MegaRaid®
SAS Software
User Guide

80-00156-01
Rev. I
June 2010

80- 00156- 01I

Revision History
Version and Date
80-00156-01 Rev. I, June 2010

Description of Changes
Updated the document with changes to the software utilities. Added Chapter 11 for the MegaRAID Advanced Software features.

80-00156-01 Rev. H, July 2009

Documented the Full Disk Encryption (FDE) feature.

80-00156-01 Rev. G, June 2009

Updated the MegaRAID Storage Manager chapters.

80-00156-01 Rev. F, March 2009

Updated the WebBIOS Configuration Utility, MegaRAID Storage Manager, and MegaCLI chapters.

80-00156-01 Rev. E, December 2008 Added the overview chapter. Updated the WebBIOS Configuration Utility, MegaRAID Storage Manager, and MegaCLI chapters.
80-00156-01 Rev. D, April 2008

Updated the RAID overview section. Updated the WebBIOS Configuration Utility and the MegaRAID Storage Manager. Updated the MegaCLI
commands.

80-00156-01 Rev. C, July 2007
Version 2.

Updated operating system support for MegaCLI.

80-00156-01 Rev. B, June 2007
Version 2.0

Updated the WebBIOS Configuration Utility and the MegaRAID Storage Manager. Updated the MegaCLI commands. Added the RAID
introduction chapter.

80-00156-01 Rev. A, August 2006
Version 1.1

Corrected the procedure for creating RAID 10 and RAID 50 drive groups in the WebBIOS Configuration Utility.

DB15-000339-00, December 2005
Version 1.0

Initial release of this document.

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This preliminary document describes a preproduction product and contains information that may change substantially for any final commercial release of the product. LSI Corporation makes no express
or implied representation or warranty as to the accuracy, quality, or completeness of information contained in this document, and neither the release of this document nor any information included in it
obligates LSI Corporation to make a commercial release of the product. LSI Corporation reserves the right to make changes to the product(s) or information disclosed herein at any time without notice.
LSI Corporation does not assume any responsibility or liability arising out of the application or use of any product or service described herein, except as expressly agreed to in writing by LSI Corporation;
nor does the purchase, lease, or use of a product or service from LSI Corporation convey a license under any patent rights, copyrights, trademark rights, or any other of the intellectual property rights
of LSI Corporation or of third parties.
This document contains proprietary information of LSI Corporation. The information contained herein is not to be used by or disclosed to third parties without the express written permission of LSI
Corporation.
This document contains proprietary information of LSI Corporation. The information contained herein is not to be used by or disclosed to third parties without the express written permission of LSI
Corporation.
Corporate Headquarters
Milpitas, CA
800-372-2447
Document Number: 80-00156-01 Rev. I
Copyright © 2010 LSI Corporation
All Rights Reserved

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Websitewww.lsi.com

MegaRaid SAS Software User Guide

Table of Contents

Table of Contents
Chapter 1: Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11
1.1 SAS Technology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11
1.2 Serial-attached SCSI Device Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12
1.3 Serial ATA II Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12
1.4 Solid State Drive Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13
1.4.1 Solid State Drive Guard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13
1.5 Dimmer Switch Feature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13
1.6 UEFI 2.0 Support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14
1.7 Configuration Scenarios . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14
1.7.1 Valid Drive Mix Configurations with HDDs and SSDs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15
1.8 Technical Support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16
Chapter 2: Introduction to RAID . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17
2.1 RAID Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17
2.2 RAID Benefits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17
2.3 RAID Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17
2.4 Components and Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17
2.4.1 Drive Group . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18
2.4.2 Virtual Drive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18
2.4.3 Fault Tolerance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18
2.4.4 Consistency Check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19
2.4.5 Copyback . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19
2.4.6 Background Initialization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20
2.4.7 Patrol Read . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21
2.4.8 Disk Striping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21
2.4.9 Disk Mirroring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21
2.4.10 Parity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .22
2.4.11 Disk Spanning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23
2.4.12 Hot Spares . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .24
2.4.13 Disk Rebuilds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .25
2.4.14 Rebuild Rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .25
2.4.15 Hot Swap . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .26
2.4.16 Drive States . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .26
2.4.17 Virtual Drive States . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .27
2.4.18 Beep Codes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .27
2.4.19 Enclosure Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .27
2.5 RAID Levels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .27
2.5.1 Summary of RAID Levels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .28
2.5.2 Selecting a RAID Level . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .28
2.5.3 RAID 0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .29
2.5.4 RAID 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .29
2.5.5 RAID 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .30
2.5.6 RAID 6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .31
2.5.7 RAID 00 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .32
2.5.8 RAID 10 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .33
2.5.9 RAID 50 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .34
2.5.10 RAID 60 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .35
2.6 RAID Configuration Strategies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .36

LSI Corporation Confidential | June 2010

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Table of Contents

MegaRaid SAS Software User Guide

2.6.1 Maximizing Fault Tolerance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .37
2.6.2 Maximizing Performance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .38
2.6.3 Maximizing Storage Capacity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .39
2.7 RAID Availability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .40
2.7.1 RAID Availability Concept . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .40
2.8 Configuration Planning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .41
2.9 Number of Drives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .41
2.9.1 Drive Group Purpose . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .41
Chapter 3: SafeStore Disk Encryption . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .43
3.1 Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .43
3.2 Purpose and Benefits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .43
3.3 Terminology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .44
3.4 Workflow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .44
3.4.1 Enable Security . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .44
3.4.2 Change Security . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45
3.4.3 Create Secure Virtual Drives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45
3.4.4 Import a Foreign Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .46
3.5 Instant Secure Erase . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .46
Chapter 4: WebBIOS Configuration Utility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .49
4.1 Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .49
4.2 Starting the WebBIOS CU . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .49
4.3 WebBIOS CU Main Screen Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .50
4.4 Creating a Storage Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .52
4.4.1 Selecting the Configuration with the Configuration Wizard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .52
4.4.2 Using Automatic Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .54
4.4.3 Using Manual Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .54
4.5 Creating a CacheCade Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .91
4.6 Selecting SafeStore Encryption Services Security Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .96
4.6.1 Enabling the Security Key Identifier, Security Key, and Password . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .96
4.6.2 Changing the Security Key Identifier, Security Key, and Pass Phrase . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102
4.6.3 Disabling the Drive Security Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109
4.6.4 Importing Foreign Configurations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111
4.7 Viewing and Changing Device Properties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112
4.7.1 Viewing Controller Properties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112
4.7.2 Viewing Virtual Drive Properties, Policies, and Operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115
4.7.3 Viewing Drive Properties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117
4.7.4 Viewing and Changing Battery Backup Unit Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119
4.8 Expanding a Virtual Drive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122
4.9 Using MegaRAID Recovery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123
4.9.1 Recovery Scenarios . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124
4.9.2 Enabling the Recovery Advanced Software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124
4.9.3 Creating Snapshots and Views . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127
4.9.4 Creating Concurrent Snapshots . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131
4.9.5 Selecting the Snapshot Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133
4.9.6 Viewing Snapshot Properties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134
4.9.7 Restoring a Virtual Drive by Rolling Back to a Snapshot . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136
4.9.8 Clearing Snapshots . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138
4.9.9 Cleaning up a Snapshot Repository . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140

Page 4

LSI Corporation Confidential | June 2010

MegaRaid SAS Software User Guide

Table of Contents

4.10 Viewing System Event Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142
4.11 Managing Configurations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143
4.11.1 Running a Consistency Check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144
4.11.2 Deleting a Virtual Drive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144
4.11.3 Importing or Clearing a Foreign Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144
4.11.4 Migrating the RAID Level of a Virtual Drive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148
4.11.5 New Drives Attached to a MegaRAID Controller . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 150
Chapter 5: MegaRAID Command Tool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151
5.1 Product Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151
5.2 Novell NetWare, SCO, Solaris, FreeBSD, and DOS Operating System Support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 152
5.3 Command Line Abbreviations and Conventions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153
5.3.1 Abbreviations Used in the Command Line . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153
5.3.2 Conventions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153
5.4 Pre-boot MegaCLI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 154
5.5 CacheCade-Related Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 155
5.5.1 Create a Solid State Drive Cache Drive to Use as Secondary Cache . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 156
5.5.2 Delete a Solid State Drive Cache Drive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 156
5.6 SafeStore Security Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 156
5.6.1 Use Instant Secure Erase on a Physical Drive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157
5.6.2 Secure Data on a Virtual Drive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157
5.6.3 Destroy the Security Key . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157
5.6.4 Create a Security Key . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 158
5.6.5 Change the Security Key . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 158
5.6.6 Get the Security Key ID . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159
5.6.7 Set the Security Key ID . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159
5.6.8 Verify the Security Key . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159
5.7 Controller Property-Related Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159
5.7.1 Display Controller Properties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159
5.7.2 Display Number of Controllers Supported . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 160
5.7.3 Enable or Disable Automatic Rebuild . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 160
5.7.4 Flush Controller Cache . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 160
5.7.5 Set Controller Properties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 160
5.7.6 Display Specified Controller Properties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 162
5.7.7 Set Factory Defaults . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 162
5.7.8 Set SAS Address . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 162
5.7.9 Set Time and Date on Controller . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 162
5.7.10 Display Time and Date on Controller . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 163
5.7.11 Get Connector Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 163
5.7.12 Set Connector Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 163
5.8 Patrol Read-Related Controller Properties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 163
5.8.1 Set Patrol Read Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 164
5.8.2 Set Patrol Read Delay Interval . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 164
5.9 BIOS-Related Properties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 164
5.9.1 Set or Display Bootable Virtual Drive ID . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 164
5.9.2 Select BIOS Status Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 165
5.10 Battery Backup Unit-Related Properties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 165
5.10.1 Display BBU Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 165
5.10.2 Display BBU Status Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 166
5.10.3 Display BBU Capacity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167
5.10.4 Display BBU Design Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167

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5.10.5 Display Current BBU Properties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 168
5.10.6 Start BBU Learning Cycle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 168
5.10.7 Place Battery in Low-Power Storage Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 168
5.10.8 Set BBU Properties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 169
5.11 Options for Displaying Logs Kept at the Firmware Level . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 169
5.11.1 Event Log Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 169
5.11.2 Set BBU Terminal Logging . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 170
5.12 Configuration-Related Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 170
5.12.1 Create a RAID Drive Group from All Unconfigured Good Drives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 170
5.12.2 Add RAID 0, 1, 5, or 6 Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 172
5.12.3 Add RAID 10, 50, or 60 Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 173
5.12.4 Clear the Existing Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 173
5.12.5 Save the Configuration on the Controller . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 173
5.12.6 Restore the Configuration Data from File . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 174
5.12.7 Manage Foreign Configuration Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 174
5.12.8 Delete Specified Virtual Drive(s) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 175
5.12.9 Display the Free Space . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 175
5.13 Virtual Drive-Related Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 175
5.13.1 Display Virtual Drive Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 175
5.13.2 Change the Virtual Drive Cache and Access Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 176
5.13.3 Display the Virtual Drive Cache and Access Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 176
5.13.4 Manage Virtual Drives Initialization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 177
5.13.5 Manage a Consistency Check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 177
5.13.6 Schedule a Consistency Check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 178
5.13.7 Manage a Background Initialization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 178
5.13.8 Perform a Virtual Drive Reconstruction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 179
5.13.9 Display Information about Virtual Drives and Drives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 179
5.13.10 Display the Number of Virtual Drives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 179
5.13.11 Clear the LDBBM Table Entries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 180
5.13.12 Display the List of Virtual Drives with Preserved Cache . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 180
5.13.13 Discard the Preserved Cache of a Virtual Drive(s) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 180
5.13.14 Expand a Virtual Drive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 181
5.14 Drive-Related Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 181
5.14.1 Display Drive Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 181
5.14.2 Set the Drive State to Online . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 182
5.14.3 Set the Drive State to Offline . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 182
5.14.4 Change the Drive State to Unconfigured Good . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 182
5.14.5 Change the Drive State . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 183
5.14.6 Manage a Drive Initialization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 183
5.14.7 Rebuild a Drive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 184
5.14.8 Locate the Drive(s) and Activate LED . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 184
5.14.9 Mark the Configured Drive as Missing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 184
5.14.10 Display the Drives in Missing Status . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 185
5.14.11 Replace the Configured Drives and Start an Automatic Rebuild . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 185
5.14.12 Prepare the Unconfigured Drive for Removal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 185
5.14.13 Display Total Number of Drives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 186
5.14.14 Display List of Physical Devices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 186
5.14.15 Download Firmware to the Physical Devices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 186
5.14.16 Configure All Free Drives into a RAID 0, 1, 5, or 6 Configuration for a Specific Controller . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 187
5.14.17 Set the Mapping Mode of the Drives to the Selected Controller(s) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 188
5.14.18 Perform the Copyback Operation on the Selected Drive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 188
5.15 Enclosure-Related Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 188
5.15.1 Display Enclosure Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 189
5.15.2 Display Enclosure Status . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 189

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5.16 Flashing the Firmware . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 189
5.16.1 Flash the Firmware with the ROM File . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 189
5.16.2 Flash the Firmware in Mode 0 with the ROM File . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 189
5.17 SAS Topology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 190
5.18 Diagnostic-Related Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 190
5.18.1 Start Controller Diagnostics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 190
5.18.2 Start Battery Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 190
5.19 Recovery (Snapshot)-Related Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 190
5.19.1 Enable the Snapshot Feature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 191
5.19.2 Disable the Snapshot Feature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 191
5.19.3 Take Snapshot of Volume . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 191
5.19.4 Set the Snapshot Properties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 192
5.19.5 Delete a Snapshot . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 192
5.19.6 Create a View . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 193
5.19.7 Delete a View . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 193
5.19.8 Rollback to an Old Snapshot . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 193
5.19.9 Display Snapshot and View Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 194
5.19.10 Clean the Recoverable Free Space on the Drives in a Virtual Drive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 194
5.19.11 Display the Information for a Specific View . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 194
5.20 FastPath-related Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 194
5.21 Miscellaneous Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 195
5.21.1 Display the MegaCLI Version . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 195
5.21.2 Display Help for MegaCLI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 195
5.21.3 Summary Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 195
Chapter 6: MegaRAID Storage Manager Overview and Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 197
6.1 Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 197
6.1.1 Creating Storage Configurations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 197
6.1.2 Monitoring Storage Devices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 197
6.1.3 Maintaining Storage Configurations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 197
6.2 Hardware and Software Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 197
6.3 Prerequisites to Running MSM Remote Administration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 198
6.4 Installing MegaRAID Storage Manager . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 198
6.4.1 Prerequisite for MSM Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 198
6.4.2 Installing MegaRAID Storage Manager Software on Microsoft Windows . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 199
6.4.3 Installing MegaRAID Storage Manager Software for Linux . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 202
6.4.4 Linux Error Messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 203
6.5 MegaRAID Storage Manager Support and Installation on VMWare . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 203
6.5.1 Installing MegaRAID Storage Manager for VMWare Classic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 203
6.5.2 Uninstalling MegaRAID Storage Manager for VMWare . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 204
6.5.3 Installing MegaRAID Storage Manager Support on the VMWare ESX Operating System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 204
6.5.4 Limitations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 209
6.5.5 Running MSM on VMWare ESX 3.5i U2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 211
6.6 Installing and Configuring a CIM Provider . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 212
6.6.1 Installing a CIM SAS Storage Provider on Linux . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 213
6.6.2 Installing a CIM SAS Storage Provider on Windows . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 214
6.7 Installing and Configuring an SNMP Agent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 214
6.7.1 Prerequisite for LSI SNMP Agent RPM Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 214
6.7.2 Installing and Configuring an SNMP Agent on Linux . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 214
6.7.3 Installing and Configuring an SNMP Agent on Solaris . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 216

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6.7.4 Installing an SNMP Agent on Windows . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 218
6.8 MegaRAID Storage Manager Support and Installation on Solaris 10 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 219
6.8.1 Installing MegaRAID Storage Manager Software for Solaris 10 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 219
6.8.2 Uninstalling MegaRAID Storage Manager Software for Solaris 10 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 219
6.9 Prerequisites to Running MSM Remote Administration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 220
Chapter 7: MegaRAID Storage Manager Window and Menus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 221
7.1 Starting MegaRAID Storage Manager Software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 221
7.2 MegaRAID Storage Manager Main Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 223
7.2.1 Dashboard/PhysicalView/Logical View . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 224
7.2.2 Properties/Graphical View Tabs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 228
7.2.3 Event Log Panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 229
7.2.4 Menu Bar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 229
Chapter 8: Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 231
8.1 Creating a New Storage Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 231
8.1.1 Selecting Virtual Drive Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 231
8.1.2 Creating a Virtual Drive Using Simple Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 233
8.1.3 Creating a Virtual Drive Using Advanced Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 236
8.2 Adding Hot Spare Drives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 242
8.3 Changing Adjustable Task Rates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 242
8.4 Changing Power Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 244
8.5 Changing Virtual Drive Properties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 246
8.6 Changing a Virtual Drive Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 247
8.6.1 Accessing the Modify Drive Group Wizard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 248
8.6.2 Adding a Drive or Drives to a Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 249
8.6.3 Removing a Drive from a Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 251
8.6.4 Replacing a Drive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 252
8.6.5 Migrating the RAID Level of a Virtual Drive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 252
8.6.6 New Drives Attached to a MegaRAID Controller . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 255
8.7 Deleting a Virtual Drive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 255
Chapter 9: Monitoring System Events and Storage Devices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 257
9.1 Monitoring System Events . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 257
9.2 Configuring Alert Notifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 258
9.2.1 Setting Alert Delivery Methods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 260
9.2.2 Changing Alert Delivery Methods for Individual Events . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 260
9.2.3 Changing the Severity Level for Individual Events . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 261
9.2.4 Entering or Editing the Sender Email Address and SMTP Server . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 262
9.2.5 Authenticating a Server . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 263
9.2.6 Saving Backup Configurations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 263
9.2.7 Loading Backup Configurations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 264
9.2.8 Adding Email Addresses of Recipients of Alert Notifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 264
9.2.9 Testing Email Addresses of Recipients of Alert Notifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 265
9.2.10 Removing Email Addresses of Recipients of Alert Notifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 265
9.3 Monitoring Controllers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 266
9.4 Monitoring Drives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 266
9.5 Running a Patrol Read . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 268
9.5.1 Patrol Read Task Rates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 270
9.6 Monitoring Virtual Drives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 270

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9.7 Monitoring Enclosures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 271
9.8 Monitoring Battery Backup Units . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 272
9.8.1 Battery Learn Cycle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 272
9.9 Monitoring Rebuilds and Other Processes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 273
Chapter 10: Maintaining and Managing Storage Configurations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 275
10.1 Initializing a Virtual Drive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 275
10.1.1 Running a Group Initialization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 275
10.2 Running a Consistency Check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 276
10.2.1 Setting the Consistency Check Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 277
10.2.2 Scheduling a Consistency Check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 278
10.2.3 Running a Group Consistency Check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 279
10.3 Scanning for New Drives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 280
10.4 Rebuilding a Drive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 280
10.5 Making a Drive Offline or Missing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 281
10.6 Upgrading the Firmware . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 281
Chapter 11: Using MegaRAID® Advanced Software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 283
11.1 MegaRAID Advanced Software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 283
11.2 Recovery Advanced Software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 283
11.2.1 MegaRAID Recovery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 283
11.2.2 Recovery Scenarios . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 284
11.2.3 Enabling the Recovery Advanced Software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 284
11.2.4 Creating Snapshots . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 287
11.2.5 Creating Views . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 288
11.2.6 Restoring by Rolling Back to a Snapshot . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 288
11.2.7 Restoring from a View . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 289
11.2.8 Deleting a Snapshot . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 289
11.2.9 Clearing Snapshots . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 289
11.3 CacheCade Advanced Software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 290
11.3.1 Using the CacheCade Advanced Software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 290
11.4 FastPath Advanced Software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 294
11.4.1 Setting FastPath Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 294
11.5 LSI SafeStore Encryption Services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 295
11.5.1 Enabling Drive Security . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 295
11.5.2 Changing the Drive Security Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 299
11.5.3 Disabling Drive Security . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 300
11.5.4 Importing or Clearing a Foreign Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 301
Appendix A: Events and Messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 305
A.1 Error Levels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 305
A.2 Event Messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 305
Appendix B: MegaCLI Error Messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 317
B.1 Error Messages and Descriptions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 317
Appendix C: Glossary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 321

LSI Corporation Confidential | June 2010

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Table of Contents

Page 10

MegaRaid SAS Software User Guide

LSI Corporation Confidential | June 2010

MegaRaid SAS Software User Guide

Chapter 1: Overview | SAS Technology

Chapter 1
Overview
This chapter provides an overview of this guide, which documents the utilities used toconfigure, monitor, and maintain MegaRAID® Serial-attached SCSI (SAS) RAID
controllers with RAID control capabilities and the storage-related devices connected tothem.
This guide explains how to use the MegaRAID Storage Manager™ software, the
WebBIOS configuration utility, and the MegaRAID command line interface (CLI). This
chapter documents SAS technology, Serial ATA (SATA) technology, solid state disk (SSD)
technology, Dimmer Switch™, EUFI 2.0, configuration scenarios, and drive types.

1.1

SAS Technology

The MegaRAID 6Gb/s SAS RAID controllers are high-performance intelligent PCI
Express-to-SCSI/Serial ATA II controllers with RAID control capabilities. MegaRAID 6Gb/s
SAS RAID controllers provide reliability, high performance, and fault-tolerant disk
subsystem management. They are an ideal RAID solution for the internal storage of
workgroup, departmental, and enterprise systems. MegaRAID 6Gb/s SAS RAID
controllers offer a cost-effective way to implement RAID in a server.
SAS technology brings a wealth of options and flexibility with the use of SAS devices,
Serial ATA (SATA) II devices, and SSD devices within the same storage infrastructure.
These devices bring individual characteristics that make each one a more suitablechoice depending on your storage needs. MegaRAID gives you the flexibility to
combine these two similar technologies on the same controller, within the sameenclosure, and in the same virtual drive.
NOTE: LSI recommends that you carefully assess any decision to mix SAS drives andSATA drives within the same virtual drives. Although you can mix drives, LSI strongly
discourages the practice. This recommendation applies to both HDDs and SSDs.
The MegaRAID 6Gb/s SAS RAID controllers are based on the LSI first-to-market SAS IC
technology and proven MegaRAID technology. As second-generation PCI Express RAID
controllers, the MegaRAID SAS RAID controllers address the growing demand forincreased data throughput and scalability requirements across midrange andenterprise-class server platforms. LSI offers a family of MegaRAID SAS RAID controllers
addressing the needs for both internal and external solutions.

LSI Corporation Confidential | June 2010

Page 11

Chapter 1: Overview | Serial-attached SCSI Device Interface

MegaRaid SAS Software User Guide

The SAS controllers support the ANSI Serial Attached SCSI standard, version 1.1. In
addition, the controller supports the SATA II protocol defined by the Serial ATA
specification, version 1.0a. Supporting both the SAS and SATA II interfaces, the SAScontroller is a versatile controller that provides the backbone of both server
environments and high-end workstation environments.
Each port on the SAS RAID controller supports SAS devices, SATA II devices, or SSD
devices using the following protocols:

1.2
Serial-attached SCSI
Device Interface



SAS Serial SCSI Protocol (SSP), which enables communication with other SAS
devices

SATA II, which enables communication with other SATA II devices

Serial Management Protocol (SMP), which communicates topology management
information directly with an attached SAS expander deviceSerial Tunneling Protocol (STP), which enables communication with a SATA II device
through an attached expander

SAS is a serial, point-to-point, enterprise-level device interface that leverages theproven SCSI protocol set. SAS is a convergence of the advantages of SATA II, SCSI, andFibre Channel, and is the future mainstay of the enterprise and high-end workstation
storage markets. SAS offers a higher bandwidth per pin than parallel SCSI, and it
improves signal and data integrity.
The SAS interface uses the proven SCSI command set to ensure reliable data transfers,
while providing the connectivity and flexibility of point-to-point serial data transfers.
The serial transmission of SCSI commands eliminates clock-skew challenges. The SASinterface provides improved performance, simplified cabling, smaller connectors, lower
pin count, and lower power requirements when compared to parallel SCSI.
SAS controllers leverage a common electrical and physical connection interface that iscompatible with Serial ATA technology. The SAS and SATA II protocols use a thin, 7-wireconnector instead of the 68-wire SCSI cable or 26-wire ATA cable. The SAS/SATA II
connector and cable are easier to manipulate, allow connections to smaller devices,and do not inhibit airflow. The point-to-point SATA II architecture eliminates inherent
difficulties created by the legacy ATA master-slave architecture, while maintaining
compatibility with existing ATA firmware.

1.3

Serial ATA II Features

The SATA bus is a high-speed, internal bus that provides a low pin count, low voltage
level bus for device connections between a host controller and a SATA device.
The following list describes the SATA II features of the RAID controllers:Page 12Supports SATA II data transfers of 3.0 Gb/s

Supports STP data transfers of 3.0 Gb/s



Provides a serial, point-to-point storage interface

Simplifies cabling between devicesEliminates the master-slave construction used in parallel ATAAllows addressing of multiple SATA II targets through an expanderAllows multiple initiators to address a single target (in a fail-over configuration)
through an expander

LSI Corporation Confidential | June 2010

Chapter 1: Overview | Solid State Drive Features

MegaRaid SAS Software User Guide

1.4

Solid State Drive Features

MegaRAID firmware supports SSD drives attached to MegaRAID SAS controllers. These
drives are expected to behave like SATA HDDs or SAS HDDs. The major advantages of
SSD drives include:High random read speed (because there is no read-write head to move)High performance-to-power ratio, as these drives have very low power
consumption compared to HDDs



Low latency

High mechanical reliability

Lower weight and size (for low-capacity SSD drives)

The features and operations on SSD drives are the same as for hard disk drives (HDD).
NOTE: MegaRAID implements support for only those SATA SSD drives which support
ATA-8 ACS compliance.
You can choose whether to allow a virtual drive to consist of both SSD devices and
HDDs. For a virtual drive that consists of SSDs only, you can choose whether to allow
SAS SSD drives and SATA SSD drives in that virtual drive. For virtual drives that haveboth SSDs and HDDs, you can choose whether to mix SAS and SATA HDD drives with
SAS and SATA SSD devices in various combinations.l
NOTE: Support for SATA SDD drives applies only to those drives that support ATA-8 ACS
compliance.
1.4.1

Solid State Drive Guard

SSDs are known for their reliability and performance. SSD Guard™, a feature that is
unique to MegaRAID, increases the reliability of SSDs by automatically copying datafrom a drive with potential to fail to a designated hot spare or newly inserted drive.
Because SSDs are very reliable, non-redundant RAID 0 configurations are much morecommon than in the past. SSD Guard offers added data protection for RAID 0
configurations.
SSD Guard works by looking for a predictive failure while monitoring the SDD S.M.A.R.T.
(Self-Monitoring, Analysis and Reporting Technology) error log. If errors indicate a SSD
failure is imminent, MegaRAID starts a rebuild to preserve the data on the SSD andsends appropriate warning event notifications.

1.5

Dimmer Switch FeaturePowering and cooling drives represents a major cost for data centers. The new
MegaRAID Dimmer Switch reduces the power consumption of the devices connected
to a MegaRAID controller. This helps to share resources more efficiently and lower costs.
With Dimmer Switch, any unconfigured drive connected to a MegaRAID controller isspun down after 30 minutes of inactivity, reducing its power usage. Spun down drives
are spun up automatically when you create a configuration using those drives.

LSI Corporation Confidential | June 2010

Page 13

Chapter 1: Overview | UEFI 2.0 Support

1.6

UEFI 2.0 Support

MegaRaid SAS Software User Guide

Significant challenges face operating system and platform developers to innovateusing the legacy PC-AT BIOS boot environment. These include memory constraints,
maintenance challenges, and increased complexities due to a lack of industry-widestandards.
To handle these challenges, the Unified Extensible Firmware Interface (UEFI) was
developed to do the following:

Define a clean interface between operating systems and the hardware platform atboot time.

Support an architecture-independent mechanism for initializing
add-in cards.

UEFI 2.0 provides MegaRAID customers with expanded platform support. The
MegaRAID UEFI 2.0 driver, a boot service device driver, handles block IO requests and
SCSI pass-through commands (SPT), and offers the ability to launch pre-boot
MegaRAID management applications through a driver configuration protocol (DCP).
The UEFI driver also supports driver diagnostic protocol, which allows administrators toaccess pre-boot diagnostics.

1.7

Configuration Scenarios

There are three main scenarios in which you can use the SAS RAID controllers:

Low-end, internal SATA II configurations: In this configuration, use the RAID
controller as a high-end SATA II compatible controller that connects up to eightdisks either directly or through a port expander. This configuration is mostly for
low-end or entry servers. Enclosure management is provided through out-of-band
I2C bus. Side bands of both types of internal SAS connectors support the SFF-8485(SGPIO) interface.

Midrange internal SAS configurations: This configuration is like the internal SATA
II configurations, but with high-end disks. This configuration is more suitable forlow-range to midrange servers.

High-end external SAS/SATA II configurations: This configuration is for bothinternal connectivity and external connectivity, using SATA II drives, SAS drives, orboth. External enclosure management is supported through in-band,
SCSI-enclosed storage. The configuration must support STP and SMP.

Figure 1 shows a direct-connect configuration. The Inter-IC (I2C) interface
communicates with peripherals. The external memory bus provides a 32-bit memorybus, parity checking, and chip select signals for pipelined synchronous burst static
random access memory (PSBRAM), nonvolatile static random access memory(NVSRAM), and Flash ROM.
NOTE: The external memory bus is 32-bit for the SAS 8704ELP and the SAS 8708ELP,
and 64-bit for the SAS 8708EM2, the SAS 8880EM2, and the SAS 8888ELP.

Page 14LSI Corporation Confidential | June 2010

Chapter 1: Overview | Configuration Scenarios

MegaRaid SAS Software User Guide

SAS/SATA II Device

SAS/SATA II Device

SAS
PCI Express
RAID Controller

32-Bit Memory
Address/DataBus

SAS/SATA II Device

I2C
Interface

Flash ROM/PSBRAM/
NVSRAM
I2C

SAS/SATA II Device

PCI Express Interface

Figure 1:

Example of an LSI SAS Direct-Connect Application

Figure 2 shows an example of a SAS RAID controller configured with an LSISASx12
expander that is connected to SAS disks, SATA II disks, or both.
PCI Express Interface
8

SAS RAID Controller
LSISAS1078
PCI Express to SAS ROC

SAS/SATA
DrivesLSISASx12
Expander

SAS/SATA II
DrivesFigure 2:

1.7.1
Valid Drive Mix Configurations
with HDDs and SSDs

SAS/SATA II
Drives

PeripheralBus
72-bit DDR/DDR2
with ECCInterface

Flash ROM/NVSRAM/
I2C/UART
SRAM
SDRAM
SRAM

LSISASx12
Expander

SAS/SATA II
Drives

SAS/SATA II
DrivesExample of an LSI SAS RAID Controller Configured with an LSISASx12
ExpanderYou can allow a virtual drive to consist of both SSDs and HDDs.
For virtual drives that have both SSDs and HDDs, you can choose whether to mix SAS
drives and SATA drives on the SSD devices.
You can choose whether to allow a virtual drive to consist of both SSD devices and
HDDs. For a virtual drive that consists of SSDs only, you can choose whether to allow
SAS SSD drives and SATA SSD drives in that virtual drive. For virtual drives that haveboth SSDs and HDDs, you can choose whether to mix SAS and SATA HDD drives with
SAS and SATA SSD devices in various combinations.

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Chapter 1: Overview | Technical Support

MegaRaid SAS Software User Guide

Table 1 lists the valid drive mix configurations you can use when you create virtual
drives and allow HDD and SSD mixing. The valid drive mix configurations are based on
manufacturer settings.
Table 1:

Valid Drive Mix Configurations#

Valid Drive Mix Configurations

1.

SAS HDD with SAS SDD (SAS-only configuration)

2.

SATA HDD with SATA SSD (SATA-only configuration)

3.

SAS HDD with a mix of SAS and SATA SSD (a SATA HDD cannot be added)

4.

SATA HDD with a mix of SAS and SATA SSD (a SAS HDD cannot be added)

5.

SAS SSD with a mix of SAS and SATA HDD (a SATA SSD cannot be added)

6.

SATA SSD with a mix of SAS and SATA HDD (a SAS SSD cannot be added)

7.

A mix of SAS and SATA HDD with a mix of SAS and SATA SSD

8.

A SSD cannot be added to a HDD, but a SAS/SATA mix is allowed.

NOTE: Only one of the valid configurations listed in Table 1 is allowed based on yourcontroller card manufacturing setting.

NOTE: The valid drive mix also applies to hot spares. For hot spare information, see
Section 2.4.12, Hot Spares, on page 24.

1.8

Technical Support

For assistance with installing, configuring, or running your MegaRAID 6Gb/s SAS RAID
controller, contact an LSI Technical Support representative:
Click the following link to access the LSI Technical Support page for storage and board
support:http://www.lsi.com/support/storage/tech_support/index.html
From this page, you can send an email or call a Technical Support representative, or
submit a new service request and view its status.
E-mail:http://www.lsi.com/support/support_form.html
Phone Support:
http://www.lsi.com/support/storage/phone_tech_support/index.html
1-800-633-4545 (North America)
00-800-5745-6442 (International)

Page 16

LSI Corporation Confidential | June 2010

Chapter 2: Introduction to RAID | RAID Description

MegaRaid SAS Software User Guide

Chapter 2
Introduction to RAID
This chapter describes RAID (Redundant Array of Independent Disks), RAID functions
and benefits, RAID components, RAID levels, and configuration strategies. In addition, it
defines the RAID availability concept, and offers tips for configuration planning.
2.1

RAID Description

RAID is an array, or group, of multiple independent physical drives that provide highperformance and fault tolerance. A RAID drive group improves I/O (input/output)
performance and reliability. The RAID drive group appears to the host computer as asingle storage unit or as multiple virtual units. I/O is expedited because several drives
can be accessed simultaneously.

2.2

RAID Benefits

RAID drive groups improve data storage reliability and fault tolerance compared tosingle-drive storage systems. Data loss resulting from a drive failure can be prevented
by reconstructing missing data from the remaining drives. RAID has gained popularity
because it improves I/O performance and increases storage subsystem reliability.

2.3

RAID Functions

Virtual drives are drive groups or spanned drive groups that are available to theoperating system. The storage space in a virtual drive is spread across all of the drives inthe drive group.
Your drives must be organized into virtual drives in a drive group and they must be able
to support the RAID level that you select. Below are some common RAID functions:

2.4
Components andFeatures

LSI Corporation Confidential | June 2010Creating hot spare drivesConfiguring drive groups and virtual drives

Initializing one or more virtual drives

Accessing controllers, virtual drives, and drives individually

Rebuilding failed drives

Verifying that the redundancy data in virtual drives using RAID level 1, 5, 6, 10, 50, or
60 is correct

Reconstructing virtual drives after changing RAID levels or adding a drive to a drive
group



Selecting a host controller to work on

RAID levels describe a system for ensuring the availability and redundancy of datastored on large disk subsystems. See Section 2.5, RAID Levels for detailed information
about RAID levels. The following subsections describes the components of RAID drivegroups and RAID levels.

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Chapter 2: Introduction to RAID | Components and Features

MegaRaid SAS Software User Guide

2.4.1

Drive GroupA drive group is a group of physical drives. These drives are managed in partitions
known as virtual drives.

2.4.2

Virtual Drive

A virtual drive is a partition in a drive group that is made up of contiguous data
segments on the drives. A virtual drive can consist of an entire drive group, more than
one entire drive group, a part of a drive group, parts of more than one drive group, or a
combination of any two of these conditions.

2.4.3

Fault Tolerance

Fault tolerance is the capability of the subsystem to undergo a drive failure or failures
without compromising data integrity, and processing capability. The RAID controller
provides this support through redundant drive groups in RAID levels 1, 5, 6, 10, 50, and
60. The system can still work properly even with drive failure in a drive group, though
performance can be degraded to some extent.
In a span of RAID 1 drive groups, each RAID 1 drive group has two drives and cantolerate one drive failure. The span of RAID 1 drive groups can contain up to 32 drives,
and tolerate up to 16 drive failures - one in each drive group. A RAID 5 drive group cantolerate one drive failure in each RAID 5 drive group. A RAID 6 drive group can tolerate
up to two drive failures.
Each spanned RAID 10 virtual drive can tolerate multiple drive failures, as long as eachfailure is in a separate drive group. A RAID 50 virtual drive can tolerate two drive
failures, as long as each failure is in a separate drive group. RAID 60 drive groups cantolerate up to two drive failures in each drive group.
NOTE: RAID level 0 is not fault tolerant. If a drive in a RAID 0 drive group fails, the wholevirtual drive (all drives associated with the virtual drive) will fail.
Fault tolerance is often associated with system availability because it allows the system
to be available during the failures. However, this means that it is also important for thesystem to be available during the repair of the problem.
A hot spare is an unused drive that, in case of a disk failure in a redundant RAID drivegroup, can be used to rebuild the data and re-establish redundancy. After the hot spareis automatically moved into the RAID drive group, the data is automatically rebuilt on
the hot spare drive. The RAID drive group continues to handle requests while therebuild occurs.
Auto-rebuild allows a failed drive to be replaced and the data automatically rebuilt by“hot-swapping” the drive in the same drive bay. The RAID drive group continues tohandle requests while the rebuild occurs.

2.4.3.1

Page 18

Multipathing

The firmware provides support for detecting and using multiple paths from the RAID
controllers to the SAS devices that are in enclosures. Devices connected to enclosures
have multiple paths to them. With redundant paths to the same port of a device, if one
path fails, another path can be used to communicate between the controller and thedevice. Using multiple paths with load balancing, instead of a single path, can increase
reliability through redundancy.

LSI Corporation Confidential | June 2010

Chapter 2: Introduction to RAID | Components and Features

MegaRaid SAS Software User Guide

Applications show the enclosures and the drives connected to the enclosures. The
firmware dynamically recognizes new enclosures added to a configuration along with
their contents (new drives). In addition, the firmware dynamically adds the enclosure
and its contents to the management entity currently in-use.
Multipathing provides the following features:Support for failover, in the event of path failureAuto-discovery of new or restored paths while the system is online, and reversion tosystem load balancing policyMeasurable bandwidth improvement to the multi-path deviceSupport for changing the load balancing path while the system is online

The firmware determines whether enclosure modules (ESMs) are part of the sameenclosure. When a new enclosure module is added (allowing multi-path) or removed(going single path), an Asynchronous Event Notification (AEN) is generated. AENs
about drives contain correct information about the "enclosure", when the drives areconnected by multiple paths. The enclosure module detects partner ESMs and issue
events appropriately.
In a system with two ESMs, you can replace one of the ESMs without affecting thevirtual drive availability. For example, the controller can run heavy I/Os, and when you
replace one of the ESM modules, I/Os should not stop. The controller uses different
paths to balance the load on the entire system.
In the MegaRAID Storage Manager utility, when multiple paths are available to a drive,the drive information will show only one enclosure. The utility shows that a redundant
path is available to a drive. All drives with a redundant path display this information.
The firmware supports online replacement of enclosure modules.
2.4.4

Consistency Check

The Consistency Check operation verifies correctness of the data in virtual drives thatuse RAID levels 1, 5, 6, 10, 50, and 60. (RAID 0 does not provide data redundancy). For
example, in a system with parity, checking consistency means computing the data on
one drive and comparing the results to the contents of the parity drive.
NOTE: It is recommended that you perform a consistency check at least once a month.

2.4.5

Copyback

The copyback feature allows you to copy data from a source drive of a virtual drive to a
destination drive that is not a part of the virtual drive. Copyback is often used to create
or restore a specific physical configuration for a drive group (for example, a specificarrangement of drive group members on the device I/O buses). Copyback can be run
automatically or manually.
Typically, when a drive fails or is expected to fail, the data is rebuilt on a hot spare. The
failed drive is replaced with a new disk. Then the data is copied from the hot spare to
the new drive, and the hot spare reverts from a rebuild drive to its original hot sparestatus. The copyback operation runs as a background activity, and the virtual drive is
still available online to the host.

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Copyback is also initiated when the first Self-Monitoring Analysis and Reporting
Technology (SMART) error occurs on a drive that is part of a virtual drive. The
destination drive is a hot spare that qualifies as a rebuild drive. The drive with the
SMART error is marked as "failed" only after the successful completion of the copyback.
This avoids putting the drive group in degraded status.
NOTE: During a copyback operation, if the drive group involved in the copyback isdeleted because of a virtual drive deletion, the destination drive reverts to an
Unconfigured Good state or hot spare state.
Order of Precedence. In the following scenarios, rebuild takes precedence over the
copyback operation:

If a copyback operation is already taking place to a hot spare drive, and any virtual
drive on the controller degrades, the copyback operation aborts, and a rebuild
starts. The rebuild changes the virtual drive to the optimal state.

The rebuild operation takes precedence over the copyback operation when theconditions exist to start both operations. For example:— Where the hot spare is not configured (or unavailable) in the system.
— There are two drives (both members of virtual drives), with one drive exceeding
the SMART error threshold, and the other failed.
— If you add a hot spare (assume a global hot spare) during a copyback operation,
the copyback is aborted, and the rebuild operation starts on the hot spare.

2.4.6

Background Initialization

Background initialization is a check for media errors on the drives when you create avirtual drive. It is an automatic operation that starts five minutes after you create thevirtual drive. This check ensures that striped data segments are the same on all of thedrives in the drive group.
Background initialization is similar to a consistency check. The difference between thetwo is that a background initialization is forced on new virtual drives and a consistency
check is not.
New RAID 5 virtual drives and new RAID 6 virtual drives require a minimum number ofdrives for a background initialization to start. If there are fewer drives, the backgroundinitialization does not start. The following number of drives are required:— New RAID 5 virtual drives must have at least five drives for backgroundinitialization to start.
— New RAID 6 virtual drives must have at least seven drives for backgroundinitialization to start.
The default and recommended background initialization rate is 30 percent. Before youchange the rebuild rate, you must stop the background initialization or the rate change
will not affect the background initialization rate. After you stop backgroundinitialization and change the rebuild rate, the rate change takes effect when you restartbackground initialization.

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2.4.7

Patrol Read

Patrol read involves the review of your system for possible drive errors that could leadto drive failure and then action to correct errors. The goal is to protect data integrity bydetecting drive failure before the failure can damage data. The corrective actions
depend on the drive group configuration and the type of errors.
Patrol read starts only when the controller is idle for a defined period of time and noother background tasks are active, though it can continue to run during heavy I/Oprocesses.
You can use the MegaRAID Command Tool or the MegaRAID Storage Manager to selectthe patrol read options, which you can use to set automatic or manual operation, or
disable patrol read. See Section 5.7, Controller Property-Related Options or Section 9.5,
Running a Patrol Read.

2.4.8

Disk Striping

Disk striping allows you to write data across multiple drives instead of just one drive.
Disk striping involves partitioning each drive storage space into stripes that can vary insize from 8 KB to 1024 KB. These stripes are interleaved in a repeated sequential
manner. The combined storage space is composed of stripes from each drive. It is
recommended that you keep stripe sizes the same across RAID drive groups.
For example, in a four-disk system using only disk striping (used in RAID level 0),
segment 1 is written to disk 1, segment 2 is written to disk 2, and so on. Disk striping
enhances performance because multiple drives are accessed simultaneously, but disk
striping does not provide data redundancy.

Segment 1
Segment 5
Segment 9

Figure 3:

2.4.9

Segment 2
Segment 6
Segment 10

Segment 3
Segment 7
Segment 11

Segment 4
Segment 8
Segment 12

Example of Disk Striping (RAID 0)

2.4.8.1

Stripe Width

Stripe width is the number of drives involved in a drive group where striping is
implemented. For example, a four-disk drive group with disk striping has a stripe widthof four.

2.4.8.2

Stripe Size

The stripe size is the length of the interleaved data segments that the RAID controller
writes across multiple drives, not including parity drives. For example, consider a stripethat contains 64 KB of disk space and has 16 KB of data residing on each disk in the
stripe. In this case, the stripe size is 64 KB and the strip size is 16 KB.

2.4.8.3

Strip Size

The strip size is the portion of a stripe that resides on a single drive.

Disk Mirroring

LSI Corporation Confidential | June 2010

With mirroring (used in RAID 1 and RAID 10), data written to one drive is simultaneously
written to another drive. The primary advantage of disk mirroring is that it provides 100
percent data redundancy. Because the contents of the disk are completely written to asecond disk, data is not lost if one disk fails. In addition, both drives contain the samedata at all times, so either disk can act as the operational disk. If one disk fails, thecontents of the other disk can be used to run the system and reconstruct the failed disk.

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Disk mirroring provides 100 percent redundancy, but is expensive because each drivein the system must be duplicated. Figure 4 shows an example of disk mirroring.

Segment 1
Segment 2
Segment 3
Segment 4

Figure 4:
2.4.10

Segment 1 DuplicatedSegment 2 DuplicatedSegment 3 DuplicatedSegment 4 DuplicatedExample of Disk Mirroring (RAID 1)

Parity generates a set of redundancy data from two or more parent data sets. The
redundancy data can be used to reconstruct one of the parent data sets in the event ofa drive failure. Parity data does not fully duplicate the parent data sets, but parity
generation can slow the write process. In RAID, this method is applied to entire drives
or stripes across all of the drives in a drive group. The types of parity are described inTable 2.

ParityTable 2:

Types of Parity

Parity Type

Description

Dedicated

The parity data on two or more drives is stored on an additional disk.

Distributed

The parity data is distributed across more than one drive in the system.

RAID 5 combines distributed parity with disk striping. If a single drive fails, it can berebuilt from the parity and the data on the remaining drives. An example of a RAID 5
drive group is shown in Figure 5. RAID 5 uses parity to provide redundancy for one
drive failure without duplicating the contents of entire drives. RAID 6 uses distributed
parity and disk striping, also, but adds a second set of parity data so that it can survive
up to two drive failures.

Segment 1
Segment 7

Segment 2
Segment 8

Segment 3
Segment 9

Segment 4
Segment 10

Segment 13
Segment 19
Segment 25
Parity (26–30)

Segment 14
Segment 20
Parity (21-25)
Segment 26

Segment 15
Parity (16-20)
Segment 21
Segment 27

Parity (11–15)
Segment 16
Segment 22
Segment 28

Segment 5
Parity (6-10)
Segment 11
Segment 17
Segment 23
Segment 29

Parity (1-5)
Segment 6
Segment 12
Segment 18
Segment 24
Segment 30

Note: Parity is distributed across all drives in the drive group.

Figure 5:

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Example of Distributed Parity (RAID 5)

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2.4.11

Disk Spanning

Disk spanning allows multiple drives to function like one big drive. Spanningovercomes lack of disk space and simplifies storage management by combining
existing resources or adding relatively inexpensive resources. For example, four 20 GB
drives can be combined to appear to the operating system as a single 80 GB drive.
Spanning alone does not provide reliability or performance enhancements. Spanned
virtual drives must have the same stripe size and must be contiguous. In Figure 6, RAID
1 drive groups are turned into a RAID 10 drive group.
NOTE: Make sure that the spans are in different backplanes, so that if one span fails, you
do not lose the whole drive group.

60 GB

60 GB
Can Be Accessed as
One 120-GB Drive

Figure 6:

60 GB

60 GB
Can Be Accessed as
One 120-GB Drive

Example of Disk Spanning

Spanning two contiguous RAID 0 virtual drives does not produce a new RAID level or
add fault tolerance. It does increase the capacity of the virtual drive and improves
performance by doubling the number of spindles.
2.4.11.1 Spanning for RAID 00,
RAID 10, RAID 50, and RAID 60

Table 3 describes how to configure RAID 00, RAID 10, RAID 50, and RAID 60 byspanning. The virtual drives must have the same stripe size and the maximum numberof spans is eight. The full drive capacity is used when you span virtual drives; youcannot specify a smaller drive capacity.
See Chapter 8, Configuration for detailed procedures for configuring drive groups andvirtual drives, and spanning the drives.
Table 3:

Spanning for RAID 10, RAID 50, and RAID 60

Level

LSI Corporation Confidential | June 2010

Description

00

Configure RAID 00 by spanning two contiguous RAID 0 virtual drives, up to
the maximum number of supported devices for the controller.

10

Configure RAID 10 by spanning two contiguous RAID 1 virtual drives, up to
the maximum number of supported devices for the controller. RAID 10
supports a maximum of eight spans. You must use an even number of drives
in each RAID virtual drive in the span. The RAID 1 virtual drives must havethe same stripe size.

50

Configure RAID 50 by spanning two contiguous RAID 5 virtual drives. The
RAID 5 virtual drives must have the same stripe size.

60

Configure RAID 60 by spanning two contiguous RAID 6 virtual drives. The
RAID 6 virtual drives must have the same stripe size.

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2.4.12

Hot Spares

MegaRaid SAS Software User Guide

A hot spare is an extra, unused drive that is part of the disk subsystem. It is usually instandby mode, ready for service if a drive fails. Hot spares permit you to replace failed
drives without system shutdown or user intervention. MegaRAID SAS RAID controllers
can implement automatic and transparent rebuilds of failed drives using hot spare
drives, providing a high degree of fault tolerance and zero downtime.
NOTE: When running RAID 0 and RAID 5 virtual drives on the same set of drives (a sliced
configuration), a rebuild to a hot spare will not occur after a drive failure until the
RAID 0 virtual drive is deleted.
The RAID management software allows you to specify drives as hot spares. When a hotspare is needed, the RAID controller assigns the hot spare that has a capacity closest to
and at least as great as that of the failed drive to take the place of the failed drive. The
failed drive is removed from the virtual drive and marked ready awaiting removal once
the rebuild to a hot spare begins. You can make hot spares of the drives that are not in a
RAID virtual drive.
You can use the RAID management software to designate the hot spare to haveenclosure affinity, meaning that if there are drive failures present on a split backplaneconfiguration, the hot spare will be used first on the backplane side that it resides in.
If the hot spare is designated as having enclosure affinity, it will attempt to rebuild any
failed drives on the backplane that it resides in before rebuilding any other drives onother backplanes.
NOTE: If a rebuild to a hot spare fails for any reason, the hot spare drive will be marked
as "failed". If the source drive fails, both the source drive and the hot spare drive will bemarked as "failed".
There are two types of hot spares:Global hot spare

Dedicated hot spare

2.4.12.1 Global Hot Spare

A global hot spare drive can be used to replace any failed drive in a redundant drivegroup as long as its capacity is equal to or larger than the coerced capacity of the failed
drive. A global hot spare defined on any channel should be available to replace a failed
drive on both channels.

2.4.12.2 Dedicated Hot Spare

A dedicated hot spare can be used to replace a failed drive only in a selected drivegroup. One or more drives can be designated as a member of a spare drive pool. The
most suitable drive from the pool is selected for fail over. A dedicated hot spare is used
before one from the global hot spare pool.
Hot spare drives can be located on any RAID channel. Standby hot spares (not being
used in RAID drive group) are polled every 60 seconds at a minimum, and their status
made available in the drive group management software. RAID controllers offer theability to rebuild with a disk that is in a system, but not initially set to be a hot spare.

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Observe the following parameters when using hot spares:

2.4.13

Disk RebuildsHot spares are used only in drive groups with redundancy: RAID levels 1, 5, 6, 10, 50,
and 60.



A hot spare connected to a specific RAID controller can be used to rebuild a drivethat is connected to the same controller only.

You must assign the hot spare to one or more drives through the controller BIOS or
use drive group management software to place it in the hot spare pool.



A hot spare must have free space equal to or greater than the drive it replaces. For
example, to replace an 18-GB drive, the hot spare must be 18 GB or larger.

When a drive in a RAID drive group fails, you can rebuild the drive by recreating thedata that was stored on the drive before it failed. The RAID controller recreates the datausing the data stored on the other drives in the drive group. Rebuilding can be done
only in drive groups with data redundancy, which includes RAID 1, 5, 6, 10, 50, and 60
drive groups.
The RAID controller uses hot spares to rebuild failed drives automatically andtransparently, at user-defined rebuild rates. If a hot spare is available, the rebuild canstart automatically when a drive fails. If a hot spare is not available, the failed drive must
be replaced with a new drive so that the data on the failed drive can be rebuilt.
The failed drive is removed from the virtual drive and marked ready awaiting removal
when the rebuild to a hot spare begins. If the system goes down during a rebuild, the
RAID controller automatically restarts the rebuild after the system reboots.
NOTE: When the rebuild to a hot spare begins, the failed drive is often removed fromthe virtual drive before management applications detect the failed drive. When thisoccurs, the events logs show the drive rebuilding to the hot spare without showing thefailed drive. The formerly failed drive will be marked as "ready" after a rebuild begins toa hot spare.

NOTE: If a source drive fails during a rebuild to a hot spare, the rebuild fails, and thefailed source drive is marked as offline. In addition, the rebuilding hot spare drive ischanged back to a hot spare. After a rebuild fails because of a source drive failure, thededicated hot spare is still dedicated and assigned to the correct drive group, and theglobal hot spare is still global.
An automatic drive rebuild will not start if you replace a drive during a RAID-levelmigration. The rebuild must be started manually after the expansion or migration
procedure is complete. (RAID-level migration changes a virtual drive from one RAID
level to another. )2.4.14

Rebuild Rate

LSI Corporation Confidential | June 2010

The rebuild rate is the percentage of the compute cycles dedicated to rebuilding failed
drives. A rebuild rate of 100 percent means that the system gives priority to rebuilding
the failed drives.

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The rebuild rate can be configured between 0 percent and 100 percent. At 0 percent,the rebuild is done only if the system is not doing anything else. At 100 percent, therebuild has a higher priority than any other system activity. Using 0 or 100 percent is
not recommended. The default rebuild rate is 30 percent.
2.4.15

Hot Swap

A hot swap is the manual replacement of a defective drive unit while the computer isstill running. When a new drive has been installed, a rebuild will occur automatically if:


The newly inserted drive is the same capacity as or larger than the failed drive.



It is placed in the same drive bay as the failed drive it is replacing.

The RAID controller can be configured to detect the new drives and rebuild thecontents of the drive automatically.
2.4.16

Drive States

A drive state is a property indicating the status of the drive. The drive states aredescribed in Table 4.
Table 4:

Drive States

State

Description

OnlineA drive that can be accessed by the RAID controller and is part of the virtual
drive.

UnconfiguredGood

A drive that is functioning normally but is not configured as a part of avirtual drive or as a hot spare.

Hot Spare

A drive that is powered up and ready for use as a spare in case an online
drive fails.

FailedA drive that was originally configured as Online or Hot Spare, but on which
the firmware detects an unrecoverable error.

Rebuild

A drive to which data is being written to restore full redundancy for a virtual
drive.

Unconfigured Bad A drive on which the firmware detects an unrecoverable error; the drive was
Unconfigured Good or the drive could not be initialized.
Missing

A drive that was Online but which has been removed from its location.

OfflineA drive that is part of a virtual drive but which has invalid data as far as the
RAID configuration is concerned.
When a virtual drive with cached data goes offline, the cache for the virtual
drive is discarded. Because the virtual drive is offline, the cache cannot besaved.

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2.4.17

Virtual Drive States

The virtual drive states are described in Table 5.
Table 5:

Virtual Drive StatesState

2.4.18

Beep Codes

Description

OptimalThe virtual drive operating condition is good. All configured drives areonline.

Degraded

The virtual drive operating condition is not optimal. One of the configured
drives has failed or is offline.

Partial Degraded

The operating condition in a RAID 6 virtual drive is not optimal. One of theconfigured drives has failed or is offline. RAID 6 can tolerate up to two drive
failures.

FailedThe virtual drive has failed.

Offline

The virtual drive is not available to the RAID controller.

An alarm sounds on the MegaRAID controller when a virtual drive changes from an
optimal state to another state, when a hot spare rebuilds, and for test purposes.
Table 6:

Beep Codes, Events, and Virtual Drive States
Event

Virtual Drive State

Beep CodeRAID 0 virtual drive loses 1 or morevirtual drives

Offline3 seconds on and 1 second off

RAID 1 loses a mirror drive

Degraded

1 second on and 1 second off

RAID 1 loses both drives

Offline3 seconds on and 1 second off

RAID 5 loses 1 drive

Degraded

1 second on and 1 second off

RAID 5 loses 2 or more drives

Offline3 seconds on and 1 second off

RAID 6 loses 1 drive

Partially
Degraded

1 second on and 1 second off

RAID 6 loses 2 drives

Degraded

1 second on and 1 second off

RAID 6 loses more than 2 drives

Offline3 seconds on and 1 second off

A hot spare completes the rebuild
process and is brought into a drive
group

N/A

1 second on and 3 seconds off

2.4.19Enclosure Management

Enclosure management is the intelligent monitoring of the disk subsystem by software
and/or hardware. The disk subsystem can be part of the host computer or can reside inan external disk enclosure. Enclosure management helps you stay informed of eventsin the disk subsystem, such as a drive or power supply failure. Enclosure management
increases the fault tolerance of the disk subsystem.

2.5

RAID Levels

The RAID controller supports RAID levels 0, 00, 1, 5, 6, 10, 50, and 60. The supported
RAID levels are summarized in the following section.
In addition, it supports independent drives (configured as RAID 0 and RAID 00.) The
following sections describe the RAID levels in detail.

