೏৾৬ୡ੶१থॹॕग़०฽૔੶‫ق‬ಒ೬ा॑णऊढञ PI भಢ਋ਲਗଢ଼஢‫ك‬ᇮ੡ ಇஂ叞૯ଘ৘য়প৾ ৶৾৖ ৶৾ఐ᫖ᖺࡢኟ࡟ࠊ⚾ࡣ኱Ꮫෆࡢ㛗ᮇฟᙇไᗘࢆ฼⏝ࡋ࡚ᬮ࠿ࡃ᪥ᮏࡢ 11 ᭶⛬ᗘ࡛ࡍࠋࡇࡢ࠾ࡔࡸ࠿࡞Ẽೃࢆ࢝ࣜࣇ࢛ࣝࢽ࢔኱Ꮫࢧࣥࢹ࢕࢚ࢦᰯ㸦UCSD㸧ࡢ Susanồࡵࠊ⡿ᅜෆࡢ㧗㢠ᡤᚓ⪅ࡸࣜࢱ࢖࢔ୡ௦ࡀ⛣ࡾఫࢇ

Golden ༤ኈࡢ࡛ࣛ࣎ 3 ࠿᭶㛫ࠊῐỈᛶࢩ࢔ࣀࣂࢡࢸ࡛࠸ࡲࡍࠋࡲࡓࠊ⏕άࡋࡸࡍ࠸Ⅼ࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊᡤᚓ᱁ᕪࡀࣜ࢔ࡢ◊✲ࢆ⾜࠸ࡲࡋࡓࠋࡲࡓࠊࡑࡢẕయ࡜࡞ࡗࡓ௜

ᑠࡉ࠸ࡇ࡜ࡶᣲࡆࡽࢀࡲࡍࠋ✺ฟࡋࡓ㧗㢠ᡤᚓ⪅ࡀᑡ⨨◊✲ᡤࢫࢡࣜࢵࣉࢫᾏὒ◊✲ᡤ࡛ᾏὒᚤ⏕≀ࡢࢧ࡞࠸୍᪉࡛ࠊᏳᐃࡋࡓ཰ධࢆᚓ࡚࠸ࡿᾏ㌷㛵ಀ⪅ࡢୡࣥࣉࣜࣥࢢ࡟ຍࢃࡿᶵ఍ࢆᚓࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡲࡋࡓࠋ௒ᖏࡀከ࠸ࡓࡵ࡛ࡍࠋఫẸᵓᡂ࡛ࡣ࢔ࢪ࢔࡜ࢫ࣌࢖ࣥㄒᅇࡣࠊࢧࣥࢹ࢕࢚ࢦࡸ࡛ࣛ࣎⤒㦂ࡋࡓࡇ࡜ࢆ᫬㛫⏕≀ᅪ࡟⏤᮶ࡍࡿேࡓࡕࡀከࡃࠊ⪺ࡁྲྀࡾࡸࡍ࠸ⱥㄒࡀ౑Ꮫࡢࢥ࣒ࣛ࡟⤂௓ࡋࡲࡍࠋ

ࢃࢀࡲࡍࠋࢃࡓࡋࡢࡘࡓ࡞࠸ⱥㄒࡶᬑ㏻ࡢࡇ࡜࡜ࡋ࡚
⪺࠸࡚ࡃࢀࡲࡍࠋᆅᇦᩥ໬ࡣ࣓࢟ࢩࢥ࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣࢫ࣌࢖

