PROGRAMMABLE AC/DC POWER SOURCE

Three-phase System (Cabinet Type)ES 24000T (24 kVA)
ES 36000T (36 kVA)
INSTRUCTION MANUALNF Corporation

DA00020744-001

P-STATION/ES Series
Programmable AC/DC Power Source
Three-phase System(Cabinet Type)ES 24000T (24 kVA)
ES 36000T (36 kVA)

INSTRUCTION MANUAL

---- Preface ---Thank you for purchasing our “P-STATION/ES-series Programmable AC/DC Power Source”.
For safe use of these electrical products, read “Safety Precautions” on the next page before usingthem.
 Warning symbols appearing in this Instruction Manual
The warning symbols shown below are used in this manual. Be sure to follow the warnings andcautions indicated by these symbols to ensure users' personal safety and protect against damage todevice.
！

WARNING

Together with this symbol, information is provided to prevent users from encountering hazards, suchas electric shock, that could result in serious injury or death when they handle the device.
!

！

CAUTION

Together with this symbol, information is provided in order to prevent damage to device when users
handle the device.

● The Instruction Manual consists of the chapters outlined below.
Before using this product for the first time, read this manual, starting with Chapter 1, “Overview.”
1.

Overview
The chapter provides confirmation items that must be made before the device is used.

2.

Part Names
The chapter gives the names and descriptions of parts of the device.

3.

Grounding and Connections
The chapter provides information you should keep in mind during installation and until
device is turned on to prepare the device for use.

4.

Operations
The chapter describes basic operations and advanced functions.

5.

Specifications
The chapter contains specifications (on functions and performance).

6.

MaintenanceThe chapter explains how to perform basic operational tests and describes routine
maintenance.

7.

Troubleshooting
The chapter explains error messages and the phenomena considered to be failures, and it
describes the appropriate action to be taken.

8.

Supplementary Information
The chapter contains supplementary information to provide a better understanding of thedevice.

ES 24000T/36000Ti---- Safety Precautions ---To use the device safely, be sure to follow the warnings and cautions given below.
NF Corporation takes no responsibility for and does not warranty against damage that may haveoccurred as a result of a failure to comply with these warnings and cautions.
This product consists of insulation standard class I devices (with protective conductor
terminals) as defined by the JIS and IEC standards.

z

Be sure to follow instructions in the Instruction Manual.
The Instruction Manual provides users with information on the operation and safe use of thisproduct.
Read the manual before using the product.
All warnings in the manual are provided to prevent hazardous situations possibly leading toserious accidents from occurring. Be sure to follow these warnings.

zConnect the product to ground.
The product uses a line filter, which may cause electric shock if the product is not grounded.
To prevent such electric shock, be sure to connect the product securely to the groundterminal.
Connect the ground terminal on the rear panel to ground with a cable as thick as or thicker
than the power cord.

z

Check the power supply voltage.
This product operates on the power supply voltage specified in “Grounding and Power
Connections.”
Before connecting the product to a power supply, make sure that the power supply voltage
conforms to the power supply voltage rating of the product.
When this device operates for a long time under a load condition, the exhaust vent on theback of the device becomes hot. Be careful not to touch this part directly.
To reduce the risk of the device being dropped during handling, do not lift it by its handle.
Each device uses dedicated accessories, peripherals, and options. Never use them for a
purpose other than the installation and operation of the device.
To prevent electric shock and failures, do not turn on the device when a cord or unit is
disconnected. Also, do not remove a unit when power is on.
To prevent electric shock and failures, never allow foreign matter or liquid to enter thedevice.
To prevent electric shock and failures, turn off the device before attaching a cable to or
detaching one from the remote sensing terminal. When the cable is attached to the terminal,
make sure that the metal part of the cable is covered.

zWhen a problem may have occurred
If smoke or an abnormal smell or sound is coming from any of the devices, turn off thedevice immediately and stop device operations.
In such an event, disable operation of the device until it is repaired, and contact our office oragent who sold you the device.

ES 24000T/36000Tii

z

Do not use the device in an environment where an explosive gas (such as
propane or kerosene) is present.
There is a danger of explosion.

z

Do not remove the covers.
The device contains high-voltage parts. Never remove the covers.
Even when the inside of one of the devices must be checked, only authorized service
engineers should handle the internal parts directly.

z

Do not retrofit the device.
Never retrofit the device. Otherwise, new and unforeseeable risks may arise, and NF
Corporation may refuse your request for repair.

z

Safety-related symbols
General definitions of safety-related symbols on the device and in the Instruction Manual are
given below.
Manual reference！

This symbol notifies users of a potential danger, and it appears
on parts that require users to refer to the Instruction Manual.
Danger of electric shock
This symbol appears on parts that could cause electric shock
under certain conditions.
Protective ground terminal
This symbol appears on terminals that must be grounded toprevent electric shock.
Before using the device, be sure to connect such terminals to theground terminal.
！

WARNING

Warning
Together with this symbol, information is provided in order toprevent users from encountering hazards, such as electric shock,that could result in serious injury or death.

！

CAUTION

CautionTogether with this symbol, information is provided in order toprevent damage when users handle the device.

z

Other symbols
This symbol indicates the ON position of a power switch.
This symbol indicates the OFF position of a power switch.
This symbol indicates that the external conductor of a connector is connected tothe case.
This symbol indicates that the external conductor of a connector is connected tosignal ground.

ES 24000T/36000T

iii

ContentsPage

1. Overview
1.1 Features...............................................................................1-1
1.2

Manual Configuration ...........................................................1-2

1.3

Accessory List Used for Confirmation ..................................1-3

2. Part Names
2.1 Controller (Common in all models).......................................2-1
2.1.1 Controller (top) ..................................................................................................2-1
2.1.2 Controller (bottom) ............................................................................................2-2

2.2

Front Control Panel (Common in all models) .......................2-3

2.2.1 Phase power control panel (L1-phase) ..............................................................2-3
2.2.2 Indicator panel (L2-, L3-phase) .........................................................................2-4

2.3

Rear Panel (Common in all models) ....................................2-4

2.3.1 Rear signal panel (master) ................................................................................2-4
2.3.2 Rear signal panel (slave)...................................................................................2-6

2.4

Rear Sub Panel (Common in all models) .............................2-7

2.5

ES 24000T (24kVA) .............................................................2-8

2.5.1 Front section .....................................................................................................2-8
2.5.2 Rear section ......................................................................................................2-9
2.5.3 Power input/output/output relay panel .............................................................2-10

2.6

ES 36000T (36kVA) ...........................................................2-12

2.6.1 Front section ...................................................................................................2-12
2.6.2 Rear section ....................................................................................................2-13
2.6.3 Power input/output/output relay panel .............................................................2-14

3. Grounding and Connections
3.1 Installation Environment.......................................................3-1
3.2

Grounding and Power Connections .....................................3-2

3.2.1 Grounding .........................................................................................................3-2
3.2.2 Power supply.....................................................................................................3-2

3.3

Connections to I/O Terminals ...............................................3-3

3.3.1 Connection to power input terminal ...................................................................3-3
3.3.2 Connection to output terminal............................................................................3-4
3.3.3 ES 24000T I/O terminal and relay output terminal connection diagram .............3-5
3.3.4 ES 36000T I/O terminal and relay output terminal connection diagram .............3-6

3.4

Connection of Control Cable ................................................3-7

3.4.1 ES 24000T control cable connection diagram ...................................................3-7
3.4.2 ES 36000T control cable connection diagram ...................................................3-8

3.5

Fuse .....................................................................................3-9

3.6

Connection Check................................................................3-9

ES 24000T/36000T

iv

Contents

3.7

Powering On and Off and Checking Operation .................. 3-11

4. Operations
4.1 Notational Conventions ........................................................4-1
4.2

Basic Operations..................................................................4-2

4.2.1 Detaching and attaching the controller ..............................................................4-2
4.2.2 Setting the output voltage and output voltage range..........................................4-2
4.2.3 Setting the output frequency .............................................................................4-4
4.2.4 Turning output on and off ..................................................................................4-5
4.2.5 Key lock ............................................................................................................4-5
4.2.6 Switching between DC and AC output modes ...................................................4-5
4.2.7 Measurement function .......................................................................................4-5
4.2.8 Protection function ............................................................................................4-7

4.3

Advanced Operations...........................................................4-8

4.3.1 Setting limit values ............................................................................................4-8
4.3.2 Line synchronization .........................................................................................4-9
4.3.3 Memory ...........................................................................................................4-10
4.3.4 Memory storage and initial settings .................................................................4-14

4.4

Low-frequency Immunity Tests ...........................................4-16

4.4.1 Quick voltage change (with the frequency unchanged) ...................................4-17
4.4.2 Voltage variation (with a frequency variation) ..................................................4-20

4.5

Obtaining Precise Output ...................................................4-22

4.5.1 Precision and high stability (setting of compensation mode) ...........................4-22
4.5.2 Remote sensing AGC (AC output mode only)..................................................4-23
4.5.3 Auto calibration (output voltage calibration function) .......................................4-26

4.6

Using External Signals .......................................................4-27

4.6.1 External input (factory-installed option) ...........................................................4-27

4.7

Introduction of Other Products of the Same Family,
Peripherals, and Options ...................................................4-30

4.7.1 ES 4473 interface board..................................................................................4-30
4.7.2 ES 4474 remote terminal.................................................................................4-30
4.7.3 ES 0406E IEC testing software .......................................................................4-31

5. Specifications
5.1 Three-phase Cabinet System...............................................5-1
5.1.1 Output rating .....................................................................................................5-1
5.1.2 AC output ..........................................................................................................5-1
5.1.3 Measurement function .......................................................................................5-4
5.1.4 AGC and remote sensing (AC output mode) .....................................................5-6
5.1.5 Auto calibration (output voltage calibration function) .........................................5-7
5.1.6 Memory function................................................................................................5-7
5.1.7 Limit value setting .............................................................................................5-7
5.1.8 Key lock ............................................................................................................5-7
5.1.9 Low-frequency immunity tests ...........................................................................5-7
5.1.10 Interface board (option) .....................................................................................5-9
5.1.11 External signal input (AC output mode: factory-supplied option) ...................5-10
5.1.12 Power supply input ..........................................................................................5-10
5.1.13 Other information ............................................................................................ 5-11

ES 24000T/36000T

v

Contents

6. Maintenance
6.1 Cleaning the Air Filter...........................................................6-1
6.2

Backup Battery.....................................................................6-1

6.3

Gain Adjustment...................................................................6-2

6.4

Operation Checks ................................................................6-3

6.4.1 Check method ...................................................................................................6-3

7. Troubleshooting
7.1 Error Messages....................................................................7-1
7.2

When an Error Seems to Have Occurred.............................7-2

8. Supplementary Information
8.1 Glossary...............................................................................8-1

ES 24000T/36000T

vi

Figures
Page

Figure 4-1
Figure 4-2
Figure 5-1
Figure 5-2
Figure 5-3
Figure 5-4
Figure 5-5
Figure 5-6
Figure 5-7

Detaching the controller ......................................................................... 4-14
Fastening the controller while it faces upward.................................. 4-2
Output voltage vs. output current characteristic ............................... 5-2
Output frequency vs. output current characteristic ........................... 5-2
Output frequency vs. minimum load power factor allowable for supplyof the maximum output current ........................................................ 5-3
Load power factor PF vs. output current .......................................... 5-3
Output voltage vs. frequency characteristic.................................... 5-12
Total harmonic distortion rate vs. frequency characteristic ............. 5-13
Load regulation vs. frequency characteristic .................................. 5-13

ES 24000T/36000T

vii

Tables
Page

Table 1-1
Table 1-2
Table 4-1
Table 4-2
Table 4-3
Table 4-4

Packing list (ES 24000T(24kVA))..................................................... 1-3
Packing list (ES 36000T(36kVA))..................................................... 1-3
Setting memory configuration ........................................................ 4-11
Setting memory configuration in external input mode .................... 4-11
Memory storage and initial settings ............................................... 4-14
Supported standard tests............................................................... 4-31

ES 24000T/36000T

viii

1. Overview
1.1

Features...............................................................................1-1

1.2

Manual Configuration ...........................................................1-2

1.3

Accessory List Used for Confirmation ..................................1-3

ES 24000T/36000T

1.1 Features

1.1 Features
The “P-STATION/ES-series Programmable AC/DC Power Source” products can simulate power
supply environments. Performance, functionality, compact and lightweight profiles, and ease of use
are emphasized in this series.
This is a three-phase cabinet system that utilizes output power of 24 kVA as to ES 24000T and of
36kVA as to ES 36000T.
Because the output voltage has low waveform distortion and features a stable voltage level andfrequency, it is suitable for the power supplied in performance testing of electronic devices and
EMC measurements.
The following options are available:
ES 0406E IEC testing software
ES 4153 reference impedance network
ES 4474 remote terminal
ES 4473 interface board

Component type and cabinet type
The “P-STATION/ES-series Programmable AC/DC Power Source” comes in two types:
component and cabinet. The component type allows you to use components with output
power of 2 kVA, depending on the output format and power required. With this type, you canchange the output power and output format by adding components or changing the
combination of components. The cabinet type is an integrated product with output power of 6
kVA or higher. In comparison with the component type device having the same output power,
the cabinet type requires less floor space for installation and I/O cables are easier to connect
to it.

Compatibility with P-STATION/series [Q] system AC power sources
The “P-STATION/ES-series Programmable AC/DC Power Source” cannot be used with the
P-STATION/series [Q] 4400-series system AC power sources.

ES 24000T/36000T

1-1

1.2 Manual Configuration

1.2 Manual Configuration
This Instruction Manual covers the three-phase cabinet system. This Manual does not provide
information on other systems.
For information about options and peripherals, see the Instruction Manual supplied with therelevant product.
P-STATION/ES-series Programmable AC/DC Power Source Instruction Manuals

Single-phase System Instruction Manual
ES 2000S
ES 2000B

Three-phase System Instruction ManualSingle-phase Master
Booster

ES 2000U
ES 2000P
ES 2000B

Interface Board Instruction Manual
ES 4473

I/O Unit Instruction Manual

Interface Board

4481

Power Supply Input Unit
(6 kVA)
4482 Output Parallel Unit (6 kVA)

Three-phase/Single-phase Switching
Output Unit Instruction Manual

IEC testing software Instruction Manual
ES 0406E IEC testing software

ES 4439 Distribution Unit (6 kVA)

Remote Terminal Instruction Manual
ES 4474

ES 24000T/36000T

Three-phase MasterThree-phase Slave
Booster

Remote Terminal

1-2

1.3 Accessory List Used for Confirmation

1.3 Accessory List Used for Confirmation
Before installing the device, check for damage caused by an accident during transport and verify
that the main units and the correct accessories are all included. If a main unit or accessory is missing,contact the agent who sold you the device.

Table 1-1

Packing list (ES 24000T (24kVA))
Item

Quantity

ES 24000T three-phase system (cabinet type)(Cabinet S)

1(3 sets)

Accessories
Instruction Manual (this document)
2

1Power cable (14 mm × 4 conductors × 5m, VCT cable)2
Output trunk cable (22 mm ×3 conductors × 2m,
VCT cable)
Control cable A

2

Fuse (normal blowout type: 2A)

1

Table 1-2

3
2

Packing list (ES 36000T (36kVA))
Item

Quantity

ES 36000T three-phase system (cabinet type)(Cabinet L)

1(3 sets)

Accessories
Instruction Manual (this document)
2

1Power cable (22 mm × 4 conductors × 5m, VCT cable)2
Output trunk cable (60 mm ×3 conductors × 2m,
VCT cable)
Control cable A

2

Fuse (normal blowout type: 2A)1

3
2

When re-packaging any of the devices for transport, use a box that is strong enough and large
enough, and place cushioning with sufficient weight tolerance into the box in order to protect thedevice.

