KGD-600 Ver.C
Web Management Interface,

User s Manual
Software Rev.1.0 or up

DOC.171015-1-

TRADEMARKS
Ethernet is a registered trademark of Xerox Corp.
Vitesse Switch Software. Copyright (c) 2002-2009
Vitesse Semiconductor Corporation "Vitesse". All Rights Reserved.
Unpublished rights reserved under the copyright laws of the United States of America, other countries andinternational treaties. Permission to use, copy, store and modify, the software and its source code is granted.
Permission to integrate into other products, disclose, transmit and distribute the software in an absolute
machine readable format (e.g. HEX file) is also granted. The software may only be used in products utilizing
the Vitesse switch products.
(C) 2016 KTI Networks Inc. All rights reserved. No part of this documentation may be reproduced in any formor by any means or used to make any directive work (such as translation or transformation) without permission
from KTI Networks Inc.

-2-

(C) 2017 KTI Networks Inc. All rights reserved. No part of this documentation may be reproduced in any formor by any means or used to make any directive work (such as translation or transformation) without permission
from KTI Networks Inc.
KTI Networks Inc. reserves the right to revise this documentation and to make changes in content from time totime without obligation on the part of KTI Networks Inc. to provide notification of such revision or change.
For more information, contact:
15F-7, No. 79, Sec. 1, Hsin-Tai-Wu Rd.
Hsi-chih, New Taipei City, Taiwan
Fax:

886-2-26983873

E-mail: kti@ktinet.com.tw
URL:

http://www.ktinet.com.tw/-3-

Table of Contents
1. Web Management ..................................................................................................................................... 10

1.1 Start Browser Software and Making Connection ............................................................ 10
1.2 Login to the Switch Unit .................................................................................................. 11
1.3 Main Management Menu ................................................................................................ 13
2. Configuration ............................................................................................................................................ 15

2.1 System ........................................................................................................................... 15
2.1.1 Information .................................................................................................................. 15
2.1.2 IP ................................................................................................................................ 16
2.1.2.1 Management VID (MVID) Operation Rules ............................................................... 17
2.1.3 IPv6 ............................................................................................................................. 17
2.1.4 NTP ............................................................................................................................. 19
2.1.5 Time ............................................................................................................................ 20
2.1.6 Log .............................................................................................................................. 22
2.2 Power Reduction ............................................................................................................ 23
2.2.1 EEE ............................................................................................................................. 23
2.3 Thermal Protection ......................................................................................................... 25
2.4 Ports .............................................................................................................................. 26
2.5 Security .......................................................................................................................... 28
2.5.1 Switch ......................................................................................................................... 28
2.5.1.1 Users........................................................................................................................ 28
2.5.1.2 Privilege Level .......................................................................................................... 30
2.5.1.3 Auth Method ............................................................................................................. 32
2.5.1.4 SSH.......................................................................................................................... 33
2.5.1.5 HTTPS ..................................................................................................................... 34
2.5.1.6 Access Management ................................................................................................ 35
2.5.1.7 SNMP ....................................................................................................................... 36
2.5.1.7.1 System .................................................................................................................. 36
2.5.1.7.2 Communities ......................................................................................................... 39
2.5.1.7.3 Users ..................................................................................................................... 40
2.5.1.7.4 Groups .................................................................................................................. 41
2.5.1.7.5 Views .................................................................................................................... 42-4-

2.5.1.7.6 Access................................................................................................................... 43
2.5.1.8 RMON ...................................................................................................................... 45
2.5.1.8.1 Statistics ................................................................................................................ 45
2.5.1.8.2 History ................................................................................................................... 46
2.5.1.8.3 Alarm ..................................................................................................................... 47
2.5.1.8.4 Event ..................................................................................................................... 49
2.5.2 Network ....................................................................................................................... 50
2.5.2.1 Limit Control ............................................................................................................. 50
2.5.2.2 NAS.......................................................................................................................... 53
2.5.2.3 ACL .......................................................................................................................... 62
2.5.2.3.1 Ports ...................................................................................................................... 62
2.5.2.3.2 Rate Limits ............................................................................................................ 64
2.5.2.3.3 Access Control List ................................................................................................ 65
2.5.2.4 DHCP ....................................................................................................................... 67
2.5.2.4.1 Snooping ............................................................................................................... 67
2.5.2.4.2 Relay ..................................................................................................................... 68
2.5.2.5 IP Source Guard....................................................................................................... 69
2.5.2.5.1 Configuration ......................................................................................................... 69
2.5.2.5.2 Static Table ........................................................................................................... 70
2.5.2.6 ARP Inspection......................................................................................................... 71
2.5.2.6.1 Configuration ......................................................................................................... 71
2.5.2.6.2 Static Table ........................................................................................................... 72
2.5.3 AAA ............................................................................................................................. 73
2.6 Aggregation .................................................................................................................... 75
2.6.1 Static ........................................................................................................................... 75
2.6.2 LACP........................................................................................................................... 76
2.7 Loop Protection .............................................................................................................. 77
2.8 Spanning Tree................................................................................................................ 78
2.8.1 Bridge Settings ............................................................................................................ 79
2.8.2 MSTI Mapping ............................................................................................................. 81
2.8.3 MSTI Priorities ............................................................................................................. 82
2.8.4 CIST Ports................................................................................................................... 83-5-2.8.5 MSTI Ports .................................................................................................................. 85
2.9 MVR ............................................................................................................................... 86
2.10 IPMC ............................................................................................................................ 90
2.10.1 IGMP Snooping ......................................................................................................... 90
2.10.1.1 Basic Configuration ................................................................................................ 90
2.10.1.2 VLAN Configuration ................................................................................................ 92
2.10.1.3 Port Group Filtering ................................................................................................ 94
2.10.2 MLD Snooping .......................................................................................................... 94
2.10.2.1 Basic Configuration ................................................................................................ 94
2.10.2.2 VLAN Configuration ................................................................................................ 96
2.10.2.3 Port Group Filtering ................................................................................................ 97
2.11 LLDP ............................................................................................................................ 99
2.11.1 LLDP ......................................................................................................................... 99
2.11.2 LLDP-MED .............................................................................................................. 101
2.12 MAC Table ................................................................................................................. 107
2.13 VLANs ........................................................................................................................ 108
2.13.1 Abbreviation ............................................................................................................ 108
2.13.2 VLAN Membership .................................................................................................. 110
2.13.3 Ports........................................................................................................................ 111
2.14 Private VLANs ............................................................................................................ 114
2.14.1 PVLAN Membership ................................................................................................ 114
2.14.2 Port Isolation ........................................................................................................... 115
2.15 Voice VLAN ................................................................................................................ 116
2.15.1 Configuration ........................................................................................................... 116
2.15.2 OUI.......................................................................................................................... 118
2.16 QoS ............................................................................................................................ 119
2.16.1 Port Classification.................................................................................................... 119
2.16.2 Port Policing ............................................................................................................ 121
2.16.3 Scheduler ................................................................................................................ 122
2.16.4 Shaping ................................................................................................................... 122
2.16.5 Tag Remarking ........................................................................................................ 125
2.16.6 Port DSCP............................................................................................................... 127-6-

2.16.7 DSCP-Based QoS ................................................................................................... 129
2.16.8 DSCP Translation.................................................................................................... 132
2.16.9 DSCP Classification ................................................................................................ 135
2.16.10 QoS Control List .................................................................................................... 136
2.16.11 Storm Control ........................................................................................................ 138
2.17 Mirroring ..................................................................................................................... 139
2.18 UPnP.......................................................................................................................... 140
2.19 sFlow.......................................................................................................................... 141
2.20 OPA (Optical Power Alarm) Configuration .................................................................. 143
2.21 ALS (Auto Laser Shutdown) Configuration ................................................................. 144
2.22 Alarm e-mail ............................................................................................................... 145
3. Monitor .................................................................................................................................................... 146

3.1 System ......................................................................................................................... 147
3.1.1 Information ................................................................................................................ 147
3.1.2 CPU Load.................................................................................................................. 148
3.1.3 Log ............................................................................................................................ 149
3.1.4 Detailed Log .............................................................................................................. 150
3.2 Thermal Protection ....................................................................................................... 150
3.3 Ports ............................................................................................................................ 151
3.3.1 State.......................................................................................................................... 151
3.3.2 Traffic Overview ........................................................................................................ 152
3.3.3 QoS Statistics............................................................................................................ 152
3.3.4 QCL Status................................................................................................................ 153
3.3.5 Detailed Statistics ...................................................................................................... 154
3.4 Security ........................................................................................................................ 156
3.4.1 Access Management Statistics .................................................................................. 156
3.4.2 Network ..................................................................................................................... 156
3.4.2.1 Port Security........................................................................................................... 156
3.4.2.1.1 Switch.................................................................................................................. 157
3.4.2.1.2 Port ..................................................................................................................... 158
3.4.2.2 NAS........................................................................................................................ 158
3.4.2.2.1 Switch.................................................................................................................. 159-7-

3.4.2.2.2 Port ..................................................................................................................... 160
3.4.2.3 ACL Status ............................................................................................................. 160
3.4.2.4 DHCP ..................................................................................................................... 162
3.4.2.4.1 Snooping Statistics .............................................................................................. 162
3.4.2.4.2 Relay ................................................................................................................... 163
3.4.2.5 ARP Inspection....................................................................................................... 164
3.4.2.6 IP Source Guard..................................................................................................... 164
3.4.3 AAA ........................................................................................................................... 165
3.4.3.1 RADIUS Overview .................................................................................................. 165
3.4.3.2 RADIUS Details ...................................................................................................... 166
3.4.4 Switch-RMON ........................................................................................................... 170
3.4.4.1 Statistics ................................................................................................................. 170
3.4.4.2 History .................................................................................................................... 171
3.4.4.3 Alarm...................................................................................................................... 172
3.4.4.4 Event ...................................................................................................................... 172
3.5 LACP............................................................................................................................ 174
3.5.1 System Status ........................................................................................................... 174
3.5.2 Port Status ................................................................................................................ 174
3.5.3 Port Statistics ............................................................................................................ 175
3.6 Loop Protection ............................................................................................................ 176
3.7 Spanning Tree.............................................................................................................. 177
3.7.1 Bridge Status............................................................................................................. 177
3.7.2 Port Status ................................................................................................................ 177
3.7.3 Port Statistics ............................................................................................................ 178
3.8 MVR ............................................................................................................................. 179
3.8.1 Statistics .................................................................................................................... 179
3.8.2 MVR Channel Groups ............................................................................................... 179
3.8.3 MVR SFM Information ............................................................................................... 180
3.9 IPMC ............................................................................................................................ 181
3.9.1 IGMP Snooping ......................................................................................................... 181
3.9.1.1 Status ..................................................................................................................... 181
3.9.1.2 Groups Information ................................................................................................. 182-8-

3.9.1.3 IPv4 SFM Information ............................................................................................. 182
3.9.2 MLD Snooping .......................................................................................................... 183
3.9.2.1 Status ..................................................................................................................... 183
3.9.2.2 Groups Information ................................................................................................. 184
3.9.2.3 IPv6 SFM Information ............................................................................................. 184
3.10 LLDP .......................................................................................................................... 185
3.10.1 Neighbours .............................................................................................................. 185
3.10.2 LLDP-MED Neighbours ........................................................................................... 186
3.10.3 EEE ......................................................................................................................... 189
3.10.4 Port Statistics .......................................................................................................... 190
3.11 MAC Table ................................................................................................................. 192
3.12 VLANs ........................................................................................................................ 193
3.12.1 VLAN Membership .................................................................................................. 193
3.12.2 VLAN Ports ............................................................................................................. 194
3.13 sFlow.......................................................................................................................... 196
3.14 Multi Ring Status ........................................................................... 錯誤! 尚未定義書籤。
4. Diagnostics ............................................................................................................................................. 198

4.1 Ping & Ping6 ................................................................................................................ 198
4.2 VeriPHY ....................................................................................................................... 200
4.3 SFP DDM ..................................................................................................................... 202
5. Maintenance ............................................................................................................................................ 203

5.1 Restart Device.............................................................................................................. 203
5.2 Factory Defaults ........................................................................................................... 204
5.3 Software ....................................................................................................................... 204
5.3.1 Upload....................................................................................................................... 204
5.3.2 Image Select ............................................................................................................. 205
5.4 Configuration ................................................................................................................ 206
5.4.1 Save .......................................................................................................................... 206
5.4.2 Upload....................................................................................................................... 207
Glossary ...................................................................................................................................................... 208-9-1. Web Management
The switch features an http server which can serve the management requests coming from any web browser
software over TCP/IP network.
Web Browser
Compatible web browser software with JAVA script support
Microsoft Internet Explorer 4.0 or later
Set IP Address for the System Unit
Before the switch can be managed from web browser software, make sure a unique IP address is configured forthe switch.

1.1 Start Browser Software and Making Connection
Start your browser software and enter the IP address of the switch unit to which you want to connect. The IP
address is used as URL for the browser software to search the device.
URL: http://xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx/
Factory default IP address: 192.168.0.2
Factory default username: admin
Factory default password: 
Note: no password with factory defaults-10-1.2 Login to the Switch Unit
When browser software connects to the switch unit successfully, a Login screen is provided for you to login to
the device as the left display below:“Port State Overview” page is displayed after a successful login.

[Logout] button and [Show Help] button
Check this box to refresh the page automatically. Automatic refresh occurs every 3
seconds.
Click to refresh the current page.
Port state icons are:-11-

Status

Description
RJ-45 port disabled
RJ-45 port link down
RJ-45 port link up
SFP port disabled
SFP port link down
SFP port link in 1G full duplex
SFP port link in 100M full duplex

The switch can accept more than one successful management connection simultaneously.

-12-1.3 Main Management Menu
Main Menu:

Sub-menus:

Configuration
SystemSwitch information, IP configuration, SNTP setting, and Password setting

Power Reduction

EEE power saving configuration

Thermal Protection

Thermal protection is used to protect the chip from getting overheated.

Ports

Port operation related configuration, frame size, and power saving control

Security

Switch & UI authentication configuration, Port access security control

Aggregation

Static and LACP port link aggregation related configuration

Loop Protection

Configuration for port loop detection and protection

Spanning Tree

STP bridge, MSTI and CIST configuration

MVR

MVR feature enables multicast traffic forwarding on the Multicast VLANs.

IPMC

IGMP and MLD Snooping

LLDP

LLDP configuration

MAC Table

MAC address learning settings and static MAC address port configuration

VLANs

VLAN groups and VLAN port-related configuration

Private VLANs

PVLAN groups and port isolation configuration

Voice VLAN

The Voice VLAN feature enables voice traffic forwarding on the Voice VLAN,

QoSQoS port ingress, egress and QCL configuration, Port rate control, QCL wizard-13-

Mirroring

Port mirroring settings

UPnP

Configuration for UPnP (Universal Plug and Play) featuresFlow

sFlow is an industry standard technology for monitoring switched networks.

OPA

Optical Power Alarm function

ALS

Auto Laser Shutdown function (Hardware Ver.E up)

Alarm e-mail

Alarm notification configuration via SMTP EmailMonitor
SystemSystem information and system log information

Thermal Protection

Display port temperature and status

Ports

Port link status, traffic statistics, QoS statistics

Security

Switch & UI authentication, Port access security status

LACP

LACP system and port status

Loop Protection

Display port configuration and status for loop protection

Spanning Tree

Bridge status, Port status and RSTP/STP/MSTP statistics

MVR

Display IGMP and MLD snooping status and counters

IPMC

IGMP Snooping & MLR snooping groups learned, Router ports, Statistics

LLDP

LLDP neighbors information, Port statistics

MAC Table

Display of MAC address table

VLANs

Display VLAN membership and VLAN port status

sFlow

Display sFlow receiver status and port sample counters

Diagnostics
Ping

ICMP ping utility

Ping6

Ping utility for IPv6 devices

VeriPHY

Copper cable diagnostics for all copper ports

SFP DDMSFP DDM information

MaintenanceRestart Device

Command to reboot the switch

Factory Defaults

Command to restore the switch with factory default settings

SoftwareCommand to update the switch firmware

Configuration

Command to save or upload the system configuration-14-

2. Configuration
2.1 System

2.1.1 Information

Configuration

Description

System Contact

The textual identification of the contact person for this managed node, together withinformation on how to contact this person. The allowed string length is 0 to 255, andthe allowed content is the ASCII characters from 32 to 126.

System Name

An administratively assigned name for this managed node. By convention, this is thenode's fully-qualified domain name. A domain name is a text string drawn from thealphabet (A-Za-z), digits (0-9), minus sign (-). No space characters are permitted aspart of a name. The first character must be an alpha character. And the first or last
character must not be a minus sign. The allowed string length is 0 to 255.

System Location

The physical location of this node(e.g., telephone closet, 3rd floor). The allowed
string length is 0 to 255, and the allowed content is the ASCII characters from 32 to
126.

Save

Click to save the changes.

Reset

Click to undo any changes made locally and revert to previously saved values.

Note:
1. It is suggested to give each switch unit a system name as an alternative unique identification beside IP
address.
2. The system Name, Contact, and Location settings are also used as SNMP MIBs.
-15-

2.1.2 IP

Configuration

Description

DHCP Client

Enable the DHCP client by checking this box.

IP Address

Provide the IP address of this switch unit.

IP Mask

Provide the IP mask of this switch unit.

IP Router

Provide the IP address of the default router for this switch unit.

VLAN ID

Provide the managed VLAN ID. The allowed range is 1 through 4095.
This setting is also called MVID (Management VID) as abbreviation.

DNS Server

Provide the IP address of the DNS Server in dotted decimal notation.

DNS Proxy

When DNS proxy is enabled, DUT will relay DNS requests to the current configured
DNS server on DUT, and reply as a DNS resolver to the client device on the network.

Save

Click to save the changes.

Reset

Click to undo any changes made locally and revert to previously saved values.

Renew

Click to renew DHCP. This button is only available if DHCP is enabled.

Note:
1. If DHCP fails and the configured IP address is zero, DHCP will retry. If DHCP fails and the configured IP
address is non-zero, DHCP will stop and the configured IP settings will be used. The DHCP client will
announce the configured System Name as hostname to provide DNS lookup.
2. The IP addresses should be in dotted decimal notation.

-16-

2.1.2.1 Management VID (MVID) Operation Rules
The MVID setting restricts the ports that are allowed to communicate with the embedded system processor.
The allowed ports are limited in the member ports of the VLAN with MVID. The operation rules are:
1. The embedded processor only accepts untagged management frames and rejects tagged frames.
2. The ingress port’s VLAN ID (PVID) for the incoming management frames must match MVID value.
Otherwise, the frames are dropped. Refer to Section 2.14.2 for PVID configuration.
3. The egress ports of the frames replied by the system processor are limited in the member ports of the
VLAN with MVID.

2.1.3 IPv6

Configuration

Description

Auto Configuration

DHCP Client Enable IPv6 auto-configuration by checking this box. If system cannot
obtain the stateless address in time, the configured IPv6 settings will be used. The
router may delay responding to a router solicitation for a few seconds, the total timeneeded to complete auto-configuration can be significantly longer. Enable the DHCP
client by checking this box.

Address

Provide the IPv6 address of this switch. IPv6 address is in 128-bit records represented
as eight fields of up to four hexadecimal digits with a colon separating each field (:).
For example, 'fe80::215:c5ff:fe03:4dc7'. The symbol '::' is a special syntax that can beused as a shorthand way of representing multiple 16-bit groups of contiguous zeros;
but it can appear only once. It can also represent a legally valid IPv4 address. For
example, '::192.1.2.34'.

Prefix

Provide the IPv6 Prefix of this switch. The allowed range is 1 to 128.

Router

Provide the IPv6 gateway address of this switch. IPv6 address is in 128-bit records
represented as eight fields of up to four hexadecimal digits with a colon separatingeach field (:). For example, 'fe80::215:c5ff:fe03:4dc7'. The symbol '::' is a special
syntax that can be used as a shorthand way of representing multiple 16-bit groups of-17-

contiguous zeros; but it can appear only once. It can also represent a legally valid
IPv4 address. . For example, '::192.1.2.34'.
Save

Click to save the changes.

Reset

Click to undo any changes made locally and revert to previously saved values.

Renew

Click to renew IPv6 AUTOCONF. This button is only available if IPv6 AUTOCONF
is enabled.

-18-

2.1.4 NTP

Configuration

Description

Mode

Indicates the NTP mode operation. Possible modes are:Enabled: Enable NTP mode operation. When enable NTP mode operation, the agent
forward and to transfer NTP messages between the clients and the server when they
are not on the same subnet domain.
Disabled: Disable NTP mode operation.

Server #Provide the NTP IPv4 or IPv6 address of this switch. IPv6 address is in 128-bit
records represented as eight fields of up to four hexadecimal digits with a colon
separates each field (:). For example, 'fe80::215:c5ff:fe03:4dc7'. The symbol '::' is a
special syntax that can be used as a shorthand way of representing multiple 16-bitgroups of contiguous zeros; but it can only appear once. It also used a following
legally IPv4 address. For example, '::192.1.2.34'.

Save

Click to save the changes.

Reset

Click to undo any changes made locally and revert to previously saved values.

-19-2.1.5 Time

Configuration

Description

Time Zone

Indicates the NTP mode operation. Possible modes are:Acronym

User can set the acronym of the time zone. This is a User configurable acronym toidentify the time zone. ( Range : Up to 16 alpha-numeric characters and can contain'-', '_' or '.')

Daylight Saving Time

This is used to set the clock forward or backward according to the configurations set
below for a defined Daylight Saving Time duration. Select 'Disable' to disable theDaylight Saving Time configuration. Select 'Recurring' and configure the Daylight
Saving Time duration to repeat the configuration every year. Select 'Non-Recurring'and configure the Daylight Saving Time duration for single time configuration.
( Default : Disabled )-20-

Start time settings
Month

Select the starting month.

Date

Select the starting day.

Year

Select the starting year number.

Hours

Select the starting hour.

Minutes

Select the starting minute.

End time settings
Month

Select the ending month.

Date

Select the ending day.

Year

Select the ending year number.

Hours

Select the ending hour.

Minutes

Select the ending minute.

OffsetEnter the number of minutes to add during Daylight Saving Time. (Range: 1 to1440 )

Save

Click to save the changes.

Reset

Click to undo any changes made locally and revert to previously saved values.

-21-2.1.6 Log

Configuration

Description

Server Mode

Indicates the server mode operation. When the mode operation is enabled, the syslog
message will send out to syslog server. The syslog protocol is based on UDP
communication and received on UDP port 514 and the syslog server will not send
acknowledgments back sender since UDP is a connectionless protocol and it does notprovide acknowledgments. The syslog packet will always send out even if the syslog
server does not exist. Possible modes are:Enabled: Enable server mode operation.
Disabled: Disable server mode operation.

Server Address

Indicates the IPv4 host address of syslog server. If the switch provide DNS feature, italso can be a host name.

Syslog Level

Indicates what kind of message will send to syslog server. Possible modes are:
Info: Send information, warnings and errors.
Warning: Send warnings and errors.
Error: Send errors.

Save

Click to save the changes.

Reset

Click to undo any changes made locally and revert to previously saved values.

-22-2.2 Power Reduction

2.2.1 EEEEEE is a power saving option that reduces the power usage when there is low or no traffic utilization.
EEE works by powering down circuits when there is no traffic. When a port gets data to be transmitted all
circuits are powered up. The time it takes to power up the circuits is named wakeup time. The default wakeup
time is 17 us for 1Gbit links and 30 us for other link speeds. EEE devices must agree upon the value of the
wakeup time in order to make sure that both the receiving and transmitting device has all circuits powered up
when traffic is transmitted. The devices can exchange wakeup time information using the LLDP protocol.
For maximizing power savings, the circuit isn't started at once transmit data is ready for a port, but is instead
queued until 3000 bytes of data is ready to be transmitted. For not introducing a large delay in case that data
less then 3000 bytes shall be transmitted, data are always transmitted after 48 us, giving a maximum latency of48 us + the wakeup time.
If desired it is possible to minimize the latency for specific frames, by mapping the frames to a specific queue(done with QOS), and then mark the queue as an urgent queue. When an urgent queue gets data to betransmitted, the circuits will be powered up at once and the latency will be reduced to the wakeup time.
EEE works for ports in auto-negotiation mode, where the port is negotiated to either 1G or 100 Mbit full
duplex mode.
Ports that are not EEE-capable are grayed out and thus impossible to enable EEE for.

-23-

Configuration

Description

Port

The switch port number of the logical EEE port.

EnabledControls whether EEE is enabled for this switch port.

EEE Urgent Queues

Queues set will activate transmission of frames as soon as data is available.
Otherwise the queue will postpone transmission until 3000 bytes are ready to betransmitted.

Save

Click to save the changes.

Reset

Click to undo any changes made locally and revert to previously saved values.

-24-2.3 Thermal Protection

This page allows the user to inspect and configure the current setting for controlling thermal protection.
Thermal protection is used to protect the chip from getting overheated. When the temperature exceeds theconfigured thermal protection temperature, ports will be turned off in order to decrease the power consumption.
It is possible to arrange the ports with different priorities. Each priority can be given a temperature at which thecorresponding ports shall be turned off.

Configuration

Description

Temperature settings for priority groups
Temperature

The temperature at which the ports with the corresponding priority will be turned off.
Temperatures between 0 and 255℃ are supported.

Port Priorities

The priority the port belongs to. 4 priorities are supported.

Save

Click to save the changes.

Reset

Click to undo any changes made locally and revert to previously saved values.

-25-

2.4 Ports

Configuration

Description

Port

The port number associated to this configuration row

Link

The current link status is displayed graphically.
Green indicates the link is up and red that it is down.

Speed - Current

Provide the current link speed of the port.

Speed - Configured

Select any available link speed for the given switch port.

Disabled: disables the switch port operation.
Auto: selects the highest speed that is compatible with a link partner.
10Mbps HDX: selects fixed 10Mbps and half duplex
10Mbps FDX: selects fixed 10Mbps and full duplex
100Mbps HDX: selects fixed 100Mbps and half duplex
100Mbps FDX: selects fixed 100Mbps and full duplex
1Gbps FDX: selects auto-negotiation 1000Mbps and full duplex
Flow Control – Current Rx Whether pause frames on the port are obeyed
Flow Control – Current Tx Whether pause frames on the port are transmitted
Flow Control – Configured Click to enable flow control for fixed speed settings.
When “Auto” Speed is selected for a port, this selection indicates the flow control
capability that is advertised to the link partner.
-26-

Maximum Frame SizeEnter the maximum frame size allowed for the switch port, including FCS.
The allowed range is 1518 bytes to 9600 bytes.

Excessive Collision Mode Configure port transmission collision behavior.
Discard: Discard frame after 16 collisions (default).
Restart: Restart back-off algorithm after 16 collisions.
Power Control

The configured column allows for changing the power savings mode parameters per
port.

Disabled: All power savings mechanisms are disabled.
ActiPHY: Link down power savings is enabled.
PerfectReach: Link up power savings is enabled.
Enabled: Both link up and link down power savings are enabled.
Link Alarm

Port link fault alarm relay configuration
Click to enable relay alarm function for the port

Save

Click to save the changes.

Reset

Click to undo any changes made locally and revert to previously saved values.

RefreshClick to refresh the page. Any changes made locally will be undone.

-27-2.5 Security

2.5.1 Switch

2.5.1.1 Users

Configuration

Description

User Name

The name identifying the user.
Click also to edit a configured user.

Privilege Level

The privilege level of the user. The allowed range is 1 to 15. If the privilege levelvalue is 15, it can access all groups, i.e. that is granted the fully control of the device.
But others value need to refer to each group privilege level. User's privilege should
be same or greater than the group privilege level to have the access of that group. By
default setting, most groups privilege level 5 has the read-only access and privilege
level 10 has the read-write access. And the system maintenance (software upload,factory defaults and etc.) need user privilege level 15. Generally, the privilege level
15 can be used for an administrator account, privilege level 10 for a standard user
account and privilege level 5 for a guest account.

Add New User

Click to configure a new user.

-28-

Configuration

Description

User Name

A string identifying the user name that this entry should belong to. The allowed string
length is 1 to 31. The valid user name is a combination of letters, numbers andunderscores. The name is for identifying the user.

Password

The password of the user
The allowed string length is 0 to 31.

Privilege Level

The privilege level of the user. The allowed range is 1 to 15. If the privilege levelvalue is 15, it can access all groups, i.e. that is granted the fully control of the device.
But others value need to refer to each group privilege level. User's privilege should
be same or greater than the group privilege level to have the access of that group. By
default setting, most group privilege level 5 has the read-only access and privilege
level 10 has the read-write access. And the system maintenance (software upload,factory defaults and etc.) need user privilege level 15. Generally, the privilege level
15 can be used for an administrator account, privilege level 10 for a standard user
account and privilege level 5 for a guest account.

Save

Click to save the changes.

Reset

Click to undo any changes made locally and revert to previously saved values.

CancelClick to undo any changes made locally and return to the Users.

Delete User

Delete the current user. This button is not available for new configurations.
(Add new user)-29-

2.5.1.2 Privilege Level

Configuration

Description

Group Name

The name identifying the privilege groupIn most cases, a privilege level group consists of a single module (e.g. LACP, RSTP
or QoS), but a few of them contains more than one. The following description defines
these privilege level groups in details:
System: Contact, Name, Location, Timezone, Daylight Saving Time, Log.
Security: Authentication, System Access Management, Port (contains Dot1x port,-30-

MAC based and the MAC Address Limit), ACL, HTTPS, SSH, ARP Inspection, IP
source guard.
IP: Everything except 'ping'.
Port: Everything except 'VeriPHY'.
Diagnostics: 'ping' and 'VeriPHY'.
Maintenance: CLI- System Reboot, System Restore Default, System Password,
Configuration Save, Configuration Load and Firmware Load. Web- Users, Privilege
Levels and everything in Maintenance.
Debug: Only present in CLI.
Privilege Levels

Every group has an authorization Privilege level for the following sub groups:
configuration read-only, configuration/execute read-write, status/statistics read-only,
status/statistics read-write (e.g. for clearing of statistics). User Privilege should besame or greater than the authorization Privilege level to have the access to that group.

Save

Click to save the changes.

Reset

Click to undo any changes made locally and revert to previously saved values.

-31-

2.5.1.3 Auth Method

This page allows you to configure how a user is authenticated when he logs into the switch via one of the
management client interfaces.
Configuration

Description

Client

The management client for which the configuration below applies.

Authentication Method Authentication Method can be set to one of the following values:
none: authentication is disabled and login is not possible.
local: use the local user database on the switch stack for authentication.
radius: use a remote RADIUS server for authentication.
tacacs+: use a remote TACACS+ server for authentication.
Fallback

Enable fallback to local authentication by checking this box.
If none of the configured authentication servers are alive, the local user database isused for authentication. This is only possible if the Authentication Method is set to avalue other than 'none' or 'local'.

