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Symposium

7 Dec., 10:00 - 17:00, 8 Dec., 10:30 - 16: 0, 9 Dec., 10:30 - 16:50
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Institute of Nature and Environmental Technology,
Kanazawa University
Copyright © Ishikawa Prefectural Tourism League

Forward
The Institute of Nature and Environmental Technology (INET)
at Kanazawa University was selected as one of Joint Usage/ ResearchCenters in Japan from April 2016 to March 2022. The name of thecenter is “Center of International Study on Environmental Change
Caused by Transboundary Pollutants”. Our institute has studied thelong-term and short-term environmental changes and their effects on
ecosystem and human health in East Asia, especially the Pan-Japan Sea
region over the last 30 years. The INET has been continuing themonitoring research in the Pan-Japan Sea region including Noto
Peninsula. The INET also has been investigating the migration behavior of pollutants andeffects of them on human health and ecosystem based on integrated environmental studies.
Nowadays we face to serious problems by the COVID-19 pandemic and the Ukrainian invasion.
However, the response data for decreasing economic and industrial activities in East Asia wasobserved for atmospheric aerosol and surface seawater after the 2020 winter season. These
results are determined under the international and national collaborative studies on the basisof research networks organized by the Joint Usage/ Research Centers activities. The INET
started the second phase of the Joint Usage/ Research Centers in Japan from April 2022. The
project consists of four parts as follows: 1) transect research from north to south foratmosphere and ocean researches, 2) integrated environmental studies for transport and risk
assessment of toxic substances to ecosystem and human health, 3) development of young
researcher resources with advanced research knowledge, international sensibility, andscientific communication skill, and 4) promotion of international hub for transboundary
pollution research. This international symposium is the first symposium of the second phaseof Joint Usage/ Research Centers of the INET. We focus on the integrated environmental
studies and their impacts on the present social and natural environments to consider the
future research direction of the INET and its collaborative studies. I would like to express mythanks to Kanazawa University and the Japanese Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports,
Science and Technology.

Seiya Nagao
Director of the Institute of Nature and Environmental Technology

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Program

DAY1 : 7 December, 2022
10:00-10:10
Opening remarks by Prof. Takashi Wada, President of Kanazawa University,
Japan

Session 1 : Atmospheric Environment
Chair: Atsushi Matsuki
Pretreatment method with ionic liquid-composite materials for PAHs in
10:15-10:35
environmental samples by Ying Li (Henan Institute of Science and Technology, China),
X-N Li, H. Zhang and N. Tang
10:35-10:55
Missing emissions from Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia: findings using FRIEND
observations and an atmospheric chemical transport model by Hyung-Min Lee(Ewha Womans University, South Korea), Eunlak Choi, Yong Pyo Kim, Tseren-Ochir
Soyol-Erdene, Barhasragchaa Baldorj, Amgalan Natsagdorj, Zhijun Wu, Mijung Song,
Changhyuk Kim, Kyoung-Soon Jang, Kwangyul Lee, Junyoung Ahn, Hye-Jung Shin,
Atsushi Matsuki, Ning Tang, Yasuhiro Sadanaga, Shungo Kato, Jung-Hun Woo, Chang
Hoon Jung and Ji Yi Lee
10:55-11:15
Observe unknown OH-reactants and HO2/RO2 uptake by ambient aerosols ina field study as ozone production potential factors by Jiaru Li (Kyoto University,
Japan), N. Kohno, Y. Sakamoto, H. G. Pham, K. Murano, K. Sato, T. Nakayama and Y.
Kajii
11:15-11:35
Preliminary study of low-cost air quality sensor deployment on thetelecommunication tower by Indra Chandra (Telkom University, Indonesia), L. M.
Rachmawati, A. S. Adiwidya, C. D. Sundari, A. Ramadhan and Y. Inomata
11:35-11:55
Decreased trend of PM2.5 and BC observed at central and western Japaneseislands and its association with interannual changes in transboundary transport
pattern by Yayoi Inomata (Kanazawa University, Japan), A. Matsuki, M. Kajino, Y.
Chigira, H. Kaneyasu and T. Seto

11:55-12:00

Group Photo Session

DAY1 : 7 December, 2022

Session 2: Terrestrial Environment
Chair: Usio Nisikawa
14:00-14:20
Anthropogenic disturbance of geological cycle and environmental
contamination of arsenic by Harue Masuda (Osaka Metropolitan University, Japan)
14:20-14:40
Microbial mediated reaction of dimethylarsinic acid in wetland water andsediments by So-Jeong Kim (Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources,
Republic of Korea), Ji-Hyun Park, In-Hyun Nam, Jungho Ryu, Gi-young Jung, YoungSoo Han
14:40-15:00
Population model analyses of the combined effects of insecticide use andhabitat degradation on the past sharp declines of the dragonfly Sympetrum frequens
by Takehiko I. Hayashi (National Institute for Environmental Studies, Japan), Kosuke
Nakanishi and Hiroyuki Yokomizo
15:00-15:20
Monitoring the effects of pollutant exposure leading to diseases: oxidative
stress and other health effects biomarkers determination by María-Pilar MartínezMoral (Biomedical Research Center of La Rioja / University of La Rioja, Spain) andKurunthachalam Kannan
15:20-15:40
Seasonal variability and health risk assessment of atmospheric polycyclicaromatic hydrocarbons and their derivatives in Kanazawa, Japan by Masato Honda(Kanazawa University, Japan), Kazuichi Hayakawa, Lulu Zhang, Ning Tang and
Hiroyuki Nakamura

K-INET Special Webinar I
Chair: Noriko Hasebe
16:00-17:00
Aerosols the Arctic: The end of an era of anthropogenic pollution and theemergence of a natural regime? by Julia Schmale (École polytechnique fédérale deLausanne, Switzerland)DAY2 : 8 December, 2022

K-INET Special Webinar II
Chair: Sakiko Ishino
10:30-11:30
Mobility and solubility of trace oxyanions in natural water: Field evidence ofconservative behaviors of uranium and molybdenum in high pH solution by Keisuke
Fukushi (Kanazawa University, Japan)

11:30-11:35

Group Photo Session

Session 3: Poster Presentation
Chair: Yoichiro Kitani
13:00-13:50

Flash talks

13:50-14:00

Group Photo Session

14:00-16:00

Breakout Room

DAY3 : 9 December, 2022

K-INET Special Webinar III
Chair: Nobuo Suzuki
10:30-11:30
Assessment of Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals and Basic Biology by Taisen
Iguchi (Yokohama City University / Kanazawa University, Japan)

Session 4: Marine Environment(Environmental Science and Aquaculture)
Chair: Toshio Sekiguchi
Marine crustaceans as model species of marine pollution research by Kenji
13:00-13:20
Toyota (Kanazawa University, Japan)
13:20-13:40
CULTURED OF SAND GOBY, Oxyeleotris marmoratus LARVAE IN CAGE WITH
DIFFERENT FOOD by Thumronk Amornsakun (Prince of Songkla University /Songkhla Inland Fisheries Development and Research Center, Thailand), Wasan
Sriwatana and Nobuo Suzuki
A novel ND1 mitochondrial DNA mutation is maternally inherited in growth
13:40-14:00
hormone transgenesis in amago salmon (Oncorhynchus masou ishikawae) by
Tsukasa Mori (Nihon University, Japan), Tomohiko Sato, Naoko Goto‑Inoue, Ryuhei
Minei and Atsushi Ogura
14:00-14:20
Is Bandon Bay still supported the natural reproduction of oysters? The
assessments of the annual reproductive cycle of farmed Crassostrea belcheri in
Bandon Bay, Surat Thani Province, Thailand by Jareeporn Ruangsri (Prince ofSongkla University, Thailand), P. Pongtippatee, J. Duangmorakot and Y. Kitani
14:20-14:40
Activity regulation mechanism of the grouper immune enzyme L-amino acidoxidase by Yoichiro Kitani (Kanazawa University, Japan)

14:40-14:45

Group Photo Session

DAY3 : 9 December, 2022

Session 5: Integrated Environment
Chair: Tetsuya Matsunaka
15:00-15:20
The impact of global warming on water and nutrient transport from land tothe coastal ocean by Jing Zhang (University of Toyama, Janan)
15:20-15:40
Water circulation in the Southern Ocean: Implications of 226Ra and 228Ra
distributions by Mutsuo Inoue (Kanazawa University, Japan), H. Mitsunushi, K.
Mashita, S. Hanaki, H. Kameyama, T. Matsunaka, Y. Kumamoto, Y. Inomata, M.
Hayashi and S. Nagao
15:40-16:00
Oceanic dispersion simulation of radionuclides derived from the Fukushima
Daiichi Nuclear Power Station by Daisuke Tsumune (Central Research Institute ofElectric Power Industry, Japan) , T. Tsubono and Kazuhiro Misumi
16:00-16:20
Ecological roles of airborne transportation of microorganisms in Antarctica
by Stephen D.J. Archer (Auckland University of Technology, New Zealand), Kevin C.
Lee, Tancredi Caruso, Teruya Maki, Charles K. Lee, Don A. Cowan, Fernando T.
Maestre and Stephen B. Pointing
The Arctic and subpolar North Atlantic circulation: new perspectives from 129I
16:20-16:40
and 236U by Nuria Casacuberta Arola (Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich,
Switzerland), A.-M. Wefing, M. Christl and J. N. Smith

16:40-16:50
Closing remarks by Prof. Seiya Nagao, Director of Institute of Nature andEnvironmental Technology, Kanazawa University, Japan

Poster Session
P-01.

