STRATEGY OF WATER POLLUTION CONTROL IN
CITARUM WATERSHED

Lukmi Purwandari
Director of Water Pollution Control

MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTRY OFREPUBLIC OF INDONESIA1

LATEST POLICY RELATED TO WATER POLLUTIONCONTROL IN CITARUM WATERSHED• The Indonesian Ministry of Environment and Forestry has set themaximum pollution load allowed to be discharged into the Citarum
River through Ministerial Decree No.300 of 2017
• Based on the Ministerial Decree, the provincial and regency / city
governments in the Citarum watershed area must formulate andimplement strategies, programs and action plans with the aim thatby 2019 the water quality of the Citarum River is better in one classthan that in 2015
• Presidential Regulation Number 15 of 2018 concerning Accelerationof Citarum Watershed Pollution and Damage Control• The Presidential regulation is the basis for doing steps accelerationand strategy in an integrated manner for control and law
enforcement, which integrating authority between government
agencies and related stakeholders for watershed recovery Citarum2

MUARA GEMBONG
BEKASIWADUK JATILUHURWADUK CIRATA

CITARUM IN FIGURESo Watershed area: 6.614 Km2o River length: 269 km
o Rainfall average: 2,300 mm / year
o Average discharge: 5.7 billion / m3 / yro > 50% urban areao Population served> 27.5 Million (17.5 Jt
West Java, 10 Jt DKI)o Artificial Reservoir:o ‐ Saguling 1986: 982 million m3
o ‐ Cirata 1988: 2.165 million m3
o ‐ Jatiluhur 1963: 3,000 million m3
o Electricity 1,888 MWo Agricultural irrigation source 300,000
ha (4.5 million tons / year)
o Source of drinking water: Bandung,Cimahi, Cianjur, Purwakarta, Bekasi,Karawang, and 80% for JAKARTAo Industrial Number: 2,822 units

OUTLET CITARUM HULU
(WADUK SAGLING)

SITU CISANTIOVERVIEW3 OF
CITARUM WATERSHEDGENERALENVIRONMENTAL ISSUESIN CITARUM WATERSHED

1Subang

PROBLEMS

3• flood• Industrial waste,domestic waste and• Spatial control

2• Industrial waste, Cianjur
domestic waste,• Spatial control

1

Sumedang

Saguling DAM
Cihampelas

CimahiUjung

DayeuhBerungkolot
Banjaran

Rancaekek

Majalaya• Reduced protected area functions(forest and non‐forest)• The development of settlements
without good planningGn Wayang• Critical land, Erosion andGarutSendimentation• Livestock waste• Agricultural Pattern that is notinSegmen 1 (G. Wayang‐J. Majalaya)accordance with conserva rulessi
Segmen 2 (Solokanjeruk. Bojongsoang)
Segmen 3 (J. Dayeuhkolot‐. UjungSaguling)4

Water Quality Monitoring
Stations In Citarum River

4 Sub‐Systems in Citarum River

5

DAS CITARUM
A= Good or meeting water qualty standard
standard
B=slighly Polluted
C= Medium Polluted
D=Higly Polluted

6

ASSESSMENT RESULT OF WATER QUALITYDESIGNATED CLASS OF CITARUM RIVER
Segment

Segment

Current
Water
Quality

Proposed
Water
QualityClass

Water Quality Target

2015‐20192020‐2024

Upstream

Cisanti‐Wangisagara

II‐IIII

II

I

1Wangisagara‐
W.Saguling

III‐IV‐>IV

II

III

II

2

W.Saguling‐
W.Ciarata

III‐IV

II

III

II

3

W.Cirata‐
W.Jatiluhur

III‐IV

II

III

II

4

W.Jatiluhur‐
Muara

III‐IV

II

III

II
7

Pollution load from Domestic Source

Domestic source isaccounted as
the biggest pollution
load contributor

8Pollution load from Domestic Source

Urban drainage
is usedfor receiving
household waste

9

INDUSTRIAL DISTRIBUTION MAP IN CITARUM WATERSHEDZONA 7ZONA 6ZONA 5ZONA 2ZONA 4ZONA 3ZONA 110POLLUTION SOURCES OF CITARUM

Liviestocks have beendischarging their waste into river

Urban stettlements have been discharging
their waste into drainages that areconnected into river

