COURSE REPORT

Coding Bootcamps in 2021
YOUR COMPLETE GUIDE TO THE WORLD OF BOOTCAMPSWith over 600 bootcamps around the world in 2021, choosing the right coding
bootcamp is a big decision – we created this guide to help!
Use our comprehensive bootcamp guide to narrow down your options and read
our answers to the most frequently asked questions about bootcamps. We share
our latest research about the bootcamp market size, alumni outcomes, income
share agreements, university bootcamps, lending partners, and more. Plus, ourpredictions for where the bootcamp industry is going next!

I N THI S G UIDE
What is a coding bootcamp

High Level: Coding
Bootcamps 101
1.

The state of coding bootcamp in 2021
Types of bootcamps: 4 models
COVID-19 and coding bootcamps
The cost of bootcamp in 2021

Coding bootcamps are intensive, accelerated learning programs
that teach beginners digital skills like Full-Stack Web Development,

Bootcamp Locations

Data Science, Digital Marketing, UX/UI Design, Cybersecurity, andCurriculum trends at bootcamps

Technical Sales.

Beyond 2021: out predications

2. The average bootcamp costs ~$14,000, and graduates report anaverage starting salary of $69,000. Bootcamps can vary in length

Salaries after bootcamps

from 6 to 28 weeks, although the average bootcamp is ~14 weeks

Income sharing agreements

long.

Online bootcamps

3. Coding bootcamps teach modern, widely used programming

Workforce development partners

languages and frameworks like Ruby on Rails, Python on Django,
JavaScript, and PHP stacks through project-based learning. Students

Consolidation & acquisition

graduate from bootcamps with a portfolio, an online presence,

Regulation & criticism of the industry

interview skills and more. Most bootcamps help graduates find an

University bootcamps

internship or match students with an employer network – in fact, in
Course Report’s most recent research, 79% of bootcamp alumni

13 coding bootcamp FAQs

report being employed in programming jobs.
4.

There are bootcamp campuses in over 85 cities throughout the US/
Canada, although many bootcamps moved online in response to the
COVID-19 pandemic. Coding bootcamps are predicted to graduate

6. A lot has changed since bootcamps launched in 2012: University
Bootcamps are now competing with household bootcamp names,

25,000 students and gross $350MM in tuition revenue in 2020.

payment options like Income Share Agreements and Deferred Tuition
have exploded in recent years, and many bootcamps are dipping into

5. The average bootcamper has 7 years of work experience, has at

the corporate training market.

least a Bachelor’s degree, and has never worked as a programmer.
However, the number of students with degrees appears to be
declining slightly over time.

7.

At the end of this guide, we predict several trends in 2021, including
the expansion of university bootcamp partnerships, veteran programs
like VET TEC, ISA legislation, and more.

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What is a Coding
Bootcamp?
Coding bootcamps are intensive, accelerated learning programs thatteach beginners digital skills like Full-Stack Web Development, Data
Science, Digital Marketing, and UX/UI Design. Through project-basedlearning, coding bootcamps get students job-ready for a career in techin about 12 weeks. There are more than 100 coding bootcamps in cities
across the US and Canada, and ~50 bootcamps internationally. The
average bootcamp costs ~$14,000, and graduates report an average
starting salary of $69,000. Since the first bootcamps opened their doors
in February 2012, this industry has grown throughout the US and aroundthe world. Bootcamps can vary in length from 6 to 28 weeks, although theaverage bootcamp is ~14 weeks long.
Coding bootcamps teach modern, widely used programming languages
and frameworks like Ruby on Rails, Python on Django, JavaScript, and
PHP stacks. They are also heavily project-based, and require students
to immediately put their learnings into practice. Students build fully
functional web-apps, do data analysis and use real dev tools just weeks
into their programs. In recent years, the bootcamp model has extended toother digital skills like UX/UI Design, Data Science, and Cybersecurity.
Bootcampers graduate from bootcamps with a portfolio, an online
presence, interview skills and more. Most bootcamps help graduates findan internship or match students with an employer network – in fact, in
Course Report’s most recent research, 79% of bootcamp alumni reportbeing employed in programming jobs.

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79% of bootcamp alumni
report being employed inprogramming jobs.

The State of Coding
Bootcamps in 2021
This year marks the 8th anniversary for the coding bootcamp industry,
and more students than ever are learning to code at a bootcamp. Coding
bootcamps are a $350 million industry and will graduate ~25,000
developers in 2020. But a lot has changed since coding bootcamps
opened their doors.
Course Report launched in 2013 with 30 total bootcamp-style programs inour directory. Today, Course Report lists over 600! About 100 of those are
full-time, in-person, immersive coding bootcamps in the US and Canada.
There are bootcamp campuses in over 85 cities throughout the US/
Canada. Coding bootcamps are predicted to graduate 25,000 students
and gross $350MM in tuition revenue in 2020. In addition to this growthof the core industry, we see growth in several other areas:•

306% Growth of Online Bootcamps – there were 15,619 graduates ofthese full-time, remote bootcamps in 2020.

•

There are now over 120 University Bootcamps in the US•

Flexible Payment Options: the rise of ISAs, Deferred Tuition, and theuse of Lending Partners like Ascent Funding (previously SkillsFund),Sallie Mae and Climb•

Corporate Training/B2B growth, which has risen from ~20,000 grads
last year to ~25,000 grads in 2020

Note about Methodology: We survey actual schools for their graduation data each year.
While there are other methods of estimating the bootcamp market like scraping LinkedIn,
we worry that those methods severely overestimate the market because students rarely list
the course taken at a bootcamp. Part-time or intro classes are often not outcomes-focused,
so including them in a Coding Bootcamp Market Size produces a flawed view of the market.
When we measure the market size each year, we are including only graduates of full-time,
immersive bootcamps.

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Types of Bootcamps: 4 Models
Coding bootcamps have different academic models than traditional universities which allow them to serve the needs of a variety of learners. There are 4 bootcamp
models in the space: Full-Time In-Person, Full-Time Remote, Self-Paced, Part-Time Career-Focused. While the subjects taught are similar across models (typically
web development, mobile development, UX/UI design, data science, and project management), the time commitment, outcomes expectations, depth and deliveryof curricula vary based on model.

