STUDYCOMPARISON - BUILDING AUTOMATION WITH ANDWITHOUT WIRELESS TECHNOLOGYJULIA WINKLER

1. Goals of the Study

STRUCTURE

2. Key data
3. Procedure
4. Summary

Julia Winkler

WHY?
We spend 90% of our lives inside buildings
Building Automation / Smart Home is becoming
an ever-increasingly important topic

01 GOALS

Julia Winkler

GOALSTo highlight the advantages ofbuilding automation compared toconventional installation methods

To compare different types of installation
technologies in the area of decentralized building
automation (with and without wirelesstechnology) and to highlight the advantages anddisadvantages thereof

01 GOALS

Julia Winkler

EQUIPMENT TECHNOLOGIES
1. Conventional installation“dumb” building

1. (Orientation value)

2. Building automation without wireless KNX as a representative standard"Intelligent" building
3. Building automation with wireless EnOcean as a representative standard

02 KEY DATA

Julia Winkler

COMPARISON FACTORS

Cost

Ecology & Environment

02 KEY DATA

Health & Wellness

Julia Winkler

FLOOR PLANS

215,2 𝐦𝟐

81,5 𝐦𝟐

43,3 𝐦𝟐

ONE-ROOM APARTMENT

THREE-ROOM APARTMENT

02 KEY DATADETACHED HOUSE

Julia Winkler

EQUIPMENT VARIANTS•

Basic Smart Building equipped Partly "intelligent" building Entry point into building automation•

Fully Smart Building equipped Fully "intelligent" building Comfort variation of building automation

02 KEY DATA

Julia Winkler

ACTION• For every floor plan
• In both equipment variants (basic and fully equipped)• For all three equipment technologies (conventional, KNX and EnOcean)

Functions

Determination of thefunctions required
for the respective
equipment variant

Components

Determination of the
products required

Floor Plan Planning

Graphic floor plan
planning➢ Generating parts
lists)

Costs

Complete parts lists
with manufacturer
prices03 APPROACH TO COST DETERMINATION

Evaluation /Comparison

Interpretation andcomparison of thedifferent technologies

Julia Winkler

EQUIPMENT SPECIFICATION
Conventional
Basic Equipment

Full Equipment

DIN18015- RAL-RG678"★★★" Comfort equipment- Checklist for identificationof user requirements *- Checklist for identificationof user requirements *- Results of otheruniversity studies *- Results of otheruniversity studies *- Checklist for identificationof user requirements *- Checklist for identificationof user requirements *- Results of otheruniversity studies *- Results of otheruniversity studies ** Checkliste zur Ermittlung der Nutzerandforderungen: Prof.Dr.Krödel,Michael: Technische Hochschule Rosenheim, Vorlesung für Gebäudeautomation** Kos, Monika: Vergleich von „Smart-Home“ Gebäudeautomationssystemen und eine darauf basie-rende Entwicklung von Ausstattungsvarianten am Beispiel Hanse-Haus GmbH Oberleichtersbach.
Rosenheim, Technische Hochschule Rosenheim, Fakultät für Holztechnik und Bau, Bachelorarbeit, 2013
Mattausch,Kay: Einsatz von Gebäudeautomation zur Unterstützung für altersgerechtes Woh-nen.Rosenheim, Technische Hochschule Rosenheim, Fakultät für Holztechnik und Bau, Diplomarbeit, 201103 APPROACH TO COST DETERMINATION

Julia Winkler

COSTS
Variant

Manufacturer

SourceData from different manufacturers:

Calculation aid for electrical andCentral Association of German Electrical andinformation technology

Information Technology Trades (ZVEH)

Trades (KFE), as of 2020

Products

Hager Vertriebsgesellschaft mbH & Co. KG

2021 Catalogue excerpts

Products

Eltako GmbH

2021 Product Catalogue

Wiring, Installation Costs

Data from various manufacturers: Central

Calculation aid for Electrical and

Products
Conventional

Association of German Electrical and Information

Information Technology

Technology Trades (ZVEH)
Trades (KFE), as of 2020

03 APPROACH TO COST DETERMINATION

Julia Winkler

COST DETERMINATION
Conventional Wiring:
Material (Products and Wiring): KFE+ 19% VAT

