DISASTER MANAGEMENTSYSTEM IN MONGOLIA
Prepared by Ms.B.Bolormaa
Ministry of Nature and theEnvironment. Mongolia 2003

Modern Chronology
Years

Historical events

1911

Collapse of Manchu
independence

Qing

Dynasty;

Mongolia

Declares

its

1919

China invades Mongolia

1921

With Soviet help, Mongolia gains final independence from China

1924

Mongolian People's Republic declared

1990

Pro-democracy protests; Constitution amended; first multiparty
elections

1992

Second multiparty elections; new Constitution adopted

1996

Democratic Coalition elected as Mongolia's first non-communist
government

1997 &
2001

N. Bagabandi elected President

2000

Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party elected1

Country profile•Consisting of 22 aimags (340 soums and districts, 1658
bags and khoroos)•Capital City - Ulaanbaatar (about 32.7 % of the total
population living in the capital)•Land area of 1564.1 thous.km2(The seventeenth largest
country in the world)•Agricultural Land-83.5%•Forest and Wood Land – 11.7%•Cities, Villages and other Settlements Land -0.3%•The climate of Mongolia is continental climate and there are 4
seasons. Horrific storms kick up during the short spring (April
to May). January is the coldest month when temperature drops
to the lowest point and July is the hottest month of the year.

2

Political structure
Mongolia is a unitary state and parliamentary country. An
election of State Great Hural (Parliament) takes place oncein every four years and 76 Parliament members are elected.
The President is the head of the State and the embodimentof the unity of the people and directly elected for a four-year
term. The President proposes to the parliament thecandidature of the Prime Minister in consultation with the
majority party or parties in the parliament, proposes to theparliament to dissolve the Government. The President heads
the National Security Council of Mongolia and is theCommander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces.
The Government, headed by Prime Minister is the highest
executive body of the State.

Demographics• Population of 2407.5 thousand (2000 estimate).
• Male-49.5%, Female- 50.5%• Rural population-44%• Population density in per sq.km-1.5 persons(The lowest in the world)• Average annual population growth rate - 1.4%
• Economically active population- 35.2%• Unemployment Rate- 4.5 %3Social Development Indicators•Human development Index

0.662•Population living below poverty line-

35.6%•Life Expectancy(male-59 years, female-68 years )63 years•Adult literacy Rate

97.8%

Economic Indicators•Real GDP Growth Rate

1.1%

•GDP Per Capita

US$ 398•Exports

US$ 466.1 million•Imports

US$ 614.5 million•External debt

US$ 834.3 million•Exchange Rate

US$1=tugrug 1097.0

4

Profile of Economy•Agricultural Sector

30.9 % of GDP
48.6 % of labor force

Agriculture is a dominant part of the economy, andlivestock production is the biggest part of the agriculture.
Livestock breeding is the key traditional and ancienteconomic sector in Mongolia.
•Industrial Sector

Share in GDP 17.2 %11.3 % of labor force

It has taken 13 years since Mongolia launched initial stepsof a transition from centrally planned toward the market
economy in 1990.

Infrastructure
Mongolia has limited transportation infrastructure. There is asingle, main-line railway that crosses the country from Russia
in the north to China in the south. It has 1,800 km of main
and an additional 200 km of feeder lines and side-tracks.
There are over 4,000 kms long motor roads in Mongolia of
which 3,325 kms are improved roads 1,471 kms are paved.
The population density is generally low (outside Ulaanbaatar),so that an extensive road network would be hard to justify andexpensive to maintain. The result is that most long distancetransport in Mongolia is by air. This has a significant effect on
emergensy preparedness, especially in the winter and spring,when unpaved roads become very slow and difficult.

5

Electricity
The dependable electrical supply throughout the country
amounts to about 800 mW. The Central Electricity System(CES) consists of coal fired thermal plants, has a total
capacity of 690 mW, and is connected to the Russian
electricity grid by a 220 kV line.
In short, emergency preparedness in Mongolia takes place inthe face of at least three significant constraints; poortransportation infrastructure, poor communications and lack ofelectricity. Generally speaking, these problems may affectanywhere up to half the entire population.

