医学部進学予備校メビオ

解答速報
藤田医科大学（後期） 英語

2024年3月3日実施

࣐࣮ࢡゎ⟅ᇹᲫբ
ᇹᲬբ
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ᇹᲯբ
ၥ

ᾏ⋤ᫍࡢእ࡟ᗈࡀࡿ࢝࢖ࣃ࣮࣋ࣝࢺ࡟Ꮡᅾࡍࡿኳయࡢ㌶㐨ࡀኴ㝧࠿ࡽᘬࡁ㞳ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡼ࠺࡟ぢ࠼㸯ࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࠋၥ㸰ᬯ㯮≀㉁ࡢᏑᅾࢆ௬ᐃࡋ࡞ࡅࢀࡤኻࢃࢀࡓ㉁㔞ࢆㄝ࡛᫂ࡁ࡞࠸࡜࠸࠺ၥ㢟ࠋၥ(ϸ) ࡑࡢᘬຊࡣ㊥㞳ࡑࡢࡶࡢ࡟཯ẚ౛ࡋࡓ್࡟㏆࡙ࡃ㸱(Ϲ) ᛴ㏿࡟ῶᑡࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡣ࡞࠸(Ϻ) 㖟Ἑ⣔࡟Ꮡᅾࡍࡿ௚ࡢኳయၥ㸲ᑠࡉ࡞ࣈࣛࢵࢡ࣮࣍ࣝ᭱኱࡛ᆅ⌫ࡢ 10 ಸࡢ㉁㔞ࢆࡶࡘᮍ▱ࡢᝨᫍၥ࠼㸳

ᇹᲰբ
(1)

in December 2020, Singapore became the first country in the world to approve the marketingof cultured meat, and commercial production began there.

(2)

To properly price cells and brands in the cultured meat industry, we need a business platformthat guarantees they are not used illegally(3)

However, the government hopes that businesses will first thoroughly prepare for mass
production, so the discussion continues in parallel without a consensus.

ҫָ෨਒ָ༩ඍߏϟϑΨゎㄝ

➨1ၥ
ၥ 1.

ᩥἲ࣭ㄒἲ

(1) Adult as Jane was at that time, she still enjoyed playing with dolls.
ࠕࢪ࢙࣮ࣥࡣࡑࡢᙜ᫬኱ே࡛࠶ࡗࡓࡀࠊ౫↛࡜ࡋ࡚ேᙧ㐟ࡧࢆᴦࡋࢇ࡛࠸ࡓࠖ<ෙモࡢ࡞࠸ྡ as S V~> ࠕ㹼ࡔࡅࢀ࡝ࡶࠖ࡜࠸࠺ㆡṌࡢ⾲⌧ࠋၥ 2.

(2) John found the dictionary his mother had brought of great use.
ࠕࢪࣙࣥࡣẕࡀᣢࡗ࡚ࡁࡓ㎡᭩ࡀ㠀ᖖ࡟ᙺ࡟❧ࡘ࡜ᛮࡗࡓࠖ
“of + ᢳ㇟ྡモ = ᙧᐜモ” ࡛࠶ࡾࠊ “of great use = very useful” ࡢព࿡࡛࠶ࡿࠋၥ 3.

(4) It is necessary for new students to be reminded that submitting this assignment is mandatory.
ࠕࡇࡢㄢ㢟ࡢᥦฟ⩏ົࢆ᪂ධ⏕࡟ᛮ࠸ฟࡉࡏࡿᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿࠖ<remind ே that ~> ࠕே࡟㹼ࢆᛮ࠸ฟࡉࡏࡿࠖ࡜࠸࠺⾲⌧ࡢཷືែࠋၥ 4.

(2) That bridge was believed to be safe to stay under during a tornado.
ࠕ❳ᕳ᫬ࡑࡢᶫࡢୗ࡟࠸ࡿ࡜Ᏻ඲ࡔ࡜ಙࡌࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡓࠖ
“S is believed to V ~ = It is believed that S V~” ࡞ࡢ࡛ࠊࡇࡢᩥࢆ᭩ࡁ᥮࠼ࡿ࡜ “It was believed that thatbridge was safe to stay under during a tornado” ࡜࡞ࡿࠋḟ࡟ “that bridge was safe to stay under during atornado” ࡢᩥࢆ⪃࠼ࡿࠋࡇࡢ୙ᐃモࡣ tough ᵓᩥࢆᵓᡂࡋ࡚࠾ࡾࠊ under ࡢ┠ⓗㄒࡀ୺ㄒ࡟࠶ࡿࠋ
ࡲࡓࡇࡢᩥࡣ “it was safe to stay under that bridge during a tornado” ࡜᭩ࡁ᥮࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋၥ 5.

(4) The contestants spelled so many words wrong that the judges could not accept their answers.
ࠕ␗㆟⏦❧ேࡀ࠶ࡲࡾ࡟ከࡃࡢ༢ㄒࡢ⥛ࡾࢆ㛫㐪ࡗ࡚࠸ࡓࡓࡵࠊ⿢ุᐁࡣᙼࡽࡢᅇ⟅᭩ࢆཷࡅධࢀ
࡞࠿ࡗࡓࠖ<spell ~ wrong> ࠕ㹼ࢆ㛫㐪ࡗ࡚⥛ࡿࠖ࡜࠸࠺⾲⌧ࠋࡇࡢ᫬ࡢ wrong ࡣࠊ๪モ࡛ࠕ㛫㐪ࡗ࡚ࠖ࡜࠸࠺
ព࿡࡛࠶ࡿࠋၥ 6.

(2) The young man was elected mayor of the capital city.
ࠕࡑࡢⱝ⪅ࡀ㤳㒔ࡢᕷ㛗࡟㑅ฟࡉࢀࡓࠖ
୍⯡࡟၏୍ࡢࠊ࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣ≉Ṧࡢ┠❧ࡗࡓ⫋ົࡸᆅ఩ࢆ⾲ࡍྡモࢆ⿵ㄒࡶࡋࡃࡣ as ࡢ┠ⓗㄒ࡜ࡍࡿሙྜ࡟ࡣࠊᬑ㏻ෙモࢆࡘࡅ࡞࠸ࠋࡓࡔࡋࠊ the ࢆࡘࡅࡿࡇ࡜ࡶ࠶ࡿࠋ

➨2ၥ
ၥ 1.

(7) (4)

ㄒྃᩚᗎ(At present, I am not planning to talk to them, but I) am quite willing to if need be (.)

I ࡟⥆ࡅࡽࢀࡿㄒ࡜ࡋ࡚ am ࢆ⨨ࡁࠊࠕ୍ྥ࡟ࠖࢆ quite ࡛⾲ࡍࠋ<be willing to do ~>ࡢᙧࢆண᝿ࡍࡿ
ࡀࠊbe ࡣ if ࡢ୰࡛⏝࠸ࡿࡇ࡜࡟ὀពࡍࡿࠋ<if need be>࡛ࠕᚲせࡀ࠶ࢀࡤࠖࡢព࿡ࢆ⾲ࡍ࢖ࢹ࢕࣒࢜
࡛࠶ࡿࠋ<be willing to do ~> ࠕ㹼ࡋ࡚ࡶᵓࢃ࡞࠸ࠖ
<if need be> ࠕᚲせ࡜࠶ࢀࡤࠖၥ 2.

