ðà
à®ÌÅt¤¶óÔÉ¨¯é¹ñfÏ`ÉæéÎÍ`¬Ì»ÌêÏ@öymçåãåwåw@Hw¤Èm\É@\n¬HwêUÀcGKåãåwåw@Hw¤Èm\É@\n¬HwêU

0871 åã{csRcu 2_1§565_
0871 åã{csRcu 2_1§565_

C. M. Gourlay

Imperial college, Department of Materials, Prince Consort Road, London SW7 2AZ

R¾

åãYÆåwHwðÊ@BHwÈ§574_8530 åã{ås_à 3_1_1gî^låãåwåw@Hw¤Èm\É@\n¬HwêU

0871 åã{csRcu 2_1
§565_

ã¾N

övàc@lPxõÈw¤Z^[iJASRIj §679_5198 ºÉ§²pS²p¬õs 1 Ú 1_1~J[ñövàc@lPxõÈw¤Z^[iJASRIj §679_5198 ºÉ§²pS²p¬õs 1 Ú 1_1v |¢vZXÉ¨¢Ä­¶·éÎÍâêÈÇÌ¢×ÌvöÌêÂÆµÄCÅt¤¶óÔÉ¨¯é¹ñfÏ`ÉæéÅÆtÌÌæÌª£ª°çêéBÏ`ßöÅÍÅ¯mÌÕËâtÌ¬®ÈÇªN±é½ßCÅÆtÌ^®ÍK¸µàêvµÈ¢B»Ì½ßÃÅãÌgD©çÅÍCÏ`ßöâÎÍ`¬Ì@\ð³mÉðÅ«È¢B»±Å X üC[WOðpµÄS|Þ¿CAl nÞ¿ðÎÛÉÅt¤¶óÔÅÌ¹ñfÏ`ðÅ±q
XP[ÅÔªð»ÌêÏ@ðsÁ½B{eÅÍCJ­µ½Åt¤¶óÔÅÌ¹ñfÏ`Ì»ÌêÏ@è@¨æ
Ñ¹ñfÏ`ÉæÁÄN±égDÏ»âÎÍ`¬@\ÉÂ¢ÄÐî·éBªsíêCÎÍðÄ»É\ª·é½­ÌV~

1. Í¶ßÉ
à®àÅÍZtitjðâp·éÆC®SÉÅÖ
ÆÃÅ·éOÉ

[V

ZpªJ­³êÄ«½1)BêûCãÒÉ¨¢ÄàCÅ¦ÌÏ»ÉæÁÄ®SÈtâÅÅÍÏ@³êÈ¢lXÈ

é·xÍÍÌÔCÅÆtª¤¶µ½Á«i¬®Á«CÍwÁ«jð¦·ÆµÄCÅt¤¶óÔóÔª¶ÝµC·xÉæÁÄÅÌiÅ¦jªÏ»ÅÌ¢@ÌñÄÈÇÃ­©ç¤ªÈ³êÄ«½2,3) B·éB±ÌÅÆtª¤¶µ½óÔiÈºCÅt¤¶ó½¾µCÅt¤¶óÔÅÌÏ`ÉæégDÏ»âÏ`@\ÔÆÄÔjÉ¨¢ÄCg¬ÌsÏêÅ

Ì»ÌàÌðÎÛÆµ½¤ª­È¢Ìª»óÅéÎÍÆÄÎêé

é2_8)B¢×ª¶¶é±ÆªmçêÄ¢éBÁÉêÂÌÅ±^ð¬ñ]³¹ÄSÍðpµÄ³¢ðs¤qÈã£ê½êÅÌg¬ÌsÏêÍ}NÎÍÆÄÎ

S¢@9)â³É¬Ånðà^ÉËoµÄÃÅ³

êC@BIÁ«Ìáºðµ­ÆµÄâèÆÈÁÄ¢éBÅ

¹é³¢@10) ÈÇÉ¨¢ÄCÅt¤¶óÔÅÌÏ`t¤¶óÔÉ¨¢Ä}NÎÍª¶¶éåÈvöÆµÄCªvöÆ³êéohÎÍÆÄÎêé¢×ª­¶·éBZ»tin¿Zxª½ÏZxæèà¢tjªÅÔFig. 1 ÍCAl àðS¢@ÉæÁÄì»µ½¨Ìfðz¦Ä¬®·éCàµ­ÍÅt¤¶óÔÌÏ`ÉæÁÄÊÊ^9) ÅÅÆtÌÌæªª£·é±Æª°çêéB¼ÒÆà

l[VÎÍÆàÄÔjªÏ@³êéB·x·¨æÑZx·Éæé©RÎ¬CMûkCÃÅûkC

éB¯S~óÉ`¬µ½ohÎÍi~

Fig. 2 É¦·æ¤ÉÅ¯mªÕËÂ\ÈéÅ¦ÌíXÌ¢vZXÉæÁÄ^¦çêéOÍÈÇªì®ÍÅt¤¶óÔÌgDÉÎµÄC¹ñfÍðóÁ·éÆCÆÈéBOÒÉ¨¢ÄÍCÀ±C_¼Ê©çÚ×È¤¹ñfÌæÉ¨¢ÄÅ¯mÌÕËÈÇÉæÁÄÅÌÔÌ

úËõ Sept. 2012 Vol.25 No.5  275(C) 2012 The Japanese Society for Synchrotron Radiation Research»ð³µ­ðµCÅt¤¶óÔÅÌÏ`¨æÑÎÍ`¬JjYÌð¾ðs¤½ßÉÍCÅ±qXP[ÅÌ»ÌêÏ@ªLøÅéBßNCSPring­8iú{jCAPSiÄjCESRFiEUj
ÈÇæ 3 ¢ãÌå^úËõ{ÝÉ¨¢Äd X üPFõÌ
zûC[WOðpµ½¤ª·ñÅéBd X üÍCà®Þ¿ð§ßÅ«é½ßCà®àÌñjóÅÌà
Ï@âÃÅÉÏ`ßöÌ»ÌêÏ@ªsíêÄ¢é13_17)BMÒçÌO[vÍ Sn àCAl àCZn àÌÃÅ»ÌêÏ@ðsÁÄ¨èC³çÉÍ±±NÌZp
Fig. 1Segregation bands in centrifugal casting (after Prof. I.
Ohnaka)9).