Settlements located in the river bankhave been discharging their waste
directly into river

Industries have been discharging
their waste into river without proper treatment 11

Policy Tools
POLICY TOOLS

Command & Control

Public Service Facility

Guidance / Technical AssistanceEffluent Standard

Tecnical GudelinesEIA, Economic Instrument
PermitCompliance
Supervision,
Law Enforcement

Public Toilet &Sewerage
Treatment Plant

Dissemination
TechnicalAssistance
Model

SewerageTreatment
SystemSolid waste management

12Criteria of quick wins : Measureable progress in short/medium term “Real effect” according to public perception
Proposed quick wins :1. River restoration (clean‐up) integrated demoproject
2. River/watershed ecosystem
restoration/rehabilitation

13

Scope of the integrated river restoration demo project
A. Non Physical work consists of :1) Capacity building related to the all aspectsof integrated river restoration
2) Development an integrated action plan inriver restoration
3) Development of criteria, standard,technical guidance and reliable
information system for river restoration
4) Development of monitoring andevaluation system for river restoration
5) Development of cause effect analysis, andrelevant modeling for water quality
improvement and pollution control
6) Development of strategic communicationand community empowerment
7) Development of effluent or waste water
discharge permit technique for industry

B.
1)
2)
3)

4)
5)

The physical or technical works thatwill be conducted are as follows:
Application of technology forcommunal wasted water treatment
plant from domestic sources
Application of technology for water
purification in stream
Application of technology and best
management practices for Non
Point Source pollution loadreduction
Application of technology forriparian green space
Application of technology forcommunity social interaction
facility (social amenity) such as:
jogging tract, sport facility etc.

14Reduction of Pullution Load of 75% is needed for segment No. 1 and 4
Reduction of Pullution Load of 50% is needed for segment No. 2 dan 3Segmen
1234Regency

Reduction of Reduction of Reduction ofActual Load
25%
50%
75%
SubBODBODBOD
BOD
Watershed(Kg/day)(Kg/day)(Kg/day)(Kg/day)
Cirasea
22.873,91
17.155,43
11.436,96
5.718,48
Citarik20.382,82
15.287,12
10.191,41
5.095,71
Cikeruh
24.788,34
18.591,25
12.394,17
6.197,08
Cisangkuy
19.482,94
14.612,20
9.741,47
4.870,73
Cikapundung
77.341,19
58.005,89
38.670,59
19.335,30
Ciwidey
8.282,60
6.211,95
4.141,30
2.070,65
Cihaur
45.532,04
34.149,03
22.766,02
11.383,01
Ciminyak10.929,27
8.196,965.464,64
2.732,32
Cimeta10.076,68
7.557,51
5.038,34
2.519,17
Cisokan
32.219,81
24.164,86
16.109,91
8.054,95
Cikundul
7.803,99
5.852,99
3.901,99
1.951,00
DTA Jatiluhur
17.749,33
13.311,99
8.874,66
4.437,33
Cikao
13.985,97
10.489,48
6.992,98
3.496,49

Kab.Bandung
Kab.Sumedang
Kota Bandung
Kab.Bandung
Kota Bandung
Kab.Bandung
CimahiBandung Barat
Bandung Barat
Kab.Cianjur
Kab.Cianjur
Purwakarta
Purwakarta
Kab.Bogor,Kab.Karawang
CibeetKab.Karawang,
Kab.Bekasi
Citrarum Hilir

39.452,75

29.589,56

19.726,37

9.863,1980.094,45

60.070,84

40.047,22

20.023,61
15

RESULT OF TMDLs DEVELOPMENT FOR CITARUM RIVER (MinisterialDecree No: SK.300/Menlhk/Setjen/PKL.l/6/2017)
Segment

1234Regency

Sub‐
Watershed

Kab.BandungCirasea
Kab.Sumedang Citarik
Kota Bandung
Cikeruh
Kab.Bandung
Cisangkuy
Kota Bandung
Cikapundung
Kab.Bandung
Ciwidey
Kota Cimahi
CihaurBandung Barat Ciminyak
Bandung Barat Cimeta
Kab.Cianjur
Cisokan
Kab.Cianjur
Cikundul
Purwakarta
DTA Jatiluhur
Purwakarta
Cikao
Kab.Bogor,Kab.KarawangCibeet
Kab.Karawang,
Kab.Bekasi
Citrarum Hilir