Rich in resources
Mongolia is resource-rich. This vast territory contains 15
percent of the world's supply of fluorspar and significant
deposits of copper, molybdenum, iron, phosphates, tin,nickel,
zinc, tungsten and gold, as well as at least 100 billion tonnesof coal. Copper is the nation's number one export. Minerals
account for more than a third of Mongolia's GDP and earnhalf of its hard currency. Gold production is increasing.
Mongolia also contains significant reserves of oil, which could
transform the economy. But infrastructure and transportation
limitations mean that commercial extraction is limited. The
government hopes that the completion of a pipeline to China
will change this.

6Natural Disasters in Mongolia

Natural Disasters take a variety of forms in Mongolia andthey can be classified by their origin as geological,
atmospheric, and biological. Atmospheric originateddisasters in Mongolia primarily are in the form of
meteorological hazards such as blizzards, heavy,snowfalls, dust storms, zud, floods. The natural disasters
also include wild fires, droughts, desertification etc.

Pastorallivestockhusbandry has been themainlifestyleandeconomic mainstay of
the Mongolian nation for
centuries, and there is ahigh probability of it
being regularly exposed
to natural disasters.

7

Drought and zud are the most important natural disasters,
and cause enormous losses. In the last 60 years there has
been a tendency for the frequency of natural disasters toincrease.

Drought regularly occurs once in 10 years in the
country's forest steppe and steppe zone and in a 2 year
cycle in the desert zone.

8Forest and steppe fire is another big threat to
Mongolian Nature and the Economy.

1128 wild land fires occured in the 300 soums, 16 aimags
territory in which burned 6.5 million ha forest area, 31.4
million ha grass land area and 28 people died in thesefires of 1995-2000.

9

Comparative intensity andoccurrence of natural disasters
Major Hazards

Minor Hazards

Zud/Heavy snowfall

Field-Vole Spreading/
Locust Infestations/ Forest Insects

Snow and Dust Storm

Lightning /Hail

Forest and Steppe Fire

Bubonic Plague

Drought/ Desertification

Epidemic hazards( other Infectious
Diseases with Natural Foci)

Flood (Rainfall/ Spring)

Ecological hazards

Avalanche (Slope down flood)

Industrial hazards

Earthquake

Toxic chemical substances/ Radiation

Sand storm

Accident

Type of Disaster in Mongolia
DisasterMan-made DisasterNatural Disaster

Forest and SteppeFire

Industrial hazards

Toxic Chemical
Substances

Radiation

Accident

Ecological hazards
Secondary disaster due to Man-madeand Natural Diisaster

Epidemic hazards(other infectious Diseases
with Natural Foci)
Bubonic Plague

GeophysicalDisasterEarthquake

Hydro-Meteorological
Disaster

Insect Infestations

Drought/
Desertification

Zud/
Heavy snow

Field-VoleSpreading

Snow and
Dust Storm

Sand
Storm

Locustinfestations

Flood(Rainfall/Spring)

Avalanche(slope down flood)

