ŌņŌĮŊŔŔő ‫ވ‬൳࠺୭໦࢕‫ܕ‬ȶࣞ໦ٜෝΙοΛΩȜ໦࢕‫ܕ‬ȷ͈ࠐ֌͂࠺୭ે‫!̞̀̾ͅޙ‬ಎ଻ঊ‫ݪࡄڠش‬ঔ୭! ! ऎ൥! స!
ᩭ⎕⎈ဳࡄ࡞ࠬਛᕈሶḮ J-PARC/MLF ߪ 2008 ᐕ 5 ᦬ߦೋਛᕈሶࡆ࡯ࡓߩ⊒↢ߦᚑഞߒ‫ޔ‬2015 ᐕ㗃ߩ⸘↹಴ജ
1MW ㆐ᚑᤨߦߪ਎⇇ᦨ㜞ࠢ࡜ࠬߩടㅦེ㚟േဳਛᕈሶḮߣߥࠆ੐߇੍ᗐߐࠇߡ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ᓥߞߡ J-PARC/MLF ߪᒝᐲߩ೙㒢ࠍᏱߦฃߌߡ޿ߚਛᕈሶ‛⾰⑼ቇ⎇ⓥߦ഍⊛ߥㅴᱠࠍ߽ߚࠄߔ߽ߩߣᄢ߈ߊᦼᓙߐࠇߡ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ᚒ‫‛ޘ‬ᕈ⎇ⓥᚲ㒝ዻਛᕈሶ⑼ቇ⎇ⓥᣉ⸳ߢ߽ߎߩᣂᤨઍߩਛᕈሶḮߦ㕖ᒢᕈᢔੂಽశེࠍᑪ⸳ߒਛᕈሶ⑼ቇߩࡈࡠࡦ࠹ࠖࠕࠍ㐿ᜏߔߴߊߎ
ࠇㄥദജߒߡ߈߹ߒߚ‫ޔࠄ߇ߥߒ߆ߒޕ‬ᤓ੹ߩ⽷᡽⁁ᴫߢߪන⁛ᑪ⸳ߩ⋡ಣ߇┙ߚߕ‫ޔ‬ᄙ᭽ߥㆬᛯ⢇ࠍᔨ㗡ߦน⢻ᕈࠍតߞߚߣߎࠈ‫ޔ‬ᐔᚑ 20 ᐕᐲ⵬ᱜ੍▚ߦ߅޿ߡ‫ޔ‬㜞ࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯ടㅦེ⎇ⓥᯏ᭴ KEK ߣߩ౒หᑪ⸳ߣߒߡ J-PARC ‛⾰↢๮⑼ቇ⎇ⓥᣉ⸳ߩࡆ࡯ࡓ࡜ࠗࡦ 12 ⇟ BL12 ߦ㜞ಽ⸃⢻࠴࡚࠶ࡄ࡯ಽశེ HRC ࠍᑪ⸳ߔࠆ੐߇⹺߼ࠄࠇ߹ߒߚ‫ޕ‬
HRC ߪ KEK ‛⾰᭴ㅧ⑼ቇ⎇ⓥᚲߩદ⮮᤯৻ಎᢎ᝼ࠍਛᔃߣߔࠆࠣ࡞࡯ࡊߦࠃࠅ‫ޔ‬ᢥሼㅢࠅ㕖Ᏹߦ㜞޿ࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯ಽ
⸃⢻ࠍ㆐ᚑߔߴߊ⸳⸘ߐࠇߚಽశེߢߔ‫ޕ‬ਥⷐߥⵝ⟎ࡄ࡜ࡔ࡯࠲ࠍ⴫ 1 ߦ␜ߒ߹ߔ‫ᧄޕ‬ಽశེߩᄢ߈ߥ․ᓽߢ޽ࠆࠛࡀ
࡞ࠡ࡯ಽ⸃⢻ߪ 'E/Ei = 1% એਅߣ⸳⸘ߐࠇߡ޿߹ߔ߇‫ߩߎߪࠇߎޔ‬⒳ߩಽశེߣߒߡߪ਎⇇ᦨ㜞ࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯ಽ⸃⢻ߢߔ‫౉ޔ߼ߚߩߎޕ‬኿ࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯ (Ei) ࠍ㜞ߊߒߡ߽㜞ಽ⸃⢻ࠍ଻ߟ੐߇น⢻ߢ޽ࠅ‫ޔ‬หᤨߦᵄᢙ (Q) ⓨ㑆ߩಽ⸃⢻߽㜞ߊ಴᧪߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ᓥߞߡ‫ࠇߎޔ‬ㄥಽ⸃⢻߇⿷ࠅߕ⹦⚦ߩ⼏⺰ߢ߈ߥ߆ߞߚ⒳‫ߩޘ‬ബ⿠ࡕ࡯࠼ߩ⸃᣿߇ㅴ߻ߣᦼᓙߐࠇ߹ߔ‫৻ޕ‬ᣇߢ‫‛ޔ‬ᕈ⎇߇⸘↹ߒߡ޿ߚਛಽ⸃⢻㜞ᒝᐲߣ޿߁ᕈ⢻ߪ‫‛ޔ‬ᕈ⎇஥߇ᜂᒰߔࠆᄢᒝᐲൻ⸳஻‫ޔ‬ᄢᒝᐲࡕ࡯࠼↪ࡈࠚ࡞ࡒ࠴࡚࠶ࡄ࡯ ਛᕈሶන⦡ⵝ⟎ ߅ࠃ߮ᄢ┙૕ⷺᬌ಴ེߩዉ౉ߦࠃࠅ⏕଻ߐࠇࠆ⷗ㅢߒ߇┙ߜ߹ߒߚ‫ޕ‬ታ㓙‫ޔ‬ᣂߚߦ⸳⸘ߐࠇ
ߚᄢᒝᐲࡕ࡯࠼ߦኻߔࠆࡕࡦ࠹ࠞ࡞ࡠᴺࠍ↪޿ߚⵝ⟎ࠪࡒࡘ࡟࡯࡚ࠪࡦߢߪ‫‛ޔ‬ᕈ⎇න⁛⸘↹ߣ߶߷ห╬ߩ⹜ᢱ૏⟎ਛᕈሶ᧤߇ᓧࠄࠇߡ޿߹ߔ‫ᧄޕ‬ಽశེ߇ታ⃻ߔࠆ sub eV-eV 㜞ࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯㗔ၞߢߩ㜞ᒝᐲ㕖ᒢᕈᢔੂߪ‫‛ޔ‬ᕈ⎇߇⃻࿷ᚲ᦭ߔࠆේሶἹ 3 ゲဳಽశེߢߪ㔍ߒ޿㗔ၞߢ޽ࠅ‫ޔ‬ේሶἹⵝ⟎⟲ߣ⋧⵬⊛ߢ޽ࠆߣ޿߁ᗧ๧ߢ߽㕖Ᏹߦ᦭ലߢ޽ࠆߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬Beam LineBL12Moderator

Decoupled liquid H2

Planned detector coverage (vertical)-19°㨪20°

Planned detector coverage (horizontal)-31°㨪124°

Sample size

50mmX50mm (max)Incident energy

1㨪2000meV

Energy resolution ('E/Ei)

1㨪5% (chopper dependent)ⵝ⟎ߩᑪ⸳ߪ㗅⺞ߦㅴࠎߢ߅ࠅ‫‛ޔ‬ᕈ⎇஥ᜂᒰㇱಽߦ㑐ߒߡ߽ᕆࡇ࠶࠴ߢ⸳⟎߇ㅴࠎߢ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ᐔᚑ 21 ᐕ 10 ᦬ߦߪᄢ┙૕ⷺᬌ಴ེߩ৻ㇱߩ⸳⟎߇ቢੌߒ߹ߒߚ ࿑ 1 ‫੹ޕ‬ᓟ߽ᐔᚑ 21 ᐕᐲౝߦᄢᒝᐲൻ⸳஻ ਛᕈሶࠟࠗ࠼ࠬ࡯ࡄ࡯ࡒ
࡜࡯㧕‫ޔ‬ᄢ┙૕ⷺᬌ಴ེ↪ࠛ࡟ࠢ࠻ࡠ࠾ࠢࠬ‫߇╬࡯ࡄ࠶࡚࠴ࡒ࡞ࠚࡈޔ‬ዉ౉ߐࠇࠆ੍ቯߢߔ‫ޕ‬ᱷᔨߥ߇ࠄਛᕈሶᬌ಴ེߦ
૶↪ߔࠆ 3He ࠟࠬߩଔᩰ߇㜞㛛ࠍ⛯ߌߡ߅ࠅ‫ޔ‬ᔅⷐߥᄢ┙૕ⷺᬌ಴ེోߡߩዉ౉ߦߪᤨ㑆߇߆߆ࠆ⷗ㄟߺߢߔ߇‫ޔ‬ᐔᚑ
22 ᐕᐲߦߪᢔੂⷺ 40 ᐲએਅߩᬌ಴ེߩ૶↪ߦࠃࠅᐢ޿‛ᕈታ㛎ߩታᣉ߇น⢻ߦߥࠆ੍ቯߢߔ‫ޕ‬1ᧄⵝ⟎ߪ J-PARC ࠮ࡦ࠲࡯ߩ౒ห೑↪೙ᐲࠍㅢߓߡ৻⥸౒↪ߐࠇࠆ੍ቯߢ޽ࠅ‫⺖⺧↳ޔ‬㗴ߪ J-PARC ߢߩ⺖㗴ክᩏࠍ⚻ߡ‛ᕈ⎇ਛᕈሶ߽ߒߊߪ KEK ‛᭴⎇ࠬ࠲࠶ࡈߩࠨࡐ࡯࠻ߩరߢታᣉߐࠇ߹ߔ‫৻ޕ‬ᣇߢ‫ᧄޔ‬ಽశེߩⵝ⟎⺖㗴ߦ㑐ߒߡߪ‫‛ޔ‬ᕈ⎇஥ߪ IRT ⺖㗴ߣߒߡ‫ޔ‬KEK ‛᭴⎇஥ߪ S ဳ⺖㗴ߣߒߡ౒ห౏൐ߐࠇ߹ߔ‫‛ޔߚ߹ޕ‬ᕈ⎇஥ߩ IRT ⺖㗴ߦ㑐ߒߡߪࠦࡒࡘ࠾࠹ࠖ࡯߆ࠄߩ౒ห⎇ⓥឭ᩺ࠍฃߌઃߌࠆ⓹ญࠍ⸳ߌࠆ੍ቯߢߔ‫᧪ޔߦ߁ࠃߩߎޕ‬ᐕᐲ߆ࠄ HRC ߣ޿߁ᣂߒߊᒝജߥ‛ᕈ⎇ⓥᚻᲑ߇ㅊടߐࠇ߹ߔ‫‛ޕ‬ᕈࠦࡒࡘ࠾࠹ࠖ࡯߆ࠄߩⓍᭂ⊛ߥߏ೑↪ߣߏᡰេࠍ߅㗿޿↳ߒ਄ߍ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬࿑ 1: Ꮐ 㜞ಽ⸃⢻࠴࡚࠶ࡄ࡯ಽశེߣ ฝ ᄢ┙૕ⷺᬌ಴ེ⸳⟎૞ᬺ㘑᥊

2໤଻ࡄͅ಍හ̱̀

ܴൽ༶ৣ໤଻ࡄ‫ݪ‬ঔ୭! ! ५ུ! ో!
2009 ᐕ 10 ᦬ 16 ᣣઃߌߢ゠㆏᡼኿‛ᕈ⎇ⓥᣉ⸳࡮᠞⏴ಽቶߩഥᢎߣߒߡ⌕છ⥌ߒ߹ߒߚጊᧄ㆐ߣ↳ߒ߹ߔ‫ߩߎޕ‬႐ࠍ߅୫ࠅߒߡ⥄Ꮖ⚫੺෸߮ߎࠇ߹ߢߩ⎇ⓥߩ⚫੺ࠍߐߖߡ㗂߈ߚ޿ߣᕁ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬⑳ߪ‛ᕈ⎇ାᷕ⎇ⓥቶߢඳ჻ภࠍขᓧߒߚᓟ‫࠼࡯ࠜࡈࡦ࠲ࠬࠆ޽ߦࠕ࠾࡞ࠜࡈ࡝ࠞ࡮ࠞ࡝ࡔࠕޔ‬᡼኿శ⎇ⓥᣉ⸳
Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource (SSRL) Anders Nilsson ⎇ⓥቶߢ 3 ᐕ㑆‫޽ߦࡓ࠳࡞࠹ࠬࡓࠕ࡮࠳ࡦ࡜ࠝޔ‬ࠆࠝ࡜ࡦ࠳ේሶಽሶ࿖┙⎇ⓥᚲ FOM Institute for Atomic and Molecular Physics (AMOLF) Mischa Bonn ⎇ⓥቶߦߡ
1 ᐕඨඳ჻⎇ⓥຬߣߒߡൕോߒߡ߈߹ߒߚ‫ޕ‬⑳ߩߎࠇ߹ߢߩ⎇ⓥࠍ৻⸒ߢ߹ߣ߼ࠆߣ‫ޟ‬శࠍ૶ߞߡ⴫㕙࡮⇇㕙ൻቇ෻ᔕࠍⷰࠆ‫ޕߔߢޠ‬࿕᳇㧔⿥㜞⌀ⓨ㨪ᄢ᳇࿶㧕⇇㕙߆ࠄᶧ᳇⇇㕙ߣᏐᐢ޿ⅣႺߦ߅ߌࠆ⴫㕙ൻቇ෻ᔕࠍ᡼኿శ X ✢ಽశ‫⿥ޔ‬㜞ㅦ࡟࡯ࠩ࡯ಽశ‫⿒ޔ‬ᄖಽశߣ޿ߞߚᄙ᭽
ߥಽశᴺࠍ↪޿ߡේሶ࡮ಽሶࠬࠤ࡯࡞ߢℂ⸃ߔࠆߎߣࠍ⋡⊛ߣߔࠆ⎇ⓥࠍⴕߞߡ߈߹ߒߚ‫⴫ޟޔߦ․ޕ‬㕙࡮⇇㕙ߩ᳓ಽሶ‫߇ޠ‬㑐ࠊࠆ෻ᔕߦ⥝๧ࠍᜬߜ⎇ⓥኻ⽎ߣߒߡ߈߹ߒߚ‫ޕ‬㒮↢ᤨઍ‫⿥ߪ⑳ޔ‬㜞⌀ⓨ࡮ૐ᷷ਅߢߩ࿕૕⴫㕙ߦ߅ߌࠆ᳓ಽሶߩๆ⌕⁁ᘒ࡮෻ᔕᕈࠍ⿒ᄖಽశࠍ↪޿ߚ⺞ߴߚ⎇ⓥࠍⴕ
޿߹ߒߚ‫⿥ߩߎޕ‬㜞⌀ⓨ࡮ૐ᷷ਅߢߩๆ⌕⁁ᘒ࡮෻ᔕᕈߪ⸅ᇦ෻ᔕߩታ㓙ߩ෻ᔕ᧦ઙਅߢ߽หߓߥߩߛࠈ߁߆ߣ޿߁ᕁ޿
߆ࠄ‫ߪߢࠞ࡝ࡔࠕޔ‬᳇૕㔓࿐᳇ਅߢߩ࿕૕⴫㕙ߦ߅ߌࠆ᳓ߩๆ⌕⁁ᘒ࡮෻ᔕᕈࠍᄢ᳇࿶㨄✢శ㔚ሶಽశᴺ Ambient
Pressure XPS (AP-XPS)ࠍ↪޿ߡ⺞ߴ߹ߒߚ‫ ߩߎޕ‬AP-XPS ߪ‫ޔ‬Ꮕേឃ᳇ߐࠇߚ࡟ࡦ࠭♽ࠍᜬߟ㔚ሶಽశེߩㄭߊߦ⹜
ᢱࠍ⟎ߊߎߣߢᓥ᧪⌀ⓨਛߦ㒢ࠄࠇߡ޿ߚ XPS ᷹ቯࠍ᳇૕㔓࿐᳇ ᢙ Torr ਅߢน⢻ߦߒ߹ߔ‫⃻ޕ‬࿷‫⸅ޔ‬ᇦ෻ᔕ߿ⅣႺਛ
ߢߩൻቇ෻ᔕߩ in situ ᷹ቯ߇น⢻ߥታ㛎ᚻᴺߣߒߡᵈ⋡ࠍ㓸߼ߡ޿߹ߔ‫ߩߘޕ‬ᓟࠝ࡜ࡦ࠳ߢߪ‫↢ޔ‬૕⤑ߦ߅ߌࠆ᳓ಽሶ
ࠍ⎇ⓥኻ⽎ߣߒ߹ߒߚ‫↢ޕ‬૕⤑ߩᄙ᭽ߥᯏ⢻࡮෻ᔕࠍℂ⸃ߔࠆߚ߼ߦߪ‫↢ޔ‬૕⤑ࠍ᭴ᚑߔࠆಽሶߩ㕒⊛᭴ㅧߛߌߢߥߊ‫ޔ‬േ⊛ᕈ⾰㧔࠳ࠗ࠽ࡒࠢࠬ㧕ࠍಽሶࠬࠤ࡯࡞ߢ⸃᣿ߔࠆߎߣ߇ᔅ㗇ߢߔ‫↢ޕ‬૕⤑⇇㕙ߩ᳓ಽሶࠍㆬᛯ⊛ߦᬌ಴น⢻߆ߟᭂ߼ߡ㜞޿ᤨ㑆ಽ⸃⢻ 10-13 ⑽ ࠍ߽ߟࡈࠚࡓ࠻⑽࡟࡯ࠩ࡯ಽశᴺ㧔ᤨ㑆ಽ⸃๺๟ᵄ⊒↢ಽశᴺ㧕ࠍ↪޿ߡ‫↢࡞࠺ࡕޔ‬૕⤑ߦ߅ߌࠆ↢૕ಽሶ ᳓࡮⢽⾰࡮Ⱞ⊕⾰ ߩ⿥㜞ㅦᝄേ࡮࿁ォ࠳ࠗ࠽ࡒࠢࠬࠍ⺞ߴ߹ߒߚ‫ޕ‬ᰴߦ‫੹ޔ‬ᓟߩ⎇ⓥዷ㐿ߦߟ޿ߡ◲නߦ⚫੺ߐߖߡ㗂߈߹ߔ‫ߩ⑳ޕ‬ᚲዻ ゠㆏᡼኿‛ᕈ⎇ⓥᣉ⸳࡮᠞⏴ಽቶ ߇␜ߔㅢࠅ‫ޔ‬⑳ߪᄢဳ᡼኿శᣉ⸳ SPring-8 ߦᢛ஻ߐࠇߚ᧲੩ᄢቇࠕ࠙࠻ࠬ࠹࡯࡚ࠪࡦ࡮‛⾰⑼ቇࡆ࡯ࡓ࡜ࠗࡦ BL07LSU ߢൕോߒߡ
޿߹ߔ‫ ߩߎޕ‬BL07LSU ߦ߅޿ߡᓧࠄࠇࠆエ X ✢㗔ၞߩ㜞ノᐲ࡮㜞ಽ⸃⢻᡼኿శߩ․ᓽࠍᵴ߆ߒ‫࡞࡯ࠤࠬࡁ࠽ߩ⾰‛ޔ‬ዪᚲ㔚ሶ⁁ᘒ⸃ᨆ‫⸅ޔ‬ᇦൻቇ෻ᔕ࠳ࠗ࠽ࡒࠢࠬߩ⸃ᨆ㧘↢૕‛⾰ߩ᭴ㅧ߿ᯏ⢻⸃᣿╬‫ޔ‬᭽‫⎇ߥޘ‬ⓥ߇⸘↹ߐࠇߡ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬⑳ߪߘߩਛߢ߽‫ޔ‬BL07LSU ߦ߅޿ߡᓧࠄࠇࠆ⍴ࡄ࡞ࠬ X ✢ߣࡈࠚࡓ࠻⑽࡟࡯ࠩ࡯శࠍ⚵ߺวࠊߖߚࡐࡦࡊ࡮ࡊࡠ࡯ࡉ
ᤨ㑆ಽ⸃శ㔚ሶಽశᴺߦࠃࠅ⴫㕙ൻቇ෻ᔕ࠳ࠗ࠽ࡒࠢࠬࠍ⺞ߴࠆ⎇ⓥࠍዷ㐿ߒߡ޿߈ߚ޿ߣᕁ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬዁᧪⊛ߦߪ‫ޔ‬᳇૕㔓࿐᳇ਅߢశ㔚ሶಽశᴺ߇ⴕ߃ࠆᄢ᳇࿶శ㔚ሶಽశᴺߣ⚵ߺวࠊߖࠆߎߣߢ‫⸅ޔ‬ᇦൻቇ෻ᔕࠍ෻ᔕ᧦ઙਅߢ࡝ࠕ࡞࠲ࠗࡓ
᷹ⷰߔࠆߎߣࠍ⋡ᜰߒߚ޿ߣ⠨߃ߡ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬᧲੩ᄢቇࠕ࠙࠻ࠬ࠹࡯࡚ࠪࡦߢߪ‫ޔ‬10 ᦬ߦቢᚑᛲ㔺ᑼౖ߇ⴕࠊࠇ‫ޔ‬㗅⺞ߦฦࠛࡦ࠼ࠬ࠹࡯࡚ࠪࡦߢߩታ㛎߇㐿ᆎߒߡ޿߹ߔ‫౒ޕ‬ห೑↪ታ㛎߽ 2010 ᐕ 1 ᦬߆ࠄⴕࠊࠇࠆ੍ቯߢߔ‫᧲ߩߎޕ‬੩ᄢቇࠕ࠙࠻ࠬ࠹࡯࡚ࠪࡦ߇‫‛ޔ‬ᕈ⎇߇‫౒ޟ‬ห೑↪࡮౒ห೑↪᜚ὐ‫ࠆߚޠ‬ᚲએࠍ⊒ើߢ߈ࠆ႐ᚲߢ޽ࠆࠃ߁ߦᓸജߥ߇ࠄ⽸₂ߢ߈ࠇ߫ߣ⠨߃ߡ߅ࠅ߹ߔ‫⊝ޕ‬᭽ߩߏᜰዉ࡮
ߏ㖊ᠤቱߒߊ߅㗿޿⥌ߒ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬

3໤଻ࡄͅ಍හ̱̀

࣭ष಼‫ޑ‬ঽા‫ݪࡄڠش‬ঔ୭! ! ߃൥! ࢴࢬ!
ᧄᐕᐲߩ 10 ᦬ 16 ᣣઃߌߢ࿖㓙⿥ᒝ⏛႐⑼ቇ⎇ⓥᣉ⸳㊄㆏⎇ⓥቶߩഥᢎߦ⌕છ⥌ߒ߹ߒߚㄭ⮮ߣ↳ߒ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ቇㇱ߆ࠄᄢቇ㒮߹ߢᐢፉᄢቇߢㆊߏߒ‫੹ޔ‬ᐕߩ 9 ᦬ߦቇ૏ࠍขᓧߒ߹ߒߚ‫ߏޕ‬ሽ⍮ߩᣇ߽ᄙ޿߆ߣߪᕁ޿߹ߔ߇‫ޔ‬ᐢፉᄢቇߪ๟
ࠅࠍጊߢ࿐߹ࠇߚ⋆࿾ߦ૏⟎ߒߡ޿߹ߔ‫⥄ޕ‬ὼߦ࿐߹ࠇߚ✛⼾߆ߥⅣႺߪ⎇ⓥ↢ᵴࠍㅍࠆ਄ߢ㕖Ᏹߦᔟㆡߢߒߚ߇‫ߪ⑳ޔ‬
ᐔ㊁⢒ߜߢ޽ߞߚߩߢ߶ࠎߩዋߒ┆ዮߥᗵ߽޽ࠅ߹ߒߚ‫৻ޕ‬ᣇߢ‛ᕈ⎇ߪᐢᄢߥᐔ࿾ߦᑪߡࠄࠇߡ޿߹ߔߩߢ‫ߢ߹ࠇߎޔ‬ߣߪ㆑޿ߩ߮ߩ߮ߣߒߚ᳇ಽߢ⎇ⓥ߇ߢ߈ࠆߩߢߪߥ޿߆ߣᕁߞߡ߅ࠅ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ߪߓ߼ߦ‫ߢ߹ࠇߎޔ‬ขࠅ⚵ࠎߢ߈ߚ⎇ⓥߣ‛ᕈ⎇ߣߩ㑐ࠊࠅߦߟ޿ߡㅀߴߚ޿ߣᕁ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ቇㇱ 4 ᐕ߆ࠄඳ჻⺖⒟ᓟ
ᦼ߹ߢᏗ࿯㘃ൻว‛ߦ߅ߌࠆᄙᭂሶ⒎ᐨߩ⎇ⓥࠍⴕߞߡ߈߹ߒߚ‫ޕ‬ኻ⽎ߣߒߚ‛⾰ߪ྾ᭂሶ⒎ᐨࠍ␜ߔߎߣߢ᦭ฬߥ
CeB6 ߢߔ‫ ߩ⾰‛ߩߎޕ‬Ce ࠍ La ߢ⟎឵ߒߡ޿߈߹ߔߣ‫ޔ‬IV ⋧ߣ๭߫ࠇࠆᣂᄸߩ⒎ᐨ⋧߇಴⃻ߔࠆߎߣ߇߅ࠃߘ 10 ᐕ೨ߦ⊒⷗ߐࠇ߹ߒߚ‫ߩߘޕ‬ᓟ᭽‫⎇ߥޘ‬ⓥ߇ⴕࠊࠇߚ⚿ᨐ‫ ߩߎޔ‬IV ⋧ߪ㜞ᰴߩᄙᭂሶ⒎ᐨߢ޽ࠆน⢻ᕈ߇㜞޿ߎߣ߇ࠊ߆ߞ
ߡ߈߹ߒߚ‫ޔߒ߆ߒޕ‬㜞ᰴߩᄙᭂሶߪ⋥ធᔕ╵ߔࠆᄖ႐߇ሽ࿷ߒߥ޿ߚ߼‫߇⑳ޔ‬ቇㇱ↢ߩ㗃ߪߤߩ᭽ߦ㜞ᰴߩᄙᭂሶࠍ⺞ߴߡ޿ߊߩ߆ߪᥧਛᮨ⚝ߩ⁁ᘒߢߒߚ‫ޔߢߎߘޕ‬IV ⋧ߦ㑐ߔࠆ⍮⷗ࠍᓧࠆߚ߼ CexLa1-xB6 ߦ Nd ߿ Pr ߣ޿ߞߚᏗ࿯㘃⏛ᕈࠗࠝࡦࠍᷝടߒ‫ߩߘޔ‬ᓇ㗀ࠍ⏛᳇ᛶ᛫‫⏛ޔ‬ൻ‫⏛ޔ‬႐ਛᲧᾲ᷹ቯߥߤߢ⺞ߴߡ޿߈߹ߒߚ‫ޕ‬La ࠍ 30%એ਄⟎឵ߒߚ♽ߢߪᏱ⏛ᕈ⋧߆ࠄ IV ⋧߳ߩォ⒖᷷ᐲ߇ 1.4K એਅߦߥࠆߚ߼‫⏛ޔ‬ൻ᷹ቯߦߟ޿ߡߪ౒ห೑↪ߣߒߡ᭏ේ⎇ⓥቶߩࡈࠔ࡜
࠺࡯ᴺߦࠃࠆᭂૐ᷷⏛ൻ᷹ቯⵝ⟎ࠍ૶↪ߐߖߡ޿ߚߛ߈߹ߒߚ‫౒ޕ‬ห೑↪ߢ‛ᕈ⎇ߦೋ߼ߡ⿷ࠍ〯ߺ౉ࠇߚߩߪඳ჻⺖⒟೨ᦼ 1 ᐕߩᄐߢ޽ߞߚߣ⸥ᙘߒߡ޿߹ߔ‫߷߶ޕ‬ᣣ߽௑޿ߚᤨ㑆Ꮺߦᨰ㚞߆ࠄࡃࠬߢ‛ᕈ⎇ߦะ߆޿߹ߒߚ‫⭯ޕ‬ᥧ޿ᄕ㑧߆ࠄ⓭ᅤߣߒߡ⃻ࠇߚᨰࠠࡖࡦࡄࠬߩᑪ‛߇ߣߡ߽ශ⽎⊛ߢ‫ߩߘ߽ߢ੹ޔ‬㘑᥊ߪߪߞ߈ࠅߣⷡ߃ߡ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬㚂ㇺ࿤߿㑐⷏࿤߆ࠄ㔌ࠇߚ࿾ᣇᄢቇߢߪઁᄢቇߣߩ੤ᵹࠍᷓ߼ࠆᯏળߪߘ߁ᄙߊߪߥ޿ߚ߼‫ޔ‬ᐢፉߦ޿ߚ⑳ߣߒߡߪ౒ห೑↪߇ઁᄢቇߩᣇ‫ߣޘ‬੤ᵹࠍᷓ߼ࠆ⛘ᅢߩᯏળߢߒߚ‫ߩߘޕ‬ᓟ߽૗ᐲ߆᭏ේ⎇ߢታ㛎ߐߖߡ޿ߚߛ߈߹ߒߚ߇‫ߩߘޔ‬ᐲߦᄙߊߩߎߣࠍ
ቇ߱ߎߣ߇ߢ߈‫⎇ޔ‬ⓥߦኻߔࠆࡕ࠴ࡌ࡯࡚ࠪࡦ߇਄߇ߞߡ޿߈߹ߒߚ‫ߚߞ޿߁ߘޕ‬ᗧ๧ߢߪ‫౒ޔ‬ห೑↪ߢ‛ᕈ⎇ࠍ⸰ࠇߚߎߣ߇⎇ⓥ⠪ߣߒߡ߿ߞߡ޿ߊ߈ߞ߆ߌࠍਈ߃ߡߊࠇߚߣ⸒߃ࠆߩ߆߽ߒࠇ߹ߖࠎ‫ޕ‬ࡄ࡞ࠬ⏛႐ࠍ↪޿ߚ⎇ⓥߪ‫⎇ߩઁޔ‬ⓥಽ㊁ߣᲧߴࠆߣ޿ߊߟ߆ߩ․ᓽ߇޽ࠆߣᕁ޿߹ߔ‫ޔߕ߹ޕ‬ᚻ૞ࠅߩⵝ⟎߇ᄙ޿ߎߣ߇᜼ߍࠄࠇ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ਥജⵝ⟎ߢ޽ࠆࡄ࡞ࠬࡑࠣࡀ࠶࠻߽ᚻ૞ࠅߢߔߒ‫ޔ‬᷹ቯ↪ࡊࡠ࡯ࡉ߽ၮᧄ⊛ߦోߡᚻ૞ࠅߢߔ‫߽⑳ޕ‬ᄢቇ㒮ᤨઍߦࡊࡠ࡯ࡉࠍ૞⵾ߒߚ⚻㛎߇޽ࠅ߹ߔ߇‫⥄ޔ‬ಽߢ૞ߞߚⵝ⟎ߢታ㛎ߒߡ⚊ᓧߩ޿ߊ࠺࡯࠲߇ᓧࠄࠇߚᤨߪ૗ߣ
߽⸒߃ߥ޿༑߮߇ḝ߈਄߇ࠅ߹ߒߚ‫ߚߞ޿߁ߎޕ‬૕㛎߇㗫❥ߦ๧ࠊ߃ࠆߩߪ㕖Ᏹߦ㝯ജ⊛ߛߣᕁ޿߹ߔ‫ߢ߹ࠇߎޔߚ߹ޕ‬⺕߽⷗ߚߎߣ߇ߥ޿ᣂᄸ⃻⽎ߩ⊒⷗ߦㆣㆄߔࠆ⏕₸߇㜞޿ߎߣ߇᜼ߍࠄࠇ߹ߔ‫ޔߦ․ޕ‬࿖㓙⿥ᒝ⏛႐⑼ቇ⎇ⓥᣉ⸳ߢߪㄭ‫⊒࡞࡯ࠗࡎࠗ࡜ࡈޘ‬㔚ᯏࠍ↪޿ߚ᷹ቯ߇ᧄᩰ⊛ߦⴕ߃ࠆࠃ߁ߦߥࠆߚ߼‫৻ߪ₸⏕ߩߘޔ‬ጀ㜞ߊߥࠆߪߕߢߔ‫ߡߒ߁ߎޕ‬ࡄ࡞ࠬᒝ⏛႐ߩ․ᓽࠍ޿ߊߟ߆೉᜼ߒ߹ߔߣ‫ޔ‬㕖Ᏹߦᕺ߹ࠇߚⅣႺߢ⎇ⓥ߇ⴕ߃ࠆߎߣࠍᡷ߼ߡᗵߓࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈߹ߔ‫ޕ‬⑳ߪߎࠇ߹ߢߩ⎇ⓥߢࡄ࡞ࠬᒝ⏛႐ᧂ⚻㛎ߣ޿߁⽶ߩⷐ⚛ࠍᜬߞߡߪ޿߹ߔ߇‫ߩߘޔ‬ㇱಽߪ㊁⃿ߢၭߞߚ᳇ว޿ߣᩮᕈߢ
ࠞࡃ࡯ߒߡ߈ߚ޿ߣᕁ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ㅒߦᒝ⏛႐ᧂ⚻㛎ߣ޿߁ߎߣࠍ↢߆ߒߡᢾᣂߥࠕࠗ࠺ࠕࠍ↢ߺ಴ߒ‫⎇ࠍࠇߘޔ‬ⓥߦᵴ߆ߒߡ޿ߌࠇ߫ߣ⠨߃ߡ߅ࠅ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ ⹤ߪᄌࠊࠅ߹ߔ߇‫ޔ‬㊄㆏⎇ߢߪ⃿ᛛ‫ᦨޔ‬ㄭߢߪ․ߦࠨ࠶ࠞ࡯ߦജࠍ౉ࠇߡ޿ࠆߎߣߢ߽᦭ฬߢߔ‫⌕߽⑳ޕ‬છೋᣣ߆ࠄᐔ
ᣣߩᤤߦⴕࠊࠇߡ޿ࠆࠨ࠶ࠞ࡯ߦෳടߒߡ߅ࠅ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬Ფᣣࠨ࠶ࠞ࡯ࠍߔࠆߣ∋ഭߢඦᓟ߆ࠄߩ⎇ⓥᵴേߦᡰ㓚߇಴ࠆߩߢ
ߪߥ޿߆ߣᒰೋߪෂᗋߒߡ߅ࠅ߹ߒߚ߇‫ޔ‬ታ㓙ߪᣣ‫↢ߩޘ‬ᵴߦࡔ࡝ࡂ࡝߇ߟߊߣ౒ߦ߶ߤࠃ޿᳇ಽォ឵ߦ߽ߥߞߡ߅ࠅ߹
ߔ‫⎇ޕ‬ⓥߣ૬ߖߡ‫ߩ࡯ࠞ࠶ࠨޔ‬ᣇ߽ᣣ‫♖ޘ‬ㅴߒߡ޿ߊᚲሽߢߔ‫ߏޔߙ߁ߤޕ‬ᜰዉߏ㖊ᠤߩ߶ߤࠃࠈߒߊ߅㗿޿⥌ߒ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬

4໤଻ࡄͬၗͦ̀

ࢩോఱ‫ڠ‬༶ৣ࢕‫ݪࡄڠش‬ΓϋΗȜ! ! ؈ന! ఊ֚!
 ੹ᐕߩ 4 ᦬ߦ 10 ᐕㄭߊ߅਎⹤ߦߥߞߚ‛ᕈ⎇ࠍ㔌ࠇᐢፉᄢቇ᡼኿శ⑼ቇ⎇ⓥ࠮ࡦ࠲࡯ߦォൕ޿ߚߒ߹ߒߚ‫‛ޕ‬ᕈ⎇ߣߪ޿ߞߡ߽ࠊߚߒߩൕോ࿾ߪ‫ߩ߫ߊߟޔ‬㜞ࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯ടㅦེ⎇ⓥᯏ᭴ౝߩࡈࠜ࠻ࡦࡈࠔࠢ࠻࡝࡯ PF ߣ⸒߁᡼኿శᣉ⸳
ߩࡆ࡯ࡓ࡜ࠗࡦ‫ޔ‬BL-18A ߣ 19A‫ޔ‬19B ࠍ▤ℂߒߡ޿ࠆ゠㆏᡼኿‛ᕈ⎇ⓥᣉ⸳ߩߟߊ߫ಽቶߢ޽ߞߚߚ߼‫ޔ‬㐳ᐕ߅਎⹤ߦ
ߥߞߚߦ߽߆߆ࠊࠄߕᨰߩ⊝᭽ߣߪ޽߹ࠅ߅⋡ߦ߆߆ࠆᯏળ߇ߥߊ‫ߩߘޔ‬ὐߦߟ޿ߡߪዋߒᱷᔨߛߞߚߥ޽ߣᗵߓߡ߅ࠅ
߹ߔ‫゠ޕ‬㆏᡼኿‛ᕈᣉ⸳ߦߪቇ↢ߩ㗃߆ࠄ✼߇޽ࠅ‫ޔ‬PF ߳ߪ M1 ߩ㗃ߦೋ߼ߡታ㛎ߦ⸰ࠇ‫ޔ‬ᒰᤨߩᦨᣂߩࡆ࡯ࡓ࡜ࠗࡦ
ߢ⦟޿࠺࡯࠲߇ߤࠎߤࠎขࠇࠆߩࠍ⋡ߩᒰߚࠅߦߒߡ‫ޔ‬዁᧪ߪߎߩࠃ߁ߥߣߎࠈߢ௛ߌࠇ߫ߥ޽ߣᕁߞߚߩࠍ⸥ᙘߒߡ޿
߹ߔ‫ߩߘߚ߹ޕ‬ᒰᤨߪ↰ήߦ߽߹ߛ‛ᕈ⎇ߩ᡼኿శ࡝ࡦࠣߢ޽ࠆ SOR-ring ߇޽ࠅ‫ᦨ߽ߢࠄߜߘޔ‬ᓟߩ࡙࡯ࠩ࡯ߣߒߡ࠼
ࠢ࠲࡯ߩ⎇ⓥࠍⴕ޿߹ߒߚ‫ߩߘޕ‬ᓟᣉ⸳ߩഥᚻߣߒߡ⌕છߒߚ⸶ߢߔ߇‫ޔ‬࿷છਛߩ 10 ᐕㄭߊߩ㑆ߦ゠㆏᡼኿‛ᕈ⎇ⓥᣉ⸳ߪ‫ޔ‬ᒰೋ੍ቯߒߡ޿ߚ㜞ノᐲ᡼኿శᣉ⸳ߩᑪ⸳ߩផㅴ‫ޔ‬ᢙᐲߩ⸘↹ᄌᦝ‫ߩ↹⸘ߡߒߘޔ‬ਛᱛߣ޿߁⧰㔍ߩᤨᦼࠍ⚻㛎ߒ‫ޔ‬
ߘߩᓟ SPring-8 ߦᣈߌࠆエ X ✢㜞ノᐲࡆ࡯ࡓ࡜ࠗࡦߩᑪ⸳‫੹ߡߒߘޔ‬ᐕ 10 ᦬ߩቢᚑߣ߹ߐߦ᭽‫ߒ߹ࠅ᦭߇ࡑ࡜࠼ߥޘ‬ߚ‫ߥ߁ࠃߩߘޕ‬ỗേߣ߽⸒߃ࠆᦼ㑆ߩ㑆‫৻ޔ‬ᣇߢߪ PF ߩ BL18A‫ޔ‬BL19A‫ޔ‬B ߩࡆ࡯ࡓ࡜ࠗࡦߦᣈߌࠆ࡙࡯ࠩ࡯ࠨࡐ࡯
࠻‫ޔ‬ታ㛎ࠬ࠹࡯࡚ࠪࡦߩࠕ࠶ࡊࠣ࡟࡯࠼߿ᣂⵝ⟎ߩ㐿⊒‫‛ߚߞ૶ࠍࡦࠗ࡜ࡓ࡯ࡆߩઁ߿⟎ⵝߩࠄࠇߎޔ‬ᕈ⎇ⓥߥߤ߽ᐔⴕ
ߒߡⴕߞߡ߈߹ߒߚ‫⌕ޕ‬છᒰᤨߩ࡙࡯ࠩ࡯ࠨࡐ࡯࠻ߩᄢᄌߐߪ੹ߣߥߞߡߪ⦟޿ᕁ޿಴ߢߔ߇‫ޔ‬ᒰᤨߪቇ↢ᤨઍߦߎߎߢ
௛߈ߚ޿ߣᕁߞߚߩߪᄢ߈ߥ⺋⸃ߛߞߚߥ޽ߣᕁߞߚ߽ߩߢߔ‫ޔߒ߆ߒޕ‬࿷છਛߦᣂဳߩ㜞ല₸ࠬࡇࡦಽ⸃శ㔚ሶಽశⵝ⟎ߩ㐿⊒߿‫ޔ‬᡼኿శߣ STM ࠍ⚵ߺวࠊߖߚᣂߒ޿ታ㛎ᚻᴺߩ㐿⊒ߥߤ⧰ߒߺߥ߇ࠄ߽ᄙߊߩᚑᨐ߇਄ߍࠄࠇߚߎߣߪᧄ
ᒰߦᐘㆇߢ޽ߞߚߣᕁ޿߹ߔ‫ߩࠇߕ޿ޕ‬ᚑᨐ߽ᩑፒ᣿ੱ‫ᧁޔ‬ਅ⼾ᒾ ⃻ JASRI ਔవ↢߿ේᴛ޽ࠁߺᛛⴚቭ߿ᣉ⸳ߩቇ↢߅ࠃ߮ࠬ࠲࠶ࡈߩ⊝ߐࠎ‫ࠬࡦࠛࠗࠨࡁ࠽ޔ‬ㇱ㐷ߩ㐳⼱Ꮉᐘ㓶వ↢߿ᳯญ⼾᣿ഥᢎ‫⎇ߡߒߘޔ‬ⓥቶߩ⊝ߐࠎߩදജߥߒߦߪ
ᚑߒᓧߥ߆ߞߚ߽ߩߢߎߩ႐ࠍ୫ࠅߡᗵ⻢↳ߒ਄ߍ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ߐߡᐢፉᄢቇߦ⌕છߒߡඨᐕ޽߹ࠅ߇ߔ߉߹ߒߚ‫ޕ‬ᐢፉᄢቇߪᐢፉߣߪ޿ߞߡ߽ 16 ᐕ೨ߦᐢፉᏒౝ߆ࠄ㇠ᄖߦ⒖ォߒ‫ޔ‬⃻࿷ߪ᧲ᐢፉᏒ⷏᧦ߦ᦭ࠅ߹ߔ‫ߪ᧦⷏ޕ‬ฎߊ߆ࠄᣣᧄ㈬ߩ㉯ㅧ߇⋓ࠎߥߣߎࠈߢ‫ޔ‬㉯⪇↸ߣ߆㈬ㇺߣ࿾రߢߪ๭߫ࠇߡ߅
ࠅ‫ޔ‬㚞೨ߦߪ㈬⬿ߩᾍ⓭߇ᨋ┙ߒભᣣߦߪⷰశቴ߇㈬⬿ߦ೑߈㈬ߦ⸰ࠇࠆ‫ޔ‬㈬ᅢ߈ߩ⑳ߣߒߡߪߣߡ߽⦟޿ߣߎࠈߢߔ‫ޕ‬ࠠࡖࡦࡄࠬߪ㚞߆ࠄ 4km ߶ߤ㔌ࠇߚ㏜ጊߩ㣽ߦ᦭ࠅ‫ߚߒ⪲⚃ߪ੹ޔ‬㉿ጊ߇㑆ㄭߦ⷗߃ߡ޿߹ߔ‫↰ߚߒࠅ߮ࠎߩࠅ߹ߟޕ‬⥢ߢߔ‫ߩߒߚࠊޕ‬ൕോߔࠆ᡼኿శ࠮ࡦ࠲࡯ߪ PF ߣห᭽᡼኿శࠍ૶ߞߚ‛ᕈ⎇ⓥࠍⴕ߁ᣉ⸳ߢߔ߇‫ޔ‬PF ߿ SPring-8 ߣߪ⇣ߥࠅ‫ ᦺޔ‬9 ᤨ߆ࠄᄛ 8 ᤨ߹ߢ࠙ࠖ࡯ࠢ࠺࡯ߩߺㆇォߒߡ޿ࠆஜోߥ㧫ᣉ⸳ߢߔ‫ߦ߈ߣߩ߫ߊߟߢߍ߆߅ޕ‬Ყߴߡ࡝࡜࠶ࠢࠬߒߚ⎇ⓥ↢ᵴࠍㅍࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈ࠆࠃ߁ߦߥࠅ߹ߒߚ‫⎇߽ߡߞ⸒ߪߣޕ‬ⓥ⥄りߪᄢᄌ⋓ࠎߦ߅ߎߥࠊࠇߡ߅ࠅ‫ޔ‬᡼኿శ࡝ࡦࠣߪ๟㐳߇ߚߞߚߩ 21 m ߣ޿߁ᄢᄌዊߐߥૐࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯࡝ࡦࠣߥ߇ࠄ‫ޔ‬ૐࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯ߩ․ᕈࠍ↢߆ߒߡ਎⇇ᦨ㜞ಽ⸃⢻ߩశ㔚ሶಽశࠍߪߓ߼ᓧᗧಽ㊁ߦ․ൻߒߚ⎇ⓥࠍⴕߞߡ޿߹ߔ‫⃻ߪߒߚࠊޕ‬࿷ℂቇㇱߩశ‛ᕈ⎇ⓥቶߣදജߒߡ‫ޔ‬ᣂ࡮㜞ല₸ࠬࡇࡦಽ⸃శ㔚ሶಽశࠬ࠹࡯࡚ࠪࡦࠍቇ↢ߣଏߦ┙ߜ਄ߍߡ߅ࠅ‫ޔ‬ૐࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯᡼኿శߣ㜞ಽ⸃⢻ࠬࡇࡦಽ⸃
శ㔚ሶಽశࠍ↢߆ߒߚ‛ᕈ⎇ⓥࠍዷ㐿ߒߡ޿߈ߚ޿ߣ⠨߃ߡ޿߹ߔ‫ߪ࡯࠲ࡦ࠮ޕ‬ቇౝ೑↪ߛߌߢߥߊో࿖౒ห೑↪࡮౒ห⎇ⓥ᜚ὐߣߒߡ㐿᡼ߐࠇߡ޿߹ߔߩߢ‫⥝ޔ‬๧ߩ᦭ࠆᣇߪߗ߭ߏ৻ႎ޿ߚߛߌࠇ߫ߣᕁ޿߹ߔ‫ߚ߹ޕ‬ᐢፉߦߎࠄࠇߚ㓙ߦߪᣉ⸳⷗ቇ߿㈬⬿⷗ቇߦ߽ᤚ㕖߅┙ߜነࠅߊߛߐ޿‫ޕ‬ᦨᓟߦߥࠅ߹ߒߚ߇‫‛ޔ‬ᕈ⎇ߩ߹ߔ߹ߔߩ⊒ዷࠍ␨ᔨߒߡ╩ࠍ⟎߈ߚ޿ߣᕁ޿߹ߔ‫⊝ޕ‬᭽ᧄᒰߦߤ߁߽޽ࠅ߇ߣ߁ߏ
ߑ޿߹ߒߚ‫ޕ‬5ࡄ‫ݪ‬৒̺ͤ͢!

‫ح‬൥ࡄ‫ݪ‬৒ġġ໤଻ၑაࡄ‫ݪ‬໐࿝! ! ‫ح‬൥! ‫ڡ‬୆!
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ˍȅ͉̲͛ͅ!
 ‛ᕈ⎇ⓥᚲߦ⿞છߒߡߪ߿ 5 ᐕ߇⚻ㆊߒߡߒ߹ߞߚ‫‛ߩߢ߹ࠇߎޕ‬ᕈ⎇ߢߩᣣ‫ޔߣࠆ߼ߣ߹ߢ⸒৻ࠍޘ‬ᥧ㤥ߩ೨ඨߣశ߇⷗߃ᆎ߼ߚᓟඨ‫ޕ߆߁ࠈߛࠈߎߣ߁޿ߣޔ‬㧔ߘࠎߥᒙ᳇ߥߎߣ‫ߣޔ‬ปງߐࠇߘ߁ߛ߇‫ޕ‬㧕‛ᕈ⎇ߦ⿞છᒰೋߪ‫ߚߞ޿ޔ‬޿૗ࠍߒߚࠄࠃ޿ߩ߆ㅅ޿ߩߥ߆ߦ޽ࠅ‫ᧄޔ‬ᒰߦᒝ޿ࡊ࡟࠶ࠪࡖ࡯ࠍฃߌߡ޿ߚ‫⿞ޕ‬છᓟೋ߼ߡ‛ᕈ⎇ߦ಴ൕߒߚᣣߦ‫ޔ‬ᨰߩ⪲౏࿦⿧ߒߦ‛ᕈ⎇ߩᑪ‛߇⷗߃ߚߣ߈ߩ‫޿ߥ߃޿߽ߣࠎߥޔ‬ᘷ㝠ߥᗵߓߪ޿߹ߢ߽޽ࠅ޽ࠅߣⷡ߃ߡ޿ࠆ‫ߒ߁ߎޕ‬ߚ޽ࠆ⒳ߩࠬ࡜ࡦࡊ߆ࠄ⣕಴ߔࠆߦߪ‫ߪߦ⑳ޔ‬ᄙߊߩᤨ㑆ߣ‫ߡߒߘޔ‬ᄙߊߩੱߣߩ಴ળ޿߇ᔅⷐߢ޽ߞߚࠃ߁ߢ޽ࠆ‫ߣޕ‬޿߁ࠊߌߢߎߩ⎇ⓥቶߛࠃࠅߢߪ‫⎇ߩ⑳ޔ‬ⓥቶࠍතᬺߒߚ㧔ߒࠃ߁ߣߒߡ޿ࠆ㧕ቇ↢ 3 ੱࠍゲߦߒߡ‫ޔ‬᥉Ბ⴫ߦߢߥ޿
ࠃ߁ߥ⎇ⓥߩ᭽ሶࠍߟࠇߠࠇߥࠆ߹߹ߦᦠ޿ߡ޿߈ߚ޿ߣᕁ߁‫ޕ‬ˎȅκϋΞ΃συࠗॳ͈ၛ̻ષ̬Ȫઐ๶໌ঃ̯ͭȫ!
 ᧻የำߪ⎇ⓥቶߩೋᦼ߆ࠄ࿷☋ߒߡඳ჻⺖⒟ࠍතᬺߒߚߪߓ߼ߡߩ‫⇐ޟ‬ቇ⎇ⓥຬ‫ޕࠆ޽ߢޠ‬಴ળ޿ߪߣߡ߽ᄸㆄߥ߽ߩ
ߢ޽ߞߚ‫᧲ޕ‬ᄢℂ‛ߩഥᢎࠍ߿ߞߡ޿ࠆጟߐࠎ߆ࠄ‫ޟ‬ජ⪲ᄢߦ޿ࠆඳ჻⺖⒟ߩቇ↢߇⼏⺰ߔࠆ⋧ᚻࠍតߒߡ޿ࠆ߆ࠄ⼏⺰ߒߡ޽ߍߡߊࠇߥ޿߆‫ߣޠ‬ଐ㗬ࠍฃߌߡ‫ޔ‬ળߞߚߩ߇ೋ߼ߡߢ޽ࠆ‫߇⑳ޔߣࠆߺߡߒ⹤ޕ‬೨ߦ߿ߞߡ޿ߚ⎇ⓥ⺖㗴ߣㄭ޿ߎߣ߇ࠊ߆ߞߚߩߢ‫౒޽߾ߓޔ‬ห⎇ⓥߒߡߺࠃ߁߆‫⇐ޔࠅߥߦߣߎ߁޿ߣޔ‬ቇ⎇ⓥຬߣߒߡㄫ߃౉ࠇߚ‫ࠎߘߪߣߎޔ߇ޕ‬ߥߦ◲නߢߪߥ޿‫ߩߎޕ‬Ბ㓏ߢታߪ᧻የำߪඳ჻ 3 ᐕߦ߹ߢߥߞߡ߅ࠅ‫ᤨߩߘޔ‬ὐߢ⺰ᢥ߇ߥ߆ߞߚߩߢ޽ࠆ‫߁޿ߣޕ‬ߎߣߢ‫ߤ߶޿޿ߡߞ⸒߽ߣ଀⇣ޔ‬⍴޿ᦼ㑆㧔㧝ᐕએౝ㧕ߩ㑆ߦ‫ޔ‬ඳ჻ขᓧߩߚ߼ߦේ⪺⺰ᢥࠍᦠߊᔅⷐ߇޽ߞߚ‫ޕ‬᥉ㅢߥࠄ߅ᢿࠅߔࠆߣߎࠈ߆߽ߒࠇߥ޿߇‫ޔ‬ᒝ޿ᖱᾲߣ᳿ᗧߦᔃ߇േ߆ߐࠇߚߩߢ޽ࠆ‫⎇ߚ߹ޕ‬ⓥቶ┙ߜ਄ߍᤨߦ‫ࡒ࡜ࠣࡠࡊޔ‬ࡦࠣߩ⍮⼂߇⼾ንߥੱ߇⎇ⓥቶߦ޿ߡߊࠇࠆߩߪ‫ޔ‬ᄢᄌ޽ࠅ߇ߚ޿ߎߣߢ޽ߞߚ‫ޕ‬ ᓐߣขࠅ⚵ࠎߛ࠹࡯ࡑߪ‫៺ޔ‬ᡂߩ޽ࠆ㊂ሶੑ㊀੗ᚭ♽ߩ⚻〝Ⓧಽࡕࡦ࠹ࠞ࡞ࡠ⸘▚ߢ޽ߞߚ‫ߪ⑳ߦߢߔޕ‬೨ߩൕോ࿾
㧔ᄢ㒋Ꮢ┙ᄢቇ㧕ߢ޽ࠆ⒟ᐲߩ⸘▚⚻㛎ߪ᦭ߒߡ޿ߚ‫ߒ߆ߒޕ‬㊂ሶዪ࿷⋧ォ⒖ߥߤߩࠃ߁ߥ‛ℂ⊛ߦᗧ๧ߩ޽ࠆ⚿ᨐࠍᓧࠆߦߪ‫ᦝࡠ࡞ࠞ࠹ࡦࡕޔ‬ᣂߩࠕ࡞ࠧ࡝࠭ࡓ⥄૕ߦᡷ⦟߇ᔅⷐߥߎߣࠍ‫ޔ‬りࠍ߽ߞߡᕁ޿⍮ߞߡ޿ߚ‫ߩߎ߹ߚ߹ߚޕ‬ᚻᴺߦࠢ࡜ࠬ࠲࡯ᦝᣂࠍㆡ↪ߔࠆ઀੐ߦߟ޿ߡ P. Werner ᳁߇ℂ⺰࠮ࡒ࠽࡯ߢ⹤ࠍߒ‫ࠅ߹޽ߢߎߘޔ‬ℂ⸃ߢ߈ߥ߆ߞߚߩߢห
௥ߩᎹፉߐࠎߦ޿ࠈ޿ࠈߣ⡞޿ߡ޿ࠆ߁ߜߦ‫޿ߚ߈⸃߇⑳ޔ‬໧㗴ߦߘߩᣇᴺ߇ߘߩ߹߹ㆡ↪ߢ߈ߘ߁ߛߣ޿߁ߎߣ߇ࠊ
߆ߞߚ‫᧻ߦߎߘޕ‬የำ߇߈ߚߩߢ‫߁޿ߣޔ޿ߥ߾ߓ޿޿߫ࠇ߿ߪࠇߘ߁߽ޔ‬ᗵߓߢ‫⎇ࠆ޿ߡߌ⸃ߤࠎߣ߶ߪߡߞߣߦ⑳ޔ‬ⓥ⺖㗴ߢ޽ߞߚ‫◲ߦߥࠎߘޔߣࠆߺߡ߼ߓߪࠅ߿ޔ߇ޕ‬නߢߪߥ޿ߎߣ߇ߔߋߦ್᣿ߒߚ‫ ߕ߹ޕ‬Werner ߩᣇᴺࠍታⵝߔࠆߦ޽ߚߞߡߪ‫ޔ‬㐳〒㔌ࠗࠫࡦࠣᮨဳߩࠢ࡜ࠬ࠲࡯ᦝᣂߩታⵝ߇ᔅⷐߢ‫ޔ‬ᗱ⋥ߦ߿ࠆߣߘߎߢᤨ㑆߇߆߆ࠆߎߣ߇್᣿ߒ
ߚ‫⺰ߪ⚦⹦ߥ࡞ࠞ࠾ࠢ࠹ޕ‬ᢥߦ߽ᦠ޿ߡ޽ߞߚߩߢ޽ࠆ߇‫ޔ‬ᒰᤨߩ⑳ߣ᧻የำߩജߢߪ⸃⺒ߦ⋧ᒰߩᤨ㑆߇߆߆ߞߚߩߢ
޽ࠆ‫ࠣࡃޕ‬ขࠅ߿ᢙ୯⊛⸃ᨆធ⛯ߥߤߢ߽ᤨ㑆߇߆߆ࠅ‫߇▚⸘ߣߞ߿ޔ‬േ߈ᆎ߼ߚߩߪ᧻የำ߇ㅢᏱߩතᬺࠍ޽߈ࠄ߼ߡ
ඨᐕතᬺࠍᑧ㐳ߒ‫ޔ‬ඳ჻ 4 ᐕߣߥߞߚ 5 ᦬㗃ߢ޽ߞߚ‫ᦨޔ߽ߡ߈ߢ߹ߎߎߒ߆ߒޕ‬ᓟߦ৻ߟߛߌߤ߁ߒߡ߽⿥߃ࠄࠇߥ
޿࿎㔍߇޽ߞߚ‫ޕ‬೨ㅀߩ Werner ߩ઀੐ߪ๟ᦼࡐ࠹ࡦࠪࡖ࡞♽ߦኻᔕߔࠆ߽ߩߢ޽ࠆ߇‫ߩߢߎߎޔ‬ዪᚲᦝᣂߩᣇᴺ߇ੑ㊀੗ᚭ♽ߦߘߩ߹߹ㆡ↪ߢ߈ߥ޿㧔ㆡ↪ߒߡ߽ᖤᗌߥ߶ߤല₸߇ᖡ޿㧕ߩߢ޽ࠆ‫ߡߞࠃޕ‬ੑ㊀੗ᚭ♽ߪߘࠇኾ↪ߦࡕࡦ࠹ࠞ
࡞ࡠᦝᣂࠍᎿᄦߒߥߌࠇ߫޿ߌߥ޿ߩߢ޽ࠆ‫᧻ޔࠅ⥋ߦߎߎޕ‬የำ߇޽ߣߢ‫ޟ‬ᥧ㤥ߩ 6 ᦬‫ߣޠ‬๭߱⧰㔍ߩ᦬߇ᆎ߹ߞߚ
ߩߢ޽ࠆ‫߽⑳ߪ᦬ߩߎޕ‬㕖Ᏹߦ⧰ߒ߆ߞߚ‫ޕ‬Ფᣣ᧻የำߣ⼏⺰ࠍߒ‫⪭ߣߛ߼ߛޔߪߡߒ⹜ࠍࠕࠖ࠺ࠗࠕߥࠈ޿ࠈ޿ޔ‬⢙ߔࠆߣ޿߁➅ࠅ㄰ߒߢ޽ߞߚ‫᧻ޕ‬የำߩඳ჻⺰ᢥߩ࠺࠶࠼࡜ࠗࡦࠍ㑆ㄭߦប߃‫᧻ޔ‬የำߪዞ⡯ᵴേߩ߶߁߽૫Ⴚߦߥࠅ‫ߟޔ‬޿ߦᚒ‫ߪޘ‬ㅊ޿⹣߼ࠄࠇߚ‫ߪ⑳ޕ‬⣻ࠍߊߊࠅ‫৻ߣ޽ޔ‬ᣣߛߌࠕ࡞ࠧ࡝࠭ࡓߩᡷ⦟ࠍ⠨߃ߡ޿޿ߩࠍᕁ޿ߟ߆ߥ߆ߞߚࠄ‫ޔ‬߽߁޽߈ࠄ߼ߡ੹ߩ࠺࡯࠲ߢ⺰ᢥࠍᦠߎ߁ߣ᳿ᗧߔࠆߦ޿ߚߞߚ‫ᦨޕ‬ᓟߩࠕࠗ࠺ࠖࠕߪᄕ㘩ਛߦ߿ߞߡ߈ߚ‫ࠍࠇߘߪ⑳ޕ‬
6ഀࠅ▰ߩⴼߦࡔࡕߒߡ‫ޔ‬ඨାඨ⇼ߩ߹߹᧻የำߦᷰߒߚߩߢ޽ߞߚ‫ޕ‬ ߇‫߇ࠇߎޔ‬ᕁࠊߧߎߣߦࡅ࠶࠻ߒߚ‫ߪࠕࠖ࠺ࠗࠕޕ‬න⚐ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬
ੑ㊀੗ᚭ♽ߩ৻⇟㔍ߒ޿ㇱಽߪ㕖✢ᒻㇱಽ 4 ᰴߩ㗄 ߢ޽ࠆ߇‫ޔ‬ߎࠇࠍ㔌ᢔߩࠟ࠙ࠬಽᏓߩ๺ߢㄭૃߒߡ߿ࠆߩߢ޽ࠆ ࿑ 1(a) ‫ޕ‬ߎ߁ߔࠆߎߣߢ‫ޔ‬㔌ᢔᄌᢙߩ⵬ഥᄌᢙߩ๺ߪᱷࠆ߽ߩߩ‫ࠅߎߩޔ‬ߩㇱಽࠍ㧞ᰴᒻᑼߢᦠ߈߈ࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈‫ޔ‬ല₸ߩࠃ޿ࠕ࡞ࠧ࡝࠭
ࡓࠍ᭴ᚑߢ߈ࠆ‫ߪࠇߎޕ‬ᄢᄌ߁߹ߊ޿߈‫ߚߞ߆ߥ߈ߢߢ߹ࠇߎޔ‬ૐ᷷㗔ၞߩ⸘▚߇ೋ߼ߡน⢻ߣߥߞߚ‫ࠍࠇߎߡߒߘޕ‬೑↪ߒߡੑ㊀੗ᚭ♽ߩ߈ࠇ޿ߥ⋧࿑ࠍߔߋߦᓧࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈ߚߩߢ޽ࠆ ࿑1(b) ‫⚿ߩߎޕ‬ᨐࠍߔߋߦ JPSJ ߩ࡟࠲࡯ߦᛩⓂߒߚ߇‫ޔ‬ታ⾰ 3
ᣣᓟߦឝタนߩ᳿ቯ߇߈ߚߎߣߪ߁ࠇߒ޿ߎߣߢ޽ߞߚ‫ߩߎޕ‬ᣇ
ᴺߪ৻⥸ᕈ߇޽ࠆߩߢ‫ޔ‬ᚻᴺࠍ⊒ዷߐߖߚ޿ߣᕁ޿ߟߟ‫ߛ߹ޔ‬ᨐߚߖߡ޿ߥ޿‫ޕ‬ ᧻የำߪߘߩᓟή੐ඳ჻ࠍขᓧߒ‫ޔ‬ዞ⡯߽᳿߼‫ߪߢ੹ޔ‬ᐘߖߦ߿ߞߡ޿ࠆ㧔ߣᕁ߁㧕‫ޕ‬ᓐߪೋ߼ߡㅍࠅ಴ߒߚ㧔ઁᄢቇߩ㧕ቇ↢ߣߒߡ‫߽ߡߣޔ‬ᗵᘣᷓ޿߽ߩ߇޽ࠆ‫᧻ޕ‬የำ߆ࠄߪ⑳ߪᄙߊߩߎ
ߣࠍቇ߫ߖߡ߽ࠄߞߚ‫⥄⑳ߕ߹ޕ‬りߩ Windows ߆ࠄ Mac ߳ߩᒝ೙ᡷቬ߇ߥߐࠇߚ‫⃻ޕ‬࿷⎇ⓥቶߩࠦࡦࡇࡘ࡯࠲┵ᧃ߇ߔߴߡ
Mac ߢ޽ࠆߩߪ ᓐߩ ߖ޿ߢ޽ࠆ‫ߟ৻߁߽ޕ‬ᄢ߈ ޿ߎߣ ߪ ‫ޔ‬
Fortran ߆ࠄ C++߳ߩ⒖ⴕߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬೨‫ ࠄ߆ޘ‬C++ߪ᳇ߦߥߞߡ
޿ߚߩߢ޽ࠆ߇‫᧻ޔ‬የำ߇ C++ߒ߆⍮ࠄߥ޿‫ߟ߆ޔ‬ᒝߊ߅ߔߔ

