News from the GGOS DOI Working Group
Kirsten Elger and the GGOS Working Group on DOIs for Geodetic Data Sets
kirsten.elger@gfz-potsdam.de/ GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences

In October 2019, the International Association of Geodesy’s (IAG) Global Geodetic
Observing System (GGOS) has established a Working Group on “Digital Object
Identifiers (DOIs) for Geodetic Data Sets”.
Group members are representatives of IAG Services and geodetic data centres that areinvolved with or interested in assigning DOIs to geodetic data(c. 40 members and associated members).
The Working Group is designated to establish best practices and advocate for theconsistent implementation of DOIs across all IAG Services and in the greater geodeticcommunity.

Group Activities and Strategy• Discussions on DOI-related topics during regular video conferences:
granularity, hierarchical DOIs, DOIs for products, FAIR, PID, metadata, …
• Presentation of outcomes during EGU, GGOS Days, AGU, IAG GA, IVS GM, UAW, …

• The group was established perfectly at the right time!
– There is a large interest in using DOIs for data across the geodetic community(FAIR principles, need for credit)– Increasing DOI-related activities internationally• We cannot provide a single one-fits-all solution. Different data may requiredifferent solutions

Outcomes: DOI for time series/ product types(1)

DOIs for product „types“ or observational networks are preferred toDOIs for individual data files (e.g. GNSS networks, reprocessing products,temporal gravity models, campaign data…)(2)

These DOIs for growing time series shall serve for citation purposes andnot for identifying individual data streams (similar to DOIs for seismicnetworks)(3)

DOIs for products that are rapidly „outdated“ (rapid and ultra rapidproducts) are supported only if the data are archived for the long term.

Outcome: Concept for DOI for Hierarchical Data Products
COMBINATION PRODUCTIndividual monthly field solutions are produced by different
International Analysis Centres(AC) and are later combined to
the COST-G combination
product („best fit model“)

10.5880/ICGEM.COST-G.001

COST-G Monthly
GRACE(-FO) Series

GRACE(-FO) MONTHLYGRAVITY FIELD SOLUTIONS FROMDIFFERENT ANALYSIS CENTERS

AC GFZ, GERMANY

AC GRGS, FRANCE

AC CRS, US

AC AIUB, SWITZERLANDCOST-G = Combination Service for Time-variable Gravity Fields; AC = Analysis Center

AC ITSG, AUSTRIA

Outcome: Concept for DOI for Hierarchical Data Products
the DOI metadata of theCombination productincludes the citation of all
original products from theACs using the relation
type „Is Derived From“.

COMBINATION PRODUCT
10.5880/ICGEM.COST-G.001

AC GFZ, GERMANY

AC GRGS, FRANCE

COST-G Monthly
GRACE(-FO) Series

AC CRS, US

AC AIUB, SWITZERLAND

COST-G = Combination Service for Time-variable Gravity Fields; AC = Analysis Center

AC ITSG, AUSTRIA

DOIs for entire processing chain of ITRF2020: Two steps(1) Hierarchy of processing chain can be reflected by DOIs:▪ DOI for each TRF (ITRF, DTRF, JTRF); containing/ citing…
▪
DOI for each intra-technique combined contribution (IDS, IGS, ILRS, IVS) containing…
▪
DOI for each technique-specific AC contribution; containing…
▪
DOI for each space-geodetic station, correlator, operations center,…
(2) All contributors within the Technique Services (stations, ACs, CCs, DCs,…)
are co-authors in the DOI of the Technique‘s Combination Product:➢ Example when generating ITRF2014: Combined IVS contribution▪
About 300+ authors = all contributors within IVS (= „IVS Associates“)▪

Citation: "Nothnagel, A., et al.; International VLBI Service for Geodesy andAstrometry (IVS); 2015: The IVS data input to ITRF2014. International VLBI
Service for Geodesy and Astrometry, GFZ Data Services.
https://doi.org/10.5880/GFZ.1.1.2015.002”
Daniela Thaller: DOIs for ITRF2020 Processing Chain, IERS DB Meeting No. 72, 04.05.2021 ‫ ׀‬Page 6courtesy: Daniela Thaller (BKG)

Outcome: New DOI Service for ISG Geoid Models• Collaboration ISG/GFZ Data Services• DOIs for geoid models in ISG 2.0 Format• Cross-links between GFZ Data Services(DOI Landing Page) and the ISG Geoid Repository
ISG Geoid Repository

Data Catalogue

DOI Landing Page

Described in: Reguzzoni, M. et al (2021). Open access to regional geoid models: the International Servicefor the Geoid. Earth System Science Data, 13(4), 1653–1666. https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-13-1653-2021

Outcome: DOIs for GGOS (Text) Publications
DOI assignment to GGOS Documents• „GGOS Strategic Plan“• „GGOS Implementation Plan“• Possibly: „GGOS Terms of References“(with reference to the Geodesist‘s Handbook)
IAG Documents• Travaux – General and Technical Reports• Chapters of the Geodesist‘s Handbook(to be discussed with Springer-Nature)• Rinex format description?