IÛèÌÉæèCZ_ÌS|Þ¿Ì»ÌêÏ@Zp
Ì\zÉà¬÷µÄ¢é14,18_22)B±êçÌZpðpµÄ
S|Þ¿â Al àðÎÛÆµÄÅt¤¶óÔÉ¨¯é¹ñfÏ`Ì®ðÅ±qxÅ»ÌêÏ@Å«éZpðJ­µ½BÅt¤¶óÔÅÌÂXÌÅ±qÌ^®Ì»ÌêÏ@©ç¹ñfÏ`ßöððµCohÎÍÈÇ¹ñfÏ`ÉæÁÄ­¶·é¢×Ì`¬JjYÌð¾ÉæègñÅ«½23_26)B{eÅÍCSPring­8 Ì BL20B2 ¨æÑ BL20XU É¨¢ÄñÀ{µÄ«½ X üC[WOðpµ½Åt¤¶óÔÉ¨¯éÏ`ßöÌÔªð»ÌêÏ@ÌÊÉÂ¢ÄJ­µ½»ÌêÏ@Zpàð¦ÄÐî·éB2. Åt¤¶óÔÉ¨¯é¹ñfÏ`Ì»ÌêÏ@uÌJ­
Fig. 2(Color online) Schematic of shear deformation.

S|Þ¿¨æÑ Al àðÎÛÉÅt¤¶óÔÉ¨¢Ä¹ñfÏ`Ì»ÌêÏ@ðs¤½ßÉJ­µ½À±uÌOÏð Fig. 3(a), (b)21)É¦·BFig. 3(a)ÍCBL20B2 ÌÀÔªLªèCüÍ©çtª¬ü·é±ÆÉæÁÄÅ±nb`àÌZbgAbvÅ

éB^ó`o[C^ó¦ªáºµ½ÌæªohóÉ`¬³êéBáÅ¦ÌÌ`o[pÌ X_Z Xe[WC¿pÌ X_Y_Z Xe[æÍCüÍ©çÌtÌ¬üÉæÁÄn¿Zxª­ÈéWCzûÂªzuµÄ½ßC±ÌÌæªÃÅãÉohÎÍð`¬·é±Æªw

ð§ß³¹é½ßÌª X üÌã¬¤Cº¬¤ÉÝ¯Ä

E³êÄ¢é11,12)BÅt¤¶óÔÌ¹ñfÏ`ßöÅÍC

èCÉÍ X üª¸µÈ¢æ¤ÉJvgðgpéB^ó`o[ÉÍCX üÅÌÚ®ÉÏ`CtÌÚ®¾¯ÅÈ­CÅ¯mÌÕµÄ¢éBzûÂÉÍC¿Zð\¬µÄ¢éA~iËÈÇÉæéÝìpªN±é½ßCÅÆtÌ^®ªðÝuµÄ¢éB±êÉæè¿Ì X ü§ßð¿ÌK¸µàêvµÄ¨ç¸CñÌ^®ÍñíÉ¡GÅ

È¢ZÌÝÌ X ü§ßÉæÁÄâ³µCmCYðéB»Ì½ßÃÅãÌgDÏ@©çÅÍCÅÆtÌ¬

·é±ÆªÅ«éBæÌÚ×21) ÉÂ¢ÄÍ{eÌªÇÌæ¤ÉÏ`µCÅªÇÌæ¤ÉÚ®µÄoÅÍ¤·éBFig. 3(b)ÍC^ó`o[àÌFÌOÏ

hÎÍð`¬µÄ¢éÌ©ð³mÉmé±ÆÍ¢ïÅÅéBFÍCOt@Cgq[^ð BN ÂÅ²ÝCà

éB±êÜÅÉCà®àÌÅt¤¶óÔÌÏ`»ÛÆµÉ¿Zðzu·é½ßÌóÔðÝ¯½\¢ÅÄÅ±q¯mÌªjó³êéñÃW»CÅ±q¯¿Ì·xðªè·é½ßÌMdÎªFÌ¤Ê©ç}ü³êéBmª·éÃW»3)CÅ±qÌÏ`5)CÝ©¯ÌÌÏÄ¢éBOt@Cgq[^¨æÑ BN ÂÉÍCX üoHc£iy¿HwÉ¨¯é_C^V[ÆÄÎêéÌÏÏ

ãÉ¿Ìå«³i10 mm pjÉ·éJûªéB»ÉÞµ½»ÛjÉæéÅ¦Ìáº11,12)ÈÇªñ³Åt¤¶óÔÅ¹ñfÏ`ð^¦é½ßÌ¿ZÌ\êÄ¢éBÜ½C±êçÌÏ`®ÍCÅt¤¶óÔÉ¨¢ð Fig. 3(c)É¦·Bú³150_200 mm Ì Al2O3 Â©çÈ¯éÅ¦CÅÌ±aC`ÔCtÌS«C¹ñf¬xé^ðì¬µC^àÉ¿i10 mm pCú³100_200

Ée¿³êéÆl¦çêC±êçÌöqðÏ»³¹½nmmjðzuµÄ¢éB^ðú³150 mm Al2O3 Â¨æÑIÈ¤ªKvÅ

¿Ìå«³É·éJûÌ

éB¹ñfÏ`ÉæÁÄ¶¶égDÏ

276  úËõ Sept. 2012 Vol.25 No.5

é BN Â Å ² Ý Cðà ¡ à®ÌÅt¤¶óÔÉ¨¯é¹ñfÏ`ÉæéÎÍ`¬Ì»ÌêÏ@

Fig. 3(Color online) Setup of in­situ observation of deformation in semi­solid alloys. (a) Vacuum chamber and stages(b) furnace21) (c) conguration of direct shear cell.

