2011 W I N T E R

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Ϥ⅙‒‒ӭ䉅䈱䈨䈒䉍ၮ␆⻠ᐳ╙㪉㪇࿁ᛛⴚ䉶䊚䊅䊷䉪䊥䉣䉟䉲䊢䊮䊶䉮䉝᧲ᄢ㒋ᄢ㒋ᐭ᧲ᄢ㒋Ꮢᄢ㒋ᐭ┙ᄢቇਛ⊖⥠㠽䉨䊞䊮䊌䉴ᄢ㒋ᐭ႓Ꮢਛ඙᧲ർᄢቇ㩷ᐔ䉨䊞䊮䊌䉴ችၔ⋵઄บᏒ㕍⪲඙㩷઄บᏒᄥ⊕඙⨃ᐸ䇭็䈐ਅ䉐䈜㘑䈱಄䈢䈘䈏り䈮䈚䉂䉎ቄ▵䈫䈭䈦䈩䉁䈇䉍䉁䈚䈢䈏䇮⊝᭽䇮䈇䈎䈏䈍ㆊ䈗䈚䈪䈚䉊䈉䈎䋿䇭⑳䈬䉅ᄢ㒋䉶䊮䉺䊷䈱ᢎ⡯ຬ৻ห䇮䈖䈱౻䈱෩䈚䈘䈮⽶䈔䈝䈮ᣣ䇱ర᳇䈪⎇ⓥ䊶ᢎ⢒ᵴേ䈮ㆳㅴ䈚䈩䈇䈒ᚲሽ䈪䈜䈱䈪䇮䈬䈉䈎䉋䉐䈚䈒䈍㗿䈇⥌䈚䉁䈜䇯䇭䈖䈱ቄ▵䈱⒖䉍ᄌ䉒䉍䈲ᄥ㓁䉕࿁䉎࿾⃿䈱࿾ゲ䈏౏ォ㕙䈎䉌⚂㪉㪊ᐲ௑䈇䈩䈇䉎䈖䈫䈮⿠࿃䈚䉁䈜䇯৻ᣇ䇮࿾⃿⴫㕙䈏േᬀ‛䈮ㆡ䈚䈢᷷ᐲ䈮଻䈢䉏䈩䈇䉎䈱䈲࿾⴫䈱㪎ഀ䉕භ䉄䉎ᶏ䈫䇮䊔䊷䊦䈱䉋䈉䈮࿾⃿䉕ⷒ䈉ᄢ᳇䈏䈅䉎䈎䉌䈪䈜䇯䈠䈱ᶏ䈏⺀↢䈚䈢䈱䈲㪋㪇ంᐕ೨䇮䈠䈚䈩ᬀ‛䈱ሽ࿷䈮䉋䉍㉄⚛䈏Ⴧ䈋䉥䉹䊮ጀ䈏䈪䈐䇮㪌ంᐕ೨䈮䈲࿾਄䈮↢‛䈏᥵䉌䈞䉎䉋䈉䈮䈭䉍䉁䈚䈢䇯䈚䈎䈚䇮㪮㪟㪦䋨਎⇇᳇⽎ᯏ㑐䋩䈱ႎ๔䈪䈲㪉㪇㪇㪐ᐕ䈱ੑ㉄ൻ὇⚛䉇䊜䉺䊮䈭䈬䈱᷷ቶലᨐ䉧䉴Ớᐲ䈲ㆊ෰ᦨ㜞䈱୯䉕⸥㍳䈚䈩䈇䉁䈜䇯䈖䉏䈫ਗⴕ䈚䈩਎⇇䈱ੱญ䉅䉅䈉䈜䈓㪎㪇ంੱ䈮䈭䉐䈉䈫䈚䈩䈇䉁䈜䇯䇭ੱ㘃䈱ᱧผ䉕ᝄ䉍㄰䉎䈫䇮䈖䈱ੱญჇട䈲⑼ቇ䈱ㅴᱠ䈫␠ળ䈱࿷䉍ᣇ䈮ኒធ䈮㑐ㅪ䈚䈢⃻⽎䈪䈅䉎䈖䈫䈏䉒䈎䉍䉁䈜䇯䈢䈫䈋䈳ਛ਎䊣䊷䊨䉾䊌䈪䈲㋕⵾᦭ベ䈜䈐䈱᥉෸䈮䉋䉍ㄘᬺ↢↥䈲㘧べ⊛䈮਄᣹䈚䇮Ⴧ䈋䈢ੱญ䈱ฃ䈔⋁䈫䈚䈩䈱ㇺᏒ䈱⊒ዷ䉕ଦ䈚䉁䈚䈢䇯䉁䈢↥ᬺ㕟๮䈲⫳᳇ᯏ㑐䈱ታ↪ൻ䈭䈬⑼ቇᛛⴚ䈱ㅴᱠ䈫䇮࿐䈇ㄟ䉂䈮䉋䈦䈩ㄘ᧛䈎䉌ㇺળ䈮ᵹ䉏䈢⼾ን䈭ഭ௛ജ䈫䈏䊙䉾䉼䈜䉎䈖䈫䈪䇮ᕆㅦ䈭ዷ㐿䉕⷗䈞䉁䈚䈢䇯䈠䈚䈩Ꮏᬺ䈱⊒ዷ䈏䈘䉌䈭䉎කቇ䉇‛ℂ䊶ൻቇ䈭䈬䈱ㅴᱠ䉕ଦ䈚䇮䉁䈢㪈㪏㪌㪐ᐕ䈮☨࿖䈱䊕䊮䉲䊦䊔䊆䉝䈪ᦨೋ䈮⊒⷗䈘䉏䈢䈫䈘䉏䉎⍹ᴤ䇮䈠䈚䈩㔚ജ䈱⊓႐䈮䉋䉍䇮㪉㪇਎♿䈮䈲⑼ቇᛛⴚ䈲ਁ⢻䈪䈅䉎䈫䈱␹⹤䉁䈪↢䉁䉏䈢䈱䈪䈜䇯䇭ᨐ䈢䈚䈩䈖䈱⊒ዷ䈲䈇䈧䉁䈪䉅⛯䈒䈱䈪䈚䉊䈉䈎䇯࿖ㅪ䈱੍ᗐ䈪䈲㩷㪉㪇㪌㪇ᐕ䈮䈲࿾⃿਄䈪㪐㪈ం䉅䈱ੱ䇱䈏↢ᵴ䉕༡䉃䈫䈘䉏䈩䈇䉁䈜䇯䉅䈚䇮⑼ቇ䈏ੱ㘃䈱䈢䉄䈱䉅䈱䈪䈅䉎䈭䉌䈳䇮⑳䈢䈤䈲䈠䈱ജ䈮䉋䈦䈩࿾⃿䈫౒ሽ䈜䉎㆏䉕⷗䈧䈔䈭䈒䈩䈲䈭䉍䉁䈞䉖䇯䇭⊕㌁䈱᮸᳖䈮൮䉁䉏䈢ᧁ䇱䈲䇮੹䇮ᚒ䇱䈮䈬䈱䉋䈉䈭䊜䉾䉶䊷䉳䉕ᛩ䈕䈎䈔䈩䈇䉎䈱䈪䈚䉊䈉䈎䇯ᣣᧄ䈲䈠䈱࿖࿯䈱㪍㪍㩼䉕᫪ᨋ䈮ⷒ䉒䉏䈩䈍䉍䇮਎⇇䈪䉅䊐䉞䊮䊤䊮䊄䈫ਗ䈹᦭ᢙ䈱᫪ᨋ଻᦭࿖䈪䈜䇯䈠䈱⁜䈇࿖࿯䈪᥵䉌䈜ᚒ䇱ᣣᧄੱ䈲䉅䈫䉅䈫⥄ὼ䈫౒ሽ౒ᩕ䈜䉎䈜䈼䉕⍮䈦䈩䈇䉎䈲䈝䈪䈜䇯੹䇮ᄢ㒋䉶䊮䉺䊷䈱ᵴേ䈏↥ቭቇቇㅪ៤䈱ᵹ䉏䈱ਛ䈪䇮ੱ㘃䈮䇮䈠䈚䈩࿾⃿䈮ఝ䈚䈇⑼ቇᛛⴚ䉕᭴▽䈚䈩䈇䈒৻ഥ䈫䈭䉏䈳䈖䉏䈮䉁䈘䉎༑䈶䈲䈅䉍䉁䈞䉖䇯இᡈƷᄂᆮѣӼࣖဇဃ˳ȷೞᏡ஬૰Ў᣼ɶ࠯૞૙੉

Normalized Intensity/a.u.

Intensity/a.u.

