MOBI GlobalBattery Passport(Panel Discussions)

19 February 2024
© 2024 MOBI

Panel Members and CE-GBP Co-chairs

Rajat Rajbhandari, PhD

Roger Berg

© 2024 MOBI

Christian Koebel

Masaaki Kubo, PhD

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Panel Agenda●

Panel welcome - Rajat●

Global Battery Passport and working group introduction - Rajat●

Motivation to join the working group, their roles, why GBP is important for them - Panel●Questions to panelists - Rajat and Panel●

Q&A from the audience - Panel© 2024 MOBI

3Global Battery Passport Definition●The Global Battery Passport (GBP) is a federated “registry” of battery passport data sources.

●It provides information from stakeholders about batteries throughout its life cycle.

●Stakeholders include suppliers, manufacturers, repurposing, reusing companies, more.

●

Predicated on the idea of self-sovereignty, interoperability, and decentralization.

© 2024 MOBI

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MOBI Global Battery Passport SYSTEM
Stakeholders

Users, EOs, suppliers, regulations,...

Regulations

EU, CARB, US Treasury, others

Rules andStandards

MOBI (EVGI and DRIVES, CE-GBP
WG), Battery Pass, GBA

DigitalInfrastructure

ITN and Citopia (Web 3infrastructure)

DigitalPassport

GBP on Citopia
Materialsand Packs© 2024 MOBI

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Benefits of the MOBI GBP●Issue battery passports to in an industry-standard format.

●

Battery information will meet many regulations.

●

Members use the GBP for many business use cases beyond regulations.

●

Allows the stakeholders to signiﬁcantly reduce cost over time to present battery data.

●

Global interoperability of battery data.

●

Better to accomplish it together than by yourself in a vacuum.

© 2024 MOBI

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Why Implement GBP using Web 3
●
●
●
●
●
●

Reduce the cost of trust (SSI)among thousands of supply chain stakeholders.
Reduce the cost of data sharing between intended recipients.
Standardized and verifiable access between organizations (SSI).
Entities can choose to share/not share data - data sovereignty.
Data traceability and authenticity (tamper evident) of battery data at scale.
Easy to add use cases and stakeholders horizontally.

© 2024 MOBI

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Benefits of Using Self Sovereign Identity Framework
●
●
●
●
●

Open and non-competitive technology framework
Uses decentralized identity (DID) instead of centralized ones
A DID-based system can present battery data to other verifiers in a trusted way
Self-manage identity instead of third party© 2024 MOBI

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Everyone in the Battery Supply Chain Has a Role in GBP
PublicRegulators

Vehicle Owners

Global Battery Passport

Miners, Refiners

Distributors, Cell
Manufacturers

VehicleManufacturers

Repurposers

Online Resellers

Pack
Manufacturers

Collectors,
Dismantlers

Transport
Companies

Auctions

RecyclersNote: For demonstration purposes only.
© 2024 MOBI

9Battery Regulations Across the Globe
EU Battery
Regulation

California Air
Resources
BoardUS Treasury
Section 30D© 2024 MOBI

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Other Data Initiatives© 2024 MOBI

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Requirements Driven by Regulations and Biz Needs

EU Regulations

US Treasury
Compliance

CARB Regulations

Other Regulations
and Biz Needs

GBP© 2024 MOBI

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“Deploy Once, Comply Many Times”●Regulations never never tell how to deploy systems or what tech to use.

●

Building GBP that can help members comply with many regulations is neither easy nor cheap.

●Capturing all the attributes/requirements/capabilities in a single phase setting is not feasible.

●Design the passport for vertical and horizontal scalability.

●As more regulations are enacted, we must “add/modify” capabilities to the GBP.

© 2024 MOBI

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Challenges Ahead●European Union Battery Regulations:
○○○

●
●

●Implementation acts are not out yet - specificity needed for enforcement is lacking.
We don’t know when these acts will come out.
We can only hope that these acts do not deviate too far from the main language of the battery act.

US Treasury needs to issue Final Rule(s) for FEOC and Supply Chain due diligence.
We should expect changes in scope of requirements, capabilities, timelines, etc.
Our challenge is “change management” to the GBP.

© 2024 MOBI

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CE-GBP Working Group Tasks for 2024
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.

Create a high-level design and implementation plan.
Discuss three broad categories of use cases. Use Case 1: CHF, supply chain due diligence; Use Case 2:
Battery durability, performance; Use Case 3: end of life management..
Elicit and document challenges and gaps to issue battery passports (and use cases).
Develop a three-year high-level release roadmap with phases and the corresponding details.
Create a high-level scope of the MVP (Phase 1).
Design and development of the MVP (Stages 1 and 2).
Define and develop standards (i.e. guidelines and schemas) that are essential for the MVP.
Evaluate the readiness of Citopia/ITN infrastructure for scalability.
Evaluate the interoperability between Catena-X/OURANOS and ITN/Citopia.
Develop medium and long-term financial and operational sustainability and scalability plans.

