Graduate students testing the RHICf detector installed in the

Vehicleaccelerator

Solar Wind Imaging Facility (SWIFT)

Pulsating auroral patches appeared above the HAARP site
in Alaska

Japan-China-Korea Cooperative Cruise in East China Sea

Drilling of sediment core in Vietnam

Special lecture on ISEE Open day

Address: Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya Aichi 464-8601, Japan

http://www.isee.nagoya-u.ac.jp/

Published in September 2017 by Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University
Edited by Public Relations and Outreach Committee, Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University
TEL: +81-52-747-6303, FAX: +81-52-747-6313

FY2 01 6

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research,
Nagoya University

A nnual Report

A small-sized PM2.5 detecter devised by Matsumi Lab.

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University

Launch of ERG (ARASE) aboard the second Epsilon LaunchInstitute forSpace–Earth Environmental Research
Nagoya University

Annual Report

FY2016

Institute forSpace–Earth Environmental Research
Nagoya University

Annual Report

April 2016–March 2017

Contents
1. Foreword ........................................................................................................... 2
2. History ............................................................................................................... 4
3. Organization ..................................................................................................... 5
4. Staff ................................................................................................................... 6
5. Committee of Other Organizations ................................................................10
Committee of Other Organizations

6. Joint Research Programs ...............................................................................12
Lists of Accepted Proposals/ Lists of Collaboration Resources

7. Governance .....................................................................................................16
Advisory Board/ Collaborative Research Committee/ Joint Research Technical Committee/ Steering
Committee of the Center for International Collaborative Research/ Steering Committee of the Center for
Integrated Data Science/ Steering Committee of the Center for Orbital and Suborbital Research

8. Finance.............................................................................................................21
External Funding and Industry–Academia–Government Collaborations/ Library/ Properties

9. Research Topics ..............................................................................................23
9-1 Research Divisions ................................................................................................................................... 24
Division for Integrated Studies/ Cosmic-Ray Research/ Heliospheric Research/ Ionospheric andMagnetospheric Research/ Meteorological and Atmospheric Research/ Land–Ocean Ecosystem Research/
Chronological Research

9-2 Research Centers...................................................................................................................................... 52
Center for International Collaborative Research (CICR)/ Integrated Data Science (CIDAS)/ Orbital andSuborbital Observations (COSO)

9-3 Interdisciplinary Researches ................................................................................................................... 58
Project for Solar–Terrestrial Climate Research/ Space–Earth Environment Prediction/ the Interaction of
Neutral and Plasma Atmospheres/ Aerosol and Cloud Formation

10. Publications and Presentations .....................................................................66
Papers (in refereed Journals, April 2016–March 2017)/ Books (April 2016–March 2017)/ Publication ofProceedings/ Conference Presentations (April 2016–March 2017)/ Awards

11. Education ......................................................................................................... 86
Graduate Programs/ Number of Students Supervised by ISEE Staff/ Faculty Members/ Undergraduate Education

12. International Relations .................................................................................... 89
Academic Exchange/ Research Projects/ Visitors from Foreign Institutes/ Seminars by Foreign Visitors

13. Outreach ........................................................................................................ 107
Public Lectures, Open Labs, and School Visits

11. Foreword

1. Foreword
In the 21st century, humanity is evolving both qualitatively andquantitatively at a rate that is not seen previously. Suchdevelopments include the accelerated growth of informatization, thespace exploration throughout the solar system, and rapid climatechange on a global scale that poses a threat to all biological species
and the society as a whole. All these factors combine to result in thecreation of a new world that is at the forefront of human experience.
In order to address the challenges of this future, it is crucially
important to develop science and technology from a novel
perspective beyond the conventional framework.
The Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research (ISEE), Nagoya University, is a new research instituteestablished on October 1, 2015 through the consolidation of three institutes, namely, Solar-Terrestrial Environment
Laboratory (STEL), Hydrospheric Atmospheric Research Center (HyARC), and the Center for Chronological Research. The
mission of ISEE is to investigate the complex relationships that exist between the Earth, Sun, and Space by treating them asa continuous system and to contribute to solving issues related to global environment problems and the spread of humanity
throughout space.
To realize these goals, ISEE has seven research divisions including Integrated Studies, Cosmic-Ray Research,
Heliospheric Research, Ionospheric and Magnetospheric Research, Meteorogical and Atmospheric Research, Land–Ocean
Ecosystem Research, and Chronological Research. Furthermore, to facilitate collaborative research, ISEE comprises threeresearch centers, namely, Center for International Collaborative Research, Center for Integrated Data Science, and Center
for Orbital and Suborbital Observations. An advisory board comprising experts from relevant fields has also been establishedwith the principle aim of incorporating the opinions of various communities into the strategy and management of the institute.
The main role of ISEE is to work as a hub for related research fields to foster scientific research through integration andcommunication and to contribute to the creation of new disciplines. To fulfill these roles ISEE has obtained support from the
Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology as the Joint Usage/Research Center for Space–EarthEnvironmental Research for 6 years starting from April 2016. To this end, ISEE promotes activities that build a researchbase for comprehensively understanding the space–earth environment. This is conducted by the collaboration of space andearth scientists in Japan and other parts of the world. As part of this joint and collaborative research ISEE performs thefollowing programs: (1) ISEE International Joint Research Program, (2) ISEE/CICR International Workshop, (3) ISEEInternational Collaboration, (4) ISEE Joint Research, (5) ISEE Symposia /Workshops, (6) ISEE Joint Research for Young
Scientists, (7) ISEE Computer Usage Joint Program, (8) ISEE Database Joint Program, and (9) ISEE Accelerator Mass
Spectrometer Usage Joint Program.
To promote interdisciplinary research, four target research fields were selected as priority areas. The first priority areais the solar-terrestrial climate research with the main focus on understanding the mechanism of long-term influence of solar
activity on climate. The second priority area is the interaction of neutral and plasma atmospheres. Here the dynamical andchemical interactions between various atmospheric layers are investigated using ground-based remote sensing techniques
and in situ satellite measurements as well as global and regional high-resolution models of neutral-plasma interactions. The
2

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research1. Foreword

third priority area involves the study of cloud and aerosol formation that is crucially important to understanding the radiationbudget of the Earth. The final priority area focuses on the earth–space environment where the principle aim is to develop
next generation space weather forecasting systems through the development of synergistic interactions between predictive
and scientific research of the solar-terrestrial environment.
The fiscal year 2016 was the first year of the ISEE joint research program. Although the start of the program was slightly
delayed, it resulted in 245 collaborative studies being undertaken. In particular, foreign researchers from various countries
using the joint program were invited and collaborative research and seminars took place not only in ISEE but also in various
locations throughout Japan. These activities contributed greatly to the development of international communication and theenhancement of innovative research capabilities at ISEE.
Education and human resource development are also an important focus of ISEE. Each laboratory in ISEE belongs to
one of three graduate schools, namely, the Graduate School of Science, the Graduate School of Engineering, or the Graduate
School of Environmental Studies in Nagoya University. In ISEE, the graduate students from these three different graduate
schools cooperate openly through interdisciplinary discussions. Such integrated graduate school education is a unique
opportunity that aids in the development of flexible problem solving skills.
Many outreach activities were performed in FY2016 and included the open laboratory event as part of the Nagoya
University Festival (June), public lectures on the theme of “Storms” in space and on Earth (July), the summer holiday eventfor elementary and junior high school that gave students the opportunity to learn about paleo-climate and long-term variationof solar activity through the analysis of tree rings and yearly sediment (August), the public lecture to mark the 10th
anniversary of solar observation satellite “Hinode” (September), and the laboratory opening at Nagoya University
Homecoming Day (October). Many research results were also actively published as press releases such as the discovery ofa precursor solar flare phenomenon, the observation of extrasolar planets that highlighted important aspects of planetogenesis,
the discovery of extreme cosmic rays events, the direct observation of oxygen traveling from the Earth to Moon, thedevelopment of new simulations for the prediction of magnetic storms, and the development of new measurement methodof solar coronal magnetic field using radio waves. A citizen participation science event was also held in cooperation withISEE laboratories located in Rikubetsu-cho, Hokkaido and Tarumizu-cho, Kagoshima. Through the activities citizens
demonstrated their interest in the research taking place at ISEE facilities.
FY2016 is the second year of operation of ISEE and the first year of operation of the Joint Usage/Research center forSpace–Earth Environmental Research. This annual report summarizes research results and important activities that havetaken place at these facilities during this time. I took office as the director of ISEE on behalf of Prof. Shinobu Machida in
April 2017. My personal vision is to extend the frontier of science through the invaluable contribution of all ISEE staff. As
a new center of scientific excellence, we hope to play a vital through our contribution to the society. Therefore, with the aims
and goals presented above, I would like to ask for your continued support and cooperation.
Kanya Kusano
Director

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research 3

2. History

2. History
Solar-Terrestrial Environment
Laboratory

Hydrospheric AtmosphericResearch Center (HyARC)

May, 1949

April, 1957

Research Institute of Atmospherics,
Nagoya University was established.

April, 1958

Cosmic-ray Research Laboratory,
Faculty of Science, Nagoya University
was established.

The Nagoya University Centerfor Chronological Research

The Water Research Laboratory,
Faculty of Science, Nagoya
University was established.

September, 1973

The Water Research Institute (WRI),
Nagoya University was organized.

February, 1981

The Tandetron Accelerator Laboratory
was established in the Radioisotope
Research Center of Nagoya University.

March, 1982

Installation of the Tandetron
Accelerator Mass Spectrometry(AMS) machine No.1 was completed.

January, 1987

June, 1990

The Solar-Terrestrial Environment
Laboratory (STEL) was established.

April, 1995

The Center for Joint Observations andData Processing was organized.

Inter-University Service of 14C
measurements was started with theTandetron AMS machine No.1.

April, 1993

The Institute for HydrosphericAtmospheric Sciences (IHAS),
Nagoya University was organized.

June, 1990

The Nagoya University Dating andMaterial Research Center was
established.

March, 1997

The Tandetron AMS machine No. 2
was newly introduced.

April, 2001
April, 2003

The Rikubetsu Observatory wasorganized.

The Hydrospheric AtmosphericResearch Center (HyARC), Nagoya
University was established.

April, 2004

April, 2000

The Nagoya University Center for
Chronological Research wasorganized.The CHIME dating system
was transferred from the School of
Science.

The Geospace Research Center was
established.

March, 2006

Laboratory was relocated to the
Higashiyama Campus

April, 2010

Approved as one of the Joint
Usage/Research Centers

April, 2010

Approved as one of the Joint
Usage/Research Centers

October, 2015,

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research (ISEE), merging the laboratory
and two centers, was established.
January, 2016ISEE was approved as one of the Joint Usage/Research Centers.

4

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research3. Organizaiton

3. Organization
Research Department

Integrated Studies

Advisory
Board

Director

Cosmic-Ray
Research

Faculty Council

HeliosphericResearch
Ionospheric andMagnetospheric Research

Vice
Directors
Collaborative
Research Committee

Meteorological andAtmospheric Research
Land–Ocean
Ecosystem Research
ChronologicalResearchCenter for International
Collaborative Research
Moshiri Observatory
Rikubetsu
Observatory
Fuji Observatory
Kagoshima
Observatory
Center for Integrated Data Science

Center for Orbital and Suborbital
Observations
Technical Support Divisions(Technical Center of Nagoya University)

Library
Library, SolarTerrestrial Sciences(ISEE Libary #1)
Library, HydrosphericAtmospheric Sciences(ISEE Library #2)

Administrative Department

Committees

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research54. Staff

4. Staff
Director

Shinobu Machida

Vice Directors

Joji Ishizaka

Vice Directors

Kanya Kusano

Division for Integrated Studies

April 1, 2016–March 31, 2017✱：Concurrent post▲：Left the Institute in the 2016 academic year○：Joined the Institute in the 2016 academic year

Division for Ionospheric and Magnetospheric Research
Professor

Masafumi Hirahara

Professor

Shinobu Machida

Professor

Kazuo Shiokawa (✱)

Professor

Kanya Kusano (✱)

Designated Professor

Ryoichi Fujii ▲Associate Professor

Satoshi Masuda

Associate Professor

Yuichi Otsuka

Associate Professor

Yoshizumi Miyoshi (✱)

Associate Professor

Satonori Nozawa

Designated Associate Professor

Shinji Saito *1

Associate Professor

Nozomu Nishitani (✱)

Lecturer

Takayuki Umeda (✱)

Lecturer

Shin-ichiro Oyama

Assistant Professor

Akimasa Ieda

Designated Assistant Professor

Masaki Nishino *1

Assistant Professor

Shinsuke Imada

Researcher

Atsuki Shinbori ○Researcher

Haruhisa Iijima ○Researcher

Mitsuru Matsumura ○Research Institution Researcher

Yasunori Tsugawa

Research Institution Researcher

Tetsuo Motoba ▲JSPS Research Fellowship

Satoshi Kurita ▲Vsiting Academic Staff/Visiting Faculty Members

JSPS Research Fellowship

Shoya Matsuda ○Visiting Associate Professor

Yasunobu Ogawa

Vsiting Academic Staff/Visiting Faculty Members

Visiting Associate Professor

Yoshifumi Saito

Visiting Professor

Visiting Associate Professor

Ayako Matsuoka

JSPS Postdoctral Fellowship for

Cai Lei ○Kiyoto Shibasaki*1 Belongs to Graduate School of Science

Research in Japan

Division for Cosmic-Ray Research
Professor

Yoshitaka Itow

Professor

Hiroyasu Tajima (✱)

Associate Professor

Kimiaki Masuda

Associate Professor

Yutaka Matsubara

Associate Professor

Fumio Abe (✱)

Designated Associate Professor

Kazutaka Yamaoka *1

Lecturer

Takashi Sako

Assistant Professor

Akira Okumura

Designated Assistant Professor

Fusa Miyake *2

Designated Assistant Professor

Hiroaki Menjo *1

Technical Assistant

Kinji Morikawa*1 Belongs to Graduate School of Science*2 Belongs to Institute for Advanced Research

Division for Heliospheric Research

6

Professor

Munetoshi Tokumaru

Assistant Professor

Ken-ichi FujikiInstitute for Space–Earth Environmental Research*1 Belongs to Graduate School of Engineering

Division for Meteorological and Atmospheric Research
Professor

Akira Mizuno

Professor

Nobuhiro Takahashi (✱)

Professor

Kazuhisa Tsuboki (✱)

Professor

Yutaka Matsumi (✱)

Associate Professor

Tomoo Nagahama

Associate Professor

Hirohiko Masunaga

Associate Professor

Taro Shinoda (✱)

Lecturer

Tomoki Nakayama

Assistant Professor

Taku Nakajima

Designated Assistant Professor

Tadayasu Ohigashi

Researcher

Hirofumi Ohyama ▲Researcher

Yoshiki Fukutomi ○Researcher

Fumie Furuzawa

Technical AssistantKazuji Suzuki

Researcher Assistant

Maho Nakagawa ▲4. Staff

Division for Land–Ocean Ecosystem ResearchCenter for International Collaborative Research

Professor

Joji Ishizaka

Director • Professor

Kazuo Shiokawa

Professor

Tetsuya Hiyama (✱)

Professor

Tetsuya Hiyama

Associate Professor

Hidenori Aiki

Professor

Masaki Enami (✱)

Associate Professor

Tomo'omi Kumagai ▲Professor

Akira Mizuno (✱)

Lecturer

Hatsuki Fujinami

Designated Professor

Martin Gerard Connors ○Assistant Professor

Yoshihisa Mino

Designated Assistant Professor

Antti Ensio Kero ▲Designated Assistant Professor

Taro Nakai

Designated Assistant Professor

Researcher

Atsuhiro Takahashi ▲Joseph Benjamin Harold
Baker ○

Research Institution Researcher

Takami Saito ▲Designated Assistant Professor

Pavlo Ponomarenko ▲Technical Assistant

Hirotaka Tsukamoto ▲Designated Assistant Professor

Jeongwoo Lee ▲Researcher AssistantDaisuke Hatsuzuka ▲Associate Professor

Nozomu Nishitani

Associate Professor

Tomo'omi Kumagai (✱)▲

Associate Professor

Satonori Nozawa (✱)

Divison for Chronological Research
Professor

Masaki Enami

Lecturer

Takashi Sako (✱)

Professor

Hiroyuki Kitagawa ○Lecturer

Hatsuki Fujinami (✱)

Associate Professor

Masayo Minami

Designated Assistant Professor

Yasunori Igarashi ▲Associate Professor

Takenori Kato (✱)

Researcher

Hironari Kanamori

Associate Professor

Kimiaki Masuda (✱)

Researcher

Masaki Nishino *1

Assistant Professor

Hirotaka Oda

Researcher

Chae-Woo Ju ▲Research Institution Researcher

Kaoru Kubota ▲Researcher

Research Institution Researcher

Naoyuki Kurita ○Claudia Maria Martinez
Calderon ▲Vsiting Academic Staff/Visiting Faculty Members

Research Institution Researcher

Fumiko W. Nara

Visiting Professor

Hiroyuki Shinagawa

JSPS Research Fellowship

Tomoki Taguchi ▲Visiting Professor

Yoshinobu Harazono ○Technical Assistant

Masami Nishida

Visiting Professor

Park Hotaek ○Technical AssistantYuriko Hibi ○Moshiri Observatory

Technical Assistant

Miyo Yoshida

Technical AssistantYuuji Ikegami

Technical Assistant

Masayuki Sera

Vsiting Academic Staff/Visiting Faculty Members
Kazuhiro Suzuki ▲Tsuyoshi Tanaka ▲Toshio Nakamura

Foreign Visiting Research Fellow (Visiting Professor)
Sept.15, 2016–Dec.14, 2016

Hisao Takahashi

Oct.1, 2016– Dec.31, 2016

Nanan Balan

Mar.1 2017–May.31 2017

Bernhard Kliem*1 Belongs to Graduate School of Engineering

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research74. Staff

Center for Integrated Data Science
Director • Professor

Kanya Kusano

Director • Professor

Nobuhiro Takahashi

Professor

Kazuhisa Tsuboki

Professor

Hiroyasu Tajima

Professor

Joji Ishizaka (✱)

Professor

Yutaka Matsumi

Professor

Shinobu Machida (✱)

Designated Professor

Masataka Murakami ○Associate Professor

Fumio Abe

Professor

Joji Ishizaka (✱)

Associate Professor

Takenori Kato

Professor

Kazuhisa Tsuboki (✱)

Associate Professor

Yoshizumi Miyoshi

Professor

Masafumi Hirahara (✱)

Associate Professor

Satoshi Masuda (✱)

Associate Professor

Taro Shinoda

Associate Professor

Hirohiko Masunaga (✱)

Designated Assistant Professor

Hiroyuki Tomita

Designated Assistant Professor

Tomoaki Hori ▲Researcher

Takeharu Kouketsu ▲Lecturer

Takayuki Umeda

Researcher

Woonseon Jung ○Assistant Professor

Akimasa Ieda (✱)

Technical Assistant

Hiroshi Sasago

Assistant Professor

Shinsuke Imada (✱)

Technical Assistant

Tomoko Tanaka

Designated Assistant Professor

Sachie Kanada

Vsiting Academic Staff/Visiting Faculty Members

Designated Assistant Professor

Kunihiro Keika ▲Visiting Professor

Masahiro Kawasaki

Designated Assistant Professor

Daikou Shiota ▲Visiting Professor

Kunihiko Kodera

Designated Assistant Professor

Masafumi Shoji

Visiting Professor

Yoshikatsu Kuroda

Designated Assistant Professor

Yukinaga Miyashita ▲Visiting Associate Professor

Yasutaka Narusawa

Designated Assistant Professor

Mayumi Yoshioka ▲Designated Assistant Professor

Satoshi Inoue ○Designated Assistant Professor

Mariko Teramoto ○Researcher

Norio Umemura

Researcher

Masaya Kato ▲Researcher

Tomoya Iju ○Researcher

Mayumi Yoshioka ○Researcher

Yukie Moroda ○Technical AssistantMariko Kayaba

Technical Assistant

Asayo Maeda

Technical Assistant

Takahiro Tsukamoto

Researcher Assistant

Johan Muhamad ▲Vsiting Academic Staff/Visiting Faculty Members

8

Center for Orbital and Suborbital Observations

Visiting Professor

Yoshiya Kasahara

Visiting Professor

Kanako Seki

Visiting Associate Professor

Ryouhei Kano

Visiting Associate Professor

Iku Shinohara

Visiting Associate Professor

Hirohisa Hara

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental ResearchTechnical Center of Nagoya University
Senior Technical Specialist

Akiko Ikeda

Senior Technical Specialist

Yasusuke Kojima

Technical Specialist

Tetsuya Kawabata

Technical Specialist

Tomonori Segawa

Technical Specialist

Yosiyuki Hamaguchi

Technical Specialist

Yasushi Maruyama

Technical Specialist

Haruya Minda

Technical Specialist

Takayuki Yamasaki

Technical Specialist

Yuka Yamamoto

Technical Staff

Takumi Adachi

Technical Staff

Moeto Kyushima

Technical Staff

Ryuji Fujimori

4. Staff

Cooperating Research Fellow
Keiji Hayashi
Akiko Mizuno
Yoshiki Fukutomi ▲Kumiko Hori ▲Chae-Woo Ju ▲Claudia Maria Martinez Calderon ○Foreign Visiting Cooperation Researcher
Sept.1, 2016– Aug.31, 2017

Anglu Shen

Oct.1, 2016– Jan.31, 2018

Jie RenDec.1, 2016–Dec.28, 2016

Sukumaran Nair Kumari
SumodSpecialist,
Maintenance Section

Yoshiyuki Nakano ○Section Head,
Accounting Section

Hideki Kamada ▲Section Head,
Supplies Section

Noriaki Hiroi ○Section Head,
Supplies Section

Yuko Horinouchi ▲Section Head,
Supplies Section

Kiyoko hasegawa ○Section Head,
Maintenance Section

Shinichi Nakagawa

Leader,Accounting Section

Yumiko Kiso ▲Leader, Supplies Section

Yuka Matsuoka ○Administrator

Mio Kato

Administrator

Airi Ito ▲Administration Department

Administrator

Ayaka Nakamura

Director,
Administration Department

Sumio Murai

Administrator

Hokuto Kamiya ▲Manager,
General Affairs Division

Tadashi Tsuboi ▲Office Manager,
Research Support Office

Tohru Kawai

Specialist,
General Affairs Section

Norishi Sugiyama

Section Head,General Affairs Section 1

Naoki Kohsaka ▲Section Head,General Affairs Section 2

Sayuri Morino

Section Head,
Personnel Affairs Section

Shoji Asano

Section Head,
Research Support Office

Naoki Fujiki ▲Section Head,
Research Support Office

Tadayosi ITO ○Leader,
General Affairs Section 1

Yumi Matsubara

Jan.23, 2017–Feb.24, 2017

Neel Prakash Savani-Patel

Administrator

Eri Maai ▲Administrator

Harumi Morishita

Administrator

Tsukina Ino ▲Administrator

Anna Kato ○Administrator

Yori SatoManager,
Accounting Division

Toshihiro Sakaguti ▲Toyokawa Branch
Technical Assistant

Kayoko Asano

Technical AssistantYasuo Kato

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research

95.Committee of Other Organizations

5. Committee of Other Organizations
Committee of Other Organizations
Contact Post

Job title

Kanya Kusano

Professor

International Astronomical Union (IAU)

Organizing Committee Member of Commission E3 Solar
Impact throughout the Heliosphere

Yoshizumi Miyoshi

Associate
Professor

Committee on Space Research (COSPAR)

Vice-chair of the Panel on Radiation Belt Environment
Modeling (PRBEM)

Yoshizumi Miyoshi

Associate
Professor

Scientific Committee on Solar-Terrestrial Physics
Campaign coordinator of VarSITI/SPeCIMEN(SCOSTEP)

Yoshizumi Miyoshi

Associate
Professor

Co-leader of the SCOSTEP VarSITI (Variability of the Sun andScientific Committee on Solar-Terrestrial Physics
Its Terrestrial Impact)/SPeCIMEN (Specification and Prediction(SCOSTEP)of the Coupled Inner-Magnetospheric Environment)

Yoshizumi Miyoshi

Associate
Professor

American Geophysical Union (AGU)

Guest Editor of Journal of Geophysical Research

Yoshizumi Miyoshi

Associate
Professor

Annales Geophysicae

EditorYoshitaka Itow

Professor

Telescope Array collaboration

Telescope Array External Advisory committee

Hiroyasu Tajima

Professor

ISTS (International Symposium on SpaceTechnology and Science) special issue

Associate Editor

Hiroyasu Tajima

Professor

Progress of Theoretical and Experimental
Physics

EditorHiroyasu Tajima

Professor

The Scientific World Journal

Editorial Board member

Kazuo Shiokawa

Professor

Committee on Space Research (COSPAR)

Chair of the COSPAR Sub-Commission C1 (The Earth’s Upper
Atmosphere and Ionosphere)

Kazuo Shiokawa

Professor

Scientific Committee on Solar-Terrestrial Physics Co-chair of the SCOSTEP VarSITI (Variability of the Sun and(SCOSTEP)Its Terrestrial Impact)

Kazuo Shiokawa

Professor

Annales Geophysicae

Guest editor for the 14th International Symposium of
Equatorial Atmosphere (ISEA-14)

Kazuo Shiokawa

Professor

Journal of Atmosphere and Solar-Terrestrial
Physics

Guest editor for the special issue of the 1st VarSITI General
Symposium (VarSITI2016)

Kazuo Shiokawa

Professor

Earth, Planets and Space (EPS)

Guest Editor for Global Data Systems for the Study of SolarTerrestrial Variability

Nozomu Nishitani

Associate
Professor

Super Dual Auroral Radar Network

Executive Council

Nozomu Nishitani

Associate
Professor

Earth, Planets and Space (EPS)

Guest Editor for Global Data Systems for the Study of SolarTerrestrial Variability

Nozomu Nishitani

Associate
Professor

Earth, Planets and Space (EPS)

EditorNozomu Nishitani

Associate
Professor

Earth, Planets and Space (EPS)

Vice Editors-in-Chief

10organizations

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research

Name of Committee / Title

5. Committee of Other Organizations

Contact Post

Job title

organizations

Name of Committee / Title

Nozomu Nishitani

Associate
Professor

Earth, Planets and Space (EPS)

Guest Editor for the special issue of Coupling of the High and
Mid Latitude Ionosphere and Its Relation to Geospace
Dynamics

Yuichi Otsuka

Associate
Professor

Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences

EditorSatonori Nozawa

Associate
Professor

EISCAT Scientific Association

Council member

Hirohiko Masunaga

Associate
Professor

World Climate Research Programme (WCRP)
Global Energy and Water cycle Exchanges(GEWEX)GEWEX Data and Assessments Panel (GDAP) member

Joji Ishizaka

Professor

North Pacific Marine Science Organization(PICES)

Co-Chair of Advisory Panel for a CREAMS/PICES Program in
East Asian Marginal Seas

Joji Ishizaka

Professor

North Pacific Marine Science Organization(PICES)

Member of Working Group 35: Third North Pacific Ecosystem
ReportJoji Ishizaka

Professor

Northwest Pacific Action Plan (NOWPAP)

Focal Point of Center for Special Monitoring and Coastal
Environmental Assessment Regional Active Center (CEARAC)

Joji Ishizaka

Professor

Journal of Oceanography

Editor-in-Chief

Tetsuya Hiyama

Professor

Integrated Land Ecosystem - Atmosphere
Processes Study (iLEAPS), a core project of the Scientific Steering Committee (SSC) member
Future Earth

Hidenori Aiki

Associate
Professor

American Meteorological Society (AMS)

Associate Editor of Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic
Technology (JAOT)

Toshio Nakamura

Vsiting
Academic
Staff/Visiting
FacultyMembers

Radiocarbon

Member of Editorial Board

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research116. Joint Research Programs

6. Joint Research Programs
One of the major functions of the ISEE is to promote and conduct collaborative research on Space–EarthEnvironmental Science together with researchers from universities and institutes outside the ISEE. On January 14, 2016,
the ISEE was certified as a core research institution of Space–Earth Environmental Science, which is a “Joint Usage/
Research Center” as defined by MEXT of Japan. We prepared application forms for joint research programs focusing on
the following two research issues. One is the “Study of coupling processes in the solar–terrestrial system using
ground-based observation network,” and the other is the “Establishment of an international collaborative research hub tosolve research issues in the global (terrestrial) environment and space applications based on comprehensive studies of thespace–Sun–Earth system.” The former focuses on coupling processes in the solar–terrestrial system and the interactionsof neutral and plasma components in the Earth’s atmosphere by establishing an international ground-based observation
network ranging from low to high latitude regions, especially in Asia and Africa. The latter aims to establish aninternational collaborative research hub for comprehensive studies of the space–Sun–Earth system, space applications,space weather forecasting, and environmental problems, such as global warming. The following ten research programs
were prepared for the application during the 2016 Japanese fiscal year.
01) Joint Research Program (International)
02) ISEE International Joint Research Program (*)03) ISEE/CICR International Workshop
04) Joint Research Program (General)05) Joint Research Program (Student Encouragement)
06) Joint Research Program (Symposium)07) Joint Research Program (Computing Infrastructure)08) Joint Research Program (Database Management)09) Joint Research Program (Accelerator Mass Spectrometry Analysis)10) Carbon 14 Analysis Service(*) Applicable only to foreign researchers

These collaborative research programs will be executed using the instruments, software/databases, and facilities of
the ISEE. Joint research programs from 01) to 03), described above, will be managed by the Center for International
Collaborative Research (CICR). Those of 07) and 08) will be managed by the Center for Integrated Data Science(CIDAS), and 09) –10) will be managed by the Division for Chronological Research.

12

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research6. Joint Research Programs

Lists of Accepted Proposals
 ISEE International Joint Research Program
ProposerAffiliation*

Job title*

Corresponding
ISEE
researcher

O. S. Bolaji

University of Lagos,
Akoka-Yaba

Lecturer I

K. Shiokawa

The role of day-to-day plasma movement intriggering and modifying ionosphericirregularities

J. Huang

National Astronomical
Observatories, Chinese
Academy of Sciences

AssociatedProfessor

S. Masuda

Joint investigation of solar activities by MUSER
and NoRH

S. Gupta

Tata Institute ofFundamental Research

Senior Professor

Y. Matsubara

Study on dynamics of galactic cosmic rays in the
heliosphere

J. Kota

The University of Arizona

Senior Research
Scientist

Y. Matsubara

Study of Ground Based Cosmic Ray
Observations - Start date: Sept. 15, 2016

H.-S. Yu

University ofCalifornia, San Diego

Post-Doctoral
ScholarM. Tokumaru

Three-dimensional tomographic analysis using
integrated global IPS data sets from MEXART
and ISEE observations

K.-S. Park

Chungbuk National
University

Invited Associate
Professor/
LecturerY. Miyoshi

The study of the magnetospheric phenomena forthe dipole tilt effect by using a Global MHD
simulation

Title of the research program* Proposer’s affiliation and job title are as of the proposal submission date.

 ISEE/CICR International Workshop
ProposerAffiliation*

Job title*

Corresponding
ISEE
researcher

Title of the research program

Y. Iijima

Mie University

Associate
Professor

T. HiyamaInternational Workshop on Water-Carbon
Dynamics in Eastern Siberia

H. Takahashi

Instituto Nacional dePesquisas Espacias

Head of
Aeronomy
Division

Y. Otsuka

Ionospheric Plasma Bubble Seeding andDevelopment

N. Nishitani

Nagoya University

Associate
Professor

N. Nishitani

Review of the Accomplishments of the
Mid-Latitude SuperDARN Network* Proposer’s affiliation and job title are as of the proposal submission date.

