Transparent 2022
Annual ReSource: Plastic Progress Report

December 2022

Executive Summary
World Wildlife Fund (WWF) is working toward a vision of

TRANSPARENT 2022

No Plastic in Nature by 2030 and is leading the charge tohelp reimagine how we source, design, dispose of, andTransparent 2022 is the third installment of ReSource:reuse the plastic materials communities most depend

Plastic’s reporting series. It expands on key findings thaton.

were established in previous years’ reports and presents
new recommendations for Member companies to

As part of the effort to bring data and collaboration tofurther their impact with data-driven actions. This report

the forefront of corporate action, ReSource: Plastic

highlights progress made relating to ReSource Members’

publicly reports on the progress of its Member compa-

global plastic footprints in 2021, including their use ofnies year over year. The Transparent report series isplastic by polymer type and form, their use of recycled

ReSource’s annual publication that details and tracks

content and sustainably sourced biobased content, andprogress on Member activities and harnesses this new

the likely waste management pathways for their plastic

data to provide recommendations for action—both

portfolios. Along with a multi-year progress analysis forinternal to company supply chains and across wider

our Principal Members, Transparent 2022 includes a firstmulti-stakeholder efforts.

look at progress for Members that provided theirbaseline analysis in last year’s report. In early 2022, CVS

ABOUT RESOURCE

Health joined ReSource: Plastic as Principal Retail

ReSource: Plastic aims to engage 100+ companies throughbaseline reporting, which will be used to measure

the ReSource Footprint Tracker by 2030 in the effort toreach the ultimate goal of preventing at least 50 million
metric tons of plastic waste from entering nature. The
ReSource Footprint Tracker provides a common measurement framework, and through increased adoption ofthis tool, the highest-impact measures can be identified.
The results of the ReSource Footprint Tracker provide
the necessary starting point for developing solutions
whose impact will reverberate across supply chains andindustries.

2

Member; Transparent 2022 includes CVS Health’s
progress in future Transparent reports. The scope andcharacteristics of each company’s data are outlined
within the report.

Members, as small plastics are often lost from recycling
RESOURCE MEMBERS

streams. For small-format plastics that remain necessary, testing through regional plastic recycling organizations is important to ensure their recovery in existing
recycling systems.
Reusable systems remain a key opportunity andshould be pursued as a high priority for action now
through 2030. Members reported a wide range of pilots
in reuse programs as part of their operations in 2021,
demonstrating that collective action efforts on reuse
continue to create alignment on definitions and measurement and advance opportunities for pilots andcollaboration.
SHIFT TO SUSTAINABLE INPUTSFOR REMAINING PLASTIC

INSIGHTSTransparent 2022 expands on established opportunities
for corporate action using ReSource’s approach tosystems change: eliminating unnecessary plastic,
doubling global recycling and composting, shifting tosustainable inputs for remaining plastic, and improving
data harmonization. Overall, the focus areas previously
identified in Transparent 2020 and Transparent 2021
remain largely relevant, but developments in recent
years have made some action paths clearer and more
concrete, while others remain challenging. Transparent
2022 also highlights new areas of action to address thechanging landscape, such as targeting factors within
immediate business control, advocating to drive holisticchange, and designing portfolios to meet a future vision.
ReSource will continue to utilize the recommendations

Increasing the use of recycled plastic to address
the significant gap between current use andcorporate commitments is key. Among ReSource’s
Principal Members, recycled content increased from
8.1% in 2019 (343,000 metric tons) to 12.5% in 2021
(559,000 metric tons). For all Members, recycled content
is 10.2% of the aggregate portfolio, up from 8.0% in
2020. Collaborative efforts across key markets and on
specific materials are beginning to impact the availabilityof recycled material, providing a proof point for thiswork’s value to reach recycled content goals. Where
there is not a clear pathway to use recycled content, theuse of responsibly sourced biobased plastic remains animportant strategy for ReSource Members; between 2020
and 2021, several Members reported promising andinnovative projects that aim to increase biobased
content in the future.

and conclusions in this report to inform priority action in
the next year and to influence collective action plans.
ELIMINATE UNNECESSARY PLASTIC
Members should continue successful tactics totarget the reduction, redesign, and testing of small
plastics, which include familiar single-use items like
utensils, coffee stirrers, and straws. Overall, small
plastics were reduced from the 2020 reporting year by
1,500 metric tons, continuing the trend identified inTransparent 2021. Replicating and building on thesesuccessful tactics should remain a key priority for3

DOUBLE GLOBAL RECYCLING AND COMPOSTINGOF PLASTIC

ACT WITHIN IMMEDIATE BUSINESS CONTROL
Targeting factors within operational control

Eliminating problematic plastic remains a key

presents an opportunity for significant impact for

strategy to increase recyclability of Member

Members. Businesses have direct control over design

portfolios. Continuing the trend from Transparent 2021,

choices, and among ReSource Members, the factors that

Member use of problematic plastic continues to shrink,fall within the immediate ability of the company todecreasing from 94,200 metric tons (1.4% of theaddress are understandably the fastest to show prog-

portfolio) in 2020 to 91,100 metric tons (1.3%) in 2021.

ress. By identifying what immediate steps are necessary

This decrease is smaller in magnitude than in previous

to address their individual plastic footprints today,

years, reflecting the reality that as this volume getsbusinesses will better align themselves for greater

smaller, it also gets more difficult to eliminate what

systemic changes down the line.

remains.
The availability of recycled materials continues to
not match the demand set by companies to meettheir sustainability goals. Increasing availability ofrecycled content is a key intervention, and ReSource
Members are engaged in many collective action efforts
to scale collection and recycling of plastic, varying with

ADVOCATE FOR CONTINUED ENGAGEMENT FROMSTAKEHOLDERS, POLICY MAKERS, AND OTHERCORPORATIONS
By leveraging their critical influence, businesses
can advocate for significant policy advancements on
the horizon. Although companies can make meaningfuleach Member’s portfolio. Incremental progress contin-

progress to address plastic pollution through individual

ues to be made in the U.S., where ReSource Members’

action, achieving broader goals will require advocating

volumes are highest and landfill rates are also high.

for wide-scale holistic change. Importantly, policychanges at local, regional, national, and international

IMPROVE DATA HARMONIZATION

levels can help Members achieve higher rates of recycledcontent and materials recovery and reduce mismanage-

Data and method harmonization is more relevant

ment. With the ongoing negotiation of the United

than ever, as the list of stakeholders interested in

Nations global instrument to address plastic pollution,

understanding the state of the plastic waste crisis

businesses are needed more than ever to advocate for

expands to include investors, financial institutions, andan ambitious and effective outcome.

policy makers. With stakeholder interest increasing,more companies are taking the initiative to measure
their plastic footprints, driving demand for voluntarymeasurement systems, like the ReSource Footprint
Tracker, to feed into the development of disclosure
frameworks.
Building upon existing work to create convergence
and alignment, rather than duplicating efforts and/or
proliferating methods, is critical for progress. Expanding
on current work avoids costly duplication, leverages thelearnings from leaders and early adopters, and provides
value and feasibility proof points to those being asked toparticipate in these systems.

4

DESIGN PORTFOLIOS FOR THE FUTURE
Working toward a comprehensive vision of how acompany portfolio will fit within a future landscape of improved waste management systems andoptimized incentives and policies can set Members up
for success. Members should not limit strategies or
ambitions to what they can achieve alone or what iscurrently required by policy. Instead, they should set
themselves up for the future by designing a smart plastic
portfolio today.

Contents
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  . 2INTRODUCTION  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  . 6About ReSource: Plastic  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  7
Members . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Supporting Partners & Collaborations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
MEASURE—RESULTS & PROGRESS REPORT .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  . 10
Methodology  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102021 Results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Progress: Principal Members . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Individual Member Footprints & Progress  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
New Member Baselines  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
MAXIMIZE—RECOMMENDATIONS FOR ACTION .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  . 44
Updates to Transparent 2021 Recommendations  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
Additional Opportunities for Impact . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
MULTIPLY—COLLABORATING FOR CHANGE .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  . 50
CONCLUSION .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  . 53
GLOSSARY .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  . 54
APPENDIX A—RESULTS TABLES  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  . 56
APPENDIX B—FORM AND REGION CLASSIFICATIONS .  .  .  .  .  .  .  . 66

5

Introduction
Plastic is flowing into nature at an unprecedented rate every day, with a dump truck’s worth
entering our oceans every minute.1 In one year alone, this plastic waste adds up to 11 million
metric tons and impacts over 2,000 species.2,3 As this crisis spreads to every corner of the globe,
World Wildlife Fund (WWF) is leading the charge to reimagine how we source, design, dispose of,and reuse the plastic materials communities most depend on—because while plastic can help
make our hospitals safer, our food last longer, and our packages more efficient to ship, it has noplace in nature.
WWF is fighting for a world with no plastic in nature by 2030 through tackling the root cause of
the crisis: a broken material system. WWF is approaching systems change through three criticalpathways: private sector action, good government policy, and public engagement. As part of thisstrategy, WWF is partnering with companies around the planet to engage private sector action asa key lever for transformation.
Businesses are uniquely positioned to reduce waste within their own supply chains throughimproved sourcing, design, and business model innovation. They can also serve as points ofinfluence and catalysts for action among other stakeholders, including governments and the6

FIGURE 1. ReSource: Plastic Theory of Change.

public. While business has been largely responsible forget there. We close that “how” gap through the ReSource

exacerbating plastic pollution, business also plays an

Footprint Tracker, an innovative measurement frame-

indispensable role in mitigating it (see Figure 1).

work that tracks corporate action against ReSource’s
three-pronged approach to leverage business as a

As few as 100 companies have the potential to prevent

catalyst for systems change. This approach includes:

roughly 50 million metric tons of the world’s plastic
waste by 2030.4 This potential can only be reached if
businesses pursue plastic waste mitigation activities that

• Eliminating unnecessary plastic through businessmodel innovation, reduction, and substitution

are designed to maximize the potential for impact and,furthermore, if they strategically contribute to systems
change.

• For plastic that is necessary, shifting from virgin plastic
sourcing to sustainable inputs, including recycledcontent, responsibly sourced biobased content,5 andAbout ReSource: Plastic
ReSource: Plastic is WWF’s activation hub for companies
that are ready to translate plastic commitments tomeaningful action but need help building a roadmap toadvanced materials6• Doubling global collection, recycling, and compostingof plastic so that the plastic going into the system iscirculated back7

By building a large corporate membership and helping
these companies take on data-driven strategies, Re-

Members

Source aims to prevent 50 million metric tons of plastic

ReSource was launched in May 2019 with five Principal

waste by 2030. To get there, ReSource is working with its

Members that have demonstrated ambition and sector

Member companies to:leadership on plastic waste: Keurig Dr Pepper, McDon-

MEASURE IMPACT of ReSource Members’ plastic action
through the ReSource Footprint Tracker, an innovative
measurement framework that calculates aggregate andindividual Member global plastic footprints to trackprogress annually and inform strategy.
MAXIMIZE IMPACT by tracking implementation andprogress of activities through the ReSource Footprint
Tracker to identify what interventions to reduce waste
should be prioritized, scaled, or improved upon.
MULTIPLY IMPACT by catalyzing opportunities forcollaboration on large-scale interventions, which is
critical to bringing speed and scale to solutions andinvestments toward systems change.

8

ald’s Corporation, Procter & Gamble, Starbucks, and The
Coca-Cola Company. Since then, we have welcomed
three additional Members: Amcor, Colgate-Palmolive,
and Kimberly-Clark. CVS Health has also joined as
Principal Retail Member. As Members of ReSource, thecompanies are committed to tracking and annual
reporting on their plastic footprint, taking recommended
actions to advance ReSource’s goals and, importantly,
pursuing collaborative efforts with other companies andstakeholders to scale critical interventions to address
plastic waste.

Supporting Partners & Collaborations
THOUGHT PARTNERS
The Ellen MacArthur Foundation and Ocean Conservancy are leaders in the global effort to stop plastic
pollution. As our thought partners, they provide continued guidance that helps inform strategy and strengthen
the conservation-driven objectives of ReSource. Our work
aims to build on and align with their programs and tools,
notably the New Plastics Economy Global Commitment,
led by the Ellen MacArthur Foundation and UN Environment Programme (UNEP).

IMPLEMENTATION PARTNERS
Implementation Partners are organizations that scale
the reach and impact of ReSource activities. The American Beverage Association (ABA) became an Implementation Partner in 2019 to align measurement methods andprogrammatic expertise with its Every Bottle Backinitiative, focused on increasing PET recycling in the
United States. In 2020, the U.S. Plastics Pact joined ABA
as a ReSource Implementation Partner, utilizing the
ReSource Footprint Tracker as a measurement tool forannual progress tracking. This year, the Canada Plastics
Pact has used the ReSource Footprint Tracker tomeasure its progress for the first time.

OTHER COLLABORATORS
ReSource also collaborates with peer organizations andinitiatives to strengthen our methodology and amplify
our efforts. A key collaborator in addition to those aboveis the World Economic Forum’s Consumers Beyond
Waste initiative. We also acknowledge and appreciate
the contributions that Wood Mackenzie, The Recycling
Partnership, Circulate Capital, and the Plastic Leak
Project made to the design of the ReSource Footprint
Tracker.

9Measure
Results & Progress Report
Transparent 2022 is the third annual report that details ReSource Members’ plastic footprints andtracks progress on corporate actions. This publication provides recommendations for action,
both internal to company supply chains and across wider multi-stakeholder efforts.

Methodology
The ReSource Footprint Tracker is the mechanism that enables ReSource Members to measure,maximize, and multiply the impact of their actions on plastic. The methodology provides insight
into how much and what types of plastic companies use, the source of the material, and where itgoes upon disposal—whether it circulates back into the system or becomes a wasted resource.
Detailed information about each component of the Tracker, including survey structure, data
sources, assumptions, and limitations, can be found in the publication ReSource Footprint
Tracker Methodology Overview.

10No significant updates were made to the data collection• Lastly, this assessment represents a relatively small set

survey or methodology for the 2021 reporting period;of companies, so there are limitations on what can be

however, several data improvements were made to theconcluded from the results. While these nine compa-

waste management model. WWF continues to collabo-

nies are well-known global companies and leaders inrate with Wood Mackenzie, a research and consultancy

their respective industries, they are not necessarily

group specializing in the energy, chemicals, metals, andrepresentative of these industries as a whole or themining industries, to provide PET bottle recycling rates

global plastic waste situation.

globally. PET bottle recycling rates were added for three
new countries and updated for 89 countries based on

As ReSource grows, we will work to enable broader use of

the latest data from Wood Mackenzie. Other existing

the ReSource Footprint Tracker so that the aggregateddata sources in the model were also reviewed, anddata produce more generalizable insights acrossupdated recycling rates were added when available.

industries.

