近畿大学次世代基盤技術研究所報告 Vol. 9（2018）71－75

ࣃࣝࣉ⧄⥔ศᩓಁ㐍ࣉ࣮ࣟࣔࢱᚋὶ㡿ᇦ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ⧄⥔⃰ᗘศᕸゅ⏣ ຾*1㸪⸨ᮏ ኴ㑻*2


Fiber-Concentration Distributions of Pulp Liquid in the Wake of Dispersion Promoter
Masaru SUMIDA*1 and Taro FUJIMOTO*2


The flow characteristics of a pulp liquid in the wake of a dispersion promoter wereinvestigated to explore the feasibility of improving the hydraulic headbox of a papermaking
machine. This research was undertaken as a basic test of a screen-type model, in which a circularcylinder has been inserted in a channel. The test was performed using a pulp liquid with a fiber
concentration ranging from 0.3 to 1.0 wt% under flow velocity conditions of Ua = 0.016 0.74 m/s.
The distributions of the fiber concentration were measured by transmitted light attenuation
method. The obtained results are illustrated, and the influence of the flow velocity on thecharacteristics of the wake behind the cylinder are argued with reference to findings previously
reported (Sumida and Fujimoto, 2010). The fiber-concentration distribution changes in the flow
direction were large in the section from the cylinder to four times its diameter. The findings
provide useful information for the development of hydraulic headboxes.
Keywords: Pulp Liquid Flow, Fiber-Concentration Distribution, Wake, Dispersion Promoter,Headbox, Flow Visualization㸬ࡣࡌࡵ࡟⣬ࡢཎᩱ࡛࠶ࡿࣃࣝࣉᾮࡣᮌᮦ≀㉁ࢆỈ࡟⦩⃮ࡋࡓࡶࡢ࡛㸪ᢒ⣬ᶵ࡛ࡣᮌᮦ⧄⥔ࢆࡼࡾศᩓࡉࡏࡓ≧ែ࡛⣬ᖜ᪉ྥ࡟ᆒ୍࡟ὶ㏿࡜ὶྥࢆᥞ࠼࡚࣊ࢵࢻ࣎ࢵࢡࢫ㸦ᅗ 1 ཧ↷㸧࠿ࡽᄇฟࡉࡏࡿࡇ࡜ࡀồࡵࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮኱ᾘ㈝⏘ᴗ࡛࠶ࡿ〇⣬ᴗ⏺࡟ࡣ୍ᒙࡢ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮๐ῶࡀྉࡤࢀ㸪ฟ᮶ࡿࡔࡅ㧗⃰ᗘᢒ⣬ྍ⬟࡞࣊ࢵࢻ࣎ࢵࢡࢫࡢ㛤Ⓨࡀᙉࡃᮃࡲࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ࡑࡢࡓࡵ㸪࣊ࢵࢻ࣎ࢵࢡࢫࡢὶ㊰ᵓ㐀࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣ㸪ࣃࣝࣉࡢ⧄⥔ศᩓࢆ㧗ࡵࡿࡓࡵࡢດຊࡸᨵၿࡀᵝࠎ࡞ᙧ࡛ヨ⾜ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ(1)~(4)㸬ࡋ࠿ࡋ࡞ࡀࡽ㸪ࣃࣝࣉᾮࡣప⃰ᗘ࡛࠶ࡗ࡚ࡶὶື୰࡟ࡣ⧄⥔ྠኈࡀ⤡ࡲࡗ࡚ࣇࣟࢵࢡࢆᙧᡂࡍࡿ࡜࠸࠺จ㞟ᛶࢆ᭷ࡋ࡚࠾ࡾ㸪㧗⃰ᗘ௙ᵝ࡟ྥࡅ࡚ࡢᨵၿࡣ㞴ࡋ࠸ࡢࡀ⌧≧࡛࠶ࡿ(5)㸬
ࡑࡇ࡛㸪࣊ࢵࢲ࣮࠿ࡽ౪⤥ࡉࢀࡿࣃࣝࣉᾮࢆከᏍ⟶࠿ࡽ࡞ࡿࢳ࣮ࣗࣈࣂࣥࢡࢆ⤒࡚࣊ࢵࢻ࣎ࢵࢡࢫෆࡢศᩓ㒊࡬ᑟࡃ㐣⛬࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡶ㸪⧄⥔ศᩓࢆྥୖࡉࡏࡼ࠺࡜ࡍࡿྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳࡀ 1990 ᖺ௦࡟⾜ࢃࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ (1), (6) 㸬Hauptmann ࡽࡢ◊✲(6)࡛ࡣ㸪≀యᚋὶ࡛ࡢ஘ࢀࢆ฼⏝ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡬ࡢᴫᛕᅗࡀ✵Ẽὶ࡛ࡢ᪤ ࡢ⤖ᯝࢆᇶ࡟ᥦ♧ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ࡋ࠿ࡋ㸪ࡑࡢᚋ㸪ᙼࡽࡢᴫᛕ᱌ࢆࣇ࢛࣮ࣟ࢔ࢵࣉࡋࡓ◊✲౛ࡣ㸪ṧᛕ࡞ࡀࡽ⌧ᅾ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡶぢ࠶ࡓࡽ࡞࠸㸬ࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞⌧ἣ࡟㚷ࡳ㸪ᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣὶ㊰ධࡾཱྀ๓࡟ࢫࢡ࣮ࣜࣥ㸦᱁Ꮚ≧ࡢ㝽㛫㸧ࢆ㏻ࡍࢫࢡ࣮ࣜࣥᆺࢆᛕ
㢌࡟㸪ࡲࡎࡣ᭱ࡶᇶᮏⓗ࡞᱁Ꮚᙧ≧࡛࠶ࡿ෇ᰕࢆ⧄⥔ศᩓಁ㐍ࣉ࣮ࣟࣔࢱ࡜ࡋ࡚▴ᙧ᩿㠃ࢳࣕࢿࣝෆ࡟༢୍タ⨨ࡋࡓὶࢀሙ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚㸪ᐇ㝿ࡢࣃࣝࣉᾮࢆ⏝࠸࡚ࡑࡢ⃰ᗘศᕸ≉ᛶࢆㄪᰝࡋࡓ㸬 ཎ✏ཷ௜ 2018 ᖺ 4 ᭶ 5 ᪥*1 ㏆␥኱ᏛᕤᏛ㒊 ᶵᲔᕤᏛ⛉ ᩍᤵ㸪ḟୡ௦ᇶ┙ᢏ⾡◊✲ᡤ ᩍᤵ㸦ࠛ739-2116 ᮾᗈᓥᕷ㧗ᒇ࠺ࡵࡢ㎶ 1 ␒㸧E-mail sumida@hiro.kindai.ac.jp*2 ඖ㏆␥኱Ꮫ኱Ꮫ㝔 ࢩࢫࢸ࣒ᕤᏛ◊✲⛉ ࢩࢫࢸ࣒ᕤᏛᑓᨷ ༤ኈ๓ᮇㄢ⛬㸦ࠛ739-2116 ᮾᗈᓥᕷ㧗ᒇ࠺ࡵࡢ㎶ 1 ␒㸧㐃⤡ඛ㸸ゅ⏣ ຾㸦◊✲௦⾲⪅㸧