䇭ෳ⠨ᢥ₂䈮␜䈜䉋䈉䈮Ca/PᲧ䉕1.5䇮1.6䇮1.67䈮⺞ᢛ䈚䈩䇮䈘䉌䈮ZnCl2䉕䇭ᚒ䇱䈲⃻࿷䇮✚ੱญ䈱20%એ਄䈏65ᱦએ਄䈫䈇䈉䇸⿥㜞㦂ൻ␠ળ䇹䈮↢ᵴ䈚䈩䈇䉁䈜䇯䇸㜞㦂ൻ␠ળ䇹䈏೔᧪䈜䉎䈫䇮଻㒾ᢱ䉇␠ળ଻㓚㊄䈱Ⴧᄢ
0.5䌾 2mol%䈠䉏䈡䉏ᷝട䈚䈩䇮ฦ⒳䈱Ḩᑼวᚑ䊒䊨䉶䉴䈮䈩⹜ᢱ䈱วᚑ䉕ⴕ䈦䈢䈫䈖䉐䇮Ca/P䋽1.5䈍䉋䈶Ca/P䋽1.6䈱600͠䈪ᾲಣℂ䈚䈢⹜ᢱ䋨଀䈋䈳䇮ᐔᚑ20ᐕ䈱ක≮䇮ᐕ㊄䇮⑔␩㑐ଥ䈮ଥ䉎␠ળ଻㓚⛎ઃ㊄䈲✚䈲䇮࿑2䈮␜䈜䉋䈉䈮䈜䈼䈩䈱Znᷝട᧚ᢱ䈮䈍䈇䈩䊊䉟䊄䊨䉨䉲䉝䊌䉺䉟
㗵94ళ⒟ᐲ䋩䈮ട䈋䇮䈘䉌䈮⧯ᐕጀ䈱ᷫዋ䈮઻䈉ഭ௛ജૐਅ䈫䈇䈉໧㗴䉅㗼࿷ൻ䈚䈧䈧䈅䉍䉁䈜䇯䈚䈎䈚䇮䈖䈱䉋䈉䈭⿥㜞㦂ൻ␠ળ䈱೔᧪䈲䇮ᧄ᧪䇮䊃න৻⋧䈪䈅䉎䈖䈫䈏⏕⹺䈘䉏䇮䊊䉟䊄䊨䉨䉲䉝䊌䉺䉟䊃න⋧䈱↢ᚑ䉕⏕ੱ㘃䈱㐳ᐕ䈱ᄞ䉕ታ⃻㆐ᚑ䈚䈢⚿ᨐ䈪䉅䈅䉍䇮ᦸ䉁䈚䈇䉅䈱䈪䈜䇯䈚䈎䈚䇮⹺䈪䈐䉁䈚䈢䇯䈚䈎䈚䇮Ca/P䈏1.67䈱⹜ᢱ䈮䈍䈇䈩䈲䇮Znᷝട㊂䈱Ⴧട䈮ᕋᚒ䉇∛᳇䈭䈬䈪ਇଢ䈭↢ᵴ䉕ㅍ䉎䈫∩ᗵ䈜䉎䉋䈉䈮䇮⿥㜞㦂ൻ␠ળ䉕䈫䉅䈭䈦䈩䊊䉟䊄䊨䉨䉲䉝䊌䉺䉟䊃䈱䊏䊷䉪䈲ᷫዋ䈚䇮ᣂ䈢䈮β-TCP䋨βဳ䊥䊮㉄ਃ䉦䊦䉲䉡䊛䋩䈱䊏䊷䉪䈏⏕⹺䈘䉏䇮䈖䈱䉋䈉䈮Ca/P䈏1.67䈱⹜ᢱ䈪᦭ᗧ⟵䈮ㆊ䈗䈜䈢䉄䈮䈲䇮↢ᵴ䈱⾰䋨QOL: quality of life䋩䉕ᭂജૐਅ䈘䈞䉎䈖䈫ή䈒䇮ஜో䈪቟ᔃ䊶቟ో䈭␠ળ↢ᵴ䉕⛽ᜬ䈜䉎䈖䈫䈏᳞䉄䉌䉏䉁
䈲Znᷝട䈮䉋䉍β-TCP䈻䈱⋧ォ⒖䈏ଦㅴ䈘䉏䉎䈖䈫䈏᣿䉌䈎䈮䈭䉍䉁䈚䈜䇯䈘䉌䈮ක≮⃻႐䈮䈍䈇䈩䈲䇮ක≮⾌㜞㛛䉕ᭂജᛥ೙䈜䉎䈢䉄䈮䈅䉌䉉䈢䇯XRD䈍䉋䈶TEMⷰኤ⚿ᨐ䈎䉌䇮Znᷝട㊂䈏Ⴧട䈜䉎䈮䈧䉏䈩䊊䉟䊄䉎㕙䈪ૐ䉮䉴䊃䈱ක≮䈏ᒝ䈒᳞䉄䉌䉏䇮䉁䈢䇮ᖚ⠪䈮ኻ䈚䈩䈲⡺૕⊛䊶♖␹䊨䉨䉲䉝䊌䉺䉟䊃䈱⚿᥏ᕈ䉕ૐਅ䈘䈞䉎䈖䈫䈏ಽ䈎䉍䉁䈚䈢䇯1mol%Znᷝ⊛⧰∩䉕ૐᷫ䈜䉎ૐଚⷅක≮䈏ᒝ䈒᳞䉄䉌䉏䈩䈇䉁䈜䇯䈖䈱䉋䈉䈭䈘䉁䈙ട⹜ᢱ䋨Ca/P=1.5䋩䈱Ca-KᲖ䈱XANES䉕࿑3䈮␜䈚䉁䈜䇯Zn䈱XANES᷹䉁䈭␠ળ⊛ක≮䊆䊷䉵䈲䇮ᣣᧄ䈱䉂䈭䉌䈝䇮਎⇇⊛䈭௑ะ䈪䈜䈏䇮⿥㜞ቯ䈫䈱⚿ᨐ䈎䉌⋧⵬⊛䈮⠨䈋䇮Zn࿕ṁ䈮䉋䉍䉣䊈䊦䉩䊷૏⟎䈱⧯ᐓ䈱䉲㦂ൻ␠ળ䈱䊝䊂䊦࿖䈫䈚䈩䇮ᣣᧄ䈲਎⇇䈎䉌ᵈ⋡䉕㓸䉄䇮ᜬ⛯⊛䈭ஜో䊐䊃䈫ๆ෼┵ઃㄭ䈪䈱䊑䊨䊷䊄䊆䊮䉫䈏⹺䉄䉌䉏䇮ൻቇ⚿ว⁁ᘒ䈱㆑䈇䈏⏕⹺䈘䉏䇮⹦⚦䈭⸃ᨆ䈎䉌䇮Ca䈱㸈䉰䉟䊃䈮Zn䈏⟎឵䈚䈩䈇䉎䈖䈫䈏ታ䈭␠ળ䉲䉴䊁䊛䉕䈬䈱䉋䈉䈮᭴▽䈜䉎䈱䈎䈏໧䉒䉏䈩䈇䉁䈜䇯䇭䈖䈱䉋䈉䈭⢛᥊䈱ਅ䇮㜞ᕈ⢻䊋䉟䉥䊙䊁䊥䉝䊦䈱㐿⊒䈮㑐䈜䉎ᦼᓙ䈲㛎䈫╙৻ේℂ⸘▚䈎䉌᣿䉌䈎䈮䈭䉍䉁䈚䈢䇯ᣣ䇱Ⴧᄢ䈚䈩䈍䉍䇮䇸QOL⛽ᜬ䇹䇮䇸ૐଚⷅක≮ታ⃻䇹䇮䇸ක≮⾌೥ᷫ䇹䈮㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷䇭Znએᄖ䈮䉅䇮⴫2䈮␜䈜ฦ䉟䉥䊮䉕࿕ṁ䈚䈢䊊䉟䊄䊨䉨䉲䉝䊌䉺䉟䊃න৻ะ䈔䈩䇮੹ᓟ䈫䉅䊋䉟䉥䊙䊁䊥䉝䊦䈱ᨐ䈢䈜䈼䈐ᓎഀ䈲ᄢ䈐䈇䉅䈱䈫䈭䈦⋧䈱วᚑ䉕ㅴ䉄䈩䈇䉁䈜䇯න৻⋧䈏ᓧ䉌䉏䉏䈳䇮䈠䈱᭴ㅧ⸃᣿䋨․䈮࿕ṁ䉰䉟䊃䋩䉕⋡ᜰ䈚䈩䇮SPring-8䉇KEK䇮UVSOR䈭䈬䈱᡼኿శᣉ⸳䈪䈱䈩䈇䉁䈜䇯ᧄ⸥੐䈪ਛᔃ䈫䈭䉎䊊䉟䊄䊨䉨䉲䉝䊌䉺䉟䊃䋨HAp䋩䈲䇮㛽䉇ᱤ䈱
