医学部進学予備校メビオ

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東海大学医学部㸱㸲㸳

2024年2月3日実施

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英語

ၥ 13

㸴

(1) ࡋ࠿ࡋ࡞ࡀࡽ㸪ࡇࡢ᪂ࡋ࠸ᢏ⾡ࡣ㸪1 ඙ಶࡢ༢ㄒࢆ࡯ࢇࡢᩘ⛊࡛ゎᯒࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿ୍᪉࡛㸪ࡑࢀࡣே㛫ࡢᏊ࡝ࡶ࡛ࡶṇ☜࡟⟅࠼ࡽࢀࡿ࡛࠶ࢁ࠺ၥ࠸࡟ࡘࡲ
ࡎࡃࡇ࡜ࡶ࠶ࡿࠋ㸵(2) ⭾኱࡞㔞ࡢ᝟ሗࢆศᯒࡋ㸪ࡲ࡜ࡵࡿ⬟ຊࡀ࠶ࡿ࡟ࡶ࠿࠿ࢃࡽࡎ㸪ேᕤ▱⬟ࡣ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟㸪ࡑࡢ⌧ᐇୡ⏺࡟࠾ࡅࡿ⤒㦂࡜ᇶᮏⓗᖖ㆑ࡢḞⴠࢆᇙࡵྜࢃࡍࡇ࡜ࡀᮍࡔ
࡟࡛ࡁ࡚࠸࡞࠸ࡢࡔࠋ
(1)Freshwater fish are easy to catch and have a high nutritional value, but they can posea risk of parasitic or bacterial infections if not heated well.

(ูゎ) Freshwater fish are easy to catch and nutritious but accompanied by the risk of㸶parasites or bacterial infections unless well cooked.
(2)

Changes in the diet of early humans led to the shrinking of the intestine and the growthof the brain with it, which is thought to have been an evolutionary turning point.

(ูゎ) Changes in food life of early humans resulted in shortened intestines and ensuing
brain growth, which is thought to have caused an evolutionary turning point.

ҫָ෨਒ָ༩ඍߏϟϑΨ㸯
ၥ1ࠕ➨ 1 ẁⴠ࡟ࡼࢀࡤ㸪ࠖ࢔ࠕፗᴦࡢࡓࡵࡢ㨶㢮ほᐹࡣ 17 ୡ⣖࡟ጞࡲࡗࡓࠖ

࢖ࠕᐙᗞ࡛ᾏὒ⏕≀ࢆほᐹࡍࡿᩥ໬ࡣ࣮ࣚࣟࢵࣃ࡛ጞࡲࡗࡓࠖ

࢘

ࠕ᭱ึࡢほ㈹㨶ࡣ࢞ࣛࢫࡢࡘࡰ࡟ධࢀࡽࢀࡓ࢚ࠖ

ࠕ࢖ࢠࣜࢫ࡛ࡣ 1800 ᖺ௦࡟Ỉ᪘㤋࡬ࡢ㛵ᚰࡀ㧗ࡲࡗࡓࠖṇゎࡣ࢚ࠋ➨ 1 ẁⴠ᭱⤊ᩥࡀ᰿ᣐ࡜࡞ࡿࠋࡑࡢ 1 ᩥࡢព࿡ࡣࠕ19 ୡ⣖༙ࡤ㸪୍㐃ࡢᩥ໬ⓗ㸪⛉Ꮫⓗ㸪♫఍ⓗ≧ἣࡀ཰᮰ࡋ㸪࢖ࢠࣜࢫ࡛Ỉ᪘㤋࡬ࡢ⇕≬ࡀ⏕ࡌࡓ࡛ࠖ࠶ࡿࠋ
ၥ2ࠕ➨ 2 ẁⴠ࡟ࡼࢀࡤ㸪ࠖ࢔ࠕ⯪஌ࡾࡓࡕࡣ㸪Ỉ㠃ୗ࡟࡝ࢇ࡞ࡶࡢࡀఫࢇ࡛࠸ࡿࡢ࠿࡜ᜍࢀ࡚࠸ࡓࠖ

࢖ࠕྂ௦ࢠࣜࢩࣕࡢேࠎࡣ㸪࣏ࢭ࢖ࢻࣥࡀ⮬ศࡓࡕࢆᏲࡗ࡚ࡃࢀࡿ࡜ಙࡌ࡚࠸ࡓࠖ

࢘

ࠕ1800 ᖺ௦ࡢసᐙࡓࡕࡣ㸪ᾏࢆᏳ඲࡞ሙᡤ࡜ࡋ࡚ᥥ෗ࡋࡓࠖ

࢚ࠕኳᩥᏛ⪅ࡓࡕࡣ㸪ᾏୖ࡛ࡢᔒ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ண

ࡋࡓፗᴦࡢࡓࡵࡢ㨶㢮ほᐹࡣ 17 ୡ⣖࡟ጞࡲࡗࡓࠖ

ṇゎࡣ࢔ࠋ➨ 2 ẁⴠ➨ 1 ᩥ࡜➨ 4 ᩥࡀ᰿ᣐ࡜࡞ࡿࠋࡑࢀࡽࡢព࿡ࡣࠕ1800 ᖺ௦ࡢ⏘ᴗ㠉࿨௨๓㸪すὒ࡛ࡣ㛗࠸㛫㸪ᾏࡣ᛹≀ࡀ₯ࡴᜍࢁࡋ࠸ሙᡤ࡜ぢ࡞ࡉࢀ࡚ࡁࡓࠖཬࡧࠕࡑࢀ࠿ࡽ 1000 ᖺ⤒ࡗࡓᚋ㸪୰ୡ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡶ㸪⯪஌ࡾࡸࡑࡢ௚ࡢேࠎࡣẸ㛫ఏᢎࡢᙳ㡪ࢆཷࡅ࡚㸪ᾏࢆᜍࢀ⥆ࡅࡓ࡛ࠖ࠶ࡿࠋ
ၥ3ࠕ➨ 2 ẁⴠࡢ[1]࡟⨨ࡁ᥮࠼ࡿࡢ࡟᭱ࡶࡼ࠸ࡢࡣḟࡢ࠺ࡕࡢ࡝ࢀ࠿ࠖ࢔ࠕࡑࡢୖ㸪ࡉࡽ࡟ࠖ࢖ࠕ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟ࠖ࢘ࠕࡸࡀ࡚ࡣ㸪ࡺࡃࡺࡃࡣ࢚ࠖࠕ඾ᆺⓗ࡟ࠖṇゎࡣ࢘ࠋ✵ᡤࢆྵࡴ 1 ᩥࡢព࿡ࡣࠕࡋ࠿ࡋ㸪ࡸࡀ࡚⛉Ꮫⓗ⪃࠼ࡢᣢࡕ୺ࡓࡕࡣ㸪ᾏὒ⏕≀ࡢయ⣔ⓗ࡞཰㞟࡜グ㘓ࢆ㏻ࡌ࡚㸪ᾏࡢㅦࢆゎ᫂ࡋࡼ࠺࡜ດࡵࡓ࡛ࠖ࠶ࡿࠋ➨ 2 ẁⴠ࡛ࡣ㸪ෑ㢌࠿ࡽ࣮ࣚࣟࢵࣃࡢேࠎࡀᢪ࠸࡚࠸ࡓᾏ࡬ࡢᜍᛧ㸪ᾏࢆᚓయࡢࡋࢀ࡞࠸ࡶࡢ࡜ឤࡌࡿᚰᛶࡀㄝ᫂ࡉࢀ࡚࠾ࡾ㸪ࡑࡢㄝ᫂ࡣ➨2 ẁⴠ➨ 4 ᩥࡲ࡛⥆࠸࡚࠸ࡿࠋྠẁⴠ➨ 5㸪6 ᩥ࡛ࡣ㸪ࡑࡢࡇ࡜ࡀ⌮⏤࡛ᾏὒ◊✲ࡀኳᩥᏛ࡜ẚ࡭࡚㐜ࢀࢆྲྀࡗ࡚࠸ࡓࡇ࡜ࡀ㏙࡭ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡑࡢ᪉ྥ࡜ࡣ཯ࡍࡿෆᐜࡀྠẁⴠ᭱⤊ᩥ࡛☜ㄆ࡛ࡁࡿࡀ㸪ࡑࡢ๓ᚋࢆࡘ࡞ࡄࡢ࡟ࡩࡉࢃࡋ࠸๪モ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡣ㸪᫬㛫ࡢ⤒㐣ࢆ⾲ࡍ࢘ࡀṇࡋ࠸࡜ண᝿࡛ࡁࡿࠋ
ၥ4ࠕ➨ 3 ẁⴠ࡟ࡼࢀࡤ㸪19 ୡ⣖࡟࠾ࡅࡿ⛉Ꮫୖࡢ㐍ᒎ࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ṇࡋࡃƳƍࡢࡣ࡝ࡢᩥ࠿ࠖ

