2011/9/21

CURRENT POLICY RESPONSES TOATTAIN NATIONAL WATER QUALITYTARGET AND FUTURE CHALLENGES:EXPERIENCES IN THE PHILIPPINES
Dir. Juan Miguel T. Cuna
Environmental Management Bureau
DENR1

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EXISTING WATER RESOURCES
 Inland Freshwater Rivers
 18 major river basins 421 principal rivers
 270 prin. rivers classified as of 2006
 Lakes 79 lakes
 10 major lakes

EXISTING WATER RESOURCES (Cont.) Groundwater• Extensive reservoir with an aggregate
area of about 50,000 sq km• Recharged by rain and seepage fromrivers and lakes• Favorable groundwater basins areunderlaid by about 100,000 sq km ofvarious rock formations2

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EXISTING WATER RESOURCES (Cont.) Marine Waters
226,000km,• Cover an area of about 226
000 sq km
including bays and gulfs• Coastline stretches to about 17,460 km• Coral reefs cover an area of about 27,000
sq km• 64 of 79 provinces are in coastal areas

MAJOR RIVER BASINSRiver BasinRegionDrainage Area(sq. km.)Cagayang y River

Cagayang y Valleyy25,649,

Mindanao River

Southern Mindanao

23,169Agusan River

Northern Mindanao

10,921

Pampanga River

Central Luzon

9,759

Agno River

Central Luzon

5,962

Abra RiverIlocos

5,125

Pasig-Laguna LakeSouthern Luzon

4,678

Bicol River

Bicol

3,771

Abulug River

Cagayan Valley

3,372

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MAJOR RIVER BASINS (Cont.)
Drainage Area

River BasinRegionTagum-Libuganon River

Southeastern Mindanao,3,064Ilog-HilabanganWestern Visayas

1,945

Panay River

Western Visayas

1,843

Tagoloan River

Northern Mindanao

1,704

Agus River

Southern Mindanao

1,645

Davao River

Southeastern Mindanao

1,623

Cagayan River

Northern Mindanao

1,521

Jalaud River

Western Visayas

1,503

Buayan-Malungun River

Southeastern Mindanao

1,434(sq. km.)

MAJOR LAKESName of Lake

Location

Area (ha.)

Lagunagde BayyLaguna
gand Rizal

90,000,Lake Lanao

Lanao del Sur

34,700

Taal Lake

Batangas

23,356

Lake Mainit

Surigao del Norte/Agusan del Norte 17,430

Naujan Lake

Oriental Mindoro

7,899

L k B
Lake
Butuant

S lt Kudarat
Sultan
K d t

6 134
6,134

Lake Buhi

Camarines Sur

3,800

Lake Labas

Cotabato

2,140

Lake Calaungan

Mindoro2,111

Lake Bato

Camarines Sur

1,800

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Sources of Pollution - National

Domestic
Sources 33%

Other Sources
11%

Agricultural
29%

Industrial 27%

RELEVANT LEGISLATIONS AND POLICIES
Republic Act No. 9275
or the Philippine Clean Water Act of 2004
“Policy of the State to protect, preserveand revive the quality of fresh, brackish
and marine water”“DENR as the primary agency in theimplementation of RA 9275”

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RA 9275
THE CLEAN WATER ACTIS A MILESTONELEGISLATION THAT CAN
DELIVER THE MUCH
NEEDED SUPPORT IN
OUR EFFORT TO
ADDRESS WATER
CONCERNS. THIS LAWCALLS FOR AN
INTEGRATED, HOLISTIC,DECENTRALIZED AND
PARTICIPATORYAPPROACH TO ABATING,
PREVENTING AND
CONTROLLING WATERPOLLUTION.

Declaration of Principles andPolicies
Sustainable Development Framework
H li ti National
N ti l P
HolisticProgram
Operate under an Integrated WQ Framework
Self-regulation among industries thru MBIs
Focus on pollution prevention
With a system of accountability
Streamline procedures and processes
Mobilize/Encourage participation of Civil society
and other sectors through education and accessto information

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Conceptual Framework
Integrated Water Quality
Management Framework
Water Quality Mgt. Action
Plan (WQMAP)Households Industries Other Non-Point SourcesDesignation of Water Quality
Management Areas (WQMA) Non-Attainment Areas (NAA) Natl. Sewerage and Septage
Management Program Classification/Reclassification
 Groundwater VulnerabilityMapping WQ Guidelines Effluent Standards
 Categorization of Industry
 Wastewater Charge System
 Discharge Permits Financial Liability
 Programmatic EIA
 Incentives and Rewards
 Prohibitions/Sanctions/Actions


Coverage Water Quality Management in all

water bodies
 Abatement & control of pollution
from land-based sources Enforcement of WQ
Q standards,,
regulations and penalties

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WATER QUALITYMANAGEMENT PROGRAMS An area covering the same
physiographic unit which affects
the physico-chemical andbiological reactions anddiffusion of pollutants in thebodies of water draining thesaid area.