ES 24000T/36000T

1-3

2. Part Names

2.1

Controller (Common in all models).......................................2-4

2.1.1 Controller (top) ..................................................................................................2-4
2.1.2 Controller (bottom) ............................................................................................2-6

2.2

Front Control Panel (Common in all models) .......................2-8

2.2.1 Phase power control panel (L1-phase) ..............................................................2-8
2.2.2 Indicator panel (L2-, L3-phase) .........................................................................2-9

2.3

Rear Panel (Common in all models) ....................................2-9

2.3.1 Rear signal panel (master) ................................................................................2-9
2.3.2 Rear signal panel (slave).................................................................................2-12

2.4

Rear Sub Panel (Common in all models) ...........................2-14

2.5

ES 24000T (24kVA) ...........................................................2-15

2.5.1 Front section ...................................................................................................2-15
2.5.2 Rear section ....................................................................................................2-16
2.5.3 Power input/output/output relay panel .............................................................2-17

2.6

ES 36000T (36kVA) ...........................................................2-19

2.6.1 Front section ...................................................................................................2-19
2.6.2 Rear section ....................................................................................................2-20
2.6.3 Power input/output/output relay panel .............................................................2-21

ES 24000T/36000T

2.1 Controller (Common in all models)

2.1 Controller (Common in all models)
2.1.1 Controller (top)1

2

OUTPUT RANGEＤＩＳＰＬＡＹ ＭＯＤＥ

SET

SET/
MEAS

100V/
200V

MEAS

ＶＯＬＴＡＧＥ

1

4

100V
200V

V

5

6

7

KEY

OUTPUT

LOCK

ＤＣ
BUSY

ＣＵＲＲＥＮＴ／ＰＨＡＳＥ／ MEM ADRS

peak
rms

8

3

peak
rms

OVERLOAD

OFF

OFF/ONFREQUENCY/TIME/POWER

deg A

PF kVA kW ms s

10

9

ON

Hz

11

DISPLAY MODE
Sets the display mode to “setting value” or “measurement value”.
4.2.7

2

Measurement function

OUTPUT RANGE
Sets the output voltage range from 100 to 200V.
4.2.2

3

Setting the output voltage and output voltage range

KEY LOCK
Key lock switch. Setting this switch to the top position activates the lock.

4DC
Lamp is on when DC output mode is selected.
The three-phase system operates only in AC output mode.
No change to DC output mode available.

5

BUSY
Lamp is on during voltage range switching.
4.2.2

6

Setting the output voltage and output voltage range

OVERLOAD
Lamp is on when an overload is detected.

7

Protection function

OUTPUT OFF/ON
Used to turn output on and off.

8

4.2.8

4.2.4

Overview

VOLTAGE
Displays the setting value or measurement value of output voltage.
4.2.7

Measurement function

ES 24000T/36000T

2-1

4.2.5

Key lock2.1 Controller (Common in all models)

9

peak/rms
Lamps indicating whether the measurement value is a peak value or effective value.
4.2.7

10

Measurement function

CURRENT/PHASE/MEM ADRS
Displays the measurement value of output current, quick-change phase, and memory address.
4.2.7

Measurement function, 4.4.1

unchanged), and 4.3.3
11

Quick voltage change (with the frequency

MemoryFREQUENCY/TIME/POWER
Displays the output frequency, active/reactive power, power factor, quick-change time, andtransition time.
4.2.3 Setting the output frequency, 4.2.7

Measurement function, 4.4.1

voltage change (with the frequency unchanged), and 4.4.2

Quick

Voltage variation (with afrequency variation)

2.1.2 Controller (bottom)
13

14

16

MEASURE

ENTRY
VOLT

15

peak/
rms

FREQ

F/W/
VA/PF

DIGIT

Ｌ１／
Ｌ２／Ｌ３

Ｌ１

Ｌ２

Ｌ３

MODIFYDOWNUP12MEMORYSTO

12QUICK CHANGE

RCL

START

ＭＯＤＥ

GPIB

TRST
TIME

ＡＣ／ＤＣ

18

19

ADRS

ENBL

ＬＩＭＩＴ
SEL

SEL

UPR

PRCN

AUTO
CAL

LWR

ＲＳ−２３２
LCL

SEL

20

MEMORYStores and recalls settings from memory.

17

21

22

LINE
SYNC

23

4.3.3

ENTER

24

25

Memory13

ENTRY
Sets the output voltage and output frequency.
4.2.2 Setting the output voltage and output voltage range, and 4.2.3 Setting theoutput frequency

14

MEASURE
Used to select the measurement target.

15

4.2.7

Measurement function

MODIFY
Modify dial. It is used to increase or decrease a setting value.

ES 24000T/36000T

2-2

2.2 Front Control Panel (Common in all models)

16

DIGIT
Moves the cursor under a digit to be modified to left or right.

17

ENTER
Ends the input of a setting.

18

TRST TIME
Sets the transition time.

4.4.2

Voltage variation (with a frequency variation)

19

AC/DC
Toggles between AC output mode and DC output mode.
The three-phase system operates only in AC output mode.
No change to DC output mode available.

20

GPIB/RS-232
Used to specify interface-related settings. This is effective only when the ES 4473 interface
4.7.1 ES 4473 interface board
board is used.

21

QUICK CHANGE
Used to specify settings for quick-change tests on output voltage.
4.4.1 Quick voltage change (with the frequency unchanged)

22

PRCN
Changes the compensation mode.
4.5.1 Precision and high stability (setting of compensation mode)

23

AUTO CAL
Performs auto calibration.
4.5.3 Auto calibration (output voltage calibration function)

24

LINE SYNC
Places entry into the line synchronization state.

25

LIMIT
Sets limit values.

4.3.1

4.3.2

Line synchronization

Setting limit values

2.2 Front Control Panel (Common in all models)
2.2.1 Phase power control panel (L1-phase)
26

27

LINE

ES 24000T/36000T

OFF

2-3

POWER

ON

2.3 Rear Panel (Common in all models)

26

LINE
Power lamp. Lamp is ON when the power is applied to the power input terminal.

27

POWER
This is a power switch.

2.2.2 Indicator panel (L2-, L3-phase)
28

29

LINE

POWER

28

LINE
Power lamp. Lamp is ON when the power is applied to the power input terminal.

29

POWER
This is an operation indicator lamp that indicates the system is in action (POWER ON).

2.3 Rear Panel (Common in all models)
2.3.1 Rear signal panel (master)
35

34

36

31

32

33

ＴＨＲＥＥ ＰＨＡＳＥ ＣＯＮＴＲＯＬ
Ｌ２ Ｌ３
(20R)

Ｌ２

AGC SENS
ON EXT

Ｌ３

OFF
QUICK CHANGE
SYNC OUTPUT

ＳＩＧＮＡＬ ＩＮＰＵＴSEL
EXTＤＣ ＭＯＤＥＯＦＦＳＥＴ

GAIN
INT
TTL

±５Ｖ ＭＡＸ

30

38

39

40

41

Switches and connectors related to remote sensing AGC
4.5.2

Remote sensing AGC (AC output mode only)

ES 24000T/36000T

2-4

INT

BOOSTER CONTROLＥＳ ２０００Ｕ

37

Hi Lo

(20R)

42

30

2.3 Rear Panel (Common in all models)

31

AGC
Used to turn ON/OFF the AGC.

32

4.5.2

Remote sensing AGC (AC output mode only)

SENS
Used to select the detection point for output voltage.
4.5.2

33

Remote sensing AGC (AC output mode only)

Hi Lo
Terminals used for external detection of phase L1 voltage.
4.5.2

34

Remote sensing AGC (AC output mode only)

THREE PHASE CONTROL – L3
Connector for connection to the ES 2000P three-phase slave. This is to be connected to theL3-phase (W) rear signal panel. Exercise due care not to disconnect the cable.
3.4.1 ES 24000T control cable connection diagram

35

THREE PHASE CONTROL – L2
Connector for connection to the ES 2000P three-phase slave. This is to be connected to theL2-phase (V) rear signal panel. Exercise due care not to disconnect the cable.
3.4.1 ES 24000T control cable connection diagram

36

THREE PHASE CONTROL – L2/L3
Not used in this system.

37

SIGNAL INPUT
Option for the input of external signals.
4.6.1

38

External input (factory-installed option)

SEL
Switch for selecting an input signal.

39

4.6.1

GAIN
6.3 Gain Adjustment

Adjusts the gain of the internal amplifier.
40

External input (factory-installed option)

QUICK CHANGE SYNC OUTPUT
Connector from which a synchronous signal is output during a quick-change operation.
4.4.1

41

Quick voltage change (with the frequency unchanged)

DC MODE OFFSET
Adjusts the offset voltage in DC output mode.
The three-phase system operates only in AC output mode.
No change to DC output mode available.

42

BOOSTER CONTROL
Connector for booster control signal.
All connected connectors are to remain connected.

ES 24000T/36000T

2-5

2.3 Rear Panel (Common in all models)

2.3.2 Rear signal panel (slave)
45

43

46

47

ＴＨＲＥＥ ＰＨＡＳＥ ＣＯＮＴＲＯＬ
AGC

SENS

ON

EXT

OFF

INT

Hi

Lo

44

(20R )

BOOSTER C ONTR OL

Q UIC K C HAN GESYN C O UTPUT

ＳＩＧＮＡＬ ＩＮＰＵＴ
GAIN
EXT

TTL

±５Ｖ ＭＡＸ

ＥＳ ２０００Ｐ

49

48

43

50

51

THREE PHASE CONTROL
Connector for connection to the ES 2000U three-phase master.
Exercise due care not to disconnect the cable.
3.4.1 ES 24000T control cable connection diagram

44

Switches and connectors related to remote sensing AGC
4.5.2 Remote sensing AGC (AC output mode only)

45

AGC
Used to turn ON/OFF the AGC.

46

4.5.2

Remote sensing AGC (AC output mode only)

SENS
Used to select the detection point for output voltage.
4.5.2 Remote sensing AGC (AC output mode only)

47

Hi Lo
Terminals used for external detection of phase L2 (V) or L3 (W) voltage.
4.5.2 Remote sensing AGC (AC output mode only)

48

SIGNAL INPUT
Option for the input of external signals.
4.6.1

49

50

GAIN
Adjusts the gain of the internal amplifier.

6.3 Gain Adjustment

QUICK CHANGE SYNC OUTPUT
Connector from which a synchronous signal is output during a quick-change operation.
4.4.1

51

External input (factory-installed option)

Quick voltage change (with the frequency unchanged)

BOOSTER CONTROL
Connector for booster control signal.
All connected connectors are to remain connected.

ES 24000T/36000T

2-6

2.4 Rear Sub Panel (Common in all models)

2.4 Rear Sub Panel (Common in all models)
52

52

FEED BACK L1 (L2/L3)
Connector for future expansion. Leave it unconnected.

ES 24000T/36000T

2-7

2.5 ES 24000T (24kVA)

2.5 ES 24000T (24kVA)
2.5.1 Front section
54

56

53

55

53

57

Indicator panel
Outfitted with the power indicator lamp and operation indicator lamp.

54

Power panel
Outfitted with the power switch and power lamp.

55

Intake ventOpening through which air used for cooling enters the device. The inflow of air is to be assured.

56

Controller
Control console that can be pulled out for use.

57

Front coverThis is to be removed only for air filter replacement.

ES 24000T/36000T

2-8

2.5 ES 24000T (24kVA)

2.5.2 Rear section
59

58

60

61
62

63

58

Slave panel
Rear signal panel outfitted with the external input terminals.
2.3.2

59

Rear signal panel (slave)

Master panel
Rear signal panel outfitted with the external input terminals.
2.3.1

60

Rear signal panel (master)Blank panel
Panel for future expansion.

61

Exhaust ventOpening through which air is blown out. The outflow of air is to be assured.

62

Rear sub panel
2.4 Rear Sub Panel (Common in all models)

ES 24000T/36000T

2-9

2.5 ES 24000T (24kVA)

63

Power input/output/output relay panel
・Power input
Power input section for three-phase 200V. Be sure to connect the protective ground terminal.
・Power output
Three-phase non-grounded output is produced.
A cable with sufficient capacity of output current is to be used.
・Output relay
Relays the output from the L2- (V) and L3-phase (W) cabinets.
3.3.3

ES 24000T I/O terminal and relay output terminal

2.5.3 Power input/output/output relay panel■ L1-phase (U) cabinet

64

65

66

67

68

69

64

Low-power circuit protective fuse
Fuse for the circuit that controls the power supply to this system.
No power is supplied to this system if the protective fuse blows.

65

Power input terminal
Terminal to be connected to the three-phase 200V power supply.
Check the current capacity of the distribution panel before terminal connection.
M6 screws used for the terminal block.

66

Protective ground terminal
Protective ground terminal. Be sure to ground it. M6 screws used for the terminal block.

67

Relay input terminal
This is to be connected to the relay output terminal for the L2- (V) and L3-phase (W) cabinets.
M6 screws used for the terminal block.

68

Three-phase output terminal
Output terminal, which is to be connected to a load securely with the cable with sufficient
capacity of output current. M6 screws used for the terminal block.

69

Ground terminal
This is to be connected to ground the tested unit.

ES 24000T/36000T

2-10

2.5 ES 24000T (24kVA)■ L2-phase (V) and L3-phase (W) cabinets

70

71

72

73

70

Low-power circuit protective fuse
Fuse for the circuit that controls the power supply to this system.
No power is supplied to this system if the protective fuse blows.

71

Power input terminal
Terminal to be connected to the three-phase 200V power supply.
Check the current capacity of the distribution panel before terminal connection.
M6 screws used for the terminal block.

72

Protective ground terminal
Protective ground terminal. Be sure to ground it. M6 screws used for the terminal block.

73

Relay output terminal
This is to be connected to the relay input terminal for the L1-phase (U) cabinet.
M6 screws used for the terminal block.

ES 24000T/36000T

2-11

2.6 ES 36000T (36kVA)

2.6 ES 36000T (36kVA)
2.6.1 Front section
74

75

76

77

78

74

Indicator panel
Outfitted with the power indicator lamp and operation indicator lamp.

75

Power panel
Outfitted with the power switch and power lamp.

76

Controller
Control console that can be pulled out for use.

77

Intake ventOpening through which air used for cooling enters the device. The inflow of air is to be assured.

78

Front coverThis is to be removed only for air filter replacement.

ES 24000T/36000T

2-12

2.6 ES 36000T (36kVA)

2.6.2 Rear section
79
80

81

82

83

84

79

Master panel
Rear signal panel outfitted with the external input terminals.
2.3.1

80

Rear signal panel (master)

Slave panel
Rear signal panel outfitted with the external input terminals.
2.3.2

Rear signal panel (slave)81

Blank panel
Panel for future expansion.

82

Exhaust ventOpening through which air is blown out. The outflow of air is to be assured.

83

Rear sub panel
2.4 Rear Sub Panel (Common in all models)84

Power input/output/output relay panel
・Power input
Power input section for three-phase 200V. Be sure to connect the protective ground terminal.
・Power output
Three-phase non-grounded output is produced.
A cable with sufficient capacity of output current is to be used.
・Output relay
Relays the output from the L2- (V) and L3-phase (W) cabinets.
3.3.4

ES 36000T I/O terminal and relay output terminal connection diagram

ES 24000T/36000T

2-13

2.6 ES 36000T (36kVA)

2.6.3 Power input/output/output relay panel■ L1-phase (U) cabinet
ＬＩＮＥ ＩＮＰＵＴＩＮＰＵＴＯＵＴＰＵＴ
ＭＡＸ３６ｋＶＡ

２２．８ｋＶＡ

ＴＨＲＥＥ ＰＨＡＳＥ

ＴＨＲＥＥ ＰＨＡＳＥ

１７０Ｖ−２２０Ｖ ５０Ｈｚ／６０Ｈｚ
２Ａ／２５０Ｖ

85

85

Ｌ１

Ｌ２

Ｌ２

Ｌ３

86

Ｈｉ

Ｌｏ

０Ｖ−３００Ｖ（ＰＨＡＳＥ） ５Ｈｚ−１１００Ｈｚ

Ｌ３

Ｈｉ

87

Ｌｏ

Ｌ１

88

Ｌ２

Ｌ３

Ｎ

89

90

Low-power circuit protective fuse
Fuse for the circuit that controls the power supply to this system.
No power is supplied to this system if the protective fuse blows.

86

Power input terminal
Terminal to be connected to the three-phase 200V power supply.
Check the current capacity of the distribution panel before terminal connection.
M6 screws used for the terminal block.

87

Protective ground terminal
Protective ground terminal. Be sure to ground it. M6 screws used for the terminal block.

88

Relay input terminal
This is to be connected to the relay output terminal for the L2- (V) and L3-phase (W) cabinets.
M10 screws used for the terminal block.

89

Three-phase output terminal
Output terminal, which is to be connected to a load securely with the cable with sufficient
capacity of output current. M10 screws used for the terminal block.

90

Ground terminal
This is to be connected to ground the tested unit.

ES 24000T/36000T

2-14

2.6 ES 36000T (36kVA)■L2-phase (V) and L3-phase (W) cabinets

91

91

92

93

94

Low-power circuit protective fuse
Fuse for the circuit that controls the power supply to this system.
No power is supplied to this system if the protective fuse blows.

