Innovation for
Cool Earth Forum
ICEF 2019 Report2019 Innovation for Cool Ear th Forum

Greetings
The first decade of the 21st century have been warmer than any preceding period since global
temperature records began in 1850 and it is extremely likely that human influence has been thedominant cause of the observed warming, according to the latest IPCC reports. Climate change
is a challenge that humanity is facing at this very moment, not in the future.
In 2007, I, as Prime Minister of Japan, proposed a 50% reduction of global greenhouse gas
emissions by 2050. Innovation is the key to achieving this ambitious goal and it is essential forgovernments, businesses, and academia around the world to share their wisdom and closelycooperate with each other.
Based on this concept, I proposed the establishment of a new international conference where
the world's leading policy makers, business persons, and researchers can meet and cooperatewith each other to address climate change through innovation. This is an unprecedented
attempt, an energy- and environment-focused version of the World Economic Forum.
It would be very beneficial if you, who are at the forefront of one of the biggest challenges tohumanity, climate change, and are responsible for shaping the future of the earth, would
participate in this forum. I hope to see you in Tokyo.

Abe Shinzo
Prime Minister of Japan

1 ICEF 2019 ReportContents

Innovation for
Cool Earth Forum
ICEF 2019 Report

Greetings

1

What is ICEF?

3

6th Annual Meeting

4

Program5

Opening Session

6

Plenary Session 1

7

Plenary Session 2

9Plenary Session 3

11

Concurrent Sessions

13

Side Events

19

Closing Session

20

Statement

21

Top 10 Innovations

23

Roadmap Projects

25

Steering Committee Members

26

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2019 Innovation for Cool Ear th Forum

What is ICEF?
Prime Minister Abe Shinzo announced that the Government of Japan will host an annual global
conference, the Innovation for Cool Earth Forum (ICEF) every year in October in Tokyo. ICEF is
aimed at providing a global platform to promote discussions and cooperation among
researchers, business persons, and policymakers from around the world in order to address
climate change through innovation of energy and environmental technologies including theirdissemination.
The Steering Committee has been established in order to ensure that ICEF is operated in amanner reflecting the wide range of views of the international communities.

3 ICEF 2019 Report2019 Innovation for Cool Ear th Forum

6th Annual Meeting
Date

October 9 and 10, 2019

Venue

Hotel Chinzanso Tokyo, Japan

Hosts

Co-hosts

Institutional Partners

ParticipantsMore than 1,000 participants from governments, international organizations,the business sector and academia representing about 70 countries and regions

Overall theme
Bending down the emissions trajectory by Innovation and Green FinanceOutcomes of ICEF 2019
• Top 10 Innovations• Roadmap on Industrial Heat Decarbonization• Statement from the Steering Committee

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2019 Innovation for Cool Ear th Forum

Program
DAY 1（Wednesday, October 9）

DAY 2（Thursday, October 10）

10:00-10:30

Opening Session

10:00-11:40

Concurrent Sessions 2

Opening Remarks

10:00 – 11:40

Digital Technology for Distributed
Energy Resources

10:00 – 11:40

CO2 Utilization

10:00 – 11:40

Climate Communications

10:00 – 11:40

Green Urbanization

11:40-12:10

Short Break

12:10-13:00

Side Event

10:30-12:00

Plenary Session 1
Business Decarbonization Initiatives

12:00-12:45

Side Event
Top 10 Innovations

12:45-14:15

Lunch Buffet

13:30-14:00

Side Events

13:30 – 14:00

Impact of Climate ChangeCountermeasures on Civilization

13:30 – 14:00

Transforming industry: a focus on CCUS

14:15-15:45

13:00-13:50

Lunch Buffet

13:10-13:40

Side Event
Solutions to Integrate High Shares of
Variable Renewable Energy

Plenary Session 2
Green Hydrogen Global Network

15:45-15:55

Short Break

15:55-17:30

Concurrent Sessions 1

15:55 – 17:30

Grid Integration of Renewables

15:55 – 17:30

Innovations in Nuclear Energy

15:55 – 17:30

Genetic Engineering for CO2 Reduction

15:55 – 17:30

E-Mobility in Sharing Services and Fleets

18:30-20:30

ICEF 2019 Roadmap Project on“Industrial Heat Decarbonization”

13:50-15:30

Concurrent Sessions 3

13:50 – 15:30

Fuel Cells

13:50 – 15:30

Impact of Carbon Removal Technologies

13:50 – 15:30

Energy Productivity through IT and AI

13:50 – 15:30

Balance between the Benefits of Plastics
and Marine/Land Ecosystem Protection

15:30-16:00

Short Break

16:00-17:30

Plenary Session 3
Industrial Decarbonization

Official Dinner
17:30-18:00

Closing Session
Remarks
Final Thoughts on the Event
Top 10 Innovations Result Announcement
Roadmap Announcement
Statement from Steering Committee
Closing Remarks

5 ICEF 2019 Report2019 Innovation for Cool Ear th Forum

Opening Session
Opening Remarks
Video message from Minister of Economy, Trade and Industry
A video with the following message from Mr. Sugawara Isshu, Minister of Economy, Trade and Industry (METI) was shown:
ICEF started in 2014, and this year marks the 6th. Since its beginning, ICEF has earned global recognition as a majorinternational conference for innovation of environmental technologies. I would like to express my gratitude to theconference participants, as well as to the members of the Steering Committee and the organizers for making thispossible.
This year's ICEF is attended by leading climate change experts from more than 70 countries. I have traveled alone in 60
countries around the world when I was a student or while working at a company. Though I think that this number ismore than that of most Japanese, the number of countries represented this year at ICEF is more than that, whichindicates the worldwide recognition of ICEF.
The major themes of this year's ICEF are Hydrogen, Decarbonization of Industry and Finance. In fact, these are topics
that I have been working on attentively ever since I became a Minister of METI. About two weeks ago, on September 25,
I hosted an international conference on hydrogen and carbon recycle, two key areas of innovation to solve climatechange. Participants representing the government, industry, and academia from 37 countries, regions, andinternational organizations shared lively discussions. I was reminded of the global rush to innovate systems andtechnologies to solve climate change and the high expectations of the solutions to come. Under my leadership, newactions to advance the introduction of hydrogen and carbon recycle have been launched. We invite leaders of leadinginternational research institutions to RD20, which has been formed through an agreement reached at the G20 and will
be held the day after tomorrow. The purpose of RD20 is to share the state-of-the-art knowledge and information inhydrogen and carbon recycle to nurture international collaboration.
In addition, the TCFD Summit was launched yesterday with the mission of establishing a scheme to enhanceinvestment in innovative enterprises. We will encourage companies to work on unconventional and discontinuous
innovation in areas such as hydrogen and carbon recycle and to disclose information on their activities, while also
encouraging the financial sector to evaluate their activities positively and enhance financial support.
In terms of perception, activities to address climate change must be recognized as a source of competitiveness.
Thinking of such activities merely as risks or costs, and carrying out divestments, will not be a solution for changing theworld.
At the TCFD Summit I released the “Green Investment Guidance,” a document summarizing how financial institutions
should evaluate and boost corporate innovations and initiatives. I hope that the guidance will be widely referred to in
the world.
There are many participants at this 2-day meeting who were at the TCFD Summit as well as many participants who willattend the RD20. Innovation and finance are the two essential drivers, just like two wheels of a cart. I sincerely hope that
we will deepen the discussions on the realization of a virtuous cycle between environment and growth by nurturing
mutual cooperation and network among industry, the financial sector, and academia.

