The 11th APBON Workshop
26-28 June 2019, Double Tree by Hilton KL, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

Introduction to the workshop

Tetsukazu Yahara, Sheila Vergara and Eun-Shik Kim

AP BON: A turning point• A core project S9 sponsored by the Ministry of theEnvironment of Japan (MoEJ) ended in March 2016.
– We need to organize new integrative project(s)• IPBES regional assessment of AP was completed.
– Some major gaps remain > needs of new observations• CBD COP15 (Kunming in 2020) is approaching– We need to assess our achievements for Aichi targets anddevelop new targets• A New GEO Strategic Plan 2016-2025 implemented.
– GEO BON new structure 2016-2019.

• Developing a new AP BON work plan

IPBES AP regional assessment
https://www.ipbes.net/assessment-reports/asia-pacific

IPBES AP regional assessment

IPBES AP regional assessment

IPBES AP regional assessment

Integrative observations and assessments of Asianbiodiversity (sponsored by MoEJ; 2011-2015)
Forest transitions in SE Asia (Imai et al. 2018)
Proximate causes(a) 1980s(b) 1990s(c) 2000s

Underlying drivers(d) 1980s(e) 1990s(f) 2000s

Wood production
Food production
Stimulants production
Major crops production
Road density

Population density% urban population
HDI
Social instability
Agricultural input

Source: FAO statistics

Wood SSR
Initial forest area
-1 -0.5 00.5

-0.5 0 0.5
Pearson’ s R-0.5

00.5 1

Provided by Sheilla Vergara (ACB)Forest loss in Cambodia
Forest Administration
established 32 plots in1998 that have beenmonitored by 2010
(Toyama et al. 2015).

Tree species richness

Dipterocarp forest in 2009

Forests of all 32 plots are logged by 2018

Signboard of forest plot

A new species collected in 2010 is lost.
Undescribed species of Trigonostemon (Euphorbiaceae)

No tree of this undescribed species
rediscovered in the plot KT21-22
after logging.

IPBES AP regional assessment

IPBES AP regional assessment
RL accounts for < 5% of species,
focusing on plants and vertebrates

Among spp. assessed in AP, 21%
are threatened.
A random sample of plants
suggests 16-21 % are threatened.

Plant Diversity Assessments
154 plots at 56 locationsof 10 countries

Surveyed (2011- present)

Brunei Dalussalam (UBD)
Kuala Belalong FSC
Cambodia (FA)Koh Kong, Bokor, Seima, Siem Reap, Kg
Thom, Kg Chhnang
China (Guangxi Univ.)
Jiuwanshan NR
Laos (NUoL)
Nam Kading NPA, Nam Ha NPA, Phou Khao
Khouay NPA, Dong Hua Sao NPA
Vietnam (ITB, Dalat University)
Ba Vi, Fan Si Pan, Vu Quang, Bach Ma,
Ngoc Linh, Bidoup Nui Ba, Hon Ba
Thailand (BKF, KU)
Doi Inthanon, Phu Kradueng, Maeklong,
Kaeng Krachan, Khao Soi Dao, Khao Luang,
Khao Yai
MyanmarChin, Lampi Island, Indawgyi, Tanintharyi
Malaysia (FRIM, RDID, BRC)
Fraser’s Hill, Pasoh, Lambir Hills, Bintulu,Batan Ai
Indoneseia (LIPI, Andalas Univ., HasanudinUniv.)
Gn. Gede Pangrango NP, Gn. Halimun(Java), Bantimulung Bulusarung (Sulawesi),
Gn. Gadut, Pekambaru (Sumatra), Mandor,
Serimbu (W. Kalimantan), Bukit Bangkirai (E.
Kalimantan)
Phillipines (DENR)
BanahaoProportion of new species in Cinnamomum, Lauraceae

Unknown

Known

17%
21%
35%
60%
70%
38%

Indonesia
Malaysia
Thailand
LaosCambodia

MIG-seq tree

Vietnam
051015202530Among 104 species, 31 spp.（30％）are undescribed.

Proportion of new species in Lasianthus, Rubiaceae

Known

Unknown
38%
30%
66%
45%41%
34%
43%

Indonesia
Malaysia
Vietnam
Laos
Cambodia
ThailandMyanmarMIG-seq tree

0102030

4050

60

70

Among 146 species, 77 spp.（53％）are undescribed.

Proportion of new plant species in tropical Asia
NationNational Parks

Spp. Proportion
identified of new spp.
(%)

ProportionSpp.
of new unidentified
records (%)

Cambodia

Bokor

747

24 ( 3.2%)

102 (13.6%)

57

Laos

Nam Kading188

9 ( 4.7%)

34 (18.1%)

351

VietnamBidoup Nui Ba（Langbian)149

34 (22.8%)

1 ( 0.7%)

25Thailand

Khao Yai559

3 ( 0.5%)

1 ( 0.2%)

116

MyanmarTanintharyi270

5 ( 1.8%)

10 ( 3.7%)

153

On average, 3.9 % of plant species are undescribed.
In Bidoup Nui Ba, Vietnam, 22.8 % of spp. are undescribed.
Samples of Malaysia and Indonesia are not yet assessed.

Many new species are threatened
Assessments for IUCN Red List categories
E.g.

IPBES AP regional assessment

IPBES AP regional assessment

Comparative study on issues of Marine Protected Area
Yamakita and Sudo et al. EBSAs in East and South East Asia (Marine Policy 2017 )Contribution to marine science and policy making on sustainable use

Research Subjects fro Marine Ecosystem and Community

Aichi Targets achievements
AICHI TARGET 9

Provided by Sheilla Vergara (ACB)Aichi Targets achievements
AICHI TARGET 11

Source:IUCN and UNEP-WCMC (2019), The World Database on Protected Areas (WDPA) [On-line], [April 2019]. Cambridge, UK: UNEPWCMC. Available at: www.protectedplanet.net.

Provided by Sheilla Vergara (ACB)BON in “master sites”
Synonyms: “top sites”, “super sites”, “LTER hubs”, “sentinel sites” etc.
JapanKorea
China
TaiwanVietnam
Laos
Cambodia
ThailandMyanmar
Malaysia
BruneiSingapore
Indonesia
Phillipines

UNESCO BR
YakushimaJeju Island
Xishuangbanna
LangbianTonle Sap
Mae Sa-Kog Ma
Inlay Lake
Crocker Range

CibodasPallawan

Forest GEO

Xishuangbanna
Lienhuachih
BidoupDoi Inthanon
Pasoh, Lambir
Kuala Belalong
Bukit Timah
PalananVegetation damaged by deer browsing in Jeju Island

http://www.ajudaily.com/vi
ew/20160622082009279

AP BON: key questions• How can we contribute to CBD COP 15?
• What are publications/deliberables we canmake by 2020?
• How can we contribute to AOGEO?
• What are major gaps to be bridged in future?