歴史地震
第35号(2020) 177-186頁
受付日 2019/11/30, 受理日 2020/04/30

1925 ᖺ໭ణ㤿ᆅ㟈䛻䛚䛡䜛㟈ኸ௜㏆䛾ேⓗ⿕ᐖ䛸ᩆ᥼άື䇷ᾏ㌷ྐᩱ䛾ศᯒ䜢୰ᚰ䛻䇷ᮾி኱Ꮫᆅ㟈◊✲ᡤ㻌 ᆅ㟈ண▱◊✲䝉䞁䝍䞊*㻌 ኱㑚㻌 ₶୕

Human damage and rescue activities near the epicenter ofthe 1925 Kita-Tajima earthquake revealed by old Navy materials
Junzo OHMURA
Earthquake Research Institute, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1, Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku,
Tokyo, 113-0032 JapanThe epicenter of the Kita-Tajima Earthquake in 1925 is thought to be near the mouth of the Maruyama River. In
the area near the epicenter, many buildings collapsed and fires broke out in some villages. It is generally said thatthe closer to the epicenter, the more deaths from the earthquake. However, in this earthquake, there were areas
where the mortality rate was low despite being close to the epicenter. In some areas, the mortality rate was higheven if it was far from the epicenter. The process of occurrence of damage in these areas was clarified byhistorical records prepared by the Navy. As a result of analysis, it became clear that various factors that enlarge or
reduce human damage vary from region to region.
Keywords: Human damage, Relief activities, Imperial Japanese Navy.
㼲㻝㻚㻌 䛿䛨䜑䛻໭ణ㤿ᆅ㟈䠄໭ణ኱㟈⅏䠅䛿 㻝㻥㻞㻡 ᖺ 㻡 ᭶ 㻞㻟 ᪥ 㻝㻝᫬ 㻝㻜 ศ㡭䛻Ⓨ⏕䛧䛯 㻹㻢㻚㻤 䛾ෆ㝣ᆺᆅ㟈䛷䛒䜛䠊ᮏᆅ㟈䛾㟈ኸ䛿෇ᒣᕝἙཱྀ௜㏆䛸⪃䛘䜙䜜䠈ᘓ≀⿕ᐖ㻣㻘㻡㻝㻠 ᡞ䠈Ṛയ⪅ᩘ 㻝㻘㻞㻢㻞 ே䛾⿕ᐖ䛜Ⓨ⏕䛧䛶䛚䜚䠈⿕ᐖ䛜⃭䛧䛛䛳䛯䛾䛿෇ᒣᕝὶᇦ䛾Ἑཱྀ䛛䜙༡᪉䛾㇏ᒸ䛻⮳䜛⊃䛔ᆅᇦ䛷䛒䛳䛯㼇Ᏹబ⨾䞉௚㻔㻞㻜㻝㻟㻕䠹䠊᫨㣗‽ഛ୰䛷ⅆẼ䛾౑⏝䜒ከ䛟䠈㟈ኸ䛻㏆䛔 ᮧὠᒃᒣ㻔䛴䛔䜔䜎㻕䛷䛿㞟ⴠ䛾༙ศ䛜↝ኻ䠈ᇛᓮ⏫䛷䛿኱つᶍ䛺ⅆ⅏䛜Ⓨ⏕䛧ேⓗ⿕ᐖ䜒኱䛝䛛䛳䛯䠊㻌௒ᮧ䠄㻝㻥㻞㻣䠅䛿ᆅ㟈య㦂⪅䛾グ᠈䛻䜒䛸䛵䛔䛶䠈ึᮇᚤື⥅⥆᫬㛫䛿 ᮧ䛾⏣⤖㻔䛯䛔㻕䛚䜘䜃Ẽẚ㻔䛡䜂㻕䛷 㻝䡚㻞 ⛊䠈ᇛᓮ䜔➉㔝䛷 㻟 ⛊⛬ᗘ䛷䛒䜛䛸䛧䠈⿕ᐖ≧ἣ䜔వ㟈䛾ศᕸ≧ἣ䛛䜙䠈㟈ኸ䛿ὠᒃᒣ ᮾᓊ䛸᥎ 䛧䛶䛔䜛䠊୍᪉䛷ὠᒃᒣ䛾໭ഃ䛻ほ Ⅼ䛜䛺䛔䛣䛸䛛䜙䠈㟈ኸ䛿ὠᒃᒣ 䜘䜚䜒ᩘ 㼗㼙 ໭䛻ྲྀ䜙䛽䜀䛺䜙䛺䛔䛛䜒䛧䜜䛺䛔䛸㏙䜉䛶䛔䜛䠊䜎䛯ྠᆅᇦ䛾ึᮇᚤື⥅⥆᫬㛫䜢 㻟 ⛊ᮍ‶䛸䜏䛺䛧䛶䠈㟈※䛾῝䛥䜢 㻞㻡㼗㼙 ௨ෆ䠈䜒䛧䛟䛿 㻝㻜㼗㼙 ఩䛸⪃䛘䛶䛔䜛䠊㻌ᒣᓮ㻔㻝㻥㻞㻣㻕䛻䜘䜛䛸ὠᒃᒣ ௜㏆䛾ᮾഃ䛻⏣⤖᩿ᒙ䛜ฟ⌧䛧䛯䛸䛥䜜䛶䛔䜛䠊䛧䛛䛧䛣䛾ᆅኚ䛿ᆅ㟈ື䛻䜘䜛ᆅ⾲௜㏆䛷䛾஧ḟⓗ䛺ኚᙧ䠄ᆅ䛩䜉䜚䛻క䛖ட⿣䜔⁥ⴠᓴ䠅䛷䛒䜛ྍ⬟ᛶ䛜㧗䛔䛸䜒ᣦ᦬䛥䜜䛶䛔䜛㼇ά᩿ᒙ◊✲఍⦅㻔㻝㻥㻥㻝㻕㻧ᒸ⏣䞉ᮾ㒓⦅㻔㻞㻜㻜㻜㻕㼉䠊㻌㟈ኸ䜔㉳㟈᩿ᒙ䛾㏆ഐ䛻䛚䛔䛶䛿䠈ึᮇᚤື⥅⥆᫬㛫䛜▷䛟䠈▐᫬䛻ᘓ≀䛜ಽቯ䛩䜛䛸䛔䛳䛯せᅉ䛻䜘䛳䛶䠈ᘓ≀䛛䜙ே䚻䛜㏨䛢ฟ䛩వ⿱䛜䛺䛟䠈ಽቯᐙᒇ䛾ୗᩜ䛝䛻䛺䜛஦౛䛜ከⓎ䛧䠈ேⓗ⿕ᐖ䛜኱䛝䛟䛺䜛ഴྥ䛻䛒䜛䛣䛸䛜▱䜙䜜䛶䛔䜛䠊㻌䛯䛸䛘䜀ᐑ㔝䞉࿅㻔㻝㻥㻥㻡㻕䛿䠈᫂἞䛛䜙 㻝㻥㻡㻜 ᖺ䜎䛷䛾ᘓ⠏ᇶ‽ἲ᪋⾜௨๓䛾ᆅ㟈䜢ᑐ㇟䛸䛧䛶䠈ேⓗ⿕ᐖ䛸ᮌ㐀ᐙᒇ⿕ᐖ䛸䛾㛵ಀ䜢㟈※㊥㞳䛾どⅬ䛛䜙ศᯒ䛧䛶䛔䜛䠊ᮌ㐀ᐙᒇ䛾⿕ᐖ䛿ᆅᙧ㻔ᆅ┙㻕䛾ᙳ㡪䜢ཷ䛡䜛䛸䛾๓ᥦ䜢♧䛧䛴䛴䠈ᾏ⁁ᆺᆅ㟈䜘䜚䜒ෆ㝣ᆺᆅ㟈䛾᪉䛜䠈ྠ➼䛾ᐙᒇ⿕ᐖ⋡䛻ᑐ䛧䛶Ṛ⪅䞉㈇യ⪅䛸䜒䛻㧗䛔Ⓨ⏕⋡䜢♧䛧䠈䛣䛾ഴྥ䛿㟈※䛻㏆䛔ᆅᇦ䛻䛚䛔䛶㢧ⴭ䛷䛒䜛䛸䛧䛶䛔䜛䠊䜎䛯㟈※䛻㏆䛔ᆅᇦ䛾᪉䛜䜘䜚㐲᪉䛾ᆅᇦ䛻ẚ䜉䛶䠈ྠ➼䛾ᐙᒇ⿕ᐖ⋡䛷䛒䛳䛶䜒Ṛஸ⋡䠈㈇യ⪅⋡䛸䜒㧗䛟䛺䜛䛸䛩䜛䠊㻌㒔ྖ䞉௚㻔㻞㻜㻝㻣㻕䛿 㻞㻜㻝㻢 ᖺ⇃ᮏᆅ㟈䛻䛚䛔䛶䠈┘ど䜹䝯䝷䛾ᫎീ䛛䜙㉳㟈᩿ᒙ䛾㏆ഐ䛷䛿୍▐䛷ᐙᒇ䛜ಽቯ䛧䛯䛸㏙䜉䠈㌟䜢Ᏺ䜛వ⿱䜒䛺䛛䛳䛯䛸ᣦ᦬䛧䛶* 䛈113-0032 ᮾி㒔ᩥி༊ᘺ⏕ 1-1-1 ᮾி኱Ꮫᆅ㟈◊✲ᡤ㟁Ꮚ䝯䞊䝹: ohmuraa eri.u-tokyo.ac.jp- 177 -

䛔䜛䠊䜎䛯 㻝㻥㻞㻣 ᖺ໭୹ᚋᆅ㟈䛻䛚䛡䜛Ṛஸ⋡䛾ศᕸ䛻䛴䛔䛶䜒᫂䜙䛛䛻䛧䠈䛣䜜䜙䛾ᆅ㟈䛻䜘䜛Ṛ⪅䛿䠈㉳㟈᩿ᒙ䛻㏆᥋䛧䛯⊃䛔ᆅᇦ䛾୰䛷㞟୰ⓗ䛻Ⓨ⏕䛧䛶䛔䜛䛸㏙䜉䠈䛣䛖䛧䛯ഴྥ䛿䠈㉳㟈᩿ᒙ䛜୙᫂䛷䛒䜛Ṕྐᆅ㟈䛻ᑐ䛧䛶㉳㟈᩿ᒙ䜢≉ᐃ䛩䜛䛾䛻᭷ຠ䛷䛒䜛䛸䛧䛶䛔䜛䠊㻌୍᪉䛷䠈኱㑚㻔㻞㻜㻝㻡㻕䛿໭୹ᚋᆅ㟈䛻䛚䛡䜛ேⓗ⿕ᐖ䜢኱Ꮠู䛾⿕ᐖ⤫ィ䜢⏝䛔䛶ศᯒ䛧䠈Ṛஸ⋡䛿ఫᏯ↝ኻ⋡䛸ṇ䛾┦㛵䛜ㄆ䜑䜙䜜䜛䛸䛔䛖඲యⓗ䛺ഴྥ䜢᫂䜙䛛䛻䛧䛯䠊䛭䛾ୖ䛷䠈Ṛஸ⪅ྡ⡙䛺䛹䜢⏝䛔䛶ᆅᇦ䛾⏕ᴗ䜔ᛶู䠈ᖺ㱋䠈ᩆ᥼άື䛾᭷↓䛺䛹䠈ᆅᇦ䛤䛸䛾ᵝ䚻䛺᮲௳䛾㐪䛔䛜Ṛ⪅Ⓨ⏕䝥䝻䝉䝇䛻ᙳ㡪䜢୚䛘䠈⤖ᯝ䛸䛧䛶ேⓗ⿕ᐖ䛾つᶍ䛻ᕪ䜢⏕䛨䛥䛫䛶䛔䜛䛣䛸䜢᫂䜙䛛䛻䛧䛯䠊㻌ᮏ◊✲䛷䛿໭ణ㤿ᆅ㟈䛻䛚䛡䜛㟈ኸ௜㏆䛾ேⓗ⿕ᐖ䛾Ⓨ⏕≧ἣ䛻䛴䛔䛶䠈Ⓨ⅏┤ᚋ䛻ᩆ᥼䛻㥑䛡䛴䛡䛯ᪧᾏ㌷䛻䜘䜛ྐᩱ䜢⏝䛔䛶᫂䜙䛛䛻䛩䜛䠊ศᯒ䛻䛒䛯䛳䛶䛿ேⓗ⿕ᐖ䛾ᣑ኱䞉⦰ᑠ䛭䜜䛮䜜䛾せᅉ䛸䝥䝻䝉䝇䛻ὀ┠䛧䠈ᆅᇦ䛤䛸䛻␗䛺䜛ㅖ᮲௳䛾㐪䛔䜢㔜ど䛩䜛䠊䜎䛯⿕ᐖ䛾つᶍ䛻ᙳ㡪䜢୚䛘䛯ᪧᾏ㌷䛾ᩆ᥼άື䛾ຠᯝ䛻䛴䛔䛶䜒⡆༢䛻ゐ䜜䛯䛔䠊㻌㼲㻞㻚㻌 ேⓗ⿕ᐖ䛾≧ἣ㻌ᮏᆅ㟈䛻䜘䜛⏫ᮧู䛾Ṛஸ⋡䜢ᅗ䠍䛻♧䛧䛯䠊౑⏝䛧䛯⤫ィ䛿රᗜ┴㻔㻝㻥㻞㻢㻕䛾䛄໭ణ㟈⅏ㄅ䛅䛚䜘䜃୰ᮧ㻔㻝㻥㻞㻢㻕䛷䛒䜛䠊䛣䜜䛻䜘䜛䛸䠈ᇛᓮ⏫䛾 㻣㻚㻣㻑䛜✺ฟ䛧䛶䛚䜚䠈௚䛿㟈ኸ䛻㏆䛔 ᮧ䛷䛒䛳䛶䜒 㻜㻚㻣㻑䛸䛺䛳䛶䛚䜚኱䛝䛺ᕪ䛜䜏䜙䜜䜛䠊㻌ḟ䛻㟈ኸ௜㏆䛾 ᮧ䛸ෆᕝᮧ䛾ྛ㞟ⴠ䛾Ṛஸ⋡䜢୰ᮧ㻔㻝㻥㻞㻢㻕䛚䜘䜃ෆᕝᮧㄅ⦅㞟ጤဨ఍㻔㻝㻥㻣㻤㻕䜢⏝䛔䛶⾲ 㻝 䛻䜎䛸䜑䠈ᅗ 㻞 䛻♧䛩䠊䛺䛚ෆᕝᮧྛ㞟ⴠ䛾⿕⅏᫬䛾⥲ேཱྀ䛿୙᫂䛷䛒䜛䛯䜑䠈㻝㻥㻞㻜㻔኱ṇ 㻥㻕ᖺᙜ᫬䛾ேཱྀ䜢ඖ䛻⟬ฟ䛧䛯䠊䜎䛯⾲ 㻝 ୰䛷䠈ẕᩘ䛜୙᫂䛷䛒䜛䛯䜑ⓒศ⋡䛜ィ⟬䛷䛝䛺䛔䜒䛾䛿䠈ཧ⪃䛾䛯䜑ᣓᘼෆ䛻⿕ᐖᩘ䜢♧䛧䛶䛔䜛䠊㻌䛣䜜䛻䜘䜛䛸䠈Ṛஸ⋡䛜᭱䜒㧗䛔䛾䛿䠈㟈ኸ㊥㞳⣙㻡㼗㼙 䛾㣤㇂㻔䛿䜣䛰䛻㻕㻟㻚㻤㻑䛷䛒䜚䠈⣙ 㻠㼗㼙 䛾ᴦ䚻ᾆ㻔䛥䛥䛖䜙㻕㻞㻚㻟㻑䛜䛣䜜䛻ḟ䛠䠊㟈ኸ䛻᭱䜒㏆䛔䛸⪃䛘䜙䜜䜛䠈⏣⤖㻔䛯䛔㻕䜔ὠᒃᒣ䛿 㻝㻚㻠㻑䛷䛒䜛䠊㻌㼲㻟㻚㻌 ᾏ㌷䛾ᩆ᥼άື䛻㛵䛩䜛ྐᩱ㻌ᮏᆅ㟈䛻䛚䛡䜛ᾏ㌷䛾άື䛾ᴫせ䛻䛴䛔䛶䛿රᗜ┴㻔㻝㻥㻞㻢㻕䛻㏙䜉䜙䜜䛶䛔䜛䜋䛛䠈ᙜ᫬䛾᪂⪺䛺䛹䛛䜙䜒䛭䛾ືྥ䜢▱䜛䛣䛸䛜䛷䛝䜛䠊䛧䛛䛧ヲ⣽䛺άື䜔ᩆㆤෆᐜ䛻䛴䛔䛶䛿㏙䜉䜙䜜䛶䛔䛺䛔䠊㻌ᅗ 㻝㻌 ⏫ᮧูṚஸ⋡㻌㻲㼕㼓㻚㻝㻌㻹㼛㼞㼠㼍㼘㼕㼠㼥㻌㼞㼍㼠㼑㻌㼎㼥㻌㼠㼛㼣㼚㻌- 178 -