Lastly, form- and polymer-specific recycling rates for PET,
HDPE, PP, PS, and PVC bottles and other rigids in Canada
were also added to the model based on the latest
available data from the Canada Plastics Pact, which
adopted the ReSource Footprint Tracker as its reporting

2021 Results
COMPANY PORTFOLIO AND CONTEXT

mechanism in 2022.
ReSource Members reported a total of 4.83 million metric
INTERPRETING THE ASSESSMENT
As ReSource has been developed to bring the disparate
variables that contribute to the global plastic waste
problem into a single framework, there are inevitablechallenges in the data collection process. Companies
have very different systems for tracking plastic throughout their supply chains, and global data on plastic waste
management is not consistently collected. Whenreviewing the findings of the assessment, pleaseconsider the following data limitations and assumptions:• The ReSource Footprint Tracker relies on Members toprovide accurate data. WWF works with Members to
identify inconsistencies and fill data gaps, but the datasubmitted by companies for this report were notverified or audited by a third party.
• Data collection methodologies and reporting scopes
vary somewhat between Members. Detailed information about what is covered by the reported data isprovided in each company’s individual results section.
• Due to the limited availability of waste management
data in several key geographies, in many regions it iscurrently not possible to meaningfully distinguishbetween an individual company’s plastic waste
footprint and national averages. Therefore, waste

tons of plastic in 2021 that was sold to retailers andconsumers (including business consumers) or discarded
in-house. In addition, 2.37 million metric tons of plastic
were sold business-to-business. Note that wheneverplastic footprints are aggregated across Members in thisreport, there is potential for double counting of any
plastic sold between ReSource Members.
The global plastic packaging market was estimated to be
134 million metric tons in 2020.7 Using this figure,
ReSource Members’ contribution to annual global plastic
packaging (excluding business-to-business volumes) isapproximately 3.6%. It should also be noted that The
Coca-Cola Company and Amcor together account for
78% of the total reported volume, which can skew
aggregate results.
The total tonnage of the eight Members that reported in2020 increased by 5.3% in 2021. This appears to be inpart due to a rebound in volumes after a decline
between 2019 and 2020, likely due to disruptions
caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. In addition, someMembers have seen continuous increases in reported
tonnages since their baselines because of increased
sales. For six out of the eight Members that havereported for multiple years, plastic tonnages havedeclined relative to net sales since their respective
baselines (Table 2).

management outcomes are reported in the aggregate
in this report and not on an individual company basis.
11

FIGURE 2. ReSource Members’ aggregate reported plastic volumes by country in 2020.
Plastic Volumes (MT)
≥ 1,000,000
100,000 - 999,999
10,000 - 99,999
1 - 9,999
0/Insufficient Data

CanadaCanadaUnited States

BermudaUnited States

Western
BahamasSaharaHaiti Turks and Caicos Islands
BermudaDominican Republic
Puerto Rico
Jamaica
BelizeCabo VerdeSaint Kitts and Nevis
MexicoBahamasHonduras
Guadeloupe
Haiti Turks and Caicos Islands
SenegaCuba
Martinique
Dominican RepublicSaint Lucia
Curaçao
Puerto Rico
The
GambiaJamaica
Nicaragua
GuatamalaSaint
Vincent
Aruba BelizeSaint Kitts and Nevis
Barbados
El Salvador
Honduras
Trinidad and Guadeloupe
TobagoMartinique
GuineaGuyana
Saint Lucia
Curaçao
Costa Rica
Venezuela
BissauNicaragua
GuatamalaSuriname
Aruba Saint Vincent
Barbados
PanamaEl Salvador
Sier
French Guiana
Trinidad and Tobago
GuyanaLeon
Venezuela
Colombia Costa Rica

MexicoCuba

Suriname
French Guiana

PanamaColombia

EcuadorEcuador

Peru

PeruBrazil
BrazilSamoa
Fiji

New Caledonia
Australia

Samoa

French Polynesia
Fiji

New Caledonia

Bolivia

French Polynesia

BoliviaParaguay

Chile

Argentina

Argentina
New Zealand

12

New ZealandParaguay

Chile

Uruguay

UruguayNorway

SwedenRussian Federation

Finland

Estonia
UnitedLatviaKingdom
Denmark
Lithuania
Netherlands
BelarusBelgium
Ireland
PolandGermany
LuxembourgCzech Republic
Russian Federation
Ukraine
NorwayFinland
Slovakia
Austria Hungary
SwedenMoldova
Kazakhstan
FranceEstonia
Mongolia
UnitedSerbia Romania
MonacoSwitzerland
LatviaKingdom
Slovinia
Denmark
AndoraLithuania
Bosnia & Netherlands
Uzbekistan
Croatia
Bulgaria
Georgia
Montenegro
Kyrgystan Rep.
Herzegovinia Belgium
Belarus
Albania Kosovo
Azerbaijan
Ireland
PolandPortugal
Armenia
Italy
Germany
Macedonia
Spain
LuxembourgCzech Republic
Turkmenistan
TurkeyTajikistan
South
Ukraine
GreeceSlovakia
Korea
Austria Hungary
Japan
Kazakhstan
Moldova
FranceSyria
Malta
Mongolia
Serbia Romania
China
Tunisia MonacoSwitzerlandSlovinia Cyprus
Lebanon
Iran
AfghanistanAndoraBosniaUzbekistan
Croatia
Iraq
Bulgaria
Georgia
West& Bank
& Gaza Israel
MoroccoKyrgystan Rep.
Herzegovinia Montenegro
Albania Kosovo
Azerbaijan
Portugal
ArmeniaKuwait
Italy
Macedonia Jordan
Spain
Turkmenistan
TurkeyTajikistan
South
GreeceNepal Bhutan
Qatar Bahrain Pakistan
Algeria
Korea
Japan
Libya
Syria
Malta Egypt
Cyprus
China
UnitedArab
Tunisian
LebanonSaudi
Iran
Afghanistan
Iraq
West
Bank
&
Gaza
Emerites
Bangladesh
MoroccoIsrael ArabiaaTaiwanIndia
KuwaitJordanNepal Bhutan Myanmar
Hong
Kong
Bahrain
Qatar
Algeria
Pakistan
Lao P.D.R.
Libya
Oman
Mauritania Western
Egypt
United Arab
Niger
Saudi
Mali
Emerites
Bangladesh
ArabiaSaharaChadEritrea
India
ThailandalPhilippines
Rep. of Yemen
Vietnam Taiwan
MyanmarHong Kong
Sudan
Lao P.D.R.
Cambodia
Oman
Mauritania
Cabo VerdeBurkina Faso
Niger
Djibouti
Mali
GuineaChadEritreaThailandSenegal Benin
Philippines
Rep. of Yemen
VietnamNigeria
Sudan
BruneiCentralThe Gambia Ghana
Cambodia
Ethiopia
South
Burkina Faso
Djibouti
Darussalam
African Rep.
Sudan
rra Liberia Guinea- Guinea
Benin
Togo
Malaysia
Cameroon
Nigeriane
BruneiCentralGhana
BissauSomalia
Ethiopia
South
Singapore
Darussalam
AfricanUganda
Rep.
Equitoral
GuineaCotes
Sudan
Sierra Liberia
Maldives
TogoCongo Cameroon
Malaysia
Kenya
Papua Newd’Ivoire
Leone
Somalia
Indonesia
RwandaGabon
UgandaSingapore
Equitoral Guinea
Cotes
Seychelles
Dem. Rep.
Maldives
Congo
Kenya
Papua
New
Guinead’Ivoire
BurundiIndonesia
RwandaGabon
of Congo
Seychelles
Dem. Rep.
Tanzania Burundi
of Congo

AngolaZambiaAngolaTanzania

MalawiEswatini
ZambiaComoros

MayotteMalawiEswatini

Mozambique
Zimbabwe Zimbabwe Mozambique
Namibia

Botswana
NamibiaSouth Africa

RéunionRéunionMauritius
Mauritius

Madagascar
Madagascar

BotswanaSouth AfricaLesotho

Comoros

MayotteAustralia

New

Australia

Lesotho
New Zealand

13

TABLE 1. T otal tonnages for 2018, 2019, 2020, and 2021 reporting periods. Bold figures indicate each Member’sbaseline year. Tonnages have been rounded to three significant figures.

2018

2019

2020

2021

Amcor

2,360,000

2,370,000

Colgate-Palmolive

289,000

279,000

CVS Health
Keurig Dr Pepper

12,100208,000

Kimberly-Clark
McDonald’s

153,000

Procter & Gamble

230,000

230,000

243,000

111,000

106,000

86,400

181,000

156,000

162,000

605,000

609,000

679,000

Starbucks

191,000

133,000

121,000

151,000

The Coca-Cola Company

3,010,000

3,100,000

2,960,000

3,220,000

TABLE 2. C hanges in total tonnage normalized by net sales or units sold since each Member’s baseline year. See
Appendix A for details.
2018

2019

2020

2021

Amcor

Baseline-11.3%

Colgate-Palmolive

Baseline-8.7%

CVS Health
Keurig Dr Pepper

Baseline
Baseline

*

-4.4%

-7.3%

Baseline-7.8%-26.0%

*

+2.8%

+0.8%

Procter & Gamble

Baseline

-4.0%

-0.2%

Starbucks

Baseline

+2.2%

+3.5%

-5.4%

+2.2%

-5.0%

Kimberly-Clark
McDonald’s

The Coca-Cola Company

Baseline

Baseline*Changes are calculated relative to 2019 as the normalization factor was unavailable for the baseline year.

14Results in the following sections are reported in relation

PVC, decreased slightly from 94,200 metric tons (1.4%

to ReSource’s three goals: to eliminate unnecessaryof the portfolio) in 2020 to 91,100 metric tons (1.3%)

plastic, shift to sustainable inputs for remaining plastic,in 2021.

and double global recycling and composting of plastic.
All percentages are by weight of plastic. Portfolios differ• Of this, small plastics, which are defined as being

significantly across ReSource Members, which signifi-

smaller than 2 inches in two dimensions,8 account forcantly influences the average results presented below.

33,100 metric tons (0.5% of the portfolio), down from

Highlights from the aggregate results include:

34,500 metric tons in 2020. For ReSource Members,
small plastics primarily consist of straws, cutlery,• The average use of recycled content across thebeverage stirrers/plugs, and specialty containers.

aggregate portfolio has increased to 10.2% in 2021

These small plastics require testing to be consideredfrom 8.0% in 2020.

recyclable, as small plastics are often not incorporated
into the recycling stream because of their size.9• Problematic plastics (small plastics, PS, and PVC)
account for 1.3% of the aggregate portfolio, a slightdecrease since 2020.
• Based on WWF’s waste management model, 34% of
ReSource Members’ plastic footprint is estimated to berecycled, 9% incinerated, 43% landfilled, and 15%
mismanaged.:

USE OF SUSTAINABLE INPUTS
After taking action to eliminate what is unnecessary,shifting to sustainable inputs for remaining plastic can
improve environmental performance. Sustainable inputs
include recycled content, responsibly sourced biobased
content,10 and other innovative materials in the future.
In this report, recycled content only refers to post-con-

FORM AND POLYMER COMPOSITION

sumer recycled content, unless otherwise specified. Key
findings include:

The ReSource Footprint Tracker includes an analysis ofproduct form and polymer composition (Figure 3). An• Recycled content has increased to 10.2% of theunderstanding of the distribution of forms and polymers

aggregate portfolio in 2021 from 8.0% in 2020. The

used by Members can help inform mitigation actions,use of recycled content ranges from 0.8% to 14.2%

including opportunities to redesign, substitute material

across ReSource Members.

types, and adopt innovative business models to eliminate unnecessary plastic. Key findings include:• 97% of the reported recycled content is in bottles, up
from 96% in 2020.

• Overall, rigid plastics account for 80.6% of plastics
used by ReSource Members, with flexibles accounting
for the remaining 19.4%.

• 33% of recycled content was reported in North
America, 29% in Latin America and the Caribbean, and
26% in Europe and Central Asia.

• PET bottles are the most common packaging type in
the aggregate portfolio at 64.5%, followed by LDPE
other flexibles at 10.2%.

• Biobased content comprises 0.2% of the aggregate
portfolio, down from 0.4% in 2020. The use of
biobased content ranges from 0.0% to 2.1% across• PET and LDPE saw significant increases in 2021, while

ReSource Members.

the “Other” polymer category decreased significantly.
This was primarily driven by Amcor being able to moreaccurately categorize the polymers in its multi-material• In 2021, 65% of the biobased content was specified as
being responsibly sourced.

flexible packaging that were previously categorized as“Other.”• 65% of biobased content is reported in bottles,
followed by 12% from other rigids. In 2020, 80% of• The use of problematic plastics, which for the purposes of this analysis include small plastics, PS, andbiobased content was reported in flexibles and 16%
was reported in bottles.

15

FIGURE 3. Polymer breakdown by form category for ReSource Members’ aggregate portfolio. The Other category
includes anything categorized “Other,” as well as PETG, PVC, LLDPE, PLA, and EVOH, due to low reported
volumes.
5,000,000

PPHDPE

MET RI C T O NS

4,000,000

3,000,000
PET

2,000,000

Other

1,000,000

Bottle

PP

LDPE

PET

ClosureMono-material
film

Other
flexiblen Polypropylene (PP)n High-density
polyethylene (HDPE)

Other

LDPE

PP

0

PP

LDPE
PET

PS

PS
HDPE

Other
rigid

PS

PET

PP

Small
plasticsn Low-density
polyethylene (LDPE)n Polyethylene
terephthalate (PET)n Polystyrene (PS)n Other

TABLE 3. Polymer breakdown by form category for ReSource Members’ aggregate portfolio. The Other category
includes anything categorized “Other,” as well as PETG, PVC, LLDPE, PLA, and EVOH, due to low reported volumes.

16

PET

HDPE

LDPE

PP

PS

Other

Total byForm
Category

Bottle

64.5%

4.4%

0.0%

1.2%

0.0%

0.0%

70.2%

Other flexible

3.0%

0.0%

10.2%

0.8%

0.0%

0.3%

14.3%

Other rigid

1.6%

0.7%

0.6%

4.1%

0.8%

0.9%

8.7%

Mono-material film

0.0%

0.1%

3.6%

1.5%

0.0%

0.0%

5.2%

Closure

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

1.1%

0.0%

0.0%

1.2%

Small plastics

0.1%

0.0%

0.0%

0.2%

0.1%

0.0%

0.5%

Raw material

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

Rigid foam

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

Total by polymer

69.2%

5.3%

14.5%

8.9%

0.9%

1.2%

100.0%

Similarly, the overall waste management outcomes are
FIGURE 4. B reakdown of recycled, biobased, andvirgin content for ReSource Members’
aggregate portfolio.
Biobased content(other)0.1%

Responsibly sourced
biobased content
0.2%

influenced by the fact that 35% of the aggregate footprint is located in the United States, which has a disproportionately high estimated landfill rate (65%) and low
mismanagement rate (2%) compared to the global
average. Despite the relatively low mismanagement rate,
the high sales volume means that the United States isstill among the five countries with the highest estimated

Recycled
content
10.2%

tonnage of mismanaged waste for ReSource Members.
Overall for ReSource Members, the estimated mismanagement and incineration rates are lower than the global
average, while the recycling and landfill rates are higher.
Since 2020, changes in the ReSource Members’ overall
portfolio, including an increase in the proportion of PET

Virgin content
89.5%

and HDPE bottles, have resulted in slight changes to thewaste management outcomes. The share of the portfoliothat was estimated to be recycled increased from 32% in2020 to 34% in 2021, while the other waste management
outcomes decreased slightly.

