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Schematic drawing of the Earth's interior.

Fig. 2 A photo of the mantle xenolith from San Carlos, USA withperidotitic composition (left), and bulk chemical composi­tion of pyrolitic mantle (right).

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Schematic layout of the Brillouin scattering measurement
system combined with synchrotron radiation and infraredlaser heating system of BL10XU beamline at SPring­8. Red,
blue and green lines indicate the incident CO2 laser, X­rayand diode­pumped laser, respectively. Light green and pale
red lines indicate the scattered light and transmitted lightthrough the sample. SR, synchrotron radiation; M, mirror;
L, lens; BS, beam splitter; BE, beam expander; ZSP, ZnSe
plate; PD, photodiode; DM, dichroic mirror; ID, iris di­aphragm; CF, color lter; VND, variable ND lter; RP,retardation plate; RPF, rotational polarized lter. MS,
microscope.

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Fig. 8Fig. 7Whole view of the Brillouin scattering measurement system
combined with synchrotron X­ray diraction and laser heat­ing systems at BL10XU of SPring­8. Green, white and redlines indicate the schematic optical paths for Brillouin scat­tering measurement, X­ray diraction measurement andlaser heating system, respectively. A DAC mounted on mul­
tiaxial stage is equipped with the water­circulated coolingsystem for minimizing the cell temperature during laser heat­ing.

Brillouin spectra of BK7 at ambient condition.

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ÅÌªèðÂ\É·é½ßÉC{VXeÉ¨¢ÄÍCÊtg Dv ©çC¿Ì³óÔÅÌüÜ¦ÉËç¸e«íäXª DAC ¿ÌÁMpÉgpµÄ¢éñ 1 mm öxg¬xðßé±ÆªÅ«é±Æð¦µCÜ½C³mÈe

Ìg·ðL·é NdFYAG [U[â YLF [U[ÅÍ«g¬xð¾é½ßÉÍCÎÌUp u ð¸xÇ­ßÄÈ­C»Ìñ10{Ìg·ÌY_KX[U[iEvolution

374  úËõ Nov. 2010 Vol.23 No.6

ðà ¡ Brillouin UyÑ X üñÜ¯ªèVXeðp¢½·³ðºÉ¨¯ée«g¬xªè

3. X ü¡¯ªèVXeÌ]¿
Brillouin UCÔOü[U[ÁMðgÝñ¾CXü¡ªèVXeÌ±üÉæèC±êÜÅBµ¾È©
Á½}g[É·é·³óÔÅÌe«g¬x¨æÑ X üñÜ¯ªèª´IÉÂ\ÆÈéBµ©µOqµ½Æ¨èC±êÜÅÉ±Ìæ¤ÈÉÀðÉ¨¯éBrillouin U  ª è Ì ñ  Í ¢ ¾ ¬ ³ ê Ä ¢ È ¢ ½ ß C
[U[ÁMÉ¨¯é{¡¯ªèVXeÌ]¿ªKvÆÈéB{ÅÍ³ðÉ¨¢ÄärIá¢Z_ð
LµCÂ»ÌZð»ÛªeÕÉ»èÅ«é H2O ÌªèðáÉ·³ðÅÌ{¡ªèVXeÌ]¿ÉÂ¢Äq×½¢BÇ¿Ì Brillouin Uf[^æ¾Év¿³êé¢§ß«ÆÃ³«ð¦·tÌ H2O ¿ÍC{VXe]¿ÉÆÁÄñíÉKµ½W¿Æ¾¦éB³ðÅÌtÌ H2O ÉÖ·é Brillouin UªèÉÂ¢ÄÍC5 GPa ÈºÌá³ÍðÉ¨¢Ä±êÜÅOM
® DAC ðp¢½À±ÉæéÊª¢­Â©ñ³êÄ¢é9) BOM® DAC Íq[^[ðp¢Ä DAC uSÌðÁMµÄ³¿ð·óÔÉ³¹éuÅéªC{uðp¢½À±ÅÍC¿ðü·éà®KXPbgÆ¿Åé H2O ª¤É·óÔÉ³ç³êé½ßC·óÔÅÌà®KXPbgÆ¢½«ðL·é H2O ÆÌ½ªð¯çê¸C½Å¶¬³êéà®_»¨âfÌ¿ÖÌ¬üÊªÁMÔÆÆàÉÁµCÊÆµÄ
Fig. 9Enlarged image (upper gure) and schematic view (lowergure) of the combined system around the DAC. Red, blackand green lines indicate the optical paths for CO2 laser heat­ing, X­ray diraction and Brillouin scattering systems,
respectively. Pentagonal optical bench can be moved verti­
cally and horizontally for adjusting the DAC position to thecollimated X­ray position. Laser focusing and guiding optics
for CO2 laser heating system has remotely­operable linear
translation stages. FL, focusing lens; OL, objective lens; M,
mirror; CM, amorphous carbon mirror.

