Achieving
Energy Security throughEcotechnology
エコテクノロジーでエネルギー安全保障を実現する

November 19 (Sat), 2016

Acknowledgement from
Honda Y-E-S Awardee Representatives
The completion of this Honda Y-E-S Forum 2016
could not be possible without the participationfrom these following people and organizations
who strongly supported us in various ways. To
begin with, we would like to sincerely thank you
to Honda Foundation that initiated this forum,
as well as, provided financial, intellectual andphysical support.
Special thanks go to the Honda Prize Laureate
for sacrifice the time attending the forum andgiving meaningful suggestions. Also, we would
like to express our deep appreciation to the panel
moderator for running a very productive panel
discussion, our indebtedness to the keynote
speakers and guest speakers who presented
a ve r y a s to nis hing id ea re g ra ding to e co technology which really light up and inspire theaudiences to pursue their goals.
A deep sense of gratitude we give to Japan
Science and Technology Agency (JST) for theirsupport and helped us coordinate our forum.
A big thank to Japan International Cooperation
Agenc y (JICA) for attending our forum anda special thank to Chiyoda Corporation for
creating an interesting industrial exhibition.
We would like to convey our gratefulness to
Embassies of Cambodia, India, Lao, Myanmar
and Vietnam in Japan, participating universities

and Y-E-S awardees currently studying in Japanfor interesting in our forum.
Our thanks and appreciation also go to theposter contestants who enthusiastically madefull efforts in presenting their research fields,
making our forum filled with diversity of ecotechnology topics. Thanks to our judges who
worked very hard on bringing out the mostproper and outstanding research poster. Their
contributions are sincerely appreciated andgratefully acknowledged.
Moreover, we would also like to acknowledge
the Fukutake Hall, University of Tokyo and thestaffs who gave permission to use all required
facilities and materials to achieve the tasks.
We appreciate the comments and guidance
given by other audiences who came to theforum, those suggestions will definitely benefit
and help improving all Honda Y-E-S awardees’
skill.
Last but not least, we would like to give a big
thank to all Honda Y-E-S Alumni members thatsacrificed their time and strength, working
together to make this Honda Y-E-S Forum 2016
successful.

About the Honda Y-E-S Award

We started the Honda Y-E-S (Young Engineer and Scientist’s) Award program for young students to foster future leaders ofscience and technology fields in 2006 as a part of the Honda Foundation’s 30th anniversary project. Now this program is implemented in 5 Asian countries; Vietnam, India, Cambodia, Laos and Myanmar. This system grants awards to students who
have excelled in the area of science and technology and who continue to aspire to higher academic achievement. Furthermore, the grant is awarded in two stages. The program hopes to promote dissemination of Ecotechnology among the young
generations and at the same time to strengthen interaction and exchange between Japanese youths and young people expect to lead science, technology and industry in their respective countries.
For further information, please visit our website: http://www.hondafoundation.jp/en/index.html

Contents
Excerpts from the Distributed Program (with Modifcation)
Outline of the Event (from the Program Cover Page)
Message from the President
Program		
Speaker Profile

2
3
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5

Opening Remarks

9

Presentations by the Y-E-S Awardees

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Presentation by the Y-E-S Awardee Specialized in Energy

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・Hiroto Ishida, President, Honda Foundation
・Nguyen Thi Phuong Thao from Vietnam

Vietnam: Energy in Vietnam: Current Status and the Potential of Wind Power
India:
Renewable Energy Interventions for Energy Security in India
Cambodia: Energy Saving in Poor Urban Settlements
Laos:
Hydropower to Deal with Future Energy Trend in Lao PDR
Myanmar: Energy Pricing Policies in Myanmar

Save Our Planet with Electric Vehicles – From the Control Engineering Point of View

Nguyen Binh Minh, Ph.D., The University of Tokyo

Industrial Exhibition Presentation
Eco-technology/Energy Security of Japan

41

Chiyoda Corporation

Keynote Speech 1

Renewable Fuel: the Pathway to Sustainable Civilization

49

Yoshiaki Nakano, Ph.D., Professor, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Information Systems, Graduate School of Engineering, 		
the University of Tokyo / Major research fields: Semiconductor optoelectronics, high-efficiency solar cells, photonic integrated 		
circuits

Keynote Speech 2

Stormy Energy Future and Sustainable Nuclear Power66

Mr. Nobuo Tanaka, President, The Sasakawa Peace Foundation, Former Executive Director of International Energy Agency(IEA)

Panel Discussion

79

Research Poster Contest

82

Closing Remarks

89

The Way Forward

92

Contact Information of Honda Y-E-S Awardees

93

・Mr. Akira Kojima, Advisor, Japan Center for Economic Research・Sumeet Sanjay Gattewar, 2008 Honda Y-E-S Awardee in India

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※所属・役職名は開催当時のものです。
※Organizations and titles are at the time of the Forum.

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※所属・役職名は開催当時のものです。
※Organizations and titles are at the time of the Forum.

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※所属・役職名は開催当時のものです。
※Organizations and titles are at the time of the Forum.

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※所属・役職名は開催当時のものです。
※Organizations and titles are at the time of the Forum.

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Opening Remarks

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Opening Remarks

Hiroto Ishida
President, Honda Foundation

Greetings from President at the Y-E-S Forum
Thank you for the introduction. I would like to thankeveryone who joined today’s forum despite your very
busy schedule. On the occasion of the holding of thisforum, I would like to deeply express my gratitude forall the support and cooperation offered from various
fields, including Japanese universities for joining andapplying for the Research Poster Contest.
The Foundation has been developing the grant
program “Y-E-S Award” for awarding excellent
undergraduate students in science and technology
universities in 5 countries, starting with Vietnam 11
years ago, followed by India, Laos, Cambodia, andMyanmar. The representatives of awardees in eachcountry have planned, discussed, and organized
today’s Y-E-S forum by further extending the Y-E-S
Award program. The main purpose of this forum is tocontribute to developing the skills and abilities of young
scientists and engineers in Asia. It also aims to expand
the human network through communications amongawardees and with Japanese scientists, getting to know
Japanese academics and experts, and bringing backwhat is learnt during the forum to home countries.

are becoming major issues of not only stable supply,
rational price and environmental conservation but also
issues of creating a pathway for conversion from fossil
fuels to renewable energy sources.
Recognizing such issues, the role that science andtechnology has to play in tackling them will be further
discussed during this forum. I am also expecting
this forum to be an opportunity that triggers andaccelerates further cooperation among countries
beyond national borders.
This is the second Y-E-S forum and hopefully will beheld every year. Today as the second step, we will
endeavor to improve this forum to be more fruitfuland meaningful for many young scientists. Therefore,
we welcome candid and frank opinions so that we canmake things better for next time.
I would like to conclude my greeting by asking for yourcontinued cooperation with the Foundation in the
future. And please spend nice time in this lovely hall at
the University of Tokyo. Thank you.

The theme for today’s discussion is “Achieving Energy
Security through Ecotechnology.”
In these countries which are undergoing transition
to further development stages, energy demand has
expanded with the increase of economic activity. There10
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Opening Remarks

Nguyen Thi Phuong
Thao
2007 Y-E-S Awardee
in Vietnam

Opening Remark by Thao
Good morning, Ladies and Gentlemen. I am Nguyen
Thi Phuong Thao from Vietnam. As a Y-E-S awardee
and a member of preparation committee for the Y-E-S
Forum 2016, I couldn’t be more delighted to welcome
you all to the Honda Y-E-S Forum 2016.
Once a wise man said, when the last tree has beenfelled, the last river poisoned and the last fish caught,
man will know, that he cannot eat money.
For such a long time, we had put the profit over thehuman and using the term progress to excuse for themass destruction of this planet. We have passed thecarbon tipping point, and climate change is not a hoax.
The earth is our only home and we may not be able tosave it to our next generation.
So why did it happen?
For such a long time, I kept blaming the governments
and some VIP people who can do something but kept
doing nothing. But then I realized that the power tocure this planet is not in their hands. It is in your hands
and in my hand. We are the young people with thepower of youth, knowledge, and dream. I believe that
we can turn back the hand of time, and return thisplanet as green as we received it from the mothernature.

But that is not a story of one year or of one individual.
We need the sharing and cooperating of all the
young engineers and scientists. The idea behind thisforum has been to bring together on a platform theyoung engineers and scientists to discuss and findecotechnological solutions to problems faced in eachcountry and in the world as a whole.
The topic for the forum this year is “Achieving
Energy Security through Ecotechnology” – whichunquestionably relates to the classical problem facedby human– How can we balance the needs, theresources, and the environment, and ensure doing so
for generations to come? This seems to be an abysmal
unanswerable question for generations. However, whileworking on the forum and learning about the worksof the capable minds in this field, kindled my hopes ofseeing it become a reality in the near future.
I hope that all the audience present here today sharethe same enlightenment and optimism. I strongly urge
for an open and free participation from all the audience
to make this forum an interactive platform and extract
possible benefits out of the event today to make it
mutually beneficial to us.
Please enjoy the forum.
Thank you.

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Presentation by
the Y-E-S Awardees

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Nguyen Thi Phuong
Thao
2007 Y-E-S Awardee

Nguyen The Tuyen
2012 Y-E-S Awardee

Vu Truong Minh2014 Y-E-S Awardee

Energy in Vietnam:
Current Status and the Potential of Wind Power
Good morning, Ladies and Gentlemen. Welcome to the Honda Y-E-S
Forum 2016
I am Vu Truong Minh. Today, on behalf of the Vietnam team, I would
like to present you the current status of energy and the potential ofwind power in Vietnam.

In this talk, we would like to draw the overall picture about the energy
situation in Vietnam, her Power Generation Capacity and the issuesof energy security she is facing. We also would like to introduce wind
power as a potential solution to achieve energy security in Vietnam.
Now, please have some look at the energy situation in Vietnam.

Firstly, there are some look at some key figures in Vietnam. Vietnam
is located in the South East Asia with the population of more than 91
million people and the GDP of 194 Billion dollars with 99 percent of
the population gaining access to the electricity.

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This graph illustrates the comparison between the total demandfor energy to develop economy and the possible supply of energy
converted to Mtoe between 1990 and 2025.
From the graph that the shortage of energy to meet the demand for
economic development will be inevitable by 2025 when the amountof energy being able to exploit is much lower than the demand forenergy.
It is estimated that the demand for energy will rise to 135 Mtoe in
2025 with the annually-average increasing rate of 12%, and the lackof energy is anticipated to happen with the national energy deficit of35%.
(Mtoe – Megatonne of Oil Equivalent)This chart illustrates the changes in the use of energy in different
sectors in Vietnam between 2010 and 2014. It is noticeable that all of
the sectors saw upward trends in the use of energy.
The use of energy in the industrial sector was the highest over theperiod, which was followed by that in the management and resident
sectors.
It can be easy to see in the right side, which is the relationships
between energy consumption and GDP in Vietnam, Thailand Japan
in 2010. It is clear that Vietnam had to use 600 Kgoe to produce
1000USD, while Thailand just used 400 Kgoe to create the same
GDP. Meanwhile, to create 1000USD, Japan just used only 100 Kgoe.
Consequently, Vietnam has been using energy really ineffectively.
(Kgoe – Kilogram of Oil Equivalent)This graph indicates the structure of energy in Vietnam. This provides
information on the contribution of different kinds of energy toVietnam power generation capacity in 2014 and 2030.
In 2014, the power generation capacity mainly originated from threemain sources of energy including gas (almost 22%), coal (nearly 29%)and hydropower (46%), whereas renewable energy accounted a small
portion with only 0.32%.
The structure of energy is predicted to change a lot in 2030. Coal isforecast to be the main source of energy with 56%. In contrast, theshare of hydropower is expected to decrease to 16% because of the
impact of climate change and the concerns for the negative impactsof hydropower plants on the environment.
The contribution of renewables to power generation capacity is
anticipated to increase almost 10 times from 0.32% in 2014 to 3%
in 2030. And, one striking point is that in 2030, nuclear power ispredicted to be available and contribute 8% of total energy andVietnam will have to import energy.

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To conclude, the increase in the demand for energy consumption
and the inefficient use of energy cause the overexploitation of natural
resources, especially fossil fuels to develop economy. So, sooner orlater this will lead to the lack of energy in the future.
In addition, the changes in the future structure of energy are
unreasonable. The reason is that the reservoir of fossil fuels suchas coal has been very limited so far, so the development based oncoal is really unsustainable. Vietnam will become an import energy
country, so she has to depend on the energy supply from othercountries. About hydropower, this kind of energy is causing many
negative effects on nature and humans. An example for this was thedisastrous flood just happened in the middle of Vietnam in Octoberin 2016. One of the main causes of this disaster is due to releasingwater suddenly from dams at hydropower plants. So, these sources ofenergy are not really sustainable. As a consequence, there are many
threats to energy security and the environment in the future.

Vietnam has a high potential for renewable energy resources, suchas biomass, solar, and wind. Among them, wind power has many
advantages and is considered as one of the most possible measures
to solve the energy issues in Vietnam.
First of all, we have favourable natural conditions to develop the wind
power.
Moreover, the government has provided many supporting policies todevelop wind power projects in recent years. We are also receiving
many investments from international organizations to scale up
renewable energies, especially for wind power projects.

The first one, about the favourable natural conditions. This is a mapof wind resource in Vietnam.
Vietnam has the coastline of over 3,000 km and is located in thetropical monsoon climate. According to a research from World Bank,
over 39% of the area of Vietnam is estimated that the annual average
speed of wind is more than 6 m/s at the height of 65 meters. Thiswind level is equivalent to the total capacity of electricity generationof 512 GW. So, the potential of the exploitation of wind energy is very
huge.

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The second one about the government support. The government
provides tax support policy to wind power project, including freeimport Tax for importing goods used for building up the renewableenergy projects. The business tax is also discounted to only 10% peryear within 15 years (can last up to 30 years with large projects).
When constructing wind power plants, companies or organizations
can receive the support for the initial investment capital up to 70%of the total investment capital from Vietnam Development Bank with
low interest rate. In addition, the wind power projects will be free costof land hiring and environmental protection. Besides, the purchaseprice of electricity of companies producing wind energy will beapplied tariffs avoided cost.