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research

136. Joint Research Programs

List of Collaboration Resources
 Instruments
NameContact Person

Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) Spectrometer for Atmospheric Composition Measurements(Moshiri and Rikubetsu)

T. Nagahama

UV/Visible Spectrometer for Atmospheric Composition Measurements (Moshiri and Rikubetsu)

T. Nagahama

Heterogeneous Atmospheric Reaction Analysing System (Nagoya)Y. Matsumi

Carbon Dioxide (CO2) Isotope Measurement Instrument (13C, 18O) Using a Laser Spectroscopic
Technique in the Mid-Infrared Region (Nagoya)Y. Matsumi

Atmospheric Nitrogen Oxide (NO2) and Ozone (O3) Measurement Instrument (Nagoya)Y. Matsumi

Optical Mesosphere Thermosphere Imagers

K. Shiokawa

Magnetometer Network

K. Shiokawa

ELF/VLF Network

K. Shiokawa

Sodium LIDAR (Tromsø)

S. Nozawa

Solar Neutron Telescope(Norikura Observatory, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, the University of Tokyo)

Y. Matsubara

Low-Background Beta-Ray Counter

K. Masuda

Multi-Station IPS Solar Wind Observation System (Toyokawa, Fuji, and Kiso)

M. Tokumaru

Nobeyama Radioheliograph

S. Masuda

Multi-Directional Cosmic Ray Muon Telescope (Nagoya)

F. AbeThree-Dimensional Image Processing System (Nagoya)

T. Umeda

SuperDARN Hokkaido Radar (Rikubetsu)

N. Nishitani

Upper Air Sounding Systems (two sets)

K. Tsuboki

Polarimetric Radar Systems (two sets)

K. Tsuboki

Hydrometeor Video Sonde (HYVIS) System

K. Tsuboki Software/Databases
NameContact Person

Atmospheric Composition Data by FT-IR Measurements (Moshiri and Rikubetsu)

T. Nagahama

NO2 and O3 Data by UV/Visible Spectrometer Measurements (Moshiri and Rikubetsu)

T. Nagahama

Coordinated Magnetic Data Along 210° Magnetic Meridian(Moshiri, Rikubetsu, Kagoshima, and Overseas MM Stations)K. Shiokawa

All-Sky Auroral Data (Canada, Alaska, and Siberia)

K. Shiokawa

Database of the Optical Mesosphere Thermosphere Imagers

K. Shiokawa

VHF Radar/GPS Scintillation (Indonesia)

Y. Otsuka

EISCAT Database (Longyearbyen, Tromsø, Kiruna, and Sondakylä)

S. Nozawa, S. Oyama

ELF/VLF Wave Data

K. Shiokawa

Interplanetary Scintillation Data

M. Tokumaru

14

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research6. Joint Research Programs

Name

Contact Person

Solar Wind Speed Data

M. Tokumaru

Cosmic Ray Intensity Database

F. AbeMHD Simulation on the Magnetospheric Environment

T. Umeda

S-RAMP Database

F. AbeCAWSES Database

F. AbeHinode Science Center, Nagoya University

K. Kusano

ERG Science Center

Y. Miyoshi

QL Plot Archive of Satellite Data for Integrated Studies

Y. Miyoshi

Remei Satellite Observation Database

M. Hirahara

MOA Database

F. AbeSuperDARN Hokkaido Radar Database

N. Nishitani

Numerical Simulation Codes for Plasma Kinetics

T. Umeda

Cloud Resolving Strom Simulator (CReSS)

K. Tsuboki

Satellite Data Simulator Unit (SDSU)

H. Masunaga

 Facilities
Name

Contact Person

Computer System for Solar-Terrestrial Environmental Research (Supercomputer System)

F. Abe, T. Umeda

CHN Analyzer, Isotope Ratio Mass Spectrometer

Y. MinoTandetron Accelerator Mass Spectrometry

M. Minami

Electron Probe Microanalyzer (EPMA)

T. KatoIon/Electron Beamline and Calibration Facility

M. Hirahara

Clean Room Facility for Instrument Development

M. Hirahara

Facilities at Moshiri Observatory

Y. Matsumi

Facilities at Rikubetsu Observatory

A. Mizuno

Facilities at Kiso Station

M. Tokumaru

Facilities at Fuji Observatory

M. Tokumaru

Facilities at Kagoshima Observatory

K. Shiokawa

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research

15

7. Governance

7. Governance
As of Mar 31, 2017

Advisory Board

16

Mamoru Ishii

Space Environment Laboratory, Applied Electromagnetic Research Institute, National Institute of Information
and Communications Technology

Takahiro Obara

Planetary Plasma and Atmospherixc Research Center, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University

Takaaki Kajita

Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, The University of Tokyo

Takeshi Kawano

Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology

Nobuko Saigusa

Center for Global Environmental Research, National Institute for Environmental Studies

Takuji Nakamura

National Institute of Polar Research, Research Organization of Information and Systems

Tsuneto Nagatomo

Nara University of Education

Hiroshi Niino

Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute, The University of Tokyo

Hironobu Hyodo

Research Institute of National Sciences, Okayama University of Science

Masahiro Hoshino

Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo

Kazuhisa Mitsuda

Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace eXploration Agency

Tetsuzo Yasunari

Research Institute for Humanity and Nature, National Institutes for the Humanities

Junichi Watanabe

National Astronomical Observatory of Japan, National Institutes of Natural Sciences

Mamoru Yamamoto

Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere, Kyoto University

Naoshi Sugiyama

Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University

Noritsugu Umehara

Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University

Takashi Shibata

Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Nagoya University

Joji Ishizaka

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University

Yoshitaka Itow

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University

Masaki Enami

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University

Kanya Kusano

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University

Kazuo Shiokawa

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University

Nobuhiro Takahashi

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University

Masafumi Hirahara

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research

7. GovernanceCollaborative Research Committee
Yusuke Ebihara

Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere, Kyoto University

Akira Kadokura

National Institute of Polar Research, Research Organization of Information and Systems

Kazuyuki Kita

College of Science, Ibaraki University

Yoko S. Kokubu

Tono Geoscience Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency

Akinori Saitou

Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University

Takeshi Sakanoi

Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University

Shoichi Shibata

College of Engineering, Chubu University

Kanako Seki

Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo

Takashi Sekii

National Astronomical Observatory of Japan, National Institutes of Natural Sciences

Toshihiko Takemura

Center for East Asian Ocean-Atmosphere Research, Research Institute for Applied Mechanics, Kyushu
University

Tsutomu Nagatsuma

Space Environment Laboratory, Applied Electromagnetic Research Institute, National Institute of Information
and Communications Technology

Yoichiro Hanaoka

National Astronomical Observatory of Japan, National Institutes of Natural Sciences

Atsushi Higuchi

Center for Environmental Remote Sensing, Chiba University

Ayako Matsuoka

Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace eXploration Agency

Hiroyuki Matsuzaki

The University Museum, The University of Tokyo

Kazuoki Munakata

Faculty of Science, Shinshu University

Akihiko Morimoto

Center for Marine Environmental Studies, Ehime Univercity

Hiroyuki Yamada

Faculty of Science, University of the Ryukyus

Satoshi Masuda

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University

Yutaka Matsubara

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University

Munetoshi Tokumaru Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University
Masafumi Hirahara

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University

Yuichi Otsuka

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University

Tomoo Nagahama

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University

Hidenori Aiki

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University

Masayo Minami

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University

Kazuo Shiokawa

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University

Tetsuya Hiyama

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University

Nozomu Nishitani

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University

Kazuhisa Tsuboki

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University

Taro Shinoda

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University

Shinobu Machida

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University

Kanya Kusano

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University

Joji Ishizaka

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research177. Governance

Joint Research Technical Committee
Integrated Studies Technical Committee
Ayumi Asai

Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University

Yusuke Ebihara

Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere, Kyoto University

Iku Shinohara

Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace eXploration Agency

Kanako Seki

Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo

Takashi Sekii

National Astronomical Observatory of Japan, National Institutes of Natural Sciences

Akimasa Yoshikawa

Graduate School of Sciences, Kyushu University

Kanya Kusano

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University

Satoshi Masuda

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University

Shinobu Machida

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University

Yoshizumi Miyoshi

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University

Heliospheric and Cosmic-Ray Research Technical Committee
Masamitsu Ohyama

Faculty of Education, Shiga University

Shoichi Shibata

College of Engineering, Chubu University

Tomoko Nakagawa

Faculty of Engineering, Tohoku Institute of Technology

Tohru Hada

Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Engineering Sciences, Kyushu University

Yoichiro Hanaoka

National Astronomical Observatory of Japan, National Institutes of Natural Sciences

Kazuoki Munakata

Faculty of Science, Shinshu University

Yoshitaka Itow

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University

Munetoshi Tokumaru Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University
Yutaka Matsubara

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University

Ionospheric and Magnetospheric Research Technical Committee

18

Akinori Saitou

Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University

Takeshi Sakanoi

Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University

Masaki Tsutsumi

National Institute of Polar Research, Research Organization of Information and Systems

Keisuke Hosokawa

Graduate School of Informatics and Engineering, University of Electro-Communications

Masayuki Yamamoto

School of Systems Engineering, Kochi University of Technology

Yuichi Otsuka

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University

Shin-ichiro Oyama

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University

Kazuo Shiokawa

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University

Nozomu Nishitani

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University

Satonori Nozawa

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University

Masafumi Hirahara

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research

7. GovernanceMeteorological, Atmospheric and Land-Ocean Ecosystem Research Technical Committee
Yoshizumi Kajii

Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University

Kenshi Takahashi

Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere, Kyoto University

Toshihiko Takemura

Center for East Asian Ocean-Atmosphere Research, Research Institute for Applied Mechanics, Kyushu
University

Atsushi Higuchi

Center for Environmental Remote Sensing, Chiba University

Akihiko Morimoto

Center for Marine Environmental Studies, Ehime University

Joji Ishizaka

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University

Tomoo Nagahama

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University

Tetsuya Hiyama

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University

Akira Mizuno

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University

Chronological Research Technical Committee
Yoko S. Kokubu

Tono Geoscience Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency

Wallis, Simon

Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Nagoya University

Motohiro Tsuboi

Department of Applied Chemistry for Environment, School of Science and Technology, Kwansei
Gakuin University

Hiroyuki Matsuzaki

The University Museum, The University of Tokyo

Hiromi Yamazawa

Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University

Naoto Yamamoto

Graduate School of Letters, Nagoya University

Masaki Enami

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University

Takenori Kato

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University

Hiroyuki Kitagawa

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University

Kimiaki Masuda

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University

Masayo Minami

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University

Airplane Usage Technical Committee
Seiho Uratsuka

Applied Electromagnetic Research Institute, National Institute of Information and Communications
Technology

Kazuyuki Kita

College of Science, Ibaraki University

Makoto Koike

Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo

Rikie Suzuki

Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology

Hiroyuki Yamada

Faculty of Science, University of the Ryukyus

Taro Shinoda

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University

Nobuhiro Takahashi

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University

Hiroyasu Tajima

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University

Yutaka Matsumi

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research

197. GovernanceSteering Committee of the Center for International Collaborative Research
Yusuke Ebihara

Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere, Kyoto University

Takashi Shibata

Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Nagoya University

Hiroyuki Matsuzaki

The University Museum, The University of Tokyo

Kazuoki Munakata

Faculty of Science, Shinshu University

Kazuo Shiokawa

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University

Tetsuya Hiyama

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University

Nozomu Nishitani

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University

Steering Committee of the Center for Integrated Data Science
Shin-ichiro Shima

Graduate School of Simulation Studies, University of Hyogo

Tohru Hada

Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Engineering Sciences, Kyushu University

Masahiro Hoshino

Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo

Kazuhisa Mitsuda

Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace eXploration Agency

Koshi Yamamoto

Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Nagoya University

Junichi Watanabe

National Astronomical Observatory of Japan, National Institutes of Natural Sciences

Kanya Kusano

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University

Kazuhisa Tsuboki

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University

Fumio Abe

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University

Takenori Kato

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University

Yoshizumi Miyoshi

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University

Steering Committee of the Center for Orbital and Suborbital Research

20

Riko Oki

Earth Observation Research Center, Japan Aerospace eXploration Agency

Kazuyuki Kita

College of Science, Ibaraki University

Masato Nakamura

Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace eXploration Agency

Hiroyuki Yamada

Faculty of Science, University of the Ryukyus

Nobuhiro Takahashi

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University

Hiroyasu Tajima

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University

Masafumi Hirahara

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University

Yutaka Matsumi

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research8. Finance

8. Finance
External Funding and Industry–Academia–Government Collaborations
Researches of ISEE members as principle investigator were supported by the following external funds.
Kakenhi category

Number of subjects

Total amount (JPY)

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research on Innovative Areas

6

79,240,000

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (S)288,530,000

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)986,710,000

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)13

54,600,000

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)914,170,000

Grant-in-Aid for Challenging Exploratory Research

11

16,400,000

Grant-in-Aid for Young Scientists (A)316,380,000

Grant-in-Aid for Young Scientists (B)54,875,000

Fund for the Promotion of Joint International Research (Fostering Joint
International Research)

1

14,170,000

Specially Promoted Research

1

221,910,000

・Sixty research subjects listed in the table were supported by the JSPS Kakenhi.
・Thirty-eight research subjects received total 192,651,741 JPY and 498,500 USD from governmental funds except
KAKENHI, and from other universities and companies. Twenty of them were collaborative researches between
ISEE and companies, or national institutes.
・Eight research subjects received total 5,868,966 JPY of donation.

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research21

8. Finance

Library
 Library, Solar-Terrestrial Sciences(ISEE Libary #1)

 Library, Hydrospheric-Atmospheric
Sciences (ISEE Library #2)

Book

Book

Japanese

3,004Japanese

4,591

Foreign

11,162Foreign

8,828

Journals

Journals

Japanese

3

Japanese

216

Foreign

134

Foreign228

Properties

22

Site (m2)

Bulidings (m2)Location

Higashiyama Campus(Main campus of Nagoya University)

-

9,005

NagoyaToyokawa Campus

158,002

7,189

Toyokawa

Moshiri Observatory

110,534

325

Hokkaido

Rikubetsu Observatory

24,580167

Hokkaido

Kagoshima Observatory

13,449287

Kagoshima

Fuji Observatory

19,926

174

Yamanashi

Sugadaira Station

3,300

33

NaganoKiso Station

6,240

66

NaganoTotal

336,031

17,246

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research9. Research Topics

9. Research Topics
The mission of the Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research (ISEE) is to understand the mechanisms andinteractions of diverse processes occurring in the integrated space–Sun–Earth system to deal with global environmental
problems and to contribute to human society in the space age. To develop this new research field, four subjects ofInterdisciplinary Research are being conducted with strong collaborations from seven Research Divisions (Divisions for
Integrated Studies, Cosmic Ray Research, Heliospheric Research, Ionospheric and Magnetospheric Research, Meteorologicaland Atmospheric Research, Land–Ocean Ecosystem Research, and Chronological Research). The “Project for Space–EarthEnvironmental Prediction” aims to develop our understanding and predictive capabilities of the influences of solar dynamics
and atmosphere–ocean activities on the global environment. The “Project for the Interaction of Neutral and Plasma
Atmospheres” aims to improve our understanding of the connection between the Earth’s atmosphere and space using a global
observation network of interactions between the upper plasma and middle atmosphere. The “Project for Solar–Terrestrial Climate
Research” aims to observe the long-term variability in the solar activity over more than several thousands of years via radioisotopes
and to examine the influences of the solar activity on the atmosphere using observations and models to understand the influence of
solar activity on global climate variability. The “Project for Aerosol and Cloud Formation” aims to understand the processes thatform cloud and precipitation particles from aerosol particles with regard to the influence of cosmic rays and the processes ofscattering and absorption of radiation by clouds and aerosol particles using experiments, field observations, and simulations.

ISEE has also organized three Research Centers to contribute to national and international research development of therelevant disciplines in cooperation with the Research Divisions. The Center for International Collaborative Research (CICR)
conducts extensive observations with four domestic observatories (Moshiri, Rikubetsu, Fuji, and Kagoshima) and a global
observation network and enhances collaboration and joint research with domestic and international researchers andinstitutions. The Center for Integrated Data Science (CIDAS) conducts infrastructure and research development of intensive
studies of the space–Sun–Earth system through the analysis of big data and advanced computer simulations. The Center for
Orbital and Suborbital Observation (COSO) conducts planning and technological development of research using orbital andsuborbital observation vehicles, such as aircraft, balloons, rockets, and satellites, with national and international networks.

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research239-1. Research Divisions

Divisions9-1. Research
Division for Integrated Studies
Research topics and keywords
 Solar flare · CME
 Inner-magnetosphere · Radiation belt Aurora substorm
 Space weather · Space storm
 Space climate · Long-term variations of the Sun Space plasma Computer simulation
 Data assimilation

Introduction to Division for Integrated Studies
The solar–terrestrial environment is a complex system that consists of nonlinear, non-equilibrium, and multi-scaleinteracting processes. The research activities in the Division for Integrated Studies are aimed at understanding themechanisms and predicting the dynamics of various phenomena in the solar–terrestrial environment through data
analyses and modeling studies. Some of the major results are introduced below.

Main Achievements in FY2016
Study of the onset mechanism and prediction of solar explosions
We advanced an integrated study to explore the mechanism of solar explosions, which are observed as solar flaresand corona mass ejections (CMEs), through theory, simulation and observations. First, by analyzing the stability of the
double-arc type current loop formed by magnetic reconnection of two magnetic loops carrying electric current, a newparameter, κ, consisting of the relative amount of reconnected magnetic flux and the magnetic twist was theoreticallyderived as a critical parameter for a new instability causing a solar explosion. The validity of the κ parameter wasverified through re-analysis of the computer simulation results. In addition, we investigated the possibility ofpredicting flares by computing the upper limit of the κ parameter using a nonlinear force-free (NLFF) magnetic field
based on solar magnetic field observation data. We also obtained observational evidence that a small magnetic flux of
opposite polarity to the main polarity of a sunspot can play a crucial role in triggering large flares, as part of acollaborative research project with the Big Bear Observatory in the United States, using the New Solar Telescope,
which is the world’s largest solar telescope.

A study of the variation of the magnetic field structure of the CME early phase and validation of a solar
wind speed model using MHD simulation
The prediction of velocity and magnetic field profiles of solar wind and CMEs is one of the most important tasks
in space-weather forecasting. We recently developed a new three-dimensional magnetohydrodynamics (MHD)
simulation of the propagation of solar wind and CMEs, called SUSANOO. The boundary conditions of solar wind in
SUSANOO are calculated using empirical models obtained from past observations. In this study, we validated a new
MHD simulation in which the boundary conditions of solar wind are specified with new models based on Interplanetary
Scintillation (IPS) observations. We also studied the evolution of the magnetic field structure in the initial phase of a
CME in the solar corona, and found that the rotation rate of the magnetic structure is proportional to the local magnetic
field strength of the background field.

24

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research9-1. Research Divisions

Next solar cycle prediction study
Predicting the next solar cycle is crucial for forecasting the solar–terrestrial environment. Construction of prediction
schemes for the next solar cycle is a key component of long-term space weather studies. The relationship between thepolar magnetic field at the solar minimum and subsequent solar activity has been a subject of intense discussion recently,
and we have developed a new surface flux transport code, and investigated the predictability of the polar field strength
using photospheric magnetograms from the last three sunspot cycles. We have observed that the new emergence of themagnetic flux in the last three years before each cycle minimum does not contribute to the polar magnetic field strength.
This provides a new prediction scheme for the polar field strength, without the disadvantage of the details of the modelingof the flux emergence term in the surface flux transport. Based on the prediction scheme, we predict that the amplitude of
the next sunspot cycle will be several tens of percent weaker than the current cycle. We have also attempted to obtain themeridional flow, differential rotation, and turbulent diffusivity from recent modern observations (Hinode and Solar
Dynamics Observatory). These parameters will be used in the SFT models to predict the polar magnetic field strength at
the solar minimum.

NoRH operated by an international consortium
The Nobeyama Radioheliograph (NoRH) at Nagoya University, a representative of the International Consortium for
the Continued Operation of the NoRH (ICCON; http://hinode.stelab.nagoya-u.ac.jp/ICCON/), has been operational sinceApril 2015. The instrument itself worked well this year, and the web-based remote operation system is also working well.
Using this system, 30 researchers in seven countries (USA, UK, Germany, Russia, China, Korea, and Japan) contributed
to the operation of the NoRH. All NoRH data are stored at the National Astronomical Observatory of Japan (NAOJ) andat ISEE, Nagoya University, and freely available to the public. The data are used for a range of studies worldwide.

Study on the conditions for substorm onset using THEMIS probe data
Collaborating with a graduate student, the data obtained by THEMIS probes were analyzed for the cases ofsubstorms and pseudo-substorms. The analysis results show that magnetic reconnection occurs in the near-Earthmagnetotail in both cases. However, when a substorm occurs, the plasma pressure of the night-side magnetosphere isabout seven to eight times the Earth’s radius, approximately 1.4 times larger than that observed when a pseudo-substorm
occurs. It has been clarified that plasma instability, such as the ballooning instability in the spatial gradient of the plasmapressure, is the key process for substorm onset development.

Stepwise tailward retreat of magnetic reconnection: THEMIS observations of an auroral substorm
Stepwise auroral breakups were clarified by investigating a
multiple-onset substorm that occurred on February 27, 2009. Three
successive auroral breakups were identified in all-sky images,
occurring at approximately 10 min intervals. These breakups occurred
stepwise; that is, later breakups were initiated at higher latitudes.
Corresponding reconnection signatures were studied using THEMIS
satellite observations from between 8 and 24 Re down the magnetotail.
The three auroral breakups occurred simultaneously (within a few
minutes) with three successive fast flows at 24 Re; thus, these wereinterpreted to be associated with impulsive reconnection episodes.
These three fast flows consisted of a tailward flow and two subsequent
earthward flows. The flow reversal at the second breakup indicatedAuroras in Canada and Greenland. The second
auroral breakup was initiated at a latitude
higher than the first breakup.

Institute for Space-Earth Environmental Research259-1. Research Divisions

that a tailward retreat of the near-Earth reconnection site occurred during the substorm expansion phase. In addition, theearthward flow at the third breakup was consistent with the classic tailward retreat near the end of the expansion phase;
therefore, the tailward retreat is likely to have occurred in a stepwise manner. We interpreted the stepwise characteristics ofthe tailward retreat and poleward expansion to be potentially associated by a stepwise magnetic flux pile-up.

Forecast of the AU index using real time data assimilation
We have developed a new system to forecast the AU index that uses the solar wind data from SUSANOO-SW. To
improve forecasting skill, the developed system consists of two stages: the hindcast and the forecast. Data assimilation
using the particle filter is implemented in the hindcast stage, which estimates parameters to reproduce the observed AU
index. These estimated parameters are used to forecast the AU index in the forecast stage. The system is running toforecast the AU index in the SUSANOO system.

ULF wave-like signature of ionospheric flow seen by ionospheric radars during a magnetic storm
Ionospheric flow fluctuations at frequencies of ~mHz were observed by the Super Dual Auroral Radar Network(SuperDARN) at mid-latitudes during a magnetic storm in March, 2015. The radar data revealed that ultra-low-frequency(ULF)-like fluctuations propagated westward over ~90 degrees in longitude from the east coast of America through to thefar east of Siberia. A detailed examination of the wave properties suggested that the ionospheric flow fluctuations are
driven by wave-particle interactions with hot ions with energies of ~ several tens of keV drifting westward in the innermagnetosphere.

Observational study on oxygen pressure enhancements in the Earth’s inner magnetosphere
We are studying enhancements in the oxygen pressure in the Earth’s inner magnetosphere during magnetic storms,
using in-situ observations made by Van Allen Probes. Multi-event case studies have confirmed that the oxygen pressure
increase is temporally impulsive and spatially localized. We have also found that the oxygen-to-proton pressure ratio canreach ~1 during the early main phase and that warm oxygen (0.1–10 keV) supplied prior to a storm can be a source ofstorm-time energetic oxygen. The results indicate that the oxygen supply from the ionosphere prior to and/or during theearly phase of a storm, which could be associated with sudden magnetospheric compression and/or substorm activity,
plays an important role.

Relationship between acceleration and loss of relativistic electrons via chorus wave-particle
interactions during geomagnetic storms
It has been suggested that the whistler mode chorus is responsible for both acceleration of MeV electrons andrelativistic electron microbursts through resonant wave-particle interactions. Relativistic electron microbursts have been
considered an important loss mechanism of radiation belt electrons. To understand the balance between acceleration andloss of relativistic electrons through chorus wave-particle interactions, we investigated the relationship between
relativistic electron microbursts and flux variations of trapped MeV electrons during the storm of October 8–9, 2012
based on the SAMPEX and Van Allen Probe observations. Observations by the satellites show that relativistic electron
microbursts correlate well with the rapid enhancement of trapped MeV electron fluxes by chorus wave-particle
interactions, indicating that acceleration by chorus is much more efficient than losses by microbursts during the storm. It
was also revealed that strong chorus wave activity without relativistic electron microbursts does not lead to significant
flux variations of relativistic electrons. Thus, effective acceleration of relativistic electrons is caused by the chorus thatcan cause relativistic electron microbursts.

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Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research9-1. Research Divisions

Wave vector analysis using multi-spacecraft in-situ observations
We calibrated wave telescope techniques using multi-spacecraft observations such as Cluster and MMS to estimate
wave vectors of low-frequency waves in the foreshock and magnetosheath regions. We investigated the dependences ofthe parameters in the techniques on their estimate accuracies by use of synthetic data. The average interval of thecross-spectral density matrix and the n-parameter of extended MUSIC should be determined by reference to the wave
duration. Based on the optimized techniques, we revealed frequency-wave vector distributions of characteristic
low-frequency waves including ion cyclotron waves in the magnetosheath and geomagnetic pulsations.

Study on plasma wave measurements by PWE onboard the ERG (Arase) satellite
The Exploration of energization and Radiation in Geospace (ERG) satellite, which nickname is Arase, waslaunched on December 20, 2016, from the Uchinoura Space Center to clarify Van Allen radiation belt dynamics. It issuggested that the chorus waves and the Electromagnetic ion cyclotron (EMIC) waves around the innermagnetosphere play important roles in the acceleration and loss of relativistic electrons trapped in the radiation belt.
The Plasma Wave Environment (PWE) instrument onboard the ERG (Arase) satellite measures such plasma waves.
We are members of the PWE development and operation team, and successfully obtained the first light data observedby the instrument. We are also planning the nominal observation strategy for the PWE. In the next fiscal year, we will
start to analyze the data obtained in earnest to understand the dynamics of the radiation belt.

Simulation of electromagnetic ion cyclotron falling tone emissions
EMIC falling tone emissions have been observed in the inner magnetosphere. We have conducted aself-consistent hybrid simulation, successfully reproducing EMIC emissions with falling-tone frequencies. The
hybrid simulation is implemented with a parabolic ambient magnetic field. In the simulation, strong oxygen band
EMIC emissions are generated through nonlinear wave growth. The cold ion density is modulated by electrostatic
structures that are induced by the forward and backward propagating oxygen band EMIC waves. Along with thegrowth of the oxygen band, the helium band waves also grow because of the initial linear growth followed by
nonlinear growth. The nonlinear growth of the helium band waves is affected by cold plasma density modulation,and short wave packets of helium band emissions appear. The short wave packets entrap energetic protons efficiently,
resulting in electromagnetic proton hills in the velocity phase space. The proton hill forms a nonlinear resonantcurrent causing the falling frequency of the EMIC waves. We have observed strong deformation of the velocity
distribution function of the energetic protons due to the proton hill being guided by the increasing resonancevelocity.

Kinetic simulation of MHD-scale RTI
The nonlinear evolution of the Rayleigh-Taylor instability (RTI) at a density shear layer transverse to themagnetic field in collisionless plasma is investigated by means of a fully kinetic Vlasov simulation with two spatial
and two velocity dimensions. The primary RTI in the MHD regime develops symmetrically in a coordinate axis
parallel to gravity, as seen in the previous MHD simulations. Small-scale secondary instabilities are generated due tosecondary velocity shear layers formed by the nonlinear development of the primary RTI. The secondary instabilities
take place asymmetrically in the coordinate axis parallel to gravity. It is suggested that these secondary instabilities
correspond to the electron Kelvin-Helmholtz instability generated by the electron velocity shear, whose
development depends on the polarity of the inner product between the magnetic field and the vorticity of the velocity
shear layer.

Institute for Space-Earth Environmental Research279-1. Research Divisions

9-1. Research Divisions

Division for Cosmic-Ray Research
Research topics and keywords
Acceleration and propagation of cosmic rays
– Cosmic gamma-ray observations– Solar neutron observations
 Cosmic-ray interactions with the Earth’s atmosphere– Hadron interactions of very-high-energy cosmic rays
– Past solar activities probed by cosmogenic nuclides
 Particle astrophysics and non-accelerator physics– Dark matter and neutrino physics
 Wide-field transient survey by an optical telescopeIntroduction to Division for Cosmic-Ray Research
Cosmic rays (CRs), which are mostly protons with small amounts of charged particles such as electrons or nuclei andneutral particles such as gamma rays or neutrinos, are produced in space and propagate through interstellar andinterplanetary magnetic fields (IMFs) before reaching the Earth. The Division for Cosmic-Ray Research performs cosmic
gamma-ray observations using the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope (Fermi satellite) and the Cherenkov Telescope
Array (CTA), and high-altitude solar neutron observations to reveal the CR acceleration mechanisms as common spaceplasma phenomena.
CRs also provide hints for ultra-high energy phenomena and unknown particles that cannot be explored in alaboratory. We conduct the Large Hadron Collider forward (LHCf) and the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider forward(RHICf) experiments to study hadronic interactions of ultra-high-energy CRs using accelerators such as the LHC or
RHIC. This division also conducts neutrino physics research with the Super-Kamiokande experiment and participates in
the XMASS liquid xenon experiment at the Kamioka Observatory in Japan to search for dark matter.
CRs deeply penetrate the atmosphere, producing ionization and cosmogenic nuclides. Our division studies past solar
activities and sudden changes in CR flux that are recorded in the carbon-14 (14C) fractions of ancient tree rings and othercosmogenic nuclides from Antarctic ice cores.
In addition, this division conducts the MOA experiment with a dedicated 1.8-m wide-field optical telescope at Mt.
John University Observatory in Tekapo, New Zealand. It conducts surveys of gravitational microlensing due to massive
astrophysical compact halo objects (MACHOs) or exoplanets and optical follow-up observations of gamma-ray bursts
and gravitational wave events.

Main Achievements in FY2016
Search for the origin of cosmic rays with gamma-ray observations
The cosmic gamma ray is a good probe for investigating the properties and distributions of CRs and the interstellar
medium, since gamma rays are produced by their interactions. Supernova remnants (SNRs) constitute the leading
candidate for the origin of Galactic CRs. Past gamma-ray observations by the Fermi satellite confirmed that CR protons
were accelerated to GeV (109 electron volts, eV) energies in SNRs with ages older than 105 years. However, we have
not resolved the particle acceleration or the acceleration limits in younger SNRs. We have improved the image
restoration technique of the Fermi data to account for the Galactic diffuse gamma-ray backgrounds, enabling image
analysis of faint gamma-ray sources. As a result, we have found that gamma-ray intensity distributions may bedifferent between GeV and TeV (1012 eV) energies in relatively young SNRs such as RX J1713.7−3946 and RCW 86.

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This is somewhat different from the situation in IC 443 where the gamma-ray intensity is very similar between GeV
and TeV energies.
Observations of Galactic diffuse gamma rays can also reveal the distribution of the interstellar gas since the
gamma-ray intensity is well correlated with the gas density. Recent observations by the Planck satellite provide
unprecedented measurements of all-sky dust distributions with 10-arcmin resolution using the attenuation coefficient for
353-GHz microwaves. Dust quantities are correlated with the amount of gas, which can be verified by measurement of thecorrelation between the dust and gamma rays. We found that the attenuation coefficient has a good correlation with the
gamma-ray intensity in the MBM53–55, Pegasus Loop, Chamaeleon, and Orion regions. However, we also foundnon-linearity between those correlations.
We also made progress on the development of the Gamma-ray Cherenkov Telescope, which is one of the telescope
designs for the CTA. We determined the best silicon photomultiplier by characterizing several candidates. We are making
further measurements to improve the performance. We are also developing light concentrators to improve the lightcollection efficiencies of the Large-, Medium-, and Small-Sized Telescopes of the CTA and have demonstrated improved
efficiencies using a prototype and simulations.

Research on the acceleration mechanism of solar energetic particles
Study of the acceleration mechanism of solar energetic particles is important for understanding the origin of CRs. It
is particularly important to know the moment and the duration of the acceleration on the solar surface. It is preferable toobserve neutrons produced on the solar surface by the interaction of accelerated ions with the solar atmosphere, rather
than accelerated ions themselves, because neutrons are not reflected by the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF). The
precise moment a neutron is emitted is determined by measuring the neutron energies. We have seven solar-neutrontelescopes on high mountains at various longitudes to detect solar neutrons (>100 MeV) over an entire day.
In addition to this network, we have installed a new solar-neutron telescope, SciBar for Cosmic Ray Telescope(SciCRT), which has been used previously for accelerator experiments, on Sierra Negra, Mexico (4,600 m) in 2013. It
uses 15,000 scintillator bars to measure particle tracks, providing much higher energy resolution and better particle
discrimination than previous telescopes. Both solar neutrons and the variation of CR intensities are observed by SciCRT.
Currently three-eighths of the whole detector is operational. The activity of solar cycle 24 has decreased since 2014, andno solar-neutron event has yet been detected. In FY 2016, the performance of SciCRT was better understood by Monte
Carlo simulation and, as a result, the power-law index of the energy spectrum of solar neutrons was determined to an
accuracy of 0.1. If an ambiguity of up to 1.0 of the power-law index is permitted, it is possible to discriminate the emission
durations between 0 and >5 minutes.