Study on osmoregulatory function in larvae of red-clawed crab by Ryoya Kawamura(Kanazawa University), Miyuki Mekuchi, Kenji Toyota, Shouzo Ogiso, Yukina Watabe,
Arata Nagami, Yusuke Maruyama, Atsuhiko Hattori, Seiji Yanai, Jun Hirayama, Hajime
Matsubara and Nobuo Suzuki

P-02.

Vibrio sp. strain MA3 involves for the mass mortality of the summer in the pearl oyster,
Pinctada fucata by Hatano Kaito (Kanazawa University), Sakatoku Akihiro,
Tanaka Daisuke, Tanaka Shoki, Isshiki Tadashi and Suzuki Nobuo

P-03.

Calcitonin I and II possible involvement of calcium metabolism in the female
reproductive physiology of goldfish (Carassius auratus) by Kohei Kuroda (Kanazawa
University), Kaito Hatano, Ryoya Kawamura, Ayaka Fukushima, Yuichi Sasayama,
Yoshiaki Tabuchi, Yukihiro Furusawa, Mika Ikegame, Atsuhiko Hattori, Jun Hirayama,
Hajime Matsubara, Umi Kawago, Toshio Sekiguchi, Ajai K. Srivastav and Nobuo Suzuki

P-04. Gonadal sexual plasticity in tiger puffer Takifugu rubripes by Masahiro Nakade(Kanazawa University), Muhammad Ahya Rafiuddin, Hiroshi Kobayashi, Shoichi
Kobayshi, Kazuhiro Sakai, Keisuke Inada, Atsushi Shigematsu, Arata Nagami, Shozo
Ogiso, Kenji Toyota, Yoshiaki Tabuchi, Yukihiro Furusawa, Jun Hirayama, Tatsuro
Harumi, Nobuo Suzuki and Hajime Matsubara
P-05.

Reproductive behavior of mature tiger puffer Takifugu rubripes in Noto, Japan by
Shoichi Kobayshi (Kanazawa University), Muhammad Ahya Rafiuddin, Masahiro
Nakade, Hiroshi Kobayashi, Kazuhiro Sakai, Keisuke Inada, Atsushi Shigematsu, Arata
Nagami, Shozo Ogiso, Kenji Toyota, Yoshiaki Tabuchi, Yukihiro Furusawa, Jun
Hirayama, Nobuo Suzuki and Hajime Matsubara

P-06.

Effect of environmental factors on the embryonic development of the rosy seabass
Doederleinia berycoides by Muhammad Ahya Rafiuddin (Kanazawa University),
Kazuhiro Sakai, Shoichi Kobayshi, Atsushi Shigematsu, Masahiro Nakade, Keisuke
Inada, Hiroshi Kobayashi, Arata Nagami, Shozo Ogiso, Kenji Toyota, Yoshiaki Tabuchi,
Yukihiro Furusawa, Jun Hirayama, Nobuo Suzuki and Hajime Matsubara

P-07.

Physiological and ecological study of infaunal marine invertebrates living in the coastof Noto Peninsula by Shouzo Ogiso (Kanazawa University), Kazuki Watanabe, Hiroshi
Miyake, Yusuke Maruyama, Jun Hirayama, Atsuhiko Hattori, Yukina Watabe andNobuo Suzuki

P-08.

Material transport from land to deep ocean via the Toyama Deep-sea Channel using
heavy metals and Carbon-Nitrogen isotopic ratios by Shinpei Otsuka (University of
Toyama), Jing Zhang, Keiji Horikawa, Tomoharu Senjyu, Kenichi Yasue, Sota Hoshina
and Itaru Aizawa

P-09.

Seasonal characteristics of organic compounds in PM2.5 at Noto site in Northeast Asia
by Minami Kondo (Ewha Womans University), Zihui Teng, Ayoon Sim, KiAe Kim,
Atsushi Matsuki and JiYi Lee

P-10.

Characteristics and influencing factors of residential polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
in Kanazawa, Japan by Xuan Zhang (Kanazawa University), Hao Zhang, Yan Wang,
Pengchu Bai, Lulu Zhang, Masato Honda, Yongjie Wei and Ning Tang

P-11.

Long-term effects of implementing air pollution control policies in Shenyang on theatmospheric polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and Nitro-PAHs by Hao Zhang(Kanazawa University), Xuan Zhang, Yan Wang, Pengchu Bai, Lulu zhang, Ming
Hu, Chong Han, Qimin Wang, Zhuolun Sun, Yunping Cai, Lijiang Chen, Seiya Nagao andNing Tang

P-12.

Distribution, sources, and potential health risks of PM2.5-bound airborne polycyclicaromatic hydrocarbons and nitro-polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in Singapore by
Yan Wang (Kanazawa University), Hao Zhang, Xuan Zhang, Pengchu Bai, Lulu Zhang,
Sim Joo Huang, Stephen Brian Pointing, Seiya Nagao, Bin Chen, Akira Toriba and Ning
Tang

P-13. Long-term observation of aerosol chemical components at a Japanese background site,
Wajima: Impact of the energy system transformation in China by Pengchu Bai(Kanazawa University), Hao Zhang, Xuan Zhang, Yan Wang, Lulu Zhang, Seiya Nagao
and Ning Tang

P-15.

A Study on the Change of air pollutants by emission Sector according to the Carbon
Neutralization Policy of Northeast Asian Countries I: South Korea, Japan, and Russia bylIyeo Park (Ewha Womans University) and Hyung-Min Lee

P-16.

A Study on the Change of air pollutants by emission Sector according to the Carbon
Neutralization Policy of Northeast Asian Countries II: China, Mongolia, and North
Korea by Bomin Sohn (Ewha Womans University) and Hyung-Min Lee

P-17.

Basement rock thermochronology and sedimentary basin analyses ppoossin the
Mongolia Gobi Altai Mountains by Shi Zhe (Kanazawa University), Noriko Hasebe,
Uyangaa Udaanjargal, Shuukhaaz Ganbat and Davaadorj Davaasuren

P-18.

Sources and fate of cationic surfactants in the environment by Yao Dingwen(Kanazawa University) and Seiya Hanamoto

P-19.

The petrological evolution of island arc structure: Amphibole-rich Ultramafic Rockfrom the Nishidohira Formation of the Abukuma belt by Akira Wakazono (Kanazawa
University), Tomoaki Morishita, Akihiro Tamura and Keita Itano

P-20.

Smart building management system by Chen Long (Kanazawa University) andZhenjiang Shen

P-21.

Molecular functional analysis of a pollutant sensor, aryl hydrocarbon receptor in amarine animal, Ciona intestinalis type A by Takayoshi Sakai (Kanazawa University),
Takashi Yazawa, Togo Ikuta, Satoshi Nakayama, Nobuo Suzuki, Kazuichi Hayakawa,
Michio Ogasawara, Shuichi Wada and Toshio Sekiguchi

P-22.

Taxonomy of fossil gastropods from an Early Cretaceous hydrocarbon seep: Focus on
Provannidae (Gastropoda: Abyssochrysoidea) by Haruka Fukaki (Kanazawa
University), Robert Jenkins and Kenji Kashiwagi

P-23.

Fabrication of fixed Z-scheme Ag|AgBr/Ag/TiO2 nanocomposite film photocatalytic
system for malachite green degradation with simultaneous hydrogen production by
Jize Liu (Liaoning University), Hongfeng Yao, Yuqing Jia and Zhaohong Zhang

P-24.

Construction of dual Z-scheme composite photocatalyst and its application inphotocatalytic degradation of antibiotics by Hongfeng Yao (Liaoning University), Jize
Liu, Honglu Zhang and Zhaohong Zhang

P-25.

Aircraft observation of Ice Nucleating Particles over low latitude of the United Statesby Masayuki Toda (Kanazawa University), Ayumi Iwata, Narihiro Orikasa, Masataka
Murakami and Atsushi Matsuki

P-26.

Size-resolved seasonal variation of sea spray aerosol in the Noto Peninsula by Ayano
Matsumoto (Kanazawa University), Daisi Onizuka , Masami Furuuchi, Mitsuhiko Hata,
Yayoi Inomata, Naoto Sasaki, Koichi Watanabe and Atsushi Matsuki

P-27.