࢔ࠕ⛉Ꮫᢏ⾡ࡣᾏὒ⏕≀ࡢ୍⯡ᒎ♧ࢆྍ⬟ࡍࡿࡢ࡟ᙺ❧ࡗࡓࠖ࢖ࠕỈ᪘㤋ࡢᘓタ࡟౑⏝ࡍࡿᯈ࢞ࣛࢫࢆ㉎ධࡍࡿࡢࡀ⡆༢࡟࡞ࡗࡓࠖ࢘

ࠕ㕲㐨ࡢᨵၿࡣᾏỈࡢ㍺㏦࡟ᙺ❧ࡗࡓ࢚ࠖࠕỈ᪘㤋ࡢỈࡣῐỈ※࠿ࡽ㞟ࡵࡽࢀࡓࠖ
ṇゎࡣ࢚ࠋ࢔࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣ➨ 3 ẁⴠ➨ 1 ᩥ㸪࢖࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣྠẁⴠ➨ 3 ᩥ㸪࢘࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣྠẁⴠ➨ 2 ᩥࢆ᰿ᣐ࡜ࡋ࡚㸪ࡑࢀࡒࢀṇࡋ࠸ෆᐜ࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ☜ㄆ࡛ࡁࡿࠋࡑࢀࡽࡢព࿡ࡣࠕ19 ୡ⣖࡟ࡣࡉࡲࡊࡲ࡞
ᢏ⾡㠉᪂ࡀ┦ࡲࡗ࡚㸪ࡇࡢ◊✲ࡢ⯙ྎࡀᩚ࠼ࡽࢀ㸪Ỉ⏕᳜≀ࡸỈ⏕⏕≀ࢆࡑࡢᅜࡢྛᆅ࡛ᒎ♧ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀྍ⬟࡟࡞ࡗࡓࠋࡦ࡜ࡘ࡟ࡣ㸪ᩜタࡉࢀࡘࡘ࠶ࡗࡓᗈ኱࡞㕲㐨⥙ࡀ㸪ᗘ⟶⌮ࡉࢀࡓᾏỈࢆᾏᓊ࠿ࡽ࢖ࢠࣜࢫྛᆅࡢ㒔ᕷ࡬㍺㏦ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࢆᐜ᫆࡟ࡋࡓࠋࡲࡓࡦ࡜ࡘ࡟ࡣ㸪࢞ࣛࢫ〇㐀ࡢ㐍Ṍ࡟ࡼࡾ㸪ࡼࡾ㏱᫂ᗘࡢ㧗࠸ᯈ࢞ࣛࢫࡀᕤᴗつᶍ࡛⏕⏘ࡉࢀࡿࡼ࠺࡟࡞ࡾ㸪௨๓ࡼࡾᏳ౯࡛ධᡭࡋࡸࡍࡃ࡞ࡗࡓ࡛ࠖ࠶ࡿࠋ
࢚ࡢෆᐜࡣᮏᩥ࡟ࡣぢᙜࡓࡽ࡞࠸ࠋ
ၥ5ࠕ➨ 4 ẁⴠ࡛㸪ୗ⥺㒊(A) truncated ࡟᭱ࡶព࿡ࡀ㏆࠸ࡢࡣ࢔ࠕ㹼ࢆ▱ࡽࡏࡓࠖ࢖ࠕ㹼ࢆಁ㐍ࡋࡓࠖ࢘ࠕ㹼ࢆⓏ㘓ࡋࡓ࢚ࠖࠕ㹼ࢆ▷ࡃࡋࡓࠖ

࡛࠶ࡿࠖҫָ෨਒ָ༩ඍߏϟϑΨṇゎࡣ࢚ࠋୗ⥺㒊ࢆྵࡴ 1 ᩥࡢ࠾ࡼࡑࡢព࿡ࡣࠕࣇ࢕ࢵࢩ࣭ࣗࣁ࢘ࢫࡣᙜึ㸪 aquatic vivarium ࡜ㄝ᫂ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡓࡀ㸪1854 ᖺ࡟ࢦࢵࢭࡣࡇࡢゝⴥࢆ㹼࡚㸪 aquarium ࡜࠸࠺⏝ㄒࢆసࡾฟࡋࡓ࡛ࠖ࠶ࡿࠋ
aquatic vivarium ࠿ࡽ aquarium ࡬࡜ྡ⛠ࡀኚ᭦ࡉࢀࡓࡇ࡜ࡀࢃ࠿ࡿࡢ࡛㸪࢚ࡀṇࡋ࠸࡜ண᝿࡛ࡁࡿࠋ
ၥ6ࠕ➨ 4 ẁⴠࡢ୺࡞┠ⓗࡣࡇ࡜࡛࠶ࡿࠖ

࢔ࠕึᮇࡢỈ᪘㤋࡜ࡑࡢព⩏ࢆㄝ᫂ࡍࡿࠖ

࢖ࠕࣇ࢕ࢵࢩ࣭ࣗࣁ࢘ࢫࢆゼࢀࡓேࠎࡢ⇕ពࢆࢃ࠿ࡾࡸࡍࡃㄝ᫂ࡍࡿࠖ

࢘ࠕỈ᪘㤋ࡢᵓ᝿ࡀ࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡟࢖ࢠࣜࢫ࠿ࡽ࣮ࣚࣟࢵࣃ࡟ᗈࡲࡗࡓ࠿ࢆㄝ᫂ࡍࡿࠖ

࢚ࠕᾏὒື᳜≀ࢆỈᵴࡢ୰࡛࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡟⏕ࡁࡓ≧ែ࡛⥔ᣢࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡓ࠿ࢆㄝ᫂ࡍࡿࠖ
ṇゎࡣ࢔ࠋ࢖࡛㏙࡭ࡽࢀࡓ᮶ᐈ⪅ࡢ⇕ព࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣ㸪ᮏᩥ࡟ぢᙜࡓࡽ࡞࠸ࠋ࡛࢘㏙࡭ࡽࢀࡓỈ᪘㤋ࡢᗈࡀࡾࡑࡢࡶࡢࡣ➨ 4 ẁⴠ᭱⤊ᩥ࡟☜ㄆ࡛ࡁࡿࡀ㸪ࡑࢀࡀ➨ 4 ẁⴠࡢ୺࡞┠ⓗ࡜ࡣゝ࠼࡞࠸ࠋ࢚࡛㏙࡭ࡽࢀࡓỈᵴࡢ୰࡛㣫⫱㸪⟶⌮ࡍࡿୖ࡛ࡢᕤኵ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣ㸪ྠẁⴠ➨ 5 ᩥ࡟☜ㄆ࡛ࡁࡿࡀ㸪ࡇࢀࡶ୺࡞┠ⓗ࡜ࡣุ᩿࡛ࡁ࡞࠸ࠋ➨ 4 ẁⴠ඲యࢆಠ▔ࡋ࡚ࡳࡿ࡞ࡽࡤ㸪1853 ᖺ࡟ࢦࢵࢭ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚సࡽࢀࡓࣇ࢕ࢵࢩ࣭ࣗࣁ࢘ࢫ࡜࠸࠺Ỉ᪘㤋࡟ࡘ࠸࡚㸪ࡑࡢጞࡲࡾ㸪ྡ⛠㸪ព⩏㸪ᕤኵ㸪ᙳ㡪࡞࡝ࡀ㏙࡭ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ☜ㄆ࡛ࡁࡿࠋ
ၥ7ࠕ➨ 4 ẁⴠ࡟ࡼࢀࡤ㸪ࣇ࢕ࢵࢩ࣭ࣗࣁ࢘ࢫࡣ࢔

ࠕ㛤㤋ᙜ᫬ࡣ “aquarium” ࡜⾲⌧ࡉࢀࡓࠖ࢖ࠕỈᵴ࡛ 358 ✀㢮ࡢ㨶ࢆᒎ♧ࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࠖ࢘ࠕᾏὒ⏕≀࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ேࠎࢆᩍ⫱ࡍࡿ᪉ἲ࡜࡞ࡗࡓ࢚ࠖࠕ᮶㤋⪅࡟ᾏ࡛Ὃࡄᶵ఍ࢆ୚࠼ࡓึᮇࡢỈ᪘㤋࡜ࡑࡢព⩏ࢆㄝ᫂ࡍࡿࠖࠖṇゎࡣ࢘ࠋ➨ 4 ẁⴠ➨ 4 ᩥࡀ᰿ᣐ࡜࡞ࡿࠋࡑࡢ 1 ᩥࡢព࿡ࡣࠕࡇࡢᘓ≀ࡣ㸪୍⯡኱⾗ࢆၨⵚࡍࡿᡭẁ࡜࡞ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆពᅗࡋ࡚సࡽࢀࡓࡢ࡛࠶ࡾ㸪ேࠎࡣࡑࢀࢆ฼⏝ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡛㸪Ỉ⏕⏕≀ࢆయ㦂ࡍࡿࡢ࡟ᾏࡢ୰࡟ධࡽ࡞ࡃ࡚ࡶ㸪ࡑࢀ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚Ꮫࡪࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡓ࡛ࠖ࠶ࡿࠋ
ၥ8ࠕ➨ 5 ẁⴠࡢ୺᪨ࢆ᭱ࡶࡼࡃࡲ࡜ࡵ࡚࠸ࡿࡢࡣ࡝ࡢᩥ࠿ࠖ

