Domestic Wastewater Management in
Mega Manila: Partnership in Action

LLeonor CfC. ClCleofas
Deputy Administrator
Metropolitan Waterworks and Sewerage System

Securing the Future Today

The MWSS Privatization
 On August 01, 1997, the operation of Metro
Manila’s waterworks and sewerage system
was privatized under a Concession
Agreement for 25 years.
 The entire service area was divided into eastand west service areas with specific targets
for water supply, sewerage & sanitation.
Assets still belong to MWSS.

Objectives
 Transfer financial burden to the privatesector
 Improve service standards Increase operational efficiency
 Minimize tariff impact

21

MWSS Service Area

As of December 2010Land Area(sq. km.)(2011)

East Zone
Manila Water

540

1,400

17 cities/

23 cities/

Municipalities

Municipalities

Total
Population

8.40 M

6.80 M

Population
Served

7.40 M

5.90 M

Raw Water
Allocation
Allti

2,400 mld

1,600 mld% Water
SupplyCoverage88%

87%% Sewerage
Coverage

8%23%Service Area

• The world’s largest water
concession arrangement
covering 1,940 sq. km andserving 15.8 million peopleWest Zone
Maynilad

Securing the Future Today

Outline Conditions Prior to PPP
 Evolution of Service Coverageg Strategies Addressing Challenges
 Progress42

Outline Conditions Prior to PPP
 Evolution of Service Coverageg Strategies Addressing Challenges
 Progress

51997 Situation<8% Sewer Coverage

Angat
Dam
La Mesa
Dam

Minimal Septage Treatment
San JuanRiverMarikina
River

ManilaBay

 No septage treatment plant and noapproved sludge disposal site

Pasig
River

Laguna Lake

63

Outline Conditions Prior to PPP
 Evolution of Service Coverageg Strategies Addressing Challenges
 Progress

7Water Supply Coverage

Population ‘00020000
15000
10000
500001997

2011
20000
Population ‘000

Population ‘‘000

20000
15000

10000
500001997

Sewer Coverage

20111000001997

2011

Septage Management Coverage4Outline Conditions Prior to PPP
 Evolution of Service Coverageg
 Strategies Addressing Challenges
 Progress

9The Approach1997 Concession Agreement Vision:
Centralized STPs and Dedicated Sewer Systems


Huge Investment = Higher Tariff
Significant Construction Impact
Customer Resistance (Water as a Priority)
Difficulty in Securing Land
Dt li d U
d off EExistingi ti CST
DecentralizedUpgradeCSTs
Septage ManagementCombined Sewer‐Drainage Systems

105

Key Strategies

Upgrade of Communal
Septic Tanks (CSTs)
 Convert existingg CSTs todecentralized STPs
 Utilize pre‐existing
dedicated (separate) sewer
networks

SeptageManagement
 SSeptic
ti TTankk D
Desludging
l d ievery 3‐5 years
 Septic tank sludge sent totreatment facilities

Combined Sewer‐Drainage System
 For areas served byindividual septic tanks andwith no existing sewer
network

11

Key Strategies

Upgrade of Communal
Septic Tanks (CSTs)
 Convert existingg CSTs todecentralized STPs
 Utilize pre‐existing
dedicated (separate) sewer
networks

Septage
Management
 SSeptic
ti TTankk DDesludging
l d ievery 3‐5 years
 Septic tank sludge sent totreatment facilities

Combined Sewer‐Drainage System
 For areas served byindividual septic tanks andwith no existing sewer
network

126

Communal Septic Tank Issues
 Operational Inefficiency
 Lack of maintenance Outlets not working
 Illegal structures built on top

13

Communal Septic Tanks

147

Community STPs

15

Key Strategies

Upgrade of Communal
Septic Tanks (CSTs)

Septage
ManagementCombined Sewer‐
Drainage System Convert existingg CSTs todecentralized STPs
 Utilize pre‐existing
dedicated (separate) sewer
networks

 FFree SSepticti TTankk DDesludging
l d ievery 3‐5 years
 Septic tank sludge sent totreatment facilities

 For areas served byindividual septic tanks andwith no existing sewer
network

168

Septage Management

17Key Strategies

Upgrade of Communal
Septic Tanks (CSTs)

Septage
Management

Combined Sewer‐
Drainage System Convert existingg CSTs todecentralized STPs
 Utilize pre‐existing
dedicated (separate) sewer
networks

