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Test & Measurement

All other trademarks and trade names are the property of their respective companies.

A Greater Measure of Confidence
KEITHLEY INSTRUMENTS, INC. ■ 28775 AURORA RD. ■ CLEVELAND, OH 44139-1891 ■ 440-248-0400 ■ Fax: 440-248-6168 ■ 1-888-KEITHLEY ■ www.keithley.com© Copyright 2013 Keithley Instruments, Inc.

		

product catalog

product catalog

Specifications are subject to change without notice. All Keithley trademarks and trade names are the property of Keithley Instruments, Inc.

Test & Measurement

No. 2184 / Jan.13

A Greater Measure of ConfidenceDC Power Supplies

Selector Guide
Selector Guide				
2200-20-5
2200-30-5
2200-32-3
2200-60-2
2200-72-1

				
2220-30-1
2230-30-1

		
2308

		

2302

		

2302-PJ

		

2306

		

2306-PJ

		

2306-VS		2303
2303-PJ

		

2304A

		
248

Technical Information  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  . 296
Programmable DC Power Supplies .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  . 300
Battery Simulating DC Power Supplies .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  . 301
Single-Channel Programmable
DC Power Supplies
20V, 5A Programmable DC Power Supply .  .  .  .  .  .  .  . 302
30V, 5A Programmable DC Power Supply .  .  .  .  .  .  .  . 302
32V, 3A Programmable DC Power Supply .  .  .  .  .  .  .  . 302
60V, 2.5A Programmable DC Power Supply .  .  .  .  .  .  . 302
72V, 1.5A Programmable DC Power Supply .  .  .  .  .  .  . 302
Multi-Channel Programmable
DC Power Supplies
Programmable Dual Channel DC Power Supply  .  . 306
Programmable Triple Channel DC Power Supply . . 306
Battery Simulating DC Power Supplies
50W, Fast Transient Response Battery/Charger
Simulating Supply with Analog Output .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  . 310
60W, Fast Transient Response
Battery Simulating Supply  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  . 317
60W, Fast Transient Response
Battery Simulating Supply with 500mA Range .  .  .  . 317
50W, Fast Transient Response
Battery/Charger Simulating Supply .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  . 317
50W, Fast Transient Response Battery/Charger
Simulating Supply with 500mA Range  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  . 317
50W, Fast Transient Response Battery/Charger
Simulating Supply with External Triggering .  .  .  .  .  . 323
45W, Fast Transient Response Supply .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  . 331
45W, Fast Transient Response
Battery Simulating Supply with 500mA Range .  .  .  . 331
100W, Fast Transient Response Supply .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  . 331
High Voltage DC Power Supply
25W, High Voltage (5kV) Supply  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  . 335

DC POWER SUPPLIES		

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Technical
Information

Technical information: DC power supplies

Programmable DC Power Supplies
DC power supplies provide a regulated DC output to power a component,a module, or a device. A power supply must deliver voltage and current
that is stable and precise, with minimal noise to any type of load: resistive,
inductive, low impedance, high impedance, steady-state, or variable. How
well the power supply fulfills this mission and where it reaches its limits
are defined in its specifications.
Power supplies have two main settings, the output voltage and the current
limit. How they are set in combination with the load determines how thepower supply will operate.
Most DC power supplies have two modes of operation. In Constant Voltage(CV) mode, the power supply controls the output voltage based on theuser settings. In Constant Current (CC) mode, the power supply regulates
the current. Whether the power supply is in CV or CC mode depends on
both the user settings and the resistance of the load.
• CV mode is the typical operating state of a power supply. It controls
voltage. The output voltage is constant and is determined by the user’s
voltage setting. The output current is determined by the impedanceof the load.
• CC mode is typically considered a safety mode, but can be used in otherways. In CC mode, the output current is constant and is determinedby the user’s current limit setting. The voltage is determined by the
impedance of the load. If the power supply is in CV mode and its
current exceeds the user’s current limit setting, then the power supply
will automatically switch to CC mode. The power supply can also revert
back to CV mode if the load current falls below the current limit setting.
The most important parameters for any application are the maximum voltage, maximum current, and maximum power that the power supply cangenerate. It is essential to ensure that the power supply can deliver the
power at the required voltage and current levels. These three parameters
are the first specifications that must be investigated.
Bus
Interface

KeypadDisplay

DC POWER SUPPLIESIsolation

AC In

Transformer
and AC-DC
Converter

Unregulated
DC

Voltage and current settings (sometimes called limits or programmed values) each have resolution and accuracy specifications associated with them.
The resolution of these settings determines the minimum increment inwhich the output can be adjusted, and the accuracy describes the extent towhich the value of the output matches international standards. In addition
to output settings, there are measurement or readback specifications thatare independent of the output specifications.
Most DC power supplies provide built-in measurement circuits for measuring both voltage and current. These circuits measure the voltage andcurrent being delivered by the power supply output. Since the circuits readthe voltage and current that is fed back into the power supply, the measurements produced by the circuits are often called readback values. Most
professional power supplies incorporate circuits that use analog-to-digitalconverters, and for these internal instruments the specifications are similar
to those of a digital multimeter. The power supply displays measured values on its front panel and can also transmit them over its remote interface,
if it is equipped with one.
Setting Accuracy
Setting accuracy determines how close the regulated parameter is to its
theoretical value as defined by an international standard. Output uncertainty in a power supply is largely due to error terms in the DAC, including
quantization error. Setting accuracy is tested by measuring the regulated
variable with a traceable, precision measurement system connected to the
output of the power supply. Setting accuracy is given as:±(% of setting + offset)
For example, consider a power supply with a voltage setting accuracy specification of ±(0.03% + 3mV). When it is set to deliver 5V, the uncertainty inthe output value is (5V)(0.0003 + 3mV), or 4.5mV. Current setting accuracy
is specified and calculated similarly.
Setting Resolution and Programming Resolution
Setting resolution is the smallest change in voltage or current settings thatcan be selected on the power supply. This parameter is sometimes called
programming resolution if operating over an interface bus such as GPIB.

Microprocessor

ADCs

Accuracy and Resolution
Historically, the DC power supply user turned potentiometers to set output
voltage or current. Today, microprocessors receive input from the userinterface or from a remote interface. A digital-to-analog converter (DAC)
takes the digital setting and translates this into an analog value, which isused as the reference for the analog regulator. The setting resolution andaccuracy values are determined by the quality of this conversion and regulation process.

DACs
OVP

LinearRegulator

Output(Regulated DC)

Feedback
Control

Figure 1. Simplified block diagram of a programmable linear power
supply showing the digital and analog control circuit blocks

Readback Accuracy and Resolution
Readback accuracy is sometimes called meter accuracy. It determines how
close the internally measured values are to the theoretical value of theoutput voltage (after setting accuracy is applied). Like a digital multimeter,
this is tested using a traceable reference standard. Readback accuracy isexpressed as:±(% of measured value + offset)
Readback resolution is the smallest change in internally measured output
voltage or current that a power supply can discern.

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Technical information: DC power supplies

DC Power Supplies

Technical
Information

DC Power Supplies

Load Regulation (Voltage and Current)
Load regulation is a measure of the ability of the output voltage or output
current to remain constant during changes in the load. It is expressed as:±(% of setting + offset)
Ripple and Noise
Spurious AC components on the output of a DC supply are called ripple
and noise, or periodic and random deviation (PARD). PARD specifications
must be specified with a bandwidth and should be specified for both current and voltage. Current PARD is relevant when using a power supply in
CC mode, and it is often specified as an RMS value. Because the shape of
PARD is indeterminate, voltage PARD is usually expressed both as a root
mean square voltage, which can provide a sense of the noise power, andalso as a peak-to-peak voltage, which can be relevant when driving highimpedance loads.

Sense +

Sense

Output +Source+VLeadILoad

VProgrammed
Output –SourceSense –

Sense

RLead

RLead

RLead

+
Load
VLoad
–

RLead

Figure 2. Remote sensing technique

Regardless of the accuracy of your power supply, you cannot guaranteethat the programmed output voltage is the same as the voltage at the DUT’sload. This is because a power supply with two source output terminals
regulates its output only at its output terminals. However, the voltage
you want regulated is at the DUT’s load, not at the power supply’s output
terminals. The power supply and the load are separated by lead wires thathave a resistance, R Lead, which is determined by the length of the lead, theconductivity of the conductor material, and the geometry of the conductor.
The voltage at the load is:
V Load = V Programmed – 2*V Lead = V Programmed – 2*ILoad*R LeadIf the load requires high current, then ILoad is high and V Lead can easily bea few tenths of a volt, especially if the power supply leads are long, as canbe the case in an automated test rack. A voltage at the load could be 80mV
to 160mV lower than the desired voltage (with 2A to 4A flowing through a
16-gauge wire).
The remote sensing technique solves the problem of the voltage drop in
the test lead wires by extending the power supply feedback loop to theload. Two sense lines are connected between the DUT’s load and the high

The Keithley Series 2300 special-purpose power supplies are designed
to maintain a stable output voltage under the most difficult loading
conditions, such as the large, instantaneous load changes generated bycellular phones, cordless phones, mobile radios, wireless modems, andother portable, wireless com­mu­nication devices. These devices typicallytransition from standby current levels of 100–200mA to 800mA–1.5A,
which represents load changes of 800% and higher. A conventional power
supply typically specifies a transient recovery to a 50% load change. The
Keithley Series 2300 power supplies specify transient response to 1000%
load changes.
Stable During Fast Load Changes
When the mobile communication device transitions to a full power transmit state, the output voltage of a conventional power supply drops substantially until its control circuitry can respond to the transient. Conventional
power supplies trade off stability for all kinds of loads against transient
response. As a result, the large voltage drop and long recovery time of aconventional power supply can cause the output voltage to fall below the
low battery voltage threshold of the device under test (DUT). The DUT
could turn off during testing and register a false failure, affecting yield andproduction costs.
Series 2300 fast transient response power supplies have transient voltage
droops of less than 200mV under large load changes, even with the added
impe­dance of long wire runs between the power supply and the DUT.
Thus, the Series 2300 power supplies will keep the DUT powered under all
test conditions and prevent false failures. See Figure 3.
Accurate Four-Wire Measurements
To maintain an accurate voltage at the DUT load, the Series 2300 power
supplies use a four-wire source c­ ircuit in which two outputs provide thepower and the other two lines sense the voltage directly at the DUT load.
IRX, TX
Wireless Phone
Load Current
IStandby

VPower Supply
GeneralPurpose
Power Supply
Response

Keithley Series 2300
Fast Transient
Response Power
Supplies

Phone
Low Battery
Turnoff
Threshold

Phone
Low Battery
Turnoff
Threshold

Figure 3. Comparison of general-purpose power supply’s response withthe response of a Keithley Series 2300 fast ­transient power supply.

DC POWER SUPPLIESTechnical information: DC power supplies

Line Regulation (Voltage and Current)Line regulation is a measure of the ability of the power supply to maintainits output voltage or output current while its AC line input voltage and frequency vary over the full allowable range. It is expressed as:

Technical information: DC power supplies

Fast Transient Response Power Supplies±(% of setting + offset)

ISense = 0A

impedance voltage measuring circuit in the power supply. Since this is ahigh input impedance circuit, the voltage drop in the sense leads is negligible and becomes the feedback control loop for the power supply.

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Technical
Information

VoltageFeedback

Twisted Wire

+
–

DUT

Sense +
Sense –

Series 2300 Block Diagram with connection to DUT
Series 2300 V+
Power
V–SupplySense +
Sense –

Rwire
Rwire
Rwire

+
–

DUT

Rwire

DC Model for Test Leads

Figure 4. Four-wire sensing with Series 2300 power supplies ensuresthat an accurate voltage is applied to the load.

Sensing the voltage at the load compensates for any voltage drops in longtest lead runs between the power supply and the load. Furthermore, thepower supplies use a wide band output stage to obtain the low voltage
transient droop and the fast transient recovery time. See Figure 4.
These types of power supplies often incorporate techniques for detecting if
a sense lead is open or broken. An open sense lead interrupts the feedback
control to the power supply, and uncontrolled, unstable output can provide
improper voltages to a DUT. Series 2300 supplies either revert to internal
local sensing or indicate an error condition and turn the output off.

DC POWER SUPPLIES

Battery Emulation with Variable Output Resistance
Mobile communication devices are powered by b­ atteries, so the Models
2302 and 2306 power supplies are de­signed to emulate the performance ofa battery accurately. These supplies incorporate a variable output resistancefeature, which enables a test engineer to test his DUT under actual operating conditions.
Furthermore, these supplies can sink current to simulate the battery inthe discharged state. Thus, test engineers can use one instrument both tosource the DUT and to act as a load for testing the charging control circuitry of the DUT and its charger.
The Models 2302 and 2306 have the ability to vary their output impedance.
This allows them to simulate the internal impedance of a battery. Thus, thevoltage response of a battery that must support pulsed current loads fromportable products such as mobile phones can be simulated. This enables
manufacturers of portable devices to test their devices under the most­realistic conditions.

Battery impedance must be considered when evaluating mobile phonehandset talk time and standby performance, because voltage levels below
the operating threshold of a handset’s circuitry for periods as short as 100
to 200µs are enough to shut off the handset. This phenomenon is common in TDMA (Time Division Multiple Access) phones such as GSM mobile
phones where the magnitude of the high and low current levels during
an RF transmission pulse vary by as much as a factor of 7 to 10. Designers
need to simulate the actual performance of a battery to define an appropriate low battery threshold level. Test engineers need to simulate actual
battery performance to test that the low voltage threshold level is reachedwith the specified battery voltage and not at a higher voltage level.
The battery simulating characteristics of the Models 2302 and 2306 can beused to test components as well as end products. For example, the power
consumption characteristics of an RF power amplifier designed for use inportable products can be characterized for operation from a battery powersource. As a battery discharges, its voltage decreases and its internal impedance increases. The RF amplifier draws a constant amount of power tomaintain the required output. Thus, as the battery voltage falls and theinternal resistance increases, the RF amplifier draws increasing amountsof current from the battery. Both peak current and average current risesignificantly with increases in battery internal impedance. See Figure 5.
The RF power amplifier must specify power consumption. The portabledevice designer must be aware of how the RF power amplifier performs
as the battery discharges so that the designer can select an appropriate
battery pack to ensure both that an adequate current supply is available
0.28

1.70

0.275

1.65
Transmit Current
Average Current

1.60
1.55

0.265

1.50

0.26

1.45

0.255
0.25

1.40
0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

Output Impedance (ohms)

Figure 5. The transmit and average current consumption of an
RF power amplifier used in a pulsed output mode with a Model
2302/2306 simulating a battery with a nominal output voltage of
3.60V and output impedance from 0.00 to 0.51W.

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Technical information: DC power supplies

Technical information: DC power supplies

Control

Wide
V+
BandwidthPower Output
V–
Stage

With a pulse-like increase in load current, the battery output voltage
will drop by the product of the current change and the battery’s internal
resistance. The battery voltage could fall (for the length of the pulse) below
the low battery voltage threshold level of the device, and the device could
turn off. Since the internal impedance increases as a battery discharges,
the low voltage threshold level can be reached earlier than expected dueto the combination of a lower battery voltage due to discharge time andthe ­voltage drop across the internal resistance of the battery. Therefore,a device’s battery life could be shorter than the desired specification.

Average Current (amps)µP

Series 2300
Power Supply

Transmit Pulse Current (Amps)

IEEE-488
Interface

DC Power Supplies

Technical
Information

The mathematics of this effect is provided below (also see Figures 6a and6b). They show that the voltage drop produced by pulsed current loads
can have a significant effect on battery output voltage.
Vcell = An ideal voltage source
R i(t) = The internal impedance
R interconnect = Resistance of cables and interconnections to the DUT
1) If R interconnect is small compared to Ri(t), and if
2) R i(t) is assumed to be relatively constant during the length of the pulse,
R i(t) ≈ Ri, thenPulse Current and Low Current Measurements
Using a conventional (slow transient response) power supply for testing
wireless devices requires that a large capacitor be placed in the circuit
to stabilize the voltage during a load transition. As a result, load current
meas­urements require using a sense resistor and a DMM to monitor load
currents. The sense resistor adds resistance to the line, which further
aggravates the load droop problem. The Keithley fast transient response
power supplies eliminate the need for the capacitor and enable the power
supply current readback circuitry to measure the load currents. See
Figure 7. Keithley low current expertise enables the meas­urement of sleep
currents with 0.1µA resolution. These supplies can also measure load
current pulses from digital transmission devices. Current pulses as short
as 60µs can be captured.

3) The voltage across the DUT can be expressed as:
V(t) ≈ Vcell – I(t)R i(t) ≈ Vcell – I(t)R i
where I(t) is the time varying current through the battery.
a)

DMM
Isupply
Conventional
Slow-Response
Power Supplyb)
Rinterconnect

Ri(t)
+
–

Vcell

Cell orBattery Pack

V

C

DUT

Voltage Stabilizing
Capacitor

V(t)
DUT

Rsense

–

I(t)

I(t)

Iload

+

Isupply = Iload

Vcell
V(t)
Vcell – I(t)Ri

Series 2300
Fast Transient
Response
Power Supply

+
V

DUT

–

Rinterconnect

Figure 6a. Schematic of a battery represented by an ideal voltage
source and a time varying internal impedance connected to a DUT.
Figure 6b. Resulting output voltage with a pulsed load current.

Figure 7. A Keithley Series 2300 fast transient response power supply
measures load currents without additional devices and components.

DC POWER SUPPLIESTechnical information: DC power supplies

and that the battery supplies suitable operating time between replacement
or charges.

Technical information: DC power supplies

DC Power Supplies

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Selector Guide

Programmable DC Power Supplies

2200-20-5

2200-30-5

2200-32-3

2200-60-2

2200-72-1

2220-30-1,
2220J-30-1

2230-30-1,
2230J-30-1

Page

302

302

302

302

302

306

306

Number of
Channels

1

1

1

1

1

2

3

Power Output

100 W

150 W

96 W

150 W

86 W

90 W

Voltage Output

0 to 20 V

0 to 30 V

0 to 32 V

0 to 60 V

0 to 72 V

Ch. 1 and 2:
0 to 30 V

Current Output

0 to 5 A

0 to 5 A

0 to 3 A

0 to 2.5 A

0 to 1.2 A

Ch. 1 and 2:
0 to 1.5 A

Operating Mode

CV/CC*

CV/CC*

CV/CC*

CV/CC*

CV/CC*

CV/CC*

120 W
Ch. 1 and 2:
0 to 30 V
Ch. 3: 0 to 6 V
Ch. 1 and 2:
0 to 1.5 A
Ch. 3: 0 to 5 A
CV/CC*

1 mV
0.1 mA1 mV
0.1 mA1 mV
0.1 mA1 mV
0.1 mA1 mV
0.1 mA

1 mV
1 mA

1 mV
1 mA

±0.03%±0.05%±0.03%±0.05%±0.03%±0.05%±0.03%±0.05%±0.03%±0.05%±0.03%±0.1%±0.03%±0.1%

IEEE-488 and
USB
Yes
Yes

IEEE-488 and
USB
Yes
Yes

IEEE-488 and
USB
Yes
Yes

IEEE-488 and
USB
Yes
Yes

USB

USB

External Trigger

IEEE-488 and
USB
Yes
Yes

Yes
No

Yes
No

Front and Rear
Connectors

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

40 locations
7 lists,
80 steps/listNoYes

40 locations
7 lists,
80 steps/listNoYes

40 locations
7 lists,
80 steps/listNoYes

40 locations
7 lists,
80 steps/listNoYes

40 locations
7 lists,
80 steps/listNoYes

30 locations

30 locations

No

No

Yes
Yes

Yes
Yes

Password
Protection

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Remote Inhibit

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

No

No

Discrete Fault
Indication

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

No

No

CSA/CE

CSA/CE

CSA/CE

CSA/CE

CSA/CE

CSA/CE

CSA/CE

Selector guide: Programmable DC power supplies

Model

Setting and Readback Resolution:
Voltage
Current
Basic Accuracy:
Voltage
Current
Features:
Programming
Remote Sense

Setup Storage
List Mode
Track Mode

DC POWER SUPPLIES

Output Timer

Approvals*CV is Constant Voltage mode and CC is Constant Current mode

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Selector guide: Programmable DC power supplies

Multi-Channel
Power Supplies

Single-Channel Power Supplies

Specialized DC Power Supplies
High
Voltage
SupplyFast Transient Response, Battery Simulating Power Supplies
2302

2303

2303-PJ

2304A

2306

2306-PJ

2306-VS

2308

248

Page

317

331

331

331

317

317

323

310

335

No. of Channels

1

1

1

1

2

2

2

2

1

Power Output

60W maximum,
function of
V; optimized
for maximum
current at low V

45 W

45 W

100 W

50W maximum, 50W maximum, 50W maximum, 50W maximum,
function offunction offunction offunction of
V and power
V and power
V and power
V and power
consumed by consumed by consumed by consumed byother channel; other channel; other channel; other channel;
optimized
optimized
optimized
optimized
for maximum for maximum for maximum for maximum
current at low V current at low V current at low V current at low V

