The 6th RSC-CSJ Joint Symposium

Advanced Measurements
for Chemistry
The Chemical Society of Japan The 95th Annual Meeting
March 27th, 2015
Venue Funabashi Campus, Nihon University, Chiba, Japan
Date

The Royal Society of Chemistry

The Chemical Society of Japan

The 6th RSC‐CSJ Joint Symposium―Advanced Measurements for Chemistry―
The Chemical Society of Japan The 95th Annual Meeting

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Date
March 27th (Fri), 2015 9:30‐16:40
Venue Room 1423 (S5) 2nd Floor 14th Bldg.,
Funabashi Campus, Nihon University, Chiba, Japan
Hosted by The Chemical Society of Japan (CSJ)
Co‐hosted by The Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)■ 9:30Opening Remarks

Robert Parker
CEO; RSC■ 9:40Ultrafast Studies of Reactive Dynamics by 1 and 2DSpectroscopy

Stephen R. Meech, et al.
University of East Anglia…1■10:20Femtosecond Time‐Resolved Impulsive Stimulated
Raman Spectroscopy of Complex Molecular Systems

Tahei Tahara
RIKEN

…3

■11:00Break■11:10Multiplexed and Quantitative Bioanalysis Using Surface
Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS)

Karen Faulds
University of Strathclyde…5■11:50High‐Speed Atomic Force Microscopy for Observation ofSingle‐Molecule Dynamics

Takayuki Uchihashi
Kanazawa University…7■12:30Lunch Break■13:40Novel Strategies in Single Molecule Sensing

Joshua B. Edel
Imperial College London…9■14:20Carrier Transport in Single Molecules

Hirokazu Tada
Osaka University…11■15:00Break■15:10

New Analytical Tools for Aerosol Particles

Jonathan P. Reid
University of Bristol…13■15:50Chemical Evolution in Star and Planet Formation

Nami Sakai
The University of Tokyo…15■16:30

Closing Remarks
Signing Ceremony of the International Cooperation
Agreement (RCS & CSJ)

Nobuyuki KAWASHIMA
Excutive Director, CSJ
Robert Parker
CEO; RSC

Welcome Address
Dear Colleagues,
Welcome to the 6th RSC-CSJ Joint Symposium, heldat the same venue as the 95th CSJ Annual Meeting, Funabashi
Campus, College of Science and Technology, Nihon University,
Chiba, Japan on March 27th, 2015, under the co-sponsorship of
the Chemical Society of Japan (CSJ) and Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC).
Our prime mission is to contribute to social development through advancing
science, developing technology, promoting industry, diffusion of knowledge relating tochemistry, and developing human resources. To pursue this mission, the CSJ holds various
conferences, such as "the CSJ Annual Meeting" with 9,000 participants every spring, and"CSJ Chemistry Festa" every autumn.
This series of bilateral meetings originates from the first one in 2007 held at
Osaka University, followed by the second in 2008 at Queen’s University and the third in2010 at the RSC Burlington House where we signed an International Cooperation
Agreement between RSC and CSJ. The fourth and fifth symposia were held in 2012 at
Ritsumeikan University and in 2014 in Dublin respectively.
“Advanced Measurements for Chemistry”, the topic of the 2015 joint symposium
is a highly advanced interdisciplinary field that covers from single molecule sensing toefforts to study the birth of stars and planets. Eight distinguished scientists in the area ofadvanced measurements are invited to present their research and to exchange informationand ideas.
I would like to thank Co-Chairs Dr. Tahei Tahara, Riken and Prof. Stephen Meech,
University East Anglia, and Dr. Sarah Thomas, RSC for their great efforts to make this
symposium possible. It is my hope that this symposium will contribute to the rapid
development of this field and I also have great expectations that all of the attendants will
strengthen their friendships and find new colleagues throughout the symposium and the
CSJ Annual Meeting for further collaboration.

Mr. Nobuyuki Kawashima
Executive Director / Secretary General
The Chemical Society of Japan

Welcome Address
Dear Colleagues
Welcome to the sixth in our series of Joint Chemical Society ofJapan (CSJ) and Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC) symposia. We aredelighted to have this opportunity and thank Mr Nobuyuki Kawashima, CSJ
Executive Director and Professor Tahei Tahara from RIKEN for all their
help and support in organizing this event.
This symposium is one of the activities jointly organized following
the signing in 2010 of a five year International Cooperation Agreement between the CSJ and the RSC. Since
the signing there have been many successful events including joint symposia in chemical biology andsupramolecular chemistry, the annual awarding of the PCCP prize and participation in the high profile
Chemical Sciences and Society Symposia series. We are delighted that we will be renewing our partnershipwith the CSJ at this meeting and re-signing our International Cooperation Agreement for a further five years.
We very much look forward to many more successful joint activities in the coming years.
The Royal Society of Chemistry is the world’s leading chemistry community, advancing excellence inthe chemical sciences. With over 51,000 members and a knowledge business that spans the globe, we are theUK’s professional body for chemical scientists, supporting and representing our members and bringing
together chemical scientists from all over the world.
A not-for-profit organization with a heritage that spans 170 years, we have an ambitious international
vision for the future. Around the world, we invest in educating future generations of scientists. We raise andmaintain standards. We partner with industry and academia, promoting collaboration and innovation. We
advise government on policy. And we promote the talent, information and ideas that lead to great advances inscience.
In a complex and changing world, chemistry and the chemical sciences are essential. They are vital in
our everyday lives and will be vital in helping the world respond to some of its biggest challenges. We’reworking to shape the future of the chemical sciences – for the benefit of science and humanity.
The RSC is also pleased to have the opportunity to work more closely with the Japanese chemical
science community through Dr Hiromitsu Urakami, our Representative for Japan, who is based full-time inour office in Tokyo. This office is located in the CSJ building in Tokyo and we are very grateful to the CSJ for
all their help and advice in establishing this office.
Each of the speakers in this symposium is an international expert in the area of investigating andapplying advanced measurement methods in the chemical sciences. We hope that the presentations will
stimulate the exchange of ideas and experiences between all participants. We thank each of the speakers andall the participants for their contributions to this symposium.
Once again a very warm welcome to what promises to be an exciting scientific event. We hope that the
symposium will provide a springboard for future activities and that it will foster new research collaborations.
We look forward to continuing our close partnership with CSJ, with more joint CSJ-RSC activities in the
future.

