Global Focus on Knowledge
Lecture Series

Challenging the mind
Encounter with Psychology- Psychology’s Appeal?
Psychology’s
Coordinator - navigator
Yoshihiko Tanno (College of Arts and Sciences)
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1Psychology’s Image●One of the most popular subjects at college:high schools don’t offer this course●Clinical psychologists and school counselors
make a positive contribution to society●A study in reading people’s minds;
comprehending people’s minds;
manipulating people’s minds / hypnotism

2Overview: psychology
Aspects ofbasic research

Aspects of practical andapplied researchcognitive psychology

clinical psychology

developmentalpsychology

educational psychology

personality psychology
social psychology,
etc.

forensic psychology
industrial psychology,etc.

3Psychology’s Appeal
１． A study that scientifically clarifies how
the mind works.
clarifying the mechanisms of the mind
２．A practical help for others
directly linked to people’s occupations
and contribution to society
３．A means to understand one’s own mindex.) dawning self-awareness in anadolescent’s mind

* a recommended option for those torn between
the humanities and science.

4Psychology at the University of Tokyo
１．Faculty of Letters psychology
２．Faculty of Letters social psychology
３．Faculty of Education educational psychology
４．College of Arts and Sciences
life and the cognitive sciences,etc.

Mailing list “Psycho”
5Global Focus on Knowledge
Lecture Series

Challenging the mind
Encounter with Psychology, Psychology’s Appeal

What kind of research are psychology
professors at the University of Tokyo
conducting?
This lecture will convey their range ofinterest and the wide spread field ofadvanced research in psychology.
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Global Focus on Knowledge
Lecture Series

Challenging the mind
Encounter with Psychology, Psychology’s Appeal
１．Exploring the mechanisms of cognition
２．The structure of society and individuals’ minds
３．Clinical psychology and abnormal psychology
4. Psychology of mental development andeducation
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Global Focus on Knowledge
Lecture Series

Challenging the mind
Encounter with Psychology, Psychology’s Appeal
・Attendance will be taken every time.
(Barcodes and mark sense cards are used.)・After each lecture, students will
write a mini report on the back of the marksense card.
・Students are required to submit at least ninemini reports.
・Questions are welcome.

What does “Global Focus on Knowledge
Lecture Series” aim at?

×1. Not digging

a hole○Climbing a hill togain a broader view

2. Not cramming Gaining infinite

knowledge bystructuring knowledge
9“Hole-digging studies”
narrow the vision and creates “nerds”

10

“Hill-climbing studies” broaden our vision

Specialized subjects

General subjects

Basic subjects
What “Global Focus on Knowledge” is intended11

“Bucket of knowledge” model

If the bucket is filled beyond
capacity, it overflows.

If you try to remember too much,you inevitably forget something.
12Memorizing Nonsense Words
Memorize as many words as possible
in 10 seconds.

ＪＡ ＬＮ ＥＣＮ ＴＴＩ ＢＭＫ ＤＤ
The test will be given again tomorrow.
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ＪＡＬ ＮＥＣ ＮＴＴ ＩＢＭ ＫＤＤ

ＪＡ ＬＮ ＥＣＮ ＴＴＩ ＢＭＫ ＤＤ
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Company Name

AirlineComputerTele Communication

ＪＡＬ ＮＥＣ ＮＴＴ ＩＢＭ ＫＤＤ

ＪＡ ＬＮ ＥＣＮ ＴＴＩ ＢＭＫ ＤＤ15A model for“Structuring knowledge”“Knowledge” is not a “bucket.”
Structured, it gains infinite capacity.
In college,
the goal is not to cram,but to structure knowledge.
16What does the “Global Focus on Knowledge Lecture
Series” aim at?

×1.

Not digging
a hole2. Not cramming○Climbing a hill togain a broader view
Gaining infinite
knowledge bystructuring knowledge
17Global Focus on Knowledge
Lecture Series 2008

Abnormal Psychology:

Learning Through Your Own Mind

Yoshihiko Tanno
College of Arts and Sciences
Department of Life and Cognitive Sciences18

Contents

１．My own encounter with psychology
２．Psychological crisis
３．Adolescence and psychological crisis
４．What is clinical psychology?
５．Conclusions
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My Own Encounter with Psychology

SciencesHumanities

Sciences in high school
Worries about personality
How about psychology?

Department of psychology
Experiments withHallucinogens
Thesis / master’s degree
Medical school
Doctoral course

Adolescentpsychology
Clinical psychology

Human Sciences Ⅲ
at UT,
hoping to become anovelist

Education at Komaba

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My Own Encounter with Psychology

Using my experience from boththe humanities and sciences
My mind suited to the humanities my brain to the sciences.
-Psychology is a recommended option for those who aretorn between humanities and science.

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My Encounter with Psychology
Worries about personality- wanting to change my personality
Adolescent worries- What am I suited for?
humanities?
science?