Surcharge Factor 1,19

-Installation (Komponente und Verkabelung): KFE+ 19% VATJULIA WINKLER

03 APPROACH TO COST DETERMINATION

30.07.2021

COST DETERMINATIONKNX und EnOcean :Material (Products): Official Suppliers‘ List Pricing+ 19 % VAT- Discount for System Integrator

Surcharge Factor 1,5+ 30% Adder for the Installer Company (Margin)

Material (Wiring) and Installation: KFE+ 19% VATJULIA WINKLER

Surcharge Factor 1,1903 APPROACH TO COST DETERMINATION

30.07.2021

BUILDING AUTOMATION AREAS

Security

Comfort03 APPROACH TO COST DETERMINATION

EnergyJulia Winkler

One-room apartment - basic equipment
Equipment component:
Kitchenette

Living room

Floor space

Hall

Bathroom

One-room apartment basic equipment
Area
Product
ComfortBlind actuator
ComfortShutter switch
ComfortDimming actuator
Comfort2 Rocker light switch
EnergyRoom temperature sensor with input
EnergyRadiator valve actuator
EnergySwitch actuator flush mounting
EnergyCentral switch
Security
Smoke detector
Total

03 APPROACH TO COST DETERMINATION

Units
2
2
11
9
2
3
2
1
1
33

Julia Winkler

ONE-ROOM APARTMENT - BASIC EQUIPMENT

Example of the layout
in the EnOcean variant

03 APPROACH TO COST DETERMINATION

Julia Winkler

One-room apartment - basic equipment

Total costs - one-room apartment basic
equipment
12.000,00 €Total costs per square meter - one-roomapartment, basic equipment
250,00 €

228,83 €9.885,32 €10.000,00 €200,00 €170,94 €7.384,58 €

8.000,00 €150,00 €6.000,00 €103,81 €4.484,73 €

100,00 €4.000,00 €50,00 €

2.000,00 €0,00 €

0,00 €
Konventionell
ConvenKNX

EnOceantionalKonventionell
ConventionalKNX

EnOcean* The following costs were not taken into account for the KNX technology:• Costs for the ETS tool (average flat rate is determined by the respective installer)• License per construction site (between € 200 - € 400)

03 APPROACH TO COST DETERMINATION

Julia Winkler

One-room apartment - basic equipment
One-room apartment basic equipment Distribution of costs (per square meter)
250,00 €KNX: 20 % Cost-Adder Wiring
30 % Cost-Adder Products

200,00 €150,00 €173,78 €KostenCosts Komponenten
of products
124,31 €100,00 €Kosten Verkabelung
Costs
of cabling

55,97 €
50,00 €
47,60 €

54,51 €

46,23 €

Konventionell

KNX

EnOcean

0,00 €

Conventional03 APPROACH TO COST DETERMINATION

Julia Winkler

One-room apartment - fully equipped
Equipment component:
Kitchenette

Living room

Floor space

Hall

Bathroom

One-room apartment fully equipped
Area
Product
ComfortBlind actuator
ComfortShutter switch
ComfortDimming actuator
Comfort2 Rocker light switch
Energy / Comfort
Brightness and presence detectors
EnergyRoom temperature sensor with input
EnergyRadiator valve actuator
EnergySwitch actuator flush mounting
EnergyCentral switch
Security
Smoke detector
Security
Weather station
Security
Window contact
Total

03 APPROACH TO COST DETERMINATION

Units
2
2
11
11
4
2
3
2
1
1
1
2
42

Julia Winkler

One-room apartment - fully equipped

Total costs - one-room apartment fully equipped
14.000,00 €12.735,75 €12.000,00 €350,00 €10.000,00 €9.008,10 €

294,81 €300,00 €250,00 €8.000,00 €6.000,00 €Total costs per square meter - one-roomapartment fully equipped

208,52 €200,00 €4.484,73 €

150,00 €4.000,00 €103,81 €100,00 €2.000,00 €50,00 €
0,00 €
Konventionell

ConventionalKNX

EnOcean

0,00 €
Konventionell
Conventional03 APPROACH TO COST DETERMINATIONKNX

EnOceanJulia Winkler

One-room apartment - fully equipped

One-room apartment fully equipped Distribution of costs (per square meter)
350,00 €300,00 €250,00 €200,00 €KostenCosts Komponenteof component

