English 英語版

Reference Book
版

Do what you can to reduce personal risk
and an earthquake will not be so threatening

Protect yourself
Protect yourpossessions
自分の命、財産は自分で守る

Protect yourneighbourhood
自分たちの地域はOfficial rescue& support

行政による
救助や支援

自分たちで守る

DamageControl

減 災

1. When you hear BANG! When you hear CRASH! Don't Panic!
2. Do Not Panic within your Surroundings
3. Secure Your Furniture
4. Be Prepared with Emergency Rations
5. Prepare for Secondary Earthquake Disaster
6. Making an Emergency Contact Plan for Your Family
7. Be prepared for life in an evacuation centre
8. Master First Aid
9. Earthquake help sheet (Keep for your records)

Publication：Shiga Prefecture
Translation/Edition：Shiga Intercultural Association for Globalization 「Mimitaro」
http: //www.s-i-a.or.jp

Don't Panic!

There have been several large earthquakes in Japan recently. The fault west of Lake Biwa, andnearby Tonankai and Nankai areas are seen to threaten a large earthquake and damage over awide area of Shiga. This is the first in a series to help you be fully prepared in case anearthquake happens.
● Give priority to protecting yourself. Get under atable, bed or like object. If you were sleeping use thepillow to protect your head.
Earthquake!
● Get in to the habit of turning off the gas, even if it isjust a small shake. However, do not put yourself at
unnecessary risk because the gas mains have asafety breaker.

1-2 mins later

3-5 mins later

5-10 mins later

10 mins - several
hours katerup to 3 days

● Secure emergency exits. Secure escape routes by opening
doors and windows. Doors at apartment blocks might bedifficult to open but windows are comparatively easy.
● Find the source of any fire and extinguish it straight away.
● Wear shoes, even inside. This protects your feet from debris
like broken glass and allows immediate escape.
● Check that your family is safe. Leave the house if it is likely tocollapse or suffer from a landslide. When outside be aware offalling roof tiles, window glass, signboards, etc● Prepare portable emergency kit.
● Check for fires in the neighbourhood.
● Gather information. Get information from verified sources
like the radio. Do not be misled by rumour.
● Check up on the safety of people who need help in yourcommunity.
● Evacuate if there is a danger of building collapse, fire, etc resulting fromaftershocks.
● Collect your children from school.
● Prevent fire. Close main gas cock. Shut the electricity
breaker when leaving the house.
● Leave a note of your whereabouts visible at theentrance of your house when you go out.
● Use your emergency supplies. It is important to fend foryourself but help others in need too.
● Help with rescues and fire prevention in your area. Informthe fire department and other authorities if necessary.
● Evacuate in a group. Evacuate on foot avoiding concrete
block walls and broken electric cables etc.
● Get information. Pay attention to municipal news
bulletins.

～Do Not Panic within your Surroundings～
Street of Buildings
Watch out for collapsing buildings,
falling objects such as broken window
glass or signs, and the falling vending
machines. Protect your head with ahandbag and evacuate to an open
space.

Residential area
Watch out for fallingwalls, gateposts,
glass, roof tiles, andelectrical wires.

Underground shopping area
The structure is durable and wellequipped for fire. Follow instruction
signs and guides to evacuate calmly
after an earthquake has stopped.

When driving a car
Hold the steering wheel firmly,
pull over to the left side of theroad and gather information fromthe radio. When you evacuatefrom the car, close the window,
keep the door unlocked, leave thekey in the car, and take your car
registration if possible.
Department store/Supermarket
Cover your head with a shopping basket or handbag.
Wait at a safe place until earthquake stops so not to be
crushed under articles or a shelf. Follow the instructions
by the store staff for evacuation.

Elevator
Push buttons for all floors and get out
on the floor where the elevator firststops. If you are trapped, continue
pushing the emergency button.

Train/Subway/Bus
Hold on to the front seat or handle
with both hands tightly. When you
escape from the emergency exit,
follow the instructions of the staff.

～Care for people who need assistance in times of disaster～※People who need assistance in times of disaster: people who have hard time coping with disaster by themselves, suchas elderly people & babies, people who have physical or mental disabilities.
Elderly / Injured people
Use an emergency stretcher or
carry them on your back to
evacuate.

