FI6W-CT-2005-516520: Integrated Project on European Transmutation (EUROTRANS)EUROTRANS: European Research Programme
for the Transmutation of High-Level Nuclear
Waste in an Accelerator Driven System

9 IEMPT Nîmes
September 25-29 2006

Joachim U. Knebel, Co-ordinatorand EUROTRANS Team

9IEMPT, Nîmes, September 28, 2006

1

FI6W-CT-2005-516520: Integrated Project on European Transmutation (EUROTRANS)The EUROTRANS Consortium

9IEMPT, Nîmes, September 28, 2006

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FI6W-CT-2005-516520: Integrated Project on European Transmutation (EUROTRANS)

Framework and Strategy of P&T
Geological Disposal

Direct Disposal

Temporary Storage
for heat decayCs, SrGeological
DisposalSpent Fuelfrom LWRs

Partitioning
Stable FP, TRU losses
P&T
Pu, MA, LLFP

LLFP: Long lived fission products(Tc-99, I-129, Se-79, ...)
MA: Minor Actinides (Am, Np, Cm)

Dedicated Fueland
LLFP target
Fabrication

Stable FP, TRU losses
Transmutation

Dedicated Fueland
LLFP Target
Reprocessing

Pu, MA, LLFP

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FI6W-CT-2005-516520: Integrated Project on European Transmutation (EUROTRANS)

Framework and Strategy of P&T¾ The implementation of P&T of a large part of the high-level nuclear
wastes in Europe needs the demonstration of its feasibility at an“engineering” level. The respective R&D activities could be arranged
in four “building blocks”:¾ Demonstration of the capability to process a sizable amount ofspent fuel from commercial LWRs in order to separate plutonium(Pu), uranium (U) and minor actinides (MA),¾ Demonstration of the capability to fabricate at a semi-industrial
level the dedicated fuel needed to load in a dedicated transmuter,¾ Design and construction of one or more dedicated transmuters,¾ Provision of a specific installation for processing of thededicated fuel unloaded from the transmuter, which can be of adifferent type than the one used to process the original spent
fuel unloaded from the commercial power plants, together withthe fabrication of new dedicated fuel.
9IEMPT, Nîmes, September 28, 2006

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FI6W-CT-2005-516520: Integrated Project on European Transmutation (EUROTRANS)

Roadmap for ADS Development
Year 2000+

ADS
ADS(Phase(Phase 1) 1)

01
02
FP5

Basic & Supp. R&D
PDS-XADS
Pre-selec. Opt for XADS
Choice of Accel. TypeEUROTRANS(FP6)EUROTRANS (FP6)DM5_NUDATRA
Prod. Design Work. Lib
Sensitivity Studies
Integral Validation
BeyondFP6
Beyond FP6Eng. & Tech.and
BureauEngineering
Technical Bureau
Detail. Eng. Des. XT-ADS
Reactor Comp. Testing
XT-ADS Spal. Targ under Beam
Licensing XT-ADS Dossier
Construction
Construction WorkWork
XT-ADS Site preparation
Civil Engineering on site
Reactor Comp. Fabric.
Accel. Comp. Fabric.
Comp. Assembly on site
Start
Operation
Start
operation
Commissiong at low power
Commissiong at Full power
Operation Full Power With MOX
Operation Full Power With Part_MA
ADS
ADS(Phase(Phase 2) 2)
Prototype EFIT
Det. Des. incl. Feedb. XT-ADS
Construction
Operation
Industrial Deployment

9IEMPT, Nîmes, September 28, 2006

03

04
05
FP6

06

07

08
09
FP7

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

25

30

Project Structure Established for Building XT-ADS

PATEROS & SNF-TP
Experimental Fast Spectr

I

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FI6W-CT-2005-516520: Integrated Project on European Transmutation (EUROTRANS)

