ி㒔኱ᏛᏱᐂᏛ䝉䝭䝘䞊䠄䡡䡡䠅Ᏹᐂ䛻䛚䛡䜛᳜≀䛾ᡂ㛗䛸ᙧែᙧᡂ
Growth and Morphogenesis of Plants in Spaceಖᑛ 㝯ா䠄኱㜰ᕷ❧኱Ꮫ⌮Ꮫ◊✲⛉䠅䠍䠊Ᏹᐂ䛻䛚䛡䜛᳜≀䛾ᙧែᙧᡂ䠎䠊Ᏹᐂ䛻䛚䛡䜛᳜≀䛾ᡂ㛗䠏䠊Ᏹᐂ䛻䛚䛡䜛᳜≀᱂ᇵ䠆Ᏹᐂ §ᚤᑠ㔜ຊ㔜ຊᒅᛶ䠄ᒅᆅᛶ䠅䞉㔜ຊᒅᛶ䛿䚸᳜≀䛾௦⾲ⓗ䛺㔜ຊ཯ᛂ䛷䛒䜛䞉㔜ຊᒅᛶ䛿䚸᳜≀䛜ຠ⋡ⓗ䛺⏕࿨άື䜢Ⴀ䜐ୖ䛷㔜せ䛷䛒䜛䞉ᚤᑠ㔜ຊ⎔ቃ䛿䚸㔜ຊᒅᛶᶵᵓ䛾ゎ᫂䛻฼⏝䛥䜜䛶䛝䛯่⃭䛾ཷᐜ ĺ ่⃭䛾ኚ᥮䞉ఏ㐩 ĺ ่⃭䛻ᑐ䛩䜛཯ᛂ㔜ຊ䛜䛺䛔䛸᳜≀䛾ᙧែ䛿䛹䛖䛺䜛䛛䠛䜽䝸䝜䝇䝍䝑䝖䠖㔜ຊ䛾᪉ྥᛶ䜢┦ẅ䛩䜛⿦⨨䜽䝸䝜䝇䝍䝑䝖 䠄⏣ἑ䠅䠏-䠠 䜽䝸䝜䝇䝍䝑䝖(W. Pfeffer)

Zero-Gravity Instrument Project, United Nations Office for Outer Space Affairs

directed by T. Doi䝕䞁䝥䞁య䜺䞊䝕䞁䜽䝺䝇᰿ෙ䝁䝹䝯䝷⣽⬊䛾ᚤ⣽ᵓ㐀ᑐ↷䠏-䠠䜽䝸䝜䝇䝍䝑䝖㔜ຊ䜽䝸䝜䝇䝍䝑䝖ୖ䛷䛿䝕䞁䝥䞁య䛜ỿ㝆䛧䛺䛔

3-D䜽䝸䝜䝇䝍䝑䝖ୖ䛷䛾䝖䜴䝰䝻䝁䝅ⱆ䜀䛘䛾ᙧែⱼᑐ↷䜽䝸䝜䝇䝍䝑䝖(䝅䝳䞊䝖)ᐃᆺⓗ䛺⮬Ⓨⓗᒅ᭤᰿ᑐ↷䜽䝸䝜䝇䝍䝑䝖䝷䞁䝎䝮᪉ྥ䜈䛾ᡂ㛗䛸⮬Ⓨⓗᒅ᭤䜽䝸䝜䝇䝍䝑䝖ୖ䛷䛿⮬Ⓨⓗᙧែᙧᡂ䠄Automorphogenesis䠅䜢♧䛩Ᏹᐂ䛷䛿᳜≀䛾ᙧែ䛿䛹䛖䛺䜛䛛䠛