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ᅗ 㻞㻌 ⏫ᮧูṚஸ⋡㻌㻲㼕㼓㻚㻞㻌㻹㼛㼞㼠㼍㼘㼕㼠㼥㻌㼞㼍㼠㼑㻌㼎㼥㻌㼢㼕㼘㼘㼍㼓㼑㻌㻌䛭䛣䛷ᮏ◊✲䛷䛿ᾏ㌷┬䛾බᩥ᭩⥛䛷䛒䜛䛄኱ṇ༑ᅄᖺ㻌 බᩥഛ⪃㻌 ᕳ 㻝㻞㻢㻌 ኚ⅏䚸⅏ᐖ䚸ර஦䛅䠄㜵⾨◊✲ᡤᡓྐ◊✲䝉䞁䝍䞊ྐᩱᐊᡤⶶ䠈ㄳồ␒ྕ䠖ᾏ㌷┬㻙බᩥഛ⪃㻙㼀㻝㻠㻙㻝㻞㻢㻙㻟㻟㻠㻡䠅䛻཰䜑䜙䜜䛯䛂໭ᆠᆅ᪉㟈⅏㛵ಀ䛃㻔㻝㻕䡚㻔㻡㻕䜢୺䛻౑⏝䛧䠈䛭䛾άື䛾ヲ⣽䜢᫂䜙䛛䛻䛩䜛䠊㻌ᮏྐᩱ䛾⾲㢟䛿䛂໭ᆠ䞉䞉䞉䛃䛸䛺䛳䛶䛔䜛䛜䛂໭ణ䛃䛾㛫㐪䛔䛷䛒䜛䛸ᛮ䜟䜜䜛䠊ྐᩱ䛻䛿ᆅ㟈Ⓨ⏕䛾➨㻝 ሗ䛛䜙䠈㻝㻜 ᭶௜䛾ᾏ㌷኱⮧ᐄරᗜ┴▱஦䛾ឤㅰ≧䜎䛷䛜཰䜑䜙䜜䛶䛔䜛䠊ᾏ㌷⯙㭯せ 㒊䛾ཧㅛ㛗䜔ྖ௧ᐁ䠈ᾏ㌷┬䠈ᩆㆤ䛻㉱䛔䛯➨ 㻝㻣 㥑㏲㝲䛚䜘䜃ྠ⾜䛧䛯㌷་䠈ྛⰄ⯪䛾ሗ࿌䛾䜋䛛䠈ᾏ㌷௨እ䛻䜒᠇රྖ௧㒊䜔㝣㌷➨ 㻝㻜 ᖌᅋ␃Ᏺ㝲䛛䜙䛾㐃⤡䠈රᗜ┴▱஦䛛䜙䛾せㄳ䛺䛹䠈㛵ಀ䛩䜛ྛ㒊⨫䛾᝟ሗ䛾䜔䜚ྲྀ䜚䛜཰䜑䜙䜜䛶䛔䜛䠊㻌䛺䛚ᮏྐᩱ䛾୰䛻䛿 㻡 ᭶ 㻟㻝 ᪥䛻⯙㭯せ 㒊ྖ௧ᐁ୰㔛㔜ḟ䛛䜙ᾏ㌷኱⮧㈈㒊᙭䛻ᐄ䛶䛯䛂ᇛᓮ᪉㠃㟈⅏ᩆㆤሗ࿌䛃㻔䛂໭ᆠᆅ᪉㟈⅏㛵ಀ䛃㻔㻝㻕ᡤ཰㻕䛜཰䜑䜙䜜䛶䛔䜛䠊ᮏሗ࿌䛿රᗜ┴㻔㻝㻥㻞㻢㻕䛻ᥖ㍕䛾䛂ᅄ䠈⯙㭯せ 㒊䛾ᩆ᥼ᥐ⨨䛃䛾ෆᐜ䛸㓞ఝ䛧䛶䛚䜚䠈䛣䛾ሗ࿌䜢䜒䛸䛻㟈⅏ㄅ䛾ཎ✏䛜సᡂ䛥䜜䛯䛸⪃䛘䜙䜜䜛䠊䛧䛛䛧ಶேྡ䜔బୡಖ㙠Ᏺᗓ䛛䜙䛾ฟືၥ䛔ྜ䜟䛫䛾㒊ศ䠈Ⰴ⯪䛻䜘䜛↓⥺㟁ಙ䛾㏻ಙ୰⥅䛻㛵䛩䜛㒊ศ䛺䛹䛜๭ឡ䛥䜜䛶䛔䜛䠊㻌㻌㼲㻠㻚㻌 ⯙㭯せ 㒊䛾ฟື䛸ᩆㆤάື㻌⯙㭯せ 㒊䛿 㻝㻥㻜㻝䠄᫂἞ 㻟㻠䠅ᖺ䛻㛤ᗇ䛧䛯⯙㭯㙠Ᏺᗓ䛜䛭䛾๓㌟䛷䛒䜚䠈ᆅ㟈Ⓨ⏕ᙜ᫬䛿 㻝㻥㻞㻟䠄኱ṇ㻝㻞䠅ᖺ䛾䝽䝅䞁䝖䞁㌷⦰᮲⣙䛻䜘䜚せ 㒊䛻᱁ୗ䛢䛥䜜䛶䛔䛯䠊ᮏᆅ㟈䛻䛚䛔䛶⯙㭯せ 㒊䛿㌷Ⰴ䛂᫓᪥䛃䠈㥑㏲Ⰴ䛂ᴮ䛃䛂ᒣ㢼䛃䛂ᾏ㢼䛃䛺䛹䜢ὴ㐵䛧䛶ᩆ᥼άື䛻䛒䛯䛳䛯䠊䛣䜜䜙䛾⾜ື䛾ᴫせ䛿රᗜ┴㻔㻝㻥㻞㻢㻕䛻グ䛥䜜䛶䛔䜛䠄⾲ 㻞䠅䠊㻌䛣䛣䛷䛿䛂໭ᆠᆅ᪉㟈⅏㛵ಀ䛃䜢䜒䛸䛻୺䛻㥑㏲Ⰴ
䛂ᴮ䛃䛂ᒣ㢼䛃䛾ᩆ᥼άື䛻䛴䛔䛶䜎䛸䜑䜛㻔⾲ 㻟㻕䠊䛂ᴮ䛃䛂ᒣ㢼䛃䛻ᦚ஌䛧䛯ᩆㆤ⌜䛿䠈ୖ㝣ᚋ䛻㟈ኸ௜㏆䛾⿕ᐖ⃭⏒ᆅᇦ䛻䛚䛔䛶ᩆㆤάື䜢⾜䛳䛶䛚䜚䠈ᩆㆤ⌜䛾ሗ࿌䛿Ⓨ⅏┤ᚋ䛾⿕ᐖ≧ἣ䛜ุ᫂䛩䜛㈗㔜䛺
グ㘓䛷䛒䜛䠊ᩆㆤ⌜䛿ὠᒃᒣ䛚䜘䜃ᇛᓮ࿘㎶䛷ᩆㆤάື䜢ᒎ㛤䛧䛶䛚䜚䠈ྛᆅᇦ䛻䛚䛡䜛㈇യ⪅䛾⑕≧ู⤫ィ䛚䜘䜃ேⓗ⿕ᐖ䛾Ⓨ⏕≧ἣ䛜ุ᫂䛩䜛䠊㻌㻌㻠㻚㻝㻌 㥑㏲Ⰴ䛂ᴮ䛃䛂ᒣ㢼䛃䛾⾜ື㻌ᆅ㟈Ⓨ⏕䜢䛖䛡䛶䠈⯙㭯せ 㒊䛷䛿➨ 㻝㻣 㥑㏲㝲ᛂᛴฟືⰄ䛻ฟື‽ഛ䛜࿨䛨䜙䜜䛯䠊᭱ึ䛻ฟື‽㻌

