The Hong Kong Standards and Testing Centre Ltd.
10 Dai Wang Street, Tai Po Industrial Estate, N.T., Hong Kong
Tel: (852) 2666 1888 Fax: (852) 2663 9612 Email: hktcd@stc.group Website: www.stc.group

Projectiles & Flying Toys Requirements of Different Countries

GeneralAustralia/New Zealand/ Japan
AS/NZS ISO 8124-1:2019/ ST2016
Projectile toys shall conform to the following
requirements:- Tips or leading edges on rigid projectiles shall not
protrude beyond the depth of the gauge.
- The leading edge(s) of a projectile, as well as any
corners that are adjacent to the leading edge(s), shallbe smooth and free of points, burrs, flash or similar
projections.
- For rigid projectiles discharged by projectile toys withstored energy, the corners of the projectile that are
adjacent to the leading edge(s) shall have roundededges. For purposes of this requirement a radius of
0.25 mm shall be considered sufficient. (does not
apply to projectiles made from paper or paperboard.)- Projectiles with a suction cup that pass entirely
through test template C as a contact surface shallhave a length ≥ 57 mm before and after testing.
- Suction cups on projectiles with a suction cup as acontact surface shall not detach unless the detachedsuction cup does not pass entirely through test
template C, and the exposed shaft end complies withthe requirements for projections, or the suction cup
is on a foam projectile where the suction cup
diameter, when measured in the relaxed state, is lessthan or equal to the diameter of the foam shaft.

-

China
GB6675.2-2014
All rigid projectiles shall have a tip radius  2 mm.
Helicopter rotors and single propellers innearly vertical free flight shall have a ring aroundthe perimeter.
-

Europe
EN 71-1:2014+A1:2018
All rigid projectiles shall have a tip radius  2 mm.
Resilient impact surfaces shall not
become detached under 60 N.
Helicopter rotors and single
propellers in nearly vertical free
flight shall have a ring around theperimeter.
Length of projectile with a suction
cup as impact area  57 mm

USA
ASTM F963 - 17These requirements relate tocertain, but not all, potential,
unexpected hazards thatmight be caused by projectile
firing toys and by the firing of
improvised projectiles fromsuch toys.
The toy shall conform to therequirements specified in thissection after normal use
testing and required abusetesting and projectile test
methods.

The Hong Kong Standards and Testing Centre Ltd.
10 Dai Wang Street, Tai Po Industrial Estate, N.T., Hong Kong
Tel: (852) 2666 1888 Fax: (852) 2663 9612 Email: hktcd@stc.group Website: www.stc.group

Projectiles & Flying Toys Requirements of Different Countries
Exemption

Australia/New Zealand/ Japan
AS/NZS ISO 8124-1:2019/ ST2016- The requirements of projectiles andprojectile toys with stored energy do not
apply to projectiles where the maximum
range of the discharged projectile ≤ 300
mm.
- The requirement of small part does not
apply to projectile toys for children 3
years and over with a range ≤ 100 mm.,small parts that are released after testingthat cannot be discharged or are unable
to travel a distance greater than 100 mm
when measured determination ofprojectile range; small parts of foam thatare released from projectiles whose shafts
are completely made of foam.
- Components that function as projectiles
which are permanently enclosed within a
toy unless they are liberated when theouter container is tested according toreasonably foreseeable abuse tests;
ground based toys propelled along a trackor launched onto another surface.
- Rotors and propellers that normally rotate
in the vertical plane, e.g. a propeller on anaero plane or certain remote controlled
flying toys, or rotors and propellers on
projectiles that have a maximum range ≤300 mm.

China
GB6675.2-2014--

Europe
EN 71-1:2014+A1:2018- Components that function as
projectiles which are permanently
enclosed within a toy unless they
become accessible when the outer
container is tested according to torquetest, tension test, impact test,
compression test, and the component
is still capable of being launched;- Ground based toys, or components oftoys, intended to be propelled along a
track, gameboard, tabletop, floor oronto another surface even if they
include an element of motion in free
flight, for example leaps between
tracks or surfaces.
- The requirements of leading parts,
Projectile toys with stored energy andcertain projectile toys without stored
energy do not apply to projectiles thathave a maximum range ≤ 300 mm.
- The requirements in projectile toys
without stored energy where thedischarged mechanism can store
energy, only when held in place by theuser do not apply to projectile toys
covered by bows and arrows as well as
toy catapults and projectiles propelledby an elastic band.

