SimpleDEMViewer

SimpleDEMViewer 6.9
SimpleDEMViewerAS 1.9
User Manual

AS ( Mac App Store ) version has some limitations because sandboxing programing is required.
<AS note> denotes those limitations and differences in each features. Last section lists up all of them.

Oct. 2020©copyright 2012 - 2020 by Yoshiaki Katayanagi
http://www.jizoh.jp/english.html

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Index
1. About SimpleDEMViewer

9

Draws maps colored by elevation
Supported DEM files
Customizable items
Other functions
Datum
Projection method
Planets and the Moon

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2. Elevation Data

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GTOPO30, HYDRO1kETOPO1, ETOPO2, ETOPO5, GLOBE
SRTM 3sec/1sec
SRTM DTED level 0/1/2 ( 30 sec / 3 sec / 1 sec )SRTM30plus
USGS ascii
USGS SDTS
1km / 250m / 50m / 10m / 5m / 2m DEMs from GSI of JapanBIL FORM DEM
ASTER GDEMJAXA ALOS World 3D-30m
GeoTiff DEM
Arc Ascii DEM
netCDF DEM
PDS DEM
DEMs for KASHMIR

BIL form DEM data

12

Requirements
HDR file (text file)
BLW file (text file)

3. Read Elevation Data

15

Read data
Mixture of different kind of DEMs
Start up time restoration
Read as named working set
Remove data

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4. Map Info Panel

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Showing items
Operations

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5. Map Settings ( Preferences )Elevation colors

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Vacant color
Use gradation
White Antarctica and Greenland
Fill land of zero meters or less with a color just above zero meters.
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Draw lakes
Treat 0 m as sea if DEM does not specify sea level
Treat sea as no data region

Color sets
Shading
Parallels and Meridians
Base latitude
Unit of milage
Address format to copy
Showing elevation
Restore working set
Lake data folder
Create world file
High density drawing
Other buttons

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6.Manage Projection Planes

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DialogHow to use

2121

7. Manage Color Sets

22

Manage color sets
ExportingImporting

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8. Drawing Lakes

23

Create lake data
Edit lake data
Lake data files
Notes

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9. Map Handling

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Scaling
Other scale menu
Reposition map by address ( Jump to )Reposition map by searching user data string
Reposition map by dragging showing frame in Index window
Scrolling
Resize map window
Showing address and elevation value

10.Save and Restore Working Set
Restoration at start-up
Named saving and restoration
Objects to restore
Notes

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11. Index Window

28

12. Scale Panel29

13. DEM Inspector

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Showing cell values of DEM files
Change elevation values
Set all cells to the same value
Copy all cell values
Notes

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14. Export DEM File

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Create new DEM file
Operations
Notes

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15. User Data

33

Memo data
Route data
Area data

16. Memo Data

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About memo data
Create new memo
Create memos directly from picture files with GPS information
Update memos

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Update one memo
Update common attributes

Show picture or html page35

Url forms
Url auto collection
Window size

Formatting contents with HTML tags
Pass memos to your friends
Move memos
Custom marks
Defaults of memos

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Destination to display pictures and web pages
Data library folder for user memo
Defaults for creating memo data by drag & drop

Memo data library folder
Read KML file as Memo Data

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17. Route Data

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About route data
Create new route data
Update route data

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Update one route data4

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Update common attributes

Defaults for route data
Read e00 files as user route data
Read KML file as Route Data

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18. Area Data

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About area data
Create new area data
Update area data

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Update one area data
Update common attributes

Defaults for area data
Read KML file as Area Data

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19. GPX Data as User Memo and RouteMemo data
Route data

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20. KML Data as User Memo / Route / Area Data
Common items
Memo data
Rout data
Area data

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21. Common Features of User Data
Show / Hide user data46
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by Kindby Layer

String attributes
Save / Read user data
Edit User Data

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Show data in a table
Change all
Edit individual data
Remove data
Search data
Export data

Find user data on the map

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22.Export / Import User Data to / from Text File
ExportImportText file format

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User Memo Data
User Route Data
User Area Data

23. Texture Mapping

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Setting Dialog

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Fitting on the map window
World file
Sample
Notes