STS-95 RICE Ᏹᐂᐇ㦂䜲䝛ᆅୖᏱᐂⱼ᰿᰿ᆅୖᆅୖ䝅䝻䜲䝚䝘䝈䝘Ᏹᐂ᳜≀䛿䚸Ᏹᐂ䛷䜒⮬Ⓨⓗᙧែᙧᡂ䜢⾜䛖⮬Ⓨⓗᒅ᭤ᶵᵓ䛾䝯䜹䝙䝈䝮⫼ഃ䜲䝛ᗂⴥ㠧⫼ഃ䛾⣽⬊䛿䚸ⱝ䛟ఙ䜃䜔䛩䛔ᮏ᮶✀Ꮚഃ䛻ᒅ᭤䛩䜛ᛶ㉁䜢ᣢ䛳䛶䛔䜛䛜䚸㔜ຊ䛜䛒䜛䛸┿䛳┤䛠䛻⏕⫱䛥䛫䜙䜜䜛⭡ഃᏱᐂ䛻䛚䛡䜛᳜≀䛾ᙧែᙧᡂ䠖ᮏ᮶ᣢ䛳䛶䛔䜛ᛶ㉁䛻ᚑ䛳䛯⮬Ⓨⓗᙧែᙧᡂ䜢♧䛩㔜ຊෆᅾ䛩䜛ᡂ㛗⬟ຊ䛾୙ᆒ➼⮬Ⓨⓗᒅ᭤㔜ຊᒅᛶ⮬Ⓨⓗᙧែᙧᡂ䛿䚸ᆅୖ䛷䛿䚸㔜ຊᒅᛶ䛻䜘䛳䛶䝬䝇䜽䛥䜜䛶䛔䜛䠍䠊Ᏹᐂ䛻䛚䛡䜛᳜≀䛾ᙧែᙧᡂ䠎䠊Ᏹᐂ䛻䛚䛡䜛᳜≀䛾ᡂ㛗䠏䠊Ᏹᐂ䛻䛚䛡䜛᳜≀᱂ᇵᆅ⌫ୖ䛷䛾ᚤᑠ㔜ຊᐇ㦂⯟✵ᶵ䛻䜘䜛ᙎ㐨㣕⾜

Bremen Drop Tower୕஭◁ᕝⅣ㖔ⴠୗᆙỈᾐ⿦⨨ (JAXA)

3-D䜽䝸䝜䝇䝍䝑䝖㔜ຊ䛾኱䛝䛥䜢ኚ䛘䜛ᆅୖᐇ㦂䠍䠊Ỉ୰ᇵ㣴䜲䝛䜲䝛ⱆ䜀䛘Ỉ୰ᑐ↷䠄✵Ẽ୰䠅㔜ຊ䛾኱䛝䛥䜢ኚ䛘䜛ᆅୖᐇ㦂䠎䠊㐲ᚰ㐣㔜ຊ
120100ᡂ㛗㔞 (%)

80䝅䝻䜲䝚䝘䝈䝘

60

䜰䝈䜻

40
䜺䞊䝕䞁䜽䝺䝇

䝖䜴䝰䝻䝁䝅

200050

100

150

200

㔜ຊ䛾኱䛝䛥 (J)

