Country Reporton
Disaster Management in Nepal

Administrative Divisions

Religions-Development Regions

5- Hindus

82.6%- Zones14- Buddhists

7.8 %- Districts

75- Islam

3.8 %- Municipalities

58- Others

2.2 %- VDCs.

3,914

A South Asian country between India and China with Total Area of 147,181 sq. km. The lowest
elevation is 60 meters and the highest one is 8,848 meters.

1Administrative Zones of Nepal

Administrative Divisions

Religions

Development Regions

5Zones

14Districts

75

Municipalities

58

VDCs.

Hindus82.6%

Buddhists

7.8%

Islam

3.8%Others

2.2%39142

NepalFloods 1993
1336 died
Earthquakes1988
721 died

Earthquakes 1980
103 died
Epidemics 1998
1207 died

Epidemics

Earthquakes
Earthquakes

FloodsKathmandu

3

Country Reporton
Disaster Management in Nepal
1.Geographical Settings
2.Disaster Scenarios
1.Floods
a.Budhigandaki Floodb.Change of Koshi River Course
c.Makawanpur& Shindhuli Flood
2.Landslides
a.Tatopani Landslideb.Syanjya Landslidec.Shravandanda Landslide

1.Geographical Settings
2.Disaster Scenarios
1.Geographical Settings
2.Disaster Scenarios
Loss of Lives by Disaster(1983-2003)

Number of Deaths in 00012000100008000
6000
4000
2000
0
Fld&Lsld

Fires

W/H/T

Disasters

4Loss of Lives by Floods and Landslides(19832003)-1.

No. of Deaths in (00)

700
600
500
40030020010001983

1985

1987

1989

1991

Years

Loss of Lives by Floods and Landslides (19832003)-2

No of Deaths in (00)

1400
1200
1000
800
600
4002000
1993

1995

1997

1999

2001

2003

Years

5

3.Earthquakes
a.Earthquake of 1934 A.D.
b.Earthquake of 1980 A.D.
C.Earthquake of 1988 A.D.
4.Firesa.Myanglung Fires-Tehrathum
b.Kabilasa Fires-Saptaric.Belichapena Fires- Saptari
5.Epidemics
6.Drought
7.Avalanche
8.GLOF
9.Windstorm,Thunderbolt & Hailstone
3.Factor Leading to Disaster Occurrencesa. Floodsb. Landslides
c. Earthquakes
d. Firese. Epidemics
f. Droughtg. Avalancheh. GLOF•

4.Measures for Combating Disasters
A. National Measures
1.The Legal System and Structure of DMS(a) Disaster Relief Act(b) Disaster Management System
2.Plans, Programs and Strategies(a) Disaster Management in National Plans(b) National Action Plan(c) Natural Disaster Management Department(d) River Control Policy(e) Formulation of a Comprehensive River Law(f ) Watershed Development Policy(g) National Water Resource Strategy
3. Good Practices(a) Early Warning System Introduced(b) Community Based Disaster Management Program(c) The KTM Valley Earthquake Risk Management Pgrm(d) Seismic Vulnerability Assessment of Hospitals
4. Provision of Funds
5. Agencies Involved in Disaster Management

6B. International Response(a) Resource Management(b) Capacity Building(c) Information Sharing(d) International Character of Disasters
5. International commitments & Nepal(a) Yokohama Strategy and Plan of Action(b) International Decade for Natural Disaster Reduction (IDNDR)(c) International Strategy for Disaster Reduction (ISDR)(d) Kobe Disaster Reduction Declaration(e) The Millennium Declaration(f) Hyogo Declaration

6. Areas of Needs & challenges(a) Resources(b) Political Commitment(c) Integrated Information System(d) Database System(e) Fire Fighting Services & Fire Codes(f) Awareness Raising Program
Challenges-Lack of coordination among authorities-Lack of preventive measures-Lack of modern early warning system-Lack of reliable assessment of vulnerable areas-Lack of appraisal of natural disasters in development plans-Lack of adherence to the building codes- Unplanned settlements even in the vulnerable areas

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