Al2O3 »ÌrXÆibgÅÅèµÄ¢éBZÌºÉÍC¿ÉÎµÄ¹ñfÍðóÁ·é½ßÌú³150
mmC 4_5 mm Ì A2O3 ÂðzuµÄ¢éBºÌ Al2O3

3. Åt¤¶óÔÌ¿Ìì»Æ§ß X ü­xðpµ½Å¦ÌZo

ÂÍ Z Xe[WÆÚ±³êÄ¨èCêèÌ¬xÅã¸³¹é±ÆªÂ\ÅéBX ür[ÌoHÉã¬¤©ç» Ì ê Ï @ Ì À ± Å p ¢ ½ S | Þ ¿ Ì g ¬ Í C Fe _2.08C_0.87Mn_0.45Siimass÷jÅ

éB±Ìg¬ÍC^ó`o[CX üoíªÝu³êÄ¢éBX ü¼ÅÌÆtÌª¤¶·é·xÍÍªL¢½ßCÅ¦ð§ä

ÚÏ·^BÇÌ SATICON27) ðp¢Ä§ßðBeµµâ·¢Bà^Ìõ½ÌüãÈÇVµ¢¢@ÆµÄ½BÚ

³êÄ¢é¼nZÁH@iÅt¤¶óÔÅ¢ðs¤è@j`o[àð10|1 Torr É¸³µC¿ð]ÌÅªèCßN CS|Þ¿ Éàp·é ¤ªiñ Å¢¦ÌÅt¤¶óÔÆÈéæ¤ÉêèÌ·xiS|Þ¿F

é8,28,29)B{g¬ÍCÅ¦§äÌeÕ³©ç¼nZÁH

1200_1500
CCAl àÞ¿F500_600CjÉÛ·éB±@ÉKpÂ\ÈóâÅà

éBdÝg¬Ì²ðA[NÌC¿Ìº©ç Al2O3 ÂðXebsO[^ÉænðuÉæÁÄ®SÉnðµC»Ìã}â·é±ÆÉæèêè¬xi30_50 mm/sjÅ}üµCÅt¤¶óÔÌèêàðì»µ½B»ÌêàðèÌå«³ÉØfC¿ÉÎµÄ¹ñfÍðóÁµC»Ì¹ñfÏ`ßöÌ§ÁHµ½¿ðZàÉÝuµCÅt¤¶óÔÌ·xÍÍßðBeµ½B§ßÌRgXgªÅÇÆÈéæ¤ÜÅ¸·µCÉ X üGlM[ðS|Þ¿CAl àÞ¿Å»ê¼ê20¤¶óÔÌ¿ðì»µ½B

é·xÅêèÉÛ·é±ÆÉæÁÄÅt

keVC15 keV ÆÝèµ½BS/N äðüã³¹é½ßÉ§ßðÏZµ½BÏ@ìª¨æ» 5 mm pÅZTCYÍ5.1 mm Å
éB

èCsN

éBIõÔÍ¨æ» 1 s Å

3.1Åt¤¶óÔÌ X ü§ßÅÌ`Ô¨æÑ±aªÙÈéñíÞÌÅt¤¶óÔÌgDðì»µ½23)BFig. 4 ÍC¹ñfÏ`OÌ½Ï±qa(a) 310 mmCib) 120 mm ÌÅªªUµ½gDÌ X ü§ßÅéBtæèàÅÌ§xª¢½ßCPxÌá

¢FÌÌæªÅCPxÌ¢DFÌÌæªtÅ éB
Fig. 4(c), (d)Í Fig. 4(a), (b)ÌgàÌÅ±qðgåúËõ Sept. 2012 Vol.25 No.5  277

ISI0e|(m L )e|(m Lalloy)(3.2)|(mcellLcell) |(mLLalloy)

(3.3)

cell

ILI0ecellSe|(mcellLcell) |(mL(Lalloy|LS)) |(mSLS)ISLI0e

e

e

(3.4)

I0 ÍüË X ü­xCmcell, mL, mS ÍC»ê¼êA~iZ
CtCÅÌüzûWÅéBLcell, Lalloy, LS ÍC»ê¼êA~iZC¿CÅÌú³ÅéB(3.2)®©ç(3.4)®æèCÅÌ X ür[ûüÅÌ·³ÌäÍ
LS ln ISL|ln IL

Lalloy ln IS|ln IL
ÎÛÆ·éÅt¤¶óÔÌ
Fig. 4Microstructures prior to shear of (a) the 310 mm sample and(b) the 120 mm sample. (c and d) Magnied views of the box
surrounded by the white dashed line in (a) and (b). The out­
er solid­liquid interface is traced in black and the entrappedliquid is highlighted white23).

(3.5)

éÌæ D É¨¯éÅ¦mgs]D Í®Å\³êéB[gS]D

ln ISL|ln IL
ln IS|ln IL(3.6)(3.6)®æèZoµ½Å¦igsjÍC±a310 mm ÌÅµ½ X ü§ßÅéBFig. 4(c)ÌÅÅàÉàïµ½

ªªUµ½¿É¨¢Äñ40÷ÅéB½¾µCÅtðFÅ¦·BÜ½ Fig. 4(c), (d)ÅÅÌÖsðàÉÜÜêÄ¢étÌigint
L jªæðÍÉæèñ

FÅ¦·B±a310 mm ÌÅªªUµ½¿É¨¢

25÷ÅÄCÅÍàÉtðàïµÄ¨èC`ÔÍcÅéBéBÂÜèàï³ê½tðÜßéÆC±a310

mm ÌÅªªUµ½¿É¨¢ÄCÅ¯mªÝìp±ÌgDÉÞµ½Åt¤¶óÔÉ¨¯éÅÍ¼ÌS|

ðyÚ·LøÅ¦ genv(gint
L {gS ) ÍCñ65÷ÅÞ¿É¨¢Äàñ³êÄ¨èC``Cloudy­like'' ÆÄÎêêûC±a120 mm ÌÅªªUµ½¿ÌÅ¦ÍñÄ¢é28) BåÉfhCgÆÄÎêé÷}óÌgDð

55÷Å

éB

éB

Änðµ½É¾é±ÆªoéBêûC±a120 mm ÌÅªªUµ½¿ÅÍCÅÍÙÚóÉß­CàÉtÍÜÜêÄ¢È¢B²»ÆÄÎêé·×ÄÌûüÌ
¡@ªÙÚµ¢Å±q©ç¬égDðÄnð·éÆ¾
é±ÆªoéBñíÞÌgDÌÅÌ`Ôð]¿·é½ßÉÈºÅ\³4. Åt¤¶óÔÌ¹ñfÏ`Ì»ÌêÏ@
4.1±a310 mm Ìtªàïµ½ Cloudy­like `óÌÅªªUµ½¿±a310 mm ÌÅªªUµ½¿Ì¹ñfÏ`Ì»Ì
êÏ@ÌÊ23)ð Fig. 5 É¦·BFig. 5(a)ÍCEº©ç½êé`óöqiShape factor: Fjðp¢½B

Ï±qa(d)Å1.9ÂªiÈº1.9d Æ\·jAl2O3 Âð}ü
F4p

A
U2

(3.1)