(3) (4)(She) tore the sticker her brother gave her off the wall (.)<tear A off B> ࡛ࠕA ࢆ B ࠿ࡽᘬࡁࡣࡀࡍࠖࡢព࿡࡟࡞ࡿࠋ
ࠕ඗ࡀࡃࢀࡓࢫࢸࢵ࣮࢝ࠖࢆ “the stickerher brother gave her” ࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊA ࡢ఩⨨࡟ධࢀࡿࠋ

ҫָ෨਒ָ༩ඍߏϟϑΨၥ 3.

(5) (3)

Break the rules and you’ll get in trouble (.)඲యࡀࠊ “࿨௧ᩥ and 㹼” ࡢᵓ㐀࡟࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜࡟ὀពࡍࡿࠋࡑࡢព࿡࡛࠶ࡿࠕ㹼ࡋ࡞ࡉ࠸ࠋࡑ࠺ࡍࢀࡤ㹼ࠖࡣࠕ㹼ࡍࢀࡤࠊ㹼࡞ࡿࡔࢁ࠺ࠖ࡜ㄞࡳ᭰࠼ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࠊᮏၥ࡟ࡶ㐺⏝࡛ࡁࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ
ࢃ࠿ࡿࠋ<get in trouble> ࠕ㠃ಽ࡞ࡇ࡜࡟࡞ࡿࠊགྷ௓࡞ࡇ࡜࡟ᕳࡁ㎸ࡲࢀࡿࠖၥ 4.

(4) (7)

Movies he has ever praised are seldom criticized (by others).

ࠕᙼࡀ୍ᗘ࡛ࡶ〔ࡵࡓࡇ࡜ࡢ࠶ࡿᫎ⏬ࠖࡣࠊ “movies he has ever praised” ࡜࡛ࡁࡿࠋever ࡣࠊࠕ୍ᗘ
࡛ࡶࠖࡢព࿡࡛⏝࠸ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
ࠕ㹼࡟࡯࡜ࢇ࡝ࡅ࡞ࡉࢀ࡞࠸ࠖࡣࠊ “~ are seldom criticized” ࡜࡞ࡿࠋ‽ྰᐃㄒࡢ๪モ seldom ࡣࠊnot ࡜ྠࡌ఩⨨࡟ධࢀࡿࠋ

➨㸱ၥ
ၥ 1.

㛗ᩥ⥲ྜࠕ࢖ࣥࢱࣅ࣮ࣗࡢᩥ⬦࡟ᇶ࡙ࡅࡤࠊ
㸦
[15࠶㸧࡟ࡣ࡝ࡢㄒྃࡀ᭱ࡶࡩࡉࢃࡋ࠸࠿ࠋゎ⟅ࡢ␒ྕࢆ]࡟グධࡋ࡞ࡉ࠸ࠖ

(3) And the way that we do that is we grow the cells of animals, in this case in big metal tanks instead of theanimal themselves.
ࠕࡑࡋ࡚⚾ࡓࡕࡀ⫗ࢆసࡿ᪉ἲࡣࠊື≀ࡢ⣽⬊ࢆ⫱࡚ࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡛ࠊࡇࡢሙྜࠊື≀ࡑࡢࡶࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃࠊ኱ࡁ࡞㔠ᒓ〇ࡢࢱࣥࢡ࡛⫱࡚ࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡛ࡍࠖ
ࡇࡢ 1 ᩥ࡟⥆ࡃᩥ࡛ࡣࠊࠕࡔ࠿ࡽ⚾ࡓࡕࡣᗈ࠸∾ሙࡶᐙ␆ࢆ⫱࡚ࡿ㈨※ࡶᚲせ࡜ࡋࡲࡏࢇࠋࡑࢀࢆᚲせ࡜ࡋ࡞ࡃ࡚ࡶࠊ⚾ࡓࡕࡣྠࡌࡇ࡜ࢆࡶࡗ࡜ୖᡭ࡞᪉ἲ࡛࡛ࡁࡿࡢ࡛ࡍࠖ࡜࠶ࡾࠊ⫗ࢆసࡿࡢ࡟ࢃࡊࢃࡊᐙ␆ࢆ㣫⫱ࡍࡿ࡜ࡇࢁ࠿ࡽጞࡵࡿᚲせࡣ࡞࠸࡜ࢃ࠿ࡿࡢ࡛ࠊ(3)ࡀṇゎ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ௚ࡢ㑅ᢥ⫥ࡢព࿡ࡣࠊ(1)ࠕᚑ᮶ࡢᐇ㦂ᐊࠖࠊ(2)ࠕ㣗ᩱᗫᲠ᪋タࠖࠊ(4)ࠕ඾ᆺⓗ࡞௦᭰⫗ࢆ⏝࠸ࡿࡇ࡜࡛ࠖ࠶ࡿࠋ
ၥ 2.

ࠕ࢖ࣥࢱࣅ࣮ࣗࡢᩥ⬦࡟ᇶ࡙ࡅࡤࠊ
㸦[16࠸㸧࡟ࡣ࡝ࡢㄒྃࡀ᭱ࡶࡩࡉࢃࡋ࠸࠿ࠋゎ⟅ࡢ␒ྕࢆ]࡟グධࡋ࡞ࡉ࠸ࠖ

(4) We can start to eat things that aren’t possible now because of constraints related to our existing farming
system and domesticated animals.
ࠕ⚾ࡓࡕࡣࠊ᪤Ꮡࡢ␆⏘᪉ἲࡸᐙ␆࡟㛵㐃ࡍࡿ✀ࠎࡢไ⣙ࡀ㸦ࡇࢀࡲ࡛ࡣ㸧࠶ࡗࡓࡢ࡛ࠊ௒ࡣ㣗࡭ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁ࡞࠸ࡶࡢࢆ㣗࡭ࡿࡼ࠺࡟࡞ࡿࡔࢁ࠺ࠖ⤯⁛✀ࡢ୰࠿ࡽ࣐ࣥࣔࢫࢆ㑅ࢇࡔࡢࡣ࡞ࡐ࠿࡜ၥࢃࢀ࡚ࠊࢸ࢕࣒ࡣ 5 ࡘ┠ࡢⓎゝࡢ➨ 1 ᩥ࡛ࠊࠕࡑ
ࢀࡣᐇ㝿࡟ὀពࢆࡦࡃࡓࡵ࡛࠶ࡾࠊ㣗࡭≀ࡀ௒ᚋ࡝࠺࡞ࡿ࠿ࡣ⚾ࡓࡕࡀ௒ࡲ࡛⤒㦂ࡋ࡚ࡁࡓࡶࡢ࡜
ࡣ㐪࠺ࡶࡢ࡟࡞ࡾ࠺ࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࡇࡢ✀ࡢ㆟ㄽࢆጞࡵࡿࡓࡵ࡛ࡍࠖ࡜⟅࠼࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜࠿ࡽࠊ(4)ࡀṇゎ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ௚ࡢ㑅ᢥ⫥ࡢព࿡ࡣࠊ(1)ࠕ௒࡜ࡲࡗࡓࡃྠࡌࡼ࠺࡟㣗࡭⥆ࡅࡿࠖ
ࠊ(2)ࠕ௚ࡢ✀ࡀ⤯⁛ࡍࡿࡢࢆ㜵ࡄࠖ
ࠊ(3)ࠕ⚾ࡓࡕࡢ♽ඛࡢ∾␆ᢏ⾡ࢆ⏝࠸ࡿࡇ࡜࡟ᡠࡿ࡛ࠖ࠶ࡿࠋ
ၥ 3.