È H2O g¬Ìe«g¬xðªè·é±Æª¢ïÉÈéÆ¢¤å«ÈZpIâèªéBêûC{VXeÅÌpµ½[U[ÁMÍC¿TCYÉÎµÄ[U[v[uª\ª¬³¢WõTCYÅ

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®KXPbgÆ¿Ì½ÌâèðÅ¬»Å«éÆ¢¤å
«È_ª

éB

Fig. 10 ÉÀ±Ì H2O ¿Ì°÷¾Ê^ð¦·B±±ÅÍCà®ijEjKXPbgÌñ100 mm aÌ¿ºàÖ

100, SYNRAD: l10.59 mmjðÁMp[U[ÆµÄÌðüãC5.5 GPa ÜÅ¸³µXáÉÈÁ

½lqð¦µÄ¢é(AjB»ÌãC[U[ÁMðJn·pµ½BFig. 6, 9 É¦·æ¤ÉCWõµ½ÁM[U[ÍéÆC[U[ÌzbgX|bgüÓªZðµÄã¬ X ü¤©ç DAC Ì¿ÖÆüËµÁMðs¢C

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ðp¢Äj^[·é±ÆÉæè·xªèðsÁÄ¢éB

i2200 KjÅÍÔMõª»êéÌªª©é(CjBiD)É

Fig. 9 É¦·æ¤ÉC[U[ÁMð§ä·é·×ÄÌõ¦·æ¤ÉCeXÌóÔÉ¨¢Ä Brillouin UªèpÌwnÍ¼ÌVXeÆÌ¨IÉõwI±Âðð¯ézuv[u[U[ð¿ºÖüË·é±ÆÅe«g¬xÌÆÈÁÄ¢éBÜ½CüË X üÌpXðÊé`Ézu³èðs¤±ÆªÂ\ÆÈéB±ÌªèÉCv[uêé DAC Ì¼ßÉ

