COUNTRY REPORTDISASTER RISK MANAGEMENT
IN VIETNAM
Hanoi, January 2023

Disclaimer
This report was compiled by an ADRC visiting researcher (VR)from ADRC member countries.
The views expressed in the report do not necessarily reflect theviews of the ADRC. The boundaries and names shown and thedesignations used on the maps in the report also do not imply
official endorsement or acceptance by the ADRC.

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OUTLINE
BACKGROUND INFORMATIONDISASTERS IN VIETNAMOPPORTUNITIES AND CHALLENGES
KEY TASKS

3BACKGROUND INFORMATION• Vietnam is located in Southeastern Asia,bordered with China, Lao PDR andCambodia.
• Total land area of 330,210 km2 including
310,070 km2 of land and 21,140 km2 ofwater.
• Three major areas: The Red River delta tothe north; a large plateau with a narrowcoastal plain in the middle of the country;
and the Mekong Delta in the south.
• Country population: 99,381,172 (Jan 2023)
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DISASTERS IN VIETNAM• Vietnam is one of the most hazard-prone countries
in the Asia-Pacific Region. With the coastline of
3,300 km, the country is exposed to hydrometeorological hazards such as storms, floods,landslides, drought, water intrusion and coastal
erosion

3,500• Vietnam is ranked among the five countries likely to
be most affected by climate change.

,500

3,000
2,500
2,000

1,500
1,000

1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020

,0

No. of dead and missing• Vietnam experienced 22++ types of disaster
3,000• 70% of the country population live in coastal
communities with high exposure to storms andflooding, which climate change is intensifying

2,500
2,000

1,500
1,000,500,01990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020

• Over the past 20 years, disasters caused 500 deadand missing persons per year, and an economic
loss to the GDP is about 1÷1.5%

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Economic losses (million USD)DISASTERS IN VIETNAM
Typhoons, tropical low pressures, floods, flash floods, landslides, droughts, saline intrusion are
typical natural disasters in Vietnam, causing enormous losses to life and property.
Damages by types of disasters
Deaths and missing

Disaster related damage costs

OthersFlashflood,landslide

Typhoon35.4%Flood

NOTE:Droughts during 2015-2016 caused big economic losses to the Central
Highlands and Mekong Delta. Damages are estimated at 38% of total disaster
related damages during the period.
- 3-

DISASTERS IN 2022
• 7 storms and 2 tropical depressions• 275 heavy rains and whirlwind
Disaster events: • 282 earthquakes
As of November• 301 flooding, flash floods, and landslides
in 2022

Damages andlosses• 300 people dead, missing, injured• 1,242 houses collapsed, and 19,818 houses damaged or had theirroofs destroyed.
• 314,794 ha of rice crops and 79,186 ha of other crops flooded anddamaged• 24,689 cattle and 868,017 poultry died and washed away;• 335 boats sunk or damaged;• 17,561 ha of aquaculture area and 9,007 aquaculture cages damaged

Total
estimatedeconomicloss isover
19,453billion
VND(equivalent to 845
million
USD

Source: Standing Office of the National Steering Committee for Natural
7
Disaster Prevention and Control,

KEY DISASTER EVENTSOctober 2021
Flood and Tropical Depression• Quang Binh province• ~ 1,903 were evacuated• ~ 1,300 houses were damaged• Quang Ngai and Quang Nam• 01 person died
• 7,000 people were evacuated• 16,400 houses were flooded

October to November 2020 –Central Vietnam Floods
•
••
•
•
•
•

357 people died and missing
severely affecting 1.5 million people
500,000 houses damaged
144,000 ha of rice paddies destroyed
787 km of dykes and canals damaged
272 km of coastline eroded
Total economic damage worth US$1,443,850

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KEY DISASTER EVENTS
August 2020Floods and Landslides• 13 provinces and cities innorthern Vietnam impacted• 08 deaths and missing• 1,000 damaged houses• 2,000 hectares of rice andcrop destroyed

November 2017 –Typhoon Damrey• Central of Vietnam affected• 4.3 million people affected• 107 people dead• 3,400 houses destroyed• 141,100 houses damaged• 5,296 ha paddy fields
damaged• 15,000 ha of vegetables andfruits damaged

2015 – 2017 Drought• Worst drought in Vietnam since
1990s. 52/63 provinces affected• 2 million people including
520,000 children and 1 million
women, were in need ofhumanitarian assistance9

INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENTS FOR DRM• The Sendai
Framework for Disaster Risk
Reduction 2015-2030• The ASEAN Agreement on
Disaster Management andEmergency Response• APEC Emergency
Preparedness Working Group

Global LegalBasis• The Law on Disaster
Prevention and Control
2020• Under law documents• National Strategy for DRM
to 2030 vision to 2050
• National Program on
Community AwarenessRaising and CBDRM

Legal Basisfor DRM inVietnam
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LEGAL BASIS FOR DRM IN VIETNAM
Legislative document system is developed synchronously as the basis of the implementation of thenatural disaster prevention and control nationwide

Law on Natural
Disaster Preventionand Control

Law on Hydro meteorology

Law on Water
Resources

Law on Irrigation

Law on Dyke

DISASTER MAPPING AND ZONING

Flood disaster map in the period of 2016 to 2035

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OPPORTUNITIES

14CHALLENGES

15

KEY TASKS ON
DISASTER RISK MANAGEMENT IN VIETNAM

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RESEARCH THEME
Topic:CBDRM model in Japan: Experiences and lessons learnt on the community based disaster risk
management
Expected Results:• An overview picture of CBDRM model in Japan• The experiences and lesson learn from Japan CBDRM model• Best practices of CBDRM in Japan.

How it apply in Vietnam• Vietnamese Government approved the Decision 553 on Community Awareness Raising and Community
Based Disaster Risk Management to 2030
• The experience and lesson learnt sharing will be an inputs for Vietnam in implementing the Government
Program.
• Best practices on CBDRM will be introduced and later replicate widely in Vietnam
17Thank you very much
ADRC visiting researcher
THAI MINH HUONG
Department of Science Technology and International Cooperation
Viet Nam Disaster Management Authority