Subaru and Subaru 2

Satoshi Miyazaki2023-09-27
Presentation for 2023 Kosekitenren Symposium at Mitaka•Operation•

Telescope Maintenance and the Upgrade•

Observing Instrument Development•

Others•Science Highlights•

Annual budget•

Priority for the observatory2

From Subaru SAC Jan 17

Operation

Severe winter storm caused significant impacts.

heavy snow

Az encoder contamination
by hydrostatic bearing oil

Why it failed•

Photo taken on
Dec. 17, 2022 HST4

Operation
Bad Weather

M1 recoating
volcanic activity(high humidity & high SO2)

Observation

EL cable wrapper/duct
covid-195

Operation
Telescope Time Statistics in 2021
Subaru Telescope Time : 2021

21.5%
Bad Weather
Earthquakes,

3.1% COVID-19
1.0%

Observation

5.6% Slip-ring,
Main shutter

68.6%

2022/01/11

Weather

Other

Instrument

Gen2

Operation

Observation

Subaru UM 2021

Telescope

21

Presented by Yoshida-san last year

Photo taken by Oka-san
5 am Nov. 29, 2022 HST7

Operation•

Mauna Loa Eruption•2022/11/27 23:30 HST after 38 years•

Lava flow stopped before the saddle road•

Impacts on the operation•

Cancel two nights (Nov28,29) to secure theobservatory staff (The weather was bad anyway)•Sky was too bright due to the lava glow on Nov
30.

•Necessary to close the dome when the level ofSO2 and/or volcanic ash increased•sensor SO2:Gemini, particle:Keck•Observing became intermittent since Dec 2till Dec 14.

SO2 + H2 O ! H2 SO3<latexit sha1_base64="TvUMerT7dEF8te/H4RGboAoSPhM=">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</latexit>

sulfite: toxic

From Subaru SAC Aug 29

Operation

Az DPA Faults (Current LoopError); currently operating Az
using 3 out of 4 motors

HSC filter stuck (manual operationneeded for recovery; only for a
specific filter)

image elongation during focus
sequence of HSC; telescope
controller send abnormal signal
to the AZ driveTelescope

Reflectivity drop over 4 yearsBlue Light

10

from Terai reportProgress of Mirror Re-coating
Cleaning of M1 completed

11Telescope

The result

12

from Okita report

13

Operation

Proposal Statistics

Crisis !

Operation•

S23Bより学生PIの現地観測を再開•

学生分の旅費は支援。観測後の滞在もOK。

•

教育目的

•

観測所運用を担う後継者の発掘••できればポスドクまで拡大したい（予算制限）

Un-manned Night Operation体制に移行後は実施不可能

Operation

16

Operation•

夜間無人観測 (非常にPriority高い)•

Conceptual Studyは概ね完了••

前回Subaru UM青木報告

実施計画をHead of Engineering (早野)を中心に策定しようとしている•

山麓からの通信が途絶えた時に、自律的に望遠鏡をシャットダウンするシステムが重要

•

安全対策
••

日中のメンテナンス作業(有人)との切り替え

三菱電機より、安全に対する考え方の整理(難題)を求められて、止まっている

17

Operation

Subaru-Keck exchange summary
We exchanged 5.0n (S21A), 8.0n (S21B), 5.5n (S22A), 4.5n (S22B) with Keck.

Subaru àKeck

Keck à(approved in S21A/S21B/S22A/S22B)

DEIMOSOSIRISLRISMOSFIRENIRSPEC
KCWI
NIRC2
HIRES

Subaru(approved in S21A/S21B/S22A/S22B)

2%
4%

7%

4%

9%

13%
24%

9%
11%

HSC
MOSFIRE
48%

HSC
IRD

CHARIS(+MEC)
VAMPIRES(+FPDI)

70%

Operation

Subaru-Gemini exchange summary
Subaru àGemini(approved in S21A/S21B/S22A/S22B)

N (proposal)= 3.5 /semester
N (approved nights) = 4.2 n/semester
1%

GMOS(N)NIFS
NIRI
GMOS(S)GPIFLAMINGOS-2
GSAOI+GeMS
6%Zorro
GNIRS
Maroon-X

Gemini àSubaru(approved in S21A/S21B/S22A/S22B)

N (proposal)= 3.8 /semester
N (approved nights) = 7.0 n /semester

6%
11%

11%

2%

14%

50%

23%NIFS

4%

GMOS(N)HDSFPDIVAMPIRESHSC
CHARIS

HSC
73%# Note 1: Subaruà Gemini FT programs are not included.
# Note 2: Geminià Subaru statistics include 1 HSC intensive program approved in 20B.

