Testing Methods
OEKO‑TEX® STANDARD 100 &ORGANIC COTTON
Edition 03.2024
OEKO-TEX®
International Association for Research and Testing in
the Field of Textile and Leather Ecology.
国际环保纺织和皮革协会

OEKO-TEX Service GmbH
Genferstrasse 23, CH-8002 Zurich+41 44 501 26 00
www.oeko-tex.com

Testing Methods: OEKO‑TEX® STANDARD 100 &ORGANIC COTTON

Testing procedures for authorization to use the
OEKO-TEX® STANDARD 100 mark授权使用 OEKO-TEX® STANDARD 100 标识的测试
程序Content

目录

1
2
3
3.1
3.2
3.3
4
4.1
4.2
5

1
2
3
3.1
3.2
3.3
4
4.1
4.2
5

pH 值
甲醛
重金属
可萃取重金属
重金属总含量六价铬的检测
杀虫剂
极性和非极性杀虫剂
草甘膦和盐类
氯化苯酚和邻苯基苯酚 (OPP)

6
6.1
7
8

邻苯二甲酸酯
硅氧烷
有机锡化合物短链和中链氯化石蜡（SCCP 和 MCCP)

9
10
11
11.1
11.2

全氟和多氟烷基物质（PFAS）
富马酸二甲酯（DMFu）
着色剂
偶氮染料、芳香胺和苯胺
致敏、致癌和其他禁用着色剂

12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19

氯化苯和氯化甲苯多环芳香烃（PAH）
溶剂残留
紫外线稳定剂
禁用阻燃剂
挥发性有机化合物（VOC）、乙二醇、甲酚和氯化溶剂喹啉亚硝胺和亚硝基物质

20
21
22
22.1
22.2
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
30.1
30.2
31

烷基酚、烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚偶氮二甲酰胺（ADCA）
转基因生物（GMO）
定性分析
定量分析
挥发性化学品的排放苯酚双酚总氟N-（羟甲基）丙烯酰胺
三聚氰胺
色牢度
气味
其他物品的气味测试
服装和配饰气味测试石棉纤维

pH value
Formaldehyde
Heavy metals
Extractable heavy metals
Heavy metal total content
Test for chromium(VI)
Pesticides
Polar and apolar pesticide
Glyphosate and salts
Chlorinated phenols and ortho-phenylphenol(OPP)
6
Phthalates
6.1
Siloxanes
7
Organic tin compounds
8
Short and medium chained chlorinatedparaffins (SCCP and MCCP)
9Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS)
10
Dimethylfumarate (DMFu)
11
Colourants
11.1 Azo dyes, arylamines and aniline
11.2 Allergenic, carcinogenic and other banned
colourants
12
Chlorinated benzenes and toluenes
13
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH)
14
Solvent residues
15
UV stabilisers
16
Banned flame retardants
17
Volatile organic compounds (VOC), glycols,cresols and chlorinated solvents
18
Quinoline
19
N-nitrosamines and N-nitrosatable
substances
20
Alkylphenols, Alkylphenol ethoxylates
21
Azodicarbonamide (ADCA)
22
Genetically modified organisms (GMO)
22.1 Qualitative analysis
22.2 Quantitative analysis
23
Emission of volatile chemicals
24
Phenol25
Bisphenols
26
Total fluorine
27
N-(Hydroxymethyl)acrylamide
28
Melamine
29
Colour fastness
30
Odour
30.1 Odour test on other articles
30.2 Odour test on clothing and accessories
31
Asbestos fibres

01.04.2024

Edition 03.2024

2 | 10Testing Methods: OEKO‑TEX® STANDARD 100 &ORGANIC COTTON

General remarks

总论

In case an article, which shall be certified according
to OEKO-TEX® STANDARD 100, also contains
leather and skins (with or without hair) or chemicals(e.g. gel pouches), these materials are tested according to the conditions and criteria of OEKOTEX® LEATHER STANDARD or OEKO-TEX® ECO
PASSPORT, respectively, and the methods used
there (please refer to the corresponding documents).