Study of cosmic neutrinos and dark matter
The neutrino is a neutral elementary particle with an infinitesimal mass, which is scattered only via the weakinteraction. The strong penetrating power of neutrinos means information from the center of celestial bodies such as the
Sun and the Earth can be determined. In addition, neutrino oscillation occurs, because of quantum state mixing between
the three neutrino species. By observing this oscillation, we can explore unknown properties of neutrinos such as theirmasses, and hidden information such as the material density of celestial bodies. In addition to neutrinos, particle dark
matter (weakly interacting massive particles, WIMPs) are thought to exist in space. In this FY, we have developed a
new analysis technique to distinguish muon neutrinos and anti-muon neutrinos by using decay electrons, improving thesensitivity of the matter effect in atmospheric neutrino oscillations. We utilize negative muons produced bycharged-current interactions of muon neutrinos in water causing a capture and absorption reaction by the oxygen
nucleus. In addition, we have been promoting a next-generation ultra-large water Cherenkov detector,

Institute for Space-Earth Environmental Research299-1. Research Divisions

Hyper-Kamiokande, which has a volume 20 times greater than that of Super-Kamiokande. We have conducted along-term underwater test of hybrid photo-sensors. The photon incident position dependence and a reconstruction
method for incident position were also studied. We have also conducted the XMASS experiment for direct WIMP
searching using an ultra-low background liquid-xenon detector. A measurement result for the scintillation
luminescence time constant of liquid xenon for low-energy gamma rays has been published in this FY. In addition, forapplication to future large-scale dark-matter-search experiments, we have developed a liquid-xenon single-phase TPC.
We developed a prototype detector using a wire electrode with which we have succeeded in detecting a delayed signal
due to proportional scintillation in liquid xenon.

Cosmic-ray interaction-focused accelerator experiment
Very-high-energy CRs with energies far beyond the energy at manmade particle accelerators are hitting the Earth.
They undergo repeated interactions in the atmosphere and are observed as particle clusters called air showers at the
ground. Comparison between the air-shower data and Monte Carlo simulation is essential to extract the energy and type of
the primary particle, and uncertainty in hadronic interaction modeling causes a major uncertainty in the interpretation.
The world’s largest accelerator, the LHC at European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), provides the best
opportunity to study the hadronic interaction. Though the particle energy at the LHC is up to 7 TeV, the proton–proton
collision at the LHC is equivalent to CRs of 1017 eV hitting the atmosphere.
In 2016, the LHCf experiment collected data during proton–lead collisions at the LHC. In a quick analysis, we
confirmed production of high-energy neutrons through interaction between protons and virtual photons around the leadnuclei. Production of neutral pi mesons and eta mesons was also confirmed. Using the data collected in 2015, production
rates of photons in proton–proton collisions at √s = 13 TeV were presented. The analyses for neutral pi meson production,
eta meson production, and joint analysis with the ATLAS experiment using the same data set are also ongoing. A
summary of neutral pion production using the data taken before 2015 has been published, in which a scaling of the
production cross sections at different collision energies was reported. The RHICf experiment using the RHIC at the BNL
in the US was prepared for operation in 2017. RHICf will collect data for 0.51 TeV proton–proton collisions. Combinedwith the LHCf data, the hadronic interaction and its collision energy dependence will be studied at the CR equivalentenergy from 1014 to 1017 eV.

Differential cross-section of forward neutral pions measured by the LHCf with p–p collisions at√s = 2.76 TeV and 7 TeV.
The LHCf Collaboration, Physical Review D , 94, 032007 (2016).

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Cosmic-ray intensity variation in the past with cosmogenic radioisotopes
The 14C concentration in tree rings is a good proxy for the CR intensity reaching the Earth in the past. The CR flux
may reflect high-energy phenomena such as supernovae near the solar system or arrival of solar CRs by extreme flares on
the solar surface. Although CR variations in the past have been investigated by measurements of 14C concentrations in treerings with time resolutions of more than 10 years over the Holocene (the last 12,000 years), variations with 1 or 2-yr
resolution have not been investigated and almost nothing has been clarified at the 1-yr resolution. The only exception is
the CR increase events of AD775 and AD994, published by our group in 2012 and 2013.
To investigate whether similar events occurred in the last 12,000 years, we are searching for CR events in the last 104
years using American trees. We examined the standard decadal data of 14C (IntCal) carefully and identified 15 14C rapid
increase peaks with a rate larger than 0.3‰/yr. Concentrations of 14C around the peaks were then measured at the 1-yr
resolution. It has been shown that four peaks other than the AD775 peak did not represent rapid peaks at the 1-yr level. On
the other hand, for one peak at BC5480, it was discovered that the concentration of 14C increased rapidly by 20‰ over 10
years, though the increase was not observed at the 1-yr level. However, the amount of this increase was extremely large
and its rate larger than those in grand solar minima such as the Maunder Minimum. The cause of this increase can beconsidered to be an extremely deep solar activity minimum or successive large flares, or a combination of both. The
detailed cause is unclear.
14

C is useful for investigation of the characteristics of solar activity, such as its periodicity. In 2016, we measured the

C concentration variation around the Wolf Minimum, when annual data were lacking, to investigate the relationship14

between the length of the Schwabe cycle and solar activity minima. We confirmed a period somewhat longer than 11 yearsof the modern solar Schwabe cycle and a continuous 22 years of the Hale cycle. These characteristics show tendencies ofboth agreement and disagreement with other minima.

Verification of the cosmic-ray-induced cloud formation hypothesis
We aimed to verify the increase of cloud condensation nuclei due to galactic CRs, as one hypothesis forcorrelation mechanisms of solar activity and the global climate. We have investigated the relationship between theionization density and the production efficiency of cloud nuclei formation with an atmospheric reaction chamber by
irradiation of high-energy protons, nitrogen, and xenon ions at the Heavy Ion Medical Accelerator in Chiba(HIMAC) accelerator at National Institute of Radiological Sciences (NIRS). In 2016, the experimental data were
carefully analyzed, showing that the particle density at the nanometer level in the atmosphere varies, corresponding
to the ion density produced by high-energy heavy ions, and that they are possibly independent of the incident ion
species, that is, the ionization density along the track. On the other hand, relatively high-production efficiency was
obtained for protons.

Wide-field optical surveys for gravitational microlensing and gravitational sources
In 2016, we detected 618 microlensing events and issued real-time alerts to follow-up groups. From the preliminary
analyses, we discovered five candidates for new exoplanets. Seven exoplanets were identified from analyses of past
events. Follow-up observations are continuing for the gravitational wave alerts from the LIGO group.

Institute for Space-Earth Environmental Research319-1. Research Divisions

Divisions9-1. Research
Division for Heliospheric Research
Research topics and keywords
 Solar wind CME Radio astronomy
 Interplanetary scintillation
 Global heliospheric structure Space weather forecast
 Development of instruments

Introduction to Division for Heliospheric Research
A supersonic (with a speed of 300–800 km/s) plasma flow known as the solar wind emanates from the Sun, andpermanently engulfs the Earth. While the magnetic field of the Earth acts as a barrier to protect the atmosphere from directinteraction with the solar wind, a considerable fraction of its vast energy enters the near-surface layer via various
processes. Thus, the solar wind acts as a carrier to transfer the Sun’s energy to the Earth.
The solar wind varies dramatically with solar activity. In association with eruptive phenomena on the Sun’s surface,a high-speed stream of the solar wind sometimes arrives at the Earth, and generates intense disturbances in geo-space
and the upper atmosphere. Space environment conditions that significantly change with the solar activity are known as“space weather”, and are currently a topic of significant interest. An accurate understanding of the solar wind is needed
to make reliable predictions of space weather disturbances.
We have observed solar wind velocity and density irregularities for several decades using three large antennas toinvestigate unsolved important issues such as acceleration and propagation mechanisms, space weather forecasting, theglobal structure of the heliosphere, and its variation. Also, laboratory and fieldwork experiments are performed for
improving data quality and upgrading the instruments.

Main Achievements in FY2016
Solar wind observations using the IPS system
We have performed remote-sensing observations of the solar wind since the 1980s using the multi-station IPS system.
The tomographic analysis of IPS observations enables accurate determination of the global distribution of the solar windspeed and density fluctuations. IPS observations provide valuable information, particularly for high-latitude solar wind,
where in situ observations are currently unavailable. The IPS system consists of three large antennas at Toyokawa, Fuji,
and Kiso. The Toyokawa antenna (called the Solar Wind Imaging Facility Telescope, SWIFT) has the largest aperture andthe highest sensitivity among our three antennas, and started daily observations in 2008. The Fuji and Kiso antennas were
upgraded in 2013–2014 by installing new low-noise amplifiers (LNAs), which led to a great improvement in their
sensitivities. These two antennas are located in mountainous areas, and are not used for observations during winter due toheavy snowfall. We collected solar wind speed data using the IPS system between March 31, when all three antennas
became available, and December 9, when snowfall began in the mountains. Although some interruption of IPS observations
occurred during this period due to mechanical troubles in the antennas, we obtained an abundance of solar wind data. Solarwind density fluctuations were derived from IPS observations at Toyokawa and were measured throughout the year. The IPS
data were made available to the public in real time via an ftp server, and were used for various international collaborations.

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Comparison between the predicted IMF Bz from the TDT analysis of IPS data and the CSSS model calculation (dashed line)
and observed data from the ACE spacecraft (solid line).

International collaboration for space weather forecast
We have conducted collaborative research with Dr. B. V. Jackson and his colleagues at the University of California,
San Diego (UCSD) on 3D reconstruction of the time-varying heliosphere using the tomographic analysis of IPS
observations over a long period. The time-dependent tomography (TDT) program was developed through thiscollaborative research. This program is now available on the web server of the NASA Community Coordinated ModelingCenter (CCMC), and is running in realtime at the Korean Space Weather Center (KSWC) to predict the solar wind on
Earth. A prediction system for the solar wind and IMF on Earth was also developed at KSWC, combining TDT analysis of
IPS data with the ENLIL solar wind model (Dr. D. Odstrcil of GMU/NASA).
The Bz component of the IMF is known to strongly control the effect of solar wind disturbances on the Earth’s
magnetosphere, and reliable predictions of the IMF Bz are particularly needed. We studied improvements to IMF
prediction on Earth from a combined analysis of IPS data and solar magnetic field data in collaboration with Dr.
Jackson. As a result, we found that the radial and azimuthal components of the IMF predicted from the Current Sheet
Source Surface (CSSS) model of the solar magnetic field agree well with observations. Predictions of the Bz component
sometimes show good agreement with observations, so that further thorough verification is needed.
With a growing awareness of the utility of IPS observations for space weather forecasting, IPS observations are
increasingly conducted at a number of places across the Earth. In addition to Japan, Russia, and India, where IPS
observations have been conducted for a long time, new antennas dedicated to IPS observations have been constructed in
Mexico and Korea, and IPS observations using low-frequency large radio array systems such as the Low-Frequency
Array (LoFAR) and the Murchison Widefield Array (MWA) were also conducted on a campaign basis. An integrated
analysis using IPS data from these stations enables higher-resolution 3D reconstructions of the rapid variation in solar
wind with solar activity. The establishment of the World-wide IPS Stations (WIPSS) was proposed at the IPS workshop
held at Morelia, Mexico, in 2015. Comparison between IPS data at different stations is a key issue for realizing WIPSS.
Hence, we performed a comparison between IPS data taken at ISEE and Mexico in collaboration with the UCSD group,and found that IPS data in Mexico were seriously contaminated by spiky noise, and that this is likely to causesignificant discrepancies between IPS (g-value) data from the ISEE and from Mexico. Further investigation of the noisein Mexican IPS data is needed. In addition, the revision of the common data format for exchanging IPS data, IPSCDF
Version 1.1, was discussed in the IPS workshop held at UCSD in December, 2016.

Institute for Space-Earth Environmental Research339-1. Research Divisions

Relation between solar wind speed and coronal hole area
The coronal hole is a region where the solar magnetic field opens into
interplanetary space, and also where the fast solar wind emanates. Earlier
studies showed that there is a positive correlation between coronal holeareas and solar wind speeds. However, the speed data used in those studies
were obtained from in situ measurements at the ecliptic plane (i.e., near the
heliographic equator), and one-to-one correspondence between the speed
data and the corona hole data was not firmly established. Therefore, we
examined the relationship between solar wind speeds and coronal hole areasusing ISEE IPS observations, which allowed determination of the global
distribution of the solar wind speed. In this study, we established one-to-one
correspondence between the solar wind speed data and the corona hole

Relationship between coronal hole areasand solar wind speeds.

(open-field region) area data by tracing the field line from the source surface
to the photosphere. The period analyzed here was from 1995 to 2011. As a result, we confirmed that a good positive
correlation exists between the coronal hole area A and the solar wind speed V, and found that the slope in the A-V relationdiffers significantly from those reported in earlier studies. We also found that the correlation between A and V drops at
solar maxima, and we ascribe this to the effect of the rapid time evolution of the solar wind and coronal structures at solar
maxima. If data at solar maxima are excluded, the correlation coefficients between A and V are high and the slopes in the
A-V relation are constant during the analysis period. We examined the relation between V and the inverse of the flux
expansion factor f, which is a controlling parameter for the solar wind speed, and found that the correlation between A and
V is as good as that between 1/f and V. We discovered that the relation between A1/2 and V shows a higher correlation thanthat between A and V. This enables us to predict the solar wind speed more accurately from coronal hole observations,leading to improvement of the space weather forecast.

Long-term trend of coronal hole distribution and its relationship to galactic cosmic ray modulation
We developed an automated prediction technique for coronal holes using potential magnetic field extrapolation in
the solar corona to construct a database of coronal holes appearing from February 1975 to July 2015 (Carrington rotations
from 1625 to 2165). Coronal holes are labeled with the location, size, and average magnetic field of each coronal hole on
the photosphere and source surface. As a result, we identified 3335 coronal holes and found that the long-term distributionof coronal holes shows a similar pattern known as the magnetic butterfly diagram, and polar/low-latitude coronal holes

Long-term trend of coronal-hole distribution. Black and white circles indicate negative and positive polarities,
respectively, and their sizes are proportional to the areas of coronal holes. Background image is a magnetic
butterfly map made from synoptic magnetograms from the Kitt-Peak National Solar Observatory.

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end to decrease/increase in the last solar minimum relative to the previous two minima. We then compared the variations in
the polar coronal-hole area and neutron monitor data obtained at Oulu. The cross-correlation function between thoseparameters takes a maximum value at a time lag of 13 CRs (~1 year), which is equivalent to the propagation time of the solar
wind from the Sun to the termination shock. The area of the polar coronal hole is an observable indicator of the dipole
component of the solar magnetic field, and might be a useful parameter of direct modulation of galactic cosmic rays.

Relationship between north-south componentof the magnetic field in sheath regions andcoronal magnetic fields
The

occurrenceofgeomagnetic

stormsiscontrolled by the north-south (NS) component of the
IMF. The majority of geomagnetic storms are associatedwith magnetic clouds (MCs) or sheath regions. It istherefore important to understand the NS component of
the IMF associated with MCs and sheath regions forspace weather forecasting. The origin and structure of
MCs is becoming clear; however, the origin of the IMF
at sheath regions is poorly understood, and it is still not

Horizontal CMF component at 1.2 Rs. Thick arrows 1 and 2
indicate the directions of CMF at sub-Earth point and flaring
point (estimate source of MC), respectively.

clear how the IMF in sheath regions is related to coronalmagnetic fields (CMFs). We investigated the relationship between the polarity of the NS component of CMFs and that ofthe IMF observed by the ACE at sheath regions, using the Potential Field Source Surface model and the UCSD
time-dependent tomographic (UTDT) analysis. It was found that the polarity of the NS component of the CMFs at 1.1
solar radius (Rs) and 1.2 Rs agrees with ACE observations at the end time of the sheath region for all five analyzed events
during 2006–2008. The result indicates that the coronal magnetic field (CMF) at low height erupts and the field isobserved at the end time of the sheath region. We obtained similar results using the 1D hydrodynamic solar wind model
instead of UTDT analysis.

Study of the origin of the stationary normal component of the IMF
It is important to predict and analyze the normal component of the IMF
for space weather. We analyzed two kinds of stationary normal component of
the IMF, which is poorly understood. The first analysis was a statisticalanalysis of the magnetic data of various spacecraft and, in particular, weanalyzed the relationship between the radial component (Br) and the normalcomponent (Bn) of the IMF. The results indicated that Br and Bn have a positive
correlation in the north and a negative correlation in the south, from theequatorial plane. The second analysis was a comparative analysis between the
CMF and the near Earth magnetic field. We used the PFSS model to calculate
the CMF and UCSD time dependent tomography to estimate the solar wind
between the Earth and the Sun. The results indicated that there is a significant
correlation between the coronal Br and Bn of the near Earth region. This wasstudied in cooperation with B. V. Jackson and H.-S. Yu from UCSD.

Yearly averaged direction of the Bn-component observed by Voyager 1,
Voyager 2, and Pioneer 11. Upward anddownward arrows indicate positive andnegative Bn -components, respectively.

Institute for Space-Earth Environmental Research359-1. Research Divisions

Research Divisions

9-1. Division for Ionospheric and Magnetospheric Research
Research topics and keywords
 Understanding the process of energy transfer from thesolar wind to the magnetosphere and ionosphere Understanding the magnetosphere–ionosphere–
thermosphere coupled system Ground-based and network observation
 Space and planetary exploration

Introduction to Division for Ionospheric and Magnetospheric Research
The plasma and energy carried by the solar wind to the Earth and other planets exert physical effects on themagnetosphere and ionosphere, known as geospace. We study these effects and associated phenomena with international
cooperation, primarily, through various observational approaches using ground-based instruments; for example,
European Incoherent Scatter (EISCAT) radars, High-Frequency (HF)/Very High Frequency (VHF) radars, Global
Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) receivers, high-sensitivity passive/active optical instruments, magnetometers, andinstruments onboard satellites/spacecraft, which are developed in our division. We also lead the way to future space
exploration missions based on our expertise.

Main Achievements in FY2016
Measurements of aurora and electromagnetic waves at subauroral
latitudes
The PWING project started in the fiscal year 2016, with the support of theJapan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS), Grant-in-Aid for Specially
Promoted Research. Under this project auroral imagers and electromagnetic
wave receivers are deployed at eight stations (in Canada, Russia, Alaska, Finland,
and Iceland) around the North Pole at magnetic latitudes of about 60o toinvestigate the dynamics of plasma and waves in the inner magnetosphere. As
initial results, one-to-one correspondence was obtained between the subpacket
structures of Pc1 geomagnetic pulsations (EMIC waves). It is also suggested thatthe precipitation of MeV energy plasma into the stratosphere, associated with the
heliospheric plasma sheet through the EMIC waves, may affect the dynamics ofthe middle atmosphere.

Isolated proton aurora observed
at Athabasca, Canada.

Study of the upper atmosphere using optical imaging instruments
To investigate the dynamics of the mesosphere, thermosphere, and ionosphere, we routinely operate Optical
Mesosphere Thermosphere Imagers (OMTIs), which consist of five sky-scanning Fabry-Perot interferometers (FPIs),
17 all-sky charge-coupled device (CCD) imagers, three tilting photometers, and three airglow temperature photometers.
We have succeeded in taking all-sky airglow images of plasma bubbles over Africa for the first time. Long-term
variations in atmospheric gravity waves in the mesopause region and traveling ionospheric disturbances in theionosphere have been studied.

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Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research9-1. Research Divisions

3. Response of the ionosphere and thermosphere to solar flares
We developed the GAIA, a coupled global model of the ionosphere and atmosphere, to simulate the ionospheric andthermospheric responses to solar flares, and the following process was observed. An X-class flare irradiance enhances theionization on the dayside equatorial region and steepens the longitudinal gradient of the conductance at the morning andevening terminators. Consequently, the eastward electric current decreases/increases the polarization charge density in themorning/evening, and weakens/strengthens the eastward electric field in the post-sunrise/post-sunset sector.
4. Study of the plasmasphere and ionosphereusing global GNSS receiver network
We investigated the temporal and spatial
variations of the plasmasphere and ionosphere during
geomagnetic storms using global absolute total electron
content (TEC) data obtained from 5,600 GNSS receivers.
We found that the enhancement of the TEC began in thedaytime sub-auroral region about 2–3 hours after the
onset of the storm main phase, and expanded over time.
In the higher latitudes of the enhanced TEC, a TEC
decrease corresponding to the ionospheric troughappeared, and moved in the equatorial direction as thegeomagnetic storms developed. Moreover, theequatorial TEC showed a significant enhancement anddepression during the storm main and recovery phases,
respectively.

Global distribution of TEC obtained from GPS receivers.

5. Study on lunar plasma environment
A tenuous region called the wake forms behind the Moon in the solar wind, and plasma entry/refilling into the wakeis a fundamental problem in lunar plasma science. We have made the first observation of bow-shock reflected protons by
the Kaguya (SELENE) spacecraft in orbit around the Moon, confirming that solar wind plasma reflected at the terrestrial
bow shock can easily access the deepest lunar wake when the Moon stays in the foreshock. We conclude that the impact of
the bow-shock reflected ions and electrons raises the electrostatic potential of the lunar night-side surface throughsecondary electron emission.
6. SuperDARN Hokkaido HF Radars
Using the SuperDARN Hokkaido HF East and West radars at
Rikubetsu, Hokkaido, we studied the statistical characteristics of
Sub-Auroral Polarization Streams (SAPS) and mesospheric echoes.
We succeeded in imaging noctilucent clouds (for the first time inJapan) using a digital camera in Hokkaido, and concluded that they
were generated as a result of transport of cold air masses to theequatorial direction from higher latitudes.
Noctilucent cloud taken from Rikubetsu,
Hokkaido with estimated height of
83.9±0.1 km.

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EISCAT project promotion: synthetic observations with collocated instruments
The EISCAT Radar Scientific Association is an international organization concentrating on the operation ofradar systems in northern Scandinavia. We accumulated a variety of instruments around the EISCAT radars to
conduct complementary and synthetic observations throughout the ionosphere, thermosphere, and upper
mesosphere. In fiscal year 2016, 12 proposals for EISCAT special experiments were accepted by the Japanese
EISCAT committee, and 11 of these were conducted in collaboration with the National Institute of Polar Research(NIPR). Several optical instruments, including the Na Lidar, and the FPI, were operated automatically at the
EISCAT Tromsø site. An international session on“Study of coupling processes in the solar–terrestrial
system”, related to the EISCAT_3D project, wasorganized at Japan Geoscience Union (JPGU) 2016 with
Research

InstituteforSustainable

Humanosphere(RISH), Kyoto University and NIPR. A domestic
EISCAT workshop was held at NIPR in March 2017.

International collaboration to study impacts of the
EPP on the atmospheric minor components
Energetic particle precipitation (EPP) can modify
the density of atmospheric minor components such as
NOx and O3, which affect the atmospheric temperatureand dynamical field through chemical reactions. We
analyzed the EISCAT-measured electron density with the
Sodankylä Ion Chemistry model, and presented the O3
density depression by about 14% at an altitude of 75 km.

(a) Input of the five-day electron density with an artificial
EEP for 30 minutes. The 30-min EEP causes long-lasting
NOx and HOx increases (b and c), resulting in O3 density
depression around 75 km.

We also conducted personnel exchanges between Japanand Finland to improve this study.

Ground-based
optical/radio-wave
observation
network focusing on the wave-particle interaction
The inner magnetosphere and the plasmasphereconsist of charged particles across a wide range of energies
from 1 eV to 1 MeV. Interactions between plasma waves atfrequencies of 0.1 Hz–10 Hz and charged particles cause
acceleration or loss of particles in these regions. These
particles penetrate the polar ionosphere, resulting in aurorae
characterized by various spatiotemporal features andlongitudinal distributions. We installed EMCCD cameras, amagnetometer, and a five-wavelength photometer in northern
Scandinavia and North America to measure precipitating
particle energies, plasma waves, and aurorae. We also madean energy estimation of the precipitation electrons using thephotometer data.

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Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research

Upper:
Lower:

Field-of-views of the cameras in Scandinavia.
(left) optical part and (right) control part and PC
of the five-wavelength photometer.

9-1. Research Divisions

Final calibration and testing of plasma particle instruments onboard the geospace exploration
satellite, ERG (Arase)
The ERG (Arase) for in-situ observations of space plasma dynamics in the terrestrial radiation belt, carries six
plasma particle instruments. We performed the final calibrations for two of these, i.e., the medium-energy ion andelectron instruments, using high-energy ion and electron beamlines in our research division. We also conducted a final
test of the low-energy ion instruments to check the reduction performance of the solar ultraviolet irradiation.

Planning and leading the space exploration mission using the formation flight configuration ofpolar-orbiting satellites for research into the Earth’s magnetosphere–ionosphere–thermosphere
After the successful launch of, and initial observations from, ERG (Arase), we have commenced the planning andpromotion of the next space exploration mission, with the aim of leading the next community mission in Japanese space
physics, using the formation flight configuration of polar-orbiting satellites to investigate magnetosphere–ionosphere–
thermosphere coupling mechanisms for the Earth. In particular, we are calling for the participation of core researchers in thecommunity and also organizing regular meetings for discussions on the importance and objectives of the mission and therequired observational instruments. These activities have enhanced the reality and feasibility of the whole mission, andprovide a foundation for fruitful cooperation with domestic and overseas research institutes and manufacturers.

Development of the suprathermal ion instrument forthe sounding rocket experiment for research into the
Earth’s polar ionosphere–magnetosphere
In preparation for the sounding rocket experiment for
research into the Earth’s polar ionosphere–magnetosphere planned
for December 2017, we have just started the development of thesuprathermal ion instrument. Initial performance tests andcalibration of the energy analysis unit and the mass discrimination
unit have been conducted using the suprathermal ion beamline in
our institute. We also confirmed the experimental characteristicsof the energy analysis unit, with reference to the black coating andthe reduction in the solar ultraviolet irradiation.

Suprathermal ion instrument for the sounding rocket
experiment, set in the vacuum chamber of the beamline.

Data Archives
The following data archives are available to the public:
Database

Web site

OMTIs

http://stdb2.isee.nagoya-u.ac.jp/omti/

GPS scintillation

http://stdb2.isee.nagoya-u.ac.jp/QL-S4/

VHF (30.8 MHz) radar

http://stdb2.isee.nagoya-u.ac.jp/vhfr/

SuperDARN Hokkaido radar

http://cicr.isee.nagoya-u.ac.jp/hokkaido/

210-mm magnetic field data

http://stdb2.isee.nagoya-u.ac.jp/mm210/

STEL magnetometer network

http://stdb2.isee.nagoya-u.ac.jp/magne/

STEL VLF/ELF data

http://stdb2.isee.nagoya-u.ac.jp/vlf/

EISCAT radar, Sodium Lidar, MF/Meteor radar, Optics

http:// www.isee.nagoya-u.ac.jp/~eiscat/data/EISCAT.html

Reimei Satellite Data

http://reimei.stelab.nagoya-u.ac.jp/

Institute for Space-Earth Environmental Research399-1. Research Divisions

Research Divisions

9-1. Division for Meteorological and Atmospheric Research
Research topics and keywords
 Millimeter-wave/infrared interferometry of trace gases
such as greenhouse gases and ozone depleting
substances Precipitation measurements by advanced polarimetricradars and hydrometeor videosondes
 Laser/optical measurements and chamber data
analysis of trace gases and aerosol properties
 Development of new instrumental technology
 Development of a numerical cloud model (CReSS) andmeteorological studies with numerical simulations
 Clouds and precipitation observed by multiple satellites

Introduction to Division for Meteorological and Atmospheric Research
Ongoing global warming caused by increasing concentrations of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases will
result in both gradual climate change and intensification of weather extremes and ecological catastrophes. Among themost urgent tasks for confronting global environmental problems more effectively is close monitoring of the atmosphereusing different observation methods and a better understanding of the atmosphere through theoretical insights andnumerical modeling. To address these problems, the Division for Meteorological and Atmospheric Research is dedicatedto a number of research projects for exploring the atmosphere from a range of different angles.

Main Achievements in FY2016
Ground-based observations of column-averaged mixing ratios of methane and carbon dioxide in the
Sichuan Basin in China
Remote sensing of atmospheric greenhouse gases, methane (CH4) and carbon dioxide (CO2), contributes to ourunderstanding of climate change. A portable ground-based instrument consisting of a desktop optical spectrum analyzer
and a small sun tracker has been applied to measurement of the column-averaged mixing ratios of atmospheric CH4(XCH4) and CO2 (XCO2) at the Yanting observation station in a mountainous paddy field in the Sichuan Basin from
September to November. An increase in XCO2 from September to November due to accumulation in the Basin wasobserved. In contrast, higher ratios of XCH4 to XCO2 were observed in September, which were likely to be due to large
CH4 emissions from rice fields in the Basin.

Observational studies on new particle formation at two suburban sites in Japan
New particle formation (NPF) and subsequent particle growth are crucial secondary formation processes of atmosphericaerosols. We have measured aerosol size distributions and precursor gaseous species, such as sulfur dioxide, monoterpenes,
and toluene, at two distinct suburban sites in the cities of Kyoto and Hachioji, in summer, to elucidate factors controlling
NPF processes. At Kyoto, increases in nucleation mode particles with diameters smaller than 30 nm were observed on morethan half of the observation days. At Hachioji, although the concentrations of precursor gases were comparable or higher
than those at Kyoto, no NPF event was observed. Concentrations of isoprene more than tenfold those elsewhere wereobserved in Hachioji due to emissions from deciduous trees around the observation site. These results imply that isoprene
suppresses the NPF in suburban forest environments, where both anthropogenic and biogenic emissions are present.

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Development and evaluation of a small PM2.5 instrument
A new compact, palmtop sensor to measure PM2.5 (suspended particles
with diameters less than 2.5 µm) has been developed in collaboration with thePanasonic Corporation. The sensor consists of an LED light source andphotodiode detecting light scattering from aerosol particles. The results oflaboratory tests suggest that the sensor can detect particles with diameters as
small as 0.3 µm and can measure mass concentrations of PM2.5 up to at least 600µg/m3. In addition, the PM2.5 mass concentrations of ambient particles measured

Newly developed small PM2.5 sensor.

using the compact PM2.5 instrument agreed well with those measured using a standard (but expensive) beta attenuation
monitoring instrument with correlation coefficients greater than 0.8.

Earth surface echo estimation by TRMM EOM special experimental data
In the end of mission (EOM) special experiment of the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM), wide-swath
experiments were conducted to acquire basic data for future spaceborne precipitation radar design. The main part of thisexperiment evaluated contamination of surface echoes in the precipitation echo, which is of concern for wide-swath
operation. In the precipitation retrieval algorithm for the spaceborne precipitation radar, surface echoes are used as
reference data for rain attenuation correction, so the strength and fluctuation of this signal are also needed. The analysis
results showed that the incidence angle dependency of the surface echo intensity (normalized surface scattering crosssection: σ 0) under the no-rainfall condition differs over ocean and over land. The value of σ 0 over ocean is smaller thanthe value of σ 0 of over land at larger incident angles. It is suggested, therefore, that the clutter height is suppressed overocean, similar to the current spaceborne radar under strong precipitation. Small values of σ 0 at a large incident angle overocean reduce the value of S/N, resulting in a limitation to the rain attenuation correction.

Radar observation of cirrus clouds in outflow layer of a typhoon
Cirrus clouds extend to the upper-level outflow layers of typhoons. Recent studies have shown that radiative heating
associated with cirrus clouds in the outflow layers affects typhoon intensity, structure, and track. Information on theamount and distribution of liquid and ice cloud particles are required to estimate the radiative heating rate; however,clouds are insufficiently expressed in present numerical models because of uncertainties in cloud microphysical processes,
especially ice nucleation processes. To measure typhoon outflow-layer clouds quantitatively, Nagoya University
collaborated with the University of Ryukyus to install a Ka-band polarimetric radar at Sesoko Island in Okinawa, andobservations were conducted from April to December, 2016. On October 3, Typhoon Chaba (2016) approached to a
distance of 135 km from the radar during the most developed period. We obtained radar reflectivity, polarimetricparameters, and vertical Doppler velocity data, as well as information on fine structures in outflow-layer cirrus clouds
over a long period of time. These results provide observational evidence for validation of microphysical processes innumerical models, and are expected to contribute to improvement of typhoon forecasts.