- 179 -

㻌නɻ෥௿གྷߕ෨͹‫׈‬ಊ֕གྷ
㻌7DEOH$FWLYLWLHVE\1DY\0DL]XUX3RUW㻌ೖ࣎‫׈‬ಊ಼༲
㻌  ஦෥௿Ӽ͖Δ͹࿊ཙͲ๝Ԯ෡ۛ͹రಕ㻌ͳు৶͗෈௪Ͳ͍Ζࢭ͹ๅࠄ͗೘Ζ㻌 ৿෥௿Ӽ͖Δ͹ు࿫Ͳ৕࡜๏໚͹අ֒㻌য়‫ڱ‬ΝஎΕɾʰॡೖʱɾ୊ۨ஠ୄͶ㻌ड़ಊΝໍͣΖ㻌 ʰԁʱ͗෥௿Νड़ߕ㻌 ʰॡೖʱ͗੤‫ڹ‬Νड़൅㻌 ʰԁʱ͗௣‫ࢃڋ‬Ͷ౺஥㻌 ʰࢃ෫ʱͶೖ࣎Ͷड़ಊͤΖࢭໍྫ㻌  ʰԁʱ‫ޤٻ‬ൟ͗৕࡜Ͷ౺஥ɾ࣎ʛ࣎
㻌ൔΉͲ‫׈ޤٻ‬ಊ㻌 ʰॡೖʱ͗௣‫ࢃڋ‬Ͷ౺஥͢ఃࡱʀ‫ޤٻ‬㻌 ʰࢃ෫ʱ͗෥௿Νड़൅㻌 ʰԁʱΝ஝໼ʀࣴࢃ๏໚͹ఃࡱͶ޴͖㻌ΚͦΖ㻌 ʰࢃ෫ʱ͗௣‫ࢃڋ‬Ͷ౺஥㻌 ʰࢃ෫ʱ‫ޤٻ‬ൟ͗‫ॶޤٻ‬Ν֋અ͢‫׈‬ಊ㻌 ʰࢃ෫ʱͶࣴࢃ๏໚Νఃࡱͦ͠Ζ㻌 ʰॡೖʱͺ໎௉‫ߕؾ‬ɾʰࢃ෫ʱʰք㻌෫ʱͺ‫ޤٻ‬କߨ͹ໍ͗ԾΖ㻌㻌   ʰॡೖʱ͗௣‫ࢃڋ‬Νड़൅ ʰॡೖʱ͗෥௿Ͷ‫ߕؾ‬㻌 Ҳ෨‫ޤٻ‬ൟΝ࢔͢‫ߕؾ‬͹ໍ͗ԾΖ㻌 ʰԁʱ͗௣‫ࢃڋ‬Νड़൅㻌 ʰԁʱ͗෥௿Ͷ౺஥㻌㻌   ʰࢃ෫ʱ͗‫ޤٻ‬ൟΝభफɾ॰յ‫ޤٻ‬Ͷ઀Ε଺͓Ζɿ
㻌㻌   ʰք෫ʱ͗෥௿Νड़൅ ʰք෫ʱ͗௣‫ࢃڋ‬Ͷ౺஥㻌 ʰք෫ʱ͗෥௿Ͷ‫ߕؾ‬㻌㻌 ʰࢃ෫ʱ͗෥௿Ͷ‫ߕؾ‬㻌ഛ䛜࿨䛨䜙䜜䛯䛾䛿㥑㏲Ⰴ䛂ᒣ㢼䛃䛷䛒䛳䛯䠊䛧䛛䛧䛂⯙せカ௧➨༑஧ྕ䝙౫䝸୍้䝰⊰ண䝇䝦䜹䝷䝃䝹䞀▱䛃䛳䛯䛣䛸䛻䜘䜚䠈㻝㻡 ᫬ 㻟㻜 ศᒣ㢼䛾ฟື䜢ྲྀ䜚䜔
䜑䠈㥑㏲Ⰴ䛂ᴮ䛃䛻ฟື‽ഛ䜢࿨䛨䛯䛸䛒䜛䠊䛣䜜䛿
䛂ᴮ䛃䛜䛂ᒣ㢼䛃䜘䜚䜒‽ഛᡤせ᫬㛫䛜ᑡ䛺䛔䛯䜑䛷䛒䜛䛸グ䛧䛶䛔䜛䠊㻌‽ഛ䛜᏶஢䛧䛯䛂ᴮ䛃䛿 㻝㻣 ᫬ 㻞㻡 ศ䠄රᗜ┴㻔㻝㻥㻞㻢㻕䛚䜘䜃௚䛾ሗ࿌䛷䛿 㻝㻣 ᫬ 㻝㻡 ศ䠅䛻㏿ຊ 㻞㻠 䝜䝑䝖䛷ὠᒃᒣ䛻ྥ䛛䛳䛶䛔䜛䠊㻝㻥 ᫬ 㻡㻜 ศ䛻฿╔䛧䛯䛂ᴮ䛃䛿䠈ྛ᪉㠃䛾ⅆ⅏䜢┠ᧁ䛧䠈㌷་኱ᑚ 㻝䠈ᑡᑚ 㻝䠈௨ୗ 㻞㻜 ྡ䜢⋡䛔䛶ὠᒃᒣ䛻ୖ㝣䛧䠈ᩆㆤ⌜䛻䜘䛳䛶㈇യ⪅䛾ᡭᙜ䜢⾜䛺䛳䛯䠊ྠ᫬䛻ᑡᑚ 㻝䠈ୗኈᐁ 㻠 䜢ഄᐹ䛾䛯䜑䛻ᇛᓮ䛻ὴ㐵䛧䠈㈇യ⪅䛿䛺䜛䜉䛟 㻝 䞄ᡤ䛻㞟ྜ䛩䜛䜘䛖⏫䛾ᙜᒁ䛻ఏ䛘䛶䛔䜛䠊㻌୍᪉䛷䠈ὠᒃᒣ䛷䛿Ẹᐙ䛜䜎䛥䛻ᘏ↝୰䛷䛒䜚䠈ఫẸ䛿᫖ᖺ᪂⠏ⴠᡂ䛧䛯ᑎ㝔䛾ᘏ↝䜢㜵䛤䛖䛸䛧䛶䛔䛯䠊䛧䛛䛧ᾘ㜵䝫䞁䝥⏝䛾䜺䝋䝸䞁䛜Ḟஈ䛧䛶ᾘⅆᅔ㞴䛸䛺䛳䛶䛔䛯䛯䜑䛻䠈䛂ᴮ䛃䜘䜚䜺䝋䝸䞁䜢⿵⤥䛧䠈㜵ⅆ㝲䜒ὴ㐵䛧䛶ᑎ㝔䛾㜵ⅆ䜢㐩ᡂ䛧䛯䠊㻌䛄኱㜰ᮅ᪥᪂⪺䛅኱ṇ 㻝㻠 ᖺ 㻡 ᭶ 㻞㻟 ᪥ྕእ䛻䜘䜛䛸䠈㻝㻠 ᫬ 㻠㻜 ศ䛻኱㜰ᕷ䛾ᇛᮾ⦎රሙ䜢㣕䜃❧䛱 㻝㻣 ᫬㻞㻥 ศ䛻ᖐ╔䛧䛯ྠ᪂⪺♫䛾㣕⾜ᶵ䛜䠈෇ᒣᕝἙཱྀ
௜㏆䛻㞟⤖䛩䜛Ⓨືᶵ⯪䜢☜ㄆ䛧䛶䛔䜛䠊䛣䜜䜙䛿ྛᆅ䛛䜙฿╔䛧䛯Ẹ㛫䛾ᩆ᥼䛷䛒䛳䛯䛸グ䛧䛶䛔䜛䛜䠈䛂ὠᒃᒣ䛾ⅆ䛻ጉ䛢䜙䜜䛃䛂ᢡゅ䛾ᩆ᥼㝲䜒኱ศᅔ㞴䜢䛧䛶䜠䜛ᵝᏊ䛃䛷䛒䜛䛸ሗ䛨䛶䛔䜛䠊ὠᒃᒣ䛾ⅆ⅏䛜཰᮰䛧䛯䛣䛸䛻䜘䜚䠈䛣䛖䛧䛯Ẹ㛫䛾ᩆ᥼㝲䜒෇ᒣᕝ䜢㐳ୖ䛧䛶ᇛᓮ䠈㇏ᒸ᪉㠃䛻ྥ䛛䛖䛣䛸䛜䛷䛝䛯䛸⪃䛘䜙䜜䜛䠊㻌㻞㻞 ᫬ 㻠㻜 ศ䠈䛂ᴮ䛃ᩆㆤ⌜䛿ὠᒃᒣ䛻䛚䛡䜛ᩆㆤ䜢⤊䛘䠈㝣㊰䛷䜢ᇛᓮ䛻ྥ䛛䛳䛯䛜䠈㻞㻠 ᪥ 㻞 ᫬ 㻟㻜 ศ䛻㕲㐨䛜㛤㏻䛩䜛䜎䛷䠈䛹䛣䛾ᩆㆤ䜒᮶䛺䛛䛳䛯䛸グ䛧䛶䛔䜛䠊䛭䛾ᚋ 㻞㻠 ᪥䛂ᴮ䛃䛿᪩ᮅ䛻ஂ⨾὾‴䛾ഄᐹ䛻㉱䛟䛣䛸䜢Ỵᐃ䛧䠈஌ဨ䛿ᩆㆤ⌜䜢ṧ䛧䛶ᖐⰄ䛧䛯䠊㻌㻞㻠 ᪥ 㻡 ᫬ 㻝㻜 ศ䠈ᇛᓮ䛻ṧ䛳䛯ᩆㆤ⌜䛿་⒪ရ䛜ᑾ䛝䛯䛯䜑䠈ᇛᓮ䜢ᘬ䛝ᥭ䛢䛶 㻢 ᫬ 㻝㻡 ศ䛻䛂ᴮ䛃䛻ᖐⰄ䛧䛶䛔䜛䠊㻤 ᫬ 㻟㻜 ศ䠈ஂ⨾὾ഄᐹ䛛䜙ᖐ䛳䛶䛔䛯
䛂ᴮ䛃䛿䠈ḟ䛻ὠᒃᒣ௨す䛾ἢᓊㄪᰝ䜢࿨䛨䜙䜜䠈➉㔝䠈ᰘᒣ᪉㠃䛻㉱䛝䠈㻝㻟 ᫬ 㻝㻝 ศ෌䜃ὠᒃᒣ䛻ᡠ䛳䛯䠊㻌㻥 ᫬ 㻟㻜 ศ䠈㻣 ᫬䛻⯙㭯䜢ฟⓎ䛧䛶䛔䛯䛂ᒣ㢼䛃䛜ὠᒃᒣἈ䛻฿╔䛧䠈ⓎືỶ⯪䛻䜘䛳䛶≉ูᩆㆤ⌜䛸㣗ᩱ䜢㝣ୖ䛢䛧䛯䠊䛣䛾㡭䠈ὠᒃᒣ䛻䛿᪤䛻 㻞㻜 ྡ䛾་ᖌ䛜฿╔䛧䛶䛚䜚䠈䛣䜜䛻㣗ᩱ䜢⤥୚䛧䠈Ỉ㊰䜢ᇛᓮ䛻ྥ䛛䛳䛶䛔䜛䠊㻝㻝 ᫬䛂ᒣ㢼䛃䛾ᩆㆤ⌜䛿ᇛᓮ䛻฿╔䛧䠈㥐๓䛻䛶ኳᖥ䜢ᙇ䛳䛶ᩆㆤ䜢㛤ጞ䛧䠈ᢸᯫ㝲䜢ὴ㐵䛧䛶ᝈ⪅䜢཰ᐜ䛧䛯䠊㻌㻞㻡 ᪥ 㻤 ᫬䠈䛂ᒣ㢼䛃䛿㌷་኱ᑚ௨ୗ 㻤 ྡ䜢ὠᒃᒣ䛻ὴ㐵䛧䠈㈇യ⪅䛾ຍ⒪䛻䛒䛯䛳䛶䛔䛯䛜䠈㻝㻢 ᫬ 㻝㻡ศ䠈㟁࿨䛻䜘䜚䛂ᒣ㢼䛃䜢ṧ䛧䛶䛂ᴮ䛃䛿⯙㭯䛻ྥ䛛䛔䠈㻝㻤 ᫬ 㻡㻜 ศ䛻ᖐ 䛧䛯䠊㻞㻢 ᪥ṇ༗䛻䛿䠈ᇛᓮ䛻䛔䛯䛂ᒣ㢼䛃䛾ᩆㆤ⌜䜢࿨௧䛻䜘䜚᧔཰䛧཰ᐜ䠊෌ᗘᇛᓮ䛚䜘䜃 ᮧ᪉㠃䜢ᕠᅇᩆㆤ䛧䛶䛔䜛䠊㻌- 180 -

㻌නɻ෥௿གྷߕ෨ॶ଒͹֦෨ୄ͹‫׈‬ಊ
7DEOH$FWLYLWLHVRIHDFKXQLWEHORQJLQJWRWKHQDYDO0DL]XUX3RUWೖ࣎৖ॶ  

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

௣‫ࢃڋ‬
‫ٳ‬ඔශ
৕࡜
௣‫ࢃڋ‬
ʷ
௣‫ࢃڋ‬
௣‫ࢃڋ‬
෥௿
௣‫ࢃڋ‬
৕࡜
௣‫ࢃڋ‬
௣‫ࢃڋ‬

ԁ

 


 




௣‫ࢃڋ‬
௣‫ࢃڋ‬
෥௿
෥௿
௣‫ࢃڋ‬
௣‫ࢃڋ‬
௣‫ࢃڋ‬

‫׈ޤٻ‬ಊ͹଩ͬ઀Εͳ෥௿΃͹‫ؾ‬౦ΝໍͣΔΗΖ
௣‫ࢃڋ‬Νड़൅෥௿Ͷ‫ߕؾ‬ʰԁʱͶ౧৒͢෥௿Νड़൅௣‫ࢃڋ‬Ͷ౺஥͢໌Ͳ‫ޤٻ‬ൟΝૌ৭͢௣‫ࢃڋ‬ଞ઩஥৖઴͹߁৖Ͳ‫׈ޤٻ‬ಊ໌Νਏྏ
ఃࡱ͹ๅࠄΝ͑͜৕࡜Ͷ޴͖͑ʤ౏஦‫ޤٻ‬Νߨ͑ʥ

‫ٻ‬






৕࡜
৕࡜

໢Ւ͹஦Ν৕࡜Ͷ౺஥͢॰յਏྏΝߨ͑໌ͶԢ‫ٺ‬घ౲ͱΝߨ͏Ґ‫ޛ‬ௌ͹ܱվͶ͍ͪΖ



 


 



 

৕࡜
௣‫ࢃڋ‬
௣‫ࢃڋ‬
௣‫ࢃڋ‬
෥௿
෥௿
෥௿
௣‫ࢃڋ‬
৕࡜
৕࡜

৕࡜Νड़൅
‫ޤٻ‬ൟ͗௣‫ࢃڋ‬Ͷ໯Ζ̗໌͹‫ޤٻ‬ൟΝૌ৭͢ͱߕଞͳ௣‫ࢃڋ‬ଞ͹࠸ਏྋͶ͍ͪΕ‫؍ؾ‬௣‫ࢃڋ‬Νड़൅෥௿Ͷ‫ߕؾ‬෥௿͹බӅΝड़൅ʰࢃ෫ʱͶส৒͢ͱ෥௿Νड़൅௣‫ࢃڋ‬Ͷ౺஥͢৕࡜Ͷ޴͖͑৕࡜Ͷ౺஥͢‫ݓׯ‬ͶཔԋΝๅࠄɻ৕࡜Ӽ͹੤ೈͶళປΝ௃Ε‫׈ޤٻ‬ಊΝߨً͑জ͢৕࡜Ͳ͹ਏྏΝߨ಼͑ઔಋ࣎Ͷ಼ઔଞ͹པೖʀֺʓӞʀ‫ރ‬ౣʀ൩୫๏໚Ͷ‫ޤٻ‬ൟΝഁ‫ͤݥ‬Ζ

ʷ
৕࡜
৕࡜
৕࡜

઴ೖಋ༹Ͷ౲௜ഓ஖Νߨ͑৕࡜͹ਏྏΝ֋࢟ʰࢃ෫ʱ‫؍‬ௗΓΕ৕࡜͹‫ॶޤٻ‬͹భ‫ͳڊ‬௣‫ࢃڋ‬๏໚͹॰յ‫ޤٻ‬ΝໍͣΔΗΖ
৕࡜͹‫ޤٻ‬Νิฎ୊࿊ୄ‫ޤٻ‬ൟͶӀ͘‫Ͳ͏ܩ‬৕࡜Νభୂ