From Subaru SAC Aug 29

Telescope

Items that require down time

major summit work plan for 2022 - 2024 (as of 8/25/2023)
Main Shutter Inspection; 1 week
TUE maintenance; 3 weeks (no TUE)
M1 prep
Tel/Dome

M1 recoatingM1 recoating facilityoverhaul

dome A/C replacement

PFS
New Laser

M1 recoating facility overhaul

dome A/C replacement (completion date: TBD)
TUE2; 10 weeks (no TUE for the first 1.5month)

Annual Elec & Mech
MainteFacility chillers upgrade (7/2023-3/2024; no DT in S23B)

PFS?

dome A/C replacement
Facility chillers upgrade

Main shutter sensor replacement (~ no DT?)
TBD: Dome drive system renewal ( ~ about 2 weeks DT)

Inspection for hydraulic system overhaul TBD (2-3 weeks DT in July?)
TBD: AZ/EL drive system maintenance (after FY2024 or later ; ~ a month DT?)
20

New

Development•

New laser•••

Will by available in S23B on shared-risk basis

PFS•

Had the first light last fall.

•Start of open use expected from S24B

GLAO•

PDR passed last December, FDR preparation underway
21

Science Highlight Subaru Press/Web Release 2022
1. Multi-wavelength Study Shows First Comprehensive View of a Stellar Flyby Event (Jan. 13)
2. Subaru Telescope Images Planet Just Starting to Form (Apr. 4)
3. Neptune is cooler than we thought (Apr. 11)
4. Missing-Link Black Hole Found Lurking in Plain Sight (Apr. 13)
5. Supermassive Black Holes Inside of Dying Galaxies Detected in Early Universe (May 26)
6. Near-Sun Comet Roasted to Death (Jun. 14)
7. Brief Encounter with Mysterious Heavenly Event (Jul. 12)
8. Measuring the Universe with Star-Shattering Explosions (Jul. 21)
9. Can a Super-Earth around a Low-Mass Star Harbor Life? (Jul. 31)
10. Scientists Reveal Distribution of Dark Matter around Galaxies 12 billion Years Ago (Aug. 1)
11. Milky Way is Somewhat Normal but not Completely Normal (Aug. 30)
12. Discovery of Two Temperate Super-Earths, the Outer One Orbits in the Habitable Zone (Sep. 8)
13. 40-Year Study Finds Mysterious Patterns in Temperatures at Jupiter (Dec. 20)
14. Black Hole Activity May Protect Growth of Other Galaxies (Dec. 21)

Solar system Exoplanets Stars Galaxies Cosmology

22from Ishii list

Publications

Number of Publications

188 papers in 2022

180

Papers per one telescope

160140152 papers in 2021
12010080604020013579111315

Year from operation start
Subaru UM 2021

171921232022/01/11

13

Presented by Yoshida-san last year

Annual publications per telescope

Publications

Year from operation startAnnual publications per telescope

Publications

Year from operation startAnnual Budget

Subaru Telescope annual budget
from FY2013 to FY2021

Salary of NAOJ permanent
staff is not included

from MEXT from Mitaka HQ
概算要求

Supplemental budget
from MEXT for naturaldisaster
災害復旧経費（補正予算）

NAOJ運営費交付金

Supplemental budget from MEXTfor remote observation andaluminization system overhaul
補正予算 遠隔観測システム
蒸着装置改修・蒸着

2500

Telescope & Domemajor refurbishmentfrom MEXT

90Million JPY (~20:¥110, 21:¥105/USD)

428
2000

216

297

313

395

1500

322
2237
1000

施設整備費 望遠鏡・ドーム改修経費

659

165

152
134

176
141

200

249

260

181

1940
1690

1690

1649
1217

500

1017

1017

983

PFS, GLAO
development fromMitaka HQPFS, GLAO Aプロジェクト
経費

RegularOperation
通常運用経費This part will be secured from FY2022.
02013
2022/01/11

2014

2015

2016

2017

2018

Subaru UM 2021

262019

2020

2021
40

Presented by Yoshida-san at UM2021

Annual Budget

Salary of NAOJ permanent
staff is not included
Supplemental budget from MEXT for
remote observation andaluminization system overhaul

Supplemental budget fromMEXT for natural disaster
災害復旧経費(補正予算)

from MEXT

補正予算

概算要求

from Mitaka HQ
NAOJ運営費交付金

2500

Dome A/C renewal from MEXT
施設整備費

Million JPY (~20:¥110, 21:¥105/USD)

蒸着装置改修・蒸着

Supplemental budget fromMEXT for AZ/EL refurbishment and chiller renewal

ドーム空調改修経費

90

428
2000

216

297

313

659

1500

322
1000

遠隔観測システム

2237
1940

1690

1690

395

補正予算

501

165

176
141200249260

蒸着装置改修・蒸着
Supplementalbudget from MEXT
for GLAO development
補正予算GLAO開発費

AZ/EL refurbishment from MEXT

300

152
134181?

