RESPONSE CHALLENGES
Petroleum Association of Japan SYMPOSIUM

Thomas S. L. Sturgeon, Technical Advisor

RESPONSE
CHALLENGESLOW SULPHUR FUEL OILSCOMMAND & CONTROL

Advances in technology= Less Spills= Less PracticalExperience
PLASTICS

ESG - SUSTAINABILITYITOPF
BACKGROUND

Multi-lingual

Multi-skilled

Fluency in English,
Japanese, Spanish,French,
Portuguese,
Russian

Biologists, Chemists,
Environment
Scientists, Geologists,Engineers

19

ITOPF STAFF

72437

RESPONDERS+44 (0)20 7566 6998
(Please do not email for an emergency situation)

TECHNICAL

5SERVICESITOPFSERVICESFUNDING

GLOBAL SHIPPING
INDUSTRY

SPILL RESPONSE COMMUNITY& STAKEHOLDERS

ITOPF’S SHIPOWNER
MEMBERS & ASSOCIATESFUNDINGTECHNICALADVICEITOPF’S REMIT ?

OTHER SUBSTANCES CARRIED BY SHIPSMINERAL & VEGETABLE OILS

CoalCarcasses

CORAL REEF GROUNDINGSCHEMICALS

NurdlesITOPFRESPONSE ACTIVITES

Incident Remote Advice – Last 12 months

I T O P1 2 F

RESPONSE ACTIVITES

Incident Attendance in the last year

PERU

EMERGENCY CONTINGENCY
PLANNING
2 4 th J a n 2 0 2 3 : I s h i g a k i I s l a n d J A P A N

ITOPF notified of grounding via
emergency phone & requested
on-site 24th Jan.

2 members of the ITOPF Technical
Advice staff mobilized & arrive inIshigaki 26th Jan.

ITOPF begins pre-spill shoreline
surveys (assisted by NSC, then
CSA for logistical support)
E V E N T N A M E , D AT E

Yaeyama Islands 八重山列島,Japan 日本

SHORELINE
CLEAN-UP PLAN
Pre-spill shoreline survey data

EXAMPLE:IRIOMOTESHORELINE
CLEAN-UP PLAN
Pre-spill shoreline survey data

Shoreline Type
海岸線タイプ
Proposed Clean-upTechnique提案されたクリーンアップ手法
Site number on map,coordinates anddescription
位置SHORELINE
CLEAN-UP PLANv 1 . 0s u b m i t t e d2 0 2 3 - 0 2 - 1 3

1. Roles & Responsibilities
2. Site Map and Zone Delineation
3. Overview of Site Categories
4. Nearshore Response Strategy
5. Overview of Shoreline Clean-up Techniques
6. Phases of Clean-up & Application of Techniques
7. Team Organization
8. Monitoring and Reporting
9. Waste Management Plan
APPENDIX I: Pre-Spill Shoreline Survey Data
APPENDIX II: Examples of Site Specific Clean-up PlanRESPONSECHALLENGESLOW SULPHUR FUEL OILSCOMMAND & CONTROL

Advances in technology= Less Spills= Less PracticalExperience
PLASTICS

ESG - SUSTAINABILITYPERUPort of El Callao

Date: 15th Jan 2022
Incident: Crude oilspill
Reported volume:
1,470 MT~50 km of
impacted shoreline
Only 50% of theshoreline wasaccessible
National Oil Spill
Contingency Plan
dated 1993
Covid eraSource: Aljazeera

~1,600 m3 CrudeRESPONSE CHALLENGES
COMMAND & CONTROL
Advances in technology &preparedness:= Less Spills= Less practical response experience,& Less command & control practicecommunicating with key stakeholders.
Problem?
This can lead to inefficient stakeholder
communication & collaboration when asignificant spill occurs.
Solutions?
- Regular realistic exercise scenarios.
- Periodic reviews of National
Contingency Plans.
- Sharing of knowledge & lessons
learnt across boarders & sectors.

