National Disaster Reduction Center of China

Zhang Yunxia
National Disaster Reduction Center of China

2008-05

National Disaster Reduction Center of China

Powerful earthquake hits Sichuan
8.0

8.0

National Disaster Reduction Center of China

People died: 65,080
As of May 27, 2008

National Disaster Reduction Center of China

National Disaster Reduction Center of China

National Disaster Reduction Center of China

May 19th to 21st are designated as an national mourning
period for victims of the earthquake.

National flags to be flown at half-mast
All public entertainment to be suspended

National Disaster Reduction Center of China

Millions of people in China mourn people diedin Sichuan Earthquake

National Disaster Reduction Center of China

Hope each person lead a peaceful life
without tragedy!

National Disaster Reduction Center of China

Overview
Experience in Japan
Lessons learned from Japan
Action Plan
Impression of Japan

National Disaster Reduction Center of China

National Disaster Reduction Center of China

Arrival Time:
January 10, 2008

Approx. 5 months

Departure Time:May 28, 2008

Taken in Kansai International Airport, January 10, 2008

Visited Places

National Disaster Reduction Center of China

Tokyo
Kyoto
Hyogo
Osaka
Nagasaki
Chiba
Shizuoka东京京都兵库大阪
长崎
千叶
静冈

Kyoto
HyogoTokyo
Chiba
Shizuoka
Osaka
NagasakiNational Disaster Reduction Center of China

Visited departments
Administrative organizations
Research institutes
Companies
Hospitals
Schools (including universities and high schools)
Museums
Communities
Places of historic interest

National Disaster Reduction Center of China

Visited departments
DRI museum (Kobe City, Hyogo)
Osaka Gas Company (OSAKA)
Kansai Electric Power Company (OSAKA)
Miki Earthquake Disaster Memorial Park (Miki City, Hyogo)
E-Defense (Miki City, Hyogo)
NHK (Tokyo)
ICHARM: International Centre for Water Hazard and Risk Management (Tokyo)
GSI: Geographical Survey Institute (Tokyo)
The 8th Fire District HQ, Tokyo Fire Department (Tokyo)
JMA: Japan Meteorological Agency (Tokyo)
JRCS: The Japanese Red Cross Society (Tokyo)
Life safety learning centers, BOSAI-KAN (Tokyo)
Hyogo Prefecture DM Center (Hyogo)
Kobe City Hall (Kobe city, Hyogo)
Kobe City Fire Station (Kobe City, Hyogo)

National Disaster Reduction Center of China

Visited departments
Hyogo Emergency Medical Center (Hyogo)
Nojima Fault Preservation Museum (Awaji City, Hyogo)
Kiyomizudera Temple (Kyoto)
Kinkakuji Temple (Kyoto)
Osaka Prefecture Office (Osaka)
Water Control Office (Osaka)
Peace park and Nagasaki Atomic Bomb Museum (Nagasaki)
Unzen Fugen Shiryokan Museum (Nagasaki)
Ono-kiba Sabo Miraikan Museum (Nagasaki)
Maiko High School (Kobe City, Hyogo)
Chiba University (Chiba)
Kyoto University (Kyoto)
Fuji Tokoha University (Shizuoka ) In total, there are approx. 30 departments I have visited.

National Disaster Reduction Center of China

Visit to Geographical Survey Institute

Visit to Japan Red Cross Society

Visit to Maiko High School

Visit to Japan Meteorological Agency

National Disaster Reduction Center of China

Hazard Mapping based on town watching

Visit to Miki Earthquake Disaster Memorial Park

Visit to Kobe Fire Station

Visit to Hyogo Emergency Medical CenterNational Disaster Reduction Center of China