࢔ࠕࢦࢵࢭ࡜࣮ࣜࡣᾏὒ⏕≀ࡢᶆᮏࢆ཰㞟ࡋࡓࠖ࢖

ࠕ㍺ධࡉࢀࡓእᅜ⏘ࡢỈ⏕⏕≀✀ࡀ୍⯡ࡢேࠎ࡟ྥࡅ࡚㈍኎ࡉࢀࡓࠖ

࢘ࠕỈ᪘㤋ࡣᾏὒ⏕≀◊✲ࡢᛴ⃭࡞㧗ࡲࡾ࡟㈉⊩ࡋࡓ࢚ࠖࠕỈ᪘㤋㛤Ⓨࢆ࣮࣋ࢫ࡟ࡋ࡚ᮏࡀ᭩࠿ࢀࡓࠖṇゎࡣ࢘ࠋ➨ 5 ẁⴠ➨ 1 ᩥࡀྠẁⴠࡢ୺᪨ࢆ᭱ࡶࡼࡃ⾲ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡔࢁ࠺ࠋࡑࡢ 1 ᩥࡢព࿡ࡣࠕ19 ୡ⣖ᚋ༙࡟ࡣ㸪බඹࡢỈ᪘㤋ࡀ⛉Ꮫⓗ◊✲ࡢᣐⅬ࡜࡞ࡗࡓ࡛ࠖ࠶ࡿࠋᾏὒ⏕≀◊✲ࡀⓎᒎࡍࡿࡁࡗ࠿ࡅ࡜࡞ࡗࡓࡇ࡜ࡣ㸪ྠẁⴠ᭱⤊ 2 ᩥ࡛ࡶ☜ㄆ࡛ࡁࡿࠋࡑࢀࡽࡢព࿡ࡣࠕỈ᪘㤋ࡣ㸪ᦤ㣵㸪⦾Ṫ㸪⏕Ꮡࡢ࣓࢝ࢽࢬ࣒࡞࡝㸪ᾏὒ⏕≀ࡢ⾜ື඲⯡ࢆ◊✲ࡍࡿࡓࡵࡢไᚚࡉࢀࡓ⎔ቃ࡜࡞ࡗࡓࠋࢦࢵࢭ࡜࣮ࣜࡣ࡜ࡶ࡟㸪⮬ศࡓࡕࡢほᐹ⤖ᯝࢆヲ⣽࡟グࡋࡓᮏࢆᇳ➹ࡋ㸪㣴Ṫ㸪Ỉ㉁㸪ᾏὒಖ඲ࡢึᮇࡢヨࡳ࡞࡝㸪ࡉࡽ࡞ࡿ◊✲࡬ࡢ㐨ࢆ㛤࠸ࡓ࡛ࠖ࠶ࡿࠋ
ၥ9ࠕ
ࠕ➨ 5 ẁⴠ࡛㸪ୗ⥺㒊(B) far-flung corners ࡟᭱ࡶព࿡ࡀ㏆࠸ࡢࡣ࢔ࠕ㏆㞄ࡢᾏࠖ࢖ࠕ㥆ᰁࡳࡢ࠶ࡿᆅ༊ࠖ࢘ࠕỈ୰ࡢᒙ࢚ࠖࠕ㐲㝸ᆅᇦ࡛ࠖ࠶ࡿࠖṇゎࡣ࢚ࠋୗ⥺㒊ࢆྵࡴ 1 ᩥࡢ㸪ࡑࡢ๓ᚋࡢ࠾ࡼࡑࡢព࿡ࡣࠕ…ࢦࢵࢭ࡜࣮࣭࣮࣊ࣥࣜࣜࡢࡼ࠺࡞⛉Ꮫ⪅࡜᥈᳨ᐙ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ᑟ࠿ࢀ࡚㸪ᙼࡽࡣ㹼࠿ࡽᵝࠎ࡞✀㢮ࡢᾏὒ⏕≀ࢆ཰㞟ࡋ㸪㍺ධࡋ…ࠖ࡜࡞ࡿࠋ➨2 ẁⴠ➨ 2 ᩥ࠿ࡽ exotic species ࠕእ᮶✀ࠖࡢ㟂せࡀ㧗ࡲࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜㸪ࡑࢀ࠿ࡽୗ⥺㒊ࡢ༢ㄒࡢ୰࡟
far ࠕ㐲࠸ࠖ࡜ corners ࠕᆅᇦࠖࡀྵࡲࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜࠿ࡽ㸪࢚ࡀṇࡋ࠸࡜ண᝿࡛ࡁࡿࠋ

ҫָ෨਒ָ༩ඍߏϟϑΨၥ 10 ࠕ➨ 6 ẁⴠ࡟ࡼࢀࡤ㸪19 ୡ⣖༙ࡤࡢ⿱⚟࡞ᐙᗞࡣࠖ࢔

ࠕ࢖ࢠࣜࢫ࡟බඹࡢỈ᪘㤋ࢆᘓタࡍࡿࡇ࡜࠿ࡽ฼┈ࢆᚓ࡚࠸ࡓࠖ

࢖ࠕỈᵴࢆᡭ࡟ධࢀ࡚࠾ࡾ㸪ࡑࢀࡣ㝵⣭ࡢ㇟ᚩ࡜ࡋ࡚ぢ࡞ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡓࠖ

࢘ࠕ኱ࡁࡃ࡚᪥ࡢගࡀᙜࡓࡿᐙࢆ㸪ᾏὒ⏕≀ࢆ㣫⫱ࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟ᘓ࡚ࡓ࢚ࠖࠕᾏὒ⏕≀࡜㣴Ṫ࡟㛵ࡍࡿ◊✲࡬ࡢ㈨㔠᥼ຓࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠖṇゎࡣ࢖ࠋ➨ 6 ẁⴠ᭱⤊ᩥࡀ᰿ᣐ࡜࡞ࡿࠋࡑࡢ 1 ᩥࡢព࿡ࡣࠕⳘ኱࡞㈝⏝ࡀ࠿࠿ࡿࡇ࡜࠿ࡽ㸪Ỉᵴࢆᡤ᭷ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡣୖὶ㝵⣭ࡢᐙᗞࡔࡅࡀᴦࡋࡵࡿ㉕ἑࡔࡗࡓࠋỈ⣆ࢆᡤ᭷ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡣᆅ఩࡜᭱᪂஦᝟࡟㏻ࡌ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ⾲ࡋࡓࡢࡔ࡛ࠖ࠶ࡿࠋ࡞࠾㸪㑅ᢥ⫥࢚ࡢ aquatic culture ࡣ㏻ᖖࠕỈ⏕ᩥ໬ࠖ࡜࠸࠺ព࿡ࡔࡀ㸪௒ᅇ࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ࡣ➨ 5 ẁⴠ᭱⤊ᩥࡢ୰ࡢ aquaculture ࠕ㣴Ṫࠖࢆゝ࠸᥮࠼ࡓ⾲⌧ࡔ࡜ᛮࢃࢀࡿࠋၥ 11 ࠕ᭱⤊ẁⴠ࡟ࡼࢀࡤ㸪බඹࡢỈ᪘㤋ࡣࠖ࢔ࠕ࢖ࢠࣜࢫ୰ࡢ஺㏻ᶵ㛵ࡢⓎ㐩ࢆࡶࡓࡽࡋࡓࠖ࢖ࠕࡉࡽ࡞ࡿ◊✲࡜ፗᴦࡢྍ⬟ᛶࢆ♧ࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࠖ࢘ࠕ᮶㤋⪅࡟㸪ᾏࡣᬯࡃ࡚ㅦࡢከ࠸ሙᡤࡔ࡜ᩍ࠼ࡓ࢚ࠖࠕ1900 ᖺ㡭࠿ࡽ 1950 ᖺ࡟࠿ࡅ࡚ቑ࠼⥆ࡅࡓࠖṇゎࡣ࢖ࠋ᭱⤊ẁⴠ᭱⤊ᩥࡀ᰿ᣐ࡜࡞ࡿࠋࡑࡢ 1 ᩥࡢព࿡ࡣࠕࡑࢀࡽࡢேẼࡣ㸪ேࠎࡀᾏ୰࡟ᗈࡀࡿୡ⏺࡟ᑐࡍࡿᜍᛧ࡜ㅦࢆඞ᭹ࡍࡿࡁࡗ࠿ࡅ࡜࡞ࡗࡓࡢ࡛࠶ࡾ㸪ᑗ᮶࡟࠾࠸࡚ேࠎࡀᴦࡋࡳ࡞ࡀࡽ⛉Ꮫ࡜⮬↛ಖㆤࢆⓎᒎࡉࡏࡿᶵ఍࡜࡞ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆࡣࡗࡁࡾ♧ࡋ࡚࠸ࡓ࡛ࠖ࠶ࡿࠋ
ၥ 12 ࠕᮏᩥࡢࢱ࢖ࢺࣝ࡜ࡋ࡚᭱ࡶ㐺ษ࡞ࡶࡢࡣ࡝ࢀ࠿ࠖ
࢔ࠕ⚾ࡓࡕࡣ࠸࠿࡟ࡋ࡚ᾏὒ࡬ࡢᜍᛧࢆඞ᭹ࡋࡓࡢ࠿㸽ࠖ࢖ࠕỈ᪘㤋ᘓタ࡟࠾ࡅࡿᯈ࢞ࣛࢫࡢ౑⏝ἲࠖ࢘ࠕ㣴Ṫ㸸ᆅ⌫つᶍ࡛ࡢࡑࡢ┒⾶࢚ࠖࠕᾏὒ⏕≀ࢆ୍⯡ࡢேࠎ࡟㏆࡙ࡅࡿࠖṇゎࡣ࢚ࠋ➨ 1 ẁⴠ᭱⤊ᩥ࡛ࡣ㸪ᮏᩥ඲యࡢࢸ࣮࣐࡜࡞ࡿࠕ19 ୡ⣖࢖ࢠࣜࢫ࡟࠾ࡅࡿỈ᪘㤋ேẼࡢ㧗ࡲࡾࠖ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ゝཬࡉࢀ࡚࠾ࡾ㸪᭱⤊ẁⴠ᭱⤊ᩥ࡛ࡶ㸪ࠕ୍⯡ࡢேࠎࡢࡓࡵ࡟సࡽࢀࡓỈ᪘㤋ࡀ㸪࠿ࡘ࡚Ꮡᅾࡋࡓᾏὒ࡬ࡢᜍᛧᚰࢆ஌ࡾ㉺࠼㸪ᑗ᮶ⓗ࡟ᾏὒ⛉Ꮫ࡜ᾏὒಖ඲ࡀⓎᒎࡍࡿࡁࡗ࠿ࡅ࡜࡞ࡗࡓࡇ
࡜ࠖࡀ㏙࡭ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡇࡢෆᐜࢆᡭ▷࡟ࡲ࡜ࡵࡓࡶࡢࡀ࢚࡛࠶ࡿࠋ࢔ࡢࢱ࢖ࢺࣝ࡟ྵࡲࢀࡿࠕᾏὒ࡬ࡢᜍᛧࠖࡶ➨ 2 ẁⴠཬࡧ㸪ୖ㏙ࡢ᭱⤊ẁⴠ᭱⤊ᩥ࡟ྵࡲࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡓࡵ㸪ุ᩿࡟㏞࠺࡜ࡇࢁࡔࡀ㸪௬࡟࢔ࡀࢱ࢖ࢺࣝࡔ࡜ࡍࢀࡤ㸪ᾏὒ࡬ࡢᜍᛧࢆඞ᭹ࡍࡿ㐣⛬ࡸ㸪ᾏὒ࡬ࡢᜍᛧࢆ஌ࡾ㉺࠼ࡓ⌧≧ࡀヲࡋࡃ㏙࡭ࡽࢀ࡚࠸࡚ࡼ࠸ࡣࡎࡔ㸪࡜ண᝿࡛ࡁࡿࠋࡑࡢどⅬ࡛෌ᗘᮏᩥ඲యࢆಠ▔ࡍࡿ࡞ࡽࡤ㸪ᾏὒ࡬ࡢᜍᛧ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡢゝཬࡀୖ㏙ࡢ 2 ẁⴠࡢࡳ࡟㝈ᐃࡉࢀ࡚࠾ࡾ㸪ᮏᩥࡢ୰ᚰⓗෆᐜ࡜ࡣゝ࠸㞴࠸ࡇ࡜ࡀࢃ࠿ࡿࡔࢁ࠺ࠋၥ 13 ࠕᮏᩥ࡟ᚑࡗ࡚㸪㑅ᢥ⫥ࡢᩥࡀṇࡋࡅࢀࡤ “T” ࢆ㸪ㄗࡾ࡞ࡽࡤ “F” ࢆ࣐࣮ࢡࡋ࡞ࡉ࠸ࠖ1 ࠕ࢖ࢠࣜࢫ࡟࠾ࡅࡿᾏὒ⏕≀ࢆ㣫⫱ࡍࡿ⩦័ࡀ࢔ࢪ࢔࡟ᗈࡲࡗࡓࡢࡣ 19 ୡ⣖ࡢࡇ࡜ࡔࡗࡓࠖ
2 ࠕࣚࢼࡣ㸪ࢡࢪࣛ࡟㣗࡭ࡽࢀࡓ୰ୡࡢ⯪஌ࡾࡔࡗࡓࠖ
3 ࠕࢦࢵࢭࡣ㸪Ỉᵴෆࡢ㨶ࡀ⏕ࡁᘏࡧࡿࡢ࡟༑ศ࡞㓟⣲ࢆ౪⤥ࡍࡿ᪉ἲࡢ㛤Ⓨ࡟㈉⊩ࡋࡓࠖ4 ࠕࣇ࢕ࢵࢩ࣭ࣗࣁ࢘ࢫࡢᡂຌࡣ㸪௚ࡢᅜࠎ࡛ࡶྠᵝࡢࣉࣟࢪ࢙ࢡࢺࢆ⾜࠺ࡁࡗ࠿ࡅ࡜࡞ࡗࡓࠖ
1 ࡣ Fࠋ➨ 1 ẁⴠ➨ 2 ᩥ࡟཯ࡍࡿࠋࡑࡢ 1 ᩥࡢព࿡ࡣࠕ17 ୡ⣖ࡲ࡛࡟㸪ᮾ࢔ࢪ࢔ࡢ㨶㣫⫱ᩥ໬ࡣ࣮ࣚࣟࢵࣃ࡟฿㐩ࡋ㸪ࡑࡇ࡛㐍໬ࢆ⥆ࡅࡓ࡛ࠖ࠶ࡿࠋఏ᧛ࡢ᪉ྥࡀ㏫࡛࠶ࡾ㸪᫬௦ࡶ஦ᐇ࡟཯ࡍࡿࠋ
2 ࡣ Fࠋ➨ 2 ẁⴠ➨ 3 ᩥ࡟཯ࡍࡿࠋࡑࡢ 1 ᩥࡢព࿡ࡣࠕ⪷᭩࡟グࡉࢀࡓ⣖ඖ๓ 5 ୡ⣖ࡢ≀ㄒ࡛ࡣ㸪ࣚࢼ࡜࠸࠺⏨ࡀࢡࢪࣛ࡟㣗࡭ࡽࢀࡿ࡜࠸࠺ヰࡀᥥ࠿ࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ࡛ࠖ࠶ࡿࠋࣚࢼࡣ୰ୡࡢ⯪஌ࡾ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࠋ
3 ࡣ Tࠋ➨ 4 ẁⴠ➨ 5 ᩥࡀ᰿ᣐ࡜࡞ࡿࠋࡑࡢ 1 ᩥࡢព࿡ࡣࠕࢦࢵࢭࡣ㸪Ỉᵴෆࡢᾏὒ⏕≀ࡀ༑ศ࡞㔞ࡢ㓟⣲ࢆ྾཰ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁ㸪᳜≀ࡀ⏕⫱࡛ࡁࡿࡔࡅࡢⅣ㓟ࢆ౪⤥࡛ࡁࡿࡼ࠺࡟ࡍࡿᢏ⾡ࡢ㛤Ⓨ࡟㈉⊩ࡋࡓ࡛ࠖ࠶ࡿࠋ
4 ࡣ Tࠋ➨ 4 ẁⴠ᭱⤊ᩥࡀ᰿ᣐ࡜࡞ࡿࠋࡑࡢ 1 ᩥࡢព࿡ࡣࠕࣇ࢕ࢵࢩ࣭ࣗࣁ࢘ࢫࡣேẼࡢ⾜ᴦ┠ⓗᆅ࡜࡞ࡾ㸪ࡑࡢᵓ᝿ࡣ࣮ࣚࣟࢵࣃࡸ໭⡿ࡢ௚ࡢ㒔ᕷ࡟ࡶᗈࡲࡗࡓ࡛ࠖ࠶ࡿࠋҫָ෨਒ָ༩ඍߏϟϑΨ㸰
1.