● People with hearing
disability
Use gestures, write messages, or
speak to them moving your mouth
widely.

● People with vision

disability
When you evacuate, have them holdyour elbow by one hand and hold thecane with the opposite hand. Guide
them slowly. Walk carefully while
explaining location of stairs and otherobstacles.

Secure Your Furniture
Chest

Buffet / Book shelf● Confirm the strength of the ceiling before using the expandable
bar.
● Furniture on the carpet and tatami mat can fall down easier.
Move it to different room or place a board underneath.
● If you do not want any markings/scratches on the furniture, or
screws cannot be used, add another board on the furnituresurface and screw into it.

● Store heavier books towards the bottom of the shelf. Reduce
gaps between books as much as possible.
● Apply splash prevention film on the glass.
● Placing fabric underneath dishes can prevent slippage.
● Avoid placing objects on the top of the shelf (They may falloff ).

TV / Computer

Refrigerator● Do not set it in high place.
● Confirm the weight and expiration date ofresin quake-absorbing sheet. For an
extremely heavy object, use it with caution.

● Use latches to secure drawers from
opening.
● Secure the refrigerator to the wall using
the little knob on the back side (somemodels take special fixture) or use thewire between doors and attach it to thewall.

Lighting

Piano● Secure the light bulb with the heat
resistant tape.
● Use wire or chain to secure hanging typelighting fixture to the ceiling (2～3 areas).

● Use slip stopper for the legs. For the body, use plastic coatedor taped wire (these products will not scratch the body ofthe piano) to secure from the wall.

Base of the walls

Air conditioning / Clock / Pictured frame● When securing furniture to the wall using hook, wire, chain or
L shaped clamp, make sure that the screw is attached to thepost, beam, center pillar or middle rail.
● Plasterboard may not secure objects strong enough.

● Use L shaped clamp or hook to secure to the wall.

Furniture Arrangement● Do not sleep where the furniture may fall
● Do●not place any objects bydown.
the exit.
● Place furniture in certain way so● Avoid having large size furniturethat it will not block the passage
especially in children's and elder's rooms.
for escape.
● No furniture should be in the bed room.

Be Prepared with Emergency Rations
Emergency Rations

Polythene Bag, Napkin, Kairo

These are the supplies that you take with you when you take refuge
after an earthquake. They should be stored with gloves, shoes, a helmet
etc, under or close to your bed. 15kg for men, 10kg for women and acomfortable weight for children is a good guide for load. Supplies
should be packed into a rucksack for each person ready to escape.
● Other Useful Items: Mobile phone charger (car cigarette lighter or

disposable type), powdered milk, baby feeder, disposable nappies(diapers) rash ointment, cleansers, Maternity Record Book copy, baby
food, reserve medication, prescription copy, okayu rice, hearing aid,
radio, etc.
● Personal name stamp (inkan), bank book, title deeds, precious metals
should be stored in a bag that can be reached easily when you escape.

Driving License, Health Insurance
Card, Bank Book, Prescription Copy
Rice, vacuum-packed
food, cling film

Emergency Supplies
It is essential that you can survive until rescue help arrives. You should
prepare enough for three days survival. Everything should be at handwhen you need to escape.
Buying extra of your normal daily food results in a slightly luxurious emergency
supplies if you have to escape. Don't forget to keep it fresh!

Water (9 litres/person)

Other Equipment
You should leave tools in the place that they areneeded●Kitchen, Living Room (Fire Extinguisher)●Tools to escape from building (Axe)●Tools to escape from upper floors (Rope)

Where to Buy
Outdoor shops and home centres have emergency supplies corners
but you can get what you need from almost any shop. It is a goodidea to prepare emergency supplies as you do your everyday
shopping.

●

Food: A mixture of long-life and everyday foods is recommended.
Keep it fresh!

● Torch & Radio: From electrical shops. Non-battery(solar, wind-up)
types available.

In order to get home from work on foot you should● Helmet: Construction site helmets can be bought at
prepare the following: suitable shoes, gloves, towel,
Home Centres, construction shops and DIY Shops.
food, water, suitable clothes, map, photographs of yourCycle and motorcycle helmets can also be used.
family, etc.