Save

Click to save the changes.

Reset

Click to undo any changes made locally and revert to previously saved values.

-32-

2.5.1.4 SSH

Configuration

Description

Mode

Indicates the SSH mode operation. Possible modes are:Enabled: Enable SSH mode operation.
Disabled: Disable SSH mode operation.

Save

Click to save the changes.

Reset

Click to undo any changes made locally and revert to previously saved values.

-33-

2.5.1.5 HTTPS

Configuration

Description

Mode

Indicates the HTTPS mode operation. When the current connection is HTTPS, toapply HTTPS disabled mode operation will automatically redirect web browser to an
HTTP connection. Possible modes are:Enabled: Enable HTTPS mode operation.
Disabled: Disable HTTPS mode operation.

Automatic Redirect

Indicates the HTTPS redirect mode operation. It is only significant if HTTPS mode
"Enabled" is selected. Automatically redirects web browser to an HTTPS connection
when both HTTPS mode and Automatic Redirect are enabled. Possible modes are:Enabled: Enable HTTPS redirect mode operation.
Disabled: Disable HTTPS redirect mode operation.

Save

Click to save the changes.

Reset

Click to undo any changes made locally and revert to previously saved values.

-34-2.5.1.6 Access Management

Add New Entry

Configure access management table on this page. The maximum number of entries is 16. If the application's
type match any one of the access management entries, it will allow access to the switch.
Configuration

Description

Mode

Indicates the access management mode operation. Possible modes are:Enabled: Enable access management mode operation.
Disabled: Disable access management mode operation.

DeleteCheck to delete the entry. It will be deleted during the next save.

Start IP Address

Indicates the start IP address for the access management entry.

End IP Address

Indicates the end IP address for the access management entry.

HTTP/HTTPS

Indicates that the host can access the switch from HTTP/HTTPS interface if the hostIP address matches the IP address range provided in the entry.

SNMP

Indicates that the host can access the switch from SNMP interface if the host IP
address matches the IP address range provided in the entry.

TELNET/SSH

Indicates that the host can access the switch from TELNET/SSH interface if the hostIP address matches the IP address range provided in the entry.

Add New Entry

Click to add a new access management entry.

Save

Click to save the changes.

Reset

Click to undo any changes made locally and revert to previously saved values.
-35-

2.5.1.7 SNMP

2.5.1.7.1 System

System Configuration Description
Mode

Indicates the SNMP mode operation. Possible modes are:Enabled: Enable SNMP mode operation.
Disabled: Disable SNMP mode operation.

VersionIndicates the SNMP supported version. Possible versions are:
SNMP v1: Set SNMP supported version 1.
SNMP v2c: Set SNMP supported version 2c.
-36-SNMP v3: Set SNMP supported version 3.
Read Community

Indicates the community read access string to permit access to SNMP agent. The
allowed string length is 0 ~ 255, and the allowed content is the ASCII charactersfrom 33 to 126.
Note: This field only suits when SNMP version is setting SNMPv1 or SNMPv2c. If
SNMP version is setting SNMPv3, the community string will associated with SNMPv3
communities table. It provides more flexibility to configure security name than a
SNMPv1 or SNMPv2c community string. In addition to community string, aparticular range of source addresses can use to restrict source subnet.

Write Community

Indicates the community write-access string to permit access to SNMP agent. The
allowed string length is 0 ~ 255, and the allowed content is the ASCII charactersfrom 33 to 126.
Note: This field only suits when SNMP mode version setting SNMPv1 or SNMPv2c. If
SNMP version is setting SNMPv3, the community string will associated with SNMPv3
communities table. It provides more flexibility to configure security name than a
SNMPv1 or SNMPv2c community string. In addition to community string, aparticular range of source addresses can use to restrict source subnet.

Engine ID

Indicates the SNMPv3 engine ID. The string must contain an even number between
10 and 64 hexadecimal digits, but all-zeros and all-'F's are not allowed. Change of theEngine ID will clear all original local users.

Trap Configuration

Description

Trap Mode

Indicates the SNMP trap mode operation. Possible modes are:Enabled: Enable SNMP trap mode operation.
Disabled: Disable SNMP trap mode operation.

Trap Version

Indicates the SNMP trap supported version. Possible versions are:
SNMP v1: Set SNMP trap supported version 1.
SNMP v2c: Set SNMP trap supported version 2c.
SNMP v3: Set SNMP trap supported version 3.

Trap Community

Indicates the community access string when send SNMP trap packet. The allowed
string length is 0 ~ 255, and the allowed content is the ASCII characters from 33 to126.

Trap Destination Address

Indicates the SNMP trap destination address.

Trap Destination IPv6 Address Provide the trap destination IPv6 address of this switch. IPv6 address is in 128-bit
records represented as eight fields of up to four hexadecimal digits with a colon
separates each field (:). For example, 'fe80::215:c5ff:fe03:4dc7'. The symbol '::' is a
special syntax that can be used as a shorthand way of representing multiple 16-bit-37-

groups of contiguous zeros; but it can only appear once. It also used a following
legally IPv4 address. For example, '::192.1.2.34'.
Trap Authentication Failure Indicates the SNMP entity is permitted to generate authentication failure traps.
Possible modes are:Enabled: Enable SNMP trap authentication failure.
Disabled: Disable SNMP trap authentication failure.
Trap Link-up and Link-down Indicates the SNMP trap link-up and link-down mode operation. Possible modes are:Enabled: Enable SNMP trap link-up and link-down mode operation.
Disabled: Disable SNMP trap link-up and link-down mode operation.
Trap OPA

Indicates the SNMP agent is permitted to generate SNMP OPA trap.
Enabled: Enable SNMP OPA trap
Disabled: Disable SNMP OPA trap

Trap Inform Mode

Indicates the SNMP trap inform mode operation. Possible modes are:Enabled: Enable SNMP trap inform mode operation.
Disabled: Disable SNMP trap inform mode operation.

Trap Inform Timeout

Indicates the SNMP trap inform timeout (seconds). The allowed range is 0 ~ 2147.

Trap Inform Retry Times

Indicates the SNMP trap inform retry times. The allowed range is 0 ~ 255.

Trap Probe Security Engine ID Available for SNMP v3, indicates the SNMP trap probe security engine ID mode ofoperation. Possible values are:Enabled: Enable SNMP trap probe security engine ID mode of operation.
Disabled: Disable SNMP trap probe security engine ID mode of operation.
Trap Security Engine ID

Available for SNMP v3, indicates the SNMP trap security engine ID. SNMPv3 sends
traps and informs using USM for authentication and privacy. A unique engine ID forthese traps and informs is needed. When "Trap Probe Security Engine ID" is enabled,
the ID will be probed automatically. Otherwise, the ID specified in this field is used.
The string must contain an even number between 10 and 64 hexadecimal digits, but
all-zeros and all-'F's are not allowed.

Trap Security Name

Available for SNMP v3, indicates the SNMP trap security name. SNMPv3 traps andinforms using USM for authentication and privacy. A unique security name is needed
when traps and informs are enabled.

Save

Click to save the changes.

Reset

Click to undo any changes made locally and revert to previously saved values.

-38-

2.5.1.7.2 Communities

Configuration

Description

DeleteCheck to delete the entry. It will be deleted during the next save.

Community

Indicates the community access string to permit access to SNMPv3 agent. The
allowed string length is 1 to 32, and the allowed content is the ASCII characters from33 to 126. The community string will treat as security name and map a SNMPv1 or
SNMPv2c community string.

Source IP

Indicates the SNMP access source address. A particular range of source addresses canuse to restrict source subnet when combined with source mask.

Source Mask

Indicates the SNMP access source address mask.

Add New Entry

Click to add a new community entry.

DeleteClick to cancel the new entry.

Save

Click to save the changes.

Reset

Click to undo any changes made locally and revert to previously saved values.

Click

Add New Entry :-39-

2.5.1.7.3 Users

Configuration

Description

DeleteCheck to delete the entry. It will be deleted during the next save.

Engine ID

An octet string identifying the engine ID that this entry should belong to. The string
must contain an even number between 10 and 64 hexadecimal digits, but all-zeros
and all-'F's are not allowed. The SNMPv3 architecture uses the User-based Security
Model (USM) for message security and the View-based Access Control Model(VACM) for access control. For the USM entry, the usmUserEngineID and
usmUserName are the entry's keys. In a simple agent, usmUserEngineID is always
that agent's own snmpEngineID value. The value can also take the value of thesnmpEngineID of a remote SNMP engine with which this user can communicate. Inothe words, if user engine ID equal system engine ID then it is local user; otherwize
it's remote user.

User Name

A string identifying the user name that this entry should belong to. The allowed string
length is 1 to 32, and the allowed content is the ASCII characters from 33 to 126.

Security Level

Indicates the security model that this entry should belong to. Possible security models
are:
NoAuth, NoPriv: None authentication and none privacy.
Auth, NoPriv: Authentication and none privacy.
Auth, Priv: Authentication and privacy.
The value of security level cannot be modified if entry already exists. That means
must first ensure that the value is set correctly.

Authentication Protocol Indicates the authentication protocol that this entry should belong to. Possible
authentication protocols are:None: None authentication protocol.
MD5: An optional flag to indicate that this user using MD5 authentication protocol.
SHA: An optional flag to indicate that this user using SHA authentication protocol.
The value of security level cannot be modified if entry already exists. That means
must first ensure that the value is set correctly.
Authentication Password A string identifying the authentication pass phrase. For MD5 authentication protocol,
the allowed string length is 8 to 32. For SHA authentication protocol, the allowed-40-

string length is 8 to 40. The allowed content is the ASCII characters from 33 to 126.
Privacy Protocol

Indicates the privacy protocol that this entry should belong to. Possible privacy
protocols are:None: None privacy protocol.
DES: An optional flag to indicate that this user using DES authentication protocol.

Privacy Password

A string identifying the privacy pass phrase. The allowed string length is 8 to 32, andthe allowed content is the ASCII characters from 33 to 126.

Add New Entry

Click to add a new entry.

DeleteClick to cancel the new entry.

Save

Click to save the changes.

Reset

Click to undo any changes made locally and revert to previously saved values.

Click

Add New Entry :2.5.1.7.4 Groups

Configuration

Description

DeleteCheck to delete the entry. It will be deleted during the next save.

Security Model

Indicates the security model that this entry should belong to. Possible security models are:v1: Reserved for SNMPv1.
v2c: Reserved for SNMPv2c.
usm: User-based Security Model (USM).

Security Name

A string identifying the security name that this entry should belong to. The allowed-41-string length is 1 to 32, and the allowed content is the ASCII characters from 33 to
126.
Group Name

A string identifying the group name that this entry should belong to. The allowed
string length is 1 to 32, and the allowed content is the ASCII characters from 33 to126.

Add New Entry

Click to add a new entry.

DeleteClick to cancel the new entry.

Save

Click to save the changes.

Reset

Click to undo any changes made locally and revert to previously saved values.

Click

Add New Entry :2.5.1.7.5 Views

Configuration

Description

DeleteCheck to delete the entry. It will be deleted during the next save.

View Name

A string identifying the view name that this entry should belong to. The allowed
string length is 1 to 32, and the allowed content is the ASCII characters from 33 to126.

View Type

Indicates the view type that this entry should belong to. Possible view types are:included: An optional flag to indicate that this view sub-tree should be included.
-42-

excluded: An optional flag to indicate that this view sub-tree should be excluded.
General, if a view entry's view type is 'excluded', it should be exist another view entry
which view type is 'included' and it's OID sub-tree overstep the 'excluded' view entry.
OID Subtree

The OID defining the root of the sub-tree to add to the named view. The allowed OID
length is 1 to 128. The allowed string content is digital number or asterisk(*).

Add New Entry

Click to add a new entry.

DeleteClick to cancel the new entry.

Save

Click to save the changes.

Reset

Click to undo any changes made locally and revert to previously saved values.

Click

Add New Entry :2.5.1.7.6 Access

Configuration

Description

DeleteCheck to delete the entry. It will be deleted during the next save.

Group Name

A string identifying the group name that this entry should belong to. The allowed
string length is 1 to 32, and the allowed content is the ASCII characters from 33 to
126.

Security Model

Indicates the security model that this entry should belong to. Possible security models are:any: Accepted any security model (v1|v2c|usm).
v1: Reserved for SNMPv1.
v2c: Reserved for SNMPv2c.
usm: User-based Security Model (USM).
-43-

Security Level

Indicates the security model that this entry should belong to. Possible security models are:
NoAuth, NoPriv: None authentication and none privacy.
Auth, NoPriv: Authentication and none privacy.
Auth, Priv: Authentication and privacy.

Read View Name

The name of the MIB view defining the MIB objects for which this request may
request the current values. The allowed string length is 1 to 32, and the allowed
content is the ASCII characters from 33 to 126.

Write View Name

The name of the MIB view defining the MIB objects for which this request may
potentially SET new values. The allowed string length is 1 to 32, and the allowed
content is the ASCII characters from 33 to 126.

Add New Entry

Click to add a new entry.

DeleteClick to cancel the new entry.

Save

Click to save the changes.

Reset

Click to undo any changes made locally and revert to previously saved values.

Click

Add New Entry :-44-

2.5.1.8 RMON

2.5.1.8.1 Statistics

Configuration

Description

DeleteCheck to delete the RMON entry. It will be deleted during the next save.

ID

Indicates the index of the entry. The range is from 1 to 65535.

Data Source

Indicates the port ID which wants to be monitored. If in stacking switch, the value
must add 1000*(switch ID-1), for example, if the port is switch 3 port 5, the value is
2005.

Add New Entry

Click to add a new entry.

DeleteClick to cancel the new entry.

Save

Click to save the changes.

Reset

Click to undo any changes made locally and revert to previously saved values.

Click

Add New Entry :-45-

2.5.1.8.2 History

Configuration

Description

DeleteCheck to delete the entry. It will be deleted during the next save.

ID

Indicates the index of the entry. The range is from 1 to 65535.

Data Source

Indicates the port ID which wants to be monitored. If in stacking switch, the value
must add 1000*(switch ID-1), for example, if the port is switch 3 port 5, the value is
2005.

Interval

Indicates the interval in seconds for sampling the history statistics data. The range isfrom 1 to 3600, default value is 1800 seconds.

Buckets

Indicates the maximum data entries associated this History control entry stored in
RMON. The range is from 1 to 3600, default value is 50.

Buckets Granted

The number of data shall be saved in the RMON.

Add New Entry

Click to add a new entry.

DeleteClick to cancel the new entry.

Save

Click to save the changes.

Reset

Click to undo any changes made locally and revert to previously saved values.

Click

Add New Entry :-46-

2.5.1.8.3 Alarm

Configuration

Description

DeleteCheck to delete the entry. It will be deleted during the next save.

ID

Indicates the index of the entry. The range is from 1 to 65535.

Interval

Indicates the interval in seconds for sampling and comparing the rising and falling
threshold. The range is from 1 to 2^31-1.

Variable

Indicates the particular variable to be sampled, the possible variables are:
InOctets: The total number of octets received on the interface, including framing
characters.
InUcastPkts: The number of uni-cast packets delivered to a higher-layer protocol.
InNUcastPkts: The number of broad-cast and multi-cast packets delivered to ahigher-layer protocol.
InDiscards: The number of inbound packets that are discarded even the packets arenormal.
InErrors: The number of inbound packets that contained errors preventing them frombeing deliverable to a higher-layer protocol.
InUnknownProtos: the number of the inbound packets that were discarded becauseof the unknown or un-support protocol.
OutOctets: The number of octets transmitted out of the interface , including framing
characters.
OutUcastPkts: The number of uni-cast packets that request to transmit.
OutNUcastPkts: The number of broad-cast and multi-cast packets that request totransmit.
OutDiscards: The number of outbound packets that are discarded event the packets isnormal.
OutErrors: The The number of outbound packets that could not be transmitted
because of errors.
OutQLen: The length of the output packet queue (in packets).

Sample TypeThe method of sampling the selected variable and calculating the value to becompared against the thresholds, possible sample types are:Absolute: Get the sample directly.
-47-

Delta: Calculate the difference between samples (default).
Value

The value of the statistic during the last sampling period.

Startup Alarm

The method of sampling the selected variable and calculating the value to becompared against the thresholds, possible sample types are:
RisingTrigger alarm when the first value is larger than the rising threshold.
FallingTrigger alarm when the first value is less than the falling threshold.
RisingOrFallingTrigger alarm when the first value is larger than the rising thresholdor less than the falling threshold (default).

Rising Threshold

Rising threshold value (-2147483648-2147483647).

Rising Index

Rising event index (1-65535).

Falling Threshold

Falling threshold value (-2147483648-2147483647)

Falling Index

Falling event index (1-65535).

Add New Entry

Click to add a new entry.

DeleteClick to cancel the new entry.

Save

Click to save the changes.

Reset

Click to undo any changes made locally and revert to previously saved values.

Click

Add New Entry :-48-

2.5.1.8.4 Event

Configuration

Description

DeleteCheck to delete the entry. It will be deleted during the next save.

ID

Indicates the index of the entry. The range is from 1 to 65535.

Desc

Indicates this event, the string length is from 0 to 127, default is a null string.

Type

Indicates the notification of the event, the possible types are:none: The total number of octets received on the interface, including framing
characters.
log: The number of uni-cast packets delivered to a higher-layer protocol.
snmptrap: The number of broad-cast and multi-cast packets delivered to ahigher-layer protocol.
logandtrap: The number of inbound packets that are discarded even the packets arenormal.

Community

Specify the community when trap is sent, the string length is from 0 to 127, thedefault is "public".

Event Last Time

Indicates the value of sysUpTime at the time this event entry last generated an event.

Add New Entry

Click to add a new entry.

DeleteClick to cancel the new entry.

Save

Click to save the changes.

Reset

Click to undo any changes made locally and revert to previously saved values.

Click

Add New Entry :-49-

2.5.2 Network

2.5.2.1 Limit Control

Limit Control allows for limiting the number of users on a given port. A user is identified by a MAC address
and VLAN ID. If Limit Control is enabled on a port, the limit specifies the maximum number of users on theport. If this number is exceeded, an action is taken. The action can be one of the four different actions as
described below. The Limit Control module utilizes a lower-layer module, Port Security module, which
manages MAC addresses learned on the port. The Limit Control configuration consists of two sections, asystem- and a port-wide.
Configuration

Description

System Configuration
Mode

Indicates if Limit Control is globally enabled or disabled on the switch. If globally
disabled, other modules may still use the underlying functionality, but limit checks-50-and corresponding actions are disabled.
Aging Enabled

If checked, secured MAC addresses are subject to aging as discussed under Aging
Period.

Aging Period

If Aging Enabled is checked, then the aging period is controlled with this input. Ifother modules are using the underlying port security for securing MAC addresses,
they may have other requirements to the aging period. The underlying port security
will use the shorter requested aging period of all modules that use the functionality.
The Aging Period can be set to a number between 10 and 10,000,000 seconds.
To understand why aging may be desired, consider the following scenario: Suppose
an end-host is connected to a 3rd party switch or hub, which in turn is connected to aport on this switch on which Limit Control is enabled. The end-host will be allowed
to forward if the limit is not exceeded. Now suppose that the end-host logs off or
powers down. If it wasn't for aging, the end-host would still take up resources on thisswitch and will be allowed to forward. To overcome this situation, enable aging.
With aging enabled, a timer is started once the end-host gets secured. When the timer
expires, the switch starts looking for frames from the end-host, and if such frames are
not seen within the next Aging Period, the end-host is assumed to be disconnected,
and the corresponding resources are freed on the switch.

Port Configuration
Port

The port number to which the configuration below applies.

Mode

Controls whether Limit Control is enabled on this port. Both this and the Global
Mode must be set to Enabled for Limit Control to be in effect. Notice that othermodules may still use the underlying port security features without enabling Limit
Control on a given port.

Limit

The maximum number of MAC addresses that can be secured on this port. This
number cannot exceed 1024. If the limit is exceeded, the corresponding action istaken.

ActionIf Limit is reached, the switch can take one of the following actions:None: Do not allow more than Limit MAC addresses on the port, but take no further
action.
Trap: If (Limit + 1) MAC addresses are seen on the port, send an SNMP trap. If
Aging is disabled, only one SNMP trap will be sent, but with Aging enabled, new
SNMP traps will be sent every time the limit gets exceeded.
Shutdown: If (Limit + 1) MAC addresses are seen on the port, shut down the port.
This implies that all secured MAC addresses will be removed from the port, and no
new address will be learned. Even if the link is physically disconnected andreconnected on the port (by disconnecting the cable), the port will remain shut down.
-51-

There are three ways to re-open the port:
1) Boot the stack or elect a new masterthe switch,
2) Disable and re-enable Limit Control on the port or the stackswitch,
3) Click the Reopen button.
Trap & Shutdown: If Limit + 1 MAC addresses is seen on the port, both the "Trap"
and the "Shutdown" actions described above will be taken.
State

This column shows the current state of the port as seen from the Limit Control's pointof view. The state takes one of four values:
Disabled: Limit Control is either globally disabled or disabled on the port.
Ready: The limit is not yet reached. This can be shown for all actions.
Limit Reached: Indicates that the limit is reached on this port. This state can only beshown if Action is set to None or Trap.
Shutdown: Indicates that the port is shut down by the Limit Control module. This
state can only be shown if Action is set to Shutdown or Trap & Shutdown.

ReopenIf a port is shutdown by this module, you may reopen it by clicking this button, which
will only be enabled if this is the case. For other methods, refer to Shutdown in the
Action section.
Note that clicking the reopen button causes the page to be refreshed, so
non-committed changes will be lost.

Save

Click to save the changes.

Reset

Click to undo any changes made locally and revert to previously saved values.

-52-2.5.2.2 NAS

System Configuration Description
Mode

Indicates if NAS is globally enabled or disabled on the switch stack. If globally
disabled, all ports are allowed forwarding of frames.

Reauthentication Enabled If checked, successfully authenticated supplicants/clients are reauthenticated after theinterval specified by the Reauthentication Period. Reauthentication for802.1X-enabled ports can be used to detect if a new device is plugged into a switch
port or if a supplicant is no longer attached. For MAC-based ports, reauthentication is
only useful if the RADIUS server configuration has changed. It does not involvecommunication between the switch and the client, and therefore doesn't imply that aclient is still present on a port (see Age Period below).
Reauthentication Period Determines the period, in seconds, after which a connected client must be
reauthenticated. This is only active if the Reauthentication Enabled checkbox is-53-checked. Valid values are in the range 1 to 3600 seconds.
EAPOL Timeout

Determines the time between retransmission of Request Identity EAPOL frames.
Valid values are in the range 1 to 255 seconds. This has no effect for MAC-based
ports.

Age Period

This setting applies to the following modes, i.e. modes using the Port Security
functionality to secure MAC addresses:• Single 802.1X• Multi 802.1X• MAC-Based Auth.
When the NAS module uses the Port Security module to secure MAC addresses, thePort Security module needs to check for activity on the MAC address in question at
regular intervals and free resources if no activity is seen within a given period of time.
This parameter controls exactly this period and can be set to a number between 10
and 1000000 seconds.
If reauthentication is enabled and the port is in a 802.1X-based mode, this is not so
criticial, since supplicants that are no longer attached to the port will get removed
upon the next reauthentication, which will fail. But if reauthentication is not enabled,
the only way to free resources is by aging the entries.
For ports in MAC-based Auth. mode, reauthentication doesn't cause directcommunication between the switch and the client, so this will not detect whether theclient is still attached or not, and the only way to free any resources is to age theentry.

Hold Time

This setting applies to the following modes, i.e. modes using the Port Security
functionality to secure MAC addresses:• Single 802.1X• Multi 802.1X• MAC-Based Auth.
If a client is denied access - either because the RADIUS server denies the client
access or because the RADIUS server request times out (according to the timeout
specified on the "Configuration→Security→AAA" page) - the client is put on hold in
the Un-authorized state. The hold timer does not count during an on-going
authentication. In MAC-based Auth. mode, the The switch will ignore new frames
coming from the client during the hold time. The Hold Time can be set to a number
between 10 and 1000000 seconds.

RADIUS-Assigned QoS Enabled
RADIUS-assigned QoS provides a means to centrally control the traffic class towhich traffic coming from a successfully authenticated supplicant is assigned on the-54-

switch. The RADIUS server must be configured to transmit special RADIUS
attributes to take advantage of this feature (see RADIUS-Assigned QoS Enabled
below for a detailed description). The "RADIUS-Assigned QoS Enabled" checkbox
provides a quick way to globally enable/disable RADIUS-server assigned QoS Classfunctionality. When checked, the individual ports' ditto setting determines whether
RADIUS-assigned QoS Class is enabled for that port. When unchecked,
RADIUS-server assigned QoS Class is disabled for all ports.
RADIUS-Assigned VLAN Enabled
RADIUS-assigned VLAN provides a means to centrally control the VLAN on which
a successfully authenticated supplicant is placed on the switch. Incoming traffic will
be classified to and switched on the RADIUS-assigned VLAN. The RADIUS servermust be configured to transmit special RADIUS attributes to take advantage of thisfeature (see RADIUS-Assigned VLAN Enabled below for a detailed description).
The "RADIUS-Assigned VLAN Enabled" checkbox provides a quick way to globallyenable/disable RADIUS-server assigned VLAN functionality. When checked, theindividual ports' ditto setting determines whether RADIUS-assigned VLAN isenabled for that port. When unchecked, RADIUS-server assigned VLAN is disabled
for all ports.
Guest VLAN Enabled

A Guest VLAN is a special VLAN - typically with limited network access - on which802.1X-unaware clients are placed after a network administrator-defined timeout.
The switch follows a set of rules for entering and leaving the Guest VLAN as listed
below. The "Guest VLAN Enabled" checkbox provides a quick way to globallyenable/disable Guest VLAN functionality. When checked, the individual ports' ditto
setting determines whether the port can be moved into Guest VLAN. Whenunchecked, the ability to move to the Guest VLAN is disabled for all ports.

Guest VLAN ID

This is the value that a port's Port VLAN ID is set to if a port is moved into the Guest
VLAN. It is only changeable if the Guest VLAN option is globally enabled.
Valid values are in the range [1: 4095].

Max. Reauth. CountThe number of times that the switch transmits an EAPOL Request Identity frame
without response before considering entering the Guest VLAN is adjusted with thissetting. The value can only be changed if the Guest VLAN option is globally enabled.
Valid values are in the range [1: 255].

Allow Guest VLAN if EAPOL Seen
The switch remembers if an EAPOL frame has been received on the port for thelife-time of the port. Once the switch considers whether to enter the Guest VLAN, it
will first check if this option is enabled or disabled. If disabled (unchecked; default),
the switch will only enter the Guest VLAN if an EAPOL frame has not been received-55-

on the port for the life-time of the port. If enabled (checked), the switch will consider
entering the Guest VLAN even if an EAPOL frame has been received on the port for
the life-time of the port. The value can only be changed if the Guest VLAN option is
globally enabled.
Port Configuration

Description

Port

The port number for which the configuration below applies.