 FFree SSepticti TTankk DDesludging
l d ievery 3‐5 years
 Septic tank sludge sent totreatment facilities

 For areas served byindividual septic tanks andwith no existing sewer
network

189

Combined Sewer‐Drainage Systems

19

Outline Conditions Prior to PPP
 Evolution of Service Coverageg Strategies Addressing Challenges
 Progress20

10

Main Challenges
 Land Availability
 Stakeholder Endorsementpwith Government Agenciesg Cooperation
 Social Acceptability
 Operational Challenges

21

Land Availability

 Scarcity
Scarcit of larlargee available
a ailable spaces
 High cost of land
 Feasible locations for STPs mostly occupied byinformal settlers or privately owned

22

11

Challenges● Solid Waste & Drainage Maintenance♦ Drainage systems are clogged with solid wastes♦ Indiscriminate dumping of solid wastes in canals,creeks, river systems♦ Wastewater utility should not be the solid waste
manager

Technology Options that will give a smaller
footprints

23

Challenges● MWSS/Concessionaires need to comply with the Clean Water Act and tocomply with the decision of the Supreme Court in the clean up andrehabilitation of Manila Bay♦ Concessionaires shall implement the MWSS Master Plan to broaden
and fast track the sewerage and sanitation services♦ Implementation of a combined system for areas where separate system
is not doable♦ Due to land constraints, different technology options are being
considered that will result in a smaller footprints♦ Coordinated advocacies and policies towards behavioral changes on
dumping of solid wastes

2412

Outline Conditions Prior to PPP
 Evolution of Service Coverageg
 Strategies Addressing Challenges
 Progress25

Wastewater Facility Overview
YEAR19972011Sewage
Treatment
Pl tPlants

441

Capacity

53,150 CMD

585,994 CMD

Septage
Management
Facilities

03Capacity

01,951 CMD

2613

Scaling Up
Sanitation and Sewerage• The 25 year Concession Agreement was extended by another 15 years (to 2037)
with the condition to accelerate and double the investment for sewerage andsanitation and to support the development of new water sources.
2018

14%

30%

30%

66%

45%

2037

100%

63%

100%

2008‐20122013‐20162017‐2021

2022‐2037

TOTAL

Maynilad

US$ 113 M

US$ 411 M

US$ 604 M

US$ 622 M

US$ 1.75 B

Manila Water

US$ 295 M

US$ 680 M

US$ 164 M

US$ 481 M

US$ 1.62 B
27

SALAMATTHANK YOU

28

14

Stakeholder Endorsement

Public Consultations

Support from LGUs andother stakeholders

29

Social Acceptability

 Low willingness to Pay• Comprehensive Tariff Structure Lack of Public Information andAwareness• Strengthen Media Relationships

30

15

Operational Challenges
 Lack of expertise

Cross‐functionalCross‐TTrainingi i P
Program

Testing andCommissioning
Strategies

31

Accomplishment: Septage Management
Households Served

900,000

852,848

800,000

826,870
722,608
722
608

700,000
600,000
500,000

455,413400,000
300,000

267,178

200,000100,000‐95

601

1,133 1,796

70,181
4,380 16,016 36
36,600600

162,069
107,8111997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 201132

16

38 SewageTreatment Plants
135 million literscapacity

IMPROVED SEWER
COVERAGE
Lar est sewerage
se era e operator in the Philippines
 Largest Operates the most number of STPs with thebiggest treatment capacity

33

IMPROVED SANITATION /SEPTAGE MANAGEMENT
COVERAGE
 The leading septage management system in the region

34

17

Combined Systems
 First combined system
 Built under a basketball court
Pineda STP
4 MLD35

Combined Systems
 Awarded for its state‐of‐the‐art flood mitigating design integrated
with a community park
Olandes STP
10 MLDREGIONAL WINNER
Project Innovation Awards
Singapore
June 20103618

Combined Systems
 STP on stilts built on a flood control lagoon
Poblacion STP
11 MLD

37

Wastewater Expansion: The 3‐River Master Plan
 100% Sewer Coverage for the Marikina,
San Juan, Pasig River Catchment (2018)Rodriguez

San Mateo

 Will treat over 1 billion liters dailyy ofwastewater

Quezon CityMarikina

San Juan RiverCatchment

Marikina RiverCatchment

 Estimated Investment of PhP 50 Billion
San Juan Still subject to refinement and MWSS‐RO
Approval

Pasig
Makati
Taguig

Pasig River
Catchment

3819