1.ࢧࣥࢹ࢕࢚ࢦ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚

ࣥ⤫ྜ᫬௦࡟᰿ᕪࡋࡓᘓ≀ࠊᆅྡࠊᩱ⌮࡟ឤࡌࡿࡇ࡜

ࢧࣥࢹ࢕࢚ࢦࡣ୍ᖺࢆ㏻ࡌ࡚ᐮᬮࡢᕪࡀᑡ࡞ࡃ኱

ࡀ࡛ࡁࡲࡍࠋ᪥ᮏ㣗ရࢫ࣮ࣃ࣮ࡀ࠸ࡃࡘ࠿࠶ࡾࠊ࠾᝷

ኚ㐣ࡈࡋࡸࡍ࠸ࡇ࡜࡛▱ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋኟࡣࡑࢀ࡯࡝

⳯ࡸ࠾ᘚᙜࡢ࿡ࡣ᪥ᮏ࡛㣗࡭ࡿࡢ࡜ࡲࡗࡓࡃྠࡌ࡛

ᬬࡃ࡞ࡃࠊ30 ᗘࢆ㉸࠼ࡿࡇ࡜ࡣ࡯࡜ࢇ࡝࠶ࡾࡲࡏࢇࠋ

ࡋࡓࠋධࡗࡓࡇ࡜ࡣ࠶ࡾࡲࡏࢇࡀᒃ㓇ᒇ࡜ᑑྖᒇࡀఱࡑࡢࡓࡵ࢚࢔ࢥࣥࡢ࡞࠸ᐙᗞࡶከ࠸࡜⪺ࡁࡲࡍࠋ෤ࡣ

㌺ࡶ࠶ࡾࡲࡍࠋ᪥ᮏேࡀ⤒Ⴀࡍࡿࣞࣥࢱ࣮࢝఍♫ࡶ࠶෗┿ 1㸦ᕥ㸧⏕≀Ꮫ㒊ࡢᘓ≀࡜Ⱚ⏕ࡢᗈሙࠋ᪂ධ⏕ࡀ࢚࢜ࣜࣥࢸ࣮ࢩࣙࣥࡢࡓࡵ࡟㞟ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
㸦ྑ㸧▼ᾆ༤ኈࡢዟᵝ࠿ࡽࡢᡭ᭩ࡁࡢ T ࢩࣕࢶࢆ╔࡚࠸ࡿ Golden ༤ኈࠋ‫ ݩ‬kutsuna@yokohama-cu.ac.jp᫬㛫⏕≀Ꮫ

Vol. 26, No. 1 (2020)53ᮇ㛫୰ࡔࡗࡓࡓࡵ UCSD ࡢࢧ࣐࣮ࢫࢡ࣮ࣝ࡟ᘬ⋡ࡉࢀࡿᏊ౪ࡓࡕࡸࠊ᪥ᮏேࢆྵࡵࡓ࢔ࢪ࢔⣔▷ᮇ␃Ꮫ⏕ࠊ᝟ሗᕤᏛ࡜⏕࿨་Ꮫࢆ⤫ྜࡍࡿࢫ࢟ࣝࢆᏛࡪ࢖ࣥࢻே␃Ꮫ⏕࡜࠸ࡗࡓከᵝ࡞ࢢ࣮ࣝࣉࢆほᐹ࡛ࡁࡿࡢࡶᴦࡋ࠿ࡗࡓ࡛ࡍࠋࡕ࡞ࡳ࡟ࠊࡇࢀࡽࡢ࢖ࣥࢻ␃Ꮫ⏕ࡣࠊ࢖ࣥࢻ㈈㛸ࡢ TATA ࡢᐤ௜ࢆࡶ࡜࡟ UCSD ࡀᥦ౪ࡍࡿᩍ⫱ࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛ࡟ཧຍࡋ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋTATA ࣮࣍ࣝ࡜࠸࠺኱ࡁ࡞ᩍ⫱◊✲᪋タࡀ࢟ࣕࣥࣃࢫ࡟ᘓ࡚ࡽࢀࠊࡑࡇ࡟᭱᪂ࡢ⏕࿨⣔⿦⨨ࠊ౛࠼ࡤࢡࣛ࢖࢜㟁Ꮚ㢧ᚤ㙾࡞࡝ࡀタ⨨ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋࡑࡇ࡛ࡣࠊ◊✲஺ὶࢆಁ㐍ࡍࡿࡓࡵࡢඹྠ฼⏝ࣛ࣎ࡀ㐠Ⴀࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋ
Golden ༤ኈࡶࡑࡇ࡟ࢹࢫࢡࢆࡶࡗ࡚࠾ࡾࠊ㟁㢧ゎᯒࢆࢸ࣮࣐࡜ࡍࡿ኱Ꮫ㝔⏕࡜࡜ࡶ࡟㏻ࡗ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋ
3. Golden ࣛ࣎Susan Golden ༤ኈࡣࠊ1989 ᖺ࡟ගྜᡂࡢ㞟ගࢱࣥࣃ
ࢡ㉁ D1 ࡢ◊✲ࢆ⾜࠸ࡲࡋࡓࡀ 1ࠊࡑࡢ㑇ఏᏊⓎ⌧ࢆ෗┿ 2 ࢧࣥࢹ࢕࢚ࢦࡢ⮬៏ࡢ୍ࡘࣂࣝ࣎࢔ࣃ࣮ࢡ ࢫ࣌࢖ࣥ⤫ྜ᫬௦ࡢᘓ≀ࡀ༤≀㤋࡜ࡋ࡚ಖᏑࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋ㐌ᮎ࡟ࡣ኱ໃࡢேࡀ⧞ࡾฟࡋࡲࡍࠋᶓ὾ᕷ࡜ࡢጜጒ㒔ᕷࢆグᛕࡋ࡚㐀ᅬࡉࢀࡓ᪥ᮏᗞᅬࡶ࠶ࡾࡲࡍࠋヲ⣽࡟ㄪ࡭ࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࠊࣂࢡࢸࣜ࢔ࣝࢩࣇ࢙࣮ࣛࢮ㑇ఏᏊࢆࡘ࠿ࡗࡓ⏕≀Ⓨගࢩ࢔ࣀࣂࢡࢸࣜ࢔ࢆసฟࡋࡲ
ࡋࡓࠋAMC149 ࡜ྡ௜ࡅࡽࢀࡓࡇࡢⓎගࢩ࢔ࣀࣂࢡࢸ
ࣜ࢔ࡣࠊࣂࣥࢲ࣮ࣅࣝࢺ኱Ꮫࡢ Carl Johnson ༤ኈࡢ▱ࡾࡲࡍࠋࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡟᪥ᮏㄒࡀ౑࠼ࡿᗑࡀከ࠸ࡢࡶ㨩ຊࡿ࡜ࡇࢁ࡜࡞ࡾࡲࡋࡓࠋᙜ᫬ᇶ♏⏕≀Ꮫ◊✲ᡤࡢຓᡭ࡛ࡍࠋ