࿑ 1. (a) ࠟ࠙ࠬಽᏓಽഀߩ᭎ᔨ࿑(b) ៺ᡂߩ޽ࠆੑ㊀੗ᚭ♽ߩ⋧࿑߼‫ߢߎߎޔߢߣߎ߁޿ߣޔ‬⒖ⴕߦ〯ߺಾߞߚ‫ޕ‬ᱜ⋥‫৻ߩ߼ߓߪޔ‬ᐕߪࠈߊߦ޿޿ࠦ࡯࠼߇߆ߌߥ߆ߞߚߩߢ޽ࠆ߇‫ߩߎߪߢ߹޿ޔ‬ᡷቬߪࠃ߆ߞߚߣᕁߞߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬Ruby ߽ᓐ߆ࠄᢎࠊߞߡ‫ޔ‬ᭉߒߊࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡒࡦࠣߐߖߡ߽ࠄߞߡ޿ࠆ‫᧻ޕ‬የำߦࠃߞߡࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡒࡦࠣⅣႺߪ㕟๮⊛ߦᦝᣂߐࠇߚߣ޿ߞߡࠃ޿ߣᕁ߁‫ޕ‬ˏȅခ‫͂ܥ‬ΘͼͺΈρθ͈ଲ‫̷̭̠͒͢ٮ‬Ȫ‫̯ͭࠄ֚ࡉ݌‬ȫ!
 ⑳ߩ⎇ⓥቶߢೋߩ᧲ᄢߩතᬺ↢ߪ‫ޔ‬ඳ჻⺖⒟ࠃࠅ࿷☋ߒᤓᐕතᬺߒߚศ⷗ำߢ޽ࠆ‫ߪߣ߽ߣ߽ޕ‬㓞ߩ᫪⎇ⓥቶߢ᦭ᯏߩ
ታ㛎ࠍ߿ߞߡ޿ߚߩߢ޽ࠆ߇‫ࠍ⺣⋧ߩ▚⸘ࡠ࡞ࠞ࠹ࡦࡕ߈ߣࠆ޽ޔ‬ฃߌߚߩ߇✼ߣߥߞߡ⒖☋ߣߥߞߚ‫ޕ‬ඳ჻⺖⒟ 3 ᐕ㑆ߢℂ⺰⎇ⓥࠍ┙ߜ਄ߍߡቢᚑߐߖࠆߣ޿߁೙⚂߇޽ࠆߩߢ‫ޔ‬หߓ᦭ᯏߩಽ㊁ߢߥߦ߆߿ࠅ߹ߒࠂ߁߆‫߁޿ߣޔ‬ᗵߓߢ⼏⺰ࠍᆎ߼ߚ‫ޕ‬ ߪߓ߼ߦᷰߒߚ⎇ⓥ࠹࡯ࡑߪ‫ߩ߹߹ߩߘޔ‬ᒻߢߪㆀⴕߢ߈ߥ޿ߎߣ߇ߔߋߦࠊ߆ߞߚ‫ᧄޕ‬ᒰߥࠄߎߎߢߜ߾ࠎߣ⼏⺰ߔߴ߈ߣ߈ߢߪ޽ߞߚ߇‫ޔ‬ᒰᤨߩ⑳ߦߪߘߩ૛ജ߇ߥߊ‫ߤࠎߣ߶ޔ‬᡼⟎᡼છ⁁ᘒߣߥߞߡߒ߹ߞߚ‫ޔ߈ߣߩߎޕ‬ᢇ਎ਥߣߥߞߡ޿ߚߛ޿ߚߩ߇‫ޔ‬㜞↰⎇ⓥቶߩ೨ᯅഥᢎߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬೨ᯅߐࠎߦ‫ޔ‬ศ⷗ำߩ⼏⺰ߩ⋧ᚻߦߥߞߡ޿ߚߛ޿ߚ‫ޕ‬㧔ߣ޿ߞߡ߽‫ޔ‬೨ᯅߐࠎߪ⥄りߩ⎇ⓥ߇޽ࠆߚ߼ߦ‫⎇ޔߩߩ߽߁޽߈ߟߪߦ⺰⼏ޔ‬ⓥߪߔߴߡศ⷗ำ߇⥄ਥ㨯⥄⊒⊛ߦㆀⴕߔࠆᒻ
ߦߥߞߚ‫ޕ‬㧕ศ⷗ำߪ․ߦඳ჻ 2 ᐕߦࠃߊീᒝߒߡᧄᒰߦિ߮ߚߣᕁ߁‫⥄ޕ‬ಽߢ࠹࡯ࡑࠍߺߟߌߡߊࠆࠃ߁ߦߥߞߚߩߢ
޽ࠆ‫ߪߢ߹ߎߎޕ‬ศ⷗ำߩ⎇ⓥߦ㑐ߒߡቢోߦ⑳ߩ⽸₂ߪ࠯ࡠߢ޽ࠆ‫ޔ߽ߩ߁޿ߣޕ‬ศ⷗ำߣ೨ᯅߐࠎߩ⼏⺰߇ㅜਛ߹ߢ߶ߣࠎߤℂ⸃ߢ߈ߥ߆ߞߚ߆ࠄߢ޽ࠆ‫ߪߩߚߞ߆ࠊ߇ߣߎࠆ޿ߡߞ߿ߦࠄ߇ߥߍࠈ߷߅ޕ‬ศ⷗ำ߇ඳ჻⺖⒟ 3 ᐕߦߥߞߚ޽ߚࠅߢ޽ࠆ‫ߪ⑳ࠎߛࠎߛޔࠄ߆ᦼᤨߩߎޕ‬ᤄߥ߇ࠄߩ࠳ࠗࠕࠣ࡜ࡓዷ㐿ߩ߅߽ߒࠈߐ߇ࠊ߆ߞߡ߈ߚ‫ޕ‬ศ⷗ำߩ⺰ᢥࠍᦠߊߦ޽ߚߞߡ‫⥄ޔ‬ಽߢ࠳ࠗࠕࠣ࡜ࡓߩ⚦߆޿⹤ࠍ޿ߓࠅ߹ࠊߔߩ߇ᭉߒߊߥߞߡ߈ߚ㧔౒⪺⠪ߪ⊕޿⋡ߢ⷗ߡ޿ߚ
߇㧕‫ࠅߓ޿ޕ‬࿁ߔߚ߮ߦ⺰ᢥᛩⓂ߇ㆃࠇߡߒ߹ߞߚ߆ࠄ‫ޔ‬ㅅᖺߛߌࠍ߆ߌߡ޿ߚߣ߽޿߃ࠆ‫ᧄޕ‬ᒰߦ↳ߒ⸶ߥ߆ߞߚߣᕁ߁‫ޕ‬ ศ⷗ำߣߩ౒ห⎇ⓥߢᔓࠇࠄࠇߥ޿ᕁ޿಴ߪ‫ޔ‬ศ⷗ำߩඳ჻⺰ᢥឭ಴⋥೨ߩᔀᄛ૞ᬺߢ޽ࠆ‫ߩࡉࠗࠬࡑࠬ࡝ࠢߪࠇߘޕ‬ᄛߢ޽ߞߚ‫ߣ⑳ޕ‬೨ᯅߐࠎ‫ޔ‬ศ⷗ำ߇ᖤჽᗵࠍᛴ߃ߥ߇ࠄ‫ᦨޔ‬ᓟߩၫ╩૞ᬺࠍⴕߞߡ޿ߚ‫ޕ‬Ꮕߒ౉ࠇߩ࠴࡚ࠦ࡟࡯࠻ߩᄢ
ඨࠍ㘩ߴߥ߇ࠄ‫ߪ⑳ޔ‬ㅜਛ߹ߢᚲຬቶߩ᫹ሶߢ῜⌧ߒߡ޿ߚ‫ߣࠎ߾ߜ߇⑳ޕ‬ᵴേߒߪߓ߼ߚߩߪᄛਛߔ߉߆ࠄߢ޽ࠆ‫ߎޕ‬7ߎ߆ࠄߥߗ߆ߔࠄߔࠄߣᢥ┨߇ߢߡ߈ߡ‫ޔ‬ේⓂߩ⿒߇ࠬࡓ࡯࠭ߦߟߌࠄࠇࠆࠃ߁ߦߥߞߡ߈ߚߩߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬㧔ศ⷗ำߪᓟߦ
‫ߣޠߚ߈ߡࠅ߅߇␹ޟ‬౬⺣߼߆ߒߡ޿ߞߡ޿ߚ߇‫ࠍ࠻࡯࡟࡚ࠦ࠴ߪߦ߼ߚߔࠈ߅ࠍ␹ޔ‬ᄢ㊂ߦ៨ขߔࠆᔅⷐ߇޽ࠅߘ߁ߢ
޽ࠆ‫ࠎࠈߜ߽ޕ‬චಽߥ⌧⌁߽޽ࠊߖߡ‫ޕ‬㧕᣿ߌᣇߏࠈߦߪ‫৻ޔ‬ㅢࠅߩᡷ⸓߇ߥࠎߣ߆⚳ࠊߞߚ‫ߩࡉࠗࠬࡑࠬ࡝ࠢޕ‬ᄛߪᦨᗲߩੱߣㆊߏߔ․೎ߥᣣߢ޽ࠆࠊߌߛ߇‫ߥࠈ޿ࠈ޿ߡߞߣߦ⑳ߪࡉࠗࠬࡑࠬ࡝ࠢߩߎޔ‬ᗧ๧ߢ↢ᶦᔓࠇࠄࠇߥ޿ᣣߣߥࠅ
ߘ߁ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ ߐߡศ⷗ำ߇߿ߞߚ઀੐ߪᄢ߈ߊಽߌߡੑߟ޽ࠆ‫ߪߟ৻ޕ‬㔚⩄⒎ᐨㄭறߢᏪ⏛₸߇ߤ߁ᝄࠆ⥰߁߆ߣ޿߁⎇ⓥ‫৻߁߽ޔ‬ߟߪ㔚⩄⒎ᐨㄭறߢߩ৻᭽㊄ዻ⁁ᘒߩ቟ቯᕈߩ⎇ⓥߢ޽ࠆ‫ߡߞߣߦ⑳ޔ߽ࠄߜߤߩߘޕ‬ᕁ޿౉ࠇߩᒝ޿߽ߩߢ޽ࠆ߇‫ߎޔ‬ߎߢߪᓟ⠪ߩ⎇ⓥࠍ⚫੺ߒࠃ߁‫᦭ޕ‬ᯏዉ૕♽ߢߪಽሶߏߣߦ㔚⩄⁁ᘒ߇੤੕ߦᄌൻߔࠆ‫ࠆࠁࠊ޿ޔ‬㔚⩄⒎ᐨ⋧ߣ๭߫ࠇࠆ
⋧߇ࠃߊ᷹ⷰߐࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬㔚⩄⒎ᐨߦ㑐ㅪߒߚ⃻⽎ߢ೨߆ࠄ᳇ߦߥߞߡ޿ߚߩߪ‫ޔ‬NMR ታ㛎ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬㧔ℂ⎇ߩᆂየߐࠎ߇⎇ⓥળߢᒝ⺞ߒߡ޿ߚߩߢࠃߊⷡ߃ߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬㧕NMR ߢߺࠆߣ‫ޔ‬㔚⩄⒎ᐨォ⒖ࠃࠅ㜞޿᷷ᐲߢ߈ࠊ߼ߡㆃ޿࠳ࠗ࠽ࡒࠢࠬ߇
ሽ࿷ߒߡ޿ࠆߎߣ߇␜ໂߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫޿ߚߞ޿ߪࠇߎޕ‬૗ߢ޽ࠈ߁߆㧫ߣ޿߁ߩ߇⇼໧ߢ޽ߞߚ‫ߒ߆ߒޕ‬ᱜ⋥⸒ߞߡ‫ߪ⑳ޔ‬ߒ߫ࠄߊߘߩߎߣࠍᔓࠇߡ޿ߚ‫ޕ‬ศ⷗ำ߇⽶ߩ࿶❗₸߇ߢࠆߣ޿߁࠾ࡘ࡯ࠬࠍ߽ߞߡߊࠆ߹ߢߪ‫ޕ‬ศ⷗ำߩ⸘▚ߪฎᑼࠁ߆ߒ߈࠳ࠗࠕࠣ࡜ࡓ⸘▚ߩᨒ⚵ߺߦߩߞߣߞߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬࿑ 2(a),(b)ߦቯᑼൻߦᔅⷐߥ࠳ࠗࠕࠣ࡜ࡓߩߩߖߡ߅ߊ‫⺑޿ߒ⹦ޕ‬᣿ߪ⋭ߊ߇‫ޔ‬ศ⷗ำߩ⸘▚ߩ⢄ߪ‫ޔ‬ㄭૃࠍⴕߞߚᓟ‫ޔ‬ᔕ╵㑐ᢙࠍਭ଻౏ᑼߢ᳞߼ࠆߩߢߪߥߊ‫☸ޔ‬ሶᢙࠍ⋥ធᓸಽߔࠆߎ
ߣߢ᳞߼ࠆߎߣߢ޽ࠆ‫⚿ޕ‬ᨐࠍ࿑ 2(c)ߦ␜ߔ‫⋧ޕ‬੕૞↪ߩᄢ߈ߐ V ࠍ‫ޔ‬㔚⩄⒎ᐨォ⒖߇↢ߓࠆὐ V=Vc ߦㄭߠߌߡ޿ߊߣ‫ޔ‬㔚⩄࿶❗₸㧔࿑ߢߪߘߩㅒᢙ㧕߇⽶ߦߥࠆ‫৻ߪࠇߎޕ‬᭽㊄ዻ⁁ᘒ߇ਇ቟ቯߦߥࠆߎߣࠍᗧ๧
ߔࠆ‫߇ࠇߎޕ‬㔚⩄⒎ᐨ᷷ᐲࠃࠅ㜞᷷ߩ․⇣ߥ‛ᕈߣ㑐ଥߔࠆߣ੍ᗐߐࠇࠆ‫⃻ޕ‬࿷‫ޔ‬ታ㓙ߦߤߩࠃ߁ߥ㔚⩄⁁ᘒ߇ታ⃻ߒߡ޿ࠆ߆㧔߅ߘࠄߊߪ㔚⩄ਇဋ৻⁁ᘒ㧕ߦ(c)ߟ޿ߡ‫⎇ޔ‬ⓥࠍ⛮⛯ߒߡ޿ࠆߣߎࠈߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ ศ⷗ำߘߒߡ೨ᯅߐࠎ߆ࠄ߽ታߦᄙߊߩߎߣࠍᢎ߃
ߡ߽ࠄߞߚ‫ࠅࠃߦߥޕ‬႐ߩℂ⺰ߦࠃࠆ៨േ⸘▚ߩ㊀ⷐߥ᭎ᔨࠍ⠌ᓧߐߖߡ߽ࠄߞߚߎߣ߇ߣߡ߽ᄢ߈޿‫੹ޕ‬ᓟ‫⎇ߩ⑳ޔ‬ⓥߩゲߩ৻ߟߦߥࠆߎߣߪ㑆㆑޿ߥ޿ߣߎ
ࠈߢ޽ࠆ‫ᦨޕ‬ㄭߢߪ‫ޔ‬ዊߐߥࠨࠗ࠭ߩᢙ୯⸘▚ߪ⃻⽎ߦࠃߞߡߪᗧ๧߇ߥ޿߆߽ߒࠇߥ޿ߣᕁ߁ࠃ߁ߦߥࠅ
ߟߟ޽ࠆ‫ߪࠇߘޕ‬៨േ⸘▚ߩࠨࠗ࠭ଐሽᕈࠍ⋡ߩᒰߚࠅߦߒߡߩ‫⚻ޔ‬㛎ߦၮߠߊ↢‫੍޿ߒޘ‬ᗐߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ศ⷗ำ‫ޔ‬೨ᯅߐࠎߦߪ‫ᧄޔ‬ᒰߦᗵ⻢ߒߡ߽ߒ߈ࠇߥ޿ᕁ޿
ߢ޿ߞ߬޿ߢ޽ࠆ‫⃻੹ޕ‬࿷߽‫ޔ‬ศ⷗ำߩඳ჻⺰ᢥߩౝኈࠍ⺰ᢥߦ߹ߣ߼ࠆߴߊ‫ߦߛᧂޔ‬ᅗ㑵ߒߚࠅ⿷ࠍ߭ߞ
߬ߞߚࠅߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬࿑㧞 (a) ࠣ࡝࡯ࡦ㑐ᢙߩ࠳ࠗࠕࠣ࡜ࡓ, (b)᦭ല⋧੕૞↪ߩ࠳ࠗࠕࠣ࡜ࡓ , (c) ᓧࠄࠇߚ࿶❗₸ߣᏪ⏛₸ːȅࠐႹୟ໦κϋΞ΃συ͈ਬఱ଼Ȫᚰུဎহ̯ͭȫ!
᧻የำߩ⎇ⓥࠍ⋥ធ߭߈ߟ޿ߛߩߪ‫ୃޔ‬჻⺖⒟߆ࠄ࿷☋ߒߡ޿ࠆựᧄำߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ᓐߪᐔᚑ 22 ᐕ 3 ᦬ߦඳ჻ࠍขᓧ੍ቯ
ߢ޽ࠅ‫ޔ‬ή੐තᬺߔࠇ߫ୃ჻⺖⒟߆ࠄ࿷☋ߒߡඳ჻ࠍතᬺߔࠆೋ߼ߡߩቇ↢ߣߥࠆ‫ޕ‬ựᧄำߣߩ౒ห⎇ⓥ߽‫ޔ‬ጊ޽ࠅ⼱޽ࠅߢ޽ߞߚ‫ୃޕ‬჻⺖⒟ߢߪ‫ޔ‬ựᧄำߦࡔ࠱♽ߩ໧㗴߇㕙⊕޿‫߈ߚߚߣޔ‬ㄟ߻ߛߌߢ⚳ࠊߞߡߒ߹ߞߚ‫ߩߘߒ߆ߒޕ‬ᓟ‫ୃޔ‬჻ߩ⚳ࠊࠅ߆ࠄ㧟ᐕ߶ߤߩ㑆ߢ‫᧻ߦߐ߹ޔ‬የำߣ߿ߞߚ⚻〝Ⓧಽࡕࡦ࠹ࠞ࡞ࡠᴺߩࡔ࠱♽߳ߩᔕ↪ࠍ㓸ᄢᚑߒߡߊࠇߚ‫ޕ‬߹ߕᦺ᳗࡜࠶࠹ࠖࡦࠫࡖ࡯ᵹ૕ߩਇ⚐‛໧㗴ࠍขࠅᛒ޿‫ߡ޿⛯ޔ‬㔚⩄ 2 ࠴ࡖࡦࡀ࡞ㄭ⮮ലᨐߩ໧㗴ߦขࠅ⚵ߺ‫ޔ‬හᐳߦ⺰ᢥߦߥߞߚ‫ޕ‬ᓐߪߎߎᢙᐕߩ⎇ⓥቶߩࠕࠢ࠹ࠖࡆ࠹ࠖߩਛᔃߣߥߞߡߊࠇߚ‫ޕ‬ᄢᄌ޽ࠅ߇ߚ޿ሽ࿷ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ ựᧄำߣߩ౒ห⎇ⓥߢ৻⇟ᕁ޿಴ᷓ޿ߩߪ‫⇟৻ޔ‬ᣂߒ޿⎇ⓥ࠹࡯ࡑߢ޽ࠆേ⊛ᛶ᛫ߩ⎇ⓥߩߣࠅ߆߆ࠅߪߓ߼ߩߣ߈ߢ޽ࠆ‫ ߩࠬࡦ࡜ࡈ߇⑳߼ߓߪޔߪࡑ࡯࠹ߩߎޕ‬Thierry Martin ᢎ᝼ߣ⼏⺰ߒߚߣ߈ߦ಴ߡ߈ߚ࠹࡯ࡑߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ᄢᄌ㝯ജ⊛8ߥ࠹࡯ࡑߢ޽ߞߚߩߢ‫⥄ߪ߼ߓߪޔ‬ಽ߇߿ߞߡߒ߹߅߁ߣ⠨߃ߡ޿ߚ‫ޕ‬ựᧄำߦ߽࠹࡯ࡑߩౝኈࠍવ߃ߟߟ߽‫ޟޔ‬వߦ⑳ߦ߿ࠄߖߡߊࠇ‫߇߁߶ߩ⑳ߒ߆ߒޕߚ޿߅ߡߞ⸒ߣޠ‬ᔔߒߊߥߞߡߒ߹޿‫ޔ‬ᢙࡩ᦬᡼⟎⁁ᘒߣߥߞߡߒ߹ߞߚ‫ޔ߈ߣࠆ޽ޕ‬ựᧄำ߇ߦ߿ߦ߿ߒߥ߇ࠄㄭߠ޿ߡߊࠆ‫ߣ߆ߦߥޕ‬ᕁ߃߫‫ޔ‬േ⊛ᛶ᛫ߩ⸘▚ߩᦨೋߩ⚿ᨐ߇ߢߡ޿ߚߩߢ޽ߞߚ‫ޟޕ‬వ↢߇߿ࠄߥ޿߆ࠄ‫ߩߣޠߚߒ߹޿߹ߒߡߞ߿߇⑳ޔ‬ᑯߢ޽ߞߚ‫ޕ‬એᓟߪ⼏⺰ࠍ⛮⛯ߒߥ߇ࠄ‫ߪ▚⸘ޔ‬ựᧄำ߇ᜂᒰߒߚ‫ޕ‬㐳޿㐳޿⼏⺰߿⚄૛ᦛ᛬ࠍ߳ߡ‫ᦨޔ‬ᓟߩ㕙⊕޿㊂ሶ⋧ォ⒖ࠍߺߟߌࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈‫⺰⪺౒ߣࡊ࡯࡞ࠣߩࠬࡦ࡜ࡈޔ‬ᢥߦ߹ߣ߼
ࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈ߚ‫ޕ‬ േ⊛ᛶ᛫ߪࡔ࠱ࠬࠦࡇ࠶ࠢ♽․᦭ߩ㕙⊕޿․ᕈߢ޽ࠆ‫ᦨޕ‬ㄭߩ㊂ሶ࠼࠶࠻ߩ੤ᵹᛶ᛫ࠍ᷹ߞߚታ㛎ߢߪ‫⋥ޔ‬ᵹ᷹ቯߢ࡜
ࡦ࠳࠙ࠕ࡯ᛶ᛫ߩ୯ h/e2×1/T

T ߪㅘㆊଥᢙ ߣߥࠆߪߕߩߣߎࠈߢ੤ᵹ᷹ቯࠍߔࠆߣേ⊛ᛶ᛫߇ㅘㆊଥᢙߦࠃࠄߕߦ

h/2e2 ߣߥࠆ⃻⽎߇᷹ⷰߐࠇࠆ‫࠻ࡦ࡟࡯ࡅࠦߪࠇߎޕ‬વዉߢࠠ࡞ࡅࡎ࠶ࡈߩᴺೣ߇ᚑ┙ߒߡ޿ߥ޿ߎߣࠍ␜ໂߒߡ߅ࠅ‫ޔ‬ࡔ࠱♽ߩ࠳ࠗ࠽ࡒࠢࠬߩ․ᓽࠍࠃߊ␜ߒߡ޿ࠆ⃻⽎ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬㔚ሶ㑆⋧੕૞↪ࠍήⷞߢ߈ࠆߣ߈ߩℂ⺰ߪߔߢߦ Büttikerࠄߦࠃߞߡ᭴▽ߐࠇߡ޿ߡ‫ޔ‬ታ㛎ߣ߽ࠃߊ޽ߞߡ޿ߚ‫ߒ߆ߒޕ‬㊂ሶ࠼࠶࠻ߩࠨࠗ࠭ࠍᄌ߃ߚߣ߈߿‫ޔ‬ಽᢙ㊂ሶࡎ࡯࡞ߩ
ࠛ࠶ࠫ⁁ᘒࠍߟ߆ߞߚߣ߈ߦ‫ޔ‬ᄙ૕㔚ሶലᨐ߇એ਄ߩ⚿ᨐߦᓇ㗀ࠍ޽ߚ߃ࠆ߆ߤ߁߆ߦߟ޿ߡ‫⎇ߤࠎߣ߶ޔ‬ⓥ߇ⴕࠊࠇߡ
޿ߥ߆ߞߚ‫ޕ‬ựᧄำߪࡕࡦ࠹ࠞ࡞ࡠ⸘▚ߣ➅ࠅㄟߺ⟲ࠍ㚟૶ߒ‫ࠬࡦ࡜ࡈޔ‬஥ߩ៨േ⸘▚ߣ⚵ߺวࠊߖߡ‫ޔ‬ಽᢙ㊂ሶࡎ࡯࡞ലᨐߩࠛ࠶ࠫ⁁ᘒߢ㊂ሶ࠼࠶࠻ࠍߟߊࠆߣ‫ޔ‬㕙⊕޿㊂ሶ⋧ォ⒖߇⃻ࠇߡേ⊛ᕈ⾰ࠍᄢ߈ߊᄌᦝߔࠆߎߣࠍ⊒⷗ߒߚ‫ޕ‬࿑ 3ߦਥⷐߥ⸘▚⚿ᨐࠍ␜ߔ‫ޕ‬ಽᢙ㊂ሶࡎ࡯࡞ലᨐߩࠛ࠶ࠫ⁁ᘒߢ㊂ሶ࠼࠶࠻ࠍ૞ࠅ‫ߦ࠻࡯ࠥޔ‬੤ᵹ㔚࿶ࠍដߌߡࠕ࠼ࡒ࠶࠲
ࡦࠬࠍ᷹ቯߔࠆ࠮࠶࠹ࠖࡦࠣࠍ⠨߃ ࿑ 3(a) ‫᦭ޔ‬ല࿁〝ߢ␜ߐࠇࠆേ⊛ᛶ᛫ߩ᷹ቯࠍ⠨߃ࠆ‫ޕ‬ᓧࠄࠇߚേ⊛ᛶ᛫ࠍ࿑3(b)ߦ␜ߔ‫ޕ‬ᮮゲߪ㊂ሶ࠼࠶࠻ߣ࡝࡯࠼㑆ߩᢔੂࡐ࠹ࡦࠪࡖ࡞ߩᒝᐲߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬㐿޿ߚࠛ࠶ࠫ⁁ᘒ V=0 ߆ࠄᓢ‫ࠇ߮ߊߦޘ‬ߩㇱಽߦࠥ࡯࠻㔚࿶ࠍ߆ߌߡ޿ߊ V ࠍᄢ߈ߊߔࠆ ߣ‫ޔ‬㊂ሶ࠼࠶࠻ࠍᒻᚑߒߪߓ߼ࠆ‫ߕ߹ޕ‬േ⊛ᛶ᛫ߪ V ߇ዊߐ޿ߣߎ
ࠈߢߪ‫ޔ‬లႯ࿃ሶQ߇ߟߊߎߣએᄖߪ‫ߥ࡞ࠨ࡯ࡃ࠾࡙ޔ‬ᛶ᛫୯h/e2×1/Qࠍߣࠆߎߣ߇ࠊ߆ࠆ‫ߩߎޕ‬㗔ၞߢߪ Buttiker ߩℂ⺰(a)߆ࠄߘࠇ߶ߤ㆑ߞߚᝄࠆ⥰޿ߪ Qߩ࿃ሶࠍߩߙ߈ ߺࠄࠇߥ޿‫ޕ‬ߒ߆ߒ‫ޔ‬లႯ࿃ሶQ=1/3, 1/5 ߩߣ߈ߦߪ‫ ࠆ޽ޔ‬V ߩߒ߈޿୯
ࠍႺߦߒߡ‫ޔ‬േ⊛ᛶ᛫߇⊒ᢔߔࠆ⃻⽎߇ߺࠄࠇࠆ‫ߪࠇߎޕ‬ታߪ
㊂ሶ⋧ォ⒖⃻⽎ߦߥߞߡ޿ߡ‫ޔ‬ᄢ߈޿ V ߢߪ㊂ሶ࠼࠶࠻߇ૐ
᷷߹ߢ޿ߟ߹ߢ߽ࠦࡅ࡯࡟ࡦ࠻⁁ᘒߦߥࠄߕߦࠗࡦࠦࡅ࡯࡟ࡦ
࠻ߩ߹߹޿ࠆߎߣ߇ේ࿃ߢ޽ࠆ‫⚿▚⸘ޕ‬ᨐ߇ᓧࠄࠇᆎ߼ߚߣ߈(b)ߦ‫⋧ߩߎޔ‬ォ⒖⃻⽎߇ฎፒߣ Matveev ߦࠃߞߡ੍⸒ߐࠇߡ޿
ࠆߎߣࠍ⍮ߞߚ‫ޔߒ߆ߒޕ‬ᓐߩ⚿ᨐߪേ⊛ᛶ᛫ߢߩ഍⊛ᄌൻ߹ߢ੍⸒ߒ‫ߡߞࠃߦ▚⸘ࡠ࡞ࠞ࠹ࡦࡕߟ߆ޔ‬᣿⏕ߦ⋧ォ⒖ࠍ␜ߒ
ߚὐ߇ᣂߒ޿‫ޕ‬ ựᧄำߣߪᣣ㗃߆ࠄ‫ޟ‬ਛ㑆⚿ว㗔ၞߢߩਇ቟ቯ࿕ቯὐࠍߐ߇
ߖ㧍‫߁޿ߣޠ‬ว⸒⪲ࠍ߽ߞߡ޿ߚ‫ߢ࠱ࡔ߇ࠇߘޕ‬㕙⊕޿දജ⃻⽎ࠍߺߟߌࠆᦨ⍴ߩ⚻〝ߛߣ⠨߃ߡ޿ߚ߆ࠄߢ޽ࠆ߇‫ޔ‬ታ㓙ߦߘࠇࠍታⴕߒߡᦨᓟߩߣߡ߽㕙⊕޿⚿ᨐࠍߛߒߡߊࠇߚߩߪ‫ޔ‬߭ߣ߃ߦựᧄำߩ⛘߃㑆ߥ޿ദജߩ⚿ᨐߛߣᕁ߁‫ޕ‬ựᧄำߣߪ⎇ⓥએᄖߦ߽‫ߊࠃޔ‬ቇ↢ㇱደߢ࡚ࠫ࡯ࠢ߫߆ࠅߣ߫ߒߡ޿ߚ‫ޕ‬ᓐߪ⁛․ߩ࡙࡯ࡕࠕߩᜬߜਥߢ‫߅ߪ߈ߣ޿ࠄߟޔ‬੕޿╉޿ߦㆶరߒ‫߆ߣࠎߥߢ޿╉ޔ‬ਸ਼ࠅ⿧߃ߡ߈ߚࠃ߁ߦᕁ߁‫ޕ‬

࿑ 3 (a) ㊂ሶ࠼࠶࠻♽ߩ᭎⇛࿑(b) ㅘㆊଥᢙࠍᄌൻߐߖߚߣ߈ߩേ⊛ᛶ᛫ߩ୯ˑȅ̷͈͕̥̤ͅଲდ̹̈́̽ͅ‫ވ‬൳ࡄ‫ݪ‬৪!
 ߎߎߢߪ⎇ⓥቶߦ࿷☋ߒߚ 3 ฬߩቇ↢ࠍゲߣߒߡ⸥੐ࠍᦠ޿ߚ߇‫ޔ‬ᒰὼߥ߇ࠄߘߩ߶߆ߦ߽ᄙߊߩ౒ห⎇ⓥ⠪ߩ߅਎⹤ߦߥߞߡ޿ࠆ‫♽ᤨޕ‬೉㗅ߦ೉᜼ߒߚ޿‫ޕ‬ਛ⷏Პ᳁ ↥✚⎇ ߪ‛ᕈ⎇ⓥᚲቴຬᚲຬߣߒߡ౒ห⎇ⓥࠍᆎ߼‫ޔ‬㊂ሶ࠼࠶࠻ߩ
ᾲ㔚⢻ߩ઀੐ࠍߒߚ‫⋧ޕ‬੕૞↪߇ߥ޿ᮨဳߢ߽‫ߢ⊛⾰ᧄޔ‬㕙⊕޿⃻⽎߇⃻ࠇࠆߣ޿߁ᗧ๧ߢ‫߅ߩ⑳ޔ‬᳇ߦ౉ࠅߩ઀੐ߦ
ߥߞߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬Golubov ᳁ Twente ᄢ ߦߪ 3 ࡩ᦬ߩ㐳ᦼṛ࿷ߦ⺃ߞߡ޿ߚߛ߈‫ޔ‬ਛ᧛ᵏା᳁ NEC ߣ౒⪺ߢSធว㊂ሶ
9ࡆ࠶࠻ߩ⺰ᢥࠍቢᚑߐߖߚ‫ޕ‬ਔ᳁ߦߪᄢᄌ߅਎⹤ߦߥࠅᗵ⻢ߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬Ꮉ⇌ผ㇢᳁ ↥✚⎇ ߣߪᤄ߆ࠄߩ㘶ߺખ㑆㧫ߢ‫ޔ‬ᦨㄭᏂⷞ⊛㊂ሶ࠻ࡦࡀ࡞⃻⽎ߩ઀੐ࠍᚻવࠊߖߡ߽ࠄߞߡ޿ࠆ‫ߩ⑳ޕ‬ቇ↢ᤨઍߩ⺰ᢥߩᑧ㐳✢ߥߩߢ‫ޔ‬ᙬ߆ߒ޿᳇ᜬߜߦ
ߥࠅߥ߇ࠄ⼏⺰ߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ᆂየੳ༹᳁ ℂ⎇ ߪࠊߑࠊߑ‛ᕈ⎇ⓥᚲߦࡀ࠲ࠍ߽ߞߡ߿ߞߡ߈ߡ‫᦭ޔ‬ᯏߩℂ⺰⎇ⓥ߳ߩᚻ߇߆ࠅࠍਈ߃ߡߊࠇߚ‫ޔࠄ߆⺰⼏ߩߎޕ‬ᄢႦ㓶৻᳁ ℂ⎇ ‫ޔ‬᳞ᐘᐕ᳁ ᧲ᄢᎿ ߣߩ⎇ⓥ߇ᆎ߹ࠅ‫ޔ‬ᡆ৻ᰴర᦭ᯏዉ૕ߩ᦭㒢᷷ᐲ⋧࿑ߩ⎇ⓥ߇ㅴዷߒߚ‫ޔߛߚޕ‬ㅜਛߢ޽߹ࠅ⎇ⓥߦෳടߢ߈ߕߚ߮ߚ߮ㅅᖺࠍ߅߆ߌߒߚߎߣࠍ߅⹟߮ߒߚ޿‫ߟ޿ޕ‬߆૗ࠄ߆ߩᒻߢ߅㄰ߒߒߚ޿ߣᕁߞߡ޿ࠆ ᦼᓙߒߡߥ޿ߣᕁ߁߇ ‫ޕ‬Ꮉፉ⎇ⓥቶߩን↰⵨੺᳁ߣߪ‫⺃࡯ࠨࠢ࡜࡝ޔ‬㔚૕ߢᕁࠊߧᒻߢ౒ห⎇ⓥ߇ㅴዷߒߟߟ޽ࠆ‫‛ޕ‬ᕈ⎇ⓥᚲߪ‫ޔ‬ᤄߪ⺃㔚૕⎇ⓥ߇ᄢᄌ⋓ࠎߢ޽ߞߚ߇‫ߩߘޔ‬ౣ᧪ࠍ⋡ᜰߘ߁㧍ߣ‫ޔ‬ᗧ᳇ㄟߺ ߛߌ㧫 ߪᄢ߈ߊ߇ࠎ߫ߞߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬੗᧛ஜ৻㇢᳁ ᧲ർᄢℂ ߪ৻ᐕ㑆ࡐࠬ࠼ࠢߣߒߡ⎇ⓥቶߦ޿ߡ߽ࠄ޿‫߈ࠃޔ‬వヘߣߒߡቇ↢ߩ㕙ୟࠍߺߡ޿ߚߛ޿ߚࠅ‫ޔ‬ựᧄำߩ઀੐ߩᚻવ޿ࠍߒߡ߽ࠄߞߚࠅߒߚ‫ޕ‬Thierry Martin ᢎ᝼ࠍ⚫੺ߒߡߊࠇߚߩ߽ᓐߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬2007 ᐕࠃࠅഥᢎߣߒߡ⿞છߒߚౝᶏ⵨ᵗ᳁ߦߪ‫ޔ‬ቢోଥᢙ⛔⸘߿ំࠄ߉ߩቯℂߦߟ޿ߡ޿ࠈ
޿ࠈᢎ߃ߡ޿ߚߛ߈‫࡯ࠟ࡯ࠨࡦࠝޔ‬㑐ଥᑼߩ᜛ᒛߦߟ޿ߡඳ჻⺖⒟ቇ↢ߩદ⥜↰⧷ノߐࠎߣ౒ห⎇ⓥࠍⴕߞߚ‫ޕ‬තᬺ↢ߩ┻ౝ⛽᢯ᢥߐࠎߣߪ Rashba ⋧੕૞↪߇޽ࠆ♽ߩャㅍ․ᕈߦߟ޿ߡ‫ޔ‬ᢙ୯⸘▚ߩ✵⠌ࠍⴕߞߚ‫ޕ‬หߓߊතᬺ↢ߩ↰᧛ᓼፏߐࠎߣߪ‫ޔ‬ਛᕈࠗࠝࡦᕈォ⒖ߦ㑐ߒߡ㊂ሶࡕࡦ࠹ࠞ࡞ࡠ⸘▚ࠍⴕ޿‫⚿ޔ‬ᨐࠍ⺰ᢥߦ߹ߣ߼ߟߟ޽ࠆ‫ୃޕ‬჻⺖⒟ߩ㒙ㇱᒄᐘߐࠎߣߪ p ᵄ⿥વዉធวߦ㑐ߒߡ‫⇐ޔ‬ቇ⎇ⓥຬߩḡᎹ⧷⟤ߐࠎߣߪ᦭ᯏߩ㔚⩄⒎ᐨߦ㑐ߒߡ‫⃻ޔ‬࿷⎇ⓥࠍㅴⴕਛߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬
2009 ᐕ 8 ᦬߆ࠄߪຠጟኡߐࠎ߇ࡐࠬ࠼ࠢߣߒߡวᵹߒ‫⎇ߩ࡯ࠨࠢ࡜࡝ޔ‬ⓥߦදജߒߡ߽ࠄߞߡ޿ࠆ‫౒ߚ߹ޕ‬ห⎇ⓥ⠪ߢߪߥ޿߇‫ޔ‬ᄙߊߩ੐ോᚻ⛯߈ߢ߅਎⹤ߦߥߞߚᳯญᶈሶߐࠎߦᗵ⻢ߩᗧࠍ⴫ߒߚ޿‫ޕ‬˒ḙ̥͈̏ͦͣࡄ‫!ݪ‬ ߟࠇߠࠇߥࠆ߹߹ߦᦠ߈ߔ߉ߚ߆߽ߒࠇߥ޿‫ᦨޕ‬ᓟߦዋߒߛߌ߹ߓ߼ߥ੹ᓟߩ⎇ⓥ⸘↹ࠍ߆߈ߚ޿‫ޕ‬ၮᧄߪᄙ૕㔚ሶലᨐ߇ലߊ㕙⊕޿⃻⽎ࠍ߼ߑߒߚ޿ߣ⠨߃ߡ޿ࠆ‫ߥࠈ޿ࠈ޿ޕ‬ಾࠅญ߇⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆ‫〝⚻ޕ‬Ⓧಽࡕࡦ࠹ࠞ࡞ࡠᴺߪ߹ߛ߹ߛ⊒ዷߩ૛࿾߇޽ࠆߒ‫ޔ‬႐ߩℂ⺰⊛ߥᣇᴺࠍ⃻ઍߩᢙ୯ᚻᴺߩⷞὐ߆ࠄ⷗⋥ߔߎߣ߽㊀ⷐߥ࠹࡯ࡑߛߣᕁ߁‫ౕޕ‬૕⊛ߥ⋡ᮡߣߒߡߪ‫ߩ࠱ࡔޔ‬ಽ㊁ߢߪㄭ⮮㗔ၞ㊂ሶ࠼࠶࠻ߩ㕖ᐔⴧવዉ․ᕈࠍขࠅᛒ߁ᢙ୯ᚻᴺࠍ૞ࠆߎߣ‫᦭ޔ‬ᯏ߿⺃㔚૕ߩಽ㊁ߢߪ╙৻ේℂ⸘▚ߩ࠳࠙ࡦࡈࠜ࡯࡞࠺ࠖࡦࠣߣ㊂ሶࡕࡦ࠹ࠞ࡞ࡠᴺߥߤߩᢙ୯࠰࡞ࡃ࡯ߣ⚵ߺวࠊߖߦࠃࠆ‛ᕈ⹏ଔࠍߔࠆߎ
ߣ‫߇ޔ‬᜼ߍࠄࠇࠆ߆ߣᕁ߁‫ޕ‬10 ᐕࠍ⎇ⓥߩ৻ߟߩࡇ࡝ࠝ࠼ߛߣ⠨߃ࠇ߫‫⿞ޔ‬છߒߡ߆ࠄߩ 5 ᐕߪ੹߆ࠄᝄࠅ㄰ࠇ߫⒳߹
߈ߩቄ▵ߣ޿߁ᗵߓߢㆊ߉ߚ‫ޕ‬ᱷࠅߩ 5 ᐕߢ৻ቯߩ෼ⓠࠍ޽ߍࠄࠇࠆࠃ߁‫ޕ޿ߚࠅ߫ࠎ߇ޔ‬[⚫੺ߒߚ⎇ⓥౝኈߩᢥ₂][1] T. Matsuo, Y. Natsume, and T. Kato: J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. 75, 103002 (2006).
[2] K. Yoshimi, H. Maebashi, and H. Maebashi: in preparation.
[3] Y. Hamamoto, T. Jonckheere, T. Kato, and T. Martin: arXiv:0911.4101, submitted to Phys. Rev. Lett.

10ŊŔŔő ࣭षΏϋεΐ;θġ ŉŰųŪţŢĮŊŔŔőġŊůŵŦųůŢŵŪŰůŢŭġŔźŮűŰŴŪŶŮġŰůġ“ŉźťųŰŨŦů ŢůťġŸŢŵŦųġŪůġŤŰůťŦůŴŦťġŮŢŵŵŦųġűũźŴŪŤŴ”ġĩŊŔŔőĲĲĪġ

 2009 ᐕ 10 ᦬ 12 ᣣ߆ࠄ 10 ᦬ 16 ᣣ߹ߢ‫ޔ‬ජ⪲⋵㐳↢㇭ߩ‫↢ޟ‬๮ߩ᫪࡝࠱࡯࠻‫ޔߢޠ‬Horiba-ISSP International Symposium
on “Hydrogen and water in condensed matter physics” ߇㐿௅ߐࠇߚ‫੹ޕ‬࿁ߩ╙ 11 ࿁ ISSP ࿖㓙ࠪࡦࡐࠫࡓ(ISSP11)ߪ‫ ╙ޔ‬3 ࿁᧲੩ᄢቇၳ႐࿖㓙ળ⼏ၮ㊄ߩో㕙⊛ߥេഥࠍฃߌߡ㐿௅ߐࠇߚ‫᧲ޕ‬੩ᄢቇၳ႐࿖㓙ળ⼏ߩ⿰ᣦߦߪ‫ޟޔ‬㐿௅ᦼ㑆ࠍߣ߅ߒߡෳട⠪ోຬ߇ኋᴱߒ‫⻠ߚࠇߐ↹⸘ޔ‬Ṷ࡮⸛⺰ߩ߶߆‫ޔ‬୘ੱ⊛ߥ⸛⺰ߥߤ⥄↱ߥ㔓࿐᳇ߢቇ໧⊛ߥ੤ᵹߣੱ㑆⊛ߥធ⸅ࠍᷓ߼‫ޔ‬᳗⛯ߔࠆදജߩၮ⋚ࠍ▽ߊߎߣߦ㈩ᘦߔࠆ‫߇ߣߎޠ‬᜼ߍࠄࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ㆊ෰ߩ ISSP ࿖㓙ࠪࡦࡐࠫ࠙ࡓߪ‫ޔ‬ฦㇱ㐷߿ᣉ⸳߇ਛᔃߣߥࠅ 2㨪3 ᐕᲤߦ‛ᕈ⎇ⓥᚲߩ⻠⟵ቶߢⴕࠊࠇߡ߈ߚ߇‫ޔ‬ISSP11 ߪၳ႐࿖㓙ળ⼏ߩ⿰ᣦߦೣࠅ‫ޔ‬਄⸥ߩળ႐ߦᴱ߹ࠅㄟߺߢⴕߞߚ‫ޕ‬࿖ౝᄖ߆ࠄ 22 ઙߩ᜗ᓙ⻠Ṷ‫ޔ‬19 ઙߩญ㗡⊒⴫㧔ଐ㗬⻠Ṷ㧗৻⥸⻠Ṷ㧕߅ࠃ߮ 49 ઙߩࡐࠬ࠲࡯⊒⴫㧔ᒰᣣ‫ޔ‬ᢙฬߩᰳᏨࠍ฽߻㧕߇޽ߞߚ‫ޕ‬ෳട⠪✚ᢙߪ 103 ฬߢ޽ߞߚ‫ޕ‬࿖ౝታⴕᆔຬߣ᜗ᓙ⻠Ṷ⠪ࠍ⴫ 1
ߣ⴫ 2 ߦ␜ߔ‫ޕ‬⴫㧝 ࿖ౝታⴕᆔຬߣኾ㐷ಽ㊁
ฬ  ೨ᚲ    ዻኾ㐷ಽ㊁═ ੗ ⑲ ᣿ᄢ㒋ᄢቇ࡮㒮࡮Ꮏ‛ᕈℂ⺰㚅 ౝ   ᤩർᶏ㆏ᄢቇ࡮ૐ᷷⎇

ቝቮᖺᤊ⑼ቇ㕍 ᧁ ൎ ᢅᣣᧄේሶജ⎇ⓥ㐿⊒ᯏ᭴㊄ዻ᳓⚛ൻ‛ߩ᭴ㅧߣ‛ᕈ⑔ ⼱ స ਯ᧲੩ᄢቇ࡮↢↥⎇⴫㕙‛ℂᳰ ↰   ㅴ㜞ࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯ടㅦེ⎇ⓥᯏ᭴࡮‛᭴⎇ਛᕈሶ⑼ቇ␹ ข ⑲ ᮸ฬฎደᎿᬺᄢቇ࡮㒮࡮Ꮏ↢‛‛ℂർ Ꮉ   ብ੩ㇺᄢቇ࡮㒮࡮ℂ

࿕૕‛ᕈൻቇᅏ ጊ   ᒄ੩ㇺᄢቇ࡮㒮࡮ℂ⴫㕙⑼ቇ

᧖ ᧄ ⑲ ᒾਛᄩᄢቇ࡮ℂ࡮Ꮏ࿕૕ਛ᳓⚛ߩ㊂ሶ‛ᕈᏱ ⴕ ⌀ ม᧲੩ᄢቇ࡮㒮࡮ℂ⸘▚‛ᕈ‛ℂᷰ ㇱ ⋥ ᮸ർᶏ㆏ᄢቇ࡮ૐ᷷⎇᳖⴫㕙ߩൻቇ‛ℂᩊ ጊ ల ᒄ᧲੩ᄢቇ࡮‛ᕈ⎇㜞ಽሶ‛ᕈൻቇㄆ     ၨ᧲੩ᄢቇ࡮‛ᕈ⎇శ‛ᕈ᧖ ㊁   ୃ᧲੩ᄢቇ࡮‛ᕈ⎇⸘▚‛ᕈ‛ℂ਄ ᐥ ⟤ ਽᧲੩ᄢቇ࡮‛ᕈ⎇㜞࿶࿕૕‛ᕈጊ ቶ   ୃ᧲੩ᄢቇ࡮‛ᕈ⎇ಝ㓸૕ߩൻቇ‛ᕈ౎ ᧁ ஜ ᒾ᧲੩ᄢቇ࡮‛ᕈ⎇⿥㜞࿶‛ᕈê ା   ᷕ᧲੩ᄢቇ࡮‛ᕈ⎇⴫㕙⇇㕙ߩ‛ℂൻቇ

11⴫㧞 ᜗ᓙ⻠Ṷ⠪ߣ⻠Ṷౝኈฬ  ೨

12ᚲ   ዻ⻠ Ṷ ౝ ኈ

C. A. Angell

Arizona State Univ.

On the phase behavior of stretched, supercooled
and glassy water, and its relation to that of other networkand molecular systems

I. Chorkendorff

Tech. Univ. of Denmark

New Catalysts and Electro-Catalysts for Hydrogen
Production and Conversion

A. Faraone

National Institute of Standards andTechnology

Structural and Dynamical Properties of Water Confined in a
Nanoporous Silica Matrix

Y. Fukai

Chuo Univ.

Iron with water/hydrogen at high pressures

Y. Furukawa

Hokkaido Univ.

Ice Crystal Growth - From Space Experiment to Biological
AspectK. Gerwert

Ruhr- Univ. BochumProteins in Action: Monitored by time-resolved FTIR
spectroscopy

R. Griessen

VU Univ.

Shedding light on hydrogen

A. Gross

Univ. Ulm

Ab initio studies of hydrogen adsorption and absorption andwater-metal interfaces

R. J. Hemley

Carnegie Institution of Washington

Molecules, Compounds, and Mixtures in the HydrogenOxygen System at High Pressures

C. Heske

Univ. of Nevada

Soft x-ray and electron spectroscopy of the electronic
structure of water and materials for photoelectrochemical
water splitting

M. Kataoka

Nara Inst. of Sci. and Tech.

Effect of Hydration Water on Protein Dynamics

A. R. Khokhlov

Moscow State Univ.

Computer Simulation of Proton-Conducting
Polymer Membranes Structure and Transport Properties

K. Morgenstern

Leibniz Univ. HannoverIce on metal surfaces structure and electron
dynamics

M. Muthukumar

Univ. of Massachusetts

Aqueous Assembly of Polyelectrolytes

A. Nilsson

Stanford Synchrotron Radiation
Lightsource

X-ray studies of hydrogen bonding in water

J. Nørskov

Tech. Univ. of Denmark

Interaction of water, hydrogen and oxygen with surfaces understanding the water splitting and oxygen reduction
processes

T. Okuchi

Okayama Univ.

Proton and hydrogen dynamics in hydrogen - bonded
materials at ultrahigh pressures by high resolution diamondanvil cell NMR technique

M. Osawa

Hokkaido Univ.

Structure of Water at the Electrochemical Interface Studied
by Infrared Spectroscopy

V. Pirronello

Univ. Catania

Experimental Studies of Molecular Hydrogen Formation on
Surfaces of Astrophysical Interest

D. Richter

Forschungszentrum Jülich

Functional dynamics of proteins as revealed by neutron
spin echo spectroscopy

M. Salmeron

Lawrence Berkeley National
Laboratory

Water adsorption and reactions on metal surfaces

M. E. Tuckerman.

New York Univ.

Proton and hydroxide ion solvation and transport inaqueous environments ળ⼏ߢߪ‫ޔ‬࿾⃿߅ࠃ߮ቝቮߦ࡙ࡆࠠ࠲ࠬߦሽ࿷ߒ‫ᦨޔ‬ㄭࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯߿ⅣႺ໧㗴߆ࠄᵈ⋡ࠍ㓸߼ߡ޿ࠆ᳓⚛ߣ᳓ߦߟ޿ߡ‫ޔ‬‛ᕈ‛ℂߩⷞὐ߆ࠄ⼏⺰ࠍⴕߞߚ‫ޕ‬ᓥ᧪ߩቇળ߿ኾ㐷ಽ㊁ߩ၂ᩮࠍขࠅᛄ޿‫ޟ‬᳓⚛ߣ᳓ߩ‛ᕈ⑼ቇ‫ⷰ߁޿ߣޠ‬ὐ߆ࠄ‫ޔ‬᭽‫ߥޘ‬ಽ㊁ߩᣇ‫ߦޘ‬ታⴕᆔຬߦߥߞߡ޿ߚߛ߈㧔⴫㧝㧕‫ߣࠬࠢ࠶ࡇ࠻ޔ‬᜗ᓙ⻠Ṷ୥⵬⠪ࠍ࡝ࠬ࠻ࠕ࠶ࡊߒߚ‫࠙ࠫࡐࡦࠪޕ‬ࡓߢߪ‫ޔ‬᳓ߩಝ㓸⋧‫ޔ‬ቝቮ߿↢૕ߦ߅ߌࠆ᳓࡮᳖‫⾰‛ޔ‬ਛ㧔↢૕߆ࠄ࿕૕߹ߢ㧕ߩࡊࡠ࠻ࡦ࠻࡜ࡦࠬࡈࠔ࡯‫ࡑ࠻ࡈ࠰ޔ‬࠲࡯ߣ᳓‫᧚ޔ‬ᢱਛߩ᳓⚛‫ޔ‬᳓⚛⚿วߣ᳓ߩ㔚ሶ⁁ᘒ‫ޔ‬㜞࿶ਅߩ᳓‫⴫ޔ‬㕙ߦ߅ߌࠆ᳓⚛ߣ᳓‫ޔ‬㔚᳇ൻቇ෻ᔕ‫ޔ‬೙㒢ⓨ㑆ߦ߅ߌࠆ᳓‫ޔ‬᳓⚛ߩ㊂ሶലᨐߥߤߩ࠻ࡇ࠶ࠢࠬߦߟ޿ߡ‫ޔ‬᜗ᓙ⻠Ṷ⠪㧔⴫㧞㧕߅ࠃ߮৻⥸⻠Ṷ⠪߇ᦨᣂߩᚑᨐߦߟ޿ߡ⊒⴫ߒߚ‫⧯ޔߚ߹ޕ‬ᚻ⎇ⓥ⠪߆ࠄ㕖Ᏹߦ⾰ߩ㜞޿ࡐࠬ࠲࡯⊒⴫߇ᄙᢙ޽ࠅ‫ᤨߩࡦ࡚ࠪ࠶࠮࡯࠲ࠬࡐޔ‬㑆߇⍴ߊߡ⿷ࠅߥ޿ߊࠄ޿
ᾲᔃߦ⼏⺰߇⛯޿ߚ‫ޔߦࠄߐޕ‬ෳട⠪ߪળ႐ߩኋᴱᣉ⸳ߦᴱ߹ࠅߎࠎߢᢙᣣ㑆ㆊߏߒߚߩߢ‫ޔ‬ᢔᱠ߿㘩੐ਛߥߤࠗࡦ
ࡈࠜ࡯ࡑ࡞ߥ႐ߢ߽⼏⺰ࠍߔࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈‫౒ޔ‬ห⎇ⓥߩ߈ߞ߆ߌ߽ߢ߈ߚߣ⡞޿ߡ޿ࠆ ળ⼏ᓟ‫ޔ‬ᶏᄖߩ᜗ᓙ⻠Ṷ⠪߆ࠄዯ޿ߚࡔ࡯࡞ߩߥ߆ߦߪ‫“ޔ‬It was a wonderful meeting, perfectly organized, andwith an outstanding scientific program - I learned a lot!”ߣ޿߁޽ࠅ߇ߚ޿ࡔ࠶࠮࡯߽ࠫ޽ߞߚ‫ޔࠎࠈߜ߽ޕ‬ળ⼏߇ᚑഞ⵰ߦㆇ༡ߢ߈ߚ৻⇟ߩⷐ࿃ߪ‫᧲ޟޔ‬੩ᄢቇၳ႐࿖㓙ળ⼏‫‛ޕࠆ޽ߢ࠻࡯ࡐࠨߩࠄ߆ޠ‬ᕈ⎇ⓥᚲ߆ࠄߪ‫ޔ‬࿖ౝ᜗ᓙ⻠Ṷ⠪߅ࠃ߮ቇᄖታⴕᆔຬࠍ౒ห೑↪བྷ⸤⎇ⓥຬߣߒߡࠨࡐ࡯࠻ߒߡ޿ߚߛ߈‫ޔ࠼࡯ࡏ࡯࠲ࠬࡐߦࠄߐޔ‬ᶧ᥏ࡊࡠࠫࠚࠢ࠲࡯ߥ
ߤࠪࡦࡐࠫ࠙ࡓㆇ༡ߦᔅⷐߥ⾗᧚߽೑↪ߐߖߡ޿ߚߛ޿ߚ‫‛ޔߚ߹ޕ‬ᕈ⎇ⓥᚲߩ࿖㓙੤ᵹቶ‫ޔ‬ታⴕᆔຬߩ⎇ⓥቶߦᚲዻߔ
ࠆࠬ࠲࠶ࡈ‫ޔ‬ᄢቇ㒮↢߅ࠃ߮⒁ᦠߐࠎߦߪ‫ޔ‬ળ⼏ߩㆇ༡ࠍ߅ᚻવ޿޿ߚߛ޿ߚ‫ߩߎޕ‬႐ࠍ୫ࠅߡᡷ߼ߡᗵ⻢ߒߚ޿‫ޕ‬ ߥ߅‫ޔ‬ળ⼏ߩࠬࠦ࡯ࡊ߿ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߩ⹦⚦ߦߟ޿ߡߪ‫ޔ‬ਅ⸥ߩ Web ࠨࠗ࠻߆ࠄᖱႎࠍᓧࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈ࠆ‫ޕ‬
http://www.issp.u-tokyo.ac.jp/public/issp-11/index.php ߹ߛ㨮“Extended Abstracts”ߩᱷㇱ߇ᄙዋ޽ࠆߩߢ‫⥝ޔ‬๧߇޽ࠆᣇߪታ⾌ߢ߅ࠊߌߒ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬issp11scrt@issp.u-tokyo.ac.jp߹ߢㅪ⛊ߒߡਅߐ޿‫ޕ‬㧔ᢥ⽿㧦᧲੩ᄢቇ‛ᕈ⎇ⓥᚲ ାᷕ㧕ญ㗡⊒⴫㘑᥊㧔࠺ࡦࡑ࡯ࠢᎿ⑼ᄢቇࡀ࡞ࠬࠦࡈᢎ᝼㧕ࡐࠬ࠲࡯ળ႐㘑᥊ġ13໤଻ࡄ‫ݪ‬ਫ਼ౣ‫ݪࡄܢ‬ٛ!

