Japan-Myanmar Seminar for Urban
Development and Housing 2017
Keynote Speech

Japan's Cooperation for Urban
Development in Myanmar

Special Advisor to thePrime Minister
Dr. Hiroto IZUMIJanuary 31, 2017

1

1. Comparison of Myanmar and Japan
2. Urban issues in Myanmar
3. Urban issues and responsive actions
experienced by Japan
4. Overseas deployment of infrastructure
systems by the Japanese government

2

1. Comparison of Myanmar and Japan
2. Urban issues in Myanmar
3. Urban issues and responsive actions
experienced by Japan
4. Overseas deployment of infrastructure
systems by the Japanese government

Outline■ Japan■ Myanmar

Population

About 127 million

Population

About 51 million

National land area

About 378,000 km2

National land area

About 680,000 km2

GDP growth rate

0.5%

GDP growth rate

7%

Tokyo

Naypyidaw

4

Changes in GDP per capita($/capita)

Rapid economic growth
periodSteady growth period

Maturation period

Japanese GDP per capita

Myanmar1,292$/capita (2015)

0
1960

1965

1970

1975

1980

1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

2010

5

Comparison of Yangon and "Yamanote Line"
YangonInternational
AirportScale≒Yamanote Line Tokyo
Population ≒5mil.
(estimated to be 10mil in 2040)

Ikebukuro
Ueno

Area
(km2)

Population

Density
(/ha)

Tokyo

2,190.9

13,378,584

61

23ward622.999,214,130

148

Yangon598.8

5,210,000

87

Shinjuku
Inya
Lake

Tokyo

Shibuya

Shinagawa
CBD
6

6

1. Comparison of Myanmar and Japan
2. Urban issues in Myanmar
3. Urban issues and responsive actions
experienced by Japan
4. Overseas deployment of infrastructure
systems by the Japanese government

Major Concern in Yangon city
The short review conducted by JICA in March 2016 concerning the urban development / transport masterplan indicated some issues for Yangon, including "securing of housing in response to population growth","establishment of a planned urban development system", "conservation and revitalization of historicalvalues", and "aggravation of traffic congestion."[Course of events in the urban development MP and urban transport MP]
SUDP (Sustainable Urban Development Plan) and YUTRA (Yangon Urban TransportPlan) completed by 2014
Changes in Rapid Urbanization

Short Review conducted in March 2016
 Quick Assessment by Experts  Findings of Bottlenecks and Potentials
Based on Quick Assessment and Findings“Upgrade of Yangon Urban Development & Urban Transport Master Plan” (Jun - Dec 2016)[Major Concern in Yangon city] Accommodation of increase population (6.1 million by 2040)
 Appropriate control system of urban development projects
 Renovation and utilization of heritage value
 Investment and management of infrastructure Growing traffic congestions, accidents
air pollution and decrease in public
transport services due to rapid increase in
private vehicles (10%/year) and slow
progress of infrastructure provision andmanagement improvement.

Cooperation works closely with MLIT Working Groupdiscussion for urgent actions of traffic congestion

Main Concepts for Upgrade of the
Master Plans
The Peaceful and Beloved Yangon “ A Cityof Green, Water, & Gold - Livable Yangon ”
People centered with Comfortable Living
Environment and Efficient Transportation
SystemInternational Logistics & Port City utilizing
Inland Water Network(Engagement with Wider Public Involvement andConsensus Building Process with Myanmar Side)

8Key Output of Urban Development
1. Space plan proposal
Main points• Development strategy considering the enhancement of international
city and logistics hub functions in Yangon region development• Proposal for formation of good landscape using historical buildings(Sule Pagoda area, CDB, waterfront area, etc.)• Proposal for transit oriented development (TOD) and development of
the area in front of the station in cooperation with YUTRA• Resubmitted proposal for land use, zoning, and capacity• Proposal of the development plan for three new urban areas• Infrastructure improvement plan linked to urban development• Suggested as future projects the development of Western Yangon
area (Kyimyindaing area), Southwest area, new airport, and new
harbor.

Development vision

Land use plan
Structural view of Yangon area

2. Proposal for formation of good landscape using historical buildings

3. Proposal for transit oriented development (TOD) and development of
the area in front of the station in cooperation with YUTRA
Propose the intensive use of the space infront of the station based on TOD.

Phase 1 (until 2020)
Mahabandoola Part Street(Construction of an exclusive pedestrianroad between Mahabandoola Street andBank Street)
Relocation from the bus square
Implementation of detailed design

Phase 2
Installation of a new bus stop near thepark
Improvement of pavement / development
of square
Secure agreement from
Sule Pagoda

Creation of urban square open to
citizens centering on Sule Pagoda

Phase 3
Change the area from Mahabandoola St.
to the east side of Pagoda to a pedestriansquare.
Development of the area around Sule
PagodaProposal for transit oriented development(TOD) of the Yangon Loop Line anddevelopment of the area in front of the station

Sule Pagoda area

4. Infrastructure improvement plan linked to urban development
Phase 3
Transfer of the harbor functions
Removal of the connecting road andtram construction
Redevelopment of the 7th warehouse
Construction of Shwedagon Pier Park
Construction of basement parking

Phase 2
Redevelopment of the 3rd and
4th warehouses
Construction of Pansodan Pier
Park
Improvement of Kannar Road

Phase 1 (until 2020)
Demolition of the 1st warehouseand creation of a water park
Renovations of the 2nd
warehouse (cultural facilities,
etc.)
Improvement of Kannar Road

Infrastructure development to strengthen the resistanceagainst urban disasters
Slice 2
Slice 1

Slice 3

P

P : Pumping Station: Rainwater Storage Structure

Creation of an attractive waterside space using historical buildings

Waterfront area

Proposal of the rainwaterdrainage improvement project
for CBD area

9

Priority Project (Urban development)
As the result of examination in JICA, it was proposed to start 41 major projects by 2020, including"Governmental land redevelopment" and "Financing low-cost urban housing," in order to realize thedevelopment vision and urban structure indicated by the urban development master plan.

Governmental Lands Redevelopment Project
Project Scope- Making a area development plan, and the implementation scheme
Responsible Organization- MOC and the other organization which own developable lands inYangonFinancing Low-cost Urban Housing Program
Project Scope- Establish of a revolving fund for long-term housing loans at low
interest rates under CHDB.
- Capital injection to CHDB in a form of “Two-Step Loan” financed
by concessional loans in order to provide housing loans
Responsible Organization- CHDB
Yangon Heritage Strategy Implementation Project

Project Scope- Implementation of Yangon Heritage Strategy Action Plans
Responsible Organization- YCDC and YHT

10Key Output of Urban Transport Development(1) Clear the bottleneck in major trunk roads and central urban area
: Develop inner and outer ring roads / Improve the bottleneck in major trunk
road, etc.