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2.5.1

Summary of RAID Levels

MegaRaid SAS Software User Guide

RAID 0 uses striping to provide high data throughput, especially for large files in anenvironment that does not require fault tolerance.
RAID 1 uses mirroring so that data written to one drive is simultaneously written toanother drive. This is good for small databases or other applications that require small
capacity but complete data redundancy.
RAID 5 uses disk striping and parity data across all drives (distributed parity) to provide
high data throughput, especially for small random access.
RAID 6 uses distributed parity, with two independent parity blocks per stripe, and disk
striping. A RAID 6 virtual drive can survive the loss of two drives without losing data. A
RAID 6 drive group, which requires a minimum of three drives, is similar to a RAID 5
drive group. Blocks of data and parity information are written across all drives. The
parity information is used to recover the data if one or two drives fail in the drive group.
A RAID 00 drive group is a spanned drive group that creates a striped set from a seriesof RAID 0 drive groups.
RAID 10, a combination of RAID 0 and RAID 1, consists of striped data across mirrored
spans. A RAID 10 drive group is a spanned drive group that creates a striped set from aseries of mirrored drives. RAID 10 allows a maximum of eight spans. You must use aneven number of drives in each RAID virtual drive in the span. The RAID 1 virtual drives
must have the same stripe size. RAID 10 provides high data throughput and complete
data redundancy but uses a larger number of spans.
RAID 50, a combination of RAID 0 and RAID 5, uses distributed parity and disk striping.
A RAID 50 drive group is a spanned drive group in which data is striped across multiple
RAID 5 drive groups. RAID 50 works best with data that requires high reliability, highrequest rates, high data transfers, and medium-to-large capacity.
NOTE: Having virtual drives of different RAID levels, such as RAID 0 and RAID 5, in thesame drive group is not allowed. For example, if an existing RAID 5 virtual drive is createdout of partial space in an array, the next virtual drive in the array has to be R5 only.
RAID 60, a combination of RAID 0 and RAID 6, uses distributed parity, with two
independent parity blocks per stripe in each RAID set, and disk striping. A RAID 60
virtual drive can survive the loss of two drives in each of the RAID 6 sets without losing
data. It works best with data that requires high reliability, high request rates, high datatransfers, and medium-to-large capacity.

2.5.2

Page 28

Selecting a RAID Level

To ensure the best performance, you should select the optimal RAID level when you
create a system drive. The optimal RAID level for your drive group depends on anumber of factors:
The number of drives in the drive groupThe capacity of the drives in the drive groupThe need for data redundancyThe disk performance requirements

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2.5.3

RAID 0RAID 0 provides disk striping across all drives in the RAID drive group. RAID 0 does notprovide any data redundancy, but, along with RAID 0, does offer the best performanceof any RAID level. RAID 0 breaks up data into smaller segments, and then stripes thedata segments across each drive in the drive group. The size of each data segment isdetermined by the stripe size. RAID 0 offers high bandwidth.
NOTE: RAID level 0 is not fault tolerant. If a drive in a RAID 0 drive group fails, the wholevirtual drive (all drives associated with the virtual drive) will fail.
By breaking up a large file into smaller segments, the RAID controller can use both SAS
drives and SATA drives to read or write the file faster. RAID 0 involves no parity
calculations to complicate the write operation. This makes RAID 0 ideal for applications
that require high bandwidth but do not require fault tolerance. Table 7 provides an
overview of RAID 0. Figure 7 provides a graphic example of a RAID 0 drive group.
Table 7:

RAID 0 Overview

Uses

Provides high data throughput, especially for large files. Any environmentthat does not require fault tolerance.

Strong Points

Provides increased data throughput for large files.
No capacity loss penalty for parity.

Weak Points

Does not provide fault tolerance or high bandwidth.
All data lost if any drive fails.

Drives1 to 32

Segment 1
Segment 3
Segment 5
Segment 7

Figure 7:
2.5.4

RAID 1

RAID 0 Drive Group Example with Two Drives

In RAID 1, the RAID controller duplicates all data from one drive to a second drive in thedrive group. RAID 1 supports an even number of drives from 2 to 32 in a single span.
RAID 1 provides complete data redundancy, but at the cost of doubling the required
data storage capacity. Table 8 provides an overview of RAID 1. Figure 8 provides agraphic example of a RAID 1 drive group.
Table 8:Uses

LSI Corporation Confidential | June 2010

Segment 2
Segment 4
Segment 6
Segment 8

RAID 1 Overview
Use RAID 1 for small databases or any other environment that requires fault
tolerance but small capacity.

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Table 8:

RAID 1 Overview

Strong Points

Provides complete data redundancy. RAID 1 is ideal for any application that
requires fault tolerance and minimal capacity.

Weak Points

Requires twice as many drives. Performance is impaired during drive
rebuilds.

Drives

2 - 32 (must be an even number of drives)

Segment 1

Segment 1
Duplicate

Segment 2

Segment 2
Duplicate

Segment 3

Segment 3
Duplicate

Segment 4

Segment 4
Duplicate

Segment 5

Segment 5
Duplicate

Segment 6

Segment 6
Duplicate

7
Segment 7 Segment
Duplicate...

Segment 8

Segment 8
Duplicate

...

...

RAID1

RAID1

Figure 8:
2.5.5

RAID 5

RAID1

...
RAID1

RAID 1 Drive GroupRAID 5 includes disk striping at the block level and parity. Parity is the data’s property of
being odd or even, and parity checking is used to detect errors in the data. In RAID 5,
the parity information is written to all drives. RAID 5 is best suited for networks that
perform a lot of small input/output (I/O) transactions simultaneously.
RAID 5 addresses the bottleneck issue for random I/O operations. Because each drive
contains both data and parity, numerous writes can take place concurrently.
Table 9 provides an overview of RAID 5. Figure 9 provides a graphic example of a RAID 5
drive group.
Table 9:Page 30

RAID 5 Overview

Uses

Provides high data throughput, especially for large files. Use RAID 5 fortransaction processing applications because each drive can read and write
independently. If a drive fails, the RAID controller uses the parity drive torecreate all missing information. Use also for office automation and online
customer service that requires fault tolerance. Use for any application thathas high read request rates but low write request rates.

Strong Points

Provides data redundancy, high read rates, and good performance in mostenvironments. Provides redundancy with lowest loss of capacity.

Weak Points

Not well-suited to tasks requiring lot of writes. Suffers more impact if nocache is used (clustering). Drive performance will be reduced if a drive isbeing rebuilt. Environments with few processes do not perform as wellbecause the RAID overhead is not offset by the performance gains inhandling simultaneous processes.

Drives3 to 32

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Segment 1
Segment 7

Segment 2
Segment 8

Segment 3
Segment 9

Segment 4
Segment 10

Segment 13
Segment 19
Segment 25
Parity (26–30)

Segment 14
Segment 20
Parity (21-25)
Segment 26

Segment 15
Parity (16-20)
Segment 21
Segment 27

Parity (11–15)
Segment 16
Segment 22
Segment 28

Segment 5
Parity (6-10)
Segment 11
Segment 17
Segment 23
Segment 29

Parity (1-5)
Segment 6
Segment 12
Segment 18
Segment 24
Segment 30

Note: Parity is distributed across all drives in the drive group.

Figure 9:
2.5.6

RAID 6

RAID 5 Drive Group with Six Drives

RAID 6 is similar to RAID 5 (disk striping and parity), except that instead of one parity
block per stripe, there are two. With two independent parity blocks, RAID 6 can survive
the loss of two drives in a virtual drive without losing data. Provides a high level of dataprotection through the use of a second parity block in each stripe. Use RAID 6 for datathat requires a very high level of protection from loss.
In the case of a failure of one drive or two drives in a virtual drive, the RAID controller
uses the parity blocks to recreate all of the missing information. If two drives in a RAID 6
virtual drive fail, two drive rebuilds are required, one for each drive. These rebuilds do
not occur at the same time. The controller rebuilds one failed drive, and then the otherfailed drive.
Table 10 provides an overview of a RAID 6 drive group.
Table 10: RAID 6 Overview
Uses

Use for office automation and online customer service that requires fault
tolerance. Use for any application that has high read request rates but low
write request rates.

Strong Points

Provides data redundancy, high read rates, and good performance in mostenvironments. Can survive the loss of two drives or the loss of a drive while
another drive is being rebuilt. Provides the highest level of protection
against drive failures of all of the RAID levels. Read performance is similar tothat of RAID 5.

Weak Points

Not well-suited to tasks requiring a lot of writes. A RAID 6 virtual drive has togenerate two sets of parity data for each write operation, which results in asignificant decrease in performance during writes. Drive performance isreduced during a drive rebuild. Environments with few processes do not
perform as well because the RAID overhead is not offset by the performancegains in handling simultaneous processes. RAID 6 costs more because of theextra capacity required by using two parity blocks per stripe.

Drives3 to 32

Figure 2.5.7 shows a RAID 6 data layout. The second set of parity drives are denoted by
Q. The P drives follow the RAID 5 parity scheme.

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Segment 1
Segment 6

Segment 2
Segment 7

Segment 3
Segment 8

Segment 4
Parity (P5-P8)

Segment 11
Segment 16
Parity (P17-P20)

Segment 12
Parity (P13-P16)
Parity (Q17-Q20)

Parity (P9-P12)
Parity (Q13-Q16)
Segment 17

Parity (Q9–Q12)
Segment 13
Segment 18

Parity (P1-P4)
Parity (Q5-Q8)
Segment 9
Segment 14
Segment 19

Parity (Q1-Q4)
Segment 5
Segment 10
Segment 15
Segment 20

Note: Parity is distributed across all drives in the drive group.

Figure 10:
2.5.7

RAID 00

Example of Distributed Parity across Two Blocks in a Stripe (RAID 6)

A RAID 00 drive group is a spanned drive group that creates a striped set from a seriesof RAID 0 drive groups. RAID 00 does not provide any data redundancy, but, along with
RAID 0, does offer the best performance of any RAID level. RAID 00 breaks up data into
smaller segments and then stripes the data segments across each drive in the drivegroups. The size of each data segment is determined by the stripe size. RAID 00 offers
high bandwidth.
NOTE: RAID level 00 is not fault tolerant. If a drive in a RAID 0 drive group fails, the wholevirtual drive (all drives associated with the virtual drive) will fail.
By breaking up a large file into smaller segments, the RAID controller can use both SAS
drives and SATA drives to read or write the file faster. RAID 00 involves no parity
calculations to complicate the write operation. This makes RAID 00 ideal for
applications that require high bandwidth but do not require fault tolerance. Table 11
provides an overview of RAID 00. Figure 11 provides a graphic example of a RAID 00
drive group.
Table 11: RAID 00 Overview

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Uses

Provides high data throughput, especially for large files. Any environmentthat does not require fault tolerance.

Strong Points

Provides increased data throughput for large files.
No capacity loss penalty for parity.

Weak Points

Does not provide fault tolerance or high bandwidth.
All data lost if any drive fails.

Drives2 to 256

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RAID 00

Segment 1

Segment 2

Segment 3

Segment 4

Segment 5

Segment 6

Segment 7

Segment 8

Segment 9

Segment 10

Segment 11

Segment 12

Segment 13

Segment 14

Segment 15

Segment 16

Segment 17...

Segment 18

Segment 19...

Segment 20

Segment 21...

Segment 22

Segment 23...

Segment 24

RAID 0RAID 0RAID 0RAID 0RAID 0Figure 11:
2.5.8

RAID 10

RAID 00 Drive Group Example with Two Drives

RAID 10 is a combination of RAID 0 and RAID 1, and consists of stripes across mirrored
drives. RAID 10 breaks up data into smaller blocks and then mirrors the blocks of data
to each RAID 1 drive group. The first RAID 1 drive in each drive group then duplicates its
data to the second drive. The size of each block is determined by the stripe size
parameter, which is set during the creation of the RAID set. The RAID 1 virtual drives
must have the same stripe size.
Spanning is used because one virtual drive is defined across more than one drivegroup. Virtual drives defined across multiple RAID 1 level drive groups are referred to as
RAID level 10, (1+0). Data is striped across drive groups to increase performance byenabling access to multiple drive groups simultaneously.
Each spanned RAID 10 virtual drive can tolerate multiple drive failures, as long as eachfailure is in a separate drive group. If there are drive failures, less than total drive
capacity is available.
Configure RAID 10 by spanning two contiguous RAID 1 virtual drives, up to the
maximum number of supported devices for the controller. RAID 10 supports a
maximum of eight spans, with a maximum of 32 drives per span. You must use an evennumber of drives in each RAID 10 virtual drive in the span.
NOTE: Other factors, such as the type of controller, can restrict the number of drives
supported by RAID 10 virtual drives.
Table 12 provides an overview of RAID 10.
Table 12: RAID 10 Overview

LSI Corporation Confidential | June 2010

Uses

Appropriate when used with data storage that needs 100 percent
redundancy of mirrored drive groups and that also needs the enhanced I/O
performance of RAID 0 (striped drive groups.) RAID 10 works well for
medium-sized databases or any environment that requires a higher degreeof fault tolerance and moderate to medium capacity.

Strong Points

Provides both high data transfer rates and complete data redundancy.

Weak Points

Requires twice as many drives as all other RAID levels except RAID 1.

Drives

4 - The maximum number of drives supported by the controller (using aneven number of drives in each RAID 10 virtual drive in the span)

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In Figure 12, virtual drive 0 is created by distributing data across four drive groups(drive groups 0 through 3).

RAID 10Segment 1

Segment 1
Duplicate

Segment 2

Segment 2
Duplicate

Segment 3

Segment 3
Duplicate

Segment 4

Segment 4
Duplicate

Segment 5

Segment 5
Duplicate

Segment 6

Segment 6
Duplicate

7
Segment 7 Segment
Duplicate...

Segment 8

Segment 8
Duplicate

...

...
RAID1

RAID1

RAID1

...
RAID1

RAID 0Figure 12:
2.5.9

RAID 50

RAID 10 Level Virtual Drive

RAID 50 provides the features of both RAID 0 and RAID 5. RAID 50 includes both parityand disk striping across multiple drive groups. RAID 50 is best implemented on two
RAID 5 drive groups with data striped across both drive groups.
RAID 50 breaks up data into smaller blocks and then stripes the blocks of data to each
RAID 5 disk set. RAID 5 breaks up data into smaller blocks, calculates parity by
performing an exclusive-or on the blocks and then writes the blocks of data and parity
to each drive in the drive group. The size of each block is determined by the stripe size
parameter, which is set during the creation of the RAID set.
RAID level 50 can support up to eight spans and tolerate up to eight drive failures,
though less than total drive capacity is available. Though multiple drive failures can be
tolerated, only one drive failure can be tolerated in each RAID 5 level drive group.

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Table 13 provides an overview of RAID 50.
Table 13: RAID 50 Overview
Uses

Appropriate when used with data that requires high reliability, high request
rates, high data transfer, and medium to large capacity.

Strong Points

Provides high data throughput, data redundancy, and very good
performance.

Weak Points

Requires 2 to 8 times as many parity drives as RAID 5.

DrivesEight spans of RAID 5 drive groups containing 3-32 drives each (limited by
the maximum number of devices supported by the controller)

RAID 50

Segment 1

Segment 2(Segment 1,2)

Segment 3

Segment 4(Segment 3,4)

Segment 6(Segment 5,6)

Segment 5

Segment 8(Segment 7,8)

Segment 7(Segment 9,10)

Segment 9

Segment 10(Segment 11,12)

Segment 11

Segment 12

RAID 5

RAID 5
RAID 0Figure 13:
2.5.10RAID 60

RAID 50 Level Virtual Drive

RAID 60 provides the features of both RAID 0 and RAID 6, and includes both parity anddisk striping across multiple drive groups. RAID 6 supports two independent parity
blocks per stripe. A RAID 60 virtual drive can survive the loss of two drives in each of the
RAID 6 sets without losing data. RAID 60 is best implemented on two RAID 6 drivegroups with data striped across both drive groups.
RAID 60 breaks up data into smaller blocks, and then stripes the blocks of data to each
RAID 6 disk set. RAID 6 breaks up data into smaller blocks, calculates parity by
performing an exclusive-or on the blocks and then writes the blocks of data and parity
to each drive in the drive group. The size of each block is determined by the stripe size
parameter, which is set during the creation of the RAID set.

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RAID 60 can support up to 8 spans and tolerate up to 16 drive failures, though less than
total drive capacity is available. Two drive failures can be tolerated in each RAID 6 level
drive group.
Table 14: RAID 60 Overview
Uses

Provides a high level of data protection through the use of a second parity
block in each stripe. Use RAID 60 for data that requires a very high level ofprotection from loss.
In the case of a failure of one drive or two drives in a RAID set in a virtual
drive, the RAID controller uses the parity blocks to recreate all of the missing
information. If two drives in a RAID 6 set in a RAID 60 virtual drive fail, two
drive rebuilds are required, one for each drive. These rebuilds can occur atthe same time.
Use for office automation and online customer service that requires fault
tolerance. Use for any application that has high read request rates but low
write request rates.

Strong Points

Provides data redundancy, high read rates, and good performance in mostenvironments. Each RAID 6 set can survive the loss of two drives or the lossof a drive while another drive is being rebuilt. Provides the highest level ofprotection against drive failures of all of the RAID levels. Read performance issimilar to that of RAID 50, though random reads in RAID 60 might be slightly
faster because data is spread across at least one more disk in each RAID 6 set.

Weak Points

Not well suited to tasks requiring lot of writes. A RAID 60 virtual drive has togenerate two sets of parity data for each write operation, which results in asignificant decrease in performance during writes. Drive performance isreduced during a drive rebuild. Environments with few processes do not
perform as well because the RAID overhead is not offset by the performancegains in handling simultaneous processes. RAID 6 costs more because of theextra capacity required by using two parity blocks per stripe.

DrivesA minimum of 8

Figure 14 shows a RAID 6 data layout. The second set of parity drives are denoted by Q.
The P drives follow the RAID 5 parity scheme.

RAID
60

Segment 1

Parity (P3-P4)

Segment 2
Parity (Q3-Q4)

Parity (Q1-Q2)

Parity (P1-P2)

Segment 3

Segment 4

Parity (Q3-Q4)

Segment 8

Parity (P3-P4)

Segment 7

Segment 6

Parity (Q5-Q6)

Parity (P5-P6)

Parity (Q11–Q12)

Parity (P11-P12)

Segment 11

Segment 12

Parity (Q9–Q10)

Parity (P9-P10)
Segment 13

Segment 9

Segment 5
Segment 10

Segment 14

Parity (Q13-Q14)

Parity (P15-P16)

Segment 15

Segment 16

Parity (Q15-Q16)

Parity (P13-P14)

RAID 6

RAID 6

RAID 0Note: Parity is distributed across all drives in the drive group.

Figure 14:

2.6
RAID Configuration
Strategies

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RAID 60 Level Virtual Drive

The most important factors in RAID drive group configuration are:

Virtual drive availability (fault tolerance)

Virtual drive performance

Virtual drive capacity

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MegaRaid SAS Software User Guide

You cannot configure a virtual drive that optimizes all three factors, but it is easy tochoose a virtual drive configuration that maximizes one factor at the expense ofanother factor. For example, RAID 1 (mirroring) provides excellent fault tolerance, but
requires a redundant drive.
The following subsections describe how to use the RAID levels to maximize virtual
drive availability (fault tolerance), virtual drive performance, and virtual drive capacity.
2.6.1

Maximizing Fault Tolerance

Fault tolerance is achieved through the ability to perform automatic and transparent
rebuilds using hot spare drives and hot swaps. A hot spare drive is an unused online
available drive that the RAID controller instantly plugs into the system when an active
drive fails. After the hot spare is automatically moved into the RAID drive group, thefailed drive is automatically rebuilt on the spare drive. The RAID drive group continues
to handle requests while the rebuild occurs.
A hot swap is the manual substitution of a replacement unit in a disk subsystem for a
defective one, where the substitution can be performed while the subsystem isrunninghot swap drives. Auto-Rebuild in the WebBIOS Configuration Utility allows afailed drive to be replaced and automatically rebuilt by “hot-swapping” the drive in thesame drive bay. The RAID drive group continues to handle requests while the rebuild
occurs, providing a high degree of fault tolerance and zero downtime.

Table 15: RAID Levels and Fault Tolerance
RAID
Level

Fault Tolerance

0

Does not provide fault tolerance. All data is lost if any drive fails. Disk striping writes data across multiple drives instead of just one drive.
It involves partitioning each drive storage space into stripes that can vary in size. RAID 0 is ideal for applications that require highbandwidth but do not require fault tolerance.

1

Provides complete data redundancy. If one drive fails, the contents of the other drive in the drive group can be used to run the system
and reconstruct the failed drive.
The primary advantage of disk mirroring is that it provides 100 percent data redundancy. Since the contents of the drive are completely
written to a second drive, no data is lost if one of the drives fails. Both drives contain the same data at all times. RAID 1 is ideal for any
application that requires fault tolerance and minimal capacity.

5

Combines distributed parity with disk striping. Parity provides redundancy for one drive failure without duplicating the contents ofentire drives. If a drive fails, the RAID controller uses the parity data to reconstruct all missing information. In RAID 5, this method isapplied to entire drives or stripes across all drives in a drive group. Using distributed partiy, RAID 5 offers fault tolerance with limited
overhead.

6

Combines distributed parity with disk striping. RAID 6 can sustain two drive failures and still maintain data integrity. Parity provides
redundancy for two drive failures without duplicating the contents of entire drives. If a drive fails, the RAID controller uses the parity
data to reconstruct all missing information. In RAID 6, this method is applied to entire drives or stripes across all of the drives in a drivegroup. Using distributed partiy, RAID 6 offers fault tolerance with limited overhead.

00

Does not provide fault tolerance. All data in a virtual drive is lost if any drive in that virtual drive fails. Disk striping writes data acrossmultiple drives instead of just one drive. It involves partitioning each drive storage space into stripes that can vary in size. RAID 00 is
ideal for applications that require high bandwidth but do not require fault tolerance.

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Table 15: RAID Levels and Fault Tolerance (Continued)
RAID
Level

Fault Tolerance

10

Provides complete data redundancy using striping across spanned RAID 1 drive groups. RAID 10 works well for any environment that
requires the 100 percent redundancy offered by mirrored drive groups. RAID 10 can sustain a drive failure in each mirrored drive groupand maintain drive integrity.

50

Provides data redundancy using distributed parity across spanned RAID 5 drive groups. RAID 50 includes both parity and disk striping
across multiple drives. If a drive fails, the RAID controller uses the parity data to recreate all missing information. RAID 50 can sustain
one drive failure per RAID 5 drive group and still maintain data integrity.

60

Provides data redundancy using distributed parity across spanned RAID 6 drive groups. RAID 60 can sustain two drive failures per RAID
6 drive group and still maintain data integrity. It provides the highest level of protection against drive failures of all of the RAID levels.
RAID 60 includes both parity and disk striping across multiple drives. If a drive fails, the RAID controller uses the parity data to recreate
all missing information.

2.6.2

Maximizing Performance

A RAID disk subsystem improves I/O performance. The RAID drive group appears to thehost computer as a single storage unit or as multiple virtual units. I/O is faster because
drives can be accessed simultaneously. Table 16 describes the performance for each
RAID level.

Table 16: RAID Levels and Performance
RAID
Level

Performance0

RAID 0 (striping) offers excellent performance. RAID 0 breaks up data into smaller blocks and then writes a block to each drive in thedrive group. Disk striping writes data across multiple drives instead of just one drive. It involves partitioning each drive storage space
into stripes that can vary in size from 8 KB to 1024 KB. These stripes are interleaved in a repeated sequential manner. Disk striping
enhances performance because multiple drives are accessed simultaneously.

1

With RAID 1 (mirroring), each drive in the system must be duplicated, which requires more time and resources than striping.
Performance is impaired during drive rebuilds.

5

RAID 5 provides high data throughput, especially for large files. Use this RAID level for any application that requires high read request
rates, but low write request rates, such as transaction processing applications, because each drive can read and write independently.
Since each drive contains both data and parity, numerous writes can take place concurrently. In addition, robust caching algorithms
and hardware based exclusive-or assist make RAID 5 performance exceptional in many different environments.
Parity generation can slow the write process, making write performance significantly lower for RAID 5 than for RAID 0 or RAID 1. Drive
performance is reduced when a drive is being rebuilt. Clustering can also reduce drive performance. Environments with few processes
do not perform as well because the RAID overhead is not offset by the performance gains in handling simultaneous processes.

6

RAID 6 works best when used with data that requires high reliability, high request rates, and high data transfer. It provides high data
throughput, data redundancy, and very good performance. However, RAID 6 is not well suited to tasks requiring a lot of writes. A RAID
6 virtual drive has to generate two sets of parity data for each write operation, which results in a significant decrease in performance
during writes. Drive performance is reduced during a drive rebuild. Environments with few processes do not perform as well because
the RAID overhead is not offset by the performance gains in handling simultaneous processes.

00

RAID 00 (striping in a spanned drive group) offers excellent performance. RAID 00 breaks up data into smaller blocks and then writes a
block to each drive in the drive groups. Disk striping writes data across multiple drives instead of just one drive. Striping involves
partitioning each drive storage space into stripes that can vary in size from 8 KB to 1024 KB. These stripes are interleaved in a repeatedsequential manner. Disk striping enhances performance because multiple drives are accessed simultaneously.

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Table 16: RAID Levels and Performance (Continued)
RAID
Level

Performance

10

RAID 10 works best for data storage that need the enhanced I/O performance of RAID 0 (striped drive groups), which provides highdata transfer rates. Spanning increases the capacity of the virtual drive and improves performance by doubling the number of spindles.
The system performance improves as the number of spans increases. (The maximum number of spans is eight.) As the storage space inthe spans is filled, the system stripes data over fewer and fewer spans and RAID performance degrades to that of a RAID 1 or RAID 5
drive group.

50

RAID 50 works best when used with data that requires high reliability, high request rates, and high data transfer. It provides high data
throughput, data redundancy, and very good performance. Spanning increases the capacity of the virtual drive and improves
performance by doubling the number of spindles. The system performance improves as the number of spans increases. (The maximum
number of spans is eight.) As the storage space in the spans is filled, the system stripes data over fewer and fewer spans and RAID
performance degrades to that of a RAID 1 or RAID 5 drive group.

60

RAID 60 works best when used with data that requires high reliability, high request rates, and high data transfer. It provides high data
throughput, data redundancy, and very good performance. Spanning increases the capacity of the virtual drive and improves
performance by doubling the number of spindles. The system performance improves as the number of spans increases. (The maximum
number of spans is eight.) As the storage space in the spans is filled, the system stripes data over fewer and fewer spans and RAID
performance degrades to that of a RAID 1 or RAID 6 drive group.
RAID 60 is not well suited to tasks requiring a lot of writes. A RAID 60 virtual drive has to generate two sets of parity data for each write
operation, which results in a significant decrease in performance during writes. Drive performance is reduced during a drive rebuild.
Environments with few processes do not perform as well because the RAID overhead is not offset by the performance gains in handlingsimultaneous processes.

2.6.3

Maximizing Storage Capacity

Storage capacity is an important factor when selecting a RAID level. There are several
variables to consider. Striping alone (RAID 0) requires less storage space than mirrored
data (RAID 1) or distributed parity (RAID 5 or RAID 6). RAID 5, which provides
redundancy for one drive failure without duplicating the contents of entire drives,
requires less space then RAID 1. Table 17 explains the effects of the RAID levels on
storage capacity.

Table 17: RAID Levels and Capacity
RAID
Level

Capacity0

RAID 0 (striping) involves partitioning each drive storage space into stripes that can vary in size. The combined storage space iscomposed of stripes from each drive.
RAID 0 provides maximum storage capacity for a given set of drives.

1

With RAID 1 (mirroring), data written to one drive is simultaneously written to another drive, which doubles the required data storage
capacity. This is expensive because each drive in the system must be duplicated.

5

RAID 5 provides redundancy for one drive failure without duplicating the contents of entire drives. RAID 5 breaks up data into smaller
blocks, calculates parity by performing an exclusive-or on the blocks, then writes the blocks of data and parity to each drive in the drivegroup. The size of each block is determined by the stripe size parameter, which is set during the creation of the RAID set.

6

RAID 6 provides redundancy for two drive failures without duplicating the contents of entire drives. However, it requires extra capacity
because it uses two parity blocks per stripe. This makes RAID 60 more expensive to implement.

00

RAID 00 (striping in a spanned drive group) involves partitioning each drive storage space into stripes that can vary in size. The
combined storage space is composed of stripes from each drive. RAID 00 provides maximum storage capacity for a given set of drives.

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Table 17: RAID Levels and Capacity (Continued)
RAID
Level

Capacity

10

RAID 10 requires twice as many drives as all other RAID levels except RAID 1.
RAID 10 works well for medium-sized databases or any environment that requires a higher degree of fault tolerance and moderate tomedium capacity. Disk spanning allows multiple drives to function like one big drive. Spanning overcomes lack of disk space andsimplifies storage management by combining existing resources or adding relatively inexpensive resources.

50

RAID 50 requires two to four times as many parity drives as RAID 5. This RAID level works best when used with data that requires
medium to large capacity.

60

RAID 60 provides redundancy for two drive failures in each RAID set without duplicating the contents of entire drives. However, it
requires extra capacity because a RAID 60 virtual drive has to generate two sets of parity data for each write operation. This makes RAID
60 more expensive to implement.

2.7

RAID Availability

2.7.1

RAID Availability Concept

2.7.1.1

Spare Drives

Data availability without downtime is essential for many types of data processing andstorage systems. Businesses want to avoid the financial costs and customer frustration
associated with failed servers. RAID helps you maintain data availability and avoid
downtime for the servers that provide that data. RAID offers several features, such as
spare drives and rebuilds, that you can use to fix any drive problems, while keeping theservers running and data available. The following subsections describe these features.
You can use spare drives to replace failed or defective drives in a drive group.
A replacement drive must be at least as large as the drive it replaces. Spare drives
include hot swaps, hot spares, and cold swaps.
A hot swap is the manual substitution of a replacement unit in a disk subsystem for a
defective one, where the substitution can be performed while the subsystem isrunning (performing its normal functions).
The backplane and enclosure must support hot swap in order for the functionality towork.
Hot spare drives are drives that power up along with the RAID drives and operate in astandby state. If a drive used in a RAID virtual drive fails, a hot spare automatically takes
its place and the data on the failed drive is rebuilt on the hot spare. Hot spares can beused for RAID levels 1, 5, 6, 10, 50, and 60.
NOTE: If a rebuild to a hot spare fails for any reason, the hot spare drive will be marked
as "failed." If the source drive fails, both the source drive and the hot spare drive will bemarked as "failed."
A cold swap requires that you power down the system before replacing a defective
drive in a disk subsystem.

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2.7.1.2

2.8

Rebuilding

Configuration Planning

If a drive fails in a drive group that is configured as a RAID 1, 5, 6, 10, 50, or 60 virtual
drive, you can recover the lost data by rebuilding the drive. If you have configured hotspares, the RAID controller automatically tries to use them to rebuild failed drives.
Manual rebuild is necessary if no hot spares with enough capacity to rebuild the failed
drives are available.You must insert a drive with enough storage into the subsystembefore rebuilding the failed drive.

Factors to consider when planning a configuration are the number of drives the RAID
controller can support, the purpose of the drive group, and the availability of spare
drives.
Each type of data stored in the disk subsystem has a different frequency of read andwrite activity. If you know the data access requirements, you can more successfully
determine a strategy for optimizing the disk subsystem capacity, availability, andperformance.
Servers that support video on demand typically read the data often, but write data
infrequently. Both the read and write operations tend to be long. Data stored on a
general-purpose file server involves relatively short read and write operations withrelatively small files.

2.9

Number of Drives

Your configuration planning for the SAS RAID controller depends in part on the numberof drives that you want to use in a RAID drive group.
The number of drives in a drive group determines the RAID levels that can besupported. Only one RAID level can be assigned to each virtual drive.

2.9.1

Drive Group Purpose

LSI Corporation Confidential | June 2010

Important factors to consider when creating RAID drive groups include availability,
performance, and capacity. Define the major purpose of the drive group by answering
questions related to these factors, such as the following, which are followed bysuggested RAID levels for each situation:
Will this drive group increase the system storage capacity for general-purpose fileand print servers? Use RAID 5, 6, 10, 50, or 60.

Does this drive group support any software system that must be available 24 hours
per day? Use RAID 1, 5, 6, 10, 50, or 60.

Will the information stored in this drive group contain large audio or video files thatmust be available on demand? Use RAID 0 or 00.

Will this drive group contain data from an imaging system? Use RAID 0, 00, or 10.

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Fill out Table 18 to help you plan the drive group configuration. Rank the requirements
for your drive group, such as storage space and data redundancy, in order ofimportance, and then review the suggested RAID levels.
Table 18: Factors to Consider for Drive Group Configuration
Requirement

Page 42

Rank

Suggested RAID Level(s)Storage space

RAID 0, RAID 5, RAID 00

Data redundancy

RAID 5, RAID 6, RAID 10, RAID 50, RAID 60

Drive performance and throughput

RAID 0, RAID 00, RAID 10

Hot spares (extra drives required)

RAID 1, RAID 5, RAID 6, RAID 10, RAID 50,
RAID 60

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Chapter 3: SafeStore Disk Encryption | Overview

MegaRaid SAS Software User Guide

Chapter 3
SafeStore Disk Encryption
This chapter describes the LSI® SafeStore™ Disk Encryption service. The SafeStore Disk
Encryption service is a collection of features within LSI storage products that supports
self-encrypting disks. SafeStore encryption services supports Local Key Management.
3.1

Overview

The SafeStore Disk Encryption service offers the ability to encrypt data on drives anduse disk-based key management to provide data security. This solution provides dataprotection in the event of theft or loss of physical drives. With self-encrypting drives, if
you remove a drive from its storage system or the server it is housed in, the data on thatdrive is encrypted and useless to anyone who attempts to access without the theappropriate security authorization.
With the SafeStore encryption service, data is encrypted by the drives. You candesignate which data to encrypt at the individual virtual disk (VD) level.
Any encryption solution requires management of the encryption keys. The security
service provides a way to manage these keys. Both the WebBIOS Configuration Utility(Chapter 4) and MegaRAID Storage Manager (Chapter 11) offer procedures that you
can use to manage the security settings for the drives.

3.2

Purpose and Benefits

Security is a growing market concern and requirement. MegaRAID customers arelooking for a comprehensive storage encryption solution to protect data. You can use
the SafeStore encryption service to help protect your data.
In addition, SafeStore local key management removes the administrator from most of
the daily tasks of securing data, thereby reducing user error and decreasing the risk ofdata loss. Also, SafeStore local key management supports instant secure erase of drives
that permanently removes data when repurposing or decommissioning drives. These
services provide a much more secure level of data erasure than other common erasuremethods, such as overwriting or degaussing.

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Chapter 3: SafeStore Disk Encryption | Terminology

3.3

Terminology

MegaRaid SAS Software User Guide

Table 19 describes the terminology related to the SafeStore encryption feature.

Table 19: Terminology used in FDE
OptionDescription

Authenticated Mode

The RAID configuration is keyed to a user password. The password must be provided on system boot toauthenticate the user and facilitate unlocking the configuration for user access to the encrypted data.

Blob

A blob is created by encrypting a key(s) using another key. There are two types of blob in the system –encryption key blob and security key blob.

Key backup

You need to provide the controller with a lock key if the controller is replaced or if you choose to migrate
secure virtual disks. To do this, you must back up the security key.

Password

An optional authenticated mode is supported in which you must provide a password on each boot tomake sure the system boots only if the user is authenticated. Firmware uses the user password to encrypt
the security key in the security key blob stored on the controller.

Re-provisioning

Re-provisioning disables the security system of a device. For a controller, it involves destroying thesecurity key. For SafeStore encrypted drives, when the drive lock key is deleted, the drive is unlocked andany user data on the drive is securely deleted. This does not apply to controller-encrypted drives, because
deleting the virtual disk destroys the encryption keys and causes a secure erase. See Section 3.5, InstantSecure Erase, for information about the instant secure erase feature.

Security Key

A key based on a user-provided string. The controller uses the security key to lock and unlock access to thesecure user data. This key is encrypted into the security key blob and stored on the controller. If the
security key is unavailable, user data is irretrievably lost. You must take all precautions to never lose thesecurity key.

Un-Authenticated Mode

This mode allows controller to boot and unlock access to user configuration without user intervention. In
this mode, the security key is encrypted into a security key blob, stored on the controller, but instead of auser password, an internal key specific to the controller is used to create the security key blob.

Volume Encryption Keys (VEK)

The controller uses the Volume Encryption Keys to encrypt data when a controller-encrypted virtual disk
is created. These keys are not available to the user. The firmware (FW) uses a unique 512-bit key for each
virtual disk. The VEK for the VDs are stored on the physical disks in a VEK blob.

3.4

Workflow

3.4.1

Enable Security

You can enable security on the controller. After you enable security, you have theoption to create secure virtual drives using a security key.
There are three procedures you can perform to create secure virtual drives using asecurity key:

Create the security key identifier

Create the security keyCreate a password (optional)

3.4.1.1 Create the Security Key
Identifier

The security key identifier appears whenever you enter the security key. If you havemultiple security keys, the identifier helps you determine which security key to enter.
The controller provides a default identifier for you. You can use the default or enter yourown identifier.

3.4.1.2

You need to enter the security key to perform certain operations. You can choose astrong security key that the controller suggests.

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CAUTION: If you forget the security key, you will lose access to your data.
3.4.1.3

Create a Password

The password provides additional security. The password should be different from thesecurity key. You can select a setting in the utilities so that you must enter the password
whenever you boot your server.
CAUTION: If you forget the password, you will lose access to your data.
When you use the specified security key identifier, security key, and password, security
will be enabled on the controller.

3.4.2

Change Security

You can change the security settings on the controller, and you have the option tochange the security key identifier, security key, and password. If you have previously
removed any secured drives, you still need to supply the old security key to import
them.
There are three procedures you can perform to change the security settings on thecontroller:Change the security key identifier

Change the security key

Change a password

See Section 4.6, Selecting SafeStore Encryption Services Security Options for theprocedures used to change security options in WebBIOS or Section 11.5, LSI SafeStore
Encryption Services for the procedures used to change security options in MegaRAID
Storage Manager.
3.4.2.1 Change the Security Key
Identifier

You have the option to edit the security key identifier. If you plan to change the security
key, it is highly recommended that you change the security key identifier. Otherwise,
you will not be able to differentiate between the security keys.
You can select whether you want to keep the current security key identifier or enter a
new one. To change the security key identifier, enter a new security key identifier.

3.4.2.2

Change the Security Key

You can choose to keep the current security key or enter a new one. To change thesecurity key, you can either enter the new security key or accept the security key thatthe controller suggests.

3.4.2.3
Word

Add or Change the Pass

You have the option to add a password or change the existing one. To change thepassword, enter the new password. To keep the existing password, enter the current
password. If you choose this option, you must enter the password whenever you bootyour server.
This procedure updates the existing configuration on the controller to use the new
security settings.

3.4.3

Create Secure Virtual Drives

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You can create a secure virtual drive and set their parameters as desired. To create asecure virtual drive, select a configuration method. You can select either simple
configuration or advanced configuration.

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3.4.3.1

Simple Configuration

MegaRaid SAS Software User Guide

If you select simple configuration, select the redundancy type and drive security
method to use for the drive group.
See Section 8.1.2, Creating a Virtual Drive Using Simple Configuration for the procedures
used to select the redundancy type and drive security method for a configuration.

3.4.3.2

Advanced Configuration

If you select advanced configuration, select the drive security method, and add thedrives to the drive group.
See Section 8.1.3, Creating a Virtual Drive Using Advanced Configuration for theprocedures used to import a foreign configuration.
After the drive group is secured, you cannot remove the security without deleting thevirtual drives.

3.4.4

Import a Foreign Configuration

After you create a security key, you can run a scan for a foreign configuration andimport a locked configuration. (You can import unsecured or unlocked configurations
when security is disabled.) A foreign configuration is a RAID configuration that alreadyexists on a replacement set of drives that you install in a computer system. WebBIOS
Configuration Utility and MSM allows you to import the existing configuration to the
RAID controller or clear the configuration so you can create a new one.
See Section 4.6.4, Importing Foreign Configurations for the procedure used to import aforeign configuration in WebBIOS or Section 11.5.4, Importing or Clearing a Foreign
Configuration for the procedure in MegaRAID Storage Manager.
To import a foreign configuration, you must first enable security to allow importation oflocked foreign drives. If the drives are locked and the controller security is disabled, you
cannot import the foreign drives. Only unlocked drives can be imported when security
is disabled.
After you enable the security, you can import the locked drives. To import the locked
drives, you must provide the security key used to secure them. Verify whether any
drives are left to import as the locked drives can use different security keys. If there areany drives left, repeat the import process for the remaining drives. After all of the drives
are imported, there is no configuration to import.

3.5

Instant Secure Erase

Instant Secure Erase is a feature used to erase data from encrypted drives. After the
initial investment for an encrypted disk, there is no additional cost in dollars or time toerase data using the Instant Secure Erase feature.
You can change the encryption key for all MegaRAID RAID controllers that areconnected to encrypted drives. All encrypted drives, whether locked or unlocked,
always have an encryption key. This key is set by the drive and is always active. Whenthe drive is unlocked, the data to host from the drive (on reads) and from the host to
the drive cache (on writes) is always provided. However, when resting on the drive
platters, the data is always encrypted by the drive.
You might not want to lock your drives because you have to manage a password if they
are locked. Even if you do not lock the drives, there is still a benefit to using encrypteddisks.
If you are concerned about data theft or other security issues, you might already invest
in drive disposal costs, and there are benefits to using SafeStore encryption over othertechnologies that exists today, both in terms of the security provided and time saved.

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Chapter 3: SafeStore Disk Encryption | Instant Secure Erase

If the encryption key on the drive changes, the drive cannot decrypt the data on theplatters, effectively erasing the data on the disks. The National Institute of Standards
and Technology (http://www.nist.gov) values this type of data erasure above secure
erase and below physical destruction of the device.
There are three major reasons for using instant secure erase.
If there is a need to repurpose the hard drive for a different application. Youmight need to move the drive to another server to expand storage elsewhere, but thedrive is in use. The data on the drive might contain sensitive data including customer
information that, if lost or divulged, could cause an embarrassing disclosure of asecurity hole. You can use the instant secure erase feature to effectively erase the dataso the drive can be moved to another server or area without concern that old data
could be found.
If there is a need to replace drives. If the amount of data has outgrown the storage
system, and there is no room to expand capacity by adding drives, you might choose topurchase upgrade drives. If the older drives support encryption, you can erase the data
instantly so the new drives can be used.
If there is a need to return a disk for warranty activity. If the drive is beginning toshow SMART predictive failure alerts, you might want to return the drive forreplacement. If so, the drive needs to be effectively erased if there is sensitive data.
Occasionally a drive is in such bad condition that standard erasure applications do notwork. If the drive still allows any access, it might be possible to destroy the encryption
key.

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Chapter 4: WebBIOS Configuration Utility | Overview

MegaRaid SAS Software User Guide

Chapter 4
WebBIOS Configuration Utility
This chapter describes the WebBIOS Configuration Utility (CU), which enables you tocreate and manage RAID configurations on LSI SAS controllers.
4.1

Overview

The WebBIOS CU, unlike the MegaRAID Storage Manager™ software, resides in the SAScontroller BIOS and operates independently of the operating system.
You can use the WebBIOS CU to do the following tasks:Create drive groups and virtual drives for storage configurations



Display controller, virtual drive, drive, and battery backup unit (BBU) properties, andchange parametersDelete virtual drives



Migrate a storage configuration to a different RAID level



Detect configuration mismatchesImport a foreign configuration



Scan devices connected to the controller

Initialize virtual drives

Check configurations for data consistencyCreate a CacheCade™ configuration

The WebBIOS CU provides a configuration wizard to guide you through theconfiguration of virtual drives and drive groups.

4.2

Starting the WebBIOS CU

Follow these steps to start the WebBIOS CU and access the main screen.
1. When the host computer is booting, hold down the <Ctrl> key and press the <H>
key when the following text appears on the screen:
Copyright© LSI Corporation
Press <Ctrl><H> for WebBIOS
The Controller Selection screen appears.
2. If the system has multiple SAS controllers, select a controller.
3. Click Start to continue.
The main WebBIOS CU screen appears.
NOTE: On systems that do not have the PS2 port, you must enable 'port 60/64
emulation' in the System BIOS to emulate USB as PS2. When this option is disabled on
this system, WebBIOS does not work.

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4.3
WebBIOS CU Main Screen
Options

MegaRaid SAS Software User Guide

Figure 15 shows the screen that appears when you start the WebBIOS CU and select acontroller.

Figure 15:

WebBIOS CU Main Screen

In the right frame, the screen shows the virtual drives configured on the controller, andthe drives that are connected to the controller. In addition, the screen indentifies drives
that are foreign or missing.
NOTE: In the list of virtual drives, the drive nodes are sorted based on the order in which
you added the drives to the drive group, rather than the physical slot order that displaysin the physical trees.

NOTE: The minimum screen resolution for WebBIOS is 640x480.
To toggle between the physical view and logical view of the storage devices connectedto the controller, click Physical View or Logical View in the menu in the left frame.
When the physical view screen appears, it shows the drive groups that are configuredon this controller.
For drives in an enclosure, the screen shows the following drive information:

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

Enclosure



Slot



Interface type (such as SAS or SATA)Drive type (HDD or SSD)

Drive size

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Chapter 4: WebBIOS Configuration Utility | WebBIOS CU Main Screen Options

MegaRaid SAS Software User GuideDrive status (such as Online or Unconfigured Good)

The toolbar at the top of the WebBIOS CU has the following buttons, as listed inTable 20.
Table 20: WebBIOS CU Toolbar Icons
Icon

Description
Click this icon to return to the main screen from any other WebBIOS CU
screen.

Click this icon to return to the previous screen that you were viewing.

Click this icon to exit the WebBIOS CU program.

Click this icon to turn off the sound on the onboard controller alarm.

Click this icon to display information about the WebBIOS CU version, browser
version, and HTML interface engine.

Here is a description of the options listed on the left of the main WebBIOS CU screen(the hotkey shortcut for each option is shown in parentheses next to the option name):

LSI Corporation Confidential | June 2010Controller Selection: (Alt+c) Select this option to view the Controller Selection
screen, where you can select a different SAS controller. You can then view
information about the controller and the devices connected to it, or create a new
configuration on the controller.

Controller Properties: (Alt+p) Select this option to view the properties of thecurrently selected SAS controller. For more information, see Section 4.7.1, Viewing
Controller Properties.



Drive Security: (Alt+r) Select this option to encrypt data on the drives and use
disk-based key management for the data security solution. This solution protects
your data in case of theft or loss of physical drives. For more information, see
Section 4.6, Selecting SafeStore Encryption Services Security Options.



Scan Devices: (Alt+s) Select this option to have the WebBIOS CU re-scan thephysical and virtual drives for any changes in the drive status or the physicalconfiguration. The WebBIOS CU displays the results of the scan in the physical andvirtual drive descriptions.



Virtual Drives: (Alt+v) Select this option to view the Virtual Drives screen, where
you can change and view virtual drive properties, delete virtual drives, initialize
drives, and perform other tasks. For more information, see Section 4.7.2, Viewing
Virtual Drive Properties, Policies, and Operations.

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MegaRaid SAS Software User GuideDrives: (Alt+d) Select this option to view the Drives screen, where you can view
drive properties, create hot spares, and perform other tasks.
For more information, see Section 4.7.3, Viewing Drive Properties.

Configuration Wizard: (Alt+o) Select this option to start the Configuration Wizard
and create a new storage configuration, clear a configuration, or add aconfiguration. For more information, see Section 4.4, Creating a Storage
Configuration.



Logical View/Physical View: (Alt+l) for Logical View; Alt+h for Physical View)
Select this option to toggle between the Physical View screen and the Logical View
screen.



Events: (Alt+e) Select this option to view system events in the Event Information
screen. For more information, see Section 4.10, Viewing System Event Information.



Exit: (Alt+x) Select this option to exit the WebBIOS CU and continue with system
boot.

4.4
Creating a Storage
Configuration

This section explains how to use the WebBIOS CU Configuration Wizard to configure
RAID drive groups and virtual drives to create storage configurations:

4.4.1
Selecting the Configuration
with the Configuration Wizard

Follow these steps to start the Configuration Wizard, and select a configuration option
and mode:
1. Click Configuration Wizard on the WebBIOS main screen.
The first Configuration Wizard screen appears, as shown in Figure 16.

Figure 16:

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WebBIOS Configuration Wizard Screen

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2. Select a configuration option.
CAUTION: If you choose the first or second option, all existing data in the configuration
will be deleted. Make a backup of any data that you want to keep before you choose an
option.
— Clear Configuration: Clears the existing configuration.
— New Configuration: Clears the existing configuration and lets you create a new
configuration.
— Add Configuration: Retains the existing storage configuration and adds new
drives to it (this does not cause any data loss).
3. Click Next.
A dialog box warns that you will lose data if you select Clear Configuration or New
Configuration.
The WebBIOS Configuration Method screen appears, as shown in Figure 17.

Figure 17:

WebBIOS Configuration Method Screen

4. On this screen, select a configuration mode:— Manual Configuration: Allows you to control all attributes of the new storage
configuration as you create drive groups and virtual drives, and set theirparameters.
— Automatic Configuration: Automatically creates an optimal RAID
configuration.

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MegaRaid SAS Software User Guide— If you select Automatic Configuration, you can choose whether to create aredundant RAID drive group or a non-redundant RAID 0 drive group. Select oneof the following options in the Redundancy field:
Redundancy when possible
No redundancy— If you select Automatic Configuration, you can choose whether to use a drive
security method. Select one of the following options in the Drive Security
Method field:
No Encryption
Drive Encryption
5. Click Next to continue.
If you select the Automatic Configuration option, continue with Section 4.4.2, Using
Automatic Configuration. If you select Manual Configuration, continue with
Section 4.4.3, Using Manual Configuration
4.4.2

Using Automatic Configuration

Follow these instructions to create a configuration with automatic configuration, eitherwith or without redundancy:
1. When WebBIOS displays the proposed new configuration, review the informationon the screen, and click Accept to accept it. (Or click Back to go back and change
the configuration.)— RAID 0: If you select Automatic Configuration and No Redundancy, WebBIOS
creates a RAID 0 configuration.
— RAID 1: If you select Automatic Configuration and Redundancy whenpossible, and only two drives are available, WebBIOS creates a RAID 1
configuration.
— RAID 5: If you select Automatic Configuration and Redundancy whenpossible, and three or more drives are available, WebBIOS creates a RAID 5
configuration.
— RAID 6: If you select Automatic Configuration and Redundancy whenpossible, and the RAID 6 option is enabled, and three or more drives areavailable, WebBIOS creates a RAID 6 configuration.
2. Click Yes when you are prompted to save the configuration.
3. Click Yes when you are prompted to initialize the new virtual drive(s).
WebBIOS CU begins a background initialization of the virtual drives.
New RAID 5 virtual drives and new RAID 6 virtual drives require a minimum numberof drives for a background initialization to start. If there are fewer drives, thebackground initialization will not start. The following number of drives is required:— New RAID 5 virtual drives must have at least five drives for a backgroundinitialization to start.
— New RAID 6 virtual drives must have at least seven drives for a backgroundinitialization to start.

4.4.3

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Using Manual Configuration

This section contains the procedures for creating RAID drive groups for RAID levels 0, 1,
5, 6, 00, 10, 50, and 60.

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4.4.3.1 Using Manual
Configuration: RAID 0

RAID 0 provides drive striping across all drives in the RAID drive group. RAID 0 does notprovide any data redundancy but does offer excellent performance. RAID 0 is ideal for
applications that require high bandwidth but do not require fault tolerance. RAID 0 also
denotes an independent or single drive.
NOTE: RAID level 0 is not fault-tolerant. If a drive in a RAID 0 drive group fails, the wholevirtual drive (all drives associated with the virtual drive) fails.
When you select Manual Configuration and click Next, the drive group Definition
screen appears. You use this screen to select drives to create drive groups.
1. Hold <Ctrl> while selecting two or more ready drives in the Drives panel on the left
until you have selected all desired drives for the drive group.
2. Click Add To Array to move the drives to a proposed drive group configuration in
the Drive Groups panel on the right, as shown in Figure 18.
If you need to undo the changes, click Reclaim.
3. Choose whether to use drive encryption.

Figure 18:

WebBIOS Drive Group Definition Screen

4. After you finish selecting drives for the drive group, click Accept DG.
5. Click Next.
The Virtual Drive Definition screen appears, as shown in Figure 19. This screen lists
the possible RAID levels for the drive group.
Use this screen to select the RAID level, strip size, read policy, and other attributes
for the new virtual drives.

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Figure 19:

MegaRaid SAS Software User Guide

WebBIOS Virtual Drive Definition Screen

6. Change the virtual drive options from the defaults listed on the screen as needed.
Here are brief explanations of the virtual drive options:— RAID Level: The drop-down menu lists the possible RAID levels for the virtual
drive. Select RAID 0.
— Strip Size: The strip size is the portion of a stripe that resides on a single drive inthe drive group. The stripe consists of the data segments that the RAID
controller writes across multiple drives, not including parity drives. For example,
consider a stripe that contains 64 KB of drive space and has 16 KB of data
residing on each drive in the stripe. In this case, the stripe size is 64 KB and thestrip size is 16 KB. You can set the strip size to 8, 16, 32, 64, 128, 256, 512, and1024 KB. A larger strip size produces higher read performance. If your computer
regularly performs random read requests, choose a smaller strip size. The default
is 64 KB.
— Access Policy: Select the type of data access that is allowed for this virtual drive:
RW: Allow read/write access. This is the default.
Read Only: Allow read-only access.
Blocked: Do not allow access.
— Read Policy: Specify the read policy for this virtual drive:
Normal: This option disables the read ahead capability. This is the default.
Ahead: This option enables read ahead capability, which allows the controller toread sequentially ahead of requested data and to store the additional data incache memory, anticipating that the data will be needed soon. This speeds up
reads for sequential data, but there is little improvement when accessing
random data.

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MegaRaid SAS Software User Guide

Chapter 4: WebBIOS Configuration Utility | Creating a Storage Configuration— Write Policy: Specify the write policy for this virtual drive:
WBack: In Writeback mode the controller sends a data transfer completion signal
to the host when the controller cache has received all of the data in atransaction. This setting is recommended in Standard mode.
WThru: In Writethrough mode the controller sends a data transfer completion
signal to the host when the drive subsystem has received all of the data in atransaction. This is the default.
Bad BBU: Select this mode if you want the controller to use Writeback mode but
the controller has no BBU or the BBU is bad. If you do not choose this option, thecontroller firmware automatically switches to Writethrough mode if it detects abad or missing BBU.
CAUTION: LSI allows Writeback mode to be used with or without a battery. LSI
recommends that you use either a battery to protect the controller cache, or an
uninterruptible power supply (UPS) to protect the entire system. If you do not use abattery or a UPS, and there is a power failure, you risk losing the data in the controllercache.
— IO Policy: The IO Policy applies to reads on a specific virtual drive. It does notaffect the read ahead cache.
Direct: In direct I/O mode, reads are not buffered in cache memory. Data istransferred to the cache and the host concurrently. If the same data block is readagain, it comes from cache memory. This is the default.
Cached: In cached I/O mode, all reads are buffered in cache memory.
— Drive Cache: Specify the drive cache policy:
Enable: Enable the drive cache.
Disable: Disable the drive cache.
NoChange: Leave the current drive cache policy as is. This is the default.
— Disable BGI: Specify the background initialization status:
No: Leave background initialization enabled. This means that a new
configuration can be initialized in the background while you use WebBIOS to doother configuration tasks. This is the default.
Yes: Select Yes if you do not want to allow background initializations forconfigurations on this controller.
— Select Size: Specify the size of the virtual drive in megabytes. Normally, thiswould be the full size for RAID 0 shown in the Configuration panel on the right.
You can specify a smaller size if you want to create other virtual drives on thesame drive group.
7. Click Accept to accept the changes to the virtual drive definition.
If you need to undo the changes, click Reclaim.
8. Click Next after you finish defining the virtual drives.
The Configuration Preview screen appears, as shown in Figure 20.

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Figure 20:

MegaRaid SAS Software User Guide

RAID 0 Configuration Preview

9. Check the information in the configuration preview.
10. If the virtual drive configuration is acceptable, click Accept to save theconfiguration. Otherwise, click Back to return to the previous screens and change
the configuration.
11. If you accept the configuration, click Yes at the prompt to save the configuration.
The WebBIOS main menu appears.
4.4.3.2 Using Manual
Configuration: RAID 1

In RAID 1, the RAID controller duplicates all data from one drive to a second drive. RAID
1 provides complete data redundancy, but at the cost of doubling the required data
storage capacity. It is appropriate for small databases or any other environment that
requires fault tolerance but small capacity.
When you select Manual Configuration and click Next, the Drive Group Definition
screen appears. You use this screen to select drives to create drive groups.
1. Hold <Ctrl> while you select two ready drives in the Drives panel on the left. You
must select an even number of drives.
2. Click Add To Array to move the drives to a proposed drive group configuration in
the Drive Groups panel on the right, as shown in Figure 21.
If you need to undo the changes, click Reclaim.
3. Choose whether to use drive encryption.

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NOTE: A RAID 1 virtual drive can contain up to 16 drive groups and 32 drives in a single
span. (Other factors, such as the type of controller, can limit the number of drives.) You
must use two drives in each RAID 1 drive group in the span.

Figure 21:

WebBIOS Drive Group Definition Screen

4. After you finish selecting drives for the drive group, click Accept DG.
5. Click Next.
The Virtual Drive Definition screen appears, as shown in Figure 22. You use thisscreen to select the RAID level, strip size, read policy, and other attributes for the
new virtual drives.

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Figure 22:

MegaRaid SAS Software User Guide

WebBIOS Virtual Drive Definition Screen

6. Change the virtual drive options from the defaults listed on the screen as needed.
Here are brief explanations of the virtual drive options:— RAID Level: The drop-down menu lists the possible RAID levels for the virtual
drive. Select RAID 1.
— Strip Size: The strip size is the portion of a stripe that resides on a single drive inthe drive group. The stripe consists of the data segments that the RAID
controller writes across multiple drives, not including parity drives. For example,
consider a stripe that contains 64 KB of drive space and has 16 KB of data
residing on each drive in the stripe. In this case, the stripe size is 64 KB and thestrip size is 16 KB. You can set the strip size to 8, 16, 32, 64, 128, 256, 512, and1024 KB. A larger strip size produces higher read performance. If your computer
regularly performs random read requests, choose a smaller strip size. The default
is 64 KB.
— Access Policy: Select the type of data access that is allowed for this virtual drive:
RW: Allow read/write access. This is the default.
Read Only: Allow read-only access.
Blocked: Do not allow access.
— Read Policy: Specify the read policy for this virtual drive:
Normal: This option disables the read ahead capability. This is the default.
Ahead: This option enables read ahead capability, which allows the controller toread sequentially ahead of requested data and to store the additional data incache memory, anticipating that the data will be needed soon. This speeds up
reads for sequential data, but there is little improvement when accessing
random data.