25 W

Voltage Output

0–15 V

0–15 V

0–15 V

0–20 V

0–15 V

0–15 V

0–15 V

0–15 V0–±5000 V

Maximum
Continuous
Current Output

5A@4V

5A@9V

5A@9V

5 A @ 20 V

5A@4V

5A@4V

5A@4V

5A@4V

5 mA

Variable
Resistance
Output0–1 W
10 mW
resolution

0–1 W
10 mW
resolution(in channel 1)

0–1 W
10 mW
resolution(in channel 1)

0–1 W
10 mW
resolution(in channel 1)

0–1 W
10 mW
resolution(in channel 1)

Current Sink
Capacity

3A

2A

2A

3A

3A

3A

3A

3A

DC Current
Measurement
Sensitivity

100 nA

100 nA

10 µA

100 nA

100 nA

10 µA (Ch. 1)
100 nA (Ch. 2)

100 nA

100 nA

Dynamic
Current
Measurement

5 A range:
33 µs–833 ms
integrationtimes

5 A range:
33 µs–833 ms
integration
times

500 mA and5 A ranges:
33 µs–833 ms
integrationtimes

5 A range:
33 µs–833 ms
integrationtimes

5 A range:
33 µs–833 ms
integration
times

500 mA and5 A ranges:
33 µs–833 ms
integration
times

No

No

No

No

No

No

Yes

No

V

0.05%

0.05%

0.05%

0.05%

0.05%

0.05%

0.05%

0.05%

0.01%

I

0.2%

0.2%

0.2%

0.2%

0.2%

0.2%

0.2%

0.2%

0.01%

Programming

IEEE-488
includedIEEE-488
includedIEEE-488
includedIEEE-488
includedIEEE-488
includedIEEE-488
includedIEEE-488
includedIEEE-488
includedIEEE-488
included

Open Sense
Lead Detection

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

No

DVM

Yes

Yes, 1 perchannelYes, 1 perchannelYes, 1 perchannelYes, onchannel 2

No

External
Triggering for
Voltage Outputs
and Current
Measurement
Accuracy

5 A, 500 mA,
5 A range:
50mA and 5mA
33 µs–833 ms
ranges:integration
33 µs–833 ms
times
integration
times

No

Features:

Yes

Yes

Yes

Analog Output
Relay Control
Port
RemoteDisplay ModuleCE

1 analog output
4

1

1

2

4

4

No

4

No

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

No

Yes

No

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

DC POWER SUPPLIES

Selector guide: Specialized DC power supplies

Model

Selector guide: Specialized DC power supplies

Selector Guide

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The Series 2200 Single-Channel Programmable DC Power Supplies provide
a wide range of voltage outputs to address the testing and characterization of components, circuits, modules, and complete devices, whether you
are in a research laboratory, in design and development, or in production
test. The Series 2200 consists of five models with output voltages from
20V to 72V that can deliver 86W, 96W, 100W, and 150W of power. In addition, these power supplies can act as constant current sources as well as
constant voltage sources. The Series 2200 power supplies offer an excellent
combination of performance, versatility, and ease of use that allow you to
obtain quality test data as quickly as possible. They perform as effectively
in automated test systems as they do in manual instrument configurations.

• Five models ranging in powerfrom 86W to 150W with voltage
outputs from 20V to 72V
address a wide range of power
requirements• 0.03% basic voltage output
accuracy and 0.05% basic
current accuracy provide
quality test data
• High output and measurement
resolution, 1mV and 0.1mA,
for testing low power circuits
and devices• Remote sensing to ensure theprogrammed voltage is applied
to the load
• Dual-line display shows boththe programmed values andactual outputs for a continuous
indication of the status of thepower delivered to the load
• Repeatable test sequencesof up to 80 output steps areeasy to create with the built-in
List mode

DC POWER SUPPLIESSingle-Channel Programmable
DC Power Supplies• GPIB and USB interfaces
are standard for convenient
automated control

Outstanding Accuracy Delivered to the Load
With basic voltage setting accuracy of 0.03% and basic voltage readback
accuracy of 0.02%, you can be sure that the voltage you program for theload is applied at the output terminals. What’s more, the rear panel connections include remote sense terminals that compensate for voltage drops
in the power supply leads. This helps to ensure that the correct voltage is delivered to the load terminals of the device-under-test (DUT). Great accuracy is not limited to voltage—the basic current setting
and readback accuracy is 0.05%, providing you with high quality load current measurements. Also,with less than 5mVp-p noise, you can be confident that the power applied to the DUT’s load terminals is both accurate and of high quality.
Superior resolution is also provided by Keithley’s Series 2200 single-channel power supplies. With1mV and 0.1mA resolution, the effects of very small changes in voltage and current can be detected
and studied. For portable devices in which minimum power consumption is critical, the 0.1mA current resolution allows you to measure the idle and sleep mode currents so you can verify that yourproducts meet aggressive low power consumption goals.
Get Test Results Quickly
Keithley’s Series 2200 single-channel power supplies have a number of features that enable you to
obtain the results you need quickly and easily, including tools to help you create sophisticated tests
for a wide range of requirements.
The dual-line display shows both the programmed settings and the actual voltage and current outputs, allowing you to immediately see, understand, and address any differences between the expected and actual output values. Multiple methods can be used to adjust the voltage and current settings.
You can use the direct-entry numeric keypad to set precise voltage and current values. There is also a
rotary knob with adjustable step size that lets you easily study the response of your DUT to small orlarge changes in voltage or current.
Need to repeat a set of tests often? Instead of programming a number of parameters for each test
every time you run the test, just use a few keystrokes to save a test setup once and then recall it
whenever you need it. Take advantage of 40 memory locations to save up to 40 set ups or use theSeries 2200 List mode to define custom test sequences of up to 80 steps. This makes it easy to perform tests such as analyzing how your circuit- or device-under-test performs at each voltage levelwithin a range of voltages. A saved test can be run manually using front panel key strokes, automatically using external trigger signals, or remotely using programmable interface commands. Up toseven 80-step lists can be stored in a Series 2200 single-channel power supply. Each step can have aprogrammable duration.
Protects Your DUT at All Times
A number of features are built into the Series 2200 power supplies to ensure that your DUT is protected from damage. A maximum voltage can be set so that regardless of the voltage value requested,
the output will not exceed the programmed limit value. For further voltage magnitude protection, anOver Voltage protection level can be programmed that will cause the output to drop below 1V if theOver Voltage limit is reached. These protections are in addition to the Current Limit setting, which
restricts the amount of current that can flow into the DUT. If the Current Limit is reached, the Series

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A Greater Measure of ConfidenceSingle-channel programmable DC power supplies

Single-channel programmable DC power supplies

Series 2200

2200-20-5 Programmable DC
Power Supply, 20V, 5A
2200-30-5 Programmable DC
Power Supply, 30V, 5A
2200-32-3 Programmable DC
Power Supply, 32V, 3A
2200-60-2 Programmable
DC Power Supply,
60V, 2.5A
2200-72-1 Programmable
DC Power Supply,
72V, 1.2A
Accessories Supplied
213-CON	Rear Panel Mating
Connector with Handle
CS-1638-12 	Rear Panel Mating
		Connector
Documentation and Driver CD

2200 power supplies convert from constant voltage to constant current operation in which the current is controlled at the Current Limit setting and the voltage varies based on the load resistance.
In addition to the limit settings, you can set a timer to turn off the output after a specified time interval, allowing you to setup a test on your bench and let it to run unattended knowing that power willautomatically be removed from the DUT after the programmed time has elapsed.
Ensures that Test Parameters are Not Accidentally Changed
Prevent accidental changes to settings to avoid collecting incorrect test data and wasting time repeating tests by taking advantage of the Series 2200’s front panel lock-out functions. You can disable thefront panel knob or disable all the front panel data entry controls. When all the front panel data
entry keys are disabled, the Series 2200 prompts for a password to re-activate the keys.
Select a Convenient Interface
The Series 2200 DC power supplies can be an integral part of your automated test system. You havethe option to control each power supply over a GPIB interface or a USB interface. The USB interface
is test and measurement class (TMC) compliant so you can use the standard SCPI command syntax.
Standard drivers are included with the Series 2200 to simplify interfacing them into an automatedtest environment.
Sense

SourceACCESSORIES AVAILABLE
CS-1638-12
KPCI-488LPA
USB-B-1
4299-77007-05
7007-17007-27007-37007-4

Rear Panel Mating Connector
IEEE-488.2 Interface Board for the PCI Bus
USB Cable
Fixed Rack Mount Kit
Double Shielded Premium IEEE-488 Interface
Cables, 0.5m (1.6 ft)
Double Shielded Premium IEEE-488 Interface
Cables, 1m (3.2 ft)
Double Shielded Premium IEEE-488 Interface
Cables, 2m (6.5 ft)
Double Shielded Premium IEEE-488 Interface
Cables, 3m (10 ft)
Double Shielded Premium IEEE-488 Interface
Cables, 4m (13 ft)

Services Available
Model Number-EW (Example: 2200-20-5-EW)
1 additional year of factory warranty
C/Model Number-3Y-STD
3 calibrations within 3 years of purchase
C/Model Number-3Y-DATA
3 (ANSI-Z540-1 compliant) calibrations within
3 years of purchase
C/Model Number-5Y-STD
5 calibrations within 5 years of purchase
C/Model Number-5Y-DATA
5 (ANSI-Z540-1 compliant) calibrations within
5 years of purchase

ISense = 0A
ILoad

RLead
+ VLead –RLead

Source

RLead

Sense

RLead

+
VLoad

Load

–

Single-channel programmable DC power supplies

Single-channel programmable DC power supplies

Ordering Information

Single-Channel Programmable
DC Power Supplies

No matter how accurate your power supply output is, you cannot guarantee that the programmed output voltage is the same as the voltage at the DUT’s load. This is because
a power supply with two source output terminals regulates its output only at its output
terminals. However, the voltage you want regulated is at the DUT’s load, not at the power
supply’s output terminals. The power supply and the load are separated by lead wires
that have a resistance, RLead, determined by the length of the lead, the conductivity of
the conductor material, and the geometry of the conductor. The voltage at the load is:
VLoad = VProgrammed – 2* VLead = VProgrammed – 2*ILoad *RLead. If the load requires high current, then
ILoad is high and VLead can easily be a few tenths of a volt, especially if the power supply leads
are long, as can be the case in an automated test rack. A voltage at the load could be 80mV
to 160mV lower than the desired voltage (with 2A to 4A flowing through a 16-gauge wire).
The remote sensing technique solves the problem of voltage drop in the leads by extending
the power supply feedback loop to the input of the load. Two sense lines from the power
supply are connected to the power inputs. These sense leads are voltage measuring linesthat connect to a high impedance voltage measuring circuit in the power supply. Since thevoltage measuring circuit is a high input impedance circuit, the voltage drop in the sense
leads is negligible. The sense lead voltage measurement circuit becomes the feedback
control loop for the power supply. The voltage at the load is fed back to the power supply
by the sense leads. The power supply raises its output to overcome the voltage drop in thesource leads and VLoad = VProgrammed.
Thus, only with remote sensing can the accuracy of the power supply be applied to
the load.

DC POWER SUPPLIES

Series 2200

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303Series 2200

2200-30-5

2200-32-3

2200-60-2

2200-72-1

MAXIMUM POWER

0 to 20 V
0 to 5 A
100 W

0 to 30 V
0 to 5 A
150 W

0 to 32 V
0 to 3 A
96 W

0 to 60 V
0 to 2.5 A
150 W

0 to 72 V
0 to 1.2 A
86 W

LOAD REGULATION
Voltage
Current<0.01% + 2 mV
<0.05% + 0.1 mA<0.01% + 2 mV
<0.05% + 1.5 mA<0.01% + 2 mV
<0.05% + 0.1 mA<0.01% + 2 mV
<0.05% + 0.5 mA<0.01% + 2 mV
<0.05% + 0.5 mA

LINE REGULATION
Voltage
Current< 0.01% + 1 mV
<0.05% + 0.1 mA<0.01% + 1 mV
<0.05% + 0.1 mA<0.01% + 1 mV
<0.05% + 0.1 mA<0.01% + 2 mV
<0.05% + 0.05 mA<0.01% + 1 mV
<0.05% + 0.1 mA

Current<1 mV RMS
<3 mV P-P
<3 mA RMS

<1 mV RMS
<4 mV P-P
<4 mA RMS

<1 mV RMS
<4 mV P-P
<3 mA RMS

<1 mV RMS
<5 mV P-P
<3 mA RMS

<1 mV RMS
<3 mV P-P
<3 mA RMSSETTING RESOLUTION
Voltage
Current

1 mV
0.1 mA1 mV
0.1 mA1 mV
0.1 mA1 mV
0.1 mA1 mV
0.1 mA±0.03% + 3 mV
±0.05% + 2.5 mA±0.03% + 3 mV
±0.05% + 2 mA

±0.03% + 6 mV
±0.05% + 1.5 mA±0.03% + 6 mV
±0.05% + 1 mA

1 mV
0.1 mA1 mV
0.1 mA1 mV
0.1 mA1 mV
0.1 mA1 mV
0.1 mA

0.02% + 3 mV
±0.05% + 2 mA

±0.02% + 2.5 mV±0.05% + 2.5 mA±0.02% + 3 mV
±0.05% + 2 mA

±0.02% + 6 mV
±0.05% + 1.5 mA±0.02% + 5 mV
±0.05% + 1 mA

RIPPLE AND NOISE (20 Hz to 7 MHz)
Voltage

SETTING ACCURACY (using remote sense, 25°C ± 5°C)
±0.03% + 3 mV
Voltage±0.05% + 2 mA
Current
READBACK RESOLUTION
Voltage
Current
READBACK ACCURACY (25°C ± 5°C)
Voltage
Current

VOLTAGE TRANSIENT RESPONSE – SETTLING TIME
<400 μs to within 75 mV following a change from 0.1 A to 1A
Load Change<35 ms from beginning of excursion to within 75 mV of terminal value following a change from 1 V to 11 V with a 1 A load
Rising(Note: Specification does not include command decode time)
Setting Change<35 ms from beginning of excursion to within 75 mV of terminal value following a change from 11 V to 1 V with a 1 A load
Falling(Note: Specification does not include command decode time)

DC POWER SUPPLIESOVERVOLTAGE PROTECTION
Range (typical)
Accuracy
Response Time (typical)

1 V to 19 V
±0.5% + 0.5 V<10 ms

1 V to 29 V
±0.5% + 0.5 V<10 ms

1 V to 31 V
±0.5% + 0.5 V<10 ms

1 V to 59 V
±0.5% + 0.5 V<10 msSeries 2200 rear panel.

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1 V to 71 V
±0.5% + 0.5 V<10 msSeries 2200 specifications

2200-20-5
DC OUTPUT RATING
Voltage
Current

Series 2200 specifications

Single-Channel Programmable
DC Power Supplies

Series 2200

Single-Channel Programmable
DC Power Supplies
EMC:
European Union: EN 55011, Class A; IEC 61000-3-2; IEC 61000-3-3, IEC 61000-4-2, IEC
61000-4-3, IEC 61000-4-4, IEC 61000-4-5, IEC 61000-4-6, IEC 61000-4-8, IEC 61000-4-11.
USA: FCC, CFR Title 47, Part 15, Subpart B, Class A.
Australia: EMC Framework, demonstrated per Emission Standard AS/NZS 2064 (industrial,
scientific, and medical equipment).
Safety:European Union: Low voltage directive 2006/95/EC; EN61010-1 2001.
USA: Nationally recognized testing laboratory listing UL61010-1-2004.
Canada: CAN/CSA C22.2 No. 61010-1 2004.
Dimensions:With Boot: 106mm high × 242mm wide × 384mm deep (4.15 in × 9.52 in × 15.12 in).
Without Boot: 91mm high × 218mm wide × 362mm deep (3.57 in × 8.55 in × 14.24 in).
Shipping Weight: 2200-20-5, 2200-32-3, 2200-72-1: 9.0kg.
2200-30-5, 2200-60-2: 9.6kg.
Net Weight:
2200-20-5, 2200-30-5, 2200-32-3, 2200-72-1: 7.3kg.
2200-60-2: 7.0kg.
Environment:
Altitude: Operating: Up to 2,000m above sea level.
Storage: Up to 4,000m above sea level.
Operating: 0° to +40°C, 5% to 95% R.H. up to +40°C.
Storage: –20° to +70°C, 5% to 95% R.H. up to +40°C.
–20° to +70°C, 5% to 60% R.H. above +40°C up to +70°C.

Series 2200 specifications

Communications: USB: Type B connector, USB-TMC compatible.
GPIB: IEEE-488.2 compliant.
Display: Vacuum fluorescent display.
Memory: 40 setup memories.
List Mode: Up to seven lists can be defined, each with up to 80 steps. Each step includes
a voltage limit and a current limit. For continuous sequences each step also includes a­duration.
Output, Sense, Status, and Control: Removable screw terminal block carries thefollowing signals:
Output Channel: Duplicates the front panel outputs.
Remote Sense Lines: Connection for remote sense.
Control Input: Multifunction TTL input which can function as a trigger input, output control
line, or digital input.
Status Output: Multifunction TTL output which can function as a fault indication, or
digital output.
Floating Voltage Rating: Up to 100V (DC + peak AC) between earth ground and any
output terminal.
Power Source:
110V AC Setting: 99V RMS to 132V RMS.
220V AC Setting: 198V RMS to 264V RMS.
Frequency: 50/60Hz.
Power Consumption: 2200-20-5, 2200-32-3, 2200-72-1: 250VA.
2200-30-5, 2200-60-2: 350VA.

DC POWER SUPPLIES

Series 2200 specifications

GENERAL

1.888.KEITHLEY (U.S. only)
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A Greater Measure of Confidence305• Dual and triple output
models with two 30V/1.5A(45W) channels and a 6V/5A(30W) channel on the triple
output supply• All channels are independently
controlled and have isolated
outputs for maximum flexibility• All channels have remotesensing to ensure that
programmed voltage isaccurately applied to the load
• Two 30V channels can be
combined either in series todouble output voltage or inparallel to double output current• 0.03% basic voltage output
accuracy and 0.1% current
accuracy ensure quality test data
• Low noise, linear regulation with
<3mVpp ripple and noise• Voltage and current outputs
for all channels are displayed
simultaneously for easyobservation of each output state

DC POWER SUPPLIES• Keypad entry allows fast, precise
entry of output values• Standard USB interface for
automated testingMulti-Channel Programmable
DC Power Supplies

The Models 2220 and 2230 Multi-Channel Programmable DC Power Supplies combine two and threechannels of output power to cost-effectively characterize and test a wide range of devices, circuitboards, modules, and products that require more than one power source. The Model 2220-30-1­supply provides two channels, with each channel capable of outputting up to 30V and up to 1.5A.
The Model 2230-30-1 includes two 30V/1.5A channels and adds a 6V channel with up to 5A output for
powering digital circuits. The Models 2220 and 2230 Multi-Channel Power Supplies offer an excellent
combination of performance, versatility, and ease of use to maximize the information from characterization or test as quickly and as easily as possible. They perform as effectively in automated test
systems as they do in manual instrument configurations.
Independent and Isolated Outputs
Since each channel in the Models 2220 and 2230 Multi-Channel Power Supplies is completely independent and isolated from each other, these power supplies can be used to provide power to two
circuits that are optically isolated or transformer-isolated from each other and have different reference points. Their isolated channels eliminate the need for a second power supply to power one of
the isolated circuits.
Additionally, each channel can be independently
controlled, so channels can be individuallyturned on and turned off at any time. Thus,
these power supplies can be used to power up acircuit with multiple voltage levels (such as a digital circuit) that must be turned on in a specified
time sequence. Furthermore, the timer capability
allows you to set up unattended tests that turnoff the channels after a programmed time interval to protect a device-under-test (DUT) frompotential damage due to the continuous application of power beyond a recommended timeinterval. Both isolated and independent channels provide excellent versatility and flexibility toaddress a wide range of test ­applications.

2230-30-1 TRIPLE CHANNEL DC POWER SUPPLY

CH1 0-30V+

CH3 0-5.5V–+

Accurate Power Delivery to the Load
With basic voltage setting accuracy and voltage
Power two isolated circuits with isolated
output channels.
readback accuracy of 0.03% for each channel,
the exact voltage programmed for any channel
is applied at the output terminals. Plus, the rear panel connections for each channel include remotesense terminals that compensate for voltage drops in the power supply leads. This helps to ensurethat the correct voltage is delivered accurately to the load terminals of the DUT. Many other multichannel power supplies do not provide remote sensing, which reduces overall system accuracy.