Admin State

If NAS is globally enabled, this selection controls the port's authentication mode. The
following modes are available:

Force Authorized: In this mode, the switch will send one EAPOL Success frame
when the port link comes up, and any client on the port will be allowed network
access without authentication.
Force Unauthorized: In this mode, the switch will send one EAPOL Failure frame
when the port link comes up, and any client on the port will be disallowed network
access.
Port-based 802.1X: In the 802.1X-world, the user is called the supplicant, the switch
is the authenticator, and the RADIUS server is the authentication server. The
authenticator acts as the man-in-the-middle, forwarding requests and responses
between the supplicant and the authentication server. Frames sent between the
supplicant and the switch are special 802.1X frames, known as EAPOL (EAP OverLANs) frames. EAPOL frames encapsulate EAP PDUs (RFC3748). Frames sent
between the switch and the RADIUS server are RADIUS packets. RADIUS packets
also encapsulate EAP PDUs together with other attributes like the switch's IP address,
name, and the supplicant's port number on the switch. EAP is very flexible, in that itallows for different authentication methods, like MD5-Challenge, PEAP, and TLS.
The important thing is that the authenticator (the switch) doesn't need to know whichauthentication method the supplicant and the authentication server are using, or how
many information exchange frames are needed for a particular method. The switch
simply encapsulates the EAP part of the frame into the relevant type (EAPOL or
RADIUS) and forwards it.
-56-

When authentication is complete, the RADIUS server sends a special packet
containing a success or failure indication. Besides forwarding this decision to the
supplicant, the switch uses it to open up or block traffic on the switch port connectedto the supplicant.
Note: Suppose two backend servers are enabled and that the server timeout isconfigured to X seconds (using the AAA configuration page), and suppose that thefirst server in the list is currently down (but not considered dead). Now, if the
supplicant retransmits EAPOL Start frames at a rate faster than X seconds, then it
will never get authenticated, because the switch will cancel on-going backend
authentication server requests whenever it receives a new EAPOL Start frame fromthe supplicant. And since the server hasn't yet failed (because the X seconds haven't
expired), the same server will be contacted upon the next backend authentication
server request from the switch. This scenario will loop forever. Therefore, the server
timeout should be smaller than the supplicant's EAPOL Start frame retransmission
rate.
Single 802.1X: In port-based 802.1X authentication, once a supplicant is successfullyauthenticated on a port, the whole port is opened for network traffic. This allows
other clients connected to the port (for instance through a hub) to piggy-back on the
successfully authenticated client and get network access even though they reallyaren't authenticated. To overcome this security breach, use the Single 802.1X variant.
Single 802.1X is really not an IEEE standard, but features many of the samecharacteristics as does port-based 802.1X. In Single 802.1X, at most one supplicant
can get authenticated on the port at a time. Normal EAPOL frames are used in thecommunication between the supplicant and the switch. If more than one supplicant isconnected to a port, the one that comes first when the port's link comes up will be thefirst one considered. If that supplicant doesn't provide valid credentials within acertain amount of time, another supplicant will get a chance. Once a supplicant is
successfully authenticated, only that supplicant will be allowed access. This is themost secure of all the supported modes. In this mode, the Port Security module isused to secure a supplicant's MAC address once successfully authenticated.
Multi 802.1X: In port-based 802.1X authentication, once a supplicant is successfullyauthenticated on a port, the whole port is opened for network traffic. This allows
other clients connected to the port (for instance through a hub) to piggy-back on the
successfully authenticated client and get network access even though they reallyaren't authenticated. To overcome this security breach, use the Multi 802.1X variant.
Multi 802.1X is really not an IEEE standard, but features many of the samecharacteristics as does port-based 802.1X. Multi 802.1X is - like Single 802.1X - not-57-

an IEEE standard, but a variant that features many of the same characteristics. In
Multi 802.1X, one or more supplicants can get authenticated on the same port at thesame time. Each supplicant is authenticated individually and secured in the MAC
table using the Port Security module.
In Multi 802.1X it is not possible to use the multicast BPDU MAC address as
destination MAC address for EAPOL frames sent from the switch towards the
supplicant, since that would cause all supplicants attached to the port to reply torequests sent from the switch. Instead, the switch uses the supplicant's MAC address,
which is obtained from the first EAPOL Start or EAPOL Response Identity frame
sent by the supplicant. An exception to this is when no supplicants are attached. In
this case, the switch sends EAPOL Request Identity frames using the BPDU
multicast MAC address as destination - to wake up any supplicants that might be on
the port.
The maximum number of supplicants that can be attached to a port can be limitedusing the Port Security Limit Control functionality.
MAC-based Auth.: Unlike port-based 802.1X, MAC-based authentication is not a
standard, but merely a best-practices method adopted by the industry. In MAC-based
authentication, users are called clients, and the switch acts as the supplicant on behalfof clients. The initial frame (any kind of frame) sent by a client is snooped by theswitch, which in turn uses the client's MAC address as both username and password
in the subsequent EAP exchange with the RADIUS server. The 6-byte MAC address
is converted to a string on the following form "xx-xx-xx-xx-xx-xx", that is, a dash (-)
is used as separator between the lower-cased hexadecimal digits. The switch only
supports the MD5-Challenge authentication method, so the RADIUS server must be
configured accordingly.
When authentication is complete, the RADIUS server sends a success or failure
indication, which in turn causes the switch to open up or block traffic for thatparticular client, using the Port Security module. Only then will frames from theclient be forwarded on the switch. There are no EAPOL frames involved in thisauthentication, and therefore, MAC-based Authentication has nothing to do with the802.1X standard.
The advantage of MAC-based authentication over port-based 802.1X is that several
clients can be connected to the same port (e.g. through a 3rd party switch or a hub)and still require individual authentication, and that the clients don't need special
supplicant software to authenticate. The advantage of MAC-based authentication
over 802.1X-based authentication is that the clients don't need special supplicant
software to authenticate. The disadvantage is that MAC addresses can be spoofed by-58-

malicious users - equipment whose MAC address is a valid RADIUS user can beused by anyone. Also, only the MD5-Challenge method is supported. The maximum
number of clients that can be attached to a port can be limited using the Port Security
Limit Control functionality.
RADIUS-Assigned QoS Enabled
When RADIUS-Assigned QoS is both globally enabled and enabled (checked) for agiven port, the switch reacts to QoS Class information carried in the RADIUS
Access-Accept packet transmitted by the RADIUS server when a supplicant is
successfully authenticated. If present and valid, traffic received on the supplicant's
port will be classified to the given QoS Class. If (re-)authentication fails or the
RADIUS Access-Accept packet no longer carries a QoS Class or it's invalid, or the
supplicant is otherwise no longer present on the port, the port's QoS Class isimmediately reverted to the original QoS Class (which may be changed by theadministrator in the meanwhile without affecting the RADIUS-assigned).
This option is only available for single-client modes, i.e.
• Port-based 802.1X• Single 802.1X
RADIUS attributes used in identifying a QoS Class:
Refer to the written documentation for a description of the RADIUS attributes neededin order to successfully identify a QoS Class. The User-Priority-Table attributedefined in RFC4675 forms the basis for identifying the QoS Class in an
Access-Accept packet.
Only the first occurrence of the attribute in the packet will be considered, and to bevalid, it must follow this rule:• All 8 octets in the attribute's value must be identical and consist of ASCII
characters in the range '0' - '3', which translates into the desired QoS Class in therange [0; 3].
RADIUS-Assigned VLAN Enabled
When RADIUS-Assigned VLAN is both globally enabled and enabled (checked) fora given port, the switch reacts to VLAN ID information carried in the RADIUS
Access-Accept packet transmitted by the RADIUS server when a supplicant is
successfully authenticated. If present and valid, the port's Port VLAN ID will bechanged to this VLAN ID, the port will be set to be a member of that VLAN ID, andthe port will be forced into VLAN unaware mode. Once assigned, all traffic arrivingon the port will be classified and switched on the RADIUS-assigned VLAN ID.
If (re-)authentication fails or the RADIUS Access-Accept packet no longer carries a
VLAN ID or it's invalid, or the supplicant is otherwise no longer present on the port,-59-the port's VLAN ID is immediately reverted to the original VLAN ID (which may bechanged by the administrator in the meanwhile without affecting the
RADIUS-assigned).
This option is only available for single-client modes, i.e.
• Port-based 802.1X• Single 802.1X
For trouble-shooting VLAN assignments, use the "Monitor→VLANs→VLAN
Membership and VLAN Port" pages. These pages show that which modules have(temporarily) overridden the current Port VLAN configuration.
RADIUS attributes used in identifying a VLAN ID:
RFC2868 and RFC3580 form the basis for the attributes used in identifying a VLAN
ID in an Access-Accept packet. The following criteria are used:• The Tunnel-Medium-Type, Tunnel-Type, and Tunnel-Private-Group-ID attributes
must all be present at least once in the Access-Accept packet.
• The switch looks for the first set of these attributes that have the same Tag value
and fulfill the following requirements (if Tag == 0 is used, theTunnel-Private-Group-ID does not need to include a Tag):- Value of Tunnel-Medium-Type must be set to "IEEE-802" (ordinal 6).
- Value of Tunnel-Type must be set to "VLAN" (ordinal 13).
- Value of Tunnel-Private-Group-ID must be a string of ASCII chars in the range'0' - '9', which is interpreted as a decimal string representing the VLAN ID. Leading'0's are discarded. The final value must be in the range [1; 4095].
Guest VLAN Enabled

When Guest VLAN is both globally enabled and enabled (checked) for a given port,
the switch considers moving the port into the Guest VLAN according to the rules
outlined below.
This option is only available for EAPOL-based modes, i.e.:• Port-based 802.1X• Single 802.1X• Multi 802.1X
For trouble-shooting VLAN assignments, use the "Monitor→VLANs→VLAN
Membership and VLAN Port" pages. These pages show that which modules have(temporarily) overridden the current Port VLAN configuration.
Guest VLAN Operation:
When a Guest VLAN enabled port's link comes up, the switch starts transmitting
EAPOL Request Identity frames. If the number of transmissions of such frames
exceeds Max. Reauth. Count and no EAPOL frames have been received in the
meanwhile, the switch considers entering the Guest VLAN. The interval between-60-

transmissions of EAPOL Request Identity frames is configured with EAPOL
Timeout. If Allow Guest VLAN if EAPOL Seen is enabled, the port will now beplaced in the Guest VLAN. If disabled, the switch will first check its history to see if
an EAPOL frame has previously been received on the port (this history is cleared if
the port link goes down or the port's Admin State is changed), and if not, the port will
be placed in the Guest VLAN. Otherwise it will not move to the Guest VLAN, but
continue transmitting EAPOL Request Identity frames at the rate given by EAPOL
Timeout.
Once in the Guest VLAN, the port is considered authenticated, and all attachedclients on the port are allowed access on this VLAN. The switch will not transmit an
EAPOL Success frame when entering the Guest VLAN.
While in the Guest VLAN, the switch monitors the link for EAPOL frames, and if
one such frame is received, the switch immediately takes the port out of the Guest
VLAN and starts authenticating the supplicant according to the port mode. If an
EAPOL frame is received, the port will never be able to go back into the Guest
VLAN if the "Allow Guest VLAN if EAPOL Seen" is disabled.
Port StateThe current state of the port. It can undertake one of the following values:
Globally Disabled: NAS is globally disabled.
Link Down: NAS is globally enabled, but there is no link on the port.
Authorized: The port is in Force Authorized or a single-supplicant mode and the
supplicant is authorized.
Unauthorized: The port is in Force Unauthorized or a single-supplicant mode and the
supplicant is not successfully authorized by the RADIUS server.
X Auth/Y Unauth: The port is in a multi-supplicant mode. Currently X clients areauthorized and Y are unauthorized.

RestartTwo buttons are available for each row. The buttons are only enabled whenauthentication is globally enabled and the port's Admin State is in an EAPOL-basedor MAC-based mode.
Clicking these buttons will not cause settings changed on the page to take effect.
Reauthenticate : Schedules a reauthentication to whenever the quiet-period of theport runs out (EAPOL-based authentication). For MAC-based authentication,
reauthentication will be attempted immediately.
The button only has effect for successfully authenticated clients on the port and will
not cause the clients to get temporarily unauthorized.
Reintialize : Forces a reinitialization of the clients on the port and thereby areauthentication immediately. The clients will transfer to the unauthorized state while
the reauthentication is in progress.
-61-

Save

Click to save the changes.

Reset

Click to undo any changes made locally and revert to previously saved values.

2.5.2.3 ACL

2.5.2.3.1 Ports

Configuration

Description

Port

The logical port for the settings contained in the same row.

Policy ID

Select the policy to apply to this port. The allowed values are 0 through 255. The
default value is 0.

ActionSelect whether forwarding is permitted ("Permit") or denied ("Deny"). The default
value is "Permit".

Rate Limiter ID

Select which rate limiter to apply on this port. The allowed values are Disabled or thevalues 1 through 16. The default value is "Disabled".

Port Redirect

Select which port frames are copied to. The allowed values are Disabled or a specificport number. The default value is "Disabled".
-62-MirrorSpecify the mirror operation of this port. The allowed values are:Enabled: Frames received on the port are mirrored.
Disabled: Frames received on the port are not mirrored.
The default value is "Disabled".

LoggingSpecify the logging operation of this port. The allowed values are:Enabled: Frames received on the port are stored in the System Log.
Disabled: Frames received on the port are not logged.
The default value is "Disabled".
Please note that the System Log memory size and logging rate is limited.

Shutdown

Specify the port shut down operation of this port. The allowed values are:Enabled: If a frame is received on the port, the port will be disabled.
Disabled: Port shut down is disabled.
The default value is "Disabled".

State

Specify the port state of this port. The allowed values are:Enabled: To reopen ports by changing the volatile port configuration of the ACL user
module.
Disabled: To close ports by changing the volatile port configuration of the ACL user
module.
The default value is "Enabled".

CounterCounts the number of frames that match this ACE.

Save

Click to save the changes.

Reset

Click to undo any changes made locally and revert to previously saved values.

RefreshClick to refresh the page; any changes made locally will be undone.

Clear

Click to clear the counters.

-63-

2.5.2.3.2 Rate Limits

Configuration

Description

Rate Limiter ID

The rate limiter ID for the settings contained in the same row.

Rate

The allowed values are: 0-3276700 in pps or 0, 100, 200, 300, ..., 1000000 in kbps.

Unit

Specify the rate unit. The allowed values are:pps: packets per second.
kbps: Kbits per second.

Save

Click to save the changes.

Reset

Click to undo any changes made locally and revert to previously saved values.

-64-2.5.2.3.3 Access Control List

Configuration

Description

Ingress Port

Indicates the ingress port of the ACE. Possible values are:
All: The ACE will match all ingress port.
Port: The ACE will match a specific ingress port.

Policy/Bitmask

Indicates the policy number and bitmask of the ACE.

Frame Type

Indicates the frame type of the ACE. Possible values are:Any: The ACE will match any frame type.
EType: The ACE will match Ethernet Type frames. Note that an Ethernet Type based
ACE will not get matched by IP and ARP frames.
ARP: The ACE will match ARP/RARP frames.
IPv4: The ACE will match all IPv4 frames.
IPv4/ICMP: The ACE will match IPv4 frames with ICMP protocol.
IPv4/UDP: The ACE will match IPv4 frames with UDP protocol.
IPv4/TCP: The ACE will match IPv4 frames with TCP protocol.
IPv4/Other: The ACE will match IPv4 frames, which are not ICMP/UDP/TCP.
IPv6: The ACE will match all IPv6 standard frames.

ActionIndicates the forwarding action of the ACE.
Permit: Frames matching the ACE may be forwarded and learned.
Deny: Frames matching the ACE are dropped.

Rate Limiter

Indicates the rate limiter number of the ACE. The allowed range is 1 to 16. When Disabled isdisplayed, the rate limiter operation is disabled.

Port Redirect

Indicates the port redirect operation of the ACE. Frames matching the ACE are redirected tothe port number. The allowed values are Disabled or a specific port number. When Disabled
is displayed, the port redirect operation is disabled.

MirrorSpecify the mirror operation of this port. Frames matching the ACE are mirrored to thedestination mirror port. The allowed values are:Enabled: Frames received on the port are mirrored.
Disabled: Frames received on the port are not mirrored.
The default value is "Disabled".

Counter

The counter indicates the number of times the ACE was hit by a frame.

ACE modification buttons:(+)

Inserts a new ACE before the current row.
-65-

(e)
()
()
(X)
(+)

Edits the ACE.
Moves the ACE up the list.
Moves the ACE down the list.
Deletes the ACE.
The lowest plus sign adds a new entry at the bottom of the list of ACL.
Check this box to refresh the page automatically. Automatic refresh occurs every 3
seconds.

RefreshClick to refresh the page; any changes made locally will be undone.

Clear

Click to clear the counters.

Remove All

Click to remove all ACEs.

Click (+) to add one ACE entry:

Save

Click to save the changes.

Reset

Click to undo any changes made locally and revert to previously saved values.

CancelClick to return to the previous page.

-66-

2.5.2.4 DHCP

2.5.2.4.1 Snooping

Configuration

Description

Snooping Mode

Indicates the DHCP snooping mode operation. Possible modes are:Enabled: Enable DHCP snooping mode operation. When enable DHCP snooping
mode operation, the request DHCP messages will be forwarded to trusted ports andonly allowed reply packets from trusted ports.
Disabled: Disable DHCP snooping mode operation.

Port Mode

Indicates the DHCP snooping port mode. Possible port modes are:
Trusted: Configures the port as trusted sources of the DHCP message.
Untrusted: Configures the port as un-trusted sources of the DHCP message.

Save

Click to save the changes.

Reset

Click to undo any changes made locally and revert to previously saved values.

-67-2.5.2.4.2 Relay

Configuration

Description

Relay Mode

Indicates the DHCP relay mode operation. Possible modes are:Enabled: Enable DHCP relay mode operation. When enable DHCP relay mode
operation, the agent forward and to transfer DHCP messages between the clients andthe server when they are not on the same subnet domain. And the DHCP broadcast
message won't flood for security considered.
Disabled: Disable DHCP relay mode operation.

Relay ServerIndicates the DHCP relay server IP address. A DHCP relay agent is used to forward
and to transfer DHCP messages between the clients and the server when they are noton the same subnet domain.

Relay Information Mode Indicates the DHCP relay information mode option operation. Possible modes are:Enabled: Enable DHCP relay information mode operation. When enable DHCP relay
information mode operation, the agent insert specific information (option 82) into a
DHCP message when forwarding to DHCP server and remove it from a DHCP
message when transferring to DHCP client. It only works under DHCP relay
operation mode enabled.
Disabled: Disable DHCP relay information mode operation.
Relay Information Policy Indicates the DHCP relay information option policy. When enable DHCP relay
information mode operation, if agent receives a DHCP message that already contains
relay agent information. It will enforce the policy. And it only works under DHCP
relay information operation mode enabled. Possible policies are:Replace: Replace the original relay information when receive a DHCP message that
already contains it.
Keep: Keep the original relay information when receive a DHCP message that
already contains it.
Drop: Drop the package when receive a DHCP message that already contains relay
information.
-68-

Save

Click to save the changes.

Reset

Click to undo any changes made locally and revert to previously saved values.

2.5.2.5 IP Source Guard

2.5.2.5.1 Configuration

Configuration

Description

Mode of IP Source Guard Configuration
Enable the Global IP Source Guard or disable the Global IP Source Guard. All
configured ACEs will be lost when the mode is enabled.
Port Mode Configuration Specify IP Source Guard is enabled on which ports. Only when both Global Modeand Port Mode on a given port are enabled, IP Source Guard is enabled on this givenport.
Max Dynamic Clients

Specify the maximum number of dynamic clients can be learned on given ports. Thisvalue can be 0, 1, 2 and unlimited. If the port mode is enabled and the value of max
dynamic client is equal 0, it means only allow the IP packets forwarding that arematched in static entries on the specific port.
-69-

Translate dynamic to static
Click to translate all dynamic entries to static entries.
Save

Click to save the changes.

Reset

Click to undo any changes made locally and revert to previously saved values.

2.5.2.5.2 Static Table

Configuration

Description

DeleteCheck to delete the entry. It will be deleted during the next save.

Port

The logical port for the settings

VLAN ID

The VLAN ID for the settings

IP Address

Allowed Source IP address

MAC Address

Allowed MAC address

Add new entry

Click to add a new entry to the Static IP Source Guard table.

Save

Click to save the changes.

Reset

Click to undo any changes made locally and revert to previously saved values.

Click

Add New Entry :-70-

2.5.2.6 ARP Inspection

2.5.2.6.1 Configuration

Configuration

Description

ARP Inspection Mode

Enable the Global ARP Inspection or disable the Global ARP Inspection.

Port Mode

Specify ARP Inspection is enabled on which ports. Only when both Global Mode andPort Mode on a given port are enabled, ARP Inspection is enabled on this given port.

Translate dynamic to static
Click to translate all dynamic entries to static entries.
Save

Click to save the changes.

Reset

Click to undo any changes made locally and revert to previously saved values.

-71-2.5.2.6.2 Static Table

Configuration

Description

DeleteCheck to delete the entry. It will be deleted during the next save.

Port

The logical port for the settings

VLAN ID

The VLAN ID for the settings

MAC Address

Allowed MAC address

IP Address

Allowed Source IP address

Add new entry

Click to add a new entry.

Save

Click to save the changes.

Reset

Click to undo any changes made locally and revert to previously saved values.

Click

Add New Entry :-72-

2.5.3 AAA

Common Server

Description

Timeout

The Timeout, which can be set to a number between 3 and 3600 seconds, is the
maximum time to wait for a reply from a server. If the server does not reply within
this timeframe, we will consider it to be dead and continue with the next enabledserver (if any).
RADIUS servers are using the UDP protocol, which is unreliable by design. In order-73-

to cope with lost frames, the timeout interval is divided into 3 subintervals of equal
length. If a reply is not received within the subinterval, the request is transmitted
again. This algorithm causes the RADIUS server to be queried up to 3 times before it
is considered to be dead.
Dead TimeThe Dead Time, which can be set to a number between 0 and 3600 seconds, is theperiod during which the switch will not send new requests to a server that has failed
to respond to a previous request. This will stop the switch from continually trying tocontact a server that it has already determined as dead. Setting the Dead Time to avalue greater than 0 (zero) will enable this feature, but only if more than one server
has been configured.

RADIUS Authentication Server Configuration#

The RADIUS authentication server number for which the configuration applies

EnabledEnable the server by checking this box.

IP Address(Hostname)

The IP address of the server expressed in dotted decimal notation.

Port

The UDP port to use on the server. If the port is set to zero (0), the default port (1812)is used for the server.

SecretThe secret - up to 29 characters long - shared between the server and the switch unit.

RADIUS Accounting Server Configuration#

The RADIUS accounting server number for which the configuration applies

EnabledEnable the server by checking this box.

IP Address(Hostname)

The IP address of the server expressed in dotted decimal notation.

Port

The UDP port to use on the server. If the port is set to zero (0), the default port (1812)is used for the server.

SecretThe secret - up to 29 characters long - shared between the server and the switch unit.

TACACS+ Authentication Server Configuration#

The TACACS+ authentication server number for which the configuration applies

EnabledEnable the server by checking this box.

IP Address(Hostname)

The IP address of the server expressed in dotted decimal notation.

Port

The UDP port to use on the server. If the port is set to zero (0), the default port (1812)is used for the server.

SecretThe secret - up to 29 characters long - shared between the server and the switch unit.

Save

Click to save the changes.

Reset

Click to undo any changes made locally and revert to previously saved values.

-74-2.6 Aggregation
The Port Link Aggregation function can combine multiple physical switched ports, called “Aggregation
Group” into one logical port. It allows making connection between two switches using more than one physicallinks to increase the connection bandwidth between two switches. Two aggregation modes, “Static” and“LACP” are supported.

2.6.1 Static

Hash Code Configuration
Source MAC Address

Description

The Source MAC address can be used to calculate the destination port for the frame.
Check to enable the use of the Source MAC address, or uncheck to disable. Bydefault, Source MAC Address is enabled.

Destination MAC Address The Destination MAC Address can be used to calculate the destination port for theframe. Check to enable the use of the Destination MAC Address, or uncheck todisable. By default, Destination MAC Address is disabled.
IP Address

The IP address can be used to calculate the destination port for the frame. Check toenable the use of the IP Address, or uncheck to disable. By default, IP Address isenabled.

TCP/UDP Port Number The TCP/UDP port number can be used to calculate the destination port for the frame.
Check to enable the use of the TCP/UDP Port Number, or uncheck to disable. By-75-

default, TCP/UDP Port Number is enabled.
Aggregation Group Configuration
Group ID

Indicates the group ID for the settings contained in the same row. Group ID“Normal” indicates there is no aggregation. Only one group ID is valid per port.

Port Members

Each switch port is listed for each group ID. Select a radio button to include a port inan aggregation, or clear the radio button to remove the port from the aggregation. Bydefault, no ports belong to any aggregation group. Only full duplex ports can join an
aggregation and ports must be in the same speed in each group.

Save

Click to save the changes.

Reset

Click to undo any changes made locally and revert to previously saved values.

2.6.2 LACP

Configuration

Description

Port

The port number for which the associated row configuration applies

LACP Enabled

Controls whether LACP is enabled on this switch port. LACP will form an
aggregation when 2 or more ports are connected to the same partner.

Key

The Key value incurred by the port, range 1- 65535.
Auto: set the key as appropriate by the physical link speed, 10Mb = 1, 100Mb = 2, 1Gb = 3.
Specific: a user-defined value can be entered. Ports with the same Key value canparticipate in the same aggregation group, while ports with different keys cannot.

Role

The Role shows the LACP activity status. The “Active” will transmit LACP packets eachsecond while “Passive” will wait for a LACP packet from a link partner (speak if spoken to).

Timeout

The Timeout controls the period between BPDU transmissions. Fast will transmit
LACP packets each second, while Slow will wait for 30 seconds before sending a-76-

LACP packet.
Prio

The Prio controls the priority of the port. If the LACP partner wants to form a larger
group than is supported by this device then this parameter will control which ports
will be active and which ports will be in a backup role. Lower number means greaterpriority.

Save

Click to save the changes.

Reset

Click to undo any changes made locally and revert to previously saved values.

2.7 Loop Protection

Configuration

Description

Enable Loop Protection

Controls whether loop protections is enabled (as a whole).

Transmission TimeThe interval between each loop protection PDU sent on each port. valid values are 1 to 10
seconds.

Shutdown Time

The period (in seconds) for which a port will be kept disabled in the event of a loop is detected(and the port action shuts down the port). Valid values are 0 to 604800 seconds (7 days). A
value of zero will keep a port disabled (until next device restart).

Port

The switch port number of the port

EnableControls whether loop protection is enabled on this switch port.
-77-

ActionConfigures the action performed when a loop is detected on a port. Valid values are
Shutdown Port, Shutdown Port and Log or Log Only.

Tx ModeControls whether the port is actively generating loop protection PDU's, or whether it
is just passively looking for looped PDU's.

Save

Click to save the changes.

Reset

Click to undo any changes made locally and revert to previously saved values.

2.8 Spanning Tree
This section is used to set configuration for supporting Spanning Tree protocols including STP, RSTP, and
MSTP.

-78-

2.8.1 Bridge Settings

Basic Configuration

Description

Protocol Version

The STP protocol version setting
Valid values: STP, RSTP, MSTP

Bridge Priority

Controls the bridge priority. Lower numeric values have better priority. The bridge
priority plus the MSTI instance number, concatenated with the 6-byte MAC addressof the switch forms a Bridge Identifier.
For MSTP operation, this is the priority of the CIST. Otherwise, this is the priority of
the STP/RSTP bridge.

Forward Delay

The delay used by STP Bridges to transition Root and Designated Ports to
Forwarding (used in STP compatible mode).
Valid values: 4 ~ 30 seconds

Max Age

The maximum age of the information transmitted by the Bridge when it is the Root
BridgeValid values: 6 ~ 40 seconds (Max Age must be <= (FwdDelay-1)*2)

Maximum Hop CountIt defines how many bridges a root bridge can distribute its BPDU information. Thisdefines the initial value of remaining Hops for MSTI information generated at theboundary of an MSTI region.

Transmit Hold CountThe number of BPDU’s a bridge port can send per second. When exceeded,transmission of the next BPDU will be delayed.
-79-

Valid values: 1 ~ 10 BPDU’s per second
Advanced Configuration
Edge Port BPDU Filtering Check to configure a port explicitly as Edge will transmit and receive BPDUs
Edge Port BPDU Guard Control whether a port explicitly configured as Edge will disable itself upon receptionof a BPDU. The port will enter the error-disabled state, and will be removed from theactive topology.
Port Error Recovery

Control whether a port in the error-disabled state automatically will be enabled after
a certain time. If recovery is not enabled, ports have to be disabled and re-enabled fornormal STP operation. The condition is also cleared by a system reboot.

Port Error Recovery Timeout The time that has to pass before a port in the error-disabled state can be enabled.
Valid values: 30 ~ 86400 seconds (24 hours)
Save

Click to save the changes.

Reset

Click to undo any changes made locally and revert to previously saved values.

-80-

2.8.2 MSTI Mapping

Configuration

Description

Configuration Name

The name identifying the VLAN to MSTI mapping
Bridges must share the name and revision (see below), as well as the VLAN-to-MSTI
mapping configuration in order to share spanning trees for MSTI’s. (Intra-region)
The name is at most 32 characters.

Configuration Revision The revision of the MSTI configuration named above. This must be an integer
between 0 ~ 65535.
MSTI Mapping
MSTI

The bridge instance
The CIST is not available for explicit mapping, as it will receive the VLANs not
explicitly mapped.
-81-

VLANs Mapped

The list of VLAN’s mapped to the MSTI. The VLANs must be separated withcomma and/or space. A VLAN can only be mapped to one MSTI. An unused MSTI
should just be left empty. (i.e. not having any VLANs mapped to it.)

Save

Click to save the changes.

Reset

Click to undo any changes made locally and revert to previously saved values.

2.8.3 MSTI Priorities

Configuration

Description

MSTI

The bridge instance.
The CIST is the default instance, which is always active.

Priority

Controls the bridge priority. Lower numerical values have better priority. The bridge
priority plus the MSTI instance number, concatenated with the 6-byte MAC addressof the switch forms a Bridge Identifier.

Save

Click to save the changes.

Reset

Click to undo any changes made locally and revert to previously saved values.

-82-2.8.4 CIST Ports

Configuration

Description

Port

The switch port number of the logical STP port.

STP Enabled

Controls whether STP is enabled on this switch port.

Path Cost

Controls the path cost incurred by the port. The Auto setting will set the path cost as
appropriate by the physical link speed, using the 802.1D recommended values. Using
the Specific setting, a user-defined value can be entered. The path cost is used whenestablishing the active topology of the network. Lower path cost ports are chosen as
forwarding ports in favor of higher path cost ports.
Valid values: 1 to 200000000

Priority

Controls the port priority. This can be used to control priority of ports having
identical port cost. (See above).

AdminEdge

Controls whether the operEdge flag should start as being set or cleared. (The initial
operEdge state when a port is initialized).
operEdge: Operational flag describing whether the port is connecting directly to edge
devices. (No Bridges attached). Transitioning to the forwarding state is faster foredge ports (having operEdge true) than for other ports.

AutoEdge

Controls whether the bridge should enable automatic edge detection on the bridge
port. This allows operEdge to be derived from whether BPDU’s are received on theport or not.

Restricted-Role

If enabled, causes the port not to be selected as Root Port for the CIST or any MSTI,
even if it has the best spanning tree priority vector. Such a port will be selected as an
Alternate Port after the Root Port has been selected. If set, it can cause lack of-83-

spanning tree connectivity. It can be set by a network administrator to prevent bridges
external to a core region of the network influencing the spanning tree active topology,
possibly because those bridges are not under the full control of the administrator.
This feature is also know as Root Guard.
Restricted TCN

If enabled, causes the port not to propagate received topology change notifications
and topology changes to other ports. If set it can cause temporary loss of connectivity
after changes in a spanning trees active topology as a result of persistent incorrectly
learned station location information. It is set by a network administrator to prevent
bridges external to a core region of the network, causing address flushing in that
region, possibly because those bridges are not under the full control of theadministrator or is the physical link state for the attached LANs transitions
frequently.

BPDU Guard

If enabled, causes the port to disable itself upon receiving valid BPDU’s. Contrary to
the similar bridge setting, the port Edge status does not affect this setting.
A port entering error-disabled state due to this setting is subject to the bridge Port
Error Recovery setting as well.

Point2Point

Controls whether the port connects to a point-to-point LAN rather than a sharedmedium. This can be automatically determined, or forced either true or false.
Transition to the forwarding state is faster for point-to-point LANs than for shared
media.

Save

Click to save the changes.

Reset

Click to undo any changes made locally and revert to previously saved values.

Note: This configuration applies to physical and Link Aggregation ports.

-84-2.8.5 MSTI Ports
A MSTI port is a virtual port, which is instantiated separately for each active CIST (physical) port for each
MSTI instance configured and applicable for the port. The MSTI instance must be selected before displaying
actual MSTI port configuration options. This page contains MSTI port settings for physical and aggregatedports.

Configuration

Description

MSTI

Select an MSTI for pop-up configuration.

Get

Click to pop-up configuration page.

-85-

ClickGet:

Configuration

Description (Example with MSTI1)

Port

The switch port number of the corresponding STP CIST (and MSTI) port.

Path Cost

Controls the path cost incurred by the port. The Auto setting will set the path cost as
appropriate by the physical link speed, using the 802.1D recommended values. Using
the Specific setting, a user-defined value can be entered. The path cost is used whenestablishing the active topology of the network. Lower path cost ports are chosen as
forwarding ports in favor of higher path cost ports.
Valid values: 1 ~ 200000000

Priority

Controls the port priority. This can be used to control priority of ports having
identical port cost. (See above).

Save

Click to save the changes.

Reset

Click to undo any changes made locally and revert to previously saved values.

2.9 MVR
The MVR feature enables multicast traffic forwarding on the Multicast VLANs. In a multicast televisionapplication, a PC or a network television or a set-top box can receive the multicast stream. Multiple set-top-86-

boxes or PCs can be connected to one subscriber port, which is a switch port configured as an MVR receiver
port. When a subscriber selects a channel, the set-top box or PC sends an IGMP/MLD report message toSwitch A to join the appropriate multicast group address. Uplink ports that send and receive multicast data to
and from the multicast VLAN are called MVR source ports. It is allowed to create at maximum 8 MVR
VLANs with corresponding channel settings for each Multicast VLAN. There will be totally at maximum 256
group addresses for channel settings.