Overview: Objectives of IP¾ Carry out a first advanced design of a 50 to 100 MWth eXperimental facility(realisation in a short-term, say about 10 years) demonstrating the technicalfeasibility of Transmutation in an Accelerator Driven System (XT-ADS), as well as toaccomplish a generic conceptual design (several 100 MWth) of the European
Facility for Industrial Transmutation EFIT (realisation in the long-term). This stepwise approach is termed as European Transmutation Demonstration (ETD)
approach,¾ For the above devices, provide validated experimental input (such as experimental
techniques, dynamics, feedback effects, shielding, safety and licensing issues) fromrelevant experiments at sufficient power (20-100 kW) on the coupling of anaccelerator, a spallation target and a sub-critical blanket,¾ to develop and demonstrate the necessary associated technologies, especiallyaccelerator components, fuels development, heavy liquid metal technologies, andthe required nuclear data,¾ to prove its overall technical feasibility, and¾ to carry out an economic assessment of the whole system.
Î Direct input to PATEROS and SNF-TP.
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FI6W-CT-2005-516520: Integrated Project on European Transmutation (EUROTRANS)

Strategy of EUROTRANS
FP

FP5

FP6

FP6

Design Concepts

Objectives

XADS (Pb-Bi)

XADS (Gas)

MYRRHA (Pb-Bi)

XADS

80 MW(th)80 MW(th)50 MW(th)110 W/cm

250 W/cm

500 W/cm

Demonstrationof technologicalfeasibility ofsingle batch loading

single batch loading

multi batch loading

an ADS system

EuropeanTransmutation
Demonstration(ETD)

XT-ADS< 100 MW(th)XT-ADS

multi batch loading

Short-term demonstrationof transmutation
on a sizable scaleand of the ADS behaviour

EFIT

EFIT

Several 100 MW(th)Long-termtransmutation
on anindustrial scale

250 - 300 W/cm

advanced designconceptual design,
economics,
scalability

9IEMPT, Nîmes, September 28, 2006

250 - 300 W/cm
multi batch loading

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FI6W-CT-2005-516520: Integrated Project on European Transmutation (EUROTRANS)

Structure of EUROTRANS
IP Co-ordinator
J.U. Knebel, FZKECV. Bhatnagar

DM0 Management
Project Office

6.1M€

DM1 DESIGNETD Design
H. Aït Abderrahim,
SCK-CEN

DM3 AFTRA
Fuels
F. Delage, CEA
3.3M€
9IEMPT, Nîmes, September 28, 2006

DM2 ECATS
Coupling Experiments
G. Granget, CEA

DM4 DEMETRA
HLM Technologies
C. Fazio, FZK
5.3M€

5.5M€

DM5 NUDATRA
Nuclear Data
E. Gonzalez, CIEMAT
1.1M€
8FI6W-CT-2005-516520: Integrated Project on European Transmutation (EUROTRANS)DM1 DESIGN: Objectives¾ To carry out a detailed design of an experimental ADS called XT-ADS that
construction can be started within the next 8 years.
¾ The XT-ADS should be as much as possible serving as a technological test
bench of the main components of an industrial scale transmutation facility
called EFIT
¾ To carry out a conceptual design of the industrial scale ADS Pb cooled EFIT
and a gas cooled back up option of EFIT
¾ To develop, construct and test the key components of the LINAC technologythat will be serving for XT-ADS as well as for EFIT. The driving parameter inthis work is the improvement of the beam reliability¾ To design the windowless spallation target module of the XT-ADS in terms ofthermo-mechanical, thermal-hydraulic and vacuum¾ To reassess the global safety approach for ADS in presence of MA fuel andapply it to the XT-ADS for assessment of DBC and DEC transients for
preparing the SAR for the XT-ADS¾ To assess the investment and operational costs of the XT-ADS and theirscaling to EFIT and identify the needed R&D efforts
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FI6W-CT-2005-516520: Integrated Project on European Transmutation (EUROTRANS)

Major Results: DM1 DESIGN¾ Rational definition of the design parameters for XT-ADS (being an ADS fulldemonstration, a fast spectrum irradiation facility and a test bench for EFIT);
convergence for those of EFIT.
¾ Accelerator components design and preparation for demonstration areprogressing according to the planning.
¾ Off-centre windowless target design is consolidated.