Prepare for Secondary Earthquake DisasterHow to use fire extinguisher

3 chances to extinguish fire

１ When you felt a quake
If the initial quake is not too strong, put out the fire immediately.
Make a habit of putting out fire even with a small quake.
2 When a quake settles down
It is more dangerous to go near the fire in the middle of a strong
quake. Wait until the movement settles, then put out the fire.
3 When fire breaks out
The first 3 minutes after the fire breaks out is the most critical
time. Even for the small fire, shout to neighbors for help and call119. Utilize any ready material besides fire extinguisher or water,such as a wool blanket, to put out fire. However, when the fire
reaches the ceiling, evacuate immediately. Close the door andwindows of the room with fire to cut out the air supply.

<1> Put finger through safety pin and pull
upward.

<2> Release hose and aim for the base of
fire.

<3> Push lever hard to shoot out theagent.

<4> Move hose from side to side.
<5> Face against the door to keep the
passage clear from smoke and extinguisher
agent.
How to put out fire by type of origin

Pan with hot oil● Do not put water.
● Cover it with wool blanket or big
wet towel from the front of the pan
to cut out air supply (can use
extinguisher).
● Do not throw in mayonnaise.

BathRemember that the fire may gain
force if the door is opened without
caution.
● Turn off the main cock of the gas,
and then gradually open the door.
Put out fire all at once.
●

●
●
●
●
●

Kerosene heater● Dump the water from the top.
● If kerosene is spreading on the floor,
cover it with wool blanket, etc. then,dump the water (can use extinguisher).

Electronics●

Unplug electronics, and then put out
fire.

Key point for evacuation from fire
When the fire reaches to the ceiling, do not fight it. Evacuate
immediately.
Assist people with disabilities first.
Do not worry about what you are wearing or what to take with you.
Evacuate as soon as possible.
If running through fire, run without hesitation.
Keep your body in low position to stay away from smoke●●

Yourself● Roll on the floor, havesomeone beat out the fire(can use extinguisher).
● If your hair is burning,cover your head with towel
or clothing (do not use
synthetic fiber).
Curtain/Paper sliding door
● In order to prevent the firefrom reaching the ceiling,take down the curtain andkick down the sliding door
before putting out the fire.

Do not return into the fire.
If someone is left in the fire, notify thenearest fireman.

Earthquake Insurance: Fire insurance will not pay for the damage from the fire caused by earthquake. Earthquake
insurance is an addition to the fire insurance. Confirm your insurance policy with your agent.

Making an Emergency Contact Plan for Your Family
To give a priority to an emergency call, use another way except regular telephone lines to contact your family.
● Anyone can use NTT's emergency contact service "Saigai-yo Dengon Dial 171".
● The public telephones get priority connection from NTT, and it's more easy to access. So know where thenearest one is.
● In times of disaster locations further away from where it occurred have faster connection. Therefore it isrecommended to designate the phone number of a relative who lives in a different area as your contact point.
SAIGAI-YO DENGON
DIAL

The service is available on a trial basis on the first day of each month, during the first threedays of January, during disaster preparedness week (August 30 to September 5), and during
disaster preparedness and volunteer week (January 15 to 21)

Remember"171"!
How to Use SAIGAI-YO DENGON DIAL

ろくおん
RecordMessage

Dial number that you want to contact in an area
suffered or in an area away from disaster

Record Message( sec / message,up to 10message）

さいせい

ListenMessage replayed

Works for standard landlines(tone & pulse),public telephones,
mobile phones,PHS**Some service providers cannot connect
SAIGAI-YO DENGON BORD for Mobile Phones●●●

This is an email service.
The service is available from NTT DOCOMO, au, Softbank Mobile, etc. (Inquiries should be directed to the respective mobile phone
operators.)
Check with your provider for details (Valid as of March 2005)◆40% "Cannot do a thing"
The Great Hanshin-Awaji Earthquake occurred on
January 17, 1995. A survey of what went on during
the Hanshin-Awaji Great Earthquake in 1995
showed that 39.5 % of people "could do nothing".
People tend to freeze with fear and panic when
faced with a natural disaster like a powerfulearthquake. Being able to act calmly in emergency
situations means that danger iscontrolled and lives are saved. It is well worth
making a plan with your family about what you will
do in an emergency.

