Japanese experience ofTotal Maximum Daily loads (TMDLs)
application in Hyogo Prefecture

Seto Inland Sea (Harima-nada, 2017.2）
Shinji Takahara
Deputy Director, Water & Air Quality Control Div.
Environmental Management Bureau
Hyogo Prefectural Government, Japan1

Hyogo Prefecture,
Japan

2

3

Hyogoprefecture
government

Japan consists of
47 prefectures
Kobe

Hyogo prefecture consists of4
41 municipalities

Profile of Hyogo Prefecture
 Area：8,400.94km2
 Population：5,503 thousand people
 Population density：655 men/km2
 Private business establishment：214,169
 Shipment value of products：15,105 billion yen/ year Per capita income of prefectural citizen：2,752 thousand yen/ year University advancement rate:60.7％
 Average temperature (Kobe)：16.8℃
 Annual amount of precipitation：1,196mm（Kobe）


5

6

7

Organization of Hyogo Prefecture Government
Hyogo Prefecture Assembly

Governor

Secretariat

Vice Governor

Special Advisor to the Governor

Civil Policy Planning &Administration
Department

Agricultural &Environmental
Affairs Department

Superintendent of Emergency Management

Industry, Employment,
and International Affairs
Department

Health &WelfareDepartment

Public Works &Development
Department

Policy Planning &Coordination Bureau

Agriculture, Forestry& Fisheries Bureau

Environment
Development Bureau

Environment
Management Bureau

Environmental
Assessment Office

Global Warming
Solutions Division

Environmental
Improvement Division

Water & Air Quality
Control Division8

Japanese experience of TMDLs applicationin Hyogo Prefecture
1 Legislative System for the Protection of the Water
Environment
2 Outline of Areawide Total Pollutant Load Control System① Basic Policy for Reduction of Total Pollutant Load
（Nation）② Plans for Reduction of Total Pollutant Load
（Prefecture）③ Total Pollutant load Regulating Standards “C value”（Nation, Prefecture）
9

Japanese experience of TMDLs application in Hyogo
prefecture
3 Basic Policy for Reduction of Total Pollutant Load
（Nation）① The 6th Basic Policy② Matters considered toward the Basic Policy
4 Plans for Reduction of Total Pollutant Load （Prefecture）① Target amount of reduction①-1 Calculation of Target amount of reduction② Project implementation③ Guidance for reducing Pollutant Load of Effluents
10

Japanese experience of TMDLs applicationin Hyogo Prefecture
5 Total Pollutant Load Control（Nation, Prefecture）① Calculation of Total Pollutant Load RegulatingStandards in factories and business establishments①-1 Basic method of calculation①-2 Case of Textile dyeing factory①-3 Case of Metallic goods factory② Settling procedure of Total Pollutant load
Regulating Standards （Nation）③ Settling procedure of Ｃ value （Prefecture）③-1 The 1st TMDL（COD)③-2 The 6st TMDL（COD, N, P)
11

Japanese experience of TMDLs applicationin Hyogo Prefecture
6 Water Pollution Control Law2 (measure and log etc.)
7 Effluent Standards① National Effluent Standards② Stringent Effluent Standards (Hyogo Prefecture)
8 Water Pollution Control Law3 (on-site inspection)

12

１ Legislative System for the Protection of the Water
Environment

Conservation of Water Quality
Conservation of Water Quality in Public Water Resources-Basic Environment Law (1993)

Common Measures –Water Pollution Control Law (1970)
Special Measures in Enclosed Water Bodies
Lakes and Reservoirs –Law Concerning Special Measures
for the Preservation of Lake Water Quality (1984)

Enclosed Oceans –Water Pollution Control Law
Seto Inland Sea - Interim Law for Conservationof the Environment of the Seto Inland Sea (1973)

Law Concerning Special Measures forConservation of the Environment of
the Seto Inland Sea (revised 1978 )Ariake Sea / Yatsushiro Sea–Law for Restoration of the Ariake and Yatsushiro Seas (2002)

Conservation of Groundwater –Water Pollution Control Law
Conservation of Soil Environment –Soil Pollution Control Law (2002)
Countermeasures Against Dioxins– Law Concerning Special Measures Against Dioxins (1999)

13

Water Pollution Control Law1 (installation of specified facility)
Report installation or change of construction, etc. of specified facility
Inspect documents

Effluent standards

not meet
Order change of plan

Area wide total pollutant
load control standard

meet

not meetmeet

Order prior measures

Toxins containedin specified water
infiltrate into groundwater
yesnoOrder change of plan

Installation or change of construction, etc. of specified facility

Violation of orderSpecified facility

Penalty

Facility inSpecified area

14Specified Factory & Specified Facility in Water Pollution Control Law
Specified Factory
Factories or establishments which have the specified facilities

Specified Facility
Facilities which discharge polluted water or wastewater meeting
either of the following conditions, and which are to be specified by Cabinet Order(1) Containing cadmium or other substances to be specified by Cabinet Orderas substances which may cause harmful damage

to human health(2) Being of a degree, that may cause damage to the living
environment, as COD and other substances,
to be specified by Cabinet Order as showing the condition of water pollution(including thermal pollution,15
but excluding pollution by the substances as referred to by (1)).

Example of Specified facility• Mining industry… facility for coal wash
• Beverage manufacturing industry… facility for bottle washing… facility for processing, squeezing, filtrating,boiling or distilling raw material,• Photographic developing industry… automatic facility for film processing or film washing• Facility for surface processing by acid or alkali• Facility for electroplated coating• Human-waste treatment plant• Sewage-treatment plant16

Around 1970s
The level of achievement of EQSs for water pollution remains low
in enclosed saltwater bodies, in comparison with other sea areas.
This is especially true of enclosed bays, inland seas, and the like inspecified areas with major pollution sources.
Additionally, eutrophication is seen to be progressing as
substances containing nitrogen and phosphorus flow into these water
bodies.
Additionally, red tides are frequent in Tokyo Bay, Ise Bay, Seto
Inland Sea, and elsewhere, and blue tides have been observed in Tokyo
Bay and elsewhere.
In order to deal with this situation, even greater effort is needed toprotect the water quality of enclosed sea and coastal areas.
17[Column]

Insufficiency of Nitrogen & Phosphorus forfishery resources in Seto Inland Sea ?

18

Total Nitrogen concentration(mg/L)
0.4

Environmental
Quality Standard
class Ⅱ

0.35
0.3

[Column]cont’d

0.25
0.2
0.15

Environmental Quality
Standard class Ⅰ

0.1

大阪湾（ハ）５地点平均※
Osaka Bay 5 poinｔs average

0.05

Harima nada 5 poinｔs average
播磨海域（ニ）５地点平均
2016

2015

2014

2013

2012

2011

2010

2009

2008

2007

2006

2005

2004

2003

2002

2001

2000

1999

1998

1997

0

Nutｒition19

出典: 多田邦尚教授（香川大学瀬戸内海圏研究センター長）

N, P

[Column] cont’d20

２ Outline of Areawide Total Pollutant Load Control System
Law
Goal
T
A
R
G
E
T

RegionItem

Water Pollution Control Law (revised in 1978)
to meet Environmental Quality Standards
for Water Pollution
in large enclosed water bodies
Specified Water Area
(Tokyo Bay, Ise Bay, and the Seto Inland Sea)
COD (since 1979),
Nitrogen, Phosphorus (since 2001)

Total load reduction of COD in Seto Inland sea is regulated by Law Concerning
Special Measures for Conservation of the Environment of the Seto Inland Sea.
National Diet members submitted a bill for the law after people in the region had
21
appealed for damage of fish catch caused by red tide, which was later enacted in Oct., 1973.

Specified Water Area and Specified Regions
Ise Bay

Tokyo Bay- - - Pref. Border___ Border of affected area

Seto Inland Sea
この画像は表示できません。

22
22

Mechanism of the Total Pollutant Load Control System
２①，３Basic Policy for Areawide Total Pollutant Load Control• Minister of the environment formulates a basic policy
for each specified body of water•The policy includes quantitative reduction targets

２②，４

Plans for Reduction of Total Pollutant Load
•The governor of each prefecture makes a planand submits it to Minister of the environment for approval•The plan includes the pollutant load reduction target
for each pollution source and means for achieving the target

２③，４，５
Regulation of Pollutant Load ThroughTotal Pollutant Load Control Standards•Factories and other commercial facilities
with effluent volumes of 50m3/day ormore are obligated to comply•Obligation to measure pollutantload(concentration ×effluent volume)４

４

Guidance for Reducing
Project Implementation
Pollutant Load of Effluents, •Improvement ofsewerage and johkasou
etc.
•Small commercial facilities
systems•Livestock, fish farming,•Advances in household
agriculture
wastewater treatment
23•Households, etc.
•Others

2 ① Basic Policy
for Reduction of Total Pollutant Load
By minister of theenvironmenta. In this policy, the reduction target volume, the target year
and other fundamental matters relating to the reduction of thepollutant load shall be set forth.
b. In this case, the maximum possible reduction of the total
quantity of the pollutant load should be attempted withconsideration given to population and industrial trends, thelevel of sewage and wastewater treatment technology,
prospects for construction of sewers, etc., in the specified
region concerned.

As for b., the estimated load is calculated by each prefectural
government through the central government’s survey.

24

Every five years, the Minister of the Environment sets thepollutant load reduction targets for each specified water area, andthe target year by which they are to be met.
Regulations in accordance with the total pollutant load control
standards are the core of load-reducing measures based on the
areawide total pollutant load reduction plan.
Smaller factories and business establishments which are
not controlled by the water pollution control law arerequested, through administrative reduction guidance, to makevoluntary efforts to reduce their pollutant loads.