¾ Safety approach of FP5 XADS is updated to cope withpresence of large amount of MA in the core of EFIT
and high pressure water HX in the primary systemsof both EFIT and XT-ADS.
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FI6W-CT-2005-516520: Integrated Project on European Transmutation (EUROTRANS)

Preliminary Design Characteristics of the XT-ADS
and EFIT Designs
XT-ADS

EFIT

Proton energy

600 MeV x 2.5 mA / 350 MeV x 5 mA

800 MeV x 20 mA

Spallation target concept

Off-centered, windowlessCentered, windowless

Fuel

MOX, some minor actinide (MA) FA accepted(Pu, AM)O2 + MgO (or metallic Mo) matrix

Power (MWth)

50 – 100

395

Power density (W/cm³)

700

450 – 650

Reactivity swing compensation

no compensation as long as swing remains
limitedthe predicted small burn-up swing is to becompensated by proton current adjustment

Presence of absorbers

yesfor refueling only

Vessel structural material

316L

316 L

Vessel typenot yet definedhungPrimary coolant

LBE

Pure Lead

Primary system temperature range(°C)

inlet: 300
outlet: 400

inlet: 400
outlet: 480

Secondary coolant

low pressure boiling water

Superheated water cycle

Fuel loadingfrom bottom (alternative from top has beenreviewed)from top

Fuel handlingoriented Remote Handlingextendible-arm handling machine androtating plug

Seismic design

seismic spectrum specific to the Mol site

Horizontal anti-seismic supports

9IEMPT, Nîmes, September 28, 2006

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FI6W-CT-2005-516520: Integrated Project on European Transmutation (EUROTRANS)EFIT Conceptual Configuration
Basic Options chosen:¾ Reactor Vessel: cylindrical with hemisphericalbottom head;¾ General Arrangement: 4 PP (Primary Pumps), 8 SG
(Steam Generators);¾ Inner Vessel: cylindrical upstand, self-supported;¾ Core support: Diagrid shaped as a thick discwelded to the Inner vessel, cylindrical shell weldedto the bottom head as guide;¾ Windowless Target Unit;¾ Rotating plug coaxial to the core;¾ Primary pump located in the hot leg;
¾ In-vessel fuel handling: one machine withextendible arm, on the rotating plug;¾ DHR coolers: 4 in-vessel units;¾ Lead purification: 2 in-vessel filter units.

9IEMPT, Nîmes, September 28, 2006

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FI6W-CT-2005-516520: Integrated Project on European Transmutation (EUROTRANS)EFIT Conceptual Configuration
Basic Options chosen:¾ Reactor Vessel: cylindrical with hemisphericalbottom head;¾ General Arrangement: 4 PP (Primary Pumps), 8 SG
(Steam Generators);

DHR Coolers¾ Inner Vessel: cylindrical upstand, self-supported;¾ Core support: Diagrid shaped as a thick discwelded to the Inner vessel, cylindrical shell weldedto the bottom head as guide;

Purification
Unit¾ Windowless Target Unit;¾ Rotating plug coaxial to the core;¾ Primary pump located in the hot leg;In-vessel fuel handling system

Steam Generator andPrimary Pump subassembly¾ In-vessel fuel handling: one machine withextendible arm, on the rotating plug;¾ DHR coolers: 4 in-vessel units;¾ Lead purification: 2 in-vessel filter units.

