Japan’s Vision of Goho (Legal) -wood andInternational Cooperation

GLOBE Illegal Logging Dialogue
Co-chair: Masayoshi YoshinoJapanese View of Nature
Co-existence between
nature and human-beings
Living safely bypreservation of Nature

Sustainable use ofnatural resources
Not only use the forest resources,
but also protect and nurture themTropical Deforestation at an Alarming Rate

Conversion tofarm land
Overharvesting

Forest FireIllegal Logging

Tropical Deforestation Accounts fornearly 20% of Global Emissions of Greenhouse Gas

What is Illegal Logging...
Generally speaking, illegal logging is the harvest, transportation, purchase, or sale of timberin violation of national laws and has a complex background.

No Confirmed Definition of Illegal Logging
Harvest in Violation of Laws and Regulations ...
・in excess of planed volume, designated species, diameter class, specified harvestingprocedures, or designated purpose of the forest management plan・without permission or property rights
・from protected areas including national parks
People Involved
・economic crime committed by firms
・personal consumption by local residents such as traditional use

Gleneagles Plan of Action:
Climate Change, Clean Energy, and Sustainable Development
36．We recognise the impact that illegal logging has on the livelihoods of many in the poorest
countries in Africa and elsewhere, on environmental degradation, biodiversity loss, deforestation,and hence global sustainable development. We particularly recognise the importance of global
carbon sinks, including the Congo Basin and the Amazon.

37. We agree that working to tackle illegal logging is an important step towards the sustainable
management of forests. To tackle this issue effectively requires action from both timber-producing
and timber-consuming countries.

38. We endorse the outcome of the G8 Environment and Development Ministerial conference onillegal logging. To further our objectives in this area we will promote the conclusions endorsed at thatmeeting, with each country acting where it can contribute most effectively.

（July 2005）

G8 Environment and Development Ministerial Declaration

1．To assist producer countries in their efforts to tackle illegal logging and associatedtrade
2．To take steps to control illegal logging and associated trade through voluntarybilateral trade agreements or other arrangements, consistent with WTO rules
3．To encourage, adopt, or extend public procurement policies favoring legal timber
4．To request our experts to meet in 2006, to review progress towards thecommitments, share lessons on actions to tackle illegal logging, and make their findings
available

Basic Policy of Japanin Addressing the Issue of Illegal Logging
Japan has constantly advocated the significance of the issue of illegal logging, based upon
the principle that “illegally harvested timber should not be used” since the G8
Kyushu-Okinawa Summit in 2000.
Based on the result of the G8 Gleneagles Summit in 2005, Japan announced a Climate
Change Initiative.
JAPAN’S CLIMATEJAPAN’S
CLIMATECHANGE
CHANGEINITIATIVEINITIATIVE・・Introduce
Introduceaagovernment
governmentprocurement
procurementpolicy
policyinin
accordance
accordancewith
withthethe“Law“LawononPromoting
PromotingGreen
GreenPurchasing”
Purchasing”
・・PromotePromoteworking
workingout
outaasharedsharedvoluntary
voluntarycode
codeofofconduct
conducttotohalt
haltthetheimport
importandandmarketing
marketingofof
illegally
illegallyharvested
harvestedwood
woodandandwood
woodproducts
products
・・Develop
Developaatraceability
traceabilitysystem,
system,establish
establish
monitoring
monitoringsystemssystems
・Contribute・Contributetotoadvancing
advancingdiscussion
discussionamong
amongG8G8
expertsexperts

Policies and Measures on Illegal Logging
Bilateral
Bilateral cooperationcooperation
Japan-Indonesia：
Japan-Indonesia：•• Develop
Develop forest
forest monitoring
monitoring
technology
technology withwith thethe use
use ofof satellite
satellite
imaging
imaging•• Develop
Develop aa log
log traceability
traceability systemsystemwithwith thethe use
use ofof 2D
2D barbar codes
codes
Regional
Regional cooperationcooperation
Asia
Asia Forest
Forest Partnership
Partnership （AFP）：（AFP）：•• Develop
Develop minimum
minimum standardsstandards ofof
legalitylegality andand legality
legality verification
verification
systems
systems among
among AFP
AFP partners
partners•• Foster
Foster thethe exchange
exchange ofof information
information
among
among AFP
AFP partners
partners andand withwith other
other
initiatives
initiatives

MultilateralMultilateral cooperationcooperation
InternationalInternational TropicalTropical Timber
TimberOrganization
Organization （ITTO）：（ITTO）：•• Support
Support projects
projects forfor promotion
promotion andandeducation
education regarding
regarding legal
legal logging
logging andandverification
verification ofof thethe legality
legality ofof timber
timberGovernment
Government Procurement
Procurement
GreenGreen Purchasing
Purchasing Policy：
Policy：•• Introduce
Introduce aa newnew systemsystem toto givegive priority
priority totogovernment
government procurement
procurement ofof wood
wood andandwood
wood products
products identified
identified forfor their
their legality
legalityandand sustainability
sustainability （from（from April
April 2006）
2006）(Issue(Issue aa guideline
guideline providing
providing verification
verification
modalities
modalities forfor legality)
legality)Japan-Indonesia Bilateral Cooperation(Development of a traceability system in a timber-producing country)