Relationship between distributions of graupel-dominant volumes and updraft properties in convective
regions using multiple X-band polarimetric Doppler radars
A polarimetric Doppler radar network enabled us to compare distributions of 3-dimensional wind field andprecipitation particles in a precipitation system. A strong updraft region is expected to correspond to the vertically extending
graupel-dominant volumes in a precipitation cell. To confirm this working hypothesis, we analyzed distributions ofgraupel-dominant volumes and updraft regions in convective precipitation systems over the Tokai District using the multiple
polarimetric Doppler radars of the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism. Three-dimensional wind fields

Institute for Space-Earth Environmental Research419-1. Research Divisions

and graupel distributions can be obtained by a dual-Doppler analysis and a particle identification method, respectively. We
selected two cases for the analysis: one is a graupel-dominant case in which the graupel-dominant volume extends from themelting level at a height of 5 km to 10 km observed on September 4, 2013, and the other is a less-graupel case which thegraupel-dominant volume only exists around the melting level observed on September 25, 2014. The upper percentile of thevertical velocity that corresponds to the maximum updraft near the center of the convective cells of the graupel-dominantcase is clearly greater than that of the less-graupel case below the melting level. However, the horizontal distribution of thecolumn with the upper percentile of vertical velocity around the melting level is different from that of the reflectivity both in
the graupel-dominant and less-graupel cases. The difference can be attributed to that of the stage of a precipitation cell: theupper percentile of vertical velocity (reflectivity) around the melting level corresponds to its developing (mature) stage. Thus,
strong updraft is expected to be observed prior to high reflectivity by the formation of graupel particles around the melting level.

Observation of snow clouds using a Ka-band polarization radar
To clarify the relationship between polarimetric parameters obtained by a Ka-band radar and characteristics of solidhydrometers, we installed a radar at Ishikawa Prefectural University in the winter season of 2016–2017. We also installed
several optical rain-gauges to observe the shape, size, and fall speed of hydrometeors at Kanazawa University locatedwithin the observation range of the radar. We confirmed the sensitivity of polarimetric parameters for the cases ofcoexisting graupels and snowflakes, and snowflake-dominant periods. We will construct a particle identification method
for a Ka-band polarimetric radar by combining these observational cases.

Monitoring of stratospheric ozone, UV, and aerosols in the region of Patagonia, South America
We have continued a joint research project with Argentina and Chile called “Development of the Atmospheric
Environmental Risk Management System in South America”, as a part of the Science and Technology ResearchPartnership for Sustainable Development (SATREPS) program operated by the Japan Science and Technology Agency(JST) and the Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA). In 2016, with the cooperation of the National
Meteorological Service of Argentina, an UV-measurement network was established over 30 sites in Argentina and Chile,and an IT platform for real-time circulation of the observation and prediction dataset with a common data format has beenpromoted. In addition, the 4th campaign observations were made during the period from October to December,coordinating with the ozone sondes, Brewer spectrometer and the millimeter-wave spectral radiometer. We continue todevelop an aerosol-lidar network in collaboration with the National Institute for Environmental Studies (NIES), and sevenof nine lidar-systems are operational. The remainder have been built, and preliminary measurements conducted.

Observations of chemical composition changes of the polar mesospheric atmosphere
In the polar mesospheric region, the chemical composition varies due to the precipitation of energetic particles along
the magnetic field. To understand these processes more fully, the ISEE and the NIPR have carried out continuous
monitoring of nitric oxide (NO) and ozone (O3) spectra using a ground-based millimeter-wave spectral radiometer since
January, 2012. In 2016, the ISEE also installed a new millimeter-wave spectral radiometer at Tromsø, Norway, incollaboration with the University of Tromsø, and preliminary measurements of NO and O3 were conducted. Time series
analyses of the observed NO column over Syowa and the fluxes of precipitating electron energies greater than 30 keVshow a positive correlation in winter, suggesting that energetic electron precipitation plays an important role in NO
production in the polar mesosphere in winter. Simultaneous measurements of NO in Syowa and Tromsø starting in the2017 season will provide a comprehensive dataset of composition changes caused by energetic particle precipitation(EPP) in different UV and meteorological environments, leading to a better understanding of the relationship between
EPP and changes in the atmospheric environment.

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Analysis of stratospheric ozone variations due to dynamics in a mid-latitude region
A campaign measurement in the Patagonia region as a part of the SATRPES program was conducted in 2016, andvertical profiles of the O3 mixing ratio near the polar vortex in the stratosphere were obtained using ozone sondes
launched daily from Punta Arenas, Chile. The observed vertical distribution of O3 shows a complex of laminarstructures whose width is typically a few km or below. This laminar structure is caused by displacement of the airmass
due to gravity waves and horizontal transport due to Rossby wave breaking. We evaluated the influence of theseprocesses on the O3 distribution, and found that horizontal transport due to Rossby wave breaking is the most effective
process. At Rikubetsu, millimeter-wave measurements of stratospheric O3 distribution continue, and large variability
in the O3 mixing ratio was found in the upper stratosphere in December of 2015 and 2016; the typical change was up to
about 50% of the average over a few days. Using the O3 dataset with AURA/MLS and the meteorological dataset from
MERRA-2, we found that the O3 distribution in the upper stratosphere in winter coincides with that of the isentropic
surface, which shows a large curvature toward the east-west and, as a result, the O3 mixing ratio at the pressure levelvaries widely over a few days.

Development of a wide frequency range and dynamic range detector for a new radiometer system
Research into new technologies at very short radio wavelengths, such as the millimeter, sub-millimeter, andterahertz bands, is important for developing scientific study in atmospheric science as well as radio astronomy. We havebeen developing a new receiver system on our atmospheric radiometers through collaborative research with the Advanced
Technology Center (ATC) at the NAOJ since 2014. This year, we have designed a waveguide-type multiplexer in the 200
GHz band for monitoring observations of multi-line atmospheric molecules (O3, NOx, HOx, and ClOx) in Antarctica witha 3D electromagnetic field simulator. This multiplexer can divide the radio frequency signal from 179 to 254 GHz into
four frequency bands with low loss (insertion loss < 0.2 dB and return loss ~15 dB). In addition, a wide dynamic range
superconducting device, which is the most important component for detectors in this frequency band, was also designed,
and test devices were successfully fabricated in the cleanroom at ATC.

Convective and large-scale mass flux profiles determinedfrom satellite observations
The vertical mass flux of the atmosphere is a key variable inmeteorology but is difficult to measure. A new, satellite-based
methodology has been developed to evaluate the convective massflux and large-scale total mass flux. To derive the convective massflux, candidate profiles of in-cloud vertical velocity are first
constructed with a simple plume model under the constraint of
ambient sounding and then narrowed down to the solution thatmatches satellite-derived cloud top buoyancy (right figure).
Meanwhile, the large-scale total mass flux is provided separatelyfrom satellite soundings using a method developed previously. All
satellite snapshots are sorted into a composite time series thatdelineates the evolution of a vigorous and organized convective
system. The method developed in this study is expected to be of
unique utility for future observational diagnosis of tropicalconvective dynamics and for evaluation of global climate model

Plume model profiles. Darker curves
represent more probable solutions thanlight-gray curves.

cumulus parameterizations on a global scale.

Institute for Space-Earth Environmental Research439-1. Research Divisions

Research Divisions

9-1. Division for Land–Ocean Ecosystem Research
Research topics and keywords
 Global warming and changes in terrestrial
water-material cycles in the Arctic circumpolar region
 Effects of climate change and anthropogenic forcing
on the terrestrial ecosystem Cloud/rainfall variability in Asian monsoon regions
 Dynamics of phytoplankton in marginal seas andcoastal areas
 Climate variability and changing open ocean
ecosystem dynamics and biogeochemical cycle
 Interaction between oceanic waves and climate
variations

Introduction to Division for Land–Ocean Ecosystem Research
The Land–Ocean Ecosystem Research Division investigates regional and global energy, water and material cycles,
and physical/biogeochemical processes in the land–ocean ecosystem.
On land, synthetic research is performed using in-situ observations, sophisticated coupled land–atmosphere models,
atmospheric reanalysis data, and remote sensing, to understand the relationships between climate change andwater/material cycles over land from the tropics to the north polar region. We observe precipitation, evapotranspiration,soil moisture, carbon dioxide, and the methane budget at multiple observation sites. We intensively investigate howanthropogenic forcing such as land-use and land-cover change, surface conditions such as sea-ice change and sea
surface temperature, and the responses of vegetation, interact with local and global climate systems through theatmospheric water cycle.
Ocean research is performed using satellite remote sensing, numerical simulations, and in-situ observations. We
perform synthetic studies of physical and biogeochemical processes in the ocean and their interactions with theatmosphere and climate. In particular, we investigate the manner in which oceanic heat content, circulation, and surface
waves interact with atmospheric environments and how they are linked to climate and meteorological phenomena suchas tropical cyclones. We also investigate how variations in ocean circulation, mixing processes, and air–sea fluxes
influence marine ecosystems where phytoplankton is a primary producer. Moreover, we are interested in the possible
impact of the marine ecosystem on physical processes and climate in the ocean and atmosphere.

Main Achievements in FY2016
Assessments of greenhouse gas emissions from the Arctic terrestrial environment
Greenhouse gases, such a carbon dioxide and methane emitted from a poorly-drained black spruce forest overpermafrost in Interior Alaska were measured. We used the micrometeorological measurements and eddy covariancemeasurement systems in an experimental forest at the University of Alaska, Fairbanks. From field measurements over
6-years it was observed that the thaw depth and the thickness of the anaerobic layer (groundwater level from the frozensoil) contributed significantly to methane emissions from the soil surface. In particular, flooding conditions led to adramatic increase in the emission rate. We also measured methane concentrations in soil pores and soil waters, andshowed that dissolved methane exists in soil waters. Soils were saturated in wet areas, however the dissolved methane
concentration in soil waters near the surface layer was low, suggesting that the presence of deep soil is important for the
production of methane.

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Development of a Terrestrial Ecosystem Dynamics model and its application to a Bornean tropicalrainforest
The threat from climate change to tropicalrainforests is a topic of major interest. The main threat
arises from drought. In the case of the Amazonian
rainforest, the dry season has significantly lengthened
since 1979, and the frequency of drought is projected
to increase. In contrast, Bornean tropical rain forests
are among the moistest biomes in the world, with
abundant rainfall throughout the year, and considered
to be vulnerable to a change in the rainfall regime; inthis regard, high tree mortality was reported in suchforests induced by a severe drought associated with
the ENSO event in 1997–1998. The most significant
parameter affecting mortality was tree size, with taller
trees experiencing more mortality in periods ofdrought. To assess the risk of size-dependent mortality

Example of the effect of drought on Bornean tropicalrainforest simulated by S-TEDy.

for trees in a Bornean tropical rainforest, we developed a new model named S-TEDy (SEIB-DGVM-originatedTerrestrial Ecosystem Dynamics model), which mechanistically describes the “way of life” of each tree individuallyand simulates plot-scale dynamics of a forest. By using this S-TEDy model, individual tree transpiration andabove-ground biomass were successfully reproduced for a Bornean tropical rainforest, including correct predictionof the high mortality of taller trees induced by the drought associated with the ENSO event.

Effects of two major intraseasonal modes on the genesis of low-pressure systems around Bangladesh
The effects of the quasi-biweekly oscillation (QBW) and the boreal summer intraseasonal oscillation (BSISO) on
the genesis of low pressure systems (LPSs) such as vortex-type lows were investigated for the active phase, both with
LPSs (LPS case) and without LPSs (non-LPS case) based on rainfall in the QBW over Bangladesh. In the QBW mode,
westward propagation of an anticyclonic anomaly from the western Pacific to the Bay of Bengal (BoB) is common inboth cases. In contrast, the BSISO mode shows an opposite
phase between the two cases: a cyclonic (anticyclonic)
anomaly propagating northward from the equator to the BoB
in the LPS case (non-LPS case). In the LPS case, the cyclonicanomaly in the BSISO mode enhances the westerly (easterly)
flow over the BoB (Bangladesh) in the active phase, resulting
in the enhancement of cyclonic vorticity over the northern
BoB and Bangladesh, in cooperation with the QBW mode.
Thus, both the QBW and BSISO modes have a significant
influence on the environmental conditions for LPS genesis.
Reference: Hatsuzuka, D. and H. Fujinami (2017): Effects of theSouth Asian monsoon intraseasonal modes on genesis of low
pressure systems over Bangladesh, Journal of Climate, 30, 2481–
2499, doi: 10.1175/JCLI-D-16-0360.1.

A vortex-type low (i.e., LPS case) associated withintraseasonal oscillations.

Institute for Space-Earth Environmental Research459-1. Research Divisions

Analyzing the origin of rain- and subsurface water in seasonal wetlands of north-central Namibia
We investigated the origins of rain- and subsurface
waters of north-central Namibia’s seasonal wetlands, which
are critical to the region’s water and food security. The region
includes the southern part of the Cuvelai system seasonal
wetlands (CSSWs) of the Cuvelai Basin, a transboundary
river basin covering southern Angola and northern Namibia.
We analyzed stable water isotopes (SWIs) of hydrogen(HDO) and oxygen (H218O) in rainwater, surface water andshallow groundwater. The isotopic ratios of HDO (δD) andH218O (δ18O) were analyzed in each rainwater sample andthen used to derive the annual mean values of δD and δ18O in
precipitation weighted by each rainfall volume. Using deltadiagrams (plotting δD vs. δ18O), we showed that the annual
mean value was a good indicator of the origins of subsurface
waters in the CSSWs. We also conducted atmospheric water

Time series of atmospheric water budget components
from September 1, 2013 to May 31, 2014 in the target
region (17–18° S, 15–16° E). P is precipitation [mm d−1],
C is atmospheric moisture flux convergence [mm d−1], Q
is temporal change in precipitable water [mm d−1], and E
is evapotranspiration [mm d−1].

budget analysis using TRMM multi-satellite precipitation analysis (TMPA) data and ERA-Interim atmospheric reanalysis
data, to confirm the origins of rainwater and to explain the variations in isotopic ratios. The results showed that aroundthree-fourths of the rainwater was derived from recycled water at local–regional scales. Satellite-observed outgoing
longwave radiation (OLR) and complementary satellite data implied that the isotopic ratios in rainwater were affected byevaporation of raindrops falling from convective clouds. Consequently, integrated SWI analysis of rain-, surface andsubsurface waters, together with the atmospheric water budget analysis, revealed that the shallow groundwaters of small
wetlands in this region were very likely to be recharged from surface waters originating from local rainfall. This was also
supported by tritium (3H) counting of the current rain- and subsurface waters in the region.
Reference: Hiyama et al. (2017): Analysing the origin of rain- and subsurface water in seasonal wetlands of north-central Namibia.
Environmental Research Letters, 12, 034012, doi:10.1088/1748-9326/aa5bc8

Estimation of ocean primary production by fast repetition rate fluorometerPrimary production by oceanic phytoplankton is important for understanding fish production and the global material
cycle, such as carbon. Measurement of primary production has been conducted using the incubation method with carbon
isotopes. This is time consuming, and it is difficult to obtain frequent data from a large area. Recently, modelling withsatellite remote sensing data has been used to estimate primary production; however, it is necessary to obtain data to provide
parameters for, and verify, the model. A Fast Repetition Rate fluorometer (FRRf) can be used to estimate the instantaneouselectron transport rate (ETR) of photosystem II. If the electron requirement for carbon fixation (Kc) is known, it is possible
to estimate primary production from the ETR. The short term Kc has been assumed to be constant in many studies, and novalue of Kc for daily net primary production has yet been reported. In this study, ETR was observed every two hours during
the day in Ariake Bay, and the daily ETR was calculated by integration. The net daily primary production was also measured
using the incubation method, and the daily Kc estimated. Various environmental factors were compared, and it was foundthat the daily Kc was correlated with the daily photosynthetically active radiation (PAR). Similar observation and analysis
was conducted in the East China Sea, and good correlation between daily Kc and PAR was verified, although the slope of thecorrelation was different for samples with different phytoplankton size compositions. For samples with a high abundance oflarge (>20 um) phytoplankton, the slope was steep, and the daily Kc was higher under similar PAR. This indicates that it ispossible to convert FRRf ETR to primary production if a similar relationship can be estimated. However, the slope in Ariake

46

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research9-1. Research Divisions

Bay, expected to be dominated by large phytoplankton, was shallower than that in the East China Sea, and this indicates that
other factors, such as nutrients, may also play important roles in each area.

Tropical-extratropical interactions in the atmosphere and the ocean
For mid-latitude Rossby waves in the atmosphere, theexpression for the energy flux for use in a model diagnosis,
without relying on Fourier analysis or ray theory, has
previously been derived using quasi-geostrophic equations
and is singular at the equator. We have derived an exact
universal expression for the energy flux that is able toindicate the direction of the group velocity of both equatorial
and mid-latitude waves. This is achieved by introducing a
streamfunction, as given by the inversion equation of Ertel’s
potential vorticity, a novel aspect for considering the energy
Satellite altimetry sea surface height data showing
El Niño.

flux. The connection of the equatorial and coastal
waveguides has been successfully illustrated by the energy

flux of the present study. This will allow for tropical-extratropical interactions in oceanic and atmospheric model
outputs to be diagnosed in terms of an energy cycle in future work.
Reference: Aiki et al. (2017): Towards a seamlessly diagnosable expression for both equatorial and mid-latitude waves. Progress inEarth and Planetary Science, 4, 034012, doi 10.1186/s40645-017-0121-1

Phytoplankton strategy for coping with high light stress in the NW subarctic Pacific
Global warming leads to a shoaling of the oceanic surface mixed layer. This shoaling increases the light availability
for phytoplankton; however, it also increases the potential risk of photo-damage to their PSII. Therefore, the response ofphytoplankton to high light stress should be considered for the prediction of future changes in ocean productivity.
Previous studies have shown that phytoplankton assemblages have lower susceptibility to PSII photoinactivation in thesubarctic Pacific than those in the subtropic, implying more effective dissipation of excess excitation in the former.
Recently, it has been suggested that parts of PSII-generated electrons are rerouted to oxygen as an alternative sink via aplastoquinol terminal oxidase (PTOX) pathway in oceanic phytoplankton. Here, for natural assemblages in the NW
subarctic Pacific, we conducted high light challenge experiments in which short-term changes in the maximum quantum
yield of PSII (Fv/Fm) were tracked using FRR fluorometry. The derived susceptibility to PSII photoinactivation wascompared between the control and the sample treated with a
PTOX inhibitor (Pgal), to address the function of PTOX in thecells under high light. All experiments showed lower Fv/Fm in
Pgal-treated samples, i.e., more susceptibility to PSII
phtoinactivation, than the control (figure). This suggests that the
PTOX mediated electron flow alleviates excessive PSII
excitation pressure, corresponding to a 20–35 % reduction in
potential inactivation. In particular, for phytoplankton in the
NW subarctic Pacific, under a relatively low iron availability, it
would be possible to bypass the electron flow bottle-neck of PSI
by up-regulation of PTOX as a photo-protection mechanism.

Fv/Fm during light challenge experiment for control (C),lincomycin (L), and Pgal (P, blocking PTOX pathway)
treatments of phytoplankton collected in station KNOT in
the NW subarctic Pacific.

Institute for Space-Earth Environmental Research479-1. Research Divisions

Research Divisions

9-1. Division for Chronological Research
Research topics and keywords









Accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS)Radiocarbon (14C) dating
Developing radiocarbon (14C) pre-treatment andmeasurement techniques
Analysis of cosmogenic nuclides
Chemical U-Th total Pb isochron method (CHIME)
Microanalysis and spectroscopy
Geochronology
Isotope analysis

Introduction to Division for Heliospheric Research
Short- and long-term forecasts of global environmental changes and their countermeasures are issues of great
urgency. Determining when an event occurred in the past, “dating”, is of great importance for predicting future states on
Earth. Therefore, we conducted chronological studies on a broad range of subjects from events in the Earth’s history
spanning approximately 4.6 billion years, including archeological materials, cultural properties, and modern cultural
assets. The Tandetron dating group conducts interdisciplinary research that involves radiocarbon (14C) dating using
accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) to understand changes in the Earth’s environment and the cultural history ofhumankind from approximately 50,000 years ago to the present day. In addition, the group studies near-future forecasts ofEarth and space environments, focusing on spatiotemporal variations in cosmogenic nuclides, such as 14C and 10Be, andconducts research that integrates art and science through collaboration between researchers in archeology, historicalscience, and other fields. The micro-scale spatial dating group uses the chemical U-Th total Pb isochron method (CHIME),
which was first developed at Nagoya University, to shed light on events in Earth’s history from the formation of Earth 4.6
billion years ago up to approximately 1 million years ago. With an electron probe microanalyzer (EPMA), non-destructive
microanalyses of rocks and other samples are conducted to investigate records of complex events recorded in zircon,
monazite, and other materials.

Main Achievements in FY2016
Understanding the climate and tectonic history in the Levant area
The area surrounding the Dead Sea (Levant) was the locus of humankind’s migration out of Africa and, thus, has beena home to people since the Stone Age. Understanding the climatic and tectonic history in the region provides valuable
archeological insights and furthers studies of human history, helping us
to gain a better picture of future climatic and tectonic scenarios. An
International Continental Scientific Drilling program (ICDP) of deep
drilling was performed in the deepest site in the Dead Sea in 2010/2011.
The 455 m-long sediment core provided high-resolution records of thepaleoclimate, paleoenvironment and paleoseismicity of the Dead Sea
Basin. The upper 150 m-long section of the sediment core was dated
using the AMS 14C method. The historic climatic and tectonic events
over the past 50 ka were examined, together with archeological evidence
relating to human history.

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Drilling of sediment core in the Dead Sea.

9-1. Research Divisions

PaleoAsia
It is postulated that Homo sapiens (modern humans) emerged from the African continent
approximately 200,000 years ago, and after the time expanded before 10,000–50,000 years withadaptation to diverse environments in the Eurasian continent, and then replaced more primitive
species. A new project - “Cultural History of PaleoAsia - Integrative research on the formative
processes of modern human cultures in Asia” was promoted. We conducted a systematic fieldsurvey at lake and archaeological sites in Asia (Vietnam, Mongolia, Oman, Iran and Jordan) toevaluate the residential environment and lifestyles of modern humans of PaleoAsia.
Drilling in Vietnam.

Paleoclimatic and paleoenvironmental studies on long-lived bivalve shells
Bivalves form a useful archive for paleoclimatology. A cold-water bivalve, Stimpson’s hardclam (Mercenaria stimpsoni) in the Funakoshi Bay (Iwate, Japan) can live for more than 100
years and is, hence, very useful for obtaining paleoclimate records. One of the most important
records is the “Bomb-14C peak”. The Bomb-14C peak in the high-latitude North Pacific willcontribute to a deeper understanding of marine carbon cycles and to large improvements indetermining the chronology of dead specimens.

Live-specimen of M.
collected
stimpsonifrom Funakoshi Bay.

Reconstruction of Baiu frontal activity using
oxygen isotopic data in annual rings
The rainfall from the quasi-stationary front(Baiu front) has a lower δ18O than that from othernon-frontal precipitation. The δ18O variability insummer rainfall is closely related to the Baiu frontal
activity. We examined a mechanistic tree-ring isotope
model to reconstruct a 106-year-long δ18O of
precipitation during the early rainy season based onthe δ18O in annual rings in Japanese cypress trees
from central Japan. Our results show that the
year-to-year δ18O variations are associated with

Time-series of δ18O in precipitation reconstructed from tree-ringcellulose records from 1898 to 2005. The shaded envelope
represents statistically significant at the 95% level. The thin line isthe annual average value of δ18O in precipitation. The solid thickline represents the 5-year running mean.

several teleconnection patterns that often lead to the Baiu precipitation anomalies in central Japan. This finding suggeststhat the influence of teleconnection patterns on Baiu precipitation variability has varied over inter-decadal time scales
during the 20th century.

In-situ 10Be measurements in exposed rocks from the shore of Lake
Puma Yumco in Tibet
We conducted measurements of in-situ cosmogenic 10Be values by Accelerator
Mass Spectrometry for exposed rock samples from the shore of Lake Puma Yumco in
Tibet to estimate erosion rates in the southern region of the Tibetan plateau. The 10Be
concentrations ranged from 5.0–6.8×106 atom/g, similar to those of the surface
sediments of Lake Puma Yumco. The calculated erosion rates were 9.6−13.6 mm/kyr.
This result shows the slow erosion rates in southern Tibet compared to those ofnorthern Tibet.

Collecting the sample at the
Tibetan plateau.

Institute for Space-Earth Environmental Research499-2. Research Centers

Radiocarbon dating and diet analysis ofcarbonate hydroxyapatite in cremated bones
Radiocarbon dating and dietary analysis were
performed on cremated bone using the carbonatehydroxyapatite (CHa) fraction. The samples used were
the remains of Jokei, a Buddhist monk (AD 1155–1213),
collected in an urn at the Jisho-in Temple located in

Calibrated ages of the cremated bones of Jokei. The grey
coloured belt shows the period of Jokei’s life span (AD1155–
1213).

Nara Prefecture, Japan. The CHa in the white crematedbone that had been subjected to high temperatures showed 14C dates similar to the period of Jokei’s life span. The
dietary reconstruction on Jokei’s cremated bones using Sr/Ca and δ88Sr indicated his vegetarianism. The results
indicate that CHa in cremated bones is effective for accurate 14C dating and dietary analysis.

Radiocarbon dating of kana-kohitsugire calligraphies copied in the Insei period
Kana is said to have been created in the middle 11th century. In the elegant calligraphy ofthe Heian period, there is a case in which details of the inscription age are not clear. Such cases
tend to involve calligraphy written in the Insei period; therefore, we performed radiocarbon
dating for two calligraphies of the Insei period. The calibrated radiocarbon age ofMisyo-tirashi-uta-gire was about AD1000; indicating that this is a rare example precedent to theInsei period. The calibrated radiocarbon age of Minbu-gire indicated that it originated from the
middle 17th century; it is a copy or counterfeit.

Daihannyakyo
Karoku period.

ofPossibility of radiocarbon dating of bronze implements
Verdigris, CuCO3・Cu(OH)2, is rust produced on bronze implements. The reactants are
Cu in bronze and CO2 from the atmosphere. Once verdigris is formed, it creates a close film
and restricts generation of any new rust. Therefore, verdigris should preserve carbon fromthe atmosphere in which it was formed. The purpose of this study was to prove thepossibility of radiocarbon dating of bronze. First, we clarified that CuCO3 ・Cu(OH)2
releases CO2 by heating at 250○C for 1 hour. Then, we applied the method to archaeologicalsamples of known age and measured the radiocarbon ages. The result shows that verdigris

Verdigris collected from abronze implement.

preserves carbon from atmosphere when it was formed and that verdigris is a suitablesample for radiocarbon dating.

Investigation into a pre-treatment method for charcoal for accurate 14C dating
Reliable

14

C dating requires appropriate chemical treatment to remove

post-deposition contamination from samples. We assessed two pre-treatments: acid–base–acid (ABA) treatment and acid–base–oxidation with stepped combustion(ABOx-SC) for reliable 14C dating of charcoal samples. The ABA-treated samples
yielded younger 14C dates than the ABOx-treated ones, probably owing to the effects
of remaining organic contaminants. Meanwhile, the ABA-SC treatment was able toreduce contaminants as effectively as the ABOx-SC treatment; this implies thatstepped combustion (SC) can reduce the contaminant residue left after ABA andABOx treatments.

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Charred wood sample with 14C
age of about 44,000 BP.

9-1. Research Divisions

Mogok metamorphic belt in Myanmar
The high temperature (T)/pressure (P) regional Mogok metamorphic belt incentral Myanmar is an eastern continuation of the Himalayan orogen, and its
geological and petrological data are important for understanding collision tectonics
between the Eurasian Continent and the Indian subcontinent. The P-T conditions ofpeak metamorphism were estimated at 0.6–1.0 GPa/780–850○C, suggesting that thathigh-grade metamorphic rocks, from upper amphibolite to granulite facies, occur
extensively in the Mogok metamorphic belt. These metamorphic rocks have beensubsequently re-equilibrated under the conditions of 0.3–0.5 GPa/600–680○C during
exhumation and hydration. The CHIME monazite age data indicated prograde andretrograde metamorphism of Late Eocene and Late Oligocene epochs.

Thorium X-ray map of a monazite grain.

Mechanism of Ti substitution into biotite
Ti-rich biotite grains (up to 6.9 wt% TiO2) from the Mogok metamorphic rocks in
Myanmar were analyzed to examine the mechanisms of Ti-bearing substitutions. Ti
contents of biotite are strongly related to the coexisting phases. The high Ti content of
biotite in sillimanite-free samples is probably a result of Ti□R-2 substitution, where R
is the sum of divalent cations and □ represents a vacancy in the octahedral sites. The
biotite grains in the sillimanite-bearing sample showed a combination of Ti□R-2 andTiRAl-2 substitutions.

Polarizing photomicrograph of aparagneiss containing Ti-rich biotite.

Mechanisms of Nb and Zr substitution into rutile
Rutile grains extensively occur as a main Ti-rich phase in high- temperatureparagneisses of the Mogok metamorphic belt of Myanmar. Most rutile grains
contain up to 3.7 wt% Nb2O5, which shows positive correlations with Fe andtrivalent elements. Niobium substitutes for Ti by a coupled substitution with thetrivalent cations (M3+) of Nb5+M3+Ti4+-2. Fine rutile grains in ilmenite are
distinctly poor in Nb (< 0.1 wt% as Nb2O5) and contain Fe concentrations of 1.7–
3.2 wt% as Fe2O3, suggesting a vacancy-bearing substitution of Fe3+4Ti4+-3□-1,
where □ indicates a vacancy. The equilibrium temperatures were estimated to beover 850°C using a Ti-in-rutile geothermometer.

Titanium X-ray map of arutile-ilmenite composite grain.

Regeneration of the calibration curves for chemical
analysis of rocks with XRF
The X-ray fluorescence spectrometer (XRF-1800, Shimadzu)
was moved to Research Institute Building II from Furukawa Hall in
2016. Several parameters were recalibrated after movement. The
calibration curves for rock samples were regenerated using 28
standard materials. The newly generated calibration curves coverwider ranges in chemical compositions and are applicable to chert andlimestone in addition to major igneous and sedimentary rocks.
X-ray fluorescence spectrometer.

Institute for Space-Earth Environmental Research519-2. Research Centers

Centers
9-2. ResearchCenter for International Collaborative Research (CICR)
Research topics and keywords
 Internationally coordinated programs Ground-based observation networks and satellite
projects
 Hosting international workshops
 International exchange of foreign and Japanese
researchers and students Capacity building in developing countries throughtraining courses and schools
 Observatories

Observatories

Introduction to CICR
The Center for International Collaborative Research (CICR) was established in October 2015 to promoteinternational collaborative studies for understanding physical mechanisms of the phenomena occurring in the space–Sun–
Earth environmental system and their interactions with each other. The CICR provides leadership to encourage andpromote internationally coordinated programs, such as those carried out by the Scientific Committee On Solar-TErrestrial
Physics (SCOSTEP) and Future Earth, ground-based observation networks, international satellite projects, hosting ofinternational workshops and conferences, international exchange of foreign and Japanese researchers and students, andcapacity building in developing countries through training courses and schools. The CICR has taken over from theGeospace Research Center of the former Solar-Terrestrial Environment Laboratory, Nagoya University.
Cycle 24 of the 11-year solar cycle had the smallest maximum of the past 100 years, and world scientists in have astrong interest in this anomaly and its consequences for Earth’s environment. Thus, SCOSTEP under the International
Council for Science (ICSU) commenced a 5-year international program entitled “Variability of the Sun and Its
Terrestrial Impact (VarSITI)” in 2014. One of the co-chairs of the VarSITI program is part of the CICR, and is
responsible for taking a lead in this program. The CICR publishes a VarSITI Newsletter every three months, operates a
VarSITI mailing list that currently contains more than 800 VarSITI members from more than 60 countries, andcoordinates international symposiums related to VarSITI. The CICR also contributes to other international programs
related to the space–Sun–Earth environment, such as Future Earth and Integrated Land Ecosystem-atmosphere
Processes Study (iLEAPS). In relation to these international
programs, the CICR also takes part in/operates ground-based
observation projects, i.e., the EISCAT radar project, OMTIs,
the ISEE magnetometer network, the SuperDARN radar
network including the Hokkaido HF radars, the ISEEVLF/ELF network, and the ArCS operation office.
The

CICR

is

operating

the

new

international

collaborative research programs from fiscal year 2016. The
CICR also holds four domestic observatories at Moshiri,
Rikubetsu, Fuji, and Kagoshima, which make observations of
the solar wind, the geomagnetic field, and the upper
atmosphere. Some of these observations have been conducted
for more than 30 years.