࡛࠶ࡗࡓྡྂᒇ኱Ꮫࡢ㏆⸨Ꮥ⏨༤ኈ࡜▼ᾆṇᐶ༤ኈ⨾ࡋ࠸ࣅ࣮ࢳࠊබᅬࠊ ࠊ༤≀㤋ࠊື≀ᅬࡢ࡯࠿࡟ࠊ

࡜ࡢඹྠ◊✲࡛Ⓨගࡢᴫ᪥ࣜࢬ࣒ࢆ♧ࡍࡇ࡜ࡀࢃ࠿ࡉࡲࡊࡲ࡞ศ㔝ࡢ࢝ࣥࣇ࢓ࣞࣥࢫࡀ㛤࠿ࢀࡿࢥࣥ࣋

ࡾࡲࡋࡓ 2ࠋࡑࡢඃࢀࡓᙧ㉁㌿᥮ࡢᛶ㉁࡟ࡼࡗ࡚᫬ィࣥࢩ࣮ࣙࣥ࣍ࣝࡶ࠶ࡾࡲࡍࠋ໭㒊࡟఩⨨ࡍࡿ UCSD ࿘㑇ఏᏊ⩌ kaiABC ࡢⓎぢ࡟ࡘ࡞ࡀࡿศᏊ㑇ఏᏛ◊✲࡛㎶࡟ࡣࠊᇶ♏◊✲ศ㔝࡛᭷ྡ࡞ࢯ࣮ࢡࠊࢫࢡࣜࢵࣉࢫ

ά㌍ࡋࡲࡋࡓ 3ࠋ➼ࡢ◊✲ᡤ⩌ࡢ࡯࠿࡟ࡶࠊከࡃࡢࣂ࢖࢜㛵㐃௻ᴗ⩌ࡀ

Golden ࣛ࣎ࡣࠊSusan Golden ༤ኈ࡜ James Golden ༤◊✲᪋タࢆ⨨࠸࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋḟୡ௦ࢩ࣮ࢣࣥࢫࡢ࢖࣑ࣝኈኵጔ࡟ࡼࡿඹྠࡢ◊✲ᐊ࡛ࡍࠋヲ⣽ࡣ┬ࡁࡲࡍࡀࠊ

