Guidelines for Manuscript Submission for the Journal "NINJAL Research Papers"
NINAL Research Papers Editorial Board
1. Publication
To promote research activities, disseminate research results, and provide training for early-career
researchers, the National Institute for Japanese Language and Linguistics (NINJAL) publishes two
issues of the journal “NINJAL Research Papers” online per fiscal year (in principle, once in July andonce in January). These journals are published by being registered with the Academic Repository of
the National Institute for Japanese Language and Linguistics (hereinafter, “Repository”).
2. Qualifications for submission
At the time of submission, satisfaction of any of the following descriptions qualifies an applicant tosubmit. However, for joint authorships, the first author must satisfy at least one of the descriptions.
(1) Research and Academic Staff at NINJAL(2) Adjunct Researcher [Should submit the manuscript after consultation with the leader of thecollaborative research project in which you are participating.](3) Postdoctoral Research Fellow [Should submit the manuscript after consultation with the leader ofthe collaborative research project in which you are participating.](4) Project Collaborator participating in a Collaborative Research Project (including a Joint Resourceuse Project) [Should submit the manuscript after consultation with the Leader (or Coordinator if
you are the research representative of the project selected via open recruitment) of the project inwhich you are participating.](5) Invited Scholar(6) Visiting Researcher [Should submit the manuscript after consultation with your Host Academic.](7) Student of the Graduate University for Advanced Studies [SOKENDAI] Japanese Language
Sciences Course (hereinafter referred to as the "Japanese Language Sciences Course") [Should
submit the manuscript after consultation with your academic advisor.](8) Emeritus Professors of NINJAL(9) Other individuals that the NINJAL Research Papers Editorial Board (hereafter, "the Editorial
Board") recognizes as qualified(Note) The eligibility of those who fall under (1) through (6) mentioned above, is valid for five years
from the end of the academic year in which you retire or finish your term of service. The eligibilityof those who fall under (7) mentioned above, is valid for five years from the end of the academic year
in which you were last enrolled in the Japanese Language Sciences Course.
3. Period for submission
The deadlines for submission of manuscripts are on the 10th day of March, June, September, andDecember every year.

14. Contents of the paper(1) Submissions are restricted to unpublished, original manuscripts only. It is prohibited to submit
manuscripts that are under submission to other journals. Manuscripts published in conference orworkshop proceedings, manuscripts in research reports funded by Grants-in-Aid for Scientific
Research, parts of unpublished master’s theses or doctoral dissertations (regardless of whether they
have been published online), and those appeared (or under permission) as preprints may besubmitted as long as there are no issues related to Article 8, “Copyright” and Article 9, "License"
and there is a footnote on the first page of the manuscript to this effect.
(2) As long as the contents of the submission are in accordance with the purposes for which NINJAL
was established, there are no restrictions on either the methods or the analysis of the theories,
descriptions, surveys, or experiments therein. However, contributors who satisfy the descriptions inparagraphs (2) through (6) of Article 2, “Qualifications for submission,” are restricted to content
related to research content or results handled during their period of employ or residence.
(3) In principle, contributors who satisfy the descriptions in paragraphs (1) through (4) and (7) of
Article 2, “Qualifications for submission” are to present at a NINJAL Salon, research presentation
for the project in which they are participating, or at an academic society or research group, andtherefore the manuscript should reflect whatever is highlighted therein.
(4) Project Collaborators who submit are restricted to research contents or research results of their
Collaborative Research Projects.
(5) Regardless of the qualifications for submission, if the content of a manuscript is the researchcontent and research results of the project in which the contributor is participating, this fact is madeclear by including a sentence indicating the name of the project and representative (Project Leader)in the Acknowledgements.
(6) Visiting Researchers who submit are restricted to research contents or research results related to theresearch topic addressed during their residence. In addition, this fact is made clear by including asentence indicating the residence period and the research subject in the Acknowledgements of themanuscript.
(7) If a student of the Japanese Language Sciences Course submits a manuscript, the content of themanuscript must be related to the research theme that he/she is pursuing while enrolled in thecourse.
(8) Interim reports and reports on data supplementing previously published papers are permitted.
5. Category of the submission
Submissions are to be of the category "Academic paper," excluding research notes and literature
reviews.
6. Format of the manuscript(1) The language of the text shall be either Japanese or English.
(2) The manuscript should be on A4 or letter size paper, typed on one side of the page only.
(3) For English text, format your document so that a page with no figures, no tables and no example