Fabrication of a novel S-scheme CuS/BaWO4 heterojunction and its sonocatalytic
degradation of bisphenol A in aqueous environment by Yang-Cheng Liu (Liaoning
University), Xuan Liu, Gui-Hong Zhang, Wei Liu, Jia-Qi Wang, Xin Wang, Chang-Lan
Chen, Yang Wang and Zheng Xiang

P-28.

Temporal and lateral variations of 7Be depositions in Hokuriku, Japan by Keisuke
Yoshida (Kanazawa University), Shingo Kato, Kengo Uchida, Masahiro Yamashita,
Shinichi Okuyama and Mutsuo InoueAbstracts

Session 1
Atmospheric Environment

Pretreatment method with ionic liquid-composite materials
for PAHs in environmental samples
Y. Li1, X-N Li1, H. Zhang2, N. Tang3
1

School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang
453003, China
2

Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192,
Japan

3

Institute of Nature and Environmental Technology, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa
920-1192, Japan
Email: hnliy0412@126.com

As one of the major problems affecting human health, air pollution, such as that related to particulatematter (PM), has received increasing attention. Prolonged exposure to PM has been linked to a risk ofboth acute and chronic effects. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and their nitro-derivatives(NPAHs) are some of the most harmful components in PM and are mainly formed via the incomplete
combustion fossil fuels and biomass. Both PAHs and NPAHs are harmful, persistent organic pollutants
diffusely disseminated in the environmental samples. However, because of their extremely low
concentration in environment and the complexity of matrix, high efficiency sample pretreatment methods
are needed before analysis [1].
Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) samples were collected in the summer and winter of 2015 and 2017 in
Xinxiang, China. Nine PAHs and three NPAHs in PM2.5 were detected via high-performance liquid
chromatography (HPLC). The results of this study demonstrate that the decreases in PAHs and NPAHs
concentrations from 2015 to 2017. Combined with reducing gaseous pollutants concentration, thereduction in this study might be attributable to emissions reductions by implementing the air pollution
control regulations in Xinxiang city in 2016.
Ionic liquids, which can be tuned by choosing of the cations and anions independently, exhibited
unique physicochemical properties, such as tunable miscibility with water and organic solvents, and havepotential applications as electrolyte materials, green solvents, catalysts, and separation mediums.
Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) have potential application for material science and biomedicine becauseof their unique superparamagnetism and large surface area. Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are akind of ordered porous crystalline material with large specific surface area, high porosity, good chemical
stability and large conjugated structure, which were widely used in the fields of adsorption, catalysis,electrochemistry and gas separation. The composite materials based on ionic liquids, were proposed for
effective and selective pretreatment of PAHs in environmental water samples.

[1]
environmental samples,29(7):706-717.

Quality problems in determination of organic compounds inMissing emissions from Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia: findings
using FRIEND observations and an atmospheric chemicaltransport model
Hyung-Min Lee1, Eunlak Choi1, Yong Pyo Kim2, Tseren-Ochir Soyol-Erdene3,
Barhasragchaa Baldorj4, Amgalan Natsagdorj5, Zhijun Wu6, Mijung Song7,8, Changhyuk
Kim9, Kyoung-Soon Jang10, Kwangyul Lee11, Junyoung Ahn11, Hye-Jung Shin11,
Atsushi Matsuki12, Ning Tang12, Yasuhiro Sadanaga13, Shungo Kato14, Jung-Hun Woo15,
Chang Hoon Jung16, and Ji Yi Lee1,*1Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea
Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South
Korea
3
Department of Environmental and Forest Engineering, National University of Mongolia, Ulaanbaatar,
Mongolia
4
National Agency of Meteorology and Environmental Monitoring, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
5
Department of Chemistry, National University of Mongolia, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
6
College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China
7
Department of Environment and Energy, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
8
Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of
Korea
9
School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
10
Biomedical Omics Group, Korea Basic Science Institute, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
11
Air Quality Research Division, National Institute of Environmental Research, Incheon, South Korea
12
Institute of Nature and Environmental Technology, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
13
Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan
14
Faculty of Urban Environmental Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Tokyo, Japan
15
Department of Advanced Technology Fusion, Konkuk University, Seoul, South Korea
16
Department of Health Management, Kyungin Women's University, Incheon, South Korea
Email: yijiyi@ewha.ac.kr
2Description of the measurement site
Ulaanbaatar (UB) is known to its world’s worst level of particulate matter (PM) concentrations during
winter due to the combination of favorable weather and anthropogenic emissions. However, there are noemission inventories established at national level or modeling studies to diagnose causes and effects of thehigh PM in UB. Ground observations made from the first term of Fine Particle Research Initiative in East
Asia considering National Differences (FRIEND) project during 2020-21 winter at five sites in Northeast
Asia showed several times higher concentrations of PM components in UB compared to other sites. But
such high concentrations are not reproduced with a state-of-the-science 3D chemical transport model,
GEOS-Chem, mainly due to the low bias in the latest global emission inventory, CEDS.

Estimation of anthropogenic emissions
we estimate anthropogenic emission rates of CO, NO, SO2, NH3, OC, and EC using the groundobservation of CO, NOx, SO2, OC, EC, SO42-, NO3-, and NH4+ from the FRIEND project. The estimates arecompared with the latest regional inventories over Asia (KORUSv5 and REASv3.2). Then the impact of
the estimated emissions of UB on other sites for the whole period, and high pollution episodes identified
from previous study are investigated. It has been found that reproducing observations using GEOS-Chem
requires increasing emissions rates of current CEDS inventory from at least 5.2 times (SO2) to up to 74
times (CO) in UB. And the adjusted emissions can effectively increase OC, NO3-, and NH4+ concentrationsin Beijing among other sites when the Gobi dust affects to downwind regions.
[1] B. Batsuuri et al., Estimating the Impact of Urban Planning Concepts on Reducing the Urban Sprawl of
Ulaanbaatar City Using Certain Spatial Indicators. Land , 9, 495 (2020)

Fig. 1. (a) Map of five observation sites of the FRIEND project (UB: Ulaanbaatar, BJ: Beijing, SS:
Seosan, SU: Seoul, NT: Noto). (b) Administrative boundary of UB outlined with red lines and a
red dot denoting UB observation site, and (c) the figure from [1] where grey shade indicates area
suitable for settlement in UB.

Observe unknown OH-reactants and HO2/RO2 uptake byambient aerosols in a field study as ozone production
potential factors
J. Li1,2, N. Kohno3, Y. Sakamoto1,2, H. G. Pham1, K. Murano1, K. Sato2, T. Nakayama4,
and Y. Kajii1,2,
1

Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, JP; 2National Institute for Environmental Studies, Ibaraki 305-8506,
JP; 3Kindai University, Osaka 577-8502, JP; 4Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8521, JP
Email : li.jiaru.6s@kyoto-u.ac.jp

Background and objectives of the field study
Surface ozone is one of the major air pollutants that threats vegetation, human beings, and the ecosystem.
However, its production mechanism is not well understood because ozone has non-linear relationship with
its precursors (NOx and VOCs) and is the by-products of22) cycling reactions.
Moreover, ozone anomaly has been observed with the reduction of anthropogenic emissions in surface andpristine upper layers. Therefore, the exploration of ozone production procedure considering HOx chemistry
would be important, especially in places expected with reduced anthropogenic emissions. Also, it ispostulated that heterogeneous radical loss pathway could contribute to ozone production negatively because
aerosols kill radicals which were supposed to oxidize NO to NO2 for further ozone production. Therefore,
this study aims to observe total OH reactivity (as the loading of VOCs), quantify OH-reactants (mostly
short-lived trace species), and detect the loss rate of HO2
2 radicals by aerosol uptake in a clean site
to figure out the mystery of ozone production, which is supposed to shed light on future ozone mitigation
actions.

Results and discussion
We conducted intensive observations in Kyoto University in September, 2020, expecting reduced
anthropogenic emissions during the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic. Unknown OH-reactants
derived reactivity accounts for 40.5% of the total OH reactivity, which showed potential contributions fromnatural emissions based on the spatial distribution analysis. Those unknown OH-reactants could increase
potential ozone production by a factor of 2.5 on average. On the other hand, real-time heterogeneous HO2
and isoprene2 loss by ambient aerosols was measured for the first time, which showed identicalnegative impacts on ozone production potential, and the reduction is pronounced under low NO/NOx
conditions. Both HO2
2 loss rate by aerosol uptake could convert VOC-limited to NOx-limited
regime, and the transition regime was found to change with the heterogeneous radical loss. The omissionof heterogeneous radical loss could cause overestimate of VOC-limited regime. Findings established by thecurrent study are only representative for our campaign, and it may not suit other places/seasons. For adetailed expression of this work, please refer to our publication [1].
[1] J. Li et al., Potential factors contributing to ozone production in AQUAS-Kyoto campaign in summer
2020: natural source-related missing OH reactivity and heterogeneous HO2
2 loss, Environ. Sci.
Technol., 56, 12926–12936 (2022).