ࢼࡣࡑࡢ௦⾲࡛ࡍࠋ᪥ᮏࡢ〇⸆఍♫ࡢ◊✲ᡤࡶ࠶ࡾࡲࣛ࣎ࡢᴫ᪥᫬ィࡢ◊✲ࢸ࣮࣐࡜ࡋ࡚ࡣࠊᴫ᪥ࣜࢬ࣒ࡢࡍࠋศᏊᶵᵓࡢゎ᫂ࠊ≉࡟ࣞࢻࢵࢡࢫࢩࢢࢼࣜࣥࢢ࡟ࡼࡿධຊ⣔࡜㌿෗࢔࢘ࢺࣉࢵࢺࠊࡑࡋ࡚᫬ィࢱࣥࣃࢡ㉁ࡢ

2. UCSD ࡜බඹ஺㏻ᶵ㛵࡟ࡘ࠸࡚⣽⬊ෆᒁᅾࡀ࠶ࡾࡲࡍ 4-6ࠋࡑࢀࡽ࡟ຍ࠼࡚ࠊ㑇ఏᏊ⤌◊✲ᶵ㛵ࡢከࡃࡀ UCSD ࡢ࠶ࡿ࣭ࣛ࣍ࣖᆅ༊࡟࠶ࡳ᥮࠼ࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡢ㛤Ⓨࡀ࠶ࡾࡲࡍ 7ࠋࡲࡓࠊࢩ࢔ࣀࣂࡾࡲࡍࠋ㞝኱࡞ኴᖹὒࢆᮃࡴ⨾ࡋ࠸ᾏᓊࢆ㌟㏆࡟ឤࡌࢡࢸࣜ࢔㑇ఏᏊ⤌ࡳ᥮࠼యࢆά⏝ࡋࡓ᭷⏝≀㉁ࡢࣂ

࡞ࡀࡽ◊✲࡟ྲྀࡾ⤌ࡵࡲࡍࡀࠊ⮬ᐙ⏝㌴ࢆᣢࡓ࡞࠸ሙ

࢖࢜ࣉࣟࢲࢡࢩࣙࣥ࡟ࡶྲྀࡾ⤌ࢇ࡛࠸ࡲࡍࠋ࣑࣮ࣛ࣎

ྜࠊ㏻໅࡟ࡣ㊰⥺ࣂࢫࢆ฼⏝ࡍࡿᚲせࡀ࠶ࡾࡲࡍࠋ㏻

ࢸ࢕ࣥࢢࡣྜྠ࡛⾜ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡓࡵࠊࢩ࢔ࣀࣂࢡࢸࣜ࢔

໅᫬࡟ࡣࠊ⾤୰࡛῰⁫ࡀⓎ⏕ࡍࡿࡢࡀགྷ௓࡛ࡋࡓࠋ⌧࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡢ▱ぢࢆᗈࡆࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡲࡍࠋࣛ࣎࡟ࡣⱝ

ᅾ㧗ᯫᘧࡢࢺ࣒ࣛࡀᘓタࡉࢀ࡚࠸࡚ࠊ᪤Ꮡࡢ࢔࣒ࢺࣛ

ᡭࡢ෸ࣇ࢓࢝ࣝࢸ࢕࡜ࡋ࡚ 2 ྡࡢ༤ኈ◊✲ဨࡀᡤᒓࢵࢡࡸබඹ㕲㐨ࡢ⥺㊰ࡲ࡛࠶࡜ᩘⓒ࣓࣮ࢺࣝࡢ࡜ࡇࡋࠊᏛ㒊ࡸ◊✲ᐊ࡛ࡢᩍ⫱࡟࠶ࡓࡗ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋࡉࡽ࡟