－ 71 － ᅗ 1㸬ࣁ࢖ࢻࣟࣜࢵࢡᆺ࣊ࢵࢻ࣎ࢵࢡࢫ㸬ᐇ㦂⿦⨨࠾ࡼࡧ᪉ἲ
ᮏᐇ㦂࡛⏝࠸ࡓ⿦⨨ࡢᴫ␎(7), (8)ࢆᅗ 2 ࡟㸪ࡲࡓࢸࢫࢺࢭࢡࢩࣙࣥࡢᴫ␎ཬࡧᗙᶆ⣔ࢆᅗ 3 ࡟ࡑࢀࡒࢀ♧ࡍ㸬ヨ㦂ὶ㊰ࡣ㏱᫂࢔ࢡࣜࣝ〇ࡢᖜ B =70 mm㸪㧗ࡉ H=20 mm ࡢ▴ᙧ᩿㠃ࢆ᭷ࡍࡿ㛗ࡉ⣙ 2000 mm ࡢࢳࣕࢿ࡛ࣝ࠶ࡿ㸬ࡇࡢࢳࣕࢿࣝ࡟ࡣ㸪ධࡾཱྀࡼࡾ 1200 mmࡢ᩿㠃୰ኸ࡟༢୍᱁Ꮚ࡜ࡋ࡚┤ᚄ d =15 mm ࡢ෇ᰕᆺࡢศᩓࣉ࣮ࣟࣔࢱࡀᤄධࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ࡇࢀࡽࡢㅖඖࡣ㸪࠶ࡿᐇ⏝ᢒ⣬ᶵࡢᙧ≧ࢆᇶ࡟ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ࣃࣝࣉᾮὶࢀࡢྍど໬࡟ࡣ㸪ග㏱㐣ῶ⾶ἲࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ㸬ྍど໬⏝ᖹ⾜ග⥺ࡢග※࡜ࡋ࡚ࡣᾮᬗࣉࣟࢪ࢙ࢡࢱ
(150W)ࢆ⏝࠸㸪ヨ㦂ὶ㊰ࡢୗ᪉࠿ࡽ ᐃ㒊࡟ᆒ୍࡟↷ᑕࡋ㸪㏱㐣ῶ⾶ࡋࡓගࢆࢳࣕࢿࣝୖ᪉࠿ࡽࣁ࢖ࢫࣆ