9IEMPT, Nîmes, September 28, 2006

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FI6W-CT-2005-516520: Integrated Project on European Transmutation (EUROTRANS)EFIT Fuel Assembly Outline Drawing¾ Based on PDS-XADS design.
¾ LBE velocity below 2 m/s; p/d ≅1.4.
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FI6W-CT-2005-516520: Integrated Project on European Transmutation (EUROTRANS)

XT-ADS Design Options¾ MYRRHA like refuelling from below¾ Refuelling from the top¾ Vertical separation (Rectangular shape Inner Vessel with a lower
cylinder containing the core)

Stroke 1700 mm

9IEMPT, Nîmes, September 28, 2006

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FI6W-CT-2005-516520: Integrated Project on European Transmutation (EUROTRANS)

Study of the Accelerator with Special Focus on theExperimental Demonstration of the Required Reliability

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FI6W-CT-2005-516520: Integrated Project on European Transmutation (EUROTRANS)

Status of Accelerator Work Packages¾ WP1.3.1:
Construction of the 3 MeV – 100 mA IPHI linear injector accelerator in progress
Reliability test protocol for EUROTRANS under evaluation¾ WP1.3.2:
Construction of horizontal cryostat for qualification of spoke cavity reliability inprogress
CH-structure is built and tested in vertical configuration¾ WP1.3.3:
Design of high-energy accelerating cryomodule has started, RF system hardware
have been ordered¾ WP1.3.4:
Modeling of the low level RF system for fault-tolerance in progress¾ WP1.3.5:
Substantial work accomplished for beam optic in normal operation, simulation of
accidental conditions advancing
Initial accelerator cost analysis completed
New beam line task will start soon
9IEMPT, Nîmes, September 28, 2006

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FI6W-CT-2005-516520: Integrated Project on European Transmutation (EUROTRANS)

Spallation Target: Conceptual Properties¾ Windowless target¾ Space considerations : φ72 mm target¾ 5 mA current or 125-175 μA/cm2¾ Vertical co-axial confluent LBE flow
¾ Free surface formation¾ Off axis LBE servicing¾ Target space¾ Pump & HEX below free surface¾ Leave top & bottom of subcritical core
free ⇒ Accessibility¾ Spallation loop away from high dosezone ⇒ Lifetime
9IEMPT, Nîmes, September 28, 2006

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FI6W-CT-2005-516520: Integrated Project on European Transmutation (EUROTRANS)

Spallation Target: Free Surface Formation
60

16.5°

9IEMPT, Nîmes, September 28, 2006

¾ Confluence of vertical co-axialflow¾ Main flow: mechanical pump
¾ Driving force: gravity¾ Level: balance inlet-outlet flow
¾ Recirculation zone: in check¾ Level balance Δhmax=3 mm¾ Feedback necessary:¾ LIDAR level detection¾ fast MHD pump
¾ Proton beam distribution:¾ Avoid recirculation zone
heating
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FI6W-CT-2005-516520: Integrated Project on European Transmutation (EUROTRANS)

DM2 ECATS: Objectives
Objective:¾ Assist the design of XT-ADS and EFIT, provide validated
experimental input from relevant experiments at sufficient power (20100 kW) on the coupling of an accelerator, a spallation target and a
sub-critical blanket.
Input Data Base Validation Required:¾ Qualification of sub-criticality monitoring,¾ Validation of generic dynamic behaviour of an ADS in a wide range of subcritical levels, sub-criticality safety margins and thermal feedback effects,¾ Validation of the core power / beam current relationship,¾ Start-up and shut-down procedures, instrumentation validation and specificdedicated experimentation,¾ Interpretation and validation of experimental data, benchmarking and code
validation activities etc.,¾ Safety and licensing issues of different component parts as well as that of
the integrated system as a whole.
9IEMPT, Nîmes, September 28, 2006

20

FI6W-CT-2005-516520: Integrated Project on European Transmutation (EUROTRANS)ADS Validation Process- Experimental Programme Matrix Fullcoupling ofreal ADS
components

Physics andkinetics ofan externalsourcedrivensubcriticalcore at ~0
power

Dynamics
andexperimental
techniques ofan ADS at
power withfeedbacksHigh energy
neutrons
propagation

Power/beamcurrent
relationvalidation

Operations at
power (startup / shutdown/ scram)

TRADE

YES

YES

YES

NO

YES

YES

MUSE

NO

YES

NO

NO

NO

NO

RACE

NO

YES

YES

NO

YES

YES

SAD

YES

YES

NO (*)

YES

NO

NO

YALINA

NO

YES

NO

NO

YES

NO

GUINEVERENOYES

NO (**)

NO

YES

YES

Validation of:(*) YES, if power is extended to ~100kW(**) YES, if higher power considered compared to today‘s proposal (to be assessed)
9IEMPT, Nîmes, September 28, 2006

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FI6W-CT-2005-516520: Integrated Project on European Transmutation (EUROTRANS)

RACE-T: Objectives and Facility

Objective:
Qualificationofmethodsfordetermination of reactivity andpower distribution in sub-criticalsystems.

