WORLD PARA ATHLETICS APPROVED AMENDMENTS MARCH 2024
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Rule

All

ActionAmend

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Amended Text (Red)THROUGHOUT RULE BOOK

THROUGHOUT RULE BOOK

All references to “he”, “she”, “his”, “her”, “himself” and“herself”

Changed to “they”, “their” and “themselves” throughout.

PART A – GENERALPART A – GENERAL

Rationale

In order to maintain the text
gender neutral.

8

Amend
(Deleteand add)

IPC Competitions: World Para Athletics Championships andWorld Para Athletics Regional Championships.

IPC Competitions WPA Championships: World Para
Athletics Championships and World Para Athletics Regional
Championships.

Aligned with the steps towards
the transfer of governance.

8

Amend
(Delete)IPC Games: the Paralympic Games and the Parapan
American Games.

IPC Games: the Paralympic Games and the Parapan
American Games.

As the Americas Paralympic
committee
hasbecomeindependent from IPC, remove
the “IPC Games” definition.

9

Amend
(Add New
Definition)

Raza Points System: the scoring system in Para athletics
events used to compare performances in the same eventby athletes in different Sports Classes, as published on the
WPA website from time to time.

To clarify where the current
points system to be used canbe found.

9

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(Add)

Sport Class Status: a designation applied to a Sport Class
to indicate the extent to which an athlete may be required
to undertake athlete evaluation and/or be subject to aclassification protest.

Sport Class Status: a designation applied to a Sport Class
to indicate the extent to which an athlete may be required
to undertake athlete evaluation and/or be subject to aclassification protest. Further detail in relation to SportClass Statuses can be found in the World Para Athletics
Classification Rules and Regulations.

To clarify where additional
information on Sport Class
Status can be found.

Amend
(Add)

2 General Provisions

2 General Provisions

2.1.6 Any matter not addressed in these Rules shall be
determined by the IPC, in its sole discretion.

2.1.6 Any matter not addressed in these Rules shall be
determined by WPA the IPC, in its sole discretion.

Aligned with the steps towards
the transfer of governance.

Amend(Deleteand add)

3 World Para Athletics Recognised Competitions

3 World Para Athletics Recognised Competitions

3.1.2 World Para Athletics Recognised Competition levels
are as follows:

3.1.2 World Para Athletics Recognised Competition levels
are as follows:

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13

2.1.6

3.1.2

As the Americas Paralympic
committee
hasbecome

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ActionCurrent

Amended Text (Red)a) IPC Games• Paralympic Games• Parapan American Gamesa) IPC Games• Paralympic Games• Parapan American Gamesb) IPC Competitions:• World Para Athletics Championships• World Para Athletics Regional Championships[…]b) IPC Competitions WPA Championships:• World Para Athletics Championships• World Para Athletics Regional Championships[…]

PART B – WPA REGULATIONS
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5

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Anti-Doping

5.1 Anti-Doping requirements
5.1.1 The IPC Anti-Doping Code (located on the IPC
website) applies to all IPC Games, IPC Competitions andWorld Para Athletics Sanctioned Competitions.

5.1 Anti-Doping Code requirements
5.1.1 The IPC Anti-Doping Code (located on the IPC
website) applies to the Paralympic Games, all IPC Games,
IPC Competitions all WPA Championships and World Para
Athletics Sanctioned Competitions.

In order for a World Record to be recognised by World Para
Athletics, doping control must occur at the competition
that the record is set, and, the testing must have beenarranged in advance of the start of the first day ofcompetition. It is not a requirement that an athlete thathas broken a world record is selected for testing.
In the case where a record is broken at a competition thathas not arranged for doping control in advance, the record
shall not be recognised.

independent from IPC, thewording “IPC Games” will be
Changed to Paralympic Games
across the Rulebook.
Aligned with the steps towards
the transfer of governance, thewording “IPC Competitions”
Changedto“WPA
Championships” across theRulebook.

PART B – WPA REGULATIONS

Anti-Doping

5.1.2 World Para Athletics Approved Competitions must be
conducted in accordance with the anti-doping rules of therelevant governing body and the WADC International
Standards.

Rationale

5.1.2 World Para Athletics Approved Competitions must be
conducted in accordance with the anti-doping rules of therelevant governing body and the WADC International
Standards.
5.2. World Record Recognition
5.2.1 In order for a World Record to be recognised byWorld Para Athletics, doping control conducted inaccordance with the WADA International Standard for
Testing and Investigations must occur at the competition
that the record is set., and, the tTesting must have beenarranged in advance of the start of the first day ofcompetition. It is not a requirement that an athlete thathas broken a world record is selected for testing.
5.2.2 In the case where a record is broken at a competition
that has not arranged for doping control in advanceaccordance with Regulation 5.2.1, the record shall not berecognised.

To provide clarity.

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6.5.1

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(deleteand add)

Medical and safety services at IPC Games, IPC
Competitions and World Para Athletics Sanctioned
Competitions

Medical and safety services at IPC the Paralympic Games,
IPC Competitions WPA Championships and World Para
Athletics Sanctioned Competitions

6.5.1 The LOC shall be responsible for implementing the
medical and safety services for IPC Games in accordancewith the relevant host agreement.

6.5.1 The LOC shall be responsible for implementing the
medical and safety services for IPC the Paralympic Gamesin accordance with the relevant host agreement, as well as
the WPA scope of event medical services.

6.9 Heat

6.9 Heat

The IPC Heat Policy (located on the IPC website) applies toall World Para Athletics Recognised Competitions.

The IPC WPA Heat Countermeasure Policy (located on the
IPC WPA website) applies to all World Para Athletics
Recognised Competitions. the Paralympic Games and WPAChampionships. For all other WPA sanctioned andapproved competitions, WPA expects the LOC to
implement reasonable measures that are aligned with thispolicy.

PART C – WORLD PARA ATHLETICS COMPETITION RULES

PART C – WORLD PARA ATHLETICS COMPETITION RULES

Rule 1: Appointment of Officials

Rule 1: Appointment of Officials

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6.9

1

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(Add)

1. Appointment of Officials for IPC Games and IPC
Competitions:a) At IPC Games and IPC Competitions the followinginternational officials should be appointed by the IPC basedon recommendations from the WPA Sports TechnicalCommittee;b) WPA Technical Delegate(s);c) WPA International Technical Officials;d) Medical Delegate;e) Doping Control Delegate;f) Chief Classifier;g) International Classifiers;h) International Starteri) International Photo Finish Judge;j) Jury of Appeal.

Rationale
To clarify that during theGames the IFs define their own
venue specific medical needs
through their IF medical
guidelines/rules.

To reflect the updated title ofthe document.

1. Appointment of Officials for IPC the Paralympic Games
and
IPC
Competitions
WPA
Championships:a) At IPC the Paralympic Games and IPC Competitions
WPA Championships the following international officials
should be appointed by the IPC (for the Paralympic Games)
and WPA (for WPA Championships) based onrecommendations from the WPA. Sports TechnicalCommittee;a) WPA Technical Delegate(s);b) WPA International Technical Officials;c) Medical Delegate;d) Doping Control Delegate;e) Chief Classifier;f) International Classifiers;g) International Starterh) International Photo Finish Judge;i) Jury of Appeal.

Aligned with the steps towards
the transfer of governance andto correct typographical error.

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Rule

2.2

ActionAmend

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Rule 2: Description of Officials and Their Duties

Rule 2: Description of Officials and Their Duties

2.2 Medical Delegate

2.2 Medical Delegate

The Medical Delegate shall:

The Medical Delegate shall:a)a) Have ultimate authority on all medical matters. They
shall be given full access to the available medical
information and communicate with the LOC chief medical
officer.

Have ultimate authority on all medical matters.

b) Ensure that adequate facilities for medical examination,
treatment and emergency care will be available at thevenue(s) of the competition, training and Warm-up Areasand that medical attention can be provided where athletes
are accommodated and for provision of and compliancewith the requirements of Rule 7.1.

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2.8

2.9

Rationale

To clarify the scope of accessto medical information.

b) Ensure that adequate facilities for medical examination,
treatment and emergency care will be available at thevenue(s) of the competition, training and Warm-up Areasand that medical attention can be provided where athletes
are accommodated and for provision of and compliancewith the requirements of Rule 7.1.

Amend
(Delete)

2.8 Officials of the Competition

2.8 Officials of the Competition[…]
COMMENT:[…]
Referees and competition officials at athletics events have
many important functions, but none is more important
than their roles in ensuring the safety of all concerned.

[…]
COMMENT:[…]
Referees and cCompetition officials at athletics events
have many important functions, but none is more
important than their roles in ensuring the safety of allconcerned.

Amend(Deleteand add)

2.9 Competition Director

2.9 Competition Director

The Competition Director shall plan and implement thetechnical organisation of a competition in cooperation with
the Technical Delegate(s).
He shall direct the interaction between the participants inthe competition and, through the communication system,
shall be in contact with all the officials.

The Competition Director shall plan and implement thetechnical organisation of a competition in cooperation with
the Technical Delegate(s).
He shall direct the interaction between the participants inthe competition and, through the communication system,
shall be in contact with all the officials.
The Competition Director shall, where applicable with theTechnical, and other relevant, Delegate(s):1. plan the technical organisation of a competition,
including the integration of Event Presentation and Victory
Ceremonies;

Aligned with the December
2023 World Athletics Approved
Amendments.

Aligned with the August 2023
World Athletics Approved
Amendments.

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2. ensure that this plan is executed before and during thecompetition;
3. ensure that any technical problems are resolved or analternate solution put in place;
4. direct the interaction between the participants in thecompetition; and5. through the communication system, be in contact withall key officials and other relevant stakeholders involved in
the delivery and broadcast of the competition;
6. engage fully with the Event Presentation Manager toensure compliance with Rule 2.12;
7. ensure the accurate preparation and publication of theCall Room schedule in accordance with Rule 2.24;
8. communicate with the Start Coordinator to ensure theefficient operation of Rule 2.17.1(a);9. be fully aware of the applicable regulations for thecompetition and the functioning of the planned
technological and IT systems; and10. manage any matters arising under Rule 8.5.
COMMENT: During the competition, to ensure an efficient
operation, the Competition Director should be located with
an optimal view of the competition area, close to the Event
Presentation team and with satisfactory and reliableavailability of technological connections and supporting
monitors.
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2.13

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(Deleteand add)

2.13 Referees

2.13 Referees

3. The appropriate Referee shall check all final results, shalldeal with any disputed points and, in conjunction with the
Measurement Judge (Scientific) where appointed, shallsupervise the measurements of Record performances. At
the conclusion of each event, the result card shall becompleted immediately, signed by the appropriate Refereeand handed to the Competition Secretary.
[…]

3. The appropriate Referee shall check all final results, shalldeal with any disputed points and, in conjunction with the
Measurement Judge (Scientific) where appointed, shallsupervise the measurements of Record performances. At
the conclusion of each round of an event, the result cardshall be completed immediately, signed (or otherwise
approved) by the appropriate Referee or the Chief Photo
Finish Judge and handed to the Competition Secretary.
[…]

5. A Referee shall have authority to warn or exclude fromcompetition, any athlete or relay team guilty of acting inan unsporting or improper manner or under Rules 6, 7,
17.5, 18.17, 18.18, 24.2, 24.5, 24.19 or 49.8(h)). In case of

5. A Referee shall have authority to warn or exclude fromcompetition, any athlete or relay team in accordance with
Rule 8.1. guilty of acting in an unsporting or improper

Aligned with the August 2023
World Athletics Approved
Amendments.

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Amended Text (Red)a disciplinary matter, the Call Room Referee has authority
starting from the Warm-up Area up to the competitionarea. In all other instances, the Referee applicable to theevent in which the athlete is or was competing, shall haveauthority.

manner or under Rules 6, 7, 17.5, 18.17, 18.18, 24.2, 24.5,
24.19 or 49.8(h)). In case of a disciplinary matter, the Call
Room Referee has authority starting from the Warm-up
Area up to the competition area. In all other instances, theReferee applicable to the event in which the athlete is or
was competing, shall have authority.

The applicable Referee (where practicable after consulting
the Competition Director) may warn or remove any otherperson from the competition area (or other area related tothe competition including the Warm-up Area, Call Roomand coaches seating) who is acting in an unsporting or
improper manner or who is providing assistance toathletes that is not permitted by the Rules. Warnings may
be indicated to the athlete by showing a yellow card,
exclusion by showing a red card. Warnings and exclusions
shall be entered on the result card. Those warnings andexclusions decided by a Referee shall be communicated to
the Competition Secretary and to the other Referees.
Note (i): The Referee may, where the circumstances justify
it; exclude an athlete or relay team without a warning
having been given (See also Note to Rule 7.2);
Note (ii): When excluding an athlete or relay team fromcompetition under this Rule, if the Referee is aware that ayellow card has already been given, should show a second
yellow card followed immediately by a red card.
Note (iii): If a yellow card is given and the Referee is notaware that there is a previous yellow card, it shall, once
this is known, have the same consequence as if it wasgiven in association with a red card. The relevant Referee
shall take immediate action to advise the athlete or relay
team or his/its team of his/its exclusion.
COMMENT: Six key points are made to provide guidanceand clarity in relation to the way in which cards are shown
and recorded:(1) Yellow and red cards can be given either for disciplinary
reasons (refer mostly to Rule 2.13.5 and Rule 8.2) or fortechnical infringements in case they are serious enough to

The applicable Referee (where practicable after consulting
the Competition Director) may warn or remove any otherperson from the competition area (or other area related tothe competition including the Warm-up Area, Call Roomand coaches seating) who is acting in an unsporting or
improper manner or who is providing assistance toathletes that is not permitted by the Rules. Warnings may
be indicated to the athlete by showing a yellow card,
exclusion by showing a red card. Warnings
and exclusions shall be entered on the result card. Thosewarnings and exclusions decided by a Referee shall be
communicated to the Competition Secretary and to theother Referees.
Note (i): The Referee may, where the circumstances justify
it; exclude an athlete or relay team without a warning
having been given (See also Note to Rule 7.2);
Note (ii): When excluding an athlete or relay team fromcompetition under this Rule, if the Referee is aware that ayellow card has already been given, should show a second
yellow card followed immediately by a red card.
Note (iii): If a yellow card is given and the Referee is notaware that there is a previous yellow card, it shall, once
this is known, have the same consequence as if it wasgiven in association with a red card. The relevant Referee
shall take immediate action to advise the athlete or relay
team or his/its team of his/its exclusion.
COMMENT: Six key points are made to provide guidanceand clarity in relation to the way in which cards are shown
and recorded:(1) Yellow and red cards can be given either for disciplinary

Rationale

Relevant text removed from
Rule 2.13.5. and brought under
WPA Rule 8.1.

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Rule

ActionCurrent

Amended Text (Red)be considered unsporting manners (e.g. a serious and clear
deliberate obstruction in a race).

reasons (refer mostly to Rule 2.13.5 and Rule 8.2) or fortechnical infringements in case they are serious enough to
be considered unsporting manners (e.g. a serious and clear
deliberate obstruction in a race).

(2) Whilst it is normal and usually expected that a yellow
card would have been given before a red card, it isenvisaged that in the cases of particularly bad unsportingor improper behaviour a red card can be given
immediately. It should be noted that the athlete has in any
case the opportunity to appeal such a decision to the Juryof Appeal.
(3) There will be also some cases in which it is not practicalor even logical for a yellow card tohave been issued. For example, the note to Rule 7.2
specifically allows for an immediate red card if justified incases covered by Rule 7.3 (a) such as pacing in races.
(4) A similar situation might also follow when a Refereeissues a yellow card and the athlete responds in such an
inappropriate manner that it is justified to then
immediately give a red card. It is not essential for there to
be two completely different and distinct in time instancesof inappropriate behaviour.
(5) As per Note (iii), in cases where a Referee is aware thatthe athlete in question has already received a yellow cardduring the competition and he proposes to issue a red
card, the Referee
should first show a second yellow card and then the red
card. However, if a Referee does not show the second
yellow card, it will not invalidate the issuing of the red
card.

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2.18.1

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(Add)

Rationale(2) Whilst it is normal and usually expected that a yellow
card would have been given before a red card, it isenvisaged that in the cases of particularly bad unsportingor improper behaviour a red card can be given
immediately. It should be noted that the athlete has in any
case the opportunity to appeal such a decision to the Juryof Appeal.
(3) There will be also some cases in which it is not practicalor even logical for a yellow card tohave been issued. For example, the note to Rule 7.2
specifically allows for an immediate red card if justified incases covered by Rule 7.3 (a) such as pacing in races.
(4) A similar situation might also follow when a Refereeissues a yellow card and the athlete responds in such an
inappropriate manner that it is justified to then
immediately give a red card. It is not essential for there to
be two completely different and distinct in time instancesof inappropriate behaviour.
(5) As per Note (iii), in cases where a Referee is aware thatthe athlete in question has already received a yellow cardduring the competition and he proposes to issue a red
card, the Referee
should first show a second yellow card and then the red
card. However, if a Referee does not show the second
yellow card, it will not invalidate the issuing of the red
card.