(2) Bus service modernization: Review the bus line network / Realignment of bus companies / Renewal
the vehicles / ICT Introduction, etc.

(3) Improvement of traffic control / safety: Improve the vehicle registration system / Improve the automobile inspection
system / develop measures to control on-the-road parking and parking lots,etc.

(4) Solution to the missing link
: Road network development plan based on transport demand forecast /Strengthen the road network, etc.

Proposal of inner ring road(5) Development of urban railway network: Circular railway improvement / New urban railway / Passenger service
improvement, etc.

(6) BRT development: Transport demand forecast / Proposal of the priority BRT route based onreview of the bus line network, etc.

(7) Water transportation development

Integrated development of
the areas in front of andaround the station: Water transportation lines for access to central urban area and freight transport /freight transport, etc.

(8) Promotion of TOD development: Promotion of TOD type development investment (PPP) / Conduct of field survey
for integrated development of the areas in front of and around the station, etc.

(9) Reinforcement of the Yangon Region Transport Authority (YRTA): Strengthen the functions and organization system and develop human resources

Image of water bus

11Strategic Action Plan (Urban Transportation)
Each Strategic Action Plan provides "Objectives", "Roadmap", "Components", etc.
[Example of Strategic Action (TOD)] Objectives : to promote transit –based compact

urban area, local economic development and value
capture TOD on Circular Rail

Project Components•

Roadmap

Current Study

Preliminary
Study

Quick Action(Within 1 year)

Conduct ofInvestment
Opportunities
Study

Short-term(2-3 years)

Mid to Long term Actions(4-5 years)

Conduct of
Pilot
Projects

Establishment of Institutional
Framework to Control/
manage TOD Project•••
Implementati
on•Integrated Urban Development
at/around the Stations
Improvement of Access to/from theStations, especially, in the area
within walking distance
Development of Integrated New
Town for Resettlement and those
who need Affordable Housing
Effective Use of the Space under
the ViaductIntegrated Development of Publicly
Owned Lands

 TOD on Other Lines••

Integrated Development with
Suburban Centres
Development of UndergroundSpace at Metro Stations
12

MP formulation in 3 local cities (Mandalay, Pathein, Mawlamyine)
JICA is supporting the formulation of an urban development project master plan for thethree cities important as the core of development in Myanmar in order to show future
pictures and conduct comprehensive development for them.
 Mandalay: Proposed "20" priority projects.
 Logistics center:

Improvement of traffic cooperation, establishment ofindustrial zone and logistics center, invitation of foreign
investment, etc.

 High technology / education: Creation of added value, cooperation with higher
education institutions, etc.
 Culture / tourism: Formation of landscape, formation of continuous scenic route,etc.

Mandalay Disaster prevention / greening: Planned consideration in development, nature
conservation, etc.
 Pathein: Proposed "13" priority projects.
 Tourism hub:Realignment of tourist city function, utilization of tourism resources, etc.

 Logistics hub:Improvement of access to industrial zone, invitation of foreign investment, etc.

Pathein Agriculture / green: Promotion of high-value-added agriculture, establishment of R&D center for
modern agriculture
Mawlamyine
 Mawlamyine: Proposed "13" priority projects.
 Heritage tourism:

Utilization of tourism resources, space
improvement in city center, etc.

 Connectivity / industry: Center function reinforcement in transport
nodes, major industries, etc.
 Comfortable living environment: Improvement of city life environment,
invitation of industrial / commercial investment,
etc.

First Workshop in Mandalay

13

13

1. Comparison of Myanmar and Japan
2. Urban issues in Myanmar
3. Urban issues and responsive actions
experienced by Japan
4. Overseas deployment of infrastructure
systems by the Japanese government

Urban Issues Faced by Japan($/capita)

Rapid economic growth
periodSteady growth period

Maturation periodSingapore(54,649)

Brunei(38,563)

Rapid urbanization
Commuter rush, traffic congestion
Environmental issues
Air pollution, trash problem, waterpollution

South Korea(26,482)

Declining birthrate andaging population
Depopulation
Disaster prevention /mitigation

Malaysia(10,514)Myanmar(1,292）

Sri Lanka(around 3,924)

China
Thailand (6,626)(6,270)Indonesia(3,475)
Philippines(2,765)

Laos(1,589)Vietnam(1,868)

Cambodia(1,008)

0
1960

1965

1970

1975

1980

1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

2010

15

Japan's Experiences in Urban Development

Functional distribution in Tokyo Metropolitan Area
1950'sPost-war concentration of
population on central Tokyo

1960's-1970's
Promoted relocation of plants,
universities, and new towns tosuburban areas.

1980's-90's
Realization of multi-core city
structure
The 3rd National Capital Region Development Plan (1976)
The 4th National Capital Region Development Plan (1986)

Three housing policies

Trends of the numbers of dwelling units and households, and vacancy rates- Establish the organization and system forhousing loans.
 Foundation of Housing Loan Corporation (1950) (present Japan
Housing Finance Agency)- Establish a legal system for development ofpublic rental housing Proclamation of the Publicly-operated Housing Act (1951)- Establishment of public corporations anddevelopment of public housing (new towns)
 Foundation of Japan Housing Corporation (1950) (present
Urban Renaissance Agency)

Image of rezoning

16

Japan's Experiences in Urban Development

Improvement of the peripheral / indoor environment of housing

Introduction of various transportation systems

Redevelopment of harbor districts (ex. Harumi)

Introduction of resource recycling equipment (ex. Roppongi Hills)

17

Japan's Experiences in Urban Development
Maturation period

8.
Implementation of a
Smart City
Smart city realization in Kashiwa-no-ha Campus City

9.
Town development forcompact city + network
Realization of compact city structure

residence
promotionzone

local public
transportation

planned rezoning
districturban function
promotion zone

Renovated housing stock10.
Revitalization of the
housing stock
Landscaping by removing utility poles, decorating the pavements, etc.

