Japan-Sri Lanka Urban
Development Seminar
Keynote Speech

Japan's Cooperation for Urban
Development in Sri Lanka
Special Advisor to the Prime
Minister
Hiroto IZUMIOctober 10, 2016
Colombo, Sri Lanka

Comparison of Sri Lanka and Japan■Japan■Sri Lanka

Population

About 127 million

Population

About 21 million

National land area

About 378,000 km2

National land area

About 66,000 km2

1

Comparison of GDP between Japan and Sri Lanka（$/capita）

Rapid economic growth
periodSteady growth period

Maturation period

Japanese GDP growth rate

Democratic Socialist
Republic of Sri Lanka
3,924$/capita（2015）

0
1960

1965

1970

1975

1980

1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

2010

2

Urban Issue in Sri Lanka --- "Overconcentration of Population"• About 30% of the total population of Sri Lanka (about 66,000 km2) are concentrated on Western Province(about 3,700 km2).
• Of them, about 80% are concentrated on Colombo District (40%) and Gampaha District (40%).
• In contrast, the population growth in Sri Lanka is slow on the whole, and the annual average population
growth rate is on the decline.

GampahaDistrict

Colombo
District

Population Share of Western Province (2012)

KaltaraDistrict

Census Population of Sri Lanka
Source:「URBAN TRANSPORT SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT
PROJECT FOR COLOMBO METROPOLITAN REGION AND
SUBURBS」,JICA, MAY 2014

By District of Western
Province

Population Share of Western
Province (2012)3

Urban Sprawl• Low-density housing development is going on in the suburbs according to the rise in housing demand.
• Housing construction is often seen in privately-owned farms, etc., which has consequently caused inefficient
expansion of urban area.
• Sri Lanka people tend to prefer a house with a garden, which is contributing to the expansion of housing area
to suburban area.

Urban Development Characteristics
Source: 「URBAN TRANSPORT SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT
PROJECT FOR COLOMBO METROPOLITAN REGION AND
SUBURBS」,JICA, MAY 2014Land Use of Colombo Municipal Council (2013)4

Traffic Congestion in Urban Area
• Traffic congestion on the highways running between downtown and suburban areas is becoming serious inaccordance with the increase in automobile ownership and environmental issues including air pollution are
also rapidly increasing.
• The number of registered automobiles in Western Province in 2012 is about 1,300,000 (about 40 cars per
1,000 persons), which is about 2.3 times the number in 2002 and is increasing at the annual average rate ofabout 8.5%.

The number of automobile ownership per 1,000 persons
in major cities

Travel Speed in CMC in
Morning Peak Hour
The number of motorcycle ownership per 1,000 persons inmajor cities

Travel Speed in CMC in
Evening Peak Hour

Source: 「URBAN TRANSPORT SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT
PROJECT FOR COLOMBO METROPOLITAN REGION AND
SUBURBS」,JICA, MAY 20145

Western Megapolis Master Plan
•In January 2016, the Ministry of Megapolis and Western Development announced
the Western Region Megapolis Master Plan.
•The Plan summarized 150 development projects up to 2030 in Western Province
including Colombo, and total investment amounts to 4 trillion yen.
■Three major objectives of the Master Plan•

To address the issues resulting from the congestion pressures being exerted on theurban physical infrastructure, urban services & amenities, and the environment,that have been brought about by ‘messy urbanization’.

•To create the enabling environment for propelling the nation to the status of a highincome developed country tunneling through the middle income trap, by way ofleveraging the economies of agglomeration, through development and transformationof the physical and institutional infrastructure and the national economic structure.

•

To optimally harness the benefits of knowledge-based innovation-driven global
economic environment characterized by such developments as the ‘new industrial
revolution’ and emergence of ‘smart cities’.

■The 10 Mega Projects
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

Transport, Energy and Water
Housing and Relocation of
Administration
Environment and Waste
Management
The Aero Maritime Trade Hub‘The High Rise’-Central
Business District

6.