Dr Robert Parker
Chief Executive Officer
Royal Society of Chemistry

Stephen Meech
Professor of Physical Chemistry
School of Chemistry, The University of East Anglia
Address: Norwich NR4 7TK, UK
Tel: (+44)-1603-593141
E-mail: S.Meech@uea.ac.uk
 Educational Background1978 B.Sc., Chemistry University of East Anglia
1983 Doctor of Chemistry, University of Southampton (supervisor: Prof. David Philips)
 Professional Career
1/1/82-1/1/83
Postdoctoral Research Associate, Wayne State University, Detroit, USA
1/1/83-1/10/84
Postdoctoral Research Associate, The Royal Institution, London
1/10/84-1/6/96
Royal Society/SERC Research Fellow, University of Groningen, The Netherlands.
1/6/86- 1/3/94
Lecturer in Chemistry, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh.
(1/10/88-1/1/90) Inoue Research Fellow, Institute for Molecular Science, Japan.
1/3/94- 1/8/98
Lecturer in Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich.
1/8/98 – 31/8/04 Reader in Physical Chemistry, University of East Anglia
1/9/04 – present
Professor of Physical Chemistry, University of East Anglia
 Research Interests
1) Ultrafast Spectroscopy2) Photoactive Proteins

3) Excited state dynamics

 Awards
1984
Royal Society European Research Fellowship
1984
SERC Post-doctoral Fellowship (declined)
1987
Inoue Science Foundation Fellowship
1993
Daiwa-Adrian Prize (With K. Yoshihara and J. G. Frey)
1995
JSPS fellowship
2001
JSPS fellowship
2007
RIKEN Visiting Senior Scientist
 Recent Publications
1.BLUF Domain Function Does Not Require a Metastable Radical Intermediate State, A. Lukacs, R. Brust, A. L.
Haigney, S. P. Laptenok; K. Addison, A. Gil, G. M. Greetham, M. Towrie, P. J. Tonge, and S. R. Meech J. Am.
Chem. Soc. 2014, 136, 4605. DOI: 10.1021/ja4121082
2. Two-dimensional electronic spectroscopy based on conventional optics and fast dual chopper data acquisition,
I. A. Heisler, R. Moca, F. V. A. Camargo, and S. R. Meech Rev. Sci. Instrum. 2014, 85, 063103 (10 pages).
DOI: 10.1063/1.4879822
3.Excited State Structural Dynamics in Higher Lying Electronic States: S2 State of Malachite Green, S. Laptenok,
K. Addison, I. A. Heisler, and S. R. Meech, Chem. Phys. Lett. 2014, 607, 43. DOI:
10.1016/j.cplett.2014.05.050
4. Chemically Optimising Operational Efficiency of Molecular Rotary Motors, J. Conyard, A. Cnossen, W. R.
Brown, B. L. Feringa, and S. R. Meech J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2014, 136, 9692. (Featured as a ‘Spotlight article’
10.1021/ja506476x, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2014, 136, 9519.) DOI: 10.1021/ja5041368
5. Ultrafast Excited State Dynamics in 9,9’-Bifluorenylidene, J. Conyard, I. Heisler, W. R. Brown, B. L. Feringa,
S. Amiirjalayer, S. Wouterson, W-J. Buma, and S. R. Meech J. Phys. Chem. A, 2014, 118, 5961. DOI:
10.1021/jp504391s－1－

Ultrafast Studies of Reactive Dynamics by 1 and 2D Spectroscopy
Ismael A. Heisler, Franco V. A. Camargo, and Stephen R. Meech*
School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, U.K.

Excited state reactions studied by ultrafast pump - probe experiments have provided some ofour best insights into the dynamics of chemical reactions in solution. Electronic excitation by ashort pulse of light places the molecule at an unstable point on the excited state potential energy
surface, and the relaxation from that point can be observed in real time.

In this presentation wewill describe the two methods, ultrafast fluorescence up-conversion and two-dimensional electronic
spectroscopy (2DES), which can be used to observe excited state structural evolution.

The

fluorescence experiment is used to probe excited state conformational change in a molecular rotor,
while 2DES probes torsional motion in a linear linked porphyrin dimer.

The effects of medium

viscosity and molecular volume on the structural dynamic are investigated.

(b) 1.0

0.03
0.8Time / ps

0.02
0.6

0.4

0.01

0.2
0.002
0.0
17000

19000

21000

23000

-1

Wavenumber / cm

Figure 1. Projection of the time-resolved fluorescence of the molecular rotor, showing the
rapid decay, red shift and coherent oscillations on the sub-picoseconf timescale.