é~[ÌÞ¿ÉÂ¢ÄÍC³pÈ

[U[Æ¯ÊuÉOqµ½úËõ X üüËÊuð

ç

ñÜs[Nðð¯é½ßÉAt@XJ[{ðÌpµ©¶ß²®µÄ¨­±ÆÅCX üñÜÌ¯ªèðsÄ¢éBÈ¨CDAC üÓÌ[U[ÁMõwnSÌÍü

¤±ÆªÅ«éBFig. 11 ÉÍC»ÌeXÌóÔÉ¨¯éË X üÆ¼ûüÉLÑé[ãÉÝu³êCÁM

Brillouin Uf[^ð¦µ½BÁMOÉÏ@³êéXáÈOÌõwn²®ÍC[U[ÁMõwnÉÏXðÁ

Ìcg¹¿[hÉR·és[NiVP jÍCZ_Ü¦é±ÆÈ­ÞðÅ«éVXeÆÈÁÄ¢éiFig. 6jB

ÅÁMµ½_ÅÁÅµCæèáüg¤iá¬x¤jÉ

úËõ Nov. 2010 Vol.23 No.6  375

4. º}g\¬z¨Ìe«g¬xªè
4.1´³ÍðÅÌ MgO Ìe«gªèÆº}
gÌz¨wfº}gÌåv\¬z¨Íå«­iMg, Fe)SiO3
ð å ¬ ª Æ · é ] _  y  u X J C g  i Pv  j ÆiMg, Fe)O ðå¬ªÆ·étFyN[XiFp jÌ 2 Å\¬³êÄ¢éÆl¦çêÄ¢éBOqµ½º}gÌz¨wfÆµÄñÄ³êÄ¢épCgfÍ Pv Æ Fp ª¨æ» 4F1 ÌÏäð¿CR
hCgfÍæè Pv ÉxÞàÌÆl¦çêÄ¢éB]ÁÄCº}g\¬z¨Å
Fig. 10

Photomicrographs of the H2O in a DAC at 5.5 GPa at room
temperature (A), at melting temperature (B), at 2200 K(C) and during Brillouin scattering measurement (D). The
sample chamber is `100 mm in size.

é Pv Æ Fp Ìe«g¬xðè·é±ÆÍ±Ìz¨wIfð¼Ú
§ñ·é±ÆÉÈèCñíÉdvÅ
¬ªÅéBPv Ì Mg [

é MgSiO3 yuXJCgÌe«g¬xªèÊÍßNCMÒçÆCmCåwÌ¤¯¤Éæè³Í
ñ1.0 Mbar ÜÅÌº·ÅÌf[^ªñ³êÄ¢éêûÅ10)CFp ÉÂ¢ÄÍCº}gÅ[ÜÅÌe«g¬xªèÍÈ³êÄ¢È¢B»±ÅC±±ÅÍ Fp Ì
Mg [¬ªÅé MgO ÅÌÅº}g³Íiñ1.3

MbarjÉéº·´³ÍðÅÌe«g¬xªèÌÊÉÂ¢ÄÐîµ½¢11)B{À±èÉÂ¢ÄÍOÅà¾µ½àÌÆÙÚ¯¶Åé ªC{À ±ÅÍÃ³«ÌüãÌ ½ßC½ »Ì

MgO Ì¿iúÝñ40~Njª_ChAr
É¼ÚÚµÈ¢æ¤ãºÉ³Í}ÌÂfMÞÌprÆµÄ NaCl Ì¢wiúÝ10~NÈºjð²Ýñ¾B
À±Í 6 ÂÌÙÈé³kV[YÉ¨¢Äs¢C³Í0.1`1.3 Mbar ÜÅÌ³ÍÍÍÉ¨¢Äv18_É¨¢Äe«g¬xªèðsÁ½Bº·³kÀ±É¨¢ÄÍC³kÆÆ
Fig. 11

Brillouin spectrum of H2O before heating, during heating
and after quenching.

àÉ¿ÌcÝª~Ï³êC¿ºàÉå«È·Íª¶¶Cf[^Ì¿ðµ­¹È¤Â\«ªé½ßC{À±ÅÍCæ¾f[^Ì¿ÌüãÌ½ß³Íñ0.7 Mbar É¨¢Ä{ªèVXeÉ±ü³ê½ÔO[U[ÉæéÁM¨¢ÄZðµ½©çÌ VP ª»êéÌª©ÄæêéB³çÉÔMðº¤æ¤È·ÌðÉ¨¢ÄàC©çÌiAj[jðs¢C³ÍðÉ¨¯é¿ºàÌ·Íy¸ðÚwµ½B

VP ÍÏ@³êéªC¯ÉobNOEhÌG¹M

Fig. 12(A, B, C)ÉÍC»ê¼ê 1 Mbar ðz¦½ðÅ­xªZðÉä×ÄLÓÉ­ÈÁÄ¢é±Æªª©

Ì 2 ³ X üñÜCX üñÜp^[¨æÑ BrillouinéB»ÌãC[U[oÍðØè¿ð}â·éÆC·Uf[^ð¦µ½B±Ì}©çí©éæ¤ÉC±Ìæ¤Ì VP ªÁÅµÈ´³ÍðºÅà¿©çÌñíÉüµ¢ X üñÜ