1

2

These are the schools that we typically think about when talking about

Online Coding Bootcamps almost mimic the classroom experience –“coding bootcamps.” Immersive, full-time, in-person – students attend

these are full-time bootcamps that require 40-60 hours per week (this isclass for 40-80 hours each week in a classroom. Immersive bootcamps

no MOOC)! Typically, online bootcamps will either use pre-existing tools

usually last 2 months to 7 months. Classes are held full-time and students

like Zoom Pro and build communities on Slack. Schools like Hack Reactor

can use facilities after class to review concepts and work on projects.

Remote, Thinkful’s Engineering Immersion, and Lambda School’s Full

Many intensive bootcamp students put in 80 hour weeks. To attend an

Stack Web Immersive are immersive, instructor-led bootcamps. Like

intensive bootcamp, students must be prepared to give up their full-their in-person counterparts, online bootcamps teach UX design, datatime job and limit outside activities for the course of the program. The

science, and software development, have outcomes-oriented curricula

Flatiron School Software Engineering Immersive, Turing School’s Back-that include one-on-one instructor/mentor guidance, interaction withEnd Engineering Bootcamp, and Codesmith’s Software Engineeringclassmates, and targeted career coaching.

FULL-TIME, IN-PERSON BOOTCAMPS

Immersive are examples of this model.
Due to COVID-19, almost all coding bootcamps moved online in 2020. Starting in March 2021, someschools (like DigitalCrafts and LearningFuze) are moving back to in-person and hybrid classrooms. We’rekeeping track of these COVID-19 updates here!

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FULL-TIME, REMOTE BOOTCAMPSTypes of Bootcamps:
4 Models Cont’d3

4

Self-Paced Online Bootcamps require less of a time commitment each

Part-time coding bootcamps usually meet on nights and weekends.

week (~10-20 hours) but take longer to complete. Typically, students

Students study programming over a longer period of time (~6-9 months)

complete curriculum and projects on their own schedule and meet with aand spend 6-15 hours per week in class and another 10-15 hours per weekmentor several times each week. Most online schools also have an online

on outside work. Students in part-time bootcamps usually hold part-timecommunity where students can connect with each other. One plus? Youor full-time jobs in addition to class. The goal for a part-time bootcamper

can enjoy the benefits of bootcamp from the comfort of your own home

is typically to land a new job or get a promotion at work, but some part-and don’t need to quit your job to upskill. Thinkful’s Engineering Flex andtime students’ goals are to simply add new tools to their resume. For

Springboard’s Software Engineering Career Track are great examples ofexample, a Product Manager may take a part-time coding bootcamp

the self-paced online bootcamp.

to become more fluent with developers at work. Examples of quality

SELF-PACED ONLINE

PART-TIME, CAREER-FOCUSED

part-time bootcamps are Actualize’s Nights and Weekends Course or
DevMountain’s After Hours User Experience Design Course.

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The Cost of a Coding
Bootcamp in 2020
Tuition ranges from $3,500 to $30,000 for a coding bootcamp, with anaverage tuition of $14,142.
The cost of a bootcamp education doesn’t even compare to a 4-year
degree: While coding bootcamps cost an average of $14,142, thetuition at top CS programs can be triple or quadruple that in just one
academic year. Carnegie Mellon undergraduate tuition and tuition at theMassachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) is about $60,000-70,000
per year. Students also must consider opportunity cost and living cost –the longer you are studying, the longer you will have to make ends meeton a tight budget.

Coding Bootcamp Lending Partners
In our latest research, we found that 26% of 2019 bootcamp graduates
are using external loans to cover tuition (that’s up from 23% in 2018).
The most popular lending partners used are Ascent Funding (previously
Skills Fund) and Climb Credit. 45% of bootcampers who used an externalloan opted for Ascent Funding/Skills Fund; 24% used a Climb Credit loan.
Other lending partners in the space include Upstart, Quotanda, Sallie
Mae, Earnest, and Pave.

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TREND ALERT: Over the years, coding bootcamps have gotten much longer:from just under 11 weeks in 2015 to just over 15 weeks in 2019. And interestingly,
we find that the length of the bootcamp actually does have an impact on postgraduation average salary: the average salary after an 8-week bootcamp is$58,248 versus the average salary after a bootcamp that’s longer than 16 weeks,
which is $71,103. While most bootcamps are 12-14 weeks long, schools like Turing
School (7 months), Ada Developers Academy, and Holberton (up to 2 years) are
examples of longer bootcamps.

Bootcamp Locations:
The US + International
As of June 1, 2019, there are coding bootcamp courses in 71 US cities and
38 states, and 14 online. Location data is from a sample of 180 courses
from all 96 qualifying schools.
6 Canadian bootcamps graduated 888 students in 2018, will graduate
an estimated 1,057 in 2019, and will generate $12,056,406 in revenue
in 2019. The most popular teaching language in Canadian bootcamps
is divided evenly between Ruby on Rails and MEAN Stack. As of June
1, 2019, there are coding bootcamp courses in 7 Canadian cities and 4
provinces.
In March 2020, coding bootcamps reacted to stay-at-home orders
quickly by transitioning to remote learning. Even if bootcamps maintained
a physical office in these 71 cities throughout COVID-19, very few
bootcampers were actually learning to code in classrooms in these cities.
Starting in March 2021, some schools are moving back to in-person andhybrid classrooms.

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Curriculum at Coding
Bootcamps
Full-Stack Web Development continues to dominate bootcamp curricula –90% of coding bootcamp grads learn Full-Stack Web Development. Web
Development coding bootcamps have historically been taught using Ruby
on Rails, Full-Stack JavaScript, .NET/C#, Java, Python, or PHP. In 2020,
Full-Stack JavaScript has maintained its position as the primary teaching
language. 50% of courses reported Full-Stack JavaScript as the primary
programming language. Not only are schools new to the market choosing
JavaScript, but established bootcamps are also migrating their curricula toemphasize JavaScript.
Coding bootcamps are hotbeds for innovation; because they’re 3 months
long, bootcamps can iterate quickly on their curriculum based on market
trends and employer needs. The skills you learn at a bootcamp can range– you’ll probably learn HTML/CSS, JavaScript, a backend language like
Rails or Java. But a lot of instructors and industry folks will tell you that the
programming language itself doesn’t matter; what you’re really learning is
how to learn a new language. And that’s a skill that employers tell us they
appreciate time and time again.
JOB CURRICULUM
On top of the technical curriculum, most bootcamps offer services to help
prepare students for the job market. Almost all students report receiving
some form of assistance: career days, resume prep, apprenticeship, onsite interviews, and more. The most popular services offered are resume
assistance and networking events.