52

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental ResearchParticipants in the first ISEE/CICR workshop “Ionospheric
Plasma Bubble Seeding and Development”.

9-2. Research Centers

Main Achievements in FY2016
In the FY2016, the CICR conducted the following international
collaborative research programs: 01) Joint Research Program (International,
23 projects), 02) ISEE International Joint Research Program to invite six
foreign researchers, and 03) three ISEE/CICR International Workshops, aswell as inviting eight foreign designated professors and associate professors.
The ISEE/CICR International Workshop is aimed at creating comprehensive
discussions on a focused topic with 10–15 attendees over one week, and atsummarizing the results into international journal papers and/or books.
For the SCOSTEP/VarSITI program, we published four VarSITI
newsletters in FY2016, in April, July, November and February. We alsoorganized the 1st VarSITI General Symposium in Albena, Bulgaria, on
June 6–10, 2016; additionally, we continue to operate the VarSITI mailinglist and support the review of 16 international symposiums and four
database constructions related to VarSITI.
Under the ICCON Project, 30 scientists from the US, UK, China,
Korea, Russia, Germany, and Japan joined the operation of the NoRH. The

VarSITI Newsletter vol. 11 (Nov. 2016).

data are openly available at the NAOJ and the Center for Integrated Data
Science (CIDAS)/ISEE. The EISCAT Radar Project joined the operation of the EISCAT radar and the planning of the
new EISCAT-3D radar. The new PWING Project was approved by JSPS in FY2016 in relation to the OMTIs, ISEE
magnetometer and ELF/VLF network Projects, and eight ground stations at subauroral latitudes around the northmagnetic pole were newly deployed. SATREPS/JST-JICA finished deploying seven lidars in South America to monitor
volcanic ash in the atmosphere.
The four domestic observatories continued to operate in FY2016. The visible spectrometer and Fourier transform
infrared spectrometer (FTIR) at Moshiri Observatory were moved to Nagoya; however, other electromagnetic
instruments were kept running. Rikubetsu Observatory operates several spectrometers for comprehensive measurementsof ozone and other minor constituents in the atmosphere, all-sky imagers and photometers for aurora and airglow, andSuperDARN Hokkaido radars for ionosphericdisturbances. A new ELF atmospherics receiver(induction coil) was also installed. Multi-station
IPS

observations

using

Fuji,

Kiso,

and

Toyokawa antennas were constructed at Fuji
and other solar wind observatories on a daily
basis during the period between March 31 andDecember 9, 2016 (IPS observations at
Toyokawa

were

made

throughout2016).

Various observations that utilize the regional
characteristics at these observatories were also
performed in collaboration with domestic
researchers. Kagoshima Observatory and Sata
Stationalso

operateinstrumentsforelectromagnetic waves and an all-sky camera
UHF radio-telescope dedicated for IPS observations at Fuji
Observatory.

and a photometer for airglow.

Institute for Space-Earth Environmental Research539-2. Research Centers

Research Centers9-2. Center for Integrated Data Science (CIDAS)
Research topics and keywords
 Hinode Science Center ERG Science Center Research and development of advanced simulations(SUSANOO, CReSS, Monte Carlo simulations forhigh-precision age calculations, etc.)
 Construction of various databases (IUGONET,WDS-CR, etc.)
 Operation of CIDAS supercomputer system
 Membership activity of HPCI consortium

Introduction to CIDAS
The aim of the Center for Integrated Data Science (CIDAS) was to construct infrastructure and conduct research anddevelopment to realize cutting-edge scientific study of the space–Earth environmental system through integrated analyses
using various kinds of observational data and advanced computer simulations. CIDAS operates many projects incooperation with the research divisions and the centers of the ISEE, as well as other universities and institutes.

Science centers for space missions: Hinode and ERG
The Hinode Science Center is operated as a joint project with the NAOJ and developed the database and analyticalenvironment for the data provided by the Japanese solar observation satellite Hinode. In addition, ERG Science Center
operates as a joint research center in cooperation with the Institute of Space and Astronautical Science/Japan
Aerospace Exploration Agency (ISAS/JAXA), which releases the data from ERG (Arase) and develops the data
analysis software.

Cooperative research program for database construction and supercomputing
CIDAS produces various databases for space–Earth environmental research and provides supercomputing facilities
in collaboration with the Information Technology Center (ITC) of Nagoya University and other universities andinstitutes. CIDAS has also joined the inter-university network project (Inter-university Upper atmosphere Global
Observation NETwork: IUGONET) with Tohoku University, the NIPR, Kyoto University, Kyushu University, andNagoya University to develop a metadata server and data analysis software. CIDAS is in charge of activities in the
ISEE as a member of the High-Performance Computing Infrastructure Consortium (HPCI) in Japan.

Research and development of advanced simulations
CIDAS plays a leading role in research and development of the following advanced computer simulation models:Space Weather Forecast Usable System Anchored by Numerical Operations and Observations (SUSANOO), the Cloud
Resolving Storm Simulator (CReSS), and Monte Carlo simulations for accurate Th-U-Pb dating.

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Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research9-2. Research Centers

Main Achievements in FY2016
Development of ERG (Arase) data analysis tools
The data files of the ERG (Arase) satellite have been distributed from the ERG Science Center operated by both the
ISEE and ISAS/JAXA. The ERG Science Center develops CDF files for ERG (Arase) science data as well as several plug-in
tools for IDL/SPEDAS, a common data analysis platform in the solar–terrestrial physics community. CIDAS has also
launched the CIDAS system, a computer resource for using IDL/SPEDAS, and researchers can use IDL/SPEDAS via aninternet connection to the CIDAS system.

Development of a solar active region non-linear force-field model
Solar flares and coronal mass ejections are explosive phenomena in which magnetic free energy stored in themagnetic field in the solar corona above active regions is transiently released. Because of the difficulty of direct
observation of the coronal magnetic field, this needs to be extrapolated on the basis of observations of the magnetic fieldon the photosphere using a magnetic field model. A non-linear force-free field (NLFFF) model can extrapolate thethree-dimensional magnetic field from the photospheric magnetic field data. We have developed software to calculate the
NLFFF on the CIDAS supercomputer system, in which the IDL and SolarSoft library are available. The programs wereused in the coordinated data analysis workshop on solar flares held at the ISEE in November 2016.

We have developed the STP database based on a new practical structure, rather than a conventional catalog typedatabase. The new concept provides one-stop access for finding, understanding and examining data using only a web
browser. We also develop and maintain analysis software to support high-level research. In addition, we organize many
data analysis workshops in collaboration with VarSITI, WDS, and related research communities. Development anddelivery of workshops for capacity building in developing countries is also a key role of IUGONET.

Development of a Cloud Resolving Storm Simulator and downscaling experiments on typhoons
Typhoons are the main source of weather disasters in East Asia including
Japan, and recent studies have shown significant increases in typhoon intensity.
This raises great concerns regarding any future changes in typhoon activity withclimate change. We have developed a cloud-resolving model named CReSS, andimprovements have been implemented. CReSS was used to perform
high-resolution downscaling experiments of northward-moving typhoons in thenear future climate and in the warmer climate of the late 21st Century (see Figure).
The results showed intensities, tracks and structures of typhoons under eachclimate. The data will form part of the open access dataset at CIDAS. The Earth
Simulator was used in this study as a “Strategic Project with Special Support”,
with Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC).

Simulated very large typhoon striking
Japan like the typhoon Vera (1959) inthe late 21st century.

Construction and operation of the CIDAS super computer system
A new supercomputer system for integrated data analysis (the CIDAS supercomputer system) was installed in April
2016. The system consists of 20 compute nodes, and each compute node has two Intel Xeon E5-2660 v3 CPUs and 256
GB memory. In the FY2016, a total of 80 researchers/students were registered as users of the CIDAS supercomputer
system, and data analyses related to the Hinode Science Center and the ERG Science Center were conducted.

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9-2. Research Centers

Research Centers9-2. Center for Orbital and Suborbital Observations (COSO)
Research topics and keywords
 Establishment of a central base for aircraft observations
 Implementation of aircraft observations
 Development of CO2 measurements with balloons
 Promotion of the ERG (Arase) mission
 Observation of polar ionosphere/magnetosphere byformation flight satellites
 Development of ChubuSat and promotion of its
applications
 Climate systems research at a virtual laboratory (VL)
under the collaboration of four universities

Introduction to COSO
The mission of COSO is to perform empirical and advanced research using observations by aircraft, balloons,sounding rockets, and spacecraft, and to lead technological developments through collaborations between industry,
academia, and government. COSO plays a key role in aircraft observations in Japan, promoting aircraft Earth observation
systems and future space exploration missions. We aim to advance observation capabilities for future orbital andsuborbital observations. The Hydrospheric Atmospheric Research Laboratory in COSO contributes aircraft/balloon
observations and satellite observations via two X- and Ka-band radars, together with observational and numerical modelstudies related to the VL.

Main Achievements in FY2016
Aircraft observations
COSO commenced research to improve typhoon intensity prediction by assimilating aircraft observations of theatmospheric field around a typhoon with a cloud resolving numerical model. The drop sonde receiver for this observation
was installed on an aircraft, and aircraft observation will be carried out for four years, from 2017. Aircraft observation of
hygroscopic particles over the UAE is scheduled for the summer of 2017 as part of the “Advanced Research on
Precipitation Reinforcement in Dry/Semi-arid Regions”. Ground observations started in January 2017. To establish
central bases for aircraft observations, we proposed the “Promotion of Climate and Earth System Science Research byaircraft observation” in collaboration with the Japan Meteorological Society in the Master Plan 2017 of the Science
Council of Japan.

Atmospheric and aerosol observations by small aircraft (drone, balloon)
We are attempting to measure particle size distributions using an optical particle counter(OPC) loaded on a large-sized drone (multicopter). To investigate the effect of sea salt
particles on cloud formation, we performed flight observations at Nagoya Port and at Tarama
Island in Okinawa. Figure shows a photograph of the drone flight experiments with the OPC
instrument hanging from the drone. To avoid air turbulence from the drone propellers, theOPC was suspended 10 m below the drone fuselage. Analysis of the particle size distributions
obtained in the flight experiments indicated that the relative concentrations of coarse-size
particles decreased with increasing altitude.

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Flight experiment with adrone and an OPC.

9-2. Research Centers

Development of a space plasma particle analyzer at geospace exploration satellite planning; ERG(Arase)COSO contributes to the development of the space plasma particle analyzer installed on ERG (Arase) satelliteby constructing the ion/electron beam line. The calibration experiments and tests of three analyzers were carried out
in the clean room facility.

Promotion of the Earth electromagnetic thermosphere exploration plan by polar orbital formation flightsatellites
We plan to conduct state-of-the-art measurements with high temporal and spatial resolution, and conduct
integrated observations of auroral emissions, Earth’s atmospheric particles, space plasma particles/waves, andelectromagnetic fields using multiple exploration satellites. We have implemented mission-planning studies, suchas significance/purpose, observation method and instrumental configuration as well as the feasibility of a cluster
launch of multiple satellites by the Epsilon rocket.
Study and development of a compact satellite standard bus for application to the space science
exploration mission
We have commenced study of the standard bus of a 100 kg class compact satellite that can be applied tofuture space science exploration. We conducted a feasibility study of the satellite by assuming observational
instruments in terms of power, weight and thermal design.
Solar and Earth observation mission by micro-satellites
We are developing the ChubuSat-Z (50-kg class micro-satellite), which observes ozone using an infrared
camera with multiple-band filters. The infrared band enables ozone observations during the night, which isessential for ozone observations of the polar region throughout winter. We have proposed a piggy-backopportunity, launching with GOSAT-2 in 2018. We are also developing a gamma-ray and neutron instrumentthat is suitable for nano-satellites, and will have more launch opportunities. The new instrument will be smaller
and less power-consuming than the one onboard ChubuSat-2, launched in FY2015. This facilitates the use of
more electronic channels with less power by employing new integrated circuits with 1/20th of the power per
channel. With more electronic channels, we can expect a twofold increase in the spatial and energy resolutions.
We completed the basic design of the instrument in FY2016 and have started to procure components for a
prototype.
Promotion of Earth observation satellite observation
The future precipitation observation mission was studied in cooperation with JAXA. The third-generation
dataset of thermal, momentum and freshwater flux between the atmosphere and the ocean in the global region, JOFURO 3, was developed and released. We conducted research on Earth observation technology using GNSS
ocean-reflected waves with small satellites, such as NASA’s Cyclone Global Navigation Satellite System(CYGNSS).

Institute for Space-Earth Environmental Research579-3. Interdisciplinary Researches

9-3. Interdisciplinary Researches

Project for Solar–Terrestrial Climate Research

Introduction to Project for Solar–Terrestrial Climate Research
Do variations in solar activity influence our weather and climate? Researchers specializing in such fields as
astronomy, solar physics, meteorology, climatology, paleoclimatology, and oceanography have grappled with this question
for the past two hundred years or more. Two thousand years ago, astronomers of the Chinese imperial court chronicledsunspot activity for the purpose of studying variations in solar activity. In 1801 the British astronomer William Herscheldiscovered a significant correlation between the frequency of sunspot appearance and the market value of wheat in
London and reported his findings in a paper published by the Royal Society. In the paper, he concluded that a reductionin the number of sunspots effected a change in climate that altered wheat yields and influenced the price of wheat as aresult. This study is considered as the first attempt to examine correlations between the Sun, climate, and society(human life). Even now, correctly identifying the characteristic variations of solar activity and investigating their effects
on climate change and modern society remain important research topics in academics and society.
Solar activity varies over an 11-year cycle and is also known to exhibit variability in periods ranging from decades tothousands of years. Through observations using satellites, we know that solar irradiance varies about 0.1% over anapproximate 11-year cycle of solar variability. Theoretical calculations indicate that a 0.1% increase in solar irradiance
raises the global temperature only about 0.05°C on average. From the correlations between observed temperatures ofseawater at the ocean surface and past solar activity indicators and climate change indicators, it is evident that, along withvariations in solar activity over an approximate 11-year cycle, atmospheric temperature fluctuates at an amplitude about
twice that estimated from theoretical values. More research will be needed to find a scientific explanation for this reality.
There is much evidence indicating that at least the Atlantic Ocean and surrounding areas, including Europe and North
America, experienced significantly colder temperatures during the Maunder Minimum (a 70-year period from 1645 to 1715) inwhich very few sunspots were observed and solar activity appeared nearly stagnant. Historical records show that New York
Harbor froze over in the winter of 1780, enabling people to walk from Manhattan to Staten Island, and that sea ice surrounding
Iceland extended for miles, closing the harbors and dealing a blow to the fishing industry and trade over a long period of time.
While it is premature to conclude that a quieting of solar activity leads to a period of cooling, many researchers are of the opinion
that variations in solar activity influence medium-to-long-term climate change. However, to obtain conclusive evidence it will benecessary to quantitatively reconstruct climate change and to continue accumulating data on annual variations in solar activity.
Radiocarbon (14C) and Beryllium-10 (10Be), known as cosmogenic isotopes, are produced at a rate that varies according
to the intensity of incoming cosmic ray to Earth, which in turn are influenced by solar activity. Analyzing 14C in tree rings and
Be in ice cores is an effective way to study long-term variations in solar activity going back tens of thousands of years. Such

10

analyses of 14C and 10Be have suggested the possibility that episodes of declining solar activity resembling the Maunder
Minimum may have occurred repeatedly a total of twelve
times throughout the Holocene, which spans the past ten
thousand years. Comparing cosmogenic isotopes against
paleoclimate data could dramatically help us understandsolar-driven climate change on a long time scale.
No sunspots were observed in the period from March 7
to March 20, 2017. The cycle length of solar magnetic
activity corresponding to the sunspot cycle is estimated atabout 14 years during the Maunder Minimum. The
projected sunspot cycle in Solar Cycle 24, which began in
2008, has grown to about 13 years, similar to the cycle
length in the Maunder Minimum. This indicates that wemay be entering a period of low solar activity, leading some

58

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research

Project scheme for Solar–Terrestrial Climate Research.

9-3. Interdisciplinary Researches

to predict that cooling on a global scale could occur in the near future. In order to offer a qualified opinion on the likelihood of
this prediction, we must examine diverse viewpoints on how solar activity affects climate.
We have accumulated evidence over the past quarter century that will be effective for studying the mechanisms bywhich variations in solar activity affect climate and human society. The interdisciplinary Project for Solar–Terrestrial
Climate Research at ISEE integrates the latest knowledge in solar physics, meteorology, climatology, environmental
studies, paleoclimatology, space physics, and cosmic ray physics with the aim of better understanding variability insolar activity, fostering an understanding of solar-driven Earth systems, and contributing to predictions of future global
environments. Currently researchers from Japan and overseas with diverse areas of expertise are conducting joint
research in close collaboration, with a focus on the following research topics.

Experimental and Empirical Studies on the Short- and Long-Term Climate Response Driven by
Variations in Solar Activity
 Observing compounds (nitrogen oxides, hydroxides, etc.) produced by high-energy charged particles showering the
Earth’s atmosphere from space due to the occurrence of solar flares and auroras, and experimentally verifying
mechanisms of their generation
 Reconstructing past variations in solar activity in detail based on analytic data of cosmogenic isotopes and assessing
their effect on past climate changes.

Theoretical Research on the Characteristics and Mechanisms of Solar Activity Variability
 Clarifying the effects of solar radiation, high-energy charged particles, and cosmic rays related to solar activity on
climate using Earth system models
 Clarifying mechanisms of variations in sunspot number by comparing computer simulations with various observation data Recreating past changes in total solar irradiance and spectral solar irradiance, which are closely related to climatechange, and predicting future solar activity

Main Achievements in FY2016
Four international collaborative research projects and eleven general collaborative research projects related to theimpact of solar activity on climate were conducted in the 2016 academic year. The following are the primary activities andfindings of this research.
In the international collaborative research project “Potentialities of Permafrost Usage for Paleo-Environmental
Reconstruction” (representative: Go Iwahana, University of Alaska), collection of permafrost samples in the northern region of
Alaska and preliminary analyses were conducted, yielding valid information for investigating past climate change frompermafrost. This preliminary research has potential to be expanded into a new study aimed at investigating past climate change
in detail using permafrost. In the “Observation of Cosmogenic Nuclides at High, Mid, Low Latitude Sites during the 24th Solar
Cycle” project (representative: Fuyuki Tokanai, Yamagata University), detailed studies were conducted on the relationshipbetween the number of sunspots and concentration of the cosmogenic isotope 7Be in the atmosphere at mid-to-high latitudes in
the northern hemisphere, and the relationship between 7Be concentration and 210Pb concentration (originating in the ground) in
the air above Bangkok. Carbon-14 dating was also conducted on tree rings of trees existing on Mt. Kinpu during the super solar
flare that occurred in 1859 called the Carrington event. The findings from these studies are new knowledge that promotes
understanding of year-to-year changes in past cosmogenic isotope, which are closely tied to solar activity.
The general collaborative research projects include remote observations of photochemical oxidant-related
substances; empirical research in combination with technological development, such as flux observations and isotope
analyses of greenhouse gases; and research on interpreting climatic signals recorded in tree rings and paleoclimate change.
Compilation of these research findings from these studies is anticipated to be completed next academic year or later.

Institute for Space-Earth Environmental Research599-3. Interdisciplinary Researches

9-3. Interdisciplinary Researches

Project for Space–Earth Environment Prediction

Introduction to Project for Space–Earth Environment Prediction
Over the past 50 years, space exploration has expanded rapidly and has now gone past the edge of the heliosphere.
Consequently, it is known that solar activity and the dynamics of the space environment can significantly impact humansocio-economic systems as well as the global environment. For example, the giant solar flare observed by the British
astronomer Richard Carrington in 1859, called the Carrington Event, caused powerful magnetic storms. If such an event
occurred in the modern era, power, satellite, aviation, and communication networks could possibly be damaged, on a
global scale. Moreover, analyses of the latest stellar observations and of cosmogenic isotopes in tree rings suggest thepossibility of even larger solar flares. However, the mechanisms of the onset of solar flares and their subsequent processes
have not yet been fully explained. Thus, modern society is at a risk from severe space-weather disturbances, caused byjust such solar explosions, and understanding and predicting variations in the space–Earth environment is both a scientificsubject and a crucial issue for modern society. Furthermore, because the accurate prediction of complex phenomena is acommon problem in science, this is also a crucial subject for various scientific disciplines. The Project for Space–EarthEnvironmental Prediction is a new joint research project aimed at synergistically developing our predictive capability forthe space–Earth environment through the cooperation and interaction of solar physics, geomagnetism and space sciences,meteorology, climatology, space engineering, and other related fields. This project addresses the various issues shown in
the figure below, based on ISEE Collaborative Research Programs and the support of a Grant-in-Aid for Scientific
Research on Innovative Areas from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT)/Japan“Project for Solar-Terrestrial Environment Prediction (PSTEP)”.

The objectives and subjects of the Project for Space–Earth Environmental Prediction.

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Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research9-3. Interdisciplinary Researches

Main Achievements in FY2016
International Symposium PSTEP-2 "Toward Solar-Terrestrial Environment Prediction as Science andSocial Infrastructure"
The 2nd PSTEP International Symposium (PSTEP-2)“Toward Solar-Terrestrial Environment Prediction as
Science and Social Infrastructure” was held at the seminarhouse of the Graduate School of Science, Kyoto
University from March 23 to March 24, 2017. Thisconference

followed

theInternational

Symposium

PSTEP-1 held at Nagoya University in January, 2016.
Eighty-four scientists participated in this symposium,including 11 world-leading researchers invited from

Participants of International Symposium PSTEP-2.

Europe, the United States, Australia and East Asia. The

following keynote talks were presented: “The economic impact of extreme space weather: Exploratory evidence” by
Edward Ougton (University of Cambridge), “Understanding the mechanism of solar eruptions” by Bernhard Kliem(University of Potsdam & Nagoya University), “Exploration of energization and radiation in geospace ERG (Arase)
mission” by Yoshizumi Miyosi (Nagoya University), and “Influence of the 11-year solar cycle on climate” by Lesley Gray
(University of Oxford). In addition, 12 invited lectures, 20 contributed talks, and 22 poster presentations were held.

PSTEP science meeting “Perspectives of Modeling Research for Solar-Terrestrial Environment
Prediction”
The PSTEP science meeting “Perspectives of Model
Research for Solar-Terrestrial Environment Prediction” was held at
ISEE, Nagoya University, from January 26 to January 27, 2017, in
co-operation with the PSTEP, which is supported by a Grant-in-Aid
for Scientific Research on Innovative Areas from MEXT/Japan. In
this workshop, we discussed various numerical models forpredicting phenomena in the solar–terrestrial environment
consisting of the Sun, solar wind, and the Earth’s magnetosphere,
ionosphere, and atmosphere. A total of 72 researchers from various
related fields participated. We conducted lectures and discussions
on physics-based modeling for prediction.

Science Meeting “Perspectives of ModelingResearch
forSolar-Terrestrial
Environment
Prediction at ISEE, Nagoya University.

Research and development for new prediction of solar activity
We have developed new research to predict solar flares and solar cycle activity. While solar flare predictions havemainly been performed using empirical methods thus far, ISEE is promoting research to numerically predict theprobability of solar flares using the magnetoydrodynamics simulations with observation data of the solar surface
magnetic field. In addition, ISEE is developing the next solar cycle prediction by using the flux-transport model. The
results suggest that the next cycle may be weakened by about several tens of percent compared to the current cycle.

Institute for Space-Earth Environmental Research619-3. Interdisciplinary Researches

Researches
9-3. Interdisciplinary
Project for the Interaction of Neutral and Plasma Atmospheres
Introduction to Project for the Interaction of Neutral and Plasma Atmospheres
The Earth’s atmosphere is partly ionized because of solar ultraviolet emissions, forming the ionosphere. Ionosphericplasma affects human activities in space such as radio communications and GPS positioning. The consequences ofclimate change appear significantly in the upper atmosphere and ionosphere. As shown in the figure below,
neutral-plasma interaction processes in the upper atmosphere and ionosphere can be observed as various phenomena
occurring from high to low latitudes. The aurora in the polar region is caused by precipitation of high-energy plasma,
which heats the upper atmosphere, and generates atmospheric waves and disturbances that propagate toward low latitudes.
On the other hand, ionospheric plasma instability, known as plasma bubbles, occurs in the equatorial upper atmosphere,causing interference with satellite-ground communications and GPS positioning. These phenomena can be measured byvarious ground-based remote-sensing instruments, such as airglow imagers, magnetometers, radars and lidars, andmillimeter wave telescopes. This interdisciplinary project investigates the interaction of neutral and plasma componentsof the Earth’s atmosphere using various ground remote sensing techniques and in situ satellite measurements, as well as
global and regional high-resolution modeling of the neutral-plasma interaction, and contributes to the reliable use of spaceby humans.

大気プラズマ結合過程研究プロジェクトの研究領域。

Research topics of the project for the interaction of neutral and plasma atmospheres.

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Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research9-3. Interdisciplinary Researches

Main Achievements in FY2016
In FY2016, we operated 11 international collaborative
studies, eight domestic collaborative projects, and 18 meetings
under ISEE. Various scientific results have been obtained
through these collaborative projects.
For the polar disturbances, the pulsating auroral patches
were investigated in detail using a FPI, an all-sky camera, an
EISCAT radar, a riometer, and satellite wave/particle
instruments. We found that the patches developed whenmagnetospheric chorus waves occur, and electrons withenergies of more than a few hundred electronvolts (eVs)
precipitate into the patches. The patches have an electron
density gradient that can create localized thermospheric wind

Pulsating auroral patches observed in the polar
region (March 21, 2017, Husafell, Iceland).

around the patches.
We also suggested that propagation of chorus waves to higher latitudes makes interaction between these waves andbroad-energy electrons from keV to MeV possible. This suggestion, based on computer simulation, implies that thepulsating aurora and the microburst of high-energy electrons may be the same phenomenon. We further investigated theeffect of these high-energy electrons on the middle atmosphere with scientists in Finland and suggested, based on themodel calculations, that they can cause increases in HOx and NOx and decreases in ozone at altitudes of 70–80 km. In
FY2016, we also succeeded in measuring middle-atmosphere ozone at Tromsø, Norway, using a newly-developed
millimeter-wave spectrometer. Observations of pulsating auroral patches by multi-point high-speed EMCCD cameras
have also commenced in northern Scandinavia.
The new scientific satellite ERG (Arase) was launched by
ISAS/JAXA in December 2016, to investigate these wave-particle
interactions between high-energy electrons and ions in the innermagnetosphere. We have carried out the first ERG (Arase)-groundcampaign observation in March–April 2017, and campaign data analysis
is ongoing.
At middle and low latitudes, we have succeeded in obtaining
simultaneous measurements of field-aligned irregularities (FAIs) by
the Equatorial Atmosphere Radar (EAR) and thermospheric wind andtemperatures using a FPI. This measurement indicates that themidnight temperature maximum can contribute to the generation of
post-midnight plasma bubbles through a RTI. We currently operate
five FPIs in Norway, Japan, Thailand, Indonesia, and Australia. The
FPI is unique since it is the only instrument that can monitor winds andtemperatures in the thermosphere at altitudes of 200–300 km from theground through the Doppler shift and the spectrum width, respectively,of airglow emissions. We compared the measured temperatures withthose obtained from the MSIS and GAIA models to evaluate thesemodels.

Thermospheric temperatures obtained byfour FPIs at four stations from the polar
region to the equator over 3–4 years, andcomparison with temperatures of the
MSIS/GAIA models.

Institute for Space-Earth Environmental Research639-3. Interdisciplinary Researches

Interdisciplinary Researches

9-3. Project for Aerosol and Cloud Formation
Introduction to Project for Aerosol and Cloud Formation
Hydrometeors and aerosols closely interact with each other in their generation and dissipation, and play importantroles in atmospheric water circulation, formation of convective clouds and typhoons as well as in the Earth radiationbudget. They are, however, some of the most unknown quantities in the atmosphere. So far, hydrometeors andcloud-precipitation systems have been studied in the Hydrospheric Atmospheric Research Center, whereas aerosols andrelated processes have been studied in the Solar-Terrestrial Environmental Laboratory. In the joint research program,
researchers from both centers will cooperate to study the interaction between aerosols and hydrometeors, their variationsin the formation of precipitation, and cloud-aerosol-radiation interactions by field observations and numerical simulations.
On the basis of field observations, the numerical model will be improved for quantitative simulation of cloud and aerosol
processes. In cooperation with the Center for Orbital and Suborbital Observations, we will conduct in situ observations of
typhoons using an aircraft, balloons, and drones. This research will improve the cloud-resolving model (CReSS), and theimpact of aerosols on typhoon clouds will be studied.

Upper:
Lower:

64

A mesoscale convective system and hydrometeors simulated by the CReSS model.
The superimposed images show hydrometeors expected to be present in the convective system. Balloon
observation of typhoon clouds. Launching balloon (left) and observed hydrometeors (right).

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research9-3. Interdisciplinary Researches

Main Achievements in FY2016
1. Drone observation of sea spray particles
Sea sprays are sources of water vapor and aerosols in the atmosphere. They could influence development of
convective clouds. As a result, the structure and intensity of a typhoon will be affected by the amount of sea sprayparticles. The size distribution and number density are necessary for modeling sea spray particles. We conducted drone
observation of sea spray particles in August 2016 at Tarama Island, Okinawa. The cloud particle sonde was lifted by thedrone to 2 m above sea level and sea spray particles observed. Although the observation was made under weak windconditions, sea spray particles were successfully observed.

The drone used in the observation (left panel) and the lifted sonde (right panel).

２. Super-Droplet Method with CReSS and impact experiments of aerosols on warm rain
The Super-Droplet Method (SDM) developed by Professor Shima of the University of Hyogo was coupled with
the CReSS model and aerosol impact experiments were performed for warm rain. A significant difference was found incloud and precipitation amounts according to the amount of aerosol. The maximum rainfall intensity reached more than
80 mm h-1 under a low aerosol density.

Results with high aerosol density (left column) and low density (right column). The upper panels are vertical crosssections of rain from the surface to 3 km in height and the lower panels are clouds.