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Chapter 4: WebBIOS Configuration Utility | Creating a Storage Configuration— Write Policy: Specify the write policy for this virtual drive:
WBack: In Writeback mode the controller sends a data transfer completion signal
to the host when the controller cache has received all of the data in atransaction.
This setting is recommended in Standard mode.
WThru: In Writethrough mode the controller sends a data transfer completion
signal to the host when the drive subsystem has received all of the data in atransaction.
This is the default.
Bad BBU: Select this mode if you want the controller to use Writeback mode but
the controller has no BBU or the BBU is bad. If you do not choose this option, thecontroller firmware automatically switches to Writethrough mode if it detects abad or missing BBU.
CAUTION: LSI allows Writeback mode to be used with or without a battery. LSI
recommends that you use either a battery to protect the controller cache, or an
uninterruptible power supply (UPS) to protect the entire system. If you do not use abattery or a UPS, and there is a power failure, you risk losing the data in the controllercache.
— IO Policy: The IO Policy applies to reads on a specific virtual drive. It does notaffect the read ahead cache.
Direct: In Direct I/O mode, reads are not buffered in cache memory. Data istransferred to the cache and the host concurrently. If the same data block is readagain, it comes from cache memory. This is the default.
Cached: In Cached I/O mode, all reads are buffered in cache memory.
— Drive Policy: Specify the drive cache policy:
Enable: Enable the drive cache.
Disable: Disable the drive cache.
NoChange: Leave the current drive cache policy as is. This drive policy is thedefault.
— Disable BGI: Specify the background initialization status:
No: Leave background initialization enabled. This means that a new
configuration can be initialized in the background while you use WebBIOS to doother configuration tasks. This is the default.
Yes: Select Yes if you do not want to allow background initializations forconfigurations on this controller.
— Select Size: Specify the size of the virtual drive(s) in megabytes. Normally, thiswould be the full size for RAID 1 shown in the Configuration panel on the right.
You can specify a smaller size if you want to create other virtual drives on thesame drive group.
7. Click Accept to accept the changes to the virtual drive definition.
If you need to undo the changes, click Reclaim.
8. Click Next after you finish defining the virtual drives.
The Configuration Preview screen appears, as shown in Figure 23.

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Figure 23:

MegaRaid SAS Software User Guide

RAID 1 Configuration Preview

9. Check the information in the configuration preview.
10. If the virtual drive configuration is acceptable, click Accept to save theconfiguration. Otherwise, click Back to return to the previous screens and change
the configuration.
11. If you accept the configuration, click Yes at the prompt to save the configuration.
The WebBIOS main menu appears.
4.4.3.3 Using Manual
Configuration: RAID 5

RAID 5 uses drive striping at the block level and parity. In RAID 5, the parity information
is written to all drives. It is best suited for networks that perform a lot of small
input/output (I/O) transactions simultaneously. RAID 5 provides data redundancy, highread rates, and good performance in most environments. It also provides redundancy
with lowest loss of capacity.
RAID 5 provides high data throughput. RAID 5 is useful for transaction processing
applications because each drive can read and write independently. If a drive fails, the
RAID controller uses the parity drive to recreate all missing information. You can use
RAID 5 for office automation and online customer service that require fault tolerance.
In addition, RAID 5 is good for any application that has high read request rates but low
write request rates.
When you select Manual Configuration and click Next, the Drive Group Definition
screen appears. You use this screen to select drives to create drive groups.
1. Hold <Ctrl> while you select at least three ready drives in the Physical Drives panelon the left.

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2. Click Add To Array to move the drives to a proposed drive group configuration in
the Drive Groups panel on the right, as shown in Figure 24.
If you need to undo the changes, click Reclaim.
3. Choose whether to use drive encryption.

Figure 24:

WebBIOS Drive Group Definition Screen

4. After you finish selecting drives for the drive group, click Accept DG.
5. Click Next.
The Virtual Drive Definition screen appears, as shown in Figure 25. You use thisscreen to select the RAID level, strip size, read policy, and other attributes for the
new virtual drives.

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Figure 25:

WebBIOS Virtual Drive Definition Screen

6. Change the virtual drive options from the defaults listed on the screen as needed.
Here are brief explanations of the virtual drive options:— RAID Level: The drop-down menu lists the possible RAID levels for the virtual
drive. Select RAID 5.
— Strip Size: The strip size is the portion of a stripe that resides on a single drive inthe drive group. The stripe consists of the data segments that the RAID
controller writes across multiple drives, not including parity drives. For example,
consider a stripe that contains 64 KB of drive space and has 16 KB of data
residing on each drive in the stripe. In this case, the stripe size is 64 KB and thestrip size is 16 KB. You can set the strip size to 8, 16, 32, 64, 128, 256, 512, and1024 KB. A larger strip size produces higher read performance. If your computer
regularly performs random read requests, choose a smaller strip size. The default
is 64 KB.
— Access Policy: Select the type of data access that is allowed for this virtual drive:
RW: Allow read/write access. This is the default.
Read Only: Allow read-only access.
Blocked: Do not allow access.
— Read Policy: Specify the read policy for this virtual drive:
Normal: This disables the read ahead capability. This is the default.

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Ahead: This enables read ahead capability, which allows the controller to readsequentially ahead of requested data and to store the additional data in cachememory, anticipating that the data will be needed soon. This speeds up reads
for sequential data, but there is little improvement when accessing randomdata.
— Write Policy: Specify the write policy for this virtual drive:
WBack: In Writeback mode the controller sends a data transfer completion signal
to the host when the controller cache has received all of the data in atransaction. This setting is recommended in Standard mode.
WThru: In Writethrough mode the controller sends a data transfer completion
signal to the host when the drive subsystem has received all of the data in atransaction. This is the default.
Bad BBU: Select this mode if you want the controller to use Writeback mode but
the controller has no BBU or the BBU is bad. If you do not choose this option, thecontroller firmware automatically switches to Writethrough mode if it detects abad or missing BBU.
CAUTION: LSI allows Writeback mode to be used with or without a battery. LSI
recommends that you use either a battery to protect the controller cache, or an
uninterruptible power supply (UPS) to protect the entire system. If you do not use abattery or a UPS, and there is a power failure, you risk losing the data in the controllercache.
— IO Policy: The IO Policy applies to reads on a specific virtual drive. It does notaffect the read ahead cache.
Direct: In Direct I/O mode, reads are not buffered in cache memory. Data istransferred to the cache and the host concurrently. If the same data block is readagain, it comes from cache memory. This is the default.
Cached: In Cached I/O mode, all reads are buffered in cache memory.
— Drive Policy: Specify the drive cache policy:
Enable: Enable the drive cache.
Disable: Disable the drive cache.
NoChange: Leave the current drive cache policy as is.
This drive policy is the default.
— Disable BGI: Specify the background initialization status:
No: Leave background initialization enabled. This means that a new
configuration can be initialized in the background while you use WebBIOS to doother configuration tasks. This is the default.
Yes: Select Yes if you do not want to allow background initializations forconfigurations on this controller.
NOTE: New RAID 5 virtual drives require at least five drives for a backgroundinitialization to start.

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MegaRaid SAS Software User Guide— Select Size: Specify the size of the virtual drive in megabytes. Normally, thiswould be the full size for RAID 5 shown in the Configuration panel on the right.
You can specify a smaller size if you want to create other virtual drives on thesame drive group.
7. Click Accept to accept the changes to the virtual drive definition.
If you need to undo the changes, click Reclaim.
8. Click Next after you finish defining the virtual drives.
The Configuration Preview screen appears, as shown in Figure 26.

Figure 26:

RAID 5 Configuration Preview

9. Check the information in the configuration preview.
10. If the virtual drive configuration is acceptable, click Accept to save theconfiguration. Otherwise, click Cancel to end the operation and return to the
WebBIOS main menu, or click Back to return to the previous screens and change
the configuration.
11. If you accept the configuration, click Yes at the prompt to save the configuration.
The WebBIOS main menu appears.
4.4.3.4 Using Manual
Configuration: RAID 6

RAID 6 is similar to RAID 5 (drive striping and distributed parity), except that instead of
one parity block per stripe, there are two. With two independent parity blocks, RAID 6
can survive the loss of two drives in a virtual drive without losing data. Use RAID 6 fordata that requires a very high level of protection from loss.
RAID 6 is best suited for networks that perform a lot of small input/output (I/O)
transactions simultaneously. It provides data redundancy, high read rates, and good
performance in most environments.

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In the case of a failure of one drive or two drives in a virtual drive, the RAID controller
uses the parity blocks to recreate all of the missing information. If two drives in a RAID 6
virtual drive fail, two drive rebuilds are required, one for each drive. These rebuilds do
not occur at the same time. The controller rebuilds one failed drive, and then the otherfailed drive.
NOTE: Integrated MegaRAID (IMR) displays new drives as JBOD (Just a Bunch of Disks).
For MegaRAID, unless the inserted drive contains valid DDF metadata, new drives
display as JBOD for MegaRAID Entry level controllers, such as the SAS 9240-4i/8i.
Rebuilds start only on unconfigured good drives, so you have to change the new drivestate from JBOD to unconfigured good to start a rebuild.
When you select Manual Configuration and click Next, the drive Group Definition
screen appears. You use this screen to select drives to create drive groups.
1. Hold <Ctrl> while selecting at least three ready drives in the Drives panel on the left.
2. Click Add To Array to move the drives to a proposed drive group configuration in
the Drive Groups panel on the right, as shown in Figure 27.
If you need to undo the changes, click Reclaim.
3. Choose whether to use drive encryption.
The drop-down menu in the Encryption field lists the options.

Figure 27:

WebBIOS Drive Group Definition Screen

4. After you finish selecting drives for the drive group, click Accept DG for each.
5. Click Next.

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The Virtual Drive Definition screen appears, as shown in Figure 28. Use this screen to
select the RAID level, strip size, read policy, and other attributes for the new virtual
drives.

Figure 28:

WebBIOS Virtual Drive Definition Screen

1. Change the virtual drive options from the defaults listed on the screen as needed.
Here are brief explanations of the virtual drive options:— RAID Level: The drop-down menu lists the possible RAID levels for the virtual
drive. Select RAID 6.
— Strip Size: The strip size is the portion of a stripe that resides on a single drive inthe drive group. The stripe consists of the data segments that the RAID
controller writes across multiple drives, not including parity drives. For example,
consider a stripe that contains 64 KB of drive space and has 16 KB of data
residing on each drive in the stripe. In this case, the stripe size is 64 KB and thestrip size is 16 KB. You can set the strip size to 8, 16, 32, 64, 128, 256, 512, and1024 KB. A larger strip size produces higher read performance. If your computer
regularly performs random read requests, choose a smaller strip size. The default
is 64 KB.
NOTE: WebBIOS does not not allow you to select 8 KB as the stripe size when you create
a RAID 6 drive group with three drives.
— Access Policy: Select the type of data access that is allowed for this virtual drive:
RW: Allow read/write access. This is the default.
Read Only: Allow read-only access.

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Blocked: Do not allow access.
— Read Policy: Specify the read policy for this virtual drive:
Normal: This disables the read ahead capability. This is the default.
Ahead: This enables read ahead capability, which allows the controller to readsequentially ahead of requested data and to store the additional data in cachememory, anticipating that the data will be needed soon. This speeds up reads
for sequential data, but there is little improvement when accessing randomdata.
— Write Policy: Specify the write policy for this virtual drive:
WBack: In Writeback mode the controller sends a data transfer completion signal
to the host when the controller cache has received all of the data in atransaction.
This setting is recommended in Standard mode.
WThru: In Writethrough mode the controller sends a data transfer completion
signal to the host when the drive subsystem has received all of the data in atransaction. This is the default.
Bad BBU: Select this mode if you want the controller to use Writeback mode but
the controller has no BBU or the BBU is bad. If you do not choose this option, thecontroller firmware automatically switches to Writethrough mode if it detects abad or missing BBU.
CAUTION: LSI allows Writeback mode to be used with or without a battery. LSI
recommends that you use either a battery to protect the controller cache, or an
uninterruptible power supply (UPS) to protect the entire system. If you do not use abattery or a UPS, and there is a power failure, you risk losing the data in the controllercache.
— IO Policy: The IO Policy applies to reads on a specific virtual drive. It does notaffect the read ahead cache.
Direct: In Direct I/O mode, reads are not buffered in cache memory. Data istransferred to the cache and the host concurrently. If the same data block is readagain, it comes from cache memory. This is the default.
Cached: In Cached I/O mode, all reads are buffered in cache memory.
— Drive Policy: Specify the drive cache policy:
Enable: Enable the drive cache.
Disable: Disable the drive cache.
NoChange: Leave the current drive cache policy as is. This drive policy is thedefault.
— Disable BGI: Specify the background initialization status:
No: Leave background initialization enabled. This means that a new
configuration can be initialized in the background while you use WebBIOS to doother configuration tasks. This is the default.
Yes: Select Yes if you do not want to allow background initializations forconfigurations on this controller.

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NOTE: New RAID 6 virtual drives require at least seven drives for a backgroundinitialization to start.
— Select Size: Specify the size of the virtual drive in megabytes. Normally, thiswould be the full size for RAID 6 shown in the Configuration panel on the right.
You can specify a smaller size if you want to create other virtual drives on thesame drive group.
2. Click Accept to accept the changes to the virtual drive definition.
If you need to undo the changes, click Reclaim.
3. Click Next after you finish defining the virtual drives.
The Configuration Preview screen appears, as shown in Figure 29.

Figure 29:

RAID 6 Configuration Preview

4. Check the information in the configuration preview.
5. If the virtual drive configuration is acceptable, click Accept to save theconfiguration. Otherwise, click Back to return to the previous screens and change
the configuration.
6. If you accept the configuration, click Yes at the prompt to save the configuration.
The WebBIOS main menu appears.
4.4.3.5 Using Manual
Configuration: RAID 00

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A RAID 00 drive group is a spanned drive group that creates a striped set from a seriesof RAID 0 drive groups. It breaks up data into smaller blocks and then stripes the blocksof data to RAID 00 drive groups. The size of each block is determined by the stripe size
parameter, which is 64 KB.

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RAID 00 does not provide any data redundancy but does offer excellent performance.
RAID 00 is ideal for applications that require high bandwidth but do not require fault
tolerance.
When you select Manual Configuration and click Next, the Drive Group Definition
screen appears.
You use the Drive Group Definition screen to select drives to create drive groups.
1. Hold <Ctrl> while you select ready drives in the Drives panel on the left.
2. Click Add To Array to move the drives to a proposed drive group configuration in
the Drive Groups panel on the right.
If you need to undo the changes, click Reclaim.
3. Click Accept DG to create a RAID 0 drive group.
An icon for the next drive group appears in the right panel.
4. Hold <Ctrl> while you select more ready drives in the Drives panel to create asecond RAID 0 drive group.
5. Click Add To Array to move the drives to a second drive group configuration in the
Drive Groups panel, as shown in Figure 30.
If you need to undo the changes, click Reclaim.
NOTE: RAID 00 supports a maximum of eight spans, with a maximum of 32 drives per
span. (Other factors, such as the type of controller, can limit the number of drives.)
6. Choose whether to use drive encryption.
7. Click Accept DG to create a RAID 0 drive group.

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Figure 30:

MegaRaid SAS Software User Guide

WebBIOS Drive Group Definition Screen

8. Repeat step 4 through step 6 until you have selected all the drives you want for thedrive groups.
9. After you finish selecting drives for the drive groups, select each drive group andthen click Accept DG for each selection.
10. Click Next.
The Span Definition screen appears, as shown in Figure 31. This screen shows thedrive group holes that you can select to add to a span.

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Figure 31:

WebBIOS Span Definition Screen

11. Under the heading Array With Free Space, hold <Ctrl> while you select a drivegroup, and then click Add to SPAN.
The drive group you select appears in the right frame under the heading Span.
12. Hold <Ctrl> while you select a second drive group, and then click Add to SPAN.
13. Repeat the previous two steps until you have selected all of the drive groups thatyou want.
14. Click Next.
The Virtual Drive Definition screen appears, as shown in Figure 32. You use thisscreen to select the RAID level, strip size, read policy, and other attributes for the
new virtual drives.
15. Hold <Ctrl> while you select drive groups in the Configuration panel on the right.

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Figure 32:

MegaRaid SAS Software User Guide

WebBIOS Virtual Drive Definition Screen

16. Change the virtual drive options from the defaults listed on the screen as needed.
Here are brief explanations of the virtual drive options:— RAID Level: The drop-down menu lists the possible RAID levels for the virtual
drive. Select RAID 00.
— Strip Size: The strip size is the portion of a stripe that resides on a single drive inthe drive group. The stripe consists of the data segments that the RAID
controller writes across multiple drives, not including parity drives. For example,
consider a stripe that contains 64 KB of drive space and has 16 KB of data
residing on each drive in the stripe. In this case, the stripe size is 64 KB and thestrip size is 16 KB. You can set the strip size to 8, 16, 32, 64, 128, 256, 512, and1024 KB. A larger strip size produces higher read performance. If your computer
regularly performs random read requests, choose a smaller strip size. The default
is 64 KB.
— Access Policy: Select the type of data access that is allowed for this virtual drive:
RW: Allow read/write access.
Read Only: Allow read-only access. This type of access is the default.
Blocked: Do not allow access.
— Read Policy: Specify the read policy for this virtual drive:
Normal: This option disables the read ahead capability. This is the default.
Ahead: This option enables read ahead capability, which allows the controller toread sequentially ahead of requested data and to store the additional data incache memory, anticipating that the data will be needed soon. This speeds up
reads for sequential data, but there is little improvement when accessing
random data.

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Chapter 4: WebBIOS Configuration Utility | Creating a Storage Configuration— Write Policy: Specify the write policy for this virtual drive:
WBack: In Writeback mode, the controller sends a data transfer completion
signal to the host when the controller cache has received all of the data in atransaction. This setting is recommended in Standard mode.
WThru: In Writethrough mode, the controller sends a data transfer completion
signal to the host when the drive subsystem has received all of the data in atransaction. This is the default.
Bad BBU: Select this mode if you want the controller to use Writeback mode but
the controller has no BBU or the BBU is bad. If you do not choose this option, thecontroller firmware automatically switches to Writethrough mode if it detects abad or missing BBU.
CAUTION: LSI allows Writeback mode to be used with or without a battery. To protect
the entire system, LSI recommends that you use either a battery to protect thecontroller cache or an uninterruptible power supply (UPS). If you do not use a battery or
a UPS, and there is a power failure, you risk losing the data in the controller cache.
— IO Policy: The IO Policy applies to reads on a specific virtual drive. The policy
does not affect the read ahead cache.
Direct: In Direct I/O mode, reads are not buffered in cache memory. Data istransferred to the cache and the host concurrently. If the same data block is readagain, the block comes from cache memory. This setting is the default.
Cached: In Cached I/O mode, all reads are buffered in cache memory.
— Drive Policy: Specify the drive cache policy:
Enable: Enable the drive cache.
Disable: Disable the drive cache.
NoChange: Leave the current drive cache policy as is. This setting is the default.
— Disable BGI: Specify the background initialization status:
No: Leave background initialization enabled. This means that a new
configuration can be initialized in the background while you use WebBIOS to doother configuration tasks. This setting is the default.
Yes: Select Yes if you do not want to allow background initializations forconfigurations on this controller.
— Select Size: Specify the size of the virtual drive in megabytes. Normally, thiswould be the full size for RAID 00 shown in the Configuration Panel on the right.
You can specify a smaller size if you want to create other virtual drives on thesame drive group.
17. Click Accept to accept the changes to the virtual drive definition.
If you need to undo the changes, click Reclaim.
18. After you finish defining the virtual drives, click Next.
The Configuration Preview screen appears, as shown in Figure 33.

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Figure 33:

MegaRaid SAS Software User Guide

RAID 00 Configuration Preview

19. Check the information in the configuration preview.
20. If the virtual drive configuration is acceptable, click Accept to save theconfiguration. Otherwise, click Cancel to end the operation and return to the
WebBIOS main menu, or click Back to return to the previous screens and change
the configuration.
21. If you accept the configuration, click Yes at the prompt to save the configuration.
The WebBIOS main menu appears.
4.4.3.6 Using Manual
Configuration: RAID 10

RAID 10, a combination of RAID 1 and RAID 0, has mirrored drives.
It breaks up data into smaller blocks, then stripes the blocks of data to each RAID 1
drive group. Each RAID 1 drive group then duplicates its data to its other drive. The sizeof each block is determined by the stripe size parameter, which is 64 KB. RAID 10 cansustain one drive failure in each drive group while maintaining data integrity.
RAID 10 provides both high data transfer rates and complete data redundancy. It works
best for data storage that must have 100 percent redundancy of RAID 1 (mirrored drivegroups) and that also needs the enhanced I/O performance of RAID 0 (striped drivegroups); it works well for medium-sized databases or any environment that requires ahigher degree of fault tolerance and moderate to medium capacity.
When you select Manual Configuration and click Next, the Drive Group Definition
screen appears.
You use the Drive Group Definition screen to select drives to create drive groups.
1. Hold <Ctrl> while selecting two ready drives in the Drives panel on the left.

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2. Click Add To Array to move the drives to a proposed two-drive drive groupconfiguration in the Drive Groups panel on the right.
If you need to undo the changes, click Reclaim.
3. Click Accept DG to create a RAID 1 drive group.
An icon for the next drive group displays in the right panel.
4. Click on the icon for the next drive group to select it.
5. Hold <Ctrl> while selecting two more ready drives in the Drives panel to create asecond RAID 1 drive group with two drives.
6. Click Add To Array to move the drives to a second two-drive drive groupconfiguration in the Drive Groups panel, as shown in Figure 34.
If you need to undo the changes, click Reclaim.
7. Choose whether to use drive encryption.
NOTE: RAID 10 supports a maximum of eight spans, with a maximum of 32 drives per
span. (Other factors, such as the type of controller, can limit the number of drives.) You
must use an even number of drives in each RAID 10 drive group in the span.

Figure 34:

WebBIOS Drive Group Definition Screen

8. Repeat the previous three steps until you have selected all the drives you want forthe drive groups.
9. After you finish selecting drives for the drive groups, select each drive group andclick Accept DG for each.

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10. Click Next.
The Span Definition screen appears, as shown in Figure 35.
This screen displays the drive group holes you can select to add to a span.

Figure 35:

WebBIOS Span Definition Screen

11. Under the heading Array With Free Space, hold <Ctrl> while you select a drivegroup with two drives, and click Add to SPAN.
The drive group you select displays in the right frame under the heading Span.
12. Hold <Ctrl> while you select a second drive group with two drives, and click Add to
SPAN.
Both drive groups display in the right frame under Span.
13. If there are additional drive groups with two drives each, you can add them to thevirtual drive.
14. Click Next.
The Virtual Drive Definition screen appears, as shown in Figure 36. You use thisscreen to select the RAID level, strip size, read policy, and other attributes for the
new virtual drives.
15. Hold <Ctrl> while you select two drive groups with two drives in the Configuration
panel on the right.

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Figure 36:

WebBIOS Virtual Drive Definition Screen

NOTE: The WebBIOS Configuration Utility shows the maximum available capacity while
creating the RAID 10 drive group. In version 1.03 of the utility, the maximum size of the
RAID 10 drive group is the sum total of the two RAID 1 drive groups. In version 1.1, themaximum size is the size of the smaller drive group multiplied by two.
16. Change the virtual drive options from the defaults listed on the screen as needed.
Here are brief explanations of the virtual drive options:— RAID Level: The drop-down menu lists the possible RAID levels for the virtual
drive. Select RAID 10.
— Strip Size: The strip size is the portion of a stripe that resides on a single drive inthe drive group. The stripe consists of the data segments that the RAID
controller writes across multiple drives, not including parity drives. For example,
consider a stripe that contains 64 KB of drive space and has 16 KB of data
residing on each drive in the stripe. In this case, the stripe size is 64 KB and thestrip size is 16 KB. You can set the strip size to 8, 16, 32, 64, 128, 256, 512, and1024 KB. A larger strip size produces higher read performance. If your computer
regularly performs random read requests, choose a smaller strip size. The default
is 64 KB.
— Access Policy: Select the type of data access that is allowed for this virtual drive:
RW: Allow read/write access.
Read Only: Allow read-only access. This is the default.
Blocked: Do not allow access.

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MegaRaid SAS Software User Guide— Read Policy: Specify the read policy for this virtual drive:
Normal: This disables the read ahead capability. This is the default.
Ahead: This enables read ahead capability, which allows the controller to readsequentially ahead of requested data and to store the additional data in cachememory, anticipating that the data will be needed soon. This speeds up reads
for sequential data, but there is little improvement when accessing randomdata.
— Write Policy: Specify the write policy for this virtual drive:
WBack: In Writeback mode the controller sends a data transfer completion signal
to the host when the controller cache has received all of the data in atransaction. This setting is recommended in Standard mode.
WThru: In Writethrough mode the controller sends a data transfer completion
signal to the host when the drive subsystem has received all of the data in atransaction. This is the default.
Bad BBU: Select this mode if you want the controller to use Writeback mode but
the controller has no BBU or the BBU is bad. If you do not choose this option, thecontroller firmware automatically switches to Writethrough mode if it detects abad or missing BBU.
CAUTION: LSI allows Writeback mode to be used with or without a battery. LSI
recommends that you use either a battery to protect the controller cache, or an
uninterruptible power supply (UPS) to protect the entire system. If you do not use abattery or a UPS, and there is a power failure, you risk losing the data in the controllercache.
— IO Policy: The IO Policy applies to reads on a specific virtual drive. It does notaffect the read ahead cache.
Direct: In Direct I/O mode, reads are not buffered in cache memory. Data istransferred to the cache and the host concurrently. If the same data block is readagain, it comes from cache memory. This is the default.
Cached: In Cached I/O mode, all reads are buffered in cache memory.
— Drive Policy: Specify the drive cache policy:
Enable: Enable the drive cache.
Disable: Disable the drive cache.
NoChange: Leave the current drive cache policy as is. This drive policy is thedefault.
— Disable BGI: Specify the background initialization status:
No: Leave background initialization enabled. This means that a new
configuration can be initialized in the background while you use WebBIOS to doother configuration tasks. This is the default.
Yes: Select Yes if you do not want to allow background initializations forconfigurations on this controller.
— Select Size: Specify the size of the virtual drive in megabytes. Normally, thiswould be the full size for RAID 10 shown in the configuration panel on the right.
You can specify a smaller size if you want to create other virtual drives on thesame drive group.

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17. Click Accept to accept the changes to the virtual drive definition.
If you need to undo the changes, click Reclaim.
18. After you finish defining the virtual drives, click Next .
The Configuration Preview screen appears, as shown in Figure 37.

Figure 37:

RAID 10 Configuration Preview

19. Check the information in the configuration preview.
20. If the virtual drive configuration is acceptable, click Accept to save theconfiguration. Otherwise, click Cancel to end the operation and return to the
WebBIOS main menu, or click Back to return to the previous screens and change
the configuration.
21. If you accept the configuration, click Yes at the prompt to save the configuration.
The WebBIOS main menu appears.
4.4.3.7 Using Manual
Configuration: RAID 50

RAID 50 provides the features of both RAID 0 and RAID 5. RAID 50 uses both distributed
parity and drive striping across multiple drive groups.
It provides high data throughput, data redundancy, and very good performance. It isbest implemented on two RAID 5 drive groups with data striped across both drivegroups. Though multiple drive failures can be tolerated, only one drive failure can be
tolerated in each RAID 5 level drive group.
RAID 50 is appropriate when used with data that requires high reliability, high request
rates, high data transfer, and medium to large capacity.
When you select Manual Configuration and click Next, the Drive Group Definition
screen appears. You use this screen to select drives to create drive group.

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1. Hold <Ctrl> while selecting at least three ready drives in the Drives panel on the left.
2. Click Add To Array to move the drives to a proposed drive group configuration in
the Drive Groups panel on the right.
If you need to undo the changes, click Reclaim.
3. Click Accept DG to create a RAID 5 drive group.
An icon for a second drive group displays in the right panel.
4. Click on the icon for the second drive group to select it.
5. Hold <Ctrl> while selecting at least three more ready drives in the Drives panel tocreate a second drive group.
6. Click Add To Array to move the drives to a proposed drive group configuration in
the Drive Groups panel on the right, as shown in Figure 38.
If you need to undo the changes, click Reclaim.
7. Choose whether to use drive encryption.

Figure 38:

WebBIOS Drive Group Definition Screen

8. After you finish selecting drives for the drive groups, select each drive group andclick Accept DG for each.
9. Click Next.
The Span Definition screen appears, as shown in Figure 39.
This screen displays the drive group holes you can select to add to a span.

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Figure 39:

WebBIOS Span Definition Screen

10. Under the heading Array With Free Space, hold <Ctrl> while you select a drivegroup of three or more drives, and click Add to SPAN.
The drive group you select displays in the right frame under the heading Span.
11. Hold <Ctrl> while you select a second drive group of three or more drives, and click
Add to SPAN.
Both drive groups display in the right frame under Span.
12. Click Next.
The Virtual Drive Definition screen appears, as shown in Figure 40. You use thisscreen to select the RAID level, strip size, read policy, and other attributes for the
new virtual drive(s).
13. Hold <Ctrl> while you select two drive groups with three or more drives each in the
Configuration panel on the right.

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Figure 40:

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WebBIOS Virtual Drive Definition Screen

14. Change the virtual drive options from the defaults listed on the screen as needed.
Here are brief explanations of the virtual drive options:— RAID Level: The drop-down menu lists the possible RAID levels for the virtual
drive. Select RAID 50.
— Strip Size: The strip size is the portion of a stripe that resides on a single drive inthe drive group. The stripe consists of the data segments that the RAID
controller writes across multiple drives, not including parity drives. For example,
consider a stripe that contains 64 KB of drive space and has 16 KB of data
residing on each drive in the stripe. In this case, the stripe size is 64 KB and thestrip size is 16 KB. You can set the strip size to 8, 16, 32, 64, 128, 256, 512, and1024 KB. A larger strip size produces higher read performance. If your computer
regularly performs random read requests, choose a smaller strip size. The default
is 64 KB.
— Access Policy: Select the type of data access that is allowed for this virtual drive:
RW: Allow read/write access.
Read Only: Allow read-only access. This is the default.
Blocked: Do not allow access.
— Read Policy: Specify the read policy for this virtual drive:
Normal: This disables the read ahead capability. This is the default.
Ahead: This enables read ahead capability, which allows the controller to readsequentially ahead of requested data and to store the additional data in cachememory, anticipating that the data will be needed soon. This speeds up reads
for sequential data, but there is little improvement when accessing random
data.

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MegaRaid SAS Software User Guide

Chapter 4: WebBIOS Configuration Utility | Creating a Storage Configuration— Write Policy: Specify the write policy for this virtual drive:
WBack: In Writeback mode the controller sends a data transfer completion signal
to the host when the controller cache has received all of the data in atransaction.
This setting is recommended in Standard mode.
WThru: In Writethrough mode the controller sends a data transfer completion
signal to the host when the drive subsystem has received all of the data in atransaction.
This is the default.
Bad BBU: Select this mode if you want the controller to use Writeback mode but
the controller has no BBU or the BBU is bad. If you do not choose this option, thecontroller firmware automatically switches to Writethrough mode if it detects abad or missing BBU.
CAUTION: LSI allows Writeback mode to be used with or without a battery. LSI
recommends that you use either a battery to protect the controller cache, or an
uninterruptible power supply (UPS) to protect the entire system. If you do not use abattery or a UPS, and there is a power failure, you risk losing the data in the controllercache.
— IO Policy: The IO Policy applies to reads on a specific virtual drive. It does notaffect the read ahead cache.
Direct: In Direct I/O mode, reads are not buffered in cache memory. Data istransferred to the cache and the host concurrently. If the same data block is readagain, it comes from cache memory. This is the default.
Cached: In Cached I/O mode, all reads are buffered in cache memory.
— Drive Policy: Specify the drive cache policy:
Enable: Enable the drive cache.
Disable: Disable the drive cache. This drive policy is the default.
NoChange: Leave the current drive cache policy as is.
This is the default.
— Disable BGI: Specify the background initialization status:
No: Leave background initialization enabled. This means that a new
configuration can be initialized in the background while you use WebBIOS to doother configuration tasks. This is the default.
Yes: Select Yes if you do not want to allow background initializations forconfigurations on this controller.
— Select Size: Specify the size of the virtual drive in megabytes. Normally, thiswould be the full size for RAID 50 shown in the Configuration Panel on the right.
You can specify a smaller size if you want to create other virtual drives on thesame drive group.
15. Click Accept to accept the changes to the virtual drive definition or click Reclaim toundo the changess
16. Click Next after you finish defining the virtual drives.
The Configuration Preview screen appears, as shown in Figure 41.

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Figure 41:

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RAID 50 Configuration Preview

17. Check the information in the configuration preview.
18. If the virtual drive configuration is acceptable, click Accept to save theconfiguration. Otherwise, click Back to return to the previous screens and change
the configuration.
19. If you accept the configuration, click Yes at the prompt to save the configuration.
The WebBIOS main menu appears.
4.4.3.8 Using Manual
Configuration: RAID 60

RAID 60 provides the features of both RAID 0 and RAID 6, and includes both parity anddrive striping across multiple drive groups. RAID 6 supports two independent parity
blocks per stripe. A RAID 60 virtual drive can survive the loss of two drives in each of the
RAID 6 sets without losing data. RAID 60 is best implemented on two RAID 6 drivegroups with data striped across both drive groups. Use RAID 60 for data that requires avery high level of protection from loss.
RAID 60 can support up to eight spans and tolerate up to 16 drive failures, though lessthan total drive capacity is available. Two drive failures can be tolerated in each RAID 6level drive group.
RAID 60 is appropriate when used with data that requires high reliability, high request
rates, high data transfer, and medium to large capacity.
When you select Manual Configuration and click Next, the Drive Group Definition
screen appears. You use this screen to select drives to create drive groups.
1. Hold <Ctrl> while selecting at least three ready drives in the Drives panel on the left.
2. Click Add To Array to move the drives to a proposed drive group configuration in
the Drive Groups panel on the right.

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If you need to undo the changes, click Reclaim.
3. Click Accept DG to create a RAID 6 drive group.
An icon for a second drive group displays in the right panel.
4. Click on the icon for the second drive group to select it.
5. Hold <Ctrl> while selecting at least three more ready drives in the Drives panel tocreate a second drive group.
6. Click Add To Array to move the drives to a proposed drive group configuration in
the Drive Groups panel on the right, as shown in Figure 42.
If you need to undo the changes, click Reclaim.
7. Choose whether to use drive encryption.

Figure 42:

WebBIOS Drive Group Definition Screen

8. After you finish selecting drives for the drive groups, select each drive group andclick Accept DG for each.
9. Click Next.
The Span Definition screen appears, as shown in Figure 43.
This screen displays the drive group holes you can select to add to a span.

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Figure 43:

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WebBIOS Span Definition Screen

10. Under the heading Array With Free Space, hold <Ctrl> while you select a drivegroup of three or more drives, and click Add to SPAN.
The drive group you select displays in the right frame under the heading Span.
11. Hold <Ctrl> while you select a second drive group of three or more drives, and click
Add to SPAN.
Both drive groups display in the right frame under Span.
12. Click Next.
The Virtual Drive Definition screen appears, as shown in Figure 44. You use thisscreen to select the RAID level, strip size, read policy, and other attributes for the
new virtual drive(s).
13. Hold <Ctrl> while you select two drive groups with at least three drives each in the
Configuration window on the right.

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Figure 44:

WebBIOS Virtual Drive Definition Screen

14. Change the virtual drive options from the defaults listed on the screen as needed.
Here are brief explanations of the virtual drive options:— RAID Level: The drop-down menu lists the possible RAID levels for the virtual
drive. Select RAID 60.
— Stripe Size: The strip size is the portion of a stripe that resides on a single drivein the drive group. The stripe consists of the data segments that the RAID
controller writes across multiple drives, not including parity drives. For example,
consider a stripe that contains 64 KB of drive space and has 16 KB of data
residing on each drive in the stripe. In this case, the stripe size is 64 KB and thestrip size is 16 KB. You can set the strip size to 8, 16, 32, 64, 128, 256, 512, and1024 KB. A larger strip size produces higher read performance. If your computer
regularly performs random read requests, choose a smaller strip size. The default
is 64 KB.
— Access Policy: Select the type of data access that is allowed for this virtual drive:
RW: Allow read/write access.
Read Only: Allow read-only access. This is the default.
Blocked: Do not allow access.
— Read Policy: Specify the read policy for this virtual drive:
Normal: This disables the read ahead capability. This is the default.

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Ahead: This enables read ahead capability, which allows the controller to readsequentially ahead of requested data and to store the additional data in cachememory, anticipating that the data will be needed soon. This speeds up reads
for sequential data, but there is little improvement when accessing randomdata.
— Write Policy: Specify the write policy for this virtual drive:
WBack: In Writeback mode the controller sends a data transfer completion signal
to the host when the controller cache has received all of the data in atransaction. This setting is recommended in Standard mode.
WThru: In Writethrough mode the controller sends a data transfer completion
signal to the host when the drive subsystem has received all of the data in atransaction. This is the default.
Bad BBU: Select this mode if you want the controller to use Writeback mode but
the controller has no BBU or the BBU is bad. If you do not choose this option, thecontroller firmware automatically switches to Writethrough mode if it detects abad or missing BBU.
CAUTION: LSI allows Writeback mode to be used with or without a battery. LSI
recommends that you use either a battery to protect the controller cache, or an
uninterruptible power supply (UPS) to protect the entire system. If you do not use abattery or a UPS, and there is a power failure, you risk losing the data in the controllercache.
— IO Policy: The IO Policy applies to reads on a specific virtual drive. It does notaffect the read ahead cache.
Direct: In Direct I/O mode, reads are not buffered in cache memory. Data istransferred to the cache and the host concurrently. If the same data block is readagain, it comes from cache memory. This is the default.
Cached: In Cached I/O mode, all reads are buffered in cache memory.
— Drive Policy: Specify the drive cache policy:
Enable: Enable the drive cache.
Disable: Disable the drive cache. This drive policy is the default.
NoChange: Leave the current drive cache policy as is.
This is the default.
— Disable BGI: Specify the background initialization status:
No: Leave background initialization enabled. This means that a new
configuration can be initialized in the background while you use WebBIOS to doother configuration tasks. This is the default.
Yes: Select Yes if you do not want to allow background initializations forconfigurations on this controller.
— Select Size: Specify the size of the virtual drive in megabytes. Normally, thiswould be the full size for RAID 60 shown in the Configuration panel on the right.
You can specify a smaller size if you want to create other virtual drives on thesame drive group.

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NOTE: WebBIOS does not not allow you to select 8 KB as the stripe size when you create
a RAID 60 drive group with six drives.
15. Click Accept to accept the changes to the virtual drive definition.
If you need to undo the changes, click Reclaim button.
16. Click Next after you finish defining virtual drives.
The Configuration Preview screen appears, as shown in Figure 45.

Figure 45:

RAID 60 Configuration Preview

17. Check the information in the configuration preview.
18. If the virtual drive configuration is acceptable, click Accept to save theconfiguration. Otherwise, or click Back to return to the previous screens andchange the configuration.
19. If you accept the configuration, click Yes at the prompt to save the configuration.
The WebBIOS main menu appears.

4.5
Creating a CacheCade
Configuration

This section contains the procedures for creating CacheCadeRAID virtual drives for the
CacheCade advanced software feature.
The MegaRAID CacheCade advanced software improves application performance by
expanding the MegaRAID read caching capacity. The CacheCade feature uses
high-performing solid state drives (SSDs) as a secondary tier of cache to provide fasterreads and to maximize transactional I/O performance.

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NOTE: This procedure does not create a RAID configuration. It creates an SSD virtual
drive that functions as a secondary tier of cache.
Using SSDs as controller cache allows for very large data sets to be present in cache,delivering performance up to 50 times greater than regular cache in read-intensive
applications, such as online transaction processing (OLTP), and file and Web server
workloads. The solution is designed to accelerate the IO performance of HDD-based
drive groups while only requiring a small investment in SSD technology.
To support full-throughput for multiple direct-attached SSDs, this feature reduces
IO-processing overhead in the 2108-chip-based MegaRAID controllers. CacheCade
offers performance equivalent to flash-based controllers and better performance for
RAID 5 and RAID 6 when compared to Fusion I/O.
Follow these steps to create a CacheCade drive group.
1. Click Configuration Wizard on the WebBIOS main screen.
The first Configuration Wizard screen appears, as shown in Figure 46.

Figure 46:

WebBIOS Configuration Wizard Screen

2. Select CacheCade(TM) Configuration and click Next.
The Span Definition screen appears, as shown in Figure 46.

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Figure 47:

CacheCade Array Selection Screen

3. Select an array with free space from the drop-down list and click Select Array.
The selected array moves to the right frame under the heading Selected Array.
4. Click Next.
The Create CachCade Disk screen appears, as shown in Figure 48.

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Figure 48:

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CacheCade Disk Screen

5. Click Next to accept the drive group.
If you need to undo the changes, click Reclaim.
The Config Wizard Preview screen appears, as shown in Figure 49.

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Figure 49:

CacheCade Configuration Preview

6. Click Accept if the configuration is OK. Otherwise, or click Back to return to theprevious screens and change the configuration.
7. If you accept the configuration, click Yes at the prompt to save the configuration.
The WebBIOS main menu screen appears, as shown in Figure 50. It shows the
CacheCade virtual drive.

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Figure 50:

MegaRaid SAS Software User Guide

WebBIOS Main Menu with a CacheCade Virtual Drive

4.6
Selecting SafeStore
Encryption Services Security
Options

The SafeStore Encryption Services feature provides the ability to encrypt data and use
disk-based key management for the data security solution. This solution protects yourdata in case of theft or loss of physical drives. This section describes how to enable,change, or disable the drive security settings, and how to import a foreign
configuration.

4.6.1
Enabling the Security Key
Identifier, Security Key, and Password

Perform the following steps to enable the encryption settings for the security key
identifier, security key, and password.
1. Click Drive Security on the main WebBIOS screen.
The Drive Security screen appears, as shown in Figure 51.

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Figure 51:

Driver Security Settings Screen

2. To enable the drive security settings, select Enable drive security- and click
Accept.
The Enable Drive Security – Introduction screen appears as shown in Figure 52. This
screen lists the actions you can perform: creating the security key identifier, creating
the security key, and creating the password (optional).

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Figure 52:

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Enable Drive Security - Introduction Screen

3. Click Next.
The screen used to create a security key identifier appears, as shown in Figure 53.

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Figure 53:

Enable Drive Security – Enter Security Key ID Screen

4. Accept the default security key ID or enter a new security key ID.
5. Click Next.
The Enable Drive Security – Enter Security Key screen appears as shown in
Figure 54.

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Figure 54:

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Enable Drive Security – Enter Security Key

6. Enter a new drive security key or click Suggest to fill the new security key. Enter the
new drive security key again to confirm.
The security key is case-sensitive. It must be between eight and thirty-two
characters and contain at least one number, one lowercase letter, one uppercase
letter, and one non-alphanumeric character (e.g. < > @ +). The space character is not
permitted.
7. Click Next.
The Enable Drive Security – Enter Pass Phrase screen appears as shown in Figure 55.
You have the option to provide a pass phrase for additional security.

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Figure 55:

Enable Drive Security – Enter Pass Phrase

8. If you want to use a pass phrase, click the checkbox Use a pass phrase in addition
to the security key.
9. Enter a new pass phrase and then enter the new pass phrase again to confirm.
The pass phrase is case-sensitive. It must be between eight and thirty-two
characters and contain at least one number, one lowercase letter, one uppercase
letter, and one non-alphanumeric character (e.g. < > @ +). The space character is not
permitted.
Non-US keyboard users must be careful not to enter DBCS characters in the passphrase field or security key field. Firmware works only with the ASCII character set.
10. Click Accept.
The Confirm Enable Drive Security screen appears, as shown in Figure 56

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Figure 56:

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Confirm Enable Drive Security Screen

11. Click Yes on the Confirm Enable Drive Security screen to confirm that you want toenable the drive security settings.
WebBIOS enables the security key ID, security key, and pass phrase (if applicable)that you entered and returns you to the main menu.
CAUTION: If you forget the security key, you will lose access to your data. Be sure
to record your security key information. You might need to enter the security key toperform certain operations.
4.6.2
Changing the Security Key
Identifier, Security Key, and Pass Phrase

If you selected disk-based encryption when you made the RAID configuration, the drive
security will be enabled. Perform the following steps to change the encryption settings
for the security key identifier, security key, and pass phrase.
1. Click Drive Security on the main WebBIOS screen.
The Drive Security screen appears as shown in Figure 57.

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Figure 57:

Change Drive Security Settings Screen

2. To change the drive security settings, select Change drive security settings... andclick Accept.
The Change Security Settings – Introduction screen appears as shown in Figure 58.
This screen lists the optional actions you can perform: editing the security key
identifier, editing the security key, and adding or changing the pass phrase.

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Figure 58:

MegaRaid SAS Software User Guide

Change Security Settings – Introduction

3. To access the option to use the existing security key identifier or enter a new
security key identifier, click Next.
The Change Security Settings – Security Key ID screen appears as shown in
Figure 59.

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Figure 59:

Change Security Settings – Security Key ID

4. Choose whether you want to use the existing security key ID or enter a new security
key ID. You have the following options:— Use the existing security key identifier (Current security key identifier).
— Enter a new security key identifier (New security key identifier).
5. Click Next.
The Change Security Settings – Security Key screen appears as shown in Figure 60.
You have the option to use the existing security key or enter a new one.

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Figure 60:

MegaRaid SAS Software User Guide

Change Security Settings – Security Key

6. Choose whether you want to use the existing security key or enter a new security
key. You have the following options:— Use the existing drive security key.
— Enter a new drive security key.
7. If you want to create a new drive security key, either enter a new drive security key
in the New security key field or click Suggest to fill the new security key.
8. Enter the new drive security key again in the Confirm field.
The security key is case-sensitive. It must be between eight and thirty-two
characters and contain at least one number, one lowercase letter, one uppercase
letter, and one non-alphanumeric character (e.g. < > @ +). The space character is not
permitted.
9. Click Next.
The Change Security Settings – Pass Phrase screen appears as shown in Figure 61.

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Figure 61:

Change Security Settings – Pass Phrase Screen

10. If you want to use a pass phrase, click the checkbox Use a pass phrase in addition
to the security key.
11. Enter a new pass phrase and then enter the new pass phrase again to confirm.
The pass phrase is case-sensitive. It must be between 8and 32 characters andcontain at least one number, one lowercase letter, one uppercase letter, and one
non-alphanumeric character (e.g. < > @ +). The space character is not permitted.
Non-US keyboard users must be careful not to enter DBCS characters in the passphrase field or security key field. Firmware works only with the ASCII character set.
12. Click Accept.
If you entered a new pass phrase, the Authenticate Drive Security Settings screen
appears.
13. On the Authenticate Drive Security Settings screen, enter the security key and clickOk.
If you entered a new drive security key, the Authenticate Drive Security Settings
screen appears, as shown in Figure 62.

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Figure 62:

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Authenticate Drive Security Settings Screen

14. Enter the current security key and click Ok.
The text box for the security key can hold up to 32 characters. The key must be atleast eight characters. After you enter the correct security key, the Confirm screen
appears, as shown in Figure 63.

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Figure 63:

Confirm Screen

15. Click Yes to confirm that you want to change the drive security settings.
If the current security key is not needed, WebBIOS saves the changes to the security
settings and returns you to the main menu. If the current security key is needed, theAuthenicate Drive Security Settings screen appears.
4.6.3
Disabling the Drive Security
Settings

Perform the following steps to disable the drive security settings.
NOTE: If you disable the drive security settings, you cannot create any new secure
virtual drives. Disabling these settings does not affect the security or data of foreign
drives. If you removed any drives that were previously secured, you will still need toenter the security key when you import them.
1. Click Drive Security on the main WebBIOS screen.
The Drive Security screen appears, as shown in Figure 64.

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Figure 64:

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Drive Security

2. To disable the drive security settings, select Disable drive security and click
Accept.
The Confirm Disable Drive Security screen appears as shown in Figure 65.

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Figure 65:

Confirm Disable Drive Security Settings

3. On the Confirm Disable Security Settings screen, click Yes to confirm that you want
to disable the drive security settings.
WebBIOS returns you to the MSM main menu.
4.6.4
Importing Foreign
Configurations

After you create a security key, you can run a scan for a foreign configuration andimport a locked configuration. (You can import unsecured or unlocked configurations
when security is disabled.) A foreign configuration is a RAID configuration that alreadyexists on a replacement set of drives that you install in a computer system. You can use
the WebBIOS utility to import the existing configuration to the RAID controller or clear
the configuration so you can create a new one.
See Section 4.11.3, Importing or Clearing a Foreign Configuration for the procedures
used to import or clear a foreign configuration.
To import a foreign configuration, you must first enable security to allow importation oflocked foreign drives. If the drives are locked and the controller security is disabled, you
cannot import the foreign drives. Only unlocked drives can be imported when security
is disabled.
After you enable the security, you can import the locked drives. To import the locked
drives, you must provide the security key used to secure them. Verify whether any
drives are left to import as the locked drives can use different security keys. If there areany drives left, repeat the import process for the remaining drives. After all of the drives
are imported, there is no configuration to import.

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4.7
Viewing and Changing
Device Properties

This section explains how you can use the WebBIOS CU to view and change theproperties for controllers, virtual drives, drives, and BBUs.

4.7.1

WebBIOS displays information for one LSI SAS controller at a time. If your computer
system has multiple LSI SAS controllers, you can view information for a different
controller by clicking Controller Selection on the main screen. When the Controller
Selection screen appears, select the controller you want from the list.

Viewing Controller Properties

Follow these steps to view the properties of the currently selected controller.
1. Click Controller Properties on the main WebBIOS screen.
There are three Controller Properties screens. Figure 66 shows the first screen.

Figure 66:

First Controller Properties Screen

The information on this screen is read-only and cannot be modified directly. Most of
this information is self-explanatory. The screen lists the number of virtual drives thatare already defined on this controller, and the number of drives connected to thecontroller.
2. Click Next to view the second Controller Properties screen, as shown in Figure 67.

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Figure 67:

Second Controller Properties Screen

3. Click Next to view the third Controller Properties screen, as shown in Figure 68.

Figure 68:

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Third Controller Properties Screen

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Table 21 describes the entries/options listed on the second and third Controller
Properties screen. LSI recommends that you leave these options at their default
settings to achieve the best performance, unless you have a specific reason forchanging them.
Table 21: Controller Properties Menu Options
OptionDescription

Battery Backup

This entry indicates whether the selected controller has a BBU. If
present, you can click Present to view information about the BBU. For
more information, see Section 4.7.4, Viewing and Changing Battery
Backup Unit Information

Set Factory Defaults

Use this option to load the default MegaRAID® WebBIOS CU settings.
The default is No.

Cluster ModeUse this option to enable or disable Cluster mode. The default isDisabled. A cluster is a grouping of independent servers that can accessthe same data storage and provide services to a common set of clients.
When Cluster mode is disabled, the system operates in Standard mode.

Rebuild Rate

Use this option to select the rebuild rate for drives connected to theselected controller. The default is 30 percent. The rebuild rate is thepercentage of system resources dedicated to rebuilding a failed drive.
The higher the number, the more system resources devoted to arebuild.

BGI Rate

Use this option to select the amount of system resources dedicated tobackground initialization of virtual drives connected to the selected
controller. The default is 30 percent.

CC RateUse this option to select the amount of system resources dedicated toconsistency checks of virtual drives connected to the selected
controller. The default is 30 percent.

Reconstruction Rate

Use this option to select the amount of system resources dedicated toreconstruction of drives connected to the selected controller. The
default is 30 percent.

Controller BIOS

Use this option to enable or disable the BIOS for the selected controller.
The default is Enabled. If the boot device is on the selected controller,
the BIOS must be enabled; otherwise, the BIOS should be disabled or it
might not be possible to use a boot device elsewhere.

NCQ

Native Command Queuing (NCQ) gives an individual drive the ability to
optimize the order in which it executes the read and write commands.
The default is Enabled.

Coercion Mode

Drive coercion is a tool for forcing drives of varying capacities to thesame size so they can be used in a drive group. The coercion mode
options are None, 128MB-way, and 1GB-way. The default is None.
The number you choose depends on how much the drives from various
vendors vary in their actual size. LSI recommends that you use the 1GB
coercion mode option.

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S.M.A.R.T. Polling

Use this option to determine how frequently the controller polls fordrives reporting a Predictive Drive Failure (S.M.A.R.T.: Self-Monitoring
Analysis and Reporting Technology error). The default is 300 seconds (5minutes).

Alarm Control

Select this option to enable, disable, or silence the onboard alarm tone
generator on the controller. The default is Disabled.

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Table 21: Controller Properties Menu Options (Continued)
OptionDescription

Patrol Read Rate

Use this option to select the rate for patrol reads for drives connected tothe selected controller. The default is 30 percent. The patrol read rate is
the percentage of system resources dedicated to running a patrol read.
See Section 5.8, Patrol Read-Related Controller Properties for additional
information about patrol read.

Cache Flush Interval

Use this option to control the interval (in seconds) at which thecontents of the onboard data cache are flushed. The default is 4
seconds.

Spinup Drive CountUse this option to control the number of drives that spin up
simultaneously. The default is 2 drives.

Spinup Delay

Use this option to control the interval (in seconds) between spinup ofdrives connected to this controller. The delay prevents a drain on thesystem’s power supply that would occur if all drives spun up at the sametime.
The default is 12 seconds.

StopOnError

Enable this option if you want the boot process to stop when thecontroller BIOS encounters an error during boot-up. The default isDisabled.

Spin Down Delay Time Use this option to control the interval (in seconds) between spindownof drives connected to this controller. The delay prevents a drain on thesystem’s power supply that would occur if all drives spun down at thesame time.
The default is 30 minutes.
Stop CC on Error

Enable this option if you want to stop a consistency check when thecontroller BIOS encounters an error. The default is No.

Maintain PD FailHistory

Enable this option to maintain the history of all drive failures. The
default is Enabled.

Schedule CC

Indicates whether the option to schedule the date and time for aconsistency check is supported.

SnapshotUse this option to create a snapshot of a volume. MegaRAID Recovery,
also known as Snapshot, offers a simplified way to recover data andprovides automatic protection for the boot volume. You can use the
Recovery feature to take a snapshot of a volume and to restore avolume or file. Snapshot functionality allows you to capture datachanges to the volume, and, if data is deleted accidentally or
maliciously, restore the data from the view or roll back to a snapshot at
a previous point-in-time (PiT). MegaRAID Recovery supports up to eightsnapshots of PiTs for each volume.

If you make changes to the options on this screen, click Submit to register them. If youchange your mind, click Reset to return the options to their default values.
4.7.2
Viewing Virtual Drive
Properties, Policies, and Operations

WebBIOS displays properties, policies, and operations for virtual drives.
To view these items for the currently selected virtual drive, click on a virtual drive iconin the right panel on the WebBIOS CU main screen.
The Virtual Drive screen appears, as shown in Figure 69.

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Figure 69:

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Virtual Drive Screen

The Properties panel of this screen displays the virtual drive’s RAID level, state, capacity,
strip size.
The Policies panel lists the virtual drive policies that were defined when the storage
configuration was created. For information about these policies, see Section 4.4.3,
Using Manual Configuration To change any of these policies, make a selection from thedrop-down menu and click Change.
The Operations panel lists operations that can be performed on the virtual drive. To
perform an operation, select it and click Go. Choose from the following options:

Select Delete to delete this virtual drive. For more information, see Section 4.11.2,
Deleting a Virtual Drive.



Select Locate to make the LEDs flash on the drives used by this virtual drive. This
works only if the drives are installed in a drive enclosure that supports SAFTE(SCSI-Accessed-Fault-Tolerant-Enclosure).



Select Fast Init or Slow Init to initialize this virtual drive. A fast initialization quickly
writes zeroes to the first and last 10-MB regions of the new virtual drive and thencompletes the initialization in the background. A slow initialization is not complete
until the entire virtual drive has been initialized with zeroes. It is seldom necessary
to use this option, because the virtual drive was already initialized when you
created it.

CAUTION: Before you run an initialization, back up any data on the virtual drive thatyou want to save. All data on the virtual drive is lost when you initialize the drive.

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Select CC to run a consistency check on this virtual drive. For more information, see
Section 4.11.1, Running a Consistency Check. (This option is not available for RAID 0
virtual drives.)

Select AdvOpers to access screens to remove drives, migrate RAID levels (that is,change the virtual drive configuration by adding a drive and changing the RAID
level), and use MegaRAID Recovery.
See Section 4.11.4, Migrating the RAID Level of a Virtual Drive for information about
adding a drive to a virtual drive or migrating its RAID level. See Section 4.9, Using
MegaRAID Recovery for the MegaRAID Recovery procedure.



Select Enable MegaRAID Recovery to use MegaRAID Recovery, also known as
Snapshot. Recovery offers a simplified way to recover data and provides automatic
protection for the boot volume. You can use the Recovery feature to take a snapshotof a volume and to restore a volume or file.
See Section 4.9, Using MegaRAID Recovery for the MegaRAID Recovery procedure.



Select Expand to increase the size of a virtual drive to occupy the remaining
capacity in the drive group. In addition, you can add drives to the virtual drive inorder to increase capacity.
See Section 4.8, Expanding a Virtual Drive for the procedure you can use to expand avirtual drive.

CAUTION: Before you change a virtual drive configuration, back up any data on thevirtual drive that you want to save.
4.7.3

Viewing Drive Properties

The Physical Drive screen displays the properties of a selected drive and enables you to
perform operations on the drive. There are two ways to access the Physical Drive
screen:On the main menu screen, click on a drive in the right panel under the heading
Physical Drives.

On the main menu screen, click on Physical Drives in the left panel to display the
Physical Drive screen. Then click on a drive in the right panel. Click on theProperties button, and click Go. The properties for the selected drive displays.

Figure 70 shows the Physical Drive screen.