WASTE MANAGEMENT OUTCOMES

Waste management pathways were further calculated

The waste management pathways are estimated using
WWF’s waste management model and are based on
country-level waste management data and the amounts
and types of plastic sold by Members in each country.
The analysis is intended to help WWF and ReSource
Members identify opportunities in key geographies toeliminate or substitute plastics at high risk of mismanagement, design local recycling or composting infrastructure, and invest in improving waste managementwith the distinction between rigids and flexible plastics(Figure 6). The difference in recycling rates between
rigids (41%) and flexibles (3%) reflects the trend that rigid
plastics, and particularly bottles, which account for 70%of the aggregate portfolio of ReSource Members (up from
67% in 2020), continue to be recycled at a higher rate
than flexible plastics. Meanwhile, flexibles are estimatedto be incinerated, landfilled, and mismanaged at higher
rates than rigids.

systems. Because the analysis is tailored specifically to
ReSource Members and their particular portfolios, theresults will deviate significantly from the overall waste
management situation globally or in specific regions, andthis is an important aspect of the insights provided by
the model.

FIGURE 5. Estimated waste management outcomes for
ReSource Members’ 2021 aggregate plastic footprintcompared to global plastic flow estimates in The Pew
Charitable Trusts and SYSTEMIQ’s Breaking the Plastic
Wave report, including material collected for recycling.13

The estimated recycling rate of ReSource Members’

15%

aggregate plastic footprint remains higher, at 43%, than42%

the global estimate of plastic collected for recycling (14%)
43%reported in The Pew Charitable Trusts and SYSTEMIQ’s
Breaking the Plastic Wave report (Figure 5). This is11

largely due to the aggregate portfolio of ReSource
Members being disproportionately comprised of highly
recyclable plastics, particularly PET bottles (Figure 3). PET

13%

34%

bottles account for 65% of the ReSource portfolio but
only 17% of the global plastic packaging market.12

32%

9%

14%

ReSource Members
n Recyclingn Incineration

Global Averagen Landfilln Mismanagement

17

FIGURE 6. Waste management outcomes for rigid versus flexible plastics for ReSource Members

7,000,000

MET RI C T O NS

6,000,000

5,000,000

4,000,000

1,000,000

13%

39%

7%

24%

41%

57%

0

3%

16%

Rigidsn Recycling

Flexiblesn Incinerationn Landfilln Mismanagement

TABLE 4. E stimated waste management breakdown by region for ReSource Members’ 2021 aggregate plastic footprint.14, 15, 16

REGIONRECYCLING
RATE

INCINERATION
RATE

East Asia & Pacific

42%

7%

15%

36%

Europe & Central Asia

39%

18%

34%

9%

Latin America & Caribbean

41%

0%

49%

10%

Middle East & North Africa

22%

0%

44%

34%

North America

21%

13%

64%

2%

South Asia

51%

0%

6%

44%

Sub-Saharan Africa

36%

0%

17%

47%

18

LANDFILLRATEMISMANAGEDRATEREGIONAL BREAKDOWN

by high PET bottle recycling rates in countries like China,
Japan, and Korea, but also high estimated mismanage-

The likely waste management pathways for plastics byment (36%) driven by the mismanagement rates inregion are aggregated based on ReSource Members’

countries like China, Thailand, and the Philippines. Given

reported plastic volumes by country within set regions

both the relatively large sales volume and high misman-(Figure 7 and outlined in Appendix B). These regional

agement rate, China continues to be the country with

waste management estimates are based on the geo-

the highest estimated total tonnage of mismanaged

graphical distribution of sales and proportions of plastic

waste for ReSource Members.

types within the aggregate portfolio of ReSource
Members and thus are not meant to be representative

There is a similar situation of both high estimated ratesof the end life of plastics across all sectors in theseof recycling and mismanagement in other regions suchregions.

as South Asia and Sub-Saharan Africa. This is driven by ahigh proportion (typically 70%-95%) of the aggregate

Regionally, ReSource Members’ aggregate plastic foot-portfolio in these countries being PET bottles, and ourprint is most heavily concentrated in North America, withmodel having to reconcile both high reported rates of

37% of the total tonnage. Because all Members have a

PET bottle recycling and high rates of mismanagement oflarge presence in North America, this is the region whereplastic. Although true for the results in general, thethere is the most diversity of plastic types in the aggre-

estimates for these regions especially are uncertain due

gate portfolio and thereby where the estimated waste

to limited and often conflicting waste management data

management outcomes more closely resemble regional

and are not representative of the regions’ overall waste

averages.

management situation.

East Asia and Pacific is the second largest region,

For more information about the country-level data andaccounting for 20% of the total tonnage, with China

assumptions informing the waste management model,

being the second largest individual market, accounting

please see the ReSource Footprint Tracker Methodology

for 10%. This region has a relatively high estimated

Overview and the assumptions.

proportion of the portfolio being recycled (42%), driven

FIGURE 7. Estimated waste management outcomes by region for ReSource Members.

2%

2,500,000

n Recyclingn Incinerationn Landfilln Mismanagement

MET RI C T ON S

2,000,000
64%

1,500,000
10%
36%1,000,000
13%

15%

49%

9%
34%

7%

500,000

18%
21%

42%

41%

39%

6%
44%
50%

0
North
America

East Asia& Pacific

Latin America& Caribbean

Europe &Central Asia

South
Asia

17%
47%

Sub-SaharanAfrica

43%

34%

36%

22%

Middle East &North Africa

19

Progress: Principal Members• LDPE decreased from 4.6% in 2019 to 2.7% in 2021.

Because ReSource has been adding new Members every• The proportion of PET has remained relatively consistent but decreased slightly from 81.8% in 2019 toyear, annual changes in the aggregate portfolio are

80.3% in 2021.

generally influenced more by the addition of thesecompanies’ portfolios than by changes in the portfolios• The proportion of polystyrene also decreased fromof existing Members. This makes it difficult to track

1.5% in 2019 to 0.7% 2021.

progress over time, which is why in this section we focus
just on the year-over-year changes for the five Principal

The tonnage of problematic plastic by Principal Members

Members: Keurig Dr Pepper, McDonald’s, Procter &has been declining over the past four reporting periods.

Gamble (P&G), Starbucks, and The Coca-Cola Company.
All percentages are by weight of plastic. Portfolios• In 2018, problematic plastic made up 3.2% (114,000

differed significantly across ReSource Principal Members,

metric tons) of the aggregate portfolio. This decreased

which significantly influenced the average results

to 1.0% (45,200 metric tons) in 2021.

presented below. Note that P&G’s baseline aligned mostclosely with the 2019 reporting year, so the results for• Polystyrene makes up a majority of the reported

2018 only include the remaining four Principal Members.

problematic plastic, with 30,700 metric tons reported
in 2021.

FORM AND POLYMER COMPOSITION
The polymer distribution across the Principal Members’
portfolios has experienced some changes over the four
reporting periods (Figure 8).

FIGURE 8. Tonnages by polymer reported by Principal Members for 2018, 2019, 2020, and 2021 reporting periods. As
P&G’s baseline data are reported for 2019, the other four Principal Members are the exclusive contributors
to the 2018 aggregate data. The Other category includes anything categorized “Other,” as well as PETG,LLDPE, PLA, nylon, PC, PHA, and PVC, due to low reported volumes.
5,000,000
1.5%

4,500,000

1.8%

4,000,000
MET RI C T ON S

3,500,000
3,000,000

0.8%

0.4%

2.4%

3.2%

1.5%

7.0%
4.6%

1.2%
3.3%

0.8%

2.7%

8.8%

0.7%

9.0%
5.8%

5.2%

7.6%
5.8%

2,500,000
2,000,000
1,500,000

80.3%
82.9%

81.8%

80.7%

2018

2019

2020

1,000,000
500,000
0n Polyethylene
terephthalate (PET)20n High-densitynL ow-density
polyethylene (HDPE)
polyethylene (LDPE)n Polypropylene (PP)n Polystyrene (PS)2021
n OtherFIGURE 9. Tonnages by form type reported by Principal Members for 2018, 2019, 2020, and 2021 reporting periods.
As P&G’s baseline data are reported for 2019, the other four Principal Members are the exclusive contributors to the 2018 aggregate data.
5,000,000

0.7%
0.6%

4,500,000
4,000,000

0.1%

0.5%

3,500,000
MET RI C T O NS

3,000,000

1.0%

0.7%

0.7%

0.5%
2.4%

5.5%
5.3%

4.0%

9.3%

1.5%

2.8%

9.0%

3.0%

9.3%

0.4%

5.9%

0.6%

2,500,000
84.0%

2,000,000
1,500,000

83.9%

85.6%

2020

2021

82.6%

1,000,000
500,00002018
n Bottle

2019n Otherrigidn Otherflexiblen Closuren SmallplasticsnM
 ono-materialfilmnR igidfoam

FIGURE 10. T onnages of problematic plastics reported by Principal Members for 2018, 2019, 2020, and 2021 reporting
periods. As P&G’s baseline data are reported for 2019, the other four Principal Members are the exclusive
contributors to the 2018 aggregate data.
120,000

100,000

MET R IC TO N S

80,0002.2%

60,0001.6%

40,000
0.6%

0.3%
0.2%

20,000
0.7%

0

0.6%

2018
n Small plastics

0.1%
0.5%

0.4%

2019

2020

n Small plastics (PVC) n Small plastics (PS)

0.1%
0.3%

2021
n PVCnP
S

21

Sustainable Inputs

Waste Management OutcomesOver the reporting periods, the percentage of sustain-

Among Principal Members, waste management out-

able inputs reported in the portfolios of the Principal

comes have remained consistent since initial reporting

Members also changed (Figure 11).

in 2018 and remain within 1% of the outcomes reported
in 2020. Similar to the pattern observed across all•

Notably, the use of post-consumer recycled content

ReSource Members, the recycling rate among Principal

increased from 8.1% in 2019 (343,000 metric tons)

Members remains higher than the global average, while

to 12.5% in 2021 (559,000 metric tons).

the mismanagement rate remains lower, driven by
portfolio composition and regional volumes as discussed•

Overall, the use of biobased content decreased

above.

from 1.3% (56,000 metric tons) in 2019 to 0.4%
(17,300 metric tons) in 2021.
•

Although the percentage of virgin fossil-based
content decreased from 90.6% in 2019 to 87.1% in
2021, the tonnage of virgin fossil-based plastic
increased by about 35,300 metric tons during thesame period due to an increase in overall tonnage.

FIGURE 11. T onnages by sustainable input reported by Principal Members for 2018, 2019, 2020, and 2021 reporting
periods. As P&G’s baseline data are reported for 2019, the other four Principal Members are the exclusive
contributors to the 2018 aggregate data.
700,000
0.1%

MET RI C T O NS

600,000

Metric tons

0.1%

0.3%

0.3%

500,000
0.1%
400,000

0.2%
0.2%

300,000

0.1%
0.1%

0.1%

0.1%
1.3% 1.3%

12.5%

1.3%1.3%

12.5%
9.9%

200,000

0.1%

8.1%

9.9%

8.1%

7.8%7.8%

100,000

0

2018
2018
Recycled
content
Recycled
content

22

2019
2019

2020

2020

Responsibly
sourcedbiobasedcontent
Responsibly
sourcedbiobasedcontent

2021

2021

Biobasedcontent(other)Biobasedcontent(other)FIGURE 12. T onnages by input reported by Principal Members for 2018, 2019, 2020, and 2021 reporting periods. As
P&G’s baseline data are reported for 2019, the other four Principal Members are the exclusive contributors to the 2018 aggregate data. Individual numbers are rounded, so they may not add up to 100%.

5,000,000
4,500,000
4,000,000
16%

3,000,000
34%
MET RI C TO NS

Metric tons

Metric tons

3,500,000
16%

2,500,000
34%
2,000,000
7%

5,000,000
4,500,000
4,000,000
3,500,000

500,000

Recycling0
20192018

16%

3,000,000
2,500,000
2,000,000

1,000,000
500,000

34%

34%

7%
7%

43%
43%

16%
16%

16%
16%

34%
35%

34%
35%

7%

7%

16%

16%

16

16%

16%

34%

7% 1,500,000
1,500,000
1,000,000
43%
43%

16%

7%

7%

43% 42%43%

7%42%43%

34% 35%

35

35%

7%

7%

7
7%

43% 43%42%

43

2019 2021
20212020

20

0
2018

20192018

2018

2019

20202019

2020

20202019

Recycling
Incinerationn Recyclingn Incinerationn LandfillnMismanagement
IncinerationRecycling
Landfill Incineration
Mismanagement
Recycling
Landfill
Incineration
Mismanagement
Recycling
Landfill
Incineration
Mismanagement
Landfill

LandfillM
Mismanagem

23

Individual Member Footprints & Progress
The following sections explore individual ReSource Members’ footprints; please see Appendix A for summary tables.

Amcor
The data provided by Amcor cover flexible and rigid

INSIGHTS ON AMCOR’S PROGRESS

packaging produced by the company, accounting for an
estimated 83% of the company’s operations. Secondary

To eliminate problematic or unnecessary packaging,packaging, tertiary packaging, and Amcor’s Specialty

Amcor has continued the rollout of Eco-Tite® R, a PVDC-

Cartons business are out of scope for this assessment.

free recyclable shrink bag for meat and cheese, to

The reported data cover the period July 1, 2021, throughadditional product lines and has qualified an alternative toJune 30, 2022.

carbon black for CPET trays in North America to enable
sortation at MRFs.

Key changes to Amcor’s portfolio include:• In 2020, plastic categorized as “other” polymers represented 36.0% of its portfolio. This decreased to 0.03% in
2021, while PET increased from 44.4% to 55.1% and
LDPE increased from 7.1% to 32.8%. This was primarily
due to Amcor being able to more accurately categorize
the polymers in its multi-material flexible packaging.
• The other flexible category decreased from 42.7% in2020 to 36.4% in 2021, while the mono-material film
category increased from 6.4% in 2020 to 11.0% in 2021.

On sustainable inputs, Amcor has increased the usage ofrPET, resulting in 11.6% PCR usage by weight in its rigid
packaging. The company also launched its first PCR PP
product and incorporated PCR into film packaging
products.
Additionally, Amcor has expanded its portfolio of recycle-ready products, increased sales of reusable packaging
by 5% in weight, and launched its first compostable rigids
over the reporting period.

• Amcor increased its use of recycled content from 4.5%
in 2020 to 5.6% in 2021.