When it comes to external supports, many international organizations
also agree to help Vietnam scale up wind power projects, throughfinancial support, technical assistance and legal and regulatory
development.
In terms of finance, World Bank already engaged to support
renewable energy projects in Vietnam with 318 million USD in the
period from 2009 to 2016. The US Trade and Development Agency
provided 926,000 USD to study for developing Phase III in Bac Lieu
wind farm project.
About the legal and regulatory supports, GIZ and MoIT are working
jointly on improving legal and regulatory frameworks to stimulate andfacilitate investments in wind power in Vietnam.
(GIZ-Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbei)(MoIT-Ministry of Industry and Trade)

This slide refers to some typical wind farms in Vietnam. All of thesewind plants are located in provinces having the most potential ofwind energy such as Bac Lieu province, Binh Thuan province.
Wind Farm in Bac Lieu is the largest wind farm in Vietnam with 62
wind turbines. This wind farm has the total generation capacity of
99.2 MW. It is also the first offshore wind farm in Asia.
Two other wind parks Tuy Phong and Phu Lac are located in Binh
Thuan province with the electricity generation capacity of 30 MW and
24 MW, respectively.

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This slide would like to introduce you one of the creative and typicalprojects about wind power in Hanoi, Vietnam.
This slum includes 28 families living along Red river in Hanoi, Vietnam.
Living too far from the power station, the cost of electricity here is fivetimes higher than usual cost, and electricity is almost unaffordable forthese people who survive on only few dollars per day. They used todeny electricity, or just dared to use a small amount of it. Now, arrowsof red-bucket flowers flies over the slum and provide them with freeelectricity from wind power. These wind turbines are made from old
motors from printers and plastic buckets. They worked with the windspeed of just 0.4 m/s.The overall system costs only $44. They cangenerate enough energy to light bulbs for about 4 hours by night.
Le Vu Cuong – Project Creator said that he hoped it was just the
beginning of a greater effort to bring clean energy to poor families
across the country.

In conclusion, Vietnam has been facing a shortage of energy in orderto develop economy. Wind power is considered as one of the mostenvironmentally-friendly and promising solutions to achieve theenergy security in Vietnam as the following reasons:• Natural conditions are really beneficial for the 			installation of wind power plants.
• Wind power has been receiving many supports 			related to the investment capital, the purchase price 			of electricity, tax and other policies from Vietnamese 			Government and International Organizations.

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Sumeet Sanjay
Gattewar
2008 Y-E-S Awardee

Jay Deepak Parikh
2009 Y-E-S Awardee

Saumya Kapoor
2012 Y-E-S Awardee

Renewable Energy Interventions for Energy Security in India
Good morning everyone. On behalf of the India team I will
presenting on the topic ‘Renewable Energy Interventions for Energy
Security In India”.

In terms of layout, we will start by looking at energy demand,
supply and challenges. Thereafter we will look at how the country
is addressing the challenges including collaborations with othercountries like Japan.

Since India is a large country, I will be taking the help of numbers to
describe the energy challenge she is facing.
India is a country of 1.3Bn people which is ~ 10 times Japan’s
population. To put things into context India has 17% of the world’s
population but only 0.6% of the world’s oil and 0.4% of the NaturalGas.
The challenge is not just the population but the increasing energy
consumption too. Energy consumption per capita has doubled in thelast 15 years and it’s expected to grow for two reasons. First, currently

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Indian people are using less energy about 1/3 of global average per person. However, let imagine if Indian people
start using the energy as same as US or Japan. Indian GDP is growing at a fast pace, in 2015 we grew at 7.6%. Thiseconomic growth is increasing the energy demand in the industrial sector (as can be seen in the graph).

On the supply side, India is dependent mainly on non-renewablefossil fuels as energy source. ~75% of her energy needs are met
through fossil fuels, mainly oil and coal (refer graph) . Around 70% of
the electricity generation is dependent on coal.
Since India does not have big reserves of fossil based fuels, thecountry imports most of her energy needs. In FY14 India spent ~6%of the GDP on energy imports. For a young country it spent a lower
amount ~ 4% of the GDP on education.

Now that we have looked at the challenges India faces in terms ofenergy demand and supply, we will look at the measures being taken
to address these challenges.

For successful execution it is very important to have a good policy
support. India’s energy policy has set an objective to allow the GDP
to grow at 8-10% in the next 15 years. This economic prosperity is
expected to reduce poverty.
India released the Energy policy In 2006 which is an overarchingframework to guide energy policies. The second step was thecreation of the Ministry of New and Renewable energy which acts
as the nodal agency for all matters concerning new and renewableenergy.

This table shows the major renewable energy sources targeted byIndia and the various initiatives being conducted to harness thesesources. India is a tropical country with abundant sunlight. It also
has a long coastline. Hence solar and wind are the main renewablesources being targeted.

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Solar development is being pursued under the National Solar
Mission. Under this program a number of large grid connected solar
projects have been commissioned. This image is of one such projectin the desert state of Rajasthan. It is spread over 700 acres which isapproximately around 190 baseball fields.

A novel way of capturing solar energy has been the Canal top solar
power projects. Under these projects solar PV panels are laid overcanals. This helps to setup solar projects without land use issues andalso conserves water by reducing evaporation. The first such project
was inaugurated in 2012 and currently there is a 10MW project being
planned with the help of the Japanese government.

Another scheme to increase the contribution of renewable energy inelectricity supply is the Renewable Energy Trading Scheme. Under
this scheme power distribution companies have a set purchaseobligation for renewable sources. This obligation can be fulfilled
by purchasing power or by purchasing certificates which signify the
supply of renewable power to the grid.

Now that we have seen a few initiatives being taken to manage theenergy challenge let us look at areas where Japan and India havecollaborated. Recent Indo – Japanese collaborations have been inclean coal technologies, efficiency of telecom towers and nuclear
energy production. The details are given in the slide.

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Thorn Sopheaktra
2011 Y-E-S Awardee

Phon Bunheng
2014 Y-E-S Awardee

Energy Saving in Poor Urban Settlements
Even there is development on some slum areas in Phnom Penh, there
still lie a large number of the poor urban settlements.
With some knowledge on energy security, we as architects working
on the project to save energy and to make beneficial changes to thecommunity master plan.

We will develop the project through 2 main processes by improving
the urban area and propose housing solution for energy saving.
However, we should take a look on the overview of Phnom Penh cityand the chosen area for some ideas.

Phnom Penh is the capital of Cambodia for few centuries ago. Until
now, the city expands itself twice from 6 to 12 districts. Now, the total
area reach up to 678.5 square kilometers.
The dramatic increase of population makes Cambodia find it is hardto provide sufficient housing solutions. Surprisingly, the data fromWorld Bank show us that this small city with less proper planning has
up to 2.2 million people in 2016.

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The city center of Phnom Penh has proper planning. However, a
few kilometers from there, we will find numerous of poor urban
settlements.

The first pie chart show the proportion of type of poor urban
settlement in Phnom Penh. We found that most of the slum areas arebuilt on plain land and along rivers or canals. It’s base on the reportof SUFF in 2009.
The second pie chart illustrates clearly that the private sources are
the main electricity supplier after the Government source in 2009.
However, based on the survey in some slum areas in Phnom Penh, thecurrent supplier of electricity in this 2016 are mainly from Government
meters.

The highlighted zone is the selected area for our case study. It’s
located in Steng Meanchey district, which is just several kilometersfrom the city center. From the map, we see that most of the houses
are being built directly on the canals.

From the overview of the slum area, we work with the community andgovernment sectors to improve the whole area base on the four steps
below.
The project will be fully analyzed and recorded the data through thesurvey, proceeded by defining the concept of the area, followed bycommunity mapping and finalized by land upgrading proposal.

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To summary our survey, the whole area is comprised of 8 communities
and which equal to 524 households.
The people have settled down along the 1492 meters canal since1987. Until now, the scramble settlement causes lots of problems,
namely, waste disposal, health condition, and accessibility the
public service. Until recently, the people still live in fear, the fearof being relocated to the new place by authorities without propercompensation.

The pictures could tell us that people are usually build their houses
directly on the canals and all type of waste are being disposed
directly into it, as we can understand from the black water of thecanal.

After seeing the challenges that people are facing, we work with
community itself to make a better change to the whole community byidentify the 4 main goals to achieve.
First, reducing environmental impact, then, achieving Energy Saving
which is one of our main goal. At the same time, we will improve thecommunity through using more sustainable materials and finally,
creating sustainable community.

Among the 524 family, we randomly select a house in one of the
8 communities. Then, we will analyze the house in detail before
proceeding to the solution ideas.

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It’s already hard to imagine the living condition be like from the firstglance on the picture.
The house has a very basic design. The most of part of the walland roof are made from zinc which is a heat-absorbed material.
During day time, zinc traps the heat inside the house and bring thetemperature up to 35 degree during rainy season and up to 37 or 38
degree during dry season. Without any proper ventilation throughout
the house, the people living inside try to find their ways staying in
the houses by using artificial ventilation, fans. In short, the housecondition make them use much electricity than the usual need.
Surprisingly, the domestic division of the house is just one commonroom. Every functions of the house are in one floor and one roomwith little part of wooden panel.

Look into more detail of the use of electricity of that family. They
need to spend up to 14.29$ per month which is equal to 91.8 kw. The
amount of money might seem reasonable for many people but for
local community, it is a large proportion of their monthly expenditure.

To process our sustainable design, we started by sharing the ideas
with community. We asked all volunteer people to share theirconcepts on the master plan of the area. Whatever the proposals they
made, whatever the ideas they want, we with government sectors
take them into consideration. Then, we process to the technical partand try to apply their concepts into the reality as much as we can.
This to ensure that, the sustainable community is defined until theneeds of the people are valued.

After working with community and all related sectors, we come up
to the final stage of the community master plan. This plan provides
more green space to the area with playgrounds, market, as well as
more public space. The houses are arranged along the canal which isaccessible by all the nearby roads.

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The same thing to the process of master plan, we ask all the
representative from all 8 communities to propose the dream houses
they want.
Most of the proposals houses they made are: two-storey house, withlimited width of 4 meters and length of 8 meters. One of the majorinterest is the use of the house for small commercial purpose.

The house is arranged along the 6-meter canal section. The sewage
system will connect to the sceptic tank of each house before allow
the water to go into the canal.

Here is the final design of the house !
There is two floors, each one serve different function. The groundfloor used for commercial purpose, family room (living room), andkitchen, while the first floor used for resting. The house will besuitable for less than 6-members family.

We architect try to minimize the cost of the building construction as
we can. The total cost is 5272 dollars. However, after substitute someexisting material from the previous house, the price will reduce intosome amount.
To ensure long-term life span, the house structure is built in concrete.

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The designed house is simply open to the outside more than theexisting one.
To ensure the sustainability of the house design, we will take a lookon 4 main factors of the house. First, it’s shading.
The shading over each window and door is placed to protect direct
sunlight to go into the house while keep enough light to go through.
Therefore, the house can get enough light with less heat. This canlessen the usage time of any kind of light during day time.

Secondly, we will make system for water collection. As Cambodia is
in monsoon weather, the rainy season usually last 6 months with 3 to
4 months raining consecutively, therefore, the household could savesome water for general usage.

To keep the inside temperature below 35 degree, the layer of theroof and wall are taken into consideration. Two low-cost materials areused for roofing with the top layer of asbestos roof and lower layer ofthatch. Thatch is made from bamboo and which is sustainable, local
and low cost material. Thatch is not only keep the inside temperature
not to get warmer but also help to reduce the noise cause from theoutside. Secondly, the wooden wall is used in most part of the house
both interior and exterior. Again, the wood absorb little heat while
keeping the inside house with adequate temperature.
The use of wood and bamboo in these parts enable the insidepeople not to use fan or use very little fan.

Finally, the proper ventilation of the house will enable the people
inside to use of fan during both day and night time.
As we know the hot air is light while the cold air is heavy. From thedoors, windows and ventilation blinds, the air can go into the houseeasily and going up to the blind of the roof, allowing the continue air
flow inside the house at all time.
With all the main factors we see including shading, water collection,
heating and ventilation, people will change their way of using
electricity. Using almost no light during day time and using verytime for fan would result in a major change in saving electricity
consumption in each household.

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Presentation by the Y-E-S Awardees
As we can see from the result we get, the time people spend on fan,TV, and Lighting are reduced resulting in the monthly expenditure of
the electricity to just 9.34 dollars.
Ac tually, the time people watch less T V is because of thedevelopment of the master plan. With more green space for sport,
playground, the kids and teenagers like to spend more time withfriends rather than staying at home watching TV.

We can sum up the saving amount of electricity consumption perhousehold is 31.5 kwh which is equal to 15506kwh for 424 families.
That is a large amount of saving for poor urban settlement.
Since the unit price of electricity per kilowatt hour is 0.155$, therefore,
the total amount of money community could save is up to 2558
dollars. With this saving amount of money, the local people could
use for other development purpose instead of wasting on the uselessusage amount of electricity.

After all, the whole project is not only for electricity saving but also
for plenty of solution to the community. The project will help toprovide proper housing, improving lifestyle, providing better healthy
environment, bringing sustainable community and reducing pollution.

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Presentation by the Y-E-S Awardees

Nalinh Thoummala2015 Y-E-S Awardee

Anoulak
Hongvanthong2015 Y-E-S Awardee

Hydropower to Deal with Future Energy Trend in Lao PDR

These are some general information of Lao PDR that somehow
influence the energy consumption within country. The populationof Lao PDR is approximately 6.7 million people (2013). The average
domestic GDP growth rate is 8.5% and growth rate of industry isaround 7%. The economic growth rate is between 7.5-8 percent
during the sixth five-year plan has resulted in rising domestic energy
consumption. At present, although economic growth has slowed
down due to international financial crisis, energy demand of thecountry continues to rise.