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Figure 70:

MegaRaid SAS Software User Guide

Physical Drive Screen

The drive properties are view-only and are self-explanatory. Note that the properties
include the state of the drive.
Operations you can perform are listed at the bottom of the screen. After you select anoperation, click Go to start the operation. The operations vary depending on the drivestate. If the drive state is Online, the following operations appear:Select MakeDriveOffline if you want to force the drive offline.

NOTE: If you force offline a good drive that is part of a redundant drive group with a hotspare, the drive will rebuild to the hot spare drive. The drive you forced offline will go
into the Unconfigured Bad state. Access the BIOS utility to set the drive to the
Unconfigured Good state.
Select Locate to make the LED flash on the drive. This works only if the drive isinstalled in a drive enclosure.

If the drive state is Unconfigured Good, four additional operations appear on thisscreen:Page 118



Select Make Global HSP to make a global hot spare, available to all of the virtual
drives.



Select Make Dedicated HSP to make a hot spare dedicated to a specific virtual
drive.

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WebBIOS displays the global hot spare as Global and the dedicated hot spare as
Ded. The icon for the dedicated hot spare displays under its associated virtual drive.
The drive number, drive state, drive capacity, and drive manufacturer display.
Select Enclosure Affinity so if there are drive failures present on a split backplaneconfiguration, then the hot spare will be used first on the backplane side that it
resides in.



Select Prepare for Removal to prepare the drive for removal from the enclosure.
The Prepare for Removal feature is different from spinning a drive down into
powersave mode because it also involves flagging the drive as ready to remove.
Therefore, if you choose to prepare a drive for removal, Ready to Remove displaysin the device tree for that drive, instead of Powersave.

4.7.4
Viewing and Changing Battery
Backup Unit Information

If your SAS controller has a battery backup unit (BBU), you can view information about
it and change some settings. To do this, follow these steps:
1. Click Controller Properties on the WebBIOS CU main menu screen.
The first Controller Information screen appears, as shown in Figure 71.

Figure 71:

First Controller Properties Screen

2. Click Next to view the second Controller Properties screen.
The second Controller Properties screen appears, as shown in Figure 72. The
Battery Backup field at the top left of the screen indicates whether the iBBU ispresent.

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Figure 72:

MegaRaid SAS Software User Guide

Second Controller Properties Screen

3. Click Present in the Battery Backup field.
The Battery Module screen appears, as shown in Figure 73. This screen contains thefollowing information:— Battery information— Design information— Capacity information— Auto Learn properties and settings

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Figure 73:

Battery Module Screen

Most of the Battery Module properties are view-only and are self-explanatory.
In the lower right corner of the screen are the auto learn options. A learning cycle is abattery calibration operation performed by the controller periodically to determine
the condition of the battery. You can change the learn delay interval (the length oftime between automatic learning cycles) and the auto learn mode.
NOTE: LSI recommends leaving the the learn delay interval and the auto learn mode attheir default settings.
4.7.4.1 Setting the Learn Delay
Interval

The learn delay interval is the length of time between automatic learning cycles.
Perform the following steps to change the interval:
a. Open the drop-down menu in the Auto Learn Mode field.
b. Select the learn mode as Auto (the default).
This is so the controller performs the learning cycle automatically.
c. Change the number of hours in the Learn Delay Interval field.
You can delay the start of the learn cycles for up to 168 hours (7 days).
d. Click Go to set the interval.

4.7.4.2
Mode

Setting the Auto Learn

You can start battery learning cycles manually or automatically. The Auto Learn
modes are:
— BBU Auto Learn: Firmware tracks the time since the last learning cycle andperforms a learn cycle when due.

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MegaRaid SAS Software User Guide— BBU Auto Learn Disabled: Firmware does not monitor or initiate a learning cycle.
You can schedule learning cycles manually.
— BBU Auto Learn Warn: Firmware warns about a pending learning cycle. You caninitiate a learning cycle manually. After the learning cycle is complete, firmware
resets the counter and warns you when the next learning cycle time is reached.
Perform the following steps to choose an auto learn mode:a. Open the drop-down menu in the Auto Learn Mode field.
b. Select an auto learn mode.
c. Click Go to set the auto learn mode.
NOTE: When you replace the iBBU, the charge cycle counter is reset automatically.

4.8

Expanding a Virtual Drive

You can increase the size of a virtual drive to occupy the remaining capacity in a drivegroup. In addition, you can add drives to the virtual drive in order to increase capacity.
Follow these steps to expand a virtual drive.
1. Access the Virtual Drive screen by clicking a virtual drive icon in the right panel on
the WebBIOS CU main screen.
The Virtual Drive screen appears, as shown in Figure 74.

Figure 74:

Virtual Drive Screen

2. Click the Expand radio button and then click Go.
The Expand Virtual Drive screen appears, as shown in Figure 75.

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Figure 75:

Expand Virtual Drive Screen

3. Enter the percentage of the available capacity that you want the virtual drive to use.
For example, if there are 100 GB of capacity available and you want to increase thesize of the virtual drive by 30 GB, select 30 percent.
4. Click Calculate to determine the capacity of the virtual drive after expansion.
5. Click Ok.
The virtual drive expands by the selected percentage of the available capacity.

4.9
Using MegaRAID
Recovery

MegaRAID Recovery, also known as Snapshot, offers a simplified way to recover dataand provides automatic protection for the boot volume. You can use the Recovery
feature to take a snapshot of a volume and to restore a volume or file. Snapshot
functionality allows you to capture data changes to the volume, and, if data is deleted
accidentally or maliciously, you can restore the data from the view or roll back to asnapshot at a previous point-in-time (PiT). MegaRAID Recovery supports up to eightsnapshots of PiTs for each volume.
Each Recovery PiT volume snapshot is typically a fraction of the original volume size,
because it tracks only the changes that are made to a volume after the PiT is created.
Disk space for PiTs is reserved in the Snapshot Repository virtual drive, and the PiT isexpanded in small increments as new data is written to the volume. Multiple PiTs ofeach volume can be retained online, enabling frequent snapshots to be stored in aspace-efficient manner.

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CAUTION: Do not select the virtual drive containing the operating system (OS) as theSnapshot Repository. Updates to the operating system or operating system crashes
could destroy data on that virtual drive.
4.9.1

Recovery Scenarios

There are three primary scenarios in which to use the Recovery feature:
1. Restore the missing or deleted files (restore from view).
a. Discover the files are missing or deleted.
b. Review the Snapshot views of the file content (also known as "mounting" afsnapshot) from each PiT until you find the missing file.
A Snapshot view contains the content from the Point-in-Time at which thesnapshot was made.
c. Drag and drop the missing file from Snapshot view back into the online storage
volume that was the source of the Snapshot.
2. If there are corrupt operating system files in a volume, roll back the volume to aprevious state.
a. Reboot the system and run WebBIOS.
b. Select the most recent snapshot that does not contain the corrupted or
malicious file to roll back to. Select the most recent PiT snapshot to roll back to.
c. Reboot the system.
The system automatically rolls back to its previous state based on the selected
PiT snapshot.
3. Reduce the risk of extended downtime during application updates/upgrades in the
IT center.
a. When the application is offline, take a snapshot of the application volume.
b. Install each patch individually and test for any new defects that might have been
introduced.
c. Take a snapshot after you test each patch and determine that it is clean.
d. If a defect is introduced, roll back to the previous installation and bypass theinstallation of the defective patch.
NOTE: If the volume is still damaged, continue to select from the next most current PiT
snapshot to the oldest.

4.9.2
Enabling the Recovery
Advanced Software

You can enable the Recovery advanced software in WebBIOS. After you enable
Recovery, you create two virtual drives - one as a Snapshot Base or source and the otheras a Snapshot Repository. The Snapshot Base virtual drive contains the data that isstored in the repository virtual drive.
Follow these steps to enable MegaRAID Recovery.
1. Click on a virtual drive icon in the right panel on the WebBIOS CU main screen toaccess the Virtual Drive screen.
The Virtual Drive screen appears, as shown in Figure 76.

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Figure 76:

Virtual Drive Screen

2. Click Enable MegaRAID Recovery in the Operations panel of the screen.
3. Click Go in the Operations panel of the screen.
The Enable MegaRAID Recovery screen appears, as shown in Figure 77.

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Figure 77:

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Enable MegaRAID Recovery Screen

4. Select a virtual drive from the list of virtual drives in the Select Snapshot
Repository drop-down menu.
This is the Snapshot Repository virtual drive. This drive stores the snapshot data.
Make sure you select a Snapshot Repository virtual drive with enough available
capacity. The available capacity is the largest free block of capacity on the selected
repository.
NOTE: A Snapshot Base virtual drive and a Snapshot Repository virtual drive can beassociated with the same drives or a common set of drives, or the two virtual drives canbe located on two completely separate set of drives. Using a separate set of drives for
the Snapshot Base virtual drive and the Snapshot Repository virtual drives provides aperformance advantage over using a common set of drives.
5. Click the Update Capacity button to determine the available capacity of theselected repository.
CAUTION: Do not select the virtual drive containing the operating system as theSnapshot Repository. Updates to the operating system crashes can destroy data on that
virtual drive.
6. In the Enter Capacity field, select the available capacity in the Snapshot Repository
to use for changes to the base virtual drive .

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The capacity is dependent on how write-intensive the application is that you aretaking snapshots of. The available capacity is the largest free block of capacity on
the Snapshot Repository virtual drive.
NOTE: If you use all of the space of the Repository virtual drive, there will be insufficientspace to create a snapshot and a view.
7. (Optional) If desired, check the box next to the Take Snapshot On Reboot field tohave a snapshot taken when the system reboots.
If you select this option, a snapshot is taken on boot after every successful
shutdown. You can use this snapshot of the boot virtual drive to restore theoperating system on the virtual drive in case the virtual drive becomes corrupted.
CAUTION: Copy all of your data to another virtual drive before you select this option. If
there is any existing data on this virtual drive, it will be lost.
8. Click Accept.
A confirmation dialog box appears.
9. Confirm that you want to make these selections.
This virtual drive becomes a snapshot repository. Use it only for storing
snapshot-related data.
CAUTION: After you enable snapshots on this virtual drive, you cannot change theallocated percentage of capacity or the snapshot repository without first disabling
snapshots and losing any snapshot data.
4.9.3

Creating Snapshots and Views

You can use WebBIOS to create up to eight snapshots of a volume. WebBIOS shows thesnapshots in chronological order from the oldest to the newest. Each snapshot is a PiT
snapshot of the virtual drive that is the Snapshot Base. First, create the Snapshot Basevirtual drive and then create the snapshot.
After you create the snapshots, you can create views of the PiT snapshots. You cansearch the views to find a snapshot that does not contain the corrupt data or asnapshot that contains the deleted data, depending on the situation. After you create asnapshot, you can reboot and roll back to a snapshot to restore data.
Follow these steps to create a snapshot.
1. Enable MegaRAID Recovery.
See Section 4.9.2, Enabling the Recovery Advanced Software, for the procedure used
to enable MegaRAID Recovery in WebBIOS.
2. Click on the Snapshot Base virtual drive in the Logical View on the main screen to go
to the operations for the Snapshot Base virtual drive.
The Snapshot Base Virtual Drive screen appears, as shown in Figure 78.

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Figure 78:

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Snapshot Base Virtual Drive Operations

3. Click Show Snapshots in the Operations panel.
The Snapshot Base Properties screen appears, as shown in Figure 79.

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Figure 79:

Snapshot Base Properties

4. Enter a snapshot name in the Enter snapshot name textbox and click Create
Snapshot.
This creates a snapshot that appears as a link in the Snapshot Timeline.
5. Click on the link of a specific snapshot.
The snapshot details appear.
6. Click Create View.
The Create View screen appears, as shown in Figure 80.

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Figure 80:

MegaRaid SAS Software User Guide

Create View Screen

7. Enter a view name in the Enter View Name field, specify the capacity of the view in
the Enter Capacity field and click OK.
This creates the view. After you create a view, you can view details about both thesnapshot and the view on a single page, as shown in Figure 81.

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Figure 81:
4.9.4

Creating Concurrent Snapshots

Snapshot and View Details

If you have created multiple Snapshot Base virtual drives, you can create snapshots on
all of them at one time (concurrent snapshots). Each snapshot has the same name andtimestamp.
Follow these steps to create concurrent snapshots.
1. Click Controller Properties on the WebBIOS main screen.
The first Controller Properties screen displays. There are three Controller Properties
screen.
2. Click Next to on the first two Controller Properties screens to access the third
Controller Properties screen, as shown in Figure 82.

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Figure 82:

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Third Controller Properties Screen

3. Click Create in the Snapshot field.
The Snapshot Base Properties screen appears, as shown in Figure 83.

Figure 83:

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4. Enter a snapshot name in the Enter Snapshot Name field.
5. Select the Snapshot Base virtual drives on which you want to create concurrent
snapshots.
6. Click Create Snapshot.
This creates a snapshot with same name and the same timestamp on all of theselected Snapshot Base virtual drives.
4.9.5
Selecting the Snapshot
Settings

You can use the Snapshot Settings screen to perform the following actions:

Take a snapshot on reboot.
This action takes a snapshot of the virtual drive when you reboot after every
successful system shutdown. This feature is mainly intended to take a snapshot ofboot virtual drives to allow the operating system to be restored in case ofcorruption.

Enable automatic deletion of a snapshot.
This action deletes the oldest snapshot automatically and lets you create a newsnapshot.

Follow these steps to enable the snapshot settings.
1. Click a virtual drive icon in the right panel on the WebBIOS CU main screen.
The Virtual Drive screen appears, as shown in Figure 84.

Figure 84:

Virtual Drive Screen

2. Click Snapshot Settings.
The Snapshot Settings screen appears, as shown in Figure 85.

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Figure 85:

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Snapshot Settings Screen

3. Check the boxes next to Take Snapshot on Reboot and Enable AutoDelete ofSnapshot.
4. Click OK.
4.9.6

Viewing Snapshot Properties

You can view the properties of a snapshot, such as the total capacity, capacity used, andcapacity available.
Follow these steps to view snapshot properties.
1. Click a virtual drive icon in the right panel on the WebBIOS CU main screen.
The Virtual Drive screen appears, as shown in Figure 86.

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Figure 86:

Virtual Drive Screen

2. Click Snapshot Properties.
The Snapshot Repository Properties screen appears, as shown in Figure 87.

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Figure 87:

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Snapshot Repository Properties

3. Click OK to return to the Virtual Drive screen.
4.9.7
Restoring a Virtual Drive by
Rolling Back to a Snapshot

You can roll back to a previous Point-in-Time snapshot to recover an entire volume. Thisaction is often used where there are malicious files that cannot be traced. Reboot thesystem, and then roll back to a snapshot that does not have the malicious or corrupt
files.
Follow these steps to roll back the volume version to an earlier version.
1. After you determine there are malicious or corrupt files, start the WebBIOS
configuration utility.
2. Access the Virtual Drive screen by clicking on a Snapshot Base virtual drive icon in
the right panel on the WebBIOS CU main screen.
The Virtual Drive screen appears, as shown in Figure 88.

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Figure 88:

Virtual Drive Screen

3. Click the AdvOpers radio button and then click Go.
The Advanced Operations screen appears, as shown in Figure 89.

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Figure 89:

MegaRaid SAS Software User Guide

Advanced Operations Screen

4. Select a snapshot from the drop-down menu.
If the volume is still damaged, continue to select from the next most current PiT
snapshot to the oldest.
5. Click Go.
The system rolls back to the selected PiT snapshot and returns you to a snapshotthat does not have the malicious or corrupt files.
4.9.8

Clearing Snapshots

You can clear (delete) the snapshots of the Snapshot Base virtual drive.
Follow these steps to clear all of the snapshots.
1. Access the Virtual Drive screen by clicking a Snapshot Base virtual drive icon in theright panel on the WebBIOS CU main screen.
The Virtual Drive screen appears, as shown in Figure 90.

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Figure 90:

Virtual Drive Screen

2. Click the AdvOpers radio button and then click Go.
The Advanced Operations screen appears, as shown in Figure 91.

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Figure 91:

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Advanced Operations Screen

3. Click Clear Snapshots.
4. Click Go.
This action deletes all of the snapshots.
4.9.9
Cleaning up a Snapshot
Repository

The clean up option can be performed only on a Snapshot Repository virtual drive.
Perform a cleanup if a Snapshot Base virtual drive goes offline and the Snapshot
Repository virtual drive is still connected to the system. After you perform the cleanup,
memory that was allocated to the offline base virtual drives will be available to theSnapshot Repository virtual drive.
Follow these steps to clean up a Snapshot Repository.
1. Access the Virtual Drive screen by clicking on a Snapshot Repository virtual drive
icon in the right panel on the WebBIOS CU main screen.
The Virtual Drive screen appears, as shown in Figure 90.

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Figure 92:

Virtual Drive Screen

2. Click the AdvOpers radio button and then click Go.
The Advanced Operations screen appears, as shown in Figure 91.

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Figure 93:

MegaRaid SAS Software User Guide

Advanced Operations Screen

3. Click Cleanup Snapshot Repository.
4. Click Go.
This action cleans up the Snapshot Repository.

4.10 Viewing System Event
Information

The SAS controller firmware monitors the activity and performance of all storage
configurations and devices in the system. When an event occurs (such as the creationof a new virtual drive or the removal of a drive) an event message is generated and isstored in the controller NVRAM.
You can use the WebBIOS CU to view these event messages. To do this, click Events on
the main WebBIOS CU screen. The Event Information screen appears, as shown in
Figure 94.

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Figure 94:

Event Information Screen

The right side of the screen is blank until you select an event to view. The First
Sequence and Last Sequence fields in the upper left of the screen show you how many
event entries are currently stored.
To view event information, follow these steps:
1. Select an Event Locale from the menu. For example, select Enclosure to view events
relating to the drive enclosure.
2. Select an Event Class: Information, Warning, Critical, Fatal, or Dead.
3. Enter a Start Sequence number, between the First Sequence and Last Sequencenumbers. The higher the number, the more recent the event.
4. Enter the Number of events of this type that you want to view, and click Go.
The first event in the sequence appears in the right panel.
5. Click Next or Prev to page forward or backward through the sequence of events.
6. If you want, select different event criteria in the left panel, and click Go again toview a different sequence of events.
Each event entry includes a timestamp and a description to help you determine whenthe event occurred and what it was.

4.11

Managing Configurations

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This section includes information about maintaining and managing storage
configurations.

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4.11.1

Running a Consistency Check

MegaRaid SAS Software User Guide

You should periodically run a consistency check on fault-tolerant virtual drives. A
consistency check verifies that the redundancy data is correct and available for RAID 1,
RAID 5, RAID 6, RAID 10, RAID 50, and RAID 60 drive groups. To do this, follow thesesteps:
1. On the main WebBIOS CU screen, select a virtual drive.
2. Click Virtual Drives.
3. When the Virtual Drive screen appears, select CC in the lower left panel, and click
Go.
The consistency check begins.
If the WebBIOS CU finds a difference between the data and the parity value on the
redundant drive group, it assumes that the data is accurate and automatically corrects
the parity value. Be sure to back up the data before running a consistency check if you
think the data might be corrupted.

4.11.2

Deleting a Virtual Drive

You can delete any virtual drive on the controller if you want to reuse that space for a
new virtual drive. The WebBIOS CU provides a list of configurable drive groups where
there is a space to configure. If multiple virtual drives are defined on a single drivegroup, you can delete a virtual drive without deleting the whole drive group.
CAUTION: Back up any data that you want to keep before you delete the virtual drive.
To delete a virtual drive, follow these steps.
1. Access the Virtual Drive screen by clicking on a virtual drive icon in the right panelon the WebBIOS CU main screen.
The Virtual Drive screen appears.
2. Select Delete in the bottom panel under the heading Operations, and click Go.
3. When the message appears, confirm that you want to delete the virtual drive.

4.11.3 Importing or Clearing a
Foreign Configuration

A foreign configuration is a storage configuration that already exists on a replacement
set of drives that you install in a computer system.
In addition, if one or more drives are removed from a configuration, by a cable pull or
drive removal, for example, the configuration on those drives is considered a foreign
configuration by the RAID controller.
The BIOS CU allows you to import the foreign configuration to the RAID controller, or toclear the configuration so you can create a new configuration using these drives.
NOTE: When you create a new configuration, the WebBIOS CU shows only theunconfigured drives. Drives that have existing configurations, including foreign
configurations, will not appear. To use drives with existing configurations, you must firstclear the configuration on those drives.
If WebBIOS CU detects a foreign configuration, the Foreign Configuration screen
appears, as shown in Figure 95.

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Figure 95:

Foreign Configuration Import Screen

Follow these steps to import or clear a foreign configuration.
1. Click the drop-down list to show the configurations.
The GUID (Global Unique Identifier) entries on the drop-down list are OEM names
and will vary from one installation to another.
2. Select a configuration or All Configurations.
3. Perform one of the following steps:
a. Click Preview to preview the foreign configuration(s).
The Foreign Configuration Preview screen appears, as shown in Figure 96.
b. Click Clear to clear the foreign configuration(s) and reuse the drives for anothervirtual drive.
If you click Cancel, it cancels the importation or preview of the foreign
configuration.

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Figure 96:

MegaRaid SAS Software User Guide

Foreign Configuration Preview Screen

The right panel shows the virtual drive properties of the foreign configuration. In
this example, there are two RAID 1 virtual drives with 67.843 GB each. The left panel
shows the drives in the foreign configuration.
4. Click Import to import this foreign configuration(s) and use it on this controller.
If you click Cancel, you return to Figure 95.
4.11.3.1 Foreign Configurations
in Cable Pull and Drive Removal
Scenarios

If one or more drives are removed from a configuration, by a cable pull or drive
removal, for example, the configuration on those drives is considered a foreign
configuration by the RAID controller.
Use the Foreign Configuration Preview screen to import or clear the foreign
configuration in each case. The import procedure and clear procedure are described in
Section 4.11.3, Importing or Clearing a Foreign Configuration
The following scenarios can occur with cable pulls or drive removals.
NOTE: If you want to import the foreign configuration in any of the following scenarios,
you should have all of the drives in the enclosure before you perform the import
operation.


Scenario #1: If all of the drives in a configuration are removed and re-inserted, thecontroller considers the drives to have foreign configurations.
Import or clear the foreign configuration. If you select Import, automatic rebuilds
will occur in redundant virtual drives.

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NOTE: Start a consistency check immediately after the rebuild is complete to ensure
data integrity for the virtual drives.
See Section 4.11.1, Running a Consistency Check for more information about checking
data consistency.
Scenario #2: If some of the drives in a configuration are removed and re-inserted,the controller considers the drives to have foreign configurations.
Import or clear the foreign configuration. If you select Import, automatic rebuilds
will occur in redundant virtual drives.

NOTE: Start a consistency check immediately after the rebuild is complete to ensure
data integrity for the virtual drives.
See Section 4.11.1, Running a Consistency Check for more information about checking
data consistency.
Scenario #3: If all of the drives in a virtual drive are removed, but at different times,
and re-inserted, the controller considers the drives to have foreign configurations.
Import or clear the foreign configuration. If you select Import, all drives that were
pulled before the virtual drive became offline will be imported and thenautomatically rebuilt. Automatic rebuilds will occur in redundant virtual drives.



If the drives in a non-redundant virtual drive are removed, the controller considers
the drives to have foreign configurations.
Import or clear the foreign configuration. No rebuilds occur after the import
operation because there is no redundant data to rebuild the drives with.

4.11.3.2 Importing Foreign
Configurations from Integrated
RAID to MegaRAID

The LSI Integrated RAID solution simplifies the configuration options and provides
firmware support in its host controllers. LSI offers two types of Integrated RAID (IR):Integrated Mirroring (IM) and Integrated Striping (IS).
You can import an IM or IS RAID configuration from an IR system into a MegaRAID
system. The MegaRAID system treats the IR configuration as a foreign configuration.
You can import or clear the IR configuration.
NOTE: For more information about Integrated RAID, refer to the Integrated RAID for SAS
User’s Guide. You can find this document on the LSI web site at:
http://www.lsi.com/cm/DownloadSearch.do.

4.11.3.3 Troubleshooting
Information

An IR virtual drive can have either 64 MB or 512 MB available for metadata at the end of
the drive. This data is in LSI Data Format (LDF). MegaRAID virtual drives have 512 MB for
metadata at the end of the drive in the Disk Data Format (DDF).
To import an IR virtual drive into MegaRAID, the IR virtual drive must have 512 MB in themetadata, which is the same amount of megadata as in a MegaRAID virtual drive. If theIR virtual drive has only 64 MB when you attempt to import it into MegaRAID, theimport will fail because the last 448 MB of your data will be overwritten and the data
lost.

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If your IR virtual drive has only 64 MB for metadata at the end of the drive, you cannot
import the virtual drive into MegaRAID. You need to use another upgrade method,such as backup/restore to the upgraded virtual drive type.
In order to import an IR virtual drive into a MegaRAID system, use the Foreign
Configuration Preview screen to import or clear the foreign configuration. The importprocedure and the clear procedure are described in Section 4.11.3, Importing or
Clearing a Foreign Configuration
4.11.4 Migrating the RAID Level of a
Virtual Drive

As the amount of data and the number of drives in your system increase, you can use
RAID-level migration to change a virtual drive from one RAID level to another. You do
not have to power down or reboot the system. When you migrate a virtual drive, you
can keep the same number of drives, or you can add drives. You can use the WebBIOS
CU to migrate the RAID level of an existing virtual drive.
NOTE: While you can apply RAID-level migration at any time, LSI recommends that you
do so when there are no reboots. Many operating systems issues I/O operations serially(one at a time) during boot. With a RAID-level migration running, a boot can often takemore than 15 minutes.
Migrations are allowed for the following RAID levels:


RAID 0 to RAID 1RAID 0 to RAID 5

RAID 0 to RAID 6

RAID 1 to RAID 0

RAID 1 to RAID 5

RAID 1 to RAID 6

RAID 5 to RAID 0

RAID 5 to RAID 6

RAID 6 to RAID 0

RAID 6 to RAID 5

Table 22 lists the number of additional drives required when you change the RAID levelof a virtual drive.
Table 22: Additional Drives Required for RAID-Level Migration
Original Number of Drives in DriveGroup

Additional Drives
Required

RAID 0 to RAID 1

RAID 0: 1 drive

1

RAID 0 to RAID 5

RAID 0: 1 drive

2

RAID 0 to RAID 6

RAID 0: 1 drive

3

RAID 1 to RAID 5

RAID 1: 2 drives

1

RAID 1 to RAID 6

RAID 1: 2 drives

1

From RAID Level to RAID Level

Follow these steps to migrate the RAID level:

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CAUTION: Back up any data that you want to keep before you change the RAID level ofthe virtual drive.
1. On the main WebBIOS CU screen, select a virtual drive.
2. Click Virtual Drives.
The Virtual Drive screen appears.
3. Select AdvOpers under the Operations heading.
The Advanced Operations screen appears, as shown in Figure 97.

Figure 97:

Advanced Operations Screen

4. Select either Change RAID Level or Change RAID Level and Add Drive.
— If you select Change RAID Level, change the RAID level from the drop-down
menu.
— If you select Change RAID Level and Add Drive, change the RAID level fromthe drop-down menu and then select one or more drives to add from the list ofdrives.
The available RAID levels are limited, based on the current RAID level of the virtual
drive plus the number of drives available.
5. Click Go.
6. When the message appears, confirm that you want to migrate the RAID level of thevirtual drive.
A reconstruction operation begins on the virtual drive. You must wait until thereconstruction is completed before you perform any other tasks in the WebBIOS CU.

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4.11.5 New Drives Attached to a
MegaRAID Controller

MegaRaid SAS Software User Guide

When you insert a new drive on a MegaRAID system, if the inserted drive does notcontain valid DDF metadata, the drive displays as JBOD for MegaRAID Entry level
controllers, such as the SAS 9240-4i/8i. If the drive does contain valid DDF metadata, its
drive state is Unconfigured Good.
A new drive in JBOD drive state is exposed to the host operating system as astand-alone drive. Drives in JBOD drive state are not part of the RAID configuration
because they do not have valid DDF records. The operating system can install and run
anything on JBOD drives.
Automatic rebuilds always occur when the drive slot status changes, for example, when
you insert a drive or remove a drive, so that a hot spare can be used. However, a new
drive in JBOD drive state (without a valid DDF record), will not perform an automatic
rebuild.
To start an automatic rebuild on the new JBOD drive, you must change the drive statefrom JBOD to Unconfigured Good. (Rebuilds start only on Unconfigured Good drives.)
After you set the drive state to Unconfigured Good, the drive state information always
remains on the drive, and you can use the drive for configuration.
See Section 4.11.3.3, Troubleshooting Information for more information about DDF andmetadata.

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Chapter 5
MegaRAID Command Tool
The MegaRAID Command Tool (CT) is a command line interface (CLI) application forSAS. You can use this utility to configure, monitor, and maintain MegaRAID SAS RAID
controllers and the devices connected to them.
NOTE: The CT supports only MegaRAID controllers that support SAS and SATA II. It does
not support other types of MegaRAID controllers, such as U320, SATA I, or IDE.

NOTE: The IA-64 release for Windows is similar to the 32-bit release, so you can follow
the 32-bit instructions. 32-bit applications that were validated on an x64 system, such as
the Intel Markette system, can use the 32-bit instructions, also.

5.1

Product Overview

LSI Corporation Confidential | June 2010

The MegaCLI Configuration Utility is a command line interface application you can use
to manage MegaRAID SAS RAID controllers. You can use MegaCLI Configuration Utility
to perform the following tasks:Configure MegaRAID SAS RAID controllers and attached devices



Display information about virtual drives and drives for the controller and otherstorage components

Display ongoing progress for operations on drives and virtual drives

Change properties for the virtual drives and drives for the controller and otherstorage components

Set, retrieve, and verify controller default settings



Change the firmware on the controllers



Monitor the RAID storage systems



Support RAID levels 0, 1, 5, 6, 10, 50, and 60 (depending on the RAID controller)

Create and use scripts with the scriptable CLI toolConfigure drive into groups and virtual drives on the controller

Display configuration information for the controller, drives, and virtual drives

Change virtual drive properties on the controller

Change drive properties on the controller

Display controller properties

Load configuration to the controller from a file

Save the controller configuration to a fileStart or stop a rebuild, consistency check (CC), or initialization operation

Enable or disable a background initialization (BGI)

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Stop or display an ongoing background initialization

Start or display a reconstructionStart or stop patrol read

Set and retrieve patrol read related settingsFlash new firmware on the SAS RAID controller

Read and program NVRAM and flash memory directly into DOS

Display relevant messages on the console and/or in the log fileDisplay controller data using one command

Exit with predefined success or failure exit codesScan, preview, and import foreign configurations



Set predefined environment variables, such as the number of controllers and virtual
drives

Display firmware event logs

Display help for how to use the command line options

Enable or disable snapshots (for the Recovery advanced software feature)

Create and delete snapshots and views of a virtual driveRoll back the virtual drive to an older snapshotDisplay snapshot properties

Create a CacheCade virtual drive to use as secondary cache

Display battery unit properties

Display enclosure properties

Display and set connector mode on supported controllers

The following sections describe the command line options in the MegaCLI
Configuration Utility that you can use to perform these functions.
NOTE: The MegaCLI error messages are listed in Appendix B.
NOTE: The MegaCLI Configuration Utility has support for the Intel® Itanium (64-bit)
platform. MegaCLI is the only application currently supported on IPF system.

5.2
Novell NetWare, SCO,
Solaris, FreeBSD, and DOS
Operating System Support

The MegaCLI Configuration Utility functions under the Novell® NetWare®, SCO®
OpenServer™, SCO UnixWare®, Solaris, FreeBSD, and DOS operating systems in the same
way that it does under the Windows and Linux operating systems. All of the commands
supported for the Windows and Linux operating systems are supported for the
NetWare, SCO, and Solaris operating systems as well.
For the SCO OpenServer and SCO UnixWare operating systems, LSI provides an
executable file that you can execute from any folder, and an image of the same
executable file on a floppy drive. The image filename is MegaCLI.image. The floppy
disk is provided so that you can distribute MegaCLI and install the executable file lateras needed.

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Chapter 5: MegaRAID Command Tool | Command Line Abbreviations and Conventions

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For the Solaris operating system, LSI releases MegaCLI as a package that can beinstalled like any other package installation in Solaris.
For the Novell NetWare operating system, LSI provides an executable file,
MegaCLI.nlm, that you can execute from any folder. No installation is required. The
output of all of the commands appears in the console window.

5.3
Command Line
Abbreviations and Conventions

This section explains the abbreviations and conventions used with MegaCLI
Configuration Utility commands.

5.3.1
Abbreviations Used in theCommand Line

Table 23 lists the abbreviations for the virtual drive parameters used in the following
sections.
Table 23: Command Line Abbreviations
Abbreviation

5.3.2

Conventions

Description

WB

WriteBack write policy

WT

WriteThrough write policy

ADRA

Adaptive Read Ahead read policy

RA

Read Ahead read policy

NORA

Normal Read policy (No read ahead)

DIO

Direct I/O cache policy

CIO

Cached I/O cache policy

There are some options for which you can specify multiple values.
You can enter commands for a single controller (–aN), multiple controllers (-a0,1,2) orwork on all present controllers (-aALL). This is denoted as –aN|-a0,1,2|-aALL in thisdocument and specifies that you can enter commands for one controller, multiple
controllers, or all controllers.
NOTE: All options in the MegaRAID Command Tool are position-dependent, unlessotherwise specified.
Table 24 describes the conventions used in the options.
Table 24: Conventions
Convention

LSI Corporation Confidential | June 2010

Description|

Specifies “or,” meaning you can choose between options.

-aN

N specifies the controller number for the command.

-a0,1,2

Specifies the command is for controllers 0, 1, and 2. You can select two or
more controllers in this manner.

-aALL

Specifies the command is for all controllers.

-Lx

x specifies the virtual drive number for the command.

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Table 24: Conventions (Continued)
Convention

Description-L0,1,2

Specifies the command is for virtual drives 0, 1, and 2. You can select two or
more virtual drives in this manner.

-Lall

Specifies the command is for all virtual drives.

[E0:S0,E1,S1 Specifies when one or more physical devices need(s) to be specified in the,…]command line. Each [E:S] pair specifies one physical device where Emeans device ID of the enclosure in which a drive resides, and S means theslot number of the enclosure.
In the case of a physical device directly connected to the SAS port on thecontroller, with no enclosure involved, the format of [:S] can be used
where S means the port number on the controller. For devices attachedthrough the backplane, the firmware provides an enclosure device ID and
MegaCLI expects the user input in the format of [E:S]. In the following
sections, only the format, [E:S], is used in the command descriptions,although both formats are valid.
[ ]Indicates that the parameter is optional except when it is used to specify
physical devices. For example, [WT] means the write policy (WriteThrough)is optional.
If you enter WT at the command line, the application will use WriteThroughwrite policy for the virtual drive. Otherwise, it uses the default value for theparameter.

{ }Indicates that the parameters are grouped and that they must be given at
the same time.

-ForceSpecifies that the MegaCLI utility does not ask you for confirmation
before it performs this command. You might lose data using this option
with some commands.

You can specify the -Silent command line option for all possible functions of the
MegaCLI Configuration Utility. If you enter this option at the command line, no
message displays on the screen.

5.4

Pre-boot MegaCLI

A second CLI utility, known as Pre-boot MegaCLI (PCLI), is available. You can enter thisutility during bootup. PCLI gives you an alternative way to access the CLI utility.
To access PCLI, while the host computer is booting, hold down the <Ctrl> key and press
the <Y> key when the following text appears on the screen:
Copyright© LSI Logic Corporation
Press <Ctrl><Y> for Preboot CLI
The following commands that are in the regular MegaCLI utility are not available in
PCLI:Page 154



AdpSetVerify



AdpCcSched

AdpDiag

AdpBatTest

option ProgDsply

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Chapter 5: MegaRAID Command Tool | CacheCade-Related Options

MegaRaid SAS Software User Guide

5.5
CacheCade-Related
Options

CfgSave

CfgRestore

AdpBbuCmd



AdpFacDefSet

AdpFwFlash

AdpGetConnectorMode

AdpSetConnectorMode

DirectPdMapping

ShowEnclList

ShowVpd



EnclLocate



PdFwDownload

SetFacDefault



PDCpyBk

AdpFwDump

Snapshot
Enbl/Setprop/Dsbl/TakeSnapshot/DeleteSnapshot/CreateView/DeleteView/Info/Cl
ean/GetViewInfo

AdpSetProp DefaultSnapshotSpace/DefaultViewSpace/AutoSnapshotSpaceUse the commands in this section to create CacheCade drives and delete them.
MegaRAID CacheCade improves application performance by expanding the MegaRAID
read-caching capacity. The CacheCade feature uses high-performing solid state drives(SSDs) as a secondary tier of cache to provide faster reads and to maximize
transactional I/O performance.
Using SSDs as controller cache allows for very large data sets to be present in cache,delivering performance up to 50 times greater than regular cache in read-intensive
applications, such as online transaction processing (OLTP), and file and Web server
workloads. The solution is designed to accelerate the IO performance of HDD-based
drive groups while only requiring a small investment in SSD technology.
To support full-throughput for multiple direct-attached SSDs, this feature reduces
IO-processing overhead in the SAS 6Gb/s MegaRAID controllers. CacheCade offers
performance equivalent to flash-based controllers and better performance for RAID 5
and RAID 6 when compared to Fusion I/O.

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Chapter 5: MegaRAID Command Tool | SafeStore Security Options

5.5.1
Create a Solid State Drive
Cache Drive to Use as Secondary Cache

MegaRaid SAS Software User Guide

Use the command in Table 25 to create a cache drive using Solid State Drives (SSD). You
can use that cache as secondary cache. SSDs have much greater capacity than HDDs.
Table 25: Create a Solid State Cache Drive to Use as Secondary Cache

5.5.2
Delete a Solid State Drive
Cache Drive

Convention

MegaCli -CfgSscdAdd -Physdrv[E0:S0,...] {-Name
LdNamestring} -aN|-a0,1,2|-aALL

Description

This command is used to create SSD cache drive that you can use as
secondary cache.
-Physdrv[E0:S0,...]: Specifies the physical drive enclosure and theslots to use to construct a drive group.
-Name LdNamestring: This is the name given to the SSD cache drive.

Use the command in Table 26 to delete a SSD cache drive or multiple SSD cache driveson the selected controller(s).
Table 26: Delete Solid State Cache Drive(s)5.6
SafeStore Security
Options

Convention

MegaCli -CfgSscdDel -LX|-L0,2,5...|-LALL-aN|-a0,1,2|-aALL

Description

Deletes the specified SSD cache drive or drives on the selected controller(s).
You can delete multiple SSD cache drives or all of the SSD caches.

Use the commands in this section to manage the SafeStore Security feature. Thisfeature offers the ability to encrypt data on disks and use disk-based key management
to provide data security. With this feature, data is encrypted by the drives. You candesignate which data to encrypt at the individual virtual drive (VD) level.
This solution provides data protection in the event of theft or loss of physical drives.
With self-encrypting disks, if you remove a drive from its storage system or the server it
is housed in, the data on that drive is encrypted and useless to anyone who attempts toaccess without the the appropriate security authorization.
Any encryption solution requires management of the encryption keys. This featureprovides a way to manage these keys. You can change the encryption key for all
ServeRAID controllers that are connected to SED drives. All SED drives, whether locked
or unlocked, always have an encryption key. This key is set by the drive and is always
active. When the drive is unlocked, the data to host from the drive (on reads) and fromthe host to the drive cache (on writes) is always provided. However, when resting on
the drive platters, the data is always encrypted by the drive.
In the following options, [E0:S0, E1:S1] specifies the enclosure ID and slot ID for thedrive.
See Chapter 3, SafeStore Disk Encryption for more information about the SED feature.

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5.6.1
Use Instant Secure Erase on a
Physical Drive

Use the command in Table 27 to perform an Instant Secure Erase of data on a physicaldrive. The Instant Secure Erase feature lets you erase data on SED drives.
Table 27: Use Instant Secure Erase on a Physical Drive
Convention

MegaCli -PDInstantSecureErase-PhysDrv[E0:S0,E1:S1,...] | [-Force]-aN|-a0,1,2|-aALL

Description

Erases the data on a specified drive or drives.
-PDInstantSecureErase: Use the Instant Secure Erase feature toerase data on a drive or drives.
-PhysDrv[E0:S0,...]: Specifies the drive(s) that you want toperform the Instant Secure Erase on.
-Force: Specifies that the MegaCLI utility does not ask you forconfirmation before it performs this command (you might lose datausing this option with some commands).
NOTE: NOTE: Previously -szXXX expressed capacity in MB but now you canenter the capacity in your choice of units. For example, to create a virtual
drive of 10 GB, enter the size as sz10GB. If you do not enter a unit, by default
it is considered as MB.

5.6.2

Secure Data on a Virtual Drive

Use the command in Table 28 to secure data on a virtual drive.
Table 28: Secure Data on a Virtual Drive

5.6.3

Destroy the Security Key

Convention

MegaCli -LDMakeSecure -Lx|-L0,1,2,...|-Lall-aN|-a0,1,2|-aALL

Description

Secures data on a specified virtual drive or drives.

Use the command in Table 29 to destroy the security key.
Table 29: Destroy the Security Key

LSI Corporation Confidential | June 2010

Convention

MegaCli -DestroySecurityKey | [-Force] -aN

Description

Destroys the security key. The controller uses the security key to lock andunlock access to the secure user data. This key is encrypted into the security
key blob and stored on the controller.
Re-provisioning disables the security system of a device. For a controller, it
involves destroying the security key. For SED drives, when the drive lock key
is deleted, the drive is unlocked and any user data on the drive is securely
deleted.

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5.6.4

Create a Security Key

MegaRaid SAS Software User Guide

Use the command in Table 30 to create a security key.
Table 30: Create a Security Key

5.6.5

Change the Security Key

Convention

MegaCli -CreateSecurityKey -SecurityKey
sssssssssss | [-Passphrase sssssssssss]|[-KeyID kkkkkkkkkkk] -aN

Description

Creates a security key based on a user-provided string. The controller uses
the security key to lock and unlock access to the secure user data. This key is
encrypted into the security key blob and stored on the controller. If the
security key is unavailable, user data is irretrievably lost. You must take all
precautions to never lose the security key.
-CreateSecurityKey: Creates the security key.
-SecurityKey sssssssssss: Enters the new security key. The security
key is case-sensitive. It must be between eight and thirty-two characters andcontain at least one number, one lowercase letter, one uppercase letter, andone non-alphanumeric character (e.g. < > @ +). The space character is not
permitted.
[-Passphrase sssssssssss]: Enters the new passphrase.The passphrase is case-sensitive. It must be between eight and thirty-two charactersand contain at least one number, one lowercase letter, one uppercase letter,and one non-alphanumeric character (e.g. < > @ +). The space character is
not permitted.

Use the command in Table 31 to change they security key to a new security key.
Table 31: Change the Security Key
Convention

MegaCli -ChangeSecurityKey -OldSecurityKey
sssssssssss | -SecurityKey sssssssssss|[-Passphrase sssssssssss] | [-KeyID
kkkkkkkkkkk] -aN

Description

Changes a security key to a new security key.
-ChangeSecurityKey: Changes the security key.
-OldSecurityKey sssssssssss: Enters the old security key. The
security key is case-sensitive. It must be between eight and thirty-two
characters and contain at least one number, one lowercase letter, one
uppercase letter, and one non-alphanumeric character (e.g. < > @ +).
The space character is not permitted.
-SecurityKey sssssssssss: Enters the new security key. The security
key is case-sensitive. It must be between eight and thirty-two characters andcontain at least one number, one lowercase letter, one uppercase letter, andone non-alphanumeric character (e.g. < > @ +). The space character is not
permitted.
[-Passphrase sssssssssss]: Enters the new passphrase. The passphrase is case-sensitive. It must be between eight and thirty-two charactersand contain at least one number, one lowercase letter, one uppercase letter,and one non-alphanumeric character (e.g. < > @ +). The space character is
not permitted.
[-KeyID kkkkkkkkkkk]: Enters the security key ID. The key ID displays
when you have to enter a security key. If you have multiple security keys, thesecurity key ID helps you determine which security key to enter.

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5.6.6

Get the Security Key ID

Use the command in Table 32 to display the security key ID.
Table 32: Get the Security Key ID

5.6.7

Set the Security Key ID

Convention

MegaCli -GetKeyID [-PhysDrv[E0:S0]] -aN

Description-GetKeyID: Displays the security key ID.

Use the command in Table 33 to set the security key ID.
Table 33: Set the Security Key ID

5.6.8

Verify the Security Key

Convention

MegaCli -SetKeyID -KeyID kkkkkkkkkkk -aN

Description-SetKeyID: Set the security key ID.
-KeyID kkkkkkkkkkk: Enters the security key ID. The key ID displays
when you have to enter a security key. If you have multiple security
keys, the security key ID helps you determine which security key toenter.

Use the command in Table 34 to verify the security key.
Table 34: Verify the Security Key ID
Convention

MegaCli -VerifySecurityKey -SecurityKey
sssssssssss -aN

Description

Verifies that the security key is the correct one for the self-encrypted disk.
-VerifySecurityKey: Verifies the security key.
-SecurityKey sssssssssss: Enters the new security key. The security
key is case-sensitive. It must be between eight and thirty-two characters andcontain at least one number, one lowercase letter, one uppercase letter, andone non-alphanumeric character (e.g. < > @ +). The space character is not
permitted.

5.7
Controller
Property-Related Options

You can use the commands in this section to set or display properties related to thecontroller(s), such as the virtual drive parameters and factory defaults.

5.7.1

Use the command in Table 35 to display parameters for the selected controller(s).

Display Controller Properties

Table 35: Controller Parameters

LSI Corporation Confidential | June 2010

Convention

MegaCli -AdpAllinfo -aN|-a0,1,2|-aALL

Description

Displays information about the controller, including cluster state, BIOS,
alarm, firmware version, BIOS version, battery charge counter value, rebuild
rate, bus number/device number, present RAM, memory size, serial numberof the board, and SAS address.

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5.7.2
Display Number of Controllers
Supported

MegaRaid SAS Software User Guide

Use the command in Table 36 to display the number of controllers supported on thesystem.
Table 36: Number of Controllers Supported

5.7.3
Enable or Disable Automatic
Rebuild

Convention

MegaCli -AdpCount

Description

Displays the number of controllers supported on the system and returns thenumber to the operating system.

Use the command in Table 37 to turn automatic rebuild on or off for the selected
controller(s). If you have configured hot spares and enabled automatic rebuild, the
RAID controller automatically tries to use them to rebuild failed drives. Automatic
rebuild also controls whether a rebuild starts when a drive that was part of the drivegroup is reinserted.
Table 37: Enable or Disable Automatic Rebuild

5.7.4

Flush Controller Cache

Convention

MegaCli –AdpAutoRbld -Enbl|-Dsbl|-Dsply-aN|-a0,1,2|-aALL

Description

Enables or disables automatic rebuild on the selected controller(s).
The -Dsply option shows the status of the automatic rebuild state.

Use the command in Table 38 to flush the controller cache on the selected controller(s).
This option sends the contents of cache memory to the virtual drive(s). If the MegaRAID
system must be powered down rapidly, you must flush the contents of the cachememory to preserve data integrity.
Table 38: Cache Flush on Selected Controller

5.7.5

Set Controller Properties

Convention

MegaCli –AdpCacheFlush -aN|-a0,1,2|-aALL

Description

Flushes the controller cache on the selected controller(s).

This command sets the properties on the selected controller(s).
For example, for {RebuildRate -val}, you can enter a percentage between 0
percent and 100 percent as the value for the rebuild rate.
(The rebuild rate is the percentage of the compute cycles dedicated to rebuilding failed
drives.) At 0 percent, the rebuild is done only if the system is not doing anything else. At
100 percent, the rebuild has a higher priority than any other system activity.
NOTE: LSI recommends the default rebuild rate of 30 percent, and the default patrol
read rate of 30 percent.
Use the command in Table 39 to display the list of properties you can set for thecontroller(s).

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Table 39: Set Controller Properties
Convention

MegaCli –AdpSetProp {CacheFlushInterval –val}|{RebuildRate -val}|{PatrolReadRate –val}|{BgiRate –val}|{CCRate –val}| {ReconRate –val}|{SpinupDriveCount –val}|{SpinupDelay –val}|{CoercionMode –val} |{ClusterEnable –val}|{PredFailPollInterval –val}| {BatWarnDsbl –val}|{EccBucketSize –val}|{EccBucketLeakRate –val}|{AbortCCOnError –val}|AlarmEnbl| AlarmDsbl | AlarmSilence |{SMARTCpyBkEnbl –val} |-AutoDetectBackPlaneDsbl | -CopyBackDsbl | -LoadBalanceMode| NCQEnbl | NCQDsbl | {SSDSMARTCpyBkEnbl -val} | {MaintainPdFailHistoryEnbl-val} | {EnblSpinDownUnConfigDrvs -val} | {EnblSSDPatrolRead -val} |AutoEnhancedImportEnbl | AutoEnhancedImportDsbl | {-UseFDEOnlyEncrypt -val} |{-PrCorrectUncfgdAreas -val} | -aN| -a0,1,2|-aALL

Description

Sets the properties on the selected controller(s). The possible settings are:
CacheFlushInterval: Cache flush interval in seconds. Values: 0 to 255.
RebuildRate: Rebuild rate. Values: 0 to 100.
PatrolReadRate: Patrol read rate. Values: 0 to 100.
BgiRate: Background initilization rate. Values: 0 to 100.
CCRate: Consistency check rate. Values: 0 to 100.
ReconRate: Reconstruction rate. Values: 0 to 100.
SpinupDriveCount: Max number of drives to spin up at one time. Values: 0 to 255.
SpinupDelay: Number of seconds to delay among spinup groups. Values: 0 to 255.
CoercionMode: Drive capacity Coercion mode. Values: 0 - None, 1 - 128 MB, 2 - 1 GB.
ClusterEnable: Cluster is enabled or disabled. Values: 0 - Disabled, 1 - Enabled.
PredFailPollInterval: Number of seconds between predicted fail polls. Values: 0 to 65535.
BatWarnDsbl: Disable warnings for missing battery or missing hardware. Values: 0 - Enabled, 1 - Disabled.
EccBucketSize: Size of ECC single-bit-error bucket. Values: 0 to 255.
EccBucketLeakRate: Leak rate (in minutes) of ECC single-bit-error bucket. Values: 0 to 65535.
AbortCCOnError:
AlarmEnbl: Set alarm to Enabled.
AlarmDsbl: Set alarm to Disabled.
AlarmSilence: Silence an active alarm.
SMARTCpyBkEnbl: Enable copyback operation on Self-Monitoring Analysis and Reporting Technology (SMART) errors.
Copyback is initiated when the first SMART error occurs on a drive that is part of a virtual drive.
AutoDetectBackPlaneDsbl: Detect automatically if the backplane has been disabled.
CopyBackDsbl: Disable or enable the copyback operation.
LoadBalanceMode: Disable or enable the load balancing mode.
NCQEnbl: Enable the native command queueing.
NCQDsbl: Disable the native command queueing.
SSDSMARTCpyBkEnbl: Enable copyback operation on Self-Monitoring Analysis and Reporting Technology (SMART) errors
on a Solid State Drive (SSD). Copyback is initiated when the first SMART error occurs on a SSD that is part of a virtual drive.
MaintainPdFailHistoryEnbl: Enable maintenance of the history of a failed drive.
EnblSpinDownUnConfigDrvs: Enable spindown of unconfigured drives.
EnblSSDPatrolRead: Enable the patrol read operation (media scan) on a SSD.
AutoEnhancedImportEnbl: Enable the automatic enhanced import of foreign drives.
AutoEnhancedImportDsbl: Disable the automatic enhanced import of foreign drives.
UseFDEOnlyEncrypt: Use encryption on FDE drives only.
PrCorrectUncfgdAreas:

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5.7.6
Display Specified Controller
Properties

MegaRaid SAS Software User Guide

Use the command in Table 40 to display specified properties on the selected
controller(s).

Table 40: Display Specified Controller Properties
Convention

MegaCli –AdpGetProp CacheFlushInterval | RebuildRate | PatrolReadRate| BgiRate| CCRate | ReconRate | SpinupDriveCount | SpinupDelay | CoercionMode |PredFailPollInterval | ClusterEnable | BatWarnDsbl | EccBucketSize |EccBucketLeakRate | EccBucketCount | AlarmDsply | AbortCCOnError |AutoDetectBackPlaneDsbl | CopyBackDsbl | LoadBalanceMode | SMARTCpyBkEnbl |SSDSMARTCpyBkEnbl | MaintainPdFailHistoryEnbl | EnblSpinDownUnConfigDrvs |EnblSSDPatrolRead | NCQDsply | UseFDEOnlyEncrypt | WBSupport |AutoEnhancedImportDsbl | PrCorrectUncfgdAreas | DsblSpinDownUnConfigDrvs |-aN|-a0,1,2|-aALL

Description

Displays the properties on the selected controller(s).
EccBucketCount: Count of single-bit ECC errors currently in the bucket.
WBSupport: Enables support for the WriteBack option as the Write Policy.
DsblSpinDownUnConfigDrvs: Disable spindown of unconfigured drives.
See Table 39 for explanations of the other options.

5.7.7

Set Factory Defaults

Use the command in Table 41 to set the factory defaults on the selected controller(s).
Table 41: Set Factory Defaults

5.7.8

Set SAS Address

Convention

MegaCli -AdpFacDefSet -aN|-a0,1,2|-aALL

Description

Sets the factory defaults on the selected controller(s).

Use the command in Table 42 to set the SAS address on the selected controller(s).
Table 42: Set SAS Address on Controller

5.7.9
Set Time and Date onController

Convention

MegaCli –AdpSetSASA str[0-64] -aN

Description

Sets the controllers SAS address. This string must be a 64-digit hexadecimal
number.

Use the command in Table 43 to set the time and date on the selected controller(s).
Table 43: Set Time and Date on Controller

Page 162

Convention

MegaCli –AdpSetTime yyyymmdd HH:mm:ss-aN|-a0,1,2|-aALL

Description

Sets the time and date on the controller. This command uses a 24-hourformat.
For example, 7 p.m. displays as 19:00:00. The order of date and time isreversible.

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5.7.10 Display Time and Date onController

Use the command in Table 45 to display the time and date on the selected controller(s).
Table 44: Display Time and Date on Controller

5.7.11

Get Connector Mode

Convention

MegaCli –AdpGetTime -aN

Description

Displays the time and date on the controller. This command uses a 24-hourformat. For example, 7 p.m. would display as 19:00:00.

Use the command in Table 45 to display which ports are enabled (Internal/External,0/1) on the MegaRAID SAS 8888ELP RAID controller.
NOTE: This command is reserved strictly for the SAS 8888ELP RAID controller at thistime. You must enable specific ports depending on how you intend to use the controller.
Table 45: Get Connector Mode

5.7.12

Set Connector Mode

Convention

MegaCli -AdpGetConnectorMode-ConnectorN|-Connector0,1|-ConnectorAll-aN|-a0,1,2|-aALL

Description

Displays which ports are enabled (Internal/External, 0/1).
For example, if internal port 0 is active, internal ports 0-3 are active. If
external port 1 is active, external ports 4-7 are active.

Use the command in Table 46 to set (enable) the connectors for the MegaRAID SAS
8888ELP RAID connectors that are listed in Section 5.7.11, Get Connector Mode.
NOTE: This command is reserved strictly for the SAS 8888ELP RAID controller at thistime. You must enable specific ports depending on how you intend to use the controller
Table 46: Set Connector Mode
Convention

MegaCli -AdpSetConnectorMode-Internal|-External|-Auto-ConnectorN|-Connector0,1|-ConnectorAll-aN|-a0,1,2|-aALL

Description

Sets (enables) the connectors listed in the GetConnectorMode command.
For example, to enable internal ports 4-7 on controller 0, run the following
command:

MegaCli –AdpSetConnectorMode –Internal–Connector1 –a0

5.8
Patrol Read-Related
Controller Properties

LSI Corporation Confidential | June 2010

You can use the commands in this section to select the settings for Patrol Read. A Patrol
Read scans the system for possible drive errors that could lead to drive failure, thentakes action to correct the errors. The goal is to protect data integrity by detecting drive
failure before the failure can damage data. The corrective actions depend on the virtual
drive configuration and the type of errors. Patrol Read affects performance; the moreiterations there are, the greater the impact.

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5.8.1

Set Patrol Read Options

MegaRaid SAS Software User Guide

Use the command in Table 47 on the selected controller(s) to set the Patrol Read
options.

Table 47: Set Patrol Read Options
Convention

MegaCli –AdpPR –Dsbl|EnblAuto|EnblMan|Start|Stop|Info | SSDPatrolReadEnbl |SSDPatrolReadDsbl | {-SetStartTime yyyymmdd hh} | maxConcurrentPD -aN|
-a0,1,2|-aALL

Description

Sets Patrol Read options on a single controller, multiple controllers, or all controllers:-Dsbl: Disables Patrol Read for the selected controller(s).
-EnblAuto: Enables Patrol Read automatically for the selected controller(s).
This means Patrol Read will start automatically after the controller initialization is complete.
-EnblMan: Enables Patrol Read manually for the selected controller(s). This means that Patrol Read does not start
automatically; it has to be started manually by selecting the Start command.
-Start: Starts Patrol Read for the selected controller(s).
-Stop: Stops Patrol Read for the selected controller(s).
-Info: Displays the following Patrol Read information for the selected controller(s):• Patrol Read operation mode
• Patrol Read execution delay value• Patrol Read status
SSDPatrolReadEnbl: Enable the patrol read operation (media scan) on a SSD.
SSDPatrolReadDsbl: Disable the patrol read operation (media scan) on a SSD.
SetStartTime yyyymmdd hh: Set the start time for the patrol read in year/month/day format.
maxConcurrentPD: Sets the maximum number of concurrent drives that patrol read runs on.

