序今回の震災で亡くなられた方々に深く哀悼の意を表するとともに，被災された方々に衷
心よりお見舞い申し上げ，一日も早い被災地の復興を切に望みます。
2011年3月11日に日本の観測史上最大規模であるM9.0の海溝型巨大地震が宮城県沖で深さ24kmを震源として発生した。また，3月12日にはマグニチュード6.7の地震が長野県北部
で，3月15日にはマグニチュード6.4の地震が静岡県東部で発生した。このうち，特に，東北地方太平洋沖地震と命名された3月11日の地震は，地震動そのものによる被害に加え，地震により発生した津波により東北・関東地方に甚大な被害をもたらした。このため，日本建築学会は3月12日には東日本大震災調査復興支援本部（発足当初は大災害調査復興支援本部）を発足させ，災害委員会はその中核組織の一つとして各支部と連携をとり，かつ本会の常置委員会・運営委員会の協力を得て調査の推進を図ってきた。
しかしながら，この度の震災調査においては従来の調査とは異なる種々の事態に直面した。その一つは津波激災害地において一時は二万を超える人々が行方不明とされ，その捜索が地震発生後3ヶ月以上を経た今でも続けられていることである。また，震災発生後しばらくの間は生活必需品である食料や水に加え，ガス，電気，ガソリンなどが枯渇しその支援物資を運ぶための交通機関も寸断した。このため，大きな被害を受けなかった仙台市や福島市などにおいても人々は生活に困窮をきたし，支援者のための宿の確保も困難であった。
このような状況を配慮し，災害委員会は，初動調査は当該地区の支部が担当することとし，当該地区以外の会員には調査の自制を要請せざるをえなかった。加えて，震災直後は携帯電話やインターネットなども容易にはつながらず情報の交換・伝達に大きな支障が生じた。また，東北地方の調査の主力となるべき教員が大学の施設の被災により，その調査と復旧に精力を注がざるを得ない事態も生じた。さらには，福島で生じた原子力施設の被害による放射能の影響などもあり，特に，東北地方の被害調査は困難を極めた。
その後，事態は徐々に改善され，災害委員会は，3月30日には，津波災害地および原子力事故に伴う影響地域への調査ならびに各自治体へのアプローチは原則禁止とするものの，被災地に十分配慮した上で統制のとれた調査を行うことを骨子とした地震災害調査ガイド
ライン（案），災害調査実施要領（案）および被害調査団登録票を作成し，支援本部本部長
名にて会員に通知した。また，そのガイドラインに基づき精力的な調査の要請を常置委員
会・運営委員会に対して行った。4月6日には，被災した地域の当該支部，特に東北支部や関東支部の会員の多大な貢献を得て作成した緊急報告書をもとに，東京にて緊急報告会を開催した。また，4月23日には大阪でも同様な報告会を開催した。このうち，東京の報告会
はUSTREAMによりインターネットで配信され，視聴者は最大で約1,390名，合計視聴者数
は約7,500名であった。
4月23日には，被災地が，捜索・救助から復旧・復興へと動き始め，がれきの撤去などの活動が本格化してきたこと，それとともに，後世に残さなければならない貴重な津波による未曾有の災害の資料も喪失されつつあることを踏まえ，津波災害地の調査や行政機関へのアプローチの解除を骨子とした地震災害調査ガイドラインの改定を行い会員に通知した。
このようにして行われたこの度の一連の地震に対する本会の会員による調査は6月末時点
で200チームを超え調査員の延べ人数は2000人に達している。
本報告書はこのようにして得られた当該支部及び本会常置委員会，運営委員会による調査結果の概要を取りまとめたものです。今回の地震における被災地域の広がりや，町ごと全て消失させた深刻な津波被害の衝撃，未曾有の原子力発電所被害，などを考えれば，この度の地震は関東大震災にも匹敵する地震災害であったと言え，これら被害がもたらす影
響は，その直接的な被害のみにとどまらず，今後の我が国の社会，国のあり方の根幹に及ぶであろうことが容易に想定されます。本報告書がその根幹を形成するための貴重な資料となることを切に望みます。
最後に，本報告書を作成するにあたり，献身的な調査を行った東北支部，精力的な調査を行った関東支部，その他，迅速な調査を行った東海支部，北陸支部，詳細に計画的な調査を進めた常置委員会，運営委員会の方々，その他，調査に関連されました会員の皆様に深く感謝の意を表します。また，ご協力いただいた行政庁の方々や関係者の方々に深く感謝の意を表します。
2011年7月
日本建築学会災害委員会
委員長