Lightning

Hail

Forest insects

Ecological hazards

10Frequency of Natural Disasters of atmospheric origin
Year

Numberof natural
disasters

Details of Disaster

Numberof deadWinds andstormsHeavysnow and
rain

Hails
and
flash
flood

Other

Number of affectedsoums
Drought
Severe/
mild

Dzud

1989

9

1

7

-

1

-

20/58

-

1990

12

3

6

3

-

-

18/28

-

1991

5

4

-

1

-

11

15/62

19

1992

9

1

2

5

1

16

10/23

10

1993

9

3

2

1

3

47

2/10

60

1994

18

4

12

3

-

36

-/16

20

1995

14

8

3

2

1

21

18/30

5

1996

11

4

2

5

-

25

23/50

64

1997

31

4

-

24

3

29

8/1

60

1998

20

3

3

13

1

14

2/26

4

1999

23

6

4

4

9

17

37/35

24

2000

56

20

10

19

7

24

44/204

157

Historical Zud
Historical
Zud
Years
Years

Type
TypeofofdisasterCoverage,persent
Coverage,persent

Animalmortality,
Animalmortality,
millionheads
million heads

disaster
1944-1945
1944-1945

Drought,zud
Drought,zud

99aimags,65%
aimags,65%

9.2
9.2

1954-1955
1954-1955

Zud
Zud

99aimags
aimags2.2
2.2

1956-1957

Zud

11 aimags

2.4

1967-1968

Drought, Zud

13 aimags,80%

4.4

1976-1977

Zud

15 aimags,116 soums, 90%

3.6

1956-1957
1967-1968
1976-1977

Zud
Drought, Zud

13 aimags,80%

2.4
4.4

1986-1987

Zud

11 aimags,198 soums,80%

1.7

1993

Zud

15 aimags,116 soums,
90%

3 aimags,30 soumsZud

11 aimags,198
soums,80%

2.8

1996-1997

11 aimags, 69 soums

1.1

1999-2000

Drought, Zud

12 aimags, 157soums

4.2

2001-2002

Drought, Zud

20 aimags, 192 soums

7.7

1999-2000

Drought, Zud

12 aimags, 157soums

4.2

2001-2002

Drought, Zud

20 aimags, 192 soums

7.7

1986-1987
1993

1996-1997

Zud

11 aimags

Zud
Zud
Zud

3 aimags,30 soums
11 aimags, 69 soums

3.6
1.7
2.8
1.1

11

Losses to livestock caused by Zud and Drought,
million heads
7.7

2001-2002
4.2

1999-2000
1996-1997

1.1
2.8

1993
1986-1987

1.7
3.6

1976-1977

4.4

1967-1968
1956-1957

2.4

1954-1955

2.2

1944-1945

Animal Mortality,
million heads

9.2

Causes of Zud-Natural
Pastoral animal husbandry is extremely dependent on climatic and environmental
conditions.
Zud is a Mongolia-specific winter disaster, which undermines the welfare and foodsecurity of the herding community through larga-scale death and debilitation of
livestock.
The direct cause of a zud disaster is accumulation of following damaging natural
hazards:-severe widespread drought in summer-unusually cold temperatures in autumn and winter(Above –40C0)-deep snow (Up to 70 cm)-impenetrable ice (Early snow melted and became the ice layer on the land)-The nutrient value of pasture fodder is 2-3 times lower in winter-spring, withprotein supply 3-4 times lower than the summer peak. In dry and zud years the
carrying capacity of pastures declines by 29-38% from normal years.

12Causes of Zud-Human-Number of herders and herders households has been risen by 2.9 and 2.5
fold respectively after 1990. The total number of herders have reached 18%of the total population.
-Lack of appropriate knowledge and experience among herders.
-Increase of livestock: 25.8 million in 1990
33.6 million in 1999
-Decrease of wells and water points (For instance, if in 1990, there were
600 head of animals per water point, in 2000, the were 980 head of animals
per water point.It is one of the reason of overgrazing and land gedradation)-Inadequate winter hay preparation (drought and forest and steppe fires
it reduced the possibility of hay and fodder preparation)-Extremes of climate and difficulties caused by social and economic transition
have also contributed to the current disaster situation.

Impact of Disasters
Main factor that reducing Mongolia's economic development is thenatural disasters as droughts and zud. If calculate the amount of
natural disaster damage, to GDP, caused by droughts and zud theshare is as follows:15.7% of GDP in 2000, 14.8% of GDP in 2001.
Mongolia is facing another devastating winter which will greatly
exacerbate the effects of the three previous drought/zud cycles(2000, 2001, 2002) which have already caused extreme poverty
amongst a proportion of the population.
Based on the latest information collected by the Mongolian Red Cross
Society and the State Permanent Emergency Commission, 665000
People or 133000 families (27.6% of the total population) have been
severely affected by this year’s zud.
The recent zud forced herder families to migrate to urban centres orother areas of the country.

