CBR – A Matrix of Change
Community-Based Inclusive Development

INCLUSION
Ms Albina Shankar
Director
Mobility India

The prevalence of disability is growing• Ageing: 2 billion people 60
years and older by 2050

• Chronic health conditions:diabetes, cancer, heartdisease, obesity, etc.
• Injuries: road trafficcrashes, violence, burns,falls, etc.

MOBILITY INDIAESTABLISHED 1994, Bangalore

To bring a change to make rehabilitation services
Available for majority of people who are poor
And live in rural areas and urban slums…

VISION

An inclusive and empowered community where people
with disabilities, their families and other disadvantaged
groups have equal rights to education, health livelihood
and a good quality of life

PRIORITY

To work for people with disabilities, the poor,
particularly children, women and older people.

FOCUSDisability Inclusive Development

MAJOR ACTIVITIES Provision of Rehabilitation Services
 Training in Disability, Rehabilitation and Development
 Community Based Inclusive Development – Urban, Periurban and Rural Areas Development and Promotion of appropriate technology
 Capacity Building of grass root organisations
 Regional Resource Centre, Kolkata

CYCLE OF POVERTY &DISABILITY IN INDIA

Poverty

Disability

ACCESS TO ADEQUATE SERVICES/BASIC NEEDS IS WEAK

People with disabilities
face barriers to AccessBasic Needs• Limited access to Rehabilitation
services and Medical Care
• Less Opportunities toEducation• Livelihood activities are very scarce, especially for WWDs
• Lack of awareness, cultural and social barriers• Physical accessibility• Poor access to their entitlements• Reduced Opportunities to Social Inclusion/ Participations• Less priority by community or local governanceBarriers in accessing contribute to:• Poorer health outcomes• Lower educational
achievements• Less economic
participation• Higher rates of poverty• Increased dependency andrestricted participation

Livelihood

EducationSocial

HealthA tool for realizing the r i g h t s and d e v e l o p m e n twhich facilitate better quality of life for people withdisabilities, their families and the community

Poverty is the worst form ofviolence” Mahatma Gandhi

Addressing
Povertythrough
Disability
InclusiveDevelopment

MI CBR ProgramsCBR

Urban slums Bangalore1999
Population 294956
PWD 969
RuralChamrajnagar, Karnataka
2007
Population 287924
PWD 3997

Peri-Urban
Attibele Taluk of Bangalore
District-2008
Jigani – 2013
Population 146092
PWD 1479

MI Strategies
Ensuring PARTICIPATION and INCLUSION of various
stakeholders from day one Facilitate Inclusive
Development for people with disabilities
Companies
PWDs & families(self advocacy))

Hospitals

CBID
NGOs/Instit
utionsCommunity
Government

Our Approaches(Development and Human Rights)• Provision of rehabilitation services• Core issue was poverty• Set up self help groups- IGPMedical and Charity
Model

Social Model +Rights Based• PWDs not realized theirfull potential• Poor community
ownership• PWDs realized their fullpotential and increased
participation• Increased communityownership

Recruiting CBR personnel and engaging volunteers
from local communities (mainly pwds)

APPROACH
Identified and influenced the key leaders in the official
positions of power

APPROACH
Consultation meetings held with various stakeholders
Awareness and Sensitisation Programmes

Provided the technical supports for theactivities of the other stakeholders

Activities initiated to benefit the larger Community

APPROACH
Included other marginalized members of the community inall activities

APPROACH
Encouraged PWDs and their family members to participate
in addressing the community issues

RESULTS
Identifying people with disabilities, theirproblems and finding solutions for the same.

RESULTS
Personswith
disabilities
have
equal
opportunity
participate
Local
leaders
participating
inSocial
addressing
theofsociety
PWDs
PWDs
areLocalbeen
governancerecognizedasequal
memberrightsofissues
PWDs
oftothePWDs
Increased
areChildrenaccessingopportunity
Increased
have
skill
opportunity
indevelopment,inrespecting
sportsandacceptancetoraiserecreational
self
their
employment
voice
activities
andVisibility
Increasedinvarious
forums toinexpress
their opinions.
wage
employment
equal basiswith others

HEALTH AND HYGIENE -Santitation
Far more people haveaccess to a Mobile than aToilet
so many people "cannot
afford the basic necessityand dignity of a toilet,"more so for a person withdisability

Education of children with disabilities• 98% of children with disabilities in developing
countries do not attend school, and that 99% ofgirls with disabilities are illiterate• Lack of water and sanitation facilities that areaccessible for children with disabilities.
•PROMOTION ..