Institute for Space-Earth Environmental Research6510. Publications and Presentations

10. Publications and Presentations
Papers (in refereed Journals, April 2016–March 2017)
Abbott, B. P., R. Abbott, T. D. Abbott, M. R. Abernathy, F. Acernese, K. Ackley, C. Adams, T. Adams, P. Addesso,
R. X. Adhikari et al. (H. Tajima, F. Abe), Localization and broadband follow-up of the gravitational-wave
transient GW150914. Astrophys. J. Lett., 826(1), L13, Jul. 20, 2016 (10.3847/2041-8205/826/1/L13).
Abbott, B. P., R. Abbott, T. D. Abbott, M. R. Abernathy, F. Acernese, K. Ackley, C. Adams, T. Adams, P. Addesso,
R. X. Adhikari et al. (H. Tajima, F. Abe), Supplement: “Localization and broadband follow-up of thegravitational-wave transient GW150914” (2016, ApJL, 826, L13). Astrophys. J. Supplement Series, 225(1), 8, Jul.
20, 2016 (10.3847/0067-0049/225/1/8).
Abdollahi, S., M. Ackermann, M. Ajello, A. Albert, W. B. Atwood, L. Baldini, G. Barbiellini, R. Bellazzini, E. Bissaldi,
E. D. Bloom et al. (H. Tajima), Search for cosmic-ray electron and positron anisotropies with seven years of Fermi
Large Area Telescope Data. Phys. Rev. Lett., 118(9), 091103, Mar. 3, 2017 (10.1103/PhysRevLett.118.091103).
Abe, K., K. Hiraide, K. Ichimura, Y. Kishimoto, K. Kobayashi, M. Kobayashi, S. Moriyama, K. Nakagawa, M. Nakahata,
T. Norita et al. (Y. Itow, R. Kegasa, K. Kobayashi, K. Masuda, H. Takiya, H. Uchida), Detectability ofgalactic supernova neutrinos coherently scattered on xenon nuclei in XMASS. Astropart. Phys., 89, 51–56, Mar.
2017 (10.1016/j.astropartphys.2017.01.006).
Abe, K., Y. Haga, Y. Hayato, M. Ikeda, K. Iyogi, J. Kameda, Y. Kishimoto, M. Miura, S. Moriyama, M. Nakahata et al.
(K. Choi, Y. Itow, T. Suzuki), Search for proton decay via p→e+π0 and p→μ+π0 in 0.31 megaton・years
exposure of the Super-Kamiokande water Cherenkov detector. Phys. Rev. D, 95(1), 012004, Jan. 06, 2017(10.1103/PhysRevD.95.012004).
Abe, K., K. Hiraide, K. Ichimura, Y. Kishimoto, K. Kobayashi, M. Kobayashi, S. Moriyama, K. Nakagawa, M. Nakahata,
T. Norita et al. (Y. Itow, R. Kegasa, K. Kobayashi, K. Masuda, H. Takiya, H. Uchida), Search for two-neutrino
double electron capture on Xe-124 with the XMASS-I detector. Phys. Lett. B, 759, 64–68, Aug, 2016(10.1016/j.physletb.2016.05.039).
Abe, K., Y. Haga, Y. Hayato, M. Ikeda, K. Iyogi, J. Kameda, Y. Kishimoto, M. Miura, S. Moriyama, M. Nakahata et al.
(K. Choi, Y. Itow, G. Mitsuka), Real-time supernova neutrino burst monitor at Super-Kamiokande. Astropar.
Phys., 81, 39–48, Aug. 1, 2017 (10.1016/j.astropartphys.2016.04.003).
Abe, K., K. Hiraide, K. Ichimura, Y. Kishimoto, K. Kobayashi, M. Kobayashi, S. Moriyama, M. Nakahata, T. Norita,
H. Ogawa et al. (Y. Itow, R. Kegasa, K. Kobayashi, K. Masuda, H. Takiya), Direct dark matter search by annual
modulation in XMASS-I. Phys. Lett., B, 759, 272–276, Aug. 10, 2016 (10.1016/j.physletb.2016.05.081).
Abe, K., K. Haga, Y. Hayato, M. Ikeda, K. Iyogi, J. Kameda, Y. Kishimoto, M. Miura, S. Moriyama, M. Nakahata et al.
(Y. Itow, T. Suzuki), Search for neutrinos in Super-Kamiokande associated with gravitational-wave events
GW150914 and GW151226. Astrophysi. J. Lett., 830(1), L11, Oct. 06, 2016 (10.3847/2041-8205/830/1/L11).
Acero, F., M. Ackermann, M. Ajello, L. Baldini, J. Ballet, G. Barbiellini, D. Bastieri, R. Bellazzini, E. Bissaldi,
R. D. Blandford et al. (H. Tajima), The first Fermi LAT supernova remnant catalog. Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser.,
224(1), 8, May 16, 2016 (10.3847/0067-0049/224/1/8).
Acero, F., M. Ackermann, M. Ajello, A. Albert, L. Baldini, J. Ballet, G. Barbiellini, D. Bastieri, R. Bellazzini, E. Bissaldi et al.
(H. Tajima), Development of the model of Galactic Interstellar Emission for Standard Point-Source Analysis of
Fermi

Large

Area

Telescope

Data.

Astrophys.

(0.3847/0067-0049/223/2/26).

66

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental ResearchJ.

Suppl.

Ser.,

223(2),

26,

Apr.

22,

2016

10. Publications and Presentations

Ackermann, M., M. Ajello, A. Albert, B. Anderson, M. Arimoto, W. B. Atwood, M. Axelsson, L. Baldini, J. Ballet et al.
(H. Tajima), Fermi-LAT Observations of the LIGO Event GW150914. Astrophys. J. Lett., 823(1), L2, May 20,
2016 (10.3847/2041-8205/823/1/L2).
Ackermann, M., A. Allafort, L. Baldini, G. Barbiellini, D. Bastieri, R. Bellazzini, E. Bissaldi, R. Bonino, E. Bottacini,
J. Bregeon et al. (H. Tajima), Fermi-LAT observations of high-energy behind-the-limb solar flares. Astrophys. J.,
835(2), 219, Fab. 1, 2017 (10.3847/1538-4357/835/2/219).
Adriani, O., E. Berti, L. Bonechi, M. Bongi, R. D’Alessandro, M. Del Prete, M. Haguenauer, Y. Itow, T. Iwata, K. Kasahara,
K. Kawade, Y. Makino, K. Masuda, E. Matsubayashi, H. Menjo, G. Mitsuka, Y. Muraki, P. Papini, A.-L. Perrot,
S. Ricciarini, T. Sako, N. Sakurai, T. Suzuki, T. Tamura, A. Tiberio, S. Torii, A. Tricomi, W. C. Turner, M. Ueno,
and Q. D. Zhou, (LHCf Collaboration), Measurements of longitudinal and transverse momentum distributions forneutral pions in the forward-rapidity region with the LHCf detector. Phys. Rev. D, 94(3), 032007, Aug. 22, 2016(10.1103/PhysRevD.94.032007).
Aharonian, F. A., H. Akamatsu, F. Akimoto, S. W. Allen, L. Angelini, K. A. Arnaud, M. Audard, H. Awaki, M. Axelsson,
A. Bamba et al (H. Tajima), Hitomi constraints on the 3.5 keV line in the Perseus galaxy cluster. Astrophys. J.
Lett., 837(1), L15, Mar. 1, 2017 (10.3847/2041-8213/aa61fa).
Aharonian, F., H. Akamatsu, F. Akimoto, S. W. Allen, N. Anabuki, L. Angelini, K. Arnaud, M. Audard, H. Awaki, M. Axelsson
et al. (H. Tajima), The quiescent intracluster medium in the core of the Perseus cluster. Nature, 535, 117–121, Jul.
7, 2016 (10.1038/nature18627).
Aiki, H., R. J. Greatbatch, and M. Clau, Towards a seamlessly diagnosable expression for the energy flux associated with both
equatorial and mid-latitude waves. Prog. Earth. Planet. Sci., 4, 11, Mar. 31, 2017 (10.1186/s40645-017-0121-1).
Ajith, K. K., S. Tulasi Ram, M. Yamamoto, Y. Otsuka, and K. Niranjan, On the fresh development of equatorial plasma
bubbles around the midnight hours of June solstice. J. Geophys. Res. Space Physics, 121(9), 9051–9062, Sep. 17,
2016 (10.1002/2016JA023024).
Akiba, K., M. Akbiyik, M. Albrow, M. Arneodo, V. Avati, J. Baechler, O. Villalobos Baillie, P. Bartalini, J. Bartels, S. Baur etal. (T. Sako), LHC forward physics. J. Phys. G: Nucl. Part. Phys., 43(11), 110201, Nov. 1, 2016(10.1088/0954-3899/43/11/110201).
Bala, P. R., T. Nakamura, K. Sajeev, and R. Sukumar, High-resolution age-depth chronology from tropical montane
minerotrophic peat in the Sandynallah valley, Western Ghats, southern India: Analytical issues and implications.
Quat. Geochronol., 34, 12–23, Aug. 2016 (10.1016/j.quageo.2016.03.003).
Balan, N., Y. Ebihara, R. Skoug, K. Shiokawa, I. S. Batista, S. Tulasi Ram, Y. Omura, T. Nakamura, and M.-C. Fok, A
scheme for forecasting severe space weather. J. Geophys. Res. Space Physics, 122(3), 2824–2835, Mar. 31, 2017(10.1002/2016JA023853).
Belgaman, H. A., K. Ichiyanagi, M. Tanoue, R. Suwarman, K. Yoshimura, S. Mori, N. Kurita, M. D. Yamanaka, and
F. Syamsudin, 2016: Intraseasonal variability of δ18O of precipitation over the Indonesian Maritime Continent
related to the Madden–Julian Oscillation. SOLA, 12, 192–197, Aug. 3, 2016 (10.2151/sola.2016-039).
Bennett, D. P., S. H. Rhie, A. Udalski, A. Gould, Y. Tsapras, D. Kubas, I. A. Bond, J. Greenhill, A. Cassan, N. J. Rattenbury etal. (F. Abe, Y. Itow, K. Masuda, Y. Matsubara, Y. Muraki, H. Oyokawa), The first circumbinary planet foundby

microlensing:

OGLE-2007-BLG-349L(AB)c.

Astronom.

J.,

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Kanoh, R., T. Shimizu, and S. Imada, Hinode and IRIS observations of the magnetohydrodynamic waves propagating from thephotosphere to the chromosphere in a sunspot. Astrophys. J., 831(1), 24, Nov. 1, 2016 (10.3847/0004-637X/831/1/24).
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78

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research10. Publications and Presentations

Yatagai, A., and S.-I. Oyama, Notes and Correspondence. Thermospheric nocturnal wind climatology observed by
Fabry-Perot interferometers over the Asia-Oceania region. J. Meteorol. Soc. Jpn. Ser. II, 94(6), 525–536, Jan. 10,2017 (10.2151/jmsj. 2016-026).
Yoshida, M., Y. Utsumi, N. Tominaga, T. Morokuma, M. Tanaka, Y. Asakura, K. Matsubayashi, K. Ohta, F. Abe, S. Chimasu
et al., J-GEM follow-up observations of the gravitational wave source GW151226. Publ. Astron. Soc. Japan, 69(1),9, Feb.2017 (10.1093/pasj/psw113).
Zhu, Y., J. Ishizaka, S. C. Tripathy, S. Wang, Y. Mino, T. Matsuno, and D. J. Suggett, Variation of the photosynthetic
electron transfer rate and electron requirement for daily net carbon fixation in Ariake Bay, Japan. J. Oceanogr,.
72(5), 761–776, Oct. 2016 (10.1007/s10872-016-0370-4).
Zou, Y., Y. Nishimura, L. R. Lyons, and K. Shiokawa, Localized polar cap precipitation in associationwith nonstorm time
airglow patches. Geophys. Res. Lett., 44(2), 609–617, Jan. 28, 2017 (10.1002/2016GL071168).
Zou, Y., Y. Nishimura, J. K. Burchill, D. J. Knudsen, L. R. Lyons, K. Shiokawa, S. Buchert, S. Chen, M. J. Nicolls,
J. Ruohoniemi, K. A. McWilliams, and N. Nishitani, Localized field-aligned currents in the polar cap associatedwith airglow patches. J. Geophys. Res. Space Physics, 121(10), 1017–10189, Oct. 2016 (10.1002/2016JA022665).
Zwart, C., N. C. Munksgaarda, N. Kurita, and M. I. Bird, Stable isotopic signature of Australian monsoon controlled byregional convection. Quat. Sci. Rev., 151, 228–235, Nov. 1, 2016 (10.1016/j.quascirev.2016.09.010).
Five more Papers were published in Japanese.

Books (April 2016–March 2017)
Kumagai, T., H. Kanamori, and N. A. Chappell, Tropical forest hydrology. Forest Hydrology: Processes, Management andAssessment, edited by D. M. Amatya, T. M. Williams, L. Bren, and C. de Jong, 308pp, CAB International,
Wallingford, UK, Sep. 2016 (doi:10.1079/9781780646602.0017).
Five more books were published in Japanese.

Publication of Proceedings
Title

Date of Publication

Proceedings of 22th Symposium on Atmospheric Chemistry

Oct. 12, 2016

Proceedings of 21th Workshop on Lidar Observation of AtmosphereFeb. 14, 2017

Meeting on Perspectives in Computational Atmosphere and Ocean Science and 8th OFESInternational Workshop

Mar. 1, 2017

The Nagoya University Bulletin of Chronological Research, vol.1

Mar. 31, 2017

Two more proceedings were published in Japanese.

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research7910. Publications and Presentations

Conference Presentations (April 2016–March 2017)
 International Conferences
Number of
Presentations

Country/
RegionDate

Space Climate 6 Symposium

Levi, Finland

Apr. 4–7, 2016

01

2016 SHIELDS Workshop: Shielding Society from Space
Weather

Santa Fe, New
Mexico, U.S.A.

Apr. 4–8, 20160

The 8th CCMC Community Workshop

Annapolis,
Maryland, U.S.A.

Apr. 11–15, 2016

Van Allen Probes, Science Working Group Meeting

Laurel, Maryland,
U.S.A.

European Geosciences Union General Assembly 2016

Title

Organizers

Staffsand PDs Students

Total

invited

0

1

1

1

0

1

0

0

1

0

1

1

Apr. 13–22, 2016

0

2

0

2

0

Vienna, Austria

Apr. 17–22, 2016

0

3

1

4

0

AMS 32nd Conference on Hurricanes and TropicalMeteorology

San Juan,
Puerto Rico

Apr. 17–22, 2016

0

1

1

2

0

International Conference on Mesoscale Convective System
and High-Impact Weather (ICMCS-XI), BEXCO

Busan, Korea

Apr. 25–28, 2016

1

4

1

5

0

ImPACT International Symposium on InSECT 2016

Nagoya, Japan

Apr. 26–27, 2016

0

1

1

2

1

Space Weather Workshop 2016

Broomfield,
Colorado, U.S.A.

Apr. 26–29, 2016

0

1

0

1

1

QCD at Cosmic Energies VII

Chalkida, Greece

May 16–20, 2016

0

1

0

1

1

International Ocean Vector Wind Science Team Meeting
2016

Sapporo, JapanMay 17–19, 2016

0

1

0

1

0

Theoretical and Observational Approaches to the Solar
Magnetic Field: Achievements and Remaining Problems
Conference in Honor of Prof. Takashi Sakurai’s Career

Tokyo, JapanMay 27, 2016

0

1

0

1

0

Fairbanks, Alaska,
U.S.A.

May 29–Jun. 3,
2016

0

4

0

4

0

Japan-Norway Young Scientists Forum

Tokyo, Japan

Jun. 1, 2016

0

0

1

1

0

Japan-Norway Arctic Science and Innovation Week 2016

Tokyo, Japan

Jun. 2–3, 2016

0

1

0

1

0

9th International Workshop on Aerosol and Cloud Physics

Daegu, Korea

Jun. 2–3, 2016

0

1

0

1

1

1st VarSITI General Symposium

Varna, Bulgaria

Jun. 6–10, 2016

1

5

0

5

2

12th International Workshop on Greenhouse Gas
Measurements from Space (IWGGMS)

Kyoto, Japan

Jun. 7–9, 2016

0

3

1

4

0

6th international HEPPA-SOLARIS workshop

Helsinki, Finland

Jun. 13–17, 2016

0

1

0

1

0

53rd Association for Tropical Biology and Conservation(ATBC) 2016 Annual Meeting

Montpellier, France Jun. 19–23, 2016

0

1

0

1

0

SuperDARN 2016 Workshop

Stockholm,
SwedenJun. 20–23, 2016

0

1

0

1

0

27th Symposium on Plasma Physics and Technology

Prague, Czech

Jun. 20–23, 2016

0

1

0

1

0

GEM Summer Workshop 2016

Santa Fe, New
Mexico, U.S.A.

Jun. 20–24, 2016

0

1

0

1

0

XI. International Conference on Permafrost (ICOP)

Potsdam, Germany Jun. 20–24, 2016

0

1

0

1

0

The 26th Goldschmidt Conference

Yokohama, Japan Jun. 26–Jul. 1, 2016

1

7

2

9

1

18th International Congress on Plasma Physics (ICPP
2016)

Kaohsiung, Taiwan Jun. 26–Jul. 1, 2016

0

1

0

1

1

0

0

1

1

0

IRIS-6: The Chromosphere

International Beacon Satellite Symposium (BSS) 2016

80

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research

Trieste, Italy

Jun. 26–Jul. 1, 2016

10. Publications and Presentations

Number of
Presentations

Country/
RegionDate

European Week of Astronomy and Space Science

Athens, Greece

Jul. 4–8, 2016

0

1

The XXVII International Conference on Neutrino Physics
and Astrophysics ( Neutrino 2016)

London, U.K.

Jul. 4–9, 20160

6th East-Asia School and Workshop on Laboratory, Space,and Astrophysical plasmas (EASW2016)

Tsukuba, Japan

Jul. 11–16, 2016

International Workshop: Dynamics and Interactions of the
Ocean and the Atmosphere

Sendai, Japan

9th International Cloud modeling Workshop

Title

Organizers

Staffsand PDs Students

Total

invited

0

1

0

0

1

1

0

1

1

2

3

1

Jul. 13–15, 2016

0

1

0

1

0

Exeter, U.K.

Jul. 18–22, 2016

0

1

0

1

0

The 2016 Leverhulme Trust International Network Meetingon Waves and TurbulenceCambridge, U.K.

Jul. 13–26, 2016

0

1

0

1

0

The 15th Symposium of Study of the Earth’s Deep Interior(SEDI2016)

Nantes, France

Jul. 25–29, 2016

0

2

0

2

0

17th International Conference on Clouds and Precipitation

Manchester, U.K.

Jul. 25–29, 2016

0

1

0

1

0

6th IAGA/ICMA/SCOSTEP Workshop on Vertical Couplingin the Atmosphere-Ionosphere System

Taipei, Taiwan

Jul. 25–29, 2016

0

0

1

1

0

15th RHESSI workshop

Graz, Austria

Jul. 26–30, 2016

0

1

0

1

0

Recent Advances in Paleoclimate Studies

Kashiwa, Japan

Jul. 27–Aug. 2,
2016

0

1

0

1

0

Beyond the Standard Model with Neutrino Detectors(BSMND 2016)

Suwon, Korea

Jul. 28–29, 2016

0

1

0

1

1

Changchun, China

Jul. 30–Aug. 3,
2016

0

1

0

1

0

Asia Oceania Geosciences Society (AOGS) 13th Annual
Meeting

Beijing, China

Jul. 31–Aug. 5,
2016

0

8

2

10

3

JSPS Core-to-Core Program (B. Asia-Africa Science
Platforms), Collaborative Research between Mongolia,
China and Japan on Outbreaks of Asian Dust andEnvironmental Regime Shift, Third JSPS Seminar

Ulaanbaatar,
Mongolia

Aug. 7–12, 2016

0

1

0

1

0

Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research (SCAR) 2016
Open Science Conference

Kuala Lumpur,
Malaysia

Aug. 20–30, 2016

0

1

0

1

0

URSI Asia-Pacific Radio Science Conference 2016

Seoul, Korea

Aug. 21–25, 2016

0

3

0

3

3

19th International Symposium on Very High Energy Cosmic
Moscow, Russia
Ray Interactions (ISVHECRI 2016)

Aug. 22–27, 2016

1

2

0

2

1

Quadrennial Ozone Symposium 2016

Edinburgh, U.K.

Sep. 4–9, 2016

0

3

0

3

0

Hinode-10 Science Meeting

Nagoya, Japan

Sep. 5–8, 2016

5

8

3

11

1

Japan-Norway Meeting on Offshore Energy Systems: Wing
Trondheim, Norway
Power and HVDC Grids

Sep. 7–9, 2016

0

1

0

1

0

Solar-C Science Meeting

Nagoya, Japan

Sep. 8, 2016

0

1

0

1

1

Solar Physics with Radio Observations -Continued
Operation of Nobeyama Radioheliograph-

Nagoya, Japan

Sep. 9–10, 2016

1

1

0

1

0

International Symposium on Recent Observations andSimulations of the Sun–Earth System III

Varna, Bulgaria

Sep. 12–16, 2016

0

1

0

1

1

International Symposium on the Whole Atmosphere(ISWA)

Tokyo, Japan

Sep.14–16, 2016

0

1

1

2

1

7th Biennial VERSIM Symposium

Hermanus, South
AfricaSep. 19–23, 2016

0

1

0

1

1

23rd European MPI Users’ Group Meeting (EuroMPI2016)

Edinburgh, U.K.

Sep. 25–28, 2016

0

1

0

1

0

The 6th International Maar Conference (IMC)

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research8110. Publications and Presentations

Number of
Presentations

Country/
RegionDate

Denver, Colorado,
U.S.A.

Sep. 25–28, 2016

02

2016 Iran-Japan Joint International Workshop on Isotope
Geology

Kurdistan, IranOct. 1–2, 201602016 International Conference on Ultra-High Energy
Cosmic Rays (UHECR2016)

Kyoto, Japan

Oct. 11–14, 2016

SDO 2016: Unraveling the Sun’s Complexity

Burlington,
Vermont, U.S.A.

American Association for Aerosol Research (AAAR) 34th
Annual Conference
2016 The 4th AOSWA Workshop Asia Oceania Space
Weather Alliance

Title
GSA 2016 Annual Meeting

2nd Annual Last Millennium Reanalysis Workshop

Organizers

Staffsand PDs Students

Total

invited

0

2

0

2

0

2

2

2

2

2

4

1

Oct. 17–21, 2016

0

1

0

1

0

Portland, Oregon,
U.S.A.

Oct. 17–21, 2016

0

1

0

1

0

Jeju, Korea

Oct. 24–27, 2016

0

3

0

3

3

Seattle,Oct. 25–26, 2016
Washington, U.S.A.

0

1

0

1

0

The 35th JSST Annual Conference International
Conference on Simulation Technology (JSST2016)

Kyoto, Japan

Oct.27–29, 2016

0

1

0

1

0

The IX International Symposium in Yakutsk “C/H2O/Energy
Balance and Climate over the Boreal and Arctic Regionswith Special Emphasis on Eastern Eurasia”

Yakutsk, Russia

Nov. 1–4, 2016

0

1

0

1

1

PICES 2016 Annual Meeting

San Diego,
California, U.S.A.

Nov. 2–13, 2016

0

0

1

1

0

13th APPC-AIP Congress

Brisbane, Australia

Nov. 4–8, 2016

0

1

0

1

1

4th THEMIS-Cluster Workshop

Palm Spring,
California, U.S.A.

Nov. 7–12, 2016

0

1

0

1

1

BepiColombo Science Working Team Meeting

Tokyo, Japan

Nov. 8–10, 2016

0

1

0

1

0

9th European Conference on Radar in Meteorology andHydrology (ERAD2016)

Antalya, Turkey

Nov. 10–14, 2016

0

1

0

1

0

Oostende, Belgium Nov. 14–18, 2016

0

1

0

1

0

13th European Space Weather Week (ESWW13)
Chemical Aeronomy in the Mesosphere and Ozone in theStratosphere (CHAMOS) meeting

Luosto, FinlandNov. 28–Dec. 2,
2016

0

2

0

2

0

The Seventh Symposium on Polar Science

Tokyo, Japan

Nov. 28–Dec. 2,
2016

0

4

2

6

0

ISEE Workshop on Ionospheric Plasma Bubble Seedingand Development

Nagoya, Japan

Nov. 29–Dec. 2,
2016

2

2

0

2

2

UiT Space Physics seminar

Tromsø, Norway

Nov. 30, 2016

0

1

0

1

1

International Symposium on GNSS 2016

Tainan, Taiwan

Dec. 5–7, 2016

0

1

0

1

1

AGU Fall Meeting 2016

San Francisco,California, U.S.A.

Dec. 12–16, 2016

0

17

13

30

1

The 29th International Superconductivity Symposium

Tokyo, Japan

Dec. 13–15, 2016

0

0

1

1

0

The 4th Asian/13th Korea-Japan Workshop on Ocean
Color (4th AWOC/13th KJWOC)

Chon Buri,
ThailandDec. 13–16, 2016

0

1

3

4

0

San Diego,
California, U.S.A.

Dec. 18–20, 2016

1

3

0

3

3

A Japan-Thailand Joint Seminar on Marine Environment in
the Gulf of Thailand

Chon Buri,
ThailandDec. 21, 2016

0

1

0

1

0

Symposium on “New development in astrophysics throughmultimessenger observations of gravitational wave
sources”

Kyoto, Japan

Dec. 26–28, 2016

0

1

1

2

0

The 3rd KMI International Symposium on “Quest for theOrigin of Particles and the Universe” (KMI2017)

Nagoya, Japan

Jan. 5–7, 2017

0

2

3

5

1

UCSD 2016 IPS workshop

82

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research10. Publications and Presentations

Number of
Presentations

Country/
Region

Date

International Workshop "Review of the accomplishments ofthe mid-latitude SuperDARN network"

Nagoya, Japan

Jan. 10–14, 2017

1

0

Solarnet IV Meeting

Lanzarote, Spain

Jan. 16–20, 20170

The First International Research Progress Workshop

Abu Dhabi, UAE

Jan. 18–19, 2017

Joint PI meeting of Global Environment Observation
Mission 2016

Tokyo, Japan

Workshop on “Application of Ocean and Climate
Predictions”

Title

Organizers

Staffsand PDs Students

Total

invited

0

0

0

1

0

1

0

0

2

0

2

1

Jan. 23–27, 2017

0

2

0

2

0

Yokohama, Japan

Jan. 25–26, 2017

0

1

0

1

0

Swedish Space Plasma Physics Meeting

Kiruna, Sweden

Feb. 14–15, 2017

0

1

0

1

0

Weather Modification Scientist Training Course

Bangkok, Thailand Feb. 20–23, 2017

0

3

0

3

3

International workshop for climate variability and related
studies over North East Indian subcontinent

Nagoya, Japan

Feb. 21–22, 2017

0

2

0

2

0

айнской кулхътры срелневековъя и Нового времени

Hakodate, Japan

Feb. 25–26, 2017

0

1

0

1

0

2nd GEOlab-RISH Joint workshop on GNSS and SAR
Technologies for Atmospheric Sensing
The 331st Symposium on Humanosphere Science

Kyoto, Japan

Mar. 6–9, 2017

0

1

1

2

1

2nd International Workshop on Cloud Turbulence

Nagoya, Japan

Mar. 8–10, 2017

0

1

0

1

0

22nd NEXT Workshop

Kyoto, Japan

Mar. 9–10, 2017

0

1

0

1

1

Meeting on Perspectives in Computational Atmosphereand Ocean Science and 8th OFES International Workshop

Nagoya, Japan

Mar. 13–14, 2017

1

2

0

2

0

First CCore-RENSEA Seminar on Coastal Ecosystems inSoutheast Asia

Selangor, Malaysia Mar. 14–16, 2017

0

1

0

1

0

MR2017

Matsuyama, Japan Mar. 19–23, 2017

0

0

1

1

1

Russia-Japan Workshop on Arctic Research 2017

Moscow, Russia

Mar. 20–21, 2017

0

1

0

1

0

Kyoto, Japan

Mar. 23–24, 2017

1

11

0

11

1

19

176

47

223

50

The 2nd PSTEP International Symposium (PSTEP-2)
Total

 Domestic Conferences
Number of Conferences

Organizers

120

77

Number of Presentations
Staff and PDs

Student

Total

invited

294

155

449

30

 Lectures for Researchers
Date
Apr. 21, 2016,
Jul. 12, 2016,
Oct. 20, 2016,
Jan.19, 2017,

May 21, 2016, Jun. 21, 2016,
Aug. 23, 2016, Sep. 29, 2016,
Nov. 25, 2016, Dec. 5, 2016,
Feb.14, 2017, Mar. 21, 2017

Titel

PSTEP Seminar

Number ofParticipants
60
a time on
average

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research8310. Publications and Presentations

Date
Jun. 15, 2016, Aug. 3, 2016, Sep. 12, 2016,
Sep. 15, 2016, Sep. 27, 2016, Oct. 7, 2016,
Oct. 12, 2016, Oct. 14, 2016, Oct. 18, 2016,
Nov. 1, 2016, Nov. 11, 2016, Nov. 30, 2016,
Feb. 3, 2017, Feb. 10, 2017, Feb. 17, 2017,
Mar. 27, 2017

84

Titel

ISEE/CICR colloquium

Number ofParticipants
20
a time on
average

Apr.12–13, 2016

Mini-workshop on “Towards a collaboration for ocean
research from space between Vietnam and Japan”

11

Apr. 20, 2016, Apr. 2, 2016, May 25, 2016,
Jun. 1, 2016, Jun. 8, 2016, Jun. 15, 2016

ROOT Training Workshop 201670

Jun. 6–10, 2016

First VarSITI General Symposium

115

Jul. 6, 2016

Labo Seminar“Laboratory of Meteorology Hydrospheric AtmosphericResearch Center”

25

Sep. 12, 2016

Labo Seminar“Laboratory of Meteorology Hydrospheric AtmosphericResearch Center”

16

Oct. 25, 2016

46th Mesoscale Meteorology Workshop

130

Nov. 10–Dec.10, 2016

26th IHP Training Course

39

Dec.18–12, 2016

UCSD IPS Workshop 201622

Dec. 27, 2016

Guest Seminar“Unrealistically pristine air in the Arctic produced bycurrent global scale models”

24

Jan. 20, 2017

Guest Seminar“Frontogenesis and frontolysis in the Agulhas Return
Current region”

Feb. 1, 2017

Guest Seminar“Multi satellite-derived global ocean surface wind vector
data set: construction and validation”

Feb. 20, 2017

Atmosphere-Ocean Seminar“Importance of ocean for tropical cyclone activity in 60
km-AGCM/AOGCM”

Feb. 23, 2017

Guest Seminar“Verification of a positive feedback process with respect
to the rapid development of extratropical cyclones overwarm currents”

16

Feb. 24, 2017

Guest Seminar“Solar wind interaction with the Moon”

25

Feb. 27, 2017

SELIS Seminar

24

Mar. 15, 2017

Institute Lecture on Ocean Environment

21

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research10. Publications and Presentations

Awards Staffs and PDs
DateAwardsAward Winners

Title

Jun. 28, 2016

NASA Group Achievement Award(GAA)

Nobuhiro Takahashi

TRMM End of Mission Team

Jul. 27, 2016

Doornbos Memorial Prize, The
Committee on Study of Earth’s DeepInterior (SEDI), the International
Union of Geodesy and Geophysics(IUGG)

Kumiko Hori

For outstanding work on theoretical andnumerical studies of waves and dynamos in thecore dynamics

Sep. 16, 2016

Scholarly Publishing Award of theJapan Society of Hydrology andWater Resources

Tetsuya Hiyama“Siberia, Water and Social Environments in the
Warming Far North”

Best Poster Award WWEC2016
Tokyo

Kazuhisa Tsuboki
Masaya Kato

Nov. 1, 2016

*Published in Japanese.

Wind Power Simulation and Analysis
Incorporating Highly-Resolved Weather
Prediction and Measurement Data of Japan*The Award was shared by six scientists.

Additionally, one domestic award.

 Students
Date

May 31, 2016

AwardsJpGU - AGU Joint Meeting 2017
Outstanding Student Presentation
Award

Award Winners

Title

Takuya Shibayama

Fast magnetic reconnection supported bysporadic small-scale Petschek-type shocks

Heqiucen Xu

Statistical Analysis of Severe Magnetic
Fluctuations in the near-Earth Magnetotail
Observed by THEMIS-E

Jul. 1, 2016

International HPC Summer School2016 "Parallel Programming
Challenge" First Prize

Takuya Shibayama

Jul. 6, 2016

Nagoya University Outstanding
Graduate Student Award

Takuya Shibayama

Sep. 24, 2016

Japan Association of Mineralogical
Sciences “Journal of Mineralogicaland Petrological Sciences” Best
Paper Award for Student Scientists
2015

Tomoki Taguchi

Coexistence of jadeite and quartz in garnet of the
Sanbagawa metapelite from the Asemi-gawaregion, central Shikoku, Japan. Journal of
Mineralogical and Petrological Sciences, 109-4,
169–176, 2014.

Nov. 11, 2016

Mass Spectrometry Society of Japan
Isotope-ratio Mass Spectrometry
2016 Outstanding Student
Presentation Award

Hikari Mukumoto

An attempt on 14C dating and reconstruction ofdiet for cremated remains of Jokei, a Buddhist
monk

Dec. 1, 2016

SGEPSS Student Presentation
Award (Aurora Medal) 2016

Daiki Takeo

Long-term variation of phase velocity spectra ofmesospheric and thermospheric waves observedin airglow images at Shigaraki

Jan. 8, 2017

Institute of Electronics, Information
and Communication, Engineers
Electronics Society, TechnicalCommittee on Electron Devices 2016
Outstanding Student Paper Award

Naoki Akiyama

Linearity measurement of
SIS(Superconductor-Insulator-Superconductor)
mixer for millimeter-wave radiometer

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research8511. Education

11. Education
The Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research primarily offers graduate programs in three schools, i.e., Science,
Engineering, and Environmental Studies; however, it also provides opportunities for both undergraduate and postdoctoral
experiences in these schools. In addition to the academic staff of the faculties, specially appointed members also contribute toeducation via graduate and undergraduate courses. Graduates are enrolled in the doctoral programs. Academic members are
responsible for guiding the progress of the students’ thesis projects. The students studying at the institute also have opportunities
to attend seminars and discussions with foreign researchers and to participate in international meetings/conferences andobservations/experiments.