What Happened After Hanshin-Awaji Great
Earthquake（Survey Results）
Other
４．２％

Unknown
５．９％
Only time to think aboutprotecting myself
２０．５％

Unable to do anything
３９．５％

Protected Family
１６．５％
Protect head withpillow
２８．０％

Escaped building
９．３％
Extinguish Fire
８．５％

Prevented

fallingfurniture

２．６％

Hid under table
２．４％（Record of Hanshin-Awaji Great Earthquake by Kobe Fire Department）

Be prepared for life in an evacuation centre
Life in an evacuation centre lacks freedom and privacy but having an attitude to understand and help
fellow evacuees makes the experience easier.
● It is important to communicate effectively with othersin the evacuation centre so that no one feels isolated(especially those injured, and those who are notnormally part of the community e.g. travelers ).
● Talk with officials (e.g. centre staff, medical
professional, police) at the evacuation centre to reduce
your worries● Try to not cause trouble for others● Take measures to reduce stress. Simple exercise can beeffective.

● Evacuation centres are not just run by government
and volunteer groups, but local communities takepart too.
● There is a danger of colds and influenza
spreading, so take care to wash hands and gargle,
and even wear a mask.
● If you stay in a vehicle be careful of blood clots like"economy class syndrome". Drink fluids and do
limb exercises while in the vehicle. Do not stay in a
vehicle for more than a few days.

Returning to a damaged house
A disaster official will attach a notice to each building according to its conditionRED：UNSAFE Danger!
Do not enter：LIMITED ENTRY
YELLOW Caution required whenentering building

GREEN：INSPECTED
Building safe for occupation● The gas supply to most buildings automatically shuts off during a level 5 quake. Be aware of how to perform asafety check and restore the gas flow at your home.
● Check the sewage system is restored by test-flushing the toilet before using it. Contact municipal authorities if
there is a problem.
● Check for gas leaks before restoring the electricity breaker.
● If gas has escaped, ventilate in the building before using electricity. Do not use an electric fan to do this!

Master First Aid
It is possible that you are not able to receive an urgent care during times of disaster such as earthquake, which involves
a number of injured people at the same time. Let's learn First Aid for an emergency.
Hemostasis (Stop bleeding)
Although you may be in shock to see large amounts of blood, it is important to stay calm and stop the bleeding.
Normally it is safe for adults to lose about 400ml of blood. Life becomes critical if an adult loses more than one thirdof the body's blood (1500ml). First, observe how much bleeding there is and from where the bleeding comes.
● Blood is pouring out -- Arterial bleeding: Stop bleeding immediately● Blood is welling out -- Venous bleeding: Stop bleeding as soon as possible● Blood is oozing out＜Direct Pressure Hemostasis＞● Cover the wound with clean gauze or cloth. Directly
put pressure on the wound.
● Make sure the wound is elevated above the heart.
＜Indirect Pressure Hemostasis＞
When you have the condition of blood pouring out but are not quite ready for the direct pressure hemostasis, use thismethod temporarily by pushing the artery closest to the heart from the bleeding area towards the bone.
●Center of inner upper arm ●Center of underarm ●Wrist ●Wrist Both sides of finger●Crotch

Broken Bone● Support the broken area with a brace and take the patient to the
medical care facility.
● If you cannot find a brace, use alternatives such as board, magazine,
umbrella and cardboard.
Burn
Cool down the burned area under running water.
If too much water pressure exists, pour cold water into a small bucket and cool down the burned area in there.
If the burned area is covered by fabric, run cold water over the fabric.
If a wide area is burned, use the hose or bucket to pour cold water, or wet a large clean fabric such as a sheet tocover the entire area.
● If a child has widespread burns, put him or her in the bath tub with cold water (during warmer months).
●●●●

You may face other cases where someone needs mouth-to-mouth breathing or heart massage. Learn how to give CPR through classes givenby the municipal office, fire department and Japan Red Cross. Major scuba diving groups may give classes as well.