µ½¹ñfÏ`ãÌgDÅ

éB®CAl2O3 ÂÍ40 mm/s

ÌêèÌ¬xÅã¸µÄ¢éB±±ÅCFig. 5(a)Ì¢ohóÌªÍC¿ð²ñÅ¢é Al2O3 ÂÌêÉ¨±±Å A Í±qÌÊÏCU Í±qÌüÍ·ÅÌê¢ÄCüËµ½ X üªubOÌ½Ëðð½µÄüF Í 1 ÆÈéB±a310 mmC120 mm ÌÅªªUµ½

ÜµC¿ãûÉzuµÄ¢é X üoíÉÙÆñÇ X¿É¨¢Ä»ê¼ê0.64C0.94ÅüªBµÈ©Á½±ÆÉNö·éB»Ì½ßgDÌÏ»Éä×ÄèCOÒÌÅªãÒ©çå«­Oê½`óÅé±Æªª©éBÆÍ³ÖWÅ

éBFig. 5(b)Íñ 2dª ³çÉ Al2O3 Âð}üµ½ãÌgDÅ

3.2§ß X ü­xðpµ½Å¦ÌZo

éBÁÉ_üÅÍÜê½¹ñfÌæßTÉ¨¢ÄÅ¦ªáºµÄ¢éÌªª©éBÜ½C¹

Åt¤¶óÔÉ¨¯éÅ¦ÍCX ü§ß­xðpñfûüÉÁÄÙÚohóÉáÅ¦ÌÌæªLªÁ

µÄZoµ½24)B100÷Å ISC100÷t IL ¨æÑÅtÄ¢éBFig. 5(a)©çñ0.7d ÔuÌ X ü§ßð Fig. 5(c¤¶óÔ ISL ÌÌæð§ßµ½§ß X ü­xÍÈºÌæ¤_f)É¦·iFig. 5(a)Ì_üÅÍÜê½ÌæÌgå}jBÅ

É\³êéB

±qXP[ÅÅÌ^®ð¾ÄÉ»ÌêÏ@·é±Æ

278  úËõ Sept. 2012 Vol.25 No.5

ðà ¡ à®ÌÅt¤¶óÔÉ¨¯é¹ñfÏ`ÉæéÎÍ`¬Ì»ÌêÏ@

Fig. 5Microstructures (a) before and (b) after a 2d increment of Al2O3 push­plate motion. (c_f) Four frames from thebox surrounded by dashed black lines in (a) and (b). (g_j) The dilation of the globule assembly, highlighting ve
globules, labeled A_
E, which is involved with the dilation event. Liquid regions between globules are dened as
white and globules boundaries are traced black23).

É¬÷µÄ¢éB¹ñfÍÌóÁÉÂêÄXÉÅÌÔ

\ÍCAl_Cu àÌÅt¤¶óÔÅÌ¹ñfÏ`Ì»ÌÌÔªLªèCÅ¦ªáºµÄ¢­ßöªmFÅ«êÏ@ÌÊÆ¯lÅé24,25)B

éB±±ÅCÅ¦áºÉñ^µÄ¢é 5 ÂÌÅÌ®
«ÉÚµ½BFig. 5(g_j)É Fig. 5(c_f)É»ê¼êÎ·

4.2

é X ü§ßð¦·B}É¨¢Ätð¢ÌæÅ¦±a120 mm ÌÙÚ`ÌÅªªUµ½¿±aª120 mm Å`ÔªÙÚóÌÅªªUµ½gDµCÅÌÖsðÅ¦µÄ¢éBÜ½Å¦áºÉåÉÉÎµÄà4.1ßÆ¯lÌÀ±ðsÁ½23) BFig. 6(a)ÍC

ñ^µÄ ¢é 5 ÂÌÅ ð A ©ç E Æµ½B ºû©çEº©ç3.8d ª Al2O3 Âð}üµ½¹ñfÏ`ãÌgD

Al2O3 Âªã¸·éÉÂêÄCA ©ç BCB ©ç C ÖÆÅÅ¯mªÕË·é±ÆÉæÁÄÍª`d·éB±¢Ä CÅã¸µÄ¢éBñ2.2d ª³çÉ Al2O3 Âð}üµC¹

éBAl2O3 ÂÍ4.1ßÆ¯lÉ40 mm/s ÌêèÌ¬xªµã°çêé±ÆÉæèCC_E ÔCC_D ÔÌEÊªñfÏ`ðs¤ÆC±a310 mm ÌÅªªUµ½¿ÆÚ®iih)©ç(jjjµCE ð¶ûüCD ðãûÖÆµã¯lÉ¹ñfÌæßTÉ¨¢ÄÅ¦ÌáºªÏ@³ê½°éBD_E ÔÌÅÌÔªLªéÛCüÍ©çtªiFig. 6(bjjBÜ½áÅ¦ÌÌæÍC¹ñfûüÉÁÄ¬êÞ±ÆÉæÁÄÅ¦ªá¢Ìæª`¬³êéBÅÙÚohóÉLªÁÄ¢éB±±ÅÅ¦ªáºµ½

±qxÅÌ»ÌêÏ@ÌÊ©çC¹ñfÍÌóéÌæÉ¨¢ÄÅÆtª¤¶µ½Ìæª¹ñfÏ`ÉÁÉæÁÄN±éÅ¯mÌÕËÉæéÍÌ`dÉæÁæÁÄÇÌæ¤ÉÏ`µ½Ì©ð²×½BFig. 7 É¦·æÄCÅÌñ]CÚ®ðº¤ÅÌÄzñªN±èCÅÌ¤ÉÅt¤¶óÔÌÔÌÔªLªÁ½ÊCÇIÉt¦ªÁ·é±ÆÏ` ÉæèÅ ÌÍwÉ¨ ¯é®SÅÌ ÌÏ`Æ¯ lÉ
Dx 
Dy 
i Fig. 7 ( b jj Ö Æ Ï ` · é Æ l ¦ ½ B &uy / &x,ªª©Á½B{À±É¨¢ÄCLøÅ¦Íñ65÷Å

éÌæ DxDyiFig. 7(ajjª¹ñfèC¹ñf¬xÍñ10|3 s|1 ÆñíÉx¢½ßCtÌ&ux / &y Í»ê¼ê x, y üfÌûüÌÏ»ð¦·B¹ñf

¬®ÍärIeÕÅ

Ï`ßöÉ¨¯éÅÌÊuðÇÕ·é±ÆÉæÁÄ Fig.