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sentences contains about 550 words. The length of the manuscript, including figures, tables,references, and abstract, shall in principle not exceed 30 pages.
(4) For Japanese text, manuscript shall be with horizontal lines, 43 kanji per line and 36 lines per page
with font at 10.5 pt. For punctuation marks, as a general rule, full-width should be used for "," and"。 ", including in quoted parts. (Vertical lines may be permitted at the discretion of the Editorial
Board: 2 columns with 30 kanji and 24 lines per column. For punctuation marks, as a general rule,full-width should be used for "、" and "。".) The length of the manuscript, including figures,tables, references, and abstract, shall in principle not exceed 30 pages.
(5) Figures, images, graphs, etc. in the manuscript will be published in black and white. However, incases where the Editorial Board has deemed it absolutely necessary, it may be possible to publish
in color. In this case, sufficient attention should be paid to the variety of colors used, and efforts
should be made to create figures that are easy to understand either in color or in black and white.
(6) The manuscript shall be organized in the order and format set out below, with consecutive page
numbers on every page.
•In the same language as the body of the text, "title of the paper (including
subtitle), author's name, affiliation, job title, abstract, keywords"•

Body of the text
Notes are to be endnotes numbered consecutively and grouped at the end of thepaper. Alternatively, the contents of notes may be listed as footnotes at the end ofeach page. Notes that serve only as citations for quotations are not to be used.

•

References•

In the language other than that used in the body of the text, "title of the paper(including subtitle), author's name, affiliation, job title, abstract, keywords"*Abstract: Include an abstract in each language, in English not exceeding
250 words, and in Japanese not exceeding 20 lines.
*Keywords: Include a list of keywords in both languages, each not exceeding
5 words.

(7) When writing in a language that is not the author’s native language, it is the responsibility of theauthor(s) to ensure that the text meets the standards of an academic paper in the language
concerned. (It is advisable to have the text checked by a native speaker if necessary.)(8) The presentation of example sentences and the form of references are to follow the guidelines in"Appendix" appended to the end of this document.
(9) Data used or explained in the manuscript may be submitted with the manuscript as relevant data.
(10) The relevant data shall, in principle, be formatted as text files, Microsoft Excel files (without
macros), or PDF files, and shall be limited to no more than three files per manuscript, with amaximum total file size of 10 MB.
(11) For the relevant data, a separate file in Japanese and English shall be attached to describe (a) titleof the data, (b) name of the data creator, and (c) the outline of relevant data (Japanese: about 100 to
150 characters, English: about 50 to 75 words). If the relevant data has appeared (or under
permission) as a preprint, add (d) and state this in the same language as the paper.

3(12) If necessary, a readme file containing explanatory notes, data descriptions, and notes for use may