5.8.2

Set Patrol Read Delay Interval

Use the command in Table 48 on the selected controller(s) to set the time between
Patrol Read iterations.
Table 48: Set Patrol Read Delay Interval

5.9

BIOS-Related Properties

5.9.1
Set or Display Bootable Virtual
Drive ID

Page 164

Convention

MegaCli –AdpPRSetDelay –Val -aN|-a0,1,2|-aALL

Description

Sets the time between Patrol Read iterations on a single controller, multiple
controllers, or all controllers:-Val: Sets delay time between Patrol Read iterations. The value is time ofdelay in hours. A value of zero means no delay and an immediate restart.

You can use the commands in this section to select the settings for BIOS-related
options.
Use the command in Table 49 to set or display the ID of the bootable virtual drive.

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NOTE: This option does not write a boot sector to the virtual drive. The operating
system will not load if the boot sector is incorrect.
Table 49: Bootable Virtual Drive ID

5.9.2

Select BIOS Status Options

Convention

MegaCli –AdpBootDrive {-Set –Lx|-physdrv[E0:S0]}} | -Get -aN|-a0,1,2|-aALL

Description

Sets or displays the bootable virtual drive ID:-Set –Lx| -physdrv[E0:S0]: Sets the virtual drive as bootable sothat during the next reboot, the BIOS looks for a boot sector in the specified
virtual drive. Identifies the physical drive in the virtual drive, by enclosureand slot, to use to boot from.
-Get: Displays the bootable virtual drive ID.

Use the command in Table 50 to set the options for the BIOS status.
Table 50: Options for BIOS Status
Convention

MegaCli –AdpBIOS -Enbl|-Dsbl| SOE | BE |EnblAutoSelectBootLd | DsblAutoSelectBootLd|-Dsply| -aN|-a0,1,2|-aALL

Description

Sets BIOS options. The following are the settings you can select on a single
controller, multiple controllers, or all controllers:-Enbl, -Dsbl: Enables or disables the BIOS status on selected
controller(s).
-SOE: Stops on BIOS errors during POST for selected controller(s). When set
to -SOE, the BIOS stops in case of a problem with the configuration. This
gives you the option to enter the configuration utility to resolve theproblem. This is available only when you enable the BIOS status.
-BE: Bypasses BIOS errors during POST. This is available only when you
enable the BIOS status.
-EnblAutoSelectBootLd | DsblAutoSelectBootLd: Enable ordisable automatic selection of the boot virtual drive.
-Dsply: Displays the BIOS status on selected controller(s).

5.10 Battery Backup
Unit-Related Properties

You can use the commands in this section to select the settings for BBU-related
options.

5.10.1

Use the command in Table 51 to display complete information about the BBU for theselected controller(s).

Display BBU Information

Table 51: Display BBU Information

LSI Corporation Confidential | June 2010

Convention

MegaCli -AdpBbuCmd -aN|-a0,1,2|-aALL

Description

Displays complete information about the BBU, such as status, capacity
information, design information, and properties.

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5.10.2 Display BBU Status
Information

MegaRaid SAS Software User Guide

Use the command in Table 52 to display complete information about the status of theBBU, such as temperature and voltage, for the selected controller(s).

Table 52: Display BBU Status Information
Convention

MegaCli -AdpBbuCmd -GetBbuStatus –aN|-a0,1,2|-aALL

Description

Displays complete information about the BBU status, such as the temperature and voltage. The information displays in thefollowing formats:BBU Status for Adapter: xx
Battery Type: XXXXXX(string)
Voltage: xx mV
Current: xx mA
Temperature: xx C°
Firmware Status: xx
Battery state: xx
Gas Gauge Status:
Fully Discharged: Yes/No
Fully Charged: Yes/No
Discharging: Yes/No
Initialized: Yes/No
Remaining Time Alarm: Yes/No
Remaining Capacity Alarm: Yes/No
Discharge Terminated: Yes/No
Over Temperature: Yes/No
Charging Terminated: Yes/No
Over Charged: Yes/No
Additional status information displays differently for iBBU™ and BBU.
For iBBU:
Relative State of Charge: xx
Charger System State: xx
Charger System Ctrl: xx
Charging Current: xx mA
Absolute State of Charge: xx%
Max Error: xx%
For BBU:
Relative State of Charge: xx
Charger Status: xx
Remaining Capacity: xx mAh
Full Charge Capacity: mAh
isSOHGood: Yes/No

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5.10.3

Display BBU Capacity

Use the command in Table 53 to display the BBU capacity for the selected controller(s).
Table 53: Display BBU Capacity Information

5.10.4 Display BBU Design
Parameters

Convention

MegaCli -AdpBbuCmd -GetBbuCapacityInfo–aN|-a0,1,2|-aALL

Description

Displays BBU capacity information. The information displays in the following
format:BBU Capacity Info for Adapter: x
Relative State of Charge: xx%
Absolute State of Charge: xx%
Remaining Capacity: xx mAh
Full Charge Capacity: xx mAh
Run Time to Empty: xxx Min
Average Time to Empty: xxx Min
Average Time to Full: xxx Min
Cycle Count: xx
Max Error: xx%

Use the command in Table 54 to display BBU design parameters for the selected
controller(s).
Table 54: Display BBU Design Parameters

LSI Corporation Confidential | June 2010

Convention

MegaCli -AdpBbuCmd -GetBbuDesignInfo–aN|-a0,1,2|-aALL

Description

Displays information about the BBU design parameters. The information
displays in the following formats:BBU Design Info for Adapter: x
Date of Manufacture: mm/dd, yyyy
Design Capacity: xxx mAh
Design Voltage: mV
Serial Number: 0xhhhh
Pack Stat Configuration: 0xhhhh
Manufacture Name: XXXXXX(String)
Device Name: XXXXXX(String)
Device Chemistry: XXXXXX(String)

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5.10.5

Display Current BBU Properties

MegaRaid SAS Software User Guide

Use the command in Table 55 to display the current BBU properties for the selected
controller(s).
Table 55: Display Current BBU Properties

5.10.6

Start BBU Learning Cycle

Convention

MegaCli -AdpBbuCmd -GetBbuProperties–aN|-a0,1,2|-aALL

Description

Displays current properties of the BBU. The information displays in thefollowing formats:BBU Properties for Adapter: x
Auto Learn Period: xxx Sec
Next Learn Time: xxxx Sec
Learn Delay Interval=<value>: Value in hours, not greater than 168 hours (7days)
Auto-Learn Mode=<value>: Value can be 0, 1, or 2.

Use the command in Table 56 to start the BBU learning cycle on the selected
controller(s). A learning cycle is a battery calibration operation performed by thecontroller periodically (approximately every three months) to determine the conditionof the battery.
Table 56: Start BBU Learning Cycle

5.10.7 Place Battery in Low-Power
Storage Mode

Convention

MegaCli -AdpBbuCmd -BbuLearn -aN|-a0,1,2|-aALL

Description

Starts the learning cycle on the BBU. No parameter is needed for this option.

Use the command in Table 57 to place the battery into Low-Power Storage mode on
the selected controller(s). This saves battery power consumption.
Table 57: Place Battery in Low-Power Storage Mode

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Convention

MegaCli -AdpBbuCmd -BbuMfgSleep-aN|-a0,1,2|-aALL

Description

Places the battery in Low-Power Storage mode. The battery automaticallyexits this state after 5 seconds.

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Level

MegaRaid SAS Software User Guide

5.10.8Set BBU Properties

Use the command in Table 58 to set the BBU properties on the selected controller(s)after reading from the file.
Table 58: Set BBU Properties
Convention

MegaCli -AdpBbuCmd -SetBbuProperties-f<fileName> -aN|-a0,1,2|-aALL

Description

Sets the BBU properties on the selected controller(s) after reading from thefile.
The information displays in the following formats:autoLearnPeriod = 1800Sec
nextLearnTime = 12345678Sec Seconds past 1/1/2000
learnDelayInterval = 24hours - Not greater than 7 days
autoLearnMode = 0 0 – Enabled; 1 - Disabled; 2 – WarnViaEvent.
NOTE: You can change only two of these parameters: learnDelayInterval and
autoLearnMode.

5.11 Options for Displaying
Logs Kept at the Firmware Level

Use the commands in this section to select the display settings for the event log and
the BBU terminal log, which are kept at the firmware level.

5.11.1

Use the command in Table 59 to manage the event entries in the event log for theselected controller(s).

Event Log Management

Table 59: Event Log Management
Convention

MegaCli –AdpEventLogInfo –GetEventlogInfo | –GetEvents {-info -warning-critical -fatal} | GetSinceShutdown {-info -warning -critical -fatal} |GetSinceReboot {-info -warning -critical -fatal} | IncludeDeleted {-info-warning -critical -fatal} | {GetLatest <number> {-info -warning -critical-fatal} } -f <filename> | Clear -aN|-a0,1,2|-aALL | {GetCCIncon} -f <filename>-LX| -L0,2,5...|-LALL -aN|-a0,1,2|-aALL

Description

Manages event log entries. The following are the settings you can select on a single controller, multiple controllers, or all
controllers:-GetEventlogInfo: Displays overall event information such as total number of events, newest sequence number, oldest
sequence number, shutdown sequence number, reboot sequence number, and clear sequence number.
-GetEvents: Gets event log entry details. The information shown consists of total number of entries available at firmware
side since the last clear and details of each entries of the error log. Start_entry specifies the initial event log entry whendisplaying the log.
-GetSinceShutdown: Displays all of the events since last controller shutdown.
-GetSinceReboot: Displays all of the events since last controller reboot.
-IncludeDeleted: Displays all events, including deleted events.
-GetLatest: Displays the latest number of events, if any exist. The event data will be writtent to the file in reverse order.
-Clear: Clears the event log for the selected controller(s).
-GetCCIncon: Displays the events relating to inconsistent data found during a consistency check.

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5.11.2Set BBU Terminal Logging

MegaRaid SAS Software User Guide

Use the command in Table 60 to set the BBU terminal logging for the selected
controller(s).

Table 60: Set BBU Terminal Logging
Convention

MegaCli –FwTermLog -Bbuoff |–BbuoffTemp|-Bbuon|-BbuGet| -aN|
-a0,1,2|-aALL

Description

Sets BBU terminal logging options. The following are the settings you can select on a single controller, multiple
controllers, or all controllers:-Bbuoff: Turns off the BBU for firmware terminal logging. To turn off the BBU for logging, you have to shut down
your system or turn off the power to the system after you run the command.
–BbuoffTemp: Temporarily turns off the BBU for TTY (firmware terminal) logging. The battery will be turned on at
the next reboot.
-Bbuon: Turns on the BBU for TTY (firmware terminal) logging. TTY logs are cached.
-BbuGet: Displays the current BBU settings for TTY logging, whether TTY logging is enabled or not.

5.12 Configuration-Related
Options

You can specify the drives by using the Enclosure ID:Slot ID for SAS controllers. This
assumes that all drives are connected to the controller through an enclosure. If thedrives are not connected to an enclosure, it is assumed that they are connected to
Enclosure 0. In this case there is no slot, so you can use the pdlist command to get theslot equivalent number. (This applies to all commands that use the Enclosure ID:Slot ID
format.) MegaCLI expects the input in [:S] format for directly attached devices.
In the following options, [E0:S0, E1:S1] specifies the enclosure ID and slot ID for thedrive.

5.12.1 Create a RAID Drive Group
from All Unconfigured Good Drives

Use the command in Table 61 to create one RAID drive group out of all of theunconfigured good drives, and a hot spare, if desired. This is for RAID levels 0, 5, 6, 10,50, or 60. All free drives are used to create a new drive group and, if desired, one hotspare drive. If it is not possible to use all of the free drives, the command will abort witha related error level. If there are drives of different capacities, the largest drive is used tomake the hot spare.
NOTE: Firmware supports only 32 drives per drive group. If there are more than 32
unconfigured good drives, MegaCLI cannot configure any of the drives, and thecommand will abort.

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Table 61: Create a Drive Group from All of the Unconfigured Drives
Convention

MegaCli –CfgLDAdd -RX[E0:S0,E1:S1,...] [WT | WB] [NORA | RA | ADRA][Direct | Cached] [CachedBadBBU|NoCachedBadBBU] [-szXXX [-szYYY ...]][-strpszM] [-Hsp[E0:S0,...]] [-AfterLdX] | | -Force [FDE|CtrlBased]

Description

Creates one RAID drive group out of all of the unconfigured good drives, and a hot spare, if desired. This is for RAID
levels 0, 1, 5, or 6. All free drives are used to create a new drive group and, if desired, one hot spare drive.
-Rx[E0:S0,...]: Specifies the RAID level and the drive enclosure/slot numbers used to construct a drive group.
-WT (Write through), WB (Write back): Selects write policy.
-NORA (No read ahead), RA (Read ahead), ADRA (Adaptive read ahead): Selects read policy.
-Direct, -Cached: Selects cache policy.
-CachedBadBBU|NoCachedBadBBU: Specifies whether to use write cache when the BBU is bad.
Hsp: Specifies drive to make the hot spare with.
-Force: Specifies that drive coercion is used to make the capacity of the drives compatible. Drive coercion is a tool
for forcing drives of varying capacities to the same capacity so they can be used in a drive group.
NOTE: Previously -szXXX expressed capacity in MB but now you can enter the capacity in your choice of units. For
example, to create a virtual drive of 10 GB, enter the size as sz10GB. If you do not enter a unit, by default it isconsidered as MB.

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5.12.2 Add RAID 0, 1, 5, or 6
Configuration

MegaRaid SAS Software User Guide

Use the command in Table 62 to add a RAID level 0, 1, 5, or 6 configuration to theexisting configuration on the selected controller.
For RAID levels 10, 50, or 60, see Section 5.12.3, Add RAID 10, 50, or 60 Configuration

Table 62: Add RAID 0, 1, 5, or 6 Configuration
Convention

MegaCli –CfgLDAdd -R0|-R1|-R5|-R6[E0:S0,E1:S1,...] [WT | WB] [NORA | RA
| ADRA] [Direct | Cached] [CachedBadBBU|NoCachedBadBBU][-szXXXXXXXX [-szYYYYYYYY [... ]]] [-strpszM] [–Hsp[E5:S5,...]][–afterLdX] [–Force] -aN

Description

Adds a RAID level 0, 1, 5, or 6 configuration to a specified controller. Even if no configuration is present, you have theoption to write the configuration to the controller.
Note that RAID 1 supports up to 32 drives in a single span of 16 drive groups.
RAID 1 requires an even number of drives, as data from one drive is mirrored to the other drive in each RAID 1 drivegroup.
-Rx[E0:S0,...]: Specifies the RAID level and the drive enclosure/slot numbers to construct a drive group.
-WT (Write through), WB (Write back): Selects write policy.
-NORA (No read ahead), RA (Read ahead), ADRA (Adaptive read ahead): Selects read policy.
-Cached, -Direct: Selects cache policy.
[{CachedBadBBU|NoCachedBadBBU }]: Specifies : Specifies whether to use write cache when the BBU is bad.
-szXXXXXXXX: Specifies the capacity for the virtual drive, where XXXX is a decimal number of MB. However, theactual capacity of the virtual drive can be smaller, because the driver requires the number of blocks from the drives
in each virtual drive to be aligned to the stripe size. If multiple size options are specified, CT configures the virtual
drives in the order of the options entered in the command line.
The configuration of a particular virtual drive will fail if the remaining capacity of the drive group is too small to
configure the virtual drive with the specified capacity.
This option can also be used to create a configuration on the free space available in the drive group.
-strpszM: Specifies the stripe size, where the stripe size values are 8, 16, 32, 64, 128, 256, 512, or 1024 KB.
Hsp[E5:S5,...]: Creates hot spares when you create the configuration. The new hot spares will be dedicated to
the virtual drive used in creating the configuration. This option does not allow you to create global hot spares. To
create global hot spares, you must use the -PdHsp command with proper subcommands.
You can also use this option to create a configuration on the free space available in the virtual drive. You can specify
which free slot should be used by specifying the -AfterLdX: This command is optional. By default, the application
uses the first free slot available in the virtual drive. This option is valid only if the virtual drive is already used for
configuration.

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5.12.3 Add RAID 10, 50, or 60
Configuration

Use the command in Table 63 to add a RAID 10, RAID 50, or RAID 60 configuration to
the existing configuration on the selected controller.
For RAID levels 0, 1, 5, or 6, see Section 5.12.2, Add RAID 0, 1, 5, or 6 Configuration

Table 63: Add RAID 10, 50, or 60 Configuration
Convention

MegaCli –CfgSpanAdd -R10|-R50|R60 –Array0[E0:S0,E1:S1,...]–Array1[E0:S0,E1:S1,...] [...][WT | WB] [NORA | RA | ADRA] [Direct |Cached] [CachedBadBBU|NoCachedBadBBU] [-szXXXXXXXX [-szYYYYYYYY [...
]]] [-strpszM] [–afterLdX] | -Force [FDE|CtrlBased] -aN|-a0,1,2|-aALL

Description

Creates a RAID level 10, 50, or 60 (spanned) configuration from the specified drive groups. Even if no configuration
is present, you must use this option to write the configuration to the controller.
Note that RAID 10 supports up to eight spans with a maximum of 32 drives in each span. (There are factors, such as
the type of controller, that limit the number of drives you can use.) RAID 10 requires an even number of drives, asdata from one drive is mirrored to the other drive in each RAID 1 drive group. You can have an even or odd numberof spans.
Multiple drive groups are specified using the –ArrayX[E0:S0,...] option. (Note that X starts from 0, not 1.) Allof the drive groups must have the same number of drives. At least two drive groups must be provided. The order of
options {WT |WB} {NORA | RA | ADRA} {Direct | Cached} is flexible.
The size option, -szXXXXXXXX, can be accepted to allow slicing in the spanned drive groups if the controller
supports this feature. The [–afterLdX] option is accepted if the size option is accepted. CT exits and does notcreate a configuration if the size or the afterLd option is specified but the controller does not support slicing inthe spanned drive groups.
NOTE: Previously -szXXX expressed capacity in MB but now you can enter the capacity in your choice of units. For
example, to create a virtual drive of 10 GB, enter the size as sz10GB. If you do not enter a unit, by default it isconsidered as MB.

5.12.4 Clear the Existing
Configuration

Use the command in Table 64 to clear the existing configuration on the selected
controller(s).
Table 64: Clear Existing Configuration

5.12.5 Save the Configuration on theController

Convention

MegaCli –CfgClr -aN|-a0,1,2|-aALL

Description

Clears the existing configuration.

Use the command in Table 65 to save the configuration for the selected controller(s) to
the given filename.
Table 65: Save Configuration on the Controller

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Convention

MegaCli –CfgSave–f FileName-aN

Description

Saves the configuration for the selected controller(s) to the given filename.

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5.12.6 Restore the Configuration Data
from File

MegaRaid SAS Software User Guide

Use the command in Table 66 to read the configuration from the file and load it on theselected controller(s). You can restore the read/write properties and RAID configuration
using hot spares.
Table 66: Restore Configuration Data from File

5.12.7 Manage Foreign Configuration
Information

Convention

MegaCli –CfgRestore–f FileName-aN

Description

Reads the configuration from the file and loads it on the controller. MegaCLI
can store or restore all read and write controller properties, all read and write
properties for virtual drives, and the RAID configuration including hotspares. Note the following:• MegaCLI does not validate the setup when restoring the RAID
configuration.
• The -CfgSave option stores the configuration data and controller
properties in the file. Configuration data has only the device ID andsequence number information of the drives used in the configuration. The
CfgRestore option will fail if the same device IDs of the drives are notpresent.

Use the command in Table 67 to manage configurations from other controllers, called
foreign configurations, for the selected controller(s). You can scan, preview, import, andclear foreign configurations.
NOTE: The actual status of virtual drives and drives can differ from the information displayed inthe –Scan option. LSI suggests that you run –Preview before you import a foreign
configuration.

Table 67: Manage Foreign Configuration Information
Convention

MegaCli -CfgForeign -Scan | [-SecurityKey sssssssssss] | -Dsply [x] |[-SecurityKey sssssssssss] | -Preview [x] | [-SecurityKey sssssssssss] |-Import [x] | [-SecurityKey sssssssssss] | -Clear [x] | [-SecurityKey
sssssssssss] -aN|-a0,1,2|-aALL

Description

Manages foreign configurations. The options for this command are:-Scan: Scans and displays available foreign configurations.
-SecurityKey: This is a key based on a user-provided string. The controller uses the security key to lock and unlock accessto the secure user data. This key is encrypted into the security key blob and stored on the controller. If the security key isunavailable, user data is irretrievably lost. You must be careful to never lose the security key.
-Preview: Provides a preview of the imported foreign configuration. The foreign configuration ID (FID) is optional.
-Dsply: Displays the foreign configuration.
-Import: Imports the foreign configuration. The FID is optional.
-Clear [FID]: Clears the foreign configuration. The FID is optional.

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5.12.8 Delete Specified Virtual
Drive(s)Use the command in Table 68 to delete one, multiple, or all virtual drives on theselected controller(s).
Table 68: Delete Specified Virtual Drives

5.12.9Display the Free Space

Convention

MegaCli –CfgLDDel –Lx|-L0,1,2|-Lall-aN|-a0,1,2|-aALL

Description

Deletes the specified virtual drive(s) on the selected controller(s). You candelete one virtual drive, multiple virtual drives, or all of the selected virtual
drives on selected controller(s).

Use the command in Table 69 to display the free space that is available to use for
configuration on the selected controller(s).
Table 69: Display Free Space
Convention

MegaCli –CfgFreeSpaceInfo -aN|-a0,1,2|-aALL

Description

Displays all of the free space available for configuration on the selected
controller(s). The information displayed includes the number of drivegroups, the number of spans in each drive group, the number of free spaceslots in each drive group, the start block, and the size (in both blocks andmegabytes) of each free space slot.

5.13 Virtual Drive-Related
Options

You can use the commands in this section to select settings for the virtual drives andperform actions on them.

5.13.1 Display Virtual Drive
Information

Use the command in Table 70 to display virtual drive information for the selected
controller(s).
Table 70: Display Virtual Drive Information

LSI Corporation Confidential | June 2010

Convention

MegaCli –LDInfo –Lx|-L0,1,2|-Lall-aN|-a0,1,2|-aALL

Description

Displays information about the virtual drive(s) on the selected controller(s).
This information includes the name, RAID level, RAID level qualifier, capacity
in megabytes, state, stripe size, number of drives, span depth, cache policy,
access policy, and ongoing activity progress, if any, including initialization,
background initialization, consistency check, and reconstruction.

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5.13.2 Change the Virtual Drive Cacheand Access Parameters

MegaRaid SAS Software User Guide

Use the command in Table 71 to change the cache policy and access policy for thevirtual drive(s) on the selected controller(s).
Table 71: Change Virtual Drive Cache and Access Parameters5.13.3 Display the Virtual Drive Cacheand Access Parameters

Convention

MegaCli –LDSetProp WT | WB [-Immediate]| RA|NORA |
ADRA|-Cached|Direct|CachedBadBBU|NoCachedBadBBU} | -RW|RO|Blocked | {-Name nameString} |-EnDskCache|DisDskCache –Lx| -L0,1,2|-Lall-aN|-a0,1,2|-aALL

Description

Allows you to change the following virtual drive parameters:-WT (Write through), WB (Write back): Selects write policy.
-Immediate: Indicates that the changes take place immediately.
-NORA (No read ahead), RA (Read ahead), ADRA (Adaptive read ahead):
Selects read policy.
-Cached, -Direct: Selects cache policy.
-CachedBadBBU|NoCachedBadBBU : Specifies whether to use write
cache when the BBU is bad.
-RW, -RO, Blocked: Selects access policy.
-EnDskCache: Enables drive cache.
-DisDskCache: Disables drive cache.

Use the command in Table 72 to display cache and access parameters for the virtual
drive(s) on the selected controller(s).
Table 72: Display Virtual Drive Cache and Access Parameters

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Convention

MegaCli –LDGetProp -Cache | -Access | -Name |-DskCache -Lx|-L0,1,2| -Lall -aN|-a0,1,2|-aALL

Description

Displays the cache and access policies of the virtual drive(s):-Cache: -Cached, Direct: Displays cache policy.
-WT (Write through), WB (Write back): Selects write policy.
-NORA (No read ahead), RA (Read ahead), ADRA (Adaptive read ahead):
Selects read policy.
-Access: -RW, -RO, Blocked: Displays access policy.
-DskCache: Displays drive cache policy.

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5.13.4 Manage Virtual Drives
Initialization

Use the command in Table 73 to manage initialization of the virtual drive(s) on theselected controller(s).
Table 73: Manage Virtual Drive Initialization

5.13.5

Manage a Consistency Check

Convention

MegaCli –LDInit {–Start [Fast | Full]}|-Abort|–ShowProg|-ProgDsply-Lx|-L0,1,2|-Lall -aN|-a0,1,2|-aALL

Description

Allows you to select the following actions for virtual drive initialization:-Start: Starts the initialization (writing 0s) on the virtual drive(s) anddisplays the progress (this is optional). The fast initialization option initializes
the first and last 8 Mbyte areas on the virtual drive. The full option allows you
to initialize the entire virtual drive.
-Abort: Aborts the ongoing initialization on the virtual drive(s).
-ShowProg: Displays the snapshot of the ongoing initialization, if any.
-ProgDsply: Displays the progress of the ongoing initialization. The
routine continues to display the progress until at least one initialization iscompleted or a key is pressed.

Use the command in Table 74 to manage a data consistency check (CC) on the virtual
drives for the selected controller(s).
Table 74: Manage Consistency Check

LSI Corporation Confidential | June 2010

Convention

MegaCli –LDCC–Start|-Abort|–ShowProg|-ProgDsply–Lx|-L0,1,2|-Lall -aN|-a0,1,2|-aALL

Description

Allows you to select the following actions for a data CC:-Start: Starts a CC on the virtual drive(s), then displays the progress(optional) and time remaining.
-Abort: Aborts an ongoing CC on the virtual drive(s).
-ShowProg: Displays a snapshot of an ongoing CC.
-ProgDsply: Displays ongoing CC progress. The progress displays until atleast one CC is completed or a key is pressed.

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5.13.6

Schedule a Consistency Check

MegaRaid SAS Software User Guide

Use the command in Table 75 to schedule a consistency check (CC) on the virtual drives
for the selected controller(s). There are options to set the mode, change the CC start
time, set the delay time and display of the CC info.
Table 75: Schedule Consistency Check

5.13.7 Manage a Background
Initialization

Convention

MegaCli -AdpCcSched -Dsbl|-Info|{-ModeConc |-ModeSeq [-ExcludeLD -LN|-L0,1,2][-SetStartTime yyyymmdd hh ] [-SetDelay val ] }-aN|-a0,1,2|-aALL

Description

Schedules check consistency on the virtual drive of the selected adapter.
Dsbl: Disables a scheduled CC for the given adapter(s).
Info: Gets information about a scheduled CC for the given adapter(s).
ModeConc: The scheduled CC on all of the virtual drives runs concurrently
for the given adapter(s).
ModeSeq: The scheduled CC on all of the virtual drives runs sequentially forthe given adapter(s)ExcludeLd: Specify the virtual drive numbers not included in thescheduled CC. The new list will overwrite the existing list stored on thecontroller. This is optional.
StartTime: Sets the next start time. The date is in the format ofyyyymmdd in decimal digits and followed by a decimal number for the hour
between 0 ~ 23 inclusively. This is optional.
SetDelay: Sets the execution delay between executions for the given
adapter(s). This is optional.
Values: The value is the length of delay in hours. A value of 0 means
continuous execution.

Use the command in Table 76 to enable, disable, or suspend background initialization(BGI), as well as display initialization progress on the selected controller(s).
Table 76: Manage Background Initialization

Page 178

Convention

MegaCli –LDBI-Enbl|-Dsbl|GetSetting|-ShowProg|-ProgDsply–Lx|-L0,1,2|-Lall -aN|-a0,1,2|-aALL

Description

Manages background initialization options. The following are thebackground initialization settings you can select on a single controller,
multiple controllers, or all controllers:-Enbl, -Dsbl: Enables or disables the background initialization on theselected controller(s).
-ProgDsply: Displays an ongoing background initialization in a loop. Thisfunction completes only when all background initialization processes
complete or you press a key to exit.
-ShowProg: Displays the current progress value.
- GetSetting: Displays current background initialization setting (Enabledor Disabled).

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5.13.8 Perform a Virtual Drive
Reconstruction

Use the command in Table 77 to perform a reconstruction of the virtual drive(s) on theselected controller(s).
Table 77: Virtual Drive Reconstruction

5.13.9 Display Information about
Virtual Drives and Drives

Convention

MegaCli –LDRecon {–Start –Rx [Add | Rmv
PhysDrv[E0:S0,E1:S1,...] ] }|–ShowProg|-ProgDsply –Lx –aN

Description

Controls and manages virtual drive reconstruction. The following are thevirtual drive reconstruction settings you can select on a single controller:-Start: Starts a reconstruction of the selected virtual drive to a new RAID
level.
-Rx: Changes the RAID level of the virtual drive when you start
reconstruction.
You might need to add or remove a drive to make this possible.
-Start –Add PhysDrv[E0:S0,E1:S1....]: Adds listed drives tothe virtual drive and starts reconstruction on the selected virtual drive.
-Start –Rmv PhysDrv[E0:S0,E1:S1....]: Removes one drivefrom the existing virtual drives and starts a reconstruction.
-ShowProg: Displays a snapshot of the ongoing reconstruction process.
-ProgDsply: Allows you to view the ongoing reconstruction. The routine
continues to display progress until at least one reconstruction is completed
or a key is pressed.

Use the command in Table 78 to display information about the virtual drives and drives
for the selected controller(s), such as the number of virtual drives, RAID level, and drive
capacity.
Table 78: Display Virtual Drive and Drive Information

5.13.10 Display the Number of Virtual
DrivesConvention

MegaCli –LDPDInfo -aN|-a0,1,2|-aALL

Description

Displays information about the present virtual drive(s) and drive(s) on theselected controller(s). Displays information including the number of virtual
drives, the RAID level of the virtual drives, and drive capacity information,
which includes raw capacity, coerced capacity, uncoerced capacity, and the
SAS address.

Use the command in Table 79 to display the number of virtual drives attached to thecontroller.
Table 79: Display Number of Virtual Drives

LSI Corporation Confidential | June 2010

Convention

MegaCli –LDGetNum –aN|-a0,1,2|-aALL

Description

Displays the number of virtual drives attached to the controller. The return
value is the number of virtual drives.

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5.13.11 Clear the LDBBM Table Entries

MegaRaid SAS Software User Guide

Use the command in Table 80 to clear the LDBBM table entries.
Table 80: Clear the LDBBM Table Entries

5.13.12 Display the List of Virtual
Drives with Preserved Cache

Convention

MegaCli -LDBBMClr -Lx|-L0,1,2,...|-Lall-aN|-a0,1,2|-aALL

Description

Clears the LDBBM table entries for the virtual drive(s) on the selected
adapter(s).

Use the command in Table 81 to display the list of virtual drives that have preserved
cache. Preserved cache is cache that remains in the controller cache after a drive goesoffline or missing and that has not been saved to a drive yet. You can reboot andmanage the preserved cache.
Table 81: Display the List of Virtual Drives with Preserved Cache

5.13.13 Discard the Preserved Cache of
a Virtual Drive(s)Convention

MegaCli -GetPreservedCacheList-aN|-a0,1,2|-aALL

Description

Display the list of virtual drives that have preserved cache.

Use the command in Table 82 to discard the preserved cache of a virtual drive(s).
Table 82: Discard the Preserved Cache of a Virtual Drive(s)Page 180

Convention

MegaCli -DiscardPreservedCache-Lx|-L0,1,2|-Lall -force -aN|-a0,1,2|-aALL

Description

Discard the preserved cache of the virtual drive(s).

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5.13.14 Expand a Virtual Drive

Use the command in Table 83 to expand a virtual drive.
Table 83: Discard the Preserved Cache of a Virtual Drive(s)Convention

MegaCli -LdExpansion -pN -dontExpandArray-Lx|-L0,1,2|-Lall -aN|-a0,1,2|-aALL

Description

Expands the virtual drive within the existing array or beyond the size of theexisting array if you replace the drives with larger drives.
-pN: Denotes the percentage of the array to use to expand the virtual drive.
N ranges from 0 to 100 percent. For example, -p30 indicates expansion up
to 30 percent of available array size.
-dontExpandArray: Expand a virtual drive within the array, even when
there is room to expand the array.
For example, you have created a 5 GB RAID 1 virtual drive with two 30 Gbyte
drives. The array size is 30 GB and the virtual drive size is 5 GB. If you replace
the two 30-GB drives with two 60-GB drives, the array size is still 30 GB(because of previous configuration). You have two options:
1. Expand the virtual drive within the array.
Use the -dontExpandArra option to expand the virtual drive up to 30
GB.
2. Expand the virtual drive beyond the existing array size
Use the -pN option to expand the virtual drive beyond 30 GB and up to
60 GB (the size of the replacement drives).

5.14

Drive-Related Options

You can use the commands in this section to select settings for the drives and perform
actions on them.

5.14.1

Display Drive Information

Use the command in Table 84 to display information about the drives on the selected
controller(s).
Table 84: Display Drive Information

LSI Corporation Confidential | June 2010

Convention

MegaCli –PDInfo -PhysDrv[E0:S0,E1:S1....]-aN|-a0,1,2|-aALL

Description

Provides information about the drives connected to the enclosure andcontroller slot. This includes information such as the enclosure number, slot
number, device ID, sequence number, drive type, capacity (if a drive), foreignstate, firmware state, and inquiry data.
For SAS devices, this includes additional information such as the SAS addressof the drive. For SAS expanders, this includes additional information such as
the number of devices connected to the expander.
-Physdrv[E0:S0,...]: Specifies the physical drive enclosure and theslots for the drives to provide information about.

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5.14.2

Set the Drive State to Online

MegaRaid SAS Software User Guide

Use the command in Table 85 to set the state of a drive to Online.
In an online state, the drive is working normally and is a part of a configured virtual
drive.
Table 85: Set Drive State to Online

5.14.3

Set the Drive State to Offline

Convention

MegaCli –PDOnline -PhysDrv[E0:S0,E1:S1....]-aN|-a0,1,2|-aALL

Description

Changes the drive state to Online.
-Physdrv[E0:S0,...]: Specifies the physical drive enclosure and theslots for the drives.

Use the command in Table 86 to set the state of a drive to Offline.
In the offline state, the virtual drive is not available to the RAID controller.
Table 86: Set Drive State to Offline

5.14.4 Change the Drive State to
Unconfigured Good

Convention

MegaCli –PDOffline -PhysDrv[E0:S0,E1:S1....]-aN|-a0,1,2|-aALL

Description

Changes the drive state to Offline.
-Physdrv[E0:S0,...]: Specifies the physical drive enclosure and theslots for the drives.

Use the command in Table 87 to change the state of a drive from Unconfigured-Bad toUnconfigured-Good.
Table 87: Change Drive State to Unconfigured Good

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Convention

MegaCli –PDMakeGood -PhysDrv[E0:S0,E1:S1....] |[-Force] -aN|-a0,1,2|-aALL

Description

Changes the drive state to Unconfigured Good.
-Physdrv[E0:S0,...]: Specifies the physical drive enclosure and theslots for the drives.
Force: Force the drive to the Unconfigured Good state.

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5.14.5

Change the Drive StateUse the command in Table 88 to change the drive state, as it relates to hot spares, andto associate the drive to an enclosure and to a drive group for the selected controller(s).
Table 88: Change Drive State

5.14.6

Manage a Drive Initialization

Convention

MegaCli –PDHSP {–Set [{-Dedicated -ArrayN|-Array0,1...}] [-EnclAffinity][-nonRevertible] } | -Rmv
-PhysDrv[E0:S0,E1:S1,...] -aN|-a0,1,2|-aALL

Description

Changes the drive state (as it relates to hot spares) and associates the drive
to an enclosure and virtual drive on a single controller, multiple controllers,or all controllers:-Set: Changes the drive state to dedicated hot spare for the enclosure.
-Array0: Dedicates the hot spare to a specific drive group number N.
-EnclAffinity: Associates the hot spare to a selected enclosure.
-Rmv: Changes the drive state to ready (removes the hot spare).
-Physdrv[E0:S0,...]: Specifies the physical drive enclosure and theslots for the drives.
You can get the list of arrays by using the CLI command "CfgDsply". In the
results of the CfgDsply command, the number associated with "DISKGROUPS" is the array number.

Use the command in Table 89 to manage a drive initialization on the selected
controller(s).
Table 89: Drive Initialization

LSI Corporation Confidential | June 2010

Convention

MegaCli –PDClear -Start |-Stop|-ShowProg|-ProgDsply -PhysDrv[E0:S0,E1:S1....]-aN|-a0,1,2|-aALL

Description

Manages initialization or displays initialization progress on a single
controller, multiple controllers, or all controllers:-Start: Starts initialization on the selected drive(s).
-Stop: Stops an ongoing initialization on the selected drive(s).
-ShowProg: Displays the current progress percentage and time remaining
for the initialization. This option is useful for running the application throughscripts.
-ProgDsply: Displays the ongoing clear progress. The routine continues
to display the initialization progress until at least one initialization iscompleted or a key is pressed.

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5.14.7

Rebuild a Drive

MegaRaid SAS Software User Guide

Use the command in Table 90 to start or stop a rebuild on a drive and display therebuild progress. When a drive in a RAID drive group fails, you can rebuild the drive byrecreating the data that was stored on the drive before it failed.
Table 90: Rebuild a Drive

5.14.8 Locate the Drive(s) andActivate LED

Convention

MegaCli –PDRbld –Start |-Stop|-ShowProg|-ProgDsply –PhysDrv [E0:S0,E1:S1....]-aN|-a0,1,2|-aALL

Description

Manages a drive rebuild or displays the rebuild progress on a single
controller, multiple controllers, or all controllers. Note that the drive mustmeet the capacity requirements before it can be rebuilt, and it must be partof a drive group:-Start: Starts a rebuild on the selected drive(s) and displays the rebuild
progress (optional).
-Stop: Stops an ongoing rebuild on the selected drive(s).
-ShowProg: Displays the current progress percentage and time remaining
for the rebuild. This option is useful for running the application throughscripts.
-ProgDsply: Displays the ongoing rebuild progress. This routine displays
the rebuild progress until at least one initialization is completed or a key ispressed.
-Physdrv[E0:S0,...]: Specifies the physical drive enclosure and theslots for the drives.

Use the command in Table 91 to locate the drive(s) for the selected controller(s) andactivate the drive activity LED.
Table 91: Locate Drive and Activate LED

5.14.9 Mark the Configured Drive as
Missing

Convention

MegaCli –PDLocate –PhysDrv[E0:S0,E1:S1....]-aN|-a0,1,2|-aALL

Description

Locates the drive(s) for the selected controller(s) and activates the drive
activity LED.
-Physdrv[E0:S0,...]: Specifies the physical drive enclosure and theslots for the drives.

Use the command in Table 92 to mark the configured drive as missing for the selected
controller(s).
Table 92: Mark Configured Drive as Missing

Page 184

Convention

MegaCli –PDMarkMissing–PhysDrv[E0:S0,E1:S1....] -aN|-a0,1,2|-aALL

Description

Marks the configured drive as missing for the selected controller(s).
-Physdrv[E0:S0,...]: Specifies the physical drive enclosure and theslots for the drives.

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5.14.10 Display the Drives in Missing
StatusUse the command in Table 93 to mark the configured drive as missing for the selected
controller(s).
Table 93: Display Drives in Missing Status
Convention

MegaCli –PDGetMissing -aN|-a0,1,2|-aALL

Description

Displays the drive(s) in missing status. The format is:
No Row Column SizeExpected(MB)0xyzzzzzzzzz…
Where x is the index to the drive groups, y is the index to the drive in thatdrive group, and zzzzzz is the minimum capacity of the drive that can beused as a replacement.

5.14.11 Replace the Configured Drives
and Start an Automatic Rebuild

Use the command in Table 94 to replace configured drive(s) and start an automatic
rebuild of the drive for the selected controller(s).
Table 94: Replace Configured Drive(s) and Start Automatic Rebuild

5.14.12 Prepare the Unconfigured
Drive for Removal

Convention

MegaCli –PDReplaceMissing–PhysDrv[E0:S0,E1:S1....] -ArrayX -RowY -aN

Description

Replaces the configured drives that are identified as missing and then starts
an automatic rebuild.
-Physdrv[E0:S0,...]: Specifies the physical drive enclosure and theslots for the drives.

Use the command in Table 95 to prepare the unconfigured drive(s) for removal fromthe selected controller(s).
Table 95: Prepare Unconfigured Drive(s) for Removal

LSI Corporation Confidential | June 2010

Convention

MegaCli –PDPrpRmv [-Undo] –PhysDrv[E0:S0,E1:S1....] -aN|-a0,1,2|-aALL

Description

Prepares unconfigured drive(s) for removal. The firmware spins down thisdrive. The drive state is set to unaffiliated, which marks it as offline eventhough it is not a part of a configuration.
-Undo: This option undoes this operation. If you select undo, the firmware
marks this drive as unconfigured good.
-Physdrv[E0:S0,...]: Specifies the physical drive enclosure and theslots for the drives.

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5.14.13 Display Total Number of Drives

MegaRaid SAS Software User Guide

Use the command in Table 96 to display the total number of drives attached to an
controller. Drives can be attached directly or through enclosures.
Table 96: Display Number of Drives Attached to an Controller

5.14.14 Display List of Physical Devices

Convention

MegaCli –PDGetNum –aN|-a0,1,2|-aALL

Description

Displays the total number of drives attached to an controller. Drives can be
attached directly or through enclosures. The return value is the number ofdrives.

Use the command in Table 97 to display a list of the physical devices connected to theselected controller(s).
Table 97: Display List of Physical Devices Attached to Controller(s)5.14.15 Download Firmware to the
Physical Devices

Convention

MegaCli –PDList –aN|-a0,1..|-aAll

Description

Displays information about all drives and other devices connected to theselected controller(s). This includes information such as the drive type,
capacity (if a drive), serial number, and firmware version of the device. For
SAS devices, this includes additional information such as the SAS address ofthe device. For SAS expanders, this includes additional information such as
the number of drives connected to the expander.

Use the command in Table 98 to download firmware to the physical devices connectedto the selected controller(s).
Table 98: Download Firmware to the Physical Devices

Page 186

Convention

MegaCli –PdFwDownload [offline] {[-SataBridge]-PhysDrv[E0:S0,E1:S1....]}|{EncdevId[devId1,dev
Id2,...]} -f <filename> –aN|-a0,1,2|-aAll

Description

Flashes the firmware with the file specified at the command line. Firmware
files used to flash a physical device can be of any format. The CLI utility
assumes that you provide a valid firmware image and it flashes the same.
The physical device has to do error checking.
-SataBridge: Allows you to download the SATA Bridge firmware in online
mode.
-Physdrv[E0:S0,...]: Specifies the physical drive enclosure and theslots for the drives.
-EncdevId[devId1,devId2,...]: Lists the device IDs of theenclosure. See Section 5.15.1, Display Enclosure Information for more
enclosure information.

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5.14.16 Configure All Free Drives into a
RAID 0, 1, 5, or 6 Configuration for aSpecific Controller

Use the command in Table 99 to download firmware to the physical devices connectedto the selected controller(s).
Table 99: Configure All Free Drives into a RAID 0, 1, 5 or 6 Configuration for a SpecificController

LSI Corporation Confidential | June 2010

Convention

MegaCli -CfgAllFreeDrv -rX [-SATAOnly][-SpanCount XXX] [WT|WB] [NORA|RA|ADRA][Direct|Cached] [CachedBadBBU|NoCachedBadBBU][-strpszM] [-HspCount XX [-HspType-Dedicated|-EnclAffinity|-nonRevertible]] |[FDE|CtrlBased] -aN

Description

Adds all of the unconfigured physical drives to a RAID level 0, 1, 5, or 6
configuration on a specified controller. Even if no configuration is present,
you have the option to write the configuration to the controller.
Rx[E0:S0,...]: Specifies the RAID level and the physical drive
enclosure/slot numbers to construct a disk group.
WT (Write through), WB (Write back): Selects the write policy.
NORA (No read ahead), RA (Read ahead), ADRA (Adaptive
read ahead): Selects the read policy.
Cached, -Direct: Selects the cache policy.
[{CachedBadBBU|NoCachedBadBBU }]: Specifies whether to use
write cache when the BBU is bad.
szXXXXXXXX: Specifies the size for the virtual disk, where XXXX is a decimal
number of MB. However, the actual size of the virtual drive might be smaller,
because the driver requires the number of blocks from the physical drives ineach virtual drive to be aligned to the stripe size.
If multiple size options are specified, CT will configure the virtual drives in
the order of the options entered in the command line. The configuration of aparticular virtual drive will fail if the remaining size of the array is too small to
configure the virtual drive with the specified size.This option can also be
used to create a configuration on the free space available in the array.
strpszM: Specifies the stripe size, where the stripe size values are 8, 16, 32,
64, 128, 256, 512, or 1024 MB.
Hsp[E5:S5,...]: Creates hot spares when you create the configuration.
The new hot spares are dedicated to the virtual drive used to create theconfiguration. This option does not allow you to create global hot spares. To
create global hot spares, you must use the -PdHsp command with theproper subcommands.
You can also use this option to create a configuration on the free space
available in the virtual drive.
AfterLdX: This command is optional. By default, the application uses thefirst free slot available in the virtual drive. This option is valid only if thevirtual disk is already used for configuration.
FDE|CtrlBased: If controller support security feature, this option enables
FDE/controller-based encryption on virtual disk.

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5.14.17 Set the Mapping Mode of the
Drives to the Selected Controller(s)MegaRaid SAS Software User Guide

Use the command in Table 100 to set the mapping mode of the physical devices
connected to the selected controller(s).
Table 100: Set the Mapping Mode of the Drive to the Selected Controller

5.14.18 Perform the Copyback
Operation on the Selected Drive

Convention

MegaCli -DirectPdMapping -Enbl|-Dsbl|-Dsply-aN|-a0,1,2|-aALL

Description

Sets the mapping mode of the drives connected to the specified
controller(s).
Enbl: Enables the direct physical drive mapping mode.
Dsbl: Disables the direct physical drive mapping mode.
Dsply: Displays the current state of the direct physical drive mapping.

Use the command in Table 101 to the perform the Copyback Operation on the selected
Drive.
The copyback feature allows you to copy data from a source drive of a virtual drive to a
destination drive that is not a part of the virtual drive. Copyback is often used to create
or restore a specific physical configuration for a drive group (for example, a specificarrangement of drive group members on the device I/O buses).
Typically, when a drive fails or is expected to fail, the data is rebuilt on a hot spare. The
failed drive is replaced with a new disk. Then the data is copied from the hot spare to
the new drive, and the hot spare reverts from a rebuild drive to its original hot sparestatus. The copyback operation runs as a background activity, and the virtual drive is
still available online to the host.
Table 101: Perform the Copyback Operation on the Selected Drive

5.15 Enclosure-Related
Options

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Convention

MegaCli -PDCpyBk -Start |-Stop|-ShowProg|-ProgDsply -PhysDrv[E0:S0]-aN|-a0,1,2|-aALL

Description

Performs the copyback operation on the selected physical drive.
Start: Initializes the copyback operation on the selected drive.
Stop: Stops the copyback operation on the selected drive.
ShowProg: Displays a snapshot of the ongoing copyback operation.
ProgDsply: Allows you to view the ongoing copyback operation. The
routine continues to display progress until at least one copyback iscompleted or a key is pressed.
-Physdrv[E0:S0,...]: Specifies the physical drive enclosure and theslots for the drives.

The commands in this section are used for enclosures.

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5.15.1

Display Enclosure Information

Use the command in Table 102 to display enclosure information for selected
controller(s).
Table 102: Display Enclosure Information

5.15.2

Display Enclosure Status

Convention

MegaCli –EncInfo -aN|-a0,1,2|-aALL

Description

Displays information about the enclosure for the selected controller(s).

Use the command in Table 103 to display the status of the enclosure for selected
controller(s).
Table 103: Display Enclosure Status

5.16

Convention

MegaCli –EncStatus -aN|-a0,1,2|-aALL

Description

Displays the status of the enclosure for the selected controller(s).

Flashing the Firmware

The options in this section describe the functionality of the existing flash application.
The firmware flash options do not require input from the user.

5.16.1 Flash the Firmware with the
ROM File

Use the command in Table 104 to flash the firmware with the ROM file specified at thecommand line for the selected controller(s).

Table 104: Flash Firmware with ROM File
Convention

MegaCli –AdpFwFlash –f filename [-NoSigChk] [-NoVerChk]-aN|-a0,1,2|-aALL

Description

Flashes the firmware with the ROM file specified at the command line.
The –NoSigChk option forces the application to flash the firmware even if the check word on the file does not match therequired check word for the controller. This option flashes the firmware only if the existing firmware version on the controller
is lower than the version on the ROM image.
If you specify –NoVerChk, also, the application flashes the controller firmware without checking the version of the firmware
image. The version check applies only to the firmware (APP.ROM) version.
This command also supports the “Mode 0” flash functionality. For Mode 0 flash, the controller number is not valid. There are
two possible methods:• Select which controller to flash after the controllers are detected.
• Flash the firmware on all present controllers.
XML output data is generated by this option.

5.16.2 Flash the Firmware in Mode 0
with the ROM FileUse the command in Table 105 to flash the firmware in Mode 0 with the ROM filespecified at the command line for the selected controller(s). This option is for DOS only.
Table 105: Flash Firmware in Mode 0 with ROM File

LSI Corporation Confidential | June 2010

Convention

MegaCli –AdpM0Flash –f filename

Description

Flashes the firmware in Mode 0 with the ROM file listed on the command
line.
This option supports the Mode 0 flash functionality. For Mode 0 flash, thecontroller number is not valid. The method to handle this is to flash thefirmware on all present controllers which are compatible with the image.

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Chapter 5: MegaRAID Command Tool | SAS Topology

5.17

SAS Topology

MegaRaid SAS Software User Guide

The commands in this section are used to display SAS topology.
Use the command in Table 106 to display the PHY connection information for physicalPHY M on the selected controller(s). Each PHY can form one side of the physical link in aconnection with a PHY on a different device. The physical link contains four wires thatform two differential signal pairs. One differential pair transmits signals, and the other
differential pair receives signals. Both differential pairs operate simultaneously andallow concurrent data transmission in both the receive and the transmit directions.
PHYs are contained within ports.
A port can contain a single PHY or can contain multiple PHYs. A narrow port contains asingle PHY, and a wide port contains multiple PHYs.
Table 106: Display PHY Connection Information
Convention

MegaCli –PHYInfo -phyM –aN|-a0,1,2|-aALL

Description

Displays PHY connection information for physical PHY M on the controller(s).

5.18 Diagnostic-Related
Options

The commands in this section are used to run diagnostic tests.

5.18.1

Use the command in Table 107 to start the controller diagnostic for a set amount oftime.

Start Controller Diagnostics

Table 107: Start Diagnostics Setting

5.18.2Start Battery Test

Convention

MegaCli –AdpDiag [val] –aN|-a0,1,2|-aALL

Description

Sets the amount of time for the controller diagnostic to run.
Val: Indicates the time in seconds for the controller diagnostic to run.

Use the command in Table 108 to start the battery test. This command requires asystem reboot.
Table 108: Start Battery Test

5.19 Recovery(Snapshot)-Related Options

Convention

MegaCli –AdpBatTest –aN|-a0,1,2|-aALL

Description

Starts the battery test. This command requires that you turn off the power tothe system, and then turn on the power and reboot the system.

The commands in this section are used to perform actions with the Recovery advanced
software, also known as Snapshot.
The Recovery feature uses Snapshot technology to offer a simplified way to recover lost
data and provides protection for any volume, including the boot volume. You can use
Recovery to take snapshots of a volume at designated point in time and restore thevolume or files from those points in case data is deleted, whether accidentally or
maliciously. MegaRAID Recovery supports up to eight snapshots of PiTs for eachvolume.

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5.19.1

Enable the Snapshot Feature

Use the command in Table 109 to enable the snapshot feature on a selected virtual
drive..
Table 109: Enable the Snapshot Feature

5.19.2Disable the Snapshot Feature

Convention

MegaCli -Snapshot -Enbl -szXXX
SnapshotRepositoryLD N [-AutoSnapshot][AutoDeleteOldestSnapshot] -Lx-aN|-a0,1,2|-aALL

Description

Enables the snapshot on the source virtual drive for the corresponding
snapshot target virtual drive.
-szXXX: Specifies the size in MB on for the virtual drive, where XXX is adecimal number of MB.
SnapshotRepositoryLD N: Specifies the repository LD number.
-AutoSnapshot: Optional parameter, if specified, enables the
AutoSnapshot for the source virtual drive.
-AutoDeleteOldestSnapshot: Optional parameter, if specified,enables the AutoDeletOldestSnapshot for the source virtual drive.
-Lx: x specifies the Source LD number on which to enable snapshot.

Use the command in Table 110 to enable the snapshot feature on a selected virtual
drive.
Table 110: Disable the Snapshot Feature

5.19.3

Take Snapshot of Volume

Convention

MegaCli -Snapshot -Dsbl -Lx -aN|-a0,1,2|-aALL

Description

Command disables the snapshot on the source virtual drive.
-Lx: x specifies the Source LD number on which to disable snapshot.

Use the command in Table 111 to take a snapshot of a volume at designated point intime .
Table 111: Take Snapshot of Volume

LSI Corporation Confidential | June 2010

Convention

MegaCli -Snapshot -TakeSnapshot [-snapshotName
name] [-CreateView [-ViewName view_name][-RW|RO|Blocked] [-szXXX]] -LN|-L0,1,2-aN|-a0,1,2|-aALL\n", appNameP);

Description

Takes a snapshot of a volume at designated point in time.
-snapshotName name: (Optional) If specified, the snapshot is createdwith the name you enter for it.
-CreateView: (Optional) If specified, this creates a view for the snapshot.
A view contains the content from the Point-in-Time [PiT] when the snapshot
was made.
-ViewName view_name: (Optional) Specifies the name of the view you
created.
-RW|RO|Blocked: Optional Parameter, specifies the access policy of theview.
-szXXX: Specifies the size of the view in MB where XXX is a decimal number-LN: N specifies the source LD number for the command.

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5.19.4

Set the Snapshot Properties

MegaRaid SAS Software User Guide

Use the command in Table 112 to set the snapshot properties..
Table 112: Set the Snapshot Properties

5.19.5

Delete a Snapshot

Convention

MegaCli -Snapshot -SetProp {-AutoSnapshot -val}| {-AutoDeleteOldestSnapshot -val} -Lx-aN|-a0,1,2|-aALL

Description

Sets the Snapshot properties such as AutoSnapshot and
AutoDeleteOldestSnapshot.
-AutoSnapshot: If the value is 0, this command disables the
AutoSnapshot feature on source virtual drive. If the value is 1, it enables the
AutoSnapshot feature on source virtual drive-AutoDeleteOldestSnapshot: If the value is 0, this command disables
the AutoDeleteOldestSnapshot feature on the source virtual drive. If thevalue is 1, it enables the AutoDeleteOldestSnapshot feature on the source
virtual drive.
-Lx: x specifies the source LD number for the command.

Use the command in Table 113 to delete a snapshot.
Table 113: Delete a Snapshot

Page 192

Convention

MegaCli -Snapshot -DeleteSnapshot [SnapshotTime
yyyymmdd hh:mm:ss | -all] [-force|-y] -LN|
-L0,1,2 -aN|-a0,1,2|-aALL

Description

Deletes the snapshot and the associated view if -Force or -Y is specified.
-SnapshotTime yyyymmdd hh:mm:ss: (Optional) If used, this actiondeletes the snapshot with the time stamp that is specified in command line,
if it is the oldest PIT.
-force: If specified, this action deletes the snapshot even if it has the view
associated with it.
-y: If specified, this action deletes the snapshot even if it has the view
associated with it.
-LN: N specifies the source LD number for the command.
-L0,1,2: Specifies the command is for LDs 0, 1, and 2. You can select morethan one LD.

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MegaRaid SAS Software User Guide

5.19.6Create a View

Use the command in Table 114 to create a view. A view contains the content from the
Point-in-Time [PiT] when the snapshot was made..
Table 114: Create a View

5.19.7

Delete a View

Convention

MegaCli -Snapshot -CreateView -SnapshotTime
yyyymmdd hh:mm:ss [-viewName NameString][-RW|RO|Blocked] [-szXXX] -Lx -aN|-a0,1,2|-aALL\n", appNameP);

Description

Creates the view on a particular snapshot.
-SnapshotTime yyyymmdd hh:mm:ss: Creates the view on thesnapshot with the time stamp yyyymmdd hh:mm:ss-viewName NameString: (Optional) Specifies the name of the view.
-RW|RO|Blocked: (Optional) Specifies the access policy of the view.
-szXXX: (Optional) Specifies the size of the view in MB where XXX is adecimal number.
-Lx: x specifies the source LD number for the command.

Use the command in Table 115 to a view..
Table 115: Delete a View

5.19.8

Rollback to an Old Snapshot

Convention

MegaCli -Snapshot -DeleteView [-SnapshotTime
yyyymmdd hh:mm:ss] -Lx -aN|-a0,1,2|-aALL

Description

Deletes the view.
-SnapshotTime yyyymmdd hh:mm:ss: (Optional) If specified, thisaction deletes the view on the snapshot with the time stamp yyyymmdd
hh:mm:ss.
-Lx: x specifies the source LD number for the command.

Use the command in Table 116 to roll the virtual drive back to an older snapshot..
Table 116: Rollback to an Old Snapshot

LSI Corporation Confidential | June 2010

Convention

MegaCli -Snapshot -Rollback -SnapshotTime
yyyymmdd hh:mm:ss [-Force|-Y] -Lx-aN|-a0,1,2|-aALL

Description

Rolls back the virtual drive to an old snapshot.
-SnapshotTime yyyymmdd hh:mm:ss: Specifies the snapshot withthe time stamp yyyymmdd hh:mm:ss to which it has to roll back.
-Force: If specified, this action overrides the warning message and causes
a rollback to an older snapshot.
-Y: If specified, this action overrides the warning message and causes arollback to an older snapshot.
-Lx: x specifies the source LD number for the command.