USA
ASTM F963 - 17
- Ground-based toys or components oftoys intended to be propelled along a
track, game board, tabletop, floor or
another surface even if they include
an element of motion in free flight,
for example leaps between tracks or
surfaces, or marbles or balls
launched across a game board;- Projectiles inaccessible to a childwhen they leave the discharge
mechanism, for example, bagatelle orpinball games.
- Projectiles that travel 300 mm orless.
- For products intended for children
three years of age or older thefollowing are exempted for projectile
with stored energy:- Projectiles that travel ≤ 100 mm.
- Small parts that are released froma projectile following reasonably
foreseeable abuse testing andthat are either not capable ofbeing launched or travel ≤ 100mm.
- Small parts of foam that are
released from projectiles whose
shafts are completely made offoam
following
reasonably
foreseeable abuse testing.

The Hong Kong Standards and Testing Centre Ltd.
10 Dai Wang Street, Tai Po Industrial Estate, N.T., Hong Kong
Tel: (852) 2666 1888 Fax: (852) 2663 9612 Email: hktcd@stc.group Website: www.stc.group

Projectiles & Flying Toys Requirements of Different Countries
Arrow

-

-

Australia/New Zealand/ Japan
AS/NZS ISO 8124-1:2019/ ST2016
Projectiles in the form of an arrow shall have a maximum kinetic energy per unit area ofcontact ≤ 2500 J/m2.
After wall impact test for projectiles, aprojectile in the form of an arrow shall not produce a hazardous sharp edge or
hazardous sharp point and shall continue to meet the requirements of projectile toys
without stored energy.

- Projectiles in the form of an arrow shall also:- be provided with a protective cap, coveror tip that is integral with the front end of
the shaft, or- have a blunted front end to which a
protective cap, cover or tip is attached, or- be made of a resilient material, unless it isreliant on magnetic forces.
- After torque test, tension test for protective
components projectiles, in the form of anarrow with a protective cap, cover or tip
shall conform to at least one of the following
requirements:- the protective cap, cover or tip shall not
become detached from the projectile, orif the protective cap, cover or tip becomesdetached from the projectile, the projectile
shall not be capable of being discharged by
the discharge mechanism, orif the projectile is made of a resilientmaterial, it shall continue to have amaximum kinetic energy per unit area ofcontact ≤ 2500 J/m2 .

China
GB6675.2-2014
Shall have a protective
cover which is an
integral part of thearrow
Shall have a blunt tip
with protective cover.
The maximum KE of
the resilient impact
surface shall ≤ 0.16
J/cm2, the potential
danger shall be drawn
to the attention of theuser.
The impact pointshould ≥ 3 cm2, except
magnetic disc, Pointsof arrows shall bemade of resilientmaterial.

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Europe
EN 71-1:2014+A1:2018
fired from a bow with a kinetic
energy > 0.08 J shall have a maximum
kinetic energy per unit area ofcontact ≤ 2500 J/m2
shall be made of a resilient material
or be provided with a protective cap,cover or tip made of a resilientmaterial;
shall not produce a hazardous sharpedge or hazardous sharp point after
wall impact test for projectiles, andshall continue to comply with theother requirements of projectile toys
without stored energy.
If any of the improvised projectiles
can be launched in a manner
determined to be hazardous by abow capable of firing an arrows, thetoy or its packaging shall carry awarning.
After torque test and tension test,
protective components, arrows witha protective cap, cover or tip shallconformtothefollowing
requirements:
the protective cap, cover or tip shallnot become detached from thearrow; or2) where the protective cap cover or
tip becomes detached from thearrow, the arrow shall not be capableof being launched by the bow.