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2019 Innovation for Cool Ear th Forum

Plenary Session 1
Business Decarbonization Initiatives
In this session, panelists mainly presented on the significance of disclosing climate change-related financial information and what governments,
businesses, financial institutions and investors should do in the future. First, it was introduced that 70 Japanese companies had set internal carbon
pricing and the TCFD recommends disclosing the internal carbon price in cases where it has already been set; then the advantages of establishinginternal carbon pricing were discussed. Additionally, the panelists emphasized their growing expectations for the involvement of women in
discussion about this issue through efforts to improve gender balance, as they were generally not beneficiaries in the old business models, but are
now very interested in tackling the issue of climate change.

Tanaka Nobuo (Moderator)
Chairman, The Sasakawa Peace Foundation;
Former Executive Director,
International Energy Agency (IEA)

Mark Carney
Governor of the Bank of England

Mary L. Schapiro
Vice Chair for Global Public Policy and Special
Advisor to the Founder and Chairman,
Bloomberg L.P.

Mizuno Hiro
Executive Managing Director and CIO,
Government Pension Investment Fund (GPIF)

7 ICEF 2019 Report

Mr. Carney stated that financial markets and systems would pay more attention
to resilience strategies in each company and advocated the importance ofreporting, risk management and sustainable investment. He asserted that only
companies with reliable plans for the transition to decarbonized economies
over the next several decades would receive funding from financial institutions
and ultimately become profitable. Additionally, he highlighted that suchpractices of financial institutions are necessary to truly move from where we aretoday collectively to a decarbonized society and economy, and risks would arise
if they do not prepare and create a market.

Ms. Schapiro stressed that companies engaged in activities which aresusceptible to climate-related risks are less resilient in the transition to a
low-carbon economy and their investors might experience lower returns;
conversely, companies well-positioned on sustainability and climate issues arelikely to produce better returns for their investors over the long run. She also
noted that many companies opt not to disclose information because thesecurities laws in the U.S.A. leave it to the discretion of the companies
themselves to decide what needs to be disclosed, and the climate impacts are
too uncertain or complex for many companies to disclose. She reiterated theimportance of information disclosure, and highlighted the need for voluntary
disclosure in the framework in line with the recommendations of the TCFD.

Mr. Mizuno reported that analysis reveals that the GPIF portfolio was alignedwith the 3.5 °C scenario, and was not in line with the Paris Agreement. He also
explained that this was representative of worldwide trends due to the diversityof GPIF’s portfolio and to the fact that GPIF had disclosed it as is, instead ofmaking it look better in terms of carbon footprint in order to send a signal that
‘this is where the world is heading.’ He expressed concern over major asset
owners that have not integrated or priced in climate risks, pointing out that if
investors ask companies to disclose climate-related information, they have totake the responsibility for utilizing it. In addition, he claimed that refraining fromtaking action is contrary to their fiduciary duties. Finally, he mentioned that
more companies agreed with TCFD recommendations in Japan this year, andhow its non-mandatory nature had been helpful toward that end.

2019 Innovation for Cool Ear th ForumCharles O. Holliday
Chairman, Royal Dutch Shell Plc

Laurence Tubiana
CEO, European Climate Foundation

Sue Howells
Chief Operating Officer, CDP Worldwide

Mr. Holliday announced that Royal Dutch Shell has engaged in scenario
planning for many years, and has tied their executive’s compensation to thegoals of reducing their carbon footprint by 2% to 3% in the next three years;
20% by 2030, and 50% by 2050, as well as the goal to provide electricity to 100
million people by 2030. He mentioned the fact that Royal Dutch Shell has
invested large amounts of money in new energy technologies and spent muchtime in board meetings to discuss them; and highlighted the expectations ofhydrogen.

Ms. Tubiana criticized the fact that things are not moving fast enough toward
the Paris goals because everyone is waiting for everyone else to take action,although a lot of countries, cities and businesses around the world are
genuinely supporting the goals, and financial institutions are trying to aligntheir portfolios with them. She mentioned the need for strong regulation, forwhich the government has to step up, and asserted that companies, businesses
and financial actors have to suppor t it. She fur ther stressed that the
wait-and-see attitude is impeding climate action policy. She highlighted thatthe solution is to now create a coalition of progressive governments,
companies, financial institutions and financial actors that decide they will bet
on the future positively, not bet on the future by saying, ‘let’s see what happens.’Ms. Howells asserted that climate change is very clearly apparent as a material
risk to the economy, and stated that 8,400 companies are using the CDP
platform to disclose risks and other climate-relevant information. She
highlighted that one-third of the companies that report to CDP are using
internal carbon pricing; and made three policy recommendations: 1) that eachcountry should enhance and be much more ambitious with their NDCs, 2) thatpolicymakers should provide the right policy environment for companies andinvestors to be able to do the work we need to see from them, and 3) thatgovernments should think about putting a price on carbon (which may
encourage companies to reduce their emissions regardless of whether the pricewill be actually put on or not.)ICEF 2019 Report 8

2019 Innovation for Cool Ear th Forum

Plenary Session 2
Green Hydrogen Global Network
Firstly, this session highlighted the sense of urgency of the climate problem, technological improvements in the value chain, and urban air
pollution as drivers of significant progress in hydrogen utilization. In the ensuing discussion, it was pointed out that the cost is a major hurdle tousing hydrogen, and that innovative technologies, deregulation of hydrogen infrastructure including hydrogen stations, and infrastructure
investment are necessary to reduce the cost in production, storage, transportation and use. During the panel discussion, panelists expressed that
we should also pay attention to topics such as public acceptance of hydrogen, hydrogen’s role in seasonal storage where it is difficult for batteries
to play a role, business models in which electrolyzers in the distribution grids are utilized to stabilize the grids (not only to make hydrogen as a sideproduct), and the impact of decarbonization on job creation.

Sally M. Benson (Moderator)
Professor, Department of Energy Resources
Engineering, School of Earth,
Energy & Environmental Sciences,
Stanford University;
Co-Director, Precourt Institute for Energy,
Stanford University

Ishizuka Hiroaki
Chairman,
New Energy and Industrial Technology
Development Organization (NEDO)

9 ICEF 2019 Report

Mr. Ishizuka explained NEDO ’s hydrogen strategy as follows: The first step is tobring residential fuel cells using city gas to the market, which will serve toincrease public familiarity with fuel cells as a product. The next step is topropagate fuel-cell vehicles and hydrogen refueling stations. He also introduced
NEDO’s demonstration project for a hydrogen gas turbine in an urban area that
supplies heat and electricity to surrounding facilities such as the hospital andthe sports center from the turbine located on Kobe Port Island, adjacent to Kobe
Airport. He additionally referred to a project in cooperation with the Australian
government and other entities, in which hydrogen is being cooled to -253 ° C tocondense it into a liquid for shipping. Lastly, he stated the goal to gain theability to adapt to fluctuations in electricity supply and demand by adjusting
the load on hydrogen production facilities in order to achieve low carbonhydrogen production using renewable energy.

2019 Innovation for Cool Ear th Forum

Christopher Hebling
Director, Hydrogen Technology,
Fraunhofer Institute for Solar Energy Systems, ISE

Marcel Galjee
Director Energy & New Business,
NouryonFukazawa Kazuhiro
Executive Vice President, Advanced R&D andEngineering Company,
TOYOTA MOTOR CORPORATION

Mr. Hebling noted that, if renewable energy makes it possible to source
low-priced electricity in Europe, Australia, South Africa, China, South Korea andanywhere else in the world, it will be possible to produce hydrogen andtransport hydrogen as a gas or in a liquefied state, as well as produce thechemical materials such as ammonia and methanol, or other liquid fuels. He
stated that the transformation of the energy system in line with greenhouse gas
emissions targets is technically feasible, but the market design has to be tailoredin such a way that the investment flow automatically goes to the right solutions.