Configuration

Description (Example with MSTI1)

MVR Mode

Enable/Disable the Global MVR.
The Unregistered Flooding control depends on the current configuration in
IGMP/MLD Snooping. It is suggested to enable Unregistered Flooding control when
the MVR group table is full.

DeleteCheck to delete the entry. The designated entry will be deleted during the next save.

MVR VID

Specify the Multicast VLAN ID.
Be Caution: MVR source ports are not recommended to be overlapped withmanagement VLAN ports.

MVR Name

MVR Name is an optional attribute to indicate the name of the specific MVR VLAN.
Maximum length of the MVR VLAN Name string is 32. MVR VLAN Name can-87-only contain alphabets or numbers. When the optional MVR VLAN name is given, it
should contain at least one alphabet. MVR VLAN name can be edited for the existing
MVR VLAN entries or it can be added to the new entries.
Mode

Specify the MVR mode of operation. In Dynamic mode, MVR allows dynamic MVR
membership reports on source ports. In Compatible mode, MVR membership reports
are forbidden on source ports. The default is Dynamic mode.

TaggingSpecify whether the traversed IGMP/MLD control frames will be sent as Untagged
or Tagged with MVR VID. The default is Tagged.

Priority

Specify how the traversed IGMP/MLD control frames will be sent in prioritizedmanner. The default Priority is 0.

LLQIDefine the maximum time to wait for IGMP/MLD report memberships on a receiver
port before removing the port from multicast group membership. The value is in unitsof tenths of a second. The range is from 0 to 31744. The default LLQI is 5 tenths or
one-half second.

Interface Channel Setting
When the MVR VLAN is created, click the Edit symbol to expand the corresponding
multicast channel settings for the specific MVR VLAN. Summary about the Interface
Channel Setting (of the MVR VLAN) will be shown besides the Edit symbol.
Port

The logical port for the settings

Port Role

Configure an MVR port of the designated MVR VLAN as one of the following roles.
Inactive: The designated port does not participate MVR operations.
Source: Configure uplink ports that receive and send multicast data as source ports.
Subscribers cannot be directly connected to source ports.
Receiver: Configure a port as a receiver port if it is a subscriber port and should only
receive multicast data. It does not receive data unless it becomes a member of themulticast group by issuing IGMP/MLD messages.
Be Caution: MVR source ports are not recommended to be overlapped withmanagement VLAN ports.
Select the port role by clicking the Role symbol to switch the setting.
I: indicates Inactive; S: indicates Source; R indicates Receiver
The default Role is Inactive.

Immediate Leave

Enable the fast leave on the port.

Add New MVR VLAN
Click to add a new entry.
Save

Click to save the changes.

Reset

Click to undo any changes made locally and revert to previously saved values.
-88-Click

Add New MVR VLAN :-89-

2.10 IPMC

2.10.1 IGMP Snooping

2.10.1.1 Basic Configuration

Configuration

Description (Example with MSTI1)

Snooping Enabled

Enable the Global IGMP Snooping.

Unregistered IPMCv4 Flooding Enabled
Enable unregistered IPMCv4 traffic flooding.
The flooding control takes effect only when IGMP Snooping is enabled.
When IGMP Snooping is disabled, unregistered IPMCv4 traffic flooding is always-90-

active in spite of this setting.
IGMP SSM Range

SSM (Source-Specific Multicast) Range allows the SSM-aware hosts and routers run
the SSM service model for the groups in the address range.

Leave Proxy Enabled

Enable IGMP Leave Proxy. This feature can be used to avoid forwarding unnecessary
leave messages to the router side.

Proxy Enabled

Enable IGMP Proxy. This feature can be used to avoid forwarding unnecessary join
and leave messages to the router side.

Router Port

Specify which ports act as router ports. A router port is a port on the Ethernet switchthat leads towards the Layer 3 multicast device or IGMP querier.
If an aggregation member port is selected as a router port, the whole aggregation will
act as a router port.

Fast Leave

Enable the fast leave on the port.

Throttling

Enable to limit the number of multicast groups to which a switch port can belong.

Save

Click to save the changes.

Reset

Click to undo any changes made locally and revert to previously saved values.

-91-2.10.1.2 VLAN Configuration
Each page shows up to 99 entries from the VLAN table, default being 20, selected through the "entries perpage" input field. When first visited, the web page will show the first 20 entries from the beginning of the
VLAN Table. The first displayed will be the one with the lowest VLAN ID found in the VLAN Table.

Configuration

Description (Example with MSTI1)

DeleteCheck to delete the entry. The designated entry will be deleted during the next save.

VLAN ID

The VLAN ID of the entry.

IGMP Snooping Enabled
Enable the per-VLAN IGMP Snooping. Up to 32 VLANs can be selected for IGMP
Snooping.
IGMP Querier

Enable the IGMP Querier in the VLAN.

Compatibility

Compatibility is maintained by hosts and routers taking appropriate actions
depending on the versions of IGMP operating on hosts and routers within a network.
The allowed selection is IGMP-Auto, Forced IGMPv1, Forced IGMPv2, Forced
IGMPv3, default compatibility value is IGMP-Auto.

RV

Robustness Variable. The Robustness Variable allows tuning for the expected packet
loss on a network. The allowed range is 1 to 255, default robustness variable value is2.

QI

Query Interval. The Query Interval is the interval between General Queries sent by
the Querier. The allowed range is 1 to 31744 seconds, default query interval is 125
seconds.

QRI

Query Response Interval. The Maximum Response Delay used to calculate theMaximum Response Code inserted into the periodic General Queries. The allowed
range is 0 to 31744 in tenths of seconds, default query response interval is 100 intenths of seconds (10 seconds).

LLQI (LMQI for IGMP) Last Member Query Interval. The Last Member Query Time is the time value
represented by the Last Member Query Interval, multiplied by the Last Member
Query Count. The allowed range is 0 to 31744 in tenths of seconds, default last
member query interval is 10 in tenths of seconds (1 second).
URI

Unsolicited Report Interval. The Unsolicited Report Interval is the time between-92-repetitions of a host's initial report of membership in a group. The allowed range is 0
to 31744 seconds, default unsolicited report interval is 1 second.
RefreshRefreshes the displayed table starting from the "VLAN" input fields.

|<<

Updates the table starting from the first entry in the VLAN Table, i.e. the entry withthe lowest VLAN ID.

>>

Updates the table, starting with the entry after the last entry currently displayed.

Add New IGMP VLAN
Click to add new IGMP VLAN. Specify the VID and configure the new entry. Click"Save". The specific IGMP VLAN starts working after the corresponding static
VLAN is also created.
Save

Click to save the changes.

Reset

Click to undo any changes made locally and revert to previously saved values.

Click Add New IGMP VLAN :-93-

2.10.1.3 Port Group Filtering

Configuration

Description (Example with MSTI1)

DeleteCheck to delete the entry. It will be deleted during the next save.

Port

The logical port for the settings.

Filtering Groups

The IP Multicast Group that will be filtered.

Add New Filtering Group
Click to add a new entry to the Group Filtering table. Specify the Port, and FilteringGroup of the new entry. Click "Save".
Save

Click to save the changes.

Reset

Click to undo any changes made locally and revert to previously saved values.

Click

Add New Filtering Group :2.10.2 MLD Snooping

2.10.2.1 Basic Configuration-94-

Configuration

Description (Example with MSTI1)

Snooping Enabled

Enable the Global MLD Snooping.

Unregistered IPMCv6 Flooding Enabled
Enable unregistered IPMCv6 traffic flooding.
The flooding control takes effect only when MLD Snooping is enabled.
When MLD Snooping is disabled, unregistered IPMCv6 traffic flooding is always
active in spite of this setting.
MLD SSM Range

SSM (Source-Specific Multicast) Range allows the SSM-aware hosts and routers run
the SSM service model for the groups in the address range.

Leave Proxy Enabled

Enable MLD Leave Proxy. This feature can be used to avoid forwarding unnecessary
leave messages to the router side.

Proxy Enabled

Enable MLD Proxy. This feature can be used to avoid forwarding unnecessary join
and leave messages to the router side.

Router Port

Specify which ports act as router ports. A router port is a port on the Ethernet switchthat leads towards the Layer 3 multicast device or MLD querier.
If an aggregation member port is selected as a router port, the whole aggregation will
act as a router port.

Fast Leave

Enable the fast leave on the port.
-95-

Throttling

Enable to limit the number of multicast groups to which a switch port can belong.

Save

Click to save the changes.

Reset

Click to undo any changes made locally and revert to previously saved values.

2.10.2.2 VLAN Configuration
Each page shows up to 99 entries from the VLAN table, default being 20, selected through the "entries perpage" input field. When first visited, the web page will show the first 20 entries from the beginning of the
VLAN Table. The first displayed will be the one with the lowest VLAN ID found in the VLAN Table.

Configuration

Description (Example with MSTI1)

DeleteCheck to delete the entry. The designated entry will be deleted during the next save.

VLAN ID

The VLAN ID of the entry.

MLD Snooping Enabled
Enable the per-VLAN MLD Snooping. Up to 32 VLANs can be selected for MLD
Snooping.
MLD Querier

Enable the MLD Querier in the VLAN.

Compatibility

Compatibility is maintained by hosts and routers taking appropriate actions
depending on the versions of MLD operating on hosts and routers within a network.
The allowed selection is MLD-Auto, Forced MLDv1, Forced MLDv2, default
compatibility value is MLD-Auto.

RV

Robustness Variable. The Robustness Variable allows tuning for the expected packet
loss on a network. The allowed range is 1 to 255, default robustness variable value is2.

QI

Query Interval. The Query Interval is the interval between General Queries sent by
the Querier. The allowed range is 1 to 31744 seconds, default query interval is 125
seconds.

QRI

Query Response Interval. The Maximum Response Delay used to calculate theMaximum Response Code inserted into the periodic General Queries. The allowed
range is 0 to 31744 in tenths of seconds, default query response interval is 100 intenths of seconds (10 seconds).
-96-

LLQI

Last Member Query Interval. The Last Member Query Time is the time value
represented by the Last Member Query Interval, multiplied by the Last Member
Query Count. The allowed range is 0 to 31744 in tenths of seconds, default last
member query interval is 10 in tenths of seconds (1 second).

URI

Unsolicited Report Interval. The Unsolicited Report Interval is the time between
repetitions of a host's initial report of membership in a group. The allowed range is 0
to 31744 seconds, default unsolicited report interval is 1 second.

RefreshRefreshes the displayed table starting from the "VLAN" input fields.

|<<

Updates the table starting from the first entry in the VLAN Table, i.e. the entry withthe lowest VLAN ID.

>>

Updates the table, starting with the entry after the last entry currently displayed.

Add New MLD VLAN
Click to add new MLD VLAN. Specify the VID and configure the new entry. Click"Save". The specific MLD VLAN starts working after the corresponding static
VLAN is also created.
Save

Click to save the changes.

Reset

Click to undo any changes made locally and revert to previously saved values.

Click

Add New MLD VLAN :2.10.2.3 Port Group Filtering

Configuration

Description (Example with MSTI1)

DeleteCheck to delete the entry. It will be deleted during the next save.

Port

The logical port for the settings.

Filtering Groups

The IP Multicast Group that will be filtered.

Add New Filtering Group
Click to add a new entry to the Group Filtering table. Specify the Port, and Filtering-97-Group of the new entry. Click "Save".
Save

Click to save the changes.

Reset

Click to undo any changes made locally and revert to previously saved values.

Click

Add New Filtering Group :-98-

2.11 LLDP

2.11.1 LLDP

Global Configuration

Description

Tx Interval

The switch is periodically transmitting LLDP frames to its neighbors for having the
network discovery information up-to-date. The interval between each LLDP frame isdetermined by the Tx Interval value.
Valid values: 5 – 32768 seconds

Tx Hold

Each LLDP frame contains information about how long the information in the LLDP
frame shall be considered valid. The LLDP information valid period is set to Tx Hold
multiplied by Tx Interval seconds.
Valid values: 2 – 10 times

Tx Delay

If some configuration is changed (e.g. the IP address) a new LLDP frame istransmitted, but the time between the LLDP frames will always be at least the valueof Tx Delay seconds. Tx Delay cannot be larger than 1/4 of the Tx Interval value.
Valid values: 1 – 8192 seconds-99-

Tx Reinit

When a port is disabled, LLDP is disabled or the switch is rebooted a LLDP
shutdown frame is transmitted to the neighboring units, signaling that the LLDP
information isn’t valid anymore. Tx Reinit controls the amount of seconds between
the shutdown frame and a new LLDP initialization.
Valid values: 1 – 10 seconds

Port Configuration
Port

The switch port number of the logical LLDP port.

Mode

Select LLDP mode.
Rx only: The switch will not send out LLDP information, but LLDP informationfrom neighbor units is analyzed.
Tx only: The switch will drop LLDP information received from neighbors, but will
send out LLDP information.
Disabled: The switch will not send out LLDP information, and will drop LLDP
information received from neighbors.
Enabled: The switch will send out LLDP information, and will analyze LLDP
information received from neighbors.

CDP Aware

Select CDP awareness. The CDP operation is restricted to decoding incoming CDP
frames (The switch doesn't transmit CDP frames). CDP frames are only decoded if
LLDP for the port is enabled.
Only CDP TLVs that can be mapped into a corresponding field in the LLDP
neighbors table are decoded. All other TLVs are discarded ( Unrecognized CDP
TLVs and discarded CDP frame are not shown in the LLDP statistic. Only ). CDP
TLVs are mapped into LLDP neighbors table as shown below.
CDP TLV "Device ID" is mapped into the LLDP "Chassis ID" field.
CDP TLV "Address" is mapped into the LLDP "Management Address" field. The
CDP address TLV can contain multiple addresses, but only the first address is shownin the LLDP neighbors table.
CDP TLV "Port ID" is mapped into the LLDP "Port ID" field.
CDP TLV "Version and Platform" is mapped into the LLDP "System Description"
field.
Both the CDP and LLDP supports "system capabilities", but the CDP capabilities
cover capabilities that are not part of the LLDP. These capabilities are shown as"others" in the LLDP neighbors table.
If all ports have CDP awareness disabled the switch forwards CDP frames received
from neighbor devices. If at least one port has CDP awareness enabled all CDP
frames are terminated by the switch.
-100-Note: When CDP awareness for a port is disabled the CDP information isn't removed
immediately, but will be removed when the hold time is exceeded.
Optional TLVPort Descr

When checked the “port description” is included in LLDP information transmitted.

Sys Name

When checked the “system name” is included in LLDP information transmitted.

Sys Descr

When checked the “system description” is included in LLDP information transmitted.

Sys Capa

When checked the “system capability” is included in LLDP information transmitted.

Mgmt Addr

When checked the “management address” is included in LLDP informationtransmitted.

Save

Click to save the changes.

Reset

Click to undo any changes made locally and revert to previously saved values.

2.11.2 LLDP-MED

Configuration

Description

Fast start repeat countThe number of times the fast start transmission is repeated. The recommended valueis 4 times, giving that 4 LLDP frames with a 1 second interval will be transmitted,
when a LLDP frame with new information is received.

Coordinates Location-101-

Latitude

Latitude SHOULD be normalized to within 0-90 degrees with a maximum of 4 digits.
It is possible to specify the direction to either North of the equator or South of theequator.

Longitude

Longitude SHOULD be normalized to within 0-180 degrees with a maximum of 4
digits. It is possible to specify the direction to either East of the prime meridian orWest of the prime meridian.

Altitude

Altitude SHOULD be normalized to within -32767 to 32767 with a maximum of 4
digits. It is possible to select between two altitude types (floors or meters).
Meters: Representing meters of Altitude defined by the vertical datum specified.
Floors: Representing altitude in a form more relevant in buildings which havedifferent floor-to-floor dimensions. An altitude = 0.0 is meaningful even outside abuilding, and represents ground level at the given latitude and longitude. Inside abuilding, 0.0 represents the floor level associated with ground level at the main
entrance.

Map Datum

The Map Datum used for the coordinates given in this Option
WGS84: (Geographical 3D) - World Geodesic System 1984, CRS Code 4327, Prime
Meridian Name: Greenwich.
NAD83/NAVD88: North American Datum 1983, CRS Code 4269, Prime Meridian
Name: Greenwich; The associated vertical datum is the North American Vertical
Datum of 1988 (NAVD88). This datum pair is to be used when referencing locations
on land, not near tidal water (which would use Datum = NAD83/MLLW).
NAD83/MLLW: North American Datum 1983, CRS Code 4269, Prime Meridian
Name: Greenwich; The associated vertical datum is Mean Lower Low Water(MLLW). This datum pair is to be used when referencing locations onwater/sea/ocean.

Civic Address Location
Country code

The two-letter ISO 3166 country code in capital ASCII letters - Example: DK, DE or
US.

State

National subdivisions (state, canton, region, province, prefecture).

CountyCounty, parish, gun (Japan), district.

City

City, township, shi (Japan) - Example: Copenhagen

City district

City division, borough, city district, ward, chou (Japan)

Block (Neighborhood)

Neighborhood, block

StreetStreet - Example: Poppelvej

Leading street direction Leading street direction - Example: N
Trailing street suffix

Trailing street suffix - Example: SW-102-

Street suffix

Street suffix - Example: Ave, Platz

House no.

House number - Example: 21

House no. suffix

House number suffix - Example: A, 1/2

Landmark

Landmark or vanity address - Example: Columbia University

Additional location info Additional location info - Example: South Wing
Name

Name (residence and office occupant) - Example: Flemming Jahn

Zip code

Postal/zip code - Example: 2791

Building

Building (structure) - Example: Low Library

Apartment

Unit (Apartment, suite) - Example: Apt 42

Floor

Floor - Example: 4

Room no.

Room number - Example: 450F

Place type

Place type - Example: Office

Postal community name Postal community name - Example: Leonia
P.O. Box

Post office box (P.O. BOX) - Example: 12345

Additional code

Additional code - Example: 1320300003

Emergency Call Service
Emergency Call Service Emergency Call Service ELIN identifier data format is defined to carry the ELIN
identifier as used during emergency call setup to a traditional CAMA or ISDN
trunk-based PSAP. This format consists of a numerical digit string, corresponding to
the ELIN to be used for emergency calling.
Add New Policy

Click to configure a new policy.

DeleteCheck to delete the policy. It will be deleted during the next save.

Policy ID

ID for the policy. This is auto generated and shall be used when selecting the policesthat shall be mapped to the specific ports.

Application Type

Intended use of the application types:
1. Voice - for use by dedicated IP Telephony handsets and other similar appliances
supporting interactive voice services. These devices are typically deployed on a
separate VLAN for ease of deployment and enhanced security by isolation from dataapplications.
2. Voice Signaling (conditional) - for use in network topologies that require adifferent policy for the voice signaling than for the voice media. This application type-103-

should not be advertised if all the same network policies apply as those advertised inthe Voice application policy.
3. Guest Voice - support a separate 'limited feature-set' voice service for guest users
and visitors with their own IP Telephony handsets and other similar appliances
supporting interactive voice services.
4. Guest Voice Signaling (conditional) - for use in network topologies that require adifferent policy for the guest voice signaling than for the guest voice media. Thisapplication type should not be advertised if all the same network policies apply as
those advertised in the Guest Voice application policy.
5. Softphone Voice - for use by softphone applications on typical data centric devices,such as PCs or laptops. This class of endpoints frequently does not support multiple
VLANs, if at all, and are typically configured to use an 'untagged’ VLAN or a single'tagged’ data specific VLAN. When a network policy is defined for use with an'untagged’ VLAN (see Tagged flag below), then the L2 priority field is ignored andonly the DSCP value has relevance.
6. Video Conferencing
7. Streaming Video - for use by broadcast or multicast based video content
distribution and other similar applications supporting streaming video services that
require specific network policy treatment. Video applications relying on TCP withbuffering would not be an intended use of this application type.
8. Video Signaling (conditional) - for use in network topologies that require aseparate policy for the video signaling than for the video media. This application typeshould not be advertised if all the same network policies apply as those advertised inthe Video Conferencing application policy.
Tag

Tag indicating whether the specified application type is using a 'tagged’ or an'untagged’ VLAN.
Untagged indicates that the device is using an untagged frame format and as such
does not include a tag header as defined by IEEE 802.1Q-2003. In this case, both the
VLAN ID and the Layer 2 priority fields are ignored and only the DSCP value has
relevance.
Tagged indicates that the device is using the IEEE 802.1Q tagged frame format, andthat both the VLAN ID and the Layer 2 priority values are being used, as well as the
DSCP value. The tagged format includes an additional field, known as the tag header.
The tagged frame format also includes priority tagged frames as defined by IEEE
802.1Q-2003.

VLAN ID

VLAN identifier (VID) for the port as defined in IEEE 802.1Q-2003

L2 Priority

L2 Priority is the Layer 2 priority to be used for the specified application type. L2-104-

Priority may specify one of eight priority levels (0 through 7), as defined by IEEE
802.1D-2004. A value of 0 represents use of the default priority as defined in IEEE
802.1D-2004.
DSCP

DSCP value to be used to provide Diffserv node behavior for the specified
application type as defined in IETF RFC 2474. DSCP may contain one of 64 code
point values (0 through 63). A value of 0 represents use of the default DSCP value as
defined in RFC 2475.

Port Policies Configuration
Port

The port number for which the configuration applies.

Policy Id

The set of policies that shall apply for a given port
The set of policies is selected by checkmarking the checkboxes that corresponds tothe policies

Save

Click to save the changes.

Reset

Click to undo any changes made locally and revert to previously saved values.

Civic Address Location
IETF Geopriv Civic Address based Location Configuration Information (Civic Address LCI).
Emergency Call Service
Emergency Call Service (e.g. E911 and others), such as defined by TIA or NENA.
Policies
Network Policy Discovery enables the efficient discovery and diagnosis of mismatch issues with the VLAN
configuration, along with the associated Layer 2 and Layer 3 attributes, which apply for a set of specificprotocol applications on that port. Improper network policy configurations are a very significant issue in VoIP
environments that frequently result in voice quality degradation or loss of service. Policies are only intended
for use with applications that have specific 'real-time’ network policy requirements, such as interactive voice
and/or video services.
The network policy attributes advertised are:
1. Layer 2 VLAN ID (IEEE 802.1Q-2003)
2. Layer 2 priority value (IEEE 802.1D-2004)
3. Layer 3 Diffserv code point (DSCP) value (IETF RFC 2474)
This network policy is potentially advertised and associated with multiple sets of application types supported
on a given port. The application types specifically addressed are:
1. Voice-105-

2. Guest Voice
3. Softphone Voice
4. Video Conferencing
5. Streaming Video
6. Control / Signaling (conditionally support a separate network policy for the media types above)
A large network may support multiple VoIP policies across the entire organization, and different policies per
application type. LLDP-MED allows multiple policies to be advertised per port, each corresponding to adifferent application type. Different ports on the same Network Connectivity Device may advertise different
sets of policies, based on the authenticated user identity or port configuration.
It should be noted that LLDP-MED is not intended to run on links other than between Network Connectivity
Devices and Endpoints, and therefore does not need to advertise the multitude of network policies thatfrequently run on an aggregated link interior to the LAN.
Port Policies Configuration
Every port may advertise a unique set of network policies or different attributes for the same network policies,
based on the authenticated user identity or port configuration.

-106-2.12 MAC Table

Aging Configuration

Description

Disable Automatic Aging

Check to disable aging for MAC address entries. By default, dynamic entries are
removed from the MAC after 300 seconds. This removal is also called aging.

Aging Time

Configure aging time by entering a value here in seconds
Valid values: 10 to 1000000 seconds

Port MAC Table Learning
Auto

Learning is done automatically as soon as a frame with unknown SMAC is received.

DisableNo learning is done.

SecureOnly static MAC entries are learned, all other frames are dropped.
Note: Make sure that the link used for managing the switch is added to the Static
Mac Table before changing to secure learning mode, otherwise the management link
is lost and can only be restored by using another non-secure port or by connecting to
the switch via the serial interface.

Add New Static Entry Click to configure a new static MAC address entry in the MAC table.
Save

Click to save the changes.

Reset

Click to undo any changes made locally and revert to previously saved values.

-107-Click Add New Static Entry :2.13 VLANs

2.13.1 Abbreviation
Ingress Port: Ingress port is the input port on which a packet is received.
Egress Port: Egress port is the output port from which a packet is sent out.
IEEE 802.1Q Packets: A packet which is embedded with a VLAN Tag field

IEEE 802.1Q VLAN Tag: In IEEE 802.1Q packet format, 4-byte tag field is inserted in the original Ethernet
frame between the Source Address and Type/Length fields. Two bytes are used for the tag protocol identifier(TPID), the other two bytes for tag control information (TCI). The TCI field is further divided into PCP, DEI,
and VID.

TPID Tag protocol identifier: a 16-bit field set to a value of 0x8100 (standard) in order to identify the frame-108-

as an IEEE 802.1Q-tagged frame. This field is located at the same position as the EtherType/length field in
untagged frames, and is thus used to distinguish the frame from untagged frames.
Tag control information (TCI): divided into PCP, DEI, and VID
Priority code point (PCP): a 3-bit field which refers to the IEEE 802.1p class of service and maps to theframe priority level.
Drop eligible indicator (DEI): a 1-bit field. (formerly CFI). It may be used separately or in conjunction with
PCP to indicate frames eligible to be dropped in the presence of congestion.
VLAN identifier (VID): a 12-bit field specifying the VLAN to which the frame belongs.
Untagged frame: A standard Ethernet frame with no VLAN Tag field
Priority-tagged frame: An IEEE 802.1Q frame which VID field value is zero (VID=0)
VLAN-Tagged frame: An IEEE 802.1Q frame which VID field value is not zero (VID>0)
Double tagging, Double Tags: With the IEEE standard 802.1ad, double-tagging can be useful for Internet
service providers, allowing them to use VLANs internally while mixing traffic from clients that are already
VLAN-tagged. The outer (next to source MAC and representing ISP VLAN) S-TAG (service tag) comes first,
followed by the inner C-TAG (customer tag). In such cases, 802.1ad specifies a TPID of 0x88a8 forservice-provider outer S-TAG.

C-tag: Tag with TPID 0x8100
S-tag: Tag with TPID 0x88A8
Priority S-tagged frame: Priority tagged frame with S-tag (TPID=0x88A8, VID=0)
Priority C-tagged frame: Priority tagged frame with C-tag (TPID=0x8100, VID=0)
VLAN S-tagged frame: Tagged frame with S-tag (TPID=0x88A8, VID>0)
VLAN C-tagged frame: Tagged frame with C-tag (TPID=0x8100, VID>0)
PVID (Port VID): PVID is the default VID of an ingress port. It is used in 802.1Q filtering for untagged
packets. It is also often used as [Default Tag - VID] for egress tagging operation.

-109-

2.13.2 VLAN Membership

Configuration

Description

Start from VLAN …..

Select range of VLAN table entries.

DeleteCheck to delete a VLAN entry. The entry will be deleted on the switch unit during
the next Save.

VLAN ID

Indicates the ID of this particular VLAN.

VLAN Name

Indicates the name of the VLAN. Maximum length of the VLAN Name String is 32.
VLAN Name can be null. If it is not null, it must contain alphabets or numbers. At
least one alphabet must be present in a non-null VLAN name. VLAN name can beedited for the existing VLAN entries or it can be added to the new entries.

Port Members

A row of check boxes for each port is displayed for each VLAN ID. To include a port
in a VLAN, check the box. To remove or exclude the port from the VLAN, makesure the box is unchecked. By default, no ports are members, and all boxes areunchecked.

Add New VLAN

Click to add a new VLAN entry. An empty row is added to the table, and the VLAN
can be configured as needed.

RefreshClick to refresh the page; any changes made locally will be undone.

|<<

Click to display the first page.

>>

Click to display the last page.

Save

Click to save the changes.

Reset

Click to undo any changes made locally and revert to previously saved values.

Click

Add New VLAN

:

-110-

2.13.3 Ports

Configuration

Description

Ethertype for Custom S-ports 0x
This field specifies the ether type used for S-custom-ports. This is a global setting for
all the S-custom-ports.
Port

This is the logical port number of this row.

Port TypePort can be one of the following types: Unaware, Customer port(C-port), Service
port(S-port), Custom Service port(S-custom-port)
Each frame received on an ingress port will be classified to a VLAN before it isforwarding to other ports. The classified VLAN is abbreviated as Classified VID.
The VLAN classification rules for each of the port types are:
UnawareReceived frame typeClassified VID

Untagged

PVID (Ingress Port VLAN ID)

Priority tagged (VID = 0)

PVID (Ingress Port VLAN ID)

All tagged (VID > 0)

PVID (Ingress Port VLAN ID)

C-port, S-port, C-custom-port-111-

Received frame typeClassified VID

Untagged

PVID (Ingress Port VLAN ID)

Priority tagged (VID = 0)

PVID (Ingress Port VLAN ID)

All tagged (VID > 0)

The frame’s embedded VID

The tag removal rules for different port types are:
UnawareNo frame tag is removed.

C-port

The tag is removed for 1-tag frames.

S-portThe outer tag is removed for double-tagged frames.

S-custom-port
Ingress Filtering

Enable ingress filtering on a port by checking the box. This parameter affects VLAN
ingress processing. If ingress filtering is enabled and the ingress port is not a memberof the classified VLAN of the frame, the frame is discarded. By default, ingressfiltering is disabled (no checkmark).

Frame Type

Determines whether the port accepts all frames or only tagged/untagged frames. Thisparameter affects VLAN ingress processing. If the port only accepts tagged frames,
untagged frames received on the port are discarded. By default, the field is set to All.
The rules of the accepted frames for different port types are:
Unaware port
Untag

Untagged & Priority C-tag & S-tag frames

Tag

C-tag & S-tag tagged framesAll

All above frames

C-portUntag

Untagged & Priority C-tag frames

Tag

C-tag tagged framesAll

All above frames

S-portUntag

Untagged & Priority S-tag frames

Tag

S-tag tagged framesAll

All above frames

S-custom-port
Untag

Untagged & Priority S-custom-tag framesTag

S-custom-tag tagged framesAll

All above frames-112-

Port VLAN Mode

The allowed values are None or Specific. This parameter affects VLAN ingress andegress processing.
None - a VLAN tag with the classified VLAN ID is inserted in frames transmitted on
the port. This mode is normally used for ports connected to VLAN aware switches.
Tx tag should be set to Untag_pvid when this mode is used.
Specific (the default value) - a Port VLAN ID can be configured (see below).
Untagged frames received on the port are classified to the Port VLAN ID. If VLAN
awareness is disabled, all frames received on the port are classified to the Port VLAN
ID. If the classified VLAN ID of a frame transmitted on the port is different from thePort VLAN ID, a VLAN tag with the classified VLAN ID is inserted in the frame.