Industrial and Tourist CitiesMirigama,Horana,Negombo &Aluthgama
7. Science and Technology City
8. ‘Eco Habitat’and Plantation City
9. ‘Smart Nation’-The Smart City
Development Project
10. ‘Tranquility’–The Spiritual
Development Facilitation

Source: 「WESTERN REGION MEGAPOLIS MASTER PLAN」, Ministryof Megapolis and Western Development, JAN 2016

Proposed Western Region Megapolis
Land Use Structure Plan 2030

6

Urban Issues Japan Experienced（$/capita）

Steady growth period

Rapid economic growth period

Maturation periodSingapore(54,649)

Brunei(38,563)

Rapid urbanization
Commuter rush, traffic congestion
Environmental issues
Air pollution, trash problem, waterpollution
Sri Lanka(around 3,924)

South Korea(26,482)

Declining birthrate
and aging population
Depopulation
Disaster prevention /mitigation

Malaysia(10,514)

China
Thailand (6,270)(6,626)

Indonesia(3,475)
Philippines(2,765)

Laos (1,589) Vietnam(1,868)Myanmar(1,183)
Cambodia(1,008)

0
1960

1965

1970

1975

1980

1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

2010

7

Japan's Experiences in Urban Development
Functional distribution in Tokyo Metropolitan Development

1950s

1960s-70s

1980s-90s

Post-war concentration of
population on central Tokyo

Promoted relocation of plants,
universities, and new towns tosuburban areas.

Realization of multi-core city
structure
The 3rd National Capital Region Development Plan (1976)
The 4th National Capital Region Development Plan (1986))

Three housing policies

Trends of the numbers of dwelling units and households, and vacancy rates

・Establish the organization and system for housing
loans.
→ Foundation of Housing Loan Corporation (1950) (present Japan Housing FinanceAgency)・Establish a legal system for development of public
rental housing→ Proclamation of the Publicly-operated Housing Act (1951)

・Establishment of public corporations anddevelopment of public housing (new towns)→ Foundation of Japan Housing Corporation (1950) (present Urban RenaissanceAgency)Image of rezoning

8

Japan's Experiences in Urban Development

Improvement of the peripheral / indoor environment of housing

Introduction of various transportation systems

Redevelopment of harbor districts (ex. Harumi)

Introduction of resource recycling equipment (ex. Roppongi Hills)

9Japan's Experiences in Urban Development
Realization of a smart city in Kashiwa-no-ha Campus City

Formation of the frame of a compact city
Location optimization planning area
Residence inviting area

Urban function
inviting area

Local public transportation

Renovation of housing stock

10

Tama New Town
• Urban development by public government.
• New construction of two radial private railways with direct connection to central Tokyo• New construction of a loop of Tama Intercity Monorail with connection to Tachikawa City

Development of Tama New Town
Urban railway

Location map

MonorailTachikawa City

20km

40km

Tokyo City Center

Toll expressway

Railway

Project concept

MonorailPrefectural Boundary

Source: City and Transportation,
Vol. No. 65(Japan Transportation
Planning Association)

Source: Materials submitted by UR

Residential area

Greenbelt and parks

Educational facilities

Commercial facilities

City plan decided: 1965
Moving-in started in : 1971
Planned area
: 2,892ha
Projected population: 340,000
11Enhancement of public transportation-Induction of new town development in Tokyo Metropolitan AreaIn conjunction with urban railway development, a large-scale suburban new town development
was conducted, such as Tama NT, Tama Den-en Toshi, Chiba NT, Kohoku NT, Kaihin NT, andKashiwa no Ha. (Transit Oriented Urban Development)

Kashiwa no ha
Chiba NTTama NTTama Den-en Toshi

Kaihin NT
Kohoku NT

12Tsukuba Express
Integration of urban development along railway
and urban railway development : Tsukuba Express

IbarakiPrefecture
Ibaraki South Rural
Environment Area

Tsukuba【Metropolitan Intercity
Railway Company】
 Start of Operation: Aug. 2005
 Operating Distance: 58.3km
 Line Name: Joban New Line
(Tsukuba Express)
 Number of Stations: 20
 Average Daily Passenger Traffic
Approximately 320,000

Higashi-Katsushika North
Green Environment Area

【Urban Development along Railway】
Start of Project: 1993
Planned area
: 3,000ha
Projected population: 250,000

Saitama Southeast Water
Culture Industrial Area

Chiba Prefecture
Tokyo Central - Old Town Area

Akihabara
Tokyo Metropolitan

13Experiences of Japan's Housing Policies (1): 1950's: System establishment
period●Establishment of the three pillars of housing policies
Housing Loan Corporation(established in 1950)

51CN type

Promote the purchase / construction of
housing by lending long-term lowinterest funds.