USA
ASTM F963 - 17
- KE > 0.08 J shall not have a
Kinetic Energy Density (KED) >2500 J/m2.
- Projectiles in the form of anarrow shall:- be provided with a protective
cap, cover, or tip that is integral
with the front end of the shaft;or- have a blunt front end to whicha protective cap, cover, or tip is
attached; or- be made of resilient material; or- have a functional tip that relies
on magnetic forces.
-

-

-

-

After required tests, projectiles
shall conform to the following
requirements:
the protective cap, cover, or tip
shall not become detached fromthe projectile; orif the protective cap, cover, or
tip becomes detached from the
projectile, the projectile shallnot be capable of being
launched by the discharge
mechanism; orif the projectile is made of a
resilient material, it shallcontinue to have a maximum
KED of 2500 J/m2.

The Hong Kong Standards and Testing Centre Ltd.
10 Dai Wang Street, Tai Po Industrial Estate, N.T., Hong Kong
Tel: (852) 2666 1888 Fax: (852) 2663 9612 Email: hktcd@stc.group Website: www.stc.group

Projectiles & Flying Toys Requirements of Different Countries
Projectile
toys withstoredenergy----Australia/New Zealand/ Japan
AS/NZS ISO 8124-1:2019/ ST2016
Projectiles shall not, whatever theirorientation, fit entirely into the small parts
cylinder before and after testing in accordancewith reasonably foreseeable abuse testing andwall impact test for projectiles.
Projectiles with a kinetic energy > 0.08 J shall:- have a contact surface(s) made of a
resilient material, and- be accompanied by a warning aboutaiming at the eyes or face, projectile toy
for guidance). This requirement only
applies to projectiles that mightreasonably be able to be aimed at theface, and- have a kinetic energy per unit area ≤ 2500
J/m2.
Where a protective cap, cover or tip is used it
shall either:- not become detached from the projectile
during torque test and tension test forprotective components, or- if the protective cap, cover or tip becomesdetached and if any resulting component
can still be discharged from the discharge
mechanism, the toy shall continue tocomply with the requirements of projectile
toys with stored energy.
During wall impact test for projectiles,
projectiles shall not produce a hazardous sharpedge or a hazardous sharp point and shallcontinue to meet the requirements projectile
toys with stored energy.

China
GB6675.2-2014
If KE > 0.08 J:- Shall have a leading part(s)made of a resilient material
so that the KED ≤ 0.16 J/cm2- the protective cap, cover or
tip:a) shall not become detachedfrom the projectile after
torque test and tension test,
or
b)
any
detached
component(s) shall not becapable of being discharged
by the discharge mechanism- be accompanied by a warning
about the potential hazard ofaiming at the eyes or face
- After test for projectiles,
projectiles shall not produce
a hazardous sharp edge or ahazardous sharp point- The discharge mechanism
shall be designed so that it isunable to launch the
improvised projectiles- Shall not contain small part
- Small part after abuse test
shall not be unable to launch
fromthedischarge
mechanism

-

-

-

-

-

Europe
EN 71-1:2014+A1:2018
Kinetic energy > 0.08 J shall:a) have a leading part(s) made of a resilientmaterial.
b) be accompanied by a warning about thepotential hazard of aiming at the eyes or
face.
c) have a kinetic energy per unit area not
greater than 2500 J/m2
Edges on projectiles discharged from a
projectile toy with stored energy that are
adjacent to the leading part(s), shall bevisibly rounded.
Projectiles with a resilient leading part thatis a protective cap, cover or tip, covering arigid shaft or other rigid part, shall meet oneof the following conditions:a) the protective cap, cover or tip shall not
become detached from the projectile after
torque test and tension test, orb) any detached component(s) shall not becapable of being discharged by thedischarge mechanism
further than 300 mm, orc) any detached component(s) shallcontinue to comply with 4.17
After wall impact test for projectiles,
projectiles shall not produce a hazardous
sharp edge or a hazardous sharp point andshall continue to comply with 4.17.3
The discharge mechanism shall be designed
so that it is unable to launch the improvised
projectiles

