物質フローから見た中国経済࿎᠎ʟʷ˂Ȟɜ᛻Ȳ˹ّጽຑ
ऻᗵ߸ः
ៈ൞੫ᚓᇼ‫ ޙ۾ޙ‬


ⷐ ᣦ
ㄭᐕߩਛ࿖ߩᕆỗߥ⚻ᷣ⊒ዷߪ‛⾰ᶖ⾌ߩᕆỗߥჇᄢࠍ߽ߚࠄߔ‫⾰‛ޔࠄ߇ߥߒ߆ߒޕ‬ᶖ⾌ߪ⾗Ḯᨗᷢ߿ⅣႺ⎕უߦߟߥ߇ࠆߚ߼ߦ‫⚻ޔ‬ᷣ⊒ዷߣ‛⾰ᶖ⾌ᛥ೙ࠍหᤨߦታ⃻ߐߖࠆߎߣ߇ᜬ⛯น⢻␠ળ߳ߟߥ߇ࠆ‫ ޕ‬ᐕߦ߅ߌࠆਛ࿖ߩ‛⾰ᶖ⾌㊂ߪ  ంਁ࠻ࡦߢ޽ࠅ‫ੱ৻ޔ‬ᒰߚࠅߪ  ࠻ࡦߣߥࠆ‫ੱ৻ޕ‬ᒰߚࠅߩ‛⾰ᶖ⾌㊂ߪ '7 ߿ᣣᧄߦᲧߴߡዋߥߊ‫ޔ‬ਛ࿖ߩ‛⾰ᶖ⾌㊂ߪߎࠇ߆ࠄߐࠄߦჇടߔࠆߎߣ߇੍ᗐߐ
ࠇࠆ‫ޔࠬࡑࠝࠗࡃޕ‬ൻ⍹Άᢱ‫↥ޔ‬ᬺ⾗᧚‫ޔ‬ᑪ⸳⾗᧚ߣ߽ߦਛ࿖‛⾰ᶖ⾌ߪ '7 ߿ᣣᧄߩඨಽ⒟ᐲߢ޽ࠆߩ
ߢ‫੹ޔ‬ᓟߩ↥ᬺߣ␠ળၮ⋚ߩᢛ஻ߦ઻޿‫ޔ‬ᑪ⸳⾗᧚ߩᶖ⾌㊂߇Ⴧᄢߔࠆߢ޽ࠈ߁‫ ޔߚ߹ޕ‬ᐕߦᲧߴࠆߣ‫&)ޔ‬2 ߩિ߮߇ 㧑ߦኻߒߡ‫⾰‛ޔ‬ᶖ⾌㊂ߩિ߮ߪ 㧑ߢ޽ࠅ‫ޔ‬⣕‛⾰ൻ߇ㅴⴕߒߟߟ޽ࠆߎߣࠍ
␜ߒߡ޿ࠆ‫੹ޕ‬ᓟ߽ )&2 ߩિ߮ࠃࠅ߽‛⾰ᶖ⾌㊂ߩિ߮ࠍᛥ߃ࠆߣਛ࿖␠ળߩᜬ⛯น⢻ᕈ߳ߟߥ߇ࠆߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬ࠠ࡯ࡢ࡯࠼ ⾰ࡈࡠ࡯⸃ᨆ‫⾗ޔ‬Ḯᶖ⾌‫ޔ‬ਛ࿖⚻ᷣ‫ޔ‬ᜬ⛯น⢻␠ળ‫ޔ‬⣕‛⾰ൻΣ ߪߓ߼ߦ ਛ࿖ߩ )&2 ߪ  ᐕߢ  ళ  ంర㧩 ళ  ం౞㧔਎⇇╙㧢૏‫ޔ‬ᣣᧄߪ  ళ ం౞ߢ਎⇇╙㧞૏㧕ߢ޽ࠅ‫ੱޔ‬ญߪ⚂  ంੱߢ޽ࠆ‫ ޕ‬ᐕߦ߅ߌࠆ )&2 ߪ㧠ళ  ంరߢ޽ߞߚߩߢ‫ ޔ‬ᐕ㑆ߢ )&2 ߇⚂㧟୚ߦߥߞߚߎߣߦߥࠆ‫ޔߦ߁ࠃߔ␜߇࠲࡯࠺ߚߒ߁ߎޕ‬ਛ࿖߇ᕆỗߥ⚻ᷣ⊒ዷࠍ㆐ᚑߒߡ޿ࠆߎߣߪ⸒߁߹ߢ߽ߥ޿‫ߩߎߤޕ‬࿖ߢ߽ߘ߁ߢ޽ࠆ߇‫⚻ޔ‬ᷣ⊒ዷߦ઻޿‛⾰ᶖ⾌㊂߽Ⴧᄢߔࠆ‫ޔ߫߃଀ޕ‬ਛ࿖ߩⓃ㘃࡮㊁⩿࡮ᨐ‛ߩᶖ⾌ߪ  ᐕߢ⚂㧡ం㧡ජਁ࠻ࡦߢ޽ࠆߩߦኻߒߡ‫ ޔ‬ᐕߢߪ㧤ం࠻ࡦߢ޽ࠆ㧔‫(ޡ‬#156#6‫ޢ‬㧕‫࡯ࠡ࡞ࡀࠛޕ‬ᶖ⾌ߪ ᐕߢ  ం㧢ජਁ VEG ߢ޽ߞߚߩ߇‫ ޔ‬ᐕߢߪ  ం㧠ජਁ VEG ߦߥߞߚ㧔‫ޡ‬ਛ࿖⢻Ḯ⛔
⸘ᐕ㐓‫ޢޔ‬㧕‫⾰‛ޕ‬ᶖ⾌ߩჇᄢߪ⾗ḮߩᨗᷢߣⅣႺߩᖡൻࠍ߽ߚࠄߔ‫ޕ‬ㄭᐕߪ਎⇇⊛ߦ‫⾗ޔ‬Ḯࠍᶖ⾌ߖߕߦ⚻ᷣ⊒ዷࠍ㆐ᚑߔࠆᜬ⛯น⢻␠ળߩ⏕┙߇᳞߼ࠄࠇߡ߅ࠅ‫⚻ޔ‬ᷣ⊒ዷߣ‛⾰ᶖ
⾌㊂ߩჇടࠍ࡝ࡦࠢߐߖߥ޿‫ޟ‬⣕‛⾰ൻ‫ߩޠ‬ታ⃻߇ᔅⷐߢ޽ࠆ‫⚻ޔࠅ߹ߟޕ‬ᷣⷙᮨߪჇᄢߔࠆ
߇‛⾰ᶖ⾌ߪᷫዋߐߖࠆߣ޿߁⊒ዷ߇ℂᗐ⊛ߥ⊒ዷߢ޽ࠆ‫ޟޕ‬⣕‛⾰ൻ‫⹏ࠍޠ‬ଔߔࠆߚ߼ߦߪ
࿖߿࿾ၞߩ‛⾰ᶖ⾌㊂ߩផ⸘ߦၮߠ߆ߥߊߡߪߥࠄߥ޿߇‫ࠆ޽ޔ‬࿖ߩ‛⾰ᶖ⾌ߪ‫࡯ࡠࡈ⾰‛ޟ‬⸃ᨆ㧔/CVGTKCN(NQY#PCN[UKUએਅ/(#㧕‫߁޿ߣޠ‬ᚻᴺࠍ↪޿ߡផ⸘ߔࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈ࠆ‫ᧄޕ‬Ⓜ
ߢߪ᭽‫⾗ߥޘ‬ᢱ߆ࠄߎࠇ߹ߢߩਛ࿖ߩ‛⾰ᶖ⾌ࠍ⸃ᨆߒ‫⚻ޔ‬ᷣ⊒ዷߣᲧセߔࠆߎߣߦࠃߞߡ‫ޔ‬ਛ࿖ߩ‫ޟ‬⣕‛⾰ൻ‫ࠍޠ‬ᬌ⸽ߒߡߺߚ޿‫ޕ‬