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CH2 0-30V

A Greater Measure of Confidence

Multi-channel programmable DC power supplies

Multi-channel programmable DC power supplies

2220
2230

2220-30-1
Programmable Dual
Channel DC Power Supply
2220J-30-1
Programmable Dual Channel
DC Power Supply for Japan
2230-30-1
Programmable Triple
Channel DC Power Supply
2230J-30-1
Programmable Triple
Channel DC Power
Supply for Japan
Accessories Supplied
CS-1655-15 Rear Panel
Mating Connector for Models
2220 and 2230 MultiChannel Power Supplies
Documentation and Driver CD

Great accuracy is not limited to voltage; the basic current setting and readback accuracy is 0.1%, providing high quality load current measurements. Also, with less than 3mV p-p noise, the power applied
to the DUT’s load terminals is both accurate and of high quality.
Excellent accuracy, remote sensing, and a wide power output range make the Series 2200 MultiChannel Power Supplies essential test instruments both on the bench and in test systems. Theirability to generate a wide range of output power and measure a wide range of load currents is
supported with:• Maximum output power of 45W on the 30V channels• Maximum output power of 30W on the 6V channel• Voltage setting and reading resolution of 1mV• Current setting and reading resolution of 1mA
Configure the Channels to Double Output Voltage or
Current or Create Bipolar Power Supplies
The two 30V channels can be combined if more than 30V or more than 1.5A is required. The two 30V
outputs can be wired in series to enable an output of 60V with a maximum current output of 1.5A or
can be wired in parallel to get up to 3A at 30V. In series or parallel configurations, the power supplies offer special display modes that indicate the actual voltage and current for the combined pair.
It’s also easy to wire the outputs to make a ±30V bipolar supply, and to maintain a user-defined ratio
between the two outputs when using Tracking mode. These modes of operation extend the performance of the power supplies, while the display shows the actual outputs in these special modes toavoid any confusion or incorrect interpretation of the displayed data.

Accessories Available
CS-1655-15
4299-7

Rear Panel Mating Connector for
Series 2200 Power Supplies
Fixed Rack Mount Kit

Channel 1

Services Available
2220-30-1-EW
C/2220-30-1-3Y-STD
C/2220-30-1-3Y-DATA

1 additional year of factory warranty
3 calibrations within 3 years of purchase
3 (ANSI-Z540-1 compliant) calibrations
within 3 years of purchaseC/2220-30-1-5Y-STD
5 calibrations within 5 years of purchaseC/2220-30-1-5Y-DATA 5 (ANSI-Z540-1 compliant) calibrations
within 5 years of purchase2230-30-1-EW
1 additional year of factory warranty
C/2230-30-1-3Y-STD
3 calibrations within 3 years of purchaseC/2230-30-1-3Y-DATA 3 (ANSI-Z540-1 compliant) calibrations
within 3 years of purchaseC/2230-30-1-5Y-STD
5 calibrations within 5 years of purchaseC/2230-30-1-5Y-DATA 5 (ANSI-Z540-1 compliant) calibrations
within 5 years of purchaseNote: For Japan versions, include a “J” in the model number(example: 2230J-30-1-EW)

Power
SupplyChannel 1
+

0-30V

0-30V

+

–

–

DeviceUnder
Test

Device
Under
Test

V2

V+
Load
(Device, Circuit,
Module)
V–

–

+

0-30V

0-30V

Power
SupplyChannel 2

Use the two 30V channels to test a bipolar
integrated circuit or a bipolar module over its
specified voltage operating range.

–

V1 + V2

0-6V+

Channel 2(relative tocircuit common)

+

V1

0-6V

Multi-channel programmable DC power supplies

Multi-channel programmable DC power supplies

Ordering Information

Multi-Channel Programmable
DC Power Supplies–

Device
Under
Test

V1

V2

DeviceUnder
Test

I1 + I2

Combine two channels in series to output up
to 60V or combine two channels in parallelto output up to 3A. The Model 2220/2230
display will show the combined value.

Convenience Features Help Get Results More Quickly
The Models 2220 and 2230 Multi-Channel Power Supplies offer a number of features that returnresults quickly and easily:• A rotary knob, with user-selectable step size, makes it easy to check circuit response to changing
voltage or current. Alternatively, a direct-entry numeric keypad can be used to simplify setting
precise voltage and current values.
• Each channel has its own readout on the display. The voltage and current being delivered to eachchannel are visible at a glance. A bright vacuum fluorescent display provides excellent readability

DC POWER SUPPLIES

2220
2230

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A Greater Measure of Confidence307

at a distance, at an angle, or under dim
lighting conditions.

Models 2220 and 2230 specifications• To save time when repeating tests, instrument
settings can be saved in one of 30 internal
memory locations by simply pressing the Save
button. To recall that setting, just push the
Recall button, and choose the desired setup.
Protection for Your Device-Under-Test
The Models 2220 and 2230 Multi-Channel Power
Supplies include maximum voltage settings thatprevent voltage from being accidentally adjusted
above user-specified limits. Independent outputs
allow a different limit to be specified for each
output channel. With the numeric keypad, a current limit can be quickly and precisely specified
before a test is started. In addition, a userdefinable password allows the front panel
to be locked to prevent unwanted adjustment
during critical tests.
Easy Test Automation
Each of these power supplies includes a USB
TMC-compliant device port, enabling PC control
from a user-preferred programming environment. For basic instrument control, data logging, and analysis, the Models 2220 and 2230
Multi-Channel Power Supplies can be controlled
by Tektronix Edition LabVIEW SignalExpress™
from National Instruments. SignalExpress supports a wide range of Tektronix bench instruments* and can be used to automate the entire
test bench or test system. The features in each
instrument are accessible from one intuitive
software interface that can automate complex
measurements that require multiple instruments
and easily capture and analyze results—all fromthe user’s PC.
*For a complete listing of Tektronix instruments supported by Tektronix LabVIEW Signal Express, visit
www.tektronix.com/signalexpress.

DC POWER SUPPLIESAPPLICATIONS
Series 2200 Multi-Channel Power
Supplies typical applications
include:• Circuit design• Electrial engineering student labs
• Materials research• Automated test

Multi-Channel Programmable
DC Power Supplies
Specifications
2230-30-1, 2230J-30-1
DC Output Rating
Voltage
Current

0 to 30 V
0 to 1.5 A

Maximum Power2220-30-1, 2230J-30-1

0 to 30 V
0 to 1.5 A
120 W

0 to 6 V
0 to 5 A

0 to 30 V
0 to 1.5 A
90 W

Load Regulation
Voltage
Current< 0.01% + 3 mV
< 0.01% + 3 mA

< 0.01% + 3 mV
< 0.01% + 3 mA

< 0.01% + 3 mV
< 0.01% + 3 mA

< 0.01% + 3 mV
< 0.01% + 3 mA

< 0.01% + 3 mV
< 0.01% + 3 mA

Line Regulation
Voltage
Current< 0.01% + 3 mV
< 0.1% + 3 mA

< 0.01% + 3 mV
< 0.1% + 3 mA

< 0.01% + 3 mV
< 0.1% + 3 mA

< 0.01% + 3 mV
< 0.1% + 3 mA

< 0.01% + 3 mV
< 0.1% + 3 mA

< 1 mV rms< 3 mV p-p< 5 mA rms< 1 mV rms< 3 mV p-p< 5 mA rms< 1 mV rms< 3 mV p-p< 6 mA rms< 1 mV rms< 3 mV p-p< 5 mA rms< 1 mV rms< 3 mV p-p< 5 mA rms

1 mV
1 mA

1 mV
1 mA

1 mV
1 mA

1 mV
1 mA

1 mV
1 mA

± 0.03% + 10 mV± 0.1% + 5 mA

± 0.03% + 10 mV± 0.1% + 5 mA

± 0.03% + 10 mV± 0.1% + 5 mA

± 0.03% + 10 mV± 0.1% + 5 mA

Ripple and Noise
Voltage (7MHz)
Current (20MHz)
Setting Resolution
Voltage
Current

Setting Accuracy± 0.03% + 10 mV
Voltage± 0.1% + 5 mA
Current
Meter Resolution
Voltage
Current

1 mV
1 mA

1 mV
1 mA

1 mV
1 mA

1 mV
1 mA

1 mV
1 mA

Meter Accuracy
Voltage
Current± 0.03% + 10 mV± 0.1% + 5 mA

± 0.03% + 10 mV± 0.1% + 5 mA

± 0.03% + 10 mV± 0.1% + 5 mA

± 0.03% + 10 mV± 0.1% + 5 mA

± 0.03% + 10 mV± 0.1% + 5 mA

Isolation Voltage, Output to Chassis: Any output
can be floated up to 240V (DC + peak AC with AC limited toa maximum of 3Vpk-pk and a maximum frequency of 60Hz)
relative to earth ground terminal.
Isolation Voltage, Output to Output: Any output canbe floated up to 240V (DC + peak AC with AC limited to a
maximum of 3Vpk-pk and a maximum frequency of 60Hz)
relative to any other output terminal.
Voltage Transient Response Settling Time, Load
Change (typical): <150ms to within 75mV following
a change from 0.1A to 1A.
Voltage Transient Response Settling Time, Setting
Change, Rising (typical): <150ms to within 75mV
following a change from 1V to 11V into a 10W resistor (Ch. 1,2); from 0.4V to 4V into a 4W resistor (ch. 3.)
Voltage Transient Response Settling Time, Setting
Change, Falling (typical): <150ms to within 75mV
following a change from 11V to 1V into a 10W resistor (Ch. 1,2); from 0.4V to 4V into a 4W resistor (ch. 3.)
Display: Vacuum fluorescent display.
Memory: 30 setup memories.
Tracking and Combination Modes:
Tracking Mode: Maintains the ratio on the two 30V output
channels that is present when the control is activated.
Combination V1+V2 Series Mode: Deliver up to 60 V when
CH1 and CH2 are wired in series. Meter reads back combined voltage.
Combination I1+12 Parallel Mode: Deliver up to 3 A when
CH1 and CH2 are wired in parallel. Meter reads back­combined ­current.
Rear panel Connections: USB Device Port, Type B connector, USBTMC compatible.

Power Source
110VAC Setting:Standard Versions: 99 to 121V rms.
Japan (J) Versions: 90 to 110V rms.
220VAC Setting:Standard Versions: 198 to 242V rms.
Japan (J) Versions: 180 to 220V rms.
Frequency:
47Hz to 63Hz.
Power Consumption: Standard Versions: 450VA.
Japan (J) Versions: 450VA.

Physical Characteristics
Protective boots and handle installed:
Height: 105.3mm (4.15 in.)
Width: 241.8mm (9.52 in.)
Depth: 384.0mm (15.12 in.)Protective boots and handle removed:
Height: 90.7mm (3.57 in.)
Width: 217.2mm (8.55 in.)
Depth: 361.6mm (14.24 in.)
Net Weight:
2220-30-1: 8.2 kg (18 lb.)
2230-30-1: 8.5 kg (19 lb.)
Shipping Weight:
2220-30-1: 11 kg (24 lb.)
2230-30-1: 11 kg (24 lb.)

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0 to 30 V
0 to 1.5 A

A Greater Measure of Confidence

Models 2220 and 2230 specifications

2220
2230

2220
2230

Multi-Channel Programmable
DC Power Supplies

Environmental and Safety
Operating: 0° to +40°C.
Storage: –20° to +70°C.
Relative Humidity (non-condensing):
Operating: 5% to 95% relative humidity at up to +40°C
Storage: 5% to 95% relative humidity at up to +40°C. 5% to 60% RH above +40°C up to +70°C, noncondensing.
Altitude:Operating: Up to 2000m.
Storage: Up to 4000m.
Safety:European Union: Complies with European Union EMC Directive.
USA: Nationally recognized testing laboratory listing UL61010-1-2004.
Canada: CAN/CSA C22.2 No. 61010-1 2004.

European Union: Complies with European Union Low Voltage Directive.
Australia: EMC Framework, demonstrated per Emission Standard AS/NZS 2064 (Industrial,
Scientific, and Medical Equipment).

Models 2220 and 2230 specifications

Model 2220-30-1 rear panel.

Electromagnetic Compatibility

Model 2230-30-1 rear panel.

DC POWER SUPPLIES

Models 2220 and 2230 specifications

Temperature:

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The Model 2308 Portable Device Battery/Charger
Simulator is optimized for use in testing mobile
phones and other portable, battery-operated
devices. When a device-under-test (DUT) transitions nearly instantaneously from a sleep or
standby mode to the full power transmit state,
the Model 2308’s rapid response to load changes
means there’s little transient voltage drop fromthe programmed output voltage and the output
recovers quickly. This fast response is particularly critical when testing portable devices witha pulsed mode of operation because it allows
the device to perform properly while it’s being
tested. In contrast, the slow-responding source
voltage typical of conventional power supplies
causes the DUT to perform improperly, leading to production yield problems and costly­retesting.
• Specialized dual-channel power
supply for design and testingof portable, battery-operated
devices• Ultra-fast response to pulsed
load operation• Speed-optimized command set
reduces test times• Variable output resistance forsimulating an actual battery’s
output response• Simulate a discharged battery
and test charge control circuit
performance with both abattery supply that can sink up
to 3A and a charger supply• Pulse peak, average, andbaseline current measurements• Integrating A/D converter for
more precise measurements• 100nA current measurement
sensitivity

DC POWER SUPPLIES

Portable Device Battery/Charger Simulator• Analog output for complete
load current waveformcharacterization• Catch production wiring
problems immediately with
open sense-lead detection• Built-in digital voltmeter• Four built-in digital control lines

The Model 2308 offers a complete solution for portable device sourcing and load current measurement. It has two independent power supply channels: one is optimized to simulate a battery; the­second channel is optimized to perform like a charger for a rechargeable battery. The battery channel’s variable output resistance can be used to simulate the internal resistance of a battery so design
and test engineers can simulate a battery’s output for testing devices under realistic operating conditions. This channel also sinks current to simulate a discharged battery. The charger channel can
supply a voltage to test a portable device’s battery charge control circuitry, with the battery channel
acting as the discharged battery load.
In addition to maintaining output voltage levels under difficult load conditions, the Model 2308
can measure a wide dynamic range of load current levels and can measure narrow current pulses(or pulses as narrow as 50µs). That makes it ideal for characterizing device power consumption by­making low-level sleep mode measurements as well as pulsed operating load currents.
Maximize production yield with fast response to load changes
Mobile phones, other portable devices (such as Bluetooth headsets, MP3 players, etc.), and RF components such as power amplifiers, power transistors, and transmitter modules experience large
instantaneous load changes when they transition from a standby state to full power operation. For amobile phone, the load current can change from
Applications
a 100mA standby current to a 1A transmission
current or a 10× (1000%) increase in the load
• Design and test of a widecurrent. The Model 2308 maintains a reliable,
range of consumer electronics,
stable level of voltage output, even when the
including:
DUT produces large load current changes and/or
has a pulsed operating mode.
– Mobile phones, mobile radios,
The Model 2308’s fast recovery from loadchanges helps prevent the causes of false failuresand destroyed devices in production test as wellas field failure quality problems due to compromised components. The Model 2308 assures youof a stable, constant voltage source to maximize
production yield and minimize production retest
and rework costs.

cordless phones, and Bluetooth
headsets– MP3 players, portable digitalassistants (PDAs), digital
cameras, GPS receivers, andnotebook computers• Design and test of electronic
components such as RFIC power
amplifiers, RF power transistors,
and baseband and wirelesschipsets for portable wirelessdevices

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Fast transient response power supply

Fast transient response power supply

2308

Portable Device Battery/Charger Simulator

2308

Portable Device Battery/
Charger Simulator

Fast transient response power supply

Accessories Supplied
CD with documentation,
output connectors mating
terminal (part no. CS-846)

ACCESSORIES AVAILABLE
2306-DISP
CS-846
SC-182

Remote Display
Mating Output Connector
Low Inductance Coaxial Cable

IEEE-488 Interface Controller Cards
KPCI-488LPA IEEE-488.2 Interface Board for the PCI bus
KUSB-488B IEEE-488.2 USB-to-GPIB Interface Adapter for USB
Port with built-in 2m (6.6ft) cable
IEEE-488 Interface Cables
7007-05 Double Shielded Premium IEEE-488 Cable, 0.5m (1.6ft)
7007-1 Double Shielded Premium IEEE-488 Cable, 1m (3.2ft)
7007-2 Double Shielded Premium IEEE-488 Cable, 2m (6.5ft)
7007-3 Double Shielded Premium IEEE-488 Cable, 3m (10ft)
7007-4 Double Shielded Premium IEEE-488 Cable, 4m (13ft)
Rack Mount Kits
4288-1
Single Fixed Rack Mount Kit
4288-2
Dual Fixed Rack Mount Kit

Services Available
2308-3Y-EW

1-Year Factory Warranty Extended to 3 Years for
the Model 2308
2308-3Y-17025 3 (ISO-17025 Accredited) Calibrations within 3
Years of Purchase2308-3Y-DATA 3 (ANSI-Z540-1 Compliant) Calibrations within 3
Years of Purchase

Model 2308 vs. Conventional
Power Supplies
Large load changes will cause a large instantaneous drop in a conventional power supply’s voltage output. If the supply’s recovery
time is long, the DUT will turn off when the
supply voltage falls below the DUT’s low
battery turn-off threshold—producing a
false failure. Even if the DUT does not turnoff, the drop-off in input power prevents
the output (RF or a power pulse) frommeeting its specification—a specification
failure. Furthermore, the conventional
power supply may have an excessively large
overshoot when the DUT’s load current
transitions from its operating load back to
its standby load. The magnitude of the transient overshoot voltage could even be large
enough to exceed the maximum safe input
voltage, either rendering the device inoperable or damaging some components—a
device failure or a field failure.

Conventional Power Supply
I

Model 2308
I

(500mA/div)(500mA/
div)

V

V(500mV/div)(500mV/
div)

Time 100µs/div

Time 100µs/div

Compare the response of a conventional power supply (left) with the response of a Model
2308 (right) when both are powering a device operating on the EDGE mobile phone standard.
Note how the conventional power supply distorts the load current and cannot maintain astable source voltage, which in turn distorts the RF output signal.

Reduce test costs and increase
throughput with high speedcommand structure
To minimize production test times while stillgiving you all the information you need to characterize your devices fully, the Model 2308 is
designed with a command structure optimized
for speed, with voltage step times as short as
6ms and DC load current measurements in just22ms. Commands that combine range changing
and current measurement let you acquire thecommand, make the measurement, and transfer
the data in as little as 30ms. In addition, special
operating modes, such as the pulse current step

mode, allow taking a number of measurements
on a complex load current waveform with asingle command.
Characterize load currents for
power consumption verification
Characterizing the battery life of portabledevices demands the ability to measure complex
current waveforms over a wide dynamic range.
The Model 2308 offers a far broader range ofcapabilities than conventional power supplies formeasuring low current levels, peak pulse current
levels, long-period load current waveforms, andmulti-level current waveforms. A choice of four

Fast transient response power supply

Ordering Information

Your DC source leads are a transmission line when yourportable device operates in a narrow pulsed mode.
Under pulsed operating conditions, your load circuit is an L-C-R network and that load impedance can cause problems for your power supply. Keithley’s fast transient power supplies aredesigned to maintain a stable voltage under difficult, narrow pulse, loading conditions and tomaintain the output voltage, even with long lengths of wire between the power supply and theDUT. The design of your DC sourcing test circuit requires just as much effort as your AC or RF
test circuits. Using a fast transient response, battery simulating power supply needs to be a key
part of your DC test c­ ircuit design.

dI
dt

Load Current
Source Leads

DUT
Sense Leads

Power Source

The DC source leads become a transmission line during dynamic load swings.