be attached. The readme file shall be written in the same language as the paper.
7. Method of submission(1) The manuscript and relevant data are to be submitted to the Editorial Board either by post or by email. In principle, manuscripts and relevant data will not be returned.
(2) A manuscript sent by post shall be submitted in 3 clearly printed copies. Relevant data sent by post
shall be stored on a CD-R or other electronic media for submission. A manuscript sent by e-mailshall be submitted with the "title of the paper (including subtitle), author's name, affiliation, job
title, abstract, keywords" (both in English and in Japanese), and the "body of the text" and"references" as set out in "Section 6. Format of the manuscript, paragraph (6)," all included in asingle file, with each page numbered consecutively, saved as both a Word file and a pdf file, whichfiles are to be sent as attachments. If there is relevant data, it shall be submitted with themanuscript, and include the "outline of relevant data" (in both languages). If necessary, a readme
file can be attached.
(3) Upon submission, include a cover letter produced by filling out the form specified. Download thecover letter form from NINJAL's homepage(https://www.ninjal.ac.jp/english/info/publication/papers/call-for-papers/), sending a printout if
submitting by post, or an attached file if submitting by e-mail.
Contact for submissions and inquiries
NINJAL Research Papers Editorial Board
Inter-University Research Institute Corporation, National Institutes for the Humanities,
National Institute for Japanese Language and Linguistics
10-2 Midori-cho, Tachikawa City, Tokyo, 190-8561 JAPANMake your submission to the following e-mail address: papers-submission[at]ninjal.ac.jp
Make inquiries to the following e-mail address: papers[at]ninjal.ac.jp*Please change [at] to @.
Submissions
・ The manuscript to be submitted (both Word file and PDF file) * Three copies of the printed
Manuscript if submitting by post
・ A cover letter (Word file)
The following files can be submitted with the manuscript. * The files shall be stored on CD-R etc. if
submitting by post
・The relevant data shall, in principle, be formatted as text files, Excel files (without macros), or PDF
files, and shall be limited to no more than three files per manuscript, with a maximum total file sizeof 10 MB.
・Outline of relevant data (a file containing (a) the data name, (b) author's name, and (c) the outline

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of relevant data in both Japanese and English)※If the relevant data has appeared (or under

permission) as a preprint, add (d) and describe it accordingly.
・If necessary, a readme file (in the same language as the paper) can be attached.
8. Copyright(1) In principle, the copyright of each paper and relevant data shall belong to the author.
(2) If the copyright of the original manuscript is not held by the author(s) for reasons such as havingtransferred the copyright of the manuscript to an academic society, or if the author(s) only
authorize an academic society to exercise the rights of reproduction and public transmission of themanuscript as requested by the academic society, it is the author’s responsibility to submit themanuscript to the “NINJAL Research Papers,” and to obtain permission for (a) through (d) of thefollowing section.
(3) When submitting a manuscript, the author accepts the following point:
NINJAL shall a) reproduce the papers and relevant data and store them on the server on which theRepository is hosted; b) make the copied materials available free of charge to any number ofunspecified persons via the network; c) make copies and media conversion as necessary for use
and storage; and d) permit all third parties to freely use the abstracts (e.g., reproduction,translation, and redistribution) through collaboration between the Repository and the Japan Link
Center.
(4) The author is responsible for any copyright processing necessitated by the reprinting of
illustrations featured in other written works, and for licensing by related parties with regard to theuse or publication of data.
9. License
In principle, the paper and relevant data shall be published under a Creative Commons license. See "5.
Licenses for papers and relevant data" in the "Appendix" appended to the end of this document for
details.
10. Acceptance and rejection
The acceptance or rejection of a manuscript is decided by the Editorial Board upon peer review.
11. Proofreading
Proofreading by the author is limited to the first galley print only. Corrections shall be limited totypographical errors, and changes to content are not permitted. Furthermore, there are cases where,
after acceptance, the Editorial Board may request from the author revisions in format and style (orwhere minor changes in style may be made at the discretion of the Editorial Board).
12. Payment for manuscripts
No payments are made.

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Appendix: Details concerning formatting, the use of color in figures, charts, etc., andlicenses for papers and relevant data
1. Concerning special scripts and the transliteration of Japanese into the Roman alphabet
Special scripts involving the coinage of new characters are to be avoided except in cases where these
are absolutely indispensable. The transliteration of Japanese into the Roman alphabet shall in principle
follow the standard of a single practice (for example, Kunreisiki Romanization or Hepburn
Romanization).
2. The presentation of example sentences
Leave single line spaces between the text and the examples. Consecutive numbers in round brackets
precede examples, and examples are left-aligned to these numbers without breaks or indentation.
When repeating a particular example sentence, rather than using the original example number as
is, the numbering should be consecutive for the entire text, with the original number also noted; forexample, as "(11) (=4)". For the main body of the text, it is only necessary to note the consecutive
numbers.
For examples in a language that is different from that of the text, a word-by-word (or morphemeby-morpheme) gloss is to be provided along with a translation of the entire sentence as necessary, in
one of the methods exemplified below. Furthermore, an explanation of any abbreviations used is to beprovided separately.
(1) BaFor.him