11.
Landscape protection
18

Tama New Town
 Urban development by public government.
 New construction of two radial private railways with direct connection to central Tokyo New construction of a loop of Tama Intercity Monorail with connection to Tachikawa City

Development of Tama New Town
Urban railway

Location map Tachikawa City

Monorail

20km

40km

Tokyo City Center

Toll expressway

Railway
Monorail

Project concept

Prefectural Boundary

Source: City and Transportation,
Vol. No. 65(Japan Transportation
Planning Association)

Source: Materials submitted by UR

Residential area

Greenbelt and parks

Educational facilities

Commercial facilities

City plan decided: 1965
Moving-in started in : 1971
Planned area
: 2,892ha
Projected population: 340,000
19Enhancement of public transportation- Induction of new town development in Tokyo Metropolitan Area In conjunction with urban railway development, a large-scale suburban new town
development was conducted, such as Tama NT, Tama Den-en Toshi, Chiba NT, Kohoku NT,
Kaihin NT, and Kashiwa no Ha. (Transit Oriented Urban Development)

Kashiwa no ha
Chiba NTTama NTTama Den-en Toshi

Kaihin NT
Kohoku NT

20

Tsukuba Express
Integration of urban development along railway
and urban railway development : Tsukuba Express

IbarakiPrefecture
Ibaraki South Rural
Environment Area

Tsukuba

Higashi-Katsushika North
Green Environment Area

【Metropolitan Intercity
Railway Company】
 Start of Operation: Aug. 2005
 Operating Distance: 58.3km
 Line Name: Joban New Line
(Tsukuba Express)
 Number of Stations: 20
 Average Daily Passenger Traffic
Approximately 320,000[Urban Development along Railway]
Start of Project: 1993
Planned area
: 3,000ha
Projected population: 250,000

Saitama Southeast Water
Culture Industrial Area

Chiba Prefecture
Tokyo Central - Old Town Area

Akihabara

Tokyo Metropolitan

21Experiences of Japan's Housing Policies -1950's: System establishment period●Establishment of the three pillars of housing policies
Housing Loan Corporation(established in 1950)

51CN type

Promote the purchase / construction of
housing by lending long-term lowinterest funds.

Publicly-operated housing(legislated in 1951)
Supply rental housing with low rent to lowincome earners who are unable to meettheir housing needs.

Japan Housing Corporation(established in 1955)
Construct housing and supply housing land in a
massive scale centering on metropolitan areas.
→ Reorganized to "Housing and Urban Development
Corporation" in 1981,

Example of public housing (2DK type)"Urban Development Corporation" in 1999, andIndependent Administrative Institution "Urban RenaissanceAgency" in 2004.

22

Housing Loan System of Japan (1) Loan Scheme of Housing Loan Corporation (until 2007)
1. Housing Loan Corporation provided housing loans directly to individuals at a long-term fixed interest rate with the funds
borrowed from the Ministry of Finance (financial investment and loan).
2. Interest of loans by Housing Loan Corporation was supplemented by subsidy from the government and was therefore
kept low.
3. Housing Loan Corporation also provided private-sector constructors with short-term funds for housing construction.
4. Private-sector constructors sold housing to individuals.
5. Housing Loan Corporation directly lent funds to individuals who purchase housing.

Repayment

Repayment

Ministry of Finance(General accounting)Private-sector
constructor
3. Financing(short term)

4. Construction /salesHigh quality
housing
4. Purchase
5. Financing(long term)

Individuals

2. Subsidy
Housing Loan
Corporation(present Japan
Housing FinanceAgency)1. Financing

Ministry of Finance(Financial investment
and loan)

Deposit (duty)
Tax
Postal savings
Deposit(voluntary)
General public

Repayment* From 1950 to 2007 (as shown in the Figure)- Housing Loan Corporation provided housing loans directly to individuals at a long-term fixed interest rate.
- As funds for housing loans, funds collected by the Ministry of Finance from postal savings (deposits from citizens), etc. were used.
This scheme shifted as follows in 2007 in accordance with the development of the money market.
- Private financial institutions provide housing loans (Japan Housing Finance Agency no longer directly provides loans).
- Japan Housing Finance Agency purchases housing loans from private financial institutions, securitizes them to mortgage-backed securities (MBS), and sells MBS in
the money market.
23(Loan funds needed by private financial institution are procured from the capital market through securitization by Japan Housing Finance Agency)

Housing Loan System of Japan (2) Check on Conformity to the Technical Standards by Technical Review
General flow of the technical review on housing loans by Housing Loan Corporation (for newlyconstructed single-family houses)

Apply for housing loan

Design review
Confirm whether the construction work described in the application conforms to thetechnical standards of Housing Loan Corporation by checking the drawings andspecifications (plan view, elevational view, specifications, etc.).

Start of construction
On-site review (when roofing work is completed) *In principle, when roofing work is completed, technical staff visit the construction site tocheck whether the construction work described in the application conforms to thetechnical standards of Housing Loan Corporation.

Issuance of the notice concerning the on-site review

Receipt of loan
* On-site review upon completion of construction work has been added since October 2001.
24

1960's: Stipulation of Housing Construction Plan by law and massive supply of public housing
1955: Housing Construction 10-Year Program "Solution of the shortage of 2.72 million
housing units.
Supply of 250,000 housing units every year"
1957: New Housing Construction 5-Year
Program1964: Housing Construction 7-Year
ProgramEstablishment of the Housing Construction
Planning Act (1966)

1st Term Housing Construction 5-Year
Program(1966-1970)"Realization of one housing unit for one
household”

Soka Matsubara Danchi (housing complex)

Supplied 2.6 million public housing units
during the term.
25

1970's: Shift from Quantity to Quality
Total number of housing units exceeds total number of households in the country (1968).
Total number of housing units exceeds total number of households in all the prefectures (1973).
2nd Term Housing Construction 5-Year Program (1971-1975)- Aim to live in a housing unit with habitable rooms
totaling 9 tatami mats for small households or atleast 12 tatami mats according to the number ofhousehold members for general households.
- Aim to construct "a housing unit with a size
satisfying one room for every person."

3rd Term Housing Construction 5-Year Program(1976-1980)

Tama New Town
(Move-in started in 1971)

Minimum housing
standard- Housing standard for all the public to secure- Reduce by about half the households living under the standard by 1980.

Average housing
standard- Housing standard for average household to secure- Aim to ensure that average household secures the standard by 1985.

26

Minato Mirai (Yokohama)Development taking advantage of the waterfront characteristics and considering the conservation of historic
properties and port landscape. Develop an attractive city where urban functions and operating functions ofenterprises and administrative organs are brought together as a center of international exchange.

1980

2016

about 30 minutes(29km)
Tokyo
Kawasaki

Yokohama Red Brick
Warehouse

HanedaYokohama
about 35 minutes(about 21 km)

Operating zone
Yokohama
Station

Shintakashima
StationNissan Head Office

Pacifico Yokohama(MICE facility)
Hotel

Commerce / amenity zone
MICE, culture / commercial zone
東京湾
QS (JGC Head Office)
Red Brick Warehouse
Amusement Commercial
Yamashita Park
Minato Mirai Stationpark
facilities
Art museum

Hotel

Bashamichi Station

Nihon-Odori Station

Motomachi-Chukagai Station

Kanagawa Prefectural OfficePublic office zone Food / international zone

0

500m

Photo source: Minato Mirai 21, Yokohama City

27

Kasumigaseki Common Gate
Redevelopment as the first PFI (Private Finance Initiative) project in Japan utilizing government land
(government offices). Realized community development utilizing the characteristics of historical areaand highly effective use of land by reducing the limit of floor area ratio.
Before development