25

2 ② Plans for Reduction of Total Pollutant Load
By governor of the prefecture
The matters stipulated in the plan
(1) The target amount of reduction in pollutant load for eachpollution source

Hyogo
Prefecture
Domestic

COD

Industrial
others

Total
Domestic

NitrogenIndustrial
others

Total
Domestic

Phosphorus

Industrial
othersTotal

The 8th plan(2019FY)(2004FY).
The 7th plan
Actual amount

Osaka
Bay

19
16
7
42
19
14
19
52
1.6
0.5
0.7
2.8

8
4
2
14
11
2
4
17
0.6
0.2
0.1
0.9

Osaka
Bay

24
19
7
50
20
13
19
52
1.5
0.7
0.6
2.8

11
6
2
19
11
3
4
18
0.7
0.3
0.1
1.1

Osaka
Bay

20
16
7
43
18
12
18
48
1.3
0.5
0.5
2.3

9
4
2
15
10
2
4
16
0.6
0.2
0.1
0.9

(tons/
day)26

2 ② Plans for Reduction of Total Pollutant Load
By governor of the prefecture(2) The means for achieving the target volume of reduction→ measures forHousehold effluents (sewage, agricultural village treatment
facilities, johkasou),Industrial effluents (total pollutant load control standards,
stringent effluent standards, reduction guidance for small
factories and business establishments),
Other source of load (agriculture, livestock industries, fish
farming)(3) Other necessary mattersrelated to the reduction in the total amount of the pollution→ Toward the restoration of the rich and beautiful Seto InlandSea, Hyogo Prefecture promote conservation/restoration ofseaweed beds/tidal flats and control of operation for richnutrient effluent in sewage facilities, etc..
27

2 ③ Total Pollutant load Regulating Standards“C value”
Load (kg/day)= Concentration×Quantity of specified effluent ×10-3(mg/l)(m3/day)

The upper & lower limits of the Concentration for each industrial
category are decided by the Ministry of Environment.
The industrial categories➢ The 1 st Total Pollutant load Regulating Standards = 217➢ After the 4 th = 232
The Concentration (C value) is specified by governors ofprefectures between the upper and lower limits.

28

2 ③ Total Pollutant load Regulating Standards“C value”
Load (kg/day)= Concentration×Quantity of specified effluent ×10-3(mg/l)(m3/day)

The governors of prefectures, any part of which is within aSpecified Region shall establish total load regulation standards on
the basis of the plan for Reduction of Total Pollutant load, in respectof the Pollutant load of Effluents discharged from "Specified Factories
within Specified Region".
The standards shall, in respect of the Specified Factories within aSpecified Region, be the maximum permissible level determined forthe pollutant load of the effluents discharged from the specified
factories(with effluent volumes of 50 m3/day or more) within the29
Region.

Every five years, the Minister of the Environment
formulates Basic Policy for Areawide Total Pollutant Load
Control.
At the policy settled, each governor of prefectures makes
the Plan for Reduction of Total Pollutant Load, and implement
the Regulation of Pollutant Load Control Standards.
From the 1st to 4th, COD was the only substance, but from the
5th, Nitrogen and Phosphorus were added to improve COD
concentration and prevent eutrophication.
Basic Plan settled

Target Year (FY)

Application date of Totalload Control standards

Target substances

1stJune., 1979

1984

July 1, 1980

ＣＯＤ

2nd

Jan., 1987

1989

July 1, 1987

ＣＯＤ

3rd

Jan., 1991

1994

July 1, 1991

ＣＯＤ

4th

April., 1996

1999

Sept. 1, 1996

ＣＯＤ

5th

Dec., 2001

2004

Oct. 1, 2002

6th

Nov., 20062009

Sept., 1, 2007

7th

June, 20112014

May 1, 20128th

Sept., 20162019

Same as above

ＣＯＤ、Nitorogen,
Phosphorus
ＣＯＤ、Nitorogen,
Phosphorus
ＣＯＤ、Nitorogen,
Phosphorus
ＣＯＤ、Nitorogen, 30
Phosphorus

3 Basic Policy for Reduction of Total Pollutant Load
① Basic Policy （The sixth, Target year: 2009)
１ Target amount of reduction (ton/day)
２ Target year
2009FY
COD
Targetvolumeafter
reduction

Nitrogencf.
volume in2004 FY

Targetvolumeafter
reduction

Phosphorus

cf.
volume in2004 FY

Targetvolumeafter
reduction

cf.
volume in2004 FY

Householdeffluents

237

261

152

159

11.6

12.4

Industrial
effluents

247

245

116

117

7.7

8.0

Other Source

53

55

197

200

10.2

10.2

Total

537

561

465

476

29.5

30.6
31

3 Basic Policy for Reduction of Total Pollutant Load
① Basic Policy （The sixth, Target year: 2009)
１ Target amount of reduction (ton/day)
２ Target year
2009FY
COD
Targetvolumeafter
reduction

Nitrogencf.
volume in2004 FY

Targetvolumeafter
reduction

Phosphorus

cf.
volume in2004 FY

Targetvolumeafter
reduction

cf.
volume in2004 FY

Kyoto Pref.

20

20

17

17

1.2

1.2

Osaka Pref.

76

83

67

71

4.3

4.8

Hyogo Pref.

56

61

59

61

3.1

3.3

・
・
・
Total

537

561

465

476

29.5

30.6
32

３ Basic Policy for Reduction of Total Pollutant Load
３－① Basic Policy （The sixth, Target year: 2009)
３ Means of achieving the target➣Osaka Bay
Promote next countermeasures, targeting more
improvement of water environment➣Seto Inland sea except Osaka Bay
Promote next countermeasures, stopping degradation ofwater quality for COD, keeping water quality of Nitrogen& Phosphorus(1) Promotion of planned countermeasures for household
effluents such as sewage, johkasou, agricultural village
wastewater treatment facilities etc., high grade treatment
and proper maintenance of treatment facilities, depending
33
on the regional situation in practice.

3 Basic Policy for Reduction of Total Pollutant Load
① Basic Policy （The sixth, Target year: 2009)
３(2) Formulate proper Area wide total pollutant load control
standards against factories and business establishments,
considering their actions and difficulty of pollutant
reduction, cost/benefit, and seasonal change of water
treatment ratio.
(3) Promote eco-friendly agriculture, proper treatment ofwaste from livestock, improvement of fish farming groundand joint treatment of sewage and rain water.
Implement load reduction guidance and regulate effluentsby stringent standards against small factories and businessestablishments.
34

3 ② Matters considered toward the Basic Policy（The sixth, Target year: 2009) －１
１ 水質総量削減の実施状況
a 汚濁負荷量の状況（COD、窒素、りん）b 汚濁負荷削減対策の実施状況（生活系、産業系、その他系）
c 汚濁負荷削減以外の対策の実施状況
２ 指定水域における水環境の状況
a 水質濃度の現状と変遷
b 環境基準の達成状況
c 障害の状況（赤潮、貧酸素水塊）
d 藻場・干潟の状況
e 栄養塩類の状況
35

3総量削減基本方針策定に至る検討事項２② Matters considered toward the Basic Policy（The sixth, Target year: 2009) －２
３ 指定水域の水環境の分析（水質汚濁のメカニズム）
３－１ 指定水域の水質汚濁に影響を与える要因
汚濁負荷、内部生産、底泥からの溶出、干潟における水質浄化、漁獲による海域か
らの窒素・燐の回収、流入河川の影響、外海のＣＯＤの推移
３－２ 干潟・干潟の機能
３－３ 水質将来予測
４ 第６次水質総量規制の在り方
水環境改善の必要性、対策の在り方、今後の課題
36

Osaka Bay, COD

1982‐1984
1982‐1984Ave.
Ave.

2009‐2012 Ave.

37

Seto InlandSea, COD

1982‐1984 Ave.

2009‐2012 Ave.
38

39
Conceptual diagram of wateｒ-sediment combining ecosystem model2009FY

2019FY

Osaka Bay, COD
40

2009FY

2019FY

Osaka Bay,
Total Nitrogen41

2009FY

2019FY

Osaka Bay,
Total Phosphorus
42Trends in Pollutant loads
Seto Inland Sea

Tokyo Bay

1979 1984 1989 1994 1999 2004 2009 2015 2021
TargetIse Bay

1979 1984 1989 1994 1999 2004 2009 2015 2021
Targetgenerated load
(tons/day)1979 1984 1989 1994 1999 2004 2009 2015 2021
TargetSeto
Inland Sea

Nitrogen1. The dotted-line bar
graphs are datacollected from affected
prefectures.
2. The value for fiscal
2005 was set as the
reduction target

Tokyo Bay

1979 1984 1989 1994 1999 2004 2009 2015 2021
TargetIse Bay

1979 1984 1989 1994 1999 2004 2009 2015 2021
Target1979 1984 1989 1994 1999 2004 2009 2015 2021
Target4330

Trends in Pollutant loads
generated load
(tons/day)Phosphorus
Tokyo Bay

1979 1984 1989 1994 1999 2004 2009 2015 2021
TargetSeto Inland Sea
Ise Bay

1979 1984 1989 1994 1999 2004 2009 2015 2021
Target1979 1984 1989 1994 1999 2004 2009 2015 2021
Target1. The dotted-line bar graphs are data collected from affected prefectures.
2. The value for fiscal 2005 was set as the reduction target

44

4 Plans for Reduction of Total Pollutant Load
（Prefecture）① Target amount of reduction

ＣＯＤ load by source (Total Hyogo Prefecture)
2020FY(target)

2014FY (actual result)

Live stock
0.3%

Other non point
15.2%

No regulation
4.7%

Small industries
14.4%

Live stock
0.4%
Sewage(Domestic)
32.1%

Others15.6%

43tons/day
Industrial
38.5%

Domestic
46.0%

Other non point
15.7%

No regulation
3.8%

Small industries
13.6%
Gappei johkasou
4.9%
Tandoku johkasou
Sewage(industries)
1.0%
5.1%

Sewage(industrial)
5.0%
TMDL industries
14.4%

Gray water
8.0%
Night soil treatment
0.0%

Sewage(domestic)
32.7%

Others16.0%

42tons/day

Domestic
46.1%

Industrial
37.8%
Gappei johkasou
5.4%
TMDL industries
15.3%

Gray water
7.1%

Tandoku johkasou
1.0%

Night soil treatment
0.0%

45

Ｔ－Ｎ load by source (Total Hyogo Prefecture)
2014FY(actual result)

2020FY(target)
Fish farming
0.2%

Fish farming
0.2%

Sewage(Domestic)
32.2%
Other non point
37.2%
Others37.6%

Sewage(Domestic)
31.9%

Other non point
36.0%

Domestic
37.7%

Others36.5%

48tons/day

Domestic
37.0%

52tons/day
Gappei johkasou
2.9%

Live stock
0.2%
No regulation
0.9%
Small industries
1.4%

Industrial
24.8%
TMDL industries
18.0%
Sewage(industries)
4.5%

Tandoku johkasou
1.5%

Live stock
0.2%

Night soil treatment
0.0%
No regulation
0.7%
Gray water
1.0%

Small industries
1.2%

Industrial
26.6%

TMDL industries
20.3%
Sewage(industries)
4.5%

Gappei johkasou
2.9%
Tandoku johkasou
1.3%
Night soil treatment
0.0%
Gray water
0.8%

