The Fifth Generation Mobile Communications
Promotion Forum （５GMF）
Millimeter Wave Promotion Ad Hoc
Summary of 5GMF White Paper Ver.2.0

5GMF Strategy & Planning Committee

Millimeter Wave Promotion Ad HocOutline of Millimeter Wave Promotion Ad Hoc Activities
Purpose : To contribute to industrial use and the resolution of social issues, promote the spread of millimeter wave asa prerequisite for new 5G/6G frequency allocation, and promote international initiatives related to millimeterwave in Japan．
Establishment : January 20, 2023
Participating companies: 29：Includes 2 observers. A total of 59 members including concerned persons．
Major activities : ・ Monthly regular meetings ： Discussions for the millimeter wave promoting (Discussion results arereflected in the white paper)/Preparation of events for promotion, etc.
・ White paper publication： March 31, 2023 Version 1.0 , July 3, 2023 Version 2.0 released on the5GMF website.
・ Promotion activities at events：１） Participation in Wireless Technology Park (May 24-26 at Tokyo Big Sight）→ Exhibition ： Exhibits related to millimeter waves by 8 Ad Hoc member companies→ Holding a seminar ： Lecture for promotion of millimeter waves（5/24 at Tokyo Big SightExhibition Hall）
２）CEATEC2023 5G Special day V (October 18 at Makuhari Messe International Exhibition Hall）→ Millimeter wave Promotion Global Summit（TBD)
CEATEC : Combined Exhibition of Advanced Technologies

Copyright © 2023 The Fifth Generation Mobile Communications Promotion Forum12White paper “5G Enhancement with Millimeter Wave Deployment”Version 2.0 released on July 3rd, 2023
5GMF Website：https://5gmf.jp/en/news/3029/
Chapter setting (96 pages in total)
ChapterContents-Introduction

1Clarifying the need for millimeter wave

2Trends in Japan and overseas

3

Challenges for widespread use of millimeter wave

4

Millimeter wave technology overview

5

Performance evaluation

6

Millimeter wave introduction scenario

7

Affinity with local 5G

8Millimeter wave use case9

Existing solutions for millimeter wave dissemination

10

Millimeter wave business outlook-Conclusion

Major changes from Version 1.0• Added latest information.
• Improved readability byadding figures, etc.
• Inclusion of other 5G-related
activity literature.(e.g., 5G
Business Design WG Report)• New addition of millimeterwave business outlook(Chapter 10).

Copyright © 2023 The Fifth Generation Mobile Communications Promotion ForumWhite Paper

1. Clarifying the need for millimeter wave
 Clarifying the need for millimeter wave from the following 5 pointsSecuring frequency resources for future traffic increases
Support for future high-speed, large-capacity, low-latency services
Economy, energy efficiency
Developing new use cases
A foothold for additional frequency allocations in the future

Fig. 1-1 Changes in mobile communication traffic
Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications, Information & Communications Statistics Database
https://www.soumu.go.jp/johotsusintokei/field/data/gt010602.pdf

Fig. 1-2 Millimeter wave frequency demand forecast up to 2030
GSMA Vision 2030: mmWave Spectrum Needs, Full Reporthttps://www.gsma.com/spectrum/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/5G-mmWave-Spectrum.pdf

Copyright © 2023 The Fifth Generation Mobile Communications Promotion Forum3

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2. Trends in Japan and overseas

While 5G services are progressing around the world, the use of millimeter waves remains limited
despite progress in frequency allocation.
Trends in millimeter wave in Japan and overseas are summarized from the following points.
Frequency allocation
Commencement status of millimeter wave commercial services, etc.
Status of millimeter wave terminals
3GPP standardization trends

Fig. 2-1 5G millimeter wave commercialization and spectrum (as of November 2022)
Qualcomm Japan, 5G Business Design WG 2nd meeting Qualcomm materials.
https://www.soumu.go.jp/main_content/000860192.pdf

Fig. 2-4 5G Base Station Development by band
Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications, 5G Business Design Working Group (3rd) handout
https://www.soumu.go.jp/main_content/000860636.pdf

Copyright © 2023 The Fifth Generation Mobile Communications Promotion Forum3. Challenges for widespread use of millimeter wave
Currently the traffic accommodation ratio of millimeterwave is extremely low because the 5G area is mainly
developed around low band, mid band, and sub6.
The report analyzes the challenges in improving themillimeter wave situation from the following 4 points. At
the same time, it explains that all of the issues areinterconnected and that the current situation is creatinga negative chain reaction.
 Millimeter wave introduction area
 Base station equipment for millimeter wave Millimeter wave terminal Millimeter wave use cases
The situation and challenges of millimeter waves are notlimited to Japan, but are global issues.
In the future, it will be extremely important to share
millimeter wave issues and solutions globally and build aglobal ecosystem for its widespread use in Japan.