XAFS᷹ቯ䉕ㅴ䉄䇮ᰴ䈇䈪․ᕈ⹏ଔ䈮䈧䈭䈕䈩䇮⚦⢩⹜㛎䉇ၒ౉⹜㛎䈭ਥᚑಽ䈪䈅䉍䇮৻⥸䈮䉅⍮䉌䉏䈩䈇䉎‛⾰䋨Ca10 (PO4) 6 (OH) 2 : ࿑1䋩䈪䈅䈬䈻䈫⎇ⓥ䉕⃻࿷ㅴ䉄䈩䈇䉁䈜䇯䉍䇮䊥䊮㉄䉦䊦䉲䉡䊛䊐䉜䊚䊥䋨⴫1䋩䈱৻䈧䈪䈜䇯䈖䈱᳓㉄䉝䊌䉺䉟䊃䈲ఝ䉏䈢↢૕ⷫ๺ᕈ䇮㜞䈇↢૕ᵴᕈ䉕ᜬ䈤䇮૬䈞䈩㜞䈇䉟䉥䊮੤឵⢻䉕᦭䈚䇮䉁䇭⃻࿷䇮ᚒ䇱䈲䉝䊌䉺䉟䊃᧚ᢱએᄖ䈮䉅XAFS䈭䈬䈱ᚻᴺ䉕↪䈇䈩䇮䊅䊉䈢䇮䉝䊚䊉㉄䉇䉺䊮䊌䉪䈫䈱㜞䈇ㆬᛯ⊛䊶ⷫ๺ᕈ䉕ᜬ䈧䈫䈇䈉䊡䊆䊷䉪䈭‛䉼䊠䊷䊑䉇䊅䊉䉶䊤䊚䉾䉪䉴䈱ዪᚲ᭴ㅧ⸃᣿䉕ㅴ䉄䈩䈍䉍䇮21਎♿䈱␠ળ⾰䈪䈜䇯䈠䈱䈢䉄䈖䉏䉌䈱ఝ䉏䈢ฦ⒳䈱․ᕈ䉕ᵴ䈎䈚䈩䇮ක≮↪䉟䊮䊒䊤䈮ታ↪⊛䈮䉅⽸₂䈪䈐䉎䊙䊁䊥䉝䊦㐿⊒䉕ㅴ䉄䈩䈇䉁䈜䇯䊮䊃䊙䊁䊥䉝䊦䉇㛽లႯ䊙䊁䊥䉝䊦䈭䈬䈫䈚䈩೑↪䈘䉏䇮䈘䉌䈮䇮㜞䈇ๆ⌕
HAp Ǫ-TCP⢻䉇䉟䉥䊮੤឵⢻䉕೑↪䈚䈩ๆ⌕೷䈅䉎䈇䈲⸅ᇦ䈭䈬䈫䈚䈩䉅᭽䇱䈭ಽCa/P=1.5
Ca/P=1.6
Ca/P=1.67㊁䈪ᔕ↪䈏ᬌ⸛䈘䉏䈩䈇䉁䈜䇯
2mol%
䇭․䈮䇮⃻࿷䇮ක≮↪䉟䊮䊒䊤䊮䊃䊙䊁䊥䉝䊦䉇㛽లႯ䊙䊁䊥䉝䊦䈱䈢䉄䈱㜞ᕈ⢻䈭䊙䊁䊥䉝䊦㐿⊒䈏᳞䉄䉌䉏䈩䈍䉍䇮䊊䉟䊄䊨䉨䉲䉝䊌䉺䉟䊃䉕฽䉄
1mol%䈢ฦ⒳䊥䊮㉄䉦䊦䉲䉡䊛䈱ᦝ䈭䉎․ᕈᡷༀ䈏ᔅⷐ䈪䈜䇯଀䈋䈳䇮↢૕㛽䈱ήᯏᚑಽ䋨හ䈤䇮䊊䉟䊄䊨䉨䉲䉝䊌䉺䉟䊃䋩䈲䇮䊋䉟䉥䊚䊈䊤䊥䉷䊷䉲䊢䊮䊒
0.5mol%䊨䉶䉴ਅ䋨ቶ᷷䈪Ᏹ࿶䇮ૐ䉣䊈䊦䉩䊷⁁ᴫ䋩䈮䈩↢ᚑ䈚⚿᥏ᚑ㐳䈚䉁䈜䈏䇮䈠䈱᭴ㅧ䈲ૐ⚿᥏䋨ೋᦼ䈲䉝䊝䊦䊐䉜䉴⁁䋩䈪䈅䉎䈱䈮ኻ䈚䇮ൻቇ⊛䈅䉎䈇䈲ᾲಣℂ䈭䈬䈱ੱᎿ⊛䈭ᚻᴺ䈪ᓧ䉌䉏䉎䊊䉟䊄䊨䉨䉲䉝䊌䉺䉟䊃䈲᳓⚛↢ᚑ⸅ᇦ⢻ 0mol%⚿᥏ᕈ䈱㜞䈇䉅䈱䈚䈎ᓧ䉌䉏䉁䈞䉖䇯䈘䉌䈮䇮↢૕㛽䈲ᄙ᭽䈭↢૕ᔅ㗇
3040
20
30
40
2030
40
ᓸ㊂ᚑಽ╬䋨䊅䊉ᯏ⢻ᓸ㊂ర⚛䋩䈏㛽ਛ䈱䊊䉟䊄䊨䉨䉲䉝䊌䉺䉟䊃᭴ㅧౝ
2㱔/degree䈮฽᦭䈘䉏䇮䈠䉏䉌᭴ㅧ䈮䉋䈦䈩㜞䈇㛽ᒻᚑ⢻䇮㛽ๆ෼⢻䇮䉟䉥䊮੤឵⢻࿑ 2 䊊䉟䊄䊨䉨䉲䉝䊌䉺䉟䊃䈱 XRD䈭䈬䈱⻉ᯏ⢻䈏ታ⃻䈘䉏䈩䈇䉁䈜䇯
Ca-XANES䇭䈠䈖䈪䇮ᚒ䇱䈲㛽↢ᚑ䈮䈍䈇䈩ਇนᰳ䈭ర⚛䈫䈘䉏䉎Zn䉇Si䇮䈘䉌䈮䈲
Mg䉇Fe䈭䈬䈱䉦䉼䉥䊮䉕ᷝട䈚฽᦭䈜䉎䊊䉟䊄䊨䉨䉲䉝䊌䉺䉟䊃䈱วᚑ⎇⴫ 1 ฦ⒳䊥䊮㉄䉦䊦䉲䉡䊛Zn-HAp 1mol%ⓥ䉕චᐕ᧪䇮ㅴ䉄䈩䈇䉁䈜䇯଀䈋䈳䇮Zn䈲↢૕㛽䈮䈍䈇䈩䇮㛽⧘⚦⢩䉕ᵴ⇛ภൻቇᑼᕈൻ䈚䇮⎕㛽⚦⢩䉕ᛥ೙䈜䉎ᕈ⾰䉕ᜬ䈤䉁䈜䇯䈠䈱䈢䉄䇮Znᷝട䈮䉋䉍䊊
㧔OHCa10㧔PO4㧕
HAp62㧕䉟䊄䊨䉨䉲䉝䊌䉺䉟䊃䈮㛽ౣ↢䉕ଦㅴ䈜䉎ᯏ⢻䉕ઃട䈜䉎䈖䈫䈏䈪䈐䉎䈫⠨Ca㧔POTCP34㧕2䈋䉌䉏䇮․䈮ᵈ⋡䈘䉏䈩䈇䉁䈜䇯䈖䈱Znᷝട䊊䉟䊄䊨䉨䉲䉝䊌䉺䉟䊃䉕↢૕
CaHPO4࡮H2O
DCPD᧚ᢱ䈫䈚䈩ᔕ↪䈜䉎䈢䉄䈮䈲䇮䊥䊮㉄੝㋦䈭䈬䈱⇣⋧䈏↢ᚑ䈚䈭䈇䊊䉟䊄
HApCa8H㧔POOCP
24㧕
6࡮5H2O䊨䉨䉲䉝䊌䉺䉟䊃䈱න৻⋧䈱วᚑ䈫䈠䈱․ᕈ⹏ଔ䈏ᦸ䉁䈚䈇䈱䈪䈜䈏䇮න
Ca㧔POACP34㧕
2࡮nH2O㧔HPO4㧕2X
㧔PO4㧕6-2X㧔OH㧕2
Ca-def HAp Ca10-X৻⋧䈱วᚑ䈲࿎㔍䈪䈚䈢䇯ᚒ䇱䈲䇮Zn䉕฽᦭䈚䈢䊊䉟䊄䊨䉨䉲䉝䊌䉺䉟䊃න৻⋧䈱วᚑ䉕⋡ᜰ䈚䈩䇮Ḩᑼวᚑ䊒䊨䉶䉴䈮䈩ฦ⒳䈱วᚑ᧦ઙ䇮଀䈋
4040
4060
4080
䈳䇮Ca/PᲧ䇮Znᷝട㊂䇮ᾲಣℂ᷷ᐲ䈏↢ᚑ‛䈱ᓸ⚦᭴ㅧ䈭䉌䈶䈮ᓸ⚦⚵Energy/eV❱䈮෸䈿䈜ᓇ㗀䈮䈧䈇䈩ᬌ⸛䈚䇮Zn࿕ṁ䊊䉟䊄䊨䉨䉲䉝䊌䉺䉟䊃䈱วᚑ䈮
࿑ 3 䊊䉟䊄䊨䉨䉲䉝䊌䉺䉟䊃䈱 XANESᚑഞ䈚䉁䈚䈢䇯╙ੑ⋧䉇ਇ⚐‛⋧䉕฽䉁䈭䈇Zn࿕ṁ䊊䉟䊄䊨䉨䉲䉝䊌䉺䉟䊃䈱න৻⋧䈱วᚑ䈫⹏ଔ䈲੹ᓟ䈱᧚ᢱ㐿⊒䈮ะ䈔ᭂ䉄䈩㊀ⷐ䈪䇮ૐଚⷅ⴫ 2 䊊䉟䊄䊨䉨䉲䉝䊌䉺䉟䊃䈻䈱ฦ⒳䉟䉥䊮䈱࿕ṁක≮䉇ක≮䉮䉴䊃೥ᷫ䈱䈢䉄䈮䉅⽸₂䈪䈐䉁䈜䇯ࠕࡄ࠲ࠗ࠻Ca10(PO4)6OH2

