J. Jpn. Soc. Soil Phys.
^¼f%No. +*1, p. /10+ ,**1   *On Homogeneous Packing of Dry ParticlesTakeyuki ANNAKA** Faculty of Agriculture, Yamagata University, +ῑ,- Wakaba-machi,Tsuruoka, Yamagata, 331ῑ2///, Japan}/  Bw +.1 cm ~1 BCCE,+       "#$%&'

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LM=@ ῏ D+MH<"K-*" :;*R!S"=#T:;=N ῐ DDb  <&'=UM$*M*+%0 % $VW%#"&WOK"_ ;; PD9Db<OK%#"XY#567 <Z  I [H$:;=N0

JK"$VW% [+,'\E%(]"&W%)Q -" <PMJK"[HK$(]=*+E ^Q,-=.Q"_`ab-*:;=N= (]DbRb=q%0 S*S"*+,$"@0 T8$%#<Z .Q%c/ 0dQ¡¢%(]1 < .I/ JK" U ["1e .micro-layering/ 223 .segregation/ "E(]£<V¤W¥Uij"$UH¦,4,$fg=h@ .5KL Lebron and0 q%T #§K<:;N%T9' "Robinson, ,**-/0 ij%TE,I .</ JK"=;Xklm

n .randomizer/ .Glass et al., +323/  $%<=),$.YZ|¨© ,***/0 % ª«D< E6o@+%0 7p 8$%(]<Z, Db"< F¬ *<R;=

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^U¨ [_%T±9`²"³´ µb,-% .Miura and Toki, +32, ; Rad and Tumay,+321/0,+ ,,   ?ῑ+  (w *.-x*.0 mm 8$%y# .@z{A|?ῑ,  Qy# $, 989 =D<* ¶SK¨a¨b ·331ῑ2/// ¶S¸c¹º»de +ῑ, : (] < :; :; klmn

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ῌ+ {  '% ©ªTable +Bulk densities of di#erently packed,dry sand.

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 (8+ &'#o?|, r8 ¨¶h :  OP!)*EDῌ,59¨H©ª(!)*A«!¬=!>?!­?B¨H©ª( )*A5¬=®¯°@  ±)*A5¬=>?@­?B./²Fig. ,Visualized heterogeneity of packed glass beads and sand-, ῌ-  !"#$%&'()*+,-./01234!56 78 9:; <!= >?@-ABCDE FG!H&IJKL(M  N OP!QRS EH&IJKL(TUVWXY

!3@Z[4\]^/O_ ,`@ab@ , cdef!OP"#gh)* + >?-AB 7micro-layering<ijklm 7segregation< no\/  7pq +33/ ; Makse et al., +331 ; Lebron andRobinson, ,**-< ῌ- ./ 0123b@OP:rst56lmj4!56/u _ ,!b@OPvwxyz

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Fig. -Segregation of mixed sand.

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 $%&'(!U3@.5OP.U,-@ j)*5/ >?!,-C    !E!¡¢H&IJKL(7randomizer< 56 £¤¥- ¦§M H´µ¶·ª ¸ +*1 ¹ ,**160 ῌ.      ,  !"#$%& '()*+,-' ./ 0123456789:;<=>;?&'@A

9&ῌ/ B CDEF.G HIJ

9%KL%M(NOPQ(RS <& CD9TUV

WEFKXYZ<B [\L]HIJ9%K@I^;(& 7_ CDWEF`aHIJ9%KBbcQ(d YZefgQR9hf9G &ijk[lmn CopDB Glass et al. +323 <& qQB r)D012YZstsu  st_vwxnyFilling and Packing Apparatusz {|} ~& (B 012r)EFS& &7;ijkῌῌ.

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Fig. .

Illustration of the randomizer used inthe chamber experiment.

[\L]9SRQ<G S9 )B;RQ$%;( nQd7G &c WEFHIJ%K^&'¡9G<& ¢ Glass et al. +33* <B - £¤¥C¦st<ῌῌ/ C§D¨©.&HIJ7ª«¬) *.- mm­*.0 mm EFK ijk[® ¯ BCDdWEF `a</HIJ%K^°±<&® ² BCEF`a<& gQR9YZef  n/79EF³
&®
Fig. /E#ect of a randomizer on packing homogeneous sand layer.

»Q : y? 67* f¼u  Geiger and Durnford ,***   Rad and Tumay +32/61Geiger, S.L. and Durnford, D.S. (,***) : Inﬁltration inhomogeneous sands and a mechanistic model of

unstable ﬂows. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., 0. : .0*ῌ.03.

 raining !"#$%&'( )*Glass, R. J., Steenhuis, T.S. and Parlange, J-Y. (+323) :+, - ./0 1 .2# 

Wetting front instability : ,.Experimental deter-raining+3 4+ Kolbuszewski +3.2 mination of relationships between system pa-5678#rameters and two-dimensional unstable ﬂow

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ﬁeld behavior in initially dry porous media.
Water Resour. Res., ,/ : ++3/ῌ+,*1.
Glass, R. J., Cann, S., King, J., Baily, N., Parlange, J-Y.

K2+LMNOPQ  RS K2 TUand Steenhuis, T.S. (+33*) : Wetting front insta-

E V=W OPQ  RSbility in unsaturated porous media : A three-

X+ Y2UZAKUZAC8W9.dimensional study in initially dry sand. Trans-#X0 [\Y2 ]8\ ^_Uport in Porous Media, / : ,.1ῌ,02.

!` +33/ 7KUZ "Zabcd#+U

IJª ,*** : )«%0 ¬ K7­®L"_W$e8Cf ? 7%.< /gM K 2 ¯ ) GῌGY%0 ppK. 8 J& hi[\e& j' RS Y2+-0ῌ+./ N©W.k. e&+ ]8\ lm8C9kEKolbuszewski, J. J. (+3.2) : An experimental study ofthe maximum and minimum porosities of sands.
Proc. ,nd International Conference on Soil Me-/ῌ ῍ ῐ ῏ ῎chanics and Foundation Engineering vol. +, Lon-Pnop_' (q+[\)r*67Edon : +/2ῌ+0/.

st.u )r + )67,Lebron, I. and Robinson, D.A. (,**-) : Particle sizev.A kwk#KxC 9 y

segregation during hand packing of coarse gran-) $e*+=>-z *67{ |'_U2

ular materials and impacts on local pore-scale}.U :; )~67kwk#structure. Vadose Zone J., , : --*ῌ--1.

 9E 8 /{ U)0WF2Makse, H.A., Havlin, S., King, P.R. and Stanley, E.

# #+[1) *672A (+331) : Spontaneous stratiﬁcation in granular

2U /3 45+ῌ6 Ufk#

Miura, S. and Toki, S. (+32,) : A sample preparationmethod and its e#ect on static and cyclic defor-ῑ ῔ ΐ ῒ+7ῌ89: ,**0 : )mation-strength properties of sand. Soil and9>(+|'U ;< {+U =)>?@ ,.+ : +.3ῌ+/*.
Annaka, T. and Hanayama, S. (,**/) : Dynamic waterentry pressure for initially dry glass beads andsea sand. Vadose Zone J., . : +,1ῌ+--.
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¡Amixtures. Nature, -13 : -13ῌ-2,.

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¥C ,**, : DEF pp. ,*/ῌ,.. ¦§¨G ©HFoundations, ,, : 0+ῌ11.
Oyama, Y. (+3-3) : The motion of binary particle ina horizontally rotating tube. Bull. Inst. Phys.
Chem. Res. Jpn. Rep., +2 : 0**ῌ0-3.
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