DESIGNATION OF
WATER QUALITY MANAGEMENT AREAS

 Aims for the improvement ofwater quality to meet theguidelines under which they
have been classified or toimprove their classification
so that it meets its projectedor potential use.

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DESIGNATED WQMAs


Luzon


MMO RS WQMA(DAO 2008-07)
Areas within LLDA jurisdiction(RA 9275)
VisayasTigum-Aganan Watershed(DAO 2006-18)

 Iloilo-Batiano RS WQMA(DAO 20092009-11)
11)
Mindanao

Silway River WQMA(DAO 2010-10)

Sarangani Bay WQMA(DAO 2009-12)

WATER BODY CLASSIFICATIONClassification/Reclassification of Surface Fresh Waters, Coastal andMarine Waters
AAA

B

Forest boundary

Intake for drinking &irrigation

CLower Upper
boundary ofagricultural area;
upper boundary ofbuilt up areaD
Upper boundarynavigable area

* A simple case when wateruses are aligned from higher
to lower class

Philippine waters shallbe classified based
primarily on beneficialuses that are expectedto last at least for thenext 10 years .
Assessment of water
quality shall be
undertaken todetermine whether thequality of the water ismeeting the criteria forthe designated class oruses of the waters.

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Classification of Water Bodies
AAB

ASADC

SC
SB

SD

CLASSIFICATION OF WATERBODIES

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REGULAR WATER QUALITY MONITORINGSan JuanRiver

Marikina River

Pasig RiverSAGIP ILOG PROGRAM
 Linkaging with LGUs, NGOs and other interest
groups11

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LINIS ESTERO PROGRAM• The Linis Estero Program is acollaborative undertaking betweenand among the Estero Community,Donor-Partner, Local Government
Unit/s and the DENR.
• Goal: To achieve a cleaner, safer andhealthier metropolitan environment.

Clean-up of Clogged Creek and Esteros

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Part of the Diliman Creek along EDSA, Quezon City

BEFORE (December 2010)

AFTER (August 2011)

INSTALLATION OF BOOMTRAP WITH CONVEYOR TO
TRAP AND COLLECT FLOATING DEBRIS

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DREDGING ACTIVITIES• Tugboats andbarges used todredge shallow
portions
tioff thethPasig and San JuanRiverTAPWATCH PROGRAM

Monitoring of the quality ofdrinking water in poor
barangays/communities14

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BEACH ECOWATCH PROGRAM
Monitoring of DOT’s frequently visited beaches bylocal and foreign tourists

COMPLIANCE MONITORING OF COMMERCIAL
AND INDUSTRIAL ESTABLISHMENTS

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ENFORCEMENT OF EFFLUENT STANDARDSDENR AO 35, Series of 1990
 Effluent standards are limits in terms ofconcentration and/or volume that any
wastewater discharge coming from a point
sources shall meet Consist of a set of water quality
parameters and their corresponding
numerical limits
 Each set is prescribed for each of the waterclasses

APPOINTMENT/DESIGNATION
OF POLLUTION CONTROL OFFICER
DENR Administrative Order (DAO) 1992
1992-26
26
 Section 3 requires each industrial, commercialand manufacturing establishment and private
entity, whose activities are potential and actual
sources of water, air, and land pollution to appoint
and/or designate a PCO.
Likewise, each provincial, municipal and city
government is required to appoint/designate aPCO.

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INDUSTRIAL ECOWATCH PROGRAM
A public disclosure program where the industrial andcommercial establishments/firms will be rated withcorresponding color in accordance with their environmental
performancef• Gold – Outstanding• Silver – Excellent• Green – Very Good• Blue – Good• Red – Bad• Black – Very Bad

Partnership program with industries
which aim to support industry selfregulationgSeeks to provide a package of incentives
and reward mechanisms

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FUTURE CHALLENGES
 Investments and availability of funds for
effective and efficient enforcement
 Building capacity, resources, and information
infrastructure for WQ monitoring Strengthening institutional mechanisms andsustaining multi-sectoral participation in WQmanagement
 WQ monitoring information through networking,data sharing and institutional partnership

FUTURE CHALLENGES (Cont.) Enforcing appropriate land use plans Protection of water bodies from domestict contaminationt i tiwaste Management of non-point sources of pollution
 Management of solid and hazardous wastes
 Coastal area management to avert impacts oncoastal ecosystem
 Protection of groundwater quality
 Rehabilitation of degraded water bodies

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