－2－Tahei Tahara
Chief Scientist
Director of Molecular Spectroscopy Laboratory, RIKEN
Address: 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198
Tel: (+81)-48-467-4592; Fax: (+81)-48-467-4539
E-mail: tahei@riken.jp
 Educational Background1984 B.Sc., University of Tokyo (supervisor: Prof. Mitsuo Tasumi)
1986 M.Sc., Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo (supervisor: Prof. Mitsuo Tasumi)
1989 Doctor of Science, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo (supervisor: Prof.
Mitsuo Tasumi) Professional Career
1989 Research Associate, The University of Tokyo
1990 Research Associate, Kanagawa Academy of Science and Technology
1995 Associate Professor, Institute for Molecular Science (IMS)2001 Chief Scientist, Molecular Spectroscopy Laboratory, RIKEN Research Interests
ultrafast spectroscopy, nonlinear spectroscopy and single molecular spectroscopy of complex
molecular systems
 Awards
1995 Research Foundation for Opto-Science and Technology Award
2000 Morino Science Award
2001 TRVS Outstanding Young Researcher Award
2004 IBM Japan Science Prize2006 The JSPS Prize2013 CSJ Award for Creative Work

Recent Publications

1. Two-dimensional fluorescence lifetime correlation spectroscopy 1. Principle & 2. Application, K. Ishii
and T. Tahara, J. Phys. Chem. B 2013, 117, 11414 & 11423.
2. Ultrafast vibrational dynamics of water at a charged interface revealed by two-dimensional
heterodyne-detected vibrational sum frequency generation, P. C. Singh, S. Nihonyanagi, S. Yamaguchi,
and T. Tahara, J. Chem. Phys. 2012, 137, 094706.
3. Three distinct water structures at a zwitterionic lipid/water interface revealed by heterodyne-detectedvibrational sum frequency generation, J. A. Mondal, S. Nihonyanagi, S. Yamaguchi, and T. Tahara, J. Am.
Chem. Soc. 2012, 134, 7842.
4. Unified molecular view of air/water interface based on experimental and theoretical (2) spectra of
isotopically diluted water surface, S. Nihonyanagi, T. Ishiyama, T. Lee, S. Yamaguchi, M. Bonn, A.
Morita, and T. Tahara, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2011, 133, 16875.
5. Coherent nuclear dynamics in ultrafast photoinduced structural change of bis(diimine) copper (I)complex, M. Iwamura, H. Watanabe, K. Ishii, S. Takeuchi, and T. Tahara, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2011, 133,
7728.

－3－

Femtosecond Time-Resolved Impulsive Stimulated Raman Spectroscopy ofComplex Molecular Systems
Tahei Taharaa,ba

Molecular Spectroscopy Laboratory, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako 351-0198, Japan
Ultrafast Spectroscopy Research Team, RIKEN Center for Advanced Photonics (RAP),
2-1 Hirosawa, Wako 351-0198, Japanb.

In ordinary Raman spectroscopy, we measure energetically-shifted inelastic light scattering, andthe energy shift from the excitation light provides information of the vibrational transition energy ofthe molecule. However, by using ultrashort optical pulses that have duration shorter than thevibrational period, we can induce coherent nuclear motion of the molecule by the impulsive Ramanprocess and observe Raman-active vibrations directly in the time domain. This way of Raman
spectroscopy is called time-domain Raman spectroscopy.
Time-domain Raman spectroscopy is very useful for observing the molecular vibration ofshort-lived transients. For measuring time-resolved Raman spectra with femtosecond time
resolution, we developed time-resolved impulsive stimulated Raman spectroscopy (TR-ISRS) anddemonstrated its high potential to study excited-state molecules.1, 2 In this method, we use three
femtosecond pulses: The first pulse (P1) photoexcites the molecule to start chemical reactions. The
second pulse (P2) induces coherent nuclear wavepacket motion in the transient species, and thethird pulse (P3) detects the wavepacket motion through the oscillation of the transient absorption
and/or stimulated emission. The Fourier transforms of the observed oscillation give femtosecond
time-resolved Raman spectra. Because we use only femtosecond pulses in the measurements, we
can change the delay time with a femtosecond accuracy. Therefore, we can track the temporalchange of the sample through the evolution of femtosecond time-resolved Raman spectra. We are
now able to carry out TR-ISRS experiments using 6-fs optical pulses, which enables us to observe
all the fundamental vibrational motions including CH stretch vibrations over 3000 cm-1.
In this presentation, I report on our most recent TR-ISRS studies of a photoreceptor protein,photoactive yellow protein (PYP).3 The obtained femtosecond time-resolved Raman spectra
clarified the initial events occurring after photoexcitaion through the vibrations of key transientintermediates. It was concluded that the chromophore (p-coumaric acid) retains atrans-configuration in the excited pG* state that appears immediately after photoexcitation while thesurrounding hydrogen-bonding structure changes in a few hundred femtoseconds. Time-resolved
Raman spectra of the first ground-stateintermediate (I0 state) have also been measured
with very high S/N. The comparison between theobtained Raman spectrum and DFT calculation
indicates that the chromophore in the I0 state has ahighly distorted cis-form.
1. S. Fujiyoshi, S. Takeuchi, and T. Tahara, J. Phys.
Chem. A 2003, 107, 494.
2. S. Takeuchi, S. Ruhman, T. Tsuneda, M Chiba, T.
Taketsugu, and T. Tahara, Science 2008, 322, 1073.
3. H. Kuramochi, S. Takeuchi, K. Yonezawa, H,
Kamikubo, M. Kataoka, and T. Tahara, in preparation(2015).

－4－

Figure 1. Experimental Scheme of TR-ISRS.

