工2024B2/21英語（令和６年度）工入学学試部験問

Ｂ日程月21日

英語

注意事

題項

１．試験監督者の指示があるまで，問題冊子を開かないこと。
２．問題冊子に落丁，乱丁があった場合は，試験監督者に申し出ること。
３．試験監督者の指示に従って，解答用紙の受験番号欄に受験番号を記入し，その下のマーク欄にもマークすること。
４．受験番号が正しくマークされていない場合は，採点できないことがある。
５．マーク方式の解答方法は，下の『解答上の注意』をよく読むこと。
６．試験終了後，問題冊子は持ち帰ること。

解答上の注意マーク方式での解答例〔英語〕解答群より，3をマークするときは，次の〔例〕のように解答欄の3にマークする。
〔例〕

１124567890

英語Ⅰ．以下の英文を読み，問Ａ . 問Ｂ . 問Ｃ . に答えよ（なお , ＊印を付した語句には注がある）。
In 1716 British astronomer Edmond Halley published a ten- page essay whichcalled upon scientists to unite in a project spanning the entire globe* — one thatwould change the world of science forever. On 6 June 1761, Halley predicted, Venus*
would traverse* the face of the sun — for a few hours the bright star* would appear
as a perfectly black circle. He believed that measuring the exact time and duration*
１of this rare celestial* encounter wouldthat astronomers needed in order tocalculate the distance between the earth and the sun.
The only problem was that the so- called transit of Venus is one of the rarest
２yearspredictable astronomical events. Transits always arrive in pairs —apart — but with an interval of more than a century before they are then seen again.
Only once before, Halley said, in 1639, had an astronomer called Jeremiah Horrocks
observed the event. The next pair would occur in 1761 and 1769 — and then again in
1874 and 1882.
Halley was sixty years old when he wrote his essay and knew that he would notlive to see the transit (unless he reached the age of 104), but he wanted to ensurethat the next generation would be fully prepared. Writing in the journal of the Royal
Society, the most important scientific institution in Britain, Halley explained exactly
why the event was so important, what these “young Astronomers” had to do, andwhere they should view it. By choosing to write in Latin, the international languageof science, he hoped to increase the chances of astronomers from across Europe acting
３upon his idea.
more people he reached, the greater the chance of success. It
was essential, Halley explained, that several people at different locations across theglobe should measure the rare heavenly rendezvous* at the same time. It was notenough to see Venus’s march from Europe alone;（ア）astronomers would have to travel
to remote locations in both the northern and southern hemispheres* to be as far apartas possible.
By the time Halley called upon his fellow astronomers to view the transit ofVenus, the position and movements of planets were no longer seen as ordained
arbitrarily* by God but as ordered and predictable, and based on natural laws. But
man still lacked the knowledge of the actual size of the solar system*. Astronomers
knew, for example, that the distance between the earth and Jupiter* was five times
that of the distance between the earth and the sun. The only problem was that no one
had ４ been able to quantify* that distance in more specific terms.
This idea of calculating exact distances in space was a bold concept too,considering that clocks were still not accurate enough to measure longitude* precisely,４
no standardized measurement on Earth: an English mile
and there waswas a different length from a mile in German- speaking countries — which also
varied between northern Germany and Austria. A “mil ” in Sweden was more thanten kilometers, in Norway more than eleven, while a French “league” could be threekilometers but also as much as four and a half. （イ）In France alone there were 2,000
different units of measurement — which varied even between neighboring villages.
In light of this, the idea of merging* hundreds of observations taken by astronomers
across the world to find one common value seemed outrageously ５ .
−1−（出典：Andrea Wulf, Chasing Venus: The Race to Measure the Heavens, 2013,pp. xvii- xxiv, adapted 一部改変）
Chasing Venus: The Race to Measure the Heavens by Andrea Wulf. © 2012 by Andrea
Wulf. Reproduced with permission of PEW Literary.
Venus 金星
traverse ~を横切る
注：globe 地球
the bright star = Venus
duration 経過時間
celestial 天上のheavenly rendezvous = celestial encounter
hemisphere 半球
ordained arbitrarily 恣意的に定められる
solar system 太陽系
Jupiter 木星
quantify 〜を数量化する
longitude 経度
merge ~を統合する