AMCOR OVERVIEW & GOALS
Amcor believes that sustainability goes far beyond theused, considering the life cycle impacts of its

products that it makes. Nonetheless, the defining sustain-

packaging, and designing for optimal end-of-use,

ability issue in the packaging industry is minimizing theAmcor continues to demonstrate its leadership inpresence of packaging waste in the environment. This is a

responsible packaging.

challenge and an opportunity. The answer is responsible
packaging, which rests on three pillars—innovating for•

Amcor has committed to increase its use of PCR

product design, collaborating for better waste manage-

resins across its portfolio from a target of 10% byment and recycling infrastructure, and informing for2025 to 30% by 2030.

greater consumer participation.
••

Amcor was the first packaging company to commit

emissions intensity by 60% compared to a 2006

to all its packaging being recyclable or reusable bybaseline and has committed to net zero carbon

2025, and, since making that commitment, it hasemissions by 2050.

gone further. By carefully selecting the raw materials

24

By 2030, Amcor will reduce its greenhouse gas

FIGURE 13. Inputs, form, and polymer distribution of Amcor’s plastic portfolio in 2021.

InputsForm

Polymer

FIGURE 14. Use of sustainable inputs in Amcor’s plastic portfolio from 2020 to 2021.
6.0%

5.0%

0.9%
0.9%

4.0%

5.6%

3.0%

2.0%

5.6%
4.5%
4.5%

1.0%

0.0%
2019
2020
Recycledcontent
content
Recycled

2020
2021
Biobased content
content (other)
Biobased(other)25

Colgate-Palmolive
The data provided by Colgate-Palmolive cover production

INSIGHTS ON COLGATE-PALMOLIVE’S PROGRESS

happening in the company’s facilities, accounting for an
estimated 98% of the company’s operations. Secondary

As of year-end 2021, Colgate-Palmolive has eliminatedand tertiary packaging are included in the reported data.

using PVC in 99.9% of packaging by weight and has

The company’s EltaMD, Filorga, hello, and PCA Skindeveloped plans to exit the remaining uses where there isbusinesses as well as co-packer packaging are out ofa technical challenge related to product safety. The

scope for this assessment. The reported data cover thecompany has also continued to reduce the use of plastic.

period January 1, 2021, through December 31, 2021.

The company reduced the weight of their toothpaste
tubes in Thailand by up to 16% in 2021 through optimizing

Key changes to Colgate-Palmolive’s portfolio include:

the design.

• In 2020, post-consumer recycled content comprised

In 2021, Colgate-Palmolive’s use of post-consumer

10% of Colgate-Palmolive’s plastic inputs. This increased

recycled plastic in packaging reached 14.2%. In 2021, theto 14.2% in 2021.

company used recycled content in about half of the PET
packaging of its Oral, Personal, and Home Care products.

• In 2021, bottles (primarily PET and HDPE) were the mostcommon form category, accounting for 50.2% of

In order to increase the recyclability of its portfolio,

Colgate-Palmolive’s portfolio, down from 51.6% in 2020.

Colgate-Palmolive increased the percentage of clear PETThis was followed by other rigids (primarily PE tooth-plastic bottles from 94% in 2020 to 98% in 2021 andpaste tubes) at 20.3% in 2021, up from 16.9% in 2020.

increased the percentage of toothpaste tubes that arerecognized as recyclable by The Association of Plastic• Colgate-Palmolive’s use of PVC decreased to less than
0.1% in 2021.

Recyclers or Plastics Recyclers Europe from 1% to 7%
between 2020 and 2021.

COLGATE-PALMOLIVE OVERVIEW & GOALSColgate-Palmolive is a caring, innovative growth

Colgate-Palmolive’s 2025 packaging and plastics targets

company reimagining a healthier future for all people,

include:their pets, and our planet. And with the Colgate brand in
more homes than any other, Colgate feels the awesome
responsibility to make sustainability an easy part ofpeople’s lives.
To help fulfill its purpose, in 2020, Colgate launched its•

packaging•sponding targets.

26

Convert all packaging to recyclable, reusable, orcompostable•

2025 Sustainability and Social Impact Strategy with three
key ambitions as well as 11 actions and over 50 corre-

Eliminate unnecessary and problematic plastics in

Reduce new (virgin) plastic by one-third against a
2019 baseline•

Use 25% post-consumer recycled plastic across the
packaging portfolio

FIGURE 15. Inputs, form, and polymer distribution of Colgate-Palmolive’s plastic portfolio in 2021.

InputsForm

Polymer

FIGURE 16. Use of post-consumer recycled content in Colgate-Palmolive’s plastic portfolio from 2020 to 2021.

16.0%

14.0%

12.0%

10.0%

8.0%

14.2%

14.2%
6.0%
10.5%
4.0%

10.5%

2.0%

0.0%
2019
2020

2020
2021
Recycled
content
Recycled
content

27

Keurig Dr Pepper (KDP)
The data provided by Keurig Dr Pepper cover primary,

INSIGHTS ON KEURIG DR PEPPER’S PROGRESS

secondary, and tertiary plastic packaging for the UnitedStates, Mexico, and Canada, which is comprehensive ofOver the reporting period, KDP made progress against its

the company’s wholly owned operations. Franchisedgoal to convert 100% of its entire packaging portfolio to bebottled beverage volumes are out of scope for thisrecyclable or compostable, primarily through design

assessment. The reported data cover the period January 1,

improvements that replaced problematic labels on select2021, through December 31, 2021.

PET bottles. Specifically, KDP used shrink sleeve labels on
its redesigned Snapple 16 oz. and Core Hydration bottles

Key changes to Keurig Dr Pepper’s portfolio include:that are compatible with the PET recycling process.

• In 2018, recycled content comprised 0.3% of Keurig Dr

Progress toward the company’s goal of 25% PCR plastic

Pepper’s portfolio. This increased to 0.4% in 2019 andcontent in packaging by 2025 was primarily the result of

2.0% in 2020, and increased significantly to 11% incompleting the transition of those same Core Hydration,

2021.

16 oz. Snapple, and several Aguafiel varieties to bottles
made of 100% rPET plastic. This reduced the need to use• In 2021, bottles made up 75.2% of Keurig Dr Pepper’s

approximately 57 million pounds of virgin plastic in 2021.17

portfolio, which increased from 68.1% in 2020. Flexibles
saw a decrease from 7.4% in 2020 to 4.8% in 2021.

KDP is also creating and testing innovative packaging
solutions that will further eliminate problematic or• Keurig Dr Pepper has almost completely eliminatedunnecessary plastic packaging. In 2021, KDP partnered

polystyrene from its portfolio (less than 0.1% in somewith packaging manufacturer PAPACKS to accelerate

store display packaging). This is a decrease from 16.0%

development of KDP’s first fully recyclable and/or com-

in 2018 and 0.6% in 2020.

postable paper bottle.

KEURIG DR PEPPER OVERVIEW & GOALSKDP believes that packaging waste—particularly plastic

Keurig Dr Pepper achieved its long-standing goal ofwaste—is a growing global challenge. The company’stransitioning 100% of its K-Cup® pods to recyclable

vision is a circular future in which its packaging is recycled

polypropylene plastic in 2020 and continues to work on

and repurposed to remain in use and out of the environ-the following 2025 sustainable packaging goals:

ment. To accelerate this shift, KDP is focused on smart
design, which involves the absolute reduction of materials
used and the ability to recycle or compost those materials
after use. KDP is also increasingly incorporating recycled•

compostable••

25% post-consumer recycled content used across the
KDP plastic packaging portfolio

recycling infrastructure to ensure valuable recycledmaterials are more readily available.

30% post-consumer recycled content used across the
KDP packaging portfolio

content into its products and packaging to further reducethe company’s virgin plastic footprint, and is investing in

100% of KDP packaging to be recyclable or•

20% virgin plastic reduction across KDP’s plastic
packaging portfolio

28

FIGURE 17. Inputs, form, and polymer distribution of Keurig Dr Pepper’s plastic portfolio in 2021.

InputsForm

Polymer

FIGURE 18. Use of post-consumer recycled content in Keurig Dr Pepper’s plastic portfolio from 2018 to 2021.

14.0%

11.5%

12.0%

10.0%

8.0%

6.0%

11.5%

4.0%
2.0%

2.0%
0.3%
0.3%

0.4%
0.4%

2.0%

2018
2018

2019
2019

2020
2020

0.0%
2021
2021

Recycled
content
Recycled content
29

Kimberly-Clark
The data provided by Kimberly-Clark cover the company’s

INSIGHTS ON KIMBERLY-CLARK’S PROGRESS

global consumer and professional products businesses,
accounting for an estimated 95% of the company’s

Kimberly-Clark continued its work to explore more

operations. Secondary and tertiary packaging are included

sustainable, commercially viable, and scalable alternatives

in the reported data. The company’s feminine care

to fossil fuel-based plastics. One example of how theprimary product wrappers are out of scope for thiscompany is tackling this innovation challenge is through aassessment. The reported data cover the period January 1,

partnership with RWDC Industries, which combines

2021, through December 31, 2021.

Kimberly-Clark’s deep expertise in nonwoven technologies
and resin development with RWDC’s innovative marine-

Key changes to Kimberly-Clark’s portfolio include:• In 2019, recycled content comprised 1.9% ofKimberly-Clark’s portfolio. This increased to 2.5% in2020 and to 3.1% in 2021.
• Driven primarily by a reduction in the bottle and otherrigid categories, polypropylene decreased from 16.9% in2020 to 4.0% in 2021.

and soil-biodegradable biopolymer solutions. This
collaboration could help unlock future innovation andmaterial solutions needed to replace traditional fossil
fuel-based plastics in the company’s hygiene products withmaterials that can be more effectively managed after use.
In 2021, the company further increased the amount of
packaging globally that is reusable, recyclable, or compostable to nearly 84%, as it strives for 100% by 2025.

• LDPE increased from 67.5% in 2020 to 80.3% in 2021,
which was driven by an increase in mono-material films.

KIMBERLY-CLARK OVERVIEW & GOALS
Kimberly-Clark is a global consumer packaged goods

solutions. This is a complex and challenging undertaking

manufacturer that is known for its essential brands thatthat requires incorporation of systems thinking, strategic

include Huggies®, Kleenex®, Cottonelle®, Depend®, andpartnerships, and collaboration from sourcing through toAndrex®. Driven by the company’s purpose to deliver

end-of-life. Five goals support this ambition:

Better Care for a Better World and its global ambition to
uplift the lives of 1 billion people in vulnerable andunderserved communities by 2030, Kimberly-Clark aspires
to develop innovative materials and alternatives to•compostable by 2025•

20% average recycled content across plastic
packaging by 2025

traditional plastics while supporting the development of
the circular economy.

100% of packaging will be reusable, recyclable, or•

50% footprint reduction in new, fossil-fuel-based
plastics by 2030 from a 2019 base year

The company’s strategic focus includes three key areas:
Packaging, Product, and Circular Systems. Kimberly-Clark
is committed to reducing its plastics footprint by 50% by
2030 through reductions, renewables, and recycled
substitutes, or by introducing reusable products or circular30•

75% of material in products will be either biodegradable or recovered and recycled by 2030•

100% of manufacturing waste diverted from landfill
to beneficial uses by the end of 2022

FIGURE 18. Inputs, form, and polymer distribution of Kimberly-Clark’s plastic portfolio in 2021.

InputsForm

Polymer

FIGURE 19. Use of sustainable inputs in Kimberly-Clark’s plastic portfolio from 2019 to 2021.

4.0%

3.5%
1.2%
1.2%

3.0%

2.5%

1.2%

2.0%
3.1%
3.1%

1.5%
2.5%
2.5%

1.0%

1.9%

0.5%

0.0%
2019
2019

2020
2020
Recycled content
Recycled content

2021
2021

Responsibly sourced biobased content
Responsibly sourced biobased content

31

McDonald’s Corporation
The data provided by McDonald’s Corporation coverconsumer-facing plastic packaging in 23 countries representing more than 85% of the company’s global plastic
usage. Pre-packaged items, operational packaging,transport packaging, and Happy Meal® toys are out of
scope for this assessment. The reported data cover theperiod January 1, 2021, through December 31, 2021.
Key changes to McDonald’s Corporation’s portfolio include:• Small plastics accounted for 10.7% of McDonald’s
portfolio in 2021. This is a decrease from 15.5% in 2018
and 11.9% in 2020.
• Biobased content increased from 0.9% in 2020 to 2.0%
in 2021.
• McDonald’s eliminated polystyrene foam packaging fromits global system in 2018. The remaining polystyrene,
which represents 17.0% of the company’s portfolio, is
non-foam rigid polystyrene.
INSIGHTS ON McDONALD’S CORPORATION’SPROGRESS
McDonald’s has been working to reduce small plastic
primary guest packaging that is hard to recycle andunnecessary for safety or functionality. The company has
deployed alternatives to plastic cutlery in several markets,

including transitioning to wooden cutlery in Australia,
Europe, China, and India, leading to a reduction of over
2,600 metric tons of plastic annually. Straw and lid usage
has been reduced in select European and Latin Americancountries through fiber or plastic strawless lids and “uponrequest” programs. For example, in Latin America, Arcos
Dorados—McDonald’s largest developmental licensee—
has removed all lids and straws from cold drinks for dine-in
customers and replaced plastic packaging such as salad
plates with non-plastic alternatives across several markets.
Progress made toward sustainable inputs includes
changing packaging, such as lids, to be made with recycledcontent in some markets. As packaging shifts out of plastic
and into fiber-based packaging, the volume of recycledplastic in McDonald’s portfolio may decrease. By the end of2021, McDonald’s was approximately 82.7% of the way
toward its goal to source all primary guest packaging fromrenewable, recycled, or certified sources by the end of2025.
In the company’s top 35 markets, on average 35% ofrestaurants offered guests the opportunity to recycle
packaging items. In these restaurants, guest packaging iscollected in customer-facing recycling bins or collected forsorting and recycling back-of-house or off-site.

McDONALD’S CORPORATION OVERVIEW & GOALSWith nearly 40,000 locations in more than 100 countries,
McDonald’s is the world’s leading global foodservice
retailer. Approximately 95% of McDonald’s restaurants
worldwide are owned and operated by independent local
business owners.
McDonald’s purpose is to feed and foster communities,
and the company is committed to protecting the planetfor communities today and in the future. The company isdriving climate action and accelerating circular solutions
to help keep waste out of nature, including testing new
packaging and recycling solutions around the globe tohelp reduce packaging, switching to more sustainable
materials, and helping customers recycle. The majority of
McDonald’s global packaging portfolio by weight issustainable fiber (78%), with the remaining comprised ofplastics (22%).

32

In partnership with our Franchisees, suppliers, andproducers, we’re finding innovative ways to reduce
emissions, keep waste out of nature, and preserve natural
resources. McDonald’s uses its global scale to acceleratea circular economy and has made the following key
commitments related to the data disclosed in this report:
1.

Source 100% of McDonald’s primary guest
packaging18 from renewable, recycled, or certified
sources by 2025. This includes an interim goal tosource 100% of primary fiber-based guest packaging from recycled or certified sources where no
deforestation occurs by 2020, which was substantially achieved as of year end 2020.

2.

By the end of 2025, we will implement global andlocal solutions across our business to advance thereduction, reuse, or recycling of guest packaging
and help create demand for recycled materials.

FIGURE 21. Inputs, form, and polymer distribution of McDonald’s plastic portfolio in 2021.

