Current situation oflivestock industry and livestock wastewaterin Myanmar

By
Dr. Aung Thet Soe
Livestock Breeding and Veterinary Department
Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Irrigation
The Republic of The Union of Myanmar
Date-30-11-2017
1

Myanmar- a agro-based country

Myanmar-Area-261228 square miles-Population-54 millions-70% of the population lives in rural area2

Animal Population in Myanmar(in million)

Sr.
No.

Species

2010-11

2011-12 2012-13 2013-14 2014-15 2015-16

1Cattles

13.56614.02314.51014.99315.48115.9922

Buffalo

2.974

3.090

3.208

3.318

3.422

3.532

3

Goat

3.312

3.783

4.355

4.965

5.615

6.325

4

Sheep

0.663

0.767

0.884

1.016

1.162

1.321

5Pig

9.254

10.305

11.432

12.56713.76115.056

6

Chicken153.046172.613194.223217.115241.861 269.286

7

Duck

13.92915.29416.77618.33220.00221.805
3

Small Scale Farm / Backyard Farm

- Small Scale and Medium Scale farms are main sources of animal population- Most of the farmers in Myanmar are small scale producers- Poor Biosecurity in their backyard farmIt is a constraint for proper management with the manure.(eg contamination, pollution)
4

Medium Scale Farm

Small Scale and Medium Scale Farms are Main sources of animal
population
5

hygienic status in backyard farm
 People and animals live closely No proper hygienic measure No sewage, no protective equipment

6Large Scale Farm / Commercial Farm

7

Slurry, the mixture of urine, feces, other residues and cleaning water from thefarm through a slatted or perforated floor, and drain it into the storage tank orpond in medium and commercial farms

8

Slurry, the mixture of urine, feces, other residues and cleaning water from thefarm through a slatted or perforated floor, and drain it into the storage tank orpond

9Slurry, the mixture of urine, feces, other residues and cleaning water from thefarm through a slatted or perforated floor, and drain it into the pond (poultryand swine farm over fish pond)

 In this system, the manure are used as the organic fertilizers
for fish farming
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 But it may contains drugs residues for human by fishmanurewaste water By-product and waste material
 mixture of feces and water Composition Water Dry solid P, K, Ca, Mg, Cl, S, N
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ManureIt contains nutrients for plant growth-can be used as organic fertiliser or to produce biogas.
- Nitrogen (N)- Phosphorus (P)- Potassium (K)- Sulphur (S)- Magnesium (Mg)
- Alot of other valuable nutrients

12

Used as organic fertiliser in Agriculture Use in production of-forages-vegetable garden-earthworm production-mushroom cultivation, etc.
13Composting of manure Solid manure composting used as a fertilizer for soil improving, soil conditioning enhancing plant growth and inhibiting plant pathogen growth Different forms granular fertilizer
 Pelletized fertilizer

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Composting of manure into fertilizer
 Liquid manure used as liquid organic fertilizer mainly utilized for farmland Different forms
 liquid fertilizer
 suspension fertilizer
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Adverse effect of manure
 Environmental impact
 Contamination of natural water resource nearby
 Antibiotics and other pharmaceuticals in animal feces
 Antibiotic-resistant strains of microorganisms in soil,
surface and groundwater Eutrophication of surface water Odorous pollution of air
 Medical impact
 A significant public health concern
 Source of waterborne infections for free grazing animals
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Biogas production from manure Biogas Mixture composed mainly of methane and carbon dioxide Anaerobic degradation at different temperatures
 produced from waste water and manure Efficacy
 Supplied for cooking and lighting of the farm
 Lighting for household in some villages
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Biogas production from manure

Small-scale biogas initiative launched in villages
Aimed to construct the biogas plants
 A simple biogas plant that can be operated by four pigs
 The family toilet can also often be connected to it

18Challenges- Knowledge of farmers- Capital requirements of farmers- Weak points of by law- To stabilize the market

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Strategies in action
 Demonstration
 Biosecurity level upgraded Owners enforced to practice proper hosing system Education on livestock waste water management
 Monitoring and evaluation

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