14 Vocabulary S3 Answers
1

スーパーで

5 この

りんごを

かいました。

Sūpā de goko no ringo o kaimashita.
(I) bought five apples at the supermarket.

1 はい

2 まい

3 こ

4 ほん

		hai		mai		ko		honThe correct answer is #3– こ .

This is essentially a question about using counters. Apples ( りんご , ringo) are smaller objects so we
can use the counter こ , which is used to count smaller objects like this.

Other Answers

はい – hai, counter for cupfuls
スプーン

2 はいの

さとうを

入れました。

Supūn ni-hai no satō o iremashita.
(I) put two spoonfuls of sugar in.

まい – mai, counter for flat objects
電車の

きっぷを

3 まい

もっています。

Densha no kippu o san-mai motte imasu.
(I) have 3 tickets for the train.

ほん – hon, counter for long cylindrical objects
わたしは

三本

ペンを

もっています。

Watashi wa sanbon pen o motte imasu.
I have 3 pens.

2

にほんごで

こたえて

ください。

Nihongo de kotaete kudasai.
Please answer in Japanese.

1 つかって2 わたして3 つくって4 こたえて		tsukatte		 watashite		tsukutte		 kotaete
The correct answer is #4– こたえて .

Looking at the first part of the sentence にほんごで , in Japanese, we can guess we are talking about
speaking. We can’t really say we ‘use’ (answer 1), or ‘make’ (answer 3), something in Japanese. Or ‘listen’(answer 2), in Japanese. We usually listen to Japanese. So that leaves us with こたえて , which is theて -form of こたえる (kotaeru, to answer). That fits the best in the sentence above.

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Other Answers

つかって – tsukatte, て -form of つかう , tsukau, to use
まいにち

しごとで

あたまを

つかっています。

Mainichi shigoto de atama o tsukatte imasu.
Every day, (I) use (my) head at work.

わたして – watashite, て -form of わたす , watasu, to hand over (something)
そのえんぴつを

わたしてください。

Sono enpitsu o watashite kudasai.
Pass (me) that pencil, please.

つくって – tsukutte, て -form of つくる , tsukuru, to make
わたしは

パンを

つくっています。

Watashi wa pan o tsukutte imasu.
(I) am making bread.

3

そのぎんこうにつとめています。

Sono ginkō ni tsutomete imasu.
(I) work (lit. serve) at that bank.

1 はたらいて2 おいて3 つとめて4 しごとして		 hataraite		 oite		 tsutomete		

shigoto shite

The correct answer is #3– つとめて .

その銀行 (sono ginkō, that bank) is marked with the に particle, so we can’t use はたらいて or しごと
して both of these are used with the で particle to mark where the subject is working. おいて is theて -form of おく (oku, to place), which doesn’t work here either. The best answer is つとめて , which isused with the に particle.
Other Answers

はたらいて – hataraite, て -form of はたらく , hataraku, to work
2 年間

東京で

はたらいています。

Ni-nen-kan Tōkyō de hataraite imasu.
(I) have worked in Tokyo for two years.

おいて – oite, て -form of おく , oku, to put
ここにおいてください。
Koko ni oite kudasai.
Please put (it) here.

しごとして – shigoto shite, て -form of しごとする , shigoto suru, to do a job
今日

わたしは

しごとを

休んでいます。

Kyō watashi wa shigoto o yasunde imasu.
Today, (I) am taking a day off of work.

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4

わたしの

かていでは

よく

さかなを

たべます。

Watashi no katei dewa yoku sakana o tabemasu.
In our household, (we) often eat fish.

1 はし

2 たてもの

3 かてい

4 かぞく

		hashi		tatemono		katei		kazoku
		chopsticks		building		household		family
The correct answer #3– かてい .

The で particle is used to mark where an action is taking place or the method we are using to dosomething with. So a lot of the other answers seem to make sense in this sentence. However, it isungrammatical to mark them with the topic marking particle は .

Other Answers

はし – hashi, chopsticks
わたしは

よく

すしを

はしで

食べます。

Watashi wa yoku sushi o hashi de tabemasu.
I usually eat sushi with chopsticks.