1

MFA ࠍ Material Flow Accounting ߣ๭߱႐ว߇޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬161

Τ ‛⾰ࡈࡠ࡯⸃ᨆߣߪ
߹ߕ‫ޔ‬ㄭᐕ⋓ࠎߦߥߞߡ߈ߡ޿ࠆ /(# ߦ㑐ߔࠆ⺞ᩏ࡮⎇ⓥߦߟ޿ߡ⺑᣿ߒߚ޿‫ޕ‬/(# ⎇ⓥߪ‫ޔ‬రࠍߚߤࠆߣ  ᐕߏࠈߩ -PGGUG ࠄߩ⎇ⓥ -PGGUGGVCN ߹ߢߦߐ߆ߩ߷ࠆߎߣ߇ߢ
߈ࠆ㧔᫪ญ‫ޔ‬㧕‫ߩߘޕ‬ᓟ᭽‫ߥޘ‬ᒻߢ⊒ዷߒߡ߈ߚ߇‫␠ޔ‬ળߦ߅ߌࠆ‛⾰ߩᵹࠇ‫⾗ޔ‬Ḯᶖ⾌߿⪲ⅣႺ⽶⩄‛⾰ឃ಴╬ࠍ↢‛૕ߦ߅ߌࠆઍ⻢ᯏ⢻ߣ⋧ૃᒻߢ޽ࠆߣߒ‫ޔ‬ᜬ⛯น⢻ߥ␠ળ߳ะ
ߌߡߘࠇࠄࠍ⺞ᩏ࡮⸘▚࡮ℂ⸃ߒ‫▤ޔ‬ℂߒࠃ߁ߣ⹜ߺߚߎߣߦߪᄌࠊࠄߥ޿‫ޔߦ߼ߚߩߘޕ‬/(#ߩߎߣࠍ 2J[UKECN'EQPQOKEU㧔‛⾰⚻ᷣ㧕ߣ๭߱⎇ⓥ⠪߽޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬/(# ࠍ‛⾰ߩ㊀㊂ࡌ࡯ࠬߢⴕߞߚ⎇ⓥߣߒߡߪ‫ޔߕ߹ޔ‬/CVVJGYUGVCN  ߇᜼ߍࠄࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬ߎࠇߪ‫ޔ‬࿖┙ⅣႺ⎇ⓥᚲ㧔ᣣᧄ㧕‫ࡦ࠺ࠗ࡜ޔ‬ᄢቇ㧔ࠝ࡜ࡦ࠳㧕‫ࠕ࡝࠻ࠬ࡯ࠝޔ‬ᄢቇㅪว⎇ⓥᚲ㧔ࠝ࡯ࠬ࠻࡝ࠕ㧕‫⎇࡞࡯࠲ࡄ࠶ࡧޔ‬ⓥᚲ㧔࠼ࠗ࠷㧕‫ޔ‬਎⇇⾗Ḯ⎇ⓥᚲ㧔ࠕࡔ࡝ࠞ㧕ߩวห⎇ⓥ࠴࡯ࡓ
߇ฦ࿖ߩ /(# ࠍⴕ޿‫ޔ‬Ყセࠍߒߡ޿ࠆ߽ߩߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬หႎ๔ᦠߢߪ‫ޔ‬6/4㧔6QVCN/CVGTKCN4GSWKTGOGPV㧕‫&ޔ‬/+ &QOGUVKE/CVGTKCN+PRWV ‫&ޔ‬21 &QOGUVKE2TQEGUU1WVRWV ‫ޔ‬6&1 6QVCN&QOGUVKE1WVRWV ╬ߦࠃߞߡ‫ޕࠆ޿ߡߒ⴫ࠍ࡯ࡠࡈ⾰‛ޔ‬ⅣႺ⽶⩄ߩ⸘▚ߦ㊀ὐ߇⟎߆ࠇߡ߅ࠅ‫&)ޔ‬2 ޽ߚࠅߩ &21 ߪᣣᧄ߇ᦨ߽ዋߥ޿ߣ޿߁⚿ᨐࠍᓧߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬/(# ߩ᡽╷߳ߩ೑↪ߦ㑐ߒߡߪ‫߇ࠊޔ‬࿖ߪవⴕߒߡ޿ࠆߣ޿߃ࠃ߁‫ޕ‬਄⸥ߩ࿖㓙⎇ⓥࡊࡠࠫ
ࠚࠢ࠻ߦ߽ടࠊߞߚ /QTKIWEJK  ߦࠃࠆᣣᧄߩ /(# ߦ㑐ߔࠆ⎇ⓥ߇޽ࠆ㧔᫪ญ‫ޔޔ‬ᯅᧄ࡮᫪ญ‫ޔ‬㧕‫ޕ‬ᜬ⛯น⢻ߥ␠ળታ⃻߳ะߌߚᣇᴺߩ߭ߣߟߪ⾗Ḯᶖ⾌࡮ⅣႺ⽶⩄ឃ಴ࠍૐᷫߔࠆߎߣߢ޽ࠆ‫߇ࠊޔߪࠄࠇߘޕ‬࿖ߩᓴⅣဳ␠ળᒻᚑផㅴ⸘↹㧔ⅣႺ⋭‫ޔ‬㧕ߢߪ⾗Ḯ↢↥ᕈ㧔㧩)&2ᄤὼ⾗Ḯ╬ᛩ౉㊂㧕߿ᓴⅣ೑↪₸㧔㧩ᓴⅣ೑↪㊂㧔ᓴⅣ೑↪㊂㧗ᄤὼ⾗Ḯ╬
ᛩ౉㊂㧕㧕‫⚳ᦨޔ‬ಣಽ㊂ߣ޿߁ᜰᮡߢ⴫ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ߚߒ߁ߎޕ‬ᜰᮡࠍផ⸘ߔࠆߚ߼ߦߪ‫ޔ‬/(# ߦࠃࠆ࿾ၞ߳ߩ⾗Ḯᛩ౉ߣ↥಴㧔⵾ຠ⵾ㅧ‫ޔ‬ᑄ᫈‛ឃ಴㧕ࠍᛠីߔࠆߎߣ߇ᔅⷐߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ᣣᧄߪ/(# ⎇ⓥࠍ࿖ߩⅣႺ᡽╷ߩᢙ୯⋡ᮡߣߒߡ෻ᤋߐߖߡ޿ࠆᢙዋߥ޿࿖ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬'7 ߢ߽ '7 ฦ࿖ߩ /(# ࠍᲧセߒ‫'ޔ‬7 ߩᜬ⛯น⢻␠ળᒻᚑ߳ะߌߚ᡽╷ߦ෻ᤋߐߖࠃ߁ߣߒߡ
޿ࠆ '74156#6CD ‫''ޕ‬#  ߿ $TKPIG\WGVCN  ߪ /(# ߦࠃߞߡ⸘
▚ߢ߈ࠆᜰᮡߢ޽ࠆ &/+ ߿ &/% ࠍ↪޿ߡ‫'ޔ‬7 ߩᜬ⛯น⢻ᕈ⹏ଔᜰᮡߩ৻ߟߣߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬1'%&ߢ߽ห᭽ߦ⣕‛⾰ൻᜰᮡࠍ㐿⊒ߒߡ‫ޔ‬ᜬ⛯น⢻ᕈᐲࠍ⹏ଔߔࠆᜰᮡߣߒߡ޿ࠆ 1'%&CD ‫ޕ‬࿖࡟ࡌ࡞ߢߪߎࠇࠄએᄖߢ߽‫ ࡦ࠺࡯ࠚ࠙ࠬޔ‬2CNO ‫ ࠼ࡦ࡜ࠣࡦࠗޔ‬5EJCPFNCPF5EJWN\ ‫ ࠢ࡯ࡑࡦ࠺ޔ‬2GFGTUGP ‫* ࠼ࡦ࡜ࡦࠖࡈޔ‬QHHTªP ‫౒ࠦࠚ࠴ޔ‬๺࿖㧔ġÎCUP¾
GVCN㧕ਛ࿖㧔:KCQSKWCPF.KLKC/CGVCN㧕ߥߤ߇޽ࠆ‫' ߦ․ޕ‬7 ߢߩ /(#⎇ⓥߪ⋓ࠎߦⴕࠊࠇߡ߅ࠅ‫'ޔ‬74156#6 ߥࠄ߮ߦฦ '7 ട⋖࿖ߢߪ /(# ߩߚ߼ߩ⛔⸘ࠍᢛ஻ߒࠃ
߁ߣߔࠆ⹜ߺ߇ߥߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬࿖ࠍ৻ߟߩන૏ߣߒߚ /(# ⎇ⓥߪ‫ޔ‬ᔅߕߒ߽࿖ౝߢߩ↥ᬺㇱ㐷㑆ߩ‛⾰ࡈࡠ࡯ߦ⌕⋡ߒߡ޿ߥ޿‫ޔ߫ࠄߥߗߥޕ‬࿖ౝߩฦㇱ㐷㑆ߩ‛⾰੤឵ߪⶄ㔀ߢ޽ࠅ‫ޔ‬㜞޿♖ᐲߢ /(# ࠍ⸘▚ߔࠆߎߣ߇಴᧪ߥ޿߆ࠄߢ޽ࠆ‫⎇ߩࠄࠇߎޔߡߞࠃޕ‬ⓥߪࡑࠢࡠ⊛ⷞὐ߆ࠄ⾗Ḯᶖ⾌߿ⅣႺ⽶⩄ឃ಴ߦ⌕⋡ߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬࿾ၞࠍ㒢ቯߒߚ /(# ⎇ⓥߪ࿖࡟ࡌ࡞ߩ /(# ⎇ⓥߦᲧߴࠆߣ‫↥ޔ‬ᬺㇱ㐷㑆ߩ /(#ࠍ⸥ㅀߒߚ੐଀߇ᄙ޿‫ޕ‬ᶏᄖߢߪ‫ࠢ࡯ࡄ࡞ࠕ࡝࠻ࠬ࠳ࡦࠗࠦࠛޔ‬㧔ᣣᧄߩࠛࠦ࠲࠙ࡦߦ⋧ᒰ㧕
2␠ળߦ߅ߌࠆ‛⾰ߩᵹࠇࠍ↢‛૕ߦ߅ߌࠆઍ⻢ᯏ⢻ߣหߓߢ޽ࠆߣߔࠆ⠨߃ᣇߪ +PFWUVTKCNOGVCDQNKUO ߣ޿ࠊࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ ߪ⚦⹦ޕ‬R. Ayres and L. Ayres(1998, 1999㧕ࠍෳᾖߐࠇߚ޿‫ޕ‬162