InputsForm

Polymer

FIGURE 22. Use of sustainable inputs in McDonald’s plastic portfolio from 2018 to 2021.
3.0%
0.1%

2.5%

0.1%

2.0%
0.7%

2.0%

0.7%

2.0%

1.5%
2.6%

2.6%

0.9%

1.0%

0.9%

1.5%
1.5%

0.5%
0.6%

0.6%

0.8%
0.8%

0.0%
2018
2018

2019
2019
Recycled content
Recycled
content

2020
2020

2021
2021

Biobased content(other)Biobasedcontent(other)33

Procter & Gamble (P&G)
The data provided by P&G cover the company’s consumer-facing plastic packaging for countries in each region
that total 80% of sales in that region. Secondary andtertiary packaging are out of scope for this assessment.
The reported data cover the period July 1, 2020, throughJune 30, 2021.
Key changes to P&G’s portfolio include:

INSIGHTS ON PROCTER & GAMBLE’S (P&G)
PROGRESS
P&G’s Brands continue to innovate to increase PCR/PIR
content or use bio-derived resins in their packaging. In
2021, Gillette Planet KIND launched with razor handles
made of 60% rPET and shave preparation bottles made of
85% rHDPE.

• Recycled content made up 12.4% of P&G’s portfolio in

In support of P&G’s goal of making 100% of its packaging

2021. This increased from 9.7% in 2020 and 7.4% inrecyclable or reusable by 2030, the company became the2019.

first FMCG company to join the RecyClass initiative.

• HDPE increased from 32.5% in 2020 to 33.6% in 2021.
• Flexible films decreased from 16.0% in 2020 to 12.7% in
2021, while bottles increased from 46.2% in 2020 to56.1% in 2021.

With RecyClass, 12 P&G products across the Oral-B, Tide,
and Ariel brands were recognized and certified as meeting
the RecyClass recyclability criteria. Additionally, P&G’s Ariel,
Lenor, Dash, and Fairy pods/capsule bags are transitioning
from a multi-layer, non-recyclable film to a recyclable film
made of PE, and the company introduced recyclable HDPE
toothpaste tubes for its Crest, Oral-B, and Blend-a-med
brands.

PROCTER & GAMBLE OVERVIEW & GOALS
P&G serves consumers around the world, with brands
including Always®, Ambi Pur®, Ariel®, Bounty®, Charmin®,Crest®, Dawn®, Downy®, Fairy®, Febreze®, Gain®, Gillette®,
Head & Shoulders®, Lenor®, Olay®, Oral-B®, Pampers®,
Pantene®, SK-II®, Tide®, Vicks®, and Whisper®. P&G operates
in approximately 70 countries worldwide.

protection, consumer safety, and GHG emission
benefits. As we assess packaging material and design
choices that drive greater circularity, we are careful tolook at full life cycle implications to help guide ourchoices and avoid unintended consequences.
•

Waste Management Hierarchy: We subscribe to thewaste management hierarchy and as much as
feasible seek to progress our efforts toward thehigher-order and preferred solutions within thehierarchy, starting with source reduction and reuse.

•

Collaboration: The challenge of plastic waste is bigger
than any one company, and we believe collaboration
across the value chain and with civil society andgovernments will be key to driving solutions at scale.
That is one of the reasons why we joined ReSource:
Plastic—it represents an opportunity to work withWWF and industry leaders seeking to drive reporting
tools, which can help better inform where strategicinterventions are needed.

P&G’s Ambition 2030 Environmental Sustainability
program includes a number of goals specific to packaging,including:•

100% recyclable or reusable packaging•

Decreasing our use of virgin petroleum plastic
packaging by 50% compared to 2017 baseline•

Partnering with global organizations to find solutions
to ensure no P&G packaging finds its way to the ocean

As we advance progress against these goals, we are guided
by three overarching principles:•

34

Lifecycle Thinking: Plastic packaging can drive
significant and meaningful benefits such as productFIGURE 23. Inputs, form, and polymer distribution of P&G’s plastic portfolio in 2021.

InputsForm

Polymer

FIGURE 24. Use of post-consumer recycled content in P&G’s plastic portfolio from 2019 to 2021.

14.0%

12.0%

10.0%

8.0%

12.4%
12.4%

6.0%
9.7%
9.7%

4.0%

7.4%

2.0%

0.0%

2019
2019

2020
2020

2021
2021

Recycled
content
Recycled content

35

Starbucks Coffee Company
The data provided by Starbucks cover plastic from directchange the total tonnage of plastic reported in 2019 but

operations and retail stores globally, including licensed

did result in changes in how some packaging was catego-

stores. Reporting includes Evolution Fresh and secondary

rized. The updated 2019 baseline is reported in Appendix

and tertiary packaging. The company’s non-store opera-

A.

tions and consumer packaged goods business are out of
scope for this assessment. The reported data cover theperiod September 28, 2020, through October 3, 2021.

Key changes to Starbucks’ portfolio include;• HDPE increased from 2.8% of Starbucks’ plastic portfolio
in 2020 to 12.5% in 2021.

While Starbucks reported data for 2018, which is includedin the aggregate ReSource data for that year, the company
made significant improvements to its inventory methodol-• Biobased content increased from 0.9% in 2020 to 1.6%
in 2021.

ogy the following year and therefore uses 2019 as its
baseline for tracking individual progress. Starbucks made• The reported percentage of small plastics decreased
from 2.5% in 2020 to 1.6% in 2021.

further improvements to its inventory methodology in
2022 and therefore updated its 2019 baseline to ensurecomparability when tracking progress. The update did not

STARBUCKS OVERVIEW & GOALS
Aligning with its organizational vision, Starbucks is looking

Water: 50% of water withdrawal will be conserved or
replenished across our direct operations, stores,that we must challenge ourselves, think bigger, and do

packaging, and agricultural supply chain from FY19

much more in partnership with others to take care of thebase year.

planet we share. In January 2020, we announced ourcommitment to pursue a bold, multi-decade aspiration to
become resource positive and give more than we takefrom the planet.
Starbucks has set targets for 2030:•

Carbon: 50% absolute reduction in scope 1, 2, and 3
greenhouse gas emissions representing all ofStarbucks’ direct operations and value chain from
FY19 base year.

36•

ahead with a heightened sense of urgency and conviction•

Waste: 50% reduction in waste sent to landfill fromstores (including packaging that leaves stores) anddirect operations from FY19 base year, driven by abroader shift toward a circular economy.

This is an aspiration that we take on recognizing it will
come with challenges and will require transformationalchange. We also know that leadership in sustainability
takes commitment, investment, innovation, and partnership, and so we are excited to work with WWF and the
ReSource: Plastic Members to reduce plastic waste.

FIGURE 25. Inputs, form, and polymer distribution of Starbucks’ plastic portfolio in 2021.

InputsForm

Polymer

FIGURE 26. Use of sustainable inputs in Starbucks’ plastic portfolio from 2019 to 2021
7.0%

6.0%

0.9%
0.9%

0.7%
0.7%

1.6%
1.6%

5.0%

4.0%

3.0%

5.6%
5.6%

5.6%
5.6%
4.6%
4.6%

2.0%

1.0%

0.0%
2019
2019

2020
2020

Recycledcontent
content
Recycled

2021

Biobasedcontent(other)(other)Biobased content

37

INSIGHTS ON STARBUCKS’ PROGRESSIn 2021, Starbucks reintroduced personal reusable cups and For Here Ware in
most markets after removing the option due to COVID-19, though less than 1% of
beverages sold were in reusable cups. Starbucks is testing different levels offinancial incentives for customers who bring their personal cups as well as
disincentive charges for single-use cups to learn what can increase reusable cup
usage at Starbucks. The company is also aggressively testing and learning from
Borrow-A-Cup programs across the globe, including stores in Seattle, Japan,
Germany, France, United Kingdom, Singapore, Taiwan, and Korea. These Borrow-ACup tests gave customers the option to receive their beverage in a reusable cup
and return it at a participating store’s contactless kiosk. Starbucks plans to fully
discontinue single-use cups in all stores across South Korea by 2025 and will
gradually introduce cup-share programs across the market to encourage reuse;
single-use cups currently make up 95,000 metric tons of the plastic portfolio inSouth Korea. Additionally, Starbucks announced that it will introduce a uniquereusable Cup-Share program in all 3,840 stores in Europe, Middle East, and Africa
by 2025.
In an effort to incorporate recycled plastic into the company’s packaging, Starbucks
announced that all stores in Indonesia will gradually transition to cold cups madewith rPET, eliminating the equivalent of over 200,000 kilograms of virgin plastic per
year across over 460 stores. In 2022, the company also introduced 100% rPET
Ethos water bottles in U.S. and Canada markets. As part of achieving the company’s goal of eliminating fossil fuel-derived plastic straws, Starbucks also replaced its
traditional plastic straw with one made from a plant-based material, polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA), in the U.S. in 2021.
In partnership with Closed Loop Partners and the NextGen Consortium, Starbucks
continues its work toward its goal to develop 100% compostable and recyclable
hot cups, continuing research and development on new cup liner technologies. In
the last year, seven new cities in the U.S. have joined the list of major markets
where Starbucks paper coffee cups are recyclable.

38

The Coca-Cola Company
The data provided by The Coca-Cola Company cover

longer included and have been removed from theconsumer-facing plastic packaging for allcompany’s 2018-2020 data. The updated results for these

The Coca-Cola Company’s operating units and franchise

years are reported in Appendix A.

bottlers. Secondary packaging, tertiary packaging, beverage cartons, fountain cups, and packaging items with

Key changes to The Coca-Cola Company’s portfolio

volumes over 3 liters or 3 kilograms are out of scope forinclude:this assessment. The reported data cover the period
January 1, 2021, through December 31, 2021.
Beverage cartons were previously included in
The Coca-Cola Company’s data for 2018 through 2020.
However, due to data availability constraints, the reported
tonnage included the entire weight of the cartons rather
than just the weight of the plastic. To avoid overestimating• In 2021, 13.6% of The Coca-Cola Company’s portfolio
was recycled content. This increased from 8.7% in 2018
and 11.2% in 2020.
• PET bottles made up nearly 100% of
The Coca-Cola Company’s portfolio, which is a slightincrease from 2020.

this portion of the company’s portfolio and to ensure• Flexibles, which consist of LDPE pouches, made up lessconsistency with the data reported to the New Plastics

than 0.1% of The Coca-Cola Company’s portfolio, a slight

Economy Global Commitment, beverage cartons are no

decrease from 2020.

THE COCA-COLA COMPANY OVERVIEW & GOALSThe Coca-Cola Company’s vision of a World Without Waste
guides their approach to this topic. They work to reducethe impact of packaging waste on the environment
through partnerships with bottling partners, NGOs,
regulators, retailers, local communities, and competitors.
The development of more complete data and metrics is
critical to advancing this work. In January 2018, The
Coca-Cola Company established three fundamental goals:
1. Make 100% of their packaging recyclable globally by
2025—and use at least 50% recycled material intheir packaging by 2030.
2. Collect and recycle a bottle or can for each one soldby 2030.

In 2020, The Coca-Cola Company added the goal to:
4. Reduce use of virgin plastic derived from non-renewable sources by a cumulative 3 million metric tons
by 2025.
In early 2022, The Coca-Cola Company announced anindustry-leading goal to significantly boost its use of
reusable packaging:
5. By 2030, the company aims to have at least 25% of
all beverages globally by volume across its portfolioof brands sold in refillable/returnable glass or plastic
bottles, or in refillable containers through traditional
fountain or Coca-Cola Freestyle dispensers.

3. Bring people together to support a healthy, debris-free environment.

39

FIGURE 27. Inputs, form, and polymer distribution of The Coca-Cola Company’s reported plastic portfolio in 2021.

InputsForm

Polymer

FIGURE 28. Use of sustainable inputs in The Coca-Cola Company’s plastic portfolio from 2018 to 2021.
16.0%

0.4%
14.0%

12.0%

10.0%

0.1%
0.1%

0.1%

0.1%

1.5%
1.5%

1.7%
1.7%

8.0%
13.6%
6.0%

4.0%

8.7%

9.3%
9.3%

2018
2018

2019
2019

8.7%

11.2%

11.2%

13.6%

2020
2020

2021
2021

2.0%

0.0%

Recycled content
content
Recycled40

Responsibly
sourced biobased
biobasedcontent
content
Responsibly sourced

Biobased
Biobased content
content (other)

0.4%

INSIGHTS ON THE COCA-COLA COMPANY’S PROGRESSIn 2021, The Coca-Cola Company avoided almost half a million tons of virgin plastic
usage through lightweighting, recycled plastic, and renewable material efforts. The
company now offers beverages in 100% rPET bottles (excluding caps and labels) inapproximately 30 markets, and four markets in Europe use 100% rPET bottles(excluding caps and labels) for their entire plastic packaging portfolio. Coca-Cola
Europacific Partners (CCEP) introduced a lighter-weight PET bottle neck design inGermany, which contributed to a reduction of 2,500 metric tons, with other markets
to follow. In October 2021, The Coca-Cola Company unveiled a first-ever prototype
bottle made from 100% plant-based plastic (excluding the cap and label) that has
been made using technologies that are ready for commercial scale. This should
ultimately result in increased use of renewable material, though there has been adecline in the past few years due to more priority being placed on recycled materialuse. Additionally, as of the end of 2021, The Coca-Cola Company had transitioned
Sprite to clear bottles in 47 markets to enhance the sorting and recycling process(with another 70-plus markets slated for conversion in 2022).
Building on the 2020 launch of the company’s first label-less bottle for I LOHAS in
Japan, South Korea launched the first label-less Coca-Cola PET plastic bottle andBonaqua launched its first label-less bottle in Hong Kong. Since labels have to be
removed prior to recycling in these markets, these innovations make the packaging
easier to recycle.
Globally, The Coca-Cola Company has increased its focus on refillable packaging
through a number of initiatives, including piloting a digital solution in Brazil and Chile
for the returnable bottle exchange process through virtual coupons; introducing
reusable cups with microchip technology for Coca-Cola Freestyle machines in themeparks, on university campuses, and on cruise ships in the United States; and offering
three of its most popular brands in Germany—Fanta Orange, Sprite, and Mezzo
Mix—as soda syrups for consumers to prepare drinks at home by adding carbonated water.

41

New Member Baselines

CVS Health
The data provided by CVS Health cover plastic in primary

INSIGHTS ON CVS HEALTH’S PROGRESS

packaging for the company’s Store Brand products in the
United States. Secondary and tertiary packaging, as well as

In 2021, CVS Health piloted reusable bag rental systems in

the company’s Retail Pharmacy, Distribution Centers, Mail

California and New Jersey to encourage customers to use

Order Pharmacy, and Long-Term Care Pharmacy busi-

a reusable bag rather than a single-use bag at checkout.

nesses are out of scope for this assessment. The reported

The company also launched a “Skip the Bag” campaign,

data cover the period January 1, 2021, through December

which includes a message on in-store radio encouraging

31, 2021.

customers to skip a bag if they do not need one. CVS
Health also piloted an aluminum pill bottle at a CVS

Key insights from CVS Health’s baseline:

Pharmacy location in Wellesley, MA.