௣‫ࢃڋ‬
௣‫ࢃڋ‬

௜ͬͶ௣‫ࢃڋ‬ʀੋ‫ރ‬๏໚͹॰յਏྏͶॊࣆʰࢃ෫ʱͶ‫؍ؾ‬

෨ୄ

ॡ
ೖ

ߨಊ
ʰଐΏ͖ͶԌ‫؝‬য়‫ڱ‬Νఃࡱๅࠄͤ΄͢ʱͳ͹௪ๅͶંͤΖ੤‫ڹ‬Νड़ߕ
௣‫ߕࢃڋ‬Ͷ౺஥͢ఃࡱୄͳ‫ޤٻ‬ୄΝ৕࡜Ͷഁ‫ݥ‬‫ع‬஥͹ʰԁʱ͕Γ;बว͹൅ಊ‫ؽ‬઩ΓΕ৚ๅफॄΝߨ͑໎௉෥௿ߕͶ‫ͳ͢΄ͤߕؾ‬͹ໍྫΝ͑͜Ζ
෾ୄௗҐԾ໌Ͳ௣‫ͳࢃڋ‬৕࡜๏໚Νఃࡱ‫ޤٻ‬ൟͳͳ΍Ͷ‫؍ؾ‬‫ۂࡠޤٻ‬Ν஦ࢯ͢෥௿Ͷ‫ߕؾ‬ʰࢃ෫ʱ͹ड़ಊΝखΕࢯΌʰԁʱͶड़ಊ६ඍΝໍͣΖଐྙόρφͲ෥௿Νड़൅௣‫ࢃڋ‬Ͷ౺஥͢ͱ໌Ͳ৏཰͢‫ޤٻ‬ൟ͗ෝউं͹घ౲Νߨ͑ఃࡱୄΝ৕࡜Ͷഁ‫͢ݥ‬௣‫ࢃڋ‬͹๹Ւ‫׈‬ಊͶ͍ͪΖ

ԁ






ࢃ




෫

‫ޤ‬
ୄ

ࢃ

௣‫Ͳࢃڋ‬͹‫ޤٻ‬Νश͓཰࿑Ͳ৕࡜Ͷ޴͖͑૥௉Ͷ‫ٳ‬ඔශ๏໚ΝఃࡱͤΖ͞ͳΝ݀ఈ͢‫ޤٻ‬ൟΝ࢔͢ͱ‫؍ؾ‬ҫྏ඾͗ਜͪͪ͘Ό৕࡜ΝҲ୶Ӏ৏͝‫ޤٻ‬ൟ͗৕࡜ΓΕ‫؍ؾ‬ఃࡱͶΓΕ‫ٳ‬ඔශ๏໚͹අ֒͗൓໎ͪͪ͢Ό௣‫ࢃڋ‬Ґ੤͹Ԍ‫؝‬௒ࠬΝໍͣΔΗΖ
ఃࡱΓΕ௣‫ࢃڋ‬Ͷ໯Ζ෥௿‫ߕؾ‬ΝໍͣΔΗΖ
෥௿Ͷ‫ߕؾ‬௣‫ࢃڋ‬Ͷ౺஥͢ͱ‫ޤٻ‬ൟͳৱྋΝ཰༴͝৕࡜Ͷ౺஥͢Ӽ઴ͶళປΝ௃ͮͱ‫׈ޤٻ‬ಊΝ֋̖࢟໌Ν௣‫ࢃڋ‬Ͷഁ‫ޤٻ͢ݥ‬Νߨ͑ໍྫͶΓΕ৕࡜͹‫ޤٻ‬ൟΝభफ͢ʰࢃ෫ʱͶफ༲࠸ౕ৕࡜͕Γ;ູଞ๏໚Ν॰յ‫ޤٻ‬





෫
‫ٻ‬






‫ޤ‬
ୄ






ʷ



௣‫ࢃڋ‬

ీ݃ʀ‫ـ‬ർʀ௣‫ࢃڋ‬ʀੋ‫ރ‬Ͷ͕͏ͱ॰յਏྏ



ʷ



௣‫ࢃڋ‬

ʰք෫ʱΓΕ‫ޤٻ‬ൟસ෨Ӏ৏͝͹ໍྫΝఽ͓ΔΗ‫ޗ‬઴͹॰յൟͺʰࢃ෫ʱͶส৒



෥௿

ʰࢃ෫ʱͶส৒ͪ͢‫ޗ‬઴॰յൟ͗෥௿Ͷ౺஥



෥௿

ʰք෫ʱͶส৒ͪ͢‫ޛޗ‬͹॰յൟ͗෥௿Ͷ౺஥͢‫ޤٻ‬ൟΝմࢆʰࢃ෫ʱͶ‫؍ؾ‬౩ౣʀঘౣͶ͕͏ͱ॰յਏྏ

- 181 -㻞㻣 ᪥ 㻝㻝 ᫬ 㻡㻥 ศ䛂ᒣ㢼䛃䛾ᩆㆤసᴗ䜢ᡴ䛱ษ䜚䠈⯙㭯䛻ᖐᢞ䛩䜉䛧䛸䛾㟁࿨䛜Ⓨ௧䛥䜜䛯䠊୍᪉䠈㻝㻞 ᫬㻟㻜 ศ䠈㥑㏲Ⰴ䛂ᾏ㢼䛃䛻ཧㅛ௨ୗᖥ൉ 㻣 ྡ䛜౽஌䛧䛶ὠᒃᒣ䛻ྥ䛛䛔 㻝㻡 ᫬䛻฿╔䠈䛂ᒣ㢼䛃䛿 㻝㻡 ᫬ 㻟㻜ศ䛻ὠᒃᒣ䜢ฟⓎ䛧 㻝㻤 ᫬䛻⯙㭯䛻ᖐ 䛧䛯䠊䛣䜜䜢㏣䛖䜘䛖䛻䛂ᾏ㢼䛃䜒 㻝㻢 ᫬ 㻟㻠 ศ䛻ὠᒃᒣ䜢ฟⓎ䛧䠈㻝㻤᫬ 㻡㻠 ศ⯙㭯䛻ᖐ 䛧䠈䛣䜜䜢䜒䛳䛶⯙㭯せ 㒊䛾ᩆ᥼άື䛿⤊஢䛧䛯䠊㻌䛣䜜䜙䛾Ⰴ⯪䛾ᵝᏊ䛿⌧ᆅ䛻㉱䛔䛶䛔䛯グ⪅䛻䜘䜚᪂⪺䛷䜒ሗ䛨䜙䜜䛶䛔䜛䠊䛄኱㜰ᮅ᪥᪂⪺䛅኱ṇ 㻝㻠ᖺ 㻡 ᭶ 㻞㻠 ᪥ྕእ䛻䛿䠈෇ᒣᕝ䛾Ἑཱྀ㏆䛟䛻㥑㏲Ⰴ 㻝㞘䠈㐲䛟䛂᫓᪥䛃ᆺ㌷Ⰴ䛜 㻝 㞘䠈䛔䛪䜜䜒Ⰴ㤳䜢Ἑ䛾᪉䛻ྥ䛡䛶◽Ἡ䛧䠈䝪䞊䝖䜔䝷䞁䝏䛜⋵ල䜢ᩓ䜙䛩䜘䛖䛻ᕝ䛸Ⰴ䛸䜢 ᮶䛧䛶䛔䜛䛸グ䛧䛶䛔䜛䠊䜎䛯ྠ⣬኱ṇ 㻝㻠 ᖺ 㻡 ᭶ 㻞㻢 ᪥ᮅห䛿 㻞㻡 ᪥䛾≧ἣ䛸䛧䛶䠈ὠᒃᒣ䛾䛂Ἀྜ䛿䜛䛛䛻⯙㭯㌷ 䛛䜙஧㞘䛾㥑㏲Ⰴ㻔ᴮ䞉ᒣ㢼㻕䛜஧༑୕᪥䛸ᅄ᪥䛻ධ 䛧䛶䜠䜛䛃䛾䛜ぢ䛘䜛䛸グ䛧䛶䛔䜛䠊ྠ⣬䛿䛣䛖䛧䛯ᩆㆤάື䛻䛴䛔䛶䠈䛂䛹䜜䛰䛡⨯⅏Ẹ䛯䛱䛻ᚰᙉ䛔Ẽᣢ䛱䜢୚䜈䜛䛣䛸䛛䛸䛃䛸㏙䜉䛶䛔䜛䠊㻌
㻌㻠㻚㻞㻌 䛂ᴮ䛃ᩆㆤ㝲䛾సᴗሗ࿌㻌
䛂ᴮ䛃ᩆㆤ⌜䛾άື䛿➨ 㻝㻣 㥑㏲㝲㌷་㛗ᾏ㌷㌷་኱ᑚⶶ㤶ḟ㑻䛾ሗ࿌䠈䛂ణ㤿ᆅ᪉㟈⅏ᩆㆤሗ࿌䛃㻔䛂໭ᆠᆅ᪉㟈⅏㛵ಀ䛃㻔㻟㻕ᡤ཰㻕䛻グ䛥䜜䛶䛔䜛䠊㻌䛣䜜䛻䜘䜛䛸㥑㏲Ⰴ䛂ᴮ䛃䛻ᦚ஌䛧䛯ᩆㆤ⌜䛿䠈㻞㻟᪥ 㻝㻣 ᫬ 㻝㻡 ศ䛻⯙㭯䜢ฟⓎ䛧䠈㻝㻥 ᫬ 㻡㻜 ศὠᒃᒣ฿
╔ᚋ䠈㌷་኱ᑚⶶ㤶ḟ㑻௨ୗ 㻝㻟 ྡ䛷ᩆㆤ⌜䜢⤌⧊䛧䠈ὠᒃᒣ䛻ୖ㝣䛧䛶ᩆㆤసᴗ䜢⾜䛺䛳䛯䠊㻌ᩆㆤ⌜䛿ὠᒃᒣᮧ䛾⯪╔ሙ๓䛾ᗈሙ䛻⮫᫬ᩆㆤᡤ䜢タ䛡䠈ẚ㍑ⓗ㍍യ䛾ᝈ⪅䜢཰ᐜ䛧䛯䠊䜎䛯ఏ㤿⯪䜢೉䜚䛶䠈Ⓨືᶵ⯪䛻㑊㞴䛧䛯㔜⑕ᝈ⪅䛾ᛂᛴᥐ⨨䛻䛒䛯䛳䛶䛔䜛䠊㻞㻞 ᫬ 㻟㻜 ศ䜎䛷デ⒪䛧䛯㈇യ⪅ᩘ䛿 㻟㻜 ྡ䛷䛒䛳䛯䠊㻌㻝 㝲䜢℩ᡞᮧ䛻䜒ὴ㐵䛧䛶ᛂᛴᡭᙜ䛶䜢⾜䛳䛯ᚋ䠈ᇛᓮ᪉㠃䛛䜙䛾ഄᐹሗ࿌䜢䛖䛡䠈㻞㻞 ᫬ 㻠㻡 ศ㻔๓㏙䛾
ሗ࿌䛷䛿 㻠㻜 ศ㻕䛻ὠᒃᒣ䜢ฟⓎ䛧䛶෇ᒣᕝἢᓊ䜢ᇛᓮ䛻ྥ䛛䛳䛯䠊㏵୰䛻䜒‫‮‬἞ᐈ䛺䛹 㻝㻥 ྡ䛻ᡭᙜ䜢⾜䛔䠈㻞㻠 ᪥ 㻜 ᫬ 㻝㻜 ศ⊛ⅆ䛾୰䠈ᇛᓮ⏫䛻฿╔䛧䛯䠊㥐๓ᗈሙ䛻ᩆㆤᡤ䜢タ䛡䛯䛜䠈ⅆ⅏䛷ΰ㞧䛧䛶䛔䛯䛯䜑䠈⿕⅏⪅䛾㑊㞴ඛ䜢ᕠᅇデ⒪䛩䜛᪉䛜㐺ᙜ䛸ุ᩿䛧䠈㥐䛛䜙஧ே䛾᱌ෆ⪅䜢㐃䜜䛶䠈㥐⿬✵ᆅ䠈ᇛᓮ㑹እ䛾௒ὠ䞉᱈ᓥ䠈ᆅⶶ‫‮‬௜㏆䛺䛹䛷ᩆㆤ䜢⾜䛔䠈㻟᫬ 㻟㻜 ศ䜎䛷⣙ 㻡㻜 ྡ䛻ᛂᛴᡭᙜ䛶䜢⾜䛺䛳䛯䠊㻟 ᫬㻟㻜 ศ䛛䜙 㻡 ᫬䜎䛷䛿ᇛᓮ⏫䛾㆙ᡄ䛻䛒䛯䜚䠈㻡 ᫬ 㻝㻜ศ䛻ᇛᓮ⏫䜢ฟⓎ䛧䛶 㻢 ᫬ 㻝㻡 ศ䛻ᖐⰄ䛧䛯䠊㻌㻞㻡 ᪥䛻䛿 㻥 ྡ䛾ᩆㆤ⌜䜢⤌⧊䛧䠈 ᮧ䛸ὠᒃᒣᮧ䛾෌デ⒪䛻䛒䛯䜚䠈㻝㻡 ྡ䛾ᡭᙜ䜢⾜䛺䛳䛶 㻝㻡 ᫬ 㻟㻜ศ䛻ᖐⰄ䛧䛶䛔䜛䠊㻝㻢 ᫬ 㻝㻡 ศ䛻䛿䛂ᴮ䛃䛾ᖐᢞ䛜࿨䛨䜙䜜䛯䛯䜑䛂ᴮ䛃䛻஌Ⰴ䛧ὠᒃᒣ䜢ฟⓎ䠈㻝㻤 ᫬ 㻡㻜 ศ⯙㭯䛻ᖐ 䛧䛯䠊㻌
䛂ᴮ䛃ᩆㆤ⌜䛜デ⒪䛧䛯ᝈ⪅ᩘ䛿⣙ 㻝㻞㻜 ྡ䛷᣸യ䛜᭱䜒ከ䛟䠈ḟ䛔䛷ษ๰䛸᤬᣸䛷䛒䛳䛯䠊䛣䜜䜢኱䛝䛟ὠᒃᒣᆅ༊䛸ᇛᓮᆅ༊䛻ศ䛡䜛䛸⾲ 㻠 䛻䛺䜛䠊㻌ሗ࿌䛷䛿ὠᒃᒣ䛻䛚䛔䛶㈇യ⪅䛻ዪᛶ䛜ከ䛛䛳䛯䛣䛸䜢ᣲ䛢䠈⌮⏤䛸䛧䛶Ⓨ⅏ᙜ᫬䠈⏨ᛶ䛿ฟ⁺୰䛷䠈ዪᛶ䛜ᒇෆ䛷⅕஦䛺䛹䜢⾜䛺䛳䛶䛔䛯䛯䜑䛷䛒䜛䛸㏙䜉䛶䛔䜛䠊⾲ 㻠 䛾ὠᒃᒣᆅ༊䛾ᝈ⪅ᩘ䜢ぢ䛶䜒ዪᛶ䛾㈇യ⪅䛿⏨ᛶ䛾 㻞 ಸ௨ୖ䛸䛺䛳䛶䛚䜚䠈᣸യ䛾ᝈ⪅䛜ከ䛔䛣䛸䛜䜟䛛䜛䠊㻌䜎䛯ᇛᓮ⏫䛻䛚䛔䛶䛿‫‮‬἞ᐈ䛜❆䜺䝷䝇䛾◚∦䛺䛹䛷ษ๰䜢㈇䛳䛯䜒䛾䛜ከ䛛䛳䛯䛸ሗ࿌䛧䛶䛔䜛䠊⾲㻠 䛾ᇛᓮᆅ༊䛾ᝈ⪅ᩘ䛻䜘䜛䛸䠈᭱䜒ከ䛔䛾䛜᣸യ䛾㻟㻜 ྡ䠈ḟ䛻ከ䛔䛾䛜ษ๰䛾 㻝㻢 ྡ䛷䛒䜛䠊ὠᒃᒣᆅ༊䛷䛿ษ๰䛾ᝈ⪅䛜䛔䛺䛔䛣䛸䛸ẚ㍑䛩䜛䛸䠈ษ๰䛜ከ䛔䛣䛸䛜≉ᚩ䛸䛔䛘䜛䠊䜎䛯ᇛᓮ䛷䛿ᝈ⪅ᩘ඲య䛷䜏䜛䛸⏨ዪᕪ䛿䜋䜌䛺䛟䠈ὠᒃᒣᆅ༊䛸䛿␗䛺䜛ഴྥ䛜䜏䜙䜜䜛䠊㻌
㻌㻌 නɻ௣‫ࢃڋ‬ஏ͕ۢΓ;৕࡜ஏۢ͹ෝউं
㻌 7DEOH̒1XPEHURILQMXULHVLQ7VXL\DPDDUHD
DQG.LQRVDNLDUHD㻌৕࡜ஏۢ㻌 ௣‫ࢃڋ‬ஏۢ஋ ঃ ෈໎ ‫ܯ‬஋ ঃ ‫ܯ‬㻌࠵উ    ࠵উ   㻌Ւউ   ࠵૓   㻌೩࠵   ઀૓   㻌ࠐ઄   Ւউ   㻌೩࠵   㻌ࠐ઄   㻌‫    ܯ‬‫   ܯ‬㻌㻠㻚㻡㻌 䛂ᒣ㢼䛃ᩆㆤ㝲䛾సᴗሗ࿌㻌
㥑㏲Ⰴ䛂ᒣ㢼䛃ᩆㆤ⌜䛾⾜ື䛿⯙㭯せ 㒊㒊ဨᾏ㌷㌷་኱ᑚ୰ᓥ᪂స䛾ሗ࿌᭩䛂ᇛᓮ᪉㠃㟈⅏ᩆㆤ䝙㛵䝇䝹సᴗሗ࿌䛃㻔䛂໭ᆠᆅ᪉㟈⅏㛵ಀ䛃㻔㻞㻕ᡤ཰㻕䛻グ䛥䜜䛶䛔䜛䠊⦅ᡂ䛿㌷་⛉ኈᐁ 㻞䠈┳ㆤර᭪ 㻠䠈┳ㆤර 㻝㻜 䛾ィ 㻝㻢 ྡ䛷䛒䛳䛯䠊㻌ᩆㆤ⌜ဨ䛿 㻞㻠 ᪥ 㻣 ᫬䛻㥑㏲Ⰴ䛂ᒣ㢼䛃䛻౽஌䛧䛶⯙㭯䜢ฟ 䠈㻥 ᫬ 㻟㻜 ศ䛻ὠᒃᒣ䛻฿╔䛧䛶䛔䜛䠊฿- 182 -