Experimental Facility :TRIGA reactor in the ENEA Research Center, Cassacia, Italy

9IEMPT, Nîmes, September 28, 2006

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FI6W-CT-2005-516520: Integrated Project on European Transmutation (EUROTRANS)

Reactivity Measurements
Three sub-critical core states investigated :¾ SC0: k = 0.997;¾ SC2: k = 0.977;¾ SC3: k = 0.959

Different techniques for measurement of reactivity:¾ Source Multiplication (critical reactor k=1 is used to calibrate reactivity)¾ Rod-drop¾ Source Jerk
¾ Pulsed Neutron Source (prompt decay analysis, prompt neutrons/delayed
neutrons analysis by areas)
9IEMPT, Nîmes, September 28, 2006

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FI6W-CT-2005-516520: Integrated Project on European Transmutation (EUROTRANS)

Reactivity Measurements
Three sub-critical core states investigated:¾ SC0: k = 0.997;¾ SC2: k = 0.977;¾ SC3: k = 0.959

Different techniques for measurement of reactivity:¾ Source Multiplication (critical reactor k=1 is used to calibrate reactivity)¾ Rod-drop¾ Source Jerk
¾ Pulsed Neutron Source (prompt decay analysis, prompt neutrons/delayed
neutrons analysis by areas)
9IEMPT, Nîmes, September 28, 2006

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FI6W-CT-2005-516520: Integrated Project on European Transmutation (EUROTRANS)New Proposal: GUINEVERE¾ Location: SCK-CEN Mol Belgium¾ Coupling experiment of an upgraded version of the GENEPI
accelerator (used in MUSE) to a fast spectrum core to be realisedin the VENUS facility at SCK-CEN¾ This European experiment will enable:¾ to complete the MUSE experiment¾ to perform a low-power coupling experiment with a continuous
beam¾ to validate the current / power relationship¾ to investigate the physics of a fast spectrum core simulating Pb
cooling¾ to address safety and licensing issues in front of the Belgium
authorities that will eventually licence XT-ADS
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FI6W-CT-2005-516520: Integrated Project on European Transmutation (EUROTRANS)

VENUS and GENEPI Today
VENUS is a very flexible watermoderated zero power facility

GENEPI is a pulsed neutron accelerator

1) High Voltage Head,2) duoplasmatron,
3) accelerator tube,
4) quad Q1,5) magnet,
9IEMPT, Nîmes, September 28, 2006

6) quad Q2,7) quad Q3,8) quad Q4 + T2 part,
9) MASURCA tube,
10) target
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FI6W-CT-2005-516520: Integrated Project on European Transmutation (EUROTRANS)

VENUS: Needed Modifications•••

Construction of additional accelerator building on top of reactor hallInstallation of modified GENEPI accelerator
To modify the water-moderated thermal reactor in a fast lead reactor,
the following main items were identified:– A shut-down system based on shut-down rods will have to be
developed.
– Construction of fuel assemblies (lead + fuel rodlets) for the coreand lead for the reflector– 30% enriched metal U-fuel– Supporting structure to reinforce the structures to carry the lead
– Adaptation fuel storage facilities– New exploitation procedures

9IEMPT, Nîmes, September 28, 2006

27

FI6W-CT-2005-516520: Integrated Project on European Transmutation (EUROTRANS)GENEPI: Needed Modifications
•
•

•

•

The duoplasmatron source used at the present time is designed for apulsed use and has to be changed to work in continuous mode.
Beam interruption operation will have to implemented: it could be
performed by driving the source itself (if possible it is the easiest), orby a fast electrical deflexion downstream on the beam line
(chopping).
The focusing structure has to be checked for the whole intensity
range required now (intense for pulsed mode and less intense incontinuous mode). Some modifications might be necessary.
The monitoring and control system of GENEPI 1-2 is performed by a
PC computer and electronics which are based on out of date items(dates from 1998). A completely new system based on modern
components and techniques has to be studied.