• CVS Health’s portfolio uses 1.6% recycled content.

In support of the company’s goal of all Store Brand• 51.8% of CVS Health’s portfolio is PET bottles, and 17.0%
is HDPE bottles. Other rigids make up 12.0% of theportfolio, and flexibles make up 6.6%.
• Small plastics, PS, and PVC make up 1.8%, 0.4%, and1.1% of CVS Health’s portfolio, respectively.

packaging being 100% reusable, recyclable, compostable,
or able to be returned for proper disposal at end of life,
CVS Health has continued to expand How2Recycle
labeling on Store Brand products and is exploring options
to offer takeback pill bottles and convert them into
reusable material.

CVS HEALTH OVERVIEW & GOALS
CVS Health has set the following sustainable packaging goals:•

Ensure all packaging for Store Brands products is 100% reusable, recyclable, compostable, or can be returned to
us for proper disposal at the end of life by 2030•

Reduce single-use virgin plastic in Store Brand packaging by 50% by 2030•

By 2023, define a list of packaging to be designated as problematic or unnecessary and take measures to eliminate
them by 2030

42

FIGURE 29. Inputs, form, and polymer distribution of CVS Health’s reported plastic portfolio in 2021.

InputsForm

Polymer43

Maximize
Recommendations for Action
Building on the findings from past years of reporting, this section reflects on the action taken
between our inaugural report and now, with the goal of refining and adding to recommendations
made previously. Overall, the focal areas identified in Transparent 2020 and Transparent 2021
remain largely relevant, with some issues seeing more progress than others. Furthermore, theconvergence of private sector initiatives and policy advances has sharpened the focus of many
initiatives.

44

Updates to Transparent 2021
Recommendations
ELIMINATING UNNECESSARY PLASTIC THROUGH
BUSINESS MODEL INNOVATION, REDUCTION, AND
SUBSTITUTION
Overall, total tonnage of plastic used increased bothbecause of the addition of ReSource Members andincreased sales volumes after the COVID-19 pandemic.
Several ReSource Members decreased their plastic use
intensity, with the full range being +3.5% to -26%,
normalized by net sales or units sold since their baseline

2020. Collaborative efforts across key markets and on
specific materials are beginning to impact availability ofrecycled material, providing a proof point for this work’svalue in reaching recycled content goals. However,addressing the incentive structure keeping fossil virginplastic inexpensive and easier to source remains a key
barrier to progress and will require action beyond
corporate actors.
Notably, biobased content decreased from 0.4% ofMembers’ portfolios to just 0.2% from 2020 to 2021.
However, in contrast, several Members reported
innovative projects to increase biobased content during

year.

this same time period. This is due in part to fluctuations

Small plastics, which include utensils, coffee stirrers, andinfluenced by the lead time necessary to bring innova-

straws that are typically less than 2 inches in two
dimensions, were identified as an important opportunity
to eliminate difficult-to-recycle plastic or test for theirability to be sorted and recovered in recycling processes.
Overall, small plastics were reduced from the 2020
reporting year by 1,500 metric tons, continuing the trend

in the price and availability of biobased materials andtions into production. Responsibly sourced biobased
plastic is important to the long-term strategies of several
ReSource Members; notably, biobased plastic has a roleto play in applications where there is not currently aclear path to be able to use recycled content. It will also
be critical in instances when the properties of a novel

identified in Transparent 2021.

biobased plastic are advantageous—for example, when

Members also reported a wide range of pilots in reuseproduct contamination but could be composted.

a pack would not be able to be recycled because of

programs as part of their operations in 2021. Examples
include The Coca-Cola Company’s collaboration with
Loop for reusable packaging, CVS Health’s pilot of a

DOUBLING GLOBAL RECYCLING AND COMPOSTINGOF PLASTIC

reusable bag rental system in California, and Starbucks’
Borrow-A-Cup and Cup-Share programs in several

Continuing the trend from Transparent 2021, problematic

markets. Collective action efforts on reuse continue toplastic continues to shrink as a proportion of Members’

create alignment on definitions and measurement, as

portfolios, decreasing from 94,200 metric tons (1.4% of

well as advance opportunities for pilots and collabora-

the portfolio) in 2020 to 91,100 metric tons (1.3%) intion. Reusable packaging remains a key opportunity for2021. This decrease is smaller in magnitude than in

Members, especially as it begins to scale in availability.

previous years, reflecting the reality that as this volume

An important next step on the road to scaling is togets smaller, it also gets more difficult to eliminate what

report on metrics related to reuse pilots in a systematic

remains. Eliminating problematic polymers and compo-

and comparable way.

nents is important for aligning portfolios with theanticipated future conditions of waste management

SHIFTING TO SUSTAINABLE INPUTS FORREMAINING PLASTIC

systems, bringing together design changes and broader

Increasing the use of recycled content is a priority, as it isproblematic plastic is an important tactic even though it

key to building circular systems for plastic and incentivizing its collection and recycling. Among ReSource’s
Principal Members, recycled content increased from
8.1% in 2019 (343,000 metric tons) to 12.5% in 2021
(559,000 metric tons). For all Members, recycled content
is 10.2% of the aggregate portfolio, up from 8.0% in

systems changes to achieve a common vision for a
future material system. For this reason, eliminating
does not drive high volumes of reduction.
As outlined in previous reports, the availability ofrecycled materials does not match the demand set bycompanies to meet their sustainability goals. Increasing
availability of recycled content is a key intervention, and45

ReSource Members are engaged in many collective action

the measures that best mitigate it, and a pilot to under-

efforts to scale collection and recycling of plastic, varying

stand the composting operating conditions that support

with each Member’s portfolio—matching the formats,the disintegration of various certified compostable

geographies, and polymers that are most relevant topackaging. The U.S. Plastics Pact’s Composting Work-them. Notably, progress has been made in the key

stream is developing guidance on the design of com-geography of the U.S., where ReSource Members’

postable packaging to ensure that compostable items

volumes are highest and landfill rates are also high.

brought to market align with the developing organics
collection and processing system in the U.S.

Increasing recycling of PP is an important priority forseveral ReSource Members. Since its launch, the Polypropylene Recycling Coalition, led by The Recycling Partnership and funded by ReSource Members Keurig Dr Pepper
and Procter & Gamble and members of the NextGen
Consortium, has awarded grants to 30 recycling facilities,
increasing the amount of PP recovered in the U.S. by an
estimated 36 million pounds annually, and improved
access to polypropylene recycling for over 27 million
Americans.
Another initiative to increase recycling in the U.S. focuseson PET bottles, the most common item in the ReSource
Members’ aggregate plastic footprint. ReSource has
engaged with the American Beverage Association (ABA),
which is strengthening community recycling programs
through its Every Bottle Back initiative to increase thecollection of PET bottles and decrease the industry’s useof new plastic. The Every Bottle Back initiative is investingin improved recycling infrastructure and consumer
education in key areas of the country, with commitments
to 26 communities to date that are projected to yield
719 million more pounds of PET over 10 years.
Collective action on composting systems remains lessmature than on recycling, but the role of composting in
addressing packaging waste is coming into sharper
focus. In the U.S., two collaborations launched in 2021:
Closed Loop Partners’ Composting Consortium and the
U.S. Plastics Pact’s composting workstream. Since its
launch, Closed Loop Partners’ Composting Consortium
has published a brief that outlines initial priority steps tocreate a more resilient composting system in the U.S.
and has focused on working with the composting
industry, consumer goods manufacturers, brands andretailers, environmental groups, and academics to scopeand design three pilots, which will launch at the end of2022. The pilots include an effort to understand effective

DATA IMPROVEMENT AND HARMONIZATIONReSource has called for collaboration to fill key data gaps
and improve data confidence levels. As the list of
stakeholders interested in understanding the state of
the plastic waste crisis expands to include investors,
financial institutions, and policy makers, this call to action
is more relevant than ever.
Increasing stakeholder interest is driving more companies to measure their plastic footprints and driving
demand to see voluntary measurement systems, like the
ReSource Footprint Tracker, feed into the development
of disclosure frameworks that are embedded in established financial disclosure systems.
The Global Treaty on Plastic Pollution, which the United
Nations began negotiations on in late 2022, has thepotential to set an important high-level framework for
information, especially for country-level reporting anddisclosures. Furthermore, a collaborative effort to createa standardized plastic disclosure framework for theprivate sector was announced in fall 2022 by CDP, The
Pew Charitable Trusts, Minderoo Foundation, and theEllen MacArthur Foundation.19 Both developments are
exciting steps toward the consistent and standardized
reporting process that ReSource has long called for.
It is critical that these efforts build upon existing work tocreate convergence and alignment rather than duplicating efforts and/or proliferating methods that may not becompatible with one another. Building on current work
avoids costly duplication, leverages the learnings fromleaders and early adopters, and provides value andfeasibility proof points to those being asked to participate in these systems.

ways to design and label compostable packaging to

The ReSource Footprint Tracker allows key actors to

reduce contamination in all waste streams, a study toalign on metrics for success and identify targeted

understand contamination in the organics streams andinterventions across the global landscape. In the spirit of46

driving transformational change, in late 2020 theaddress their individual plastic footprints today, busi-

ReSource Footprint Tracker methodology was released

nesses will better align themselves for greater systemic

as an open access publication. Data improvement andchanges down the line.

harmonization will continue to be a priority for ReSource
moving forward, including collaborating to ensure a
successful evolution of reporting tools and disclosure
frameworks for corporate plastic footprints and coun-

ADVOCATING FOR CONTINUED ENGAGEMENTFROM STAKEHOLDERS, POLICY MAKERS, AND
OTHER CORPORATIONS

try-level waste management reporting.
While companies can make meaningful progress to

Additional Opportunities for Impact
TARGETING FACTORS WITHIN IMMEDIATE
BUSINESS CONTROL
While addressing the root cause of the plastic pollution
crisis will require fixing a broken system, there are still
many actions that companies can take within their own
operational control to make a significant impact.
Businesses have direct control over design choices, andamong ReSource Members, the factors that fall within theimmediate ability of the company to address areunderstandably the fastest to show progress.
For example, McDonald’s targeted small plastics within
their portfolio this year through several key decisions,such as eliminating plastic straws and lids from cold
drinks for dine-in in Latin America and beginning tophase out plastic straws in China. Similarly, Starbucks
announced plans to fully discontinue single-use cups inall stores across South Korea by 2025. Members also
looked toward using alternative materials to improverecyclability; for example, Amcor began using analternative material for carbon black CPET trays in North
America.
Overall, Members were able to make the most significant
changes when targeting areas within their control. This
trend is not surprising yet is indicative of a larger issue:that without the proper enabling frameworks for
systemic change in place, corporate action is inherently
limited in scope and does not address the root of the
global plastic pollution crisis. However, companies
should not wait for regulation to catch up in order todrive action; instead, they should strive to address
problem areas in their own portfolios, referencing
guidance from the collaborations most relevant to theirindustries and geographies. By identifying what immediate steps can be taken and then following through toaddress plastic pollution through individual action,achieving broader goals will require advocating for
wide-scale holistic change. Business holds an immense
power of influence that can be leveraged to help movethese necessary changes forward through advocacy andengagement with stakeholders, policy makers, and othercorporations. Importantly, policy change at local,
regional, national, and international levels can help
Members achieve higher rates of recycled content andmaterials recovery and reduce mismanagement. It canalso unlock incentives for circular solutions like reuse orother innovative delivery systems.
Business has an important role to play to help drive
systemic change. By leveraging their critical influence,businesses can vocally advocate for significant policy
advancements on the horizon. Notably, within the
United States there is an ongoing push for a national
policy on extended producer responsibility. As a result ofcontinued advocacy from NGOs, businesses, and otherstakeholders to build support, Colorado enacted theUnited States’ first full extended producer responsibility
legislation in June 2022. Businesses now must keep the
drumbeat of support going in order to replicate thissuccess in other states, ensuring that the United States
adopts one harmonized strategy, rather than individualstate plans that do not complement one another.
With the ongoing negotiation of the United Nations
global instrument to address plastic pollution, businesses are needed more than ever to advocate for anambitious and effective outcome. ReSource calls upon all
its Members, as well as companies around the world, tomake their support known throughout the treaty
drafting and implementation process. Mobilizing
corporate support for the global treaty and rallying otherbusinesses to join the call will be critical in the coming
years. In partnership with the Ellen MacArthur Foundation, WWF convenes the Business Coalition for a Global
Plastics Treaty, which brings together businesses and47

financial institutions committed to supporting thedevelopment of a UN treaty that is ambitious, effective,
and legally binding.
DESIGNING PORTFOLIOS TO MEET A FUTURE
VISION
Both individual action and advocacy must be pursued inparallel if the plastic pollution crisis is to be addressed ata timescale that is meaningful for people and nature.
This inherently requires working within uncertainty, but
collaboration is an important mechanism to lessen thisuncertainty and create clear decision paths. For
example, companies can reference the U.S. Plastics
Pact’s list of problematic and unnecessary plastic when
deciding what to prioritize for reduction efforts andparticipate in efforts like the Polypropylene Recycling
Coalition that aim to create viable circularity pathways
for priority materials.
Ultimately, businesses should not limit their strategies or
ambitions to what they can achieve alone or what isrequired by current policy. Instead, a comprehensive
vision of how their portfolios will fit within a future
landscape of improved waste management systems andoptimized incentives and policies is needed, along withadvocacy designed to advance this vision.

48

49

Multiply
Collaborating for Change
ReSource aims to multiply impact by strategically aligning and converging efforts across platforms
to match action to the scale of the plastic waste crisis. Since the publication of Transparent 2020,
ReSource has aligned with several key initiatives to harmonize efforts and drive scale, prioritizing
issues identified as needing collective action to overcome barriers to change.
WWF and ReSource Members collaborate on the Reuse Portal, facilitated by the Global Plastic
Action Partnership. The Reuse Portal is a one-stop-shop collaboration platform that aims to scalereuse solutions that address plastic pollution, providing practical guidance, tools, and networks
to businesses, policy makers, activists, and citizens. The Reuse Portal launched in phases over2022. ReSource also collaborates with Consumers Beyond Waste (CBW), which works to advance
more responsible models of consumption for the benefit of business and society. This year, a key
project is the development of a reuse accounting framework. There is currently no consensus for
how to measure, account for, or report on reusable packaging. Developing a standard methodology will help companies understand the impacts of reuse systems on their packaging portfolios
and measure progress toward sustainability goals.

