Innovation for
Cool Earth ForumICEF2023 Report2023 Innovation for Cool Earth Forum

Contents
Page

What’s ICEF? …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 2
10th Annual Meeting ………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 3
Program …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 4
Opening Remarks …………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 5
Keynote Sessions …………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 6
Plenary Sessions ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 7
Summarizing Plenary Session ………………………………………………………………………………………… 9
Concurrent Sessions ………………………………………………………………………………………………………10
Other Events ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………15
Closing Session…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………18
Statement ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 19
Roadmap Projects ………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 22
Steering Committee Members …………………………………………………………………………………………23
Messages from Co-Hosts ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 24
ICEF2023 Photo Gallery …………………………………………………………………………………………………25

Innovation for
Cool Earth ForumICEF2023 Report(*Job titles in the brochure are as of the time of the ICEF2023)

1 ICEF2023 Report2023 Innovation for Cool Earth Forum

What’s ICEF?
Innovation for Cool Earth Forum (ICEF) is a platform of wisdom for discussing among industryacademia-government leaders around the world in order to promote “INNOVATION”, the key tosolving global warming.
Since 2014, the ICEF Annual Meeting has been held every year by the Government of Japan’s
Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry (METI) and New Energy and Industrial Technology
Development Organization (NEDO) of Japan.
Distinguished experts from industry, academia and governments are gathered to engage in lively
discussions and explore innovation-based solutions to address climate change, the most pressing
challenge facing the 21st Century.
ICEF hopes to share the latest knowledge with the world, increase public awareness of the threatof climate change, and to facilitate a change in behaviour. ICEF is taking into consideration genderequality and youth engagement based on the awareness that diversity is the origin of innovation.

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2023 Innovation for Cool Earth Forum

10th Annual Meeting
Overall theme
Innovation for Just, Secure and SustainableGlobal Green Transformation (GX)

Hybrid Forum (Hotel New Otani Tokyo and On-line)
Wednesday, October 4, 2023 – Thursday, October 5, 2023

Hosts

Co-Hosts

Institutional Partners

Participants
Around 1,700 participants from governments, international organizations, the business sector,
and academia representing 79 countries and regions

Outcome of ICEF2023
・Roadmap Project on “Artificial Intelligence for Climate Change Mitigation”
・Statement from the Steering Committee

3 ICEF2023 Report2023 Innovation for Cool Earth Forum

Program
DAY 1 (Wednesday, October 4)
9:30 -9:45

Opening Session

DAY 2 (Thursday, October 5)
9:30 - 9:50

Keynote 4

Opening Remarks by Mr. NISHIMURA Yasutoshi

Dialogue between Dr. Fatih Birol(Minister of Economy, Trade and Industry, Japan)(Executive Director of International Energy Agency (IEA))
and Mr. TANAKA Nobuo

Opening Remarks by Mr. TANAKA Nobuo(Chair of ICEF Steering Committee)

9:45 -10:00

Keynote 1
Keynote speech by
Dr. NOGUCHI Soichi(Astronaut, Entrepreneur; CEO Miraispace Co., Ltd;

(Chair of ICEF Steering Committee)（Pre-recorded dialogue）

�:�� - ��:��

“Artificial Intelligence for Climate Change Mitigation”

��:�� - ��:��

(Professor of Physics, Professor of Molecular and Cellular Physiology
and Professor of Energy Science and Engineering, Department of

��:�� - ��:��

Plenary Session 1
Speech by H. E. Mr. Jean-Eric Paquet, Ambassador,
The European Union (EU) to Japan
Innovative Policy Making

��:�� -��:��

“Carbon Neutral City achieved by Next-generation Photovoltaics”

��:�� -��:��

��:�� - ��:��

Special Dialogue on the Energy Transition

��:�� - ��:��
��:�� - ��:��
��:�� - ��:��
��:�� - ��:��

Other Event

Other Event“Making just transitional changes towards deep decarbonisationin steel and cement industries - how to stimulate supply

Other Eventand demand for low to zero carbon products”

��:�� - ��:��

Concurrent Session 1
Global Stocktake

Concurrent Session 2
Food, Water and Climate Change

Summarizing Plenary Session
Overlooking the Outcome of All sessions at ICEF2023“Initial demand creation towards the expansion of the CDR market”

��:�� -��:��

Concurrent Session 5

The Co-hosted Event by UNIDO

Plenary Session 2

Carbon Dioxide Removal (CDR)

��:�� -��:��

Concurrent Session 4
Sustainable Aviation

GX Together

��:�� -��:��

Special Session

Conversation with Young-generation Innovators

Keynote 3
Panel Discussion

��:�� -��:��

Business Opportunities and Risks”

Nuclear Fusion Technology

Keynote 2
Video Message by the Director General of UNIDO, Mr. Gerd Müller

��:�� -��:��

“Global and Japanese Climate Transition Scenarios:

Other Event
NEDO Green Innovation Fund Projects Symposium

Other Event
The Co-hosted Event by BloombergNEF

Physics, Stanford University)��:�� -��:��

Concurrent Session 3
Innovative Use of Renewables

Professor, University of Tokyo; Executive Chief Fellow, IISE)
Prof. Steven Chu

ICEF Roadmap Project��:�� - ��:��

Closing Session
Announcement of the Roadmap by Mr. David Sandalow(ICEF Steering Committee)
Announcement of the Statement from the Steering Committee
by Prof. YAMAJI Kenji (ICEF Steering Committee)
Final Thoughts on the Event by Mr. TANAKA Nobuo(Chair of ICEF Steering Committee)
Closing Remarks by Mr. SAITO Tamotsu(Chairman of New Energy
and Industrial Technology Development Organization (NEDO))

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2023 Innovation for Cool Earth Forum

Opening Remarks
NISHIMURA Yasutoshi
Minister of Economy,
Trade and Industry, Japan