2.18 Starter’s Assistants

2.18 Starter’s Assistants

1. The Starter’s Assistants shall check that the athletes arecompeting in the correct heat or race and that their
number bibs are worn correctly.

1. The Starter’s Assistants shall check that the athletes arecompeting in the correct heat or race and that their
number bibs are worn correctly and, where applicable,
other equipment is worn and used correctly.

Clarify the additional duties of
the Starter's Assistants in ParaAthletics.

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Rationale51

2.20.3

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2.20 Competition Secretary, Technical Information Centre(TIC)

2.20 Competition Secretary, Technical Information Centre(TIC)

3. The following standard abbreviations should be used in
the preparation of start lists and results where applicable:…

3. The following standard abbreviations should be used in
the preparation of start lists and results where applicable:…

Aligned with the August 2023
World Athletics Approved
Amendments.

Lane infringement (Rules 18.6.(c) and 18.6.(d)) – L

Advanced to next round by draw qD
Lane infringement (Rules 18.6.(c) 18.5.(c) and 18.6.(d)18.5.(d)) – L

51

2.20.3

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(Add)

3. The following standard abbreviations should be used in
the preparation of start lists and results where applicable:[…]

3. The following standard abbreviations should be used in
the preparation of start lists and results where applicable:[…]
Competing under protest – P

Aligned with the December
2023 World Athletics Approved
Amendments.

51

2.20.4

Amend
(Add)

4. A Technical Information Centre (TIC) will be established
for WPA Recognised Competitions (see Part B - 3.1.2) andis recommended for other competitions held over morethan one day. The main function of the TIC is to ensuresmooth communication between each team delegation,
the LOC, the Technical Delegates and the competition
administration regarding technical and other mattersrelating to the competition.

4. A Technical Information Centre (TIC) will be established
for WPA Recognised Competitions (see Part B - 3.1.2) andis recommended for other competitions held over morethan one day. It may be a virtual or physical operation, or a
combination of both. The main function of the TIC is toensure smooth communication between each teamdelegation, the LOC, the Technical Delegates and thecompetition administration regarding technical and othermatters relating to the competition.

Aligned with the August 2023
World Athletics Approved
Amendments.

COMMENT: An effectively managed Technical Information
Centre will significantly assist in thedelivery of a high quality competition organisation. The TIC
Manager should have excellent knowledge of the Rules
and equally importantly of the specific Regulations for theparticular competition. The hours of operation of the TIC
should reflect the hours of the competition plus someperiods of time before and after when there will need to beinteraction between the various parties, particularly
between the team delegations and the LOC. It is common,
although not essential, for larger events to have“branches” of the TIC (sometimes called Sport Information
desks) in the main athlete accommodation locations. If thisis the case, there must be excellent communication
between the SID(s) and the TIC. Because the hours ofoperation of the TIC and SID(s) may be long, it will be

COMMENT: An effectively managed Technical Information
Centre will significantly assist in thedelivery of a high quality competition organisation. The TIC
Manager should have excellent knowledge of the Rules
and equally importantly of the specific Regulations for theparticular competition. The hours of operation of the TIC
should reflect the hours of the competition plus someperiods of time before and after when there will need to beinteraction between the various parties, particularly
between the team delegations and the LOC. It is common,
although not essential, for larger events to have“branches” of the TIC (sometimes called Sport Information
desks) in the main athlete accommodation locations. If thisis the case, there must be excellent communication
between the SID(s) and the TIC. Because the hours of

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Rule

2.24

5.2

Action

Amend
(Add)

Amend
(Deleteand add)

Current

Amended Text (Red)necessary for the TIC Manager to have several assistants
and for them to work in shifts. Whilst some duties of the
TIC are covered in the Competition Rules (see for example
Rules 2.20, 50.3 and Rule 50.7), others will be set out in theRegulations for each competition and in competition
documents such as team handbooks etc.

operation of the TIC and SID(s) may be long, it will benecessary for the TIC Manager to have several assistants
and for them to work in shifts. Where a virtual TIC is fullyor partially in operation, the hours of operation may moreeasily be extended, but it is important to make clear thehours during which the virtual operation will be monitored.
Whilst some duties of the TIC are covered in theCompetition Rules (see for example Rules 2.20, 50.3 andRule 50.7), others will be set out in the Regulations foreach competition and in competition documents such asteam handbooks etc.

2.24 Call Room Judges

2.24 Call Room Judges

COMMENT: A well planned, and efficiently managed Call
Room is fundamental to the success of a competition.
Planning to ensure sufficient space at the point when theCall Room will be at its fullest capacity, how many Call
Rooms (and sections within each) are required and a
reliable communication system with the other Officials andto notify the athletes when to report from the Warm-up
Area are constants. It is important that in the planning
process it is determined which checks will be made andpreferably these should be communicated to the athletes
and teams in advance to avoid stress or confusion
immediately before competition. Most important of all isthat the Call Room Judges ensure the athletes are in thecorrect heat, race or group and that they leave for thecompetition area in a timely manner in accordance with
the Call Room schedule. Ideally the Call Room schedule,
indicating such key times as entry to and departure fromthe Call Room and arrival at the event site, as well as thestart time of the event.

COMMENT: A well planned, and efficiently managed Call
Room is fundamental to the success of a competition.
Planning to ensure sufficient space at the point when theCall Room will be at its fullest capacity, how many Call
Rooms (and sections within each) are required and a
reliable communication system with the other Officials andto notify the athletes when to report from the Warm-up
Area are constants. It is important that in the planning
process it is determined which checks will be made andpreferably these should be communicated to the athletes
and teams in advance to avoid stress or confusion
immediately before competition. Most important of all isthat the Call Room Judges ensure the athletes are in thecorrect heat, race or group and that they leave for thecompetition area in a timely manner in accordance with
the Call Room schedule. Ideally the Call Room schedule,
indicating such key times as entry to and departure fromthe Call Room and arrival at the event site, as well as thestart time of the event will be published in advance of thecompetition and an accurate clock showing the correcttime will be situated outside the Call Room.

Rule 5: Entries

Rule 5: Entries

Simultaneous Entries

Simultaneous Entries

2. If an athlete is entered in both a Track Event and a Field
Event, or in more than one Field Event taking place
simultaneously, the appropriate Referee may, for one

2. If an athlete is entered in both a Track Event and a Field
Event, or in more than one Field Event taking place
simultaneously, the appropriate Referee may, for one

Rationale

To highlight Call Room bestpractice.

Aligned with the 22 May 2023
World Athletics Approved
Amendments

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Rule

5.2

5.3

ActionCurrent

Amended Text (Red)round of trials at a time, or for each trial in the High Jump,
allow an athlete to take his trial in an order different fromthat decided upon by the draw prior to the start of thecompetition. However, if an athlete subsequently is notpresent for any trial, it shall be deemed that he is passing
once the period allowed for the trial has elapsed.

round of trials at a time, or for each trial in the High Jump,
allow an athlete to take his their trial in an order different
from that decided upon by the draw prior to the start ofthe competition. the start list (or as determined inaccordance with Rule 24.6.(a)). However, if an athlete
subsequently is not present for any that particular trial, it
shall be deemed that he is passing once the period allowed
for the trial has elapsed. As this possibility exists only forthat particular round / trial allowed by the Referee, if theathlete is then not present for a subsequent round / trial,
when their competing order will be again according to thestart list (or as determined in accordance with Rule24.6.(a)), it will be counted as a failure once the period
allowed for the trial has elapsed.

Amend(Deleteand add)

Simultaneous Entries

Simultaneous Entries[…]
COMMENT:[…]
If an athlete is not present in the final round and has notpreviously indicated that he will pass, then the timeallowed for his trial will run and if he does not return
before it expires, then he will be recorded as passing.

[…]
COMMENT:[…]
If an athlete is not present in the final round and has notpreviously indicated that he will pass, then the timeallowed for his trial will run and if he does not return
before it expires, then he will be recorded as passing a
failure.

Amend(Deleteand add)

Re-entry after Changes in Sport Class

Re-entry after Changes in Sport Class

3. […]

3. […]COMMENT: The following criteria should be consideredwhen determining re-entry after changes in Sport Class:
The minimum eligibility criteria for the newly allocatedsport class have been met;
The event(s) is/are offered in the newly allocated sportclass;The maximum entries per team have not been reached;
The competition of the concerned event(s) has not started;
The competition schedule is not affected.

COMMENT: The following criteria should be consideredwhen determining re-entry after changes in Sport Class:
The minimum eligibility criteria Minimum Entry Standard
for the newly allocated sport class have been met;
The event(s) is/are offered in the newly allocated sportclass;The maximum entries per team have not been reached;
The competition of the concerned event(s) has not started;
The competition schedule is not affected.

Rationale

Aligned with the December
2023 World Athletics Approved
Amendments.

To reflect correct terminology.

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5.4

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(Deleteand add)

63

5.5

Amend
(deleteand add)

Current

Amended Text (Red)

Failure to Participate

Failure to Participate

4. […]

4. […]COMMENT: The relevant Referee, once aware of such asituation and is satisfied that the athlete who abandoned
the race was not competing with a bona fide effort, must
make a reference to this in the relevant results as “DNF
Rule 5.4.(c)”. Either in the process of the Referee making
such a decision or the Jury of the Appeal considering any
protest arising from it reasons for the withdrawal or nonparticipation proposed by or on behalf of the athlete canbe considered. The Rule sets out the process that should
explicitly be followed in the case of a medical reason

COMMENT: If Tthe relevant Referee, once aware of such asituation and is satisfied that the an athlete whoabandoned the a race was not competing with a bona fide
effort, they must make a reference to this in the relevant
results as “DNF Rule 5.4.(c)”. Either in the process of theReferee Technical Delegate(s) making such a decision or
the Jury of the Appeal considering any protest arising fromit reasons for the withdrawal or non-participation
proposed by or on behalf of the athlete can be considered.
If the appropriate Referee is in any doubt that an athlete
and/or guide-runner has made a bona fide effort in a specific
event, available video evidence shall be considered. If theavailable video evidence is conclusive, then the athlete shallbe disqualified in accordance with Rule 8.1 and will not be
permitted to take part in any further events in that
Competition.

Failure to Report to the Call Room(s)Failure to Report to the Call Room(s)5. Except as provided below, an athlete shall be excluded
from participation in any event in which he is not present
in the Call Room(s) at the relevant time as published in theCall Room schedule. He shall be shown in the results as
DNS. The relevant Referee will decide on this (including
whether the athlete may compete under protest if adecision cannot be made immediately) and thecorresponding reference must be made in the official
results.
Justifiable reasons (e.g. factors independent of theathlete’s own actions, such as problems with the officialtransport system or an error in the published Call Roomschedule) may, after confirmation, be accepted by the
Referee and the athlete may then be allowed to takepart.

5.5.1. It is each athlete's responsibility to ensure that they
are present in the Call Room(s) on time. Except as provided
in this Rule, an athlete shall be excluded from participationin any event in which they are not present in the Call
Room(s) at the relevant time as published in the Call Roomschedule.
5.5.2 The relevant Referee shall determine if the athlete
was present in the Call Room(s) on time, and if not,whether there was a justifiable reason for the athlete notbeing present on time. For this purpose, the following
justifiable reasons may be considered by the Referee if theathlete can provide evidence that this led to them notbeing present on time:
1. Problems with the official transport system;
2. Error(s) in the published Call Room Schedule;

Rationale

To add clarity.

Aligned with the December
2023 World Athletics Approved
Amendments.

Relevant comment moved
from Rule 7.8 and brought
under the comment in Rule 5.4
as it relates solely to bona fide
effort.

Redrafted to add clarity and toensurethecorrect
interpretation of the rule.

Page

Rule

ActionCurrent

Amended Text (Red)COMMENT: As the rule states, the athlete must be present
in the Call Room(s) at the appropriate time. This does notmean standing outside the Call Room. The TechnicalRegulations for the Competition will outline the Call Roomprocedures which must be followed. The Relevant Referee
shall decide if the athlete has attended the Call Room(s) ontime or if there is a Justifiable reason for not being present
on time. The Referee may allow an athlete to compete
under protest if a decision cannot be made immediately.
It is important to note that if the athlete has been listed as"DNS" on the results sheet, he shall be excluded from all
further events of the competition (save where the “DNS” isas a result of Rule 6.16).

3. Illness or injury, for which a medical certificate must be
provided as evidence and signed by the Medical Delegate.

Rationale

5.5.3 The relevant Referee may, at their discretion, allow
the athlete to compete in the event under protest if adecision cannot be made immediately in respect of 5.5.2.
5.5.4 If the Referee determines that the athlete waspresent in the Call Room(s) on time or had a justifiablereason for not being present on time, they shall bepermitted to compete in the event.
5.5.5 If the Referee determines that the athlete was notpresent in the Call Room(s) on time and had no justifiablereason for not being present on time, the athlete shall belisted as “DNS”, and a corresponding reference shall bemade in the official results.
5.5.6 At Paralympic Games, WPA Championships and WPA
Sanctioned Competitions, if the athlete is listed as "DNS" asa result of this Rule, they shall also be excluded from all
further events in which they are entered at that
Competition.
COMMENT: As the rule states, the athlete must be present
in the Call Room(s) at the appropriate time, as determinedby the relevant Referee. Being present in the Call Roomdoes not mean standing outside the Call Room. The
technical regulations for the Competition may outline any
Call Room procedures which must be followed.
For the avoidance of doubt, a “DNS” designation as aresult of this Rule shall not affect any results obtained by
the athlete at the same Competition in events prior to theevent in which they received the “DNS” designation.

Rule 6: Clothing, Shoes, Athlete Bibs, …
64

6.1.2

Amend

Rule 6: Clothing, Shoes, Athlete Bibs, …

6.1 Clothing[…]

6.1 Clothing[…]

6.1.2 Any athlete who removes an article of clothing

6.1.2 Any athlete who removes an article of clothing

Aligned with the August 2023
World Athletics Approved
Amendments.

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69

Rule

6.4

6.8.1

Action

Amend
(add)

Amend
(Deleteand add)

Current

Amended Text (Red)inappropriately, such as taking off his top after the finish ofan event to expose his torso, shall, for a first offence in that
Competition, be warned by the Referee in accordance with
Rule 2.13.5. For a second offence in that Competition, theReferee shall disqualify the athlete in accordance with Rule2.13.5.

inappropriately, such as taking off his top after the finish ofan event to expose his torso, shall, for a first offence in that
Competition, be warned by the Referee in accordance with
Rule 2.13.5 8.1. For a second offence in that Competition,
the Referee shall disqualify the athlete in accordance with
Rule 2.13.5 8.1.

6.4 Shoes - Dimensions of Spikes

6.4 Shoes - Dimensions of Spikes

That part of each spike which projects from the sole or theheel shall not exceed 9mm except in the High Jump andJavelin Throw, where it shall not exceed 12mm. The spikemust be so constructed that it will, at least for the half of
its length closest to the tip, fit through a square sided 4mm
gauge. If the track manufacturer or the stadium operator
mandates a lesser maximum, or prohibits the use ofcertain shaped spikes, this shall be applied and the athletes
notified accordingly.

That part of each spike which projects from the sole or theheel shall not exceed 9mm except in the High Jump andJavelin Throw, where it shall not exceed 12mm. The spikemust be so constructed that it will, at least for the half of
its length closest to the tip, fit through a square sided 4mm
gauge. If the track manufacturer or the stadium operator
mandates a lesser maximum, or prohibits the use ofcertain shaped spikes, this shall be applied and the athletes
notified accordingly.

Note: The surface must be suitable for accepting the spikes
permitted under this rule.

Note: The surface must be suitable for accepting the
spikes permitted under this rule.

COMMENT: The revised spike length requirement would
normally be outlined in the Team Manual or technicalrequirements for the competition.

6.8 Athlete Bibs

COMMENT: The revised spike length requirement would
normally be outlined in the Team Manual or technicalrequirements for the competition and athletes should beaware that due to modern track construction, themaximum spike length is likely to be shorter than the
maximum permitted by these rules.
6.8 Athlete Bibs

6.8.1. Every athlete shall be provided with two bibs, which
during the competition, shall be worn visibly on the breast,
back and/or on his competition equipment (i.e., racing
chairs, running frames and throwing frames), as set out inthe table below. Either the athletes' names or othersuitable identification will be allowed instead of numbers
on any or all of the bibs. If numbers are used, they shallcorrespond with the number allocated to the athlete on
the start list or in the programme. If track suits are worn
during the competition, bibs shall be worn on the track suitin a similar manner.

6.8.1. Every athlete shall be provided with two bibs, which
during the competition, shall be worn visibly on the breast,
back and/or on his their competition equipment (i.e.,
racing chairs, rRunning frames and throwing frames), as
set out in the table below. Either the athletes' names orother suitable identification will be allowed instead ofnumbers on any or all of the bibs. If numbers numerals areused, they shall correspond with the number allocated tothe athlete on the start list or in the programme. If track
suits are worn during the competition, bibs shall be wornon the track suit in a similar manner.

