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近畿大学医学部（推薦） 英語2023年11月19日実施

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఍ヰᩥ
[A]1㸬࢖㸬 I got mine a scarf with her initials on it last time.
ࠕ๓ᅇࡣ⮬ศࡢ࣮࢞ࣝࣇࣞࣥࢻ࡟ᙼዪࡢ࢖ࢽࢩࣕࣝධࡾࡢࢫ࣮࢝ࣇࢆ࠶ࡆࡓࢇࡔࠖ✵ᡤࡢ┤ᚋࡢ B ࡢⓎゝࡢ “I didn’t get any complaints!” ࠕហ⑵ࡣ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࠖ࠾ࡼࡧࡑࡢḟࡢ B ࡢⓎゝࡢ “The gift store on Market Street offers that kind of personalization,~” ࠕMarket Street ࡟࠶ࡿࢠࣇࢺ
ࢩࣙࢵࣉࡣࡑࡢࡼ࠺࡞ྡ๓ධࡾࡢࡶࡢࢆᥦ౪ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠖ࠿ࡽ㸪B ࡣ᫖ᖺࡢㄌ⏕᪥࡟ྡ๓ධࡾࣉࣞ
ࢮࣥࢺࢆΏࡋࡓࡇ࡜ࡀࢃ࠿ࡿࠋ࡞࠾㸪 personalization ࡣ <personalize O> ࠕO ࡟ྡ๓ࢆධࢀࡿࠖ࡜࠸࠺ព࿡ࡢືモࡢྡモᙧ࡛࠶ࡿࠋṧࡾࡢ㑅ᢥ⫥ࡢព࿡ࡣ௨ୗࡢ㏻ࡾࠋ࢔㸬ࠕ⚾ࡣ᫖ᖺጒ࡟ࢠࣇࢺๆࢆΏࡍࡇ࡜࡟Ỵࡵࡓࠖ࢘㸬ࠕ௒ᖺࡣ㸪⚾ࡣ࣮࢞ࣝࣇࣞࣥࢻ࡟ⰼ᮰ࢆΏࡋࡓࠖ
࢚㸬ࠕᙼዪࡢ୍␒ዲࡁ࡞Ⰽࡢ᭹ࢆ㈙ࡗ࡚࠶ࡆ࡚ࡶ࠸࠸࠿ࡶࡋࢀ࡞࠸ࠖ
2㸬࢔㸬 I noticed the other day that they’re having a sale.
ࠕࡑࡢᗑ࡛ࢭ࣮ࣝࡀ⾜ࢃࢀ࡚ࡿ࡜㸪ࡇࡢ๓Ẽࡀ௜࠸ࡓࢇࡔࠖḟࡢ B ࡢⓎゝ࡟ “It only happens once every six months or so.” ࠕࡑࢀࡣ 6 ࢝᭶࠿ࡑࢀࡃࡽ࠸࡟୍ᗘࡋ࠿㛤࠿ࢀ࡞࠸ࠖ࡜࠶ࡿ࠿ࡽ㸪✵ᡤ࡟ࡣࡑࡢෆᐜ࡟㛵ࡍࡿฟ᮶஦ࡀ᭩࠿ࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜ุ᩿࡛ࡁࡿࠋṧࡾࡢ㑅ᢥ⫥ࡢព࿡ࡣ௨ୗࡢ㏻ࡾࠋ࢖㸬ࠕ࠸ࡃࡘ࠿㈙ࡗࡓࡅࢀ࡝኱ࡋ࡚ฟ㈝ࡏࡎ࡟῭ࢇࡔࠖ࢘㸬ࠕ౯᱁ࡣ኎ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ≀ࡢရ㉁ࡢ๭࡟࠾ᡭ㡭ࡔࠖҫָ෨਒ָ༩ඍߏϟϑΨ࢚㸬ࠕࡑࢀࡽࡣ࠾㔠ࡢ๭࡟≉࡟ඃࢀࡓ౯್ࡀ࠶ࡿࢃࡅ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࡅࢀ࡝ࠖ3㸬࢖㸬 I might take the bus into town later to check.
ࠕ൅ࡣ࠶࡜࡛ࣂࢫ࡟஌ࡗ࡚⾤࡟ฟ࡚㸪ࢳ࢙ࢵࢡࡍࡿ࡜ᛮ࠺ࡼࠖ✵ᡤࡢḟࡢ A ࡢⓎゝ࠿ࡽᚅࡕྜࢃࡏࡢሙᡤ࡜᫬㛫ࡀࢃ࠿ࡾ㸪ࡑࡢ┤ᚋࡢ “It leaves from across theroad.” ࠕࡑࢀࡣ㐨ࡢྥ࠿࠸ഃ࠿ࡽฟࡿࠖࡼࡾ㸪✵ᡤ࡟ࡣ it ࡢᣦ♧ෆᐜ࡟ࡩࡉࢃࡋ࠸ㄒࡀྵࡲࢀࡿ
ࡇ࡜ࡀࢃ࠿ࡿࠋṧࡾࡢ㑅ᢥ⫥ࡢព࿡ࡣ௨ୗࡢ㏻ࡾࠋ࢔㸬ࠕኳẼࡀ࡜࡚ࡶⰋ࠸ࡢ࡛௒᪥ࡣࡑࡇࡲ࡛⮬㌿㌴࡛⾜ࡃ࠿ࡶࡋࢀ࡞࠸ࠖ
࢘㸬ࠕ௒᪥ࡣ࠾ࡑࡽࡃẕぶࡢ㌴ࢆ೉ࡾ࡚⾜ࡃ࢚ࠖ㸬ࠕ௒᪥ࡢ༗ᚋ࡟࠾ࡑࡽࡃ㟁㌴࡛ࡑࡇ࡟⾜ࡃࠖ[B]
4㸬࢔㸬 I agree with you that it was the perfect location.