Please listen carefully; I don’t want there (to be) any misunderstanding between us.
ࠕὀពࡋ࡚⫈࠸࡚ࡃࡔࡉ࠸ࠋ⚾ࡓࡕࡢ㛫࡟ㄗゎࡀ⏕ࡌ࡞࠸ࡼ࠺࡟ࡋࡓ࠸ࡢ࡛ࡍࠖ
ṇゎࡣ࢚ࠋ <want there to be ~> ࠕ㹼ࡀᏑᅾࡋ࡚࡯ࡋ࠸ࠖ࡜࠸࠺⾲⌧ࠋ➨ 5 ᩥᆺࡢືモ want ࡀ thereis any misunderstanding ~ ࡜࠸࠺ᩥࢆ O C ࡟⤌ࡳ㎸ࢇࡔࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ
2.

(Should) you come across a suspicious package, do not open it; instead, notify the police.
ࠕ୓୍୙ᑂ࡞ᑠໟࢆࡳࡘࡅࡓࡽ㸪㛤ᑒࡋ࡞࠸࡛㸪㆙ᐹ࡟㏻ሗࡋ࡚ࡃࡔࡉ࠸ࠖ
ṇゎࡣ࢘ࠋif ⠇ࡢ if ࢆ┬␎ࡋࡓሙྜ㸪ಽ⨨ࡀ㉳ࡇࡾຓືモࡢ should ࡀᩥ㢌࡟⨨࠿ࢀࡿࠋ3.

Linda insists that her father (be) present at tomorrow’s meeting, no matter how busy he is.
ࠕࣜࣥࢲࡣ㸪∗ぶࡀ࡝ࢇ࡞࡟ᛁࡋࡃ࡚ࡶ᫂᪥ࡢ఍㆟࡟ฟᖍࡍࡿࡼ࠺ゝ࠸ᙇࡗࡓࠖ
ṇゎࡣ࢚ࠋ <insist that S (should) do ~> ࠕS ࡀ㹼ࡍࡿࡼ࠺୺ᙇࡍࡿࠖ࡜࠸࠺⾲⌧ࠋ insist ࡢ┠ⓗㄒ࡛࠶ࡿ that ⠇ෆ࡟ should ࡀᚲせ࡛࠶ࡿࡀ㸪 should ࢆ┬␎ࡍࡿ࡜ືモࡣཎᙧ୙ᐃモ࡜࡞ࡿࠋ
4.

Work is not the only object of life, (any more) than play is.
ࠕ௙஦ࡣ㸪㐟ࡧ࡜ྠᵝ㸪ே⏕ࡢ၏୍ࡢ┠ⓗ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࠖṇゎࡣ࢚ࠋ <A is not ~ any more than B> = <A is no more ~ than B> ࠕA ࡣ B ྠᵝ㹼࡛࡞࠸㸪A ࡀ㹼࡛࡞

࠸ࡢࡣ B ࡀ㹼࡛࡞࠸ࡢ࡜ྠࡌ࡛࠶ࡿࠖ࡜࠸࠺⾲⌧ࠋ
5.

Late (as) it was, the group of climbers set out for the summit.
ࠕ㐜ࡃ࡞ࡗࡓࡀ㸪ࡑࡢⓏᒣ⪅ࡓࡕࡣᒣ㡬ࢆ┠ᣦࡋ࡚ฟⓎࡋࡓࠖṇゎࡣ࢖ࠋ <~ as S’ V’> ࠕS’ࡣ㹼ࡔࡅࢀ࡝ࡶࠖ࡜࠸࠺⾲⌧ࠋ

6.

Last month, similar accidents occurred one after another in quick (succession).
ࠕඛ᭶㸪ྠࡌࡼ࠺࡞஦ᨾࡀ❧࡚⥆ࡅ࡟㉳ࡇࡗࡓࠖṇゎࡣ࢚ࠋ <in succession> ࠕ㐃⥆ࡋ࡚ࠖ࡜࠸࠺⾲⌧ࠋ

7.

Ms. Bolin gave her speech in French, (which) was impossible for some audience members to understand.
ࠕ࣎ࣜࣥࡉࢇࡣࣇࣛࣥࢫㄒ࡛ࢫࣆ࣮ࢳࢆࡋࡓࡀ㸪୍㒊ࡢ⫈⾗࡟ࡣࡑࢀࡀ⌮ゎ࡛ࡁ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࠖ
ṇゎࡣ࢘ࠋ “her speech in French” ࠕࣇࣛࣥࢫㄒ࡛⾜ࢃࢀࡓࢫࣆ࣮ࢳࠖࢆඛ⾜モ࡜ࡍࡿ㛵ಀ௦ྡモࡢ㠀ไ㝈⏝ἲ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ
8.

Nothing he talked about regarding theoretical models at the conference was (of) any interest to today’saudience.
ࠕࡑࡢ఍㆟࡛⌮ㄽࣔࢹࣝ࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ᙼࡀヰࡋࡓࡇ࡜ࡣ㸪௒᪥ࡢ⫈⾗࡟࡜ࡗ࡚ࡣఱࡢ⯆࿡ࡶ࡞࠸ࡇ࡜ࡔࡗ

ࡓࠖṇゎࡣ࢔ࠋ <of interest> ࠕ㠃ⓑ࠸ࠖ࡜࠸࠺⾲⌧ࠋ <of + ᢳ㇟ྡモ> ࡛ᙧᐜモࡢព࿡࡟࡞ࡿࠋ
9.

