Water and Wastewater Management
Cambodia
Mr. Vorng Say
Technical Officer of Department of Water Quality
Management
Ministry of Environment

CONTENTS
 Cambodia’s overview
 Cambodia’s water use
 Common effluent standard MoE’S Structure and Responsibility
 Water quality monitoring Challenges
 The Way Forward

Cambodia overview
 Cambodia isSoutheast Asia.

locatedin

 West and Northwest: Thailand Northeast: Laos East: Vietnam

 Southwest:Thailand

theGulf

 Area: 181,035 km2.
 Population: 15 millions

 Capital city: Phnom Penhof

Cambodia's Economy
Agriculture: 40%
Industry:25%
Services:35% Industry now employs approximately
250,000 people The number of garment factories registeredin Cambodia reached 1,200 at the end ofJune, 2014, an 8 % increase source from
Ministry of Industry and Handicraft, 2014)

Water usage Million m3/y
Water Use
8000
7,586.70

7000
6000
5000
4000
3000
2000
1000
0235.971.4

Domestic

Industrial

Agricultural

Water Used in Phnom Penh
Water Supply in the Southern of Phnom Penh
90000000
80000000
70000000
60000000
50000000
40000000
30000000
20000000
10000000
084688584

5551225135769013

20706675

200020052010

M3/year2015

Water Used in Phnom Penh
Water Supply in the Northern Phnom Penh
70000000

62525885

60000000
50000000

36125644

40000000
30000000

19501058

20000000
10000000

7620516

02000

2005

2010

M3/year2015

Quantity of wastewater discharging
N0

Wastewater
Received Sources

Wastewater Quantity ( Ton/Day)
SewageWastewater%

Sub Total

1

Sewerage system

9411

18709

28120 87.93

2

River

200

2323

2523

7.88

3

Lake or Pond

113

1055

1168

3.66

4Sea

10160

170

0.53

Total

9734

22247

31981

100

Common Effluent standard
No Parameters Unit

Protected public waterarea

Public water area andsewer

6.5-8.5

6-9

1pH

2

BOD5mg/l<10<803CODmg/l<8<1004TSSmg/l<50<805TNmg/l<0.6<206TPmg/l

<0.05

<6.0

7Cr+6mg/l

<0.05

<5

Effluent Emission load From Municipal
Wastewater
300.00250.00Mg/l

200.00150.00100.00

50.00
7.53
0.00

pHTSS

BOD
COD
TN
pH, TN, TP, and Cr+6 are under standard

Northern Phnom Penh

Southern Phnom Penh

TPCr+6Phnom Penh PortMoE’s Structure and Responsibility• MoE was established by a Royal Decree in 1993, with play amajor role and responsibilities for :– Protecting and upgrading the environmental quality andpublic health.
– MoE has implemented international conventions, protocols
and agreements related to environment and natural
resources sectors.

Structure of Ministry of Environment
MinisterSecretary of State
Under Secretary of State
Department ofAudition

General Departmentof Administration,Finance, Personnel

General Department
of Inspection

General Directorateof Environmental
Protection

General Secretariatof National Council
for Sustainable
Development

General Departmentof Environmental
Knowledge andInformation

Administration Department
General for Natural
Conservation andProtection

Dept. of Administration, Planning & Finance
Office of Administration
Dept. of Water Quality Management (DWQM)
Dept. of Solid Waste Management

Office of Water Quality Monitoring

Dept. of Hazardous Substances Management

Office of Industrial Wastewater Management

Dept. of Environmental Impact Assessment Review
Office of Urban Sewage Management
Dept. of Air and Noise Quality Management
Dept. of Inspection
Dept. of Laboratory

Office of Marine Pollution Management

Relevant legislation/Strategy/ Policy &Action Plan, including International
Agreement, Conventions, etc.

Policy & Relevant Legislation forEnvironmental Management
Constitution
Law on Environmental Protection and Natural Resources
Management
Sub-Decree on
Water
Pollution Control

Sub-Decree on
Solid Waste
Management

Sub-Decree on
EIA Process

Related Statutes
Environmental/Naturalresources Management and/or
Protection

Sub-Decree on
Air Pollution,
Noise
Disturbance andVibration

National
Environmental Action
Plan & Environmental
Strategic Plan

Water Quality Monitoring
A. Water Quality monitoring at Public Water Areas:
The DWQM’s staffs , based on the existing
environmental legal instruments, are paying more
attention and following up to monthly freshwater
monitoring at designated water bodies 23 points.

B. Monitoring at Water Pollution Sources:
 To conduct routine control and monitor themanagement of wastewater at various pollution
sources in complying the sub-decrees on water
Pollution Control.

Map of Water Sampling PointChallenges
 Lacking of monitoring equipment
 Overlapping responsibility

 Raising awareness, public and private participation
especially EIA is limited.
 Lacking of WWTP and the use of combined sewersystem
 Local and international networking, for instance, dataand information dissemination and exchange is limited.
 Lacking of human resources, especially expertise staffs
 Lacking of fundThe Way Forward• To promote these constraints, Cambodia, especially,
the Ministry of the Environment step-by-step efforts
as possible for capacity building and institutional
strengthening, including public awareness promotion
for all stakeholders.
• To promote and strengthen the cooperation among
riparian countries and countries in the region/world.

The Way Forward• Cambodia, however, still requires :–Expanding monitoring activities and educational
programme throughout main cities and urban areas.

–

Technological transfer and LAB/concerned staffs’ capacity
strengthening.

–Experience exchange and closed cooperation among GMS
countries, and especially, with adjacent countries.

–

Promoting public and other stakeholder awareness,
including academic sector in the context of green-growth
application.

Thanks you for your attention…