- wanting to understand my own mind
- identity crisis- psychological crisis, insecurity

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Psychological Crisis
Overcoming
Overcomingcrisis
crisis-personality
personalitydevelopment
development

stressors
stressorscrisiscrisissituations
situations
stressstressresponse
response
personality
personalityfailing
failingto
toovercome
overcome
crisiscrisisMaladaptation
Maladaptation- psychopathology
psychopathology

23Support for Psychological Crisis
Overcoming
Overcomingcrisis
crisis-personality
personalitydevelopment
development

stressors
stressorscrisiscrisissituations
situations
stressstressresponse
response
personality
personality

preventive
preventivecrisis
crisisintervention
intervention

failing
failingto
toovercome
overcome
crisiscrisisMaladaptation
Maladaptation- psychopathology
psychopathology

psychologicalpsychologicalsupport
supportclinicalclinicalpsychology
psychology
psychiatric
psychiatricmedicine
medicine
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Stressors
Uncontrollable stressors
unpredictable incidentsex.) accidents, illness, bereavement
Developmental stressors
events everyone faces
in the process of growthex.) going to college, getting a job,getting married, aging
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Uncontrollable Stressors

survey of college students（●-5 points）
becoming a victim of crime (incl. theft and molestation) ●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●
death of a family member●●●●●●●●
problems in family relationships●●●●●●●●
hospitalization or treatment at home●●●●●●●●
illness, injury, death of a close friend●●●●●●●
breaking up with a boyfriend/girlfriend●●●●●●●
failure in an entrance exam●●●●●●
trouble at part-time work●●●●●
trouble with friends
stressors

stress leveltaking uninteresting classes/
classes with many assignments
trouble at club (circle) activities

●●●●
●●●
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Developmental Stressors“Man develops throughout life.”
developmental challenges

Eriksondevelopmental stages

ages

psychosocial crisis

infant

0～1.5

trust

mistrust

toddler

1.5～4autonomy

shame, doubtpreschooler

4～5

initiative

guilt

school-age child

6～15

industry

inferiority

adolescentego identity

identity diffusion

young adultintimacy

isolation

middle-age adultgenerativity

stagnation

older adultintegrity

despair27

Developmental Challenges in AdolescenceAcquisition of identity“Who am I?”“How should I live from now on?”“What kind of job should I get?”“How should I behave as a man/woman?”
Integrating various aspects of the self and finding an answer tothe question “Who am I?”
Having a sense of “This is the real me”= ego identity28

Developmental Challenges of Adolescence
Adolescence is a period of moratorium
Adolescence is considered to be a preparation period(moratorium) for the young, free from social obligations
and responsibilities, in which to establish one’s ownidentity.
It’s an important time in that it allows young people topositively form their self-image by trial and error.
During this period of time, a few mistakes are tolerated.

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If the developmental challenges of adolescence (egoidentity) are not successfully met:
“I don’t know who I am.”
“I don’t know what I want to do.”
“I don’t know how I should live from now on.”“I don’t know what kind of job I should get.”“I don’t know how I should behave as a man/woman.”⇒identity diffusion
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If the developmental challenges of adolescence (egoidentity) are not successfully met:

Identity diffusion can occur.
In extreme cases:①adopting a negative identityex.) delinquency②failure in interpersonal relationsex.) social anxiety③avoidance of choice, paralysisex.) apathy31

Support for Psychological Crisis

overcoming
overcomingthe
thecrisis
crisis-personality
personalitydevelopment
development

stressors
stressorscrisiscrisissituations
situations
stressstressresponse
response
personality
personality

preventive
preventivecrisis
crisisintervention
intervention

failing
failingto
toovercome
overcomethe
thecrisis
crisismaladaptation
maladaptation
psychopathology
psychopathology

psychologicalpsychologicalsupport
supportclinical
psychology
clinical psychology
psychiatric
psychiatricmedicine
medicine

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The Role of Clinical Psychology

psychologicalassessment(interviewing/
psychological testing/diagnosis)

abnormal
psychology(explaining itsconditions)

psychotherapy

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Psychotherapy (1)Psychoanalytic Therapy (Freud)Counseling (Rogers)‡ Source: Hasegawa, Tojo, Oshima, Tanno, “Hajimete
deau shinrigaku (The First Psychology)” pp.141,148,
YUHIKAKU PUBLISHING CO.,LTD.2000.

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Psychotherapy (2)Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (Beck)with Beck (the founder of Cognitive Therapy)
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Areas Where Clinical Psychotherapists Work
Medical institutions
hospitals: departments of psychiatrics,
psychosomatics, pediatrics
Schools and colleges
school counselors, student counseling centers
Judicial institutions
recurrence prevention, support for victims ofcrime
Social activities
the Great Hanshin Earthquake, the subway saringas attack⇒ care for PTSD

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Psychology’s Appeal*
１． A study that scientifically clarifies how
the mind works.
clarifying the mechanisms of the mind
２．A practical help for others,
directly linked to their occupations andcontribution to society
３．A means to understand one’s own mindex.) dawning self-awareness in anadolescent’s mind

* a recommended option for those torn between
humanities and science.

37

■Yoshihiko Tanno Website
http://park.itc.u-tokyo.ac.jp/tanno/■references『 自分のこころからよむ臨床心理学入門』
Tanno, Sakamoto University of Tokyo Press『 エビデンス臨床心理学』 Tanno, Y Nippon Hyoron-Sha『16歳からの東大冒険講座３』 Tanno,Y et al. Baifukan『認知行動アプローチと臨床心理学』 Tanno, YKongo Shuppan『 性格の心理学』 Tanno, Y Saiensu-sha『講座臨床心理学全６巻』 Shimoyama, H Tannno, Y (eds.)
University of Tokyo Press

Mini Report: Topics
1. What image have you had of psychology
until now?
2. After today’s lecture, what image do you
have of psychology?

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