平石久廣

2011 年東北地方太平洋沖地震災害調査速報
作成関係委員

東日本大震災調査復興支援本部（2011.4.12～5.31）
本部長

佐藤

副本部長 辻本

滋

委

員

誠，平石

久廣

（略）

（2011.6.1～）
本部長

和田

副本部長 新宮

章

委

員

清志，平石

久廣

（略）

災害委員会
（2009.4.1～2011.3.31）
委員長

林

康裕

幹

事

腰原

幹雄，瀬尾

委

員

（略）

和大，前田

匡樹，村尾

修

浩一，腰原

幹雄，塩原

等，村尾

（2011.4.1～）
委員長

平石

幹

事

川瀬

委

員

（略）

久廣
博，楠

修

東北地方太平洋沖地震および一連の地震災害調査速報編集ワーキンググループ
主

査

平石

久廣

副主査

田中

礼治

幹

事

川瀬

博，楠

委

員

浅里

和茂，石井

大橋

竜太，壁谷澤寿海，河合

小林

浩一，腰原

等，源栄

正人

博，稲井

栄一，井上

芳生

直人，河野

昭彦，北山

和宏

剛，勅使川原正臣，時松

孝次

敏，五十田

幹雄，塩原

淳，小林

正人，清家

中村友紀子，前田

匡樹，松本

由香，緑川

光正

インターネットワーキンググループ
主

査

三辻

委

員

川口

和弥
淳，神野

達夫，高井

伸雄，高山

峯夫，田村

田守伸一郎，中田

愼介，久田

嘉章，山村

一繁

修次

2011 年東北地方太平洋沖地震災害調査速報

目次

序
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1.1 調査の概要 ·····························································1
1.2 被害の概要 ·····························································8
1.2.1 東北地方太平洋沖地震の被害の概要 ·································8
1.2.2 長野県北部を震源とする地震による被害の概要 ······················14
1.2.3 静岡県東部を震源とする地震による被害の概要 ······················14
1.2.4 まとめ ··························································15�����������

2.1 地震・地震動···························································16
2.1.1 東北地方太平洋沖地震の概要 ······································16
2.1.2 東北地方太平洋沖地震の震源過程 ··································17
2.1.3 強震観測記録 ····················································19
2.1.4 強震動生成領域 ·················································· 22
2.1.5 強震動の構造物破壊能 ············································23
2.1.6 余震と誘発地震 ·················································· 24
2.1.7 地震・地震動の特徴のまとめ ······································26
2.2 地形・地質 ····························································28
2.2.1 はじめに ························································28
2.2.2 岩手県 ··························································28
2.2.3 宮城県 ··························································29
2.2.4 福島県 ··························································29
2.2.5 茨城県 ··························································30
2.2.6 千葉県 ··························································31
2.2.7 長野県栄村 ······················································32
2.2.8 静岡県富士宮市 ·················································· 32
2.3 津波 ··································································37
2.3.1 はじめに ························································37
2.3.2 津波の概要 ······················································37╙  ┨ ᧲ർ࿾ᣇߩⵍኂ
3.1 はじめに ······························································42
3.2 地震動 ································································44
3.2.1 地盤系強震記録 ·················································· 44
3.2.2 建物系強震記録 ·················································· 52
3.2.3 同一観測点での過去の被害地震との比較 ····························61
3.3 被害統計 ······························································64
3.3.1 人的被害の状況 ·················································· 64
3.3.2 建物被害の状況 ·················································· 64
3.3.3 津波による浸水被害 ··············································65
3.3.4 ライフラインの被害 ··············································67
3.3.5 その他生活関連の被害 ············································68
3.3.6 被害額 ··························································72
3.4 地盤・基礎構造の被害···················································73
3.4.1 はじめに ························································73
3.4.2 宮城県白石市 ····················································73
3.4.3 宮城県亘理郡山元町 ··············································73
3.4.4 宮城県柴田郡村田町 ··············································74
3.4.5 宮城県仙台市 ····················································76
3.4.6 宮城県石巻市（赤井地区） ········································82
3.4.7 宮城県遠田郡美里町南郷地区 ······································83
3.4.8 宮城県女川町において津波によって転倒した建物の基礎構造について ··84
3.5 建物等の被害···························································88
3.5.1 概要 ····························································88
3.5.2 被災建物の悉皆調査 ··············································88
3.5.3 福島県の初動調査 ················································ 93
3.5.4 個別建物の調査 ·················································· 96
3.5.5 木造建物の被害 ················································· 120
3.6 非構造部材の被害······················································124
3.6.1 調査の方針と概要 ··············································· 124
3.6.2 天井の被害 ·····················································124
3.6.3 外壁の被害 ·····················································131
3.6.4 瓦屋根の被害 ···················································138
3.6.5 その他の非構造部材の被害 ·······································140
3.6.6 まとめ ·························································142
3.7 歴史的建造物の被害····················································144
3.7.1 被害調査の概要 ················································· 144

3.7.2 被害の概要 ·····················································145
3.7.3 各県の被害状況 ················································· 146
3.8 建築設備の被害························································154
3.8.1 建築設備の被害の概要 ···········································154
3.8.2 空調設備の被害 ················································· 155
3.8.3 給排水設備の被害 ··············································· 159
3.8.4 電気設備の被害 ················································· 162
3.8.5 ライフラインの被害 ·············································165
3.8.6 その他の被害 ···················································167
3.9 生活関連の被害························································169
3.9.1 人的被害の状況と暮らしへの影響 ·································169
3.9.2 生活関連施設の被害の状況 ·······································171
3.9.3 被災地の広域性と多様性 ·········································176
3.9.4 復旧・復興への道筋 ·············································181
3.10 津波による被害·······················································186
3.10.1 津波発生のメカニズム ··········································186
3.10.2 津波浸水地域 ··················································187
3.10.3 津波時刻歴 ····················································189
3.10.4 津波高さ分布 ··················································190
3.10.5 津波被害調査地域および浸水図について ··························192
3.10.6 青森県の被害 ··················································193
3.10.7 岩手県の被害 ··················································196
3.10.8 宮城県の被害 ··················································224
3.10.9 福島県の被害 ··················································250
3.10.10 各種構造別被害 ··············································· 252
3.10.11 各種被害 ·····················································258╙  ┨ 㑐᧲࿾ᣇߩⵍኂ
4.1 はじめに ·····························································263
4.1.1 調査の概要 ·····················································263
4.1.2 調査の範囲と方法 ··············································· 263
4.1.3 被害の概要 ·····················································265
4.2 地震動・地盤··························································269
4.2.1 地震動 ·························································269
4.2.2 地形・地質構造 ················································· 277
4.2.3 地盤と建物の同時観測記録 ·······································280
4.3 支所別の建物被害······················································285