Mr. Galjee stressed that hydrogen would play an essential role in building up
the bio-based and circular value chain in the future, and hydrogen would play
an essential role in various industries, including the chemical industry, in termsof decarbonization. After an introduction on Nouryon’s projects which producehydrogen with off-gases and waste, and further convert hydrogen into chemicalmaterials such as methanol or jet fuel, he emphasized that a large-scale value
chain, including storage, and a massive scale-up from renewables are needed
for competitive hydrogen. As for mobility, he stated that the scale will not comefrom the mobility side, but that it can profit from the scale created by theindustrial side.

Mr. Fukazawa presented Toyota’s efforts to tackle environment issues: 1)
Demonstration tests of Mirai, a mass-produced FCEV with a total of 10,000 units
delivered across Japan, the U.S.A. and Europe, are being conducted in Australia,
Canada, U.A.E., China and Saudi Arabia; 2) Toyota provided its FC system tooverseas companies in countries such as Portugal and China; 3) Toyota has
started demonstrations for FC heavy-duty commercial trucks in harbor areas in
California to examine whether FC technology fostered through Mirai can beapplicable to such vehicles; 4) Toyota is cooperating with other companies toconstruct the Tri-Gen which generates hydrogen, electricity and water frombiomass such as animal feces and sludge in the U.S.A. He emphasized the need
to work together with various stakeholders such governments, investors andcustomers in order to realize a hydrogen society.

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2019 Innovation for Cool Ear th Forum

Plenary Session 3
Industrial Decarbonization
Key takeaways from the presentations and discussions on the pathway to decarbonization in industrial sectors such as steel, petrochemicals andtransportation, where reduction of greenhouse gas (GHG) and Short-Lived Climate Pollutants (SLCPs) emissions are difficult, included the necessityto 1) balance the different circumstances in countries and different initiatives, 2) attain a recognition among all stakeholders in a science-basedmanner, 3) consider the entire lifecycle of CO2, including emissions during manufacturing and transporting as well as emissions from final products,
and 4) design markets that encourage long-term investments for sustainability over short-term capital efficiency. In the panel discussion, it waspointed out that views on carbon offset vary depending on regions and industry sectors. It was also stated that individual corporate targets could
stimulate development and innovation in the entire sector of companies who are delivering technologies to their industry.

Eija-Riitta Korhola (Moderator)
Delegate of the Consultative Commission on
Industrial Change;
Advisor in the EU Affairs

Annette Stube
Head of Sustainability, A.P. Møller – Mærsk’s

11 ICEF 2019 Report

Ms. Stube remarked that many of A.P. Møller – Mærsk’s customers see
sustainability as important for long-term business success, and the number ofcompanies requesting sustainability information as part of the business
relationship was increasing. She explained that A.P. Møller – Mærsk iscommitted to becoming carbon neutral by 2050, because it was not only theright thing to do for the planet, but also necessary to remain relevant in a future
low-carbon economy as a business. She additionally stated that the target
would attract both talent and customers, and emphasized that we have lessthan 10 years until new fuels and technology would be needed to achieve
decarbonization, considering that it would take a couple of years for the
shipbuilding and designing of the first carbon-neutral vessel. She highlighted
that achieving carbon neutrality would require cooperation between
stakeholders including both companies and governments across borders.

2019 Innovation for Cool Ear th Forum

Kobayashi Yoshimitsu
Chairperson, Carbon Recycling Fund Institute

Julien Perez
Vice President, Strategy & Policy, OGCIMr. Kobayashi assessed this year, 2019, as the initial year of carbon recycling,
because CCUS had been stated at the World Economic Forum in Davos and in the
G20 Declaration, and the roadmap on carbon recycling technology had beenformulated in June. He explained that the Carbon Recycling Fund Institute wasestablished based on the belief that forms of support other than policy support
by the national government were needed; the Institute raises funds from privatecompanies and provides the funds to entities as grants or other types of support,
along with conducting research and development on carbon recycling. He
introduced the demonstration project on carbon capture plus Integrated Coal
Gasification Fuel Cell Combined Cycle (IGFC) implemented in Osakikamijima,
Hiroshima Prefecture, and expressed the Institute’s intention to contribute toregional revitalization and new job creation in local areas, as well as expand
initiatives for international joint projects and supporting overseas researchers.

Mr. Perez introduced the six main areas, including CCUS, that the Oil and Gas
Climate Initiative (OGCI) is working on, and explained that OGCI has a 1-billion
fund to invest in startups and various projects. He commented that decreasing
greenhouse gas emissions, such as reduction by 70% or 80% by 2050, is anurgent matter in the energy world. He listed the reduction of methane
emissions and leakage as well as the substantial expansion of CCUS as concretemeasures for reducing emissions from oil and gas businesses, and highlighted
the need to secure the science around methane and to create partnerships withstakeholders for the substantial expansion of CCUS over the next decade.

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2019 Innovation for Cool Ear th Forum

Concurrent Sessions
Grid Integration of Renewables
Panelists introduced that the data in the possession of regulators, utility
companies and others, along with best-in-class tools and cloud-based
computing power, could be used to visualize the power flow, and that thismight become a key way of managing over-generation caused by broadly
distributed generation. It was also pointed out that the value of grid
flexibility is rising in the electric power market, that typical solutions such as
lead-acid and lithium-ion batteries are working, and that hydrogen storage
systems are being tested as a part of minigrids or microgrids in Uganda andSingapore. The importance of public consultation and public ownership of
the idea of aiming to move toward a power system based on grid flexibility
rather than baseload was stated. Given the diversity of resources, legal
systems, and priority in renewable energy, room exists for experimenting
with variations of market design at a suitable size, and panelists stressedthat Kyushu would be a very interesting size for such experimentation.

Ajay Mathur (Chair)Peter Jørgensen

Director General, The Energy and Resources Institute (TERI);
Member of the Prime Minister’s Council on Climate Change

Vice President, Associated Activities, Energinet

Douglas J. Arent

Jens Jæger

Deputy Associate Lab Director,
Scientific Computing and Energy Analysis,
National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL)

Policy & Business Development Manager (Asia),
the Alliance for Rural Electrification (ARE)

Okamoto Hiroshi

Yabe Akira

Executive Vice President, Corporate Planning,
TEPCO Power Grid Inc.

Director General, Energy System & Hydrogen Unit, Technology
Strategy Center (TSC),New Energy and Industrial Technology Development
Organization(NEDO)

Innovations in Nuclear Energy

Richard K. Lester (Chair)

In this session, the panelists exchanged their views on issues of nuclear
energy and nuclear fusion for decarbonization and pointed out the following;1) The language used to explain nuclear related technologies and potentialof such technologies is frequently boringly technical and often deliberately
misleading. The terminology poses a problem for public acceptance andthe nuclear industry should take the blame for this. For example, shutdown
is called ‘scram’ even though it is operated in a safe manner; the word denotes‘run away’ according to dictionaries. Nuclear experts in the next generation
will be expected to use terms which people can better assimilate, in order totake the mystery out of nuclear.
2) It is very important to keep to the construction timeframe to ensure cost
reduction, as the extension of the construction timeframe would cause hugecost increase. Planned construction in a factory is needed with a controlledenvironment in which it can proceed as scheduled, similar to aircraft engine
manufacturing.
3) Universities, where it is possible to bring new developments into closer
proximity to each other, would play an important role in resolving the issueof the safety culture in the nuclear industry obstructing the introduction of
new technologies into this industry.