Rationale

To clarify that, whilst the
maximumspikelengthpermitted by the rules is 9mm,
on modern tracks, 6mm or
7mm are more likely to be thepermitted maximum.
The
special needs to be borne inmind by athletes at major
championships.

To add clarity.

The amended version of the
Bib allocation table reflects the

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Rule

6.8.2

72-73 6.12.3.b

ActionAmend(Delete)
Amend(Deleteand add)

Current

Amended Text (Red)Bib allocation table[…]

Bib Allocation Table[insert amended Bib allocation table from Appendix 1.]

6.8.2 One of the bibs shall be visibly displayed on the backof the racing chair and the throwing frame and on the sideof the Running frame in accordance with the bib allocationtable above.
6.12 Prostheses

6.8.2 One of tThe bibs shall be visibly displayed on the backof the racing chair and the throwing frame and on the sideof the Running frame in accordance with the bib allocationtable above.
6.12 Prostheses

6.12.1[…]b) In Field Events, athletes in Sports Classes T/F61-64, theuse of lower limb prosthetic device(s) is optional. Prior to
the start of the Event, the athlete shall notify the relevant
Official of his intention. If an athlete decides to competewith the prosthetic device(s), he shall complete all trials
from start to finish with such device(s). If the athlete does
not, such trial(s) shall be considered a failure.
COMMENT: In the case that the athlete decides to use thelower limb prosthetic device(s) (i.e., in High Jump or Long
Jump), the relevant Official shall ensure that Rule 25.7 andRule 27.14 are observed.
[…]

6.12.1[…]b) In Field Events, athletes in Sports Classes T/F61-64, shallcompete with the use of lower limb prosthetic device(s) is
optional. Prior to the start of the Event, the athlete shallnotify the relevant Official of his intention. If an athlete
decides to compete with the prosthetic device(s), he They
shall complete all trials from start to finish with suchdevice(s). If the athlete does not, such trial(s) shall beconsidered a failure.
COMMENT: In the case that the athlete decides to use thelower limb prosthetic device(s) (i.e., in High Jump or Long
Jump), the relevant Official shall ensure that Rule 25.7 andRule 27.14 are observed.
[…]

6.12.3a)… Once the race starts, athletes running with upper limb
prosthetic device(s) must reach the leading edge of thefinish line with such device(s).

6.12.3a)… Once the race starts, athletes running with upper limb
prosthetic device(s) must reach the leading nearer edge ofthe finish line with such device(s).

[…]b) In Field Events, athletes in Sport ClassesT45-47 and F4546, the use of upper limb prosthetic device(s) is optional.
Prior to the start of the Event, the athlete shall notify therelevant Official of his intention. If an athlete decides tocompete with the prosthetic device(s), he shall complete alltrials from start to finish with such device(s). If the athlete
does not, such trial(s) shall be considered a failure.

[…]b) In Field Events, athletes in Sport Classes T45-47 and F4546, the use of upper limb prosthetic device(s) is optional.
Prior to the start of each round of the Event, the athlete
shall notify the relevant Official of his their intention. If an
athlete decides to compete with the prosthetic device(s),he they shall complete all trials from start to finish withsuch device(s). If the athlete does not, such trial(s) shall beconsidered a failure.
COMMENT: The phrase “round of trials” instead of“rounds” is designed to ensure a clear difference between
a “round of trials” within a Field Event competition and a

Rationalecurrent practice.

To add clarity.

for consistency with the WPAClassification
Rules
and
Regulations (regarding sports
class allocation).

Aligned with the December
2023 World Athletics Approved
Amendments.

To add clarity.

Page

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ActionCurrent

Amended Text (Red)74

6.14.3Amend

6.14.3 … any athlete who removes his eye patches and/or
eye mask/opaque glasses before the end of the event or
before retiring from an event shall, for a first offence, bewarned by the Referee in accordance with Rule 2.13.5. For
a second offence in that Competition, the Referee shalldisqualify the athlete in accordance with Rule 2.13.5.

“round of the competition” (i.e., a Qualification Round or a
final).
6.14.3 … any athlete who removes his eye patches and/or
eye mask/opaque glasses before the end of the event or
before retiring from an event shall, for a first offence, bewarned by the Referee in accordance with Rule 2.13.5 8.1.
For a second offence in that Competition, the Referee shalldisqualify the athlete in accordance with Rule 2.13.5 8.1.

75

6.15.4

Amend(Deleteand add)

6.15 Tether

6.15 Tether

[…]

[…]

6.15.4 The tether shall be made from non-elastic materialand shall not store energy and/or offer a performance gain
to an athlete. It shall consist of two closed holding loops
and a middle section with two fixed spherical stoppers at
each end.
6.16 Non-compliance on equipment

6.15.4 The tether shall be made from non-elastic materialand shall not store energy and/or offer a performance gain
to an athlete. It shall consist of two closed holding loops
and a middle section with two a fixed spherical stoppers of
1cm length at each end.
6.16 Non-compliance on equipment

6.16.2 If the athlete is able to make the necessary
adjustments to ensure compliance with the rules or is able
to obtain the missing equipment (e.g. borrowing a tether
from the LOC), prior to the scheduled exit from the CallRoom, he shall be permitted to compete. No event shall bedelayed while an athlete makes adjustments to theirequipment.

6.16.2 If the athlete is able to make the necessary
adjustments to ensure compliance with the rules or is able
to obtain the missing equipment (e.g. borrowing a tether
from the LOC), prior to the scheduled exit from the CallRoom, he they shall be permitted to compete., but theyellow card awarded will stand. No event shall be delayed
while an athlete makes adjustments to their equipment.

77

77

6.16.2

6.17

Amend
(Add)

Amend
(Add)

6.17 Helmets
Helmets for Sport Classes T31-34, T51-54.
6.17.1 The wearing of helmets is compulsory in all track
and road wheelchair races and Frame Running races. The
helmet shall be a hard-protective shell that has arecognised international safety standard e.g.: Snell b84/90/95, BSI 6863, EN 1078.

78

6.17.3Amend

6.17.3 ... Any athlete who removes their helmet during thistime, shall, for a first offence in that Competition, bewarned by the Referee in accordance with Rule 2.13.5. For
a second offence in that Competition, the Referee shall

Rationale

Aligned with the August 2023
World Athletics Approved
Amendments.

To make clear that it is thelength of the stopper rather
than the shape that is
important.

To add clarity and to ensure
correct interpretation of therule.

6.17 Helmets
Helmets for Sport Classes T31-34, T51-54 and T71-72.
6.17.1 The wearing of helmets is compulsory in all track
and road wheelchair races and Frame Running races. The
helmet shall be a hard-protective shell that has arecognised international safety standard e.g.: Snell b84/90/95, BSI 6863, EN 1078.

To reflect sports classes T71
and T72.

6.17.3 ... Any athlete who removes their helmet during thistime, shall, for a first offence in that Competition, bewarned by the Referee in accordance with Rule 2.13.5 8.1.
For a second offence in that Competition, the Referee shall

Aligned with the August 2023
World Athletics Approved
Amendments.

Page

Rule

ActionCurrent
disqualify the athlete in accordance with Rule 2.13.5.
Rule 7: Assistance to Athletes

79

81

82

84

7.2

7.4(e)

7.8

7.13

Amend
(Add))

Amend
(Add)

Amend
(Delete)Amend

Medical Examinations and Assistance2. Any athlete giving or receiving assistance shall bewarned by the Referee and advised that, if there is any
repetition, he will be disqualified from that event. If an
athlete is subsequently disqualified from the event, any
performance accomplished up to that time in the sameround of that event shall not be considered valid. However,
performances accomplished in a previous round of thatevent shall be considered valid.

4. The following should not be considered assistance:…

Amended Text (Red)

Rationale

disqualify the athlete in accordance with Rule 2.13.5 8.1.
Rule 7: Assistance to Athletes
Medical Examinations and Assistance2. Any athlete giving or receiving assistance (including
under Rules 18.17, 18.18.(b), and 49.8.(h)) shall be warned
by the Referee and advised that, if there is any repetition,
he they will be disqualified from that event. If an athlete issubsequently disqualified from the event, any performanceaccomplished up to that time in the same round of thatevent shall not be considered valid. However,
performances accomplished in a previous round of thatevent shall be considered valid.
4. The following should not be considered assistance:…

Aligned with the 22 May 2023
World Athletics Approved
Amendments.

Aligned with the 22 May 2023
World Athletics Approved
Amendments.

e) Viewing by athletes competing in Field Events, of imagesof previous trial(s), recorded on their behalf by persons notplaced in the competition area (see Rule 7.1 Note). The
viewing device or images taken from it must not be taken
into the competition area.

e) Viewing by athletes competing in Field Events, of imagesof previous trial(s), recorded on their behalf by persons notplaced in the competition area (see Rule 7.1 Note). The
viewing device or images taken from it must not be taken
into the competition area. beyond the immediate area inwhich those providing the recording are placed. To ensure
a better view of the images, the athlete may hold thedevice whilst communicating with the persons who havetaken the images.

8. When a T11-12 athlete starts the event with a guiderunner, the athlete and guide-runner(s) must both finish
the event with bona fide effort in accord with these rules
for the performance to be recognised

8. When a T11-12 athlete starts the event with a guiderunner, the athlete and guide-runner(s) must both finish
the event with bona fide effort in accord with these rules
for the performance to be recognised

COMMENT: If the appropriate Referee is in any doubt thatan athlete and/or guide-runner have made a bona fide
effort in a specific event, available video evidence shall beconsidered. If the available video evidence is conclusive,then the athlete must be disqualified under Rule 8.2.

COMMENT: If the appropriate Referee is in any doubt thatan athlete and/or guide-runner have made a bona fide
effort in a specific event, available video evidence shall beconsidered. If the available video evidence is conclusive,then the athlete must be disqualified under Rule 8.2.

Relevant comment removed
from this section and brought
under the comment in Rule 5.4
as it relates solely to bona fide
effort.

13. Some athletes in Sports Classes T12, T20, T71-72

13. Some athletes in Sports Classes T12, T20, T71-72

To align with the Classification

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88

88

89

Rule

7.22

7.23

8

ActionCurrent

Amended Text (Red)(Deleteand add)(Frame Running), T35-38, T42-47 and T61-64 may require
their starting blocks to be set for them by the Starter’sAssistant. The Technical Delegate will provide theappropriate athletes and/or their team coach with adocument on which to show their requirements.

(Frame Running), T35-38, T4240-47 and T61-64 may
require their starting blocks to be set for them by theStarter’s Assistant. The Technical Delegate will provide theappropriate athletes and/or their team coach with adocument on which to show their requirements.

Hierarchy Table.

Amend(Deleteand add)

7.22 Some athletes in Sports Classes T/F20, T/F35-38 andT/F42-47 may require their runway markers to be at a preset distance from the take-off board.

7.22 Some athletes in Sports Classes T/F20, T/F35-38, and
T/F42-47 and T/F61-64 may require their runway markers
to be at a pre-set distance from the take-off board.

To correct typographical error
and include reference to SportClasses T/F61-64.

COMMENT: A request for information form is required tobe completed by a responsible NPC official to outline theirrequirements prior to assistance being granted by theTechnical Delegate. The Technical Delegate may approveassistance by the specified assistant of an athlete or, but
by a Field Judge. The determination will be made by theTechnical Delegate to ensure there are no more people on
the field of play than is absolutely necessary.

COMMENT: A request for information form is required tobe completed by a responsible NPC official to outline theirrequirements prior to assistance being granted by theTechnical Delegate. The Technical Delegate may approveassistance by the specified assistant of an athlete or, but
by a Field Judge. The determination will be made by theTechnical Delegate to ensure there are no more people on
the field of play than is absolutely necessary.

Guide Animals

Guide Animals

23. No guide animal shall be permitted in the competitionarea.

23. No guide animals shall be permitted shall be brought
into the competition area, including guide, medical
assistance, emotional support or any other animals subject
to special certification.

Replace

Amend(Deleteand add)

Rule 8: Effect of Disqualification

Rule 8: Effect of Warnings and Disqualification

Disqualification resulting from an infringement of aTechnical Rule (other than Rules 2.13.5
or 17.5)

Bona Fide Participation, Unsporting and Improper
Conduct

1. If an athlete is disqualified in an event for an
infringement of a Technical Rule (except under Rules 2.13.5
or 17.5) any performance accomplished in the same roundof that event up to the time of the disqualification shall not
be valid. However, performances accomplished in aprevious round of that event shall remain valid. Suchdisqualification from an event shall not prevent an athlete
from taking part in any further event in that competition.
Disqualification resulting from exclusion under Rule

1. Athletes and relay teams shall participate incompetitions in a bona fide manner and shall not engage
in unsporting or improper conduct. Any athlete or relay
team failing to comply with this Rule may be warned or
disqualified.
The applicable Referee shall have authority to warn or
exclude from competition, any athlete or relay team guiltyof acting in an unsporting or improper manner breaches ofthis Rule or under Rules 5.4, 6, 7, 17.5, 18.17, 18.18, 24.2,
24.5, 24.19 or 49.8(h)). Warnings may be indicated to the

Rationale

To clarify that no animals areto be brought into thecompetition area.

Aligned with the August 2023
World Athletics Approved
Amendments.

Relevant text removed from
Rule 2.13.5. and brought under
WPA Rule 8.1.

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ActionCurrent
2.13.5 (including under Rule 17.5)
2. If an athlete is excluded from competition under Rule2.13.5, he shall be disqualified from that event. If theathlete’s second warning occurs in a different event, heshall be disqualified only from the second event. Any
performance accomplished in the same round of that eventup to the time of the disqualification shall not be valid.
However, performances accomplished in a previous roundof that event or other previous events shall remain valid.
Such disqualification shall prevent an athlete from taking
part in all further events or rounds of events (including
other events in which they are simultaneously participating
and relays) in that competition.
3. If a relay team is excluded from competition under Rule2.13.5, it shall be disqualified from that event.
Performances accomplished in a previous round of thatevent shall remain valid. Such disqualification shall notprevent any athlete or relay from that team taking part inall further events, (including other events in which he issimultaneously participating and relays) in thatcompetition. Nothing shall prohibit the Referee taking
action against an individual in accordance with Rule 2.13.5
and also taking action against that athlete’s relay team inaccordance with the same Rule, in relation to the same ora linked incident.
4. If the offence is considered serious, the Competition
Director shall report it to WPA for
consideration of further disciplinary action.

Amended Text (Red)athlete by showing a yellow card, exclusion by showing a
red card. Warnings and exclusions shall be entered on the
result card and communicated to the Competition
Secretary and to the other Referees.
In respect of the application of this Rule 8, the Call Room
Referee has authority starting from the Warm-up Area up
to the competition area. In all other instances, the Referee
applicable to the event in which the athlete is or wascompeting, shall have authority.
The applicable Referee (where practicable after consulting
the Competition Director) may warn or remove any otherperson from the competition area (or other area related tothe competition including the Warm-up Area, Call Roomand coaches seating) who is acting in an unsporting or
improper manner or who is providing assistance toathletes that is not permitted by the Rules. Warnings may
be indicated to the athlete by showing a yellow card,
exclusion by showing a red card. Warnings and exclusions
shall be entered on the result card. Those warnings andexclusions decided by a Referee shall be communicated to
the Competition Secretary and to the other Referees.
Note (i): The Referee may, where the circumstances justify
it; exclude an athlete or relay team without a warning
having been given (See also Note to Rule 7.2).
Note (ii): When excluding an athlete or relay team fromcompetition under this Rule, if the Referee is aware that ayellow card has already been given, should show a second
yellow card followed immediately by a red card.
Note (iii): If a yellow card is given and the Referee is notaware that a previous yellow card was issued to that
athlete or relay team at the competition, it shall, once thisis known, have the same consequence as if it was a red
card. The relevant Referee shall take immediate action toadvise the athlete or relay team or their team of their
exclusion.
COMMENT: The below Six key points are made to provide

Rationale

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ActionCurrent

Amended Text (Red)

Rationaleguidance and clarity in relation to the way in which cards
are shown and recorded:(1) Yellow and red cards can be given either for disciplinary
reasons (refer mostly to Rule 2.13.5 and Rule 8.2 this Rule)or for certain technical infringements that are disciplinary
in nature. in case they are serious enough to be consideredunsporting manners (e.g. a serious and clear deliberate
obstruction in a race).
(2) Whilst it is normal and usually expected that a yellow
card would have been given before a red card, it isenvisaged that in the cases of particularly bad unsportingor improper behaviour or failing to participate in a bonafide manner, a red card can be given immediately. It should
be noted that the athlete has in any case the opportunity
to appeal such a decision to the Jury of Appeal.
(3) There will be also some cases in which it is not practicalor logical for a yellow card to have been issued. For
example, the Note to Rule 7.2 specifically allows for an
immediate red card if justified in cases covered by Rule7.3(a) such as pacing in races.
(4) A similar situation might also follow when a Refereeissues a yellow card and the athlete or relay team responds
in such an inappropriate manner that it is justified to then
immediately give a red card. It is not essential for there to
be two completely different and distinct in time instancesof inappropriate behaviour.
(5) As per Note (iii), in cases where a Referee is aware thatthe athlete or relay team in question has already received
a yellow card during the competition and he proposes toissue a red card, the Referee should first show a second
yellow card and then the red card. However, if a Referee
does not show the second yellow card, it will not invalidate
the issuing of the red card.
(6) In cases where a Referee is not aware of a pre-existingyellow card, and they show only a yellow card, once thisbecomes known, the appropriate steps should be taken to

Relevant Comment removed
from Rule 2.13.5. and brought
under WPA Rule 8.1.