ࢁࡲ࡛ᕤ஦ࡀ㐍ࢇ࡛࠸ࡲࡍࠋࡇࡢ⥺㊰⥙ࡀ᏶ᡂࡍࡿ࡜ⱝᡭࡢ࣏ࢫࢻࢡ◊✲ဨࡸ༤ኈㄢ⛬኱Ꮫ㝔⏕࡜ࡋ࡚ 6㏻໅㏻Ꮫࡀᴦ࡟࡞ࡾࡲࡍࡡࠋ

ྡࡀᡤᒓࡋ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋᙼࡽࡣࠊ኱Ꮫ࡞࡝ࡢ࢔࢝ࢹ࣑ࢵ

ࣂࢫ㏻Ꮫ࡛ࡣࠊ஌ࡾ㛫㐪࠼ࡓࡇ࡜ࡀᗄᗘ࠿࠶ࡾࡲࡋ

ࢡ࣏ࢪࢩࣙࣥࡸࣉࣛ࢖࣮࣋ࢺ࢝ࣥࣃࢽ࣮ࠊNASA ࡢ◊ࡓࡀࠊࡑࢇ࡞᫬࡛ࡶࢫ࣐࣮ࢺࣇ࢛ࣥࡢ఩⨨᝟ሗ࡜ࢢ࣮✲ဨࢆ┠ᣦࡋ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋ◊✲ဨࡣࣛ࣎࡟࠸ࡿ㛫ࡣᐇ㦂ࢢ࣐ࣝࢵࣉࡀ࠶ࢀࡤࠊ⏫ࡢᩓ⟇࡜ࡋ࡚ᴦࡋࡴࡇ࡜ࡶ࡛࡟㞟୰ࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟ᖖ࡟⪥࡟࢖ࣖ࣍ࣥࢆ⿦╔ࡋ࡚సᴗࡁࡲࡍࠋࣂࢫࡀ࠶࡜࡝ࢀࡃࡽ࠸࡛฿╔ࡍࡿ࠿ࡶࢃ࠿ࡿࡋ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋ࠾஫࠸ࡢ᫬㛫ࢆᑛ㔜ࡋ࠶ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ㞺ᅖẼࡢ࡛౽฼࡞᫬௦࡛ࡼ࠿ࡗࡓ࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ௒ᅇࡣኟఇࡳ᫬㛫⏕≀Ꮫ
54