After development

Map of the Edo Era

Stone walls of Edo Castle
preserved in the premises
Image of development

28

Actions for Landscape Formation (1) Economic Growth and Deterioration of LandscapeDespite the continuing high growth of economy, actions for landscape formation are likely tobe behind and deterioration of landscape increased in many locations.
Although some advanced local governments promoted their actions through establishment of
independent ordinances for landscape protection, enforceability of such ordinances waslimited since they were not based on any national law.
<Example of interference with good landscape>Many wires in the air
Very low ratio of undergroundcables as compared with major
foreign cities
London and Paris:100%
99.2%
Berlin:72.1%
New York:
Tokyo 23 Wards: 5.2%

as of 1977
as of March
2003

Overflow of illegal
advertisements
Construction of buildings
inappropriate for thelandscapeCondominium development
impaired the landscape of
Byodo-in Phoenix Hall (nationaltreasure and world heritage)29

(2) Establishment of Landscape Law
Landscape Law, established in 2004, supports activities of local governments forformation of good landscape.
[Activities under the Landscape Law]

Local government that promotes landscapeLandscapeadministration utilizing the Landscape Law = Administration Body
681 bodies

Status ofutilization as of Municipalities
March 2016523 bodies

Landscape area (City planning

Landscape plan (system for notification, recommendation, etc.)
1. Limitation on buildings etc.
(1) Limitation on form / design (form,
color, quality of material, etc.)<Image>control system)
Limitation on buildings etc.
The exterior walls have a tint of warm color or
achromatic color for harmonization with thesurrounding area.

Inclined roof covered by smoked tiles
Range of base colors
by the Munsell color
systemJapanese-style walls(2) Height, wall surface position, etc.
Leading by notification system. (Possible to recommend design change, etc. if not conforming to the standards)

2. Other planning matters

For form / design, it is also possible to give an order when applicable actions aredesignated by ordinance.

Ensure effectivenessby certification
system.

Ensure effectivenessby building
confirmation etc.

* Regulation corresponding to "a Quasi-Landscape District"is also possible for areas other than city planning area.

Structures / trees of landscapeimportance
Promoting landscape preservation by designingstructures etc. important for the landscape(permission system for change of existing state)

Buildings Trees

In addition, promoting the comprehensive formation of goodlandscape by implementation of the landscapeagreement for public facility of landscapeimportance and other systems.
30

(3) Establishment of the Historic Community Development Act (*)* Act on Maintenance and Improvement of Traditional Scenery in Certain Districts

Historic Community Development Act was established in 2008 to maintain and improve buildings with a high historicalvalue and surrounding area.
 To develop the vision of "administration of ancient city preservation" throughout
The central government
the country, mainly for urban areas, andactively supports the activities
 To promote community development for maintenance and improvement ofof local communities
historic scenery[Historic scenery]"People's activity"
reflecting the history andtradition unique to theregion = People's life

"Buildings with a highhistorical value andsurrounding area" wheresuch activity is performed.
Sanmachi Traditional Buildings
Preservation Area, and Takayama
Festival (Takayama-shi, Gifu)

Good environment of urban area developed inharmony with the historic scenery.

 The Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism and the Agency for Cultural Affairs, and theMinistry of Agriculture, Forestry, and Fishery have so far authorized projects of 59 cities.

Satisfaction of residents withtownscape preservation

Repair / purchase ofhistorical buildings

Restoration of castle
ruins in city parks

Intensive support by each project

FY2006

2009

2010

2013

Results of resident questionnaire(Kameyama-shi, Mie)31

(4) Examples of Landscaping
 Landscaping by removing utility poles, decorating the pavements, etc. (Matsuyama-shi, Ehime) Repair and landscaping project for historic scenery buildings (Ikaruga-cho, Nara)32

(5) Holding of Public Awareness Raising Event
In the course of studying / planning revitalization of the central urban area of Yangon,"Pedestrian paradise" was held as a pilot event from the evening to night. The
purpose of this event was that citizens experience the importance of landscapepreservation and attractive urban development in future.
State of the event

Opening Ceremony Opening address from Yangon Region Chief
Minister Phyo Min Thein, Ambassador Higuchi,
Yangon Mayor, and Office Manager Nakazawa
 Messages focused on urban development for
new Yangon were issued to many citizens andtourists who joined the event.

 The event was held on two streets facing the park in the central urban area, along
which stands selling local traditional products or providing foods were open. Also,
entertainment performance was held on the streets, where many citizens and foreign
tourists were walking, enjoying stands and performance.
 It was a practical event and Region Chief Minister Phyo Min Thein commented that
he hopes to have such an event every year.
Place of opening ceremony

Drones also played an
active part.

State of stands
State of the event

Region Chief Minister Phyo Min Thein
He said loudly to citizens, "Feel the charm of
Yangon and make a new Yangon together!!"

Ambassador Higuchi"I really realized this is a wonderful event and wantto cooperate with you in revitalization of Yangon!!"

Office Manager Nakazawa"For revitalization of Yangon, your participation is important.
Your feedback as well as your participation in the event isgreatly expected!!"Panel of State Counsellor Suu Kyi
This event was also held in commemoration of the25th anniversary of the receipt of Nobel Peace
Prize.
(Proposal of Region Chief Minister Phyo Min Thein)

A traditional umbrella store in Pathein33

Improvement of Earthquake Resistant Performance of Existing Buildings[Major events]

Comparison of the damages of buildingｓ in Great Hanshin-Awaji Earthquake

1950 Enactment of The Building Standard
Law (BSL)
1981 Wide amendment of seismic code
1995 Great Hanshin-Awaji Earthquake
Enactment of The Act of Promotionof Seismic Retrofitting of
Buildings (APSRB)
2011 Great East Japan Earthquake
Amendment of APSRB(Mandatory seismic assessment ofLarge scaled hospitals, department
sores, hotels, schools, etc.）[Examples of seismic retrofitting]Source; Japan Building Disaster
Prevention Association

Additional Sheer wall

Jacketing of columns

Additional steel braceｓ

34

Japanese Railway Network : Development of Railway Network in Tokyo Area
1950

2000
Railway

Railway

Route Length
(km)

1,478
(100)

Route Length
(km)

2,229
(151)

Passengers
Carried（million/year）

2,258
(100)

Passengers
Carried（million/year）

12,940(573)• Construction of New line
• Increase of Tracks• Introduction of Long train
set and Large body car

Tram

Subway(200km)(300km)35

Expanding urban railway network
Railway network in Tokyo has reached approx.2,500km.