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ActionCurrent

Amended Text (Red)disqualify the athlete as soon as possible. Normally, thiswould be done by the Referee advising the athlete directlyor through their team.
(7) In cases of relay events, cards received by one or moremembers of the team during any round of the event shallcount against the team. Therefore, if one athlete receives
two cards or two different athletes receive a yellow card inany round of the particular event, the team shall be
regarded as having received a red card and shall bedisqualified.
Disqualification resulting from an infringement of aTechnical Rule (other than Rules 2.13.5 or 17.5 8.1)
1.2 If an athlete is disqualified in an event for an
infringement of a Technical Rule (except under Rules 2.13.5
or 17.5 8.1) any performance accomplished in the sameround of that event up to the time of the disqualification
shall not be valid. However, performances accomplished ina previous round of that event or other previous events
shall remain valid. Such disqualification from an event shallnot prevent an athlete from taking part in any further
event in that competition.
Disqualification resulting from exclusion under Rule2.13.5 (including under Rule 17.5 8.1)
2.3 If an athlete is excluded from competition under Rule2.13.5 8.1, he shall be disqualified from that event. If theathlete’s second warning occurs in a different event, heshall be disqualified only from the second event. Any
performance accomplished in the same round of that eventup to the time of the disqualification shall not be valid.
However, performances accomplished in a previous roundof that event or other previous events shall remain valid.
Such disqualification shall prevent an athlete from taking
part in all further events or rounds of events (including
other events in which they are simultaneously participating
and relays) in that competition.
3.4 If When a relay team is excluded from competition

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under Rule 2.13.5 8.1, it shall be disqualified from thatevent. Performances accomplished in a previous round ofthat event shall remain valid. If the disqualification of therelay team was the consequence of (an) athlete(s) acting ina manner that would lead to a disqualification under Rule
8.1 if competing in an individual event, Rule 8.3 will beapplicable to such athlete(s). Otherwise, Ssuch
disqualification shall not prevent any athlete or relay fromof that team taking part in all further events, (including
other events in which he is simultaneously participating
and relays) in any other event(s) in that competition.
Nothing shall prohibit the Referee taking action against an
individual in accordance with Rule 2.13.5 8.1 and also
taking action against that athlete’s relay team inaccordance with the same Rule, in relation to the same ora linked incident.
4.5 If the offence is considered serious, the Competition
Director shall report it to WPA for consideration of further
disciplinary action.
COMMENT: Rule 8.3 shall be applied to an athlete whose
second warning in the competition incurred in the relay
race, or who had a direct exclusion in the relay race that
led to the disqualification of the team.

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10

14.1.(e)

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Rule 10: Surveying and Measurements

Rule 10: Surveying and Measurements

1. The accuracy of the markings and installations forathletics facilities under Rule 3 and Rule 11.2 shall bechecked by an appropriately qualified surveyor […]1. The accuracy of the markings and installations forathletics facilities under Rules 3, and Rule 11.2, 11.3 and 39
shall be checked by an appropriately qualified surveyor […]Rule 14: Wheelchair and Frame Running Requirements

Rule 14: Wheelchair and Frame Running Requirements

1. General Wheelchair Requirements:

1. General Wheelchair Requirements:e) In all races the athlete must be able to turn the front
wheel(s) manually left and right for steering purposes. Only
hand operated mechanical steering devices are allowed.

e) In all races the athlete must be able to turn the front
wheel(s) manually left and right from straight-ahead
tracking for steering purposes. Only hand operated
mechanical steering devices are allowed.

Aligned with the December
2023 World Athletics Approved
Amendments.

Clarifying that the front wheel
must be able to be manuallysteered left and right fromstraight-ahead tracking, or
when the front wheel ispositioned to move forward ina straight line and not solely
steered with a compensator.

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14.2.(a)

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2. Wheelchair Frame Requirements:a) No part of the frame of the wheelchair, or any
attachments to it, shall extend forward beyond the hub of
the front wheel nor backwards beyond the rearmost
vertical plane of the rear wheels (including tyres).
Additionally, the width of the frame, and any of its
attachments, shall not be wider than the inclined plane ofthe pushing rims.

2. Wheelchair Frame Requirements:a) No part of the frame of the wheelchair, or any
attachments to it, (nor any part of the athlete’s lower body
including legs, ankles, and feet) shall extend forward
beyond the hub of the front wheel nor backwards beyond
the rearmost vertical plane of the rear wheels (including
tyres). Additionally, the width of the frame, and any of its
attachments, shall not be wider than the inclined plane ofthe pushing rims.

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14.2.(d)

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d) For the purpose of seat positioning, the frame structure
shall incorporate a seat.

d) For the purpose of seat positioning, the frame structure
shall incorporate a seat the athlete must ensure that theirlower limb(s) are supported by a seat, a sling or foot tray.

To reflect the current standardpractices used by athletes.

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14.6

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Note(ii))

6. If the Relevant Referee believes that a wheelchair and/or
the athlete using it represents a safety risk they shall beauthorised to exclude the athlete and/or wheelchair froman event.
Note: For safety, athletes should secure their lower limb(s)so they don’t fall to the ground and cause injury.

6. If the Relevant Referee believes that a wheelchair and/or
the athlete using it represents a safety risk they shall beauthorised to exclude the athlete and/or wheelchair froman event.

For safety of the athlete andother competitors.

For safety of the athlete andother competitors.

Note (i): For safety, athletes should secure their lower
limb(s) so they don’t do not fall to the ground and cause
injury.
Note (ii): For safety, no part of the athlete’s lower body(including legs, ankles, and feet) shall extend beyond therearmost vertical plane of the rear wheels (including tyres).

Rule 16: Starting Blocks

Rule 16: Starting Blocks
1. Starting blocks may be used for sports classes T71-72(Frame Running), T35-38, T4240-47 and T61-64 in all races
up to and including 400m […]To align with the Classification
Hierarchy Table.

2. Starting blocks shall comply with the following general
specifications:

To align with the Classification
Hierarchy Table.

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16.1

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1. Starting blocks may be used for sports classes T71-72(Frame Running), T35-38, T42-47 and T61-64 in all races up
to and including 400m […]

103

16.2
Note

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2. Starting blocks shall comply with the following general
specifications:[…]
Note: It is not a requirement for athletes in Sport Classes
T35-38, T42-44 and T61-64 to use both foot plates whenusing a starting block.

[…]Note: It is not a requirement for athletes in Sport Classes
T35-38, T4240-44 and T61-64 to use both foot plates whenusing a starting block.

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Note(i)

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Current
Note (i): Some athletes in Sports Classes T20, T71-72(Frame Running), T35-38, T42-47 and T61-64 may require
their starting blocks to be set for them by the Starter’sAssistant. Upon request, the Technical Delegate will
provide the appropriate athletes and/or their team coachwith a document on which they will be able to indicate
their requirements (as per Rule 7.13).

Amended Text (Red)

Rationale

Note (i): Some athletes in Sports Classes T12, T20, T71-72(Frame Running), T35-38, T4240-47 and T61-64 may
require their starting blocks to be set for them by theStarter’s Assistant. Upon request, the Technical Delegate
will provide the appropriate athletes and/or their teamcoach with a document on which they will be able toindicate their requirements (as per Rule 7.13).

To align with the Classification
Hierarchy Table.

Rule 17: The Start

Rule 17: The Start

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17.1
Note(ii)

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Note (ii): A crouch start stance is not required by athletesin Sport Classes T35-38, T42-47 and T61-64.

Note (ii): A crouch start stance is not required by athletesin Sport Classes T35-38, T4240-47 and T61-64.

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4. In races up to and including 400m after the “On yourmarks” command, an athlete shall approach the start line,
assume a position completely within his allocated lane andbehind the start line. For Sport Classes T11-13 and T20,
both hands and at least one knee shall be in contact withthe ground and both feet in contact with the foot plates ofthe starting blocks. At the “Set” command, an athlete shallimmediately rise to his final starting position retaining thecontact of the hands with the ground and of the feet withthefootplatesoftheblocks.
In case of wheelchair races (classes T33-34 and T51-54),
including Frame Running Events (classes T71-72) the
following commands and positions are required. After the‘On Your marks’ command, an athlete shall approach thestart line, assume a position entirely within his allocatedlane and behind the start line. At the ‘Set’ command, anathlete should immediately take up his final starting
position retaining the contact of the front wheel with theground behind the line”.

4. In races up to and including 400m after the “On yourmarks” command, an athlete shall approach the start line,
assume a position completely within his their allocatedlane and behind the start line. For Sport Classes T11-13 andT20, both hands and at least one knee shall be in contact
with the ground and both feet in contact with the footplates of the starting blocks. At the “Set” command, anathlete shall immediately rise to his their final starting
position retaining the contact of the hands with the groundand of the feet with the foot plates of the blocks.
In case of wWheelchair rRaces (classes T33-34 and T51-54)
and Frame Running eEvents (classes T71-72) the following
commands and positions are required. After the ‘On Yourmarks’ command, an athlete shall approach the start line,
assume a position entirely within his their allocated laneand behind the start line. At the ‘Set’ command, an athlete
should immediately take up his their final starting position
retaining the contact of the front wheel with the groundbehind the line”.

5.
[…]

5.
[…]

c) After the command “On your marks” or “Set” disturbs
other athletes in the race through sound, movement orotherwise, the Starter shall abort the start.

c) After the command “On your marks” or “Set” disturbs(an)other athlete(s) in the race through sound, movement
or otherwise, resulting in such athlete(s) committing what
would otherwise be a false start, the Starter shall abort the

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17.5

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To align with the Classification
Hierarchy Table.

To add Clarity.

Aligned with the August 2023
World Athletics Approved
Amendments.

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Amended Text (Red)The Referee may warn the athlete for improper conduct inrelation to the required start procedure and may disqualify
an athlete in case of a second infringement of this Ruleduring the same competition.

start.

Rationale

The Referee may warn the athlete for improper conduct inrelation to the required start procedure and may(disqualify an athlete in case of a second infringement of
this the Rule during the same competition)., according toRules 8.1 and 8.3.

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(Delete)COMMENT: … It is important in order to maintain the
integrity of the intention of this division and that Starters
and Referees are as diligent in the application of Rule 17.2
and Rule 17.5 as well as in detecting false starts.
…

COMMENT: … It is important in order to maintain the
integrity of the intention of this division and that Starters
and Referees are as diligent in the application of Rule 17.2
and Rule 17.5 as well as in detecting false starts.
…

Aligned with the August 2023
World Athletics Approved
Amendments.

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17.5
Note

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(Delete)[…]Note: It is acceptable for arm amputee athletes or thosewith short arms to use pads on which to rest stumps at thestart or to improve balance. Pads must be completely
behind the start line and not interfere with any otherathlete. The pads should be a similar colour to the track orof a neutral colour.

[…]
Note: It is acceptable for arm amputee athletes or thosewith short arms to use pads on which to rest stumps at thestart or to improve balance. Pads must be completely
behind the start line and not interfere with any otherathlete. The pads should be a similar colour to the track orof a neutral colour.

To recognise that modern
tracks are of different colours
and to reflect common
practice.

COMMENT: This is always difficult to deal with, the colourof the pads that arm amputee athletes use. It is
recommended that tape the same colour of the track beavailable in the Call Room to modify any pads which do notconform to this requirement.

COMMENT: This is always difficult to deal with, the colourof the pads that arm amputee athletes use. It is
recommended that tape the same colour of the track beavailable in the Call Room to modify any pads which do notconform to this requirement.

Rule 18: The Race

Rule 18: The Race

1. In races including at least one bend, the direction ofrunning shall be left-hand inside. The lanes shall benumbered with the left-hand inside lane numbered 1.

1. In races including at least one bend, the direction ofrunning shall be left-hand inside. The lanes shall benumbered with the left-hand inside lane numbered 1.

COMMENT: Where conditions permit and the track isproperly surveyed, straight events can be conducted in the
opposite direction, i.e., right-hand inside.

COMMENT: Where conditions permit and the track isproperly surveyed, straight events can be conducted in the
opposite direction, i.e., right-hand inside.

Obstruction

Obstruction

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18.1
18.2
18.3
18.4

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Aligned with the August 2023
World Athletics Approved
Amendments.

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2. If an athlete or the athlete’s guide-runner is jostled or
obstructed during an event so as to impede his progress:

2. 1 If an athlete or the athlete’s guide-runner is jostled or
obstructed during an event so as to impede their progress,
then:a) If the jostling or obstruction is considered unintentional
or is caused otherwise than by an athlete or their guiderunner, the Referee may, if he is of the opinion that an
athlete (or his team) was seriously affected in accordancewith Rule 2.13.7, order that the race (for one, some or allof the athletes) be re-held or allow the affected athlete (orteam) to compete in a subsequent round of the event;b) If another athlete or his guide-runner is foundresponsible for the intentional jostling or obstruction by
the Referee, such athlete or his team shall be liable todisqualification from that event. The Referee may, if he isof the opinion that an athlete was seriously affected inaccordance with Rule 2.13.7, order that the race (for one,some or all of the athletes) be re-held excluding any
disqualified athlete or team or allow any affected athlete(or team) (other than any disqualified athlete or team) tocompete in a subsequent round of the event.
In order for (a) and (b) to apply, the Referee must deemthat the athlete (or team) affected (or whose guide-runner
was affected) by the jostling or obstruction would likely
have completed the race were it not for the jostling or
obstruction.
COMMENT: For the purposes of these Rules, “jostling” shallmean an athlete or guide-runner making physical contact
on one or more occasions with another athlete or guiderunner.
3. During wheelchair races propulsion by any other method
except the athlete pushing on thewheels or push-rims will result in disqualification.
4. During wheelchair and Frame Running races an athlete
coming from behind in an attempt to overtake carries the
responsibility of ensuring full clearance of the chair being
overtaken before cutting across. The athlete being
overtaken has the responsibility not to obstruct or impedea) If the jostling or obstruction is considered unintentional
or is caused otherwise than by an athlete or their guiderunner, the Referee may, if they are of the opinion that an
athlete (or their team) was seriously affected inaccordance with Rule 2.13.7, order that the race (for one,some or all of the athletes) be re-held or allow the affected
athlete (or team) to compete in a subsequent round of theevent;b) If another athlete or their guide-runner is foundresponsible for the intentional jostling or obstruction by
the Referee, such athlete or their team shall be liable todisqualification from that event. The Referee may, if they
are of the opinion that an athlete was seriously affected inaccordance with Rule 2.13.7, order that the race (for one,some or all of the athletes) be re-held excluding any
disqualified athlete or team or allow any affected athlete(or team) (other than any disqualified athlete or team) tocompete in a subsequent round of the event.
In order for (a) and (b) to apply, the Referee must deemthat the athlete (or team) affected (or whose guide-runner
was affected) by the jostling or obstruction would likely
have completed the race were it not for the jostling or
obstruction.
Note: In cases considered serious enough Rules 8.1 and 8.3
may also be applied. In both cases of Rules 18.1(a) and18.1.(b), such athlete (or team) should normally havecompleted the event with bona fide effort.
COMMENT: Jostling should be understood as physicalcontact on one or more occasions with another athlete or
athletes and/or guide runner(s) that results in an unfair
advantage or causes injury or harm to them or,consequently, to another athlete or athletes.
COMMENT: For the purposes of these Rules, “jostling” shall

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Amended Text (Red)the incoming athlete once the front wheel(s) of the athlete
are in sight.

mean an athlete or guide-runner making physical contact
on one or more occasions with another athlete or guiderunner.
1.2 In all races:a) In races including at least one bend, the direction ofrunning the race shall be left-hand inside. The lanes shallbe numbered with the left-hand inside lane numbered 1;b) run entirely on the straight, the direction of the race
may be either left-hand or right-hand inside, according to
the available conditions;c) run in lanes (or any part of a race run in lanes), eachathlete or the athlete’s guide runner shall keep within their
allocated lane from start to finish and, when running on abend, shall not step or run on or inside the left-hand laneline or in the case of the inside lane, the kerb or line
marking the border of the inside of the track;d) not run in lanes (or any part of races), an athlete or theathlete’s guide-runner running on a bend, on the outer halfof the track as per Rule 17.11, shall not step, run or wheel
on or inside the kerb or line marking the applicable border(the inside of the track or the outer half of the track).
COMMENT: The requirement for an athlete or an athlete’s
guide-runner to keep within their allocated lane from start
to finish pursuant to Rule 18.2(c) does not require theathlete to finish the race in the same lane in which they
started (subject to no other rules being broken).
3. During wheelchair races propulsion by any other method
except the athlete pushing on the wheels or push-rims will
result in disqualification.
4. During wheelchair and Frame Running races an athlete
coming from behind in an attempt to overtake carries the
responsibility of ensuring full clearance of the chair being
overtaken before cutting across. The athlete being
overtaken has the responsibility not to obstruct or impede
the incoming athlete once the front wheel(s) of the athlete

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are in sight.
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18.5
18.6

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Lane Infringement

Lane Infringement

5.
a) In all races run in lanes, each athlete or the athlete’s
guide-runner shall keep within his allocated lane from start
to finish. This shall also apply to any portion of a race
where there is a requirement to run in lanes.