13

Countermeasures taken by the Government of Mongolia to Mitigate theDrought and Zud“National programme to assist the protection of livestock from Drought andZud”
has set an objective to create an effective drought and zud management
systemand was approved according Government Resolution #47 and #48 of 2001.
The following measures taken by the Government:-Hay reserve centers opened in 12 aimags of the country and the loandelivered for aimags that had hard situation and permitted to use it for the hay
and fodder.
-Restocking projects have been implemented in Zud affected aimags.
-Water point prospecting and rehabilitation activities implemented.
-livestock Protection Fund established.
-Food,consumer goods, animal drugs, medicine delivered.

Past Largest Earthquakes
LocationYear

LatitudeLongitude Magnitude
Intensity in(Richter’s scale) epicenter

Unegt

1903

43.3

104.8

7.5

10

Tsetserleg

1905

49.5

97.3

7.6

10

Bulnai

1905

49.2

96.8

8.2

11-12

Mongolian Altai 1931

46.8

89.9

8.0

11

Mond

1950

51.8

100.1

7.0

9

Gobi-Altai

1957

45.0

100.5

8.1

11-12

Bayantsagaan

1958

45.1

98.7

6.9

9

Buuryn hyar

1960

43.2

104.5

6.7

9

Mogod

1967

48.1

103.0

7.8

10-11

Uureg nuur

1970

50.3

91.3

7.0

9

Tahiin shar

1974

40.5

94.0

6.9

9

8*75
75%
seismically active.
75 of the total territory of Mongolia is classified as seismically14

Wildfires
Year

Total No.of Fires
on Forest andPasture Land

Total Area Burned on
Forest and Pasture
Land, thous.ha

Area of Burned Area of Burned
Forest,Pasture ,thous.hathous.ha

1990

129

2577.055.02522.01991

101

6099.063.96035.1

1992

1711541.0390.7

1150.3

1993

632763.0202.0

2561.01994

1263600.0165.03435.0

1995

120

168.6

34.2

134.4

1996

417

10194.4

2363.67830.81997

239

12440.02710.09730.01998

1325200.0700.04500.01999

763130.030.0

3100.0

Total

1574

47713.06714.440998.6

Floods in last years
Occurreddate

Location (aimag,soum, river)1996.06.08

DamageLoss ofhuman life

Loss of economy, mln.togrog

Khovd, Gobi-Altai,
Bayankhongor, Ulaanbaatar

22

113.0

1996.06.14

Tuv, Zuunmod soum

-

37.0

1997.06.23

Bayankhongor

13

164.0

1997.07.15

Tuv, Argalant soum

-

46.1

1997.07.19-20

Selenge, Sukhbaatar soum

-

56.9

1997.07.21

Bayankhongor, Bayanlig

2-1997.08.14,17

Ulaanbaatar, Tuul river4-

1998.07.22

Mandalgobi-

2.6

1998.07.26

Delgermurun

1

1999.04.08-09

Bayankhongor, Tui river-

Most gers had been affected

1999.07.28

Uvs, Tarialan soum-

3 gers and 150 livestock had
been affected15

Human morbidity and mortality by bubonic plague

Year

In AsiaHumanmorbidity

Mortality

In Mongolia
Percent
of mortaHuman
Mortality
morbidity lity

Percent
of mortality

1996

386

26

6.7

6

4

66.7

1997

274

12

4.4

4

3

75.0

1998

95

13

13.7

13

8

61.5

1999

222

15

6.8

5

3

60.0

2000

10

3

30.0

10

3

30.0

Total

987

69

7.0

38

21

55.3

Average

197.4

13.8

7.0

7.6

4.2

55.3

Legislative and Institutional Backgroundto cope Disasters in Mongolia

Legislative Background
The Constitution of Mongolia provides to theGovernment to declare a state of emergency ,whenever there is natural disaster or other threat tohealth, economic conditions or social environment ofpeople living in the territory of Mongolia.