! “ΟͻρΛ·ഩঊࠏ͈໤଻гΈρέͿϋ̤͍͢‫۾‬Ⴒ໤ৗ͈ड߃͈ࡄ‫!”ݪ‬!
ᣣᤨ㧦 ᐕ  ᦬  ᣣ ᧁ 㨪 ᐕ  ᦬  ᣣ ࿯ ႐ᚲ㧦᧲੩ᄢቇ‛ᕈ⎇ⓥᚲᧄ㙚㧢㓏ᄢ⻠⟵ቶ 㧭                                   ឭ᩺⠪㧦⑔ጊኡ㧔᧲ᄢ㒮ℂ㧕቟⮮ᕡ਽㧔᧲Ꮏᄢ㒮ℂᎿ㧕᭑ᢅ᣿㧔᧲Ꮏᄢ㒮ℂᎿ㧕㥲⮮ℂ৻㇢㧔᧲ർᄢ㒮ℂ㧕ᮻ⨥ᷡᖗ㧔᧲ᄢ㒮Ꮏ㧕

⑔ጊ⑲ᢅ㧔᧲੩ℂᄢ✚ว㧕ዊ᫪ᢥᄦ㧔᧲ᄢ‛ᕈ⎇㧕㐳↰ବੱ㧔᧲ᄢ‛ᕈ⎇㧕㐳⼱Ꮉᐘ㓶㧔᧲ᄢ‛ᕈ⎇㧕 ⧷☨ߩࠣ࡞࡯ࡊ߇නጀࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦ૞ᚑߦᚑഞߒߡએ᧪ߎߩᢙᐕ㑆ߦ‫ဳ✢ޔ‬ಽᢔ㑐ଥߦ⿠࿃ߒߚ࿕૕ਛ࠺ࠖ࡜࠶ࠢ㔚ሶ♽
ߣߒߡߩ․⇣ߥᕈ⾰ߩ⎇ⓥ߇਎⇇ⷙᮨߢ῜⊒⊛ߦㅴࠎߢ޿ࠆ‫੹ޕ‬ᓟ߽‫ࡦࡇࠬޔ‬஍ᭂߒߚ㊂ሶࡎ࡯࡞ࠛ࠶ࠫ⁁ᘒ߿ಽᢙ㊂ሶࡎ࡯࡞ലᨐ‫ࠢ࠶࡜ࠖ࠺ޔ‬ὐߦ߅ߌࠆᱷ⇐㊂ሶવዉᐲ‫ޔ‬෻ዪ࿷ലᨐߥߤࡌ࡝࡯૏⋧߇߽ߚࠄߔ․⇣ߥ‛ᕈ‫࠶ࠛࡦࠚࡈ࡜ࠣޔ‬ࠫ⁁ᘒ߅ࠃ߮࠽ࡁࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦߩ⏛ᕈߥߤߩ⎇ⓥ࠹࡯ࡑߢ‫ޔ‬ᣂዷ㐿߇ᦼᓙߢ߈ࠆ‫੹ޕ‬࿁ߩ⍴ᦼ⎇ⓥળߪ‫ߩߎޔ‬ಽ㊁ߢᵴべߒߡ޿ࠆℂ⺰⎇ⓥ⠪‫ޔ‬ャㅍ․ᕈ‫ޔ‬శ㔚ሶಽశ‫⿛ޔ‬ᩏ࠻ࡦࡀ࡞㗼ᓸ࡮ಽశߥߤ⇣ߥࠆታ㛎ᛛⴚࠍ߽ߟ⎇ⓥ⠪‫⹜ߩ⥄⁛ޔ‬ᢱ૞
ᚑ࡮ಣℂᛛⴚࠍ߽ߟ⎇ⓥ⠪‫߮ࠃ߅ޔ‬ಽሶᕈવዉ૕߿࠻ࡐࡠࠫࠞ࡞⛘✼૕ߥߤ㑐ㅪߔࠆ࠺ࠖ࡜࠶ࠢ㔚ሶ♽ߩ⎇ⓥ⠪߇‫৻ޔ‬ၴߦળߒߡᖱႎࠍ੤឵ߒ⼏⺰ߔࠆߎߣࠍ⋡⊛ߣߒߡ‫ޔ‬㐿௅ߐࠇߚ‫ޕ‬ એਅߩࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߦ޽ࠆࠃ߁ߦ‫ޔ‬3 ᣣ㑆ߢࡐࠬ࠲࡯⊒⴫ࠍ฽߼ߡ 59 ઙߩ⻠Ṷ߇޽ࠅ‫ޔ‬ᵴ⊒ߥ⼏⺰߇ⴕߥࠊࠇߚ‫੹ޕ‬࿁ߩ⎇ⓥળ߇‫ޔ‬਎⇇ߦ⊒ାߔࠆ⎇ⓥᚑᨐࠍᣣᧄ߆ࠄ↢ߺ಴ߔ߈ߞ߆ߌߣߒߚ޿‫ޕ‬ࡊ ࡠ ࠣ ࡜ ࡓ
21 ࠮ 33 ඾Ȫ23;61Ƚ28;46ȫ!
12:50 ߪߓ߼ߦΈρέͿϋࡄ‫ه͂ે࡛͈ݪ‬ఴ㧔ᐳ㐳 ዊ᫪ ᢥᄦ㧕
13:00ࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦߩ‛ℂ㧙ᡆࠬࡇࡦ࡮࠯ࡠࡕ࡯࠼⇣Ᏹ࡮ኻ⒓ᕈ

቟⮮ ᕡ਽㧔᧲Ꮏᄢ㒮ℂ㧕

13:30

࠯ࡠ⾰㊂࠺ࠖ࡜࠶ࠢ☸ሶ♽ߩ㊂ሶࡎ࡯࡞ലᨐ

㊁᧛ ஜᄥ㇢㧔᧲ർᄢ㒮ℂ㧕

14:00

ࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦߩ⏛᳇ᛶ᛫౎ᧁ 㓉ᄙ㧔ᐢᄢవ┵‛⾰㧕

14:30

ࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦ࡮࠽ࡁࠞ࡯ࡏࡦߩ࡜ࡑࡦಽశ

ᢪ⮮ ℂ৻㇢㧔᧲ർᄢ㒮ℂ㧕

15:00

ભᙑ

14

Αάϋၠ͂ΟͻρΛ·ഩঊ㧔ᐳ㐳 ⑔ጊ ⑲ᢅ㧕
15:20

Spin transport in graphene.⊕⍹ ⺈ม㧔㒋ᄢ㒮ၮ␆Ꮏ㧕

15:50

࠻ࡐࡠࠫࠞ࡞⛘✼૕ߣ⴫㕙࠺ࠖ࡜࠶ࠢ㔚ሶ᧛਄ ୃ৻㧔᧲Ꮏᄢ㒮ℂ㧕

16:20

Z2 ࠻ࡐࡠࠫࠞ࡞⛘✼૕ߦ߅ߌࠆࡃ࡞ࠢߣ┵̅᦭ലℂ⺰ߣᩰሶᮨဳߩᲧセ੗᧛ ஜ৻㇢㧔᧲ർᄢ㒮ℂ㧕

16:40

࠻ࡐࡠࠫࠞ࡞⛘✼૕ Bi-Sb ߇␜ߔ⇣Ᏹ‛ᕈ቟⮮ 㓁৻㧔㒋ᄢ↥⎇㧕

17:10
!

ࡆࠬࡑࠬਛ࠺ࠖ࡜࠶ࠢ㔚ሶߩࡎ࡯࡞ലᨐફደ 㓶♿㧔㒋ᄢ㒮ၮ␆Ꮏ㧕

21 ࠮ 34 ඾Ȫ:;11Ƚ28;66ȫ!
΢ΦΈρέͿϋ㧔ᐳ㐳 㥲⮮ ℂ৻㇢㧕
9:00

㊄ዻ⴫㕙਄ߦᚑ㐳ߒߚ CVD ࡜ࡈࠚࡦ hгBN ⤑ᄢፉ ᔘᐔ㧔ᣧᄢℂᎿ㧕

9:30

࠽ࡁࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦߩ㔚ሶ᭴ㅧߣ⏛ᕈ᭑ ᢅ᣿㧔᧲Ꮏᄢ㒮ℂ㧕

10:00

࠽ࡁ⚦ሹࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦߩഃᚑ࡮㔚ሶ⁁ᘒ࡮‛ᕈᤐጊ ⚐ᔒ㧔㕍ጊቇ㒮ᄢ㒮ℂᎿ㧕

10:20

ભᙑ

໦ঊ଻ΟͻρΛ·ഩঊࠏ㧔ᐳ㐳 㐳↰ ବੱ㧕
10:35࠺ࠖ࡜࠶ࠢࠦ࡯ࡦߩ௑ᢳߦ⿠࿃ߔࠆᡆࠬࡇࡦᒝ⏛ᕈߣ KT ォ⒖ዊᨋ ᤩੱ㧔ฬᄢቇ㜞╬⎇㧕

11:05ಽሶᕈ࠺ࠖ࡜࠶ࠢ㔚ሶ♽ߦ߅ߌࠆ࠯ࡠࡕ࡯࠼↰᎑ ዏ਽㧔ℂ⎇㧕

11:35

᦭ᯏ࠯ࡠࠡࡖ࠶ࡊඨዉ૕ߦ߅ߌࠆ㕙㑆⏛᳇ᛶ᛫ℂ⺰᫪ᚑ 㓉ᄦ㧔੩ᄢၮ⎇㧕

12:00᦭ᯏ࠯ࡠࠡࡖ࠶ࡊવዉ૕ (BEDT-TTF)2I3 ߩጀ㑆ࡎ࡯࡞ലᨐ૒⮮ శᐘ㧔᧲㇌ᄢℂ㧕

12:20
!

ᤤ㘩

13:20

εΑΗȜΓΛΏοϋ

15:00
!

ભᙑ

΀Λΐેఠ㧔ᐳ㐳 ⑔ጊ ኡ㧕
15:20࠽ࡁࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦߩ㔚ሶ‛ᕈߣャㅍ․ᕈ

15:50

Edge states and possible magnetic states in nanographene and⧯ᨋ సᴺ㧔NIMS㧕

open-shell conjugated systems.

㊎⼱ ༑ਭ㓶㧔↥✚⎇㧕࠽ࡁࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦߩ┵ᣇะ⼂೎ߣ㔚ሶャㅍ㜞੗ ๺ਯ㧔᧲Ꮏᄢ㒮ℂ㧕

16:30

ࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦ߅ࠃ߮ࠣ࡜ࡈࠔࠗ࠻⴫㕙ߩ STM/STS ᷹ⷰᴡว ⋥᮸㧔᧲ᄢ㒮ℂ㧕

16:50

Edge states of epitaxially grown graphene on 4H-SiC(0001) studied

16:10

by scanning tunneling spectroscopy.

ฟ  ⨃㧔ᐢᄢ㒮ℂ㧕

17:10

ࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦ┵ߦ߅ߌࠆᡆࠬࡇࡦ෻኿ߩℂ⺰ߣ࡜ࡑࡦಽశ૒‫ ᧁޘ‬ஜ৻㧔NIMS㧕

17:35
!

honeycomb lattice ߩ⇣ᣇᕈߦࠃࠅ⺃⿠ߐࠇࠆ࠻ࡐࡠࠫࠞ࡞㊂ሶ⋧ォ⒖

૒⮮ ᣽೑㧔᧲ᄢ‛ᕈ⎇㧕

21 ࠮ 35 ඾Ȫ:;11Ƚ27;11ȫ!
΀άΗ΅ΏλσΈρέͿϋ㧔ᐳ㐳 㐳⼱Ꮉ ᐘ㓶㧕
9:00

SiC ࠽ࡁ⴫㕙਄ߩࠛࡇ࠲ࠠࠪࡖ࡞ࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦ

↰ਛᖗ㧔਻ᄢ㒮Ꮏ㧕

9:25

SiC ਄ࠛࡇ࠲ࠠࠪࡖ࡞ᢙጀࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦߩⓍጀ࠼ࡔࠗࡦ

ᣣᲧ㊁ ᶈ᮸㧔NTT ၮ␆⎇㧕

9:50

SiC ਄ࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦፉߩℂ⺰ᬌ⸛ᓇፉ ඳਯ㧔NTT ၮ␆⎇㧕

10:10

SiC ⴫㕙ߦ૞ᚑߒߚࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦߩ㜞ಽ⸃⢻ ARPES⩲ේ స᣿㧔᧲ർᄢ WPI㧕

10:30

SiC ਄ࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦߩ㔚ሶ⁁ᘒ᷹ቯ

ਛㄞ

10:50

ભᙑ

ኡ㧔᧲ᄢ‛ᕈ⎇㧕

15ΈρέͿϋၑა㧔ᐳ㐳 ቟⮮ ᕡ਽㧕
11:05ࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦߩ゠㆏෻⏛ᕈ

⿧㊁ ᐙੱ㧔᧲Ꮏᄢ㒮ℂ㧕

11:30

ࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦߩࠨࠗࠢࡠ࠻ࡠࡦ౒㡆ߦኻߔࠆᄙ૕ലᨐ

ᵻ㊁ ᑪ৻㧔㒋ᄢ㒮ℂ㧕

11:50

ࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦ෸߮ࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦ࠽ࡁ࡝ࡏࡦߩ㔚᳇વዉߦ߅ߌࠆ㊄ዻ㔚ᭂ

12:15

ᤤ㘩

ߣߩធวߩᓇ㗀⋧㚍 ⡡ᢥ㧔␹ᚭᄢ㒮Ꮏ㧕!
࿶௣࡛ય㧔ᐳ㐳 ᮻ⨥ ᷡᖗ㧕
13:00ࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦߦ߅ߌࠆ⿥વዉㄭធലᨐߩℂ⺰ᨋ ᱜᒾ㧔⑺↰ᄢᢎ⢒ᢥൻ㧕

13:20

ࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦߩ⿥વዉㄭធലᨐ␹↰ ᥏↳㧔╳ᵄᄢ㒮ᢙℂ‛⾰㧕

13:40

ࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦធวߦ߅ߌࠆࠬࡇࡦࡎ࡯࡞ᵹጊᓇ ⋧㧔᧲ർᄢ㒮ℂ㧕

14:00

ࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦ࠽ࡁ᭴ㅧߩ૞⵾ߣャㅍ⃻⽎↸↰ ෹᮸㧔᧲ᄢ↢↥⎇㧕

14:20

2 ጀࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦߩ㔚᳇વዉႦ⿧ ৻ੳ㧔NIMS㧕

14:50

3 ጀࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦߩ㔚᳇વዉߣࡃࡦ࠼᭴ㅧጊᧄ ୶ਭ㧔᧲ᄢ㒮Ꮏ㧕

15:10

ࠣ࡜ࡈࠔࠗ࠻߅ࠃ߮ࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦߩ⏛᳇ャㅍߣ Dirac 㔚ሶ㐳↰ ବੱ㧔᧲ᄢ‛ᕈ⎇㧕

15:30

Conductance fluctuations in the magnetoresistance of the grapheme
quantum dot.

15:50
!

⪭ว ാ৻㧔ජ⪲ᄢⲢว⑼ቇ㧕㐽ળ!
εΑΗȜΓΛΏοϋίυΈρθ!
!
21 ࠮ 34 ඾Ȫ24;31Ƚ26;11ȫ!
P1㧚SbCl5-GIC ߆ࠄ૞⵾ߒߚࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦߩャㅍ․ᕈ

ᷓ↰ ⺈਽㧔ᐢᄢ㒮వ┵‛⾰㧕

P2㧚ࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦߦ߅ߌࠆᒙዪ࿷ߩ⋧࿑㧙“Z2-classification”

੗᧛ ஜ৻㇢㧔᧲ർᄢ㒮ℂ㧕

P3㧚࠺ࠖ࡜࠶ࠢ㔚ሶ♽ߦ߅ߌࠆ pn ធว㧙ࠢ࡜ࠗࡦ㨯࠻ࡦࡀ࡞ߣࠬࡇࡦ゠㆏⋧੕૞↪

੗᧛ ஜ৻㇢㧔᧲ർᄢ㒮ℂ㧕

P4㧚ᱜᏱ㊄ዻ㧙࠽ࡁࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦ࡝ࡏࡦ㧙ᱜᏱ㊄ዻធว♽ߩ㔚᳇વዉศጟ ⧷↢㧔ᄹ⦟ᅚᄢ㒮ੱ㑆ᢥൻ㧕P5㧚X ✢ๆ෼ಽశࠍ↪޿ߚ࠽ࡁࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦߩ㔚ሶ⁁ᘒߦ㑐ߔࠆ⎇ⓥ

ᧁญ  ቇ㧔᧲Ꮏᄢ㒮ℂ㧕

P6㧚Formation process and local structure of epitaxial graphene.

ࠨࡒ࡯࡞ ࡑ࠶ࡑ࠼ࡈ㧔㒋ᄢ㒮Ꮏ㧕P7㧚alpha-(ET)2I3 ߩ࠺ࠖ࡜࠶ࠢ⁁ᘒߦ߅ߌࠆࠬࡇࡦᏪ⏛₸ᷡ᳓ ᐽᒄ㧔ฬᄢ㜞╬⎇㧕

P8㧚㕖ធ⸅ේሶ㑆ജ㗼ᓸ㏜ߦࠃࠆ࠽ࡁࠨࠗ࠭㉄ൻࠣ࡜ࡈࠔࠗ࠻ߩ᭴ㅧ⹏ଔ⮮੗ ᘕᄥ㇢㧔᧲Ꮏᄢ㒮ℂᎿ㧕

P9㧚Zero modes, energy gap, and edge states of anisotropic honeycomb
lattice in a magnetic field.

ᳯፒ ஜᄥ㧔᧲ᄢ‛ᕈ⎇㧕

P10. DFT ⸘▚ߦࠃࠆࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦࠪ࡯࠻਄ߩๆ⌕ሶߩ㔚ሶਛ↰ ⻞๋㧔㠽ขᄢᎿ㧕

P11. ᒝ⏛႐ߦ߅ߌࠆࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦߩࠬࡇࡦಽⵚਛේ ᄢ੺㧔᧲ᄢ‛ᕈ⎇㧕

P12. ࡃ࡝ࠬ࠹ࠖ࠶ࠢࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦធวߩ૞⵾ߣ㔚᳇વዉ᷹ቯ෹೑ ߭߆ࠅ ╳ᵄᄢᢙℂ‛⾰⑼ቇ

P13. ࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦᄙጀ⤑ߦ߅ߌࠆࠬࡇࡦવዉߩ㔚⇇೙ᓮᓟ⮮ ⑲ᓼ㧔╳ᵄᄢ‛ℂ㧕

P14. ᒝ⏛ᕈ૕ Ni(111)㕙਄ߦᚑ㐳ߒߚࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦߩࠬࡇࡦ㔚ሶ⁁ᘒ㤥↰ ஜᄥ㧔ᐢᄢ㒮ℂ㧕

P15. ࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦߩ૞⵾ߣ⿛ᩏ࠻ࡦࡀ࡞㗼ᓸ㏜ߦࠃࠆߘߩ⹏ଔߩ⹜ߺᳯญ ⼾᣿㧔᧲ᄢ‛ᕈ⎇㧕

P16. 2 ጀࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦߦ߅ߌࠆ㔚᳇વዉߩ㔚⇇೙ᓮߣ࠺ࡃࠗࠬᔕ↪

ችፒ ਭ↢㧔NIMS㧕

P17. Gain tunable inverter in dual-gated bilayer grapheme㤡 ᧻ᨋ㧔NIMS㧕

P18. Gravitational anomaly and quantized thermal transport ingraphene-derived insulators↰ਛ ⑺ᐢ㧔NIMS㧕

P19. ࡆࠬࡑࠬ⭯⤑♽ߦ߅ߌࠆ㊂ሶࠬࡇࡦࡎ࡯࡞ലᨐ๺↰ ⌀᮸㧔᧲Ꮏᄢ㒮ℂ㧕

P20. ㊂ሶࠬࡇࡦࡎ࡯࡞♽ߦ߅ߌࠆᾲ㔚ലᨐ㜞ᯅ 㓉ᔒ㧔᧲Ꮏᄢ㒮ℂ㧕

16ΈρέͿϋ͈໤ၑȽ݀ΑάϋȆΔυκȜΡ։ુȆచઠ଻!
቟⮮ ᕡ਽㧔᧲੩ᎿᬺᄢቇℂᎿቇ⎇ⓥ⑼‛ᕈ‛ℂቇኾ᡹㧕ᦨㄭ‫ߩ࠻ࠗࠔࡈ࡜ࠣޔ‬නේሶጀ߆ࠄߥࠆࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦ૞⵾ߐࠇ‫ޔ‬㔚᳇વዉ߿㊂ሶࡎ࡯࡞ലᨐ߇᷹ⷰߐࠇߚ‫ߩߘޕ‬ᓟ‫ࡍࠬޔ‬ࠢ࠻ࡠࠬࠦࡇ࡯ࠍਛᔃߦᢙᄙߊߩᣂߒ޿ታ㛎⚿ᨐ߇ႎ๔ߐࠇᆎ߼ࠆߣߣ߽ߦ‫ޔ‬Ფᣣߩࠃ߁ߦᣂߒ޿ℂ⺰߇⊒⴫ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ߏߊᦨㄭಽᢙ㊂ሶࡎ࡯࡞ലᨐࠍ᷹ⷰߒߚߣߩႎ๔߽޽ࠆ‫ߩⱎߪࡦࠚࡈ࡜ࠣޕ‬Ꮍᩰሶࠍ߽ߜ‫࡯ࠡ࡞ࡀࠛࡒ࡞ࠚࡈޔ‬ઃㄭߩࡃࡦ࠼ߪ‫⚿ޔ‬ว߳ߩነਈ߇ᒙ޿S゠㆏߆ࠄߥࠅ‫ࡦࠕ࡞࡝ࡉ৻╙ޔ‬ၞߩ┵ߦ޽ࠆ K ὐߣ K'ὐઃㄭߢ‫ޔ‬ᵄᢙߩ 1 ᰴߦᲧ଀ߔࠆ
ಽᢔࠍ߽ߟ‫ߩࡦࠚࡈ࡜ࠣޕ‬ᕈ⾰ߪߎߩ K ὐߣ K'ὐઃㄭߩ⁁ᘒߢ᳿߹ࠆ‫ߩߎޕ‬ㆇേᣇ⒟ᑼߪේὐߦ࠻ࡐࡠࠫࠞ࡞․⇣ὐࠍ߽ߟ‫ޕ‬ታ㓙‫ޔ‬ᵄᢙࠍᢿᾲ⊛ߦේὐߩ߹ࠊࠅߢ࿁ォߐߖࠆߣ‫ߩ࡯࡝ࡌޔ‬૏⋧ߦࠃࠅᵄേ㑐ᢙߩ╓ภ߇෻ォߔࠆ‫৻ޕ‬ᣇ‫ޔ‬ේὐࠍ฽߹ߥ޿ࠃ߁ߦ࿁ォߐߖࠆߣᵄേ㑐ᢙߩ╓ภߪᄌൻߖߕ‫ߦߣ߽ޔ‬ᚯࠆ‫ߩ࡯࡝ࡌߩߎޕ‬૏⋧ߪ㊄ዻ࠽ࡁ࠴ࡘ࡯ࡉߢਇ⚐‛ᢔੂߦࠃࠆᓟᣇᢔੂ߇⑌ᱛߐࠇࠆቢోዉ૕ᕈࠍᒁ߈⿠ߎߔ‫⏛ޔߚ߹ޕ‬႐ਛߩࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦߢߪ‫࠙࠳ࡦ࡜ߦ࡯ࠡ࡞ࡀࠛࡠ࠯ޕ‬Ḱ૏߇ሽ࿷ߒ‫ޔ޿઻ߦࠇߘޔ‬෻⏛ᕈᏪ⏛₸ߩࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯ଐሽᕈߦ࠺࡞࠲㑐ᢙ⊛․⇣ᕈ߇⃻ࠇࠆ‫⇣․ߩߎޕ‬ᕈߪ‫ߦઁߩߎޔ‬߽‫ޔ‬ᄌ⺞⏛႐ߦኻߔࠆᔕ╵‫ޔ‬㕒⊛޽ࠆ޿ߪേ⊛ߥ㔚᳇વዉ‫ޔ‬ᒙ⏛႐ࡎ࡯࡞ലᨐߥߤ‫ޔߪߢߎߎޕࠆࠇ⃻ߦ⽎⃻ߥ߹ߑ߹ߐޔ‬ߎߩࠃ߁ߥ࠯ࡠࡕ࡯࠼⇣Ᏹߣ๭߫ࠇࠆ⃻⽎ࠍਛᔃߣߒߡᦨㄭߩ⎇ⓥߦߟ޿ߡ᭎ⷰߔࠆ‫ޕ‬ΔυৗၾΟͻρΛ·ၥঊࠏ͈ၾঊγȜσ࢘‫!ض‬㊁᧛ ஜᄥ㇢㧔᧲ർᄢℂ㧕ㄭᐕ‫߿ࡦࠚࡈ࡜ࠣޔ‬࿶ജਅߩ᦭ᯏવዉ૕ߥߤ᭽‫ߥޘ‬ಝ❗♽ߦ߅޿ߡ⾰㊂࠯ࡠߩੑᰴర࠺ࠖ࡜࠶ࠢ☸ሶߩ಴⃻߇᣿ࠄ߆ߦ
ߐࠇߚ‫ ߦࠄߐޕ‬3 ᰴర࠻ࡐࡠࠫࠞ࡞⛘✼૕ߩ⴫㕙ߢߪᄸᢙ୘ߩ࠺ࠖ࡜࠶ࠢࡕ࡯࠼߇ሽ࿷ߒ‫‛ߩߘޔ‬ᕈ߇ᵈ⋡ࠍ㓸߼ߡ޿ࠆ‫ࠄࠇߎޕ‬ᣂߒ޿♽ߢߪᓥ᧪ߩ 2 ᰴర㔚ሶ♽ߣߪ഍⊛ߦ⇣ߥࠆ‫☸ࠢ࠶࡜ࠖ࠺ޔ‬ሶߦ⿠࿃ߔࠆ․⇣ߥ࠯ࡠ⏛႐ャㅍ⃻⽎‫ޔ‬㊂ሶࡎ࡯࡞ലᨐ߇⊒⷗ߐࠇߚ‫ߩࠄࠇߎޕ‬ታ㛎ߦ⸅⊒ߐࠇ‫ޔ‬ᚒ‫ߩࡦࠝࡒ࡞ࠚࡈࠢ࠶࡜ࠖ࠺ߪޘ‬ャㅍ⃻⽎ߩਛߢ߽‫ߦ․ޔ‬㊂ሶലᨐߦ⿠࿃ߔࠆή⏛႐ߢߩዪ࿷໧㗴ߣ⏛႐ਅߢߩ㊂ሶࡎ࡯࡞ലᨐߩ⎇ⓥߦ⌕ᚻߒߚ‫⃻ޕ‬ታߩ⹜ᢱߩࠃ߁ߦਇ⚐‛ࡐ࠹ࡦࠪࡖ࡞߇㐳〒㔌⊛[1,2]ߢࡃ࡟࡯㑆ᢔੂ߇ήⷞߢ߈ࠆ㗔ၞߢߪએਅߩࠃ߁ߥ⚿ᨐ߇ᓧࠄࠇߚ‫ޕ‬㧔1㧕ή⏛႐ߢߩવዉᐲߩࠬ
ࠤ࡯࡝ࡦࠣ㑐ᢙߪᏱߦᱜߢ‫ࡦ࠰࡯࠳ࡦࠕޔ‬ዪ࿷ߪ⿠ߎࠄߥ޿[3]‫ޕ‬㧔2㧕ࠬࡍࠢ࠻࡞ࡈࡠ࡯⸃ᨆ߆ࠄᤨ㑆෻ォኻ⒓ᕈ߇޽ࠆ
㒢ࠅ࠺ࠖ࡜࠶ࠢࡈࠚ࡞ࡒࠝࡦߩዪ࿷ൻߪ࠻ࡐࡠࠫࠞ࡞ߦ⑌ᱛߐࠇࠆ[3]‫ޕ‬㧔3㧕⏛႐ਛߢߪࡎ࡯࡞વዉᐲ߇ e2/h ࠍන૏ߦඨᢛᢙߦ㊂ሶൻߐࠇࠆ߇‫ޔ‬ᒙ⏛႐ᭂ㒢ߦ߅޿ߡߪr1/2 ߦߩߺ㊂ሶൻߐࠇࠆ[4]‫ߪࠄࠇߎޕ‬ㅢᏱߩ㧞ᰴర㔚ሶ♽ߩᒙ⏛႐ᭂ㒢 ࡎ࡯࡞વዉᐲ‫ޔ‬ኻⷺવዉᐲߪߣ߽ߦ 0‫ߣ ⋧✼⛘ࡦ࠰࡯࠳ࡦࠕޔ‬ኻᾖ⊛ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ [1] K. Nomura and A.H. MacDonald, Phys. Rev. Lett. 96, 256602 (2006).
[2] K. Nomura and A.H. MacDonald, Phys. Rev. Lett. 98, 076602 (2007).
[3] K. Nomura, M. Koshino, S. Ryu, Phys. Rev. Lett. 99, 146806 (2007).
[4] K. Nomura, S. Ryu, M. Koshino, C. Mudry, A. Furusaki, Phys. Rev. Lett. 100, 246806 (2008).
17

ΈρέͿϋ͈ঽ‫ܨ‬೷ࢯ!
౎ᧁ 㓉ᄙ㧔ᐢፉᄢቇᄢቇ㒮వ┵‛⾰⑼ቇ⎇ⓥ⑼㧕
නጀ߆ࠄᢙጀࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦߩ⏛᳇ᛶ᛫᷹ቯࠍ⹦ߒߊ߅ߎߥߞߚ‫ޕ‬ጀᢙߦᔕߓߡᛶ᛫ߩࠥ࡯࠻㔚࿶ଐሽᕈߣ⏛႐ଐሽᕈ߇‫ޔ‬㔚ሶ᭴ㅧߩ㆑޿ࠍ෻ᤋߒߡጀᢙߦଐሽߒߡᄢ߈ߊᄌൻߔࠆߩ߇᷹ⷰߐࠇߚ‫ޕ‬නጀߣ 2 ጀߩࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦߢߪ‫ޔ‬S-dH ᝄേߩ૏⋧߇ Sߛߌߕࠇࠆߚ߼ߦ‫ޔ‬ᝄേߩ૏⋧߇෻ォߒߡ᷹ⷰߐࠇߚ‫ޕ‬3 ጀࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦߢߪ‫ޔ‬㊂ሶᝄേ߇㗼⪺ߢߥߊߥࠅ‫ޔ‬ࠥ࡯࠻㔚࿶ଐሽᕈߦ㑐ߒߡ᏷ߩᐢ޿ᱜߩ⏛᳇ᛶ᛫߇ਥߣߒߡ᷹ⷰߐࠇߚ‫ޕ‬නጀࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦߢߪ‫ޔ‬㔚⩄ਛᕈὐઃㄭߩ⏛᳇ᛶ᛫ߩ⏛႐ଐሽᕈߦ‫ߩ࡞ࡖࠪࡦ࠹ࡐޔ‬ⓨ㑆ំࠄ߉ߦ⿠࿃ߔࠆ․ᓽ⊛ߥ᭴ㅧ߇⃻ࠇߚ‫⏛ࡠ࠯ޕ‬႐߆ࠄ 2T ⒟ᐲ߹ߢߩ⏛႐㗔ၞߢ‫ޔ‬ᕆỗߦჇᄢߔࠆ⏛᳇ᛶ᛫߇᷹ⷰߐࠇ‫ߩߘޔ‬ᓟ‫ⶄޔ‬㔀ߥዊᝄേࠍ⷗
ߖߟߟ‫⏛ޔ‬᳇ᛶ᛫߇ᱜ⽶ߦᄌൻߔࠆ‫⏛ߩߎޕ‬᳇ᛶ᛫ߩᄢ߈ߐߪ‫ޔ‬2 ጀ߿ 3 ጀࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦࠃࠅ߽߆ߥࠅᄢ߈ߊ‫ߩߘޔ‬ᒻ߽⾰⊛ߦ⇣ߥࠅ‫ޔ‬නጀࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦ․᦭ߩᕈ⾰ࠍ෻ᤋߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬㔚⩄ਛᕈὐߢߩ㜞⏛႐⏛᳇ᛶ᛫ߩ⏛႐ଐሽᕈߪ‫ߦ࡞ࡊࡦࠨޔ‬ࠃߞߡߐ߹ߑ߹ߥ᭽⋧ࠍ⷗ߖࠆ߇‫⚛ޔ‬ሶߩࡄ࡜ࡔ࡯࠲ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޔ‬㔚⩄ਛᕈὐߢߩᱷ⇐㔚⩄ߩ㗅ߦᢛℂߔࠆߣ‫ޔ‬ᱷ⇐㔚⩄ߩዊߐߥ߽ߩ߆ࠄᄢ߈ߥ߽ߩ߳ߣᄌൻߔࠆߣ߈‫ޔ‬㜞⏛႐ߩ⏛᳇ᛶ᛫߇ᱜ߆ࠄ⽶ߦ♽⛔⊛ߦᄌൻߔࠆߎߣ߇᷹ⷰߐࠇߚ‫ޕ‬ᱷ⇐㔚⩄ߩᄢ߈ߐߪ‫࡞ࡖࠪࡦ࠹ࡐޔ‬ⓨ㑆ំࠄ߉ߩಽᢔߩ⒟ᐲࠍ⴫ߔߚ߼‫ޔ‬නጀࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦߢਇนㆱߥࡐ࠹ࡦࠪࡖ࡞ߩⓨ㑆㔚⩄ំࠄ߉߇‫⏛ޔ‬᳇ᛶ᛫ߣߒߡ᷹ⷰߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬㜞⏛႐ߢ⴫ࠇࠆ⽶ߩ⏛᳇ᛶ᛫ߪ‫ޔ‬ૐຠ⾰ߥࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦߢߪ‫ޔ‬㔚⩄ਛᕈὐߩ⏛႐ߦଐሽߒߚᄌേߦࠃߞߡ߽ߚࠄߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬㜞ຠ⾰ߥࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦߢߪ‫ޔ‬2 ߟએ਄ߩ࠺ࠖ࡜࠶ࠢὐ߇ᚸ࠳ࠗࠕࠣ࡜ࡓߦ⴫ࠇ
ࠆߣ߈ߦ⽶ߩ⏛᳇ᛶ᛫߇⃻ࠇߚ‫߽ᦨޕ‬㜞ຠ⾰ߥࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦߢߪ‫ޔ‬ᱜߩ⏛᳇ᛶ᛫ߩߺ߇᷹ⷰߐࠇߚ‫⚿ߩࠄࠇߎޕ‬ᨐߪ‫࠹ࡐޔ‬ࡦࠪࡖ࡞ⓨ㑆ំࠄ߉߇නጀࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦߩ⏛႐ਛવዉߦᄢ߈ߊᓇ㗀ߔࠆߎߣࠍ␜ߒߡ߅ࠅ‫ࠍࠇߎޔ‬స᦯ߔࠆߩ߇ࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦ
⎇ⓥߩ⺖㗴ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬

RAMAN SPETCTRA OF GRAPHENE AND NANOCARBON
R. Saito, K. Sasaki*, J. S. Park, M. Furukawa
㧔Department of Physics, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan, *National Institute of Material Science, Tsukuba, Japan䋩

In this talk, starting from a basic introduction of resonance Raman spectroscopy of grapheme and single wall
carbon nanotubes (SWNTs), we will discuss the Raman spectra of graphene edge states and phonon softening
phenomena of metallic SWNTs, which are observed by the recent single nanotube Raman spectroscopy withchanging the Fermi energy by the electro-chemical doping [1].
It is important to know the structure of the edge structure of graphene, since the electronic structure of graphene
is sensitive to the edge structure. In particular, near the zigzag edge, it is known that the localized states of electronor phonon exist which gives an anomalous behavior. Recent calculations and experiments show that some Raman
spectra are assigned to the spectra originated by the edge structure [2]. We calculated both electron and phonon
structure of edge states and found some Raman spectra can be assigned to the edge phonons.
The other topic is phonon softening mechanism in the metallic SWNTs, which is known as the Kohn anomaly
effect of phonon. We calculated the phonon frequencies of single wall carbon nanotubes as a function of the Fermi
energy positions (Fig.1) [3]. Not only longitudinal optic (LO) phonon but also transverse optic (TO) phonon show
softening or even hardening depending on the chiral angle of single wall carbon nanotubes. This results show thatthe electron-phonon interaction of graphene and nanotubes are highly anisotropic in the k space around the K point.

18

The anisotropy of the electron-phonon interaction comesfrom the wave function of graphene. The two-component
wave function of graphene is expressed by a pseudo spin [4].
The edge state of graphene can be understood by thepseudo-spin polarized states. The corresponding field whichpolarized pseudo spin can be defined by the lattice distortion.
We call this field as deformation induced gauge (DIG) field.
The concept of the DIG field is useful for understanding thedefect states and polarization dependence of Raman spectraof graphene edges [5].

RS acknowledges the MEXT grants (Nos. 20241023,
16076201).

Fig. TO and LO phonon frequencies and broadeining as afunction of the Fermi energy for (15,0) metallix zigzag
SWNT.

[1] H. Farhat, H. Son, Ge. G. Samsonidze, S. Reich, M. S. Dresselhaus,and J. Kong, Phys. Rev. Lett. 99, 145506(2007).
[2] K. Sasaki, M. Yamamoto, S. Murakami,R. Saito, P. T. Araujo, A. Jorio, G. Dresselhaus, M. S. Dresselhaus, Phys.
Rev. B 80, 155450 (2009).
[3] K. Sasaki, R. Saito, G. Dresselhaus, M.S. Dresselhaus, H. Farhat, J. Kong, Phys. Rev. B77, 245441 (2008).
related papers therein.
[4] K. Sasaki, and R. Saito, Prog. Theor. Phys. Suppl. 176, 253-278, (2008). A review article for the pseudo spin anddeformation induced gauge field.
[5] K. Sasaki et al, submitted.

ΈρέͿϋΑάϋΠυΣ·Α!
⊕⍹ ⺈ม㧔㒋ᄢ㒮࡮ၮ␆Ꮏ‫ޔ‬JST ߐ߈߇ߌ㧕 ࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦࠍ↪޿ߡ᭽‫⥝ߥޘ‬๧ᷓ޿‛ᕈ߇⎇ⓥߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ቶ᷷ߦ⥋ࠆ߹ߢߩ㊂ሶࡎ࡯࡞ലᨐ[1-3]‫⿥ޔ‬વዉㄭធലᨐ
[4]‫ޔ‬㕖Ᏹߦᄢ߈ߥ⒖േᐲࠍ᦭ߔࠆ㔚⇇ലᨐဳ࠻࡜ࡦࠫࠬ࠲[5]‫ߡߒߘޔ‬ㆀߦߪಽᢙ㊂ሶࡎ࡯࡞ലᨐߩ᷹ⷰ[6]߽ᦨㄭߢߪႎ
๔ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫⥝ߩߎޕ‬๧޽ࠆ‛ᕈࠍ᦭ߔࠆࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦߣ‫ޔ‬ㄭᐕᄢ߈ߥ⊒ዷࠍ⷗ߖߡ޿ࠆࠬࡇࡦ࠻ࡠ࠾ࠢࠬࠍⲢวߒߚ⎇ⓥ࠹࡯ࡑ߇ࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦࠬࡇࡦ࠻ࡠ࠾ࠢࠬߢ޽ࠅ‫ޔ‬2007 ᐕߩᣣ☨⯗ߩ⁛┙ߒߚ 3 ࠣ࡞࡯ࡊߦࠃࠆቶ᷷ࠬࡇࡦᵈ౉ߩႎ๔ࠍᄾ
ᯏߦᵈ⋡ࠍ㓸߼ߡ޿ࠆ[7-9]‫ⷰߩࠬࠢ࠾ࡠ࠻ࡦࡇࠬޕ‬ὐ߆ࠄ⷗ߚࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦߩ㝯ജߪ὇⚛ේሶߩߺ߆ࠄ᭴ᚑߐࠇࠆߎߣߦ
ࠃࠅ⦟ᅢߥࠬࡇࡦࠦࡅ࡯࡟ࡦࠬ߇ᦼᓙߢ߈ࠆߎߣ‫ޔ‬㊄ዻ᧚ᢱએᄖߢߪ໑৻ߢ޽ࠆቶ᷷ࠬࡇࡦᵈ౉߇㆐ᚑߐࠇߡ޿ࠆߎߣ‫ޔ‬ࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦ߇࠯ࡠࠡࡖ࠶ࡊඨዉ૕ߢ޽ࠆߚ߼ߦ㔚⇇ലᨐࠍ೑↪ߒߚࠬࡇࡦャㅍ․ᕈߩᄌ⺞߇น⢻ߢ޽ࠆߎߣߥߤ߇޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬߹ߚ‫ޔ‬㕖⏛ᕈ㊄ዻߩ႐วห᭽‫ࡦࡇࠬ⚐ޔ‬ᵹ[10]ߣ޿߁ᤨ㑆෻ォኻ⒓ᕈࠍ᦭ߒᢔㅺߩߥ޿ࠞ࡟ࡦ࠻ࠍቶ᷷ߢഃ಴ߢ߈ࠆ‫ߣޔ‬޿߁㝯ജ߽᦭ߔࠆ‫ޕ‬ ႎ๔⠪ߩࠣ࡞࡯ࡊߢߪ߹ߕᄙጀࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦࠍ↪޿ߚ⚐ࠬࡇࡦᵹߩഃ಴࡮ቶ᷷ࠬࡇࡦᵈ౉ࠍႎ๔ߒߚߩߜ[7]‫ࠚࡈ࡜ࠣޔ‬ࡦߦᵈ౉ߐࠇߚࠬࡇࡦߩࠬࡇࡦ஍ᭂ₸߇ࡃࠗࠕࠬ㔚࿶ශടߦኻߒߡᄌൻߒߥ޿‫ ࠆࠁࠊ޿߁޿ߣޔ‬robustness ࠍ⊒⷗ߒᦨㄭႎ๔ߔࠆߣߣ߽ߦ[11]‫⚛ࡉ࡞ࡃࡦࡇࠬࡦࠚࡈ࡜ࠣޔ‬ሶߩഠൻᯏ᭴ߩ⸃ᨆࠍⴕߞߚ[12]‫ޕ‬ᓥ᧪ߩࠬࡇࡦ࠻ࡠ࠾ࠢࠬ⚛ሶߢߪ‫ޔ‬ᵈ౉ࠬࡇࡦߩࠬࡇࡦ஍ᭂ₸߇ኈᤃߦᷫዋߒߡߒ߹߁‫߁޿ߣޔ‬໧㗴߇޽ࠅ․ߦࠬࡇࡦ࠻࡜ࡦࠫࠬ࠲ߥߤ߳ߩᔕ↪਄ᄢ߈ߥ໧㗴ߣߥߞߡ޿ߚ߇‫ߩߎߪߢࡦࠚࡈ࡜ࠣޔ‬໧㗴ࠍ࿁ㆱߢ߈ࠆߎߣ߇᣿ࠄ߆ߣߥߞߚ‫ޔߦࠄߐޕ‬නጀࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦߦኻߒ㔚᳇⊛ߦㅘ᣿ߥࠦࡃ࡞࠻/ࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦ⇇㕙߆ࠄߩቶ᷷ࠬࡇࡦᵈ౉‫ࡦࡇࠬޔ‬ାภߩࠥ࡯࠻㔚࿶ߦࠃࠆᄌ⺞ߦ߽ᦨㄭᚑഞߒߚ
19

[13]‫ޕ‬ᓥ᧪ߦ߽ห᭽ߩࠬࡇࡦାภߩࠥ࡯࠻ᄌ⺞ߪႎ๔ߐࠇߡ޿ߚ߇[8,9]‫ޔ‬ℂ⺰ߣ৻⥌ߒߥ޿․ᕈߢ޽ߞߚ߇‫੹ޔ‬࿁ߩႎ๔⠪ࠄߩታ㛎ߢߪߎߩℂ⺰ߣߩਇ৻⥌‫߁޿ߣޔ‬໧㗴߇⸃᳿ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ ᧄ⎇ⓥߩㆀⴕߦ޽ߚߞߡᄢᄌ߅਎⹤ߦߥࠅ߹ߒߚ㒋ᄢ㒮ၮ␆Ꮏߩ㋈ᧁ⟵⨃ᢎ᝼࡮ᣂᐣノ਽ቴຬᢎ᝼࡮㊁ౝ੫ඳ჻ ⃻᧲ർᄢ㊄⎇ ࡮㜞㊁℉ඳ჻ ⃻ Spring-8 ࡮㊁ፒ㓉ⴕඳ჻࡮ᄢ⍹ᕺߐࠎ ⃻ᄢᣣᧄශ೚ ࡮ਃ⧴િᒾำ࡮᧛ᧄ๺਽ำߦᗵ⻢޿ߚߒ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬[1] K.S. Novoselov et al., Nature 438, 197 (2005).
[2] Y. Zhang et al., Nature 438, 201 (2005).
[3] K.S. Novoselov et al., Science 315, 1379 (2007).
[4] H.B. Heersche et al., Nature 446, 56 (2007).
[5] K. Bolotin et al., Solid State Comm. 146, 351 (2008).
[6] K. Bolotin et al., Nature online published on Nov. 5th 2009.
[7] M. Ohishi, M. Shiraishi et al., JJAP 46, L605 (2007).
[8] N. Tombros et al., Nature 448, 571 (2007).
[9] S. Cho et al., Appl. Phys. Lett. 91, 123105 (2007).
[10] F.J. Jedema et al., Nature 416, 713 (2002).
[11] M. Shiraishi et al., Adv. Func. Mat. on-line published on Nov. 2nd 2009.
[12] K. Muramoto, M. Shiraishi et al., submitted.
[13] N. Mitoma, M. Shiraishi et al., in preparation.

Πευΐ΃σ୲‫׻‬ఘ͂ນ࿂ΟͻρΛ·ഩঊ!
᧛਄ ୃ৻㧔᧲੩Ꮏᬺᄢቇᄢቇ㒮ℂᎿቇ⎇ⓥ⑼࡮JST ߐ߈߇ߌ㧕㊂ሶࠬࡇࡦࡎ࡯࡞♽ ࠻ࡐࡠࠫࠞ࡞⛘✼૕ ߩࠛ࠶ࠫ⁁ᘒ࡮⴫㕙⁁ᘒߩᕈ⾰ߦߟ޿ߡ⎇ⓥࠍⴕߞߚ‫ޕ‬㊂ሶࠬࡇࡦࡎ࡯࡞♽ߪ‫ ࠢ࡞ࡃޔ‬ౝㇱ ߪ⛘✼૕ߢ޽ࠆ߇‫⴫ߩ♽ޔ‬㕙߿ࠛ࠶ࠫߦ㊄ዻ⊛ߥ⁁ᘒ߇ሽ࿷ߒࠬࡇࡦᵹࠍㆇ߽߱ߩߢ޽ࠅ‫ޔ‬㕖⏛ᕈਇ⚐‛╬߇޽ߞߡ߽㊄ዻ⊛ߥࠛ࠶ࠫ⁁ᘒ߇଻ߚࠇࠆߣ޿߁․⇣ߥᕈ⾰߇޽ࠆ‫ߟߦ߆߁ߤ߆ࠆ߁ࠅߥߣ♽ߩߎ߇⤑⭯ࠬࡑࠬࡆޕ‬޿ߡ‫৻╙ޔ‬ේℂ⸘▚ߩ⚿ᨐࠍ↪޿ߡ⸘▚ࠍⴕߞߚ‫⚿ߩߘޕ‬ᨐ‫(ࠬࡑࠬࡆޔ‬111) 1-bilayer ⭯⤑ߪ 2 ᰴర㊂ሶࠬࡇࡦࡎ࡯࡞♽ߣߥࠅ‫{ޔ‬012}2-monolayer ⭯⤑ߪߘ߁ߢߥߊㅢᏱߩ⛘✼૕ߦߥࠆߎߣ߇ಽ߆ߞߚ‫ߩߢ⤑⭯ࠬࡑࠬࡆߩߎޕ‬㊂ሶࠬࡇࡦࡎ࡯࡞♽ߩࠛ࠶ࠫ⁁ᘒߪ‫ޔ‬ᵄᢙⓨ㑆ߢࡉ࡝ࡘࠕࡦ࠱࡯ࡦో૕ߦᐢ߇ߞߡ޿ࠆ‫⁁ࠫ࠶ࠛߚߒ߁ߎޕ‬ᘒߩ႐วߦߪ‫⁁ࠫ࠶ࠛޔ‬ᘒߪࠛ࠶ࠫઃㄭߦ⦟ߊዪ࿷ߒߡ߅ࠅଚ౉㐳ߪᩰሶቯᢙ⒟ᐲߣߥࠆߎߣࠍ৻⥸⊛ߦ␜ߒߚ‫ޕ‬ㅒߦࠛ࠶ࠫ⁁ᘒ߇ᵄᢙⓨ㑆ߢᲧセ⊛ߦ⁜޿▸࿐ߦ㓸ਛߒߡ޿ࠆ HgTe ㊂ሶ੗ᚭߢߪ‫⁁ࠫ࠶ࠛޔ‬ᘒߩࡃ࡞ࠢ߳ߩଚ౉㐳ߪ 50nm ⒟ᐲߣ‫ࠅߥ߆ޔ‬ᐢ߇ߞߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ ߹ߚ‫ ߚߒ߁ߎޔ‬2 ᰴర㊂ሶࠬࡇࡦࡎ࡯࡞♽ߩࠛ࠶ࠫ⁁ᘒ߇ᾲ㔚ャㅍߦਈ߃ࠆᓇ㗀ߦߟ޿ߡ⎇ⓥߒߚ‫⁁ࠫ࠶ࠛޕ‬ᘒߪ㕖⏛ᕈਇ⚐‛ߦࠃߞߡᒢᕈᢔੂࠍฃߌߥ޿ߚ߼ャㅍߩὐߢߪ᦭೑ߛ߇⁁ᘒᢙߪࡃ࡞ࠢࠃࠅ߆ߥࠅዋߥ޿ߚ߼‫ޔ‬᏷߇ nmࠝ࡯࠳࡯ߩ⚦޿࡝ࡏࡦ⁁ࠍ⠨߃ࠆ‫ߣࠆߔޕ‬ᢙࠤ࡞ࡆࡦ⒟ᐲએਅߢ‫ޔ‬ᾲ㔚ャㅍ߇ࡃ࡞ࠢఝ൓ߩ߽ߩ߆ࠄࠛ࠶ࠫఝ൓ߩ߽ߩ߳
ߣᄌൻߔࠆ‫ޔࠅࠃߦࠇߎޕ‬ૐ᷷ߢᾲ㔚ᄌ឵ᕈ⢻ᜰᢙ߇ᷫዋ߆ࠄ৻ᣤჇടߒߡࡇ࡯ࠢࠍᜬߟߎߣ߇੍ᗐߐࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬20

Z2 Πευΐ΃σ୲‫׻‬ఘ̤̫ͥͅΨσ·͂౤Ƚခ࢘ၑა͂‫ڒ‬ঊ࿅߿͈๤‫!ڛ‬੗᧛ ஜ৻㇢㧔᧲ർᄢ㒮ℂ㧕
Z2 㕖⥄᣿ᕈߩ⿠Ḯߢ޽ࠆࡃ࡞ࠢߩ 2 ᰴర⊛ߥ࠺ࠖ࡜࠶ࠢ᭴ㅧߣ᦭㒢♽ߦ߅޿ߡ⃻ࠇࠆ 1 ᰴర⊛ߥ┵⁁ᘒߣߩ㑐ଥࠍ᣿ࠄ߆ߦߔࠆ‫ޕ‬೨⠪ߪ‫ޔ‬ㅪ⛯૕ᭂ㒢ߢቯᑼൻߐࠇࠆ࠺ࠖ࡜࠶ࠢὐㄭறߩ᦭ലℂ⺰ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬S. Q. Shen ࠄߦࠃࠇ߫[1]‫ߩߎޔ‬
᦭ലℂ⺰߆ࠄ಴⊒ߒ‫ޔ‬ᵄേ㑐ᢙ߇⹜ᢱߩ┵ߢᶖ߃ࠆߣ޿߁Ⴚ⇇᧦ઙࠍ⺖ߔߎߣߢ‫⁁┵࡞ࠞ࡝ࡋޔ‬ᘒ߇ᓧࠄࠇࠆߣ޿߁‫৻ޕ‬ᣇ‫߁޿ߣޠ┵ޟޔ‬ታⓨ㑆ߦ߅ߌࠆ⹦⚦ߥ᭴ㅧ߇ߘߩࠃ߁ߥૐࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯ߩ᦭ലℂ⺰ߦ฽߹ࠇߡ޿ࠆߣߪ⠨߃ߦߊ޿‫⻠ᧄޕ‬Ṷߢߪ‫ޔ‬HgTe/HgCdTe ㊂ሶ੗ᚭߦኻߔࠆ Bernevig ࠄߩ᦭ലℂ⺰[2]ߦᱜᣇᩰሶ਄ߦタߖߚᮨဳࠍ↪޿‫ߩ┵ࠆߥ⇣ޔ‬ಾࠅᣇࠍᲧセߔࠆߎߣߦࠃߞߡ Z2 ⛘✼૕ߦ߅ߌࠆࡃ࡞ࠢߣ┵ߩኻᔕ㑐ଥࠍ᣿ࠄ߆ߦߔࠆ‫ޕ‬[1] B. Zhou et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 101, 246807 (’08).
[2] B.A. Bernevig et al. Science 314, 1757 (’06).

ΫΑζΑಎΟͻρΛ·ഩঊ͈γȜσ࢘‫!ض‬ફደ 㓶♿㧔㒋ᄢ㒮ၮ␆Ꮏ㧕⏛႐ਛ㔚ሶߩㆇേࠍ⸥ㅀߔࠆ㓙‫ߦ␜⴫ࡎ࠶ࡠࡉޔ‬ၮߠ޿ߚࡄࠗࠛ࡞ࠬ૏⋧ ޽ࠆ޿ߪࡄࠗࠛ࡞ࠬ⟎឵ ߩᣇᴺ߇ࠃߊណ↪
ߐࠇࠆ‫ߩߎޕ‬ᣇᴺߪ৻⥸ߦߪ㕖Ᏹߦ᦭↪ߢ޽ࠆ߇‫ޔ‬ේℂ⊛ߦߪਇචಽߢ޽ࠆ[1]‫⏛ޕ‬႐ਛߩ㔚ሶߪ‫ߪߦ࠼ࡦࡃࡎ࠶ࡠࡉޔ‬߽ߪ߿㐽ߓㄟ߼ࠄࠇߡ߅ࠄߕ‫࠼ࡦࡃޔ‬㑆ࠍⴕ߈᧪ߔࠆⶄ㔀ߥㆇേࠍⴕ߁‫ޕ‬ᓥߞߡ‫޿ߥ߈ߢ⃻⴫ߪߢ␜⴫ࡎ࠶ࡠࡉޔ‬ലᨐ߇↢߹ࠇࠆ㧦ߎࠇࠍࡃࡦ࠼㑆⏛႐ലᨐߣ๭߱[2]‫ޕ‬ߎߩࡃࡦ࠼㑆⏛႐ലᨐߪ‫゠ޔ‬㆏⏛ᕈߦߟ޿ߡߪ⹦ߒߊ⺞ߴࠄࠇߡ޿ࠆ߇[3]‫ޔ‬ャㅍ⃻⽎ߦ㑐ߒߡߪ᣿ࠄ߆ߦߥߞߡ޿ߥ޿ὐ߇
ᄙ޿‫⎇ᧄޕ‬ⓥߢߪ‫࠼ࡦࡃࠆߌ߅ߦࠬࡑࠬࡆޔ‬㑆⏛႐ലᨐߦ㑐ߒߡ‫ ޔ‬1 ᒙ⏛႐ᭂ㒢ߦ߅ߌࠆࡎ࡯࡞વዉᐲߣ 2 ᦭㒢⏛႐ਛߩశቇવዉᐲߦߟ޿ߡ⺞ߴࠆߎߣࠍㅢߒߡ‫࠼ࡦࡃޔ‬㑆⏛႐ലᨐ߇ャㅍ⃻⽎ߦᅤ૗ߥࠆᓇ㗀ࠍ෸߷ߔߩ߆‫ߩߘޔ‬ℂ⸃ࠍ⋡ᜰߔ‫ޕ‬(1)ᒙ⏛႐ᭂ㒢ߦ߅ߌࠆࡎ࡯࡞વዉᐲࠍ‫࠼ࡦࡃޔ‬㑆⏛႐ലᨐ߇ㆡಾߦᛒ߃ࠆ‫࡯ࡖࠫࡦࠖ࠹࠶࡜ޔ‬гࠦ࡯ࡦ⴫␜ߦၮߠ߈‫ޔ‬ࠥ࡯ࠫਇᄌߥਭ଻౏ᑼࠍ↪޿ߡ᳞߼ߚ[4,5]‫⚿ߩߘޕ‬ᨐ‫ߦߢ߹ࠇߎޔ‬⍮ࠄࠇߡ޿ߥ޿‫ޔ‬ᣂߚߥࡎ࡯࡞વዉᐲ߳ߩነਈ
߇ࡃࡦ࠼㑆⏛႐ലᨐߦࠃߞߡ↢ߺ಴ߐࠇࠆߎߣ߇᣿ࠄ߆ߣߥߞߚ‫ߩߎޕ‬ᣂߚߥነਈߪ‫ߩߘޔ‬ᕈ⾰߇゠㆏㔚ᵹߣ㉃ૃ
ߒߡ޿ࠆߚ߼‫ޔ‬ਔ⠪ߪห৻⿠Ḯࠍᜬߟߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬(2)᦭㒢⏛႐ਛߢߩశቇવዉᐲߦߪ‫ࡦࡇࠬޔ‬г゠㆏⋧੕૞↪ߩߥ޿႐ว‫゠ޔ‬㆏ࡈ࡝࠶ࡊߩነਈߒ߆⃻ࠇߥ޿‫ࠬࡆߒ߆ߒޕ‬ࡑࠬߩ᭽ߦࠬࡇࡦг゠㆏⋧੕૞↪߇ᒝ޿႐วߪ‫ޔ‬ᓥ᧪ߩ゠㆏ࡈ࡝࠶ࡊߦട߃‫ߩࡊ࠶࡝ࡈࡦࡇࠬޔ‬㗄߇⃻ࠇࠆߎߣ߇⍮ࠄࠇߡ޿ߚ‫ࡊ࠶࡝ࡈࡦࡇࠬߩߎޕ‬㗄ߪߒ߆ߒ‫̌࠼ࡦࡃޔ‬ౝ̍ㆫ⒖ߩߺࠍ⠨߃ߚ႐ว‫ޔ‬㕖Ᏹߦዊߐ޿ነਈߒ߆ߥߊ‫ޔ‬
޽߹ࠅ㊀ⷐߣ⹺⼂ߐࠇߡߎߥ߆ߞߚ‫੹ޕ‬࿁ࡃࡦ࠼̌㑆̍ㆫ⒖ߩነਈࠍᵈᗧᷓߊ⸃ᨆߒߚ⚿ᨐ‫࠼ࡦࡃޔ‬㑆⏛႐ലᨐ߆ࠄᄢ߈ߥࠬࡇࡦࡈ࡝࠶ࡊߩነਈ߇ᓧࠄࠇࠆߎߣ߇᣿ࠄ߆ߣߥߞߚ‫✼⛘ޔߦ․ޕ‬૕⁁ᘒߦ߅޿ߡᓧࠄࠇࠆశቇવዉᐲ
ߩࡇ࡯ࠢߪ‫ࡊ࠶࡝ࡈࡦࡇࠬߡోޔ‬ㆫ⒖߆ࠄߊࠆ߽ߩߢ޽ࠆߎߣ߇ಽ߆ߞߚ‫ޕ‬[1] R. E. Peierls, Quantum Theory of Solids (Oxford University Press, New York, 1955).
[2] R. Kubo and H. Fukuyama, in Proc. of 10th Intern. Conf. on Physics of Semiconductors, Cambridge, Massachusetts,
1970 (United States Atomic Energy Commission, Springfield, Virginia, 1970).
[3] H. Fukuyama and R. Kubo, J. Phys. Soc. Jpn., 28 (1970) 570.
[4] Y. Fuseya, M. Ogata and H. Fukuyama, Phys. Rev. Lett., 102 (2009) 066601.
[5] Y. Fuseya, M. Ogata and H. Fukuyama, J. Phys.: Conf. Series, 132 (2008) 012004; in Proceedings of the 9thInternational Symposium on Foundations of Quantum Mechanics in the Light of New Technology - ISQMTOKYO’08 edited by S. Ishioka and K. Fujikawa (World Scientific Publishing), p. 174.