࿑ 1 䊊䉟䊄䊨䉨䉲䉝䊌䉺䉟䊃䈱᭴ㅧ

0GYU.GVVGT9KPVGT8QN

0.60

0.72

0.78

0.83

0.90 0.95 1.00 1.02 1.18 1.35Έ

Zn2㧗

Mg2㧗

Fe2㧗

Mn2+

Y3+Cd2+ Ca2+ Na+ Sr2+ Ba2+ෳ⠨㑐ㅪᢥ₂[1] Nakahira A, et al, Chemistry Letters,(2006), 35: 856-857.
[2] Nakahira A, et al, J. Ion Exchange, (2007), 4: 306-309.
[3] Nakahira A, et al, Materials Transactions,(2009), 50: 1046-1049.
[4] Nakahira A, et al, Phosphorus Research Bulletin,(2009), 23: 20-24.
[5] Nakahira A, et al, Acta Biomateriali, (2010), 6: 2289-2293.
[6] Nakahira A, et al, J. Physics Condensed Matter,(2010), 22: 384213.
[7] Nakahira A, et al, Tissue Engineering - Part A,(2010), 16: 2467-2473.

இᡈƷᄂᆮѣӼࣖဇನᡯ஬૰Ў᣼ ӞҾࣙ૙੉ȷܷஜԍᢹя૙䋨䊐䉢䊤䉟䊃䋫䉶䊜䊮䉺䉟䊃䋩 ੑ⋧⚵❱䈱᷷㑆ടᎿ䈮䉋䉎⚿᥏☸ᓸ⚦ൻ
1. ⢛᥊䇭⚿᥏☸ᓸ⚦ൻ䈲᭴ㅧ↪㊄ዻ᧚ᢱ䈱ᒝᐲ䉇ᑧ㕤ᕈ䈱ะ਄䈮㊀ⷐ䈪䈅䉎䇯㋕㍑䈱䊐䉢䊤䉟䊃න⋧⚵❱䉕⿥ᓸ⚦☸ൻ䈜䉎䈫ᒝ㕢ᕈ䈲ะ਄䈜䉎෻㕙䇮ടᎿ⎬ൻ䈱ᷫዋ䈮䈫䉅䈭䈉ᑧᕈૐਅ䈏໧㗴䈫䈭䉎䇯䈖䈱䈢䉄䇮䊐䉢䊤䉟䊃ਛ䈮⎬⾰╙ੑ⋧䋨଀䋺䉶䊜䊮䉺䉟䊃䋩䉕ᓸ⚦䈮ಽᢔ䈘䈞䈩ടᎿ⎬ൻ䉕ᄢ䈐䈒䈚䇮ᑧᕈ䉕ᡷༀ䈜䉎䈖䈫䈏ᵈ⋡䈘䉏䈩䈇䉎䇯䉶䊜䊮䉺䉟䊃ಽ₸䈏ᄢ䈐䈇㜞὇⚛㍑䈮⒳䇱䈱ടᎿᾲಣℂ䉕ᣉ䈜䈫䇮䊐䉢䊤䉟䊃☸ᓘ䈏0.5μmએਅ䈱⿥ᓸ⚦ੑ⋧⚵❱䈏ᓧ䉌䉏䇮ఝ䉏䈢ቶ᷷ᒝᐲ―ᑧᕈ䊋䊤䊮䉴䉇⿥႟ᕈ․ᕈ䉕␜䈜[1]䇯ᦨ䉅න⚐䈭䊒䊨䉶䉴䈲౒ᨆ᷷ᐲએਅ䈪䈱᷷㑆ᄌᒻ䈪䈅䉎䈏䇮ㅢᏱ䈱ᒝ᷷㑆࿶ᑧ䋨଀䈋䈳80~90%࿶ᑧ䋩䉕ⴕ䈦䈩䉅േ⊛࿁ᓳ䈏⿠䈖䉎䈣䈔䈪ౣ⚿᥏䈲䈚䈭䈇䇯േ⊛ౣ⚿᥏䈱⊒⃻䈍䉋䈶ቢੌ䈮䈲䈅䉎⥃⇇㊂એ਄䈱ടᎿᱡ䉂䈱ઃਈ䈏ᔅⷐ䈪䈅䉍䇮․䈮⚿᥏☸䈱ᓸ⚦ൻ䈮ലᨐ⊛䈭ૐ᷷䊶㜞ᱡ䉂ㅦᐲ䋨㜞Z᧦ઙ䋩䈪䈱ᄌᒻਅ䈪䈲ᔅⷐ䈭⥃⇇ᱡ䉂䈏ᄢ䈐䈒䈭䉎䇯ૐ὇⚛㍑䈪☸ᓘ1μm䈱⿥ᓸ⚦䊐䉢䊤䉟䊃⚵❱䉕ᓧ䉎䈢䉄䈮䈲䇮⌀ᱡ
䉂䈪3䌾4䈫䈇䈉ᄢᱡ䉂ടᎿ䉕ᔅⷐ䈫䈜䉎[2]䈏䇮䈖䈱䉋䈉䈭ടᎿ䈱ታ↪⊛⵾ㅧ䊒䊨䉶䉴䈻䈱ㆡ↪䈲࿎㔍䈪䈅䉍䇮േ⊛ౣ⚿᥏䈱ᔕ↪᜛ᄢ䉕࿑䉎䈮䈲䉋䉍ૐᱡ䉂䈪ౣ⚿᥏䈱⊒⃻䊶ቢੌ䈘䈞䉎Ꮏᄦ䈏ᔅ㗇䈪䈅䉎䇯䇭ౣ⚿᥏䈲ਇဋ৻ᄌᒻ䈏⿠䈖䉎䈫ౣ⚿᥏䈏ଦㅴ䈘䉏䉎䇯࿑1は、㊄ዻ䈱႟ᕈᄌᒻ䈮䈍䈔䉎⚿᥏☸⇇䈫⎬⾰╙ੑ⋧☸ሶ䈱ᓇ㗀䉕␜䈚䈩䈇䉎䇯☸
⇇ઃㄭ䈪䈲⚿᥏☸䈱ᄌᒻ䈏᜔᧤䈘䉏૛ಽ䈭ᄌᒻ䈏☸⇇ㄭற䈮ዉ౉䈘䉏䉎䇯⎬⾰☸ሶ䈲ᄌᒻ䈚䈭䈇䈢䉄๟࿐䈱Უ⋧䈏૛ಽ䈮ᄌᒻ䈜䉎䇯䈖䈱䉋䈉䈭ਇဋ৻ᄌᒻ䈱ଦㅴ䈲േ⊛ౣ⚿᥏䈱⥃⇇ᱡ䉂䈱ૐᷫ䈮䈧䈭䈏䉎น⢻ᕈ䈏䈅䉎䇯ᚒ䇱䈲䇮䈖䈖ᢙᐕ䋨䊐䉢䊤䉟䊃䋫䉶䊜䊮䉺䉟䊃䋩ੑ⋧⚵❱䈱ടᎿᾲಣℂ䈮䉋䉎⿥ᓸ⚦☸⚵❱ഃ⵾䉕⋡⊛䈫䈚䈩ೋᦼ⚵❱೙ᓮ䈮䉋䉎േ⊛ౣ⚿᥏䈱ଦㅴ䈱⎇ⓥ[1,3]䉕ⴕ䈦䈩䈐䈢䇯䈖䈖䈪䈲䇮䈠䈱ౝኈ䈮䈧䈇䈩⚫੺䈜䉎䇯࿑ 㪈 䋺 㩿㪸㪀 ☸⇇ઃㄭ䈱ᄌᒻ䈱᜔᧤䈍䉋䈶䇮 㩿㪹㪀 ⎬⾰╙ੑ⋧䈱ሽ࿷䈮䉋䉎ਇဋ৻ᄌᒻ䈱ዉ౉