Associate Provost, Massachusetts Institute of Technology

Robert C. Braun

Sagayama Yutaka

Sr. Vice President & Chief Operating Officer,
Advanced Reactor Concepts

Assistant to the president JAEA
(Japan Atomic Energy Agency)

Sunil Felix

Neil Wilmshurst

Nuclear Counsellor, French Embassy in Japan

Vice President, Chief Nuclear Officer, Electric Power ResearchInstitute (EPRI)

13 ICEF 2019 Report2019 Innovation for Cool Ear th Forum

Concurrent Sessions
Genetic Engineering for CO2 Reduction
In contrast to many industrial chemical processes, natural bioprocesses are very
efficient and environmentally friendly. Though CO2 reduction is an urgent issue
for humankind and biotechnology, including genetic engineering, needs tobe utilized, most research in environmental fields such as photosynthesis,
biofuels, CO2 fixation and so on, appear to still be at the basic research level.
In this session, the current status and future prospects of biotechnology
aimed at reducing CO2 were reported, as well as the ethical aspects. Several
factors preventing the progress of research were pointed out, such as 1) low
profitability discourages research activities in business, 2) the impact on theecosystem is unclear, 3) the social and ethical impacts have not been welldiscussed and 4) the impression of genetic engineering is not good due tolack of opportunities for the public to acquire a solid understanding.
Key takeaways from the discussion included: i) the impact on the ecosystem
must be considered at all times; ii) the impression on consumers would varydepending on whether genetic improvement technology is used for foodor for microorganisms that produce chemical products; and iii) since thefunctions of genes involved in processes such as photosynthesis are very
complex, long-term studies and large budgets would be required in the
future to understand what target genome should be edited to improve theprocesses.

Kuroda Reiko (Chair)

Inui Masayuki

Designated Professor, Institute of Science and Technology
Research, Chubu University;
Professor Emeritus, The University of Tokyo

Group Leader, Chief Researcher,
Molecular Microbiology and biotechnology Group, ResearchInstitute of Innovative Technology for the Earth (RITE)

Fujiwara Sumire

Aono Yuri

Senior Researcher, Plant Gene Regulation Research Group,
Bioproduction Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced
Industrial Science and Technology (AIST)

Editorial Writer,
The Mainichi Shimbun (The Mainichi Newspapers)

E-Mobility in Sharing Services and Fleets
After the presentations on the global expansion of sharing services forpassenger vehicles and trends in electrifying freight transport systems,
panelists highlighted the key drivers for e-mobility markets as follows: 1)
various sharing services’ options for short-range travel purposes including
e-scooters and micro EVs, 2) utilization of e-trucks and e-bicycles to cover thelast mile delivery, and 3) improvement of convenience and utilization rate
through big data collection and usage. It was stated that the key policies ofgovernment for accelerating decarbonization are: i) formulating appropriate
regulations/incentives, ii) supporting the standardization of companies’
carbon accounting, and iii) re-modeling of infrastructure including charging
points and parking lots.

Jon Moore (Chair)Chief Executive Officer, BloombergNEF

Kuroda Toshio

Ali Izadi-Najafabadi

Tom White

Head of Intelligent Mobility,
BloombergNEF

General Manager, JUMP North Asia, Uber

Executive Officer, General Manager, Office of the President,
Yamato Transport Co., Ltd.

Kumura Haruyoshi
Fellow of Nissan Motor Co., Ltd

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2019 Innovation for Cool Ear th Forum

Concurrent Sessions
Digital Technology for Distributed Energy Resources
In this session, the value of using EVs and heat pump water heaters attracted
participants’ attention as means for effectively increasing self-consumptionof renewable energy. It was highlighted that EVs could be solutions forbalancing power supply and demand, as long as the grid maintains
frequency and voltage, and panelist expressed the following views: 1) suchservices could not be provided by automobile manufacturers alone, 2)
standardization of chargers is needed, yet they should not be disruptive tothe grid, and 3) EV owners might have a negative attitude toward utilizationof their vehicles for stabilizing the grid. Based on this discussion, the chairstated that the public has high expectations regarding utilization of
distributed energy resources, but the situation lacks transparency; this calls
for technological development and a social system that could operate andbe utilized with distributed energy resources. Also, a regulatory framework
would be important for business deployment.

Yamaji Kenji (Chair)
Senior Vice President/Director-General, Research Institute of
Innovative Technology for the Earth (RITE);
Professor Emeritus, The University of Tokyo

Nemoto KoshichiYiğit GÜVEN

Mattia Marinelli

Director, New Market Development Asia &International Channel Strategy, Sonnen

Associate Professor in distributed energy resources at the Center
for Electric Power and Energy, Department of ElectricalEngineering, Technical University of Denmark (DTU)

Director, Energy Innovation Center,
Central Research Institute of Electric Power Industry

Hayashi Ryusuke
Senior Manager, EV Operation Department, Global EV Division,
Nissan Motor Corporation

CO2 Utilization
In this session, panelists pointed out that 1) the cost of CO2 utilization would
be reduced through scale-up of capital investment and decrease in the costof energy, 2) carbon taxes, carbon pricing, and low carbon fuel standards
such as in California would be incentives for promoting Enhanced Oil
Recovery (EOR), and 3) because collection efficiency is important for CO2
capture and utilization, the by-product gas of a specific chemical process
was of note due to its very high CO2 concentration stream. In addition, it was
highlighted that vertical agriculture, even if it might only provide a few
percent of the global food system, is an interesting approach because ofadvantages such as transport CO2 emission reduction and effective landuse, although it requires low carbon energy and addition of CO2 to thesystem.

David Sandalow (Chair)
Inaugural Fellow, Center on Global Energy Policy, Columbia University
Co-Director, Energy and Environment Concentration,
School of International and Public Affairs, Columbia University
S. Julio Friedmann

Dohi Hideyuki

Senior Research Scholar,
Center on Global Energy Policy,
Columbia University

Director General, Environment and Green Chemistry Unit,
Technology Strategy Center (TSC), New Energy and Industrial
Technology Development Organization (NEDO)

Sally M. Benson

Roger Aines

Professor, Department of Energy Resources Engineering,
School of Earth,
Energy & Environmental Sciences, Stanford University

Energy Program Chief Scientist,
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory

Jennifer Holmgren

Aqil Jamal

CEO, LanzaTech

Chief Technologist, Carbon Management Research Division,
Saudi Aramco’s R&D Center

15 ICEF 2019 Report2019 Innovation for Cool Ear th Forum

Concurrent Sessions
Climate Communications
Today, most people, not only scientists and highly educated people, knowthat climate change is happening, however they have not changed theirhabits. In this session, the following three opinions were expressed:
1) Conventional communication on climate change has been too negative
to give people enough room to think, “if I change my behavior I cancontribute to tackling climate change;”2) Positive communication, such as to familiarize people with the conceptthat the installation of photovoltaic panels is a normal practice in theneighborhood, is needed; and
3) Behavioral changes can be triggered by new markets, such as Tesla’s
electric vehicles which can be perceived as “cool,” and by installing moreinsulation in buildings to increase comfort.