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Presentation by the Y-E-S Awardees
The overview of current energy consumption in Laos, it is mainly inthe form of traditional fuels since it imported over 700 million litersof fossil fuels, but it's used was only 17% of all energy consumption.
In 2009, wood and charcoal were the most used energy resource
accounted for 68% of the total energy consumption. Major energy
consumers are from residential sector, accounting for 51%, andtransport accounting for 26% followed by industrial sector for 20%.
The demand for energy by the transport sector has increased due torapid increased in private vehicle ownership.

From the graph illustrated shows that The total domestic energy
demand is anticipated to increase by 3.6 percent per annum,
especially in industrial sector Energy demand is increasing at around
8 percent per year, Electricity generation is predicted to increase at
11 percent annually from 2005 to 2025 because domestic demandfor electricity will increase from 425 megawatts in 2006 to 2,863
megawatts in 2025. Further, the demand for transportation fuel ispredicted to increase by 5 percent per year.

As we could see, the energy demand in Laos is definitely increasing
year by year, so it becomes the government’s responsibility tocove with such issue in order to meet with the rising demand as
well as concerning about sustainable development… currently, thegovernment is on attempt to promote and put strong development
on renewable energy. They aim to increase the share of renewableenergies to 30% of the total energy consumption in 2025 bydeveloping on a wide range of newly renewable energy. For biofuel,the government plan to adopt biofuel to substitute 10% of thetransportation fuel demand by 2025. Next is solar energy. For theperiod 2010-2020, the government under the rural electrification
master plan (REMP) aims to upscale the program covering additional
19,000 households within 11 provinces. For biogas, the government
aims to sustain these initiatives by up scaling and increasing thenumber of households using biogas to 50,000 in 2025 to reducethe importation of LPG. For wind energy, the government aims todevelop around 50 MW of wind power by 2025. And the last one
is hydropower, Lao PDR has substantial potential for hydropower
development, which is estimated to be around 26.000 MW.

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Presentation by the Y-E-S Awardees
The reason why government particularly focus on hydropower as asolution for energy security is because as following: Lao PDR is richin natural resources, especially water resources which contributed
35% of the flow into the Mekong river (more than any othercountries), which technical potential was estimated around 26,000
MW, where yet counted small scale hydropower sites. It also plays
an important role in meeting the country’s objectives of increasing
rural electrification coverage from the current level of 70% to 90%
in 2020. With the present electric power generated by hydropowerof 16,000GWh in Lao PDR helps reduced the CO2 emission by 14.4
mio.T yearly compared with coal fired and hydropower not only
built to resolve domestic power insufficiency, but also help in flood
mitigation, irrigated agriculture, earn foreign exchange from exportof power to neighboring countries.

It was reported that there are overall 40 operated hydropower
projects in the year 2015 and the total installed capacity is around6.300MW. From total projects, the project that can generate
electricity greater than 15MW has 26 projects and the rest is called
small scale hydropower.

The policy goals for developing hydropower are:• to expand the electricity grid.
• to provide electricity to 90% of households by 2020.
• to increase government revenue from IPP investments.
• to “promote” an integrated 500 kV grid in the
Greater Mekong Sub-region.

However, we can’t say that hydropower will only return us benefits. It
also has some negative impacts that we all have to concern.
Water disease: During the dam construction, there will be unproved
number of sediment into the water and make water dirty.
Erosion and sediment trapping: Because of the soil which is comewith the water would struck in the dam.
Fishery: Dam will block the way of fish. In some case, fishes has been
disappear from the river.
Biodiversity: Decreasing number of aquatic species.
Social-economic aspects: Fishery will receive impact by decreasing
amount of fish. Furthermore, local people who live near thehydropower project will need to be moved out because of flood.
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Presentation by the Y-E-S Awardees
Fish friendly turbine will be used in the case of downstream fish
migration. There are two options for fish to go through. First option,
when turbine is running fish will be divided into specific fish way.
Second option, in case of turbine stop running fish can swim exactly
through the turbine. (The turbine must be safe for all fishes to go
through, it would have well done design for prevent fishes injured).

In case of upstream fish migration. Fishes can clam up the river by
the fish ladder. (Fish ladder is kind of different level of water. Whichis design for fish can easily jump or swim up to the upstream without
injured). Designing the fish ladder for each dam. The engineer had
to carefully study the ability of fish to swim up river. Naturally, fish
will swim in opposite way of water current. The design of fish laddershould allow water flow all the time and the water current should not
be stronger than the fish ability. Then, fishes will automatically swim
up to the upstream.

• Before starting the Hydropower project, all projects must produce
a full Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) and Environmental
Management Plan (EMP). For confirming that environmental will beprotected.
• People who have an effect from the project will be giving theresettlement and improving the livelihood.
• A watershed adaptive management and participatory planning
strategy will be developed to stabilize land use, and manage
Protected Areas.
• Consultations will be conducted with all project-affected
communities.
• Yearly Revenue form hydropower project must be sharing with theEnvironment Protection Fund (EPF).
• The project needs to ensure financial and technical sustainability forthe dam longer using life.

Pico hydropower is a kind of very small hydroelectric power generate
power under 5 kW. It is useful in small and remote communities.
Which can’t access to the electricity grid. The Place require onlya small amount of electricity. For example, to power one or two
fluorescent light bulbs and a TV or radio. Pico hydropower doesn’t
need a reservoir, it’s technically run-of-stream.
Presently, around 60,000 units had been installed in all over thecountry and supply electricity to about 90,000 households.
The factors make Pico-hydro so favorite in rural Laos. Because, it’savailable at the market, easy to install and especially low cost.

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Presentation by the Y-E-S Awardees
The situation of using Pico-hydropower in rural Laos is not muchefficient. There still have number of drawbacks of using thistechnology such as:• The cable that connects the Pico-hydropower unit to theconsumption point is not insulated. So, this would be easily damage
people.
• Some cables are hung very low from improvised poles and so arewithin easy reach.
• Without the control systems, the quality of electricity is very poorand often damages lamps and other electrical equipment.
• This technology may also be inconvenient because need a daily
maintenance (e.g., taking Pico out of the water and removing
garbage).

Recently, there are number of projects aiming to improve qualityof using Pico-Hydropower in rural Laos. For example: ‘shared PicoHydropower project in Angsang village’ the village in northern part ofLaos.
The project was supported by Sunlabob and LIRE.
• The shared Pico-Hydropower system, including 2 x 1kW low headturbines with electronic or automatic Load control for better energy
quality, and a 1.5 km low voltage grid to support electricity to thevillage.
The aim of the project is to:First, to demonstrate how a rural village can use Pico-hydro as acommunity-based service.
Second, to share the financial costs and workload.
Third, to provide a safer and more reliable service for the village.
All of these are situations and solutions of energy security in Laos.
In brief:
Laos PDR is mainly base on Hydropower Plant to supply electricity forwhole country.
Beside that government of Laos has adopted some kinds ofrenewable energy to supply energy in remote area of Laos.

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Presentation by the Y-E-S Awardees

Kay Khaing Kyaw
2014 Y-E-S Awardee

Energy Pricing Policies in Myanmar

It is impossible to meet three objectives; Security of supply, least costand sustainability at the same time but any energy policy can trade
between them.

According to Energy Master Plan 2015, it is targeted to build a
new 50,000 BPD(Barrels Per Day) refinery in 2019 which is locatedclose to the Sino-Burma pipeline. Sino- Burma pipeline is shown infigure which is connected with Kumming in China and Kyaukphyu in
Myanmar. Also EMP(Energy Master Plan) targets to import diesel andgasoline and it is assumed that all LPG(Liquified Petroleum Gas) will
be imported in 2020.

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Presentation by the Y-E-S Awardees
Myanmar has 3 main refineries ; Mann Thabayakan, Thanlyin andchauk which produce petroleum. From that, 84% of petroleum is
consumed and 16% is exported.

For the natural gas balance, EMP(Energy Master Plan) forecasts thatgas demand will exceed domestic supply by around 2020.From thebar chart, industry is the highest demand which comes from fertilizer
plant. EMP(Energy Master Plan) also assumes expansion of coal fired
and hydro capacity in 2020.

In case of Natural gas consumption and export, 87% of total Natural
gas is exported and only 13% is domestic use.

According to National Energy Policy 2014, it draws 8 main targets. Of
them all, the highlighted 3 targets are important. First one is to givepriority to utilization of oil and natural gas resources within Myanmarin economic and regional development. It is also important to attract
Myanmar nationals in oil and natural gas industries and promoteprivate sector participation in energy sector.

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Presentation by the Y-E-S Awardees
As three main targets are mentioned in previous slide, some
implementations are required to their respective targets. For the
first one, it is required to fulfill domestic crude oil and natural gas
demand. It is also important to encourage foreign oil companies
and private investment. Then, it is needed to develop a new national
gas pipeline network. For the second target, private drilling andseismic exploration work are required and MOGE(Myanmar Oil and
Gas Enterprise) should become upstream operator and investor in
offshore E&P(Exploration and Production).

Underground energy resources are easiest to exploit and finite.
Therefore it is important to consider young generation in developing
energy policy. In that case, implications such as awareness of theenvironmental impacts and long term benefits of oil and gas to local
community are required.

In case of implications for pricing policies, three main components are
divided. Firstly, attraction of private investment into E&P(Exploration
and Production), mainstream and downstream and Supporting
LNG(Liquified Natural Gas) imports are based on Market-based
pricing. It is directly concerned with covering of end user supply on
costs of supply without subsidy, avoiding the risk of rising costs andchanging of world market prices effect on domestic prices .Second
component is using natural gas to promote economic development
which is based on Value-based pricing. It is concerned with prices
based on the value of gas to the user, ensuring that gas using
industries are competitive and prices below opportunity costs. Finalcomponent is transition away from fuel wood use by households
which is based on subsidizing LPG(Liquified Petroleum Gas). LPG
has to be made attractive to rural households but it has high risks ofleakage to users.

For overview of pricing position, upstream petroleum and gas
prices are already market driven. But there are still challenges indownstream prices such as household energy supplies in petroleum
products, prices to power sector and industry in natural gas and retailelectricity prices in power sector.

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Presentation by the Y-E-S Awardees
For petroleum products pricing, the main objective of switching ofrural households from fuel wood to commercial fuels (LPG). In case,
2 mechanisms are required. First one is to provide subsidized LPG tohouseholds at a price which is attractive relative to using fuel wood.
Second one is to designate LPG importer. But there are also risks
such as level of subsidies becomes unsustainable and leakage fromhouseholds to other LPG users.

Some questions are come out. Can competition be introduced in thedownstream market? As petroleum products are already in market,
do any products need to be regulated to deliver wider Government
objectives? Competition is not realistic in natural gas supply andpower sector so that continued regulation such as legal and natural
monopolies for transmission and electricity distribution and dominantmarket position for MOGE(Myanmar Oil and Gas Enterprise) will be
required.

In the presentation, 4 main energy policies (which is shown on slides)
are discussed.

These are some abbreviations which are written in the report.
LPG = Liquified Petroleum Gas
BPD = Barrels Per Day
LNG = Liquified Natural Gas
EMP = Energy Master Plan
MOGE = Myanmar Oil and Gas Enterprise
E & P = Exploration and Production

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Presentation by
the Y-E-S Awardee
Specialized in
Energy37
Honda Y-E-S Forum 2016

Presentation by the Y-E-S Awardee Specialized in Energy

Nguyen Binh Minh,
Ph.D.
2006 Y-E-S Awardee

Save Our Planet with Electric Vehicles– From the Control Engineering Point of View
As you know there are many ways to tackle the energy’s problem
and develop the eco-technologies. For example, you may know that
two years ago, Dr. Clemens got the Honda prize. He tried to compile
Mathematics, Computer Science and in the new design technologyof the motor. The Keynote speaker today, Dr. Tanaka, he tried to
improve the sustainability of nuclear power. And like Nakano sensei,
you can try to develop like high efficiency solar cells.

Honda Y-E-S Forum 2016
Achieving Energy Security Through Ecotechnology

Save Our Planet with Electric Vehicles
From the Control Engineering Point of View

I think every person has a path to follow and I myself have my way of
thinking.

It’s me on this slide, and this is my lovely EV [Electric Vehicle]. I ama Control Engineer with special interest in EV. My job is to design acontroller to improve the behavior of the EV in many aspects such as
the safety, economics, comfort, etcetera. Today, from the view pointof a Control Engineer, I will tell you how we Control Engineer cancontribute to save our mother earth with the EV.

Binh-Minh Nguyen
The University of Tokyo

Self introduction
I am a control engineer, with special intersts in electric vehicles.

Controller

My lovely electric vehicle.

Sensor

I guess many of you have seen this report, the IPCC report. You haveseen it? Raise your hand. How many of you? Okay.
So, what can we know from this report? I think this is one of the mostimportant scientific paper in this century. It states that as humanbeing, we did break the dynamic balance of the earth’s energy
system because we did burn too much carbon. Second, you may
know that in comparison with the pre-industrial revolution, global
temperature did rise 0.8°C. Is it a too small number? But the fact is if
the global temperature rose more than 2°C in comparison with thepre-industrial revolution, our society, our civilization will be destroyed
with heat rays, severe drought, floods and other term. In many placesin our earth, you can see this photo. You don’t want this to happen,
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A dangerous scenario
2oC “Guardrail”
 In comparison with the pre-industrial
revolution, global temperature did rise 0.8oC.
 If the “Guardrail” is exceeded, we would face
unprecedented heatwaves, severe droughts andfloods; our cities and countries would
experience severe disruptions and damages…
800 Gigaton Carbon Limitation
 We did burn 530 gigatons.
 We have only 270 gigatons to burn.
 Current burn rate: 10 gigatons/year We only have 27 years left.
How can we save the Earth?
 Controlling the carbon emission is the only way.