Publicly-operated housing(legislated in 1951)
Supply rental housing with low rent to lowincome earners who are unable to meettheir housing needs.

Japan Housing Corporation(established in 1955)
Construct housing and supply housing land in a
massive scale centering on metropolitan areas.
→ Reorganized to "Housing and Urban Development
Corporation" in 1981,

Example of public housing (2DK type)"Urban Development Corporation" in 1999, andIndependent Administrative Institution "Urban RenaissanceAgency" in 2004.

14

Experiences of Japan's Housing Policies (2): 1960's: Stipulation of Housing Construction Planby law and massive supply of public housing•

1955: Housing Construction 10-Year Program "Solution of the shortage of 2.72 million
housing units.
Supply of 250,000 housing units every year"

・ 1957: New Housing Construction 5Year Program・ 1964: Housing Construction 7-Year
ProgramEstablishment of the Housing Construction
Planning Act (1966)

1st Term Housing Construction 5-Year
Program(1966-1970)"Realization of one housing unit for one
household”
Supplied 2.6 million public housing units
during the term.

Soka Matsubara Danchi (housing complex)

15

1970's: Shift from Quantity to Quality
Total number of housing units exceeds total number of households in the country (1968).
Total number of housing units exceeds total number of households in all the prefectures (1973).
2nd Term Housing Construction 5-Year Program (1971-1975)- Aim to live in a housing unit with habitable rooms
totaling 9 tatami mats for small households or atleast 12 tatami mats according to the number ofhousehold members for general households.
- Aim to construct "a housing unit with a size
satisfying one room for every person."

3rd Term Housing Construction 5-Year Program(1976-1980)

Tama New Town
(Move-in started in 1971)

Minimum housing
standard- Housing standard for all the public to secure- Reduce by about half the households living under the standard by 1980.

Average housing
standard- Housing standard for average household to secure- Aim to ensure that average household secures the standard by 1985.
16

Development of Railway Network in Tokyo Area
1950

2000

Railway

Railway

Route Length
(km)

1,478
(100)

Route Length
(km)

2,229
(151)

Passengers
Carried（million/year）

2,258
(100)

Passengers
Carried（million/year）

12,940
(573)

•
•
•

Construction of New line
Increase of Tracks
Introduction of Long train
set and Large body car

Tram

Subway(200km)(300km)17

Expanding urban railway network
Railway network in Tokyo has reached approx.2,500km.
900km have been added to Tokyo’s railway network
since 1950.
Km

18

Access to Transport Hub : Tokyo MonorailTokyo Sta.

Monorail developed to access Airport
to and from Central Tokyo

Tokyo Metropolitan

Hamamatsucho【Tokyo Monorail】
 Start of Operation: Sep 1964
 Operating Distance: 17.8km
 Line Name: Tokyo Monorail Haneda Airport Line
 Number of Stations: 11
 Average Daily Passenger Traffic: Approx. 125,000

Haneda Airport
Terminal 2

19

Access to Transport Hub : Kobe Port Liner
AGT developed to access Airport to and from Central Kobe

Kobe City

SannomiyaPort Island【Kobe New Transport】
 Start of Operation: Feb. 1981, Feb. 2006
 Operating Distance: 10.8km
 Line Name; Port Island Line
 Number of Stations: 12
 Average Daily Passenger Traffic: Approx. 63,000

Kobe Airport20

Access to Urban Centers : Tokyo Yurikamome
AGT developed to access Central Tokyo
to and from Tokyo Waterfront City

Tokyo Metropolitan
Tokyo Sta.
【Yurikamome】
 Start of Operation: Nov. 1995
 Operating Distance: 14.7km
 Line Name: Tokyo Waterfront New Transit
Waterfront Line
 Number of Stations: 16
 Average Daily Passenger Traffic:
Approx. 11,5000 (2014)21

Use of IC Card in Public Transportation

Touch & go
(0.2 second)
IC card use rate inTokyo area90％
(as of Sep. 2014)

Beep!

Just lightly touch theautomatic ticket gate

Note 1: IC card use rate: Ratio of IC cards to all tickets used through automatic ticket gates
Source: Material by East Japan Railway Company (JR East Japan)

22

Introduction of Traffic IC Cards in Railroad Companies(as of the end of March 2013)

Domestic companies that introduced IC card
[78 companies]
Stations that accept IC card [about 5,000 stations]
Types of IC cards [25 types]
Total number of IC cards issued[about 87 million cards]
Kinki Region,
Okayama, Hiroshima, etc.