࣮ࢻ࣓࢝ࣛ㸦Photoron 〇, FASTCAM-1024PCI㸧࠾ࡼࡧࢹ࢕ࢪࢱ࣓ࣝ࢝ࣛ㸦Nikon 〇㸪D100㸧࡛᧜ᙳࡋࡓ㸬᧜ᙳ⏬ീࡣ PC ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚グ㘓ࡉࢀࡿ࡜࡜ࡶ࡟㸪ᚋ㏙ࡍࡿ᪉ἲ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ࣃࣝࣉ⧄⥔⃰ᗘ C ࡀ⟬ฟࡉࢀࡿ㸬౪ヨࣃࣝࣉᾮ࡟ࡣ㸪୍⯡ⓗ࡞ୖ㉁⣬⏝ࡢࢡࣛࣇࢺࣃ
ࣝࣉ(LBKP) ࢆ౑⏝ࡋࡓ㸬ᐇ㦂᮲௳ࡣ㸪ᐇ㝿ࡢᢒ⣬ᶵ࡛౑⏝ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࣃࣝࣉ⧄⥔㔜㔞⃰ᗘ Cs ࢆཧ⪃࡟ Cs=0.3㹼1.0wt㸣㸪ࢳࣕࢿࣝධཱྀ࡛ࡢ᩿㠃ᖹᆒὶ㏿ Ua 㸻
0.016㹼0.74 m/s ࡛⾜ࡗࡓ㸬ࢳࣕࢿࣝෆ࡟タ⨨ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࣉ࣮ࣟࣔࢱࡢ෇ᰕ┤ᚄ d ࡟ᇶ࡙ࡃࣞ࢖ࣀࣝࢬᩘ࡛
ࡣ㸪Red =Ua࣭d /ν =240㹼11000 㸦ν㸸Ỉࡢື⢓ᛶಀᩘ㸧࡛࠶ࡿ㸬㸬ග㏱㐣ἲ࡟ࡼࡿࣃࣝࣉ⧄⥔⃰ᗘศᕸࡢホ౯᪉ἲᮏ❶࡛ࡣ㸪㏱㐣ගῶ⾶ἲ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ࣃࣝࣉὶࢀᾮ୰ࡢ⧄⥔⃰ᗘࢆホ౯ࡍࡿ⡆౽࡞᪉ἲ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚㏙࡭ࡿ㸬ࡇࡢ᪉ἲࡣ㸪ග㊰୰࡟Ꮡᅾࡍࡿࣃࣝࣉ⧄⥔ࡢᩓ஘࡜྾཰࡟
ࡼࡿῶ⾶≉ᛶ࡟ᇶ࡙࠸࡚࠾ࡾ㸪㏱㐣ࡋࡓගࡢᙉᗘࢆ㍤
ᗘ࡜ࡋ࡚ ᐃࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡗ࡚㸪ࡑࡢග㊰࡟ࢃࡓࡿ㔜㔞⃰ᗘࡀᚓࡽࢀࡿ㸬ᅗ 4 ࡣ㸪
ࢳࣕࢿࣝ୰ᚰ㍈ࢆྵࡴ x㸫y 㠃ෆ࡟ᖜ 60 mm
×㛗ࡉ 100 mm ࡢ᳨ᰝ㡿ᇦࢆ࡜ࡗ࡚㸪඘ศ᧠ᢾࡉࢀࡓ౪ヨࣃࣝࣉᾮ⃰ᗘ Cs ࡜᳨ᰝ㡿ᇦෆࡢ㍤ᗘ್ I ࡢᖹᆒ್IA ࡜ࡢ㛵ಀࢆ♧ࡋࡓࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬ᅗࡣ Cs = 0.3wt㸣࡛ࡢᖹᆒ㍤ᗘࡢ್ IA,0.3 ࡛ࡶࡗ࡚㝖ࡋ࡚♧ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ࡇࡢ㛵ಀࡣ㸪౪ヨࣃࣝࣉᾮ⃰ᗘࡢ ᐃ⠊ᅖ㸦0.03 ≤ Cs ≤3wt%㸧࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡣ㸪ᅗ୰ࡢᐇ⥺࡛♧ࡍḟᘧࡢࡼ࠺࡞⡆༢࡞ᐇ㦂ᘧ࡛⾲ࡉࢀࡿࡇ࡜ࡀศ࠿ࡿ㸬     IA /IA,0.3㸻(Cs /Cs,0.3)-b࡞࠾㸪b ࡢ್ࡣᩘ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬   ᐃ⣔࠾ࡼࡧග㊰㛗࡞࡝࡟౫Ꮡࡍࡿಀ

