Key Note: Renewable Integration inJapan 2030
Lessons Learned from the German Energy Transition

2018/17/12
Gunter Scheibner

Ensuring qualtity and securty ofsupply under high shares ofrenewable energies is possible

2018/17/12
Gunter Scheibner

50Hertz as part of the interconnected
European Electricity System

1

3
24

3

1. 50Hertz
2. TenneT TSO
3. Amprion
4. TransnetBW

3

50Hertz at a glance
2010(share Germany)

2017(share Germany)

Grid area

109,589 km² (~31%) 109,589 km² (~31%)

Length of lines

9,800 km (~30 %)10,200 km (~30 %)Max. load~ 17 GW (~20 %)~ 16 GW (~20 %)~ 98 TWh (~20 %)~ 96 TWh (~20 %)38,354 MW (~35%)*
15,491 MW (~30%)*
11,318 MW (~40%)*

54,069 MW (~26%)*
31,177 MW (~30%)*
18,556 MW (~34%)*

RES share in power
consumption~ 25 %

53.4 %

Turnover- of which Grid

5.6 bn. €0.6 bn. €9.9 bn. €1.3 bn. €Employees

643

1,043

Power consumption (basedon electricity supplied to end-consumers in acc.
with Renewables Energy Law „EEG“)

Installed capacities- of which Renewables- of which WindSource: 50Hertz; *preliminary data; as of 06/03/2018

4

Feed-in of renewable energies within the 50Hertz grid area

50Hertz grid area: development of RES
feed-in (TWh)50Hertz grid area: composition of RES
feed-in (2017, in %)

60
0,8%
50

0,4%

51*

48

Wind onshore

46

Wind offshore

21,7%

40
40
35

30
2820

Solar PV

37

17,9%

25

1056,4%

Biomass
Hydropower

2,8%

Gas(renewable)

02010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017

Source: 50Hertz; *preliminary data, as of 03/01/2018

5Increasing feed-in of RES
RES share in final consumption in the 50Hertz grid area
10090

Projection: Share of RE in final
electricity consumption withinthe 50Hertz area

53,4 %*

80

65% RE target until 2030

7060
5040
30
20

2020-2021

Status Quo: Share of RE infinal electricity consumption
within the 50Hertz area

100
2005

2010

2015

2020

2025

Source: 50Hertz, *preliminary data;
as of 31/12/2017

The grid area of 50Hertz is a frontrunner in Germany and Europe in integrating
renewables while maintaining high levels of supply security.
6Fulfilment of demand by renewable energies
GW
13

Hours in which the feed-in of renewablesexceeded the total electricity
consumption within the 50Hertz area.

1085
3

Hours of the year 2017

0-3-5-8-10

1,225 Hrs.

8,760 Hrs.

≙ 51 Days≙ 14% of the year

-13

In 2017, the feed-in of renewable energies exceeded totalelectricity consumption on 51 days.
7

The 50Hertz grid area proves that a combination of highshare of RES and high quality of supply is possible
UHV INCIDENT RATIO OF 50HERTZ IN COMPARISONWITH GERMAN TSOSSAIDI(1)20

2,5Number of incidents per
100km grid length

18

2

16
14

1,5121102006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

0,5SAIDI EUROPEAN COUNTRIES IN 2014
0Poland192

Greece92

Czech Republic

84

Portugal75

Incident ratio 50Hertz

Sweden75

Incident ratio all GER TSO

Hungary

Average incident ratio 50Hertz
Average incident ratio all GER TSOs
* preliminary

74

Spain

54

France

50

Italy

41

Austria

33

Netherlands

20

Denmark
1System Average Interruption Duration Index in minutes

Source: Bundesnetzagentur (BNetzA)

12Germany

12050

100150200250

8

RES development in Germany
20062017− ~ 30,000 plants− 1,665* MW inst. wind in Germany− ~ 221,000 plants− 2,233* MW ins. wind in Germany− > 1,600,000 plants− 49,628* MW inst. wind in Germany− 42,980* MW inst. PV im Germany

Area proportional to the installed capacities

2000

The implementation of the German Renewables Energy Law (EEG) led
to a massive growth of RES in Germany.
Source: 50Hertz; 50Hertz, TenneT, Amprion, TransnetBW, Google Earth;*BWE Figures

PVWindBiomass
9

RES in the 50Hertz grid area:
Present situation and forecast of installed capacities
Installed capacities in MW
50.000

PastFuture44.950

45.000Installed capacities
end of 201740.00035.00030.00025.00039.630Wind

18.556 MW

Solar PV

10.385 MW

Biomass

1.884 MW

Others352 MW

Total

31.177 MW

34.23031.177
OthersBiomass
Wind onshore

20.00015.49115.000

Solar PV

9.658

10.0005.000

Wind offshore

2.100

02000

2006

2010

2017

2020

2025

2030

Source: 50Hertz; *preliminary data; as of 06/03/201810

Efficient use of ancillary services
serves as an enabler for renewable
integration

2018/17/12
Gunter Scheibner

Three control power types exist to keep frequency at 50 Hz

Control by TSOs
FCR:Frequency Containment
Reserve = Primary control

FCRRegelung durch
aFRRÜNBmFRR

Reserveby suppliers

mFRR:
Manual Frequency
Restoration Reserve= tertiary control(minute reserve)