50

ReSource leverages the ReSource Footprint Tracker within

In light of the United Nations vote in favor of a legally

the U.S. Plastics Pact to scale transparent and consistentbinding resolution to address plastic pollution to bemeasurement of plastic packaging across the United States.

implemented by 2024, supporting the upcoming global

The U.S. Plastics Pact remains focused on bringing together

plastics treaty is also a top priority. In partnership with thestakeholders across the value chain to implement solutions

Ellen MacArthur Foundation, WWF convenes the Businessthat help ensure that plastic packaging can be reused,

Coalition for a Global Plastics Treaty to bring together

refilled, recycled, or composted and to shift the nation

businesses and financial institutions committed to advocat-

toward a circular economy. The ReSource Footprint Tracker

ing for the final treaty to be ambitious and effective as itis being used as the U.S. Plastics Pact’s measurement tool

moves from draft to implementation in the coming years.

for annual progress tracking of the more than 100 organizations, setting a path forward to meet ambitious targets by
2025. An aggregate plastic footprint baseline report for all
U.S. Pact “Activators” was published in March 2022, with afirst progress report to be published in early 2023. This
year, the ReSource Footprint Tracker has also been
employed by the Canada Plastics Pact to measure yearover-year progress for all Canada Plastics Pact Partners,
broadening the Tracker’s uptake and increasing harmonization of reporting metrics across North America.
ReSource continues to hold a thought leadership partnership with the Bioplastic Feedstock Alliance (BFA), whichenables ReSource to benefit from the BFA’s existing work tobring a science-based perspective to the sourcing of
biobased plastic and its role in circular systems. The BFA’s
Methodology for the Assessment of Bioplastic Feedstocks was
updated in February 2022 to reflect updated science,
integrate a climate resilience lens, and ensure the methodology is applicable to emerging bioplastic feedstocks.
Implementation of effective policy is an important lever totransform our material system, and advocacy for effective
policy is emerging as a key tactic for change in somegeographies. To that end, WWF published the U.S. Policy
Guidance for Circular Economy in June 2022 to createalignment around key terms and offer guidance on how
policy can enable a circular economy in the United States.
This report elaborates on the work of WWF’s OneSource
Coalition, which launched in the U.S. in 2021. The coalitionis supported by a group of signatories that support
principles of national extended producer responsibility,
environmental justice, and international leadership toreimagine our linear economies. In 2022, OneSource
Coalition was represented on a radio media tour explaining
the impact of plastic pollution and potential action, reaching
more than 8 million listeners.

51

52

Conclusion
As the third installment of ReSource’s public report and the second progress report for our Principal Members
baseline analysis, Transparent 2022 is a proof point for the value of measurement in effectively addressing theplastic waste crisis. The ReSource Footprint Tracker outcomes featured in Transparent 2020 and elaborated
on in Transparent 2021 put a spotlight on the need for the Principal Members to target problematic and small
plastics and to adopt reuse systems as a strategy to curb single-use plastic. Two years later, this trend
remains true and continues to be a source of substantial progress, demonstrating the power of data-driven
interventions. Consistent with previous years, the limited availability of high-quality and food-grade recycledcontent continues to be a barrier and impedes companies’ ability to shift their portfolio to sustainablesources.
While the results of Transparent 2022 highlight the significant impact that companies can have when they work
to make changes within their own portfolios, they also prove the need for larger systemic change. Whilecollaborative action has moved the needle for some plastics in certain regions, larger enabling frameworks will
be needed to impact global systemic change so that plastic packaging circularity can be realized. To solve theplastic pollution crisis at the scope and scale that the planet needs, action must be taken to address thebroken system that is at the root of the issue. By leveraging their immense influence, businesses can advocate
for smart plastic policy on the national and global levels that will drive the necessary system change and allow
their actions to have an even wider impact. In the meantime, companies should continue their internal workand begin designing their portfolios and business models in anticipation of a changing plastic landscape. The
work that is being done today will serve as the foundation for future mechanisms and policies to address
plastic pollution and raise the bar for further corporate ambition.
Progress is also subject to externalities; as highlighted in Transparent 2021, COVID-19 continues to disrupt
business supply chains and action plans. COVID-19 is still impacting people around the world, and theuncertainty and disruption it has brought with it are still important factors going into 2023. Looking forward,
there is a need to understand the ways in which the pandemic has shaped and changed opportunities foraction on plastic waste. It will likely still be months, or even years, before we get a full perspective on how
COVID-19 has changed the way we live our lives, including its effects on supply chains and how people shopand make decisions about products. As this picture develops, it’s critical to seize new strategic opportunities
to address the plastic waste crisis that may not have been relevant or feasible before this shift.
While ReSource: Plastic is working to understand data gaps in plastic waste management, including mismanaged plastic waste, a global response is needed to fill those data gaps, enact national waste managementmonitoring, and support infrastructure and system development where plastic recovery is lacking or nonexistent. In this light, the United Nations took a historic step in March 2021, when 175 member states voted infavor of a legally binding global treaty to address plastic pollution. While the final scope and scale of the treaty
are currently being negotiated, this resolution has the potential to transform how governments and theprivate sector respond to plastic waste.
53

Glossary
Advanced Materials

rather a potential volume that is not adequately

Advanced materials are those that are sustainably

managed and has the potential to enter ecosystems.

produced, mitigate climate change, and reduce the riskof fossil depletion. This term typically captures futurematerials innovations that are currently in the design
stage or at a very small scale. We align with the Roundtable for Sustainable Biomaterials’ Advanced ProductsStandard.

Mono-material Film
Mono-material film is a flexible material that contains
only one polymer and no non-plastic materials and is not
multilayered. It includes mono-material stretch andshrink films and mono-material film bags and sacks thatare suited for recycling.

BottleA bottle is a form of rigid packaging having a comparatively narrow neck or mouth with a closure and usuallyno handle.

Shrink Film
Shrink film is a plastic material that shrinks in size whenheated to conform to the item(s) packaged.

Source: ISO 21067: 2007

Source: ISO 21067: 2016

ClosureStretch Wrap

Closures include caps and closures that would be left on
containers going to recycling. Caps/closures that would
be disposed of separately from the primary container
would fall under small plastics (problematic to recycle asseparate components due to size).
Compostable
Packaging or a packaging component is compostable if it
is in compliance with relevant international compostability standards and if its successful post-consumer
collection, (sorting), and composting are proven to workin practice and at scale.
Source: EMF Global Plastics Commitment

Durable Goods
Durable goods are products with a life span of three
years or more.
Source: US Environmental Protection Agency

Mismanaged Waste
We follow the definition of mismanaged waste outlined
by Jambeck et al. (2015): “material that is either litteredor inadequately disposed.” Mismanaged waste typically
includes uncontrolled landfills and open dumps, wastethat is not collected, and waste that is littered. Thus, thisvalue is not how much plastic enters the ocean, but

54Stretch wrap is a material that elongates when applied
under tension and which, through elastic recovery,
conforms to item(s) packaged.
Source: ISO 21067:2016

Other Flexible
Other flexible includes multi-material/laminate films.
Other Rigid
The “other rigid” category is used to capture rigids thatare not classified as bottles, closures, foamed rigids, or
small plastics.
Recyclable
Packaging or a packaging component is recyclable if its
successful post-consumer collection, sorting, andrecycling are proven to work in practice and at scale. A
package is considered recyclable if its main packaging
components, together representing greater than 95% of
the entire packaging weight, are recyclable according tothis definition, and if the remaining minor components
are compatible with the recycling process and do nothinder the recyclability of the main components.
Source: EMF Global Plastics Commitment

Recycled Content

Sustainable Plastic Inputs

Recycled content is post-consumer recycled content andSustainable plastic inputs as referred to throughout thisdoes not include pre-consumer recycled content.

report include recycled content, responsibly sourced• Post-consumer recycled content is defined as thebiobased content, and advanced materials.

proportion, by mass, of post-consumer recycledmaterial in a product or packaging.
• Pre-consumer recycled content is defined as material
diverted from the waste stream during a manufacturing process.
Source: ISO 14021:2016

Unnecessary Plastic
Unnecessary plastic is plastic that, if not used, would not
create adverse environmental or social trade-offs related
to, for example, energy use, food waste, or quality of life.
Polymer Classification		

Responsibly Sourced Biobased Content

List of Polymers for Single Use Plastics

Abbreviation

Responsibly sourced biobased content, at a minimum:

Acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer

ABS

1. Is legally sourced;

Ethylene vinyl alcohol

EVOH

2. Is derived from renewable biomass and must pose

High-density polyethylene

HDPE

Low-density polyethylene

LDPE

Linear low-density polyethylene

LLDPE

Nylon

Nylon

Other (specified in description)

Other

Polybutylene adipate terephthalate

PBAT

responsible sourcing. Together, we consider responsibly

Polybutylene succinate

PBS

sourced biobased content and post-consumer recycled

Polybutylene succinate adipate

PBSA

Polycarbonate

PC

Polyethylene furanoate

PEF

Polyethylene terephthalate

PET

Polyethylene terephthalate glycol

PETG

Polyhydroxyalkanoate

PHA

Polylactic acid

PLA

Polypropylene

PP

Polystyrene

PS

Polyvinyl chloride

PVC

Polyvinyl alcohol

PVOH

no adverse impacts on food security;
3. Does not have negative impacts on land conversion,
deforestation, or critical ecosystems; and4. Provides environmental benefits.
Credible certifications such as the Roundtable on
Sustainable Biomaterials certification can help ensure

content as constituting sustainable plastic inputs.
Source: Bioplastics Feedstock Alliance (https://bioplasticfeedstockalliance.org/)

Rigid Foam
Forms under the “rigid foam” category include rigid
products made from foamed polymers, typically polystyrene (PS).
Small Plastics
Small plastics are items smaller than 2 inches in two
dimensions that require testing to determine theappropriate APR recyclability category.
Source: The Association of Plastic Recyclers

55Appendix A
TABLES A1-9. Aggregate results and individual ReSource Members’ results.

Aggregate

2018

2019

2020

2021

3,560,000

4,360,000

6,830,000

7,200,000

4

6

8

9

Recycled content

7.8%

7.9%

8.0%

10.2%

Biobased content (resp. sourced)

1.3%

1.3%

0.1%

0.2%

Biobased content (other)

0.2%

0.1%

0.3%

0.1%

Virgin content

90.7%

90.8%

91.6%

89.5%

Bottle

82.6%

82.1%

67.7%

70.2%

Closure

9.3%

3.9%

2.7%

1.5%

Mono-material film

0.5%

2.2%

3.8%

5.2%

Other flexible

0.6%

5.6%

17.6%

14.3%

Other rigid

5.9%

5.6%

7.8%

8.4%

Rigid foam

0.1%

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

Small plastics

1.0%

0.7%

0.5%

0.5%

HDPE

5.8%

3.4%

4.9%

5.3%

LDPE

0.8%

6.1%

6.6%

14.5%

LLDPE

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

Other

0.1%

1.2%

13.2%

1.0%

PC

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

PET

82.9%

80.1%

65.0%

69.2%

PETG

0.0%

0.5%

0.1%

0.1%

PLA

0.1%

0.0%

0.0%

0.1%

PP

7.6%

7.2%

9.2%

8.9%

PS

2.4%

1.5%

1.0%

0.9%

PVC

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

Recycling

43.3%

42.2%

31.8%

33.5%

Incineration

6.6%

7.6%

9.2%

8.8%

Landfill

34.5%

34.6%

43.3%

42.6%

Mismanagement

15.6%

15.7%

15.7%

15.2%

Total tonnage
Companies reporting

InputsForm

Polymer

Waste
Management56

Amcor2020

2021

2,360,000

2,370,000

-

+0.4%

$12.9B net sales$14.5B net sales--11.3%

Recycled content

4.5%

5.6%

Biobased content (resp. sourced)

0.0%

0.0%

Biobased content (other)

0.9%

0.0%

Virgin content

94.6%

94.3%

Bottle

44.5%

46.0%

Closure

1.4%

0.6%

Mono-material film

6.4%

11.0%

Other flexible

42.7%

36.4%

Other rigid

4.4%

5.5%

Rigid foam

0.0%

0.0%

Small plastics

0.6%

0.6%

HDPE

2.3%

2.3%

LDPE

7.1%

32.8%

LLDPE

0.0%

0.0%

Other

36.0%

0.0%

PC

0.0%

0.0%

PET

44.4%

55.1%

PETG

0.0%

0.0%

PLA

0.0%

0.0%

PP

8.7%

8.3%

PS

1.4%

1.4%

PVC

0.0%

0.0%

Total tonnage
TonnageChange in tonnage from 2020
Normalization factor
Normalized change in tonnage from 2020

InputsForm

Polymer57

Colgate-Palmolive

2020

2021

289,000

279,000--3.4%$16.5B net sales$17.4B net sales

-

-8.7%

Recycled content

10.5%

14.2%

Biobased content (resp. sourced)

0.0%

0.0%

Biobased content (other)

0.0%

0.0%

Virgin content

89.5%

85.8%

Bottle

51.6%

50.2%

Closure

10.4%

9.8%

Mono-material film

2.8%

3.9%

Other flexible

18.3%

15.9%

Other rigid

16.9%

20.3%

Rigid foam

0.0%

0.0%

Small plastics

0.0%

0.0%

HDPE

22.0%

22.8%

LDPE

26.4%

27.5%

LLDPE

0.0%

0.0%

Other

3.6%

5.6%

PC

0.0%

0.0%

PET

30.9%

29.0%

PETG

0.0%

0.0%

PLA

0.0%

0.0%

PP

16.8%

14.9%

PS

0.2%

0.2%

PVC

0.1%

0.0%

Total tonnage
TonnageChange in tonnage from 2020
Normalization factor
Normalized change in tonnage from 2020

InputsForm

Polymer58

CVS Health
Tonnage

InputsForm

Polymer

2021

Total tonnage

12,100Recycled content

1.6%

Biobased content (resp. sourced)

0.0%

Biobased content (other)

0.0%

Virgin content

98.4%

Bottle71.9%

Closure0.8%

Mono-material film

3.1%

Other flexible

3.5%

Other rigid

12.0%

Rigid foam

0.0%

Small plastics

1.8%

Raw material

6.9%

HDPE

19.1%

LDPE

3.2%

LLDPE

2.3%

Other

7.0%

PC

0.0%

PET

54.3%

PETG

0.2%

PLA

0.0%

PP

12.5%

PS

0.4%

PVC

1.1%

59

Keurig Dr Pepper

2018

2019

2020

2021

208,000

230,000

230,000

243,000

Change in tonnage from 2018-+10.4%+10.3%+16.7%

Normalization factor*$11.1B net
sales$11.6B net
sales$12.7B net
sales

Normalized change in tonnage from
2019

*

*

-4.4%

-7.3%

Recycled content

0.3%

0.4%

2.0%

11.5%

Biobased content (resp. sourced)

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

Biobased content (other)

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

Virgin content

99.7%

99.6%

98.0%

88.5%

Bottle

72.8%

64.4%

68.1%

75.2%

Closure

4.3%

8.0%

6.6%

0.0%

Mono-material film

1.3%

0.5%

4.3%

3.6%

Other flexible

1.1%

5.7%

3.1%

1.2%

Other rigid

19.2%

21.4%

17.9%

20.0%

Rigid foam

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

Small plastics

1.3%

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

HDPE

0.6%

2.2%

2.5%

2.5%

LDPE

1.2%

4.2%

5.4%

4.3%

LLDPE

0.4%

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

Other

0.0%

0.5%

0.4%

1.7%

PC

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

PET

73.6%

64.4%

68.1%

66.1%

PETG

0.1%

0.0%

0.0%

0.3%

PLA

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

PP

8.1%

18.2%

23.0%

25.0%

PS

16.0%

10.5%

0.6%

0.0%

PVC

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

Total tonnage

Tonnage

InputsForm

Polymer*2018 normalization factor unavailable due to 2018 merger between Keurig Green Mountain business and Dr Pepper Snapple Group.