5Fig. 3-1 Atmospheric and molecular absorption

Fig. 3-3 Cross-correlation and positive chain for wide spread of mm-wave
Copyright © 2023 The Fifth Generation Mobile Communications Promotion Forum4. Millimeter wave technology overview
 Chapter 4 provides an overview of the technologies that are considered effective in solving
the problems of widespread use of millimeter wave, as description in Chapter 3, andmillimeter wave related technologies that have been specified or are being considered forspecification in standardization such as 3GPP, as shown in the figure below.

Fig. 4-1 Millimeter wave technology and challenges to be solved
Copyright © 2023 The Fifth Generation Mobile Communications Promotion Forum67

5. Performance evaluation
Chapter 5 introduces experimental and measurement results using 5G millimeter wave. The results demonstrate thatmillimeter wave can achieve extremely high throughput and low latency performance and can be utilized in various
environments including non-line-of-sight scenario as shown below.
Measurement of 5G millimeter wave throughput and latency performance (one-to-one communication, ideal environment)• Achieves throughput of 1 Gbps or higher and maintains Ping RTT of 7 ms or less even in a low received power environment.
5G millimeter wave indoor environment measurement• Not only high throughput can be obtained near the base station, but the same throughput as near the base station can beachieved even in places where there is blocking from pillars.
5G millimeter wave outdoor environment measurement• Formation of an area where millimeter-wave communications is possible within a range of about 100 m.
• By using millimeter wave, the maximum downlink throughput is about 2 Gbps, and the average is about 1 Gbps. The
throughput is roughly four times that of Sub6 and ten times that of LTE.
5G millimeter wave Challenges and Solutions• Research and development efforts such as Repeaters, RIS, and applications of Dielectric waveguides.

A：1666.54Mbps
B：1586.91Mbps
C：1851.24Mbps
D：1842.28Mbps
E：1602.87Mbps
F：1643.85Mbps
Fig. 5-4 Indoor measurement of 5G mm Wave throughput

Fig. 5-8 Outdoor walking measurement of 5G mm-wave downlink throughput

Copyright © 2023 The Fifth Generation Mobile Communications Promotion Forum86. Millimeter wave introduction scenario Since millimeter wave is in a particularly highfrequency band, it is important to make use of theircharacteristics.
 Although the cell radius becomes relatively small dueto the large propagation loss, it is effective forapplications in narrow and closed areas.
 High-speed and large-capacity capability due to alarge frequency bandwidth is effective in places
where heavy traffic is generated and high-speed
services are required.
 Based on these characteristics, the following
millimeter wave introduction scenarios can beconsidered.

Fig. 6-1 Image of proper use of frequency bands

１） Hotspots, stadiums, event venues２） Office, indoor
３） Private NW/Local 5G４） Urban sidewalks, roads and intersections
５） FWA
Fig. 6-2 Example of millimeter wave introduction scenarios
Copyright © 2023 The Fifth Generation Mobile Communications Promotion Forum97. Affinity with local 5G
 Local 5G is assumed that many terminals will be used intensively at the same time in a
relatively small area, it can be said that millimeter waves which can handle ultra-wideband,
have a very high affinity with local 5G.
 Chapter 7 describes the background and the situation of widespread of local 5G, as well as thelimited use of millimeter waves and the issues involved. On the other hand, the effectiveness ofmillimeter wave utilization in local 5G is explained from the following points.
Also explains how to distinguish Area scale and radio wave characteristics
between millimeter waves and Communication capacity and communication demand
sub6 and the usefulness of Compact system scale (ultra-low latency)
their combinations.

Fig.7-4 Image of local 5G, which is expected to be usedin various places such as “in the city”

Fig. 7-6 System configuration example for
local 5G millimeter wave

Copyright © 2023 The Fifth Generation Mobile Communications Promotion Forum108. Millimeter wave use caseChapter 8 is divided into the following three categories. The contents
are not limited to those that have already been introduced commerciallyusing millimeter waves and those that are currently undergoing
demonstration experiments, but also specific use cases that utilize
millimeter waves that are considered effective in the future.