-

-

-

-

USA
ASTM F963 - 17
Shall not fit entirely into thesmall parts in any orientation,
Any projectile that has akinetic energy > 0.08 J shallhave resilient leading edge(s).
Projectiles that have a kinetic
energy > 0.08 J shall not havea Kinetic Energy Density (KED)> 2500 J/m2.
The resilient leading edge(s)on projectiles that have akinetic energy > 0.08 J shalleither:- Not become detachedfrom the projectile; or- If the resilient leadingedge(s)becomes
detachedfromtheprojectile, each separated
part the projectile which
can still be launched by thedischarge mechanism shallcontinue to meet therequirements.
Projectiles shall not have any
sharp edges or sharp points
before and after testing andthe projectile shall continue
to comply with theapplicable requirements ofthis standard.

The Hong Kong Standards and Testing Centre Ltd.
10 Dai Wang Street, Tai Po Industrial Estate, N.T., Hong Kong
Tel: (852) 2666 1888 Fax: (852) 2663 9612 Email: hktcd@stc.group Website: www.stc.group

Projectiles & Flying Toys Requirements of Different Countries
Projectile
toys without
storedenergyAustralia/New Zealand/ Japan
AS/NZS ISO 8124-1:2019/ ST2016- Projectile toys without stored energy that might reasonably
be able to be launched at the face, should be accompanied byinstructions for use, which draw attention to the hazards ofaiming at eyes or face.
- This requirement does not apply to projectile toys intended
to be thrown towards people, e.g. flying discs, balls andsimilar objects.
- Mouth-actuated projectile toys shall not permit the intended
projectile to pass through the mouthpiece.
- Projectiles in the form of a dart shall conform to the following
requirements:a) contact area of the dart shall be ≥ 3 cm2.
b) The dart shall either:- be provided with a protective cap, cover or tip that is
integral with the front end of the shaft, or- have a blunted front end to which a protective cap, coveror tip is attached, or- be made of a resilient material, unless it is reliant onmagnetic forces.
c) After torque test and tension test for protective
components, projectiles in the form of a dart with aprotective cap, cover or tip shall conform with at least oneof the following requirements:- the protective cap, cover or tip shall not become
detached from the projectile, or- if the protective cap, cover or tip becomes detachedfrom the projectile, the projectile shall not be capableof being discharged by the discharge mechanism, or- if the protective cap, cover or tip becomes detachedfrom the projectile and the projectile is made of a
resilient material, it shall continue to have a contact
area of ≥ 3 cm2.

China
GB6675.2-2014
Darts shall be blunted orpoints protected by aresilient material having
an impact area ≥ 3 cm2.
Points shall not be madeof metal; except that if
fitted with magnetic
metal discs, the disc has
an area  3 cm2.

Europe
EN 71-1:2014+A1:2018
Darts shall:
1) have resilient leading parts,or 2) be provided with aprotective cap, cover or tip
made of a resilient material, or3) have a leading part with acontact surface area of ≥ 2 cm2After torque and tension test:
1) the protective cap, cover or
tip shall not become detachedfrom the dart; or2) if there is a discharge
mechanism,
where
the
protective cap cover or tip
becomes detached from thedart, the dart shall not becapable of being launched by
the discharge mechanism.
Toy catapults and projectiles
propelled by an elastic band
Projectiles launched by:a)toy
catapults
withprojectiles, orb) an elastic band that is
capable of holding a projectile
shall meet the relevant
requirements of 4.17.3.

-

-

-

USA
ASTM F963 - 17
Mouth-actuateddischarge
mechanisms
shall
includeapermanently-installed means toprevent passage of the projectile
backwards through the mouth endof the launcher. This mechanism
shall not be user-removable andshall not detach during testing. Ifsuch means to prevent passage ofthe projectile is integral with themouthpiece, the mouthpiece shallnot be user-removable, and shall notdetach during testing. If the toy
includesuser-removablemouthpieces or projectiles ofdifferent designs, or both, each
design or combination, or both, shallbe tested separately.
Mouthpieces intended to be userremovable shall not fit entirely
within the small parts test cylinder. If
a permanently-attached mouthpiecedetaches from the discharge
mechanism, it shall not fit entirely
within the small parts test cylinder.
Projectiles shall not have any sharpedges or sharp points before andafter testing and the projectile shallcontinue to comply with theapplicable requirements of thestandard.