101

IA /I A,0.3

ᅗ 2㸬ᐇ㦂⿦⨨ᴫ␎ᅗ(7), (8)

100

10-1
10-2

10-1

100

C s /C s,0.3101

ᅗ 4㸬ග㏱㐣ῶ⾶ἲ࡟ࡼࡿ㍤ᗘ࡜⃰ᗘࡢ㛵ಀ

ᅗ 3㸬ヨ㦂ὶ㊰࡜ᗙᶆ⣔－ 72 －(1)ᮏホ౯᪉ἲ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡣ㸪࠶ࡿⅬ(x㸪y)࡛ࡢᒁᡤ⃰ᗘC(x㸪y)࡜㍤ᗘ್ I(x㸪y)࡜ࡢ㛵ಀ࡟ࡣ㸪ୖᘧ࡜඲ࡃྠ
ࡌ㛵ಀࡀᡂࡾ❧ࡘࡶࡢ࡜ࡋ࡚

C (x, y)/Cs㸻㹹I (x, y)/Is㹻-1/㹠(2)࡜࠾ࡃ㸬ࡇࡇ࡛㸪Is ࡣ Cs ್࡟ᑐᛂࡍࡿィ⟬㡿ᇦෆࡢ㍤ᗘࡢᖹᆒ್࡛࠶ࡿ㸬ࡕ࡞ࡳ࡟㸪ᅗ 4 ࡟♧ࡍ Cs 㸻0.3wt㸣ࡢሙྜ㸪b ࡢ್ࡣ 0.53 ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬㸬⤖ᯝ࡜⪃ᐹ ⴭ⪅ࡽࡣඛࡢሗ࿌(7)࡟࠾࠸࡚㸪┿┤࡞ࢳࣕࢿࣝෆࡢ
ࣃࣝࣉᾮࡢὶࢀ≉ᛶࡣ㸪⧄⥔ᣲືࡢほⅬ࡟ࡼࡾ 5 ࡘࡢࣃࢱ࣮ࣥ(PatternϨ㹼Ϭ)࡟኱ู࡛ࡁࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ᫂ࡽ࠿
࡟ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ᅗ 5 ࡣ㸪୍㎶ࡢ㛗ࡉࡀ 20 mm ࡢṇ᪉ᙧ᩿㠃ࢳࣕࢿࣝෆࡢὶࢀࢆ኱ูࡋࡓࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬ࢳࣕࢿࣝෆ࡟࠾ࡅࡿࣃࣝࣉᾮࡢὶࢀᵝᘧࡣ㸪᩿㠃ᖹᆒὶ㏿ Ua
࡜౪ヨࣃࣝࣉᾮࡢ⃰ᗘ Cs ࡟౫Ꮡࡋ࡚ኚ໬ࡍࡿ(8)㸬Cta/Cs ࡢศᕸࡣ✺ฟࡋࡓᙧ≧ (x/d = 0) ࢆ♧ࡋ࡚ὶୗࡍࡿ㸬୍᪉㸪෇ᰕ⾲㠃ࡢ๓᪉࠿ࡽࡣ⃰ᗘࡢప࠸Ỉ⎔㒊ࡢὶయࡀ㸪෇ᰕࡢᚋ⦕㒊࡟ὶࢀ㎸ࢇ࡛ࡼ࡝ࡳ㡿ᇦࢆᙧᡂࡍࡿ(x/d ≈ 0.5㹼1)㸬ࡑࡢࡓࡵ㸪෇ᰕ┤ᚋ࡛ࡣ Cta ࡣ࠿࡞ࡾప࠸್ࢆ♧ࡋ㸪㹷㍈ୖࡢศᕸࡣ኱ࡁࡃ❑ࢇࡔᙧ≧࡜࡞ࡿ(ᅗ 7(a))㸬ࡇࡢࡼ࡝ࡳ㡿ᇦࡢ࿘㎶࡛ࡣ㸪จ㞟ࡋࡓ㧗⃰ᗘࣃࣝࣉ⧄⥔ሢࡀࢳࣕࢿࣝ୰ᚰ㍈࡟ᐤࡾྜࡗ
࡚ὶୗࡍࡿࡓࡵ㸪Cta ศᕸᙧ≧ࡣࡸࡸᖹᆠ໬ࡍࡿ㸦ᅗ
7(a)㸪x/d = 1.5㸧㸬ࡋ࠿ࡋ㸪ప⃰ᗘࡢࡼ࡝ࡳὶయࡣ➽≧࡜࡞ࡗ࡚ x ㍈࡟ἢࡗ࡚ᦂࡽࡂ࡞ࡀࡽὶࢀ㸪x/d > 2 ࡢ x㍈ୖ࡛ࡣ Cta /Cs ࡣ࡯ࡰ 0.9 ࡢ್ࢆྲྀࡗ࡚ὶࢀ᪉ྥኚ໬
ࡣᑠࡉࡃ࡞ࡿ㸬