Valli Moosa (Chair)

Philippe Fonta

Former Minister for Environmental Affairs,
Republic of South Africa

Founder and CEO, SCRUM-Consult (Sustainability, Corporate
Responsibility and Uncertainties Management)

Kameyama Yasuko

Tanaka Izumi

Deputy Director, Center for Social andEnvironmental Systems Research,
National Institute for Environmental Studies

Senior Commercial Officer (Energy and Environment),
Royal Danish Embassy Tokyo

Ken Haig
Senior Director of Market Development & Regulatory Affairs,
Oracle Utilities

Green Urbanization

Ismail Serageldin (Chair)
Emeritus Librarian of Alexandria, Founding Director of the
Library of Alexandria

Dolf Gielen
Director of Innovation and Technology Centre,
IRENA

The following points were highlighted in the panel discussion.
1) Cities where urbanization is progressing, particularly in Africa, tend
to become consumption cities, where the most of the citizens are living on
cheap imported products. It is important for these cities to become productive,
and provide education and employment opportunities to young people.
2) Although local governments are close to citizens and are able to understandtheir needs, they often lack budget and capacity. However, solutions can befound through collaboration between the cities, the national government
and the stakeholders.
3) Facilitating educational opportunities for all children can not only safeguard
their human rights, but also mitigate rapid population growth, according topast study results.
4) In rural areas of China, the directive to ban agricultural waste incinerationand subsidies for low-emission agricultural machinery were implemented.
Additionally, middle-class urban residents spend their weekends in rural areas
to help farmers, which contributes to education on better living for farmers.
5) Regionally distributed power facilities are beneficial to local economies.
6) A primary care system employing AI and IoT has been introduced in
China, which aids the local clinics and elderly population care.
7) A basic IT infrastructure is required, because leapfrogging digital technologies
and mobile applications enhance further technological innovation andentrepreneurship; there have been cases of local issues resolved by combining
existing technologies.

Nishida Yuko

Jingjing Xu

Senior Manager, Climate Change,
Renewable Energy InstituteManaging Partner and Founder,
Global Green Development Capital

Nohara Fumio

Tareq Emtairah

President, Nikken Sekkei Research Institute

Director, Department of Energy,
United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO)ICEF 2019 Report 16

2019 Innovation for Cool Ear th Forum

Concurrent Sessions
Fuel Cells
Key takeaways from the discussion on the cost and quality of fuel cells andfuel cell electric vehicles (FCEVs) included: 1) in the past several years, fuelefficiency has been sacrificed and a lot of attention focused on technologicaldevelopments to suppress initial costs while improving safety and durability.
However, now it is necessary to look at the total cost of ownership (TCO); 2) in
China, commercial vehicle operators place high importance on the purchasecost, resulting in TCOs that are somewhat high. Therefore, rather than focus
solely on TCO, other ways to make FCEVs more attractive and acceptable tocustomers are called for; 3) since technological issues such as the use oflarge amounts of platinum still remain, academia can make some important
contributions; 4) more active discussion on standardization and harmonization
should take place; and 5) there are similarities and synergies between fuel cell
technology and electrolysis technology that uses renewable energy to producehydrogen.

Georg Erdmann (Chair)

Alfred Wong

Retired Professor for Energy Systems,
Berlin University of Technology;
President of the Board, KSB Energie AG, Berlin

Managing Director,
Asia Pacific, Ballard Power Systems Inc.

Moriya Takashi

Yan Zhou

Senior Chief Engineer,
Technology Development Division 5,
Automobile Center, Honda R&D Co., Inc.

Advanced Planning Senior Manager,
Planning and Program Management Dept., SAIC Maxus.

Sasaki Kazunari
Senior Vice President,
Kyushu University

Impact of Carbon Dioxide Removal Technologies
Key takeaways from the discussion on carbon dioxide removal technology
included: 1) estimated scalability of carbon capture and storage (CCS) is 5.6 Gt
including 2.5 Gt to 2.6Gt of bioenergy with CCS (BECCS), and by the contrast,
Direct Air Capture (DAC) would depend on the energy supply and supply
chain; 2) energy consumption of DAC is 7 to 8 GJ/t-CO2; and 3) although thecost of CCS is $100/t-CO2 and DAC is $150/t-CO2, those estimated costs wouldchange depending on the level of technology and market conditions.
Panelists also discussed the risks of these technologies, including how BECCS
would spoil food production and biodiversity, how deep water CCS would leadto maritime pollution, and how solar radiation management using stratosphericaerosol injection would lead to apprehension regarding air pollution,
destruction of the ozone layer, radiation decrease and heterogeneous effects
on the climate. It was highlighted that tradeoffs exist between thosetechnological risks and climate change risks, and that there is a need for open
dialogue among all experts.

Kurosaki Miho (Chair)
Head of Japan and Korea Research, BloombergNEF

Samantha McCulloch

Janos Pasztor

Head of CCUS Unit,
International Energy Agency (IEA)

Executive Director,
Carnegie Climate Governance Initiative (C2G)

David Keith

Hirai Shuichiro

Professor of Applied Physics and Professor of Public Policy,
Harvard University

Professor,
Department of Mechanical Engineering,
School of Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology

17 ICEF 2019 Report2019 Innovation for Cool Ear th Forum

Concurrent Sessions
Energy Productivity through IT and AI
On the subject of model analysis, the panelists pointed out that: i) even if
energy demand for a certain purpose could be reduced by digitization, thereduced amount might be used for other purposes; ii) further improvement isnecessary, and information exchange on quantitative analysis methods anddata is required to improve the model analysis; and iii) the objective functionis the total energy consumption, but the control variables are highly-diversified.
For the purpose of further progress in digitalization, the issues noted byparticipants were as follows: 1) concern for privacy protection and data
security, 2) enormous investment required for new technology integration,such as AI, into existing infrastructure, 3) data quality, 4) return on investment(e.g. if the sales volume of electricity decreases due to digitalization, it causes
decline in profitability of electric power companies), 5) engagement ofpeople to gather opinions and then reflect them in projects, and 6) incrementof energy demand for producing more semiconductors and processing theincreasing volume of data.

Nebojsa Nakicenovic (Chair)

Douglas J. Arent

Executive Director, The World in 2050 (TWI2050)

Deputy Associate Lab Director,
Scientific Computing and Energy Analysis,
National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL)

Akimoto Keigo

Amemiya ShunichiGroup Leader of Systems Analysis Group,
Chief Researcher,
Research Institute of Innovative Technology for the Earth (RITE)

Head of Research and Development Headquarters,
NTT DATA Corporation

Ohtake Satoru

Noguchi Tatsuya

Project Professor, Institute for Future Initiatives,
The University of Tokyo

President & Representative Director,
ABB Bailey Japan Limited

Balance between the Benefits of Plastics and Marine/Land Ecosystem Protection
The panelists presented that plastics, which are used for such purposes asfood packaging, apparel and reducing weight of materials, have specificvalues, i.e. healthy, hygienic, functional and economical. Also, results ofexperiments using tofu and strawberries were shown as examples of lifecycle
assessment (LCA), and the importance of investigation based on LCA washighlighted. Initiatives for 3R (Reduce, Reuse and Recycle) and Replacementof plastics were also explained. The necessity of cooperation among various
stakeholders including the government was emphasized in order to realize acircular economy with increased efficiency in collection, separation andrecycling of plastics. Key takeaways from the discussion included: 1) solutions
can vary depending on products (e.g., biodegradable plastic is a goodsolution for products which are difficult to collect); and 2) to realize a circular
economy, merchandise should be attractive to consumers in order toencourage use.

Yasui Itaru (Chair)
President, Institute of Promotion for Sustainable Society
Honorary Adviser, National Institute of Technology and Evaluation (NITE);
Emeritus Professor, The University of Tokyo

Seki Motohiro

Tahara Kiyotaka

Managing Executive Officer, Chief Operating Officer,
Advanced Polymers Business Domain,
Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation

Director, Research Laboratory for IDEA,
Research Institute of Science for Safety and Sustainability,
National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST)

Titoy Francisco

Eric Kawabata

Executive Vice President,
General Manager, Technical,
Coca-Cola (Japan) Company, Ltd.