Earthquake Help Sheet（keep for your records）

Kinkyujiyo Kojin Kiroku/
Emergency Use Personal Data

＃Keep this with your earthquake emergency pack

Name：

＃Anyone can get help at any evacuation site
＃See Mimitaro 60 for how to use Disaster Emergency Dengon Dial
171 to contact family

Emergency Vocabulary（from you to a Japanese）••••

助けてください。
⇔
Help!
日本語が分かりません。
⇔ I don’t understand Japanese○○語 を話せます⇔ I speak ○○○○ がいます。
⇔ There is ○○（病人・けが人・家の中に人）（an ill ・an injured person here・someone in the house）• ケガしています。
⇔ (I’m) injured• 体調が悪いです。
⇔ (I’m) ill• ○○ が痛いです。
⇔ ○○ hurts (is painful)（頭・首・胸・腰・おなか・手・足）（head・neck ・chest・back・stomach ・hand・arm・foot・leg）

き
り
と
り
B

• ○○ です。
⇔ I have ○○（糖尿病・心臓病・てんかん） (diabetes・heart disease・ epilepsy）• ○○ が不自由です。
⇔ I am unable to use my ○○（耳・目・手・足） （ear・ eye ・ hand or arm ・ foot or leg）
• 家族と連絡を取りたい。
⇔ I want to contact my family• ○○ はどこですか。
⇔ Where is ○○ ?
(evacuation place・doctor・food・water（避難所・医者・食べ物・水・ supplies distribution・telephone・・生活用品の配給、電話・
toilet ・bath・mobile phone charger）
トイレ・風呂・携帯電話の充電)• ○○ は使えますか。
⇔ Is it possible to use ○○?
（トイレ・水道・電話・ガス・バス・電車）（toilet・water・telephone・gas・bus・train）• ○○ がほしいです。
⇔ (I) want ○○(milkpowder・hot water・baby food・（水・粉ミルク・湯・離乳食
・オムツ・毛布・生理用品・服）nappiesor diapers・blanket・sanitary
towels・clothes）• ○○ が食べられません。
⇔ (I) cannot eat ○○（health reasons・ religious（健康上・宗教上）（豚肉・牛肉reasons） （pork・beef・soba
・そば・卵・魚）(buckwheat)・ eggs・fish）

Emergency Vocabulary（from a Japanese to you）••

逃げてください。
ついてきてください。
危ないです。
大丈夫です。

⇔ Escape from here
⇔ Come with me⇔ (Its) dangerous⇔ (Its)okay⇔ Please evacuate to ○○

yyyy

火事

hinanshiji – evacuation
order
hinan kaijo – (evacuation)
all clearkaji – fire

土砂崩れ

Dosha kuzure – landslide危険kiken – danger

立入禁止

tachi iri kinshi – no entry

余震

yoshin – after shock

応急処置

okyushochi – first aid

救護所

kyugosho – first aid

ペースメーカー

pesumeka - pacemakerjinko toseki – artificial
dialysistaki dashi – emergency food(rice)
kyusuisha – water truck

避難指示
避難解除

人工透析
炊き出し
給水車
利用時間

無料/有料

riyojikan – usage timekaki genkin – no naked
flameskin en – no smoking
kitsuen basho – smoking
areamuryo/yuryo – free / charge

貸し出しkashidashi – for rent / lend

通行可能

tsuko kano – passable
tsuko dome – Road Closed
to allshoto jikan – blackout
period

火気厳禁
禁煙
喫煙場所

通行止
消灯時間

り災証明書

•

○○に入らないでください。 ⇔ Please do not enter ○○（家・建物・許可なく）(house・building・without permission)•○○を＿時＿分にくばります 。⇔

d dUseful words～Get to know them now!

•
•
エコノミー
• ○○に避難してください。
クラス症候群(evacuation site ・ primary or elementary（避難所・小学校・中学校・
school ・ /middle or junior high school ・ 復旧
公民館）
community centre

mm

DOB：
年
月
日
BloodType：（Rh ＋・－）
Home Address：
TEL （）
Company Name：TEL （）
Emergency contact:_____________________
TEL （）

economy class shokogun –economy class syndrome
fukkyu – restoration
risaishomeisho–certificate
of earthquake damage○○ will be distributed at <time>(food・water・ supplies)
Local
Evacuation site

No Entry

No Smoking

No ThroughRoad