250

300

᳜≀䛾ᡂ㛗䛻ᑐ䛩䜛㔜ຊ䛾ᙳ㡪

Ỉ୰

1J

㐣㔜ຊ

᳜≀䛾ᡂ㛗䛻ᑐ䛩䜛㔜ຊ䛾ᙳ㡪

Ᏹᐂ䠛

1J

㐣㔜ຊ

Ᏹᐂ䛷䛿ఙ㛗ᡂ㛗䛜ಁ㐍䛥䜜䜛㛗䛥 (mm)16࢖ࢿࢩࣟ࢖ࢾࢼࢬࢼ

16

14

14

12

12

10

1088ᆅୖᑐ↷
Ᏹᐂ

6ᆅୖᑐ↷
Ᏹᐂ

64

4

2

200

60

84

108

132

60

⏕⫱᫬㛫 (h)84108132Ᏹᐂᐇᐇ㦂䛾ၥ㢟Ⅼ䛸ᑐ⟇䛆Ⓨⱆ䛇䛂ᚤᑠ㔜ຊ䛷䛿஝⇱✀Ꮚ䛾྾Ỉ䛜ᝏ䛟䚸྾Ỉ䞉Ⓨⱆ䛾㐜䜜䛜ᡂ㛗䛻཯ᫎ䛃䛆ᗘ䛇䛂ᚤᑠ㔜ຊ䛸ᑐ↷䛸䛷 ᗘ䛜␗䛺䜛䛃䞉䜻䝱䝡䞁ෆ䛾 ᗘ᝟ሗ䛜䝷䝣䞉ᇵ㣴ᐜჾෆ䛸࿘ᅖ䛸䛾 ᗘᕪ䠄ᑐὶ䛜䛺䛔䠅䛆䜺䝇䛇䛂㌶㐨ୖ䛸ᑐ↷䛸䛷䜺䝇⤌ᡂ䞉≧ែ䛜␗䛺䜛䛃䞉䜶䝏䝺䞁䛾⵳✚䛆ග䛇䛂ග䛿㔜ຊ௦᭰ᅉᏊ䛸䛧䛶ᶵ⬟䛃䛆ヨᩱᅇ཰䛇䛂ᚤᑠ㔜ຊ䛾ຠᯝ䛿㏿䜔䛛䛻ᾘኻ䛃ᆅୖ䛷྾Ỉ䚸෭ⶶᡴ䛱ୖ䛢ᐜჾෆ䛾䝕䞊䝍䝻䜺䞊䛾グ㘓䛻䜘䜚䚸ᚋ䛷ᑐ↷ᐇ㦂䜢ᐇ᪋䜶䝏䝺䞁᢬ᢠᛶ⣔⤫䛾฼⏝᏶඲ᬯᡤ䛷⏕⫱䚸␗䛺䜛㱋䛾ヨᩱ䛿ูᐜჾ䛛䜙㌶㐨ୖ䛷ᛴ㏿෾⤖(GN2)䛧䚸
෾⤖≧ែ䛾䜎䜎ᅇ཰Ᏹᐂ䛷䛿ᇵ㣴ᐜჾෆ䛾ᗘ䛜ኚ䜟䜚䛻䛟䛔Temperature (oC)

30
25
20
15
10Control
Space

50

0

2

4

68Time (h)1012᳜≀䛾ᡂ㛗䛸ᙧែᙧᡂ䛻㛵䛩䜛ᙜ◊✲ᐊ䛾Ᏹᐂᐇ㦂䛂䛝䜌䛖䛃⯪ෆᐇ㦂ᐊ୍ḟ㑅ᐃ䞉 㻾㼕㼏㼑 䠄㻼㻵䠖ಖᑛ㝯ா䠅䛂ᚤᑠ㔜ຊ⎔ቃ䛻䛚䛡䜛㧗➼᳜≀䛾ᡂ㛗ㄪ⠇ᶵᵓ䛃䞉 㻿㼜㼍㼏㼑㻌㻿㼑㼑㼐 䠄㻼㻵䠖⚄㜰┒୍㑻䠅䛂ᚤᑠ㔜ຊ⎔ቃ䛻䛚䛡䜛㧗➼᳜≀䛾⏕ά⎔䛃➨䠐ᅇ䝷䜲䝣䝃䜲䜶䞁䝇ᅜ㝿බເ䞉 㻲㼑㼞㼡㼘㼍㼠㼑 䠄㻼㻵䠖ⱝᯘ࿴ᖾ䠅䛂㻾㼑㼓㼡㼘㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼎㼥㻌㼓㼞㼍㼢㼕㼠㼥㻌㼛㼒㻌㼒㼑㼞㼡㼘㼍㼠㼑 㼒㼛㼞㼙㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼕㼚㻌㼏㼑㼘㼘㻌㼣㼍㼘㼘㼟㻌㼛㼒㻌㼞㼕㼏㼑㻌㼟㼑㼑㼐㼘㼕㼚㼓㼟䠄㔜ຊ䛻䜘䜛䜲䝛ⱆ⏕䛘⣽⬊ቨ䛾䝣䜵䝹䝷㓟ᙧᡂ䛾ไᚚᶵᵓ䠅䛃➨㻡ᅇ䝷䜲䝣䝃䜲䜶䞁䝇ᅜ㝿බເ䞉 㻾㼑㼟㼕㼟㼠㻌㼃㼍㼘㼘 䠄㻼㻵䠖ಖᑛ㝯ா䠅䛂㻾㼛㼘㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌㼙㼕㼏㼞㼛㼠㼡㼎㼡㼘㼑㻙㼙㼑㼙㼎㼞㼍㼚㼑㻙㼏㼑㼘㼘㻌㼣㼍㼘㼘㻌㼏㼛㼚㼠㼕㼚㼡㼡㼙 㼕㼚㻌㼓㼞㼍㼢㼕㼠㼥㻌㼞㼑㼟㼕㼟㼠㼍㼚㼏㼑㼕㼚㻌㻼㼘㼍㼚㼠㼟䠄᳜≀䛾ᢠ㔜ຊ཯ᛂ䛻䛚䛡䜛ᚤᑠ⟶䠉ཎᙧ㉁⭷䠉⣽⬊ቨ㐃⤡䛾ᙺ๭䠅䛃䛂䛝䜌䛖䛃⯪ෆᐇ㦂ᐊ➨䠎ᮇ๓༙฼⏝䞉 㻾㼑㼟㼕㼟㼠㻌㼀㼡㼎㼡㼘㼑㻌䠄㻼㻵䠖ಖᑛ㝯ா䠅䛂᳜≀䛾ᢠ㔜ຊ཯ᛂᶵᵓ䠉䝅䜾䝘䝹ኚ᥮䞉ఏ㐩䛛䜙ᛂ⟅䜎䛷䛃䛂䛝䜌䛖䛃⯪ෆᐇ㦂ᐊ➨䠎ᮇᚋ༙㏣ຍ฼⏝䞉 㻭㼚㼕㼟㼛 㼀㼡㼎㼡㼘㼑㻌䠄㻼㻵䠖᭮ᡃᗣ୍䠅䛂㔜ຊ䛻䜘䜛ⱼ䛾ᙧែኚ໬䛻䛚䛡䜛⾲ᒙᚤᑠ⟶䛸㻹㻭㻼㼟䛾ᙺ๭䛃Ᏹᐂ䛷䛿ⰼⱼ䛾ఙ㛗ᡂ㛗䜒ಁ㐍䛥䜜䜛
40
Ground 1 g
Space 1 g
Space ȝg35