ࠕ᏶⎍࡞ࣟࢣ࣮ࢩࣙࣥࡔࡗࡓ࡜࠸࠺ࡢࡣ࠶࡞ࡓ࡜ྠពぢࡔࢃࠖ✵ᡤࡢ┤๓ࡢ B ࡢⓎゝ㸪ࡑࡋ࡚✵ᡤ┤ᚋࡢ A ࡢⓎゝ “But didn’t we think it seemed a little overpriced?”ࠕ࡛ࡶࡑࡇࡣᑡࡋ㧗ࡍࡂࡿࡼ࠺࡟ࡣᛮࢃ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࠖ࠿ࡽ㸪B ࡣ࣍ࢸࣝࡢ❧ᆅ࡟ࡣ‶㊊ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡀ౯᱁ࡀ㧗࠸ࡇ࡜ࢆẼ࡟࠿ࡅ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀࢃ࠿ࡿࠋṧࡾࡢ㑅ᢥ⫥ࡢព࿡ࡣ௨ୗࡢ㏻ࡾࠋ࢖㸬ࠕࡑࢀ࡟࠿࠿ࡗࡓࢥࢫࢺ࠿ࡽࡍࢀࡤ⏦ࡋศ࡞࠿ࡗࡓ࡜ᛮ࠺ࠖ࢘㸬ࠕࡑࡇ࡟ᐟἩࡋࡓࡇ࡜ࡀ࡞࠸ࡓࡵ㸪⚾࡟ࡣఱ࡜ࡶゝ࠼࡞࠸࢚ࠖ㸬ࠕ࠼࠼㸪⚾ࡢẕࡣࡑࡇ࡟ࡣ≉࡟‶㊊࠸ࡗ࡚࠸࡞࠿ࡗࡓࠖ
5㸬࢚㸬 I’m not interested in getting a room in a stranger’s houseࠕ௚ேࡢᐙࡢ୍㒊ᒇࢆ೉ࡾࡿࡢࡣ᎘ࡔ࡞ࠖ✵ᡤࡢ┤ᚋࡢ A ࡢⓎゝ “Me, neither. That’s why I’m only looking at places that we can rent all toourselves.” ࠕ⚾ࡶࡑ࠺ࠋࡔ࠿ࡽࢃࡓࡋࡓࡕࡀ⮬ศࡓࡕࡔࡅ࡛೉ࡾࡿࡇ࡜ࡢ࡛ࡁࡿ࡜ࡇࢁࢆ᥈ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠖ࠿ࡽุ᩿࡛ࡁࡿࠋṧࡾࡢ㑅ᢥ⫥ࡢព࿡ࡣ௨ୗࡢ㏻ࡾࠋ࢔㸬ࠕ࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡟ࡋࡓࡽࡑࢀࡽ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡢ᝟ሗࡀᚓࡽࢀࡿࡢ࠿ࢃ࠿ࡽ࡞࠸ࠖ
࢖㸬ࠕ๓ᅇ࡜ྠࡌࡇ࡜ࢆࡋࡓ࠸࡜ࡣ࠶ࡲࡾᛮࢃ࡞࠸ࠖ
࢘㸬ࠕ⮬ศࡓࡕ࡛㣗஦ࢆసࡿᚲせࡀ࡞࠸࡜࠸࠸ࡅࢀ࡝ࠖ
6㸬࢔㸬 I hope so, though we may need to make some compromises.
ࠕ⌧ᐇⓗࡔ࡜ࡣᛮ࠺ࡼࠋࡓࡔ࠸ࡃࡽ࠿ጇ༠ࡀᚲせ࠿ࡶࡋࢀ࡞࠸ࡅࢀ࡝ࠖ
✵ᡤࡢ┤ᚋࡢ B ࡢⓎゝ “Is that realistic?” ࠕࡑࢀࡣ⌧ᐇⓗ࡛ࡍ࠿ࠖ࡟ᑐࡍࡿᛂ⟅࡟࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ㑅ᢥ⫥࡟⤠ࡿࠋḟ࠸࡛✵ᡤᚋࡢ B ࡢⓎゝ “I appreciate that. But hopefully, not too many!” ࠕࡑࢀࡣ࠶ࡾࡀࡓ࠸ࠋ࡛ࡶ࡛ࡁࢀࡤከࡍࡂ࡞࠸࡜࠸࠸ࠖࡢ many ࡟ὀ┠ࡋ㸪✵ᡤ࡟ࡣ many ࡀಟ㣭ࡍࡿࡢ࡟ࡩࡉࢃࡋ࠸ྡモࡀྵࡲࢀࡿࡇ࡜ࡀண᝿ࡉࢀࡿࠋṧࡾࡢ㑅ᢥ⫥ࡢព࿡ࡣ௨ୗࡢ㏻ࡾࠋ࢖㸬ࠕࡑࢀࡽࡢ≉ᚩࢆࡍ࡭࡚ഛ࠼ࡓ࡜ࡇࢁࢆぢࡘࡅࡿࡢࡣ୙ྍ⬟ࡔࢁ࠺ࠖ࢘㸬ࠕࡑࡢࡼ࠺࡞ࣞࣥࢱࣝ࡬ࡢ㟂せࡣ኱ࡁ࠸࢚ࠖ㸬ࠕ࠶࡞ࡓࡢせᮃ࡟ྜ࠺࡜ࡇࢁࡀ୍ࡘࡔࡅ࠶ࡿࠖϩ✵ᡤ⿵඘
7㸬࢘㸬 More than 50 cities have held the honor of being called an Olympic city.
ࠕࡇࢀࡲ࡛ 50 ௨ୖࡢ㒔ᕷࡀ㸪࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࣭ࢩࢸ࢕࡜࿧ࡤࢀࡿᰤ㄃ࢆᡭ࡟ࡋ࡚ࡁࡓࠖᩥᵓ㐀࠿ࡽ✵ᡤ࡟ࡣ㸪ྡモࡀᚲせ࡛࠶ࡿ࡜ࢃ࠿ࡿࠋ㑅ᢥ⫥ࡢ୰࡛ヱᙜࡍࡿೃ⿵ࡣ㸪࢘㸬honor ࠿㸪࢚㸬match ࡟⤠ࡽࢀࡿࠋ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ࣭ࢩࢸ࢕࡜࿧ࡤࢀࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࠕᰤග㸪ᰤ㄃㸪㈨᱁ࠖࢆᚓ࡚ࡁࡓ㸪࡜࠸࠺ෆᐜ࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆண᝿ࡋ࡚㸪࢘㸬ࢆ㑅ᢥࡍࡿࠋҫָ෨਒ָ༩ඍߏϟϑΨ8㸬࢔㸬 There are clear advantages to hosting the games.
ࠕヨྜࢆ㛤ദࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡣ᫂☜࡞฼Ⅼࡀ࠶ࡿࠖᩥᵓ㐀࠿ࡽ✵ᡤ࡟ࡣ㸪ᙧᐜモࡀᚲせ࡛࠶ࡿ࡜ࢃ࠿ࡿࠋ㑅ᢥ⫥ࡢ୰࡛ヱᙜࡍࡿೃ⿵ࡣ㸪࢔㸬clear ࠿㸪࢟㸬spacious ࠿㸪ࢡ㸬unused ࡜࡞ࡿࠋ࢟㸬ࠕᗈࠎ࡜ࡋࡓࠖࡸࢡ㸬ࠕᮍ౑⏝ࡢࠖࡔ࡜ 1 ᩥ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢព
࿡ࡀ୙᫂࡜࡞ࡿࡢ࡛㸪࢔㸬ࢆ㑅ᢥࡍࡿࠋ
9㸬࢖㸬 The Olympics are a chance to showcase one’s country to the world, bring positive media attention, andgrow tourism.
ࠕ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡣ⮬ᅜࢆୡ⏺࡟࢔ࣆ࣮ࣝࡋ㸪࣓ࢹ࢕࢔ࡢዲពⓗ࡞ὀ┠ࢆ㞟ࡵ㸪ほගᴗࢆⓎᒎࡉࡏࡿࢳࣕࣥࢫ࡛࠶ࡿࠖᩥᵓ㐀࠿ࡽ✵ᡤ࡟ࡣ㸪ືモࡢཎᙧࡀᚲせ࡛࠶ࡿ࡜ࢃ࠿ࡿࠋ showcase㸪bring㸪grow ࡜࠸࠺ 3 ࡘࡢືモࡀ㸪<A, B and C>࡜࠸࠺୪ิࡢཎ๎࡟ᚑࡗ࡚୪࡭ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ㑅ᢥ⫥ࡢ୰࡛ヱᙜࡍࡿೃ⿵ࡣ㸪࢖㸬grow ࡢࡳ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ10㸬࢝㸬 The UK, for instance, saw a tourism increase of 12% a full year after London’s 2012 Summer Olympics.