Port VLAN ID (PVID)

Configures the VLAN identifier for the port. The setting is abbreviated as PVID. The
allowed values are from 1 through 4095. The default value is 1.
Note: The port must be a member of the same VLAN as the Port VLAN ID.

Tx TagDetermines egress tagging of a port.
Untag_pvid - All frames except the configured PVID will be tagged. The frames thatthe associated classified VID match egress port’s PVID are NOT inserted with any
tag. All other frames are with the associated classified tag in egress.
Tag_all - All frames are tagged. All frames are inserted with the associated classified
tag in egress.
Untag_all - All frames are untagged. All frames are NOT inserted with the associatedclassified tag in egress.
Note:
1. The value of TPID (Ethertype) for the inserted tag determined by the egress port
type as follows:
UnawareC-tag (0x8100)

C-portC-tag (0x8100)

S-portS-tag (0x88A8)

S-custom-port

The setting of Ethertype for Customer S-port

2. The inserted tag is inserted at the outer tag position in a frame.

RefreshClick to refresh the page; any changes made locally will be undone.

Save

Click to save the changes.

Reset

Click to undo any changes made locally and revert to previously saved values.

-113-2.14 Private VLANs

Private VLANs are based on the source port mask, and there are no connections to VLANs. This means that
VLAN IDs and Private VLAN IDs can be identical. A port must be a member of both a VLAN and a Private
VLAN to be able to forward packets. By default, all ports are VLAN unaware and members of VLAN 1 andPrivate VLAN 1. A VLAN unaware port can only be a member of one VLAN, but it can be a member ofmultiple Private VLANs.

2.14.1 PVLAN Membership

Configuration

Description

DeleteTo delete a private VLAN entry, check this box. The entry will be deleted during thenext save.

Private VLAN ID

Indicates the ID of this particular private VLAN.

Port Members

A row of check boxes for each port is displayed for each private VLAN ID. To
include a port in a Private VLAN, check the box. To remove or exclude the port fromthe Private VLAN, make sure the box is unchecked. By default, no ports are members,
and all boxes are unchecked.

Add New Private VLAN
Click to add a new VLAN entry. An empty row is added to the table, and the VLAN
can be configured as needed.
Save

Click to save the changes.

Reset

Click to undo any changes made locally and revert to previously saved values.

-114-

Click

:2.14.2 Port Isolation

A port member of a VLAN can be isolated to other isolated ports on the same VLAN and Private VLAN.

Configuration

Description

Port Members

A check box is provided for each port of a private VLAN.
When checked, port isolation is enabled on that port.
When unchecked, port isolation is disabled on that port.
By default, port isolation is disabled on all ports.

Save

Click to save the changes.

Reset

Click to undo any changes made locally and revert to previously saved values.

-115-2.15 Voice VLAN

The Voice VLAN feature enables voice traffic forwarding on the Voice VLAN, then the switch can classify
and schedule network traffic. It is recommended that there be two VLANs on a port - one for voice, one fordata. Before connecting the IP device to the switch, the IP phone should configure the voice VLAN ID
correctly. It should be configured through its own GUI.

2.15.1 Configuration

Configuration

Description

Mode

Indicates the Voice VLAN mode operation. We must disable MSTP feature before
we enable Voice VLAN. It can avoid the conflict of ingress filtering. Possible modes
are:Enabled: Enable Voice VLAN mode operation.
Disabled: Disable Voice VLAN mode operation.

VLAN ID

Indicates the Voice VLAN ID. It should be a unique VLAN ID in the system andcannot equal each port PVID. It is a conflict in configuration if the value equals
management VID, MVR VID, PVID etc. The allowed range is 1 to 4095.
-116-

Aging Time

Indicates the Voice VLAN secure learning aging time. The allowed range is 10 to
10000000 seconds. It is used when security mode or auto detect mode is enabled. In
other cases, it will be based on hardware aging time. The actual aging time will besituated between the [age_time; 2 * age_time] interval.

Traffic Class

Indicates the Voice VLAN traffic class. All traffic on the Voice VLAN will apply
this class.

Port Mode

Indicates the Voice VLAN port mode.
When the port mode isn't equal disabled, we must disable MSTP feature before we
enable Voice VLAN. It can avoid the conflict of ingress filtering.
Possible port modes are:
Disabled: Disjoin from Voice VLAN.
Auto: Enable auto detect mode. It detects whether there is VoIP phone attached to thespecific port and configures the Voice VLAN members automatically.
Forced: Force join to Voice VLAN.

Port Security

Indicates the Voice VLAN port security mode. When the function is enabled, all
non-telephonic MAC addresses in the Voice VLAN will be blocked for 10 seconds.
Possible port modes are:Enabled: Enable Voice VLAN security mode operation.
Disabled: Disable Voice VLAN security mode operation.

Port Discovery Protocol Indicates the Voice VLAN port discovery protocol. It will only work when auto
detect mode is enabled. We should enable LLDP feature before configuring
discovery protocol to "LLDP" or "Both". Changing the discovery protocol to "OUI"or "LLDP" will restart auto detect process. Possible discovery protocols are:
OUI: Detect telephony device by OUI address.
LLDP: Detect telephony device by LLDP.
Both: Both OUI and LLDP.
Save

Click to save the changes.

Reset

Click to undo any changes made locally and revert to previously saved values.

-117-2.15.2 OUIConfiguration

Description

DeleteCheck to delete the entry. It will be deleted during the next save.

Telephony OUITelephony OUI address is a globally unique identifier assigned to a vendor by IEEE.
It must be 6 characters long and the input format is "xx-xx-xx" (x is a hexadecimal
digit).

Description

The description of OUI address. Normally, it describes which vendor telephonydevice it belongs to. The allowed string length is 0 to 32.

Add New Entry

Click to add a new entry.

Save

Click to save the changes.

Reset

Click to undo any changes made locally and revert to previously saved values.

Click

Add New Entry

:

-118-

2.16 QoS

2.16.1 Port Classification

Configuration

Description

Port

The port number for which the configuration below applies.

QoS classControls the default QoS class.
All frames are classified to a QoS class. There is a one to one mapping between QoSclass, queue and priority. A QoS class of 0 (zero) has the lowest priority.
If the port is VLAN aware and the frame is tagged, then the frame is classified to a
QoS class that is based on the PCP value in the tag as shown below. Otherwise theframe is classified to the default QoS class.
PCP value: 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
QoS class: 1 0 2 3 4 5 6 7
If the port is VLAN aware, the frame is tagged and Tag Class is enabled, then theframe is classified to a QoS class that is mapped from the PCP and DEI value in thetag. Otherwise the frame is classified to the default QoS class.
The classified QoS class can be overruled by a QCL entry.
-119-Note: If the default QoS class has been dynamically changed, then the actual default
QoS class is shown in parentheses after the configured default QoS class.
DP level

Controls the default Drop Precedence Level.
All frames are classified to a DP level.
If the port is VLAN aware and the frame is tagged, then the frame is classified to a
DP level that is equal to the DEI value in the tag. Otherwise the frame is classified tothe default DP level.
If the port is VLAN aware, the frame is tagged and Tag Class. is enabled, then theframe is classified to a DP level that is mapped from the PCP and DEI value in thetag. Otherwise the frame is classified to the default DP level.
The classified DP level can be overruled by a QCL entry.

PCP

Controls the default PCP value.
All frames are classified to a PCP value.
If the port is VLAN aware and the frame is tagged, then the frame is classified to the
PCP value in the tag. Otherwise the frame is classified to the default PCP value.

DEI

Controls the default DEI value.
All frames are classified to a DEI value.
If the port is VLAN aware and the frame is tagged, then the frame is classified to the
DEI value in the tag. Otherwise the frame is classified to the default DEI value.

Tag Class.

Shows the classification mode for tagged frames on this port.
Disabled: Use default QoS class and DP level for tagged frames.
Enabled: Use mapped versions of PCP and DEI for tagged frames.
Click on the mode in order to configure the mode and/or mapping.
Note: This setting has no effect if the port is VLAN unaware. Tagged frames received
on VLAN unaware ports are always classified to the default QoS class and DP level.

DSCP Based

Click to Enable DSCP Based QoS Ingress Port Classification.

Save

Click to save the changes.

Reset

Click to undo any changes made locally and revert to previously saved values.

-120-2.16.2 Port Policing

Configuration

Description

Port

The port number for which the configuration below applies.

EnabledControls whether the policer is enabled on this switch port.

Rate

Controls the rate for the policer. The default value is 500. This value is restricted to100-1000000 when the "Unit" is "kbps" or "fps", and it is restricted to 1-3300 when the "Unit"
is "Mbps" or "kfps".

Unit

Controls the unit of measure for the policer rate as kbps, Mbps, fps or kfps . The default value
is "kbps".

Flow Control

If flow control is enabled and the port is in flow control mode, then pause frames aresent instead of discarding frames.

Save

Click to save the changes.

Reset

Click to undo any changes made locally and revert to previously saved values.

-121-2.16.3 Scheduler

Configuration

Description

Port

The logical port for the settings contained in the same row.
Click on the port number in order to configure the schedulers.

Mode

Shows the scheduling mode for this port.

Qn

Shows the weight for this queue and port.

Save

Click to save the changes.

Reset

Click to undo any changes made locally and revert to previously saved values.

2.16.4 Shaping

Configuration

Description

Port

The logical port for the settings contained in the same row.
Click on the port number in order to configure the shapers.

Qn

Shows "disabled" or actual queue shaper rate - e.g. "800 Mbps".

Port

Shows "disabled" or actual port shaper rate - e.g. "800 Mbps".

Click Port 1 icon as an example:-122-Configuration

Description

Scheduler ModeControls whether the scheduler mode is "Strict Priority" or "Weighted" on this switch
port.

Queue Shaper Enable

Controls whether the queue shaper is enabled for this queue on this switch port.

Queue Shaper Rate

Controls the rate for the queue shaper. The default value is 500. This value isrestricted to 100-1000000 when the "Unit" is "kbps", and it is restricted to 1-3300
when the "Unit" is "Mbps".

Queue Shaper Unit

Controls the unit of measure for the queue shaper rate as "kbps" or "Mbps". The
default value is "kbps".

Queue Shaper Excess

Controls whether the queue is allowed to use excess bandwidth.

Queue Scheduler WeightControls the weight for this queue. The default value is "17". This value is restricted
to 1-100. This parameter is only shown if "Scheduler Mode" is set to "Weighted".
-123-

Queue Scheduler Percent
Shows the weight in percent for this queue. This parameter is only shown if"Scheduler Mode" is set to "Weighted".
Port Shaper Enable

Controls whether the port shaper is enabled for this switch port.

Port Shaper Rate

Controls the rate for the port shaper. The default value is 500. This value is restricted
to 100-1000000 when the "Unit" is "kbps", and it is restricted to 1-3300 when the"Unit" is "Mbps".

Port Shaper Unit

Controls the unit of measure for the port shaper rate as "kbps" or "Mbps". The default
value is "kbps".

Save

Click to save the changes.

Reset

Click to undo any changes made locally and revert to previously saved values.

CancelClick to undo any changes made locally and revert to previously page.

-124-

2.16.5 Tag Remarking

Configuration

Description

Port

The logical port for the settings contained in the same row.
Click on the port number in order to configure tag remarking.

ModeShows the tag remarking mode for this port.
Classified: Use classified PCP/DEI values.
Default: Use default PCP/DEI values.
Mapped: Use mapped versions of QoS class and DP level.

Click Port 1 icon as an example:
Mode = Classified

Mode = Default

Mode = Mapped-125-Configuration

Description

ModeControls the tag remarking mode for this port.
Classified: Use classified PCP/DEI values.
Default: Use default PCP/DEI values.
Mapped: Use mapped versions of QoS class and DP level.

PCP/DEI Configuration Controls the default PCP and DEI values used when the mode is set to Default.
DP level Configuration Controls the Drop Precedence level translation table when the mode is set to Mapped.
The purpose of this table is to reduce the 2 bit classified DP level to a 1 bit DP level
used in the (QoS class, DP level) to (PCP, DEI) mapping process.
(QoS class, DP level) to (PCP, DEI) Mapping
Controls the mapping of the classified (QoS class, DP level) to (PCP, DEI) values
when the mode is set to Mapped.
-126-

Save

Click to save the changes.

Reset

Click to undo any changes made locally and revert to previously saved values.

CancelClick to undo any changes made locally and revert to previously page.

2.16.6 Port DSCP

Configuration

Description

Port

The Port column shows the list of ports for which you can configure dscp ingress andegress settings.

Ingress
Translate

To Enable the Ingress Translation click the checkbox.

Classify

Classification for a port have 4 different values.
Disable: No Ingress DSCP Classification.
DSCP=0: Classify if incoming (or translated if enabled) DSCP is 0.
Selected: Classify only selected DSCP for which classification is enabled as specified
in DSCP Translation window for the specific DSCP.
All: Classify all DSCP.

EgressRewritePort Egress Rewriting can be one of Disable: No Egress rewrite.
Enable: Rewrite enabled without remapping.
Remap DP Unaware: DSCP from analyzer is remapped and frame is remarked withremapped DSCP value. The remapped DSCP value is always taken from the 'DSCP
Translation->Egress Remap DP0' table.
Remap DP Aware: DSCP from analyzer is remapped and frame is remarked with-127-

remapped DSCP value. Depending on the DP level of the frame, the remapped DSCP
value is either taken from the 'DSCP Translation->Egress Remap DP0' table or fromthe 'DSCP Translation->Egress Remap DP1' table.
Save

Click to save the changes.

Reset

Click to undo any changes made locally and revert to previously saved values.

-128-2.16.7 DSCP-Based QoS-129-

-130-

Configuration

Description

DSCP

Maximum number of supported DSCP values are 64.

TrustControls whether a specific DSCP value is trusted. Only frames with trusted DSCP
values are mapped to a specific QoS class and Drop Precedence Level. Frames with
untrusted DSCP values are treated as a non-IP frame.

QoS Class

QoS class value can be any of (0-7)

DPL

Drop Precedence Level (0-1)

Save

Click to save the changes.

Reset

Click to undo any changes made locally and revert to previously saved values.

-131-2.16.8 DSCP Translation-132-

-133-

Configuration

Description

DSCP

Maximal number of supported DSCP values are 64 and valid DSCP value ranges
from 0 to 63.

Ingress

Ingress side DSCP can be first translated to new DSCP before using the DSCP for
QoS class and DPL map.
There are two configuration parameters for DSCP Translation – Translate & Classify.

Translate

DSCP at Ingress side can be translated to any of (0-63) DSCP values.

Classify

Click to enable Classification at Ingress side.

EgressThere are the following configurable parameters for Egress side 1. Remap DP0 Controls the remapping for frames with DP level 0.
2. Remap DP1 Controls the remapping for frames with DP level 1.

Remap DP0

Select the DSCP value from select menu to which you want to remap. DSCP value
ranges form 0 to 63.

Remap DP1

Select the DSCP value from select menu to which you want to remap. DSCP value
ranges form 0 to 63.

Save

Click to save the changes.

Reset

Click to undo any changes made locally and revert to previously saved values.

-134-2.16.9 DSCP Classification

Configuration

Description

QoS Class

Actual QoS class.

DPL

Actual Drop Precedence Level

DSCP

Select the classified DSCP value (0-63).

Save

Click to save the changes.

Reset

Click to undo any changes made locally and revert to previously saved values.

-135-2.16.10 QoS Control List

Click

:

Configuration

Description

Port Members

Check the checkbox button to include the port in the QCL entry. By default all ports
are included.

Key Parameters

Key configuration is described as below:

Tag

Value of Tag field can be 'Any', 'Untag' or 'Tag'.

VID

Valid value of VLAN ID can be any value in the range 1-4095 or 'Any'; user canenter either a specific value or a range of VIDs.

PCP

Priority Code Point: Valid value PCP are specific(0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7) or range(0-1,2-3, 4-5, 6-7, 0-3, 4-7) or 'Any'.

DEI

Drop Eligible Indicator: Valid value of DEI can be any of values between 0, 1 or'Any'.

SMAC

Source MAC address: 24 MS bits (OUI) or 'Any'.

DMAC Type

Destination MAC type: possible values are unicast(UC), multicast(MC),broadcast(BC) or 'Any'.

Frame Type

Frame Type can have any of the following values:-136-

Any, Ethernet, LLC, SNAP, IPv4, IPv6
Note: All frame types are explained below.
1. Any: Allow all types of frames.
2. Ethernet: Ethernet Type Valid ethernet type can have a value within
0x600-0xFFFF or 'Any' but excluding 0x800(IPv4) and 0x86DD(IPv6), default
value is 'Any'.
3. LLC: SSAP Address Valid SSAP(Source Service Access Point) can vary from
0x00 to 0xFF or 'Any', the default value is 'Any'.
DSAP Address Valid DSAP(Destination Service Access Point) can vary from
0x00 to 0xFF or 'Any', the default value is 'Any'.
Control Valid Control field can vary from 0x00 to 0xFF or 'Any', the default
value is 'Any'.
4. SNAP: PID Valid PID(a.k.a ethernet type) can have value within 0x00-0xFFFF
or 'Any', default value is 'Any'.
5. IPv4: Protocol IP protocol number: (0-255, TCP or UDP) or 'Any'.
Source IP Specific Source IP address in value/mask format or 'Any'. IP and Mask
are in the format x.y.z.w where x, y, z, and w are decimal numbers between 0 and
255. When Mask is converted to a 32-bit binary string and read from left to right,
all bits following the first zero must also be zero.
DSCP Diffserv Code Point value (DSCP): It can be a specific value, range ofvalues or 'Any'. DSCP values are in the range 0-63 including BE, CS1-CS7, EF
or AF11-AF43.
IP Fragment IPv4 frame fragmented option: yes|no|any.
Sport Source TCP/UDP port:(0-65535) or 'Any', specific or port range
applicable for IP protocol UDP/TCP.
Dport Destination TCP/UDP port:(0-65535) or 'Any', specific or port range
applicable for IP protocol UDP/TCP.
6. IPv6: Protocol IP protocol number: (0-255, TCP or UDP) or 'Any'.
Source IP IPv6 source address: (a.b.c.d) or 'Any', 32 LS bits.
DSCP Diffserv Code Point value (DSCP): It can be a specific value, range ofvalues or 'Any'. DSCP values are in the range 0-63 including BE, CS1-CS7, EF
or AF11-AF43.
Sport Source TCP/UDP port:(0-65535) or 'Any', specific or port range
applicable for IP protocol UDP/TCP.
Dport Destination TCP/UDP port:(0-65535) or 'Any', specific or port range
applicable for IP protocol UDP/TCP.
Action Parameters-137-

ClassQoS class: (0-7) or 'Default'.

DPL

Valid Drop Precedence Level can be (0-1) or 'Default'.

DSCP

Valid DSCP value can be (0-63, BE, CS1-CS7, EF or AF11-AF43) or 'Default'.
'Default' means that the default classified value is not modified by this QCE.

Save

Click to save the changes.

Reset

Click to undo any changes made locally and revert to previously saved values.

CancelClick to undo any changes made locally and revert to previously page.

2.16.11 Storm Control

There is a unicast storm rate control, multicast storm rate control, and a broadcast storm rate control. These
only affect flooded frames, i.e. frames with a (VLAN ID, DMAC) pair not present on the MAC Address table.

Configuration

Description

Frame TypeThe settings in a particular row apply to the frame type listed here: Unicast, Multicast
or Broadcast.

EnableEnable or disable the storm control status for the given frame type.

Rate

The rate unit is packets per second (pps). Valid values are: 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64, 128,
256, 512, 1K, 2K, 4K, 8K, 16K, 32K, 64K, 128K, 256K, 512K or 1024K.
The 1 kpps is actually 1002.1 pps.

Save

Click to save the changes.

Reset

Click to undo any changes made locally and revert to previously saved values.

-138-2.17 Mirroring

To debug network problems, selected traffic can be copied, or mirrored, on a mirror port where a frame
analyzer can be attached to analyze the frame flow. The traffic to be copied on the mirror port is selected asfollows:
1. All frames received on a given port (also known as ingress or source mirroring).
2. All frames transmitted on a given port (also known as egress or destination mirroring).

Configuration

Description

Port to mirror to

Port to mirror also known as the mirror port. Frames from ports that have either
source (rx) or destination (tx) mirroring enabled are mirrored on this port. Disableddisables mirroring.

Port

The logical port for the settings contained in the same row.

Mode

Select mirror mode.
Rx only: Frames received on this port are mirrored on the mirror port. Framestransmitted are not mirrored.
Tx only: Frames transmitted on this port are mirrored on the mirror port. Frames
received are not mirrored.
Disabled: Neither frames transmitted nor frames received are mirrored.
Enabled: Frames received and frames transmitted are mirrored on the mirror port.
Note: For a given port, a frame is only transmitted once. It is therefore not possible-139-to mirror mirror port Tx frames. Because of this, mode for the selected mirror port islimited to Disabled or Rx only.
Save

Click to save the changes.

Reset

Click to undo any changes made locally and revert to previously saved values.

2.18 UPnP

Configuration

Description

Mode

Indicates the UPnP operation mode. Possible modes are:Enabled: Enable UPnP mode operation.
Disabled: Disable UPnP mode operation.
When the mode is enabled, two ACEs are added automatically to trap UPnP related
packets to CPU. The ACEs are automatically removed when the mode is disabled.

TTL

The TTL value is used by UPnP to send SSDP advertisement messages. Valid values
are in the range 1 to 255.

Advertising Duration

The duration, carried in SSDP packets, is used to inform a control point or control
points how often it or they should receive a SSDP advertisement message from thisswitch. If a control point does not receive any message within the duration, it will
think that the switch no longer exists. Due to the unreliable nature of UDP, in thestandard it is recommended that such refreshing of advertisements to be done at lessthan one-half of the advertising duration. In the implementation, the switch sends
SSDP messages periodically at the interval one-half of the advertising duration minus
30 seconds. Valid values are in the range

Save

Click to save the changes.

Reset

Click to undo any changes made locally and revert to previously saved values.

-140-2.19 sFlow

Receiver Configuration Description
Owner

Basically, sFlow can be configured in two ways: Through local management using
the Web or CLI interface or through SNMP. This read-only field shows the owner ofthe current sFlow configuration and assumes values as follows:• If sFlow is currently unconfigured/unclaimed, Owner contains <none>.
• If sFlow is currently configured through Web or CLI, Owner contains <Configured
through local management>.
• If sFlow is currently configured through SNMP, Owner contains a string identifying
the sFlow receiver.
If sFlow is configured through SNMP, all controls - except for the Release-button are disabled to avoid inadvertent reconfiguration.
The button allows for releasing the current owner and disable sFlow sampling.

ReleaseThe button is disabled if sFlow is currently unclaimed. If configured through SNMP,
the release must be confirmed (a confirmation request will appear).

IP Address/Hostname

The IP address or hostname of the sFlow receiver. Both IPv4 and IPv6 addresses aresupported.
-141-

UDP Port

The UDP port on which the sFlow receiver listens to sFlow datagrams. If set to 0
(zero), the default port (6343) is used.

Timeout

The number of seconds remaining before sampling stops and the current sFlow owneris released. While active, the current time left can be updated with a click on the
Refresh-button. If locally managed, the timeout can be changed on the fly without
affecting any other settings.

Max. Datagram Size

The maximum number of data bytes that can be sent in a single sample datagram.
This should be set to a value that avoids fragmentation of the sFlow datagrams. Valid
range is 200 to 1468 bytes with default being 1400 bytes.

Port Configuration
Port

The port number for which the configuration below applies.

Flow Sampler
EnabledEnables/disables flow sampling on this port.

Sampling Rate

The statistical sampling rate for packet sampling. Set to N to sample on average
1/Nth of the packets transmitted/received on the port.
Not all sampling rates are achievable. If an unsupported sampling rate is requested,
the switch will automatically adjust it to the closest achievable. This will be reported
back in this field.

Max. Header

The maximum number of bytes that should be copied from a sampled packet to thesFlow datagram. Valid range is 14 to 200 bytes with default being 128 bytes.
If the maximum datagram size does not take into account the maximum header size,
samples may be dropped.

Counter Poller
EnabledEnables/disables counter polling on this port.

Interval

With counter polling enabled, this specifies the interval - in seconds - between
counter poller samples.

Save

Click to save the changes.

Reset

Click to undo any changes made locally and revert to previously saved values.

-142-2.20 OPA (Optical Power Alarm) Configuration
OPA function allows to set lower and upper alarm thresholds for the optical power of the fiber ports. The alarmis sent via relay alarm output and SNMP trap. The optical power is monitored once every second. Note that if
no SFP transceiver is installed or no DDM is supported in the SFP transceiver, OPA function is dsiabled
automatically.

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________

Configuration

Description___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
729BU

Port

The fiber optical port number

MinModeenable alarm if power is less than the lower threshold

MinLimit

set lower threshold limit, unit dBm

ManModeenable alarm if power is higher than the upper threshold

ManLimit

set upper threshold limit, unit dBm

730BU

Save

Click to save the changes.

Reset

Click to undo any changes made locally and revert to previously saved values.

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________Note:
The alarm can be via relay alarm output and SNP trap. The alarm via SNMP trap can be disabled. Refer to
Configuration > Security > Switch > SNMP > System page for SNMP Trap Configuration.

-143-

2.21 ALS (Auto Laser Shutdown) Configuration
ALS function is supported for the SFP transceiver and used to automatically shut down the output power of thetransmitter in case of fiber break. ALS is provisioned on both ends of the fiber pair. “Auto” mode is set to turnon transmitter automatically if the broken fiber is believed to have been repaired.
The method is to turn on transmitter at the near end for a test pulse period every interval time. This pulse
causes LOS cleared at the far end if the cable has been repaired. The transmitter is turned on at the far end. At
the same time LOS cleared is also detected at the near end. Transmitters of both ends are turned on and LOS
alarm is cleared.
LOS set for 500ms up is confirmed as an optical loss and indicates a possible cable break. The laser transmitteris turned off immediately. The transmitter is restarted if LOS is cleared for 100ms up.

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Configuration

Description___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
729BU

Port

The fiber optical port number

Mode

ALS mode for the port
Disable – disable ALS function
Manual – restart the transmitter for one test pulse period
Automatic – restart the transmitter for a test pulse period every one interval time

Interval

Set interval time for Automatic mode, unit second

Width

The width of the test pulse, unit second, default 2

RestartCheck to turn transmitter on for one test pulse, used in Manual mode

Save

Click to save the changes.

Reset

Click to undo any changes made locally and revert to previously saved values.

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________-144-

2.22 Alarm e-mailWhen alarm event occurs the notification can be sent over SMTP Email. The configuration is:_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________

Configuration

Description_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________
729BU

SMTP Email Server

Name of the SMTP Email server(Note: TLS encryption is not supported.)

User NameEnter user accountPassword

Enter user password

SenderSender Email address

Mode

Enabled/Disabled alarm e-mail function

Mail Addr 1~5

Email address accounts (Up to 5 accounts)

Save

Click to save the changes.

Reset

Click to undo any changes made locally and revert to previously saved values.

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________-145-

3. Monitor_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________

Icon
1094B

Function___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
729BU

Check this box to refresh the page automatically. Automatic refresh occurs every 3
seconds.
1095B

Updates the system log entries, starting from the current entry ID.
Flushes the selected log entries.
Updates the system log entries, starting from the first available entry ID.
Updates the system log entries, ending at the last entry currently displayed.
Updates the system log entries, starting from the last entry currently displayed.
Updates the system log entries, ending at the last available entry ID.
Selects port number to display the associated status.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________
1094B

-146-

3.1 System

3.1.1 Information

StatusDescription

System Contact

The textual identification of the contact person for this managed node, together withinformation on how to contact this person.

System Name

An administratively assigned name for this managed node.

System Location

The physical location of this node (e.g., telephone closet, 3rd floor)

MAC Address

The MAC Address of this switch.

Chip ID

The Chip ID of this switch.

System Date

The current (GMT) system time and date. The system time is obtained through theTiming server running on the switch, if any.

System Uptime

The period of time the device has been operational.

Chip ID

The Chip ID of this switch.

Software Version

The software version of this switch

Software Date

The date when the switch software was produced.

Acknowledgments

Contribution of some open source code components-147-3.1.2 CPU Load
This page displays the CPU load, using an SVG graph. The load is measured as averaged over the last 100ms,
1sec and 10 seconds intervals. The last 120 samples are graphed, and the last numbers are displayed as text as
well.
In order to display the SVG graph, your browser must support the SVG format. The system needs Adobe SVG
Plugin software to support this page; otherwise a message displayed as:

Normal Display-148-

3.1.3 Log

StatusDescription

System Log
LevelSpecify the level of log entries for display and refresh.

Clear Level

Specify the level of log entries for Clear button.

ID

The ID (>= 1) of the system log entry.

Level

The level of the system log entry. The following level types are supported:
Info: Information level of the system log.
Warning: Warning level of the system log.
Error: Error level of the system log.
All: All levels.

Time

The time of the system log entry.

Message

The message of the system log entry.

-149-

3.1.4 Detailed Log

StatusDescriptionID

The ID (>= 1) of the system log entry.

Message

The detailed message of the system log entry.

3.2 Thermal Protection

StatusDescription

Thermal Protection
Port Status

Shows if the port is thermally protected (link is down) or if the port is operating
normally.

Chip Temperature

Shows the current chip temperature in degrees Celsius-150-3.3 Ports

3.3.1 State

StatusDescription
RJ-45 port disabled
RJ-45 port link down
RJ-45 port link up
SFP port disabled
SFP port link down
SFP port link in 1G full duplex
SFP port link in 100M full duplex-151-

3.3.2 Traffic Overview

StatusDescription

Port

The logical port for the settings contained in the same row.

Packets

The number of received and transmitted packets per port

Bytes

The number of received and transmitted bytes per port

ErrorsThe number of frames received in error and the number of incomplete transmissions
per port.

Drops

The number of frames discarded due to ingress or egress congestion.

Filtered

The number of received frames filtered by the forwarding process

3.3.3 QoS Statistics

StatusDescription

Port

The logical port for the settings contained in the same row.

Qn

There are 8 QoS queues per port. Q0 is the lowest priority queue.

Rx/Tx

The number of received and transmitted packets per queue-152-

3.3.4 QCL Status

StatusDescription

User

Indicates the QCL user.

QCE#

Indicates the index of QCE.

Frame Type

Indicates the type of frame to look for incoming frames. Possible frame types are:Any: The QCE will match all frame type.
Ethernet: Only Ethernet frames (with Ether Type 0x600-0xFFFF) are allowed.
LLC: Only (LLC) frames are allowed.
SNAP: Only (SNAP) frames are allowed.
IPv4: The QCE will match only IPV4 frames.
IPv6: The QCE will match only IPV6 frames.

