Task Force on National Greenhouse Gas Inventories

Overview of IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse
Gas Inventories,
including on-going work on 2019 Refinement
Expert Meeting on Short-lived Climate Forcers (SLCF)
28 May 2018
Kiyoto Tanabe (Co-chair, IPCC TFI)National Greenhouse Gas Inventory• Emission Inventory = Estimates of all emissions (andremovals) of particular gases from given sources from adefined region in a specific period of time
• National GHG inventory deals with– Anthropogenic emissions/removals of Greenhouse Gases– National estimates (within national territory and offshore areasover which the country has jurisdiction)– Annual estimates• Not based on life-cycle analysis• Basis for scientific understanding of climate change• Basis for policy making– To monitor progress towards policy goals– To help develop cost-effective policy/etc

IPCC InventoryGuidelines• Guidelines have evolved from 1996 to2006• Development of Good Practice Guidance(GPG) was a major step forward– Complete, consistent, comparable,transparent, and accurate inventories taking
account of available resources– Major change was from 1996 LUCF to GPG
LULUCF• 2006 Guidelines [2.5 years work, 250
authors]–––––––Have 4 sectors
Have improved methods and default data
Cover more greenhouse gases and methods
Integrate GPG
Require similar resources
Do not pre-empt accounting choices
The best globally applicable methods

1995 Guidelines
for National
Greenhouse Gas
Inventories
1995

Revised 1996
Guidelines for National
Greenhouse Gas
Inventories

1996

1997

1998

1999

Guidanceused forreportingto theUNFCCC

Good Practice Guidanceand Uncertainty
Management in National
Greenhouse Gas
Inventories, 2000

Good PracticeGuidance forLand-use, Land
Use Change andForestry, 2003

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005IPCC 2006 Guidelines for
National Greenhouse gas
Inventories, 20062006

2013

+

New Supplementary Guidance in 2013

IPCC Inventory Guidelines
Non-Annex I Parties areencouraged to use GPGs.
Non-Annex I Parties shoulduse 1996 Guidelines.
(Annex to Decision 17/CP.8)

1995 IPCC
Guidelines

GPG2000

GPG2003(non-LULUCF)(LULUCF)＋

Annex I Parties must use
from 2015
2006 IPCC
Guidelines

Revised 1996 IPCC
Guidelines

Actually, 2006 Guidelines are being usedby more and more Non-Annex I Parties.
Revision/Update by the IPCC

Sources/Sinks and Gases covered• Sources/Sinks– Energy Sector– Industrial Processes and Product Use (IPPU) Sector– Agriculture, Forestry and Other Land Use (AFOLU) Sector– Waste Sector• Gases– CO2, CH4, N2O, HFCs, PFCs, SF6, NF3– Other halogenated gases– For precursors (NOx, NMVOC, CO, SO2, …), estimation
methodology is not provided. Instead, links to information onmethods used under other agreements and conventions areprovided. (e.g. “EMEP/CORINAIR Emission Inventory
Guidebook”)

Good Practice Guidance

Reporting

Verification

QA/QC

Time Series Consistency

WasteKey Categories

AFOLU

UncertaintiesIPPU

Data Collection

Sectoral Guidance

EnergyMethodological Choice

General Guidance & Reporting

Emission
Inventory• Assists countries in producing inventories that areaccurate in the sense of being neither over- norunderestimates so far as can be judged, and in which
uncertainties are reduced as far as possible
7

Quality of Inventory• 2006 IPCC Guidelines help countries compile a highquality inventory of anthropogenic emissions andremovals of greenhouse gases that is credible &convincing.
• Indicators of quality:– Transparency– Completeness– Consistency– Comparability– Accuracy

How to estimate emissions/removals• Make estimates based on parameters associated with emission rates– CO2 proportional to amount of fuel burnt– Changes on stocks of carbon in forests give emissions (or removals) of CO2• Tiered methodologies:✓ Tier 1 – basic, simplest method (Use of default emission factors, etc)
✓ Tier 2 – intermediate method (Use of country-specific emission factors, etc)
✓ Tier 3 – most demanding in terms of complexity and data requirements

Typical Tier 1methodE  EF • AD
Where:

E = EmissionEF = Emission Factor
AD = Activity Data

Use of metrics to calculate CO2-equivalent• 2006 IPCC Guidelines do not require inventory compilers
to calculate and report national total emissions in CO2equivalent unit.
• However, for some elements/processes, aggregation ofemissions of different gases in CO2 equivalent unit isnecessary.
✓ Reporting Table 6D – 6F: Trends of HFC, PFC and SF6✓ Key category analysis✓ Uncertainty assessment (aggregation of uncertainties)• 2006 IPCC Guidelines do not specify which metrics should
be used to calculate CO2 equivalent.

2019 Refinement to the 2006 IPCC Guidelines➢ More than 10 years have passed since 2006…
➢ IPCC decided to develop a new Methodology Report to refinethe 2006 IPCC Guidelines.
➢ Aim:o to provide an updated and sound scientific basis for supporting thepreparation and continuous improvement of national GHG inventories;o not to revise the 2006 IPCC Guidelines, but update, supplement and/orelaborate the 2006 IPCC Guidelines where gaps or out-of-date science
have been identified.

➢ Will be completed in May 2019(= well in advance of the 1st Global Stocktake under Paris Agreement)
The 2019 Refinement will not replace the 2006 IPCC Guidelines.
It should be used in conjunction with the 2006 IPCC Guidelines.

2019 Refinement: Work Plan / Milestones
EventDate

1st Lead Author Meeting (LAM1)

7 - 14 Jun 2017

2nd Lead Author Meeting (LAM2)

25 - 28 Sep 2017

FOD Expert Review

4 Dec 2017 - 11 Feb 2018 (10 weeks)

3rd Lead Author Meeting (LAM3)

Week of 10 - 13 Apr 2018

Literature Cut-off Date

25 June 2018

SOD Government/Expert Review

2 Jul - 9 Sep 2018 (10 weeks)

4th Lead Author Meeting (LAM4)

Week of 22 - 27 Oct 2018

Final Draft Government Review

14 Jan - 10 Mar 2019 (8 weeks)

IPCC Panel Adoption/AcceptanceMay 2019

FOD: First Order Draft; SOD: Second Order Draft

Thank you!
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http://http://www.ipcc.ch/
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