Naashnish.
I.work'I work for him.'(2) b-a
3OBJ-BEN

Naa-sh-nish.
ADV-1SG.SUBJ-work'I work for him.'(3) Hanako

Wa

Imooto

To

Eiga

O

HanakoTOP

SisterWith

Movie ACC

Mi-ta.
See-PAST'Hanako saw a movie with her sister.'
3. Footnotes and references, sources for example sentences
Notes are to be endnotes numbered consecutively and grouped at the end of the paper. Alternatively,
the contents of notes may be listed as footnotes at the end of each page. Notes that serve only as
citations for quotations are not to be used.
References are limited to only those works which have been cited or quoted in the text or notes,
and are to be grouped at the end of the paper in the following form:a.

Items are arranged in alphabetical order according to the surname of the first author. Whenreferences contain works in different languages, references in a subsection for each language may
also be organized.

6

b. Items by the same author are arranged in order of the year of publication.
c.

Items by the same author in the same year are given subscripts: a, b, c, etc.

d. For more than one paper from the same independent volume, that volume is included as areference item, and each paper refers to that item.
e.

The full name of the author (or editor) is used, without initials, except in cases where an
established convention obtains: e.g., N. S. Trubetzkoy, R. H. Robins, etc.

f.

For titles of books and papers written in European languages, only the first letter of the title iscapitalized (with the exception of proper nouns). (However, for items that are normally capitalized
by convention, such as nouns in German, that convention is followed.)

g. For books and articles written in Japanese but cited from articles in European languages, thepractice is the same as that for works in European languages set out above. In addition, if
translations of titles are included, the format below is followed.
Ex. Yamada, Yoshio (1908) Nihon bunpoo-ron. [Japanese grammar]. Tokyo: Hoobunkan.
Ex. Kibe, Nobuko (2008) Naiteki henka ni yoru hoogen no tanjoo. [The birth of a newvariety caused by internal change]. In: Takashi Kobayashi (ed.) Hoogen no keisei[Dialect formation], 43–81. Tokyo: Iwanami Shoten.
h. For each item, the name of the author (or editor), year of publication, title, page numbers(including punctuation) are written according to the following specifications.
If applicable, sources for example sentences should appear at the end of the paper, in accordancewith the format for references, as "Place of publication: Publisher".
[Journal papers] Name of first author | Names of other authors (year of publication) "title of paper" |"title of journal" volume number: page numbers. (If the page numbers are consecutive across issuesof a volume, there is no need to include an issue number: The volume number alone is sufficient. If
the page numbers are reset at each issue, both volume number and issue number are included.)
Ex. Postal, Paul (1970) On the surface verb "remind". Linguistic Inquiry 1: 37‒120.
Ex. Kay, Paul and Chad K. McDaniel (1978) The linguistic significance of basic color terms.
Language 54: 610‒646.
[Papers that have been collected under one title, such as in proceedings, chapters in edited books,etc.] Name of first author | Names of other authors (year of publication) "title of paper" name(s) ofeditor(s) (ed(s).) title of collection page numbers. Place of publication: Publisher.
Ex. Kiparsky, Paul (1968) Linguistic universals and linguistic change. In: Emmon Bach andRobert T. Harms (eds.) Universals in linguistic theory, 171–202. New York: Holt,
Rinehart and Winston.
[Independent books] Name of first author | Names of other authors (year of publication) title of book.