物質フローから見た中国経済ߦ߅ߌࠆ /(# ⎇ⓥ߇ⴕࠊࠇߡ޿ࠆ㧔4GEJDGTIGT㧕‫ޕ‬࿖ౝߢߪ‫ޔ‬ᓟ⮮ࠄ㧔ᓟ⮮ࠄ‫ޔޔ‬ᓟ⮮࡮ㄼ↰ 㧕ߪ↥ᬺㅪ㑐⴫ࠍ↪޿ߡᗲ⍮⋵ߩ /(# ࠍ‫ޔ‬ᗲ⍮⋵ᐡ㧔ᗲ⍮⋵ⅣႺㇱ‫ޔ‬㧕ߪฦ⒳⛔⸘⾗ᢱࠍ↪޿ߡᗲ⍮⋵ߩ /(# ࠍⴕߞߡ޿ࠆ‫* ࠬࠗࠬ߿ࡦ࡯߽ࠖ࠙ߦઁޕ‬GPFTKMUGVCN ᧲ධࠕࠫࠕߩ৻᧛ 5KPIJCPF)T½PD½JGN ደਭፉ ᓟ⮮ ߦ߅ߌࠆ‛⾰ࡈࡠ࡯ߦ㑐ߔࠆ⎇ⓥ߇ⴕࠊࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬୘೎ߩ‛⾰ߩᵹࠇߦ⌕⋡ߒߚ⎇ⓥߪ‫ޔ‬5WDUVCPEG(NQY#PCN[UKU 5(# ߣࠃ߫ࠇ‫⋓߽ࠄߜߎޔ‬ࠎߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬5(# ߪ࿖߿࿾ၞߦ⌕⋡ߒߚ⎇ⓥࠃࠅ߽‫ߩ⾰‛ߥ⚦⹦ޔ‬ᵹࠇࠍ⸥ㅀߒߚ⎇ⓥ߇ᄙ޿‫ޕ‬ߎࠇ߹ߢߦ߽‫ޔ‬᳓ⅣႺߦ߅ߌࠆ⓸⚛ᓴⅣ ଀߃߫‫ޔ‬5QON[QF[.CORGTV ‫ޔ‬࿾⃿ࠪࠬ࠹ࡓߦ߅ߌࠆ⓸⚛࡮὇⚛ᓴⅣ ଀߃߫‫ޔ‬5W\WMKGVCN)QVQGVCN.KPGVCN
ߪⴕࠊࠇߡ߈ߡ߅ࠅ‫ ߽ࠄࠇߎޔ‬5(# ߩ▸⇵ߦߪ฽߹ࠇࠆ߇‫ޔ‬ㄭᐕߪ․ߦੱ૕ߦᓇ㗀ࠍ෸߷ߔߢ
޽ࠈ߁ߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆ‛⾰ߩࡈࡠ࡯⸃ᨆ߇‫ޔ‬5(# ߩ੐଀ߣߒߡⴕࠊࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬㋦ $TWPPGTGVCN1DGOQUVGTG ‫ޔ‬㌃ 5RCVCTKGVCN8GZNGTGVCN$GTVTCOGVCN
$GTVTCOGVCN-CRWTGVCN)TCGFGNGVCN4GEJDGTIGTCPF)TCGFGN
)TCGFGN ‫ޔ‬੝㋦ )TCGFGN)QTFQPGVCN5RCVCTKGVCN5RCVCTK5
$WTPGTCPF4GEJDGTIGT ᳓㌁ ,CUKPUMK ‫ ࡦ࡝ޔ‬$TWPPGTCPF4GEJDGTIGT
$TWPPGTGVCN.KW ‫ޔ‬ᑪ▽↪‛⾰ 6CPKMCYCGVCN‫ޔ‬ဈᧄࠄ‫ޔ ޔ‬28%
㧔-NGKLPGVCN㧕ߩ /(# ߇޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ᑄ᫈‛ߩ /(# ߦ㑐ߔࠆ⎇ⓥ߽ 5(# ⎇ⓥߩ▸⇵ߦ౉ࠇࠆߎߣ߇಴᧪ࠆ‫ޕ‬਄ㅀߒߚࠃ߁ߦ 5(# ߪ᦭ኂ‛⾰ߩᵹࠇࠍ᣿ࠄ߆ߦߔࠆ߽ߩߢ޽ࠅ‫⥸৻ޔ‬ᑄ᫈‛ਛߩ᦭ኂᑄ᫈‛ߩㅊ〔ߦ᦭ലߢ޽ࠆ‫ࡦ࡯ࠖ࠙ޕ‬Ꮏ⑼ᄢቇߩ $TWPPGT ߣ 4GEJDGTIGT ߪ /(# ߦ㑐ߔࠆࡂࡦ࠼ࡉ࠶ࠢࠍ⪺ߒ㧔$TWPPGTCPF4GEJDGTIGT ‫ޔ‬ᄙߊߩ 5(# ੐଀ࠍ⚫੺ߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ᑄ᫈‛ߩ 5(# ੐଀ߣߒߡ৻⥸ᑄ᫈‛‫ࠢ࠶࠴ࠬ࡜ࡊޔ‬ᑄ᫈‛‫ޔ‬ฎ⚕‫ࠍ╬ࡦࡆࠬ࡜ࠟޔ‬᜼ߍߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬/(# ߦ㑐ߔࠆ⎇ⓥߪታ⸽⊛ߥ⎇ⓥ߇ᄙߊ‫ޔ‬ℂ⺰⊛࡮૕♽⊛ߥ⎇ⓥߪᄙߊߥ޿‫ޕ‬᫪ญ $TKPIG\W
CPF/QTKIWEJK᫪ญ ߪ⴫㧝ߩࠃ߁ߦ /(# ࠍ㧢ߟߩ࠲ࠗࡊߦಽ㘃ߒ‫ߩࠇߙࠇߘޔ‬࠲ࠗࡊߩ․㐳߿ᔕ↪ߦߟ޿ߡㅀߴߡ޿ࠆ‫'ޔߚ߹ޕ‬7㧔'WTQUVCV9GKU\GVCN ߢߪ⴫㧞ߩࠃ߁ߥಽ㘃ߢ &/+ ࠍ⸘▚ߒ‫'ޔ‬7 ฦ࿖ߩ⾗Ḯᶖ⾌ߩ․㐳ࠍ⸥ㅀߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬$TKPIG\WGVCN  ߪฦ࿖ߩ &/+ ߣ )&2 ߩ㑐ଥࠍ⸃ᨆߒ‫␠ޔ‬ળߩᄌㆫߦ㑐ߔࠆ⠨ኤࠍⴕߞߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬Υ ਛ࿖ߦ߅ߌࠆ‛⾰⚻ᷣ߹ߕߪਛ࿖ߦ߅ߌࠆ‛⾰ᶖ⾌ߩ⃻⁁ࠍផ⸘ߒߚ޿‫ޕ‬㘩ᢱᶖ⾌ߦ㑐ߒߡߪ (#1 ⛔⸘㧔‫(ޡ‬#156#6‫ޢ‬㧕ࠃࠅ‫ࠇߘޔ‬એᄖߩ‛⾰ᶖ⾌ߦ㑐ߒߡߪ‫ޡ‬ਛ࿖⛔⸘ᐕ㐓 ‫ޡޢ‬ᣂਛ࿖੖චᐕ⛔⸘⾗ᢱᒵ✬‫ޢ‬ࠃࠅផ⸘ߒߚ‫ޔߒߛߚޕ‬ਛ࿖ߩ㛽᧚ᶖ⾌ߦ㑐ߔࠆ࠺࡯࠲߇ᧂᢛ஻ߩߚ߼ߦ‫࠻ࡦࡔ࠮ޔ‬ᶖ⾌㊂ߣ㆏〝ᑧ㐳߆ࠄផ⸘ߒߚ‫ߩ↪࠻࡯࡝ࠢࡦࠦޕ‬㛽᧚ᶖ⾌㊂ߪᣣᧄߣห᭽ߦ࠮ࡔࡦ࠻ᶖ⾌㊂ߩ㧢୚ߣߒߚ‫ޕ‬㆏〝ᑪ⸳↪ߩ㛽᧚ᶖ⾌㊂߽ᣣᧄߣห᭽ߦ  ࠻ࡦMO ߣߒߚ‫ޕ‬ ᐕᐲߦ߅ߌࠆਛ࿖ߩャ಴౉߅ࠃ߮↢↥ߪ⴫㧟ߩࠃ߁ߦߥࠆ‫&ޕ‬/+ ߪ  ం  ਁ࠻ࡦ‫ޔ‬&/% ߪ  ం  ਁ࠻ࡦߢ޽ࠅ‫ੱ৻ޔ‬ᒰߚࠅ &/+ ߪ  ࠻ࡦߣߥࠆ‫ޕ‬:KCQSKWCPF.KLKC㧔㧕ߪ  ᐕߦ߅ߌࠆ &/+ ࠍ  ం  ਁ࠻ࡦ‫ੱ৻ޔ‬ᒰߚࠅߩ &/+ ࠍ  ࠻ࡦߣផ⸘ߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬163