╔ᚋ䠈ඛ䛻฿╔䛧䛶䛔䛯䛂ᴮ䛃䛜೉⏝䛧䛶䛔䛯ⓎືỶ⯪䛻䠈ᩆㆤ⌜ဨ䛸䛂ᒣ㢼䛃䛾Ỉර 㻝㻜 ྡ䠈ᩆㆤᮦᩱ䜢ᦚ㍕䛧䛶෇ᒣᕝ䜢㐳ୖ䛧䠈㻝㻝 ᫬ 㻟㻜 ศᇛᓮ䛻฿╔䛧䛯䠊㻌ᩆㆤᡤ䛿ಽቯ䜢ච䜜䛯ᐙᒇෆ䛻タ⨨䛩䜛䛣䛸䜢᳨ウ䛧䛯䛜䠈వ㟈䛜ከ䛟༴㝤䛸ุ᩿䛧䠈ᇛᓮ㥐䛛䜙す༡䛻⣙ 㻝㻜㻜㼙 㞳䜜䛯ᗈ䛔✵ᆅ䛾୰ኸ䛻ኳᖥ䜢タ⨨䛧䛯䠊ධཱྀ䛻䛂⯙㭯せ 㒊ᩆㆤ⌜䛃䛸኱᭩䛧䛶ᥖ♧䛧䠈㌷Ⰴ᪝䛸㉥༑Ꮠ᪝䜢ᥖ䛢䠈ኳᖥᚋ༙䛻ẟᕸ䜢ᩜ䛔䛶㔜യᝈ⪅䛾཰ᐜᡤ䛸䛧䠈๓༙䜢デ⒪䛚䜘䜃἞⒪ྎ䠈ᶵᲔྎ䛺䛹䜢タ⨨䛧䛶䛔䜛䠊ኪ㛫䛿䛣䜜䜙䛾ྎ䜢∦௜䛡䛶඲㒊䛻ẟᕸ䜢ᩜ䛔䛶⌜ဨ䛾ᐷᡤ䛸䛧䠈ධཱྀ䛻㧗ᙇᥦⅉ䜢ᥖ䛢䛯䛸䛒䜛䠊㻌ᩆㆤάື䛻䛴䛔䛶䛿䠈⿕ᐖᆅᇦ䛜ẚ㍑ⓗ⊃䛟䠈஺
㏻ᶵ㛵䛜᪩䛟᚟ᪧ䛧䛯䛯䜑ྛ᪉㠃䛛䜙䛾ᩆㆤ⌜䛜ከᩘ᮶╔䛧䛯䛸㏙䜉䠈䛭䛾ୖ䛷ᆅ㟈ᚋ䛾ⅆ⅏䛜㠀ᖖ䛻㏿䛟㔜യ⪅䛿䜋䛸䜣䛹↝Ṛ䛧䛶䛧䜎䛳䛯䛯䜑䠈デ⒪సᴗ䛜⦾ᛁ䛻䛺䜙䛪䠈୎ᑀ☜ᐇ䛻ฎ⨨䛷䛝䛯䛸グ䛧䛶
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ᅗ 㻟 㟈⅏ᆅ䛻䛚䛡䜛䛂ᴮ䛃ᩆㆤ㝲㻌 රᗜ┴㻔㻝㻥㻞㻢㻕㻌㻲㼕㼓㻚㻟㻌㻰㼑㼟㼠㼞㼛㼥㼑㼞㻌㻎㻱㼚㼛㼗㼕㻎㻌㼞㼑㼟㼏㼡㼑㻌㼟㼝㼡㼍㼐㻌㼕㼚㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼐㼕㼟㼍㼟㼠㼑㼞㻌 㻌㼍㼞㼑㼍㻌䛄኱㜰ᮅ᪥᪂⪺䛅኱ṇ 㻝㻠 ᖺ 㻡 ᭶ 㻞㻠 ᪥ྕእ䛻䛂ୖ㻌㝣䛧䛯㥑㏲Ⰴ䛄ᴮ䛅䛾ᩆㆤ㝲䛃䛸䛧䛶ྠ䛨෗┿䛜㻌ᥖ㍕䛥䜜䛶䛔䜛䛣䛸䛛䜙䠈㻞㻟 ᪥ኪ䡚㻞㻠 ᪥᪩ᮅ䛾㻌ᵝᏊ䛸ᛮ䜟䜜䜛䠊㻌㼲㻡㻚㻌 ⪃ᐹ㻌⯙㭯せ 㒊䛾ᩆ᥼άື䛚䜘䜃ᩆㆤሗ࿌䛛䜙䠈ᮧὠᒃᒣ䛚䜘䜃ᇛᓮ⏫䛻䛚䛡䜛⿕ᐖ䛸ேⓗ⿕ᐖ䛾ᣑ኱䞉⦰ᑠせᅉ䛻䛴䛔䛶⪃ᐹ䛩䜛䠊㻌㻡㻚㻝㻌 㥑㏲Ⰴ䛂ᴮ䛃䛾ฟື䛸ᩆ᥼άື㻌⯙㭯せ 㒊䛷䛿ฟື䛻㝿䛧䛶㎿㏿䛺ᑐᛂ䛜䜏䜙䜜䛯䠊ฟື࿨௧䜢䛖䛡䛯➨ 㻝㻣 㥑㏲㝲䛿ฟືⰄ⯪䜢‽ഛ䛻᫬㛫䛾䛛䛛䜛䛂ᒣ㢼䛃䛷䛿䛺䛟䠈䛂ᴮ䛃䛸஺௦䛥䛫䜛䛺䛹䛧䛶 㻝㻥 ᫬ 㻡㻜 ศ䛻ὠᒃᒣ䛻฿╔䛧䛶䛔䜛䠊䛣䜜䛿ጲ㊰᠇ර㝲䛾ඛ㐵㒊㝲 㻟 ྡ䛜 㻝㻥 ᫬ 㻠㻜 ศ䛻㇏ᒸ䛻฿╔䛧䛯䜒䛾䛸ྠ➼䛾㏿䛥䛷䛒䜛䛜䠈ᩆㆤேဨ䜔ᩆ᥼≀㈨䜢ᦚ㍕䛧䛶㟈ኸ䛻㏆䛔⿕ᐖ⃭⏒ᆅᇦ䛻㉱䛔䛶䛔䜛䛸䛔䛖Ⅼ䛛䜙䠈⤖ᯝⓗ䛻䜘䜚ຠᯝⓗ䛺ᩆ᥼䛻䛺䛳䛯䛸ゝ䛘䜛䠊䛂ᴮ䛃䛾฿╔䛜㐜䜜䛶䛔䜜䜀䠈ὠᒃᒣ䛾ⅆ⅏⿕ᐖ䛜ᣑ኱䛧䛶䛔䛯ྍ⬟ᛶ䛜㧗䛔䠊䛺䛚ᮏ◊✲䛷⏝䛔䛯ᩆㆤ⌜䛾ሗ࿌䛿䠈௚䛾ᩆ᥼䛜฿╔䛧䛶䛔䛺䛔≧ἣ䜢ሗ࿌䛧䛯䜒䛾䛷䛒䜛䛸䛔䛖Ⅼ䛷䠈Ⓨ⅏┤ᚋ䛾⌧ᆅ䛾≧ἣ䛜ุ᫂䛩䜛ྐᩱ䛸䜒ホ౯䛷䛝䜛䠊㻌ᮏᆅ㟈䛷䛿ᾏ㌷䛰䛡䛷䛺䛟䠈㝣㌷䜒᪩䛔ẁ㝵䛛䜙ฟື䛧䛶䛔䜛䠊㌷㝲䛾⅏ᐖฟືไᗘ䛿᫂἞ᮎᮇ䛻☜❧䛧䛶䛚䜚䠈ฟື䛩䜛ሙྜ䛿䠈䐟ᗓ┴▱஦䛾せㄳ䛻ᇶ䛵䛟ฟື䛸䠈䐠⾨ᡀྖ௧ᐁ䛾ุ᩿䛻䜘䜛ฟື䛾 㻞✀㢮䛾᪉ἲ䛜つᐃ䛥䜜䛶䛔䛯䠊䛥䜙䛻ᮏᆅ㟈䛾 㻞 ᖺ๓䛻Ⓨ⏕䛧䛯኱ṇ㛵ᮾᆅ㟈䜢ᩍカ䛸䛧䛶䠈㝣㌷䛿䛭䜜䜎䛷㞴䛧䛛䛳䛯ᖌ⟶䜔⾨ᡀᆅ䜢㉺䛘䛯ฟື䜢‽ഛ䛧䛶䛔䛯᫬ᮇ䛷䛒䛳䛯䠷ྜྷ⏣㻔㻞㻜㻝㻢㻕䠹㻌රᗜ┴㻔㻝㻥㻞㻢㻕䛻䜘䜛䛸䠈㟈⅏ᆅ䛻㝣㊰䛷ฟື䛧䛯㝣㌷➨ 㻝㻜 ᖌᅋ␃Ᏺ㝲䛿䠈ᖌᅋྖ௧㒊᮲౛➨ 㻡 ᮲䠄䛂ᖌᅋ㛗䝝ᆅ᪉㛗ᐁ䝶䝸ᆅ᪉䝜㟼ㅧ䞀⥔ᣢ䝇䝹Ⅽරຊ䝜ㄳồ䞀ཷ䝍䝹䝖䜻஦ᛴ䝘䝺䝝┤䝙அ䝙ᛂ䝇䝹䝁䝖䞀ᚓ䠊඼䝜஦ᆅ᪉㛗ᐁ䝜ㄳồ䞀ᚅ䝒䝜㐦䝘䜻䝖䜻䝝රຊ䞀௨䝔౽ᐅฎ⨨䝇䝹䝁䝖䞀ᚓ䠊๓㡯䝜ሙྜ䝙᪊䝔䝝㝣㌷኱⮧ཬཧㅛ⥲㛗䝙ሗ࿌䝅ᮾி䝙ᅾ䝸䝔䝝ᮾி⾨ᡀ⥲╩䝙䝰ሗ࿌䝇䝦䝅䛃䠄䛄ᐁሗ䛅㻝㻥㻝㻤 ᖺ 㻡 ᭶ 㻟㻝᪥䠅䠅䛻ヱᙜ䛩䜛≧ἣ䛸ุ᩿䛧䠈ྛ㒊㝲䜢ὴ㐵䛧䛶䛔䜛䠊䛧䛛䛧䛣䜜䛻ᒓ䛩䜛Ṍර➨ 㻠㻜 㐃㝲␃Ᏺ㝲㻔㫽ྲྀ㻕䠈Ṍර➨ 㻟㻥 㐃㝲㻔ጲ㊰㻕䠈ᕤර➨ 㻝㻜 ኱㝲㻔ᒸᒣ㻕䛚䜘䜃ጲ㊰᠇ර㝲䛺䛹䛿䠈㕲㐨䛾୙㏻䜔஌᥮㥐䛾ΰ㞧䠈ᶵᮦ䛾ከ䛥䛺䛹䛷⛣ື䛻ᅔ㞴䜢᮶䛧䛶䛚䜚䠈฿╔䛜㐜䜜䛶䛔䛯䠊䛄኱㜰ᮅ᪥᪂⪺䛅኱ṇ 㻝㻠 ᖺ 㻡 ᭶ 㻞㻠 ᪥ྕእ䛿䠈ᒣ㝜᪉㠃䛸㐃⤡䛩䜛࿴⏣ᒣ㥐䛿⨯⅏⪅䜔ᩆ᥼䛻᮶䛯ே䚻䛷ᡓሙ䛾䜘䛖䛺㦁䛞䛷䛒䜛䛸グ䛧䛶䛚䜚䠈䛣䛖䛧䛯≧ἣ䛻㊊Ṇ䜑䛥䜜䛶䛔䛯䛸⪃䛘䜙䜜䜛䠊㻌䜎䛯➨ 㻝㻢 ᖌᅋ䛾Ṍර➨ 㻞㻜 㐃㝲㻔⚟▱ᒣ㻕䜒䠈㟈⅏ᆅ䛿⾨ᡀᆅእ䛷䛒䛳䛯䜒䛾䛾䛂₇⩦䛾ྡ䛾䜒䛸䛻 㻞 ಶ୰㝲䜢䛃ὴ㐵䛧䛯㻔䛄኱㜰ᮅ᪥᪂⪺䛅኱ṇ 㻝㻠 ᖺ 㻡 ᭶ 㻞㻠᪥ᮅห㻕䠊⾨ᡀᆅ䛜㟈⅏ᆅ䛻㏆䛔䛯䜑䠈ẚ㍑ⓗ᪩䛟㟈⅏ᆅ䛻฿╔䛧䛯䛸⪃䛘䜙䜜䜛䠊䛧䛛䛧㕲㐨䛜୙㏻䛻䛺
䛳䛶䛔䛯䛯䜑䛛䠈㇏ᒸ㥐䛛䜙ᇛᓮ㥐䜈䛾⛣ື䛻㝿䛧- 183 -