© 2024 MOBI

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Coordination with Other Working Groups in Phase 1DRIVESEVGI II

CE-GBP

Standards/guidelines on
how to use battery
passport info including
SOH to estimate residual
value of EVs and batteries(driven by member’s bizneeds)

Standards/guidelines for
SOH presentation andcertification(driven by CARB ACC IIand other biz needs)

Implement Global Battery
Passport system that
includes SOHpresentation(driven by EU, CARB ACC
II, biz needs)

Why to present the info?

What info to present?

How to present the info?

© 2024 MOBI

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Three - Year Plan
Phase 1 (2024)

Phase 2 (2025)

Phase 3 (2026)

Stage 1: Foundational work of
issuing/verifying BBC.

Add more capabilities to thebattery passport. - dynamiccontent and end of life
requirements.

Add more capabilities to thebattery passport.

Stage 2: Use Citopia toissue/verify BBC and registry
to provide static battery datato users.
Focus on static attributes ofBBC as per EU regs.
CARB 1926.5 and 6 andmember’s biz requirements.
© 2024 MOBI

EU Battery Regulation Art 77
goes into effect January 2027.

CARB 1926.5/6 goes into
effect for 2026 model year.
US Treasury Section 30D/
Supply Chain DD MAY go intoforce.

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GBP Implementers

GBP Observers

As of February 01, 2024
© 2024 MOBI

18For more information
rajat@dlt.mobi
matt@dlt.mobi© 2024 MOBI

19Honda R&D Center

MoCoTokyo

Benefits of Web3-Based
Battery Passport System
2024年2月19日

Honda R&D Europe
Energy & Automobile Division
Energy & Digital System Research

Dr. Christian Köbel© 2024 Honda R&D Co.,Ltd.

R&D Center
History of Honda
Honda’sActivities Within MOBI
HondaのMOBI内活動の歴史

Honda’s main activities 2019-2021:
Hondaの主な活動 2019‐2021•••

EVGI I standard + chair of EVGI I WG

EVGI標準第1版 ＋ EVGI WGの議長として議論のリーディング

Data schemas from EVGI I used to create Energy PoC for P2P energy exchange
P2Pでのエネルギー交換PoCを可能にするため、EVGI WGにてデータスキーマを構築

Preparation for ITN technology investigation
ITN技術の調査準備

EVGI I output applied in Energy PoC development
EVGI I のエネルギーPoC開発への適用事例

Hondaはエネルギーサービス領域からMOBIに参入し、MOBI内最初のエネルギーサービス関連WG（EVGI WG）参加と標準化を積極的に推進

Entry from Honda to MOBI was in energy, active lead of first energy WG andstandard© 2024
Honda R&D Co.,Ltd.

Honda forR&D aCenter
DIDs as Basis
Multi-Party Ecosystem
DID‐マルチパーティによるエコシステムの基礎• DID is a non-competitive, basic technology
DIDは非競争領域であり、基本技術• Idea: If DIDs are mutually accepted between organizations / competitors, the data these DIDs produce
can be verified across organizations → Trusted data in ecosystem based on verifiable identities
アイデア: DIDが組織/競合他社間で相互利用できる場合、これらのDIDが生成するデータは各組織間での検証が可能→検証可能なIDに基づくエコシステム内の信頼されたデータ

Identities anddata of otherorganization
can be verified

Organization A

DID A

DID B

DID C

DID D

Organization B

DID 1

DID 2

DID 3

DID 4

Decentralized Identity Network (ITN)
バッテリー・パスポートに関連するデータ等は、 DIDベースのエコシステムにより、信頼できる形で他検証機関に提示可能

A DID-based ecosystem can be used to present data such as battery passport elements to otherverifiers in a trusted way© 2024 Honda R&D Co.,Ltd.

Web3-based dataprovision
towards Battery Passports
Honda
R&D Center
1. Registration of Self-Sovereign Identities (SSIs)
自己主権型アイデンティティ（SSIs）の登録

1-3 Create, generate DID C“DID C”の生成

Battery Passport
DID C
Controller: DID A

1-1Generate DID A

Supplier A“DID A”の生成

Supplier B

1-2 Generate DID B“DID B”の生成

1-5 A informs B about
BP with DID C

1-4 Register DIDs and store DID
document with verification informationin DID registry
DIDを登録し、検証情報を含んだDIDドキュメントをDIDレジストリに保存

サプライヤAはサプライヤBに “DID C”に紐づくBPを通知

Benefits:
1. Identities are self-issued, reduces complexity
アイデンティティを自ら発行することで複雑さを軽減

2. Registration is open, within permissioned network
許可されたネットワーク内ではオープンに登録

ITN Identity CoreServices
DID A

DID B
DID C

3. ITN acts as a ledger, whose authenticity and integrity are guaranteedbased on a reliable mechanism, can be shared among multiple
organizations.
ITNは台帳として機能し、真正性と完全性は信頼できるメカニズムに基づき保証され、複数組織間で共有可能

4. Outlook: Battery Passport as a service by solutions like MOBI Citopia
展望：MOBI Citopiaのようなソリューションによるサービスとしてバッテリーパスポートを提供© 2024 Honda R&D Co.,Ltd.