900km have been added to Tokyo’s railway network since 1950.
Km

36

Access to Urban Centers : Tokyo Yurikamome
AGT developed to access Central Tokyo
to and from Tokyo Waterfront City

Tokyo Metropolitan
Tokyo Sta.
[Yurikamome] Start of Operation: Nov. 1995
 Operating Distance: 14.7km
 Line Name: Tokyo Waterfront New Transit
Waterfront Line
 Number of Stations: 16
 Average Daily Passenger Traffic:
Approx. 11,5000 (2014)37

Development of Access to Airport (Tokyo International Airport [Haneda Airport])
For railway access to Haneda Airport, there were significant changes since Tokyo Monorail started operation in 1964 in
accordance with the holding of the 1964 Tokyo Olympic Games, including "Monorail extension (1993)", "Operation of Keikyu
Kuko Line to Terminal as direct train service (1998)", and "Opening of International Terminal Station (2010)."
Location map of thecenter of Tokyo and
Haneda Airport

Course of events in improvement of railway access to Haneda Airport
Tokyo Stn

1964

1993

1998

Hamamatsucho Stn
Shinagawa Stn

Commencement of operation between Monorail Hamamatsucho Station and(former) Haneda Station.
Commencement of operation of the extended line for Monorail Haneda
Airport Station
Commencement of operation of the extended line for Keikyu Haneda Station(present Tenkuubashi Station) (Change the train to Monorail for Airport)
Commencement of operation of the extended line for Keikyu Hanedakuko
Station2007

Completion of passing track at Monorail Showajima Station, and start ofoperation of rapid train to Airport.

2010

Opening of the New International Passenger Terminal Building Station.

2012

Renovation of Keikyuukamata Station (platforms with two-layer elevatedstructure) and commencement of service

Enlarged view of Haneda Airport area

Tokyo MonorailTokyo Monorail

Keikyu MainLine Airport
Line

KeikyuKuko Line

24 minutes at fastest
between Tokyo Stn
and Haneda Airport

FormerAir
Terminal
Building

Tenkuubashi
Stn
Change to Monorailat Keikyu (former)
Haneda Stn.

Haneda Airport 2nd
Building Stn
HanedaHanedaAirport 1st
AirportBuilding Stn
International
Haneda Airport 1st
Terminal Stn
Domestic Terminal
Building

Haneda Airport
International
Building Stn

Haneda Airport 2nd
Domestic Terminal
Stn

Haneda Airport
Domestic Terminal
Stn

Haneda Airport 1st
Domestic Terminal
Building

HanedaAirport

3km
Source: Website of Geospatial Information Authority of Japan (Topographic map)

38

Example of Access to Tokyo International Airport : Tokyo MonorailTokyo Sta.

Monorail developed to access Airport
to and from Central Tokyo

Tokyo Metropolitan

Hamamatsucho[Tokyo Monorail] Start of Operation: Sep 1964
 Operating Distance: 17.8km
 Line Name: Tokyo Monorail Haneda Airport Line
 Number of Stations: 11
 Average Daily Passenger Traffic: Approx. 125,000

Haneda Airport
Terminal 2

39

Development of Access to Airport (New Tokyo International Airport [Narita Airport])
For railway access to Narita Airport, there were significant changes since it started operation in 1978,
including "Operation of JR / Keisei Line to Terminal as direct train service (1991)", "Opening of Airport 2nd
Building Station (1992)", and "Opening of Narita Sky Access (2010)."
Location map of the centerof Tokyo and Narita Airport

Extended and opened in 2010

Narita Sky Access (Narita
Airport Line)

Nippori Stn

Ueno Stn

Narita Airport

36 minutes at fastest
between Nippori andNarita Airport

Enlarged view of Narita Airport area
Keisei Main Line
JR LineTokyo Stn

Narita Sky Access

Keisei Main Line

Narita Airport 2nd
Terminal Building

JR line5km(former) Keisei Main Line route

Course of events in improvement of railway access to Narita Airport

1978

Opening of Keisei Narita Airport Station (present Higashi
Narita Station)

1991

Opening of (present) Narita Airport Station directly under
the terminal.
Opening of JR Line (Start of operation of Narita Express)

1992

Opening of Airport 2nd Building Station

2010

Opening of Narita Sky Access(Time to the center of Tokyo was shortened 15 minutes to
36 minutes)
Source: Website of Geospatial Information Authority of Japan (Topographic map)

Airport 2nd
Building Stn(former) Narita Airport Stn
Bus service
between (former)
Narita Airport Stn
and Airport
Terminal Building

Narita Airport Stn
Narita Airport 1st
Terminal Building

40

New Railway Projects to Improve Access to Airport
In addition to the past development projects, a number of new railway projects that contribute toaccess between airport and the metropolitan area are under consideration.
<JR East Japan's plan for Haneda Airport
access line><Shinkuko Line (Kamakama Line)>

West Yamanote route
East Yamanote route
Hamamatsucho
Yamanote Line
Saikyo Line

Tamachi

Oshio Line

Shibuya

ShinagawaTokyo Teleport

Coastal area route
Osaki

HanedaAirportInternational
Terminal

Shinagawa Seaside

Source: Materialof Ota-ku

Oimachi

Keisei
Main Line (Narita Sky Access:
京成本線（成田スカイアクセス
成田空港～
NaritaAirport - Nippori- Tokyo, 55 min. on average)
日暮里～東京平均５５分）

NaritaNew Rapid Railway
成田新高速鉄道

Narita総武線（成田エクスプレス
Sobu
Line (Narita Express:
NaritaAirport - Tokyo,
53 min. on average) Airport Stn
成田空港～東京
平均５３分）

NipporiStn
日暮里駅
Tokaido Freight Line

Keikyuukamata<Central Tokyo Direct Line>

Tokyo Freight Terminal

Tokyo Monorail
KamataKeisei
Main Line
京成本線
Sobu
Line
総武本線

SengakujiStn
泉岳寺駅
Haneda Airport
New Station

Haneda Airport
Domestic Terminal
Haneda Airport
International Terminal

成田空港駅

Oshiage
押上駅 Stn

New Tokyo
Stn
新東京駅

Haneda Airport 2nd
Building[Legends]
Existing line (JR)Existing line (Private
railway)
New line
Multiplication of track

HanedaAirportDomestic
Terminal

Haneda Airport 1st
Haneda Airport
Building
International
Source: Material of
Building
JR East Japan

Hamamatsucho 東京地下鉄東西線
Tokyo Subway Tozai Line
浜松町駅
Stn

品川駅
Shinagawa
Stn
Keikyu Main
Line
京急本線

東京モノレール
Tokyo Monorail(Haneda Airport - Hamamatsucho- Tokyo, 27 min. on average)（羽田空港～浜松町～東京
平均２７分）

Haneda Airport Station
羽田空港駅
Keikyu Kuko Line (Haneda Airport 京急空港線 - Tokyo, 36 min. on
Shinagawa（羽田空港～品川～東京 平均３６分）
average)

At present, 107 minutes even at「羽田空港～成田空港」
fastest between "Haneda Airport and間は現行最速でも107分
Narita Airport."

41

Examples for Use of Bus Transportation (Tokyo)
 Further enhance the convenience of public transportation aiming to accumulate the world-levelbusiness / housing functions and invite international investment and human resources.
 Aim to develop transport terminals that are convenient and provide clear information and to
introduce BRT: (Bus Rapid Transit), a rapid transit system with excellent punctuality and rapidity,etc.
Development of operating areas,
bus stops, etc.