たてもの – tatemono, building
ぎんこうは

このりっぱな

たてものに

あります。

Ginkō wa kono rippa na tatemono ni arimasu.
The bank is in this elegant building.

かぞく – kazoku, family
パリに

かぞくで

行きました。

Pari ni kazoku de ikimashita.
(I) went to Paris with my family.

5

いぬがいちにちじゅう

ないています。

Inu ga ichi-nichi-jū naite imasu.
(My) dog barks all day.

1 れいぞうこ

2 いぬ

3 おんがく4 でんき

		reizōko		inu		ongaku		denki		refrigerator		dog		music		electricity
The correct answer is #2– いぬ .

The verb at the end of this sentence is ないています , which is the て + います form of なく , naku, tomake a sound (animal). So we need to look for something that makes an animal sound. Unless yourrefrigerator is possessed by the devil, いぬ is the best match for that.

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れいぞうこ – reizōko, refrigerator
おちゃは

れいぞうこに入っています。

Ocha wa reizōko ni haitte imasu.
The tea is in the refrigerator.

おんがく – ongaku, music
わたしは

おんがくを

聞きながら

そうじします。

Watashi wa ongaku o kikinagara sōji shimasu.
While I listen to music, I clean.

でんき – denki, electricity; lights
でんきを

つけて

ください。

Denki o tsukete kudasai.
Turn on the lights, please.

6

テレビを

けして

ください。

Terebi o keshite kudasai.
Turn off the TV, please.

1 やすんで

2 おりて

3 けして

4 ねて

		yasunde		orite		keshite		nete
		 take a break		

get off		turn off		lie down

The correct answer is #3– けして .

Since テレビ is marked with を , we know it’s the object of the sentence. So, what can we do with a
TV? やすんで and ねて are intransitive and can’t take an object. おりて can’t be used in this sentence
obviously, so you just have けして , ‘to switch off’.

Other Answers

やすんで – yasunde, て -form of 休む , yasumu, to take a break
今日

わたしは

しごとを

休んでいます。

Kyō watashi wa shigoto o yasunde imasu.
Today, (I) am taking a day off of work.

おりて – orite, て -form of おりる , oriru, to get off; to alight
大阪駅でおりてください。

Ōsaka eki de orite kudasai.
Get off at Osaka station, please.

ねて – nete, て -form of ねる , neru, to sleep; to lie down
ねこは

わたしの

いすで

ねています。

Neko wa watashi no isu de nete imasu.
(My) cat is sleeping on my chair.

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7

いつもいっしゅうかんに

さんさつの

ほんを

よみます。

Itsumo isshū-kan ni san-satsu no hon o yomimasu.
(I) always read three books a week.

1 さんさつ2 さんぼん

3 さんまい4 さんばい		san-satsu		sanbon		san-mai		sanbai
The correct answer is #1– さんさつ .

This is a question about counters. Which counter should we use in this sentence? Should we use 1) さつ,
2) ほん , 3) まい or 4) はい ? Since we are counting books, we should use さつ , which is usually used
to talk about volumes.

Other Answers

さんぼん – sanbon, 3 ( さん , san) long cylindrical objects ( 本 , hon)
わたしは

三本

ペンを

もっています。

Watashi wa sanbon pen o motte imasu.
I have three pens.

さんまい – san-mai, 3 ( さん , san) flat objects ( まい , mai)
電車の

きっぷを

3 まい

もっています。

Densha no kippu o san-mai motte imasu.
(I) have three tickets for the train.

さんばい – sanbai, 3 ( さん , san) cupfuls ( はい , hai)
スプーン

2 はいの

さとうを

入れました。

Supūn ni-hai no satō o iremashita.
(I) put two spoonfuls of sugar in.

8

げつようびにテストがありますが、あまりべんきょう

していないのでこまっています。

Getsuyōbi ni tesuto ga arimasu ga, amari benkyō shite inai node komatte imasu.
There is a test on Monday, but (I) haven’t been studying so much, so (I) am in trouble.