Inertia

T0aFRR:
Automatic Frequency
Restoration Reserve= secondary control

30 s

5 min

15 min60 minNo need so far to significantly change control power products since control power
prices have steadily decreased in last years.
Source: 50Hertz
12Future development of control power capacities
depends on installed volatile RES
Dependency simulation of the aFRR-needs and installed PV
full aFRR demand
Tatsächlicher
SRL Bedarf
5aFRRPVforauf
PVSRL-Bedarf
AnteilaFRR demand influenced by:- RES forecast error- Load forecast error- PP outages

4GW
3
2aFRR demand mainly determined by PV forecast error

1source: own analysis / simulations

0050

100
Installed PV capacity

GW

150

Without significant higher and more extensive involvement of RES and demand
surces future control power needs can not be met.
13

Examples of new of control power providers- Three electricboilers prequali-fied
for secondary
control (aFRR)
provision- Up to 10 MW aFRR
- Start of aFRR
marketing inDecember 2013

- Battery Technology:
Lithium-Ion SodiumSulphur- Power:1 MW- Capacity: 6.2 MWh- Commissioning:
01/2012- Usage: primarycontrol (FCR)- Project of LichtBlick
Energie undInnovation GmbHand German TSOs
- Start in 2014 with
5 MW secondary
control (aFRR)- Provision of 30 MW
primary control by
TRIMET Aluminium
AG via aluminium
electrolysis- Start of FCR
marketing in 2011

- up to 100 MWaFRR possible- Utilisation of storagepotentials of the socalled “Home powerplants”

Currently are 7.709 RES-Units of 34 different owners prequalified for negative mFRR
14

Solar eclipse 2015 March 20 – No Problem
PV-forecast – Live extrapolation Germany
Megawatt (MW)25.000-2.674 MW/1/4-Std
20.042 MW

20.000Lessons learned:- The market products developedand introduced in the last years
worked properly~13,7 GW
15.00013.351 MW~6 GW- TSOs properly secured thesystem via additional security
measures10.0006.314 MW
5.000

00:15:00
01:00:00
01:45:00
02:30:00
03:15:00
04:00:00
04:45:00
05:30:00
06:15:00
07:00:00
07:45:00
08:30:00
09:15:00
10:00:00
10:45:00
11:30:00
12:15:00
13:00:00
13:45:00
14:30:00
15:15:00
16:00:00
16:45:00
17:30:00
18:15:00
19:00:00
19:45:00
20:30:00
21:15:00
22:00:00
22:45:00
23:30:00

0- Need for increased flexibility
shown by this kind of situation as
we will face similar needs on amore regular basis in the future+4.111 MW/1/4-Std
PV-Kombi, 50Hertz, Dayahead Forecast
PV-Kombi,
08.00am 50Hertz, Extrapolation

German TSOs can count on market mechanism for basic balancing.
15IGCC Cooperation with neighbour TSOs

In May 2010, all four German TSOs have launched the so called Grid Control
Cooperation (GCC) to optimize secondary control procurement and activation.
Many aspects of the GCC system are open for a contribution of TSOs fromneighboring countries, so called International Grid Control Cooperation(IGCC).

German TSOs GCC
May 2010

2010

TenneT NL
Feb 2012

2011

CEPS
Jun 2012

2012

Oct 2011
Mar 2012
Energinet.dk Swissgrid

APG
Apr 2014

2013

2014

RTEFeb 2016

2015

2016

Oct 2012
Elia16International grid control cooperation (IGCC)
Grid control cooperation (GCC)
functioning in four modules

Participating inall Modules

Energinet.dk• Module 1: Avoid activation of secondary controlpower (aFRR) in the opposite direction

Participating onlyin Module 1

 reduction of secondary control energy

TenneT NL
50HertzAmprionČEPSElia• Module 2: Joint dimensioning and mutual support
with secondary control power among participatingTSOs
 reduction of secondary control power• Module 3: Joint activation procedures: Activation
signal will be provided by that TSO where thegenerator is connected

RTE
TenneT D

 one common market area
• Module 4: Common Merit Order List or common
control energy prices

TRANSnetBW

SwissgridAPG further cost optimization

Technical solution via connection ofLoad-Frequency Controllers.
17

Development Secondary Control Reserve Activation
Bild noch in besserer Qualität Bereitstellen
40%

9000
9.000 GWh

408.000 GWh

Activation of aFRR (GWh)

7000
7.000 GWh

35%

35
NL, CH,
BE joint
IGCC

30%

30

6000
6.000 GWh

Shar of RES integration (%)

GCC of 4German
DK joint
TSO
IGCC

8000

25%

25

5000
5.000 GWh

20%AT joint
IGCC

4000

4.000 GWh

20
FR joint
IGCC

15%

15

3.000 GWh
3000

10%

2000
2.000 GWh

1010001.000 GWh

500 GWh

05%0%

2006
2007 20082008 20092009 20102010
2011
2012 201320132014 2015
2015 2016
2016
2017
2006
2007
2011
2012
2014
2017
aFRR-SRLaFRR ++
SRL

Share of EEG
RES integration
Anteil18

Thank you for your attention!

Gunter Scheibner
Elia Grid International GmbH
Heidestraße 210557 Berlin
030.5150-4450
gunter.scheibner@50hertz.com
www.50hertz.com

2018/17/12