It is our great pleasure to hold the 10th Annual Meeting of the Innovation for Cool Earth Forum (ICEF) as one of the meetings inTOKYO GX WEEK. I would like to extend my warmest welcome to all of you who are participating in person and online. I would also
like to express my appreciation for the efforts of the Steering Committee members and all those who are involved.
Climate change is an issue that the whole world must urgently confront together, and we must achieve worldwide carbon neutrality
as soon as possible. However, the circumstances surrounding the energy situation vary from country to country. As agreed at
the G7 Meetings hosted by Japan this year, it is important to aim for our common goal of net-zero greenhouse gas emissions, while
acknowledging various pathways according to each country’s situation.
This year, the ICEF celebrates its 10th anniversary. In order to promote innovation, which is the key to solving global warming, theICEF has disseminated cutting-edge knowledge and measures to the world, raised awareness of climate change, and aimed topromote behavioral changes. The global situation has changed dramatically in the last 10 years, including climate change, thepandemic, and regional conflicts. In the face of these various challenges, innovation is the most important key to solving these
problems.
Japan will make a public-private investment of over 150 trillion yen (1 trillion U.S. dollars) to create the innovation that will be the key toachieving GX over the next 10 years through upfront investment support measures using GX Economy Transition Bonds, the world’s
first transition bond issued by a government. We will also continue to leverage the strength of Japan’s technological capabilities tolead the world in achieving carbon neutrality.
This year’s ICEF will discuss ways to build secure supply chains of the clean energy that is essential to achieving carbon neutrality,
and the importance of innovation in accelerating efforts toward carbon neutrality, as they relate to the global stocktake at the COP,
from a scientific perspective. We will also discuss a variety of topics, including the impact of climate change-induced droughts andfloods on food and water resources. Furthermore, with expectations for realizing nuclear fusion now increasing rapidly, thistechnology will be featured.
There are several promising nuclear fusion technologies emerging and many startups all over the world, including in Japan. Last
December, the Lawrence Livermore Laboratory in the United States announced that the energy generated by its reactor exceeded
the input necessary to create the fusion reaction. However, due to the limitations of the laser equipment and other factors, thereaction can only occur once a day. In contrast, “Hamamatsu Photonics” and the Osaka University venture “EX-Fusion” aredeveloping a high-speed repetitive irradiation technology for high-power lasers. Since nuclear fusion technology is a dreamtechnology that, if realized, will revolutionize the world, I would like to see a lively discussion on the current state of research anddevelopment and the challenges facing practical application.
In addition, many young innovators who will play a leading role in society in 2050, the year carbon neutrality is to be achieved, will also
be on stage this time. As young innovators will play important roles in the future, I hope that they will engage in active discussions on
a completely new “white canvas,” with ideas that are not bound by the past.
While we are still facing various global crises, I hope that the attendees will discuss how we can make powerful progress towardachieving carbon neutrality, and the results will be widely shared with the world, with the spirit that our ideas and technology cansolve problems.

5 ICEF2023 Report2023 Innovation for Cool Earth Forum

Keynote Sessions
Keynote 1

Speech by Prof. Steven Chu (Professor of
Physics, Professor of Molecular and Cellular
Physiology and Professor of Energy Scienceand Engineering, Department of Physics,
Stanford University)

Speech by Dr. NOGUCHI Soichi(Astronaut, Entrepreneur; CEO Miraispace Co., Ltd;
Professor, University of Tokyo; Executive Chief Fellow, IISE)

Keynote 2

Video Message by Mr. Gerd Müller
(Director General of the United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO))

Keynote 3

Panel Discussion by Prof. Andrew Zachary Fire (Professor, Pathology and Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine),
Sir Paul Maxime Nurse (Director, The Francis Crick Institute),
Prof. Phoebe Koundouri (Professor, Athens University of Economics and Business and Technical University of Denmark),
Dr. Marcia McNutt (President, U.S. National Academy of Sciences)and Moderated by Mr. TANAKA Nobuo (Chair of ICEF Steering Committee).

Keynote 4

Dialogue between Dr. Fatih Birol (Executive Director of International Energy Agency (IEA))
and Mr. TANAKA Nobuo (Chair of ICEF Steering Committee)(Pre-recorded dialogue)

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Plenary Sessions
Plenary Session 1

Innovative Policy Making

In this session, various aspects of energy and environmental policies were discussed. For example, Europe’ sstrengths in energy policy, including emission caps, evidence-based policy formulation, and stakeholder
consultations were emphasized. Europe positions its climate policy as a growth strategy which contributes toinnovation and competitiveness, but it was also emphasized that future policies must consider the circumstancesof member countries. The need to bridge the gap between knowledge, policy, and action was also pointed out.
Incorporating decarbonization policies into law, enforcing policies to promote project implementation, andachieving effective governance were proposed. The session included the U.S. government’ s support for
high-risk and high-performance R&D projects, including incorporating these technologies into policy andlegislation. Japan’ s initiatives to minimize waste through community partnerships were presented, and theimportance of innovation, youth involvement, and global collaboration was emphasized. Japan’ s potential forwind power and offshore wind was highlighted, and the need for infrastructure development and consensus
building with local industries for decarbonization was stressed. The importance of decarbonization policies in
the aviation sector was emphasized, and international collaboration, energy diversification, and renewable energy
infrastructure resilience were recommended.
During the panel discussion, participants argued that both top-down and bottom-up policy approaches haverespective advantages, suggesting the necessity of both perspectives, and emphasized the need for abackcasting approach for effective planning and implementation of the necessary infrastructure in thedevelopment of decarbonization technology infrastructure.
Changhua Wu (Moderator)

TANAKA Nobuo (Moderator)

ICEF Steering Committee

Chair, ICEF Steering Committee

Jean-Eric Paquet

SAKANO Akira

Ambassador, The European Union (EU) to Japan

Co-founder, Green innovation

IMAI Masanori

María Fernanda Espinosa Garcés

Chairman and representative director,

Former Minister of Foreign Affairs and of Defense of Ecuador;

TODA CORPORATION

Former President of the UN General Assembly
Executive Director, GWL Voices for Change and Inclusion

