PRINCE
on Subaru II
Yoshiaki Taniguchi (Open University of Japan)

https://www.subarutelescope.org/Gallery/gallery_images/sn16_s.jpg

PRINCE
Subaru PRime Focus INtegral
Cosmic FiEld Unit
主焦点 IFUhttps://www.subarutelescope.org/Gallery/gallery_images/sn16_s.jpg

Subaru II@ Chilehttps://www.subarutelescope.org/Gallery/gallery_images/sn16_s.jpg

W. M. Keck Observatory

Keck I

Keck II

http://www.keckobservatory.org/media/maunakea-summit/

Very Large Telescope

Keck II

from UT 1 to UT4
https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/超大型望遠鏡VLT

Gemini Observatory
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawaiian_Islands#/media/File:2003-3d-hawaiian-islands-usgs-i2809.jpg

NorthSouth

https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/北アメリカ

https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/南アメリカ

https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/ジェミニ天文台

Why one Subaru ?

Subaru Observatory in 2025

Subaru I

Subaru II
https://www.subarutelescope.org/Gallery/gallery_images/dome_full_s.jpg

Subaru II @ Chile
Prime Focus only (F < 2)
PRINCE
only
Subaru I

Subaru II

Subaru II Site
E-ELT site Cero Amazones 3046 m

If possible, this seems the best solution
https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/elt/Subaru II @ Chilemonolithic or mosaic mirror?
8m or larger ?
Subaru I
small but tough domeetc

How to reduce its cost ?

PRINCEe.g., FoV = 1 sq degree
Fiber diameter = 2 arcsec φ1800 x 1800 = 3.24 x 106 fibers
3240 dispersers
3240 CCDs

PRINCEFor simplicity, imagine the followings

Fiber = 1000 x 1000 = 106 fibers
Detector = 2000 with 2kx2k pixels
λ/Δλ = 2000
Spectrograph = 2000
If one spectrograph costs 0.1 billion JPY
we need 200 billion JPY for only spectrograph …..

Many action itemsNeeds micro lens array ?
Which type of detectors ?
(CCD, CMOS, or …)
High-performance, low-cost
spectrograph ?
・・・・・

Necessity is
the mother of invention
必要は発明の母

Something will happen
何とかなるさPRINCE Survey
5 hours / pointing
1000 sq degree field → 1000 pointings
5000 hrs→3
years
forthe1stcool
Subaru I

Subaru II

Science with PRINCE[ex] Probing the origin of the most distant DLA @ z = 6.4
Ogura et al. (Subaru S20A with FOCAS IFU)
FoV of VLT MUSE

10 arcmin
500 kpc×500 kpc

7 pointings
with FOCAS IFU

origin of high-z DLA
evolution of large-scale filaments

If we have PRINCE
PRINCE FoV

1 degree

500 kpc×500 kpc

Science with PRINCE
Unbiased Deep Spectroscopic Survey- Targets galaxies
active galactic nuclei
intergalactic mediumany

Science with PRINCE
Unbiased Deep Spectroscopic Survey
Explore coevolution amonggalaxies, SMBHs, & IGM
Explore cosmic reionization history
Time domain astronomy
ToO is welcome

Synergy withLSST
E-ELT
GMT
TAO (MIR)
ALMA (submm, mm)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Large_Synoptic_Survey_Telescope

https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/elt/

https://www.gmto.org/overview/

http://www.ioa.s.u-tokyo.ac.jp/TAO/en/

https://alma-telescope.jp/gallerytag/aos#mt-20_1

PRINCEHow much ?
I don’t know…
But try less than 170 billion JPY??????

Subaru II
How much ?
I don’t know…
But try less than 30 billion JPY

PRINCE + Subaru II
Try less than 200 billion JPY
comparable to the initial cost of HST
but much cheeper than that of JWST (1000 billion JPY)

What shall we seeusing PRINCE on Subaru II ?

The Millennium Simulation (VIRGO)
https://wwwmpa.mpa-garching.mpg.de/galform/virgo/

Here we go !
The Millennium Simulation (VIRGO)
https://wwwmpa.mpa-garching.mpg.de/galform/virgo/

PRINCEon Subaru II@ Chile
https://www.subarutelescope.org/Gallery/gallery_images/sn16_s.jpg

Acknowledgement
The PRINCE project came from intensive discussion in the Galaxy-IGM
Workshop 2019 held at Kitami Institute of Technology during a period
between Aug 5 and 9, 2019. The main members are as follows(alphabetical order); Takuya Hashimoto, Takashi Hattori, Akio Inoue,Nobunari Kashikawa, Yuichi Matsuda, Yoshiki Matsuoka, Toru, Misawa,Rieko Momose, Kazuyuki Ogura, Yoshiaki Ono, Masami Ouchi, Shinobu
Ozaki, Hideki Umehata, Masayuki Umemura, & Hidenobu Yajima
We also thank Mikio Kurita, Hideki Takami, & Michitoshi Yoshida, foruseful discussion. In particular, Mikio Kurita gave us useful technicalcomments on IFU that improved this presentation.
Special thanks are due to Satoshi Miyazaki and Hitoshi Murayama for
their kind encouragement.