Graduate Programs
The institute has its own graduate course program for Heliospheric and Geospace Physics as a part of the Division ofParticle and Astrophysical Science in the Graduate School of Science at Nagoya University.
In addition, it cooperates with the Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science via the SpaceElectromagnetic Environment group (http://www.nuee.nagoya-u.ac.jp/soshiki/electrical-e.php) in the Graduate School ofEngineering and the Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences (as a group in the Earth and Planetary Sciences Course
and the Hydrospheric–Atmospheric Sciences Course http://www.env.nagoya-u.ac.jp/english/dept/index.html) in the Graduate
School of Environmental Studies by teaching/training graduate students in disciplines related to Space–Earth Environmental
Research. They also teach core and topical courses.
Staff association between the research divisions in the ISEE and the graduate schools

Oceanography●

Hydroclimatology

Tandetron AMS

CHIMEInformation
Engineering

●

●

●

●

●

Helios pheric
Res earc h●

Ionos pheric andM agnetos pheric
Res earc h
M eteorologic al andAtm os pheric
Res earc hHydrospheric-Atmospheric Sciences Course
Global Water Cycle

Cloud andPrecipitation
Sciences

Cos m ic -RayRes earc h

●

●

●

●

Land– Oc ean
Ec os y s tem
Res earc hChronologic al
Res earc h86●

Earth and Planetary
Sciences Course Earth
History Study

Meteorology

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental ResearchIntegrated
StudiesSpace
Observation

Electrical Engineering
Course SpaceElectromagnetic
Environment
Heliospheric
PlasmaPhysics (SW)

Heliospheric and Geospace Physics

Cosmic-Ray
Physics(CR)

Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences(SST)

Department of ElectricalEngineering andComputer Science

Solar and Space
Physics - Theory

Division of Particle and Astrophysical Science(SSE)

Graduate School of Environmental Studies

Space Science –Experiment

Graduate School ofEngineering

Atmospheric andEnvironmental
Science（AM)

Graduate School of Science●

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research●●

11. Education

Number of Students Supervised by ISEE Staff(April 1, 2016–March 31, 2017)

M1

M2

D1

D2

D3

Undergraduate

Research

Students

Students

16

19

6

3

10

-

-

54

8

10

0

0

1

-

-

19

7

9

1

5

7

-

3

32

School of Science

-

-

-

-

-

3

-

3

School of Engineering

-

-

-

-

-

12

-

12

Total

31

38

7

8

18

15

3

120

Graduate School of Science
Graduate School ofEngineering
Graduate School ofEnvironmental Studies

Total* cumulative total in FY 2016

Faculty Members
 Graduate School of Science Division of Particle and Astrophysical Science
Field/Topics
Solar-Terrestrial Chemistry

Solar-Terrestrial
Relationships

Solar-Terrestrial Physics

Professor

Associate Professor

Yutaka Matsumi

Lecturer

Assistant Professor

Tomoki Nakayama

Akira Mizuno

Tomoo Nagahama

Masafumi Hirahara

Satonori Nozawa

Kazuo Shiokawa

Yuichi Otsuka

Kanya Kusano

Satoshi Masuda

Yoshitaka Itow

Kimiaki Masuda

Hiroyasu Tajima

Fumio Abe

Shin-ichiro Oyama

Akimasa Ieda
Takashi Sako

Akira Okumura

Yutaka Matsubara
Munetoshi Tokumaru

Ken-ichi Fujiki Graduate School of Engineering Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science
Field/Topics

Professor

Associate Professor

Space Electromagnetic
Environment

Kazuo Shiokawa

Nozomu Nishitani

Shinobu Machida

Yoshizumi Miyoshi

Lecturer

Assistant Professor
Taku Nakajima

Takayuki Umeda

Shinsuke Imada Graduate School of Environmental Studies Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences
Field/Topics
Hydrospheric-Atmospheric
Sciences Course
Global Water Cycle
Earth and Planetary
Sciences
Course Earth History Study

Professor

Associate Professor

Kazuhisa Tsuboki

Taro Shinoda

Nobuhiro Takahashi

Hirohiko Masunaga

Tetsuya Hiyama

Tomo'omi Kumagai

Joji Ishizaka

Hidenori Aiki

Masaki Enami

Takenori Kato

Hiroyuki kitagawa

Masayo Minami

LectureAssistant Professor

Hatsuki Fujinami
Yoshihisa Mino

Hirotaka Oda

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research8711. Education

Undergraduate Education
Based on demand, the faculty of the institute offers numerous undergraduate courses in the School of Science, the Schoolof Engineering, and in other departments and at other universities in the adjacent area.

 During the 2016 Academic Year, The Following Courses were Offered;・First Year Seminar A・Foundations of Electromagnetics I, ll
・Laboratory in Physics
・Fundamentals of Earth Science I
・Astrophysics and Space Science
・Science of Atmospheric-Hydrospehric Environment
・Introduction to Earth Science
・Experimental Physics
・Physics Experiments I/ll
・Introduction to Physics I
・Experiments in Physics - Advanced Course
・Astrophysics III
・Solar System Science
・Atmospheric and Hydrospheric Sciences
・Petrology
・Geochemical Analysis I and Experiments
・Environmental Earth Sciences
・Electromagnetic Wave Engineering
・Electric Circuits with Exercise
・Probability Theory and Numerical Analysis with Exercises
・Mathematics 1 with Exercises A/B

88

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research

12. International Relations

12. International Relations
Academic Exchange
Institution

Country/Region

Establishment

Indonesia

May 31,1988

Korean Space Weather Center

Korea

December 24, 2012

Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology, Korea Ocean Satellite Center

Korea

April 17, 2014

Pukyong National University, College of Fisheries Sciences

Korea

October 2, 2006

Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences

China

February 20, 2001

Polar Research Institute of China

China

November 11, 2005

Department of Atmospheric Sciences, National Taiwan University

TaiwanOctober 30, 2009

Center for Weather Climate and Disaster Research, National Taiwan University

TaiwanSeptember 3, 2014

Bangladesh University of Engineering & Technology, Department of Physics

Bangladesh

March 4, 2008

National Institute of Water andAtmospheric Research

New Zealand

July 26, 1989

Centre for Geophysical Research, University of Auckland

New Zealand

December 7, 1992

Faculty of Science, University of Canterbury

New Zealand

July 30, 1998

Geophysical Institute, University of Alaska Fairbanks

U.S.A.

July 16, 1990

Space Environment Center, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration

U.S.A.

December 15, 1992

National Geophysical Data Center, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration

U.S.A.

January 5, 1993

Haystack Observatory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology

U.S.A.

October 24, 1994

Center for Astrophysics and Space Sciences, University of California at San Diego

U.S.A

December 22, 1997

Center for Space Science and Engineering Research, Virginia Polytechnic Instituteand State University

U.S.A.

January 23, 2013

Chacaltaya Cosmic Ray Observatory, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad Mayor de
San Andres, La Paz

Bolivia

February 20, 1992

National Institute for Space Research

BrazilMarch 5, 1997

Swedish Institute of Space Physics

SwedenFaculty of Science, University of Tromsø

NorwayDepartment of Geophysics, Finnish Meteorological Institute

FinlandOctober 21, 1994

Yerevan Physics InstituteArmenia

October 18, 1996

Institute of Cosmophysical Research and Radiowave Propagation, Far Eastern
Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences

RussiaApril 14, 2007

Institute of Solar-Terrestrial Physics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of
Sciences

RussiaOctober 28, 2008

Yu.G. Shafer Institute of Cosmophysical Research and Aeronomy, Siberian Branchof the Russian Academy of Sciences

RussiaNovember 28, 2012

The Polar Geophysical Institute, Murmansk

RussiaMarch 13, 2017

Indonesian National Institute of Aeronautics and Space

September 1, 2005

(since March 25, 1993)

April 2, 2003

(since October 8, 1993)

Note: The List includes the academic exchanges established in the former organizations before ISEE.

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research8912. International Relations

Research Projects
 Major International Projects
Research Project

VarSITI (Variability of the Sun and Its Terrestrial
Impact)ISEECollaborating
Representative Country/Region

K. Shiokawa

U.S.A., France,
Germany, U.K.,
Italy, Canada,
Australia, India,
China, and other

Collaborating Organization

SCOSTEP

countries

U.K.
FranceSouth Africa
Australia
Canada
Italy
RussiaChina

JHUAPL, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State
University
University of Leicester
LPC2E/CNRS
University of KwaZulu-Natal
La Trobe University
University of Saskatchewan
IFSI
ISTP/SB RAS
Polar Research Institute of China

Argentina
Chile

CEILAP
University of Magallanes(UMAG)

U.S.A.

Study of the Polar/Midlatitude Ionosphere andMagnetosphere Using the SuparDARN HF Radar
NetworkN. Nishitani

Project for Development of the Atmospheric
Environmental Risk Management System in SouthAmerica

A. Mizuno International Collaborative Project
Research Project

ISEE
Collaborating
Representative Country/Region

Collaborating Organization

Solar Researches with Nobeyama Radioheliograph

S. Masuda

Korea
RussiaU.K.
Germany

GSFC/NASA, Catholic University of America
National Astronomical Observatories Chinese
Academy of Sciences, Shandong University
KASI, Seoul National University
Russian Academy of Sciences
University of Warwick
Georg-August-Universität Göttingen

Radiation Belt Storm Probes (RBSP) Project

Y. Miyoshi

U.S.A.

NASA、JHUAPL

Modeling Study of Inner Magnetosphere

Y. Miyoshi

U.S.A.

Los Alamos National Laboratory

New Zealand
U.S.A.

University of Auckland, University of Canterbury,
Victoria University of Wellington, Massey University
University of Notre Dame
University of Florence, Catania University
École Polytechnique
CERN
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
Seoul National University, Sejong University, Korea
Research Institute of standards and Science

U.S.A.
China

A Search for Dark Objects Using the Gravitational
Microlensing Effect

F. AbeStudy in Interaction of Very High Energy Cosmic
Rays by Using Large Hadron Collider

Y. Itow

Italy
FranceSwitzerland
U.S.A.

Study of Dark Matter and Solar Neutrinos Using a
Liquid Xenon Detector

Y. Itow

Korea

90

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research

12. International Relations

Research Project

ISEE
Collaborating
Representative Country/Region
U.S.A.

Study in Cosmic Neutrinos by Using a Large Water
Cherenkov Detector

Y. Itow

Canada
U.K.

Spain
Korea
China
PolandU.S.A.

Korea

Research and Development for the Next Generation
Water Cherenkov Detector, Hyper-Kamiokande

China
U.K.

Y. Itow
Italy
FranceSwitzerland
Spain
PolandBrazilCanada,PortugalY. Matsubara

Boston University, Brookhaven National
Laboratory, UCI, Duke University, George
Mason University, University of Hawaii,
Indiana University, Los Alamos National
Laboratory, University of Maryland, State
University of New York, University ofWashington
University of British Columbia, University ofToronto, TRIUMF
Queen Mary University of London, Imperial
College London, University of Liverpool,
University of Oxford, University of Sheffield
Complutense University of Madrid
Chonnam National University, Seoul National
University, Sungkyunkwan University
Tsinghua University
University of Warsaw

Boston University, Brookhaven National
Laboratory, UCI, Duke University, George
Mason University, Indiana University, Universityof Hawaii, Los Alamos National Laboratory,
University of Maryland, State University of New
York, University of Washington
Chonnam National University, Seoul National
University, Sungkyunkwan University
Tsinghua University
Imperial College London, Lancaster University,
University of Oxford, Queen Mary University of
London, University of Sheffield, Rutherford
Appleton Laboratory
INFN Sezione di Bari, INFN Sezione di Napoli,
INFN Sezione di Padova, INFN Sezione di Roma
CEA Saclay, École Polytechnique
University of Bern, Swiss Federal Institute ofTechnology ZurichAutonomous University of Madrid
University of Warsaw
University of São Paulo

Russia and other Institutions

Switzerland
U.S.A.
MexicoResearch Institute of Physics, University of San
Andres
Yerevan Physics Institute
Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese
Academy of Sciences
University of Bern
University of Hawaii
National Autonomous University of Mexico

Bolivia

Study of Solar Neutrons

Collaborating Organization

Armenia
China

Search for Cosmic-ray Excursions in the Past bySingle-year Measurements of 14C in Tree Rings

F. Miyake

U.S.A.
Switzerland

The University of Arizona
Swiss Federal Institute of Technology

Study in Interaction of Very High Energy Cosmic
Rays by Using Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider

T. Sako

Italy
U.S.A.

University of Florence, Catania University
Brookhaven National Laboratory

Solar Flare Research with Hard X-ray Spectral
Imaging Observations

H. Tajima

U.S.A.

UCB, MSFC/NASA, Air Force ResearchLaboratory

Solar Flare Research with Gamma-ray Spectral
Imaging Observations with Polarimetry

H. Tajima

U.S.A.

UCB, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory,
GSFC/NASA

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research9112. International Relations

Research Project

ISEE
Collaborating
Representative Country/Region
U.S.A.

Research on Origin of Cosmic Rays with Fermi
Satellite

H. Tajima

France
Italy
SwedenGermany
France
Italy
Spain
Switzerland
U.K.

Research on Origin of Cosmic Rays with CTA(Cherenkov Telescope Array)

H. Tajima

U.S.A.

Collaborating Organization
Stanford University, SLAC National Accelerator
Laboratory, GSFC/NASA, U.S. Naval ResearchLaboratory, UCSC, Sonoma State University
University of Washington, Purdue University,
Ohio State University, University of Denver
CENS, CNRS, École Polytechnique
INFN, Italian Space Agency, IFSIRoyal Institute of Technology, Stockholm
University

Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron,
Max-Planck-Institut, Heidelberg University CENS,
École Polytechnique, University of Paris
INFN、IFSI
University of Barcelona, Complutense University
University of Zürich
Durham University, University of Leicester,
University of Leeds
SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Argonne
National Laboratory, University of Washington,
Iowa State University, UCLA, UCSC, Universityof Chicago, Smithsonian Observatory

Brazil, Argentina, and other institutions
Poland, Armenia,
Australia, Czech,
Bulgaria, Croatia,
Finland,
Greece,Sweden Slovenia,
India,
Ireland,
South Africa

Observations of Interplanetary Disturbances Using
the International IPS Network

M. Tokumaru India

LOFAR-UK
Tata Institute of Fundamental Research
National Autonomous University of Mexico

Study of 3-D Solar Wind Structure and Dynamics
Using Heliospheric Tomography

M. Tokumaru U.S.A.

CASS/UCSD

Study on the Application of Interplanetary
Scintillation Observations to Space Weather Forecast

M. Tokumaru Korea

Korean Space Weather Center

Study of the Heliospheric Boundary Region Using
Observations of Interplanetary Scintillation

M. Tokumaru U.S.A.

CSPAR/University of Alabama in Huntsville

Magnetic Conjugate Observations of Midlatitude
Thermospheric Disturbances

K. Shiokawa

Australia

Radio and Space Service/IPS

Variation of the Thermosphere and Ionosphere owing
to the Energy of Atmospheric Waves

K. Shiokawa

Indonesia

LAPAN

High-Sensitive Imaging Measurements of Airglow and
Aurora in the Canadian Arctic

K. Shiokawa

U.S.A.
CanadaUniversity of California, Augsburg College
University of Calgary, Athabasca University

Ionosphere and Upper Atmosphere Research,
Observations and Monitoring

K. Shiokawa

Thailand

Chiang Mai University

Comparison of Dynamical Variations of the
Mesosphere, Thermosphere, and Ionosphere between
Asian and Brazilian Longitudes

K. Shiokawa

Brazil

INPE

Ground and Satellite Measurements of Geospace
Environment in the Far-Eastern Russia

K. Shiokawa

RussiaInstitute of Cosmophysical Research andRadiowave Propagation, Far Eastern Branch,
Russian Academy of Sciences

92

U.K.

MexicoInstitute for Space–Earth Environmental Research

12. International Relations

Research Project

ISEE
Collaborating
Representative Country/Region

Cote d’Ivoire

National Space Research and Development
Agency, Federal University of Technology, Akure
Université Félix Houphouët-Boigny

K. Shiokawa

Russia

IKFIA/SB RAS, ISTP/SB RAS

Research and Development of the Low-Energy
Electron Instrument Onboard the ERG Satellite

M. Hirahara

TaiwanAcademia Sinica Institute of Astronomy andAstrophysics, National Cheng Kung University

Future Satellite Mission for the Terrestrial
Magnetosphere-Ionosphere-Thermosphere
Explorations by Formation Flight Observations and its
Feasibility Study and Collaboration of the Satellite and
Ground-Based Observations

M. Hirahara

SwedenSwedish Institute of Space Physics(IRF),
Swedish National Space Board

Observations of the Equatorial Ionosphere in
South-East Asia and West Africa

K. Shiokawa

Observations of Waves and Particles in the Inner
Magnetosphere in the Siberian Region of Russia

Research and Development of the Plasma/Particle
Instrument Suite for the Mercury Magnetospheric
Exploration Mission

Nigeria

Collaborating Organization

FranceSwedenM. Hirahara

U.K.
U.S.A.
Switzerland

Study of the Polar Upper Atmosphere Using the
EISCAT Radars and Other Instruments

S. Nozawa

NorwaySweden, Finland,
Germany, U.K.,
China

Study of Pulsating Aurora Using AMISR and Optical
Instruments

S. Oyama

U.S.A.

CESR-CNRS, CETP-IPSL
Institute for Solar Physics of the Royal Swedish
Academy of Sciences
Rutherford Appleton Laboratory
Boston University
University of Bern
University of Tromsø
EISCAT Scientific Association

University of Maryland, College Park,
University of Alaska Fairbanks,
SRI International

Study of Auroral Energetic Electron Precipitation(EEP) Impacts on the Upper/Middle Atmosphere

S. Oyama

New Zealand
U.K.
NorwayU.S.A.

Sodankylä Geophysical Observatory,
University of Oulu,
Finnish Meteorological Institute
University of Otago
British Antarctic Survey
University Centre in Svalbard
University of Alaska Fairbanks

Laboratory Studies on Atmospheric Fate Processesof Hydrofluorocarbons

Y. Matsumi

U.S.A.

Ford Research Laboratory

Laboratory Studies on Elementary Reactions ofAtmospheric Minor ConstituentsY. Matsumi

U.K.

University of Bristol

Application of the Cavity Ring Down (CRD)
Spectroscopy to Atmospheric Measurements

Y. Matsumi

U.S.A.

Geophysical Institute,
University of Alaska Fairbanks

Research on Optical Properties of Atmospheric
Aerosol Particles

Y. Matsumi

Ireland

University College Cork

Continuous Observation of Methane at a Paddy Field
in Northern India

Y. Matsumi

India

University of Delhi

U.S.A.

University of Colorado Boulder, UCLA,
University of Arizona
University of Tromsø
EISCAT Scientific Association

FinlandHigh Energy Particles in Geospace: the Acceleration
Mechanism and the Role in Earth’s Climate

A. Mizuno

NorwaySwedenGlobal Precipitation Measurement Mission (GPM)

H. Masunaga U.S.A.

NASA

Tropical Cyclones-Pacific Asian Research Campaign
for Improvement of Intensity Estimations/Forecasts(T-PARCII)

K. Tsuboki
T. Shinoda

TaiwanNational Taiwan University Atmospheric
Sciences

Study of Equatorial Waves in the Atmosphere and Ocean

H. AikiGermany

GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean
Research Kiel

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research9312. International Relations

Research Project
Validation of GOCI Products and Application toEnvironmental Monitoring of Japanese Coastal Waters

ISEE
Collaborating
Representative Country/Region
J. Ishizuka

Korea

J. Ishizaka

Korea Institute of Ocean Science andTechnology

Estonia

Korea Institute of Ocean Science andTechnology
Columbia University, East Carolina University
National Cheng Kung University
Burapha University
First Institute of Oceanography, Nanjing
University of Science and Technology
University of Tartu

Korea

Collection of Validation Dataset of GCOM-C Coastal
Products

Collaborating Organization

U.S.A.
TaiwanThai
China

Sea Surface Nitrate and Nitrate Based New
Production - two innovative research products fromSGLI on board GCOM-C

J. Ishizaka

U.S.A.

Columbia University

Flood- and Drought-Adaptive Cropping Systems toConserve Water Environments in Semi-arid Regions

T. Hiyama

Namibia

University of Namibia

Sweden, Finland,
U.K., China,

Integrated Land Ecosystem - Atmosphere Processes
Study (iLEAPS), a CoreProject of the Future Earth
Program

T. Hiyama

Observational Study of Vegetation, Energy and Water
in Eastern Siberia Towards Elucidation of Climate andCarbon Cycle Changes

T. Hiyama

RussiaInstitute for Biological Problems of Cryolithozone/SB RAS

Arctic Challenge for Sustainability (ArCS) Project

T. Hiyama

U.S.A.

International Arctic Research Center of the
University of Alaska Fairbanks (IARC)

Estimating Permafrost Groundwater age in Central
Mongolia

T. Hiyama

MongolInstitute of Geography and Geoecology of theMongolian Academy of Sciences

Understanding How Drought Affects the Risk of
Increased Mortality in Tropical Rain Forests

T. Kumagai

U.K.
Malaysia
U.S.A.

Natural Environment Research Council

Biodiversity And Land-use Impacts on Tropical
Ecosystem Function (BALI) - A Multidisciplinary
Consortium Exploring the Biogeochemical Impacts ofTropical Forest Degradation, Agricultural Conversion
and Biodiversity Loss

T. Kumagai

U.K.

Natural Environment Research Council

Geochronological Research on the Basement Rocksin Japan and Korea

T. KatoKorea

Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral
Resources (KIGAM)

Development of New Analytical Techniques andAccurate Quantification of Electron Microprobe
Analysis

T. Kato

Korea

Pusan National University (PNU)

and othercountries

iLEAPS/Future Earthand other institutes

U.S.A., Australia,
Argentina, Brazil,
Bangladesh,
International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA)
China, and other

Stable Isotopes in Precipitation and Paleoclimatic
Archives in Tropical Areas to Improve Regional
Hydrological and Climatic Impact Models

N. Kurita

Towards a Deeper understanding of Tropical
Isoscapes

N. Kurita

Australia

James Cook University, Cairn

Comparison Between 1 MV AMS and 5 MV AMS on
Precision and Accuracy of 10Be Measurement

M. Minami

Korea

Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral
Resources (KIGAM)

94

counties

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research

12. International Relations

Research Project

ISEE
Collaborating
Representative Country/Region

Collaborating Organization

Radiocarbon Dating of Kraftu Cave Guano Deposit inKurdistan, Iran

M. MinamiHigh Precision Radiocarbon Measurements of Tree
Annual Rings

T. Nakamura U.S.A.

Department of Geosciences, University of
Arizona

Radiocarbon Measurement of Peat Sediments in
Aleutian Islands, Alaska, North America

T. Nakamura U.S.A.

The Museum of the Aleutians, Unalaska

Eruption History of the Calderas Located in Bali,
Indonesia

T. Nakamura Indonesia

Department of Geological Engineering, Gadjah
University

Investigation on Bottom Topography and theFormation Ages of Maar Lakes in Philippines Using
the Lake Sediments

T. Nakamura Philippine

Philippine Institute of Volcanology andSeismology

Heidelberg pure CO2 Intercomparison Project

T. Nakamura Germany

Heidelberg University

Study on History of Palaeo-Environmental Changes
Based on Radiocarbon Ages of Cored-Sediment
Samples from a Wetland in South India

T. Nakamura India

Indian Institute of Science, Banglore

Study on Radiocarbon Chronology of Buddhistic
Archaeological Remains at the Bamiyan Site, Islamic
Republic of Afghanistan

T. Nakamura France

Directeur de la Mission Archéologique Française

Study of Grand-Water Circulation Based on 14C Agesof Underground Water and Hot-Spring Water Samples
from Korea

T. Nakamura Korea

Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral
Resources (KIGAM)

Research and Development on Geochemical Proxies
of Isotope and Trace Element for Understanding ofEarth and Universe Evolution Processes

G. Tanaka

Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral
Resources (KIGAM)

Iran

Korea

University of Kurdistan

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research9512. International Relations

Visitors from Foreign Institutes
NameCountry/
RegionAffiliation

PeriodTong Phuoc Hoang Son

Viet Nam

Institute of Oceanography, Vietnam Academy of
Science and Technology

Apr. 11–17, 2016

Viet Nam

Institute of Oceanography, Vietnam Academy of
Science and Technology

Viet Nam

Institute of Oceanography, Vietnam Academy of
Science and Technology

Nguyen Huu Huan
Tran Van Chung
Nguyen Khoa Son

Viet Nam

Vietnamese National Space Program

David Tsiklauri

U.K.

Queen Mary University of London

Takanobu Yamaguchi

U.S.A.

NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory

Andrew Hillier

U.K.

Maria D. Kazachenko
Chin-Ho Tsai

Apr. 11–17, 2016
Apr. 11–17, 2016
Apr. 11–17, 2016

Status at Nagoya
University
Participant in the
Symposium
Participant in the
Symposium
Participant in the
Symposium
Participant in the
Symposium

May 20, 2016

Visitor

Jun. 15–16, 2016

Visitor

University of Cambridge

Jun. 21, 2016

Visitor

U.S.A.

UCB

Jun. 30, 2016

VisitorTaiwanNational Dong Hwa University

Jul. 2–8, 2016

Foreign Collaborative
Researcher
Foreign Collaborative

Bernard V. Jackson

U.S.A.

CASS, UCSD

Jul. 4–5, 2016

Shin-Yi Huang

TaiwanNational Taiwan Normal University

Jul. 4–15, 2016

Visitor

Chih-Sheng Chang

TaiwanNational Taiwan Normal University

Jul. 4–15, 2016

VisitorHua Hsu

TaiwanNational Taiwan Normal University

Jul. 4–22, 2016

Visitor

Chien-Chang Huang

TaiwanNational Taiwan Normal University

Jul. 4–22, 2016

VisitorYu-Han Chen

TaiwanNational Taiwan Normal University

Jul. 4–22, 2016

VisitorShih-How Lo

TaiwanNational Taiwan Normal University

Jul. 4–Aug. 28, 2016

VisitorBing Zhang

China

Chinese Academy of Sciences

Liping Lei
Deung-Lyong Cho

China

Chinese Academy of Sciences

Korea

Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral
Resources (KIGAM)

Jul. 25, 2016
Jul. 25, 2016
Jul. 29–Aug. 9, 2016

Michael BellU.S.A.

University of Hawaii at Manoa

Satoshi Inoue

Germany

Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research Aug. 24–Sep. 23, 2016

Stephen White
Anglu Shen※Sanjiv K. Tiwari
Andrew Hillier
Bernhard Fleck
Viggo H. Hansteen

96

U.S.A.
China
U.S.A.
U.K.
U.S.A.
NorwayUSAF Air Force Research Laboratory
Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences (CAFS)
MSFC, NASA
University of Cambridge
GSFC, NASA/ESA
University of Oslo

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental ResearchAug. 3–5, 2016

Aug. 31–Sep. 24, 2016
Aug. 31–Sep. 1, 2016
Sep. 2–10, 2016
Sep. 3–9, 2016
Sep. 3–9, 2016
Sep. 3–9, 2016

Researcher

Foreign Collaborative
Researcher
Foreign Collaborative
Researcher
Foreign Collaborative
Researcher
Participant in the
Symposium
Participant in the
Symposium
Foreign Collaborative
Researcher
Foreign Collaborative
Researcher
Participant in the
Symposium
Participant in the
Symposium
Participant in the
Symposium
Participant in the
Symposium12. International Relations

Name
Krishna Mooroogen
Graham Barnes
Ivan Sharkin
Kathy Reeves
James A. Klimchuk
Luis Bellot Rubio
Sami K. Solanki
Patrick Antolin
Paul J. Wright
Dominik Utz
Kirill Kuzanyan
Sergiy Shelyag
Tanmoy Samanta
Girjesh R. Gupta
Alberto Sainz Dalda
Edward E. Deluca
Mark Weber
Ted Tarbell
Valery M. Nakariakov
Göran B. Scharmer
Ada Ortiz Carbonell
Inigo Arregui
David R. Williams
Artem Ulyanov
Giulio Del Zanna
Adam Kobelski
Harry P. Warren
Alphonse C. SterlingCountry/
RegionU.K.

Affiliation

PeriodNorthumbria University

Sep. 3–9, 2016

U.S.A.

NorthWest Research Associates

RussiaSpace Research Institute of Russian Academyof Sciences

U.S.A.
U.S.A.
Spain
Germany
U.K.
U.K.
Belgium
RussiaU.K.

Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics
NASA
Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía
Max Planck Institute of Solar System Research
University of St. Andrews
University of Glasgow
Centre for mathematical Plasma Astrophysics,
KU Leuven
IZMIRAN、Russian Academy of Sciences
Northumbria University

U.S.A.

High Altitude Observatory of National Center for
Atmospheric Research

SwedenSpain

Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics
Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics
Lockheed Martin
University of Warwick
Stockholm University

Spain
RussiaP. N. Lebedev Physical Institute of the Russian
Academy of Sciences

U.S.A.

University of Cambridge

Sep. 3–11, 2016
Sep. 3–11, 2016

Sep. 4–8, 2016
Sep. 4–9, 2016
Sep. 4–9, 2016
Sep. 4–9, 2016
Sep. 4–9, 2016

University of Alabama in HuntsvilleNASA

Sep. 3–10, 2016

Sep. 4–8, 2016

Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía

Naval Research Laboratory

Sep. 3–10, 2016

Sep. 4–8, 2016

European Space Astronomy Centre, European
Space Agency

U.S.A.

Sep. 3–10, 2016

Sep. 3–11, 2016

Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias

U.S.A.

Sep. 3–10, 2016

Sep. 3–10, 2016

Spain

U.K.

Sep. 3–10, 2016

Sep. 3–10, 2016

India

U.K.

Sep. 3–10, 2016

Sep. 3–10, 2016

Inter-University Centre for Astronomy andAstrophysics

U.S.A.

Sep. 3–10, 2016

Sep. 3–10, 2016

Indian Institute of Astrophysics

U.S.A.

Sep. 3–9, 2016

Sep. 3–10, 2016

India

U.S.A.

Sep. 3–9, 2016

Sep. 4–10, 2016
Sep. 4–10, 2016
Sep. 4–10, 2016

Status at Nagoya
University
Participant in the
Symposium
Participant in the
Symposium
Participant in the
Symposium
Participant in the
Symposium
Participant in the
Symposium
Participant in the
Symposium
Participant in the
Symposium
Participant in the
Symposium
Participant in the
Symposium
Participant in the
Symposium
Participant in the
Symposium
Participant in the
Symposium
Participant in the
Symposium
Participant in the
Symposium
Participant in the
Symposium
Participant in the
Symposium
Participant in the
Symposium
Participant in the
Symposium
Participant in the
Symposium
Participant in the
Symposium
Participant in the
Symposium
Participant in the
Symposium
Participant in the
Symposium
Participant in the
Symposium
Participant in the
Symposium
Participant in the
Symposium
Participant in the
Symposium
Participant in the
Symposium

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research9712. International Relations

Name
Stephane RegnierNavin C. Joshi
Krishna Prasad
Sayamanthula
Pradeep Kayshap
Tiago M. D. Pereira
Yoshiaki Kato
Zhao Wu
Andreas Lagg
George Doschek
Iain G. Hannah
Marc L. DeRosa
Georgios Chintzoglou
Mark CheungDavid Brooks
Louise Harra
Deborah Baker
John Culhane
Antonia Savcheva
Stanislav Gunár
Elena Dzifcakova
Charalambos Kanella
Pia Zacharias
Jack Carlyle
Susanna Parenti
Miho Janvier
Eun-Kyung Lim
Seiji Yashiro
Navdeep K. Panesar

98

Country/
RegionU.K.
Korea

Affiliation
Northumbria University
Kyung Hee University

U.K.

Queen’s University Belfast

India

Inter-University Centre for Astronomy andAstrophysics

NorwayNorwayChina
Germany
U.S.A.

University of Oslo
University of Oslo
Shandong University
Max Planck Institute of Solar System Research
Naval Research Laboratory

U.K.

University of Glasgow

U.S.A.

Lockheed Martin Solar and Astrophysics
Laboratory

U.S.A.

Lockheed Martin Solar and Astrophysics
Laboratory

U.S.A.

Lockheed Martin Solar and Astrophysics
Laboratory

U.S.A.

College of Science, George Mason University,

U.K.

Mullard Space Science Laboratory, University
College London

U.K.

Mullard Space Science Laboratory, University
College London

U.K.

Mullard Space Science Laboratory, University
College London

U.S.A.

Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics

Czech

Astronomical Institute of the Czech Academy of
Sciences

Czech

Astronomical Institute of the Czech Academy of
Sciences

NorwayNorwayNorwayFranceFranceKorea
U.S.A.
U.S.A.