Vol. 26, No. 1 (2020)෗┿ 3 Susan ࡜ James ࡢ୧ Golden ༤ኈࢆᅖࢇ࡛ࡢ㞟ྜ෗┿ኴᖹὒࢆᮃࡴࣃࣛࢢࣛ࢖ࢲ࣮⦎⩦ᡤ࡟࣓ࣛ࣎ࣥࣂ࣮ࡑࢁࡗ࡚ࣛࣥࢳࢆ㣗࡭࡚ᴦࡋࢇ࡛ࡁࡲࡋࡓࠋ୰ኸࡢ஧ேࡀ Golden ኵጔ࡛ࡍࠋࡕ࡞ࡳ࡟௨๓ Susan Golden ༤ኈࡣࡇࡇ࡛ࣃࣛࢢࣛ
࢖ࢲ࣮ࢆᴦࡋࢇࡔࡑ࠺࡛ࡍࠋࡀ◊✲ᐊ࡟⁻ࡗ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋ୍㒊ࡢⱝᡭ◊✲⪅ࡣࠊ◊✲ࡔࡅ࡛࡞ࡃࠊᐇ⩦ࡸ࠾ࡑࡽࡃㅮ⩏ࢆᢸᙜࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡓࡵࠊᛁࡋ࠸ẖ᪥࡛ࡍࠋࡉࡽ࡟⚾⏕ά࡜௰㛫࡜ࡢ᫬㛫ࡶ኱஦࡟ࡍࡿ⩦័ࡀ࠶ࡾࠊ㔠᭙᪥ࡢ༗ᚋࡣᐙᗞ࡛ࡢసᴗ࡟᫬㛫ࢆ๭ࡃࡇ࡜ࡶ࠶ࡿࡼ࠺࡛ࡍࠋᅵ᭙ࡢኪࡣࠊ⚾ࡢ⁫ᅾࡋࡓᆅ༊࡛ࡶࣃ࣮ࢸ࢕ࡀẖ㐌┒኱࡟㛤࠿ࢀࡲࡋࡓࠋ
4. ࢫࢡࣜࢵࣉࢫᾏὒ◊✲ᡤ㸦Scripps Institute ofOrceanography㸧
Brian Palenik ࡜ Bianca Brahamsha ࡢ୧༤ኈࡀ኱Ꮫ㝔⏕ࡽ࡜࡜ࡶ࡟ᾏὒᛶගྜᡂᚤ⏕≀ࡢ⏕ែᏛ࡜⣽⬊⏕≀Ꮫࡢ◊✲ࢆ⾜ࡗ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋἢᓊᇦ࡛ぢࡽࢀࡿࢩ࢔ࣀ
ࣂࢡࢸࣜ࢔ Synechococcus ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࠊᩘ༑ᖺ㛫࡟ࢃࡓࡿᐃⅬほࢆᐇ᪋ࡋ࡚ࠊ⎔ቃ࡜ᾏὒᚤ⏕≀ࡢ㛵ಀࢆㄪ࡭࡚ࡁࡲࡋࡓࠋ⚾ࡣ 10 ᖺ࡯࡝๓࡟ Golden ༤ኈ࠿ࡽ୧༤ኈࢆ⤂௓ࡋ࡚ࡶࡽࡗࡓࡢ࡛ࡍࡀࠊ௒ᅇࡣࡼ࠺ࡸࡃ◊✲ࡢ࠾ᡭఏ࠸ࢆࡍࡿᶵ఍ࢆᚓࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡲࡋࡓࠋࢩ
࣮ࢬࣥ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ࡣࠊ኱Ꮫ㝔⏕ࡣኪ㛫ࡶ஺௦࡛ࢧࣥࣉࣜ
ࣥࢢࢆ⾜࠸ࡲࡍࠋ᥇ྲྀࡋࡓᾏỈࢆࣛ࣎ࡢᇵ㣴ᐊ࡟ࡶࡕ࠿࠼ࡾࠊᩘ᪥㛫ࡢ⏕≀άᛶࢆㄪ࡭ࠊࣇ࢕ࣝࢱ࣮࡛ᅇ཰
ࡋࡓ⣽⬊ࡢ DNA ࢆㄪ࡭ࡲࡍࠋGolden ࣛ࣎࡜⥭ᐦ࡟㐃⤡ࢆྲྀࡾྜࡗ࡚ᾏὒᛶࢩ࢔ࣀࣂࢡࢸࣜ࢔ࡢ⣽⬊⏕≀Ꮫ◊✲ࢆ࠾ࡇ࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋ
5. ⤊ࢃࡾ࡟
3 ࠿᭶ࡪࡾ࡟᪥ᮏ࡟ᡠࡾࠊ᪥ᮏࡢ✵ࠊ࡜ࡃ࡟‵ࡾẼࢆ࠾ࡧ࡚ࡰࢇࡸࡾࡋࡓኤ↝ࡅࡗ࡚࠸࠸ࡶࡢ࡞ࡢࡔ࡞࡜ឤࡌࡲࡋࡓࠋࢧࣥࢹ࢕࢚ࢦ࡛ࡣࠊᮅࡣ᭎ࡾࠊ᫨ࡣᢤ᫬㛫⏕≀Ꮫ෗┿ 4 ⚾࡟୚࠼ࡽࢀࡓࢹࢫࢡࡢ㒊ᒇࡢ㞄ࡣࠊ࢔࢝ࣃࣥ࢝ࣅࡢᴫ᪥ࣜࢬ࣒ࡢ◊✲࡛ⴭྡ࡞ Stuart Brody ༤ኈࡢ࢜ࣇ࢕ࢫ
࡛ࡍࠋBrody ༤ኈࡣᬑẁࡣᇳ➹సᴗ࡟ἐ㢌ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡢ࡛ࡍࡀࠊ᫬ࠎࠊ⚾ࡓࡕࡢ㒊ᒇ࡟ࡁ࡚ヰ┦ᡭࢆࡋ࡚ࡃࢀࡲࡋࡓࠋᚋ
㏙ࡢᾏὒ◊✲ᡤࡢ Bianca Brahamsha ༤ኈࡣ Brody ༤ኈࡢ኱Ꮫ㝔⏕ࡔࡗࡓࡇ࡜ࡶ࠶ࡿࡓࡵࠊGolden ࣛ࣎࡟ࡣᏛ⏕࡜࡜ࡶ࡟◊✲ࡢᡴࡕྜࢃࡏࡢ㝿࡟❧ࡕᐤࡾࡲࡍࠋ