Visit to E-Defense

Visit to Kiyomizudera Temple

Visit to Chiba University

Visit to Osaka Water Control OfficeNational Disaster Reduction Center of China

Giving a lecture in Fuji Tokoha University

Visit to Kobe City Hall

National Disaster Reduction Center of China

Studied Subjects
1. The vulnerability of Japan against disasters
2. The great impact of Kobe Earthquake on Japan
3. The countermeasures against disasters after Kobe
Earthquake
4. The activities of ADRC
5. The activities of other organizations related to disastermanagement
REPORT

FIELD VISITDISCUSSIONPRESENTATION

PRACTICE

National Disaster Reduction Center of China

National Disaster Reduction Center of China

lessons learned from Japan
Important factors for disaster reduction
1. Improvement of public awareness of disaster reduction
2. Change of ideas of Disaster Management
3. Establishment of legal system of disaster reduction
4. Application of high-technology to disaster reduction
5. Establishment of disaster information system
6. Great financial support for disaster reduction
7. Enhancement of Volunteer system

National Disaster Reduction Center of Chinalessons learned from Japan
1. Improvement of public awareness of disaster reduction
Public Awareness ofdisaster reduction

September 1stDisaster Reduction Day(Japan)

Publication

Education
DrillHazard Mapping

TV programs
Radio programs……

Textbooks
National level
Local level
Community level……

Museums
MakingDisseminating……

……

National Disaster Reduction Center of China

lessons learned from Japan
2. Changes of ideas of Disaster Management
Disaster Reduction

Structural measures

Government-help

Disaster emergency

Community-help

Disaster preparedness

Non-structural measures
Self-help

The ideas from relying solely on structural measures to combination ofstructural and nonstructural measures

Demarcation and collaboration between self-help, community-help andgovernment help
The emphasis of disaster reduction from disaster emergency to disasterpreparenessNational Disaster Reduction Center of China

lessons learned from Japan
3. Establishment of legal system of disaster reduction(1)Establishment and improvement of Legal system of disastermanagement following the lessons learned from large-scale disasters

Turning point
Ise-wan Typhoon(1959)

Enactment of Disaster
Countermeasures
Basic Act (1961)

Great Hanshin-Awaji
Earthquak(1995)

Further strengthening oflegal system ofdisaster management

National Disaster Reduction Center of China

lessons learned from Japan
3. Establishment of legal system of disaster reduction(2)Legal system is the most powerful measure which guarantees
disaster-resistant activities to be executed smoothly and strictly.

Basic Acts

Legal system

Laws on Disaster Prevention andPreparedness

Laws on Disaster Emergency Response

Laws on Disaster Recovery andReconstruction, and Financial Measures

National Disaster Reduction Center of China

lessons learned from Japan
4. Application of high-technology to disaster reduction(1)According the science development plan of Japan, establishing the mostsafety country in the world is regarding as the major goal.
Based on this goal, Japanese government set 10 important issues ondisaster reduction.

（1）Earthquake observation, monitoring and prediction（2）Geological research（3）Damage reduction technologies such as earthquake-proofing and development of disaster
response, recovery and rehabilitation plans（4）Volcanic eruption prediction technologies（5）Storm, flood, landslide and snow disaster, observation, prediction and damage reduction
technologies（6）Satellite-based natural disaster observation and monitoring technologies（7）Monitoring, warning, information transmission and damage prediction technologies to beused in the event of a disaster（8）Search and rescue and other emergency response operation technologies（9）Development of a disaster-resilient society（10）Facility security assurance and accident reduction technologies

National Disaster Reduction Center of China

lessons learned from Japan
4. Application of high-technology to disaster reduction(2)Utilization of Earthquake Early
Warning Information (EEW)

Disaster management organizations
Immediate action against disasters
Ensure safety of residents

Earthquake

Public Institutions (hospitals, schools, etc.)
Ensure evacuation and safety

P-waveUse of reduce
damageResidents
Fire prevention, evacuation
Transportation, elevators, etc.

detectingEmergency stop for safety
Dissemination
Companies/Factories
EEW(JMA)