若应通过 OEKO-TEX® STANDARD 100 认证的物品
中还含有皮革和皮毛（带毛或不带毛）或化学品（ 如 凝 胶 袋 ） ， 则 应 分 别 根 据 OEKO-TEX®
LEATHER STANDARD 或 OEKO-TEX® ECO
PASSPORT 的条件和标准以及使用的方法对这些材
料进行测试（请参阅相应的文件）。

Abbreviations

缩写• AAS - atom absorption spectrometer• AAS - 原子吸收光谱仪• CI - chemical ionisation• CI - 化学电离

• DAD - diode array detector• DAD - 二极管阵列检测器• EI - electron impact• 电子轰击离子源• FLD - fluorescence detector• FLD - 荧光检测器• IC - ion chromatography• IC - 离子色谱法• ICP - inductively coupled plasma• ICP - 电感耦合等离子体• GC - gas chromatography• GC - 气相色谱法• LC - liquid chromatography• LC - 液相色谱法

• MS - mass spectrometry• MS - 质谱分析法• OES - optical emission spectroscopy• OES - 发射光谱

• PCR - polymerase chain reaction• PCR - 聚合酶链反应• UV/VIS - ultraviolet-visible• UV/VIS - 紫外-可见分光光度法

1

pH 值

pH value

The pH value is determined according to ISO 3071
(KCl solution).

按照 ISO 3071（KCl 溶液）测定 pH 值。

2甲醛

Formaldehyde

For the determination of free or releasable formaldehyde, sample preparation is performed according to Japanese Law 112 / JIS L 1041 - 2011 (using
acetylacetone, method B). Analysis is performed
either by using UV/VIS spectroscopy or LC-FLD.

在测定游离或可释放甲醛时，根据日本法律 112 / JIS
L 1041 - 2011（使用乙酰丙酮，方法 B）进行样品制备。使用 UV/VIS 或 LC-FLD 进行分析。

3

Heavy metals

重金属

3.1

Extractable heavy metals

可萃取重金属The heavy metals are extracted by use of artificial
acidic sweat solution according to DIN EN 16711-2.
The extract is analysed by means of ICP-OES, ICPMS or AAS. Metallic accessories having a surface
finish or coating are additionally subjected to a further test for extractable nickel after a pretreatment (wear and corrosion according to EN
12472:2020, used for its abrasion medium).

01.04.2024

根据 DIN EN 16711-2 标准，使用人工酸性汗液提取
重金属。提取物通过 ICP-OES、ICP-MS 或 AAS 进
行分析。有表面处理或涂层的金属配件在经过预处理（根据 EN 12472:2020，磨损和腐蚀用于其磨损介质）后，还要进行可萃取镍的进一步检测。

Edition 03.2024

3 | 10Testing Methods: OEKO‑TEX® STANDARD 100 &ORGANIC COTTON

3.2

重金属总含量Heavy metal total content

The samples are chemically digested using acids toobtain a clear extract containing heavy metals,
which is afterwards analysed by means of ICPOES, ICP-MS or AAS.

样品经酸化学消解后得到含有重金属的透明提取物，然后通过 ICP-OES、ICP-MS 或 AAS 进行分
析。

Different components of the sample, which can bedifferentiated macroscopically (base material,
paints, etc.), are separately digested and analysed.
The method is therefore suitable to check the samples for total lead content in reference to the requirement of the American legislation for children’s
articles (CPSIA, Consumer Product Safety Improvement Act).

可以宏观区分的样品不同组分（基材、油漆等），
分开进行消解和分析。因此该方法适合用于按照美
国儿童用品立法（CPSIA 消费品安全促进法）的要
求检查总铅含量。

3.3

六价铬的检测

Test for chromium(VI)

Chromium is extracted by use of artificial acidic
sweat solution according to DIN EN 16711-2. The
content of chromium (VI) in the extract is determined with selective and sensitive methods. The
detection can be carried by means of UV/VIS spectroscopy, AAS, ICP, IC or polarography.

根据 DIN EN 16711-2 标准，使用人工酸性汗液提取铬。提取物中的铬 (VI) 含量可通过选择性灵敏方法进行测定。检测方法包括 UV/VIS、AAS、ICP 、IC
或极谱法。

4

Pesticides

杀虫剂

4.1

Polar and apolar pesticide极性和非极性杀虫剂

Polar and apolar pesticides are extracted by ASE(or Soxhlet) using methanol or acetone. Afterclean-up, extracts are analysed for pesticides with
GC-MS and LC-MS.