߹ߚ‫ޔ‬$TKPIG\WGVCN  ߪ  ᐕߦ߅ߌࠆ৻ੱᒰߚࠅߩ &/+ ࠍ  ࠻ࡦߣផ⸘ߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ߚߛߒ‫ޔ‬:KCQSKWCPF.KLKC㧔㧕ߩផ⸘ߦߪᑪ⸳⾗᧚ߪ⠨ᘦߐࠇߡ߅ࠄߕ‫ޔ‬$TKPIG\WGVCN  ߪᑪ⸳⾗᧚ߩផ⸘  ࠻ࡦ ߩਇ⏕ታᕈ߇㜞޿ߣㅀߴߡ޿ࠆ‫ ޕ‬ᐕߩᑪ⸳⾗᧚ߩ &/+ࠍ⁛⥄ߦ⸘▚ߔࠆߣ‫ ޔ‬ంਁ࠻ࡦ‫& ోޔ‬/+ ߪ  ం  ਁ࠻ࡦߣߥࠅ‫ੱ৻ޔ‬ᒰߚࠅߩ &/+ ߪ ࠻ࡦߦߥࠆ‫ ޕ‬ᐕ߆ࠄ  ᐕߩ㑆ߦ &/+ ߪ⚂ 㧑Ⴧ‫ੱ৻ޔ‬ᒰߚࠅߩ &/+ ߪ 㧑Ⴧᄢߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬೨ㅀߒߚࠃ߁ߦ /(# ࠍ↪޿ࠆ․ᓽߣߒߡઁ࿾ၞߣߩᲧセ‫ޔ‬ㆊ෰ߣߩᲧセ߇᜼ߍࠄࠇࠆ‫ޔߕ߹ޕ‬࿾ၞ㑆ߩᲧセࠍⴕ߁‫ޕ‬ฦ࿖ߩ⛔⸘ߪ⛔৻ߐࠇߡ޿ߥ޿ߩߢ‫ޔ‬෩ኒߥᲧセߪߢ߈ߥ޿߇‫ߐ⴫౏ޔ‬ࠇߡ޿ࠆ⛔⸘࡮ᢥ₂ࠃࠅ /(# ߦ㑐ߔࠆᜰᮡࠍផ⸘ߒ‫ޔ‬ฦ࿖㑆ߢᲧセࠍߔࠆ‫ޕ‬࿑㧞ߦਛ࿖‫࡯࡛ޔ‬ࡠ࠶ࡄฦ࿖‫ޔ‬ᣣᧄߩฦㇺ㆏ᐭ⋵ߩ &/% ࠍ␜ߔ‫ ޕ‬ᐕߦ߅ߌࠆਛ࿖ߩ৻ੱᒰߚࠅߩ &/% ߪ ࠻ࡦߢ޽ࠅ‫' ߪࠇߎޔ‬7 ߿ᣣᧄߩߘࠇߣᲧߴࠆߣ‫ޔ‬ਛ࿖ߩ୯ߪዊߐߥᢙሼߦߥࠆ‫ޕ‬ᣣᧄ‫'ޔ‬7 ฦ࿖ߪ )&2 ߩᄢዊߦࠃࠄߕ‫ੱ৻ޔ‬ᒰߚࠅߩ &/% ߇  ࠻ࡦઃㄭߦ㓸߹ߞߡ޿ࠆ‫⁚ޔߦߺߥߜޕ‬⁸␠ળߦ߅ߌࠆ৻ੱᒰߚࠅߩ &/% ߪ ࠻ࡦߢ޽ࠅ‫ޔ‬ㄘ⠹␠ળߪ㧠࠻ࡦߣផ⸘ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ㧔#OCPPGVCN‫ޔ‬㧕‫ޔࠅࠃߦࠇߎޕ‬ਛ࿖ߪ‛⾰ᶖ⾌␠ળ߳ᧄᩰ⊛ߦ⒖ⴕߒߡ޿ߥ޿ߎߣ߇ࠊ߆ࠆ‫৻ޕ‬ੱᒰߚࠅߩ )&2 ߇㧝ਁ75એਅߩ࿖ߩ࠺࡯࠲߇ਇ⿷ߒߡ߅ࠅ‫⏕ޔ‬ታߥߎߣߪ޿߃ߥ޿߇‫ੱ৻ޔ‬ᒰߚࠅߩ )&2 ߇ 75ߩ࠴ࠚࠦ߿ 75ߩࡉ࡜ࠫ࡞ߩ‛⾰ᶖ⾌߇ߔߢߦ '7 ߿ᣣᧄਗߺߢ
޽ࠆߎߣ߆ࠄ‫&)ޔ‬2 ߇ 75೨ᓟߦ‛⾰ᶖ⾌㊂߇ᄢ߈ߊჇᄢߔࠆ▸࿐߇޽ࠆߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬ߒ߆ߒߥ߇ࠄ‫ޔ‬๟⍮ߩߣ߅ࠅਛ࿖࿖ౝߦߪᴪጯㇱߣౝ㒽ㇱߦᄢ߈ߥ⚻ᷣᩰᏅ߇ሽ࿷ߔࠆ‫ޕ‬ർ੩ߩ৻ੱᒰߚࠅߩ )&2 ߪ 75ߢ޽ࠅ‫ޔ‬਄ᶏߩߘࠇߪ 75ߢ޽ࠅ‫ޔ‬ਛ࿖ߩᐔဋ୯ࠃࠅ߽