21߄௺ષ͈ΈρέͿϋ(h-BN)CVD ྄!
ᄢፉ ᔘᐔ㧔ᣧᄢℂᎿ ᔕ‛㧕 ࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦߣ h-BN ߪૐ࿶ߢߩᾲജቇ⊛቟ቯ⋧ߢ޽ࠅ‫᧦ޔ‬ઙ߇ᢛ߃߫ടᾲߩߺߢఝࠇߚ⚿᥏ᕈߩ⹜ᢱ߇ૐ޿࿶ജਅߢᚑ
㐳ߔࠆ‫ޕ‬὇ൻ᳓⚛ߩ⣕᳓⚛෻ᔕࠍ⿠ߎߔ㜞᷷ߩන⚿᥏⴫㕙ߢߪ‫ޔ‬ᄙߊߩ႐ว‫߇⤑࡞ࡖࠪࠠ࠲ࡇࠛߩࡦࠚࡈ࡜ࠣޔ‬ਅ࿾ᩰሶߦਇᢛวߦᚑ㐳ߔࠆ‫ޕ‬Ni(111) ⴫㕙ߩࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦ⤑ߪ‫ޔ‬ᩰሶࠍ 1.2%િ߫ߒߡ‫ޔ‬Ni-Ni ේሶ㑆㓒ߦᢛวߒ‫ޔ‬1x1 ᭴ㅧࠍߣࠆ‫ޕ‬Ni(111) 㕙਄ߩࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦ⤑ߪන૏ᩰሶਛߩ 2 ߟߩ὇⚛ේሶߩ߁ߜ‫ޔ‬1 ߟߩ὇⚛ේሶߪᦨ⴫㕙ߩ Ni ේሶߩ⌀਄ߦ૏⟎ߒ‫ ߁߽ޔ‬1 ߟߩ὇⚛ේሶߪ FCC ࡎࡠ࠙૏⟎ߦ㈩⟎ߒ‫ᦨߣ⤑ޔ‬ᄖጀߩ㑆㓒ߪ 0.21nm ߢ‫࠻ࠗࠔࡈ࡜ࠣޔ‬ጀ㑆ߩ 0.34nm
ߦᲧߴߡߕߞߣ⍴ߊ‫ࠅߥ߆ޔ‬ᒝ޿ൻቇ⚿ว߇ጀ㑆ߦ⊒↢ߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ߡߴߔޕ‬὇⚛ේሶߪߩ Ni ේሶ⋥਄૏⟎߆ߔߴߡߩ FCC
ࡎࡠ࠙૏⟎ࠍභ᦭ߒߡ߅ࠅ‫ߩ╬ࡊ࠶࠹ࠬޔ‬ᰳ㒱ߩߥ޿ Ni(111) ⴫㕙߇Ḱ஻ߢ߈ࠇ߫‫(ࡦࠚࡈ࡜ࠣޔ‬h-BN)⤑ࠍᚑ㐳ߐߖࠆ
ℂᗐ⊛ߥ࠹ࡦࡊ࡟㧙࠻ߣߥࠆ‫ࠆߥ⇣ޕ‬႐ᚲ߆ࠄᩭᚑ㐳ߒߚࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦ(h-BN)ߩනේሶጀߩፉ⁁ߩ࠼ࡔࠗࡦߪ‫ߩ⤑ޔ‬ቢᚑᤨߦઁߩ࠼ࡔࠗࡦߣ☸⇇ࠍ⊒↢ߐߖࠆߎߣߥߒߦ‫ޔ‬ㅪ⛯ߒߚ 1 ᨎߩࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦ⤑ߣߥࠆ‫ޕ‬ ߐࠄߦ Ni(111) ၮ᧼ߩ․ᓽߣߒߡ‫ߩ┵ࡊ࠶࠹ࠬࠅߎ⿠߇ࠣࡦ࠴ࡦࡃࡊ࠶࠹ࠬޔߡߞࠃߦⷒⵍࡦࠚࡈ࡜ࠣޔ‬ᢙ߇ᷫዋߒ‫ޔ‬࠹࡜ࠬ㕙Ⓧ߇Ⴧടߔࠆ‫ޕ‬ታ㓙‫ޔ‬STM ௝ߩⷰኤߢߪ‫ޔ‬h-BN ⵍⷒ Ni(111) 㕙ߩ 100nm ߩ▸࿐ߩ࠹࡜ࠬߦోߊ᭴ㅧߪ⷗ࠄ
ࠇߕ৻᭽ߥ h-BN ⤑߇ᐢ߇ߞߡ޿ࠆߎߣ߇ಽ߆ࠆ‫ޔ‬᜛ᄢߒߚ STM ௝ߢ߽‫ޔ‬ᩰሶᰳ㒱ߪ⷗ࠄࠇߡ޿ߥ޿‫ޕ‬Ni(111) 㕙਄ߦ CVD ᴺߢ⦟⾰߆ߟᄢ㕙Ⓧߩࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦ⤑ࠍᚑ㐳ߐߖ‫ޔ‬ൻቇ⊛ࠛ࠶࠴ࡦࠣߢ Ni ၮ᧼ࠍṁ⸃ߒߡ‫ޔ‬ၮ᧼߆ࠄࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦ⤑ࠍ೸㔌ߒ‫ޔ‬TEM ࠣ࡝࠶࠼਄ߦࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦࠍ⥄Ꮖ଻ᜬߒߚ⁁ᘒߢขࠅ಴ߒߚߎߣࠍ⚫੺ߒߚ‫ޕ‬΢ΦΈρέͿϋ͈ഩঊࢹ௮͂ঽ଻!
᭑ ᢅ᣿㧔᧲Ꮏᄢ㒮ℂᎿ㧕ˍȅ͉̲͛ͅ!
 છᗧᒻ⁁ߩ࠽ࡁࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦࠪ࡯࠻ߩ๟࿐᭴ㅧߪࠫࠣࠩࠣ┵ߣࠕ࡯ࡓ࠴ࠚࠕ┵ߩࠦࡦࡆࡀ࡯࡚ࠪࡦߣߒߡ⸥ㅀߐࠇࠆ‫࡯ࠕޕ‬ࡓ࠴ࠚࠕ┵ߩߺ߆ࠄߢ߈ߚ࠽ࡁࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦߩ㔚ሶ⁁ᘒߪ✢ᒻߩ  ෸߮ *ࡃࡦ࠼ߩߺߦࠃࠅ⸥ㅀߐࠇ‫ߩ┵ޔ‬ലᨐߪ⴫ࠇߥ޿‫ޕ‬৻ᣇ‫ߦࠄࠇߎߪߡ޿߅ߦ┵ࠣࠩࠣࠫޔ‬ട߃ߡ㕖⚿ว⁁ᘒߩࡈ࡜࠶࠻ࡃࡦ࠼ ࠛ࠶ࠫ⁁ᘒ ߇ࡈࠚ࡞ࡒḰ૏ߦᒻᚑߐࠇࠆ‫ޔߚ߹ޕ‬ߎߩࠛ࠶ࠫ⁁ᘒߪዪ࿷ࠬࡇࡦࠍᜬߜ‫ߩߘޔ‬ಽᏓߪࠫࠣࠩࠣ┵ߦዪ࿷ߔࠆ‫⁁ࠫ࠶ࠛߥ߁ࠃߩߎޕ‬ᘒߪൻቇ⊛ߦߪ❗วᄙⅣ♽⧐㚅ᣖ὇ൻ᳓⚛ൻว‛ߩ⧐㚅ᣖᕈߣ㑐ଥߒ‫ޔ‬㕖 Kekulé ಽሶߩ㕖⚿ว  㔚ሶ⁁ᘒߩ࡜ࠫࠞ࡞᭴ㅧߦኻᔕߔࠆ‫߆ߣߎߥ߁ࠃߩߎޕ‬ࠄࠫࠣࠩࠣ┵ࠍ᦭ߔࠆ࠽ࡁࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦߪൻቇ෻ᔕᕈᵴᕈ‫ߥ⇣․ޔ‬㔚ሶ⁁ᘒ‫⏛ޔ‬ᕈ⊒⃻ߩⷰὐ߆ࠄ⥝๧޽ࠆኻ⽎ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ˎȅ΢ΦΈρέͿϋ͈΀Λΐેఠ!
 ┵὇⚛ේሶࠍ᳓⚛ߢ⚳┵ߒ‫⿥ޔ‬㜞⌀ⓨ࠻ࡦࡀ࡞㗼ᓸ㏜/࠻ࡦࡀ࡞ࠬࡍࠢ࠻࡞ STM/STS ࠍ↪޿ߡࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦ┵ࠍ᷹ⷰߒߚ‫ޕ‬ࠕ࡯ࡓ࠴ࠚࠕ┵ߪ৻⥸ߦ㐳ߊ‫ޔ‬ᰳ㒱᭴ㅧߩዋߥ޿௑ะ߇޽ࠆߩߦኻߒ‫ߪ┵ࠣࠩࠣࠫޔ‬⍴ߊ‫ޔ‬ᰳ㒱߇ᄙᢙ⷗಴ߐࠇࠆ‫ߎߩߎޕ‬ߣߪ‫ޔ‬Fermi Ḱ૏ߦࠛ࠶ࠫ⁁ᘒ߇ሽ࿷ߔࠆߚ߼‫ߦ⊛࡯ࠡ࡞ࡀࠛ߇┵ࠣࠩࠣࠫޔ‬ਇ቟ቯߢ޽ࠆߎߣߦ⿠࿃ߔࠆ‫ޕ‬ታ㛎⚿ᨐ߆ࠄߪ‫⁁ࠫ࠶ࠛߪߦ┵ࠣࠩࠣࠫޔ‬ᘒߦ⿠࿃ߔࠆᄢ߈ߥዪᚲ⁁ᘒኒᐲ LDOS ߇ሽ࿷ߒ‫⁁ࠫ࠶ࠛߪߦ┵ࠕࠚ࠴ࡓ࡯ࠕޔ‬ᘒߪሽ࿷ߒ
ߥ޿‫ޔߚ߹ޕ‬STS ࠬࡍࠢ࠻࡞ߦߪࠛ࠶ࠫ⁁ᘒߩ LDOS ߦၮߠߊ㍈޿ࡇ࡯ࠢ߇ሽ࿷ߒ‫ߪࠇߎߪߦ┵ࠕࠚ࠴ࡓ࡯ࠕޔ‬ሽ࿷ߒߥ޿‫ޕ‬߹ߚ‫ޔ‬⒳‫ߩޘ‬᭴ㅧࠍᜬߟࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦ┵ߢߪ┵ߩዪᚲ᭴ㅧߦଐሽߒߚᄙ᭽ߥࠛ࠶ࠫ⁁ᘒ߇ᒻᚑߐࠇߚ‫ߩࡦࠚࡈ࡜ࠣޔߦࠄߐޕ‬ጀ㑆⋧੕૞↪ߦ߽ᓇ㗀ߐࠇࠆ‫᦭ޕ‬㒢㐳ߩࠫࠣࠩࠣ┵ߩࠛ࠶ࠫ⁁ᘒߦ߅޿ߡߪ㔚ሶ㐽ㄟ߼ലᨐ߇᷹ⷰߐࠇߚ‫ޕ‬ˏȅ΢ΦΈρέͿϋ͈අ։̈́ঽ଻!
 ⏛ᕈ⎇ⓥߦ߅޿ߡߪ‫ ߇ࡦࠗࡔ࠼࡮࠻ࠗࠔࡈ࡜ࠣࡁ࠽ޔ‬3 ᰴరή⒎ᐨࡀ࠶࠻ࡢ࡯ࠢࠍᒻᚑߔࠆᄙሹᕈ὇⚛ߢ޽ࠆᵴᕈ὇⚛❫⛽ ACF ߇⥝๧޽ࠆࡕ࠺࡞‛⾰ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ACF ࠍ᭴ᚑߔࠆ࠽ࡁࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦߪ‫ߩ┵ࠕࠚ࠴ࡓ࡯ࠕߣ┵ࠣࠩࠣࠫޔ‬ㆡᒰߥ⚵วߖߦࠃࠆਇⷙೣߥ┵᭴ㅧࠍ߽ߜ‫ޔߪߢ┵ࠣࠩࠣࠫޔ‬ᒝ޿ᒝ⏛ᕈ⋧੕૞↪ J0~103 K ߦࠃࠅ‫⁁ࠫ࠶ࠛޔ‬ᘒࠬࡇࡦߩᒝ
⏛ᕈࠢ࡜ࠬ࠲࡯ࠍ᭴ᚑߒ‫࡯࠲ࠬ࡜ࠢޔ‬ห჻ߪ‫ޔ‬ਛߊࠄ޿ߩᒝߐࠍ߽ߟ  વዉ㔚ሶࠍ੺ߒߚᒝ⏛ᕈ/෻ᒝ⏛ᕈ⋧੕૞↪
J1~10-1 – 10-2J0 ߦࠃࠅ⚿วߒ‫⚿ޔ‬ᨐߣߒߡ‫᦭ߪࡦࠚࡈ࡜ࠣࡁ࠽ߩࠇߙࠇߘޔ‬㒢ߩ⏛᳇ࡕ࡯ࡔࡦ࠻ࠍ߽ߟࡈࠚ࡝⏛ᕈ⁁ᘒߣߥߞߡ޿ࠆ‫ࡦࠚࡈ࡜ࠣࡁ࠽ޔߚ߹ޕ‬㑆෸߮࠽ࡁࠣ࡜ࡈࠔࠗ࠻࡮࠼ࡔࠗࡦ㑆ߦߪᒙ޿෻ᒝ⏛ᕈ⋧੕૞↪߇௛޿ߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬
22᷷ᐲ߇ૐਅߔࠆߣ࠼ࡔࠗࡦ㑆ࡎ࠶ࡇࡦࠣㅦᐲ߇ૐਅߒ‫ޔ‬20 K એਅߢߪਇဋ৻ࠬࡇࡦ♽ߣߥࠅ‫⏛࡝ࠚࡈޔ‬ᕈߦၮߠߊ⿥Ᏹ⏛ᕈ⊛᜼േߣߥࠆߎߣ߇⷗಴ߐࠇߚ‫ޕ‬ACF ࠍᾲಣℂߒߡ‫┵ࡦࠚࡈ࡜ࠣࡁ࠽ޔ‬๟ㄝߦ޽ࠆቭ⢻ၮࠍขࠅ෰ࠆߣ‫ࠔࡈ࡜ࠣࡁ࠽ޔ‬ࠗ࠻࡮࠼ࡔࠗࡦ㑆ߩ㔚ሶ⊛⋧੕૞↪߇Ⴧടߒ‫ޔ‬ᾲಣℂ᷷ᐲ 1200͠ߢ⛘✼૕́㊄ዻォ⒖ࠍ⿠ߎߒ‫ࠇߘޔ‬એ਄ߩ᷷ᐲߢ࠽ࡁࠣ
࡜ࡈࠔࠗ࠻࡮ࡀ࠶࠻ࡢ࡯ࠢߪ㊄ዻ⁁ᘒߦߥࠆ‫ߥ߁ࠃߩߎޕ‬㊄ዻ-⛘✼૕ォ⒖ㄭறߢߪ‫⏛࡝ࠚࡈޔ‬ᕈࠍᜬߟ࠽ࡁࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦ/࠽ࡁࠣ࡜ࡈࠔࠗ࠻߇ή⒎ᐨߥ࠼ࡔࠗࡦ㑆⋧੕૞↪ߩߚ߼‫⁁ࠬ࡜ࠣࡦࡇࠬޔ‬ᘒࠍᒻᚑߒ‫⏛ޔ‬ᕈ߇ᄢ߈ߥ⏛႐಄ළലᨐࠍ␜ߔ‫ޕ‬[1] T. Enoki, Y. Kobayashi, and K. Fukui, Inter. Rev. Phys. Chem. 26, 609 (2007).
[2] T. Enoki, K. Takai, Solid State Commun. 149, 1144 (2009).

΢ΦळࢢΈρέͿϋ͈஻଼ȆഩঊેఠȆ໤଻ȇΈρέͿϋ΀Λΐ͈໤଻ౝ॑!
ਛ᧛ ੳ‫ޔ‬ᷡ᳓ บ↢‫ޔ‬ᤐጊ ⚐ᔒ㧔㕍ጊቇ㒮ᄢቇᄢቇ㒮ᯏ⢻‛⾰ഃᚑࠦ࡯ࠬ㧕ࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦߩ․⇣ᕈߩ৻ߟߣߒߡ‫ࠫ࠶ࠛࠣࠩࠣࠫޔ‬᭴ㅧߦ߅޿ߡࡈࠚ࡞ࡒࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯ߢಽᢔࠍᜬߚߥ޿ዪ࿷㔚ሶ⁁ᘒࠛ࠶ࠫ⁁ᘒ ߩሽ࿷‫৻ࠍࠢ࡞ࡃޔ‬ᩴㄭߊ਄࿁ࠆ⿥㜞㔚ሶ⁁ᘒኒᐲߣᒝ޿ࠬࡇࡦࠦࡅ࡯࡟ࡦࠬ߇ℂ⺰੍⸒ߐࠇ[1]‫࡜ࠣޔ‬ࡈࠔࠗ࠻ߢߪ STM ߦࠃࠅ⏕⹺ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ[2]‫ޔߚ߹ޕ‬ὐᰳ㒱๟ㄝߩࠫࠣࠩࠣࠛ࠶ࠫߩ㓸࿅߿⚦ሹࠛ࠶ࠫ߳ߩ࿶ജශടߢࠦ
ࡅ࡯࡟ࡦ࠻ࠬࡇࡦ߇⹜ᢱోၞߦᐢ߇ࠅᒝ⏛ᕈࠍ⊒⃻ߔࠆߎߣ߽ࠣ࡜ࡈࠔࠗ࠻ߢႎ๔ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ[3]‫ޕ‬ᚒ‫ࠣࠩࠣࠫߩߎߪޘ‬ࠛ࠶ࠫࠍ੺ߒߚࠬࡇࡦવዉ‛ᕈត⚝ߣߘߩᣂᯏ⢻⚛ሶᔕ↪ࠍታ⃻ߔࠆߚ߼ߦ‫ޔ‬એਅߩ 2 ߟߩࠛ࠶ࠫᵴ↪♽ߩഃ⵾ߦೋ߼
ߡᚑഞߒߚ‫ޕ‬ˍȇCNT ͬಿ਀৊ͅ‫ু̀̽״‬டͅ‫̞̀ٳ‬୆଼̱̹ȶΈρέͿϋ΢Φςδϋ FETȷ!
ˎȇఉࢢৗͺση΢྄̥ͣഢৢ̱̹ག͈௏ેȶ΢ΦळࢢͺτͼΈρέͿϋ FETȷ!
ˍȇ࠽ࡁ࡝ࡏࡦߪੱᎿ⊛ߥടᎿᣇᴺߢߪࠛ࠶ࠫߦ࠳ࡔ࡯ࠫ߇౉ߞߡߒ߹޿⦟ᅢߥࠬࡇࡦવዉ․ᕈ߇ᓧࠄࠇߥ޿‫੹ߢߎߘޕ‬࿁࡜ࠗࠬᄢቇߣ౒หߢ‫ࡊ࠶ࠕࡓ࠻ࡏޔ‬ᒻᚑߩ࠽ࡁ࡝ࡏࡦߣߒߡࠞ࡯ࡏࡦ࠽ࡁ࠴ࡘ࡯ࡉ CNT ࠍ KMnO4 ṁᶧߦᶐߔߎߣߢ὇
⚛ේሶ߇㉄⚛ේሶߦ⟎឵ߐࠇ CNT ߇⥄ὼߦ㐿޿ߡ಴᧪ࠆ࠽ࡁ࡝ࡏࡦ[4]ࠍ૶↪ߒ‫ޔ‬ೋ߼ߡ FET ᭴ㅧഃᚑߦᚑഞߒߚ‫ޕ‬ˎȇGeim ࠄߩᣇᴺߢࠪ࡝ࠦࡦၮ᧼਄ߦ૞ᚑߒߚࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦࠍᄙሹ⾰ࠕ࡞ࡒ࠽⤑ࠍࡑࠬࠢߣߒߡࠛ࠶࠴ࡦࠣߒ‫ߩⱎޔ‬Ꮍ⁁࠽ࡁ⚦ሹࠕ࡟ࠗࠍᜬߟࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦഃᚑߦᚑഞߒߚ ࿑ 1(a)(b) ‫ޔߦࠄߐޕ‬STM ߦࠃࠅߎߩ⚦ሹࠛ࠶ࠫߩ㜞㔚ሶ⁁ᘒኒᐲሽ࿷ߩน⢻ᕈࠍหቯߒ‫ࠍࡦ࡯࠲ࡄ࡞࡯ࡎޔ‬ᒻᚑ‫⏛ޔ‬႐ࠍශടߔࠆߎߣߢ⚦ሹࠛ࠶ࠫߩዪ࿷㔚ሶᵄᐓᷤߦࠃࠆ AharonovBohm ဳᝄേߩน⢻ᕈࠍᜬߟ⏛᳇ᛶ᛫ᝄേߩ᷹ⷰߦᚑഞߒߚ ࿑ 1(c) ‫ޕ‬੹ᓟߎࠇࠄߢ㜞޿⏛᳇ᛶ᛫Ყࠍᜬߟ GMR ⚛ሶ߿‫⚦ޔ‬ሹࠛ࠶ࠫዪ࿷㔚ሶߣࠨࠗࠢࡠ࠻ࡠࡦ㔚ሶߩ⋧੕૞↪ߦࠃࠆ⇣Ᏹಽ
ᢙ㊂ሶࡎ࡯࡞ലᨐߥߤߩᣂᄸ㊂ሶ‛ᕈ⃻⽎ߩ⊒⷗ࠍ⋡ᜰߒߡ⎇ⓥࠍⴕ߁੍ቯߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬!
[1] K. Nakada, M. S. Dresselhaus et al., Phys. Rev. B 54, 17954 (1996)[2] Y. Niimi, T. Matsui, H. Fukuyama et al., Phys. Rev. B 73, 085421 (2006)[3] J.Cervenka et al., Nature Physics (4 Oct., 2009)[4] D.V. Kosynkin, J.M.Tour et al., Nature 458, 872 (2009)(a)⏛᳇ᛶ᛫㧦Rxx

ࡑࠬࠢࠕ࡞ࡒ࠽⤑࠽ࡁ⚦ሹࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦ(b)࿑ (a) ᄙሹ⾰ࠕ࡞ࡒ࠽⤑ࠍࡑࠬࠢߣߒߚࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦߩࠛ࠶࠴ࡦ
ࠣᢿ㕙ᮨᑼ࿑‫(ޕ‬b) ࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦ਄ߦォ౮ߐࠇߚ࠽ࡁ⚦ሹࠕ࡟ࠗ‫ޕ‬

h/e

(c)
⏛႐ 㧔㨀㧕(c) ⋥ᓘ࡮㑆㓒ߩᲧ߇ᄢ߈޿(80nm/20nm=4)࠽ࡁ⚦ሹࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦߢߩ⏛᳇ᛶ᛫ᝄേߩⷰኤ଀‫޿⿒ޕ‬⍫ශ߇ᝄേ๟ᦼ‫ޕ‬23໦ঊ଻ΟͻρΛ·ഩঊࠏ̤̫ͥͅΔυκȜΡ!
 ↰᎑ ዏ਽㧔ℂ⎇㧕
⾰㊂࠯ࡠߩ࠺ࠖ࡜࠶ࠢ㔚ሶ߇વዉᕈߩਥᓎߢ޽ࠆ࠯ࡠࠡࡖ࠶ࡊ㔚᳇વዉ૕߇㜞࿶ਅߦ޽ࠆD-(BEDT-TTF)2I3 ෸߮㘃Ⴎ‛⾰ ߢታ⃻ߒߚ[1-6]‫ޕ‬એਅ߇‫․ࠆߌ߅ߦ⾰‛ߩߎޔ‬ᓽ⊛ߥ㔚᳇વዉᕈߩਥߥ଀ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬
1 1 ߟߪ㔚᳇ᛶ᛫ߩ᷷ᐲଐሽᕈߦ⷗ࠄࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬1.5GPa એ਄ߩ࿶ജਅߢߎߩ‛⾰ߩ㔚᳇ᛶ᛫ߪ߶ߣࠎߤ᷷ᐲߦଐሽߒߥ޿‫ޕ‬ቶ᷷߆ࠄ 4K ߹ߢ⚂ 2 ಽߩ 1 ⒟ᐲߢ޽ࠆ‫ߥ߁ࠃߩߎޕ‬ᡆ 2 ᰴర‛⾰ߢߪࠪ࡯࠻ᛶ᛫ࠍ⠨ᘦߔࠆߎߣ߇ᄢ੐ߢ޽ࠆ‫ߎߘޕ‬ߢ‫ߥ߁ࠃߩߤޔ‬ᛶ᛫୯ࠍᜬߟߩ߆ࠍ⍮ࠆߚ߼ߦ 1 ጀ޽ߚࠅߩ㔚᳇ᛶ᛫(ࠪ࡯࠻ᛶ᛫ RS)ࠍ⷗Ⓧ߽ࠆߣ‫ޔ‬㛳޿ߚߎߣߦᐢ޿
᷷ᐲ▸࿐ߢ㊂ሶᛶ᛫ h/e2=25.8 k:ㄭறߦ㊂ሶൻߔࠆߩߢ޽ࠆ[5]‫߽ᦨޕ‬㊀ⷐߥߩߪߎࠇ߇ਇ⚐‛Ớᐲߦ޽߹ࠅࠃࠄߥ޿ߣ
޿߁੐ታߢ޽ࠆ‫⁁ࡊ࠶ࡖࠡࡠ࠯߇ࠇߎޕ‬ᘒߩ㔚᳇વዉᕈߩ․ᓽߢ޽ࠆ
2 ࠠࡖ࡝ࠕỚᐲ n ߩ᷷ᐲᄌൻ߇ n о T 2 ߦᓥ߁ߩ߽ߎߩ♽ߩ․ᓽߢ޽ࠆ[4, 5]‫ޕ‬
3 ጀ㑆⏛᳇ᛶ᛫ߦ⥝๧ᷓ޿⃻⽎߇⷗ࠄࠇࠆ‫⁁ࡊ࠶ࡖࠡࡠ࠯ޕ‬ᘒߢߪ⏛႐ਅߢ࠺ࠖ࡜࠶ࠢࡐࠗࡦ࠻ߩ૏⟎ߦ n=0 ߩ࡜ࡦ࠳࠙Ḱ૏ ࠯ࡠࡕ࡯࠼ ߇Ᏹߦሽ࿷ߔࠆ߇‫࠙࠳ࡦ࡜࠼࡯ࡕࡠ࠯ޔ‬Ḱ૏ߩ❗㊀ᐲ߇⏛႐ߦᲧ଀ߒߡჇᄢߒ‫ޔ‬Fermi Ḱ૏ߢߩ⁁ᘒኒᐲ߇Ⴧᄢߔࠆߎߣߢጀ㑆ᣇะߩવዉᐲ߇㜞ߊߥࠆߩߢ޽ࠆ[6]‫ߪࠇߎޕ‬㐳↰ߩ⸘▚⚿ᨐ[7]ߣቯ㊂⊛ߦࠃߊ৻⥌ߔࠆ‫ޕ‬৻ᣇ‫ޔ‬ૐ᷷࡮㜞⏛႐ߢߪࠬࡇࡦಽⵚߦࠃࠅᛶ᛫߇ B-1exp g*PBB/2kBT ߦᓥ߁[6]‫ޕ‬࠯ࡠࠡࡖ࠶ࡊ㔚ሶ♽ߣߒߡߪࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦ߇ᄢᄌ᦭ฬߢ޽ࠆ‫৻ࠍ࠻ࠗࠔࡈ࡜ࠣߪࡦࠚࡈ࡜ࠣޔߒ߆ߒޕ‬ጀߛߌߦߒߚ․ᱶ
‛⾰ߢ޽ࠆ‫ߦࠇߘޕ‬ኻߒߡ‫ࡊ࠶ࡖࠡࡠ࠯ߥࠢ࡞ࡃޔ‬㔚᳇વዉ૕ߪD- BEDT-TTF 2I3 ෸߮㘃Ⴎ‛⾰ ߇໑৻ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ᓥߞߡ‫⥰ࠍ⾰‛ߩߎޔ‬บߦߒߡ࠯ࡠࠡࡖ࠶ࡊ㔚᳇વዉ૕ߩ‛ℂ߇⊒ዷߔࠆߎߣ߇ᦼᓙߐࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬[1] A. Kobayashi et al., J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. 73 (2004) 3135.
[2] S. Katayama et al., J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. 75 (2006) 054705.
[3] H. Kino and T. Miyazaki, J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. 75 (2006) 034704.
[4] N. Tajima et al., J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. 75 (2006) 051010.
[5] N. Tajima et al., EPL 80 (2007) 47002.
[6] N. Tajima et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 102 (2009) 176403.
[7] T. Osada, J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. 77 (2008) 084711.

ခ‫ܥ‬ΔυΆλΛί฼൵ఘ̤̫ͥͅ࿂‫ۼ‬ঽ‫ܨ‬೷ࢯၑა!
᫪ᚑ 㓉ᄦ㧔੩ㇺᄢቇ ၮ␆‛ℂቇ⎇ⓥᚲ㧕 ᡆ 2 ᰴరߩ᦭ᯏዉ૕ D-(BEDT-TTF)2I3 ߪ‫ޔ‬Ᏹ࿶ਅߦ߅޿ߡ 135K ߢ㔚⩄⒎ᐨᒻᚑߦࠃࠆ㊄ዻ̆⛘✼૕ォ⒖ࠍ⿠ߔ‫ߎޕ‬ߩォ⒖ߪ࿶ജࠍട߃ߡ޿ߊߣᛥ೙ߐࠇ‫ ⚂ޔ‬2GPa એ਄ߩ࿶ജਅߢ߶ߣࠎߤ᷷ᐲߦࠃࠄߥ޿㔚᳇ᛶ᛫ࠍ␜ߒ‫৻ߩߘޔ‬ᣇߢࡎ࡯࡞ଥᢙߪᄢ߈ߥ᷷ᐲଐሽᕈࠍ␜ߔ‫ߩ♽ߩߎޕ‬㔚ሶ⁁ᘒߦߟ޿ߡߪ‫ޔ‬ዊᨋࠄߦࠃߞߡࠡࡖ࠶ࡊߩߥ޿࠺ࠖ࡜࠶ࠢ㔚ሶ♽ߣߒߡ⸥ㅀߐࠇࠆߎߣ߇ℂ⺰⊛ߦ␜ໂߐࠇ‫ࠢ࠶࡜ࠖ࠺ޔ‬㔚ሶࠍ․ᓽઃߌࠆ࠺ࠖ࡜࠶ࠢࠦ࡯ࡦ߇௑޿ߡ޿ࠆ⚿ᨐ߇ᓧࠄࠇߡ
޿ࠆ‫⚿ߩߎޕ‬ᨐߪ‫৻╙ޔ‬ේℂ⸘▚߆ࠄ߽⏕߆߼ࠄࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ߎߩ♽߇ࠡࡖ࠶ࡊߩߥ޿࠺ࠖ࡜࠶ࠢ㔚ሶ♽ߢ޽ࠆߎߣࠍ␜ໂߔࠆታ㛎ߣߒߡ‫ߩ⽶ޔ‬㕙㑆⏛᳇ᛶ᛫߇޽ࠆ‫ࠢ࠶࡜ࠖ࠺ޕ‬㔚
ሶ․᦭ߩࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯࠯ࡠߩ࡜ࡦ࠳࠙Ḱ૏ߩᵄേ㑐ᢙࠍ↪޿ߚ㕙㑆⏛᳇ᛶ᛫ߩ⴫ᑼߦࠃߞߡ‫ޔ‬ታ㛎⚿ᨐࠍࠃߊౣ⃻ߔࠆ⚿ᨐ߇㐳↰ߦࠃߞߡᓧࠄࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ߩ⽶ޔߚ߹ޕ‬㕙㑆⏛᳇ᛶ᛫㗔ၞߦ߅޿ߡ⏛႐ߩᣇ૏ⷺଐሽᕈࠍߺࠆߎߣߢߎߩ♽ߩ࠺ࠖ࡜࠶
ࠢࠦ࡯ࡦߩ௑߈߇ᬌ⸽ߢ߈ࠆߣ޿߁ឭ᩺߇ߥߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ᧄ⻠Ṷߢߪ‫߇ࡦ࡯ࠦࠢ࠶࡜ࠖ࠺ޔ‬௑޿ߡ޿ࠆߣ߈ߩ࡜ࡦ࠳࠙Ḱ૏ߩ․ᓽߦߟ޿ߡㅀߴ‫↰ޔ‬᎑ࠄߩ㕙㑆⏛᳇ᛶ᛫ߩታ㛎⚿24ᨐߩ⸃ᨆ߆ࠄ⹏ଔߐࠇߚ࠺ࠖ࡜࠶ࠢࠦ࡯ࡦߩ௑߈ߦߟ޿ߡႎ๔ߔࠆ‫ޔߚ߹ޕ‬ૐ⏛႐㗔ၞߢ᷹ⷰߐࠇߡ޿ࠆᱜߩ⏛᳇ᛶ᛫߇‫ޔ‬࡜ࡦ࠳࠙Ḱ૏㑆ߩㆫ⒖ലᨐߦࠃߞߡℂ⸃ߢ߈ࠆߎߣࠍ␜ߔ‫⚿ߩ♽ߩߎޕ‬᥏ߩኻ⒓ᕈߣ BEDT-TTF ಽሶߩ㈩⟎ࠍ෻ᤋߒߡ‫ޔ‬㕙㑆ߩ㔚ሶߩࡎ࠶ࡇࡦࠣߪု⋥߆ࠄߕࠇߡ߅ࠅ‫⚿ߩߘޔ‬ᨐ࡜ࡦ࠳࠙Ḱ૏㑆ߩㆫ⒖߇น⢻ߦߥࠆ‫ߥ߁ࠃߩߎޕ‬ૐ⏛႐ߢߩᱜߩ⏛᳇ᛶ᛫ߣ㜞⏛႐ߢߩ⽶ߩ␜⏛᳇ᛶ᛫ࠍ⛔৻⊛ߦ⸥ㅀߔࠆℂ⺰ߦࠃߞߡ‫ޔ‬㕙㑆⏛᳇ᛶ᛫ߩታ㛎⚿ᨐߩ⸃ᨆ߆ࠄ࡜ࡦ࠳࠙
Ḱ૏ߩࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯ࠍ᳿߼ࠆࡄ࡜ࡔ࡯࠲߇⷗Ⓧ߽ࠄࠇࠆߎߣࠍㅀߴࠆ‫ޕ‬ခ‫ܥ‬ΔυΆλΛίഥ൵ఘD(BEDT-TTF)2I3 ͈௄‫ۼ‬γȜσ࢘‫!ض‬૒⮮ శᐘ㧔᧲㇌ᄢℂ㧕

D(BEDT-TTF)2I3 ߪવዉጀߣ⛘✼ጀ߇੤੕ߦⓍጀߒߚ᭴ㅧࠍᜬߟಽሶᕈዉ૕ߢ޽ࠆ߇‫ޔ‬࿶ജශടߦࠃࠅ࠯ࡠࠡࡖ࠶ࡊ⁁ᘒߣߥࠆ‫ޕ‬ᚒ‫ߩ⾰‛ߩߎޔߪޘ‬㔚᳇વዉ․ᕈࠍ‫ޔߦ․ޔ‬ጀ㑆ᣇะߩવዉߦ⥝๧ࠍᜬߞߡ⺞ߴߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ጀ㑆વዉߪᄙጀ⤑⹜
ᢱߦ․᦭ߥ⃻⽎ߢ޽ࠆ‫ᦨޕ‬ㄭ‫ޔ‬ᚒ‫ޔߪޘ‬㔚ᵹࠍጀ㑆ᣇะ㧔z ᣇะ㧕ߦᵹߒ‫⏛ޔ‬႐ࠍጀౝ㧔y ᣇะ㧕ߦ߆ߌߡⴕ߁ጀ㑆ࡎ㧙࡞ലᨐߩ᷹ⷰߦᚑഞߒߚ‫ޕ‬࿑ 1 ߪ‫⁁ࡊ࠶ࡖࠡࡠ࠯ޔ‬ᘒߢߩD(BEDT-TTF)2I3 ߦߟ޿ߡጀ㑆ࡎ࡯࡞ᛶ᛫ Uzx ࠍ⺞ߴߚታ㛎⚿ᨐߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬࿑ߪ‫৻ޔ‬ቯᒝᐲߩ⏛႐ࠍ yz ᐔ㕙ౝߢ࿁ォߒߚ႐วߩࡎ࡯࡞ᛶ᛫ߩ⏛႐ᣇะଐሽᕈࠍ␜ߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ㅢᏱ‫࡞࡯ࡎޔ‬ലᨐߪ㔚ᵹߣု⋥ߥ⏛႐ᚑಽߦᲧ଀ߔࠆ߆ࠄ࿑ 1 ߩࠃ߁ߥࡊࡠ࠶࠻ࠍߔࠆߣᱜᒏᵄ⊛ߥᦛ✢ߦߥࠆ‫ޔߒ߆ߒޕ‬࿑ 1 ߩᦛ✢ߪߘࠇߣߪߛ޿߱㆑ߞߡ޿ࠆ‫ߩߎޕ‬ታ㛎⚿ᨐߪᮮゲࠍ cotTߦขߞߚ࿑ 2 ߢ‫ߦ࡞ࡊࡦࠪޔ‬ᢛℂߢ߈ࠆ‫ޕ‬࿑ 2 ࠃࠅ‫ޔ‬ጀု⋥⏛႐ߩᒝ޿㗔ၞ㧔T`S/2, ߒߚ߇ߞߡ‫ޔ‬cotT߇ዊߐ޿㧕ߢߪߤߩᦛ✢߽ cotTߦᲧ଀ߒߚ৻ᧄߩ⋥✢਄ߦਸ਼ߞߡ޿ࠆߎ
ߣ‫ޔ‬cotT߇ᄢ߈ߊߥࠆߣߎߩ⋥✢߆ࠄ㔌ࠇߡࠁߊߎߣ߇ࠊ߆ࠆ‫⏛ޔߪ⽎⃻ߩߎޕ‬႐ࠍශടߒߚߣ߈ࡈࠚ࡞ࡒḰ૏ߩ૏⟎ߦߢ߈ࠆ࠯ࡠࡕ࡯࠼ߩ࡜ࡦ࠳࠙Ḱ૏ߦࠃࠆ߽ߩߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ૐ᷷࡮ᒝ⏛႐ߢߪવዉߦነਈߔࠆࠠࡖ࡝ࠕ߇࠯ࡠࡕ࡯࠼࡜ࡦ࠳࠙
㔚ሶߛߌߣߥࠆ㊂ሶᭂ㒢⁁ᘒ߇ታ⃻ߔࠆ‫⏛ޔ߈ߣߩߎޕ‬႐ߩጀု⋥ᚑಽߦᲧ଀ߒߚኒᐲߩ࡜ࡦ࠳࠙㔚ሶ߇↢߹ࠇ‫ߩߘޔ‬㔚ሶߦጀᐔⴕᚑಽߦᲧ଀ߒߚࡠ࡯࡟ࡦ࠷ജ߇௛ߊߣߔࠆߣ‫ޔ‬㊂ሶᭂ㒢⁁ᘒߢߩጀ㑆ࡎ࡯࡞ᛶ᛫ Uzx ߪ‫ޔ‬ጀᐔⴕ⏛႐ߣ‫ޔ‬ጀု⋥⏛႐ߣߩᲧߦᲧ଀ߔࠆ‫ߩߘޕ‬Ყߪ cotTߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬Ყ଀ଥᢙߪࡈࠜࡦ࡮ࠢ࡝࠶࠷ࠖࡦࠣቯᢙߦጀ㑆ᣇะߩᩰሶቯᢙࠍ߆ߌ
ߚ୯ߩࠝ࡯࠳࡯ߣߥߞߡ޿ࠆ߇‫ޔ‬ታ᷹୯ߪℂᗐ⊛ߥ୯ߣᄙዋ࠭࡟ߡ޿ࠆ‫ޔߪ࡟࠭ߩߎޕ‬વዉߦነਈߔࠆࠠࡖ࡝ࠕߩᢙ߇૗
ࠄ߆ߩℂ↱ߢᷫߞߡ޿ࠆߩ߇ේ࿃ߣ⠨߃ߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ ࿑ 1㧦ጀ㑆ࡎ࡯࡞ᛶ᛫ߩ⏛႐ⷺᐲଐሽᕈ        ࿑ 2㧦࿑㧝ߩᮮゲࠍ cotTߣߒߚࠣ࡜ࡈ

25

΢ΦΈρέͿϋ͈ഩঊ໤଻͂࿶௣අ଻!
⧯ᨋ సᴺ㧔‛⾰࡮᧚ᢱ⎇ⓥᯏ᭴㧕 ৻ේሶጀߩࠣ࡜ࡈࠔࠗ࠻ࠪ࡯࠻ ࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦ ߇ታ㛎⊛ߦኈᤃߦ૞⵾ߢ߈ࠆߎߣ߇ᜰ៰ߐࠇߡએ㒠‫ߡ޿ߟߦࡦࠚࡈ࡜ࠣޔ‬ၮ␆߅ࠃ߮ᔕ↪ߩⷰὐ߆ࠄ῜⊒⊛ߦ⎇ⓥ߇ㅴ߼ࠄࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ᦨߦࠄߐޕ‬ㄭߢߪ‫ޔ‬ඨዉ૕ᓸ⚦ടᎿᛛⴚ޽ࠆ޿ߪൻቇ⊛ߥᚻᴺߦࠃߞߡ‫ߩ࡞࡯ࠤࠬࡁ࠽ޔ‬᏷ࠍ߽ߟ࡝ࡏࡦߩࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦ ࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦ࠽ࡁ࡝ࡏࡦ ߩ૞⵾߽น⢻ߦߥߞߡ߈ߡ߅ࠅ[1]‫ޔ‬ࠛ࠶ࠫᒻ⁁ࠍ೙ᓮߔࠆ⹜ߺ߽ⴕࠊࠇߡ޿ࠆ[2]‫⎇ᧄޕ‬ⓥળߢߪ‫ߩࡦࡏ࡝ࡁ࠽ࡦࠚࡈ࡜ࠣޔ‬㔚ሶ⁁ᘒ߅ࠃ߮㔚ሶャㅍ․ᕈߦ
ὶὐࠍ޽ߡ[3]‫ᦨޔ‬ㄭߩ࠽ࡁࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦ⎇ⓥߩേะࠍ⚫੺ߒߟߟ‫ߥ⇣․ࠆߌ߅ߦࡦࠚࡈ࡜ࠣࡁ࠽ޔ‬㔚ሶ‛ᕈߦߟ޿ߡ⼏⺰ࠍߒߚ‫ޔߚ߹ޕ‬ᚒ‫⎇ߩޘ‬ⓥࠣ࡞࡯ࡊߩᚑᨐߣߒߡ‫ޔ‬ਇ⚐‛ࠍ᦭ߔࠆࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦ࠽ࡁ࡝ࡏࡦߦ߅ߌࠆቢోવዉ࠴ࡖࡀ࡞[4]‫ޔ‬ߐࠄߦ࠽ࡁࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦធว♽ࠍ੺ߒߚ㔚ሶવዉ․ᕈ[5]ߦߟ޿ߡ⚫੺ࠍߒߚ‫ޕ‬[1] M. Y. Han et.al. Phys. Rev. Lett. 98, 206805 (2007); X. Li et.al. Science 319, 1229(2008).
[2] X. Jia, et.al., Science 323, 1701 (2009).
[3] ⧯ᨋసᴺ, ⨲ㇱᶈ৻, ᣣᧄ‛ℂቇળ⹹, 63, 344(2008).
[4] K. Wakabayashi, Y. Takane, M. Sigrist, Phys. Rev. Lett. 99, 036601(2007); CARBON(Elsevier) 47, 124 (2009).
[5] M. Yamamoto, and K. Wakabayashi, Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 082109 (2009).

26

ņťŨŦġŴŵŢŵŦŴġŢůťġűŰŴŴŪţŭŦġŮŢŨůŦŵŪŤġŴŵŢŵŦŴġŪůġůŢůŰŨųŢűũŦůŦġŢůťġŰűŦůĮŴũŦŭŭġŤŰůūŶŨŢŵŦťġŴźŴŵŦŮŴġ
K. Harigaya, AIST, Tsukuba

Nanocarbon materials are investigated intensively. In this paper, the edge-state in nanographene materials withzigzag edges is studied theoretically. In particular, while the inter-layer interactions are considered, we prove thatedge states exist at the energy of the Dirac point in the doubly stacked nanographene, and in the case of theinfinitely-wide lower layer case. This property applies both for the A-B and A-C stackings. We also study possible
magnetic properties in fullerenes with defects and buckybowl molecules. When the number of lattice defects in C60 iseven, we obtain magnetic and nonmagnetic solutions. The total energy of the nonmagnetic solution is lower thanthat of the magnetic solution. The occurrence of the localized spin is reduced for finite onsite Coulomb repulsions.
When the number of defects is odd, magnetic solutions are obtained only. The spin density reflects the symmetry of
the molecules. We also consider possible magnetic states in buckybowl molecules. We find localized spin order in thesumanene molecule and a part of the C60.

!
΢ΦΈρέͿϋ͈౤༷࢜ে༆͂ഩঊ࿶௣!
㜞੗ ๺ਯ㧔᧲੩Ꮏᬺᄢቇᄢቇ㒮ℂᎿቇ⎇ⓥ⑼㧕
ࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦߩ࠽ࡁ᭴ㅧߢߪ㔚ሶャㅍߦ߅ߌࠆࠠࡖ࡝ࠕߩᢔੂߥߤߦ߅޿ߡ㗼⪺ߥ┵ߩᓇ㗀߇ᦼᓙߐࠇࠆ‫࡜ࠣޔߒ߆ߒޕ‬ࡈࠚࡦ┵ߪ zigzag ┵ߦ߅ߌࠆࠬࡇࡦಽᭂߒߚࠛ࠶ࠫ⁁ᘒߩ಴⃻ߥߤ‫┵ޔ‬ᣇะߦᒝߊଐሽߒߚ㔚ሶ᭴ㅧࠍᜬߞߡ߅ࠅ‫࠽ޔ‬ࡁࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦߩ㔚ሶ‛ᕈߩ⸃᣿ߦ߅޿ߡߪ┵ᣇะߩ⼂೎߇㕖Ᏹߦ㊀ⷐߢ޽ࠆ‫⼂┵ࡦࠚࡈ࡜ࠣޕ‬೎ߩᣇᴺߣߒߡߪ Ramanಽశߦ߅ߌࠆ D ࡃࡦ࠼ߩᒝᐲࠍ↪޿ߚᣇᴺ߇ᦨㄭႎ๔ߐࠇߚ߇‫ޔ‬ᚒ‫੹ߪޘ‬࿁ᣂߚߦࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦ┵ߩᣇะߦଐሽߒߚ G ࡃࡦ࠼ߩࠪࡈ࠻ࠍ⊒⷗ߒ‫┵ޔ‬ᣇะ⼂೎ߩ᦭ജߥᣇᴺߦߥࠆߎߣࠍ␜ߒߚ‫ ߩߎޕ‬G ࡃࡦ࠼ࠪࡈ࠻ߩේ࿃ߣߒߡߪࠦ࡯ࡦ⇣Ᏹߦࠃࠅ࠰ࡈ࠻ൻߒߚ LO ࡕ࡯࠼߇ Armchair ┵ㄭறߦ߅޿ߡߩߺᵴᕈߦߥࠆߩߦኻߒ‫ޔ‬zigzag ┵ㄭறߢߪ࠰ࡈ࠻ൻߩᓇ
㗀ࠍฃߌߥ޿ TO ࡕ࡯࠼ߩߺ߇ᵴᕈߢ޽ࠆߚ߼‫┵ࡦࠚࡈ࡜ࠣޔ‬ᣇะߦଐሽߒߚ⷗ߚ⋡ߩ G ࡃࡦ࠼ࠪࡈ࠻߇⿠ߎࠆ߽ߩߣ
ߒߡℂ⸃ߐࠇࠆ‫ߩࡦࠚࡈ࡜ࠣࡁ࠽ޔߚ߹ޕ‬㔚ሶャㅍߣߒߡ‫ࡁ࠽ߦ⁁ࡦࡏ࡝ޔ‬ടᎿߐࠇߚࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦߩ⏛᳇ᛶ᛫ߩ SdH ᝄേߦߟ޿ߡႎ๔ߒߚ‫✢ߪߡ޿߅ߦࡦࠚࡈ࡜ࠣࠢ࡞ࡃޕ‬ᒻࡃࡦ࠼ࠃࠅᦼᓙߐࠇࠆ‫࠻࡯ࠥޔ‬㔚࿶ߦᲧ଀ߒߚᄢ߈ߐࠍᜬߟࡈࠚ
࡞ࡒ㕙߇᷹ⷰߐࠇࠆߩߦኻߒ‫ࠢ࠶࡜ࠖ࠺ߪߡ޿߅ߦࡦࡏ࡝ࡦࠚࡈ࡜ࠣࡁ࠽ޔ‬ὐㄭறߢᄢ߈ߥࡈࠚ࡞ࡒ㕙ߦኻᔕߠߌࠄࠇࠆ
⇣Ᏹߥᝄേ᭴ㅧ߇⷗ࠄࠇ‫ࠢ࠶࡜ࠖ࠺ޔ‬ὐߦ߅޿ߡᄢ߈ߥ⁁ᘒኒᐲࠍᜬߟࠛ࠶ࠫ⁁ᘒߩ㔚ሶャㅍ߳ߩነਈ߇␜ໂߐࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬27

ΈρέͿϋ̤͍͢Έρέ͹ͼΠນ࿂͈ STM/STS ۷௶!
ᴡว ⋥᮸‫᧻ޔ‬੗ ᦮⵨‫⑔ޔ‬ጊ ኡ㧔᧲ᄢ㒮ℂ㧕
⻠Ṷߩ೨ඨߢߪ‫ߢ߹ࠇߎޔ‬ᚒ‫⴫࠻ࠗࠔࡈ࡜ࠣߚ߈ߡߞⴕ߇ޘ‬㕙ߩᡆ 2 ᰴర㔚ሶ♽ߩ STS ᷹ⷰߩ߁ߜ‫ޔ‬zigzag ┵ࠍ߽ߟࠬ࠹࠶ࡊߦ߅ߌࠆࠣ࡜ࡈࠔࠗ࠻┵⁁ᘒߩ᷹ⷰߣ‫ޔ‬㜞⏛႐ਅߢߩ࡜ࡦ࠳࠙Ḱ૏᭴ㅧߣਇ⚐‛๟ࠅߩዪ࿷/㕖ዪ࿷⁁ᘒߩ᷹ⷰߦߟ޿ߡ⚫੺ߒߚ‫ޕ‬ᓟඨߪ‫⎇ߩࠄࠇߎޔ‬ⓥࠍ㧝ߥ޿ߒᢙጀߩࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦ⹜ᢱ߳᜛ᒛߔࠆߚ߼ߩ੍஻⊛ߥታ㛎ߦߟ޿ߡ⚫੺ߒߚ‫ޕ‬㜞⏛႐ਛߢߪ‫⁁┵࠻ࠗࠔࡈ࡜ࠣޔ‬ᘒߣ㊂ሶࡎ࡯࡞ലᨐߩ┵⁁ᘒߩ┹ว/౒↢‫ᦨޔ‬ૐ࡜ࡦ࠳࠙Ḱ૏ߩ⹜ᢱ┵ߦ߅ߌࠆࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯ಽⵚߥߤ⥝๧ᷓ޿⃻⽎߇ᦼᓙߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬㜞࠼࡯ࡊ SiC ၮ᧼ Si 㕙਄ߦ in situ ߢวᚑߒߚ 2 ጀࠛࡇ࠲ࠠࠪࡖ
࡞࡮ࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦߩ STS ᷹ቯࠍ 6 T ߩ⏛႐ਛߢⴕߞߚ߇‫⴫࠻ࠗࠔࡈ࡜ࠣޔ‬㕙ߩߣ߈ߩࠃ߁ߥ᣿⏕ߥ࡜ࡦ࠳࠙Ḱ૏᭴ㅧߪⷰ
᷹ߐࠇߥ߆ߞߚ‫ߪࠇߎޕ‬ၮ᧼ߣࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦ⇇㕙߆ࠄߩᒝ޿ࡐ࠹ࡦࠪࡖ࡞ߩᓇ㗀ߦࠃࠆߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆ‫ޔߚ߹ޕ‬STM ត㊎ߢ᛬ࠅᦛߍߚ࠽ࡁࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦ૞ᚑߩ⃻⁁߽ႎ๔ߒߚ‫ޕ‬

Edge states of epitaxially grown graphene on 4H-SiC(0001) studied
by scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy
AGrad. Sch. Sci., Hiroshima Univ., BHSRC, Hiroshima Univ., CDep. Phys., Fudan Univ.

M. YeA, Y. T. CuiB, Y. NishimuraA, Y. YamadaA, S. QiaoC, A.KimuraA,
M. NakatakeB, M. SawadaB, H. NamatameB, M. TaniguchiA,B

The edge properties of single layer graphene epitaxially grown on 4H-SiC(0001) have been extensively
investigated with scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) and scanning tunneling spectroscopy (STS) at thetemperature of 78K. We have observed the armchair- and zigzag-type edges of single layer graphene at the step edgeof partially graphitized 4H-SiC(0001) substrate. Super-structure possessing the (л3xл3)R30q periodicity withrespect to the graphene lattice has been found in the vicinity of graphene edge, which is similar to the case ofgraphite edge [1] [2]. And the atomic-structure-dependency of the localized electronic states in the vicinity ofdifferent types of graphene edges has been directly observed by means of STS. The electron-doped edge states at
zigzag-type edge shows double-peak shape in the STS spectra, which indicates the lifting of degeneracy of the edge
states due to the substrate effect [3]. This result should be a substantiation of the existence of the edge states of
epitaxially grown graphene on SiC substrate, and the local magnetic properties of graphene edge should therefore be
attached with extra importance and attention.

[1] Y. Niimi, T. Matsui, H. Kambara, K. Tagami, M. Tsukada, H. Fukuyama, Phys. Rev. B 73, (2006) 085421.
[2] Y. Kobayashi, K. Fukui, T. Enoki, K. Kusakabe, Y. Kaburagi, Phys. Rev. B 71, (2005) 193406.
[3] S. Y. Zhou, G.-H. Gweon, A. V. Fedorov, P. N. First, W. A. de Heer, D.-H. Lee, F. Guinea, A. H. Castro Neto and
A. Lanzara, Nature Materials 6, (2007) 770.

28ΈρέͿϋ౤̤̫ͥ݀ͅΑάϋ฽ৣ͈ၑა͂ρζϋ໦࢕!
૒‫ ᧁޘ‬ஜ৻㧔⁛┙ⴕ᡽ᴺੱ ‛⾰࡮᧚ᢱ⎇ⓥᯏ᭴㧕ࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦ┵ߢߪ‫‛ࠆߥ⇣ߪߣࠢ࡞ࡃޔ‬ᕈ߇ታ⃻ߔࠆน⢻ᕈ߇޽ࠅ‫ޔ‬࿖㓙⊛ߦ߽ࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦ┵߳ߩ㑐ᔃ߇㜞߹ߞߡ޿߹
ߔ‫‛ߩ┵ޕ‬ᕈߪߘߩᣇะᕈ ࠫࠣࠩࠣ┵߿ࠕ࡯ࡓ࠴ࠚࠕ┵ߥߤ ߣኒធߦ㑐ଥߒߡ޿߹ߔߩߢ‫ߩ┵ޔ‬ᣇะᕈࠍ᳿߼ࠆߎߣߪ
㊀ⷐߥ⺖㗴ߩ৻ߟߢߔ‫⑳ޕ‬㆐ߪ‫ࡦࡑ࡜ޔ‬ಽశߦ⃻ࠇࠆ G ࡃࡦ࠼ࠍ↪޿ߚ┵ߩᣇะᕈ᳿ቯߩน⢻ᕈࠍᮨ⚝ߒߡ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬੹࿁ߩ⊒⴫ߢߪ‫ߩߢ┵ࡦࠚࡈ࡜ࠣޔ‬㔚ሶ⁁ᘒߩ․ᱶᕈࠍᡆࠬࡇࡦߩⷰὐ߆ࠄ⠨ኤߒߚ⚿ᨐ Ꮐਅ࿑ ߣ‫ޔ‬G ࡃࡦ࠼ߦ㑐ଥߔࠆ㔚ሶᩰሶ⋧੕૞↪ߣ㔚⏛⋧੕૞↪ࠍ‫᦭ޔ‬ല⾰㊂ㄭૃࠍ↪޿ߡ᳞߼ߚℂ⺰⚿ᨐߦߟ޿ߡႎ๔ߒ߹ߔ‫ࡦࡑ࡜ߩߢ┵ޕ‬ᒝᐲ߇‫ߩ࡯ࠩ࡯࡟ࡦࡑ࡜ޔ‬஍శᣇะߣ┵ߩᣇะᕈߦᒝߊଐሽߔࠆ ฝਅ࿑ ߎߣߥߤ߇ಽ߆ࠅ߹ߒߚ‫ࠍࠇߎޕ‬ታ㛎ߣᲧセߔࠆߎߣߢ‫ߩ┵ޔ‬ᣇะᕈ߿ࠫࠣࠩࠣ┵ߣࠕ࡯ࡓ࠴ࠚࠕ┵ߩᷙᚑഀวࠍ᳿߼ࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈ࠆߣ⠨߃ߡ޿߹ߔ‫ ޕ‬ෳ⠨ᢥ₂㧦
Sasaki et al. PRB 80, 155450 (2009), arXiv:0911.1593
Ꮐਅ࿑ ࠫࠣࠩࠣ┵ߦ߅ߌࠆ㔚ሶ෻኿ߪ‫⼱ޔ‬ౝ෻኿ߢ޽ࠅ‫⋥ုߦ┵ࠣࠩࠣࠫߟ߆ޔ‬ᣇะߩᡆࠬࡇࡦ߇෻ォߔࠆ‫ࡓ࡯ࠕޕ‬࠴ࠚࠕ┵ߢߩ㔚ሶߩ෻኿ߪ‫⼱ޔ‬㑆෻኿ߢ޽ࠅ‫ߟ߆ޔ‬ᡆࠬࡇࡦߪᄌൻߒߥ޿‫ޕ‬ᄥ޿ ⚦޿ ⍫ශ߇ᡆࠬࡇࡦ ᵄᢙࡌࠢ࠻࡞ ߩᣇะࠍ⴫ߔ‫ ޕ‬ฝਅ࿑ ࠫࠣࠩࠣ┵ߣࠕ࡯ࡓ࠴ࠚࠕ┵ߦ߅ߌࠆᡆࠬࡇࡦߩᝄ⥰ߩ㆑޿߇‫ޔ‬G ࡃࡦ࠼ᒝᐲߦ߅޿ߡ࡜ࡑࡦ
࡟࡯ࠩ࡯ߩ஍శଐሽᕈߣߒߡ⃻ࠇࠆ‫߇┵ࠕࠚ࠴ࡓ࡯ࠕߣ┵ࠣࠩࠣࠫޕ‬หߓ⒟ᐲሽ࿷ߔࠆ┵ߢߪ஍శଐሽᕈߪᶖᄬߔࠆ‫ޕ‬

29ŔŪń ΢Φນ࿂ષ͈΀άΗ΅ΏλσΈρέͿϋ!
↰ਛ ᖗ㧔਻Ꮊᄢቇᄢᄢቇ㒮Ꮏቇ⎇ⓥ㒮ࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯㊂ሶᎿቇㇱ㐷㧕‫ !ٽ‬ါ!
௑ᢳ SiC ⴫㕙ߦߪࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯቟ቯ᭴ㅧߣߒߡ๟ᦼ⊛࠽ࡁࡈࠔ࠮࠶࠻㧔࠽ࡁ⴫㕙㧕߇ᒻᚑߐࠇࠆ[1]‫ ߪߢ⴫⊒ᧄޕ‬SiC ࠽ࡁ⴫㕙ߩ㜞᷷ᾲಽ⸃ߦ߅޿ߡᒻᚑߐࠇࠆࠛࡇ࠲ࠠࠪࡖ࡞ࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦߩᚑ㐳ᯏ᭴ߦߟ޿ߡ⼏⺰ࠍⴕ߁‫ߪ࠻࠶࠮ࠔࡈࡁ࠽ޕ‬bi-layer ߩࠬ࠹࠶ࡊ߇ⷙೣ⊛ߦ㈩೉ߒߚ᭴ㅧߦߥߞߡ߅ࠅ‫⴫ޔ‬㕙ᾲಽ⸃ߦࠃࠆࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦᒻᚑߦ߅޿ߡ㊀ⷐߥᓎഀࠍᨐߚ
ߔ[2]‫ࡦࠚࡈ࡜ࠣޕ‬ⓨ㑆ጀෘಽᏓߩᚑ㐳᷷ᐲ࡮ᤨ㑆ଐሽᕈߦߟ޿ߡૐㅦ㔚ሶ㗼ᓸ㏜(LEEM)[3]ߦࠃࠅ⺞ߴߚ⚿ᨐ‫ޔ‬ᩭ⊒↢
ኒᐲߣ Si, C ේሶߩ⴫㕙᜛ᢔ㐳ߦᄢ߈ߊଐሽߒߡ޿ࠆߎߣ߇ࠊ߆ߞߚ‫ޕ‬හߜ‫ࠅࠃޔ‬㜞᷷ߢߩᚑ㐳ߢߪ‫ޔ‬ᩭᒻᚑኒᐲ߇ዊߐ
ߊ‫߇ࡦࠚࡈ࡜ࠣߦ⁁࡯ࡠࡈࡊ࠶࠹ࠬߚ߹ޔ‬ᒻᚑߐࠇ‫ޔ‬ጀᢙಽᏓ߇ᛥ߃ࠄࠇࠆ‫ߦࡊ࠶࠹ࠬߪ࡯ࡠࡈࡊ࠶࠹ࠬޕ‬ᐔⴕߥᣇะߦ
ఝవ⊛ߦ↢ߓߡ߅ࠅ‫ޔ‬Si, C ේሶߩ᜛ᢔ࡮ଏ⛎ߣ㑐ଥ߇޽ࠆߣᕁࠊࠇࠆ‫ࡦࠚࡈ࡜ࠣޔߚ߹ޕ‬ጀᢙ߇Ⴧᄢߔࠆߦᓥ޿‫ޔ‬ᚑ㐳ㅦᐲ߇ࠬ࠹࠶ࡊ⁁ߦᷫዋߔࠆߎߣ߆ࠄ‫ޔ‬ᚑ㐳ߒߚࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦጀਛߩ Si ߩ᜛ᢔ࡮⣕㔌߇ᓞㅦߒߡ޿ࠆน⢻ᕈ߇㜞޿‫߆ߒޕ‬ߒߥ߇ࠄ‫ࡦࠚࡈ࡜ࠣޔ‬ਛߩ Si ᜛ᢔࡃ࡝ࠕߪ㕖Ᏹߦ㜞޿ߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇ‫ࡦࠚࡈ࡜ࠣޔ‬㕙ౝߩ᭴ㅧᰳ㒱ߦ⿠࿃ߒߚ⣕㔌ߢ޽ࠆߣᕁࠊࠇࠆ‫੹ޕ‬ᓟ‫ޔ‬ታ㛎⊛ߦᵴᕈൻࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯ࠍ᳞߼ࠆߎߣ߿᭴ㅧᓸ⚦⸃ᨆ‫৻╙߮ࠃ߅ޔ‬ේℂࠍ૶ߞߚ᜛ᢔࡃ࡝ࠕߩ⸘▚ߥ
ߤߩℂ⺰⊛ߥࠕࡊࡠ࡯࠴ࠍⴕ޿‫ޔ‬ᚑ㐳ᯏ᭴ࠍ᣿ࠄ߆ߦߔࠆߎߣ߇㊀ⷐߥ⺖㗴ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬[1] H. Nakagawa, S. Tanaka, and I. Suemune,̌Self-ordering of nanofacets on vicinal SiC surfaces̍, Phys. Rev. Lett.
91, 226107(2003).
[2] ଀߃߫㧘J. B. Hannon and R. M. Tromp, Phys. Rev. B 77, 241404(R)(2008).
[3] H. Hibino et al., Phys. Rev. B 77, 075413(2008).