RESPONSE
CHALLENGESLOW SULPHUR FUEL OILSCOMMAND & CONTROL

Advances in technology= Less Spills= Less PracticalExperience
PLASTICS

ESG - SUSTAINABILITY

LOW SULPHUR FUEL OIL

CHARACTERISTICS• LSFOs have highly variablecharacteristics.
• Limited peer reviewed scientificstudies discuss LSFO characteristics
in relation to oil spill response.
• Research conducted to datesuggests that VLSFOs typically have;- higher pour points than HSFOs.
- lower densities than HSFOs.
- lower viscosities than HSFOs; aswell as a broader spread ofviscosities in comparison toHSFOs.
Scarlett et al., 2021 & Sørheim et al., 2020 (SINTEF)

Fate and Behaviour

Oil properties dictate weathering & behaviour at sea! This influences
environmental impact & the clean-up strategies that should be adopted.

Source: MPF/PHSMV WAKASHIO• Latest Contingency Plan
Revision: 1990
• Shoreline clean-up: 5 months• Bow section: Removed &scuttled• Stern: Removed ~1 year laterFeb 2021 - Jan 2022.
Some ‘Firsts’:• First major oil spill inMauritius• First major oil spill during
the COVID-19 pandemic• First major spill of Low
Sulphur Fuel Oil

International Requests for AssistanceRESPONSE
CHALLENGESLOW SULPHUR FUEL OILSCOMMAND & CONTROL

Advances in technology= Less Spills= Less PracticalExperience
PLASTICS

ESG - SUSTAINABILITYX-PRESS PEARL
Case study
Sri Lanka

Source: Sri Lankan Airforce

SHIP-SOURCE SPILLS OF

PLASTIC PELLETS

Source: Getty Images

RESPONSE

CHALLENGES
Highly mobile and dynamic

RESPONSE

CHALLENGES
Highly mobile and dynamic

RAPID PRIORITISATION FROM COMMAND & CONTROL• Drift modelling• Container location & sourcecontrol• Shoreline surveying &Identification of hot spots• Deployment of clean-upteams• Contamination mapping• Marine debris indicatesnatural collection points.

X-PRESS PEARL

How widespread is the problem?

RESPONSE CHALLENGESMICRO PLASTICS• How do we reduce plastic pollution
spill risk?
- Packaging & transportation…
• What are the environmental impacts?
• At what point do you terminate
clean-up?
- % Recovery- Financial threshold?
• Recovery efficiency: Should macroplastic recovery be favoured overmicroplastic recovery?
• How do you determine baseline
conditions, when plastic pollution iswidespread globally?

RESPONSE
CHALLENGESLOW SULPHUR FUEL OILSCOMMAND & CONTROL

Advances in technology= Less Spills= Less Practical
Experience
PLASTICS

ESG - SUSTAINABILITYSUSTAINABILITYIN INCIDENT RESPONSE

Environmental, Social & Governance (ESG) considerationsEnvironmental aspects: Data on greenhouse gas emissions, biodiversity loss, pollution, energy use & watermanagement.
Social aspects: Data on employee safety & health, working conditions, diversity, equity, & inclusion.
Governance aspects: Data on corporate governance such as preventing bribery, corruption, diversity of Board ofDirectors, cybersecurity & management structure.

= Quantitative data to inform decision -making?

Environmental impact – Green House Gas Emission (CO2-e)

Resources
Waste
Processing

Manufacture

Use

Distribution

RESPONSE CHALLENGESCAN ESG BECOME A FOCUS WITHINAN EMERGENCY FRAMEWORK?

• How to practically implement ESG
factors into response decision-making?
• How do we ensure data is robust &comparable?

• And do we develop a ‘standardised’
methodology & tool for this?
• How do we communicate these issues
given the potential sensitivity ofinformation?
• Risk: Avoid “Green washing?”- Buzz words - "green" and "eco“

RESPONSE
CHALLENGESLOW SULPHUR FUEL OILSWAKASHIOCOMMAND & CONTROLPERUAdvances in technology= Less Spills= Less Practical Experience

PLASTICS X-PRESS PEARLInformation
Quantity > Quality
Quality > Quantity
Source credibility

ESG - SUSTAINABILITY