Flow

ᅗ 5㸬ࢳࣕࢿࣝෆࣃࣝࣉᾮࡢὶࢀࣃࢱ࣮ࣥ
ࡢᶍᘧ(7) 㸦‫۔‬㸸ᅗ♧᮲௳㸧ᚋὶࡢ⃰ᗘศᕸ࡟ཬࡰࡍᖹᆒὶ㏿ࡢᙳ㡪ᮏሗ࿌࡛ࡣ㸪Cs=0.3wt%ࡢࣃࣝࣉᾮࢆྲྀࡾୖࡆ㸪≉ᚩⓗ࡞ᚋὶࣃࢱ࣮ࣥࡀ⏕ࡌࡓ 3 ࡘࡢᖹᆒὶ㏿ Ua ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡢ⤖ᯝࢆᅗ♧ࡍࡿ㸬ࡇࢀࡽࡢὶ㏿᮲௳ࡣ㸪ᅗ 5 ୰࡟ࡣ‫ࡢ۔‬グྕ࡛♧ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ᅗ 6 ࠾ࡼࡧᅗ 7 ࡣ㸪ࡇࢀࡽࡢ᮲௳ୗ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ⃰ᗘศᕸ࡞ࡽࡧ࡟ y ㍈ୖ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ⃰ᗘࡢ᫬㛫ᖹᆒ್ Cta ࡢศᕸࢆ♧ࡋࡓࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬ࡲࡎ㸪ࢳࣕࢿࣝෆࢆపὶ㏿࡛ࣃࣝࣉ⧄⥔ࡀࣇࣟࢵࢡ࡜ ࡋ ࡚ ୍ య ࡜ ࡞ ࡗ ࡚ ὶ ࢀ ࡿ ࡼ ࠺ ࡞ ሙ ྜ 㸦 ᅗ 6(a)㸪
7(a):Ua = 0.016 m/s, Red = 250㸹Case A㸧㸪ࣉ࣮ࣟࣔࢱ෇ᰕ๓᪉࡛ࡣࣃࣝࣉ⧄⥔ሢࡀࡸࡸワࡲࡗ࡚ࣃࣝࣉᾮ⃰ᗘࡣ㧗ࡃ࡞ࡿ(x/d = -1)㸬ࡇࡢ㧗⃰ᗘࣃࣝࣉᾮࡣ෇ᰕ๓㠃࡛ࡣ⾲㠃࡟ἢࡗ࡚ὶࢀ㸪 y ㍈ୖ෇ᰕഃ㠃ቨ㏆ࡃ࡛

－ 73 －








(a) Case A (Ua = 0.016 m/s)(b) Case B (Ua = 0.067 m/s)