ÅÏ@³ê½G¹MÌ­xÍºªèCÄÑXáÌ VP ðmF·é±ÆÅ«½B

Æ Brillouin f[^ªæ¾Å«½±Æªª©éBFig. 12CÈ ã Ì Ê © ç C X ü ¡ ¯  ª è VX e  É¨ ¢É¨¢ÄÍC¿©çÌñíÉV[vÈ¡g¹¿[hÄC­È­Æà{À±ÅsÁ½æ¤È 5 GPa öxÌá³

ÉR·é Brillouin s[NiVSjªÏ@³ê½ªCcg

ÍðÅÍÇ¿È Brillouin Uf[^ðæ¾Â\Åé

¹¿[hÉR·és[NiVP jÍ®SÉ_CÆ¢¤±Æªª©Á½BÅÍCº}gÌ·x³hArÌ VS ÉBêÄµÜÁÄ¢é±Æª©ÄæêéB

ÍÉ¦µ½æèµµ¢ðÅÌº}g\¬z¨Ìe

Fig. 13 ÉÍC{À±Å¾çê½ MgO ¿Ì¡g¬xÌ³«g¬xªèÉÊÉÂ¢ÄÐî·éBÍË¶«ðCßÌá³ÍðÅÌÀ±ÊÆ_vZÌÊÆ¤É¦µ½B±±ÅÍC{À±f[^ðLÀcÝÌ
®ÅtBbeBOµ½àÌðÀüÅ¦µÄ¢éB{tB376  úËõ Nov. 2010 Vol.23 No.6

ðà ¡ Brillouin UyÑ X üñÜ¯ªèVXeðp¢½·³ðºÉ¨¯ée«g¬xªè

Fig. 13

Shear acoustic wave velocities of MgO as a function of pres­sure at 300 K (black circles). Third­order Eulerian nite
strain t is shown in black line. Open circles and dotted line
indicate previous experimental results by Brilloin scattering
measurements (Sinogeikin and Bass, 2000; Zha et al.,2000). Open upward and downward­pointing triangles indi­cate the results by computational calculations using rst
principles at 0 K (Karki et al., 1997) and 300 K (Karki etal., 1999).

ð¦µÄ¢éÆ¾¦éBFig. 14 ÉÍCMgO [¬ªÌÀ±ÊÆÆàÉCSð¢­ç©ÜL·énÅÌe«¦Ì³Í
÷ªÌlàvbgµ½B±êð©éÆCe«¦Ì³Í÷ªlÍSÌÜLÊÉÙÆñÇËçÈ¢Æ¢¤±Æð­­¦´µÄ¢é±Æªª©éB{À±Å¾ç©ÉÈÁ½ MgO Ìº}gÅºðÉ¢½éÜÅÌe«g¬xÌÊÍCnº}g

Ìz¨wÉÎµÄæè­¢§ñð^¦éB±±ÅÍC{À±ÊÆOLµ½ MgSiO3 yuXJCgÌÊ10) Æ¹¹ÄÄ\zµ½º}gÌz¨wfÉÂ¢ÄÈ
PÉq×½¢Bf\zÉ¨¢ÄÍCOqµ½æ¤ÉiMg, Fe)SiO3 yuXJCg¨æÑiMg, Fe)O Ì
2 ª»êé MgO_SiO2 _FeO ÌO¬ªnÌP»µ½º}gðzèµCº}gÌã\IÈ·xùzÉ]Á½ 2 Ì¡g¬xiVsjÌÏ»ðvZ·é±ÆÅsFig. 12 2­dimensional X­ray diraction image of MgO at 107 GPa(A). X­ray diraction pattern of MgO at 128 GPa. The
wavelength of the X­ray is 0.27976 Å (B). Representative
high pressure Brillouin spectrum at 107 GPa (C). VS, shear
acoustic mode of the Brillouin shift.

