The Loss and Damage caused byclimate change in Bangladesh
Syeda Rizwana Hasan
Chief Executive, BELA
20TH JULY, 2024 ,JAPANGLOBAL LOSSES AND DAMAGESCONSEQUENCES OF CLIMATE CHANGE
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Increase in Global Temperature
Melting of polar ice and glaciers
Sea Level Rise
Increased intensity and magnitude ofdisasters
Coastal inundation
Changes in weather pattern
Irregular rainfall
Desertification
Increase of health hazards
Threat to Biodiversity
Ecosystem degradation
Wild fire increaseCLIMATE CHANGE AND BANGLADESH
Climate change in Bangladesh isa critical issue as the country is
one of the most vulnerable for its
effects. According to the Climate
Risk Index, 2021 editionof Germanwatch’s, Bangladesh is
ranked seventh in the list ofcountries most affected by climate
calamities.
5Why Bangladesh is at risk
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Geographical location
Rapid glacier melt in Himalayas
Most of surface <5m above sea level
Frequent disaster e.g. Cyclones, floods,etc.
High population density
Poverty
Fragile and poor infrastructure
Significant people working in fishing andagriculture sector
Rain water dependency on agriculture
Seasonal drought
Increasing heat
Increasing Salinity
Drinking Water Scarcity
Water, Air, Soil pollution

INCREASE IN CATASTROPHES 10 TIMES IN 50 YEARSCatastrophes increased ten times in 2000-2020
compared to 1955-1975
v Strong cyclones created in the Indian Ocean
and Bay of Bengal due to tropical locationv Oceanic disasters lie towards Bangladesh due
to geographical locationv Huge loss and damage occur due to disaster;
local inhabitants face most of the losses

Southwest region in high risk for oceanic disasters

v75% disaster generated in Indian oceanand Bay of Bengal in the last 15 years
hit the south-west coastvTopical cyclones cause 1billion$ in losses
annuallyvIf the sea level rises 30-100 cm by2100, then 834 KM will be submergedor flooded
v10/15 million people will be homelessBANGLADESH METEOROLOGICAL DEPARTMENT (BMD), 2021 &GLOBAL CLIMATE RISK INDEX,2021• Last 50 years temperature increased 1.5 degree• Bangladesh lost 246,000 hectares of forests between 2001 and 2023
• 7.2 million people in nine north-eastern districts severely affected by theflash flood (2022, 2023 & 2024)• In last 12 years, around 8.6 million people displeased from coastal
areas• In last 35 years salinity increased by 26%• Estimated 20 million people in costal region of Bangladesh are drinking
saline waterSalinity affected land- 83.3 million hectares in 1973, 102 million hectares in
2000, 105.6 million hectares in 2009 and is continuing to increase (SRDI).

More than 40% of people in Bangladesh don’t have access to safe water(WaterAid Bangladesh)
The Climatic impacts are compounded by unsustainable development
agendas. Due to unmitigated urbanization and Industrialization,
groundwater levels across Bangladesh are depleting.
This is felt strongly in water scarce areas such as the Barind Tract in theNorth-West of the country.

Loss and Damages due to Disasters
NameDateDeath

Loss

Cyclone Remal

May 26, 2024

16(More than) USD 600
millionCyclone Mocha

May 23, 2023

463
(Myanmar &Bangladesh)

US$1.07 million

Cyclone Yaas
Cyclone Amphan

May 26, 2021
20 May 2020

2026

US$2.84 billion
US$13 billion

Cyclone Fani4 May 201917

US$63.6 million

Cyclone Aila
Cyclone Sidr

27–29 May 200915 November 2007

15010,000

US$1 billion
US$ 1.7 billion

Cyclone Akash

14–15 May 2007

14

US$982 million

Cyclone Remal: losses estimated at over Tk 7,000cr (Ministry Of Disaster
Management & Relief) and (The Daily Star, July 12, 2024)

MIGRATION STATUS
Largest internal displacements in Asia were the result of disaster rather thanconflicts and violence
Top five countries in Asia based on new internal displacements• Pakistan - 8 Million• Philippines - 5.5 Million• China - 3.6 Million• India - 2.5 Million• Bangladesh - 1.5 Million

MIGRATION STATUS
Bangladesh ranked 4th globally in childdisplacement from natural disasters
between 2016 and 2021 : UNICEF• 43.1 million children displaced
globally• 26% in South Asia
• 3.3 million in Bangladesh

THANK YOU