ࠕࡓ࡜࠼ࡤⱥᅜࡣ㸪2012 ᖺኟᏘ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡᚋࡢ୸ 1 ᖺ࡛㸪ほගᴗ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ 12㸣ࡢᡂ㛗ࢆ⤒㦂ࡋࡓࠖᩥᵓ㐀ཬࡧෆᐜ࠿ࡽ✵ᡤ࡟ࡣ㸪➨ 3 ᩥᆺࢆ࡜ࡿࡇ࡜ࡢ࡛ࡁࡿືモࡢ㐣ཤᙧࡀᚲせ࡛࠶ࡿ࡜ࢃ࠿ࡿࠋ㑅ᢥ⫥ࡢ୰࡛ヱᙜࡍࡿೃ⿵ࡣ㸪࢝㸬saw ࡢࡳ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ11㸬ࢡ㸬 Also, expensive new stadiums often go unused after the Olympic torch is put out.
ࠕࡲࡓ㸪㧗౯࡞᪂ࡋ࠸ࢫࢱࢪ࢔࣒ࡣ㸪࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡢ⪷ⅆࡀᾘࡉࢀࡓᚋ㸪౑ࢃࢀ࡞ࡃ࡞ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ
ከ࠸ࠖᩥᵓ㐀࠿ࡽ✵ᡤ࡟ࡣ㸪ࢿ࢞ࢸ࢕ࣦ࡞ព࿡ࢆࡶࡘᙧᐜモࡀᚲせ࡛࠶ࡿ࡜ࢃ࠿ࡿࠋ㑅ᢥ⫥ࡢ୰࡛ヱᙜࡍࡿೃ⿵ࡣ㸪ࢡ㸬unused ࡢࡳ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ <go C> ࠕ㹼࡟࡞ࡿࠖ࡜࠸࠺⾲⌧ࡣ㸪ᇶᮏⓗ࡟ࡣࠕࡼࡃ࡞࠸≧ែ࡟࡞ࡿࠖࡇ࡜ࢆ⾲ࡍࡢ࡟⏝࠸ࡽࢀࡿࠋ <go bankrupt> ࠕ◚⏘ࡍࡿࠖ㸪 <go unnoticed> ࠕぢ㐣ࡈࡉࢀࡿࠖ࡞࡝࡛࠶ࡿࠋ
12㸬࢜㸬 Consequently, the games’ organizers face a challenge.
ࠕ⤖ᯝ࡜ࡋ࡚㸪኱఍୺ദ⪅ࡣ㞴㢟࡟┤㠃ࡍࡿࡢࡔࠖ
ᩥᵓ㐀࠿ࡽ✵ᡤ࡟ࡣ㸪」ᩘᙧࡶࡋࡃࡣ」ᩘᢅ࠸ࡢྡモࡀᚲせ࡛࠶ࡿ࡜ࢃ࠿ࡿࠋ㑅ᢥ⫥ࡢ୰࡛ヱᙜࡍࡿೃ⿵ࡣ㸪࢜㸬organizers ࡢࡳ࡛࠶ࡿࠋϪᩥἲ 4 ᢥ13㸬࢘㸬 What annoys me most at a time like this is how complicated the software is to install.
ࠕࡇ࠺࠸࠺࡜ࡁ࡟୍␒ᅔࡿࡇ࡜ࡣ㸪ࢯࣇࢺࡢ࢖ࣥࢫࢺ࣮ࣝࡀ」㞧࡞ࡇ࡜ࡔࠖ✵ᡤ࡟ࡣ㏙ㄒືモ is ࡢ୺ㄒ࡟┦ᙜࡍࡿ⠇ࢆసࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿㄒࡀධࡿࡇ࡜ࡀண᝿ࡉࢀࡿࠋ✵ᡤ࡟ࡣ㸪┤ᚋ࡟࠶ࡿ㸪⠇ෆࡢ㏙ㄒືモ annoys ࡢ୺ㄒ࡜ྠ᫬࡟㸪᥋⥆モ࡟┦ᙜࡍࡿࡶࡢࡀᚲせ࡜࡞ࡾ㸪ඛ⾜モࢆྵࡴ㛵ಀ௦ྡモࡀೃ⿵࡜ࡋ࡚⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋࡼࡗ࡚࢘ࡀṇゎ࡜࡞ࡿࠋ
14㸬࢘㸬 All things considered, Joan thought her idea was the best.
ࠕ࠶ࡽࡺࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ⪃៖ࡍࢀࡤ㸪ࢪࣙ࢔ࣥࡣ⮬ศࡢ⪃࠼ࡀ᭱ࡶⰋ࠸࡜ᛮࡗࡓࠖᩥ㢌ࡢ All things ࡢ๓࠾ࡼࡧ✵ᡤࡢᚋ࡟᥋⥆モࡀ࡞࠸ࡇ࡜࠿ࡽ㸪ඛ㢌࠿ࡽ✵ᡤࡲ࡛࡛ศモᵓᩥ࡞࡝ࡢ๪モࡀ࠶ࡿ࡜ண᝿ࡉࢀࡿࠋ consider ࡣࠕ㹼ࢆ⇍⪃ࡍࡿࠖ࡜࠸࠺ព࿡࡛࠶ࡾ㸪 “all things” ࡀࡑࡢ┠ⓗㄒ࡟࡞ࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋࡼࡗ࡚࢘ࡀṇゎ࡜࡞ࡿࠋҫָ෨਒ָ༩ඍߏϟϑΨ

15㸬࢔㸬 The employees proposed to the president that a staff meeting be held regularly.
ࠕᚑᴗဨࡓࡕࡣ㸪ᐃᮇⓗ࡟ࢫࢱࢵࣇ఍㆟ࢆ㛤ࡃࡇ࡜ࢆ♫㛗࡟ᥦ᱌ࡋࡓࠖ
୺ᩥ࡛ propose ࡀ⏝࠸ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜࠿ࡽ㸪✵ᡤ࡟ࡣືモࡢཎᙧࡀධࡿ࡜ண᝿ࡉࢀࡿࠋཎᙧ࡛ࡣ
࡞ࡃ “should do ~” ࡜ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡶ࠶ࡿࠋࡼࡗ࡚࢔ࡀṇゎ࡜࡞ࡿࠋ
16㸬࢘㸬 As Mr. White always seems to be spending a lot of money, he must have saved a lot before he retired.
ࠕ࣍࣡࢖ࢺẶࡣ࠸ࡘࡶ࠾㔠ࢆࡓࡃࡉࢇ౑ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡼ࠺࡞ࡢ࡛㸪㏥⫋ࡍࡿ๓࡟ࡓࡃࡉࢇ㈓⵳ࡋࡓ࡟
㐪࠸࡞࠸ࠖ✵ᡤ࡟ࡣ୺ᩥࡢ୺ㄒ he ࡟ᑐࡋ࡚㸪௚ືモ save ࠕ㹼ࢆ⵳࠼ࡿࠖࡀ㏙ㄒືモ㸪 a lot ࡀ┠ⓗㄒ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡘ࡞ࡀࡿ⾲⌧ࡀධࡿࠋࡼࡗ࡚࢘ࡀṇゎ࡜࡞ࡿࠋ17㸬࢘㸬 The dishes we used at the party need washing again because they are still dirty.
