YZº » .3 d +/ῌ,0 ,**0 @Japanese Journal of Structural Geology, No. .3, +/ῌ,0, ,**0A./01 MK0/S :  

The design and performance of the solid-medium deformation apparatus MK0/S :Evaluation of the internal friction*ῌ**ῌ !**ῌ"#$%**ῌ&'()**
Ichiko Shimizu*, Katsuyosi Michibayasi**, Yuta Watanabe**,Toshiaki Masuda** and Mineo Kumazawa**
Abstract : The high-pressure (P) and high-temperature (T) deformation apparatus MK
0/S was developed in +30/ at the Nagoya University (now moved to the Shizuoka
University). MK0/S is one of the earliest solid-medium apparatus in the world, whichenable us to deform a sample in very low strain rates (+*1 sec+) at the P-T conditions(over +*** and + GPa) corresponding to the lower crust and the upper mantle. It isequipped with a couple of two concentric opposing pistons plunging into a cylindricalpressure vessel. The couple of outer pistons provides the conﬁning pressure, and thecouple of inner pistons leads to the axial strain to a cylindrical rock sample set at thecenter of the pressure medium. This architecture is similar to the well-known Griggstype apparatus, though Mineo Kumazawa designed this apparatus independently toDavid T. Griggs. The most unique feature of MK0/S is its pressure measurement
system. To measure the axial stress and the conﬁning pressure, pairs of external loadcells are set above and below the sample assembly. We made step tests to evaluate thefriction between the sample-inner piston and the solid pressure medium. By correcting
the e#ects of internal friction, stress-strain curves of serpentine was accurately determined.
Key words : solid-medium apparatus, deformation experiments, di#erential stress, stressstrain curves, internal friction.

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Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University ofTokyo, Tokyo ++-ῌ**--, Japan** µ¶· ±°¸¹Institute of Geoscience, Shizuoka University, Shizuoka .,,ῌ2,/3, Japan)*+,-YZ.[500/ MK0/S 6\]^_#$%67 J " `a0
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#&' % ( Griggs ) *+, - ./012345678! 9Green and Borch, +323 ; Gleason and Tullis,+33- ; Tingle et al., +33-:  MK0/S -6-&%#&"' 838 ;<=>1?1%7
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j T¡¢1 *£¤¥¦* §¨©ª "A ' 0+,k0/lm«¬t/+,n( o ­ ® p + , 9A: 9q r +. ῌ +0 s & Q ) t ¯++.,*.*.1 uv : w°±x: ®p+, 9B: 9qr+0ῌ+1 s& Q)t¯ +0-.*+/* uv : yz²{³:*£qr +0ῌ+1 s&,5+,|´}+,n *A!
'orῐµ~ῌd ῌxrῌ¶· ,**0 ¸/ W+) Griggs ®0 ¹'º,s no. .3 ,1o-3.
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Heard, H., +30-. E#ect of large changes in strain¼ 25 ¼

H5IJKῌjklῌmnopῌ\qrῌ G

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ῌ  ῌ  ῌ  ῌῌ +31+  !"#$%&'() *+ ,* +13ῌ+2..
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 ,**- ,-.-/"012345"67) ῌ 89: ῌ ;<=>? 01234
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ῌH5IJK ,**0 LMNO'G(PQRS"T24UV"WX) YZ0[ no.
.3 /ῌ+..
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\]^ῌ_+`aῌ b  ,**0 cdePQRSfghi"T2) YZ0[ no. .3
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