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O1s X­ray absorption spectra of liquids, acetone, DMF(N,N­dimethylformamide), acetic acid and water, showing
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Chemical site selective X­ray emission spectra of liquid acetic
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panel shows the OOH site selective spectrum. For the OCO
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Developments in X­ray emission spectroscopy:
studies on the electronic structure of liquids andsolutionsTakashi TOKUSHIMA1, Yuka HORIKAWA1, Yoshihisa HARADA1,2, Shik SHIN1,3
1RIKEN SPring­8 Center, 1_
1_1 Kouto, Sayou­cho, Sayo­gun, Hyogo 678_5148, Japan
2Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo,
3

7_3_1 Hongo, Bunkyo­ku, Tokyo 113_8656, JapanThe Institute for Solid State Physics, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwanoha 5_1_
5,Kashiwa, Chiba 277_8581, Japan

Abstract The electronic structure of material is important for many elds of science, because valence elec­
trons play important roles in properties of many systems including molecules in liquids and solutions.
However, studies on electronic structure of liquids and solutions have been limited due to experimentaldiculties. At SPring­8 BL17SU beamline, we have developed a high eciency emission spectrometer and aliquid ow cell as an end station for x­ray emission of liquids and solutions under atmospheric pressure. In thispaper, we will introduce recent progress on experimental studies of electronic states of liquids and solutions
using x­ray emission spectroscopy.

úËõ Nov. 2010 Vol.23 No.6  369