ŔŪń ષ΀άΗ΅Ώλσତ௄ΈρέͿϋ͈ୟ௄Ριͼϋ!
ᣣᲧ㊁ ᶈ᮸㧔NTT ‛ᕈ⑼ቇၮ␆⎇ⓥᚲ㧕SiC ၮ᧼਄ߦࠛࡇ࠲ࠠࠪࡖ࡞ᚑ㐳ߒߚੑጀࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦߩⓍጀ᭴ㅧࠍૐࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯㔚ሶ㗼ᓸ㏜ LEEM ߦࠃࠅ⺞ߴߚ‫ޕ‬ੑጀࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦߪ‫ ޔ‬0,0 ࡆ࡯ࡓࠍ↪޿ߚ᣿ⷞ㊁ LEEM ௝ߢߪဋ⾰ߦ⷗߃ࠆ߇‫ ޔ‬1,0 ߅ࠃ߮ 1,0 ࡆ࡯ࡓࠍ↪޿ߚᥧⷞ㊁
LEEM ௝ߦߪ‫ޔ‬ੑ⒳㘃ߩ࠼ࡔࠗࡦ߇ⷰኤߐࠇࠆ‫ ޔߚ߹ޕ‬1,0 ߣ 1,0 ߩᥧⷞ㊁ LEEM ௝ߪࠦࡦ࠻࡜ࠬ࠻߇੕޿ߦ෻ォߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ੑ⒳㘃ߩ࠼ࡔࠗࡦߩ⚿᥏᭴ㅧߪਃ࿁ኻ⒓ߢ‫৻ޔ‬ᣇࠍ㕙ౝߦ 180q࿁ォߔࠆߣઁᣇߦ৻⥌ߔࠆ‫ޔߪࡦࠚࡈ࡜ࠣޕ‬න૏⢩ౝߦੑߟߩ὇⚛ේሶࠍ A ࠨࠗ࠻ߣ B ࠨࠗ࠻ߦ฽߻‫ޕ‬ੑጀࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦߪ‫ޔ‬B ࠨࠗ࠻ߩ὇⚛ේሶߩ਄ߦ A’ࠨࠗ࠻ߩ὇
⚛ේሶ߇૏⟎ߔࠆ AB Ⓧጀߣ‫ޔ‬A ࠨࠗ࠻ߩ὇⚛ේሶߩ਄ߦ B’ࠨࠗ࠻ߩ὇⚛ේሶ߇૏⟎ߔࠆ BA AC Ⓧጀߩ‫ࠆߥ⇣ޔ‬ੑ⒳㘃ߩ቟ቯ᭴ㅧࠍขࠅᓧࠆ‫ޕ‬AB Ⓧጀߣ AC Ⓧጀ᭴ㅧߩኻ⒓ᕈߪ‫ޔ‬ᥧⷞ㊁ LEEM ௝ߦⷰኤߐࠇߚ࠼ࡔࠗࡦߩ߽ߩߣ৻⥌ߒ‫ޔ‬ੑ⒳㘃ߩ࠼ࡔࠗࡦ߇Ⓧጀ㗅ߩ⇣ߥߞߚ߽ߩߢ޽ࠆߎߣ߇␜ໂߐࠇࠆ‫ߦ࠻ࠗࠔࡈ࡜ࠣߩࠢ࡞ࡃޔߦ߼ߚࠆߔ⸽⏕ࠍࠇߎޕ‬ኻߒߡૐㅦ㔚ሶ࿁᛬ LEED ᒝᐲߩ㔚ሶ✢ࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯ଐሽᕈ IV ᦛ✢ ࠍ⸘▚ߒ‫ޔ‬ᥧⷞ㊁ LEEM ௝߆ࠄታ㛎⊛ߦ᳞߼ߚIV ᦛ✢ߣᲧセߒߚ‫ޕ‬ੑ⒳㘃ߩ࠼ࡔࠗࡦߦኻߒߡ᷹ቯߒߚ IV ᦛ✢ߪ‫ ޔ‬1,0 ߅ࠃ߮ 1,0 ࡆ࡯ࡓߦኻߔࠆ⸘▚⚿ᨐߣࠃߊ৻⥌ߒ‫ޔ‬ੑ⒳㘃ߩ࠼ࡔࠗࡦ߇ AB Ⓧጀߣ AC Ⓧጀߦኻᔕߔࠆߎߣ߇␜ߐࠇߚ‫ޔߚ߹ޕ‬AB Ⓧጀߩ࠼ࡔࠗࡦߣ AC Ⓧጀߩ࠼ࡔࠗࡦߩႺ⇇ߦ⃻ࠊࠇࠆ․᦭ߩႺ⇇᭴ㅧ߽‫ޔ‬ኻ⒓ᕈߥࠄ߮ߦ LEEM ௝ߣ LEED ᒝᐲ⸘▚⚿ᨐߩᲧセ߆ࠄ⸃᣿ߒߚ‫ޕ‬30ŔŪńષΈρέͿϋോ͈ၑა࠿൦!
ᓇፉ ඳਯ‫ޔ‬ᣣᲧ㊁ ᶈ᮸‫ޔ‬᳗ἑ 㓷ᄦ‫ޔ‬ጊญ ᶈม㧔NTT‛ᕈ⑼ቇၮ␆⎇ⓥᚲ㧕 SiC ߪᾲಽ⸃ߦࠃࠅ⴫㕙ߦࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦ߇ࠛࡇ࠲ࠠࠪࡗ࡞ߦᚑ㐳ߔࠆ‫ߩߎޕ‬ᚑ㐳ࠍ೙ᓮߔࠆߎߣߦࠃࠅ‫ޔ‬ᚒ‫ోࡂࠚ࠙ߪޘ‬㕙ࠍⷒ߁ᐢᄢߥ 2 ጀࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦ㗔ၞࠍᒻᚑߔࠆ[1]ߩߺߥࠄߕ‫ޔ‬ᢙච nm ⒟ᐲߩࠨࠗ࠭ߩ 1 ጀ࡮2 ጀߩࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦፉߩᒻ
ᚑߦ߽ᚑഞߒߡ޿ࠆ[2]‫ࠆࠃߦࡉ࡯ࡠࡊࡊ࠶ࡖࠡࡁ࠽ޔ߽߆ߒޕ‬᷹ቯߪ‫ޔ‬ፉߩᒻ⁁ߦ૗⒳㘃߆޽ࠆߎߣࠍ␜ໂߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ ╙৻ේℂ⸘▚ߦࠃࠆߣ‫ޔ‬ᚑ㐳ߪ⇇㕙ߢ⿠ߎࠅ߿ߔߊ‫ޔ‬Si ߩ⣕㔌ࠨࠗ࠻ߪ C ߩଏ⛎Ḯߦ߽ C ߩๆ޿ㄟߺญߦ߽ߥࠆ[3]‫ޕ‬߹ߚ‫ޔ‬SiC ၮ᧼ߦ⋥ធធวߒߚ 1 ጀࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦߪࡃࡦ࠼᭴ㅧߦ࠺ࠖ࡜࠶ࠢࠦ࡯ࡦࠍᜬߚߕ‫ࠔࡈ࠶ࡃޔ‬ጀߣߒߡ௛ߊ‫ࠇߎޕ‬ࠄߩ⍮⷗ࠍ✚วߔࠆߣ‫ࡦࠚࡈ࡜ࠣޔ‬ፉߣߒߡߪ᭽‫ߥޘ‬᭴ㅧ߇⠨߃ࠄࠇ ਅ࿑ෳᾖ ‫ޔ‬ਛߦߪࠛ࠶ࠫ߇ಾࠇߡ߅ࠄߕࠪ࡯ࡓ࡟
ࠬߢ޽ࠆߣ޿߁․⇣ߥᒻ⁁߇⃻ࠇߡ޿ࠆน⢻ᕈ߽޽ࠆ ਅ࿑(b)߿(i)㧕[4]‫ߩࠫ࠶ࠛޕ‬ᒻ⁁ࠍ೙ᓮߢ߈ࠇ߫ࠛ࠶ࠫ⁁ᘒ߽೙ᓮߢ߈ࠆߚ߼‫ޔ‬ᄢᄌ⥝๧ᷓ޿‫ޕ‬* ᧄ⎇ⓥߩ৻ㇱߪ⑼⎇⾌ 19310085, 21246006 ߩ⵬ഥࠍᓧߡⴕࠊࠇ߹ߒߚ‫ޕ‬[1] M. Nagase, H. Hibino, H. Kageshima, and H. Yamaguchi, Nanotechnol. 20 (2009) 445704[2] M. Nagase, H. Hibino, H. Kageshima, and H. Yamaguchi, Nanotechnol. 19 (2008) 495701.
[3] H. Kageshima, H. Hibino, M. Nagase, and H. Yamaguchi, Appl. Phys. Exp. 2 (2009) 065502.
[4] H. Kageshima, H. Hibino, M. Nagase, and H. Yamaguchi, Proceedings of ICSCRM 2009, Nürnberg, Germany.

࿑㧚(a)(c) ╙৻ේℂ⸘▚ߦࠃߞߡ␜ໂߐࠇࠆ SiC(0001)਄ߢߩ 1 ጀࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦߩᚑ㐳ㆊ⒟ߩ৻଀‫(ޕ‬d)㧙(j) ታ㛎⊛ߦ 1 ጀࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦፉߣߒߡ᷹ⷰߐࠇࠆน⢻ᕈߩ޽ࠆ(b)એᄖߩේሶ᭴ㅧ‫(ޕ‬d)㧙(g) ߩ᭴ㅧߢߪ sp2 ⚿ว߇ಾࠇߡ޿ࠆ߇‫ࠇߘޔ‬એᄖߢߪಾࠇ
ߡ޿ߥ޿‫ޕ‬!

31ŔŪń ષΈρέͿϋ͈ഩঊેఠ௶೰!
ਛㄞ ኯ‫ޔ‬ᩊ↰ ␭᮸‫ޔ‬ዊ᫪ ᢥᄦ㧔᧲੩ᄢቇ‛ᕈ⎇ⓥᚲ㧕௑ᢳ SiC 0001 ၮ᧼ߩᾲಽ⸃ߦࠃࠅࠛࡇ࠲ࠠࠪࡖ࡞ᚑ㐳ߐߖߚ৻ጀ߅ࠃ߮ੑጀࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦߩේሶ᭴ㅧߣ㔚ሶ⁁ᘒߦߟ޿ߡ‫⿛ޔ‬ᩏ࠻ࡦࡀ࡞㗼ᓸ㏜ STM ߣⷺᐲಽ⸃శ㔚ሶಽశ ARPES ࠍ↪޿ߡ⺞ߴߚ⚿ᨐࠍ⚫੺ߔࠆ‫⹜ޕ‬ᢱߪ਻Ꮊᄢቇߩ
↰ਛᖗᢎ᝼ߩࠣ࡞࡯ࡊߢ૞⵾ߐࠇߚ߽ߩࠍ↪޿ߚ‫ޕ‬૞⵾ᓟߦᄢ᳇ਛߢㆇ៝‫⿥ޔ‬㜞⌀ⓨᮏౝߢ 600͠⒟ᐲߦടᾲߒߡਇ⚐‛ࠍ⣕㔌ߐߖߚߩߜ‫ޔ‬᷹ቯࠍⴕߞߚ‫ޕ‬1 ጀ߅ࠃ߮ 2 ጀࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦߩ K ὐઃㄭߩ ARPES ᷹ቯߢߪ 1 ᧄ߅ࠃ߮ 2 ᧄߩ Sࡃࡦ࠼߇᷹ⷰߐࠇ‫⹜ޔ‬ᢱߩᐢ޿㗔ၞߦࠊߚࠅ‫ޔ‬ဋ৻ߥෘߐߩࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦ߇ᒻᚑߐࠇߡ޿ࠆߎߣ߇⏕⹺ߐࠇߚ‫ޕ‬1 ጀߩ႐วߦ
Dirac ὐߩ⚿วࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯ ED ߇ 0.4 eV ⒟ᐲߢ޽ࠆߎߣ‫✢⋥ޔ‬ಽᢔ߆ࠄߩߕࠇߦࠃࠅ‫߁ࠃࠆ޽߇ࡊ࠶ࡖࠡ࡯ࠡ࡞ࡀࠛޔ‬ߦ⷗߃ࠆߎߣ‫ ߚ߹ޔ‬STM ௝ߦ 6×6 ⿥᭴ㅧ߇ⷰኤߐࠇࠆߎߣߪ‫ ߩߢ߹ࠇߎޔ‬SiC ਄ࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦߢߩႎ๔଀ߣ৻⥌ߒߚ‫ޕ‬ᧄ⎇ⓥߢߪ௑ᢳ SiC ၮ᧼ࠍ↪޿ߡ޿ࠆߩߢ‫ࡊ࠶࠹ࠬޔ‬ኒᐲߦ⇣ᣇᕈ߇ሽ࿷ߔࠆߎߣ߿‫ޔ‬SiC ߣߩ⇇㕙ߩሽ࿷߇㔚ሶ⁁ᘒߦਈ߃ࠆᓇ㗀ߦ⥝๧߇߽ߚࠇࠆߣߎࠈߢ޽ࠆ‫࠻࠶ࡍ࡯ࠞޔࠅࠃߦࡦࠚࡈ࡜ࠣߪ┵ࡊ࠶࠹ࠬޕ‬਄ߦⷒࠊࠇߡ޿ࠆߎߣࠍ‫ޔ‬
STM ⷰኤߢ⏕⹺ߒߚ‫ߦࡊ࠶࠹ࠬޕ‬ᐔⴕᣇะߣု⋥ᣇะߢߩ K ὐઃㄭߩࡃࡦ࠼ಽᢔࠍ ARPES ᷹ቯߒߡᲧセߒߚߣߎࠈ‫ޔ‬․ߦࡈࠚ࡞ࡒ࡟ࡌ࡞߆ࠄ ED ߢߩㆇേ㊂ಽᏓ᏷߇‫⋥ုߦࡊ࠶࠹ࠬޔ‬ᣇะߢᐢ޿ߎߣ߇ࠊ߆ߞߚ‫┵ࡊ࠶࠹ࠬޔߪࠇߎޕ‬ઃㄭߢߩᢔੂߦࠃࠅ‫ޔ‬S㔚ሶߩᐔဋ⥄↱ⴕ⒟߇⍴ߊߥߞߚߎߣࠍ෻ᤋߒߡ޿ࠆߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆ‫*ߚ߹ޕ‬K ᣇะߩ ARPES ᷹ቯߢߪ‫ޔ‬Sࡃࡦ࠼ߩ࡟ࡊ࡝ࠞࡃࡦ࠼߇᷹ⷰߐࠇߚ‫ ߪࠇߎޕ‬6×6 ⿥᭴ㅧߩㅒᩰሶࡌࠢ࠻࡞ߦࠃࠆ K ὐ߆ࠄߩᢔੂߣߒߡ⺑᣿ߢ߈‫ޔ‬1 ጀߩࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦ߇⇇㕙ߩ 6×6 ⿥᭴ㅧߩࡐ࠹ࡦࠪࡖ࡞ࠍᗵߓߡ޿ࠆߎߣࠍ␜ߒߡ޿ࠆ‫৻ޕ‬ᣇ 2 ጀߩ⹜ᢱߢߪ࡟ࡊ࡝
ࠞ߇ߺࠄࠇߕ‫ޔ‬6×6 ࡐ࠹ࡦࠪࡖ࡞߇ᒙ޿ߎߣࠍ෻ᤋߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬!
!
ΈρέͿϋ͈ܴൽ฽ঽ଻!
⿧㊁ ᐙੱ㧔᧲Ꮏᄢ㒮ℂ㧕
ㅢᏱߩ㊄ዻߦ߅ߌࠆ゠㆏෻⏛ᕈߪ࡜ࡦ࠳࠙෻⏛ᕈߣߒߡ⍮ࠄࠇ‫ߩߘޔ‬Ꮺ⏛₸ߩᄢ߈ߐߪࡈࠚ࡞ࡒࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯਄ߩ⁁ᘒኒᐲߦᲧ଀ߔࠆ‫৻ޕ‬ᣇ‫ޔ‬ଔ㔚ሶᏪߣવዉᏪߩ㑆ߩࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯ࠡࡖ࠶ࡊ߇⁜޿‛⾰ߢߪ‫゠ߦ⥸৻ޔ‬㆏෻⏛ᕈ߇࡜ࡦ࠳࠙෻⏛ᕈߩ୯߆ࠄᄢ߈ߊߕࠇ‫ޔ‬ᒝ޿Ꮺ⏛₸ࠍ߽ߟߎߣ߇⍮ࠄࠇࠆ‫࠼ࡦࡃߩࡦࠚࡈ࡜ࠣޕ‬᭴ㅧߪଔ㔚ሶᏪߣવዉᏪ߇ធߔࠆⓥᭂߩ⁜ࠡࡖ࠶ࡊߩ♽ߢ޽ࠅ‫ߥ⇣․޿઻ߦࠇߎޔ‬Ꮺ⏛₸ࠍᜬߟ‫゠ߩࡦࠚࡈ࡜ࠣߪߢߎߎޕ‬㆏෻⏛ᕈߦ㑐ߔࠆᦨㄭߩ⎇ⓥߩ޿ߊߟ߆
ࠍ⚫੺ߔࠆ‫ޕ‬৻⥸ߩⓨ㑆ಽᏓࠍ߽ߞߚ⏛႐ߦኻߔࠆࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦߩ㔚ሶᔕ╵ࠍ⸘▚ߔࠆߎߣߢ‫ޔ‬છᗧߩᄖㇱ⏛᳇Ḯ ⏛⍹‫ޔ‬㔚ᵹ ߣࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦߩ㑆ߩ⋧੕૞↪ࠍ⍮ࠆߎߣ߇಴᧪ࠆ‫✢ޕ‬ᒻᔕ╵ߢߎࠇࠍ⸘▚ߔࠆߣ‫ޔ‬Ꮺ⏛₸ߪᵄᢙߩㅒᢙߦᲧ଀ߔࠆߎߣ߇␜ߐࠇ
ࠆ[1]‫ࡦࠚࡈ࡜ࠣޔࠅࠃߦࠇߎޕ‬਄ߩᔕ╵㔚ᵹ߇ᄖㇱ⏛႐ߣోߊ⋧ૃߥ⏛႐ಽᏓࠍ⺃⿠ߔࠆߣ޿߁৻⒳ߩ㏜௝ലᨐ߇ዉ߆
ࠇࠆ‫․ߪࠇߎޕ‬ቯߩ㐳ߐࠬࠤ࡯࡞ࠍᜬߚߥ޿✢ᒻࡃࡦ࠼․᦭ߩ⃻⽎ߢ޽ࠆ‫߇ࡦࠚࡈ࡜ࠣߚ߹ޕ‬Ⓧጀߒߚᄙጀࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦߦ
߅޿ߡߪ‫ޔ‬ጀ㑆ߩ⋧੕૞↪ߩߚ߼ߦࡃࡦ࠼᭴ㅧ߇නጀߣᲧセߒߡᄢ߈ߊᄌൻߔࠆ‫ߪߢߎߎޕ‬ᄙጀࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦߩ෻⏛ᕈᏪ⏛₸ࠍ⸘▚ߒߘߩጀᢙଐሽᕈࠍ⼏⺰ߒߚ[2]‫ޕ‬නጀࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦߩᏪ⏛₸ߪࡈࠚ࡞ࡒࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯ߩ㑐ᢙߣߒߡ࠺࡞࠲㑐ᢙߣߥࠆߩߦኻߒ‫ޔ‬2 ጀߢߪኻᢙဳߩࡇ࡯ࠢߦߥࠅ‫ޔ‬㔖ࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯ߢߩ․⇣ᕈߪዊߐߊߥࠆ‫ޕ‬2 ጀࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦߩᏪ⏛₸ߪ‫ޔ‬ᄙጀࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦߩࡃࡦ࠼᭴ㅧߪනጀ߹ߚߪ 2 ጀࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦߣ╬ଔߥㇱಽ♽ߦಽ⸃ߢ߈‫ޔ‬Ꮺ⏛₸ߪߘࠇߙࠇߩ๺ߢ⴫ߐࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬නጀဳߩㇱಽ♽ߪጀᢙ߇ᄸᢙߩ߽ߩߦߩߺሽ࿷ߒ‫ߡߞࠃߦࠇߎޔ‬ጀᢙ߇஧ᢙߩ߽ߩߣᲧセߒߡᄢ߈ߥ෻⏛ᕈࠍᜬߟߎߣ߇
␜ߐࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬[1] M. Koshino, Y. Arimura and T. Ando. Phys. Rev. Lett. 102, 177203 (2009).
[2] M. Koshino and T. Ando, Phys. Rev. B 76, 085425 (2007).

32

ΈρέͿϋ͈΍ͼ·υΠυϋ‫ͅྺވ‬చ̳ͥఉఘ࢘‫!ض‬
ᵻ㊁ ᑪ৻㧔㒋ᄢℂ㧕
㊂ሶ੗ᚭ╬ߩㅢᏱߩඨዉ૕ੑᰴర♽ߢߪ‫ ࠆࠁࠊ޿ޔ‬Kohn ߩቯℂߩߚ߼‫౒ࡦࡠ࠻ࡠࠢࠗࠨޔ‬㡆ߩࠬࡍࠢ࠻࡞ߦ㔚ሶ㑆⋧੕૞↪ߩലᨐ߇⃻ࠇߥ޿ߎߣ߇⍮ࠄࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ߩߡߴߔޕ‬㔚ሶ߇౒ㅢߩ⾰㊂ࠍᜬߜࡃࡦ࠼߇᡼‛ဳߢ޽ࠇ߫‫ޔ‬㊀ᔃㆇേ߇⋧੕૞↪ലᨐࠍฃߌߕ‫ޔ‬శቇᔕ╵ߪߘߩ㊀ᔃㆇേߩߺࠍ⺞ߴࠆߎߣߦߥࠆ߆ࠄߢ޽ࠆ‫ޔߪߢࡦࠚࡈ࡜ࠣޔ߇ࠈߎߣޕ‬K ὐ
K’ ὐߩ๟ࠅߢ㔚ሶ߇⾰㊂ߩߥ޿ Dirac 㔚ሶߣߒߡᝄࠆ⥰߁‫ߪࠇߎޕ‬㔚ሶ߇㕖᡼‛✢ᕈߩᦨ߽ᒝ޿ᭂ㒢⊛ߥ⁁ᴫߦ⟎߆ࠇߡ޿ࠆߎߣࠍ␜ߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ ߪ♽ߩߎޔ߼ߚߩߘޕ‬Kohn ߩቯℂ߇ㆡ↪ߢ߈ߥ޿♽ߦߥߞߡ߅ࠅ‫౒ࡦࡠ࠻ࡠࠢࠗࠨޔ‬㡆ߩࠬࡍࠢ࠻࡞ߦ⋧੕૞↪ലᨐ߇⃻ࠇ߁ࠆ‫ޕ‬ታ㓙‫ᦨޔ‬ㄭⴕࠊࠇߚታ㛎ߢߪ‫⋧ޔ‬੕૞↪ࠍήⷞߒߚࡕ࠺࡞ߢߪ⺑᣿ߢ߈ߥ޿ࠨࠗࠢ
ࡠ࠻ࡠࡦ౒㡆✢ߩࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯ࠪࡈ࠻߇ႎ๔ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ᚒ‫ޔߪޘ‬㔚ሶߩౝㇱ⥄↱ᐲ ࠬࡇࡦߣ⼱ߩ⥄↱ᐲ ࠍήⷞߒߚ
◲නൻߐࠇߚࡕ࠺࡞ࠍ૶޿‫ޔ‬෩ኒኻⷺൻߩᚻᴺࠍ↪޿ߡ‫ࠗࠨޔ‬ࠢࡠ࠻ࡠࡦ౒㡆ࠬࡍࠢ࠻࡞ߦ⃻ࠇࠆ㔚ሶ㑆⋧੕૞↪ߩലᨐߦߟ
޿ߡ⺞ߴߚ‫ࡒ࡞ࠚࡈޕ‬Ḱ૏ߪ N=0 ߩ࡜ࡦ࠳࠙Ḱ૏ߦ޽ࠆ߽ߩߣ
ߒ‫ޔ‬㔚ሶ߿ᱜሹࠍ࠼࡯ࡊߒߚ႐วߩ࠼࡯ࡊଐሽᕈ߽⺞ߴߚ‫ߘޕ‬ߩ⚿ᨐ‫ޔ‬N=0 ߆ࠄ 1 ߩ࡜ࡦ࠳࠙Ḱ૏㑆ㆫ⒖ߦኻᔕߔࠆࠬࡍࠢ࠻
࡞ߪ㕖Ᏹߦ⁜޿✢᏷ࠍᜬߞߡ޿ࠆߩߦኻߒߡ‫ޔ‬N=1 ߆ࠄ 2 ߳
ߩㆫ⒖ߦኻᔕߔࠆࠬࡍࠢ࠻࡞ߪ‫⋧ޔ‬੕૞↪ߦ⿠࿃ߔࠆᄢ߈ߥ᏷
ࠍᜬߟߎߣࠍ⷗಴ߒߚ‫ޕ‬ߎߩ⚿ᨐߪ‫ޔ‬N=0 ߆ࠄ 1 ߩㆫ⒖ߢߪ‫ޔ‬ㄭૃ⊛ߦ Kohn ߩቯℂ߇ᚑ┙ߒ‫⋧ޔ‬੕૞↪ലᨐߩᛂߜᶖߒว޿߇⿠ߎࠆߩߦኻߒ‫ޔ‬
N=1 ߆ࠄ 2 ߳ߩㆫ⒖ߢߪ‫ߥ߁ࠃߩߘޔ‬೙㒢߇ోߊߥߊ‫ޔ‬N=0ߩ࡜ࡦ࠳࠙Ḱ૏ࠍㇱಽ⊛ߦභ᦭ߒߡ޿ࠆ㔚ሶ߇‫ࠆ޽ޔ‬⒳ߩᢔੂ
૕ߣߒߡ௛޿ߡ✢᏷߇ߟߊ߆ࠄߢ޽ࠆߣ⸃㉼ߢ߈ࠆ‫ޕ‬ߎߩ⎇ⓥߪ‫ޔ‬቟⮮ᕡ਽᳁㧔᧲Ꮏᄢ㧕ߣߩ౒ห⎇ⓥߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬[1] M. L. Sadowski et al.: Phys. Rev. Lett. 97, 266405 (2006).
[2] Z. Jiang et al.: Phys. Rev. Lett. 98, 197403 (2007).
[3] R. S. Deacon et al.: Phys. Rev. B76, 081406 (2007).

ΈρέͿϋ‫͍ݞ‬ΈρέͿϋ΢Φςδϋ͈ഩ‫ܨ‬ഥ൵̤̫ͥͅ߄௺ഩޭ͈͂୪ࣣ͈‫!ޣג‬⋧㚍 ⡡ᢥ㧔␹ᚭᄢቇᄢቇ㒮Ꮏቇ⎇ⓥ⑼ 㔚᳇㔚ሶᎿቇኾ᡹㧕ㄭᐕࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦࠍ૶ߞߚᣂߒ޿ࠛ࡟ࠢ࠻ࡠ࠾ࠢࠬߩน⢻ᕈߦᵈ⋡߇㓸߹ߞߡ߅ࠅ‫ޔ‬ਛߢ߽ࠪ࡝ࠦࡦߦઍࠊࠆ࠻࡜ࡦࠫࠬ
࠲ߩ࠴ࡖࡀ࡞᧚ᢱߣߒߡࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦࠍ೑↪ߒࠃ߁ߣ޿߁ⷰὐ߇৻ߟߩ㊀ⷐߥ࠹࡯ࡑߣߥߞߡ޿ࠆ‫ࠍࡦࠚࡈ࡜ࠣߢߎߎޕ‬࠴ࡖࡀ࡞᧚ᢱߣߔࠆ႐ว‫ ࡦࠦ࡝ࠪޔ‬MOSFET ߥߤߣߪ⇣ߥࠅ‫ޔ‬㔚ሶߩᵈ౉‫ޔ‬ᒁ߈಴ߒࠍⴕ߁ὑߩ࠰࡯ࠬ㧛࠼࡟ࠗࡦ㊄ዻ㔚ᭂࠍࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦ࠴ࡖࡀ࡞ߦ⋥ធ⫳⌕ߐߖࠆᔅⷐ߇޽ࠆ‫ߥ߁ࠃߩߘߢߎߎޕ‬㊄ዻ㔚ᭂߩሽ࿷ߪࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦߩ㔚ሶ⁁ᘒ‫ޔ‬ᒁ޿ߡߪ࠺ࡃࠗࠬ․ᕈߦᄢ߈ߥᓇ㗀ࠍਈ߃ࠆ੐߇␜ໂߐࠇߡ߅ࠅ‫ޔ‬ᓥߞߡ‫࡞ࡀࡖ࠴ޔ‬ㇱಽߛߌߢߥߊ‫ޔ‬㔚ᭂ߹ߢ฽߻ో૕ࠍ
৻ߟߩ♽ߣߒߡ⚛ሶࠍᝒ߃‫ޔ‬ℂ⸃ߔࠆ੐߇㊀ⷐߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬33ᚒ‫ࠬࠗࡃ࠺ߪޘ‬ℂ⺰‫⎇ࡦ࡚ࠪ࡯࡟ࡘࡒࠪޔ‬ⓥߩ┙႐߆ࠄ‫ޔ‬㔚ᭂߩሽ࿷߇ࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦߩ㔚᳇વዉߦਈ߃ࠆᓇ㗀ࠍኒᐲ᳢㑐ᢙ࠲ࠗ࠻ࡃࠗࡦ࠺ࠖࡦࠣᴺࠍ↪޿ߡ⺞ߴߡ޿ࠆ‫ߊߴࠆߥޕ‬න⚐ߥ㔚ᭂ᭴ㅧߩࡕ࠺࡞ߢ᳢↪⊛ߥ⼏⺰ࠍⴕ߁ὑ‫ޔ‬㊄ዻ㔚ᭂߪන⚐┙ᣇᩰሶߩ⚿᥏ߢ޽ࠅ‫ޔ‬ฦේሶߪ s ゠㆏ߩ㔚ሶࠍឭଏߔࠆߣߔࠆ‫ߥ߁ࠃߩߘޕ‬㊄ዻߣࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦߣ߇ធߔࠆ〒㔌ߦଐሽߒߡ‫ߩࡦࠚࡈ࡜ࠣޔ‬ర‫ޘ‬ᜬߞߡ޿ߚ࠺ࠖ࡜࠶ࠢࠦ࡯ࡦ⊛ߥಽᢔ㑐ଥ߇ߤߩ⒟ᐲ଻ߚࠇࠆ߆‫ޔ‬෶‫ߩࠇߙࠇߘޔ‬㊄ዻ-ࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦ㑆〒㔌ߩ႐วߦ㊄ዻ߆ࠄࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦ߳ߩ㔚ሶߩᵈ౉߇ߤߩ⒟ᐲ⿠ߎࠆ߆ߦߟ޿ߡ⸘▚ߒߚ‫⚿ߩߘޕ‬ᨐ‫ޔ‬㊄ዻߣࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦߩ゠㆏ߩᷙᚑ߇ዋߥ޿႐วߦߪធ⸅㕙ⓍࠍჇ߿ߒߡ߽㔚ሶߩᵈ౉ߪჇ߃ߕ‫ޔ‬චಽߥ㔚ᵹ߇ᵹࠇࠆߚ߼ߦߪ‫ޔ‬ਔ⠪ߩ㑆ߢߩ゠㆏ߩᷙᚑ߇ᒝߊ⿠ߎߞߡ޿ࠆᔅⷐ߇޽ࠆ੐‫ߩߘޔ‬㓙ࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦ‫ޔ‬㊄ዻߩធ⸅ߔࠆ㕙Ⓧߦߪ޽߹ࠅଐሽߒߥ޿੐ߥ
ߤࠍᜰ៰ߒߚ‫ޕ‬෶‫ߡߒ੺ࠍ࡞ࡀࡖ࠴ࡦࠚࡈ࡜ࠣޔ‬Ꮐฝߩ㊄ዻ㔚ᭂ㑆ߢᵹࠇࠆ㔚ᵹߩࠥ࡯࠻㔚࿶ଐሽᕈ߽⸘▚ߒ‫ޔ‬㊄ዻߣࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦߩធว〒㔌ߦᔕߓߡ‫⚛ޔ‬ሶ․ᕈ߇ᄢ߈ߊ⇣ߥࠆ੐ࠍᜰ៰‫ޔ‬ႎ๔ߒߚ‫ޕ‬ΈρέͿϋ಼̤̫ͥͅഥ൵߃୪࢘‫͈ض‬ၑა!
ᨋ ᱜᒾ㧔⑺↰ᄢᢎ⢒ᢥൻ㧕⿥વዉ૕ߣᱜᏱ㊄ዻߣߩធวࠍ૞ࠆߣ‫ޔ‬ᱜᏱ㊄ዻਛߦࠢ࡯ࡄ࡯ኻ߇ߒߺㄟߺ‫ޔ‬ㄭធലᨐ߇↢ߓࠆߎߣ߇⍮ࠄࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ߎߩߣ߈‫ޔ‬ᱜᏱ㊄ዻߣߒߡࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦࠍ↪޿ߚ႐วߦߤߩࠃ߁ߥㄭធലᨐ߇⿠߈ࠆߩ߆ߪ‫⥝ޔ‬๧ߩᜬߚࠇࠆߣߎࠈߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ࠊࠇࠊࠇߪ‫ޔ‬නጀ߹ߚߪ 2 ጀࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦࠍ੺ߒߡធวߐࠇߚ 2 ߟߩ⿥વዉ૕㑆ߦᵹࠇࠆ⿥વዉ㔚ᵹߩ⥃⇇୯ߦ㑐ߒߡ‫ޔ‬
tight binding ㄭૃ߅ࠃ߮ tunnel Hamiltonian ࠍ↪޿ߚ⸃ᨆࠍⴕߞߚ‫⚿ߩߘޕ‬ᨐ‫ޔ‬නጀߣ 2 ጀߢߪ⥃⇇㔚ᵹߩ‫ޔ‬᷷ᐲ߅ࠃ߮ធว㑆〒㔌ଐሽᕈ߇ቯᕈ⊛ߦ⇣ߥࠆߎߣ߇ಽ߆ߞߚ‫ޕ‬නጀ♽ߦ߅޿ߡߪ‫⇇⥃ޔ‬㔚ᵹߪធว㑆〒㔌ߦ㑐ߒߡᜰᢙ㑐ᢙ⊛ߦᷫዋߒ‫․ߩߘޔ‬ᓽ⊛ߥ㐳ߐ ࠦࡅ࡯࡟ࡦࠬ㐳 ߪ‫ޔ‬᷷ᐲߦ෻Ყ଀ߔࠆߣ޿߁ clean ߥᱜᏱ㊄ዻߩ႐วߣห᭽ߩ⚿ᨐ߇ᓧࠄࠇߚ‫ޔߒ߆ߒޕ‬2 ጀ♽ߦ߅޿ߡߪ⥃⇇㔚ᵹߪ᷷ᐲߦ㑐ߒߡන⺞ߦᄌൻߖߕ‫ޔ‬ᝄേ⊛ߥᝄࠆ⥰޿߇⃻ࠇࠆߎߣ߇ಽ߆ߞߚ‫ޕ‬ߎߩࠃ߁ߥᝄࠆ⥰޿ߪ‫ޔ‬2 ጀࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦߩ࠯ࡠ࡮ࠡࡖࡊඨዉ૕⊛ߥࡃࡦ࠼᭴ㅧߦ⿠࿃ߔࠆ߽ߩߢ‫੹ޔ‬ᓟߘߩ⹦⚦ߥ⿠Ḯߦߟ޿ߡᬌ⸛ߔࠆ੍ቯߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ΈρέͿϋ಼͈ഥ൵߃୪࢘‫!ض‬!
␹↰ ᥏↳㧔╳ᵄᄢቇᄢቇ㒮ᢙℂ‛⾰⑼ቇ⎇ⓥ⑼㧕
ᓥ᧪‫⿥ޔ‬વዉ⃻⽎ߦ߅ߌࠆ⋧ኻ⺰⊛⵬ᱜߪ߈ࠊ߼ߡዊߐߊ‫⿥ޔ‬વዉߣ⋧ኻ⺰ߪ߹ߞߚߊ㑐ଥߩߥ޿߽ߩߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇߡ߈
ߚ‫ޔߒ߆ߒޕ‬නጀࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦߢߪ 2 ߟߩ⃻⽎߇Ⲣวߔࠆน⢻ᕈ߇޽ࠆ‫⥄ࡦࠚࡈ࡜ࠣޕ‬૕ࠍ⿥વዉߦߒߚߣ޿߁ႎ๔ߪ߹
ߛߥ޿߇‫⿥ޔ‬વዉㄭធലᨐࠍ૶߃߫‫࡯ࡄ࡯ࠢޔ‬ኻࠍනጀࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦਛߦᵈ౉ߔࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈ࠆ‫ߩߎޕ‬႐ว‫⋧ޔ‬ኻ⺰⊛࡚ࠫ࠮ࡈ࠰ࡦലᨐ߇⿠ߎࠅ‫ࡈࠛ࡯࡟࠼ࡦࠕޔ‬෻኿߇㏜㕙෻኿ߦߥࠆߣ੍᷹ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ޔߚ߹ޕ‬ᄙጀࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦߩ႐วߦߪ‫⋧ޔ‬ኻ⺰⊛ലᨐߪᦼᓙߢ߈ߥ޿߽ߩߩ‫࠻࡯ࠥޔ‬㔚⇇ലᨐߦࠃࠆࠠࡖ࡝ࠕኒᐲߩ ╓ภ߹ߢ฽ࠎߛ ᄢ᏷ߥᄌ⺞ߦࠃߞߡ‫ޔ‬ᓥ᧪ߩ⿥વዉㄭធലᨐߩℂ⸃ࠍᬌ⸽ߔࠆߎߣ߇น⢻ߣߥࠆ‫ޕ‬ᚒ‫ޔߡߒߣ⊛⋡ࠍߣߎߥ߁ࠃߩߎޔߪޘ‬නጀ࡮ᄙጀࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦߦࠕ
࡞ࡒ࠾࠙ࡓߩ⿥વዉ㔚ᭂࠍធ⛯ߒߚ᭴ㅧࠍ૞⵾ߒ‫ޔ‬ㄭធലᨐ⿥વዉ㔚ᵹࠍ⹦⚦ߦ⺞ߴߚ‫ޕ‬නጀࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦߢߪ‫⿥ޔ‬વዉ㔚ᵹߣߘߩࠥ࡯࠻ᄌ⺞ࠍ᷹ⷰߒߚ߽ߩߩ‫ߩߘޔ‬᷷ᐲଐሽᕈ߇ "short and dirty" ធวߩℂ⺰ߣࠃߊว߁ߎߣ߆ࠄ‫⋧ޔ‬ኻ⺰⊛ലᨐ߇ᦼᓙߐࠇࠆࡃ࡝ࠬ࠹ࠖ࠶ࠢធว߇ታ⃻ߢ߈ߡ޿ߥ޿ߣ⚿⺰ߐࠇߚ‫ޔߚ߹ޕ‬ᄙጀࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦធวߢߪ‫⿥ޔ‬વዉ㔚ᵹߩ᷷ᐲଐሽᕈߪᓥ᧪ߩㄭធലᨐℂ⺰ߢߪ⺑᣿ߢ߈ߥ޿ᝄࠆ⥰޿ࠍ␜ߒߚ‫ߩߎޕ‬ᝄࠆ⥰޿ߪ‫࠻࡯ࠥޔ‬㔚⇇ߩㆤ⭁ലᨐߦ⿠࿃ߔ
ࠆน⢻ᕈ߇޽ࠆߎߣࠍᜰ៰ߒߚ‫ޔߦࠄߐޕ‬නጀᄙጀߩਔᣇߢ‫⿥ޔ‬વዉ㔚ᵹ߇ᵹࠇᆎ߼ࠆ᷷ᐲ߇ࠥ࡯࠻㔚࿶ߦଐሽߔࠆߎߣ
ࠍ଀ᄖߥߊ᷹ⷰߒߚ߇‫ޔߪࠇߎޔ‬ᓥ᧪ߩታ㛎ߢߪ߹ߞߚߊ⷗ࠄࠇߥ߆ߞߚ⃻⽎ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬34ΈρέͿϋ୪ࣣ̤̫ͥͅΑάϋγȜσၠ!
ጊᓇ ⋧‫ޔ‬੗᧛ ஜ৻㇢‫ޔ‬Jerome Cayssol‫⟵ ᧄୖޔ‬ᄦ㧔᧲ർᄢ㒮ℂ㧕 ࠬࡇࡦ゠㆏⋧੕૞↪ SOI ࠍ⠨ᘦߦ౉ࠇߚࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦߪ㊂ሶࠬࡇࡦࡎ࡯࡞ലᨐࠍ␜ߔߎߣ߇␜ໂߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ[1]‫ޕ‬ᚒ‫ޘ‬ߪࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦធวߦ߅޿ߡ㔚⩄[2]ߣࠬࡇࡦߩャㅍߦ߅ߌࠆ SOI ߩലᨐࠍ⺞ߴߚ‫ ߩࡦࡇࠬߪࡦࠚࡈ࡜ࠣޕ‬z ᚑಽࠍ଻ሽߔ
ࠆࠃ߁ߥ SOI એ㒠ߢߪౝ࿃⊛ߣ๭߱ ߣ‫⚿ޔ‬᥏ߩ෻ォ㕖ኻ⒓ᕈߦ↱᧪ߔࠆ Rashba SOI ࠍ߽ߟ‫ޕ‬ᓟ⠪ߪࠬࡇࡦߩ z ᚑಽࠍ଻ሽߒߥ޿‫ޔࠅ߹ߟޕ‬ౝ࿃⊛ SOI ߣ Rashba SOI ߪ┹วߔࠆ‫ޕ‬ ࠥ࡯࠻߆ࠄߩࡐ࠹ࡦࠪࡖ࡞ߦࠃࠅ‫ޔ‬ធว㕙ߦዪ࿷ߒߚࠬࡇࡦߩ z ᚑಽ Sz ࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦ㕙ࠍ xy 㕙ߣߔࠆ ߩࡎ࡯࡞ᵹ߇⺃⿠ߐࠇࠆ‫᦭ޕ‬㒢♽ߢߩ㊂ሶࠬࡇࡦࡎ࡯࡞♽ߪࡋ࡝ࠞ࡞┵⁁ᘒߣ๭߫ࠇࠆ┵ߦዪ࿷ߒߚࠬࡇࡦᵹࠍㆇ߱⁁ᘒࠍ߽ߟ‫ߣࠇߎޕ‬ធว㕙ߦዪ࿷ߒߚࠬࡇࡦࡎ࡯࡞ᵹߩ㑐ଥࠍㅀߴߡ߅ߊ‫⁁┵࡞ࠞ࡝ࡋޕ‬ᘒߪ⹜ᢱߩ┵ߦ᧤❈ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ⁁ᘒߢ޽ࠆ‫৻ޕ‬ᣇ‫ޔ‬ធวߦ߅޿ߡߪ࠺ࠖ࡜࠶ࠢ㔚ሶߪࠥ࡯࠻߆ࠄ㕒㔚ࡐ࠹ࡦࠪࡖ࡞ࠍฃߌࠆߛߌߢ޽ࠅ‫ޔ‬㐽ߓㄟ߼ࠆߎߣߪਇน⢻ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ᓥߞߡធว㕙ߦዪ࿷ߒߚࠬࡇࡦࡎ࡯࡞ᵹߪሽ࿷ߔࠆ߽ߩߩ‫ޔ‬ᵄേ㑐ᢙߪធว㕙ߦ᧤❈ߪߐࠇߡ߅ࠄߕ‫⁁┵࡞ࠞ࡝ࡋޔ‬ᘒߣߪ⇣ߥࠆ‫ޕ‬ ធวߦ߅ߌࠆࠬࡇࡦࡎ࡯࡞ᵹߪࠥ࡯࠻㔚࿶ߦࠃࠅߘߩᄢ߈ߐࠍะ߈߹ߢ฽߼ߡ೙ᓮߔࠆߎߣ߇น⢻ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޔߚ߹ޕ‬ౝ࿃⊛ SOI ߣ Rashba SOI ߩ┹วലᨐ߽⷗಴ߐࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬චಽᄢ߈޿ࡐ࠹ࡦࠪࡖ࡞ߦࠃߞߡ૞ࠄࠇߚ pn ធวߦ߅޿ߡߪ Rashba
SOI ߇ఝ൓ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޔࠅ߹ߟޕ‬Rashba SOI ࠍᄢ߈ߊߒߡ޿ߊߣࠬࡇࡦᵹߪᄢ߈ߊߥࠆ௑ะ߇޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬nn ធวߦ߅޿ߡߪߎ
ࠇߣㅒߩ௑ะ߇⷗ࠄࠇࠆ‫ࡦࠚࡈ࡜ࠣޕ‬ធวߦ߅ߌࠆࠬࡇࡦࡎ࡯࡞ᵹߪߎߩࠃ߁ߥᄙᓀߥᝄࠆ⥰޿ࠍ߽ߟ‫ޕ‬ ࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦߦ߅ߌࠆ SOI ߪዊߐ޿ߩߢ‫ߣࡦࠚࡈ࡜ࠣޔ‬หߓ᭴ㅧࠍ߽ߜ‫ߟ߆ޔ‬ᄢ߈ߥ SOI ࠍ᦭ߔࠆ♽ߢ޽ࠆ HgTe ㊂ሶ
੗ᚭߦ߅޿ߡធวߦዪ࿷ߒߚ Sz ࡎ࡯࡞ᵹࠍታ㛎⊛ߦ᷹ⷰߢ߈ࠆߣᦼᓙߐࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬[1] C. L. Kane and E. J. Mele, Phys. Rev. Lett. 95, 146802 (2005).
[2] A. Yamakage, K.-I. Imura, J. Cayssol and Y. Kuramoto, Eur. Phys. Lett. 87, 47005 (2009).

ΈρέͿϋ΢Φࢹ௮͈ैୋ͂࿶௣࡛ય!
↸↰ ෹᮸㧔᧲੩ᄢቇ↢↥ᛛⴚ⎇ⓥᚲ㧕ࠣ࡜ࡈࠔࠗ࠻ߩනጀ⤑ߢ޽ࠆࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦߪ⋧ኻ⺰⊛☸ሶߢ޽ࠆ࠺ࠖ࡜࠶ࠢࡈࠚ࡞ࡒࠝࡦ߇વዉࠍᜂߞߡ߅ࠅ․⇣ߥ‛ᕈࠍ␜ߔ‫ޕ‬എ㐿ᴺࠍ↪޿ߡࠪ࡝ࠦࡦၮ᧼਄ߦ⾍ࠅઃߌߚනጀࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦࠍᓸ⚦ടᎿߔࠆߎߣߦࠃࠅ‫ࡁ࠽ࡦࠚࡈ࡜ࠣޔ‬᭴ㅧࠍ૞⵾ߒ‫ߩߘޔ‬㊂ሶャㅍ⃻⽎ࠍ᷹ⷰߒߚ‫ޕ‬㔚ሶ✢࡝࠰ࠣ࡜ࡈࠖ࡯ᴺߣࡊ࡜࠭ࡑࠛ࠶࠴ࡦࠣߩ⚵ߺวࠊߖߦࠃࠅ‫࡯ࡃ࡞࡯ࡎޔ‬⚛ሶ‫ޔ‬න৻㊂ሶ࠼࠶࠻‫ޔ‬ੑ㊀㊂ሶ࠼࠶࠻ࠍ૞⵾ߒߚ‫ޕ‬න৻㊂ሶ࠼࠶࠻ߦ߅޿ߡૐ᷷ߢࠦࡦ࠳ࠢ࠲ࡦࠬߩࠥ࡯࠻㔚࿶࡮࠰࡯ࠬ࠼࡟ࠗࡦ㔚࿶ଐሽᕈࠍ᷹ቯߒߚߣߎࠈ‫ⷰ߇࠼ࡦࡕࠕࠗ࠳ࡦࡠ࡯ࠢߣ࠼࡯ࠤ࠶ࡠࡉࡦࡠ࡯ࠢޔ‬᷹ߐࠇ‫ࡦࠚࡈ࡜ࠣޔ‬න৻㔚ሶ࠻࡜ࡦࠫࠬ࠲ߣߒߡേ૞ߔࠆߎߣ߇⏕⹺ߐࠇߚ‫ߦࠄߐޕ‬ੑ㊀㊂ሶ࠼࠶࠻ߦ߅޿ߡੑߟߩ࠼࠶࠻㑆ߩ⚿วࠍ೙ᓮߒ‫ࡦࠦޔ‬࠳ࠢ࠲ࡦࠬߩࠥ࡯࠻㔚࿶ଐሽᕈࠍ᷹ቯߒߚ‫⚿ߩߘޕ‬ᨐᓧࠄࠇߚ Coulomb Stability Diagram ߇࠼࠶࠻㑆ߩ⚿วߩᒝߐߦ
ࠃߞߡᄌൻߔࠆ᭽ሶ߇᷹ⷰߐࠇߚ‫৻ޕ‬ᣇ‫ޔ‬ේሶ㑆ജ㗼ᓸ㏜ߦࠃࠆዪᚲ㓁ᭂ㉄ൻᴺࠍ↪޿ߡࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦ࠽ࡁ࡝ࡏࡦ᭴ㅧࠍ૞
⵾ߒߚ‫ޕ‬ૐ᷷ߦ߅ߌࠆવዉᐲߩᛥ೙࡮㕖✢ᒻᕈ߇᷹ⷰߐࠇ‫ޔ‬વዉࠡࡖ࠶ࡊ߇ᒻᚑߐࠇߡ޿ࠆߎߣࠍ␜ໂߔࠆ⚿ᨐࠍᓧߚ‫ޕ‬35ˎ௄ΈρέͿϋ͈ഩ‫ܨ‬ഥ൵!
Ⴆ⿧ ৻ੳ ABCE‫ޔ‬ችፒ ਭ↢ AE‫ޔ‬S.LiA‫ ↰␹ޔ‬᥏↳ DE㧔‛᧚ᯏ᭴ A‫ ⎇✚↥ޔ‬B‫ޔ‬ℂ⎇ C‫╳ޔ‬ᵄᄢᢙℂ‛⾰ D, CRESTE㧕⭯⤑ࠣ࡜ࡈࠔࠗ࠻ࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦߪᧄ⾰⊛ߦࡃࡦ࠼ࠡࡖ࠶ࡊ߇ߥ޿‫⃻ޕ‬࿷ᵈ⋡ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆࠬࠗ࠶࠴ࡦࠣ࠻࡜ࡦࠫࠬ࠲ߣߒ
ߡߩᔕ↪ዷ㐿ߦߪᦨ㊀ⷐߩ໧㗴ߢ޽ࠅ‫‛ޔ‬ᕈࠍၮ␆߆ࠄᬌ⸛ߔࠆᔅⷐ߇޽ࠆ‫࡜ࠣ࠻ࠗࠔࡈ࡜ࠣ⤑⭯ޔߡ޿ߟߦࠇߎޕ‬ࡈࠚࡦߩࠥ࡯࠻ലᨐࠍ⺞ߴߚ‫࠻࡯ࠥޕ‬㔚࿶ශടߦኻߔࠆࠣ࡜ࡈࠔࠗ࠻࠴ࡖࡀ࡞ߩ㔚⇇ࠬࠢ࡝࡯࠾ࡦࠣ㐳ࠍᓧࠆߎߣߦᚑഞ
ߒ‫ޔ‬1.5V/nm ߩᒝ㔚⇇ࠍ 2 ጀࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦߦශടߒࡃࡦ࠼ࠡࡖ࠶ࡊߩዉ౉ࠍ⹜ߺߚ‫ޕ‬⭯⤑ࠣ࡜ࡈࠔࠗ࠻࠴ࡖࡀ࡞ࠍ SiO2㜞࠼࡯ࡊ Si ၮ᧼਄ࡈࠔࠗ࠻਄ߦ⋥ធᒻᚑߔࠆߦ߽㑐ࠊࠄߕ‫࠻ࠗࠔࡈ࡜ࠣޔ‬Top gate (Al)sourceBack gate(doped-Si)࠴ࡖࡀ࡞ߣߪචಽߥ⛘✼⁁ᘒߣߥࠆ‫ޔ߼ߚߩߎޕ‬Al 㔚ᭂ࿑  Al ࠻࠶ࡊࠥ࡯࠻ઃ߈ࠣ࡜ࡈࠔࠗ࠻㔚⇇ലᨐ࠻࡜ࡦࠫࠬ࠲‫ޕ‬

ߦ೸㔌ᴺߢઃ⌕ߐߖ‫ޔ‬Ti 㔚ᭂߥࠄ߮ߦ Al 㔚ᭂࠍ㔚ሶࡆ࡯ࡓ㔺శߣ㊄ዻ࡝ࡈ࠻ࠝࡈᴺߢᒻᚑߒߚ‫ޕ‬Al 㔚ᭂߪࠣ࡜

Thin graphite film
Drain
Back gateinsulator (SiO2)ߣ࠼࡯ࡊ Si ၮ᧼ߪߘࠇߙࠇ⭯⤑ࠣ࡜ࡈࠔࠗ࠻ߦኻߒߡߩ
࠻࠶ࡊ޽ࠆ޿ߪࡏ࠻ࡓࠥ࡯࠻㔚ᭂߣߥࠆ ࿑ 1 ‫࠻࡯ࠥࡊ࠶࠻ޕ‬㔚࿶ࠍ⿛ශߔࠆߣ‫ߩ࠻ࠗࠔࡈ࡜ࠣ⤑⭯ޔ‬ᛶ᛫ߪࡎ࡯࡞વዉ
㔚ሶવዉ㑆ߩಾࠅᦧ߃ߦ઻߁ࠕࡦࡆࡐ࡯࡜․ᕈࠍ␜ߒᛶ᛫ߦࡇ࡯ࠢ߇↢ߓࠆ‫ ߦࠄߐޕ‬Si ၮ᧼ࠥ࡯࠻ߩ㔚࿶ࠍᄌ߃ࠆߣ⭯⤑ࠣ࡜ࡈࠔࠗ࠻࠴ࡖࡀ࡞ߩ㔚ሶ⁁ᘒ߇ᄌࠊࠅ‫ޔ‬ᛶ᛫ࡇ࡯ࠢ߇ࠪࡈ࠻ߔࠆ‫ߩ࠻ࡈࠪߩߎޕ‬ᄢ߈ߐ߆ࠄ‫ޔ‬㔚૏ߩଚ౉㐳ࠍዉ߈಴ߔ
ߎߣࠍឭ᩺ߒߚ‫ ߘࠃ߅߅ޕ‬1.2nm ߩ㔚૏ଚ౉㐳ࠍዉ಴ߒ‫⤑࠻ࠗࠔࡈ࡜ࠣޔ‬ᢙᨎߢචಽߦ㔚⇇ࠍㆤ⭁ߔࠆߎߣ߇ࠊ߆ߞߚ‫ޕ‬ߐࠄߦ‫ޔ‬2 ጀࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦࠍ↪޿ߡ㔚⇇ലᨐ࠻࡜ࡦࠫࠬ࠲ࠍ૞⵾ߒߘߩၮ␆⹏ଔߣવዉᯏ᭴ߩ⸃᣿ࠍ⹜ߺߚ‫࠻࡯ࠥࠢ࠶ࡃޕ‬ߣ࠻࠶ࡊࠥ࡯࠻ߦශടߔࠆ㔚࿶ࠍ⺞ᢛߒߡᄢ߈ߥ㔚⇇ࠍශടߔࠆߣ‫ࠢ࡯ࡇޔ‬ᛶ᛫ߩჇᄢ߇ౣ⃻ᕈࠃߊ᷹ⷰߐࠇߚ‫ޔߪࠇߎޕ‬ࠥ࡯࠻ߦࠃࠆࠠࡖ࡝ࠕỚᐲߩᄌൻߢߪ⺑᣿߇ߟ߆ߥ޿⃻⽎ߢ޽ࠅ‫ޔ‬㔚⇇೙ᓮࡃࡦ࠼ࠡࡖ࠶ࡊߣߒߡ⺑᣿ߢ߈ࠆ‫⸃ߩߎޕ‬᣿ߩߚ߼ߦ‫ޔ‬᷷ᐲᄌൻࠍ⸘᷹ߒ‫ޔ‬㔚⇇ 1.5V/nm ߦ߅޿ߡ⚂ 0.15eV ⒟ᐲߩࡃࡦ࠼ࠡࡖ࠶ࡊ߇ሽ࿷ߒߡ޿ࠆߎߣࠍ⷗಴ߒߚ‫ޕ‬Έρέ͹ͼΠ̤͍͢ΈρέͿϋ͈ঽ‫ܨ‬࿶௣͂ Dirac ഩঊ!
㐳↰ ବੱ‫ ᧛੹ޔ‬ᄢ᮸‫⩲ޔ‬ේṑ ᥍‫ޔ‬ਛේ ᄢ੺‫ޔ‬ౝ↰ ๺ੱ‫ޔ‬㡨ᳰ ⾆ሶ㧔᧲ᄢ‛ᕈ⎇㧕 ጀ⁁᦭ᯏዉ૕ D-(BEDT-TTF)2I3 ߦ߅޿ߡߪ 2 ᰴర Dirac 㔚ሶ♽ߩⓍጀ♽ߩ․ᓽߢ޽ࠆ⽶ߩጀ㑆⏛᳇ᛶ᛫߇᷹ⷰߐࠇ
ࠆ‫ߩࡦࠚࡈ࡜ࠣޕ‬ᄙጀ♽ߢ޽ࠆࠣ࡜ࡈࠔࠗ࠻ߦ߅޿ߡ߽‫⹜ޔ‬ᢱ┵ߢጀ㑆߇⍴⛊ߒᏂᄢߥ㕙ౝ⏛᳇ᛶ᛫߇ᷙ౉ߒߥ޿ࠃ߁ಣ
ℂߒߚ⹜ᢱࠍ↪޿ߚታ㛎ߦࠃࠅ‫ޔ‬ห᭽ߩ⽶ߩጀ㑆⏛᳇ᛶ᛫߇⃻ࠇࠆߎߣࠍ⷗಴ߒߚ‫⽶ߒ߆ߒޕ‬ᕈ⏛᳇ᛶ᛫߇ Shubnikovde Haas SdH ᝄേ߇⷗߃ࠆ㊂ሶᭂ㒢એਅߩ⏛႐ߢ߽⃻ࠇࠆὐߪ৻⷗᦭ᯏዉ૕ߣ⇣ߥࠆ‫ߩ࠻ࠗࠔࡈ࡜ࠣޕ‬ጀ㑆⚿วߪ
40meV ߣ㕖Ᏹߦᄢ߈ߊ 3 ᰴర♽ߩඨ㊄ዻߣߒߡᛒ߁ᔅⷐ߇޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬3 ᰴరᵄᢙⓨ㑆ߦ߅޿ߡ‫ޔ‬K ὐㄭறߩ㔚ሶࡃࡦ࠼ߪ᡼
‛✢⊛ಽᢔࠍᜬߟ߇‫ޔ‬H ὐㄭறߩᱜሹࡃࡦ࠼ߪ 3 ᰴర⊛ߦ߽ Dirac ☸ሶ⊛ߥ✢ᒻಽᢔࠍᜬߟὐ߇㊀ⷐߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ᱜሹߪ
Dirac ᕈߩߚ߼ߦ㔚ሶ߇ SdH ᝄേࠍ␜ߔૐ޿⏛႐߆ࠄ㊂ሶᭂ㒢⁁ᘒߦ౉ࠆߚ߼‫ޔ‬ታ㛎ߢߪ Dirac ᱜሹߩ⽶ᕈ⏛᳇ᛶ᛫ߦ㔚ሶߩ SdH ᝄേ߇㊀⇥ߒߚ⏛᳇ᛶ᛫߇᷹ⷰߐࠇߚߣ⸃㉼ߢ߈ࠆ‫ޕ‬ ࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦ 10 ጀ⒟ᐲ߆ࠄߥࠆ⿥⭯⤑ࠣ࡜ࡈࠔࠗ࠻ࠍ FET ⚛ሶߦടᎿߒࠥ࡯࠻․ᕈߩ⏛႐ଐሽᕈࠍ⺞ߴߚߣߎࠈ‫ޔ‬
FET ⚛ሶߩᛶ᛫߇ᭂᄢߦߥࠆࠥ࡯࠻㔚࿶ 㔚⩄ਛᕈὐ ߇⏛႐ߩჇടߦ઻޿߶߷࠯ࡠ߆ࠄ 10V એ਄ᄌൻߔࠆߎߣࠍ᷹ⷰߒ
ߚ‫ޕ‬ጀ㑆વዉ߇⏛႐ਛߢჇᄢߔࠆ⽶ᕈ⏛᳇ᛶ᛫ߣห᭽‫⏛ޔ‬႐ਛߢߪጀ㑆ಽᭂᔕ╵߇ᄢ߈ߊߥࠅࠥ࡯࠻㔚႐߇ଚ౉ߢ߈ࠆጀ
㑆ㆤ⭁㐳߇ዊߐߊߥߞߚߣ⠨߃ࠆߣ‫⇇߇ࠕ࡝ࡖࠠޔ‬㕙ߦ᛼ߒઃߌࠄࠇߚ⚿ᨐߣߒߡ㔚⩄ਛᕈὐߩࠪࡈ࠻ࠍ⺑᣿ߢ߈ࠆߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬36ΈρέͿϋၾঊΡΛΠ̤̫ͥͅഥ൵ഽ̨ͣ͠!
ȪńŰůťŶŤŵŢůŤŦġŧŭŶŤŵŶŢŵŪŰůŴġŪůġŵũŦġŮŢŨůŦŵŰĮųŦŴŪŴŵŢůŤŦġŰŧġŵũŦġŨųŢűũŦůŦġŲŶŢůŵŶŮġťŰŵȫġ⪭ว ാ৻‫ᧄޔ‬ጟ ᱜᄥ㇢‫ޔ‬ᮘญ ⌀਽‫ޔ‬㕍ᧁ િਯ‫ޔ‬JP ࡃ࡯࠼㨎‫ޔ‬DK ࡈࠚ࡝࡯㨏㧔ජ⪲ᄢቇ‫ޔ‬SUNY ࡃ࠶ࡂࡠ࡯ᩞ㨎‫࠽࠱࡝ࠕޔ‬Ꮊ┙ᄢቇ㨏㧕ࠠ࠶ࠪࡘࠣ࡜ࡈࠔࠗ࠻ࠍ↪޿ߡ‫ࡠࠢࠗࡑޔ‬ო㐿ᴺߢᓧࠄࠇߚ 2 ጀࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦ ߦ‫ޔ‬Ti/Au ߩ 2 ┵ሶᛶ᛫᷹ቯ↪㔚ᭂࠍઃߌߡ‫ޔ‬2 ┵ሶ㊂ሶ࠼࠶࠻ߣߒߡߩૐ᷷⏛᳇વዉߩ᷹ⷰࠍⴕߞߚ‫ޕ‬r8T ߹ߢߩ⏛᳇વዉታ㛎ࠍⴕߞߚߣߎࠈ‫ߢ߹ࠇߎޔ‬ඨ
ዉ૕ߩ㊂ሶ⚦✢߿㊂ሶ࠼࠶࠻ߦߡ᷹ⷰߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ޔ‬㔚ሶᵄ㊂ሶᐓᷤߦࠃࠆવዉᐲࠁࠄ߉߇᷹ⷰߐࠇ‫ޔ‬㊂ሶᐓᷤ㗔ၞߩᄢ߈ߐࠍផቯߔࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈ߚ‫⏛ߩࠄࠇߎߚ߹ޕ‬᳇વዉߦߪ‫࡞࠲ࠢ࡜ࡈޔ‬᭴ㅧࠍ߽ߞߚ⏛᳇ᛶ᛫߇᷹ⷰߐࠇߡ‫࡞࠲ࠢ࡜ࡈޔ‬ᰴరߩ⸃ᨆࠍⴕ߁ߎߣ߇น⢻ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޔߚ߹ޕ‬2 ┵ሶ㊂ሶ࠼࠶࠻ߩࡃ࠶ࠢࠥ࡯࠻㔚ᭂࠍ↪޿ߡ‫⏛ߥ⊛࡞࠲ࠢ࡜ࡈߩߎޔ‬᳇વዉߩࠥ࡯࠻㔚࿶ଐሽᕈࠍ᷹ⷰߒߚ⚿ᨐ‫ޔ‬ਅߩ࿑ߦ␜ߔࠃ߁ߥ⥝๧ᷓ޿⃻⽎߇⏕⹺ߐࠇߚ‫ޕ‬વዉᐲࠁࠄ߉ߩᚑಽߪ‫⏛ࡠ࠯ޔ‬႐ߦኻߒߡኻ⒓ߢ޽ࠆ߇‫ޔ‬Ḱ๟ᦼ⊛ߦࠁࠄ޿ߢ޿ࠆߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇ‫ߚߞ┙⋡ޔ‬ᄢዊࡇ࡯ࠢߩ㑆㓒ߪ߶߷๟ᦼߢ޽ࠅ‫࠻࡯ࠥޔ‬㔚࿶ߦኻߒߡ߽߶ߣࠎߤਇᄌߣߥߞߡ޿ࠆ‫੹ޕ‬ᓟߪߎߩࠃ߁ߥ⃻⽎ߦኻߔࠆࠃࠅ⹦ߒ޿‫⏛ޔ‬႐ਗ߮ߦ᷷ᐲଐሽᕈߦ㑐ߒߡ⸃ᨆࠍⴕ޿‫ߩߣ࠻ࡦࠗࡐ࡮ࠢ࠶࡜ࠖ࠺ޔ‬㑐ㅪᕈߦߟ޿ߡߩㅊ෸ࠍⴕ߁‫ޕ‬

Y.Ujiie, S.Motooka, T.Morimoto, N.Aoki, D.K.Ferry, J.P.Bird, and Y.Ochiai, J.Phys.:Condens.Matter 21, 382202,(2009).