PASPY
▲Hiroshima
Electric Railway *from Jan. 2008
▲Hiroshima Rapid
Transit *from Aug. 2009

SKYRAIL PASS▲Sky Rail Service *from Jan. 2013

Kyushu Region
Nagasaki Smart
Card・Nagasaki
Electric Tramway
from Mar. 2008
・Matu-ura
Tetsudofrom Mar. 2011
Rapica・Kagoshima
City Transport
Bureaufrom Apr. 2005

Hareca(* Okayama
Electric
Tramway*)
from Oct. 2006

Randen Card(* Keifuku
Electric
Railroad)from Apr. 2011

ICOCA
○JR W est Japan○JR Shikoku(excluding 4
companies *including
Hiroshima Electric
Railway)
from Nov. 2003

For the symbols etc. of individual IC cards,
see "Legend" in attached material.
Click the area to see detailed data.

from Jun. 22, 2013

passcaHokkaido Region

SAPICA●Sapporo City
Traffic Bureau
from Jan. 2009

・Toyama Light
Rail Portramfrom Apr. 2006
Interchangeable

PiTaPa○14 companies* including Keifuku
Electric Railway* Including
Shizuoka Railway(excluding Kobe
Rapid Transit
Railway)△ 6 companies*including
Okayama ElectricTramway
from Aug. 2004

ecomycaSuica・Tomiyama
ChihouTetsudou○ JR East Japan○ 3 othercompanies
from Nov. 2001
(Monorail Suica)○Tokyo Monorailfrom Apr. 2002
(Rinkai Suica)○Tokyo W aterfront
Area Rapid Transit
from Dec. 2002

from Mar. 2010

ICa

PASMO

・Hikuriku
Railroadfrom Mar.
2005

○ 22
companies△4companies
from Mar.
2007

Metropolitan area, Sendai, Niigata, etc.

○NishiNippon
Railroadfrom May
2008

TTOICA

Hayakaken
IC E Card・Iyo Railway
from Aug. 2005

SUGOCA○JR Kyushu
from Mar.
2009○JR Hokkaido
from Oct. 2008

Hokuriku

nimoca○Fukuoka City
Transportation
Bureaufrom Mar. 2009

KitacaShikoku

IruCa・Takamatsu
Kotohira Electric
Railroadfrom Feb. 2005

Deska
・Tosa Electric
Railroadfrom Jan.
2009

manaca○3
companies△2
companies
from Feb.
2011○JR Tokaifrom Nov.
2006

Nice Pass
・Enshu Railway
from Aug. 2004

LuLuca(* Shizuoka
Railway)
from Mar.
2006

Chubu Region

Note: Prepared by each company's press material, etc.

23

Changes in Traffic Network Development in Metropolitan Area
• In 1963, a traffic network of 3 rings and 9 radials was planned as the basic structure of road traffic in the
Metropolitan Area, but delay in development of radial roads has been causing traffic congestion.
• Planned to develop three ring roads (Central Circular Route, Tokyo Outer Ring Road, and Metropolitan InterCity Expressway), aiming to solve the traffic congestion in central Tokyo.

Concept of 3-ring and 9-radial network
TohokuExpressway
Kan-etsu
Expressway

SaitamaCity

Metropolitan Inter-City
Expressway

Tokyo Outer
Ring Road

CentralCircular Route

Chuo
Expressway

HachiojiCity

MitakaCity

Inner Circular
Route

Atsugi City

As of Oct. 31, 2015

Tomei
Expressway
Yokohama City

TsukubaCity
Joban
Expressway

Matsudo Narita City
City
HigashiKanto
Ichikawa
ChibaExpressway
City
City
Kisarazu
City

HanedaAirportDaisan Keihin
Expressway

Tateyama
Expressway
Tokyo AquaLine

Coastal Road

Legends
Opened section (as of Oct.
31, 2015)
Unopened section

1990

24

History of Japanese Expressways• On July 15, 1963, the first expressway opened in Japan.
(Meishin Expressway, Amagasaki,Hyogo – Kyoto – Ritto,Shiga 71km)• 1965 Completion of Meishin Expressway (190km)(Nagoya,Aichi – Osaka – Kobe,hyogo)