遠隔観測システム

350

設整備費 方位高度軸改修

90
126
163

PFS, GLAO
Develoment from Mitaka
HQ
PFS, GLAO Aプロジェクト経費

1649
1217

500

Regular operations
1017

1017

983

983

2019

2020

2021

2022

通常運営経費

02013

2014

2015

2016

2017

2018

Support from the funding agency is steady but …

27

FY23のプロジェクト/部門全体の組織目標(年度)
1.
2.

すばる望遠鏡が質・量ともに十分な研究成果を生み出せるように、共同利用観測を着実に実施する。
老朽化する望遠鏡に対して、安全、安定した運用ができるよう対策をとる。

3.

既存観測装置のデコミッションを策定されたプランに従って実施し、運営費の軽減を図る。

4.

Hyper Suprime-Cam (HSC)を安定に運用し、キュー観測運用を拡大し、着実に共同利用観測進める。

5.

山頂夜間無人化を、年次計画を立案し、これを着実に進める。

6.

Kavli-IPMUが率いるPrime Focus Spectrograph(PFS)製作に協力し、望遠鏡・ドーム改修を含めPFSの受入・組立・調整試験を実施する。またプリンストン大学を中心に進む、PFSデータ解析ソフト開発に協力する。

7.

天文データセンター(ADC)と密接に協力し、HSC・PFSのデータ公開・研究利用基盤を構築し、共同利用に供する。ADCとは、必要に応じて仕事の分担・責任範囲の移行について協議し、これを実行する。

8.

先端技術センター(ATC)と密接に協力し、望遠鏡及び観測の機能強化と性能向上を図る。

9. 研究のメンターをおくことで、研究系スタッフの研究活動をさらに活発化させる。
10. マウナケア天文台の他観測所と連携し、ハワイで天文学が持続的に発展できるよう、地元における理解の増進に努める。
11. 岡山分室の業務を通じて、京都大学3.8m望遠鏡の共同利用に協力する。
12. TMTプロジェクトとの連携強化をはかり、TMTとの一体運用に向けた具体的な検討を進める。

国立天文台執行部から与えられた目標

28

OthersMKO Directors Meeting: Recent Topics•Keck urges us to discuss how to deal with the renewal of sublease in 2033
by showing the following diagram.
••Background:•Time is limited.

•The progress of new authority is not quite visible.

Agreements so far:•Have bi-weekly meeting•First topics is how to prepare EIS (Environment Impact Statement);
individually or as a whole ?

•Reviewing the EIS works done by UH is the first thing to do29

Possible time line toward the renewal of sublease presented at MKO DirectorsMeeting on June 27, 2023 by KeckDiscussion aboutthe selection ofsurviver must
start in 2025

Decommission
must startin 2027

Sublease
will expire
in 2033

UHの山頂管理者としてのUH ofBoardof Regents
Resolutionin Aug 2023

Three telescopes
will be selectedby the end of 2025
for decommissions

立ち位置は法的に微妙ではあるが、New Authority(MKSOA)を急かしてくれて30いるのはありがたい。

Governor and Maunakea Stewardship andOversight Authority visit to Mauna (Aug. 30, JST)
•This was the first time for MKSOA member to get together in person
since the establishment in 2022/07•

Half day tour of the summit•Gemini telescope visit (~ 45 min)•Drive around the summit with pauses at TMT construction site and CSO•One representatives per MKO served as drivers between Hale Pohaku
and the summit•

Conversations strong encouraged to know each other•

I drove J11 and the passengers include …
31

Seat Assignments for the tour transportation

32

33

Governor and Maunakea Stewardship andOversight Authority visit to Mauna (Aug. 30, JST)34

Governor and Maunakea Stewardship andOversight Authority visit to Mauna (Aug. 30, JST)35

これからのすばる望遠鏡を考える時に重要なのは・・・•ユニークネス•国際協力••

最先端観測施設へのアクセスを持つ人々との協力が特に重要•

国際共同運用TMT時代(10年後)へのシフトを意識•すばるでしかできない観測に特化 ?

•Space Program用装置のテストベンチ ?
•ナスミスAO装置群 (次回UMでサマリー:田村(直))36