Evelyn Ning-Yi Wang

Henry Hooi Hing Lee

Director, Advanced Research Projects Agency-Energy

Founder,Volar Air Mobility(ARPA-E), U.S. Department of Energy

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Plenary Session 2

GX Together

In this session, various topics regarding the evolving energy landscape and the necessity for a just transition
amid global energy and environmental challenges were discussed. For instance, changing perceptions ofenergy in response to recent global events and the challenges in ensuring energy security with the increasingprominence of renewable energy sources were highlighted. Key actions for a just transition were proposed,
including collaboration with governments and related institutions to support carbon-intensive industries,
investment in employment, education, and reskilling, allocation of larger budgets for climate finance, and theestablishment of human-centered and gender-sensitive monitoring and reporting processes. The rapid
expansion of carbon footprints in developing countries due to economic growth and the need for tailoredmeasures to manage transition costs while supporting economic growth were also addressed. The importanceof investing in new technologies in addition to existing solutions was stressed. The necessity of a phase-out ofcoal-fired thermal power generation for a just transition and the limited technologies available for holding
global temperature rise to 1.5 °C were discussed, while stressing the importance of preventing stranded assets.
Empowering young leaders through increased investments in education, climate funds, and job opportunities
was advocated, and the need for education and re-skilling in carbon intensive industries and knowledge
sharing between countries was discussed. Related financial issues were also noted, including the phase-out ofcoal-fired thermal power, the balance of economic development and emissions reduction in developing nations,and the creation of jobs using untapped resources to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).
Potential systemic risks and injustices related to innovation, income redistribution through carbon border taxes
for developing countries, and government-level mechanisms to expand investments in decarbonization werealso discussed.
Jon David Moore (Moderator)

Hoesung Lee (Moderator)

ICEF Steering Committee

ICEF Steering Committee

Eija-Riitta Korhola

YAMAGUCHI Shinobu

ICEF Steering Committee

Director, Institute for the Advanced Study of Sustainability,
United Nations University

ISHIKAWA Tomohiro

Andrew Jeffries

Chief Regulatory Engagement Officer,

Just Energy Transition Partnership (JETP) Advisor,

Mitsubishi UFJ Financial Group

Energy Sector Office, Asian Development Bank

Humphrey Mrema
Chairman, Youth Survival Organization

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Summarizing Plenary Session- Overlooking the Outcome of All sessions at ICEF2023 In the summary session, each ICEF Steering Committee member gave remarks presenting an overview of all
the sessions and discussions held in ICEF2023, as well as ideas for the agenda of next year’ s ICEF2024.
As a review of all the sessions, the importance of innovative policy-making, the importance of accelerating
technological innovation and involving a diverse range of innovators, and the security of supply chains wereemphasized. The pivotal role of education, the necessity of a phase-out of fossil fuel facilities, and investment
in clean alternatives for ensuring a just transition were mentioned. While recognizing the challenges inaddressing the uncertainty of climate change, the importance of time and trust-building for addressing theseclimate and social issues was emphasized. The importance of addressing problems in the agricultural sector,
especially concerning water consumption and waste, and the necessity of public acceptance of renewableenergy were also mentioned.
As important agenda items for the future, the necessity of integrating climate change in the context of theSDGs, the roles of innovation and artificial intelligence (AI), finance, an integrated approach, and a balanced,
open, and inclusive dialogue were emphasized.
The session concluded with advice to world leaders emphasizing persistence, science-based policies, clear
strategies, and an unwavering commitment to mitigating climate change.

ICEF Steering Committee Members
TANAKA Nobuo (Chair)

Sally Merrick Benson

Georg Erdmann

Eija-Riitta Korhola

KURODA Reiko

Hoesung Lee

Vikram Singh Mehta

Jon David Moore

Valli Moosa

Nebojsa Nakicenovic

David Sandalow

Ismail Serageldin

Vaclav Smil

Changhua Wu

YAMAJI Kenji

9 ICEF2023 Report2023 Innovation for Cool Earth Forum

Concurrent Sessions
Concurrent Session 1

Global Stocktake

In this session, the discussion focused on the Global Stocktake (GST), a mechanism to assess progress inefforts to reduce greenhouse gas emissions stipulated in the Paris Agreement. Ms. Heather N. Maseko-Msyale(UNFCCC), who opened the session, gave an outline of the GST process and presented the process itself,
moving from the technical phase of the assessment into the current political phase. Professor Petra Minnerop(Durham University) then introduced an innovative legal argument about the role of the NDCs (Nationally
Determined Contributions) and the GST as an interplay, arguing that NDCs are unilateral acts underinternational law, and are qualified through the GST. Ms. Akibi Tsukui (IGES) noted that the importance of theinvolvement of non-state actors such as the private sector, academia, and NGOs has been recognized throughthe GST process, and GST outcomes at COP28 need to be actionable and implementable so that citizens cantake action.
Closing the session, Mr. David Sandalow, the moderator, pointed out that the focus on innovation highlighted at
the ICEF played directly into the shaping of the Paris Agreement in some very important ways, both ininnovative diplomacy and the focus on innovation in the Agreement. He concluded that the ICEF continues tobe very closely connected with the UNFCCC process, including with dialogue on important topics like the GST
that will be central to COP28.

David Sandalow (Moderator)

Petra Minnerop

ICEF Steering Committee

Professor of International Law, Durham Law Shool,
Durham University

TSUKUI Akibi

Heather N. Maseko-Msyale

Fellow, Institute for Global Environmental Strategies

Programme Officer, UNFCCC

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Concurrent Session 2

Food, Water and Climate ChangeThis session highlighted the need for collaboration and innovation, and not a business-as-usual approach, toaddress the challenges of food, water, and climate change. Food-related issues in vulnerable regions of Africa
were discussed, emphasizing the need for cross-sector collaboration, clarification of the roles of government,
and innovative resilience approaches. An example of a platform for participation by next-generation scientists
were also presented. A human rights approach based on a low-carbon economy and climate-smart world were
proposed, emphasizing the need for climate-smart solutions for resource efficiency, energy security by
investing in renewables, and market entry through agricultural innovation. For water resources, reducing
carbon emissions, conserving water resources to achieve the SDGs, and promoting low-carbon initiatives wereargued. The need to transform food production, consumption, and land management to combat rising global
temperatures, while relating food security to soil quality, was emphasized. A model that integrates foodsecurity, GHG reduction, biodiversity agreements, and related issues was introduced. Simultaneously withoffering policy recommendations, mobilization of partners to realize food security and sustainability was also
proposed.
The discussions in this session stressed the need to address agriculture and food production as important as
reducing fossil fuels when discussing climate change. The discussion of food loss included post-production
and post-harvest waste, and recommended a review of food expiration dates and labeling in developed
countries.