Toranomon area

Designated emergency development
area for city revitalization

国道1号

Image of Toranomon
Bus Terminal

Image of New Toranomon
Station on the subway
Hibiya Line

New Tokyo
Waterfront
Subcenter (BRT)Bus terminal

BRT operation route connecting
between central Tokyo andWaterfront Subcenter
Trunk line route (Toranomon / Tokyo Station Kokusai-tenjijou Station / Tokyo Teleport Station)
Kachidoki route (Shinbashi Station - Kachidoki)
Olympic Village route (Toranomon / Shinbashi Station - Olympic Village)

Harumi / Toyosu route (Toranomon / Shinbashi
Station - Toyosu Station)
Route under consideration

Bus stop

Operation area

 Introduction of new technologies- Technology for enhancing positional alignment (automatic
travel (positional alignment) control)- Upgrading of PTPS (Public Transportation Priority System)

Develop a bus terminal and a new
subway station connected to theterminal.

Develop operation area of BRT,
bus stops, etc.
42

Examples for Use of Water Transportation (Tokyo)
 Private businesses operate water buses on ten lines in the Sumida River running along thecenter of central Tokyo, including Tokyo, Shinbashi, Akihabara, and Ueno, and in Tokyo Bay.
 Operation of water taxi started at some platforms in August 2016 as part of social experiment.
Water bus

Water taxi
Tokyo

43

Changes in Traffic Network Development in Metropolitan Area
In 1963, a traffic network of 3 rings and 9 radials was planned as the basic structure of roadtraffic in the Metropolitan Area, but delay in development of radial roads has been causing traffic
congestion.
Planned to develop three ring roads (Central Circular Route, Tokyo Outer Ring Road, andMetropolitan Inter-City Expressway), aiming to solve the traffic congestion in central Tokyo.

Concept of 3-ring and 9-radial network
TohokuExpressway
Kan-etsu
Expressway

SaitamaCity

Metropolitan Inter-City
Expressway

Tokyo Outer
Ring Road

CentralCircular Route

Chuo
Expressway

HachiojiCity

MitakaCity

Inner Circular
Route

Atsugi City

As of Oct. 31, 2015

Tomei
Expressway
Yokohama City

TsukubaCity
Joban
Expressway

Matsudo Narita City
City
HigashiKanto
Ichikawa
Chiba Expressway
City
City
Kisarazu
City

HanedaAirportDaisan Keihin
Expressway

Tateyama
Expressway
Tokyo AquaLine

Coastal Road

Legends
Opened section (as of Oct.
31, 2015)
Unopened section

1990

44

Japanese Expressway (1) History■ On July 15, 1963, the first expressway opened in Japan.
(Meishin Expressway, Amagasaki,Hyogo – Kyoto – Ritto,Shiga 71km)■ 1965 Completion of Meishin Expressway (190km)(Nagoya,Aichi – Osaka – Kobe,hyogo)

Photo: NEXCO-West45

(2) National Expressway Network Development
1,000km in service (Sept, 1973)

3,000km in service (Mar, 1982)
Sapporo●Niigata

Osaka●

Fukuoka●●

Sendai

●

●

●

●

●

●

Tokyo

Nagoya8,000km in service (Mar, 2012)

5,000km in service (Dec, 1991)

●

●

●
●

●

Hiroshima

●
●

●

●

●
●

●

* excluding the motorway of national highway

●

●
●

●

●

46

50000

9000

45000

8000

GDP per capita (current 2005 US$)

40000

7000

GDP per capita*1

35000

6000

30000
5000
25000
4000
20000

Total length of expressway*2

3000

15000

2000

10000

Total Length of expressways in operation (km)(3) Change in the length of expressways and real GDP

1000

5000
0

0
1954

1964

1974

1984

1994

2004

2014

Note:
*1: Current US$, data from the World Bank “World Development Indicators” at http://data.worldbank.org/country/japan*2: Data from MLIT “Annual Road Statistics 2015” at http://www.mlit.go.jp/road/ir/ir-data/tokei-nen/2015/nenpo02.html

47

(4) Current Expressway Network Plan (14,000km)<Background>• Addressing over-concentration
to Tokyo metropolitan area
• Pursuing spatial balanced
development• Facilitating inter-regional
communication

Osaka
NagoyaAs of Jan. 2015

Tokyo

48

(5) The Shinkansen Network
Maximum Operation Speed: 320km/h
Total Length in Operation: 2,765km
Year of Inauguration: 1964

SapporoHokkaido Shinkansen
Mar.2016

Shin-Hakodate hokuto
Shin-Aomori

2010
Hachinohe

Hokuriku Shinkansen

2002
Morioka

Sanyo Shinkansen

2015
Kanazawa
HakataTsuruga

1975

Niigata
Sendaii

TohokuShinkansen

1982

Nagano1982

1997
Nagoya 1964

Nagasaki2011

Shin-Osaka

2004

Kyushu Shinkansen
KagoshimaChuo

Tokyo

Tokaido Shinkansen

JR Hokkaido
JR East
JR Central
JR West

JR Kyushu
Under Construction
Planned line49

(6) Super-conducting Maglev System
Propulsion Coils

 Project Outline

Levitation and guidance coils

Constructor & Operator

JR Central

Planned RouteTokyo ~ Osaka

Mode of Maglev

Super-conducting Maglev System

Designed Running
Speed(Max)505 km/hSuper
Conducting
Magnets

 Project Area
Guideway
Tokyo-Osaka

Tokyo- Nagoya

Length(km)

438

286

Journey time（minute）

67

40

Nagoya
Osaka

Tokyo

Experimental Trainat Test Track© JR central

50(7) Regional Development by the Effect of Shinkansen Development

Before(1997)

After(2012)51

Support for Development of City Planning System[Issues] In the review of the Yangon urban development master plan, etc., we pointed out the absence of legal
system that secures the practicability of city planning as well as the importance of securing its
effectiveness in the future.
 In response to the successive launch of urban development projects by private enterprises in Yangon,
it is required to establish city planning system that secures effectiveness and development permission
scheme in order to facilitate development projects smoothly as well.

[Contents of support] The MLIT started to support system development under the Bill for Urban and Regional
Development Planning in fiscal 2014, and conducted the exchange of opinions andfollow-up including expert etc. in 2015 and 2016. (The Bill to be introduced to the Diet) Enforcement regulations, etc. need to be formulated after passage of the Bill, so JICA's experts
on urban policy are to be dispatched around February this year.