92

Power input terminal
Terminal to be connected to the three-phase 200V power supply.
Check the current capacity of the distribution panel before terminal connection.
M6 screws used for the terminal block.

93

Protective ground terminal
Protective ground terminal. Be sure to ground it. M6 screws used for the terminal block.

94

Relay output terminal
This is to be connected to the relay input terminal for the L1-phase (U) cabinet.
M10 screws used for the terminal block.

ES 24000T/36000T

2-15

3. Grounding and Connections
3.1

Installation Environment.......................................................3-1

3.2

Grounding and Power Connections .....................................3-2

3.2.1 Grounding .........................................................................................................3-2
3.2.2 Power supply.....................................................................................................3-2

3.3

Connections to I/O Terminals ...............................................3-3

3.3.1 Connection to power input terminal ...................................................................3-3
3.3.2 Connection to output terminal............................................................................3-4
3.3.3 ES 24000T I/O terminal and relay output terminal connection diagram .............3-5
3.3.4 ES 36000T I/O terminal and relay output terminal connection diagram .............3-6

3.4

Connection of Control Cable ................................................3-7

3.4.1 ES 24000T control cable connection diagram ...................................................3-7
3.4.2 ES 36000T control cable connection diagram ...................................................3-8

3.5

Fuse .....................................................................................3-9

3.6

Connection Check................................................................3-9

3.7Powering On and Off and Checking Operation .................. 3-11

ES 24000T/36000T

3.1 Installation Environment

3.1 Installation Environment
For safe use of the devices and maintaining reliability, take the following into consideration:z To prevent the devices from toppling over, install each one on a level floor that isvibration-free and can support their weight.
z Use the device within the following ambient temperature and humidity ranges:

Guaranteedperformance+5 to +35°C

5% to 80% RH
The absolute humidity range is 1 to 25 g/m3.
No condensation is allowed.

Guaranteed
operation

0 to +40°C

5% to 80% RH
The absolute humidity range is 1 to 25 g/m3.
No condensation is allowed.

Storageconditions–10 to +50°C

5% to 95% RH
The absolute humidity range is 1 to 29 g/m3.
No condensation is allowed.

In an environment with an extremely high temperature or humidity, the operation of thedevices becomes less reliable. A temperature of around 25°C and a relative humidity of 50%
are recommended for the operating environment of the devices.
z

To get the full benefits of the forced air cooling function, install each device so that the intake
vent (in the front section) and the exhaust vent (in the rear section) are at least 50 cm apartfrom walls and other obstructions, thereby ensuring sufficient air ventilation.

z

Never install the devices at the following locations:Outdoors
Place exposed to direct sunlight
Small area with poor ventilation
Humid place at which condensation forms easily
Dusty area
Place at which corrosive, explosive, or flammable gas is present
Place at which the device is likely to come in contact with fire or water！

CAUTION

In the event of a sudden change in the ambient temperature or humidity, such as during transport inwinter, condensation may form inside the device.
In such cases, leave the device as is until the condensation evaporates, before connecting it to a
power supply.

ES 24000T/36000T

3-1

3.2 Grounding and Power Connections

3.2 Grounding and Power Connections
3.2.1 Grounding！

WARNING

This product uses a line filter, which may cause electric shock if the product is not grounded.
To prevent electric shock, be sure to connect the protective ground terminal () securely to theground terminal.

3.2.2 Power supply！

CAUTION

Before connecting the product to a power supply, make sure that the power supply voltage conforms
to the rated supply voltage of the product.

zz

The power requirements of the product are as follows:
Voltage:Three-phase 170 to 220V

Frequency:

48 to 62Hz

For a connection to the power supply, use the supplied power cable or an equivalent cable
whose thickness is the same or greater.

z

When tightening screws and pulling cables, be very careful not to allow the power cable toloosen or detach from the terminal.

ES 24000T/36000T

3-2

3.3 Connections to I/O Terminals

3.3 Connections to I/O Terminals
Before starting connection work, be sure to disconnect the power supply from the distribution
panel to prevent electric shock.

3.3.1 Connection to power input terminal
Use the supplied power cable to connect the power input terminal (LINE INPUT) at therear to a three-phase 200V power supply on the distribution panel.
To ensure safety, be sure to disconnect the power supply from the distribution panel before
cabling.
The input terminal section of each device is labeled (L1, L2, L3Connect “).

” to protective ground.

Cabling requires a Phillips screwdriver (+) used to turn the terminal block screws (M6).
Remove the safety cover of the terminal block, and remove the screw. Pass the screw throughthe terminal of the supplied power cable, re-insert the screw into the terminal block, and tighten
the screw securely with the screwdriver.
Be sure to perform cabling for the protective ground terminal too. After completing cabling, besure to mount the protective cover.
Model
ES 24000T(24kVA)
ES 36000T(36kVA)！

VoltageFrequency

Power factor

Three-phase
170 to 220Vrms

48 to 62Hz

Min. 90%(97% typat rated output)

Power
consumption
Approx.
45.6kVA
Approx.
68.4kVA

Terminalscrew

M6

CAUTION

Before connecting cables to the power supply, check the power capacitance of the distribution panel.
[Power consumption]

ES 24000T (24kVA): Approx. 45.6kVA
ES 36000T (36kVA): Approx. 68.4kVA

The maximum input current is obtained when 170V of the lower limit in the power voltage range isplaced.
ES 24000T (24kVA): Approx. 180Arms
ES 36000T (36kVA) : Approx. 240Arms！

WARNINGTo ensure safety, be sure to disconnect the power supply from the distribution panel before cabling.

ES 24000T/36000T

3-3

3.3 Connections to I/O Terminals

3.3.2 Connection to output terminal
Output is insulated from power input. All of the following outputs are insulated from thehousing: “L1”, “L2”, “L3”, and “N”. Only “Lo” and “N” terminals can be connected to the
housing.
The terminal and applicable wire rod size vary with model types. See the following table totorque and connect the wire rods with adequate cross-sectional area properly, in consideration of
output current.
Model
ES 24000T(24kVA)
ES 36000T(36kVA)！

Output mode

Applicable wire rods

Terminal screw

Three-phase

22mm2

M6

Three-phase

60mm2

M10

WARNING• The power input section is outfitted with a line filter, which carries potential electric shock iftouched the housing without grounding. Be sure to connect the protective ground terminal before
connecting the power supply.

• To ensure safety, be sure to disconnect the power supply from the distribution panel before cabling.
• To ensure safety, be sure to turn off this device before connecting the output terminals.

ES 24000T/36000T

3-4

ES 24000T/36000T

3-5

Three-phase 200V
15.2kVA
distribution panel

Power cable (accessory)
4-conductor VCT cable 14mm 2

Output trunk cable(accessory)
3-conductor VCT cable 22 mm2Three-phase 200V
15.2kVA
distribution panel

Load

Use the cable with anominal sectionalarea
2
of 22 mm .
Terminal N is to beunconnected forthree-phase 3-wireload.

Three-phase 200V
15.2kVA
distribution panel

3.3 Connections to I/O Terminals

3.3.3 ES 24000T I/O terminal and relay output terminal connection
diagramPower output among the I/O terminals and cabinets is to be relayed as shown below.

ES 24000T/36000T

3-6

Three-phase 200V
22.8kVA
distribution panel

Power cable (accessory)
4-conductor VCT cable 22mm 2

Output trunk cable(accessory)
3-conductor VCT cable 60 mm2

Three-phase 200V
22.8kVA
distribution panel

Load
Use the cable with anominal sectional area of2
22 mm .
Terminal N is to beunconnected forthree-phase 3-wire load.

Three-phase 200V
22.8kVA
distribution panel

3.3 Connections to I/O Terminals

3.3.4 ES 36000T I/O terminal and relay output terminal connection
diagramPower output among the I/O terminals and cabinets is to be relayed as shown below.

3.4 Connection of Control Cable

3.4 Connection of Control Cable
Use the supplied control cable A to connect the cabinets.

3.4.1 ES 24000T control cable connection diagram

ES 24000T/36000T

3-7

3.4 Connection of Control Cable

3.4.2 ES 36000T control cable connection diagram

ES 24000T/36000T

3-8

3.5 Fuse

3.5 Fuse
A φ5.2mm×20mm-fuse, which is a normal blowout type (2A/250V), is used in this system. This
fuse is designed for protection of the low-power circuit. Check that no fuse burns in the event of
any of the following events:
z The power lamp (LINE) on the power control panel remains OFF even when the system isturned ON.
z Power supply is disabled. (No power is supplied even when the power switch on the power
control panel is pressed.)！

WARNING• To ensure safety, be sure to disconnect the power supply from the distribution panel before fuse
replacement.

• Only designated fuse is available.
！

CAUTION

Fuse replacement (including fuse holder removal): Push the tab in the fuse socket in the direction
shown by the arrow (indicated on the fuse holder). The socket comes off with the push. Push thesocket into the fuse holder until the stopper clicks after fuse replacement.

3.6 Connection Check
Recheck the connection before turning ON the power.
（1）Connecting the power supply
See “Connection to power input terminal” to connect cables securely.
3.3.1

Connection to power input terminal（2）Connecting output to a load
See “Connection to output terminal” to connect cables securely.
3.3.2！

Connection to output terminal

WARNING• To ensure safety, be sure to disconnect the power supply from the distribution panel before cabling.
• To ensure safety, be sure to disconnect the power supply from the distribution panel before fuse
replacement.

• This system monitors voltage on the output terminals and controls the voltage to keep it constant.
Therefore, potential degradation in load regulation may be concerned because of the effect ofimpedance caused by output cables and terminals. For this reason, avoid using a cable that is
unnecessarily long to connect the output terminal and load, fasten the terminal screws so that there
is no looseness, and use an output cable with thick wire rods.

ES 24000T/36000T

3-9

3.6 Connection Check！

CAUTION

Select cables properly by referring to the following, which shows the relationship between cables andallowable current: Allowable current of 2-conductor vinyl cabtire cables (JIS C 3312 VCT cables)
Ambient temperature is 30°C or lessNumber of
conductors

Two
conductors

Singleconductor

Ambient temperature exceeding 30°C

Nominalcross-sectional
area (mm2)

Allowable
current (A)Ambient
temperature (°C)

Allowable
current derating
factor

2

22

30

1.00

3.5

32

35

0.91

5.5

42

40

0.82

8

51

45

0.71

14

71

50

0.58

22

95

(As per JEAC 8001-1986)

38

130

60

170

* Multiply the allowable current in theleft table by the derating factor in theabove table.

60

225

 Relationship between cable length and voltage drop (JIS C 3307 IV cables)

Cable length (m)Current (Arms)

ES 24000T/36000T

3-10

*

Cable length with a voltage drop of
0.5 V caused by electric wire
resistance*In the graph,indicates a
conductor cross-sectional area.

3.7 Powering On and Off and Checking Operation

3.7 Powering On and Off and Checking Operation
After cables are connected, check operation. Power on by following the procedure below.
（1） When External Input Option is installed, check that the SIGNAL INPUT switch on the rear
panel is set to INT.

（2）Verify that the cables are connected correctly according to the instructions given in the previous
sections.
（3） Apply power, and accordingly the LINE lamp comes on.
LINE（4） Turn on the power switch. The system is turned on, and operation starts.
This is indicated on the controller.
OFF

POWER

ON

OFF

POWER

ON

（5） Immediately after the power-on sequence, the settings stored at memory address 1 are used.
When the devices are turned on for the first time after being purchased, the preset defaults are
4.3.3

used.

Memory（6） To power off, press the “OFF” switch.
The supply of power is stopped, and the device is turned off.
OFF

POWER

ON

OFF

POWER

ON

（7）To re-power on, wait 10 seconds after device stop is completed.
！

CAUTION• Connect cables securely. An incorrect connection can result in a malfunction.
• Immediately after the power-on sequence, OVERmay go on and remain on until the internalLOAD
circuit stabilizes.

ES 24000T/36000T

3-11

4. Operations
4.1

Notational Conventions ........................................................4-1

4.2

Basic Operations..................................................................4-2

4.2.1 Detaching and attaching the controller ..............................................................4-2
4.2.2 Setting the output voltage and output voltage range..........................................4-2
4.2.3 Setting the output frequency .............................................................................4-4
4.2.4 Turning output on and off ..................................................................................4-5
4.2.5 Key lock ............................................................................................................4-5
4.2.6 Switching between DC and AC output modes ...................................................4-5
4.2.7 Measurement function .......................................................................................4-5
4.2.8 Protection function ............................................................................................4-7

4.3

Advanced Operations...........................................................4-8

4.3.1 Setting limit values ............................................................................................4-8
4.3.2 Line synchronization .........................................................................................4-9
4.3.3 Memory ...........................................................................................................4-10
4.3.4 Memory storage and initial settings .................................................................4-14

4.4

Low-frequency Immunity Tests ...........................................4-16

4.4.1 Quick voltage change (with the frequency unchanged) ...................................4-17
4.4.2 Voltage variation (with a frequency variation) ..................................................4-20

4.5

Obtaining Precise Output ...................................................4-22

4.5.1 Precision and high stability (setting of compensation mode) ...........................4-22
4.5.2 Remote sensing AGC (AC output mode only)..................................................4-23
4.5.3 Auto calibration (output voltage calibration function) .......................................4-26

4.6

Using External Signals .......................................................4-27

4.6.1 External input (factory-installed option) ...........................................................4-27

4.7

Introduction of Other Products of the Same Family,
Peripherals, and Options ...................................................4-30

4.7.1 ES 4473 interface board..................................................................................4-30
4.7.2 ES 4474 remote terminal.................................................................................4-30
4.7.3 ES 0406E IEC testing software .......................................................................4-31

ES 24000T/36000T

4.1 Notational Conventions

4.1 Notational Conventions
This section explains the notations used to explain device operations.
（1）Notations of indications
VOLT

100V

A lamp is off.

VOLT

200V

A lamp is on.
A lamp or indicator is blinking. The arrow indicates
which digit on the display is blinking.

VOLT（2）Notations of operations
This indicates the pressing of a key.

VOLT

You need not hold down the key.

MODIFY
DOWN

UPThis indicates the turning of a dial.
This figure shows that the dial is turned clockwise.

！

CAUTION

To better understand the methods of use, operate the device as you read this section.

ES 24000T/36000T

4-1

4.2 Basic Operations

4.2 Basic Operations
4.2.1 Detaching and attaching the controller
You can detach the controller to use it. Choose the desired mode of use according to yourpurposes.
To detach the controller, first gently pull the bottom of the controller and raise the bottom edge.
Pull the controller out of the socket located on its back to separate the controller from the main
unit. Two other sockets are provided so that you can mount and fasten the controller while it faces
slightly upward.
-(2)
1.(1)手前に引き、Pull out thecontroller toward
固定用マグネッ
you from theトから外す。
magnet.
(2)外れたらそのま
2. Raise the bottom
ま下端を上に持edge when it
上げて外す。
comes off.

(1) やや上向きの

(2)
(1)

1. Align
the controller
状態から背面ソ
withケットの位置に
the rear socket
while
facing slightly
合わせる。
upward.
(2)
そのままソケ
2. Insert
and fasten theットに差込んでcontroller
as it is.
固定する。

(1)

取付用ソケット
Attachingsocket(1
pc. each side)（左右各１ケ所）

Figure 4-1

Detaching the controller

Figure 4-2 Fastening the controller while it
faces upward！

CAUTION● To prevent the cable from breaking, do not pull the cable with excessive force.
● When detaching or attaching the controller, be careful not to drop it.
● Attach the controller securely, and be careful not to drop the controller during transport.

4.2.2 Setting the output voltage and output voltage range
z After setting an appropriate output voltage range for a target output voltage, place the device

in the voltage setting state, and set the voltage by turning the modify dial.
z The upper limit of output voltage depends on the output voltage range setting and limit

setting.
z The voltage setting steps of the dial depend on whether the mode is setting mode ormeasurement mode. In setting mode, you can change the step value by pressing thekeys, but in measurement mode, the step value is always set to 0.1 V.

ES 24000T/36000T

4-2

and

4.2 Basic Operations

 Operating procedure
key to set the output voltage range to the desired range. Each time the key

Press theis pressed, the range setting toggles between the two ranges. During the switching operation,
remains on.
OUTPUT RANGE

100V/
200V

100V

BUSY

200V

Press theOUTPUT RANGE

100V/
200V

100V
200V

Voltage range
100V
200V

Setting range
0 to 150.0V
0 to 300.0V

key to place the device in the voltage setting state. The lamp goes on.