46

Ｔ－Ｐ load by source (Total Hyogo Prefecture)
2020FY(Target)
2014FY(Actual result)Fish farming
1.1%

Fish farming
0.8%

Other non point
22.1%

Other non point
21.1%

Live stock
0.3%
No regulation
4.6%
Small industries
4.4%

Sewage(Domestic)
43.7%

Others
22.2%

2.3t/日Industrial
21.3%

Live stock
0.2%
No regulation
3.1%

Domestic
56.5%

Small industries
3.5%

2.8tons/day
Industrial
19.1%

Sewage(Domestic)
47.1%
Domestic
57.5%

Sewage(industries)
6.0%

Sewage(industries)
5.4%
TMDL industries
6.9%

Others23.4%

Gray water
3.1%

Night soil treatment
0.0%

Gappei johkasou
7.3%

Tandoku johkasou
2.4%

TMDL industries
6.5%

Gray water
2.3%

Night soil treatment
0.0%

Gappei johkasou
6.2%
Tandoku johkasou
1.9%

47

4①-1 Calculation of Target amount of reduction
◎
◎
◎
◎
◎

◎
◎
◎

48

◎：Calculation from the results of self measurement by TMDL factories※：Calculated by original unit

4①-1 Calculation of Target amount of reduction (in detail)Industrial
Groceries
TexturePulp・paper・paper products
Factories &Chemical Industries
Business
TMDL
Oil products・Coal products
Industries Establishiments
Iron & steels
Other manufacturing
OthersSewage (industries)
Specified factories
manufacturing(effluent's
Non Point
others
Sourcevolume<50m 3 /day)
No regulation

Domestic

OthersSewage (domestic)
GappeiJohkasouhouse
officeTMDL
Industries Night soil Treatment
house
Tandoku
Johkasouoffice501 men and over
201～500 men ※Live
501 men and overStock
201～500 men
501 men and over
201～500 men※
501 men and over
201～500 men

Gappei Johkasou 200 men and under
Non Point Tandoku Johkasou 200 men and underSourcetreated
Gray
water

Red：Calculation of autonomous measurment results in TMDL industries
Blue：Caluclation by original unit

non treated

Other
Non
Point

cow
cattle shed horse
TMDL
Industries
pig
Sewage (Live stock)cow
small cattle
Non point
horse
shed
pig
Sewage (others)
forestpaddy field
Non Point
farm/fruits garden

otherSolid waste Houshold
dumpingIndustrial
yellow tailSeawater sea bream
FishFarmingother
Inland waters※ Johkasou (house, 201～500 men, reported average effluent volume 50m3/day or less) is caluculated by original unit49

4①-1 Calculation of Target amount of reduction (Domestic)（1999FY actual result volume of load, 2004FY target volume of load）
Effluent
Concentration,
volumeoriginal unit
Sewage(Domestic)
1999FY：Night soil
actualTreatment
result1999FY：Σ（1999FY
Gappei johkasou
2004FY：effluent
volume×1999FY
501 men & over
1999FY：actual result of
1999FY
concentration）
Point
concentration
actualTandoku johkasou
Source2004FY：Σ（2004FY
2004FY：same as 1999FY
result×501 men & overeffluent volume×2004FY（2004FY
Gappei johkasou concentration
population／
201～500 men
1999FY
Tandoku johkasou
population）
1999FY,
201～500 men
2004FY：
1999FY：original
Questionnaire
Domestic
unit(19.2+10.1)g/men/day,
Gappei johaksou 1999FY：Σ（1999FY
extraction ratio 50％
200men & underpopulation ×original Survey of
2004FY：same as 1999FY
unit×extraction ratio） municipalities
2004FY：Σ（2004FY
1999FY：original unit
10.1g/men/day,extraction
Tandoku johkasou population×originalNonratio 0％200 men and under unit×extraction ratio）
Point
2004FY：1999FYと同値
Source1999FY original
1999FY：Σ（1999FY
Others (fields
unit12.1g/men/day,2004FY：
population×original
with dung)same as 1999FY
unit）
2004FY：Σ（2004FY
1999FY：original unit
population×original
Gray water
19.2g/men/day,2004FY：same50
unit）
as 1999FY
Load

Population

4①-1 Calculation of Target amount of reduction (Industrial)（1999FY actual result volume of load, 2004FY target volume of load）
Load

Point
sourceIndustrial

12・13 groceries
14 Texture
18 Pulp
20 Chemicalindustries
21 Oil products
26 Iron & steel
Other
1999FY：Σ（manufacturing
1999FY effluent
Othersvolume×1999FY
concentration）
2004FY：Σ（
2004FY effluent
Sewagevolume／2004FY(Industries)
concentration）

Small industries
Non pointsourceNo regulation

Effluent volume

1999FY：actual result
2004FY：trend from 1989 to
1999

Concentration，original unit
1999FY：actual result
2004FY：By Questionnaire of higher
load rank companies, settled inaddition to 1999FY, consideringbusiness project, prospect ofstrengthening wastewater treatment
control & management.

1999FY：actual result
1999FY：actual result
2004FY：1999FY effluent volume
2004FY：By Questionnaire of higher＋prospect of （increase ofload rank companies, settled in
population connected to sewage
addition to 1999FY, considering& increase of Small industries &business project, prospect of
No regulation’s effluents
upgrading wastewater treatment.
connected to sewage)
1999FY, 2004FY：Original unit of
1999FY, 2004FY：trend fromeach subcategory in industrial
1989 to 1999
classification
1999FY, 2004FY：Original unit of
1999FY, 2004FY：trend ofeach subsubcategory in industrial
business census, industry
classification
statistics
51

4①-1 Calculation of Target amount of reduction (Others) 1（1999FY actual result volume of load, 2004FY target volume of load）
Load

Live stockindustries 1999FY：Σ（1999FY effluents×1999FY
concentration）
Point
Others
2004FY：Σ（2004FY effluents／2004FY
sourceConcentration）

Sewage(others)

Effluents volume, headcount, area dimension

Concentration，original unit

1999FY：actual concentration
2004FY：By Questionnaire ofhigher load rank companies,
1999FY：actual result
settled in addition to 1999FY,
2004FY：trend from 1989
considering business project,
to 1999
prospect of strengthening
wastewater treatment control& management.
1999FY：actual result
2004FY：1999FY
effluents×（2004FY
population ／1999FY
population）

1999FY, 2004FY：separated
method COD=3, joint
treatment (wastewater &rain)COD=852

4①-1 Calculation of Target amount of reduction (Others) 2（1999FY actual result volume of load, 2004FY target volume of load）
Effluents volume,
Concentration，original
Load
head count, area
unit
dimension
1999FY, 2004FY： 530g/head/day, extraction
Cow
1999FY：Σ（1999FY Head count×original
Questionnaire
ratio 91%
Horse
unit×extraction ratio）
Survey of
2004FY：Σ（2004FY Head count×originalmunicipalities’ head 130g/head/day, extraction
Pig
unit×extraction ratio）
ratio 60%
count
COD=2.5
ForestPaddy field
COD=17.5
1999FY：Σ（1999FY area dimension×original unit）
Farm・Fruits
2004FY：Σ（2004FY area dimension×original unit） 1999FY, 2004FY： COD=10
garden
Questionnaire
Non
Other land
COD=10Survey of
Others point
1999FYΣ（1999FY area dimension×Precipitation municipalities’ areasourcedimension
Flow out ratio 200/1000,
Solid waste volume ×original unit）
2004FY：Σ（1999FY Load×（2004FYarea
COD＝10dumping
dimension／1999FY area dimension））
1999FY：Σ（1999FY catch fishing×（thickened coefficient-1）×（composition ratio of combination feed×containing rate of Nitrogen＋ 1999FY, 2004FY：
Questionnaire
composition ratio of raw feed×containing rate of Nitrogen））
Fish farming
Survey of Fishery Div.
2004FY：Σ（2004FY catch fishing×（thickened coefficient-1）×（composition ratio of combination feed×containing rate of Nitrogen＋ （only N, P）
composition ratio of raw feed×containing rate of Nitrogen））
53

4 Plans for Reduction of Total Pollutant Load （Prefecture）② Project implementation③ Guidance for reducing Pollutant Load of Effluents○Project implementation of the 7th Plan 1
No. 区分
1

対象

事業・計画名
主体名
実施内容○大阪湾、播磨灘流域別
下水道整備総合計画
下水道整備の推進
下水処理場
県、市○合流式下水道緊急改善
雨天時負荷排出量の低減
計画

2 生活系 合併浄化槽 浄化槽設置整備事業

市町

浄化槽の整備3

し尿処理場 生活排水処理計画

市町

処理施設の適正管理

4

単独浄化槽 生活排水処理計画

市町

5

指定地域内
総量規制基準の設定
事業場

兵庫県

小規模事業場排水対策マ
小規模事業
ニュアル(環境省平成13年 兵庫県
6
場
3月制定)による指導
産業系
7

未規制事業 実態把握
場
下水道への接続兵庫県見込まれる効果 所管課室
○水質環境基下水道課
準の達成維持都市計画○汚濁負荷量
課
の削減
環境整備
課
環境整備
課
環境整備
課

合併処理浄化槽への転換
処理施設の適正管理
適切な総量規制基準の設定、そのCOD、窒素及び 水大気課
遵守徹底
燐の汚濁負荷排出水の実態等を考慮し、排水処 量の削減
理施設の設置や適正な維持管理
水大気課
等、必要な措置を講じるよう指導
・排出水の特性等についてその実態把握に努め、汚濁負荷量の削減
対策、排水処理施設の設置等の必要な措置を講じるよう指導を行う。

水大気課
54

○Project implementation of the 7th Plan 2
No.
8

9

区分

対象
畜舎

畜舎

事業・計画名主体名環境保全型畜産確立推進
事業
兵庫県「家畜排せつ物の利用の促進を図るための計画（家兵庫県
畜排せつ物法に基づく県
計画）」

実施内容
○畜産経営の指導体制整備○堆きゅう肥の需給調整・畜産環
境保全取組の支援見込まれる効果

所管課室
畜産課

COD、窒素及び燐の汚濁負荷量の○畜産環境問題の発生の未然防 削減
止
畜産課○堆肥の高品質化及び円滑利用等の推進○森林の水源か
災害に強い森づくり○人工林での防災機能の向上
ん養機能向上豊かな森づ（緊急防災林整備、針葉樹 兵庫県、○針葉樹林と広葉樹林の混交林○土砂流出量の くり課
林と広葉樹林の混交林整 市町等
整備
抑制
備）○ひょうごのやさしい施肥・土づくり推進事業（兵庫県持続性の高い農COD、窒素及び燐
環境創造型農業の推進、減化学
水田、畑・果の汚濁負荷量の 農業改良課
業生産方式導入指針、化 兵庫県
肥料栽培の普及
樹園
削減
学肥料節減指針）○兵庫県環境創造型農業推進計画
・漁場改善計画
漁業協同 養殖漁場の水質や底質の環境改
魚類養殖
海域環境の改善 水産課
・兵庫県魚介類養殖指針 組合
善

土地・養10 殖系 山林

11

15

55

○Project implementation of the 7th Plan 3
No.