ࠕ࣐ࣥࣔࢫࡢ࣑࣮ࢺ࣮࣎ࣝ࡟㛵ࡍࡿ࢖ࣥࢱࣅ࣮ࣗ࡟࠾࠸࡚㏙࡭ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿෆᐜ࡟᭱ࡶ㏆࠸ࡢࡣ࡝ࡢᩥ࠿ࠋゎ⟅ࡢ␒ྕࢆ[17]࡟グධࡋ࡞ࡉ࠸ࠖ

(3)ࠕ࣐ࣥࣔࢫ࡟㏆⦕࡞㛵ಀ࡟࠶ࡿື≀ࡢࢤࣀ࣒ࢆ฼⏝ࡋ࡚⛉Ꮫ⪅ࡓࡕࡣࡑࢀࢆసࡗࡓࠖ
ࢸ࢕࣒ࡢ 4 ࡘ┠ࡢⓎゝ➨ 3 ᩥ࡟ࠊࠕࡑࢀࡺ࠼ࠊ⚾ࡓࡕ⛉Ꮫ⪅ࢳ࣮࣒ࡣࠊ࠿࡞ࡾ㏆⦕ᛶࡀ㧗࠸࢔ࣇࣜ࢝㇟ࡢࢤࣀ࣒ࢆ⏝࠸࡚ࠊࡑࡢࢠࣕࢵࣉࢆᇙࡵࡓࠖ࡜࠶ࡿࠋࡕ࡞ࡳ࡟ (1) ࡟ࡣ “strict testing was notneeded” ࠕཝ᱁࡞᳨ᰝࡣᚲせ࡛ࡣ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࠖ࡜࠶ࡿࡀࠊࢸ࢕࣒ࡢ᭱ᚋࡢⓎゝ➨ 2 ᩥࡢ “it can’t cometo market without seriously rigorous testing ~” ࠕࡑࢀࡣ࠿࡞ࡾཝᐦ࡞᳨ᰝ࡞ࡋ࡛ࡣᕷሙ࡟ฟࡍࡇ࡜ࡣ࡛ࡁ࡞࠸ࠖ࡟཯ࡍࡿࠋ(2) ࡣ “plant-based meat alternative” ࡀࠕ᳜≀⏤᮶ࡢ௦᭰⫗ࠖ࡜࠸࠺ព࿡࡞ࡢ࡛ࠊ୙㐺ࠋ(3) ࡟ࡣ “~ won’t exist on our planet 4,000 years from now” ࠕ௒ᚋ 4,000 ᖺ㛫ᆅ⌫ୖ࡟Ꮡᅾࡋ࡞
࠸ࠖ࡜࠶ࡿࡀࠊࢸ࢕࣒ࡢ 4 ࡘ┠ࡢⓎゝ➨ 5 ᩥࡢ “~ that hasn’t been on the planet for 4,000 years now”
ࠕࡇࢀࡲ࡛ 4,000 ᖺ㛫ᆅ⌫ୖ࡟Ꮡᅾࡋ࡚࠸࡞࠸ࠖ࡟཯ࡍࡿࠋ

ҫָ෨਒ָ༩ඍߏϟϑΨၥ 4.

ࠕ࢖ࣥࢱࣅ࣮ࣗ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࠊࢸ࢕࣒ࡀ㏙࡭ࡓࡇ࡜࡟᭱ࡶ㏆࠸ࡢࡣ࡝ࡢᩥ࠿ࠋゎ⟅ࡢ␒ྕࢆ[18]࡟

グධࡋ࡞ࡉ࠸ࠖ
(1)ࠕ⚾ࡓࡕࡀ㣗⩦័ࢆኚ࠼࡞࠸㝈ࡾࠊேࠎࡣࡘ࠸࡟ࡣ⤯⁛ࡋ࡚ࡋࡲ࠺ྍ⬟ᛶࡀ࠶ࡿࠖ
ࢸ࢕࣒ࡢ 5 ࡘ┠ࡢⓎゝ᭱⤊ᩥ࡟ࠊࠕࡑࡋ࡚ࠊࡶࡋ⚾ࡓࡕࡢ⌧ᅾࡢ࠶ࡾ᪉ࠊ⌧ᅾࡢ㣗⩦័ࢆ⥆ࡅࡿ࡞ࡽࠊ⚾ࡓࡕࡣ⮬ࡽࢆ⤯⁛࡟㏣࠸㎸ࡴྍ⬟ᛶࡀ࠿࡞ࡾ㧗࠸ࠖ࡜࠶ࡿࠋࡕ࡞ࡳ࡟ (2)ࠕࢤࣀ࣒ࡢࢠࣕࢵ
ࣉࢆᇙࡵࡿࡇ࡜࡛ࠊ࣐ࣥࣔࢫࢆ⤯⁛࠿ࡽࡼࡳࡀ࠼ࡽࡏࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡓࠖࡣࠊᮏᩥ࡟ࡑࡢࡼ࠺࡞グ㏙ࡣぢᙜࡓࡽ࡞࠸ࠋ(3) ࡟ࡣࠊ “a scent that is very similar to the meat of a cow”ࠕ∵⫗࡟࡜࡚ࡶఝ࡚࠸ࡿໝ࠸ࠖ࡜࠶ࡿࡀࠊࢸ࢕࣒ࡢ᭱ึࡢⓎゝ᭱⤊ᩥ࡟ “quite a unique aroma that was closer to crocodile than itwas to beef” ࠕ∵⫗ࡼࡾࡶࢡࣟࢥࢲ࢖ࣝ࡟㏆࠸⊂≉ࡢ㤶ࡾࠖ࡜࠶ࡾࠊࡇࢀ࡟཯ࡍࡿࠋ(4) ࡟ࡣࠊ “byfirst growing 40 billion cells” ࡜࠶ࡾࠊ࣐ࣥࣔࢫࡢ࣑࣮ࢺ࣮࣎ࣝࡣࠕ᭱ึ࡟ 400 ൨ࡢ⣽⬊ࢆ⫱࡚ࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ࠖᐇ⌧ࡋࡓ࡜ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡀࠊࡇࢀࡣࢸ࢕࣒ࡢ 4 ࡘ┠ࡢⓎゝ᭱⤊ᩥࡢ “~ we grew 40 billion ofthese cells to end up making the mammoth meatball”

ࠕ⣽⬊ࢆ 400 ൨ࡲ࡛⫱࡚ࡓ⤖ᯝࠊ᭱⤊ⓗ࡟࣐ࣥࣔࢫࡢ࣑࣮ࢺ࣮࣎ࣝࡀฟ᮶ୖࡀࡗࡓࠖ࡟཯ࡍࡿࠋ

➨㸲ၥ
ၥ 1.