DC POWER SUPPLIES

2308

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2308

Portable Device Battery/Charger Simulator

Measure sleep and standby currents withthe accuracy of integrating A/D technology
The Model 2308 is designed for fast and accurate measurements of devices
in low power modes such as the sleep, hibernate, or standby state. It canresolve currents down to 100nA and measure them with 0.2% accuracy.
The Model 2308 uses an integrating A/D converter that continuously
acquires the signal rather than capturing discrete samples; this provides amore accurate measurement than other A/D techniques. In addition, theaveraging effect built into integrating A/D converters reduces noise anddelivers highly stable current readings. You can measure low and highcurrents at the same speed with no degradation in accuracy, so the Model
2308 is equally well-suited for the test line and the design lab.
Measure load currents from pulsed-output devices
Devices like GSM-, EDGE-, WLAN-, and WiMAX-based mobile phones generate pulsed outputs. Determining their total power consumption requires
measuring both the baseline current and the peak of the pulsed load
current. The Model 2308 can capture peak currents of pulses as short as
50µs and as long as 833ms. Programmable trigger levels allow controlled
capture of the pulse, then the Model 2308’s programmable measurement
delay and acquisition times make it easy to avoid rising edge transients so
the pulse peak can be measured accurately. The instrument can also measure the pulse baseline current and the pulse average load current.
A long integration current mode supports measuring pulse trains withperiods longer than 850ms. In this mode, the Model 2308 can measure
average current on a load current waveform with a period from 850ms to
60 seconds.
High current level
Trigger level

Low current level
High
Time

Low Time

I4

I2

DC POWER SUPPLIESTake multiple measurements on start-up sequences oron current levels at different voltage operating levels
Need to analyze a device’s circuitry during the power-up phase as it transitions from a sleep mode or an off-state? The Model 2308’s pulse step current function has the speed needed to measure the load current start-up
levels in a single device start-up so that the measurements can be performed in production without an increase in test time.
The pulse step current function also offers a fast way to determine load
currents of different operating states. For example, as source voltage levels
are varied over a device’s operating range, the corresponding operating
current levels can be measured without executing multiple commands for

Trigger Levels

I7

I8

With a single command, the Model 2308’s high speed pulse stepcurrent function can quickly capture varying load current levels to
speed test throughput.

a significant time-savings when testing integrated circuits over their allowable range of Vcc levels.
Capture the complete load current waveform
Two built-in analog outputs help designers of device’s verify design performance and ensure its current draw conforms to design specifications without the need to connect any sensing circuitry in the power supply circuit.
Once these outputs are connected to an oscilloscope or a data acquisition
module, the load current waveform can be displayed or digitized and analyzed in a computer. When the Model 2308 is connected to a data acquisition module, the data acquisition module can sample the waveform at any
sampling rate to create a record of any length desired.
Test under realistic conditions with true battery simulation
When a portable battery-operated device transitions from one load current
level to another, the battery voltage supplying the current will drop by
the product of the change in current and the battery’s internal resistance.
During the load current pulse, the device must operate with a voltage
reduced by the battery’s internal resistance. The Model 2308 allows simulating this resistance so its output is almost identical to a battery’s output,
allowing design or production test engineers to test devices or components
under realistic conditions. This patented1 technique permits the output
resistance to be programmed between 0W and 1W with 10mW resolution.
You can also decrease the voltage and increase the output resistance while
the output is on to simulate the discharge of the battery.
Lithium Ion Battery with
130mΩ Internal Resistance

Model 2308 with Output Resistance
Programmed to 130mΩ

Time 100µs/div

Time 100µs/div

I

(1A/
div)

V

(50mV/
div)

The Model 2308’s programmable output resistance (right) allows it tosimulate the output of a real battery (left), a capability conventional
power supplies do not have. The 2308 output is identical to thebattery’s response.
1.	 U.S. Patent Number 6,204,647 B1

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Load Currents
I6

I1

Average Time(out to 60s with long integration)

The Model 2308 can measure peak pulse currents, average currents,
and baseline currents.

I5

I3

A Greater Measure of Confidence

Fast transient response power supply

Fast transient response power supply

ranges (5mA, 50mA, 500mA, and 5A) allows measuring load currents
with exceptional resolution and accuracy.

2308

Battery Channel

Charger Channel

I

I

R
Vbattery+–+–Battery
Terminals

Vcharger > Vbattery

Charger
Terminals

For charger control circuit testing, the Model 2308’s battery channel
can sink current to simulate a discharged battery while the charger
channel simulates a charger. One instrument provides high versatility
for portable device testing.

Reduce testing errors and retesting costswith remote sense lead monitoring
Remote sensing capabilities let the Model 2308 ensure the voltage programmed is what is actually applied to the load. As DUTs are continuously
inserted and removed from test fixtures, the instrument ensures this programmed voltage is maintained with an open sense lead detection monitor—any break in a sense lead connection is detected immediately. The
open sense lead detection monitor eliminates the possibility that numerous
devices could be tested or calibrated at an incorrect voltage.

++–

Save with multiple instruments in one package –two power supplies, a DVM, digital controls, and aremote display
The Model 2308 saves on both instrumentation costs and rack space bypacking two independent power supply channels in one compact, 2U halfrack enclosure, along with additional capabilities power supplies rarely
offer. For example, the built-in DC digital voltmeter can measure voltages
in the DUT circuitry from -5VDC to +30VDC. The DVM and the battery
channel voltage source can operate simultaneously. For many applications,
the Model 2308 can eliminate the need for a separate DMM.
The digital outputs the Model 2308 provides can sink up to 100mA to control relays. External relays can be powered either by the internal 5V sourceor an external source with a maximum voltage of 24V. For applications that
require only a few digital control lines, the Model 2308 eliminates the needfor an additional control module.
Need to reduce your test
system size or want more system organization flexibility?
Then mount the Model 2308
in the back of a test rack ornear the test fixture—mounting the instrument in thetest rack is unnecessary. The
Model 2308’s tiny (4.6 in. ×
2.7 in.) remote display can be
The Model 2306-DISP display can bemounted anywhere for easy
viewing of the outputs of both mounted for easy viewing when the
instrument itself must be mounted inchannels. If the Model 2308 is
an inaccessible location.
inaccessible, you can control itfrom the remote display because it has all the front panel pushbuttons thatare on the instrument itself.
Reduce test system problems with low impedance cable
Keithley’s SC-182 Low Inductance Coaxial Cable is designed to minimize
the impedance and reduce the susceptibility to external EMI in your DC
source-DUT circuit. This cable’s characteristic impedance is nominally 15W
with a low 42nH/ft of inductance and a low 182pF/ft of capacitance. In contrast, a typical coaxial cable has 50W or 75W characteristic impedance andtwisted-wire pairs have at least 80W of characteristic impedance.

VOUT

Rsense

–
+
VIN

DVM

–5V to +30V DC–
The Model 2308’s charger channel contains a built-in DVM, eliminating
the need for a separate instrument in many test systems.

Model 2308 rear panel

DC POWER SUPPLIESFast transient response power supply

Test a device’s charge control circuitry
Both channels of the Model 2308 sink up to 3A of current continuously.
Therefore, the battery channel can act like a discharged re-chargeable­battery. The charger channel can supply a charging voltage for use in­testing the operation of the DUT’s charging control circuitry. Because thecharger channel can also act as an electronic load, the battery channel canoperate the device and the charger channel can act as a load to test a battery capacity monitor or some other device function that requires a load.

Fast transient response power supply

Portable Device Battery/Charger Simulator

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2308

Portable Device Battery/Charger Simulator

DC VOLTAGE OUTPUT (1 Year, 23°C ± 5°C)

DC CURRENT (1 Year, 23°C ± 5°C) (continued)

OUTPUT VOLTAGE: 0 to +15VDC.
OUTPUT ACCURACY: (0.05% + 3mV).
PROGRAMMING RESOLUTION: 1mV.
READBACK ACCURACY1: ±(0.05% + 3mV).
READBACK RESOLUTION: 1mV.
OUTPUT VOLTAGE SETTLING TIME: 5ms to within stated accuracy.
LOAD REGULATION: 0.01% + 2mV.
LINE REGULATION: 0.5mV.
STABILITY2: 0.01% + 0.5mV.
MEASUREMENT TIME CHOICES: 0.002 to 10PLC3, in 0.002PLC steps.
AVERAGE READINGS: 1 to 10.
TRANSIENT RESPONSE:
High Bandwidth
Low Bandwidth<35 µs5<50 µs5
Transient Recovery Time4
Transient Voltage Drop
<90 mV5<180 mV5
REMOTE SENSE: 1V max. drop in each lead. Add 2mV to the voltage load regulation specification for each 1V change in the negative output lead due to load current change. Remote sense
required. Integrity of connection continually monitored. If compromised, output will turn off
automatically once settable window (±0 to ±8 volts) around normal voltage exceeded.
Variable Output Impedance: Range: 0 to 1.00W in 0.01W steps. Value can be changed with
output on.

SOURCE COMPLIANCE ACCURACY: ±(0.16% + 5mA).2
PROGRAMMED SOURCE COMPLIANCE RESOLUTION: ±1.25mA.
READBACK ACCURACY: 5A Range:±(0.2% + 200µA).
		500mA Range: ±(0.2% + 100µA).
		
50 mA Range: ±(0.2% + 5µA).
		
5mA Range: ±(0.2% + 2µA).
READBACK RESOLUTION: 5A Range:
100µA.
		
500mA Range: 10µA.
		
50 mA Range: 1µA.
		
5mA Range: 0.1µA.
LOAD REGULATION: 0.01% + 1mA.
LINE REGULATION: 0.5mA.
STABILITY: 0.01% + 50µA.
MEASUREMENT TIME CHOICES: 0.002 to 10 PLC3, in 0.002PLC steps.
AVERAGE READINGS: 1 to 10.

NOTES
1.	 At PLC (Power Line Cycle) = 1.
2.	 Following 15 minute warm-up, the change in output over 8 hours under ambient temperature, constant load,
and line operating conditions.
3.	 PLC = Power Line Cycle. 1PLC = 16.7ms for 60Hz operation, 20ms for 50Hz operation.
4.	 Recovery to within 20mV of previous level.
5.	 Remote sense, at terminals 1 and 6, with 4.5m (15 feet) 16 AWG (1.31mm2) twisted pair, with 1.5A load change,(0.15A to 1.65A) resistive load only, typical.

DC CURRENT (1 Year, 23°C ± 5°C)
CONTINUOUS AVERAGE OUTPUT CURRENT
Channel #2 (Charger) OFF:I = 50W/(Vset channel 1 + 6V); 5A max.1
Channel #2 (Charger) ON:
I = (50W – power consumed by channel #2)/(Vset channel 1 + 6V); 5A max.1
The power consumed by channel #2 is calculated as:
Channel #2 Sourcing Current: Power consumed = (Vset channel 2 + 6V) × (current supplied).
Channel #2 Sinking Current: Power consumed = 5V × (sink current).

DC POWER SUPPLIESCONTINUOUS AVERAGE SINK CURRENT
Channel #2 (Charger) OFF:
0–5V: 3A max.
5–15V: Derate 0.2A per volt above 5V. Compliance setting controls sinking.
Channel #2 (Charger) ON:
Available Current = (50W – Power consumed by channel #2)/5V; 3A max. (0–5V).
Derate 0.2A per volt above 5V.

NOTES

1.	 Peak current can be a max. of 5A provided the average current is within the stated limits and terminals 1 and 6
are used.
2.	 Minimum current in constant current mode is 6mA.
3.	 PLC = Power Line Cycle. 1PLC = 16.7ms for 60Hz operation, 20ms for 50Hz operation.

PULSE CURRENT MEASUREMENT OPERATIONTRIGGER LEVEL: 5A Range:
0A to 5A, in 5mA steps.
		
500mA Range: 0mA to 500mA, in 0.5mA or 500µA steps.
		
50mA Range: 0mA to 50mA, in 0.05mA or 50µA steps.
		
5mA Range: 0mA to 5mA, in 0.005mA or 5µA steps.
TRIGGER DELAY: 0 to 100ms, in 10µs steps.
INTERNAL TRIGGER DELAY: 10µs.
HIGH/LOW/AVERAGE MODE: Measurement Aperture Settings: 33.3µs to 833ms, in 33.3µs
steps. Average Readings: 1 to 100.
PULSE CURRENT MEASUREMENT ACCURACY1 (1 Year, 23°C ± 5°C):
Accuracy ±(% reading + offset)
Aperture<100 µs
100 µs – 200 µs
200 µs – 500 µs
500 µs – <1 PLC
1 PLC2>1 PLC

5A Range
0.3% +    2 mA
0.3% +    2 mA
0.3% +    2 mA
0.3% + 900 µA
0.3% + 900 µA
0.3% + 900 µA

500mA Range
0.3% +    1 mA
0.3% +    1 mA
0.3% +    1 mA
0.3% + 900 µA
0.3% + 900 µA
0.3% + 900 µA

5mA Range
0.3% + 200 µA
0.3% + 100 µA
0.3% + 100 µA
0.3% + 90 µA
0.3% + 90 µA
0.3% + 90 µA

NOTES

1.	 Based on settled signal: 100µs pulse trigger delay.
2.	 Also applies to other apertures that are integer multiples of 1PLC.

BURST MODE CURRENT MEASUREMENTMEASUREMENT APERTURE: 33.3µs to 833ms, in 33.3µs steps.
CONVERSION RATE: 4100/second, typical.1
INTERNAL TRIGGER DELAY: 10µs.
NUMBER OF SAMPLES: 1 to 5000.
TRANSFER SAMPLES ACROSS IEEE BUS IN BINARY MODE2: 4400 readings/s, typical (4 bytes
per reading).
NOTES

1.	 At 33.3µs aperture.
2.	 Display off, Message Exchange Protocol (MEP) off, auto zero off.

LONG INTEGRATION MODE CURRENT MEASUREMENTMEASUREMENT TIME, 60Hz (50Hz): 850ms (840ms) to 60 seconds in 1ms steps.

ANALOG OUTPUT
5A/500mA output: 1V/A ± 25mA (typical).
50mA/5mA output: 1V/10mA ± 0.25mA (typical).
Internal Impedance: 1000W (nominal).

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50mA Range
0.3% + 700 µA
0.3% + 700 µA
0.3% + 700 µA
0.3% + 500 µA
0.3% + 200 µA
0.3% + 200 µA

A Greater Measure of Confidence

Model 2308 specifications

Model 2308 specifications

OUTPUT #1 (Battery Channel):

2308

Portable Device Battery/Charger Simulator

DC CURRENT (1 Year, 23°C ± 5°C) (continued)

OUTPUT VOLTAGE: 0 to +15VDC.
OUTPUT ACCURACY: ±(0.05% + 10mV).
PROGRAMMING RESOLUTION: 10mV.
READBACK ACCURACY1: ±(0.05% + 3mV).
READBACK RESOLUTION: 1mV.
OUTPUT VOLTAGE SETTLING TIME: 5ms to within stated accuracy.
LOAD REGULATION: 0.01% + 2mV.
LINE REGULATION: 0.5mV.
STABILITY2: 0.01% + 0.5mV.
MEASUREMENT TIME CHOICES: 0.002 to 10 PLC3, in 0.002 PLC steps.
AVERAGE READINGS: 1 to 10.
TRANSIENT RESPONSE:
High Bandwidth Low Bandwidth<50 µs5<60 µs5
Transient Recovery Time4<500 mV5
Transient Voltage Drop
<180 mV5
REMOTE SENSE: 1V max. drop in each lead. Add 2mV to the voltage load regulation specification for each 1V change in the negative output lead due to load current change. Remote sense
required. Integrity of connection continually monitored. If compromised, output will turn off
automatically once settable window (±0 to ±8 volts) around normal voltage exceeded.

SOURCE COMPLIANCE ACCURACY: ±(0.16% + 5mA).2
PROGRAMMED SOURCE COMPLIANCE RESOLUTION: ±1.25mA.
READBACK ACCURACY: 5A Range: ±(0.2% + 200µA).
		
5mA Range: ±(0.2% + 2µA).
READBACK RESOLUTION: 5A Range: 100µA.
		
5mA Range: 0.1µA.
LOAD REGULATION: 0.01% + 1mA.
LINE REGULATION: 0.5mA.
STABILITY: 0.01% + 50µA.
MEASUREMENT TIME CHOICES: 0.002 to 10 PLC3, in 0.002 PLC steps.
AVERAGE READINGS: 1 to 10.

NOTES
1.	 At 1PLC.
2.	 Following 15 minute warm-up, the change in output over 8 hours under ambient temperature, constant load,
and line operating conditions.
3.	 PLC = Power Line Cycle. 1PLC = 16.7ms for 60Hz operation, 20ms for 50Hz operation.
4.	 Recovery to within 20mV of previous level.
5.	 Remote sense, with 4.5m (15 feet) of 16 AWG (1.31mm2) wire, 1.5A load change (0.15A to 1.65A), resistive
load only.

DC CURRENT (1 Year, 23°C ± 5°C)
CONTINUOUS AVERAGE OUTPUT CURRENT
Channel #1 (Battery) OFF:I = 50W/(Vset channel 2 + 6V); 5A max.1
Channel #1 (Battery) ON:
I = (50W – power consumed by channel #1)/(Vset channel 2 + 6V); 5A max.1
The power consumed by channel #1 is calculated as:
Channel #1 Sourcing Current: Power consumed = (Vset channel 1 + 6V) × (current supplied).
Channel #1 Sinking Current: Power consumed = 5V × (sink current).
CONTINUOUS AVERAGE SINK CURRENT
Channel #1 (Battery) OFF:
0–5V: 3A max.
5–15V: Derate 0.2A per volt above 5V. Compliance setting controls sinking.
Channel #1 (Battery) ON:
Available Current = (50W – Power consumed by channel #1)/5V; 3A max. (0–5V)1.
Derate 0.2A per volt above 5V.

NOTES
1.	 Peak current can be a max. of 5A provided the average current is within the stated limits.
2.	 Minimum current in constant current mode is 6mA.
3.	 PLC = Power Line Cycle. 1PLC = 16.7ms for 60Hz operation, 20ms for 50Hz operation.

PULSE CURRENT MEASUREMENT OPERATIONTRIGGER LEVEL: 5A Range: 5mA to 5A, in 5mA steps.
TRIGGER DELAY: 0 to 100ms, in 10µs steps.
INTERNAL TRIGGER DELAY: 10µs.
HIGH/LOW/AVERAGE MODE:
Measurement Aperture Settings: 33.3µs to 833ms, in 33.3µs steps.
Average Readings: 1 to 100.
PULSE CURRENT MEASUREMENT ACCURACY1 (1 Year, 23°C ± 5°C):
Accuracy ±(% reading + offset)
Aperture<100 µs
100 µs – 200 µs
200 µs – 500 µs
500 µs – <1 PLC
1 PLC2>1 PLC

Model 2308 specifications

DC VOLTAGE OUTPUT (1 Year, 23°C ± 5°C)

5A Range
0.3% +    2 mA
0.3% +    2 mA
0.3% +    2 mA
0.3% + 900 µA
0.3% + 900 µA
0.3% + 900 µA

NOTES
1.	 Based on settled signal: 100µs pulse trigger delay.
2.	 Also applies to other apertures that are integer multiples of 1PLC.

BURST MODE CURRENT MEASUREMENTMEASUREMENT APERTURE: 33.3µs to 833ms, in 33.3µs steps.
CONVERSION RATE: 4100/second, typical.1
INTERNAL TRIGGER DELAY: 10µs.
NUMBER OF SAMPLES: 1 to 5000.
TRANSFER SAMPLES ACROSS IEEE BUS IN BINARY MODE2: 4400 readings/s, typical (4 bytes
per reading).
NOTES
1.	 At 33.3µs aperture.
2.	 Display off, Message Exchange Protocol (MEP) off, auto zero off.

DC POWER SUPPLIES

Model 2308 specifications

OUTPUT #2 (Charger Channel)

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2308

OUTPUT #2 (Charger Channel) (continued)

GENERAL

LONG INTEGRATION MODE CURRENT MEASUREMENTISOLATION (LOW–EARTH): 22VDC max. Do not exceed 60VDC between any two terminalsof either connector.
PROGRAMMING: IEEE-488.2 (SCPI).
USER-DEFINABLE POWER-UP STATES: 4.
REAR PANEL CONNECTORS: Two 8-position quick disconnect terminal blocks.
TEMPERATURE COEFFICIENT (outside 23°C ±5°C): Derate accuracy specification by(0.1 × specification)/°C.
OPERATING TEMPERATURE: 0° to 50°C (derate to 70%). 0° to 35°C (Full power).
STORAGE TEMPERATURE: –20° to 70°C.
HUMIDITY: <80% @ 35°C non-condensing.
DISPLAY TYPE: 2-line × 16 character VFD.
REMOTE DISPLAY/KEYPAD OPTION: Disables standard front panel.
DIMENSIONS: 89mm high × 213mm wide × 411mm deep (3½ in × 83⁄8 in × 163⁄16 in).
NET WEIGHT: 3.2kg (7.1 lbs).
SHIPPING WEIGHT: 5.4kg (12 lbs).
INPUT POWER: 100–120VAC/220–240VAC, 50 or 60Hz (auto detected at power-up).
POWER CONSUMPTION: 150VA max.
EMC: Conforms with European Union Directive 2004/108/EC.
Safety: Conforms with European Union Directive 2006/95/EC, EN 61010-1.
AC LINE LEAKAGE CURRENT: 450µA @ 110VAC, typ.; 600µA @ 220V, typical.
RELAY CONTROL PORT: 4-channel, each capable of 100mA sink, 24V max. Total port sinkcapacity (all 4 combined) is 250mA max. Accepts DB-9 male plug. A source of +5VDC referenced to output common is also provided on the port to power external 5V relays.

MEASUREMENT TIME, 60Hz (50Hz): 850ms (840ms) to 60 seconds in 1ms steps.