ࠕࣃ࣮ࢸ࢕࣮࡛౑ࡗࡓ㣗ჾࡣࡲࡔởࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡢ࡛㸪ࡶ࠺୍ᗘὙ࠺ᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿࠖ✵ᡤ࡟ࡣ the dishes ࡀࠕὙࢃࢀࡿࠖ࡜࠸࠺ཷືࡢ㛵ಀࡀᡂ❧ࡍࡿ⾲⌧ࡀධࡿࠋືモ need ࡣ┠ⓗㄒ࡟ doing ~ ࢆ⏝࠸ࡿ࡜ࠕ㹼ࡉࢀࡿࠖ࡜࠸࠺ព࿡࡟࡞ࡿࠋࡼࡗ࡚࢘ࡀṇゎ࡜࡞ࡿࠋ18㸬࢚㸬 The company spent a smaller amount of money than usual on their annual party.
ࠕ఍♫ࡣ㸪ẖᖺᜏ౛ࡢࣃ࣮ࢸ࢕࣮࡟౑࠺㔠㢠ࢆ࠸ࡘࡶࡼࡾῶࡽࡋࡓࠖ✵ᡤ࡟ࡣ㸪┤ᚋ࡟࠶ࡿྡモ amount ࢆಟ㣭ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿᙧᐜモࡀධࡿࠋࡼࡗ࡚࢚ࡀṇゎ࡜࡞ࡿࠋ19㸬࢔㸬 Never having been praised so much before, Tom Was so puzzled that he did not know how to react.
ࠕࡇࢀࡲ࡛ࡇࢀ࡯࡝〔ࡵࡽࢀࡓࡇ࡜ࡀ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࡢ࡛㸪ࢺ࣒ࡣᡞᝨ࠸㸪࡝࠺཯ᛂࡋ࡚࠸࠸࠿ࢃ࠿ࡽ
࡞࠿ࡗࡓࠖศモᵓᩥࡢඖ࡜࡞ࡗࡓᩥࢆண᝿ࡍࡿ࡜㸪ព࿡ୖࡢ୺ㄒࡀ┬␎ࡉࢀ࡚࠾ࡾ㸪 praise ࠕ㹼ࢆ〔ࡵࡿࠖࡣ௚ືモ࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜࠿ࡽ㸪 Tom had never been praised ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋࡼࡗ࡚࢔ࡀṇゎ࡜࡞ࡿࠋ
20㸬࢚㸬 The project team’s success is a result of each member performing at the very best of their abilities.
ࠕࣉࣟࢪ࢙ࢡࢺࢳ࣮࣒ࡢᡂຌࡣ㸪ྛ࣓ࣥࣂ࣮ࡀࡑࢀࡒࢀࡢ⬟ຊࢆࡲࡉ࡟᭱኱㝈࡟Ⓨ᥹ࡋࡓ⤖ᯝ࡛࠶ࡿࠖ✵ᡤࡢ┤ᚋ best ࡣᙧᐜモ good ࡢ᭱ୖ⣭⾲⌧࡞ࡢ࡛㸪ࡑࢀࢆಟ㣭ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡢ࡛ࡁࡿ๪モࡀධࡿࠋࡼࡗ࡚࢚ࡀṇゎ࡜࡞ࡿࠋϫྠពᩥ㑅ᢥ
21㸬࢚㸬 The woman persuaded her husband not to purchase the property.
ࠕࡑࡢዪᛶࡣ㸪ኵࡀࡑࡢ୙ື⏘ࢆ㉎ධࡋ࡞࠸ࡼ࠺ㄝᚓࡋࡓࠖタၥ㸸The woman talked her husband out of buying the property.
ࠕࡑࡢዪᛶࡣ㸪ㄝᚓࡋ࡚ኵࡀࡑࡢ୙ື⏘ࢆ㈙࠺ࡇ࡜ࢆᛮ࠸࡜࡝ࡲࡽࡏࡓࠖ
௚ࡢ㑅ᢥ⫥ࡢព࿡ࡣ௨ୗࡢ㏻ࡾࠋ࢔㸬ࠕࡑࡢዪᛶࡣ㸪ኵࡀࡑࡢ୙ື⏘ࢆ㉎ධࡋ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࡇ࡜ࢆ㠀㞴ࡋࡓࠖ࢖㸬ࠕࡑࡢዪᛶࡣ㸪ኵ࡜ࡑࡢ୙ື⏘ࡢ㉎ධ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ヰࡋྜࡗࡓࠖ
࢘㸬ࠕࡑࡢዪᛶࡣ㸪ኵ࡟ࡑࡢ୙ື⏘ࢆ㈙࠺ࡼ࠺່ࡵࡓࠖ

ҫָ෨਒ָ༩ඍߏϟϑΨ22㸬࢘㸬 Yesterday morning, I collected Joe and his friends at the shopping mall.
ࠕ᫖᪥ࡢᮅ㸪⚾ࡣࢩࣙࢵࣆࣥࢢ࣮ࣔࣝ࡟㸪ࢪ࣮ࣙ࡜ࡑࡢ཭㐩ࢆ㏄࠼࡟⾜ࡗࡓࠖタၥ㸸Yesterday morning, I picked up Joe and his friends at the shopping mall.
ࠕ᫖᪥ࡢᮅ㸪⚾ࡣࢩࣙࢵࣆࣥࢢ࣮ࣔࣝ࡟㸪ࢪ࣮ࣙ࡜ࡑࡢ཭㐩ࢆ㏄࠼࡟⾜ࡗࡓࠖ௚ࡢ㑅ᢥ⫥ࡢព࿡ࡣ௨ୗࡢ㏻ࡾࠋ࢔㸬ࠕ᫖᪥ࡢᮅ㸪⚾ࡣࢩࣙࢵࣆࣥࢢ࣮࡛ࣔࣝ㸪ࢪ࣮ࣙ࡜ࡑࡢ཭㐩࡜ヰࡋࡓࠖ࢖㸬ࠕ᫖᪥ࡢᮅ㸪⚾ࡣࢩࣙࢵࣆࣥࢢ࣮࡛ࣔࣝ㸪ࢪ࣮ࣙ࡜ࡑࡢ཭㐩࡜఍ࡗࡓ࢚ࠖ㸬ࠕ᫖᪥ࡢᮅ㸪⚾ࡣࢩࣙࢵࣆࣥࢢ࣮࡛ࣔࣝ㸪ࢪ࣮ࣙ࡜ࡑࡢ཭㐩ࢆᡭఏࡗࡓࠖ
23㸬࢔㸬 Jack is almost certain to pass his driving test when he takes it next week.
ࠕࢪࣕࢵࢡࡣ᮶㐌㐠㌿චチヨ㦂ࢆཷࡅࡿࡀ㸪࡯ࡰ☜ᐇ࡟ྜ᱁ࡍࡿࡔࢁ࠺ࠖ
タၥ㸸When Jack takes his driving test next week, he is bound to pass it.