<Professional Meeting in 2016>52

Overseas Deployment / International Cooperation in the Housing and Building Fields
 In addition to intergovernmental information exchange, development of human resources who engage in"housing policy", "housing supply", etc. and technical cooperation in housing supply planning and supply
system establishment have been implemented.
 In January 2016, a memorandum was executed between the Ministers of both countries concerning thepromotion of cooperation in urban and housing fields, and another memorandum was executed in
September of the same year at the working-level of both countries concerning cooperation in the housing
finance field.
In November, when the Administrative Vice-Minister visited Japan, he requested Japan's support inestablishment of housing finance system for housing supply under the housing master plan.
 In December, when Mr. Ishii, Minister of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism, visited Myanmar, amemorandum was exchanged with the Minister U Win Khaing in order to further promote cooperation in
housing finance.
 Japan has dispatched experts in the housing field since October 2016.
[Recent activities]

 Feb. 2016: Conducted a training seminar on housing policy in Japan(20 persons).
 Sep.:
Conducted a training seminar on housing policy in
Myanmar.
 Nov.:
Japan accepted some trainees in the housing supply /policy field (10 persons) and housing finance (6 persons).
 Dec.:
Minister Ishii (MLIT) visited Myanmar. Signed thecooperation memorandum (revised version) in order tofurther promote cooperation in housing finance.
A seminar on earthquake-resistant buildings was held in
Myanmar.
 Feb. 2017: Japan is going to accept 5 trainees (advanced course) in
the housing finance field.

Participants in a local seminar

Training seminar in Japan53

Activities in the Construction Industry Field
Development of business environment
 Held "Construction Industry System Seminar" in January 2015
jointly with the Ministry of Construction in order to improve thebusiness environment of local Japanese companies. In the
Seminar, Japan's permission systems in the constructionindustry, etc. were introduced. We plan to invite the persons incharge from next fiscal year and hold training seminars for landand construction systems.
 We plan to support studies on land policy through the Policy
Collaboration Strengthening Program by National Graduate
Institute for Policy Studies and JICA (FY2017 and FY2018).

Acceptance of technical interns, etc.
Further optimization is planned for the project of accepting foreign
construction workers in relation to the acceptance of technicalinterns from overseas.
[Before entry into the country]- Support leading projects to conduct prior education / training considering
construction-specific activities.
- Establishment of general-purpose education / training program[Period of stay]- Support the acquisition of skills / qualification- Establishment of evaluation system according to skills[After return to Myanmar]- Support business matching between local and Japanese construction
enterprises- Support matching between job offers and applications, etc.

 Support the Japan-Myanmar Construction Round-Table
Conference, which makes practical discussions between
government and private sector, for solution of specific andhighly urgent issues found in the construction field.
* Participating organizations / groups- Myanmar side: Ministry of Construction, public service
corporations, Ministry of Planning,
Ministry of Revenue, etc.
- Japan side:
MLIT, Overseas Construction
Association of Japan, Inc., etc.

Contribution to the construction
marketAdvanced skill acquisition / transfer

Skill acquisition/ transfer(Domestic) Second Conference(Sep. 2016)(Overseas)

Support of overseas advancement of middle-tier andsmall-to-medium-sized enterprises.

Foreign construction
workers

Technical
interns

Creation of business opportunity
 Support of the advancement of construction
and real estate companies to the market- Information exchange meeting between Myanmar's Minister ofConstruction and the Overseas Construction Association ofJapan, Inc., etc.

 Support of overseas advancement of
middle-tier and small-to-medium-sizedenterprises.
- Dispatch of mission team- Holding of business matching, etc.

Technical intern system

 Business matching event

Cases of worker
acceptanceContribution to the development of skilled humanresources in developing countries.
Exploitation / acquisition of local construction market

54

54

1. Comparison of Myanmar and Japan
2. Urban issues in Myanmar
3. Urban issues and responsive actions
experienced by Japan
4. Overseas deployment of infrastructure
systems by the Japanese government

Promotion of Overseas Deployment of Infrastructure Systems
In March 2013, under the prime minister's direction, a ministers meeting chaired by Chief Cabinet
Secretary (Ministerial Meeting on Strategy relating Infrastructure Export and Economic
Cooperation) was launched to discuss export of infrastructure, economic cooperation, etc.
comprehensively.
In the same Meeting held in May 2013, "Infrastructure system export strategy" was decided. The
target is to receive orders for infrastructure totaling 30 trillion yen in 2020 (10 trillion yen for 2010).
Centering on the following five pillars, specific measures are promoted.
(1) Promote public-private cooperation in order to strengthen the global competitiveness ofenterprises.
- Effective use of policy support tools- Support for area-wide / broad-based activities- Consistent support for activities from upstream to downstream- Promotion of various and powerful top sales and strategic PR- Strengthening of public-private cooperation system, etc.
(2) Support for exploitation / development of enterprises, local governments, and humanresources who are expected to lead overseas deployment of infrastructure.
(3) Acquisition of international standards using advanced technologies, knowledge, etc.
(4) Support for entry into the infrastructure field expected to be a new frontier(5) Promotion of securing stable and inexpensive supply of energy mineral resources fromoverseas56

Support for Area-wide / Broad-based Activities
Strategic development of various support tools for economic cooperation
Utilization of

Support fortechnical
M/P and F/S cooperation
projects
and grant aid

 Support formulation of acomprehensive master plannecessary for community
development, systemdevelopment, etc. in the target
county.
 Support F/S, etc. for large-scale
infrastructure projects, etc.

Utilization of yenloans Speed up the procedure of
yen loanSupport forstrengthening of
public finance Expand the target ofoverseas investment andfinancing Introduce yen loan to be
repaid with foreign currency  Strengthen JBIC function

 Yen loan for sub-sovereigns  Expand the international
trade insurance system Introduce US$denominated yen loan, etc.  Establishment of JOIN
and JICT, etc.

57

Examples of Area-wide Development
Traffic infrastructure, such as rapid transit / urban railways, andperipheral development[India] Mumbai-Ahmedabad rapid transit railway, urban railwayRapid transit railway construction plan for connecting Mumbai and
Ahmedabad (about 500 km, almost equal to the distance between
Tokyo and Osaka) in about 2 hours. Total project cost is about 1.3
trillion yen (according to the media report). Of the seven routes of
the rapid transit railway plan, this route was first considered.
India also has a large number of construction plans for urban
railway (metro etc.). Japan supported metro construction projects
in Delhi, Chennai, Kolkata, etc. through ODA (yen loan, technicalcooperation).
Rapid transit railway plansin India

Basic infrastructure development and urban development

[Myanmar] Thilawa Special Economic Zone Development(including Thilawa Port)
2
Newly developed a special economic zone (about 24 km ) in
Thilawa, about 20 km of south of central Yangon. A JapanMyanmar joint venture developed the zone and Japan's ODA
supported the development of peripheral infrastructure.