1 ならっています

2 つとめています		 naratte imasu			 tsutomete imasu
		 learning			 serving (for a company)

3 できています4 こまっています		 dekite imasu			komatte imasu

		 to be ready			

to be in trouble

The correct answer is #4– こまっています .

The speaker has a test, but hasn’t been studying that much. That sounds like a tough situation, so
the best fit is こまっています .

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Other Answers

ならっています – naratte imasu, the ています form of ならう , narau, to learn
わたしは

ギターを

ならっています。

Watashi wa gitā o naratte imasu.
I am learning guitar.

つとめています – tsutomete imasu, the ています form of つとめる , tsutomeru, to serve (a company)
わたしは

おかしの

会社に

つとめています。

Watashi wa okashi no kaisha ni tsutomete imasu.
(I) (work for / serve) a sweets company.

できています – dekite imasu, the ています form of できる , dekiru, to be able (to do something)
これはまだできていません。

Kore wa mada dekite imasen.
This isn’t ready yet.

9

きたむらさんは

4 だいの

くるまを

もっていますよ。

Kitamura-san wa yon-dai no kuruma o motte imasu yo.
Ms. Kitamura has 4 cars.

1 ばん

2 だい

3 かい

4 はい

		ban		dai		kai		haiThe correct answer is #2– だい .

This is another question about which counter to use. This time, we are talking about cars. Cars are‘machines’ so we can use the counter for machines – だい .

ばん – ban, night; counter for nights
その一週間のうち、ふたばん、そのホテルにとまります。

Sono isshū-kan no uchi, futaban, sono hoteru ni tomarimasu.
During that week, (I) am staying at that hotel two nights.

かい – kai, counter for times
いっかげつに

さんかい

およぎに

行きます。

Ikkagetsu ni san-kai oyogi ni ikimasu.
(I) go swimming 3 times a month.

はい – hai, counter for cupfuls
スプーン

にはいの

さとうを

Supūn ni-hai no satō o iremashita.
(I) put two spoonfuls of sugar in.

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入れました。

Vocabulary S3 Answers

10

かいぎの

ひを

カレンダーにかいてください。

Kaigi no hi o karendā ni kaite kudasai.
Please write the day of the meeting on the calendar.

1 シール

2 ハンカチ

3 テープ

4 カレンダー		shiiru		hankachi		tēpu		karendā		sticker		handkerchief		tape		 calendar
The correct answer is #4– カレンダー .

The topic of the sentence is a meeting day, かいぎのof the other answers makes much sense.

ひ , which we can write on a calendar. None

シール – shiiru, sticker
このシールをそれにはってください。

Kono shiiru o sore ni hatte kudasai.
Please attach this sticker there.

ハンカチ – hankachi, handkerchief
ハンカチは

ポケットに

あります。

Hankachi wa poketto ni arimasu.
There is a handkerchief in (his) pocket.

テープ – tēpu, tape
ときどき

古いテープを聞きます。

Tokidoki furui tēpu o kikimasu.
Sometimes (I) listen to old tapes.

11

おふろが

ぬるくなりましたよ。あつくしてください。

Ofuro ga nuruku narimashita yo. Atsuku shite kudasai.
The bath has gotten lukewarm. Please warm it up.

1 うすく

2 ほそく

3 あつく

4 ぬるく

		usuku		hosoku		atsuku		nuruku
		thin		thin		hot		lukewarm
The correct answer is #4– ぬるく .

The second sentence asks the listener to warm something up, so it makes sense that the bath has
gotten lukewarm. ほそい is usually used to describe objects with volume, like a person. うすい
can be used to describe a liquid (e.g. thin vs. thick soup), which doesn’t make sense here since thespeaker is talking about warming it up. We can’t use あつい , because the speaker wants it to behotter.

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Other Answers

うすい – usui, thin (for relatively flat objects or liquids)
このコーヒーはちょっとうすいです。

Kono kōhii wa chotto usui desu.
This coffee is a little weak.

ほそい – hosoi, thin (for objects with volume)
そのテーブルのあしは長くてほそいです。

Sono tēburu no ashi wa nagakute hosoi desu.
The table has long slender legs.