Port

Indicates the list of ports configured with the QCE.

ActionIndicates the classification action taken on ingress frame if parameters configured arematched with the frame's content.
There are three action fields: Class, DPL and DSCP.
Class: Classified QoS class; if a frame matches the QCE it will be put in the queue.
DPL: Drop Precedence Level; if a frame matches the QCE then DP level will set tovalue displayed under DPL column.
DSCP: If a frame matches the QCE then DSCP will be classified with the value
displayed under DSCP column.

Conflict

Displays Conflict status of QCL entries. As H/W resources are shared by multiple
applications. It may happen that resources required to add a QCE may not be
available, in that case it shows conflict status as 'Yes', otherwise it is always 'No'.
Please note that conflict can be resolved by releasing the H/W resources required to
add QCL entry on pressing 'Resolve Conflict' button.
Click to release the resources required to add QCL entry, in case the conflict status
for any QCL entry is 'yes'.

-153-

3.3.5 Detailed Statistics

StatusDescription

Receive Total and Transmit Total
Rx and Tx Packets

The number of received and transmitted (good and bad) packets.

Rx and Tx Octets

The number of received and transmitted (good and bad) bytes. Includes FCS, but excludes
framing bits.

Rx and Tx Unicast

The number of received and transmitted (good and bad) unicast packets.

Rx and Tx Multicast

The number of received and transmitted (good and bad) multicast packets.

Rx and Tx Broadcast

The number of received and transmitted (good and bad) broadcast packets.

Rx and Tx Pause

A count of the MAC Control frames received or transmitted on this port that have an opcode
indicating a PAUSE operation.

Receive and Transmit Size Counters
Rx and Tx xxxx Bytes

The number of received and transmitted (good and bad) packets split into categories
based on their respective frame sizes.

Receive and Transmit Queue Counters
Rx and Tx Qn

The number of received and transmitted packets per input and output queue

Receive Error Counters
Rx Drops

The number of frames dropped due to lack of receive buffers or egress congestion.

Rx CRC/Alignment

The number of frames received with CRC or alignment errors.
-154-

Rx Undersize

The number of short 1 frames received with valid CRC.

Rx Oversize

The number of long 2 frames received with valid CRC.

Rx Fragments

The number of short 1 frames received with invalid CRC.

Rx Jabber

The number of long 2 frames received with invalid CRC.

Rx Filtered

The number of received frames filtered by the forwarding process.
1 Short frames are frames that are smaller than 64 bytes.
2 Long frames are frames that are longer than the configured maximum frame length
for this port.

Transmit Error Counters
Tx Drops

The number of frames dropped due to output buffer congestion.

Tx Late/Exc. Coll.

The number of frames dropped due to excessive or late collisions.

-155-

3.4 Security

3.4.1 Access Management Statistics

StatusDescription

Interface

The interface type through which the remote host can access the switch.

Received Packets

Number of received packets from the interface when access management mode isenabledAllowed Packets

Number of allowed packets from the interface when access management mode isenabledDiscarded Packets

Number of discarded packets from the interface when access management mode isenabled3.4.2 Network

3.4.2.1 Port Security-156-

3.4.2.1.1 Switch

StatusDescription

User Module Name

The full name of a module that may request Port Security services.

Abbr

A one-letter abbreviation of the user moduleThis is used in the Users column in the port status table.

Port Status

The table has one row for each port on the selected switch in the stack and a numberof columns, which are:Port

The port number for which the status applies.
Click the port number to see the status for this particular port.

Users

Each of the user modules has a column that shows whether that module has enabled
Port Security or not. A '-' means that the corresponding user module is not enabled,
whereas a letter indicates that the user module abbreviated by that letter (see Abbr)has enabled port security.

State

Shows the current state of the port. It can take one of four values:
Disabled: No user modules are currently using the Port Security service.
Ready: The Port Security service is in use by at least one user module, and is awaiting
frames from unknown MAC addresses to arrive.
Limit Reached: The Port Security service is enabled by at least the Limit Control user
module, and that module has indicated that the limit is reached and no more MAC
addresses should be taken in.
Shutdown: The Port Security service is enabled by at least the Limit Control user
module, and that module has indicated that the limit is exceeded. No MAC addresses-157-

can be learned on the port until it is administratively re-opened on the Limit Control
configuration Web-page.
MAC Count (Current, Limit)
The two columns indicate the number of currently learned MAC addresses(forwarding as well as blocked) and the maximum number of MAC addresses thatcan be learned on the port, respectively.
If no user modules are enabled on the port, the Current column will show a dash (-).
If the Limit Control user module is not enabled on the port, the Limit column willshow a dash (-).

3.4.2.1.2 Port

StatusDescription

MAC Address & VLAN ID
The MAC address and VLAN ID that is seen on this port. If no MAC addresses arelearned, a single row stating "No MAC addresses attached" is displayed.
State

Indicates whether the corresponding MAC address is blocked or forwarding. In theblocked state, it will not be allowed to transmit or receive traffic.

Time of Addition

Shows the date and time when this MAC address was first seen on the port

Age/HoldIf at least one user module has decided to block this MAC address, it will stay in theblocked state until the hold time (measured in seconds) expires. If all user modules
have decided to allow this MAC address to forward, and aging is enabled, the Port
Security module will periodically check that this MAC address still forwards traffic.
If the age period (measured in seconds) expires and no frames have been seen, theMAC address will be removed from the MAC table. Otherwise a new age period will
begin.
If aging is disabled or a user module has decided to hold the MAC address
indefinitely, a dash (-) will be shown.

3.4.2.2 NAS-158-

3.4.2.2.1 Switch

StatusDescription

Port

The switch port number. Click to navigate to detailed NAS statistics for this port.

Admin State

The port's current administrative state.
Refer to NAS Admin State for a description of possible values.

Port StateThe current state of the port. Refer to NAS Port State for a description of theindividual states.

Last Source

The source MAC address carried in the most recently received EAPOL frame for
EAPOL-based authentication, and the most recently received frame from a new clientfor MAC-based authentication.

Last ID

The user name (supplicant identity) carried in the most recently received Response
Identity EAPOL frame for EAPOL-based authentication, and the source MAC
address from the most recently received frame from a new client for MAC-based
authentication.

QoS Class

QoS Class assigned to the port by the RADIUS server if enabled.

Port VLAN ID

The VLAN ID that NAS has put the port in. The field is blank, if the Port VLAN ID
is not overridden by NAS.
If the VLAN ID is assigned by the RADIUS server, "(RADIUS-assigned)" isappended to the VLAN ID. Read more about RADIUS-assigned VLANs here.
If the port is moved to the Guest VLAN, "(Guest)" is appended to the VLAN ID.
Read more about Guest VLANs here.

-159-

3.4.2.2.2 Port

StatusDescription

Admin State

The port's current administrative state. Refer to NAS Admin State for a description of
possible values.

Port StateThe current state of the port. Refer to NAS Port State for a description of theindividual states.

QoS Class

The QoS class assigned by the RADIUS server. The field is blank if no QoS class is
assigned.

Port VLAN ID

The VLAN ID that NAS has put the port in. The field is blank, if the Port VLAN ID
is not overridden by NAS.
If the VLAN ID is assigned by the RADIUS server, "(RADIUS-assigned)" isappended to the VLAN ID. Read more about RADIUS-assigned VLANs here.
If the port is moved to the Guest VLAN, "(Guest)" is appended to the VLAN ID.
Read more about Guest VLANs here.

3.4.2.3 ACL Status

StatusDescription

User

Indicates the ACL user.

Ingress Port

Indicates the ingress port of the ACE. Possible values are:
All: The ACE will match all ingress port.
Port: The ACE will match a specific ingress port.

Frame Type

Indicates the frame type of the ACE. Possible values are:Any: The ACE will match any frame type.
EType: The ACE will match Ethernet Type frames. Note that an Ethernet Type based
ACE will not get matched by IP and ARP frames.
ARP: The ACE will match ARP/RARP frames.
IPv4: The ACE will match all IPv4 frames.
-160-

IPv4/ICMP: The ACE will match IPv4 frames with ICMP protocol.
IPv4/UDP: The ACE will match IPv4 frames with UDP protocol.
IPv4/TCP: The ACE will match IPv4 frames with TCP protocol.
IPv4/Other: The ACE will match IPv4 frames, which are not ICMP/UDP/TCP.
IPv6: The ACE will match all IPv6 standard frames.
ActionIndicates the forwarding action of the ACE.
Permit: Frames matching the ACE may be forwarded and learned.
Deny: Frames matching the ACE are dropped.

Rate Limiter

Indicates the rate limiter number of the ACE. The allowed range is 1 to 16. When
Disabled is displayed, the rate limiter operation is disabled.

Port Copy

Indicates the port copy operation of the ACE. Frames matching the ACE are copied
to the port number. The allowed values are Disabled or a specific port number. When
Disabled is displayed, the port copy operation is disabled.

Port Redirect

Indicates the port redirect operation of the ACE. Frames matching the ACE are
redirected to the port number. The allowed values are Disabled or a specific port
number. When Disabled is displayed, the port redirect operation is disabled.

Port Redirect

Indicates the port redirect operation of the ACE. Frames matching the ACE are
redirected to the port number. The allowed values are Disabled or a specific port
number. When Disabled is displayed, the port redirect operation is disabled.

Port Redirect

Indicates the port redirect operation of the ACE. Frames matching the ACE are
redirected to the port number. The allowed values are Disabled or a specific port
number. When Disabled is displayed, the port redirect operation is disabled.

MirrorSpecify the mirror operation of this port. The allowed values are:Enabled: Frames received on the port are mirrored.
Disabled: Frames received on the port are not mirrored.
The default value is "Disabled".

CPU

Forward packet that matched the specific ACE to CPU

CPU Once

Forward first packet that matched the specific ACE to CPU

Counter

The counter indicates the number of times the ACE was hit by a frame.

Conflict

Indicates the hardware status of the specific ACE. The specific ACE is not applied tothe hardware due to hardware limitations.

-161-

3.4.2.4 DHCP

3.4.2.4.1 Snooping Statistics

StatusDescription

Receive and Transmit Packets
Rx and Tx Discover

The number of discover (option 53 with value 1) packets received and transmitted.

Rx and Tx Offer

The number of offer (option 53 with value 2) packets received and transmitted.

Rx and Tx Request

The number of request (option 53 with value 3) packets received and transmitted.

Rx and Tx Decline

The number of decline (option 53 with value 4) packets received and transmitted.

Rx and Tx ACKThe number of ACK (option 53 with value 5) packets received and transmitted.

Rx and Tx NAK

The number of NAK (option 53 with value 6) packets received and transmitted.

Rx and Tx Release

The number of release (option 53 with value 7) packets received and transmitted.

Rx and Tx Inform

The number of inform (option 53 with value 8) packets received and transmitted.

Rx and Tx Lease Query The number of lease query (option 53 with value 10) packets received andtransmitted.
Rx and Tx Lease Unassigned
The number of lease unassigned (option 53 with value 11) packets received andtransmitted.
Rx and Tx Lease Unknown The number of lease unknown (option 53 with value 12) packets received andtransmitted.
Rx and Tx Lease Active The number of lease active (option 53 with value 13) packets received andtransmitted-162-

3.4.2.4.2 Relay

StatusDescription

Server Statistics
Transmit to Server

The number of packets that are relayed from client to server.

Transmit Error

The number of packets that resulted in errors while being sent to clients.

Receive from Server

The number of packets received from server.

Receive Missing Agent Option
The number of packets received without agent information options.
Receive Missing Circuit ID
The number of packets received with the Circuit ID option missing.
Receive Missing Remote ID
The number of packets received with the Remote ID option missing.
Receive Bad Circuit ID The number of packets whose Circuit ID option did not match known circuit ID.
Receive Bad Remote ID The number of packets whose Remote ID option did not match known Remote ID.
Client Statistics
Transmit to Client

The number of relayed packets from server to client.

Transmit Error

The number of packets that resulted in error while being sent to servers.

Receive from Client

The number of received packets from server.

Receive Agent Option

The number of received packets with relay agent information option.

Replace Agent Option

The number of packets which were replaced with relay agent information option.

Keep Agent Option

The number of packets whose relay agent information was retained.

Drop Agent Option

The number of packets that were dropped which were received with relay agent
information.

-163-

3.4.2.5 ARP Inspection

The Dynamic ARP Inspection Table contains up to 1024 entries, and is sorted first by port, then by VLAN ID,
then by MAC address, and then by IP address.
The "Start from port address", "VLAN", "MAC address" and "IP address" input fields allow the user to selectthe starting point in the Dynamic ARP Inspection Table.
StatusDescription

Port

Switch Port Number for which the entries are displayed.

VLAN ID

VLAN-ID in which the ARP traffic is permitted

MAC Address

User MAC address of the entry.

IP Address

User IP address of the entry.

3.4.2.6 IP Source Guard

The Dynamic IP Source Guard Table is sorted first by port, then by VLAN ID, then by IP address, and then by
MAC address.
The "Start from port address", "VLAN" and "IP address" input fields allow the user to select the starting pointin the Dynamic IP Source Guard Table.
StatusDescription

Port

Switch Port Number for which the entries are displayed.

VLAN ID

VLAN-ID in which the IP traffic is permitted

IP Address

User IP address of the entry.

MAC Address

Source MAC address.

-164-3.4.3 AAA

3.4.3.1 RADIUS Overview

StatusDescription

RADIUS Authentication Servers#

The RADIUS server number
Click to navigate to detailed statistics for this server.

IP Address

The IP address and UDP port number (in <IP Address>:<UDP Port> notation) of thisserver.

Status

The current status of the serverThis field takes one of the following values:
Disabled: The server is disabled.
Not Ready: The server is enabled, but IP communication is not yet up and running.
Ready: The server is enabled, IP communication is up and running, and the RADIUS
module is ready to accept access attempts.
Dead (X seconds left): Access attempts were made to this server, but it did not reply
within the configured timeout. The server has temporarily been disabled, but will get
re-enabled when the dead-time expires. The number of seconds left before this occurs
is displayed in parentheses. This state is only reachable when more than one server isenabled.

RADIUS Accounting Servers#

The RADIUS server number-165-

Click to navigate to detailed statistics for this server.
IP Address

The IP address and UDP port number (in <IP Address>:<UDP Port> notation) of thisserver.

Status

The current status of the serverThis field takes one of the following values:
Disabled: The server is disabled.
Not Ready: The server is enabled, but IP communication is not yet up and running.
Ready: The server is enabled, IP communication is up and running, and the RADIUS
module is ready to accept accounting attempts.
Dead (X seconds left): Accounting attempts were made to this server, but it did not
reply within the configured timeout. The server has temporarily been disabled, butwill get re-enabled when the dead-time expires. The number of seconds left before
this occurs is displayed in parentheses. This state is only reachable when more than
one server is enabled.

3.4.3.2 RADIUS Details

Selects a RADIUS server to display.
-166-

Authentication Server Description
Server #Select a RADIUS server number.

Rx Access Accepts

RFC4670 name: radiusAuthClientExtAccessAccepts
The number of RADIUS Access-Accept packets (valid or invalid) received from theserver.

Rx Access Rejects

RFC4670 name: radiusAuthClientExtAccessRejects
The number of RADIUS Access-Reject packets (valid or invalid) received from theserver.

Rx Access Challenges

RFC4670 name: radiusAuthClientExtAccessChallenges
The number of RADIUS Access-Challenge packets (valid or invalid) received fromthe server.

Rx Malformed Access Responses
RFC4670 name: radiusAuthClientExtMalformedAccessResponses
The number of malformed RADIUS Access-Response packets received from theserver. Malformed packets include packets with an invalid length. Bad authenticators
or Message Authenticator attributes or unknown types are not included as malformed
access responses.
Rx Bad Authenticators

RFC4670 name: radiusAuthClientExtBadAuthenticators
The number of RADIUS Access-Response packets containing invalid authenticators
or Message Authenticator attributes received from the server.

Rx Unknown Types

RFC4670 name: radiusAuthClientExtUnknownTypes
The number of RADIUS packets that were received from the server on theauthentication port and dropped for some other reason.

Rx Packets Dropped

RFC4670 name: radiusAuthClientExtPacketsDropped
The number of RADIUS packets that were received from the server on theauthentication port and dropped for some other reason.

Tx Access Requests

RFC4670 name: radiusAuthClientExtAccessRequests
The number of RADIUS Access-Request packets sent to the server. This does notinclude retransmissions.

Tx Access Retransmissions

RFC4670 name: radiusAuthClientExtAccessRetransmissions

The number of RADIUS Access-Request packets retransmitted to the RADIUS
authentication server.
Tx Pending Requests

RFC4670 name: radiusAuthClientExtPendingRequests
The number of RADIUS Access-Request packets destined for the server that have not
yet timed out or received a response. This variable is incremented when an-167-

Access-Request is sent and decremented due to receipt of an Access-Accept,
Access-Reject, Access-Challenge, timeout, or retransmission.
Tx Timeouts

RFC4670 name: radiusAuthClientExtTimeouts
The number of authentication timeouts to the server. After a timeout, the client may
retry to the same server, send to a different server, or give up. A retry to the same
server is counted as a retransmit as well as a timeout. A send to a different server iscounted as a Request as well as a timeout.

IP Address

The IP address of the selected server

State

Shows the state of the server. It takes one of the following values:
Disabled: The selected server is disabled.
Not Ready: The server is enabled, but IP communication is not yet up and running.
Ready: The server is enabled, IP communication is up and running, and the RADIUS
module is ready to accept access attempts.
Dead (X seconds left): Access attempts were made to this server, but it did not reply
within the configured timeout. The server has temporarily been disabled, but will get
re-enabled when the dead-time expires. The number of seconds left before this occurs
is displayed in parentheses. This state is only reachable when more than one server isenabled.

Round-Trip Time

RFC4670 name: radiusAuthClientExtRoundTripTime
The time interval (measured in milliseconds) is between the most recent
Access-Reply/Access-Challenge and the Access-Request that matched it from the
RADIUS authentication server. The granularity of this measurement is 100 ms. A
value of 0 ms indicates that there hasn't been round-trip communication with theserver yet.

Accounting Server

Description

Rx Responses

RFC4670 name: radiusAccClientExtResponses
The number of RADIUS packets (valid or invalid) received from the server.

Rx Malformed Responses RFC4670 name: radiusAccClientExtMalformedResponses
The number of malformed RADIUS packets received from the server. Malformed
packets include packets with an invalid length. Bad authenticators or or unknown
types are not included as malformed access responses.
Rx Bad Authenticators

RFC4670 name: radiusAcctClientExtBadAuthenticators
The number of RADIUS packets containing invalid authenticators received from theserver.

Rx Unknown Types

RFC4670 name: radiusAccClientExtUnknownTypes
The number of RADIUS packets of unknown types that were received from the-168-

server on the accounting port.
Rx Packets Dropped

RFC4670 name: radiusAccClientExtPacketsDropped
The number of RADIUS packets that were received from the server on theaccounting port and dropped for some other reason.

Tx Requests

RFC4670 name: radiusAccClientExtRequests
The number of RADIUS packets sent to the server. This does not include
retransmissions.

Tx Retransmissions

RFC4670 name: radiusAccClientExtRetransmissions
The number of RADIUS packets retransmitted to the RADIUS accounting server.

Tx Pending Requests

RFC4670 name: radiusAccClientExtPendingRequests
The number of RADIUS packets destined for the server that have not yet timed out or
received a response. This variable is incremented when a Request is sent anddecremented due to receipt of a Response, timeout, or retransmission.

Tx Timeouts

RFC4670 name: radiusAccClientExtTimeouts
The number of accounting timeouts to the server
After a timeout, the client may retry to the same server, send to a different server, or
give up. A retry to the same server is counted as a retransmit as well as a timeout. A
send to a different server is counted as a Request as well as a timeout.

IP Address

The IP address of the selected server

State

Shows the state of the server. It takes one of the following values:
Disabled: The selected server is disabled.
Not Ready: The server is enabled, but IP communication is not yet up and running.
Ready: The server is enabled, IP communication is up and running, and the RADIUS
module is ready to accept accounting attempts.
Dead (X seconds left): Accounting attempts were made to this server, but it did not
reply within the configured timeout. The server has temporarily been disabled, butwill get re-enabled when the dead-time expires. The number of seconds left before
this occurs is displayed in parentheses. This state is only reachable when more than
one server is enabled.

Round-Trip TimeradiusAccClientExtRoundTripTime
The time interval (measured in milliseconds) between the most recent Response andthe Request that matched it from the RADIUS accounting server
The granularity of this measurement is 100 ms. A value of 0 ms indicates that there
hasn't been round-trip communication with the server yet.

-169-

3.4.4 Switch-RMON

3.4.4.1 Statistics

StatusDescription

ID

Indicates the index of Statistics entry.

Data Source(ifIndex)

The port ID which wants to be monitored.

Drop

The total number of events in which packets were dropped by the probe due to lackof resources.

Octets

The total number of octets of data (including those in bad packets) received on the
network.

Pkts

The total number of packets (including bad packets, broadcast packets, and multicast
packets) received.

Broad-cast

The total number of good packets received that were directed to the broadcast
address.

Multi-cast

The total number of good packets received that were directed to a multicast address.

CRC Errors

The total number of packets received that had a length (excluding framing bits, but
including FCS octets) of between 64 and 1518 octets, inclusive, but had either a bad
Frame Check Sequence (FCS) with an integral number of octets (FCS Error) or a bad
FCS with a non-integral number of octets (Alignment Error).

Under-size

The total number of packets received that were less than 64 octets.

Over-size

The total number of packets received that were longer than 1518 octets.

Frag.

The number of frames which size is less than 64 octets received with invalid CRC.

Jabb.

The number of frames which size is larger than 64 octets received with invalid CRC.

Coll.

The best estimate of the total number of collisions on this Ethernet segment.

64

The total number of packets (including bad packets) received that were 64 octets inlength.

65~127

The total number of packets (including bad packets) received that were between 65 to-170-

127 octets in length.
128~255

The total number of packets (including bad packets) received that were between 128
to 255 octets in length.

256~511

The total number of packets (including bad packets) received that were between 256
to 511 octets in length.

512~1023

The total number of packets (including bad packets) received that were between 512
to 1023 octets in length.

1024~1588

The total number of packets (including bad packets) received that were between 1024
to 1588 octets in length.

3.4.4.2 History

StatusDescription

History Index

Indicates the index of History control entry.

Sample Index

Indicates the index of the data entry associated with the control entry.

Sample Start

The value of sysUpTime at the start of the interval over which this sample wasmeasured.

Drop

The total number of events in which packets were dropped by the probe due to lackof resources.

Octets

The total number of octets of data (including those in bad packets) received on the
network.

Pkts

The total number of packets (including bad packets, broadcast packets, and multicast
packets) received.

Broadcast

The total number of good packets received that were directed to the broadcast
address.

Multicast

The total number of good packets received that were directed to a multicast address.

CRCErrors

The total number of packets received that had a length (excluding framing bits, but
including FCS octets) of between 64 and 1518 octets, inclusive, but had either a bad
Frame Check Sequence (FCS) with an integral number of octets (FCS Error) or a bad
FCS with a non-integral number of octets (Alignment Error).

Undersize

The total number of packets received that were less than 64 octets.

Oversize

The total number of packets received that were longer than 1518 octets.

Frag.

The number of frames which size is less than 64 octets received with invalid CRC.
-171-

Jabb.

The number of frames which size is larger than 64 octets received with invalid CRC.

Coll.

The best estimate of the total number of collisions on this Ethernet segment.

Utilization

The best estimate of the mean physical layer network utilization on this interface
during this sampling interval, in hundredths of a percent.

3.4.4.3 Alarm

StatusDescription

ID

Indicates the index of Alarm control entry.

Interval

Indicates the interval in seconds for sampling and comparing the rising and falling
threshold.

Variable

Indicates the particular variable to be sampled

Sample TypeThe method of sampling the selected variable and calculating the value to becompared against the thresholds.

Value

The value of the statistic during the last sampling period.

Startup Alarm

The alarm that may be sent when this entry is first set to valid.

Rising Threshold

Rising threshold value.

Rising Index

Rising event index.

Falling Threshold

Falling threshold value.

Falling Index

Falling event index.

3.4.4.4 Event

StatusDescription

Event Index

Indicates the index of the event entry.
-172-

Log Index

Indicates the index of the log entry.

LogTImeIndicates Event log time

LogDescription

Indicates the Event description.

-173-

3.5 LACP

3.5.1 System Status

StatusDescription

Aggr ID

The Aggregation ID associated with this aggregation instance. For LLAG the id isshown as 'isid:aggr-id' and for GLAGs as 'aggr-id'

Partner System ID

The system ID (MAC address) of the aggregation partner.

Partner Key

The Key that the partner has assigned to this aggregation ID.

Last changed

The time since this aggregation changed.

Local Ports

Shows which ports are a part of this aggregation for this switch. The format is:"Switch ID:Port".

3.5.2 Port Status

StatusDescription

Port

The switch port number.

LACP'Yes' means that LACP is enabled and the port link is up. 'No' means that LACP is
not enabled or that the port link is down. 'Backup' means that the port could not join
the aggregation group but will join if other port leaves. Meanwhile it's LACP status isdisabled.

Key

The key assigned to this port. Only ports with the same key can aggregate together.
-174-

Aggr ID

The Aggregation ID assigned to this aggregation group. IDs 1 and 2 are GLAGs
while IDs 3-14 are LLAGs.

Partner System ID

The partner's System ID (MAC address).

Partner Port

The partner's port number connected to this port.

Partner Prio

The partner's port priority.

3.5.3 Port Statistics

StatusDescription

Port

The switch port number.

LACP Received

Shows how many LACP frames have been received at each port.

LACP Transmitted

Shows how many LACP frames have been sent from each port.

Discarded

Shows how many unknown or illegal LACP frames have been discarded at each port.

-175-

3.6 Loop Protection

StatusDescription

Port

The switch port number of the logical port.

ActionThe currently configured port action.

Transmit

The currently configured port transmit mode.

Loops

The number of loops detected on this port.

Status

The current loop protection status of the port.

Loop

Whether a loop is currently detected on the port.

Time of Last Loop

The time of the last loop event detected.

-176-

3.7 Spanning Tree

3.7.1 Bridge Status

StatusDescription

MSTI

The Bridge Instance. This is also a link to the STP Detailed Bridge Status.

Bridge ID

The Bridge ID of this Bridge instance.

Root ID

The Bridge ID of the currently elected root bridge.

Root PortThe switch port currently assigned the root port role.

Root Cost

Root Path Cost. For the Root Bridge it is zero. For all other Bridges, it is the sum of
the Port Path Costs on the least cost path to the Root Bridge.

Topology Flag

The current state of the Topology Change Flag of this Bridge instance.

Topology Change Last

The time since last Topology Change occurred.

3.7.2 Port Status

StatusDescription

Port

The switch port number of the logical STP port.

CIST RoleThe current STP port role of the CIST port. The port role can be one of the following
values: AlternatePort, BackupPort, RootPort, DesignatedPort, Disabled.

CIST StateThe current STP port state of the CIST port. The port state can be one of thefollowing values: Discarding, Learning, Forwarding.

Uptime

The time since the bridge port was last initialized.
-177-

3.7.3 Port Statistics

StatusDescription

Port

The switch port number of the logical STP port.

MSTP

The number of MSTP BPDU's received/transmitted on the port.

RSTP

The number of RSTP BPDU's received/transmitted on the port.

STP

The number of legacy STP Configuration BPDU's received/transmitted on the port.

TCN

The number of (legacy) Topology Change Notification BPDU's received/transmitted
on the port.

Discarded Unknown

The number of unknown Spanning Tree BPDU's received (and discarded) on the
port.

Discarded Illegal

The number of illegal Spanning Tree BPDU's received (and discarded) on the port.

-178-

3.8 MVR

3.8.1 Statistics

StatusDescription

VLAN ID

The Multicast VLAN ID.

IGMP/MLD Queries Received
The number of Received Queries for IGMP and MLD, respectively.
IGMP/MLD Queries Transmitted
The number of Transmitted Queries for IGMP and MLD, respectively.
IGMPv1 Joins Received

The number of Received IGMPv1 Join's.

IGMPv2/MLDv1 Report's Received
The number of Received IGMPv2 Join's and MLDv1 Report's, respectively.
IGMPv3/MLDv2 Report's Received
The number of Received IGMPv1 Join's and MLDv2 Report's, respectively.
IGMPv2/MLDv1 Leave's Received
The number of Received IGMPv2 Leave's and MLDv1 Done's, respectively.

3.8.2 MVR Channel Groups

StatusDescription

VLAN ID

VLAN ID of the group.

GroupsGroup ID of the group displayed.

Port Members

Ports under this group.

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3.8.3 MVR SFM Information

StatusDescription

VLAN ID

VLAN ID of the group.

Group

Group address of the group displayed.

Port

Switch port number.

Mode

Indicates the filtering mode maintained per (VLAN ID, port number, Group Address)
basis. It can be either Include or Exclude.

Source Address

IP Address of the source. Currently, system limits the total number of IP source
addresses for filtering to be 128. When there is no any source filtering address, thetext "None" is shown in the Source Address field.

Type

Indicates the Type. It can be either Allow or Deny.

Hardware Filter/Switch Indicates whether data plane destined to the specific group address from the source
IPv4/IPv6 address could be handled by chip or not.

-180-

3.9 IPMC

3.9.1 IGMP Snooping

3.9.1.1 Status

StatusDescription

VLAN ID

The VLAN ID of the entry.

Querier Version

Working Querier Version currently.

Host Version

Working Host Version currently.

Querier Status

Shows the Querier status is "ACTIVE" or "IDLE".
"DISABLE" denotes the specific interface is administratively disabled.

Queries Transmitted

The number of Transmitted Queries.

Queries Received

The number of Received Queries.

V1 Reports Received

The number of Received V1 Reports.

V2 Reports Received

The number of Received V2 Reports.

V3 Reports Received

The number of Received V3 Reports.

V2 Leaves Received

The number of Received V2 Leaves.

Router Port

Display which ports act as router ports. A router port is a port on the Ethernet switchthat leads towards the Layer 3 multicast device or IGMP querier.
Static denotes the specific port is configured to be a router port.
Dynamic denotes the specific port is learnt to be a router port.
-181-

Both denote the specific port is configured or learnt to be a router port.
Port

Switch port number.

StatusIndicate whether specific port is a router port or not.

3.9.1.2 Groups Information

StatusDescription

VLAN ID

VLAN ID of the group.

GroupsGroup address of the group displayed.

Port Members

Ports under this group.

3.9.1.3 IPv4 SFM Information

StatusDescription

VLAN ID

VLAN ID of the group.

Group

Group address of the group displayed.

Port

Switch port number.