ࠕࢪࣕࢵࢡࡣ᮶㐌㐠㌿චチヨ㦂ࢆཷࡅࡿࡀ㸪ࡁࡗ࡜ࡑࢀ࡟ྜ᱁ࡍࡿࡔࢁ࠺ࠖ௚ࡢ㑅ᢥ⫥ࡣ௨ୗࡢ㏻ࡾࠋ࢖㸬ࠕ᮶㐌㸪ࢪࣕࢵࢡࡣ㐠㌿චチヨ㦂ࢆཷࡅࡿࡀ㸪ᙼࡣ⮬ศࡀࡑࢀ࡟ྜ᱁࡛ࡁࡿ࠿ᚰ㓄ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠖ
࢘㸬ࠕ᮶㐌㸪ࢪࣕࢵࢡࡣ㐠㌿චチヨ㦂ࢆཷࡅࡿࡀ㸪ᙼࡣ⮬ศࡀࡑࢀ࡟ྜ᱁ࡍࡿࡔࢁ࠺࡜ᛮࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠖ
࢚㸬ࠕࢪࣕࢵࢡࡣ᮶㐌㐠㌿චチヨ㦂ࢆཷࡅࡿࡀ㸪ᙼࡣ⮬ศࡀࡑࢀ࡟ྜ᱁ࡋ࡞࠸ࡔࢁ࠺࡜ᛮࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠖ
24㸬࢔㸬 Alex’s neighbors made a special effort to help him when he moved to a new house.
ࠕ࢔ࣞࢵࢡࢫࡀ᪂ࡋ࠸ᐙ࡟ᘬࡗ㉺ࡋࡓ࡜ࡁ㸪㏆ᡤࡢேࡓࡕࡣ≉ู࡟ᙼࢆຓࡅ࡚ࡃࢀࡓࠖ
タၥ㸸When Alex moved to a new house, his neighbors went out of their way to help.
ࠕ࢔ࣞࢵࢡࢫࡀ᪂ࡋ࠸ᐙ࡟ᘬࡗ㉺ࡋࡓ࡜ࡁ㸪㏆ᡤࡢேࡓࡕࡣࢃࡊࢃࡊᡭఏࡗ࡚ࡃࢀࡓࠖ
௚ࡢ㑅ᢥ⫥ࡣ௨ୗࡢ㏻ࡾࠋ࢖㸬ࠕ࢔ࣞࢵࢡࢫࡀ᪂ࡋ࠸ᐙ࡟ᘬࡗ㉺ࡋࡓ࡜ࡁ㸪㏆ᡤࡢேࡓࡕࡣ῰ࠎ࡞ࡀࡽ༠ຊࡋ࡚ᙼࢆຓࡅࡓࠖ
࢘㸬ࠕ࢔ࣞࢵࢡࢫࡀ᪂ࡋ࠸ᐙ࡟ᘬࡗ㉺ࡋࡓ࡜ࡁ㸪㏆ᡤࡢேࡓࡕࡣᙼࢆຓࡅࡿࡇ࡜ࢆᴟຊ㑊ࡅࡓ࢚ࠖ㸬ࠕ࢔ࣞࢵࢡࢫࡀ᪂ࡋ࠸ᐙ࡟ᘬࡗ㉺ࡋࡓ࡜ࡁ㸪㏆ᡤࡢேࡓࡕࡣᙼࢆຓࡅࡿࡓࡵ࡟ูࠎ࡟⾜ືࡋࡓࠖϬྠ⩏ㄒ25㸬࢔㸬 admireࠕ⛠㈶ࡍࡿࠖ
(a) ࠕᑛᩗࡍࡿ㸪࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣ㧗ࡃホ౯ࡍࡿࠖ(b) ࠕ᪥ᮏࢆゼࢀࡿேࠎࡣ㸪ி㒔ࡢᑎ㝔ࡢ⨾ࡋࡉ࡜ᩥ໬ⓗព⩏ࢆ㧗ࡃホ౯ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠖ௚ࡢ㑅ᢥ⫥ࡢព࿡ࡣḟࡢ㏻ࡾࠋ࢖㸬ࠕணᮇࡍࡿࠖ㸪࢘㸬ࠕ㸦ᶒ฼࡞࡝ࢆ㸧୚࠼ࡿࠖ㸪࢚㸬ࠕ⤖ࡧ௜ࡅࡿࠖ
ࠋ
26㸬࢘㸬 remarkableࠕὀ┠࡟್ࡍࡿ㸪ඃࢀࡓࠖ(a) ࠕ⣲ᬕࡽࡋ࠸㸪ὀ┠࡟್ࡍࡿࠖ(b) ࠕࡑࡢࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ㑅ᡭࡣ▷㊥㞳㉮࡛ඃࢀࡓᡂᯝࢆᣲࡆ࡚࠸ࡿࠖ
௚ࡢ㑅ᢥ⫥ࡢព࿡ࡣḟࡢ㏻ࡾࠋ࢔㸬ࠕᜥⱞࡋ࠸㸪ᜥࢆࡘ࠿ࡏ࡞࠸ࠖ㸪࢖㸬ࠕᛮ࠸ࡸࡾࡢ࠶ࡿࠖ㸪࢚㸬ࠕ⾲㠃ⓗ࡞ࠖࠋ27㸬࢘㸬 residentࠕᒃఫ⪅ࠖ(a) ࠕ≉ᐃࡢሙᡤ࡟ఫࢇࡔࡾ㸪⁫ᅾࡋࡓࡾࡍࡿேࠖ(b) ࠕࡇࡢ࣐ࣥࢩࣙࣥࡢ௨๓ࡢᒃఫ⪅ࡀ❧ࡕ㏥ࡃ㝿࡟㸪⚾࡟ᐙලࢆ࠸ࡃࡘ࠿ㆡࡗ࡚ࡃࢀࡓࠖ௚ࡢ㑅ᢥ⫥ࡢព࿡ࡣḟࡢ㏻ࡾࠋ࢔㸬ࠕ௦⌮ே㸪⫋ဨ㸪⑓ཎయ㸪⸆๣㸪ືస୺㸪୺యࠖ㸪࢖㸬ࠕᑟయ㸪㌴ᤸ㸪ᣦ᥹⪅ࠖ㸪࢚㸬ࠕᐃᮇ㉎ㄞ⪅ࠖࠋ28㸬࢖㸬 proudࠕ㄂ࡾ࡟ᛮ࠺ࠖ
(a) ࠕ‶㊊ឤࡸ႐ࡧ㸪⮬ᑛᚰࢆឤࡌ࡚࠸ࡿࠖҫָ෨਒ָ༩ඍߏϟϑΨ(b) ࠕ࣐ࣜࡣ⏕ࡲࢀࡓ᫬࠿ࡽࡢ⮬ศࡢክࢆᐇ⌧ࡋࡓࡇ࡜ࢆ㄂ࡾ࡟ᛮࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠖ௚ࡢ㑅ᢥ⫥ࡢព࿡ࡣḟࡢ㏻ࡾࠋ࢔㸬ࠕഫ៏࡞ࠖ㸪࢘㸬ࠕ៽៓ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠖ㸪࢚㸬ࠕ୙Ᏻࡢ࡞࠸㸪Ᏻ඲࡞ࠖࠋ29㸬࢔㸬 defeat ࠕ㈇࠿ࡍࠖ
(a) ࠕㄡ࠿㸪࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣఱ࠿࡟຾ࡘࠖ(b) ࠕᑐᡓࡍࢀࡤ㸪ᙼࡣࣛ࢖ࣂࣝ඲ဨࢆᡴࡕ㈇࠿ࡍࡔࢁ࠺ࠖ௚ࡢ㑅ᢥ⫥ࡢព࿡ࡣḟࡢ㏻ࡾࠋ࢖㸬ࠕ᳨ฟࡍࡿࠖ㸪࢘㸬ࠕᐇ⾜ࡍࡿࠖ㸪࢚㸬ࠕᴦࡋࡲࡏࡿࠖࠋϭㄒྃᩚᗎ
[A] 30㸬࢝31㸬࢖(I am) saving up by cutting down on daily expenses so (I can buy an expensive, high-performancecomputer.)<save up> ࠕ࠾㔠ࢆ㈓ࡵࡿࠖ㸪<cut down on ~> ࠕ㹼ࢆῶࡽࡍ㸪๐ῶࡍࡿࠖ
㸪<so (that) S’ can [may, will]
V’ ~> ࠕ㹼࡛ࡁࡿࡼ࠺࡟ࠖࠋ┠ⓗࢆ⾲ࡍ๪モ⠇࡛࠶ࡿࡀ㸪┬␎ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ that ࢆぢᢤࡅࡓ࠿࡝࠺࠿ࡀ࣏࢖ࣥࢺࠋ
[B] 32㸬࢜33㸬࢖

(Remote working is) a way of working whose popularity has recently increased (all over the world.)<a way of doing ~> ࠕ㹼ࡍࡿ᪉ἲࠖ