Vol. 26, No. 1 (2020)55෗┿ 5ࣅ࣮ࢳ࡟㞄᥋ࡋࡓᾏὒ◊✲ᡤ࡜◊✲⏝ᱞᶫࡅࡿ㟷✵࡜ᙉⅯ࡟↷ࡾ௜ࡅࡿ᪥ᕪࡋࠊࡑࡋ࡚⤃࡜⥮Ⰽ࠸ࡿࡑ࠺࡛ࡍࠋ࢔࣓࡛ࣜ࢝ࡣಖㆤ⪅ࡣᏊ౪࠿ࡽ┠ࢆ㞳ࡢኤ↝ࡅ࡜࠸࠺ࢥࣥࢺࣛࢫࢺࡢᙉ࠸ኳẼࡀ⥆࠸ࡓ࠿ࡋ࡚ࡣ࠸ࡅ࡞࠸ࡢ࡛ࡍࠋ⚾ࡢ⏕άᅪ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡣࠊᑠᏛࡽ࡛ࡍࠋᐇ㦂ࡋ࡚࠿ࡽࣂࢫ࡟ᦂࡽࢀ࡚ẸἩඛ࡟ᖐࡿ࡜

⏕ࡔࡅ࡛㐟ࢇ࡛࠸ࡿࡼ࠺࡛ࡋࡓࡢ࡛ࠊᑠᏛ⏕ࡢపᏛᖺࢡࢱࢡࢱ࡟࡞ࡗࡓࡢࡶ㛵ಀࡍࡿࡢ࡛ࡋࡻ࠺ࠋࡑ࠺࠸࠼

ࡲ࡛ࡣ኱ே࡜୍⥴࡛࡞࠸࡜࠸ࡅ࡞࠸ࡢ࡛ࡋࡻ࠺ࠋࡤ㦫ࡃ࡭ࡁࡇ࡜࡟Ẽࡀ௜ࡁࡲࡋࡓࠋ࡞ࢇ࡜ 3 ࠿᭶㛫୍

㌴ୖⲨࡽࡋ࡟ࡣྛேὀព࡛㜵ࡀ࡞ࡃ࡚ࡣ࡞ࡾࡲࡏᗘࡶ㞵ࡀ㝆ࡾࡲࡏࢇ࡛ࡋࡓࠋすᾏᓊ࡛ᒣⅆ஦ࡀ㉳ࡁࡿࢇࡀࠊ㢖Ⓨࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ⮬ື㌴ࡢ┐㞴ࡣࠊΎᤲࡸ⟶⌮ࢆጤࢃࡅ࡛ࡍࠋࡓ࠸࡚࠸ⱝ⪅ࡢᨺⅆ࡟ࡼࡿࡶࡢ࡛ࠊ࠶ࡿᆅクࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࣓࢟ࢩࢥேࡢ≢⾜࡛࠶ࡿࡓࡵࠊಖ㝤࡛ᑐฎ༊࡛ᨺⅆࡀ࠶ࡿ࡜ࠊูࡢᆅ༊ࡢⱝ⪅ࡢẼᣢࡕࢆ่⃭ࡋࡍࡿࡋ࠿࡞࠸࡜⪺ࡁࡲࡋࡓࠋࡲࡓࠊ㧗⣭㌴ࡀከᩘ㉮ࡗ࡚㐃㙐ࡍࡿ࡜ࡢࡇ࡜࡛ࡍࠋࢧࣥࢹ࢕࢚ࢦࡢ໭㒊ࠊࢧ࡚ࣥ࠸ࡿࡓࡵࠊ㧗㢠⿵ൾ࡟ᑐᛂ࡛ࡁࡿಖ㝤࡟ࡣධࡽ࡞࠸࣐ࣝࢥࢫࡢ▱ேᏯࡢ᳜᱂ࡀ↔ࡆ࡚࠸ࡿࡢࡣࠊᩘᖺ๓ࡢ࡜Ᏻᚰ࡛ࡁࡲࡏࢇࠋ