Fig. 1 Graphical abstract of this study [1].

Decreased trend of PM2.5 and BC observed at central andwestern Japanese islands and its association withinterannual changes in transboundary transport pattern
Y. Inomata1, A. Matsuki1, M. Kajino2, Y. Chigira3, H. Kaneyasu4, and T. Seto3
1

Institute of Nature and Environmental Technology, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 9201192, Japan

2.

Meteorological Research Institute, Ibaraki, 305-0052, Japan

3.

Frontier Engineering, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 9201192, Japan

4.

National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Ibaraki, 305-8569, Japan
Email: yinomata@se.kanazawa-u.ac.jp

Abstract
Northeast Asia is one of the largest emissions of anthropogenic trace gas and aerosols in the world. It is
well known that large amount to anthropogenic materials is emitted from the Asia and transboundarytransport to the downwind region under the westerly condition.
Long-term observation of PM2.5 and BC concentrations were conducted in the remote monitoring
stations, Noto (Suzu city, 37.45ºN, 137.36ºE) and Fukue (Nagasaki, Goto, 32.8 N, 128.7 E), in Japan.
Because of less anthropogenic local emission, the Noto as well as Fukue stations are considered as thesuitable site to investigate the transboundary transport of air pollution emitted from the Asian Continent
in the western part of Japan and coastal site of the Japan Sea. In the Noto station, PM2.5 (TEOM 1400,
Thermo) has been measured since February 2013. BC concentrations (MAAP 5012, Thermo) has beenmeasured since June 2010. The time resolution of PM2.5 and BC concentrations data was 30 min,respectively. The 1 HR average data was used in this study. In the case of Fukue station, massconcentrations of PM2.5 were used in the database monitored by the Ministry Of Environment Japan(MOEJ) as Atmospheric Environmental Regional Observation System. The time resolution of PM2.5
concentrations data were 1 HR interval.
In this study, interannual trend of PM2.5 and BC in Noto and Fukue were investigated by using thestatistical trend analysis and chemical transport model, Regional Air Quality Model 2 (RAQM2ver3).
The temporal variations of monthly averaged [PM2.5] concentrations in Noto and Fukue arecharacterized as clear seasonal variation with higher in spring and lower in winter. The total reduction ofmonthly averaged [PM2.5] concentrations from 2013 to 2019 in Fukue are estimated to be 3.8 gm-3. Thisaccount for 24% (4%yr-1) of reduction. In the case of Noto, the total reduction of monthly averaged[PM2.5] from 2013 to 2019 are 7.5 gm-3, which account for 48% (9.5% yr-1) reduction. The total
reduction rate of monthly averaged [PM2.5] in Noto is almost two times larger than those in Fukue.
Monthly averaged [BC] concentrations in Noto decrease from 2010 to 2019 with clear seasonal variations,in which higher in spring (March-April) and lower in summer (August). Total reduction of BC in Notofrom 2013 to 2019 were estimated to be 0.13±0.1 gm-3, and the reduction account for 32 %.
Results with the source-receptor analysis by chemical transport model suggest that decrease of PM2.5
and BC concentrations in Fukue and Noto is strongly influenced by decrease of transported amount fromthe central China (30-40 N), northern China(>40 N) and Japan (its own country) after 2015/2016. The
ratios of PM2.5/BC in Noto indicate that secondary production of PM2.5 occurs during the transboundarytransport and the contribution in summer is larger than those in winter.

Session 2
Terrestrial Environment

Anthropogenic disturbance of geological cycle andenvironmental contamination of arsenic
Harue Masuda
Urban Resilience Research Center, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka 558-8585 Japan
Email: harue@omu.ac.jp

Introduction
Arsenic contaminated groundwater was first attracted attention in the middle 1983 when arsenicosis wasreported in the West Bengal, India. Since then, arsenic contaminated groundwater has been known as acase of world-wide phenomenon caused by natural sources. More than a few tens of millions poisoning
patients by arsenic are estimated in the world until now. The arsenic contamination in the hydrospherewould be extended in relation to the anthropogenic activities especially increasing uptake of groundwater.
The geologic cycle of arsenic and anthropogenic disturbance to cause groundwater contamination are
introduced in this report.

Geologic cycle of arsenic
Arsenic is a minor but ubiquitous element in the Earth’s crust. Arsenic is one of the elements actively
migrating in association with regional tectonics such as magmatic activities, orogeny, erosion and so on.
The arsenic is a siderophile and/or chalcophile element in the solid Earth, while behaves as toxic
water-soluble phases such as arsenate and arsenite in the hydrosphere. Primary source of arsenic is in theinterior Earth and migrates to the shallow crust and surface of the Earth in association with magmatic
fluids. Arsenide and sulfide minerals are the primary arsenic-bearing minerals, occasionally found in ore
deposits. Hydrothermal fluids, especially containing magmatic water, directly transport arsenic as mostly
arsenite on the surface. Volcanic ash also transports the arsenic onto the surface soils and sediments.
Silicates or carbonates can be sources of arsenic. Although the concentrations of arsenic in the silicates,
carbonates and volcanic ash are commonly low compared with those of arsenides and sulfides, thosewould be important sources of arsenic in the surface and shallow ground waters since those minerals
release this element via chemical weathering, i. e., oxidation-dissolution in the surface water and shallow
groundwater environments.

Occurrence of arsenic contamination and anthropogenic effects
Arsenic contaminated areas typically occur in relation to the three different types of sources: sulfide ore
deposits, hydrothermal fluids, and Neogene sedimentary formations. Since the solubilities of sulfide
minerals are commonly low, sulfide ore deposits do not cause serious contamination without mining.
However, excavation of ore deposits and smelting can extend the contamination through waste water,
soils and atmosphere. High temperature hydrothermal fluids, especially magmatic water in association
with volcanic activity, cause serious contamination of water and soils of the watershed. Also,
development of geothermal power plants can cause outflow of highly arsenic contaminated hydrothermal
waters into the surrounding aquifers.
Aquifers in the Neogene sediments are the most widely contaminated reservoir by arsenic. Anoxic
aquifers are more seriously contaminated than oxic aquifers, while the contaminated oxic aquifers are
more widely distributed than the others. Arsenic has been believed to release via desorption-dissolution ofarsenic-adsorbing iron-oxyhydroxides through reduction of aquifers. Chemical weathering of volcanic ash
and arsenic-bearing silicate minerals would release arsenic into the oxic aquifers. In both cases, excess
uptake of groundwater must play an important role of arsenic dissolution into the aquifer via induced
recharge of surface water to promote accelerating reaction rate between water and host phase minerals
and organic matters. Extending arsenic contaminated groundwater and the resulting arsenicosis must
increase with increasing demand of groundwater.
Naturally occurring arsenic contamination is one of the examples of interaction between anthropogenic
activity and natural material cycle to cause an environmental disaster.

Microbial mediated reaction of dimethylarsinic acidin wetland water and sediments
So-Jeong Kim1, Ji-Hyun Park2, In-Hyun Nam1, Jungho Ryu1, Gi-young Jung1, Young-Soo
Han2*
1

Mineral Resources Division, Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources, Daejeon 34132,
Republic of Korea.

2

Department of Environmental and IT Engineering, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134,
Republic of Korea.

The biogeochemical reactions of dimethylarsinic acid (DMAs(V)) were investigated using simulated
wetland systems in a laboratory. DMAs(V) was injected into the wetland water, and the Asconcentrations in the water, plants, and sediments were monitored. Aqueous and solid-phase As
speciation was evaluated, and the results revealed that the DMAs(V) was completely transported to thesediments and plants. X-ray absorption spectroscopic measurement of the As in the sediment revealed
that approximately 85-95% of As existed as inorganic As species, demonstrating the important role ofmicroorganisms in the biogeochemical reaction of DMAs(V). The influences of microbes were further
investigated in smaller batches under aerobic and anaerobic conditions. The microbial batch results
showed that DMAs(V) demethylation reduced the total aqueous As concentration, demonstrating that
As(V) has higher affinity to wetland sediment than DMAs(V). The redox conditions were also revealed
as an important controlling factor of the As reaction and, under anaerobic conditions, we observed thepresence of the most toxic form of inorganic As(III) in the aqueous phase. Although this study reports
one example from a specific wetland, the important roles of the redox conditions and microbial
influences were identified from the comprehensive analysis of As speciation and mass balance.