16

The following are the main legislative documents
relevant to disasters• Mongolian Action Program - 21
• The Law on Civil Defense• The Law on Forests and Steppe Fires• Environmental Protection Law• Government’s view of National Security• National Action Program for Natural Disaster
Reduction• National Program to Assist the Protection of
livestock from Drought and Zud

Institutional Background
The main institution responsible for dealing with thesedisasters is the State Board for Civil Defense (SBCD) under
direction of the State Permanent Emergency Commission(SPEC). SPEC sets national policy and issues directives tothe times of crisis.
Disaster management at the National level is the responsibiltyof the State Permanent Emergency Commission , State
Board for Civil Defence and relevant Ministries and agencies.
The Permanent Emergency Commissions of aimag, Civil
Defence Staff and professional services of the administrative
offices of the capital, aimags and districts are responsible fordisaster management at the local level.

17

The major role in emergency preparedness
is played by the State Permanent Emergency
Commission (SPEC)
Other key agencies are the State Board for
Civil Defense (SBCD), the Ministry of Natureand the Environment (MNE), and various
other ministries. In addition, action by
voluntary organizations, individuals play animportant part in preventing, preparing, andcoping with emergencies.

State Permanent Emergency Commission
State Permanent Emergency Commission was established in1990 by means of Government Resolution.The Commission
doesn't have permanent staff, it functions as a Committee.
The purpose of SPEC is to coordinate the activities ofGovernment agencies in the face of any type of natural
disaster. More specifically, SPEC has the following functions:• Preparation of a National Disaster and Emergency Plan
•Coordination of emergency preparedness measures among
central- government ministries and local authorities• Coordination of disaster relief activities and mitigative
measures• Organization of reconstruction or rehabilitation measures
after the disaster is over18

Structure of Disaster Management System
Prime Minister
Head of National Civil DefenceState Permanent Emergency Commission(SPEC)
List of Members of SPEC:
Chairman: Minister for Defence
Deputy Chairman:Minister for Nature & Environment
Deputy Chairman:Chairman of SBCD

15 Members:
Mayor of Ulaanbaatar (The capital)
Vice Minister for Finance& Economics
Vice Minister for Food& Agriculture
Vice Minister for Infrastructure
Vice Minister for Social Welfare& Labour
Vice Minister for Justice & Home Affairs
Vice Minister for Foreign Affairs
Vice Minister for Trade & Industry
Chairman of State Police Department
Chairman of General Authority for Border Protection
First Deputy Chief of General Headquarters of Armed
ForcesSecretary of Nuclear Energy Commission
Senior Rep. of Cabinet Ministry
Executive Director of NIC. Co.Ltd (Petroleum)
Secretary General of Mongol Red Cross Society
Secretary:
Deputy Chairman of State Board for Civil Defence

Permanent Emergency Commissionof Aimags level

State Board for Civil Defence (SBCD)(From SPEC an official request to the Goverment ,Goverment issues a Resolution. SBCD will
implement the Resolution and co-ordinate )Permanent Emergency Commissionof Soums Level

The State Board for Civil Defense
SBCD ( the government’s regulatory agency) consists a Chairman, 2Deputy
Chairmen, 7 divisions and 2 services. In addition to its central organization,
the SBCD has 1 military regiment,10 search and rescue units and a
representative in each aimag. Most of the SBCD staff are taken from theranks of the military. In addition to the SBCD every ministry has a branch
responsible for civil defense, while the aimag governors are the local headsof civil defense, while the aimag military and civil defense staff work under
governors. SBCD has the following functions;•Arrangement and management of all civil defense-related actions in peace
time•Alarm information and warnings about natural disasters and accidents.
• Organization of civil defense training at all levels of the country’s scale,promotion of public awareness about civil defence•Take action under and guidance of the State Permanent Emergency
Commission during natural disasters and accidents.