ᒣⅆ஦࡟ࡼࡿࡶࡢ࡜⪺ࡁࠊࡉࡽ࡟ࠊࡑࡢᒣⅆ஦ࡢཎᅉࡀᑡዪ࡟ࡼࡿᨺⅆࡔ࡜▱ࡗ࡚㦫ࡁࡲࡋࡓࠋࢧࣥࢹ࢕࢚ࢦ࡛ࡢయ㦂࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࡢ࡛ࡍࡀࠊࡇࢇ࡞ࡇ࡜ࡀ࠶ࡾࡲࡋࡓࠋ⚾ࡀᅜ❧බᅬ࡬ྥࡅ࡚㌴ࢆ㐠㌿ࡋ࡚ࢧࣥࢹ࢕࢚ࢦࡣ࣓࢟ࢩࢥࡢࢸ࢕ࣇ࢓ࢼ࡜ᅜቃࢆቃ࠸ࡓ࡜ࡇࢁࠊᚋࢁ࠿ࡽ㆙ഛ㌴୧࡟ࡼࡗ࡚㏣ᑿࡉࢀࠊ㌴࡟᥋ࡋ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋᩘᖺ๓ࡢࡇ࡜࡛ࡍࡀࠊ࣓࢟ࢩࢥࡢ㯞ࢆ೵Ṇࡍࡿࡼ࠺ᣦ♧ࡉࢀࡲࡋࡓࠋ࣓࣊ࣝࢵࢺ࡜㜵ᙎࢳ⸆࣐ࣇ࢕࢔ࡢሗ᚟࡛ࢸ࢕ࣇ࢓ࢼ㥔ᅾࡢ㡑ᅜேࡀᩘᐙࣙࢵ࡛࢟㜵ഛࡋ⥭ᙇࡋࡓᵝᏊࡢࣞࣥࢪ࣮ࣕ㸦ಖᏳᐁ㸽㸧᪘ẅᐖࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋ⌧ᆅ♫఍࡬ࡢ⾪ᧁࡣ࠾࠾ࡁࡃࠊ

ࡀ㏆࡙࠸࡚ࡁࡲࡋࡓࠋ⚾ࡣ㐠㌿ᖍ࡛ࡦࡓࡍࡽ࣮࣍ࣝࢻࢸ࢕ࣇ࢓ࢼࢆほගࡍࡿ࡜ࡁࡣ⌧ᆅ࢞࢖ࢻࢆࡘࡅࡿࡼ

࢔ࢵࣉࡍࡿࡋ࠿࡞࠿ࡗࡓ࡛ࡍࠋࡑࢀ࠿ࡽ 3 ᪥㛫⫶⸆ࡀ࠺㆙࿌ࡉࢀࡲࡍࠋ୍᪉ᅜቃ࠿ࡽ㞳ࢀࡓ࣓࢟ࢩࢥࡢࣜࢰᚲせ࡛ࡋࡓࠋGolden ༤ኈ࡟ヰࡋࡓ࡜ࡇࢁࠊཝࡋ࠸⾲᝟࣮ࢺᆅࡣ㆙ഛࡀᙉ໬ࡉࢀ࡚Ᏻ඲࡟ᴦࡋࡵࡿࡑ࠺࡛ࡍࠋ࡛⪺࠸࡚ࡃࢀࡲࡋࡓࠋ᪥ᮏ࡟ᡠࡗ࡚࢔࣓ࣜ࢝ேࡢ▱ேᏊ౪ࡢㄏᣂࡸ⾜᪉୙᫂࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊ࢔࣓ࣜ࢝ࡣ㸦ࡌࡘ࡟ࠊࡇࡢヰࢆࡋࡓ࡜ࡇࢁࠊ⚾ࡢ㌴ࡀ㯞⸆ࢆ㐠ࢇ࡛࠸ࡿࡣࢻ࢖ࢶࠊ࢖ࢠࣜࢫࠊ᪥ᮏࡶ㸧࠿࡞ࡾࡢ⋡࡛Ⓨ⏕ࡋ࡚࡜␲ࢃࢀࡓࡢࡔ࡜ゝࢃࢀࡲࡋࡓࠋ᳃ࡢ୰࡟ཷࡅΏࡋሙ

෗┿ 6 ᱞᶫࡢ➃࡟࠶ࡿほℐࡋࡲࡍࠋ᫬㛫⏕≀Ꮫ
56ᑠᒇ࠿ࡽ⁥㌴ࢆࡘ࠿ࡗ࡚ࢱࣥࢡ࡟ᾏỈࢆ᥇ྲྀࡋࡲࡍࠋࣛ࣎࡟ᣢࡕᖐࡾࢥࣥࢱ࣑࡟ὀពࡋ࡞ࡀࡽᾏỈࢆ

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