Photo: NEXCO-West25

National Expressway Network Development
1,000km in service （Sept, 1973）

3,000km in service （Mar, 1982）
Sapporo●Niigata
Osaka●

Fukuoka●●

Sendai

●

●

●

●

●

●

Tokyo

Nagoya8,000km in service （Mar, 2012）

5,000km in service （Dec, 1991）

●

●

●

●

●

Hiroshima

●
●

●

●

●
●

●

※ excluding the motorway of national highway

●

●
●

●

●

26

50000

9000

45000

8000

GDP per capita (current 2005 US$)

40000

7000

GDP per capita*1

35000

6000

30000
5000
25000
4000
20000

Total length of expressway*2

3000

15000

2000

10000

Total Length of expressways in operation (km)Change in the length of expressways and real GDP

1000

5000
0

0
1954

1964

1974

1984

1994

2004

2014

Note:
*1: Current US$, data from the World Bank “World Development Indicators” at http://data.worldbank.org/country/japan*2: Data from MLIT “Annual Road Statistics 2015” at http://www.mlit.go.jp/road/ir/ir-data/tokei-nen/2015/nenpo02.html

27

Current Expressway Network Plan (14,000km)<Background>• Addressing over-concentration
to Tokyo metropolitan area
• Pursuing spatial balanced
development• Facilitating inter-regional
communication

Osaka
NagoyaTokyo

As of Jan. 2015

28

The Shinkansen Network
Maximum Operation Speed: 320km/h
Total Length in Operation: 2,765km
Year of Inauguration: 1964

SapporoHokkaido Shinkansen
Mar.201
6

MoriokaKanazawa

Nagasaki

2004
KagoshimaChuo

2011

Kyushu Shinkansen

2010

2002

Sanyo Shinkansen

1975

Shin-Aomori
Hachinohe

Hokuriku Shinkansen

HakataShin-Hakodate hokuto

Tsuruga
Shin-Osaka

2015
NaganoNiigata
Sendaii

1982
1982

1997

Nagoya 1964

Tohoku Shinkansen

Tokyo

Tokaido Shinkansen

JR Hokkaido
JR East
JR Central
JR West
JR Kyushu
Under Construction
Planned line

29Super-conducting Maglev System
Propulsion Coils

 Project Outline

Levitation and guidance coils

Constructor & Operator

JR Central

Planned RouteTokyo ～

Mode of Maglev

Super-conducting Maglev System

Designed Running
Speed(Max)505 km/h

Osaka

Super
Conducting
Magnets

 Project Area
Guideway
Tokyo-Osaka

Tokyo- Nagoya

Length(km)

438

286

Journey time（minute）

67

40

Nagoya
Osaka

Tokyo

Experimental Trainat Test Track© JR central

30Regional Development by the Effect of Shinkansen Development

Before(1997)

After(2012)31

Technical Cooperation in Land Readjustment Projects in Thailand• Since 1987, Japan has been providing technical cooperation concerning land readjustment methods in the Kingdom of Thailand, which has been faced withserious urban problems including disorderly land use.
• As a result of this cooperation, the Land Readjustment Law was established and a lot of projects were planned and commercialized in Thailand, andtechnologies provided through this technical cooperation have been firmly established as urban development technologies in Thailand.

Main pilot project sites
PhayaoLampang
LR Project

Nan LR Project
Phitsanulok

Uthai Thani
LR Project
Samut Sakhon LR
Rama 9LR ProjectCha-am LR Project

Narathiwat LR

Yala LR Project■Main contents of technical cooperation(1) Development research and technical cooperation project
From 1987
Implemented various development researches
June 1999 to May 2005
Urban development technical improvement project-- Appropriate town planning and introduction of urban development method
Nov. 2005 - Nov. 2009Land readjustment promotion project-- Development of system structure / Improvement of the project performanceof public institutions such as DPT (Department of Public W orks and Town &Country Planning, Ministry of Interior, Thailand) (Technical support throughimplementation of pilot project)
July 2010 to March 2014Land readjustment system self-sustaining development / dissemination project-- Formation of the completion model of land readjustment projects /Improvement of DPT's abilities to perform projects and support other land
readjustment business operators.