4.3.1 茨城県の建物被害 ··············································· 285
4.3.2 千葉県の建物被害 ··············································· 297
4.3.3 栃木県の建物被害 ··············································· 305
4.3.4 埼玉県の建物被害 ··············································· 315
4.3.5 群馬県の建物被害 ··············································· 318
4.3.6 東京都の建物被害 ··············································· 322
4.3.7 神奈川県の建物被害 ·············································330
4.4 構造種別ごとの被害····················································334
4.4.1 木造建物の状況 ················································· 334
4.4.2 鉄筋コンクリート造・鉄骨鉄筋コンクリート造建物の状況 ···········337
4.4.3 鉄骨造建物の被害 ··············································· 340
4.4.4 超高層建物の状況 ··············································· 342
4.4.5 免震・制振建物の状況 ···········································345
4.4.6 大空間施設の構造被害と天井落下被害の状況 ·······················348
4.4.7 外壁・外装材の被害の状況 ·······································351
4.4.8 その他の非構造部材の被害 ·······································353
4.5 地盤・基礎横造の被害··················································355
4.5.1 はじめに ·······················································355
4.5.2 地盤の被害：液状化 ·············································355
4.5.3 基礎の被害 ·····················································355
4.5.4 その後の状況 ···················································356
4.6 津波被害 ·····························································357
4.6.1 津波の概要 ·····················································357
4.6.2 被害の概要 ·····················································357
4.7 まとめ ·······························································362╙  ┨ ർ㒽࿾ᣇ࡮᧲ᶏ࿾ᣇߩⵍኂ
5.1 北陸地方の被害························································363
5.1.1 概要 ···························································363
5.1.2 地震動の概要 ···················································363
5.1.3 木造建物の被害 ················································· 365
5.1.4 鉄骨造，鉄筋コンクリート造建物の被害 ···························368
5.1.5 ライフライン，その他の被害 ·····································370
5.1.6 まとめ ·························································372
5.2 東海地方の被害························································373
5.2.1 概要 ···························································373
5.2.2 調査方法 ·······················································373

5.2.3 富士宮市西部の学校建物等の被害 ·································374
5.2.4 富士宮市東部の学校建物等の被害 ·································376
5.2.5 被構造部材の被害 ··············································· 378
5.2.6 富士宮市南部の被害 ·············································380
5.2.7 まとめ ·························································382╙  ┨ ฦ᭴ㅧߩⵍኂ
6.1 木造建物の被害························································383
6.1.1 振動による被害 ················································· 383
6.1.2 津波による被害 ················································· 392
6.2 鉄筋コンクリート造建物の被害··········································402
6.2.1 被害調査の概要 ················································· 402
6.2.2 調査地域と対象 ················································· 402
6.2.3 代表的な被害事例 ··············································· 403
6.3 鉄骨鉄筋コンクリート造建物の被害······································439
6.3.1 はじめに ·······················································439
6.3.2 調査方法 ·······················································439
6.3.3 特徴的な被害形態 ··············································· 440
6.3.4 特徴的な建物の被害 ·············································440
6.3.5 個別被害状況 ···················································445
6.3.6 今後の調査について ·············································456
6.4 壁式構造の被害························································457
6.4.1 はじめに ·······················································457
6.4.2 鉄筋コンクリート造系壁式構造 ···································457
6.4.3 組積造 ·························································469
6.5 鉄骨造建物の被害······················································482
6.5.1 概要 ···························································482
6.5.2 地震動による被害 ··············································· 482
6.5.3 津波による被害 ················································· 490
6.5.4 地盤変状による損傷 ·············································510
6.5.5 火災をともなう損傷 ············································· 511
6.5.6 まとめ ·························································512
6.6 非構造部材の被害······················································513
6.6.1 被害の概要 ·····················································513
6.6.2 木造住宅などにおける瓦と湿式外壁 ·······························514
6.6.3 天井の被害 ·····················································515
6.6.4 外壁・外装材・開口部の被害 ·····································518