区分

対象

16

河川

17

その他

18

その他

19

その他
その他
系

20

その他

24

その他

25

その他

事業・計画名

主体名

実施内容見込まれる効果
所管課室①ヘドロ掘削、浚渫
①庄下川河川浄化事業①兵庫県
総合治水課、②環境に配慮した河川整 生物生息場の確保
河川整備課②自然を活かした川づくり ②兵庫県備
環境省 持続可能な海域利用に適
水大気課
海域の物質循環健全化計（兵庫県 した高度な栄養塩類（窒素、栄養塩の循環、管理水産課
画（播磨灘北東部地域）
りん）の管理を推進する。
等）
兵庫県地球環境保全資金
県下中小企業者による水 COD、窒素及び燐の汚融資制度(環境保全･ｸﾞﾘｰﾝ 兵庫県 質汚濁防止施設等を設置 濁負荷量の削減が見込 環境政策課
まれる。
ｴﾈﾙｷﾞｰ設備設置資金)への低利融資○加古川河口域の栄養塩
大阪湾、播磨灘の栄養塩 兵庫県他
等環境調査
栄養塩の挙動を把握し、水産課の挙動と漁業生産に係る調 ４府県及○養殖ノリ漁場に関する調 その管理手法を開発
び大学等
査研究
査
海底耕耘
池干しによる溜池からの放 ○栄養塩の循環促進○底質改善による餌料
漁業者活 水水産課
豊かな海創生支援事業
動組織 ウチムラサキやアサリ等二 生物や二枚貝等の発生
枚貝の放流や外敵生物の 促進駆除西播磨地区増殖場造成事
覆砂工法によって浅場を造兵庫県
海域環境の改善
水産課
業
成し、漁場環境を改善する
・海域の生態系
水産資源の管理や回復、
の維持
自然環境課
生物多様性ひょうご戦略 兵庫県 魚礁や藻場の造成による・水産業の振興と生物多 資源増殖室
生息環境の改善を図る。
様性の持続的な利用
56

Change of COD load in Hyogo Prefecture
300
t/dhousehold effluents
industrial effluents
other source of load

COD

251(161)250

200
180(115)156(100) ←｢Total(ratio for 1979(%))｣
150

15

127(81)14 114(73)

251

13

65

100

46

180

43

92(59)
11 81(52)
12
28
26

50
76

0

61(39)
53(34)
7
7

22
67

58

53

43

32

20
26

Seto Inland Sea
except Osaka Bay
43(28) 42(27)38Osaka Bay

33

7

7

23

20

15

14

5

16

16

2
4
9

1
4
9

14

19

2
6
12

16

20

2
6
15

17

14

1970 1976 1979 1984 1989 1994 1999 2004 2009 2015 2020
target2004 2009 2015 2020
target

5

28

28

5

6

12
11

12
10

2004 2009 2015 2020
target57

Change of Nitrogen load in Hyogo Prefecturet/d100

Nitrogen95(100)90

household effluents
industrial effluents
other source of load82(86)

80

32
22

70

61(64)
60
50

30

53(56)
52(55)
48(50)
20
29

20

40

Seto Inland Sea
except Osaka Bay

19

38

18
15

Osaka Bay

30
13

12

14

10

31

3
26

20

18

18

16

17
4
2

12

3

4
2

11

10

11

10

16

4

20
33

23

16

35

19

16

4

32

14

35

15

10

10

12

9

8

8

0
1970 1976 1979 1984 1989 1994 1999 2004 2009 2015 2020
target2004 2009 2015 2020
target2004 2009 2015 2020
target58

Change of Phosphorus in Hyogo Prefecturet/d1211.3(100)household effluents
industrial effluents
other source of load

Phosphorus

1.6

10

8
4.7

6.8(60)1.4

6

6.1(54)5.6(50)5.3(47)
1.5
1.2

1.2

2.3

4

2.0

1.9

5.0

3.2(28)2.9(26)1.8
2.8(25)0.7
2.3(20)
0.6
0.7

2
3.1

0

2.6

2.5

0.7

0.5
0.5

2.3

1.8

1.6

1.3

0.7
0.5
1.6

1970 1976 1979 1984 1989 1994 1999 2004 2009 2015 2020
target1.3

Osaka Bay
1.2
0.9

0.2
0.2
0.9

0.1
0.3
0.8

0.1
0.2
0.6

Seto Inland Sea
except Osaka Bay
0.9
0.1
0.2
0.6

2004 2009 2015 2020
target

1.9
0.5

1.7
0.5

0.5

0.4

0.9

0.8

1.4
0.4
0.3
0.7

1.9
0.6
0.3
1.0

2004 2009 2015 2020
target59

5 Total Pollutant load control（Nation, Prefecture）① Calculation of Total Pollutant Load Regulating Standards infactories and business establishments①-1 Basic method of calculation
Specified effluent(Areawide total pollutant load control APPLIED)

Total pollutant load regulating standards[specified effluent]specific establishment
Specified facility
Specified facility

wastewater
treatment facility
overflowdomestic effluent

sewagetreatment facility

indirect cooling water, rain

NOT specified effluent(Areawide total pollutant load control NOT APPLIED)

public water area
(rivers, lakes, ports,
harbors, coastal seas, etc.)

Effluent standards[total effluent]60

Total Pollutant load Regulating Standards
Load (kg/day)= Concentration×Quantity of specified effluent ×10-3(mg/l)(m3/day)

The upper & lower limits of the Concentration for each industrial
category are decided by the Ministry of Environment.
The industrial categories➢ The 1 st Total Pollutant load Regulating Standards = 217➢ After the 4 th = 232
The Concentration (C value) is specified by governors ofprefectures between the upper and lower limits.
61

Total Pollutant load Regulating Standards
Load (kg/day)= Concentration×Quantity of specified effluent ×10-3(mg/l)(m3/day)

The governors of prefectures, any part of which is within a Specified
Region shall establish total load regulation standards on the basisof the plan for Reduction of Total Pollutant load, in respect of the Pollutant
load of Effluents discharged from "Specified Factories within Specified
Region".

The standards shall, in respect of the Specified Factories within aSpecified Region, be the maximum permissible level determined
for the pollutant load of the effluents discharged from thespecified factories(with effluent volumes of 50 m3/day ormore) within the Region.

62

Total Pollutant load Regulating Standards （in detail）
L （Permissible Load = Total maximum Daily load = Total Pollutant load Regulating Standards）= C（concentration）・Q（volume）×１０－３
ＣＯＤ
Lc＝（ Cco・Qco ＋ Cci・Qci ＋ Ccj・Qcj ）×１０-3～1980.6.30
1980.7.1
1991.7.1～～1991.6.30

Nitrogen & Phosphorus
Nitrogen:Phosphorus :Ln＝（ Cno・Qno ＋ Cni・Qni ）×１０-3
Lp＝（ Cpo・Qpo ＋ Cpi・Qpi ）×１０-3～H14.9.30
H14.10.1～

L：Total pollutant load regulating standards ［kg/日］：Permissible COD, Nitrogenand Phosphorus load

C：Specified by governors of prefectures ［mg/ﾘｯﾄﾙ］：COD, Nitrogen andPhosphorus concentration in each industrial type and classification, time of period
Q：Volume of Specified effluents ［m3/日］：volume in each industrial type and 63
classification, time of period

5①‐2 Case of Textile dyeing factory
A company
B factory

Water supply（1m3/d）

Cotton textile/yarn dyeing process in textile industry (including
supplementary process）, volume of average daily effluents is 500m3/d andover. Case of 【Industry 61、process ｲ】

Ground water（2,814m3/d）
Domestic wastewater
Filtration

35m3/dIndustry 232
Process ｶ
35m3/d2,779m3/d＜Specified facility＞
No.19-ト Dyeing facility
Thickwastewater
300m3/dThick wastewater from otherdyeing factories 2,480m3/d

Back wash effluentsThin wastewaterIndustry 61
Process ｲ
2,479m3/d

1m3/d

Industry 232
Process ｵ
1m3/dThin wastewater
treatment(Activated sludge)【Regulating standards point】＝Load Measurement point
Specified Effluent Volume：2,515m3/d
COD：58, N：５, P：２ (mｇ/L)

Hyogo Textile Dyeing Business
Cooperative<Specified facility>
No.74 Joint treatment facility(Coagulation settling + activated sludge)

Outflow
2,780m3/d

Outflow
2,515m3/d

River
64

5①‐2 Case of Textile dyeing factory
Calculation of Total Pollutant load Regulating Standards, applied load and actual load
Substances

Industry/
process①
Maximum
Effluent
volumeＶ(m3/d)③ RegulatingStandards② Ｃ value （mg/L)

Ｃco

COD

（Nitrogen ）（Phosphorus）⑥ actualconcentration(example）（mg/L)⑦ Actualload
L=①×⑥
÷1,000(kg/d)

Ｃcj

2,479

50

124

58

144

34.5

85.5

232-ｵ

1

70

0.07

58

0.058

34.5

0.035

232-ｶ

35

30

150

58

2.03

34.5

1.21

Total

2,515

274

＞

146

＞

86.8

Ｃni

61

2,479

15

37.2

5

12.4

3.3

8.18

232-ｵ

1

60

0.06

5

0.005

3.3

0.003

232-ｶ

35

60

2.1

5

0.175

3.3

0.116

Total

2,515

39.4

＞

12.6

＞

8.3

Ｃpo

P

⑤ Appliedmax load
L=①×④
÷1,000(kg/d)