Although he had made a fortune in business, he couldn’t help but (worry) about the future.
ࠕᙼࡣ஦ᴗ࡛㈈ࢆᡂࡋࡓࡀ㸪ᑗ᮶ࢆᚰ㓄ࡏࡎ࡟ࡣ࠸ࡽࢀ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࠖ
ṇゎࡣ࢘ࠋ <cannot help but do ~> ࠕ㹼ࡏࡎ࡟ࡣ࠸ࡽࢀ࡞࠸ࠖ࡜࠸࠺⾲⌧ࠋ

10.

No (sooner had he) appeared at the end of the street than his dog ran to meet him.
ࠕᙼࡀ㏻ࡾࡢ✺ࡁᙜࡾ࡟⌧ࢀࡿ࡜ࡍࡄ࡟㸪㣫࠸≟ࡀ㥑ࡅᐤࡗ࡚ࡁࡓࠖ
ṇゎࡣ࢔ࠋ <no sooner ~ than …> ࠕ㹼ࡍࡿ࡜ࡍࡄ࡟…ࠖ࡜࠸࠺⾲⌧ࠋᩥ㢌࡟ྰᐃㄒ no sooner ࡀ࠶ࡿࡓࡵಽ⨨ࡀ㉳ࡇࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋҫָ෨਒ָ༩ඍߏϟϑΨ

㸱
1.

࢚

a preliminaryࠕึࡵࡢ㸪‽ഛࡢࠖ= an initial2.

࢖

speculation

ࠕ᠈

㸪௬ㄝࠖ

= hypothesizing3.

࢔

temptationࠕㄏᝨ㸪⾪ື㸪㨩ຊࠖ= attractiveness4.

࢚consequentialࠕ㔜኱࡞㸪ᙜ↛ࡢࠖ= significant

5.

࢘

frictionࠕᦶ᧿㸪୙࿴ࠖ

= conflict6.

࢚drew attention toࠕ㹼࡟┠ࢆྥࡅࡉࡏࡓࠖ

= highlighted

7.

࢔

intuitivelyࠕ┤ほⓗ࡟ࠖ

= instinctively

8.

࢘surrenderedࠕ㝆అ㸦㝆ཧ㸧ࡋࡓࠖ= yielded9.

࢖innovationࠕ㠉᪂㸪Ⓨ᫂ࠖ

= invention

10.

࢔

ethicalࠕ೔⌮ⓗ࡞㸪㐨ᚨⓗ࡞ࠖ= moral㸪ண㸲
1. ࠕࡑࡢᑐヰ࡟ࡼࢀࡤ㸪ᑠໟ࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ṇࡋ࠸ࡢࡣ࡝ࢀ࠿ࠖṇゎࡣ࢔ࠕᑠໟ࡟ࡣࡶ࡜ࡶ࡜㸪ᙼࡽࡀ㏦ࡿࡢࢆㅉࡵࡓ≀ရࡀྵࡲࢀ࡚࠸ࡓࠖ
ࠋ3 ࡘ┠ࡢ Don ࡢⓎゝ➨
3 ᩥ “There are some credit cards and personal identification inside and almost $100 in cash here!” ࠾ࡼࡧ㸪5ࡘ┠ࡢ Postal worker ࡢⓎゝ➨ 2 ᩥ “Sorry, but we can’t send any personal identification, credit cards. orcash.” ࡼࡾ㸪2 ேࡀ㏦ࢁ࠺࡜ࡋ࡚࠸ࡓᑠໟࡢ୰ࡢ㈈ᕸ࡟ࡣ㸪㌟ศド᫂᭩㸪ࢡࣞࢪࢵࢺ࣮࢝ࢻ㸪⌧㔠ࡀධࡗ࡚࠸ࡓࡀࡑࢀࡽࡣ㏦ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁ࡞࠸ရ┠࡛࠶ࡗࡓࡇ࡜ࡀࢃ࠿ࡿࠋࡑࡋ࡚㸪4 ࡘ┠ࡢ Denise ࡢⓎゝ➨ 3 ᩥ “We’ll take the wallet home and email him about it.” ࡼࡾ㸪2 ேࡣ㈈ᕸࢆ㏦ࡽࡎ࡟ᣢࡕᖐࡗࡓࡇ࡜ࡀ
ࢃ࠿ࡿࠋ
2. ࠕࡑࡢᑐヰ࡟ࡼࢀࡤ㸪ࢪࣕࢵࢡ࣭ࢫ࣑ࢫ࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ṇࡋࡃƳƍࡢࡣḟࡢ࠺ࡕࡢ࡝ࢀ࠿ࠖṇゎࡣ࢖ࠕᙼࡣࢻࣥ࡜ࢹࢽ࣮ࢬࡢ㞠࠸୺࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠖ
ࠋ3 ࡘ┠ࡢ Don ࡢⓎゝ➨ 4 ᩥ࡟ “Jack packed thebox himself.” ࡜࠶ࡾ㸪ࡑࡢᑠໟࡢෆᐜ≀ࡢᣢࡕ୺ࡣ Jack ࡔ࡜ࢃ࠿ࡿࠋࡲࡓ 2 ࡘ┠ࡢ Don ࡢⓎゝ➨ 1 ᩥ
࡟ “No, they belong to a former employee of ours.” ࡜࠶ࡾ㸪2 ேࡀᑠໟ࡟ࡋ࡚㏦ࢁ࠺࡜ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ᭩㢮ࡀ㸪2ேࡢ఍♫ࡢ௨๓ࡢᚑᴗဨࡢࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀࢃ࠿ࡿࠋ
3. ࠕࢹࢽ࣮ࢬࡀ “racking his brain,” ࡜ゝ࠺ሙྜ㸪ᜍࡽࡃᙼዪࡣ㹝㹝㹝㹝࡜ゝ࠾࠺࡜ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠖṇゎࡣ࢚ࠕᚲṚ࡟⪃࠼࡚࠸ࡿࠖࠋୗ⥺㒊ࢆྵࡴ 3 ࡘ┠ࡢ Denise ࡢⓎゝ“He must be racking his brain

to remember where he saw it last; I’d be in a panic if I were him!” ࡢ࠾ࡼࡑࡢព࿡ࡣࠕᙼࡣ᭱ᚋ࡟㈈ᕸࢆぢࡓሙᡤࢆᛮ࠸ฟࡑ࠺࡜ࡋ࡚㹼࡟㐪࠸࡞࠸ࢃࠋ⚾࡞ࡽࣃࢽࢵࢡ࡟࡞ࡿࡅ࡝࡛ࠖ࠶ࡿࠋグ᠈ࢆࡼࡳࡀ࠼ࡽࡑ࠺࡜ࡋ࡚⾜࠺ࡇ࡜㸪࠿ࡘ⬻࡟㛵ࢃࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ㑅ᢥ⫥ࡢ୰࠿ࡽ᥈ࡍ࡜㸪࢚ࡢ thinking hard ࠕᚲṚ࡟⪃࠼ࡿࠖࡀጇᙜࡔ࡜᥎࡛ࡁࡿࠋ࡞࠾ rack ࡣࠕ㹼ࢆ↓⌮࡟ാ࠿ࡏࡿࠖ࡜࠸࠺ព࿡ࠋ

4. ࠕࡑࡢᑐヰ࡟ࡼࢀࡤ㸪㹝㹝㹝㹝ࠖṇゎࡣ࢘ࠕ㏿㐩ࡢሙྜ୍⯡࡟㐜ࡃ࡚ 5 Ⴀᴗ᪥࡛ᒆࡃࠖࠋ7 ࡘ┠ࡢ Postal worker ࡢⓎゝ➨ 2㹼4 ᩥ“Standard shipping usually takes five to ten business days and is the most affordable option. We also offer
expedited shipping. It costs more, but it gets there in half the time.” ࡼࡾ㸪㒑㏦࡟ࡣ㏻ᖖ㓄㏦࡜㏿㐩ࡀ࠶ࡾ㸪ᚋ⪅ࡣ๓⪅ࡢ༙ศࡢ᫬㛫࡛ᒆࡃ㸪ࡘࡲࡾ௒ᅇࡢሙྜࡣ㸪ᬑ㏻࡞ࡽ㐜ࡃ࡜ࡶ 10 Ⴀᴗ᪥ࡢ༙ศࡢ᪥ᩘ࡛ᒆ
ࡃࡇ࡜ࡀࢃ࠿ࡿࠋ
5. ࠕࡑࡢᑐヰ࡟ࡼࢀࡤ㸪࣑ࢩ࢙ࣝࡣ࢔ࣥࢺࢽ࢜ࡢ㹝㹝㹝㹝ࢆ᭱ࡶᚰ㓄ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠖ
ṇゎࡣ࢘ࠕᏳ඲ࠖ
ࠋ3 ࡘ┠ࡢ Michelle ࡢⓎゝ➨ 2 ᩥ “I have so many concerns about that, mostly aboutyour safety!” ࡼࡾ㸪Michelle ࡣ Antonio ࡢ㌟ࡢᏳ඲ࢆ᭱ࡶᚰ㓄ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀࢃ࠿ࡿࠋҫָ෨਒ָ༩ඍߏϟϑΨ