APAC General Manager, TerraCycle

Noda YumikoDavid J. Muenz

President & Representative Director,
Veolia Japan K. K. / Veolia Jenets K.K.

Executive Officer, Senior Vice President,
ESG Division, Kao Corporation

ICEF 2019 Report 18

2019 Innovation for Cool Ear th ForumSide Events
Impact of Climate ChangeCountermeasures on Civilization
Prof. Jim Falk, Professorial Fellow, Melbourne Sustainable Society Institute,
University of Melbourne gave a presentation on “the countermeasures toclimate change.“ Referring to the achievements of recent technologicalinnovations, he stated that people around the world need to work
together to create political will and that it is essential to change to a market
where technical development advances vigorously.
Dr. Peter H. Gleick, President-emeritus, Pacific Institute for Studies in
Development, Environment, and Security presented and discussed “theintegration between energy, water and climate change.” He introduced
that there was an enormous connection between water resources andvarious problems such as energy, economy, ecosystem, security, etc., andthat using water efficiently not only led to saving energy related to water
resources, but also had the potential to reduce greenhouse gases. He
described the importance of water reuse, and thinking about water andenergy at the same time.
After that, the two presenters held a discussion with Prof. Dr. Vaclav Smil,
Distinguished Professor Emeritus, University of Manitoba, andparticipants, and the following two points were stressed: 1) regions
where the populations are growing the most are vulnerable to climatechange, and providing safe water and sanitation is an important aspect
to save people from poverty caused by population growth; and 2)
priority should be given to considering how to reduce food waste rather
than whether or not to eat beef.

Transforming Industry: a Focus on CCUS
Ms. Samantha McCulloch, Head of CCUS Unit, International Energy
Agency (IEA), pointed out that high-temperature heat and process
emissions from fossil fuel utilization are the main routes of industrial
CO2 emissions, especially from iron and steel, cement and chemicals.
She also stressed the fact that industrial facilities are very long-lived
assets - over 50 years - and have the potential to lock in emissions for
decades. She highlighted the importance of CCUS as countermeasures
not only for these emission routes, but also for hydrogen production
from fossil fuels and for coal-fired power plants. In addition, she mentioned
the need to support CCUS deployment through development of CO2transport and storage infrastructure, public procurement of low-carbon
products, and technological innovations. In the Q&A section, participants
discussed the capacity of CO2 storage and the future path of CO2 utilization.

Solutions to Integrate High Shares of
Variable Renewable Energy
Dr. Dolf Gielen, Director of Innovation and Technology Centre, International
Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA), introduced that the costs of variable
renewable energy (VRE) in G20 countries have been declining. He also
pointed out that decentralization, electrification in combination withdigitalization, and smart grids were trends related to rapidly increasing
shares of VRE, and stressed the necessity of innovation, including system
operation, business models, and market design. Regarding measures to
add significant flexibility in Japan, he recommended examples such as
production of hydrogen using surplus VRE, increasing the interconnection
capacity, and charging EVs at peak times in solar PV generation.

19 ICEF 2019 Report2019 Innovation for Cool Ear th Forum

Closing Session

❶

❶

❶

❷

❸

❹

❺

❻

❶ Remarks

Nakatani Shinichi, Parliamentary Vice Minister for Foreign Affairs, Japan
Aoyama Shuhei, Parliamentary Vice Minister of the Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology, Japan
Yagi Tetsuya, Parliamentary Vice Minister of the Environment, Japan❷ Final Thoughts on the Event

Tanaka Nobuo, Chairman, The Sasakawa Peace Foundation; Former Executive Director, International Energy Agency (IEA)❸ Top 10 Innovations Result Announcement

Yasui Itaru, President, Institute of Promotion for Sustainable Society;
Honorary Adviser, National Institute of Technology and Evaluation (NITE); Emeritus Professor, The University of Tokyo❹ Roadmap Announcement

David Sandalow, Inaugural Fellow, Center on Global Energy Policy, Columbia University;
Co-Director, Energy and Environment Concentration, School of International and Public Affairs, Columbia University❺ Statement from Steering Committee

Yamaji Kenji, Senior Vice President/Director-General, Research Institute of Innovative Technology for the Earth (RITE);
Professor Emeritus, The University of Tokyo❻ Closing Remarks

Ishizuka Hiroaki, Chairman, New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization (NEDO)
ICEF 2019 Report 20

2019 Innovation for Cool Ear th Forum

Statement
A set of principles and recommendations from the Steering Committee was announced as
the “ICEF 2019 Statement from the Steering Committee” at the closing session.

ICEF 2019 Statement from the Steering Committee
1．Preamble

October 10, 2019

The sixth annual meeting of the Innovation for Cool Earth Forum (ICEF 2019) was held in Tokyo on October 9 and 10,
with more than 1,000 participants from government institutions, international organizations, industry, and academia,
from approximately 70 countries and regions. The theme of this year’ s forum was “Bending down the emissions
trajectory by Innovation and Green Finance.” Global CO2 emissions are increasing at about 2% per year, which is in linewith the long-term historical trends since the beginning of the industrial revolution. We affirm our goal of achieving
net-zero CO2 emissions, meaning that immediate peak and vigorous decline of CO2 emission is necessary. Since the gap
between current trends and our goal is still getting worse, we have to re-emphasize the necessity of innovation in
deployment as well as R&D, which are the key to narrow the gap. Additional policy measures such as fiscal incentives
and new technologies that could reduce emissions at scale must be deployed on an urgent basis. ICEF’ s mission is tofacilitate discussion and encourage cooperation among participants with a view to promoting technological and social
innovation in the field of energy and environment. The following statement summarizes how the world will accelerateactions that should be taken with high priority.

2. Importance of ESG investing and a virtuous cycle of environment and growth
At the G20 Ministerial Meeting on Energy Transitions and Global Environment for Sustainable Growth held in June,
ministers realize the importance of a virtuous cycle of environment and growth that is strongly supported byinnovations, mobilization of finance including investment, and improvement of the business environment. According to
G20 Ministerial meeting's communiqué, the G20 Energy Ministers will step up existing international efforts to unlock
the potential of hydrogen as a clean, reliable and secure source of energy including cooperation in research anddevelopment, evaluating hydrogen’s technical and economic potential, cost reduction pathways and addressing thevarious challenges including regulations and standards. Fundamental decarbonization of industrial activities is one of
the major challenges to realize net-zero CO2 emissions. New approaches such as CCUS, hydrogen-based direct reduced
iron, carbon recycling and zero-emission cement are inevitable. While recognizing that public finance and gender lensinvesting plays an important role, we call upon all players to support efforts to mobilize private finance and increasetransparency through more enhanced climate-related financial disclosure based on the TCFD ’ s recommendation witheffective communication between business and financial sectors, as well as to improve the market and investment
environment. During ICEF 2019, these topics were taken up in the three plenary sessions. In addition, twelve different
approaches to accelerating innovation—six in the social context and six in the technological context—were chosen anddiscussed in depth in concurrent sessions. Conclusions are as follows:

3．Acceleration of activities toward realization of Social Innovation- For promotion of larger scale deployment of carbon dioxide removal technologies, social understanding andawareness as well as the clarification of the magnitude of emission reduction are indispensable.
- Involvement of businesses as well as customers in accelerating technologies and innovation is of great importance.
Enhancing the efficacy of climate communications could contribute widely.
- Electrification of the transport sector requires enhancement of electricity infrastructure, including massive expansionof EV charging systems.
- Scaling up renewable energy use and extensive introduction of Zero Energy Buildings could contribute to coping withgrowing energy demand and to easing environmental damages, such as air pollution resulting from rapid urbanization.
- Demand-side driven transformation has been happening; and digitalization utilizing AI and IT devices as coretechnology can contribute to the realization of a low energy demand scenario.
- Evaluation of benefits and impacts of plastics at each phase of use, such as value of plastics use for durable products
and contribution to food preservation, is necessary to substantially protect the marine and land ecosystem, as well as
could contribute to the development of alternatives for plastics.
21 ICEF 2019 Report2019 Innovation for Cool Ear th Forum