あつい – atsui, hot (thing)
あついコーヒーがありますよ。

Atsui kōhii ga arimasu yo.
There is hot coffee.

12

きょうは

さむいので

あつい

うわぎを

きましょう。

Kyō wa samui node atsui uwagi o kimashō.
It’s cold today, so let’s put on a thick jacket.

1 せまい

2 あつい

3 おおい

4 ふとい

		semai		atsui		ōi		futoi
		narrow		 thick		many		fatThe correct answer is #2– あつい .

あつい actually has three meanings – hot (thing), hot (weather) or thick. The three different
meanings use different kanji. 熱い (atsui) means ‘hot (thing)’, 暑い (atsui) means ‘hot (weather)’, 厚
い (atsui) means ‘thick’ or ‘deep’. Unfortunately at the N5 level, you do not have kanji to help you,so keep these meanings in mind when you see the word in hiragana.
We can’t use ふとい to talk about a thicker jacket. It’s not commonly used to describe jackets
actually, but it can be used to describe ‘wide pants’.

ふといズボンfutoi zubon
wide pants

Other Answers

せまい – semai, narrow; confined
わたしの

にわは

ちょっと

せまいです。

Watashi no niwa wa chotto semai desu.
My garden is a little small (lit., narrow).

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おおい – ōi, many
このふゆは

ゆきが

おおいです。

Kono fuyu wa yuki ga ōi desu.
This winter, there is a lot of snow.

ふとい – futoi, fat
もりしたさんは

ふといこえで話しました。

Morishita-san wa futoi koe de hanashimashita.
Mr. Morishita spoke in a deep voice.

13

わたしの

コーヒーは、たなかさんのよりうすいです。

Watashi no kōhii wa, Tanaka-san no yori usui desu.
My coffee is weaker than Mr. Tanaka’s.

1 ほそい

2 せまい

3 うすい

4 ふとい

		hosoi		semai		 usui		futoi
		thin		narrow		 thin		fatThe correct answer is #3– うすい .

To describe something that is relatively flat or is a liquid like coffee, we need to use うすい (usui,thin; weak). ほそい (hosoi) does mean ‘thin’, but it is used for something with more volume like aperson. ふとい (futoi, fat) also can’t be used to describe a liquid like this. It is most often used todescribe something that is voluminous and round like a cable or wire.

Other Answers

ほそい – hosoi, thin (for objects with volume)
そのテーブルのあしは長くてほそいです。

Sono tēburu no ashi wa nagakute hosoi desu.
The table has long slender legs.

せまい – semai, narrow; confined
わたしの

にわは

ちょっと

せまいです。

Watashi no niwa wa chotto semai desu.
My garden is a little small (lit., narrow).

ふとい – futoi, fat
もりしたさんは

ふといこえで話しました。

Morishita-san wa futoi koe de hanashimashita.
Mr. Morishita spoke in a deep voice.

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14

いつ

その

うわぎを

かえしますか。

Itsu sono uwagi o kaeshimasu ka.
When are (you) going to return that jacket?

1 かえします2 みがきます3 かえります4 かぶります		kaeshimasu		migakimasu		kaerimasu		kaburimasu
		 to return		to polish		

to return (home)		

to put on (one’s head)

The correct answer is #1– かえします .

We are asking a question, so we can assume the subject is ‘you’. And the object is a jacket. Whatcan ‘you’ do with a jacket? Well, we can’t polish it and you would get some strange looks if you put
it on your head. So answers 2 and 4 are out. The verb かえります (kaerimasu) is used to talk about aperson returning home, and it’s intransitive so it doesn’t take an object. That leaves us with かえします (kaeshimasu).
Other Answers

みがきます – migakimasu, the polite non-past form of みがく , migaku, to polish; to brush (one’s) teeth
ねる前に

はを

みがいてください。

Neru mae ni ha o migaite kudasai.
Before going to bed, please brush (your) teeth.