6. ࠕࡑࡢᑐヰ࡟ࡼࢀࡤ㸪࡞ࡐ࢔ࣥࢺࢽ࢜ࡣࢦࣝࣇࢆጞࡵࡓ࠸࡜ᛮࢃ࡞࠸ࡢ࠿ࠖṇゎࡣ࢘ࠕᙼ࡟࡜ࡗ࡚༑ศ⬚ࢆࢃࡃࢃࡃࡉࡏࡿࡼ࠺࡞ࡇ࡜࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࠖࠋ4 ࡘ┠ࡢ Antonio ࡢⓎゝ➨ 2
ᩥ࡟ “~ and Paul and Andy want me to golf with them there, but it doesn’t interest me like flying does.” ࡜࠶ࡿࠋࡘࡲࡾ Antonio ࡟࡜ࡗ࡚ࢦࣝࣇࡣ㸪㣕⾜ᶵࢆ᧯⦪ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡯࡝⯆࿡ࡀࢃ࠿࡞࠸ࡇ࡜ࡀࢃ࠿ࡿࠋ
7. ࠕࡑࡢᑐヰ࡟ࡼࢀࡤ㸪㣕⾜ᶵࢆᡤ᭷ࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟࢔ࣥࢺࢽ࢜ࡣ㹝㹝㹝㹝ࢆ♧၀ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠖṇゎࡣ࢔ࠕ㖟⾜࠿ࡽ࠾㔠ࢆ೉ࡾࡿࡇ࡜ࠖࠋ6 ࡘ┠ࡢ Antonio ࡢⓎゝ➨ 2 ᩥ࡟ “~ and we can take out abank loan if we need to.” ࡜࠶ࡿࠋࡘࡲࡾ Antonio ࡣᚲせ࡞ࡽ㖟⾜࣮ࣟࣥࢆ⤌ࡴࡘࡶࡾࡀ࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀࢃ࠿
ࡿࠋ
8. ࠕ࢔ࣥࢺࢽ࢜ࡀ “we’d have to tighten our belts,” ࡜ゝ࠺ሙྜ㸪ᜍࡽࡃᙼࡣ㹝㹝㹝㹝࡜ゝ࠾࠺࡜ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠖ
ṇゎࡣ࢖ࠕ⠇⣙ࡍࡿࠖࠋୗ⥺㒊ࢆྵࡴ 6 ࡘ┠ࡢ Antonio ࡢⓎゝ➨ 1 ᩥ“I know we’d have to tighten ourbelts, but I’m making more money now at my job.” ࡢ࠾ࡼࡑࡢព࿡ࡣࠕ㹼ࡋ࡞ࡅࢀࡤ࡞ࡽ࡞࠸ࡇ࡜ࡣࢃ࠿ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡅࢀ࡝ࡶ௒ࡣ௙஦࡛ࡶࡗ࡜✌࠸࡛ࡿࡼ࡛ࠖ࠶ࡿࠋ཰ධࡀከࡃ࡞ࡿ࡜⠇⣙ࡋ࡞ࡃ࡚ࡶࡍࡴ࡜࠸࠺㛵ಀ࡟Ẽࡀࡘࡅࡤ㸪࢖ࡢ reduce spending ࠕ⠇⣙ࡍࡿࠖࡀṇゎࡔ࡜ண᝿࡛ࡁࡿࠋࡕ࡞ࡳ࡟㸪 <tightenone’s belt> ࡣ㸪ඖࠎࠕ࣋ࣝࢺࢆ⥾ࡵࡿࠖ࡜࠸࠺ព࿡ࡔࡀ㸪࣋ࣝࢺࢆ⥾ࡵࡿ࡜✵⭡ࢆ⣮ࡽࢃࡏࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࡇ࡜࠿ࡽ㸪ࠕ⤒㈝ࢆษࡾワࡵࡿ㸪ೝ⣙ࡍࡿࠖ࡜࠸࠺ព࿡࡛ࡶ⏝࠸ࡽࢀࡿࠋ㸳ၥ1 ࢔ࠕࢫࢺ࢔ὴࡢᛮ᝿࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࠖࠋෑ㢌࡟ 4 ࡀ⨨࠿ࢀ࡚㸪ࠕ⣖ඖ๓ 3 ୡ⣖࡟㉳※ࢆᣢࡘࢫࢺ࢔ὴࡣ㸪ෆ㠃ࡢᖹ✜࡜᭷ព࿡࡞ே⏕ࢆ㏦ࡿ࡟㝿ࡋ࡚㸪⌮ᛶ࡜ᚨࢆ㔜どࡍࡿဴᏛࡢᏛὴࡢ୍ࡘ࡛࠶ࡿࠖ࡜㏙࡭ࡽࢀࡿࠋ⥆ࡃ㑅ᢥ⫥࡜ࡋ࡚ࡣ㸪2 ࡜ 3 ࡢ㛵ಀࢆ⪃࠼ࡿ࡜ࡼ࠸ࠋ2 ࡢෆᐜࡣࠕࢫࢺ࢔ὴࡢேࠎࡣ㸪୓≀ࡢ┦஫ࡢ⤖ࡧࡘࡁ࡜ேࡀ⮬↛࡜ㄪ࿴ࡋ࡚⏕ࡁࡿࡼ࠺ດࡵࡿ࡭ࡁ࡛࠶ࡿ࡜࠸࠺⪃࠼ࡶಙࡌ࡚࠸ࡿࠖ࡜࡞ࡿࡀ㸪ࡇࡢ 2 ࡢᚋẁ࡛㏙࡭ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠕ⮬↛࡜ࡢㄪ࿴ࠖࢆ࠺ࡅ࡚㸪3 ࡢ “This emphasis on nature” ࡢㄒྃࡀ࠶ࡿ࡜⪃࠼
ࡿࠋ3 ࡢෆᐜࡣࠕ⮬↛ࢆࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡟㔜どࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡣ㸪እⓗ࡞≧ἣ࡟㥑ࡾ❧࡚ࡽࢀࡿࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃࡴࡋࢁேࡢ౯್ほࡸ⌮᝿࡜ㄪ࿴ࡋ࡚⏕ࡁࡿࡇ࡜ࡶព࿡ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠖ࡜࡞ࡾ㸪ࡇࢀ࡛ 2 Ѝ 3 ࡢ᥋⥆ࡀ☜ಖࡉࢀࡿࠋ
ࢫࢺ࢔ὴࡢேࡓࡕࡀ࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡞ࡇ࡜ࢆᥦၐࡋࡓࡢ࠿ࡢㄝ᫂ࢆ⾜࠺ 1 ࡣ㸪4 ࡢ┤ᚋ࡟⨨ࡃ࡜ࡼ࠸ࠋࡑࡢෆᐜࡣ㸪ࠕࢫࢺ࢔ὴࡢேࡓࡕࡀゝ࠺࡟ࡣ㸪ேࡣ⮬ศ⮬㌟ࡀไᚚ࡛ࡁࡿ⠊ᅖෆ࡟࠶ࡿࡶࡢ࡟ព㆑ࢆྥࡅࡿ࡭ࡁ࡛࠶ࡾ㸪⮬ศࡀไᚚ࡛ࡁ࡞࠸ࡶࡢࡣ෭㟼࡟ཷࡅධࢀࡿ࡭ࡁ࡛࠶ࡿ࡛ࠖ࠶ࡿࠋࡼࡗ࡚㸪4 Ѝ 1 Ѝ 2 Ѝ3 ࡀṇゎࠋ
ၥ2 ࢖ࠕᏱᐂࡢᬯ㯮≀㉁ࠖ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࠋෑ㢌࡟ 1 ࡀ⨨࠿ࢀ࡚㸪ᬯ㯮≀㉁ࡢᐃ⩏ࡀ࡞ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡑࡢព࿡ࡣࠕᬯ㯮≀㉁ࡣ㸪Ᏹᐂࡢ≀㉁ࡢ⣙ 85%ࢆᵓᡂࡍࡿ࡜ಙࡌࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ௬ㄝୖࡢ≀㉁࡛࠶ࡿࠖ࡜࡞ࡿࠋḟ࡟ 2
ࡢ “Despite this” ࡟ὀ┠ࡍࡿࠋ2 ࡢព࿡ࡣ㸪ࠕࡇࢀ࡟ࡶ࠿࠿ࢃࡽࡎ㸪ࡑࢀࡣ㸪ᜏᫍࡸ㖟Ἑ࡜࠸ࡗࡓ┠࡟ぢ࠼ࡿ≀㉁࡟ࡑࢀࡀཬࡰࡍ㔜ຊ࡟ࡼࡿᙳ㡪࡟ᇶ࡙࠸࡚㸪Ꮡᅾࡍࡿ࡜᥎