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24. Select Rectangle Region

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25. Copy / Paste Latitude and Longitude

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Text format

56

26. Show Place on External Map

58

Show by “Maps”
Show by Google map

27. Measuring Milage

59

28. Find Highest or Lowest Elevation

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Operation

60

29. Contours

61

Settings
Line mode
Notes

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30. Colorize by Slope

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Settings
Notes

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31. Birdʼs Eye View

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Settings
Add strings in the picture

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32. Stereographs

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Stereograph

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Parallel and cross-eye
Anaglyph

Settings
Add strings on the picture

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33. SRVC Relief Map

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What is SRVC Relief Map
DialogAdd strings in the picture

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Sample pictures

34. Panorama View

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What is panorama view

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Creation
Settings

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Eye point
Direction
Color setting
Other settings
Draw Sun
StereographReset AllName search dialog for eye point or target
Handling after completion

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Scrolling
Auto scrolling
Show place information
Handling strings
String dialog
Set eye or target point from picture
Reposition map from a point of pictureShow info

Export and import settings
Notes

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35. 3D Movie

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About 3D Movie
Functions

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CommonRotation mode
Flight mode
Boat mode

Dialog
Run time operations
Save as movie file
Notes

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36. Visible Region

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What is Visible Region
Show dialog
Settings
Notes

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37. Geo-Proﬁles81

Creation
Settings
Save as
Notes

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38. Grayscale Maps

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DialogAdd strings in the picture
Save as picture file

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Notes

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39. Projection Maps

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About projection maps
Settings
Orthographic projection map
Conical projection map
Mercator projection map
Azimuthal Equidistant projection map
Azimuthal Equi-area projection map
Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) projection map
Lambert Conformal Conic Projection map
Strings in the picture
Save as a picture
Sample picture with separate projection center

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40. Picture Windows

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Compact viewShow picture info
Save picture

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41. Save Pictures

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Saving map picture
Saving other window pictures
Create world file
Save as GeoTiff
Add GPS information

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42. Remove Data

93

43. Menus

94

Main Menu Bar
Context Menu on Main Window
Context Menu on Panorama View

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44. Limitations for AS Version

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1. About SimpleDEMViewer
Draws maps colored by elevation
Reads various Digital Elevation Model (DEM) data, and makes map colored by elevation withor without shading. It supports gradation color also.
• Draws Parallels and Meridians.
• Shows latitude, longitude and elevation at
the mouse point.
• Draws contours calculated using DEMs.
• Support various DEM data available at online sites. See below.
• Makes maps with several projection
methods. See below.
Two pictures at right show maps
around Mt. Fuji in Japan using SRTM 3
No gradation
With gradation
seconds mesh DEMs with shading.

Supported DEM files
Followings are supported. Refer next section。
• GTOPO30 ( 30 sec. )• ETOPO1 ( 1 min. with sea depth, Treated as BIL form )• ETOPO2 ( 2 min. with sea depth )• ETOPO5 ( 5 min. with sea depth )• GLOBE ( 30 sec. )• SRTM (1 sec., 3 sec. )• SRTM DTED (1 sec., 3 sec. )• USGS ascii ( Geo and UTM )• USGS SDTS ( Geo and UTM )• 1km / 250m / 50m / 10m / 5m / 2m DEMs from GSI of Japan

Conical projection map using
ETOPO2<AS note> No support of 10m / 5m / 2m DEMs those have file extension‘LEM’.

• BIL form DEM ( with address boundary or no addressing )• ASTER GDEM ( 1 sec. / GeoTiff )• JAXA ALOS ( 1 sec. / GeoTiff )• GeoTiff DEM• netCDF DEM (GMT compatible format )• PDS DEM ( Planetary Data System form NASA. File extension is ‘IMG’ )• ArcAscii DEM files ( Geo and UTM )• HYDRO1k ( no address data )Customizable items• Elevation colors and its boundaries.
• White Antarctica and Greenland.
• Gradation colors.
• Lakes. Its color.
• Shading, light direction, shade strength.
• Shrink or expanding rate ( between 2000% and 5% )• Color, line width and intervals of Parallels and Meridians.
• Adjust horizontal scale depending on latitude, so that horizontal and vertical scale will be the same.
• Others.