Increase capacity and speed in facilities such as stadiums where many
people gather (eMBB)• NFL Finals Exclusive Experience• New watching experience in soccer• Exclusive experience at the theater• Individually optimized signage for AR glasses
FTTH alternative with FWA• Alternative to FTTH using 3.7GHz, 28GHz, and 39GHz 5G networks
for mobile use in urban areas, etc.
• Eliminate the digital divide in rural areas
Enterprise networks• Manufacturing industry：Sharing machine failure points from aremote location, Quality control in flash memory manufacturing
factories, etc.
• Automobiles：Application to autonomous driving• Medical care：Introduction to medical research facilities,
Transmission of high-definition images between hospitals, Robot
replaces sterilization work
• Media：Broadcasting of news and sports by portable high-quality
video transmission equipment

In the future, it is expected to create a total use case that combines
not only the use of millimeter wave, but also various elements such asSA, network slicing, MEC, AI, XR, Metaverse, etc.
Copyright © 2023 The Fifth Generation Mobile Communications Promotion ForumFig 8-3 Smart glasses and experience image

Fig 8-5 Image of provision of FWA

Fig 8-6 Image of remote work support

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9. Existing solutions for millimeter wave disseminationIn order to disseminate millimeter wave, it is important to be able to procure enough devices andmeasuring instruments for developing and manufacturing the equipment that constitutes the network.
This chapter introduces solutions for terminals, base stations, antennas, measuring instruments, etc.
based on actual product examples.
As an appendix, "List of existing solutions for millimeter wave discrimination reference information
links" is posted. Information on each company providing the solution can be referenced.

Fig. 9-1 Millimeter Wave CPE (by Nokia)

Fig. 9-2 Smartphones that support high-quality videotransmission that supports millimeter wave (by Sony)

Fig. 9-3 Appearance of millimeter wave RU (by NEC, Fujitsu)

Fig. 9-7 FR2 monitor example on smart
phone by Keysight Nemo Handy

Fig. 9-10 Millimeter wave repeater
Fig. 9-8 Network Installation andFig. 9-9 Millimeter Wave consisting of two enclosures, a donor
Maintenance Test Tools and Network
Performance Capacity Testers (by VIAVI) Repeater (by DX Antenna) unit and a service unit (by FR-Tech)

Fig. 9-4 L-shape Antenna Array Integrated
Module (by Murata)

Copyright © 2023 The Fifth Generation Mobile Communications Promotion Forum

Fig. 9-6 Global Millimeter Wave band antenna modules(24 – 29 GHz & 39 – 41 GHz) (by Qualcomm)10. Millimeter wave business outlookSolutions for millimeter waves are being in place, and the development of 5G utilizing these is desired. The key
to future business outlook is how to convert the negative spiral of millimeter wave penetration into a positivespiral.
This chapter summarized possible efforts to transform into a positive chain reaction as following points.
Area development• sub6- millimeter wave NR-DC, infrastructure sharing, subsidy support in disadvantaged areas,development of system ｔhat enables the use of repeaters and high-power terminals, speeding up and simplifying
licensing procedures, millimeter wave for local 5G＋implementation of millimeter wave standalone operation

Promoting and supporting 5G/millimeter wave to other industries• Activities to appeal the effectiveness and use cases of 5G/millimeter waves to other industries, support forsystem introduction, and cooperation among mobile communication related ministries, companies, andorganizations as a cooperative areasProviding a place to promote the spread of millimeter wave
• Prepare a place where the benefits of millimeter wave can be tested and demonstrated as to promote open
innovation. It can participate for companies, organizations, and academia in all industries in these forums withoutcharge and operate them as cooperative areas• For consumer users, for consumer services developers, for local 5G developers

5G wireless human resource development• Human resources development on the 5G/millimeter wave providers as well as human resources on the userside. Develop and secure human resources who can connect and combine users, companies, universities, etc.
Copyright © 2023 The Fifth Generation Mobile Communications Promotion Forum1213Conclusion

 5GMF released white paper version 2.0 on 5GMF website on July 3rd.
 5GMF will continue to carry out activities to promote the spread ofmillimeter waves in Japan and overseas, including the promotion of thecontent of the white paper.
 Plans to open millimeter wave media : Established information dissemination site for domestic
and overseas, introduction of white papers, introduction of related industries, etc.
 Plans for workshops, and lectures, etc. which are held or planned for domestic related industries
and academic societies by using white paper contents.
 Participating and giving lectures at overseas events in Europe, the United States, Asia, etc.
Promote collaboration and cooperation with stakeholders globally through holding international
conferences in Japan, etc.
 Plan and implement specific activities to promote the spread of millimeter waves in accordancewith the newly added “Millimeter wave business outlook” in the 2.0 version of the white paper.

Copyright © 2023 The Fifth Generation Mobile Communications Promotion Forum