236,65 €150,00 €161,25 €KostenCosts Verkabelungof cabling

100,00 €55,97 €
50,00 €

47,60 €

57,47 €

46,79 €

Konventionell

KNX

EnOcean

0,00 €

Conventional03 APPROACH TO COST DETERMINATION

Julia Winkler

Three-room apartment - basic equipment
Equipment component:
KitchenBathroom

Room

Hall

BedroomThree-room apartment basic equipment
Area
Product
ComfortBlind actuator
ComfortShutter switch
ComfortDimming actuator
Comfort2 Rocker light switch
EnergyRoom temperature sensor with input
EnergyRadiator valve actuator
EnergySwitch actuator flush mounting
Security
Smoke detector
Total

Units
8
5
18
15
5
6
9
4
70

Living room

03 APPROACH TO COST DETERMINATION

Julia Winkler

Three-room apartment - basic equipment

Total cost - three-room apartment basic
equipment
25.000,00 €Total costs per square meter three-roomapartment basic equipment
300,00 €20.257,28 €

248,56 €250,00 €20.000,00 €15.271,73 €

15.000,00 €

187,38 €200,00 €150,00 €10.000,00 €6.627,35 €

100,00 €5.000,00 €81,32 €

50,00 €

0,00 €
Konventionell

ConventionalKNX

EnOcean

0,00 €
Konventionell

ConventionalKNX

EnOcean* The following costs were not taken into account for the KNX technology:• Costs for the ETS tool (average flat rate is determined by the respective installer)• License per construction site (between € 200 - € 400)

03 APPROACH TO COST DETERMINATION

Julia Winkler

Three-room apartment - basic equipment
Three-room apartment basic equipment - cost distribution(per square meter)
300,00 €250,00 €200,00 €Costs
component
Kostenof
Komponenten

182,57 €150,00 €135,00 €Kosten Verkabelung
Costs
of cabling

100,00 €22,31 €
50,00 €
59,01 €

65,99 €

Konventionell

KNX

52,38 €

0,00 €

Conventional

EnOcean

03 APPROACH TO COST DETERMINATION

Julia Winkler

Three-room apartment - fully equipped
Equipment component:
KitchenBathroom

Room

Hall

Bedroom

Living room

Three-room apartment - fully equipped
Area
Product
ComfortBlind actuator
ComfortShutter switch
ComfortDimming actuator
Comfort2 Rocker light switch
Energy / Comfort
Brightness and presence detectors
EnergyRoom temperature sensor with input
EnergyActuator
EnergySwitch actuator flush mounting
EnergyCentral button
Security
Smoke detector
Security
Weather station
Security
Window contact
Total

03 APPROACH TO COST DETERMINATION

Units
8
8
18
15
6
5
6
9
1
4
1
8
89

Julia Winkler

Three-room apartment - fully equipped

Total costs - three-room apartment fully
equipped
30.000,00 €Total costs per square meter - three-roomapartment fully equipped
350,00 €25.525,60 €25.000,00 €17.910,95 €20.000,00 €313,20 €300,00 €250,00 €219,77 €200,00 €15.000,00 €150,00 €10.000,00 €6.627,35 €

100,00 €5.000,00 €81,32 €

50,00 €
0,00 €

0,00 €
Konventionell

ConventionalKNX

EnOceanKonventionell

ConventionalKNX

EnOcean* The following costs were not taken into account for the KNX technology:• Costs for the ETS tool (average flat rate is determined by the respective installer)• License per construction site (between € 200 - € 400)

03 APPROACH TO COST DETERMINATION

Julia Winkler

Three-room apartment - fully equipped
Three-room apartment fully equipped Distribution of costs (per square meter)
350,00 €300,00 €250,00 €200,00 €240,98 €Costs ofcomponent
KostenKomponenten
KostenCosts Verkabelungof cabling