极性和非极性农药通过 ASE（或索氏提取器）用甲醇或丙酮提取。净化后的提取物用 GC-MS 和 LCMS 进行农药分析。

4.2

草甘膦和盐类

Glyphosate and salts

Glyphosate and its salts are extracted from samples by aqueous extraction, followed by derivatisation or without derivatisation. Extracts are then analyzed by LC-MS.

草甘膦及其盐类通过水萃取从样品中提取出来，然后进行衍生处理或不进行衍生处理。然后用 LC-MS
对提取物进行分析。

5氯化苯酚和邻苯基苯酚 (OPP)

Chlorinated phenols andortho-phenylphenol (OPP)

The samples are extracted with a basic aqueous
solution following DIN EN 17134-2. The extracted
free phenols and possibly hydrolysed phenolesters
are acetylated, transferred to an organic phaseand analysed with GC-MS.

样品按照 DIN EN 17134-2 用碱性水溶液提取。提取的游离酚和可能的水解酚酯被乙酰化，转移到有机
相中并用 GC-MS 分析。

6

邻苯二甲酸酯

Phthalates

The test is performed by extraction of the testingmaterial with tetrahydrofuran, followed by precipitation of the polymers with (cyclo)hexane. The extract is analysed by GC-MS.

01.04.2024

测试方法是用四氢呋喃萃取测试材料，然后用（环）己烷沉淀聚合物。提取物通过 GC-MS 进行分
析。

Edition 03.2024

4 | 10Testing Methods: OEKO‑TEX® STANDARD 100 &ORGANIC COTTON

6.1

硅氧烷

Siloxanes

The test is performed by extraction of the testingmaterial with tetrahydrofuran, followed by precipitation of the polymers with (cyclo)hexane. The extract is analysed by GC-MS.

测试方法是用四氢呋喃萃取测试材料，然后用（环）己烷沉淀聚合物。提取物通过 GC-MS 进行分
析。

7有机锡化合物

Organic tin compounds

The method is based on an extraction of the testingmaterial with an ethanol/acetic acid solution andtropolone followed by derivatisation with sodium
tetraethylborate. The extract is then analysed by
GC-MS.

8

该方法基于用乙醇/乙酸溶液和托普隆提取测试材
料，然后用四乙基硼酸钠衍生化。然后通过 GC-MS
分析提取物。

短链和中链氯化石蜡（SCCP 和 MCCP)
Short and medium chained
chlorinated paraffins (SCCP
and MCCP)

The method for the determination of the short andmedium chained chlorinated paraffins is based on
an extraction of the testing material with a mix ofdichloromethane/(cyclo)hexane, followed by aclean-up and subsequent analysis with GC-MS. Fora total analysis (sum of short, medium and long
chained chlorinated paraffins) the instrument is operated in the EI mode. CI mode is used for the identification and quantification of SCCP and MCCP
congeners present in the sample.

测定短链和中链氯化石蜡的方法是用二氯甲烷/（环）己烷混合液对测试材料进行萃取，然后进行净化，再用 GC-MS 进行分析。对于总分析（短链、中链和长链氯化石蜡的总和），仪器在 EI 模式下运行。CI 模式用于鉴定和量化样品中的短链氯化石蜡
和中链氯化石蜡同系物。

9全氟和多氟烷基物质（PFAS）

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl
substances (PFAS)

The method for the determination of PFAS is basedon an extraction with methanol followed by determination of the PFAS by means of LC-MS and GCMS.

测定全氟烷基类物质的方法是先用甲醇萃取，然后
用 LC-MS 和 GC-MS 测定。

10富马酸二甲酯（DMFu）

Dimethylfumarate (DMFu)

The method is based on an extraction of the samples with acetone. After preconcentration the extracts are analysed with GC-MS.