Karen Faulds
BSc(Hons), PhD, PgCert, FRSC, FHEA
Centre for Molecular Nanometrology, Department of Pure and Applied
Chemistry, University of Strathclyde
Address: 295 Cathedral Street, Glasgow, United Kingdom, G1 1XL
Tel: (+44)-141-548-2507
E-mail: Karen.faulds@strath.ac.uk
 Educational Background1998
BSc(Hons) Forensic and Analytical Chemistry, University ofStrathclyde
2003
PhD, Detection of Drugs of Abuse by SERS, University of Strathclyde (Prof W. E. Smith)
2008
PgCert., Advanced Academic Studies, University of Strathclyde Professional Career2003 Postdoctoral Researcher (DTI, LGC), University of Strathclyde
2004 Postdoctoral Researcher (BBSRC), University of Strathclyde
2006
Lecturer in Bioanalytical Chemistry, University of Strathclyde
2010
Senior Lecturer, University of Strathclyde
2012 Reader, University of Strathclyde
 Research Interests
Our research focuses on using surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) to create new approaches
to bioanalysis for use in the life and clinical sciences.
1) Using the inherent sensitivity of SERS for the detection of target DNA or proteins using signal
amplification methods to enhance the signal rather than using target amplification methods.
2) Exploiting the sensitivity of SERS for quantitative analysis of biomolecules as well as exploiting
one of the key advantages of SERS, the ability to analyse multiple analytes in one sample.
 Awards
2009
Nexxus 2009 Young Life Scientist of the Year Award
2009
Awarded Fellowship of the Higher Education Academy status (FHEA)
2012
Elected to the Royal Society of Edinburgh’s Young Academy of Scotland
2012
Elected Fellow of the Royal Society of Chemistry (FRSC)
2013 RSC Joseph Black Award

Recent Publications

1.

Simultaneous Detection and Quantification of Three Bacterial Meningitis Pathogens by SERS, Gracie K,
Correa E, Mabbott S, Dougan JA, Graham D, Goodacre R, and Faulds K*, Chem. Sci. 2014, 5(3), 1030.
Resonance Raman scattering of catalytic beacons for DNA detection, McKeating KS, Graham D, and Faulds
K*, Chem. Commun. 2013, 49 (31), 3206.
Specific detection of DNA through coupling of a TaqMan assay with surface enhanced Raman scattering(SERS), Harper MM, Robertson B, Ricketts A, and Faulds K*, Chem. Commun. 2012, 48 (75), 9412.
DNA Detection Using Enzymatic Signal Production and SERS, Dougan JA, MacRae D, Graham D, andFaulds K*, Chem. Commun. 2011, 47 (16), 4649.

2.
3.
4.

－5－

Multiplexed and Quantitative Bioanalysis
Using Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS)

K. Faulds,*a K. Gracie,a E. Correa,b S. Mabbott,a J. A. Dougan,a D. Graham,aR. Goodacre,b and S. McAughtrieaaCentre for Nanometrology, WestCHEM, Department of Pre and Applied Chemistry,
University of Strathclyde, 295 Cathedral Street, Glasgow, G1 1XL, U.K.
b
School of Chemistry and Manchester Interdisciplinary Biocentre, University of Manchester, 131
Princes Street, Manchester, M1 7ND, U.K.

Surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) is an analytical technique with several advantages
over competitive techniques in terms of improved sensitivity and multiplexing. We have made great
progress in the development of SERS as a quantitative analytical method, in particular for thedetection of DNA. However, the lack of quantitative data relating to real examples has prevented
more widespread adoption of the technique. Detection of specific DNA sequences is central tomodern molecular biology and also to molecular diagnostics where identification of a particulardisease is based on nucleic acid identification. Many methods exist and fluorescence spectroscopy
dominates the detection technologies employed with different assay formats. Another advantage ofSERRS over existing detection techniques is that of the ability to multiplex which is limited whenusing techniques such as fluorescence. We have clearly demonstrated the ability to identify thepresence of a mixture of 6 analytes in solution using data analysis techniques.
Here we demonstrate the development of new molecular diagnostic assays based upon SERS
which have been used successfully for the detection of bacterial pathogens associated with meningitis
using modified SERS active probes. The probes have been designed to give a specific SERS response
resulting in discernable differences in the SERS which can be correlated to a specific DNA
hybridisation event. In this presentation the simultaneous detection and quantitation of 3 pathogens
within a multiplex sample will be demonstrated for the first time.
We also have an interest in the development of functionalised nanoparticles as sensing materials
for the detection of DNA at ultra low levels, proteins and more recently as substrates for imaging
approaches. We achieve this by combining functionalised silver or gold nanoparticles with SERS.
This combination can result in extremely sensitive and selective biosensing with unprecedented
multiplexing capabilities. This approach has been extended to look at the multiplexed, 3D imaging
of functionalised nanoparticles in cells.

－6－

Takayuki Uchihashi
Associate Professor
Department of Physics/ Bio-AFM Frontier Research Center, Kanazawa
University
Address: Kakuma, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-1192, Japan
Tel: (+81)-76-264-5712
Fax: (+81)-76-264-5739
E-mail:uchihast @staff.kanazawa-u.ac.jp