߆ߥࠅ㜞޿୯ߢ޽ࠆ‫&ޕ‬/% ߣ )&2 ߪᱜߩ⋧㑐ߦ޽ࠆߣ઒ቯߔࠆߣ‫ޔ‬ർ੩࡮਄ᶏߩਔ࿾ၞߩ &/%‫ޔ‬ߟ߹ࠅ‫ޔ‬ᴪጯㇱߩ⚻ᷣ߇⊒㆐ߒߚ࿾ၞߦ߅ߌࠆ &/% ߪ '7 ߿ᣣᧄਗߺߦㄭߠ߈ߟߟ޽ࠆߎߣ߇
੍ᗐߐࠇࠆ‫ޔߚ߹ޕ‬࿑㧞ߦࠃࠆߣ᧲੩ߩ৻ੱᒰߚࠅߩ )&2 ߇ᛮ߈ࠎ಴ߡ޿ࠆ߇‫&ޔ‬/% ߦߟ޿ߡߪᐔဋ⊛ߥ୯ࠍ␜ߒߡ޿ࠆ‫᧲ࠅࠃߦࠇߎޕ‬੩߇㊄Ⲣߥߤߩ‛⾰ᶖ⾌ࠍ઻ࠊߥ޿⚻ᷣᵴേ߇⋓ࠎߢ޽ࠆߎߣࠍ␜ߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ੱ৻ߪ࠼ࡦ࡜ࡦࠖࡈޔߚ߹ޕ‬ᒰߚࠅߩ )&2 ߪ '7 ߿ᣣᧄߩᐔဋߢ޽ࠆ
߇‫&ޔ‬/% ߇ᄢ߈ߥ࿖߿࿾ၞ߽޽ࠆ‫ߪߢ࠼ࡦ࡜ࡦࠖࡈޕ‬ᑪ⸳⾗᧚ߩᶖ⾌㊂߇ᄙ޿ߚ߼ߦ &/% ߇ᄢ߈޿ߩߢ޽ࠆ߇‫ߪࠇߎޔ‬࿖࿯ో૕ߩੱญኒᐲߪૐ޿߇␠ળ⾗ᧄࠍᢛ஻ߒߥߊߡߪ޿ߌߥ޿ߩߢ‫ޔ‬৻ੱᒰߚࠅߩᑪ⸳⾗᧚ᶖ⾌㊂߇ᄙߊߥߞߡߒ߹߁‫ޕ‬⴫㧠ߦฦ࿖ߩ &/% ߩౝ⸶ࠍ␜ߔ‫ ޕ‬ᐕߦ߅ߌࠆ৻ੱᒰߚࠅߩ㘩ᢱᶖ⾌㊂㧔ടᎿ߽฽߻㧕ߪਛ࿖ߢ MI‫ޔ‬ᣣᧄߢ MI‫'ޔ‬7 ߢ MI ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ਛ࿖ߩ႐วߪ㊁⩿ߩᶖ⾌߇ᄙߊ‫'ޔ‬7 ߩ႐วߪ⡺㘃ߩᶖ⾌߇ᄙ޿ߩ߇․ᓽߢ޽ࠆ‫ޔࠃߖߦࠇߕ޿ޕ‬㧟࿾ၞߩ㑆ߦᄢ߈ߥᏅ߇ߥ޿ߎߣ߆ࠄ‫ޔ‬㘩ᢱߩᶖ⾌㊂ߪ )&2 ߦଐሽߒߥ޿ߎߣ߇ࠊ߆ࠆ‫ੱ৻ޕ‬ᒰߚࠅߩൻ⍹Άᢱᶖ⾌㊂ߦ㑐ߒߡߪ‫ޔ‬ਛ࿖ߪ ࠻ࡦ‫'ޔ‬7 ߪ ࠻ࡦ‫ޔ‬ᣣᧄ ࠻ࡦߣߥࠅ‫ޔ‬ਛ࿖ߪ '7‫ޔ‬ᣣᧄߩ⚂ඨಽߣߥߞߡ޿
ࠆ‫ޔߚ߹ޕ‬ห᭽ߦ‫ੱ৻ޔ‬ᒰߚࠅߩᎿᬺ⾗᧚ᶖ⾌㊂ߦߟ޿ߡߪ‫ޔ‬ਛ࿖ߪ ࠻ࡦ‫'ޔ‬7 ߪ ࠻
ࡦߣߥࠅ‫ޔ‬ᄢ߈ߥᏅ߇ߥ޿‫ߦࠇߎޕ‬ኻߒߡ‫ੱ৻ޔ‬ᒰߚࠅߩᑪ⸳⾗᧚ᶖ⾌㊂ߦߟ޿ߡߪ‫ޔ‬ਛ࿖ߪ ࠻ࡦ‫'ޔ‬7 ߪ ࠻ࡦ‫ޔ‬ᣣᧄߪ  ࠻ࡦߢ޽ࠆ‫੹ޔߡߞࠃޕ‬ᓟߩᄢⷙᮨߥ␠ળၮ⋚ߩᢛ஻ߦߣ߽ߥ޿‫⾰‛ޔ‬ᶖ⾌ߩჇᄢ߇੍ᗐߐࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬ ᰴߦ‫&)ޔ‬2 ߣ &/+ ߩㆊ෰ߣ⃻࿷ࠍᲧセߒߡ‫ޔ‬ਛ࿖␠ળߩᜬ⛯น⢻ᕈߦߟ޿ߡᬌ⸛ߔࠆ‫ޕ‬೨ㅀߒߚࠃ߁ߦ &/+ ߪ  ᐕ߆ࠄ  ᐕߩ㑆ߦ 㧑Ⴧᄢߒߡ޿ࠆ߇‫&)ޔ‬2 ߪ  ం  ਁ164