éÆl¦çêéBÅÌÔÌÔªLªÁÄà·®ÉüÍ©çtª¬êÞ±ÆÉæÁÄÅ6(a)Ì_üÅ¦µ½ Fig. 6(c)ÌÌæªCFig. 6(b)Ì_¦Ìá¢Ìæª`¬³êéB±ÌáÅ¦ª`¬³êé@üÅ¦µ½ Fig. 6(d)ÖÆÏ`µÄ¢é±Æªª©Á½B}

úËõ Sept. 2012 Vol.25 No.5  279

ÌÏc£ð³Ì_C^V[ÆÄñÅ¢éB»ÌêÏ@
À±É¨¢ÄSÌÌÅt¤¶óÔÌ¿ÌÌÏÏ»Ís¾
ÅéÌÅCK¸µà¯êÉµ¦È¢ªCÇIÈÌæÉ¨¯é¹ñfÏ`ÉæéÝ©¯ÌÌÏÁÍC_C^V[ÆÞµ½»Û24)Å

éÆ¾¦éB

2.2d ªÌ¹ñfÏ`ÌÔCeÅÌÚ®ÌOÕð²×½BFig. 6(e)ÍC2.2d ªÌ¹ñfÏ`ÌÔCBeµ½30t
[Ì X ü§ßð½Ï»µ½æÅéBÜ½ Fig. 6(f)ÍCFig. 6(a)Æ Fig. 6(b)Ì X ü§ßðärµC·×ÄÌÅÌÚ®ûüðîóÅ¦µ½BAl2O3 ÂOûÅÍe
ÅÍÙÚãûÉÀiÚ®µÄ¢éªª©éB¹ñfÌæÉßÃ­ÉÂêÄ¹ñfûüÉÎµÄ¼ûüÌ¬x¬ªªå«­Èè¶ãûüÉÚ®µÄ¢éBÜ½C¹ñfÌææèà¶¤ÌæÉ¨¢ÄCéöx£ª£êéÆÅÌÚ®ÍÙÚÈ­ÈèCÅÌ¬êÍãºûüÅ[vð`¬µÄ¢È¢B¹ñfûüÉÎµÄ¼ûüÌ¬x¬ªª­¶·éÌÍCÅ¯mÌÕËÈÇÌÝìpª­¶µÄ¢é½ßÅèCÅt¤¶óÔÁLÌ^®Å

éBÜ½C¹ñfÌæßTÉ¨¢ÄÚ®ûüª×Ú·éüÍÌÅÆ
Fig. 6Microstructures (a) before and (b) after a 2.2d increment of
Al2O3 push­plate motion. (c and d) Magnied views of thebox surrounded by the white dashed lines in (a) and (b),where liquid regions are lled white and solid­liquid inter­faces are traced in black. (e) The average transmitted imageof 30 frames during the 2.2d increment of deformation. (f)The crystal displacement between (a) and (b)23).

ä×ÄíEµ½ÅªèCîóÔÌpx·ªå«¢Ìæª©çêéB±±ÅCFig. 6(c_d)É¦·æ¤ÉÅ¦ªáº µ½Ì æð Fig. 6(f)ÉdË í¹ ½B_ üª Fig. 6(cjCÀüª Fig. 6(d)ÌÌæÅ

éB±ÌÌæàÉ¨¢Ä×è¤îóÔÌpx·å«¢ÅªÏ@³êÄ¨èCÅÌÄzñÉæÁÄÅÌÔÌÔªLªèCÅ¦ªáºµ½±Æð¦µÄ¢éB

4.3ÅÌ`Ôª¹ñfÏ`É^¦ée¿

4.2ßÅÍCÙÚ

óÌÅÌ¿ÉÎµÄ¹ñfÍðóÁ·éÆC¹ñfÌæÌÇIÈéÌæÉ¨¢Ä©

©¯ÌÌÏªÁµ½±ÆÉÂ¢Äq×½iFig. 6jB±±ÅÅÌ`Ôª¹ñfÏ`É^¦ée¿ð²×é½ßÉC
Fig. 7 Schematic of shear deformation model in semi­solid state.

4.1ßÅÌ Cloudy­like `ÔÌÅÌ¿Ì¹ñfÏ`ÌÀ±Ê©çÇIÈÌæÅÌ¹ñfÏ`ÉæéÌÏÐ¸ÝÌÏ»ÉÂ¢Ä²×½BFig. 8(a)ÍCFig. 5(a)Ì_üÌÌæàÌgDÅ

éBÅ±qÌÖsðüÅ¦µÄ¢É¨¢Ätð¢ÌæÅ¦µCÅÌÖsðÅ¦µéB¹ñfÏ`³¹é Al2O3 ÂÌ}ü£ÍC4.2ßÌÙÄ¢éBñ³½ÊÅl¦éÆtÌª3.6÷©çÚóÌÅÌ¿Ì¹ñfÏ`Æ¯¶ñ2.2d ÅéB

7.8÷ÖÆÁµÄ¨èC¹ñfÏ`ÉæÁÄÅ¦ªá¹ñfÏ`ßöÉ¨¢Ä Fig. 8(a)àÌÅÌ^®ðg[ºµÄ¢é±Æª©éBÜ½Cú³ª¹ñfÏ`OãÅÏX·é±ÆÉæÁÄ Fig. 8(b)ÖÆÏ`µÄ¢é±Æªª©

»µ È ¢Æ l ¦é Æ CÌ Ï Ð ¸Ý ª ñ 8 ÷ Á µ Ä¨Á½B¹ñfÏ`ÉæèÅ¦ªáºµÄ¨èCÜ½CúèCÅ¦ÌáºÉæÁÄÝ©¯ÌÌÏªÁµÄ¢éB³ª¹ñfÏ`OãÅÏ»µÈ¢Æl¦éÆCÌÏÐ¸Ý

¹ñfÏ`ÉæéÝ©¯ÌÌÏÏ»ÍCGourlay çÉªñ15÷ÁµÄ¨èCÅ¦áºÉæÁÄÝ©¯ÌÌæÁÄ Al àÌÅt¤¶óÔÅÌ¹ñf±É¨¢ÄNÏª ÁµÄ ¢éBÙÚ±é±ÆªwE³êÄ«½11_12) BÅt¤¶óÔÅÌ¹ñ