5. in all racesa) In all races run in lanes, each athlete or the athlete’s
guide-runner shall keep within his allocated lane from start
to finish. This shall also apply to any portion of a race
where there is a requirement to run in lanes.

b) In all races (or any part of races) not run in lanes, anathlete or the athlete’s guide-runner running on a bend, on
the outer half of the track as per Rule 17.11, shall not step,
run or wheel on or inside the kerb or line marking theapplicable border (the inside of the track or the outer halfof the track).

b) In all races (or any part of races) not run in lanes, anathlete or the athlete’s guide-runner running on a bend, on
the outer half of the track as per Rule 17.11, shall not step,
run or wheel on or inside the kerb or line marking theapplicable border (the inside of the track or the outer halfof the track).

Except as stated in Rule 18.6, if the Referee is satisfied, on
the report of a Judge or Umpire or otherwise, that an
athlete or the athlete’s guide-runner has infringed thisRule, they or in the case of a relay race, their team shall bedisqualified.

Except as stated in Rule 18.6, if the Referee is satisfied, on
the report of a Judge or Umpire or otherwise, that an
athlete or the athlete’s guide-runner has infringed this Rule18.2(c) or 18.2(d) they or in the case of a relay race, theirteam shall be disqualified unless the athlete:

6. An athlete or the athlete’s guide-runner or in the case ofa relay race, his team, shall not be disqualified for runningor wheeling out of his lane if he:

6. An athlete or the athlete’s guide-runner or in the case ofa relay race, his team, shall not be disqualified for runningor wheeling out of his lane if he:a) is pushed or forced by another person or object to step,
run or wheel outside his lane or on or inside the kerb or line
marking the applicable border, or;a) is pushed or forced by another person or object to step,
run or wheel outside his lane or on or inside the kerb or line
marking the applicable border, or;b) steps, runs or wheels outside his lane in the straight oroutside the outer line of his lane on the bend,b) steps, runs or wheels outside his lane in the straight oroutside the outer line of his lane on the bend, ; orc) in all races run in lanes, touches once the line on theirleft, or the kerb or line marking the applicable border (asdefined in Rule 18.5(b)) on a bend; provided that:c) in all races run in lanes (or any part of races run inlanes), touches once the line on their left, or the kerb orline marking the applicable border (as defined in Rule18.5(b)) of the inside of the track on a bend; provided that:In the case of wheelchair races, the duration for which thewheel of the racing chair making contact with the line
remains in contact with the line does not exceed the timethat it takes the athlete to make [two] further pushes on

In the case of wheelchair races, the duration for which thewheel of the racing chair making contact with the line
remains in contact with the line does not exceed remain in

Aligned with the August 2023
World Athletics Approved
Amendments.

To add clarity and to ensure
correct interpretation of the
rule.

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Amended Text (Red)the push-rim of the racing chair from the point at which
the wheel of the racing chair first made contact with theline ;In the case of Frame Running races, the duration for which
the wheel of the Frame Runner making contact with theline remains in contact with the line does not exceed thetime that it takes the athlete to make [two] further steps
from the point at which the wheel of the Frame Runnerfirst made contact with the line.

contact with the line for longer than the time that it takes
the athlete to make [two] further pushes on the push-rimof the racing chair from the point at which the wheel of theracing chair first made contact with the line ;(d) in all races (or any part of races) not run in lanes,
steps/wheels once on or completely over the kerb or line
marking the applicable border (as defined in Rule 18.5(b))
on a bend.
and no material advantage is gained and no other athlete
being jostled or obstructed so as to impede the otherathlete’s progress (see Rule 18.2). If material advantage isgained, the athlete (or team) shall be disqualified.
In races with multiple rounds, an infringement defined in
Rules 18.6.(c) and 18.6.(d) may be made only once during
all rounds of an event by a particular athlete without thedisqualification of that athlete. A second infringement will
result in the disqualification of that athlete whether it wasmade in the same round or in another round of the same
event.
In the case of Relay Races, any second step (as described inthis Rule 18.6.(c) and 18.6.(d) by an athlete who is amember of a team, regardless of whether committed by
the same or different athletes, will result in thedisqualification of the team whether it happens in thesame round or in another round of the same event.
For the ratification of records, see Rule 51.17(d)Note: Material advantage includes improving his position
by any means, including removing himself from a “boxed”
position in the race by having stepped or run inside theinside edge of the track.
COMMENT: This Rule specifically outlaws the practice of an
athlete seeking to improve his position in races by moving
onto the inside of the track (whether intentionally or after
being pushed or jostled there by another athlete) to get

In the case of Frame Running races, the duration for which
the wheel of the Frame Runner making contact with theline remains in contact with the line does not exceed
remain in contact with the line for longer than the timethat it takes the athlete to make [two] further steps fromthe point at which the wheel of the Frame Runner firstmade contact with the line.
(d) in all races not run in lanes (or any part of races) not
run in lanes), steps/wheels once on or completely over the
kerb or line marking the applicable border (as defined inRule 18.5(b) 18.2(d)) on a bend;
and no material advantage is gained and no other athlete
being jostled or obstructed so as to impede the otherathlete’s progress (see Rule 18.2 18.1) and no material
advantage is gained (see Rule 18.6). If material advantage
is gained, the athlete (or team) shall be disqualified.
In races with multiple rounds, an infringement any action
defined in Rules 18.6.(c) 18.5.(c) and 18.6.(d) 18.5.(d) may
be made only once during all rounds of an event by aparticular athlete without the disqualification of that
athlete. A second infringement action will result in thedisqualification of that athlete whether it was made in thesame round or in another round of the same event.
In the case of Relay Races, any second step action (asdescribed in this Rule 18.6.(c) 18.5.(c) and 18.6.(d) 18.5.(d)by an athlete who is a member of a team, regardless ofwhether made committed by the same or different
athletes, will result in the disqualification of the teamwhether it happens in the same round or in another roundof the same event.
For the ratification of records, see Rule 51.17(d).
Note: Material advantage includes improving his position

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ActionCurrent

Amended Text (Red)out of a boxed position by running on the inside until clear.
Whilst normally running on the inside of lane 1 in thestraight (as distinct from doing so on the bend) would notlead to mandatory disqualification, the Referee has thepower to disqualify in his discretion if this occurs and theathlete is advantaged even if the initial reason for being
there was the result of being pushed or jostled. In suchcases the athlete should take immediate steps to return to
the track without seeking or gaining any advantage.

by any means, including removing himself from a “boxed”
position in the race by having stepped or run inside theinside edge of the track.

Where a race is started in lanes and then continues notusing separate lanes, Rules 18.5 and 18.6 apply
accordingly to each such part of the race. When
determining whether the exception in Rule 18.6.(c) applies
in cases where some part of the shoe/foot/prosthesis or
wheel is also to the left of the line, there is a requirement
for at least some part of the outline of athlete’s
shoe/foot/prosthesis or wheel to be touching the line, i.e.
some contact with the line (depicted by the outline of therelevant part of the shoe/foot/ prosthesis or wheel) is
required for this exception to apply. If this is not the case,then the exception does not apply. All lane infringements
should be tracked in the competition data systems andshown in the start lists and results.
In relation to the exception in Rule 18.6(c) for wheelchair
racers, it is understood that, whilst there may only be asingle contact, the duration of the contact of the wheel ofthe racing chair with the line may be for a prolonged
period that might afford the athlete a material advantage.
That being the case the athlete shall be permitted [two]pushes on the push rim of the racing chair from the point
at which the racing chair first touched the line to bringhimself back within the lane (so as not to be touching theline) to the effect that, if the athlete makes a [third] pushon the push rim of the racing chair whilst the racing chair isin contact with the line, the athlete shall be disqualified.

6. If material advantage is gained by an athlete byimproving their position by any means including under the
exceptions in Rule 18.5 or by removing themselves from a“boxed” position in the race by having stepped/wheeled or
run inside the inside edge of the track at any point, theathlete (or team) shall be disqualified.
COMMENT: This Rule 18.6 specifically outlaws the practiceof an athlete seeking to improve his position in races bymoving onto the inside of the track (whether intentionallyor after being pushed or jostled there by another athlete)
to get out of a boxed position by running on the inside until
clear. Whilst normally running on the inside of lane 1 in thestraight (as distinct from doing so on the bend) would notlead to mandatory disqualification, the Referee has thepower to disqualify in his discretion if this occurs and theathlete is advantaged even if the initial reason for being
there was the result of being pushed or jostled. In suchcases the athlete should take immediate steps to return to
the track without seeking or gaining any advantage.
Where a race is started in lanes and then continues notusing separate lanes, Rules 18.5 and 18.6 18.1 and 18.5
apply accordingly to each such part of the race. Therefore,
only one infringement according to Rules 18.5.(c) and18.5.(d) is allowed. A second infringement in the same race
will result in disqualification. When determining whether
the exception in Rule 18.6.(c) 18.5.(c) applies in cases
where some part of the shoe/foot/prosthesis or wheel isalso to the left of the line, there is a requirement for atleast some part of the outline of athlete’s
shoe/foot/prosthesis or wheel to be touching the line, i.e.
some contact with the line (depicted by the outline of therelevant part of the shoe/foot/ prosthesis or wheel) is
required for this exception to apply. If this is not the case,then the exception does not apply. All lane infringements
should be tracked in the competition data systems andshown in the start lists and results.

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Amended Text (Red)In relation to the exception in Rule 18.6(c) 18.5(c) for
wheelchair racers, it is understood that, whilst there may
only be a single contact, the duration of the contact of thewheel of the racing chair with the line may be for a
prolonged period that might afford the athlete a material
advantage. That being the case the athlete shall bepermitted [two] pushes on the push rim of the racing chairfrom the point at which the racing chair first touched theline to bring himself back within the lane (so as not to be
touching the line) to the effect that, if the athlete makes a[third] push on the push rim of the racing chair whilst the
racing chair is in contact with the line, the athlete shall bedisqualified.
In relation to the exception in Rule 18.5(c) for Frame
Running races, it is understood that, whilst there may only
be a single contact, the duration of the contact of thewheel of the Frame Runner with the line may be for a
prolonged period that might afford the athlete a material
advantage. That being the case the athlete shall bepermitted two further steps from the point at which thewheel of the Frame Runner first touched the line to bringthemselves back within the lane (so as not to be touching
the line) to the effect that, if the athlete makes a third stepwhilst the wheel of the Frame Runner is in contact with theline, the athlete shall be disqualified.

115

18.7

Amend
(Deleteand add)

7. In IPC Games and IPC Competitions (see Part B - 3.1.2 (a)and (b)) the start of the 800m event shall be run in lanes
for as far as the nearer edge of the break line where
athletes
may
leave
their
respective
lanes.
The break line shall be an arced line marked after the first
bend, 50mm wide, across all lanes other than lane 1. To
assist athletes in identifying the break line, small cones orprisms, 50mmx50mm no more than 0.15m high, andpreferably of different colour from the break line and thelane lines, shall be placed on the lane lines immediately
before the intersection of the lane lines and the break line.
If an athlete or his accompanying guide-runner does notfollow this Rule he, or in case of a relay team his team,shall be disqualified.

7. In IPC the Paralympic Games and WPA Championships
IPC Competitions (see Part B - 3.1.2 (a) and (b)) the start of
the 800m event shall be run in lanes for as far as thenearer edge of the break line breakline where athletes may
leave
their
respective
lanes.
The break line breakline shall be an arced line marked after
the first bend, 50mm wide, across all lanes other than lane
1. To assist ambulant athletes in identifying the break line
breakline, small cones or prisms, 50mmx50mm no morethan 0.15m high, and preferably of different colour fromthe break line breakline and the lane lines, shall be placedon the lane lines immediately before the intersection of thelane lines and the break line breakline for ambulant races.
If an athlete or his their accompanying guide-runner does
not follow this Rule he they, or in case of a relay team his

Rationale

To add clarity and to ensure
correct interpretation of therule for Frame Running races.

Aligned with the World
Athletics language and toclarify that prisms are only to
be used for ambulant races.

Page

Rule

ActionCurrent

Amended Text (Red)

Rationale

their team, shall be disqualified.
116

18.7

Amend

Note (i): For wheelchair and Frame Running races, cones
should not be placed on the track. Coloured flat markers
50mmx50mm may be placed at the intersection of the lanelines at the break-line.

Note (i): For wheelchair and Frame Running races, cones
should not be placed on the track. Coloured flat markers
50mmx50mm may be placed at immediately before theintersection of the lane lines at the break-line breakline.

Aligned with the use of cones.
The flat marks must be set
immediately
beforetheintersection and not at theintersection.

117

18.10

Amend
(Deleteand add)

Check-Marks

Check-Marks

10. […]

10. […]

Aligned with the August 2023
World Athletics Approved
Amendments.

Note: Serious cases may further be dealt with under Rule2.13.5 and Rule 8.2.

Note: Serious cases may further be dealt with under Rule2.13.5 and Rule 8.2. Rule 8.1 and Rule 8.3.

Wind Measurement

Wind Measurement

15. The periods for which the wind velocity shall bemeasured are as follows:

15. The periods for which the wind velocity shall bemeasured are as follows:

In the 100m event – for 10 seconds immediately following
the start.
In the 200m event – the wind velocity shall be measured
for a period of 10 seconds commencing when the firstathlete enters the straight.
Drinking / Sponging

In the 100m event – for 10 seconds immediately following
the start.
In the 200m event – the wind velocity shall be measured
for a period of 10 seconds commencing when the firstleading athlete enters the straight.
Drinking / Sponging and Refreshments

Rule 20: Timing and Photo Finish

Rule 20: Timing and Photo Finish

118

119

18.15

18.18

Amend
(Deleteand add)

Amend(Title)To add Clarity.

Aligned with the August 2023
World Athletics Approved
Amendments.

122

20.12

Amend
(Deleteand add)

12. If, after converting as indicated above, two of the threewatches agree and the third disagrees, the time recordedby the two shall be the official time. If all three watches
disagree, the middle time shall be official. If only two times
are available and they disagree, the longer time shall be
official.

12. If, after converting as indicated above, two of the threewatches agree and the third disagrees, the time recordedby the two shall be the official time. If all three watches
disagree, the middle time shall be official. If only two times
from two watches are available and they disagree, thelonger time shall be official.

Aligned with the December
2023 World Athletics Approved
Amendments.

123

20.15

Amend
(Deleteand add)

15. […]
Any such design must be solely confined to theintersection, for no more than 20mm beyond, and notextended before, the leading edge of the finish line.

15. […]
Any such design must be solely confined to theintersection, for no more than 20mm beyond, and notextended before, the leading nearer edge of the finish line.

Aligned with the December
2023 World Athletics Approved
Amendments.

Page

Rule

Action

124

20.20

Amend
(Add)

125

127

20.24

21.2

Current
Operation of the System

Operation of the System

20. … In cooperation with the Track Referee and theStarter, he shall initiate a zero control test, before thebeginning of each session, to ensure that the equipment isstarted automatically by the Starter’s signal within thelimit of 0.001 second. He shall supervise the testing of theequipment and ensure that the camera(s) is correctlyaligned.

20. … In cooperation with the Start Referee (or if one is notappointed, the relevant Track Referee) and the Starter, hethey shall initiate a zero control test, before the beginningof each session, to ensure that the equipment is started
automatically by the Starter’s signal within the limit of
0.001 second. He shall supervise the testing of theequipment and ensure that the camera(s) is correctlyaligned.

Amend
(Add
Note)

Amend
(Add New
Note)

Amended Text (Red)

Note: Events held according to Rule 11.2 shall beconsidered to be conducted inside the stadium for timing
and recording of performance.
Rule 21: Seedings, Draws and Qualification in Track
EventsRounds and Heats

Rule 21: Seedings, Draws and Qualification in Track
EventsRounds and Heats

2. The Qualification Rounds shall be arranged by theappointed Technical Delegates. If no Technical Delegateshave been appointed, they shall be arranged by the LOC.