Length (mm)

30
25
20
15
10500

1

2
34567
Time (days after emergence)8⣽⬊ቨ䛜᳜≀య䛾ᡂ㛗䜢┤᥋ⓗ䛻ㄪ⠇䛧䛶䛔䜛⣽⬊ቨ⾲⓶⣽⬊ቨ⥔⟶᮰Ᏹᐂ䛷䛿⣽⬊ቨ䛜ᰂ䜙䛛䛟ఙ䜃䜔䛩䛟䛺䜛⣽⬊ቨ䛾ఙ䜃䜔䛩䛥 (ȝP/g)

2.0ࢩࣟ࢖ࢾࢼࢬࢼ

࢖ࢿ

50
40

1.5

30
1.020
ᆅୖᑐ↷
Ᏹᐂ

0.50

60

84108

ᆅୖᑐ↷
Ᏹᐂ

132

60

⏕⫱᫬㛫 (h)84108101320㔜ຊ䝅䜾䝘䝹䛻ᑐ䛩䜛⣽⬊ቨ䛾ᛂ⟅䞉ຊᏛⓗᙉᗘ䛾ቑຍ䞉ཌ䜏䛾ቑຍ
䞉䝉䝹䝻䞊䝇⧄⥔䛾⵳✚䞉䝬䝖䝸䝑䜽䝇ከ⢾䛾⵳✚䞉ከ⢾㢮䛾ศᏊ䝃䜲䝈䛾ቑຍ䞉ከ⢾㢮䛾௦ㅰᅇ㌿䛾ᢚไ䞉ከ⢾ศゎ㓝⣲άᛶ䛾పୗᏱᐂ䠄ᚤᑠ㔜ຊ䠅

1J㐣㔜ຊ䞉⣽⬊ቨ 㼜㻴㻌䛾ୖ᪼㔜ຊ䝅䜾䝘䝹䛻䜘䜛⣽⬊ቨኚ໬䝉䝹䝻䞊䝇ྜᡂಁ㐍ᯫᶫᙧᡂಁ㐍䝉䝹䝻䞊䝇⵳✚ຍỈศゎ㓝⣲㑇ఏᏊⓎ⌧ᢚไ䝬䝖䝸䝑䜽䝇⵳✚ຍỈศゎ㓝⣲άᛶపୗ䝬䝖䝸䝑䜽䝇ྜᡂಁ㐍ศᏊ䝃䜲䝈ቑຍ⣽⬊ቨෆpHୖ᪼⣽⬊ቨᙉᗘቑຍ᳜≀䛿㔜ຊ䛻䜘䛳䛶ᢲ䛧䛴䜆䛥䜜䛶䛔䜛䛾䛛䠛No !