Other functions• Making lake data.
• Drawing contours.
• Coloring by slope degrees.
• Texture Mapping.
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SimpleDEMViewer• Drawing bird's-eye View pictures.
• Drawing stereograph pictures.
• Drawing SRVC relief maps.
• Drawing panorama view pictures.
• Go through landscape, 3D movie.
• Drawing visible region.
• Drawing geo-profile pictures.
• Drawing grayscale map pictures.
• Drawing Orthographic projection maps.
• Drawing Conical projection maps.
• Drawing Mercator projection maps.
• Drawing Equidistant projection maps.
• Drawing Equi-area projection maps.
• Drawing Universal Transverse Mercator ( UTM ) projection maps.
• Drawing Lambert Conformal Conic projection maps.
• Saving pictures as picture files in various formats.
• Creating and drawing memos, routes and areas on maps.
• Reading some external format data and draw them as user memo, route and area data.
• Export user data to text file and import them.

Datum
Always WGS84 is used, but calculations of distance and direction are based on a sphere its radius is6371 km.
Even if DEMs stand on other than WGS84, SimpleDEMViewer uses WGS84 always, therefore you
should aware of the datum of your data. One exception is Tokyo datum of older DEM files from GSI of
Japan, their addresses are converted to WGS84 automatically.

Projection method
Projection method depends on DEM data type.
Geo DEMLongitude / Latitude coordinate ( Equidistant Cylindrical projection ). You can adjust horizontal axis to
reduce distortion of the map depending on latitude.
UTM DEMUTM of course.
XY plane of Japan DEM
Rectangular Plane Coordinate system defined in Japan.
Other plane DEM
Rectangular plane Coordinate system other than UTM and XY plane of Japan. You can define worlds
local plane coordinate system such as NZTM2000 and CH1903+, etc.. They should stand on Transverse Mercator Projection like as UTM. It is applicable for BIL and ArcAscii DEMs. See “Manage
Planes”.
If you do not know the coordinate system of your DEMs, you can use them without addressing called
General Plane DEM in this program. Such DEMs can be arranged in the map window, but could not linkwith any other data including other DEMs, User Data and texture maps.
No addressing DEM
No projection. No link with latitude and longitude. Only one DEM file can be shown on the map window.

Planets and the Moon
Supports DEMs for planets and the Moon using PDS or bil form DEMs. Refer BIL
form DEM data section for BIL form DEMs.
All calculations are based on speciﬁed radius. Coordinate system should be geo-referenced. Following functions are not supported for planet DEMs.
• Drawing UTM projection map.
• Drawing white Antarctica and Greenland.
• Drawing sea and the Sun in panorama views.
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2. Elevation Data
You should prepare at least one of following elevation data (DEM) separately.
All DEM data are treated as datum is WGS84 except older DEMs from GSI of Japan.

GTOPO30, HYDRO1k
Their data interval is 1 km nominally. GTOPO30 is bounded by Latitude and Longitude. HYDRO1k requires header file (it's file extension is HDR).
You can download both at Elevation data site of USGS.

ETOPO1, ETOPO2, ETOPO5, GLOBE
They are 1, 2, 5 minutes and 30 seconds mesh data. First three have bathymetry data, andcovers whole world by one file. ETOPO1 provided as BIL or GeoTiff, and SimpleDEMViewer
treats them as BIL or GeoTiff.
You can download them at National Geographical Data Center (NGDC).

SRTM 3sec/1sec
This data is obtained by Space Shuttle. It is bounded by Latitude and Longitude. It's data interval is 3 arc seconds or 1 arc seconds. Refer to Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM)
site.
You can download them from above SRTM site in its original format (its file extension is
HGT), or in BIL format.

SRTM DTED level 0/1/2 ( 30 sec / 3 sec / 1 sec )"Finished" data derived from SRTM. Sea surface and some lake surfaces are flattened. You canorder data SRTM site on DVDs.

SRTM30plus
30 seconds mesh DEM derived from SRTM, and has bathymetry data. First 7 characters of thefile name should be same as those of GTOPO30, and file extension should be "SRTM".

USGS ascii
You can download various elevation data in this format from USGS or some other data centers. Supports geo and UTM data. File extension should be “DEM”.