00.3(c) Case C (Ua = 0.74 m/s)ᅗ 㸬ᚋὶࡢ⃰ᗘศᕸ

0.6 wt%1x/d=-1

y/d

0
2
1
0

-1-2
-1

02
1
0
-1
-2
-10
21
0
-1
-2
-1
ὶ㒊࡛ࡣ➽⥺ࡢ㡿ᇦࡀ㧗⃰ᗘὶయ࡜ΰࡊࡾྜࡗ࡚㸪⃰ᗘࡢ Cta ࡣ Cs ್࡟㏆࡙࠸࡚ᚋὶ㒊ࡢእഃ࡛ࡣẚ㍑ⓗᖹᆠ࡞㸪ෆഃࡢ୰ኸ㒊࡛ࡣ⭾ࡽࢇࡔᙧ≧࡟⛣⾜ࡍࡿ(x/d =3.5)㸬ࡉࡽ࡞ࡿୗὶ㒊࡛ࡢศᕸࡣ㸪Ⓨ㐩ࡋࡓࢳࣕࢿࣝ
ෆࡢ⃰ᗘศᕸ(7)࡟ḟ➨࡟ኚࢃࡿ㸬ࡉࡽ࡟ὶ㔞ࢆቑࡍ࡜㸦ᅗ 6(c)㸪7(c)㸸Ua = 0.74 m/s,Red= 11000㸹Case C㸧㸪ࢳࣕࢿࣝ඲యࡢὶࢀࡣ஘ὶ໬ࡍࡿ
࡜࡜ࡶ࡟㸪ࣃࣝࣉ⧄⥔ࡣࢳࣕࢿࣝෆ࡛࡯ࡰ୍ᵝ࡟ศᩓࡍࡿࡼ࠺࡟࡞ࡿ㸬ࡋࡓࡀࡗ࡚㸪x ㍈ୖࡢ Cta/Cs ࡢ್ࡣ㸪෇ᰕᚋ⦕┤ᚋ(x/d ≈ 0.5)࡛ࡣ 1 ࡼࡾࢃࡎ࠿࡟ᑠࡉ࠸್ࢆ♧ࡍࡀ㸪1d ୗὶ࡛ࡣ࡯ࡰ 1 ࡟㏆࠸್ࢆ♧ࡋ㸪y ㍈ୖ
ࡢ Cta ࡣᖹᆠ࡞ᙧ≧࡜࡞ࡿ㸬 ⃰ᗘࡴࡽ ᐇᶵࡢᢒ⣬ᶵ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡣ㸪⣬ࡢရ㉁ྥୖࡢࡓࡵ࡟ࡣ
ࣃࣝࣉᾮࢆ⃰ᗘࡴࡽࡢᑠࡉ࠸≧ែ࡛㸪ࡋ࠿ࡶὶ㏿ࢆᖜ᪉ྥ࡟୍ᵝ࡞ศᕸ࡛࣊ࢵࢻ࣎ࢵࢡࢫ࠿ࡽ࣡࢖࣮ࣖࣃ࣮
ࢺ࡬㏦ฟࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀᮃࡲࡋ࠸㸬ࡑࡇ࡛㸪ࢳࣕࢿࣝෆ࡟෇ᰕࢆタ⨨ࡋࡓࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡿࡇࢀࡽࡢᖜ᪉ྥࡢࡴࡽࡢᗘ
ྜ࠸࡟ࡘ࠸᳨࡚ウࡍࡿ㸬ࡑࡢᗘྜ࠸ࢆ y ㍈ୖࡢ Cta ศᕸࢆ⏝࠸࡚㸪ḟᘧ࡛ホ౯ࡍࡿ㸬