ᇛᓮ㥐䛾⣙ 㻠㼗㼙 ༡䛷Ỷ㌴䛛䜙ୗ㌴䛧䠈ᚐṌ䛷ྥ䛛䛳䛶䛔䜛䠊㻌䛣䛖䛧䛯㝣㌷䛾ฟື䛻ᑐ䛧䛶䠈⯙㭯せ 㒊䛾㒊㝲䛿Ⰴ⯪䛷ᾏ㊰䜢⯟⾜䛧䛯䛯䜑䛻㝣ୖ䛾஺㏻⛣ືᡭẁ䛾㏵⤯䛻ᝎ䜎䛥䜜䜛䛣䛸䛜䛺䛟䠈ᾏ㌷䛾≉ᛶ䛜ά䛛䛥䜜㎿㏿䛻ฟື䛷䛝䛯䛸䛔䛘䜛䠊㻌㻝㻥㻞㻤䠄᫛࿴ 㻟䠅ᖺ䛻⯙㭯⏫㛗䛺䛹㛵ಀ⏫ᮧ䛾㐃ྡ䛷䛂⯙㭯㙠Ᏺᗓ᚟άㄳ㢪᭩䛃䛜ฟ䛥䜜䠈⯙㭯 䛾せ㒊䛛䜙㙠Ᏺᗓ䜈䛾᱁ୖ䛢䜢ᾏ㌷኱⮧ᒸ⏣ၨ௓䛻㢪䛔ฟ䛶䛔䜛䠊䛣䛾㊃ព᭩䛾୰䛷 㻝㻥㻞㻣 ᖺ䛻Ⓨ⏕䛧䛯໭୹ᚋᆅ㟈䛻䛚䛡䜛⯙㭯せ 㒊䛾ά㌍䛻ゐ䜜䠈䛂ᒣ㝜໭㝣➼᪥ᮏᾏἢᓊᆅ᪉䝜ᆅ㟈ᖏ䝘䝹䞀㆑䝸䝔䝝┈䚻ᾏ㌷䝜᪋タ䝙ೄ㢗䝇䝹ฎከ䜻䞀ឤ䝉䝃䝹䞀ᚓ
䝇䛃䛸㏙䜉䛶䛔䜛䠊᪥ᮏᾏഃ䛻䜒ᆅ㟈䛜㉳䛝䜛䛣䛸䛜᫂ⓑ䛻䛺䛳䛯䛸䛧䠈ᆅᇦ䛻䛚䛡䜛⅏ᐖᑐᛂ䛾㠃䛷䜒䛣䛾ᆅᇦ䛻㙠Ᏺᗓ䛜䛒䛳䛯᪉䛜Ⰻ䛔䛸䛾ㄽ᪨䛷ㄳ㢪䛧䛶䛔䜛㼇㣤ሯ㻔㻞㻜㻝㻡㻕㼉䠊㊃ព᭩䛷䛿໭ణ㤿ᆅ㟈䛻䛚䛡䜛ᾏ㌷䛾άື஦౛䛻䛴䛔䛶ゝཬ䛥䜜䛶䛔䛺䛔䛜䠈ᆅ㟈ᖏ䛸䛔䛖ゝⴥ䜢౑䛳䛶䛔䜛䛣䛸䛺䛹䛛䜙䠈໭ణ㤿ᆅ㟈䛷䛾ᾏ㌷䛾άື䜒ᛕ㢌䛻䛒䛳䛯䛸᥎ 䛥䜜䜛䠊㻌㻡㻚㻟㻌 ὠᒃᒣ䛾⿕ᐖ≧ἣ㻌⾲ 㻝 䛻䜘䜛䛸䠈㟈ኸ┤㏆䛾ὠᒃᒣ䛾඲ቯ⋡䛿 㻟㻟㻑䠈↝ኻ⋡䛜 㻢㻢㻑䛷䛒䜛䠊༙ศ௨ୖ䛜↝ኻ䛧䛶䛔䜛䛯䜑↝ኻ๓䛾ಽቯ⋡䛜䜘䛟䜟䛛䜙䛪䠈䛣䛾඲ቯ⋡䛿ᐙᒇಽቯ䛾ᐇែ䜢⾲䛧䛶䛔䛺䛔ྍ⬟ᛶ䛜㧗䛔䠊䛧䛛䛧௜㏆䛾⏣⤖䜔Ẽẚ䛜 㻤㻜㻑௨ୖ䛾඲ቯ⋡䜢♧䛧䛶䛔䜛䛣䛸䛛䜙ከ䛟䛾ᐙᒇ䛜ಽቯ䛧䛶䛔䛯䛸⪃䛘䜙䜜䜛䠊▼ᕝ䞉䜋䛛㻔㻝㻥㻞㻡㻕䛿↝䛡ṧ䛳䛯ᾏᓊ㏻䜚䛻䛴䛔䛶䠈᪂⠏䛾ᐙᒇ䛻⮳䜛䜎䛷᏶඲䛻ṧ䛳䛶䛔䜛䜒䛾䛿䜋䛸䜣䛹䛺䛟䠈඲㒊䛜඲ቯ䠈䜎䛯䛿༙ቯ䛚䜘䜃㢧ⴭ䛺◚ᦆ䛷䛒䜛䛸䛧䛶䛔䜛䠊௨ୖ䛾≧ἣ䛛䜙ᐙᒇ䛾ಽቯ䜒ከ䛛䛳䛯䛸᥎ᐃ䛥䜜䠈↝ኻ⿕ᐖ䜒኱䛝䛛䛳䛯䛜䠈ᮏᆅᇦ䛿䛣䜜䜙䛾ᘓ≀⿕ᐖ䛻ᑐ䛧䛶ேⓗ⿕ᐖ㻔Ṛஸ⋡ 㻝㻚㻠㻑䠈㈇യ⋡ 㻢㻑㻕䛜ẚ㍑ⓗᑠ䛥䛔䠊㻌䜋䜌䛩䜉䛶䛾ᐙᒇ䛜ಽቯ䛧䛯⏣⤖䛿䠈㣴⺋䛾䛯䜑䛻ⅆẼ䜢౑⏝䛧䛶䛚䜚 㻟 䞄ᡤ䛛䜙ฟⅆ䛧䛯䠊䛧䛛䛧ᩆຓ䜘䜚ඛ䛻ᾘⅆάື䜢ඃඛ䛧䛯䛣䛸䛷䠈ேⓗ⿕ᐖ䛜ᑠ䛥䛛䛳䛯䠊䛣䛾䛣䛸䛿௒ᮧ㻔㻝㻥㻞㻣㻕䛜ゝཬ䛧䠈䛂ⱝ䝅୙ᖾ䝙䝅䝔㇏ᒸ䞉ᇛ䝜ᓮ䞉ὠᒃᒣ➼䝙᪊䜿䝹䜺ዴ䜽䠈኱ⅆ⅏䞀ច㉳䝅䝍䝘䝷䝞䠈Ṛ⪅䝜ᩘ䝝᭦䝙ᩘಸ䝅䛃䛸㏙䜉䛶䛔䜛䠊䛧䛛䛧Ṛஸ⋡䛰䛡ぢ䜜䜀⏣⤖䛸ὠᒃᒣ䛿ྠ⋡䛾 㻝㻚㻠㻑䛷䛒䜚䠈ὠᒃᒣ䛻䛿ⅆ⅏䛜ᣑ኱䛧䛯䜒䛾䛾Ṛஸ⋡䛜ప䛟䛺䛳䛯ู䛾せᅉ䛜䛒䜛䛸⪃䛘䜙䜜䜛䠊㻌
䛂ᴮ䛃ᩆㆤ⌜䛾ሗ࿌䛻䜘䜜䜀䠈ᆅ㟈Ⓨ⏕ᙜ᫬䠈ὠᒃᒣ䛷䛿⏨ᛶ䛾ከ䛟䛜ฟ⁺୰䛷䠈ᒇෆ䛷⅕஦୰䛾ዪᛶ䛜ከ䛟㈇യ䛧䛯䛸䛒䜚䠈㈇യ⪅ᩘ䜒ዪᛶ䛜 㻞 ಸ䛸䛺䛳䛶䛔䜛䠊䛄኱㜰ᮅ᪥᪂⪺䛅኱ṇ 㻝㻠 ᖺ 㻡 ᭶ 㻞㻢 ᪥ᮅห䛻䜘䜜䜀䠈ⅆ䛿↷‶ᑎ䛾ୗ䛾ᐙ䛛䜙ฟ䛶䛩䛠䛻㢼䛻↽䜙䜜䛶ᗈ䛜䜚䠈ᚋ䜝䛿ᒣ䠈๓䛿ᾏ䛸䛔䛖≧ἣ䛷㏨䛢ሙ䜢ኻ䛳䛯ே䚻䛿ᾏ䛻㣕䜃㎸䜣䛰䛸䛒䜛䠊䜎䛯䛣䛾᫬ᮇ䛿㪆䛜኱⁺䛷ᮅ䛻ฟ⁺䛧䛶ኪ䛻ᖐ䜛䛸㏙䜉䛶䛔䜛䠊㻌䛣䜜䜙䛾䛣䛸䛛䜙䠈⏨ᛶ䛜᪥୰䛻⁺䛻ฟ䛶䛚䜚ேཱྀ䛾⣙༙ศ䛜⿕⅏䜢ච䜜䛯䛯䜑ேⓗ⿕ᐖ䛜ᑠ䛥䛛䛳䛯䛸⪃䛘䜙䜜䜛䠊䛣䛾䜘䛖䛺஦౛䛿 㻝㻥㻞㻣 ᖺ໭୹ᚋᆅ㟈䛻䛚䛡䜛὾ワᮧ☾䛾஦౛䛷䜒䜏䜙䜜䜛㼇኱㑚㻔㻞㻜㻝㻡㻕㼉䠊㻌䜎䛯ᾘⅆάື䛾ຠᯝ䜒኱䛝䛔䛸⪃䛘䜙䜜䜛䠊䛂ᴮ䛃䛾ሗ࿌䛛䜙䠈ఫẸ䛿᪂⠏䛾ᑎ㝔㻔↷‶ᑎ䛛㻕䛾㜵ⅆ䛻ὀຊ䛧䛶䛚䜚䠈䛂ᴮ䛃䛛䜙䛿ᾘ㜵䝫䞁䝥⏝䜺䝋䝸䞁䛾⿵⤥䛸ᾘ㜵㝲䛜ὴ㐵䛥䜜䛶䛔䜛䠊ᮡᒣ㻔㻞㻜㻜㻟㻕䛿ᐙ䛜↝䛡䛯䜚ቯ䜜䛯䜚䛧䛯ఫẸ䛜↷‶ᑎ䛻㏨䛢䛯䛸㏙䜉䛶䛔䜛䠊↷‶ᑎ䛾⫼ᚋ䛿ᒣ䛷䛒䜚䠈ᑎ䛜↝䛡ⅆ⅏䛜ᣑ኱䛧䠈ᒣⅆ஦䛺䛹䛜Ⓨ⏕䛩䜜䜀䠈㑊㞴䛧䛯ఫẸ䛜≛≅䛻䛺䛳䛶䛔䛯ྍ⬟ᛶ䜒㧗䛔䠊䛥䜙䛻୰ᮧ㻔㻝㻥㻞㻢㻕䛿ὠᒃᒣ䛷䛿 㻞 䞄ᡤ䛛䜙ฟⅆ䛧䛯䛜䠈㞄᥋䛩䜛℩ᡞ䛻㏆䛔㒊ศ䛿䜺䝋䝸䞁䝫䞁䝥䛷ᾘ䛧Ṇ䜑䛯䛸㏙䜉䛶䛚䜚䠈ᾘⅆάື䛻䜘䜚℩ᡞ䛾⿕ᐖᣑ኱䜒㣗䛔Ṇ䜑䜙䜜䛯䠊㻌䛺䛚௒ᮧ㻔㻝㻥㻞㻣㻕䛿ὠᒃᒣ䛸ྠ䛨 ᮧ⏣⤖䛾ᾘ㜵⿦ഛ䛻䛴䛔䛶䛂⪺䜿䝞Ṉᮧ䝕䝝ዪᏊ䝜ᾘ㜵㝲䝰⤌⧊䝅䝔䜰䝸䠈୍ྎ䝜䛜䛭䜚䜣䜍䜐䜇䝬䝕⏝ព䝅䝔䜰䝹䝖䝜䝁䝖䝕䜰䝹䛃䛸グ䛧䛶䛔䜛䠊⏫ᮧ䛻䛚䛡䜛䜺䝋䝸䞁䝫䞁䝥䛾㓄ഛ䛜䜎䛰⌋䛧䛛䛳䛯䛣䛾᫬ᮇ䛻䛒䛳䛶䠈ྠᆅᇦ䛾ᾘ㜵䛻ᑐ䛩䜛ඛ㐍ᛶ䛜❚䜟䜜䜛䠊㻌㻡㻚㻠㻌 ᇛᓮ⏫䛾⿕ᐖ≧ἣ㻌ᇛᓮ⏫䛾୰ᚰᆅ䛿㟈ኸ䛛䜙⣙ 㻠㼗㼙 㞳䜜䛶䛔䜛䠊රᗜ┴㻔㻝㻥㻞㻢㻕䛻䜘䜛䛸䠈ᇛᓮ⏫䛿⿕⅏๓⥲ᡞᩘ 㻣㻜㻞 ᡞ䛾䛖䛱䠈↝ኻ 㻡㻠㻤 ᡞ䠈඲ቯ୙᫂䠈༙ቯ 㻢 ᡞ䠈◚ᦆ 㻤㻤ᡞ䛸䛺䛳䛶䛚䜚䠈↝ኻ⋡䛜 㻣㻤䠂䛸㧗䛔䛯䜑䠈඲ቯ⋡䛜୙᫂䛷䛒䜛䠊㻌
௒ᮧ㻔㻝㻥㻞㻣㻕䛿ᕝ➽䛾ᆅ┙䛾ᝏ䛔ሙᡤ䛻ᘓ䛶䜙䜜䛯ᘓ≀䛿ᗙᒅ䛧䛶ಽቯ䛧䛯䛸㏙䜉䠈ᆅ㟈┤ᚋ䛻 㻡 䞄ᡤ䛛䜙ฟⅆ䛧䛶䠈᭦䛻 㻟 䞄ᡤ䛜ຍ䜟䜚䠈㣕䜃ⅆ䛾ᙳ㡪䜒䛒䛳䛶 㻠 ᫬㛫䜋䛹䛷 㻡㻠㻤 ᡞ䛜↝ኻ䛧䠈ⅆ⅏䛿ᒣᯘ䜎䛷⇞䛘ᗈ䛜䛳䛯䛸グ䛧䛶䛔䜛䠊㻌୰ᮧ㻔㻝㻥㻞㻢㻕䛿䛂ᆅ㟈䛿ᛴ䛷䛒䛳䛶ከ䛟䛾ே䚻䛿㑊䛡䜛㛫䜒䛺䛟ᐙ䛾ୗ䛻ᩜ䛛䜜䛯䜔䛖䛷䛒䜛䠊䛣䜜䛿㟈※䛜㏆䛔䛯䜑䛷䛒䛳䛯䛸ᛮ䜅䛜䠈ྠ᫬䛻ᐙᒇ䛜ᴟ䜑䛶⢒㐀䛷䛒䛳䛯䜒䛾䛸ப䜟䜜䛶ᒃ䜛䠊䛃䛸グ䛧䛶䛚䜚䠈ᘓ≀䛾ಽቯ䛜ከⓎ䛧䛶䛔䛯䛸᥎ 䛥䜜䜛䠊㻌- 184 -