 Educational Background1993 B.Sc., Department of Physics, Hiroshima University (supervisor: Prof. Seizo Morita)
1995 M.Sc., Graduate School of Physics, Hiroshima University (supervisor: Prof. Seizo Morita)
1998 PhD in Engineering Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University (supervisor: Prof.
Seizo Morita) Professional Career1998 Research associate, Joint Research Center for Atom Technology
2000 Assistant professor, Himeji Institute of Technology
2002 Senior Scientist, SFI Nanoscience Laboratory, Trinity College, Dublin
2004 Assistant professor, Kanazawa University
2006 Associate Professor, Kanazawa University
 Research Interests
1) Single-molecule observations for revealing molecular mechanisms of protein function2) Development of novel probe microscopy techniques Awards
2006 The 29th JJAP Paper Award by Japanese Society of Applied Physics
2010 Nanoprobe Technology Award by JSPS the 167th committee
2013 The Commendation for Science and Technology by the Minister of Education, Culture,
Sports, Science and Technology, Development Category
 Recent Publications
1. Probing structural dynamics of an artificial protein cage using high-speed atomic force
microscopy, M. Imamura, T. Uchihashi et al., Nano Lett. (in press).
2. Filming biomolecular processes by high-speed atomic force microscopy, T. Ando, T. Uchihashi,and S. Scheuring, Chem. Rev. 2014, 114, 3120.
3. Two-way traffic of glycoside hydrolase family 18 processive chitinases on crystalline chitin, K.
Igarashi, T. Uchihashi et al., Nat. Commun. 2014, 5, 3975.
4. Traffic jams reduce hydrolytic efficiency of cellulose on cellulose surface, K. Igartashi, T.
Uchiashi et al., Science 2011, 333, 1279.
5. High-speed atomic force microscopy reveals rotary catalysis of rotorless F1-ATPase, T.
Uchihashi, R. Iino et al., Science 2011, 333, 755.

－7－

High-Speed Atomic Force Microscopy for Observationof Single-Molecule Dynamics

TAKAYUKI Uchihashi,a,b,c NORIYUKI Koderab,d and TOSHIO Andoa,b,cabDepartment of Physics, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-1192, Japan
Bio-AFM Frontier Research Center, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-1192, Japanc
JST-CREST, 4-1-8 Hon-cho, Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japand
JST-PREST, 4-1-8 Hon-cho, Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan

Conventional techniques such as X-ray crystallography, electron microscopy and nuclear
magnetic resonance have been successful in determining the protein 3D structure at even atomic
level. However, the obtainable structure is a static one averaged over many molecules and hencecannot directly reveal how protein molecules behave dynamically when they are functioning insolution. Currently-prospering single molecule analysis by fluorescence microscopy can detect
dynamic behavior of protein at work but the spatial resolution is not high enough to visualize
protein structure. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) does not possess spatial resolution as high asother techniques but very unique in its ability to visualize individual protein molecules in solution at(sub) nanometer resolution. However, its imaging rate was too low to capture dynamically moving
molecules because of the slow scan speed due to the slow mechanical responses of the cantileverand scanner. In addition, large tip-sample interaction often disturbs weak protein-protein
interactions and even leads to destruction of fragile proteins.
In order to afford AFM to trace moving protein molecules without disturbing their physiological
function, we have been developing various devices over the past decade. Finally the imaging speedof AFM has been improved to be 10-30 frames/s. The high-speed AFM capture dynamic events ofvarious proteins without significantly disturbing week biomolecular interaction. For instance, thefollowing dynamics have been successfully captured on video; dynamics of bacteriorhodopsin 2D
crystals,1 myosin V walking on an actin filament,2 conformational change of bacteriorhodopsin in
response to light,3 rotary catalysis of rotorless F1-ATPase4 and cellulase hydrolyzing crystalline
cellulose fibers.5 These demonstrations clearly indicate that high-speed AFM has a great potential ofgiving straight and quick answers to how and what structural changes of individual molecules
progress while their physiological function is being produces.
In this talk, I briefly introduce key techniques enabling fast scanning of AFM and demonstratesome high-speed AFM movies to show its capability for studying dynamic biomolecular processes.

References

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

H. Yamashita et al., J. Struct. Biol. 2009, 97, 2358.
N. Kodera, D. Yamamoto, R. Ishikawa, and T. Ando, Nature 2010, 468, 72.
M. Shibata et al., Nat. Nanotech. 2010, 5, 208.
T. Uchihashi, R. Iino, T. Ando, and H. Noji, Science 2011, 333, 755.
K. Igarashi et al., Science 2011, 333, 1279.

－8－

Joshua B. Edel
Faculty of Natural Sciences, Department of Chemistry,
Imperial College London
Address: Exhibition Road, SW& 2AZ, London UK.
Tel: +44 (0)20 7594 0754
E-mail: joshua.edel@imperial.ac.uk
URL: http://www3.imperial.ac.uk/people/joshua.edel
 Educational Background
10/00 – 12/03: Ph.D. in physical chemistry.Imperial College London. (University of London, UK).
09/96 – 07/00: B.Sc. (Hon.) in chemistry. University of British Columbia. (Vancouver, Canada).
 Research Experience2014 Reader in (Bio)Sensing and Analytical Sciences
2009 Senior Lecturer in micro and nanotechnology
2006 - 2009 Lecturer in micro and nanotechnology
Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Department of Chemistry
Imperial College London, UK
2005 - 2006 Postdoctoral research fellow with Prof. Amit Meller.
Rowland Institute at Harvard, Harvard University, USA.
Research focus: Single molecule fluorescence lifetime imaging of DNA constructs
2004-2005
Postdoctoral research associate with Prof. Harold Craighead.
School of Applied and Engineering Physics, Cornell University, USA.
Research focus: Development of nanofluidic and nano-optical devices for molecularseparation and detection


Recent Publications (out of a total of 85 journal articles, 10 patents/applications, 55 refereed
conference proceedings, h-index (Google scholar) = 31)

1.