Ismail Serageldin (Moderator)

Patricia Scotland

ICEF Steering Committee

Secretary-General of the CommonwealthPhoebe Koundouri

Dhesigen Pydiah Naidoo

Professor, Athens University of Economics and Business

Executive, Climate Adaptation and Resilience,

and Technical University of Denmark

Presidential Climate Commission

Rattan Lal

Faten Attig-Bahar

Distinguished University Professor and Director,

Steering Committee member, Future Earth Water-Energy-Food

CFAES Rattan Lal Center for Carbon Management

Nexus Global Research Network

and Sequestration, The Ohio State University

11 ICEF2023 Report2023 Innovation for Cool Earth Forum

Concurrent Session 3

Innovative Use of Renewables

This session highlighted the importance of innovative use of renewable energy. The role of renewable energy
needs to be considered systematically, not only in terms of supply, but also conversion methods and end uses.
The importance of public-private sector collaboration and technical solutions for grid integration of variable
renewable energy in expanding the use of renewable energy was pointed out. Trends in cutting-edge
renewable energy generation technologies, including perovskite solar cells and next-generation floating
offshore wind turbine technologies such as the double inverted vertical shaft turbine were introduced. Theinterconnected “jukebox” approach to reaching the last mile of renewable electricity access in developing
countries and community-engaging approaches that have proved successful in deploying geothermal power
were also discussed.
The issue of inertia accompanying massive integration of renewable power was discussed, and solutions suchas power-to-gas (P2G) hydrogen/ammonia production technologies and digitalizing the grid were mentioned.
Innovative uses of renewable energy included conversion of low-cost renewables to hydrogen and its
derivatives, hydrogen applications, and local use of renewables tailored to local needs. The importance ofrecycling renewable power generation equipment and motivation to use renewables was also emphasized.

Nebojsa Nakicenovic (Moderator)

YAMAJI Kenji (Moderator)

ICEF Steering Committee

ICEF Steering Committee

KURODA Reiko (Moderator)

Bjørn Simonsen

ICEF Steering Committee

CEO, World Wide Wind AS

Douglas Arent

Rebecca Bregant

Executive Director, Strategic Public-Private Partnerships,

Co-founder & CMO, PineBerryThe National Renewable Energy Laboratory

SANDO Akihiro

NIKI Shigeru

Senior Researcher, Renewable Energy Institute

Director General,
Sustainable Energy Unit, Technology Strategy Center,
New Energy and Industrial Technology Development
Organization (NEDO)

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Concurrent Session 4

Sustainable Aviation

In this session, the latest sustainable aviation technologies for reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions werediscussed. GHG emissions from the global air transport sector account for more than 2%, but are expected torise in the future. The future of aviation fuels is considered to be hydrogen, Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF),
and electricity. Four experts in SAF and electric aircraft discussed the competitiveness, applicability, andoperating costs of future aviation fuels, as well as the necessity of government subsidies. SAF and electric
aircraft are not competing technologies, and are capable of coexisting.
Although electricity will be superior to hydrogen and SAF in operation cost, symbiosis of fuels based on energy
density and the type of aircraft is possible. For example, low-energy density electricity may be advantageous
for small aircraft, whereas SAF is suitable for large aircraft owing to its high energy density. While the current
cost of fossil fuels is low, new technologies with government support can compete in different ways in the
future as society progresses toward decarbonization. The development of these technologies will make itpossible to achieve “sustainable aviation.”

Georg Erdmann (Moderator)

Vikram Singh Mehta (Moderator)

ICEF Steering Committee

ICEF Steering Committee

ENOMOTO Hiroshi

NISHIMURA Yuki

Director, Technology Strategy Center, NEDO;

Program Manager, Sustainability Co-Creation Unit,

Associate Prof., Institute of Science and Engineering,JGC Holdings

Kanazawa University

Laura Leoncini

Ada TseSenior Business Developer,

Co-founder and Director, Volar Air Mobility

Energy Transition and Digital Services, Eaton

13 ICEF2023 Report2023 Innovation for Cool Earth Forum

Concurrent Session 5

Nuclear Fusion Technology

In this session, the discussion focused mainly on the role of the ITER project, the need for public and private
investment in fusion technology, and the role of the private sector, including start-up companies. Dr. Yutaka
Kamada introduced the ITER project as a platform for fusion technology and human resource development
which is open to the world. Dr. Scott Hsu and Mr. Carl Page pointed out that fusion is a useful option forachieving climate change goals while ensuring economic rationality, and accelerated public and private
investment is needed in order to reach the demonstration stage. Ms. Francesca Ferrazza and Mr. Takaya
Taguchi, representing a major energy company and a start-up company, introduced their companies’ efforts
and future visions for magnetic confinement fusion technology.
During the Q&A session, in response to a question on ways to accelerate the fusion technology development
cycle, the speakers answered that collaboration between the public and private sectors is necessary fordemonstrations of various technologies and approaches. In response to a question on the efforts required toestablish a supply chain, the speakers answered that it is necessary to prepare common global standards andregulations.
Sally Merrick Benson (Moderator)

TANAKA Nobuo (Moderator)

ICEF Steering Committee

Chair, ICEF Steering Committee

TAGUCHI Takaya

Scott C. Hsu

CEO, Helical Fusion Co., Ltd.

Senior Advisor and Lead Fusion Coordinator,
Office of the Under Secretary for Science and Innovation,
U.S. Department of Energy

KAMADA Yutaka

Carl Page

Deputy Director General, ITER Organization

President and Co-Founder, Energy,
Anthropocene InstituteFrancesca Ferrazza
Head, Magnetic Fusion Initiatives, Eni S.p.A.

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Other Events
Other Event

NEDO Green Innovation Fund Projects Symposium“Carbon Neutral City achieved by Next-generation Photovoltaics”

Large-scale introduction of renewables is underway worldwide with the aim of achieving carbon neutrality. One issue in such
efforts is carbon neutrality in urban areas, where renewable energy installation locations are limited. Perovskite photovoltaics are
expected to be a next-generation photovoltaic which is suitable for these conditions.
In this session, experts from industry, academia, and government focused on the overview of R&D and demonstrations ofperovskite photovoltaics in Japan’s “Green Innovation Fund Projects,” and discussed various ways to achieve cost reduction andimplementation strategies.
They also emphasized the importance of active stakeholder involvement, as dissemination in urban areas requires the support ofbuilding integrated photovoltaic (BIPV) specialists, local governments, and urban planners. In this context, the discussion
highlighted the fact that “Green Innovation Fund Projects” offer a good model for promoting the expansion of photovoltaics withthe cooperation of multiple stakeholders in Japan and the world.