Population model analyses of the combined effects ofinsecticide use and habitat degradation on the past sharp
declines of the dragonfly Sympetrum frequens.
Takehiko I. Hayashi, K. Nakanishi, H.Yokomizo,
National Institute for Environmental Studies, Onogawa 16-2, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8506, Japan
Email: hayashi.takehiko@nies.go.jp
Over the past few decades, many dragonflies have become endangered. For example, Sympetrum frequens,
one of the most common dragonflies in Japanese rice paddies, has experienced a sharp decline in
populations in many areas since around the late 1990s. Previous studies considered systemic insecticides(especially fipronil) to be the leading cause of the decline but did not examine agricultural factors otherthan insecticide use or the combined effects of the two. In this study, we constructed a population model ofS. frequens using agricultural land intensification rate, midsummer drainage, crop rotation/abandoned
paddy field area, insecticide use, and summer temperature as survival parameters and analyzed the effectsof each factor on population dynamics through numerical simulation [1].
As a result, our population model was able to reproduce the past rapid population declines ofdragonflies in the three regions. Numerical simulations with hypothetical parameters showed that the useof systemic insecticides was not necessarily a sufficient cause since the sharp population declines did notoccur when agricultural land intensification rates remained at low levels (before the 1980s). On the other
hand, the use of highly toxic insecticides was suggested to be a necessary condition for the rapid population
decline since the population decline did not occur at toxicity levels lower than those used (Fig. 1). In
summary, the results suggest that the rapid population decline of S. frequens in the late 1990s was due tothe combined effects of insecticide use and agricultural land clearance, which converted paddy fields towell-drained rice paddies. Dragonfly conservation plans should consider the combined effects of habitat
degradation and insecticide use.

[1] K. Nakanishi et al., Population model analyses of the combined effects of insecticide use andhabitat degradation on the past sharp declines of the dragonfly Sympetrum frequens, Sci. Total. Env.,
787, 142526 (2021) https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.147526

Fig. 1 Simulated dynamics of relative population density of Sympetrum frequens in Toyama
Prefecture assuming the effective population growth rate in 1990 was (a) 1.0 and (b) 1.1.
Population densities were calculated using the default levels and carious toxicity level ofthe insecticides below the default level.

Monitoring the effects of pollutant exposure leading todiseases: oxidative stress and other health effects
biomarkers determination
María-Pilar Martínez-Moral1,2, Kurunthachalam Kannan3
1

Biomedical Research Center of La Rioja (CIBIR), Spain
2

University of La Rioja, Spain

3

NYU Grossman School of Medicine. New York. US
Email: mpmmoral@riojasalud.es

It is well known that the exposure to contaminants like air pollutants, organic contaminants or metals is
responsible for population health deterioration, leading to diseases. However, the events that happen in
the organism after the exposure and that lead to the health outcome remain not fully understood.
It has been evidenced that oxidative/nitrative stress, that takes place after an increase of the levels ofreactive species (reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS)), plays a role in thedevelopment of diseases. It has been also observed that endocrine disruption or inflammation are also
health effects produced by pollution. All those health effects may occur simultaneously, but there is a lackof studies following a multivariate approach in order to study the interaction between them and with thedisease of interest.
When the levels of reactive species are increased above the antioxidant capacity of the organism thosefree radicals react with lipids, proteins and DNA besides antioxidants. Those reactions produce a panel ofbiomarkers that can be detected in urine to give multisource indicators of oxidative stress and nitrative
stress. There are also urinary biomarkers which levels are directly related with eosinophilia andneutrophilia and give information about the inflammation status. Lastly, the advanced glycation end
products (AGEs) are biomarkers related with metabolic alterations. In this work, we present a method forthe determination of a set of 19 urinary biomarkers selected to show the oxidative stress, inflammationand metabolic status of the organisms; and that may be used to study the routes leading to disease after
the exposure to contaminants.

[1] M.P. Martinez-Moral & K. Kannan. Anal. Bioanal. Chem. 414, pp 2103–2116 (2022)[2] M.P. Martínez-Moral & K. Kannan. Environ. Sci. Technol. Lett., 6, pp 283–288 (2019)

Seasonal variability and health risk assessment of
atmospheric polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and theirderivatives in Kanazawa, Japan
Masato Honda 1,*, Kazuichi Hayakawa 1, Lulu Zhang 1,3, Ning Tang 1 and Hiroyuki
Nakamura 4
1

Institute of Nature and Environmental Technology, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa
920-1192, Japan
2
School of Civil Engineering, Architecture and Environment, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan
430068, China
3
Department of Hygiene and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceuticaland Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa City 920-8640, Japan;
Email: mst-honda@se.kanazawa-u.ac.jp

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and their derivatives, hydroxylated PAHs
(OH-PAHs) are ubiquitous atmospheric pollutants that are a concern because of theirhigh toxicity including endocrine disrupting activities. In this study, seasonal air
sampling was conducted in 2017 and 2018 in Kanazawa, Ishikawa Prefecture, Japan [1].
The concentrations and seasonal variations of PAHs and OH-PAHs were analyzed, andhealth risks of individual congeners were evaluated based on their relative endocrine
activity. The atmospheric concentrations of PAHs and OH-PAHs showed seasonal
trends with higher concentrations in the winter (daily average ± standard deviation: 1.00
± 0.26 ng/m3 for PAHs and 75.06 ± 23.38 pg/m3 for OH-PAHs) and lower
concentrations in the summer (0.30 ± 0.09 ng/m3 for PAHs and 17.08 ± 4.83 pg/m3 for
OH-PAHs). There were significant positive correlations between the concentrations ofatmospheric PAHs and OH-PAHs. Additionally, the health risk from the endocrine
disrupting potential of each OH-PAH was evaluated using relative estrogenic andanti-estrogenic activities. PAHs with four rings, such as OH-chrysenes and
OH-benz[a]anthracene, had particularly high health risks. In conclusion, these results
suggest that atmospheric OH-PAHs are a potentially health risk for organisms including
human and thus warrant further research.
[1] M. Honda et al., Seasonal Variability and Risk Assessment of Atmospheric Polycyclic
Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Hydroxylated Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in
Kanazawa, Japan,, 12(19), 9469 (2022)

K-INET Special Webinar I

Aerosols the Arctic: The end of an era of anthropogenic
pollution and the emergence of a natural regime?
Julia Schmale
École polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne
Email: julia.schmale@epfl.ch

The Arctic is undergoing rapid environmental change due to accelerated warming. This invokes changes
in natural emissions of aerosols and their precursors. At the same time, anthropogenic emissions that havedominated Arctic atmospheric pollution substantially over the past decades are recently changing. Thischange has an impact on today’s Arctic atmosphere and climate. In this presentation I will address
whether an emerging “new Arctic” atmospheric chemical regime can already be determined from changes
in natural and anthropogenic emissions. We will discuss results from long-term observations as well as
detailed process studies from e.g., the yearlong MOSAiC campaign.

K-INET Special Webinar IIMobility and solubility of trace oxyanions in natural water:
Field evidence of conservative behaviors of uranium andmolybdenum in high pH solution.
K. Fukushi,
Institute of Nature and Environmental Technology, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 9201192, Japan
Email: fukushi@staff.kanazawa-u.ac.jp
Understanding the mobility and solubility of elements in natural water and the ability to predictchanges in that mobility are important research topics in geochemistry. The mobilities of trace elements innatural water are important research topics in environmental science, because most trace elements are
toxic to life at high concentrations. In contrast to trace metals that take cationic forms in natural water, thefactors controlling solubility/mobility of trace oxyanions have been little understood. My research groupin the Institute of Nature and Environmental Technology, Kanazawa University, has focused on theunderstanding and prediction of the trace oxyanions behaviors in natural water. We have conductedlaboratory experiments and the theoretical geochemical modeling approaches to understand the traceelements behaviors [1]. In addition to these approaches, field observations are also important andessential to tackle with the understandings. However, it is usually difficult to find appropriate researchsites to study trace oxyanions behaviors in Japan, because the natural water which allows the highmobility of trace elements is limited in Japan.
We recently have opportunities to study natural water in Mongolia as an academic corroboration with
National University of Mongolia. We have conducted two field research in Mongolia to focus on the trace
oxyanions behavior in natural water (Figure 1).
The first is the systematic temporal and spatial
observationsofmolybdenum(Mo)
contamination in rivers in Erdenet city, which
Erdenet Mine
has one of the biggest Cu-Mo mine in Mongolia[2]. The second is the long-term observations ofuranium (U) contamination in Orog lake in theValley of Gobi Lakes in South Mongolia [3]. ByValley of Gobi Lakes
combining with the laboratory experiments, we
200 kmshowed that Mo and U exhibit unique behaviors
Figure 1 Locations of research fields in Mongolia
under specific conditions of water chemistry.