150,00 €175,75 €100,00 €22,31 €
50,00 €
59,01 €

72,22 €

Konventionell

KNX

44,02 €

0,00 €

Conventional

EnOcean

03 APPROACH TO COST DETERMINATION

Julia Winkler

Single-family house - basic equipment
Equipment component:
Single-family house - basic equipment
Area
Product
ComfortBlind actuator
ComfortShutter switch
ComfortDimming actuator
Comfort2 rocker light switch
EnergyRoom temperature sensor with input
EnergyRadiator valve actuator
EnergySwitch actuator flush mounting
Security
Smoke detector
Security
Weather station
Security
Window contact
Total

03 APPROACH TO COST DETERMINATION

Units
16
12
45
33
10
7
14
7
1
17
162

Julia Winkler

Single-family house - basic equipment

Total costs - single-family home basic equipment

Total costs per square meter single-family house,basic equipment

60.000,00 €250,00 €48.306,22 €50.000,00 €38.896,09 €40.000,00 €200,00 €180,74 €150,00 €30.000,00 €20.000,00 €224,47 €100,00 €16.420,54 €

76,30 €

50,00 €

10.000,00 €0,00 €

0,00 €
Konventionell

ConventionalKNX

EnOceanKonventionell

ConventionalKNX

EnOcean* The following costs were not taken into account for the KNX technology:• Costs for the ETS tool (average flat rate is determined by the respective installer)• License per construction site (between € 200 - € 400)

03 APPROACH TO COST DETERMINATION

Julia Winkler

Single-family house - basic equipment
Single-family house basic equipment
Distribution of costs (per square meter)
250,00 €200,00 €150,00 €164,38 €127,24 €100,00 €50,00 €

KostenKomponenten
Costs ofcomponent
KostenCosts Verkabelungof cabling

33,28 €

43,02 €

60,09 €

53,50 €KNX

EnOcean

0,00 €
Konventionell

Conventional03 APPROACH TO COST DETERMINATION

Julia Winkler

Single-family house - full equipment

Equipment component:
Single-family house fully equipped
Area
Comfort
Comfort
Comfort
ComfortEnergy / Comfort
EnergyEnergyEnergyEnergySecurity
Security
Security
Security

Product
Blind actuator
Shutter switch
Dimming actuator
2 rocker light switch
Brightness and presence
detectors
Room temperature sensor
with input
Radiator valve actuator
Switch actuator flush mount
Central switch
Smoke detector
Weather station
Radio siren
Window contact
Total

03 APPROACH TO COST DETERMINATION

Units
16
12
45
33
15
10
14
14
1
7
1
1
17
186

Single-family house - full equipment

Total cost – fully equipped single family home
60.000,00 €Total costs per square meter - fully equipped
single family home

54.353,08 €
300,00 €50.000,00 €40.657,12 €40.000,00 €252,57 €250,00 €188,93 €200,00 €30.000,00 €150,00 €20.000,00 €16.420,54 €
100,00 €10.000,00 €76,30 €

50,00 €

0,00 €
Konventionell

ConventionalKNX

EnOcean

0,00 €
Konventionell
ConventionalKNX

EnOcean* The following costs were not taken into account for the KNX technology:• Costs for the ETS tool (average flat rate is determined by the respective installer)• License per construction site (between € 200 - € 400)

03 APPROACH TO COST DETERMINATION

Julia Winkler

Single-family house - full equipment
Total cost of single-family home
Distribution of costs (per square meter)
300,00 €250,00 €200,00 €Costs ofcomponent
KostenKomponenten

190,92 €150,00 €135,48 €KostenCosts Verkabelungof cabling

100,00 €50,00 €

33,28 €
43,02 €

61,65 €

53,45 €KNX

EnOcean

0,00 €
Konventionell
Conventional03 APPROACH TO COST DETERMINATION

Julia Winkler

Summary - basic equipment
Basic equipment - costs per square meter
300,00 €250,00 €248,56 €228,83 €

224,47 €187,38 €200,00 €180,74 €170,94 €150,00 €100,00 €50,00 €

0,00 €KNX

EnOceanOne-room
apartment
Einzimmerwohnung

KNX

EnoceanThree-roomapartment
Dreizimmerwohnung

KNX

EnOceanDetachedhouse
Einfamilienhaus

Minimum equipment variant One-room apartment
Three-room apartment
Detached house
KNX
EnOcean
KNX
Enocean
KNX
EnOceanTotal cost
9.885,32 €7.384,58 €20.257,28 €15.271,73 €48.306,22 €38.896,09 €Costs per square meter
228,83 €170,94 €248,56 €187,38 €
224,47 €180,74 €04 COST DETERMINATION SUMMARY