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Salaries After Coding
Bootcamp
The majority of graduates of coding bootcamps are finding full-time
employment, and 83% of graduates surveyed say they’ve been employed
in a job requiring the technical skills learned at bootcamp, with a mediansalary increase of 56% or $25,000. The average starting salary ofa bootcamp grad is $69,079. Course Report’s Annual Outcomes &Demographics Study dives into graduates’ success, analyzing not only
demographics and outcomes, but also how previous experience, income,location, and other factors impact a student’s average salary and ability to
get a job.
As bootcamp grads progress in their careers, salaries rise as well. In
our latest survey, Course Report found that in their second jobs after
bootcamp, alumni see a 23% salary lift to ~$80,000. And by their thirdjobs, alumni report earning, on average, $95,000 per year! This data
confirms that as new grads become more experienced developers,
they’re also increasingly valuable to their teams and companies (and cancommand higher salaries).
Other factors like location certainly impact salaries – graduates working
in California see the highest salaries; the average is $100,482. Next up
is New York, where grads make an average of $74,756. Interestingly,
graduates who studied online had the third highest average salary of$70,500. However, living costs are likely to be higher in those tech hubs
in California and New York, so students should make sure to take that into
consideration when looking for a job.

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Coding Bootcamp
Demographics
The average bootcamper has 6 years of work experience, has at least a
Bachelor’s degree, and has never worked as a programmer. However,the number of students with degrees appears to be declining slightly overtime.

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Income Share Agreements + Deferred Tuition
ISAs and Deferred Tuition can align a school’s incentives with those of its students. Essentially, if their students aren’t successful, then neither is the school.
However, these payment offerings require schools to take on additional risk, so you shouldn’t expect to see every school offering deferred tuition or ISAs. The terms
and conditions between bootcamps are also incredibly nuanced, so students should do additional research to understand whether there is a cap on repayments,
minimum salaries that trigger repayment, and the total amount paid compared to a traditional loan.

HOW POPULAR ARE ISAS & DEFERRED TUITION?
Income Sharing Agreements (ISAs) and Deferred Tuition are two trends
on the rise in the bootcamp industry. For 2020 graduates, 60% of
respondents either used or were offered an ISA/Deferred Tuition. 11%
actually used an ISA and 8% actually used a Deferred Tuition Plan.
Interestingly, students who chose to use an ISA or Deferred Tuition
earned higher salaries after graduation and saw greater salary lifts –~$10-15K higher salaries – but also paid ~$3000 more for tuition.

WHAT IS DEFERRED TUITION?
Deferred tuition means students pay no upfront tuition (or very little),then start paying a set tuition amount once they graduate and find a job.
You should expect to see a fixed total tuition cost that you will pay to theschool in installments.

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WHAT IS AN INCOME SHARING AGREEMENT OR ISA?
An income sharing agreement means students agree to pay a percentage of
their salary to the school for a set period of time. Depending on the school, thepercentage can range from 8% to 25%, and you may be sharing your income
for 1 year to 4 years. ISAs have also been popularized by colleges like Purdue
University – though the minimum salary that triggers repayment at Purdue is$20,000, which pales in comparison to the $40-50K minimum salaries we see
from bootcamps. At the end of the day, Income Sharing Agreements are anotherway for schools to show potential students that they’re confident in their ability
to get students jobs. Our recommendation is to ask the school for an Outcomes
Report – that’s the most transparent method to see if they get their students jobs.
Income Sharing Agreements are financial instruments (like a loan). But they
currently fall into a bit of a grey area. Many schools use a third-party organization
like Vemo Education or Leif to design, implement, and “take the complexity outof” offering Income Sharing Agreements. Traditional lenders like Ascent Funding
even started designing ISAs in 2020! We expect 2021 to bring regulation to the
ISA industry.

WHAT ARE THE ADVANTAGES OF DEFERRED TUITION AND
ISAS?
•

ISAs and Deferred Tuition can align the school’s incentives with those of theirstudents. If their students aren’t successful, then neither is the school.

•

A high-quality ISA has a payment cap – i.e. the most you will pay is 1.5X thetuition cost.

•

Takes the pressure of upfront tuition off of students•

Expands accessibility to bootcamps to a wider pool of students by making it
possible for a student without $20,000 in savings to enroll•

Job guarantees can be heavily regulated, so deferred tuition and ISAs areanother way to prove to students that a bootcamp’s incentives are alignedwith the goals of their students

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Online Bootcamps
in 2021
Online coding bootcamps offer convenience and structure without
forcing students to quit their job or move to a new city. 15,619 developers
graduated from these full-time, remote bootcamps in 2020 and we expect
this space to continue growing, especially as a result of the COVID-19
pandemic.
MOOCs have infamously low graduation rates, but online coding
bootcamps are not MOOCs! Schools like Hack Reactor Remote, Thinkful,
and Lambda School are offering immersive, instructor-led bootcamps thatkeep students engaged and even guarantee jobs. Like their in-person
counterparts, online bootcamps teach UX design, data science, andsoftware development, have outcomes-oriented curricula that include
one-on-one instructor/mentor guidance, interaction with classmates,
and targeted career coaching.
Each year, we spend months choosing a list of the best online
bootcamps. But remember, there is no ultimate “best online coding bootcamp” – the best code school for you depends on your own learning
style, availability, and career goals. No matter how many accolades a•First, find a course that supports your learning style.

school has, make sure to do your research: read reviews, talk to alumni,•

Be sure to carve out time to dedicate to the online bootcamp andtake an intro course, and ask about job outcomes data.

make the most of your support network (instructors, mentors, alumni
network, etc).

Typically, online bootcamps will either use pre-existing tools like Zoom Pro•

and build communities on Slack. Some schools like Software Guild havebuilt their own proprietary learning platforms. Remember that learning tocode online is different than learning in a classroom. Here’s our advice:
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Take advantage of offline opportunities like Meetups or Thinkful
Communities•

Finally, code every day and network aggressively to get a job when
you graduate!