19

Organizational chart of the Mongolian Civil Defence
Prime Minister
Head of National Civil Defence
Ministry of DefenceState Board
for Civil Defence
Civil Defence 22 Staffs
in AimagNational Civil Defence 7 Services

Civil Defence Unit

1 Military Regiment

4 search and rescue teams
6 search and rescue sub-units

Ministry of Natureand EnvironmentState Police
Department

Ministry of Foodand Agriculture

Fire Fighting
AgencyMinistry of
HealthNational Radio andTelevision Authority

Ministry of
Infrastructure

Structure of State Board of Civil DefenceState Board for Civil Defence
Chairman

Deputy Chairman andChief of Civil Defence

Deputy Chairman and
Secretary of SPEC

Policy and Planning
Division

Disaster
Response
Division

Logistics
Division

Monitoringand Evaluation
ServiceCommunication
and Information
Division

Training andAwereness
Division

Administration
Division

Financial
Policy Implementation
Service

Chemical andRadiation
Contamination
Protection Division20

Organizational chart of Fire Fighting Agency
Member of Mongolian Government,
Minister for Justice and Home Affairs

Fire Fighting Agency
Battalion of
Administrative
Management

Battalion ofFire Researchand Study

Battalion ofFire
Suppression

The State Run
enterprise "Gal-Impex"
company

18 Subdepartments andof Capital City and Aimags

4 Fire Fighting Offices
Dundgovi aimag
Omnogovi aimag
Bayankhongor and Govisumber

42 Fire Stations

32 Lower Fire Sections

Ministry of Nature and Environment
The responsibilities of the Ministry of Nature and Environment in thefield of Disaster Management are:
• To prepare preventative measures against natural disasters; tocontinue weather forecasts; and to maintain monitoring and control ofradioactive and hazardous materials• To conduct surveys on the characteristics of natural disasters andassessments on the risks of natural disasters and vulnerability ofareas in Mongolia• To design a National Policy on National Disaster Mitigation• To develop and carry out the Policy on the protection of theenvironment• To provide all the necessary information for an accurate
assessment of the disaster situation.

21

Organizational chart of Ministry of Nature and Environment

Minister for Nature and Environment
MNE
Deputy Minister
for Nature and EnvironmentState Secretary

Department of Strategic Planning and Management
Department of Policy Coordination

Protected Area's Administrative Division

Agencies

Nature, Forest andWater Resources Agency
National Agency for Meteorology, Hydrology
and Environmental Monitoring
Institute of Meteorology and Hydrology
Information and Computer Center

Department of Monitoring, Evaluation and Information

Central Laboratoryof Environmental Monitoring

Department of Public Administration and Management

Institute of Geo-Ecology

Department of International Cooperation

Statistical study of Natural DisasterUN questionnaire on Environment Statistics
United Nations Statistics Division’s (UNSD) undertook the firstinternational compilation of environmental statistics in 1999. The objectiveof the Questionnaire 1999 on Environment Statistics is to collect, in a
uniform manner, the best available environmental data and statistics forinternational purposes. The UNSD Questionnaire 1999 on Environment
Statistics contains tables under the headings Water, Air, Waste, Land andNatural Disasters
National environment statistics questionnaire
According to the Law on Statistics Ministry of Nature and Environment is
responsible for environmetal statistics related all information. National
environment statistics questionnaire consists of 9 statistical forms.
Compendium of Environment Statistics of Mongolia
The compendium is divided into seven chapters. The compendium is an
initial attempt to complie priority environment statistics based on the
Framework for the Development of Environment Statistics of Mongolia

22

D1.NATURAL DISASTERS1COUNTRY:_________Mongolia________________
Note: If more than one disaster occurred in a year, use a separate sheet for eachdisaster.
Disaster2_____Flood____________
Data started3_______during_________
1996

