Ministry of FederalTerritories

Networking Event :PILOT PROGRAM OF SPATIAL PLANNING PLATFORM(SPP) IN CAMBODIA, MONGOLIA & MYANMAR
10TH FEBRUARY 2020 I 4.30 pm – 6.30 pm

TIME

Supporting the Formulationand Implementation ofTerritorial / Spatial Plans
Through MultilateralCollaboration
by:Mohd Sukuran Bin Taib

Deputy Director
National Physical Planning Division

PLANMalaysia(Federal Department of Town and Country Planning)

Ministry of Federal Territories
MALAYSIA

Peer-Reviewer for the Spatial Planning Platform (SSP) Pilot Project in Cambodia

PRESENTATION OUTLINES
1. Understanding Spatial Planning
2. Spatial Planning Benefits
3. Benchmarkings
4. Overview of Spatial Planning inCambodia
5. Issues and Challenges of NSP
6. Basic Approach Towards Formulating
National Spatial Planning

7. Setting the NSP Goal
8. Preparing the NSP
9. Way Forward
2
1

WHAT IS SPATIAL PLANNING?
❖ ‘The art and science of ordering the use of land and siting of buildings and communicationroutes so as to secure maximum practicable degree of economy, convenience and beauty.‘(Lewis Keeble, 1969)❖ ‘A set of governance practices for developing and implementing strategies, plans, policies andprojects, and for regulating the location, timing and form of development.‘ (Patsy Healey, 1997)
An activity centered on making decisions relating to the locationand distribution of land use activities.

1

Ensuring the utilization of land resources is planned andimplemented in an organized manner to meet the needs ofpresent and future generation.

2

Fulfilling the aims of efficiency and democracy through public
participation.

3

To create the conditions for an enhanced quality of life.

42

SPATIAL PLANNING BENEFITS

Social Sustainability▪
▪

Involves people (people-centric)
The needs of the local communities
in policy development

Economic Sustainability▪
▪

▪

Affects profit
Helps identify land in appropriate
locations to meet the need for
economic development.
Helps identify development thatmeetstheneedsoflocalcommunities.

Environmental Sustainability
▪
▪
▪

▪

Affects the planet.
Address potential environmental risks
and to adapt to climate changes.
Promotes the use of brownfield land
andminimizes
development
ongreenfield land.
Contribute to conserving importantenvironmental, historic and culturalassets.

Governance▪
▪
▪

▪

Stakeholder participation.
Transparency of decision-making.
Efficient and effective management ofnatural,
humanandfinancial
resources.
Fair and equitable allocation ofresources and benefits

3

NATIONAL SPATIAL PLANNING : BENCHMARKINGMALAYSIA

UNITED KINGDOMJAPANSOUTH KOREA

32.4 mil.population

66.48 mil.population

126.52 mil.population

51.63 mil.population▪ Malaysia's 5-YearDevelopment Plan
▪ National PhysicalPlan, 2015
▪ National
Urbanization Policy
2, 2015▪ National Rural
Physical Planning
Policy▪ Sectoral Policies▪ The National
Planning Policy
Framework(NPPF) - England▪ National Planning
Framework (NPF)- Scotland▪ Wales Spatial Plan- Wales▪ Regional
Development
Strategy(RDS2035) Northern Ireland▪ Comprehensive
National TerritorialPlan (CNTP)▪ Capital Area
Development Plan
▪ Promotion ofEnterprise City Policy▪ 5-Year Plan forRegional
Development▪ Comprehensive
National
Development Plan
(CNDP), 1962-2008▪ National Spatial
Strategy, 2008
▪ New National
Spatial Strategy,
20154

OVERVIEW OF SPATIAL PLANNING IN CAMBODIA
Input to NSP

National Strategy
Development Plan▪

▪

Transport Master Plan
Biodiversity Master Plan

Lack of integration between spatialand socio economic aspects ofdevelopment.
Lack of adherence to these plans
which has resulted in a sprawling,
disjointed urban landscape

Urban Planning & Land
Management Law▪
▪

The absence of mention the need to have
NSP in the law.
NSP to be a Statutory Plan5

ISSUES AND CHALLENGES OF NSP
Rapid Urbanization▪
▪
▪

Urban sprawl, congestion, and poordelivery of basic urban services.
Mismatch and insufficient in housing
supply.
Decrease in green coverage.

Environmental
Degradation▪

Economic development activities
have generated major
environmental consequences,including air pollution, waterpollution, noise pollution and solidwastes.

Imbalance RegionalDevelopment▪

▪
▪

The absence of strong strategies
to address the gaps betweenregions.
Inadequate planning capacity andpolicy interventions.
Growing pressure on landuseconversion.
Development
Mismatch &Incompatibility inDevelopment Areas▪
▪
▪
▪

The absence of designated development areas.
Incompatible land uses in development areas
No proper zoning.
Pressure on land conversion.

Institutional Limitations
▪
▪
▪
▪
▪

▪

Lack of experience and know-how
on spatial planning.
Lack of engagement with relevant
stakeholders.
Obsolete legal framework.
Limited institutional framework.
Limited Human Resources andcapacity at provincial and locallevels.
Limited data for analysis (landusemaps)

66

BASIC APPROACH TOWARDS FORMULATINGNATIONAL SPATIAL PLANNING

Assessment of
the current
achievement
and future
needs

Assessmentofofthe
theNPP-2
current
Assessment
achievement
andfuture needs
achievement
and future needs.

Latestpolicy
policyandand development
development focus in
Latestinnational
nationalandandglobal
global context
context.

ClimateChangechange andClimateandresilient
resilientdevelopment
developmentaspects
aspects.

Integrating theexisting andlatest policies/
plans in nationaland global
context

Focusing onclimate change
aspects

Taking into
account theglobalcommitment

State/local level planning coordinated with theLatest 11th Malaysia Plan thrusts andaspirations development direction at the nationalframeworklevelState level planning coordinated with theaspirations and development direction at
the national level

7

SETTING THE NSP GOAL

Dynamic Urban and Rural
GrowthGOAL
Achieving aresilient andliveablenation

Spatial Sustainability
And Resilience To
Climate Change

Building Inclusive And
Liveable Communities

Good Governance8

PREPARING THE NSP1▪
▪
▪
▪
▪

Terms of Reference
Preparation

Study goal and objectivesScopes of work
Study framework
Determining Study Approach
Determining study output andoutcome
Study timeline▪

4▪
▪

2▪
▪
▪

Determining cost of study
Procurement processes
Appointment of consultants

3▪
▪
▪
▪

5

Approval Processes

Government
Legal processes of finalizing
the plan

Budgetary andProcurement
Processes▪

▪

The Study

Collection of primary andsecondary data
Data analysis
Engagement with various
stakeholders
Strategies and land use
policy proposals

Dissemination,Implementation &Monitoring

Policy dissemination to therelevant stakeholders andgeneral public
Monitoring theimplementation level of eachstrategy/action

9

WAY FORWARD
Growth andCompetitiveness

Environmental
Sustainability

Good
GovernanceLiveability

Resiliency

Inclusivity

WAY FORWARD
CHALLENGES

Targeted
Population

Low Carbon
City

Connectivity

CAMBODIA
Controlled
Urbanization

Sustainable
Transportation

LIVEABLERESILIENT

Urban-Rural
Linkages

Addressing Climate
Change10

THANK YOU
Perancangan Melangkaui Kelaziman
Planning : Beyond Conventional

www.townplan.gov.my