(2) Dispatch of experts
Since 1987, a total of 26 long-term experts and over 70 short-term experts were dispatched to BMA(Bangkok Metropolitan Administration), DPT, and other organizations to promote the aforementioned
various researches and projects.
■Main results(1) Development of related laws
A total of 25 relevant laws including the Land Readjustment Law (promulgated in 2004) were
established.
Institutional infrastructure for advancing land readjustment projects in Thailand was developed.
(2) Development of a technical standards etc.
Various types of technical standards, manuals, and guidelines were developed, including landevaluation / replotting design standards for site selection, project plan formulation, and replotting design,
project implementation standards, etc. Coverage of all the project phases concerning land readjustment
projects.
(3) Implementation of pilot projects- Since 2005, pilot projects were launched (targeting 10 districts at first) to conduct research /consensus building / planning for commercialization.
- As of the end of February 2014, 12 districts were approved for pilot project and 8 districts arepreparing for approval.
- Land readjustment master plan, which determines project area, were formulated in 52 out of 77
prefectures and approved by the Land Readjustment Central Committee. Pilot projects are also being
prepared or planned by 25 prefectures.
(as of June 2015)32

Support for Development / Dissemination of Construction-related Systems in
Newly Emerging Countries
Content of
measures
Objectives〇 Introduce systems related to Japan's construction and real estate industries to ASEAN countries, etc.
〇 Hold seminars, dispatch experts, develop human resources, etc. in response to requests from the governments andprivate enterprises of newly emerging countries.
→ Contribute to efficient development of infrastructure in newly emerging countries.
→ Improve the business environment of local enterprises and local Japanese construction / real estate companies.

Activities to date and policy for future activities
Activities in Cambodia○Held "Construction Industry
Systems Seminar" jointly with the
Ministry of Land Management inJune 2015.
* Seminar programi. Constructor's license system
ii. Construction industry engineer system○Held "Information exchange
meeting concerning the draft ofConstruction Law" in November
2015.

Activities in Vietnam○Held "Land / Real Estate Legal System
Seminar" jointly with the Ministry of
Natural Resource and Environment.
* February 2014 seminar programi. Real estate appraisal system
ii. Land expropriation system
iii.Real estate transaction system* October 2014 seminar programi. System and practice for acquisition of land for
public use and compensation
ii. Land evaluation system and practiceiii.Practice in the Vietnam local government○Providing support for studies on land
policies through provision of "Policy
Collaboration Strengthening Program" by
National Graduate Institute for Policy
Studies and JICA.

Activities in Myanmar○Held "Construction Industry Systems
Seminar" jointly with the Ministry ofConstruction in January 2015.
* Seminar programi. Constructor's license system
ii. Public works bidding qualification system
iii. Public works guarantee system
iv. System for acquisition of land for public use
and compensation[Future policy]○Grasp of the trend in revision of related
laws in Myanmar〇Sharing of knowledge in the construction
field in collaboration with other relatedorganizations.

Grasp of needs for system developmentin other emerging countries including
Laos.

Future commitment
In the countries about which Japan's construction and real estate companies have major concerns, we grasp specific institutional issues, needs,
etc. and approach to such countries to realize system development / dissemination there.
(Conduct bilateral meetings, seminars, site surveys, etc.)33

Overseas Deployment / International Cooperation in the Housing and Building
FieldsIn the housing and building fields, in order to promote overseas deployment of private enterprises in accordancewith international cooperation for establishment of housing and building systems between the governments, weare implementing activities including (i) research, analysis, and issue identification of housing and building
systems in newly emerging countries, (ii) public-private cooperation with technical criteria / standards formulation(by holding training, seminars, workshop, site tour, etc.), and (iii) response to international standardization, by
exchanging opinions widely with various enterprises and industrial associations in the housing and building fields
including design, construction, and building materials.
Major activities by country
Myanmar:Held the Japan-Myanmar Building and Housing Meeting, etc. in the year before last to start a cooperative
relationship. After the Meeting, we have been exchanging opinions through the official level meeting, etc. At
present, we are particularly supporting the urban housing policy, etc. by dispatching a housing policy
advisor (long-term exert).
Cambodia: Started cooperation in public housing systems, etc. including publicly-operated housing based on theagreement between the ministers of both countries.
Turkey:Introducing / disseminating the standards for quake-resistance / seismic isolation / seismic control
structure by accepting the government personnel as trainees and holding seminars in Turkey.
China:
Implementing model housing construction projects in China through the Japan-China Housing Industry
Association with involvement of both the Japanese and Chinese governments.

Japan-Myanmar Building andHousing Meeting

Courtesy visit of the Housing
Bureau personnel to Senior
Minister Yim, Kingdom of
Cambodia(June 25, 2015 in Cambodia)* Received a request for supporting
the housing field.