2 C /Cta s
00.5

1

2

1.5

34567

00.5

1

1.5

23456 x/d 7(a) Case A (Ua = 0.016 m/s)
2 C /Cta s-1x/d=0y/d

1

0

0.5

0.5

1

1

1.5

1.5

2

2

3

3

454

56 x/d 7

76(b) Case B (Ua = 0.067 m/s)
2 C /Cta s-1x/d=0y/d

1

0.5

1

1.5

2

3

45

6
7

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

345

‫ܧ‬௖ ൌ

6 x/d 7(c) Case C (Ua = 0.74 m/s)
ᅗ 7㸬᫬㛫ᖹᆒ⃰ᗘ Cta ࡢ y ㍈ୖศᕸᖹᆒὶ㏿ࢆḟ➨࡟ቑࡍ࡜㸪෇ᰕ๓ഃ⾲㠃ୖࡢỈ⎔㒊ࡢప⃰ᗘὶయ㔞ࡶቑ኱ࡋ㸪ὶࢀࡣ෇ᰕ⾲㠃࠿ࡽ๤ࡀࢀ࡚ࡃࡿ㸬࡜ྠ᫬࡟㸪ഃቨᐤࡾࡢ㧗⃰ᗘࣃࣝࣉ⧄⥔ࡣỈ⎔ὶయࡢ๤㞳ὶࢀ࡟ἢࡗ࡚ᚋ᪉࡬㐠ࡤࢀ㸪࠶ࡿ✀ࡢ๤㞳ὶ⥺㸦➽⥺㸧ࢆᙧᡂࡍࡿࡼ࠺࡟࡞ࡿ(Ua = 0.027㹼
0.044 m/s,Red = 400㹼700)㸬ࡑࡋ࡚㸪෇ᰕᚋ᪉ࡢ➽⥺ࡣᚋὶ㡿ᇦࢆᙧᡂࡋ㸪ࡑࡢᖜࡣ x = 4d ௜㏆ࡲ࡛ࡣ⣙ 1d࡜࠶ࡲࡾᗈࡀࡽ࡞࠸ࡀ㸪4d ௨㝆ࡢୗὶ࡛ࡣ኱ࡁࡃᗈࡀ
ࡿ㸦ᅗ 6(b)㸪7(b)㸸Ua = 0.067 m/s㸹Case B㸧㸬ࡇࡢ➽⥺ࡣ≧ἣࢆ෇ᰕᚋὶ㡿ᇦ࡜እഃࡢࢳࣕࣥࣝ୺ὶ࡜࡟஧
ศ໬ࡍࡿࡼ࠺࡟࡞ࡿ㸬ࡍ࡞ࢃࡕ㸪෇ᰕᚋ⦕࡟ࡣࣃࣝࣉ
⧄⥔ࡀሁ✚ࡋࡓ㧗⃰ᗘࡼ࡝ࡳ㡿ᇦࡀᙧᡂࡉࢀ㸪 x/d =0.5 ࡛ࡣ Cta ࡀ Cs ࡢ 1.5 ಸࢆ㉸ࡍ್ࢆ♧ࡍ㸬௨㝆ࡢୗὶ㒊࡛ࡣ ิࡀⓎ⏕ࡋ࡚࠾ࡾ㸪ࡇࡢ 㐠ືࡣࣃࣝࣉ⧄
⥔ࢆᕳࡁ㎸ࢇ࡛ࡺࡗࡃࡾὶୗࡋ㸪ὶࢀ୰ᚰ㍈ୖࡢ Cta
ࡣ௚ࡢὶ㏿᮲௳࡟ẚ࡭࡚᭱ࡶ኱ࡁ࠸್ࢆ♧ࡍ㸬ࡋࡓࡀࡗ࡚㸪y ㍈ୖࡢ Cta ࡢศᕸࡣ㸪෇ᰕࡢ┤ᚋ࡛➽⥺ࡀỈ⎔ὶయ࠿ࡽ࡞ࡿ x/d ≈ 0.5㹼1 ࡛ࡣ y/d ≈ ±0.6 ࡛ᒁᡤⓗ࡟❑ࡳ㸪୰ᚰ㍈ୖ࡛✺ฟࡋࡓᙧ≧ࢆ♧ࡍ㸬ࡑࡋ࡚㸪ࡑࡢୗ஻ Τଶͳන ȁ‫ܥ‬௧௔ െ ‫ܥ‬௦ ȁ݀‫ݕ‬‫ܥܤ‬௦ ି஻Ȁଶ(3)

 ᅗ 8 ࡟㸪ୖᘧࡢ⤖ᯝࢆ♧ࡍ㸬Ec ࡣ㸪ࡑࡢ್ࡀᑠࡉ࠸࡯࡝ࢳࣕࢿࣝᖜ᪉ྥࡢᆒ୍ᛶࡀ㧗࠸ࡇ࡜ࢆ♧ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬Ec ࡢὶࢀ᪉ྥኚ໬ࡣ෇ᰕᚋ᪉ x ≈ 4d ࡲ࡛ࡢ༊㛫࡛኱ࡁࡃ㸪௨㝆ࡢୗὶ࡛ࡣࡑࡢኚ໬ࡣᑠࡉ࠸ࡇ࡜ࡀศ࠿ࡿ㸬ࡲࡎ㸪పὶ㏿ࡢ Case A ࡛ࡣὶయࡣ๛యⓗ࡟ὶୗࡍࡿ
ᰦὶ࡜࡞ࡗ࡚࠾ࡾ㸪෇ᰕᚋ᪉┤ࡄ࡟ Ec ࡣᛴῶࡋ㸪ศᕸࡣᖹᆠ໬ࡍࡿ㸬୰ὶ㏿ࡢ Case B ࡛ࡣ㸪෇ᰕ┤ᚄ࡟┦ᙜࡍࡿᖜࡢᚋὶࡀ࠿࡞ࡾᚋ᪉ࡲ࡛Ꮡᅾࡋ㸪௚ࡢὶࢀCase ࡜ẚ࡭࡚ Ec ࡣࡶࡗ࡜ࡶ኱ࡁ࠸್ࢆ࡜ࡿ㸬ὶ㏿ࡢ㧗࠸ Case C ࡛ࡣ㸪Ec ࡣᮏᐇ㦂ࡢሙྜ Cta ศᕸ࡟೫ࡾࡀ⏕ࡌ࡚ x = 3d ୗὶ࡛ࡣⓎ㐩ࡋࡓࢳࣕࢿࣝෆࡢ್  ࡼࡾࡶ኱ࡁ࠸್ࢆ♧ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬   － 74 －

ᅗ 8㸬⃰ᗘศᕸࡢ୍ᵝᛶ㸬࠾ࢃࡾ࡟ᢒ⣬ᶵ࣊ࢵࢻ࣎ࢵࢡࢫὶ㊰࡛⧄⥔ศᩓࢆᅗࡿࡓࡵ࡟タࡅࡿࢫࢡ࣮ࣜࣥᆺࡢࣔࢹࣝᇶ♏ᐇ㦂࡜ࡋ࡚㸪෇ᰕᆺࣉ࣮ࣟࣔࢱࢆタ⨨ࡋࡓࢳࣕࢿࣝෆࣃࣝࣉᾮὶࢀ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚
ග㏱㐣ῶ⾶ἲ࡟ࡼࡿ⃰ᗘศᕸ㏿ᗘ ᐃ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ᚋὶ≉ᛶࢆㄪᰝࡋࡓ㸬ࡑࡢ⤖ᯝ㸪ࣇ࣮ࣟࢩ࣮ࢺ࠿ࡽ࡞ࡿศᩓ㒊ධࡾཱྀ࡟タ⨨ࡍࡿࢫࢡ࣮ࣜࣥᆺࡢሙྜ㸪㐺ᗘ࡞஘ࢀస⏝࡛⧄⥔ࣇࣟࢵࢡࢆࡲࡎࡣศゎࡋ㸪ࣇ࣮ࣟࢩ࣮ࢺ㛫࡛ศᩓ≧ែ࡜ὶ㏿ࢆᩚ࠼ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ⪃࠼ࡿ࡜㸪ὶࢀ᪉ྥኚ໬ࡀẚ㍑ⓗ⦆ࡸ࠿࡞ Case B ࡢࡼ࠺࡞ὶࢀ᮲௳ୗ࡛ຠᯝࡀ㧗࠸࡛࠶ࢁ࠺࡜᥎ᐹࡉࢀࡿ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪ᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣࢫࢡ࣮ࣜࣥᆺࡢᇶ♏◊✲࡜ࡋ࡚༢୍෇ᰕࢆᤄධࡋࡓᚋὶ≉ᛶࢆㄪᰝࡋࡓࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࡀ㸪௒ᚋࡣ」ᩘࡢ෇ᰕࢆタ⨨ࡋࡓὶ㊰࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡶ㸪ᘬࡁ⥆ࡁㄪᰝࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀᚲせ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬ㅰ㎡ᮏ◊✲࡟ᙜึ㸪᥼ຓࢆ㡬࠸ࡓ୕⳻㔜ᕤᴗओᗈᓥ◊✲ᡤ㸪ヨ㦂ࣃࣝࣉᾮࢆᥦ౪㡬࠸ࡓ⋤Ꮚ〇⣬ओ㉺๓࿴ᗈẶ࡞ࡽࡧ࡟⋤Ꮚ࣐ࢸࣜ࢔ओᖹᑿྩ⏕Ặ㸪᭷┈࡞ຓゝࢆ㡬࠸ࡓ
Valmetओ㕥ᮌ⠇ኵẶࢆࡣࡌࡵ㉥⃝㈗ᚿ࣭⸨ᮌᜨ୍ࡢ୧Ặ࡟ㅰពࢆ⾲ࡍࡿ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪ᮏᐇ㦂࡟ᦠࢃࡗࡓᙜ᫬ࡢ◊✲ᐊᏛ⏕ࡢኴ⏣₶࣭㜿㒊ᚁྐࡢ୧ྩ࡟ࡶឤㅰࡋࡲࡍ㸬࡞࠾㸪ᮏ◊✲ࡢ୍㒊ࡣ㸪⛉Ꮫᢏ⾡᣺⯆ᶵᵓ(JST)ᆅᇦ࢖ࣀ࣮࣋
ࢩࣙࣥ๰ฟ⥲ྜᨭ᥼஦ᴗࠕࢩ࣮ࢬⓎ᥀ヨ㦂ࠖ࡞ࡽࡧ࡟⛉Ꮫ◊✲㈝⿵ຓ㔠㸦ㄢ㢟␒ྕ 26420127㸧ࡢຓᡂ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ᐇ᪋ࡉࢀࡓࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆグࡋ㸪ឤㅰࡢពࢆ⾲ࡍࡿ㸬(5) H¦m¦l¦inen, J., Lindstr¸m, S. B., H¦m¦l¦inen, T.
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