该方法以丙酮提取样品为基础。提取物经过预浓缩后，用 GC-MS 进行分析。

11

Colourants

着色剂

11.1

Azo dyes, arylamines and aniline

偶氮染料、芳香胺和苯胺

The tests for azo dyes, which may be cleaved intoarylamines with cancerogenic properties, are carried out following the official test methods according to ISO 14362-1 and 14362-3, i.e. treating samples with the reductant sodium dithionite and analysing the extracts with two chromatography methods, preferably LC-DAD and GC-MS. The test for01.04.2024

偶氮染料可裂解成致癌性芳香胺，其检测按照 ISO
14362-1 和 14362-3 的官方检测方法进行，即用还原剂亚硫酸钠处理样品，并用两种色谱法（最好是LC-DAD 和 GC-MS）分析提取物。芳香胺苯胺（可从着色剂中分解，也可作为化学残留物以游离方式存在）的检测与偶氮染料的分析一起进行。

Edition 03.2024

5 | 10Testing Methods: OEKO‑TEX® STANDARD 100 &ORGANIC COTTON

the aromatic amine aniline (cleavable from colorants as well as for the presence as chemical residue in free manner) is carried out together with theanalyses of azo dyes.

11.2

Allergenic, carcinogenic andother banned colourants

致敏、致癌和其他禁用着色剂

The identification and quantification of dyestuff
with allergenic or carcinogenic potential, otherbanned dyestuff and pigments and Michler's ketone and base is achieved through a hot acetone
extraction followed by detection with LC-DAD or
LC-MS.

通过热丙酮萃取，然后使用 LC-DAD 或 LC-MS 进行检测，可对具有过敏性或致癌性的染料、其他禁用
染料和颜料以及 Michler 酮和碱进行鉴定和定量。

12氯化苯和氯化甲苯

Chlorinated benzenes andtoluenes

The method is based on an ultrasonic bath extraction of the testing materials with dichloromethane.
The extracts are analysed by means of GC-MS.

该方法基于用二氯甲烷对测试材料进行超声波浴化提取。通过 GC-MS 分析提取物。

13多环芳香烃（PAH）

Polycyclic aromatichydrocarbons (PAH)

The method is based on an extraction of the test
samples with toluene. The extracts are analysedwith GC-MS.

该方法以甲苯萃取测试样品为基础。提取物用 GCMS 进行分析。

14

溶剂残留

Solvent residues

The method is based on an extraction of the test
samples with methanol. The extracts are analysedwith GC-MS.

该方法以甲醇萃取测试样品为基础。提取物用 GCMS 进行分析。

15

紫外线稳定剂

UV stabilisers

The method is based on extraction of samples withtetrahydrofuran (THF) or with a dichloromethane(cyclo)hexane mixture. The extracts are then analysed with LC-DAD, LC-MS or GC-MS.

该方法采用四氢呋喃（THF）或二氯甲烷-（环）己烷混合物提取样品。然后用 LC-DAD、LC-MS 或
GC-MS 对提取物进行分析。

16

禁用阻燃剂

Banned flame retardants

The determination of the banned flame retardants
is performed by extraction of the test material withacetone or toluene. The extract is then analysed by
LC-MS and GC-MS.

01.04.2024

检测禁用阻燃剂的方法是用丙酮或甲苯萃取测试材料。然后用 LC-MS 和 GC-MS 对提取物进行分析。

Edition 03.2024

6 | 10Testing Methods: OEKO‑TEX® STANDARD 100 &ORGANIC COTTON

17Volatile organic compounds(VOC), glycols, cresols andchlorinated solvents

挥发性有机化合物（VOC）、乙二
醇、甲酚和氯化溶剂The sample to be analysed for volatile organic
compounds, glycols, cresols and chlorinated solvents is baked out by thermodesorption technique.
The released substances are enriched on suitabletrapping material and afterwards analysed by GCMS.

通过热解吸附技术烘焙出要分析挥发性有机化合物、二醇、甲酚和氯化溶剂的样品。释放的物质在
合适的捕获材料上富集，然后通过 GC-MS 进行分
析。

18

喹啉

Quinoline

The extraction of the samples is achieved by hot
extraction with acetone. The measurement of theof the extracted quinoline is performed in by LCMS or GC-MS.

样品通过丙酮热萃取法提取。提取的喹啉通过 LCMS 或 GC-MS 进行测量。

19亚硝胺和亚硝基物质

N-nitrosamines and Nnitrosatable substances

The N-nitrosamines and N-nitrosatable substances
migrate into a saliva test solution. The N-nitrosatable substances react to N-nitrosamines by acidification. The analysis of the freely available as wellas produced N-nitrosamines is done by LC-MS.