㪙 㪞 㩷 㪔 㩷㪇 㪭㪙 㪞 㩷 㪔 㩷㪈 㪭㪙 㪞 㩷 㪔 㩷㪉 㪭㪙 㪞 㩷 㪔 㩷㪊 㪭㪙 㪞 㩷 㪔 㩷㪋 㪭㪙 㪞 㩷 㪔 㩷㪌 㪭U P S W E E P (B G = 0 to 5 V )㪈㪎㪈 㪍 㪅㪌㪈㪍㪈 㪌 㪅㪌㪈㪌㪈 㪋 㪅㪌㪈㪋㪈 㪊 㪅㪌
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㪙 㩷㪲 㪫 㪴37ŔţńŭĶňŊń ̥ͣैୋ̱̹ΈρέͿϋ͈࿶௣අ଻ᷓ↰ ⺈਽‫ ᧁ౎ޔ‬㓉ᄙ㧔ᐢፉᄢ㒮వ┵‛⾰㧕ࠣ࡜ࡈࠔࠗ࠻ߩනේሶጀߢ޽ࠆࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦߪ‫ޔ‬㜞޿ᤃേᐲࠍ␜ߔߎߣߥߤ߆ࠄᣂⷙඨዉ૕᧚ᢱߣߒߡᦼᓙߐࠇߡ߅ࠅ‫ޔ‬᭽‫ߥޘ‬૞⵾ᣇᴺ߇ᮨ⚝ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫੹ޕ‬࿁ᚒ‫ޔߪޘ‬㤥㋦ጀ㑆ൻว‛ GIC ߇․ቯߩጀ㑆ࠍ᜛ᒛߔࠆߣ޿߁ᕈ⾰ࠍ↪޿ࠆߎߣߢ‫ޔ‬૞⵾ߐࠇࠆࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦߩጀᢙࠍ೙ᓮߢ߈ࠆߩߢߪߥ޿߆ߣ⠨߃ߚ‫ߩࡦࠚࡈ࡜ࠣޕ‬૞⵾ߦ޽ߚࠅ‫⹜ࠢ࡞ࡃޔ‬ᢱߣߒߡ twobulb ᴺ߿ᶧ⋧ធ⸅෻ᔕᴺߦࠃࠅ SbCl5 ࠍࠗࡦ࠲࡯ࠞ࡜ࡦ࠻ߣߒߚ SbCl5-GIC ࠍ૞⵾ߒ↪޿ߚ‫ ߩߎޕ‬GIC ߪ‫ޔ‬ᄢ᳇ਛߢᭂ߼
ߡ቟ቯߢ޽ࠅ‫ⷙޔ‬ೣᱜߒ޿ࠬ࠹࡯ࠫࠍᒻᚑߔࠆߎߣ߆ࠄᧄ⎇ⓥߦㆡߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ᰴߦ‫ޔ‬ᚻᴺߣߒߡߪᦨ߽◲ᤃߢ㜞ຠ⾰ߥࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦߩ૞⵾ᣇᴺߣߒߡ⍮ࠄࠇߡ޿ࠆࠬࠦ࠶࠴࠹࡯ࡊᴺࠍ↪޿ߚ‫ޕ‬૞⵾ߒߚࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦߦߪ‫ޔ‬ᄌ⦡ߒߚ߽ߩߣ߶ߣࠎߤㅢᏱ
ߩࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦߣหߓ⦡⺞ࠍ߽ߟ߽ߩ߇⷗ࠄࠇ‫ޔ‬೨⠪ߪ EPMA ߦࠃࠆర⚛ಽᨆ߆ࠄ Sb ߣ Cl ߇೸㔌ᓟ߽ᱷሽߒߡ޿ࠆߎߣ߇
್᣿ߒߚ‫ޔࠄ߆ߣߎߩߎޕ‬ᄌ⦡ߩዋߥ޿ࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦߦኻߒ‫ޔ‬శቇ㗼ᓸ㏜ߣ CCD ࠞࡔ࡜ߦࠃࠆࠦࡦ࠻࡜ࠬ࠻⸃ᨆࠍ↪޿ߡ
GIC ߆ࠄߥࠆࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦߩጀᢙࠍ᳿ቯߒߚ‫ޕ‬Fig.1 ߪ‫⹜ࠢ࡞ࡃޔ‬ᢱࠍ↪޿ߚߣ߈ߦߢ߈ࠆࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦጀᢙߩಽᏓࠍ␜ߒߚ⚿ᨐߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬3rd ࠬ࠹࡯ࠫߣ 4th ࠬ࠹࡯ࠫߩ GIC ߢߪ‫ ࠇߙࠇߘޔ‬3 ጀߣ 4 ጀߩࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦߩ૞⵾ല₸߇ะ਄ߒߚ‫ޔߒ߆ߒޕ‬2nd ࠬ࠹࡯ࠫ߆ࠄ૞⵾ߐࠇߚࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦߦ߅޿ߡߪ‫ޔ‬㗼⪺ߥጀᢙߩ஍ࠅ߇⷗ࠄࠇߥ߆ߞߚ‫ޕ‬ᰴߦ‫ޔ‬ᄌ⦡ߩዋߥ޿ࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦ
ߣㅢᏱߩࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦߦ㑐ߒߡࠥ࡯࠻㔚࿶ଐሽᕈࠍ᷹ቯߒ‫⚿ޔ‬ᨐࠍ Fig. 2 ߦ␜ߒߚ‫⚿ߩߎޕ‬ᨐ߆ࠄ GIC ߆ࠄ૞⵾ߐࠇࠆࠣ࡜
ࡈࠚࡦߩਛߦߪ‫ޔ‬ㅢᏱߩ߽ߩߣห⒟ᐲߩᤃേᐲߣ㔚⩄ਇ⚐‛ኒᐲࠍ␜ߔ߽ߩ߽ሽ࿷ߔࠆߎߣ߇ಽ߆ߞߚ‫ޕ‬

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Fig. 2.વዉᐲߩࠥ࡯࠻㔚࿶ଐሽᕈ਄ : 2 ጀࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦ  ਅ : 3 ጀࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦ

ΈρέͿϋ̤̫ͥͅ৻ޫह͈௖଎ȽȨśĳĮŤŭŢŴŴŪŧŪŤŢŵŪŰůȩ੗᧛ ஜ৻㇢㧔᧲ർᄢ㒮ℂ㧕 ౝ࿃⊛‫ޔ‬෸߮ᄖ࿃⊛ࠬࡇࡦ゠㆏⋧੕૞↪ߩሽ࿷ਅߢ‫․ߪࡦࠚࡈ࡜ࠣޔ‬ᓽ⊛ߥᒙዪ࿷ߩ⋧࿑ࠍ๒ߔࠆ[1]‫ޔߌࠊࠅߣޕ‬ዪ࿷ߩࠢ࡜ࠬߪ‫ޔ‬ᵴᕈൻߐࠇߚ᦭ലࠬࡇࡦߩᢙ Ns ࠍᢙ߃ࠆߎߣߢࠊ߆ࠆ‫࡯࡟ࡃޔ߫߃଀ޕ‬㑆ᢔੂߪࡃ࡟࡯ࠬࡇࡦࠍ‫࡜ޔ‬ࠪࡘࡃ⋧੕૞↪ߪ‫ޔ‬ታࠬࡇࡦࠍᵴᕈൻߔࠆ߇‫⁁ߩࠇߙࠇߘޔ‬ᴫߦᔕߓߡ‫ޟޔ‬ታല⊛ߥᤨ㑆෻ォᠲ૞‫ࠍޠ‬หቯߔࠆߎߣ߇ߢ
߈ࠆ‫ޕ‬Kane-Mele ᮨဳ[2]ߦߪ‫ޔ‬೽ᩰሶ‫ޔ࡯࡟ࡃޔ‬ታࠬࡇࡦߩ 3 ߟ߇޽ࠆߩߢ‫ޔ‬Ns=1,2,3 ೽ᩰሶࠬࡇࡦߪᏱߦᵴᕈ ‫⾰ޕ‬
㊂㗄߇ߥ޿႐ว‫ޔ‬Ns ߇஧ᢙߥࠄ♽ߪᒙዪ࿷ WL ‫ޔ‬ᄸᢙߥࠄ෻ዪ࿷ AL ߢ޽ࠆ‫⾰ޕ‬㊂㗄߇ታല⊛ߥᤨ㑆෻ォኻ⒓ᕈࠍ⎕ࠆߣ‫ ࡯࡝࠲࠾࡙ߪ♽ޔ‬U ߦߥࠆ‫ޕ‬[1] K.-I. Imura, Y. Kuramoto, K. Nomura, Phys. Rev. B 80, 085119 (2009).
[2] C.L. Kane, E.J. Mele, Phys. Rev. Lett. 95, 226801 (2005).

ΟͻρΛ·ࠏ̤̫ͥͅ űů ୪ࣣ̅·ρͼϋȆΠϋΥσ͂Αάϋܴൽ௖ࡽैဥġ੗᧛ ஜ৻㇢㧔᧲ർᄢ㒮ℂ㧕⋧ኻ⺰⊛ߥ㊂ሶജቇߦ߅޿ߡ‫࡞ࡖࠪࡦ࠹ࡐޔ‬㓚ო߇޽߹ࠅߦ߽ 㕒ᱛ⾰㊂ࠍ⿥߃ߡ ᄢ߈޿ᤨ‫ޔ‬ㅒߦฎౖ⊛ߦߪਇน⢻ߥ㗔ၞߦ☸ሶ߇࠻ࡦࡀ࡞ߒߡ޿ߊ‫߇ࠇߎޔߣߛ♽ࡦࠚࡈ࡜ࠣޕ‬ቢోㅘㆊߦߥࠆ ࠢ࡜ࠗࡦ࡮࠻ࡦࡀ࡞ ‫ޕ‬Z2 ࠻ࡐࡠࠫࠞ࡞⛘✼૕ Kane-Mele ᮨဳ[1] ߩ႐ว‫⋧ࡃࡘࠪ࡜ޔ‬੕૞↪ߦࠃࠅታࠬࡇࡦࠍᵴᕈൻߒߡ߿ࠆߣ‫߇ࠇߎޔ‬ቢో෻኿ߦᄌࠊࠆ‫৻ޕ‬ᣇ‫⾰࡞ࠞࠫࡠࡐ࠻ޔ‬㊂㗄ߣ࡜ࠪࡘࡃ⋧੕૞↪߇߁߹ߊࡃ࡜ࡦࠬߒߚ႐วߦߪ‫ޔ‬ౣ߮ቢోㅘㆊ߇น⢻ߦߥࠆ‫ߥ߁ࠃߩߎޕ‬ャ
ㅍ․ᕈߪ‫⾰࡞ࠞࠫࡠࡐ࠻ޔ‬㊂㗄ߦ․᦭ߩ߽ߩߢ޽ࠅ‫ޔ‬Z2 ⛘✼૕ࠍ․ᓽߠߌࠆᜰ⚉ߦߥࠆߣᦼᓙߐࠇࠆ[2]‫ޕ‬[1] C.L. Kane, E.J. Mele, Phys. Rev. Lett. 95, 226801 (2005).
[2] A. Yamakage, K.-I. Imura, J. Cayssol, Y. Kuramoto, Europhys. Lett. 87, 47005 (2009).

ୃુ߄௺.ΈρέͿϋ΢Φςδϋ.ୃુ߄௺୪ࣣࠏ͈ഩ‫ܨ‬ഥ൵!
ศጟ ⧷↢‫ߨࠃ ᦬ᦸޔ‬ሶ㧔ᄹ⦟ᅚሶᄢቇᄢቇ㒮ੱ㑆ᢥൻ⎇ⓥ⑼㧕
ࠫࠣࠩࠣ┵ࠍ᦭ߔࠆࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦ࠽ࡁ࡝ࡏࡦ એਅ zigzag GNR ߣ⋭⇛ߪ‫࡯ࠡ࡞ࡀࠛࡒ࡞ࠚࡈޔ‬ㄭறߩ⁁ᘒ߇ࠫࠣࠩࠣ┵ઃㄭߦዪ࿷ߔࠆߚ߼
ࡈࠚ࡞ࡒࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯ߦࡃࡦ࠼ࠡࡖ࠶ࡊߪߥ޿߇࠼࡞࡯࠺ߩ㊀ߺ߇࠯ࡠߣ
ߥࠆ․⇣ߥࡃࡦ࠼᭴ㅧࠍᜬߟ♽ߢ޽ࠆ‫⎇ᧄޕ‬ⓥߢߪ‫ޔ‬zigzag GNR ߣᱜ
Ᏹ㊄ዻ߆ࠄߥࠆធว♽ߩ㔚᳇વዉࠍ⺞ߴ‫ޔ‬᏷ߩ஧ᄸߦࠃࠆ㔚᳇વዉ․ᕈ
ߩᏅ⇣߿ zigzag GNR 㗔ၞ߇᦭㒢ߩ㐳ߐߢ޽ࠆߎߣߦ⿠࿃ߔࠆᣂᄸߥ
⃻⽎ߦߟ޿ߡℂ⺰⊛⠨ኤࠍⴕߞߚ‫ޕ‬࿑ 1 ߦᚒ‫ߚ޿↪߇ޘ‬ᮨဳࠍ␜ߔ‫ޕ‬᏷ N‫ޔ‬㐳ߐ 2NL ߩ zigzag GNR ߩਔ┵ߦᱜᣇᩰሶߢ⴫ߐࠇߚᱜᏱ㊄ዻ߇ขࠅઃߌࠄࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ޔߪߢߎߘޕ‬ャㅍ․ᕈߦኻߔࠆࠫࠣࠩࠣ┵ߩലᨐࠍ⺞ߴࠆߚ߼‫ޔ‬਄┵ ⎕✢ ߩ㔚⩄⒖േߣਅ┵ ὐ✢ ߩ㔚⩄⒖േࠍߘࠇߙ

࿑㧝㧦ᚒ‫߇ޘ‬⠨ኤߔࠆᮨဳ‫ޕ‬ᱜᣇᩰሶߢ⴫ߐࠇߚ
ੑߟߩᱜᏱ㊄ዻߩ㑆ߦ zigzag GNR㧔᏷ N ‫ޔ‬㐳ߐ
2 N L 㧕߇᜽߹ࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬39

ࠇ c×t ߅ࠃ߮ c×t㧔t ߪታ✢ߢឬ߆ࠇߚࡏࡦ࠼ߦ߅ߌࠆ㔚⩄⒖േߢ޽ࠅ‫ޔ‬ᱜᏱ㊄ዻ㗔ၞߣ zigzag GNR 㗔ၞߢหߓߢ޽ࠆ
ߣߔࠆ㧕ߣߔࠆ‫ޕ‬ᓧࠄࠇߚ⚿ᨐߪએਅߩߣ߅ࠅߢ޽ࠆ‫޿ߥ߇ࠣࡦࡇ࡯࠼ߩࠕ࡝ࡖࠠޕ‬႐ว E = 0 ߦߪ‫ޔ‬᏷ N ߇஧ᢙߩ႐
วࠦࡦ࠳ࠢ࠲ࡦࠬ g ߪ NL ߩ㑐ᢙߣߒߡ‫ ޔ‬N L㧙 2 ߢᷫዋߒߡࠁߊ‫৻ޕ‬ᣇ‫ޔ‬N ߇ᄸᢙߩ႐วߦߪ‫ߩࠬࡦ࠲ࠢ࠳ࡦࠦޔ‬୯ߪ
NL ‫ ߢ ͳ ب‬1 ߦㄭߠߊ‫ ߚ߹ޕ‬N  3 ߢߪ‫ޔ‬NL ‫ߩ ͳ ب‬႐วߩࠦࡦ࠳ࠢ࠲ࡦࠬߩ୯ߪ N ߇஧ᢙߩ႐ว߽ᄸᢙߩ႐ว߽౒ߦ cߣ c ߦߪଐሽߒߥ޿‫ޔߪࠇߎޕ‬N  3 ߩ႐ว‫ ߪ┵ࠣࠩࠣࠫޔ‬E = 0‫ޔ‬NL ‫ߢ ͳ ب‬ャㅍ․ᕈߦነਈߒߥ޿ߎߣࠍᗧ๧ߒߡ޿
ࠆ‫ޔߒߛߚޕ‬N = 2 ࠫࠣࠩࠣ┵ߩߺ߇ሽ࿷ߔࠆ ߩ႐วߦߪߎߩᭂ㒢ߢ g ؄͵ሺ ʹ൅ c2)/ N L2 ߣߥࠅ‫ޔ‬ฦ‫⁛߇┵ࠣࠩࠣࠫߩޘ‬┙ߦャㅍ⃻⽎ߦነਈߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޔߦࠄߐޕ‬E ് 0 ߩ႐ว߿‫ޔ‬N ߇஧ᢙߩ႐วߩ࠴ࡖࡀ࡞ߩࡈࠖ࡞࠲࡝ࡦࠣߦߟ޿ߡ⠨ኤࠍⴕߞߚ‫ޕ‬ř ஌‫ݟ‬ਓ໦࢕ͬဥ̞̹΢ΦΈρέͿϋ͈ഩঊેఠͅ‫!ݪࡄ̳ͥ۾‬1 ᧁญ ቇ‫ޔ‬1Jeseph Joly‫ޔ‬1 ⍹ᯅ ᖘ‫ޔ‬1 㜞ᯅ ᜏ਽‫ޔ‬1 㜞੗ ๺ਯ‫ޔ‬2Mauricio Terrones‫ޔ‬3Mildred Dresselhaus‫ޔ‬1 ᭑ ᢅ᣿

㧔1 ᧲੩ᎿᬺᄢቇℂᎿቇ⎇ⓥ⑼‫ ޔ‬2National Contact Point with the EU on Nanotechnology, 3Massachusetts Instituteof Technology㧕࠽ࡁࠨࠗ࠭ߩࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦ ࠽ࡁࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦ ߪࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦߣߒߡߩ‛ᕈߦട߃‫‛ߩ᦭․ߦ࠭ࠗࠨࡁ࠽ޔ‬ᕈ⊒⃻߇ᦼᓙߐࠇ
ᵈ⋡ࠍ㓸߼ߡ޿ࠆ‫ߩߘߦ․ޕ‬㔚ሶ⁁ᘒߦᵈ⋡ߔࠆߣ‫ࠆߔ᧪↱ߦࠫ࠶ࠛޔ‬㔚ሶ⁁ᘒ߇ࡈࠚ࡞ࡒḰ૏ㄭறߦ⊒⃻ߒ‫ߎߦࠄߐޔ‬ߩࠛ࠶ࠫ⁁ᘒ߇⏛ᕈߦ㑐ㅪߔࠆߎߣ߇ℂ⺰⊛ߦ੍ᗐߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ߩࡦࠚࡈ࡜ࠣࡁ࠽ߢ߹ࠇߎޕ‬㔚ሶ⁁ᘒߦߟ޿ߡߪ‫ޔ‬STM
ߥߤࠍ↪޿ߡ⎇ⓥ߇ߥߐࠇߡ߈ߚ߇‫ޔ‬ਇ᣿ߥὐ߽ᄙ޿‫⎇ᧄޕ‬ⓥߢߪ X ✢ๆ෼ಽశࠍ↪޿‫․ߦࡦࠚࡈ࡜ࠣߩ࠭ࠗࠨࡁ࠽ޔ‬ᓽ⊛ߥ㔚ሶ⁁ᘒߩ⸃᣿ࠍ⋡⊛ߣߒߚ‫ޕ‬ ⹜ᢱߦߪ⋥ᓘ 3nm‫ޔ‬3 ጀ⒟ᐲߩࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦ߆ࠄߥࠆᵴᕈൻ὇⚛❫⛽ ACF ߅ࠃ߮࠽ࡁ࡝ࡏࡦࠍ↪޿ߚ‫ޕ‬ታ㛎ߪ㜞ࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯ടㅦེ⎇ⓥᯏ᭴᡼኿శᣉ⸳ BL-7A ߢⴕߞߚ‫ޕ‬ ࿑ߦߪ ACF ⹜ᢱߩ X ✢ๆ෼ࠬࡍࠢ࠻࡞ߩࡈ࠶⚛ߩ࠼࡯ࡊ㊂ଐሽᕈ߅ࠃ߮Ყセߩߚ߼ HOPG ߩ⚿ᨐࠍ␜ߒߚ‫ޕ‬ACF ⹜ᢱߢߪ S㧖゠㆏ߩਅߦᣂߚߦ P1 ࡇ࡯ࠢ߇᷹ⷰߐࠇߚ‫࠶ࡈޕ‬⚛࠼࡯ࡊ㊂ߩჇടߦ઻޿‫ޔ‬P1 ࡇ࡯ࠢᒝᐲ߇ᷫዋߒ‫ޔ‬ᣂߚߦ
P2 ࡇ࡯ࠢ߇⃻ࠇ‫ޔ‬S㧖ࡇ࡯ࠢᒝᐲ߇ᷫዋߔࠆ᭽ሶ߇᷹ⷰߐࠇ
ߚ‫⏛ޕ‬᳇᷹ቯߣߩᲧセ߆ࠄ‫ޔ‬P1 ߇࠽ࡁࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦߩࠛ࠶ࠫ
ߦ‫ޔ‬P2 ߇࠳ࡦࠣ࡝ࡦࠣࡏࡦ࠼ߦ↱᧪ߔࠆ㔚ሶ⁁ᘒߦኻᔕߔ
ࠆߩߢߪߥ޿߆ߣ⠨߃ߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ ߹ߚ‫ ߽ߡ޿ߟߦࡦࡏ࡝ࡁ࠽ޔ‬X ✢ๆ෼ࠬࡍࠢ࠻࡞ࠍ᷹ቯ
ߒ‫ࡦࡏ࡝ࡁ࠽ޔ‬ടᾲߦ઻߁ᒻ⁁ᄌൻߦኻᔕߒߚࠬࡍࠢ࠻࡞ߩ

࿑ ACF ⹜ᢱߩ X ✢ๆ෼ࠬࡍࠢ࠻࡞ߩࡈ࠶⚛࠼࡯ࡊ㊂ଐሽᕈ‫ޕ‬ᄌൻ߇᷹ⷰߐࠇߚ‫ޕ‬ એ਄‫ޔ‬ACF ߿࠽ࡁ࡝ࡏࡦߥߤߩ࠽ࡁࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦ⹜ᢱߦߟ޿ߡ X ✢ๆ෼ࠬࡍࠢ࠻࡞ࠍ᷹ቯߔࠆߎߣߢ‫ࡦࠚࡈ࡜ࠣࡁ࠽ޔ‬ߦ․ᓽ⊛ߥ㔚ሶ⁁ᘒࠍᬌ಴ߔࠆߎߣߦᚑഞߒߚ‫ޕ‬40

D-(ET)2I3 ͈ࣞգ‫ ئ‬13C NMRᷡ᳓ ᐽᒄ㧔ฬᄢ㜞╬⎇, ฬᄢ㒮ℂ㧕
ಽሶᕈዉ૕D-(ET)2I3 ߪ‫ޔ‬135 K ߢ㔚⩄⒎ᐨߦࠃࠅ⛘✼ൻߔࠆᡆੑᰴర㔚ሶ♽ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬1.1 GPa એ਄ߩ㜞࿶ਅߢߪ‫ޔ‬㔚
⩄⒎ᐨ߇ᛥ೙ߐࠇ‫ޔ‬Dirac corn ಽᢔࠍ᦭ߔࠆ໑৻ࡃ࡞ࠢ‛⾰ߣߥࠆ‫⎇ᧄޕ‬ⓥߢߪ‫ޔ‬Dirac ☸ሶ․᦭ߩૐࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯ബ⿠ࠍ
᷹ⷰߔࠆߚ߼ߦ‫ޔ‬13C NMR ᷹ቯࠍⴕߞߚ‫↰ߦߢ߹ࠇߎޕ‬᎑ࠄߩ⏛᳇ᛶ᛫᷹ቯߦࠃߞߡ‫ޔ‬D-(ET)2I3 ߦ߅ߌࠆ zero mode
Landau level ߇᷹ⷰߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ߇‫⇣ޔ‬Ᏹߥⷺᐲଐሽ⏛᳇ᛶ᛫ߩᝄࠆ⥰޿ߪℂ⸃ߐࠇߡ޿ߥ޿‫৻ޕ‬ᣇ‫⏛ޔ‬ᕈߦ㑐ߒߡߪ‫ޔ‬ૐ⏛႐ߢߪࡆࠬࡑࠬ߿ࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦห᭽ߦᒝ޿෻⏛ᕈ߇ᦼᓙߐࠇࠆ߇‫ޔ‬ᒝ⏛႐ߩ Landau ㊂ሶൻ⁁ᘒ߳ߩㆊ⒟ߪ᣿ࠄ߆ߦ
ߥߞߡ޿ߥ޿‫ޔߚ߹ޕ‬㔚ሶ⋧㑐ߦࠃࠆ⛘✼ൻ Wigner crystallization ㄭறߢ‫ޔ‬ૐࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯ബ⿠߇ߤߩࠃ߁ߥᄌ⺞ࠍฃߌࠆߩ߆⥝๧ᷓ޿‫ޕ‬
NMR ߪ‫ޔ‬㜞࿶ਅߢ߽㕒⊛߅ࠃ߮േ⊛ࠬࡇࡦᏪ⏛₸ࠍ㜞ᗵᐲߦ᷹ቯߢ߈ࠆὐߦ߅޿ߡఝࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬D-(ET)2I3 ߦ߅޿ߡ1.5 ߣ 1.75 GPa ਅߩ 13C NMR ታ㛎ߦࠃࠅ‫ ࠻ࡈࠪ࠻ࠗ࠽ޔ‬K ߣࠬࡇࡦᩰሶ✭๺₸ 1/T1 ࠍ᷹ቯߒߚ‫ޕ‬80 K એਅߢ 1/T1 ߪ
T4 ߦᲧ଀‫ޔ‬K ߪ exponential ߦㄭ޿㍈޿ᷫዋࠍ␜ߒ‫ޔ‬෻⏛ᕈߪ᷹ⷰߐࠇߥ߆ߞߚ‫ᦼߢࠬ࡟ࡊ࠶ࡖࠡߪࠇߎޕ‬ᓙߐࠇࠆ‫ޔ‬
1/T1~T3 ߅ࠃ߮ K~T ߣߪ⇣ߥࠅ‫ࡦࡇࠬޔ‬ബ⿠ߦ᦭㒢ߩࠡࡖ࠶ࡊ߇ሽ࿷ߒߡ޿ࠆߎߣࠍ␜ໂߔࠆ⚿ᨐߢ޽ࠆ‫⏛ޕ‬႐ଐሽᕈ߿ⷺᐲଐሽᕈ߽᷹ⷰߐࠇߥ޿ߎߣ߆ࠄ‫ ߪࡊ࠶ࡖࠡࡦࡇࠬޔ‬Landau ㊂ሶൻ⿠Ḯߢߪߥ޿ߎߣ߇ಽ߆ߞߚ‫ޕ‬Hall ଥᢙ߆ࠄ
⷗Ⓧ߽ࠄࠇߚࠠࡖ࡝ࠕኒᐲ߇㕖Ᏹߦዊߐ޿ߎߣ߆ࠄផ᷹ߒߡ‫ޔ‬㜞ࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯ߩࡃࡦ࠼㑆ㆫ⒖߽ࠬࡇࡦബ⿠ߦ㑐ਈߒߡ޿ࠆ
ߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬ᧄ⎇ⓥߪ‫ޔ‬ዊᨋᤩੱ㧔ฬᄢ㜞╬⎇ⓥ㒮㧕‫ޔ‬દ⮮ᱜⴕ㧔ฬᄢ㒮ℂ㧕‫ޔ‬ጊᧄᶈผ㧔ℂ⎇㧕‫ޔ‬㜞ᯅ೑ብ㧔ቇ⠌㒮ᄢ㧕ฦ᳁ߣߩ౒
ห⎇ⓥߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬śŦųŰġŮŰťŦŴĭġŦůŦųŨźġŨŢűĭġŢůťġŦťŨŦġŴŵŢŵŦŴġŰŧġŢůŪŴŰŵųŰűŪŤġũŰůŦźŤŰŮţġŭŢŵŵŪŤŦġŪůġŢġŮŢŨůŦŵŪŤġŧŪŦŭťġᳯፒ ஜᄥ㧔᧲ᄢ‛ᕈ⎇㧕 ⏛႐ਛ honeycomb lattice ߦ߅ߌࠆ࠯ࡠࡕ࡯࠼‫ޔࡊ࠶ࡖࠡޔ‬෸߮ࠛ࠶ࠫ⁁ᘒࠍ‫ޔ‬ᒝ᧤❈ᮨဳࠍ↪޿ߡ⠨ኤߔࠆ‫ޔߦ․ޕ‬ࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦߩ㔚ሶ‛ᕈࠍࠃࠅ৻⥸⊛ߦ⺞ߴࠆߚ߼‫ޔ‬〡߮⒖ࠅⓍಽߩ⇣ᣇᕈࠍዉ౉ߒߡ⸃ᨆࠍⴕߥ߁‫⏛ޔߕ߹ޕ‬႐ਛߦ߅ߌ
ࠆ࠯ࡠࡕ࡯࠼ߩሽ࿷᧦ઙ߇⸃ᨆ⊛ߦ᳞߼ࠄࠇࠆ‫᧦ߩߘޕ‬ઙߦၮߠ߈‫ޔ‬ᒙ⏛႐ਛߢߪࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦߦኻߒዋߒߩ⇣ᣇᕈࠍዉ౉
ߔࠆߛߌߢࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯࠯ࡠ߹ࠊࠅߦࠡࡖ࠶ࡊ߇㐿ߊߎߣ߇⷗಴ߐࠇࠆ‫⏛ޔߪࡊ࠶ࡖࠡߩߘޕ‬႐ߦ㑐ߒߡᜰᢙ㑐ᢙ⊛ߦᝄࠆ⥰߁‫ߩߎޕ‬ᝄࠆ⥰޿ߪ‫ޔ‬2 ߟߩ Dirac zero mode 㑆ߩ࠻ࡦࡀ࡝ࡦࠣലᨐߣߒߡℂ⸃ߐࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬ ߹ߚ‫ߦ♽ޔ‬Ⴚ⇇߇޽ࠆ႐วߩࠛ࠶ࠫ⁁ᘒߦߟ޿ߡ߽⼏⺰ࠍⴕߥ߁‫ޔߌࠊࠅߣޕ‬ᒙ⏛႐ਛߦ߅޿ߡߪ‫ޔ‬〡߮⒖ࠅⓍಽߩዋߒߩ⇣ᣇᕈߦࠃࠅ‫ߦࠫ࠶ࠛޔ‬ዪ࿷ߔࠆࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯࠯ࡠߩ⁁ᘒᢙ߇ᕆỗߦᄌൻߔࠆߎߣ߇⷗಴ߐࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬
K. Esaki, M. Sato, M. Kohmoto, B. I. Halperin, Phys. Rev. B 80, 125405 (2009).

41ŅŇŕ ࠗॳͥ͢ͅΈρέͿϋΏȜΠષ͈‫ݟ‬಍ঊ͈ഩঊࢹ௮͂հ೰଻!
ਛ↰ ⻞๋ AB‫ޔ‬⍹੗ ᤩ AB㧔㠽ขᄢ㒮Ꮏ A‫ޔ‬JST-CRESTB㧕ㄭᐕ‫ޔ‬ታ㛎ᛛⴚߩะ਄ߥߤߦ઻޿‫ࠍࡦࠚࡈ࡜ࠣޔ‬ೋ߼ߣߒߚ᭽‫ߥޘ‬ੑᰴర‛⾰߇૞ࠄࠇ‫ޔ‬ታ㛎࡮ℂ⺰ߩߺߥࠄߕ᏷ᐢߊ
ᔕ↪ߦㆡᔕߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫࠻ࠗࠔࡈ࡜ࠣޔ߫߃଀ޕ‬ၮ᧼਄ߦ GaN ࠍᚑ㐳ߐߖࠆ੐ߦࠃࠆ㕍⦡ LED ߩᚑഞߥߤ‫ޔ‬ੑᰴర‛⾰਄ߩਃᰴరൻว‛ඨዉ૕ߦᵈ⋡߇㓸߼ࠄࠇߡ߅ࠅ‫ߩߘޔ‬ᚑ㐳ࡔࠞ࠾࠭ࡓߩ⸃᣿߇ᵈ⋡ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫⎇ᧄޕ‬ⓥߢߪ‫ࠄࠇߎޔ‬ᚑ㐳ᯏ᭴ߩℂ⸃ߣߘߩ‛ᕈ࡮ᯏ⢻੍ᗐߩ⸃᣿ߩ⿷߇߆ࠅߣߒߡ‫⑼▚⸘ޔ‬ቇ⊛ߥᚻᴺ‫ߦ․ޔ‬ኒᐲ᳢㑐ᢙᴺࠍ↪޿ߚ╙৻ේℂ⊛
ߥ㔚ሶ᭴ㅧ⸘▚߆ࠄ‫ޔ‬ੑᰴర‛⾰ߢ޽ࠆࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦࠪ࡯࠻਄߳ߩේሶๆ⌕ߣߘߩ቟ቯᕈߦߟ޿ߡ⼏⺰ࠍⴕߞߚ‫ౕޕ‬૕⊛ߦߪ‫ޔ‬3 ୚๟ᦼߩࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦࠪ࡯࠻਄ߦ 3 ߟߩๆ⌕ࠨࠗ࠻ࠍ઒ቯߒ‫ޔ‬᭽‫ߥޘ‬ේሶࠍๆ⌕ߐߖߚߣ߈ߩๆ⌕ࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯ࠍ᳞߼‫ޔ‬♽⛔⊛ߦ቟ቯᕈߦߟ޿ߡ⼏⺰ࠍߒߚ‫ޕ‬ๆ⌕ߐߖߚේሶߪ‫࡝ࠞ࡞ࠕޔ‬㊄ዻ߿ㆫ⒖㊄ዻߥߤ‫ޔ‬ේሶ⇟ภ㧝߆ࠄ 83 ߹ߢ๟ᦼᓞ
⴫߶߷ోߡࠍࠞࡃ࡯ߒߚ⸘▚ࠍⴕߞߚ‫ߩߘߚ߹ޕ‬㓙ߦ㔚⩄ኒᐲ⸃ᨆߦࠃࠅ‫ߣࡦࠚࡈ࡜ࠣޔ‬ๆ⌕ሶ㑆ߩ㔚⩄⒖േࠍ⸘▚ߦࠃࠅ᳞߼ߚ‫⚿ߩߘޕ‬ᨐ‫ޔ‬ๆ⌕ࠨࠗ࠻෸߮ߘߩ௑ะߦ㑐ߒߡߪ‫ޔ‬㕖㊄ዻర⚛ߪ B ࠨࠗ࠻߳ๆ⌕ߒ‫ޔ‬ㆫ⒖㊄ዻర⚛ߪ H6 ࠨࠗ࠻߳ๆ⌕ߔࠆ௑ะࠍ␜ߒߚ‫ߩ߆ߟߊ޿ߪߡ޿߅ߦ⴫⊒ޔߚ߹ޕ‬ర⚛ߦߟ޿ߡ⹦⚦ߦ㔚ሶ⁁ᘒࠍ⸃ᨆߒႎ๔ߒߚ‫ޔ߈ߣߩߎޕ‬╙ੑ๟ᦼߩ㕖㊄ዻర⚛ߦ߅޿ߡߪ‫⚿ޔ‬วࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯ߩᒝߐߩ௑ะߪ‫ ߩߘޔ‬s-p ᷙᚑߩᒝߐߩ௑ะߣߒߡ㔚⩄ߩ⒖േߣ㑐ㅪߠߌߡℂ⸃ߢ߈ࠆߎߣࠍ␜ߒ‫╙ޔ‬྾๟ᦼߩㆫ⒖㊄ዻర⚛ߦ߅޿ߡߪ‫ޔ‬p-d ᷙᚑߩᒝߐߩ௑ะߣߒߡ‫ޔ‬EF ㄭறߩࡃࡦ࠼߳
ߩ㔚⩄ߩ⒖േߣ d ࡃࡦ࠼᏷ߩᄌൻߣ⒖േߦ㑐ㅪߠߌߡℂ⸃ߢ߈ࠆߎߣࠍ␜ߒߚ‫ޕ‬‫ޑ‬ঽા̤̫ͥͅΈρέͿϋ͈Αάϋ໦Ⴈ!
ਛේ ᄢ੺‫ޔ‬㐳↰ ବੱ‫ޔ‬ౝ↰ ๺ੱ‫ޔ‬㡨ᳰ ⾆ሶ㧔᧲ᄢ‛ᕈ⎇㧕 ࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦߩ㔚ሶ⁁ᘒߩ broadening ᏷ߩ⹏ଔߣዪዊൻߪ‫‛ޔ‬ᕈ⎇ⓥ߿ᔕ↪਄㊀ⷐߢ޽ࠆ߇‫ࡦࡇࠬࠍࠇߎޔ‬ಽⵚ᏷ࠍၮḰߦߣߞߡ⺞ߴߚ‫ޕ‬නጀࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦ FET ⚛ሶࠍ૞⵾ߒ‫ࡦࠗ࡟࠼ࠬ࡯࠰ޔ‬ᛶ᛫ߩࠥ࡯࠻㔚࿶ଐሽᕈࠍ⒳‫⏛ߩޘ‬႐ᣇ૏࡮⏛႐ᒝᐲߢ᷹ቯߒߚ‫⏛ޕ‬႐⛘ኻ୯ߢࠬࡇࡦಽⵚࠍ‫⏛⋥ုޔ‬႐ᚑಽߢ Landau ㊂ሶൻࠍ‫࠻࡯ࠥޔ‬㔚࿶ߢ Fermi
Ḱ૏ࠍ೙ᓮߒߚ‫ޕ‬
 10T ߹ߢߩု⋥⏛႐ਅߢߪ‫ޔ‬නጀࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦ․᦭ߩඨᢛᢙ㊂ሶ Hall ലᨐࠍ઻߁᣿⍎ߥ Shubnikov-de Haas (SdH) ᝄേࠍ᷹ⷰߒߚ߇‫ޔ‬㔚⩄ਛᕈὐߦ߅ߌࠆ SdH ࡇ࡯ࠢߦࠬࡇࡦಽⵚࠍ␜ໂߔࠆᓸ⚦᭴ㅧߪ⷗ࠄࠇߥ߆ߞߚ‫ޕ‬SdH ᝄേ߆ࠄ᳞
߼ߚዪᚲ⊛✭๺ᤨ㑆ߪ 0.1ps ߩࠝ࡯࠳࡯ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬Landau ㊂ሶൻ߇⿠߈ߥ޿ᐔⴕ⏛႐ਅߢߪࠬࡇࡦಽⵚߩലᨐߩߺ᛽಴ߢ
߈ࠆ߇‫ޔ‬㔚⩄ਛᕈὐㄭறߢߩߺ⏛᳇ᛶ᛫߇⃻ࠇࠆߎߣ߇᷹ⷰߐࠇߚ߽ߩߩ‫ࡦࡇࠬޔ‬ಽⵚ߆ࠄ੍ᗐߐࠇࠆ㔚⩄ਛᕈὐߩᛶ᛫
ࡇ࡯ࠢߩ߷ߌ߿ࠠࡦࠢ᭴ㅧߪ᷹ⷰߐࠇߥ߆ߞߚ‫ࡦࡇࠬߦࠄߐޕ‬ಽⵚࠍᄢ߈ߊߔࠆߚ߼ 20T ߹ߢߩࡄ࡞ࠬᒝ⏛႐ࠍ↪޿ߡᐔⴕ⏛႐ߩታ㛎ࠍⴕߞߚ߇‫ޔ‬᣿⍎ߥࠬࡇࡦಽⵚߪ᷹ⷰߐࠇߥ߆ߞߚ‫ ߪࠇߎޕ‬Dirac ࠦ࡯ࡦ⁁ᘒߩ broadening ᏷߇ 20Tߦ߅ߌࠆࠬࡇࡦಽⵚ ⚂ 2.3meV ࠃࠅචಽᄢ߈޿㧔✭๺ᤨ㑆߇ 0.28ps ࠃࠅචಽ⍴޿㧕ߎߣࠍ␜ߔ‫ޕ‬ ၮ᧼਄ࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦߩ㔚ሶ⁁ᘒߪ‫ޔ‬㔚ሶ㧙ᱜሹࡄ࠼࡞ ripple ߦࠃࠆ Dirac ὐߩⓨ㑆ᄌേߦࠃߞߡᄢ߈ߥ broadening ࠍ␜ߔߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫੹ޕ‬࿁ߩ⚿ᨐߪⓨ㑆ᄌേߦࠃࠆࡏࠤ߇ዪᚲ⊛Ḱ૏ࡏࠤࠃࠅᄢ߈޿ߎߣࠍ␜ໂߒߡ߅ࠅ‫ޔ‬㔚ሶ㧙ᱜሹࡄ࠼࡞ߦࠃࠆ⺑᣿ࠍᡰᜬߔࠆ⚿ᨐߢ޽ࠆߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬42ΈρέͿϋ͈ै଼͂௢औΠϋΥσࡐ๷‫ͥ͢ͅޢ‬ບ‫͈ث‬দ͙!
ᳯญ ⼾᣿㧔᧲੩ᄢቇ࡮‛ᕈ⎇ⓥᚲ㧕නጀߩࠣ࡜ࡈࠔࠗ࠻⤑ߢ޽ࠆࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦߪ‫ߥ⇣․ߩߘޔ‬㔚᳇⊛ᾲ⊛․ᕈ߆ࠄ࠽ࡁ࠺ࡃࠗࠬ߳ߩᔕ↪߇ᦼᓙߐࠇࠆ‛⾰ߢ޽ࠆ‫⿛ޕ‬ᩏ࠻ࡦࡀ࡞㗼ᓸ㏜ STM ߦࠃࠆ⎇ⓥߪ‫ޔߢ߹ࠇߎޔ‬ടᾲߐࠇߚ SiC ਄ߦᒻᚑߐࠇࠆ߽ߩ߿‫ޔ‬㊄ዻ਄ߦ↢ᚑߐࠇߚ߽ߩߥߤ߇ႎ๔ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ߇‫࡮ࡊࠗ࠲ߩࠕ࡝ࡖࠠޔ‬ኒᐲ೙ᓮࠍน⢻ߣߔࠆ⛘✼૕਄ߩࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦߩⷰኤߪ⊝ήߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ᧄ⎇ⓥߢߪ‫ࠅ➅ޔ‬㄰ߒഎ㐿ߦࠃࠅ૞⵾ߒߚࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦࠍࠪ࡝ࠦࡦ㉄ൻ⤑਄ߦਸ਼ߖ‫ޔ‬STM ⷰኤࠍ⹜ߺߚ‫ޕ‬ ࠹࡯ࡊࠍ↪޿ߡࠠ࠶ࠪࡘࠣ࡜ࡈࠔࠗ࠻ ߽ߒߊߪ HOPG ࠍᢙච࿁എ㐿ߔࠆߎߣߦࠃࠅ૞⵾ߐࠇߚ⭯⤑ࠣ࡜ࡈࠔࠗ࠻ࠍ
㉄ൻ⤑਄ߦਸ਼ߖ‫ߪߕ߹ޔ‬శቇ㗼ᓸ㏜ߦࠃࠅߘߩᐓᷤ⦡ⷰኤ߆ࠄනጀߣᕁࠊࠇࠆ߽ߩࠍㆬ߮಴ߒߚ‫ޔߦࠄߐޕ‬ේሶ㑆ജ㗼ᓸ
㏜ߦࠃࠆ㜞ߐ᷹ቯ߿‫ޔ‬㗼ᓸ࡜ࡑࡦಽశߦࠃࠆᝄേࡕ࡯࠼᷹ቯ߆ࠄ‫ޔ‬නጀࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦߢ޽ࠆߎߣࠍ⏕⹺ߒߚ‫ޕ‬⛘✼૕ၮ᧼⴫㕙਄ߦ૞⵾ߒߚࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦ⹜ᢱࠍ STM ⷰኤߔࠆߚ߼ߦߪ‫⹜ޔ‬ᢱߦࡃࠗࠕࠬ㔚࿶ࠍශടߒߡ࠻ࡦࡀ࡞㔚ᵹࠍᬌ಴ߒ‫⿥ߟ߆ޔ‬㜞⌀ⓨౝߢត㊎⋥ਅߦ⹜ᢱࠍ⟎ߊߚ߼ߦߪࡑ࡯ࠞ࡯╬ࠍ↪޿ߡត㊎ࠍ⹜ᢱ૏⟎߹ߢ⺃ዉߔࠆᔅⷐ߇޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ߎࠇࠄߩ⋡⊛ߩߚ߼ߦ㔚ሶ✢࡝࠰ࠣ࡜ࡈࠖ࡯ࠍ↪޿ߡ㔚ᭂ߅ࠃ߮ࠟࠗ࠼↪ࡑ࡯ࠞ࡯ࠍ૞⵾ߒߚ‫⚿ߩߘޕ‬ᨐ‫⿥ޔ‬㜞⌀ⓨ`10㪄㪐 Pa ࡮ૐ᷷ ޯ7K ⅣႺਅߢ‫⹜ࡦࠚࡈ࡜ࠣޔ‬ᢱ૏⟎ߦ߅޿ߡ STM ⷰኤߔࠆߎߣߦᚑഞߒߚ‫࡜ࠣޔࠄ߇ߥߒ߆ߒޕ‬ࡈࠚࡦ⴫㕙ߩᳪᨴ߇ỗߒߊ‫ޔ‬ේሶಽ⸃⢻௝ࠍᓧࠆߦߪ⥋ࠄߥ߆ߞߚ‫ޕ‬ᳪᨴⷐ࿃ߣߒߡߪ࡝࠰ࠣ࡜ࡈࠖ࡯ߦ↪޿ߡ޿ࠆ࡟ࠫ
ࠬ࠻⤑߇ᱷሽߒߡ޿ࠆߎߣ߇⠨߃ࠄࠇ‫ࠍࠄࠇߎޔ‬㒰෰ߒᷡᵺ⴫㕙ࠍᓧࠆߎߣ߇੹ᓟߩ⺖㗴ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ˎ௄ΈρέͿϋ̤̫ͥͅഩ‫ܨ‬ഥ൵͈ഩ‫ٮ‬ଷࢄ͂ΟΨͼΑ؊ဥ!
ችፒ ਭ↢ AE‫ޔ‬Ⴆ⿧ ৻ੳ ABCE‫ޔ‬S.L. LiA‫ ↰␹ޔ‬᥏↳ DE㧔‛᧚ᯏ᭴ A‫ ⎇✚↥ޔ‬B‫ޔ‬ℂ⎇ C‫╳ޔ‬ᵄᄢᢙℂ‛⾰ D‫ޔ‬CRESTE㧕ࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦࠍࠬࠗ࠶࠴ࡦࠣ࠻࡜ࡦࠫࠬ࠲ߣߒߡᵴ↪ߔࠆߚ߼ߦߪ‫ޔ‬OFF ᛶ᛫ߩჇᄢ߇ਇนᰳߢ޽ࠅ‫ࡃߪߦ߼ߚߩߘޔ‬ࡦ࠼ࠡࡖ࠶ࡊߩዉ౉߇᦭ലߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ᚒ‫ޔߪޘ‬2 ጀࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦߦ 2 ߟߩࠥ࡯࠻㔚ᭂ Si ၮ᧼ߦࠃࠆࡃ࠶ࠢࠥ࡯࠻ߣ Al 㔚ᭂߦࠃࠆ࠻࠶ࡊࠥ࡯࠻ ߦࠃߞߡု⋥㔚႐ࠍශടߔࠆߎߣߦࠃߞߡࡃࡦ࠼ࠡࡖ࠶ࡊࠍታ⃻ߒߚ‫ ߥ߁ࠃߩߘޕ‬2 ጀࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦ
ࠍ࠴ࡖࡀ࡞ߦ↪޿ߚ FET ߦ߅޿ߡ‫ߩࡊ ࠶ࡖࠡ࠼ࡦࡃޔ‬ή޿ߣ߈ߦ 10 ⒟ᐲߢ޽ߞߚ ON-OFF Ყߪ‫ߩࡊ࠶ࡖࠡ࠼ࡦࡃޔ‬ዉ౉ߦࠃࠅᦨᄢߢ⚂ 300 ߹ߢჇᄢߒߚ T = 77 K ‫ޕ‬OFF ⁁ᘒߦ߅ߌࠆવዉࡔࠞ࠾࠭ࡓࠍ⺞ߴࠆߚ߼‫ޔ‬OFF ᛶ᛫ߩ᷷ᐲଐ
ሽᕈࠍ᷹ቯߒߚ‫ޕ‬㜞᷷஥ 100-200 K ߩ᷷ᐲଐሽᕈࠃࠅ 1.5 V/nm ߩ㔚႐ਅߢ 0.15 eV ߩࡃࡦ࠼ࠡࡖ࠶ࡊ߇⺃⿠ߐࠇߡ޿
ࠆߎߣࠍ⏕⹺ߒߚ‫ޕ‬ૐ᷷ T <~ 100 K ߦ߅ߌࠆ᷷ᐲଐሽᕈߪ variable range hopping ߩࡕ࠺࡞ߦᓥ޿‫ޔ‬ਇ⚐‛Ḱ૏ࠍ੺ߒߚવዉ߇ᱷߞߡ޿ࠆߎߣࠍ␜ໂߔࠆ‫ ߥ߁ࠃߩߎޔߚ߹ޕ‬2 ጀࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦ࠻࡜ࡦࠫࠬ࠲ࠍ 2 ߟ↪޿ߚࠗࡦࡃ࡯࠲࡯ࠍ⹜
૞ߒ‫ߩࡊ࠶ࡖࠡ࠼ࡦࡃޔ‬Ⴧᄢߣ౒ߦࠥࠗࡦ߇ᄢ߈ߊߥࠆߎߣࠍ⷗಴ߒߚ‫ޕ‬ŕŶůŢţŭŦġŷŰŭŵŢŨŦġŨŢŪůġŪůġťŶŢŭĮŨŢŵŦġţŪŭŢźŦųġŨųŢűũŦůŦġŪůŷŦųŵŦųġ㤡 ᧻ᨋ Songlin Li A‫ޔ‬ችፒ ਭ↢ AE‫ ↰␹ޔ‬᥏↳ DE‫ޔ‬Ⴆ⿧ ৻ੳ ABCE㧔‛᧚ᯏ᭴ A‫ ⎇✚↥ޔ‬B‫ޔ‬ℂ⎇ C‫╳ޔ‬ᵄᄢᢙℂ‛⾰ D, CRESTE㧕

Graphene is an attractive material for nanoelectronics due to its high carrier mobility and the possibility of largearea fabrication. After the demonstration of high-performance field-effect transistors (FETs), it is interesting tofabricate various digital logic units and fulfill the logic operations. However, due to the metallic nature, theperformance of graphene devices is still low. In Ref. 1 (Traversi e al, Appl. Phys. Lett., 94 (2009) 223312), for example,
the maximum voltage gain reaches only 0.044 in a single-gate monolayer graphene inverter. Here we report the43

electrical characteristics in dual-gate bilayer graphene (BLG) inverters. In contrast to the single-gate inverters1, thetop gate (TG) is used as the input terminal and the bottom gate (BG) serves as a specific terminal to apply theperpendicular field to tune the band structure in our devices. The dependence of voltage gain on both the BG anddrain biases was systematically measured. Enhanced voltage gains, with a maximum value of 3.2, were
demonstrated in the dual-gate BLG inverters. In particular, a complementary p- and n-type FET pairs are fulfilled
by only adjusting drain voltage without an additional electrical annealing process1.

ňųŢŷŪŵŢŵŪŰůŢŭġŢůŰŮŢŭźġŢůťġŲŶŢůŵŪŻŦťġŵũŦųŮŢŭġŵųŢůŴűŰųŵġŪůġŨųŢűũŦůŦĮťŦųŪŷŦťġŪůŴŶŭŢŵŰųŴġ
↰ਛ ⑺ᐢ㧔‛⾰࡮᧚ᢱ⎇ⓥᯏ᭴㧕ࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦߩ࠺ࠖ࡜࠶ࠢὐߦࠡࡖ࠶ࡊࠍ㐿ߌߡᒻᚑߐࠇࠆ᭽‫✼⛘ߥޘ‬૕ߩ࠻ࡐࡠࠫࠞ࡞ߥ හߜࠛ࠶ࠫࠬ࠹࡯࠻߇ᜂ߁
㊂ሶൻߐࠇߚ 㔚⏛ᔕ╵/ᾲャㅍᔕ╵ࠍ⺞ߴߚ‫᦭ޕ‬㒢ߥᔕ╵ߩ᦭ήߪࠡࡖ࠶ࡊࠍ߽ߚࠄߔ៨േߩኻ⒓ᕈߢ᳿߹ࠅ‫ޔ‬Haldaneᮨဳߦ߅ߌࠆᢛᢙ㊂ሶࡎ࡯࡞ലᨐ‫ޔ‬Kane-Mele ᮨဳߦ߅ߌࠆࠬࡇࡦ㊂ሶࡎ࡯࡞ലᨐߪߘߩ㗼⪺ߥ଀ߣ޿߃ࠆ‫৻ޕ‬ᣇ‫ޔ‬ㅢᏱ non-topological ߣ⷗ߥߐࠇࠆ boron-nitride ဳ߿ Kekule ဳ⛘✼૕ߦ߅޿ߡ߽ ripple ࠥ࡯ࠫ႐߿ᦛ₸ߣߩ⚿วߦࠃࠅ㕖⥄᣿ߥ࠻ࡐࡠࠫࠞ࡞ᔕ╵ valley ㊂ሶࡎ࡯࡞ലᨐ߿ߘߩㅒᔕ╵╬ ࠍ␜ߒᓧࠆߎߣ߇ಽ߆ߞߚ‫⸘ޔߦᦝޕ‬㊂ߩᓸዊᄌൻ
ߦᔕ╵ߒߡᵹࠇࠆࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯ᵹߪ Haldane ᮨဳߩ႐วߦߪ޿ࠊࠁࠆ㊀ജ Chern-Simons ૞↪ߦࠃࠅ⸥ㅀߐࠇ ߎࠇߪࠛ࠶ࠫࠬ࠹࡯࠻ߩ࠻࡟࡯ࠬࠕࡁࡑ࡝࡯ࠍ⺃⿠ߔࠆ ‫ߪ♽ޔ‬㊂ሶൻߐࠇߚࡎ࡯࡞ᾲવዉᐲ Leduc-Righi વዉᐲ ࠍ␜ߔ‫ߎޕ‬ߩ⚿ᨐߪ╬ଔߥࠬࡇࡦ♽ߩᾲࡎ࡯࡞ᔕ╵ߦ߽᜛ᒛߢ߈ࠆߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬ΫΑζΑถ྄ࠏ̤̫ͥͅၾঊΑάϋγȜσ࢘‫!ض‬๺↰ ⌀᮸[1]‫᧛ޔ‬਄ ୃ৻[12]‫ޔ‬F. Freimuth[3]‫ޔ‬G. Bihlmayer[3]㧔[1]᧲Ꮏᄢ㒮ℂᎿ‫[ޔ‬2]ߐ߈߇ߌ㧙JST‫[ޔ‬3]Institut für Festkörperforschung, Forschungszentrum Jülich㧕 ੑᰴర㊂ሶࠬࡇࡦࡎ࡯࡞♽ߪή㒢ᐔ㕙♽ߢߪ⛘✼૕ߢ޽ࠅߥ߇ࠄ‫ᤨޔ‬㑆෻ォኻ⒓ߥੑ⁁ᘒ߆ࠄߥࠆࠡࡖ࠶ࡊ࡟ࠬߥࠛ࠶
ࠫ⁁ᘒ߇ࠬࡇࡦવዉࠍᜂ߁‫⁁ࠫ࠶ࠛߩߎޕ‬ᘒߪ࠻ࡐࡠࠫࠞ࡞ߦ଻⼔ߐࠇ‫ ߪ♽ޔ‬Z2 ࠻ࡐࡠࠫࠞ࡞࠽ࡦࡃ࡯ߦࠃߞߡ․ᓽઃ
ߌࠄࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬ ㄭᐕ‫ޔ‬ᣂߒ޿ੑᰴర࠻ࡐࡠࠫࠞ࡞⛘✼૕ߩ୥⵬ߣߒߡ Bi(111)ߣ Bi{012}ߩੑ⒳㘃ߩࡆࠬࡑࠬ⭯⤑♽߇ᵈ⋡ࠍ㓸߼ߡ޿ࠆ‫ߪߢ⴫⊒ᧄߢߎߘޕ‬ਔ⭯⤑ߩ࠲ࠗ࠻ࡃࠗࡦ࠺ࠖࡦࠣࡕ࠺࡞߆ࠄ Z2 ࠻ࡐࡠࠫࠞ࡞࠽ࡦࡃ࡯ࠍ⸘▚ߒ‫ޔ‬೨⠪ߪ㊂ሶࠬࡇࡦࡎ࡯࡞⋧ߦ‫ޔ‬ᓟ⠪ߪ⛘✼⋧ߦ޽ࠆߎߣࠍ␜ߒߚ‫࠼ࡦࡃߩߢ♽ߩ⁁ࡦࡏ࡝ߚ߹ޕ‬᭴ㅧࠍ⸘▚ߒ‫⁁ࠫ࠶ࠛߥࠬ࡟ࡊ࠶ࡖࠡޔ‬ᘒ߇ሽ࿷ߒߡ࠻ࡐࡠࠫࠞ࡞࠽ࡦࡃ࡯ߩ⚿ᨐߣ╓วߔࠆߎߣ‫⁁ߩߘ߮ࠃ߅ޔ‬ᘒ߇ࠬࡇࡦᵹࠍㆇ߱ߎߣࠍ␜ߒߚ‫ޕ‬ ߐࠄߦ೨⠪ߩࠛ࠶ࠫ⁁ᘒࠍ⸃ᨆߔࠆߎߣߦࠃࠅ‫⃻ޔ‬ታ⊛ߥ♽ߦ߅ߌࠆࠛ࠶ࠫ⁁ᘒߩ⊒⃻ߩ᭽ሶࠍቯᕈ⊛ߦ⺰ߓߚ‫⥸৻ޕ‬ߦਇ⚐‛ᢔੂ߇޽ࠆ♽ߦ߅޿ߡ߽‫⁁ࠫ࠶ࠛޔ‬ᘒߪ࠻ࡐࡠࠫࠞ࡞ߦ଻⼔ߐࠇߡ߅ࠅ቟ቯߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ട߃ߡࡆࠬࡑࠬ⭯⤑♽ߢߪ‫ޔ‬
ߘߩ․ᓽ⊛ߥࡃࡦ࠼᭴ㅧߩᏫ⚿ߣߒߡࠛ࠶ࠫ⁁ᘒߩଚ౉㐳߇ᭂ߼ߡ⍴޿ߎߣࠍ␜ߒߚ‫⁁ࠫ࠶ࠛߪࠇߎޕ‬ᘒߩ᷹ⷰ࡮ᠲ૞߇
ᓥ᧪ߩ♽ࠃࠅ߽ኈᤃߦⴕ߃ࠆߣ޿߁ታ㛎⊛ߥ᦭↪ᕈࠍ␜ໂߔࠆ‫ޕ‬

44ŊŔŔő χȜ·ΏοΛί!