Á½B»Ì¼Ì¬xvZÌ½ßÌû@CMe«p[^ÉÂ¢ÄÍC·×Ä Stixrude

andLithgow­Bertelloni,

200512) É]Á½BFig. 15 ÉÊð¦·B±ÌÊ©çÍæ¸º}gÌnkgfiPREMji\Ûjª
Pv iÛjÌ¬x©gÆ¬xùzªñíÉß¢±Æª©ÄæêéBÜ½ Fp iÂÛjÉÂ¢ÄÍC]ÌÊ

beBOÌÊ©çÍCí³ÅÌe«g¬xiVS j¨©ç±©ê½¬xvt@CæèàLÓÉá¢¬xÏ»æÑe«¦iGC«¦jÌlÍßÌ¤ÊÆñíÉ

ð¦·±Æªª©éB»µÄC±Ì¼Ì¬xvt@CÇ¢êvð¦·ÌÉÎµÄCe«g¬x¨æÑe«¦Ì³©çCPREM fðÅàæ­Ä»·éz¨fðÍ÷ªiùzjÍCßÌÀ±f[^ª¦·læèàLÓ

vZµ½ÊCPv ª92÷àÌÌÏðèßéº}gÉá¢lð¦·±Æª¾ç©ÉÈÁ½iTable 1jB±êÍCÌz¨wfª±«¾³ê½BÔüÅ¦³ê½C»Ìá³Íi5 GPa ÈºjÅ¾çê½À±f[^ðº}gxXgtBbgJ[uÍCPREM ©çÌ¸êª½ÏµÄ³ÍðÉÜÅO}·é±ÆÉNö·éå«Èsm©³

0.1÷ÈàÆÈèC}©çàª©éÆ¨èCº}gúËõ Nov. 2010 Vol.23 No.6  377

Table 1

Selected aggregate elastic properties of MgO

Source

G0
(GPa)

G
0

G
0
(GPa|1)VS0(km/s)

VP0(km/s)

max P
(GPa)

Experiments
This study (3rd order)This study (4th order)
Sinogeikin and Bass (2000)
Zha et al. (2000)
Yoneda (1990)
Jackson and Niesler (1982)
Spetzler (1970)
Chopelas (1996)Þ

130.9(11)130.3(25)130.2(10)130.4(17)
131.1
130.9
131.1
130.9(5)1.92(2)
1.92(11)
2.21(10)2.85(9)
2.41
2.53
2.45
2.56

\
|0.020(2)\|0.084\|0.033\|0.030(10)6.04(2)9.70(5)128

Brillouin spectroscopy

6.03(2)
6.06(3)
6.05
6.04
6.05
6.05(1)

9.69(2)9.68(4)
9.70
9.69
9.70
9.70(2)

18
55
8
3
0.8
37

Brillouin spectroscopy
Brillouin spectroscopy
Ultrasonic interferometry
Ultrasonic interferometry
Ultrasonic interferometry
Flourescence spectroscopy

TheoryKarki et al. (1997)
Karki et al. (1999)

122
128

2.18
2.44

|0.034
\

5.91
5.97

9.58
9.63

\
\

0K
300 K

Remarks

Numbers in parentheses are standard deviation uncertainties in the last digit(s).
ÞCr3{­doped MgO was used for uorescence sideband method.

Fig. 14

The pressure derivatives of the adiabatic shear moduli atambient condition (G0) of (Mg1|x, Fex)O plotted as afunction of iron content.

Fig. 15

SÌæÌ³ÍÍÍÉ¨¢ÄÉßÄÇ¢êvð¦µÄ¢éBêûÅCº}gfÌLÍÈóâÌêÂÅépCCgfiÎüjÅvZµ½ÊÍC}Å¦³
êéæ¤É PREM ©çÌ¾ÄÈ¸êª©ÄæêéB±Ì¸êÍC½ÏµÄ 3 ÷àÌ¬x¸­ð¦µÄ¨èC­È­Æà{À±Ê©çÍº}gªpCCgIÅCalculated shear wave velocity proles of ferropericlase andperovskite as a function of pressure along the representative
mantle geotherm (Brown and Shankland, 1981), along with
the PREM lower mantle seismic model. Blue circles, (Mg,
Fe)O ferroperoclase with XMg of 0.79; black circles, (Mg,
Fe)SiO3 perovskite with XMg of 0.94 (Murakami et al.,2007b); white circles with cross, PREM. Red line indicatesthe best t prole to PREM (XPv0.92). The shear wave
velocity prole of simplied pyrolite model (XPv0.80) is
also shown as green line. The dotted line shows the proleof ferropericlase calculated from the G
02.20 of MgO forcomparison.