2. 䊐䉢䊤䉟䊃䈱േ⊛ౣ⚿᥏䈮䈍䉋䈿䈜╙ੑ⋧☸ሶ䈱ᒻ⁁䈱ᓇ㗀䇭㜞὇⚛㍑䈪䈲䇮⎬⾰╙ੑ⋧䈪䈅䉎䉶䊜䊮䉺䉟䊃䉕ᄢ䈐䈭૕Ⓧ₸䋨౒ᨆ㍑
䈪䈲⚂12%䋩䉕฽䉃䊐䉢䊤䉟䊃⚵❱䉕๒䈜䉎䇯䉶䊜䊮䉺䉟䊃䈱ᒻ⁁䈲䊐䉢䊤䉟䊃䈱ᄌᒻ⚵❱䈮ᄢ䈐䈒ᓇ㗀䉕෸䈿䈜䇯࿑2䈲ጀ⁁䈱䉶䊜䊮䉺䉟䊃䉕฽䉃䊌䊷䊤䉟䊃⚵❱䈍䉋䈶⃿⁁ൻ䉶䊜䊮䉺䉟䊃⚵❱䉕A1ὐએਅ䈪᷷㑆࿶❗ടᎿ䈚䈢ᤨ䈱SEM౮⌀䈫䇮EBSD䋨㔚ሶ✢ᓟᣇᢔੂ࿁᛬䋩ᴺ䈪᳿ቯ䈚䈢䊐䉢䊤䉟䊃䈱⚿᥏ᣇ૏䊙䉾䊒䈪䈅䉎䇯䊌䊷䊤䉟䊃⚵❱䈱႐ว䈮䈲䇮ᄢⷺ☸⇇䈪࿐䉁䉏䈢☸ᓘ⚂2μm 䈱⿥ᓸ⚦䊐䉢䊤䉟䊃⚵❱䈏⹜ᢱో㕙䈪ᓧ䉌䉏䉎䈱䈮ኻ䈚䈩䇮 ⃿⁁䉶䊜䊮䉺䉟䊃䉕฽䉃䊐䉢䊤䉟䊃䈱ᄌᒻ䈪䈲䇮஍ᐔ䈭ടᎿ䉁䉁 䊐䉢䊤䉟䊃☸
⚵❱䉕๒䈚䈩䈇䉎䇯䇭䈖 䈱 ⚿ ᨐ 䉋 䉍䇮⎬⾰⋧䈱ᒻ⁁⇣ᣇᕈ䈮䉋䈦䈩ਇဋ৻ᄌᒻ䈏ዉ౉䈘䉏䇮േ ⊛ ౣ ⚿ ᥏䈏ଦㅴ䈘䉏䉎䈖䈫䈏䉒䈎䉎䇯࿑2䋺(a) Fe-0.8%C-2%Mnว㊄䊌䊷䊤䉟䊃⚵❱䈱75%࿶❗ᄌᒻᓟ䈱SEM౮⌀䈍䉋䈶 (b) 䊐䉢䊤䉟䊃ᣇ૏䊙䉾䊒䇮 (c) Fe-1.0%C-1.4%Cr ว㊄䈱䊐䉢䊤䉟䊃䋫⃿⁁䉶䊜䊮䉺䉟䊃⚵❱䈱75%࿶❗ᄌᒻᓟ䈱SEM ౮⌀䈍䉋䈶 (b)䊐䉢䊤䉟䊃ᣇ૏䊙䉾䊒䇯
䋨923K䇮ᱡㅦᐲ 5×10-4 s-1)䇯ᄥ✢䋺ᣇ૏Ꮕ15°એ਄䈱ᄢⷺ☸⇇䇮⚦✢䋺ᣇ૏Ꮕ15°ᧂḩ䈱ዊⷺ☸⇇䇮C.A.䋺࿶❗ゲᣇะ䇯

3. 䊤䉴䊙䊦䊁䊮䉰䉟䊃䈱േ⊛ౣ⚿᥏⚵❱䈜䉎䇯ᄢⷺ☸⇇䈲ᣥ䉥䊷䉴䊁䊅䉟䊃☸⇇䈫䊌䉬䉾䊃䈍䉋䈶䊑䊨䉾䉪Ⴚ⇇䈮ኻᔕ䈜䉎䇯ૐ὇⚛㍑䈪䈱䊑䊨䉾䉪ᓘ䈲䇮㪈㪇㱘㫄⒟ᐲ䈱䉥䊷䉻䊷䈪䊐䉢䊤䉟䊃☸ᓘ䈫䈚䈩䉅䈎䈭䉍⚦䈎䈇䇯䉁䈢὇⚛㊂䈏Ⴧട䈜䉎䈫䊑䊨䉾䉪ᓘ䈲㪉㱘㫄⒟ᐲ䉁䈪ᓸ⚦䈮䈭䉎䇯䈖䈱䉋䈉䈮䇮䊤䉴䊙䊦䊁䊮䉰䉟䊃䈲☸⇇䈍䉋䈶ォ૏ኒᐲ䉅ᄙ䈒᷷㑆ടᎿ䈮䉋䉎േ⊛ౣ⚿᥏䈱⊒⃻䈮᦭೑䈭ೋᦼ⚵❱䈫⸒䈋䇭࿑4䈲䇮0.1%䈍䉋䈶0.8%䈱὇⚛䉕฽䉃
Fe-C-2%Mn㍑䈱䊤䉴䊙䊦䊁䊮䉰䉟䊃⚵❱䈫䈠䉏䉌䈱᷷㑆ടᎿᓟ䈱⚵❱䈱䊐䉢䊤䉟䊃ᣇ૏䊙䉾䊒䈪䈅䉎䇯὇⚛㊂䈱ᄙ䈇ᣇ䈏ೋᦼ⚵❱䈱䊐䉢䊤䉟䊃☸ᓘ䈏⚦䈎䈒䇮᷷㑆ടᎿᤨ䈱ౣ⚿᥏㗔ၞ䉅ᄙ䈇䇯
࿑4(d)䈪䈲േ⊛ౣ⚿᥏䈱ቢੌ⁁ᘒ䈲
50%䈱࿶❗ᄌᒻ䋨⌀ᱡ䉂䈪0.7䋩䈪ᓧ䉌䉏䈩䈇䉎䈏䇮䈖䈱ᱡ䉂㊂䈲ૐ὇⚛㍑
䊐䉢䊤䉟䊃䉕ೋᦼ⚵❱䈫䈚䈢႐ว䈮േ⊛ౣ⚿᥏䈱⊒⃻䊶ቢੌ䈮ⷐ䈜䉎ᱡ䉂㊂䈫Ყセ䈚䈩䈲䉎䈎䈮ዊ䈘䈒䇮ర䇱ᓸ⚦䈭䊙䊦䊁䊮䉰䉟䊃䉕ೋᦼ⚵❱䈫䈜䉎䈖䈫䈪⿥ᒝടᎿ䉕↪䈇䈝䈫䉅◲ଢ䈮⿥ᓸ⚦☸⚵❱䈏ᓧ䉌䉏䉎䈖䈫䈏䉒䈎䉎䇯࿑5䈲䇮὇
⚛㊂䈱⇣䈭䉎ว㊄䈱䊤䉴䊙䊦䊁䊮䉰䉟䊃䉕ᱡ䉂ㅦᐲ䈱⇣䈭䉎᧦ઙ䈪ᄌᒻ䈚䈢႐ว䈱േ⊛ౣ⚿᥏☸ᓘ䉕Z࿃ሶ䈮ኻ䈚䈩
ᢛℂ䈚䈢䉅䈱䈪䈅䉎䇯㜞ᱡ䉂ㅦᐲ䋨㜞Z
᧦ઙ䋩䈪ᄌᒻ䈜䉎䈾䈬ౣ⚿᥏☸ᓘ䈏⚦䈎䈇䇯৻ᣇ὇⚛㊂䈏⇣䈭䉎ว㊄䈪䈲௑䈐䈲䈾䈿ห䈛䈣䈏ಾ 䈏⇣䈭䉎⋥✢㑐
࿑3䋺Fe-0.2%Cว ㊄ 䈱 䊤 䉴 䊙 䊦ଥ䈏ᓧ䉌䉏㜞὇⚛㍑䈾䈬☸ᓘ䈏⚦䈎䊁䊮䉰䉟䊃⚵❱䈱శቇ㗼ᓸ㏜⚵❱䈫(b)ਅㇱ⚵❱䈱ᮨᑼ࿑䇯䈇䇯䈖䉏䈲╙ੑ⋧䉶䊜䊮䉺䉟䊃䈏䊐䉢䊤䉟䊃䈱☸ᚑ㐳䉕䊏䊮ᱛ䉄䈜䉎䈢䉄䈪䈅䉎䈫⠨䈋䉌䉏䉎䇯
࿑4䋺Fe-0.1%C-2%Mn䈍䉋 䈶Fe-0.8%C-2%Mn ว㊄䈱(a)䇮(b)䊤䉴䊙䊦䊁䊮䉰䉟䊃⚵❱䈍䉋䈶(c)䇮(d)50%࿶❗ᄌᒻᓟ䈱䊐䉢䊤䉟䊃ᣇ૏䊙䉾䊒䇯䋨923K䇮
ᱡㅦᐲ 5×10-4 s-1)䇯ᄥ✢䋺
ᣇ૏Ꮕ15°એ਄䈱ᄢⷺ☸
⇇䇮⚦✢䋺ᣇ૏Ꮕ15°ᧂḩ䈱 ዊ ⷺ ☸ ⇇䇮C.A.䋺࿶ ❗
ゲᣇะ䇯࿑5䋺⒳ 䇱 䈱 ὇ ⚛ ㊂ 䈱
Fe-C-2%Mnว ㊄ 䈱 േ ⊛ ౣ⚿᥏☸ᓘ䈱Z࿃ሶଐሽᕈ䇯