 ‫ޟ‬૧႗࡙ܳͥ͢ͅນ࿂‫ٮ‬࿂Θͼ΢η·Αࡄ‫͈ݪ‬ജབȷᣣᤨ㧦 ᐕ㧢᦬  ᣣ ㊄㧕႐ᚲ㧦᧲੩ᄢቇ‛ᕈ⎇ⓥᚲᧄ㙚㧢㓏ᄢ⻠⟵ቶឭ᩺⠪㧦᧻ᧄ ศᵏ㧔੩ᄢ㒮ℂ㧕ቬ௝ ೑᣿㧔㒋ᄢ㒮ℂ㧕ᅏጊ  ᒄ㧔੩ᄢ㒮ℂ㧕ዊ᫪ ᢥᄦ㧔᧲ᄢ‛ᕈ⎇㧕ା  ᷕ㧔᧲ᄢ‛ᕈ⎇㧕 ⴫㕙࡮⇇㕙ߦ߅ߌࠆ㔚⩄⒖േ࡮ャㅍ‫ޔ‬ൻቇ෻ᔕߩ࠳ࠗ࠽ࡒࠢࠬߦߪ‫ߥ߹ߑ߹ߐޔ‬ബ⿠⁁ᘒ߇㑐ਈߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޔߡߒߘޕ‬㔚ሶ㑆ᢔੂ߿㔚ሶߣේሶᩭㆇേߩ⚿ว߇㑐ࠊࠆബ⿠⁁ᘒߩ↢⿠࡮ᄬᵴߩࠃ߁ߥ㕖ᢿᾲㆊ⒟ࠍᓸⷞ⊛ߦ⸃᣿ߔࠆߎߣ߇‫ߩߘޔ‬ℂ⸃ߦߪਇนᰳߣߥߞߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ㄭᐕ‫ޔ‬㜞ノᐲ᡼኿శ߿⿥⍴ࡄ࡞ࠬ࡟࡯ࠩ࡯ߩ⊒㆐ߦ઻޿‫ᤨߥ߹ߑ߹ߐޔ‬㑆㗔ၞߩ㜞ᐲߥಽ
శᴺ߇㐿⊒ߐࠇ‫⴫߇ࠇߘޔ‬㕙࡮⇇㕙ߦ߅ߌࠆ࠳ࠗ࠽ࡒ࠶ࠢࠬ⎇ⓥߦᔕ↪ߐࠇߪߓ߼ߡ޿ࠆ‫ޔߚ߹ޕ‬ℂ⺰⊛ߦ߽╙৻ේℂ⸘
▚ߦ߅ߌࠆ࿕ᶧ⇇㕙ߩ⸥ㅀߩቯᑼൻ߿ബ⿠⁁ᘒ߳ߩዷ㐿ߥߤߩ㘧べ⊛ߥㅴᱠ߇޽ࠆ‫⃻ޔߦ߁ࠃߩߎޕ‬࿷‫⴫ޔ‬㕙࡮⇇㕙ߦ߅ߌࠆ࠳ࠗ࠽ࡒ࠶ࠢࠬߩ⎇ⓥࠍℂ⺰࡮ታ㛎ߩਔ㕙߆ࠄ㓸ਛ⊛ߦขࠅ⚵ߺ‫ޔ‬㕖ᢿᾲㆊ⒟ࠍࠃࠅ⛔৻⊛ߦℂ⸃ߢ߈ࠆᲑ㓏ߣߥߞߡ߈ߚ‫ߥ߁ࠃߩߎޔߡߒߘޕ‬ᓸⷞ⊛ℂ⸃ߩㅴዷߪනߦቇⴚ⊛ߥᚑᨐߛߌߢߥߊ‫ࠍࠇߘޔ‬ᔕ↪ߒߚశ⸅ᇦ‫ޔ‬ᄥ㓁㔚ᳰ‫᦭ޔ‬ᯏ࠺ࡃࠗࠬߥߤߩ㐿⊒ߦ߽ᄢ߈ߊᵄ෸ߔࠆߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆ‫⎇ᧄޔߢߎߘޕ‬ⓥળߢߪ‫⴫ޔ‬㕙࡮⇇㕙ߦ߅ߌࠆബ⿠⁁ᘒߦ㑐ᔃࠍᜬߟ⎇ⓥ⠪߇㓸߹ࠅ‫⴫ޔ‬㕙⇇㕙࠳ࠗ࠽ࡒࠢࠬ⎇ⓥߩ዁᧪ࠍዷᦸߔࠆߎߣࠍ⋡⊛ߣߒߡ⎇ⓥળࠍ㐿௅ߒߚ‫ޕ‬એਅߩࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ
ߦߘߞߡ 15 ઙߩ⻠Ṷ߇޽ࠅ‫ޔ‬40 ฬ޽߹ࠅߩෳട⠪߇ᵴ⊒ߥ⸛⺰ࠍⴕ޿‫੹ޔ‬ᓟߩ⎇ⓥߩᣇะᕈߦߟ޿ߡ᦭ᗧ⟵ߥ⼏⺰߇ߢ߈ߚ‫ޕ‬ࡊ ࡠ ࠣ ࡜ ࡓ
09:20-09:30  ᧻ᧄ ศᵏ㧔੩ᄢ㒮ℂ㧕㧦ߪߓ߼ߦ
09:30-09:50  ᷰㆻ ৻਽㧔੩ᄢ㒮ℂ㧕㧦⿥㜞ㅦ㕖✢ᒻಽశߦࠃࠆ⴫㕙ๆ⌕⒳ߩ࠳ࠗ࠽ࡒࠢࠬ
09:50-10:10  ਄⠀  ᒄ㧔ንጊᄢ㒮ℂᎿ㧕㧦ࡈࠚࡓ࠻⑽࡟࡯ࠩബ⿠ߦࠃࠆ⴫㕙ๆ⌕ሶ࠳ࠗ࠽ࡒ࠶ࠢࠬߩℂ⺰
10:10-10:30  ㊄  ᦭ᵟ㧔ℂ⎇㧕㧦State-resolved study of molecular diffusion
10:30-10:50  㜞ጟ  Პ㧔᧲ർᄢᄙర⎇㧕㧦⿥㖸ㅦಽሶ✢ࠍ↪޿ߚ⴫㕙ๆ⌕ಽሶߦߪߚࠄߊ៺ᡂߩ⎇ⓥ
10:50-11:00 㧨ભᙑ㧪
11:00-11:15  ᧻↰  Ꭿ㧔‛ᕈ⎇㧕㧦㜞ノᐲエ X ✢ߦࠃࠆశ㔚ሶᝄേಽశߩᤨ㑆ಽ⸃᷹ቯߦะߌߡ
11:15-11:30  ା  ᷕ㧔‛ᕈ⎇㧕㧦ๆ⌕ㆊ⒟ߦ߅ߌࠆಽሶߩㆊᷰ⊛⴫㕙᜛ᢔ
11:30-11:50  ၴ఺ ৻ᚑ㧔᧲ᄢ㒮Ꮏ㧕㧦᳓ࠍోಽ⸃ߔࠆࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯ᄌ឵ဳశ⸅ᇦߩ㐿⊒㧨ᤤ㘩㧪
13:30-13:50  ᧖㊁  ୃ㧔‛ᕈ⎇㧕㧦ബ⿠⁁ᘒ࠳ࠗ࠽ࡒࠢࠬߩ╙৻ේℂ⸘▚ߦะߌߡ
13:50-14:10  ᄢỈ 㓷ବ㧔ർᄢ⸅ᇦ࠮㧕㧦⿒ᄖࡄ࡞ࠬశߦࠃࠆ࿕ᶧ⇇㕙ߩ✭๺࠳ࠗ࠽ࡒࠢࠬߩㅊ〔
14:10-14:30  ㄭ⮮  ኡ㧔ᘮᔕᄢℂᎿ㧕㧦᡼኿శౝᲖಽశߦࠃࠆ⇇㕙ߢߩࡊࡠ࠻ࡦ⒖േ߅ࠃ߮㔚⩄⒖േߩ⎇ⓥ
45

14:30-14:50  ᅏጊ  ᒄ㧔੩ᄢ㒮ℂ㧕
㧦࠻ࡦࡀ࡞㔚ሶߦ⺃⿠ߐࠇߚࡊࡠ࠻ࡦ࠳ࠗ࠽ࡒࠢࠬ
14:50-15:10  ዊ᫪ ᢥᄦ㧔‛ᕈ⎇㧕㧦Ge(001)⴫㕙ߦ߅ߌࠆࡎ࡯࡞ዪ࿷ߦࠃࠆ࠳ࠗࡑ࡯ᝄേബ⿠
15:10-15:20 㧨ભᙑ㧪
15:20-15:40  ቬ௝ ೑᣿㧔㒋ᄢ㒮ℂ㧕㧦ๆ⌕ಽሶߩ㔚ሶബ⿠⁁ᘒ࠳ࠗ࠽ࡒࠢࠬ
15:40-16:00  ⸃⦟  ⡡㧔ජ⪲ᄢ㒮Ⲣว㧕㧦᦭ᯏඨዉ૕ಽሶ⭯⤑ߩ㔚⩄࠳ࠗ࠽ࡒࠢࠬ
16:00-16:20  ጊਅ ᤩ৻㧔᧲ᄢ㒮Ꮏ㧕㧦⴫㕙࡮⇇㕙ߩ㔚ሶ⁁ᘒߣ㔚ሶャㅍߩℂ⺰
16:20-16:30  ዊ᫪ ᢥᄦ㧔‛ᕈ⎇㧕㧦߹ߣ߼

ġ
ġ

46

ŊŔŔő χȜ·ΏοΛί!

£‫ٮ‬࿂Ωͼഩঊࠏ̤̫ͥͅ૧࡛ય͂໤ၑȷ!
ģőũźŴŪŤŴġŢůťġŏŦŸġőũŦůŰŮŦůŢġŰŧġSĮŦŭŦŤŵųŰůŪŤġŊůŵŦųŧŢŤŦŴģġ

ᣣᤨ㧦 ᐕ㧤᦬  ᣣ ᦬ 㨪 ᐕ㧤᦬  ᣣ ᳓ ႐ᚲ㧦᧲੩ᄢቇ‛ᕈ⎇ⓥᚲᧄ㙚㧢㓏ᄢ⻠⟵ቶ 㪘 ឭ᩺⠪㧦਄㊁ ା㓶㧔ජ⪲ᄢⲢว㧕↰ፉ ⵨ਯ㧔᧲ᄢ‛ᕈ⎇㧕㐳⼱Ꮉ㆐↢㧔↥✚⎇㧕┻⼱ ⚐৻㧔㒋ᄢℂ㧕 ㄭᐕ‫᦭ޔ‬ᯏࡄࠗ㔚ሶ♽᧚ᢱ߿࠽ࡁࠞ࡯ࡏࡦ᧚ᢱߢߪ‫ࠬࠗࡃ࠺ޔ‬ൻᛛⴚߩᕆㅦߥㅴዷߣߣ߽ߦ‫⴫ޔ‬㕙߿⇇㕙ߩ㔚ሶ⃻⽎ࠍ⛔৻⊛ߦℂ⸃ߔࠆߚ߼ߩၮ⋚߇ᒻᚑߐࠇߟߟ޽ࠆ‫ࠗࡄޔߪߢࡊ࠶࡚ࠪࠢ࡯ࡢᧄޕ‬㔚ሶ♽⇇㕙࿕᦭ߩᕈ⾰ࠍ޿߆ߦ᛽಴ߒ‫ޔ‬
ߘߩ‛ℂࠍℂ⸃ߔࠆߩ߆ࠍ࠹࡯ࡑߣߒߡ‫ޔ‬㜞⒎ᐨൻߒߚ⇇㕙ߩ᭴▽ߣ‫⴫ޔ‬㕙࡮⇇㕙ߩᄙᓀߥ⸘᷹࡮ಽశ᷹ቯᛛⴚࠍㆡ↪ߔࠆᦨᣂߩ࠻ࡇ࠶ࠢࠬߦߟ޿ߡ⼏⺰ߒߚ‫ޕ‬ࡢ࡯࡚ࠢࠪ࠶ࡊߪජ⪲ᄢ GCOE‫ޔ⎇✚↥ޔ‬㒋ᄢߣ౒หߢ㐿௅ߐࠇ‫ޔ‬ᄖ࿖ੱ 34 ฬࠍ฽߻ᑧߴ 160 ฬߩ⎇ⓥ⠪߇ෳടߒߚ‫ޕߚࠇࠊⴕߢ⺆⧷ߡߴߔߪ⴫⊒ޕ‬ᄖ࿖ੱ 7 ฬࠍ฽߻╙৻✢ߩ⎇ⓥ⠪ 28 ฬߦࠃࠆଐ㗬࡮᜗ᓙ⻠Ṷ‫ޔ‬18 ઙߩࡐࠬ࠲࡯
࠮࠶࡚ࠪࡦ ߁ߜᄖ࿖ੱ 5 ฬ ߢߪ‫߽ࠇߕ޿ޔ‬ᵴ⊒ߥ⼏⺰߇ⴕࠊࠇߚ‫ޕ‬
ᒰ⹥ಽ㊁ߪ‫ޔ‬ᕆㅦߦᚑ㐳ߒ⛯ߌࠆᣂߒ޿ಽ㊁ߢ޽ࠅ‫ޔ‬ෳടߒߡ޿ࠆ⎇ⓥ⠪ߩࡃ࠶ࠢࠣ࡜࠙ࡦ࠼߽‫⴫ޔ‬㕙⑼ቇ‫ࠬࠗࡃ࠺ޔ‬‛ℂ‫᦭ޔ‬ᯏ࿕૕‛ᕈ╬‫ޔ‬ᄙ⒳ᄙ᭽ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ᣂߒ޿᭎ᔨ‫⎇ޔ‬ⓥᚑᨐ߇Ᏹᤨߢߡ߅ࠅ‫ޔ‬exciting ߥಽ㊁ߢ޽ࠆߎߣࠍᡷ߼ߡౣ
⏕⹺ߒߚ‫ޕ‬ ᦨᓟߦ‫ޔ‬ᶏᄖ߆ࠄᧄࡢ࡯࡚ࠢࠪ࠶ࡊߩߚ߼ߦࠊߑࠊߑᤨ㑆ࠍഀ޿ߡෳടߒߡ޿ߚߛ޿ߚ 5 ੱߩ᜗ᓙ⻠Ṷ⠪‫ޔ‬
V. Podzorov(Rutgers University)‫ޔ‬C. Daniel Frisbie(University of Minnesota)‫ޔ‬Stefan Tautz(Forschungszentrum
Jülich)‫ޔ‬Frank Schreiber(Universitaet Tuebingen)‫ޔ‬Chen Wei(National University of Singapore) ߩ⻉᳁ ᢘ⒓⇛ ߦ‫ޔ‬ߎߩ႐ࠍ୫ࠅߡᗵ⻢ߔࠆ‫ ޕ‬ᢥ⽿ ↰ፉࡊ ࡠ ࠣ ࡜ ࡓ
ˍ඾࿒! ˔࠮ 21 ඾Ȫ࠮ȫ!
[Chair: T. Hasegawa]
13:00
Opening(N. Ueno, Chiba Univ.)
13:10
C. D. Frisbie (Univ. of Minnesota)"Scanning Probe Microscopy of Ultrathin Pentacene Films: Epitaxy, Defects, and Energetic Disorder"
13:45

M. Nakamura (Chiba Univ.)"Relationship between HOMO-Band and Crystal Structures in Pentacene Polycrystalline Thin-Films"
Coffee Break (14:10 – 14:40)[Chair: J. Takeya]
14:40
S. Kuroda (Nagoya Univ.)"ESR Observation of Field-Induced Charge Carriers in Organic Transistors"
15:05

T. Hasegawa (AIST)"ESR Study on Charge Dynamics and Distribution of Localized States in Organic Transistors"
47

15:30A. S. Mishchenko (RIKEN)"Distribution of Localized States from the Fine Analyses of Electron Spin Resonance Spectra: Basics of the
Method"Coffee Break (15:55 – 16:25)[Chair: M. Nakamura]
16:25
J. Takeya (Osaka Univ.)"Hall Effect in Field-Effect Transistors of Thin-Film and Single-Crystal Organic Semiconductors"
16:50

H. Okamoto (Univ. of Tokyo)"Ultrafast Exciton and Carrier Dynamics in a Rubrene Single Crystal"
Coffee Break (17:15 – 17:30)

17:30 – 18:30

Poster Preview

ˎ඾࿒! ˔࠮ 22 ඾Ȫ‫غ‬ȫ!
[Chair: S. Kuroda]
9:00
S. Tautz (Forschung. Juelich)"Highly Ordered Molecular Adsorbate Layers on Metal Surfaces: from Surface Science to MolecularElectronics"
9:35

N. Takagi (Univ. of Tokyo)"Spin state, magnetic anisotropy and Kondo effect: Iron(II) phthalocyanine on metal substrates"

10:00

Y. Morikawa (Osaka Univ.)"Theoretical Study of Interfacial Dipoles at Metal/Organic Interfaces"
Coffee Break (10:25 – 10:55)[Chair: Y. Kobozono]
10:55
Y. Iwasa (Tohoku Univ.)"Development of Liquid Gated Transistors"
11:20

H. M. Yamamoto (RIKEN)"Field Effect Transistor Based on an Organic Mott-Insulator"

11:45

S. Ishibashi (AIST)"Computational Approach to Exotic Electronic Properties at Interfaces"
Lunch Break (12:10 – 13:20)[Chair: T. Mori]
13:20
M. Hiramoto (IMS)"Organic p-i-n Solar Cells Incorporating Seven-nine Purified Fullerene"
13:45

H. Tajima (Univ. of Tokyo)"Magnetophotocurrent Effect in Organic Photovoltaic Devices"

14:10

T. Takenobu (Tohoku Univ.)"Interface Control and Light Emission"
Coffee Break (14:35 – 15:05)

48

[Chair: Y. Iwasa]
15:05
Y. Kubozono (Okayama Univ.)"Fabrication of High-Performance Field-Effect Transistors with Aromatic Hydrocarbon Molecules byInterface Control"
15:30

T. Mori (TITEC)"High-Resolution Transparent Carbon Electrodes for Organic Field-Effect Transistors Produced by
Solution Method and Laser Sintering Method and Laser Sintering"
Coffee Break (15:55 – 16:25)[Chair: Y. Morikawa]
16:25
F. Schreiber (Univ. Tuebingen)"High-Resolution Studies of Organic Adsorbates on Metal Crystals using X-ray Standing Waves: Molecular
Distortions and their Implications for Organic Electronics"
17:00

W. Chen (Nat. Univ. of Singapore)"STM and Synchrotron Studies of the Molecule-Substrate Interface"

17:35

N. Ueno (Chiba Univ.)"First Principles Measurement of Hole Mobility in Organic Semiconductors with UPS: Bridging Electronic
States and Electrical Property"

18:10 – 20:00

Banquetˏ඾࿒! ˔࠮ 23 ඾Ȫକȫ!
[Chair: N. Ueno]
9:00
V. Podzorov (Rutgers Univ.)"Self-Assembled Monolayers on Organic Semiconductors: Characterization, Growth Mechanism, Transportand Optical Properties"
9:35

K. Tajima (Univ. of Tokyo)"Enhanced Charge Transports in Polymer Thin Film Transistors Prepared by Contact Film Transfer
Method"

10:00

K. Saiki (Univ. of Tokyo)"Control of Organic Film Growth by Physical and Chemical Modification of Substrates"
Coffee Break (10:25 – 10:55)[Chair: K. Saiki]
10:55
Y. Kim (RIKEN)"Electronic Structure of a Carbon Nanotube on Various Electrode Surfaces"
11:20

M. Shiraishi (Osaka Univ.)"Transport and Gate-induced Modulation of Pure Spin Current in Single- and Multi-layer Graphene"

11:45

K. Kusakabe (Osaka Univ.)"A theoretical Analysis on Reaction Processes of Carbon Nano-structures with Metal Oxides"

12:10

K. Tsukagoshi (MANA-NIMS)"Band-gap Modulation in Bilayer Graphene"

12:35

Closing (H. Tajima, ISSP)49

εΑΗȜΓΛΏοϋ!
1.

T. Uemura (Osaka Univ.)"Monolithic Complementary Inverters Based on Intrinsic Semiconductors of Organic Single Crystals"

2.

H. Yamane (IMS)"Impact of Geometric Structure on Interface Energetics and Electronic Band Dispersion in Thin Films ofPentacene"

3.

J. Inoue (TITEC)"Organic Field-Effect Transistors with Electrodes Produced from Organic Semiconductors by Laser Irradiation"

4.

S. Tao (Univ. of Tokyo)"Temperature and Excitation Energy Dependence of Ultrafast Dynamics of Photoexcited States in Rubrene Single
Crystals"

5.

S. Shimizu (Univ. of Tokyo)"Mediating Role of Magnesium Substrate in n-Type Doping of Tetrathianaphthacene (TTN)

to Tris-(8-hydroxyquinoline) aluminum (Alq3)"
6.

K. Mukai (Univ. of Tokyo)"The Interaction between F4-TCNQ and the 2-Methylpropene Terminated Si(100) Surface"

7.

Y. Kanamori (Univ. of Tokyo)"Fabrication of Highly Orientated -Sexithiophene Grains on Artificially Patterned Substrates: Graphoepitaxy"

8.

S. Obata (Univ. of Tokyo)"Electrical Properties of Chemically Prepared Graphene"

9.

Q. Wei (Univ. of Tokyo)"Surface-Segregated Monolayers: A New Type of Ordered Monolayer for Surface Modification of Organic
Semiconductors"

10. S. Kera (Chiba Univ.)"Electronic states and spin configuration of Mn-phthalocyanine films"
11. T. Nishi (Chiba Univ.)"Electronic Structure of TNAP on Bismuth (001)"
12. S. Duhm (Chiba Univ.)"Orientation Dependent Ionization Energy of Organic Thin Films: The Role of Intramolecular Polar Bonds"
13. S. Hosoumi (Chiba Univ.)"Hole-vibration coupling in an oriented thin film of Perfluoropentacene"
14. S. Haas (AIST)"High-Performance Dinaphthothienothiophene (DNTT) Single-Crystal Field-Effect Transistors"
15. S. Haas (AIST)"Charge and Field Modulation Spectroscopy on Organic Thin-Film Transistors"
16. H. Matsui (AIST)"Spatially-Resolved Frequency Response Analyses on Organic Thin-Film Transistors”
17. H. Yuan (Tohoku Univ.)"Liquid Gated ZnO Transistor and Its Polarity Selective Operation"
18. J. T. Ye (Tohoku Univ.)"Inducing Superconductivity in Layered Material Based Electronic Double Layer Field Effect Transistors"ġ50໤଻ࡄ‫ݪ‬ਫ਼౴დٛ!

ġດఴȇŒŶĮŵųŢůŴŪŵŪŰůŴįġőũŢŴŦġŵųŢůŴŪŵŪŰůŴġŪůġŵũŦġŲŶŢůŵŶŮġŦųŢįġĩၾঊশయ͈௖ഢ֊Īġ඾শȇĳııĺ ා ĲĲ ࠮ Ĳĳ ඾ĩ࿐Īġ ࡿࢃːশȡġાਫ਼ȇ໤଻ࡄ‫ݪ‬ਫ਼ུ‫ ܁‬ķ ‫ٴ‬ġ ఱ࣒݅৒ȪłķĴĳȫġ
࣒঍ȇőųŰŧįġőŪŦųŴġńŰŭŦŮŢůġ
ਫ਼௺ȇœŶŵŨŦųŴġŖůŪŷŦųŴŪŵźĭġŏŦŸġŋŦųŴŦźĭġŖŔłġ
ါকȇġ
Physicists are often so awestruck by the lofty achievements of the past, we end up thinking all the big stuff is done,
which blinds us to the revolutions ahead. We are still firmly in the throws of the quantum revolution that began ahundred years ago. Quantum gravity, quantum computers, qu-bits and quantum phase transitions, aremanifestations of this ongoing revolution. Nowhere is this more so, than in the evolution of our understanding of thecollective properties of quantum matter.
Fifty years ago, physicists were profoundly shaken by the discovery of universal power-law correlations atclassical second-order phase transitions. Today, interest has shifted to Quantum Phase Transitions: phasetransitions at absolute zero driven by the violent jiggling of quantum zero-point motion. Quantum, or Qu-transitions
have been observed in ferromagnets, helium-3, ferro-electrics, heavy electron and high temperature superconductors.
Unlike its classical counterpart, a quantum critical point is a kind of "black hole" in the materials phase diagram: asingularity at absolute zero that profoundly influences wide swaths of the material phase diagram at finite
temperature.
I'll talk about some of the novel ideas in this field including "avoided criticality" - the idea that high temperature
superconductivity nucleates about quantum critical points - and the growing indications that electron quasiparticles
break up at a quantum critical point.
ᧄ⺣⹤ળߪ᧲੩ᄢቇ G-COE ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ㧙ᧂ᧪ࠍᜏߊ‛ℂ⑼ቇ⚿㓸ᢎ⢒⎇ⓥ᜚ὐ㧙ߩ G-COE ࠮ࡒ࠽࡯ߣߩ౒௅ߣߥࠅ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ດఴȇŔŕŎ ౙ֚໦ঊ໦࢕ͥ͢ͅນ࿂໦ঊঽ଻͈ౝ॑ġ඾শȇĳııĺ ා Ĳĳ ࠮ ĳĵ ඾ĩ࿐Īġ ࡿࢃ ĵ শȡġાਫ਼ȇ໤଻ࡄ‫ݪ‬ਫ਼ུ‫ ܁‬ķ ‫ٴ‬ġ ఱ࣒݅৒ȪłķĴĳȫġ
࣒঍ȇࣞ࿐ġ ‫ྶܮ‬ġਫ਼௺ȇ൐‫ނ‬ఱ‫ڠ‬ఱ‫֭ڠ‬૧ႀ֖஻଼‫شݪࡄڠش‬໤ৗࠏġါকȇġ ⿛ᩏ࠻ࡦࡀ࡞㗼ᓸ㏜ STM ߪ‫ޔ‬ේሶ࡟ࡌ࡞ߢߩ᭴ㅧⷰኤߛߌߢߥߊ‫࡞ࡀࡦ࠻ޔ‬ಽశ STS ߦࠃࠆ㔚ሶ⁁ᘒߩ⸘᷹߿࠻
ࡦࡀ࡞㔚ሶߩ㕖ᒢᕈㆊ⒟ࠍ೑↪ߒߡᝄേࠬࡍࠢ࠻࡞߿࠯࡯ࡑࡦಽⵚߩ⸘᷹߇ߢ߈ࠆߎߣ߆ࠄ‫⴫ޔ‬㕙࡮⇇㕙ࠍਛᔃߦ‛⾰⑼ቇ⎇ⓥߢߪᔅ㗇ߩ࠷࡯࡞ߣߥߞߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ STM 㕖ᒢᕈ࠻ࡦࡀ࡞ಽశ IETS ߦߟ޿ߡ◲නߦ⚫੺ߒߚᓟ‫ޟޔ‬࿕૕⴫㕙ߦ߅޿ߡ⏛ᕈಽሶߩ⏛᳇⊛ᕈ⾰ߪߤ߁ߥࠆ
߆㧫‫⇼ߥᧉ⚛߁޿ߣޠ‬໧߆ࠄᆎ߼ࠄࠇߚᦨㄭߩ⎇ⓥߦߟ޿ߡㅀߴࠆ‫ޕ‬㊄ዻ⴫㕙ߦๆ⌕ߒߚ㋕ࡈ࠲ࡠࠪࠕ࠾ࡦಽሶߦߟ޿ߡ‫ޔ‬‫ޟ‬ๆ⌕ߦࠃࠆ⏛᳇⇣ᣇᕈߩࠬࠗ࠶࠴ࡦࠣ‫ޟߣޠ‬2 ᰴరㄭ⮮ᩰሶߣߘߩ㔚ሶ⋧‫ ߩޔޠ‬2 ߟ⹤㗴ࠍ⃻࿷ㅴⴕਛߩ⚿ᨐࠍ฽߼ߡ
⚫੺ߔࠆ‫ޕ‬51ດఴȇ಼ഥ൵ഩ‫ܨ‬ٝႹ̤̫ͥͅζͼ·υ෨ၾঊ࢕‫ڠ‬ġ඾শȇĳıĲı ා Ĳ ࠮ ĳĹ ඾ĩ࿐Īġ ࡿࢃ ĵ শȡġાਫ਼ȇ໤଻ࡄ‫ݪ‬ਫ਼ུ‫ ܁‬ķ ‫ٴ‬ġ ఱ࣒݅৒ȪłķĴĳȫġ
࣒঍ȇಎఆġ ణ૞ġਫ਼௺ȇ඾ུഩ‫ڼܨ‬৆ٛ২΢Φ΀τ·ΠυΣ·Αࡄ‫ݪ‬ਫ਼ġါকȇġ⿥વዉ㔚᳇࿁〝ਛߢߪ‫⿥ޔ‬વዉࠡࡖ࠶ࡊߩߚ߼ߦૐࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯ബ⿠ߦࠃࠆᢔㅺ߇ᛥ೙ߐࠇ‫ޔ‬㔚⏛᳇⊛ബ⿠ࡕ࡯࠼ߩ㊂ሶൻ߇㗼࿷ߔࠆ‫ޕ‬㜞޿ Q ୯ࠍᜬߟ✢ᒻ౒ᝄ࿁〝߇ߘߩ৻଀ߢ޽ࠆ‫৻ޕ‬ᣇ‫ࡦ࠰ࡈ࠮࡚ࠫޔ‬ലᨐߩ߽ߚࠄߔᄢ߈ߥ㕖✢ᒻᕈࠍ೑↪ߔࠆߎߣߦࠃࠅ‫ޔ‬㕖⺞๺⊛ߥബ⿠ࡕ࡯࠼ࠍታ⃻ߔࠆߎߣ߽ߢ߈ࠆ‫⿥ޕ‬વዉ㊂ሶࡆ࠶࠻ߣߒߡ↪޿ࠄࠇࠆ㊂ሶ 2 Ḱ૏♽ߪߘߩઍ⴫଀ߢ޽ࠅ‫ੱࠍࠇߎޔ‬Ꮏේሶߣߺߥߔߎߣ߽ߢ߈ࠆ‫ੱߩߎޕ‬Ꮏේሶ‫౒ޔ‬ᝄ࿁〝‫⿥ߪߦࠄߐޔ‬વዉવㅍ✢〝ਛߩવ᠞ࡕ࡯࠼ߩ⚵ߺวࠊߖࠍ↪޿ߡ‫ࡠࠢࠗࡑޔ‬ᵄ㗔ၞߢߩ㊂ሶశቇታ㛎߇น⢻ߣߥࠆ‫ੱޕ‬Ꮏේሶߩᄢ߈ߥ෺ᭂሶ⢻₸ߣ⿥વዉ࿁〝ߦ߅ߌࠆ㔚⏛႐ࡕ࡯࠼ߩⓨ㑆⊛㐽ߓㄟ߼ߩߚ߼ߦਔ⠪ߩ⚿ว߇㕖Ᏹߦᄢ߈ߊߥࠅ‫ޔ‬ᓥ᧪ߩේሶࠍ↪޿ߚ㊂ሶశቇታ㛎ߢߪ࿎㔍ߢ޽ߞߚ⃻⽎߇ᰴ‫ߣޘ‬ታ⃻ߒߡ޿ࠆ‫⻠ᧄޕ‬Ṷߢߪᦨㄭߩታ㛎଀ࠍ⚫੺ߔࠆ‫ޕ‬52໤଻ࡄ‫ݪ‬ਫ਼Γη΢Ȝ!

ດఴȇၑაΓη΢ȜȇŘũŢŵġŪŴġŵũŦġŉŢŭťŢůŦġŨŢűġűũŢŴŦŀġ඾শȇĳııĺ ා Ĳı ࠮ ĳ ඾ĩ߄Īġ ࡿࢃːশȡࡿࢃˑশġાਫ਼ȇ໤଻ࡄ‫ݪ‬ਫ਼ུ‫ ܁‬ķ ‫ٴ‬ġ ల Ķ Γη΢Ȝ৒ȪłķĲĶȫġ
࣒঍ȇ؋୼ġ ୃ‫ܧ‬ġਫ਼௺ȇ൐‫ނ‬ఱ‫ڠ‬໤଻ࡄ‫ݪ‬ਫ਼ġါকȇġAlthough there is no local order parameter for the Haldane gap phase, it is separated from a trivial disorderedphase by a quantum phase transition. We attribute this to a topological order in the Haldane gap phase.
However, the question still remains: what exactly is the topological order? First, we revisit existing
characterizations of the topological order in terms of a hidden Z 2 x Z2 symmetry breaking, and of edge states. We
find a fundamental difference between odd- and even-S Haldane gap phases.
Furthermore, we introduce a novel characterization of the topological order in terms of an intrinsic parity withrespect to inversion. Each characterization shows the robustness of the topological order in the presence of an
appropriate symmetry. In particular, the “intrinsic parity” protects the topological order as long as the system isinvariant under inversion about a center of bond, even when the hidden symmetry breaking and edge states fail tocharacterize the Haldane gap phase.
Reference:
F. Pollmann, E. Berg, A. M. Turner, and M. O., arXiv:0909.4059
http://jp.arxiv.org/abs/0909.4059

ດఴȇ༶ৣ࢕Γη΢ȜȇŔŶųŧŢŤŦġŎŢŨůŰůġŔŵŶťŪŦŴġţźġŔűŪůĮőŰŭŢųŪŻŦťġņŭŦŤŵųŰůġņůŦųŨźġōŰŴŴġŔűŦŤŵųŰŴŤŰűźġ
඾শȇĳııĺ ා Ĳı ࠮ Ķ ඾ĩ࠮Īġ ࡿࢃ Ĳ শ Ĵı ໦ȡࡿࢃ ĳ শ Ĵı ໦ġાਫ਼ȇ໤଻ࡄ‫ݪ‬ਫ਼ུ‫ ܁‬ķ ‫ٴ‬ġ ఱ࣒݅৒ȪłķĴĳȫġ
࣒঍ȇőųŰŧįġŋįġŌŪųŴŤũůŦųġ
ਫ਼௺ȇŎŢŹĮőŭŢůŤŬĮŊůŴŵŪŵŶŵŦġŧ½ųġŎŪŬųŰŴŵųŶŬŵŶųűũźŴŪŬĭġňŦųŮŢůźġ
ါকȇġThe spin wave spectra of surfaces and ultrathin films in the range of large wave vectors and large energies arelargely unexplored. Neither Brillouin light scattering can be used because of insufficient wave vector of the photons
or too low scattering cross section of the neutrons, respectively. By contrast Spin-Polarized Electron Energy Loss
Spectroscopy (SPEELS) has high surface sensitivity and the scattered electrons can have large energy loss and large
wave vector transfer.
 The angle resolved scattered intensity of an incident electron beam with spin polarization parallel and antiparallelto the magnetization of the ferromagnetic film is measured. We show that spin wave loss peaks can be observed with
SPEELS up to the surface Brillouin zone boundary. They are visible as pronounced peaks in the intensity spectrum
for incident minority spin electrons. This is demonstrated for an 8 monolayer thick Co film on Cu(001). Te measured
spin wave energy at the zone boundary is about 270meV. The spin wave loss peaks are strongly damped at large
energies by the Stoner excitation continuum. Majority spin electrons absorb magnons and therefore lead to energy
gain peaks in the spectrum.
53ດఴȇ࣭ष಼‫ޑ‬ঽા‫ݪࡄڠش‬ঔ୭Γη΢Ȝġ඾শȇĳııĺ ා Ĳı ࠮ ķ ඾ĩ‫غ‬Īġ ࡿஜ Ĳı শȡࡿࢃˌশġાਫ਼ȇ໤଻ࡄ‫ݪ‬ਫ਼ུ‫ ܁‬ķ ‫ٴ‬ġ ల ĳ Γη΢Ȝ৒ȪłķĲĳĪġ
࣒঍ȇőųŰŧįġŉŢųŬġŉŰŦġŕŢůġ
ਫ਼௺ȇŕũŦġłŶŴŵųŢŭŪŢůġŏŢŵŪŰůŢŭġŖůŪŷŦųŴŪŵźġ
ါকȇġ
Semiconductor Quantum Dots and Nanowires for Optoelectronic Applicationsດఴȇಎ଻ঊΓη΢ȜȇœŦŤŦůŵġŵŰűŪŤŴġŰŧġŨŭŢŴŴŦŴġŢůťġŴŶűŦųŤŰŰŭŦťġŭŪŲŶŪťŴġ
඾শȇĳııĺ ා Ĳı ࠮ Ĳķ ඾ĩ߄Īġ ࡿࢃ ĵ শȡࡿࢃˑশ Ķı ໦ġાਫ਼ȇ໤଻ࡄ‫ݪ‬ਫ਼ུ‫ ܁‬ķ ‫ٴ‬ġ ల Ķ Γη΢Ȝ৒ȪłķĲĶȫġ
ါকȇġ
Program
16:00-16:50
Austen C. Angell (Arizona State University)
A 'big picture' for the thermodynamics of molecular and network glasses
16:50-17:20
K. Ishii and H. Nakayama (Gakushuin University)
Liquid-liquid structural relaxation in supercooled liquid state of ethylbenzene and related compounds.
17:20-17:50
O. Yamamuro and S. Tatsumi (ISSP, University of Tokyo)
Glass transitions and low-energy excitations of vapor-deposited simple molecular glassesດఴȇၑაΓη΢ȜȇłġŤŰŮŮŶŵŢŵŪŷŦġŢŭŨŦţųŢġŰůġťŦŨŦůŦųŢŵŦġńőşĲġŢůťġŎŢŤťŰůŢŭťġűŰŭźůŰŮŪŢŭŴġ
඾শȇĳııĺ ා Ĳı ࠮ ĳĴ ඾ĩ߄Īġ ࡿࢃ ĵ শȡࡿࢃ Ķ শġાਫ਼ȇ໤଻ࡄ‫ݪ‬ਫ਼ུ‫ ܁‬ķ ‫ٴ‬ġ ల Ķ Γη΢Ȝ৒ȪłķĲĶȫġ
࣒঍ȇฒ୞ġ ੕֚ġਫ਼௺ȇ൐‫ނ‬ఱ‫ڠ‬ఱ‫֭ڠ‬ତၑ‫شݪࡄڠش‬ġါকȇġ
We introduce a unital associative algebra A over degenerate CP^1. We show that A is a commutative algebra andwhose Poincare series is given by the number of partitions. Thereby we can regard A as a smooth degeneration limitof the elliptic algebra introduced by one of the authors and Odesskii. Then we study the commutative family of the
Macdonald difference operators acting on the space of symmetric functions. A canonical basis is proposed for thisfamily by using A and the Heisenberg representation of the commutative family. It is found that the Ding-Iohara
algebra provides us with an algebraic framework for the free field construction. An elliptic deformation of ourconstruction is discussed, showing connections with the Drinfeld quasi-Hopf twisting a la Babelon Bernard Billey,
the Ruijsenaars difference operator and the operator M(q,t_1,t_2) of Okounkov-Pandharipande.

54ດఴȇၑაͼϋέ΁ȜζσΓη΢ȜȇŎŰůŵŦġńŢųŭŰġŢűűųŰŢŤũġŵŰġŵųŢůŴűŰųŵġŢůťġůŰůĮŦŲŶŪŭŪţųŪŶŮġűųŰţŭŦŮŴġ
඾শȇĳııĺ ා Ĳı ࠮ ĳĺ ඾ĩ࿐Īġ ࡿࢃ ĵ শȡࡿࢃ Ķ শġાਫ਼ȇ໤଻ࡄ‫ݪ‬ਫ਼ུ‫ ܁‬ķ ‫ٴ‬ġ ల Ĵ Γη΢Ȝ৒ȪłķĲĴĪġ
࣒঍ȇőũŪŭŪűűġŘŦųůŦųġ
ਫ਼௺ȇŊůŴŵŪŵŶŵŦġŧŰųġŕũŦŰųŦŵŪŤŢŭġőũźŴŪŤŴĭġņŕŉġ
ါকȇġI will discuss the implementation of the diagrammatic Monte Carlo technique on the L-shaped Keldysh contour.
This machinery will be applied to quantum dots and used as an impurity solver in non-equilibrium DMFT
calculations. Specifically, I will present results on the current-voltage characteristics of the Anderson impurity
model and on the relaxation dynamics of the Hubbard model after a sudden change in the interaction strength.

ດఴȇၑაͼϋέ΁ȜζσΓη΢ȜȇņŭŦŤŵųŰůġ őŰŭŢųŪŻŢţŪŭŪŵźġ Űŧġ ńųźŴŵŢŭŭŪůŦġ ŔŰŭŪťŴġ Ūůġ ŒŶŢůŵŪŻŪůŨġ ŎŢŨůŦŵŪŤġ
ŇŪŦŭťŴġŢůťġŕŰűŰŭŰŨŪŤŢŭġňŢűġŏŶŮţŦųŴġ
඾শȇĳııĺ ා ĲĲ ࠮ ĵ ඾ĩକĪġ ࡿࢃ ĵ শȡࡿࢃ Ķ শġાਫ਼ȇ໤଻ࡄ‫ݪ‬ਫ਼ུ‫ ܁‬ķ ‫ٴ‬ġ ల Ķ Γη΢Ȝ৒ȪłķĲĶȫġ
࣒঍ȇŕũŪţŢŶŵġŋŰůŤŬũŦŦųŦġ
ਫ਼௺ȇńŦůŵųŦġťŦġőũźŴŪŲŶŦġŕũŦŰųŪŲŶŦĭġńŏœŔĭġŇųŢůŤŦġ
ါকȇġ
I will present a theory of the static electron polarizability of crystals whose energy spectrum is modified byquantizing magnetic fields. I will show that the polarizability is strongly affected by nondissipative Hall currents
induced by the presence of crossed electric and magnetic fields:these can even change its sign. I will illustrate theresults in detail for a two-dimensional square lattice. A important consequence is that the polarizability and theHall conductivity are, respectively, linked to the two topological quantum numbers entering the so-called
Diophantine equation. These numbers could in principle be detected in actual experiments. Work done incollaboration with P. Streda and T. Martin.
Reference㧦P. Streda, T. Jonckheere and T. Martin,
Phys. Rev. Lett. 100, 146804 (2008)
http://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevLett.100.146804

ດఴȇ૧໤ৗΓη΢ȜȇŉŪŨũĮŧŪŦŭťġņŭŦŤŵųŰůġŔűŪůġœŦŴŰůŢůŤŦġŪůġŒŶŢůŵŶŮġŔűŪůġŔźŴŵŦŮŴġ
඾শȇĳııĺ ා ĲĲ ࠮ Ķ ඾ĩ࿐Īġ ࡿࢃˏশȡࡿࢃːশġાਫ਼ȇ໤଻ࡄ‫ݪ‬ਫ਼ུ‫ ܁‬ķ ‫ٴ‬ġ ల Ķ Γη΢Ȝ৒ȪłķĲĶȫġ
࣒঍ȇŅųįġŔŦųŨŦŪġśŷźŢŨŪůġ
ਫ਼௺ȇŅųŦŴťŦůġŉŪŨũġŎŢŨůŦŵŪŤġŇŪŦŭťġōŢţŰųŢŵŰųźġĩŉōŅĪġœŦŴŦŢųŤũġńŦůŵŦųĭġŅųŦŴťŦůġ
ါকȇġ
In this presentation I will review our recent results obtained in low-dimensional and frustrated spin systems
using high-field Electron Spin Resonance (ESR) at the National High Magnetic Laboratory, Tallahassee, USA, andthe Dresden High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Germany. It includes the observation of the sine-Gordon behaviour ofmagnetic excitations in quantum spin-chain material Cu-PM, observation of the two-magnon bound states in the
new candidate for the magnon Bose-Einstein condensation (BEC) NiCl2-4SC(NH2)2 (known as DTN),
antiferromagnetic resonance in the frustrated hexagonal multiferroic material YMnO3, observation of the excitation
spectrum in the spin-ladder material BPCB and others. The talk will give also a brief introduction into the recent
development of the high-field ESR program at the High Magnetic Field Laboratory in Dresden.

55ດఴȇၑაΓη΢ȜȇŅŶŢŭŪŵźġłůŢŭźŴŪŴġŧŰųġŔűŪůġňŭŢŴŴŦŴġ
඾শȇĳııĺ ා ĲĲ ࠮ ķ ඾ĩ߄Īġ ࡿࢃːশȡࡿࢃˑশġાਫ਼ȇ໤଻ࡄ‫ݪ‬ਫ਼ུ‫ ܁‬ķ ‫ٴ‬ġ ల Ķ Γη΢Ȝ৒ȪłķĲĶȫġ
࣒঍ȇఱ‫۾‬ġ ૯෗ġਫ਼௺ȇ൐‫ުࢥނ‬ఱ‫ڠ‬ఱ‫֭ڠ‬ၑࢥ‫شݪࡄڠ‬໤଻໤ၑ‫ࢲ୺ڠ‬ġါকȇġWe review recent results on spin glasses using duality arguments. Spin glasses have a poorly-understood frozen
phase that can be seen as "ordered in time but disordered in space". Although spin glasses are relatively wellunderstood on a mean-field level, there is little consensus on the nature of the spin-glass state in finite dimensions
and real materials. Investigations for spin glasses in finite dimensions rely mainly on numerical studies because
there are few analytical methods that work in finite space dimensions. A step towards a deeper understanding ofspin glasses is to develop analytical methods that allow one to obtain exact or very precise estimates forcharacteristic quantities, such as critical parameters to support and judge the reliability of numerical techniques.
Recently, we developed a duality analysis using renormalization group techniques, which is known to deliver theexact location of the critical point for non-random spin systems.
In this talk I review recent results central to the study of spin glasses using duality arguments. First, we
determine the precise location of the multicritical point as a benchmark of the method. Furthermore, we obtain thefirst analytical evidence for the absence of a finite-temperature spin-glasses transition in two-dimensional systems.
Second, we estimate the slope of the phase boundary which represents the decay of the ferromagnetic phase due torandomness. This shows that the general result by Eytan Domany on the slope of the phase boundary [J. Phys. C 12,
L119 (1979)], commonly used as a benchmark for numerical approximations, is not universal.

ດఴȇ༶ৣ࢕Γη΢Ȝȇġ ༶ৣ࢕ͬঀ̹̽ນ࿂Ȇ‫ٮ‬࿂฽؊͈ࡄ‫͈ࢃࣽ͂ે࡛͈ݪ‬ജ‫ٳ‬ġ඾শȇĳııĺ ා ĲĲ ࠮ ĺ ඾ĩ࠮Īġ ࡿࢃˎশȡࡿࢃˏশġાਫ਼ȇ໤଻ࡄ‫ݪ‬ਫ਼ུ‫ ܁‬ķ ‫ٴ‬ġ ల ĵ Γη΢Ȝ৒ȪłķĲĵĪġ
࣒঍ȇ߃൥ġ ۘġਫ਼௺ȇࠄᑄ݅ੂఱ‫ڠ‬ၑࢥ‫ڠ‬໐ġါকȇġ᡼኿శࠍ૶ߞߚಽశᴺߪ⴫㕙࡮⇇㕙ߢ⿠ߎࠆൻቇ෻ᔕࠍ⺞ߴࠆ㆏ౕߣߒߡ㕖Ᏹߦ᦭↪ߢ޽ࠆ߇‫ޔ‬หᤨߦߐࠄߦ᏷ᐢ޿ᔕ
↪ࠍዷ㐿ߔࠆ߁߃ߢᅹߍߣߥߞߡ޿ࠆᰳὐ߽޽ࠆ‫⴫ޕ‬㕙࡮⇇㕙෻ᔕ⎇ⓥߦ߅ߌࠆ᡼኿శಽశߩ᦭↪ᕈࠍᢛℂߒߚ߁߃ߢ‫ޔ‬੹ᓟ‫ߥ߁ࠃߩߘޔ‬ᰳὐࠍ⵬޿ߟߟ‫ߥ߁ࠃߩߤޔ‬ᣇะ߳ߩ⊒ዷ߇น⢻߆ߦߟ޿ߡ⠨߃ߡߺߚ޿‫ޔߦ․ޕ‬㔓࿐᳇೙ᓮਅߢⴕ߁
ᤨ㑆ಽ⸃ታ㛎ߩน⢻ᕈߦߟ޿ߡ⼏⺰ߔࠆ‫ޕ‬56

ດఴȇ༶ৣ࢕Γη΢Ȝȇġ শ‫ۼ‬໦ٜ඲˴஌໦࢕༹ͥ͢ͅນ࿂‫ڠا‬Θͼ΢η·Αࡄ‫͈ݪ‬ജ‫ٳ‬ġ඾শȇĳııĺ ා ĲĲ ࠮ ĺ ඾ĩ࠮Īġ ࡿࢃˏশȡġાਫ਼ȇ໤଻ࡄ‫ݪ‬ਫ਼ུ‫ ܁‬ķ ‫ٴ‬ġ ల ĵ Γη΢Ȝ৒ȪłķĲĵĪġ
࣒঍ȇ५ུġ ోġਫ਼௺ȇ൐‫ނ‬ఱ‫ڠ‬໤଻ࡄ‫ݪ‬ਫ਼ܴൽ༶ৣ໤଻ࡄ‫ݪ‬ঔ୭෥ཹ໦৒ġါকȇġ⸅ᇦ෻ᔕࠍೋ߼ߣߒߚ⴫㕙ൻቇ෻ᔕࠍℂ⸃ߔࠆߚ߼ߦߪ‫⴫ޔ‬㕙ߩ᭴ㅧ࡮㔚ሶ⁁ᘒߩߺߥࠄߕ⴫㕙ๆ⌕⒳ߣߩ⋧੕૞↪‫ޔ‬ߘߒߡߎࠇࠄࠍㅢߒߚ෻ᔕ⚛ㆊ⒟ߩ࠳ࠗ࠽ࡒࠢࠬࠍ᣿ࠄ߆ߦߔࠆᔅⷐ߇޽ࠆ‫⿥ߚ޿↪ࠍ࡯ࠩ࡯࡟⑽࠻ࡓࠚࡈޕ‬㜞ㅦಽశߩ⊒ዷߦࠃࠅ‫ޔ‬࿕૕⴫㕙ߢߩේሶ߿ಽሶߩ᜛ᢔ࡮⣕㔌╬ߩ෻ᔕ࠳ࠗ࠽ࡒࠢࠬࠍࡇࠦ⑽એਅߩᤨ㑆ಽ⸃⢻ߢ᷹ⷰߔࠆߎߣ߇ታ
⃻ߐࠇߚ‫⃻ޔߒ߆ߒޕ‬࿷ᓧࠄࠇࠆ⿥⍴ࡄ࡞ࠬ࡟࡯ࠩ࡯ߩࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯㗔ၞߪਥߦ⿒ᄖ޽ࠆ޿ߪนⷞ㗔ၞߢ޽ࠅ‫ⷰޔ‬᷹ߢ߈ࠆ⃻⽎ߦߪ೙㒢߇޽ࠆ‫৻ޕ‬ᣇ‫ޔ‬᡼኿శߩࡄ࡞ࠬᤨ㑆᭴ㅧࠍ೑↪ߒߚ㨄✢㗔ၞߢߩᤨ㑆ಽ⸃᷹ቯ߇ㄭᐕน⢻ߦߥߞߡ߈ߚ‫ᧄޕ‬⻠Ṷߢߪ‫ޔ‬SPring-8 ߦᢛ஻ߐࠇߚ㜞ノᐲ࡮㜞ಽ⸃⢻エ㨄✢ࡆ࡯ࡓ࡜ࠗࡦ BL07LSU ߦ߅޿ߡᓧࠄࠇࠆ⍴ࡄ࡞ࠬ X ✢ߣࡈࠚࡓ࠻⑽࡟࡯ࠩ࡯శࠍ⚵ߺวࠊߖߚࡐࡦࡊ࡮ࡊࡠ࡯ࡉᤨ㑆ಽ⸃శ㔚ሶಽశᴺߦࠃࠅ⴫㕙ൻቇ෻ᔕߩ࠳ࠗ࠽ࡒࠢࠬࠍ⺞ߴࠆ⎇ⓥ଀ߦߟ޿ߡ⚫੺ߒߚ޿‫ޔߦࠄߐޕ‬᳇૕㔓࿐᳇ਅߢశ㔚ሶಽశᴺ߇ⴕ߃ࠆᄢ᳇࿶శ㔚ሶಽశᴺߣ⚵ߺวࠊߖߚᤨ㑆ಽ⸃ᄢ᳇࿶శ㔚ሶಽశᴺࠍ㐿⊒ߒ‫⸅ޔ‬ᇦ෻ᔕࠍ෻ᔕ᧦ઙਅߢ࡝ࠕ࡞࠲ࠗࡓ᷹ⷰߔࠆߎߣࠍ⋡ᜰߔ⎇ⓥឭ᩺ߦߟ޿ߡ߽⚫੺ߒߚ޿‫ޕ‬ດఴȇၑაͼϋέ΁ȜζσΓη΢ȜȇņůŭŢųŨŦťġŔŖĩķĪġŴźŮŮŦŵųźġŰŧġŚŵŵŦųţŪŶŮġ 173 ŚţġŨŢŴŦŴġŢůťġŪŵŴġ ġŤŰůŴŦŲŶŦůŤŦŴġŧŰųġŐűŵŪŤŢŭġŭŢŵŵŪŤŦġŴźŴŵŦŮŴġŢůťġŇŦųųŰŮŢŨůŦŵŪŤġŴŵŢŵŦŴġ
඾শȇĳııĺ ා ĲĲ ࠮ ĲĲ ඾ĩକĪġ ࡿࢃˍশ Ĵı ໦ȡࡿࢃ ĳ শ Ĵı ໦ġાਫ਼ȇ໤଻ࡄ‫ݪ‬ਫ਼ུ‫ ܁‬ķ ‫ٴ‬ġ ల ĵ Γη΢Ȝ৒ȪłķĲĵĪġ
࣒঍ȇŎįġłįġńŢŻŢŭŪŭŭŢġ
ਫ਼௺ȇńŦůŵųŰġťŦġŇŪŴŪŤŢġťŦġŎŢŵŦųŪŢŭŦŴĭġńŔŊńĮŖőŗİņŉŖġ
ါকȇġ
We argue that an ultracold quantum degenerate gas of ytterbium 173Yb atoms having nuclear spin I = 5/2 exhibits
an enlarged SU(6) symmetry. We shall discuss the consequences of this symmetry for ultracold 173Yb gases loaded in
optical lattices. We argue that, in an optical lattice at current experimentally accessible temperatures, Mott stateswith different filling are expected to coexist in the same trap. Moreover, within the Landau Fermi liquid theory,stability criteria against Fermi liquid (Pomeranchuk) instabilities in the spin channel will be discussed. Focusing on
the SU(n > 2) generalizations of ferromagnets, it is shown, within mean-field theory, that the transition from theparamagnet to the itinerant ferromagnet is generically first order. These SU(n > 2) ferromagnets can become stableby increasing the scattering length using optical methods or in an optical lattice.

57ດఴȇၑაΓη΢ȜȇŔŰŧŵġŉŶţţŢųťġŨŢűŴġŪůġťŪŴŰųťŦųŦťġŪŵŪůŦųŢůŵġŮŰťŦŭŴġŸŪŵũġŴũŰųŵĮųŢůŨŦġŪůŵŦųŢŤŵŪŰů
඾শȇĳııĺ ා ĲĲ ࠮ ĲĴ ඾ĩ߄Īġ ࡿࢃ ĵ শȡࡿࢃ Ķ শġાਫ਼ȇ໤଻ࡄ‫ݪ‬ਫ਼ུ‫ ܁‬ķ ‫ٴ‬ġ ల Ķ Γη΢Ȝ৒ȪłķĲĶȫġ
࣒঍ȇ຦‫ؖ‬ġ ۘġਫ਼௺ȇ൐‫ނ‬ఱ‫ڠ‬໤଻ࡄ‫ݪ‬ਫ਼ġါকȇġInterplay of electron correlation and randomness is studied using the Anderson-Hubbard model [1-2]. This model is
one of the minimal models of real strongly correlated materials under the influence of inevitable randomness, and its
Hamiltonian includes the nearest-neighbor hopping, on-site repulsion and spatially uncorrelated random potential.
Using the Hartree-Fock approximation, we obtain the ground-state phase diagram for three dimensions. One might
think that, under the influence of the randomness, the single-particle density of states (DOS) is nonzero at the Fermi
energy even in insulating phases because of localized impurity levels induced by randomness. However, we find that the
DOS vanishes toward the Fermi energy under the influence of electron correlation. This indicates that an
unconventional soft gap emerges from the coexistence of on-site repulsion and randomness. We call it a soft Hubbard gap.
As the origin of the soft Hubbard gap, we propose a phenomenology on the basis of the picture of a multivalley energy
landscape. The predicted scaling of the DOS by the energy is in perfect agreements with the numerical results. We
show further numerical evidence of the soft Hubbard gap in one dimension within the Hartree-Fock approximation andexact diagonalization. Finally, we compare the present theory with experimental results for SrRu1-xTixO3.
Reference:[1] H. Shinaoka and M. Imada, Phys. Rev. Lett. 102, 016404(1-4) (2009).
[2] H. Shinaoka and M. Imada, J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. 78, 094708(1-20) (2009).