㛗ᩥ⥲ྜ

ࠕᩥ❶୰ࡢᩥ⬦࡟᭱ࡶ㐺ࡍࡿㄒࢆࠊ✵ᡤ(࠶)࡟ධࢀ࡞ࡉ࠸ࠋゎ⟅ࡢ␒ྕࢆ[19]࡟グධࡋ࡞ࡉ࠸ࠖ(1) A recent survey of one cluster of those islands –– the first in 50 years –– shows that swelling seas might
have led to a massive mangrove expansion, researchers report November 1 in Proceedings of the Royal SocietyB.
ࠕࡑࡢ୍⩌ࡢᓥࠎ࡛᭱㏆⾜ࢃࢀࡓㄪᰝ––ࡇࢀࡣ 50 ᖺࡪࡾࡢㄪᰝ࡛࠶ࡿࡀ––࡟ࡼࢀࡤࠊᾏỈ㠃ࡢୖ᪼࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ࠊ࣐ࣥࢢ࣮ࣟࣈᯘࡀ኱ࡁࡃᣑࡀࡗࡓྍ⬟ᛶࡀ࠶ࡿ࡜ࠊ◊✲⪅ࡀࠗ⋤❧༠఍⣖せ B࠘ㄅୖ
࡛ 11 ᭶ 1 ᪥࡟ሗ࿌ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠖࡲࡎ┤ᚋࡢ➨ 2 ẁⴠ࡟ࠊࠕୡ⏺ࡢ௚ࡢᆅᇦ࡛ࡣࠊᾏỈ㠃ࡢୖ᪼࡟ࡼࡾ࣐ࣥࢢ࣮ࣟࣈᯘࡀ༴ᶵ࡟ࡉ
ࡽࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡀࠊࢢ࣮ࣞࢺࣂࣜ࢔࣮ࣜࣇࡢෆ㒊࡟఩⨨ࡍࡿ Howick ㅖᓥ࡛ࡣࠊᆅ㉁Ꮫୖࡢኚ㑄ࡀ≉Ṧ࡞ࡓࡵࠊヰࡀ㐪ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠖ࡜࠶ࡾࠊㄪᰝࡉࢀࡓ Howick ㅖᓥ࡛ࡣᾏỈ㠃ࡢୖ᪼࡟ࡼࡾ㏻ᖖ࡜ࡣ␗
࡛ࡁࡿࠋࡓࡔࡋࠊࡑࡢෆᐇࡣࡍࡄ࡟ࡣㄝ᫂ࡉࢀࡎࠊ➨ 6 ẁⴠ࡛ Howick࡞ࡿ஦ែࡀⓎ⏕ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜᥎
ㅖᓥ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ࣐ࣥࢢ࣮ࣟࣈᯘࡢ

㔞ἲࡀㄒࡽࢀࠊ⥆ࡃ➨ 7 ẁⴠ➨ 1 ᩥ࡟ࠕࡑࡢᓥࠎ࡟ࡣ 54,000 ࣓࣮

ࢺࣝࢺࣥ㏆ࡃࡢ࣐ࣥࢢ࣮ࣟࢢࡀ⌧ᅾ⏕ᜥࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜ࠊㄪᰝᅋࡣ᥎ィࡋ࡚࠾ࡾࠊࡇࢀࡣ 1973 ᖺࡢྠᆅࡼࡾ࠾ࡼࡑ 10,000 ࣓࣮ࢺࣝࢺࣥቑຍࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠖ࡜࠸࠺᥎ィࡀ♧ࡉࢀࠊࡼ࠺ࡸࡃ࣐ࣥࢢ࣮ࣟࣈᯘࡀ
ቑຍࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜ࢃ࠿ࡿࠋၥ 2.

ࠕୗ⥺ࢆᘬ࠿ࢀࡓ “mitigate” ࡜࠸࠺ㄒࡀᣢࡘࠊᩥ❶୰ࡢᩥ⬦࡟᭱ࡶ㐺ࡍࡿព࿡ࢆ㑅ࡧ࡞ࡉ࠸ࠋゎ⟅ࡢ␒ྕࢆ[20]࡟グධࡋ࡞ࡉ࠸ࠖ(4) weaken ࠕᙅࡵࡿࠖୗ⥺ࢆྵࡴ 1 ᩥࡢព࿡ࡣࠕ࣐ࠗࣥࢢ࣮ࣟࣈࡢࣈ࣮࣮ࣝ࢝࣎ࣥࢆά⏝ࡋ࡚Ẽೃኚືࢆᢚ࠼ࡼ࠺࡜࠸࠺㛵ᚰࡀ㧗ࡲࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ࠘࡜ࠊࢣ࣮࣮࣭ࣜࣜࣟࢪ࣮ࣕࢬ࡜࠸࠺࣮࢜ࢫࢺࣛࣜ࢔ࡢ࢘ࣟࣥࢦࣥ኱Ꮫࡢ⎔ቃᏛ⪅ࡀ㏙࡭࡚࠸ࡿ࡛ࠖ࠶ࡿࠋ
ၥ 3.

ࠕHowick ㅖᓥ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࠊ⛉Ꮫ⪅ࢳ࣮࣒ࡣఱࢆ᥎ィࡋࡓ࠿ࠋゎ⟅ࡢ␒ྕࢆ[21]࡟グධࡋ࡞ࡉ࠸ࠖ

(1)ࠕࡑࡢỈᇦ࡟⏕ᜥࡍࡿ⏕≀ࡢᩘࠖ(2)ࠕᾏỈ㠃ࡢୖ᪼⋡ࠖ(3)ࠕᾏỈ୰ࡢሷศ⃰ᗘࠖ(4)ࠕ࣐ࣥࢢ࣮ࣟࣈᯘࡢつᶍࠖ
Howick ㅖᓥ࡛ࡢㄪᰝ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊ➨ 6 ẁⴠࡢ➨㸯ᩥ࡛ࡑࡢ┠ⓗࡀࠊ➨ 2࣭᭱⤊ᩥ࡛ࡑࡢෆᐜࡀ㏙
࡭ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋၥ 3 ࡢ┤᥋ࡢゎ⟅᰿ᣐ࡟࡞ࡿࡢࡣ᭱⤊ᩥ࡛࠶ࡾࠊ
ࠕㄪᰝᅋࡣࠊィࡉࢀࡓಶࠎࡢ࣐ࣥࢢ࣮ࣟࣈࡢᖜ࡜㧗ࡉࢆ౑ࡗ࡚ࠊࢻ࣮ࣟࣥ࡟ࡼࡿୖ✵࠿ࡽࡢࢹ࣮ࢱ࠿ࡽࠊ࣐ࣥࢢ࣮ࣟࣈᯘࡢṧࡾࡢᗈҫָ෨਒ָ༩ඍߏϟϑΨࡉࢆ᥎ᐃࡋࠊ࣐ࣥࢢ࣮ࣟࣈࡢ⏕≀㔞ࢆ᥎ィࡋࡓࠖ࡜࠶ࡿࠋ
ၥ4.