éÆ¢¤±ÆðxµÈ¢B

4.2

·³ðÅÌ MgO Ìe«gªèÆ¡ãÌÛèOÅq×½ Pv ÉxÞiRhCgIÈjº}_IÅé¢Íí³ié¢Íá³ÍjÅ©Ïàçê½lèCº}gÌðÅÀÛÉÀ±IÉßçê½

f[^ðàÆÉvZ³ê½óÅÍÈ¢B]ÁÄCº}

gÌz¨wIfÍ]Ìº}gÌ`ðå

gªRhCgIÅ«­hèÖ¦éñíÉdåÈÊÅéBµ©µC±ÌÍCº}gÌðÉ¦µ½·x³ÍðÅèµ½

fÌ\zÉ¨¢ÄÍCÀ±Å¾çê½f[^ªº·³e«g¬xf[^ªèIÈððÊ½·B{ÅÍCÍÌàÌÅé½ßÉº}gÌ·óÔÅÌ¡g¬

MgO Ìº}gðÉ¨¯ée«g¬xªèÌÝxðvZ·éÛ Stixrude and Lithgow­Bertelloni12)ÌMe

ÉÂ¢ÄÐîµ6)C¡ãÌWJÉÂ¢ÄÈPÉq×½¢B«p[^ðgpµÄ¢éB±ÌMe«p[^ÍCÀ±\¬ÍCOÌ´³ÍðÅÌpµ½àÌÆ¯l

378  úËõ Nov. 2010 Vol.23 No.6

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ðà ¡ Brillouin UyÑ X üñÜ¯ªèVXeðp¢½·³ðºÉ¨¯ée«g¬xªè½ÁÄÍCæèêwÌZpIÈüPªKvÅë¤B»ÝÅÍ10Ôð´¦éæ¤È·ÔÌÀèµ½[U[ÁMðs¤±ÆªÂ\ÆÈÁÄ¨èC¡ãæèÇ¿Ìf[^ðæ¾Å«éàÌÆúÒµÄ¢éB[U[ÁMÌ·xÌÀè«ÉÂ¢ÄÍC¿ÌíÞâTvOÌïÅå«­ÏíéªC±êÜÅÌ±IÈÀ±ÅÍv[uõÌ¼aÉ·éñ20~NÍÍÉ¨¯éóÔIÈ·xùzC¨æÑÔÏ®ðÁ¡·éÆ150 K öxÌG[ªT^IÉ¶¶é±Æªª©ÁÄ¢éBfMÞÌúÝâ
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ë¤BÜ½{À±Ê©çÍC·ðÉÁLÌâèÆµÄCBrillouin Uf[^
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Èæ¤ÉC±ÌG¹MÌåÍCÁMÉæé¿©çÌ
ig·532 nmtßÌFðÂjtËõÉR·éàÌÅéÆ\z³êéBêÊÉC·xÌã¸ÉºÁÄC¿©çÌ Brillouin s [N Ì­ xÍ å ·é ± Æª ª© ÁÄ ¢éBµ©µCßÌí³ÅÌ[U[ÁMÀ±ÉæéÆC
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Fig. 16élðz¦½

_ÅobNOEhÌmCYª}É¦éÆ¢¤»Û

Photomicrographs of polycrystalline MgO in a DAC before
laser heating (at 45 GPa) and during laser heating (at `2300 K) (A). Black portion in the sample chamber indi­cates the small Pt fragments. White bar indicates 100 mm.
Brillouin spectrum of polycrystalline MgO at 49 GPa and `2300 K (B).