Mode

Indicates the filtering mode maintained per (VLAN ID, port number, Group Address)
basis. It can be either Include or Exclude.

Source Address

IP Address of the source. Currently, system limits the total number of IP source
addresses for filtering to be 128.

Type

Indicates the Type. It can be either Allow or Deny.

Hardware Filter/Switch Indicates whether data plane destined to the specific group address from the source
IPv4 address could be handled by chip or not.

-182-

3.9.2 MLD Snooping

3.9.2.1 Status

StatusDescription

VLAN ID

The VLAN ID of the entry.

Querier Version

Working Querier Version currently.

Host Version

Working Host Version currently.

Querier Status

Shows the Querier status is ACTIVE or IDLE.
"DISABLE" denotes the specific interface is administratively disabled.

Queries Transmitted

The number of Transmitted Queries.

Queries Received

The number of Received Queries.

V1 Reports Received

The number of Received V1 Reports.

V2 Reports Received

The number of Received V2 Reports.

V1 Leaves Received

The number of Received V1 Leaves.

Router Port

Display which ports act as router ports. A router port is a port on the Ethernet switchthat leads towards the Layer 3 multicast device or IGMP querier.
Static denotes the specific port is configured to be a router port.
Dynamic denotes the specific port is learnt to be a router port.
Both denote the specific port is configured or learnt to be a router port.

Port

Switch port number.

StatusIndicate whether specific port is a router port or not.

-183-

3.9.2.2 Groups Information

StatusDescription

VLAN ID

VLAN ID of the group.

GroupsGroup address of the group displayed.

Port Members

Ports under this group.

3.9.2.3 IPv6 SFM Information

StatusDescription

VLAN ID

VLAN ID of the group.

Group

Group address of the group displayed.

Port

Switch port number.

Mode

Indicates the filtering mode maintained per (VLAN ID, port number, Group Address)
basis. It can be either Include or Exclude.

Source Address

IP Address of the source. Currently, system limits the total number of IP source
addresses for filtering to be 128.

Type

Indicates the Type. It can be either Allow or Deny.

Hardware Filter/Switch Indicates whether data plane destined to the specific group address from the source
IPv6 address could be handled by chip or not.

-184-

3.10 LLDP

3.10.1 Neighbours

StatusDescription

Local Port

The port on which the LLDP frame was received.

Chassis ID

The Chassis ID is the identification of the neighbor's LLDP frames.

Port ID

The Port ID is the identification of the neighbor port.

Port Description

Port Description is the port description advertised by the neighbor unit.

System Name

System Name is the name advertised by the neighbor unit.

System Capabilities

System Capabilities describes the neighbor unit's capabilities. The possible
capabilities are:
1. Other
2. Repeater
3. Bridge
4. WLAN Access Point
5. Router
6. Telephone
7. DOCSIS cable device
8. Station only
9. Reserved
When a capability is enabled, the capability is followed by (+). If the capability isdisabled, the capability is followed by (-).

Management Address

Management Address is the neighbor unit's address that is used for higher layer
entities to assist discovery by the network management. This could for instance holdthe neighbor's IP address.

-185-3.10.2 LLDP-MED Neighbours

StatusDescription

Port

The port on which the LLDP frame was received.

Device Type

LLDP-MED Devices are comprised of two primary Device Types: Network
Connectivity Devices and Endpoint Devices.
LLDP-MED Network Connectivity Device Definition
LLDP-MED Network Connectivity Devices, as defined in TIA-1057, provide accessto the IEEE 802 based LAN infrastructure for LLDP-MED Endpoint Devices. An
LLDP-MED Network Connectivity Device is a LAN access device based on any of
the following technologies:
1. LAN Switch/Router
2. IEEE 802.1 Bridge
3. IEEE 802.3 Repeater (included for historical reasons)
4. IEEE 802.11 Wireless Access Point
5. Any device that supports the IEEE 802.1AB and MED extensions defined by
TIA-1057 and can relay IEEE 802 frames via any method.
LLDP-MED Endpoint Device Definition
LLDP-MED Endpoint Devices, as defined in TIA-1057, are located at the IEEE 802
LAN network edge, and participate in IP communication service using the
LLDP-MED framework.
Within the LLDP-MED Endpoint Device category, the LLDP-MED scheme isbroken into further Endpoint Device Classes, as defined in the following.
Each LLDP-MED Endpoint Device Class is defined to build upon the capabilities
defined for the previous Endpoint Device Class. For-example will any LLDP-MED
Endpoint Device claiming compliance as a Media Endpoint (Class II) also support all
aspects of TIA-1057 applicable to Generic Endpoints (Class I), and any LLDP-MED
Endpoint Device claiming compliance as a Communication Device (Class III) will
also support all aspects of TIA-1057 applicable to both Media Endpoints (Class II)
and Generic Endpoints (Class I).
LLDP-MED Generic Endpoint (Class I)
The LLDP-MED Generic Endpoint (Class I) definition is applicable to all endpoint
products that require the base LLDP discovery services defined in TIA-1057,-186-

however do not support IP media or act as an end-user communication appliance.
Such devices may include (but are not limited to) IP Communication Controllers,
other communication related servers, or any device requiring basic services as
defined in TIA-1057.
Discovery services defined in this class include LAN configuration, device location,
network policy, power management, and inventory management.
LLDP-MED Media Endpoint (Class II)
The LLDP-MED Media Endpoint (Class II) definition is applicable to all endpoint
products that have IP media capabilities however may or may not be associated witha particular end user. Capabilities include all of the capabilities defined for theprevious Generic Endpoint Class (Class I), and are extended to include aspects
related to media streaming. Example product categories expected to adhere to thisclass include (but are not limited to) Voice / Media Gateways, Conference Bridges,
Media Servers, and similar.
Discovery services defined in this class include media-type-specific network layer
policy discovery.
LLDP-MED Communication Endpoint (Class III)The LLDP-MED Communication Endpoint (Class III) definition is applicable to all
endpoint products that act as end user communication appliances supporting IP media.
Capabilities include all of the capabilities defined for the previous Generic Endpoint(Class I) and Media Endpoint (Class II) classes, and are extended to include aspects
related to end user devices. Example product categories expected to adhere to thisclass include (but are not limited to) end user communication appliances, such as IP
Phones, PC-based softphones, or other communication appliances that directly
support the end user.
Discovery services defined in this class include provision of location identifier(including ECS / E911 information), embedded L2 switch support, inventory
management.
LLDP-MED Capabilities
LLDP-MED Capabilities describes the neighbour unit's LLDP-MED capabilities. The
possible capabilities are:
1. LLDP-MED capabilities
2. Network Policy
3. Location Identification
4. Extended Power via MDI - PSE
5. Extended Power via MDI - PD
6. Inventory-187-

7. Reserved
Application Type

Application Type indicating the primary function of the application(s) defined for thisnetwork policy, advertised by an Endpoint or Network Connectivity Device. The
possible application types are shown below.
1. Voice - for use by dedicated IP Telephony handsets and other similar appliances
supporting interactive voice services. These devices are typically deployed on a
separate VLAN for ease of deployment and enhanced security by isolation from dataapplications.
2. Voice Signaling - for use in network topologies that require a different policy forthe voice signaling than for the voice media.
3. Guest Voice - to support a separate limited feature-set voice service for guest users
and visitors with their own IP Telephony handsets and other similar appliances
supporting interactive voice services.
4. Guest Voice Signaling - for use in network topologies that require a different
policy for the guest voice signaling than for the guest voice media.
5. Softphone Voice - for use by softphone applications on typical data centric devices,such as PCs or laptops.
6. Video Conferencing - for use by dedicated Video Conferencing equipment andother similar appliances supporting real-time interactive video/audio services.
7. Streaming Video - for use by broadcast or multicast based video content
distribution and other similar applications supporting streaming video services that
require specific network policy treatment. Video applications relying on TCP withbuffering would not be an intended use of this application type.
8. Video Signaling - for use in network topologies that require a separate policy forthe video signaling than for the video media.

PolicyPolicy indicates that an Endpoint Device wants to explicitly advertise that the policy
is required by the device. Can be either Defined or Unknown
Unknown: The network policy for the specified application type is currently
unknown.
Defined: The network policy is defined.

TAG

TAG is indicative of whether the specified application type is using a tagged or an
untagged VLAN. Can be Tagged or Untagged.
Untagged: The device is using an untagged frame format and as such does notinclude a tag header as defined by IEEE 802.1Q-2003.
Tagged: The device is using the IEEE 802.1Q tagged frame format.

VLAN ID

VLAN ID is the VLAN identifier (VID) for the port as defined in IEEE 802.1Q-2003.
A value of 1 through 4094 is used to define a valid VLAN ID. A value of 0 (Priority-188-

Tagged) is used if the device is using priority tagged frames as defined by IEEE
802.1Q-2003, meaning that only the IEEE 802.1D priority level is significant and thedefault PVID of the ingress port is used instead.
Priority

Priority is the Layer 2 priority to be used for the specified application type. One of
the eight priority levels (0 through 7).

DSCP

DSCP is the DSCP value to be used to provide Diffserv node behavior for the
specified application type as defined in IETF RFC 2474. Contain one of 64 code
point values (0 through 63).

Auto-negotiation

Auto-negotiation identifies if MAC/PHY auto-negotiation is supported by the link
partner.

Auto-negotiation status Auto-negotiation status identifies if auto-negotiation is currently enabled at the link
partner. If Auto-negotiation is supported and Auto-negotiation status is disabled, the802.3 PMD operating mode will be determined the operational MAU type field value
rather than by auto-negotiation.
Auto-negotiation Capabilities
Auto-negotiation Capabilities shows the link partners MAC/PHY capabilities.

3.10.3 EEE

StatusDescription

Local Port

The port on which LLDP frames are received or transmitted.

Tx Tw

The link partner's maximum time that transmit path can hold-off sending data after
de-assertion of LPI.

Rx Tw

The link partner's time that receiver would like the transmitter to hold-off to allow
time for the receiver to wake from sleep.

Fallback Receive Tw

The link partner's fallback receive Tw.
A receiving link partner may inform the transmitter of an alternate desired Tw_sys_tx.
Since a receiving link partner is likely to have discrete levels for savings, thisprovides the transmitter with additional information that it may use for a more
efficient allocation. Systems that do not implement this option default the value to be
the same as that of the Receive Tw_sys_tx.

Echo Tx Tw

The link partner's Echo Tx Tw value.
The respective echo values shall be defined as the local link partners reflection (echo)of the remote link partners respective values. When a local link partner receives its-189-echoed values from the remote link partner it can determine whether or not the
remote link partner has received, registered and processed its most recent values. For
example, if the local link partner receives echoed parameters that do not match thevalues in its local MIB, then the local link partner infers that the remote link partners
request was based on stale information.
Echo Rx Tw

The link partner's Echo Rx Tw value.

Resolved Tx Tw

The resolved Tx Tw for this link. Note : NOT the link partner
The resolved value that is the actual "tx wakeup time " used for this link (based on
EEE information exchanged via LLDP).

Resolved Rx Tw

The resolved Rx Tw for this link. Note : NOT the link partner
The resolved value that is the actual "tx wakeup time " used for this link (based on
EEE information exchanged via LLDP).

EEE in Sync

Shows whether the switch and the link partner have agreed on wake times.
Red - Switch and link partner have not agreed on wakeup times.
Green - Switch and link partner have agreed on wakeup times.

3.10.4 Port Statistics

StatusDescription

Global Counters
Neighbour entries were last changed
Shows the time when the last entry was last deleted or added. It also shows the time
elapsed since the last change was detected.
Total Neighbours Entries Added
Shows the number of new entries added since switch reboot.
Total Neighbours Entries Deleted
Shows the number of new entries deleted since switch reboot.
-190-

Total Neighbours Entries Dropped
Shows the number of LLDP frames dropped due to the entry table being full.
Total Neighbours Entries Aged Out
Shows the number of entries deleted due to Time-To-Live expiring.
Local Counters

The displayed table contains a row for each port. The columns hold the following
information:

Local Port

The port on which LLDP frames are received or transmitted.

Tx Frames

The number of LLDP frames transmitted on the port.

Rx Frames

The number of LLDP frames received on the port.

Rx Errors

The number of received LLDP frames containing some kind of error.

Frames Discarded

If an LLDP frame is received on a port, and the switch's internal table has run full,the LLDP frame is counted and discarded. This situation is known as "Too Many
Neighbours" in the LLDP standard. LLDP frames require a new entry in the table
when the Chassis ID or Remote Port ID is not already contained within the table.
Entries are removed from the table when a given port's link is down, an LLDP
shutdown frame is received, or when the entry ages out.

TLVs Discarded

Each LLDP frame can contain multiple pieces of information, known as TLVs (TLV
is short for "Type Length Value"). If a TLV is malformed, it is counted anddiscarded.

TLVs Unrecognized

The number of well-formed TLVs, but with an unknown type value.

Org. Discarded

The number of organizationally received TLVs.

Age-Outs

Each LLDP frame contains information about how long time the LLDP information
is valid (age-out time). If no new LLDP frame is received within the age out time, the
LLDP information is removed, and the Age-Out counter is incremented.

-191-3.11 MAC Table

StatusDescription

Type

Indicates whether the entry is a static or a dynamic entry.

MAC address

The MAC address of the entry.

VLAN

The VLAN ID of the entry.

Port Members

The ports that are members of the entry.

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3.12 VLANs

3.12.1 VLAN Membership

StatusDescription

VLAN USERVLAN User module uses services of the VLAN management functionality toconfigure VLAN memberships and VLAN port configurations such as PVID and
UVID. Currently we support the following VLAN user types:
Statis: These is referred to CLI/Web/SNMP.
NAS: NAS provides port-based authentication, which involves communications
between a Supplicant, Authenticator, and an Authentication Server.
Voice VLAN: Voice VLAN is a VLAN configured specially for voice traffic typicallyoriginating from IP phones.
MVR: MVR is used to eliminate the need to duplicate multicast traffic for subscribers
in each VLAN. Multicast traffic for all channels is sent only on a single (multicast)
VLAN.
MSTP: The 802.1s Multiple Spanning Tree protocol (MSTP) uses VLANs to create
multiple spanning trees in a network, which significantly improves network resource
utilization while maintaining a loop-free environment.
Combined: List all types.

VLAN ID

Indicates the ID of this particular VLAN.

Port Members

A row of check boxes for each port is displayed for each VLAN ID.
If a port is included in a VLAN, an image

will be displayed.

If a port is included in a Forbidden port list, an image

will be displayed.

If a port is included in a Forbidden port list and dynamic VLAN user register VLAN
on same Forbidden port, then conflict port will be displayed as

-193-

.

3.12.2 VLAN Ports

VLAN USERVLAN User module uses services of the VLAN management functionality to configure VLAN memberships
and VLAN port configuration such as PVID, UVID. Currently we support following VLAN User types:
Statis: This is referred to CLI/Web/SNMP:.
NAS: NAS provides port-based authentication, which involves communications between a Supplicant,Authenticator, and an Authentication Server.
MVRP: Multiple VLAN Registration Protocol(MVRP) allows dynamic registration and deregistration of
VLANs on ports on a VLAN bridged network.
Voice VLAN: Voice VLAN is a VLAN configured specially for voice traffic typically originating from IP
phones.
MVR: MVR is used to eliminate the need to duplicate multicast traffic for subscribers in each VLAN.
Multicast traffic for all channels is sent only on a single (multicast) VLAN.
MSTP: The 802.1s Multiple Spanning Tree protocol (MSTP) uses VLANs to create multiple spanning trees ina network, which significantly improves network resource utilization while maintaining a loop-freeenvironment.

StatusDescription

Port

The logical port for the settings contained in the same row.

PVID

Shows the VLAN identifier for that port. The allowed values are 1 through 4095. The
default value is 1.

Port TypeShows the Port Type. Port type can be any of Unaware, C-port, S-port, Custom
S-port.
If Port Type is Unaware, all frames are classified to the Port VLAN ID and tags are
not removed.
C-port is Customer Port. S-port is Service port. Custom S-port is S-port with Custom
TPID.

Ingress Filtering

Shows the ingress filtering on a port. This parameter affects VLAN ingressprocessing. If ingress filtering is enabled and the ingress port is not a member of theclassified VLAN, the frame is discarded.

Frame TypeShows whether the port accepts all frames or only tagged frames. This parameter-194-affects VLAN ingress processing. If the port only accepts tagged frames, untagged
frames received on that port are discarded.
Tx TagShows egress filtering frame status whether tagged or untagged.

UVID

Shows UVID (untagged VLAN ID). Port's UVID determines the packet's behaviourat the egress side.

Conflicts

Shows status of Conflicts whether exists or not. When a Volatile VLAN User
requests to set VLAN membership or VLAN port configuration, the following
conflicts can occur:
Functional Conflicts between features.
Conflicts due to hardware limitation.
Direct conflict between user modules.

-195-3.13 sFlow

StatusDescription

Owner

This field shows the current owner of the sFlow configuration. It assumes one ofthree values as follows:• If sFlow is currently unconfigured/unclaimed, Owner contains <none>.
• If sFlow is currently configured through Web or CLI, Owner contains <Configured
through local management>.
• If sFlow is currently configured through SNMP, Owner contains a string identifying
the sFlow receiver.

IP Address/Hostname

The IP address or hostname of the sFlow receiver.

Timeout

The number of seconds remaining before sampling stops and the current sFlow owneris released.

Tx Successes

The number of UDP datagrams successfully sent to the sFlow receiver.

Tx Errors

The number of UDP datagrams that has failed transmission.
The most common source of errors is invalid sFlow receiver IP/hostname
configuration. To diagnose, paste the receiver's IP address/hostname into the Ping
Web page (Diagnostics → Ping/Ping6).

Flow Samples

The total number of flow samples sent to the sFlow receiver.

Counter Samples

The total number of counter samples sent to the sFlow receiver.

Port

The port number for which the following statistics applies.

Rx and Tx Flow Samples-196-

The number of flow samples sent to the sFlow receiver originating from this port.
Here, flow samples are divided into Rx and Tx flow samples, where Rx flow samples
contains the number of packets that were sampled upon reception (ingress) on theport and Tx flow samples contains the number of packets that were sampled upontransmission (egress) on the port.
Counter Samples

The total number of counter samples sent to the sFlow receiver originating from this
port.

-197-

4. Diagnostics

4.1 Ping & Ping6

Settings

Description

IP Address

The destination IP Address.

Ping Length

The payload size of the ICMP packet. Values range from 2 bytes to 1452 bytes.

Ping CountThe count of the ICMP packet. Values range from 1 time to 60 times.

Ping Interval

The interval of the ICMP packet. Values range from 0 second to 30 seconds.

Start

After you press button, ICMP packets are transmitted, and the sequence number andround trip time are displayed upon reception of a reply. The amount of data received
inside of an IP packet of type ICMP ECHO_REPLY will always be 8 bytes morethan the requested data space(the ICMP header). The page refreshes automatically
until responses to all packets are received, or until a timeout occurs.

-198-

Result displayed for a failed ping test

Result displayed for a successful ping test

New Ping

Click to start a new ping test.

-199-

4.2 VeriPHY

StatusDescription

Port

The port where you are requesting Copper Cable Diagnostics.
All: select all ports

Cable Status

Port: Port number.
Pair: The status of the cable pair. Pair A, B, C, D
The status of the cable pair.
OK - Correctly terminated pairOpen - Open pair
Short - Shorted pair
Short A - Cross-pair short to pair A
Short B - Cross-pair short to pair B
Short C - Cross-pair short to pair C
Short D - Cross-pair short to pair D
Cross A - Abnormal cross-pair coupling with pair A
Cross B - Abnormal cross-pair coupling with pair B
Cross C - Abnormal cross-pair coupling with pair C
Cross D - Abnormal cross-pair coupling with pair D
Length: The length (in meters) of the cable pair.

Start

Click to run the diagnostics. This will take approximately 5 seconds. If all ports are
selected, this can take approximately 15 seconds. When completed, the pagerefreshes automatically, and you can view the cable diagnostics results in the cablestatus table. Note that VeriPHY is only accurate for cables of length 7 - 140 meters.
-200-

10 and 100 Mbps ports will be linked down while running VeriPHY. Therefore,running VeriPHY on a 10 or 100 Mbps management port will cause the switch tostop responding until VeriPHY is complete.

-201-

4.3 SFP DDM

DDM Status

Description

SFP Ports

Port numbers which are equipped with SFP slot.

Identifier

Identification information of the transceiver

Connector

The connector type used on the transceiver

SONET Compliance

The SONET compliance information of the transceiverGbE Compliance

Gigabit Ethernet compliance information of the transceiver

Vendor Name

The vendor name of the transceiver

Vendor OUIThe vendor OUI of the transceiver

Temperature

The current temperature sensed currently inside the transceiver

Voltage

The working voltage sensed currently inside the transceiver

TX Power

The transmission optical power sensed currently

RX Power

The receiving optical power sensed currently

Note: The TX power and RX power might be reported with deviation of 3dB. Both can not be expected to be as
accurate as professional optical meter provides.

-202-

5. Maintenance

5.1 Restart Device

You can reset the stack switch on this page. After reset, the system will boot normally as if you had
powered-on the devices.

Yes

Click to reboot device. The following message is displayed as follows.

-203-5.2 Factory Defaults

Yes

Click to reboot device. “System rebooting” message is displayed as follows.

No

Click to return to the Port State page without rebooting.

5.3 Software

5.3.1 Upload
This page facilitates an update of the firmware controlling the switch.

BrowseClick to the location of a software image

UploadClick to start uploading.

After the software image is uploaded, a page announces that the firmware update is initiated. After about aminute, the software is updated and the switch reboots.
Warning: While the software is being updated, Web access appears to be defunct. The front LED flashes
Green/Off with a frequency of 10Hz while the software update is in progress. Do not reset or power off thedevice at this time or the switch may fail to function afterwards.

-204-5.3.2 Image SelectThis page provides information about the active and alternate (backup) firmware images in the device, andallows you to revert to the alternate image.
The web page displays two tables with information about the active and alternate firmware images.
Note:
1. In case the active firmware image is the alternate image, only the "Active Image" table is shown. In thiscase, thebutton is also disabled.

2. If the alternate image is active (due to a corruption of the primary image or by manual intervention), uploadinga new firmware image to the device will automatically use the primary image slot and activate this.
3. The firmware version and date information may be empty for older firmware releases. This does notconstitute an error.
Image Information
Image

The flash index name of the firmware image. The name of primary (preferred) imageis “managed”, the alternate image is named “managed.bk”.

VersionThe version of the firmware image.
Remark: The version of the image currently used in your switch device might notmatch the one shown above. Every device was configured with the latest release of
the images before being shipped from factory.

Date

The date where the firmware was produced.

Click to use the alternate image. This button may be disabled depending on system
state.
-205-

Cancel activating the backup image. Navigates away from this page.

5.4 Configuration

5.4.1 Save
You can save/view or load the switch configuration. The configuration file is in XML format with a hierarchyof tags:
Header tags: <?xml version="1.0"?> and <configuration>. These tags are mandatory and must be present
at the beginning of the file.
Section tags: <platform>, <global> and <switch>. The platform section must be the first section tag and thissection must include the correct platform ID and version. The global section is optional and includes
configuration which is not related to specific switch ports. The switch section is optional and includes
configuration which is related to specific switch ports.
Module tags: <ip>, <mac>, <port> etc. These tags identify a module controlling specific parts of theconfiguration.
Group tags: <port_table>, <vlan_table> etc. These tags identify a group of parameters, typically a table.
Parameter tags: <mode>, <entry> etc. These tags identify parameters for the specific section, module andgroup. The <entry> tag is used for table entries.
Configuration parameters are represented as attribute values. When saving the configuration from the switch,
the entire configuration including syntax descriptions is included in the file. The file may then be modified
using an editor and loaded to a switch.
The example below shows a small configuration file only including configuration of the MAC address age time
and the learning mode per port. When loading this file, only the included parameters will be changed. Thismeans that the age time will be set to 200 and the learn mode will be set to automatic.

<?xml version="1.0"?><configuration><platform><pid val="3"></pid><version val="1"></version>-206-

</platform><global><mac><age val="200"></age>></mac></global><switch sid="1"><mac><entry port="1-24" learn_mode="auto"></entry></mac></switch></configuration>

Save configuration

Click to start download of the configuration.

5.4.2 Upload

BrowseClick to the location of a configuration file

UploadClick to start uploading configuration.

-207-

Glossary
ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZAACE
ACE is an acronym for Access Control Entry. It describes access permission associated with aparticular ACE ID.
There are three ACE frame types (Ethernet Type, ARP, and IPv4) and two ACE actions(permit and deny). The ACE also contains many detailed, different parameter options that areavailable for individual application.
ACL
ACL is an acronym for Access Control List. It is the list table of ACEs, containing access
control entries that specify individual users or groups permitted or denied to specific traffic
objects, such as a process or a program.
Each accessible traffic object contains an identifier to its ACL. The privileges determine
whether there are specific traffic object access rights.
ACL implementations can be quite complex, for example, when the ACEs are prioritized forthe various situation. In networking, the ACL refers to a list of service ports or network
services that are available on a host or server, each with a list of hosts or servers permitted ordenied to use the service. ACL can generally be configured to control inbound traffic, and in
this context, they are similar to firewalls.
There are 3 web-pages associated with the manual ACL configuration:
ACL|Access Control List: The web page shows the ACEs in a prioritized way, highest (top)to lowest (bottom). Default the table is empty. An ingress frame will only get a hit on one ACE
even though there are more matching ACEs. The first matching ACE will take action(permit/deny) on that frame and a counter associated with that ACE is incremented. An ACE
can be associated with a Policy, 1 ingress port, or any ingress port (the whole switch). If an
ACE Policy is created then that Policy can be associated with a group of ports under the"Ports" web-page. There are number of parameters that can be configured with an ACE. Read
the Web page help text to get further information for each of them. The maximum number of
ACEs is 64.
ACL|Ports: The ACL Ports configuration is used to assign a Policy ID to an ingress port. Thisis useful to group ports to obey the same traffic rules. Traffic Policy is created under the"Access Control List" - page. You can you also set up specific traffic properties (Action / Rate
Limiter / Port copy, etc) for each ingress port. They will though only apply if the frame gets
-208-

past the ACE matching without getting matched. In that case a counter associated with thatport is incremented. See the Web page help text for each specific port property.
ACL|Rate Limiters: Under this page you can configure the rate limiters. There can be 15
different rate limiters, each ranging from 1-1024K packets per seconds. Under "Ports" and"Access Control List" web-pages you can assign a Rate Limiter ID to the ACE(s) or ingressport(s).
AES
AES is an acronym for Advanced Encryption Standard. The encryption key protocol is appliedin 802.1i standard to improve WLAN security. It is an encryption standard by the U.S.
government, which will replace DES and 3DES. AES has a fixed block size of 128 bits and a
key size of 128, 192, or 256 bits.
AMS
AMS is an acronym for Auto Media Select. AMS is used for dual media ports (ports
supporting both copper (cu) and fiber (SFP) cables. AMS automatically determines if a SFP ora CU cable is inserted and switches to the corresponding media. If both SFP and cu cables areinserted, the port will select the prefered media.
APS
APS is an acronym for Automatic Protection Switching. This protocol is used to secure thatswitching is done bidirectional in the two ends of a protection group, as defined in G.8031.
Aggregation
Using multiple ports in parallel to increase the link speed beyond the limits of a port and toincrease the redundancy for higher availability.
(Also Port Aggregation, Link Aggregation).
ARP
ARP is an acronym for Address Resolution Protocol. It is a protocol that used to convert an IP
address into a physical address, such as an Ethernet address. ARP allows a host tocommunicate with other hosts when only the Internet address of its neighbors is known.
Before using IP, the host sends a broadcast ARP request containing the Internet address of thedesired destination system.
ARP Inspection
ARP Inspection is a secure feature. Several types of attacks can be launched against a host or
devices connected to Layer 2 networks by "poisoning" the ARP caches. This feature is used toblock such attacks. Only valid ARP requests and responses can go through the switch device.
Auto-Negotiation
Auto-negotiation is the process where two different devices establish the mode of operationand the speed settings that can be shared by those devices for a link.
C
-209-