ດఴȇၑაΓη΢ȜȇņŭŦŤŵųŰůġŰůġŢġŔűũŦųŦĻġłũŢųŰůŰŷĮŃŰũŮġŮŦŦŵġłũŢųŰůŰŷĮńŢŴũŦųġ
඾শȇĳııĺ ා ĲĲ ࠮ ĳı ඾ĩ߄Īġ ࡿࢃ ĵ শȡࡿࢃˑশġાਫ਼ȇ໤଻ࡄ‫ݪ‬ਫ਼ུ‫ ܁‬ķ ‫ٴ‬ġ ల Ķ Γη΢Ȝ৒ȪłķĲĶȫġ
࣒঍ȇőųŰŧįŚŴũŢŪġłŷŪŴũŢŪġ
ਫ਼௺ȇŅŦűŢųŵŮŦůŵġŰŧġőũźŴŪŤŴĭġŃŦůĮňŶųŪŰůġŖůŪŷŦųŴŪŵźĭŊŴųŢŦŭġ
ါকȇġ
Two seemingly distinct systems are analyzed and, somewhat unexpectedly, shown to be related. System I -The
Dirac monopole: A (spinless) electron on a sphere subject to a central magnetic field B = g r/r 2. The Aharonov-Bohm
effect plays a key role [Wu and Yang, Phys. Rev. D 12, 3845(1975)], as it clarifies the construction of a non-singular
vector potential and its relation to the Dirac quantization condition 2eg = nhc (n =0, 1, 2...). I approach this problem
from a "condensed matter point of view" using a tight binding model. For highly symmetric lattices, the energy
spectrum is calculated analytically as function of n and displays a beautiful pattern, which is entirely distinct fromthat of the Hofstadter butterfly. The systematics of level degeneracy is unusual and poses some challenges to thetheory of point symmetry groups. The spectrum of an electron hopping on the sites of a Fullerene reveals a set ofmagic (monopole) numbers ni.
 System II -Spin-Orbit in a central field: A (spinfull) electron on a sphere subject to an electric field E = q r/r2. Spinorbit interaction results through the Pauli equation and, in a tight binding formalism, leads to peculiar AharonovCasher effect. The spectrum is calculated analytically as function of the (dimensionless) spin-orbit strength anddisplays rich and beautiful pattern with some unexpected symmetries in which physics and geometry interlace.
 Connection between I and II: I expose a remarkable relation between the two seemingly distinct physical problems:
The energy spectrum in system II at a certain symmetry point is identical with the energy spectrum in system I at n =1. Thus, it is principally possible to test the physics of an experimentally inaccessible system (magnetic monopole) interms of an experimentally accessible one (electron subject to spin-orbit force induced by central electric field).
58ດఴȇၑაͼϋέ΁ȜζσΓη΢Ȝȇġ ŇŦųŮŪĮŭŪŲŶŪťĭġůŰůĮŇŦųŮŪĮŭŪŲŶŪťĭġŢůťġŎŰŵŵġűũŢŴŦŴġŪůġŪųŰůġűůŪŤŵŪťŦŴġ ġŢůťġŤŶűųŢŵŦŴġ
඾শȇĳııĺ ා ĲĲ ࠮ ĳĵ ඾ĩ‫غ‬Īġ ࡿࢃ ĳ শȡࡿࢃ Ĵ শġાਫ਼ȇ໤଻ࡄ‫ݪ‬ਫ਼ུ‫ ܁‬ķ ‫ٴ‬ġ ల Ķ Γη΢Ȝ৒ȪłķĲĶȫġ
࣒঍ȇŅųįġłůŴŨŢųġōŪŦţŴŤũġ
ਫ਼௺ȇŊůŴŵŪŵŶŵġŧ½ųġŇŦŴŵŬ·ųűŦųŧŰųŴŤũŶůŨĭġŇŰųŴŤũŶůŨŴŻŦůŵųŶŮġŋ½ŭŪŤũġ
ါকȇġ The role of Coulomb correlations in the iron pnictide LaFeAsO is studied by generalizing exact diagonalization
dynamical mean field theory to five orbitals.[1] For rotationally invariant Hund's rule coupling a continuous transition
from a paramagnetic Fermi-liquid phase to a non-Fermi-liquid metallic phase exhibiting frozen moments is found atmoderate Coulomb energies. For Ising-like exchange, this transition is first order and occurs at a lower critical
Coulomb energy. The correlation-induced scattering rate as a function of doping relative to half-filling, i.e., = n/5-1, where n = 6 for the undoped material, is shown to be qualitatively similar to the one in the two-dimensional
single-band Hubbard model.[2] In this scenario, the parent Mott insulator of LaFeAsO is the half-filled n = 5 limit,
while the undoped n = 6 material corresponds to the critical doping region c  0.2 in the cuprates, on the verge between
the Fermi-liquid phase of the overdoped region and the non-Fermi-liquid pseudogap phase in the underdoped region.
[1] H. Ishida and A. Liebsch, arXiv:0911.1940 submitted to PRB[2] A. Liebsch and N.H. Tong, Phys. Rev. B 80, 165123 (2009)ດఴȇၑაΓη΢ȜȇΧͼήςΛΡ߿ల֚ࡔၑ໦ঊ൲ႁ‫ާ༹ͥ͢ͅڠ‬ੀࠏ͈‫ًڠا‬೾͈ুဇ΀ΥσΆȜࠗॳġ඾শȇĳııĺ ා ĲĲ ࠮ ĳĸ ඾ĩ߄Īġ ࡿࢃ ĵ শȡࡿࢃ Ķ শġાਫ਼ȇ໤଻ࡄ‫ݪ‬ਫ਼ུ‫ ܁‬ķ ‫ٴ‬ġ ల Ķ Γη΢Ȝ৒ȪłķĲĶȫġ
࣒঍ȇࣞ‫ޘ‬ġ ‫ྶם‬ġਫ਼௺ȇఱिఱ‫ڠ‬ġါকȇġ ൻቇ෻ᔕߩ⚻〝ࠍᡰ㈩ߔࠆᧄ⾰⊛ߦ㊀ⷐߥ㊂ߪ‫ߩߘߊߥ߽ߢ߹߁⸒ޔ‬ㆊ⒟ߦ઻߁⥄↱ࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯ᄌൻߢ޽ࠆ‫ߦ․ޕ‬ṁᶧ߿↢૕ಽሶߥߤ‫ޔ‬ᾲំࠄ߉߇ᄢ߈޿♽ߦ߅޿ߡߪ‫ࠍ♽ޔ‬᭴ᚑߔࠆಽሶߦߟ޿ߡᄙߊߩ㈩⟎ࠍ⊒↢ߐߖࠆߎߣߦࠃߞߡ‫⥄ޔ‬↱ࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯ᄌൻࠍ⸘▚ߔࠆߎߣ߇ᔅ㗇ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޔߒ߆ߒޕ‬ൻቇㆊ⒟ࠍℂ⺰⊛ߦ⸥ㅀߔࠆߦߪ㊂ሶൻቇ⸘▚߇ᔅ㗇ߢ޽ࠅ‫ޔ‬⦟ߊ⍮ࠄࠇߡ޿ࠆࠃ߁ߦߘߩ⸘▚ࠦࠬ࠻ߪ㔚ሶᢙߦኻߒߡᕆỗߦჇᄢߔࠆ‫ޔߚ߹ޕ‬ಽሶ⺰ߦၮߠ޿ߡ⥄↱ࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯ࠍ⸘
▚ߔࠆߎߣߪ‫ޔ‬ฎౖ⊛ߥಽሶࠪࡒࡘ࡟࡯࡚ࠪࡦߩᚻᴺࠍ↪޿ߚߣߒߡ߽࿎㔍ߢ޽ࠆߎߣ߇⍮ࠄࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ᓥߞߡ‫ޔ‬ಝ❗♽
ߩൻቇㆊ⒟ߩ⥄↱ࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯ᄌൻࠍല₸⦟ߊ‫৻╙ޔ‬ේℂ⊛ߦ⸘▚ߔࠆᣇᴺߩ㐿⊒ߪಽሶ⑼ቇߦ߅ߌࠆ᜸ᚢ⊛߆ߟ㊀ⷐߥ⺖㗴ߩ৻ߟߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ ᚒ‫ߩߎߪޘ‬໧㗴ࠍ⸃᳿ߔࠆὑߦ‫ޔ‬ታⓨ㑆ࠣ࡝࠶࠼ࠍၮᐩߣߔࠆࡂࠗࡉ࡝࠶࠼ဳߩ╙৻ේℂಽሶേജቇ QM/MM ᴺࠍ㐿⊒ߒ[1]‫ࠍࠇߎߦࠄߐޔ‬ᣂⷙߥṁᶧߩℂ⺰㧔ࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯⴫␜ߩℂ⺰[2]㧕ߣ⚿วߒߚ QM/MM-ER[3] ‫ޕ‬QM/MM ᴺߦ߅޿ߡߪ‫ޔ‬෻ᔕߦ㑐ਈߔࠆㇱಽߩߺࠍ㊂ሶൻቇ⊛ߦᛒ޿‫ޔ‬ᱷࠅߩ㔚ሶ⊛ߦ㕒⊛ߥㇱಽࠍฎౖജ႐ߢ⸥ㅀߔࠆߩߢ⸘▚♖ᐲࠍ‶†ߦߔࠆ
ߎߣߥߊ㈩⟎ߩࠕࡦࠨࡦࡉ࡞ࠍല₸⦟ߊ⊒↢ߐߖࠆߎߣ߇น⢻ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޔߚ߹ޕ‬Matubayasi ࠄߦࠃࠆࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯⴫␜ߩℂ⺰ߪ‫ޔ‬ㅢᏱߩṁᶧߩℂ⺰ߣߪ⇣ߥࠅ‫ޔ‬ṁ⾰๟ࠅߩṁᇦߩⓨ㑆ಽᏓߢߪߥߊṁ⾰–ṁᇦ㑆ߩ⋧੕૞↪ࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯ߩಽᏓ㑐ᢙࠍၮᧄᄌᢙ
ߣߒߡṁᇦ๺⥄↱ࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯ࠍ⸥ㅀߔࠆ߽ߩߢ޽ࠆ‫ߩߎޕ‬ᣇᴺߪℂ⺰⊛ᨒ⚵ߺ߇෩ኒߢ޽ࠅ‫ࠆߥ߆޿ޔ‬ṁ⾰–ṁᇦߩ⚵ߦߟ޿ߡ߽৻ᰴరߩಽᏓ㑐ᢙߢ⥄↱ࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯ࠍ⸥ㅀߔࠆߩߢ‫ޔ‬ⓨ㑆ಽᏓ㑐ᢙࠍ↪޿ࠆᣇᴺߣᲧߴߡ෼᧤߇ㅦ޿ߣ޿߁೑ὐ߇޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ ᧄ࠮ࡒ࠽࡯ߢߪ‫ޔ‬QM/MM-ER ᴺߩ᭎⇛ࠍ⺑᣿ߔࠆߣߣ߽ߦ‫ߩߘޔ‬ᔕ↪଀ߣߒߡࡊࡠ࠻ࡦߩ᳓߳ߩṁᇦ๺ࠍߣࠅ޽ߍ‫ޔ‬ߘߩ⒳‫ࡦࠝࠗߩޘ‬ᒻᘒ H3O+, H9O4+ ߦߟ޿ߡ⥄↱ࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯⸃ᨆࠍⴕ߁‫ޕ‬[1] H. Takahashi et al, J. Chem. Phys. 119, 7964 (2003).
[2] N. Matubayasi et al, J. Chem. Phys. 113, 6070 (2000).
[3] H. Takahashi and N. Matubayasi et al, J. Chem. Phys. 121, 3989 (2004).
59ດఴȇၑაΓη΢ȜȇΑάΦȜσȆδȜΑȆͺͼϋΏνΗͼϋާੀఘ́৘࡛̳ͥ๱‫۟خ‬ၾঊ‫͂־‬઩ඏΘͼ΢η·Αġ඾শȇĳııĺ ා Ĳĳ ࠮ ĵ ඾ĩ߄Īġ ࡿࢃ ĵ শȡࡿࢃ Ķ শġાਫ਼ȇ໤଻ࡄ‫ݪ‬ਫ਼ུ‫ ܁‬ķ ‫ٴ‬ġ ల Ķ Γη΢Ȝ৒ȪłķĲĶȫġ
࣒঍ȇ઀ႅġ ྚ౶ତġਫ਼௺ȇ൐‫ނ‬ఱ‫ڠ‬ఱ‫֭ڠ‬௙ࣣ໲‫شݪࡄا‬ġါকȇġ
Quantized vortices appear in various systems such as superfluid helium, superconductor, ultracold atomic BoseEinstein condensates (BEC), and so on, and they are characterized by the topological charge. Vortices with the
topological charge which obeys non-Abelian algebra can be identified as non-Abelian vortices. Although all integer
and fractional vortices which have been studied in superfluid, superconductor, and atomic BEC are Abelian, weshow that simplest non-Abelian vortices can appear in the system of a spin2-spinor BEC.
We futher show that the non-Abelian properties become remarkable in the collision dynamics of vortices.
For example, when two vortices collide with each other, well known reconnection dynamics is topologicallyforbidden and a new vortex appears between the two vortices and connects them, following the algebraic manner.

ດఴȇၑაͼϋέ΁ȜζσΓη΢ȜȇņŧŧŦŤŵġŰŧġůŰůŭŰŤŢŭġŤŰųųŦŭŢŵŪŰůŴġŪůġŴŵųŰůŨŭźġŤŰųųŦŭŢŵŦťġŦŭŦŤŵųŰůġ ġŴźŴŵŦŮŴġĮġōŰŤŢŭġŗŦųŵŦŹġłűűųŰŹŪŮŢŵŪŰůġĮġ
඾শȇĳııĺ ා Ĳĳ ࠮ Ĳĵ ඾ĩ࠮Īġ ࡿࢃ Ĵ শȡࡿࢃ ĵ শġાਫ਼ȇ໤଻ࡄ‫ݪ‬ਫ਼ུ‫ ܁‬ķ ‫ٴ‬ġ ల Ķ Γη΢Ȝ৒ȪłķĲĶȫġ
࣒঍ȇනଳġ ฎྶġਫ਼௺ȇՔຎఱ‫ڠ‬ఱ‫֭ڠ‬ၑࢥ‫شݪࡄڠ‬ġါকȇġIn strongly correlated electron systems, one should take account of considerably different energy scales of a bare
Coulomb repulsion and a renormalized kinetic energy. Additionally, the momentum-dependent correlations among
quasiparticles must be relevant in considering 2nd-order phase transitions of superconductivity, magnetism etc. A
dual nature of electrons in energy and momentum spaces and its interplay are essential in the vicinity of a quantum
critical point.
 Weak-coupling approaches such as perturbation and FLEX for low-energy effective models, or (cluster) dynamicalmean field theory (DMFT) for strong short-range correlations have been developed to study strongly correlated
electron systems. The interplay between electronic states in two opposite extremes is indispensable to show avariety in strongly correlated electron systems, however, which is difficult to treat based on one fixed point.
 I propose a hybrid approach, which takes account of nonlocal correlations around DMFT solution. A diagrammaticconstruction of nonlocal fluctuations using a local vertex is developed to improve DMFT self energy. I will discuss
mainly one-particle spectrum in the Hubbard and the Anderson lattice models. I will also touch on recent progress oftheories in this direction.

60

૽! ম! ։! ൲!

‒
ⅨᄂᆮᢿᧉሁⅩ‒ⅎ‒ ࠯঺ ․‣ ࠰≘உ ‥‣ ଐ˄ↀ‒≋ᠴ‒ Ꮀ≌ġ൞‒ ‒ Ӹ‒৑‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‫‒ޓ‬᧵‒ ʟ‒ ‫៽ޓ᧽ ‒࣓ ‒ݎ‬ᢊ્‫ݧ‬ཋࣱᄂᆮ଀ᚨ‒Ꮀ‒ ‒ Ӹ‒ီ‒ ‒ ѣ‒ ‒ ϋ‒ ‒ ܾ‒я‒ ‒ ૙‒᭗⇎⇳∑⇔∞ьᡮ֥ᄂᆮೞನя૙↧‒‒ⅎ‒ ࠯঺ ․‣ ࠰ ‣• உ ‣ ଐ˄ↀ‒≋੔‒ ဇ≌൞‒ ‒ Ӹ‒৑‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‫‒ޓ‬Ꮀ‒ ‒ Ӹ‒ီ‒ ‒ ѣ‒ ‒ ϋ‒ ‒ ܾ‒‫ ‒ޛ‬ஜ‒ ‒ ‒ ᢋ‒ ᧽‫៽ޓ‬ᢊ્‫ݧ‬ཋࣱᄂᆮ଀ᚨ≋છᄶЎܴ≌я‒ ‒ ૙‒‒ᡈ‒ ᕲ‒ ଻‒ ࢀ‒ ᧽‫׎ޓ‬ᨥឬࢍᄬ‫ئ‬ᅹ‫ܖ‬ᄂᆮ଀ᚨ‒я‒ ‒ ૙‒‒Ꮀ‒ ‒ Ӹ‒ီ‒ ‒ ѣ‒ ‒ ϋ‒ ‒ ܾ‒я‒ ‒ ૙‒‒৑‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‫‒ޓ‬Ꮀ‒ ‒ Ӹ‒ီ‒ ‒ ѣ‒ ‒ ϋ‒ ‒ ܾ‒Ӵ‒ ஜ‒ ᑷ‒ ᒍ‒ ᧽‫ޓ‬ཋឋᚨᚘᚸ̖଀ᚨ‒я‒ ‒ ૙‒‒ⅎ‒ ࠯঺ ․‣ ࠰ ‣․ உ≔ଐ˄ↀ‒≋੔‒ ဇ≌൞‒ ‒ Ӹ‒৑‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‫‒ޓ‬ૼ‒ ᙸ‒ ࡍ‒ බ‒ ⇰⇴⇟⇗∞∑ཋࣱᄂᆮᢿᧉ‒‒ⅎ‒ ࠯঺ ․‣ ࠰ ‣․ உ ‥‣ ଐ˄ↀ‒≋ᠴ‒ Ꮀ≌൞‒ ‒ Ӹ‒ᯓӕ‫ܖ߻ܖٻ‬ᄂᆮᅹϱ૙੉↧‒‒ⅎ‒ ࠯঺ ․․ ࠰≔உ≔ଐ˄ↀ‒≋੔‒ ဇ≌൞‒ ‒ Ӹ‒৑‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‫‒ޓ‬ங‒ ̯‒ ‒ ‒ ؕ‒ ૼཋឋᅹ‫ܖ‬ᄂᆮᢿᧉ‒Ꮀ‒ ‒ Ӹ‒ီ‒ ‒ ѣ‒ ‒ ϋ‒ ‒ ܾ‒я‒ ‒ ૙‒‒Ꮀ‒ ‒ Ӹ‒ီ‒ ‒ ѣ‒ ‒ ϋ‒ ‒ ܾ‒ϱ‒ ૙‒ ੉‒᧽‫៽ޓ‬ᢊ્‫ݧ‬ཋࣱᄂᆮ଀ᚨ≋↓ⅾ↟Ўܴ≌ⅺ↸‒Ꮀ‒ ‒ Ӹ‒ီ‒ ‒ ѣ‒ ‒ ϋ‒ ‒ ܾ‒я‒ ‒ ૙‒߻‫ܖ‬ኒᄂᆮᅹཋྸ߻‫ݦܖ‬ૌϱ૙੉↧‒Ꮀ‒ ‒ Ӹ‒ီ‒ ‒ ѣ‒ ‒ ϋ‒ ‒ ܾ‒‒≋ѮѦ‫≌୼٭ע‬൞‒ ‒ Ӹ‒৑‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‫‒ޓ‬௅‒ ဋ‒ ‒ ‒ ߰‒ ᧽‫៽ޓ‬ᢊ્‫ݧ‬ཋࣱᄂᆮ଀ᚨ≋છᄶЎܴ≌‒≋᠃‒ Ј≌൞‒ ‒ Ӹ‒৑‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‫‒ޓ‬ჽ‒ ‫ ‒ק‬ᬐ‒ ‫ ‒܇‬έᇢЎήᄂᆮᢿᧉ‒‒≋ᄂ̲ЈӼ≌൞‒ ‒ Ӹ‒৑‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‫‒ޓ‬᧺‒ ᢿ‒ ᒍ‒ ʼ‒ ⇰⇴⇟⇗∞∑ཋࣱᄂᆮᢿᧉ‒я‒ ‒ ‒ ૙‒⇐⇩⇕⇟⇻⇏∞⇯‫‒ܖٻ‬‒ⅎ‒ ࠯঺ ․․ ࠰≔உ ‣ ଐ˄ↀ‒≋੔‒ ဇ≌൞‒ ‒ Ӹ‒৑‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‫‒ޓ‬‫ ‒ݱ‬ຓ‒ ‒ ‒ ᨗ‒ έᇢЎήᄂᆮᢿᧉ‒Ꮀ‒ ‒ Ӹ‒я‒ ‒ ‒ ૙‒ġီ‒ ‒ ѣ‒ ‒ ϋ‒ ‒ ܾ‒‒61൐‫ނ‬ఱ‫ڠ‬໤଻ࡄ‫ݪ‬ਫ਼‫࢖֥ޗ‬༡̞̾̀ͅ!

ਅ⸥ߦࠃࠅഥᢎߩ౏൐ࠍ޿ߚߒ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ㆡછ⠪ߩផ⮈‫ޔ‬Ꮧᦸ⠪ߩᔕ൐ࠍ߅㗿޿޿ߚߒ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬⸥㧝㧚⎇ⓥㇱ㐷ฬ╬߅ࠃ߮౏൐ੱຬᢙ
࠽ࡁࠬࠤ࡯࡞‛ᕈ⎇ⓥㇱ㐷㧔ൎᧄ⎇ⓥቶ㧕  ഥᢎ㧝ฬ㧞㧚⎇ⓥౝኈ
ੱᎿ㊂ሶ♽㧔㊂ሶ࠼࠶࠻‫⿥ޔ✢⚦ޔ‬ᩰሶઁ㧕ࠍ↪޿ߚ‛ℂቇ⎇ⓥ‫ޕ‬ᒰ⎇ⓥቶߢߪߎࠇࠄߩ♽ࠍ૞⵾߆ࠄ᷹ቯ߹ߢ৻⽾ߒߡⴕ޿‫ޔ‬㊂ሶ⃻⽎‫ޔ‬ᄙ૕ലᨐ‫ޔ‬㊂ሶᖱႎᠲ૞‫⎇ߩߡ޿ߟߦߤߥࠬࠢ࠾ࡠ࠻ࡦࡇࠬޔ‬ⓥࠍⴕߞߡ޿ࠆ‫⎇ߩߢ߹ࠇߎޕ‬ⓥ
ಽ㊁ߪ໧ࠊߥ޿߇‫⎇ߩࠄࠇߎޔ‬ⓥࠍ♖ജ⊛ߦㅴ߼ࠆᗧ᰼޽ࠆ⧯ᚻ⎇ⓥ⠪ࠍᏗᦸߔࠆ‫ޕ‬㧟㧚ൕോ࿾  ජ⪲⋵ᨰᏒᨰߩ⪲㧡㧙㧝㧙㧡㧠㧚ᔕ൐⾗ᩰ  ୃ჻⺖⒟ୃੌ‫ߣࠇߎߪߚ߹ޔ‬ห╬એ਄ߩ⢻ജࠍᜬߟᣇ‫ޕ‬㧡㧚છ  ᦼ  છᦼ㧡ᐕ‫ޔ‬ౣછน‫ޔߒߛߚޕ‬㧝࿁ࠍ㒢ᐲߣߔࠆ‫ޕ‬㧢㧚౏൐✦ಾ  ᐔᚑ㧞㧞ᐕ㧠᦬㧟㧜ᣣ㧔㊄㧕ᔅ⌕㧣㧚⌕છᤨᦼ
᳿ቯᓟߥࠆߴߊᣧ޿ᤨᦼ
㧤㧚ឭ಴ᦠ㘃
㧔ࠗ㧕ផ⮈ߩ႐ว ٤ផ⮈ᦠ ٤ጁᱧᦠ㧔⇛ᱧߢน㧕 ٤ᬺ❣࡝ࠬ࠻㧔․ߦ㊀ⷐߥ⺰ᢥߦ٤ශࠍߟߌࠆߎߣ㧕 ٤ਥⷐ⺰ᢥߩ೎೚㧔㧟✬⒟ᐲ‫࡯ࡇࠦޔ‬น㧕 ٤⎇ⓥᬺ❣ߩ᭎ⷐ㧔㧞㧜㧜㧜ሼ⒟ᐲ㧕 ٤⎇ⓥ⸘↹ᦠ㧔㧞㧜㧜㧜ሼ⒟ᐲ㧕㧔ࡠ㧕ᔕ൐ߩ႐ว ٤ጁᱧᦠ㧔⇛ᱧߢน㧕 ٤ᬺ❣࡝ࠬ࠻㧔․ߦ㊀ⷐߥ⺰ᢥߦ٤ශࠍߟߌࠆߎߣ㧕 ٤ਥⷐ⺰ᢥߩ೎೚㧔㧟✬⒟ᐲ‫࡯ࡇࠦޔ‬น㧕٤ᚲዻ㐳࡮ᜰዉᢎຬ╬ߦࠃࠆᔕ൐⠪ᧄੱߦߟ޿ߡߩᗧ⷗ᦠ㧔૞ᚑ⠪߆ࠄᦠ㘃ឭ಴వ߳⋥ㅍ㧕 ٤⎇ⓥᬺ❣ߩ᭎ⷐ㧔㧞㧜㧜㧜ሼ⒟ᐲ㧕 ٤⎇ⓥ⸘↹ᦠ㧔㧞㧜㧜㧜ሼ⒟ᐲ㧕㧥㧚ᦠ㘃ឭ಴వ  ‫ޥ‬277-8581 ජ⪲⋵ᨰᏒᨰߩ⪲㧡ৼ⋡㧝⇟㧡ภ   ᧲੩ᄢቇᨰ࿾඙‛ᕈ⎇ᜂᒰ⺖✚ോଥ   㔚⹤ 04-7136-3590 e-mail issp-somu@kj.u-tokyo.ac.jp㧚ᧄઙߦ㑐ߔࠆ໧޿วࠊߖవ  ‫ޥ‬277-8581 ජ⪲⋵ᨰᏒᨰߩ⪲㧡ৼ⋡㧝⇟㧡ภ   ᧲੩ᄢቇ‛ᕈ⎇ⓥᚲ࠽ࡁࠬࠤ࡯࡞‛ᕈ⎇ⓥㇱ㐷 ᢎ᝼ ൎᧄ ା๋   㔚⹤ 04-7136-3305 e-mail kats@issp.u-tokyo.ac.jp㧚ᵈᗧ੐㗄‫‛࡞࡯ࠤࠬࡁ࠽ޟ‬ᕈ⎇ⓥㇱ㐷 ഥᢎᔕ൐ᦠ㘃࿷ਛ‫ޠ‬‫ޟߪߚ߹ޔ‬ᗧ⷗ᦠ࿷ਛ‫ߩޠ‬ᣦࠍᧇᦠߒ‫ޔ‬ㇷㅍߩ႐วߪᦠ⇐ߣߔࠆߎߣ‫ޕ‬㧚ㆬ⠨ᣇᴺ
᧲੩ᄢቇ‛ᕈ⎇ⓥᚲᢎ᝼ળߦߡክᩏ᳿ቯ޿ߚߒ߹ߔ‫ޔߒߛߚޕ‬ㆡછ⠪ߩߥ޿႐วߪ‫ޔ‬᳿ቯࠍ଻⇐޿ߚߒ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬㧚ߘߩઁ
߅ㅍࠅ޿ߚߛ޿ߚᔕ൐ᦠ㘃╬ߪ㄰ළ޿ߚߒ߹ߖࠎߩߢ‫ߩ⸃ੌߏޔ‬਄߅↳ㄟߺਅߐ޿‫ޔߚ߹ޕ‬ጁᱧᦠߪᧄᔕ൐ߩ↪ㅜߦ㒢ࠅ૶↪ߒ‫ޔ‬୘ੱᖱႎߪᱜᒰߥℂ↱ߥߊ╙ਃ⠪߳ߩ㐿␜‫⼑ޔ‬ᷰ෸߮⾉ਈߔࠆߎߣߪ৻ಾ޽ࠅ߹ߖࠎ‫ޕ‬ᐔᚑ  ᐕ  ᦬  ᣣ             ᧲੩ᄢቇ‛ᕈ⎇ⓥᚲ㐳                 ኅ   ᵏ ᒄ62൐‫ނ‬ఱ‫ڠ‬໤଻ࡄ‫ݪ‬ਫ਼‫࢖֥ޗ‬༡̞̾̀ͅ!

ਅ⸥ߦࠃࠅഥᢎߩ౏൐ࠍ޿ߚߒ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ㆡછ⠪ߩផ⮈‫ޔ‬Ꮧᦸ⠪ߩᔕ൐ࠍ߅㗿޿޿ߚߒ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬⸥㧝㧚⎇ⓥㇱ㐷ฬ╬߅ࠃ߮౏൐ੱຬᢙ
వ┵ಽశ⎇ⓥㇱ㐷㧔ㄆ⎇ⓥቶ㧕  ഥᢎ㧝ฬ㧞㧚⎇ⓥౝኈ
వ┵⊛ߥ⌀ⓨ⚡ᄖ࡮エ X ✢࡟࡯ࠩ࡯ࠍ↪޿ߚ⿥㜞ಽ⸃⢻శ㔚ሶಽశ‫ᤨޔ‬㑆ಽ⸃శ㔚ሶಽశ‫ޔ‬㗼ᓸశ㔚ሶಽశߥߤߦ
ࠃࠆశ⑼ቇߣ‫⑼⾰‛ߚ޿↪ࠍࠇߘޔ‬ቇࠍផㅴߔࠆ‫ޕ‬㧟㧚ൕോ࿾  ජ⪲⋵ᨰᏒᨰߩ⪲㧡㧙㧝㧙㧡㧠㧚ᔕ൐⾗ᩰ  ୃ჻⺖⒟ୃੌ‫ߣࠇߎߪߚ߹ޔ‬ห╬એ਄ߩ⢻ജࠍᜬߟᣇ‫ޕ‬㧡㧚છ  ᦼ  છᦼ㧡ᐕ‫ޔ‬ౣછน‫ޔߒߛߚޕ‬㧝࿁ࠍ㒢ᐲߣߔࠆ‫ޕ‬㧢㧚౏൐✦ಾ  ᐔᚑ㧞㧞ᐕ㧠᦬㧝㧢ᣣ㧔㊄㧕ᔅ⌕㧣㧚⌕છᤨᦼ
᳿ቯᓟߥࠆߴߊᣧ޿ᤨᦼ
㧤㧚ឭ಴ᦠ㘃
㧔ࠗ㧕ផ⮈ߩ႐ว ٤ផ⮈ᦠ ٤ጁᱧᦠ㧔⇛ᱧߢน㧕 ٤ᬺ❣࡝ࠬ࠻㧔․ߦ㊀ⷐߥ⺰ᢥߦ٤ශࠍߟߌࠆߎߣ㧕 ٤ਥⷐ⺰ᢥߩ೎೚㧔㧟✬⒟ᐲ‫࡯ࡇࠦޔ‬น㧕 ٤⎇ⓥᬺ❣ߩ᭎ⷐ㧔㧞㧜㧜㧜ሼ⒟ᐲ㧕 ٤⎇ⓥ⸘↹ᦠ㧔㧞㧜㧜㧜ሼ⒟ᐲ㧕㧔ࡠ㧕ᔕ൐ߩ႐ว ٤ጁᱧᦠ㧔⇛ᱧߢน㧕 ٤ᬺ❣࡝ࠬ࠻㧔․ߦ㊀ⷐߥ⺰ᢥߦ٤ශࠍߟߌࠆߎߣ㧕 ٤ਥⷐ⺰ᢥߩ೎೚㧔㧟✬⒟ᐲ‫࡯ࡇࠦޔ‬น㧕 ٤ᚲዻ㐳࡮ᜰዉᢎຬ╬ߦࠃࠆᔕ൐⠪ᧄੱߦߟ޿ߡߩᗧ⷗ᦠ㧔૞ᚑ⠪߆ࠄᦠ㘃ឭ಴వ߳⋥ㅍ㧕 ٤⎇ⓥᬺ❣ߩ᭎ⷐ㧔㧞㧜㧜㧜ሼ⒟ᐲ㧕 ٤⎇ⓥ⸘↹ᦠ㧔㧞㧜㧜㧜ሼ⒟ᐲ㧕㧥㧚ᦠ㘃ឭ಴వ  ‫ޥ‬277-8581 ජ⪲⋵ᨰᏒᨰߩ⪲㧡ৼ⋡㧝⇟㧡ภ   ᧲੩ᄢቇᨰ࿾඙‛ᕈ⎇ᜂᒰ⺖✚ോଥ   㔚⹤ 04-7136-3590 e-mail issp-somu@kj.u-tokyo.ac.jp㧚ᧄઙߦ㑐ߔࠆ໧޿วࠊߖవ  ‫ޥ‬277-8581 ජ⪲⋵ᨰᏒᨰߩ⪲㧡ৼ⋡㧝⇟㧡ภ   ᧲੩ᄢቇ‛ᕈ⎇ⓥᚲవ┵ಽశ⎇ⓥㇱ㐷 ᢎ᝼ ㄆ ၨ   㔚⹤ 04-7136-3380 e-mail shin@issp.u-tokyo.ac.jp㧚ᵈᗧ੐㗄‫ޟ‬వ┵ಽశ⎇ⓥㇱ㐷 ഥᢎᔕ൐ᦠ㘃࿷ਛ‫ޠ‬‫ޟߪߚ߹ޔ‬ᗧ⷗ᦠ࿷ਛ‫ߩޠ‬ᣦࠍᧇᦠߒ‫ޔ‬ㇷㅍߩ႐วߪᦠ⇐ߣߔࠆߎߣ‫ޕ‬㧚ㆬ⠨ᣇᴺ
᧲੩ᄢቇ‛ᕈ⎇ⓥᚲᢎ᝼ળߦߡክᩏ᳿ቯ޿ߚߒ߹ߔ‫ޔߒߛߚޕ‬ㆡછ⠪ߩߥ޿႐วߪ‫ޔ‬᳿ቯࠍ଻⇐޿ߚߒ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬㧚ߘߩઁ
߅ㅍࠅ޿ߚߛ޿ߚᔕ൐ᦠ㘃╬ߪ㄰ළ޿ߚߒ߹ߖࠎߩߢ‫ߩ⸃ੌߏޔ‬਄߅↳ㄟߺਅߐ޿‫ޔߚ߹ޕ‬ጁᱧᦠߪᧄᔕ൐ߩ↪ㅜߦ㒢ࠅ૶↪ߒ‫ޔ‬୘ੱᖱႎߪᱜᒰߥℂ↱ߥߊ╙ਃ⠪߳ߩ㐿␜‫⼑ޔ‬ᷰ෸߮⾉ਈߔࠆߎߣߪ৻ಾ޽ࠅ߹ߖࠎ‫ޕ‬ᐔᚑ  ᐕ  ᦬  ᣣ             ᧲੩ᄢቇ‛ᕈ⎇ⓥᚲ㐳                 ኅ   ᵏ ᒄ63൐‫ނ‬ఱ‫ڠ‬໤଻ࡄ‫ݪ‬ਫ਼‫࢖֥ޗ‬༡̞̾̀ͅ!

ਅ⸥ߦࠃࠅഥᢎߩ౏൐ࠍ޿ߚߒ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ㆡછ⠪ߩផ⮈‫ޔ‬Ꮧᦸ⠪ߩᔕ൐ࠍ߅㗿޿޿ߚߒ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬⸥㧝㧚⎇ⓥㇱ㐷ฬ╬߅ࠃ߮౏൐ੱຬᢙ
゠㆏᡼኿‛ᕈ⎇ⓥᣉ⸳  ഥᢎ㧝ฬ㧞㧚⎇ⓥౝኈ ᧄᣉ⸳ߢߪ‫ޔ‬᡼኿శᣉ⸳㧔ࡈࠜ࠻ࡦࡈࠔࠢ࠻࡝࡯㧕ߦᢛ஻ߒߚࡆ࡯ࡓ࡜ࠗࡦߣታ㛎⸳஻ࠍ೑↪ߒߡ‫ⷺޔ‬ᐲ߅ࠃ߮ࠬࡇ
ࡦಽ⸃శ㔚ሶಽశታ㛎ߦࠃࠆ‛⾰ߩ㔚ሶ⁁ᘒ⎇ⓥߥߤࠍⴕߞߡ޿ࠆ‫౏ᧄޕ‬൐ߢߪ‫ޔ‬᡼኿శࠍ೑↪ߔࠆ‛ᕈ⎇ⓥࠍ♖ജ⊛ߦㅴ߼ࠆߣ౒ߦ‫ߣࡈ࠶࠲ࠬ᦭⃻ޔ‬දജߒߡ౒ห೑↪ታ㛎ߩᡰេ߽ⴕ޿‫ޔ‬ታ㛎ᛛⴚ㐿⊒ߦࠃߞߡᣂߒ޿⎇ⓥಽ㊁ࠍ㐿ᜏߔࠆߎߣߦᗧ᰼޽ࠆ⧯ᚻ⎇ⓥ⠪ࠍᏗᦸߔࠆ‫ޕ‬㧟㧚ൕോ࿾  ⨙ၔ⋵ߟߊ߫ᏒᄢⓄ㧝㧙㧝  㜞ࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯ടㅦེ⎇ⓥᯏ᭴ౝ㧠㧚ᔕ൐⾗ᩰ  ୃ჻⺖⒟ୃੌ‫ߣࠇߎߪߚ߹ޔ‬ห╬એ਄ߩ⢻ജࠍᜬߟᣇ‫ޕ‬㧡㧚છ  ᦼ  છᦼ㧡ᐕ‫ޔ‬ౣછน‫ޔߒߛߚޕ‬㧝࿁ࠍ㒢ᐲߣߔࠆ‫ޕ‬㧢㧚౏൐✦ಾ  ᐔᚑ㧞㧞ᐕ㧡᦬㧟㧝ᣣ㧔᦬㧕ᔅ⌕㧣㧚⌕છᤨᦼ
᳿ቯᓟߥࠆߴߊᣧ޿ᤨᦼ
㧤㧚ឭ಴ᦠ㘃
㧔ࠗ㧕ផ⮈ߩ႐ว ٤ផ⮈ᦠ ٤ጁᱧᦠ㧔⇛ᱧߢน㧕 ٤ᬺ❣࡝ࠬ࠻㧔․ߦ㊀ⷐߥ⺰ᢥߦ٤ශࠍߟߌࠆߎߣ㧕 ٤ਥⷐ⺰ᢥߩ೎೚㧔㧟✬⒟ᐲ‫࡯ࡇࠦޔ‬น㧕 ٤⎇ⓥᬺ❣ߩ᭎ⷐ㧔㧞㧜㧜㧜ሼ⒟ᐲ㧕 ٤⎇ⓥ⸘↹ᦠ㧔㧞㧜㧜㧜ሼ⒟ᐲ㧕㧔ࡠ㧕ᔕ൐ߩ႐ว ٤ጁᱧᦠ㧔⇛ᱧߢน㧕 ٤ᬺ❣࡝ࠬ࠻㧔․ߦ㊀ⷐߥ⺰ᢥߦ٤ශࠍߟߌࠆߎߣ㧕 ٤ਥⷐ⺰ᢥߩ೎೚㧔㧟✬⒟ᐲ‫࡯ࡇࠦޔ‬น㧕٤ᚲዻ㐳࡮ᜰዉᢎຬ╬ߦࠃࠆᔕ൐⠪ᧄੱߦߟ޿ߡߩᗧ⷗ᦠ㧔૞ᚑ⠪߆ࠄᦠ㘃ឭ಴వ߳⋥ㅍ㧕 ٤⎇ⓥᬺ❣ߩ᭎ⷐ㧔㧞㧜㧜㧜ሼ⒟ᐲ㧕 ٤⎇ⓥ⸘↹ᦠ㧔㧞㧜㧜㧜ሼ⒟ᐲ㧕㧥㧚ᦠ㘃ឭ಴వ  ‫ޥ‬277-8581 ජ⪲⋵ᨰᏒᨰߩ⪲㧡ৼ⋡㧝⇟㧡ภ   ᧲੩ᄢቇᨰ࿾඙‛ᕈ⎇ᜂᒰ⺖✚ോଥ   㔚⹤ 04-7136-3590 e-mail issp-somu@kj.u-tokyo.ac.jp㧚ᧄઙߦ㑐ߔࠆ໧޿วࠊߖవ  ‫ޥ‬277-8581 ජ⪲⋵ᨰᏒᨰߩ⪲㧡ৼ⋡㧝⇟㧡ภ  ᧲੩ᄢቇ‛ᕈ⎇ⓥᚲ㒝ዻ゠㆏᡼኿‛ᕈ⎇ⓥᣉ⸳ ᢎ᝼ ᩑፒ ᣿ੱ   㔚⹤ 04-7136-3400 e-mail kakizaki@issp.u-tokyo.ac.jp㧚ᵈᗧ੐㗄‫゠ޟ‬㆏᡼኿‛ᕈ⎇ⓥᣉ⸳ ഥᢎᔕ൐ᦠ㘃࿷ਛ‫ޟߪߚ߹ޔޠ‬ᗧ⷗ᦠ࿷ਛ‫ߩޠ‬ᣦࠍᧇᦠߒ‫ޔ‬ㇷㅍߩ႐วߪᦠ⇐ߣߔࠆߎߣ‫ޕ‬㧚ㆬ⠨ᣇᴺ
᧲੩ᄢቇ‛ᕈ⎇ⓥᚲᢎ᝼ળߦߡክᩏ᳿ቯ޿ߚߒ߹ߔ‫ޔߒߛߚޕ‬ㆡછ⠪ߩߥ޿႐วߪ‫ޔ‬᳿ቯࠍ଻⇐޿ߚߒ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬㧚ߘߩઁ
߅ㅍࠅ޿ߚߛ޿ߚᔕ൐ᦠ㘃╬ߪ㄰ළ޿ߚߒ߹ߖࠎߩߢ‫ߩ⸃ੌߏޔ‬਄߅↳ㄟߺਅߐ޿‫ޔߚ߹ޕ‬ጁᱧᦠߪᧄᔕ൐ߩ↪ㅜߦ㒢ࠅ૶↪ߒ‫ޔ‬୘ੱᖱႎߪᱜᒰߥℂ↱ߥߊ╙ਃ⠪߳ߩ㐿␜‫⼑ޔ‬ᷰ෸߮⾉ਈߔࠆߎߣߪ৻ಾ޽ࠅ߹ߖࠎ‫ޕ‬     ᐔᚑ  ᐕ  ᦬  ᣣ             ᧲੩ᄢቇ‛ᕈ⎇ⓥᚲ㐳                 ኅ   ᵏ ᒄ64൐‫ނ‬ఱ‫ڠ‬໤଻ࡄ‫ݪ‬ਫ਼‫࢖֥ޗ‬༡̞̾̀ͅ!

ਅ⸥ߦࠃࠅഥᢎߩ౏൐ࠍ޿ߚߒ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ㆡછ⠪ߩផ⮈‫ޔ‬Ꮧᦸ⠪ߩᔕ൐ࠍ߅㗿޿޿ߚߒ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬⸥㧝㧚⎇ⓥㇱ㐷ฬ╬߅ࠃ߮౏൐ੱຬᢙ
‛⾰⸳⸘⹏ଔᣉ⸳  ഥᢎ㧝ฬ㧞㧚⎇ⓥౝኈ
⸳⸘ㇱࠬ࠲࠶ࡈߩ৻ຬߣߒߡ‫౒ޔ‬ห೑↪ࠬࡄࠦࡦߩዉ౉‫▤ޔ‬ℂ‫ޔ‬ㆇ↪ߩᬺോߦ៤ࠊߞߡ޿ߚߛߊ‫‛ޔߚ߹ޕ‬ᕈ⑼ቇߦ
߅ߌࠆ⒳‫ߩޘ‬໧㗴ࠍ⸃᣿ߔࠆߚ߼‫৻╙ޔ‬ේℂ㔚ሶ⁁ᘒ⸘▚‫ޔ‬ಽሶേജቇᴺ‫ࡠ࡞ࠞ࠹ࡦࡕޔ‬ᴺߥߤߩᚻᴺࠍ↪޿ߚᄢⷙᮨ
ᢙ୯⸘▚ߦࠃࠆ⎇ⓥࠍ‫⹏⸘⸳⾰‛ޔ‬ଔᣉ⸳ᚲຬߣදജߒߡⴕߞߡ޿ߚߛߊ‫ࡓ࠭࡝ࠧ࡞ࠕޕ‬㧛ࠦ࡯࠼ߩ㐿⊒‫ޔ‬ᄢဳ⸘▚ᯏߦࠃࠆ⸘▚ߩ߶߆‫▚⸘ޔ‬ᯏࠪࠬ࠹ࡓㆇ↪ߦ⚻㛎߇޽ࠆᣇࠍᏗᦸߔࠆ‫ޕ‬㧟㧚ൕോ࿾  ජ⪲⋵ᨰᏒᨰߩ⪲㧡㧙㧝㧙㧡㧠㧚ᔕ൐⾗ᩰ  ୃ჻⺖⒟ୃੌ‫ߣࠇߎߪߚ߹ޔ‬ห╬એ਄ߩ⢻ജࠍᜬߟᣇ‫ޕ‬㧡㧚છ  ᦼ  છᦼ㧡ᐕ‫ޔ‬ౣછน‫ޔߒߛߚޕ‬㧝࿁ࠍ㒢ᐲߣߔࠆ‫ޕ‬㧢㧚౏൐✦ಾ  ᐔᚑ㧞㧞ᐕ㧠᦬㧡ᣣ㧔᦬㧕ᔅ⌕㧣㧚⌕છᤨᦼ
᳿ቯᓟߥࠆߴߊᣧ޿ᤨᦼ
㧤㧚ឭ಴ᦠ㘃
㧔ࠗ㧕ផ⮈ߩ႐ว ٤ផ⮈ᦠ ٤ጁᱧᦠ㧔⇛ᱧߢน㧕 ٤ᬺ❣࡝ࠬ࠻㧔․ߦ㊀ⷐߥ⺰ᢥߦ٤ශࠍߟߌࠆߎߣ㧕 ٤ਥⷐ⺰ᢥߩ೎೚㧔㧟✬⒟ᐲ‫࡯ࡇࠦޔ‬น㧕 ٤⎇ⓥᬺ❣ߩ᭎ⷐ㧔㧞㧜㧜㧜ሼ⒟ᐲ㧕 ٤⎇ⓥ⸘↹ᦠ㧔㧞㧜㧜㧜ሼ⒟ᐲ㧕㧔ࡠ㧕ᔕ൐ߩ႐ว ٤ጁᱧᦠ㧔⇛ᱧߢน㧕 ٤ᬺ❣࡝ࠬ࠻㧔․ߦ㊀ⷐߥ⺰ᢥߦ٤ශࠍߟߌࠆߎߣ㧕 ٤ਥⷐ⺰ᢥߩ೎೚㧔㧟✬⒟ᐲ‫࡯ࡇࠦޔ‬น㧕٤ᚲዻ㐳࡮ᜰዉᢎຬ╬ߦࠃࠆᔕ൐⠪ᧄੱߦߟ޿ߡߩᗧ⷗ᦠ㧔૞ᚑ⠪߆ࠄᦠ㘃ឭ಴వ߳⋥ㅍ㧕 ٤⎇ⓥᬺ❣ߩ᭎ⷐ㧔㧞㧜㧜㧜ሼ⒟ᐲ㧕 ٤⎇ⓥ⸘↹ᦠ㧔㧞㧜㧜㧜ሼ⒟ᐲ㧕㧥㧚ᦠ㘃ឭ಴వ  ‫ޥ‬277-8581 ජ⪲⋵ᨰᏒᨰߩ⪲㧡ৼ⋡㧝⇟㧡ภ   ᧲੩ᄢቇᨰ࿾඙‛ᕈ⎇ᜂᒰ⺖✚ോଥ   㔚⹤ 04-7136-3590 e-mail issp-somu@kj.u-tokyo.ac.jp㧚ᧄઙߦ㑐ߔࠆ໧޿วࠊߖవ  ‫ޥ‬277-8581 ජ⪲⋵ᨰᏒᨰߩ⪲㧡ৼ⋡㧝⇟㧡ภ  ᧲੩ᄢቇ‛ᕈ⎇ⓥᚲ‛⾰⸳⸘⹏ଔᣉ⸳ ಎᢎ᝼ Ꮉፉ ⋥ノ   㔚⹤ 04-7136-3260 e-mail kawashima@issp.u-tokyo.ac.jp㧚ᵈᗧ੐㗄‫⹏⸘⸳⾰‛ޟ‬ଔᣉ⸳ ഥᢎᔕ൐ᦠ㘃࿷ਛ‫ޠ‬‫ޟߪߚ߹ޔ‬ᗧ⷗ᦠ࿷ਛ‫ߩޠ‬ᣦࠍᧇᦠߒ‫ޔ‬ㇷㅍߩ႐วߪᦠ⇐ߣߔࠆߎߣ‫ޕ‬㧚ㆬ⠨ᣇᴺ
᧲੩ᄢቇ‛ᕈ⎇ⓥᚲᢎ᝼ળߦߡክᩏ᳿ቯ޿ߚߒ߹ߔ‫ޔߒߛߚޕ‬ㆡછ⠪ߩߥ޿႐วߪ‫ޔ‬᳿ቯࠍ଻⇐޿ߚߒ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬㧚ߘߩઁ
߅ㅍࠅ޿ߚߛ޿ߚᔕ൐ᦠ㘃╬ߪ㄰ළ޿ߚߒ߹ߖࠎߩߢ‫ߩ⸃ੌߏޔ‬਄߅↳ㄟߺਅߐ޿‫ޔߚ߹ޕ‬ጁᱧᦠߪᧄᔕ൐ߩ↪ㅜߦ㒢ࠅ૶↪ߒ‫ޔ‬୘ੱᖱႎߪᱜᒰߥℂ↱ߥߊ╙ਃ⠪߳ߩ㐿␜‫⼑ޔ‬ᷰ෸߮⾉ਈߔࠆߎߣߪ৻ಾ޽ࠅ߹ߖࠎ‫ޕ‬ᐔᚑ  ᐕ  ᦬  ᣣ             ᧲੩ᄢቇ‛ᕈ⎇ⓥᚲ㐳                 ኅ   ᵏ ᒄ65໤଻ࡄ̺ͤ͢ల 5: ‫ے‬࿒჏Ȫలˍ࣢ȡలː࣢ȫ!
ల 5: ‫ے‬లˍ࣢! ! 311: ාː࠮!
‛ᕈ⎇ࠍㅌ⡯ߔࠆߦ޽ߚߞߡxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx 㤥↰ ኡੱ xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx‛ᕈ⎇ࠍ㔌ࠇߡxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx ጊญ  ᣿ xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx ↰ጊ  ቁ xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx 㡆ᶏ ᐽ㓶 xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx ᧁ᧛  ፏ xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxᄖ࿖ੱቴຬᚲຬࠍ⚻㛎ߒߡxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx Sergey Nemirovskii xxxxxxxxxxxxx Rashid. A. Ganeev xxxxxxxxxxxxxx‛ᕈ⎇ⓥᚲ⍴ᦼ⎇ⓥળ
٤╙ 2 ࿁ ᭂ㒢ࠦࡅ࡯࡟ࡦ࠻శ⑼ቇࡢ࡯࡚ࠢࠪ࠶ࡊ‫ޟ‬ᭂ㒢ᵄ㐳㗔ၞߦ߅ߌࠆశ⑼ቇߩᣂዷ㐿‫ޠ‬xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx‛ᕈ⎇ⓥᚲ⺣⹤ળxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx‛ᕈ⎇ⓥᚲ࠮ࡒ࠽࡯xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx‛ᕈ⎇࠾ࡘ࡯ࠬ٤ ੱ੐⇣േxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx٤ ᧲੩ᄢቇ‛ᕈ⎇ⓥᚲᢎຬ౏൐ߦߟ޿ߡxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx٤ ᐔᚑ 21 ᐕᐲ೨ᦼ⍴ᦼ⎇ⓥળ৻ⷩxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx٤ ᐔᚑ 21 ᐕᐲ೨ᦼᄖ᧪⎇ⓥຬ৻ⷩxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx٤ ᐔᚑ 21 ᐕᐲ೨ᦼࠬ࡯ࡄ࡯ࠦࡦࡇࡘ࡯࠲౒ห೑↪ណᛯ⺖㗴৻ⷩxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx٤ ᐔᚑ 21 ᐕᐲਛᕈሶ࿁᛬ⵝ⟎౒ห೑↪ណᛯ⺖㗴৻ⷩxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx٤ ᐔᚑ 21 ᐕᐲᓟᦼ౒ห೑↪ߩ౏൐ߦߟ޿ߡxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx٤ ᧲੩ᄢቇᣏ⾌ⷙ⒟ߩᡷᱜߦ઻߁಴ᒛᚻ⛯߈ߦߟ޿ߡxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx٤ ᐔᚑ 20 ᐕᐲᄖㇱ⾗㊄ߩฃ౉ࠇߦߟ޿ߡxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx٤ ‛ᕈ⎇ṛ࿷ဳ࿖㓙ࡢ࡯࡚ࠢࠪ࠶ࡊ㐿௅ߩ߅⍮ࠄߖxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx٤ Horiba-ISSP ࿖㓙ࠪࡦࡐࠫ࠙ࡓ ISSP11 㐿௅ߩ߅⍮ࠄߖxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxߘߩઁ٤ ᧲੩ᄢቇ᡼኿శㅪ៤⎇ⓥᯏ᭴߆ࠄߩ߅⍮ࠄߖxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx٤ ╙ 54 ࿁‛ᕈ⧯ᚻᄐߩቇᩞ㐿௅ߩ߅⍮ࠄߖxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx✬㓸ᓟ⸥‛ᕈ⎇ߛࠃࠅߩ⾼⺒ߦߟ޿ߡల 5: ‫ے‬లˎ࣢! ! 311: ා˓࠮!
ᐔᚑ 20 ᐕᐲቴຬᚲຬࠍ⚻㛎ߒߡxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx ᆂየ ੳ༹ xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx ᤐጊ ⚐ᔒ xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx 3 ᩊ↰ ዏ๺ xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx‛ᕈ⎇ߦ⌕છߒߡxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx ㊁ญ ⦟ผ xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx ᦸ᦬ ᢅశ xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx ฎᐭ㤗⴩ሶ xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx‛ᕈ⎇ࠍ㔌ࠇߡxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx 㒙ᦥ ዏᢥ xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx ᧻↰ ⌀↢ xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxᄖ࿖ੱቴຬᚲຬࠍ⚻㛎ߒߡxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx Mike Zhitomirsky xxxxxxxxxxxxxx
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‛ᕈ⎇ⓥᚲ࿖㓙ࡢ࡯࡚ࠢࠪ࠶ࡊ࡮⍴ᦼ⎇ⓥળ
 ٤“Supercomputing in Solid State Physics 2009”㧔‛ᕈ‛ℂቇߦ߅ߌࠆᄢⷙᮨ⸘▚ 2009㧕xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
ISSP ࡢ࡯࡚ࠢࠪ࠶ࡊ ٤᧲ᄢ࡮KEK ࡄ࡞ࠬ࠴࡚࠶ࡄ࡯ಽశེߣߘߩࠨࠗࠛࡦࠬxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx‛ᕈ⎇ⓥᚲ⺣⹤ળxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx‛ᕈ⎇ⓥᚲ࠮ࡒ࠽࡯xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx‛ᕈ⎇࠾ࡘ࡯ࠬ ٤ੱ੐⇣േxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx ٤᧲੩ᄢቇ‛ᕈ⎇ⓥᚲᢎຬ౏൐ߦߟ޿ߡxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx ٤಴ᒛଐ㗬ߩᑄᱛߦߟ޿ߡxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx✬㓸ᓟ⸥ల 5: ‫ے‬లˏ࣢! ! 311: ා 21 ࠮!
౒ห೑↪࡮౒ห⎇ⓥ᜚ὐߩ⹺ቯߦߟ޿ߡxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx ኅ  ᵏᒄ xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx‛ᕈ⎇ࠍ޽ߣߦߒߡxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx ⍹ᧄ ⧷ᒾ xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx‛ᕈ⎇ߦ⌕છߒߡxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx ⦼  㓳ੱ xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx⎇ⓥቶߛࠃࠅ  ٤᧖㊁⎇ⓥቶxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx‛ᕈ⎇ṛ࿷ဳ࿖㓙ࡢ࡯࡚ࠢࠪ࠶ࡊ
 ٤New Developments in Theory of Superconductivity㧔⿥વዉℂ⺰ߩᣂዷ㐿㧕xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx‛ᕈ⎇ⓥᚲ⺣⹤ળxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx‛ᕈ⎇ⓥᚲ࠮ࡒ࠽࡯xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx‛ᕈ⎇࠾ࡘ࡯ࠬ
٤ᐔᚑ 21 ᐕᐲᓟᦼ⍴ᦼ⎇ⓥળ৻ⷩxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx٤ᐔᚑ 21 ᐕᐲᓟᦼᄖ᧪⎇ⓥຬ৻ⷩxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx٤ᐔᚑ 21 ᐕᐲᓟᦼࠬ࡯ࡄ࡯ࠦࡦࡇࡘ࡯࠲౒ห೑↪ណᛯ⺖㗴৻ⷩxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx٤ᐔᚑ 22 ᐕᐲ೨ᦼ౒ห೑↪ߩ౏൐ߦߟ޿ߡxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx٤ᐔᚑ 21 ᐕᐲᄖㇱ⾗㊄ߩฃ౉ࠇߦߟ޿ߡxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx✬㓸ᓟ⸥ల 5: ‫ے‬లː࣢! ! 3121 ාˍ࠮!
KEK-ISSP ౒หᑪ⸳ಽశེ‫ޟ‬㜞ಽ⸃⢻࠴࡚࠶ࡄ࡯ಽశེ‫ߣ✲⚻ߩޠ‬ᑪ⸳⁁ᴫߦߟ޿ߡ ૒⮮  ථ xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx‛ᕈ⎇ߦ⌕છߒߡxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx ጊᧄ  ㆐ xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx ㄭ⮮ ᤩᒄ xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx‛ᕈ⎇ࠍ㔌ࠇߡxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx ᅏ↰ ᄥ৻ xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx⎇ⓥቶߛࠃࠅ ٤ട⮮⎇ⓥቶxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx ട⮮ ጪ↢ xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
ISSP ࿖㓙ࠪࡦࡐࠫ࠙ࡓ
 ٤Horiba-ISSP International Symposium on “Hydrogen and water in condensed matter physics” (ISSP11)xxxxx‛ᕈ⎇ⓥᚲ⍴ᦼ⎇ⓥળ ٤“࠺ࠖ࡜࠶ࠢ㔚ሶ♽ߩ‛ᕈгࠣ࡜ࡈࠚࡦ߅ࠃ߮㑐ㅪ‛⾰ߩᦨㄭߩ⎇ⓥ” xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx

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ISSP ࡢ࡯࡚ࠢࠪ࠶ࡊ ٤‫ޟ‬ᣂബ⿠Ḯߦࠃࠆ⴫㕙⇇㕙࠳ࠗ࠽ࡒࠢࠬ⎇ⓥߩዷᦸ‫ޠ‬xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx٤‫⇇ޟ‬㕙ࡄࠗ㔚ሶ♽ߦ߅ߌࠆᣂ⃻⽎ߣ‛ℂ‫̌ޠ‬Physics and New Phenomena of S-electronic Interfaces̍xxxxxxxxx‛ᕈ⎇ⓥᚲ⺣⹤ળxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx‛ᕈ⎇ⓥᚲ࠮ࡒ࠽࡯xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx‛ᕈ⎇࠾ࡘ࡯ࠬ ٤ੱ੐⇣േxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx ٤᧲੩ᄢቇ‛ᕈ⎇ⓥᚲᢎຬ౏൐ߦߟ޿ߡxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx‛ᕈ⎇ߛࠃࠅ╙  Ꮞ⋡㍳㧔╙㧝ภ㨪╙㧠ภ㧕xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
✬㓸ᓟ⸥


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༎ġ ਬġ ࢃġ ܱ ੹࿁ߩ‛ᕈ⎇ߛࠃࠅߪ⋓ࠅᴛጊߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ ߹ߕ‫ޔ‬KEK ߣ ISSP ߇౒หߢ J-PARC ߦᑪ⸳ࠍផㅴߒߡ޿ࠆ㜞ಽ⸃⢻࠴࡚࠶ࡄ࡯ಽశེߩᄢ┙૕ⷺᬌ಴ེߩᄢ߈ߐߦ㛳޿ߚ‫ޕ‬ ‛ᕈ⎇ߩ⌕છ࡮㔌છߩ⸥੐ࠍ⺒߻ߣ‫ߦߜ߁޿⧯ޔ‬᭽‫ߥޘ‬ᄢቇ߿⎇ⓥᯏ㑐ࠍ migrate ߔࠆߎߣ߇޿
߆ߦ㊀ⷐߢ޽ࠆ߆߇ࠊ߆ࠆ‫߿ࠢ࠼ࠬࡐޕ‬ഥᢎߪ㒢ࠄࠇߚᐕᢙߢᚑᨐࠍ᜼ߍߨ߫ߥࠄߥ޿ߩߢᄢᄌߛ
߇‫ޔ‬30 ᱦઍ߇ᔔߒ޿ߥࠅߦ߽ߞߣ߽లታߒߚ⎇ⓥ↢ᵴࠍㅍࠇࠆᤨᦼߛߣᕁ߁‫‛ޕ‬ᕈ⎇ߪ᪞ጊᴱߩࠃ
߁ߥߣߎࠈߥߩߢ‫ޔ‬ᄢቇ㒮↢߅ࠃ߮⧯ᚻ⎇ⓥ⠪ߪ⥄ಽߩ⊒ᗐࠍᵴ߆ߒߩ߮ߩ߮ߣᵴべߒߡ߶ߒ޿‫ޕ‬ ട⮮ᚲຬߩ⌕છ 5 ᐕᓟߩ⎇ⓥቶߛࠃࠅߪ‫ޔ‬ౝኈ߇ౕ૕⊛ߢ࡝ࠕ࡝࠹ࠖ⼾߆ߥ⸥੐ߣߥߞߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬
1997 ᐕߦ⑳߇‛ᕈ⎇㧔౐ᧄᧁ㧕ߦ⌕છߒߚߣ߈‫ޔ‬ട⮮ߐࠎߪ⏕߆੹↰⎇ߩඳ჻⺖⒟ᄢቇ㒮↢ߛߞߚ‫ ࠄ߆ࠇߘޕ‬12 ᐕ޽߹ࠅߚߜ‫ߚߞߛ࠻࡯ࡑࠬߡߟ߆ޔ‬ട⮮ߐࠎߪ੹߿⽾⑍චಽߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ ᧄภߢႎ๔ߐࠇߚࠪࡦࡐࠫ࠙ࡓ߿⎇ⓥળߩౝኈߪᤨઍࠍ߆ߥࠅ෻ᤋߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޟޕ‬Hydrogen andwater in condensed matter physics (ISSP11)‫ޔߪߢޠ‬りㄭߥ‛⾰ߥ߇ࠄࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯߿ⅣႺߩ
ⷰὐ߆ࠄㄭᐕ㊀ⷐᕈ߇ౣ⹺⼂ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ᳓⚛ߣ᳓ߦߟ޿ߡ‛ᕈ‛ℂߩⷞὐ߆ࠄ⼏⺰ࠍⴕߞߚ‫ޕ‬Ᏹⴕవ↢㧔᧲ᄢ㒮ℂ㧕ߣዊ↢߇ Co-chair ࠍઔߖߟ߆ߞߚߩߛ߇‫ޔ‬᭽‫ߥޘ‬ಽ㊁ߩታⴕᆔຬߩදജࠍᓧߡ⚿᭴㕙⊕޿ࠪࡦࡐࠫ࠙ࡓߦߥߞߚߣ⥄⽶ߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ࠢ࠶࡜ࠖ࠺ޟޕ‬㔚ሶ♽ߩ‛ᕈ‫ࠍࡦࠚࡈ࡜ࠣޔߪߢޠ‬ᆎ߼ߣߒߡߎߎᢙᐕߢ㘧べ⊛ߦㅴዷߒ⃻࿷ߢ߽ࡎ࠶࠻ߥ⹤㗴ࠍឭଏߒߡ޿ࠆૐᰴర࡮࠽ࡁࠬࠤ࡯࡞
‛⾰ߩ‛ᕈ߇⼏⺰ߐࠇߚ‫ޟޕ‬ᣂബ⿠Ḯߦࠃࠆ⴫㕙⇇㕙ߩ࠳ࠗ࠽ࡒࠢࠬ‫ޔߪߢޠ‬㜞ノᐲ᡼኿శ߿⿥⍴ࡄ࡞ࠬ࡟࡯ࠩ࡯߇ታ㛎ࠍవዉߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ࠆߊߡ߃⷗ࠎߤࠎߤ߇ߩ߽ߚߞ߆ߥ߃⷗߽ߡߊߚ⷗ߢ߹੹ޕ‬ࠃ߁ߦߥࠅ‫ޔ‬ᄢᄌᦼᓙߒߡ޿ࠆ‫⇇ޟޕ‬㕙Ǹ㔚ሶ♽‫ߪߦޠ‬ᱷᔨߥ߇ࠄᄐભߺਛߢ⑳⥄りߪෳടߢ߈ߥ
߆ߞߚ‫⺰ࡦ࡯ࠚࠪ̌ޕ‬ᢥ᝘ㅧ੐ઙ̍એ㒠ߒ߫ࠄߊߎߩಽ㊁ߪ࠳ࡔ࡯ࠫࠍฃߌߚ߇‫⃻ޔ‬࿷ߢߪ᭽‫ߥޘ‬ࡃ࠶ࠢࠣ࡜࠙ࡦ࠼ࠍᜬߟ⎇ⓥ⠪߇ෳ౉ߒ‫ߥࠣࡦࠖ࠹ࠗࠨ߽ࠠࠛߣߞ߽ޔ‬ቇ㓙⊛ಽ㊁ߣߥࠅߟߟ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ ਄⸥ߩࠃ߁ߥౝኈߩ⎇ⓥળ߇㗫❥ߦ㐿߆ࠇࠆࠃ߁ߦߥࠅ‫‛ޔ‬ᕈ⎇߽ᄌࠅߟߟ޽ࠆߣ⸒߃߫‫଻ޔ‬቞ᧄᵹߩ‛ᕈ‛ℂቇ⠪߆ࠄߪ߅ߒ߆ࠅࠍฃߌࠆߢ޽ࠈ߁߆㧫 ା  ᷕ