物質フローから見た中国経済75㧔㧕߆ࠄ㧝ళ  ం75㧔㧕ߣߎߜࠄߪ߶߷ 㧑Ⴧᄢߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޔߪࠇߎޕ‬ਛ࿖ߩ⚻ᷣ⊒ዷࠃࠅ߽‛⾰ᶖ⾌ߩિ߮߇߿߿ਅ࿁ߞߡ߅ࠅ‫ޔ‬⣕‛⾰ൻ߇ㅴⴕߒߡ޿ࠆߣ޿߃ࠃ߁‫ޕ‬߹ߚ‫ޔ‬೨ㅀߒߚࠃ߁ߦਛ࿖ߩ৻ੱᒰߚࠅߩ )&2 ߪ '7 ߿ᣣᧄਗߺߢߥ޿ߚ߼ߦ‫⾰‛ޔ‬ᶖ⾌ߩᲑ㓏߽ '7 ߿ᣣᧄߣหߓߢߪߥ޿‫੹ߦ․ޕ‬ᓟߩ޿ߞߘ߁ߩ↥ᬺ⊒ዷ߿␠ળၮ⋚ߩᢛ஻ߦ઻޿‫‛ޔ‬⾰ᶖ⾌ߩિ߮߇ )&2 ߩિ߮ࠍ਄࿁ࠆน⢻ᕈ߽޽ࠅ‫ࠅࠃ߫ࠇߥ߁ߘޔ‬⣕‛⾰ൻ߆ࠄ㆙ߑ߆ࠆน⢻ᕈ߽޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ᑪ⸳⾗᧚ߩ‛⾰ᶖ⾌ߪੱญኒᐲߦଐሽߔࠆߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆ㧔9GKU\GVCN㧕‫ޕ‬ਛ࿖ߪੱญኒᐲ߇ૐ޿ߚ߼ߦ␠ળၮ⋚ߩᢛ஻߇ࠃࠅᔅⷐߦߥࠅ‫ޔ‬ᑪ⸳⾗᧚ߩᶖ⾌߇Ⴧ߃ࠆߣ޿߁
ࠪ࠽࡝ࠝߪ߆ߥࠅ⃻ታ⊛ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬&/+ ᒰߚࠅߩ )&2 ࠍ⾗Ḯ↢↥ᕈߣߔࠆߣ‫⾗ޔ‬Ḯ↢↥ᕈߪ⣕‛⾰ൻߣห⟵ߦߥࠆ‫⾗ޔࠅ߹ߟޕ‬Ḯ↢↥ᕈ߇਄߇ࠆߣ  ᐕߦ߅ߌࠆਛ࿖ߩ⾗Ḯ↢↥ᕈߪ 75࠻ࡦߦኻߒߡ‫'ޔ‬7 ߪ 75࠻ࡦ‫ޔ‬ᣣᧄߩ⾗Ḯ↢↥ᕈߪ 75࠻ࡦߢ޽ࠆ‫ ޕ‬ᐕߩਛ࿖ߪ⾗Ḯ↢↥ᕈ߽ 75࠻ࡦߢ޽ࠆߩߢ‫ߤࠎߣ߶ޔ‬ᡷༀߐࠇߡ޿ߥ޿‫ޕ‬ᣣᧄ߽  ᐕߩ⾗Ḯ↢↥ᕈߪ 75࠻ࡦߢ޽ࠅ‫ޔ‬ᡷༀߐࠇߡ޿ߥ޿‫⾗ޔࠄ߇ߥߒ߆ߒޕ‬Ḯ↢↥ᕈࠍ਄ߍࠆߎߣߪ⣕‛⾰ൻߦߟߥ߇ࠆߎߣߢ޽ࠆ
ߩߢ‫ޔ‬ਔ࿖ߩᦝߥࠆᡷༀࠍᦼᓙߒߚ޿‫ޕ‬Φ ߹ߣ߼
ᧄⓂߢߪਛ࿖ߩ‛⾰ࡈࡠ࡯߆ࠄਛ࿖⚻ᷣࠍᝒ߃ߡߺߚ‫ޕ‬ਛ࿖ߪᕆỗߥ⚻ᷣ⊒ዷࠍ㆐ᚑߒߡ޿
ࠆ߽ߩߩ‫ੱ৻ޔ‬ᒰߚࠅߩ )&2‫⾗ޔ‬Ḯᶖ⾌㊂ߪߣ߽ߦ '7 ߿ᣣᧄࠃࠅ߽ૐ޿᳓Ḱߦ޽ࠆߎߣ߇ࠊ߆
ߞߚ‫ޔࠄ߇ߥߒ߆ߒޕ‬㘩ᢱߩᶖ⾌ߦ㑐ߒߡߪਛ࿖‫'ޔ‬7‫ޔ‬ᣣᧄߦᄢ߈ߥᏅ߇ߥ޿ߎߣ߆ࠄ‫ੱޔ‬㑆ߩၮ␆ઍ⻢ߦ㑐ߔࠆ⾗Ḯᶖ⾌ߪ )&2 ߦଐሽߒߥ޿ߣ޿߃ࠃ߁‫ߦࠇߎޕ‬ኻߒߡ‫ޔ‬ᑪ⸳⾗᧚ߩᶖ⾌ߪਛ࿖߇ '7 ߿ᣣᧄࠃࠅ߽ߪࠆ߆ߦዊߐ޿‫ޕ‬ਛ࿖ߩ੹ᓟߩ⊒ዷߩߚ߼ߦߪ㆏〝ᑪ⸳࡮૑ቛᑪ▽╬ߩ␠ળၮ⋚ߩᢛ஻ߪᰳ߆ߖߕ‫ߣߕߩ߅ޔ‬ᑪ⸳⾗᧚ߩᶖ⾌ߪ߆ߥࠅჇᄢߔࠆߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇ‫⾗ޔ‬Ḯߩᨗᷢ߿ⅣႺ⎕უ╬ߩᓇ㗀߇ ᔨߐࠇࠆ‫ޔࠄ߇ߥߒ߆ߒޕ‬ਛ࿖ߩ⾗Ḯ↢↥ᕈߪ '7 ߿ᣣᧄߣᲧセߒߡ߹ߛ߹ߛૐ޿ߎߣ߆ࠄ‫'ޔ‬7 ߿ᣣᧄਗߺߩ⣕‛⾰ൻ‫ޔ‬㜞޿⾗Ḯ↢↥ᕈࠍታ⃻ߔࠆߎߣ߇ߢ
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࿑㧝 ‛⾰ࡈࡠ࡯⸃ᨆߩ᭎ⷐ