かえります – kaerimasu, the polite non-past form of かえる , kaeru, to return (home)
えいがの後かえりました。

Eiga no ato kaerimashita.
(I) went home after the movie.

かぶります – kaburimasu, the polite non-past form of かぶる , kaburu, to put on (one’s head)
石川さんは新しいぼうしをかぶっていました。

Ishikawa-san wa atarashii bōshi o kabutte imashita.
Ms. Ishikawa was wearing a new hat.

15

しがつごろに

このはなは

さきます。

Shi-gatsu goro ni kono hana wa sakimasu.
This flower blooms around April.

1 あきます2 さきます3 さします4 ふります		akimasu		sakimasu		sashimasu		furimasu
		 to open		to bloom		

to open (an umbrella)		

to fall (rain)

The correct answer is #2– さきます .

The subject of the sentence is はな (hana, flower). What can a flower do? You might think it can
open ( あきます , akimasu) like answer 1. But, there is actually a different reading to describe theaction of a flower opening. We use 開く (hiraku, to bloom; to unfold). Note it uses the same kanji,
and can easily get confused with 開く (aku, to open). You use different readings depending on thecontext.

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Vocabulary S3 Answers

So answer 1 is out. And flowers cannot use さします (sashimasu, to open [an umbrella]). This is
usually an action limited to people. ふります (furimasu, to fall) is almost always used with weather
like rain, sleet, or snow. If you want to talk about the flowers ‘falling,’ you should use おちます
(ochimasu, to fall down; to drop). That just leaves さきます (sakimasu, to bloom).

Other Answers

あきます – akimasu, the polite non-past form of 開く , aku, to open
この店は

何時に

開きますか。

Kono mise wa nan-ji ni akimasu ka.
What time does this store open?

さします – sashimasu, the polite non-past form of さす , sasu, to open (an umbrella)
車から

出てから

かさを

さします。

Kuruma kara dete kara kasa o sashimasu.
Once (I) got out of the car, (I) opened (my) umbrella.

ふります – furimasu, the polite non-past form of ふる , furu, to fall (rain)
きのう

雨がふっていました。

Kinō ame ga futte imashita.
Yesterday (it) rained.

16

たなかさんはエレベーターをおりました。

Tanaka-san wa erebētā o orimashita.
Mr. Tanaka got off the elevator.

1 スリッパ2  プール3 エレベーター

4 トイレ

		surippa		 pūru		 erebētā		 toire		 slippers		

(swimming) pool		

elevator		

restroom

The correct answer 3– エレベーター .

First, take a look at the verb of the sentence – おります (orimasu, to get off). What can we get off
of? We can get off trains and buses. But we can’t get off スリッパ (surippa, slippers). We get out ofa pool, not get off of one and unless the restroom ( トイレ , toire) is on stilts, we can’t use answer 4.
That leaves use with エレベーター .

Other Answers

スリッパ – surippa, slipper
いえでは

スリッパを

はいてください。

Ie dewa surippa o haite kudasai.
In the house, wear slippers, please.

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プール – pūru, pool
わたしは

にわに

プールを

つくりたいです。

Watashi wa niwa ni pūru o tsukuritai desu.
I want to make a pool in my yard.

トイレ – toire, restroom
トイレをかしてください。

Toire o kashite kudasai.
Can I use your bathroom? (lit., Lend me your bathroom, please.)

17

くつやは

みちの

むこうに

あります。

Kutsuya wa michi no mukō ni arimasu.
The shoe store is on the other side of the street.

1 うしろ

2 むこう

3 まえ

4 がわ

		ushiro		mukō		 mae		 gawa		 behind		 across the ~		in front of		side

The correct answer is #2– むこう .

There will most likely be one question in the Contextually-defined Expressions part of the
Vocabulary section that involves location words and an illustration. Knowing your location words
well can really pay off. Here we are talking about the shoe store ( くつや , kutsuya) in relation to thestreet ( みち , michi). We typically use うしろ and まえ for objects that partially cover or obstructanother. And, it is too confusing to use がわ .
The best answer is むこう (mukō, across the ~; on the opposite side of ~). Keep in mind that we use
this word with the object being crossed, not the object across from or facing a location we want todescribe.