Ᏹᐂ䠄ᚤᑠ㔜ຊ䠅1J㐣㔜ຊ⎔ቃᛂ⟅ᶵᵓཷᐜ ĺ ኚ᥮䞉ఏ㐩 ĺ ᛂ⟅

᰿ෙ

ཷᐜ
ᰕ㍈ศ⿣ᖏ

ኚ᥮䞉ఏ㐩ఙ㛗ᖏᛂ⟅㔜ຊᒅᛶኚ␗య䛷䜒㐣㔜ຊ䛻ᑐ䛩䜛཯ᛂ䛿ṇᖖ䛷䛒䜛Columbia

sgr1-11g
300 g

pgm1

010 20 30 40 50 60
Cell wall strength (g/mm)

020 40 60 80 100
Gravitropic Curvature (o)䝯䜹䝜䝺䝉䝥䝍䞊㜼ᐖ๣䛿㐣㔜ຊ䛻ᑐ䛩䜛཯ᛂ䜢㜼ᐖ䛩䜛

Control

Gd3+1g
300 g

La3+

0

10 20 30 40 50 60
Cell wall strength (g/mm)

020 40 60 80 100
Gravitropic Curvature (o)䝯䜹䝜䝺䝉䝥䝍䞊㜼ᐖ๣Ꮡᅾୗ䛷䛿ᡂ㛗ᢚไ䛜㉳䛣䜙䛺䛔䞉 㐣㔜ຊ䛻䜘䜛ኚ໬䛿㔜ຊ䛻ᑐ䛩䜛᳜≀䛾ᛂ⟅䛷䛒䜛䞉 㔜ຊᒅᛶ䛸䛿ู䛾㔜ຊᛂ⟅䛜Ꮡᅾ䛩䜛㔜ຊ䛻཯ᛂ䛩䜛⬟ຊ䜢ኻ䛖䛸䛹䛖䛺䜛䛛䠛䞉䛂䛧䛰䜜䛃䛿䚸ᶞᮌ䛻䜘䛟ぢ䜙䜜䜛✺↛ኚ␗䛷䛒䜛䚹䞉䛂䛧䛰䜜䛃⣔⤫䛷䜒㔜ຊᒅᛶ䛿ṇᖖ䛷䛒䜛䚹䞉䛂䛧䛰䜜䛃⣔⤫䛿䚸㔜ຊ䛻ᑐᢠ䛧䛶ᖿ䜢ᨭ䛘䜛䛣䛸䛜䛷䛝䛺䛔䚹᳜≀䛻䛿䠎䛴䛾㔜ຊ཯ᛂ䛜䛒䜛㔜ຊ㔜ຊ䛻ᑐᢠ䛩䜛཯ᛂ䠖ᢠ㔜ຊ཯ᛂ
(Gravity resistance)㔜ຊᒅᛶ㔜ຊᒅᛶ㔜ຊᒅᛶ䛆ཷᐜ䛇ᢠ㔜ຊᢠ㔜ຊ཯ᛂᖹ⾮⣽⬊඲⣽⬊䝕䞁䝥䞁య䛾ỿ㝆ཎᙧ㉁඲య䛾㉁㔞㻔㻫㻕䠛䝯䜹䝜䝺䝉䝥䝍䞊