ࠕHowick ㅖᓥ࡛࣐ࣥࢢ࣮ࣟࣈࡢ⮬⏕ᆅࡀኚ໬ࡋࡓཎᅉࡣఱࡔࡗࡓ࠿ࠋゎ⟅ࡢ␒ྕࢆ[22]࡟グධࡋ࡞ࡉ࠸ࠖ
(1)ࠕ࿘ᅖࡢ᳃ᯘࡀᡂ㛗ࡋࡓࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ࠊࣈ࣮࣮ࣝ࢝࣎ࣥ㸦ᾏὒ⏕ែ⣔࡟⵳✚ࡉࢀࡿⅣ⣲㸧ࡀቑ࠼ࡓ࡜࠸࠺஦ᐇࠖ
(2)ࠕ࠿ࡘ࡚⌈⍚♋ࡔࡗࡓᓥࡢ୍㒊ࡀࡩࡓࡓࡧỈἐࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜࠸࠺஦ᐇࠖ
(3)ࠕᾏ㠃ࡀపୗࡋ࡚ࡼࡾከࡃࡢ࣐ࣥࢢ࣮ࣟࣈࡀእẼ࡟ࡉࡽࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜࠸࠺஦ᐇࠖ
(4)ࠕ࣐ࣥࢢ࣮ࣟࣈࡢ㏆ࡃ࡛⏕ᜥࡍࡿ⏕≀ࡀከࡃ࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ࠊ࣐ࣥࢢ࣮ࣟࣈࡢ⏕≀㔞඲యࡶቑ࠼࡚࠸ࡿ࡜࠸࠺஦ᐇࠖ
➨8ẁⴠ࡛ࠊHowick ㅖᓥࡀᾏ㠃ୖ᪼࡟ࡼࡗ࡚࣐ࣥࢢ࣮ࣟࣈࡢ⏕⫱࡟㐺ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࠊ12,000ᖺ࡯࡝๓ࡢ᭱⤊ịᮇᴟ኱ᮇ࡟ࠊ࣮࢜ࢫࢺࣛࣜ࢔໭㒊ࡢᾏ㠃ୖ᪼࡟క࠸ࠊ⌈⍚♋ࡀᾏỈ࡟ᾐ࠿ࡗ࡚ࡋࡲࡗࡓࡇ࡜ࠊࡑࡢᩘ༓ᖺᚋ࡟ᾏ㠃ࡀపୗࡋ࡚ࠊࡴࡁฟࡋ࡟࡞ࡗࡓ⌈⍚♋ࡀሁ✚≀໬ࡋࠊ௒ࡲࡓᾏ㠃ࡀୖ᪼ࡋ࡚ᾏỈ࡜ሁ✚≀ࡀΰࡌࡾྜࡗࡓࡶࡢࡀ࡛ࡁ࠶ࡀࡾࠊࡇࢀࡀᾏỈ࡟⪏ᛶࡢ࠶ࡿ࣐ࣥࢢ࣮ࣟࣈ࡟࡜ࡗ࡚᭱㐺ࡢ⏕⫱⎔ቃ࡟࡞ࡗࡓࡇ࡜ࡀ♧ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋḟࡢ➨9ẁⴠ࡛ࡣࠊࣟࢪ࣮ࣕࢬࡢⓎゝ࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊ
Howick ㅖᓥࡢ୍㒊ࡀỈἐࡋࡓࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ࠕࡲࡓ࣐ࣥࢢ࣮ࣟࣈࡢ⮬⏕ᆅ࡜ࡋ࡚㐺ࡍࡿࡼ࠺࡟࡞ࡗ
ࡓࡀࠊࡑࢀࡣ࠾ࡑࡽࡃࡑࡇࡀ2,000㹼4,000ᖺ๓ࡢ≧ἣ࡟࡞ࡗࡓ࠿ࡽࡔࢁ࠺ࠖ࡜࠶ࡿࠋࡇࢀࡽࢆᡭࡀ
࠿ࡾ࡟ࡍࢀࡤࠊ(2)ࡀṇゎࡔ࡜ุ᩿࡛ࡁࡿࠋ➨㸳ၥၥ 1.

㛗ᩥ⥲ྜୗ⥺㒊ൕAൖ Planet Nine ࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ࡣ➨ 2 ẁⴠ➨ 1 ᩥ࡛ලయⓗ࡟⤂௓ࡉࢀ࡚࠾ࡾࠊࡑࡢ 1 ᩥࡢព࿡ࡣࠕࣉࣛࢿࢵࢺ࣭ࢼ࢖ࣥ௬ㄝࡣࠊ2016 ᖺ࡟ึࡵ࡚ᥦၐࡉࢀࡓࡢࡔࡀࠊᾏ⋤ᫍࡢእ࡟ᗈࡀࡿ࢝࢖ࣃ࣮
࣋ࣝࢺ࡟Ꮡᅾࡍࡿኳయࡢ௚࡜␗࡞ࡿ㌶㐨ࡣࠊ᭱኱࡛ᆅ⌫ࡢ 10 ಸ௨ୖࡢ㉁㔞ࢆᣢࡘࠊࡲࡔⓎぢࡉࢀ࡚࠸࡞࠸ 9 ␒┠ࡢᝨᫍࡢᏑᅾ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ㄝ࡛᫂ࡁࡿ࠿ࡶࡋࢀ࡞࠸ࠋࡑࡢ㌶㐨࡜ࡣࠊኴ㝧࠿ࡽᘬࡁ㞳ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡼ࠺࡟ぢ࠼ࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࡶࡢࡔ࡛ࠖ࠶ࡿࠋunusual ࠕᬑ㏻࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࠖࡢලయⓗ࡞ෆᐜࡀ㛵ಀモࢆ⏝࠸࡚ㄝ᫂ࡉࢀ࡚࠾ࡾࠊࡇࡢෆᐜ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡶゝཬࡋ࡚⟅᱌ࢆసᡂࡍࡿᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿࡔࢁ࠺ࠋࡇࡢෆᐜࢆࡲ࡜ࡵࡿ࡜ࠊゎ⟅ࡣḟࡢ㏻ࡾࠋ
ࠕᾏ⋤ᫍ௨㐲ࡢࠗ࢝࢖ࣃ࣮࣋ࣝࢺ࠘࡜࿧ࡤࢀࡿኴ㝧⣔እ⦕㒊࡟Ꮡᅾࡍࡿኳయࡢ㌶㐨ࡀࠊኴ㝧࠿ࡽ㐲ࡊ࠿ࡿ᪉ྥ࡬࡜ᘬ࠿ࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡼ࠺࡟ぢ࠼ࡿࠊᚑ᮶ࡢ㔜ຊ⌮ㄽ࠿ࡽࡍࢀࡤ␗ᖖ࡜ࡶ࠸࠼ࡿほ஦ᐇࠖࠊࡶࡋࡃࡣࡸࡸ⡆₩࡟ࠕᾏ⋤ᫍࡢእ࡟ᗈࡀࡿ࢝࢖ࣃ࣮࣋ࣝ

ࢺ࡟Ꮡᅾࡍࡿኳయࡢ㌶㐨ࡀኴ㝧࠿ࡽᘬࡁ㞳ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡼ࠺࡟ぢ࠼ࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࠖ࡜ࡍࢀࡤࡼ࠸ࠋ
ၥ 2.