[1] Fukushi K., Okuyama A., Takeda N., Kosugi S., Parameterization of adsorption onto minerals byExtended Triple Layer Model, Applied Geochemistry, 134, 105078, (2021), doi:
10.1016/j.apgeochem.2021.105087 (open access)[2] G. Baasansuren, Fukushi K., D. Davaadorj, Imai E., Kitajima T., U. Uyangaa, G. Tuvshin, Sekine Y.,
Takahashi Y., Hasebe N., Arsenic and uranium contamination of Orog Lake in the Valley of Gobi
Lakes, Mongolia: Field evidence of conservative accumulation of U in an alkaline, closed-basin lake
during evaporation, Journal of Hazardous Materials, 436, 129017, (2022), doi:
10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.129017[3] T. Solongo., Okuyama A., O. Altansukh, Y. Ariuntungalag, O. Enkhjin, B. Taivanbat, M. Enkh-Uur,
Takahashi Y., Munemoto T., Honda M., Fukushi K., Mo Contamination in Rivers near the Erdenet
Mining Area, Mongolia: Field Evidence of High Mobility of Mo at pH >8, ACS ES&T water, 1,
1686-1694, (2021), doi: 10.1021/acsestwater.1c00046

Session 3
Poster presentation

About poster presentation[KINET International Symposium]
Poster page: (password : sympo2022)

https://www.ki-net.kanazawa-u.ac.jp/symposium/sympo2022/2022sympo_poster/

Breakout room
You can join the breakout room on Dec 8th, 14: 0-16:00.
Please enter the zoom meeting below and choose
breakout room as you
like.

*Meeting ID is all the same through the events.
[Zoom Meeting Details : KINET International Symposium]
Join Zoom Meetinghttps://zoom.us/j/96383592501?pwd=UWhkRXdXOSsxTz
Q0NENIdnN5Sm5rdz09
Meeting ID: 963 8359 2501
Passcode: 192504

K-INET Special Webinar III

Assessment of Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals and Basic
Biology
Taisen Iguchi1,21Graduate School of Nanobioscience, Yokohama City University, Yokohama 2360027, Japan
2

Institute of Nature and Environment Technology, Kanazawa University, Noto-cho,Ishikawa 927-0553, Japan
Email: taiseni@hotmail.co.jp

Developmental Effects of Estrogens and Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals
Estrogen-independent abnormalities in mouse vagina were found as a result of perinatal exposure to
estrogens by Takasugi, Bern and DeOme (1962). Eight years later, vaginal cancers were found in young
women exposed in utero to a synthetic estrogen, diethylstilbestrol (DES) by Herbst et al. (1970), called
as “DES syndrome”. Bern and his associates found that female mice exposed neonatally to a plant
estrogen (1985) and to a fungus estrogen (1989) showed some persistent changes in the genital tracts.
Burlington and Linderman (1950) reported that DDT has an estrogen-like action on the development ofroosters’ secondary sex characters. Thus, the developing organism is particularly sensitive to estrogens
and estrogenic substances inducing long-term changes in various organs including the reproductive
organs. McLachlan (1980, 1985, 1995) organized a series of conferences, “Estrogens in theEnvironment”, aiming to determine what an estrogen is and how it works, and what effect estrogenic
substances might have on human health. In 1991, Colborn organized the Wingspread workshop to
discuss environmental chemicals possibly affecting reproduction of wildlife, and human health. The
participants of this workshop reached a consensus, that “a large number of man-made chemicals whichhave been released into the environment, as well as a few natural ones, have the potential to disrupt theendocrine system of animals, including humans”, and so on (Colborn and Clemens, 1992). At theWingspread workshop, Prof. Bern (1992) described the long-term changes reported in the reproductive
tracts and other compartments of human and mouse endocrine systems as the result of exposure in thewomb to DES, based on the “Fragile Fetus”. Colborn et al. (1996) published a book, “Our Stolen
Future”, based on the workshop. This is the dawn of endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) issues.
After the workshop, Prof. Bern asked Iguchi to conduct studies on the developmental effects of estrogenand estrogenic chemicals using fish and amphibian species in addition to mice (Iguchi et al.,Differentiation, 118, 4-23, 2021).

Endocrine Disruptor Issues in Japan, Europe and USA
In 1997, White House (Smithsonian) meeting was held to discuss EDCs Issues at Washington, DC.
OECD started test method development for EDCs in 1998. Japanese Environment Agency listed 67
chemicals and conducted Japanese environmental monitoring in 1998. In vitro and in vivo fish (Japanese
medaka) tests and rat one-generation tests were conducted for 36 chemicals on the list. Four chemicals
were suspected to have endocrine disrupting effects in fish tests but not in rat tests (2014). Ministry of theEnvironment Japan (MOE) established two-tiered framework on testing and assessment of chemical
substances; Tier 1 for screening:, reliability evaluation of literatures based on chemicals detected in theJapanese environment, in vitro reporter gene assays, and short-term in vivo assays (TG229, TG230) andTier 2 for definitive test: medaka (TG240), Xenopus laevis (TG241) and Daphnia magna (TG211 Annex
7). Current outcomes of the assessment of environmental chemicals will be explained.
Basic studies on the evolution of medaka estrogen receptor (Esr) and androgen receptor (AR),Esr-knockout (Esr-KO) and AR-KO medaka; D. magna juvenile hormone receptor and environmental sex
determination have contributed to the test methods development. Temperature-dependent sex
determination in American alligator will be explained.

Session 4
Marine Environment (Environmental
Science and Aquaculture)

Marine crustaceans as model species of marine pollution
research
Kenji Toyota
Noto Marine Laboratory, Institute of Nature and Environmental Technology, Kanazawa University,
Otsusaka, Hosu, Noto, Ishikawa 9270552, Japan
Email: toyotak@se.kanazawa-u.ac.jp

Marine pollutants, including wastewater produced by human activities, chemicals used in agriculture
and fisheries, pharmaceuticals, and microplastics derived from marine debris, are recognized as oneof today's global environmental problems. Chemical analysis technologies have improved thedetection level of trace amounts of pollutants in seawater, but their toxic effects on living organisms
have not yet been fully discussed.
Water fleas, genus Daphnia, are mostly freshwater zooplankton, and have long been used as theenvironmental indicators, because of their sensitivity to environmental changes as well as being a
keystone species in the food chain of aquatic ecosystems. Since I was a graduate student, I have been
conducting basic biological research to elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying
environmental sex determination of Daphnia, and have also been studying the toxic effects of
endocrine disrupting chemicals such as insect growth regulators (juvenile hormone and molting
hormone) and oil dispersants used in marine oil spills, using toxicity tests (OECD TG202: 48-houracute toxicity test, OECD TG211: 21-day reproductive toxicity test).
Recently, I and colleagues has been developing new toxicity effect assays using
decapod crustacean larvae. We have found that exposure of agonists of either juvenile
hormone or molting hormone reduced larval survival rates, molting frequency, andmetamorphosis rates in a dose-dependent manner in the larvae of kuruma prawn andred claws crab. These data suggest the possibility of assessing the toxic effects of marine
pollutants in marine crustaceans, and we hope to establish toxicity assessment criteria
by assaying for various other pollutants in the future.
Furthermore, only a few marine species are known, and preliminary surveys haverevealed that
sp. and
sp. can be collected on the Japan Sea, although thedaphnids are basically freshwater organisms. In the future, I aim to establish a method
for collecting and rearing these marine water fleas in the Noto Peninsula by comparing
my long-accumulated knowledge on the developmental physiology of.

Fig. 1 Water fleas (Branchiopoda,
Crustacean) in the freshwater andseawaterFig. 2 Staging of larval metamorphosis of the
kuruma prawn and red claws crab
(Malacostraca, Crustacean).

CULTURED OF SAND GOBY, Oxyeleotris marmoratus LARVAE IN CAGE WITH
DIFFERENT FOOD
Thumronk Amornsakun1,2* 2 Wasan Sriwatana and 3 Nobuo Suzuki
1

Prince of Songkla University, Pattani Campus, Pattani, Thailand 94000
Songkhla Inland Fisheries Development and Research Center, Songkhla,
Thailand, 90230
3
Noto Marine Laboratory, Division of Marine Environmental Studies
Institute of Nature and Environmental Technology,
Kanazawa University, Ogi, Noto-cho, Ishikawa 927-0553, Japan2

E mail: thumronk.a@gmail.com
Study on cultured of sand goby larvae in cage with different food experiments weredone in nylon cage (50 x 50 x 50 cm in size). Sand goby larvae of 1 cm in total length
were stocking densities 50 fishes per cage to feed with three different food whichwere Moina, grinding fishes and Moina with grinding fishes twice a day until thelarvae were 2.5 cm in total length. It was found the date of sand goby larvae from 1
cm to 2.5 cm to feed with Moina, grinding fishes and Moina with grinding fishes
which were 28, 44.3 and 21 days, respectively, it is significantly different (P<0.05)
between among different food. The total length of sand goby larvae were cultured
during 21 days to feed with Moina, grinding fishes and Moina with grinding fishes
which were 2.15, 1.51 and 2.59 cm, respectively, it is significantly different (P<0.05)
between among different food. And survival rate of sand goby larvae fed with Moina,
grinding fishes and Moina with grinding fishes which were 70, 80 and 84.67 %,respectively, it is significantly different (P<0.05) between among different food. So
the cultured of sand goby larvae (1 cm in total length) feed with Moina with grinding
fishes is the suitable.