(MCA)
䛆ኚ᥮䡡ఏ㐩䛇
䜸䞊䜻䝅䞁㍺㏦⣽⬊ෆ䝅䜾䝘䝹ఏ㐩䜸䞊䜻䝅䞁䛾୙ᆒ➼ศᕸ䛆ᛂ⟅䛇ᡂ㛗⣽⬊⣽⬊ቨ௦ㅰ䛾୙ᆒ⾮೫ᕪᡂ㛗䠄ᒅ᭤䠅⣽⬊ቨ௦ㅰ䛾ಟ㣭

⣽⬊ቨᙉ໬

㔜ຊᒅᛶ
㔜ຊᒅᛶ䛆ཷᐜ䛇ᢠ㔜ຊᢠ㔜ຊ཯ᛂᖹ⾮⣽⬊඲⣽⬊

䝕䞁䝥䞁య䛾ỿ㝆

ཎᙧ㉁඲య䛾㉁㔞㻔㻫㻕䠛䝯䜹䝜䝺䝉䝥䝍䞊

(MCA)
䛆ኚ᥮䡡ఏ㐩䛇
䜸䞊䜻䝅䞁㍺㏦⣽⬊ෆ䝅䜾䝘䝹ఏ㐩䜸䞊䜻䝅䞁䛾୙ᆒ➼ศᕸ䛆ᛂ⟅䛇ᡂ㛗⣽⬊⣽⬊ቨ௦ㅰ䛾୙ᆒ⾮೫ᕪᡂ㛗䠄ᒅ᭤䠅⣽⬊ቨ௦ㅰ䛾ಟ㣭⣽⬊ቨᙉ໬䠛

Initial
Relative gene expression䝏䝳䝤䝸䞁㑇ఏᏊ䛾Ⓨ⌧䛻ᑐ䛩䜛㐣㔜ຊ䛾ᙳ㡪

2.5

Relative gene expression

300 g

2.0
1.5
1.00.50

4.01g

InitialTUA11g

TUA2,4

TUA3,5

TUA6

TUB8

TUB9300 g

3.0

2.0

1.00

TUB1 TUB2,3 TUB4TUB5

TUB6

TUB7

㐣㔜ຊ่⃭䛻཯ᛂ䛧䛶⾲ᒙᚤᑠ⟶䛜⣽⬊㛗㍈᪉ྥ䛻㓄ྥ䛧⣽⬊䜢ᶓኴ䜚䛥䛫䜛䝏䝳䞊䝤䝸䞁ኚ␗య䛷䛿⾲ᒙᚤᑠ⟶䛜ഴ䛔䛶䛔䜛
Initial

1g

300 g

tua3

tua4

tua6

Alignment of microtubules (degree)

WT

80

Initial 1 g

300 g

*60
40
200-20-40Col

*

tua3

*

tua4

tua6

᳜≀䛾ᢠ㔜ຊ཯ᛂᶵᵓ
䝭䜽䝻䝣䜱䝷䝯䞁䝖
ᾐ㏱ㄪ⠇ᾮ⬊㔜ຊᚤᑠ⟶

TUBG
Ktn᰾㑇ఏᏊⓎ⌧㓄ྥኚ໬䝂䝹䝆⿦⨨䝉䝹䝻䞊䝇ྜᡂ㓝⣲

MOR1SPR2䝅䜾䝘䝹ఏ㐩RLKCalH+-䝫䞁䝥䜶䜻䝋䝃䜲䝖䞊䝅䝇⣽⬊㉁ཎᙧ㉁⭷䝷䝣䝖⣽⬊ቨ⎔ቃ⣽⬊ቨᡂศ䝯䜹䝜䝺䝉䝥䝍䞊䝉䝹䝻䞊䝇⣽⬊ቨᙉᗘ䝬䝖䝸䝑䜽䝇⣽⬊ቨᡂศ⣽⬊ቨ䛣䛾䝰䝕䝹䛿1 J䛻ᑐ䛩䜛ᢠ㔜ຊ཯ᛂ䛻䜒㐺⏝䛷䛝䜛䛛䠛䝭䜽䝻䝣䜱䝷䝯䞁䝖
ᾐ㏱ㄪ⠇ᾮ⬊㔜ຊᚤᑠ⟶TUBGKtn᰾㑇ఏᏊⓎ⌧㓄ྥኚ໬䝂䝹䝆⿦⨨䝉䝹䝻䞊䝇ྜᡂ㓝⣲