YangonElectric power
Transportation
Water supply
and drainage
IT

Delhi
(11 mil)
Howrah (Kolkata)(5.6 mil)Ahmedabad(5.6 mil)Pune(3.1 mil)Bangalore(8.4 mil)Mumbai(12 mil)Thilawa SEZ

Chennai(4.7 mil)Industrial development of resources etc. and development/operation ofoceanfront areas including port of shipment* Parenthesized figures represent the population asof 2011 (Source: India National Census).

[Mozambique] Nacala Corridor Development


In Nacala Corridor, development of distribution infrastructure is under way to support
coal development and agricultural development in inland areas. Japan is supporting thefunctional strengthening of container terminals including Nacala Port, which is theentrance of Nacala Corridor, with yen loan, grant aid, and technical cooperation.
Japanese companies have determined to invest and participate in the development /operation projects for Nacala Railroad and Coal Terminal, which are under developmentby railroad and port operating companies.

Nacala Port58

Development of Thilawa Special Economic Zone
 A special economic zone with the total area of about 2,400 ha being developed by the Japan-Myanmar
consortium. Japan is supporting the development of peripheral infrastructure, etc. in the form of ODA as an "AllJapan" project.
 For the industrial park in the zone, 78 companies (including 39 Japanese companies) already concluded apreliminary contract (as of Dec 2016).
 This SEZ is expected to support job creation and economic development in Myanmar as a base ofadvancement for foreign enterprises including Japanese ones. This project is also expected to serve as amodel case for foundation of enterprises and establishment of various systems including customs clearance,
finance, and insurance through the promotion of development under international standards including
environmental impact assessment.
Public investment
area(Harbor)

Cargo cranePrivate investment
area

Operation

Building Cargo handlingmachineryRoad

Reclamation /soil improvement
Sharing between government and private sector in Thilawa Harbor Project (verticalseparation method)
ミャンマー港湾位置図
Myanmarharbor location map

To
Ayeyarwady River
至：エーヤワディー川
YangonPresent Yangon
Harbor to Thilawa
Present Yangon
Harbor to river ヤ Harbor
16 km
mouth

ン
32 km ゴン
川

Thilawa Harbor
To river mouth

FieldElectric
power

Project

Amount of fundprovided

50 MW power station, power lines, related
facilities, etc.
Expansion of Thilawa Harbor, terminal
equipment

34.8 billion yen

Access road between Yangon and Thilawa

4.6 billion yen

Yangon service water development

23.6 billion yen

Communi Development of country-wide communication
cationnetwork

10.5 billion yen

Thilawa-related yen-loan projects

59

Logistics

Water

Japan Overseas Infrastructure Investment Corporation for Transport & Urban Development (JOIN)

Japan Overseas Infrastructure Investment Corporation for Transport & Urban Development (JOIN) invests in andprovides hands-on support to local entities that undertake projects for overseas transport infrastructure and urban
development together with Japanese entities, utilizing the knowledge, technologies, and experiences accumulated inJapan. (Founded on Oct. 20, 2014)
Japan Overseas Infrastructure Investment Corporation for Transport & Urban Development: abbreviated to JOIN

《Background of foundation》
◯
◯
◯

◯

The world, including newly emerging countries, has huge demand forinfrastructure projects.
A type of project that utilizes private sectors is increasing, expecting
their funds and know-how.
It is difficult for private sectors to enter into transport / urban
development projects by themselves due to the characteristics including
time-consuming development, demand risk in the operation stage, andinfluence of the local government.
Included infrastructure system export strategy etc. in the governmental
policy.

[Government policy]• Infrastructure system export strategy (decided by the Ministerial Meeting on Strategy
relating Infrastructure Export and Economic Cooperation on May 17, 2013)• Prime Minister Abe's speech on infrastructure system (Jan. 24, 2014)• High quality infrastructure partnership (May 21, 2015)• Follow-up measures for high quality infrastructure partnership (Nov. 21, 2015)• Initiative to expand the export of high-quality infrastructure (May 23, 2016)《Main operations》◯

Investment (joint investment with private sectors)◯ Hands-on support (dispatch of officers and engineers,etc.)◯ Negotiation with the target country《Support projects》◯ Transportation projects
・ Passenger / cargo transport projects by railroad / vessel / airplane
・ Maintenance and management of railroads, roads, ports, and airport facilities, etc.

◯ Urban development projects
・ Construction of buildings including housing, hotels, and offices.
・ Operation and maintenance of parks and sewerage, etc.

◯ Projects that support the above-mentioned projects• "Japan Restoration Strategy" revised in 2016 (June 2, 201, Cabinet Decision)《Effects of support》◯◯◯

Take in growth in the world market by entry into overseas markets.
Expand the opportunity for related industries to obtain orders byparticipation in project operation.
Improve the overseas business environment of Japanese enterprises
by infrastructure improvement.

Contribute to the sustainable growth ofJapanese economy.

Reference: Projects that decided to receive support from Japan(i) Vietnam Thivai Port Terminal Development / Operation Project (approved by the Minister on Oct. 2015), (ii) USA Texas Rapid Transit
Railway Project (approved by the Minister on Nov. 2015), (iii) Brazil Urban Railway Development / Operation Project (approved by the
Minister on Dec. 2015), (iv) Myanmar Complex City Development Project (approved by the Minister on July 2016)

60

[JOIN's Urban Development Project] Myanmar Yangon Landmark ProjectA project for constructing and operating complex facilities including offices as the landmark of
Yangon near Yangon Central Station, which is the center of business and commerce, with theinvestment by Japan Group, consisting of Mitsubishi Corp. *1, Mitsubishi Estate *2, and JOIN, andMyanmar SPA Group.
Investment and financing from international financial institutions --- ADB (Asian Development
Bank) and IFC (International Finance Corporation) -- are also planned.
The first project of JOIN in the urban development field.
*1 Mitsubishi Corp.: A general trading firm developing multilateral operations in broad industrial fields with the corporate framework consistingof 7 groups (Global Environment & Infrastructure Business, Industrial Finance, Logistics, & Development, Energy Business, Metals,
Machinery, Chemicals, and Living Essentials) and Business Service Group.
*2 Mitsubishi Estate: General real estate developer undertaking a lot of projects, including town planning in Marunouchi, Tokyo, anddevelopment / operation projects for office buildings, commercial facilities, housing, hotels, etc. and actively entering into overseas
markets as well.
空港

Image ofcompletion

15km

Plannedsite

Yangon Central
StationAung San
MarketSakura Tower

4km
Shangri-La Hotel

2km

Mitsubishi
Corp.
Investment

Mitsubishi
EstateInvestment

SPA Group

Investment

Investment

Investment

Investment

Local project entity* From the left, office building, office building, hotel / service / apartment building, condominium building* The low-rise building in front is a hotel development project to renovate the existing building, which is different from this project.

Project Scheme Figure

Finan
cing

61

61

Taking today's opportunity, I sincerely hope forrealization of the promotion of urban development
here in Myanmar in close cooperation between
governments and businesses of Myanmar andJapan.
Thank you very much for your attention.