Precise Attolitre Temperature Control of Nanopore Sensors Using a Nanoplasmonic Bullseye, C.
R. Crick, P. Albella, B. Ng, A. P. Ivanov, T. Roschuk, M. P. Cecchini, F. Bresme, S. A. Maier,and J. B. Edel*Nano Lett. 2015, 15(1), 553, DOI: 10.1021/nl504536j
2. Single Molecule Sensing with Solid-state Nanopores: Novel Materials, Methods, and Applications,
B. N. Miles, A. P. Ivanov, K. A. Wilson, F. Doğan, D. Japrung, and J. B. Edel , Chem. Soc.
Rev.2013. 42, 15. DOI: 10.1039/C2CS35286A
3. Self-assembled nanoparticle arrays for multiphase trace analyte detection, M. P. Cecchini, V. A.
Turek, J. Paget, A. A. Kornyshev,* and J. B. Edel,* Nat. Mater. 2013, 12, 165. DOI:
10.1038/nmat3488.
4. A microdroplet dilutor for high-throughput screening, X. Niu, F. Gielen, J. B. Edel,* and A. J.
deMello,* Nat. Chem. 2011, 3, 437. (Cover Article). DOI:10.1038/nchem.1046
5. DNA Tunneling Detector Embedded in a Nanopore, A. P. Ivanov, E. Instuli, C. M. McGilvery, G.
Boldwin, D. W. McComb, T. Albrecht,* and J. B. Edel,* Nano Lett. 2011, 11(1), 279. DOI:
10.1021/nl103873a (Top 20 over 12 months).
6. Plasmonic Ruler at the Liquid–Liquid Interface, V. A. Turek, M. P. Cecchini, J. Paget, A. R.
Kucernak, A. A. Kornyshev,* and J. B. Edel,* ACS Nano 2012, 6(9), 7789. DOI:
10.1021/nn302941k
7. Heavy Metal Sensing Using Self-Assembled Nanoparticles at a Liquid–Liquid Interface, M. P.
Cecchini, V. A. Turek, A. Demetriadou, G. Britovsek, T. Welton, A. A. Kornyshev, D. E. T.
Wilton-Ely, and J .B. Edel, DOI: 10.1002/adom.201400211－9－

Novel Strategies in Single Molecule Sensing
Joshua B. Edel

Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Exhibition Road, SW& 2AZ, London U. K.

Analytical Sensors plays a crucial role in today’s highly demanding exploration and developmentof new detection strategies. Whether it be medicine, biochemistry, bioengineering, or analyticalchemistry the goals are essentially the same: 1) improve sensitivity, 2) maximize throughput, 3) andreduce the instrumental footprint. In order to address these key challenges, the analytical community
has borrowed technologies and design philosophies which has been used by the semiconductor
industry over the past 20 years. By doing so, key technological advances have been made which
include the miniaturization of sensors and signal processing components which allows for theefficient detection of nanoscale object. One can imagine that by decreasing the dimensions of asensor to a scale similar to that of a nanoscale object, the ultimate in sensitivity can potentially beachieved - the detection of single molecules. This talk highlights novel strategies for the detection of
single molecules using multiphase microfluidics.

Relevant Papers
1.

2.
3.

4.

Precise Attolitre Temperature Control of Nanopore Sensors Using a Nanoplasmonic Bullseye, C.
R. Crick, P. Albella, B. Ng, A. P. Ivanov, T. Roschuk, M. P. Cecchini, F. Bresme, S. A. Maier,and J. B. Edel*Nano Lett. 2015, 15(1), 553, DOI: 10.1021/nl504536j
Single Molecule Ionic Current Sensing in Segmented Flow Microfluidics, T. R. Gibb, A. P.
Ivanov, J. B. Edel, and T. Albrecht, Anal. Chem. 2014, 86(3), 1864. DOI: 10.1021/ac403921m
Rapid Ultrasensitive Single Particle Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy Using Metallic
Nanopores, M. P. Cecchini, A. Wiener, V. A. Turek,, H. Chon, S. Lee, A. P. Ivanov, D. W.
McComb, J. Choo, T. Albrecht, S. A. Maier, and J. B. Edel, Nano Lett. 2013, 13(10), 4602. DOI:
10.1021/nl402108g
Single Molecule Sensing with Solid-state Nanopores: Novel Materials, Methods, andApplications, B. N. Miles, A. P. Ivanov, K. A. Wilson, F. Doğan, D. Japrung, and J. B. Edel ,Chem. Soc. Rev.2013. 42, 15. DOI: 10.1039/C2CS35286A－10－

Hirokazu Tada
Professor of Material Science
Division of Materials Physics, Graduate School of Engineering Science,
Osaka University
Address: 1-3 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka 560-8531, Japan
Tel & Fax: (+81)-6-6850-6430
E-mail: tada@molectronicsjpx
 Educational Background1982-1986,
Undergraduate Course, (supervisor: Prof. Kozo Kuchitsu)
1986-1988,
Master Course, (supervisor: Prof. Kozo Kuchitsu)
1998-1999,
PhD Course,(supervisor: Prof. Atsushi Koma)
2003,
Doctor of Science
Department of Chemistry, School and Graduate School of Science,
The University of Tokyo Professional Career
1989-1993,
Assistant Professor, Dept. of Chem., School of Science, The University of Tokyo
1993-1996,
Senior Researcher, Commun. Res. Laboratory, Ministry of Posts and Telecommun.
1996-2000,
Lecturer, Dept. of Electronic Engineering Science, Graduate School ofEngineering, Kyoto University
2000-2005,
Associate Professor, Inst. for Molecular Science, Okazaki National Institutes of
Science Research Interests
1) Molecular-based electronics, spintronics and thermoelectronics
2) Molecular-scale electronics, spintronics and thermoelectronics