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edition (if appropriate) series title and volume number (if appropriate) page numbers. Place of
publication: Publisher.
Ex. Haegeman, Liliane (1994) Introduction to government and binding theory. Second edition.
Oxford: Basil Blackwell.
Ex. Jakobson, Roman, Gunnar Fant and Morris Halle (1963) Preliminaries to speech
analysis: The distinctive features and their correlates. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
[Dissertations] Name of author (year of submission) "title of dissertation" | Category of paper bydegree, name of institution granting degree.
Ex. Sag, Ivan (1976) Deletion and logical form. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, MIT.
[Online materials] Title of materials, name of website url (date accessed)(Where necessary, the date of publication or update of the website may be included.)
Ex. Répertoire International des Sources Musicales Collection (RISM Collection).
http://www.rism.info/ (accessed December 2013).
Ex. Frellesvig, Bjarke, Stephen Wright Horn, Kerri L. Russell, and Peter Sells. The Oxford
Corpus of Old Japanese. http://vsarpj.orinst.ox.ac.uk/corpus/ojcorpus.html (accessed
December 2013).
Ex. National Institute for Japanese Language and Linguistics. The Balanced Corpus ofContemporary Written Japanese. https://clrd.ninjal.ac.jp/bccwj/ (accessed May 2022).
An example arranged in alphabetical order is presented below:
References
Bloomfield, Leonard (1933) Language. New York: Holt.
Haegeman, Liliane (1994) Introduction to government and binding theory. Second edition. Oxford: BasilBlackwell.
Jakobson, Roman, Gunnar Fant and Morris Halle (1963) Preliminaries to speech analysis: The distinctive
features and their correlates. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
Kiparsky, Paul (1968) Linguistic universals and linguistic change. In: Emmon Bach and Robert T. Harms(eds.) Universals in linguistic theory, 171–202. New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston.
Lakoff, George (1986a) Women, fire and dangerous things: What categories reveal about the mind.
Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Lakoff, George (1986b) Cognitive semantics. Berkeley Cognitive Science Report 36.
Lakoff, George and Mark Johnson (1980) Metaphors we live by. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Paul (1970) On the surface verb "remind". Linguistic Inquiry 1: 37‒120.
Sag, Ivan (1976) Deletion and logical form. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, MIT.
Trubetzkoy, N.S. (1971) Grundzüge der Phonologie. 5. Auflage. Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht.

8•Citation of references in the running text and in notes is carried out following the guide below. Whennecessary it is permitted to use the author's full name.
Ex. Sapir (1925) notes that...
Ex. Bloomfield (1933: 347) remarks as follows: "The assumption that the simplest
classification of observed facts is the true one, is common to all sciences . . . "Ex. In Optimality Theory (Prince and Smolensky 1993, Kager 1999), ...
Ex. ... as often mentioned in the literature (Chomsky 1980, 1990, Bresnan 1990, 1991, Hale
1996).

4. The use of color in figures, charts, etc.
Figures, images, and graphs should be created in shades of black and white. Each area of pie charts,
bar graphs, etc. should be distinguished such that the difference in brightness is clear. The use ofpatterns is also recommended. Color may be used in cases where the Editorial Board has deemed it
absolutely necessary. In such cases, attention should be paid to the following:a. Try printing in black and white (that is, with no color distinctions), and confirm that it is easy toidentify differences only by the contrast in shades.
b. As much as possible, avoid using color combinations that may be difficult to distinguish, such as
red and green, yellow and yellow-green, and blue and purple.
c. Use a combination of other identifying information besides color (typeface, line shape, symbols,etc.).
d. When referring to color names, combine this with other information. For example, instead of "... isindicated by a green line", use "... is indicated by a green dotted line".
5. Licenses for papers and relevant data
In principle, the author shall designate one of the Creative Commons licenses below. If the paper or
relevant data includes work by a third party, the third party's consent to the license must be obtained
before submission, except in the case of quotations. If the submitted paper or relevant data has
appeared (or under submission) as a preprint, the license should be consistent with those licenses asmuch as possible.
LicenseCC BY

Original creator
attribution
Required
Required

CC BY-SACC BY-ND
CC BY-NC

Required
Required
Required

CC BY-NC-SACC BY-NC-ND

Required

Adaptations

Redistribution

Commercial use

AllowedAllowed (but adaptations
must be shared under thesame terms)
Not allowed
AllowedAllowed (but adaptations
must be shared under thesame terms)
Not allowed

AllowedAllowedAllowedAllowedAllowedAllowedAllowedAllowedNot allowed
Not allowed

AllowedNot allowed

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