ࡉࢀࡿ࡛ࠖ࠶ࡿࠋࡇࡢ this ࡢෆᐜࢆ⾲ࡍࡢࡀ㸪ᬯ㯮≀㉁ࡀᏑᅾࡍࡿ࡜ࡣࡗࡁࡾゝ࠼࡞࠸஦ᐇࡢᣦ᦬࡛࠶ࡿ࡜⪃࠼㸪ࡑࡢ஦ᐇࢆㄝ᫂ࡋ࡚࠸
ࡿ 3 ࢆ☜ㄆࡍࡿࠋ3 ࡢෆᐜࡣࠕ㏻ᖖࡢ≀㉁࡜␗࡞ࡗ࡚㸪ᬯ㯮≀㉁ࡣගࡸ௚ࡢ㟁☢ᨺᑕ⥺࡜┦஫స⏝ࡏࡎ㸪ࡑࡢࡏ࠸࡛ᬯ㯮≀㉁ࡣᮃ㐲㙾ࡸࡑࡢ௚ࡢჾල࡛ࡣぢ࠼࡞࠸ࡢ࡛࠶ࡿ࡛ࠖ࠶ࡿࠋࡼࡗ࡚㸪3 ࢆ 2 ࡢ๓࡟⨨ࡃ࡜ࡼ࠸ࠋࡑࡢୖ࡛㸪ᬯ㯮≀㉁ࡢṇయࢆ✺ࡁṆࡵࡼ࠺࡜ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ⛉Ꮫ⪅ࡢㄝ᫂ࡀ⥆ࡃ࡜⪃࠼ࢀࡤࡼ࠸ࡢ࡛㸪2 ࡢᚋ࡟ 4 ࢆ⨨ࡃࠋ4 ࡢෆᐜࡣ㸪ࠕ⛉Ꮫ⪅ࡣ㸪࠸ࡃࡘ࠿ࡢ௬ㄝࢆᥦ㉳ࡋ࡚㸪WIMPs (ᚤᙅ࡞┦஫స⏝ࢆ⾜࠺㔜࠸⢏Ꮚ)ࡸ࢔ࢡࢩ࢜ࣥࢆྵࡵࡓ㸪ᬯ㯮≀㉁ࡢᛶ㉁ࢆㄝ᫂ࡋ࡚ࡁࡓ࡛ࠖ࠶ࡿࠋࡼࡗ࡚㸪1 Ѝ
3 Ѝ 2 Ѝ 4 ࡀṇゎࠋҫָ෨਒ָ༩ඍߏϟϑΨၥ3 ࢔ࠕぶ཭ࡢ⏬ᐙࡢ㑇సᒎࢆࣔࢳ࣮ࣇ࡜ࡋࡓ࣒ࢯࣝࢢࢫ࣮࢟ࡢ㡢ᴦసရࠖ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࠋෑ㢌࡟ 3 ࡀ⨨࠿ࢀ࡚㸪ࠕࣔࢹࢫࢺ࣭࣒ࢯࣝࢢࢫ࣮࢟ (1839-1881)ࡣ㸪ࡦࡻࡗ࡜ࡍࡿ࡜ࣆ࢔ࣀ⤌᭤ࠗᒎぴ఍ࡢ⤮࡛࠘ࡶࡗ࡜ࡶ᭷ྡ࡛࠶ࡿ࠿ࡶࡋࢀ࡞࠸ࣟࢩ࢔ேࡢస᭤ᐙ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠖ࡜㏙࡭ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ⥆ࡃ㑅ᢥ⫥ࡣ 2 ࠿ 1 ࡜࡞ࡿࡀ㸪2 ࡢ “this musical work” ࡀ㸪3 ࡢ “his piano suite Pictures at an Exhibition” ࢆᣦࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜࡜ 1 ࡢ“the paintings” ࡀ 2 ࡢ “a different painting” ࢆ࠺ࡅ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡿ࡜㸪3 Ѝ 2 ࡢ㡰࡟࡞ࡾ㸪2 Ѝ 1 ࡢ㡰ᗎ࡟࡞ࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ2 ࡢព࿡ࡣࠕࡇࡢ㡢ᴦసရࡣ㸪1874 ᖺ࡟᭩࠿ࢀ࡚㸪10 ࡢᅛ᭷ࡢ୺㢟࠿ࡽ࡞ࡗ࡚࠾ࡾ㸪ࡑࡢ୍ࡘ୍ࡘࡀ␗࡞ࡗࡓ⤮⏬ࢆ⾲ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠖ࡜࡞ࡿࠋࡑࡋ࡚㸪1 ࡢព࿡ࡣࠕࡑࢀࡽࡢ⤮⏬ࡣ㸪࣒ࢯࣝࢢࢫ࣮࢟ࡢぶ཭ࡢ⏬ᐙࡢࣦ࢕ࢡࢺ࣭ࣝࣁࣝࢺ࣐ࣥ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ᥥ࠿ࢀࡓ࡛ࠖ࠶ࡿࠋࡼࡗ࡚㸪3 Ѝ 2
Ѝ 1 Ѝ 4 ࡀṇゎࠋ
ၥ4 ࢚ࠕ࢝ࣔࣀࣁࢩࡢ⏕ែࠖ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࠋෑ㢌࡟ 2 ࡀ⨨࠿ࢀ࡚ࠕ࢔ࣄࣝ࡜ࣅ࣮ࣂ࣮࡜࢝࣡࢘ࢯࡢ஺㓄✀ࡢࡼ࠺࡞ጼࢆࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡓࡵ㸪࢝ࣔࣀࣁࢩࡣ☜ᐇ࡟㸪⊂≉࡞ື≀࡛࠶ࡿ࡜࠸ࢃࢀࡿ㈨᱁ࡣ࠶ࡿࠖ࡜㏙࡭ࡽࢀ࡚࠸
ࡿࠋ⥆ࡃ㑅ᢥ⫥ࡀ 1 ࡜ 4 ࡜࡞ࡿࡀ㸪 “the platypus” ࢆཷࡅࡓ it ࠿ࡽጞࡲࡿ 4 ࢆ 2 ࡢᚋ࡟⥆ࡅࡿ࡜ࡼ࠸ࠋ
4 ࡢព࿡ࡣࠕࡑࢀࡣ࣮࢜ࢫࢺࣛࣜ࢔࡛Ⓨぢࡉࢀࡓ့ஙື≀࡛࠶ࡿࡀ㸪࡯࡜ࢇ࡝ࡢ့ஙື≀࡜㐪ࡗ࡚㸪⏕ࡁ࡚࠸ࡿᏊ࡝ࡶࢆ⏘ࡴࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃ㸪༸ࢆ⏘ࡴࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠖ࡜࡞ࡿࠋࡉࡽ࡟㸪1 ࡢ “this poisonous substance”
ࡀ 3 ࡢ “venom” ࠕẘࠖࡢゝ࠸᥮࠼࡛࠶ࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡿ࡜㸪3 Ѝ 1 ࡢ㡰࡟࡞ࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ3 ࡢព࿡ࡣ㸪ࠕࡑࢀࡣ㸪⮬ࡽࢆẘ࡛㜵ᚚࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡢ࡛ࡁࡿࡵࡎࡽࡋ࠸့ஙື≀✀ࡢ୍ࡘ࡛ࡶ࠶ࡿࠖ࡜࡞ࡾ㸪1 ࡢព࿡ࡣࠕࡇࡢ᭷ẘ≀㉁ࡣ㸪࢜ࢫࡢࡳฟࡍࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࡀ㸪ࣄࢺ࡟࡜ࡗ࡚ࡣ㠀ᖖ࡟③ࡳࢆక࠺ࡶࡢࡢṚ࡟⮳ࡿࡶࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࡜ゝࢃࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ࡛ࠖ࠶ࡿࠋࡼࡗ࡚㸪2 Ѝ 4 Ѝ 3 Ѝ 1 ࡀṇゎࠋ㸴(1) ࢚ࠕ᭱኱ࡢࠖ

✵ᡤ(1)ࢆྵࡴ 1 ᩥࡢ࠾ࡼࡑࡢព࿡ࡣࠕࢢࣛࣇࡣ㸪Flash Food Store ࡣࡇࡢᮇ㛫ࡢ᭱ึࡢ 8 ᖺ㛫࡛ࡣࡑࡢ⏫࡛㹼ࡢᩘࡢᗑࢆᣢࡗ࡚࠸ࡓ࡛ࠖ࠶ࡿࠋᢡࢀ⥺ࢢࣛࣇ࠿ࡽ Flash Food Store ♫ࡢᗑ⯒ᩘࡣ᭱ึࡢ 8 ᖺ㛫࡛ࡣ㸪ࢥࣥࣅࢽࢳ࢙࣮ࣥ඲ 4 ♫୰୍㈏ࡋ࡚᭱኱࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀࢃ࠿ࡾ㸪 “the highest” ࢆ㑅ᢥࡍࡿࠋ(2) ࢚

ࠕ150 ௨ୖࠖ

✵ᡤ(2)ࢆྵࡴ 1 ᩥࡢ࠾ࡼࡑࡢព࿡ࡣ㸪
ࠕ2010 ᖺ࠿ࡽ 2015 ᖺࡲ࡛࡛ࡑࢀࡀ᭷ࡍࡿᗑ⯒ࡢྜィᩘ࡟㐪࠸ࡣ㹼ࡔࡗࡓ࡛ࠖ࠶ࡿࠋᩥ୰ࡢ it ࡣ Flash Food Store ♫ࢆᣦࡍࡢ࡛㸪ࡑࡢᢡࢀ⥺ࢢࣛࣇࡢ᥎⛣ࢆ☜ㄆࡍࡿ࡜㸪2010 ᖺࡢᗑ⯒ᩘ 100 ࡟ᑐࡋ࡚㸪2015 ᖺࡢᗑ⯒ᩘࡣ 250 ࢆ㉸࠼࡚࠸ࡿࡓࡵ㸪ࡑࡢᕪࡣ 150 ࡼࡾࡶ኱ࡁ࠸࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋࡼࡗ࡚㸪 “more than 150” ࢆ㑅ᢥࡍࡿࠋ(3) ࢔ࠕࡸࡵࡓࠖ

✵ᡤ(3)ࢆྵࡴ 1 ᩥࡢ࠾ࡼࡑࡢព࿡ࡣ㸪
ࠕHoliday Foods ࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ࡣ㸪2016 ᖺ࡟఍♫ࡀ᧯ᴗࢆ㹼࡛ࠖ࠶ࡿࠋ Holiday Foods ♫ࡢᗑ⯒ᩘࢆ⾲ࡍᢡࢀ⥺ࢢࣛࣇࢆ☜ㄆࡍࡿ࡜㸪2016 ᖺ࡟ 0 ࡟࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡢࡀࢃ࠿
ࡿࠋࡇࡇ࠿ࡽ㸪Holiday Foods ♫ࡣࡇࡢ⏫࠿ࡽ᧔㏥ࡋࡓࡇ࡜ࡀࢃ࠿ࡿࡓࡵ㸪ࠕႠᴗࢆ೵Ṇࡋࡓࠖ࡜ࡢព࿡
࡟࡞ࡿࠋࡼࡗ࡚㸪 ceased ࢆ㑅ᢥࡍࡿࠋ(4) ࢚ࠕ2018ࠖ✵ᡤ(4)ࢆྵࡴ 1 ᩥࡢ࠾ࡼࡑࡢព࿡ࡣ㸪ࠕࡇࡢᆅᇦࡢ᭱ึࡢ Mini Emporium ࡀ 2013 ᖺ࡟㛤ᗑࡋࡓᚋ㸪
Mini Emporium ࡢᗑ⯒ᩘࡣẖᖺቑຍࡋ㸪㹼࡟ Flash Food Stores ࡢᩘࢆୖᅇࡗࡓ࡛ࠖ࠶ࡿࠋᢡࢀ⥺ࢢࣛࣇ࠿ࡽ㸪Mini Emporium ♫ࡀ Flash Food Store ♫ࢆୖᅇࡗࡓࡢࡣ 2018 ᖺ࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀࢃ࠿ࡿࠋҫָ෨਒ָ༩ඍߏϟϑΨ㸵(1) “However, while this new technology can comb through a trillion words in a matter of seconds, ~”ࠕࡋ࠿ࡋ࡞ࡀࡽ㸪ࡇࡢ᪂ࡋ࠸ᢏ⾡ࡣ㸪1 ඙ಶࡢ༢ㄒࢆ࡯ࢇࡢᩘ⛊࡛ゎᯒࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿ୍᪉࡛㸪㹼ࠖ
comb through ~ࠕ㹼ࢆࡶࢀ࡞ࡃㄪ࡭ୖࡆࡿ㸪㸦ࢹ࣮ࢱࢆ㸧ゎᯒࡍࡿࠖa trillion words