TMR㧔Total Material Requirement㧕: ャ⒖࡮౉㧗࿖ౝ↥಴㧗ᶏᄖߩ㓝ࠇߚ‛⾰ࡈࡠ࡯㧗࿖ౝߩ㓝ࠇߚ‛⾰ࡈࡠ࡯DMI㧔Domestic Material Input㧕 㧦ャ⒖࡮౉㧗࿖ౝ↥಴DMC㧔Domestic Material Consumption㧕 㧦ャ⒖࡮౉㧗࿖ౝ↥಴̆ャ಴
DPO㧔Domestic Process Output) 㧦ᄢ᳇‫ޔ‬࿯࿾‫ޔ‬᳓ⅣႺ߳ߩ‛⾰ឃ಴㊂                 㧔DMI㧙ࠬ࠻࠶ࠢ㧙ャ಴㧕
TDO㧔Total Domestic Output)㧦ᄢ᳇‫ޔ‬࿯࿾‫ޔ‬᳓ⅣႺ߳ߩ‛⾰ឃ಴㊂㧗࿖ౝߩ㓝ࠇߚ‛⾰ࡈࡠ࡯*㓝ࠇߚ‛⾰ࡈࡠ࡯ߣߪ⋡⊛‛⾰ߩ⒖േߦ઻ߞߡ⒖േߔࠆ‛⾰‫߫߃଀ޔ‬㋕㋶⍹ណជᤨߦ⊒↢ߔࠆ࿯⍾ࠍߐߔ‫ޕ‬㧔಴ᚲ㧕Matthews et al 2000 ࠍᡷᄌ