TAKAMURA Yukari (Moderator)
Professor, Institute for Future Initiatives, The University of Tokyo

YAMAZAKI Mitsuhiro

BESSHO Takeru

Director, New Energy Technology Department, NEDO

Section Manager, PV Group, R&D Center Corporate,
Sekisui Chemical Company, Ltd.

YAMAMOTO KenjiFrancesco Frontini

Senior Officer, General Manager, Photovoltaic & Thin Film Device
Research Laboratories, Kaneka Corporation

Head of Building System Sector Department for Environment
Construction and Design (DACD), University of Applied Sciences andArts of Southern Switzerland (SUPSI)

Nguyen Minh Tien

ANZAI Kazutaka

Power Leader, Power Department,
Thang Long Industrial Park (Vinh Phuc) Corporation

Deputy Director, New and Renewable Energy Division,
Agency for Natural Resources and Energy

Other Event

Carbon Dioxide Removal (CDR)“Initial demand creation towards the expansion of the CDR market”

In the keynote speeches of this session, Japanese and U.S. policy makers introduced trends from both countries toward
expansion of the market for Carbon Dioxide Removal (CDR). Japan presented the future direction of government support andrule formation based on the discussions of the Study Group for Creating Markets of Negative Emissions Technologies, and theUnited States introduced an overview of carbon management activities, including the Inflation Reduction Act, DAC Hub, andactivities under Mission Innovation.
The panel discussion invited CDR project developers (suppliers), buyers, and trade intermediaries to consider the necessity of
CDR for realizing net-zero emissions, the merits and significance of early efforts, measures necessary for future market
expansion, and the role of initial demand.

TANAKA Tetsuya (Moderator / Speaker)

Mark Ackiewicz

Deputy Director General, Industrial Science, Technology
and Environment Policy Bureau, METI

Director, Office of Fossil Energy & Carbon Management,
U.S. Department of Energy (DOE)

Christoph Beuttler

KOYAMA Masao

Chief Climate Policy Officer, Climate Policy, Climeworks

Head of Carbon Dioxide Removal, Mitsubishi Corporation

KODA Kazura
Project Manager, Mitsui O.S.K Lines, Ltd.

15 ICEF2023 Report2023 Innovation for Cool Earth Forum

Other Event

Conversation with Young-generation Innovators

In this session, the roles of young innovators and start-ups in achieving a decarbonized society were discussed. The session
brought together some of the most inspiring early-to-mid-career innovators from around the world for a dialogue with members of
the ICEF Steering Committee who have been playing crucial roles in advancing innovation and the clean energy revolution.
Topics ranged from communication with the public, entrepreneurship, and education to the role of social media. The speakers
presented examples of ideas based on their own experience, for example, the use of picture books to help foster the interest of
future generations in climate change, and the significance of exchanging information not only through social media but also by
face-to-face communication. The speakers, conversely, addressed questions to the ICEF Steering Committee members. The
importance of the participation of younger generations and women in decision-making was discussed. An advisory group ofyoung innovators in each government was also proposed for the possible contribution to carbon neutrality. It was also argued
that this type of forum should continue to be held in the future.

Changhua Wu (Moderator)

Nebojsa Nakicenovic (Moderator)

ICEF Steering Committee

ICEF Steering Committee

Andrew Zachary FireTAGUCHI Takaya

Professor, Pathology and Genetics,
Stanford University School of Medicine

CEO, Helical Fusion Co., Ltd.

Laura Leoncini

SANDO Akihiro

Senior Business Developer, Energy Transition and Digital Services, Eaton

Senior Researcher, Renewable Energy Institute

Trishna Nagrani

Jing Chen

Co-founder, Kaiku

Postdoctoral researcher, School of Social Sciences, Tsinghua University

WADA Natsumi

Faten Attig-Bahar

Environment and Human Rights officer,SOLIT, Inc.

Steering Committee member,
Future Earth Water-Energy-Food Nexus Global Research Network

Other Event

The Co-hosted Event by BloombergNEF “Global and Japanese
Climate Transition Scenarios : Business Opportunities and Risks”

In this session, BloombergNEF (BNEF) discussed its global and Japanese climate transition scenarios, and highlighted business
opportunities and risks related to the energy transition.
In the first half of the session, BNEF discussed its scenario exercises analyzing long-term energy outlooks(https://about.bnef.com/new-energy-outlook-series/). The modeling takes account of the technology costs of the power,transport, industry, and building sectors, and applies a carbon budget, or emission constraints, to the Net Zero Scenario in which
the world achieves net zero while meeting the target of the Paris Agreement. The Net Zero Scenario underscores the importanceof immediate decarbonization efforts, the deployment of emerging climate technologies in all sectors, and the huge investment
opportunities in the energy transition globally. BNEF also provided policy recommendations that governments could consider inorder to keep on track to net zero.
In the second half, BNEF showcased the risks and opportunities of the energy transition for companies, and highlighted theimportance of portfolio evaluation based on forward-looking measures, including levels of exposures to the energy transition.
(https://about.bnef.com/blog/climate-transition-an-accelerating-threat-to-corporate-futures/)

Jonas Rooze

Ali Izadi Najafabadi

Head of Sustainability and Climate Research, BloombergNEF

Head of Asia Pacific, BloombergNEF

KIKUMA Isshu
Japan Energy Senior Associate, BloombergNEF

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2023 Innovation for Cool Earth Forum

Other Event

The Co-hosted Event by UNIDO “Making just transitional changes
towards deep decarbonisation in steel and cement industries how to stimulate supply and demand for low to zero carbon products”

In this session, the speakers discussed how to achieve deep decarbonization in the steel and cement industries by sharing thechallenges they face in day-to-day activities and views on the necessary conditions for promoting industrial decarbonization.
As the organizer of this event, UNIDO introduced the Industrial Deep Decarbonization Initiative (IDDI), a global coalition of thegovernmental and private sectors aimed at stimulating demand for low carbon materials through green public procurement byharmonizing global standards.
As the keynote speaker, Dr. Chris Bataille of Columbia University Center on Global Energy Policy presented his views on thechallenges, possible solutions, and technologies to accelerate industrial decarbonization in the global context. He stressed that
efficiency and circularity are particularly important for decarbonization of these industries, which are the world’s largest CO2
emitter.
In the Panel Discussion following the keynote address, four speakers from the public and private sectors discussed
decarbonization of the steel and cement industries from the viewpoints of data collection and reporting, finance and incentives,
R&D, and international partnerships. The necessity of international cooperation, including public-private partnerships, foreffectively addressing the challenges of industrial decarbonization was discussed and affirmed.