2. The Qualification Rounds shall be arranged by theappointed Technical Delegates. If no Technical Delegateshave been appointed, they shall be arranged by the LOC.

The following tables shall, in the absence of extraordinary
circumstances, be used to determine the number ofrounds, and the number of heats in each round, to be held
and the qualification procedure, i.e., those to advance byplace (P) and time (T), for each round of Track Events.

The following tables shall, in the absence of extraordinary
circumstances, be used to determine the number ofrounds, and the number of heats in each round, to be held
and the qualification procedure, i.e., those to advance byplace (P) and time (T), for each round of Track Events.

Rationale
Aligned with the August 2023
World Athletics Approved
Amendments.

Aligned with the August 2023
World Athletics Approved
Amendments.

Aligned with the 22 May 2023
World Athletics Approved
Amendments.

Note: The applicable regulations may specify, following
consultation with the Technical Delegate(s) whereappointed, how vacant positions due to withdrawals insemi-finals and finals may be filled by the next ranked
athlete(s) following the previous round after thosequalified.
127

21.2.aAmend(Deleteand add)a) Whenever possible, representatives of each nation orteam and the best-performed athletes shall be placed indifferent heats in all Qualification Rounds of thecompetition.

a) Whenever possible, representatives athletes of eachnation or team and the best-performed athletes shall beplaced in different heats in all Qualification Rounds of thecompetition.

Aligned with the December
2023 World Athletics Approved
Amendments.

Page

Rule

Action135

21.4(b)Amend(Replace)

Current

Amended Text (Red)

Draw for Lanes

Draw for Lanes

4. For events 100m to 800m inclusive, and relays up to andincluding 4x400m, where there are several successive
rounds of a race, lanes will be drawn as follows:[…]

4. For events 100m to 800m inclusive, and relays up to andincluding 4x400m, where there are several successive
rounds of a race, lanes will be drawn as follows:[…]b) For the following rounds, athletes shall be ranked after
each round in accordance with the procedure shown
above.

b) For the following rounds, athletes shall be ranked after
each round in accordance with the procedure shown
above.

Three draws will then be made:For an eight-lane track, tThree draws will then be made.
When there are fewer or more than eight lanes, theprinciples in the following system with the necessary
modifications should be used:i) One for the four highest ranked athletes or teams todetermine placings in lanes 3, 4, 5 and 6;ii) Another for the fifth and sixth ranked athletes or teams
to determine placings in lanes 7 and 8, and;iii)Another for the two lowest ranked athletes or teams todetermine placings in lanes 1 and 2.
Note (i): When there are fewer than 8 lanes, the above
system with the necessary modifications should be
followed.

Rationale
Aligned with the 22 May 2023
World Athletics Approved
Amendmentsi) One for the four highest ranked athletes or teams todetermine placings in lanes 3, 4, 5 and 6;ii) Another for the fifth and sixth ranked athletes or teams
to determine placings in lanes 7 and 8, and;iii)Another for the two lowest ranked athletes or teams todetermine placings in lanes 1 and 2.
[insert New Lane Allocations Table from appendix 2]
Note (i): When there are fewer than 8 lanes, the above
system with the necessary modifications should be
followed.

Rule 23: Relay Races

Rule 23: Relay Races

140

23.2

Amend
(Deleteand add)

In ambulant relay races of 4x100m, 4x200m relays and forthe first and second take-overs in the 4x100m universal
relays, each take-over zone shall be 30m long, of which thescratch line is 20m from the start of the zone. For
wheelchair relay races of 4x100m and 4x400m and for thethird take-over in the 4x100m universal relay, the takeover zone shall be 40m long of which the scratch line is
30m from the start of the zone.

In ambulant relay races of 4x100m, 4x200m relays and forthe first and second take-overs in the 4x100m universal
relays, each take-over zone shall be 30m long, of which thescratch line is 20m from the start beginning of the zone.
For wheelchair relay races of 4x100m and 4x400m and forthe third take-over in the 4x100m universal relay, the takeover zone shall be 40m long of which the scratch line is
30m from the start beginning of the zone.

Aligned with the December
2023 World Athletics Approved
Amendments.

140

23.3

Amend
(Add)

3. When all or the first portion of a relay race is being run
in lanes, an athlete or guide-runner may place one check-

3. When all or the first portion of a relay race is being run
in lanes, an athlete or guide-runner may place one check-

Aligned with the August 2023
World Athletics Approved

Page

Rule

ActionCurrent

Amended Text (Red)mark on the track within his own lane, by using adhesivetape, maximum 5cmx40cm, of a distinctive colour whichcannot be confused with other permanent markings. No
other check-mark may be used.

mark on the track within his own lane, by using adhesivetape, maximum 5cmx40cm, of a distinctive colour whichcannot be confused with other permanent markings. No
other check-mark may be used. The Judges shall direct therelevant athlete(s) to adapt or remove any marks notcomplying with this Rule. If they do not, the Judges shallremove them.

Rationale
Amendments.

Note (i): Serious cases may further be dealt with under
Rule 8.1 and Rule 8.3.
[…]
142

23.6

Amend
(Add)

6. The baton shall be passed within the take-over zone. The
passing of the baton commences when it is first touched by
the receiving athlete or guide-runner and is completed themoment it is in the hand of only the receiving athlete or
guide-runner. In relation to the take- over zone, it is only
the position of the baton that is decisive, and not theposition of the bodies of the athletes. Passing of the baton
outside the take-over zone shall result in disqualification.
COMMENT: In determining the position of the baton, it is
the whole baton which must be considered. Umpires must
be diligent to ensure that they observe any contact by theoutgoing runner with the baton prior to the baton entering
the takeover zone, particularly in 4x400m ambulant relays.
If the outgoing runner even touches the baton prior to thebaton being inside the zone, the team will be subject todisqualification. They must also ensure that the baton is
only in the hand of the receiving athlete before it “leaves”
the takeover zone.
[…]
7. …
Rule 18.5 and Rule 18.6 shall not apply to those athletes
and guide-runners. If an athlete or guide-runner impedes amember of another team by running out of position or laneat the finish of his leg, Rule 18.2 shall be applied.

6. The baton shall be passed within the take-over zone. The
passing of the baton commences when it is first touched by
the receiving athlete or guide-runner and is completed themoment it is in the hand of only the receiving athlete or
guide-runner. In relation to the take- over zone, it is only
the position of the baton that is decisive, and not theposition of the bodies of the athletes. Passing of the baton
outside the take-over zone shall result in disqualification.
Rule 18.5(b) shall apply when relevant.
COMMENT: The application of Rule 18.5(b) may benecessary when an athlete, during the takeover, steps
outside the allocated lane inside the takeover zone withoutmaterial advantage gained and other athletes obstructed.
In determining the position of the baton, it is the wholebaton which must be considered. Umpires must be diligent
to ensure that they observe any contact by the outgoingrunner with the baton prior to the baton entering the
takeover zone, particularly in 4x400m ambulant relays. If
the outgoing runner even touches the baton prior to thebaton being inside the zone, the team will be subject todisqualification. They must also ensure that the baton is
only in the hand of the receiving athlete before it “leaves”
the takeover zone.
[…]
7. …
Rule 18.5 18.2 and Rule 18.6 18.5 shall not apply to thoseathletes and guide-runners. If an athlete or guide-runner

Aligned with the August 2023
World Athletics Approved
Amendments.

Page

Rule

ActionCurrent

Amended Text (Red)

Rationale

impedes a member of another team by running out of
position or lane at the finish of his leg, Rule 18.2 18.1 shallbe applied.

Rule 24: General Conditions
148

24.2

Amend
(Add)

Rule 24: General Conditions

Practice Trials at the Competition Area[…]

Practice Trials at the Competition Area[…]

2. Once a competition has begun, athletes are notpermitted to use, for practice purposes,

2. Once a competition has begun, athletes are notpermitted to use, for practice purposes,a) The runway or take-off area;b) Implements;c) The circles or the ground within the sector with orwithout implements.

a) The runway or take-off area;b) Implements;c) The circles or runway or the ground within the sector
with or without implements.

Aligned with the August 2023
World Athletics Approved
Amendments.

The use of implements outside the circle or runway isprohibited at any time.
149

24.3

Amend
(Add)

Markers

Markersa) In Field Events where a runway is used, markers shall beplaced alongside it, except for High Jump where themarkers can be placed on the runway. An athlete may use
one or two markers (supplied or approved by the LOC) toassist him in his run-up and take-off…

a) In Field Events where a runway is used, markers shall beplaced alongside it, except for High Jump where themarkers can be placed on the runway. An athlete may use
one or two markers (supplied or approved by the LOC) toassist him in his run-up and take-off…

b)
[…]

b)
[…]

Aligned with the August 2023
World Athletics Approved
Amendments.

c) The Judges shall direct the relevant athlete to adapt or
remove any marks not complying with this Rule. If they donot, the Judges shall remove them.
Note: Serious cases may further be dealt with under Rule8.1 and Rule 8.3.
150

24.5

Amend
(Deleteand add)

Competing Order and Trials

Competing Order and Trials

5. Except where Rule 24.6 applies, the athletes shall

5. Except where Rule 24.6 applies, or the applicable

Aligned with the 22 May 2023

Page

Rule

ActionCurrent

Amended Text (Red)compete in an order drawn by lot. If an athlete by his own
decision makes a trial in an order different from that
previously determined, Rule 2.13.5 and Rule 8.2 shall beapplied. In the case of a warning the result of the trial(valid or failure) will stand. If there is a Qualification
Round, there shall be a fresh drawing of lot for the final.

regulations provide otherwise, the athletes shall compete
in an order drawn by lot. If an athlete by his their own
decision makes a trial in an order different from that
previously determined, Rule 2.13.5 8.1 and Rule 8.2 8.3
shall be applied. In the case of a warning the result of thetrial (valid or failure) will stand. If there is a Qualification
Round, there shall be a fresh drawing of lot for the final.

COMMENT: If an athlete, by his own decision, makes a trial
in an order different from that previously determined, heshall be warned (or disqualified in case of a second
infringement) according to Rule 2.13.5 and Rule 8.2, but
the result of the trial (valid or failure) will be considered in
the case of a warning.

Rationale
World Athletics
Amendments

Approved

Aligned with the August 2023
World Athletics Approved
Amendments.

COMMENT: If an athlete, by his own decision, makes a trial
in an order different from that previously determined, heshall be warned (or disqualified in case of a second
infringement) according to Rule 2.13.5 8.1 and Rule 8.2
8.3, but the result of the trial (valid or failure) will beconsidered in the case of a warning.

153

24.10

Amend
(Deleteand add)

10. The athletes shall normally be divided into two or moregroups at random, but wherever possible representativesof each nation or team shall be placed in different groups.

10. The athletes shall normally be divided into two or moregroups at random, but wherever possible representatives
athletes of each nation or team shall be placed in different
groups.

Aligned with the December
2023 World Athletics Approved
Amendments.

153

24.12

Amend
(Add newNote)

Qualification Rounds

Qualification Rounds[…]
12. The conditions for qualifying, the qualifying standard
and the number of athletes in the final, shall be decided by
the Technical Delegate(s). If no Technical Delegate(s) havebeen appointed the conditions shall be decided by the LOC.
It is desirable that there should be at least 12 athletes in
the final unless otherwise provided in the Regulations forthe competition.

[…]
12. The conditions for qualifying, the qualifying standard
and the number of athletes in the final, shall be decided by
the Technical Delegate(s). If no Technical Delegate(s) havebeen appointed the conditions shall be decided by the LOC.
It is desirable that there should be at least 12 athletes in
the final unless otherwise provided in the Regulations forthe competition.

Aligned with the 22 May 2023
World Athletics Approved
Amendments

Note: The applicable regulations may specify how vacant
positions due to withdrawals in finals may be filled in byathletes ranked next following the qualification round after
those qualified.

Page

Rule

Action

155

24.17

Amend
(Deleteand add)

155

24.17

Amend
(Add)

Current
Individual Events
Number of athletes
remaining left in thecompetition
More than 3(or for the very firsttrial of each athlete)
2 or 3
1
Consecutive trials

Amended Text (Red)

Rationale

High Jump

Others Ambulant Events

Seated Throw Events

1min

1min

1min

1.5 min
3min
2min

1min
–
1min

1min
–
1min

Individual Events…

Individual Events…

COMMENT: In a practical sense, the Chief Judge or theReferee is in a position to allow additional time between
throws if he determines that the athlete is not ready, or if
the officials are not ready. For Seated Throwing the timeclock should be initiated after the passing of the implement
to the athlete and when the sector is ready, and officials
are out of the way. This may require some sort of audible
instruction from the Chief Judge to the athlete. When theathlete finishes the third throw, and the measurement iscompleted the time clock must be initiated for the oneminute break. During the one-minute break period theimplement should not be provided to the athlete unless theathlete requests it. If the athlete asks for the implement
before the one minute break has elapsed, then the time forthe fourth throw shall commence immediately (i.e., at the
moment the implement is handed to the athlete and when
the sector is ready, and officials are out of the way).
[…]

COMMENT: In a practical sense, the Chief Judge or theReferee is in a position to allow additional time between
throws if he determines that the athlete is not ready, or if
the officials are not ready. For Seated Throwing the timeclock should be initiated after the passing of the
responsible judge has passed the implement to the athlete
and when the sector is ready, and officials are out of theway. This may require some sort of audible instruction
from the Chief Judge to the athlete. When the athlete
finishes the third throw, and the measurement iscompleted the time clock must be initiated for the oneminute break. During the one-minute break period theimplement should not be provided to the athlete unless theathlete requests it. If the athlete asks for the implement
before the one minute break has elapsed, then the time forthe fourth throw shall commence immediately (i.e., at the
moment the implement is handed to the athlete and when
the sector is ready, and officials are out of the way).
[…]

Note (iii): In the High Jump, any change in the time period
allowed for a trial, except the time specified for consecutive
trials, shall not be applied until the bar is raised to a newheight.

Note (iii): In the High Jump, any change in the time period
allowed for a trial, except the time specified for consecutive
trials, shall not be applied until the bar is raised to a newheight. The number of athletes remaining in thecompetition is determined at the time the bar is raised to
the new height.

For clarification.

Aligned with the 22 May 2023
World Athletics Approved
Amendments.

Page

Rule

ActionCurrent

Amended Text (Red)

Rationale[…]
Note (x): The time for consecutive trials will be applied forany consecutive trial regardless of it being in the sameround for a replacement trial, at the same height orconsecutive heights in High Jump or when the order ischanged at the end of a round of trials. The time forconsecutive trials will be applied if it is longer than the timeallowed for the trial based on the calculation of thenumber of athletes remaining in the competition. However,when an athlete, based on the calculation of the number ofathletes remaining in the competition, is entitled to alonger time, then that will be applied.
158

159

161

24.19

24.23

25.7

Amend
(Add)

Absence during Competition

Absence during Competition

19. An athlete may not leave the immediate area of theevent during the progress of the competition, unless he has
the permission of, and is accompanied by, an official. If
possible, a warning should be given first, but for subsequentinstances or in serious cases the athlete shall be disqualified.

19. An athlete may not leave the immediate area of theevent during the progress of the competition, unless he has
the permission of, and is accompanied by, an official. If
possible, a warning should be given first, but for subsequentinstances or in serious cases the athlete shall be disqualified.
If an athlete subsequently is not present for a particular trial,
it will be counted as a failure once the period allowed for thetrial has elapsed.

Amend(Delete)Hopping Technique

Hopping Technique

23. For athletes in Classes T42-44 and T61-64 the hopping
technique is permitted during the approach in Jumping
Events.

23. For athletes in Classes T42-44 and T61-64 the hopping
technique is permitted during the approach in Jumping
Events.

Aligned with the amendments
made to Rules 6.12.1.(b), 25.7
and 27.14.

Amend(Deleteand add)

Prosthetic Device(s)Prosthetic Device(s)7. For athletes competing in High Jump Events in sportclasses T61-64, the use of prosthetic device(s) is optional.
The relevant Official shall ensure that Rule 6.12.1(b) isobserved.

7. For athletes competing in High Jump Events in sportclasses T61-64, the use of prosthetic device(s) is optional
mandatory. The relevant Official shall ensure that Rule6.12.1(b) is observed.

for consistency with the WPAClassification
Rules
and
Regulations (regarding sports
class allocation).

[…]

[…]

Aligned with the August 2023
World Athletics Approved
Amendments.

Page

170

171

Rule

27.3

27.5

ActionAmend(Delete)

Amend
(Add)

Current

Amended Text (Red)

Rule 27: General Conditions

Rule 27: General Conditions

Rationale

The Take-off Board and Take-off Area

The Take-off Board and Take-off Area

3. take-off shall be marked by a board sunk level with the
runway and the surface of the landing area. The edge ofthe board which is nearer to the landing area shall be thetake-off line. Immediately beyond the take-off line there
may be placed a plasticine indicator board for theassistance of the Judges.