6.6.5 その他非構造部材の被害 ·········································525
6.6.6 まとめ ·························································529
6.7 地盤と基礎の被害······················································530
6.7.1 はじめに ·······················································530
6.7.2 東京湾岸 ·······················································530
6.7.3 利根川流域 ·····················································537
6.7.4 東北地方 ·······················································542
6.7.5 まとめ ·························································551
6.8 歴史的建造物の被害····················································553
6.8.1 調査の概要 ·····················································553
6.8.2 指定文化財建造物の被害 ·········································554
6.8.3 主な被害と今後の課題 ···········································558
6.8.4 まとめ ·························································572╙  ┨ ߹ߣ߼
7.1 地震の概要 ···························································573
7.2 地形・地質 ···························································573
7.3 津波の概要 ···························································574
7.4 被害統計 ·····························································574
7.5 木造建物の被害························································575
7.6 鉄筋コンクリート造建物の被害··········································575
7.7 鉄骨鉄筋コンクリート造建物の被害······································575
7.8 壁式構造の被害························································576
7.9 鉄骨造建物の被害······················································576
7.10 非構造部材の被害·····················································576
7.11 地盤と基礎の被害·····················································577
7.12 指定文化財建造物の被害···············································577

執筆者
第1章
1.1 腰原幹雄
1.2 井上芳生
第2章
2.1 川瀬博，松島信一，宝音図
2.2 渡邊秀和
2.3 中埜良昭
第3章
3.1 田中礼治
3.2
3.2.1 大野晋，神山眞
3.2.2 大野晋，猿田正明，三辻和弥，菅原裕太，小山信，
鹿嶋俊英，後藤航，池田隆明，鈴木幸一，船木尚己，
源栄正人，守研二，飯藤将之，柴山明寛，本間誠
3.2.3 源栄正人
3.3
石井敏
3.4
三辻和弥
3.5
3.5.1 薛松濤
3.5.2 柴山明寛
3.5.3 浅里和茂，市岡綾子，岸本一蔵，楠浩一，桑原進，
小林正人，小林正実，坂下雅信，鈴木祥之，
谷口与知也，西山峰夫
3.5.4 源栄正人，山田哲，池永昌容，前田匡樹，吉敷洋一，
益野英昌，大沼正明，船木尚己，飯藤将之，
藤田智己，浅里和茂，西山峰夫，谷口与知也，
中原浩之，花井伸明，坂下雅信，小幡昭彦
3.5.5 板垣直行，飯藤将之，藤田智己
3.6
3.6.1 三橋博三
3.6.2 三橋博三，菊田貴恒
3.6.3 西脇智哉，板垣直行
3.6.4 板垣直行
3.6.5 石山智3.6.6 板垣直行
3.7
3.7.1 永井康雄
3.7.2 永井康雄
3.7.3 野村俊一，角哲，崎山俊雄，相模誓雄，小幡知之，
速水清孝
3.8
3.8.1 岡田誠之
3.8.2 内海康雄，仲村光史
3.8.3 赤井仁志，草刈洋行
3.8.4 須藤諭3.8.5 渡邉浩文
3.8.6 菅原正則
3.9
3.9.1 新井信幸
3.9.2 山本和恵，厳爽，石井敏，坂口大洋
3.9.3 大沼正寛，増田聡，鈴木孝男
3.9.4 坂口大洋，新井信幸
3.10
3.10.1 田中仁
3.10.2 田中仁
3.10.3 田中仁