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5.19.9 Display Snapshot and View
Information

MegaRaid SAS Software User Guide

Use the command in Table 117 to display information about the snapshot and the view.
.
Table 117: Display Snapshot and View Information

5.19.10 Clean the Recoverable Free
Space on the Drives in a Virtual Drive

Convention

MegaCli -Snapshot -Info [-SnapshotTime yyyymmdd
hh:mm:ss | -ViewTime yyyymmdd hh:mm:ss] -Lx-aN|-a0,1,2|-aALL

Description

Displays snapshot and view information for the source virtual drive. If thevirtual drive is a repository virtual drive, it displays the LD info, the number ofsource virtual drives mapped and their target ID andthe number of holes.
-SnapshotTime yyyymmdd hh:mm:ss: (Optional) If specified, thisdisplays the snapshot information for the snapshot with the time stamp
yyyymmdd hh:mm:ss.
-ViewTime yyyymmdd hh:mm:ss: (Optional) If specified, this displays
the view information for the view with the time stamp yyyymmdd
hh:mm:ss and the associated snapshot information.
-Lx: x specifies the source LD number for the command.

Use the command in Table 118 to clean the recoverable free space on the drives in asnapshot repository virtual drive. The free space is unused space on the drives in a
virtual drive..
Table 118: Clean the Recoverable Free Space on the Drives in a Virtual Drive

5.19.11 Display the Information for aSpecific View

Convention

MegaCli -Snapshot -Clean-Lx -aN|-a0,1,2|-aALL

Description

Cleans the recoverable free space on the drives in a snapshot repository
virtual drive.
-Lx: x specifies the LD number for the command. The LD has to be arepository virtual drive.

Use the command in Table 119 to display the information for a specific view if you
specify the view target ID..
Table 119: Display the Information for a Specific View

5.20

FastPath-related Options

Convention

MegaCli -Snapshot -GetViewInfo [-ViewTargetId N] -aN|-a0,1,2|-aALL

Description

Displays the view information about a particular view if you specify the View
target ID. Otherwise, it displays the information about all of the views.
-ViewTargetId N: (Optional) If specified, this displays the information
about the view with the specified target ID.

The command in this section is used to display information about the FastPath option.
MegaRAID FastPath is a high-performance IO accelerator for Solid State Drive (SSD)
drive groups connected to a MegaRAID controller card. SSDs have a read performanceadvantage over HDDs and use less power. This feature dramatically boosts storage
subsystem bandwidth and overall transactional application performance when usedwith a 6-Gb/s MegaRAID SATA+SAS controller.

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The FastPath feature supports full optimization of SSD and hard disk drive (HDD) virtual
drive groups to deliver a three-fold improvement in read and write IOPS compared to
MegaRAID controllers not utilizing FastPath technology. Also, FastPath software isfaster and more cost-effective than current flash-based adapter card solutions.

5.21

Miscellaneous Options

The commands in this section are used to display various information.

5.21.1

Display the MegaCLI Version

Use the command in Table 120 to display the version number of the MegaCLI utility.
Table 120: Display MegaCLI Version

5.21.2

Display Help for MegaCLI

Convention

MegaCli –v

Description

Displays the version number of the MegaCLI utility.

Use the command in Table 121 to display help information for the MegaCLI utility.
Table 121: Display Help for MegaCLI

5.21.3

Summary Information

Convention

MegaCli –h|–Help|?

Description

Displays help for the MegaCLI utility.

Use the command in Table 122 to display help information for the MegaCLI utility.
Table 122: Display Help for MegaCLILSI Corporation Confidential | June 2010

Convention

MegaCli -ShowSummary [-f filename] –aN

Description

Displays a summary of system information, controller information, drive
information, virtual drive information, and enclosure information.

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Chapter 6: MegaRAID Storage Manager Overview and Installation | Overview

MegaRaid SAS Software User Guide

Chapter 6
MegaRAID Storage Manager Overview and Installation
This chapter provides a brief overview of the MegaRAID® Storage Manager™ (MSM)
software and explains how to install it on the supported operating systems.
6.1

Overview

6.1.1
Creating Storage
Configurations

MegaRAID Storage Manager software enables you to configure, monitor, and maintainstorage configurations on LSI® SAS controllers. The MegaRAID Storage Manager
graphical user interface (GUI) makes it easy for you to create and manage storage
configurations.
MegaRAID Storage Manager software enables you to easily configure the controllers,
drives, and virtual drives on your workstation or server. The Configuration Wizard
greatly simplifies the process of creating drive groups and virtual drives. The Wizard
allows you to easily create new storage configurations and modify the configurations.
You can create the following types of configurations:

Simple configuration specifies a limited number of settings and has the systemselect drives for you. This option is the easiest way to create a virtual drive.

Advanced configuration lets you choose additional settings and customize virtual
drive creation. This option provides greater flexibility when creating virtual drives
for your specific requirements.

In addition, the Modify Drive Group Wizard enables you to increase the capacity of avirtual drive and to change the RAID level of a drive group.
NOTE: The Modify Drive Group Wizard was previously known as the Reconstruction
Wizard.
6.1.2

Monitoring Storage Devices

MegaRAID Storage Manager software displays the status of controllers, virtual drives,and drives on the workstation or server that you are monitoring. System errors andevents are recorded in an event log file and are displayed on the screen. Special device
icons appear on the screen to notify you of drive failures and other events that require
immediate attention.

6.1.3
Maintaining Storage
Configurations

You can use MegaRAID Storage Manager software to perform system maintenancetasks such as running patrol read operations, updating firmware, and runningconsistency checks on drive groups that support redundancy.

6.2
Hardware and Software
Requirements

The hardware requirements for MegaRAID Storage Manager software are as follows:

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PC-compatible computer with an IA-32 (32-bit) Intel Architecture processor or an
EM64T (64-bit) processor; also compatible with SPARC V9 architecture-based
systems

Minimum 256 MB of system memory (512 MB recommended)Drive with at least 400 MB available free space

The supported operating systems for the MegaRAID Storage Manager software are as
follows:

Microsoft® Windows® Server 2003, Microsoft Windows Server 2008, Microsoft
Windows Server 2008R2, Microsoft Windows XP, Microsoft Windows Vista, andMicrosoft Windows 7

Red Hat® Linux™ 3.0, 4.0, and 5.0

Solaris 10 x86



SUSE Linux/SLES 9, 10, and 11, with latest updates and service packs



VMWare ESX 3i and ESXi 4.0 (also known as COSLess, it is an embedded version of
VMWare that does not have a console to do configuration)

Refer to your server documentation and to the operating system documentation for
more information on hardware and operating system requirements.

6.3
Prerequisites to Running
MSM Remote Administration

MSM requires ports 3071 and 5571 to be open in order to function. Follow these steps
to make sure these ports are open and to configure multicasting.
1. Configure the system with a valid Internet Protocol (IP) address.
Make sure there is no IP address conflict within the sub network and make sure thatports 3071 and 5571 are open and available for MSM framework communication.
2. Disable all security management and the firewall.
3. Configure multicasting.
Make sure Class D multicast IP addresses are registered (at least 229.111.112.12
should be registered for MSM to work); if they are not registered, create a static
route using the following command:
Route add 229.111.112.12 dev eth1
4. Install MSM. If MSM is already installed, restart MSM framework.

6.4
Installing MegaRAID
Storage Manager

This section explains how to install (or reinstall) MegaRAID Storage Manager software
on your workstation or server for the supported operating systems: Microsoft Windows,
Red Hat Linux, and SUSE Linux.

6.4.1
Prerequisite for MSM
Installation

The MSM installation script also installs the LSI SNMP agent RPM (Red Hat Package
Manager). The LSI SNMP agent application depends upon the standard SNMP Utils
package.
Make sure that the SNMP-Util package is present in the system before you install MSM.
The SNMP-Util package includes the RPM’s net-snmp-libs , net-snmp-utils andadditional dependent RPM’s. Make sure that these RPM’s are installed from theoperating system media before you install the MSM.

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6.4.2
Installing MegaRAID Storage
Manager Software on Microsoft
Windows

Follow these steps if you need to install MegaRAID Storage Manager software on asystem running Microsoft Windows Server 2003, Microsoft Windows XP, Microsoft
Windows Vista, or Microsoft Windows 7:
1. Insert the MegaRAID Storage Manager software installation CD in the CD-ROM
drive.
If necessary, find and double-click the setup.exe file to start the installation
program.
2. When the Welcome screen appears, click Next.
If MegaRAID Storage Manager software is already installed on this system, then an
upgraded installation occurs.
3. Read the screen text and select Modify, Repair, or Remove.
4. When the next screen appears, read and accept the user license, and click Next.
The Customer Information screen appears, as shown in Figure 98.

Figure 98:

Customer Information Screen

5. Enter your user name and organization name. In the bottom part of the screen,
select an installation option:— If you select All users, any user with administrative privileges can use thisversion of MegaRAID Storage Manager software to view or change storage
configurations.
— If you select Only for current user, the MegaRAID Storage Manager shortcuts
and associated icons will be available only to the user with this user name.
6. Click Next to continue.
7. On the next screen, accept the default Destination Folder, or click Change to selecta different destination folder. Click Next to continue.
The Setup Type screen appears, as shown in Figure 99.

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Figure 99:

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Setup Type Screen

8. Select one of the Setup options. The options are fully explained in the screen text.
— Normally, you would select Complete if you are installing MegaRAID Storage
Manager software on a server.
— Select Custom Installation if you want to select individual program
components.
9. Click Next to continue.
If you selected Custom Installation as your setup option, the second Setup Typescreen appears, as shown in Figure 100.
If you select Complete as your setup option, the Installation Wizard is ready to
install MSM. To begin installation, click on Install on the next screen that appears.

Figure 100:

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10. Select one of the custom setup options. The options are fully explained in thescreen text.
— Select Client if you are installing MegaRAID Storage Manager software on a PC
that will be used to view and configure servers over a network. To begin
installation, click on Install on the next screen that appears.
In the Client mode of installation, MSM installs only client-related components,
such as MSM GUI, and monitor configurator.
Use this mode when you want to manage and monitor servers remotely. When
you install MSM in Client mode on a laptop or a desktop, you can log in to a
specific server by providing the IP address.
— Select Server to install only those components required for remote server
management. To begin installation, click on Install on the next screen thatappears.
— Select StandAlone if you will use MegaRAID Storage Manager software tocreate and manage storage configurations on a standalone workstation. To
begin installation, click on Install on the next screen that appears.
— Select Custom if you want to specify individual program features to install.
If you select Custom, a window listing the installation features appears, as
shown in Figure 101. Select the features you want on this screen.

Figure 101:

Custom Setup Screen

11. Click Next to proceed.
12. Click Install to install the program.
13. When the final Configuration Wizard screen appears, click Finish.
If you select Client installation for a PC used to monitor servers, and if there are noavailable servers with a registered framework on the local subnet (that is, servers with acomplete installation of MegaRAID Storage Manager software), the server screen willappear, as shown in Figure 102. The server screen will not list any servers. You can use
this screen to manage systems remotely.

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Figure 102:
6.4.3
Installing MegaRAID Storage
Manager Software for Linux

MegaRaid SAS Software User Guide

Server Screen

Follow these steps if you need to install MegaRAID Storage Manager software on asystem running Red Hat Linux or SUSE Linux:
1. Copy the MSM_linux_installer...tar.gz file to a temporary folder.
2. Untar the MSM_linux_installer...tar.gz file using the following
command:tar -zxvf MSM_linux_installer...tar.gz
A new disk directory is created.
3. Go to the new disk directory.
4. In the disk directory, find and read the readme.txt file.
5. To start the installation, enter the following command:csh install.sh -a
If you select Client installation for a PC used to monitor servers, and if there are noavailable servers with a registered framework on the local subnet (that is, servers with acomplete installation of MegaRAID Storage Manager software), the server screen
appears. The server screen does not list any servers. You can use this screen to manage
systems remotely.
To install the software using interactive mode, execute the command ./install.shfrom the installation disk.
To install the product in a non-interactive or silent mode, use the command./install.sh [-options] [ -ru popup] from the installation disk. The
installation options are:

Complete installation



Client Component OnlyStandAlone

The -ru popup command will remove popup from installation list.

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You also can run non-interactive installation using the RunRPM.sh command.
The installer offers three types of setup options:Complete - This installs all the features of the product.



Client Components Only - The storelib feature of the product are not installed in thistype of installation. As a result, the resident system can only administer andconfigure all of the servers in the subnet, but it cannot serve as a server.

StandAlone - Only the networking feature is not installed in this case, so theresident system is not a part of the network. This means the system cannot browse
any other MSM servers in the subnet, and the MSM servers cannot will recognize it
as a server.

This installation helps you select any of the setup types, but if you run RunRPM.sh, itinstalls the complete feature.
6.4.4

Linux Error Messages

The following messages can appear while you are installing MegaRAID Storage
Manager software on a Linux system:
More than one copy of MegaRAID Storage Manager software has been installed.
This message indicates that the user has installed more than one copy of MegaRAID
Storage Manager software. (This can be done by using the rpm-force command to
install the rpm file directly, which is not recommended, instead of using the
install.sh file.) In such cases, the user must uninstall all of the rpm files manually
before installing MegaRAID Storage Manager software with the procedure listed
previously.

The version is already installed.
This message indicates that the version of MegaRAID Storage Manager software
you are trying to install is already installed on the system.



The installed version is newer.
This message indicates that a version of MegaRAID Storage Manager software isalready installed on the system, and it is a newer version than the version you aretrying to install.



Exiting installation.
This is the message that appears when the installation is complete.



RPM installation failed.
This message indicates that the installation failed for some reason. Additional
message text explains the cause of the failure.

6.5
MegaRAID Storage
Manager Support andInstallation on VMWareThis section documents the installation of MegaRAID Storage Manager on VMWareClassic (with console operating system) and on the VMWare ESX 3i operating system.

6.5.1
Installing MegaRAID Storage
Manager for VMWare Classic

VMWare does not support any graphics components. In order to install MSM on the
VMWare operating system, execute the script ./vmware_install.sh from theinstallation disk.

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The installer lets you accept the License agreement, operating system, and storelib as
follows:

6.5.2
Uninstalling MegaRAID
Storage Manager for VMWare

End user license agreement



Operating system (VMware 3.5 or VMware 4.0)

Select the Storelib (Inbox Storelib or Storelib from MSM package)

To uninstall the Server Component of MSM on VMWare, use the Uninstall commandin the Program menu or run the script /usr/local/MegaRAID Storage
Manager/uninstaller.sh.
Note the following points:


A MSM upgrade is supported in this release. This release can be upgraded by future
releases.



To shut down the MSM Framework service, run the following command:/etc/init.d/vivaldiframeworkd stop
It is recommended that you stop the Monitor service before you stop the MSM
Framework service. To stop the Monitor service run the following command:/etc/init.d/mrmonitor stop

6.5.3
Installing MegaRAID Storage
Manager Support on the VMWare ESX
Operating System

This section outlines the product requirements needed to support the VMWare ESX
operating system. Classic VMWare includes a Service Console that is derived from theLinux 2.4 kernel, but with reduced functionality.
The MSM server part cannot be installed directly in VMWare ESX 3i. Management ispossible only through Common Information Model (CIM) providers. These CIM
providers integrated into the ESX 3i system build an interface between the hardware
driver of the LSI MegaRAID controller and remote applications, such as MSM.
Management is performed through MSM installed on a remote machine(Linux/Windows). See Section 6.5.4.1, VMWare ESX 3i Management through CIM and
CMPI for more information.
The Linux installer of MSM works under console with minimal changes. Hardware RAID
is currently supported in ESX 3.x.
NOTE: There is a known limitation that virtual drives that are created or deleted will not
be reflected to the kernel. The workaround is to reboot the server or to run
esxcfg-rescan <vmhba#> from COS shell.
The network communication is a key element for a proper setup. The communication
between the ESXi CIM provider and the LSI management software is an active/passive
combination, which requires a highly reliable network. Therefore, we recommend thatyou install the management on a VM within the ESXi. Follow these steps to install andconfigure MSM support on the VMWare ESX operating system:
1. Network Configuration of the ESXi Host:— Assignment of a ESXi hostname.
Even if it is not relevant for your network, you need a FQDN (Fully Qualified
Domain Name).

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Example: local.lsi.com to be entered using the local ESXi console— Configuration of a virtual network environment:
You can use the already existing Vswitch, which has a VMkernel port alreadyattached for the communication.
Alternatively, you can build a new Vswitch without a link to the Host network
card.
Which one of the two possibilities to choose depends on your application. It is
recommended to choose between both possibilities at a early stage, because thecreation of a new Vswitch with VMkernel requires a reboot to make sure a proper
communication between the CIM provider and the new interface. For those whowant to reach the target as quickly as possible, no change is recommended.
— Configuration of the IP address:
Configure the IP address. The address must be accessible by the VM that will be
installed next.
2. VM Installation:
Install the operating system as usual, including the VMWare guest tools. The virtual
network card should be linked to a Vswitch that has a VMKernel port attached. For aquick installation, no change is recommended.
3. MSM Installation:
Install MSM with the option “complete”.
4. VM Network Configuration:— Case 1: Your network contains a DNS server:
Configure a host entry that belongs to your internal zone and make sure that the
FQDN of the ESXi server can be resolved. (Example: local.lsi.com and192.19.221.186)— Case 2: Your network does not have a DNS server:
Edit your file C.\windows\system32\drivers\etc\hosts and add anotherentry:IP of the ESXi HostFQDN of the ESXi Host

192.19.221.186

local.lsi.com

5. Final Steps:
Reboot the VM and start MegaRAID Storage Manager. The ESXi server should now
appear in the list of the found hosts. You can now log in with the root account nameand password of the ESXi Host.
Host Overview:
Figure 103 lists the host ESXi server and other servers.

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Figure 103:

Host ESXi Server NameYou can click Configure Host if you want to select the display preferences for theserver. You can choose to display only the local server, systems from a list, or display allof the systems in the network of the local server.
1. Click the Host ESXi server.
2. Enter the user name and password to log in on the ESXi Host, as shown in
Figure 104.

Figure 104:

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After you log in, the dashboard view provides an overview of the system and covers
the properties of the virtual drives and the physical drives, total capacity, configured
capacity, unconfigured capacity, background operations in progress, MSM features
and their status (enabled or disabled), and actions you can perform, such as
creating a virtual drive and updating the firmware, as shown in Figure 106.

Figure 105:

Dashboard View

After you log in, you can view the drives connected to the controller (the physicalview), as shown in Figure 106.

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Figure 106:

MegaRaid SAS Software User Guide

Physical View

3. Click the Logical tab to view the virtual drives connected to the controller (thelogical view), as shown in Figure 107.

Figure 107:

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6.5.4

Limitations

The following are the limitations of this installation and configuration:


There is no active event notification, for example, by popup or email.



There is no status information for the controller

There is no user authentification.



Events are collected as long as MSM runs on the Client.



MSM responds more slowly.

For more details on these limitations, see Section 6.5.4.2, Differences in MSM for VMware
ESXi.
6.5.4.1 VMWare ESX 3i
Management through CIM and
CMPIManagement of VMWare ESX 3i is possible only through a Common Information Model(CIM) provider. It is not possible to install anything on the VMWare ESX3i system, so
management is performed through MSM installed on a remote machine(Linux/Windows).
VMWare ESX 3i comes with the Small Footprint CIM Broker (CFCB) CIM Object Manager(or CIMOM). A CIMOM manages communication between providers, which interact
with the hardware, and a CIM client, where the administrator manages the system.
SFCB supports Common Manageablity Programming Interface (CMPI)-style providers.
CMPI defines a common standard used to interface Manageability Instrumentation(providers, instrumentation) to Management Brokers (CIM Object Manager). CMPI
standardizes Manageability Instrumentation, which allows you to write and build
instrumentation once and run it in different CIM environments (on one platform).

6.5.4.2 Differences in MSM for
VMware ESXi

The following are some of the differences in the MSM utility when you manage a
VMWare server.
The following limitations apply to the system information exposed through theapplication:— Only the IP address and the Host name display.
— The operating system type and the operating system architecture do notappear.
— There is no support for the controller health information.
The following are the MSM screens affected:— Initial MSM framework (hosts) discovery screen: No health information oroperating system type display.
— Server property page: Only the IP address and the Host name display; theoperating system type and operating system architecture do not display.

Authentication support:— MSM allows CIMOM server authentication with the user ID and the password for
VMware.
— Access control is not supported. There is no support for full view or view only
access modes. It is always full view access, and multiple clients can have full view
access at the same time on the same server.



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Full functionality support is available for the VMware ESXi operating system, but itworks differently than the normal MSM framework mode. The event logging feature
for MSM Client connected to a VMware ESXi system behaves as follows:— There is no support for retrieving initial logs (the events that occurred before aclient logs in). Only those events that occur after a client logs in appear in theevent logger dialog.
— System log does not display.
— The “Save log” feature is not supported; however, the “Save Log as Text” is still
supported.
— The “View Log” option allows you to view the logs saved in a text file on theevent logger dialog.
— The event descriptions might not be identical to a normal MSM Client because
the descriptions come from the firmware through the provider.
— There is no filtering of events, unlike Monitor Service.
— Refreshing of the MSM GUI after any updates on the firmware is slower for aclient connected to VMWare ESXi hosts, compared to one connected toWindows/Linux/Solaris hosts.
Remote discovery and heartbeat mechanism:— For networks that do not have DNS configured, the “hosts” file in the machineon which MSM is installed must be edited as follows:
Add an entry to map the VMWare host’s IP address with the hostname. This is forthe discovery to happen correctly. In the absence of this entry, the VMWare hostwould be discovered as 0.0.0.0.
Add an entry to map its own IP address (not the loop back address) with the
Hostname. This is to ensure that the Alert Event Notifications (AENs) aredelivered correctly.
— For networks that has DNS configured, the “hosts” file in the machine on which
MSM is installed must be edited as follows:
When you do the initial configurations for the VMWare host, provide the correct
DNS server IP address.
In the hosts file of the machine on which MSM is installed, add an entry to map
its own IP address (not the loop back address) with the Hostname. This is toensure that the Asynchronous Event Notifications (AENs) are delivered correctly.



The VMWare hosts are discovered only when the Framework service starts on thehost where MSM is installed.



It takes a while to discover the CIMOM servers. If you start the MSM client
immediately after you install MSM (or restart Framework service), you will not beable to discover any hosts in the network.



The VMWare ESX3i does not support the heartbeat mechanism to let MSM knowwhether VMWare ESX3i is still connected. When the connection to the remote
VMWare ESX3i is lost, MSM does not indicate this. The only option is to rediscover byrestarting the MSM framework.

This is supported only on a full installation of MSM; standalone, client-only, andserver-only modes do not support VMWare ESX3i management.

Supported on following guest operating systems:— Windows Server 2003 and Windows Server 2008

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

The following describes the status of components related to VMWare ESX3i:— MSM client GUI is supported.
— There is no support for Monitor Configurator; you cannot configure the severityof the AENs.
— There is no pop-up service support.
— There is no email and system log support.
— Monitor service support is not available.



For Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5, you must create the following symbolic links:

NOTE: This step is not required for MSM version 2.90-02 or later.
— cd /usr/lib on RHEL 5— Search for libcrypto, libssl and libsysfs libraries as follows:
ls -lrt libcrypto*, ls -lrt libssl*, ls -lrt libsysfs*— If the files libcrypto.so.4, libssl.so.4, and libsysfs.so.1 are missing,manually create sym links as follows:
ln -s libcrypto.so libcrypto.so.4
ln -s libssl.so libssl.so.4
ln -s libsysfs.so libsysfs.so.1
NOTE: If the ‘.so’ files are not present in the /usr/lib directory, create a link with theexisting version of the library.
For example, if libcrypto.so.6 is present and libcrypto.so is not, create the link asfollows:
ln -s libcrypto.so.6 libcrypto.so.4
NOTE: On a 64-bit operating system, the system libraries will be present in /usr/lib64
directory by default. However, for supporting CIM Plugin, make sure that the libraries arealso present in /usr/lib by installing the appropriate RPMs.
6.5.5
3.5i U2

Running MSM on VMWare ESX

If you are using VMWare ESX 3.5i U2, perform the following steps to make MSM work.
1. Open the maintenance console/shell in ESX3.
a. Press ALT+F1.
A shell without any prompt appears.
b. Type unsupported (all lowercase) and press ENTER.
Typed text is not prompted back.
c. Enter your password when prompted.
There is no password by default for the shell. If you have set any password fromthe “yellow” screen (DCUI), use that password.
You are prompted (#) next.

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2. Enable ssh for remote copy.
a. Type the following command.
vi /etc/inetd.conf
b. Search for ssh in the file.
By default, the line that contains ssh has comments.
c. Remove the comment by deleting the symbol # in front of the line.
d. Save the file and exit.
3. Restart the inetd daemon for the changes to take effect.
a. Type the following command to get the pid for inetd:
ps | grep inetd
b. Type the following command to kill the inetd process:
Kill -9 <inetd pid>c. Type the following command to restart the inetd daemon:#inetd
4. Type the following command to use scp to copy storelib from a remote machine tothe following path.
/lib dir scp <user@ip:path tostorelib>/libstorelib.so.2.53 /lib/libstorelib.so
5. Restart SFCB and check its status.
a. Type the following command to restart SFCB.
/etc/init.d/sfcbd restartb. Type the following command to check the status of SFCB.
/etc/init.d/sfcbd status
NOTE: The updated Storelib library in the /lib directory does not persist acrossreboots. Each time you restart the VMWare host, you have to follow this procedure to
replace the Storelib library.

6.6
Installing andConfiguring a CIM Provider

This section describes the installation and configuration of the LSI MegaRAID Common
Information Model (CIM) provider. The Common Information Model offers common
definitions of management information for networks, applications, and services, andallows you to exchange management information across systems throughout a
network.
On a VMWare ESX3i system, management is possible only through a CIM provider and
it is performed through MSM installed on a remote machine running a Linux orWindows operating system.
VMWare ESX3i comes with the Small Footprint CIM Broker (SFCB) CIM Object Manager(or CIMOM). A CIMOM manages communication between providers, which interact
with the hardware, and a CIM client, where the administrator manages the system.

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SFCB supports Common Manageablity Programming Interface (CMPI)-style providers.
CMPI defines a common standard used to interface Manageability Instrumentation(providers, instrumentation) to Management Brokers (CIM Object Manager). CMPI
standardizes Manageability Instrumentation, which allows you to write and build
instrumentation once and run it in different CIM environments (on one platform).
6.6.1
Installing a CIM SAS Storage
Provider on LinuxThe following procedure documents how to install and un-install the LSI CIM SAS
Storage Provider on a system running on the Linux operating system.
NOTE: Uninstall all the previous versions of LsiSASProvider before you install thisversion. You can check all of the installed versions of LsiSASProvider by using thecommand rpm -qa | grep LsiSASProvider .


Perform the following step to install a CIM SAS Storage Provider on a Linux system.
Install the SAS Provider using the Red Hat Package Manager (RPM) by entering thefollowing command:
rpm -ivh
The RPM installs all of the neccessary files and the Managed Object Format (MOF),
and it registers the libraries. The Provider is now ready to use.

NOTE: After you install LSI CIM SAS Provider, the MOF file LSI_SASRaid.mof isavailable under the /etc/lsi_cimprov/sas/pegasus/common directory.


Perform the following step to un- install a CIM SAS Storage Provider on a Linuxsystem.
Remove LSI CIM SAS Provider by entering the command:
rpm –ivh LsiSASProvider-<version>.<arch>.rpm"
This removes all of the necessary files, uninstalls the MOF, and unregisters thelibraries. The SAS Provider is no longer on the system.

NOTE: tog-pegasus binaries, such as cimmof, cimprovider, and wbemexec, should be in
PATH variable of /etc/profile, and hence, should be defined in all environments ofthe system.
For Pegasus version 2.5.x, perform the following steps:
1. After you install the LSI SAS Pegasus provider, verify that libLsiSASProvider.soand libLsiSASProvider.so.1 are in /usr/lib/Pegasus/providers directory.
If these files are not present, copy libLsiSASProvider.so.1 from
/opt/tog-pegasus/providers/lib to /usr/lib/Pegasus/providers andcreate a symbolic link libLsiSASProvider.so to/usr/lib/Pegasus/providers/libLsiSASProvider.so.1 at/usr/bin/Pegasus/providers.
2. Restart Pegasus CIM Server and LsiServer by performing the following steps:

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MegaRaid SAS Software User Guide— To start the tog-pegasus server, execute the following command:# /etc/init.d/tog-pegasus restart— To start LsiSASSever, execute the following command:# /etc/init.d/LsiSASd restart
6.6.2
Installing a CIM SAS Storage
Provider on Windows

The following procedure describes how to install and un-install the LSI CIM SAS Storage
Provider on a system running on a Windows operating system.
Perform the following steps to install a CIM SAS Storage Provider on a Windows system.
1. Go To DISK1.
2. Run setup.exe.
The installer installs all of the necessary files and the MOF, and registers the COM dll.
The Provider is now ready to use.
Perform the following steps to uninstall a CIM SAS Storage Provider on a Windows
system.
1. Go to Control Panel > Add/Remove Program.
2. Remove the LSI WMI SAS Provider Package.
This step removes all of the necessary files, uninstalls the MOF, and unregisters the
COM dll. The SAS Provider is no longer on the system.

6.7
Installing andConfiguring an SNMP AgentA Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP)-based management application canmonitor and manage devices through SNMP extension agents. The MegaRAID SNMP
subagent reports the information about the RAID controller, virtual drives, physicaldevices, enclosures, and other items per SNMP request. The SNMP application monitorsthese devices for issues that might require administrative attention.
This section describes the installation and configuration of the LSI MegaRAID SNMP
agent on Linux, Solaris, and Windows operating systems.

6.7.1
Prerequisite for LSI SNMPAgent RPM Installation

The LSI SNMP agent application depends upon the standard SNMP Utils package.
Please make sure that the SNMP-Util package is present in the system before you install
LSI SNMP agent RPM.
The SNMP-Util package includes the RPM’s net-snmp-libs , net-snmp-utils andadditional dependent rpm’s.
Make sure that these RPM’s are installed from the operating system media before you
install the LSI SNMP agent RPM.

6.7.2
Installing and Configuring an
SNMP Agent on LinuxThis section explains how to install and configure SAS SNMP Agent for the SUSE Linuxand Red Hat Linux operating systems.
To do this, perform the following steps.
NOTE: This procedure requires that you have Net-SNMP agent installed on the Linuxmachine.

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NOTE: The RPM has not been created to support -U version.
The RPM -U will probably fail with this RPM.
1. Install LSI SAS SNMP Agent using the rpm -ivh <sas rpm> command.
NOTE: After installation, find the SAS MIB file LSI-AdapterSAS.mib under the/etc/lsi_mrdsnmp/sas directory.
RPM makes the necessary modification needed in the snmpd.conf file to run theagent.
NOTE: Before installation, check whether there is any pass command that starts with
1.3.6.1.4.1.3582 OID in snmpd.conf. If so, delete all of the old pass commands that startwith 1.3.6.1.4.1.3582 OID. (This situation could occur if an earlier version of LSI SNMPAgent was installed in the system.)
The snmpd.conf file structure should be the same as lsi_mrdsnmpd.conf. For
reference, a sample conf file (lsi_mrdsnmpd.conf) is in the /etc/lsi_mrdsnmp
directory.
2. To run an SNMP query from a remote machine, add the IP address of that machinein the snmpd.conf file, as in this example:
com2sec

snmpclient

172.28.136.112

publicHere, the IP address of the remote machine is 172.28.136.112.
3. To receive an SNMP trap to a particular machine, add the IP address of that machinein the com2sec section of the snmpd.conf file.
For example, to get a trap in 10.0.0.144, add the following to snmpd.conf.
#

sec.namesourcecommunity

com2sec

snmpclient

10.0.0.144

public

4. To run/stop the snmpd daemon, enter the following command:/etc/init.d/snmpd start/stop
5. To start/stop the SAS SNMP Agent daemon before issuing a SNMP query, enter thefollowing command:/etc/init.d/lsi_mrdsnmpd start/stop
You can check the status of the SAS SNMP Agent daemon by checked by issuing thefollowing command:/etc/init.d/lsi_mrdsnmpd status
6. Issue an SNMP query in this format:
snmpwalk -v1 -c public localhost .1.3.6.1.4.1.3582
7. You can get the SNMP trap from local machine by issuing the following command:

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MegaRaid SAS Software User Guidesnmptrapd -P -F "%02.2h:%02.2j TRAP%w.%q from %A %v\n"NOTE: To receive a trap in a local machine with Net-SNMP version 5.3, you must modify
the snmptrapd.conf file (generally located at /var/net-snmp/snmptrapd.conf).
Add "disableAuthorization yes" in snmptrapd.conf and then execute "sudosnmptrapd -P -F "%02.2h:%02.2j TRAP%w.%q from %A %v\n".

NOTE: It is assumed that snmpd.conf is located at /etc/snmp for Red Hat and /etc for
SLES. You can change the file location from /etc/init.d/lsi_mrdsnmpd file.
You can install SNMP without the trap functionality. To do so, set the "TRAPIND"
environment variable to "N" before running RPM.
Before you install a new version, you must uninstall all previous versions.
For SLES 10, perform the following steps to run SNMP:
1. Copy /etc/snmp/snmpd.conf to /etc/snmpd.conf.
2. Modify the /etc/init.d/snmpd file and change
SNMPDCONF=/etc/snmp/snmpd.conf entry to SNMPDCONF=/etc/snmpd.conf.
3. Run LSI SNMP rpm.
6.7.3
Installing and Configuring an
SNMP Agent on Solaris

This section explains how to install and configure SAS SNMP Agent for the Solaris
operating system.

6.7.3.1

Prerequisites

This package requires that you have Solaris System Management Agent installed on
the Solaris machine.

6.7.3.2
SolarisInstallation SNMP on

To install SNMP for Solaris, perform the following procedure:
1. Unzip the LSI SAS SNMP Agent package.
2. Run the install script by executing the following command:# ./install.sh
NOTE: The installation will exit if there are any existing versions of storelib and sassnmp
installed on the Solaris machine. Uninstall the existing version by using the following
commands:# pkgrm storelib (to uninstall storelib library)# pkgrm sassnmp (to uninstall LSI SAS SNMP Agent)

6.7.3.3 LSI SAS SNMP MIB
Location

After you install the LSI SAS SNMP Agent package, the MIB file
LSI-AdapterSAS.mib is installed under /etc/lsi_mrdsnmp/sas directory.

6.7.3.4 Starting, Stopping, andChecking the Status of the LSI SAS
SNMP Agent

The following commands are used to start, stop, restart, and check the status of the
Solaris System Managment Agent (net snmpd) daemon:

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Start: # svcadm enable svc:/application/management/sma:default

Stop: # svcadm disable svc:/application/management/sma:default



Restart: # svcadm restart svc:/application/management/sma:default

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MegaRaid SAS Software User GuideStatus: # svcs svc:/application/management/sma:default

NOTE: Online indicates that the SMA is started. Disabled indicates that the SMA is
stopped.
The following commands are used to start, stop, restart, and check the status of the SAS
SNMP Agent daemon:

6.7.3.5

Configuring snmpd.confStart: #/etc/init.d/lsi_mrdsnmpd start

Stop: #/etc/init.d/lsi_mrdsnmpd stop

Restart: #/etc/init.d/lsi_mrdsnmpd restart

Status: #/etc/init.d/lsi_mrdsnmpd status

By default, SNMP queries (walk, get) can be executed from any remote machine
without any changes to the snmpd.conf file. To quickly add a new community andclient access, perform the following steps:
1. Stop the SMA service by executing the following command:# svcadm disable svc:/application/management/sma:default
2. Add read-only and read-write community names.
a. Add a read-only community name and client/hostname/ipaddress under"SECTION: Access Control Setup" in the /etc/sma/snmp/snmpd.conf file, as
shown in the following excerpt:################################################## SECTION: Access Control Setup# This section defines who is allowed to talk to your# running SNMP Agent.
# rocommunity: a SNMPv1/SNMPv2c read-only access# community name# arguments: community# [default|hostname|network/bits] [oid]# rocommunity snmpclient 172.28.157.149#################################################
b. Add a readwrite community name and client/hostname/ipaddress under"SECTION: Access Control Setup" in /etc/sma/snmp/snmpd.conf file, as
shown in the following excerpt:################################################## SECTION: Access Control Setup# This section defines who is allowed to talk to your# running# snmp agent.
# rocommunity: a SNMPv1/SNMPv2c read-only access# community name# arguments: community# [default|hostname|network/bits] [oid]# rwcommunity snmpclient 172.28.157.149#################################################LSI Corporation Confidential | June 2010

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3. Start the SMA service by using the following command:# svcadm enable svc:/application/management/sma:default
NOTE: Refer to the command man snmpd.conf for more information about
configuring the snmpd.conf file.
6.7.3.6

Configuring SNMP TrapsTo receive SNMP traps, perform the following steps:
1. Stop the LSI SAS SNMP Agent by using the following command:#/etc/init.d/lsi_mrdsnmpd stop
2. Edit the /etc/lsi_mrdsnmp/sas/sas_TrapDestination.conf file and add the
ipaddress as shown in the following excerpt:################################################## Agent Service needs the IP addresses to sent trap
# The trap destination may be specified in this file
# or using snmpd.conf file. Following indicators can# be set on "TrapDestInd" to instruct the agent to# pick the IPs as the destination.
# 1 - IPs only from snmpd.conf# 2 - IPs from this file only
# 3 - IPs from both the files#################################################
TrapDestInd 2#############Trap Destination IP##################
127.0.0.1
public172.28.157.149 public#################################################
3. Start the LSI SAS SNMP Agent by entering the following command:#/etc/init.d/lsi_mrdsnmpd start

6.7.3.7 Uninstalling the SNMP
Package

The uninstall.sh script is located under the /etc/lsi_mrdsnmp/sas directory. Use
the following command to uninstall the package:# cd /etc/lsi_mrdsnmp/sas# ./uninstall.sh

6.7.4
Installing an SNMP Agent on
Windows
6.7.4.1

Installing SNMP AgentThis section explains how to install and configure SAS SNMP Agent for the Windows
operating system.
Perform the following steps to install SNMP Agent:
1. Run setup.exe from DISK1.
2. Use SNMP Manager to retrieve the SAS data (it is assumed that you have compiled
LSI-AdapterSAS.mib file already).
The LSI-AdapterSAS.mib file is available under %ProgramFiles%\LSI
Corporation\SNMPAgent\SAS directory.
3. Use a trap utility to get the traps.

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NOTE: Before you install the Agent, make sure that SNMP Service is already installed in
the system.
6.7.4.2 Installing SNMP Service
for Windows

If you do not have SNMP Service installed on your system, perform the following steps
to install SNMP Service for a Windows system:
1. Select Add/Remove Programs from Control Panel.
2. Select Add/Remove Windows Components in the left side of the Add/Remove
Programs window.
3. Select Management and Monitoring Tools.
4. Click Next and follow any prompts to complete the installation procedure.

6.7.4.3 Configuring SNMP
Service on the Server Side

Perform the following steps to configure SNMP Service on the server side.
1. Select Administrative Tools from Control Panel.
2. Select Services from the Administrative Tools window.
3. Select SNMP Service in the Services window.
4. Open SNMP Service.
5. Click the Security tab and make sure that Accept SNMP Packets from any
host is selected.
6. Click the Traps tab and select the list of host IPs to which you want the traps to besent with the community name.

6.8
MegaRAID Storage
Manager Support andInstallation on Solaris 10

This section documents the installation of MegaRAID Storage Manager on the Solaris
10U5 and U6 (both x86 and x64) operating system.

6.8.1
Installing MegaRAID Storage
Manager Software for Solaris 10

Follow these steps to install MegaRAID Storage Manager software on a system running
Solaris 10, update 5:
1. Copy the MSM_linux_installer...tar.gz file to a temporary folder.
2. Untar the MSM_linux_installer...tar.gz file using the following command:tar -zxvf MSM_linux_installer...tar.gz
This step creates a new disk directory.
3. Go to the new disk directory, and find and read the readme.txt file.
4. Enter the Bash shell.
5. Execute the command ./install.sh present in the disk directory.
6. When prompted by the installation scripts, select Y to complete the installation.

6.8.2
Uninstalling MegaRAID
Storage Manager Software for Solaris 10

Follow these steps to uninstall MegaRAID Storage Manager software on a systemrunning Solaris 10, update 5:
1. Execute the Uninstaller.sh file located in /opt/MegaRaidStorageManager
directory.
2. When prompted by the uninstallation scripts, select Y to complete the installation.

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NOTE: To shut down MSM Framework service, run svcadm disable -t
MSMFramework. It is advisable to stop Monitor service before stopping MSM Frameworkservice. To stop Monitor service, run svcadm disable -t MSMMonitor.

NOTE: To start the Framework service, run svcadm enable MSMFramework. To start
the monitor service run svcadm enable MSMMonitor.

NOTE: To check the status of MSM services execute the command svcs -a | grep
-i msm.

6.9
Prerequisites to Running
MSM Remote Administration

MSM requires ports 3071 and 5571 to be open to function. Follow these steps toprepare to run MSM Remote Administration.
1. Configure the system with valid IP address.
Make sure there is no IP address conflict with in the sub network.
Ports such as 3071 and 5571 are open and available for MSM frameworkcommunication.
2. Disable all security manager and firewall.
3. Configure the multicasting.
Make sure Class D multicast IP addresses are registered (at least 229.111.112.12
should be registered for MSM to work); if not, create a static route using thefollowing command:
Route add 229.111.112.12 dev eth1
4. Install MSM. If MSM is already installed, restart MSM framework.

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Chapter 7: MegaRAID Storage Manager Window and Menus | Starting MegaRAID Storage
Manager Software

Chapter 7
MegaRAID Storage Manager Window and Menus
This chapter explains how to start MegaRAID Storage Manager software and describes
the MegaRAID Storage Manager window and menus.
7.1
Starting MegaRAID
Storage Manager Software

Follow these steps to start MegaRAID Storage Manager software and view the main
window:
1. Start the program using the method required for your operating system
environment:— To start MegaRAID Storage Manager software on a Microsoft Windows system,
select Start->Programs->MegaRAID Storage Manager->StartupUI, or
double-click the MegaRAID Storage Manager shortcut on the desktop.
NOTE: If a warning appears stating that Windows Firewall has blocked some features ofthe program, click Unblock to allow MegaRAID Storage Manager software to start.
(The Windows Firewall sometimes blocks the operation of programs that use Java.)— To start MegaRAID Storage Manager software on a Red Hat Linux system, selectApplications->System Tools->MegaRAID Storage Manager StartupUI.
— To start MegaRAID Storage Manager software on a SUSE Linux/SLES system,
select Start->System->More Programs ->MegaRAID Storage Manager.
When the program starts, the Select Server window appears, as shown in
Figure 108. The remote servers display, along with their IP address, operating
system, and health status.

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Figure 108:

Select Server Window

If the circle in the server icon is orange instead of green, it means that the server isrunning in a degraded state—for example, because a drive used in a virtual drive
has failed. If the circle is red, the storage configuration in the server has failed.
NOTE: To access servers on a different subnet, type in the box at the bottom of thescreen the IP address of a server in the desired subnet where the MegaRAID Storage
Manager software is running, and click Update. If you check the Connect to remote
server at: IP address box, you can also access a standalone (remote) installation of
MegaRAID Storage Manager software, if it has a network connection.

NOTE: For the VMWare CIMOM, the server button does not denote the health of theserver. The button is always green regardless of the health of the system.

NOTE: The VMWare server does not show the system health and the operating systemlabels. It shows only the Hostname and the IP address of the server.

NOTE: When connecting to a VMWare server on a different subnet, one or more
Frameworks have to be running in the subnet in order to connect to the CIMOM.
2. Double-click the icon of the server that you want to access.
The Server Login window appears, as shown in Figure 109.

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Figure 109:

Server Login Window

3. Enter your user name and password.
The question mark icon opens a dialog box that explains what you need for fullaccess to the server and for view-only access to the server.
NOTE: When connected to VMWare system, the Server Login screen shows only one
label for access. "Full Access". Multiple users can have full access to the VMWare server.
4. Select an access mode from the drop-down menu for Login Mode, and click Login.
— Select Full Access if you need to both view and change the current
configuration.
— Select View Only if you need to only view and monitor the current
configuration.
NOTE: If the computer is networked, this is the login to the computer itself, not the
network login.
5. Enter the root/administrator user name and password to use Full Access mode.
NOTE: In Linux, users belonging to the root group can log in. You do not have to be theuser “root”.
If your user name and password are correct for the Login mode you have chosen,
the MegaRAID Storage Manager main menu appears.

7.2
MegaRAID Storage
Manager Main Menu

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This section describes the MegaRAID Storage Manager main menu, which is shown in
Figure 110.

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Figure 110:

MegaRaid SAS Software User Guide

Main MegaRAID Storage Manager Window

The following topics describe the panels and menu options that appear on thisscreen.
7.2.1
al View

Dashboard/PhysicalView/Logic

7.2.1.1

Dashboard View

The left panel of the MegaRAID Storage Manager window displays the Dashboard view,
the Physical view, or the Logical view of the system and the attached devices,
depending on which tab is selected.
The Dashboard view shows an overview of the system and covers the following
features:— Properties of the virtual drives and the physical drives— Total capacity, configured capacity, and unconfigured capacity— Background operations in progress— MSM features and their status (enabled or disabled)— Actions you can perform, such as creating a virtual drive and updating thefirmware— Links to Online Help
Figure 111 shows the Dashboard view.

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Figure 111:
7.2.1.2

Physical View

MSM Dashboard View

The Physical view shows the hierarchy of physical devices in the system. At the top of
the hierarchy is the system itself, followed by the controller and the backplane. One ormore controllers are installed in the system. The controller label identifies the
MegaRAID controller, such as the MegaRAID SAS 9260-8i controller, so that you caneasily differentiate between multiple controllers. Each controller has one or more ports.
Drives and other devices are attached to the ports. The properties for each item appear
in the right panel of the screen.
Figure 112 shows the Physical view.

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Figure 112:
7.2.1.3

Logical View

MegaRaid SAS Software User Guide

MSM Physical View

The Logical view shows the hierarchy of controllers, virtual drives, and the drives anddrive groups that make up the virtual drives. The properties for these components
appear in the right panel.
Figure 113 shows the Logical view.

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Figure 113:

MSM Logical View

The following icons in the left panel represent the controllers, drives, and other devices:
StatusSystemController
Backplan
Enclosure
Port
Drive group
Virtual drive
Slot for a drive
Power save mode
Dedicated hot spare
Global hot spare

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Battery backup unit (BBU)
Tape drive
CD-ROM

NOTE: MegaRAID Storage Manager shows the icons for tape drive devices; however, notape-related operations are supported by the utility. If these operations are required, use
a separate backup application.
A red circle to the right of an icon indicates that the device has failed. For example, thisicon indicates that a drive has failed:.
A yellow circle to the right of an icon indicates that a device is running in a partiallydegraded state. For example, this icon indicates that a virtual drive is running in adegraded state because a drive has failed:
.
7.2.2
Tabs

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Properties/Graphical View

The right panel of the MegaRAID Storage Manager window has one tab or two tabs,
depending on which kind of device you select in the left panel. Figure 114 shows the
MSM main menu.


The Properties tab displays information about the selected device. For example, if
you select a controller icon in the left panel, the Properties tab lists information
about the controller, such as the controller name, NVRAM size, and device port
count. For more information, see Section 9.3, Monitoring Controllers Section 9.4,
Monitoring Drives, and Section 9.6, Monitoring Virtual Drives.



The Graphical View tab displays information about the temperature, fans, power
supplies, and voltage sensors.To display a graphical view of a drive, click an
enclosure icon in the left panel of the MegaRAID Storage Manager window, andclick the Graphical View tab.

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Figure 114:
7.2.3

Event Log Panel

Properties Tab and Graphical View Tab

The lower part of the MegaRAID Storage Manager window displays the system event
log entries. New event log entries appear during the session. Each entry has an ID, anerror level indicating the severity of the event, the timestamp and date, and a brief
description of the event.
For more information about the event log, see Section 9.1, Monitoring System Events For
more information about the event log entries, see Appendix A, Events and Messages.

7.2.4

Menu Bar

Here are brief descriptions of the main selections on the MegaRAID Storage Manager
menu bar. Specific menu options are described in more detail in Chapter 8, Chapter 9,
and Chapter 10 of this manual.

7.2.4.1

Manage Menu

The Manage menu has a Refresh option for updating the display in the MegaRAID
Storage Manager window (refresh is seldom required; the display normally updates
automatically) and an Exit option to end your session on MegaRAID Storage Manager.
The Server menu item shows all the servers that were discovered by a scan. In addition,
you can perform a check consistency, initialize multiple virtual groups, and show the
progress of group operations on virtual drives.

7.2.4.2

Go To Menu

The Go To menu is available when you select a controller, drive group, physical drive,
virtual drive, or battery backup unit in the main menu screen. The menu options varydepending on the type of device selected in the left panel of the MegaRAID Storage
Manager main menu. The options also vary depending on the current state of theselected device. For example, if you select an offline drive, the Make Drive Online
option appears in the Physical Drive menu.

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Configuration options are also available. This is where you access the Configuration
Wizard that you use to perform configuration drive groups and virtual drives. To accessthe Wizard, select the controller in the left panel, and then select Go
To->Controller->Create Virtual Drive.
7.2.4.3

Log Menu

The Log menu includes options for saving and clearing the message log. For more
information about the Log menu, see Appendix A, Events and Messages.

7.2.4.4

Tools Menu

On the Tools menu you can select Tools->Configure Alerts to access the Configure
Alerts screen, which you can use to set the alert delivery rules, event severity levels,
exceptions, and email settings. For more information, see Section 9.2, Configuring Alert
Notifications

7.2.4.5

Help Menu

On the Help menu you can select Help->Contents to view the MegaRAID Storage
Manager online help file. You can select Help->About MegaRAID Storage Manager
to view version information for the MegaRAID Storage Manager software.
NOTE: When you use the MegaRAID Storage Manager online help, you might see awarning message that Internet Explorer has restricted the file from showing active
content. If this warning appears, click on the active content warning bar and enable theactive content.
NOTE: If you are using the Linux operating system, you must install Firefox® or Mozilla®
for the MegaRAID Storage Manager online help to display.

NOTE: When connected to the VMWare server, only the IP address and the hostname
information display. The other information, such as the operating system name, version,and architecture do not display.

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Chapter 8
Configuration
This chapter explains how to use MegaRAID Storage Manager software to create andmodify storage configurations on LSI SAS controllers.
The LSI SAS controllers support RAID 0, RAID 1, RAID 5, RAID 6, RAID 00, RAID 10,
RAID 50, and RAID 60 storage configurations. The Configuration Wizard allows you toeasily create new storage configurations and modify the configurations. To learn more
about RAID and RAID levels, see Chapter 2, Introduction to RAID.
NOTE: You cannot create or modify a storage configuration unless you are logged on toa server with administrator privileges.

8.1
Creating a New Storage
Configuration

You can use the MegaRAID Storage Manager to create new storage configurations on
systems with LSI SAS controllers. You can create the following types of configurations:

Simple configuration specifies a limited number of settings and has the systemselect drives for you. This option is the easiest way to create a virtual drive.

Advanced configuration lets you choose additional settings and customize virtual
drive creation. This option provides greater flexibility when creating virtual drives
for your specific requirements.

This section describes the virtual drive parameters and explain how to create simple
and advanced storage configurations.
8.1.1

Selecting Virtual Drive Settings

This section describes the virtual drive settings that you can select when you use theadvanced configuration procedure to create virtual drives. You should change theseparameters only if you have a specific reason for doing so. It is usually best to leavethem at their default settings.


Initialization state: Initialization prepares the storage medium for use. Specify the
initialization status:— No Initialization: (the default) The new configuration is not initialized and theexisting data on the drives is not overwritten.
— Fast Initialization: The firmware quickly writes zeroes to the first and last 8-MB
regions of the new virtual drive and then completes the initialization in the
background.
This allows you to start writing data to the virtual drive immediately.
— Full Initialization: A complete initialization is done on the new configuration. You
cannot write data to the new virtual drive until the initialization is complete. Thiscan take a long time if the drives are large.

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NOTE: New RAID 5 virtual drives require at least five drives for a backgroundinitialization to start. New RAID 6 virtual drives require at least seven drives for abackground initialization to start.
Stripe size: Stripe sizes of 8, 16, 32, 64, 128, 256, 512, and 1024 KB are supported.
The default is 64 KB. For more information, see the striping entry in the Glossary.

Read policy: Specify the read policy for this virtual drive:— Always read ahead: Read ahead capability allows the controller to readsequentially ahead of requested data and to store the additional data in cachememory, anticipating that the data will be needed soon. This speeds up reads
for sequential data, but there is little improvement when accessing randomdata.
— No read ahead: (the default) Disables the read ahead capability.



Write policy: Specify the write policy for this virtual drive:— Write Through: In this mode, the controller sends a data transfer completion
signal to the host when the drive subsystem has received all of the data in atransaction. This option eliminates the risk of losing cached data in case of
power failure.
— Always Write Back: In this mode, the controller sends a data transfer completion
signal to the host when the controller cache has received all of the data in atransaction.
— Write Back with BBU: (the default) In this mode, the controller enables Write Backcaching when the battery backup unit (BBU) is installed and charged. It provides
a good balance between data protection and performance.

NOTE: The Write Policy depends on the status of the battery backup unit (BBU). If the
BBU is not present, is low, is failed, or is being charged, the default Write Policy willswitch to Write Through, which provides better data protection.
I/O policy: The IO policy applies to reads on a specific virtual drive. It does not affectthe read ahead cache.
— Cached IO: In this mode, all reads are buffered in cache memory.
— Direct IO: (the default) In this mode, reads are not buffered in cache memory.
Data is transferred to the cache and the host concurrently. If the same data blockis read again, it comes from cache memory.
Cached IO provides faster processing, and Direct IO ensures that the cache andthe host contain the same data.



Access policy: Select the type of data access that is allowed for this virtual drive.
— Read/Write: (the default) Allow read/write access. This is the default.
— Read Only: Allow read-only access.
— Blocked: Do not allow access.



Disk cache policy: Select a cache setting for this drive:— Enabled: Enable the disk cache.
— Disabled: Disable the disk cache.
— Unchanged: (the default) Leave the current disk cache policy unchanged.

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8.1.2
Creating a Virtual Drive Using
Simple Configuration

Simple configuration is the quickest and easiest way to create a new storage
configuration. When you select simple configuration mode, the system creates the best
configuration possible using the available drives.
NOTE: You cannot created spanned drives using the simple configuration procedure.
To create spanned drives, use the advanced configuration procedure described in
Section 8.1.3, Creating a Virtual Drive Using Advanced Configuration.
Follow these steps to create a new storage configuration in simple configuration mode.
1. Perform either of the following steps:
a. Right-click the controller node in the device tree in the left frame of the
MegaRAID Storage Manager window and select Create Virtual Drive.
b. Select the controller node and select Go To>Controller>Create Virtual Drive inthe menu bar, as shown in Figure 115.

Figure 115:

Virtual Drive Creation Menu

The dialog box for the configuration mode (simple or advanced) appears, as shown in
Figure 116.

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Figure 116:

Virtual Drive Simple Configuration Mode

2. Click Simple and press Next.
If there are no unconfigured drives available, you have the option to use freecapacity of an existing drive group, as shown in Figure 117. If unconfigured drives
are available, Figure 118 appears, and you can go to step 4.

Figure 117:

Using the Free Capacity of an Existing Drive Group

3. Check the option to use the free capacity of an existing drive group and press Next.
The Create Virtual Drive screen appears, as shown in Figure 118. If there are different
types of drives attached to the controller, such as HDD, SDD, SAS, and SATA, there isan option to allow drive type mixing.

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Figure 118:

Create Virtual Drive Screen

4. If you want to allow different types of drives in a configuration, click the checkbox
Use the drive type mixing.
NOTE: For best results, do not use drive type mixing.
5. Select the RAID level desired for the virtual drive.
When you use simple configuration, the RAID controller supports RAID levels 1, 5,
and 6. In addition, it supports independent drives (configured as RAID 0). The
screen text gives a brief description of the RAID level that you select. The RAID levels
that you can choose depend on the number of drives available. To learn more about
RAID levels, see Chapter 2, Introduction to RAID.
6. Click the Assign a hot spare check box if you want to assign a dedicated hot spareto the new virtual drive.
If an unconfigured good drive is available, that drive is assigned as a hot spare. Hot
spares are drives that are available to replace failed drives automatically in a
redundant virtual drive (RAID 1, RAID 5, or RAID 6).
7. Click the Use drive security check box if you want to set a drive security method.
The LSI SafeStore™ Data Security Service encrypts data and provides disk-based key
management for your data security solution. This solution protects the data in theevent of theft or loss of drives. Refer to Section 11.5, LSI SafeStore Encryption Services
for more information about the SafeStore feature.
8. Use the drop-down menu in the Virtual drives field to choose how many virtual
drives you want to create.
9. Select the capacity of the virtual drive(s).

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Each virtual drive has the same capacity.
10. Click Next.
The Create Virtual Drive - Summary window appears, as shown in Figure 119. Thiswindow shows the selections you made for simple configuration.

Figure 119:Create Virtual Drive - Summary Window

11. Click Back to return to the previous screen to change any selections or click Finish
to accept and complete the configuration.
The new virtual drive is created after you click Finish. After the configuration iscompleted, a dialog box notifies you that the virtual drives were createdsuccessfully.
NOTE: If you create a large configuration using drives that are in powersave mode, it
could take several minutes to spin up the drives. A progress bar appears as the drives
spin up. If any of the selected unconfigured drives fail to spin up, a box appears that
identifies the drive or drives.
8.1.3
Creating a Virtual Drive Using
Advanced Configuration

The advanced configuration procedure provides an easy way to create a new storage
configuration. Advanced configuration gives you greater flexibility than simple
configuration because you can select the drives and the virtual drive parameters when
you create a virtual drive. In addition, you can use the advanced configuration
procedure to create spanned drive groups.
Follow these steps to create a new storage configuration in the advanced configuration
mode. This example shows the configuration of a spanned drive group.
1. Perform either of the following steps to bring up the Configuration Wizard:
a. Right click on the controller node in the device tree in the left frame of the
MegaRAID Storage Manager window and select Create Virtual Drive.