3. take-off shall be marked by a board sunk level with the
runway and the surface of the landing area. The edge ofthe board which is nearer to the landing area shall be thetake-off line. Immediately beyond the take-off line there
may be placed a plasticine indicator board for theassistance of the Judges.

Note: Where in construction of the runway and/or take-offboard there was previously provision for the placement ofa plasticine indicator board and such board is not used, thisrecess should be filled by a blanking board flush with the
take-off board.

Note: Where in construction of the runway and/or take-offboard there was previously provision for the placement ofa plasticine indicator board and such board is not used, thisrecess should be filled by a blanking board flush with the
take-off board.

Relevant text removed fromthis section and brought under
Rule
27.5.
Logicalrearrangement.

Note: The take-off board can be constructed as a single
piece of board 0.30m wide with a 0.20m white section anda 0.10m in a contrasting colour, i.e. the take-off board andblanking board can be one piece.

Aligned with the August 2023
World Athletics Approved
Amendments.

5. The use of video or other technology, to assist theJudges in deciding the application of Rule 28.1, is strongly
recommended at all levels of competition. However, if notechnology is available, a plasticine indicator board may
still be used.

5. The use of video or other technology, to assist theJudges in deciding the application of Rule 28.1, is strongly
recommended at all levels of competition. However, if notechnology is available, a plasticine indicator board placed
immediately beyond the take-off line may still be used.

… (Figure 9)… (Figure 9)

When mounted in this recess, the whole assembly shall be
sufficiently rigid to accept the full force of the athlete’s
foot.

When mounted in this recess, the whole assembly shall be
sufficiently rigid to accept the full force of the athlete’s
foot.

The surface of the board beneath the plasticine shall be ofa material in which the spikes of an athlete’s shoe will grip
and not skid.

The surface of the board beneath the plasticine shall be ofa material in which the spikes of an athlete’s shoe will grip
and not skid.

The plasticine can be smoothed off by means of a roller orsuitably shaped scraper for the purposes of removing thefootprint of an athlete.

The plasticine can be smoothed off by means of a roller orsuitably shaped scraper for the purposes of removing thefootprint of an athlete.

Aligned with the 22 May 2023
World Athletics Approved
Amendments.

Aligned with the 22 May 2023
World Athletics Approved
Amendments

Page

175

175

175

Rule

27.14.
(a)27.14.
(c)

28.1

ActionAmend(Deleteand add)

Amend
(Add)

Amend
(Add)

Current

Amended Text (Red)

Rationale

Note: Where in construction of the runway and/or take-offboard there was previously provision for the placement ofa plasticine indicator board and such board is not used, thisrecess should be filled by a blanking board flush with the
take-off board.

Relevant text moved from Rule27.3 and brought under Rule27.5. Logical rearrangement.

Prosthetic Device(s)Prosthetic Device(s)14. For athletes competing in horizontal Jumping Events insport classes T61-64, the use of prosthetic device(s) is
optional. The relevant Official shall ensure that Rule6.12.1(b) is observed.

14. For athletes competing in horizontal Jumping Events insport classes T61-64, the use of prosthetic device(s) is
optional mandatory. The relevant Official shall ensure that
Rule 6.12.1(b) is observed.

for consistency with the WPAClassification
Rules
and
Regulations (regarding sports
class allocation).

a) If the prosthetic device(s)is lost during the run-up thenthe athlete cannot continue without the prosthetic
device(s). The athlete shall fix/adjust the prosthetic devices
and recommence the trial provided he is within the timeallowed for the trial;a) If the prosthetic device(s)is device(s) is lost during the
run-up then the athlete cannot continue without theprosthetic device(s). The athlete shall fix/adjust theprosthetic device(s) and recommence the trial provided heis within the time allowed for the trial;

To correct typographical error.

b) If the prosthetic devices are lost during the process ofjumping and the mark where the prosthetic device(s) lands
is the closest mark to the take-off board in the landingarea, then that is the mark that the trial will be measured
fromc) If the prosthetic device(s) lands outside the landing area,
it shall be counted as a failure and recorded as such.

b) If the prosthetic device(s) are lost during the process ofjumping and the mark where the prosthetic device(s) lands
is the closest mark to the take-off board in the landingarea, then that is the mark that the trial will be measured
fromc) If the prosthetic device(s) lands outside the landing area
(whether closer to or further from the take-off line than theclosest mark to the take-off board in the landing area), it
shall be counted as a failure and recorded as such.

Rule 28: Long Jump

Rule 28: Long Jump

The Competition

The Competition

1. An athlete fails if:

1. An athlete fails if:a) he while taking off (prior to the instant at which heceases contact with the take-off board
or ground), breaks the vertical plane of the take-off linewith any part of his take-off foot/shoe or prosthetic device,
whether running up without jumping or in the act of
jumping, or;a) he while taking off (at any time prior to the instant at
which he ceases contact with the take-off board or
ground), breaks the vertical plane of the take-off line withany front part of his take-off foot/shoe or prosthetic
device, whether running up without jumping or in the actof jumping, or;To add clarity.

Aligned with the August 2023
World Athletics Approved
Amendments.

Page

Rule

ActionCurrent

Amended Text (Red)

Rationale

Note: It will not be considered a failure, if the break of thevertical plane is made by a loose part of the shoe (e.g.
shoelace).
Rule 29: Triple Jump

Rule 29: Triple Jump

178

29.2

Amend
(Deleteand add)

2. The hop shall be made so that an athlete lands first on
the same foot as that from which he has taken off; in thestep he shall land on the other foot, from which,subsequently, the jump is performed.
It shall not be considered a failure if an athlete, while
jumping, touches the ground with the “sleeping” leg.

2. The hop shall be made so that an athlete lands first on
the same foot as that from which he has taken off; in thestep he shall land on the other foot, from which,subsequently, the jump is performed.
It shall not be considered a failure if, during a trial, an
athlete, while jumping, touches the ground with the“sleeping” leg.

Aligned with the August 2023
World Athletics Approved
Amendments.

179

29.4

Amend
(Add)

Take-off Line and Scratch Line

Take-off Line and Scratch Line

4. For WPA Recognised Competitions, there should be a
separate take-off board for men and women. For athletesin Sport Classes T45-47 it is recommended that the take-offline will normally be set at 11m for men and 9m for
women. For athletes in Sport Classes T11-13 it isrecommended that the scratch line shall be the following
distances:

4. For WPA Recognised Competitions, there should be a
separate take-off board for men and women. For athletesin Sport Classes T45-47 it is recommended that the take-offline will normally be set at 11m for men and 9m for
women. For athletes in Sport Classes T11-13 it isrecommended that the scratch line shall be the following
distances:

Add additional take-off line forwomen's event.

a)
Sport
Class
T11
a
minimum9m;b) Sport Classes T12 and T13 a minimum 11m.
Note: the exact distance from the scratch line to pit shallbe determined for each competition in consultation with
the Technical Delegate. For safety purposes, a different
scratch line can be used if approved by the TechnicalDelegate.

a) Sport Class T11 a minimum 9m for men and 7m for
women;

Rule 30: General Conditions

Rule 30: General Conditions

181

30.3

Amend
(Deleteand add)b) Sport Classes T12 and T13 a minimum 11m for men and9m for women.
Note: the exact distance from the scratch line to pit shallbe determined for each competition in consultation with
the Technical Delegate. For safety purposes, a different
scratch line can be used if approved by the TechnicalDelegate.

Implements

Implements

3. Except as provided below, all such implements shall be
provided by the LOC. The Technical Delegate(s) may, basedon the relevant Technical Regulations of each competition,

3. Except as provided below, all such implements shall be
provided by the LOC. The Technical Delegate(s) may, basedon the relevant Technical Regulations of each competition,

Aligned with the 22 May 2023
World Athletics Approved
Amendments

Page

Rule

ActionCurrent

Amended Text (Red)allow athletes to use their own implements or those
provided by a supplier, provided that such implements are
World Athletics certified or, those implements that are noton the World Athletics list of certifiable implements whichmust be measured, verified and marked as approved by
the LOC and approved by the Technical Delegate(s) before
being made available to all athletes for use in competition.
Such implements will not be accepted if the same model isalready on the list of those provided by the LOC. Unless theTechnical Delegate decides otherwise, not more than two
implements may be submitted by any athlete for any
throwing event in which he is competing.

allow athletes to use their own personal implements or
those provided by a supplier, provided that such
implements are World Athletics certified, checked or, those
implements that are not on the World Athletics list ofcertifiable implements which must be measured, verified
and marked as approved by the LOC and approved by theTechnical Delegate(s) before being before the competition
and made available to all athletes. for use in competition.
Such implements will not be accepted if the same model isalready on the list of those provided by the LOC. Unless theTechnical Delegate decides otherwise, not more than two
implements may be submitted by any athlete for any
throwing event in which he is competing.

Rationale

181

30.4

Amend
(Add)

4. No modification shall be made to any implements during
the competition.

4. No modification shall be made to any implements during
the competition. No spitting or application by other meansof human body fluids on any implement, is permitted.

Aligned with the August 2023
World Athletics Approved
Amendments.

182

30.5

Amend
Note

Assistance

Assistance

5.
[…]

5.
[…]

Aligned with the August 2023
World Athletics Approved
Amendments.

Note: If the Judges are aware, they shall direct any athlete
not complying with this rule to correct the situation. If theathlete does not, such trial(s) shall be a failure. If a trial iscompleted before the non-compliance is noticed, theReferee shall decide what action shall be taken. In all cases
considered serious enough, Rule 2.13.5 and Rule 8.2 may
also be applied.

Note: If the Judges are aware, they shall direct any athlete
not complying with this rule to correct the situation. If theathlete does not, such trial(s) shall be a failure. If a trial iscompleted before the non-compliance is noticed, theReferee shall decide what action shall be taken. It shallalso be judged as a failure, if a trial is completed before thenoncompliance is noticed. In all cases considered serious
enough, Rule 2.13.5 and Rule 8.2 8.1 may also be applied.

Trials[…]14.
[…]

Trials[…]14.
[…]b) After he has stepped into the circle and begun to make athrow, touches with any part of his body the top (or the top
inside edge) of the rim or the ground outside the circle;b) After he has stepped into the circle and begun to make athrow, touches with any part of his body the top (or the top
inside edge) of the rim or the ground outside the circle;

187

30.14

Amend
(Deleteand add)

Aligned with the August 2023
World Athletics Approved
Amendments.

Page

Rule

ActionCurrent

Amended Text (Red)

Note: However, it will not be considered a failure if thetouch is made without providing any propulsion and occurs
during any first rotation at a point completely behind thewhite line which is drawn outside the circle running,theoretically, through the centre of the circle.
[…]

Note: However, it will not be considered a failure if thetouch is made without providing any propulsion and occurs
during any first rotation at a point completely behind thewhite line which is drawn outside the circle running,theoretically, through the centre of the circle. Nor will it beconsidered a failure at any time, if the touch, including of
the top of the stopboard, or, in the case of Javelin Throw,
the throwing arc or lines marking the runway, is made by aloose part of the shoe (e.g. shoelace) or clothing, or if thetouch is made by any other item (e.g. cap) which was
attached to the body at the time of the start of throw andbecame detached during or after the throw.
[…]

COMMENT[…]The addition of the Note to Rule 30.14 (b) applies torotational techniques used by athletes in Shot Put andDiscus Throw. It should be interpreted that any “incidental”
touch of the top of the rim or the ground outside in respectof the back half of the circle during the first rotation should
not of itself be regarded as a failure. However, it is clearthat any technique which thereby obtains an advantage
through leverage or propulsion would constitute a failure.

188

30.16

Amend
(Deleteand add)

16. It shall be a failure if the shot, the discus, or the head of
the javelin in contacting the ground when it first lands
touches the sector line, the ground or any object (otherthan the cage as provided in the Note to Rule 30.14)
outside the sector line.

Rationale

COMMENT[…]The addition of the Note to Rule 30.14 (b) about the firstrotation applies to rotational techniques used by athletesin Shot Put and Discus Throw. It should be interpreted thatany “incidental” touch of the top of the rim or the groundoutside in respect of the back half of the circle during thefirst rotation should not of itself be regarded as a failure.
However, it is clear that any technique which thereby
obtains an advantage through leverage or propulsion
would constitute a failure. The other addition confirms thatthe intent of Rule 30.14 (b) is to respect the purpose of thecircle’s or runway’s limits so that the athlete complies byremaining in the circle or runway until they exit correctly. Itis, unless they overbalance, only the position of their feet /shoes which is critical. It is not relevant, if the top of theiron band or, in the case of Javelin Throw, the throwing arc
or lines marking the runway, the ground outside or the topof the stopboard is touched by a loose shoelace or the likeor for example a cap or piece of jewellery falling from theathlete’s body during the trial.
16. It shall be a failure if the shot, the discus, or the head of
the javelin in contacting the ground when it first lands
touches the sector line, the ground or any object (otherthan the cage as provided in the Note(ii) to Rule 30.14)
outside the sector line.

Aligned with the August 2023
World Athletics Approved
Amendments.

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192

192

Rule

31.4

31.4

Action

Amend
(Add)

Amend
(Add)

Current

Amended Text (Red)

Rule 31: Shot Put

Rule 31: Shot Put

Shot

Shot

4. The shot shall be of solid iron, brass or any metal notsofter than brass, or a shell of such metal filled with lead orother solid material. It shall be spherical in shape and its
surface finish shall be smooth.

4. The shot shall be of solid iron, brass or any metal notsofter than brass, or a shell of such metal filled with lead orother solid material. It shall be spherical in shape and its
surface finish shall be smooth. There shall be no loose
parts.

4.
[..]
Information for manufacturers: to be smooth, the surface
average height must be less than 1.6μm, i.e., a roughness
number N7 or less.

4.
[..]
Information for manufacturers: to be smooth, the surface
average height must be less than or equal to 1.6μm, i.e., aroughness number N7 or less.

Rule 32: Discus Throw
194

199

32.1

32.6

Rationale

Aligned with the August 2023
World Athletics Approved
Amendments.

Aligned with the December
2023 World Athletics Approved
Amendments.

Rule 32: Discus Throw

Amend
(Add)

DiscusDiscus

1. The body of the discus may be solid or hollow and shallbe made of wood, or other suitable material, with a metalrim, the edge of which shall be circular. The cross section of
the edge shall be rounded in a true circle having a radius ofapproximately 6mm. There may be circular plates set flush
into the centre of the sides.
Alternatively, the discus may be made without metal
plates, provided that the equivalent area is flat and themeasurements and total weight of the implement
correspond to the specifications.

1. The body of the discus may be solid or hollow and shallbe made of wood, or other suitable material, with a metalrim, the edge of which shall be circular. The cross section of
the edge shall be rounded in a true circle having a radius ofapproximately 6mm. There may be circular plates set flush
into the centre of the sides. The plates shall be tightly fixedand not able to be rotated. Alternatively, the discus may bemade without metal plates, provided that the equivalentarea is flat and the measurements and total weight of theimplement correspond to the specifications. There shall be
no loose parts.

Amend
(Add)

Discus Cage[…]

Discus Cage[…]

6. The netting for the cage can be made from suitable
natural or synthetic fibre cord or, alternatively, from mildor high tensile steel wire. The maximum mesh size shall be
44mm for cord netting and 50mm for steel wire.

6. The netting for the cage can be made from suitable
natural or synthetic fibre cord or, alternatively, from mildor high tensile steel wire. The maximum mesh size shall be
44mm for cord netting and 50mm for steel wire. The
measurement of the mesh cord centres shall be a
maximum of 45mm for cord netting and 50mm for steel
wire netting.

Aligned with the August 2023
World Athletics Approved
Amendments.

Aligned with the August 2023
World Athletics Approved
Amendments.

Page

Rule

ActionCurrent

Amended Text (Red)

Rule 33: Javelin Throw

Rule 33: Javelin Throw

Rationale

204

33.5

Amend
(Add newNote)

Javelin[…]5. The shaft shall have fixed to it a metal head terminating
in a sharp point. The head shall be constructed completelyof metal. It may contain a reinforced tip of other metalalloy welded on to the front end of the head provided thatthe completed head is smooth and uniform along thewhole of its surface. The angle of tip shall not exceed 40
degrees.

Javelin[…]5. The shaft shall have fixed to it a metal head terminating
in a sharp point. The head shall be constructed completelyof metal. It may contain a reinforced tip of other metalalloy welded on to the front end of the head provided thatthe completed head is smooth and uniform along thewhole of its surface. The angle of tip shall not exceed 40
degrees.
Note: The metal head up to 3mm from the tip may bedisregarded for the angle of the point, when theconstruction of the tip is made with safety measures
implemented.

Aligned with the August 2023
World Athletics Approved
Amendments.

204

33.6

Amend
(Add)

6. The cord grip, which shall cover the centre of gravity,
shall not exceed the diameter of the shaft by more than
8mm. It may have a regular nonslip pattern surface but
without thongs, notches or indentations of any kind. The
grip shall be of uniform thickness.