whose ࡣᡤ᭷᱁ࡢ㛵ಀ௦ྡモ࡛࠶ࡾ㸪ඖࡢ 2 ᩥࡣ௨ୗࡢ㏻ࡾࠋ
1. Remote working is a way of working.
2. Its popularity has recently increased all over the world.
[C] 34㸬࢖

35㸬࢘

(When apologizing, it is not necessarily what you say but) how you say it that matters.
<not necessarily ~> ࠕᚲࡎࡋࡶ㹼࡞࠸ࠖ
㸪<not A but B> ࠕA ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃ Bࠖ㸪matter (=count)ࠕ㔜せ࡛࠶ࡿ㸪ၥ㢟࡛࠶ࡿࠖࠋ
<It is A that ~> ࡜࠸࠺ᙉㄪᵓᩥ࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆண᝿࡛ࡁࡓ࠿ࡀ࣏࢖ࣥࢺࠋᙉㄪࡋࡓ࠸ྡモせ⣲ࡶࡋࡃࡣ๪モせ⣲ࢆ A ࡢ఩⨨࡟⨨ࡃࠋ
[D] 36㸬࢖37㸬 ࢚(I discouraged Jim) from driving as he was obviously too tired to safely (make the journey.)< discouraged O from doing ~> ࠕO ࡀ㹼ࡍࡿࡢࢆࡸࡵࡉࡏࡿ㸪ᛮ࠸࡜࡝ࡲࡽࡏࡿࠖ
<too ᙧᐜモ/๪モ to do ~> ࠕ࠶ࡲࡾ࡟ࡶᙧᐜモ/๪モ࡞ࡢ࡛㸪㹼࡛ࡁ࡞࠸ࠖ࡜࠸࠺ព࿡ࡢ㸪ࠕ⛬ᗘࠖࢆ⾲ࡍ୙ᐃモ๪モⓗ⏝ἲ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ

Ϯ㛗ᩥ⥲ྜ
ၥ1

ᮏᩥࡢ➨ 1 ẁⴠࡢෆᐜ࡟ྜ࠺ࡶࡢ࡜ࡋ࡚᭱ࡶ㐺ᙜ࡞ࡶࡢࢆ㸪࢔㹼࢚࠿ࡽ୍ࡘ㑅࡭ࠋ㸦38㸧
࢔㸬 Based on a study of a quarter-million commuters, cyclists were not as likely to suffer from certain lifethreatening diseases as non-cyclists.
ࠕ25 ୓ேࡢ㏻໅⪅ࢆᑐ㇟࡜ࡋࡓㄪᰝ࡟ᇶ࡙ࡃ࡜㸪ࢧ࢖ࢡࣜࢫࢺࡣࡑ࠺࡛࡞࠸ே࡟ẚ࡭㸪⏕࿨ࢆ⬣࠿ࡍ࠶ࡿ⑓Ẽࢆᝈ࠺ྍ⬟ᛶࡀప࠿ࡗࡓࠖ
➨ 1 ẁⴠ➨ 2 ᩥࡀ᰿ᣐ࡜࡞ࡿࠋࡑࡢ 1 ᩥࡢ࠾ࡼࡑࡢព࿡ࡣࠕࢢࣛࢫࢦ࣮኱Ꮫࡀ 25 ୓ேࡢ㏻໅⪅ࢆᑐ㇟࡟ᐇ᪋ࡋࡓ◊✲࡟ࡼࡿ࡜㸪ࢧ࢖ࢡࣜࢫࢺࡣ㠀ࢧ࢖ࢡࣜࢫࢺ࡟ẚ࡭㸪ࡀࢇ࡜ᚰ⮚⑓࡟࠿࠿ࡿ
ྍ⬟ᛶࡀ༙ศ࡛࠶ࡗࡓ࡛ࠖ࠶ࡿࠋ “certain life-threatening diseases” ࡜࠸࠺⾲⌧ࡣ㸪ᮏᩥࡢ “cancerand heart disease” ࢆゝ࠸᥮࠼ࡓࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ

ҫָ෨਒ָ༩ඍߏϟϑΨၥ2ᮏᩥࡢ➨ 2 ẁⴠࡢෆᐜ࡟ྜࢃ࡞࠸ࡶࡢࢆ㸪࢔㹼࢚࠿ࡽ୍ࡘ㑅࡭ࠋ
㸦39㸧
࢘㸬 In Britain, people’s thoughts and beliefs regarding wearing helmets when cycling are largely in accordancewith each other.
ࠕⱥᅜ࡛ࡣ㸪ࢧ࢖ࢡࣜࣥࢢ᫬ࡢ࣓࣊ࣝࢵࢺ╔⏝࡟㛵ࡍࡿேࠎࡢ⪃࠼ࡸಙᛕࡣ㸪ᴫࡋ୍࡚⮴ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠖ
➨ 2 ẁⴠ➨ 1 ᩥ࡟཯ࡍࡿࠋࡑࡢ 1 ᩥࡢ࠾ࡼࡑࡢព࿡ࡣࠕࡋ࠿ࡋ㸪ⱥᅜ࡛ࡣࢧ࢖ࢡ࣓ࣝ࣊ࣝࢵࢺ࡟㛵ࡍࡿពぢ࡟┦㐪ࡀ࠶ࡿ࡛ࠖ࠶ࡿࠋ

ၥ3ᮏᩥࡢ➨ 3 ẁⴠࡢෆᐜ࡟ྜࢃ࡞࠸ࡶࡢࢆ㸪࢔㹼࢚࠿ࡽ୍ࡘ㑅࡭ࠋ㸦40㸧࢚㸬 The founder of a cycling goods brand asserts that people fail to associate riding bicycles and getting hurt.
