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8Maps and spatial data become unavoidable

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9different countries, this paper will present the potential solutions for the application of recenttechnologies

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Hazard and Vulnerability Mapping
A hazard map depicts areas at risk from natural hazards at a given time (―Hazard Map a tool formainstreaming DRR‖, n.d.). The Impact from any natural disasters can be significantly minimized
with the timely right information at the right place. Multi-hazard mapping process supports theVisiting Researchers Program, FY2013B

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Issues and challenges in developing hazard maps in Bhutan
1. Lack of access to quality data,
2. Conventional maps
3. Unclear roles and responsibilities of government agencies for hazard mapping
4. Insufficient appropriate equipments and
5. Lack of technical capacity with relevant agencies.

Emergency Operation CenterEmergencies and disasters usually create chaos which presents the emergency responders andVisiting Researchers Program, FY2013B

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Advantages of EOC
EOC serves as the cVisiting Researchers Program, FY2013B

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Figure 10. Communication component of Disaster Management Communication System in Japan.
(Akira Murakami, n.d.)

Digital Professional Mobile Radio (PMR)

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Figure 13. Disaster Management Communication System of Japan.Me(Vinsting Researchers Program, FY2013B

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References
Asian Disaster Reduction Centre. (2014). DRR information of member countries: Information on
Disaster Risk Reduction of the Member Countries. Retrieved February t4,ifrunm

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Use Of GIS, Remote Sensing and ICT for DRR in Bhutan45Mahmud, I., Akter, J., & Rawshon, S. (2012). Sms based disaster alert system in developing
countries: a usability analysis. EXCEL International Journal of Multidisciplinary ManagementStudies, Vol.2 Issue 4, April 2012, ISSN 2249 8834. Retrieved from http://zenithresearch.org.in/.
Meissner, A., Luckenbach, T., Risse, T., Kirste, T., & Kirchner, H. (2002). Design challenges for
an integrated disaster management communication and information system. First IEEE
Workshop on Disaster Recovery Networks (DIREN 2002). New York City, USA: IEEE
INFOCOM.

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Pareta, K,. & Pareta, U. (n.d.). Developing a national database framework for natural disaster riskmanagement. New Delhi, India: Spatial Decisions.
Pipes, T.S. (n.d.). Information disasters and disaster information: Where information science meets

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