COVID-19 and Coding
Bootcamps
IMPACT ON BOOTCAMPSIn March 2020, coding bootcamps reacted to stay-at-home orders
quickly by transitioning to remote learning. 84% of bootcamps reported
that they moved entirely online during the COVID-19 pandemic. 12%of schools reported that they were already online. Only 4% of schools
reported that they did not move entirely online during COVID-19 (theyeither paused enrollment or maintained a hybrid classroom). As a result,
we saw a complete shift in market size and growth rate from in-person toonline.

IMPACT ON BOOTCAMP ALUMNI
to COVID-19 or shifted to remote work. 25% of bootcamp alumni were
At Course Report, we kept tabs throughout 2020 (and into 2021) on how

negatively impacted by COVID-19, which meant that they were either had

coding bootcamps are responding to and meeting the needs of their

not found a job, were laid off/furloughed or took a pay cut. The fact thatcurrent and upcoming cohorts during the COVID-19 pandemic. Online

50% of bootcamp alumni were able to move into remote work during acoding bootcamps were already using Zoom video, Slack, GitHub, and VS

global recession demonstrates the resilience of these tech jobs.

Code Live Share for pair programming, online lectures, and to connect
mentors and instructors with students.
One impact of COVID-19 that we see in the data is that 26% of 2020
graduates reported being unemployed before bootcamp. This is much

Good News: Average salaries for In-Person bootcamp alumni were
almost identical to salaries for bootcampers who learned Online –about $69,000.

higher than previous years and makes perfect sense in light of the

In-person coding bootcamps swiftly transitioned to delivering live remoteeconomic recession starting in March.

instruction and so many bootcamps offered new hardship scholarships

We asked bootcamp alumni how the COVID-19 pandemic had impacted
their careers. 75% of bootcamp alumni either experienced no change due
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and initiatives to support students breaking into tech now. In 2020,
bootcamps offered $13.5M in scholarships for students impacted by
COVID-19.

Coding Bootcamps& Workforce
Development

Coding Bootcamp
Acquisitions &Consolidation

In 2020, bootcamps were chosen for 34 workforce development grants

As of March 2021, we estimate that more than $784 million has beenin 28 states. Federal programs like WIOA (the Workforce Innovation

invested in the bootcamp industry (not including another $999 million

and Opportunity Act), the CARES act, and even private/public initiatives

in bootcamp-adjacent fundraisers like Udemy and Climb Credit). Since

can make it possible to attend a bootcamp tuition-free! A handful of

Kaplan acquired Dev Bootcamp in 2014, 28 bootcamps have beenbootcamps like Tech Elevator and Coding Temple actually got WIOA-

acquired; many of these deal details weren’t disclosed, but the Generalapproved in the past year. A few notable examples of these workforce

Assembly (bought by Adecco for $413M) and Trilogy Education (bought

development partnerships are:by 2U for $750M) top the list. Here’s a full chronicle of every coding
bootcamp acquisition and fundraise since 2014!

•
•
•

•

ChiCodes, a partnership between Chicago Cook Workforce, City of
Chicago, and Coding Temple.

Just 3 months into 2021 (as of March 2021), bootcamps have already

Career Discovery NYC and the NYC Tech Talent Pipeline in New

secured ~$112,000,000 in funding! To date, the largest fundraisesYork.

were Victory Lap’s $25M from Leif and Ironhack’s $20M Series B round.

WorkSource Atlanta, an agency within the City of Atlanta whose

Bootcamp-adjacent companies like Codecademy and Blair Capital also

mission is to provide job seekers with up to $7,000 in funding forraised an additional $158M in 2021. On top of those major fundraises,bootcamps like DigitalCrafts.

we’ve already seen two major acquisitions in 2021 – Brainstation acquired

Find a full list of workforce development opportunities here.

Wyncode in January and SNHU acquired Kenzie Academy in March.

As we think about the ways that the US will continue to retrain and rebuild

Bootcamps secured ~$160,000,000 in funding throughout 2020

our economy post-COVID, bootcamps are already in the position to take– the largest fundraises were Lambda School’s $74M Series C andthat on because of the partnerships forged with workforce development

Springboard’s $31M Series B. Bootcamp-adjacent companies likeboards in 2020.

Coursera and Udacity also raised an additional $385M in 2020. On top of
those major fundraises, we saw several major acquisitions in 2020 – forexample, Stride/K-12 purchased Galvanize for $165M and Tech Elevator
for $24M, and WeWork sold Flatiron School to Carrick Partners for an
undisclosed amount.

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Coding Bootcamp Acquisitions& Consolidation cont’d•Lambda School closed their Series C and raised $74M in equity,

3 WAYS THE BOOTCAMP INDUSTRY IS CONSOLIDATING

with the largest investment coming from Gigafund, the VC that has
1.

invested in SpaceX.
•••

Springboard received a $31 million dollar investment led by Telstra••

Bootcamps have been acquiring each other since 2015. This

Ventures.

is a great way to expand into markets where a school has

Code Institute raised €1.2 million to expand online coding courses.

lower name recognition. For example, Fullstack Academy

The round was led by Kernel Capital, through the Bank of Irelandacquired StarterLeague in Chicago in 2016 and now runs a

Kernel Growth Funds, and Infinity Capita

thriving Chicago campus. Another motivation is to buy out

Paris-operated coding bootcamp Le Wagon closed a funding round ofcompetition, as in the case of Thinkful acquiring Bloc in 2018

$19 million this month. The funding round was led by Cathay Capital(and previously The Viking School).
2. Traditional For-Profit Universities Acquiring Bootcamps

and Africvest.
•

Bootcamps Acquiring Other Bootcamps

Microverse raised $3.2 million in seed funding from venture capitalists•

Capella Education (now Strategic Education) acquired

including General Catalyst and Y Combinator.

Hackbright Academy and DevMountain in 2016. We know

Indonesian-based coding bootcamp Hactiv8 raised $3M this January.

from Strategic Education’s most recent quarterly filings thatthe bootcamps are now generating returns for the company.