4．Acceleration of activities toward the realization of Technology Innovation< Innovations in deployment stage >- Deployment of existing renewable technologies such as solar, wind and storage should be accelerated. Advancing gridtechnologies and acknowledging economic value of system stabilization can contribute to the efficient use ofrenewable energy. Microgrid technology utilizing renewable energy and network technologies can play an importantrole in improving grid resilience.
- Expanding the use of fuel cells, setting standards for element technologies, as well as the standardization andmodularization of total systems are major concern.
- Wider application of digital technology on both the supply and demand side of electricity and heat such as remotecontrol and unmanned operation, enables efficient use of distributed power sources.
< Innovations in R&D stage >- Small modular and nuclear fusion reactors are currently under development by various actors, including venturebusinesses. Policy and R&D strategy from a longer-term perspective will effectively guide actors, especially venturebusinesses, in their endeavors.
- The rapid advancement of genome technologies shows huge potential in contributing to CO2 emission reductions, butsuch technologies need to be treated carefully from an ethical perspective to avoid negative implications.
- In order to promote research and development in the field of CO2 utilization, comprehensive assessment of life-cycle CO2
emission/absorption is recommended.

5．Strategies for bending down the emissions trajectory
Achieving and deploying innovation requires the engagement of all industrial sectors, academia, governmental
institutes, financial institutions, and investors in promoting research, development, investment, and business creation.
Although “Bending down the emissions trajectory” itself is difficult to realize at this immediate moment, the short-termtarget should be attained within a few years to pave the way towards the long-term goal of net-zero emissions. We callupon all players to join forces in further cooperation and collaboration, and to carry out with unprecedented urgency
the “Three Key Actions” identified at ICEF 2018: 1) inspire investment in technology, products, and services for green
growth; 2) involve industry and consumers in accelerating technologies and innovation for decarbonization; and 3)
internationalize cooperative efforts for deploying innovation outcomes. In addition, we call for urgent policy support for
accelerated emission reduction from carbon-intensive facilities.

ICEF 2019 Report 22

2019 Innovation for Cool Ear th ForumTop 10 Innovations“Top 10 Innovations” is an event to select the most notable recent innovative developments in energy and climate change
mitigation.This year, 20 nominees from 2 categories, “Research & Development: Commercial Potential of the Technological Innovation
by 2050” and “Adoption & Implementation: Commercial Potential of the Technological Innovation by 2030” were selected by the Top
10 Innovations working group.Ultimately, ICEF 2019 Top 10 innovations were selected as follows through votes by ICEF 2019
participants.

Category Research & Development:
Commercial Potential of the TechnologicalInnovation by 2050

Carbon-neutral fuels
made fromsunlight and air
Organization

Category Research & Development:
Commercial Potential of the TechnologicalInnovation by 2050

Solar mini-refinery forsustainable fuels at ETH Zurich
Source : Aldo Steinfeld et alhttps://ethz.ch/en/news-andevents/eth-news/
news/2019/06/pr-solar-minirefinery.html

ETH Zurich

A new chemical catalyst based on
indium oxide that converts CO2
and hydrogen into methanol
Source : ETH Zurich
Organization

ETH Zurich

The solar mini-refinery on the roof of ETH Zurich demonstrates thetechnology for the thermochemical production of carbon-neutral
liquid hydrocarbon fuels. Using concentrated solar energy, ahigh-temperature solar reactor splits CO2 and water extracted directlyfrom ambient air and produces syngas, which is processed intohydrocarbons such as kerosene or methanol. These drop-in fuels arecarbon neutral because they release only as much CO 2 during
combustion as was previously extracted from the air, and cantherefore contribute particularly to sustainable aviation and shipping.

ETH Zurich succeeded in boosting the activity of the catalyst formethanol production via CO 2 hydrogenation, without affecting its
selectivity or stability. They achieved this by treating the indium oxidewith a small quantity of palladium. ETH Zurich and Total have jointly
filed a patent for the technology. Total now plans to scale up theapproach and potentially implement the technology in a demonstration
unit over the next few years.

Category Research & Development:
Commercial Potential of the TechnologicalInnovation by 2050

Category Research & Development:
Commercial Potential of the TechnologicalInnovation by 2050

New minerals for carbon capture

Solar energy becomes
biofuel without solar cells

Capture and storage of CO2 in the subsurface of mine wastes.
Hydrotalcite minerals (naturally occurring layered double hydroxides) are storing
atmospheric CO2 in finely ground ultramafic mine wastes (tailings).
Source : University of Alberta, University of British Columbia and University of
Queensland.
(https://www.ualberta.ca/science/science-news/2018/december/carbonsequestration-new-minerals)
Turvey, C.C., Wilson, S.A., Hamilton, J.L., Tait, A.W., McCutcheon, J., Beinlich, A., Fallon,
S.J., Dipple, G.M., and Southam, G. (2018) International Journal of Greenhouse Gas
Control, 79, 38–60. doi:www.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijggc.2018.09.015
Organization

University of Alberta,
University of British Columbia and University of Queensland

An international research team from multiple universities has
confirmed new minerals, members of the hydrotalcite supergroup, arecapturing and storing atmospheric CO2.

Organization

Uppsala University

Uppsala University has successfully developed microorganisms that
efficiently produce butanol directly from carbon dioxide and solar
energy, without the need for biomass or solar cells.

Category Adoption & Implementation:
Commercial Potential of the TechnologicalInnovation by 2030

Category Adoption & Implementation:
Commercial Potential of the TechnologicalInnovation by 2030

A sharing service using
battery-replaceable electric
smart scooter and a charging station
for replaceable batteries

Commercialization of
alcohol-to-jet,sustainable aviation fuelOrganization

A sharing service
using batteryreplaceable electric
smart scooter
Source : e-SHARE
Ishigaki Co., Ltd.

e-SHARE Ishigaki Co., Ltd.

e-SHARE Ishigaki started a sharing service “GO SHARE” in Ishigaki City,
Okinawa Prefecture, using Gogoro's battery-replaceable electric smart
scooter and a charging station for replaceable batteries. At the
charging station, it can be replaced with a charged battery in about 6
seconds. Solar panels and recycled batteries from Nissan LEAF are
installed at some of the charging stations, and can be used as
emergency power for disaster prevention bases in the event of adisaster.

23 ICEF 2019 Report

Cyanobacteria producing
1-butanol from solar energy
and CO2
Source : Uppsala University

Organization

・sustainable aviation fuel,fuel time・sustainable aviation fuel,into wing・LanzaTech Freedom Pines
Biorefinery, Georgia, USA
Source : LanzaTech

Lanza Tech

LanzaTech is using their advanced microorganism-powered gas
fermentation technology to create ethanol from waste carbon pollution.
4,000 USG of jet and 600 USG of diesel was produced from ethanol intheir facility in Georgia, USA and a portion of this fuel was used to powera commercial flight operated by Virgin Atlantic from Orlando, Florida to
London in 2018. In June 2019, All Nippon Airways (ANA) signed an offtakewith LanzaTech to purchase sustainable aviation fuel.