MOR1SPR2䝅䜾䝘䝹ఏ㐩
RLKCalH+-䝫䞁䝥䜶䜻䝋䝃䜲䝖䞊䝅䝇⣽⬊㉁ཎᙧ㉁⭷䝷䝣䝖⣽⬊ቨ⎔ቃ⣽⬊ቨᡂศ䝯䜹䝜䝺䝉䝥䝍䞊䝉䝹䝻䞊䝇⣽⬊ቨᙉᗘ䝬䝖䝸䝑䜽䝇⣽⬊ቨᡂศ⣽⬊ቨResist Tubule᳜≀䛾ᢠ㔜ຊ཯ᛂᶵᵓ䠉䝅䜾䝘䝹ኚ᥮䞉ఏ㐩䛛䜙ᛂ⟅䜎䛷Mechanisms of Gravity Resistance in Plants From Signal Transformation and Transduction to Response┠ⓗᏱᐂ䛾ᚤᑠ㔜ຊ⎔ቃ䜢฼⏝䛧䛶䚸ᢠ㔜ຊ཯ᛂ䛻䛚䛡䜛䝅䜾䝘䝹ኚ᥮䞉ఏ㐩䛛䜙ᛂ⟅䛻⮳䜛ᶵᵓ䜢ゎ᫂䛩䜛䚹௬ㄝ
1 g䛾㔜ຊ䛻ᑐ䛩䜛ᢠ㔜ຊ཯ᛂ䛷䜒䚸⾲ᒙᚤᑠ⟶䛸⭷䝷䝣䝖䛜䝅䜾䝘䝹ኚ᥮䞉ఏ㐩䜢ᢸ䛳䛶䛚䜚䚸୧⪅䛾ᵓ㐀ⓗ䚸ᶵ⬟ⓗ䛺༠ㄪ䛻䜘䛳䛶䚸᭱⤊ⓗ䛺ᛂ⟅䛸䛧䛶䛾⣽⬊ቨᙉᗘ䛾ቑຍ䛜ㄏᑟ䛥䜜䜛䚹◊✲⤌⧊◊✲௦⾲⪅䠖 ಖᑛ㝯ா◊✲ศᢸ⪅䠖 ᶫᮏ 㝯䚸ᮧ୰ಇဢ䚸ᅬ㒊ㄔྖ䚸 ᴬ ๛䚸ⱝᯘ࿴ᖾ䚸᭮ᡃᗣ୍
JAXAᢸᙜ⪅䠖 ᶫᮏ༤ᩥ䚸ᮾ➃ ᫭䚸▼ᒸ ᠇᫛䚸ᔱὠ ᚭ

Run #1 On-site Analysis of Dynamics of Cellular Components
䞉䠐✀䛾GFP䝷䜲䞁䛾ⱆ䜀䛘䜢 Chamber A/V-MEU/CBEFෆ䛷⏕⫱䛥䛫䜛䚹䞉⾲ᒙᚤᑠ⟶䛸⭷䝷䝣䝖䛾ᵓ⠏䞉㓄ྥ䜢 CB⺯ග㢧ᚤ㙾䛷ほᐹ䛩䜛䚹ȝJ
1JChamber A

V-MEU
CBEF

CB Microscope

GFP-MAP4

Run #2 Analysis of Cellular Components on the Ground䞉㔝⏕ᆺ䝅䝻䜲䝚䝘䝈䝘ⱆ䜀䛘䜢Chamber B/V-MEU/CBEFෆ䛷⏕⫱䛥䛫䜛䚹
䞉1.5%䝩䝹䝮䜰䝹䝕䝠䝗䠇0.5%䜾䝹䝍䝹䜰䝹䝕䝠䝗䛷ᅛᐃ䛩䜛䠄KFTෆ䠅䚹䞉෭ⶶ≧ែ䛷ᆅୖ䛻ᅇ཰䛧䚸ᰁⰍ䛧䛶ほᐹ䛩䜛䚹ȝJ1JChamber B

KSC Fixation Tube
V-MEU
CBEF

Run #3 Quantitative evaluation of roles of cortical microtubules䞉ᙧ㉁䛾⛬ᗘ䛜␗䛺䜛䝏䝳䞊䝤䝸䞁ኚ␗య䜢PEU/CBEFෆ䛷⏕⫱䛥䛫䚸ᙧែ䜢ほᐹ䛩䜛䚹
䞉32᪥⏕⫱䛥䛫䛯ᚋ䚸RNAlater⁐ᾮ䛷ᅛᐃ䛩䜛䠄KFTෆ䠅䚹䞉෭෾≧ែ䛷ᆅୖ䛻ᅇ཰䛧䚸㑇ఏᏊⓎ⌧䛾ኚ໬䜢ゎᯒ䛩䜛䚹ȝJ
1J
Plant Exp.
Chamber