ୗ⥺㒊ൕBൖ modified Newtonian dynamics (MOND) ࠕಟṇࢽ࣮ࣗࢺࣥຊᏛࠖ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣ➨ 3 ẁⴠ࡟࡚ึࡵ࡚ゝཬࡉࢀࠊࡑࡢ⪃࠼᪉ࡣ➨ 4 ẁⴠ࡟ヲ⣽࡟グ㍕ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡀࠊၥ㢟ᩥ࡟࠶ࡿࡼ࠺࡟ࠊ
ࠕᮏ᮶࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡞ၥ㢟ࢆゎỴࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟ᥦ᱌ࡉࢀࡓࠖ࠿࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊ➨ 8 ẁⴠ࡟࡞ࡗ࡚ࡼ࠺ࡸࡃゝཬࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ➨ 8 ẁⴠ➨ 1,2 ᩥࡢ࠾ࡼࡑࡢព࿡ࡣࠕMOND ࡣᬯ㯮≀㉁࡟௦ࢃࡿࡶࡢ࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊ1983 ᖺ࡟ึࡵ࡚ᥦၐࡉࢀࡓࠋᬯ㯮≀㉁ࡣࠗ㉁㔞Ḟᦆၥ㢟㸦㸻 “missing mass problem” 㸧࠘ࢆㄝ᫂ࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟ᥦၐ
ࡉࢀࡓࠋࡑࡢၥ㢟ࡣࠊᜏᫍࡸᝨᫍࡔࡅ࡛ࡣ㖟Ἑ࡛ほࡉࢀࡿᘬຊࢆㄝ࡛᫂ࡁ࡞࠸ࡇ࡜࡟ኳᩥᏛ⪅ࡓࡕࡀẼ࡙࠸࡚ࠊ⏕ࡌࡓࡢ࡛࠶ࡗࡓ࡛ࠖ࠶ࡿࠋ30 Ꮠ࠿ࡽ 40 Ꮠ࡜࠸࠺Ꮠᩘไ㝈ࢆ⪃៖ࡍࡿ࡜ࠊ
ࠕ㉁㔞Ḟᦆၥ㢟ࠖࡢලయⓗ࡞ෆᐜࢆ┬␎ࡋࡘࡘࡶࠊMOND ࡀࡑࡢၥ㢟࡟ᑐࡋ࡚ࠊᬯ㯮≀㉁ࡢ௦⏝ࡢࡓࡵ࡟ᥦ
ၐࡉࢀࡓࡇ࡜ࡣゝཬࡍࡿᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿࡀࠊࠕ㹼࡜࠸࠺ၥ㢟ࠖ࡜࠸࠺ᙧ࡛⟅᱌ࢆࡲ࡜ࡵࡿ࡟ࡣᕤኵࢆせࡍࡿࡔࢁ࠺ࠋ
ၥ 3.

ୗ⥺㒊ൕBൖ ࡛♧ࡉࢀࡓ MOND ࡜࠸࠺Ꮫㄝࡢୗ࡛ࡣୗ⥺㒊ൕAൖ Planet Nine ࡢᏑᅾࢆ௬ᐃࡍࡿᚲせࡀ↓࠸ࡇ࡜ࡢ⌮⏤ࢆㄝ᫂ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀồࡵࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ୚࠼ࡽࢀࡓㄝ᫂ᩥࡢ✵ḍࢆᇙࡵࡿᙧᘧ࡛࠶ࡾࠊ
᰿ᣐ࡜࡞ࡿⱥᩥࢆぢࡘࡅ࡚ࠊ㊊ࡾ࡞࠸࡜ࡇࢁࢆᇙࡵࡿࡇ࡜࡛ゎ⟅࡛ࡁࡿࠋ(i)࡜(ii)࡟㛵ࡋ࡚᰿ᣐ࡜ࡍ࡭ࡁ⟠ᡤࡣࠊ➨ 5 ẁⴠ➨ 1 ᩥ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡑࡢ 1 ᩥࡢព࿡ࡣࠕࡋ࠿ࡋࠊMOND ࡣࡇࢀࢆᚤㄪᩚࡋࠊ࠶ࡿ㊥㞳ࢆ㉸࠼ࡿ࡜ࠊࡑࡢᘬຊࡀ㊥㞳ࡑࡢࡶࡢ࡜཯ẚ౛ࡋࡓ್࡟㏆࡙ҫָ෨਒ָ༩ඍߏϟϑΨࡁጞࡵࡿࠋࡑࢀࡣࡘࡲࡾࠊᘬຊࡢᙉࡉࡣᚑ᮶ࡢࢽ࣮ࣗࢺࣥຊᏛ࡛ண᝿ࡉࢀࡿ࡯࡝ᛴ㏿࡟ῶᑡࡍࡿ
ࡇ࡜ࡣ࡞࠸࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࡔ࡛ࠖ࠶ࡿࠋ
(iii) ࡟㛵ࡋ࡚᰿ᣐ࡜ࡍ࡭ࡁ⟠ᡤࡣࠊ➨ 4 ẁⴠ᭱⤊ᩥ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡑࡢ 1 ᩥࡢព࿡ࡣࠕMOND ࡟ࡼࢀࡤࠊ࢝࢖ࣃ࣮࣋ࣝࢺࡢኳయࡣࠊᮍⓎぢࡢᝨᫍ࡟ᘬࡗᙇࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃࠊ㖟Ἑ⣔ࡢṧࡾࡢ㒊ศ࡟ᘬࡗᙇࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜࡟࡞ࡿ࡛ࠖ࠶ࡿࠋ
௨ୖ࠿ࡽࠊタၥ࡛୚࠼ࡽࢀࡓ᪥ᮏㄒ࡟ࡘ࡞ࡀࡿࡼ࠺࡟ゎ⟅ࢆ௙ୖࡆࡿࠋ(i)࡜(ii)࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ࡣୗ⥺㒊ࢆࡑࡢࡲࡲ฼⏝ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࡀࠊ(iii)࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣⱝᖸಟṇࡀᚲせ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࠕ㖟Ἑ⣔࡟Ꮡᅾࡍࡿ௚ࡢኳయࠖ࡜࠸ࡗࡓゎ⟅ࡀጇᙜ࡛࠶ࡿࠋၥ 4.