ࠕࢧ࢖ࢡࣜࣥࢢ⏝ရࣈࣛࣥࢻࡢ๰ᴗ⪅ࡣ㸪ேࠎࡣ⮬㌿㌴࡟஌ࡿࡇ࡜࡜᛹ᡃࢆࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ⤖ࡧࡘࡅ࡚⪃࠼ࡽࢀ࡚࠸࡞࠸࡜᩿ゝࡍࡿࠖ➨ 3 ẁⴠ➨ 4 ᩥ࡟཯ࡍࡿࠋࡑࡢ 1 ᩥࡢ࠾ࡼࡑࡢព࿡ࡣࠕᙼࡣ㸪ࢧ࢖ࢡࣜࣥࢢࡣࡋࡤࡋࡤ༴㝤࡜⤖ࡧࡘࡅࡽࢀ㸪ࡑࡢࡇ࡜ࡣከࡃࡢேࠎࡀࢧ࢖ࢡࣜࣥࢢࢆጞࡵࡿࡢࢆᛮ࠸࡜࡝ࡲࡽࡏ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜୺ᙇࡍࡿ࡛ࠖ࠶ࡿࠋከࡃࡢேࠎࡀᐇ㝿࡟ࢧ࢖ࢡࣜࣥࢢࢆጞࡵࡿẼ࡟࡞ࡽ࡞࠸⌮⏤࡜ࡋ࡚㸪ࢧ࢖ࢡࣜࣥࢢ࡟ࡣ༴㝤ࡀ௜ࡁࡲ࡜࠺㸪࡜࠸࠺⪃࠼ࡀ࠶ࡿ࡜ࣁࢵࢭ࢖ࡣㄽࡌ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ☜ㄆ࡛ࡁࡿࠋ

ၥ4ᮏᩥࡢ➨ 4 ẁⴠࡢෆᐜ࡟ྜࢃ࡞࠸ࡶࡢࢆ㸪࢔㹼࢚࠿ࡽ୍ࡘ㑅࡭ࠋ
㸦41㸧
࢔㸬 In the mid-90s in New Zealand, there was a gradual decline of about 50% in bicycle trips after a law wasimplemented to enforce helmet use.
ࠕࢽ࣮ࣗࢪ࣮ࣛࣥࢻ࡛ࡣ 90 ᖺ௦༙ࡤ㸪࣓࣊ࣝࢵࢺ╔⏝ࢆᙉไࡍࡿἲᚊࡀ᪋⾜ࡉࢀࡓᚋ㸪⮬㌿㌴࡟
ࡼࡿ⛣ືࡀ⣙ 50㸣ẁ㝵ⓗ࡟ῶᑡࡋࡓࠖ
➨ 4 ẁⴠ➨ 2 ᩥࡀ᰿ᣐ࡜࡞ࡿࠋࡑࡢ 1 ᩥࡢ࠾ࡼࡑࡢព࿡ࡣࠕࢽ࣮ࣗࢪ࣮ࣛࣥࢻ࡛ࡣ㸪1994 ᖺ࡟࣓࣊ࣝࢵࢺࡢ╔⏝ࢆ⩏ົ௜ࡅࡿἲᚊࡀᑟධࡉࢀࡓᚋࡍࡄ࡟㸪⮬㌿㌴࡟ࡼࡿ⛣ືࡀ࡯ࡰ༙ῶࡋࡓ࡛ࠖ
࠶ࡿࠋᑡࠎ⣽࠿࠸Ⅼ࡟࡞ࡿࡀ㸪㑅ᢥ⫥࢔࡛ࡣ “gradual” ࡜ᙧᐜࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡀ㸪ᮏᩥ࡟ࡣ⮬㌿㌴࡟
ࡼࡿ⛣ືࡢ༙ῶࡀ immediately ࡟㉳ࡇࡗࡓ࡜࠶ࡿࡢ࡛㸪ࡇࡢⅬ࡛࢔ࢆ㛫㐪࠸࡜ࡋ࡚㑅ᢥ࡛ࡁࡿࠋ

ၥ5ୗ⥺㒊(42)ࡀ⾲ࡍෆᐜ࡜ࡋ࡚᭱ࡶ㐺ᙜ࡞ࡶࡢࢆ㸪࢔㹼࢚࠿ࡽ୍ࡘ㑅࡭ࠋ㸦42㸧࢘㸬 In Sydney, Australia, the total number of trips taken on bicycles soon declined after the introduction ofa law enforcing helmet use.
ࠕ࣮࢜ࢫࢺࣛࣜ࢔ࡢࢩࢻࢽ࣮࡛ࡣ㸪࣓࣊ࣝࢵࢺࡢ╔⏝ࢆ⩏ົ࡙ࡅࡿἲᚊࡀᑟධࡉࢀࡓᚋ㸪⮬㌿㌴
࡟ࡼࡿ⛣ືࡢ⥲ᩘࡀࡍࡄ࡟ῶᑡࡋࡓࠖୗ⥺㒊ࡢㄒྃࡢព࿡ࡣࠕྠࡌ⌧㇟࡛ࠖ࠶ࡿࠋࠕྠࡌࠖ࡜࠸࠺ㄒ࡛ཧ↷ࡍ࡭ࡁෆᐜࡣ㸪๓ᩥࡢ➨ 4 ẁⴠ➨ 2 ᩥ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡑࡢព࿡ࡣၥ 4 ࡛ࡶ☜ㄆࡋࡓ㏻ࡾ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ “the same phenomenon” ࡢෆᐜࢆ⟅࠼ࡿ࡜࠸࠺ሙྜ࡟㸪ᑡࡋ㏞࠺ࡢࡀ㸪ㄝ᫂ࡍ࡭ࡁࡶࡢࡀࠕඖࡢ⌧㇟ࠖࡢࡇ࡜࠿㸪ࡑࢀ࡜ࡶࠕࡑࢀ࡟⥆ࡃ⌧㇟ࠖࡢࡇ࡜࠿㸪࡜࠸࠺Ⅼ࡛࠶ࡿࡀ㸪௒ᅇࡣ㑅ᢥၥ㢟࡞ࡢ࡛㸪Ẽ࡟ࡍࡿᚲせࡣ࡞࠸ࠋၥ6ᮏᩥࡢ➨ 5 ẁⴠࡢෆᐜ࡟ྜ࠺ࡶࡢ࡜ࡋ࡚᭱ࡶ㐺ᙜ࡞ࡶࡢࢆ㸪࢔㹼࢚࠿ࡽ୍ࡘ㑅࡭ࠋ㸦43㸧࢚㸬 The Guardian has discovered that the health benefits associated with bicycle riding exceed the potential
dangers of riding without a helmet.
ࠕ࣮ࠗ࢞ࢹ࢕࢔ࣥ࠘⣬ࡣ㸪⮬㌿㌴࡟஌ࡿࡇ࡜࡟㛵㐃ࡋࡓ೺ᗣୖࡢ฼Ⅼࡀ㸪࣓࣊ࣝࢵࢺ࡞ࡋ࡛⮬㌿㌴
࡟஌ࡿࡇ࡜ࡢ₯ᅾⓗ࡞༴㝤ᛶࢆୖᅇࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠖ
➨ 5 ẁⴠ➨ 4 ᩥࡀ᰿ᣐ࡜࡞ࡿࠋࡑࡢ 1 ᩥࡢ࠾ࡼࡑࡢព࿡ࡣࠕ࣮ࠗ࢞ࢹ࢕࢔ࣥ࠘⣬ࡢㄪᰝࡣ㸪ࢧ࢖ࢡࣜࣥࢢࡢ೺ᗣୖࡢ฼Ⅼࡣ㸪࣓࣊ࣝࢵࢺ࡞ࡋࡢࢧ࢖ࢡࣜࣥࢢ࡟క࠺ࣜࢫࢡࢆࡣࡿ࠿࡟ୖᅇࡿࡇ࡜
ࢆ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟ࡋࡓ࡛ࠖ࠶ࡿࠋ exceed ࡜࠸࠺ືモ⾲⌧ࡣ㸪ᮏᩥࡢ “far outweigh” ࢆゝ࠸᥮࠼ࡓࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋҫָ෨਒ָ༩ඍߏϟϑΨ

ၥ7ᮏᩥࡢෆᐜ࡜ྜࢃ࡞࠸ࡶࡢࢆ㸪࢔㹼࢟࠿ࡽ஧ࡘ㑅ࡧ㸪(44)࡜(45)࡟୍ࡘࡎࡘ࣐࣮ࢡࡏࡼࠋ
࢘㸬 A British Olympic gold medalist commented that it should be compulsory for cyclists to wear a helmet.