Recent Publications
1. Magnetoluminescence of light-emitting field-effect transistors based on alpha sexithiophen, S. T.
Pham and H. Tada, Appl. Phys. Lett. 2014,104, 133301.
2. Solution-processable n-Type Semiconducting Materials Containing a Carbonyl-bridged
Thiazole-fused π System, Y. Ie, C. Sato, M. Nitani, H. Tada, and Y. Aso, Chem. Lett. 2014, 43,1640.
3. Thermopower of Benzenedithiol and C60 Molecular Junctions with Ni and Au Electrodes, S. K.
Lee, T. Ohto, R. Yamada, and H. Tada, Nano Lett. 2014, 14, 5276.
4. Organic Magnetoresistance in Ambipolar Field-effect Transistor, S. T. Pham, Y. Kawasugi, and
H. Tada, Appl. Phys. Lett. 2013, 103, 143301.
5. Room-temperature magnetoresistance in organic spin-valves based on a Co2MnSi Heusler alloy,
Y. Kawasugi, T. Ujino, and H. Tada, Org. Electron. 2013, 14, 3186.

－11－

Carrier Transport in Single Molecules
Hirokazu Tada
Division of Materials Physics, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University,
1-3 Machinakaneyama, Toyonaka 560-8531, JapanThe concept of “molecular rectifier” proposed by
Aviram and Ratner in 1974 (Chem. Phys. Lett. 29, 277) has
motivated many researchers to prepare electronic devices
based on single molecules. The break-junction method
established in 2000s, illustrated schematically in Figure 1,
has enabled us to carry out the quantitative measurement
not only of electrical conductivity of single molecules
inserted between metal electrodes, but also of transport
properties of spins and heat in single molecular junctions.
Various studies have acquired the deep knowledge Figure 1. Preparation of metalmolecule-metal junctions using a
concerning the origin of structural fluctuation and/or noise break-junction method.
in the system, which encourages us to prepare novel devices
with unique functions.
Figure 2a shows the thermoelectric voltage of Au-C60-Au and Ni-C60-Ni as a function of ΔT.
Both junctions showed negative slope, which means a negative S. The result indicates that chargetransport for C60 is through the LUMO level when using either Ni or Au as electrode. Seebeckcoefficient of benzenedithiol (BDT) was positive and negative with Au and Ni electrodes,
respectively (Figure 2b). We have investigated the result using the first-principle calculation andfound that the spin splitting of HOMO of BDT occurs at the junction with Ni electrode.

Figure 2. Thermoelectric voltage as a function of ∆T for (a) C60 and (b) BDT molecular junctions.

－12－Jonathan P. Reid
Professor of Chemistry
School of Chemistry, University of Bristol
Address: Cantock’s Close, Bristol, BS8 1TS, U.K.
Tel & Fax: (+44)-117-3317388
E-mail: j.p.reid@bristol.ac.uk

 Educational Background1994 M.Sc., University of Oxford, U.K.
1997 D. Phil., Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford (supervisor: Dr. C.J.S.M. Simpson) Professional Career1997 Post-doctoral research associate, JILA, University of Colorado, USA (supervisor: Prof.
Stephen Leone)
2000 Lecturer in Physical Chemistry, Birmingham University
2004 Lecturer in Physical Chemistry, University of Bristol
2006 Reader in Physical Chemistry, University of Bristol
2009 Professor of Physical Chemistry, University of Bristol
 Research Interests
1) Optical trapping and spectroscopy of single aerosol particles
2) Aerosols in the atmosphere, drug delivery and combustion
 Awards
2001 Harrison Memorial Prize of the Royal Society of Chemistry
2004 EPSRC Advanced Research Fellowship2004 Marlow Medal of the Faraday Division of the Royal Society of Chemistry2009 EPSRC Leadership Fellowship2013 Corday-Morgan Prize of the Royal Society of Chemistry

Recent Publications

1. Probing the Micro-Rheological Properties of Aerosol Particles using Optical Tweezers, R. M. Power and
J. P. Reid, Rep. Prog. Phys. 2014, 77, 074601.
2. Measurements of the evaporation and hygroscopic response of single fine-mode aerosol particles using a
Bessel beam optical trap, M. I. Cotterell, B. J. Mason, A. E. Carruthers, J. S. Walker, A. J. Orr-Ewing,
and J. P. Reid, Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 2014, 16, 2118.
3. The Influence of Organic Films on the Evaporation and Condensation of Water in Aerosol, J. F. Davies,
R. E. H. Miles, A. E. Haddrell, and J. P. Reid, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 2013, 110, 8807.
4. The Transition from Liquid to Solid-Like Behaviour in Ultrahigh Viscosity Aerosol Particles, R. M.
Power, S. H. Simpson, J. P. Reid, and A. J. Hudson, Chem. Sci. 2013, 4, 2597.

－13－

New Analytical Tools for Aerosol Particles
Jonathan P. Reid
School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TS, U. K.