61-ｲ

Ｃno

N

Ｃci

L=①×②
÷1,000(kg/d)④Applied
Normalconcentration（mg/L)

Ｃpi

61

2,479

2

4.96

2

4.96

0.49

1.21

232-ｵ

1

6

0.06

2

0.002

0.49

0.00049

232-ｶ

35

6

0.21

2

0.07

0.49

0.017

Total

2,515

5.2

＞

5.0

＞

1.2 65

5①‐3 Case of Metallic goods factory
C company
D factory

Electrical Plating 【Industry 201】, Metallic goods production （except Industry 201）,
volume of average daily effluents is 500m3/d and over. 【Industry 202, process ｲ】

Water for industrial use（1,094m3/d）

Water supply（100m3/d）

Metallic Goods
Production Process【Industry 202、process ｲ】

340m3/dCooling water

100m3/d

50m3/d700m3/dElectrical Plating
Process【Industry 201】

Industry 202
Process ｲ
700m3/dWastewater
treatment facility

Domestic Wastewater（Night soil / graywater）【Industry 232、process ｵ】
Industry 232
Process ｵ
100m3/dIndustry 232
Process ｶ
50m3/d850m3/d【Regulating standards point】＝Load Measurement point
Specified Effluent Volume：850m3/d
COD：15, N：15, P：１ (mｇ/L)

GappeijohkasouOutflow
1,190m3/d
340m3/d66

5①‐3 Case of Metallic goods factory

Calculation of Total Pollutant load Regulating Standards, applied load and actual load
Substances

Industry/
process①
Maximum
Effluent
volumeＶ(m3/d)③ RegulatingStandards② Ｃ value （mg/L)

Ｃco

COD

（Nitrogen ）（Phosphorus）⑥ actualconcentration(example）（mg/L)⑦ Actualload
L=①×⑥
÷1,000(kg/d)

Ｃcj

50

40

2

15

0.75

14.1

0.71

202-ｲ

700

15

10.5

15

10.5

14.1

0.035

232-ｵ

100

70

7

15

1.5

14.1

9.9

Total

850

19

＞

12.7

＞

10.6

Ｃni

201

50

35

1.75

15

0.75

12.3

8.18

202-ｲ

700

15

10.5

15

10.5

12.3

0.003

232-ｵ

100

60

6

15

1.5

12.3

0.116

Total

850

18.2

＞

12.7

＞

8.3

Ｃpo

P

⑤ Appliedmax load
L=①×④
÷1,000(kg/d)

201

Ｃno

N

Ｃci

L=①×②
÷1,000(kg/d)④Applied
Normalconcentration（mg/L)

Ｃpi

201

50

1

0.05

1

0.05

0.8

0.04

202-ｲ

700

1

0.7

1

0.7

0.8

0.56

232-ｵ

100

6

0.6

1

0.1

0.8

Total

850

1.3

＞

0.85

＞

0.08 67
0.68

5 ② Settling procedure of Total Pollutant load RegulatingStandards （Nation）②-1 Settling procedure of C value on the 5th TMDL（NP)１ 業種等の区分
第４次総量規制（COD)の区分と同一とする。
➢例外規定① 現行の海域に係る窒素及びりんの暫定排水基準の区分② 自治体における上乗せ排水基準の区分③ 工程上の特性により、細分化すべきもの（水質実態から判断して不要のものを除く。）
２ 業種等の区分毎の排水水質の取り扱い➢ NPの排出水の濃度データが少ないため、業種等別の排出データ
は、類似業種等ごとに主要30分類にグループ化。
➢ 産業分類は、日本標準産業分類による。化学工業は産業小分類も参考とした。
68②-1 Settling procedure of C value on the 5th TMDL（NP)
３ Cn値、Cp値の範囲（１） 基本的な考え方
既設
Cno,Cpo上限値

主要30分類にグループ化した排水口ごとの水質データの90％値

下限値（既設の工場・事業場に適用されている上乗せ排水基準（最大値））×1/2

新設
Cni,Cpi

上限値

主要30分類にグループ化した排水口ごとの水質データの85％値

下限値（新設の工場・事業場に適用されている上乗せ排水基準（最大値））×1/2➢ 工程の特性、排水処理技術等を考慮し、上表によることが不適当の場合、個別の工場・事業場に係る自治体の判断も踏まえ、実態に即した範囲を設定。

＜Cn値の設定例＞（乳製品製造業）
参考業種（食料品製造業）の排水口の水質データ（実績）

90％値 29.6
85%値

21.8

上乗せ排水基準（都府県の最大値）

既設

40

新設

25

（単位：mg/L)
既設
Cno

上限 30

新設
Cni

上限 25

下限 20
下限 10
69

②-1 Settling procedure of C value on the 5th TMDL（NP)
３ Cn値、Cp値の範囲（2） 窒素・りんに係る暫定排水基準適用業種等
既設
Cno, Cpo

新設
Cni, Cpi

上限値

暫定排水基準値（日間平均）

下限値(1) 既設と同じ上限値

ア．湖沼に係る暫定排水基準が適用されていた業種その他の区分→ 一般排水基準（日間平均）
イ．その他の区分→ 暫定排水基準（日間平均）

下限値(1) 既設と同じ➢ 工程の特性、排水処理技術等を考慮し、上表によることが不適当の場合、個別の工場・事業場に係る自治体の判断も踏まえ、実態に即した範囲を設定。

(3) その他
窒素

りん

①

最小幅

10

１

②

最小単位

５

0.5

③

下限の最小値10１70

②-2 Settling procedure of C value on the 6th TMDL（COD)○ ５次にわたる総量規制実施に鑑み、各業種等で比較的高濃度の事業場の改善を図る。
○ Cc値の上限は、工程及び汚水処理施設の管理を徹底することで達成できる値とする。
＜大阪湾におけるCc値の設定方法＞
1

環境大臣が定める上限を、府県の第５次のCc値の最大値まで切り下げる。

2

実施可能な範囲として、Ccoの上限を、原則、2004年度実績の負荷量最大日の最大値まで切り下げる。

3

工程及び汚水処理施設を適正に管理し、濃度変動を抑制するため、2004年度実績で、負荷量最大日の濃度最大値／平均濃度の最大値＞２の業種は、Ccoの上限を「平均濃度の最大値×２」まで切り下げる。

4

１～３の結果、上限値が、現行の下限値と同値になる場合は、「下限＋１０」を上限とし、現行の下限値を下回る場合は、「切り下げた結果」を下限、上限を「下限＋１０」とする。

5

切り下げたCcoの上限が、Cci・Ccjの上限を下回る場合、Cci・Ccjの上限も同値まで切り下げる。

6

事業場数の少ない業種等は、類似業種等の状況にも留意。

7

事業場における排水系等を考慮する。
71Confirmation of specified effluents’ distribution of each industries in Japan72

Confirmation of applied max effluents’ ratio of period inmain industries/processes73

5 Total Pollutant load control（Nation, Prefecture）③ Settling procedure of Ｃ value （Prefecture）③-1 The 1st TMDL（COD)
Principle of C value
Matters

Principle

Treatment technology
levelConsider the enforceable level of treatment technology, andwastewater quality before & after treatment in target year 1984FY
and intermediate target year 1979FY.

Action against current
regulation ofconcentration

As for regulation of water quality, this is the third regulation after
the settling of stringent effluent regulation with the enforcement of
Water Quality Control Law in 1971, and full revision of stringent
effluent regulation to achieve the 50% reduction plan of COD pollutant
load in industrial wastewater.
Consider the current regulation of concentration, economical andtechnological matters, which small & medium-sized business have todeal with.
For the consideration against small & medium-sized business,classify the regulation by the scale of volume as needed74

5③－１ The 1st TMDL（COD)
Principle of C value
Matters

PrincipleStandard for new process
or specified effluents to
be increased

Settle the strictest standards in comparison to existing specified
effluents, as the higher grade technology of treatment can be
introduced.

Classification frommethod of treatment

Sewage, hotels and johkasou are classified by the method oftreatment.

Factories running multiple
industry/process

Consider the enforceable level of treatment technology in totalbusiness, as the individual consideration for each industry is difficult.

Standard for sewage

Sewage with the influx of wastewater from the leather industries orindustrial factories is regulated by the different standard from normal
sewage.

Industry/process of
TMDL factories notexisting currently

Settle the lower limit presented by nation.

75

5③-1 The 1st TMDL（COD)
Principle of C value
Matters

Principle

Existing Specified
factories of 50m3/d
and under

Consider the upgrade to TMDL factories. Settle the median of C
value width presented by nation, as the actual concentration is notcollected.

OthersConsider the situation of factories implementing high rate reuseof wastewater or incineration of concentrated wastewater.
As the target amount of plan for reduction of total pollution load
is not achieved by the settling C value, agreements with businessestablishments whose effluents are 500m3/d & over are made,and the achievement of target amount is guaranteed.

76

5 Total Pollutant load control（Nation, Prefecture）③ Settling procedure of Ｃ value （Prefecture）③-2 The 6st TMDL（COD, N, P)
Consideration flow of the 6thTotal Pollutant Load Control Standards①

C value for new process or specified effluents to be increased （Ccj、Cni、Cpi）
Generally adopt the lower limit of C value announced by the Ministry of the Environment②

C value for existing factories （Cco、Cci、Cno、Cpo）
Numbers of standards
COD ：20 industries 25 standards
N ：47 industries 49 standards
P ：43 industries 45 standards

Numbers of standards
COD ：278 industries 556 standards
N ：276 industries 276 standards
P ：242 industries 242 standards

Is there a TMDL factory to which
the industry/process belongsin the specified region?

Yes

Does the industry/processadopt the lower limit of C value
?

No

The
industry/process tobe considered this
time

Yes

Adopt the lower limit of C value(same as current）

Settle the lowest value which satisfy the following conditions inrange of nation's announcement.
➣［Weighted average concentration of standards]*≧[applied max concentration](Treated wastewater concentration of johkasou is detarminedby the structual standards.）* Cco≧Cci≧Ccj､Cno≧Cni､Cpo≧Cpi* C value (COD) is considered by 10 pitch (if C value is 20 or under, 5pitch), N: 5 pitch, P: 0.5
pitch.