KSC Fixation Tube

Plant Exp. Unit
CBEF䝏䝳䞊䝤䝸䞁ኚ␗యᏱᐂ䛻䛚䛡䜛᳜≀䛾ᡂ㛗䠖䞉ᡂ㛗᪉ྥ䛜ኚ໬䛩䜛䠄ఙ㛗ಁ㐍䚸⫧኱ᢚไ䠅䞉⣽⬊ቨ௦ㅰ䛜ኚ໬䛧䛶ఙ䜃䜔䛩䛟䛺䜛䛸䛸䜒䛻䚸㔞ⓗ䛻䜒ᑡ䛺䛟䛺䜛䞉ᚤᑠ⟶䜢䛿䛨䜑䛸䛩䜛⣽⬊ᵓᡂᡂศ䛾ኚ໬䛜䚸⣽⬊ቨ䛾ኚ໬䜢ᨭ䛘䛶䛔䜛䞉ᢠ㔜ຊ཯ᛂᢚไ䛾⤖ᯝ䛸䛧䛶⌮ゎ䛥䜜䜛䠍䠊Ᏹᐂ䛻䛚䛡䜛᳜≀䛾ᙧែᙧᡂ䠎䠊Ᏹᐂ䛻䛚䛡䜛᳜≀䛾ᡂ㛗䠏䠊Ᏹᐂ䛻䛚䛡䜛᳜≀᱂ᇵᏱᐂ䛻䛚䛡䜛᳜≀᱂ᇵ䠖ᙧែ䜔ᡂ㛗䛾ኚ໬䛻␃ព䛩䜛ᚲせ䛜䛒䜛䞉⮬Ⓨⓗᙧែᙧᡂ䞉ᡂ㛗᪉ྥ䛾ኚ໬䞉⣽⬊ቨኚ໬䞉⣽⬊ᵓᡂᡂศ䛾ኚ໬䞉Ᏹᐂ䛷䜒᳜≀䛿⏕ά⎔䜢᏶⤖䛷䛝䜛䞉Ᏹᐂ䛷䛾᳜≀᱂ᇵ䛻䛿᭷฼䛺Ⅼ䜒୙฼䛺Ⅼ䜒䛒䜛䛝䜌䛖䛾⯪ෆᐇ㦂⿦⨨䠄䝷䜲䝣䝃䜲䜶䞁䝇䠅

JAXA
JAXA

⣽⬊ᇵ㣴⿦⨨JAXA

䜽䝸䞊䞁䝧䞁䝏

CB㢧ᚤ㙾ᅜ㝿Ᏹᐂ䝇䝔䞊䝅䝵䞁䛾⌧≧䞉ᮏ᱁ⓗ䛺㐠⏝㛤ጞ䠄2008䡡8䠅䚹䞉㐠⏝䜢2024ᖺ䜎䛷ᘏ㛗䛩䜛䛣䛸䛜Ᏹᐂᶵ㛵㛫䛷ྜព䠄2015䡡12䠅䚹䞉◊✲タഛ䛾⪁ᮙ໬䞉㝞⭉໬䛜┠❧䛴䚹

JAXA

◊✲ィ⏬䛾┠ⓗ᭱ඛ➃⏕࿨⛉Ꮫ◊✲䛻ᑐᛂ䛧䛯◊✲タഛ䜢䛂䛝䜌䛖䛃䛻タ⨨䛧䚸Ᏹᐂ⏕࿨⛉Ꮫ䜢㣕㌍ⓗ䛻Ⓨᒎ䛥䛫䜛䚹᳜≀᱂ᇵไᚚ䞉ゎᯒ䝅䝇䝔䝮䠄15൨෇䠅⏕≀ヨᩱᅇ཰䞉ゎᯒ⤫ྜ䝅䝇䝔䝮
䠄10൨෇䠅⣽⬊ෆືែ䝸䜰䝹䝍䜲䝮ゎᯒ䝅䝇䝔䝮䠄10൨෇䠅့ஙື≀㣫⫱ไᚚ䞉ゎᯒ䝅䝇䝔䝮䠄10൨෇䠅⯪እᐇ㦂䝥䝷䝑䝖䝣䜷䞊䝮฼⏝ᐇ㦂᪋タ䠄25൨෇䠅㐠ᦙ䞉㐠⏝㈝
䠄110൨෇䠅Ᏹᐂᐇ㦂䛾ព⩏䛸ᛂ⏝z ᢠ㔜ຊ཯ᛂᶵᵓ䛾ゎ᫂z 㝣ୖ᳜≀䛾㐍໬㐣⛬䛾ゎ᫂z ௚䛾⎔ቃᛂ⟅ᶵᵓゎ᫂䜈䛾㈉⊩z Ᏹᐂ⎔ቃୗ䛷䛾᳜≀⏕⏘䛾ຠ⋡໬䠄ᢠ㔜ຊᶵᵓ䛾ᨵኚ䛻䜘䜛䛂Ᏹᐂ᳜≀䛃䛾సฟ䠅z ᆅ⌫ୖ䛷䛾᳜≀⏕⏘䛾ຠ⋡໬