2013‐02‐19

Future Vision ofDomestic Wastewater
Treatments in Korea
Prof. Sungpyo Kim
Prof
Department of Environmental Eng.
Korea University.

Contents• Water Status• Current & Past Sewage System• Future Vision of Domestic Sewage System

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Korea ?

Korea ? (Rep. of Korea)
Population
Pl ti : 50 million
illi (2012)
GDP : US$ 23,000

Four river restoration project2

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Water Status in Korea• Average annual precipitation: 1,283 mm(World annual average : 973 mm) 30% up• Average annual precipitation per capita: 2705 m3(World annual average : 26,800 m3) only 10%

Water Status in Korea

Infiltration andevaporation

http://www.danishwaterforum.dk/Docs/2012/WATER%20and%20WASTE%20WATERTREATMENT%20MARKET%20IN%20KOREA.pdf

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73.1

3.7
13.3
16.1
40

Sewage System in Korea• Domestic wastewater and industrial
wastewater have been increasing due
to urbanization and industrialization• 2010, Sewage treatment rate 90.1%

http://www.danishwaterforum.dk/Docs/2012/WATER%20and%20WASTE%20WATERTREATM
ENT%20MARKET%20IN%20KOREA.pdf

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Urban vs. Rural Sewage System inKorea• Urban area sewage systeminstallation rate is about 93.8 % close to Europe country• Rural area is only 55.2 % Developed country(65%)

Sewage Treatment Plants• Medium & Big Scale Plants(usually located in urban area)

Numbers
Installed public sewage

470

Capacity(1000 ton/d)
25,091

treatment Plants

Private sector managed

318 (67.6%)

17,023(67.8%)* Over 500 m3/day plant5

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Small Scale Wastewater Treatment
Plant• Rural Areatil 2015‐ 75% until‐ For better sewage management in agriculturalplace, we are going to investigate US$ 428
million in 3,707 small WWTPs

History about Decentralized
WWTPs in Korea• 80’s only care about urban sewaget ttreatment
t nott rurall area Pollutants from rural area is getting
important (Livestock pollution)
Civil right (Clean environment foreveryone)• 97 March. Rural Community Sewage
System act6

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Why not centralized in rural area?
• Hard to be centralized
R l ti l low
l sewage productiond ti‐ Relatively‐ Significant sewage loading change‐ Not cost effective (construction fee) Decentralized system

Common Rural CommunitySewage System• Until 1995 soil remediationb ttrenchbyh isi mostt common (79%)• Now, various processes(74 different processes)‐ Mainly from Activated Sludge‐ SBR, A2O etc…

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2013‐02‐19Problems• Management‐ Man power‐ Low Skill & Know how

Sewage Vision 2050

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Korea in Future?
• Population‐ Total numbers‐ % Seniors‐ % 1 or 2 households‐ Sewage per capita‐ Commercial Sewage

2030 Sewage Policy• Safe & Sustainable Sewage System‐ Urban flooding protecting sewage‐ CSO reductions in combined sewage‐ Disposer appropriate sewage‐ Customer friendly sewage statistics‐ Odor control sewage‐ Value creating sewage‐ System asset management sewage‐ Decentralized small wastewater treatment
plant92013‐02‐19• Continuous financial Investment• Improved WWTP management

individual or clusters ?
• No golden rules exist‐ Cost is the most important factor : sewer
construction and treatment fee‐ Maybe, new decentralized plants can beconstructed in urban area but improved
treatment efficiency is more critical factor
in rural area10

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IT technology is out there

IT technology combined
Technology is out there
but other issues should
be considered‐ Human control can be
minimized but essential‐ Better operationstrategy‐ Energy efficient system11

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Korean Standard• There are a number of technologies exist• Ex) 26 different processes are used in small 47 WWTPS in
Kyung‐nam province• Which one is the best in a specific region ? (target, cost, etc..)

Customer Friendly Technology

Here, Technology does notmean onlyl science
ior Eng.
E butb t
also culture, design and way oflife12

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Customer Service• More friendly information.
Don't be afraid to biteoff more than you canchew.

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