9IEMPT, Nîmes, September 28, 2006

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FI6W-CT-2005-516520: Integrated Project on European Transmutation (EUROTRANS)

DM3 AFTRA: Nuclear Fuel Development
Objective: Design, qualification and development of TRU-fuel for EFIT
Innovation: U-free oxide fuels + high MA content + Pb coolingIssues:¾ Fuel property data are sparse¾ Fuel behaviour under irradiation is unknown
Fuel modelling is not qualified
AFTRA technical work:¾ TRU-fuel design and performance assessment (modelling)¾ Fuel safety assessment (modelling)¾ Irradiation tests (on Am-based fuels)¾ Out-of-pile property measurements (on Am-based fuels)
Fuel selection: (from FP5 FUTURE and CONFIRM)¾ Oxide composite: (Pu, MA, Zr)O2 ; (Pu, MA)O2+MgO or Mo¾ Backup solution: Nitride inert matrix fuel: (Pu, MA, Zr)N
9IEMPT, Nîmes, September 28, 2006

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FI6W-CT-2005-516520: Integrated Project on European Transmutation (EUROTRANS)EFIT Fuel Pre-design, Performance, Safety¾ A screening study based on physical and chemical criteria has lead to apreliminary recommendation for fuels: (MAsOx–MgO) and (MAsOx-92Mo)
composites¾ A first performance and safety evaluation has been performed:

9 Best transmutation rate for MgO-Cercer fuel9 Best margins to failure for Mo-Cermet fuel

Ö Perspective: core optimisation calculations as for transmutation
efficiency, neutronic & thermal-hydraulic characteristics, safety behaviour.
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FI6W-CT-2005-516520: Integrated Project on European Transmutation (EUROTRANS)

In-pile Behaviour of MA Fuels¾ FUTURIX-FTA (PHENIX – June 07) :Irradiation of fuel candidates in EFIT (T and fast neutrons) representative
conditions, to qualify and validate thermo-mechanical models for performance
prediction.
(Pu, Am)O2+MgO, He bond(Pu, Am)O2+92Mo, He bond(Pu, Am, Zr)O2+92Mo, He bond (Pu, Am, Zr)N, Na bond Pu-Am-Zr, Na bond
¾ HELIOS (HFR – March 07) :Irradiation of fuel candidates to gain knowledge of the T and the microstructure
on He release and fuel behaviour.
(Am2Zr2O7)+MgO(Am,Zr,Y)O2(Pu,Am,Zr,Y)O2(Am,Zr,Y)O2 +92Mo(Pu,Am)O2+92Mo¾ BODEX (HFR – Oct.06) :Irradiation of 10B (surrogate of 241Am) doped inert matrices to model the helium
release.
(Y,Zr)O2
MgO
Mo
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FI6W-CT-2005-516520: Integrated Project on European Transmutation (EUROTRANS)

DM4 DEMETRA: Objectives¾ Improvement and assessment of the Heavy Liquid Metal (HLM)
technologies and thermal-hydraulics for application in ADS, where
the HLM is both the spallation material and the primary coolant.
¾ Characterisation of the reference structural materials in
representative
conditions
(with
and
without
irradiation
environment) in order to provide the data base needed for design
purposes, e.g. fuel cladding, in-vessel components, primary
vessel, instrumentation, spallation target with/w‘out beam window.
¾ Challenges:
Irradiation experiments in HLM
Large scale thermal-hydraulics tests
Long-term corrosion tests and mechanical tests in HLMFree surface characterisation¾ Reference Materials:
T91 steel for the highly loaded parts (e.g. cladding)
AISI 316L less demanding conditions (e.g. vessel)
Fe/Al coatings as corrosion protection barrier
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FI6W-CT-2005-516520: Integrated Project on European Transmutation (EUROTRANS)

systemCorrosionmechanism

Protection

Corrosion Mechanisms and Test Matrix

Î Whatever the protection
method is, an adequate OCS
is needed!