8 ÷ÌÌÏÐ¸ÝÌÁjÆä×éÆCÌÏÐ¸ÝÌÁfÏ`ÉæÁÄN±éêÊIÈ»ÛÆµÄCy¿HwÌîb»ÛÅ

é_C^V[30) ª

éB±êÍCOa»ÈÇÅÆtª¤¶·éóÔÉ¨¢Ä¹ñfÍðóÁ·éirðºjÆÌÏÏ»ªN±é»ÛÅ

280  úËõ Sept. 2012 Vol.25 No.5

éBÁÉóÌÅÌ ¿Ìê iñÌªå«¢±Æªª©éB]ÁÄCÅÌ`ÔªÉß¢êÌûªCÅ¦ÌáºÌª¬³¢BÅ»ÌàÌÌ`Ô¾¯ÅÈ­CÅªÂXÉ^®µÄ¨ç¸CÃWµÄêÂÌNX^[ð`¬·éêÉ¨¢ðà ¡ à®ÌÅt¤¶óÔÉ¨¯é¹ñfÏ`ÉæéÎÍ`¬Ì»ÌêÏ@íE·é½ßC¹ñfÏ`ÉæÁÄ`¬³êéáÅ¦ÌÌæàå«­ÈéB]ÁÄCÅÌ`Ô¾¯ÅÈ­CÅ¯mÌÃWÉæéNX^[`¬àÅt¤¶óÔÉ¨¯é
¹ñfÏ`ÉæéáÅ¦ÌæÌ`¬ðl¦éãÅdvÈ
öqÆÈéB

Fig. 8Microstructures (a) before and (b) after a 2.2d increment of
Al2O3 push­plate motion.

5. Åt¤¶óÔÌ¹ñfÏ`Ì»ÌêÏ@Ì¡ãÌWJ{eÅÍCÅ¦55_65÷ÌÅÌ`ÔÌÙÈé¿ÉÎµÄ¹ñf¬x10|3 _10|2 s|1 Å¹ñfÍðóÁµ½Ì¹ñfÏ`Ì»ÌêÏ@ðs¢CÅÌ^®ÌÏ@©
çáÅ¦ÌÌæªohóÉ`¬³êé@\ÉÂ¢Äðàµ½B{À±ÅÌÅ¦¨æÑ¹ñfc¬xÅÍC¹ñfÏ`ÉæÁÄÅÔÉÔª`¬³êÄàCtÌ¬®
«Íå«¢½ßC·®ÉtªüÍ©ç¬êñÅáÅ¦ÌÌæð`¬·éB½¾µCÅ¦Å©Â¬¢¹ñf

Fig. 9

Example of a cluster of globules, which is traced in white in(a) before and (b) after push­plate motion23).

¬xÉÈéÆtÌà­È­ÈèCtÌ¬®«àáº·é½ßCÏ`ßöâÎÍ`¬Íå«­Ï»·éÆ\ª³êéBßNC¬xJÌ±üÉæèCX üC[WOðpµ½ÃÅßöCÏ`ßöÌ¬BeªÂ\ÆÄàÅSÌÌ`ÔªÏíé½ßC¹ñfÏ`ÉæéáÅ

ÈèÂÂé34)BBL20XU É¨¢Äñ100 mm ±qÌÅ¦ÌÌæÌ`¬Ée¿ðyÚ·Æl¦çêéBÅt¤¶ªªUµ½Åt¤¶óÔÌ Al àÌ¿É¨¢Ä 5 mm/óÔÉ¨¯éÅÔÌÍCÅ_ÅÔÌ±EGl

pixel ÌóÔªð\Cñ 4 ms ÅÌÔªð\ÅÏ`ßöÌM[igssjªÅ_tÌEÊGlM[igsljÌ 2 {æ»ÌêÏ@É¬÷µÄ¢éBAl_Cu àðÎÛÉ¹ñfèàá¢igss2gsljÉMÍwIÉÀèÅ

¬x10|1 s|1CÅ¦70÷ÌêÉ¨¢ÄC¹ñfÏ`É

éÆñ³
ssjÍC

æÁÄLªÁ½ÅÔÖÌtÌ¬üªRµC¢vÅÔÌ»ûÊ·ÉË¶µÄ¨èC»ûÊ·ª¬³¢ZXÌêÌ´öÆÈéóÌ`¬ßöª¾ÄÉÏ@³êÄ¢é

31_32)BÅ_ÅÔÌ±EGlM[igÙÇá­ÈéB»ûÊ·ª15ÉÈéÆ±EGlM[

êÄ¢éB¡ãÍñjóÅ 2 ³ÌfÊÊ^ðA±IÉ

gss ªEÊGlM[ gsl Ì 2 {Éµ­ÈéÌÅCÅÔ

BeµÄ 3 ³\¢ÆµÄÄ\¬·éRsÌ»ûÊ·ª15æè¬³¢ÍCÅÌÔÉøÍª­OtB[iCTjÌè@ÆgÝí¹é±ÆªÅ«êÎC«CÅ¯mÌÃWªN±éBtÉ»ûÊ·ª15ð´O³óÔÅÌÏ`ßöÌÏ@àÂ\ÆÈèCO³ÅÌ[^g¦éÆËÍª­«ÅÔÉtªüèCÅ¯mÌÃWÍ

ÅÔÌÊuÖWâÅÌÏ`ÈÇÌ¹ñfÏ`ÉæÁÄN±çÈ¢B½¾µC{À±ÅÌÅ¦Í55_65÷Å

N±égDÏ»ÉÖ·éÚ×Èm©ª¾çêéÆúÒ³ê

½ßCÅt¤¶óÔÉ¨¢ÄÅÌÚ®ÍeÕÅéèC×

éBÜ½C¹ñfÏ`ßöÌ»ÌêÏ@ÉæéÎÍ`¬@è¤Å¯mÌ»ûÊ·ª15ÈºÉÈém¦Íñí\Ìð¾¾¯ÅÍÈ­C»ÌêÏ@©ç¾çê½ÀØIÈ

É¬³¢Æl¦ç¦éBßÌ¤32) ÉæèCÅt¤¶gD`¬ÉÖ·ém©ðîÉ¢×Ì\ªÉá¸Éü¯óÔÌ Al àÉ¨¢ÄÅ±qÔÌ»ûÊ·ª15È½Ï`}NfÌ\z33) C³çÉÍ}NfðºÌðð«µÄ¢éÍñ 7 ÷ÅîbÆµ½V~èCå¼ÌÅ

[VJ­àúÒ³êéB

±qÔÉÍtª¶Ý·éÆl¦çêéB{À±É¨¢ÄÍêÌÅ±qÉ¨¢ÄÅ¯mªÃWµ½NX^[ªÏ@³ê½23) BFig. 9(a)ÍC4.2ßÌÙÚ`ÌÅÓ«{eÅÐîµ½¤Í SPring­8 Ì BL20B2CBL20XU

