Room A, 15:50-18:10, August 14, 2014

Panel Discussion on

The Role of Thermal Science in Meeting
Societal Challenges
Panelists
Yildiz Bayazitoglu

Dimos Poulikakos

Rice University

Swiss Federal Institute of Technologyin Zurich

Yogesh Jaluria
Rutgers University

Joon Sik LeePeter StephanTechnische Universitat Darmstadt

Seoul National University

Moderator Nobuhide Kasagi
Japan Science & Technology Agency / The University of Tokyo

What Is Our Role Beyond the History of
Thermal Science? Non-equilibrium
Thermodynamics

Thermodynamics

Fluid Mechanics

NewtonWatt
Rayleigh

CarnotJoule1800

Fourier

McAdams
PrandtlReynolds

von Karman

BiotNukiyama

Graetz1900
ClasiusThomsonMaxwell

GrashofStefanSchmidt
Sherwood

Nusselt

ColburnPlanck

Tien

2000

Jakob

Statistical
Mechanics
Boltzmann

StantonHeatMachTransfer
Quantum
Mechanics

Prigogine

Luikov

EckertRohsenow?
Micro/Nano
Smalley ScienceGrowth and Expansion on Our Planet
CO2 Concentration (ppm)

102Mtoe

Energy Consumption

Gas
Oil
Coal

Year

Measured at Mauna Loa,
Hawaii
Measured from ancient air bubbles
trapped in South Polar ice coresYear

During the 20th Century:
World population from 1.65 to 6.1 x109 (3.7 times)

Energy consumption from 0.5 to 9 Btoe (19 times)

CO2 concentration from 300 to 380 ppm (400 ppm in 2013)

Global Trends and Social Wish in
the 21st Century
 Technology breakthrough, innovation, and globalization

leading to rapid changes in industrial structures andsocial systems
 Nano, bio and information technologies
 High-speed digital communication, massive transportation
 Personalized health/medical care, smart energy, ubiquitous

finance Economy of scale to economy of satisfaction

Social wish for “Sustainable Development” that meets theneeds of the present without compromising the ability of
future generations to meet their need
 Our Common Future (Brundtland Report)(UNEP, 1987)

Science in Society and Science forSociety Declaration on Science and the Use of Scientific

Knowledge adopted by the World Conference on
Science (ICSU), Budapest, 1 July 1999
1. Science for knowledge; knowledge for progress
2. Science for peace
3. Science for development
4. Science in society and science for society
 Social Contract for Science proposed by J. Lubchenco(Science, 1998):

STI Policy Movement in Japan Major issues such as recovery andrebuilding, future energy plan,deindustrialization, aging withdeclining population, sovereigndebt, economic crisis …….. after
2011 Great East Japan Earthquake
 4th Science and Technology Basic Plan (rev. 2011)

Restoration and reconstruction
Green innovation, Life innovation
Issue-driven R&D strategy…….
S&T budget for FY2013 ~ ¥4.6T (US$46B) (+25%)

Research Funding as a % of GDP for
2008-11GBAORDGBAORD: Government budget appropriations or outlays for R&D as a % of GDP(STI Outlook 2012, OECD)

Seeds-push vs Issue-driven Research(Bottom-up vs Top-down)
Scientific research inmost cases driven byscientist’s curiosity

Society wantsfulfillment of theirwishes

Seeds-push research

ScientificMotivation

SocietalChallenges
Issue-driven research How to effectively link science to innovation, economic

growth and social welfareImportant Questions

 Roles of scientists and engineers of thermal science inresolving various societal issues and enabling further
societal development?
 How research themes and schemes to be designed inorder to meet societal challenges, while keeping
spontaneous motivation of researchers in issuedriven (top-down) research?