2019 Innovation for Cool Ear th Forum

Category Adoption & Implementation:
Commercial Potential of the TechnologicalInnovation by 2030

Megawatt-scale solid polymerhydrogen generation system
enclosed in a 40-foot container
Organization

Hydrogen Generation System”HYDROSPRING” and Water
Electrolysis Cell
Source : © Hitachi Zosen
Corporation

Hitachi Zosen Corporation

Category Adoption & Implementation:
Commercial Potential of the TechnologicalInnovation by 2030

Electrothermal energy storage system: Siemens
can store up to 130 megawatt-hours Source
Gamesaof thermal for a week in volcanic rock
Organization

Siemens Gamesa

Hitachi Zosen Corporation started selling PEM-type hydrogen generation
system “HYDROSPRING” in 2000 and have developed lager one enclosed
in a 40-foot container. This is the first type in Japan. HYDROSPRING has acapacity of 200Nm3/h for enabling the storage of surplus power at
megawatt-scale power generation facilities and have been developed byuniting of Hitachi Zosen’s own technologies, electrolysis and filter press.
That system installed in container so that it can be installed easily andthere is no need of constructing the building. Through this Power to Gas
system, Hitachi Zosen contribute to expansion of renewable energy andrealizing the sustainable hydrogen society.

Siemens Gamesa has begun operation of its hot-rock thermalenergy-storage system. Around 1,000 tons of volcanic rock is used as
the storage medium. The pilot plant converts electrical energy into
hot air using a resistance heater and a blower in order to heat the rock
up to 750 degrees C. When required, it converts the stored thermalenergy back into electricity using a steam turbine.

Category Adoption & Implementation:
Commercial Potential of the TechnologicalInnovation by 2030

Category Adoption & Implementation:
Commercial Potential of the TechnologicalInnovation by 2030

Floating offshore wind power
generation system
in shallow water area
Organization
NEDO(Marubeni Corporation, Hitachi Zosen Corporation ,GLOCAL corporation, Cosmo Eco Power Co., Ltd.,The University of Tokyo,
Kyuden Mirai Energy Company, Incorporated）

Barge-type floating
body "HIBIKI“

Demonstrator ofbarge-type floating
offshore wind power
generation system
Source : NEDONEDO and Marubeni et al. have developed a floating offshore wind
power generation system with a 3 MW turbine at about 15 kilometers
off the coast of Kitakyushu, western area in Japan. This system has acompact turbine with two blades on a steel barge type floating bodyand a mooring system with studless chains and super high holding
power anchors, which is installed in relatively shallow waters with adepth of about 50 meters.

Fully-integrated
flow battery

Organization

40 kWh, 10 kW
moduleIncludes BMS,
cooling,
enclosure

2 MWh, Gonghe,
China
Operator:
HuangheHydro / SPIC

1 MWh, Iowa,
USA
Operator: Ideal
Energy / MUM

0.5 MWh,
Alabama, USA
Operator:
Southern
Company / EPRI

Avalon Battery Corporation

Avalon manufactures “utility grade”
energy storage that is dependable,safe, and economical. From facilities
in Canada, the USA and China,
Avalon has delivered unparalleleddurability to projects around theworld, with current installations in
the USA, China, Australia, Korea andSpain.

Source : Avalon Battery Corporation

ICEF 2019 Report 24

2019 Innovation for Cool Ear th Forum

Roadmap Projects
ICEF develops roadmaps on how key innovative technologies can contribute to a transition
to clean energy.
At the ICEF 2019 side event, the draft version of the roadmap on Industrial Heat Decarbonization
was presented.
Mr. David Sandalow, Inaugural Fellow, Center on Global Energy Policy, Columbia University, Dr. S. Julio Friedmann,
Senior Research Scholar, Center on Global Energy Policy, Columbia University, and Dr. Roger Aines, Energy Program
Chief Scientist, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, presented the background of the draft, technology options for
low-carbon industrial heat, case studies on each industrial sector, innovation challenges, policy instruments, futurechallenges, and recommendations.
After the presentation, the following key takeaways were stated as the main message: 1) 5 Gt of CO 2, which accounts forapproximately 10% of the world's CO2 emissions and is greater than the sum of emissions from cars and airplanes, isemitted annually when industrial heat is produced, and 2) various issues exist, including: the large amount of low-costcarbon-free power; special sensors and hydrogen pipelines being necessary to supply and burn hydrogen; calculation ofcarbon footprint, calculation of cost, land use, food competition, necessity of water resources, nitrogen oxides, chemicalfertilizers, uneven regional distribution associated with biomass use; the design of new electric heating equipment thatcan be heated to high temperatures; and the distance from the CO2 storage area. Thus, a great deal of study is required.
After that, with a view to long-term competitiveness in the future, they recommended construction of new steel mills
for developing countries at specific sites close to the CO 2 storage area, as direct reduction iron and arc furnaces.
Furthermore, participants commented on the need to develop alternative materials for steel and cement.
The draft was released for public comment in addition to the discussion at ICEF 2019. After revisions to reflect thecomments, the definitive version was presented at COP25 in Madrid, Spain.

25 ICEF 2019 Report2019 Innovation for Cool Ear th Forum

Steering Committee Members
Tanaka Nobuo (Chair)

Sally M. Benson

Chairman, The Sasakawa Peace Foundation;
Former Executive Director,
International Energy Agency (IEA)
Japan

Professor, Department of Energy Resources Engineering,
School of Earth, Energy & Environmental Sciences,
Stanford University;
Co-Director, Precourt Institute for Energy,
Stanford University
United States

Georg Erdmann

Eija-Riitta Korhola

Retired Professor for Energy Systems,
Berlin University of Technology;
President of the Board, KSB Energie AG, Berlin
Germany

Delegate of the Consultative Commission on Industrial
Change;Advisor in the EU Affairs
FinlandKuroda Reiko

Hoesung Lee

Designated Professor, Institute of Science andTechnology Research, Chubu University;
Professor Emeritus, The University of Tokyo
Japan

Chair of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate
Change (IPCC);
Endowed Chair Professor, Graduate School of Energy
and Environment, Korea University
Republic of Korea

Richard K. Lester

Ajay Mathur

Associate Provost, Massachusetts Institute ofTechnology
United States

Director General, The Energy and Resources
Institute (TERI);
Member of the Prime Minister’s Council on Climate
ChangeIndia

Jon Moore

Valli Moosa

Chief Executive Officer, BloombergNEF
United Kingdom

Former Minister for Environmental Affairs
Republic of South Africa

Nebojsa Nakicenovic

David Sandalow

Executive Director, The World in 2050 (TWI2050)
Austria

Inaugural Fellow, Center on Global Energy Policy,
Columbia University;
Co-Director, Energy and Environment Concentration,
School of International and Public Affairs,
Columbia University;
United States

Ismail Serageldin

Vaclav Smil

Emeritus Librarian of Alexandria,
Founding Director of the Library of Alexandria
Egypt

Distinguished Professor Emeritus, University of
Manitoba
CanadaLaurence Tubiana

Yamaji KenjiCEO, European Climate Foundation;
Chair of the Board of Governors, French Development
Agency (AFD) ;Professor, Sciences Po Paris
FranceSenior Vice President/Director-General, ResearchInstitute of Innovative Technology for the Earth (RITE);
Professor Emeritus, The University of TokyoJapan

Yasui Itaru
President, Institute of Promotion for Sustainable Society;
Honorary Adviser, National Institute of Technology and
Evaluation (NITE) ;Emeritus Professor, The University of TokyoJapan

ICEF 2019 Report 26

ICEF 2020
Save the Date
7th Annual Meeting
OCTOBER 7-8 2020
TOKYO

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