Model 2308 specifications

DIGITAL VOLTMETER INPUT (1 Year, 23°C ± 5°C)
INPUT VOLTAGE RANGE: –5 to +30VDC.
INPUT IMPEDANCE: 2MW typical.
MAX. VOLTAGE (either input terminal) WITH RESPECT TO OUTPUT LOW: –5V, +30V.
READING ACCURACY: ±(0.05% + 3mV).
READING RESOLUTION: 1mV.
CONNECTOR: HI and LO input pair part of Output #2’s terminal block.
MEASUREMENT TIME CHOICES: 0.002 to 10 PLC1, in 0.002 PLC steps.
AVERAGE READINGS: 1 to 10.
NOTES
1.	 PLC = 1.00 Power Line Cycle.

Operating Speeds (Typical)
Voltage Step Time 1
DC Current Reading Time 1, 2, 3
DC Current Range Change and Read Time 1, 2, 3
Digital Voltmeter 1, 2, 3

Channel 1
6 ms
22 ms
27 ms

NOTES

Channel 2
7 ms
22 ms
22 ms

DC POWER SUPPLIES

1.	 Display off, message exchange protocal (MEP) off, auto zero off.
2.	 PLC = 1 power line cycle.
3.	 Includes measurement and binary data transfer out of the GPIB port.

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Model 2308 specifications

Portable Device Battery/Charger Simulator• Choice of single- or dualchannel supplies• Optimized for development
and testing of battery-powered
devices• Variable output resistancefor simulating battery response(U.S. Patent No. 6,204,647)• Pulse peak, average, andbaseline current measurements• 100nA DC current sensitivity• Current step measure function• Sink up to 3A• Open sense lead detection• Built-in digital voltmeter

Services Available
2302-3Y-EW
2306-PJ-3Y-EW
2306-3Y-EW
2306-PJ-3Y-EW
C/2302-3Y-ISO
C/2306-3Y-ISO

1-year factory warranty extended to 3 years
from date of shipment
1-year factory warranty extended to 3 years
from date of shipment
1-year factory warranty extended to 3 years
from date of shipment
1-year factory warranty extended to 3 years
from date of shipment
3 (ISO-17025 accredited) calibrations within 3
years of purchase for Model 2302, 2302-PJ
3 (ISO-17025 accredited) calibrations within 3
years of purchase for Models 2306, 2306-PJ

Maximize Test Throughput with Accurate Battery Simulation
The battery-output channels of the Models 2302 and 2306 are designed to simulate the output
response of a battery. This capability, combined with their fast transient response, makes it possible
to power the device during testing in exactly thesame way as a battery will power the device
Battery2302/2306
during actual use. The output resistance of theModel 2302’s and the Model 2306’s battery chanROUT
RINT
nel can be programmed (with 10mW resolution)over the range from 0W to 1W so that the out++
put resistance can be set to the same level as theVVoutput resistance of the battery that powers the––device. See Figure 1.
Portable wireless devices make great demandson their battery power sources. The battery mustsource load currents that can jump virtually
instantaneously from a standby current level(100–300mA) to a full-power RF transmission
current level (1–3A). In other words, the load
current on the battery can increase rapidly bya factor of 700–1000%. As a result, the battery
voltage drops by an amount equal to the valueof the current change multiplied by the battery’sinternal resistance. The Models 2302 and 2306
power supplies enable test systems to duplicate
this voltage drop by programming their output
resistance to be equivalent to that of the battery
that will power the device. This allows wireless device manufacturers to test their products
under the same power conditions that they willencounter in actual use. (See Figure 2.)

Fast transient response power supplies• Ultrafast response to transientload currents

The single-channel Model 2302 Battery
Simulator and dual-channel Model 2306 Battery/
Charger Simulator were designed specifically fordevelopment and test applications of portable,
battery-operated products, such as cellular andcordless telephones, mobile radios, and pagers.
These precision power supplies have ultrafast
transient response so they can have output
characteristics identical to actual batteries.
These supplies employ a unique variable output
resistance so the voltage output can emulate abattery’s response (U.S. Patent No. 6,204,647).
They provide stable voltage outputs, even whena device-under-test (DUT) makes the rapid transition from the standby (low current) state to the
RF transmission (high current) state. In addition,
they can monitor DUT power consumption bymeas­uring both DC currents and pulse load currents. The Model 2302’s and the Model 2306’s
battery-simulator channel can be programmed
to operate like a discharged rechargeable battery, sinking current from a separate charger or from theModel 2306’s charger-­simulator channel.

Figure 1. Simplified schematic of a battery
and the 2302/2306.

ACCESSORIES AVAILABLE
2306-DISP
CS-846

Remote Display
Mating Output Connector

CABLES
7007-17007-2
SC-182

Shielded IEEE-488 Cable, 1m (3.3 ft)
Shielded IEEE-488 Cable, 2m (6.6 ft)
Low-Inductance Coaxial Cable (42nH/ft)

RACK MOUNT KITS
4288-1
Single Fixed Rack Mount Kit
4288-2
Dual Fixed Rack Mount Kit
IEEE-488 Interfaces
KPCI-488LPA
IEEE-488 Interface/Controller for the PCI Bus
KUSB-488B
IEEE-488 USB-to-GPIB Interface Adapter

DC POWER SUPPLIESFast transient response power supplies

2302, 2302-PJ, Battery Simulator
2306, 2306-PJ Battery/Charger Simulators

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2302, 2302-PJ, Battery Simulator
2306, 2306-PJ Battery/Charger Simulators

DC POWER SUPPLIES

2302	Battery Simulator
2302-PJ	Battery Simulator
with 500mA Range
2306
Dual-Channel Battery/
Charger Simulator
2306-PJ Dual-Channel Battery/
Charger Simulator
with 500mA Range
Accessories Supplied
User and service manuals,
CS-846 output connectors­mating terminal

Conventional Power Supplies
and Wireless Device Testing
During production testing, supplying
power to a device that undergoes large,
instantaneous load current changes can be
extremely difficult. Changes like this force
a conventional power supply’s output voltage to fall instantaneously. When the power
supply’s control circuitry senses the error
condition (the difference in voltage between
the programmed level and the actuallevel), it attempts to correct or restore thevoltage to the programmed level. During
this time, the voltage will fall or droop
substantially, with the amount of the droop
depending on the size of the load current
change. The recovery time depends on thetransient response of the power supply’s
control loop. Conventional power supplies
have transient voltage drops of >1V whenconfronted with load current changes of
up to 1000%, and take up to a millisecond
to recover to the programmed voltage. For
portable devices such as cellular phonesthat operate at full power for only shortintervals, the full power event is over before
the conventional power supply can recover.
For example, a cellular phone designed to
the GSM cellular phone standard transmits
and receives information in 576µs pulses. If
the power supply used to test these types ofphones cannot recover quickly enough, theperformance of the phone during testing
will be compromised by the power supply.
If the power supply voltage drops below thethreshold of the phone’s low battery detection circuitry for long enough, then thephone will turn off during testing, giving a
false indication of a failed device.

Figure 2. Comparison of the voltage outputs of a lithium-ion battery (with an internal resistance of260mW) and the Model 2306’s battery channel (programmed with an output resistance of 260mW)
when powering a cellular telephone as it makes the transition from standby mode to transmit mode.

In response to large load changes, the Model
2302 and the battery channel of the Model 2306
have transient voltage droops of less than 100mV
and transient recovery times of less than 60µs,
even when the test leads between the power
supply and the DUT are long. This fast transient
response, combined with the supplies’ variable output resistance, allows engineers to test
their portable products under the most realistic
operating conditions and e­ liminate false failuresdue to conventional power supplies with slow
response times. (See the sidebar titled “Con­ventional Power Supplies and Wireless Device
Testing.”) These supplies also eliminate the large
stabilizing capacitors needed at the DUT to compensate for the large droop that occurs when
testing with conventional power supplies. By
varying the output resistance, which can be done
while the output is turned on, test engineers cansimulate the operation of different battery types,
as well as batteries nearing the end of their­useful lives.
The Models 2302 and 2306 ensure maximum
production throughput when testing portabledevices by minimizing false failures, minimizing
the number of test setups by performing multiple tests with the same power supply, and minimizing test fixture complexity by eliminating theneed for v­ oltage-stabilizing capacitors.
Measure Load Currents forPower Consumption Verification
or Analysis
As manufacturers of portable devices strive toextend their products’ battery life, measuringload currents accurately has become increasingly
essential in both design and production test inorder to ensure the product meets its demanding
specifications. Comprehensive testing of thesedevices requires measuring peak currents, average currents, and baseline currents in various
operation modes. When testing these devices,
these measurements are complicated by the pulsating nature of load currents, such as the transmit and receive load currents of digital cellular
phones. The Models 2302 and 2306 can measure
the peak and average currents of pulses as short
as 60µs and as long as 833ms. (See Figure 3.)

High current level
Trigger level
Average current level
Low current level
High
Time

Low Time

Average Time(out to 60s with long integration)

Figure 3. Built-in pulse current measurement functions allow test engineers to measure peak,average, and baseline load currents.

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Fast transient response power supplies

Fast transient response power supplies

Ordering Information

2302, 2302-PJ,
2306, 2306-PJ

Battery Simulator
Battery/Charger Simulators

Verify Load Currents in All Operating States
The Models 2302 and 2306 employ a unique pulse current step function
for measuring the load current at each level of a device’s operational
states. (See Figure 4.) For example, if a cellular phone is ramped up anddown through as many as 20 discrete power consumption states, theModels 2302 and 2306 can measure the load currents in synchronization
with the current steps. This capability allows a test engineer to verify
performance at each operational state and simultaneously acquire power
consumption information. The fast current measure capability is anotherway the Models 2302 and 2306 power supplies save test time and production costs.
I4
I5

I3
I2

Load Currents
I6

Trigger Levels

I1

I7

Charger Channel

I

I

R
Vbattery–+–Battery
Terminals

Charger
Terminals

the output voltage does not change from the programmed level, which
could cause production devices to be improperly calibrated, the user can
set high and low l­imits around the desired voltage level.
Independent Digital Voltmeter Inputs
Many programmable power supplies offer output readback capabilities, but
the Model 2302 and 2306 also offer DVM inputs. Both instruments allow
measuring signals from –5V to +30V DC anywhere in the test system withthe same rated accuracy as the voltage readback. The Model 2306 has two
sets of DVM inputs; the Model 2302 has one. The DVMs and the powersources can operate simultaneously. For many applications, these built-in
DVMs eliminate the expense and space required to add a separate voltage
measurement ­instrument.

ROUT

+
–

RI Sense

Simulate a Discharged Battery for Charger Testing
The Models 2302 and 2306 can sink up to 3A continuously, just likean electronic load. This allows these supplies to simulate a discharged
rechargeable battery for use in testing the performance of battery chargers
or battery charger control circuitry.
The Model 2306 Battery/Charger Simulator combines the functionality ofboth the charging current source (the charger channel) and the current
sinking to simulate the recharging of a discharged battery (the battery
channel) in a single enclosure. (See Figure 5.)Open-Sense Lead Detection
The Model 2302 and 2306 have an automatic open–sense lead detection­capability, which indicates if there is a broken remote sense lead or an
open connection from a remote sense lead to the test fixture. To ensure

Vcharger > Vbattery

Figure 5. For charger control circuit testing applications, the Model
2306 and 2306-PJ can provide the functions of both a chargersimulating source and a discharged battery simulator.

I8

Figure 4. These power supplies can obtain a load current profile
synchronized to the transitions of a DUT as it is stepped through its
operating states.

+

Fast transient response power supplies

Measure Low Currents Accurately
The Models 2302 and 2306 are based on Keithley’s expertise in low current
measurement technologies, so they’re well-suited for making fast, accurate
measurements of sleep and standby mode currents. With 100nA resolution
and 0.2% basic accuracy, they provide the precision needed to monitor the
low sleep mode currents of both today’s battery-operated products and­tomorrow’s.

battery Channel

+
VOUT

–
+
VIN

DVM

–5V to +30V DC–
Figure 6. Model 2302 and Model 2306 Battery Channel Block Diagram.
The Model 2306 charger channel is identical except it does not havethe variable output resistance.

DC POWER SUPPLIESFast transient response power supplies

Measure Long-Period Waveform Currents
For pulse trains with periods longer than 850ms, the Models 2302 and2306 offer a unique, long integration current measurement mode. Thismode can provide an average measurement of a current waveform from850ms up to 60 seconds long.

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Battery Simulator
Battery/Charger Simulators

Big Functionality in a Small Package
For high volume production environments where floor and test rack space
are at a premium, the Model 2306 packs two power supplies into one
half-rack enclosure. In addition to power control, both the Model 2302
and 2306 provide extensive measurement capabilities in the same halfrack case. The front panel of each unit displays the user’s choice of either
the output voltage and output current, the average, peak, and baseline
pulse current levels, long integration currents, or DC DVM meas­urements.
A minimum of front panel buttons ensures that operation is simple andstraightforward.
For additional control requirements, the Models 2302 and 2306 each havefour digital relay control outputs and a 5V DC output to power a relay coil.

GENERAL
Isolation (low–earth): 22V DC max. For Models 2302-PJ, 2306 and 2306-PJ, do not exceed
60V DC between any two terminals of either connector.
Programming: IEEE-488.2 (SCPI).
User-Definable Power-Up States: 5 (4 for Models 2302-PJ and 2306-PJ).
Rear Panel Connectors: Two (one for Models 2302, 2302-PJ) 8-position quick disconnect terminal block for output (4), sense (2), and DVM (2).
Temperature Coefficient (outside 23°C ±5°C): Derate accuracy specification by (0.1 ×
specification)/°C.
Operating Temperature: 0° to 50°C (Derate to 70%). 0° to 35°C (Full power).
Storage Temperature: –20° to 70°C.
Humidity: <80% @ 35°C non-condensing.
Display Type: 2-line × 16-character VFD.
Remote Display/Keypad Option: Disables standard front panel.
Dimensions: 89mm high × 213mm wide × 411mm deep (3½ in × 83 ⁄8 in × 163 ⁄16 in).
Net Weight: 3.2kg (7.1 lbs).
Shipping Weight: 5.4kg (12 lbs).
Input Power: 100–120V AC/220–240V AC, 50 or 60Hz (auto detected at power-up).
Power Consumption: 150VA max.
EMC: 2302, 2306: Conforms with European Union Directive 89/336/EEC, EN 55011, EN
50082-1, EN 61000-3-2 and 61000-3-3, FCC part 15 class B. 2302-PJ, 2306-PJ: Conforms
with European Union Directive 89/336/EEC.
Safety: 2302, 2306: Conforms with European Union Directive 73/23/EEC, EN 61010-1.
2302-PJ, 2306-PJ: Conforms with European Union Directive 73/23/EEC.
AC LINE LEAKAGE CURRENT: 450µA @ 110VAC, typ.; 600µA @ 220V, typ.
relay control Port: 4-channel, each capable of 100mA sink, 24V max. Total port sinkcapacity (all 4 combined) is 250mA max. Accepts DB-9 male plug.

DC POWER SUPPLIES

Figure 7. Model 2306 Rear Panel showing 8-position power output
connectors, RJ-45 remote display connector, DB-9 relay output
connector, IEEE-488 connector, and power input socket.

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Fast transient response power supplies

2302, 2302-PJ,
2306, 2306-PJ

2302, 2302-PJ,
2306, 2306-PJ

Battery Simulator
Battery/Charger Simulators
PULSE Current Measurement OPERATION

Output Voltage: 0 to +15V DC.
Output Accuracy: ±(0.05% + 3mV).
Programming Resolution: 1mV.
Readback Accuracy1: ±(0.05% + 3mV).
Readback Resolution: 1mV.
OUTPUT VOLTAGE SETTLING TIME: 5ms to within stated accuracy.
Load regulation: 0.01% + 2mV.
Line Regulation: 0.5mV.
Stability2: 0.01% + 0.5mV.
MEASUREMENT TIME CHOICES: 0.01 to 10PLC7, in 0.01PLC steps.
AVERAGE READINGS: 1 to 10.
Reading Time 1, 8, 9: 31ms, typical.
Transient RESPONSE:
High Bandwidth	Low Bandwidth<40µs3 or <60µs4<80µs3 or <100µs4
Transient Recovery Time13
Transient Voltage Drop
<75mV3 or <100mV4<250mV3 or <400mV4
Remote Sense: 1V max. drop in each lead. Add 2mV to the voltage load regulation specification foreach 1V change in the negative output lead due to load current change. Remote sense required.
Integrity of connection continually monitored. If compromised, output will turn off automaticallyonce settable window (±0 to ±8V) around normal voltage exceeded.

Trigger Level:
5A Current Range
5A Range:
5mA to 5A, in 5mA steps.
1A Range:
1mA to 1A, in 1mA steps.
100mA Range: 0.1mA to 100mA, in 100µA steps.
500mA Current Range (2302-PJ and 2306-PJ)
500mA Range: 0.5mA to 500mA, in 0.5mA steps.
100mA Range: 0.1mA to 100mA, in 100µA steps.
10mA Range: 100µA to 10mA, in 100µA steps.
Trigger Delay: 0 to 100ms, in 10µs steps.
Internal Trigger Delay: 15µs.
High/Low/Average Mode:
Measurement Aperture Settings: 33.3µs to 833ms, in 33.3µs steps.
Average Readings: 1 to 100.
Pulse Current Measurement Accuracy11 (2 Years, 23°C ±5°C):

Variable Output Impedance
Range: 0 to 1.00W in 0.01W steps. Value can be changed with output on.

DC CURRENT (2 Years, 23°C ± 5°C)
Continuous Average Output Current (2302, 2302-PJ):
0–4V: 5A max.
>4V: IMAX = 60W/(VSET +6) (not intended to be operated in parallel).
Peak currents can be a maximum of 5A provided the average current is within the above limits.
Continuous Average Output Current (2306, 2306-PJ):
Channel #2 (Charger) OFF:I = 50W/(Vset channel 1 + 6V); 5A max.
Channel #2 (Charger) ON:
I = (50W – Power consumed by channel #2)/(Vset channel 1 + 6V); 5A max.
		 The power consumed by channel #2 is calculated as:
			 Channel #2 sourcing current:			 Power consumed = (Vset channel 2 + 6V) × (current supplied)			 Channel #2 sinking current:			 Power consumed = 5 × (sink current)
Peak currents can be a maximum of 5A provided the average current is within the above limits.
Continuous Average Sink Current:
Channel #2 (Charger) OFF:
0–5V: 3A max.
5–15V: Derate 0.2A per volt above 5V. Compliance setting controls sinking.
Channel #2 (Charger) ON:
Available current = (50W – Power consumed by channel #2)/5; 3A max. (0–5V).
Derate 0.2A per volt above 5V.
Source Compliance Accuracy: ±(0.16% + 5mA)5.
Programmed Source Compliance Resolution: 1.25mA.
±(0.2% + 200µA).
Readback Accuracy1: 5A Range:
5mA Range: ±(0.2% + 1µA) (2302 and 2306).
500mA Range: ±(0.2% + 20µA) (2302-PJ and 2306-PJ only).
Readback Resolution: 5A Range:
100µA.
5mA Range: 0.1µA (2302 and 2306).
500mA Range: 10µA (2302-PJ and 2306-PJ only).
Load regulation: 0.01% + 1mA.
Line Regulation: 0.5mA.
Stability4: 0.01% + 50µA.
MEASUREMENT TIME CHOICES: 0.01 to 10PLC7, in 0.01PLC steps.
AVERAGE READINGS: 1 to 10.
Reading Time 1, 8, 9: 31ms, typical.

Aperture<100 µs
100 µs – 200 µs
200 µs – 500 µs
500 µs – <1 PLC
1 PLC12>1 PLC

Accuracy±(% reading + offset + rms noise10)
500mA Range
5A Range(2302-PJ and 2306-PJ)
0.2% + 900 µA + 2 mA
0.2% + 90 µA + 2 mA
0.2% + 900 µA + 1.5 mA
0.2% + 90 µA + 1.5 mA
0.2% + 900 µA + 1 mA
0.2% + 90 µA + 1 mA
0.2% + 600 µA + 0.8 mA
0.2% + 60 µA + 0.8 mA
0.2% + 400 µA + 0 mA
0.2% + 40 µA + 0 mA
0.2% + 400 µA +100 µA
0.2% + 40 µA + 100 µA

Burst Mode Current Measurement

Model 2302, 2302-PJ, 2306, 2306-PJ specifications

DC VOLTAGE OUTPUT (2 Years, 23°C ± 5°C)

Measurement Aperture: 33.3µs.
Conversion Rate: 3650/second, typical.
Internal Trigger Delay: 15µs.
Number of Samples: 1 to 5000.
Transfer Samples Across IEEE Bus in Binary Mode: 4800 bytes/s, typical.

Long Integration Mode Current Measurement2302, 2306: Available on 5A range only.
2302-PJ and 2306-PJ: Available on both 5A and 500mA current ranges.
Measurement Time6: 850ms (840ms) to 60 s­ econds in 1ms steps.