Aerosols find application in a broad range of scientific disicplines including combustion,
drug delivery and spray drying. Atmospheric aerosols have a significant impact on thechemical composition of the atmosphere, on the radiative balance through scattering andabsorbing light, and on the environment and health. Spanning in diameter from thenanometer to the 10’s micrometres scale, new analytical tools are required to characterize
the properties of aerosol and the factors that govern the processes they undergo over a wide
range of lengthscales and timescales. Interfacial transport at the molecular level may occur
on a timescale of nanoseconds, coalescence on a timescale of microseconds, condensationand evaporation on the millisecond to second timescale, and heterogeneous chemical aging
on a timescale of hours or days. We will describe a range of novel optical techniques thatprobe aerosol properties and processes over a wide range of particle sizes and overtimescales spanning form nanoseconds to days. These tools rely on trapping individual
particles or arrays of particles in an optical trap or an electrodynamic balance. In particular,
we will describe new methods for the following measurements:(1) Viscosity: By coalescing pairs of droplets and measuring the timescale for relaxation
to a sphere, we will show that the viscosity of particles can be determined spanning
the range 10-3 to 109 Pa s, an exceptionally wide dynamic range.
(2) Surface tension: From the relaxation timescale for coalescing pairs of droplets of low
viscosity, we will also show that the surface tension of solution droplets can beinferred with high accuracy.
(3) Evaporation/condensation kinetics: Measurements of the evolving size of droplets
can be made with a time resolution of <10 ms, providing insights into the the highly
dynamic nature of aerosol, including the impact of organic surface films on mass andheat transport in evaporating droplets.
(4) Optical extinction and refractive index: The evolving extinction cross-sections can
now be made on individual particles over an indefinite period of time, leading tohighly accurate measurements of refractive index that can improve our understandingof scattering and absorption of light in the atmosphere.

－14－

Nami Sakai
Assistant Professor
Department of Physics, Graduate School of Science, The University ofTokyo
Address: 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
Tel & Fax: (+81)-3-5841-4217
E-mail: nami@taurus.phys.s.u-tokyo.ac.jp

 Educational Background2004 B.Sc., Waseda University (supervisor: Prof. Daishido)
2006 M.Sc., Department of Physics, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo(supervisor: Prof. Yamamoto)2008 Ph.D., Department of Physics, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo(supervisor: Prof. Yamamoto) Professional Career2007 JSPS Research Fellow for Doctoral course students (DC2)2008 Assistant professor, Department of Physics, Graduate School of Science, The University ofTokyo Research Interests
1) Star and planet formation
2) Astrochemistry Awards
2009 Inoue Research Award for Young Scientists
2013 ASJ (Astronomical Society of Japan) Research Award for Young Scientists


Recent Publications
1. A Chemical View of Protostellar-Disk Formation in L1527, Sakai, N., et al. Astrophys. J. 2014,
791, L38.
2. Change in the Chemical Composition of Infalling Gas Forming a Disk around a Protostar, Sakai,N., et al. Nature 2014, 507, 78.
3. Warm Carbon-Chain Chemistry, Sakai, N. and Yamamoto, S. Chem. Rev. 2013, 113, 8981.
13
4. Anomalou C Isotope Abundances in C3S and C4H Observed toward the Cold Interstellar Cloud,Taurus Molecular Cloud-1, Sakai, N., Takano, S., Sakai, T., Shiba, S., Sumiyoshi, Y., Endo, Y.,
and Yamamoto, S. J. Phys. Chem. 2013, 117, 9831.

－15－

Chemical Evolution in Star and Planet Formation
Nami Sakai
Department of Physics, School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku,
Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
Star and planet formation is one of the most fundamental structure-formation processes in the
Universe. Physical processes of star and planet formation have widely been investigated as one of
the major targets of astronomy and astrophysics by observations in the entire wavelength region
during the last few decades. Although a rough outline of these processes has been presented, there
still remain many unknowns and missing links. One of them is when the disk structure is formed
around a protostar, and how it is evolved into a protoplanetary disk and eventually to a planetarysystem. At the same time, understanding the evolution of matter from interstellar clouds to stars
and planets is also a goal of astronomy. So far, about 180 interstellar molecules have been
identified mainly by radio-astronomical observations, and about 1/3 of them are "complex"
molecules having 6 atoms or more. This indicates the high chemical complexity of interstellar
clouds even in the extreme condition of low temperature (10-100 K) and low density (102-107 cm-3)
in comparison with the terrestrial condition, which would ultimately be related to an origin of rich
substances in the Solar System. Thus, approaches both from physical and chemical view points
are indispensable to bridge star/planet formation studies and planetary science of the Solar System.
In the last decade, it is clearly demonstrated that envelopes of solar-type protostars harborvarious "complex" organic molecules (COMs) such as HCOOCH3, (CH3)2O, and C2H5CN in thevicinity of the protostar. This result attracted much attention of astronomers and planetaryscientists in relation to the origin of pre-solar organic materials found in meteorites and comets.
On the other hand, protostellar envelopes which do not harbor COMs have also been found. Those
sources are rich in carbon-chain molecules and their related species instead. Thus, now we knowthat there are at least two distinct families in chemical compositions; one is a hot corino
characterized by abundant saturated COMs, whereas the other is a warm-carbon-chain-chemistry(WCCC) source characterized by abundant unsaturated COMs such as carbon-chain molecules andtheir related molecules. The chemical diversity would originate from different duration time of thestarless core phase of each protostar. On the other hand, the most interesting issue to be studied is
how the chemical diversity in the protostellar envelopes is brought into the later stages toward
protostellar/protoplanetary disks. Fortunately, such a study is now feasible with high-sensitivity
and high-angular-resolution capabilities of ALMA (Atacama Large Millimete/Submillimeter Array).
ALMA is a large radio interferometer constructed at the high altitude site (5000 m) in Chile, which
consists of 66 antennae in total. It is the most powerful radio telescope ever built, whose
sensitivity and angular resolution are at least higher than the other telescopes by 2 orders ofmagnitude. Its early science operation was started with 16 antennae in 2011 (Cycle 0), and the fulloperation is coming soon. In this talk, I present importance of chemistry in astronomical studies
by introducing chemical evolution from starless clouds to star forming clouds. I also talk about adrastic chemical change associated with disk formation, which was recently found with the ALMA
observations.
－16－