In 2019, we estimate that the bootcamp industry saw $170MM in•

While some of these deals have been successful, others

fundraising (not including debt financing). The largest fundraises of 2019

have been a letdown. Dev Bootcamp was acquired byincluded:

Kaplan in 2014 and The Iron Yard was bought by Apollo
Education in 2015 – by 2017, both schools had been shut•

expand its income sharing agreement (ISA)••

Make School also raised $15 million in series B funding in April in•

Trilogy Education was acquired by 2U for ~$750MM,
expanding 2U’s hold in higher education program

Kenzie Academy raised $7.8 million in Series A funding to expand to

management.

Momentum coding bootcamp in Durham, North Carolina, raised$2.75 million to strengthen its existing immersive courses – run byformer Iron yard execs.

•

3. Education & Staffing Companies Broadening Portfolios

order to expand to New York City
students online and in the Midwest•

down by their parent companies.

Online bootcamp Lambda School raised $30 million in January toSpringboard raised $11M to expand mentor-driven coding bootcamps

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Swiss staffing firm acquired General Assembly for $413MM
and WeWork acquired Flatiron School – both deals present
an opportunity to expand the pipeline from training toemployment and placement.

Regulation & Criticism of the Bootcamp Industry
Generally speaking, coding bootcamps are not accredited. However, the“stakeholder” organizations, who have developed a common framework

bootcamp you attend should be licensed by a state regulatory agency.

for reporting on, documenting, and auditing student outcomes. CIRR

Licensing often means that the school has to submit their curricula (andschools must report their outcomes every six months, and their data must

any major curricula changes) for approval, invest in liability insurance inbe backed up by documentation (meaning schools must collect writtencase of closure, and publicize their course catalog. It does not mean that

confirmation from students and employers or offer letters) and verified by

the code school is able to grant degrees.

a third-party.

State regulatory agencies like the California Bureau for Post Secondary

Before CIRR, schools attempted to form NESTA. And around the same

Education (BPPE) and the Texas Workforce Commission (TWC) havetime, worked with the Obama Administration on EQUIP. Under the EQUIP

cracked down on schools operating without a license (and online schools,

program, in essence, a university partnered with a coding bootcamp andwhich present even more ambiguity). Lambda School was recently fineda quality assurance entity (QAE), and as a result, students could effectively

by the BPPE in California, Flatiron School was fined by the Attorney

get financial aid and/or college credit for completing a coding bootcamp.

General of New York, and as the industry gains more steam, it also gains

The DOE called these partnerships “test sites” and announced awarded

attention from critics and regulators.

$17M in grants in August 2016.

To combat that outside criticism, a coalition of bootcamps formed theCouncil on Integrity in Results Reporting (CIRR) in 2016 and started
publishing student graduation and job placement data in a single,
standardized framework. The Council on Integrity in Results Reporting(CIRR) is a non-profit whose members include both bootcamps and

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University Bootcamps
Universities have now been partnering with coding bootcamps since

TIPS FOR CHOOSING THE BEST UNIVERSITY CODING

2016, but there is a ton of nuance between these university bootcamps.

BOOTCAMP

In 2021, there are about 120 university bootcamps in the Course Report
directory (and counting)! The leading OPM is Trilogy Education (owned by•

Ask for Student Outcomes! Yes, the prestige of a university2U), followed by Quickstart and Fullstack Academy, as well as HackerU.

being involved with a coding bootcamp is impressive

Trilogy bootcamps are offered through the Continuing Education– but the appeal of a coding bootcamp is that you get

Department at each university and do not qualify for federal student

relevant, hands-on training that employers are looking for.

loans or college credit. Competitors to Trilogy, like Noodle Partners

If your goal is to get a job after graduating, then be sureand Quickstart Education, have broken into the market in 2019 as well.

to ask the bootcamp for data about their alumni. What’s

Other university coding bootcamps offer college credit, like Dominican

the graduation rate? What percentage of graduates are

University and Make School. Portland coding bootcamp Epicodus has

employed within 3 months? What’s their average starting

partnered with Warner Pacific University to create a program calledsalary? These are all questions you can ask to be sure thatsourceU, where students take introductory college classes through thethe bootcamp will help you get a job after graduating.

university, then do Epicodus’ 27-week web and mobile development
course. Students then take an additional 4 months of WPU courses,•

Understand who will be teaching the course. Most often,
a bootcamp instructor will be teaching this course – thisbefore graduating with an Associate’s Degree.

means you can expect to learn from someone with realworld, professional experience. But if you’re expecting auniversity professor, then be sure to ask about this upfront.
•

Research the bootcamp itself. It can be easy to get caught
up in fancy university names. After all, if an Ivy League
university is associated with the bootcamp, it has to be thebest, right? Wrong! Do as much research as you would for
an independent bootcamp.

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Corporate Training
According to the US Bureau of Labor Statistics, the demand for softwaredevelopers is expected to grow by 17%, “much faster than average” by2024, which is about 200,000 more roles. Software developers are
already expensive, and “harder than average to recruit,” so more andmore companies are thinking about re-training their own workforce.
For example, AT&T is currently retraining 100,000 employees. As theindustry grows, these bootcamps have identified a need for companies toprovide in-house training for their employees. Many bootcamps now offer
a range of customizable corporate training programs. In 2020, coding
bootcamps trained 25,162 students in digital skills via 493 corporate
training partners!
Bootcamps offer a number of ways to upskill/reskill employees in a
corporate setting:•On-site training•

Online training•

In-classroom training•

Custom hackathons•

Upskill current employees to keep them engaged and learning eg.
this partnership with Liberty Mutual and The Software Guild•

Mentor or onboard new hires

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2021 and Beyond:What’s Next for
Bootcamps•

Last year, we reported a lot about the Forever GI Bill; in 2020-2021
we’ll start to see more veterans taking advantage of VET TEC anddepending on how that pilot goes, we could see even more veteransin bootcamps.

•

We’ll continue seeing bootcamps offering ISAs – and regulation willcatch up to this space under the Biden Administration. As a result,
we’ll see CIRR grow in its importance and membership.

•

As the demand for cybersecurity and data professionals rises,bootcamps will continue to react and launch new courses to meetmarket demands.

•

There is a lot of opportunity in university partnerships – we hope to
see rigorous and transparent outcomes standards applied to these
university bootcamps.