USGS SDTS
You can download various elevation data in this format from USGS or some other data centers. File extension is always DDF. One DEM data consists of several files, although open dialog
can select xxxxCEL0.DDF file only.
<AS note> You should select a folder instead of a file.

1km / 250m / 50m / 10m / 5m / 2m DEMs from GSI of Japan
Sold in CD-ROM only for Japanese region. You can purchase from Japan Map Center (JMC).
<AS note> No support of 10m / 5m / 2m DEMs.

BIL FORM DEM
Supports 8 or 16 bits integer and 32 bits float format. Supports geo and UTM addressing.
Supports elevation values in meters or feet. Refer next section.
You can download various elevation data in this format from USGS and other GIS data sites.

ASTER GDEM
One of GeoTiff form DEM. The data pitch is 1 arc-second. http://gdem.ersdac.jspacesystems.or.jp

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JAXA ALOS World 3D-30m
One of GeoTiff form DEM. The data pitch is 1 arc-second. Paired mask file has sea area information. If no mask file exists in the same folder, the file is treated as general GeoTiff DEM.
http://www.eorc.jaxa.jp/ALOS/en/aw3d30/<AS note> You should select a folder instead of a file.

GeoTiff DEM
Supports 8 or 16 bits integer and 32 bits float format. Unit is meter or feet for elevation.
Supports geo and UTM and other plane DEMs, if it is plane DEM other than UTM, a dialog will appear
to ask you which plane should be taken. Datum is ignored, all are treated as WGS84.
<AS note> You can select any tiff format file by Open panel, error message will be shown after closing
the panel if those are not DEM file.

Arc Ascii DEM
Arc/Info's exported text format DEMs. Supports geo, UTM and other plane DEMs. If UTM orother plane DEMs, will ask zone number or what plane. Elevation value should be in meters.
File extension should be ‘ASC’.
If you specify 0 for zone number, the DEM will be treated as “General plane DEM”, that meansno link with latitude and longitude.
You can download SRTM 3 sec ver.4 in this format at the CGIAR-CSI site.

netCDF DEM
GMT compatible netCDF format DEM files are supported. File extension should be ‘GRD’.
<AS note> You can select any file that has file extension ‘GRD” by Open panel, error message will beshown after closing the panel if those are not DEM file.

PDS DEM
Planetary Data System DEMs are derived from NASA space data. The Moon, Mercury, Mars and someother celestial bodies data are provided as DEM files. File extension should be ‘IMG’. In case a separate
label file, its file extension is ‘LBL’, is attached, it should exist in the same folder.
<AS note> You can select any file that has file extension ‘IMG” by Open panel, error message will beshown after closing the panel if those are not DEM file.

DEMs for KASHMIR
Dedicated format for KASHMIR 3D with the file extension 'dcm'. ( KASHMIR 3D is a programfor MS Windows. )BIL form DEM data
Requirements• Each elements is 16 or 8 bits integer with sign bit, or 32 bits float. Supports Motorola and Intel byte order which is specified in header file. Default is Motorola format.
• Elements are stored in row major order (all the data for row 1, followed by all the data for row 2, etc.).
• Data interval is in degrees or seconds. Meters for UTM or no addressing DEMs.
• Each value is in meters or feet.
• No LF nor CR characters.
• File extension should be BIL DEM or FLT. If FLT, data element should be 32 bits float.
• File size should be equal to "number of columns" times "number of rows" ( times 2 if 16 bits element ortimes 4 for 32 bits float ) described in header file.
• Header file must be exist in same folder. It's file name is same as elevation data but file extension. It's
file extension should be HDR.
• Optionally BLW file is used to determine boundary addresses. It's file name is same as elevation data
but file extension BLW.
• -9999 in elevation value means sea, except when 'NODATA -9999' specified.