ࠕ1 ඙ಶࡢ༢ㄒࠖin a matter of secondsࠕ࡯ࢇࡢᩘ⛊࡛ࠖ“~, it sometimes stumbles over questions that could be answered correctly even by a human child.”ࠕ㹼ࡑࢀࡣே㛫ࡢᏊ࡝ࡶ࡛ࡶṇ☜࡟⟅࠼ࡽࢀࡿ࡛࠶ࢁ࠺ၥ࠸࡟ࡘࡲࡎࡃࡇ࡜ࡶ࠶ࡿࠖ

(2)

stumble over ~ࠕ㹼࡟ࡘࡲࡎࡃ㸪㹼ࡋᦆ࡞࠺ࠖ

~ could be answeredࠕ㹼ࡣ⟅࠼ࡽࢀࡿ࡛࠶ࢁ࠺ࠖ

“For all its skills in analyzing and summarizing vast quantities of information, ~”ࠕ⭾኱࡞㔞ࡢ᝟ሗࢆศᯒࡋ㸪ࡲ࡜ࡵࡿ⬟ຊࡀ࠶ࡿ࡟ࡶ࠿࠿ࢃࡽࡎ㹼㸪ࠖ
for all ~ࠕ㹼࡟ࡶ࠿࠿ࢃࡽࡎࠖ

(despite ࡜ྠ⩏)skills in doingࠕ㹼ࡍࡿᢏ⾡㸪ࢫ࢟ࣝ㸪⬟ຊࠖ

analyzeࠕ㹼ࢆศᯒࡍࡿࠖ

summarizeࠕ㹼ࢆࡲ࡜ࡵࡿ㸪せ⣙ࡍࡿ㸪ᡭ▷࡟㏙࡭ࡿࠖ

a vast quantities of information ࠕ኱㔞ࡢ㸪⭾኱࡞㔞ࡢ᝟ሗࠖ“~, it is clear that artificial intelligence has yet to compensate for its lack of real-world experience and basic
common sense.”ࠕேᕤ▱⬟ࡣ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟㸪ࡑࡢ⌧ᐇୡ⏺࡟࠾ࡅࡿ⤒㦂࡜ᇶᮏⓗᖖ㆑ࡢḞⴠࢆᇙࡵྜࢃࡍࡇ࡜ࡀᮍࡔ࡟࡛ࡁ࡚࠸࡞࠸ࡢࡔࠋ
ࠖ
it is clear that ~ࠕ㹼࡞ࡢࡣ᫂ࡽ࠿ࡔ㸪᫂ࡽ࠿࡟㹼ࠖ

have yet to ~ࠕᮍࡔ㹼࡛ࡁ࡞࠸ࠖ

compensate for ~ࠕ㹼ࢆ⿵࠺㸪ᇙࡵྜࢃࡏࡿࠖ

real worldࠕ⌧ᐇୡ⏺㸪ᐇୡ⏺ࠖ

basic common senseࠕᇶᮏⓗᖖ㆑ࠖ㸶(1) ࠕῐỈ㨶ࠖ

freshwater fish㸦3 ⾜┠㸪4 ⾜┠㸪኱ၥ 1 ၥ 4 ࡞࡝㸧ࠕ㹼ࡋࡸࡍ࠸ࠖ

be easy to do ~ࠕ㹼ࢆ㔮ࡿࠖ

fish ~ / catch ~ࠕᰤ㣴౯ࡀ㧗࠸ࠖbe nutritious / have (a) high nutritional value / have (a) nutritive valueࠕࡼࡃⅆࡀ㏻ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠖ

be heated well / be well cooked 㸦1 ⾜┠㸪5 ⾜┠㸪7 ⾜┠࡞࡝㸧ࠕ㹼࡞ࢀࡅࡤࠖ

if not ~ / unless ~ࠕᐤ⏕⹸ឤᰁࠖ

parasitic infection / infection with parasitesࠕ⣽⳦ឤᰁࠖ

bacterial infectionࠕ㹼ࡢ༴㝤ࢆక࠺ࠖhave the risk of ~ / involve the risk of ~ / pose a risk of ~ / be accompanied by
the risk of ~(2) ࠕึᮇே㢮ࠖ

early humans / early mankindࠕ㣗⏕άࡢኚ໬ࠖ

changes in the diet / changes in food life / changes in eating habitsࠕ⭠ࡢ⦰ᑠࠖ

shrinking of the intestine / shortened intestines / intestinal shrinkageࠕࡑࢀ࡟కࡗࡓ㹼ࠖ~ with it / ensuing ~ / accompanied by ~ࠕ⬻ࡢᡂ㛗ࠖ

growth of the brain / brain growth / development of the brainࠕ㹼ࢆᘬࡁ㉳ࡇࡍࠖ

cause / lead to ~ / result in ~ / bring about ~ / give rise to ~ҫָ෨਒ָ༩ඍߏϟϑΨࠕ⬻ࡢᡂ㛗ࠖgrowth of the brain / brain growth / development of the brainࠕ㐍໬ࡢ㌿ᶵ࡜࡞ࡿࠖ

be an evolutionary turning point / cause an evolutionary turning point / be aturning point in (the) evolution / make a turning point in (the) evolutionࠕ㹼ࡋࡓ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠖ be thought to have doneㅮホ㸯㹙㛗ᩥෆᐜ୍⮴㹛 㸦ᶆ‽㸧ࠕỈ᪘㤋ࡢṔྐࠖ࡟㛵ࡍࡿⱥᩥࠋᮏᩥ࡟᰿ᣐࢆぢࡘࡅࡿࢱ࢖ࣉࡢၥ㢟ࡣゎࡁࡸࡍ࠸ࡀ㸪せ⣙ⓗ࡞タၥࡣ⟅࠼ࢆ㑅ࡧ࡟ࡃ࠸ࠋ㸰㹙ᩥἲᅄᢥ㹛㸦ࡸࡸ᫆㸧 ඾ᆺⓗ࡞ฟ㢟ෆᐜ࡛㸪ࡋࡗ࠿ࡾ࡜Ꮫ⩦ࡋ࡚࠸ࢀࡤᚓⅬࡋࡸࡍ࠸ࠋ㸱㹙ྠ⩏ㄒ㑅ᢥ㹛㸦ᶆ‽㸧㸲㹙఍ヰ㹛㸦ࡸࡸ᫆㸧 ๓༙ࡣࠕ㒑౽ᒁဨ࡜ᐈ࡜ࡢᑠໟࡢ㒑㏦つᐃ࡟㛵ࡍࡿ఍ヰࠖࠋᚋ༙ࡣࠕ㣕⾜ཷ㦂ࣞ࣋ࣝࢆ㉸࠼ࡿࡼ࠺࡞㞴ࡋ࠸༢ㄒࡣ࡞ࡃ㸪ṇゎࢆ㑅ࡧࡸࡍ࠸ࠋᶵࡢචチࢆྲྀࡿ࡜ゝ࠸ฟࡋࡓኵ࡜ࡑࡢጔ࡜ࡢ఍ヰࠖࠋྛタၥࡢ㑅ᢥ⫥ࡣṇㄗࡢุ᩿ࢆࡘࡅࡸࡍ࠸ࡶࡢࡀከ࠸ࠋ㸳㹙ᩥᩚᗎ㹛㸦ᶆ‽㸧ᣦ♧ㄒࡸ௦ྡモࢆᇶ‽࡟ࡋุ࡚᩿࡛ࡁࡿタၥࡀከ࠸ࡀ㸪ⱥᩥෆᐜࡣཷ㦂⏕㸴㹙ᅗ࣭ࢢࣛࣇ㹛㸦᫆㸧ࢹ࣮ࢱࢆṇ☜࡟ㄞࡳྲྀࡿຊࢆヨࡍၥ㢟ࡔࡀ㸪≉࡟㞴ࡋࡉࡣ࡞࠸ࠋ㸵㹙࿴ヂ㹛㸦ᶆ‽㸧ࠕ᪂ࡋ࠸ᢏ⾡࡛࠶ࡿ AI ࡟Ḟࡅ࡚࠸ࡿࡶࡢࠖ࡟㛵ࡍࡿⱥᩥࠋ୍㒊㞴ࡋ࠸༢࡟࡜ࡗ࡚࡞ࡌࡳࡢ࡞࠸ࡶࡢࡀከ࠸ࠋㄒࡶྵࡲࢀࡿࡀ᥎㸶㹙ⱥヂ㹛ࡣᐜ࡛᫆㸪඲య࡜ࡋ࡚ࡣᵓ㐀㏻ࡾ⣲┤࡟ヂࡏࡿࠋ㸦ࡸࡸ㞴㸧 ࠕࣚࣝࢲࣥᕝ௜㏆࡛Ⓨぢࡉࢀࡓ㨶ࡢṑࡀୡ⏺᭱ྂࡢㄪ⌮ࡢドᣐ࡜࡞ࡿࡇ࡜ࠖ࡟㛵ࡍࡿⱥᩥࠋయࡢ㒊఩ࡸ་Ꮫ⣔༢ㄒ࡟㛵ࡍࡿ▱㆑ࡀᚲせ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ኱ၥᵓᡂ㸪ၥ㢟㔞ࡣ౛ᖺ୪ࡳ࡛㸪኱ၥ 8 ࡀࡸࡸ㞴໬ࡋࡓࡶࡢࡢ㸪ྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳ᫆࠸኱ၥࡀከ࠸ࠋ┠ᶆࡣ 75%

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医学部後期模試 医学部後期入試
2/16 近畿大学医学部
ガイダンス
詳しくはこちら（金）

2/19

詳しくはこちら2/4

金沢医科大学（月）

14:00〜14:30(日) 大阪梅田ツインタワーズ・ノース

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0120-146-156

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【受付時間】9：00〜21：00（土日祝可）

大阪府大阪市中央区石町 2‑3‑12 ベルヴォア天満橋
天満橋駅（京阪/ 大阪メトロ谷町線）
より徒歩3 分