Web3-based dataprovision
towards Battery Passports
Honda
R&D Center
Verif. Cred. a

2. Creation of Verifiable Credential
検証可能クレデンシャルの生成

Supplier A

2-2 Create Verifiable Credential
with supplier B-specific battery
data set, signed by DID B

Schemareferenced in VC

サプライヤ Bの持つバッテリ・データセットを署名付き検証可能クレデンシャルで作成

Supplier B
2-1 Store and provide specific schema forbattery data (can also be provided by interest
group, consortia, etc.)
バッテリーデータを特定のスキーマで保存・提供

Cloud

ITN Identity CoreServices

SchemaDID A

DID BBenefits:
1. Schema is accessible for each organization with a need to verify
credentials within the defined (permissioned) network
定義された（許可された）ネットワーク内では、認証情報を確認が必要な組織はスキーマに各自でアクセス可能DID C© 2024 Honda R&D Co.,Ltd.

Web3-based data
provision
towards Battery Passports
Honda
R&D Center
3. Provision of battery data VC
バッテリーデータVCの提供

3-2 A verifies authenticity of data source...
サプライヤAはデータソースの信頼性を検証

Supplier A

Battery Passport
DID CController: DID A

Verif. Cred. aSupplier B
3-1 Issue VC to Battery Passport, signed by DID B
DID Bの署名入りVCをバッテリー・パスポートに発行

3-2 ... by verifying DID B on ITN
ITN上でDID Bを検証

Benefits:
1. Verifier does not have to contact original supplier
検証者は元のサプライヤーに連絡する必要がない

2. Battery passport as a (dynamic) collection of verifiable credentials fromdifferent sources, for both static and dynamic data

ITN Identity CoreServices
DID A

DID B
DID C

さまざまなソースからの検証可能クレデンシャルを（動的に）集約するバッテリーパスポートは静的・動的双方のデータに対応

3. Outlook: W3C standard is basis for zero knowledge proofs, which enable
to prove certain claims by data providers, without access to the actualdata (selective disclosure)
展望： W3C標準はゼロ知識証明の基礎であり、実データにアクセスせず、データ提供者の特定クレームの証明が可能（選択的開示）© 2024 Honda R&D Co.,Ltd.

Web3-based dataprovision
towards Battery Passports
HondaR&D Center
4. Verification of a Battery Passport
バッテリーパスポートの検証

4-1 OEM can verify
signature of BP creatorand authenticity of eachdata set's issuer (supplier)Supplier A
Supplier B

OEMはBPの作成者の署名と、各データセットの発行者（サプライヤー）の信頼性検証が可能

Battery Passport
DID CController: DID A

Verif. Cred. aOEM
Benefits:
1. OEM does not need to contact each original supplier directly, but canverify signatures directly on ITN
OEMは各サプライヤーに連絡することなく、直接ITN上で署名確認が可能

ITN Identity CoreServices
DID A

2. System can be extended at will towards a chain of trust, e.g., throughown identities and related VCs for further sub-components of abattery
信用の鎖に対し、システムは自由に拡張可能
例えば、バッテリーのサブコンポーネント対し、独自のIDや関連するVCを通じ、さらなる拡張が可能

DID B

3. Generally open and scalable system based on communication
between SSI-based organizations

DID C

SSIベースの組織間コミュニケーションに基づいた一般的にオープンでスケーラブルなシステム© 2024 Honda R&D Co.,Ltd.

Difficulties in battery CFP calculation
Information sharing among OEM and battery supply chain.
• Unable to receive some data from Tier N• Unable to verify data authenticity
Reason) Confidentiality(recipe/know-how leakage, Contractual protection)

The CFP calculated based on data from supply chain may be different from that calculatedin-house.
Data sharing status during the CFP trial calculation project
Actualmeasurement

database

SourceUnknown
Tier 1Company A

Key Techs to overcome difficulties◼ “Blockchain” and “Zero Knowledge Proof” potentially overcome difficulties related to dataauthenticity and confidentiality

Zero-Knowledge Proofs

https://dlt.mobi/web3-infrastructure/https://dlt.mobi/wp-content/uploads/2022/10/JRC130260_01.pdf

Possible use case
◼ Battery life cycle business (Battery circular economy)• The initial battery passport ID is inherited until that battery is recycled to raw material.
• Trustable battery information helps to maximize total profit including environmental
value in its life cycle.
• Traceable battery information helps to fairly share total profit in its life cycle.

New）

Used/Refurbished

Repurpose

RecycleIncentive

Potential for further business expansion◼ It is expected that VID and Digital passport will become the core of data-related business andbe deployed in various fields.

Connected data trading
marketsupply chain
management

EV grid integration
Vehicle Identity（VID）
VIN-based ID with vehicle information that canidentify the vehicle in the digital world
VIN : Vehicle Identification Number

Finance/Securities/SmartContracts

Usage-based mobility
services and insurance