With 2014 Honda Prize
Laureate, Dr. Clemens. Say
thanks to him for his
contributions
inecotechnology for car andflights.

Presentation by the Y-E-S Awardee Specialized in Energy
right?
Here is the other important number to tell you. There’s a limitation of carbon that you can burn. This is 1,800 Gigatonof carbon. We did burn 530 Gigatons. So, with the current burn rate of 10 Gigatons per year, only 27 years left. If weburn more carbon, our world would be destroyed because we exceed the 2°C “Guardrail”. So, how can we protect
our earth? The answer is we should control the carbon emission and change the way we use and generate energy.

So, in this slide, I use some data from IEA to show that transportation
sector is one main source of carbon emission. About 23%, ranked
number two, right? And it’s because it uses fossil fuel. For morethan 100 years, we did produce too much gasoline car. And in thetransportation sector, the vehicle, especially the light weight vehicle,
takes the main responsibility for carbon emission. So, it’s natural andsimple to see that if you can drive the vehicle by electricity, you cancut down the carbon emission from the transportation sector. EV has
many advantages like low pollution, low noise level, low maintenanceand low cost per kilometer.

EV – an important solution, but…
 Transportation is one main source of carbon emission, due to the use of fossil fuel.
 In the transportation, vehicles takes the main responsibility for carbon emission.

 Driving the vehicles by electricity is the important solution.
 But, gasoline vehicles still dominate the market.

•
•
•
•

Low pollution
Low noise level
Low maintenance
Low cost per km

Global energy use from the transport sector
World CO2 emission in 2013 (Source: IEA)
in 2000 (Source: IPCC)

However, the gasoline vehicle still dominates the market. How can werealize an EV society, how can we transfer our means of transportation
to EV?

I think to realize the EV society is one of the great collaboration, andit needs the collaboration of many sectors like the government, thecustomer, the companies, the scientists and the engineer circle. For
example, as a customer, you should improve the understanding of
the global warming problem. In Japan, using a budget of one-monthsalary, I can buy a second-hand gasoline car easily. But, please do
not save much money, let's use half-year-salary to buy an EV since it isbetter to save our Earth.

Realize the EV society – A great collaboration

Government Power storage Power transfer

EV Society
Scientist&
Engineer

CustomerFirst, "very quick torque response". So, you can use the motor
torque as a control input. You may not need ABS (Anti-Break-System)
anymore, but you can directly control motor torque for anti-slip
purpose.
Second, "The torque can be measured". It’s very important that you
can estimate many motion variables, for example, the road friction
co-efficient.
Last but not least, "independent torque distribution". This means
you can control the torque of each wheel independently. Based on
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 Infrastructer Communication

 Control

So, among the scientists and engineer sector, you can see that there
are many ways of researches, such as design the power storage,
power transfer, new actuator, establishing the infrastructure for
the EV, communication and control… My field of study is only one
tiny part with tiny contribution to this figure, but I hope that its
contribution is somehow interesting to you.

Actually, EV motion control has been developed 20 years ago, andthere are many things to say about this topic. Today, I only pick up thein-wheel-motor to talk about the EV. It can be installed in each wheelof the vehicle. Based on this motor, our group at Hori-Fujimoto Lab
has developed the philosophy of EV control. My ex-supervisor, Horisensei has summarized this philosophy in several keywords.

 Actuator…

EV motion control
Advantages:

 Quick torque response

IWM Measurable torque Independent torquedistribution….
Electric Vehicle….

In-wheel-motor, an advanced
actuator for electric vehicle.

SafetyComfortAnti slip control
Yaw moment control

Pitch angle control
Roll angle control

EV Motion Control
EconomyFunTire force distribution for
optimizing the use of energy.

Autonomous driving
Adaptive cruise control

Presentation by the Y-E-S Awardee Specialized in Energy
its advantage, you can develop many controls like yaw moment control, to maintain the vehicle stability for lanechanging or cornering at high speed.
Then, I would like to show you some key words of EV motion control using certain advantage that you can develop
the behavior of EV in many aspects, like safety, comfort, economy or fun. For example economics, by optimizing the
distribution ratio of the motor torque at each wheel, you can improve the efficiency of energy uses. You can extend
the driving distance of electric vehicle with the same total energy.
I also want to show you some of the video of the test at our group. For example, this test is conducted by me. It’s
autonomous driving of electric vehicle based on the EV motor controls and active steering. And from this video,
you can see that by using the very fast torque response and the feedback loop from the motor speed to the control
system, we can improve the stability of the vehicle on the low slippery road. OK, I want to return to my slide.
From the viewpoint of control engineer, we have built the EV concept
as follow. For a single EV, I think that it should be driven by in-wheelmotor, equipped with steer-by-wire, and the power should be stored
in the super capacitor. It has the ability of wireless power transfer andfully autonomous. For example, in the future when you are driving the
car and the power is going down, you need to move to the charging
lane and it’s the automatic lane charging’s task. Then, wirelesspowertransfer-ability can help you to recharge the car and you don’t
have to stop the car anymore. So, the Electric Vehicle should be very
convenient and very interesting.

Build the EV concept - challenges for control engineers
Single EV: Driven by IWM
 Steer-by-wire Power stored in Super-capacitor
 Wireless-power-transfer ability
 Fully autonomous

Multi-agent problems:

Controller EV itself is a multi-agent system
 Platoon of Evs

EV Platoon

 EV-to-Infrastructure communication
SensorAnd there are still many challenges from the viewpoint of Control Engineer that I would like to share with you. The
EV itself is a multi-agent system in which each agent is one motor. And the platoon of EV is also another multi-agent
system. The control design is not only for a single car, but for a platoon of Electric Vehicles. The control design isbecoming very complex and it’s really a challenge that we have to overcome and develop new technologies and newcontrol theory. Moreover, look at this figure, when we have V2X system, many vehicles can connect together and also
connect to the infrastructure. How to develop the new communication and control technology for such huge system,
is a challenge for you and for me to solve.
Before I conclude my talk, I want to show you that to solve theproblems, we should imagine the future society like the Japanesechildren reading this type of manga 10 years ago. And here it is a newimagination from the 2016 Nobel Prize in Chemistry: Electric Vehicle
at Nano Scale. The electric vehicle is not that very big with the weightfrom a hundred to a thousand kilograms. It can be at a Nano Scale.
So please look at this figure and think about the future of this Electric
Vehicle and its applications.

Imagine the future EV society

From the 2016 Nobel Prize in Chemistry:
Imagine the EV in the micro and nano scale, thenew brothers in the EV family.
From a Manga Book for Children:
Imagine the green and clean society
with EV everywhere, for everyone.

This is a take home message for you coming from a book that I
bought from the Todai bookstore few months ago. And I have to
say that the whole point about climate change is that despite having
been revealed by science, this is not really an issue about science, but
this is an issue about what sort of world you want to live. So, please
think about the question, “What kind of future you want to create?”
For this question, you might take the answer from Honda foundation’s
website: “To create a truly humane civilization”. Please think about
the answer for yourself, for the countries, for the cities, for the family
as well.
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Take-Home Messages
What kind of future do we want to create?

“creation of a truly humane civilization”“Science can’t say what is right and what is wrong. Sciencecan inform, but it cannot arbitrate, it cannot decide. Sciencecan say that if we burn another half-trillion tons of carbon
the carbon dioxide content of the atmosphere will go up by
another 100 parts per million, and that will almost certainly
lead to a warming of the planet greater than 2oC, resulting
in major disruption of the climate system, and huge risks forthe natural world and human wellbeing.
But it can’t answer moral questions, value questions. Do we
care about the world’s poor? Do we care about future
generations? Do we see the environment as part of theeconomy, or the economy as part of the environment?
The whole point about climate change is that, despite
having been revealed by science, it is not really an issue
about science, it is an issue about what sort of world wewant to live in.
What kind of future do we want to create?”Industrial
Exhibition
Presentation

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Industrial Exhibition Presentation

Nikhil Nair

Chiyoda Corporation

Eco-technology/Energy Security of JapanAs the Industrial Exhibitor on this forum, Chiyoda
Corporation would like to introduce briefly a few
technologies which highlight applic ation of eco technologies as well as some which focus on securing theenergy security of Japan.

A brief introduction to Chiyoda. We are an Engineering
contractor with our core business being execution of
LNG projects, which includes providing engineering,procurement and construction services, typically known
as EPC services. Chiyoda is one of the world’s leading
LNG contractors with successful execution of huge
projects all across the globe. However, as you see here,
Chiyoda is not limited to just LNG projects and we provide
engineering services across most of the chemical & energy
industry, ranging from offshore/upstream, intermediates,
pharmaceuticals, green energy, and water management.
We have also diversified into the non-chemical sectors
such as life-sciences, space technology and infrastructuredevelopment. Chiyoda offers solutions across all phases ofa project, right from the conceptual planning of a plant to its
operation and maintenance.

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Industrial Exhibition Presentation
Of particular focus today will be another facet of Chiyoda,that is technology development with a vision of applying
eco-technologies worldwide for the benefit of society.
Japan has been at the forefront of integrating and applying
eco-technological solutions to the chemical industry for thewelfare of society. Chiyoda Corporation has been actively
involved in such technologies, with an eye also on securing
Japan’s energy security. Today, we take a look at some of
the technologies being developed at Chiyoda, with special
emphasis on the two important aspects of today’s forum,
Eco-technology & Energy Security.

-SPERA Hydrogen
A technology and supply chain system aimed at taking
Japan forward into a hydrogen-based society, moving awayfrom Carbon society.
-Methane Hydrate
A focus on ensuring Japan’s energy security based on theenormous reserves of Methane Hydrate under the ocean
floor, in the vicinity of Japan.
-CSP-MSPT:
Renewable energy technology aimed at utilizing solar
energy based on high-efficiency molten salt technology.

SPERA is Chiyoda’s proprietary technology for largescaleand long-distance hydrogen storage and transportation.
There is a conscious effort in Japan to push away fromcarbon society to greener energy, such as hydrogen. This
aids in elimination of fossil fuels since it is envisioned thateventually hydrogen will be produced from renewableenergy sources.
Hydrogen from various sources (either conventional or
renewable) is attached to toluene by conventional andwell-commercialized hydrogenation process, resulting in
Methylcyclohexane (MCH), which now becomes a carrierof hydrogen. MCH is then transported overseas in liquid
form through tankers to the user destinations. Here,MCH is dehydrogenated using Chiyoda’s proprietarydehydrogenation catalyst to release hydrogen for end uses.
The dehydrogenated MCH (now toluene), is shipped backto the hydrogen production site for further cycles.

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Industrial Exhibition Presentation
We will take a look at the significant aspects of this method
over other means of hydrogen transport.
Technology Breakthrough: Though the concept of using
Organic Chemical Hydrides (OCH) was known long ago,the process was not commercialized due to challenges
in dehydrogenation technology. Chiyoda managed toovercome this.
Technology Validation: Once the technology was conceptuallydeveloped, it was validated in 2013-14.
Convenience of Transportation: A significant advantage of
OCH is that both MCH and toluene are in liquid state under
any conditions across the globe.
Usage of Existing Infrastructure: Since they are in liquid
form, existing infrastructure can be utilized without theneed for setting up new systems.

Next, we will have a look at one of the developments withimmense potential for Japan: Methane Hydrates (MH). MH
is essentially methane, trapped in the form of hydrates,
formed under conditions of very high pressures and low
temperature. Thus, they are found below the ocean floor
and permafrost layers, which provide such ideal conditions
for formation of hydrates in the solid form.
Why is this significant for Japan? Because, Japan has
enormous reserves of MH, enough to ensure its energy
security for more than a century. This could essentially bea game-changer for Japan, which has traditionally been an
energy importer.

The south coast of Japan, called the Nankai trough, is rich in
MH with substantial resources spread across roughly 44,000
2
km . However, what has really changed the scene for Japanis the success in extracting the methane from its hydratestate. In 2013, a Japanese consortium including JOGMEC,
succeeded in extracting methane by the Depressurization
method, which has been found to be the most economicalso far. This has paved the way for MH extraction on acommercial scale.
Further improvements and technology developments are
ongoing to make it a success. Chiyoda is also a stakeholder
and member of JMH (Japan Methane Hydrate OperatingCo., Ltd), tasked with the 2nd offshore production test
next year and we are keen to contribute to Japan’s energy
security. There are various methods of possible extraction of
MH. The figure on the right indicates the Depressurization
method of extraction, which is the economically optimum
method. Additional details are provided in the poster.

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Honda Y-E-S Forum 2016

Industrial Exhibition Presentation
Finally , we take a look at Concentrated Solar Power (CSP),a means to capture solar energy. Chiyoda has invested
in CSP, focusing on MSPT (Molten Salt Parabolic Trough)technology.
A basic CSP system comprises a solar field where solarreflectors concentrate the solar energy onto a tube,
carrying some fluid to absorb this radiation and transport
it to a thermal storage section, and further to the power
generation unit. The left side of the figure shows theconventional system based on synthetic oil being used asHeat Transfer Fluid (HTF), while only the storage medium
is molten salt. On the right is the Chiyoda process, where
both HTF and storage medium is molten salt. What are theadvantages in this?
The primary limitation with using oil as an HTF is that it canbe heated only upto 390 degC, whereas molten salt can beheated upto 550 degC. In simple terms, it means a higher
percentage of solar energy is captured.
So, MSPT achieves an operating temperature difference of
2.5 times that of Hot oil system.
What this means is that significant benefits are obtainedsuch as:
1) A higher steam temperature for the power generation
turbine, and thus a higher efficiency, in the range of 16-18%.
2) The 2.5 times increase in operating temperaturetranslates to considerable reduction of thermal energy
storage volume.
3) Finally, since HTF and storage medium are the same, iteliminates the need for an heat exchanger to transfer heatfrom the HTF to the molten salt.
Keeping in mind the fact that very few companies in theworld manufacture Molten Salt Receiving tube, Chiyoda
took a significant step in securing Japan’s energy security
by investing in one such company and developing forward
the molten salt technology.