SUZUKI Yoshinari (MC)Rana Ghoneim (Moderator)

Industrial Development Officer,
Division of Decarbonization and Sustainable Energy,
United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO)

Chief, Energy Systems and Industrial Decarbonization Unit,
United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO)

Chris Bataille (Keynote Speaker)

Canan Derinöz Gencel

Adjunct Research Fellow,
Columbia University Centre on Global Energy Policy (CGEP)

Director, Environment and Climate Change Department,
Turkish Cement Manufacturer Association (TURKCIMENTO)

Thomas Guillot

Ayman Fathy

Chief Executive, Global Cement and Concrete Association

Product Development & Quality Control Executive Manager, EZZ Steel

DOHNOMAE Hitoshi
Chair, International Environmental Strategic Committee,
The Japan Iron and Steel Federation

Special Session

Special Dialogue on the Energy Transition

In this session, three prominent speakers debated the current global situation and pathways toward net-zero emissions. It wasemphasized that the energy transition is not a transition from gadget A to gadget B, but a change in the world as a whole; that is,
everything has to change. We are not on track toward net-zero emissions, and we must take really dramatic, fast, deep action ona scale that we are not doing, and do not grasp, at present. The possibility that we may overshoot our climate targets and try to
reduce greenhouse gas afterwards by negative carbon emissions was mentioned. It may be valuable to go back to theagricultural sector, because there is much that can be done to transform that sector from a major contributor to problems to amajor contributor to solutions. It was also noted that innovation is the key to achieving net-zero emissions, and there areopportunities for innovation everywhere.

David Sandalow (Moderator)

Ismail Serageldin

ICEF Steering Committee

ICEF Steering Committee

Vaclav Smil

Michael Liebreich

ICEF Steering Committee

Chairman & CEO, Liebreich Associates

17 ICEF2023 Report2023 Innovation for Cool Earth Forum

Closing Session

1

2

3

4

1

Announcement of the Roadmap
David Sandalow
ICEF Steering Committee2Announcement of the Statement from the Steering Committee
YAMAJI Kenji
ICEF Steering Committee

3 Final Thoughts on the Event

TANAKA Nobuo
Chair of ICEF Steering Committee

4

Closing Remarks
SAITO Tamotsu
Chairman of New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization (NEDO)

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2023 Innovation for Cool Earth Forum

Statement
ICEF2023 Statement from the Steering Committee
October 5, 2023

ICEF’s 10th Anniversary
The 2023 Innovation for Cool Earth Forum or ICEF celebrates its 10th anniversary.
Taking this memorable opportunity, the Steering Committee is issuing the following special statement, looking back at
the journey travelled collectively in the past nine years and looking forward to the next decade.

1. What we have achieved since the ICEF inaugural annual meeting in 2014
In 2014, ICEF was initiated by Japan’s late former Prime Minister Abe Shinzo, who “proposed the establishment of a
new international conference where the world’s leading policy makers, businesspersons, and researchers can meet andcooperate with each other to address climate change through innovation” . He participated in the first annual meeting,which, he stated, was “an unprecedented attempt, an energy- and environment-focused version of the World Economic
Forum.”
One of the early achievements of ICEF was helping shape the Paris Agreement, by highlighting the importance ofinnovation in the negotiations that led to the success of COP21 in 2015.
In 2016, ICEF championed the ambitious goal of achieving “at least net-zero anthropogenic CO2 emissions.”
Since then, ICEF’s continuous advocacy for this goal has contributed to many countries, sub-national entities andcompanies pledging to achieve net-zero emissions around the mid-century.
Since its inception, ICEF’s consistent message has been that innovation, both technological and social, is essential toaddressing climate change. With this belief in mind, ICEF has elaborated on the roles of both the public and private
sectors. International cooperation has also become a central theme.
Since 2017, ICEF’s strong creed has been that diversity, inclusiveness and justice must be enhanced to address thesocial and governance aspects of climate change. At ICEF conferences, a balanced participation including youth andwomen has been realized and led to multi-faceted discussions.
ICEF has consistently adopted a technology-neutral approach to decarbonization, including discussion of renewables,
sustainable nuclear power, carbon capture and storage, and new end-use technologies across all sectors.
ICEF’s contributions also include the development of innovation roadmaps for clean energy technologies. Roadmaps
on carbon utilization, direct air capture, carbon mineralization and low-carbon ammonia, among other topics, havehelped inform a wide range of stakeholders about technologies that can help achieve net zero emissions. The term
“biomass carbon removal and storage (BiCRS)” was first proposed in an ICEF roadmap and is now used widely.
ICEF has been a unique forum for a wide range of stakeholders to interact and advocate for innovation in addressing
climate change. In Japan, ICEF has attracted a series of other relevant international conferences on its margin, now
culminating as the “Tokyo GX Week.”
As ICEF has evolved over the past nine years, the global situation surrounding climate change has significantly
changed. After the adoption of the Paris Agreement in 2015, the IPCC Special Report on 1.5°C in 2018 created further
momentum for countries and regions to commit to net-zero around the mid-century. We have witnessed massive
deployment of new technologies, most notably with renewables and electric vehicles. However a huge gap remains
between countries’ Nationally-Determined Contributions (NDCs) and the 1.5°C pathway. Accelerated progress isneeded to fill this gap.