Settle the lowest value which satisfy any of the following
conditions in range of nation's announcement.
➣［Weighted average concentration of standards]*≧other business establishiments [average concentration of the day, of which the dailyload is maximum between 2003FY and 2005FY]➣ [Total pollutant Load control standards]≧[maximum
daily load between 2003FY and 2005FY]

Yes

Does not the lower limit chane
this time?

Adopt the lower limit of C value

No

Business establishments (theonly wastewater treatment
facility is johkasou)(restaurants, hospitals, hotels,
etc.)

No
SewageJohkasouNight soil treatment→ Settled in accordance with the structual standards of Sewage law→ Settled in accordance with the level of treatment→ Settled in accordance with the level of treatment

１ ［Weighted average concentration of standards]：(Σ(Qc×Cc=[total pollutant load control standards]))/(ΣQc), （mg/L）
Qc:applied max volume of specified effluents in each industry/process, Cc is concentration of specified effluents (C value).
２ The total pollutant load control regurates the load. It does not necessarily lead to violation of standards, even if the establishments' actural concentration is larger than
Weighted average concentration of standards.

77

Frequency Distribution of concentration
Industry/process

61ア

Cotton textile/yarndyeing process intextile industry(including
supplementary
process）, volume ofaverage daily
effluents is 500m3/d
under.

Ｃco

Lower

Upper

50

100

Seek the draft revision,considering thetechnological level ofwastewater treatment
from the actual
measurement results of all
factories & businessestablishments.

Current revision

90

80

Applied conc.
interval

0-10
10-20
20-30
30-40
40-50
50-60
60-70
70-80
80-90
90-

frequency

0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
0

5
4
3
2
1
0
0-10 10-20 20-30 30-40 40-50 50-60 60-70 70-80 80-90 90-

Average conc. (actual)interval frequency

0-10
10-20
20-30
30-40
40-50
50-60
60-70
70-80
80-90
90-

1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
0
0

5
4
3
2
1
0
0-10 10-20 20-30 30-40 40-50 50-60 60-70 70-80 80-90 90-

Max conc. (actual)intervalfrequency

0-10
10-20
20-30
30-40
40-50
50-60
60-70
70-80
80-90
90-

0
0
0
0
1
0
1
2
0
0

5
4
3
2
1
0
0-10 10-20 20-30 30-40 40-50 50-60 60-70 70-80 80-90 90-

Lower
Limit

Revision
Current
standards

Upper
Limit

78

5③-2 The 6th TMDL（COD，N，P） case of N
Consideration of Total Pollutant Load Control Standards (Osaka Bay, Nitrogen)NoIndustry

volume of
effluents

Processcodenu

industry processmbe

The 5th standards

C
Nation
valu
Hyogo
Uppe
e
Lower
r

r

108

Inorganic chemistry industrial Other than following
products manufacuturing
Usage of Nitrogen and its
compoundprocess (except from 105 to
Vanadium compound production
the previous section）

Other thanfollowing

108
108

process

No

Industry/

Factory name process

Weighted average conc. ofstandards(mg/L)

Applied Max. volume of
specified effluents(m 3 /d)Actual max.concentration of
specified effluents(mg/L)

Qno

Total

2003FY

2004FY

2005FY

Current
standards

Qni

108
ｱ
11

2
0
1
0
1
0

Ｃno
Ｃni
Ｃno

50
40
160

Ｃni

40

Ｃno

6000

Ｃni

40

Actual max. Dailyload(kg/d)

Aim(-25) Aim(-30) 2003FY 2004FY 2005FY

08 1

A

105

6580

8,100

-

1.9

2.3

18.6

08 1

A

108

400

8,100

-

1.9

2.3

18.6

17.4

08 1

A

120

1000

8,100

-

1.9

2.3

18.6

08 1

A

232-ｵ

120

8,100

-

1.9

2.3

①
18.6

08 2

B

108

40

115

-

532.9

492.9

8-

2

B

108-11

8

115

-

532.9

08 2

B

200

17

115

-

08 2

B

232-ｵ

30

115

08 2

B

232-ｶ

20

08- 3

C

108-ｱ

08 3

C

08 3

C

50
40
50
40
50
40

The 6th standards

Hyogo
Osaka

NationOsaka Bay

Bay

Lower upper

160 要検討6010160 要検討
60
40

20
10
50
40
50
40

6000 要検討
6000

40

50
40
160
60
6000
6000

T o t al Po ll u t an t Lo ad C o n t r o l
St an dar ds (kg/ d)Current
standards

Aim(-25) Aim(-30)

-

10.0

12.7

150.9

0.0

17.1

-

10.0

12.7

150.9

140.9

138.9

15.5

14.9

-

10.0

12.7

150.9

125.9

120.9

18.3

18.2

-

10.0

12.7

②
150.9

147.9

147.3

465.3

456.6

454.9

-

37.3

34.5

53.5

52.5

52.3

492.9

465.3

395.7

340.1

-

37.3

34.5

53.5

45.5

39.1

532.9

492.9

465.3

461.6

460.9

-

37.3

34.5

53.5

53.1

53.0

-

532.9

492.9

③
465.3

458.8

457.5

-

37.3

34.5

53.5
④

52.8

52.6

115

-

532.9

492.9

465.3

461.0

460.1

-

37.3

34.5

53.5

53.0

52.9

9

52

-

13.5

11.8

75.8

57.6

56.7

-

0.7

0.4

3.9

3.0

3.0

119

8

52

-

13.5

11.8

75.8

71.9

71.2

-

0.7

0.4

3.9

3.7

3.7

232-ｵ

34

52

-

13.5

11.8 ① 75.8
58.9
55.6
As for 108-11 (-1000) (-1800)
As for 108-ｱ (-105) (-110)

-

0.7

0.4

3.9

3.1

2.9

1

②

79

Settling procedure of the C value on Industry/Process 108 [page79]➢ Refer to [ Factory A ]① a) Calculate [Weighted average conc. of standards] (Current standards) .
⇒ ( 15 × 6,580 + 50 × 400 + 25 × 1,000 + 60 × 120 ) / 8,100 = 18.6b) Confirm that [Actual max. concentration of specified effluents] (for the past 3
years) is sufficiently lower than [Weighted average conc. of standards] (Current
standards) ⇒ 1.9, 2.3 ≦18.6c) Calculate the Aim [Weighted average conc. of standards] in case of cutting the Cvalue by 25 mg/L or 30 mg/L.. ⇒ 17.4, 17.1d) Confirm that the aim conc. (30mg/L cut) is higher than [Actual max. concentrationof specified effluents] (for the past 3 years). .. ⇒ 17.1 ≧ 1.9, 2.3 ⇒ OK
② a) Calculate [Total Pollutant Load Control standards] (Current standards). .
⇒ ( 15 × 6,580 + 50 × 400 + 25 × 1,000 + 60 × 120 ) / 1,000 = 150.9b) Confirm that [Actual max. Daily load] (for the past 3 years) is sufficiently lower
than [Total Pollutant Load Control standards] (Current standards).
⇒ 10.0, 12.7 ≦ 150.9c) Calculate the Aim [Total Pollutant Load Control standards] in case of cutting the
C value by 25 mg/L or 30 mg/L. ⇒ 140.9, 138.9d) Confirm that the aim conc. (30mg/L cut) is higher than [Actual max. Daily load](for the past 3 years). .. ⇒ 138.9 ≧ 10.0, 12.7 ⇒ OK.

Settle the C value (draft) as “ 20”80Settling procedure of the C value on Industry/Process 108-11[page79] ①➢ Refer to [ Factory B ]③ a) Calculate [Weighted average conc. of standards] (Current standards) .
⇒ ( 50 × 40 + 6,000 × 8 + 30 × 17 + 60 × 30 + 60 × 20 ) / 115 = 465.3b) Confirm that [Actual max. concentration of specified effluents] (for the past 3
years) is sufficiently lower than [Weighted average conc. of standards] (Current
standards) ⇒ 532.9, 492.9≧465.3 ⇒ × Not satisfiedc) As the lower limit presented by the nation is 50. So seek the draft revision,considering the technological level of wastewater treatment from the actual
measurement results of all factories & business establishments. Example of [page 78].
d) As for 108-11, calculate the Aim [Weighted average conc. of standards] in case of
cutting the C value by 1,000 mg/L or 1,800 mg/L.. ⇒ 395.7, 340.1d) Confirm that the aim conc. (1,800mg/L cut) is higher than [Actual max.
concentration of specified effluents] (for the past 3 years). ..
⇒ 340.1 ≦ 532.9, 492.9 ⇒ × Not satisfied

81Settling procedure of the C value on Industry/Process 108-11[page79] ②④ a) Calculate [Total Pollutant Load Control standards] (Current standards). .
⇒ ( 50 × 40 + 6,000 × 8 + 30 × 17 + 60 × 30 + 60 × 20 ) / 1,000 = 53.5b) Confirm that [Actual max. Daily load] (for the past 3 years) is sufficiently lower
than [Total Pollutant Load Control standards] (Current standards).
⇒ 37.3, 34.5 ≦ 53.5 ⇒ OKc) Calculate the Aim [Total Pollutant Load Control standards] in case of cutting the
C value by 1,000 mg/L or 1,800 mg/L. ⇒ 45.5, 39.1
d) Confirm that the aim conc. (1,800 mg/L cut) is higher than [Actual max. Daily load](for the past 3 years). .. ⇒ 39.1 ≧ 37.3, 34.5 ⇒ OK

③ The aim of concentration is not satisfied.
④ The aim of Total Pollutant Control Standards is satisfied.
⇒ From the viewpoint of pollutant reduction,

Settle the C value (draft) as “ 4,200”
Interview the factory to confirm the feasibility.

825③‐2 The 6th TMDL（COD，N，P） case of N（Result of interview）
No.

1

Factory name1

A

Wastewater Treatment

Coagulation settling + sand filtration

Industrial classification

Other inorganic chemical industry product manufacturing

Main specified facility

Inorganic chemical industry product manufacturing
Actual result

AppliedConcentration(mg/L)
Maximum
Average

Ave.Conc.
(mg/L)

465.0

Total Pollutant Load Control Standards
Load (kg/d)
Maximum

Total Pollutant load
(kg/d)Aim Conc.(mg/L)

2004

2005

2006

2004

2005

2006

2004

2005

2006

current

draft 1daraft 2 current

draft 1 daraft 2

532.9

535.7

200.0

348.5

229.3

160.9

37.3

37.5

15.0

465.3

329.7

385.3

37.9

Applied max. specified

Industry/ Process/volume

effluents(m 3/d)Classifiction

Industry/process

Classification by remarks

Qno

108
108-11
200
232-ｵ
232-ｶ

Inoraganic chemical Industry productmanufacturing

Other than follwing

40
8
17
30
20

Non-ferrous manufacturing
Except 1 to previous classification

53.5

Vanadium compound production process

Night soil / Gray water
Other than above≪Opinion of business establishments≫
As the load Control standards is very strict, review is requested. The load
standard seems to be satisfied, but if the manufacturing line runs in fulloperation, it is difficult to achieve the standards.