䛥䜙䛻୰ᮧ㻔㻝㻥㻞㻢㻕䛿䛂ᇛᓮ⏫䛷䛿⏫䛾୰ኸ䛻䛒䛳䛯ᑠᕝ䜔༡໭䛾ᒣ⭡䛷ከ䛟䛾ே䚻䛿ⅆ䛾䛯䜑䛻⏕࿨䜢ኻ䛳䛯䛃䛸㏙䜉䛶䛚䜚䠈ಽቯ䛧䛯ᘓ≀䛾ୗᩜ䛝䛻䛺䜚䠈ᅽṚ䛧䛯䜚↝Ṛ䛧䛯䜚䛩䜛䜋䛛䠈ᒇእ䛻䛚䛔䛶ⅆ⅏䛻ᕳ䛝㎸䜎䜜䛶Ṛஸ䛧䛯䜿䞊䝇䜒ከ䛛䛳䛯䜘䛖䛰䠊㻌ᇛᓮ䛾୰ᚰᆅ䛿ᮾす䛻㛗䛔㇂䛷䛒䜚䠈࿘ᅖ䛿ᒣ䛷ᅖ䜎䜜䛶䛔䜛䠊䛄኱㜰ᮅ᪥᪂⪺䛅኱ṇ 㻝㻠 ᖺ 㻡 ᭶ 㻞㻠 ᪥ᮅห䛻䛿䠈ධᾎ୰䛷䛒䛳䛯ዪᛶ䛜₽䜜䛯‫⯪‮‬䛛䜙㏺
䛔ฟ䛧䠈Ꮚ౪䜢䛴䜜䛶⿬ᒣ䛻㏨䛢䛯䛜䠈ᒣ䛜୧ഃ䛛䜙⇞䛘ฟ䛧䛯䛯䜑⏕䛝䛯Ẽ䛜䛧䛺䛛䛳䛯䛸䛾ドゝ䛜ᥖ㍕䛥䜜䛶䛔䜛䠊䜎䛯රᗜ┴㻔㻝㻥㻞㻢㻕䛻グ㍕䛥䜜䛯䛂୕䠈ጲ㊰᠇ර㝲䛾⾜ື䛃䛻䜘䜜䜀䠈㻞㻠 ᪥䛾᪩ᮅ䠈⏫䛾す➃䛺䜙䜃䛻す໭䛾ᒣ୰䛻㏨䛢㎸䜣䛰㑊㞴Ẹ䛾୍㒊䛜ᒣⅆ஦䛻䜘䜚༴㝤䛸䛾▱䜙䛫䜢䛖䛡䠈᠇ර㝲䛜⌧ሙ䛻ᛴ⾜䛧䛶䛚䜚䠈ᤚ⣴䛾⤖ᯝ䠈㻞㻡 䛾Ṛయ䜢Ⓨぢ䛧䠈㔜യ⪅ 㻢㻟 ྡ䜢཰ᐜ䛧䛶䛔䜛䠊㻌ᇛᓮ䛷άື䜢⾜䛳䛯䛂ᒣ㢼䛃ᩆㆤ⌜䛾ሗ࿌䛻䜘䜜䜀䠈ᆅ㟈ᚋ䛾ⅆ⅏䛜㠀ᖖ䛻㏿䛟䠈㔜യ⪅䛿䜋䛸䜣䛹↝Ṛ䛧䛶䛧䜎䛳䛯䛸䛒䜚䠈ᴟ➃䛺⿕ᐖ≧ἣ䛻䛒䛳䛯䛣䛸䛜䜟䛛䜛䠊䛥䜙䛻䛂ᴮ䛃ᩆㆤ⌜䛾ሗ࿌䛿䠈‫‮‬἞ᐈ䛜❆䜺䝷䝇䛾◚∦䛺䛹䛷ษ๰䜢㈇䛳䛯䜒䛾䛜ከ䛛䛳䛯䛸グ䛧䛶䛚䜚䠈 Ἠ᪑㤋䛺䛹䛻ከ⏝䛥䜜䛯❆䜺䝷䝇䛜㈇യ
䛾ཎᅉ䛻䛺䛳䛯䛸᥎ 䛥䜜䜛䠊㻌䜎䛯⚄ᡞ᪂⪺ణ㤿⥲ᒁ⦅㻔㻞㻜㻜㻡㻕䛿ᇛᓮ⨫䛾㈨ᩱ
䜢ᘬ⏝䛧䠈Ṛ⪅ 㻞㻣㻞 ே䛾䛖䛱䠈㻢㻜 ே䛜ᾎᐈ䠈ዪᛶ䛜㻝㻥㻠 ே䛷䛒䛳䛯䛸㏙䜉䛶䛔䜛䠊ᇛᓮ䛿 Ἠᆅ䛷ᐟ䛜ᐦ㞟䛧䛶䛚䜚䠈䛣䜜䜙䛾 㻝 㝵ྎᡤ䛷ᐟ䛾᫨㣗‽ഛ୰䛾ዪᛶᚑᴗဨ䛾ከ䛟䛜ᅽṚ䞉↝Ṛ䛧䛯䛸グ䛧䛶䛔䜛䠊௨ୖ䛾䜘䛖䛺⿕ᐖ䛾Ⓨ⏕䝥䝻䝉䝇䛿 㻝㻥㻞㻣 ᖺ໭୹ᚋᆅ㟈䛻䛚䛡䜛ᓠᒣ⏫䛸ఝ䛶䛔䜛㼇኱㑚㻔㻞㻜㻝㻡㻕㼉䠊㻌㼲㻢㻚㻌 䛚䜟䜚䛻㻌ᮏㄽᩥ䛷䛿໭ణ㤿ᆅ㟈䛻䛚䛡䜛㟈ኸ௜㏆䛾ேⓗ⿕ᐖ䛾Ⓨ⏕≧ἣ䛻䛴䛔䛶䠈ᪧᾏ㌷䛾ྐᩱ䜢⏝䛔䛶᫂䜙䛛䛻䛧䠈⿕ᐖ≧ἣ䛜ᑐ↷ⓗ䛺 㻞 ᆅᇦ䜢ᑐ㇟䛻䛧䛶䠈䛭䜜䛮䜜䛾⿕ᐖ䛾ᣑ኱䞉⦰ᑠせᅉ䜢⪃ᐹ䛧䛯䠊㻌㻝㻚 㟈ኸ┤㏆䛾 ᮧὠᒃᒣ䛿䠈ከᩘ䛾ᘓ≀ಽቯ䛸ᐙᒇ䛾䠒๭௨ୖ䛾↝ኻ䛺䛹䠈ேⓗ⿕ᐖ䜢ᣑ኱䛥䛫䜛せᅉ䛜ᥞ䛳䛶䛔䛯䠊䛧䛛䛧䠈㻝䠅⏨ᛶ䛜ฟ⁺୰䛷䛒䛳䛯䛣䛸䠈㻞䠅ᾘⅆάື䛜ຠᯝⓗ䛻⾜䜟䜜䛯䛣䛸䛺䛹䠈⿕ᐖ䛾⦰ᑠせᅉ䛜䛒䛳䛯䛯䜑䠈Ṛஸ⋡䛜 㻝㻚㻠䠂䛸ప䛔್䛻䛺䛳䛯䛸⪃䛘䜙䜜䜛䠊㻌㻞㻚 㟈ኸ㊥㞳⣙ 㻠㼗㼙 䛾ᇛᓮ䛷䛿䠈㌾ᙅᆅ┙ୖ䛻⪏㟈ᛶ䛾ప䛔ᘓ≀䛜ᘓ䛳䛶䛔䛯䛺䛹䛾⌮⏤䛛䜙ከ䛟䛾ᘓ≀䛜ಽቯ䛧䠈┤ᚋ䛻ᛴ㏿䛻ⅆ⅏䛜ᣑ኱䛧䛯䠊ே䚻䛿ಽቯᐙᒇ䛾ୗᩜ䛝䛸䛺䛳䛶ᅽṚ䞉↝Ṛ䛧䛯䜋䛛䠈㑊㞴ඛ䛷ᒣⅆ஦䛻㐼㐝䛧䛶Ṛஸ䛧䛯䜚䠈㔜യ⪅䛾ከ䛟䛜↝Ṛ䛧䛯䜚䛧䛶ேⓗ⿕ᐖ䛜ᣑ኱䛧䛯䠊䛣䛾䜘䛖䛺⿕ᐖ䛾ᣑ኱せᅉ䛾㔜ᒙ໬䛻䜘䛳䛶䠈䠄⏫༢఩䛾⤫ィ್䛷䛒䜛䛯䜑㞄᥋䛩䜛᱈ᓥ䞉௒ὠ䛾㞟ⴠ䛾್䜒ྵ䜐䛜䠅Ṛஸ⋡ 㻣㻚㻣䠂䛸䛔䛖௚䛻ẚ䜉䛶✺ฟ䛧䛯್䛸䛺䛳䛯䠊㻌㻟㻚 ὠᒃᒣ䛾ᾘⅆάື䛻䛚䛔䛶䛿䠈᪩ᮇ䛻ᩆ᥼䛻㥑䛡䛴䛡䛯㥑㏲Ⰴ䛂ᴮ䛃䛻䜘䜛ᩆ᥼άື䛾ຠᯝ䛜኱䛝䛛䛳䛯䠊㝣㊰䜢⛣ື䛧䛯㝣㌷䛾㒊㝲䛺䛹䛿䠈㕲㐨䛾୙㏻䜔ΰ㞧䠈ᶵᮦ䛾ከ䛥䛻䜘䜚⛣ື䛜ᅔ㞴䛺≧ἣ䛻䛒䜚䠈Ⰴ⯪䛻≀㈨䜔ேဨ䜢ᦚ㍕䛧䛶ᾏ㊰䜢⛣ື䛩䜛ᾏ㌷䛾≉ᛶ䛜ά䛛䛥䜜䛯䠊㻌௨ୖ䛾䜘䛖䛻ᮏᆅ㟈䛻䛚䛡䜛ேⓗ⿕ᐖ䛿䠈ᆅᇦ䛤䛸䛻␗䛺䜛ᵝ䚻䛺せᅉ䞉᮲௳䛜」㞧䛻ᙳ㡪䛧䛒䛳䛶ᣑ኱䞉⦰ᑠ䛧䛶䛔䜛䛣䛸䛜᫂䜙䛛䛸䛺䛳䛯䠊௚䛾ᆅ㟈䛻䛚䛔䛶ேⓗ⿕ᐖ䜢ㄽ䛨䜛ሙྜ䜒䠈㟈※䛺䛹䛛䜙䛾㊥㞳䛸䛾㛵ಀ䛻ຍ䛘䛶䠈⿕ᐖ䛾せᅉ䜔Ⓨ⏕䝥䝻䝉䝇䛻䛴䛔䛶䜅䜎䛘䜛ᚲせ䛜䛒䜛䛸⪃䛘䜛䠊㻌ㅰ㎡㻌ᮏ✏䜢సᡂ䛩䜛䛻䛒䛯䜚ᰝㄞ⪅䛾ྜྷ⏣ᚊேẶ䛺䜙䜃䛻⦅㞟ጤဨ䛾⼎ྡ⿱୍Ặ䛛䜙᭷┈䛺䝁䝯䞁䝖䜢㡬䛝䜎䛧䛯䠊グ䛧䛶ឤㅰ䛧䜎䛩䠊㻌ᑐ㇟ᆅ㟈䠖㻝㻥㻞㻡 ᖺ໭ణ㤿ᆅ㟈㻌ᩥ㻌 ⊩㻌රᗜ┴䠈㻝㻥㻞㻢䠈໭ణ㟈⅏ㄅ䠈㻞㻜㻞㼜㼜䠊㻌▼ᕝᡂ❶䞉ᵐᒣḟ㑻䞉ᮏ㛫୙஧⏨䞉ୖἙၿ㞝䠈㻝㻥㻞㻡䠈໭ ణ ᆅ 㟈 ㋃ ᰝ グ 䠈 ᆅ ⌫ 䠈 㻠 䠈㻝㻔 ໭ ణ 㟈 ⅏ ㄅ 䠈㻝㻤㻥㻙㻞㻜㻞㻕䠊㻌௒ᮧ᫂ᜏ䠈㻝㻥㻞㻣䠈ణ㤿ᆅ㟈ㄪᰝሗ࿌䠈㟈⅏ண㜵ㄪᰝ఍ሗ࿌䠈㻝㻜㻝䠈㻝㻙㻞㻥䠊㻌㣤ሯ୍ᖾ䠈㻞㻜㻝㻡䠈㌷ᣑ䞉㌷⦰䛸⯙㭯㙠Ᏺᗓ䇷୕⯙㭯⏫䛾┒⾶䠈ྂ㒔䞉ၟ㒔䛾㌷㝲㻦㏆␥䠄ᆅᇦ䛾䛺䛛䛾㌷㝲㻘㻠䠅䠈ྜྷᕝᘯᩥ㤋䠈㻝㻝㻟㻙㻝㻠㻜㻚㻌ά᩿ᒙ◊✲఍⦅䠈㻝㻥㻥㻝䠈᪂⦅᪥ᮏ䛾ά᩿ᒙ㻙ศᕸ䛸㈨ᩱ䠈ᮾி኱Ꮫฟ∧఍䠈㻞㻤㻤㻙㻞㻥㻝㻚㻌⚄ᡞ᪂⪺ణ㤿⥲ᒁ⦅䠈㻞㻜㻜㻡䠈ᇛᓮ≀ㄒ㻌 ᨵゞ∧䠈⚄ᡞ᪂⪺⥲ྜฟ∧䝉䞁䝍䞊䠈㻞㻞㻡㼜㼜䠊㻌
୰ᮧᕥ⾨㛛ኴ㑻䠈㻝㻥㻞㻢䠈ᇛᓮ䛾ᆅ㟈䛻ᑐ䛩䜛ㄪᰝ䠈໭ణ㟈⅏ㄅ䠈㻝㻣㻟㻙㻝㻤㻞䠊㻌- 185 -