Protection of workers andfacilities against disasters
Backup of important dataNational Disaster Reduction Center of China

lessons learned from Japan
4. Application of high-technology to disaster reduction(2)Roads

Public infrastructure

Bridges
Gas infrastructures
Electricity infrastructures
Water-supplying infrastructures

Infrastructures
civilians

Communication infrastructuresothersDwelling Houses
Other fields

Ability of earthquake
resistance

Ability of coping with emergency

Ability of monitoring
abnormality

National Disaster Reduction Center of China

lessons learned from Japan
5. Establishment of disaster information system(1)Information and Communication System直升飞机

通讯卫星受灾现场
信号接收基地首相官邸防务省机构1

灾害现场

指定的地方

国土交通省

指挥部公共机构

红十字会

47个省

东京电力机构2机构4东京都厅内阁府
(灾害管理)

机构3

防务省立川广域
防灾基地通信网(9个灾害管理部门)地方灾害管理通信网搭载型设备移动型设备

中央灾害管理通信网

Outline of central disaster management radiocommunications system

National Disaster Reduction Center of China

lessons learned from Japan
5. Establishment of disaster information system(1)Information and Communication System• Online system linking disaster management•

organizations of the national and local governments andmedia organizations
Radio communications networks exclusively for disaster

Effective use of early warning information
 Fixed communications system connecting 60 disastermanagement organizations
Satellite communications system connecting 37 disastermanagement organizations

National Disaster Reduction Center of China

lessons learned from Japan
5. Establishment of disaster information system
Integrated Disaster Management Information System(2)①DIS (Earthquake Disaster Information System)②RAS (Real Damage Analysis System by Artificial Satellite)③PF (Disaster Information Sharing Platform)① Grasp the situation of the disaster early② Promote information sharing among relevant organizations③enable quick and appropriate decision-making for emergency
response operations

National Disaster Reduction Center of China

lessons learned from Japan
6. Great financial support for disaster reduction

 In Japan, the national budget for disaster management isapproximately 4.5 trillion yen (average annual budget from1995 to 2004), accounting for approximately 5% of the total
amount of the budget for general accounts.
Scientific technology research: 1.3%
Disaster prevention and preparedness: 23.6%
National Land Conservation: 48.7%
Disaster Recovery and Rehabilitation: 26.4%

National Disaster Reduction Center of China

lessons learned from Japan
7. Enhancement of Volunteer system
Disaster prevention
Community-based voluntarydisaster organization

Emergency response
Recovery and rehabilitation

Firefightingteamothers

Flood fightingteam

January 17th of each year
designated as Disaster Reduction
and Volunteer Day

January 15th to 21st of each year
designated as Disaster Reduction
and Volunteer Week

National Disaster Reduction Center of China

National Disaster Reduction Center of China

Action Plan
1. Apply the advanced ideas of disaster information
management into practical work
2. Improve the participation of civilian in activities of disastermitigation
3. Advance China’s hazard mapping with the theories andmethods learned from Japan
4. Share what I learned in Japan with other departments relatedto disaster management

National Disaster Reduction Center of China

National Disaster Reduction Center of China

Warm and Kind

National Disaster Reduction Center of China

politeNational Disaster Reduction Center of China

brave

National Disaster Reduction Center of China

orderly and quiet

National Disaster Reduction Center of China

Diligent and BusyNational Disaster Reduction Center of China

Clean and beautiful

National Disaster Reduction Center of China

Special Thanks

Executive Director
Senior Researcher

Koji Suzuki
Masato Ohori

And all ADRC staff

National Disaster Reduction Center of China

Kobe Earthquake

National Disaster Reduction Center of China

Sichuan Earthquake

National Disaster Reduction Center of China

Remember these tragedies FOR EVER!

Mourn the people killed in the earthquake

National Disaster Reduction Center of China

Zhang Yunxia(Visiting Researcher ADRC 2008)
National Disaster Reduction Center ofChina