ࠕⱥᅜࡢ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ㔠࣓ࢲࣜࢫࢺࡣ㸪ࢧ࢖ࢡࣜࢫࢺ࡟࣓࣊ࣝࢵࢺࡢ╔⏝ࢆ⩏ົ௜ࡅࡿ࡭ࡁࡔ࡜
ࢥ࣓ࣥࢺࡋࡓࠖ
➨ 3 ẁⴠ➨ 1㸪2 ᩥ࡟཯ࡍࡿࠋࡑࢀࡽࡢ࠾ࡼࡑࡢព࿡ࡣࠕ୍᪉㸪࣓࣊ࣝࢵࢺࡢ╔⏝ࡣಶேࡢ㑅ᢥ࡟ጤࡡࡽࢀࡿ࡭ࡁࡔ࡜࠸࠺ពぢࡶ࠶ࡿࠋ࣓ࠗ࣊ࣝࢵࢺࢆ࠿ࡪࡾࡓࡅࢀࡤ㸪࠿ࡪࢀࡤ࠸࠸࠘࡜ㄒࡿࡢࡣ
ඖࣉ࣮ࣟࣞࢧ࣮࡛㸪ⱥᅜࡢ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ㔠࣓ࢲࣜࢫࢺࡢࢡࣜࢫ࣭࣮࣎ࢻ࣐ࣥࡔ࡛ࠖ࠶ࡿࠋⱥᅜࡢ࢜
ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ㔠࣓ࢲࣜࢫࢺࡣ㸪࣓࣊ࣝࢵࢺ╔⏝⩏ົ໬࡟཯ᑐࡢ❧ሙ࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ☜ㄆ࡛ࡁࡿࠋ
࢜㸬 In the Netherlands, the population remains largely unaware of road safety.
ࠕ࢜ࣛࣥࢲ࡛ࡣ㸪ᅜẸࡣࡲࡔ஺㏻Ᏻ඲࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ᴫࡋ࡚ㄆ㆑࡛ࡁ࡚࠸࡞࠸ࡲࡲ࡛࠶ࡿࠖ
➨ 5 ẁⴠ➨ 1 ᩥ࡟཯ࡍࡿࠋࡑࡢ 1 ᩥࡢ࠾ࡼࡑࡢព࿡ࡣࠕ࢜ࣛࣥࢲ࡛ࡣ㸪඲⛣ືᡭẁࡢ 27㸣௨ୖࡀ⮬㌿㌴࡛࠶ࡾ㸪ேࠎࡣ஺㏻Ᏻ඲࡟ᑐࡋ࡚࡜࡚ࡶព㆑ࡀ㧗࠸࡛ࠖ࠶ࡿࠋ࡛࢜㏙࡭ࡽࢀࡓෆᐜࡣ㸪ᮏᩥࡢグ㏙࡟᫂ࡽ࠿࡟཯ࡍࡿࠋҫָ෨਒ָ༩ඍߏϟϑΨㅮホᙧᘧ㸸඲Ꮫ㒊ඹ㏻ࡢ᥎⸀ヨ㦂࡜ྠᵝࡢᙧᘧ࣭ෆᐜෆᐜ㸸Ϩ 㹙఍ヰᩥ㹛㸦ᶆ‽㸧✵ᡤ௨㝆ࡢᩥ⬦ࢆࡁࡕࢇ࡜ุ᩿ࡍࡿᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿࠋᮏᩥ࡜㑅ᢥ⫥ࡢᣦ♧ㄒࡸ௦ྡモ࡟ࡣὀពࢆᡶ࠸ࡓ࠸ࠋϩ 㹙✵ᡤ⿵඘㹛㸦ᶆ‽㸧Ϫ 㹙ᩥἲ 4 ᢥ㹛㸦ࡸࡸ᫆㸧 ᩥᵓ㐀㸪⮬ືモ࣭௚ືモࡢ༊ู㸪ཷື࡜⬟ື࡞࡝ࡀၥࢃࢀ࡚࠾ࡾ㸪ᇶᮏⓗᩥἲ஦㡯࣭ࠕ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ㛤ദࡢ㛗ᡤ࡜▷ᡤࠖ࡟㛵ࡍࡿⱥᩥࠋ✵ᡤ๓ᚋࡢᩥᵓ㐀ࢆᢕᥱࡋ㸪✵ᡤ࡟ධࢀࡿ࡭ࡁရモ࣭ㄒᙧࢆணࡋ࡞ࡀࡽ㑅ᢥ⫥ࢆྫྷ࿡ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀせồࡉࢀࡿࠋㄒἲࢆᢲࡉ࠼࡚࠸ࢀࡤᐜ᫆࡟ᚓⅬ࡛ࡁࡿࠋϫ 㹙ྠពᩥ㑅ᢥ㹛 㸦ᶆ‽㸧⇍ㄒࡢ▱㆑࡟㛵ࡍࡿၥ㢟࡛㸪㑅ࡧ࡟ࡃ࠸ࡶࡢࡶྵࡲࢀࡿࡀ㸪୍ࡘ୍ࡘ㑅ᢥ⫥ࢆ୎ᑀ࡟᳨ウࡋ࡚ᾘཤࡋ࡚࠸ࡅࡤ㸪ṇ⟅ࢆ⤠ࡾ㎸ࡴࡇ࡜ࡣ࡛ࡁࡿࠋϬ 㹙ㄒᙡ㹛㸦ࡸࡸ᫆㸧 ᇶᮏⓗ࡞༢ㄒࡢ▱㆑ࢆၥ࠺⣲┤࡞ၥ㢟ࠋ᪥㡭࠿ࡽⱥⱥ㎡඾ࢆ౑ࡗ࡚Ꮫ⩦ࡋ࡚࠸ࢀࡤ㸪༢ㄒㄝ᫂ࡢⱥᩥ࡟ࡶࡉ࡯࡝ⱞປࡣࡋ࡞࠸ࡔࢁ࠺ࠋϭ㹙ㄒྃᩚᗎ㹛㸦ᶆ‽㸧ⱥᩥἲࡸ⇍ㄒࡢ▱㆑ࢆ⏝࠸࡚ṇࡋ࠸ㄒྃࡢ୪ࡧࢆỴᐃ࡛ࡁࡿࡀ㸪ᕪࡣࡘࡁࡸࡍ࠸࡜Ϯ㹙㛗ᩥ⥲ྜ㹛㸦ࡸࡸ᫆㸧 ࠕ⮬㌿㌴㐠㌿᫬ࡢ࣓࣊ࣝࢵࢺ╔⏝⩏ົࡢ᫝㠀ࠖ࡟㛵ࡍࡿⱥᩥࠋᮏᩥࡢෆᐜ࡟ࠕྜࢃ࡞ண᝿ࡉࢀࡿࠋ
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