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HDR file (text file)
This file should describe followings. Other items are ignored.
Specify one entry in one line. Each line has a key and a value pair. Result has no guarantee if
conflicted entries are specified.
Keys
NROWS
NCOLS

Valuesnumber of rows
number of columns

NBITS

number of bits per element, 8 or 16 for integer, 32 for float. Can be omitted if fileextension is FLT.
<followings are optional>
BYTEORDER
If ‘I’ or ‘LSBFIRST’ is specified byte order is Intel, otherwise Motorola.
UTMZONEUTM zone number. Specify if addresses are based on UTM.
XYPLANE
Plane ID defined in Manage Planes panel, or plane number of Japanese 19rectangular plane coordinate system.
If Plane ID contains space, enclose them with double quotation marks.
If 0 is specified, it means general plane coordinate system.
ULXMAP
Longitude at the center of the north-west corner cell of the data in degrees, or UTM Y
address. X address for other plane coordinate system in meters.
ULYMAP
Latitude at the center of the north-west corner cell of the data in degrees, or UTM X
address. Y address for other plane coordinate system in meters.
XLLCORNER
Longitude at the lower-left corner of the south-west corner cell of the data in degrees, or
UTM Y address. X address for other plane coordinate system in meters.
YLLCORNER
Latitude at the lower-left corner of the south-west corner cell of the data in degrees, or
UTM X address. Y address for other plane coordinate system in meters.
XLLCENTER
Longitude at the center of the south-west corner cell of the data in degrees, or UTM Y
address. X address for other plane coordinate system in meters.
YLLCENTER
Latitude at the center of the south-west corner cell of the data in degrees, or UTM X
address. Y address for other plane coordinate system in meters.
XULCORNER
Longitude at the upper-left corner of the north-west corner cell of the data in degrees, or
UTM Y address. X address for other plane coordinate system in meters.
YULCORNER
Latitude at the upper-left corner of the north-west corner cell of the data in degrees, or
UTM X address. Y address for other plane coordinate system in meters.
XULCENTER
Same as ULXMAPYULCENTER
Same as ULYMAP(Notes)Above five sets (ULXMAP/ULYMAP, XLLCORNER/YLLCORNER, XLLCENTER/YLLCENTER, XULCORNER/YULCORNER, XULCENTER/YULCENTER) areexclusive. If mixed, result is undefined.
XDIM
Horizontal data pitch in degrees or seconds. If it is greater than or equal to 0.1, it is inseconds. For UTM and other plane DEMs, value is in meters.
YDIM
Vertical data pitch. value is same form as XDIM.
CELLSIZE
Data pitch for horizontal and vertical. Don’t specify XDIM and YDIM when this entry
exists.
SEALEVEL
If data has special value for sea area, specify it. -9999m is assumed if not specified here
and NODATA is not -9999m.
NODATA
If DEM file has no-data ( void )-value, specify it.
NODATA_VALUE
Same as NODATA.
ELEVATIONUNIT
Specify 'F' if elevation is in feet, otherwise omit this.
SKIPHEAD
If data has extra bytes in the beginning of the file before elevation elements, specify
number of bytes to skip.
SKIPBYTESSame as SKIPHEAD
RADIUSSpecify radius of the Moon or a planet other than the Earth in kilometer.
Instead of radius you can specify planet name for Moon, Mercury, Venus or Mars.
If this entry is specified, coordinate system should be geo-referenced, otherwise DEM
file is ignored. If you specify radius of the Earth, program assumes some planet otherthan the Earth.
If addressing values are outside of geo address range ( i.e. -180 to 180 and -90 to 90 ) andno UTMZONE nor XYPLANE is specified, ‘XYPLANE 0’ is assumed.
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If four lines from ULXMAP to YDIM are not specified here and no BLW file is found, the DEM
data will be treated as no address data.
<Example 1>
BYTEORDER
NROWS
NCOLS
NBITS
ULXMAPULYMAP
XDIM
YDIM

I
3600
3600
16
-115.000138888
35.999861111
1.00000
1.00000<Example 2>
byteorder
nrows
ncols
nbits
cellsize
xllcorner
yllcorner

lsbfirst
3601
3601
32
1.0
-114.99986111
35.99986111

BLW file (text file)
This file should describe following data in this order. Each line should have only one floating
point number in text format.
Lines
1
2
3
4
5
6

ValuesSame as XDIM value.
( Ignore )( Ignore )Same as YDIM value, but always minus.
Same as ULXMAP value.
Same as ULYMAP value.