34

Promotion of Overseas Deployment of Infrastructure Systems•

In March 2013, under the prime minister's direction, a ministers meeting chaired by Chief Cabinet Secretary(Ministerial Meeting on Strategy relating Infrastructure Export and Economic Cooperation) was launched to
discuss export of infrastructure, economic cooperation, etc. comprehensively.

•

In the same Meeting held in May 2013, "Infrastructure system export strategy" was decided. The target is toreceive orders for infrastructure totaling 30 trillion yen in 2020 (10 trillion yen for 2010). Centering on thefollowing five pillars, specific measures are promoted.

(1) Promote public-private cooperation in order to strengthen the global competitiveness ofenterprises.
- Effective use of policy support tools- Support for area-wide / broad-based activities- Consistent support for activities from upstream to downstream- Promotion of various and powerful top sales and strategic PR- Strengthening of public-private cooperation system, etc.
(2) Support for exploitation / development of enterprises, local governments, and humanresources who are expected to lead overseas deployment of infrastructure.
(3) Acquisition of international standards using advanced technologies, knowledge, etc.
(4) Support for entry into the infrastructure field expected to be a new frontier(5) Promotion of securing stable and inexpensive supply of energy mineral resources fromoverseas35

Support for Area-wide / Broad-based Activities
Strategic development of various support tools for
economic cooperation
Support for Utilization oftechnical
M/P and F/S cooperation
projects
and grant aid

 Support formulation of acomprehensive master plannecessary for community
development, systemdevelopment, etc. in the target
county.
 Support F/S, etc. for large-scale
infrastructure projects, etc.

Utilization of yenloans Speed up the procedure of
yen loanSupport forstrengthening of
public finance Expand the target ofoverseas investment andfinancing Introduce yen loan to be
repaid with foreign currency  Strengthen JBIC function
 Yen loan for sub-sovereigns  Expand the international
trade insurance system Introduce US$denominated yen loan, etc.  Establishment of JOIN
and JICT, etc.

36

Examples of Area-wide Development
Traffic infrastructure, such as rapid transit / urban railways, andperipheral development[India] Mumbai-Ahmedabad rapid transit railway, urban railwayRapid transit railway construction plan for connecting Mumbai and
Ahmedabad (about 500 km, almost equal to the distance between
Tokyo and Osaka) in about 2 hours. Total project cost is about 1.3
trillion yen (according to the media report). Of the seven routes of
the rapid transit railway plan, this route was first considered.
India also has a large number of construction plans for urban
railway (metro etc.). Japan supported metro construction projects
in Delhi, Chennai, Kolkata, etc. through ODA (yen loan, technicalcooperation).
Rapid transit railway plansin India

Basic infrastructure development and urban development

[Myanmar] Thilawa Special Economic Zone Development(including Thilawa Port)
Newly developed a special economic zone (about 24 km2) in
Thilawa, about 20 km of south of central Yangon. A JapanMyanmar joint venture developed the zone and Japan's ODA
supported the development of peripheral infrastructure.

YangonElectric power
Transportation
Water supply
and drainage
IT

Delhi
(11 mil)
Howrah (Kolkata)(5.6 mil)Ahmedabad(5.6 mil)Pune(3.1 mil)Bangalore(8.4 mil)Mumbai(12 mil)Thilawa SEZ

Chennai(4.7 mil)Industrial development of resources etc. and development/operation ofoceanfront areas including port of shipment* Parenthesized figures represent the population asof 2011 (Source: India National Census).

[Mozambique] Nacala Corridor Development


In Nacala Corridor, development of distribution infrastructure is under way to support
coal development and agricultural development in inland areas. Japan is supporting thefunctional strengthening of container terminals including Nacala Port, which is theentrance of Nacala Corridor, with yen loan, grant aid, and technical cooperation.
Japanese companies have determined to invest and participate in the development /operation projects for Nacala Railroad and Coal Terminal, which are under developmentby railroad and port operating companies.