19 ICEF2023 Report2023 Innovation for Cool Earth Forum

2. What we need to advance the green transformation (GX)
Under Japan’s presidency this year, the G7 leaders in Hiroshima agreed to “globally advance and promote a green
transformation, working together to realize transformation of our economies”.
Obviously agreement among the G7 is not necessarily a global consensus, but green transformation or GX is ourcommon challenge and shared opportunity.
The G7 leaders are “commit(ted) to holistically addressing energy security, the climate crisis, and geopolitical risks.”
They also said, “While acknowledging various pathways according to each country’s energy situation, industrial andsocial structures and geographical conditions, we highlight that these should lead to our common goal of net-zero by
2050.” Such statements show the basic and shared directions for us to pursue GX.
To increase energy security and reduce the risk of adverse environmental impacts from the energy transition, it isimperative to expand and diversify supply chains for clean energy technologies and find substitutes for critical minerals.
Efforts by developed economies alone are far from sufficient. Strengthening North-South international cooperation on
topics including transfer of technologies and climate finance is essential.

3. Towards the future
ICEF’s fundamental role and mission remain unchanged. We remain firmly committed to promoting both technologicaland social innovation while strengthening diversity and inclusiveness. In the years ahead, our efforts will be enhanced.
As AR6 of IPCC pointed out, the choices and actions in this decade will have impacts now and for thousands of years
to come. More urgently than ever, we need to accelerate scaling of solutions to tackle the climate crisis in this critical
decade.
ICEF embraces new focal challenges, including accelerating deployment of the solutions available today and continuing
to innovate approaches for reducing greenhouse gas emissions and removing carbon dioxide from the atmosphere.
In doing so, ICEF underscores the importance of not only country perspectives but also sectoral thinking, particularly
on hard-to-abate sectors. In addition, sustainable finance deserves stronger focus. The financial community needs tobe engaged more in scaling up deployment of clean energy technologies.
ICEF is dedicated to developing new, diverse and secure supply chains for critical materials, energy technologies andmanufacturing.
ICEF pays particular attention to increasing the scale and improving the effectiveness of North-South collaboration to
help the Global South thrive in the energy transition and manage inevitable climate impacts.
ICEF continues to empower the next generation of innovators to succeed in bringing new solutions to fruition by
supporting those innovators to interact directly with global leaders, access resources and reach new markets.

ICEF 2023
Under the main theme of “Innovation for Just, Secure and Sustainable Global Green Transformation (GX)”, the ICEF’s
tenth annual meeting (ICEF2023) was convened in a hybrid format on October 4 and 5, 2023 as an initiative of the“Tokyo GX Week”, when a series of 10 conferences discussed a wide range of energy and environmental issues.
Around 1,700 people from governments, international organizations, industry, and academia participated in this event,representing 79 countries and regions. At the conclusion of ICEF2023, the Steering Committee summarizes a series of
discussions as follows.

ICEF2023 Report 20

2023 Innovation for Cool Earth ForumICEF2023 had in-depth discussions on innovative policy-making for building secure and resilient supply chains ofenergy and resources. The need for cross-border cooperation was identified and the interface of policy, technology,
finance and innovation was discussed.
ICEF2023 also discussed “GX together” where GX is pursued inclusively with no one left behind. Just transition was
discussed from regional and socio-economic perspectives, and the role of public and private blended financing
mechanisms were elaborated.
Leading experts dealt with the following five specific issues:
First, the Global Stocktake, a process to inform the Parties to UN Framework Convention on Climate Change in
updating and enhancing their NDCs every five years under the Paris Agreement. The first Global Stocktake will soon
culminate at COP 28. ICEF2023 provided an excellent opportunity to collect the views of the private sector and
NGOs.
Second, linkages between food, water, energy, and climate change. Sustainable agriculture and food security inrelation to water and soil, as well as adaptation and resilience measures needed for addressing climate change, werediscussed.
Third, the innovative and inclusive use of renewables. Topics included how maximize benefits and minimize negative
impacts on local communities, environments and ecosystems through synergies and co-benefits with the 17 UN
Sustainable Development Goals. The role of developing economies was emphasized.
Fourth, sustainable aviation. Topics included forecasting sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) supply beyond 2050,
identifying alternatives for aviation fuels and opportunities for improving propulsion system such as hydrogenelectric powertrain.
Fifth, nuclear fusion technology. Recent trends, including the role of startups and university spin-offs in developing
promising technologies and attracting investment, were discussed.
The ICEF Steering Committee expresses our deepest appreciation for the active participation of speakers andaudience at ICEF 2023 and at the previous nine meetings. We remain firmly committed to engaging diverse
stakeholders, in particular leading youth, women and innovators, and thereby creating stronger momentum fortechnological and social innovation for a carbon-neutral and sustainable future.

21 ICEF2023 Report2023 Innovation for Cool Earth Forum

Roadmap Project
ICEF Roadmap Project

Artificial Intelligence for Climate Change Mitigation

A draft roadmap on “Artificial Intelligence for Climate Change Mitigation” was presented in this session. In the
Introduction, Mr. Sandalow explained that the roadmap is based on the question, “How can AI reducegreenhouse gas emissions?” The Roadmap examines areas where AI could reduce emissions, including GHG
emission monitoring, power systems, manufacturing, materials innovation, food systems, and road transport,
discusses cross-cutting topics such as barriers, risks, and policies, and summarizes findings andrecommendations.
Dr. Kucukelbir of Columbia University explained the three elements of AI (data, model, and computation) andemphasized that AI relies on machine learning, Ms. Nagrani of KAIKU referred to the impact of climate change,
and Dr. Friedmann of Carbon Direct introduced climate change models as an example of AI applications. Dr.
McCormick of Carbon Direct noted the potential use of AI in processing large-scale sensor data for monitoring
methane emissions, but pointed out barriers such as AI literacy. Mr. Fan of Columbia University mentioned thepotential application of AI in developing energy system models for power grid infrastructure, and Ms. Leal of
Columbia University mentioned that application of AI to agriculture could reduce food system emissions, which
are estimated to account for 30% of global GHG emissions.
During the Q&A session, questions included the possibility of using AI to improve lifecycle emissions and torecognize indigenous knowledge. The panelists indicated the possibility of using AI to develop materials
optimized for decarbonization through LCA, and the moderator introduced a case study of a dramatic increasein translation performance through AI-based language interpretation, and pointed out the possibility offacilitating cross-cultural communication in the future.
David Sandalow (Moderator)
ICEF Steering Committee