ActualPollution
Load (kgBOD/day)

Pollution
Pollution
Load for
Load
Load foreach
TMDLs(kg Reduction
eachBOD/day) needed (kg Segment
Segment(kgBOD/day)on (%)
BOD/day)

22.873,91
20.382,82
24.788,34
19.482,94
77.341,19
8.282,60
45.532,04
10.929,27
10.076,68
32.219,81
7.803,99
17.749,33
13.985,97

5.718,48
5.095,71
6.197,08
4.870,73
19.335,30
2.070,65
11.383,01
5.464,64
5.038,34
16.109,91
3.901,998.874,66
3.496,49

17.155,43
15.287,12
18.591,25
14.612,20 218.683,85
58.005,89
6.211,95
34.149,03
5.464,64
5.038,34 53.225,76
16.109,91
3.901,99
25.553,31
8.874,66
10.489,48

39.452,75

9.863,19

29.589,56 133.533,17

80.094,45430.996,09

20.023,61
127.443,79

60.070,84
303.552,30 430.996,09

50,74

12,35
5,93

30,98

100,0016

Contribution of Pollution Sources in Citarum Watershed
Non Point Source(NPS)
Aquaculture
6.14%
4.34%
Industry
11.84%

Livestocks
15.52%

Domestic
62.16%

Contribution of Pollution Sources in Citarum Watershed
17WASTE LOAD ALLOCATION IN CITARUM WATERSHED

Segment

12Livestock Industry(kg(kgBOD/day) BOD/day)

Aquacultu Non PointeSource
Regenc(kg(NPS) (kgyBOD/day) BOD/day)Regency

Domestic(kg BOD/day)

Kab.Bandung
Kab.Sumedang
Kota Bandung
Kab.BandungCirasea
Citarik
CikeruhCisangkuy

13.599,30
8.813,77
17.549,87
11.583,26

1.522,53
656,25
163,94
1.296,82

976,135.302,25
786,25
831,42

27,67 1.029,80
0,00
514,84
0,00
91,19
23,57
877,13

Kota Bandung
Kab.Bandung
Kota Cimahi
Bandung Barat
Bandung Barat
Kab.CianjurKab.Cianjur

Cikapundung
Ciwidey
CihaurCiminyakCimetaCisokan
Cikundul

54.756,72
4.924,28
31.284,99
3.173,09
2.925,56
7.944,39
1.924,22

511,51
551,31
602,891.285,46
1.185,18
2.515,75
609,343.535,66
353,462.081,50
202,68186,87
171,6641,58

3,25
284,52
10,02
372,89
1,91
177,73
226,51
576,90208,84
531,893.884,40 1.593,71
940,84
386,01

Kab.Purwakarta
Kab.Purwakarta
Kab.Bogor,Kab.
Karawang
Kab.Karawang,
Kab.Bekasi

DTA Jatiluhur
Cikao

2.505,17
2.961,00

3.170,32
3.747,18

1.270,59
1.501,79

1.472,08
1.739,94

CibeetCitrarumHilir

12.874,90

13.126,49

1.910,75

34456,50
539,56

22,84 1.654,57
1836.067,47

2.681,0212.416,33

0,00 8.906,02

Terget of Pollution Load Reduction (kg BOD/day) in
Citarum Watershed from Industry Source
Segment

12Regency
Kab.Bandung
Kab.Sumedang
Kota Bandung
Kab.Bandung
Kota Bandung
Kab.Bandung
Kota Cimahi
Bandung Barat
Bandung Barat
Kab.Cianjur
Kab.Cianjur

Pollution Load Reduction(kg BOD /day)
976,135.302,25
786,25
831,42
3.535,66
353,462.081,50
202,68186,87
171,6641,58

34Total

Kab.Purwakarta
Kab.Purwakarta
Kab.Bogor,Kab.Karawang
Kab.Karawang, Kab.Bekasi

1.270,59
1.501,79
1.910,75
12.416,33
31.568,91

19

WATER POLLUTION CONTROLPROGRAM AND ACTIVITIES IN
CITARUM in 2018‐2019
DIRECTORATE OF WATER POLLUTIONCONTROL, MOEF

20

ACTIVITYTARGETGOAL

STAKEHOLDERS

Restoration inCitarik
Watershed(parth of theCitarum
upstreamarea)