Input log information tohandheld terminal

Print labels with 2D-code

Attach labels to log andstump, respectively

Duplicate label to be safe

Label on a log at a lumberyard

Scan 2D-code to gather
Print out the list of logs
and register log information on site based on the(small taint doesn’t hamper scanning)
scanned data

An Example of Japan’s Contribution through ITTO:
Planting and Human Resource Development for Ramin (Gonystylus spp.)
Ramin (Gonystylus spp.)-Distributed in lowlands/swamps of Sumatra, Kalimantan and peninsular Malaysia- Sawn wood for furniture and joinery: exported widely due to its good quality-Rapid disappearance caused by illegal logging, including from national parks-Listed in CITES Appendix IIFinancing

ITTO project implemented by Ministry of Forestry, Indonesia- Review and revise therelevant regulations andpolicies as appropriate- Development andpromotion of planting
methods for Ramin- Training for officials offorest stations and customs

Conservation of Ramin Species and ecosystems
Elimination of illegal logging targeting Ramin

Japan’s Government Procurement Policy （Green Purchasing Law）
Law Concerning the Promotion of Procurement of Eco-friendly Goods
and Services by the State and Other Entities（2000）-To encourage the state and public sector to procure eco-friendly goods-To provide information on eco-friendly goods→ In order to encourage a shift in demand towards eco-friendly goods and toestablish a society enjoying sustainable development with lower environmental impact

Basic Policy （Cabinet Decision, 2006）- List of eco-friendly goods- Environmental requirements for designated procurement goods.
- Method for setting procurement targets

obligatory

non-obligatory

National Ministries, Agencies, etc.

Local Governments and Institutions-Make and publicize a Green
Procurement Policy-Make a Green Procurement Polity（obligation to make efforts）-Announce the results of green
procurement

Businesses and Citizens- Select eco-friendly goods as far aspossible（general responsibility）

Guideline for Verification of Legality andSustainability of Wood and Wood Productsz Definition of Legality and Sustainability- Legality: timber harvested in a legal manner consistent
with procedures in the forest laws of the timber-producing
countries and areas- Sustainability: timber harvested from forests undersustainable managementz Methods of Verification- Forest certification system and chain of custody system- Verification method by company under the authorizationof associations- Self-verification method by independent measures ofeach companyz Assessment and Review

Actions against illegal logging by Forest Industry Associations

Permission

CERT

CERT

application

Governments, Consumers

Forest
Owner

LoggingCompany
Distributor・Saw millDistribution Map Authorized
Goho-wood and Wood
Products Providers
One Pin = 20 Companies

Authorized by Prefectural
Timber Industry Associations
Authorized by Regional
Logging Company Assoc.,
Chip Industry Assoc.
Authorized by Prefectural
Forest Owners Assoc.

authorization

1. Declare against illegal logging
2. Make & publish authorization procedure
3. Authorize & announce their members
as Goho-wood providers

Authorized Goho-wood andWood Products Providers

4. Announce implemented actions
against illegal logging by the associations

Authorized Associations : 133
Authorized Industries : 6,980

Summary of Goho-woodz Goho-wood is supplied through chains of custody

managed by Goho-wood providers. Authorization
may be by any third party organization, including
industry associations, as long as their authorization
procedure is transparent.
– (Efficient system by using an industry-association-basedformat)
z The chains are connected by Goho-woodcertifications issued and attached to the timber by
Goho-wood providers. This written certification isnecessary regardless of whether the timber isdomestic or imported or from either “high risk” or“low risk” regions, without exception.
– (Mandatory written certification based on the policy of nodiscrimination, no exception)

Challenges Ahead
１．Expand green procurement policies favoring legal
wood and wood products from the public to the private
sector
２． Create incentives for selective use of Goho (legal) wood
３．Improve credibility and transparency of timberverification schemes
４．Establish systems for exchange of information
between and among timber- producing and consumingcountries

The G8 Forest Experts’ Report on Illegal Logging （Main Points）
・Promote expansion and development of bilateral and multilateral frameworks
and dialogue between timber- exporting and –importing countries, involving timberprocessing countries.
・Encourage, adopt, improve, or extend public timber procurement policies thatfavor legal timber, influence the private sector to use legally sourced timber, and shareexperience of this with others.
・Explore with partner countries developing and using systems for tracking origins
and the flow of timber.
・Explore developing a global monitoring network for forests, deforestation, forest
degradation, and illegal logging based on ongoing national and international earth
observation initiatives and forest monitoring and assessment processes.
・Reflect discussion of and lessons learnt from combating illegal logging in thediscussion on Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation(REDD) as appropriate, recognizing that substantial progress on forest governance cancontribute significantly to making progress on REDD. Strengthen coordination withrelevant policies, in particular land-use policies, including agriculture and biofuel policies.

Summary

1. Combating illegal logging is an important global andcollaborative action for implementation of the sustainable
forest management as well as addressing the key
environmental issues such as climate change and conservationof biological diversity.
2．It is crucial issue to encourage utilization of the verified legal
timber and eliminate illegal one from the market.
The activities of Goho-wood which provide efficientestablishment of chain-of-custody with written certificationfrom place of origin by using existing supply chain may be
accepted internationally as one of the effective measuresagainst illegal logging and its associated trade.

Work together...
aiming for implementation of global-scale environmental conservationand sustainable forest management!
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