Further details can be obtained from the posters accompanying
this presentation or visit us atwww.chiyoda-corp.com/en

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Honda Y-E-S Forum 2016

Industrial Exhibition Presentation

Chiyoda Corporation

Concentrated Solar Power (CSP-MSPT)
Molten Salt Parabolic TroughPortfolio of Chiyoda Corporation
Offshore &Upstream
GeneralIndustryWa
Pro ste Wat
duc
ed W er Treatm
ater
Trea ent
tme
n

Water
Management

Services/ ExpertiseLs P NG
roc
ess
Ga

ion
grat
Inte
el
nery
Refi lean Fu
C
Met
han
ol/A
Syn romatic
gas
s

.
gg
En es
ue oriss at
Ti borLa

Environmental
Protectionind
Solar/Wain
Supply Ch
HydrogenF

S tionCC zas/ u r i
Ga sulfdei
Ac as DG
luet

Metallurgical Refining
Smelting

Metals &Mining

FEED
Phase

ing

Subsea Engg.
ConsultingA
Tra irponsp rtortgssin
roce terialsdPa
Foo nic M
tro
Elec

Infrastructure

Gas

Petroleum
Refineries

Planning
Phase

Project
Lifecycle
Engineering

Petrochemicals& Chemicals

EPC
Phase

O&M
Phase
• Established in 1948
• Global presence with projects in over 60 countries• Major Projects:
Papua New Guinea LNG Plant, 2014 (3.45 MMTPY x 2 trains)
Qatargas LNG Plant, 2010 (7.8 MMTPY x 7 trains)• Commercialized Technologies:
CT-121 (Flue Gas Desulfurization)
Biofiner (Waste Water Treatment)

Pharmaceuticals

Green
EnergyMolten Salt Parabolic Trough System

Conventional

HTF：Synthetic Oil
Storage：Molten Salt
~ 390 ℃HEATEXCHANGER

SOLAR
FIELD

290 ℃

380 ℃

THERMAL
ENERGY STORAGE

290 ℃

ChiyodaHigher Efficiency
Cost Reduction~ 375 ℃
STEAM
GENERATORSTEAM
TURBINE

CONDENSER

HTF/Storage：Molten Salt
~ 550 ℃

550 ℃

535 ℃

2.5 x ΔT
290 ℃

290 ℃

• 2.5 times lesser Thermal Energy Storage Volume• Higher Turbine Efficiency: 16-18%• Elimination of Oil-MS Exchanger

HTF: Heat-Transfer Fluid

Chiyoda & Energy Security for Japan

Successful Demonstration

Archimede Solar Energy (ASE, Italy) is oneof the very few manufacturers ofcommercialized receiver tube for Molten
Salt as HTF








 Investment in ASE as a shareholder
 Complete engineering services (EPC:

Engineering, Procurement &Construction) for the Solar Field as wellas downstream units such as power
generation/chemical plants

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Honda Y-E-S Forum 2016

DNI (Direct Normal Irradiation): 1527 kWh/m2/yr
Collecting Area: 3398m2
Solar Collectors: 6 (1 Loop)
Operating Temperature: 290～550℃
Thermal Storage Capacity: 4.27MWh
Gross Power: 0.35MWe eqvt.

Industrial Exhibition Presentation

Methane Hydrates
Existence of Methane Hydrates

Methane is trapped in
the form of hydrates,
under the ocean
floor/permafrost atvery high pressure
and low temperature

1 m3 MH = 160 Nm3 CH4

Source: U.S Department of Energy,
National Energy Technology Laboratory

Phase Diagram for Methane Hydrate

Methane Hydrate Extraction Methods

Development Schedule of Hydrate Extraction

Heating
De-pressurization Chemical/Inhibitor
Injection
Hydrate Dissociation Hydrate Dissociation
by raising temperature by lowering pressure Displacement ofMethane or byhydrate formation
inhibition© maribus

Phase-2• Analysis of technical issues during the Offshore
Production Test
• Recommendation of Economical Production Method• Evaluation of MH distribution off the Japan coast• Recommendation of Environmental Impact
Assessment methods from Offshore Production Test

2009
Phase-1

BASIC STUDY

2001• Two-dimensional seismic survey(Eastern Nankai Trough)• 1st Onshore Production Test
(Canada)2002

Three-dimensional seismic survey(Eastern Nankai Trough)2003

Exploratory Test Well Drilling

2010
2011
2012

Interim Evaluation
1st Offshore Production Test

Source: MH21 Research Consortium

2013

2004
2005

• Preparation for Offshore Production
Test• Onshore Production Test

Interim evaluation

2014

2nd Offshore Production Test

2015

Phase-2 Final Evaluation

De-pressurization Method used by JOGMEC

2006
2007

2008

• 2nd Onshore Production Test
(1st Winter, Canada)• 2nd Onshore Production Test
(2nd Winter, Canada)

1st Offshore Production Test: Phase-2
Phase-3

Phase-1 Final Evaluation

As a stakeholder and member of JMH (Japan Methane Hydrate
Operating Co., Ltd), Chiyoda can offer its expertise inengineering and offshore/subsea services for the commercial
development of the hydrate field.

2016

Preparation for Commercial
Production

2017

Comprehensive Evaluation(Economic, Environmental Impact)

2018

Project Final Evaluation* Revised schedule at end of Phase-1







Source: MH21 Research Consortium

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Honda Y-E-S Forum 2016

Extraction Duration: 6 days
Gas production: 10000-50000 m3/day
Gas Pressure/Temperature: ～ 150 kPa/15°C
Pressure fluctuations (Sudden/Steady): 1 MPa/50 kPa
By-product Water: 500 m3/day, 2 MPa/15°C

Industrial Exhibition Presentation

SPERA HYDROGEN Ⓡ System for Large-scale
H2 Storage and Transportation
Organic Chemical Hydride Method

Demonstration Plant Performance

Modification for OCH method
based on commercialized technology

R&D Capacity: 50 Nm3-H2/h (H2 storage & generation)
 Operation time: about 10,000 h

MCH

H2

H2

TolueneResources

Storage

Hydrogenation

StorageTransportation

CH 3

 Dehydrogenation (H2 generation)+ 3H2
MCH : Methylcyclohexane

Conversion: >95%

TolueneMCH H2 storage & transfer ratio: > 95%

Hydrogenation/Dehydrogenation Process

Selection of Hydride System
MCH－Toluene

Cycｌohexane －Benzene

Decalin－Naphthalene

MCH

TolueneCycｌohexane

BenzeneDecalin

Naphthalene

C7H14

C7H8

C6H12

C6H6

C10H18C10H8Recycle Gas
Compressor

H2

-3H2

-3H2

ChargeHeater+3H2⊿H = 206
kJ/mol
84.2
78.1

+3H2

Hydrogenation
Reactor

Molar mass(g/mol)+3H2⊿H = 205
kJ/mol
98.2
92.1

138.3

Phase @RT

LiquidLiquidLiquidLiquidLiquidSolid

Density(g/cm 3)

0.77

0.87

0.78

0.87

0.90

0.98

CH3

Chemical equation

-3H2

CH3

Selectivity: > 99%

Yield (H2 generation ratio): > 95%

We, Chiyoda have
Developed new dehydrogenation catalyst and processDemonstrated new process for OCH method in a pilot plant

Molecular formula

Selectivity: > 99%

Yield (H2 storage ratio): > 99%

CH 3

+ 3H2
TolueneConversion: >99%

Dehydrogenation

CH 3

CH 3

 Hydrogenation (H2 storage reaction)

Utilization

Melting point(deg.C)

-127

-95

7

6

Boiling point(deg.C)

101

111

81

80

H2 store (wt%)

6.2

－

7.2

density (kg-H2/m 3)

47

－

56

⊿H = 332
kJ/mol
128.2

Cis:-43
Trans:-30
Cis:195
Trans:186

CoolingMediumMCH
Separator

TolueneVaporizer
Product
CoolerToluene80

MCH(SPERA Hydrogen)

218

－

7.3

－

－

65

－

ChargeHeaterProduct
H2
Treatment

Dehydrogenation
ReactorHydrogen Supply Chain Concept
CH３
Wind
CSP
PV

CH３

Power Gen.
City Gas
Mobility

+3H２
TOL

MCH

Renewable Energy

MCH
Vaporizer

TOL
H2

H2
Sources

HGN

By-Product
Reforming
CO2 Gasification
EOR
CCS

Fossil Fuel

Storage
Gas
Oil
Coal

Current

HeatingMediumTolueneSeparator

EnergyFutureElectrolysis

StorageDHG

HGN: Hydrogenation, DHG: Dehydrogenation
TOL: Toluene, MCH: Methylcyclohexane

Effluent
CoolerTolueneUsers

Feedstock
Petro Refining
Chemicals

MCH

MCH(SPERA Hydrogen)

H2

Steel Mills
CO2 Recycle(Reverse Shift)

Conclusion
SPERA Hydrogen process is a highly promising technology
for large scale and long distance hydrogen storage and transportation.
Developed new dehydrogenation catalyst and processDemonstrated in 50Nm3-H2 /h scale successfully
Business developments are progressing and the hydrogen supply
chain concept has reached the first practical stage in Japan.

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Keynote Speech49
Honda Y-E-S Forum 2016

Keynote Speech 1

Yoshiaki Nakano,
Ph.D.
Professor,
The University of Tokyo

Renewable Fuel: the Pathway to Sustainable Civilization
Good Afternoon. As I was introduced, my name is Nakano, from the
University of Tokyo. As a professor of the University of Tokyo, I would
really like to thank you all for coming over to the Hongo Campus of
the University of Tokyo, which is the main campus of this university.
What I’m going to talk about today is renewable fuel. And I think thisis the only way to change the world, purely sustainable.

There is an inconvenient truth, which is unsustainability.

Most of the presenters today have already pointed out that we arefacing a severe global warming problem.

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Keynote Speech 1
There are many factors that contribute to the warming and cooling.
But the warming effect is actually larger than the cooling effect, sothat the world is now becoming warmer every decade.

We have already looked at the energy profile of each country fromthe morning presentations, from many of our Y-E-S past awardees.
This is about the world, including all the nations.
World energy consumption profile is something like this: oil, coal, gas,
they are three major parts. Nuclear, hydro and other renewables, they
are between 10% to 20%. So, in order to stop the global warming,
we have to reduce the oil, coal, gas part as soon as possible. We have
only 27 years left, that was pointed out by one presentation. And theglobal tendency of the energy consumption is growing, increasing.

And this is almost in proportion to the growth of the population or itis actually more than the proportional increase of the population andtherefore, we have a very big problem.

This is also the trend of our world energy consumption. The uppergray part is coal, this green part is oil and this red is gas. The rest
are either nuclear or renewables. Regardless of types of the energy
source the total amount is always larger, growing, and increasing.

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Keynote Speech 1
But this morning, we haven’t seen any energy profile about Japan. I
would like to show you the energy profile/portfolio in Japan, before
Tsunami, before the East Japan earthquake and disaster. We hada large percentage of nuclear and we had a very small amount of
renewables before tsunami. After tsunami, it became like this: thenuclear part shrunk very much, so that was compensated by theincrease of mostly gas usage. We became to emit more carbon
dioxide than before. This is a bad thing, but one thing good is that
if you look at the total amount, before tsunami, we used 500 megaton oil equivalent, but after tsunami, the total amount reduced to480. Today, this is actually statistics in 2015, we have increased therenewable energy portion quite a bit and also, the total amount of
the energy consumption reduced.
We are a country consuming less energy year by year. This is due tothe decrease of the population, this is one thing. The slow economy
is another thing and also the saving of energy. Energy saving becamevery much popular these days, people pay money for saving energy.
This is one thing that happened after tsunami attack. Even thoughworldwide energy usage is increasing, we might do something tostop or reduce the consumption of energy.

This is energy consumption per capita. We have seen some from the
Y-E-S awardees this morning. All of us are not so bad in terms of theenergy consumption per capita. Japan is consuming a little bit more,
but there are several countries consuming a lot; U.S., Saudi, so theworld can do something better than current situation.

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Keynote Speech 1
So, let me speak about the potential of natural energy. Maybe mostof you know this fact, the amount of energy delivered from the sun
to the Earth is very large, more than hundred petawatt. Of course,
large fraction is instantaneously reflected into outer space. But otherfraction used to drive many things, like wind, or waves, or plants,
which I will show you later. We can say that this planet’s main and only
source of energy is the sun.
The current main energies are fossil fuels of course, but they are
actually sunlight energy. Sunlight energy in the past, accumulated
sunlight energy is now being used as petroleum, coal or natural gas.
These are the current sunlight energies, the sunlight creates wind,
waves and creates the rain to make hydro power generation possible.
Also, sunlight grows the plants and that is being used as a biomass.
These are the sunlight energy of today, helping people to get theenergy out. PV(Photovoltaic) and CSP(Concentrating Solar Power),or solar thermal, they are the direct usage of the sunlight. Whereas
there are indirect usage of the sunlight energy, because light energy
is already converted into different forms.

This is the energy flow on this planet. The biggest and almost all the
input of energy is from the sun, in the form of light. Large fraction
actually reflected directly into outer space. But other portions usedin different ways: direct heating of the ground, evaporation of thewater to create the rain and snow, and some used to generate waves,convection and currents and small fraction used as photosynthesis.
This is going to become biomass. One thing nice with photosynthesis
is it is going to be stored for long time. Some became fossil fuel and
we are making use of the fossil fuel very much. Some, for example,
direct heating of the ground is going to go out again, into space as a
black-body radiation. There is some production from the interaction
with the moon, but that production is not big as compared with theseenergies.

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Keynote Speech 1
What we’ve been doing, human beings doing, is getting energy
out of the huge energy flow of this planet. We dig fossil fuel to get
the main energy. We convert some of the mass into energy which is
nuclear. We started to make use of the other source of the naturalenergies, like biomass, hydropower generation, hydro is here, thisis wind. And this is PV. PV making use of the largest fraction ofenergy flow from sunlight into daily life. Converting the large energyof sunlight into the electricity for daily life, which is very nice. We
sometimes use the tide and we sometimes use the geothermal but
unfortunately up until now, the fraction of getting natural energy fromthese energy flows has been very much small, as compared with theenergy leaking out from the ground.