Constructing ofwetland in
Cigumentong andGamblok fordecreasing
pollution loadfrom NPS(erosion, fertilizerand pesticideresidue), Ciaro
critical landconservation,
Waste
Management andDevelopment ofLivestock Digester

Decrease ofwater Pollution
load andWater Quality
Improvement
in Citarik River

KLHK, Provincial
and Regency /City Government,
Wanadri andNature Lovers
East Bandung,
Private and SOC(CSR)

Restoration inCidadap river,
Karawang
Regency (Thedownstream
area ofCitarum
Watershed )Construction of
WWTP, wetland,composting andeco-education
centreDecrease ofPollution Loadfrom solid
waste anddomestic
waste water

KLHK, Provincialand Regency /City Government,
Environmental
friend community(NGO), Privateand SOC (CSR)

Evaluation andassistance toapply theTMDL forlicensing of
effluent
discharge
permitImproving thetechnical
requirements ofIndustrial Waste
Disposal Permit
for the fulfillmentof TMDL inCitarum
Watershed

Decrease of
Pollution Loadfrom Industrial
Waste Water

KLHK, WEPAMOEJ, EPA ofWest Java andRegency

21

ACTIVITYTARGET

GOAL

Implementation of
Clean River
Program(PROKASIH):
Assistance to the
Fulfillment of
Pollution Load
Allocation andWater Quality Index

Improved
capacity of LGs
in the fulfillmentof TMDL of
Citarum River

Decrease of
Pollution
Load from allsources ofwater
pollution andimprovementof waterquality inCitarum
watershed

KLHK, WEPAMOEJ, EPA ofWest Java andRegencies

Facilitate theacceleration ofdevelopment andoperation ofcommunal industrial
WWTP in several
industrial clusters in
the Citarum
watershed

Increasing ofIndustrial
Effuent
standard
compliance

Decrease of
Pollution
Load from all
sources ofwater
pollution in
Citarumwatershed

KLHK, EPA ofWest Java andRegency, ESCITBPILOT PROJECT
Pollution Control
Model from Diffuse
SourceConstruction of
wetlandDecrease of
Pollution
Load fromresidue of
fertilizer andpesticide andsoil erosionKLHK, EPA ofWest Java andRegency,
IndonesianPower (CSR)

Construction of Biodigester in Cisanti(headwater area ofCitarum river)Livestock biodigester

Decrease ofPollution
Load fromcattle dung

KLHK andCommunity
Group (NGO)STAKEHOLDERS

22

ACTIVITIESGOALSTAKEHOLDERS

Construction
Several Units
in 2019of STP for
domestic andWWTP
construction
for small scale
enterprises

Decrease ofpolllution loadfrom domestic
and small scale
enterprises

MOEF, EPA Jawa
Barat Provinceand EPA ofregency
concerned

Installation,
operation andmaintenanceof anautomatic,
continuousand online
Water Quality
Monitoring
System in theCitarum River

Real time andonline water
quality data is
obtained

MOEF, EPA Jawa
Barat Provinceand EPA ofregency
concerned

Monitoring
andevaluating
STP
performance

TARGET

2 stations inBandung(MajalayaandDayeuhkolot)
in 2017 and 2
more units
will be built in2019

Monitoring
andevaluating
STP
performance

Data andinformation on
the performanceof domestic
wastewater
treatment
infrastructure is
obtained

MOEF, EPA Jawa
Barat Provinceand EPA ofregency
concerned, ITB
and UGM

23

WETLAND BIOCORD WWTP FOR DOMESTIC WASTE WATER IN
250 CIDADAP RIVER, IN KEC.TELUK JAMBE TIMUR KAB.
KARAWANG (CITARUM DOWNSTREAM)24

ONLINE WATER QUALITY MONITORING STATIUN IN CITARUM RIVER
Stasiun ONLIMO Sungai Citarum,
Wangisagara, Majalaya, Kab.Bandung

Stasiun ONLIMO Sungai Citarum
Dayeuhkolot, Kab.Bandung25

TERIMAKASIH
ARIGATO GOZAIMASUTHANK YOU VERY MUCH26