6. The cord grip, which shall cover the centre of gravity,
shall not exceed the average diameter of the shaft by morethan 8mm. It may have a regular nonslip pattern surface
but without thongs, notches or indentations of any kind.
The grip shall be of uniform thickness.

Aligned with the 22 May 2023
World Athletics Approved
Amendments

204

33.7

Amend
(Delete)7. … From the grip, the javelin shall taper regularly to thetip at the front and the tail at the rear. The longitudinal
profile from the grip to the front tip and to the tail shall bestraight or slightly convex (see Note (ii)), and there shall be
no abrupt alteration in the overall diameter, except
immediately behind the head and at the front and rear of
the grip, throughout the length of the javelin. At the rear of
the head, the reduction in the diameter may not exceed
2.5mm and this departure from the longitudinal profile
requirement may not extend more than 0.3m behind thehead.

7. … From the grip, the javelin shall taper regularly to thetip at the front and the tail at the rear. The longitudinal
profile from the grip to the front tip and to the tail shall bestraight or slightly convex (see Note (ii)), and there shall be
no abrupt alteration in the overall diameter, except
immediately behind the head and at the front and rear of
the grip, throughout the length of the javelin. At the rear of
the head, the reduction in the diameter may not exceed
2.5mm and this departure from the longitudinal profile
requirement may not extend more than 0.3m behind thehead.

Aligned with the August 2023
World Athletics Approved
Amendments.

205

33.8

Amend
Table

700g
L0: 2300–2400mm
L1: 860–1000mm
L2: 1300–1540mm
L3: 250–330mm
L4: 150–160mm
D0: 23–28mm

700g
L0: 2300–2400-2500mm
L1: 860–1000 850-990mm
L2: 1300–1540 1410-1650mm
L3: 250–330mm
L4: 150–160mm
D0: 23–28mm

Aligned with the August 2023
World Athletics Approved
Amendments.

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214

216

218

229

Rule

35.1(e)35.4

36.1b)

42.6
Note iii

Action

Amend
(Add)

Amend
(Add)

Amend
(Add)

Amend
(delete)Current

Amended Text (Red)

Rule 35: Seated Throwing Requirements

Rule 35: Seated Throwing Requirementse) […]e) […]

Note (ii): The vertical bar may have layers of tape and/or
any other suitable material to provide a better grip. The
thickness of the tape or other alternative material must
not result in any unfair advantage exceeding athlete's
physical prowess.

Note (ii): The vertical bar may have layers of tape and/or
any other suitable material to provide a better grip. The
thickness of the tape or other alternative material must
not result in any unfair advantage exceeding the athlete's
physical prowess. Any tape on the vertical bar must be
uniform except for incidental overlapping and must not
result in any sudden change in diameter, such as thecreation of any ring on the vertical bar. Only regular taping
in accordance with the rule is allowed on the vertical bar –rings, loops and the like are not permitted.

4. Positioning of the Throwing Frame
When positioning and securing the throwing frame inside
the competition area all parts of the throwing frame,vertical bar and footplates must remain inside the verticalplane of the rim of the circle throughout the trial.

4. Positioning of the Throwing Frame
When positioning and securing the throwing frame inside
the competition area all parts of the throwing frame,vertical bar and footplates must remain inside the verticalplane of the rim of the circle throughout the trial. Personal
strapping securing the athlete to the throwing frame is notconsidered to be part of the throwing frame for the
purposes of this rule.

Rule 36: Seated Throwing Technique, Lifting and Failure

Rule 36: Seated Throwing Technique, Lifting and Failure

1. In Seated Throw Events, all athletes (Sport Classes F3134, F51-57) shall throw implements from a Throwing
Frame in a seated position. The seated position is defined
as follows:[…]

1. In Seated Throw Events, all athletes (Sport Classes F3134, F51-57) shall throw implements from a Throwing
Frame in a seated position. The seated position is defined
as follows:[…]b) This sitting position must be maintained throughout thethrowing action until the implement has landed. Strapping
across the upper thighs and or pelvis is encouraged.

b) This sitting position must be maintained throughout thethrowing action until the implement has landed. Strapping
across the upper thighs and or pelvis is encouraged.
Strapping must be only to the frame with non-elastic
material.

Rule 42: Start and Finish on the Oval Track

Rule 42: Start and Finish on the Oval Track

Note (iii) For races running in lanes, athletes in SportClasses 11 and 12, if accompanied by a guide-runner, shallhave two lanes available.

Note (iii) For races running in lanes, athletes in SportClasses 11 and 12, if accompanied by a guide-runner, shallhave two lanes available.

RationaleTo ensure that athletes do notreceive an unfair advantage asa result of tape on the verticalbar.

To clarify that an athlete’s
personal strapping, whilst
attached to the throwing
frame, may extend beyond thecircumference of the circle.

To add clarity and to ensure
correct interpretation of therule.

For consistency.

Page

230

Rule

43.1

Action

Amend
(Add)

Current

Amended Text (Red)

Rule 43: Seeding, Draws and Qualification in Track Event

Rule 43: Seeding, Draws and Qualification in Track Event

Rounds and Heats

Rounds and Heats

1. In indoor competitions, the following tables shall, in theabsence of extraordinary circumstances, be used todetermine the number of rounds and the number of heats
in each round to be held and the qualification procedure,i.e., those to advance by place (P) and time (T), for eachround of Track Events.

1. In indoor competitions, the following tables shall, in theabsence of extraordinary circumstances, be used todetermine the number of rounds and the number of heats
in each round to be held and the qualification procedure,i.e., those to advance by place (P) and time (T), for eachround of Track Events.

Rationale

Aligned with the August 2023
World Athletics Approved
Amendments.

Note: The applicable regulations may specify, following
consultation with the Technical Delegate(s) whereappointed, how vacant positions due to withdrawals insemi-finals and finals may be filled by the next ranked
athlete(s) following the previous round after thosequalified.

237

239

240

48.7

49.4

49.5
note (iv)

Amend
(Add)

Amend
(Add)

Amend
(Add)

Rule 48: Shot Put

Rule 48: Shot Put

7.
[…]
Information for manufacturers: to be smooth, the surface
average height must be less than 1.6μm, i.e., a roughness
number N7 or less.

7.
[…]
Information for manufacturers: to be smooth, the surface
average height must be less than or equal to 1.6μm, i.e., aroughness number N7 or less.

Rule 49: Road Races

Rule 49: Road Races

Course[…]Course[…]4. The distance in kilometres on the route shall be
displayed to all athletes.

4. The distance in kilometres on the route shall be
displayed to all athletes. The distance in miles may also be
displayed in addition to the distance in kilometres. Where
wheelchair athletes are competing in a race, the maximum
height of the intermediate distance signs shall not exceed 1
metre.

Note (iv): The seeding grid for each Sports Class
event/division should position the #1 seeded athlete at thecentre position in the front row of the grid with #2 and #3
placed on their right and left, #4 and #5 on their right andleft and so on (See Figure 25).

Note (iv): The seeding grid for each Sports Class
event/division should position the #1 seeded athlete at thecentre position in the front row of the grid with #2 and #3
placed on their immediate right and left respectively, and#45 and #54 on their outside right and left respectively andAligned with the December
2023 World Athletics Approved
Amendments.

To permit distance markers todisplayed in miles as well as(but not instead of) kilometres.

For clarification.

Page

Rule

ActionCurrent

Amended Text (Red)

Rationale

so on (See Figure 25).
246

247

49.16

50.3

Amend

Amend
(Add
Note)

Obstruction

Obstruction

16. The provisions of Rules 18.2, 18.3 and 18.4 shall apply
to Road Races.

16. The provisions of Rules 18.2 18.1, 18.3 and 18.4 shallapply to Road Races.

Rule 50: Protests and Appeals

Rule 50: Protests and Appeals

Protests

Protests[…][…]

Aligned with the August 2023
World Athletics Approved
Amendments.

Aligned with the August 2023
World Athletics Approved
Amendments.

Note: The International Photo Finish Judge, whereappointed, should act on behalf of the Road Race Event
Referee regarding protests about the placing of athletes.

248

50.4.(a)Amend(Deleteand add)

4. In a Track Event

4. In a Track Eventa) if an athlete makes an immediate oral protest against
having been charged with a false start, the Start Referee(or if one is not appointed, the relevant Track Referee)may, if he is in any doubt, allow the athlete to compete“under protest” in order to preserve the rights of allconcerned. Competing “under protest” shall not be allowed
if the false start was detected by a World Athletics
approved Start Information System; unless for any reason
the Referee determines that the information provided by
the system is obviously inaccurate.
[…]a) if an athlete makes an immediate oral protest against
having been charged with a false start, the Start Referee(or if one is not appointed, the relevant Track Referee)may, if he is they are in any doubt, allow the athlete tocompete “under protest” in order to preserve the rights of
all concerned. Competing “under protest” shall not (subject
to the Comment below) be allowed if the false start was
detected by a World Athletics approved Start Information
System; unless for any reason the Referee determines thatthe information provided by the system is obviously
inaccurate.
[…]
COMMENT: When the Start Referee decides on an
immediate oral protest made by an athlete for being
charged with a false start, he has to consider all theavailable data and in case of only a reasonable possibility
that the athlete’s protest may be valid, he should allow theathlete to compete under protest. After the race, a final
decision must be taken by the Referee, a decision that may
be subject of an appeal to the Jury. But to be clear, The

COMMENT: When the Start Referee decides on an
immediate oral protest made by an athlete for being
charged with a false start, he has to consider all theavailable data and in case of only a reasonable possibility
that the athlete’s protest may be valid, he should allow theathlete to compete under protest. After the race, a final
decision must be taken by the Referee, a decision that may
be subject of an appeal to the Jury. But to be clear, theAligned with the 22 May 2023
World Athletics Approved
Amendments

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248

Rule

50.4.(a)ActionAmend(Deleteand add)

Current

Amended Text (Red)

Referee should not allow an athlete to compete underprotest if the false start has been detected by a Start
Information System that appears to be working properly orin cases where it is very clear by visual observation that theathlete has committed a false start and there is no valid
reason to allow the protest.

Referee should not normally allow an athlete to compete
under protest if the false start has been detected by a Start
Information System that appears to be working properly orin cases where it is very clear by visual observation that theathlete has committed a false start and there is no valid
reason to allow the protest. However, it is acknowledgedthat when the reaction time is close to the allowed limit,
any movement could be hardly visible. In this case if, in theopinion of the Start Referee, it would require further studyof the technological evidence, the Start Referee may decideto allow the athlete to run under protest to preserve therights of all concerned.

4. In a Track Event

4. In a Track Eventa) … unless for any reason the Referee determines that the
information provided by the system is obviously inaccurate.

a) … unless for any reason the Referee determines that the
information provided by the system is obviously inaccurate.
If an athlete is allowed to compete under protest, a red
and white (diagonally halved) card shall be raised in frontof the athlete.

b) a protest may be based on the failure of the Starter torecall a false start or, under Rule 17.5 to abort a start. The
protest may be made only by, or on behalf of, an athlete
who has completed the race. If such a protest is upheld, […]Note: This Rule may also be applied by the Referee, theJury of Appeal in other circumstances where it is deemed
appropriate (see Rule 18.2).
[…]

256

51.17

Amend
(Deleteand add)

Rationale

Aligned with the August 2023
World Athletics Approved
Amendments.

b) a protest may be based on the failure of the Starter torecall a false start or, under Rule 17.5 to abort a start. The
protest may be made only by, or on behalf of, an athlete
who should normally have has completed the race withbona fide effort. If such a protest is upheld, […]Note: This Rule may also be applied by the Referee, theJury of Appeal in other circumstances where it is deemed
appropriate (see Rule 18.2 18.1).

Rule 51: World and Regional Records

Rule 51: World and Regional Records

17. For Records in Track (Running and Wheelchair Racing)
Events

17. For Records in Track (Running and Wheelchair Racing)
Eventsd) No performance will be ratified where the athlete has
infringed Rule 18.5 unless, in cases covered in Rules 18.6(c)and 18.6(d), it is the first infringement in the event.

d) No performance will be ratified where the athlete has
infringed Rule 18.5 unless except,(i) in cases covered in Rule 18.5(b), or

COMMENT: The amendment to Rule 18.6 means for World
Record ratification that if an athlete or relay team achievesa record time and, in that race, that athlete (or any athlete(ii) in cases covered in Rules 18.6.(c) 18.5.(c) and 18.6.(d)18.5.(d) if it is the first infringement in the event.

Aligned with the August 2023
World Athletics Approved
Amendments.

Page

258

260

Rule

51.22

52.1
52.2

Action

Amend
(add)

Amend
(Deleteand add)

Current

Amended Text (Red)in the relay team) made a single infringement under Rules
18.6(c) or 18.6(d), and in the case of an event with morethan one round, it was the first infringement in the event,
the record may stand. If the athlete or relay team achievesa record time and, in that race, an infringement occurred
more than once or the athlete or relay team carried oversuch infringement from a previous round of the same
event, the record cannot be ratified.

COMMENT: The amendment to Rule 18.6 18.5 means forWorld Record ratification that if an athlete or relay teamachieves a record time and, in that race, that athlete (orany athlete in the relay team) made a single infringement
under Rules 18.6(c) 18.5(c) or 18.6(d) 18.5(d), and in thecase of an event with more than one round, it was the first
infringement in the event, the record may stand. If theathlete or relay team achieves a record time and, in that
race, an infringement occurred more than once or theathlete or relay team carried over such infringement froma previous round of the same event, the record cannot be
ratified.

Events for which Records are Recognised[…]

Events for which Records are Recognised
[…]

Men
[…]

Men
[…]

Road Races
F.A.T. or H.T. or T.T: 10km, Half Marathon, Marathon[…]

Road Races
F.A.T. or H.T. or T.T: 5km, 10km, Half Marathon, Marathon
[…]

Women
[…]

Women
[…]

Road Races
F.A.T. or H.T. or T.T: 10km, Half Marathon, Marathon[…]

Road Races
F.A.T. or H.T. or T.T: 5km, 10km, Half Marathon, Marathon[…]

Rule 52: Awarding Medals and Diplomas

Rule 52: Awarding Medals and Diplomas

1. At WPA Recognised Competitions only finalists are
eligible for medals.

1. At WPA Recognised Competitions only finalists are
eligible for medals.

In relay events, the four (4) athletes and guide-runner(s) ofeach team entitled to a medal who competed in the final
shall mount the Victory Ceremony podium. Other athletes
and guide-runner(s) in accordance with Rule 23.10 who

In relay events, the four (4) athletes and guide-runner(s) ofeach team entitled to a medal who competed in the final
shall mount the Victory Ceremony podium. Other athletes
and guide-runner(s) in accordance with Rule 23.10 who

Rationale

To recognise 5km as an eventon the road for which World
Records will be recognised.

To clarify that all athletes whoare eligible to receive a medal,
may receive their medal on the
Victory Ceremony podium (atWPA and the LOC’s discretion).

Page

Rule

ActionCurrent

Amended Text (Red)competed for any of these teams in the Competition willsubsequently receive their medals.

competed for any of these teams in the competition willsubsequently may either receive their medals on the
Victory Ceremony podium or subsequently, at thediscretion of WPA and the relevant LOC.

2.
[…]b) in relay events, the guide-runner(s) accompanying the
medal winning athlete(s) in the final shall mount theVictory Ceremony podium and receive a medal.
Note: The athletes and guide-runners of the winningteams, who competed in any previous rounds of thecompetition, shall subsequently receive their medals.

2.
[…]b) in relay events, the guide-runner(s) accompanying the
medal winning athlete(s) in the final shall mount theVictory Ceremony podium and receive a medal.
Note: The athletes and guide-runners of the winningteams, who competed in any previous rounds of thecompetition, shall subsequently receive their medals may
receive their medals on the Victory Ceremony podium or
subsequently, at the discretion of WPA and the relevant
LOC.

Rationale

Appendix 1
Bib Allocation Table
Track Events

Ambulant
Athletes

Field Throwing Events

1 bib on back and1 bib on back and1 bib on breast

1 bib on breast
1 bib on back of throwing frame

Seated Throws

and1 bib on breast
1 bib on back of the racing chair

Wheelchair
RacingOptional:
1 helmet number and/or
1 bib on side of the frameand 1 bib on the athlete’s helmet
1 bib on back of the athlete
Optional:

Frame
Running

1 helmet number and/or
1 bib on side of the frameand 1 bib on the athlete’s
helmet or on the side of frame

Jumping Events

1 bib on breast or back

Appendix 2

New Lane Allocations Table
LANE DRAW (based on
ranking procedure)

1st DRAW

2nd DRAW

3rd DRAW

100m

3, 4, 5 & 6

2&7

1&8

200m

5, 6 & 7

3, 4 & 8

1&2

400m & Relays (up to /including 4 x 400m) and
800m

4, 5, 6 & 7

3&8

1&2

VI LANE DRAW (based on
ranking procedure)

1st DRAW

2nd DRAW

3rd DRAWALL RACES

3/4 & 5/6

7/8

1/2