Oxide protection

Oxide
formation onmartensite andaustenite

Oxide
formation onmartensite

oxide layers
unstable

Mixed corrosion
mechanism :oxidation /dissolution on
austenite

500 °CÎ Test Matrix

Support the EFIT
design9IEMPT, Nîmes, September 28, 2006

550 °C

Loop

Texp
°C

ΔT
K

Flow ratem/s

Oxygen in LBE
wt.-%

CORRIDA (FZK)

550

150

2

10 -6

CICLAD (CEA)

550

-

1-5

10 -6

COLONRI (NRI)

550

50-150<< 1

10 -5–10 -8
Abnormal conditions

CU2 (IPPE/FZK)

500, 550, 600

< 250

1.3

10 -6

LECOR (ENEA)

450

100

1

Low oxygen
Windowless concept

LINCE (CIEMAT)

450

150

1

10 -6

Loop

Texp

ΔT

Flow rate

Oxygen in LBE

500

150

1

10-6

Experimental activities in Pb

CHEOPE III (ENEA)
Basic studies

FeAl based
coating stable

Experimental activities in LBE

Objectives

Materials:
Long-term
corrosion,modellinghightemperature
corrosion
barrierdevelopment(GESA)

FeAl based
coatings
protection

Transition zone

Testing in static conditions: welds, simulation of hot-spot and loss of O 2 , investigation on thesurface conditions effects

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FI6W-CT-2005-516520: Integrated Project on European Transmutation (EUROTRANS)

Mechanical Properties: LCF and DBTTÎ Low cycle fatigue testin air and LBE:
with / without GESA.

max. Dehnungsrate [%]10
Original an Luft
Original in PbBi
GESA in PbBi
GESA an Luft1

T91 / T91 +GESA at 550 °C
in air and LBE
0,1
100

1000

10000

Zyklenanzahl

Î Ductile to Brittle Transition
Temperature:
Transition temperature
increases and upper shellenergy decreases withincreasing radiation damage.

9IEMPT, Nîmes, September 28, 2006

Neutron Irradiation:
BOR 60 up to 325°C
and 42 dpa

34

FI6W-CT-2005-516520: Integrated Project on European Transmutation (EUROTRANS)

Thermal-hydraulics for Windowless Spallation Target
Glas window

out
inflowPressure
Transducers

Free surface modellingFree surface water experiments
UCL

Free surface experiment in
LBE, FZK

Thermal-hydraulics for Core

Single Pin experimentTall, KTH
9IEMPT, Nîmes, September 28, 2006

Fuel rod bundle experiment
THEADES, FZK

Integral experiment
CIRCE, ENEA
35

FI6W-CT-2005-516520: Integrated Project on European Transmutation (EUROTRANS)Window Target Configuration: MEGAPIEMEGAPIE Experiment is successfully operating!!

¾ Post Test Analysis gives unique opportunity to:¾ Validate neutronic and thermal-hydraulics predictions.
¾ Assess component performance, as e.g the EMPS after
irradiation.
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FI6W-CT-2005-516520: Integrated Project on European Transmutation (EUROTRANS)

DM5 NUDATRA: Objectives¾ Improvement and assessment of the simulation tools andassociated uncertainties for an ADS dedicated transmuter and its
associated fuel cycle.
¾ The activity is essentially focussed on the evaluated nuclear datalibraries and reaction models for materials in transmutation fuels,
coolants, spallation targets, internal structures, and reactor andaccelerator shielding, relevant for the design and optimisation of
the EFIT and XT-ADS.