N-亚硝胺和 N-亚硝基物质会迁移到唾液测试溶液中。N-亚硝基物质通过酸化反应生成 N-亚硝胺。通过 LC-MS 检测游离态和反应生成的 N-亚硝胺。

20

烷基酚、烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚

Alkylphenols, Alkylphenol
ethoxylates

The method is based on extraction of the test samples with methanol in an ultrasonic bath. The extracts are then analysed with LC-MS and/or GCMS.

该方法是在超声波浴中用甲醇萃取测试样品。然后
用 LC-MS 和/或 GC-MS 对提取物进行分析。

21偶氮二甲酰胺（ADCA）

Azodicarbonamide (ADCA)

The sample is extracted with DMSO. After extraction the sample is analysed by LC-DAD.

样品使用乙酸乙酯/DMSO 提取，然后使用 LC-DAD
分析样品

22

Genetically modified
organisms (GMO)

转基因生物（GMO）

22.1

Qualitative analysis

定性分析

The detection of genetic modification is carried out
according to the International Workshop Agreement IWA 32:2019, in which DNA is isolated fromchemically untreated cotton and analysed for various markers that indicate genetic modification of
the cotton. The test allows to screen for all currently known genetically modified cotton events and isdesigned to optimize the probability of also detecting unknown genetically modified cotton events.

01.04.2024转基因检测是根据 IWA 32:2019 国际研讨会协议（ International Workshop Agreement IWA
32:2019）进行的，即从未经化学处理的棉花中分离DNA，并对表明棉花转基因的各种标记进行分析。
该检测可筛查目前已知的所有转基因棉花事件，其目的是最大限度地提高检测未知转基因棉花事件的概率。

Edition 03.2024

7 | 10Testing Methods: OEKO‑TEX® STANDARD 100 &ORGANIC COTTON

22.2

定量分析

Quantitative analysis

The procedure is carried out following the qualitative analysis. The isolated DNA is further analysedby quantitative real-time PCR and in the first step
the fundamental cotton lines are determined.
These lines are quantified in the second step byquantitative real-time PCR. The quantification is
performed in relation to the taxonomic target gene
control (SAH7).

该过程是在定性分析之后进行的。分离出的 DNA 将
通过实时定量 PCR 进行进一步分析，第一步是确定
棉花的基本品系。第二步通过实时定量 PCR 对这些
品系进行量化。定量与分类目标基因对照（SAH7）
有关。

23挥发性化学品的排放Emission of volatile
chemicals

For the determination of emitted volatile chemicals, the methods are based on ISO 16000-3 (formaldehyde) and ISO 16000-6 (VOCs), using an emission chamber according to ISO 16000-9. Formaldehyde is adsorbed on DNPH cartridges, eluted
with acetonitrile and analysed using LC-DAD or
LC-FLD. For VOCs, different adsorbents are used
and analysis is performed by thermal desorption
and GC-MS.

对 于 挥 发 性 化 学 物 质 的 检 测 ， 其 方 法 基 于 ISO
16000-3（甲醛）和 ISO 16000-6（挥发性有机化合物），使用符合 ISO 16000-9 标准的排放室。甲醛
吸附在 DNPH 试剂盒上，用乙腈洗脱，然后使用
LC-DAD 或 LC-FLD 进行分析。对于挥发性有机化合物，则使用不同的吸附剂，并通过热解吸附和
GC-MS 进行分析。

24

苯酚PhenolThe determination of phenol is performed by extraction of the test material with methanol in an ultrasonic bath. The extract is analysed then by LCFLD.

苯酚的测定方法是在超声波浴中用甲醇萃取测试材料。然后用 LC-FLD 对提取物进行分析。

25

双酚Bisphenols

The determination of bisphenols is performed byextraiction of the test material with THF in an ultrasonic bath followed by a polymer precipitation withmethanol or (cyclo)hexane. The extract is then analysed by LC-MS.

该方法以甲苯萃取测试样品为基础。提取物用 GCMS 进行分析。

26

总氟Total fluorine

The method is based on direct sample combustion
with oxygen. The resulting HF is collected in an absorber solution and can then be analysed for the
fluorine content using IC.