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b. Select the controller node and select Go To->Controller->Create Virtual Drivein the menu bar, as shown in Figure 120.

Figure 120:

Virtual Drive Creation Menu

The dialog box shown in Figure 121 appears.

Figure 121:

Virtual Drive Advanced Configuration Mode

2. Click Advanced and then click Next.
The Create Drive Group Settings screen appears, as shown in Figure 122.

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Figure 122:

Create Drive Group Settings Screen

3. Select the following items on the Create Drive Group Settings screen:a. Select the RAID level desired for the drive group from the drop-down menu. To
make a spanned drive, select RAID 10, RAID 50, or RAID 60 in the RAID level
field.
Drive Group 0 and Span 0 appear in the Drive groups field when you selectRAID 10, 50, or 60.
The RAID controller supports RAID levels 1, 5, 6, 10, 50, and 60. In addition, it
supports independent drives (configured as RAID 0 and RAID 00). The screen
text gives a brief description of the RAID level you select. RAID levels you canchoose depend on the number of drives available. To learn more about RAID
levels, see Chapter 2, Introduction to RAID.
b. Scroll down the menu for the Drive security method field if you want to set a
drive security method.
The drive security feature provides the ability to encrypt data and use
disk-based key management for your data security solution. This solution
provides protection to the data in the event of theft or loss of drives. See
Section 11.5, LSI SafeStore Encryption Services, for more information about drive
security and encryption.
c. Select unconfigured drives from the list of drives and click Add> to add them tothe drive group.
The selected drives appear under Span 0 below Drive Group 0, as shown in
Figure 123.

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Figure 123:

Span 0 of Drive Group 0

d. Click Create Span to create a second span in the drive group.
e. Select unconfigured drives from the list of drives and click Add> to add them tothe second drive group.
The selected drives appear under Span 1 below Drive Group 0, as shown in
Figure 124.

Figure 124:

Span 0 and Span 1 of Drive Group 0

f. Click Create Drive Group to make a drive group with the spans.
g. Click Next to complete this step.

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The Virtual drive settings window appears, as shown in Figure 125. The drivegroup and the default virtual drive settings appear. The options to update thevirtual drive or remove the virtual drive are grayed out until you create thevirtual drive.
NOTE: The parameters in the Virtual drive settings window display in disabled mode(grayed out) for SAS-Integrated RAID (IR) controllers because these parameters do not
apply to SAS-IR controllers.

Figure 125:

Virtual Drive Settings Window

NOTE: If you select Write Back with BBU as the Write policy, and there is no battery, orthe battery is low or failed, or the battery is running through a re-learn cycle, the Write
policy switches to Write Through. This eliminates the risk of data loss in case of power
failure. A message screen notifies you of this change.
4. Change any virtual drive settings, if desired.
See Section 8.1.1, Selecting Virtual Drive Settings for more information about thevirtual drive settings.
5. Click Create Virtual Drive.
The new virtual drive appears under the drive group. The options Update Virtual
Drive and Remove Virtual Drive are available. Update Virtual Drive allows you tochange the virtual drive settings and Remove Virtual Drive allows you to delete
the virtual drive.
6. Click Next.

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The Create Virtual Drive - Summary window appears, as shown in Figure 126. Thiswindow shows the selections you made for advanced configuration.

Figure 126:

Create Virtual Drive Summary Window

7. Click Back to return to the previous screen to change any selections or click Finish
to accept and complete the configuration.
After you click Finish, the new storage configuration is created and initialized.
NOTE: If you create a large configuration using drives that are in powersave mode, it
could take several minutes to spin up the drives. A progress bar appears as the drives
spin up. If any of the selected unconfigured drives fail to spin up, a box appears to
identify the drive or drives.
After the configuration is completed, a dialog box notifies you that the virtual drives
were created successfully. If more drive capacity exists, the dialog box asks whether
you want to create more virtual drives. If no more drive capacity exists, you areprompted to close the configuration session.
8. Select Yes or No to indicate whether you want to create additional virtual drives.
If you select Yes, the system takes you to the Create Virtual Drive screen, as shown in
Figure 118. If you select No, the utility asks whether you want to close the wizard.
9. If you selected No in the previous step, select Yes or No to indicate whether you
want to close the wizard.
If you select Yes, the configuration procedure closes. If you select No, the dialog box
closes and you remain on the same page.

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8.2

Adding Hot Spare Drives

MegaRaid SAS Software User Guide

Hot spares are drives that are available to automatically replace failed drives in a RAID 1,
RAID 5, RAID 6, RAID 10, RAID 50, or RAID 60 virtual drive. Dedicated hot spares can beused to replace failed drives in a selected drive group only. Global hot spares areavailable to any virtual drive on a specific controller.
To add a dedicated or global hot spare drive, follow these steps:
1. Select the Physical tab in the left panel of the MegaRAID Storage Manager main
menu, and click the icon of an unused drive.
For each drive, the screen displays the port number, enclosure number, slot number,drive state, drive capacity, and drive manufacturer.
2. Select Go To>Physical Drive>Assign (G)lobal Hot Spare or Go To>PhysicalDrive>Assign (D)edicated Hot Spare.
3. If you selected Assign(De)dicated Hotspare, select a drive group from the list thatappears. The hot spare is dedicated to the drive group that you select.
If you selected Assign (G)lobal Hotspare, skip this step and go to the next step. The
hot spare is available to any virtual drive on a specific controller.
4. Click Go to create the hot spare.
The drive state for the drive changes to dedicated or global hot spare, dependingon your selection.

8.3
Changing Adjustable
Task Rates

Follow these steps if you need to change the adjustable rates for rebuilds, and othersystem tasks that run in the background:
NOTE: LSI recommends that you leave the adjustable task rates at their default settings
to achieve the best system performance. If you raise the task rates above the defaults,
foreground tasks will run more slowly and it might seem that the system is not
responding. If you lower the task rates below the defaults, rebuilds and otherbackground tasks might run very slowly and might not complete within a reasonable
time. If you decide to change the values, record the original default value here so you
can restore them later, if necessary:
Rebuild Rate: ____________
Background Initialization (BGI) Rate: ____________
Check Consistency Rate: ____________
1. Select a controller icon in the Physical tab or the Logical tab in the left panel of the
MegaRAID Storage Manager window.
2. Select Go To>Controller>Set Adjustable Task Rates from the menu bar, as shownin Figure 127.

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Figure 127:

Set Adjustable Task Rates Menu

The Set Adjustable Task Rates screen appears, as shown in Figure 128.

Figure 128:

Set Adjustable Task Rates Menu

3. Enter changes, as needed, to the following task rates:— Rebuild Rate
— Patrol Read
— Background Initialization (BGI) (for fast initialization)— Check Consistency (for consistency checks).
— Reconstruction

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Each task rate can be set from 0 to 100 percent. The higher the number, the fasterthe activity runs in the background, possibly impacting other system tasks.
4. Click OK to accept the new task rates.
5. When the warning message appears, click OK to confirm that you want to change
the task rates.

8.4

Changing Power Settings

The RAID controller includes Dimmer Switch™ technology that conserves energy byplacing certain unused drives into powersave mode. In powersave mode, the drives use
less energy, and the fan and the enclosure require less energy to cool and house thedrives, respectively. Also, this technology helps avoid application timeouts caused byspin-up delays and drive wear caused by excessive spin-up/down cycles.
You can use the Power Settings field in MSM to choose whether to allow unconfigured
drives or hot spares to enter powersave mode.
NOTE: The Dimmer Switch technology is enabled by default.
When they are in the powersave mode , unconfigured drives and drives configured as
hot spares (dedicated or global) can be spun down. When spun down, the drives stay inpowersave mode except for periodic maintenance, including:

Periodic background media scans (Patrol Read) to find and correct media defects toavoid losing data redundancy (hot spare drives only)

Use of a hot spare to rebuild a degraded drive group (hot spare drives only)Update of Disk Data Format (DDF) and other metadata when you make changes to
RAID configurations (hot spare drives and unconfigured drives)

NOTE: If your controller does not support this option, the Power Settings field does
not display.
Follow these steps to change the powersave setting.
1. Select a controller icon in the Physical tab or the Logical tab in the left panel of the
MegaRAID Storage Manager window.
2. Select Go To>Controller>Power Settings from the menu bar.
The Power Settings dialog box displays, as shown in Figure 130.

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Figure 129:

Powersave Mode Checkbox

3. Click the checkbox Allow unconfigured drives to enter powersave mode andthen click OK.
The second Power Settings screen appears, as shown in fig.

Figure 130:

Spin Down Time Delay Setting

4. Enter the time delay in minutes before the unconfigured drives spin down
automatically.
After the specified time, the drives spin down automatically.
5. Click OK.
Your power settings are saved. In the Physical tab of the main menu screen, thenodes for the unconfigured good drives that are spun down appear with Powersave after their status.

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8.5
Changing Virtual Drive
Properties

MegaRaid SAS Software User Guide

You can change the Read Policy, Write Policy, and other virtual drive properties at any
time after a virtual drive is created. Follow these steps to change the virtual drive
properties.
1. Select a virtual drive icon in the Physical tab or the Logical tab in the left panel ofthe MegaRAID Storage Manager window.
2. Select Go To>Virtual Drive>Set Virtual Drive Properties from the menu bar, as
shown in Figure 131.

Figure 131:

Set Virtual Drive Properties Menu

The Set Virtual Drive Properties dialog box displays, as shown in Figure 130.

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Figure 132:

Set Virtual Drive Properties Screen

3. Change the virtual drive properties as needed.
For information about these properties, see Section 8.1.1, Selecting Virtual Drive
Settings.
4. Click Ok to accept the changes.
The virtual drive settings are updated.

8.6
Changing a Virtual Drive
Configuration

You can use the Modify Drive Group Wizard in MSM to change the configuration of avirtual drive by adding drives to the virtual drive, removing drives from it, or changing
its RAID level.
CAUTION: Be sure to back up the data on the virtual drive before you change its
configuration.

NOTE: You cannot change the configuration of a RAID 10, or RAID 50, or RAID 60 virtual
drive. You cannot change a RAID 0, RAID 1, RAID 5, or RAID 6 configuration if two or
more virtual drives are defined on a single drive group. (The Logical view tab shows
which drive groups and drives are used by each virtual drive.)

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8.6.1
Accessing the Modify Drive
Group Wizard

MegaRaid SAS Software User Guide

NOTE: The Modify Drive Group Wizard was previously known as the Reconstruction
Wizard.
Perform the following steps to access the Modify Drive Group Wizard options:
1. Click the Logical tab in the left panel of the MegaRAID Storage Manager main
menu screen.
2. Select a drive group in the left panel of the window.
3. Select Go To> Drive Group>Modify Drive Group on the menu bar, or right-click
the virtual drive icon to access the Modify Drive Group Wizard.
A warning appears about rebooting virtual drives containing boot partitions thatare undergoing RAID level migration or capacity expansion operations. Back up
your data before you proceed.
fFigure 133:

Reboot Warning Message

4. Select Confirm and click Yes.
A warning to back up your data appears, as shown in Figure 134.

Figure 134:

Warning to Back up Data

5. Select Confirm and click Yes.
The Modify Drive Group Wizard screen appears, as shown in Figure 135.

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Figure 135:

Modify Drive Group Wizard

The following sections explain the Modify Drive Group Wizard options.
8.6.2
Adding a Drive or Drives to a
Configuration

CAUTION: Be sure to back up the data on the virtual drive before you add a drive to it.
Follow these steps to add a drive or drives to a configuration with the Modify Drive
Group Wizard.
1. Click the Logical tab in the left panel of the MegaRAID Storage Manager window.
2. Select a drive group in the left panel of the window.
3. Select Go To> Drive Group>Modify Drive Group on the menu bar, or right-click
the virtual drive icon to access the Modify Drive Group Wizard.
The Modify Drive Group Wizard appears.

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Figure 136:

Modify Drive Group Wizard

4. Select the RAID level that you want to change ("migrate") the drive group to andclick Next.
The following screen appears. It lists the drives you can add and it states whether
you have to add a minimum number of drives to change the RAID level from thecurrent level to the new RAID level.

Figure 137:

Add Drive(s) to the Current Configuration Screen

5. Click the check box next to any unconfigured drives that you want to add and thenclick Next.

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NOTE: The drive(s) you add must have the same capacity as or greater capacity than thedrives already in the drive group, or you cannot change the RAID level.
The Summary screen appears. This screen shows the current settings and what thesettings will be after the drives are added.

Figure 138:

Modify Drive Group Summary Screen

6. Review the configuration information.
You can click Back if you need to change any selections.
7. Click Finish to accept the changes.
A confirmation message appears. The message states that this operation cannot beaborted and asks whether you want to continue.
8. Click Yes to accept and complete the addition of the drives to the drive group.
8.6.3
Removing a Drive from a
Configuration

CAUTION: Be sure to back up the data on the virtual drive before you remove a drivefrom it.
Follow these steps to remove a drive from a RAID 1, RAID 5, or RAID 6 configuration.
NOTE: This option is not available for RAID 0 configurations.
1. Click the Logical tab in the left panel of the MegaRAID Storage Manager main
menu screen.
2. Click a drive icon in the left panel of the screen.
3. Select Go To> Physical Drive>Make Drive Offline on the menu bar, or right-click
the drive and select Make Drive Offline from the menu.

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A confirmation message appears. The message states that this operation cannot beaborted and asks whether you want to continue.
4. Click Yes to accept and complete the removal of the drive from the drive group.
8.6.4

Replacing a Drive

CAUTION: Be sure to back up the data on the virtual drive before you replace a drive.
Follow these steps to add a replacement drive and copy the data from the drive thatwas removed to the replacement drive.
1. Click the Logical tab in the left panel of the MegaRAID Storage Manager window.
2. Select a drive in the left panel of the window.
3. Select Go To> Physical Drive>Replace Physical Drive on the menu bar, orright-click the virtual drive icon to access the Modify Drive Group Wizard.
The screen with the replacement drive appears, as shown in Figure 139.

Figure 139:

Drive Replacement Window

4. Select a replacement drive.
A confirmation message appears.
5. Click Yes.
This replaces a drive and copies the data to the selected component.
8.6.5
Migrating the RAID Level of a
Virtual Drive

As the amount of data and the number of drives in your system increase, you can use
RAID-level migration to change a virtual drive from one RAID level to another. You do
not have to power down or reboot the system when you make this change.
When you migrate a virtual drive to another RAID level, you can keep the same numberof drives, or you can add drives. In some cases, you have to add a certain number ofdrives to migrate the virtual drive from one RAID level to another. The screen indicatesthe minimum number of drives you are required to add, if so.
CAUTION: Be sure to back up the data on the virtual drive before you change the RAID
level.

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Follow these steps to change the RAID level of the virtual drive with the Modify Drive
Group Wizard:
1. Click the Logical tab in the left panel of the MegaRAID Storage Manager window.
2. Select a drive group in the left panel of the window.
3. Select Go To> Drive Group>Modify Drive Group on the menu bar, or right-click
the virtual drive icon to access the Modify Drive Group Wizard.
The Modify Drive Group Wizard appears.

Figure 140:

Modify Drive Group Wizard

4. On the Modify Drive Group Wizard screen, select the RAID level that you want tochange ("migrate") the drive group to and click Next.
The following screen appears. The screen states the number of drives that you haveto add to change the RAID level from the current level to a new RAID level that
require more drives.

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Figure 141:

Add Drive(s) to the Current Configuration Screen

5. Select the unconfigured drive or drives to add and then click Next.
NOTE: The drive(s) you add must have the same capacity as or greater capacity than thedrives already in the drive group, or you cannot change the RAID level.
The Summary screen appears. This screen shows the current settings and what thesettings will be after the drives are added.

Figure 142:

Modify Drive Group Summary Screen

6. Review the configuration information.

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You can click Back if you need to change any selections.
7. Click Finish to accept the changes.
A confirmation message appears. The message states that this operation cannot beaborted and asks whether you want to continue.
8. Click Yes to accept and complete the migration to the new RAID level.
The operation begins on the virtual disk. To monitor the progress of the RAID levelchange, select Manage-> Show Progress in the menu bar.
8.6.6
New Drives Attached to a
MegaRAID Controller

When you insert a new drive on a MegaRAID system, if the inserted drive does notcontain valid DDF metadata, the drive displays as JBOD for MegaRAID Entry level
controllers, such as the SAS 9240-4i/8i. If the drive does contain valid DDF metadata, its
drive state is Unconfigured Good.
A new drive in JBOD drive state is exposed to the host operating system as astand-alone drive. Drives in JBOD drive state are not part of the RAID configuration
because they do not have valid DDF records. The operating system can install and run
anything on JBOD drives.
Automatic rebuilds always occur when the drive slot status changes, for example, when
you insert a drive or remove a drive, so that a hot spare can be used. However, a new
drive in JBOD drive state (without a valid DDF record), does not perform an automatic
rebuild.
To start an automatic rebuild on the new JBOD drive, you have to change the drivestate from JBOD to Unconfigured Good. (Rebuilds start only on Unconfigured Gooddrives.) After you set the drive state to Unconfigured Good, the drive state information
always remains on the drive, and you can use the drive for configuration.
See Section 4.11.3.3, Troubleshooting Information for more information about DDF andmetadata. See Section 10.5, Making a Drive Offline or Missing for the procedure tochange a drive to the Unconfigured Good drive state.

8.7

Deleting a Virtual Drive

CAUTION: Be sure to back up the data that is on the virtual drive before you delete it.
Be sure that the operating system is not installed on this virtual drive.
You can delete virtual drives to rearrange the storage space. To delete a virtual drive,
follow these steps.
1. Back up all user data that is on the virtual drive you want to delete.
2. On the MegaRAID Storage Manager main menu screen, select the Logical tab, andclick the icon of the virtual drive you want to delete.
3. Select Go To>Virtual Drive>Delete Virtual Drive.
4. When the warning messages appear, click Yes to confirm that you want to delete
the virtual drive.
NOTE: You are asked twice if you want to delete a virtual disk to avoid deleting thevirtual disk by mistake.

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Chapter 9: Monitoring System Events and Storage Devices | Monitoring System Events

MegaRaid SAS Software User Guide

Chapter 9
Monitoring System Events and Storage Devices
This chapter explains how to use MegaRAID Storage Manager software to monitor the
status of drives, virtual drives, and other storage devices.
9.1
Monitoring System
EventsThe MegaRAID Storage Manager utility monitors the activity and performance of allcontrollers in the system and the storage devices connected to them. When an event
occurs (such as the creation of a new virtual drive or the removal of a drive) an event
message appears in the log at the bottom of the MegaRAID Storage Manager main
menu screen, as shown in Figure 143.
You can use MegaRAID Storage Manager to alert you about events. There are settings
are for the delivery of alerts, the severity level of events, exceptions, and email settings.

Figure 143:

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Each message that appears in the event log has a severity level that indicates theimportance of the event, as shown in Table 123, a date and timestamp, and a brief
description. You can click an event to display the same information in a window. (For alist of all events, see Appendix A, Events and Messages).
Table 123: Event Severity Levels
Severity Level

Meaning

Information

Informational message. No user action is necessary.

Warning

Some component might be close to a failure point.

CriticalA component has failed, but the system has not lost data.

Fatal

A component has failed, and data loss has occurred or will occur.

The Log menu has four options:

9.2
Configuring Alert
Notifications



Save Log: Saves the current log to a .log file.



Save Log Text: Saves the current log in .txt format.



View Saved Log: Enables you to load a local .log file.



Clear Log: Clears the current log information. You have the option of saving the log
first.

The Alert Notification Configuration feature allows you to control and configure thealerts that MegaRAID Storage Manager software sends when various system eventsoccur.
To access this screen, select Tools->Configure Alerts on the main menu screen, as
shown in Figure 144.

Figure 144:

Alert Notification Configuration Menu

The Alerts Notification Configuration screen appears, as shown in Figure 145. The
screen contains three tabs: Alert Settings, Mail Server, and Email. You can use eachtab to perform tasks for that topic.

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Figure 145:

Alerts Notification Configuration Screen

You can select the Alert Settings tab to perform the following actions:

Select the methods for the delivery of alerts.

Change the severity level of events.



Save an .xml backup file of the entire alert configuration.



Load all of the values from a previously saved backup into the dialog to edit or send
to the monitor.

NOTE: When you load a saved backup file, all unsaved changes made in the current
session are lost.
You can select the Mail Server tab to perform the following actions:Enter or edit the sender e-mail address.

Enter the SMTP server.



Require authentification of the email server.

Save an .xml backup file of the entire alert configuration.



Load all of the values from a previously saved backup into the dialog to edit or send
to the monitor.

NOTE: When you load a saved backup file, all unsaved changes made in the current
session will be lost.
You can select the Email tab to perform the following actions:

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Add new email addresses for recipients of alert notifications.

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MegaRaid SAS Software User Guide

Send test messages to the recipient email addresses.

Remove email addresses of recipients of alert notifications.



Save an .xml backup file of the entire alert configuration.



Load all of the values from a previously saved backup into the dialog to edit or send
to the monitor.

NOTE: When you load a saved backup file, all unsaved changes made in the current
session will be lost.
9.2.1

Setting Alert Delivery Methods

You can select the methods used to send alert deliveries, including by popup, email,system log, or MSM log. You can select the alert delivery methods for each event
severity level (Information, Warning, Critical and Fatal).
Perform the following steps to select the alert delivery methods:
1. On the Alerts Notification Configuration screen, click the Alerts Setting tab.
2. Under the Alerts Delivery Methods heading, select one of the severity levels.
3. Click Edit.
The Alert Notification Delivery Methods dialog box appears, as shown in Figure 146.

Figure 146:

Alert Notification Delivery Methods Dialog Box

4. Select the desired alert delivery methods for alert notifications at the event severity
level.
5. Click OK to set the delivery methods used for the severity level that you selected.
9.2.2
Changing Alert Delivery
Methods for Individual Events

You can change the alert delivery options for an event without changing the severity
level.
1. On the Alerts Notification Configuration screen, click the Alerts Setting tab.
The the Alerts Setting portion of the screen appears, as shown in Figure 145.
2. Click Change Individual Events.
The Change Individual Events dialog box appears, as shown in Figure 147. The
dialog box shows the events by their ID number, description, and severity level.

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Figure 147:

Change Individual Events Dialog Box

3. Click an event in the list to select it.
The current alert delivery methods appear for the selected event under the Alert
Delivery Methods heading.
4. Select the desired alert delivery methods for the event.
5. Press ESC to return to the Alerts Notification Configuration screen.
6. Click OK.
This saves all of the changes made to the event.
9.2.3
Changing the Severity Level for
Individual Events

To change the event severity level for a specific event, perform the following steps:
NOTE: See Table 123 for details about the severity levels.
1. On the Alerts Notification Configuration screen, click the Alerts Setting tab.
The Alerts Setting portion of the screen appears.
2. Click Change Individual Events.
The Change Individual Events dialog box appears, as shown in Figure 147. The
dialog box shows the events by their ID number, description, and severity level.

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3. Click an event in the list to select it.
The current alert delivery methods appear for the selected event.
4. Click the Severity cell for the event.
The Event Severity drop-down menu appears for that event, as shown in Figure 148.

Figure 148:

Change Individual Events Severity Level Menu

5. Select a different severity level for the event from the menu.
6. Press ESC to return to the Alerts Notification Configuration screen.
7. Click OK to save all of the changes made to the events.
9.2.4
Entering or Editing the Sender
Email Address and SMTP Server

You can use the Alerts Notification Configuration screen to enter or edit the sendere-mail address and the SMTP server.
1. On the Alerts Notification Configuration screen, click the Mail Server tab.
The Mail Server options appear, as shown in Figure 149.

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Figure 149:

Mail Server Options

2. Enter a new sender email address in the Sender email address field or edit theexisting sender email address.
3. Click OK.
9.2.5

Authenticating a Server

You can use the Alerts Notification Configuration screen to authenticate the SMTP
server, providing an extra level of security. The authentication check box enables theUser name and Password fields when selected by default. Clearing the check box
disables these fields.
Perform the following steps to enter or edit the address:
1. On the Alerts Notification Configuration screen, click the Mail Server tab.
The Mail Server options appears, as shown in Figure 149.
The authentication check box is selected by default.
2. Enter a user name in the User name field.
3. Enter the password in the Password field.
4. Click OK.

9.2.6

Saving Backup Configurations

You can save an .xml backup file of the entire alert configuration.
This includes all the settings on the three tabs.
1. On the Alerts Notification Configuration screen, click the Alert Setting tab, Mail
Server tab, or Email tab.
2. Click Save Backup.
The drive directory appears.
3. Enter a filename with an .xml extension for the backup configuration (in the format
filename.xml).

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4. Click Save.
The drive directory disappears.
5. Click OK.
The backup configuration is saved and the Alert Notification Configuration screen
closes.
9.2.7
Loading Backup
Configurations

You can load all of the values from a previously saved backup into the dialog (all tabs)
to edit or send to the monitor.
NOTE: If you choose to load a backup configuration and the Configure Alerts dialog
currently contains changes that have not yet been sent to the monitor, the changes will
be lost. You are prompted to confirm your choice.
1. On the Alerts Notification Configuration screen, click the Alert Setting tab, Mail
Server tab, or Email tab.
2. Click Load Backup.
A message warns that when you load a saved backup file, all unsaved changes
made in the current session will be lost.
3. Click Yes.
The drive directory appears, from which you can select a backup configuration toload.
4. Select the backup configuration file (it should be in .xml format).
5. Click Open.
The drive directory disappears.
6. Click OK.
The backup configuration is laoded and the Alerts Notification Configuration screen
closes.

9.2.8
Adding Email Addresses ofRecipients of Alert Notifications

The Email tab portion of the Alerts Notification Configuration screen shows the email
addresses of recipients of the alert notifications. MegaRAID Storage Manager sends
alert notifications to those email addresses. Use the screen to add or remove email
addresses of recipients, and to send test messages to recipients that you add.
To add email addresses of recipients of the alert notifications, perform the following
steps:
1. Click the E-mail tab on the Event Notification Configuration screen.
The E-mail section of the screen appears, as shown in Figure 150.

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Figure 150:

Email Settings

2. Enter the email address you want to add in the New recipient email address field.
3. Click Add.
The new email address appears in the Recipient email addresses field.
9.2.9
Testing Email Addresses ofRecipients of Alert Notifications

Use the Email tab portion of the Alerts Notification Configuration screen to send test
messages to the email addresses that you added for the recipients of alert notifications.
1. Click the E-mail tab on the Event Notification Configuration screen.
The E-mail section of the screen appears, as shown in Figure 150.
2. Click an email address in the Recipient email addresses field.
3. Click Test.
4. Confirm whether the test message was sent to the email address.
If MegaRAID Storage Manager cannot send an email message to the email address,
an error message appears.

9.2.10 Removing Email Addresses ofRecipients of Alert Notifications

Use the Email tab portion of the Alerts Notification Configuration screen to remove
email addresses of the recipients of alert notifications.
1. Click the E-mail tab on the Event Notification Configuration screen.
The E-mail section of the screen appears, as shown in Figure 150.
2. Click an email address in the Recipient email addresses field.
The Remove button, which was grayed out, is now active.
3. Click Remove.
The email address is deleted from the list.

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9.3

Monitoring Controllers

MegaRaid SAS Software User Guide

When MegaRAID Storage Manager software is running, you can see the status of allcontrollers in the left panel of the MegaRAID Storage Manager window. If the controller
is operating normally, the controller icon looks like this:. If the controller has failed,a small red circle appears to the right of the icon. (See Section 7.2.1,
Dashboard/PhysicalView/Logical View for a complete list of device icons.)
To display complete controller information, click a controller icon in the left panel of the
MegaRAID Storage Manager window. The controller properties display in the rightpanel, as shown in Figure 151.

Figure 151:

Controller Properties

Most of the information on this screen is self-explanatory. Note the following:

The Rebuild Rate, Patrol Read Rate, Reconstruction Rate, Consistency Check Rate, and
BGI Rate (background initialization) are all user selectable. For more information, see
Section 8.3, Changing Adjustable Task Rates.



The BBU Present field indicates whether a battery backup unit is installed.



The Alarm Present field and the Alarm Enabled field indicate whether the controller
has an alarm to alert the user with an audible tone when there is an error or
problem on the controller.
The controller properties are defined in Appendix C.

9.4

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Monitoring Drives

When MegaRAID Storage Manager software is running, you can see the status of all
drives in the left panel of the MegaRAID Storage Manager window. If the drive isoperating normally, its icon looks like this:.

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If the drive has failed, a small red circle appears to the right of the icon, like this:(See Section 7.2.1, Dashboard/PhysicalView/Logical View for a complete list of device
icons.).

To display complete drive information, click a drive icon in the left panel of the
MegaRAID Storage Manager window. The drive properties appear in the right panel, as
shown in Figure 152.

Figure 152:

Drive Information

The information on this panel is self-explanatory. There are no user-selectableproperties for physical devices. Icons for other storage devices such as CD-ROM drives
and DAT drives can also appear in the left panel.
The Power Status property shows On when a drive is spun up and Powersave when adrive is spun down. Note that SSD drives and other drives that never spin down stillshow On.
If the drives are in a drive enclosure, you can identify which drive is represented by eachdrive LED on the enclosure. Follow these steps to locate the drive:
1. Click the drive icon in the left panel.
2. Click Go To>Physical Drive>Start Locating Drive.
The LED on the drive in the enclosure starts blinking to show its location.
NOTE: LEDs on drives that are global hot spares do not blink.
3. To stop the drive LED on the enclosure from blinking, select Go To>PhysicalDrive>Stop Locating Drive.

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The drive properties are defined in the Glossary.
To display a graphical view of a drive, click a drive icon in the left panel of the MegaRAID
Storage Manager window, and click the Graphical View tab. In Graphical View, thedrive’s storage capacity is color coded according to the legend shown on the screen:
configured space is blue, available space is white, and reserved space is red. When you
select a virtual drive from the drop-down menu, the drive space used by that virtual
drive is displayed in green.

9.5

Running a Patrol Read

A patrol read periodically verifies all sectors of drives connected to a controller,
including the system reserved area in the RAID configured drives. A patrol read can beused for all RAID levels and for all hot spare drives. This operation is initiated only when
the controller is idle for a defined time period and has no other background activities.
You can set the patrol read properties and start the patrol read operation, or you canstart the patrol read without changing the properties.
To set the patrol read properties and then start a patrol read, follow these steps:
1. Click a controller icon in the left panel of the MegaRAID Storage Manager mainmenu.
2. Select Go To>Controller>Set Patrol Read Properties.

Figure 153:

Start Patrol Read Menu

The Patrol Read - Set properties screen displays, as shown in Figure 154.

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Figure 154:

Patrol Read Configuration

3. Select a mode for a patrol read. The options are:— Automatic: Patrol read runs automatically at the time interval you specify on
this screen.
— Manual: Patrol read runs only when you manually start it by selecting Start
Patrol Read from the controller Options panel.
— Disabled: Patrol read does not run.
4. Specify a maximum count of drives to include in the patrol read. The count must befrom 1 to 255.
5. Click virtual drives in the list under the heading Virtual Drives to include in thepatrol read and click Add > or click Add All >> to include all of the virtual drives.
6. (Optional) Change the frequency at which the patrol read will run.
The default frequency is weekly (168 hours), which is suitable for mostconfigurations. The other options are hourly, daily, and monthly.
NOTE: LSI recommends that you leave the patrol read frequency and other patrol readsettings at the default values to achieve the best system performance. If you decide tochange the values, record the original default value here so you can restore them later,
if necessary:
Patrol Read Frequency: ___________________
Continuous Patrolling: Enabled/Disabled
Patrol Read Task Rate: ___________________
7. (Optional) Set Patrol Read to run at a specific time.
The default is for the patrol read to start when you click OK on this screen. Tochange the default so that the patrol read starts at a specific time, follow these steps(otherwise, skip this step and proceed to the next step):

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MegaRaid SAS Software User Guidea. Uncheck the box Perform Patrol Read when I click OK.
b. Select the month, year, day, and time to start patrol read.
8. Click OK to enable your patrol read selections.
NOTE: Patrol read does not report on its progress while it is running. The patrol readstatus is reported in the event log only.
To start a patrol read without changing the patrol read properties, follow these steps:
1. Click a controller icon in the left panel of the MegaRAID Storage Manager main
menu screen.
2. Select Go To>Controller>Start Patrol Read in the menu bar.
3. When prompted, click Yes to confirm that you want to start a patrol read.
9.5.1

Patrol Read Task Rates

You have the option to change the patrol read task rate. The task rate determines theamount of system resources that are dedicated to a patrol read when it is running. LSI
recommends, however, that you leave the patrol read task rate at its default setting.
If you raise the task rate above the default, foreground tasks will run more slowly and it
might seem that the system is not responding. If you lower the task rate below thedefault, rebuilds and other background tasks might run very slowly and might notcomplete within a reasonable time. For more information, about the patrol read taskrate, see Section 8.3, Changing Adjustable Task Rates

9.6

Monitoring Virtual Drives

When MegaRAID Storage Manager is running, you can see the status of all virtual
drives. If a virtual drive is operating normally, the icon looks like this:. If the virtual
drive is running in Degraded mode (for example, if a drive has failed), a small yellow
circle appears to the right of the icon:. A red circle indicates that the virtual drive
has failed and data has been lost.
When the Logical tab is selected, the left panel of the MegaRAID Storage Manager
window shows which drives are used by each virtual drive. The same drive can be usedby multiple virtual drives.
To display complete virtual drive information, click the Logical tab in the left panel andclick a virtual drive icon in the left panel. The properties appear in the right panel. All
virtual drive properties are defined in Chapter C, Glossary. Figure 155 shows theProperties panel for a virtual drive.

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Figure 155:

Virtual Drive Properties

The RAID level, stripe size, and access policy of the virtual drive are set when it isconfigured.
NOTE: You can change the read policy, write policy, and other virtual drive properties.
See Section 8.5, Changing Virtual Drive Properties for the procedure you can use tochange these properties.
If the drives in the virtual drive are in an enclosure, you can identify them by making
their LEDs blink. To do this, follow these steps:
1. Click the virtual drive icon in the left panel.
2. Click Go To>Virtual Drive>Start Locating Virtual Drive or right-click a virtual
drive and select Start Locating Virtual Drive from the menu.
The LEDs on the drives in the virtual drive start blinking (except for hot spare
drives).
3. To stop the LEDs from blinking, click Go To>Virtual Drive>Stop Locating Virtual
Drive.

9.7

Monitoring Enclosures

LSI Corporation Confidential | June 2010

When MegaRAID Storage Manager software is running, you can see the status of all
enclosures connected to the server by selecting the Physical tab in the left panel. If an
enclosure is operating normally, the icon looks like this:. If the enclosure is not
functioning normally—for example, if a fan has failed—a small yellow or red circle
appears to the right of the icon.

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Chapter 9: Monitoring System Events and Storage Devices | Monitoring Battery Backup
Units

9.8
Monitoring Battery
Backup Units

MegaRaid SAS Software User Guide

When MegaRAID Storage Manager is running, you can monitor the status of all of the
BBUs connected to controllers in the server. If a BBU is operating normally, the icon
looks like this:. If it has failed, a red dot appears next to the icon.
To show the properties for a BBU, perform the following steps:
1. On the main menu screen, click the Physical tab to open the physical view.
2. Select the BBU icon in the left panel.
The BBU properties appear in the right panel. The BBU properties include the following:

9.8.1

Battery Learn Cycle

The number of times the BBU has been recharged (Cycle Count)

The full capacity of the BBU, plus the percentage of its current state of charge, andthe estimated time until it will be depletedThe current BBU temperature, voltage, current, and remaining capacity



If the battery is charging, the estimated time until it is fully charged

Learn Cycle is a battery calibration operation performed by the controller periodicallyto determine the condition of the battery. You can start battery learn cycles manually or
automatically. To choose automatic battery learn cycles, enable automatic learn cycles.
To choose manual battery learn cycles, disable automatic learn cycles.
If you enable automatic learn cyles, you can delay the start of the learn cycles for up to
168 hours (7 days). If you disable automatic learn cycles, you can start the learn cycles
manually, and you can choose to receive a reminder to start a manual learn cycle.

9.8.1.1 Setting Learn Cycle
Properties

To set the learn cycle properties, perform the following steps:
1. Click the Physical tab to open the physical view.
2. Select the BBU icon in the left panel.
3. Click the Go To>BBU>Set Learn Cycle Properties.
The BBU operations screen appears.
4. On the BBU operations screen, click Enable automatic learn cycles and click Go.
You can delay the start of the next learn cycle by up to 7 days (168 hours) using the
Delay next learn cycle field.
5. To disable automatic learn cycles, click Disable automatic learn cycles and thenclick Go.
You can start the learn cycles manually. In addition, you can check the box next to thefield Remind me when to start a learn cycle to receive a reminder to start a manual
learn cycle.

9.8.1.2 Starting a Learn Cycle
Manually

To start the learn cycle properties manually, perform the following steps:
1. Click the Physical tab to open the physical view.
2. Select the BBU icon in the left panel.
3. Click the Go To>BBU>Start Learn Cycle.
Another way to start the learn cycle is to right-click the BBU icon and select Start Learn
Cycle from the menu.

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Chapter 9: Monitoring System Events and Storage Devices | Monitoring Rebuilds and Other
Processes

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9.9
Monitoring Rebuilds andOther Processes

MegaRAID Storage Manager software allows you to monitor the progress of rebuilds
and other lengthy operations in the Group Show Progress window.
Follow these steps to monitor the progress of these operations.
1. Open this window, shown in Figure 156, by selecting Manage>Show Progress on
the menu bar.

Figure 156:

Group Show Progress Menu

The Group Show Progress window appears, as shown in Figure 157.

Figure 157:

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Group Show Progress Window

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Operations on virtual drives appear in the left panel of the Group Show Progress
window, and operations on drives appear in the right panel. The following
operations appear in this window:Background or foreground initialization of a virtual drive (see Section 10.1,
Initializing a Virtual Drive)Rebuild (see Section 10.4, Rebuilding a Drive)Modify Drive Group (see Section 8.6, Changing a Virtual Drive Configuration)



Check Consistency (see Section 10.2, Running a Consistency Check)

2. (Optional) Click Abort All to abort all ongoing processes.
3. Click Close to close the window.

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Chapter 10: Maintaining and Managing Storage Configurations | Initializing a Virtual Drive

Chapter 10
Maintaining and Managing Storage Configurations
This chapter explains how to use MegaRAID Storage Manager software to maintain andmanage storage configurations.
10.1

Initializing a Virtual Drive

To initialize a virtual drive after completing the configuration process, follow thesesteps:
1. Select the Logical tab in the left panel of the MegaRAID Storage Manager main
menu, and click the icon of the virtual drive that you want to initialize.
2. Select Go To>Virtual Drive>Start Initialization.
The initialize dialog box appears.
3. Select the virtual drive(s) to initialize.
CAUTION: Initialization erases all data on the virtual drive. Make sure to back up any
data you want to keep before you initialize. Make sure the operating system is notinstalled on the virtual drive you are initializing.
4. Select the Fast Initialization check box if you want to use this option.
If you leave the box unchecked, MegaRAID Storage Manager software will run a Full
Initialization on the virtual drive. (For more information, see Section 8.1.1, Selecting
Virtual Drive Settings)
5. Click Start to begin the initialization.
You can monitor the progress of the initialization. See Section 9.9, Monitoring
Rebuilds and Other Processes for more information.

10.1.1

Running a Group Initialization

Initialization prepares the storage medium for use. You can run an initialization on
multiple drives at one time. Follow these steps to run a group consistency check.
1. Click Manage>Initialize.
The Group Consistency Check appears, as shown in Figure 162.

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Check

Figure 158:

MegaRaid SAS Software User Guide

Group Initialization Dialog Box

2. Check the virtual drives to run the initialization on or click Select All to select all of
the virtual drives.
3. Click Start.
You can monitor the progress of the group initialization. See Section 9.9, Monitoring
Rebuilds and Other Processes for more information.

10.2 Running a Consistency
Check

The Consistency Check operation verifies correctness of the data in virtual drives thatuse RAID levels 1, 5, 6, 10, 50, and 60. (RAID 0 does not provide data redundancy). For
example, in a system with parity, checking consistency means computing the data on
one drive and comparing the results to the contents of the parity drive.
You should run a consistency check on fault-tolerant virtual drives periodically. You
must run the consistency check if you suspect that the virtual drive data might becorrupted. Be sure to back up the data before running a consistency check if you think
the data might be corrupted.
To run a consistency check, first set the consistency check properties and thenschedule the consistency check. This section explains how to set the properties,
schedule the check, and run the consistency check.

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10.2.1 Setting the Consistency Check
Settings

Follow these steps to set the properties for a consistency check:
1. Click the Physical tab or Logical tab and select the controller.
2. Click Go To>Controller>Set Consistency Check Properties.
Figure 159 shows the consistency check properties menu item.

Figure 159:

Set Consistency Check Properties Option

The Set Consistency Check Properties dialog box appears, as shown in Figure 160.

Figure 160:

Set Consistency Check Properties Dialog Box

3. Choose one of the two options:

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Check

MegaRaid SAS Software User Guide— Stop Consistency Check on Error: The RAID controller stops the consistency
check operation if the utility finds an error.
— Continue Consistency Check and Fix Errors: The RAID controller continues theconsistency check if the utility finds and error, and then fixes the errors.
4. Click Ok.
10.2.2Check

Scheduling a Consistency

Follow these steps to set the properties for a consistency check:
1. Click the Physical tab or Logical tab and select the controller.
2. Click Go To>Controller>Schedule Consistency Check.
The Schedule Consistency dialog box appears, as shown in Figure 160.

Figure 161:

Schedule Consistency Check Dialog Box

3. Perform the following steps to schedule the consistency check:a. Select how often to run the consistency check from the drop-down menu.
You can click Advanced for more detailed date options.
b. (Optional) Check the Run consistency check continuously checkbox.
c. Select the month, day, and year on which to start the consistency check.
d. Select the time of day to start the consistency check.

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4. Click Ok.
You can monitor the progress of the consistency check. See Section 9.9, Monitoring
Rebuilds and Other Processes for more information.
10.2.3
Check

Running a Group Consistency

You can run a consistency check on multiple drives at one time. Follow these steps torun a group consistency check.
1. Click Manage>Check Consistency.
The Group Consistency Check appears, as shown in Figure 162.

Figure 162:

Group Consistency Check Dialog Box

2. Check the virtual drives to run the consistency check on or click Select All to selectall of the virtual drives.
3. Click Start.
You can monitor the progress of the group consistency check. See Section 9.9,
Monitoring Rebuilds and Other Processes for more information.

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Chapter 10: Maintaining and Managing Storage Configurations | Scanning for New Drives

10.3

Scanning for New Drives

MegaRaid SAS Software User Guide

You can use the Scan for Foreign Configuration option to find drives with foreign
configurations. A foreign configuration is a RAID configuration that already exists on a
replacement set of physical disks that you install in a computer system. In addition, if
one or more drives are removed from a configuration, by a cable pull or drive removal,
for example, the configuration on those drives is considered a foreign configuration by
the RAID controller. Drives that are foreign are listed on the physical drives list with a
special symbol in MegaRAID Storage Manager.
The utility allows you to import the existing configuration to the RAID controller or clear
the configuration so you can create a new configuration using these drives. You canpreview the foreign configuration before you decide whether to import it.
MegaRAID Storage Manager software normally detects newly installed drives anddisplays icons for them in the MegaRAID Storage Manager window. If for some reason
MegaRAID Storage Manager software does not detect a new drive (or drives), you can
use the Scan for Foreign Configuration command to find it.
Follow these steps to scan for a foreign configuration:
1. Select a controller icon in the left panel of the MegaRAID Storage Manager window.
2. Select Go To>Controller>Scan for Foreign Configuration.
If MegaRAID Storage Manager software detects any new drives, it displays a list ofthem on the screen. If not, it notifies you that no foreign configuration is found.
3. Follow the instructions on the screen to complete the drive detection.

10.4

Rebuilding a Drive

If a single drive in a RAID 1, RAID 5, RAID 10, or RAID 50 virtual drive fails, the system isprotected from data loss. A RAID 6 virtual drive can survive two failed drives. If hotspare disks are available, a failed drive is rebuilt automatically without any userintervention. A failed drive must be replaced, and the data on the drive must be rebuilt
on a new drive to restore the system to fault tolerance. (You can choose to rebuild thedata on the failed drive if the drive is still operational.) If hot spare drives are available,
the failed drive is rebuilt automatically without any user intervention.
If a drive has failed, a red circle appears to the right of the drive icon:. A smallyellow circle appears to the right of the icon of the virtual drive that uses this drive:. This indicates that the virtual drive is in a degraded state; the data is still safe, butdata could be lost if another drive fails.
Follow these steps if you need to rebuild a drive:
1. Right-click the icon of the failed drive, and select Rebuild.
2. Click Yes when the warning message appears. If the drive is still good, a rebuild will
start.
You can monitor the progress of the rebuild in the Group Show Progress window by
selecting Manage>Show Progress. If the drive cannot be rebuilt, an error message
appears. Continue with the next step.
3. Shut down the system, disconnect the power cord, and open the computer case.
4. Replace the failed drive with a new drive of equal capacity.
5. Close the computer case, reconnect the power cord, and restart the computer.
6. Restart the MegaRAID Storage Manager software.

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Chapter 10: Maintaining and Managing Storage Configurations | Making a Drive Offline orMissing

When the new drive spins up, the drive icon changes back to normal status, and therebuild process begins automatically. You can monitor the progress of the rebuild in
the Group Show Progress window by selecting Manage>Show Progress.

10.5 Making a Drive Offline orMissing

If a drive is currently part of a redundant configuration and you want to use it inanother configuration, you can use MegaRAID Storage Manager commands to remove
the drive from the first configuration and change the drive state to Unconfigured Good.
CAUTION: After you perform this procedure, all data on that drive is lost.
To remove the drive from the configuration without harming the data on the virtual
drive, follow these steps:
1. In the MegaRAID Storage Manager main menu, click Go To>Physical Drive>Make
Drive (O)ffline.
The drive status changes to Offline.
2. Click Go To>Physical Drive>(M)ark Drive as Missing.
The drive status changes to Unconfigured Good.
CAUTION: After you perform this step, the data on this drive is no longer valid.
3. If necessary, create a hot spare drive for the virtual drive from which you haveremoved the drive. (See Section 8.2, Adding Hot Spare Drives.)
When a hot spare is available, the data on the virtual drive will be rebuilt. You can
now use the removed drive for another configuration.
CAUTION: If MegaRAID Storage Manager software detects that a drive in a virtual drive
has failed, it makes the drive offline. If this happens, you must remove the drive andreplace it. You cannot make the drive usable for another configuration by using theMark physical disk as missing and Rescan commands.

10.6

Upgrading the Firmware

MegaRAID Storage Manager software enables you to easily upgrade the controller
firmware.
To avoid data loss because of dirty cache on the controller, the utility forces the virtualdisks into Write through mode after a firmware upgrade. It is in this mode until theserver reboots. In Write through mode, the controller sends a data transfer completion
signal to the host when the disk subsystem has received all the data in a transaction.
This way, in case of a power outage, the controller does not discard the dirty cache.
Follow these steps to upgrade the firmware:
1. In the MegaRAID Storage Manager main menu, click Go To>Controller>Update
Controller Firmware.
2. Click Browse to locate the .rom update file, as shown in Figure 163.

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Figure 163:

MegaRaid SAS Software User Guide

Locate the Controller Firmware File

3. After you locate the file, click OK.
MegaRAID Storage Manager software displays the version of the existing firmware
and the version of the new firmware file.
4. When you are prompted to indicate whether you want to upgrade the firmware,
click Yes.
The controller is updated with the new firmware code contained in the .rom file.
5. Reboot the system after the new firmware is flashed.
The new firmware does not take effect until reboot.

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Chapter 11
Using MegaRAID® Advanced SoftwareThis chapter describes the MegaRAID advanced software offered by MegaRAID Storage
Manager (MSM) for certain MegaRAID SAS 6Gb/s RAID controllers and explains how to
use these features.
11.1 MegaRAID Advanced
Software

The MegaRAID advanced software are features that MegaRAID Storage Manager (MSM)
and WebBIOS support on certain MegaRAID SAS 6Gb/s RAID controllers. The following
MegaRAID SAS 6Gb/s RAID controllers support advanced software features that offer
improved performance, data protection, and availability:


MegaRAID SAS 9260-4i

MegaRAID SAS 9260-8i

MegaRAID SAS 9280-4i4e

NOTE: Record your controller serial number in a safe location in case you need tocontact LSI.

NOTE: Back up your data before you make a change in the system configuration. Failure
to do so could result in data loss.

11.2 Recovery Advanced
Software11.2.1

MegaRAID Recovery

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The MegaRAID advanced software include the following features.


MegaRAID Recovery



MegaRAID CacheCade™

MegaRAID FastPath™

LSI SafeStore™ Encryption Services

MegaRAID Recovery, also known as Snapshot, offers a simplified way to recover dataand provides automatic protection for the boot volume. You can use the Recovery
feature to take a snapshot of a volume and to restore a volume or file. Snapshot
functionality allows you to capture data changes to the volume, and, if data is deleted
accidentally or maliciously, you can restore the data from the view or roll back to asnapshot at a previous point-in-time (PiT). MegaRAID Recovery supports up to eightsnapshots of PiTs for each volume.

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Each Recovery PiT volume snapshot is typically a fraction of the original volume size,
because it tracks only the changes that are made to a volume after the PiT is created.
Disk space for PiTs is reserved in the Snapshot Repository virtual drive, and the PiT isexpanded in small increments as new data is written to the volume. Multiple PiTs ofeach volume can be retained online, enabling frequent snapshots to be stored in aspace-efficient manner.
11.2.2

Recovery Scenarios

There are three primary scenarios in which to use the Recovery feature:
1. Restore the missing or deleted files (restore from view) with the following steps:
a. Discover which file is missing or corrupted.
b. Review the Snapshot views of the file content (also known as "mounting" afsnapshot) from each PiT until you find an earlier version of the missing or
corrupted file. A mounted view appears as another drive letter in the Windows
Explorer screen.
c. Drag and drop the earlier version of the file from Snapshot view back into theonline storage volume that was the source of the Snapshot.
2. If there is a corrupt volume or operating system, roll back the volume to a previous
state with the following steps:
a. Restart the system and press Ctrl+H during POST (Power-on Self Test).
b. In the WebBIOS screen, select the corrupted virtual drive and on the next screenthat appears, select the option Adv Opers.
c. Select Rollback and designate the most recent PiT from the drop-down list.
d. Click Go and then exit WebBIOS.
The system reboots.
e. Begin debug/verification procedures on the volume.
You can follow these same steps to roll back to previous PiTs.
3. Reduce the risk of extended downtime during application updates/upgrades in the
IT center with the following steps:
a. When the application is offline, take a snapshot of the application volume.
b. Install each patch individually and test for any new defects that might have been
introduced.
c. Take a snapshot after you test each patch and determine that it is clean.
d. If a defect is introduced, roll back to the previous installation and bypass theinstallation of the defective patch.
NOTE: If the volume is still damaged, continue to select from the next most current PiT
to the oldest.

11.2.3 Enabling the Recovery
Advanced Software

You can enable the Recovery advanced software in MSM. When you enable Recovery,
you create two virtual drives, one as a Snapshot Base or a source and the other as a
Snapshot Repository. The base virtual drive contains the data that is stored in therepository virtual drive.
Follow these steps to enable MegaRAID Recovery.
1. Select the Logical tab on the main menu screen for the Logical view.
2. Select and highlight a virtual drive from the list of virtual drives.

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This is the Snapshot Base virtual drive.
NOTE: A Base virtual drive and a Repository virtual drive can be associated with thesame drives or a common set of drives, or the two virtual drives can be located on twocompletely separate set of drives. Using a separate set of drives for the Base virtual drive
and the Repository virtual drives provides a performance advantage over using acommon set of drives.
3. Select Go To->Virtual Drive->Enable MegaRAID Recovery on the menu bar, as
shown in Figure 164.

Figure 164:

Enable MegaRAID Recovery Menu Option

The Enable MegaRAID Recovery Wizard appears, as shown in Figure 165.
4. On the Enable MegaRAID Recovery Wizard screen, shown in Figure 165, select thevirtual drive to use as the Snapshot Repository in the Snapshot Repository field.
CAUTION: The drop-down selector for the Snapshot Repository might default to thefirst virtual drive in the drive group. Do not click OK until you verify and choose a virtual
drive that contains no data. Designating the wrong virtual drive for the Snapshot
Repository will result in all data being erased from that volume.

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Figure 165:

MegaRaid SAS Software User Guide

Enable MegaRAID Recovery Wizard

5. In the Snapshot Repository field, select the available capacity in the Snapshot
Repository to use for changes to the base virtual drive .
The capacity is dependent on how write-intensive the application is that you aretaking snapshots of. The available capacity is the largest free block of capacity on
the snapshot repository virtual drive.
NOTE: If you designate all of the capacity for the Virtual Drive Repository, you cannot
use the same virtual drive as a repository for other volumes.
6. Choose whether to have a snapshot taken on reboot. To enable this option, checkthe box next to the Take snapshot on reboot field.
If you select this option, a snapshot is taken on boot after every successful
shutdown. You can use this snapshot of the boot virtual drive to restore theoperating system on the virtual drive in case the virtual drive becomes corrupted.
7. Click OK.
A confirmation dialog box appears.
8. Check the box next to the Confirm field to enable snapshots on the selected virtual
drive and then click Yes.
This virtual drive becomes a snapshot repository. Use it only for storing
snapshot-related data.
CAUTION: After you enable snapshots on this virtual drive, you cannot change theallocated percentage of capacity or the snapshot repository without first disabling
snapshots and losing any snapshot data.

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11.2.4Creating Snapshots

You can use MSM to create up to eight snapshots of a volume. MSM shows thesnapshots in chronological order from the oldest to the newest. Each snapshot is a PiT
snapshot of the virtual drive that is the Snapshot Base.
You can reboot and roll back to a snapshot to restore the data.
Follow these steps to create a snapshot.
1. Select the Logical tab on the main menu screen for.
2. Click a Snapshot Base virtual drive in the left frame.
3. Click the Snapshots tab in the right frame.
This screen shows the Snapshot Base details and any existing snapshots.
4. Enter the snapshot name in the Enter snapshot name field.
5. Click Create Snapshot.
The snapshot you create appears in the snapshot timeline, as shown in Figure 166.
The oldest snapshot is on the left end of the timeline. The snapshot details appear
below the timeline. In this example, a snapshot named "Auto18155237" wascreated.

Figure 166:

Create Snapshot Screen

6. Repeat step 2 through step 5 to create additional snapshots.
The snapshots appear on the timeline from the oldest on the left to the newest on
the right. If you create the maximum number of snapshots allowed, eight, theCreate Snapshot button is disabled.

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11.2.5Creating Views

MegaRaid SAS Software User Guide

After you create the snapshots, you can create views of the PiT snapshots. You cansearch the views to find a snapshot that does not contain the corrupt data or asnapshot that contains the deleted data, depending on the situation.
Follow these steps to create views of the snapshots.
1. Click the Logical view on the main menu screen.
2. Click the Snapshot Base virtual drive in the left frame.
3. Click the Snapshots tab in the right frame.
This screen shows the Snapshot Base details and any existing snapshots.
4. Click Create View in the right frame.
The Create View screen appears, as shown in Figure 167.

Figure 167:

Create View Screen

5. Enter the name of the view in the Enter View name field
6. Enter the capacity in the Available Capacity field to set aside in the snapshot.
This is a percentage of the Repository virtual drive capacity.
7. Click OK.
This creates the view of the Point-in-Tim snapshot of the volume.
11.2.6 Restoring by Rolling Back to a
Snapshot

You can roll back to a previous Point-in-Time snapshot to recover an entire volume. Thisaction is often used where there are malicious files that cannot be traced. Reboot thesystem, and then roll back to that snapshot.
Follow these steps to roll back the volume version to an earlier version.
1. After you determine there are malicious or corrupt files, start the WebBIOS
configuration utility by pressing Ctrl+H during POST.

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2. Click the Snapshot Base virtual drive in the right frame.
3. Select Adv Opers at the bottom of the screen.
4. Select Rollback and then designate a snapshot PiT from the drop-down list.
5. Click Go.
6. Exit WebBIOS and reboot the system.
NOTE: If the operating system is corrupted and cannot boot, go to Section 4.9.7,
Restoring a Virtual Drive by Rolling Back to a Snapshot, in the WebBIOS Configuration
Utility.
11.2.7

Restoring from a View

After you discover that a file, record, or file system is missing or deleted, you canrestoring the data from a view. You can mount any PiT to create an instant view of thedata at a previous point-in-time. Then you can restore the data in MSM anddrag-and-drop the lost data and/or files back into the source data virtual drive volume.
Follow these steps to restore a file from view.
1. Mount a view of the file content from each PiT until you find the missing file.
2. Drag and drop the missing file from Snapshot view back into the online storage
volume that was the source of the Snapshot.

11.2.8

Deleting a Snapshot

NOTE: You can delete only the oldest snapshot.
Follow these steps to delete a snapshot.
1. Select the Logical tab on the main menu screen for the Logical view.
2. Click the Snapshot Base virtual drive in the left frame.
3. Click the Snapshots tab in the right frame.
This screen shows the Snapshot Base details and any existing snapshots.
4. Click the oldest snapshot in the timeline.
5. Click the Delete Snapshot button.
This deletes the oldest snapshot.

11.2.9Clearing Snapshots

Follow these steps to clear (delete) all of the snapshots.
1. Select the Logical tab on the main menu screen for the Logical view.
2. Click the Snapshot Base virtual drive in the left frame.
3. Click Go To->Virtual Drive->Clear Snapshots on the menu bar.
A confirmation dialog box appears. This dialog box warns that any snapshot-related
data that is on the associated Snapshot Repository virtual drives is lost if you clear
the snapshots.
4. Check the box next to the Confirm field and click Yes.
The snapshots are cleared.