60

Kimberly-Clark

2019

2020

2021

111,000

106,000

86,000--4.3%-22.1%$18.5B net
sales$19.1B net
sales$19.4B net
sales

-

-7.8%

-26.0%

Recycled content

1.9%

2.5%

3.1%

Biobased content (resp. sourced)

1.2%

1.2%

0.0%

Biobased content (other)

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

Virgin content

97.0%

96.3%

96.9%

Bottle

9.5%

1.0%

0.7%

Closure

0.0%

5.8%

0.0%

Mono-material film

62.4%

67.5%

80.3%

Other flexible

12.2%

15.2%

15.9%

Other rigid

15.9%

10.4%

3.1%

Rigid foam

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

Small plastics

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

HDPE

8.7%

0.2%

0.1%

LDPE

62.4%

67.5%

80.3%

LLDPE

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

Other

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

PC

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

PET

12.4%

15.4%

15.6%

PETG

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

PLA

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

PP

16.5%

16.9%

4.0%

PS

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

PVC

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

Total tonnage
Change in tonnage from 2018
Tonnage

Normalization factor
Normalized change in tonnage from 2019

InputsForm

Polymer61

McDonald’s Corporation

2018

2019

2020

2021

153,000

181,000

156,000

162,000

Change in tonnage from 2018-+18.8%

+2.0%

+5.7%

Normalization factor*

63.8B units
sold

53.3B units
sold

56.4B units
sold

Normalized change in tonnage from
2019

*

*

+2.8%

+0.8%

Recycled content

2.6%

1.2%

0.6%

0.8%

Biobased content (resp. sourced)

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

Biobased content (other)

0.1%

0.6%

0.9%

2.0%

Virgin content

97.3%

97.7%

98.5%

97.2%

Bottle

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

Closure

27.7%

25.6%

25.3%

0.0%

Mono-material film

6.0%

11.3%

10.3%

14.8%

Other flexible

1.4%

3.5%

4.8%

1.3%

Other rigid

47.2%

45.7%

47.7%

73.2%

Rigid foam

2.2%

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

Small plastics

15.5%

14.0%

11.9%

10.7%

HDPE

0.1%

3.5%

4.3%

4.1%

LDPE

6.0%

11.3%

10.9%

11.1%

LLDPE

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

Other

1.4%

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

PC

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

PET

7.7%

11.0%

7.2%

6.0%

PETG

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

PLA

0.1%

0.3%

0.2%

1.1%

PP

54.3%

53.2%

59.5%

60.7%

PS

30.4%

20.7%

18.0%

17.0%

PVC

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

Total tonnage

Tonnage

InputsForm

Polymer*2018 normalization factor unavailable due to inconsistencies with the normalization factor for subsequent years.

62

Procter & Gamble

2019

2020

2021

605,000

609,000

679,000-+0.6%+12.3%$67.7B net
sales$71.0B net
sales$76.1B net
sales

-

-4.0%

-0.2%

Recycled content

7.4%

9.7%

12.4%

Biobased content (resp. sourced)

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

Biobased content (other)

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

Virgin content

92.6%

90.3%

87.6%

Bottle

49.4%

46.2%

56.1%

Closure

13.0%

6.3%

6.4%

Mono-material film

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

Other flexible

33.7%

16.0%

12.7%

Other rigid

3.9%

31.4%

24.9%

Rigid foam

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

Small plastics

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

HDPE

18.6%

32.5%

33.6%

LDPE

25.3%

16.0%

12.7%

LLDPE

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

Other

8.4%

6.6%

7.7%

PC

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

PET

30.9%

21.1%

22.2%

PETG

3.9%

1.1%

1.0%

PLA

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

PP

13.0%

22.8%

22.8%

PS

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

PVC

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

Total tonnage
Change in tonnage from 2018
Tonnage

Normalization factor
Normalized change in tonnage from 2019

InputsForm

Polymer63

Starbucks

2018

2019

2020

2021

191,000

133,000

121,000

151,000

Change in tonnage from 2018-

Newbaseline-9.3%+13.4%

Normalization factor-$26.5B net
revenues$23.5B net
revenues$29.1B net
revenues

Normalized change in tonnage from2019-

New baseline

+2.2%

+3.5%

Recycled content

6.4%

5.6%

5.6%

4.6%

Biobased content (resp. sourced)

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

Biobased content (other)

1.0%

0.7%

0.9%

1.6%

Virgin content

92.6%

93.7%

93.5%

93.8%

Bottle

15.4%

19.6%

19.9%

20.6%

Closure

19.5%

18.4%

17.6%

16.6%

Mono-material film

1.9%

3.2%

3.0%

0.0%

Other flexible

6.7%

7.6%

7.6%

10.3%

Other rigid

51.2%

48.4%

49.5%

50.9%

Rigid foam

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

Small plastics

5.3%

2.8%

2.5%

1.6%

HDPE

12.9%

3.0%

2.8%

12.5%

LDPE

5.0%

5.9%

5.2%

3.2%

LLDPE

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

Other

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

PC

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

PET

19.8%

21.3%

27.9%

24.0%

PETG

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

PLA

1.0%

0.7%

0.9%

1.6%

PP

57.1%

66.8%

61.3%

56.7%

PS

3.7%

2.1%

1.9%

2.0%

PVC

0.4%

0.1%

0.0%

0.0%

Total tonnage

Tonnage

InputsForm

Polymer

64

The Coca-Cola Company

2018

2019

2020

2021

3,010,000

3,100,000

2,960,000

3,220,000

-

+2.8%

-1.6%

+7.1%

$34.3B net
revenues$37.3B net
revenues$33.0B net
revenues$38.7B net
revenues

-

-5.4%

+2.2%

-5.0%

Recycled content

8.7%

9.3%

11.2%

13.6%

Biobased content (resp. sourced)

1.5%

1.7%

0.1%

0.4%

Biobased content (other)

0.1%

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

Virgin content

89.7%

89.0%

88.6%

86.0%

Bottle

91.7%

99.9%

99.9%

100.0%

Closure

8.0%

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

Mono-material film

0.1%

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

Other flexible

0.2%

0.1%

0.1%

0.0%

Other rigid

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

Rigid foam

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

Small plastics

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

HDPE

6.1%

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

LDPE

0.2%

0.1%

0.1%

0.0%

LLDPE

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

Other

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

PC

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

PET

91.4%

99.9%

99.9%

100.0%

PETG

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

PLA

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

PP

2.0%

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

PS

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

PVC

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

Total tonnage
Change in tonnage from 2018
Tonnage

Normalization factor
Normalized change in tonnage from2019

InputsForm

Polymer*Net revenue numbers are only for The Coca-Cola Company, while tonnages are for the entire Coca-Cola system.

65

Appendix B
TABLE B1. Form description and classification

Packaging
Classification

Form
Category

Form Category
Definition

Form Description
ExamplesBottleA form of rigid packaging having acomparatively narrow neck or mouthwith a closure and usually no handle.
Source: ISO 21067:2007

BottleClosureIncludes caps and closures that would
be left on containers going to recycling.
Caps/closures that would be disposed
separately from the primary container
would fall under small plastics(problematic to recycle as separate
components due to size)

Screw caps on plastic bottles

Rigid foam

Rigid products made from foamed
polymers, typically Polystyrene (PS).

Foamed products like EPS
cups, foamed PS plates, egg
cartons, meat and produce
trays

Other rigid

Category used to capture rigids that are
not classified as bottles, closures,
foamed rigids, or small plastics.

Solid cups, jars, disposable
utensils, thermoforms, trays,
blisters, non-foam clamshells

Small plastics

Items smaller than 2 inches in two
dimensions require testing to determine the appropriate APR recyclability
category. These small packages are lostto the plastic recycling stream.
Source: APR

Plastic coffee sticks, coffee
pods

Raw material

Polymer used as raw material for
manufacturing plastic products or
packaging

Polymer pellets used as
primary content of molded or
extruded product; polymer
used as coating or barriermaterial

Mono-material film

Includes monomaterial stretch andshrink films or monomaterial film bags
and sacks that are suited for recycling.

Pallet wrap, stretch or shrink
wrap around products forshipment, single-use plastic
grocery bags

RIGID

RIGID/FLEXIBLESHRINK FILM: plastic material thatshrinks in size when heated to conformto the item(s) packaged.
Source: ISO 21067-1:2016
FLEXIBLE

STRETCH WRAP: material that elongateswhen applied under tension and which,through elastic recovery, conforms toitem(s) packaged.
Source: ISO 21067-1:2016
Other flexible

66

Other Flexible would include
multi-material/laminate films.

Direct product packaging,laminated beverage or foodpouches, metallized films,
snack bags and wrappers

TABLE B2. List of countries reported by ReSource Members and the regional groupings used in the analysis.

RegionCountry

East Asia &Pacific

Australia, Brunei Darussalam, Cambodia, China, Fiji, French Polynesia, Hong Kong SAR China,
Indonesia, Japan, Republic of Korea, Lao People’s Democratic Republic, Malaysia, Mongolia,
Myanmar, New Caledonia, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Singapore, Taiwan
China, Thailand, Viet Nam

Europe &Central Asia

Albania, Andorra, Armenia, Austria, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Belgium, Bosnia and Herzegovina,
Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Georgia,
Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Kazakhstan, Kosovo, Kyrgyz Republic,
Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Moldova, Monaco, Montenegro, Netherlands, North
Macedonia, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russian Federation, Serbia, Slovak Republic,
Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Tajikistan, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, United
Kingdom, Uzbekistan

Latin America& Caribbean

Argentina, Aruba, The Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, Bolivia, Brazil, Cayman Islands, Chile,
Colombia, Costa Rica, Curaçao, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Grenada,
Guatemala, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Jamaica, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru,
Puerto Rico, St. Lucia, St. Martin (French part), Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago, Uruguay,
Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela

Middle East &North Africa

Algeria, Bahrain, Djibouti, Arab Republic of Egypt, Islamic Republic of Iran, Iraq, Israel,
Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Malta, Morocco, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Tunisia, United ArabEmirates, West Bank and Gaza, Republic of Yemen

North
AmericaSouth Asia

Sub-SaharanAfricaCanada, United States

Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan, Sri Lanka

Benin, Botswana, Burkina Faso, Cabo Verde, Cameroon, Chad, Côte d’Ivoire, Democratic
Republic of the Congo, Ethiopia, Gabon, Ghana, Guinea, Kenya, Madagascar, Mali, Mauritius,
Mozambique, Namibia, Nigeria, Rwanda, Senegal, Somalia, South Africa, Sudan, Tanzania,
Togo, Uganda, Zambia, Zimbabwe

67

Endnotes
1“The New Plastics Economy: Rethinking the Future of
Plastics.” World Economic Forum, 2016. https://www3.
weforum.org/docs/WEF_The_New_Plastics_Economy.pdf.

2“Breaking the Plastic Wave: A Comprehensive
Assessment of Pathways Towards Stopping Ocean
Plastic Pollution.” The Pew Charitable Trusts and
SYSTEMIQ, 2020. https://www.pewtrusts.org/-/media/
assets/2020/10/breakingtheplasticwave_mainreport.pdf.

3 “Impacts of Plastic Pollution in the Oceans on Marine
Species, Biodiversity and Ecosystems.” WWF-Germany,2022. https://wwfint.awsassets.panda.org/downloads/
wwf_impacts_of_plastic_pollution_on_biodiversity.pdf.
4 Analysis conducted by WWF using data from UNEP,
Trucost, and the Plastic Disclosure Project.
5 We rely on the ISO 14021:2016 definition of postconsumer recycled content and the U.S. Department ofAgriculture definition of biobased content. Together, weconsider post-consumer recycled content andresponsibly sourced biobased content as constituting“sustainable” or “responsible” inputs. WWF follows the
Bioplastic Feedstock Alliance’s definition of responsibly
sourced biobased content; see Glossary for complete
definitions.
6

Advanced products are those that are sustainably
produced, mitigate climate change, and reduce the riskof fossil depletion. This term typically captures futurematerials innovations that are currently in the design
stage or at a very small scale. We align with theRoundtable for Sustainable Biomaterials’ Advanced
Products Standard.

7 “The Global Commitment 2021 Progress Report.” The
Ellen MacArthur Foundation and UN Environment
Programme, 2021. https://emf.thirdlight.com/link/
n1ipti7a089d-ekf9l1/@/preview/1?o.
8“The APR Design Guide for Plastics Recyclability.” The
Association of Plastic Recyclers, 2022. https://plasticsrecycling.org/apr-design-guide.

9“The APR Design Guide for Plastics Recyclability.” The
Association of Plastic Recyclers, 2022. https://plasticsrecycling.org/apr-design-guide.

10 WWF believes that responsibly sourced biobased
content at a minimum must be legally sourced; bederived from renewable biomass; pose no adverse
impact on food security; have no negative impact onland conversion, deforestation, or critical ecosystems;
and provide environmental benefits—including nearterm climate benefits—compared with fossil-based
plastic. Credible certifications such as the Roundtable on
Sustainable Biomaterials can help ensure responsible
sourcing.

11 “Breaking the Plastic Wave: A Comprehensive
Assessment of Pathways Towards Stopping Ocean
Plastic Pollution.” The Pew Charitable Trusts and
SYSTEMIQ, 2020. https://www.pewtrusts.org/-/media/
assets/2020/10/breakingtheplasticwave_mainreport.pdf.
12 “The Global Commitment 2021 Progress Report.” The
Ellen MacArthur Foundation and UN Environment
Programme, 2021. https://emf.thirdlight.com/link/
n1ipti7a089d-ekf9l1/@/preview/1?o.
13 “Breaking the Plastic Wave: A Comprehensive
Assessment of Pathways Towards Stopping Ocean
Plastic Pollution.” The Pew Charitable Trusts and
SYSTEMIQ, 2020. https://www.pewtrusts.org/-/media/
assets/2020/10/breakingtheplasticwave_mainreport.pdf.
14 Region categories with countries can be found in
Appendix B.
15 Rounding is to the nearest whole number for regional
management rates.
16 Waste management rates are generally based on
averages for all plastics but have been adjusted toaccount for differences by form (subject to data
availability).
17 Based on weight comparison from 2019 to 2021 for the
U.S., Canada, and Mexico.
18 Primary guest packaging refers to disposable products
used to package guest food on premises at McDonald’s
restaurants that is given to customers in all orderchannels, including containers, cups, clamshells, wraps,
foodservice bags, napkins, folding cartons, salad bowls,
lids, straws, napkins and cup carriers, and Happy Mealbook and toy packaging.
19 “CDP Expands Global Environmental Disclosure System
to Help Tackle Plastic Pollution Crisis.” CDP, September
22, 2022. https://www.cdp.net/en/articles/companies/
cdp-expands-global-environmental-disclosure-systemto-help-tackle-plastic-pollution-crisis/.

69https://resource-plastic.com/