What we need to do is to stop digging and make use of the othersource of the natural energies. But it is not very easy to get large
amount of energy out of the natural flow. One thing we can do is toconvert sunlight into heat,

Like this one

Or this one.
And then make steam and the steam will rotate the turbine to get theelectricity.

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Keynote Speech 1
But as you can tell, this is very indirect way of converting sunlightenergy into useful energy. So, light into heat, into mechanical motion,then electricity. Each conversion, we have a loss. This is not very
efficient way of making use of the sunlight energy.

PV is a direct conversion of light into electricity. There are manydifferent types of the PV technologies, but they are mostly quite
efficient as compared to other means of getting natural energy.
That’s the reason why many people are working on this PV.

We have these days, thin film panels, besides the traditional crystal
type of the PV cells.

You have already seen many different types of the PV cells and they
are already being deployed on the rooftop. These are the cases inJapan.

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Keynote Speech 1
And this is one big scale PV power plant already constructed in
Thailand. But we have to consider about the efficiency more seriously.

This is the chart made and updated by National Renewable Energy
Laboratory in the United States every few months. It’s showing
the conversion efficiency from sunlight into electricity. As time
progresses, we are 2016, if you look at the current situation thehighest conversion efficiency is 46%. That means we can convert
almost 50% of sunlight energy into electricity. But normal PV cells, likeshown here. They have actually very much lower efficiency than thisone. They are mostly shown by the blue line or green lines, they are
made out of silicon. And silicon, single junction solar cells theoretical
efficiency limit is around 30%. So most of the silicon cell efficiency
is reaching to the theoretical limit. And that is the reason why theefficiency doesn’t go up, and they are rather saturated. Whereas
there are several other solar cells having energy efficiency more than
30%, and it is actually increasing more and more every year because
the theoretical limit of these solar cells is up high, more than 50%,
sometimes more than 60%. We have a large room for improvement
for these solar cells.

The reason why the solar cell efficiency is not 100% is that the
sunlight contains a lot of different type of photons, different lights,
from red to violet. But not only those visible lights, but also it includes
the infrared and the ultraviolet. In order to make solar cell efficiency
100%, we have to convert visible light, UV light and the infrared lightinto electricity at the same time, which is very difficult. That is thereason why solar cell efficiency is always below 50%.

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Keynote Speech 1
There are several techniques to make absorption of all different
photons possible. One easy, simple way is to stack different PV cells,
each of them absorbing a different part of the solar spectrum. This
one absorb UV, this one visible, this one red and this one for example
infrared, to try to absorb almost all the sunlight energy.
The cell I have shown a few slides back, that 46% is actually recordedby the solar cell of this type. It is called multiple-junction type solar
cell.

This is one embodiment of such a solar cell. There is germanium solarcell, gallium arsenide solar cell, indium gallium phosphide solar cellto absorb different wavelengths or different colour of the light toproduce as high efficiency as possible.

The problem of such solar cell is that the cell itself is very expensive
as compared with the silicon. We just can’t make it big.
And also, the reason why we can’t make it big is, there is always
limitation of the material resources. It uses for example germanium
or indium, they are not very abundant on this planet. So, we need tolimit the size as small as possible. But we need to absorb the large
area of light as much as possible. So, what we do is to use optics,
lens, mirror, or any type of optics to concentrate the light onto a verysmall chip of the solar cell. This is called concentrator photovoltaics.
In short, it is called CPV.

Although the panel of CPV look quite similar to silicon PV panels,
most of the things are made out of either plastic, glass or the
metal, like iron or aluminium. We use very small amount of thesemiconductors like gallium arsenide because the chip itself is verysmall. For example, 2mm by 2mm, very tiny chip can absorb hugeamount of energy. In the CPV case, the size of the cell is no longer a
problem. The cost of the cell is no longer a problem because we usevery small chip anyway.

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Keynote Speech 1
There are many merits of the CPV, but because of the time limitation,
I will skip. One thing good with CPV is not only the efficiency is high,but also there are many rooms for the cost reduction. The silicon solarcell, we have already reduced the cost, almost as small as possible.
So, cost reduction for silicon solar cell is not very much expected fornext few decades. But CPV, there are many rooms of cost reduction.

This is our current situation but we can reduce the cost down fromthis situation to this and this. For example, one third, one fourth typeof cost reduction would be possible for the case of the CPV.
However, the biggest drawback of CPV as compared with theregular, normal, silicon PV is it requires direct insolation. If it is cloudy,
it doesn’t work. This kind of concentration doesn’t work well if it
is cloudy, if we don’t see sun directly. We need direct sunshine or
sunlight, that means this kind of cell needs to be used in the region
where sunny day is a majority. That is the reason why the costchanges with the amount of DNI(Direct Normal irradiance). High DNI
can be obtained in California or Arizona, whereas in Japan DNI is verysmall. Even Miyazaki has lower DNI than California or Arizona. If we
use CPV in Japan, cost of electricity is going to be high. But if we use
CPV in Arizona, cost is already 50% of the cost in Japan. So, this kindof solar cell needs to be used in such sunny region, or in desert.

There are many research projects going on in Japan, in Europe, in
the US, trying to create a new record of the conversion efficiency. We
are talking about who is going to be the first guy to break the 50%
conversion efficiency limit. We of course want to become the first
guy, we just can’t tell who is going to be.

Anyway, there is a real competition happening in the world toincrease the efficiency even higher. These are the records that we,Japanese project recorded, 44% for precision triple-junction cell,
38% for triple-junction cell without sunlight concentration. These are
the highest number as non-concentrator and also triple-junction cell.
But as I told you before the ultimate high efficiency is now 46%, whichis recorded by the German group. So, we are trying to beat that
number now. There are many ways that we can beat, or we can go
beyond the 50% conversion efficiency, but because of the limitationof time, I skip all these things.

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Keynote Speech 1

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Keynote Speech 1
The next big problem about the renewables, is how to overcome
the instability in time and also unevenness in space. This is of course
being solved by the energy storage. In the morning session, we havealready seen the energy storage using hydrogen, this is one of thebest ways to store renewable energy. Also, we saw in the presentationby the Chiyoda group, the hydrogen can be transported in the formof the chemical hydride. Hydrogen is great. Hydrogen is, I should say,the first renewable fuel to be utilized in the current society. This isalready being demonstrated in the morning presentation and also inthe poster session.
The most important thing is to produce hydrogen out of renewableenergy, than from the fossil fuels. The hydrogen is better than battery
if the amount of the energy stored becomes large. If the amount ofenergy stored could be small, battery will be better. It is just simply amatter of how large amount of energy you’d like to store. Battery can
only store family use of one day, so it’s not very good. Family usageof three days if you need that energy stored, then you’d better switch
to hydrogen.

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Keynote Speech 1

There are many different ways to make renewable hydrogen. One
famous way is to use photo catalyst, but we’ve been trying to makeuse of the high conversion efficiency solar cell to produce hydrogen.
So, this is a direct connection of the high efficiency solar cell withthe commercially available electrolyser, this experiment was done in
Miyazaki. Right after starting shining solar cell under the sunlight, westarted to create hydrogen and oxygen in this way by water splitting.
The solar cell itself was not very large but we can produce hydrogenand oxygen in this pace, which is very fast.

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Keynote Speech 1
By changing the connection of the high efficiency solar cells and theelectrolyzer, then we could even achieve 24% of the sunlight intohydrogen conversion efficiency. Normal PV cell gives you 10% or
15% of the sunlight to electricity conversion. This one, sunlight intohydrogen is 25%. So, one fourth of the sunlight energy could be
stored in the form of hydrogen. This is going to change the way how
you use renewable energy. There are many things that we need todo, we have also seen many examples in the poster session too. We
need to improve the water splitting technology even more, in thesense that we have to accept the unstable renewable electricity thatwill damage the electrode of the electrolyser, that problem needs tobe fixed.

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Keynote Speech 1
So, how to transport renewable energy?

This is a map, the resource map of the solar energy. We need totransport solar energy from under the equator to the remote region
like North Europe, Japan.

Then we want to transport the renewable energy by very inexpensive
way like ocean transportation.

We can do that in this way, charging under the strong sunshine, thentransport, use, and send the remaining material back and make therecycling paths like this one.

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Keynote Speech 1

We have many different options to do this. But one simple thing is toconvert the sunlight generated hydrogen into methane. This could
be called as a renewable natural gas. And this renewable natural
gas could be shipped with the fossil natural gas, in the form of liquid
natural gas. Then use them as a usual natural gas. Thereby we canchange the percentage of the natural gas used. For example, inJapan, from 100% non-green to 10% green, 20% green, 30% green,
gradually.

If we think about that sort of recyclable global energy system, thecarbon dioxide is going to be no longer a very bad guy. The carbon
dioxide will make hydrogen transportable. With the help of the
carbon dioxide, we can ship the renewable energy over very long
distance. The final goal is of course to reduce carbon dioxide directly.
That would become available in a few years.

So, this is the final slide. At this moment, the cost of the renewable
fuel like renewable hydrogen or renewable methane is higher than
the fossil fuel. But as time goes by, they will go down because thetechnology advances. Whereas the fossil one, they stay almost thesame. It goes up and goes down because of the policy or the politicalsituation. Within some years, the cost and the price will become
almost comparable between renewable fuel and the fossil fuel.

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Keynote Speech 1

From that point, the renewable fuel will be selected and the fossil fuelwill be abandoned. And from this point, the cost of the renewable
fuel will become lower than the cost of the fossil fuel. From that point,
we will become fully green. We will become free from the global
warming, free from the depletion of fossil energy. Thank you verymuch for your attention.

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Keynote Speech 2

Mr. Nobuo Tanaka
President,
The Sasakawa Peace
Foundation

Stormy Energy Future and Sustainable Nuclear PowerHi everybody, I’m very much delighted to come here. As the subject
for today is certainly energy security that is achievable by theecological technology so to speak, will nuclear play a role? This isinteresting question. As I was the former Executive Director of the
IEA, maybe you may have heard about the IEA, International Energy
Agency, headquartered in Paris. It’s an international body and its
publication is called World Energy Outlook. The newest version camethe day before yesterday, so I have not yet fully covered it so I use theold one but there’s not much difference. The new one is much more
focused by the way on the renewable energy so the new Executive
Director who succeeded me came in next week to talk about the newrenewables more than what he did last year.

The current energy focus, as you may know, is the price of oil. Priceof oil is always the issue for those engaged in the oil industry, gas
industry. The history shows that IEA was created in here, 1974 at thefirst oil shock with Arab embargo of oil. The consumer countries fell
into the panic and created the IEA to enhance security by creating
the collective stockpile of petroleum. So, to use its strategic release,and to stabilize the price was the purpose of this security, but in acouple of years later, the second oil crisis happened because of the
Iranian Revolution. Of course, after that, oil price collapsed because
the very high price induced, increase of production in other than the
Middle East, such as Russia, Mexico, North Sea, etcetera, etcetera.
Also consumer countries did a huge exercise of energy conservation,so supply exceeded demand and price collapsed. Same thing ishappening now.
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Keynote Speech 2
That is the very interesting story. Because of the very strong growthof China, it went very high to $147 per barrel in 2008. Lehman crashmade the price down but still went up, and in the autumn of 2014,
Saudi Arabia changed its oil policy by not accepting the repetition of
the mistake they did in 1990s. So rather than giving up the share of
the oil and revenue, they simply maintained the production and thatcaused a huge drop of the price. Will this low price continue as it didfrom 1990s to 2000, or will it go back to the high price? This is a very
interesting question. If I know the answer, I will be a millionaire so I
don’t know, but this shows something interesting.

This is the three major oil producers and the level of their productionin the recent years. Blue is United States and you can easily imagine
why this big increase happens. Yes, it’s shale oil, the famous story of
their innovation of producing oil from shale. Black is Russia. Russia
was very steady. Even with the price crash in 2014, it maintains
because revenue is guaranteed because Ruble, the Russian currency,
deteriorate substantially while the price of oil goes down. So, internal
revenue in terms of Ruble maintained so Russia is very sustained.
Because of share keeping policy by Saudi Arabia, United States
production of shale will stagnate and decline so now the Saudi is thenumber one producer of oil.

So, this is the kind of geopolitical rivalry of three major countries
in the energy sector. The problem of the low price is in the future
because investment is collapsing. In two years and the three years
again, the reduction of the investment may happen, means future
capacity will be definitely in short of possible demand raise indeveloping economies in Asia, India, and China.
The problem is here. This is the Middle East, and the United States’
shale revolution will not continue forever. Maybe it’s only decades.
Canadian oil sand will continue and Brazilian offshore will continue
but majority should come from Middle East because its cheap andhuge capacity potential is in Iraq, Iran and Saudi Arabia. The risk is
low price of oil, means much less revenue for the Middle East, means
Middle Eastern stability of politics will definitely be undermined.
While production capacity of these high cost countries will decline,
the global community especially Asian growing economy must
depend more and more on Middle Eastern countries, which willbe less and less politically stable. This is the risk of the low priceof oil. Low price is good thing for economy but increasing hugerisk of geopolitical nature of the oil. US is lucky because of energy
independence by the shale at least for decades.