KEYWORDS: Feeding; Larviculture; Sand goby, Oxyeleotris marmoratus

A novel ND1 mitochondrial DNA mutation is maternallyinherited in growth hormone transgenesis in amago
salmon (Oncorhynchus masou ishikawae)

Tsukasa Mori1, Tomohiko Sato1

1

2

,

, Atsushi Ogura2.

1

Department of Marine Science and Resources, Nihon University College of Bioresource Sciences,
Kameino2
Department of Computer Bioscience, Nagahama Institute of Bio-Science and Technology, Nagahama
Email: mori.tsukasa@

Summary-u.ac.jp-masou i+/mitochthat-yPhysiological conditions of GH homozygous fish

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Is Bandon Bay still supported the natural reproduction of oysters?
The assessments of the annual reproductive cycle of farmed
Crassostrea belcheri in Bandon Bay, Surat Thani Province, Thailand
J. Ruangsri1, P. Pongtippatee1, J. Duangmorakot2 and Y. Kitani2
1

Department of Fishery and Coastal Resources, Faculty of Innovative Agriculture and Fishery,
Prince of Songkla University, Surat Thani Campus, Muang, Surat Thani 84000, Thailand

2

Institute of Nature and Environmental Technology, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 9201192, Japan
Email: jareeporn.r@psu.ac.th

Description of the investigation site and study backgrounds
Bandon Bay is located in Surat Thani Province which is on the east coast of southern Thailand. The bay
is received the freshwater runoff through the main river and several canals (Fig. 1) that suitable foraquaculture activities. Bandon Bay is classified as the largest oyster farming in Thailand for more than two
decades. In the past, changes in the water environment of Bandon Bay and oyster farms mainly depended
on the amount of freshwater runoff and monsoons. Presently, besides the global warming is inevitable, thechange appears to be influenced by many sources, such as flooding, growing community, coastal
aquaculture activities, agriculture and industrial factories that discarded the harmful pollutants. These
effectors may impact the natural reproduction of oysters in Bandon Bay, while oyster farming is mainly
relying on the natural source of oyster spats. Somehow, since 1994 there is no data reported on the
reproductive cycle of oyster in Bandon Bay. Therefore, through this study, we assess the annual
reproduction of adult white scar oyster, Crassostrea belcheri farmed in Bandon Bay. The condition index(CI), the development of reproductive organ determined from the gonad index (GI) and the reproductive
cell stages of adult farmed oysters were analyzed monthly from January to December, 2019. Some waterparameters i.e., salinity, pH, chlorophyll a, orthophosphate, total suspended solid (TSS), NH4-N and NO2N from the same sampling sites were also analyzed. The data received from this study could be used toevaluate the natural reproduction capacity of this particular oyster in Bandon Bay.

Reproductive Organ Development and Reproductive cycle of C. belcheri
The study results revealed that the reproductive organs of farmed oysters were developed throughout theyear. CI ranges from 2.23 (in December) to 6.29 (in May) which similar to GI values that ranges from 17.71(in January) to 42.87 (in May) and the greater CI were correlated to the higher GI of oysters. Histologicalobservation found that farmed oysters collected from at each sampling point forms different reproductive
cell stages with temporal variation. The cells ripped highest in May (71.43%) and spawning peak in July(80%), followed by during October-November (50%). Water parameters changing throughout the sampling
period but still in optimum ranges for oysters’ adaptation and reproduction. Taken together of the above
results could be suggested that Bandon Bay is still support the natural reproductive cycle and farming ofoysters in Thailand.

Fig. 1 Geographical setting ofBandon Bay and samplingstation ( ) in the present study.

Activity regulation mechanismof the grouper immune enzyme Lamino acid oxidase
Yoichiro Kitani
Noto Marine Laboratory, Institute of Nature and Environmental Technology, Kanazawa University,
Noto-Cho Ogi 927-0553, Japan
E-mail: yki@se.kanazawa-u.ac.jp-ketoL-amino acid oxidases (LAOs) catalyze the oxidative deamination of Lacid, ammonia, and hydrogen peroxide as byproducts. LAOs showed the variety of bioactivity by the
resulting hydrogen peroxide. The serum of the red-spotted grouper Epinephelus akaara contains an LAO(Ea-LAO, 450 kDa, 67 kDa subunits) with the potential to kill bacterial pathogens Aeromonas salmonicida
and Vibrio anguillarum via hydrogen peroxide. However, it is unknown how the grouper tolerates theharmful effects of the hydrogen peroxide and ammonia—these are serum Ea-LAO byproducts. In this study,
the grouper LAO kinetics were analyzed to understand how it escape the toxicity of byproducts. The LAO
activity of grouper serum was suppressed in low-salt solutions such as NaCl, CaCl2, MgCl2, and diluted
seawater. The activity was non-linearly increased and fitted to the four-parameter log-logistic model. The
EC50 of the seawater was calculated to have a 0.72-fold concentration. This result suggested that the EaLAO could be activated by mixing with seawater. The results of circular dichroism spectroscopy showed-free buffer (inactive condition) andthe original concentration of seawater (active condition), respectively, indicating that the secondary
structure of the Ea-LAO in the active condition was randomized. In addition, the grouper plasma andartificial seawater mixture could generate hydrogen peroxide and show the hydrogen peroxide aided
antibacterial activity against V. harveyi by utilization of the plasma free amino acids as substrates. Taken
together, this indicates that the Ea-LAO is normally on standby as an inactive form, and it could activate asa host-defense molecule to avoid pathogen invasion via a wound when mixed with seawater.

Session 5Integrated Environment

The impact of global warming on water and nutrienttransport from land to the coastal ocean
Jing Zhang
Faculty of Science, Academic Assembly, University of Toyama
3190 Gofuku, Toyama, 9308555 Japan
Email: jzhang@sci.u-toyama.ac.jp

The influence of global warming on water and nutrient transport from land to thecoastal ocean
The temperature in Japan has been rising 1.7 times faster than the world's average due to ongoing
global warming. The effects of the dramatic change have also begun to appear in the weather and thewater cycle of some coastal cities. The rise in temperature has turned snowfall into rainfall, and as a result,the amount of snowfall in these area has decreased by up to 50% over the past 40 years. The reduction in
the snowfall caused a deterioration in the function of water storage and groundwater recharge. These
shifts are expected to increase river water and shallow groundwater volume and a shortened residence
time before flowing to the coastal ocean, eventually decreasing nutrient concentrations in the terrestrial
water. In order to adapt to the continuing global warming, it is vital to understand the current status of thewater and nutrient dynamics in this area and then adopt appropriate measures based on scientific evidence
in cooperation with the government. In this presentation, a three year ongoing project (Environment
Research and Technology Development Fund) will be introduced, including (1) elucidation of themechanisms of water and nutrient cycling in the region, (2) identification of factors causing changes inthese processes due to climate change, and (3) future forecasts based on observational data andconsideration of adaptive measures. Our goal is leading to conserve sustainable water and appropriate
nutrient management.

Healthy and sustainable terrestrial and coastal waters
An ongoing UN Ocean Decade Incubator-WESTPAC programme, "Healthy, Productive andSustainable Asian Marginal Seas: Understanding changes in the marine environment in response to global
climate change", will also be briefly introduced during the presentation. Achieving a healthy andsustainable terrestrial and coastal water requires keeping track and assessing how these areas are changing.
By tracking contaminants in the water, assessing environmental change, physical, chemical, andbiological observations enable coastal communities to make the best decisions for their environment. We
believe the time has come to enable people to make use of cutting-edge science, technology and build a
network to develop an international strategy for a better understanding of coastal and terrestrial
ecosystems particularly in the Asian Marginal Seas and its environs.

