Search for Cri,cal Point with Beam Energy Scan
ShinIchi Esumi, Inst. of Physics, Univ. of Tsukuba
Tomonaga Center for the History of the Universe (TCHoU)

Contents• FaciliCes and Experiments• CollecCve ﬂow and freeze-out• VorCcal and chiral magneCc ﬂuid
• FluctuaCon and criCcal point• Summary

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ShinIchi Esumi, Univ. of Tsukuba, TCHoU

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QCD Phase-Diagram
LHC andRHIC (200 GeV)
Beam Energy Scan II
BES-II at RHIC-STAR

FAIR, NICA,HIAF, J-PARC

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High-energy heavy-ion
accelerators :AGS/RHIC at BNL (New York)SPS/LHC at CERN (Geneva)
From few GeV to few TeV

RHIC
SPS
AGS
LHC
BNL
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CERN
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Experiments at RHIC and LHC

ALICE

PHENIX

ATLAS

STAR
CMS

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4STARCMS
Event display of experimental datawith reconstructed parCcles

PHENIX

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10 GeV

100GeV

Nucleus-Nucleus collision
hadronic-cascade simula,on

Nucleus A

High-temperature, high-density
Quark Gluon Plasma
Nucleus B

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Chemical freeze-out and Baryon density
Phys. Rev. C 96 (2017) 44904

Baryon density increases withdecreasing beam energy.
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Baryon density is also known to have a peakat about 8 GeV based on transport models.
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Blast-wave ﬁt at kine,c freeze-out
TPhys. Rev. C 96 (2017) 44904

Tch

Tch

β

Tkin
µB

Tkin

Tkin

βT further increases
and Tkin decreases
by expansion

Tkin
ββ
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v2 > 0v2 evolu,onwith beam energy
and quark coalescence• Squeeze-out and sign change• Mass spliang from hydro expansion• Number of consCtuent quark scaling
Phys. Rev. Le_. 116 (2016) 062301

(qqq)
(qq)

v2 < 0Phys. Rev. Le_. 118 (2017) 212301

(sss)
(ss)

open charm

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;41'<&8/=0'>4/=0"4?'@ABC''

Flow in small systems
p+Aud+Au

3He+Auπ

CMS
QM150;HWM'6!'T#6%6V'6!%

MGQ'R#S'T#6%UV'#%U

MGQ'R#S'T#6%UV'#%U! =)*'>2?@A*B'C**+'?+'1DD'C,CE*FC'1E'E)*'GH.I'p+A
p+p (highmult.)
A+A" H,@29@,+1F?J'K9L'92?A?+'?+'M:M:'J9DD?C?9+N'" O)1E'1:9-E'CF1DD'C,CE*FCP'!"#$"%&'#'

3He+Aud+Au

p+Au()*+,-'.)*+'/'0-123'415*2'#6%&7'89:*7';1<1+'pions
protons
PRC 97 (2018) 064904

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System shape and jet modiﬁca,on

pT1side view size
qT-side : RT-sidepT2
depth + time duration
qT-out : RT-outtrig.

PRL112 (2014) 222301

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Jet shape modiﬁca,on・re-distribuCon towards lower pT region
・re-distribuCon towards wider angle

CMS

ATLAS-CONF-2018-010

pT

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Phys. Rev. Le_. 120 (2018) 62301

v1 slope

Directed ﬂow v1 slope and source,lt with respect to rapidity

source ,lt

STAR, APS/JPS 2018

Au+Au 200 GeV

note : E.P. resoluCon correcCon has not yet been
applied for both data sets. (σEP : 0.2-0.3)
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13B

B

Strong magne,c ﬁeld andcharge asymmetry--- Chiral MagneCc Eﬀect (CME) ----- Chiral MagneCc Wave (CMW) --CME

CMW

R.P.
R.P.

R.P.
v2{+} , v2{-}µ (GeV)B(HSS -H(H– H) × 10) X4 104
SS OS OS0.5 0.4 0.3

Phys.
Rev.
Le_. 113 (2014) 052302
0.20.1

Phys. Rev. Le_. 114 (2015) 252302

Au+Au 30%-60%2BES-I
BES-IIv2 : ellipCc ﬂow1γ ∼ - < a{+/-} a{+/-} >dN{+/-}/dφ ∼ 1 + 2 a{+/-} sin(φ{+/-} - ΦR.P.)
0Ach =
10102

charge separaCon w.r.t. reacConsplane
NN (GeV)“Same-sign” - “Opposite-sign” charged pair
~10% of observed signal a_er BG subtrac,on
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N+ - NN+ + N-

310Charge dependent v2 : Δv2 = v2{π-} - v2{π+}vs charge asymmetry of event : Ach

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Global polariza,onvia Lambda decay

Clearly posiCve L signal
Possible hint of B signalzy

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Phys. Rev. C 98 (2018) 14910
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y

Global polariza,on
via Lambda

φout-of-planexin-planeHydrodynamics predicts
opposite trend in azimuthal
dependence.