ªªUµ½¿Ì¹ñfÏ`ÌÀ±É¨¢ÄÏ@³ê½

ÉÄÀ{µ½·úpÛèiÛèÔF2008A(B)0014CÅÌNX^[Å2009A ( B ) 0014 j ¨ æ Ñ ê Ê ¤  Û è i Û è Ô  FéBgÅÍÜê½ÅÌNX^[ª¹ñfÍÌóÁÉæÁÄ Fig. 9(b)Ìæ¤ÉCN

2010A1420C2011B1096jÌ¬ÊÅéBÅt¤¶óÔX^[àÌÅÔÌEÊÌÊuðÏ¦é±ÆÈ­CêÌÆÅÌ¹ñfÏ`Ì»ÌêÏ@ZpÍC½¬20_22Nxú{µÄñ]µÄ¢éÌªª©éB±ÌNX^[àÌÅÍ

S|¦ïY­vWFNgWJS|¤É¨¢ÄJ­³ê

ÃWµÄ¢éÆl¦çêéBÅÌNX^[»ÉæÁÄ½BÜ½C{¬ÊÌêÍÈw¤ïâàiîÕ¤ CÅ¯mÌÝìpðyÚ·ÅÌ`Ôªi Û è Ô  F 24560910 jC î Õ ¤  A i Û è Ô  Fó©çå«­

úËõ Sept. 2012 Vol.25 No.5  281

24246124j¨æÑîÕ¤ SiÛèÔF24226018jjà
ÜÜêÄ¢éB±êçÌ¬ÉÎµÄ[­´Ó¢½µÜ·B

Ql¶£
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
6)
7)
8)
9)

10)
11)
12)
13)
14)

15)

16)
17)

18)

19)

J. A. Dantzig and M. Rappaz: Solidication, EPFL Press(2009), 567.
S. A. Metz and M. C. Flemings: AFS Trans. 78, 453 (1970).
M. C. Flemings: Metall. Trans. 22A, 957 (1991).
C. P. Chen and C.­Y. A. Tsao: Acta Mater. 45, 1955 (1997).
E. Tzimas and A. Zavaliangos: Acta Mater. 47, 517 (1999).
E. Tzimas and A. Zavaliangos: Mater. Sci. Eng. A 289, 228(2000).
T. Sumitomo, D. H. StJohn and T. Steinberg: Mater. Sci.
Eng. A 289, 18 (2000).
M. Kikuchi and R. Kopp: Ann, of the CIRP 51, 653 (2002).
I. Kang and I. Ohnaka: Proc. of the 4th Decennial Interna­
tional Conference on Solidication Processing (7_10 July1997), Univ. Sheeld, UK) 346 (1997).
S. Otarawanna, C. M. Gourlay, H. I. Laukli and A. K. Dahle:
Mater. Charact. 60, 1432 (2009).
C. M. Gourlay and A. K. Dahle: Nature 445, 70 (2007).
C. M. Gourlay, B. Meylan and A. K. Dahle: Acta Mater. 56,
3403 (2008).
R. H. Mathiesen, L. Arnberg, F. Mo, T. Weitkamp and A.
Snigirev: Phys. Rev. Lett. 83, 5062 (1999).
H. Yasuda, I. Ohnaka, K. Kawasaki, A. Sugiyama, T. Ohm­ichi, J. Iwane and K. Umetani: J. Cryst. Growth 262, 645(2004).
N. Mangelinck­Noel, H. Nguyen­Thi, G. Reinhart, T.
Schenk, V. Cristiglio, M. D. Dupouy, J. Gastaldi, B. Billia
and J. Hartwig: J. Physics D 38, A28 (2005).
B. Li, H. D. Brody, D. R. Black, H. E. Burdette and C. Rau:
J. Physics D 39, 4450 (2006).
S. Terzi, L. Salvo, M. Suery, N. Limodin, J. Adrien, E.
Maire, Y. Pannier, M. Bornert, D. Bernard, M. Felberbaum,
M. Rappz and E. Boller: Scr. Mater. 61, 449 (2009).
H. Yasuda, Y. Yamamoto, N. Nakatsuka, T. Nagira, M.
Yoshiya, A. Sugiyama, I. Ohnaka, K. Umetani and K. Uesu­
gi: Int. J. Cast Met. Res. 22, 125 (2008).
H. Yasuda, Y. Yamamoto, N. Nakatsuka, M. Yoshiya, T.

282  úËõ Sept. 2012 Vol.25 No.5

20)

21)

22)

23)

24)

25)

26)

27)
28)
29)
30)
31)
32)
33)

34)

Nagira, A. Sugiyama, I. Ohnaka, K. Uesugi and K. Umetani:Int. J. Cast Met. Res. 22, 15 (2009).
H. Yasuda, T. Nagira, A. Sugiyama, M. Yoshiya, N.
Nakatuska, K. Uesugi and K. Umetani: Bulletin of The Iron
and Steel Institute of Japan (Ferrum) 15, 9 (2010).
H. Yasuda, T. Nagira, M. Yoshiya, N. Nakatsuka, A.
Sugiyama, K. Uesugi and K. Umetani: ISIJ Int. 51, 402(2011).
H. Yasuda, T. Nagira, M. Yoshiya, M. Uesugi, N. Nakatsu­
ka, M. Kiire, A. Sugiyama, K. Uesugi and K. Umetani: IOP
Conf. Ser. Mater. Sc. Eng. 27, 012084 (2011).
T. Nagira, C. M. Gourlay, A. Sugiyama, M. Uesugi, Y.
Kanazawa, M. Yoshiya, K. Uesugi, K. Umetani and H.
Yasuda: Scripta Mater. 64, 1129 (2011).
C. M. Gourlay, A. K. Dahle, T. Nagira, N. Nakatsuka, K.
Nogita, K. Uesugi and H. Yasuda: Acta Mater. 59, 4933,(2011).
C. M. Gourlay, T. Nagira, A. K. Dahle, N. Nakatsuka, K.
Uesugi and H. Yasuda: IOP Conf. Ser.: Mater. Sci. Eng. 27,
012086, (2011).
T. Nagira, H. Yokota, S. Morita, H. Yasuda, M. Yoshiya, C.
M. Gourlay, A. Sugiyama, K. Uesugi and K. Umetani: Tet­su­to­Hagane, (2012) submitted for publication.
K. Umetani, K. Uesugi, M. Kobatake, A. Yamamoto, T.
Yamashita and S. Imai: Nucl. Instr. Meth. A 609, 38 (2009).
W. P äuttgen, W. Bleck, G. Hirt and H. Shimahara: Adv. Eng.
Mater. 9, 231 (2007).
A. Rassili and H. V. Atkinson: Trans. Nonferrous Met. Soc.
China 20, s1048 (2010).
O. Reynolds: Philos. Mag. 20, 469 (1885).
R. D. Doherty, H. Lee and E. A. Feest: Mater. Sci. Eng. 65,
181 (1984).
E. Tzimas and A. Zavaliangos: Mater. Sci. Eng. A 289, 228(2000).
S. Morita, H. Yasuda, T. Nagira, C. M. Gourlay, M. Yoshiya
and A. Sugiyama: IOP Conf. Ser.: Mater. Sci. Eng. 33,012053 (2012).
H. Yasuda, T. Nagira, M. Morita, A. Sugiyama, N. Nakatsu­
ka, M.Kiire, M. Uesugi, K. Uesugi, K. Umetani and K.
Kajiwara: IOP Conf. Ser.: Mater. Sci. Eng. 33, 012036(2012).