4. ᦨᓟ䈮
䇭એ਄ㅀ䈼䈢䉋䈉䈮䇮䊐䉢䊤䉟䊃☸ᓘ䈱⿥ᓸ⚦ൻ䈮᦭ല䈭േ⊛ౣ⚿᥏⊒⃻䊶ቢੌ䈱⥃⇇ᱡ䉂䈏ೋᦼ⚵❱೙ᓮ䈮䉋䉍ૐᷫ䈪䈐䉎น⢻ᕈ䈏䈅䉎䈖䈫䈏᣿䉌䈎䈫䈭䈦䈢䇯ห᭽䈱ലᨐ䈲䉼䉺䊮ว㊄䈪䉅⷗಴䈘䉏䈩䈍䉍䇮䈖䈱ේℂ䈲৻⥸⊛䈭⚵❱೙ᓮᚻᴺ䈫䈚䈩䉅᦭ല䈪䈅䉎䇯േ⊛ౣ⚿᥏䈲ᄌᒻ᧦ઙ䈪⚿᥏☸ᓘ䉕೙ᓮ䈪䈐䉎䈖䈫䈎䉌⚵❱ᓸ⚦ൻᴺ䈫䈚䈩ታ↪⊛䈮䉅㝯ജ䈅䉎䉅䈱䈪䈅䉍䇮੹ᓟ䈱ᔕ↪᜛ᄢ䉕䈘䉌䈮ᦼᓙ䈚䈢䈇䇯ෳ⠨ᢥ₂[1] Furuhara T, Yamaguchi T, Furimoto S, Maki T, Mater. Sci. Forum, (2007), 539-543:155-160.
[2] Narayana Murty, Torizuka S, Nagai K, Koseki N, Kogo Y, Scripta Mater (2005) , 52: 713-718.
[3] Poorganji B, Miyamoto G, Maki T, Furuhara T,Scripta Mater (2008) ,59: 279-281.

䇭὇⚛㍑䉕䉥䊷䉴䊁䊅䉟䊃ൻᓟ὾䈐౉䉏䉎䈖䈫䈪↢ᚑ䈜䉎䊤䉴䊙䊦䊁䊮䉰䉟䊃⚵❱䈲䇮㜞ኒᐲ䈱ォ૏䉕฽䉂ෘ䉂䈏1μmએਅ䈪1ᣇะ䈮િ㐳䈚䈢ᓸ⚿᥏䋨䊤䉴䋩䈎䉌䈭䉎䇯䊤䉴ౝ䈮䈲䇮䉁䈢․ቯ䈱ᣇ૏䈱䊤䉴䈏ㅪ䈭䈦䈩䊑䊨䉾䉪䇮䊌䉬䉾䊃䈫䈇䈉䊤䉴䈱㓸࿅䋨࿑3(a)䈪䈱䉮䊮䊃䊤䉴䊃䈱⇣䈭䉎㗔ၞ䈮ኻᔕ䋩䉕ᒻᚑ