DIGITAL VOLTMETER INPUT (2 Years, 23°C ± 5°C)
Input Voltage RANGE: –5 to +30V DC.
INPUT IMPEDANCE: 2MW typical.
Maximum Voltage (either input terminal) with respect to ­output low: –5V, +30V.
Reading Accuracy1: ±(0.05% + 3mV).
Reading Resolution: 1mV.
Connector: HI and LO input pair part of Output #1’s terminal block.
MEASUREMENT TIME CHOICES: 0.01 to 10PLC7, in 0.01PLC steps.
AVERAGE READINGS: 1 to 10.
Reading Time 1, 8, 9: 31ms, typical.

DC POWER SUPPLIES

Model 2302, 2302-PJ, 2306, 2306-PJ specifications

Output #1 (Battery)

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A Greater Measure of Confidence3212302, 2302-PJ,
2306, 2306-PJ

Battery Simulator
Battery/Charger Simulators

DC POWER SUPPLIESDC VOLTAGE OUTPUT (2 Years, 23°C ± 5°C)

PULSE Current Measurement OPERATION

Output Voltage: 0 to +15V DC.
Output Accuracy: ±(0.05% + 10mV).
Programming Resolution: 10mV.
Readback Accuracy1: ±(0.05% + 3mV).
Readback Resolution: 1mV.
OUTPUT VOLTAGE SETTLING TIME: 5ms to within stated accuracy.
Load regulation: 0.01% + 2mV.
Line Regulation: 0.5mV.
Stability2: 0.01% + 0.5mV.
MEASUREMENT TIME CHOICES: 0.01 to 10PLC7, in 0.01PLC steps.
AVERAGE READINGS: 1 to 10.
Reading Time 1, 8, 9: 31ms, typical.
Transient RESPONSE:
High Bandwidth	Low Bandwidth<50µs3 or <80µs4<60µs3 or <100µs4
Transient Recovery Time13
Transient Voltage Drop
<120mV3 or <150mV4<160mV3 or <200mV4
Remote Sense: 1V max. drop in each lead. Add 2mV to the voltage load regulation specification foreach 1V change in the negative output lead due to load current change. Remote sense required.
Integrity of connection continually monitored. If compromised, output will turn off automaticallyonce settable window (±0 to ±8V) around normal voltage exceeded.

Trigger Level: 5mA to 5A, in 5mA steps.
Trigger Delay: 0 to 100ms, in 10µs steps.
Internal Trigger Delay: 15µs.
High/Low/Average Mode:
Measurement Aperture Settings: 33.3µs to 833ms, in 33.3µs steps.
Average Readings: 1 to 100.
Pulse Current Measurement Accuracy11 (2 Years, 23°C ±5°C):

DC CURRENT (2 Years, 23°C ± 5°C)
Continuous Average Output Current:
Channel #1 (Battery) OFF:I = 50W/(Vset channel 2 + 6V); 5A max.
Channel #1 (Battery) ON:
I = (50W – Power consumed by channel #1)/(Vset channel 2 + 6V); 5A max.
		 The power consumed by channel #1 is calculated as:
			 Channel #1 sourcing current:			 Power consumed = (Vset channel 1 + 6V) × (current supplied)			 Channel #1 sinking current:			 Power consumed = 5 × (sink current)
Peak currents can be a maximum of 5A provided the average current is within the above limits.
Continuous Average Sink Current:
Channel #1 (Battery) OFF:
0–5V: 3A max.
5–15V: Derate 0.2A per volt above 5V. Compliance setting controls sinking.
Channel #1 (Battery) ON:
Available current = (50W – Power consumed by channel #1)/5; 3A max. (0–5V).
Derate 0.2A per volt above 5V.
Source Compliance Accuracy: ±(0.16% + 5mA)5.
Programmed Source Compliance Resolution: 1.25mA.
Readback Accuracy1: 5A Range: ±(0.2% + 200µA).
5mA Range: ±(0.2% + 1µA).
Readback Resolution: 5A Range: 100µA.
5mA Range: 0.1µA.
Load regulation: 0.01% + 1mA.
Line Regulation: 0.5mA.
Stability4: 0.01% + 50µA.
MEASUREMENT TIME CHOICES: 0.01 to 10PLC7, in 0.01PLC steps.
AVERAGE READINGS: 1 to 10.
Reading Time 1, 8, 9: 31ms, typical.

Aperture<100 µs
100 µs – 200 µs
200 µs – 500 µs
500 µs – <1 PLC
1 PLC12>1 PLC

Accuracy±(% reading + offset + rms noise10)
0.2% + 900 µA + 2 mA
0.2% + 900 µA + 1.5 mA
0.2% + 900 µA + 1 mA
0.2% + 600 µA + 0.8 mA
0.2% + 400 µA + 0 mA
0.2% + 400 µA + 100 µA

Burst Mode Current Measurement
Measurement Aperture: 33.3µs.
Conversion Rate: 2040/second, typical.
Internal Trigger Delay: 15µs.
Number of Samples: 1 to 5000.
Transfer Samples Across IEEE Bus in Binary Mode: 4800 bytes/s, typical.

Long Integration Mode Current Measurement
Measurement Time6: 850ms (840ms) to 60 s­ econds in 1ms steps.

DIGITAL VOLTMETER INPUT (2 Years, 23°C ± 5°C)
Input Voltage RANGE: –5 to +30V DC.
INPUT IMPEDANCE: 2MW typical.
Maximum Voltage (either input terminal) with respect to ­output low: –5V, +30V.
Reading Accuracy1: ±(0.05% + 3mV).
Reading Resolution: 1mV.
Connector: HI and LO input pair part of Output #2’s terminal block.
MEASUREMENT TIME CHOICES: 0.01 to 10PLC7, in 0.01PLC steps.
AVERAGE READINGS: 1 to 10.
Reading Time 1, 8, 9: 31ms, typical.
Notes
1.	 PLC = 1.00.
2.	 Following 15 minute warm-up, the change in output over 8 hours under ambient temperature, constant load,
and line operating ­conditions.
3.	 Remote sense, at output terminals, 0.5A to 5A typical.
4.	 Remote sense, with 4.5m (15 ft) of 16 gauge (1.31mm2) wire and 1W resistance in each lead to simulate typicaltest environment, 1.5A load change (0.15A to 1.65A).
5.	 Minimum current in constant current mode is 6mA.
6.	 60Hz (50Hz).
7.	 PLC = Power Line Cycle. 1PLC = 16.7ms for 60Hz operation, 20ms for 50Hz operation. Display off.
9.	 Speed includes measurement and binary data transfer out of GPIB.
10.	Typical values, peak-to-peak noise equals 6 times rms noise.
11.	Based on settled signal: 100µs pulse trigger delay.
12.	Also applies to other apertures that are integer multiples of 1PLC.
13.	Recovery to within 20mV of previous level.

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322

A Greater Measure of Confidence

Model 2302, 2302-PJ, 2306, 2306-PJ specifications

Model 2302, 2302-PJ, 2306, 2306-PJ specifications

Output #2 (Charger)

• Built-in test sequencing reduces
GPIB bus traffic and improves
test throughput• Ultra-fast response to transientload currents• Selectable trigger level polarity• Variable output resistancefor simulating battery response(U.S. Patent No. 6,204,647)• Trigger outputs provided forevent handshaking• 100nA DC current sensitivity• Sink up to 3A• Open sense lead detection• Built-in digital voltmeter

The dual-channel Model 2306-VS Battery/
Charger Simulator with External Triggering isdesigned specifically for development and highspeed production testing of DC battery-operated
products, such as cellular handsets, cellular components like RFIC power amplifiers, and otherhigh volume precision electrical componentsthat require a DC voltage supply. Like Keithley’s
original single-­channel Model 2302 Battery
Simulator and dual-channel Model 2306 Battery/
Charger Simulator, this precision power supply
has ultra-fast transient response to provide output characteristics identical to actual batteries.
However, in addition to the capabilities offeredby these models, the Model 2306-VS (voltagestep) provides two external trigger inputs, whichallow independent control of the instrument’s
output channels. These trigger inputs speed andsimplify control of the output channels by eliminating the time lags associated with GPIB data
communications. The Model 2306-VS combinesthese external trigger inputs with built-in test sequencing to create an extremely fast voltage supply
and measurement instrument that minimizes the need for computer and GPIB interaction.
External Triggering Allows High Speed Control of Output Channels
When triggered, the output channels can be instructed to operate at pre-defined voltages or to initiate current, voltage, or pulse current measurements. The availability of two inputs makes it possible
to program each channel to act independently or, if the test developer prefers, to act in parallel. For
example, Channel #1 can be programmed to operate at user-specified voltage levels while Channel#2 is triggered to take measurements. Measurements are stored in a reading buffer and can be
downloaded to a PC controller after the test routine is complete, minimizing GPIB command anddata transfer delays. Trigger outputs indicate event completion, allowing users to minimize step
delays between trigger-in sequences.

Fast transient response power supply• External trigger inputs speed
and simplify control of output
channels

Dual-Channel Battery/Charger
Simulator with External Triggering

External triggering also allows the Model 2306-VS to exercise tight control over signal capture timing
for greater measurement and load condition coordination. As a result, manufacturers can achieve
greater confidence in their own compliance testing and can offer their customers more accurate component ­specifications.
This precision power supply has ultra-fast transient response to duplicate the output characteristicsof actual batteries. In response to large load changes, voltage droops on the Model 2306-VS’s battery
channel are less than 100mV and transient recovery times are less than 60µs, even when the instrument is used with long test leads. The Model 2306-VS also employs a unique variable output resistance so that the voltage output can emulate a battery’s true response (U.S. Patent No. 6,204,647). By
providing stable output voltage, a device-undertest (DUT) can transition from standby power(low current) to RF transmission (high current)
Applications
seamlessly without nuisance t­ ripping.
Built-in Test Sequencing
Maximizes Throughput
The Model 2306-VS’s built-in test sequencing
capabilities allow setting up and executing
up to 20 individual voltage and measurement
sequences. By minimizing the need to transfer
instrument commands or data over the GPIB

Development and high speed
testing of DC battery-operated
products, such as:• Cellular handsets• Cellular components like RFIC
power amplifiers• Other high volume precisionelectrical components

DC POWER SUPPLIESFast transient response power supply

2306-VS

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A Greater Measure of Confidence323Ordering Information

Fast transient response power supply

2306-VS	 Dual-Channel Battery/
Charger Simulator with
External Triggering
Accessories Supplied
User and service manuals
CS-846 output connectors
Mating terminal

Dual-Channel Battery/Charger
Simulator with External Triggeringbus, these test sequences support faster, easier production testing by allowing users to pre-define avariety of test configurations, such as:• Trigger up to 20 voltage setpoints on Channel #1, Channel #2, or both
• Trigger up to 20 measurement readings on Channel #1, Channel #2, or both
• Trigger voltage setpoints on Channel #1 while triggering Channel #2 measurement readings

1.5V
1.0V

2306-DISP
CS-846
CABLES
7007-17007-2
SC-1820V

Remote Display
Mating Output Connector

Trigger-In
Sequence

Double Shielded Premium IEEE-488 Cable,
1m (3.2 ft)
Double Shielded Premium IEEE-488 Cable,
2m (6.5 ft)
Low-Inductance Coaxial Cable (42nH/ft)

RACK MOUNT KITS
4288-1
Single Fixed Rack Mount Kit
4288-2
Dual Fixed Rack Mount Kit
IEEE-488 Interfaces
KPCI-488LPA IEEE-488 Interface/Controller for the PCI Bus
KUSB-488B IEEE-488 USB-to-GPIB Interface Adapter

Channel #1
Output Voltage

0.5V

ACCESSORIES AVAILABLE

200µs/Div.
•
Figure 1. This graph illustrates Channel #1 output voltage response times based on a four-point
voltage step sequence (0.5V/1.0V/1.5V/0.5V). The Model 2306-VS can complete this sequence­within 1.5ms.

Services Available
2306-VS-3Y-EW 1-year factory warranty extended to 3 years fromdate of shipment
C/2306-3Y-ISO 3 (ISO-17025 accredited) calibrations within
3 years of purchase**Not available in all countries

600mV

Channel #1
Output Voltage

400mV
200mV
0mV

DC POWER SUPPLIES

Trigger-In
Sequence

40µs/Div.
Figure 2. This magnified view of the first 500mV voltage step from the signal shown in Figure 1
illustrates how the Channel #1 output reaches the voltage setpoint within 160µs of the triggerin pulse.

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324

Fast transient response power supply

2306-VSA Greater Measure of Confidence2306-VS

Dual-Channel Battery/Charger
Simulator with External Triggering

Measure Load Currents for Power Consumption Verification or Analysis
The Model 2306-VS is based on Keithley’s expertise in low current measurement technologies, so it
is well-suited for making accurate measurements of load currents. With 100nA resolution and 0.2%
basic accuracy, it provides the precision needed to monitor the low sleep mode currents of today’s
battery-operated products.

Portable wireless devices make great demands on their battery power sources. The battery mustsource load currents that can jump virtually instantaneously from a standby current level(100–300mA) to a full power RF transmission current level (1–3A). In other words, the load
current on the battery can increase rapidly by a factor of 700–1000%. As a result, the battery voltage
drops by an amount equal to the value of the current change multiplied by the battery’s internal
resistance. The Model 2306-VS enables test systems to duplicate this voltage drop by programming
their output resistance to be equivalent to that of the battery that will power the device. This allows
wireless device manufacturers to test their products under the same power conditions that they willencounter in actual use.

Fast transient response power supply

Maximize Test Throughput with Accurate Battery Simulation
The Model 2306-VS’s battery-output channel is designed to simulate the output response of a b­ attery.
This capability, combined with its fast transient response, makes it possible to power the device
during testing in exactly the same way as a battery powers the device during actual use. The output
resistance of the battery channel can be programmed (with 10mW resolution) over the range from
0W to 1W so that the output resistance can be set to the same level as the output resistance of thebattery that powers the device.

The Model 2306-VS also eliminates the large stabilizing capacitors needed at the DUT to compensate
for the large voltage droop that occurs when testing with conventional power supplies. By varying
the output resist­ance, which can be done while the output is turned on, test engineers can simulate
the operation of different battery types as well as batteries nearing the end of their useful lives.
The Model 2306-VS ensures maximum production throughput when testing portable devices byminimizing false failures, minimizing the number of test setups by performing multiple tests withthe same power supply, and minimizing test fixture complexity by eliminating the need for voltagestabilizing capacitors.
Open Sense Lead Detection
The Model 2306-VS has an automatic open-sense
lead detection capability, which indicates if there isa broken remote sense lead or an open connection
from a remote sense lead to the test fixture. To ensurethat the output voltage does not change from the programmed level, which could cause production devices
to be improperly calibrated, the user can set high andlow limits around the desired voltage level.
Independent Digital Voltmeter Inputs
Many programmable power supplies offer output readback capabilities, but the Model 2306-VS also offers
two digital voltmeter (DVM) inputs. These inputs canbe used to measure signals from –5V to +30V DC anywhere in the test system with the same rated accuracy
as the voltage readback. For many applications, thisbuilt-in DVM eliminates the expense and space otherwise required to add a separate voltage measurement
instrument to the system.

DC POWER SUPPLIESFast transient response power supply

The Model 2306-VS can monitor DUT power consumption by measuring both DC currents and pulse
load currents. The instrument’s battery-simulator channel can be programmed to operate like a discharged rechargeable battery, sinking up to 3A from the charger-simulator channel.

Model 2306-VS rear panel

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A Greater Measure of Confidence3252306-VS

Dual-Channel Battery/Charger
Simulator with External Triggering

DC VOLTAGE OUTPUT (2 Years, 23°C ± 5°C)

PULSE CURRENT MEASUREMENT OPERATIONOUTPUT VOLTAGE: 0 to +15VDC.
OUTPUT ACCURACY: ±(0.05% + 3mV).
PROGRAMMING RESOLUTION: 1mV.
READBACK ACCURACY1: ±(0.05% + 3mV).
READBACK RESOLUTION: 1mV.
LOAD REGULATION: ±(0.01% + 2mV).
LINE REGULATION: ±0.5mV.
STABILITY2: ±(0.01% + 0.5mV).
MEASUREMENT TIME CHOICES: 0.01 to 10 PLC7, in 0.01PLC steps.
AVERAGE READINGS: 1 to 10.
READING TIME1, 8, 9: 31ms, typical.
TRANSIENT RESPONSE:
High Bandwidth
Low Bandwidth<80 µs3 or <100 µs4Transient Recovery Time13 <40 µs3 or <60 µs4Transient Voltage Drop
<75 mV3 or <100 mV4<250 mV3 or <400 mV4REMOTE SENSE: 1V max. drop in each lead. Add 2mV to the voltage load regulation specification for each 1V change in the negative output lead due to load current change. Remote sense
required. Integrity of connection continually monitored. If compromised, output will turn off
automatically once settable window (±0 to ±8 volts) around normal voltage exceeded.

TRIGGER LEVEL: 5A Range: 5mA to 5A, in 5mA steps.
1A Range: 1mA to 1A, in 1mA steps.
100mA Range: 0.1mA to 100mA, in 100µA steps.
TRIGGER DELAY: 0 to 100ms, in 10µs steps.
INTERNAL TRIGGER DELAY: 15µs.
HIGH/LOW/AVERAGE MODE:
Measurement Aperture Settings: 33.3µs to 833ms, in 33.3µs steps.
Average Readings: 1 to 100.
PULSE CURRENT MEASUREMENT ACCURACY11 (2 Years, 23°C ±5°C):

VARIABLE OUTPUT IMPEDANCEMEASUREMENT APERTURE: 33.3µs to 833ms, in 33.3µs steps.
CONVERSION RATE: 3650/second at 33.3µs meas. aper., typical.
INTERNAL TRIGGER DELAY: 15µs with 33µs.
NUMBER OF SAMPLES: 1 to 5000.
TRANSFER SAMPLES ACROSS IEEE BUS IN BINARY MODE: 4800 bytes/s, typical.

RANGE: 0 to 1.00W in 0.01W steps. Value can be changed with output on if trigger external disabled on channel.

DC POWER SUPPLIESDC CURRENT (2 Years, 23°C ± 5°C)
CONTINUOUS AVERAGE OUTPUT CURRENT:
Channel #2 (Charger) OFF: I = 50W/(Vset channel 1 + 6V); 5A max.
Channel #2 (Charger) ON: I = (50W – Power consumed by channel #2)/(Vset channel 1 + 6V);
5A max.
The power consumed by channel #2 is calculated as:
Channel #2 sourcing current: Power consumed = (Vset channel 2 + 6V) × (current supplied).
Channel #2 sinking current: Power consumed = 5 × (sink current).
Peak currents can be a maximum of 5A provided the average current is within the above limits.
CONTINUOUS AVERAGE SINK CURRENT:
Channel #2 (Charger) OFF:
0–5V: 3A max.
5–15V: Derate 0.2A per volt above 5V. Compliance setting controls sinking.
Channel #2 (Charger) ON:
Available current = (50W – Power consumed by channel #2)/5; 3A max. (0–5V).
Derate 0.2A per volt above 5V.
SOURCE COMPLIANCE ACCURACY: ±(0.16% + 5mA)5.
PROGRAMMED SOURCE COMPLIANCE RESOLUTION: 1.25mA.
READBACK ACCURACY1: 5A Range: ±(0.2% + 200µA). 5mA Range: ±(0.2% + 1µA).
READBACK RESOLUTION: 5A Range: 100µA. 5mA Range: 0.1µA.
LOAD REGULATION: ±(0.01% + 1mA).
LINE REGULATION: ±0.5mA.
STABILITY4: ±(0.01% + 50µA).
MEASUREMENT TIME CHOICES: 0.01 to 10 PLC7, in 0.01PLC steps.
AVERAGE READINGS: 1 to 10.
READING TIME1, 8, 9: 31ms, typical.

Aperture<100 µs
100 µs – 200 µs
200 µs – 500 µs
500 µs – <1 PLC
1 PLC12>1 PLC

Accuracy±(% reading + offset + rms noise10)
0.2% + 900 µA + 2 mA
0.2% + 900 µA + 1.5 mA
0.2% + 900 µA + 1 mA
0.2% + 600 µA + 0.8 mA
0.2% + 400 µA + 0 mA
0.2% + 400 µA + 100 µA

BURST MODE CURRENT MEASUREMENTLONG INTEGRATION MODE CURRENT MEASUREMENTMEASUREMENT TIME6: 850ms (840ms) to 60 seconds in 1ms steps.