ðà ¡ à®ÌÅt¤¶óÔÉ¨¯é¹ñfÏ`ÉæéÎÍ`¬Ì»ÌêÏ@

ÒÐî
öymç

åãåwåw@Hw¤Èm\É@\n¬HwêU ³E­mail: nagiraams.eng.osaka­u.ac.jpêåFà®CZ~bNXÌÃÅÉ»¬·mªðn
2004Nåãåwåw@}eApH
wêUmÛöC¹CmiHwjBåã
åwåw@Hw¤È}eAÈwêUÉÁC³õCåãåwåw@Hw¤Èm\É@\n¬HwêUÉèCCyA
JbWhÉqõ¤õC2004
N 7 æè»EB

R¾

åãYÆåwHwðÊ@BHwÈ ³ö
E­mail: sugiyamatm.osaka­sandai.ac.jpêåF¢V~ [Vmªðn
1996Nåãåwåw@Hw¤ÈèàHwêU mÛöC¹CmiHwjBÊ
¤YÆÈHÆZp@¼Ã®HÆZp¤
É¤õCåãåwåw@Hw¤Èm\
É@\n¬HwêUÉèCåãYÆåw
åw@Hw¤ÈAgvi[êUÉqõ³öCåãYÆåwVwÝuõºÉ³öC2011Næè»EB

gî^l

ÀcGK

åãåwåw@Hw¤Èm\É@\n¬HwêU ³öE­mail: yasudaams.eng.osaka­u.ac.jpêåFà®É_»¨ÌÃÅÉ»¬·v
ZXÆgD§ämªðn
1991Nsåwåw@Hw¤Èà®ÁHwêU mÛöC¹CHwmBåãåwHwÞ¿J­HwÈÉèCmbe
BKåwÉqõ¤õC}T` [ZbcHÈåwÉqõ¤õCåãåwHw
Þ¿J­HwÈÉ³öCåãåwåw
@Hw¤Èm\É@\n¬HwêUÉ³öC2004N 4 æè»EBåãåwåw@Hw¤Èm\É@\n¬HwêU y³öE­mail: yoshiyaams.eng.osaka­u.ac.jpêåFdqÉ´qx_vZCV~
[VÉæéÞ¿¨«\ªmªðn
2000NsåwHw¤ÈÞ¿HwêUmÛöC¹CmiHwjBú{wpU»ïÉÁÊ¤õiPDjC[Xo[N[§¤Éqõ¤õCàc@l
t@CZ~bNXZ^[ÉåC¤õCåãåwåw@Hw¤Èm\É@\n¬HwêUÉ³öCàc@lt@C
Z~bNXZ^[Éqõ¤õC
2005N 9 æè»EB

C. M. Gourlay

ã¾N

Imperial college London, Department ofMaterials, Royal Academy of Engineering
Research Fellow
E­mail: c.gourlayimperial.ac.uk
êåFSolidication Processing of alloysmªðn
University of Queensland PhD in Materials
Engineering University of Queensland,
Postdoctoral Research Fellow in Rheologyof semi­solid alloys Imperial College Lon­don, Royal Academy of Engineering
Research Fellow in 2008.

PxõÈw¤Z^[p£iå¤õE­mail: uekenspring8.or.jp
êåF}CNgOtB[Æ»Ìpmªðn
2000NHÆåwåw@Hw¤ÈmÛöÞC2000N 4 æè»EB~J[ñPxõÈw¤Z^[Ép¤£iå å²¤õE­mail: umetanispring8.or.jpêåFãpæHwmªðn
1981N}gåwåw@CmÛöI¹C¯
Nú§»ì¤üC1998Næè»ECãwmB

úËõ Sept. 2012 Vol.25 No.5  283

In situ observation of shear deformationin semi­solid alloys
Tomoya NAGIRA

Department of Adaptive Machine Systems, Osaka University,
2_1 Yamadaoka Suita, Osaka 565_0871, Japan

Hideyuki YASUDA

Department of Adaptive Machine Systems, Osaka University,
2_1 Yamadaoka Suita, Osaka 565_0871, Japan

C. M. GOURLAY
Akira SUGIYAMA

Department of Materials, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK

Masato YOSHIYA

Department of Adaptive Machine Systems, Osaka University,
2_1 Yamadaoka Suita, Osaka 565_0871, Japan

Kentarou UESUGIJapan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute,
1_1_1, Kouto, Sayo­cho, Sayo­gun, Hyogo 679_5198, Japan

Keiji UMETANIJapan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute,
1_1_1, Kouto, Sayo­cho, Sayo­gun, Hyogo 679_5198, Japan

Abstract

Department of engineering, Osaka Sangyo University,
3_1_1 Nakagaito Daitou, Osaka 574_8530, JapanThe shear deformation of partially solid microstructures due to the solidication shrinkage, andthe external forces during the casting process is related to casting defects including macrosegre­
gation and cracking. The direct approach for understanding the shear deformation is to observe
deformation in situ at a grain scale. In­situ observation was carried out to study the dynamics ofthe globule motion using X­ray imaging technique. This paper reviews the in­situ observation tech­nique for the shear deformation and the deformation mechanisms in semi­solid alloys. Direct evi­
dence is presented for the shear deformation including shear­induced dilation in semi­solid carbon
steel.

284  úËõ Sept. 2012 Vol.25 No.5