• Uniform layout→ GGOS ReportSeries• Collaboration
between GGOS
(publisher) or IAG(publisher) andGFZ Data Services(distributor)

Funded byFAIR-GNSS Project 2021-2022• Coordinator: RoyalObservatory of Belgium(ROB)• EUREF, EPOS, IGS• Turning GNSS products
into FAIR Digital Objects• Contribute to thestandardization of GNSS
data citation• New Open Data Portal forEuropean and Belgian
GNSS data

PI: Carine Bruyninx (ROB, GGOS DOI WG)

https://fair-gnss.oma.be/Complexity of GNSS Data with respect to networks• A GNSS network may be managed by one agency, but not all agencies organise
their GNSS stations as networks• Not all GNSS stations are associated with a network (also a strict hierarchicalorganisation of GNSS networks would require a central coodination for networkcodes)• some networks have different licenses for different product types of the samenetwork• Some networks are only making parts of the data available• Some stations are part of several networks• …

GNSS Data: Proposed Solution• One DOI for the ongoing datameasured with one GNSS station• Different data products derived fromthe station may have different DOIs
(with individual licences)Proposed Solution
1. DOIs are assigned to the data of GNSS stations (resourceType = dataset)
2. GNSS stations are part of networks (relatedIdentifier IsPartOf, HasPart)
Relations in DOI metadata:
Stations 1-7 are part of Network A
3
1

Stations 7-10 are part of Network B

8

Stations 6-7 are part ofNetwork A and Network B

642975

Network A has 7 parts10Network A has 5 parts
11Station 11 is not part of any network

Development of Metadata recommendations for GNSS Data

Persistent Identifier (PID) → Key for FAIR datafor data, software, texts
https://doi.org/10.5880/GFZ.1.1.2021.001 (Data)

uniquely identifying
persons
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5140-8602 (Kirsten Elger)

List of funders with DOIs
https://doi.org/10.13039/501100001659 (DFG - Germany)

New PID for Institutions
https://ror.org/04z8jg394 (GFZ Potsdam)→ PIDS ARE RESOLVABLE AND MACHINE-ACTIONABLE

Metadata recommendations for GNSS Data: Strategy(1) Initial discussions with FAIR GNSS project and members of the the GGOS Infrastructure groupthat are currently further developing GeodesyML; (2) discuss results with GGOS DOI WG• The FAIR Principles (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, Reusable) are key guidelines• Retrieve as much metadata from site logs or GeodesyML• Include PIDs, like ROR, ORCID, DOI in DataCite metadata and in GeodesyML and define relation
types• Develop recommendations of content for specific DataCite fields that can be also used beyond
GNSS data (e.g. repository = publisher, agency = creator, local partners = contributors)• Expected output: Document describing the recommendations, similar to the FDSN
Recommendatations for seismic network DOIs (https://doi.org/10.7914/D11596)

Members:

GGOS Working Group for Digital Object Identifiers(DOIs) for Geodetic Data Sets
Thank you for
Pierre Fridez
Markus Bradke
your attention!!
Yehuda Bock

Jim Riley

Carine Bruyninx

Yusuke Yokota
Daniela Thaller

Glenda Coetzer

Detlef Angermann

Mirko Reguzzoni

Laurent Soudarin

Daniela Carrion

Elizabeth Bradshaw
Sylvain Bonvalot
Chair: Kirsten Elger (GFZ)

Philippe LamotheElmas Sinem Ince
Vicente Navarro

Dan Roman

Associate Members: Godfred Amponsah, Sandra Blevins, Roelf Botha, Francine Coloma, Allison Craddock, MichaelCraymer, Theresa Damiani, Basara Miyahara, Patrick Michael, Mike Pearlman, Nacho Romero, Christian Schwatke,Martin Sehnal, Ira Sellars, Lori Tyahla, Elisabetta d‘Anastasio