University of Oslo
University of Oslo
University of Oslo
Institut d‘Astrophisique Spatiale
Institut d'Astrophysique Spatiale
Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute
The Catholic University of America
MSFC, NASA

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research

PeriodSep. 4–10, 2016
Sep. 4–10, 2016
Sep. 4–10, 2016
Sep. 4–10, 2016
Sep. 4–10, 2016
Sep. 4–10, 2016
Sep. 4–12, 2016
Sep. 5–8, 2016
Sep. 5–8, 2016
Sep. 5–8, 2016
Sep. 5–8, 2016
Sep. 5–8, 2016
Sep. 5–8, 2016
Sep. 5–8, 2016
Sep. 5–8, 2016
Sep. 5–8, 2016
Sep. 5–8, 2016
Sep. 5–8, 2016
Sep. 5–8, 2016
Sep. 5–8, 2016
Sep. 5–8, 2016
Sep. 5–8, 2016
Sep. 5–8, 2016
Sep. 5–8, 2016
Sep. 5–8, 2016
Sep. 5–8, 2016
Sep. 5–8, 2016
Sep. 5–8, 2016

Status at Nagoya
University
Participant in the
Symposium
Participant in the
Symposium
Participant in the
Symposium
Participant in the
Symposium
Participant in the
Symposium
Participant in the
Symposium
Participant in the
Symposium
Participant in the
Symposium
Participant in the
Symposium
Participant in the
Symposium
Participant in the
Symposium
Participant in the
Symposium
Participant in the
Symposium
Participant in the
Symposium
Participant in the
Symposium
Participant in the
Symposium
Participant in the
Symposium
Participant in the
Symposium
Participant in the
Symposium
Participant in the
Symposium
Participant in the
Symposium
Participant in the
Symposium
Participant in the
Symposium
Participant in the
Symposium
Participant in the
Symposium
Participant in the
Symposium
Participant in the
Symposium
Participant in the
Symposium12. International Relations

Name

Country/
RegionMelania Cubas Armas

Spain

K. D. Leka
Dae Jung Yu
Steven H. Saar
Neal Hurlburt
Jeffrey W. Reep
Nariaki Nitta
Alan Title
Sabrina Savage
David E. Mckenzie
Scott Mclntosh
Hugh Hudson
Elena Kupriyanova
Yingna Su
Lyndsay Fletcher
Alexander Morgachev
Sergei Kuznetsov
Hongyu Liu
Victor F. Melnikov
Leonid V. Filatov
Jing Huang
Chengming Tan

U.S.A.
Belgium
U.S.A.
U.S.A.

Affiliation

PeriodInstituto de Astrofísica de Canarias
NorthWest Research Associates
Catholic University of Leuven
Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory
Lockheed Martin Advanced Technology Center
Naval Research Laboratory

U.S.A.

Lockheed Martin Solar and Astrophysics
Laboratory

U.S.A.

Lockheed Martin Advance Technology
Laboratory
MSFC, NASA

U.S.A.

High Altitude Observatory of National Center for
Atmospheric Research
Space Sciences Laboratory, UCB
Catholic University of Leuven

China

Purple Mountain Observatory, Chinese
Academy of Sciences

RussiaChina

Sep. 5–8, 2016
Sep. 5–8, 2016

Sep. 5–8, 2016

Belgium

RussiaSep. 5–8, 2016

Sep. 5–8, 2016

MSFC, NASA

U.K.

Sep. 5–8, 2016

Sep. 5–8, 2016

U.S.A.

U.S.A.

Sep. 5–8, 2016
Sep. 5–8, 2016

U.S.A.

U.S.A.

Sep. 5–8, 2016

Sep. 5–8, 2016
Sep. 5–12, 2016
Sep. 5–12, 2016

University of Glasgow

Sep. 6–9, 2016
Sep. 6–10, 2016

Pulkovo Astronomical Observatory
Pulkovo Astronomical Observatory
Shandong University

Sep. 9, 2016
Sep. 9, 2016
Sep. 9–10, 2016

RussiaPulkovo Astronomical Observatory

RussiaNizhny Novgorod State University ofArchitecture and Civil Engineering

China

National Astronomical Observatories of theChinese Academy of Sciences

China

National Astronomical Observatories of theChinese Academy of Sciences
National Astronomical Observatories of theChinese Academy of Sciences
Centro de Rádio Astronomia e Astrofísica
Mackenzie (CRAAM), Presbyterian Mackenzie
University

Sep. 9–10, 2016
Sep. 9–10, 2016
Sep. 9–10, 2016
Sep. 9–10, 2016

Yihua Yan

China

Jean-Pierre Raulin

BrazilNat Gopalswamy

U.S.A.

GSFC, NASA

Sep. 9–10, 2016

Jorge Chau

Germany

Leibniz-Institute for Atmospheric Physics

Sep. 10–13, 2016

Jozsef Kota

U.S.A.

University of Arizona

Rene A. Ong

U.S.A.

UCLA

Sep. 9–10, 2016
Sep. 9–10, 2016

Sep. 14–Oct. 15, 2016
Sep. 15, 2016

Status at Nagoya
University
Participant in the
Symposium
Participant in the
Symposium
Participant in the
Symposium
Participant in the
Symposium
Participant in the
Symposium
Participant in the
Symposium
Participant in the
Symposium
Participant in the
Symposium
Participant in the
Symposium
Participant in the
Symposium
Participant in the
Symposium
Participant in the
Symposium
Participant in the
Symposium
Participant in the
Symposium
Participant in the
Symposium
Participant in the
Symposium
Participant in the
Symposium
Participant in the
Symposium
Participant in the
Symposium
Participant in the
Symposium
Participant in the
Symposium
Participant in the
Symposium
Participant in the
Symposium
Participant in the
Symposium
Participant in the
Symposium
Visitor
Foreign Collaborative
Researcher
Participant in the
Symposium

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research9912. International Relations

Name
Jie Ren※Sunil Gupta
Pravata K. Mohanty
Nader Siklawi
Syun-Ichi Akasofu
Mahboubeh Asgari-Targhi
Seung-Gu Lee
Chio Z. (Frank) Cheng
Grigory Vekstein
Segun Bolaji

Country/
RegionAffiliation

China

School of Earth and Space Sciences, Peking
University

India

Tata Institute of Fundamental Research

India

Tata Institute of Fundamental Research

LebanonMinistry of Culture, Directorate General of
Antiquities, Lebanon

U.S.A.

University of Alaska Fairbanks

U.S.A.

Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics

Korea

Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral
Resources (KIGAM)

TaiwanU.K.
Nigeria

National Cheng Kung University
University of Manchester
University of Lagos

PeriodStatus at Nagoya
University

Oct. 1, 2016–

Foreign Collaborative

Jan. 31, 2018
Oct. 3–22, 2016
Oct. 3–22, 2016
Oct. 4, 2016
Oct. 18, 2016
Oct. 20–Nov. 7, 2016
Nov. 10–11, 2016
Nov. 11, 2016
Nov. 20–Dec. 6, 2016
Nov. 22–Dec. 14 2016

Roland Takuya Tsunoda

U.S.A.

Center for Geospace Studies, SRI

Nov. 26–Dec. 3, 2016

Chen-Tung Arthur Chen

TaiwanNational Sun Yat-sen University

Nov. 27–Dec. 1, 2016

Tulasiram Sudarsanam

India

Indian Institute of Geomagnetism

Nov. 27–Dec. 3, 2016

Chaosong Huang
Mangalathayil Ali Abdu

U.S.A.

Air Force Research Laboratory

Nov. 27–Dec. 3, 2016

Researcher
Foreign Collaborative
Researcher
Foreign Collaborative
Researcher
Foreign Collaborative
Researcher
Participant in the
Symposium
Foreign Collaborative
Researcher
Foreign Collaborative
Researcher
Participant in the
Symposium
Foreign Collaborative
Researcher
Foreign Collaborative
Researcher
Participant in the
Symposium
Visiting Lecturer
Participant in the
Symposium
Participant in the
Symposium
Participant in theBrazilINPE

U.S.A.

William B. Hanson Center for Space Sciences,
The University of Texas at Dallas

Nov. 27–Dec. 3, 2016

Christina Eunjin Kong

Korea

Korea Institute of Ocean Science andTechnology

Nov. 27–Dec. 10, 2016

Foreign Trainee

Huanxin Li

China

Ocean University of China

Nov. 27–Dec. 10, 2016

Foreign Trainee

Eunbyeol Cho

Korea

Seoul National University

Nov. 27–Dec. 10, 2016

Foreign Trainee

Anna Sergeevna
Vazhova

RussiaPacific Fisheries Research Center (TINRO)

Nov. 27–Dec. 10, 2016

Foreign Trainee

Thai Duy To

Viet Nam

Marine Physic Department, Institute of
Oceanography

Nov. 27–Dec. 10, 2016

Foreign Trainee

Hydro Power Plant, Electrisity Generating
Authority of Thailand

Nov. 27–Dec. 10, 2016

Foreign Trainee

Fabiano Da Silveira
Rodrigues

Nov. 27–Dec. 3, 2016

Symposium
Participant in the
Symposium

Phattaranakorn
Nakornsantiphap

Thai

Qurnia Wulan Sari

Indonesia

Environmental Science, University of Sriwijaya

Nov. 27–Dec. 10, 2016

Foreign Trainee

Tatiana Aleksandrovna
Mikhailik

RussiaV. I. Il'ichev Pacific Oceanological Institute Laboratory of Hydrochemistry

Nov. 27–Dec. 10, 2016

Foreign Trainee

National University of Singapore

Nov. 27–Dec. 10, 2016

Foreign Trainee

Pierre and Marie Curie University, Paris 6

Nov. 28–Dec. 1, 2016

Visitor

Jerome Wai Kit Kok

Singapore

Keun-Ok Lee

FranceBrett Carter

Australia

Guozhu Li

China

SPACE Research Centre, School of Science,
Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology
University
Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese
Academy of Science

100 Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research

Nov. 28–Dec. 3, 2016
Nov. 28–Dec. 3, 2016

Participant in the
Symposium
Participant in the
Symposium12. International Relations

Name

Country/
RegionAffiliation

PeriodSukumaran Nair
Geerha Kumari Sumod

India

Department of Physics (Research & PG
DEPT.), Sacred Heart College, Mahatma
Gandhi University

Dec. 1–28, 2016

James Anderson Wild

U.K.

Lancaster University

Jan. 8–15, 2017※Mark Lester
John Michael
Ruohoniemi
Gareth Chisham
Alexandre Vasilyevich
Koustov
Aurelie Aude
Marchaudon
Evan Grier Thomas
Simon George
Shepherd
Roman Makarevich
Hsiu-Shan Yu
Bernard V. Jackson
Kyung Sun Park
Trofim Maximov
Baolin Tan
Chengming Tan
Aleksei Desiatkin
Aleksandr Fedorov
Jing Huang
Neel Prakash
Savani-Patel※
Sébastien Rougerie
Seiji Yashiro

U.K.

University of Leicester

U.S.A.

Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State
University

U.K.

Jan. 8–15, 2017

British Antarctic Survey

Jan. 8–15, 2017

CanadaUniversity of Saskatchewan

FranceInstitute de Recherche en Astrophysique etPlanétologie, CNRS

U.S.A.
U.S.A.
U.S.A.
U.S.A.
U.S.A.

Jan. 9–15, 2017

Dartmouth College
Dartmouth College

Jan. 9–15, 2017

University of Alaska Fairbanks

Jan. 10–17, 2017

CASS, UCSD

Jan. 13–20, 2017

CASS, UCSD

Jan. 13–20, 2017

Chungbuk National University

RussiaInstitute for Biological Problems of
Cryolithozone, SB RAS

ChinaNational Astronomical Observatories, Chinese
Academy of Sciences

China

National Astronomical Observatories, Chinese
Academy of Sciences

RussiaInstitute for Biological Problems of
Cryolithozone, SB RAS

Jan. 15–21, 2017

RussiaMelnikov Permafrost Institute, SB RAS

ChinaNational Astronomical Observatories, Chinese
Academy of Sciences

FranceU.S.A.

GSFC, NASA
Centre national d'études spatiales
The Catholic University of America

Bangladesh Atomic Energy Research Establishment

Nasreen Akter

Bangladesh

Rahul Mahanta
Abdul Mannan
A. Q. M. Mahbub

Bangladesh University of Engineering andTechnology

Bangladesh Jahangiragar University
India

Jan. 17–23, 2017
Jan. 17–23, 2017
Jan. 18–25, 2017
Jan. 18–25, 2017
Jan. 23–30, 2017

Jan. 26–27, 2017
Feb. 2–3, 2017
Feb. 8–17, 2017
Feb. 19–24, 2017
Feb. 19–24, 2017

Cotton University

Feb. 21, 2017

Bangladesh Bangladesh Metrological Department
Bangladesh University of Dhaka

Jan. 15–29, 2017

Jan. 23–Feb. 24, 2017

Nasir Ahmed

Shakhawat Hossain

Jan. 9–15, 2017
Jan. 9–15, 2017

Korea

U.S.A.

Jan. 8–15, 2017

Feb. 21, 2017
Feb. 21, 2017

Status at Nagoya
University
Foreign Collaborative
Researcher
Participant in the
Symposium
Participant in the
Symposium
Participant in the
Symposium
Participant in the
Symposium
Participant in the
Symposium
Participant in the
Symposium
Participant in the
Symposium
Participant in the
Symposium
Participant in the
Symposium
Foreign Collaborative
Researcher
Foreign Collaborative
Researcher
Foreign Collaborative
Researcher
Participant in the
Symposium
Foreign Collaborative
Researcher
Foreign Collaborative
Researcher
Participant in the
Symposium
Participant in the
Symposium
Foreign Collaborative
Researcher
Foreign Collaborative
Researcher
Participant in the
Symposium
Foreign Collaborative
Researcher
Foreign Trainee
Participant in the
Symposium
Participant in the
Symposium
Participant in the
Symposium
Participant in the
Symposium
Participant in the
Symposium

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research 101

12. International Relations

Name

Country/
RegionSaraju Baidya

Nepal

Department of Hydrology and Meteorology

Italy

Institute di Astrofisica Planetologia Spaziali,
Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica

Roberto Bruno
Hsiu-Shan Yu
Bernard V. Jackson

U.S.A.

Affiliation

CASS, UCSD

PeriodFeb. 28–Mar. 4, 2017

U.S.A.

High Altitude Observatory of National Center for
Atmospheric research

Zoltán Vörös

AustriaSpace Research Institute, Austrian Academy of
Sciences

Mar. 1–4, 2017

Yasuhito Narita

AustriaSpace Research Institute, Austrian Academy of
Sciences

Mar. 1–4, 2017

Feb. 28–Mar. 4, 2017
Mar. 1–3, 2017

Horia Comisel

Germany

Technische Universität Braunschweig

Mar. 1–4, 2017

Sergey Ostapchenko

GermanyFrankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies

Mar. 7–16, 2017

Imperial College of London

Mar. 10–16, 2017

Daniel Neil Baker
Jianping Gan
Yuchun Lin
Shih-Ming Huang
Kelvin Richards
Niklas Schneider
Esa Turunen
Pekka Verronen
Sung-Hong Park
Michel Wheatland

U.K.
U.S.A.

University of Colorado, Boulder

The Hong Kong University of Science andHong Kong
Technology
TaiwanNational Central University

TaiwanNational Central University

U.S.A.

International Pacific Research Center,
University of Hawaii

U.S.A.

International Pacific Research Center,
University of Hawaii

Finland

Sodankylä Geophysical Observatory, Universityof Oulu

Finland
Ireland
Australia

Finnish Meteorological Institute
Trinity College Dublin
University of Sydney

Researcher
Foreign Collaborative
Researcher
Participant in the
Symposium
Participant in the
Symposium
Participant in the
Symposium
Visitor
Participant in the
Symposium
Participant in the
Symposium
Participant in the
Symposium
Participant in theMar. 13–14, 2017

Symposium
Participant in theMar. 13–14, 2017

Symposium
Participant in theMar. 13–14, 2017

Symposium
Participant in theMar. 13–14, 2017
Mar. 13–17, 2017
Mar. 13–17, 2017

Symposium
Foreign Collaborative
Researcher
Foreign Collaborative
Researcher
Participant in theMar. 19–25, 2017

Symposium
Participant in theMar. 20–25, 2017

CASS, UCSD

Engenio Berti

Itary

University of Florence

Mar. 21–Apr. 9, 2017

Cesar La Hoz

NorwayUniversity of TromsøMar. 24–29, 2017

Chungbuk National University

Researcher
Foreign Collaborative

Mar. 13–14, 2017

U.S.A.

Korea

Symposium
Foreign Collaborative

Mar. 11–15, 2017

Hsiu-Shan Yu

Kyung Sun Park

Symposium
Participant in the

Feb. 27–Mar. 9, 2017

CASS, UCSD

Erik van SebilleParticipant in the

Feb. 21, 2017

U.S.A.

Matthias Rempel

Status at Nagoya
University

Mar. 21–28, 2017

Mar. 27–31, 2017

Symposium
Foreign Collaborative
Researcher
Visitor
Foreign Collaborative
Researcher
Foreign Collaborative
Researcher

Foreign Visiting Staff※

102 Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research

12. International Relations

Seminars by Foreign Visitors
Date

Apr. 12, 2016

Name

Affiliation

Title

Nguyen Khoa Son

Mini-workshop on “Towards a collaboration for ocean researchfrom space between Vietnam and Japan”
Vietnam National Space“Vietnam national program for space research: some results of theProgramfirst phase and plans of the second phase that will be started in2016”

Nguyen Huu
Huan

Institute offrom space between Vietnam and Japan”
Oceanography, Vietnam“Introduction of human resources and some results of
Academy of Scienceoceanography researches focused on modelling and remoteand Technology

Tong Phuoc
Hoang Son

Institute of
Oceanography, Vietnam
Academy of Scienceand Technology

Tran Van Chung

Institute offrom space between Vietnam and Japan”
Oceanography, Vietnam“Study on oceanography modelling in the Institute of
Academy of Science
Oceanography focus on hydrodynamical characteristics in the
and Technology

Number ofParticipant11

Mini-workshop on “Towards a collaboration for ocean research

Apr. 12, 201611

sensing”

Apr.12, 2016

Mini-workshop on “Towards a collaboration for ocean researchfrom space between Vietnam and Japan”“Study on marine ecosystems by remote sensing technologies in
VietNam for focused on Ninh Thuan – Binh Thuan waters”

11

Mini-workshop on “Towards a collaboration for ocean research

Apr. 13, 201611

upwelling waters of South of VietNam”

May 20, 2016

David Tsiklauri

Takanobu
Jun. 15, 2016
Yamaguchi

Queen Mary Universityof London, U.K.

Special Seminar“Damping of Alfven waves and associated particle acceleration in
the inhomogeneous coronal and solar wind plasmas”

15Earth System ResearchLaboratory of National
Oceanic andAtmospheric
Administration, U.S.A.

6th ISEE/CICR Colloquium“Stratocumulus to cumulus transition in the presence of elevatedsmoke layers”

16

ISEE Solar Meeting

Jun. 21, 2016

Andrew Hiller

University of Cambridge,“Variations in the Axisymmetric Transport of Magnetic Elements
U.K.

15

Jun. 30, 2016

Maria D.
Kazachenko

Space Sciences“Electric Fields on the Sun:
Laboratory, UCB, U.S.A.

Special Solar Seminar at ISEEHow Can We Determine Them and
Why Should We Care?”15

Jul. 7, 2016

Chin-Ho TsaiNational Dong Hwa
University, Taiwan

Structural Petrology Group Seminar“Tailuko and Yuli metamorphic belts of Taiwan”

14

Jul. 8, 2016

Lei Cai※

JSPS Postdoctoral
Fellowships for
Research in Japan

Friday Seminar of Division for Ionospheric and MagnetosphericResearch“Electromagnetic energy input to the high-latitude ionosphere”

29

Jul. 25, 2016

Zhang Bing

Chinese Academy of
Sciences

Institute Seminar“Introduction of Optical Remote Sensing Research in RADI”

13

Aug. 3, 2016

Michael Bell

University of Hawaii at
Manoa, U.S.A.

7th ISEE/CICR Colloquium“Aircraft Observations of Tropical Cyclones: Past, Present, andFuture”

29

Michael Bell

University of Hawaii at
Manoa, U.S.A.

Typhoon Seminar 2016
“Aircraft Observations of Tropical Cyclones: Past, Present, andFuture!”32

Sep. 12, 2016

Jorge Chau

Leibniz Institute ofAtmospheric Physics at
the Rostock University,
Germany

8th ISEE/CICR Colloquium“Unusual 5-m E region field-aligned irregularities observed from
Northern Germany during the magnetic storm of March 17, 2015”25

Sep. 15, 2016

Rene A. Ong

UCLA, U.S.A.

9th ISEE/CICR Colloquium“The Future of Very High Energy Astrophysics”

30

Sep. 27, 2016

Hisao Takahashi※

INPE, Brazil

10th ISEE/CICR Colloquium“Ionospheric Plasma Bubble Study in Brazil: Today’s Aspect”

22

Aug. 4, 2016
Aug. 5, 2016

on the Sun”

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research 103

12. International Relations

Date

Name

Affiliation

Title

Number ofParticipant

Oct. 10, 2016

Nanan Balan※

University of Sheffield,
U.K.

11th ISEE/CICR Colloquium“Severe space weather and its relevance to the High-Tech society(1/2) ”

29

Oct. 12, 2016

Jozsef Kota

University of Arizona,
U.S.A.

12th ISEE/CICR Colloquium“Voyager 1 observations in the interstellar space”

20

Oct. 14, 2016

Antti Ensio Kero※

Sodankylä GeophysicalObservatory Universityof Oulu, Finland

13th ISEE/CICR Colloquium“D-region ionization characteristics inverted from ground based
electron density measurements”

22

Oct. 18, 2016

Syun-Ichi
Akasofu

International Arctic
Research Center(IARC), University of
Alaska Fairbanks,
U.S.A.

Substorm Seminar“No direct connection: The magnetotail and auroral substorms”

20

Oct. 18, 2016

Syun-Ichi
Akasofu

International Arctic
Research Center(IARC), University of
Alaska Fairbanks,
U.S.A.

14th ISEE/CICR Colloquium“The future of global warming and the forthcoming Big Ice Age”

25

Oct. 25, 2016

Mahboubeh
Asgari-Targhi

Harvard-Smithsonian
Center for Astrophysics,
U.S.A.

ISEE Solar Seminar“Characterizing the modeling and observations of coronal heating”

13

Oct. 28, 2016

Nanan Balan※

University of Sheffield,
U.K.

Friday Seminar of Division for Ionospheric and MagnetosphericResearch“Severe space weather and its relevance to the High-Techsociety(2/2) ”

20

Nov. 1, 2016

Jeongwoo Lee※

15th ISEE/CICR Colloquium“Study of solar flares inside a large magnetic fan structure with
NoRH observations”

18

Nov. 11, 2016

Chio Z. (Frank)
Cheng

16th ISEE/CICR Colloquium“Driven magnetic reconnection processes”

16

Nov. 25, 2016

Segun Bolaji

Friday Seminar of Division for Ionospheric and MagnetosphericResearch“SSW connects the lower with upper atmosphere and modelling
efforts”

27

Nov. 30, 2016

Keun-Ok Lee

Université
Pierre-et-Marie-Curie,Psaris 06, France

17th ISEE/CICR Colloquium“Heavy precipitation events around Mediterranean Sea and field
campaign“16Nov. 30, 2016

Chen-Tung
Arthur Chen

National Sun Yat-sen

26th IHP Training Course, Key Note Lecture“Melting Tibetan Ice Shield”

39

Friday Seminar of Division for Ionospheric and MagnetosphericResearch“Ionospheric plasma bubbles and MSTID: what we learned fromthe ISEE workshop”

20

Department of Physics(Research & PG DEPT.） Friday Seminar of Division for Ionospheric and Magnetospheric
Sacred Heart College,
Research
Mahatma Gandhi“Coupling processes in the equatorial upper atmosphere”
University, India

18

Dec. 9, 2016

Hisao Takahashi※

Sukumaran Nair
Dec. 16, 2016 Geerha Kumari
Sumod※

Seoul National
University, Korea
National Cheng Kung
University, Taiwan

University of Lagos,
Nigeria

University, Taiwan

INPE, Brazil

Jan. 20, 2017

Baolin Tan

National Astronomical
Observatories, Chinese
Academy of Sciences

Special Seminar“Solar microwave type III bursts and the diagnostics of flaring
source regions”

6

Jan. 20, 2017

Chengming Tan

National Astronomical
Observatories, Chinese
Academy of Sciences

Special Seminar“Study of the radio quiet Sun”

6

Jan. 20, 2017

Kyung Sun Park

Special Seminar“A small scale magnetic flux ropes in solar wind; early stages of
the research”

15

Chungbuk Nationa
University, Korea

104 Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research

12. International Relations

Date

Name

Affiliation

Number ofParticipant

Title
Special Seminar“The study on the emission of energetic electrons by using theobservations of MUSER and NoRH”

5

18th ISEE/CICR Colloquium“Effects of refractive index of the ionosphere on characteristics ofSuperDARN echoes”

29

19th ISEE/CICR Colloquium“Inversion and Interpretation of Ground Magnetic Data, Including
Impulsive Events”

25

20th ISEE/CICR Colloquium“Large-Scale Structure and Dynamics of the Sub-Auroral
Polarization Stream (SAPS)”

30

Bangladesh Universityof Engineering andTechnology

International workshop for climate variability and related studies
over North East Indian subcontinent“Climatology of Indian dry line and its effect on cyclogenesis overthe Bay of Bengal”

20

Jahangirnagar
University, BangladeshInternational workshop for climate variability and related studies
over North East Indian subcontinent“Climatic variability, extreme rainfall events and landslide hazards
in the south-eastern folded part of Bangladesh”

20

Rahul Mahanta

Cotton University, India

International workshop for climate variability and related studies
over North East Indian subcontinent“Rainfall variability and extremes in northeast India”

20

Abdul Mannan

Bangladesh
Meteorological
Department

International workshop for climate variability and related studies
over North East Indian subcontinent“Prediction of Heavy Rainfall associated with a landfalling cyclone‘Roanu’ in Bangladesh”

20

A. Q. M. Mahbub

University of Dhaka,BangladeshInternational workshop for climate variability and related studies
over North East Indian subcontinent“Disaster Management Education Training & Research at Tertiary
Level : Challenges of Regional and International Cooperation and
Networking”

20

Feb. 21, 2017

Saraju Baidya

Department ofHydrology andMeteorology, Nepal

International workshop for climate variability and related studies
over North East Indian subcontinent“Nepal monsoon rainfall variability, its teleconnection andpredictability”

20

Feb. 22, 2017

Neel Prakash
Savani-Patel※

GFSC, NASA, U.S.A.

Integrated Studies Seminar“Skill testing of SUSANOO forecasting and how to use NASAiSWA data forresearch”

30

Mar. 2, 2017

Matthias Rempel

High Altitude
Observatory of National
Center for AtmosphericResearch, U.S.A.

Special Seminar“Coronal extension of the MURaM radiative MHD code: From
quiet sun to flare simulations”

18

Mar. 8, 2017

SergeyOstapchenko

Frankfurt Institute forAdvanced Studies,
Germany

CR Group Seminar“LHC results and cosmic ray composition problems”

15

Mar. 15, 2017

Erik van Sebille

Imperial College
London, U.K.

Ocean Environment Guest Seminar“Our plastic oceans: sources, risks and possible solutions ofmarine litter”

21

Mar. 27, 2017

Eugenio Berti

CR Group Seminar“CaloCube: a new approach for the detection of high energy
cosmic rays in space”

9

Mar. 27, 2017

Cesar La Hoz

21th ISEE/CICR Colloquium“Tutorial on PMSE and PMSE modification by RF heating
including recent results”

9National Astronomical
Observatories, Chinese
Academy of Sciences

Jan. 24, 2017

Jing Huang

Feb. 3, 2017

Pavlo
Ponomarenko※

Feb. 10, 2017

Martin Connors※

Feb. 17, 2017

Joseph BenjaminInstitute and State
Harold Baker※

University of
Saskatchewan, Canada
Athabasca University,
CanadaVirginia Polytechnic
University, U.S.A.

Feb. 21, 2017

Nasreen Akter

Shakhawat
Feb. 21, 2017
HossainFeb. 21, 2017

Feb. 21, 2017

Feb. 21, 2017

University of Florence,
Italy
UiT The Arctic Universityof Norway

Foreign Visiting Staff※

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research 105

12. International Relations＜Abbreviations＞
APL:
CASS:
CEA;
CEILAP:
CERN:
CESR:
CETP:
CNRS:
EISCAT:
ESA:
GSFC:
IFSI:
IKFIA:
INFN:
INPE:
IPS:
IPSL:
ISTP:
IZMIRAN:JHU:KASI:
LAPAN:LOFAR:
LPC2E:MSFC:
NASA:
SB RAS:SCOSTEP：
UCB:
UCI:
UCLA:
UCSC:
UCSD:

Applied Physics Laboratory
Center for Astrophysics and Space Sciences
French Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission
Centro de Investigaciones en Láseres y Aplicaciones
Conseil Européen pour la Recherche Nucléaire/European Organization for Nuclear ResearchCentre d'Etude Spatiale des Rayonnements
Centre d'étude des environnements terrestres et planétaires
Centre National de la Recherche ScientifiqueEuropean Incoherent Scatter Scientific Association
European Space Agency
Goddard Space Flight Center
Istituto di Fisica dello Spazio Interplanetario
Institute of Cosmophysical Research and Aeronom
Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare
Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais/Brazilian Institute of Space Research
Ionospheric Prediction Services
Institut Pierre-Simon Laplace
Institute of Solar-Terrestrial Physics
Pushkov Institute of Terrestrial Magnetism, Ionosphere and Radio Wave Propagation
Johns Hopkins University
Korea Astronomy and Space Science InstituteLembaga Penerbangan dan Antariksa Nasional/National Institute of Aeronautics and Space
Low Frequency Array
Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie de l’Environnement et de l’Espace
Marshall Space Flight Center
National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of sciences
Scientific Committee on Solar Terrestrial Physics
University of California, Berkeley
University of California, Irvine
University of California, Los Angeles
University of California, Santa Cruz
University California, San Diego

106 Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research13. Outreach

13. Outreach
Public Lectures, Open Labs, and School Visits
ISEE members have contributed to public education through 39 lecture visits, 7 public lectures at the university, 6
open laboratory events, 9 receipts of high-school student visits.
ISEE and former STEL have continued a close relationship with the town of Rikubetsu in Hokkaido since 2003.
Public lectures were held on November 11, 2016 at Rikubetsu Elementary School and on November 26, 2016 at
Rikubetsu Junior High School. Public laboratory demonstrations were presented on November 12, 2016 at the
Rikubetsu Space Earth Science Museum.
Two public lectures took place in foreign countries. One public lecture was held on September 9, 2016 at École
Secondaire Cité des Jeunes, Ontario, Canada as a part of the PWING project, and Jannuary 26, 2017, a lecture forjunior-high school student was held at Jens Haven Memorial School, Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada.
ISEE distributes a series of booklets that answer 50 questions on various topics, as well as informative comic
books related to space–Earth subject matter for the public.
The website of ISEE (http://www.isee.nagoya-u.ac.jp/) continues to publish the most up-to-date activities andoutcomes of the laboratory science to the public.

Public lecture on the ISEE open laboratory (June 4, 2016).

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research 107

Addresses of Facilities
Location
NagoyaName①

ISEE ResearchInstitutes Buildings I/II

Toyokawa

Hokkaido②③

Address
Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8601

Toyokawa Branch

3-13 Honohara, Toyokawa-shi, Aichi 442-8507

Moshiri Observatory

Moshiri, Horokanai, Uryu, Hokkaido 074-0741
345 Uenbetsu, Rikubetsu-cho, Ashoro-gun,④
Rikubetsu
Observatory

TEL/FAX
TEL:+81-52-747-6303
FAX:+81-52-747-6313
TEL:+81-533-89-5206
FAX:+81-533-86-0811
TEL:+81-165-38-2345
FAX:+81-165-38-2345
TEL:+81-156-27-8103

Hokkaido 089-4301
58-1, 78-1, 78-5, 129-1, 129-4 Pontomamu,

TEL:+81-156-27-4011

Rikubetsu-cho, Ashoro-gun, Hokkaido 089-4300
Yamanashi

Kagoshima⑤
Fuji Observatory⑥

1347-2 Fujigane, Fujikawaguchiko-machi,

TEL:+81-555-89-2829

Minamitsuru-gun, Yamanashi 401-0338

Kagoshima

3860-1 Honjo, Tarumizu-shi, Kagoshima 891-

Observatory

2112

TEL:+81-994-32-0730