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Keynote Speech 2
This is the vertical axis of import dependency to gas. Horizontal axis
is the import dependency of oil. So, US import of oil declines while
US becomes the exporter of gas in the future. Yes, this is China andthis is India, it’s getting deteriorating. China will import 80% of oil
and about 40% of gas in the future. Japan and Korea are stuck here
because we are already 100% importer of gas and oil and we cannot
be worse, right? We depend on 40% of gas from ASEAN countries
but ASEAN will no longer export gas for us in the future. Myanmardelegation said “yes, we need gas for domestic use”, and Indonesia
too.
Where can we buy gas? Maybe part of the United States andsomewhere here, there’s Australia, yes but expensive. So, thesecountries in purple area will be our target. But to reduce dependency
from Middle East, we have to get gas from Russia, maybe from East
Africa or Caspian. Russia is definitely important player for us. Now,
Prime Minister Abe and Mr. Putin will meet each other next monthand try to do some political deal in the Northern territory if possible
and our reliance on all of these countries certainly needs Russia in the
future. United States no longer need Russia. United States no longer
need Middle East.

See this chart. The Middle East oil will go to Asia 90% in 2035; China,
India, Japan, Korea and other ASEAN countries definitely needoil from the Middle East. The United States, no. Will United States
protect free navigation in the Strait of Hormuz or continue to commit
the Middle East peace? Now, the indication of the new president
elect, Mr. Trump, isolationism certainly worries me.
Probably Japan, Korea, China, India and other ASEAN countries
should work closely together to maintain the peace and freenavigation in the Strait of Hormuz in the future, maybe together with
the United States but who knows. Japan is ready to send maritime
minesweepers in case of emergency by changing the legislation. Will
Asian countries do the same with us? This is the geopolitical security
question. Gas is okay. Lots of different sources, so for the security
purposes as well, because its clean source for the sustainability sake.
Gas is getting more and more important, so the golden age of gas iscoming.

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Keynote Speech 2
China is preparing for the security by lots of pipelines because China
believes pipeline is much more secure than sea lane. Myanmar,
Turkmenistan, Kazakhstan and Russia provides gas and oil bypipeline. Yes, sea lane continued to be important but assertivenessof Chinese action worries neighbors, Vietnam, Philippines, Indonesia,
and Malaysia but not only these countries but the United States. This
chart is from the US Department of Defense China report last year.
Every year, this chart is getting much more in detail. This shows theAmerican concern about the Chinese Energy Policy as a national
security issue.

Russia is moving from west to east because of the shortage of gas
sources in the Western Siberia and moving to the Eastern Siberia,
and there are much bigger users; China, Pacific countries or Japanand Korea rather than Europe. And of course, the issue of Ukraine
sanction causes Russian move as geopolitics. Mr. Trump will be avery good friend of Mr. Putin and what will happen of this change to
China, Japan, and Europe and other Asian countries? We don’t know
but this is very important for the energy security of everybody. China
is using pipelines. We are not really using it enough but collectiveenergy security, say pipeline is important.

This chart shows the self-sufficiency of different countries by ranking;red is fossil fuel and green is renewable. There are many countries
who is above 100% exporters of fossil fuel, like Russia, Canada,
Australia and Norway but we started only less than 100% countries.
The Europe as EU28 is by average about 50% self-sufficient withwell-balanced between fossil fuel, renewables and nuclear. Yellow
is nuclear. Those countries with less fossil fuel and renewables use
nuclear as supplement; France, Belgium, Korea, and Japan, these are
the countries. The European case is interesting. Europe is average
here but each has different portfolio of mix but combining themby grid line connections like this. Germany can phase out nuclear
because they can import power. Electricity from France is generated
by nuclear or from Czech generated by coal and using wind in
Denmark and Baltic Sea by using big market. So, absorbing thevolatility of the renewables, like wind and solar.

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Keynote Speech 2
Can Japan and Korea without any connection to the other countries
survive without nuclear power? This is the really serious question for
us. Asian Super Grid, this is the vision for the CEO of SoftBank, Mr.
Son. His idea is connecting grid line from China, Korea to Japan.
Chinese has another strategic connectivity at state grid, and justrecently in Vladivostok, Russian president supported this concept ofAsian Super Ring of these four countries with Mr. Masayoshi Son’s
proposal. So, this kind of thing should be considered as collectiveenergy security starting in Asia. ASEAN countries are doing theconnectivity of power line as well as pipeline so they are alreadystarting to that direction.
Energy security cannot be achieved by only one country. It should
be dealt by the collective or group of the countries. I saw many ofyour presentations this morning, but what would happen if MekongRiver is blocked by the dam in Laos, can Thailand suffer? Or if there’s
plenty of energy sources, electricity in Myanmar, why not export it
through the grid connection to Thailand or as farther into Indonesia?
So, collective thinking is necessary to think about energy security inthe region. Not only one country can solve the security by itself. This
must be the lesson for everybody today.

Japan has a problem. We have two different blocks of electricity
market because frequency is different by east and west. After March
11, TEPCO lost all of the nuclear power, but connectivity between
East and West was so weak, and even with access capacity in theWest, power cannot be transmitted to the East, and caused blackout.
IEA, International Energy Agency, warned this could happen
sometime before 20 years. The government of Japan never listened
to us and learned a very severe lesson in March 11, unfortunately. So,
this kind of connectivity is very important for the sake of security but
also for the use of volatile renewable energy as European lesson told
us.

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Keynote Speech 2
This is the Japanese best mix potential. Hopefully nuclear comesback by 20% nuclear, 30% renewables and gas and coal, but aseverybody talked about this CO2 emission reduction, we needeverything; energy efficiency, fuel switching, renewables, nuclear andCCS (Carbon Capture and Storage). All of this technology must be
deployed to achieve 2°C pathway. Power sector must be zero carbon
with all of these huge renewables and quite big amount of nuclear.
This nuclear means very big. In fact, 20 more Gigawatts every year
from now to 2050, can we do that? This is difficult.

Renewables will be the major source of power. Yes, we have to learn
the technology and deployment. Yes, renewable is getting mostimportant. I can fully agree with that.

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Keynote Speech 2
US made a good case because of very cheap gas by the shale gas
revolution replacing coal and with new renewables, reducing CO2
emission and energy import and achieving economic growth : this is
triple win. It was possible for US because of shale revolution but shale
revolution cannot happen everywhere so it was very lucky for them,and energy cost for US is very low compared to Europe, Japan andeven with China in 2040. So, industrial competitiveness is so goodin the US, so United States is the single or sole winner of the energy
market.
How can Mr. Trump promote isolationism even with the sole winnerof the energy market? This is nonsense and protectionism in the tradeby the strongest player in the world makes other part of the world
very poor. So, this kind of concern should be shared by everybody
and we should tell the United States, “Hey guys, you should not go to
the isolationism, it suffers us so much”.

This clearly shows US makes a big reduction of oil by shale revolution
but also demand side efficiency.

This is car, automobile, efficiency fuel standards of automobile. So,energy independence is not only shale revolution but technology
and energy efficiency in the auto sector. This is very important. Thismeans recent move in the IEA shows that electric vehicle and solar
wind, these are the very successful two technologies, now moving.

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Keynote Speech 2
Yes, this is electric vehicle and public transportation made a huge
decarbonization in the transportation sector in addition to thedecarbonization of the power sector. This is the big challenge foreverybody. Saudi Aramco is very concerned about peak demand ofoil because of this energy technology, electricity technology. Electricvehicle makes a big difference for Saudi Arabia. This is a famous
quote of Saudi Oil Minister, Zaki Yamani, “The Stone Age didn’t end
because we ran out of stones.” “The Oil Age doesn’t end because
we ran out of oil.” This is the implication. Climate change mitigation isa very strong measure to enhance energy security. That is what Saudi
Arabia is very much worried about.

Hydrogen, we talked a lot so I omit it.

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Keynote Speech 2
Just five minutes, I’ll tell you what sustainable nuclear power is.
Nuclear is important for CO2 emission reduction. For the energy
security, yes, but majority of Japanese public do not accept only
because of the Fukushima accident. We can build more than 20
reactors, we did build 20 reactors in ‘70s but can we do it now? Thisis very difficult question. This is old traditional light-water reactor but
they should be decommissioning very soon in 2030. Quite numberof decommissioning must happen while China, India, developing
economy must rely on nuclear, but this nuclear technology mustbe safe. That is the lesson we learned from Fukushima accident;
otherwise, we suffer.

So, my proposal is, let’s go to more advanced reactors like
Generation IV, not in the third generation. This is the sustainable
technology which I call it. This movie gives you one example so called
Integral Fast Reactor(IFR), which is passive safety proven and this is areactor system with reactor and pyroprocessing, reprocessing plant,
put together integrated in the Argonne National Laboratory in Idaho.
This proved the passive safety. I went to see the plant by the way justrecently. It’s still there even it started in 1960s, so it has already been
experimented quite well and proven passive safe and easy waste
management.

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Keynote Speech 2

This is a safety experiment totally similar to the plant blackout of
Fukushima.

Suddenly, the temperature of the reactor moved up and came down
automatically without any action. It is very cheap. Also, it’s anotherbig feature is easy radioactive waste management. If you dispose
spent fuel, it takes 300,000 to 100,000 years to reduce radiotoxicity
but if these technologies applied only 300 years, 300 is still long butvery short relative to 300,000 years. So, is this better? Yes, definitely.
But will this be acceptable to Japanese public? This is interesting,very important question.

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Keynote Speech 2

This is a commercial version, not yet built anywhere but GE Hitachi
has the idea.

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Keynote Speech 2

Of course, light-water reactor was developed for submarine. If it
sank into the water, it stopped automatically because the coolant iswater but if there is no water, it may melt down so it is passive safein the water but not on shore. This is a lesson we learned. So, lightwater reactor system was so successful. The change paradigm is very
difficult.

Korea is challenging it introducing sodium fast reactor withpyroprocessing, the technology of this integral fast reactor.

I am proposing, let’s use this in Fukushima to reduce the melt down
debris because this technology is very good for that, and not only
that, but the spent fuel stored in the first, second, third unit of the
Fukushima Daiichi which cannot be transported out of the prefecture,
it should be treated there. We calculated in Sasakawa Peace
Foundation, the cost and the duration of the possible timing.

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Keynote Speech 2

Fukushima used to be a beautiful place. This is a mail. I’m sorry thisis Japanese but this is a mail from a lady who suffered the diseasein muscle and she’s from Fukushima and told me, “Mr. Tanaka, if
this technology helps the recovery of Fukushima, why don’t we try
it? Utsukushima Fukushima, the Beautiful Fukushima should betransformed into Tsukusushima Fukushima, the contributor to thetechnology in the future and this is a way to turn the devil to thefortune.”

The last slide is this. This is the statement of Dr. Nagai of Nagasaki
University. He is a victim of the bomb. He mentioned in his reportthat it was a disaster, the Nagasaki atomic bomb. But we have to use
this atomic bomb principle into the civilization and this is— “Wazawai
tenjite Fukutonasu” means— the devil will then be transformed tofortune and the many people’s victim can rest in peace.
I like this statement because we made a mistake, Japanese made a
mistake in Fukushima. Serious mistake and we lost the confidence of
global society, community in our technology especially in the nuclear
technology. Can we recover the confidence of the people to us?
Maybe only by our application of this technology in the Fukushima,
and if Fukushima people can accept it, maybe that is the way we cancontribute to the global community by the sustainable nuclear power.
Thank you very much.

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Panel Discussion

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Panel Discussion

Panel Discussion – Summary
1. Introduction
The panel discussion is one of the most expected
agenda of the HONDA Y-E-S Forum 2016. The panel
discussion was arranged after a short break following
the keynote speeches and was an opportunity to havefurther discussion into the topic of the Forum. There
were eight panelists, including six awardees fromfive countries (Vietnam, India, Laos, Cambodia and
Myanmar), and the two keynote speakers, Dr. Yoshiaki
Nakano and Mr. Nobuo Tanaka. This session wasproceeded under the facilitation of Dr. Hirohisa Uchida,
Professor, School of Engineering, Tokai University
and Executive Director of Honda Foundation. The
discussion highlights the key aspects to achieve theenergy security through eco-technology of eachcountries and for all nations as a whole.

2. Content of Discussion
Before starting the panel discussion, Dr. Uchidadelivered a short presentation to provide more
understanding about the philosophy of the term "Ecotechnology" which is defined by Honda Foundation:“Technology should be applied and used in harmony
with nature and human environment”. He also shared
the story of Japan who experienced serious pollutionsin the 50s to 70s but has step by step cleaned up theirenvironment by the Reduce-reuse-recycle actions inusing energy. He also emphasized that hydrogen is theenergy of the future for Japan.
At the beginning of the discussion, Dr. Uchida asked
the two keynote speakers to share their opinion about
the issues raised by the Honda Y-E-S awardees. Dr.
Nakano said each Asian country is facing the same
main issues that energy demand is increasing andhow to supply that demand. He also shared that eachnation would be nicely supported by the naturalenergy resource, however, we probably could find abetter solution on how to create a new era of making
use of renewable energy in terms of cost and strengths
in the future. Also, Mr. Tanaka added that besides
the technology, the way of living of people is also an
important element to reach the energy security anddeveloping a green lifestyle should become a public
purpose. Overusing of fossil fuel for economic growing
should not be a model for developing countries
and the country who succeeds in building a green
development model will be the winner of the next
generation, he emphasized. The Y-E-S Awardees
expressed their appreciation to the two keynote
speakers for their enlightening and highly informative
sharing. Each representative came to the Forum with
their country issues and searching for the solution toensure their own country energy security. Now, they
understand that one country cannot solve the problem
itself and the energy security must be thought of at a
global level.
To continue the discussion, the Y-E-S awardees
discussed the problems in energy and environmentof their countries and their idea of achieving energy
security through ecotechnology. The representatives
from Vietnam shared that their most serious problems
are the negative impact of hydropower and theexcessive consumption of energy. Vietnam currently
depends 46% on hydropower. During the dry season,
the dams caused drought to the river delta. During
the rainy season, water discharged from hydropower
escalated the flooding that has submerged thousandsof houses in the area. Vietnam plans to decrease thedependency on hydropower but they had difficulty inmeeting the excessive consumption of energy that is
doubled every ten years. Moreover, the understandingof the societ y about global warming and ecotechnology is poor. In Vietnam, it’s hard to find a bookthat explains the climate change or similar problems ina simple way for children. Thus, they need to improvethe understanding of eco-technology of the society80
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Panel Discussion
by having many books and programs, written by theexperts to explain the problems to the public. The
problem with India is the sheer magnitude because of
the population which leads to the total consumptionof energy being high. The means of power generation,
which mainly includes conventional methods leads toheavy air pollution and land pollution, due to disposalof fly ash from coal based thermal power plants. The
suggested approach to attain energy security of thecountry requires a mixed approach using appropriate
proportions of renewable and conventional methodsof power generation as no single source is sufficientand relieable to meet the complete demand of thecountry. The Government policy specially emphasises
on increasing the use of solar, wind, and nuclear
energy. India has recently initiated acquisition of
nuclear power technology and higher efficiency clean
coal technologies from Japan. The representativefrom Cambodia shared the security of electricity was
not achieved due to knowledge and illegal activitiesof people at the slum side in the city. Some people
from those areas were trying to connect wires fromtheir house directly to the cabinet without technicalsupport or skill, leading to many houses firing becauseof electrical issues in the slum area. Their suggestion ofre-organizing house design in the slum area is not only
for energy saving but also community developmentwith sustainability. The representative from Laosmentioned that hydropower is the main source ofenergy in his country. However, dam construction can
only be applied where have stream or river and energy
deficiency still happen in the rural area. Laos is looking
for renewable energy supply solutions such as biomass
or wind power to support the energy system of thecountry. The representative from Myanmar talked
about the sanitation requirement and energy especiallyelectricity requirement. In the rural area of Myanmar,
there are many areas which do not have toilets. She
would like to make solar septic tanks with reasonable
price which can also produce biogas. That biogas canalso be used as electricity for cooking and other small
uses. To add to the discussion of the awardees, Mr.
Tanaka added a comment that one of the problems ofutilizing green energy is the pricing. The low price of oil
will cause difficulty to the exploitation of green energy.
The renewable energy sources like solar or wind power
are now considered too costly for industrial using.
When there is no or low internal carbon price, using
fossil fuel makes economic sense. But if we can set
high enough internal carbon price, the corporation willconsider reducing the consumption of fossil fuel andinvest into green, energy, and eco-technology.
Also in the discussion, the representative from India
raised a question to Mr. Tanaka about the status andscope of research on Nuclear fusion which was once