Julia Winkler

Summary - full equipment
Full equipment - costs per square meter
350,00 €313,20 €300,00 €294,81 €
252,57 €250,00 €219,77 €208,52 €188,93 €200,00 €150,00 €100,00 €50,00 €
0,00 €KNX

EnOceanEinzimmerwohnung
One-room
apartment

Full equipment variant
Total cost
Costs per square meter

KNX

EnoceanDreizimmerwohnung
Three-roomapartment

KNX

EnOceanEinfamilienhaus
Detachedhouse

One-room apartment
Three-room apartment
Detached house
KNX
EnOcean
KNX
Enocean
KNX
EnOcean
12.735,75 €9.008,10 €25.525,60 €17.910,95 €54.353,08 €40.657,12 €
294,81 €208,52 €313,20 €219,77 €252,57 €
188,93 €04 COST DETERMINATION SUMMARY

Julia Winkler

HEALTH & WELLNESS• What effects does building automation have on health?
• Are there any health aspects that could speak for or against therespective equipment technology (KNX or EnOcean)?

05 HEALTH & WELLNESSJulia Winkler

HEALTH & WELLNESS• Electrosmog from wireless systems?

SAR-Value(Specific
Absorption
SAR-Wert
Rate W/m2)

WLAN/Bluetooth

Mobile

EnOcean

0,01

12 - 420,000013

700 x

1,6 Million x

No disadvantage for EnOcean technology
05 HEALTH & WELLNESSJulia Winkler

HEALTH & WELLNESSIndoor climate: effects on physical and mental health and productivity
Advantages of an "intelligent" building:• Creation of an optimized room climate, e.g. by➢ CO2, temperature and humidity sensor➢ Brightness sensor➢ Dimming actuators

05 HEALTH & WELLNESSJulia Winkler

ECOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENT• Which effects on the environment result from a smart home?

• Are there differences in the respective technology (KNX and EnOcean)?

06 ECOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENT

Julia Winkler

ECOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENT-

Heating is responsible for around 60 percent of the total energy usage ofprivate households-

Especially in winter, most homes are heated 24 hours a day „Smart Heating“ – Reduction of 4-5 oC in room temperature (during
the night or during non-occupancy) The implementation of smart heating valve actuators can save
approximately 10% energy

06 ECOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENT

Julia Winkler

ECOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENT
Facts:➢ Production of 1 ton of plastic generates around 1.3 tons of CO2➢ Burning 1 ton of plastic produces around 3 tons of CO2• In Germany alone, around 150,000 tons of old cables are disposed every
year during renovation and demolition➢ Main components: PVC and Copper➢ Consequence: Complex recycling process

06 ECOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENT

Julia Winkler

ENVIRONMENTAL FACTOR
 Per construction project: Saving on average 8.5 kg of PVC
 Annual building permits (Germany): 232208

KNX

EnOceanPossible savings: 1974 tons of PVC

7616 T
PVC

5642 T
PVC

CO2: 2566 tons of production
5922 tons of incineration

8488 tons of CO2 could be saved annually

06 ECOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENT

42

SUMMARY ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGESDisadvantages of Smart Homes:- High acquisition costs (especially for KNX)

07 SUMMARY ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES

Julia Winkler

SUMMARY ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGESAdvantages of Smart Homes:+ Improved room climate (KNX and EnOcean)+ Security (KNX and EnOcean)+ Energy (approx. 10% savings) (KNX and EnOcean)+ Comfort (KNX and EnOcean)

Advantages of EnOcean:+ Ecology - Energy Harvesting (EnOcean)+ High flexibility (EnOcean)
07 SUMMARY ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES

Julia Winkler

CONTACT

Study performed as part of Bachelor Thesis by Julia Winkler at theTechnical University of Applied Sciences Rosenheim, Germany.
English translation by Marketa Sidlikova.
E-MAIL
Julia.Winkler@stud.th-Rosenheim.de

Julia Winkler