ªñ³êÄ¢é13) B±êÍC³ðÌ{À±ÅÏ@ÌðÅsÁ½BFig. 16A ÉCñ45 GPa, 2300 K ÅÌ[ÄÍC­È­Æà2300 K Ì·xðÅÍCK¢Éà»Ì³ê½»ÛÆêv·éB·xøÊÉæéobNOEh­xÌ¬·¬xÆ¿©çÌs[NÌ¬·¬xÌÖWÍC
ÂXÌ¿²ÆÉÙÈèêTÉ_·é±ÆÍÅ«È¢ªC{¶£ÉæéÆCæè·óÔÅÍ¢¸êOÒªãÒðãñéÆ\zµÄ¢éBMgO ÌÊð©éÀèÉ¨¢U[ÁMÌ MgO ¿Ìlqð¦·B±±ÅÍC50_60æ¤ÈóµÉÍÁÄ¢È¢ªC¡ãæè·óÔÅÌªmm öxÌ MgO ¿ÉÎµÄCñ40 mm öxÌÁMX|èðs¤ãÅCobNOEhM­xÌåÉÂ¢Ä

bgªmF·é±ÆªÅ«éBBrillouin UpÌv[ÍÓªKvÆÈéÅ

u[U[ÌWõaªñ20 mm Åë¤Bé±Æðl¶·êÎCÁMp[U[Æ Brillouin Uªèp[U[Ì¸§È5. âÎ³ÍXP[ÆµÄÌ NaCl

Êu²®ðs¤±ÆÅCÀÛÉÁM³êÄ¢é¿¾¯©çÌ Brillouin UÌMðo·é±ÆªÂ\ÆÈé{ÅÍ Brillouin UÉæÁÄè³êéâÎ³ÍX±Æð¦µÄ¢éBFig. 16B ÉÍC{·x³ÍðÉ¨¢P[ÉÂ¢ÄÐî·éBâÎ³ÍXP[ð\z·é½ÄCñ2.5ÔÌªèðsÁ½ Brillouin Uf[^ð¦ßÌW¨¿ÆµÄ{À±ÅÍ NaCl ðÌpµ½BNaCl·B±± ÅÍC H2O Ì f[^ Éärµ Ä¾ç© ÉmC

Í DAC ðp¢½À±É¨¢ÄÅàÇ­gp³êé³}Ì

W[ÈXyNgð¦·àÌÌCMgO yÑ NaCl ©çÌÌêÂÅ¡g¹¿[hiVS jÉR·és[NªmF·é±Æ

êé±Æ©çC»Ì³ÍXP[ÆµÄÌLp«ÍñíÉªÅ«éB±±ÅàCOÅÌ´³ÍðÅÌ MgO Ì¢BNaCl Íí³Å B1 ^Ì\¢ðÆèCñ30 GPa tß

Brillouin f[^Æ¯lÉ MgO Ì VP Í_Ch¡g

É¨¢Ä B2 ^Ö\¢]Ú·é±Æªmçêé14)B±±¹¿[h©çÌs[NÆdÈèÏ@·é±ÆÍÅ«È©

ÅÍCæè³ÍðÅKpÂ\È B2 ÉÂ¢ÄÌªèÁ½BèCfMÞÆµÄà±êÜÅ¢pxÅgp³ÊðÐîµCâÎ³ÍXP[\zÖÞ¯ÄÌÛèÉÂ

H2O yÑ MgO ÌÊæèC{VXeðp¢Ä­È­¢Äq×½¢Bº}g·x³ÍðàÉ¨¢Äe«g¬xÀ±\¬ÍCOÆ¯lÅ¿\¬Í NaCl Ì½»ÌÌèðs¤±ÆªÂ\ÆÈÁ½B½¾µCFig. 16B É¦