<Example> 1 second mesh0.000277777777778
0.0
0.0-0.000277777777778
110.000138888889
39.9998611111111

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3. Read Elevation Data
Read data“File” => “Open” menu shows file selection panel. You can read elevation data by selecting
individual files or folders through the panel. If you select a folder or folders, program reads all
readable files in them. If files to be read are not compatible with files already read and showedin main window, an alert prompts you to dispose read data or cancel new reading.
If “Read two levels when folders selected.” is checked, read files in folders those are in thefolder you selected.
SimpleDEMViewer reads DEM files when you double click DEM files in Finder, or drop them on
to application icon. Application icon accepts folder that contains DEM files.
Different format DEMs can be read and be laid in the map window as described in next section. UTM DEMs can be read at the same time if they are belong to the same UTM zone.
<AS note> You should select folder for SDTS and JAXA ALOS instead of individual files.

Mixture of different kind of DEMs
If several kind DEMs are read, map scale is based on the smallest pitch DEMs. The coordinate system is also determined by them. If it is UTM or other plane DEMs, whole map will be
UTM or other plane coordinate.
If the coordinate system is UTM or other managed planes, map area extend up to 667 km. Location leaves far from center meridian more than 6 degrees, accuracy getting worse.
DEMs of different planets cannot be mixed.

Start up time restoration
As a default, program restores DEMs and settings at starting if previous session ends without
removing data. See “Save and restore working set” section.
To skip-restore function, start program with shift key pressing.

Read as named working set
You can read previously defined DEM data set anytime with various settings. See “Save andrestore working set” section.

Remove data
To remove read data, select "File" => "Remove data" menu, and select data to remove. If you
read new DEMs without removing current data, and they are not compatible, you will beprompted to remove read data or cancel new reading.

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4. Map Info Panel
Map Info Panel shows current DEM data type, scale, shading typeand color set. You can change shading type, strength and color
set from here and it affects map instantly.

Showing items
DEM data type

Scale

Base latitude
Lon / Lat
Shading
Strength
Color setType of DEMs currently showing. If they are UTM type,shows zone number, and plane ID for DEMs defined in Manage Planes panel.
Percentage of extending or shrinking rate based on one datacell to one pixel ( if retina display, 4 pixels ) on the screen.
Also shows 1 / n style fractional number assuming thatscreen has 72 pixels per inch or 144 pixels per inch if retina
display.
Base latitude for geo-referenced DEMs.
Intervals of Meridians and Parallels. If they are same value,
shows only one.
Shows shading type. You can change it by popup menu.
Shows shading strength. You can change it by popup menu.
Shows current color set with color set menu. you can selectcolor set here.

Operations• “Show / Hide Map Info Panel” under the “View” menu shows or hides
this panel.
• Changing shading or color set in this panel affects map window immediately.
• Changing settings here affects Preferences settings also.
• “Edit color set” button shows Preferences panel.

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5. Map Settings ( Preferences )You can specify colors, shading and other settings in "Preferences"dialog. Select “Preferences…” under the application menu to show thedialog.

Elevation colors• Elevation color table is like a picture at right. Elevations are boundaries between colors in same row and next. You can change all colors and boundary
elevations, sea color and lake color. Click each color box to change it's coloror each elevations to change boundary elevation.. You can specify float values for boundary elevations in unit of meters.
• Number of elevation colors are variable between 3 and 30. Clicking [+] button adds a row before selected row. If none selected, adds one at top. Clicking [-] button remove selected row. You can not remove bottom row.
• Any place has elevation between boundaries are colored with its color.
Places having elevations equal to boundary elevation, take upper side color
when elevation is greater than 0 m, otherwise take lower side color.
• Sea color applied when elevation value is specified as sea, usually -9999 m
is specified.
No sea color applied to ETOPO1 / ETOPO2 / ETOPO5 / SRTM plus and GEBCO since no sea level
data exist.
• If gradation is on, colors are changed gradually from one elevation color to next elevation color. Takespecified color when the elevation is mid of two boundary elevations. Gradation will not be applied if
boundary elevation is 0 meter. Highest and lowest part are also exception.

Vacant color
Color for the region where no elevation data exists.
Select from white, black or sea color. Sea color varies depending on colorset.