問Ａ．文中の １ 〜 ５ に入れるのにもっとも適当なものを，1〜4の中から選び，解答欄にマークせよ（なお，同じ数字の空欄には同じものが入る）。
１1 use the process

2 remove the results3 provide the data

4 attain the goal２

1 fifty

2 a hundred

3 twelve

4 eight

３

1 As

2 The

3 While4 For

４1 as yet

2 as if

3 as well

4 as to５

1 economic

2 normal

3 ambitious

4 scientific

問Ｂ．６. 〜 15. の各文が本文の内容に合っていれば解答欄の1にマークし，合っていなければ解答欄の2にマークせよ。
６．Edmond Halley had predicted the next transit of Venus more than a century
before it actually occurred.
７．Halley was born in 1656, so he didn’t see the previous transit of Venus, which
occurred in 1639.
８．Halley planned to observe the transit of Venus in cooperation with the next
generation of astronomers.
９．Halley wrote his ten- page essay in Latin because he wanted it to be read byastronomers all over Europe.
10．Halley thought that observation from Europe was not enough to know the exact
distance between the earth and the sun.
11．People once believed that the position and movement of planets were decided byGod.
12．The distance between Jupiter and the sun is five times longer than the distance
between the earth and the sun.
13．Highly accurate clocks were not necessary to measure longitude precisely.
14．A “mile” had the same length in northern Germany and Austria.
15．A French “league” could be four and a half kilometers as well as three.

問Ｃ．文中の下線部（ア）（イ）を和訳せよ。解答は解答用紙裏面の記述解答欄に記入せよ。
−2−

Ⅱ．次の１. 〜 ５. の日本文の意味の英文を，書き出しの語句に続けて下にある語句を並べかに入れるべきものはどれか。解答欄にマークせよ。

えて作るとした場合，

１．髭を剃っている最中に大事なことを思い出すことがよくある。
It often
1 while2 things

shaving.

16

17

3 happens

4 important

5 I remember

6 that２．気がつくとスマホを何時間も見ている。
I
1 at

18

2 myselfhours.

19

3 my smartphone

4 looking5 find6 for

３．どのくらい長くバスを待っているのですか？
How
1 waiting

2 longthe bus?

21

20

3 been

4 you

5 for

6 have

４．空いた時間を有効活用することが成功への伴だ。
To
1 good22

2 ofthe key to success.

23

3 is

4 make5 spare time

6 use

５．ジョンはクラスで３番目に背が高い生徒だ。
John
1 third24

2 tallest

the class.

25

3 the4 in

5 student

Ⅲ．次の１. 〜 ５. の英文の意味が通じるためには，

6 isの中にどのような語を入れたらよいか。下の語群から選び，解答欄にマークせよ。
time.

１．The seven o’clock train arrived exactly

26

２．I visited England for the first time

ten years.

３．The coffee shop is open
４．I’ve been sitting

29

５．They enjoyed dancing［語群：1 in2 at28

27

midnight.

the desk for two hours to finish my homework.
30

3 tothe music.
4 above−3−

5 on

6 until ］

Ⅳ．１. 〜 ５. の英文の説明に該当する英単語を下の語群［1〜0］から選び，解答欄にマークせよ。
１．an occupied area
＝

31

＝

32

＝

33

＝

34

２．the lowest part of a thing
３．a situation where things are not in order
４．a situation where no sounds or words are heard
５．a set of promises you make and keep when you do business with someone＝［語群：1 border35

2 bottom

3 noisiness4 contract

5 silence

6 territory

7 comment

8 below

9 profit

0 confusion ］

Ⅴ．36. 〜 40. の英単語の一番強く発音する個所はどこか。解答欄にマークせよ。
36．po・lice・man
１

２

37．ref・er・ee

３

1

39．ap・pro・pri・ate
１

２

３

４

2

38．in・cred・i・ble

3

１

40．im・me・di・ate・ly
１

２−4−

３

４

５２

３４