−ENTRY−−ENTRY−VOLT FREQVOLT FREQ

Turn the modify dial to set a voltage. The output voltage value changes together with thedisplayed value.
In setting mode, the value indicated by the blinking digit changes; in measurement mode, thevalue indicated by the 0.1-V digit changes.
VOLTAGE

Peakrms

VOLTAGEMODIFY
DOWN

UP
Peak
rms

Ｖ

Ｖ

key. The lamp goes out, and the voltage setting

To end this setting operation, press thestate ends.
ENTER

！

VOLT

ENTER

CAUTION● The maximum output current depends on the output voltage range. Select an appropriate range

according to the load current.
● Only setting of phase voltage is enabled in three-phase mode. You cannot set a line-to-line voltage.

ES 24000T/36000T

4-3

4.2 Basic Operations

4.2.3 Setting the output frequency
z Place the device in the frequency setting state, and set the frequency by turning the modify

dial.
4.3.1

z The maximum frequency range is 5 to 1100 Hz, but if limit values are set (Setting limit values), the upper and lower limits are determined according to those settings.

 Operating procedure
Press thekey to set the display mode to setting mode.

DISPLAY MODE

goes on.

DISPLAY MODE

SET

SET/ SETMEAS MEASET/MEAS MEA

key to place the device in the frequency setting state. Its lamp goes on.

Press the−ENTRY−−ENTRY−VOLT FREQ

VOLT

FREQ

Turning the modify dial changes the value indicated by the blinking digit. The cursor
orindicated by the blinking digit is moved when the

key is pressed. The output

frequency changes together with the displayed value.
FREQUENCY/TIME/POWER

DOWN

PF

kVA

kW

FREQUENCY/TIME/POWER

MODIFY

ms

s

UP

Hz

PF

kVA

kW

ms

s

Hz

key. The lamp goes out, and the voltage

To end this setting operation, press thesetting state ends.
ENTER

！

FREQ

ENTER

CAUTION● When setting a frequency, be sure to note the allowable frequency range of the connected load.
● When line synchronization is set to on, the frequency cannot be set. Before attempting to set thefrequency, turn off line synchronization.
4.3.2

Line synchronization

ES 24000T/36000T

4-4

4.2 Basic Operations

4.2.4 Turning output on and off
With the press of the key, output can be turned on and off.

 Operating procedure
key. Each time the key is pressed, the output is alternately turned on and

Press theoff.
OUTPUTOFFON

OUTPUT

OFF/ONOFF

ON

OFF/ON

4.2.5 Key lock
When the key lock switch is slid to the top position, the switch knob is activated and the key
lock state is entered. In this state, key input from the front panel is not accepted.
KEY
LOCK

KEY
LOCK

Key lock off(Operation enabled)

Key lock on(Operation disabled)

4.2.6 Switching between DC and AC output modes
The three-phase system can operate only in AC output mode. You cannot switch to DC output
mode.

4.2.7 Measurement functionz The effective values and peak values of voltage and current, active power, apparent power,

and the power factor can be measured.
z Output voltage can be changed while the measurement display mode is maintained.
z

4.2.2

Setting the output voltage and output voltage range

 Operating procedure
Press thekey to set the display mode to measurement mode.

DISPLAY MODE
SET/
MEAS

SET
MEAS

ES 24000T/36000TDISPLAY MODE
SET/
MEAS

SET
MEAS

4-5

goes on.

4.2 Basic Operations<<Displaying the effective values and peak values of voltage and current>>

Press thekey. When the lamp is on, a peak value is displayed; when off, aneffective value is displayed.
Peak/
rms

Peak
rms

Effective values are displayed.

Peak
rms

Peak values are displayed.

<<Displaying active power, apparent power, and the power factor>>

Press thekey. Each time the key is pressed, the value of a different measurement

is displayed. The display sequence is as follows: frequency (Hz) → active power (kW)→ apparent power (kVA) → power factor → frequency (Hz) → …
Hz

F/W/
VA/PF

kW

Hz

F/W/
VA/PF

…

F/W/
VA/PF

kVA

F/W/
VA/PF

PF

F/W/
VA/PF

FREQUENCY/TIME/POWER

PF

kVA

kW

ms

s

Hz

<<Selecting the measurement phase>>

Press thekey. Each time the key is pressed, the selected measurement phase ischanged.

The sequence of the change is as follows:

Line-to-line voltage
L1-L2
Phase current L1
Total power for threephasesPhase voltage L3
Phase current L3
Phase L3 power

L1

L2

L3

L1

L2

L3

Line-to-line voltage
L2-L3
Phase current L2
Total power for threephases

L1

L2

L3

Phase voltage L1
Phase current L1
Phase L1 power

Phase voltage L2
Phase current L2
Phase L2 power

L1

L1

L2

L3

Line-to-line voltage
L3-L1
Phase current L3
Total
power
for
three phases

L1

L2

L3

L2

L3

Phase voltage L1
Phase current L1
Phase L1 power

L1

L2

L3

The indicated L1, L2, and L3 phases correspond to U, V, and W, respectively.
！

CAUTION● Measured frequency values are not displayed. (Only the setting is displayed.)● Operations with thesetting mode (andkeys cannot be accepted while the display mode is set tois on). When either of these keys is pressed, it may take several seconds until

stable values are displayed.
●

key is available in the three-phase mode only, not in the single-phase mode.

ES 24000T/36000T

4-6…

4.2 Basic Operations

4.2.8 Protection functionz The device provides the protection function explained below.
z When output is restricted, the overload state is entered, andProtection
factor！

goes on.

Protection status
Outputrestriction

Power
disconnection

Outline of operation

Outputovercurrent

Yes

Yes

At the same time that the peak value ofcurrent is detected and restricted, the meanvalue is detected and restricted by a decreasein the input voltage.

Output element
loss

Yes

Yes

If semiconductor loss in the output stage
exceeds a specified value, it is restricted by adecrease in the input voltage.

Output elementin safeoperation area

Yes

Yes

If semiconductor loss in the output stage
exceeds a specified value, it is restricted by adecrease in the output voltage and current.

Heat in internal
elements

No

Yes

A protective operation takes place when theambient environment or a fan failure causes a
detected decline in cooling capability.

CAUTION

In a protective operation for restricting output, the device is placed in the overload protection state,andgoes on. When the cause of the restriction (e.g., overload or short-circuit) is corrected,

self-restoration to the normal state is performed, but depending on the degree or time of theprotection state, power is sometimes turned off.
Primarily during remote sensing AGC (4.5.2

Remote sensing AGC (AC output mode

only) ), if the external sensing terminal becomes available with output left on or if output exceeds thevoltage compensation range, the protection function turns off the compensation operation, and turnsonThis state continues until output is turned off.

Also, the lamp may go on for a short time when the voltage range is changed.

ES 24000T/36000T

4-7

4.3 Advanced Operations

4.3 Advanced Operations
4.3.1 Setting limit valuesz By setting limit values, the setting ranges of output voltage and output frequency can be
restricted. If you set appropriate limit values for the allowable input range of the connectedload in advance, you can prevent load failures, such as those resulting from applying
overvoltage.
z Three types of limits can be set:

upper voltage limit, upper frequency limit, and lower

frequency limit.
z The setting of the quick-change voltage is restricted by the set limit values.

4.4.1

Quick voltage change (with the frequency unchanged)

 Operating procedure
Press thekey to set the display mode to setting mode.

4.2.7

Measurement function

Pressing the

key displays the three limit values that are currently set.
key is pressed,

In the value displayed, one digit is indicated by the cursor. Each time thethe cursor moves to the next value displayed. The display sequence is as follows:

uppervoltage limit (V) → upper frequency limit (Hz) → lower frequency limit (Hz) → upper
voltage limit (V) → .… Move the cursor to the limit setting you want to set.
−LIMIT−SELUPR LWR−LIMIT−SEL

VOLTAGEUPR LWR

Peak
rms−LIMIT−SELＶFREQUENCY/TIME/POWER

UPR LWRPF−LIMIT−
SEL

kW

ms

s

Hz

ms

s

Hz

FREQUENCY/TIME/POWER

UPR LWRPF

ES 24000T/36000T

kVA

4-8

kVA

kW

4.3 Advanced Operations

Specify a limit value by turning the modify dial. You can move the cursor by pressing the
and

keys.

VOLTAGEVOLTAGEMODIFY
DOWN

Peak
rms

UP
Peak
rms

Ｖ

Ｖ

key. The basic display state that was set prior to

After specifying a value, press the

key being pressed is restored, and the setting operation ends.

thekey again to enter the setting state.

To check the set value, press the

To specify a value for another limit setting, repeat the procedure from the beginning.
！

CAUTION

A value less than the currently set values of output voltage and quick-change voltage cannot be set as
the voltage limit value.
Similarly, values exceeding the currently set frequency range cannot be set as the upper and lower
frequency limit values.

4.3.2 Line synchronization
This function synchronizes the output frequency with the frequency of the AC current line.
Synchronization is possible with power line frequencies ranging from 48 to 62 Hz.

 Operating procedure
Turn off output. When output is on, line synchronization cannot be turned on or off.
OUTPUT

OFF/ON

Press theOFF

ON

OFF/ON

key. After the internal circuit becomes stabilized (approximately 100 ms),

the frequency display changes to “LInE”, and output is synchronized.
FREQUENCY/TIME/POWER
LINE
SYNC

LINE
SYNC

PF

ES 24000T/36000T

4-9

kVA

kW

ms

s

Hz

4.3 Advanced Operations

To turn off line synchronization, turn off output, then press thekey.

While line synchronization is turned off, the output frequency is always set to 55 Hz.
OUTPUT
OFF

ON

LINE
SYNC

！

FREQUENCY/TIME/POWER

OFF/ON

PF

kVA

kW

ms

s

Hz

CAUTION

The frequency range that can be used for line synchronization is from 48 to 62 Hz, which is the sameas the rated frequency range of the devices. Use frequencies within this range.
When output is on, line synchronization cannot be turned on or off. Before setting a value, turn off
output.
While line synchronization is turned off, the output frequency is always set to 55 Hz.
If the allowable frequency setting range determined by set frequency limit values (4.3.1

Setting limit values) does not include 55 Hz, line synchronization cannot be turned on.

4.3.3 Memoryz Setting values and states can be stored in backup memory supported by an internal battery, sothey can later be recalled from memory.
z There are 121 memory addresses, from 0 to 120. Initial values are stored at address 0 and can

only be recalled from memory. Any state can be stored at the remaining 120 addresses.
z During the power-on sequence, the contents of address 1 are set. If you store a frequently

used state at address 1, you do not need to specify settings each time you use the device.
Using the state settings stored in memory enables the quick output change operation thatchanges output quickly between the states before and after a recall operation. Furthermore,
4.4.2 Voltage variation (with a frequency variation) ) enables
setting a transition time (a sweep operation that changes the voltage or frequency of output for the set time, between thestates before and after the recall operation. For details, see “Low-frequency Immunity Tests.”
4.4 Low-frequency Immunity Test

ES 24000T/36000T

4-10

4.3 Advanced Operations

If settings are stored in addresses 1 through 120, L1
L1

L2

L3

L2

L3

in MEASURE are ON.

remain OFF if memory addresses with no settings stored are selected.

The settings of the three-phase mode and external input mode (optional) are to be stored inaddress 1.
Table 4-1
Address
0
1
2
：
120

Table 4-2
Address01

ES 24000T/36000T

Setting memory configuration

Details
Initial value
Setting for power-ON
Setting memory

Setting memory configuration in external input mode
Details
Initial value
Setting for power-ON

4-11

4.3 Advanced Operations！

CAUTION① In a memory recall operation with output turned on, the device operates as follows to prevent an
improper amount of power from being supplied to the load:
If recalled settings in memory are in “output off”:
After the memory recall, “output off” is always set.
If recalled settings in memory are in “output on”:
If any of the state settings listed below has a different value before the memory recall than thatafter the memory recall, “output off” is set.
If the state setting remains the same, however, output remains on.
・Line synchronization on/off
・Quick-change enable mode・Output voltage range 100 V/200 V
・Precision/high stability
・Output mode AC/DC・Crest factor function enabled/disabled (If enabled, the CF value must be the same before
and after the memory recall.)② Although the contents of address 1 are recalled during the power-on sequence, output is always
turned off not to mistakenly supply output to the load.
③ When a sweep is not to be used, check whether the transition time would be set to 0 at the time ofthe save operation to make sure that the sweep operation is not performed by mistake.
4.4.2

Voltage variation (with a frequency variation)④ The interface-related settings used when the optional ES 4473 interface board is installed are notstored in memory and cannot be recalled from memory. For details, see the ES 4473 Interface
Board Instruction Manual.

 Operating procedure: Memory storage
Press thekey. The lamp blinks, a memory address is displayed, and the device enters

the setting state.
−MEMORY−STO

RCL

CURRENT/PHASE/MEM
STO
Peak
rms

ES 24000T/36000T

4-12

deg

Ａ

4.3 Advanced Operations

Select a memory address by turning the modify dial. Address 0 is used only for memory
recall, so it cannot be set for the save operation.
CURRENT/PHASE/MEM

Peak
rms

deg

MODIFYDOWN

UP

CURRENT/PHASE/MEM

Peak
rms

Ａ

deg

Ａ

key.

After selecting the desired address for the save operation, press the

The states at this point in time are saved, the lamp goes out, and the setting state ends.
STO

ENTER

ENTER

 Operating procedure: Memory recall
Press thekey. The lamp goes on, a memory address is displayed, and the device

enters the setting state. The output voltage or frequency value stored at that address is thendisplayed, which can help you select the address whose contents are to be recalled.
−MEMORY−STO

VOLTAGERCL

CURRENT/PHASE/MEM

RCL
Peak
rms

Peak
rms

Ｖ

deg

Ａ

Select a memory address by turning the modify dial.
CURRENT/PHASE/MEM

Peak
rms

deg

MODIFYDOWN

UP

CURRENT/PHASE/MEM

Peak
rms

Ａ

After selecting the address whose contents you want to recall, press thedegＡ

key. The

lamp goes out, the memory contents are recalled, a state change occurs, and the setting state
ends.
ENTER

ES 24000T/36000T

RCL

ENTER

4-13

4.3 Advanced Operations

4.3.4 Memory storage and initial settings
Table 4-3

Memory storage and initial settings

Setting
Output mode
Output voltage
Output voltage range
Output frequency
Output on/off
Key lock
Measurement function
Upper voltage limit
Limit values
Upper frequency limit
Lower frequency limit
Line synchronization
Quick voltage Quick-change enable modechange (with QC level A
the frequency QC start phaseunchanged)
QC timeVoltage variation (with a frequency variation)
Transition time
Precision/high-stability mode
Remote sensing AGC
Auto calibration (start)
External input

Memory storage
enabled
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
(*1)

Initial setting(recalled from address 0)AC
0.0V
100-V range
50.00HzOffNo (*2)
Yes
Yes
Yes

300.0V
1100.00Hz
5.00HzOff
Canceled
0.0V
0deg
0.1ms

Yes

0.0ｓ

Yes

Precision modeNo (*2)*1: Output is always turned off during the power-on sequence even if the state of output on isstored at memory address 1. In the case of a recall operation that causes a voltage variation(with a frequency variation), if the settings listed below are different before and after the
memory recall, output is turned off even if the state of output on is stored in memory.
• The values of the following settings before a memory recall must be the same after the
memory recall:・ Output mode AC/DC

4.2.6

Switching between DC and AC output

modes
・ Crest factor function enabled/disabled (If the function is enabled, the CF value must
be the same before and after the memory recall.)・ Line synchronization on/off

4.3.2

Line synchronization

・ Output voltage range 100 V/200 V
4.2.2

Setting the output voltage and output voltage range

・ Precision/high stability
4.5.1

Precision and high stability (setting of compensation mode)• Before and after a memory recall, the quick-change enable mode must not be set.
4.4.1

Quick voltage change (with the frequency unchanged)*2: These setting states are not subject to the memory storage and recall operations.
Switches must be used to specify the settings necessary.

ES 24000T/36000T

4-14

4.3 Advanced Operations！

CAUTION●If settings for a function available only with an option (ES 4474 remote terminal or ES 4473

interface board) are stored in memory, an unpredictable operation may occur during a recall
operation or quick-change operation with the option removed. This is because the contents ofmemory have been left unchanged.
Before using an option such as the remote terminal after it has been used and removed, restoring
the initial state by recalling the contents of address 0 is recommended.
● When the settings are initialized by recalling the contents of address 0, the settings of functions

available only with options (ES 4474 remote terminal and ES 4473 interface board) are initialized
as well as the settings listed on the previous page ( 4-3).
Note that the GPIB address and other settings required for use of the ES 4473 interface board are
initialized at the same time.
Before using these options, read the ES 4474 Remote Terminal/ES 4473 Interface Board Instruction
Manual thoroughly.