DIGITAL VOLTMETER INPUT (2 Years, 23°C ± 5°C)
INPUT VOLTAGE RANGE: –5 to +30VDC.
INPUT IMPEDANCE: 2MW typical.
MAXIMUM VOLTAGE (either input terminal) WITH RESPECT TO OUTPUT LOW: –5V, +30V.
READING ACCURACY1: ±(0.05% + 3mV).
READING RESOLUTION: 1mV.
CONNECTOR: HI and LO input pair part of Output #1’s terminal block.
MEASUREMENT TIME CHOICES: 0.01 to 10 PLC7, in 0.01PLC steps.
AVERAGE READINGS: 1 to 10.
READING TIME1, 8, 9: 31ms, typical.

VOLTAGE SETTLING TIMES
Voltage Step Settling Times (typical)
Increasing Voltage
Voltage step ≤ 7 V
Voltage step > 7 V

10–90% Rise Time
50 µs
50 µs to 1.2 ms

Settling Time
300 µs300 µs to 1.8 ms

Decreasing Voltage
0 V < Voltage step < 15 V

10–90% Fall Time
50 µs to 250 µs

Settling Time
300 µs

NOTE: Times are under no load condition and settling times defined at ±2% of step size.

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A Greater Measure of Confidence

Model 2306-VS specifications

Model 2306-VS specifications

Output #1 (Battery)

2306-VS

Dual-Channel Battery/Charger
Simulator with External Triggering
PULSE CURRENT MEASUREMENT OPERATIONOUTPUT VOLTAGE: 0 to +15VDC.
OUTPUT ACCURACY: ±(0.05% + 10mV).
PROGRAMMING RESOLUTION: 10mV.
READBACK ACCURACY1: ±(0.05% + 3mV).
READBACK RESOLUTION: 1mV.
OUTPUT VOLTAGE SETTLING TIME: 5ms to within stated accuracy.
LOAD REGULATION: ±(0.01% + 2mV).
LINE REGULATION: ±0.5mV.
STABILITY2: ±(0.01% + 0.5mV).
MEASUREMENT TIME CHOICES: 0.01 to 10 PLC7, in 0.01PLC steps.
AVERAGE READINGS: 1 to 10.
READING TIME1, 8, 9: 31ms, typical.
TRANSIENT RESPONSE:
High Bandwidth
Low Bandwidth<60 µs3 or <100 µs4Transient Recovery Time13 <50 µs3 or <80 µs4Transient Voltage Drop<120 mV3 or <150 mV4<160 mV3 or <200 mV4REMOTE SENSE: 1V max. drop in each lead. Add 2mV to the voltage load regulation specification for each 1V change in the negative output lead due to load current change. Remote sense
required. Integrity of connection continually monitored. If compromised, output will turn off
automatically once settable window (±0 to ±8 volts) around normal voltage exceeded.

TRIGGER LEVEL: 5mA to 5A, in 5mA steps.
TRIGGER DELAY: 0 to 100ms, in 10µs steps.
INTERNAL TRIGGER DELAY: 15µs.
HIGH/LOW/AVERAGE MODE:
Measurement Aperture Settings: 33.3µs to 833ms, in 33.3µs steps.
Average Readings: 1 to 100.
PULSE CURRENT MEASUREMENT ACCURACY11 (2 Years, 23°C ±5°C):

DC CURRENT (2 Years, 23°C ± 5°C)
CONTINUOUS AVERAGE OUTPUT CURRENT:
Channel #1 (Battery) OFF: I = 50W/(Vset channel 2 + 6V); 5A max.
Channel #1 (Battery) ON: I = (50W – Power consumed by channel #1)/(Vset channel 2 + 6V);
5A max.
The power consumed by channel #1 is calculated as:
Channel #1 sourcing current: Power consumed = (Vset channel 1 + 6V) × (current supplied)
Channel #1 sinking current: Power consumed = 5 × (sink current)
Peak currents can be a maximum of 5A provided the average current is within the above limits.
CONTINUOUS AVERAGE SINK CURRENT:
Channel #1 (Battery) OFF:
0–5V: 3A max.
5–15V: Derate 0.2A per volt above 5V. Compliance setting controls sinking.
Channel #1 (Battery) ON:
Available current = (50W – Power consumed by channel #1)/5; 3A max. (0–5V).
Derate 0.2A per volt above 5V.
SOURCE COMPLIANCE ACCURACY: ±(0.16% + 5mA)5.
PROGRAMMED SOURCE COMPLIANCE RESOLUTION: 1.25mA.
READBACK ACCURACY1: 5A Range: ±(0.2% + 200µA). 5mA Range: ±(0.2% + 1µA).
READBACK RESOLUTION: 5A Range: 100µA. 5mA Range: 0.1µA.
LOAD REGULATION: ±(0.01% + 1mA).
LINE REGULATION: ±0.5mA.
STABILITY4: ±(0.01% + 50µA).
MEASUREMENT TIME CHOICES: 0.01 to 10 PLC7, in 0.01PLC steps.
AVERAGE READINGS: 1 to 10.
READING TIME1, 8, 9: 31ms, typical.

Aperture<100 µs
100 µs – 200 µs
200 µs – 500 µs
500 µs – <1 PLC
1 PLC12>1 PLC

Accuracy±(% reading + offset + rms noise10)
0.2% + 900 µA + 2 mA
0.2% + 900 µA + 1.5 mA
0.2% + 900 µA + 1 mA
0.2% + 600 µA + 0.8 mA
0.2% + 400 µA + 0 mA
0.2% + 400 µA + 100 µA

BURST MODE CURRENT MEASUREMENTMEASUREMENT APERTURE: 33.3µs to 833ms, in 33µs steps.
CONVERSION RATE: 2040/second at 33.3µs meas. aper., typical.
INTERNAL TRIGGER DELAY: 15µs with 33µs.
NUMBER OF SAMPLES: 1 to 5000.
TRANSFER SAMPLES ACROSS IEEE BUS IN BINARY MODE: 4800 bytes/s, typical.

Model 2306-VS specifications

DC VOLTAGE OUTPUT (2 Years, 23°C ± 5°C)

LONG INTEGRATION MODE CURRENT MEASUREMENTMEASUREMENT TIME6: 850ms (840ms) to 60 seconds in 1ms steps.

DIGITAL VOLTMETER INPUT (2 Years, 23°C ± 5°C)
INPUT VOLTAGE RANGE: –5 to +30VDC.
INPUT IMPEDANCE: 2MW typical.
MAXIMUM VOLTAGE (either input terminal) WITH RESPECT TO OUTPUT LOW: –5V, +30V.
READING ACCURACY1: ±(0.05% + 3mV).
READING RESOLUTION: 1mV.
CONNECTOR: HI and LO input pair part of Output #2’s terminal block.
MEASUREMENT TIME CHOICES: 0.01 to 10 PLC7, in 0.01PLC steps.
AVERAGE READINGS: 1 to 10.
READING TIME1, 8, 9: 31ms, typical.

VOLTAGE SETTLING TIMES (typical)
Increasing Voltage
Voltage step ≤ 7 V
Voltage step > 7 V

10–90% Rise Time
10 µs
10 µs to 1.2 ms

Settling Time
100 µs100 µs to 1.5 ms

Decreasing Voltage
0 V < Voltage step < 15 V

10–90% Fall Time
5 µs to 40 µs

Settling Time
50 µs to 200 µs

NOTE: Times are under no load condition and settling times defined at ±2% of step size.

DC POWER SUPPLIES

Model 2306-VS specifications

Output #2 (Charger)

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A Greater Measure of Confidence327

2306-VS

Dual-Channel Battery/Charger
Simulator with External Triggering

Voltage Stepping Only

Voltage Stepping With Auto Measurement

TEST CONDITIONS:
1.	 Trigger external is enabled on both channels.
2.	Only a single channel is externally triggered during the sequence while remaining channel
stays idle.
3.	 Times based on 0 programmable user delay.

TEST CONDITIONS:
1.	 Trigger external is enabled on both channels.
2.	Only a single channel is externally triggered during the sequence while remaining channel
stays idle.
3.	 Times based on 0 programmable user delay.
4.	 Measurement time = 167µs (0.01 PLC).
5.	 Steps points = 4.
Channel
Trigger In

OutputVoltage
Channel
Trigger Out

OutputVoltageA

B

Measurement
Time

C

Channel
Trigger Out

D
Output #1 (Battery)A = 70 µs typicalB = 330 µs typical
C = Programmable user delay (0–5 seconds)
D = 400 µs typical with C as 0

Output #2 (Charger)
A = 55 µs typicalB = 545 µs typical
C = Programmable user delay (0–5 seconds)
D = 600 µs typical with C as 0

Auto Measurement Only
TEST CONDITIONS:
1.	 Trigger external is enabled on both channels.
2.	Only a single channel is externally triggered during the sequence while remaining channel
stays idle.
3.	 Times based on 0 programmable user delay.
4.	 Measurement time = 167µs (0.01 PLC).
5.	 Steps points = 4.
Channel
Trigger In

A

B

C

E

F
Output #1 (Battery)A = 70 µs typicalB = 43 µs typical
C = Programmable user delay (0–5 seconds)
D = Measurement timeE = 475 µs typical (steps 1, 2, and 3)
F = 755 µs typical steps 1, 2, and 3 with C as 0
8 ms typical step 4 with C as 0

Output #2 (Charger)
A = 55 µs typical within
B = 43 µs typical within
C = Programmable user delay (0–5 seconds)
D = Measurement timeE = 955 µs typical (steps 1, 2, and 3)
F = 1.22 ms typical steps 1, 2, and 3 with C as 0
8 ms typical step 4 with C as 0

Voltage Stepping Both Channels With Channel 1
TEST CONDITIONS:
1.	 Only a single channel is externally triggered during the sequence while remaining channel
stays idle.	
2.	Times based on 0 programmable user delay.

C

D

Output #1 (Battery)A = 43 µs typical
B = Programmable user delay (0–5 seconds)
C = Measurement timeD = 410 µs typical (steps 1, 2, and 3)
E = 620 µs typical for steps 1, 2, and 3
with B as 0
8ms typical for step 4 with B as 0

Output #2 (Charger)
A = 43 µs typical
B = Programmable user delay (0–5 seconds)
C = Measurement timeD = 650 µs typical (steps 1, 2, and 3)
E = 860 µs typical for steps 1, 2, and 3
with B as 0
8ms typical for step 4 with B as 0

Output Voltage
Channel 2
Channel 1
Trigger Out

A

B

C
E

Output #1 (Battery)/Output #2 (Charger)
A = 70 µs typicalB = 55 µs typicalC = 775 µs typical
D = Programmable user delay (0–5 seconds)
E = 900 µs typical with D as 0

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D

Output Voltage
Channel 1

E

DC POWER SUPPLIESB

Channel 1
Trigger In

Measurement
Time
Channel
Trigger Out

A

A Greater Measure of ConfidenceD

Model 2306-VS specifications

Model 2306-VS specifications

Channel
Trigger In

2306-VS

Dual-Channel Battery/Charger
Simulator with External Triggering

Voltage Stepping Both Channels With Channel 2

Auto Measurement Both Channels With Channel 2

TEST CONDITIONS:
1.	 Only a single channel is externally triggered during the sequence while remaining channel
stays idle.	
2.	Times based on 0 programmable user delay.

TEST CONDITIONS:
1.	 Only a single channel is externally triggered during the sequence while remaining channel
stays idle.
2.	Times based on 0 programmable user delay.
3.	 Measurement time = 167 µs (0.01 PLC).
4.	 Steps points = 4.

Channel 2
Trigger In

Channel 2
Trigger Out

A

B

C

D

E

TEST CONDITIONS:
1.	 Only a single channel is externally triggered during the sequence while remaining channel
stays idle.
2.	Times based on 0 programmable user delay.
3.	 Measurement time = 167µs (0.01 PLC).
4.	 Steps points = 4.

D

C

C

E

F

Output #1 (Battery)/Output #2 (Charger)
A = 43 µs typical
B = Programmable user delay (0–5 seconds)
C = 18 µs typical
D = Measurement time channel 2
E = Measurement time channel 1
F = 872 µs typical with steps 1, 2, and 3
G = 1.1 ms typical for steps 1, 2, and 3 with B as 0
16.0 ms typical step 4 with B as 0

Voltage Stepping With Sync Measurement

Channel
Trigger In

Measurement Time
Channel 2

B

B

TEST CONDITIONS:
1.	 Trigger external is enabled on both channels.
2.	Only a single channel is externally triggered during the sequence while remaining channel
stays idle.	
3.	 Times based on 0 programmable user delay.

Channel 1
Trigger In

A

A

G

Auto Measurement Both Channels With Channel 1

Channel 1
Trigger Out

Measurement Time
Channel 1
Channel 2
Trigger Out

Output #1 (Battery)/Output #2 (Charger)
A = 55 µs typicalB = 70 µs typicalC = 775 µs typical
D = Programmable user delay (0–5 seconds)
E = 900 µs typical with D as 0

Measurement Time
Channel 1

D

E

F

OutputVoltage

A

G
Output #1 (Battery)/Output #2 (Charger)
A = 43 µs typical
B = Programmable user delay (0–5 seconds)
C = 18 µs typical
D = Measurement time channel 1
E = Measurement time channel 2
F = 872 µs typical with steps 1, 2, and 3
G = 1.1 ms typical for steps 1, 2, and 3 with B as 0
16.0 ms typical step 4 with B as 0

Output #1 (Battery)
Output #2 (Charger)
Channel 1 trigger in =Channel 2 trigger in =output voltage start changing
output voltage start changing
A = 70 µs typicalA = 55 µs typical within
4 ms typical to start search for desired pulse edge. Time for trigger out dependent on searchtime for selecting edge, integration time, and storing reading in buffer

DC POWER SUPPLIES

Model 2306-VS specifications

Measurement Time
Channel 2

Output Voltage
Channel 1

Model 2306-VS specifications

Channel 2
Trigger In

Output Voltage
Channel 2

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2306-VS

Dual-Channel Battery/Charger
Simulator with External Triggering
1.	 PLC = 1.00.
2.	 Following 15 minute warm-up, the change in output over 8 hours under ambient temperature, constant load,
and line operating conditions.
3.	 Remote sense, at output terminals, 0.5A to 5A typical.
4.	 Remote sense, with 4.5m (15 ft) of 16 gauge (1.31mm2) wire and 1W resistance in each lead to simulate typicaltest environment, 1.5A load change (0.15A to 1.65A).
5.	 Minimum current in constant current mode is 6mA.
6.	 60Hz (50Hz).
7.	 PLC = Power Line Cycle. 1PLC = 16.7ms for 60Hz operation, 20ms for 50Hz operation.
8.	 Display off.
9.	 Speed includes measurement and binary data transfer out of GPIB.
10.	Typical values, peak-to-peak noise equals 6 times rms noise.
11.	Based on settled signal: 100µs pulse trigger delay.
12.	Also applies to other apertures that are integer multiples of 1PLC.
13.	Recovery to within 20mV of previous level.

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A Greater Measure of Confidence

Model 2306-VS specifications

ISOLATION (LOW–EARTH): 22VDC max. Do not exceed 60VDC between any two terminalsof either connector.
PROGRAMMING: IEEE-488.2 (SCPI).
USER-DEFINABLE POWER-UP STATES: 3.
REAR PANEL CONNECTORS: Two trigger in and two trigger out (BNC) connectors. Two
8-­position quick disconnect terminal block for output (4), sense (2), and DVM (2).
TRIGGER IN/OUT CONNECTORS: IN High 3–5V, IN Low ≤0.8V, OUT High >4V, OUT Low<0.8V.
TEMPERATURE COEFFICIENT (outside 23°C ±5°C): Derate accuracy specification by(0.1 × specification)/°C.
OPERATING TEMPERATURE: 0° to 50°C (derate to 70%). 0° to 35°C (full power).
STORAGE TEMPERATURE: –20° to 70°C.
HUMIDITY: <80% @ 35°C non-condensing.
DISPLAY TYPE: 2-line × 16 character VFD.
DIMENSIONS: 89mm high × 213mm wide × 411mm deep (3½ in × 83⁄8 in × 163⁄16 in).
NET WEIGHT: 3.9kg (8.6 lbs.).
SHIPPING WEIGHT: 6.4kg (14 lbs.).
INPUT POWER: 100–120VAC/220–240VAC, 50 or 60Hz (auto detected at power-up).
POWER CONSUMPTION: 165VA max.
EMC: Conforms with European Union Directive directive 89/336/EEC, EN 61326.
SAFETY: Conforms with European Union Directive 73/23/EEC, EN 61010-1.
VIBRATION: MIL-PRF-28800F Type III, Class 3.

NOTES

DC POWER SUPPLIES

Model 2306-VS specifications

GENERALThe Model 2303/2304A Power Supplies provide
both voltage control and power consumptionmoni­toring for automated testing of portable,
battery-operated devices. These power supplies
are optimized for testing battery-operated, wireless communication devices such as cellular
phones that undergo substantial load changes
for very short time intervals. These power supplies exhibit outstanding voltage stability during
pulse load changes and can simultaneously
measure load currents, even if they are shortpulses. In addition, this family of power supplies
can sink current and, thus, take on the characteristics of a discharged, rechargeable battery fortesting chargers and charger-control circuitry.
5A Output Capacity
Both the 100W Model 2304A and the 45W Model
2303 can supply 5A (at 20V for the Model
2304A and 9V for the Model 2303) to serve thepeak pulse loading requirements of battery-operated devices. In both instruments, the maximum
current of 5A can be delivered continuously. The
Model 2304A can supply up to 20V DC while theModel 2303 can supply up to 15V.

• Optimized for battery-powered
device testing• Ultra-fast transient response toload changes• 5A continuous output• Pulse peak, average, andbaseline current measurements• 100nA DC current sensitivity
MODEL 2304A• 100W output (20V @ 5A)• Sinks up to 3A
MODEL 2303
• 45W output (15V @ 3A, 9V @ 5A)• Sinks up to 2A

500mV/Div.

Power Supply
Voltage

GND

0.5 A/Div

Fast Response to Load Changes
Keithley’s High Speed Power Supplies aredesigned to simu­late the current drive capacity
Model 2303 or 2304A rear panelof a battery. The power supplies simulate a battery’s re­­sponse d­ uring a large load change by minimizing the maximum drop in voltage and recovering to within 100mV of the original voltage in 40µs or less.
When a portable device such as a cellular phone switches from standby mode to the full power modeof operation, the current draw on the power supply can change by as much as 1000%. While a battery’s voltage will de­crease by the value of the voltage drop across the battery’s low internal resistance, a con­ven­tion­al power supply will have a significant voltage drop (more than one volt) and takemilli­seconds to recover to the original voltage level. For portable devices that operate at full power
only for short intervals, the full power event is over before a conventional power supply can recover.
For example, cellular phones designed in ac­cor­dance with the GSM cellular phone standard transmit
and receive information in 576µs pulses. If thepower supply used to test them cannot re­cov­erquickly enough, the per­for­mance of the device500mV/Div.
under-test will be c­ ompro­mised by the power
Power Supply Voltage
supply. If the power supply voltage drops below
the threshold of the phone’s low-­battery detection circuitry for a sufficient amount of time, thephone will turn off during testing, giving a false
indication of a failed device.
GND

GSM Phone Current

0.5 A/Div

GSM Phone Current
100µs/Div.

Typical Power Supply. Transient responsewith 4.5m (15 ft) of cable and 1W/leadbetween source and GSM phone load.

Fast transient response power supplies

High Speed Power Supplies

100µs/Div.

Keithley’s High Speed Power Supply. Transient
response with 4.5m (15 ft) of cable and 1W/
lead between source and GSM phone load.

The Models 2303/2304A’s fast transient response
to large load changes will enable test engineers
to test their portable products properly andeliminate false failures due to conventional
power supplies with slow re­sponse times. In
this way, the power supplies ensure maximum
production throughput when testing portabledevices.

DC POWER SUPPLIESFast transient response power supplies

2303, 2304A

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A Greater Measure of Confidence3312303, 2304A

High Speed Power Supplies

2304A	

Fast transient response power supplies

2303
2303-PJHigh Speed Precision
Readback Power
Supply (100W)
High Speed Precision
Readback Power
Supply (45W)
High Speed Precision
Readback Power Supply(45W, 500mA range
replaces 5mA range)

Accessories Supplied
User and service manuals,
CS-846 output connectors­mating terminal

In addition to making measurements on shortpulses, the 2303/2304A power supplies canmeasure a current pulse peak or a current pulse
train that is as long as 833ms. For random pulse
trains that have periods longer than 833ms, thepower supplies have a s­ pecial long integration
mode that can make an average current measurement on up to 60s of data. To capture low
current pulses from very low power devices, theModel 2303-PJ provides pulse measurement on
both the 5A and 500mA ranges.

+
Vout

+
Vin

DVM

Accurate Low Current Measurements
The Models 2303/2304A are well-suited for­making fast, accurate measurements of sleep andstandby mode currents because they are based on
Keithley’s ex­per­­­tise in low current measurementtech­nol­o­gies. With 100nA resolution, the power
supplies offer the precision needed to monitor
the low sleep mode currents in today’s products
and in future products. They can also measurethese low currents with 0.2% basic accuracy.