0GYU.GVVGT9KPVGT8QN䇭႓Ꮢ䈍䉋䈶ᄢ㒋ᐭ┙ᄢቇ㑆䈪䈱↥ቇቭㅪ៤ੱ᧚⢒ᚑ╬੐ᬺ䋨ᐔᚑ22ᐕ䌾23ᐕ䋩䈫䈚䈩䇸䉶䊤䊚䉾䉪䉴♽䉅䈱䈨䈒䉍ᵴᕈൻᢎ⢒䊒䊨䉫䊤䊛䇹䈏ណ↪䈘䉏䉁䈚䈢䇯៤Ꮺ㔚⹤䉇⥄േゞ╬䉕೑↪䈜䉎䈫䈠䈱೑ଢᕈ䈮㛳䈒Ფᣣ䈪䈜䈏䇮䈖䈱䉋䈉䈭ᭂ䉄䈩ଢ೑䈭⃻ઍ␠ળ↢ᵴ䈲䇮వ┵䉶䊤䊚䉾䉪䉴᧚ᢱ䈍䉋䈶䈠䈱ㇱຠ䈮䉋䈦䈩ᄢ䈇䈮ᡰ䈋䉌䉏䈩䈇䉁䈜䇯ᚒ䇱䈱ᭂ䉄䈩ଢ೑䈭⃻ઍ↢ᵴ䉕ᡰ䈋䉎వ┵䉶䊤䊚䉾䉪䉴䈮㑐䈜䉎⎇ⓥ㐿⊒䈲䇮ᣣᧄ䈮ᄙ䈒䈱਎⇇⊛䉶䊤䊚䉾䉪䉴䊜䊷䉦䊷䈏⍮䉌䉏䈩䈇䉎䉋䈉䈮䇮ᣣᧄ䈱䉶䊤䊚䉾䉪䉴ᛛⴚ䈏਎⇇䉕ಒ㚧䈚䇮਎⇇䈱ᦨవ┵䉕⿛䉎ಽ㊁䈪䈜䇯1980ᐕઍ䈎䉌1990ᐕઍ䈮ដ䈔䈩䉶䊤䊚䉾䉪䉴䊐䉞䊷䊋䊷䈏⿠䈖䉍䉁䈚䈢䈏1990ᐕઍㅜਛ䈪䈠䈱䊐䉞䊷䊋䊷䈏⚳ੌ䈜䉎䈫౒䈮䇮⃻࿷䇮ᓢ䇱䈮ᵴ᳇䉕ᄬ䈇䈧䈧䈅䉎⁁ᴫ䈮䈅䉍䉁䈜䇯㋕㍑ಽ㊁䉇ඨዉ૕ಽ㊁䇮⥄േゞ↥ᬺಽ㊁䈫ਗ䉖䈪䇮ᣣᧄ䈱䈍ኅ⧓⊛䈭䉅䈱䈨䈒䉍ಽ㊁䈪䈅䉎䉶䊤䊚䉾䉪䉴᧚ᢱ⎇ⓥ䈏䇮੹ᓟ䈱ᛛⴚ┙࿖ᣣᧄ䉕ᡰ䈋䉎㊀ⷐ䈭䉨䊷䊁䉪䊉䊨䉳䊷ಽ㊁䈫૏⟎䈨䈔䉌䉏䉁䈜䇯䇭䈠䈖䈪䇮䇸䉶䊤䊚䉾䉪䉴♽䉅䈱䈨䈒䉍ᵴᕈൻᢎ⢒䊒䊨䉫䊤䊛䇹䈪䈲䇮਎⇇䉕䊥䊷䊄䈜䉎వ┵䉶䊤䊚䉾䉪䉴䈱⎇ⓥേะ䉇㐿⊒⃻႐䈱⁁ᴫ䈭䈬䈱ᖱႎ䊶⹺⼂䈱౒᦭䉕ㅴ䉄䇮ᣂ䈚䈇䉶䊤䊚䉾䉪䉴䉅䈱䈨䈒䉍䈱䈢䉄䈱ᣂ䈚䈇ầᵹ䈨䈒䉍䈱৻ഥ䈫䈭䉎䈖䈫䉕⋡ᜰ䈚䇮⧯ᚻ⎇ⓥ⠪䉇ਛၷ⎇ⓥ⠪䇮ቇ↢䇮䉲䊆䉝਎ઍ⎇ⓥ⠪䈱᦭ᯏ⊛䈭੤ᵹ䉕ㅴ䉄䉎䈖䈫䉕ਥ⌒䈫䈚䈩䈇䉁䈜䇯╙1࿁⎇ⓥળ䈪䈲䇮႓Ꮢ䉕ઍ⴫䈜䉎਎⇇⊛䉶䊤䊚䉾䉪䉴䊜䊷䉦䊷䈪䈅䉎ᩣᑼળ␠䊆䉾䉦䊃䊷ઍ⴫ข✦ᓎ䈱⷏᧛㓉␠㐳䈫⎇ⓥ㐿⊒ㇱ䈱ᄢ⷏ብมㇱ㐳䉕䈍᜗䈐䈚䈩䇮䉶䊤䊚䉾䉪䉴㐿⊒䈮ኻ䈜䉎ᾲ䈇ᕁ䈇䇮੹ᓟ᳞䉄䉎ੱ᧚䈭䈬䈮䈧䈇䈩⻠Ṷ㗂䈐䇮䇸␠ળ䈏᳞䉄䉎ੱ᧚䇹䈮䈧䈇䈩⹺⼂䉕ᷓ䉄䉎⦟䈇ᯏળ䈫䈭䉍䉁䈚䈢䇯䉁䈢䇮╙2࿁⎇ⓥળ䈪䈲ᩣᑼળ␠䊙䉨䊉ᛛⴚㇱ㐳䊶䉟䊉䊔䊷䉲䊢䊮ഃㅧ䉶䊮䉺䊷㐳䈱␹⼱᣽ጪ᳁䈮䉋䉍䇸ੱ䈫ᛛⴚ䈱䈅䈇䈣䇹䈫䈇䈉㗴⋡䈪㐿⊒⎇ⓥ䈮៤䉒䉎⎇ⓥ⠪䈱࿷䉍ᣇ䈍䉋䈶ᱧผ䈎䉌ቇ䈶䈉䉎੹ᓟ䈱వ┵ᛛⴚ䈱ᣇะᕈ䈭䈬䈮䈧䈇䈩䊡䊆䊷䉪䈭⻠Ṷ䈏᦭䉍䇮ᰴ䈇䈪䇮ᐢፉᄢቇಎᢎ᝼䈱㐳ᴧᲞ᳁䈎䉌䈲䇮䇸↢๮䇮࿾⃿䇮ቝቮ䇹䈫䈇䈉㗴⋡䈪䇮࿾⃿䈫↢๮䈱ᚑ䉍┙䈤䈍䉋䈶ᶏᐩ䈱䉼䊠䊷䊑䊪䊷䊛䈎䉌ᧁᤊ䈱䉣䉡䊨䊌㐿⊒䉁䈪ᄙጘ䈮ᷰ䉎⥝๧ᷓ䈇⻠Ṷ䉕㗂䈐䇮⎇ⓥ䈮៤䉒䉎ᭉ䈚䉂䉕ᾲ䈒⺆䈦䈩䈇䈢䈣䈐䉁䈚䈢䇯䇭੹ᓟ䈫䉅䇮ฦಽ㊁䊶ฦ⇇䈱ᦨవ┵䈱⎇ⓥ⠪䈍䉋䈶㐿⊒⠪䉕⎇ⓥળ䈮䈍᜗䈐䈚䈩䇮䈠䈱ᾲ䈇ᕁ䈇䉕⺆䈦䈩㗂䈐䇮䇸䉅䈱䈨䈒䉍ᣣᧄ䇹䈱ㅴ䉃䈼䈐ᣇะᕈ䈭䈬䉅⼏⺰䈚䈩䈇䈒੍ቯ䈪䈜䇯╙1࿁䇭ᐔᚑ22ᐕ9᦬13ᣣ䋨᦬䋩15䋺00 䌾 16䋺30䇭䇭⻠Ṷ1䇭⷏᧛ 㓉᳁䋨ᩣᑼળ␠䊆䉾䉦䊃䊷ઍ⴫ข✦ᓎ␠㐳䋩 䇭䇸䉶䊤䊚䉾䉪䉴ડᬺ䈏᳞䉄䉎ੱ᧚䇹䇭䇭⻠Ṷ2䇭ᄢ⷏ ብม᳁䋨ᩣᑼળ␠䊆䉾䉦䊃䊷 ⎇ⓥ㐿⊒ㇱ㐳䋩䇭䇸䉶䊤䊚䉾䉪䉴䉕ㅢ䈛䈩ᗵ䈛䈢ᛛⴚ⠪䈱⠨䈋ᣇ䇹╙2࿁䇭ᐔᚑ22ᐕ10᦬18ᣣ䋨᦬䋩14䋺35 䌾 17䋺00
䇭䇭⻠Ṷ1䇭␹⼱ ᣽ጪ᳁䋨䊺䊙䉨䊉ᛛⴚㇱ㐳 䊶䉟䊉䊔䊷䉲䊢䊮ഃㅧ䉶䊮䉺䊷㐳䋩䇭䇸ੱ䈫ᛛⴚ䈱䈅䈇䈣 䇹䇭䇭⻠Ṷ2䇭㐳ᴧ Პ᳁䋨ᐢፉᄢቇ↢‛࿤⑼ቇ⎇ⓥ⑼ 䊶ಎᢎ᝼䋩 䇸↢๮䇮࿾⃿䇮ቝቮ䇹ǤșȳȈ‫إ‬ԓǋƷƮƘǓؕᄽᜒࡈᄂᆮ˟ƷƓჷǒƤᇹ‫ׅ‬২ᘐǻȟȊȸᇹ‫ׅ‬২ᘐᜒ፼˟ᲢஉଐᲣ䇭ጊᶆ⌀৻ಎᢎ᝼䋨᧲ർᄢ㊄⎇䋩䈍䉋䈶ᒰ䉶䊮䉺䊷䈫䈱౒ห⎇ⓥ䉕ታᣉ䈚䈩䈇䉎ਃ᧛ᕡ⵨᳁(䊺ਛጊ⵾㍑ᚲ)䈫ፉ↰ ⊓᳁䋨䊘䊷䊤䉟䊃 䊺䋩䉕⻠Ꮷ䈫䈚䈢㊄ዻ䉧䊤䉴䈮㑐䈜䉎ᛛⴚ䉶䊚䊅䊷