The Hong Kong Standards and Testing Centre Ltd.
10 Dai Wang Street, Tai Po Industrial Estate, N.T., Hong Kong
Tel: (852) 2666 1888 Fax: (852) 2663 9612 Email: hktcd@stc.group Website: www.stc.group

Projectiles & Flying Toys Requirements of Different Countries
Australia/New Zealand/ Japan
AS/NZS ISO 8124-1:2019/ ST2016
Projectile toys
without
stored energy(Cont’d)

China
GB6675.2-2014

Europe
EN 71-1:2014+A1:2018
If any of the improvised projectiles
can be launched in a manner
determined to be hazardous by a
toy catapult with projectiles or by
an elastic band that is capable ofholding a projectile, the toy or its
packaging shall carry a warning.
Projectile toys without stored
energy where the discharge
mechanism can store energy,
only when held in place by the user
- Projectiles launched by adischarge mechanism where thedischarge mechanism can store
energy only when held in place by
the user, shall meet the relevant
requirements of 4.17.3.

USA
ASTM F963 - 17

The Hong Kong Standards and Testing Centre Ltd.
10 Dai Wang Street, Tai Po Industrial Estate, N.T., Hong Kong
Tel: (852) 2666 1888 Fax: (852) 2663 9612 Email: hktcd@stc.group Website: www.stc.group

Projectiles & Flying Toys Requirements of Different Countries
RotorsAustralia/New Zealand/ Japan
AS/NZS ISO 8124-1:2019/ ST2016- Rotors and propellers powered byelectrical, spring or inertial energy
and that take off into free flightshall be designed to minimize thepotential of rotating blades tocause injury.
- For example, this may be
accomplished by one or more of
the following:- the design of the rotor orpropeller shall prevent accessto the blade ends during
operation;- the blade ends shall be“clutched” or loosely attachedto the rotor so that the ends
are not directly powered by therotor drive;- rotors or propellers shall be
designed so that the leadingedges are protected with aresilient material

China
GB6675.2-2014--

EuropeUSA
EN 71-1:2014+A1:2018
ASTM F963 - 17
- Leading part(s) on rigid parts of flying toys shall not - Rotors on projectiles intended
protrude beyond the depth of the gauge
to rotate in a horizontal plane- Rotors and propellers on flying toys shall be designed toshall be protected.
minimize the potential of rotating blades causing eye - Some examples of how this caninjury. This may be accomplished for example by one or
be accomplished include themore of the following:
following:a) the design of the toy prevents the blade ends contacting- the design of the rotor or
the eyes (e.g. a protective ring around the perimeter ofpropeller prevents access to
the rotor or propeller or by enclosing the rotor or
the blade ends during
propeller in a cage);
operation,b) the blades are made of flexible material that does not- the rotor blades are curved or
break or permanently deform when tested according toswept back,perpendicular tension test for rotors and propellers;- the blade ends are “clutched”c) the blade ends are “clutched” or loosely coupled to theor loosely attached to therotor so that the ends are not directly powered by therotor so that the ends are notrotor drive;
directly powered by the rotord) a partial ring around the perimeter of the rotor or
drive,
propeller;- rotors or propellers aree) rotors or propellers are designed so that the leading
designed to have resilientpart(s) are protected with a resilient material or flexible
leading edges.
part.
- Depending upon the rotor
design selected, one or more of
Flying toys with rotors or propellers that might reasonably
the design options may be
be able to be aimed at the face shall be accompanied by arequired.
warning about the potential hazard of rotors or propellers
impacting the eyes or face. (This warning is not required
where the design of the toy prevents the blade ends
contacting the eyes (case a) above).)