Centrality dependence

Charge asymmetry dependence

Phys. Rev. C 98 (2018) 14910

Phys. Rev. C 98 (2018) 14910

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Azimuthal angle dependenceSTAR, QM18

N+ - NN+ + NShinIchi Esumi, Univ. of Tsukuba, TCHoU

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Lambda longitudinal-local polariza,onSTAR, QM18

Clear sin-like curve
is observed in ZPOL

Hydrodynamics predicts
opposite trend here again ...
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Net-proton as a proxy for conserved net-baryon ﬂuctua,onNet-Kaon

Phys. Le_. B 785 (2018) 551

Possible criCcal ﬂuctuaCondepending on centrality,
more data in BES-II

STAR, QM15

full phase space

acceptance cut
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6th-order cumulantsof net-proton andnet-charge
Higher-order cumulants are expected
to be more sensiCve to the criCcal
ﬂuctuaCon than lower orders.
Even more staCsCcs needed though ...
STAR, QM18

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STAR, QM17

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Unfolding of “unkown and cri,cal” net-distribu,onN(gen., parCcle A)

test simulaCon
Unknown Exp. input

Test Exp. input

CorrecCon to Sin

Ater iteraCons

Sin

Snext = Sin + α Cf

Snext → Sﬁnal

Uin

N(gen., parCcle B)

N(rec., parCcle A)

50th

1st

Exp. output

Responsematrix

Test Exp. output

Uout

N(rec., parCcle B)
EMMI workshop
in Wuhan 2017

Sout

Diﬀ. of outputs

CorrecCon factor

Df = Uout - Sout

Df → Cf
Reversed
responsematrix• volume ﬂuctuaCon can be included as a part of response matrix• temperature ﬂuctuaCon could be unfolded via <pT> ﬂuctuaCon
together with the number ﬂuctuaCon, which is done in 4D-R.M.

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6 diﬀerent 2DprojecCons of4D correlaCon(N1, N2, T1, T2)along withiteraCon

True
N1 vs N2

T1 vs T2

N1 vs T1

N2 vs T2

N1 vs T2

N2 vs T1

MC 1st
MC 2ndMC 12thMC 22th
MC 32thMC 42thTCHoU member meeCng, 22/Nov/2018, Tsukuba

ShinIchi Esumi, Univ. of Tsukuba, TCHoU21Near future : BES-II and sPHENIX/EIC
inner Time Projection Chamber (iTPC)

STARendcap Time Of Flight (eTOF)
Event Plane Detector (EPD)

RHIC Beam Energy Scan

increase rapidity acceptancewith particle identification andwith better event characterization

J-PARC, FAIR, NICA

Critical End Point

TCHoU member meeCng, 22/Nov/2018, TsukubasPHENIX

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RUN17
RUN18500 GeV p+p54 GeV Au+Au
200 GeV Zr+Zr, Ru+Ru
27 GeV Au+Au
Fixed-target test run

RUN19RUN20
RUN21

14.5 - 20 GeV Au+Au
7 - 11 GeV Au+Au
Fixed-target runs

STAR detector upgradefor BES-II

Event Plane Detector (EPD)

TPC
TPC

iTPCupgrade

EPD
EPD
eTOF

TPC inner sector readout
with more segmentaCon
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Endcap Time-of-Flight(eTOF) from FAIR-CBM

Fixed-target mode

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ALICE FoCal プロジェクト•LHC 超前方領域で、未開のQGP誕生の起源に迫る•

Si + W サンプリング型電磁カロリメータ• PAD (1x1cm2)とMAPS (30x30μm2) シリコンセンサを備えたハイブリッド検出器。2023年、実機 ALICE導入を計画中。

•2018年、筑波大を中心とする FoCal 日本グループにより、新規試作機(PAD, mini-FoCal) を設計・製作 (20 X0, 3 tower 構造)。

••CERN PS/ SPS 加速器によるテスト実験を経て、10月、ALICE 実験に初導入。pp 13 TeV 衝突事象データ取得に成功••

国内：筑波大、筑波技術大、広島大、奈良女子大、理研
海外：ユトレヒト大学, Nikhef（オランダ）, RD51（CERN）

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mini-FoCal

2019年3月、筑波大にて第3回FoCal コラボレーション会合開催予定

SPS テストビーム実験 (2018.8)
Utrecht U. & U. TSUKUBA- 科研費（基盤A）ALICE 実験 ジェットと前方光子で探る高温クォーク物質生成の起源 (H29-H32, 中條)- 筑波大学 CiC 海外教育研究リサーチユニット招致・ユトレヒト大学 (H29-H34)

mini-FoCal
LHC beam pipe
@ ALICE P2

PS, SPS, LHC ALICE で取得した FoCal データ
Y. Minato (QNP 2018, poster)
PS 加速器 9 GeV/c 荷電ハド
ロンビームによる最小電離粒子 (MIP) を確認

mini-FoCal

7.62 mSPS 加速器 250 GeV/c 負荷電ビーム電磁シャワーによるエネル
ギー分解能の評価（PAD, layer
毎の補正前）S. Takasu (JPS/DNP, Hawaii 2018)25

LHC 加速器 √s = 13 TeV 陽子・陽子衝突データ。 ALICE IP =7.62 m の地点に mini-FoCal を設置。電磁シャワーシグナルの測定に成功

N. Novitzky

ALICEIPSummary• CollecCve expansion
and thermal freeze-out• VorCcal correlaCon,chiral magneCc ﬂuid
• CriCcal ﬂuctuaCon tolook for criCcal point

Cri,cal Point• Focal test beam andmini-Focal in ALICE
LOI for J-parc HI, H. Sako, M. Kitazawa, et. al.

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