Gelina @ Geel
(UE-Belgium)

Cyclotron @ Uppsala(Sweden)

9IEMPT, Nîmes, September 28, 2006

GSI @ Darmstadt (Germany)nTOF @ CERN (Switzerland)
and its TAS γ-calorimeter
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FI6W-CT-2005-516520: Integrated Project on European Transmutation (EUROTRANS)

Education and Training¾ Internal Training Courses (ITC) for PhD students andpostdocs (“doctoral school”), organised by ENEN.
¾¾¾¾

2 courses for each Domain = 10 in total
Participation: designed for 20 students
Duration: 4 days (from Wednesday to Saturday)
Lecturers: external and internal¾ Opportunity to learn from experts and share the recently
developed knowledge.
¾ Enlargement of the scope of the individual researchers to
the scope of all five Domains of EUROTRANS.
¾ Opportunity for researchers involved in EUROPART and
RED-IMPACT to learn from and exchange experience withEUROTRANS researchers.
9IEMPT, Nîmes, September 28, 2006

38

FI6W-CT-2005-516520: Integrated Project on European Transmutation (EUROTRANS)Internal Training Courses (ITC)
ITC

Year

Month Topic

Host

1

1

3

KTH

2
3

1
2

9
12

ADS: objectives, context, concepts, challenges(scientific and technical)

October 4-8 2005

Nuclear data for transmutation: status, needs andmethods

USDC

ADS thermal-hydraulics: system codes and CFD
codes, models and experimental validation

UCL

June 7-10 2006
December 6-9 2006

3

2

16

Accelerators and beam lines design

IAP-FU

5

2

20

Fuels and reactor structural materials

CIRTEN6

326Core design and reactor safety analysis

UPMUNED7

3

32

Impact of new nuclear data on the design oftransmutation experiments

CNRS

8

4

38

Impact of new results on the design of thespallation target and the subcritical blanket

CIRTEN9442Impact of new results on accelerator - reactor
coupling

TUD

10

4

46

Impact of new data on fuels for ADS

KTH/UU

9IEMPT, Nîmes, September 28, 2006

39

FI6W-CT-2005-516520: Integrated Project on European Transmutation (EUROTRANS)

External Training Activities¾ Status Workshops,¾ Direct link between P&T,
Generation IV and geologicaldisposal,

Frédéric Joliot/Otto Hahn

THE 2007 FREDERIC JOLIOT & OTTO HAHN
SUMMER SCHOOL ON NUCLEAR REACTORS“ PHYSICS, FUELS, AND SYSTEMS “¾ Frederic Joliot – Otto Hahn
Summer School 2007 at FZK:
“Sustainability of Nuclear
Energy: Generation IV,
Partitioning & Transmutation,
Waste Management”.

9IEMPT, Nîmes, September 28, 2006

jointly organized by the “Commissariat à l’Energie Atomique” (France)
and the “Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe” (Germany)

Sustainability of Nuclear Energy :Gen-IV, Partitioning & Transmutation, Waste Management

Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe

Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe, Germany
August 29 – September 7, 200740

FI6W-CT-2005-516520: Integrated Project on European Transmutation (EUROTRANS)

Conclusions¾ The strategic outcome of EUROTRANS is expected to provide astate-of-the-art, reliable basis for the assessment of the technicalfeasibility of transmutation by ADS and a first estimate of the costof an ADS based transmutation system.
¾ It is also expected to provide important input elements toauthorities to decide whether to embark on the detailed
engineering design of an ADS for transmutation (being the XTADS) and its eventual construction after completion of this project.
¾ Provide input to:¾ P&T Roadmap Activity: PATEROS¾ Sustainable Nuclear Fission Technology Platform: SNF-TP¾ EUROTRANS includes 30 partners from 17 countries (10industries, 19 research centres, ENEN represents 14 universities);
links to Belarussian, Russian, US, Japanese research institutions.
¾ Education and
EUROTRANS.
9IEMPT, Nîmes, September 28, 2006

Training

Activities

are

a

major

issue

of
41

FI6W-CT-2005-516520: Integrated Project on European Transmutation (EUROTRANS)

Thank you.

9IEMPT, Nîmes, September 28, 2006

42