1994

1995

1996

Total casualties: (number)
Dead
InjuredMissing
Homeless
Total population affected4 (number)
Total affected (areas ha)
Damage (million national currency)5

Approved by NSO and MNE
beforeState form BOH-9
1. Hydrometeorological research institute to MNE
20 March of each year; / Aimag, Capital name/

Order 2002104/10
2. MNE to NSO send it before 25 March/Soum, district name/Indicators

Rows

Average mean air temperature01

Deviation of air temperature

02

Days of precipitation

03

Precipitation04

Deviation of precipitation

05

Days with snow storm

06

Days with dust storm

07

Days with wind more than 15 m/sec

08

Name of river flooded

09

Name of aimag, soum occurred drought

10

Name of aimag, soum occurred winter disaster

11

Hailstone /times/

12

Earthquake /times/

13

Quantity23

Other Ministries
There are six other ministries participating in Disaster
Reduction;• Ministry of Infrastructure, with responsibilities fordisaster resistance measures, reconstruction andrehabilitation, and supply of energy and transportation in
emergency• Ministry of Finance and Economics, with responsibility
for financing construction and relief measures• State Reserve Agency, with responsibility for all type ofreserve to meet natural hazards and for emergency
reserves of fodder• Ministry of Health, with responsibility for the supply of
medical equipment and the organization of medical aid

24

Organizational chart of State Reserve Agency
Member of Mongolian Government,
Minister for Food and Agriculture
Chairman of State Reserve Agency
Deputy Chairmanof State Reserve Agency
Specialist in chargeof Food Reserve

Legal adviser& Chief of Asset Recovery Division

Accountant
of Asset Recovery Division

Specialist in chargeof Technical Equipment& Goods

Contractual
Court decision
executor

Senior
Accountant

Inventory
accountant

Specialist in chargeof Grains Reserve

Accounting Calculationaccountant

Service
Workers

Specialist in chargeof Grass& Fodder
Reserve
25 Branches

4 Branches
for Food Reserve

10 Branches
for Grains

7 Storages with contract

11 Branches
for Grass & Fodder

INTER –AGENCY AND NGO COORDINATION

25

Cooperation with UN Agencies in the field of Disaster
Management
In country UN system:
United Nations Development Programme (UNDP)World Health Organization (WHO)
United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA)
United Nations Children’s Funds (UNICEF)
Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) –not present at the country
United Nations Disaster Management Team in Mongolia
Office for the Coordination of Humantarian Affairs (UNOCHA)-not present
at the country
United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification (UNCCD) -not present
at the country

Cooperation with International Organizations and NGO in
the field of Disaster Management
International organizations:
JICA
USAID
International Federation of Red Cross
Department for International Development, United Kingdom
Asian Disaster Reduction Center
World Vision of Mongolia
International Civil Defence Organization
Donors:Government of Japan (Largest foreign donor in Mongolia)
World Bank
Asian Development Bank
Government of Switzerland
Kingdom of Luxembourg
NGO:
Mongolian Red Cross Society
JCS International
Peace Wind, Japan26

Implemented and ongoing projects-"Preparation project for Strengthening the Disaster Mitigationand Management system in Mongolia" UNDP project(March2001-July2002)-"Strengthening the Disaster Mitigation and Management
System in Mongolia" UNDP project (Late 2002-2005)-" Bag communication " project, Japan-"Earthquake Risk Management" UNDP project (November
1999-April 2002)-"MIDAS continues" UNDP project (January2000-ongoing)-Support to Community Based Rehabilitation of Forest Areas
and Disaster Management, UNDP project (1997)

Implemented and ongoing projects-Integrated Fire Management (IFM) GTZ project-Information System for Environment and Agricultural Monitoring(ISEAM)Tasis project-Lessons Learnt from the Dzud Disaster Mon/00/302, UNDP
project (1999-2000)-Development of a Database of Extreme Meteorological Eventsand Their Presentation for Media –JICA project, Stage I,II-Special projects”HIVER III” 2002 (Assistance for vulnerable
poor)

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