27

该方法基于样品与氧气的直接燃烧。产生的氢氟酸
被收集到吸收溶液中，然后使用 IC 分析氟含量。

N-（羟甲基）丙烯酰胺N(Hydroxymethyl)acrylamide

The method is based on an extraction of samples
with hot water in an ultrasonic bath. The extract isanalysed by LC-DAD.

01.04.2024

该方法是在超声波浴中用热水提取样品。提取物通过 LC-DAD 进行分析。

Edition 03.2024

8 | 10Testing Methods: OEKO‑TEX® STANDARD 100 &ORGANIC COTTON

28

三聚氰胺

Melamine

The samples are extracted with water in a shaking
bath (acc. to Japanese Law 112 / JIS L 1041 – 2011)
and then analyzed on LC-DAD.

样品在振荡槽中用水提取（根据日本法律 112 / JIS L
1041 - 2011），然后在 LC-DAD 上进行分析。

29

色牢度

Colour fastness

In all colour fastness tests cited below only the fastness grades with respect to staining of the adjacentfabrics are determined.

在下面引用的所有色牢度测试中，只测定贴衬织物
的沾色牢度等级。

The basic methods for performing and evaluating
the test are ISO 105-A01 and ISO 105-A03. Morespecifically, the following tests are performed:

执行和评估测试的基本方法是 ISO 105-A01 和 ISO
105-A03。具体来说，要进行以下测试：• Determination of colour fastness to water according to ISO 105-E01• 按照 ISO 105-E01 进行的耐水色牢度测定• Determination of colour fastness to acidic andalkaline perspiration according to ISO 105-E04• 按照 ISO 105-E04 进行的耐酸性和碱性汗液色牢度测定• Determination of colour fastness to rubbing dry
according to ISO 105-X12• 按照 ISO 105-X12 进行的耐干摩擦色牢度测定• Determination of colour fastness to saliva andperspiration. The test is performed with reference to § 64 LFGB (German law for food, commodities and animal feed), DIN 53160, ISO 105A03 and ISO105-E04• 唾液和汗渍色牢度测定。测试参照 § 64 LFGB
（德国食品、商品和动物饲料法）、DIN 53160、
ISO 105-A03 和 ISO105-E04 进行。

30

气味

Odour

A sample of defined area is conditioned in a desiccator of set humidity and the odour formed is evaluated sensorially by a set of test persons.

在设定湿度的干燥器中对确定区域的样本进行调节，并由一组测试人员对形成的气味进行感官评
估。

30.1

其他物品的气味测试

Odour test on other articles

All articles are subjected to a preliminary odour
test, which, if failed, stops the certification procedure. The odour from mould, high boiling fractionsof petrol (from colour printing), fish (from permanent finishing) or aromatic hydrocarbons will leadto a test failure. Moreover, odorants (perfumes)
used for removing or covering the smell of a textile
material originating from its production (oil, fats,
dyestuffs) must not be detected during sensory
odour testing.

所有物品都要进行初步气味测试，如果不合格，则
停止认证程序。霉菌、高沸点汽油（来自彩色印
花）、鱼腥味（来自永久整理）或芳香烃的气味会
导致测试失败。此外，在感官气味测试中，不得检测到用于去除或掩盖纺织品生产过程中产生的气味（油、脂肪、染料）的气味剂（香水）。

30.2

服装和配饰气味测试

Odour test on clothing andaccessories

After being fitted, textile floor coverings may emit
a perceptible odour. This is an inherent initial odour
typical of the products and normally vanishes aftersome weeks.

纺织楼板面层在安装后可能会散发出明显的气味。
这是产品固有的典型初始气味，通常会在几周后消失。

The odour test is performed with reference to SNR
195 651. The test specimen is tested for the development of odour in a closed system, considering
time, temperature and humidity.

按照 SNV 195 651 进行气味测试。在交付时状态和储
存之后两种情况下，注意时间、温度和湿度，在密
封系统中测试试样的气味产生情况。

01.04.2024

Edition 03.2024

9 | 10Testing Methods: OEKO‑TEX® STANDARD 100 &ORGANIC COTTON

31

石棉纤维

Asbestos fibres

The identification of asbestos fibres is performed
using a polarizing microscope using at least a 250fold magnification.

01.04.2024

使用至少 250 倍放大率的偏光显微镜进行石棉纤维的识别。

Edition 03.2024

10 | 10