CC
CC is an acronym for Continuity Check. It is a MEP functionality that is able to detect loss ofcontinuity in a network by transmitting CCM frames to a peer MEP.
CCM
CCM is an acronym for Continuity Check Message. It is a OAM frame transmitted from a
MEP to it's peer MEP and used to implement CC functionality.
CDP
CDP is an acronym for Cisco Discovery Protocol.
CIST
Within MSTP network, ISTs in different regions are interconnected through a common
spanning tree (CST). The collection of the ISTs in each MST region, and the common
spanning tree that interconnects the MST regions and single spanning trees are called thecommon and internal spanning tree (CIST).
D
DDM
Modern optical SFP transceivers support digital diagnostics monitoring (DDM) functions
according to the industry-standard SFF-8472. This feature is also known as digital opticalmonitoring (DOM). Modules with this capability give the end user the ability to monitor
parameters of the SFP, such as optical output power, optical input power, temperature, laser
bias current, and transceiver supply voltage, in real time.
DEI
DEI is an acronym for Drop Eligible Indicator. It is a 1-bit field in the VLAN tag.
DES
DES is an acronym for Data Encryption Standard. It provides a complete description of amathematical algorithm for encrypting (enciphering) and decrypting (deciphering) binary
coded information.
Encrypting data converts it to an unintelligible form called cipher. Decrypting cipher converts
the data back to its original form called plaintext. The algorithm described in this standard
specifies both enciphering and deciphering operations which are based on a binary number
called a key.
DHCP
DHCP is an acronym for Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol. It is a protocol used for
assigning dynamic IP addresses to devices on a network.
DHCP used by networked computers (clients) to obtain IP addresses and other parameterssuch as the default gateway, subnet mask, and IP addresses of DNS servers from a DHCP
server.
The DHCP server ensures that all IP addresses are unique, for example, no IP address is-210-

assigned to a second client while the first client's assignment is valid (its lease has not expired).
Therefore, IP address pool management is done by the server and not by a human network
administrator.
Dynamic addressing simplifies network administration because the software keeps track of IP
addresses rather than requiring an administrator to manage the task. This means that a newcomputer can be added to a network without the hassle of manually assigning it a unique IP
address.
DHCP Relay
DHCP Relay is used to forward and to transfer DHCP messages between the clients and theserver when they are not on the same subnet domain.
The DHCP option 82 enables a DHCP relay agent to insert specific information into a DHCP
request packets when forwarding client DHCP packets to a DHCP server and remove thespecific information from a DHCP reply packets when forwarding server DHCP packets to a
DHCP client. The DHCP server can use this information to implement IP address or otherassignment policies. Specifically the option works by setting two sub-options: Circuit ID(option 1) and Remote ID (option2). The Circuit ID sub-option is supposed to include
information specific to which circuit the request came in on. The Remote ID sub-option was
designed to carry information relating to the remote host end of the circuit.
The definition of Circuit ID in the switch is 4 bytes in length and the format is "vlan_id""module_id" "port_no". The parameter of "vlan_id" is the first two bytes represent the VLAN
ID. The parameter of "module_id" is the third byte for the module ID (in standalone switch it
always equal 0, in stackable switch it means switch ID). The parameter of "port_no" is the
fourth byte and it means the port number.
The Remote ID is 6 bytes in length, and the value is equal the DHCP relay agents MAC
address.
DHCP Snooping
DHCP Snooping is used to block intruder on the untrusted ports of the switch device when ittries to intervene by injecting a bogus DHCP reply packet to a legitimate conversation
between the DHCP client and server.
DNS
DNS is an acronym for Domain Name System. It stores and associates many types of
information with domain names. Most importantly, DNS translates human-friendly domainnames and computer hostnames into computer-friendly IP addresses. For example, the domainname www.example.com might translate to 192.168.0.1.
DoS
DoS is an acronym for Denial of Service. In a denial-of-service (DoS) attack, an attacker
attempts to prevent legitimate users from accessing information or services. By targeting at-211-network sites or network connection, an attacker may be able to prevent network users fromaccessing email, web sites, online accounts (banking, etc.), or other services that rely on theaffected computer.
Dotted Decimal Notation
Dotted Decimal Notation refers to a method of writing IP addresses using decimal numbers
and dots as separators between octets.
An IPv4 dotted decimal address has the form x.y.z.w, where x, y, z, and w are decimal
numbers between 0 and 255.
Drop Precedence Level
Every incoming frame is classified to a Drop Precedence Level (DP level), which is usedthroughout the device for providing congestion control guarantees to the frame according towhat was configured for that specific DP level. A DP level of 0 (zero) corresponds to'Committed' (Green) frames and a DP level of 1 or higher corresponds to 'Discard Eligible'(Yellow) frames.
DSCP
DSCP is an acronym for Differentiated Services Code Point. It is a field in the header of IP
packets for packet classification purposes.
E
EEE
EEE is an abbreviation for Energy Efficient Ethernet defined in IEEE 802.3az.
EPS
EPS is an abbreviation for Ethernet Protection Switching defined in ITU/T G.8031.
Ethernet Type
Ethernet Type, or EtherType, is a field in the Ethernet MAC header, defined by the Ethernet
networking standard. It is used to indicate which protocol is being transported in an Ethernet
frame.
FFTP
FTP is an acronym for File Transfer Protocol. It is a transfer protocol that uses theTransmission Control Protocol (TCP) and provides file writing and reading. It also provides
directory service and security features.
Fast Leave
Multicast snooping Fast Leave processing allows the switch to remove an interface from theforwarding-table entry without first sending out group specific queries to the interface. The
VLAN interface is pruned from the multicast tree for the multicast group specified in theoriginal leave message. Fast-leave processing ensures optimal bandwidth management for all
hosts on a switched network, even when multiple multicast groups are in use simultaneously.
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This processing applies to IGMP and MLD.
H
HTTP
HTTP is an acronym for Hypertext Transfer Protocol. It is a protocol that used to transfer orconvey information on the World Wide Web (WWW).
HTTP defines how messages are formatted and transmitted, and what actions Web servers andbrowsers should take in response to various commands. For example, when you enter a URL
in your browser, this actually sends an HTTP command to the Web server directing it to fetch
and transmit the requested Web page. The other main standard that controls how the World
Wide Web works is HTML, which covers how Web pages are formatted and displayed.
Any Web server machine contains, in addition to the Web page files it can serve, an HTTP
daemon, a program that is designed to wait for HTTP requests and handle them when they
arrive. The Web browser is an HTTP client, sending requests to server machines. An HTTP
client initiates a request by establishing a Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) connection toa particular port on a remote host (port 80 by default). An HTTP server listening on that port
waits for the client to send a request message.
HTTPS
HTTPS is an acronym for Hypertext Transfer Protocol over Secure Socket Layer. It is used toindicate a secure HTTP connection.
HTTPS provide authentication and encrypted communication and is widely used on the World
Wide Web for security-sensitive communication such as payment transactions and corporate
logons.
HTTPS is really just the use of Netscape's Secure Socket Layer (SSL) as a sublayer under its
regular HTTP application layering. (HTTPS uses port 443 instead of HTTP port 80 in its
interactions with the lower layer, TCP/IP.) SSL uses a 40-bit key size for the RC4 stream
encryption algorithm, which is considered an adequate degree of encryption for commercial
exchange.
I
ICMP
ICMP is an acronym for Internet Control Message Protocol. It is a protocol that generated theerror response, diagnostic or routing purposes. ICMP messages generally contain information
about routing difficulties or simple exchanges such as time-stamp or echo transactions. For
example, the PING command uses ICMP to test an Internet connection.
IEEE 802.1X
IEEE 802.1X is an IEEE standard for port-based Network Access Control. It provides
authentication to devices attached to a LAN port, establishing a point-to-point connection or
preventing access from that port if authentication fails. With 802.1X, access to all switch ports-213-

can be centrally controlled from a server, which means that authorized users can use the same
credentials for authentication from any point within the network.
IGMP
IGMP is an acronym for Internet Group Management Protocol. It is a communications
protocol used to manage the membership of Internet Protocol multicast groups. IGMP is usedby IP hosts and adjacent multicast routers to establish multicast group memberships. It is an
integral part of the IP multicast specification, like ICMP for unicast connections. IGMP can beused for online video and gaming, and allows more efficient use of resources when supportingthese uses.
IGMP Querier
A router sends IGMP Query messages onto a particular link. This router is called the Querier.
IMAP
IMAP is an acronym for Internet Message Access Protocol. It is a protocol for email clients toretrieve email messages from a mail server.
IMAP is the protocol that IMAP clients use to communicate with the servers, and SMTP is the
protocol used to transport mail to an IMAP server.
The current version of the Internet Message Access Protocol is IMAP4. It is similar to Post
Office Protocol version 3 (POP3), but offers additional and more complex features. For
example, the IMAP4 protocol leaves your email messages on the server rather thandownloading them to your computer. If you wish to remove your messages from the server,
you must use your mail client to generate local folders, copy messages to your local hard drive,and then delete and expunge the messages from the server.
IP
IP is an acronym for Internet Protocol. It is a protocol used for communicating data across aninternet network.
IP is a "best effort" system, which means that no packet of information sent over is assured toreach its destination in the same condition it was sent. Each device connected to a Local Area
Network (LAN) or Wide Area Network (WAN) is given an Internet Protocol address, and thisIP address is used to identify the device uniquely among all other devices connected to theextended network.
The current version of the Internet protocol is IPv4, which has 32-bits Internet Protocol
addresses allowing for in excess of four billion unique addresses. This number is reduced
drastically by the practice of webmasters taking addresses in large blocks, the bulk of which
remain unused. There is a rather substantial movement to adopt a new version of the Internet
Protocol, IPv6, which would have 128-bits Internet Protocol addresses. This number can be
represented roughly by a three with thirty-nine zeroes after it. However, IPv4 is still the
protocol of choice for most of the Internet.
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IPMC
IPMC is an acronym for IP MultiCast.
IPMC supports IPv4 and IPv6 multicasting. IPMCv4 denotes multicast for IPv4. IPMCv6
denotes multicast for IPv6.
IP Source Guard
IP Source Guard is a secure feature used to restrict IP traffic on DHCP snooping untrusted
ports by filtering traffic based on the DHCP Snooping Table or manually configured IP Source
Bindings. It helps prevent IP spoofing attacks when a host tries to spoof and use the IP addressof another host.
L
LACP
LACP is an IEEE 802.3ad standard protocol. The Link Aggregation Control Protocol, allows
bundling several physical ports together to form a single logical port.
LLC
The IEEE 802.2 Logical Link Control (LLC) protocol provides a link mechanism for upper
layer protocols. It is the upper sub-layer of the Data Link Layer and provides multiplexingmechanisms that make it possible for several network protocols (IP, IPX) to coexist within amultipoint network. LLC header consists of 1 byte DSAP (Destination Service Access Point),
1 byte SSAP (Source Service Access Point), 1 or 2 bytes Control field followed by LLC
information.
LLDP
LLDP is an IEEE 802.1ab standard protocol.
The Link Layer Discovery Protocol(LLDP) specified in this standard allows stations attached
to an IEEE 802 LAN to advertise, to other stations attached to the same IEEE 802 LAN, themajor capabilities provided by the system incorporating that station, the management addressor addresses of the entity or entities that provide management of those capabilities, and theidentification of the stations point of attachment to the IEEE 802 LAN required by thosemanagement entity or entities. The information distributed via this protocol is stored by its
recipients in a standard Management Information Base (MIB), making it possible for the
information to be accessed by a Network Management System (NMS) using a management
protocol such as the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP).
LLDP-MEDLLDP-MED is an extension of IEEE 802.1ab and is defined by the telecommunicationindustry association (TIA-1057).
LLQI
LLQI (Last Listener Query Interval) is the maximun response time used to calculate theMaximun Respse Code inserted into Specific Queries. It is used to detect the departure of the-215-

last listener for a multicast address or source. In IGMP, this term is called LMQI (Last
Member Query Interval).
LOC
LOC is an acronym for Loss Of Connectivity and is detected by a MEP and is indicating lostconnectivity in the network. Can be used as a switch criteria by EPS
M
MAC Table
Switching of frames is based upon the DMAC address contained in the frame. The switch
builds up a table that maps MAC addresses to switch ports for knowing which ports the framesshould go to ( based upon the DMAC address in the frame ). This table contains both staticand dynamic entries. The static entries are configured by the network administrator if theadministrator wants to do a fixed mapping between the DMAC address and switch ports.
The frames also contain a MAC address ( SMAC address ), which shows the MAC address ofthe equipment sending the frame. The SMAC address is used by the switch to automatically
update the MAC table with these dynamic MAC addresses. Dynamic entries are removed from
the MAC table if no frame with the corresponding SMAC address have been seen after aconfigurable age time.
MEP
MEP is an acronym for Maintenance Entity Endpoint and is an endpoint in a MaintenanceEntity Group (ITU-T Y.1731).
MD5
MD5 is an acronym for Message-Digest algorithm 5. MD5 is a message digest algorithm, usedcryptographic hash function with a 128-bit hash value. It was designed by Ron Rivest in 1991.
MD5 is officially defined in RFC 1321 - The MD5 Message-Digest Algorithm.
Mirroring
For debugging network problems or monitoring network traffic, the switch system can be
configured to mirror frames from multiple ports to a mirror port. (In this context, mirroring aframe is the same as copying the frame.)
Both incoming (source) and outgoing (destination) frames can be mirrored to the mirror port.
MLD
MLD is an acronym for Multicast Listener Discovery for IPv6. MLD is used by IPv6 routers
to discover multicast listeners on a directly attached link, much as IGMP is used in IPv4. The
protocol is embedded in ICMPv6 instead of using a separate protocol.
MSTP
In 2002, the IEEE introduced an evolution of RSTP: the Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol. The
MSTP protocol provides for multiple spanning tree instances, while ensuring RSTP and STP
compatibility. The standard was originally defined by IEEE 802.1s, but was later incorporated-216-

in IEEE 802.1D-2005.
MSTI
It may be necessary to have different topologies for different VLANs, for load-sharing or otherpurposes. MSTP enables the grouping of multiple VLANs with the same topology
requirements into one MST instance (MSTI). Instances are not supported in STP or RSTP, so
those two versions have the same spanning-tree in common for all of the VLANs.
MVR
Multicast VLAN Registration (MVR) is a protocol for Layer 2 (IP)-networks that enables
multicast-traffic from a source VLAN to be shared with subscriber-VLANs.
The main reason for using MVR is to save bandwidth by preventing duplicate multicast
streams being sent in the core network, instead the stream(s) are received on the MVR-VLAN
and forwarded to the VLANs where hosts have requested it/them(Wikipedia).
N
NAS
NAS is an acronym for Network Access Server. The NAS is meant to act as a gateway toguard access to a protected source. A client connects to the NAS, and the NAS connects toanother resource asking whether the client's supplied credentials are valid. Based on theanswer, the NAS then allows or disallows access to the protected resource. An example of a
NAS implementation is IEEE 802.1X.
NetBIOSNetBIOS is an acronym for Network Basic Input/Output System. It is a program that allows
applications on separate computers to communicate within a Local Area Network (LAN), and
it is not supported on a Wide Area Network (WAN).
The NetBIOS giving each computer in the network both a NetBIOS name and an IP address
corresponding to a different host name, provides the session and transport services describedin the Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) model.
NFS
NFS is an acronym for Network File System. It allows hosts to mount partitions on a remotesystem and use them as though they are local file systems.
NFS allows the system administrator to store resources in a central location on the network,
providing authorized users continuous access to them, which means NFS supports sharing offiles, printers, and other resources as persistent storage over a computer network.
NTP
NTP is an acronym for Network Time Protocol, a network protocol for synchronizing theclocks of computer systems. NTP uses UDP (datagrams) as transport layer.
O
OAM
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OAM is an acronym for Operation Administration and Maintenance.
It is a protocol described in ITU-T Y.1731 used to implement carrier ethernet functionality.
MEP functionality like CC and RDI is based on thisOptional TLVs.
A LLDP frame contains multiple TLVs
For some TLVs it is configurable if the switch shall include the TLV in the LLDP frame. These
TLVs are known as optional TLVs. If an optional TLVs is disabled the corresponding
information is not included in the LLDP frame.
OUIOUI is the organizationally unique identifier. An OUI address is a globally unique identifierassigned to a vendor by IEEE. You can determine which vendor a device belongs to according
to the OUI address which forms the first 24 bits of a MAC address.
P
PCP
PCP is an acronym for Priority Code Point. It is a 3-bit field storing the priority level for the802.1Q frame. It is also known as User Priority.
PD
PD is an acronym for Powered Device. In a PoE system the power is delivered from a PSE( power sourcing equipment ) to a remote device. The remote device is called a PD.
PHY
PHY is an abbreviation for Physical Interface Transceiver and is the device that implement the
Ethernet physical layer (IEEE-802.3).
PING
PING is a program that sends a series of packets over a network or the Internet to a specificcomputer in order to generate a response from that computer. The other computer respondswith an acknowledgment that it received the packets. Ping was created to verify whether a
specific computer on a network or the Internet exists and is connected.
ping uses Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) packets. The PING Request is the packet
from the origin computer, and the PING Reply is the packet response from the target.
PoE
PoE is an acronym for Power Over Ethernet.
Power Over Ethernet is used to transmit electrical power, to remote devices over standard
Ethernet cable. It could for example be used for powering IP telephones, wireless LAN accesspoints and other equipment, where it would be difficult or expensive to connect the equipment
to main power supply.
Policer
A policer can limit the bandwidth of received frames. It is located in front of the ingress-218-

queue.
POP3
POP3 is an acronym for Post Office Protocol version 3. It is a protocol for email clients toretrieve email messages from a mail server.
POP3 is designed to delete mail on the server as soon as the user has downloaded it. However,some implementations allow users or an administrator to specify that mail be saved for someperiod of time. POP can be thought of as a "store-and-forward" service.
An alternative protocol is Internet Message Access Protocol (IMAP). IMAP provides the user
with more capabilities for retaining e-mail on the server and for organizing it in folders on theserver. IMAP can be thought of as a remote file server.
POP and IMAP deal with the receiving of e-mail and are not to be confused with the Simple
Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP). You send e-mail with SMTP, and a mail handler receives it on
your recipient's behalf. Then the mail is read using POP or IMAP. IMAP4 and POP3 are thetwo most prevalent Internet standard protocols for e-mail retrieval. Virtually all modern e-mailclients and servers support both.
PPPoE
PPPoE is an acronym for Point-to-Point Protocol over Ethernet.
It is a network protocol for encapsulating Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP) frames inside Ethernet
frames. It is used mainly with ADSL services where individual users connect to the ADSL
transceiver (modem) over Ethernet and in plain Metro Ethernet networks (Wikipedia).
Private VLAN
In a private VLAN, PVLANs provide layer 2 isolation between ports within the samebroadcast domain. Isolated ports configured as part of PVLAN cannot communicate with eachother. Member ports of a PVLAN can communicate with each other.
PTP
PTP is an acronym for Precision Time Protocol, a network protocol for synchronizing theclocks of computer systems.
Q
QCE
QCE is an acronym for QoS Control Entry. It describes QoS class associated with a particular
QCE ID.
There are six QCE frame types: Ethernet Type, VLAN, UDP/TCP Port, DSCP, TOS, and Tag
Priority. Frames can be classified by one of 4 different QoS classes: "Low", "Normal","Medium", and "High" for individual application.
QCL
QCL is an acronym for QoS Control List. It is the list table of QCEs, containing QoS control
entries that classify to a specific QoS class on specific traffic objects.
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Each accessible traffic object contains an identifier to its QCL. The privileges determine
specific traffic object to specific QoS class.
QL
QL In SyncE this is the Quality Level of a given clock source. This is received on a port in a
SSM indicating the quality of the clock received in the port.
QoS
QoS is an acronym for Quality of Service. It is a method to guarantee a bandwidth relationshipbetween individual applications or protocols.
A communications network transports a multitude of applications and data, including
high-quality video and delay-sensitive data such as real-time voice. Networks must provide
secure, predictable, measurable, and sometimes guaranteed services.
Achieving the required QoS becomes the secret to a successful end-to-end business solution.
Therefore, QoS is the set of techniques to manage network resources.
QoS class
Every incoming frame is classified to a QoS class, which is used throughout the device forproviding queuing, scheduling and congestion control guarantees to the frame according towhat was configured for that specific QoS class. There is a one to one mapping between QoSclass, queue and priority. A QoS class of 0 (zero) has the lowest priority.
R
RARP
RARP is an acronym for Reverse Address Resolution Protocol. It is a protocol that is used toobtain an IP address for a given hardware address, such as an Ethernet address. RARP is thecomplement of ARP.
RADIUSRADIUS is an acronym for Remote Authentication Dial In User Service. It is a networking
protocol that provides centralized access, authorization and accounting management forpeople or computers to connect and use a network service.
RDI
RDI is an acronym for Remote Defect Indication. It is a OAM functionality that is used by a
MEP to indicate defect detected to the remote peer MEP
Router PortA router port is a port on the Ethernet switch that leads switch towards the Layer 3 multicast
device.
RSTP
In 1998, the IEEE with document 802.1w introduced an evolution of STP: the Rapid Spanning
Tree Protocol, which provides for faster spanning tree convergence after a topology change.
Standard IEEE 802.1D-2004 now incorporates RSTP and obsoletes STP, while at the same
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time being backwards-compatible with STP.
S
SAMBA
Samba is a program running under UNIX-like operating systems that provides seamlessintegration between UNIX and Microsoft Windows machines. Samba acts as file and print
servers for Microsoft Windows, IBM OS/2, and other SMB client machines. Samba uses theServer Message Block (SMB) protocol and Common Internet File System (CIFS), which is theunderlying protocol used in Microsoft Windows networking.
Samba can be installed on a variety of operating system platforms, including Linux, mostcommon Unix platforms, OpenVMS, and IBM OS/2.
Samba can also register itself with the master browser on the network so that it would appear
in the listing of hosts in Microsoft Windows "Neighborhood Network".
SFP
The small form-factor pluggable (SFP) is a compact, hot-pluggable transceiver used for bothtelecommunication and data communications applications. The form factor and electricalinterface are specified by a multi-source agreement (MSA). It interfaces a network device
motherboard (for a switch, router, media converter or similar device) to a fiber optic or copper
networking cable. It is a popular industry format jointly developed and supported by many
network component vendors. SFP transceivers are designed to support SONET, Gigabit
Ethernet, Fibre Channel, and other communications standards.
sFlow
sFlow is an industry standard technology for monitoring switched networks through random
sampling of packets on switch ports and time-based sampling of port counters. The sampled
packets and counters (referred to as flow samples and counter samples, respectively) are sent
as sFlow UDP datagrams to a central network traffic monitoring server. This central server iscalled an sFlow receiver or sFlow collector.
Additional information can be found at http://sflow.org.
SHA
SHA is an acronym for Secure Hash Algorithm. It designed by the National Security Agency(NSA) and published by the NIST as a U.S. Federal Information Processing Standard. Hash
algorithms compute a fixed-length digital representation (known as a message digest) of an
input data sequence (the message) of any length.
Shaper
A shaper can limit the bandwidth of transmitted frames. It is located after the ingress queues.
SMTP
SMTP is an acronym for Simple Mail Transfer Protocol. It is a text-based protocol that uses
the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) and provides a mail service modeled on the FTP file-221-

transfer service. SMTP transfers mail messages between systems and notifications regarding
incoming mail.
SNAPThe SubNetwork Access Protocol (SNAP) is a mechanism for multiplexing, on networks
using IEEE 802.2 LLC, more protocols than can be distinguished by the 8-bit 802.2 Service
Access Point (SAP) fields. SNAP supports identifying protocols by Ethernet type field values;
it also supports vendor-private protocol identifier.
SNMP
SNMP is an acronym for Simple Network Management Protocol. It is part of the Transmission
Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) protocol for network management. SNMP allow
diverse network objects to participate in a network management architecture. It enables
network management systems to learn network problems by receiving traps or change notices
from network devices implementing SNMP.
SNTP
SNTP is an acronym for Simple Network Time Protocol, a network protocol for synchronizing
the clocks of computer systems. SNTP uses UDP (datagrams) as transport layer.
SPROUT
Stack Protocol using ROUting Technology. An advanced protocol for almost instantaneous
discovery of topology changes within a stack as well as election of a master switch. SPROUT
also calculates parameters for setting up each switch to perform shortest path forwarding
within the stack.
SSID
Service Set Identifier is a name used to identify the particular 802.11 wireless LANs to which
a user wants to attach. A client device will receive broadcast messages from all access points
within range advertising their SSIDs, and can choose one to connect to based on
pre-configuration, or by displaying a list of SSIDs in range and asking the user to select one(wikipedia).
SSH
SSH is an acronym for Secure SHell. It is a network protocol that allows data to be exchanged
using a secure channel between two networked devices. The encryption used by SSH provides
confidentiality and integrity of data over an insecure network. The goal of SSH was to replace
the earlier rlogin, TELNET and rsh protocols, which did not provide strong authentication or
guarantee confidentiality (Wikipedia).
SSM
SSM In SyncE this is an abbreviation for Synchronization Status Message and is containing a
QL indication.
STP
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Spanning Tree Protocol is an OSI layer-2 protocol which ensures a loop free topology for any
bridged LAN. The original STP protocol is now obsolete by RSTP.
Switch ID
Switch IDs (1-?) are used to uniquely identify the switches within a stack. The Switch ID ofeach switch is shown on the display on the front of the switch and is used widely in the web
pages as well as in the CLI commands.
SyncE
SyncE Is an abbreviation for Synchronous Ethernet. This functionality is used to make a
network 'clock frequency' synchronized. Not to be confused with real time clock synchronized(IEEE 1588).
T
TACACS+TACACS+ is an acronym for Terminal Acess Controller Access Control System Plus. It is a
networking protocol which provides access control for routers, network access servers andother networked computing devices via one or more centralized servers. TACACS+ provides
separate authentication, authorization and accounting services.
Tag Priority
Tag Priority is a 3-bit field storing the priority level for the 802.1Q frame.
TCP
TCP is an acronym for Transmission Control Protocol. It is a communications protocol thatuses the Internet Protocol (IP) to exchange the messages between computers.
The TCP protocol guarantees reliable and in-order delivery of data from sender to receiver anddistinguishes data for multiple connections by concurrent applications (for example, Web
server and e-mail server) running on the same host.
The applications on networked hosts can use TCP to create connections to one another. It is
known as a connection-oriented protocol, which means that a connection is established andmaintained until such time as the message or messages to be exchanged by the application
programs at each end have been exchanged. TCP is responsible for ensuring that a message isdivided into the packets that IP manages and for reassembling the packets back into thecomplete message at the other end.
Common network applications that use TCP include the World Wide Web (WWW), e-mail,and File Transfer Protocol (FTP).
TELNETTELNET is an acronym for TELetype NETwork. It is a terminal emulation protocol that uses
the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) and provides a virtual connection between TELNET
server and TELNET client.
TELNET enables the client to control the server and communicate with other servers on the-223-network. To start a Telnet session, the client user must log in to a server by entering a valid
username and password. Then, the client user can enter commands through the Telnet program
just as if they were entering commands directly on the server console.
TFTP
TFTP is an acronym for Trivial File Transfer Protocol. It is transfer protocol that uses the User
Datagram Protocol (UDP) and provides file writing and reading, but it does not provide
directory service and security features.
ToS
ToS is an acronym for Type of Service. It is implemented as the IPv4 ToS priority control. It isfully decoded to determine the priority from the 6-bit ToS field in the IP header. The mostsignificant 6 bits of the ToS field are fully decoded into 64 possibilities, and the singular codethat results is compared against the corresponding bit in the IPv4 ToS priority control bit(0~63).
TLV
TLV is an acronym for Type Length Value. A LLDP frame can contain multiple pieces of
information. Each of these pieces of information is known as TLV.
TKIP
TKIP is an acronym for Temporal Key Integrity Protocol. It used in WPA to replace WEP witha new encryption algorithm. TKIP comprises the same encryption engine and RC4 algorithm
defined for WEP. The key used for encryption in TKIP is 128 bits and changes the key used
for each packet.
U
UDP
UDP is an acronym for User Datagram Protocol. It is a communications protocol that uses theInternet Protocol (IP) to exchange the messages between computers.
UDP is an alternative to the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) that uses the Internet
Protocol (IP). Unlike TCP, UDP does not provide the service of dividing a message into packet
datagrams, and UDP doesn't provide reassembling and sequencing of the packets. This meansthat the application program that uses UDP must be able to make sure that the entire message
has arrived and is in the right order. Network applications that want to save processing time
because they have very small data units to exchange may prefer UDP to TCP.
UDP provides two services not provided by the IP layer. It provides port numbers to help
distinguish different user requests and, optionally, a checksum capability to verify that the data
arrived intact.
Common network applications that use UDP include the Domain Name System (DNS),
streaming media applications such as IPTV, Voice over IP (VoIP), and Trivial File Transfer
Protocol (TFTP).
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UPnP
UPnP is an acronym for Universal Plug and Play. The goals of UPnP are to allow devices toconnect seamlessly and to simplify the implementation of networks in the home (data sharing,
communications, and entertainment) and in corporate environments for simplified installationof computer components
User Priority
User Priority is a 3-bit field storing the priority level for the 802.1Q frame. It is also known as
PCP.
V
VLAN
Virtual LAN. A method to restrict communication between switch ports. VLANs can be used
for the following applications:
VLAN unaware switching: This is the default configuration. All ports are VLAN unaware
with Port VLAN ID 1 and members of VLAN 1. This means that MAC addresses are learned
in VLAN 1, and the switch does not remove or insert VLAN tags.
VLAN aware switching: This is based on the IEEE 802.1Q standard. All ports are VLAN
aware. Ports connected to VLAN aware switches are members of multiple VLANs andtransmit tagged frames. Other ports are members of one VLAN, set up with this Port VLAN
ID, and transmit untagged frames.
Provider switching: This is also known as Q-in-Q switching. Ports connected to subscribers
are VLAN unaware, members of one VLAN, and set up with this unique Port VLAN ID. Ports
connected to the service provider are VLAN aware, members of multiple VLANs, and set up
to tag all frames. Untagged frames received on a subscriber port are forwarded to the provider
port with a single VLAN tag. Tagged frames received on a subscriber port are forwarded to theprovider port with a double VLAN tag.
VLAN ID
VLAN ID is a 12-bit field specifying the VLAN to which the frame belongs.
Voice VLAN
Voice VLAN is VLAN configured specially for voice traffic. By adding the ports with voicedevices attached to voice VLAN, we can perform QoS-related configuration for voice data,
ensuring the transmission priority of voice traffic and voice quality.
W
WEP
WEP is an acronym for Wired Equivalent Privacy. WEP is a deprecated algorithm to secureIEEE 802.11 wireless networks. Wireless networks broadcast messages using radio, so are
more susceptible to eavesdropping than wired networks. When introduced in 1999, WEP wasintended to provide confidentiality comparable to that of a traditional wired network-225-

(Wikipedia).
WiFi
WiFi is an acronym for Wireless Fidelity. It is meant to be used generically when referring of
any type of 802.11 network, whether 802.11b, 802.11a, dual-band, etc. The term is
promulgated by the Wi-Fi Alliance.
WPA
WPA is an acronym for Wi-Fi Protected Access. It was created in response to several serious
weaknesses researchers had found in the previous system , Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP).
WPA implements the majority of the IEEE 802.11i standard, and was intended as anintermediate measure to take the place of WEP while 802.11i was prepared. WPA is
specifically designed to also work with pre-WPA wireless network interface cards (throughfirmware upgrades), but not necessarily with first generation wireless access points. WPA2
implements the full standard, but will not work with some older network cards (Wikipedia).
WPA-PSKWPA-PSK is an acronym for Wi-Fi Protected Access - Pre Shared Key. WPA was designed toenhance the security of wireless networks. There are two flavors of WPA: enterprise andpersonal. Enterprise is meant for use with an IEEE 802.1X authentication server, which
distributes different keys to each user. Personal WPA utilizes less scalable 'pre-shared key'
(PSK) mode, where every allowed computer is given the same passphrase. In PSK mode,
security depends on the strength and secrecy of the passphrase. The design of WPA is based ona Draft 3 of the IEEE 802.11i standard (Wikipedia)
WPA-Radius
WPA-Radius is an acronym for Wi-Fi Protected Access - Radius (802.1X authentication
server). WPA was designed to enhance the security of wireless networks. There are two flavors
of WPA: enterprise and personal. Enterprise is meant for use with an IEEE 802.1X
authentication server, which distributes different keys to each user. Personal WPA utilizes lessscalable 'pre-shared key' (PSK) mode, where every allowed computer is given the same
passphrase. In PSK mode, security depends on the strength and secrecy of the passphrase. The
design of WPA is based on a Draft 3 of the IEEE 802.11i standard (Wikipedia)
WPS
WPS is an acronym for Wi-Fi Protected Setup. It is a standard for easy and secure
establishment of a wireless home network. The goal of the WPS protocol is to simplify theprocess of connecting any home device to the wireless network (Wikipedia).
WRED
WRED is an acronym for Weighted Random Early Detection. It is an active queue
management mechanism that provides preferential treatment of higher priority frames whentraffic builds up within a queue. A frame's DP level is used as input to WRED. A higher DP-226-

level assigned to a frame results in a higher probability that the frame is dropped during timesof congestion.
WTR
WTR is an acronym for Wait To Restore. This is the time a fail on a resource has to be 'not
active' before restoration back to this (previously failing) resource is done.

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