ES 24000T/36000T

4-15

4.4 Low-frequency Immunity Tests

4.4 Low-frequency Immunity Tests
Low-frequency immunity tests check the robustness (immunity) of the tested unit against a variety
of abnormal phenomena that occur on power lines, by generating these phenomena quantitatively.
The tests are also called power supply environment tests for which different rules are defined in
the international IEC Standards.
Recently, demand for higher robustness against external abnormalities and noise is increasing, notonly in order to comply with regulations on noise generated from device, which include radiationnoise regulations (FCC, VDE, and VCCI) and harmonics regulations (IEC61000-3-2) but also to
improve device reliability and safety. Low-frequency immunity tests have become indispensable inefforts to meet this demand.
The device can generate the following abnormal power supply phenomena:
Phenomenon

Description

Power supply is momentarily interrupted or its
voltage decreases or increases momentarily
Quick voltage change (with the frequency
before the original voltage is restored within aunchanged)
certain period.
The frequency does not change.
Voltage variation (with a frequency variation)！

The power supply voltage and frequency change
momentarily or within a certain period.
(Either the voltage and frequency change at thesame time or only one of them changes.)

CAUTION● A momentary change in the power supply status is called a “quick change” (QC), such as a quick

voltage change and quick frequency change. In contrast, a change made within a certain period iscalled a “sweep,” such as a voltage sweep and frequency sweep.
The device employs a linear sweep in which values change linearly over time.
The ES 4474 remote terminal and ES 0406E IEC testing software are provided as options for thedevice, and they enable simulation of a variety of abnormal power supply phenomena in addition to
the phenomena described above.

4.7.3

ES 0406E IEC testing software● A quick change and a sweep are performed for three phases at the same time. You cannot set

parameters for each phase.

ES 24000T/36000T

4-16

4.4 Low-frequency Immunity Tests

4.4.1 Quick voltage change (with the frequency unchanged)z The output voltage quick-change function cuts off power, decreases the voltage, or increases

the voltage momentarily, and within a certain period, it restores the voltage state set prior tothis quick change. You can set only phase L1 (U) as the quick-change start phase. Phases L2(V) and L3 (W) change at the same time as phase L1 (U) changes.
z Before testing, set a quick-change voltage, quick-change phase, and quick-change time.

After setting them, set the quick-change enable mode, and start the test by pressing thequick-change start key. The following figure shows the output observed during such a test:

Output(phase L1 (U))

Synchronous signal output(QC SYNC OUT)

＋5V
0V

 Operating procedure: Parameter setting and preparations
Press thekey to turn off the lamp and cancel the quick-change enable mode so that
key is pressed, the mode isquick-change parameters can be set. Each time thealternately set or canceled.
−QUICK CHANGE−
START

ENBL

Pressing theSEL−QUICK CHANGE−
START

ENBL

SEL

key displays the currently set values for three parameters: quick-change

voltage, quick-change time, and quick-change phase.
In the value displayed, one digit is indicated by the cursor. Each time thepressed, the cursor moves to the next parameter in the following sequence:

key isquick-change

voltage (V) → quick-change phase (deg.) → quick-change time (ms) → quick-change voltage→ .… Move the cursor to the parameter you want to set.

ES 24000T/36000T

4-17

4.4 Low-frequency Immunity Tests−QUICK CHANGE−
START

ENBL

−QUICK CHANGE−

SEL

START

ENBL

VOLTAGE

SEL
Peak
rms

−QUICK CHANGE−

ENBL

START

Ｖ

CURRENT/PHASE/MEM ADRS

SEL
Peak
rms

−QUICK CHANGE−
START

ENBL

deg

Ａ

FREQUENCY/TIME/POWER

SEL
PF

kVA

kW

ms

s

Hz

Specify a parameter value by turning the modify dial. You can move the cursor by pressing
the

and

keys.

VOLTAGE

Peakrms

VOLTAGEMODIFY
DOWN

UP
Peak
rms

Ｖ

After setting the parameter, press theＶkey. The basic display state prior to the

key being pressed is restored, and the setting operation ends.
To confirm a set value or to set another parameter value, press thethe setting state.
ENTER

ES 24000T/36000T

SEL

ENTER

4-18

key again to enter4.4 Low-frequency Immunity Tests

 Operating procedure: Performing the test
key to set the quick-change enable mode.

After setting parameter values, press the

The lamp goes on, and the device is ready for the quick-change operation.
−QUICK CHANGE−
START

ENBL

Press theSEL

−QUICK CHANGE−
START

ENBL

SEL

key. The output changes quickly according to the set parameter values.

During the operation, the lamp is on, and after the operation ends, the lamp goes out.
A synchronous signal is output from the QC SYNC OUT terminal at the rear, and it can beused as the trigger signal for the oscilloscope used for observation.
−QUICK CHANGE−
START

ENBL

SEL

−QUICK CHANGE−
START

START

ENBL

SEL

(Quick change inprogress)

To forcibly stop the quick-change operation in progress and restore the original state, press
key. The original output voltage is restored, and the quick-change enable mode istheforcibly canceled.
Even during the operation, output can be turned off by pressing the−QUICK CHANGE−
START

ENBL

SEL

(Quick change in progress)

ES 24000T/36000T−QUICK CHANGE−
START

ENBL

SEL

(Restores voltage to its value measured
prior to start of quick change)

4-19

key.

4.4 Low-frequency Immunity Tests

4.4.2 Voltage variation (with a frequency variation)z The memory function and the transition time setting are used to perform a sweep operation inwhich the output voltage or frequency changes linearly within the set time. If the transition
time is set to 0, a quick-change operation can be performed.

4.3.3

Memoryz Voltage and frequency can be changed independently and at the same time. The following

figure shows an example of output during such an operation.

！

CAUTION• Unlike a quick voltage change (with the frequency unchanged), this operation can change thefrequency but cannot cause a restoration (restoring the value set prior to the quick change).

• More complicated sweep operations (for voltage only) are possible if the optional ES 4474 remoteterminal is used, or an external computer connected via the ES 4473 interface board is used forcontrol.

 Operating procedure: Parameter setting and preparations
Set the output voltage and frequency to the states to be used following a change, and savethese states at any memory address.
See the explanation on how to set values in the memory storage operation.
4.3.3

Memorykey. The lamp goes on, the set transition time is displayed, and the device

Press theenters the setting state.
TRST
TIME

TRST
TIME

Set the transition time by turning the modify dial. To perform a quick change, set 0. To
perform a sweep, set the desired sweep time.
FREQUENCY/TIME/POWERPF

ES 24000T/36000T

kVA

kW

FREQUENCY/TIME/POWER

MODIFY
DOWN

ms

s

UP

Hz

PF

4-20

kVA

kW

ms

s

Hz

4.4 Low-frequency Immunity Tests

key. The lamp goes out, and the setting

After setting the transition time, press thestate ends.
TRST
TIME

ENTER

ENTER

 Operating procedure: Performing the test
Set the output voltage and frequency to their values set prior to the change, then recall thecontents of the address used for the previous memory storage operation.
At the same time as the recall operation, the output starts to change. See the description of
4.3.3

the memory recall method.
ENTER

Memory

RCL

RCL

ENTER

(During transition)

CAUTION！

During a memory recall, the states before and after the memory recall are compared with each other.
Then, if the conditions listed below are not met, a sweep is disabled. To enable a sweep, settings mustbe specified so that the following conditions are satisfied:
Conditions for a sweep• The following settings must be the same before and after a memory recall:・Line synchronization on/off

4.3.2

Line synchronization

・Output voltage range 100 V/200 V
4.2.2

Setting the output voltage and output voltage range

・Output mode AC/DC・Crest factor function enabled/disabled (If the function is enabled, the CF value must be thesame before and after the memory recall.)・Precision/high stability
4.5.1

Precision and high stability (setting of compensation mode)• Before and after a memory recall, the quick-change enable mode must not be set.
4.4.1

Quick voltage change (with the frequency unchanged)

A quick change and a sweep are performed for three phases at the same time.
A common quick-change phase voltage is set for the phases. You cannot set a line-to-line voltage.
A quick-change phase is set for phase L1 (U). Phases L2 (V) and L3 (W) change at the same time asphase L1(U) changes.
You cannot set parameters for each phase separately.

ES 24000T/36000T

4-21

4.5 Obtaining Precise Output

4.5 Obtaining Precise Output
4.5.1 Precision and high stability (setting of compensation mode)z This function switches between high and low levels of compensation sensitivity to keep

output voltage at a constant level without regard to load current and its variations.
z If high sensitivity (precision mode) is set, the high-precision state can be entered in which

variations in output voltage resulted from variations in load current are suppressed. Though apeak current as high as 3.5 times the rated current can be output in this mode, operation to acapacitive load with a large value tends to become unstable.
In contrast, if the sensitivity is set to a low level (high-stability mode), variations in output
voltage become slightly large, but excellent stability for a capacitive load can be obtained.

 Operating procedure
Press thekey to toggle between the modes. When the lamp is on, the precisionmode is set; when off, the high-stability mode is set.

PRCN

PRCN

High-stability mode

Precision mode！

CAUTION

Stability for capacitive loads:
In precision mode the upper limit of capacitive loads for stable operation is about 20 µF; inhigh-stability mode, stable operation is possible for up to about 1000 µF. Depending on the output
voltage and frequency settings, however, an overcurrent may flow, resulting in an overload.

ES 24000T/36000T

4-22

4.5 Obtaining Precise Output

4.5.2 Remote sensing AGC (AC output mode only)z The remote sensing AGC function monitors output voltage at an arbitrarily defined position

away from the main unit (remote sensing) and provides control to keep the voltage constant(AGC). It eliminates voltage drops through the output cable and stabilizes the voltage
between both ends of a load.
z The rear panel has a terminal for connection and a switch for cabling to the detection point,

and the switch is used to set a function. Power must be off when connections are made andwhen switching is performed.
z You can set this function for each of phases L1 (U), L2 (V), and L3 (W).
z AGC is enabled when output voltage on the output terminal of the device is in a range of 50 V

to 300 V.
z When output voltage is changed quickly, the waveform is clipped.
z Load resistance element R, which includes the output cable, and capacitance element C, mustsatisfy the following: RC ≤ 1500 µF･Ω (where C ≤ 1000 µF･Ω and the high-stability mode isset)！

WARNINGThe voltage on the connected terminal is the same as output voltage.
To ensure safety, be sure to turn off power before connecting cables.

！

CAUTION• Connect the terminal to the output detection point securely with a cable with a thickness of 0.3 to1.25 mm. If the connection is broken or the cable becomes damaged during remote sensing AGC,
excessive voltage may be generated in the output, leading to possible damage to the load.
In such cases, the overload state is entered, and the generated overvoltage is lowered to about thenormal voltage level, but the device cannot be recovered from the overload state until the cause of
the abnormality is correct and output is turned off once.

4.2.8

Protection function• Connect the terminal to the output detection point with the correct polarity.
 Operating procedure: Performing the test
Connect the detection cable to the SENS terminal. Connect the cable so that the Hi/Lo
indication on the SENS terminal matches the indication on the output terminal.
To ensure safety, be sure to turn off power before connecting the cable.
AGC
ON

SENS
EXT

OFF

INT

ES 24000T/36000T

Hi

Lo

Slot used for
attachment anddetachment

Cable opening

4-23

Strip off part of the detection cablejacket. Then, while pressing
the attachment/detachment slotwith a flathead screwdriver, insert
the cable into the cable opening.
After inserting the cable, stoppressing with the screwdriver.

4.5 Obtaining Precise Output

Set the SENS INT/EXT switch to EXT.
If remote sensing AGC is not to be used, set the switch to INT.
To ensure safety, set the switch while power is off.
SENS
EXT

SENS
EXT

INT

INT

Set the AGC ON/OFF switch to ON.

If remote sensing AGC is not to be used, set theswitch to OFF. To ensure safety, set the switch while power is off.
AGC
ON

AGC
ON

OFF

OFF

Turn on the device, and confirm that output control works normally.
At three-phasemode
三相モード時For L1(U)相用
L1-phase (U)
Hi

Lo

Hi

L1

ES 24000T/36000T

For
L2-phase (V)
L2(V)相用
Lo

L2

Hi

L3

4-24

For L-3phase (W)
L3(W)相用NLo

4.5 Obtaining Precise Output

 AGC switch and SENS (sensing switching) switch settings
The AGC function detects the average of absolute output voltage values and provides control
to compensate for variations in load and maintain stability at high voltages.
Generally, the voltage between the both ends of a load is monitored and used to compensate
for any voltage drop through the output cable. (This operation in this device is called “remotesensing AGC.”)
The sensing switch function changes the voltage detection point for AGC and themeasurement function between the internal and external points. If EXT is set, and the detection
cable is connected to an external detection point, so-called remote sensing is enabled. Therefore,
the point can also be used as a measurement point without using AGC.
By combining these two functions, you can choose from the following operations:

Sensing

Measurement value
displayed

AGC
OFF

ON

INT

Voltage at internal No AGC operation
detection point(factory set)

Internal detection and
AGC operation

EXT(remote sensing)Voltage at external
No AGC operation
detection point

External detection and
AGC operation

Note: Read the explanation of terms.

ES 24000T/36000T

4-25

8.1 Glossary

4.5 Obtaining Precise Output

4.5.3 Auto calibration (output voltage calibration function)
This function corrects the difference between the output voltage setting value and measurement
value on the basis of the measurement value. As a result, voltage drops through the output cableand decreases in load regulation caused by the load connection can be corrected.

 Operating procedure
Set output voltage to the required voltage.
4.2.2

Setting the output voltage and output voltage range

Suppose that the displayed measurement value is several percent lower than the setting
value when output is turned on with a load connected to output.
4.2.4

Turning output on and off, 4.2.7

Measurement function

DISPLAY MODE

VOLTAGE

SET/
MEAS
Peak
rms

DISPLAY MODE

VOLTAGE

SET

SET/
MEAS

MEAS

Peak
rms

Ｖ

SET
MEAS

Ｖ

key. The lamp blinks, and the correction operation starts.

Press theThe voltage setting value is compared with the measurement value, and a correction
coefficient for adjusting the measurement value to the setting value is obtained.
Note that when the quick-change enable mode is set, the operation cannot be accepted.
4.4.1

Quick voltage change (with the frequency unchanged)

AUTO
CAL

AUTO
CAL

(Blinking during correction)

When the correction coefficient is determined, and the setting value is made to match themeasurement value, the operation ends, and the lamp goes out. The coefficient is stored inmemory supported by an internal backup battery. It is left unchanged until the key is pressedagain.
AUTO
CAL(Blinking during correction)
！

AUTO
CAL

(Goes out after correction)

CAUTION● When the

key is pressed, the correction range is within ±10% of the setting value. If thedifference between the setting value and measurement value is extremely large, or if the correction
operation cannot end within a certain period, the operation ends with the correction coefficient set
to the default value (no correction is made). (A buzzer sounds once when the operation ends.) This
tends to occur more frequently if the output voltage value is relatively low (20 V or less).

● When the quick-change enable mode is set, the operation cannot be accepted. Cancel the mode,

then make the settings again.
4.4.1 Quick voltage change (with the frequency unchanged)

ES 24000T/36000T

4-26

4.6 Using External Signals

4.6 Using External Signals
4.6.1 External input (factory-installed option)z When this option is added, the device can be used as an amplifier (with a gain of 100) with an

external signal input through a terminal on the rear panel.
The input impedance is 100 kΩ (unbalanced), and the input frequency ranges from 5 Hz to1000 Hz.
z Before using the option, set the maximum value of output voltage.
z When external input mode is set, some functions become unavailable.
！

CAUTIONTo prevent failures in the device and load resulting from incorrect operation, read this section
thoroughly before making settings.

 Operating procedure: Switch setting on the rear panel
With power turned off, set the SIGNAL INPUT SEL switch on the rear panel to EXT in
advance. During the power-on sequence, the system detects the switch setting state andoperates in external input mode. All settings stored in memory are reset to initial values. The
voltage and frequency are not displayed on the controller.

 Operating procedure: Setting the allowable output voltage
Before inputting a signal, set the maximum value of output voltage. Set the maximum value
for each output voltage range.
4.2.2

Setting the output voltage and output voltage range

Since you cannot set limit values in external input mode, be sure to specify this setting.
4.3.1

Setting limit values
key to turn off the lamp. Each time thePress thealternately turned on or off.
−QUICK CHANGE−STARTES 24000T/36000T

ENBL

SEL

−QUICK CHANGE−
START

4-27

ENBL

SEL

key is pressed, the lamp is4.6 Using External Signals

key is pressed, the currently set value of the maximum allowable output

When thevoltage is displayed. The displayed voltage is the effective value of the sine wave, and thepeak value is

2 times the displayed voltage.