O わたしの

いえは

川の

むこうに

		

Watashi no ie wa kawa no mukō ni arimasu.

		My house is on the opposite side of the river.

Other Answers

うしろ – ushiro, behind
わたしの

後ろに

立たないでください。

Watashi no ushiro ni tatanaide kudasai.
Don’t stand behind me.

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あります。

Vocabulary S3 Answers

まえ – mae, in front of
いえの

前に

高い木が

あります。

Ie no mae ni takai ki ga arimasu.
There is a tall tree in front of (my) house.

がわ – gawa, side
やおやは

みぎがわに

あります。

Yaoya wa migigawa ni arimasu.
The greengrocer is on the right side.

18

もりしたさんは

たなかさんとにしむらさんの

あいだに

います。

Morishita-san wa Tanaka-san to Nishimura-san no aida ni imasu.
Ms. Morishita is between Ms. Tanaka and Mr. Nishimura.

1 まえ

2 ところ

3 あいだ

4 ひだり

		mae		tokoro		aida		hidari
		 In front of		place		

between		left

The correct answer is #3– あいだ .

This is a simple matter of knowing what location word to use. The sentence uses the と particle toconnect Ms. Tanaka and Mr. Nishimura. What location word can we use with the と particle? Well,
the word あいだ usually needs two objects to be between and uses the と particle to mark those
items. None of the other answers can be used in this situation because of the と particle.

Other Answers

まえ – mae, in front of
いえの

前に

高い木が

あります。

Ie no mae ni takai ki ga arimasu.
There is a tall tree in front of (my) house.

ところ – tokoro, place
このへやにはねるところがありません。

Kono heya niwa neru tokoro ga arimasen.
There is no place to sleep in this room.

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Vocabulary S3 Answers

ひだり – hidari, left
左へ

まがって

ください。

Hidari e magatte kudasai.
Turn left, please.

19にしむらさんはかいだんをのぼっています。

Nishimura-san wa kaidan o nobotte imasu.
Ms. Nishimura is climbing the stairs.

1 げんかん2 だいどころ

3 かいだん4 ろうか		genkan		daidokoro		kaidan		rōka
		entryway		kitchen		stairs		hallway
The correct answer is #3– かいだん .

This question is essentially checking your vocabulary knowledge with a picture. It’s common to seeat least one of these on the test in this section. Obviously what you see in the picture is a staircase,which is かいだん in Japanese.

Other Answers

げんかん – genkan, entryway
げんかんの

そうじを

しました。

Genkan no sōji o shimashita.
(I) cleaned the entryway.

だいどころ – daidokoro, kitchen
わたしの

いえは

だいどころがちょっと小さいです。

Watashi no ie wa daidokoro ga chotto chiisai desu.
My house’s kitchen is a little small.

ろうか – rōka, hallway
あぶないですから、ろうかをはしらないでください。

Abunai desu kara, rōka o hashiranaide kudasai.
It’s dangerous, so don’t run down the hallway.

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Vocabulary S3 Answers

20

そのほんは

いしかわさんの

つくえの

うえに

あります。

Sono hon wa Ishikawa-san no tsukue no ue ni arimasu.
The book is on Ms. Ishikawa’s desk.

1 つくえ

2 テーブル3 いす4 ほんだな		tsukue		tēburu		isu		hondana
		desk		table		chair		bookshelf
The correct answer is #1– つくえ .

This question is basically asking if you can identify the object in the picture. It’s likely that you will
see at least one of these on the test. You can see a desk in the picture, so the answer is つくえ .

Other Answers

テーブル , tēburu, table
そのテーブルのあしは長くてほそいです。

Sono tēburu no ashi wa nagakute hosoi desu.
The table has long slender legs.

いす , isu, chair
いすを

よっつ

ならべてください。

Isu o yottsu narabete kudasai.
Please set out four chairs.

ほんだな , hondana, bookshelf
ほんだなに

じしょが

あります。

Hondana ni jisho ga arimasu.
There is a dictionary in the bookshelf.

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