0–20V DC

Model 2303/2304A Block Diagram showing
DC DVM measurement capability

DC POWER SUPPLIESThe Models 2303/2304A perform a continuous integration to make peak, average, andbaseline measurements on complex load
current waveforms. Integra­tion times can be
programmed with 33.3µs resolution.

High Current Sinking Capacity
Keithley’s power supplies can act as an electronic load and sink as much as 3A (Model 2304A)

and 2A (Model 2303), so they can simu­late adischarged rechargeable battery. Therefore,
they can be used to verify the performance of a
portable device’s charger. The power supplies’cur­rent dissipation capacity allows them to test
even high-current fast chargers.
Independent Digital Voltmeter Inputs
While many programmable power supplies offer
output readback ca­pa­­bilities, Keithley’s power
supplies are the only instruments available that
also of­fer a set of DVM inputs. These inputs allow
the Model 2304A to measure signals from 0 to
+20V (0 to +15V for the Model 2303) anywherein the test system with the same rated accuracy
as the voltage readback. The DVM and the powersource can operate simul­­­taneously. For many
applications, the power supplies’ built-in DVM
elimi­nat­­es the expense and space that a separate
voltage measurement in­stru­­ment would require.
Remote Display Option
If the Model 2303 or 2304A must be mounted
in a location in which the display is not readily
visible, an optional Model 2304-DISP Display
Module can be mounted at a more convenient
point, then plugged into the power supply unit.
The display module also includes all in­stru­ment
controls, so that the power supply can be operated remotely from the more ac­ces­­sible location.
ACCESSORIES AVAILABLE
2304-DISP
CS-846

Remote Display
Mating Output Connector

CABLES
7007-17007-2
SC-182

Shielded IEEE-488 Cable, 1m (3.3 ft)
Shielded IEEE-488 Cable, 2m (6.6 ft)
Low-Inductance Coaxial Cable (42nH/ft)

RACK MOUNT KITS
4288-1
Single Fixed Rack Mount Kit
4288-2
Dual Fixed Rack Mount Kit
IEEE-488 Interfaces
KPCI-488LPA
IEEE-488 Interface/Controller for the PCI Bus
KUSB-488B
IEEE-488 USB-to-GPIB Interface Adapter

Services Available

Trigger
Level2303-3Y-EW

i
High

Low
Averaget

33.3µs is thenarrowest (shortest)
time interval

I Low = i dt
High
Average

1-year factory warranty extended to 3 years
from date of shipment2303-PJ-3Y-EW 1-year factory warranty extended to 3 years
from date of shipment
2304A-3Y-EW
1-year factory warranty extended to 3 years
from date of shipment
C/2303-3Y-ISO 3 (ISO-17025 accredited) calibrations within 3
years of purchase for Models 2303, 2303-PJ*
C/2304A-3Y-ISO 3 (ISO-17025 accredited) calibrations within 3
years of purchase for Model 2304A**Not available in all countries

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A Greater Measure of Confidence

Fast transient response power supplies

Fast Measurements forPower C­ onsumption Analysis
As manufacturers of portable devices strive
to extend battery life and the length of time
between recharges, power consumption has
become an im­por­tant performance indicator.
Therefore, in production testing, accurate peak
power and average power measurements are critical. These mea­­sure­ments are complicated by thefact that wireless tele­com­munication devices draw
full load current in short pulses. The Mo­dels
2303/2304A’s pulse readback mea­sure­ment mode
makes it possible to capture peak and averagevalues on pulses as short as 60µs. This allows thepower supply to power a device-under-test anddetermine its current con­sump­­tion to qualify thedevice for its specified power consumption.

Ordering Information

High Speed Power Supplies

DC Voltage Output (2 Years, 23°C ± 5°C)

DC General

Output Voltage: 0 to +15V DC.
Output Accuracy: ±(0.05% + 10mV).
Programming Resolution: 5mV.
Readback Accuracy1: ±(0.05% + 3mV).
Readback Resolution: 1mV.
OUTPUT VOLTAGE SETTLING TIME: 5ms to within stated accuracy.
Load regulation: 0.01% + 2mV.
Line Regulation: 0.5mV.
Stability2: 0.01% + 0.5mV.
Transient RESPONSE TO 1000% LOAD CHANGE:Transient Recovery Time3,4: <40µs to within 100mV of previous level.
<80µs to within 20mV of previous level.
Transient Voltage Drop:<100mV, typical.3<200mV, typical.4
Ripple and Noise (20Hz to 20MHz): 3mV rms/8mV p-p, typical.
Remote Sense: Automatic 1V max. drop in each lead. Add 2mV to the voltage load regulation
specification for each 1V change in the negative output lead due to load current change.

MEASUREMENT TIME CHOICES: 0.01 to 10 PLC7, in 0.01PLC steps.
AVERAGE READINGS: 1 to 10.
Reading Time 1, 8, 9: 31ms, typical.

Output Current: 0–9V: 5A max. >9V–15V: 3A max. (not intended to be operated in parallel).
Source Compliance Accuracy: ±(0.16% + 5mA)5.
Programmed Source Compliance Resolution: 1.25mA.
Readback Accuracy
5A range: ±(0.2% + 400µA).	 5mA range:±(0.2% + 1µA).
23031:
2303-PJ1: 5A range: ±(0.2% + 400µA).	 500mA range: ±(0.2% + 40µA).
Readback Resolution
2303:
5A range: 100µA.	
5mA range:
0.1µA.
2303-PJ: 5A range: 100µA.	
500mA range: 10µA.
Current Sink Capacity: 0–5V: 2A max. 5V–15V: Derate 0.1A per volt above 5V.
Load regulation: 0.01% + 1mA.
Line Regulation: 0.5mA.
Stability4: 0.01% + 50µA.

Digital Voltmeter Input (2 Years, 23°C ± 5°C)
Input Voltage RANGE: 0 to +20V DC.
INPUT IMPEDANCE: 1010W typical.
Maximum Voltage (either input terminal) with respect to ­output low: –3V, +22V.
Reading Accuracy1: ±(0.05% + 3mV).
Reading Resolution: 1mV.
NOTES
PLC = 1.00.
Following 15 minute warm-up, the change in output over 8 hours under ambient tem­perature, constant load,
and line operating ­conditions.
3 Remote sense, at output terminals, 1000% load change; typical.
4 Remote sense, with 4.5m (15 ft) of 16 gauge wire and 1W resistance in each source lead to simulate typical test
environment, up to 1.5A load change.
5 Minimum current in constant current mode is 6mA.
6 60Hz (50Hz).
7 PLC = Power Line Cycle. 1PLC = 16.7ms for 60Hz operation, 20ms for 50Hz operation.
8 Display off.
9 Speed includes measurement and binary data transfer out of GPIB.
1
2

Trigger Level:2303:
5mA to 5A, in 5mA steps.
2303-PJ: 5A Range: 0mA to 5A, in 5mA steps.
500mA Range: 0mA to 500mA, in 0.5mA steps.
Trigger Delay: 0 to 100ms, in 10µs steps.
Internal Trigger Delay: 25µs.
High/Low/Average Mode:
Measurement Aperture Settings: 33.3µs to 833ms, in 33.3µs steps.
Average Readings: 1 to 100.
Burst Mode:
Measurement Aperture: 33.3µs.
Conversion Rate: 3600/second, typical.
Number of Samples: 1 to 5000.
Transfer Samples Across IEEE Bus in Binary Mode: 4800 bytes/second, typical.
Long Integration Mode: Measurement Time6: 850ms (840ms) to 60 s­ econds in 16.7ms(20ms) steps.

GENERAL

Model 2303, 2303-PJ specifications

DC Current (2 Years, 23°C ± 5°C)

Pulse Current Measurement Operation

Isolation (low-earth): 22V DC max.
Programming: IEEE-488.2 (SCPI).
User-Definable Power-Up States: 5.
Rear Panel Connector: 8-position quick disconnect terminal block for output (4), sense(2), and DVM (2).
Temperature Coefficient (outside 23°C ±5°C): Derate accuracy specification by (0.1
× specification)/°C.
Operating Temperature:
0° to 35°C (Full power).
0° to 50°C (Derate to 70%).
Storage Temperature: –20° to 70°C.
Humidity: <80% @ 35°C non-condensing.
Power Consumption: 150VA max.
Remote Display/Keypad Option: Disables standard front panel.
Dimensions: 89mm high × 213mm wide × 360mm deep (3½ in × 8½ in × 143⁄16 in).
Shipping Weight: 5.4kg (12 lbs).
Input Power: 100V–120VAC/220–240VAC, 50 or 60Hz (auto detected at power-up).
EMC: Conforms with European Union Directive directive 89/336/EEC EN 55011, EN 50082-1,
EN 61000-3-2, and 61000-3-3, FCC part 15 class B.
safety: Conforms with European Union Directive 73/23/EEC EN 61010-1, UL 3111-1.
AC Line Leakage Current: 450µA @ 110VAC, typ.; 600µA @ 220VAC, typ.
relay control jack: 1-channel, sink 150mA max., 15V max. 5V output, 100mA max., alsoavailable on jack. Accepts 0.173 in Bantam-type plug (CS-1003-1).

DC POWER SUPPLIES

Model 2303, 2303-PJ specifications

2303,
2303,
2303-PJ
2304A

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High Speed Power Supply

DC Voltage Output (1 Year, 23°C ± 5°C)

DC General

Output Voltage:
0 to +20V DC (for Normal Output Response).
0 to +15V DC (for Enhanced Output Response).
Output Accuracy: ±(0.05% + 10mV).
Programming Resolution: 5mV.
Readback Accuracy1: ±(0.05% + 10mV).
Readback Resolution: 1mV.
OUTPUT VOLTAGE SETTLING TIME: 5ms to within stated accuracy.
Load regulation: 0.01% + 2mV.
Line Regulation: 0.5mV.
Stability2: 0.01% + 0.5mV.
Transient RESPONSE TO 1000% LOAD CHANGE:NORMAL MODE:<50µs to within 100mV of previous level.
Transient Recovery Time3:<100µs to within 20mV of previous level.
ENHANCED MODE:
Transient Recovery Time3,4: <40µs to within 100mV of previous level.
<80µs to within 20mV of previous level.
Transient Voltage Drop:<100mV, typical.3<200mV, typical.4
Remote Sense: Automatic, 2V max. drop in each lead. Add 2mV to the voltage load regulation
specification for each 1V change in the negative output lead due to load current change.

MEASUREMENT TIME CHOICES: 0.01 to 10 PLC7, in 0.01PLC steps.
AVERAGE READINGS: 1 to 10.
Reading Time 1, 8, 9: 31ms, typical.

DC Current (1 Year, 23°C ± 5°C)
Output Current: 5A max. (not intended to be operated in parallel).
Compliance Accuracy: ±(0.16% + 5mA)5.
Programmed Compliance Resolution: 1.25mA.
Readback Accuracy1
5A range: ±(0.2% + 1mA). 5mA range: ±(0.2% + 1µA).
Readback Resolution
5A range: 100µA. 5mA range: 0.1µA.
Current Sink Capacity:
3A max. (for Normal Output Response).
1A6 (for Enhanced Output Response).
Load regulation: 0.01% + 1mA.
Line Regulation: 0.5mA.
Stability4: 0.01% + 50µA.

Digital Voltmeter Input (1 Year, 23°C ± 5°C)
Input Voltage RANGE: 0 to +20V DC.
INPUT IMPEDANCE: 1010W typical.
Maximum Voltage (either input terminal) with respect to ­output low: –3V, +22V.
Reading Accuracy1: ±(0.05% + 10mV).
Reading Resolution: 1mV.

Pulse Current Measurement Operation
Trigger Level: 5mA to 5A, in 5mA steps.
Trigger Delay: 0 to 100ms, in 10µs steps.
Internal Trigger Delay: 25µs.
High/Low/Average Mode:
Measurement Aperture Settings: 33.3µs to 833ms, in 33.3µs steps.
Average Readings: 1 to 100.
Burst Mode:
Measurement Aperture: 33.3µs.
Conversion Rate: 3600/second, typical.
Number of Samples: 1 to 5000.
Transfer Samples Across IEEE Bus in Binary Mode: 4800 bytes/second, typical.
Long Integration Mode11: Measurement Time: 850ms (840ms) to 60 seconds in 16.7ms(20ms) steps.

GENERAL
Isolation (low-earth): 22V DC max.
Programming: IEEE-488.2 (SCPI).
User-Definable Power-Up States: 5.
Rear Panel Connector: 8-position quick disconnect terminal block for output (4), sense(2), and DVM (2).
Relay Control Jack: 2-channel, sink 150mA max., 15V max. Accepts 0.173 in. Bantamtype plug (CS-1003-1).
Temperature Coefficient (outside 23°C ±5°C): Derate accuracy specification by (0.1
× specification)/°C.
Operating Temperature:
0° to 50°C (50W10 normal response, 25W10 enhanced response).
0° to 35°C (100W10 normal response, 75W10 enhanced response).
Storage Temperature: –20° to 70°C.
Humidity: <80% @ 35°C non-condensing.
Power Consumption: 200VA max.
Remote Display/Keypad Option: Disables standard front panel.
Dimensions: 89mm high × 213mm wide × 360mm deep (3½ in × 8½ in × 143⁄16 in).
Shipping Weight: 5.4kg (12 lbs).
Input Power: 100V–240V AC, 50 or 60Hz (auto detected at power-up).
EMC: Conforms with European Union Directive directive 89/336/EEC EN 55011, EN 50082-1,
EN 61000-3-2, and 61000-3-3, FCC part 15 class B.
safety: Conforms with European Union Directive 73/23/EEC EN 61010-1.

NOTES
PLC = 1.00.
Following 15 minute warm-up, the change in output over 8 hours under ambient tem­perature, constant load,
and line operating ­conditions.
3 Remote sense, at output terminals, 1000% load change; typical.
4 Remote sense, with 4.5m (15 ft) of 16 gauge wire and 1W resistance in each lead to simulate typical test
environment, up to 1.5A load change.
5 Minimum current in constant current mode is 6mA.
6 15W typical. 0°–35°C. Derate 1W/°C up to 50°C.
7 PLC = Power Line Cycle. 1PLC = 16.7ms for 60Hz operation, 20ms for 50Hz operation.
8 Display off.
9 Speed includes measurement and binary data transfer out of GPIB.
10 Max. continuous.
11 60Hz (50Hz).

DC POWER SUPPLIES

12

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Model 2304A specifications

Model 2304A specifications

2304A

248

High Voltage Supply• Up to 5mA compliance current• Low output ripple for precisionsourcing• Two selectable filters• IEEE-488 programmable• Programmable voltage andcurrent limits• Compact, half-rack design

Ordering Information
248

High Voltage Supply

Accessories Supplied
Instruction manual (order­mating cable separately)

ACCESSORIES AVAILABLERACK MOUNT KITS
248-RMK-1
Single Fixed Rack Mount Kit: Mounts a single
Model 248 in a standard 19-inch rack.
248-RMK-2
Dual Fixed Rack Mount Kit: Mounts two Model
248s side-by side in a standard 19-inch rack.
CABLES
248-SHVHigh Voltage Female-to-Female Cable, 3m (10 ft)
248-MHVHigh Voltage Female-to-Male Cable, 3m (10 ft)
7007-1
Shielded IEEE-488 Cable, 1m (3.3 ft)
7007-2
Shielded IEEE-488 Cable, 2m (6.6 ft)
connector
CS-970High Voltage Male Bulkhead Connector. Same
as on rear panel. Mates with 248-SHV Cable.
IEEE-488 Interfaces
KPCI-488LPA
IEEE-488 Interface/Controller for the PCI Bus
KUSB-488B
IEEE-488 USB-to-GPIB Interface Adapter

Applications of the Model 248 include high-voltage resistivity and resistance testing, insulation re­sis­­tance testing, high-voltage component testing, monitoring breakdown effects, and I-V mea­sure­­ments.
Voltage Range: 0 to ±5000V DC1
Maximum
Output Voltage Output Current
0 to ± 5000 V DC
5.000 mA DC
0 to ± 3000 V DC
5.000 mA DC
0 to ± 5000 V DC
3.000 mA DC

Conditions
NO FILTERFILTER 1
FILTER 2

VOLTAGE SET ACCURACY: ±(0.01% of setting + 2.5V)4.
VOLTAGE Display Accuracy: Voltage Set Accuracy ±1V,
­typical (±2V, max.).
VOLTAGE RESOLUTION: 1V (set and display).
VOLTAGE Resettability: 1V.
VOLTAGE LIMIT RANGE: 0 to 100% of full scale.
VOLTAGE REGULATION:2
Line: 0.001% for ±10% line voltage change.
Load: 0.005% for 100% load change, typical.
OUTPUT RIPPLE (10Hz–100kHz):3
0.002% of full scale, Vrms, max.	 NO FILTER
1.0mV rms @ 1kV
FILTER 1 or FILTER 2
2.0mV rms @ 3kV
FILTER 1 or FILTER 2
3.0mv Rms @ 5kv
Filter 2
Voltage
0 V to 1.5 kV
1.5 kV to 5.0 kV

Current Limit
and Trip Range
Filter
0.4 mA to 5.25 mA NO FILTER or FILTER 1
0.4 mA to 3.25 mA
FILTER 2
0.5 mA to 5.25 mA NO FILTER or FILTER 1
0.5 mA to 3.25 mA
FILTER 2

CURRENT LIMIT ACCURACY: 0.01% + 2.5µA5.
CURRENT RESOLUTION: 1µA.
CURRENT DISPLAY ACCURACY: Current Set Accuracy ±1µA,
typ. (±2µA, max.).
STABILITY: ±0.02% per hour typical for ambient temperature
within 2°C.
TEMPERATURE DRIFT: 50ppm/°C, 0° to 50°C, typical.
PROTECTION: Arc and short circuit protected; programmable
voltage and current limits and current trip.
SETTLING TIME:
From 0 to Programmed Voltage: To within 99.9% of final
value within 3s.
Discharge Time from Programmed Voltage to Within 50Vof Zero: Within 6s for no load (faster with load, slower
with filters on).

MONITOR OUTPUTS:
Output Scale: 0 to +10V for 0 to full range output regardlessof polarity.
Current Rating: 10mA maximum.
Output Impedance: <1W.
Accuracy: ±0.2% of full scale.
Update Rate: 8Hz.
EXTERNAL VOLTAGE SET:
Input Scale: 0 to +10V for 0 to full range output regardlessof polarity.
Input Impedance: 1MW.
Accuracy: ±0.2% of full scale.
Update Rate: 16Hz.
Output Slew Rate: <0.3s for 0 to full range under full load.

High voltage power supply• Source voltages up to 5kV,
negative or positive polarity

Low-Noise Operation
A source with low output ripple is crucial when using sensitive measurement instruments to characterize high resistance or resistivity. When operated without a filter, the Model 248 is capable of sourcing up to ±5000V
DC at a maximum output current of 5mA DC with an output ripple of<0.002%. Two selectable filters are available to reduce output ripple inorder to optimize operation for lower noise by trading off longer rise and discharge times.

NOTES
1.	 Polarity of output is set with a rear panel switch. The unit must be
powered off and the output fully discharged before changing polarity.
2.	 Regulation specifications apply for greater than 25V DC (with full load)
or 50V DC (with no load). Below these values, the unit may not regulate correctly.
3.	 Peak to peak values are within five times the rms value.
4.	 Add ±5V DC when FILTER 1 or FILTER 2 is enabled.
5.	 Add 2.5 µA offset when Filter 1 or Filter 2 is enabled.

GENERALDIMENSIONS: 89mm high × 206mm wide × 406mm deep
(3.5 in × 8.1 in × 16 in).
WEIGHT: 3.7 kg (8 lbs).
INPUT POWER: 55 watts; 100, 120, 220, 240V AC ±10%,50 or 60Hz.
OUTPUT HIGH VOLTAGE CONNECTOR: SHV male(Kings Type 1704-1 or equivalent), on rear panel.
REMOTE INTERFACE: GPIB (IEEE-488.1).
warm-up time: 1 hour.
OPERATING ENVIRONMENT: 0°C to 50°C.

Services Available
248-EW
1 additional year of factory warranty
248-3Y-EW-STD 1-year factory warranty extended to 3 years
from date of shipment248-5Y-EW-STD 1-year factory warranty extended to 5 years
from date of shipment

DC POWER SUPPLIESHigh voltage power supply

The programmable Model 248 High Voltage Supply offers reversible polarity, excellent regulation, low output voltage ripple, and flexible operation.
Two front panel digital displays provide accurate readings of voltage andcurrent output. A separate display simplifies setting output values precisely.
The Model 248’s output can be set using the front panel controls, over the
standard IEEE-488 interface, or via a remote analog voltage.

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DC POWER SUPPLIES

1.888.KEITHLEY (U.S. only)
www.keithley.com
336

A Greater Measure of Confidence