−QUICK CHANGE−
START

ENBL

−QUICK CHANGE−

SEL

START

ENBL

VOLTAGE

SEL
Peak
rms

Ｖ

Specify the parameter value by turning the modify dial. The cursor can be moved bypressing the

and

keys.

VOLTAGE

Peakrms

VOLTAGEMODIFY
DOWN

UP
Peak
rms

Ｖ

Ｖ

key. The basic display state prior to theAfter setting a value, press the

key

being pressed is restored, and the setting operation ends.
To check the set value, press the

SEL

ENTER

key again to enter the setting state.

ENTER

After ending the parameter value setting operation, press the

key. The lamp

goes on, and the previously set voltage is used as the allowable output voltage.
−QUICK CHANGE−
START

ENBL

SEL

−QUICK CHANGE−
START

ENBL

SEL

 Operating procedure: Signal input
When you have performed operations and made settings as described above, preparations forexternal input are complete. Connect a signal source, and input a signal.
The amplifier gain is 100. Turning the GAIN adjustment changes the gain by ±3%. Gain
adjustment, however, affects not only external input but also internal signals. Therefore, when
you set normal mode again, calibrate with the internal signals before other operations.
6.3 Gain Adjustment

ES 24000T/36000T

4-28

4.6 Using External Signals

Note that when a signal exceeding the previously set value of allowable output voltage is
input, the voltage waveform is clipped at a voltage level as high as

2 times the set voltage,

and this result in waveform distortion.
To cancel the external input mode, turn off the device, and then set the SIGNAL INPUTSEL switch to INT. When you turn on the device again, it detects the switch setting status andrestores operation in normal mode.
！

CAUTION● To prevent the output voltage waveform from being clipped, the input voltage must be within ±4.24

V. To prevent failures in the input section of the device, be careful not to input voltage exceeding±5 V.
● When using the device in external input mode, the following functions and keys, which can be usedin normal mode, cannot be used:
・Output voltage setting (but the output voltage range can be set).
4.2.2

Setting the output voltage and output voltage range
4.2.3 Setting the output frequency

・Output frequency setting
・Limit values

4.3.1

Setting limit values

・Low-frequency immunity test

4.4 Low-frequency Immunity Test

・Auto calibration (output voltage calibration function)
4.5.3

Auto calibration (output voltage calibration function)・Line synchronization

4.3.2

4.3.3

Memory・MemoryLine synchronization● When using the device in normal mode (with no external input used), set the switch to INT.

Even if the switch position is moved while power is on, the operation mode does not change. Be
sure to turn off the device before changing the mode, and then make settings again.
Although the external conductor of the input signal connector is connected to the housing of thedevice, it is insulated from output.
The DC component of output is suppressed when the device operates. DC input prevents the device
from operating normally. Do not input any signal having a DC component.
“GAIN” affects not only the external input but also internal signals. When you restore normalmode, calibrate with the internal signal before using the device.

6.3 Gain Adjustment● When the external input state is set, it applies to all phases. An internal signal cannot be used for aparticular phase. Connect the three-phase external signals to the proper external input terminals.

ES 24000T/36000T

4-29

4.7 Introduction of Other Products of the Same Family, Peripherals, and Options

4.7 Introduction of Other Products of the Same Family,
Peripherals, and Options
The products described below are available as peripherals and options. You can use any of theseproducts to suit your application.

4.7.1 ES 4473 interface board
When connected to the rear panel of the L1-phase (U) cabinet, this interface board allows
you to control the system from an external computer connected through a GPIB or RS-232
interface. Almost all functions provided by the system can be controlled through this device.
In addition, a connector for signal I/O with an external device is provided to make available
the following extended functions:
・VCA (modulation) and ADD (adding superimposition) are performed for output from themain unit by using an external analog signal.
・By using a GPIB or RS-232 interface, 8-bit general-purpose data can be output to an
external device.
・Operation status data of the main unit (e.g., output on/off and overload) can be output toan external device.
Using this device together with the ES 0406E IEC testing software, you can conduct
low-frequency immunity tests that comply with immunity standards. (A personal computer
having a GPIB interface is necessary to run ES 0406E.)

4.7.2 ES 4474 remote terminal
Remote control operations are possible by connecting this remote control terminal to therear panel of the L1-phase (U) cabinet. As a result, the low-frequency immunity test function
can be expanded as well as functions provided by the main unit.
4.4 Low-frequency Immunity Test
For use of this terminal, the ES 4473 interface board is required. If the optical fiber cable
unit is also used, such control is possible from a distance of several dozen meters. (Forinformation on optical fiber cable connection, ask our sales staff.)

ES 24000T/36000T

4-30

4.7 Introduction of Other Products of the Same Family, Peripherals, and Options

4.7.3 ES 0406E IEC testing software
Using this program, you can perform a variety of low-frequency immunity tests (power source
environment simulations) in addition to the power source environment test functions provided bythis device by default.

(ES 0406E IEC testing software) Advanced tests with the use of options
Use of the options allows the following power supply environments to be simulated and thepower supply environment test functions provided by the device to be used:

Table 4-4

Supported standard tests

Standard

Test name

IEC 61000-4-11* 1(1994)＋A1(2000)

Voltage dips, short interruptions and voltage
variations immunity tests

IEC 61000-4-13(2002)

Harmonic combination test flat curve
Harmonic combination test over swing
Sweep in frequency
Individual harmonics test
Interharmonics
Meister curve test

IEC 61000-4-14(1999)＋A1(2001)

Voltage fluctuation test

IEC 61000-4-27* 2(2000)

Unbalance test

IEC 61000-4-28(1999)＋A1(2001)

Variation of power frequency test

IEC 61000-4-29* 2(2000)

Voltage dips, short interruptions and voltage
variations on d.c. input power port

Other tests

Abrupt change in phase and voltage test
Unbalance in single-phase three-wire systems andthree-phase systems test
Arbitrary waveform test

*1:

The As-517 voltage dip simulator manufactured by NF Corporation is required.

*2:

With the ES 0406E IEC testing software, preparatory tests can be performed.

ES 24000T/36000T

4-31

5.
5.1

Specifications

Three-phase Cabinet System...............................................5-1

5.1.1 Output rating .....................................................................................................5-1
5.1.2 AC output ..........................................................................................................5-1
5.1.3 Measurement function .......................................................................................5-4
5.1.4 AGC and remote sensing (AC output mode) .....................................................5-6
5.1.5 Auto calibration (output voltage calibration function) .........................................5-7
5.1.6 Memory function................................................................................................5-7
5.1.7 Limit value setting .............................................................................................5-7
5.1.8 Key lock ............................................................................................................5-7
5.1.9 Low-frequency immunity tests ...........................................................................5-7
5.1.10 Interface board (option) .....................................................................................5-9
5.1.11 External signal input (AC output mode: factory-supplied option) ...................5-10
5.1.12 Power supply input ..........................................................................................5-10
5.1.13 Other information ............................................................................................ 5-11

ES 24000T/36000T

5.1 Three-phase Cabinet System

5.1 Three-phase Cabinet System
5.1.1 Output rating
Unless otherwise noted, the following conditions are assumed:z A rated load (pure resistor load with which the rated power is obtained with the rated output

voltage) is connected.
z Output voltage is the voltage on the output terminal of the three-phase cabinet.
z AGC is set to off, and remote sensing is set to internal mode.

5.1.2 AC output
Three-phase output
Rated output power (*1) (*2) (*4)
Form

ES 24000T
ES 36000T
24kVA
36kVA
4-wire three-phase balanced output (Y-connection),
floating output, neutral phase grounding possible

Terminal: Screw-type clamp terminal blockM6

Output waveform

Sine wave
100Vrms (phase voltage)
200Vrms (phase voltage)
0 to 150Vrms (phase voltage setting)
0 to 300Vrms (phase voltage setting)
0.1Vrms (phase voltage)
80Arms (line current)
120Arms (line current)
40Arms (line current)
60Arms (line current)
Up to 3.5 times effective value
Up to 2.7 times effective value
5Hz to 1100Hz
0.01HzMax. ±1 × 10-4
Max. ±5 × 10-5

100-V range
Rated output voltage
200-V range
Output voltage setting 100-V range
range
200-V range
Output voltage setting resolution
Maximum output current
100-V range(*1) (*2) (*4)
200-V range
Maximum output current
Precision mode
(Peak value) (*3)
High-stability mode
Setting range
Setting resolution
Setting accuracy
Output frequency
StabilityPowerfrequencysynchronization
Three-phase angle (*5)
40Hz to 100Hz
Three-phaseangle
5Hz to 450Hz
accuracy
5Hz to 1000Hz
Precision mode(*5)
Load regulation
High-stability mode
Line regulation (*6)
Output voltage stability (*7)
Load power factor range (*4)
Frequency characteristic
Output voltage waveform distortion rate
Output noise level (*8)
Output offset voltage

ES 24000T/36000T

M10

Enable (synchronization range: 48 Hz to 62 Hz)
120°
Max. ±1°Max. ±2°Max. ±5°Max. ±1%Max. ±1.5%
Max. ±0.2%±100ppm/°C (typ), ±100ppm/8h (typ)0 to 1 (lead or lag)Max. ±1dB (40Hz to 1 kHz, rated output voltage)
Max. 0.5% (rated output voltage)
Max. 300mVrms
Max. ±15mV (DC)5-1

5.1 Three-phase Cabinet System*1:

Output current decreases when the rated output voltage is exceeded, as shown in thefollowing figure:

Output current / max. output current × 100 (%)

Output voltage / rated output voltage × 100 (%)

Figure 5-1*2:

Output voltage vs. output current characteristic

Output current decreases depending on the output frequency, as shown in the following
figure:
120

100
90
80

Output current / max. output current × 100 (%)
60
50
40

20

5

40

500

1000

Output frequency (Hz)Figure 5-2*3:Output frequency vs. output current characteristic

Ratio of the peak value of current flowing to a capacitance input-type rectifier load at a
range of 45 to 70 Hz to the effective value

ES 24000T/36000T

5-2

5.1 Three-phase Cabinet System*4:

Load power factor
PFr is the minimum load power factor allowable for supply of the maximum output
current, and it is obtained from output voltage Vo and output frequency fo as follows:
PFr＝7Vo (fo−5) × 10-7 + 0.75
When output voltage is set with the range as the 200-V range, Vo is 300, and the rms
value is 200 Vrms, and when output voltage is set with the range as the 100-V range, Vo is150, and the rms value is 100 Vrms, PFr is plotted below for the output frequency.

PFr, minimum load
power factor
allowable forsupply of maximum
output current

Output frequency fo (Hz)Figure 5-3

Output frequency vs. minimum load power factor allowable for supply ofthe maximum output current

If the load power factor, PF, is smaller than PFr, the output current that can be supplied
decreases for the maximum output current as follows:
Output current/maximum output current = 93.3 (PF−PFr) + 100 (%)
where output current ≤ Rated value
If PFr is 0.95, 0.85, or 0.75, the output current that can be supplied decreases for the
maximum output current as follows:

Output current/
maximum output current × 100 (%)

Load power factor PF

Figure 5-4

ES 24000T/36000T

Load power factor PF vs. output current

5-3

5.1 Three-phase Cabinet System

The capacitance of a connectable capacitor as the power factor load is restricted to 1000 µF
or less when high-stability mode is set and to 20 µF or less when precision mode is set.
The output current is obtained by multiplying output voltage, frequency, and the decreasecaused by the load power factor.
*5:

For load changes ranging from 0 to 100% at the rated output voltage.
This is applicable in a range of 45 Hz to 100 Hz. This is the voltage on the main output
terminal of the single-phase master, three-phase master, and three-phase slave*6:

For power supply voltage changes ranging from 170 V to 250 V at the rated output voltage*7:

Rated output voltage, no load, one hour after power-on*8:

For output voltage set to 0 V, frequency band of 20 Hz to 100 kHz*9:When the angle of L1-phase (U) is 0°, L2-phase (V) has a lag of 120° and L3-phase (W)has a lag of 240°.

5.1.3 Measurement function
Measurement
Resolution
range
(FS)
Voltmeter (effective value) 480V

0.1V

80A

0.01A

800A

0.1A

480V

0.1V

80A

0.01A

800A

0.1A

2kW

0.1W

20kW

1W

200kW

10W

Ammeter (effective value)
Voltmeter (peak value)
Ammeter (peak value)

Active power meterAC modeaccuracy

Measurement
conditions±1%FS

DC, 40Hz to 1 kHz,
10%FS to 100%FS,
including non-sine
wave

±3%FS

DC, 40Hz to 1 kHz,
10%FS to 100%FS,
sine waves± (1.5%rdg＋0.2%FS)(at power
factor 1)

45Hz to 65Hz sine
waves, voltage of min.
50Vrms,Min.10% of rated
current

Apparent power and power Displayed after having been calculated based on measurements offactorvoltage, current, and effective power

FS:Full scale

rdg:Readingz In a three-phase system, the voltmeter and active power meter specifications apply todisplayed values of phase voltage and phase power.
z In a three-phase system, the values of the total apparent power, active power, and power
factor of the three phases are obtained through calculations and displayed.
z The measurement ranges of the voltmeter (effective value) and ammeter (effective value) areswitched automatically based on the peak value.
z As the peak values of voltage and current, the waveforms on the negative side are detected in
AC output mode (with reference to the output Lo terminal).

ES 24000T/36000T

5-4

5.1 Three-phase Cabinet System

z The measurement range of active power is automatically changed according to the current
peak value.

Measurement range of
wattmeter
Current peak value

20kW

2kW

0A

to

7.3A

to

200kW
77A

to

800A

z The displayed power value in DC output mode is the apparent power VA calculated based on
the effective voltage and current values.

ES 24000T/36000T

5-5

5.1 Three-phase Cabinet System

5.1.4 AGC and remote sensing (AC output mode)Use of the AGC function and sensing switching enables the operations listed below.
In DC output mode, the AGC function does not work regardless of the switch setting.

 AGC function
This function reduces output voltage variations. Variations in voltage at a sensing point are
reduced.

 Remote sensing AGC (AGC set to on, sensing set to external mode)
If the AGC sensing point is changed to an external point, and voltage on the load terminal ismonitored, remote sensing AGC compensates for voltage drops caused by the output cable.

 Sensing switching
The AGC sensing point, which can also be used as the voltage measurement point of themeasurement function, can be switched.
AGC

Measurement value

Sensing

displayed

OFF

ON

INT

Voltage at internal detection No AGC operation
point(factory set)

Internal detection and AGC
operation

EXT(Remote sensing)Voltage at external detection
No AGC operation
point

External detection and
AGC operation(Remote sensing AGC)

 Output rating when remote sensing AGC is used
RatingLoad regulation
Frequency characteristic

Conditions±0.2%

5Hz to 400Hz±0.3%

400Hz to 1 kHz±0.05dB

40Hz to 1 kHz

At sensing input terminal
At sensing input terminal,
with no load

Voltage waveform distortion Max. 0.5%

40Hz to 1 kHz

rates

Max. 1%

5Hz to 40Hz

Max. 50ms

At output voltage of 100 V

Max. 25ms

At output voltage of 200 V

Response time
Compensation range of
output cable voltage drop

At rated output voltage
on output terminal

Up to 5% of voltage or 10 V, whichever is smallerz Output cable resistance R and load capacity C must satisfy the following:

RC ≤1500 [µF•Ω] (where C≤1000 µF in high-stability mode)z Output voltage must be in a range of 50 to 300 V. The load must be a pure resistor.
z When output is changed quickly, the waveform is clipped.

ES 24000T/36000T

5-6

5.1 Three-phase Cabinet System

5.1.5 Auto calibration (output voltage calibration function)
This function calibrates AC output voltage. The function corrects output voltage so that theoutput voltage measured by the measurement function (voltage at the sensing point) equals the AC
output voltage setting.
Correction range±10% (Difference between setting and measurement value)

Correction accuracy±1%FS (at 40 Hz to 1 kHz, Min. 50 V)

5.1.6 Memory function
This function can store 120 sets of settings specified from the controller except those made withthe measurement function (memory addresses 1 to 120). Immediately after power is turned on, thesettings stored at memory address 1 are assumed.
When the optional ES 4473 interface board is installed, the GPIB and RS-232 parameters are
not stored at the above memory locations but at other locations.

