MoCoTokyo 2024

Accelerating Decentralized Energy
with Web3 Technologies

Hiroshi Okamoto, PhD
CTO and EVP, TEPCO Power Grid Inc.

©TEPCO Power Grid Inc. All Rights Reserved.

Energy Transition and Industrial Revolutions
End of 19thMid 18thFirewood
andcharcoal

FireCoal

SteamEngine
1st IR©TEPCO Power Grid Inc. All Rights Reserved.

1970s

Coal to
OilVehicle

21st Century
Depetroleumization

Oil shocks

Decarbonization

Climate change issue

Electrification
2nd IR

3 rd IR

4 th IR

2Electrification: the most disruptive technology

3◼ A centralized engine and mechanical transmission network werereplaced by decentralized motors and power cables.

EngineFord’s Automotive Mass
Production Plant with Motors
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Bild_Maschinenhalle_Escher_Wyss_1875.jpg©TEPCO Power Grid Inc. All Rights Reserved.

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:LongBeac
hFord.jpg

The 2nd Industrial Revolution:
Multicellularity of the Factory
Rigid physical network(shaft, gear, …)

SteamEngine

4

Downsized physicalnetwork (belt conveyor)

MotorsMechanical loads©TEPCO Power Grid Inc. All Rights Reserved.

Electrical network(= vascular network)

The 4th Industrial Revolution:
The Cambrian Explosion of Mobility X

5X

Unicellular MobilityActuators
Nervous system

ICE
WheelsMotor,
Computer
VascularInvertersystem

Battery©TEPCO Power Grid Inc. All Rights Reserved.

PVNetwork Convergence in the Human Body
Nervous network

Vascular network“Neurovascular wiring”
Interdependency between
vascular and nervous systems
Vascular signal

Nervous signal

Achieving companionshipand regulation ofHomeostasis©TEPCO Power Grid Inc. All Rights Reserved.

6

7

Decarbonization and Electrification
As Is✓ Carbon Neutral✓ Automation by AI andblockchain technologies

dispatchcontrol

To Be

Price Signal
fluctuation adjustment

fluctuation

Grid Code
NuclearHeat Pump

Hydro
BTM

Nuclear

Hydro
FossilSupplyresidential C&I

Demand©TEPCO Power Grid Inc. All Rights Reserved.

PVWindSupplyData Center

BatteryMobility X

DemandDraft implementation plan for Utility 3.0 by 2030

8Providing UX to customers and workers
House

Store

EVs and Drones

RobotAI

Grid-Edge Devices &DER

Charging and battery station¥⊿kW

Flexibility

Agriculture

Factory

MV and LV

Energy¥ ⊿kWkWh⊿kW kWhkWh¥¥

Community
DER

Distributed
Energy Market (DEM)
kWh¥¥MarketcouplingkWh

National EnergyMarket (NEM)
kWhkWh⊿kW ¥DSO¥

kWhplant

UHV, EHV and HVDMO

Collaboration
sharing⊿kW¥

infrastructure(gas, water, telecommunications, roads, etc.)⊿kWMMO⊿kWInter-area Operation
TSO

EMS and/or Metering
Built into almost every device thatprovides UX

TSO

Bulk Energy（BER)©TEPCO Power Grid Inc. All Rights Reserved.

¥MMO: Nationwide Market Operator
DMO: Distributed Market Operator
TSO

Co-optimizing energy andflexibility

Distributed computing to integrate RE inDSO system (Agile Energy X)
Containerized blockchain mining equipment converts excess local
energy into cryptocurrency, which can be stored in digital wallets©TEPCO Power Grid Inc. All Rights Reserved.

10MESH to nurture the Cambrian Explosion of X
Digital Infrastructure with Workload Shifts across Time and Space
Cyberspace
AI & Machine Learning

AI & Machine Learning

Edge computing

Edge computing
AI & Machine Learning

Cyber-physical integration
DronesCyber-physical integration

EV busData Centers

EVWorkload shift
Data Centers

Factory
Food Processing

Mobility NW

RobotsHeat NWCharging

Energy Management
AMIGeothermalWind

Demand-Supply Matching
National market&Distributed market Hydro¥

PVTidalNuclearPower Grid©TEPCO Power Grid Inc. All Rights Reserved.

Heat pump forAgriculture

ThermalHeat pump hot waterserver

Distributed Energy Market in the Future
DistributedEnergy Marketwith Blockchain

Mobility X

Locational
dynamic pricesignalPhysicalSpace

Carbon footprint,…

Digital twin provided by grid and traffic operators, etc.
©TEPCO Power Grid Inc. All Rights Reserved.

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