Å³Í}ÌÍgpµÄ¢È¢BFig. 17 ÉÍC³ðÅ· MgO Ì·f[^ð©éÆÜ¾Ü¾Ç¿Ì BrillouinÌ Brillouin Uf[^ð¦·B±±ÅÍ B2 É¨¯é

f[^ÆÍ¾¢ï­CM«Ì¢f[^Ìæ¾ðs¤ÉñíÉÇ¿È Brillouin Uªèf[^Ìæ¾É¬÷µ½

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ÌÆ±ë³¢ªC_ChÌs[NÉBê½¿Ì
Vp ªÄÑ_Chs[Nðæèz¦Äæèüg¤ÅÏ@³êCæè³ðÅÄÑâÎ³ÍXP[\zÌ½ßÌf[^ð¾é±ÆªÅ«éB»ÀIÉÍC1 Ko[ð´¦éæ¤È´³ÍðÅÍ_ChA
r©ÌÉ~Ï³êéå«ÈcÌe¿ÅC_ChÌs[NyÑs[NÌìªå«­Lªé±ÆªmçêÄ¨èCÀÛÉ¿Ì Vp ª_Chs[Nðæèz¦é³Íð³mÉ©Ïàé±ÆÍÅ«È¢ªC¨æ» 2 Ko[ÈãÆÈé±Æª\z³êéB¼É±ÌíÌªèªÀ»·êÎ_Chs[NÌe¿Åf[^ª¾çêÈ©Á½³ÍÍÍðCá³Æ³É¨¢Ä¾çê½f[^
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Fig. 17

Brillouin spectra of polycrystalline B2 phase of NaCl at 33
GPa (A) and 54 GPa (B).

ë¤B
ÈãCº·³ÍðÅÌâÎ³ÍXP[Ì\zÉÂ¢Äq×Ä«½ªC¡ãCn[¤É¨¢Äu³Ív±Æª©ÄæêéBOqµ½æ¤ÉâÎ³ÍXP[Ì\ðc_·é½ßÉÍCR»êÉ¶½·ðÅÌKpzÉÆÁÄÍC¿Ì Vp, Vs Ì¼e«g¬xÌf[^ªv¿³êéBOqµ½æ¤É·ÅÌe«g¬xªèÉÆ X üñÜªè©çÌÌÏf[^Ì¯æ¾ªK{ÆÈÍÜ¾Ü¾½­Ìð·×«ZpIÛèªéB]ÁÄCæè³ÍðÌªèÉÛµÄ§¿Í¾©éÍXP[\zÉ¨¯éÈé^[QbgÍÔá¢È­å«ÈâèÆµÄC¿©çÌ VP ª_ChÌ VS·ÖÌg£Å ë¤B¡ãÌªèZpÌiWÉúÒµ½¢BéªCâÎ³

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ªC¦¿{ÚIðs·éãÅÌªè³ÍÀEÆÈÁÄµÜ¤BK¢ÉµÄCFig. 17 É©çêéæ¤É NaCl Ì Vp
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ðº³èCÜ½ñíÉJÈ¸ÇðsÁÄº³Á½ÒWÏ
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 ÒÐî ºã³Fkåwåw@w¤ÈÉy³ö
E­mail: motohikom.tohoku.ac.jpêåFn ÈwÉ´³Í¨«mªðn
2004N 3 HÆåwåw@Hw¤ÈmÛöC¹CwmB2004
N 4 ú{wpU»ïÁÊ¤õC
2005N 1 HÆåwèC2006N
6 ªRåwn ¨¿Èw¤Z^[èi2007N 4 C¯³jðoÄC
2008N 4 æè»EB

In­situ sound velocity measurements at high pressureand high temperature using Brillouin spectroscopy
with synchrotron radiation and infrared laser heating
system:Application to the deep earth science
Motohiko MURAKAMI

Department of Earth and Planetary Materials Science, Tohoku University,
Sendai 980­8578, Japan

Abstract Average composition and structure of the Earth's deep interior can be approached by comparing
observed seismic velocities to appropriate laboratory sound velocity data collected for candidate minerals un­
der relevant pressure and temperature conditions. Simultaneous measurement of sound velocities and densi­
ties also enable us to construct a primary pressure scale, which can independently determine the pressure. Our
newly developed high­pressure and high­temperature sound velocity measurement system using Brillouinspectroscopy with synchrotron radiation and infrared laser heating techniques has proven to be highly suitablefor establishments of Earth's mineralogical model and the primary pressure scale.

úËõ Nov. 2010 Vol.23 No.6  381