•

In 2020, bootcamps were chosen for 34 workforce development
grants in 28 states. As we think about the ways that the US willcontinue to retrain and rebuild our economy post-COVID, bootcamps
are already in the position to take that on because of the partnerships
forged with workforce development boards in 2020.

•

In response to the lasting impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, remotelearning and employment will remain crucial to the growth of thebootcamp industry.

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Top 13 Coding Bootcamp FAQs from Students
PREPARING FOR A CODING BOOTCAMP
PREPPING FOR A BOOTCAMP
1. Coding bootcamp vs college: what’s my best option?
2. Can I learn to code on my own?
3. Am I ready for a coding bootcamp?
NARROWING YOUR OPTIONS
4. What type of coding bootcamp should I attend?

1. Coding Bootcamp vs College: what’s best for me?
Can you really learn everything you need for a job in the tech industry
without a computer science degree? Here are 5 things to consider when
deciding between 4 months vs. 4 years of school.
•

degree program, but leads to a rewarding average starting salary of

5. Should I move cities for a coding bootcamp?
6. Which programming language should I learn?
7. Where can I find coding bootcamp reviews?
BOOTCAMP APPLICATIONS
8. What should I expect at a coding bootcamp?

Cost. The cost of a bootcamp is equivalent to one semester of a CS
60-70K.

•

Return on Investment. You can complete a bootcamp in less time
and with less money while still holding the same earnings potential asa CS grad.

•Time Commitment. CS Degree programs require a longer time
investment, which means deeper understanding and more practicehours. In contrast, you’ll finish a bootcamp in a matter of weeks, but

PAYING FOR BOOTCAMP
9. How much should I budget at a bootcamp?
10. How do I pay for a coding bootcamp?

may need to spend some time doing self-study to get up to speed.
•

Curriculum. For a more well-rounded understanding of computer
systems and a general understanding of coding, a CS degree is abetter option. To delve right into coding languages and their practical

JOB PLACEMENT
11. Will I get a job after a coding bootcamp?
12. What can I do after a bootcamp education?
13. Are coding bootcamps accredited?

applications, bootcamp is the way to go.
•

Career Outlook. If you want to launch or join a startup skip the CS
degree and go to bootcamp. If becoming an executive at Google,
Apple or Amazon is in your future, plan to earn a CS degree at somepoint down the road.

Further Reading: Check out our guide to Coding Bootcamps vs. College,
read thoughts from a CS professor-turned-coding-bootcamp-instructor,
and watch our CS Degrees vs Coding Bootcamps Webinar.
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Top 13 Coding Bootcamp FAQs from Students
2. Can I learn how to code on my own?

•

Set your goals. Are you a career changer or just seeking a new

Once you’ve decided to learn how to code, you may be wondering if you

hobby? Take some time to self-teach before taking the plunge andcan teach just teach yourself. History says, “YES!” Plenty of successful

quitting your job to join a bootcamp.

developers are self-taught using books, online resources, etc. Here are
6 things to consider when deciding if you should attend a bootcamp or

FOR MORE THOUGHTS ON SELF-STUDY VS. CODING BOOTCAMPS,

teach yourself.

READ BOOTCAMP VS. SELF-STUDY: THE COMPLETE GUIDE.

••

Prior coding experience. Students with a computer sciencebackground or knowledge of programming, may find it easier to teach

3. Am I ready for a coding bootcamp?

themselves. However, if you have no knowledge of programming and

Coding Bootcamps are intensive programs; while very rewarding, awould like to learn quickly, it’s better to attend a coding bootcamp.

coding bootcamp will be stressful and will push you. Before attending a

Coding curriculum. It’s difficult enough to learn to code, and if you

bootcamp, consider if it’s the right fit for your learning style. Schools look

don’t have a guide, it’s hard to know how to teach yourself. If you findfor the following skills in intensive bootcamp applicants:

it difficult to find the tools you need, consider a bootcamp with a set•

curriculum.
••

applying to an intensive bootcamp. It’s a huge investment to spend

Learning style. Have you tried to teach yourself a new technical skill
in the past? Were your past self-teaching attempts a success? Work40-80+ hours a week over the course of several months to learn aout what your learning style is. If you find that you learn well on yournew skill. You’ll often hear the word grit throughout the admissions

own, it’s something you should try before bootcamp.

process, and that’s exactly what schools are looking for in applicants.

Time and commitment. What is your Bootcamp ROI (Return on

Bootcamps want to know that their students are committed to doing

Investment)? You may save in the long run by paying for a bootcamp

whatever it takes to succeed for the duration of the bootcamp. At theand reaping the benefits of a salary increase in just a few shortsame time, make sure you avoid burnout.

months. Use the Bootcamp ROI calculator to determine your ROI.
•

Willingness to work hard – this is particularly important whenYour network. Do you know fellow programmers? Do you havecontacts to find a job after you learn to code? If not, a bootcamp will
surely provide a network and contacts, which are fundamental in any
career transition.

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Ability to problem solve – An intense curiosity and desire to problemsolve are vital, because many bootcamps offer limited lectures andinstead require students to spend most of the day solving challenges
on their own. During the technical coding challenge, your approach

Top 13 Coding Bootcamp FAQs from Students
to problem-solving can be even more important than solving thechallenge.
•

Interpersonal skills – Whether it’s called empathy or just “playing
nice,” a bootcamp is a team sport. You’ll be spending the majorityof your days learning alongside and coding with a small group of
strangers. Those that demonstrate a desire to learn from and workwith others will do well.

•

Technical chops – Depending on the school. you may be required topass a coding challenge in your interview. If you’re not quite ready,take a coding bootcamp prep program.

If a full-time coding bootcamp is not an option, consider a part-timebootcamp or online bootcamp.

Complete a course on Codecademy, Treehouse or Udemy to
Test your passion for coding at a weekend workshop like Railsbridge,
Rails Girls, or Girl Develop It.