5.1.7 Limit value setting
The upper and lower limits of the output frequency and the upper limit of output voltage can be
set. The setting range and setting resolution are the same as those for normal frequency andvoltage settings.

5.1.8 Key lockThe key lock switch can be set so as to prevent operations from the controller from being
accepted.

5.1.9 Low-frequency immunity tests
Low-frequency immunity tests can be performed with the quick voltage change (with thefrequency unchanged) and voltage variation (with a frequency variation) functions.

 Quick voltage change (with the frequency unchanged) function
Parameters that can be set or controlled
VSTR：Start level

TQ1：QC time

VA ：QC levelθES 24000T/36000T：QC start phase5-7

5.1 Three-phase Cabinet System

QC time
QC start phase

Setting range

Setting resolution

0.1ms to 6s

0.1ms

6s to 60s

1ms

60s to 600s

10ms

0°to 360°

1°

Accuracy±(0.2 ms + setting value × 10- 4)

The start level and QC level setting ranges must be within the output voltage setting range.

VSTR

VA

θ

TQ1

 Voltage variation (with a frequency variation) function
Parameters that can be set or controlled
During the voltage variation (with a frequency variation)
VSTR: Start level

TA: Transition time

VSTP: End level

fSTP: End frequency

Transition time

Setting range

Setting resolution

0 to 99.9s

0.1s

fSTR: Start frequency

Accuracy±0.1s

The start level, end level, and start frequency setting range must be within the output voltage
setting range.

TA

VSTP ,fSTP

VSTR ,fSTR

ES 24000T/36000T

5-8

5.1 Three-phase Cabinet System

5.1.10 Interface board (option)
If the optional ES 4473 interface board is installed, the general-purpose interface bus (GPIB),
which is used by most measuring devices, and RS-232 communication interface can be used.
Using the board together with the ES 0406E IEC testing software facilitates low-frequency EMC
testing.
In addition, output voltage can have an added analog signal (ADD), and control of the output
voltage amplitude (VCA) is possible with the control voltage signal.

 General-purpose interface
Select and use one of the following interfaces:

・GPIB:

IEEE-STD-488.1-1987 compliant

・RS-232:

JIS-C-6361 compliant

 External analog control input
Addition input (ADD)
Input impedance

20kΩ unbalanced

Addition frequency range

10Hz to 1 kHz

Addition sensitivity

10%/V

Polarity

I/O in phase

Input terminal

CONTROL SIGNAL connector (D-sub) on rear panel

Amplitude modulation input (VCA)
Input impedance

20kΩ unbalanced

Modulation frequency
range

DC to 100Hz

Modulation sensitivity

10%/V

Polarity

Output voltage is increased by positive input increases anddecreased by negative input.

Input terminal

CONTROL SIGNAL connector (D-sub) on rear panel

ES 24000T/36000T

5-9

5.1 Three-phase Cabinet System

5.1.11 External signal input (AC output mode:
option)factory-supplied

If this option is specified, the following external signal can be input in AC output mode:
Input impedance

100kΩ (unbalanced)

Input frequency range

5Hz to 1 kHz

Maximum input voltage

±5V

Gain

100

Terminal

BNC connector on rear panel

Switching method

After the switch on the rear panel is set to EXT, the switch
setting becomes valid only when power is turned on.

5.1.12 Power supply input
Voltage range

Three-phase 170Vrms to 220Vrms

Frequency range

48Hz to 62Hz

Power factor

Min. 0.9 (0.97 typ at rated output)

Terminal

Screw clamp terminal block* Protective ground terminal provided

Cabinet configuration, power consumption
Three-phase/single-phase
ES 24000T
outputCabinet configuration

Power consumption

S3 pcs.

S (each):Approx. 45.6kVA
Approx.15.2kVA

L: L-shape cabinet, S: S-shape cabinet

ES 24000T/36000T

ES 36000T

5-10

L3 pcs.

L (each):Approx. 68.4kVA
Approx. 22.8kVA

5.1 Three-phase Cabinet System

5.1.13 Other information
 Temperature and humidity ranges
Guaranteed+5°C to +35°C

No condensation

performance
Guaranteed

0°C to +40°C

operation
Storage

5% to 80%RH, where absolute humidity is 1 to 25g/m3
5% to 80%RH, where absolute humidity is 1 to 25g/m3
No condensation-10°C to +50°C

conditions

5% to 95%RH, where absolute humidity is 1 to 29g/m3
No condensation

 Insulation resistance
Chassis and all power supply inputs to output, and chassis and all outputs to power supply input
Three-phase/single-phase
ES 24000T
ES 36000T
outputInsulation resistance(DC500V)

S (each): Min. 2.5MΩ

L (each): Min. 1.6MΩ

L: L-shape cabinet, S: S-shape cabinet

 Withstand voltage
AC1500Vrms/one minute (50/60Hz): Chassis and all power supply inputs to output, andchassis and all outputs to power supply input External dimensions
L-shape cabinet
790mm (width) × 1559mm (height) × 900mm (depth)(protrusions not included)

S-shape cabinet
570mm (width) × 1559mm (height) × 900mm (depth)(protrusions not included)

 Weight
Three-phase/single-phase
outputWeightES 24000T

ES 36000T

S (each): Approx. 250kg

L (each): Approx. 370kg

L: L-shape cabinet, S: S-shape cabinet

ES 24000T/36000T

5-11

5.1 Three-phase Cabinet System

 Installation
Install the device at a location that satisfies the following conditions:• Indoor area not exposed to direct sunlight• Environment whose temperature and humidity are within the rated values
Note:

There must be no condensation.

• Area with little dust
• Place at which corrosive, explosive, or flammable gas is not present• Place at which the device not likely to come in contact with fire or water• Area with enough space so that the front and rear of the device are at least 50 cm apart fromwalls and other objects that could obstruct the vents and reduce the effect of cooling air(This system uses a fan for forced air cooling. If air flow is obstructed, the device cantherefore not be used within the temperature range of guaranteed operation.) Standard data

100 V denotes the 100-V range, and 200 V denotes the 200-V range.
SIG SELECT is set to INT, with a rated load.

Figure 5-5

ES 24000T/36000T

Output voltage vs. frequency characteristic

5-12

5.1 Three-phase Cabinet System

100 V denotes the 100-V range, and 200 V denotes the 200-V range.
SIG SELECT is set to INT, with a rated load.

Figure 5-6

Total harmonic distortion rate vs. frequency characteristic

100 V denotes the 100-V range, and 200 V denotes the 200-V range.
SIG SELECT is set to INT, with a rated load.

Figure 5-7

ES 24000T/36000T

Load regulation vs. frequency characteristic

5-13

6.

Maintenance

6.1

Cleaning the Air Filter...........................................................6-1

6.2

Backup Battery.....................................................................6-1

6.3

Gain Adjustment...................................................................6-2

6.4

Operation Checks ................................................................6-3

6.4.1 Check method ...................................................................................................6-3

ES 24000T/36000T

6.1 Cleaning the Air Filter

6.1 Cleaning the Air Filter
Dust that enters and sticks to the device absorbs water from air, possibly leading to the rustingof metal inside and degraded insulation performance. These effects may have negative
consequences on the high-voltage parts inside the device.
For this reason, the intake vent in the front section is equipped with an air filter to remove dust
from air flowing through the vent.
If dirt sticking to the filter is not removed, the filter becomes clogged, which causes poor
ventilation and results in a higher internal temperature, which can cause reliability to deteriorate.
Therefore, clean the filter carefully with water to remove dirt. Before installing the filter again,
allow the filter to dry completely.
The filter alone, however, does not have an adequate effect, because its reliability deteriorates
from very fine dust (impalpable powder) in the air, and when the filter becomes clogged.
Therefore, it is strongly suggested that the device be installed at a place that does not have asignificant amount of dust (including impalpable powder), a high level of humidity in whichcondensation forms easily, or corrosive, explosive, or flammable gas.

6.2 Backup Battery
The contents of memory (4.3.3

Memory) and other necessary parameters and data areprotected with a vanadium-lithium (VL) secondary battery included in the ES 2000U three-phasemaster.
The battery is completely discharged immediately at the time of shipment from the factory. It isfully charged after the device has been powered for 50 hours.
After that, the battery can be kept fully charged if the device is powered for at least 20 hours
per week.
When the battery is fully charged, it can provide backup power to the internal storage device forabout 60 days, but this period varies from battery to battery and depends on the ambient
temperature.
A degraded battery can serve as a backup power source for a shorter period, but if the battery
can no longer serve this function for practical length of time, NF Corporation will replace it.
Contact us or one of our agents.
If the device is stored for six months or longer without receiving power, the battery service life
is shortened. Therefore, it is recommended that the device be turned on occasionally.
Each time the device is turned on, it checks the consistency of the backup data. If any part ofthe backup data is destroyed, the device displays an error message (and resets all the data to the default state. (ES 24000T/36000T

4.3.4

6-1

7.1 Error Messages)

Memory storage and initial settings)

6.3 Gain Adjustment

6.3 Gain Adjustment
The voltage gain of the internal power amplifier can be adjusted from the rear panel.
2.3 Rear Panel (Common in all models)This section describes how to adjust the gain of the internal amplifier by using the measurement
function of this device. To adjust the gain, follow the procedure below.

（1） If the external signal input option has been added, cancel external input. Set
the SEL switch to INT.

（2） Turn on the device. Set the output voltage range to 200 V and output voltage to 0 V. Output
must not be turned on.

（3） Press the

key. The system performs auto calibration, which ends with the sounding ofa buzzer.
(This operation resets the correction constant stored in internal memory.)（4） Set output voltage to 300.0 V. Output must not be turned on.
（5） Press the

key to set the display mode to the mode fordisplaying measurement values.

（6） Press the

DISPLAY MODE
SET/
MEAS

SET
MEAS

key, which displays the phase voltage of each phase sequentially, and adjust

the gain of each cabinet to obtain 300.0 V as the voltage measurement.
When the auto calibration function is used, output voltage is automatically corrected by themeasurement function of the device, so the adjustment procedure described here is not normallyrequired.

4.5.3

Auto calibration (output voltage calibration function)

However, this adjustment mechanism affects both signals from the internal signal generator andsignals input externally. When the normal internal signal mode is restored with external input aftergain is adjusted, a re-adjustment operation is required.
4.6.1

External input (factory-installed option)

ES 24000T/36000T

6-2

6.4 Operation Checks

6.4 Operation Checks
Using the methods of checking operation explained in this section, users can easily check
operation without opening the device.
For a load test, a power resistor having a capacity corresponding to the maximum power suppliedby the system must be used as the load. If preparing such a load is too difficult, perform only a
no-load test. This can check basic operation of the device.
In cases where each unit must be inspected separately, where load tests are required, or where an
inspection shows the necessity of calibration or repair, contact us or one of our agents.
If you do not understand an operation, see detailed operation information on the page indicated by
the relevant

reference.

6.4.1 Check method Necessary instrumentsz AC voltmeter, AC ammeter:2014 (YOKOGAWA ELECTRIC) or equivalent
Note: Voltage and current are measured in the range from 50
Hz to 60 Hz.

z Oscilloscope:

2445B (Tektronixs) or equivalent
Note: With a bandwidth of approximately 100 MHz and acursor measurement function, observe the phase shift
between phases in the range from 50 Hz to 60 Hz.

 Settings for checks
z If external input mode is set, change the mode to the internal mode.

4.6.1

External input (factory-installed option)z Turn off the AGC function, and set sensing to internal sensing. (Cancel remote sensing AGC.)

4.5.2

Remote sensing AGC (AC output mode only)z Set the output frequency to 50 Hz or 60 Hz.

4.2.3

Setting the output frequency

z Set the compensation mode to precision mode.

4.5.1

Precision and high stability (setting of compensation mode)z Cancel the quick-change enable mode.

4.4.1

ES 24000T/36000T

Quick voltage change (with the frequency unchanged)

6-3

6.4 Operation Checks

 Check methodz Before connecting a load or measuring instrument to output, turn off output.

4.2.4

Turning output on and off

z Set output voltage to 100 V.

4.2.2

Setting the output voltage and output voltage range

z The system performs auto calibration.

4.5.3

Auto calibration (output voltage calibration function)z Using the measurement function, measure the output voltage for each phase, and check to

confirm that each measurement value is within ±0.3% (standard value) of the setting value.
4.2.7

Measurement function

z Set output voltage to 200 V, and repeat the steps for checking.
z Use the neutral phase as a reference, and observe the voltage of each of phases L (U)(three-phase master), L2 (V) (three-phase slave), and L3 (W) (three-phase slave) by using anoscilloscope. With the waveform of phase L1 (U) as the base for comparison, confirm that the
waveform of phase L2 (V) has a lag of 120° and the waveform of phase L3 (W) has a lag of
240° (which indicates that the three phases are balanced).

ES 24000T/36000T

6-4

7.

Troubleshooting

7.1

Error Messages....................................................................7-1

7.2

When an Error Seems to Have Occurred.............................7-2

ES 24000T/36000T

7.1 Error Messages

7.1 Error Messages
When turned on, this device checks system connections and the system configuration. If an
abnormality is found, the device indicates an error on the controller. The value displayed following
the “ERR” indication denotes the error.
Descriptions of errors, and the device response, and the appropriate action that users should takefor each error indicated are listed below.
Not every indicated error leads to a serious problem if left as is. However, if an error is indicated,turn off power to the device and check the relevant parts individually.
Example of indicated error
CURRENT/PHASE/MEM ADRSVOLTAGE

Peak
rms

Ｖ

Peak
rms

deg

Indicates that an error occurred (Err).

Error indicationＡ

FREQUENCY/TIME/POWER

PF

kVA

kW

ms

s

Hz

Indicates the type of error that occurred.
(See the table below.)

Cause
Necessary response or explanation
Contents of internal A component may be defective.
Check the indicated error, and contact us or one of our
ROM were destroyed.
agents.
Aninternal
RAM Operation stops when this is displayed, and it remains
operation check found an displayed until the device is turned off.
error.

Part or all of data inmemory supported by
the internal backup
battery was lost.

If this error occurs, the error is indicated for 2 seconds
before all stored data is reset to default values andnormal operation starts.
4.3.4 Memory storage and initial settings
This error may occur when the device has remained
powered off for a long time. If this error occurs
frequently, the battery characteristic of the backup
battery may have deteriorated.
6.2 Backup Battery

Is
power
being
suppliedtobothconnected three-phaseslaves?

ES 24000T/36000T

Remove the front cover to check that all breakers in the
power supply unit are ON. If the breakers are OFF, turnthem ON and re-turn ON the power.
If this remains displayed after the above operation, afailure may have occurred in the internal signal transfer
path.
Check the indicated error, and contact us or one of ouragents.

7-1

7.2 When an Error Seems to Have Occurred

7.2 When an Error Seems to Have Occurred
If you believe an error occurred during use of the device, see the table below to check whether theobserved device behavior is really an error and whether the operating procedure, method of use, andcable connections are correct.
If your situation is not covered by the descriptions below, there could be danger from a secondary
failure if a failure did occur. In such cases, contact us or one of our agents, and do not turn on thedevice.

■ Behavior observed during power-on or power-off
Behavior
When the power switch isturned off during operation,
the device does not stop
operating immediately.
Operation stops after fiveseconds.

Cause or condition
The relevant capacitor in aninternal circuit has a large
capacitance and is being
discharged.

Appropriate action and explanation
This is not abnormal.
Before turning on the switch to
power on again, wait for 10
seconds.

Even if the power switch isturned on, it takes a few
seconds to activate thedevice.

Did this phenomenon occur
immediately after turning off
and on the power?
The relevant capacitor in aninternal circuit has a large
capacitance and is being
discharged.

This is not abnormal.
The device is to be turned ON in 10
seconds.

Turning on the power Is power definitely being
switch does not start supplied?
operation at all.
Did this phenomenon occur
immediately after turning off
and on the power?

Check whether power is definitely
being supplied.
Wait for 10 seconds and turn ON thepower switch. Potential failure may beconcerned if the device does not go
into action after 10 seconds or longer.

■ Behavior related to the output voltage setting and voltage range setting
Behavior
Cause or condition
Appropriate action and explanation
The voltage range cannot Does output voltage or the QC Set them to 150 V or less.
be changed from 200 V to voltage setting exceed 150 V?
100 V.
VOLTAGEOUTPUT RANGE

100V/
200V

100V
200V

Peak
rms

Output voltage cannot be set. Is external input set?