169࿑㧞 ਛ࿖‫ࡄ࠶ࡠ࡯࡛ޔ‬ฦ࿖‫ޔ‬ᣣᧄߩฦㇺ㆏ᐭ⋵ߩ DMC

㪋㪇㪛㫆㫄㪼㫊㫋㫀㪺㩷㪤㪸㫋㪼㫉㫀㪸㫃㩷㪚㫆㫅㫊㫌㫄㫇㫋㫀㫆㫅㩷㩿㫋㪆㫐㫉㪆㪺㪸㫇㪀䊐䉞䊮䊤䊮䊄
㪊㪌
ർᶏ㆏

㪊㪇

⑔ፉ⋵

䉝䉟䊦䊤䊮䊄

㪉㪌

䉩䊥䉲䊞
䉼䉢䉮

㪉㪇
䊑䊤䉳䊦

㪈㪌

䊘䊦䊃䉧䊦
㪈㪇

䊂䊮䊙䊷䉪
䉴䉡䉢䊷䊂䊮
ᗲ⍮⋵

䊄䉟䉿
㪜㪬ᐔဋ

䉴䊕䉟䊮

䉥䊷䉴䊃䊥䉝
ᣣᧄᐔဋችၔ⋵䉟䉺䊥䉝 䉟䉩䊥䉴
䉥䊤䊮䉻
䊔䊈䉵䉣䊤
䊗䊥䊎䉝
䊐䊤䊮䉴

䊔䊦䉩䊷䊶䊦䉪䉶
䊮䊑䊦䉫
᧲੩ㇺ

ᄢ㒋ᐭ

ਛ࿖

㪌
㪇
㪇

㪈㪇㪇㪇㪇

㪉㪇㪇㪇㪇

㪊㪇㪇㪇㪇
㪋㪇㪇㪇㪇
㪌㪇㪇㪇㪇
㪞㪛㪧㩷㫇㪼㫉㩷㪺㪸㫇㫀㫋㪸㩷䋨㪬㪪䋥㪆㪺㪸㫇㪀

㪍㪇㪇㪇㪇

㪎㪇㪇㪇㪇

⴫㧝 Bringezu and Moriguchi (2002)ߦࠃࠆ MFA ߩಽ㘃ᄢಽ㘃࠲ࠗࡊ Σ

࠲ࠗࡊ Τ

ਥߚࠆ㑐ᔃਅ⸥ߩࠃ߁ߥ‛⾰࡮⵾ຠߩන૏ࡈࡠ࡯㊂ਅ⸥ߩ▸࿐ࠍ಴౉ࠅߔࠆ‛⾰ߦ㑐ㅪߔࠆߩ಴⊒ὐ޽ߚࠅߩ․ቯߩⅣႺᓇ㗀᭽‫ߥޘ‬ⅣႺ໧㗴

ಽ㘃

ౖဳ⊛ߥ
ኻ⽎ߩ଀

஻⠨

‛⾰

‛⾰

(ర⚛࡮ൻว‛)㧔ේ᧚ᢱ㧕

Cd, Cl, Pb,

ᧁ᧚‫ޔ‬Άᢱ‫ޔ‬Zn, Hg, N, P,ᑪ⸳᧚ᢱ‫ࡊޔ‬C, CO2, CDF

࡜ࠬ࠴࠶ࠢ

⵾ຠ

੐ᬺᚲ࡮
ኅᐸ╬

ㇱ㐷

࿾ၞ

㧔㓸ว૕ߣ

ㇺᏒ‫ޔ‬࿾ᣇ‫ޔ‬⚕߅߻ߟ‫⫾ޔ‬↢↥⸳஻‫ޔ‬੐ߒߡߩ㧕↢↥

࿖㧔✚㊂߿෼

㔚ᳰ‫⥄ޔ‬േゞᬺᚲ‫ޔ‬ડᬺ

ㇱ㐷‫ޔ‬ൻቇ↥ᡰࡃ࡜ࡦࠬߦ

ᬺ‫ޔ‬ᑪ⸳↥ᬺ㊀ὐࠍ߅ߊ㧕

‛⾰࡮⵾ຠࠍ߹ߕ⸳ቯߒ‫ޔ‬ኻ⽎ߣߔࠆ▸࿐㧔੐▸࿐ࠍ߹ߕ⸳ቯߒ‫ޔ‬ᛠីߩኻ⽎ࠍర⚛࡮ൻวᬺᚲ‫ޔ‬ㇱ㐷‫ޔ‬࿾ၞߥߤ㧕ࠍ᳿߼ߡ‛⾰ࡈࡠ࡯‛‫ޔ‬ේ᧚ᢱ‫⵾ޔ‬ຠ‫✚ޔ‬㊂࡮෼ᡰߥߤߩਛ߆ࠄ

ࠍߣࠄ߃ࠆㆬࠎߢ‫ࠍ࡯ࡠࡈ⾰‛ޔ‬᝝ࠄ߃ࠆ㧔಴ᚲ㧕Bringezu and Moriguchi (2002)170

物質フローから見た中国経済⴫㧞 Weisz et al
Food

All potentially edible biomass from cropland plus traded food productall biomass from grassland, by-products and crops exclusively used for feeding

Feed

Biomass

Fossil fuels

Industrial
minerals(2005)ߦࠃࠆ MFA ߩಽ㘃livestock plus traded fodder
all caught "wild" animals ( in particular fish catch) and all traded livestock andAnimals

animal products, incl. fish

Wood

Harvested wood and traded wood-based products incl. paper, furniture, etc

Other

Fibers and highly manufactured traded commodities predominantly frombiomass

biomassCoal

All type of coalOil

All type of oil

Natural gas

All types of natural gas

Other fossils

Peat and highly manufactured traded commodities from all types of fossil fuels

Industrial

All non-metallic minerals used predominantly for industrial process(excl. fossil

mineralsfuels)Ores

All types of metallic ores and metal-based products

Construction

Construction

minerals

minerals㧔಴ᚲ㧕Weisz et al

All minerals used primarily in construction(2005)⴫㧟 ਛ࿖ߩ‛⾰ᶖ⾌
DMI㧔104t㧕 DMI㧔104t㧕 DMC㧔104t㧕
1996*

2003

2003

৻ੱᒰߚࠅ

৻ੱᒰߚࠅ

৻ੱᒰߚࠅ

DMI (t)DMI (t)DMI (t)

1996

1996

2003

ࡃࠗࠝࡑࠬ

73,000 *154,000

153,000

0.68

0.6 **1.18

ൻ⍹Άᢱ

157,000 *228,000

215,000

1.46

1.3 **

1.75

Ꮏᬺ⾗᧚

83,000 *116,000

114,000

0.77

0.1 **0.89

ᑪ⸳⾗᧚

350,000

627,000

627,000

3.26(0.4) **

4.81

ో‛⾰

663,000

1,125,000

1,109,000

6.17(2.4) **

8.63

313,000 *412,000

395,0002.91

ో‛⾰ᑪ⸳⾗᧚ࠍ㒰ߊ

2.5 *2.0 *** Xiaoqiu and Lijia (2004) ** Bringezu et al(2004)                ήශߪ⪺⠪⸘▚

171

3.82

⴫㧠 ฦ࿾ၞߩ DMC
t/cap

China

China

Japan

EU

2003

1996

2000

2002

0.72

-

0.56

0.874)

ࡃࠗࠝࡑࠬ

-

0.61)

22)

64)

ൻ⍹Άᢱ t/cap

1.75

1.31)

3.73)

3.54)

Ꮏᬺ⾗᧚ t/cap

0.89

0.11)

32)

1.04)

ᑪ⸳⾗᧚ t/cap

4.81*

0.42)

6.53)

7.04)

㘩ᢱ

1) Xiaoqiu and Lijia (2004) 2) Bringezu et al(2004)  ⅣႺ⋭  ࠃࠅ⪺⠪ផ⸘  Weisz et al (2005)
ήශߪ⪺⠪⸘▚172