Water circulation in the Southern Ocean: Implications of226Ra and 228Ra distributions
M. Inoue1, H. Mitsunushi1, K. Mashita1, S. Hanaki1, H. Kameyama1,
T. Matsunaka1, Y. Kumamoto2, Y. Inomata1, M. Hayashi3, and S. Nagao1
1Institute of Nature and Environmental Technology, Kanazawa University
2
Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology
3
Faculty of Science, Fukuoka University
Email: i247811@staff.kanazawa-u.ac.jp

The distribution of 228Ra (half-life: 5.75 y) concentrations revealed the circulation of seawater incontact with the shallow continental shelf and coastal sediments. Additionally, owing to its long half-life(1600 y), 226Ra concentrations in seawater also indicate the contribution of deep waters. However,concentration data of radium isotopes in the Southern Ocean were insufficient for the study of current
systems. We collected seawater samples in the Southern Ocean from December 2019 to March 2022 during
the expeditions of “Mirai” and “Shirase” and examined the spatial variations in 226Ra and 228Ra activity
concentrations.
Notably, the 226Ra concentrations in the Southern Ocean along the transect 60–65°S (40–120°E)
were highest in other oceans and seas (Fig. 1). Additionally, 226Ra concentrations increased from the eastern
and western areas (from 2.5 to 3.0 mBq/L). Depletion of 228Ra was also observed. These results indicateda large contribution from deep/old waters (e.g., Upper Circumpolar Deep Water) with the contribution of
mixing of the southward surface layer waters, particularly to the eastern area in the Southern Ocean.

3.5

3Fig. 1: Lateral distributions of226

Ra

surface

2.5

concentrations
watersinoftheSouthern Ocean (60–65°S).

2
40

60

80

100

120

o

Longitude ( E)
Acknowledgments
We are grateful to the researchers, captain, and crew onboard the “Mirai” and “Shirase” for theirassistance during sampling.

Oceanic dispersion simulation of radionuclides derived
from the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station
D. Tsumune1, T. Tsubono1, Kazuhiro Misumi1
1

Central Research Institute of Electric Power Industry, Abiko 2701194, Japan
Email: tsumune@criepi.denken.or.jp

137Cs simulation

Oceanic simulations were carried out for the environmental dynamics of 137Cs derived from the
Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station (F1NPS). The observed data are spatio-temporally insufficient,
therefore the numerical model simulations were useful to elucidate the environmental dynamics. The
possible sources to the ocean in the F1NPS accident include direct release from the F1NPS site,
atmospheric deposition, and supply from rivers and groundwater after deposition on land. The direct
release rate is estimated from ocean dispersion simulations and observed results adjacent to the F1NPS,
and this result is also consistent with results from several different methods. On the other hand, there arelarge uncertainties in estimating the rate of deposition to the atmosphere and the rate of supply from rivers
and groundwater after deposition on land. Direct comparison between simulated and observed results isdifficult because the distribution of 137Cs activity concentration in the ocean shows large spatio-temporalvariations due to the influence of meso-scale eddies and the Kuroshio Current. We confirmed that thesimulation results attributable to direct release of the annual mean activity concentration distribution are
in good agreement with the annual mean observed one (Fig. 1). We also confirmed that the annual meansurface concentration distribution from 2013 to 2016 is almost similar when normalized by the direct
release rate. In other words, it was found that the annual mean surface activity concentration distribution
can be predicted if the release rate is known [1]. The reproducibility of southward advection was
improved by increasing the horizontal resolution from 1 km to 200 m. The higher resolution simulation
also made it possible to reproduce the discharge from the seafloor 1 km offshore.
3H simulation

The distribution of 3H activity concentration in the ocean by the discharge of the ALPS treated waterfrom the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant (F1NPS) was predicted by higher resolution oceanic
dispersion model. We predicted the distribution of annual mean 3H activity concentrations when the
ALPS treated water is discharged at 2.2 x 1013 Bq/year as 3H. The background 3H activity concentration
ranged from 0.07±0.01 Bq/L in the North Pacific. 3H activity Concentration areas above 0.1 Bq/L, whichis considered to be detected, were found only in the coastal area of Fukushima Prefecture. In more distantareas, the concentration is diluted by oceanic diffusion effects, so it cannot be distinguished from thebackground concentration and is not detected.
[1] D. Tsumune et al., Impacts of direct release and river discharge on oceanic 137Cs derived from the
Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Power Plant accident, J. Environm. Radioacti., 214-215 (2020)2013
1.0E+03

Nearshore
1.0E+02

Offshore
1.0E+01

1.0E+00
1.0E+00

1.0E+01

1.0E+02

Observed 137Cs activity (Bq/m3)

1.0E+03

Offshore

Nearshore

Fig.1 Comparison between observed and simulated surface 137Cs activity in 2013

Ecological roles of airborne transportation of
microorganisms in Antarctica
Stephen D.J. Archer1, Kevin C. Lee1, Tancredi Caruso2, Teruya Maki3, Charles K. Lee4, Don A. Cowan5,
Fernando T. Maestre6, Stephen B. Pointing7
1

School of Science, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
School of Biological Sciences and Institute for Global Food Security, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast
BT9 7BL, Northern Ireland, UK
3
Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kindai University, Osaka 577-8502, Japan
4
International Centre for Terrestrial Antarctic Research, University of Waikato, Hamilton 3240, New Zealand5
Centre for Microbial Ecology and Genomics, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa
6
Departamento de Biología y Geología, Física y Química Inorgánica, Escuela Superior deCiencias Experimentalesy Tecnología, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, C/ Tulipán s/n, 28933 Móstoles, Spain
7
Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117558
2

Email: stephen.archer@aut.ac.nz
Microbial transport by air to and within Antarctica is believed to play a critical role in the structuring of the
microbial-dominated Dry Valleys ecosystem. However, persistent knowledge gaps remain despite decades of
microbiology done in Antarctica. In this study, we surveyed air and soil samples along two transects in the Wright
Valley to determine the contributions and sources of microbial aeolian transportation. Bioaerosols were collectedwith a highly-sensitive high volume liquid impingement protocol which we developed and validated for thispurpose. Microbial communities therein were profiled using amplicon sequencing of prokaryotic 16S rRNA andfungal ITS1 regions. We identified that some taxa from local soil communities were shared with aerosol samples,
exhibiting a distance related trend indicating local transportation. However, soil communities tended to be morevariable with a distinct community structure suggesting additional inputs to both ecosystems and niche filteringin soil. Based on microbial species and back trajectory analysis, we were able to identify putative air inputs from
non-soil sources, including marine, and global terrestrial environments. When compared with comparative
temperate aerosol samples, Antarctic air communities shared some taxa but were less diverse, and theircommunities structure were distinct, particularly for fungi. This study not only demonstrated the local
transportation of biologicals in Antarctic air at high temporal resolution but also provided evidence of a ubiquitous,
globally transported, bioaerosol community.

The Arctic and subpolar North Atlantic circulation:
new perspectives from 129I and 236U
N. Casacuberta1,2, A.-M. Wefing1, M. Christl2, J. N. Smith3,
1

Institute of Biogeochemistry and Pollutant Dynamics, ETH Zürich, Switzerland
2

Laboratory of Ion Beam Physics, ETH Zürich, Switzerland
3

Bedford Institute of Oceanography, Halifax, Canada
Email: nuria.casacubertaarola@usys.ethz.ch

Releases of anthropogenic radionuclides from European nuclear fuel reprocessing plants enter the surface
circulation of the high-latitude North Atlantic and are transported northward into the Arctic Ocean andsouthward from the Nordic Seas into the deep North Atlantic, thereby providing tracers of water circulation,
mixing, ventilation, and deep-water formation. Recent work has benefited from advances in accelerator
mass spectrometry to enable the measurement of the conservative, long-lived radionuclide tracers 129I and236
U, that added to the former use of 137Cs. Latest studies of these tracers include the use of transit time
distributions (TDs) to accommodate circulation timescales and mixing, providing a rich inventory oftransport data for circulation in the Arctic and North Atlantic Oceans that are of great importance to global
thermohaline circulation and climate.
In this talk I will present a summary of the work we have been doing in the last decade at ETH Zürich, andthe future plans within the TITANICA project. In particular, results of 129I and 236U from three expeditions
that took place under the Arctic GEOTRACES programme in 2015 and 2016. Distribution of these two
radionuclides in the three sections offered an unprecedented snap-shot of the pathways of Atlantic waters
flowing into the Arctic Ocean during an atmospheric anti-cyclonic regime (Figure 1). The combination of
the two tracers, having different input functions but same sources, allowed us to constrain tracer ages at thesurface, and transit time distributions at the Atlantic layer, updating the previous dataset that was built a
decade ago using 137Cs instead of 236U [1]. Existing time series at Labrador Sea and deep North Atlantic(Line W) from 1990s and 2000s show the penetration of 129I at the deep Labrador Sea and downstream atthe Deep Western Boundary Current thus proving the connectivity between the Arctic and the Atlanic
Oceans. Future work at ETH will cover several sections in the Arctic and subpolar North Atlantic Ocean,
and will make use of the newly developed 129I-236U tracer pair to understand flow features and timescalesof Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation.
[1] N. Casacuberta & J. Smith. Nuclear Reprocessing Tracers Illuminate Flow Features and Connectivity
between the Arctic and Subpolar North Atlantic Oceans, Annu. Rev. Mar. Sci. 15:16.1-16.19 (2022).

Fig. 1 Distribution of 129I in the Arctic Ocean and Fram Strait (2015, 2016).

Memo