seen as a clean and unending source of energy, but has
not seen any significant breakthrough in more than 40
years. He sighted nuclear fusion as a single probablesource of energy which could meet the energy
demands of his country eliminating the need of a mixof multiple sources and technologies like coal, oil, solar
and wind based power plants. Mr. Tanaka's commenton the question is that India, Japan, US, Europe,
China, Korea, Russia have been investing heavily in
the ITER (International Thermonuclear Experimental
Reactor) project spending huge amount of dollars,
unfortunately without any useful output. Nuclear fusion
is presently a matter of scientific discovery rather than
Government policy. ITER has a problem of international
collaboration, and with big facilities, space and money
being invested. However, there are many commercial
fusion companies in North America and Canada usinga very different types of technology. The Departmentof Energy and many venture capitalists are investingin these fusion companies. There is no information
yet if these different approaches are working, but ifthey work it is going to be a huge breakthrough. The
fact that venture capitalists are investing in thesetechnologies is very interesting as it hints towards
a fact that these ventures are equally a business as
science. Mr. Tanaka mentioned in particular a setup
named General Fusion in Vancouver which tries
to ignite fusion for microseconds through intensepressure in a vortex of lead. The CEO of the company
who was very confident about the approach predicted
a breakthrough in 2 years, which has not yet beenachieved. There are many such interesting trials goingon. Sun is the source of all energy, but this fusion iscreating sun on the ground.
The discussion facilitated by Dr. Uchida drew
participation from the audience, evolving into afree exchange of views and productive discussion.
One of the questions was how to collaborate
between countries in solving energy problems?
Mr. Tanaka answered that one way to get thecollaboration between countries is contributing to
the international organization. The engineers canwork in the international bodies and try to find out
the common issues and give recommendations toeach government to make difference. Since many
countries listen carefully to the reports and advice
from the international organizations, we can use
these recommendations as friendly pressure to thegovernment. Mr. Tanaka strongly recommended
the young, talented, capable people to be a staff
or member of international organizations to work
together toward the common goal of ensuring energy
security and sustainable development.

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Research
Poster Contest

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Research Poster Contest

Research Poster Contest – Summary
Introduction & Purpose
As part of the Honda Y-E-S 2016 Forum a research poster contest was held on the theme of “Achieving Energy
Security through Ecotechnology”.
The objectives of holding the poster contest on the Forum day were as follows –• To allow students and researchers to share their ideas and work
• To initiate a dialogue on innovative ideas and solutions to improve energy security• To help students develop their technical skills by getting feedback on their work
• To enable networking and collaboration in order to strengthen the momentum of finding eco-friendly solutions

Competition Scheme
The competition started with a call for posters and submission of abstracts. The competition was made open forstudents in Japanese universities and graduate schools (including foreign students) enrolled as of August 2016. The
team size was two people per team and there was no enrolment fee.
Received abstracts were evaluated on technical content along 5 dimensions – applicability (potential impact),
contribution, problem structuring, methodology of research & innovation. After the initial shortlist, teams wereinvited to showcase their posters at the Forum and to participate under the judge’s award or the audience award. For
the Y-E-S 2016 Forum we shortlisted 10 teams for the judges award and 4 teams for the audience award. Each teamshortlisted for the judge’s award was provided an opportunity to give a three minute presentation about their poster
at the Forum.

Final Results
Final presentations of the Posters were held at the Fukutake Hall at The University of Tokyo. The 10 posters shortlisted
for the judge’s prize were evaluated by an esteemed panel of senior researchers and directors at Honda Foundation.
Visual representation of concepts, technical quality and response to questions were considered to select the winner.
For the audience award, ballot papers were given to all participating members at the Forum and a final count wasmade.
The judge’s prize worth 50,000 Yen was awarded jointly to the two teams from Kyushu University for their poster
presentation on “A Novel approach for Modeling of Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Operated with Biogas” and “Flexible
catalyst material to create a direct-hydrocarbon fuel cell”. The second prize worth 30,000 Yen was given to the teamfrom Hirosaki University for their research on “Weight Analysis under Carbothermal Reduction Process of Silica for
Production of Solar-grade Silicon”. The audience prize was given to the team from Kyoto University for their posteron “How BAGUS project benefit the benign fluid from beneath”. All participating teams were given certificates ofparticipation.

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Entry List of Research Poster Contest
Finalist for 1st and 2nd Prize
Team Abstract Title

Organization

Name (Leader)A

An improvement to biodiesel production from rubber seed oilwith a high content of free fatty acids using a co-solvent method

Osaka Prefecture University

Hanh Le

B

Weight Analysis under Carbothermal Reduction Process of Silica
for Production of Solar-grade Silicon

North Japan Research Institutefor Sustainable Energy

Benioub Rabie

C

A Novel Approach for the Modeling of Solid Oxide Fuel Cell
Operated with Biogas

Kyushu University

Tran Dang Long

D

Hydrogen Energy for the Future: Generation and Storage

Yokohama National University

Bao YunE

Solar Hydrogen Production via Two-Step Overall
Water-Splitting System Consisting of Stable Oxides

University of Yamanashi

Tanigawa Satoshi

F

Realization of High Performance Cu(In, Ga)Se2 solar cell byInterfacial Control

Tokyo Institute of Technology

Nishimura Takahito

G

Flexible catalyst material to create a direct-hydrocarbon fuel cell

Kyushu University

NguyenThi Giang Huong

H

Development of proton conductive SOFC electrolyte aiming to
improve conductivity and power generation characteristics bychanging composition ratio of SrPrAlO4

Tokyo Institute of Technology

Kurahashi Yusuke

I

Sonolytical cascade extraction of sugars, medicinal compounds,
and oil from oil seeds

Osaka Prefecture University

Le Anh BangJ

Energy Harvesting based VLC System for Indoor Smart Lighting

Waseda University

Khourn Khemry

Team Abstract Title

Organization

Name (Leader)

K

Utilization of sweet sorghum bagasse as a waste of bioenergy
procesing

Kyoto University

KusumahSukma Surya

L

Thermoelectric properties of Bi2SrsRh2Oy bulk materials

University of Yamanashi

Watanabe Takuya

M Stable Supply of Powers in Introduction of Renewable Energy

Waseda University

Zuo HuN How BAGUS project benefit the benign fluid from beneath

Kyoto University

Shoedarto
Riostantieka
MayandariParticipation for Audience Award

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Research Poster Contest

1st Prize

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Research Poster Contest

1st Prize

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Research Poster Contest

2nd Prize

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Research Poster Contest

Audience Award88
Honda Y-E-S Forum 2016

Closing Remarks

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Closing Remarks

Mr. Akira Kojima

Advisor, Japan Center for
Economic ReseachDirector Kojima announced the winners of the Y-E-S
award and gave the final remarks for the day’s eventsat the forum. After a difficult discussion, the selection
committee made the surprising decision to award thefirst prize jointly to Teams C and G, two teams from
Kyushu University who both worked on the subject of
research on fuel cells, with second prize being awarded
to Team B.

Much as how Honda Motor’s founder Soichiro Honda
was motivated by “The Power of Dreams,” the director
noted the importance of the participants following
their dreams to continue their work in the field of
Ecotechnology and use new technologies like fuelcells to ease the burden on the environment as society
develops, furthering not only their individual careers,
but also working toward the ultimate goal of helping toprotect and preserve the environment for the sake ofthe future of humanity.

Director Kojima went on to praise all of the participants
for their passion, energy, and sense of mission,
encouraging them to continue striving towardachieving the focuses of their research, throughconnectivity, collective approaches, collaboration,and cooperation, to achieve CO2 reduction and asustainable balance between economic growth andenergy pressure. He drew parallels to the 1972 report“The Limit of Growth” from the Club of Rome, notingthat the United Nations has also since talked as wellabout the importance of decoupling economic growthfrom energy pressure.

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Closing Remarks

Sumeet Sanjay
Gattewar

2008 Honda Y-E-S Awardee
in India

It has been a great time for all of us today – being
in the presence of some of the great thinkers andinnovators in the field of ecotechnology.

The Y-E-S forum 2016 what a wonderful platform it has
proved to know, learn and share information on almost
everything concerning the field of energy security at
local and global levels and eco-technology in general.
From futuristic electric vehicles to advances in nuclear
energy to state of the art solar panels, methods ofhydrogen generation and storage and transportation.
From $44 wind mill to a $5,000 energy saving house.
We discussed it all.

Furthermore, the enlightening presentations fromour keynote speakers truly elevated this forum froma local to a global level holistically discussing thetechnological advancements in sustainable energy as
well as the importance of collaborative thinking andpolicies of government under various geopolitical
combinations.

Rome was not built in a day they say – and so is notgoing to be a green and sustainable future. It was,however, a great experience to know so many brilliant
minds contributing their share towards building theRome of today - and feeling myself to be a part of it.

I would like to most sincerely thank Honda Foundation
for creating such a great platform and providing uswith an opportunity to be a part of it. I wish that its
vision bring the brightest minds together and call theirattention to some of the biggest questions faced today
by human civilization soon bears fruits.

I would like to conclude here by extending the deepest
heartfelt thanks to all the dignitaries, participants,
officials and my colleagues in making this event a great
success and wishing the best for the upcoming editionsof this forum.

Thank you.

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Honda Y-E-S Forum 2016

The Way Forward

The Way Forward
Honda Y-E-S forum has been designed to engage
young scientists and engineers from Japan and other
Asian countries, including the Honda Y-E-S awardees,
in discussion with experts in various fields, on issues
in modern society examined from the perspectiveof young scientists and engineers for ecotechnology
into action. To achieve this mission, three key factors
should be considered and improved through Forums,
as follows:

Network development
We should build a strong Y-E-S Forum participant
alumni network of scientists, engineers, researchers,
and potential s tudent s by sharing ideas andopportunities for ecotechnology into action. A mailinglist of the network should be created to establish
connections. In addition, Y-E-S awardees who are
currently working on in areas related to ecotechnology
both in research and development, should be
supported from Honda Foundation to pursue theircareer. Beside the Forum, a journal of ecotechnology
should be took in account to encourage people toshare their works both in research and development.

Skill development
Firstly, a skill set for organizing the Forum (planning,writing, presentation, etc) should be carefully
annotated and documented for new PCMs. Moreover,organizing team of the Forum should create a student
section where experts could teach ecotechnologicallectures and students could learn useful skills such
as “Ecotechnology at a glance”, “Skills you need to
become a researcher” or “How to build your startup”.

Ecotechnology into action
To raise consciousness of issues in the region andproposed solutions from ecotechnology perspective,
PCM country teams should write a report about
their study to publish in local newspapers, journals
after finishing the Forum each year. In addition, thefocus should be on promoting the event to young
scientists and engineers who will make technologicalbreakthroughs. In the future, the event could be held in
different locations of the world to expand the student
and research community involved in the Forum. Each
PCM should be an ambassador to promote Honda
Y-E-S forum in their local countries.

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Contact Information of Honda Y-E-S Awardees(Honda Y-E-S Forum 2016 Preparation Committee Members)

VietnamNguyen Thi Phuong Thao

phuongnguyen@gmail.com

Nguyen The Tuyen

ntt140190@gmail.com

Vu Truong Minhminhvt810@gmail.com

India
Sumeet Sanjay Gattewar

sumeetgattewar@gmail.com

Jay Deepak Parikh

jayparikh265@gmail.com

Saumya Kapoor

saumyak12@gmail.com

Cambodia
Thorn Sopheaktra

sopheaktrathorn@gmail.com

Phon Bunheng

phonbunheng1@gmail.com

Laos
Nalinh Thoummala

nalinh1995@gmail.com

Anoulak Hongvanthonganoulakhongvanthong@gmail.com

MyanmarKay Khaing Kyaw

iamkaykhaingkyaw@gmail.com

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