The Future of 5G on the Factory floor
Rob Lodesky
HMS Industrial Networks

Table of Contents
Release 16 – Where are we today?

Release 17 – mmWave enhancement, RedCap, & Device Management

Release 18 – Industrial Sensor enhancement

Release 19 – Ambient IoT

6G – Below the 1 ms latency

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Timeline

Release 192029

6G (Release 21)
2030

Release 182027
Release 172025

Release 162023

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Release 16 Technologies•

URLLC enhancements– Traffic Scheduling enhancements• Priority of priorities– IP routable compression– Reliability enhancements through downlink sub-slot monitoring

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Release 16 Technologies•

URLLC enhancements

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TSN Enablement

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TSN Enablement

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Continued Challenges•IP routing challenges– SGMP Snooping– Discovery protocols– DLR• Layer 2 protocols

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Continued Challenges•IP routing solutions– Ethernet PDU’s– GRE– VXLANTechnical Track© 2023 ODVA, Inc.

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9Continued Challenges

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mmWave Enhancements•

Higher frequency, shorter lengths– Beamforming can increase this•Much larger Bandwidth– 40x Compared to 4G

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•
•
•

Within mmWave range
Short or long packet processing
necessary
Possible control loop thru 5G

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mmWave Enhancements

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Reduced Capacity (RedCap)•••

Power efficient 5G
Better determinism, lower cost products
Reduced cost, battery powered sensors

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URLLC Enhancements•••

Enable Timing principles on the Transport network
Timing Synchronization status and reporting
Service time based on Subscription

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AI/ML Framework

Training data

Trained/updated model

Model Training

Performance feedback/Retraining Request

Datacollection

Monitoring DataManagement

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Model Storage

Selection/(de)activation/switching/fallback

Output for
Monitoring

Inference data

Model transfer/delivery
requestInference

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Model transfer/delivery

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URLLC Enhancements
Timing Synchronization status and reporting

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URLLC Enhancements
Service time based on Subscription

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••
•

Ambient IoTBatteryless Connectivity
Overall Goal: Integrated sensing and communication

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•
•

Biggest Energy consumer is crystal Oscillator
Use the signal!

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Topologies

Topology 1Topology 3a with downlink
assistanceTechnical Track© 2023 ODVA, Inc.

Topology 2Topology
4Topology 3b with uplinkassistance

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Failure of RFID

RFID does not support large area continuous
coverage, infeasible to meet industry demandof whole-process automation

RFID only fits short range single-point
operation, still needs human resource✓✓

✓





Source: Global RFID Sensor Market, Global Industry Analysis, Size, Share, Growth, Trends and Forecast, 2021–2031

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Ambient IoT for Intralogistics in Automobile Manufacturing
Dock⚫

⚫

Fast Reading fornon-stop forklift– 100 tags/s
In/out detectionof forklift– Tag movingdirection

Commercial deployment of RFID in dock area of factory

Floor, Sorting area, Production line⚫

⚫

⚫

Block detection of containers– Positioning to detect the block in which a dedicated tag isplaced, with accuracy of 1~3 meters
Seamless coverage– Simple deployment and network planning
Real-time inventory– Thousands of tags read in a few minutes

1

RFID has been commercially deployed in the dock area :–Short communication range is not a problem as all tags go through gates

RFID in dock area

Equipment

Maintenance

TagTotal

X2X

4.6X

7.6X

30 Readers @ 20 gates; 800,000 tags

Extension to all areas of factory
Ambient IoT 20~30m
RFID~10m

RFID
Coverage: 8m*8m

Ambient IoT

1

Coverage: 18m*18m
Positioning:1~3m@90%

2⚫

Typical plant covers a total area of around
400,000 ~ 600, 000 square meters⚫

2

To cover a total area of 1300*18m*18m, the cost ofRFID and Ambient IoT are as follows
Equipment

MaintenanceTag

Total

223X

7.6X

4.6X

235.2X

4.6X

56.2X

6581 Readers and 800,000 tags

44X

7.6X

1300 Readers and 800,000 tags

RFID is only suitable to be deployed in dock area, a small part of factory
Seamless coverage and positioning are key requirements for mature solution••More data, less distance
Deterministic gap

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Sub URLLC•••

Embedded machine learning
RF & non-RF
Joint communication & Control Design

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