ୗ⥺㒊ൕAൖ Planet Nine ࡢࠕṇయࠖ࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊᮏᩥ୰࡟ゝཬࡢ࠶ࡿ౛ࢆ 2 ࡘ᪥ᮏㄒ࡛ᣲࡆࡿၥ㢟࡛࠶ࡿࡀࠊ1 ࡘࡣ➨ 12 ẁⴠ᭱⤊ᩥ࡟ୖࡆࡽࢀࡓ “mini black hole” ࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ⡆༢࡟☜ㄆ࡛ࡁࡿࠋၥ㢟ࡣࡶ࠺ 1 ࡘࡀఱ࠿࡛࠶ࡿࠋලయⓗ࡟ࠕṇయࠖ࡜ࡋ࡚ᣲࡆࡽࢀࡓࡶࡢࡣぢᙜࡓࡽ࡞࠸ࡢࡔࡀࠊPlanetNine ࢆࠕኴ㝧⣔እ⦕㒊࡟࠾ࡅࡿኳయ㌶㐨ࡢண᝿࡟཯ࡍࡿࢬࣞࢆㄝ᫂ࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࠊᝨᫍࡢᏑᅾࢆ௬ᐃ
ࡍࡿᏛㄝࠖ࡜ゎ㔘ࡍࡿ࡞ࡽࡤࠊࡑࡢࠕṇయࠖ࡜ࡋ࡚ᮏᩥ୰࡟ᣲࡆࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡢࡣࠊ➨ 2 ẁⴠ➨ 1 ᩥ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ “an undiscovered ninth planet up to 10 times more massive than Earth” ࡜⪃࠼ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࠋ
௨ୖ࠿ࡽࠊṇゎࡣࠕᑠࡉ࡞ࣈࣛࢵࢡ࣮࣍ࣝࠖ
ࠊཬࡧࠕ᭱኱࡛ᆅ⌫ࡢ 10 ಸࡢ㉁㔞ࢆࡶࡘᮍ▱ࡢᝨᫍࠖ
࡜࡞ࡿࠋ

ၥ 5.

ᤄධࡍ࡭ࡁ 1 ᩥࡢព࿡ࡣࠕࡋ࠿ࡋࠊMOND ࡛ࠊᏱᐂ࡟Ḟࡅ࡚࠸ࡿ㉁㔞ࡢࡍ࡭࡚࡟ㄝ᫂ࡀࡘࡃࢃࡅ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃࠊࡑࢀࡺ࠼࡟ᬯ㯮≀㉁࡜࠸࠺⪃࠼ࢆ᏶඲࡟㝖እ࡛ࡁࡿࢃࡅ࡛ࡶ࡞࠸ࠋࡲࡓࠊ௚ࡢ◊✲࡛ࡣࠊMOND ࢆ㔞ᏊຊᏛࡸ┦ᑐᛶ⌮ㄽ࡜ࡢ㛫࡛ᢡࡾྜ࠸ࢆࡘࡅࡿ࡟ࡣࠊ᪤Ꮡࡢ⌮ㄽ࡟ࠗᆺ࡟ࡣࡲ
ࡽ࡞࠸࠘ࡶࡢࢆ㏣ຍࡍࡿᚲせࡀ࠶ࡾࠊࡑࢀࡽࡢ㏣ຍࡉࢀࡿࡶࡢ࡟ࡣၥ㢟ࡀ࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ♧၀ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ࡛ࠖ࠶ࡿࠋࠕᬯ㯮≀㉁ࠖ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡢゝཬࡀྵࡲࢀࡿࡢ࡛ࠊᙜヱࡢẁⴠࡣ࠙࠼ࠚ௨㝆࡟ධࡿࡶࡢ
࡜ண᝿࡛ࡁࡿࠋ
࠙࠼ࠚ࡜࠙࠾ࠚࡢ㛫࡟ࡣࠊලయⓗ࡟ MOND ௨እࡢ௬ㄝ࡜ࡋ࡚ࣈࣛࢵࢡ࣮࣍ࣝࡀᏑᅾࡍࡿࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿࡜࠸࠺ㄝࡶᥦ♧ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡢ࡛ࠊᙜヱẁⴠࢆ࠙࠾ࠚ࡟ධࢀࡿ࡜ᢳ㇟̿ලయࡢ
ὶࢀ࡟཯ࡍࡿࠋࡼࡗ࡚ࠊ⟅࠼ࡣ࠙࠼ࠚ࡟⤠ࡾ㎸ࡴࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࠋ

➨6ၥ㛗ᩥ୰࿴ᩥⱥヂၥ 1. ࠕࢩ࣏࣮ࣥ࢞ࣝࡣ 2020 ᖺ 12 ᭶࡟ᇵ㣴⫗ࡢ㈍኎ࢆᢎㄆࡋࡓୡ⏺ึࡢᅜ࡜࡞ࡾࠊࡑࡢᚋၟᴗ⏕⏘ࢆ㛤ጞࡋࡓࠖ
in December 2020, Singapore became the first country in the world to approve the marketing of cultured meat,and commercial production began there.
(ูゎ 1) Singapore became the first country in the world to approve the sales of cultured meat in December 2020 andsubsequently started commercial production.
(ูゎ 2) in December in 2020, Singapore became the first country in the world to authorize officially to sell cultured
meat and then began to sell it commercially.
ᮏᩥ୰࡟࠶ࡿ⾲⌧࠿ࡽࠊࠕᇵ㣴⫗ࠖ cultured meat ࢆ฼⏝ࡍࡿ࡜ࡼ࠸ࠋࡑࡢ௚ࠕ2020 ᖺ 12 ᭶ࠖ inDecember 2020 / in December in 2020ࠊࠕ㹼ࡢ㈍኎ࢆᢎㄆࡍࡿࠖ approve the marketing of ~ / approve thesales of ~ࠊࠕୡ⏺ึࡢᅜ࡜࡞ࡿࠖ become the first country in the worldࠊࠕࡑࡢᚋࠖ and subsequently / andthenࠊࠕၟᴗ⏕⏘ࢆ㛤ጞࡍࡿࠖcommercial production begins / start commercial production / begin to sellcommercially ࡞࡝࡜ࡍࡿ࡜ࡼ࠸ࠋҫָ෨਒ָ༩ඍߏϟϑΨၥ 2. ࠕᇵ㣴⫗ࡢศ㔝࡛ࡢ⣽⬊ࡸࣈࣛࣥࢻ࡟㐺ษ࡞౯᱁ࡀࡘࡅࡽࢀࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࡣࠊࡑࢀࡽࡀ୙ṇ౑⏝ࡉࢀ࡞࠸ࡇ࡜ࢆಖドࡍࡿ௙⤌ࡳࡀᚲせࡔࠖTo properly price cells and brands in the cultured meat industry, we need a business platform that guarantees
they are not used illegally(ูゎ 1) In order to get cells and brands in the field of cultured meat properly priced, we need to create a system toprevent unauthorized use(ูゎ 2) In order to help cells and brands in the field of cultured meat to be priced properly, we need a mechanism toensure that they are not abused [misused]ᮏᩥ୰࡟࠶ࡿ⾲⌧࠿ࡽࠊࠕ⣽⬊ࠖ cells ࠊࠕࣈࣛࣥࢻࠖ brands ࡞࡝ࢆ฼⏝ࡍࡿ࡜ࡼ࠸ࠋࡑࡢ௚ࠕᇵ㣴⫗ࡢศ㔝࡛ࡢࠖ in the cultured meat industry / in the field of cultured meat ࠊࠕ㹼࡟㐺ษ࡞౯᱁ࡀࡘࡅࡽ
ࢀࡿࠖ properly price ~ / get ~ properly pricedࠊࠕ㹼ࡀ୙ṇ౑⏝ࡉࢀ࡞࠸ࡇ࡜ࢆಖドࡍࡿࠖ guarantee that~ are not used illegally / ensure that ~ are not misused / ensure that ~ are not abused / prevent unauthorizeduseࠊࠕ௙⤌ࡳࡀᚲせࠖ need a business platform / need to create a system / need a mechanism ࡞࡝࡜ࡍࡿ࡜ࡼ࠸ࠋ
ၥ 3. ࠕࡋ࠿ࡋࠊᨻᗓࡣࡲࡎ௻ᴗࡀ኱㔞⏕⏘࡟ྥࡅ࡚༑ศ࡟‽ഛࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࢆᮃࢇ࡛࠾ࡾࠊ㆟ㄽࡣᇽࠎᕠࡾ
ࡋࡓࡲࡲ࡛࠶ࡿࠖ
However, the government hopes that businesses will first thoroughly prepare for mass production, so thediscussion continues in parallel without a consensus.
(ูゎ 1) But the government wants companies to be well prepared for mass production first, leaving their talks goingin circles.
(ูゎ 2) However, the government hopes that businesses will fully ready to start the mass production first. This is
why the problem still remains unsolved.
ᮏᩥ୰࡟࠶ࡿ⾲⌧࠿ࡽࠊࠕᨻᗓࠖ the governmentࠊࠕ௻ᴗࠖ businesses ࠕ኱㔞⏕⏘ࠖ mass production࡞࡝ࢆ฼⏝ࡍࡿ࡜ࡼ࠸ࠋࡑࡢ௚ࠕࡋ࠿ࡋࠖ however / butࠊࠕࡲࡎࠖ first ࠊࠕ௻ᴗࠖ companies /manufacturersࠊࠕ㹼࡟ࡴࡅ࡚༑ศ࡟‽ഛࡍࡿࠖ thoroughly prepare for ~ / be well prepared for ~ / be fully
ready to do~ࠊࠕ㆟ㄽࡣᇽࠎᕠࡾࡋࡓࡲࡲࠖ discussion continues in parallel without a consensus / leave talks
going (around) in circles / the problem still remains unsolvedࠊ࡞࡝࡜ࡍࡿ࡜ࡼ࠸ࠋ

ҫָ෨਒ָ༩ඍߏϟϑΨㅮホ➨ 1 ၥ㹙ᩥἲ࣭ㄒἲ 4 ᢥ㹛 㸦ᶆ‽㸧ෙモࡸ๓⨨モ࡞࡝ࠊࡸࡸ⣽࠿࠸ᩥἲ஦㡯ࡢ⩦⇍ᗘࡀၥࢃࢀࡿⰋၥࠋ

➨ 2 ၥ㹙ㄒྃᩚᗎ㹛㸦ᶆ‽㸧ᶆ‽ⓗ࡞Ⰻၥࠋ๪モせ⣲࡟ὀពࡀᚲせ࡞ࡶࡢࡶྵࡲࢀࡿࠋ

➨ 3 ၥ㹙㛗ᩥ⥲ྜ㹛㸦ᶆ‽㸧ࠕ࣐ࣥࣔࢫࡢ DNA ࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ࣑࣮ࢺ࣮࣎ࣝࠖ࡟㛵ࡍࡿⱥᩥࠋᩥ❶ෆᐜࡣᶆ‽ⓗ࡞ࡀࡽࠊ୍㒊ุ᩿࡟㏞࠺タၥࡶྵࡲࢀࡿࠋ

➨ 4 ၥ㹙㛗ᩥ⥲ྜ㹛㸦ᶆ‽㸧

➨ 5 ၥ㹙㛗ᩥ⥲ྜ㹛㸦ࡸࡸ㞴㸧 ࠕࣉࣛࢿࢵࢺ࣭ࢼ࢖ࣥ࡟㛵ࡍࡿ᪂ࡓ࡞௬ㄝࠖ࡟㛵ࡍࡿⱥᩥࠋ୍㒊ࡢࠕᾏỈ㠃ୖ᪼࡟ࡼࡿ࣐ࣥࢢ࣮ࣟࣈᯘࡢᣑ኱ࠖ࡟㛵ࡍࡿⱥᩥࠋฟ㢟ᙧᘧ࡟ኚ໬ࡣ࡞࠸ࡀࠊゎ⟅᰿ᣐࢆぢࡘࡅ࡟ࡃ࠸タၥࡶྵࡲࢀࡿࠋタၥ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣ⟅࠼ࡿ࡭ࡁෆᐜࢆぢࡘࡅࡿࡢࡀ㞴ࡋ࠸ࠋࡲࡓ࠶ࡿ⛬ᗘෆᐜࢆ⮬ศ࡛ࡲ࡜ࡵࡿᚲせࡢ࠶ࡿタၥࡶ࠶ࡿࠋ

➨ 6 ၥ㹙㛗ᩥ୰ⱥヂ㹛㸦ᶆ‽㸧ࠕᑗ᮶ࡢ㣗ᩱ㟂せࢆ‶ࡓࡍ᪉ἲ࡜ࡋ࡚ὀ┠ࡉࢀࡿᇵ㣴⫗ࠖ࡟㛵ࡍࡿⱥᩥࠋᩥ୰࡟࠶ࡿ⾲⌧ࢆ⏝࠸ࢀࡤᖹ᫆ࠋᇶᮏⓗ࡞ᩥᵓ㐀ࢆṇ☜࡟⤌ࡳ❧࡚ࡽࢀࡿ࠿࡛ᕪࡀࡘࡃࠋ࣐࣮ࢡ㒊ศࡣ඲య࡟ᚓⅬࡋࡸࡍ࠸ࡀࠊ➨ 3ࠊ4 ၥ࡜ࡶ࡟࣑ࢫࢆㄏ࠺タၥࡶྵࡲࢀࡿࠋ➨ 5 ၥࡢグ㏙㛗ᩥࡣゎ⟅ࢆ௙ୖࡆࡿࡢ࡟ⱞປࡍࡿࠋ1 ḟྜ᱁ࡢࡓࡵࡢ┠ᶆࡣ 60㸣

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