Community Supplementary Education centre• Initiated community
supplementary education centre
for Children with disabilities andNon-disabled children• Community contribution –Place,electricity, resource fordeveloping teaching materials• Community volunteers• Investing in teacher training
for disability-iclusive
education
increased in the community ownership

Children’s Inclusive Groups/Parliament to develop responsibilityand leadership• Children are the greatresources and the bestchange agents for any socialreforms• Children’s parliaments areorganised at a local village
level in the CECs , wherechildren with and without
disabilities meet and discuss
issues relevant to them andtheir village

Inclusive parliament- (CWDs& non disabled children,gender equality)children’s parliaments• Children are elected as ministers (in areas such as education,
health etc) and develop an action plan to address issues thatare raised by the group.
• Health, hygiene, safety promoted• Toilets and water in school (door)• Improved quality of Mid-Day meal• no street lights in their village• child with severe disability notattending school• data collection for Census 2011
• Children's voices are been
• heard in their families, schools• and communities, especially• CWDsResults• Girls’ participation (CWDs and Non-CWDs) shows an increase.
The increase indicates a perspective change in the society. Itshows that the society is improving towards MDG 3: Promote
gender equality and empowering women.
• Ensuring enrolment of children with disabilities in themainstream education programme, retention and reenrolment of school drop-outs by lobbying through local
governance and with SHGs has created awareness on
education encircling a wider platform. MDG 2: Achieve
universal primary education• The participation of CWDs has helped to promote Social
Inclusion. The step to pressurise the concerned authority tohave accessible infrastructure encourage CWDs to attend
school without hesitation (CRPD Art.24, 29, 30)

INCLUSION•Inclusive children’s parliament is an ideal initiative
to change the scenario of traditional beliefs andnorms towards a more constructive and inclusivesociety.
•Positive impact when the children are encouraged
and supported from the initial period to bring abouta change in their community•Values cultivated in the childhood makes themmore resilient individuals later in life.
•It is very important that they know their rights andresponsibilities and contribute for the developmentof their own community.

Promoted Inclusive Self Help Groups
Inclusive growth and sustainable
development

REDUCE POVERTYenhance work and employment
prospects•Having a decent job and the necessary education•Training and support•Disabled friendly enabling environment/workplace

Community has adopted positive attitudes
towards people with disabilities and theirfamilies. Full and active participation, inclusionand decision making

Ensuring the availability andaccess of assistive devices
and support services• Capacity building in thecommunity for community
members, government andother health personnel,• Access to Rehabilitation
and Therapy Services atCommunity• Physical Rehabilitation
WorkshopSelf confidence and self esteem have increased . Equality
between men and women. Girls and women with disabilities
are active participants in mainstream development

Enables to participate
and live independentlyin their community

To live with dignity,
independently in an
Inclusive Society

CHAITANYADISABLED PEOPLE’s ORGANIZATIONJANAPRIYA ANGAVIKALAR
CO-OPERATIVE SOCIETY

Building the skills oflocal volunteer

Look beyond disability - Mainstreaming
disability – Inclusion of Disability issues inall mainstream development initiatives

Look beyond disability - Disability Specificprogrammes . Support disability specific programmes
to empower and enhancement of quality of life people withdisabilities and their families;
participation and ownershipLook beyond disability – Reverse
mainstreaming
Disability specific programmes to include other disadvantaged
group and community at large – this will ensure community
participation and ownership

Inclusion ensures development
and human Rights FOR ALL

Respect for difference
and acceptance ofpersons with disabilities
as part of humandiversity and humanity

inclusion made easy
• Social exclusion and lack of access to basic services
disable a person more than his/her impairment.
• Community participation is important for the success of
CBR programme.
• Community mobilization strategy should be theessential elements in CBR programme.
• Engaging community members and empowering themwill ensure in removing the barriers which exist incommunity and play an active role in the inclusion ofpeople with disabilities and their families in community
activities with a multi-sectoral approach that covers all
aspects of life, including attitudes change in thecommunities

LEAVE NO ONE BEHIND, INCLUDING
THOSE WITH DISABILITIESCommunity-Based Rehabilitation

Thank you

19 years of existence in the Disability
Development and Rehabilitation sector …