Julio Friedmann

Zhiyuan Fan

Senior Scientist, Carbon Direct

Ph.D student, research associate, Columbia University

Colin McCormick

Alp Kucukelbir

Chief Innovation Officer, Carbon Direct

Associate Adjunct Professor, Computer Science,
Columbia University

Trishna Nagrani

Elena Méndez Leal

Co-founder, Kaiku

School of International and Public Affairs, Columbia University

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2023 Innovation for Cool Earth Forum

Steering Committee Members
TANAKA Nobuo (Chair)
Former Executive Director, International Energy Agency (IEA);
CEO, Tanaka Global, Inc

23 ICEF2023 Report

Adnan Z. Amin

Sally Merrick Benson

Senior Research Fellow, Belfer Center for Science

Professor, Energy Science and Engineering,and International Affairs,

Stanford University;

Harvard University’s Kennedy School of Government;
Director General Emeritus, IRENA;

Deputy Director for Energy and Chief Strategist
for the Energy Transition,

Senior Adviser to COP 28 President

White House Office of Science and Technology Policy

Georg Erdmann

Eija-Riitta Korhola

Retired Chair of Energy Systems, Faculty of Process
Engineering, Berlin University of Technology;
President of the Board, KSB Energie AG, Berlin

Delegate of the Consultative Commission
for Industrial Change European Economic andSocial Committee

KURODA Reiko

Hoesung Lee

Designated Professor, Frontier Research Institute,
Chubu University;
Professor Emeritus, The University of Tokyo;
Member, G7 GEAC (Gender Equality Advisory Council)
2023

Former Chair of the Intergovernmental Panelon Climate Change (IPCC)

Richard K. Lester

Vikram Singh Mehta

Associate Provost,International Activities,
Massachusetts Institute of Technology

Chairman, Center for Social and Economic
Progress (CSEP) Research Foundation

Jon David Moore

Valli Moosa

Chief Executive Officer, BloombergNEF

Head of the South African Presidential
Climate Commission;
Former President of the International Union forConservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN)

Nebojsa Nakicenovic

David Sandalow

Vice Chair of the Group of Chief Scientific Advisors(GCSA) to the European Commission;
Honorary and Emeritus Scholar, International Institutefor Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA);
Emeritus Professor of Energy Economics, Vienna
University of Technology (TU Wien)

Inaugural Fellow, Center on Global Energy Policy,
Columbia University;
Co-Director, Energy and Environment Concentration,
School of International and Public Affairs,
Columbia University

Ismail Serageldin

Vaclav Smil

Co-Chair of the Board of Nizami Ganjavi International
Center (NGIC);
Emeritus Librarian of Alexandria;
Former VP of the World Bank

Distinguished Professor Emeritus, University of Manitoba

Changhua Wu

YAMAJI Kenji

China /Asia Director, Office of Jeremy Rifkin;
Co-founder, Professional Association for China’s
Environment;
Chief Strategist, CN Innovation;
Vice Chair, Governing Council, Asia Pacific Water Forum

President,
Research Institute of Innovative Technology
for the Earth (RITE);
Professor Emeritus, The University of Tokyo2023 Innovation for Cool Earth Forum

Messages from Co-Hosts
Ministry of Foreign Affairs

HOSAKA Yasushi
Parliamentary Vice-Minister for Foreign Affairs

As attention to increases in the run-up to COP28, where assesses the global progress of climate actions, I congratulate
ICEF for providing a valuable opportunity for leaders from industry, government, and academia from various countries andregions to gather and discuss innovations to achieve net-zero.
The G7 Hiroshima Leaders’ Communiqué included a commitment to “holistically addressing energy security, the climate crisis, andgeopolitical risks.” In light of the recent international situation, it has been becoming more and more of an issue how each country canachieve a balance between energy security and climate actions. Innovation is the very key to achieving this goal.
I hope that this conference will bring an excellent outcome that will lead to solutions to climate change.

Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology

YAMADA Taro
Parliamentary Vice-Minister of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology

On behalf of MEXT, one of the co-sponsors, I would like to extend my congratulations on the holding of ICEF2023, whereleaders from industry, academia, and government are gathering to discuss climate change issues.
In order to achieve carbon neutrality, it is essential for industry, academia, and governments worldwide to harness their capabilities to create
innovation through research and development.
Today leaders from around the world with diverse backgrounds from government, international organizations, industry, academia, and others
will discuss and consider innovation, which is the key for solving global warming issues. We hope that the importance of such approaches will
be communicated to the wider world.
I wish to thank you all for your great contributions and to express my sincere hope that this Forum will further promote international
cooperation. Thank you.

Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries

TAKAHASHI Mitsuo
Parliamentary Vice-Minister for Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries

I would like to express my appreciation to the leading figures representing the industries, governments and academia
attending this forum, which celebrates its 10th anniversary.
Based on the MIDORI Strategy launched in May 2021 and the related law enforced last year, MAFF is striving to achieve both increased
productivity and sustainability in the agriculture and food system through innovation.
In addition, under “ASEAN-Japan MIDORI Cooperation Plan” adopted in October this year, we envisage to enhance resilient and sustainableagriculture and food system for our ASEAN partners in the Asian-monsoon region, which has climatic condition similar to Japan.
Through these efforts, MAFF continues to be committed to achieve carbon neutrality by 2050.

Ministry of the Environment

ASAHI Kentaro
Parliamentary Vice-Minister of the Environment

Japan presided at the G7 Ministers’ Meeting on Climate, Energy and Environment in Sapporo this year, where we sharedrecognition of the importance of realizing net-zero, circular economies and nature-positive economies in an integrated
manner. This outcome carried through to the G7 Hiroshima Summit, where we also reaffirmed that “while Russia’s war of aggression against
Ukraine impacts energy markets and supply chains globally, our goal to achieve net-zero greenhouse gas emissions by 2050 at the latest
remains unchanged.”
I hope everyone’s discussion about innovations needed to move the world forward to achieving its goals in the face of various challenges
contributes to the realization of net-zero by 2050.

ICEF2023 Report 24

2023 Innovation for Cool Earth ForumICEF2023 Photo Gallery

25 ICEF2023 Report2023 Innovation for Cool Earth ForumICEF2023 Report 26

ICEF2024
11th Annual Meeting
Autumn, 2024
(Tentative)

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