ES 24000T/36000T

7-2

Cancel external input, and set
normal mode.
4.6.1 External input(factory-installed option)Ｖ7.2 When an Error Seems to Have Occurred■ Behavior related to frequency settings
Behavior
Cause or condition
Appropriate action and explanation
The output frequency can Is line synchronization turned Before setting it, turn off line
not be set.
on?
synchronization.
4.3.2 Line synchronization−ENTRY−LINESYNC

VOLT FREQ

LINE
SYNC

Is external input set?

Line synchronization can Is the upper frequency limit
not be set.
value less than 55 Hz, and is
the lower limit value greaterthan 55 Hz?
LINE
SYNC

−LIMIT−SEL

Set the upper and lower frequency
limits so they define a range that
includes 55 Hz. (Set the upper limit
to 55 Hz or higher and the lower
limit to 55 Hz or lower.)
4.3.1 Setting limit values

UPR LWR

Is external input set?

Line synchronization
cannot be set. Alternatively,line synchronization cannot
be canceled.

Cancel external input, and set
normal mode.
4.6.1 External input(factory-installed option)

Is output set to on?

Cancel external input, and set
normal mode.
4.6.1 External input(factory-installed option)
Setting and cancellation are notpossible unless output is turned
off.
4.2.4 Turning output on
and off

LINE
SYNC

OUTPUTOFF

ES 24000T/36000T

ON

OFF/ON

7-3

OUTPUT
OFF

ON

OFF/ON

7.2 When an Error Seems to Have Occurred■ Behavior related to overload (4.2.8 Protection function)

Behavior
Cause or condition
The overload lamp goes Has the overload stateon.
entered?
OVERLOAD

Appropriate action and explanation
been Check the load, and use the load
within the relevant rating.

Has the device been turned off?

This is not abnormal.

Has the device been turned on?
Output voltage increased suddenly.
Output was turned on.
A QC operation started or ended.

If the lamp is on for a short time,
this is not abnormal.

The voltage range was changed.
Was the output voltage waveform
clipped because of an excessive
input signal? Check whether the
input signal value is appropriate.
This occurs at the time of external Confirm that values are 3.00 Vrms
input.
and 4.24 Vp or less.

Is the AGC switch set to
on?

AGC
ON

Confirm that the compensation
range (up to 5% of output voltage or
10 V, whichever is smaller) has been
exceeded.

OFF

Is the SENS switch set
to EXT?

SENS
EXT

Confirm that the sensing cable issecurely and correctly connected.
INT

Are the three-phase slave andbooster ON?

ES 24000T/36000T

7-4

Remove the front cover to checkthat all breakers in the power supply
unit are ON.
If the breakers are OFF, turn themON and re-turn ON the power.
Potential failure may be concerned
if the breakers are turned OFF
again. Contact us or one of ouragents.

7.2 When an Error Seems to Have Occurred■ Behavior related to the measurement function
Behavior
Cause or condition
Switching between the Is DISPLAY MODE set to SET?
effective value and peakvalue is not possible.
DISPLAY MODE

Peak/
rms

SET/
MEAS

SET
MEAS

Appropriate action and explanation
Before attempting switching, set
MEAS.
4.2.7 Measurement
functionDISPLAY MODE
SET/
MEAS

SET
MEAS

Measurement
phase Is power being supplied to both Turn off the master, turn on theswitching for MEASURE three-phase slaves?
power switches of both three-phase
is not possible.
slaves, and then turn on the masteragain.
L1/
L2/L3

POWER

■ Behavior related to auto calibration
Behavior
Cause or condition
Auto calibration cannot be Is the frequency less than 40 Hz?
performed.
AUTO
CAL

Is the quick-change enable mode Cancel the enable mode so that auto
set?
calibration can be performed.
4.4.1 Quick voltage−QUICK CHANGE−
change (with the frequency
unchanged)
START

ENBL

SEL

Is external input set?

ES 24000T/36000T

Appropriate action and explanation
Set the frequency to 40 Hz or higher sothat auto calibration can be performed.

Cancel external input, and set
normal mode.
4.6.1 External input(factory-installed option)

7-5

7.2 When an Error Seems to Have Occurred■ Behavior related to quick voltage changes (QC: Quick change) [1]
Behavior
Cause or condition
Appropriate action and explanation
Operations
withthe Is the quick-change enable mode Before attempting this operation,quick-change
parameter set?
cancel the enable mode.
setting key cannot be
4.4.1 Quick voltage change
accepted.
(with the frequency unchanged)−QUICK CHANGE−
START

ENBL

SEL

A quick change cannot start.
−QUICK CHANGE−
START

ENBL

SEL

ENBL

ENBL

Is the quick-change enable mode The operation cannot start unless theset?
enable mode is set.
4.4.1 Quick voltagechange (with the frequency
unchanged)
ENBL

ENBL

After a quick change Haveyou
performed
thestarts, the change is made operations
madenecessary
more than once.
because the ES 4474 remoteterminal or ES 4473 interface
board was connected? If either ofthese options was used, itscorresponding mode may be set.
Consequently, a setting defined
during a previous operation may
remain.
4.7.2
terminal
4.7.1
board

To interrupt execution, cancel the
enable mode while the operation isin progress.
Also, re-connect the aforementioned
option to check the settings, orrecall values from memory address
0, reset all settings to their initialstates, and specify settings again.

4.4.1 Quick voltagechange (with the frequency
ES 4474 remote unchanged)

4.7.1 ES 4473 interface
ES 4473 interface board and 4.7.2 ES 4474
remote terminal
4.3.3

ES 24000T/36000T

7-6

Memory7.2 When an Error Seems to Have Occurred■ Behavior related to quick voltage changes (QC: Quick change) [2]
Behavior
When a quick change ismade to increase voltage,a distortion was observedin the output voltage
waveform immediately
after the start of the quickchange.

Cause or condition
The quick change started
immediately after thequick-change enable mode wasset.

Appropriate action and explanation
Set the enable mode, wait 1 to 2
seconds, and then start the operation.
4.4.1 Quick voltage change(with the frequency unchanged)

Is the AGC switch set
to ON?

For a quick voltagechange, turn off theswitch so that the AGC
function is not used.
4.5.2

AGC
ON

OFF

Remote sensing AGC(AC output mode only)

AGC
ON

OFF

■ Other unusual behavior
Behavior
When external input is used,a sudden increase in thesignal level from 0 V causes
distortion of the output
voltage waveform for a shorttime.

Cause or condition
Appropriate action and explanation
Is the allowable output voltage Set the allowable output voltage.
set?
4.6.1 External input(factory-installed option)
Is the AGC switch set to
ON?

AGC
ON

OFF

ES 24000T/36000T

7-7

Turn off the switch sothat the AGC function is
not used.
4.5.2
Remote sensing AGC(AC output mode only)

AGC
ON

OFF

8.
8.1

Supplementary Information

Glossary...............................................................................8-1

ES 24000T/36000T

8.1 Glossary

8.1 GlossaryTerm
AC power supply
AC regulator

Description
Although commercial AC power supplies are widely used in a variety ofdevices that receive power fed through distribution panels and wall outlets via
substations from electric power companies' power plants, AC voltages andwaveforms from these power supplies are distorted by the effect of the
impedances and loads of feeders.
At the same time, demand for improved reliability in such commercial
power supplies is growing as the quantification of electronic devices and theirprecision increases.
One solution to this problem is to regulate power at the receiving end. The
conventional methods are use of a saturable reactor and servo-control of aslide regulator. However, these methods have two significant disadvantages:
slow response speeds and waveforms that cannot be improved. Both methods
are no longer considered practical. Other methods using electronic circuits arebeing devised and implemented.
This device uses the power amplifier method. By using a built-in signal
generator, the device can supply stable AC voltage with low distortion, and it
can generate a variety of abnormal phenomena that may occur on commercial
power lines so that the effect of loads can be simulated for low-frequency
immunity tests.

Low-frequency
immunity test

A variety of abnormal phenomena that occur on commercial power lines
can be generated quantitatively to test the robustness of the tested unit against
the phenomena.
Robustness against external abnormalities and noise is tested in order toimprove device reliability and safety rather than determine compliance withconventional regulations on noise generated from devices. Examples of such
regulations are regulations on radiation noise in conductors (CISPR, FCC,
VDE, and VCCI) and harmonics regulations (IEC61000-3-2).
In the IEC international standards, this type of test is called an “Immunity
test for low-frequency conducted disturbances,” and its rules are prescribed in
the IEC61000 series of Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) standards.
Since 1996, devices exported to the EU have been subject to compulsory
testing; safety tests called CE Marking (based on directives on low voltage
and EMC) must be performed on the devices. The sale of any product withouta CE mark, which indicates compliance with the relevant standards, is not
permitted.

ES 24000T/36000T

8-1

8.1 Glossary

TermHarmonics
regulations

QC (Quick Change)

Description
A wide variety of devices, from household appliances to industrial device,already use switching power supplies. Capacitor input-type rectifier circuits
are ordinarily used in the power input sections of these devices because suchcircuits are simple and inexpensive. The greatest drawbacks of this type ofcircuit are that it largely distorts the power supply input current and that thecurrent contains a lot of harmonics.
If a large amount of current from such a source flows into a power supply
line, voltage is distorted, possibly causing a device malfunction or atransformer to become excessively hot, either of which could lead to
accidents.
To prevent this problem, groups have been formed to promote quantitative
measurement of harmonics in the input current of devices and to place
restrictions related to the properties of these components.
In the latter half of the 1970s, a movement to promote standardization
started, initiated mainly by groups in European countries. In 1982, theIEC555-2 international standard was released.
In 1992, the standard was included in the IEC1000 series of EMC
standards, and its name was changed to IEC1000-3-2. The standard was later
revised into IEC61000-3-2. Like low-frequency immunity tests, it has been
included since 1996 in directives on EMC in CE Marking.
Based on these standards, the “Guideline for suppressing harmonics inhousehold, electrical, and general-purpose appliances” was issued under the
management of the Agency for Natural Resources and Energy in Japan in
September 1994. Individual industries in Japan have started to adopt theguideline and comply with these voluntary restrictions.
Instantaneous change of the power supply status

Quick change
A quick change in voltage is called a “quick voltage change,” and a quick
Quick voltage change change in frequency is called a “quick frequency change.” This product canQuickfrequency generate both types of changes.
changeQuick phase change

Similarly, a quick change in phase is called a “quick phase change,” which
may occur during system switching in a commercial power supply. It can begenerated when this product is used with the optional ES 0406E IEC testing
software.

Sweep
Voltage sweep
Frequency sweep

A sweep is a power supply status change made within a certain period (notinstantaneously).
A linear change in time is called a “linear sweep,” and a logarithmic change
is called a “log sweep.”This device can perform linear sweep operations for both voltage andfrequency.

Load regulation

Output voltage variations can be caused by load status changes. Generally,
the percentage (%) of voltage variation observed when a load is connected tovoltage under no load (no load is connected) is displayed.

Line regulation

Output voltage variations can be caused by variations in power supply input
voltage. In this device, a variation in output voltage (at rated output)
compared to a variation in input voltage (170 V to 220 V) is displayed as apercentage (%) and defined as a rating.

ES 24000T/36000T

8-2

8.1 Glossary

TermApparent power
Active power
Power factor

Description
When power is supplied from an AC power supply to a load, themultiplication of the absolute values of the load current denoted as IL and thevoltage denoted as VL (IL and VL are both effective values) is expressed as|IL|･|VL|. It is called apparent power and displayed in [VA].
Of power supplied from a power supply, active power can be expressed asfollows:v(iL·and vL are instantaneous values.)

Active power is displayed in [W].
The ratio of “Active power/Apparent power” ([W]/[VA]) is the power
factor. In other words, apparent power is power that the AC power supply is
supposed to supply, active power is the amount of energy used by the load,
and the power factor is the percentage of supplied power used in the load.
This product obtains values for detected iL, vL, IL, and VL by performing
calculations equivalent to those explained above.
Stability forcapacitive load

In a AC power supply consisting of a power amplifier similar to this device,feedback is generated using an electronic circuit to compensate for output
voltage changes caused by load variations. If an excessively large capacitive
load is connected, the stability of the feedback circuit deteriorates, which canlead to abnormal phenomena such as oscillation.
To prevent this problem, this device provides a feedback circuit compensation
mode that can be set when a large capacitive load must be connected.
In precision mode, which provides high precision, robustness against acapacitive load is about 20 µF; and in high-stability mode, which places anemphasis on stability, a capacitive load of up to 1000 µF can be connected.

Remote sensing

If the cable connecting the output terminal of an AC power supply to a load
becomes longer, the impedance of the cable for the load becomes moresignificant, since a voltage drop is generated between output voltage and load
voltage.
When long cables are used, a sensing cable in addition to the power supply
cable is connected to monitor voltage at the load end. This method is
generally called “remote sensing.”
This product allows you to select either an external voltage detection pointor an internal voltage detection point. If the external point is selected, “remotesensing” mode is entered, and voltage detection input from the load end ispossible during the operations of the measurement function and the AGC
function described below.

AGC

ES 24000T/36000T

After detection of an envelope of the absolute values of AC output voltage,
the average value (DC value) is used to control the output voltage.
Because the control uses a DC value, high voltage stability along with highprecision can be maintained. Also, during detection by remote sensing, thedetection operation is less susceptible to the influence of AC elements (e.g.,
impedance) from the sensing cable.

8-3

8.1 Glossary

Term

Description
Most of the switching power supplies in many household appliances andCapacitor input-typeindustrial device use a capacitor input-type rectifier in their power supply
load
input section, because this type of rectifier is a simple and inexpensive circuit.
The power supply input current in devices with such circuits havewaveforms in which current flows only near the peak values of a given sine
wave voltage. Not only do the resulting currents contain many harmonics
components (see “Harmonics regulations”) but the ratio of peak value toeffective value (crest factor or CF value) can become as large as 1.5 times totwice that of a linear load (CF = 1.41).
To supply such loads with low-distortion voltage, this product is designed
so that it can supply current for a CF value of up to 3.5 (equivalent to 70 Ap)(per unit, with a 100-V range, in precision mode).
Iin

Vin

Vin
Iin

Capacitor input-type load model

GPIB and RS-232

GPIB (general purpose interface bus) is an interface specification thatdefines hardware and protocols for data transfer, and it is generally and widelyused for controlling measuring instruments.
Devices with this interface can be connected in a daisy-chain using GPIB
cables, so multiple devices can be connected to a single interface connector ofa controller (a personal computer is usually used), and an automatic
measurement system can be easily configured.
RS-232, adopted by the Electrical Industries Association (EIA) in the U.S.,
is a hardware specification for a serial data transfer interface.
Although the latest specification is EIA-232-F, the specification for thisdevice is called RS-232 because both specifications have the same basic
specifications and because the name RS-232 is more common. Unlike GPIB,
this interface is equipped as standard in almost all personal computers, making
it so convenient that only a cable need be prepared for a connection across a
distance of several dozen meters. The interface, however, has the disadvantagesof low data transfer speed and requiring as many interface connectors as thenumber of devices to be connected. Therefore, it is considered unsuitable forcomplicated system configurations.
This product has the optional ES 4473 interface board, which is equippedwith both types of interfaces so that users can select either one after
considering their advantages and disadvantages.

ES 24000T/36000T

8-4

ーーーー WARRANTY ーーーー
NF Corporation certifies that this instrument was thoroughly tested and inspected andfound to meet its published specifications when it was shipped from our factory.
All NF products are warranted against defects in materials and workmanship for aperiod of one year from the date of shipment. During the warranty period of, NF will, at its
option, either will repair the defective product without any charge for the parts and labor, or
either repair or replace products which prove to be defective. For repair service under warranty,
the product must be returned to a service center designated by NF. Purchaser shall prepay all
shipping cost, duties, and taxes for the product to NF from another country, and NF shall pay
shipping charge to returned the product to purchaser.
This warranty shall not apply to any defect, failure or damage caused by improper use,
improper or inadequate maintenance and care or modified by purchaser or personnel otherthan NF representatives.

NF Corporation

If there are any misplaced or missing pages, we will replace the manual.

Contact thesales representative.

NOTES• Reproduction of the contents of this manual is forbidden by applicable laws.
• The contents of this manual may be revised without notice.
• Information provided in this manual is intended to be accurate and reliable. However,
we assume no responsibility for any damage regarding the contents of this manual.
• We assume no responsibility for influences resulting from the operations in thismanual.
Copyright 2008, NF Corporation

ES 24000T / ES 36000T Instruction Manual

NF Corporation
3-20 Tsunashima Higashi 6-chome, Kohoku-ku. Yokohama-shi
223-8508, JAPAN
Phone +81-45-545-8111

Fax +81-45-545-8191