Qni

Total

115

44.3

AppliedAve. conc.

465
465
465
465
465

C value (mg/L)
Current(The 5th)
value
lower
upper

50
6,000
30
60
60

50
50
20
10
10

160
6,000
70
60
60

draft 1

20
4,200

The 6thdraft 2lower"=draft 1"

5,000"=current" "=draft 1""=current" "=draft 1""=current" "=draft 1"

20
50
15
10
10

upper

50
6,000
35
60
60

≪Conclusion of Prefecture≫
As for the classification 108 and 108-11, the lowest standards will be settled,
considering that the pollutant load of full-operation with the effort of Nitrogen
reduction is satisfied with theTotal Pollutant Load Control Standards.
＜Conclusion＞ 2 0mg/ L for 10 8、5,0 00 mg/L for 1 08 - 11 will be se ttle d.

Classification

Current average load

Pollutant load of full-operation with theeffort of Nitrogen reduction

Total Pollutant Load Control Standards（ draft 2）

108
108-11Total

0.2m 3 /d×14,000mg/L= 2.8kg/d
4m 3 /d× 5,600mg/L=22.4kg/d
25.2kg/d日

0.2m 3 /d×14,000mg/L= 2.8kg/d
7m 3 /d× 5,200mg/L=36.4kg/d
39.2kg/d

20mg/L= 0.8kg/d
40m 3 /d×8m 3 /d×5,000mg/L=40.0kg/d
40.8kg/d

・As for 108-11, reduce 10kg of anmonium clolide for use in crystallization process of Vanadium compound, and 5,600mg/L of Nitrogen decrease to83
5,200kg/L.
3
3・Volume of effuents (4m /d) increase to 7m /d in 108-11.

6 Water Pollution Control Law2 (measure and log etc.)
Specified facility

Related to Areawide Total
Pollutant Load Control

Facility inSpecified area

Related to Groundwater

Measure and log pollutant load*

Violation of obligation
to log results of measurement

Measure and log pollutant statusof effluent and specified water
infiltrate into groundwater
Water containing substancesclassified as toxins
infiltrating into groundwater

PenaltyOrder polluter
to clean up pollution

Violation of order84*pollutant load = concentration × quantity (COD, Nitrogen, Phosphorus)

Measurement of State of Pollution of Effluent
A person who discharges effluents or permeates of
specified percolated water shall measure the pollution levelof the said effluents or specified permeation water and keep
records of the measured.
Hyogo municipal ordinance requests factories the reportof effluent’s concentration every six months.

85

86

87

様式１ 汚濁負荷量月報告様式
事業場番号

Report for the measurement of Pollutant Loadto Prefecture

2005※行､列及びセルの挿入､削除は絶対に行わないでください （システムによるデータの取込ができなくなります｡）

事業場所在市町

2006

事業場名称

2007

2008
2009

西暦年
（４桁）

月

稼働日数

（注） ・稼動しなかった日は、流量のみ"0"を入力し、その他の欄はすべて空欄とする・グレーになったセル(流量"0"を除く)には何も入力しないの分・流量､各濃度について､以下の式が成り立つようにする【稼働日数】＝【入力セルの数(流量０を除く)】＋【 (右4行で) 欠測等により"1"を入力したセル
の数】

流量
測定日

記載例

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31

（m3 /日）
(整数)

583

ＣＯＤ

濃度（mg/L）
窒素(小数点第1位まで)

9.8

りん(同第2位)

0.12

2010

2011

2013
2014

欠測の場合は 1 を入力してくださ
い

流量

ＣＯＤ

窒素

日平均排水量

報告様式

報告頻度

報告期限

1,000m 3 以上

様式１ 汚濁負荷量月報告様式

1回／月

測定月の翌月の15日

様式１ 汚濁負荷量月報告様式

1回／月

測定月の翌月の15日

2012

2015
2016

りん

2017

1

又は

3

1,000m 未満

2018
2019

様式２ 年間汚濁負荷量年報告様式 1回／年

2020

測定年の翌年度の5月30日

01

様式２ 年間汚濁負荷量年報告様式
2
3

事業場番号
4

事業場所在市町

事業場名称

5
6
7

西暦年(４桁）8（注） ・記入する数値は、流量は整数(小数点以下は四捨五入)、
濃度及び負荷量は、CODと窒素は小数点第1位、りんは小数点第2位までとする
・稼動しなかった月は、稼働日数のみ"0（半角数字ゼロ）"を入力し､その他の欄はすべて空欄とする・グレーのセルには何も入力しない
・全項目を入力した時点で赤色セルがある場合は､以下の事項を確認し､修正する
月間平均値の負荷量→｢流量×濃度÷1,000｣の少数第2位(りんは第3位)を四捨五入した値となっているか
最大流量日の流量→月間平均値、各最大負荷量日の流量未満になっていないか
最大負荷量日の負荷量→月間平均値、最大流量日、他の項目（CODの場合 窒素･りん)の最大負荷量日の負荷量未満になっていないか

2005
2006
2007

2008
2009

2010

3
※行､列及びセルの挿入､削除は絶対に行わないでください（システムによるデータの取込ができなくなります｡）（単位：流量はm ／日、濃度はmg／Ｌ、負荷量はkg／日）
9

稼
COD最大負荷量日の状況 窒素最大負荷量日の状況 りん最大負荷量日の状況
月 間 平 均 値
最大流量日の値
10
働
その時 その時
その時 その時
その時 その時
窒素
りん
COD
りん
窒素
COD 窒素りん
ＣＯＤ
11
流量 負荷量 負荷量 負荷量 流量 負荷量 の窒素 のりん 流量 負荷量 のCOD のりん 流量 負荷量 のCOD の窒素
日 流量
濃度 負荷量 濃度 負荷量 濃度 負荷量
負荷量
負荷量
負荷量 負荷量
負荷量
負荷量
数
12
記載
481 3.5
1.7
4.0
1.9 0.23 0.11 521 1.6
2.1 0.11 510
2.4
2.0 0.14 491
3.1
1.8 0.14 503 0.21
2.2
2.5
1330
例

月

4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
1
O.K.
O.K.
O.K.
O.K.
2
↑
全項目を入力しても｢データ不備｣と表示される場合は､以下の式が成立するか再確認する
3【稼働日数】＝【入力セルの数 (流量０を除く)】＋【 (右４行で)欠測等により"1"を入力したセルの数】

0
1
2
3

4

14
5

15
16

6

17
7

18
19

8

20
9

21
22

10

23
11

24
25

12

26
13

27
28
29
15

30
31

欠測月数
ﾃﾞｰﾀ数の整合性

16

0

0

0

88

O.K. O.K. O.K. O.K. O.K. O.K. O.K. O.K. O.K. O.K. O.K. O.K. O.K. O.K. O.K. O.K. O.K. O.K. O.K. O.K. O.K. O.K. O.K.

18

↑全項目を入力した時点で「要確認」と表示される場合は､【4～3月の入力セルの数】＋【欠測月数(稼動しなかった月数を含む)】＝12 が成立するか確認する 19

7 Effluent Standards① National Effluent Standards② Stringent Effluent Standards （Hyogo Prefecture)89

7 ① National Effluent Standards –for protecting Human Health
The national effluent standards are uniformly applied in Japan. They are made up of two
categories: the standards for protecting human health (28 substances including cadmium andcyanide) and the standards for protecting the living environment (15 items).

Toxic Substances

Permissible Limits

Toxic Substances

Permissible Limits

cadmium and its compounds

0.1 mg/l

cis-1, 2-dichloro ethylene

0.4 mg/l

cyanide compounds

1 mg/l1, l, 1-trichloro ethane

3 mg/l1, 1, 2-trichloro ethane

0.06 mg/l

l, 3-dichloropropene

0.02 mg/lorganic phosphorus compounds(parathion, methyl parathion, methyl
demeton and EPN only)

1 mg/llead and its compounds

0.1 mg/lthiram0.06 mg/l

sexivalent chrome compounds

0.5 mg/l

simazine

0.03 mg/l

arsenic and its compounds

0.1 mg/l

thiobencarb

0.2 mg/l

total mercury

0.005 mg/l

benzene

0.1 mg/l

alkyl mercury compounds

Not detectableselenium and its compounds

0.1 mg/l

PCBs

0.003 mg/lboron and its compounds

trichloroethylene

0.1 mg/l

Non-Coastal regions 10 mg/l
Coastal regions 230 mg/l
Non-Coastal regions 8 mg/l
Coastal regions 15 mg/l

tetrachloroethylene

0.1 mg/l

fluoride and its compounds

dichlorornethane

0.2 mg/l

carbon tetrachloride

0.02 mg/l

l, 2-dichloro ethane

0.04 mg/l

ammonia, ammonium
compounds, nitrate andnitrite compounds(Total of ammonia-N multipliedby 0.4, nitrite-N, and nitrate-N.)