•

Acceptance rates at top coding bootcamps are notoriously low (somebetween 3-6%), but that doesn’t mean that you’re not ready to learn
to code. Coding Bootcamps are generally upfront about the minimum
demands they make on their students. Some “zero to sixty” code schools
are meant to bring beginners into the fold and other “twenty to onetwenty” bootcamps aim to help current developers make a leap or learn
a new technology stack. First, figure out what your own skill level is, andthen find the bootcamp that aligns with that level.
Immersive coding bootcamps – Immersive bootcamps usually last 2
facilities after class to review concepts and work on projects. Many

discover if you like coding.
•

4. What type of bootcamp should I attend?

months to 7 months. Classes are held full-time and students can use

NEXT STEPS:•NARROWING YOUR OPTIONS

Attend a meetup to build your own community of learners!

intensive bootcamp students put in 80 hour weeks. To attend an intensive
bootcamp, students must be prepared to give up their full-time job andlimit outside activities for the course of the program.
Part-time coding bootcamps – Part-time coding bootcamps usually meeton nights and weekends. Students study concepts over a longer periodof time and spend 6-15 hours per week in class and another 10-15 hours
per week on additional concepts. Students in part-time bootcamps usually
hold part-time or full-time jobs in addition to class.
Online coding bootcamps – More recently, the bootcamp trend has
shifted thanks to online coding schools like Bloc, Thinkful, and other25 | CO D I N G B OOTC AMPS 101|© 2020 COU RSE REPO RT

Top 13 Coding Bootcamp FAQs from Students
popular programs. Even if you choose to study online, you’ll still have•

Do you have obligations in your current city? If you don’t have ties

options between flexible or full-time courses. Students complete

or if you’re just ready for a big move, then perhaps a fully immersive

curriculum and activities on their own and meet with a mentor several

experience could be beneficial in freeing you from distractions andtimes each week. Most online schools also have an online community

offering a new experience.

where students can connect with each other. One plus? You can enjoy the•Does your current city have a credible coding bootcamp option?

benefits of bootcamp from the comfort of your own home. Watch demos

The Midwest, South, and even Malaysia, all have credible codingof online coding bootcamps here.

bootcamps. It’s not necessary to move cities (or countries) to geta solid foundation in programming and get a job as a software

STUCK BETWEEN TWO BOOTCAMPS? HERE ARE A FEWdeveloper.

COMPARISONS:•

Bloc vs. Thinkful (Online)

According to Course Report’s latest 2020 Outcomes & Demographics•

Lighthouse Labs vs. CodeCore (Canada)

Report, cities with the highest average salaries remain the large tech•

Flatiron School vs. Dev Bootcamp (New York)hubs with plenty of developer jobs: Graduates working in California see•

App Academy vs. Flatiron School (New York)the highest salaries; the average is $100,482. Next up is New York, where
grads make an average of $74,756. Interestingly, graduates who studied

5. Which city should I attend coding bootcamp?

online had the third highest average salary of $70,500.

While you will still find the majority of dev bootcamps in major tech hubs

FURTHER READING: SHOULD I STAY OR SHOULD I GO: MOVING

like San Francisco and New York, bootcamps have sprung up in smaller

TO A NEW CITY VS STAYING LOCAL WHEN CHOOSING A CODING

markets since 2012 (there are coding bootcamps in over 70 US cities)!

BOOTCAMP.

Coupled with legitimate online coding schools that offer mentorship, you
no longer need to move cities in order to get a solid education. Consider
these things when making the decision:•

Where do you want to work after you graduate? If your goal is toget a job in your current city, then there’s no reason to pack up yet!

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Top 13 Coding Bootcamp FAQs from Students
6. Which programming language should I learn?
Coding bootcamps employ teaching languages to introduce students tothe world of programming. While language shouldn’t be the main deciding
factor when choosing a bootcamp, students may have specific careergoals that guide them towards a particular language.
In that case, first decide whether you’d prefer to learn web or mobile

7. Where can I find coding bootcamp reviews?
Check out Course Report for thousands of coding bootcamp reviews!
Our school directory is sorted by the number of verified reviews. You canalso find reviews on Quora and Yelp.
If you’ve graduated from a bootcamp, you should leave a review to help
future students make their decision.

development. For the web, your main choices are Ruby, Python, LAMP
stack, MEAN stack and .NET languages. For mobile, choose between
Java for Android and Swift or Objective-C for iOS. Learning a specificlanguage may lead you to a new job market and offer pathways todifferent career tracks, average salaries and areas of business. However,APPLYING TO A CODING BOOTCAMP

8. What can I expect in a coding bootcamp interview?
While coding bootcamp interviews will differ by school, you can expect

many recent bootcamp graduates find that they end up learning and using

certain elements across the board. Some interviews will begin with aa completely different language on the job. There is no “right” or “wrong”“culture fit” while others begin with the coding challenge. Some schools

language to learn!

have only one interview to assess both culture and technical aptitude.
Here’s how to prepare:

FURTHER READING:•

Developing for iOS: Objective-C vs Swift (Webinar)•

Should You Learn .NET?

•

Rails vs. Django: Which Should a Beginner Learn?

•

Ruby vs. Python: Choosing your First Programming Language•

React vs. Angular

Written or Video Application•

Read Quora, the bootcamp’s website, and blogs by its founder,
former students, and alumni.

•

Prior to the application do some self-assessment to determine yourreasons for going to bootcamp. Are you preparing for a new career?
Trying to learn a new skill to get a promotion? Scoping out a newhobby?

•

Set aside at least one hour to answer the questions thoroughly andalso give yourself time to edit answers as needed.

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Top 13 Coding Bootcamp FAQs from Students
Culture Fit Interview

YOUR CODE SCHOOL INTERVIEW, AND OUR ULTIMATE GUIDE TO•

BOOTCAMP PREP PROGRAMSBrush up on some of the online resources you started with, thebootcamp itself and its founders.

•If you’ve built personal projects or worked on something technical atyour current job, be prepared to walk the interviewer through yourportfolio.

PAYING FOR BOOTCAMP TUITION

9. How much should I spend on coding bootcamp tuition?
The average full-time programming bootcamp in the US costs $11,450

Technical Interview + Coding Challenge (optional)

with some bootcamps charging up to $20,000 in tuition. When making adecision, first calculate your Return on Investment (ROI): do your research

Keep in mind that an interview is also an opportunity for you to haveand compare bootcamp tuition costs to the average starting salary of

your questions answered so come in ready to pick the brain of yourpast graduates. Be sure to consider the opportunity cost incurred byinterviewer.

quitting your job, room & board, and any hidden fees from loans. Somebootcamps offer free or discounted housing. The amount of money that

Most of all, don’t freak out! If you’re passionate about getting into

you’re willing to invest should probably correlate strongly with the amountcoding and you study up, you have nothing to worry about. You’re goingof time and energy that you’re willing to put forth. Compare coding

into a bootcamp to learn better skills. They won’t expect you to know

bootcamp tuition costs here.

everything- most importantly, show that you’re receptive to teaching andeager to learn.

