Taiheiyo Cement by Numbers — Data Section

The Wonders of Cement

Stock Overview• How is cement made?

The Distribution of Shares (thousand)by Owner Category (as of March 31, 2023)

Stock Overview (as of March 31, 2023)
Fiscal year

April 1 - March 31

GeneralMeeting ofStockholders

Late June

Commonstock

Registrar ofshareholders

Treasury shares

Financial
institutions

4,591
3.7%

Authorized

197,730,800

Outstanding

121,985,078(including 4,591,631 of treasury
shares)Number ofshareholders

49,096

41,53534.0%

Individualinvestors
and others
16,884
13.8%Brokeragefirms

5,027
4.1%

Sumitomo Mitsui Trust Bank, Limited

Foreign investors

Major Shareholders (as of March 31, 2023)
Sharesowned Holding(thousand) (%)

Shareholder

The Master Trust Bank of Japan, Ltd. (Trust Account) 20,397

17.3

Custody Bank of Japan, Ltd. (Trust Account)

8,688

7.4

STATE STREET BANK AND TRUST COMPANY 505001

4,425

3.7

JP MORGAN CHASE BANK 385632

4,228

3.6

JP MORGAN CHASE BANK 380072

2,445

2.0

Mizuho Bank, Ltd.

2,000

1.7

SSBTC CLIENT OMNIBUS ACCOUNT

1,845

1.5

JPMorgan Securities Japan Co., Ltd.

1,738

1.4

MSIP CLIENT SECURITIES

1,721

1.4

JP MORGAN CHASE BANK 385781

1,543

1.3

Miscellaneous
corporate bodies

46,758
38.3%

7,188
5.8%

The cement manufacturing process can be broadly
divided into the raw material preparation, burning,and finishing processes. Cement used to be made fromnatural raw materials, with the main material being
limestone as well as clay, silica and iron, but the use ofwaste and by-products is progressing in modern times.
In the burning process, NSP kilns are the standard
worldwide due to their high productivity of around
5,000 tonnes per day and high thermal efficiency of80%. The physical phenomena and chemical reactions
shown in the figures below (1-4) take place inside an
NSP kiln.

5,0004,000

Blast furnace slag

CaO : 30-60%
SiO² : 20-45%
Al²O³ : 10-20%
Fe²O³ : 0-5%

Coal ash

CaO : 5-20%
SiO² : 40-65%
Al²O³ : 10-30%
Fe²O³ : 3-10%

Incineration
residues frommunicipal waste

CaO : 23-36%
SiO² : 11-27%
Al²O³ : 6-14%
Fe²O³ : 1-6%

Automobile
Shredder Residue

Glass (SiO²)
Metal fragments (Fe²O³)
Plastic

3,000
2,000
1,000
Mar. 2020

Mar. 2021

Mar. 2022

Mar. 2023* The Company, effective October 1, 2017, conducted a reverse stock split for its common stock at a ratio of one for 10. Prices prior to September 2017 have been calculated taking the reverse
stock split into account.

136

Preheater: 400 - 1,000°C inside the equipment. The
residual heat of the combustion gas heats the preparedraw material and calcination of the raw limestone
begins.

Examples of the waste and by-products used and their chemical composition(Yen)Mar. 20191In a cement plant, clinker is producedin the burning process by firing the raw
Calciner: 800 - 1,000°C inside the equipment.
materials prepared in a predetermined
2 Calcination of limestone is completed by thecombustion heat in the calciner.
chemical composition at a high temperature of
1,450°C. This high-temperature firing renders
Kiln: 1,000 - 1,450°C inside the equipment. Cement
3 minerals are produced through heating by the main
toxic substances such as dioxins completelyburner.
harmless, and the aluminum, silica, calcium,and iron that are the main components of thecinders and other residue can be used as raw
materials for cement minerals. In addition,organic components and combustible waste area substitute for coal. Furthermore, gypsum byproducts generated from
Clinker cooler:
the treatment of exhaust gas
4 100 - 1,200°C inside the equipment. The clinker that is produced
in a semi-molten state is rapidly cooled by blowing in outside air.
from thermal power plants
Finishing process:can be directly used as raw
5 A small amount of gypsum is added to the clinker, which isground in a finishing mill to complete the cement.
material for cement.

Stock Price Transitions

Mar. 2018

Various industrial wastes and by-products,
including from steel mills and coal-fired thermal
power plants, as well as the incineration residue
and sludge from municipal waste, are used as theraw material for cement, and a total of more than 400kg per tonne of cement is used. In addition, the useof waste such as debris and wood chips from natural
disasters has progressed in recent years.
Thus, the wonder of cement is that it effectively
utilizes a large amount of waste and by-products
without the quality of the cement product beingchanged or secondary waste being generated.

Why can waste and by-products be used in
cement plants?

* The Company owns 4,591,631 treasury shares.
* The shareholding ratio has been calculated after subtracting our treasury shares.

0• What is so great about cement?

Coalsubstitute

Waste tires

Rubber (SiO²)
Steel (Fe²O³)
CarbonBy-productgypsumGypsum (CaSO4)

Cement calcination heat energy source
Chemical composition of cement

Calcium
CaO :63-65%

SilicaSiO² :
20-23%
ClinkerAluminum
Al²O³ :
4-6%

Iron
Fe²O³ :
2-4%Gypsum
CaSO4 :
3-5%

137