1,4-dioxane

0.5 mg/l

1, 1-dichloro ethylene

0.2 mg/l

1,000 mg/l

90

7 ① National Effluent Standards –for protecting the living environment
Living Environment Items

Permissible Limitshydrogen ion activity (pH)Non-marine 5-8-8.6
Marine 5.0-9.0

Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD)

160 mg/l (Daily Average 120 mg/l)

Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD)

160 mg/l (Daily Average 120 mg/l)

suspended solids (SS)

200 mg/l (Daily Average 150 mg/l)

n-hexane extracts (mineral oil)

5 mg/ln-hexane extracts (animal and vegetable fats)

30 mg/lphenols

5 mg/lcopper

3 mg/lzinc

2 mg/ldissolved iron

10 mg/ldissolved manganese

10mg/lchromium

2 mg/lnumber of coliform groups

Daily Average 3000/cm3

nitrogen

120 mg/l (Daily Average 60 mg/l)

phosphorus

16 mg/l (Daily Average 80 mg/l)

91

7 ② Stringent Effluent Standards (Hyogo Prefecture)
The national (uniform) effluent standards define 28 substances
relating to human health, including cadmium and cyanide, and 15
substances relating to the living environment.
However, it is difficult for the government to achieve EQSs using
uniform standards in water bodies where there are many pollution
producers.
In such water bodies, the prefectural government may define
stricter standards ("stringent effluent standards") in addition to theuniform standards of the national government.
If stringent effluent standards are defined, these values apply tothe regulations of the Water Pollution Control Law.
Stringent effluent standards are defined according to the local
situations in each of the nation's prefectures.
92Regulation on Industrial Wastewater in Hyogo Prefecture*1 : Effluent volume is gauged by daily average except *4*2 : Applied only for specified regions*3 : Only for out of specified regions*4 : Effluent volume is gauged by daily maximum
Applied only for specified regions

Effluent volume*1 (m3/day)Others～ 30

30 ～ 5050 ～human health

●

●

●

-

the living environment

-

-

●

-

human health

●

●

●

-

the living environment

-

●

●

-

Total pollutant load regulating standards

-

-

●*2

-

REPORT(Water Pollution Control Law)

●

●

●*3

-

APPLY FOR A PERMISSION(Law for Conservation of theEnvironment of the Seto Inland Sea)

-

-

●*4

-

National
standards
Standards

Specified Establishment

Stringent
standards

Installation or change of
construction, etc. ofSpecified Facility

related to theprotection ofrelated to theprotection of93

7 ② Stringent Effluent Standards (Hyogo)–for protecting Human Health
Toxic Substances

Permissible Limits
Hyogo Prefecture
NationA*B*
0.7 mg/l

0.3 mg/l

1 mg/l(parathion, methyl parathion, methyl
demeton and EPN only)

0.7 mg/l

0.3 mg/l

1 mg/lhexavalent chrome compounds

0.35 mg/l

0.1 mg/l

0.5 mg/l

arsenic and its compounds-

0.05 mg/l

0.1 mg/l

cyanide compounds
organic phosphorus compounds

A* : establishments specified before the stringent effluent standards set
B* : the other specified establishments* Applied for all the area in Hyogo Prefecture94

7 ② Stringent Effluent Standards (Hyogo)–for protecting the Living Environment
Hyogo Prefecture

Living Environment Items

Nation(mg/l)

A*

B*

C*

D*

E*

F*

BOD

25 (20)25 (20)

25
(20)

40
(30)

30
(20)

20
(10)

160
(120)

COD

25 (20)25 (20)

～60
(～50)

40
(30)

30
(20)

20
(10)

160
(120)

SS

60 (40)60 (40)90 (70)

50
(40)

40
(30)

30
(20)

200
(150)

n-hexane extracts (mineral oil)

-

1

-

1

5

n-hexane extracts(animal and vegetable fats)

-

5

-

5

30

Phenols

-

0.1

-

0.1

5

Copper

-

0.5

-

0.5

3

Zinc

-

1.5

-

1.5

2

Dissolved iron

-

2

-

2

10

Dissolved manganese

-

2

-

2

10

Chromium

-

0.6

-

0.6

2

number of coliform groups (/cm3)

-

(800)

-

(800)

(3000)

95

A* : hotel, rest house, etc.
B* : medical agency, laboratory, etc.
C* : sewage treatment facility
D* ～ F* : The others

Effluent volume(m3/day)
D* : ～100
E* : 100～400
F* : 400～

1. Figures in parentheses ( ) are daily average
2. In Hyogo Prefecture, stringent effluent standards differ
according to public water area, age of facility,
amount of effluent volume, and type of industry.
3. They are the standards for newly specified establishmentsin specified water area of Seto Inland sea.
4. They are applied only for establishmentswith more than 30m3/day effluent.

96

8 Water Pollution Control Law3 (on-site inspection)
Related to Areawide Total
Pollutant Load Control

Effluent
Specified effluent

On-site inspection

Specified water
infiltrate into groundwater

Reports collected

Determined that there is a possibility thatareawide total pollutant lord control standard
not metRelated to Groundwater

Failure to comply
with effluent standards
Order
remedy, etc.

Failure or possible failure
to comply with effluent standards

Ordercorrective measures

Determined that there is a possibility thatspecified water infiltrating into groundwatercontains toxins

Ordercorrective measures
Violation of order
Penalty97

Report and Inspection
The governor of a prefecture may• call for a report from a person who has set up or who is theowner of a specified facility concerning the condition of thespecified facility, the method of treatment of polluted water, etc.,
and other necessary matters;• or have his officials enter the specified factory and inspect the
specified facility or other related matters.

98On-site inspection in Hyogo Prefecture
Factories
Applied or permitted
establishments

Approximately
9,400

Concentration regulated
establishments

Approximately
1,600

TMDL establishments

Approximately
1900

Inspection

Administrative action

Approximately
1,400
establishments/year(2017FY)

Approximately
80
establishments/year(2017FY)

Household wastewater
treatment rate(%)

Change of Household wastewater treatment rate in Hyogo
Prefecture
100
90
80
70

91.793.3
89.6

96.1 96.8

97.6 97.8

97.3
86.9
94.7
85.7
84.8
83.7
82.4
81.0
80.9
77.779.4
78.0
83.7
73.7
73.175.4
72.0
71
68.169.8
69
Hyogo Pref.
75.8
66
64
National
62
99

60
1993

1996

1999

2002

2005

2008

Appendix

100

History of Laws about Water Pollution
1948 Agricultural Chemicals Regulation Law
1956 Industrial Water Law
Water Quality Conservation Law
1958
Factory Effluent Control Law
1967 Basic Law for Environmental Control
Water Pollution Control Law (WPCL)
1970
Agricultural Land Soil Pollution Prevention Law
1972 Revision of WPCL (Absolute liability introduced )Interim Law for Conservation of the Environment
1973
of the Seto Inland Sea
Law Concerning Special Measures
for Conservation of the Environment of the Seto Inland Sea
1978
Revision of WPCL (Areawide Total Water Pollutant Load Control 101

for COD institutionalized)

Law Concerning Special Measures
1984 for the Preservation of Lake Water Quality
revision of Water Pollution Control Law (WPCL)
1989(Preventive measures against groundwater pollution institutionalized)
1990

revision of WPCL

(Measures against domestic effluent institutionalized)

Basic Environment Law
1993(Revised law of Basic Law for Environmental Control (1967))
revision of WPCL (Measures against groundwater pollution
1996
and oil flown out by accidents institutionalized)
1997

establishement of Environmental Quality Standards

for groundwater pollution
1999 Law Concerning Special Measures against Dioxins
Expansion of Total Water Pollutant Load Control System
2001(nitrogen and phosphorus added)
2002 Soil Pollution Control Law
revision of Law Concerning Special Measures for Conservation of the2015 Environment of the Seto Inland Sea （basic ideology etc. added)102

Other related Laws for the Protection of the Water Environment

Conservation of Soil Environment– Agricultural Land Soil Pollution Prevention Law (1970)

Conservation of Ground Environment
Prevention of Ground Subsidence– Industiral Water Law (1956)

Prevention of Pollution by Agricultural Chemicals–Agricultural Chemicals Regulation Law (1948)
103

Water Pollution Control Law
The purposes of this law• To prevent the pollution of water in the public water areas andgroundwater by regulating effluent discharged into the public water areas
and water poured into underground by factories or establishments• thereby To protect human health and preserve the living

environment• To protect sufferers by setting forth stipulations regarding the
responsibilities of the proprietors of factories or establishments tocompensate the damage in cases where human health is damaged bypolluted water or wastewater discharged from factories or establishments
full text : http://www.env.go.jp/en/laws/water/wlaw/index.html

104Public Water Areas
The term "Public Water Areas" in this Law shall meanwater areas of public use
such as rivers, lakes, ports and harbors, coastal seas, etc. ,including such waterways connected thereto
as pubic waterways, irrigation waterways
and other waterways subject to public use(excluding public sewers and river-basin sewers,
for which a terminal-treatment plant is established.

105

Specified Water Area and Specified Regions
Ise Bay

Tokyo Bay- - - Pref. Border___ Border of affected area

Seto Inland Sea

106

Specified Water Area and Specified Regions• Specified Water Area
Wide public water areas (only seas almost entirely surrounded byland) into which large quantities of water discharged
in conjunction with daily life and business activities have come toflow as a result of population and industry concentration, etc. ,and for which it is recognized to be difficult to attainenvironmental quality standards for water pollution
only by means of the effluent standards• Specified Regions
The regions specified as being related to water pollution in thespecified water areas

107Installation of specified facility
A person who discharges effluents from a factory or
establishment into a public water area shall submit a report to
the governor of the prefecture, when he intends to install a
specified facility.
A person who permeates effluents which contain polluted
water, etc., related to a specified facility that use harmful
substances from a factory or an establishment into thesubsurface (inclusive of treated water thereof), shall submit areport to the governor of the prefecture, when he intends toinstall a specified facility.

108

Water Pollution Control Law4 (monitoring, accident)
Effluent

Specified facility

Oil storage
facility, etc.

Discharge / penetrationof toxins due to accident

Discharge / penetrationof oil due to accident

Specified effluent
Specified water
infiltrate into groundwater
Public waters
Groundwater
Regular monitoring-Grasp pollutant load
-Status of water pollution
Water pollution due toabnormal water shortage, etc.

Emergency measures and report

Determined that emergency measures not taken
109

Order
Emergency measures

Violation of order

PenaltyMeasures to be Taken in Case of an Accident
When an accident such as damage to specified facility occurs andit is feared that polluted water containing harmful substances or oils
might be discharged from the said specified factory into the public
water area or percolated into the ground thereby causing damage tohuman health or the living environment,a person who has set up a specified factory shall• immediately take emergency measures to prevent subsequent
discharge or permeation of polluted water containing harmful
substances or oils
• and , without delay, report to the governor of the prefecture asummary of the conditions of the accident and measures taken.

110Environmental Quality Standards’ Achievement Level (COD, N, P)-○- : Tokyo Bay-□- : Ise Bay-△- : Osaka Bay- ▲ - : Seto Inland Bay(except Osaka Bay)-■- Ariake Sea-×- Yatsushiro Sea

COD

NP
111

Thank you very much for your attention.

Harima‐nada（2017.2）

112