10. How do I pay for bootcamp?
Bootcamps are expensive. Because code schools are not degree-granting

Many code schools have placement tests or online pre-workinstitutions, most bootcampers don’t qualify for traditional student loans

assessments that you complete as part of your application. Check out

like Pell Grants. As a result, many students put their tuition on a credit

these tools for further practice:card, borrow money from friends and family, or use savings. As the coding
bootcamp industry has grown, so too has the business of financing them.

•

CodingDojo Algorithm Platform

Most bootcamps offer financing options, payment plans, and loan•

Epicodus Curriculum

partnerships through companies like Ascent Funding (previously•

Tech Elevator Aptitude Test

Skills Fund), Pave, Climb Credit and Affirm, in addition to scholarships
and discounts for women, military veterans, and underrepresented

FURTHER READING: 10 QUESTIONS YOU SHOULD BE ASKING IN
28 | CO D I N G B OOTC AMPS 101|© 2020 COU RSE REPO RT

minorities.

Top 13 Coding Bootcamp FAQs from Students
Other creative ways to pay for your code school tuition:•

Students who are already employed and are attending bootcamp to
gain skills for their current job are often able to work out a deal with
their employer to cover some if not all of the cost of the bootcamp.

JOB PLACEMENT

11. Will I get a job after graduating from a bootcamp?

•

Crowdfunding your coding bootcamp tuition is always worth a try!

•

Certain bootcamps like App Academy and Viking Code School won’t

Network and resources — If you’re attending a bootcamp in hope ofdemand tuition until you’ve been placed in a job.

changing careers, then you should find out what services are offered.

Ask the bootcamp if they offer a partial tuition refund if you accept

Some bootcamps set up prospective interviews with potential employers,a job with one of their hiring partners. Our research finds that 15% ofwhile others offer resume workshops and provide a list of hiring partners.

•

graduates got a tuition refund this way.
••

There are many great scholarship opportunities for coding

Job Placement — Consider a bootcamp’s job placement rate 30, 60, 90

bootcamps based on merit, gender, race, service in the armed forces,

and 120 days after the program. While some schools like App Academy

and financial need. Explore all of these options and don’t leave

SF only require you to pay if you get a job, most bootcamps don’t follow

money on the table that you could’ve been putting towards yourthis model. Some bootcamps provide this information publicly via an

education!

industry organization called CIRR, while others may require some digging

Course Report offers exclusive scholarships and discounts to overon Course Report.

25 bootcamps. Check out this list to see if your dream bootcamp is
on our list!

Before applying to the bootcamp, do your homework:

RESOURCES:•

Read about coding bootcamps and visit their website.

•

If you can’t find a Student Outcomes Report easily, ask the school to•

Ultimate Guide to Coding Bootcamp Loans and Financing•

Bootcamp Scholarships for Women•

Bootcamp Scholarships for Veterans•

Exclusive Course Report Bootcamp Scholarships•

Read bootcamp reviews and interviews with Alumni•

7 Tips to Financially Prepare for a Coding Bootcamp•

Visit the bootcamp space and talk to an instructor if possible•

The Definitive List of Programming Bootcamp Scholarships

29 | CO D I N G B OOTC AMPS 101|© 2020 COU RSE REPO RT

provide one (along with their methodology)•

Read programming bootcamp questions on Quora to read answers
from bootcamps

Top 13 Coding Bootcamp FAQs from Students
12. Where can I go with my bootcamp education?

have been “shut down” by their state’s regulatory agencies, many are

Coding bootcamp graduates go on to do so many cool things. Here are

actively working with those agencies to become accredited. Accreditation

just a few examples:

does not mean that the code school is able to grant degrees. So what
does it mean? Accredited coding bootcamps often have to submit theirGet a job as a junior developer at a large company you’ve always

curricula (and any major curricula changes) for approval, invest in liability

admired.

insurance in case of closure, and publicize their course catalog. Here’s an•

Join a small dev team at a startup.

interesting perspective on accreditation from Bitmaker Labs CEO Craig•

Take an apprenticeship and learn from the masters for a few months

Hunter.

•after graduating.
•Become a technical co-founder and help launch a product.

Coding Bootcamps have caught the attention of many politicians and•Freelance while you travel the world.

government bodies, including the White House Office of the CTO,•Work for another coding bootcamp as an instructor, teaching

President Obama (who launched the TechHire initiative in March 2015),

assistant, or support staff.

and the current administration.

•

Find a job as a technical product manager.

•

Take on new projects at your current company (and get a promotion

In March 2017, CIRR (Council on Integrity in Results Reporting) wasor a raise while you’re at it)!

announced as a group of over 50 bootcamps and member organizations
who have developed a common framework for reporting, documenting,

FURTHER READING: 6 JOBS YOU CAN LAND AFTER A CODING
BOOTCAMP, AND CHECK OUT THE COURSE REPORT BLOG FOR
GREAT ALUMNI STORIES.

and auditing bootcamp student outcomes. This new coalition (which
includes Course Report) is committed to publishing student graduationand job placement data in a single, standardized framework. Learn more
as we break down CIRR here.
FURTHER READING:

13. Are Programming Bootcamps Regulated or Accredited?
Yes and no. Much of the appeal for a bootcamp is the agile curriculum andability to teach the latest technologies. While a few coding bootcamps

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CIRR: JOB PLACEMENT REPORTING FOR BOOTCAMPSAbout Course Report
Course Report is the leading authority on immersive
technology education, having been cited in the New
York Times, the Wall Street Journal, the San Francisco
Chronicle, TechCrunch, GeekWire, EdSurge and more. We
conduct in-depth research on the industry, track trends
in coding education, share student stories, produce amonthly podcast, and host thousands of alumni reviews.
Course Report has everything you need to choose thebootcamp that’s right for you.