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11.3 CacheCade Advanced
Software

MegaRaid SAS Software User Guide

MegaRAID CacheCade improves application performance by expanding the MegaRAID
read-caching capacity. The CacheCade feature uses high-performing Solid State Drives(SSDs) as a secondary tier of cache to provide faster reads and to maximize
transactional I/O performance.
Using SSDs as controller cache allows for very large data sets to be present in cache,delivering up to a performance improvement that is 50 times greater than regularcache in read-intensive applications, such as online transaction processing (OLTP), andfile and Web server workloads.. The solution is designed to accelerate the IO
performance of HDD-based drive groups while only requiring a small investment in
SSD technology.
To support full-throughput for multiple direct-attached SSDs, this feature reduces
IO-processing overhead in the 2108-chip-based MegaRAID controllers. CacheCade
offers performance equivalent to flash-based controllers and better performance for
RAID 5 and RAID 6 when compared to Fusion I/O.

11.3.1 Using the CacheCade
Advanced Software

Perform the following steps to use the CacheCade advanced software.
1. Click a RAID controller icon in the left frame.
2. Click Controller>Create CacheCade™ on the menu bar, as shown in Figure 168.

Figure 168:

Create CacheCade Menu Option

The Wizard screen appears.
3. Click on unconfigured SSD drives in the left frame to select the drives for the
CacheCade drive group, as shown in Figure 169.

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Figure 169:

CacheCade Wizard Screen

After you select the unconfigured drives, the Add > button is available.
4. Click Add > to move the selected drives to the drive group in the right frame, as
shown in Figure 170.

Figure 170:

CacheCade Drive Group Screen

After you move the selected drives, the Create CacheCade™ Drive Group button isavailable.
5. Click Create CacheCade™ Drive Group.
6. Click Next.

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Use the next screen that appears to select parameters for the cache disk.
7. Enter a name for the CacheCade virtual drive in the CacheCade VD name field andclick Create.
Depending on the number of drives, you might have the option to set the capacityof the CacheCade drive.
The CacheCade drive group icon appears in the menu screen, as shown in
Figure 171.

Figure 171:

CacheCade Drive Group Icon

8. Click Next.
The summary screen appears, as shown in Figure 172. This screen displays the drivegroup name, the number of drives, the total capacity, the free capacity, theCacheCade virtual drive name, and the capacity being used.

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Figure 172:

CacheCade Virtual Drive Summary Screen

9. Click Finish.
A confirmation message displays after the CacheCade virtual drive is successfully
created.
The CacheCade drive icon appears next to the RAID controller in the left frame, as
shown in Figure 173.

Figure 173:

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CacheCade Drive Icon in MegaRAID Storage Manager

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Chapter 11: Using MegaRAID® Advanced Software | FastPath Advanced Software

11.4 FastPath Advanced
Software

MegaRaid SAS Software User Guide

MegaRAID FastPath is a high-performance IO accelerator for Solid State Drive (SSD)
drive groups connected to a MegaRAID controller card. SSDs have a read performanceadvantage over HDDs and use less power. This feature dramatically boosts storage
subsystem bandwidth and overall transactional application performance when usedwith a 6Gb/s MegaRAID SATA+SAS controller.
The FastPath feature supports full optimization of SSD and hard disk drive (HDD) virtual
disk groups to deliver an improvement in read and write IOPS that is three times
greater than MegaRAID controllers not utilizing FastPath technology. Also, the FastPathadvanced software is faster and more cost-effective than current flash-based adapter
card solutions.

11.4.1

Setting FastPath Options

Perform the following steps to use the FastPath advanced software.
1. Select the Logical tab on the main menu screen for the Logical view.
2. Click a virtual drive icon in the left frame.
3. Click Virtual Drive>Set Virtual Drive Properties on the menu bar, as shown in
Figure 174.

Figure 174:

Set Virtual Drive Properties Menu

The Set Virtual Drive Properties screen appears. It shows the default settings for
the FastPath advanced software. The default settings are:— Write Policy: Write Thru
— IO Policy: Direct IO— Read Policy: No Read Ahead— Dish Cache Policy: Enabled
4. Click OK.
A confirmation screen displays.

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5. Click the Confirm checkbox and click Yes to confirm that you want to set the virtual
drive properties.

11.5 LSI SafeStore Encryption
Services

LSI SafeStore Encryption Services offer the ability to encrypt data on drives and use
drive-based key management to provide data security. This solution provides dataprotection in the event of theft or loss of physical drives. If you remove aself-encrypting drive from its storage system or the server it is housed in, the data onthat drive is encrypted and useless to anyone who attempts to access without the theappropriate security authorization.
This section describes how to enable, change, and disable drive security, and how toimport a foreign configuration using the SafeStore Encryption Services advanced
software.

11.5.1

Enabling Drive Security

To enable security on the drives, you need to perform the following actions to set drive
security:Enter a security key identifier.
A security key identifier appears whenever you have to enter a security key. If you
have more than one security key, the identifier helps you determine which security
key to enter.

Enter a security key.
After you create a security key, you have the option to create secure virtual drives
using the key. You have to use the security key to perform certain operations.

You can improve security by entering a password. To provide additonal security, you
can require the password whenever anyone boots the server.
Perform the following steps to enable drive security.
1. Select the Physical View tab in the left panel of the MegaRAID Storage Manager
window, and click a controller icon.
2. Select Go To>Controller>Change Drive Security>Enable.
The Enable Drive Security screen appears as shown in Figure 175.

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Figure 175:

MegaRaid SAS Software User Guide

Enable Drive Security - Security Key Identifier

3. Use the default security key identifier or enter a new security key identifier.
NOTE: If you create more than one security key, make sure that you change the security
key identifier. Otherwise, you cannot differentiate between the security keys.
4. Click Suggest Security Key to have the system create a security key or you canenter a new security key.
5. Enter the new security key again to confirm, as shown in Figure 176.
NOTE: If you forget the security key, you will lose access to your data. Be sure torecord your security key information. You might need to enter the security key toperform certain operations.
The security key is case-sensitive. It must be between 8 and 32 characters andcontain at least one number, one lowercase letter, one uppercase letter, and one
non-alphanumeric character (e.g. < > @ +). The space character is not permitted.
NOTE: Non-US keyboard users must be careful not to enter DBCS characters in the
security key field. Firmware works with the ASCII character set only.
Figure 176 shows the security key entered and confirmed on this screen.

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Figure 176:

Enable Drive Security - Security Key

6. (Optional) Select the Pause for password at boot time check box.
If you choose this option, you have to enter the password whenever you boot theserver.
7. (Optional) Select the Enforce strong password security check box.
If you choose this option, make sure the password is between eight and thirty-two
characters and contain at least one number, one lowercase letter, one uppercase
letter, and one non-alphanumeric character (e.g. < > @ +). The space character is not
permitted. The password is case-sensitive.
8. (Optional) Enter a password in the Password field and then enter the same
password in the Confirm field, as shown in Figure 177.
Warning messages appear if there is a mismatch between the characters entered in
the Password field and the Confirm field, or if there is an invalid character entered.
CAUTION: Be sure to record the password. If you lose the password, you could lose
access to your data.
Figure 177 shows the password entered and confirmed on this screen.

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Figure 177:

MegaRaid SAS Software User Guide

Enable Drive Security - Password

9. Click Next.
The Confirm Enable Drive Security screen appears, as shown in Figure 178, to show
the changes requested to the drive security settings.
CAUTION: If you forget the security key, you will lose access to your data. Be sure
to record your security key. You might need to enter the security key to perform certain
operations.

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Figure 178:

Confirm Create Security Key Screen

10. Click the checkbox I recorded the security settings for future reference and thenclick Yes to confirm that you want to enable drive security on this controller andhave recorded the security settings for future reference.
MSM enables drive security and and returns you to the main menu.
11.5.2 Changing the Drive Security
Settings

Perform the following steps to change the encryption settings for the security key
identifier, security key, and password.
1. Select the Physical View tab in the left panel of the MegaRAID Storage Manager
main menu, and click a controller icon.
2. Select Go To>Controller>Change Drive Security.
The Change Security Settings – Introduction screen appears. This screen lists theactions you can perform, which include editing the security key identifier, security
key, and the password.
3. Click Next.
The Change Security Settings - Security Key ID screen appears.
4. Keep the exisiting security key identifier or enter a new security key identifier.
NOTE: If you change the security key, LSI highly recommendeds that you change thesecurity key identifier. Otherwise, you cannot differentiate between the security keys.
5. Click Next.
The Change Security Settings - Security Key screen appears.
6. Click Use the existing drive security key to use the existing drive security key orenter a new security key and then enter the new security key again to confirm.

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CAUTION: If you forget the security key, you will lose access to your data. Be sure
to record your security key information. You might need to enter the security key toperform certain operations.
The security key is case-sensitive. It must be between 8 and 32 characters andcontain at least one number, one lowercase letter, one uppercase letter, and one
non-alphanumeric character (e.g. < > @ +). The space character is not permitted.
NOTE: Non-US keyboard users must be careful not to enter DBCS characters in the
security key field. Firmware works with the ASCII character set only.
7. Click Next.
The Authenticate Drive Security Settings Screen appears. Authentification isrequired for the changes that you requested to the drive security settings.
8. Enter the current security key to authenticate the changes.
The Change Security Settings - Password screen appears.
9. If you choose to, click the option to use a password in addition to the security key.
10. If you chose to use a password, either enter the existing password or enter a new
password, and enter the password again to confirm.
The text box for the passphrase can hold up to 32 characters. The key must be atleast eight characters.
The next screen that appears describes the changes you made and asks youwhether you want to confirm these changes.
11. Click the checkbox to confirm that you have recorded the security settings for
future reference and then click Yes to confirm that you want to change the drive
security settings.
MSM updates the existing configuration on the controller to use the new security
settings and returns you to the main menu.
11.5.3Disabling Drive Security

NOTE: If you disable drive security, your existing data is not secure and you cannot
create any new secure virtual drives. Disabling drive security does not affect the securityof data on foreign drives. If you removed any drives that were previously secured, you
still need to enter the password when you import them. Otherwise, you cannot accessthe data on those drives.

NOTE: If there are any secure drive groups on the controller, you cannot disable drive
security. A warning screen appears if you attempt to do so. To disable drive security, youmust first delete the virtual drives on all of the secure drive groups.
Perform the following steps to disable drive security.
1. Select the Physical View tab in the left panel of the MegaRAID Storage Manager
main menu, and click a controller icon.

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2. Select Go To>Controller>Disable Drive Security, as shown in Figure 179.

Figure 179:

Disable Drive Security Option

The Confirm Disable Drive Security screen appears.
3. To disable drive security, click Yes.
MSM disables drive security and returns you to the main menu.
NOTE: If you disable drive security, you cannot create any new encrypted virtual drives
and the data on all encrypted unconfigured drives will be erased. Disabling drive
security will not affect the security or data of foreign drives.
11.5.4 Importing or Clearing a
Foreign Configuration

A foreign configuration is a RAID configuration that already exists on a replacement setof drives that you install in a computer system. You can use MSM to import the foreign
configuration to the RAID controller or to clear the foreign configuration so you cancreate a new configuration using these drives.
To import a foreign configuration, you must do the following:Enable security to allow importation of locked foreign configurations. (You canimport unsecured or unlocked configurations when security is disabled.)Run a scan for foreign configurations.



If a locked foreign configuration is present and security is enabled, enter the
security key and unlock the configuration.



Import the foreign configuration.

In addition, if one or more drives are removed from a configuration, by a cable pull or
drive removal for example, the configuration on those drives is considered a foreign
configuration by the RAID controller.

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Verify whether any drives are left to import as the locked drives can use different
security keys. If there are any drives left, repeat the import process for the remaining
drives. After all the drives are imported, there is no configuration to import.
NOTE: When you create a new configuration, MSM shows only the unconfigured drives.
Drives that have existing configurations, including foreign configurations, will notappear. To use drives with existing configurations, you must first clear the configurationon those drives.
Perform the following steps to import or clear a configuration.
1. Enable drive security to allow importation of locked foreign drives. See
Section 11.5.1, Enabling Drive Security for the procedure used to enable drive
security.
2. After you create a security key, right-click the controller icon and click Scan for
Foreign Configuration.
If there are locked drives (security is enabled), the Unlock foreign drives dialog box
appears.
3. Enter the security key to unlock the configuration.
The The Foreign Configuration Detected screen appears, as shown in Figure 180.

Figure 180:

Foreign Configuration Detected Screen

4. Click Import to import the foreign configuration from all of the foreign drives, Clear
to remove the configuration from all foreign drives, or Advanced to preview andimport specific foreign configurations.
5. Click OK.
NOTE: The operation cannot be reversed after it is started. Imported drives display as
Online in the MegaRAID Storage Manager menu.
6. Repeat the import process for any remaining drives.

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Because locked drive can use different security key, you must verify whether there
are any remaining drives to imported.
NOTE: When you create a new configuration, MSM shows only the unconfigured drives.
Drives that have existing configurations, including foreign configurations, will notappear. To use drives with existing configurations, you must first clear the configurationon those drives.
11.5.4.1 Foreign Configurations
in Cable Pull and Drive Removal
Scenarios

If one or more drives are removed from a configuration, by a cable pull or drive
removal, for example, the configuration on those drives is considered a foreign
configuration by the RAID controller.
The following scenarios can occur with cable pulls or drive removals. Use the Foreign
Configuration Preview screen to import or clear the foreign configuration in eachcase.
NOTE: If you want to import the foreign configuration in any of the following scenarios,
you should have all of the drives in the enclosure before you perform the import
operation.


Scenario #1: If all of the drives in a configuration are removed and re-inserted, thecontroller considers the drives to have foreign configurations.
Import or clear the foreign configuration. If you select Import, automatic rebuilds
will occur in redundant virtual drives.

NOTE: Start a consistency check immediately after the rebuild is complete to ensure
data integrity for the virtual drives.
See Section 10.2, Running a Consistency Check for more information about checking dataconsistency.
Scenario #2: If some of the drives in a configuration are removed and re-inserted,the controller considers the drives to have foreign configurations.
Import or clear the foreign configuration. If you select Import, automatic rebuilds
will occur in redundant virtual drives.

NOTE: Start a consistency check immediately after the rebuild is complete to ensure
data integrity for the virtual drives.
See Section 10.2, Running a Consistency Check for more information about checking dataconsistency.
Scenario #3: If all of the drives in a virtual drive are removed, but at different times,
and re-inserted, the controller considers the drives to have foreign configurations.
Import or clear the foreign configuration. If you select Import, all drives that were
pulled before the virtual drive became offline will be imported and thenautomatically rebuilt. Automatic rebuilds will occur in redundant virtual drives.

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

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Scenario #4: If the drives in a non-redundant virtual drive are removed, thecontroller considers the drives to have foreign configurations.
Import or clear the foreign configuration. No rebuilds will occur after the import
operation because there is no redundant data to rebuild the drives.

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Appendix A: Events and Messages | Error Levels

MegaRaid SAS Software User Guide

Appendix A
Events and Messages
This appendix lists the MegaRAID Storage Manager events that can appear in the event
log.
MegaRAID Storage Manager software monitors the activity and performance of allcontrollers in the workstation and the devices attached to them. When an event occurs,such as the start of an initialization, an event message appears in the log at the bottomof the MegaRAID Storage Manager window.

A.1

Error Levels

Each message that appears in the event log has an error level that indicates the severityof the event, as shown in Table 124.
Table 124: Event Error Levels
Error Level

A.2

Event Messages

Meaning

Information

Informational message. No user action is necessary.

Warning

Some component might be close to a failure point.

CriticalA component has failed, but the system has not lost data.

Fatal

A component has failed, and data loss has occurred or will occur.

Table 125 lists all of the MegaRAID Storage Manager event messages. The event
message descriptions include placeholders for specific values that are determinedwhen the event is generated. For example, in message No. 1 in the Event Messages
table, “%s” is replaced by the firmware version, which is read from the firmware whenthe event is generated.
Table 125: Event Messages
NumberLSI Corporation Confidential | June 2010

Type

Event Text

0x0000Information

MegaRAID firmware initialization started (PCI ID%04x/%04x/%04x/%04x)0x0001

Information

MegaRAID firmware version %s

0x0002

Fatal

Unable to recover cache data from TBBU

0x0003

Information

Cache data recovered from TBBU successfully

0x0004

Information

Configuration cleared

0x0005Warning

Cluster down; communication with peer lost

0x0006

Information

Virtual drive %s ownership changed from %02x to %02x0x0007

Information

Alarm disabled by user

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Table 125: Event Messages (Continued)
NumberPage 306

Type

Event Text

0x0008

Information

Alarm enabled by user

0x0009

Information

Background initialization rate changed to %d%%0x000aFatal

Controller cache discarded due to memory/battery problems

0x000b

Fatal

Unable to recover cache data due to configuration mismatch

0x000cInformation

Cache data recovered successfully

0x000dFatal

Controller cache discarded due to firmware version
incompatibility

0x000eInformation

Consistency Check rate changed to %d%%0x000f

Fatal

Fatal firmware error: %s

0x0010Information

Factory defaults restored

0x0011

Information

Flash downloaded image corrupt

0x0012

CriticalFlash erase error

0x0013

CriticalFlash timeout during erase

0x0014

CriticalFlash error

0x0015

Information

Flashing image: %s

0x0016

Information

Flash of new firmware image(s) complete

0x0017

CriticalFlash programming error

0x0018

CriticalFlash timeout during programming

0x0019CriticalFlash chip type unknown

0x001aCriticalFlash command set unknown

0x001b

CriticalFlash verify failure

0x001cInformation

Flush rate changed to %d seconds

0x001dInformation

Hibernate command received from host0x001eInformation

Event log cleared

0x001fInformation

Event log wrapped

0x0020

Fatal

Multi-bit ECC error: ECAR=%x, ELOG=%x, (%s)

0x0021

Warning

Single-bit ECC error: ECAR=%x, ELOG=%x, (%s)

0x0022Fatal

Not enough controller memory

0x0023

Information

Patrol Read complete

0x0024

Information

Patrol Read paused

0x0025

Information

Patrol Read Rate changed to %d%%0x0026

Information

Patrol Read resumed

0x0027

Information

Patrol Read started

0x0028

Information

Rebuild rate changed to %d%%0x0029

Information

Drive group modification rate changed to %d%%0x002aInformation

Shutdown command received from host

0x002bInformation

Test event: %s

0x002cInformation

Time established as %s; (%d seconds since power on)

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Table 125: Event Messages (Continued)
NumberLSI Corporation Confidential | June 2010

Type

Event Text

0x002dInformation

User entered firmware debugger

0x002eWarning

Background Initialization aborted on %s

0x002fWarning

Background Initialization corrected medium error (%s at %lx

0x0030Information

Background Initialization completed on %s

0x0031

Fatal

Background Initialization completed with uncorrectableerrors on %s

0x0032

Fatal

Background Initialization detected uncorrectable double
medium errors (%s at %lx on %s)

0x0033

CriticalBackground Initialization failed on %s

0x0034Progress

Background Initialization progress on %s is %s

0x0035

Information

Background Initialization started on %s

0x0036

Information

Policy change on %s from %s to %s

0x0038Warning

Consistency Check aborted on %s

0x0039Warning

Consistency Check corrected medium error (%s at %lx

0x003aInformation

Consistency Check done on %s

0x003bInformation

Consistency Check done with corrections on %s

0x003c

Fatal

Consistency Check detected uncorrectable double medium
errors (%s at %lx on %s)

0x003dCritical

Consistency Check failed on %s

0x003eFatal

Consistency Check completed with uncorrectable data on %s

0x003fWarning

Consistency Check found inconsistent parity on %s at strip%lx

0x0040Warning

Consistency Check inconsistency logging disabled on %s (toomany inconsistencies)

0x0041

Progress

Consistency Check progress on %s is %s

0x0042

Information

Consistency Check started on %s

0x0043Warning

Initialization aborted on %s

0x0044

CriticalInitialization failed on %s

0x0045Progress

Initialization progress on %s is %s

0x0046

Information

Fast initialization started on %s

0x0047

Information

Full initialization started on %s

0x0048

Information

Initialization complete on %s

0x0049

Information

LD Properties updated to %s (from %s)

0x004aInformation

Drive group modification complete on %s

0x004b

Fatal

Drive group modification of %s stopped due to unrecoverable
errors

0x004cFatal

Reconstruct detected uncorrectable double medium errors(%s at %lx on %s at %lx)

0x004dProgress

Drive group modification progress on %s is %s

0x004eInformation

Drive group modification resumed on %s

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Table 125: Event Messages (Continued)
NumberPage 308

Type

Event Text

0x004f

Fatal

Drive group modification resume of %s failed due toconfiguration mismatch

0x0050Information

Modifying drive group started on %s

0x0051

Information

State change on %s from %s to %s

0x0052

Information

Drive Clear aborted on %s

0x0053

CriticalDrive Clear failed on %s (Error %02x)

0x0054Progress

Drive Clear progress on %s is %s

0x0055

Information

Drive Clear started on %s

0x0056

Information

Drive Clear completed on %s

0x0057Warning

Error on %s (Error %02x)

0x0058

Information

Format complete on %s

0x0059

Information

Format started on %s

0x005aCriticalHot Spare SMART polling failed on %s (Error %02x)

0x005bInformation

Drive inserted: %s

0x005cWarning

Drive %s is not supported

0x005dWarning

Patrol Read corrected medium error on %s at %lx

0x005eProgress

Patrol Read progress on %s is %s

0x005f

Fatal

Patrol Read found an uncorrectable medium error on %s at%lx

0x0060

Critical

Predictive failure: CDB: %s

0x0061

Fatal

Patrol Read puncturing bad block on %s at %lx

0x0062

Information

Rebuild aborted by user on %s

0x0063

Information

Rebuild complete on %s

0x0064

Information

Rebuild complete on %s

0x0065

CriticalRebuild failed on %s due to source drive error

0x0066

CriticalRebuild failed on %s due to target drive error

0x0067

Progress

Rebuild progress on %s is %s

0x0068

Information

Rebuild resumed on %s

0x0069

Information

Rebuild started on %s

0x006aInformation

Rebuild automatically started on %s

0x006b

CriticalRebuild stopped on %s due to loss of cluster ownership

0x006c

Fatal

Reassign write operation failed on %s at %lx

0x006dFatal

Unrecoverable medium error during rebuild on %s at %lx

0x006eInformation

Corrected medium error during recovery on %s at %lx

0x006fFatal

Unrecoverable medium error during recovery on %s at %lx

0x0070Information

Drive removed: %s

0x0071

Warning

Unexpected sense: %s, CDB%s, Sense: %s

0x0072

Information

State change on %s from %s to %s

0x0073

Information

State change by user on %s from %s to %s

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Table 125: Event Messages (Continued)
NumberLSI Corporation Confidential | June 2010

Type

Event Text

0x0074

Warning

Redundant path to %s broken

0x0075

Information

Redundant path to %s restored

0x0076

Information

Dedicated Hot Spare Drive %s no longer useful due to deleted
drive group

0x0077

CriticalSAS topology error: Loop detected

0x0078

CriticalSAS topology error: Unaddressable device

0x0079CriticalSAS topology error: Multiple ports to the same SAS address

0x007aCriticalSAS topology error: Expander error

0x007b

CriticalSAS topology error: SMP timeout

0x007cCriticalSAS topology error: Out of route entries

0x007dCriticalSAS topology error: Index not found

0x007eCriticalSAS topology error: SMP function failed

0x007fCriticalSAS topology error: SMP CRC error

0x0080

CriticalSAS topology error: Multiple subtractive

0x0081

CriticalSAS topology error: Table to table

0x0082

CriticalSAS topology error: Multiple paths

0x0083

Fatal

Unable to access device %s

0x0084

Information

Dedicated Hot Spare created on %s (%s)

0x0085

Information

Dedicated Hot Spare %s disabled

0x0086

Critical

Dedicated Hot Spare %s no longer useful for all drive groups

0x0087

Information

Global Hot Spare created on %s (%s)

0x0088

Information

Global Hot Spare %s disabled

0x0089CriticalGlobal Hot Spare does not cover all drive groups

0x008aInformation

Created %s}

0x008bInformation

Deleted %s}

0x008cInformation

Marking LD %s inconsistent due to active writes at shutdown

0x008dInformation

Battery Present

0x008eWarning

Battery Not Present

0x008fInformation

New Battery Detected

0x0090Information

Battery has been replaced

0x0091

CriticalBattery temperature is high0x0092

Warning

Battery voltage low

0x0093

Information

Battery started charging

0x0094

Information

Battery is discharging

0x0095

Information

Battery temperature is normal

0x0096

Fatal

Battery needs to be replacement, SOH Bad

0x0097

Information

Battery relearn started

0x0098

Information

Battery relearn in progress

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Table 125: Event Messages (Continued)
NumberPage 310

Type

Event Text

0x0099

Information

Battery relearn completed

0x009aCriticalBattery relearn timed out

0x009bInformation

Battery relearn pending: Battery is under charge

0x009cInformation

Battery relearn postponed

0x009dInformation

Battery relearn will start in 4 days

0x009eInformation

Battery relearn will start in 2 day

0x009fInformation

Battery relearn will start in 1 day

0x00a0Information

Battery relearn will start in 5 hours

0x00a1

Information

Battery removed

0x00a2

Information

Current capacity of the battery is below threshold

0x00a3

Information

Current capacity of the battery is above threshold

0x00a4

Information

Enclosure (SES) discovered on %s

0x00a5

Information

Enclosure (SAFTE) discovered on %s

0x00a6

Critical

Enclosure %s communication lost

0x00a7

Information

Enclosure %s communication restored

0x00a8

Critical

Enclosure %s fan %d failed

0x00a9

Information

Enclosure %s fan %d inserted

0x00aaCritical

Enclosure %s fan %d removed

0x00ab

Critical

Enclosure %s power supply %d failed

0x00acInformation

Enclosure %s power supply %d inserted

0x00adCritical

Enclosure %s power supply %d removed

0x00aeCritical

Enclosure %s SIM %d failed

0x00afInformation

Enclosure %s SIM %d inserted

0x00b0

Critical

Enclosure %s SIM %d removed

0x00b1

Warning

Enclosure %s temperature sensor %d below warning
threshold

0x00b2

Critical

Enclosure %s temperature sensor %d below error threshold

0x00b3Warning

Enclosure %s temperature sensor %d above warning
threshold

0x00b4

Critical

Enclosure %s temperature sensor %d above error threshold

0x00b5

Critical

Enclosure %s shutdown

0x00b6

Warning

Enclosure %s not supported; too many enclosures connected
to port0x00b7

Critical

Enclosure %s firmware mismatch

0x00b8Warning

Enclosure %s sensor %d bad

0x00b9Critical

Enclosure %s phy %d bad

0x00baCritical

Enclosure %s is unstable

0x00bb

Critical

Enclosure %s hardware error

0x00bcCritical

Enclosure %s not responding

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Table 125: Event Messages (Continued)
NumberLSI Corporation Confidential | June 2010

Type

Event Text

0x00bdInformation

SAS/SATA mixing not supported in enclosure; Drive %s
disabled

0x00beInformation

Enclosure (SES) hotplug on %s was detected, but is notsupported

0x00bfInformation

Clustering enabled

0x00c0Information

Clustering disabled

0x00c1

Information

Drive too small to be used for auto-rebuild on %s

0x00c2

Information

BBU enabled; changing WT virtual drives to WB

0x00c3Warning

BBU disabled; changing WB virtual drives to WT

0x00c4

Warning

Bad block table on drive %s is 80% full

0x00c5Fatal

Bad block table on drive %s is full; unable to log block %lx

0x00c6

Information

Consistency Check Aborted due to ownership loss on %s

0x00c7

Information

Background Initialization (BGI) Aborted Due to Ownership
Loss on %s

0x00c8

CriticalBattery/charger problems detected; SOH Bad

0x00c9Warning

Single-bit ECC error: ECAR=%x, ELOG=%x, (%s); warning
threshold exceeded

0x00caCriticalSingle-bit ECC error: ECAR=%x, ELOG=%x, (%s); criticalthreshold exceeded

0x00cb

CriticalSingle-bit ECC error: ECAR=%x, ELOG=%x, (%s); further
reporting disabled

0x00ccCritical

Enclosure %s Power supply %d switched off

0x00cdInformation

Enclosure %s Power supply %d switched on

0x00ceCritical

Enclosure %s Power supply %d cable removed

0x00cfInformation

Enclosure %s Power supply %d cable inserted

0x00d0Information

Enclosure %s Fan %d returned to normal

0x00d1

Information

BBU Retention test was initiated on previous boot

0x00d2

Information

BBU Retention test passed

0x00d3

CriticalBBU Retention test failed!

0x00d4

Information

NVRAM Retention test was initiated on previous boot

0x00d5

Information

NVRAM Retention test passed

0x00d6

Critical

NVRAM Retention test failed!

0x00d7

Information%s test completed %d passes successfully

0x00d8

Critical%s test FAILED on %d pass. Fail data: errorOffset=%x
goodData=%x badData=%x0x00d9

Information

Self check diagnostics completed

0x00daInformation

Foreign Configuration detected

0x00dbInformation

Foreign Configuration imported

0x00dcInformation

Foreign Configuration cleared

0x00ddWarning

NVRAM is corrupt; reinitializing

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Table 125: Event Messages (Continued)
NumberPage 312

Type

Event Text

0x00deWarning

NVRAM mismatch occurred

0x00dfWarning

SAS wide port %d lost link on PHY %d

0x00e0Information

SAS wide port %d restored link on PHY %d

0x00e1

Warning

SAS port %d, PHY %d has exceeded the allowed error rate

0x00e2

Warning

Bad block reassigned on %s at %lx to %lx

0x00e3

Information

Controller Hot Plug detected

0x00e4

Warning

Enclosure %s temperature sensor %d differential detected

0x00e5

Information

Drive test cannot start. No qualifying drives found

0x00e6

Information

Time duration provided by host is not sufficient for self check0x00e7

Information

Marked Missing for %s on drive group %d row %d0x00e8

Information

Replaced Missing as %s on drive group %d row %d0x00e9

Information

Enclosure %s Temperature %d returned to normal

0x00eaInformation

Enclosure %s Firmware download in progress

0x00ebWarning

Enclosure %s Firmware download failed

0x00ecWarning%s is not a certified drive

0x00edInformation

Dirty cache data discarded by user

0x00eeInformation

Drives missing from configuration at boot0x00efInformation

Virtual drives (VDs) missing drives and will go offline at boot:%s

0x00f0Information

VDs missing at boot: %s

0x00f1

Information

Previous configuration completely missing at boot

0x00f2

Information

Battery charge complete

0x00f3

Information

Enclosure %s fan %d speed changed

0x00f4

Information

Dedicated spare %s imported as global due to missing arrays

0x00f5

Information%s rebuild not possible as SAS/SATA is not supported in anarray

0x00f6

Information

SEP %s has been rebooted as a part of enclosure firmware
download. SEP will be unavailable until this processcompletes.

0x00f7

Information

Inserted PD: %s Info: %s

0x00f8

Information

Removed PD: %s Info: %s

0x00f9

Information

VD %s is now OPTIMAL

0x00faWarning

VD %s is now PARTIALLY DEGRADED

0x00fb

Critical

VD %s is now DEGRADED

0x00fcFatal

VD %s is now OFFLINE

0x00fdWarning

Battery requires reconditioning; please initiate a LEARN cycle

0x00feWarning

VD %s disabled because RAID-5 is not supported by this RAID
key

0x00ffWarning

VD %s disabled because RAID-6 is not supported by thiscontroller

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Table 125: Event Messages (Continued)
NumberLSI Corporation Confidential | June 2010

Type

Event Text

0x0100Warning

VD %s disabled because SAS drives are not supported by thisRAID key

0x0101

Warning

PD missing: %s

0x0102

Warning

Puncturing of LBAs enabled

0x0103Warning

Puncturing of LBAs disabled

0x0104

Critical

Enclosure %s EMM %d not installed

0x0105

Information

Package version %s

0x0106

WarningGlobal affinity Hot Spare %s commissioned in a different
enclosure

0x0107Warning

Foreign configuration table overflow

0x0108Warning

Partial foreign configuration imported, PDs not imported:%s0x0109

Information

Connector %s is active

0x010aInformation

Board Revision %s

0x010bWarning

Command timeout on PD %s, CDB:%s0x010cWarning

PD %s reset (Type %02x)

0x010dWarning

VD bad block table on %s is 80% full

0x010eFatal

VD bad block table on %s is full; unable to log block %lx (on%s at %lx)

0x010f

Fatal

Uncorrectable medium error logged for %s at %lx (on %s at%lx)

0x0110Information

VD medium error corrected on %s at %lx

0x0111

Warning

Bad block table on PD %s is 100% full

0x0112

Warning

VD bad block table on PD %s is 100% full

0x0113

Fatal

Controller needs replacement, IOP is faulty

0x0114

Information

CopyBack started on PD %s from PD %s

0x0115

Information

CopyBack aborted on PD %s and src is PD %s

0x0116

Information

CopyBack complete on PD %s from PD %s

0x0117

Progress

CopyBack progress on PD %s is %s

0x0118

Information

CopyBack resumed on PD %s from %s

0x0119

Information

CopyBack automatically started on PD %s from %s

0x011aCriticalCopyBack failed on PD %s due to source %s error

0x011bWarning

Early Power off warning was unsuccessful

0x011cInformation

BBU FRU is %s

0x011dInformation%s FRU is %s

0x011eInformation

Controller hardware revision ID %s

0x011fWarning

Foreign import shall result in a backward incompatible
upgrade of configuration metadata

0x0120Information

Redundant path restored for PD %s

0x0121

Warning

Redundant path broken for PD %s

0x0122

Information

Redundant enclosure EMM %s inserted for EMM %s

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Table 125: Event Messages (Continued)
NumberPage 314

Type

Event Text

0x0123

Information

Redundant enclosure EMM %s removed for EMM %s

0x0124

Warning

Patrol Read can't be started, as PDs are either not ONLINE, or
are in a VD with an active process, or are in an excluded VD

0x0125

Information

Copyback aborted by user on PD %s and src is PD %s

0x0126

CriticalCopyback aborted on hot spare %s from %s, as hot spareneeded for rebuild

0x0127Warning

Copyback aborted on PD %s from PD %s, as rebuild requiredin the array0x0128

Fatal

Controller cache discarded for missing or offline VD %s
When a VD with cached data goes offline or missing duringruntime, the cache for the VD is discarded. Because the VD is
offline, the cache cannot be saved.

0x0129

Information

Copyback cannot be started as PD %s is too small for src PD%s0x012aInformation

Copyback cannot be started on PD %s from PD %s, as
SAS/SATA is not supported in an array0x012bInformation

Microcode update started on PD %s

0x012cInformation

Microcode update completed on PD %s

0x012dWarning

Microcode update timeout on PD %s

0x012eWarning

Microcode update failed on PD %s

0x012fInformation

Controller properties changed

0x0130Information

Patrol Read properties changed

0x0131

Information

CC Schedule properties changed

0x0132

Information

Battery properties changed

0x0133Warning

Periodic Battery Relearn is pending. Please initiate manual
learn cycle as Automatic learn is not enabled

0x0134

Information

Drive security key created

0x0135

Information

Drive security key backed up

0x0136

Information

Drive security key from escrow, verified

0x0137

Information

Drive security key changed

0x0138Warning

Drive security key, re-key operation failed

0x0139Warning

Drive security key is invalid

0x013aInformation

Drive security key destroyed

0x013bWarning

Drive security key from escrow is invalid

0x013cInformation

VD %s is now secured

0x013dWarning

VD %s is partially secured

0x013eInformation

PD %s security activated

0x013fInformation

PD %s security disabled

0x0140Information

PD %s is reprovisioned

0x0141

Information

PD %s security key changed

0x0142

Fatal

Security subsystem problems detected for PD %s

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Table 125: Event Messages (Continued)
NumberLSI Corporation Confidential | June 2010

Type

Event Text

0x0143

Fatal

Controller cache pinned for missing or offline VD %s

0x0144

Fatal

Controller cache pinned for missing or offline VDs: %s

0x0145

Information

Controller cache discarded by user for VDs: %s

0x0146

Information

Controller cache destaged for VD %s

0x0147Warning

Consistency Check started on an inconsistent VD %s

0x0148Warning

Drive security key failure, cannot access secured
configuration

0x0149Warning

Drive security password from user is invalid

0x014aWarning

Detected error with the remote battery connector cable

0x014bInformation

Power state change on PD %s from %s to %s

0x014cInformation

Enclosure %s element (SES code 0x%x) status changed

0x014dInformation

PD %s rebuild not possible as HDD/SSD mix is not supported
in a drive group0x014eInformation

Copyback cannot be started on PD %s from %s, as HDD/SSD
mix is not supported in a drive group0x014fInformation

VD bad block table on %s is cleared

0x0150CautionSAS topology error: 0x%lx

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Appendix B: MegaCLI Error Messages | Error Messages and Descriptions

MegaRaid SAS Software User Guide

Appendix B
MegaCLI Error Messages
This appendix lists the MegaCLI error messages.
The MegaCLI Configuration Utility is a command line interface application you can use
to manage MegaRAID SAS RAID controllers. See Chapter 5 for more information about
the MegaCLI utility and commands.

B.1
Error Messages and
Descriptions

Each message that appears in the event log has an error level that indicates the severityof the event, as shown in Table 126.
Table 126: Error Messages and Descriptions
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Event Text

0x00

Command completed successfully

0x01

Invalid command

0x02

DCMD opcode is invalid

0x03

Input parameters are invalid

0x04

Invalid sequence number

0x05

Abort isn't possible for the requested command

0x06

Application 'host' code not found

0x07

Application already in use - try later

0x08

Application not initialized

0x09

Given array index is invalid

0x0aUnable to add missing drive to array, as row has no empty
slots

0x0b

Some of the CFG resources conflict with each other or thecurrent config

0x0c

Invalid device ID / select-timeout

0x0d

Drive is too small for requested operation

0x0e

Flash memory allocation failed

0x0fFlash download already in progress

0x10Flash operation failed

0x11Flash image was bad

0x12

Downloaded flash image is incomplete

0x13Flash OPEN was not done

0x14Flash sequence is not active

0x15

Flush command failed

0x16

Specified application doesn't have host-resident code

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Table 126: Error Messages and Descriptions (Continued)
NumberPage 318

Event Text

0x17

LD operation not possibe - CC is in progress

0x18

LD initialization in progress

0x19

LBA is out of range

0x1a

Maximum LDs are already configured

0x1b

LD is not OPTIMAL

0x1c

LD Rebuild is in progress

0x1d

LD is undergoing reconstruction

0x1e

LD RAID level is wrong for requested operation

0x1f

Too many spares assigned

0x20

Scratch memory not available - try command again later

0x21

Error writing MFC data to SEEPROM

0x22

Required HW is missing (i.e. Alarm or BBU)

0x23

Item not found

0x24

LD drives are not within an enclosure

0x25

PD CLEAR operation is in progress

0x26

Unable to use SATA(SAS) drive to replace SAS(SATA)

0x27

Patrol Read is disabled

0x28

Given row index is invalid

0x2d

SCSI command done, but non-GOOD status was received-see
mf.hdr.extStatus for SCSI_STATUS

0x2e

IO request for MFI_CMD_OP_PD_SCSI failed - see extStatus
for DM error

0x2f

Matches SCSI RESERVATION_CONFLICT

0x30

One or more of the flush operations failed

0x31

FW real-time currently not set

0x32

Command issues while FW in wrong state (i.e. GET RECON
when op not active)

0x33

LD is not OFFLINE - IO not possible

0x34

Peer controller rejected request (possibly due to resource
conflict)

0x35

Unable to inform peer of communication changes (retry
might be appropriate)

0x36

LD reservation already in progress

0x37

I2C errors were detected

0x38

PCI errors occurred during XOR/DMA operation

0x39

Diagnostics failed - see event log for details

0x3a

Unable to process command as boot messages are pending

0x3b

Returned in case if foreign configurations are imcomplete

0x3d

Returned in case if a command is tried on unsupported
hardware

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Appendix B: MegaCLI Error Messages | Error Messages and Descriptions

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Table 126: Error Messages and Descriptions (Continued)
NumberLSI Corporation Confidential | June 2010

Event Text

0x3e

CC scheduling is disabled

0x3f

PD CopyBack operation is in progress

0x40

Selected more than one PD per array

0x41

Microcode update operation failed

0x42

Unable to process command as drive security feature is notenabled

0x43

Controller already has a lock key

0x44

Lock key cannot be backed-up

0x45

Lock key backup cannot be verified

0x46

Lock key from backup failed verification

0x47

Rekey operation not allowed, unless controller already has alock key

0x48

Lock key is not valid, cannot authenticate

0x49

Lock key from escrow cannot be used

0x4a

Lock key backup (pass-phrase) is required

0x4b

Secure LD exist

0x4c

LD secure operation is not allowed

0x4d

Reprovisioning is not allowed

0x4e

Drive security type (FDE or non-FDE) is not appropriate forrequested operation

0x4f

LD encryption type is not supported

0x50

Cannot mix FDE and non-FDE drives in same array

0x51

Cannot mix secure and unsecured LD in same array

0x52

Secret key not allowed

0x53

Physical device errors were detected

0x54

Controller has LD cache pinned

0x55

Requested operation is already in progress

0x56

Another power state set operation is in progress

0x57

Power state of device is not correct

0x58

No PD is available for patrol read

0x59

Controller resert is required

0x5a

No EKM boot agent detected

0x5b

No space on the snapshot repositiry VD

0x5c

For consistency SET PiTs, some PiT creations might fail andsome succeed

0xFF

Invalid status - used for polling command completion

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Appendix C: Glossary |MegaRaid SAS Software User Guide

Appendix C
Glossary
This appendix provides a glossary for terms used in this document.
access policy

A virtual drive property indicating what kind of access is allowed for a particular virtual
drive. The possible values are Read/Write, Read Only, or Blocked.

alarm enabled

A controller property that indicates whether the controller’s onboard alarm is enabled.

alarm present

A controller property that indicates whether the controller has an onboard alarm. If
present and enabled, the alarm is sounded for certain error conditions.

array

See drive group.

BBU present

A controller property that indicates whether the controller has an onboard battery
backup unit to provide power in case of a power failure.

BGI rate

A controller property indicating the rate at which the background initialization ofvirtual drives will be carried out.

BIOS

Basic Input/Output System. The computer BIOS is stored on a flash memory chip. The
BIOS controls communications between the microprocessor and peripheral devices,such as the keyboard and the video controller, and miscellaneous functions, such assystem messages.

cache

Fast memory that holds recently accessed data. Use of cache memory speeds
subsequent access to the same data. When data is read from or written to main
memory, a copy is also saved in cache memory with the associated main memory
address. The cache memory software monitors the addresses of subsequent reads tosee if the required data is already stored in cache memory. If it is already in cachememory (a cache hit), it is read from cache memory immediately and the main memory
read is aborted (or not started). If the data is not cached (a cache miss), it is fetchedfrom main memory and saved in cache memory.

cache flush interval

A controller property that indicates how often the data cache is flushed.

caching

The process of using a high speed memory buffer to speed up a computer system’s
overall read/write performance. The cache can be accessed at a higher speed than adrive subsystem. To improve read performance, the cache usually contains the mostrecently accessed data, as well as data from adjacent drive sectors. To improve write
performance, the cache can temporarily store data in accordance with its write backpolicies.

capacity

A property that indicates the amount of storage space on a drive or virtual drive.

coerced capacity

A drive property indicating the capacity to which a drive has been coerced (forced) tomake it compatible with other drives that are nominally the same capacity. For
example, a 4-GB drive from one manufacturer might be 4,196 MB, and a 4-GB fromanother manufacturer might be 4,128 MB. These drives could be coerced to a usable
capacity of 4,088 MB each for use in a drive group in a storage configuration.

coercion mode

A controller property indicating the capacity to which drives of nominally identical
capacity are coerced (forced) to make them usable in a storage configuration.

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consistency checkconsistency check rate

An operation that verifies that all stripes in a virtual drive with a redundant RAID levelare consistent and that automatically fixes any errors. For RAID 1 drive groups, thisoperation verifies correct mirrored data for each stripe.
The rate at which consistency check operations are run on a computer system.

controller

A chip that controls the transfer of data between the microprocessor and memory or
between the microprocessor and a peripheral device such as a drive. RAID controllers
perform RAID functions such as striping and mirroring to provide data protection.
MegaRAID Storage Manager software runs on LSI SAS controllers.

copyback

The procedure used to copy data from a source drive of a virtual drive to a destination
drive that is not a part of the virtual drive. The copyback operation is often used tocreate or restore a specific physical configuration for a drive group (for example, a
specific arrangement of drive group members on the device I/O buses). The copyback
operation can be run automatically or manually.
Typically, a drive fails or is expected to fail, and the data is rebuilt on a hot spare. The
failed drive is replaced with a new drive. Then the data is copied from the hot spare to
the new drive, and the hot spare reverts from a rebuild drive to its original hot sparestatus. The copyback operation runs as a background activity, and the virtual drive is
still available online to the host.

current write policy

default write policy

device ID

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A virtual drive property that indicates whether the virtual drive currently supports
Write Back mode or Write Through mode.
In Write Back mode the controller sends a data transfer completion signal to thehost when the controller cache has received all of the data in a transaction.

In Write Through mode the controller sends a data transfer completion signal to thehost when the drive subsystem has received all of the data in a transaction.

A virtual drive property indicating whether the default write policy is Write Through orWrite Back. In Write Back mode the controller sends a data transfer completion signal tothe host when the controller cache has received all of the data in a transaction. In Write
Through mode the controller sends a data transfer completion signal to the host when
the drive subsystem has received all of the data in a transaction.
A controller or drive property indicating the manufacturer-assigned device ID.

device port countA controller property indicating the number of ports on the controller.

drive cache policy

A virtual drive property indicating whether the virtual drive cache is enabled, disabled,or unchanged from its previous setting.

drive group

A group of drives attached to a RAID controller on which one or more virtual drives canbe created. All virtual drives in the drive group use all of the drives in the drive group.

drive state

A drive property indicating the status of the drive. A drive can be in one of thefollowing states:Unconfigured Good: A drive accessible to the RAID controller but not configured asa part of a virtual drive or as a hot spare.

Hot Spare: A drive that is configured as a hot spare.



Online: A drive that can be accessed by the RAID controller and will be part of thevirtual drive.

Rebuild: A drive to which data is being written to restore full redundancy for a
virtual drive.



Failed: A drive that was originally configured as Online or Hot Spare, but on which
the firmware detects an unrecoverable error.

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Appendix C: Glossary |MegaRaid SAS Software User Guide

drive subsystem

drive type

Unconfigured Bad: A drive on which the firmware detects an unrecoverable error;
the drive was Unconfigured Good or the drive could not be initialized.



Missing: A drive that was Online, but which has been removed from its location.



Offline: A drive that is part of a virtual drive but which has invalid data as far as the
RAID configuration is concerned.

None: A drive with an unsupported flag set. An Unconfigured Good or Offline drivethat has completed the prepare for removal operation.

A collection of drives and the hardware that controls them and connects them to one
or more controllers. The hardware can include an intelligent controller, or the drives can
attach directly to a system I/O bus controller.
A drive property indicating the characteristics of the drive.

fast initialization

A mode of initialization that quickly writes zeroes to the first and last sectors of thevirtual drive. This allows you to immediately start writing data to the virtual drive while
the initialization is running in the background.

fault tolerance

The capability of the drive subsystem to undergo a single drive failure per drive group
without compromising data integrity and processing capability. LSI SAS RAID
controllers provides fault tolerance through redundant drive groups in RAID levels 1, 5,
6, 10, 50, and 60. They also support hot spare drives and the auto-rebuild feature.

firmware

Software stored in read-only memory (ROM) or programmable ROM (PROM). Firmware
is often responsible for the behavior of a system when it is first turned on. A typicalexample would be a monitor program in a system that loads the full operating systemfrom drive or from a network and then passes control to the operating system.

foreign configuration

A RAID configuration that already exists on a replacement set of drives that you installin a computer system. MegaRAID Storage Manager software allows you to import theexisting configuration to the RAID controller, or you can clear the configuration so you
can create a new one.

formatting

The process of writing a specific value to all data fields on a drive, to map out
unreadable or bad sectors. Because most drives are formatted when manufactured,
formatting is usually done only if a drive generates many media errors.

hole

In MegaRAID Storage Manager, a hole is a block of empty space in a drive group thatcan be used to define a virtual drive.

host interface

A controller property indicating the type of interface used by the computer hostsystem: for example, PCIX.

host port countA controller property indicating the number of host data ports currently in use.

host system

Any computer system on which the controller is installed. Mainframes, workstations,and standalone desktop systems can all be considered host systems.

hot spare

A standby drive that can automatically replace a failed drive in a virtual drive andprevent data from being lost. A hot spare can be dedicated to a single redundant drivegroup or it can be part of the global hot spare pool for all drive groups controlled by thecontroller.
When a drive fails, MegaRAID Storage Manager software automatically uses a hot spareto replace it and then rebuilds the data from the failed drive to the hot spare. Hot
spares can be used in RAID 1, 5, 6, 10, 50, and 60 storage configurations.

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initialization

The process of writing zeros to the data fields of a virtual drive and, in fault-tolerant
RAID levels, generating the corresponding parity to put the virtual drive in a Readystate. Initialization erases all previous data on the drives. Drive groups will work without
initializing, but they can fail a consistency check because the parity fields have notbeen generated.

IO policy

A virtual drive property indicating whether Cached I/O or Direct I/O is being used. In
Cached I/O mode, all reads are buffered in cache memory. In Direct I/O mode, reads are
not buffered in cache memory. Data is transferred to cache and the host concurrently. If
the same data block is read again, it comes from cache memory. (The IO Policy applies
to reads on a specific virtual drive. It does not affect the read ahead cache.)learning cycle

A battery calibration operation performed by a RAID controller periodically todetermine the condition of the battery.

load-balancing

A method of spreading work between two or more computers, network links, CPUs,
drives, or other resources. Load balancing is used to maximize resource use,throughput, or response time.

media error countA drive property indicating the number of errors that have been detected on the drive
media.

migration

The process of moving virtual drives and hot spare drives from one controller toanother by disconnecting the drives from one controller and attaching them toanother one. The firmware on the new controller will detect and retain the virtual drive
information on the drives.

mirroring

The process of providing complete data redundancy with two drives by maintaining anexact copy of one drive’s data on the second drive. If one drive fails, the contents of theother drive can be used to maintain the integrity of the system and to rebuild the failed
drive.

multipathing

The firmware provides support for detecting and using multiple paths from the RAID
controllers to the SAS devices that are in enclosures. Devices connected to enclosures
have multiple paths to them. With redundant paths to the same port of a device, if one
path fails, another path can be used to communicate between the controller and thedevice. Using multiple paths with load balancing, instead of a single path, can increase
reliability through redundancy.

namenon-redundant configuration

A RAID 0 virtual drive with data striped across two or more drives but without drive
mirroring or parity. This provides for high data throughput but offers no protection incase of a drive failure.

NVRAM

Acronym for non-volatile random access memory. A storage system that does not losethe data stored on it when power is removed. NVRAM is used to store firmware andconfiguration data on the RAID controller.

NVRAM present
NVRAM size
offlinepatrol readPage 324

A virtual drive property indicating the user-assigned name of the virtual drive.

A controller property indicating whether an NVRAM is present on the controller.
A controller property indicating the capacity of the controller’s NVRAM.
A drive is offline when it is part of a virtual drive but its data is not accessible to thevirtual drive.
A process that checks the drives in a storage configuration for drive errors that could
lead to drive failure and lost data. The patrol read operation can find and sometimes fix
any potential problem with drives prior to host access. This enhances overall system
performance because error recovery during a normal I/O operation might not benecessary.

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Appendix C: Glossary |MegaRaid SAS Software User Guide

patrol read rate

The user-defined rate at which patrol read operations are run on a computer system.

product info

A drive property indicating the vendor-assigned model number of the drive.

product name

A controller property indicating the manufacturing name of the controller.

RAID

A group of multiple, independent drives that provide high performance by increasing
the number of drives used for saving and accessing data.
A RAID drive group improves input/output (I/O) performance and data availability. The
group of drives appears to the host system as a single storage unit or as multiple virtual
drives. Data throughput improves because several drives can be accessed
simultaneously. RAID configurations also improve data storage availability and fault
tolerance. Redundant RAID levels (RAID levels 1, 5, 6, 10, 50, and 60) provide dataprotection.

RAID 0Uses data striping on two or more drives to provide high data throughput, especiallyfor large files in an environment that requires no data redundancy.

RAID 00

Uses data striping on two or more drives in a spanned drive group to provide high data
throughput, especially for large files in an environment that requires no data
redundancy.

RAID 1

Uses data mirroring on pairs of drives so that data written to one drive issimultaneously written to the other drive. RAID 1 works well for small databases orother small applications that require complete data redundancy.

RAID 5Uses data striping and parity data across three or more drives (distributed parity) toprovide high data throughput and data redundancy, especially for applications that
require random access.

RAID 6

Uses data striping and parity data across three or more drives (distributed parity) toprovide high data throughput and data redundancy, especially for applications that
require random access. RAID 6 can survive the failure of two drives.

RAID 10

A combination of RAID 0 and RAID 1 that uses data striping across two mirrored drivegroups. It provides high data throughput and complete data redundancy.

RAID 50

A combination of RAID 0 and RAID 5 that uses data striping across two drive groups
with parity data. It provides high data throughput and complete data redundancy.

RAID 60

A combination of RAID 0 and RAID 6 that uses data striping across two drive groups
with parity data. It provides high data throughput and complete data redundancy.
RAID 60 can survive the failure of two drives in each RAID set in the spanned drivegroup.

RAID level

A virtual drive property indicating the RAID level of the virtual drive.
LSI SAS RAID controllers support RAID levels 0, 1, 5, 6, 10, 50, and 60.

raw capacity

A drive property indicating the actual full capacity of the drive before any coercion
mode is applied to reduce the capacity.

read policy

A controller attribute indicating the current Read Policy mode. In Always Read Ahead
mode, the controller reads sequentially ahead of requested data and stores the
additional data in cache memory, anticipating that the data will be needed soon. This
speeds up reads for sequential data, but there is little improvement when accessing
random data. In No Read Ahead mode (known as Normal mode in WebBIOS), readahead capability is disabled.

rebuild

The regeneration of all data to a replacement drive in a redundant virtual drive after adrive failure. A drive rebuild normally occurs without interrupting normal operations
on the affected virtual drive, though some degradation of performance of the drive
subsystem can occur.

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rebuild rate
reclaim virtual drive

A method of undoing the configuration of a new virtual drive. If you highlight thevirtual drive in the Configuration Wizard and click Reclaim, the individual drives are
removed from the virtual drive configuration.

reconstruction rate

The user-defined rate at which a drive group modification operation is carried out.

redundancy

A property of a storage configuration that prevents data from being lost when one
drive fails in the configuration.

redundant configuration

A virtual drive that has redundant data on drives in the drive group that can be used torebuild a failed drive. The redundant data can be parity data striped across multiple
drives in a drive group, or it can be a complete mirrored copy of the data stored on asecond drive.
A redundant configuration protects the data in case a drive fails in the configuration.

revertible hot spare

When you use the Replace Member procedure, after data is copied from a hot spare toa new drive, the hot spare reverts from a rebuild drive to its original hot spare status.

revision level

A drive property that indicates the revision level of the drive’s firmware.

SAS

Acronym for Serial Attached SCSI. SAS is a serial, point-to-point, enterprise-level device
interface that leverages the Small Computer System Interface (SCSI) protocol set. The
SAS interface provides improved performance, simplified cabling, smaller connectors,
lower pin count, and lower power requirements when compared to parallel SCSI.

SATA

Acronym for Serial Advanced Technology Attachment. A physical storage interface
standard. SATA is a serial link that provides point-to-point connections between
devices. The thinner serial cables allow for better airflow within the system and permit
smaller chassis designs.

SCSI device type

A drive property indicating the type of the device, such as drive.

serial no.

A controller property indicating the manufacturer-assigned serial number.

strip size

The portion of a stripe that resides on a single drive in the drive group.

stripe size

A virtual drive property indicating the length of the interleaved data segments that the
RAID controller writes across multiple drives, not including parity drives. For example,
consider a stripe that contains 64 KB of drive space and has 16 KB of data residing oneach drive in the stripe. In this case, the stripe size is 64 KB and the strip size is 16 KB.
The user can select the stripe size.

striping

A technique used to write data across all drives in a virtual drive.
Each stripe consists of consecutive virtual drive data addresses that are mapped in
fixed-size units to each drive in the virtual drive using a sequential pattern. For
example, if the virtual drive includes five drives, the stripe writes data to drives one
through five without repeating any of the drives. The amount of space consumed by astripe is the same on each drive. Striping by itself does not provide data redundancy.
Striping in combination with parity does provide data redundancy.

subvendor ID

A controller property that lists additional vendor ID information about the controller.

uncorrectable error countA controller property that lists the number of uncorrectable errors detected on drives
connected to the controller. If the error count reaches a certain level, a drive will bemarked as failed.

vendor ID
vendor info

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The percentage of central processing unit (CPU) resources devoted to rebuilding data
onto a new drive after a drive in a storage configuration has failed.

A controller property indicating the vendor-assigned ID number of the controller.
A drive property listing the name of the vendor of the drive.

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Appendix C: Glossary |MegaRaid SAS Software User Guide

virtual drive

A storage unit created by a RAID controller from one or more drives. Although a virtual
drive can be created from several drives, it is seen by the operating system as a single
drive. Depending on the RAID level used, the virtual drive can retain redundant data incase of a drive failure.

virtual drive state

A virtual drive property indicating the condition of the virtual drive. Examples include
Optimal and Degraded.

write-back

In Write-Back Caching mode, the controller sends a data transfer completion signal tothe host when the controller cache has received all of the data in a drive write
transaction. Data is written to the drive subsystem in accordance with policies set up by
the controller.
These policies include the amount of dirty/clean cache lines, the number of cache lines
available, and elapsed time from the last cache flush.

write policy

See Default Write Policy.

write-through

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In Write-Through Caching mode, the controller sends a data transfer completion signal
to the host when the drive subsystem has received all of the data and has completed
the write transaction to the drive.

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