䉕䇮11᦬5ᣣ䋨㊄䋩䇮䉪䊥䉣䉟䉲䊢䊮䊶䉮䉝᧲ᄢ㒋䈮䈩ⴕ䈭䈇䇮30૛ฬ䈱ᄙᢙ䈱䈗ෳട䉕㗂䈐䉁䈚䈢䇯䉁䈢䇮ᛛⴚ䉶䊚䊅䊷⚳ੌᓟ䈲ᛛⴚ⻠⠌ળ䉅ታᣉ䈚䉁䈚䈢䇯ᰴ࿁䈱㊄ዻ䉧䊤䉴䈮㑐䈜䉎ᛛⴚ䉶䊚䊅䊷䈲1᦬ਅᣨ䉕੍ቯ䈚䈩䈍䉍䉁䈜䇯ᇹ  ‫ׅ‬২ᘐǻȟȊȸᲢ உ  ଐᲣ䇭䉅䈱䈨䈒䉍ၮ␆⻠ᐳ䇮╙21࿁ᛛⴚ䉶䊚䊅䊷䈏11᦬26ᣣ䇮ㄭ⇰ᄢቇ䈮䈍䈇䈩㐿௅䈘䉏䉁䈚䈢䇯↰ਛ⨃㓶᳁䋨ᄥ⋓Ꮏᬺ䊺䋩䇮ፉ↰㩷⊓᳁䋨䊘䊷䊤䉟 䊃 䊺䋩䇮ᄢ ᴡ ౝ㩷ဋ ᳁䋨⑔ ↰ ㊄ ዻ ▗ ☳ Ꮏ ᬺ䊺䋩䇮ᴒ㩷ᐘ↵ᢎ᝼䋨ㄭ⇰ᄢቇ䋩䈎䉌䇮䇸☳૕䈫䈠䈱ടᎿᛛⴚ䇹䈮㑐䈜䉎੐଀䈫⸃⺑䈏䈭䈘䉏䉁䈚䈢䇯䉁䈢䇮ㄭ⇰ᄢቇ䈮䈍䈔䉎䊝䊉䈨䈒䉍ੱ᧚⢒ᚑ䈱ᗧ᰼⊛䈭ข⚵䉂䇮⊕੗⑲᣿᳁䋨⊕੗᧻ེ᪾䊺䋩䈎䉌䈲ᛛⴚ㐿⊒䈪䈱฽⫾䈅䉎⚻㛎⺣䈏⚫੺䈘䉏䉁䈚䈢䇯䇭䇸╙2࿁᧲ർᄢቇ㊄ዻ᧚ᢱ⎇ⓥᚲ㒝ዻ⎇ⓥᣉ⸳ᄢ㒋䉶䊮䉺䊷䋯ᄢ㒋ᐭ┙ᄢቇ㊄ዻ♽ᣂ⚛᧚⎇ⓥ䉶䊮䉺䊷วห⻠Ṷળ䋺ቇቇㅪ៤䈱ᣂ䈚䈇ầᵹ䈫ᣂ᧚ᢱ㐿⊒䇹䈏䇮ᐔᚑ23ᐕ1᦬24ᣣ䋨᦬䋩䋨ඦᓟ2:35 䌾5 :05䋩ᄢ㒋ᐭ┙ᄢቇ䈮䈩㐿௅䈘䉏䉁䈜䇯᧲ർᄢቇ㊄ዻ᧚ᢱ⎇ⓥᚲᄢ㒋䉶䊮䉺䊷䈱⧯ᚻ⎇ⓥ⠪䈫䇮ᄢ㒋ᐭ┙ᄢቇ㊄ዻ♽ᣂ⚛᧚⎇ⓥ䉶䊮䉺䊷䈱⎇ⓥ⠪䈱ᦨᣂ⎇ⓥ䈱⊒⴫䈫⸛⺰䉕ㅢ䈛䈩䇮᧲ർᄢቇ䈫ᄢ㒋ᐭ┙ᄢቇ䈱ᄢቇ㑆ㅪ៤䈱ᚑᨐ䉕䉝䊏䊷䊦䈜䉎䉅䈱䈪䈜䇯․䈮䇮ᄢቇ㑆䈱᦭ᯏ⊛䈭䊈䉾䊃䊪䊷䉪䈮䉋䉎ቇቇㅪ៤䈱⎇ⓥᚑᨐ䇮䈍䉋䈶ฦᄢቇ䈫ડᬺ䈅䉎䈇䈲౏⸳⎇ⓥᯏ㑐䈭䈬䈫䈱↥ቇᚑᨐ䇮䉁䈢ቇቭㅪ៤䈱ᦨᣂ䈱⎇ⓥ
ᚑᨐ䈮㑐䈜䉎⊒⴫䈏ⴕ䉒䉏䉁䈜䇯䇭䊒䊨䉫䊤䊛䈭䈬䈱ᖱႎ䈲ᄢ㒋䉶䊮䉺䊷䈱䊖䊷䊛䊕䊷䉳䇭䇭䇭䇭䇭䇭䇭䋨http://www.osakacenter.imr.tohoku.ac.jp/䋩䈮ឝタ䈘䉏䈩䈇䉁䈜䇯䈗㑐ᔃ䈏䈗䈙䈇䉁䈚䈢䉌ᤚ㕖䈗ෳട䈒䈣䈘䈇䇯ᣣᤨ䋺2011ᐕ1᦬24ᣣ䋨᦬䋩䇭ඦᓟ2䋺35 䌾 5䋺05႐ᚲ䋺ᄢ㒋ᐭ┙ᄢቇ B3᫟208ቶ෰䉎10᦬䈮䊙䉟䉪䊨䊶䊙䊆䊠䊐䉜䉪䉼䊞䊥䊮䉫䈮㑐䈜䉎࿖㓙䊐䉤䊷䊤䊛䈪౞ථ䉕࿐䉖䈪䈱⸛⺰ળ䉕ડ↹䈚䉁䈚䈢䇯䈠䈖䈪䇮䉅䈱䈨䈒䉍䉕ᡰ䈋䉎ਛዊડᬺ䈪䇸਎⇇ᦨዊ䇹䈱ᛛⴚ䉕⹶䉎ળ␠䉕⸰䈰ᱠ䈐䉁䈚䈢䇯ゞ䈏䈑䉍䈑䉍ㅢ䉏䉎⿷ᨩጊ䈱⚦㆏䈱ᅏ䈮䈲䇮਎⇇৻ዊ䈘䈭ᱤゞ䉕ಾ೥䈜䉎Ꮏౕ䋨䊖䊑䋩䉕૞䈦䈩䈇䉎ળ␠䈏䈅䉍䉁䈚䈢䇯䈠䈱䈾䈎䇮਎⇇ᦨዊ䈱䊒䊤䉴䉼䉾䉪ᱤゞ䇮䉩䊟䊷䊄䊝䊷䉺䇮䈰䈛䇮Άᢱྃ኿↪䊉䉵䊦䇮䉟䊮䉪䉳䉢䉾䊃䊒䊥䊮䉺䉇䊈䊑䊤䉟䉱↪䊉䉵䊦䈭䈬䈪䈚䈢䈏䇮䈇䈝䉏䉅ᛛⴚ䈮ኻ䈜䉎ᖱᾲ䇮㆏ᭉ䈫䉅⸒䈋䈠䈉䈭䇸䈖䈣䉒䉍䇹䈫䇸⹶䉍䇹䈏ᗵ䈛䉌䉏䇮ᐘ䈞䈭ᤨ㑆䉕ㆊ䈗䈘䈞䈩㗂䈐䉁䈚䈢䇯䈖䉏䉌ᣣᧄ䈏⹶䉎ᛛⴚ䉕⧷⺆䈪⚫੺䈚䈩䈾䈚䈇䇮䈫䈇䈉䈍㗿䈇䈮ᔕ䈋䈩㗂䈇䈢ᛛⴚ⠪䈱ᣇ䇱䈮ᗵ⻢⥌䈚䉁䈜䇯䇭䇭䇭䇭䇭ᣂ⚛᧚⵾ㅧಽ㊁䇭ᢎ᝼䇭ᣧਸᅚᐽౖᄢ㒋ᐭ┙ᄢቇ᭴ౝ㩷౮⌀ឭଏ䋺⴫⚕䇸ᄢ㒋ᐭ┙ᄢቇ㩷ਛ⊖⥠㠽䉨䊞䊮䊌䉴䇹㩷ᄢ㒋ᐭ┙ᄢቇᄢቇ㒮㩷↢๮ⅣႺ⑼ቇ⎇ⓥ⑼㩷ಎᢎ᝼㩷ਛ᧛ᓆብ䇭䇭䇭㩷㩷䇭䇭䇭✬㓸ᓟ⸥䇸ᄢ㒋ᐭ┙ᄢቇ᭴ౝ㩷䇹㩷ᄢ㒋ᐭ┙ᄢቇᄢቇ㒮㩷ℂቇ♽⎇ⓥ⑼㩷ᢎ᝼㩷౎ᧁቁม

0GYU.GVVGT8QNϤӭ࠯঺࠰உଐႆᘍųႆᘍΨᲴி҅‫ܖٻ‬᣿‫ޓ‬஬૰ᄂᆮ৑᧽‫ޓ‬ᄂᆮ଀ᚨ‫᧵ٻ‬ǻȳǿȸ˅ӨǵȆȩǤȈǪȕǣǹųųųųųųǻȩȟȃǯǹኒǋƷƮƘǓ෇ࣱ҄૙ᏋȗȭǰȩȠ