ᐑ㔝㐨㞝䞉࿅ᜏೝ䠈㻝㻥㻥㻡䠈ᆅ㟈䛻䜘䜛ேⓗ⿕ᐖ䛸ᐙᒇ⿕ᐖ䛾㛵ಀ䛻ᑐ䛩䜛㟈※㊥㞳䛾ᙳ㡪䠈⮬↛⅏ᐖ⛉Ꮫ䠈㻝㻟㻔㻟㻕䠈㻞㻤㻣㻙㻞㻥㻢䠊㻌ᒸ⏣⠜ṇ䞉ᮾ㒓ṇ⨾⦅䠈㻞㻜㻜㻜䠈㏆␥䛾ά᩿ᒙ䠈ᮾி኱Ꮫฟ∧఍䠈㻟㻥㻡㼜㼜㻗௜ᅗ䠊㻌኱㑚₶୕䠈㻞㻜㻝㻡䠈㻝㻥㻞㻣 ᖺ໭୹ᚋᆅ㟈䛻䛚䛡䜛ேⓗ⿕ᐖ䛾ศᯒ䠈㮚㝠ྐᏛ䠈㻠㻝䠈㻝㻥㻙㻠㻞䠊㻌ᮡᒣⱥ⏨䠈㻞㻜㻜㻟䠈㏆௦ᘓ⠏ྐ䛾㝜䛻➨ 㻞㻞 ❶໭ణ㤿ᆅ㟈㻔䛭䛾 㻝䠅䠈ᘓ⠏ᢏ⾡䠈㻢㻠㻣䠈㻞㻝㻠㻙㻞㻞㻠䠊㻌㒔ྖ჆ᐉ䞉▮⏣ಇᩥ䞉బ⸨Ꮥஅ䞉୰す୍㑻䠈㻞㻜㻝㻣䠈㐣ཤ䛾ᆅ㟈䞉ὠἼ⅏ᐖ䛻䛚䛡䜛Ṛ⪅Ⓨ⏕ศᕸ䛾ἲ๎ᛶ䛾ゎ᫂䠈බ┈㈈ᅋἲே῝⏣ᆅ㉁◊✲ᡤᖺሗ䠈㻝㻤䠈㻝㻟㻝㻙㻝㻡㻠䠊㻌ෆᕝᮧㄅ⦅㞟ጤဨ఍䠈㻝㻥㻣㻤䠈ෆᕝᮧㄅ㻘ᇛᓮ⏫ᩍ⫱ጤဨ఍䠈㻤㻥㻤㻌㼜㼜䠊㻌Ᏹబ⨾㱟ኵ䞉▼஭ᑑ䞉௒ᮧ㝯ṇ䞉Ṋᮧ㞞அ䞉ᯇᾆᚊᏊ䠈㻞㻜㻝㻟䠈᪥ᮏ⿕ᐖᆅ㟈⥲ぴ䠈ᮾி኱Ꮫฟ∧఍䠈㻣㻞㻠㼜㼜㻚㻌ᒣᓮ┤᪉䠈㻝㻥㻞㻣䠈ణ㤿ᆅ㟈䝜㟈※ㄪᰝሗ࿌䠈㟈⅏ண㜵ㄪᰝ఍ሗ࿌䠈㻝㻜㻝䠈㻟㻝㻙㻟㻠䠊㻌ྜྷ⏣ᚊே䠈㻞㻜㻝㻢䠈㌷㝲䛾ᑐෆⓗᶵ⬟䛸㛵ᮾ኱㟈⅏㻦㻌᫂἞ ኱ṇ ᮇ䛾⅏ᐖ ฟື 䠈᪥ ᮏ⤒ ῭ホ ㄽ♫ 䠈㻟㻣㻤㼜㼜䠊㻌㻌㻌ྐ㻌 ᩱ㻌䛂໭ᆠᆅ᪉㟈⅏㛵ಀ䛃䠄1䠅䠖㻶㻭㻯㻭㻾䠄䜰䝆䜰Ṕྐ㈨ᩱ
䝉䞁䝍䞊䠅㻾㼑㼒㻚㻌㻯㻜㻤㻜㻡㻝㻡㻢㻝㻤㻜㻜 ኱ṇ༑ᅄᖺ㻌 බᩥഛ⪃㻌ᕳ 㻝㻞㻢㻌 ኚ⅏䚸⅏ᐖ䚸ර஦䠄㜵⾨┬㜵⾨◊✲ᡤ䠅㻌䛂໭ᆠᆅ᪉㟈⅏㛵ಀ䛃䠄2䠅䠖㻶㻭㻯㻭㻾䠄䜰䝆䜰Ṕྐ㈨ᩱ
䝉䞁䝍䞊䠅㻾㼑㼒㻚㻌㻯㻜㻤㻜㻡㻝㻡㻢㻝㻥㻜㻜 ኱ṇ༑ᅄᖺ㻌 බᩥഛ⪃㻌ᕳ 㻝㻞㻢㻌 ኚ⅏䚸⅏ᐖ䚸ර஦䠄㜵⾨┬㜵⾨◊✲ᡤ䠅㻌䛂໭ᆠᆅ᪉㟈⅏㛵ಀ䛃䠄3䠅䠖㻶㻭㻯㻭㻾䠄䜰䝆䜰Ṕྐ㈨ᩱ
䝉䞁䝍䞊䠅㻾㼑㼒㻚㻌㻯㻜㻤㻜㻡㻝㻡㻢㻞㻜㻜㻜 ኱ṇ༑ᅄᖺ㻌 බᩥഛ⪃㻌ᕳ 㻝㻞㻢㻌 ኚ⅏䚸⅏ᐖ䚸ර஦䠄㜵⾨┬㜵⾨◊✲ᡤ䠅㻌䛂໭ᆠᆅ᪉㟈⅏㛵ಀ䛃䠄4䠅䠖㻶㻭㻯㻭㻾䠄䜰䝆䜰Ṕྐ㈨ᩱ
䝉䞁䝍䞊䠅㻾㼑㼒㻚㻌㻯㻜㻤㻜㻡㻝㻡㻢㻞㻝㻜㻜 ኱ṇ༑ᅄᖺ㻌 බᩥഛ⪃㻌ᕳ 㻝㻞㻢㻌 ኚ⅏䚸⅏ᐖ䚸ර஦䠄㜵⾨┬㜵⾨◊✲ᡤ䠅㻌䛂໭ᆠᆅ᪉㟈⅏㛵ಀ䛃䠄5䠅䠖㻶㻭㻯㻭㻾䠄䜰䝆䜰Ṕྐ㈨ᩱ
䝉䞁䝍䞊䠅㻾㼑㼒㻚㻌㻯㻜㻤㻜㻡㻝㻡㻢㻞㻞㻜㻜 ኱ṇ༑ᅄᖺ㻌 බᩥഛ⪃㻌ᕳ 㻝㻞㻢㻌 ኚ⅏䚸⅏ᐖ䚸ර஦䠄㜵⾨┬㜵⾨◊✲ᡤ䠅㻌䛂⯙㭯㙠Ᏺᗓ᚟άㄳ㢪᭩䛃䠖㻶㻭㻯㻭㻾䠄䜰䝆䜰Ṕྐ㈨ᩱ
䝉䞁䝍䞊䠅㻾㼑㼒㻚㻌 㻯㻜㻠㻜㻝㻢㻜㻠㻥㻟㻜㻜 ᫛࿴ 㻟 ᖺ㻌 බᩥഛ⪃㻌ᐁ⫋ 㻝㻢㻌 ᕳ 㻝㻢䠄㜵⾨┬㜵⾨◊✲ᡤ䠅㻌䛄ᐁሗ䛅1918 ᖺ 5 ᭶ 31 ᪥㻌䛄኱㜰ᮅ᪥᪂⪺䛅኱ṇ 㻝㻠 ᖺ 㻡 ᭶ 㻞㻟 ᪥ྕእ㻌䛄኱㜰ᮅ᪥᪂⪺䛅኱ṇ 㻝㻠 ᖺ 㻡 ᭶ 㻞㻠 ᪥ᮅห㻌䛄኱㜰ᮅ᪥᪂⪺䛅኱ṇ 㻝㻠 ᖺ 㻡 ᭶ 㻞㻠 ᪥ྕእ㻌䛄኱㜰ᮅ᪥᪂⪺䛅኱ṇ 㻝㻠 ᖺ 㻡 ᭶ 㻞㻢 ᪥ᮅห㻌㻌㻌

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