シリーズ「グローバルジャスティス」第９回"Gendering Citizenship: from the intimate to the global"
Ruth Lister (Emeritus Professor at Loughborough University, UK, House of Lords)

On April 8th, 2011, Ruth Lister, emeritus professor at Loughborough University, UK,came to give a lecture on “Gendering Citizenship: from the intimate to the global.”
Professor Lister is currently a member of the House of Lords and has done research onsocial welfare and poverty in Britain.
The lecture was divided into two parts: first, she explained about the citizenship as
both a theoretical and mobilising concept and how the feminism has contributed to thedevelopment of its concept, and in latter part she explored the multi-tiered nature ofcitizenship moving from the intimate, through the local to the global by using thefeminist analysis.
To begin with, Professor Lister explained that citizenship is mostly represented as auniversal concept; however, it also needs to be understood from the national, social, andpolitical contexts. She added that citizenship also represents as a mobilising concept andit can be expressed by national contexts. For instance, an edited collection by Nalia
Kabeer that discusses about the people who suffers poverty in the Global South “shed(s)light on what inclusive citizenship” mean from the view of excluded people. Kabeer
argues, “their testimonies and actions suggest there are certain values that people
associate with citizenship which cut across the various boundaries that divide them.”
What Kabeer identifies are justice and recognition. Professor Lister said that Kabeer
proves that citizenship can also be a common mobilising tool for the excluded andmarginalized people.
Moreover, Professor Lister pointed out that feminists have contributed to thedevelopment in the concept of citizenship as an mobolising tool and an analitical lens inthese couple of decades. It started when citizenship was drawn as a quintessentially male
template and even if women were included they were drawn as a subjection. This
women’s exclusion of citizenship was essential to both the theory and practice ofcitizenship. On the other hand, focusing too much to the exclusive groups would createa danger of making those people as passive victims. Therefore, Professor Lister
explained that a number of feminist citizenship theorists have “underlined theimportance of political agency, which provides the link between conceptions ofcitizenship as an active participatory practice and as a set of rights, which are the object

of struggle.”
Next, she argued that feminist analysis and activism have contributed to themulti-tiered or layered citizenship. While traditional citizenship theory tended to locate
citizenship within the nation-state, today citizenship is theorized at different kinds oflevel, intimate to the global. Futhermore, this multi-tiered nature of citizenship has
moved from the intimate, through the local, and the national to the global.
Finally, Professor Lister explained how the spaces of citizenship has reached out
from the intimate to the global, and also the global and the intimate are interwoven
through a phenomenon frequently called “global care chains.” And these different tiersof citizenship operates with each other. Feminist analysis and activism has helped toexpose the exclusionary side of citizenship’s face at every level and to stengthen its
inclusionary sides. However, Professor Lister concluded that the struggle for every
women to achieve their diversity genuinely gender-inclusive citizenship, from theintimate to the global, still continues.