3.10.43.10.53.10.63.10.7

田中仁
柴山明寛
毛呂眞
田中礼治，竹幸宏，山谷亮太，益野英昌，
柴田明徳
3.10.8 田中礼治，竹幸宏，砂金隆夫，山谷亮太，
益野英昌，柴田明徳，桜井光之，荒井智彦
3.10.9 楠浩一，岸本一蔵，浅里和茂，市岡綾子，
岸本一蔵，楠浩一，桑原進，小林正人，小林正実，
坂下雅信，鈴木祥之，谷口与知也，西山峰夫
3.10.10 板垣直行，田中礼治，緑川光正
3.10.11 北後明彦，後藤光亀，李玉友，西晴樹，瀧内義男
第4章
4.1
4.1.1 塩原等
4.1.2 塩原等
4.1.3 北山和宏
4.2
4.2.1 楠浩一，楠原文雄
4.2.2 松本由香
4.2.3 笠井和彦
4.3
4.3.1 金久保利之，八十島章
4.3.2 秋田知芳，時松孝次，藤井賢志，中井正一，関口徹，
中村友紀子，高橋徹，肥田剛典，藤本一雄，
島田侑子
4.3.3 入江康隆， 稲山正弘，相馬智明，新藤忠徳，
高橋純一
4.3.4 香取慶一，佐久間順三，西野広滋，松野浩一
4.3.5 山中憲行，村田敬一，宇佐見隆志，藤生英樹，
高橋康夫，森 隆，田野哲也，太田守人
4.3.6 北山和宏，楠原文雄，高橋典之，中村孝也
4.3.7 松本由香，元結正次郎，渡部洋，江波戸和正，荏本孝久
4.4
4.4.1 藤田香織
4.4.2 北山和宏
4.4.3 松本由香
4.4.4 久田嘉章，久保智弘，新藤淳
4.4.5 笠井和彦
4.4.6 川口健一，立道郁生
4.4.7 清家剛，名取発，熊谷亮平，江口亨
4.4.8 清家剛，名取発，熊谷亮平，江口亨
4.5 中井正一
4.6 藤本一雄
4.7 塩原等
第5章
5.1
5.1.1 五十田博
5.1.2 村田晶5.1.3 五十田博
5.1.4 加藤大介，土井希祐
5.1.5 池本敏和
5.1.6 五十田博
5.2
5.2.1 勅使川原正臣，中村聡宏
5.2.2 勅使川原正臣，中村聡宏

5.2.3 勅使川原正臣，丸山一平，中村聡宏，小川司，
苔前圭介
5.2.4 市之瀬敏勝，佐藤篤司，高橋之5.2.5 清家剛，伊山潤，名取発，熊谷亮平，江口亨
5.2.6 棈木紀男，渡部洋，江波戸和正，佐野ゆかり
5.2.7 勅使川原正臣
第6章
6.1
6.1.1 河合直人、五十田博
6.1.2 槌本敬大、中川貴文、荒木康弘
6.2
6.2.1 壁谷澤寿海
6.2.2 壁谷澤寿海
6.2.3 壁谷澤寿海，中埜良昭，崔琥，中野克彦，前田匡樹，
北山和宏，加藤大介，市之瀬敏勝，高橋之，田才晃，楠浩一，塩原等，和泉信之，福山洋，壁谷澤寿一，
谷昌典，渡辺一弘，飯塚正義，勅使川原正臣，
中村聡宏
6.3 田中照久，堺純一，倉本洋，土井希祐
6.4
6.4.1 稲井栄一
6.4.2 稲井栄一，時田伸二，井上芳生，飯塚正義，
佐々木隆浩
6.4.3 菊池健児，花里利一，黒木正幸，古賀一八，
川上勝弥，三田紀行
6.5 緑川光正，多田元英，寺田岳彦，西山功，井戸田秀樹，
大友啓徳，岡崎太一郎，川口淳，桑原進，孔富聖，
聲高裕治，坂下雅信，佐藤篤司，佐藤裕一，
吹田啓一郎，多賀謙蔵，高田明伸，田中剛，
谷口与史也，柘植聖子，富岡義人，難波尚，平林典久，
向出静司，村木泰輔，山田直人，山本貴之，渡邊祥6.6 清家剛，名取発，熊谷亮平，江口亨
6.7 時松孝次，田村修次，鈴木比呂子，勝間田幸太
6.8
6.8.1 山崎鯛介
6.8.2 田中禎彦
6.8.3 山崎鯛介，上野勝久，大野敏，藤川昌樹，加藤悠希，
大橋竜太，鯵坂徹
6.8.4 後藤治
第7章
7. 平石久廣