Nacala Port37

Japan Overseas Infrastructure Investment Corporation for Transport & Urban Development(JOIN)
Japan Overseas Infrastructure Investment Corporation for Transport & Urban Development (JOIN) invests in andprovides hands-on support to local entities that undertake projects for overseas transport infrastructure and urban
development together with Japanese entities, utilizing the knowledge, technologies, and experiences accumulated inJapan. (Founded on Oct. 20, 2014)
Japan Overseas Infrastructure Investment Corporation for Transport & Urban Development: abbreviated to JOIN

《Background of foundation》
◯
◯
◯

◯

The world, including newly emerging countries, has huge demand forinfrastructure projects.
A type of project that utilizes private sectors is increasing, expecting
their funds and know-how.
It is difficult for private sectors to enter into transport / urban
development projects by themselves due to the characteristics including
time-consuming development, demand risk in the operation stage, andinfluence of the local government.
Included infrastructure system export strategy etc. in the governmental
policy.

[Government policy]• Infrastructure system export strategy (decided by the Ministerial Meeting on Strategy
relating Infrastructure Export and Economic Cooperation on May 17, 2013)• Prime Minister Abe's speech on infrastructure system (Jan. 24, 2014)• High quality infrastructure partnership (May 21, 2015)• Follow-up measures for high quality infrastructure partnership (Nov. 21, 2015)• Initiative to expand the export of high-quality infrastructure (May 23, 2016)《Main operations》◯

Investment (joint investment with private sectors)◯ Hands-on support (dispatch of officers and engineers,etc.)◯ Negotiation with the target country《Support projects》◯ Transportation projects
・ Passenger / cargo transport projects by railroad / vessel / airplane
・ Maintenance and management of railroads, roads, ports, and airport facilities, etc.

◯ Urban development projects
・ Construction of buildings including housing, hotels, and offices.
・ Operation and maintenance of parks and sewerage, etc.

◯ Projects that support the above-mentioned projects• "Japan Restoration Strategy" revised in 2016 (June 2, 201, Cabinet Decision)《Effects of support》◯◯◯

Take in growth in the world market by entry into overseas markets.
Expand the opportunity for related industries to obtain orders byparticipation in project operation.
Improve the overseas business environment of Japanese enterprises
by infrastructure improvement.

Contribute to the sustainable growth of Japanese economy.

Reference: Projects that decided to receive support from Japan(i) Vietnam Thivai Port Terminal Development / Operation Project (approved by the Minister on Oct. 2015), (ii) USA Texas Rapid Transit
Railway Project (approved by the Minister on Nov. 2015), (iii) Brazil Urban Railway Development / Operation Project (approved by the
Minister on Dec. 2015), (iv) Myanmar Complex City Development Project (approved by the Minister on July 2016)

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<JOIN's Urban Development Project> Myanmar Yangon Landmark Project• A project for constructing and operating complex facilities including offices as the landmark of Yangon near Yangon Central
Station, which is the center of business and commerce, with the investment by Japan Group, consisting of Mitsubishi Corp. *1,
Mitsubishi Estate *2, and JOIN, and Myanmar SPA Group *3.
• Investment and financing from international financial institutions --- ADB (Asian Development Bank) and IFC (International
Finance Corporation) -- are also planned.
• The first project of JOIN in the urban development field.
*1 Mitsubishi Corp.: A general trading firm developing multilateral operations in broad industrial fields with the corporate framework consistingof 7 groups (Global Environment & Infrastructure Business, Industrial Finance, Logistics, & Development, Energy Business, Metals,
Machinery, Chemicals, and Living Essentials) and Business Service Group.
*2 Mitsubishi Estate: General real estate developer undertaking a lot of projects, including town planning in Marunouchi, Tokyo, anddevelopment / operation projects for office buildings, commercial facilities, housing, hotels, etc. and actively entering into overseas
markets as well.
*3 SPA Group: Serge Pun & Associates Ltd. A major enterprise group developing the business mainly in Myanmar centering on development
projects, as well as the businesses of finance, automobiles, healthcare, tourism, etc.

Image ofcompletion

空港
15km

Plannedsite

Yangon Central
StationAung San
Market4km

Sakura Tower

Shangri-La Hotel

2km

Mitsubishi
Corp.
Investment

Mitsubishi
EstateInvestment

SPA Group

Investment

Investment

Investment

Investment

Local project entity* From the left, office building, office building, hotel / service / apartment building, condominium building* The low-rise building in front is a hotel development project to renovate the existing building, which is different from this project.

Project Scheme Figure

Finan
cing

39

Taking today's opportunity, I sincerely hopefor realization of the promotion of urban
development here in Sri Lanka in close
cooperation between the governments andbusinesses of Sri Lanka and Japan
Thank you very much for your attention.
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