Use gradation
Check if you want to draw elevation colors with gradation.

White Antarctica and Greenland
Make Antarctica to be white. Some low elevation outskirt of the land are depends on elevation colors.
Area over 1300 meter elevation on Greenland are drawn with white color.
Picture at right is Greenland using ETOPO1 and etopo color set.

Fill land of zero meters or less with a color just above zero meters.
When using a color set with seabed color like the “etopo” color set, draw the color of the land
lower than the sea level with the color just above 0 meter. However, in the case of the CaspianSea it is applied only for area shallower than 28 meter,area deeper than it is drawn with the original level color.
Target places are only followings.
Caspian sea. Dead sea. Northern lower land of Egypt,
Libya and Algeria. Eritrea, England ( about 120 km northof London ). Salton Sea and Death valley U.S.A. Lake Eyre
Australia. Turpan Basin China. Nagoya and Niigata
Japan.
Do not turn on this switch if you use color set its colorof zero meter or less is land color.
Picture at right is a sample drawing of Caspian Sea using ETOPO1 and “etopo” color set.

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Draw lakes
Check if you want to draw lakes with lake color. You should create lake data to draw lakes foreach DEM kinds. Refer to section “Drawing lakes”.

Treat 0 m as sea if DEM does not specify sea level
Some types of DEMs have sea area as 0 meter.
Be aware that inland 0 meter area also be treated as sea.
This option applied to DEMs when they are read when this option is on, no effect to DEMs already be read.

Treat sea as no data region
Some DEMs have void or vacant area within their rectangle region. Program searches other
DEMs to fill those region. If you check this option, sea area is treated as vacant area, so thatyou can draw land part of GTOPO30 and sea part of ETOPO1 for example. Set to off usually
because of performance.

Color sets
• A color set includes elevation colors, lake and sea colors, boundary elevations.
• You can create new color sets with names, they will appear in color set menu.
• You can delete named color sets other than default color sets.

Shading• Select one of “No shading”, “By light”, “By slope” and “Both”.
• Strength has eight levels. 8 is most deep.
• You can select light direction from 8 direction menu when
“By light” or “Both”. Elevation angle is always 45 degrees.
• If “Both” you can select strength of shading by light between
1 and 5.
• If DEM has no address, assume upside towards north.
The picture below shows sample of each effect, left isby light, center is by slope, right is by both. DEM is 1/3
seconds NED of Grand Canyon.

Parallels and Meridians• Select line interval between 30 degrees and 1 minute or automatic.
Default is automatic. You can select different intervals for parallels and meridians.
• Select line color using Color Picker. Default is black.
• Specify line width in points. Default is 1 point. Float value is acceptable.
If the coordinate system is UTM or other managed planes, meridians will be drawn up to 10 degrees apart from base meridian for both side, but location accuracy getting worse if it leaves
more than 6 degrees.

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Base latitude
By default, each pixel of map has same size in degrees forhorizontal and vertical dimensions, therefore pixels not on theequator are expanded horizontally wider as far from the equator. If your map is in large scale ( e.g. SRTM ) and you want tolook around high latitude region, you can specify "Base latitude"
to compensate this effect. Aspect ratio will be normalized at
specified "Base latitude".
If you use SRTM 3seconds data and draw in 100%, each pixel
represents 3 arc seconds in both latitude and longitude. It willbe 6 arc seconds in longitude when you specify 60 degree as"Base latitude". "Base latitude" should be between 0 and 60.
"Set to current map center" sets base latitude to latitude ofwindow center, but still restricted to 60. “Adjust Base Latitude”
under the View menu do the same thing.

Base is the Equator.

Unit of milage
Specify unit of scale from "km", "mile" or “nautical mile”.
Scale panel, Milage measuring, Route data milage, Geo-profile
and Panorama view support it.

Address format to copy

Base is 36 degree.

Select address format to copy from D.M.S or degrees. It affects
copy address on the main window and address view in any dialogs.
D.M.S
LW N12.34.56.789 W123.45.54.321
DD
12.58244414 -123.7650892

Showing elevation
You can show latitude, longitude and elevation value at the mouse point in the main windowby moving mouse with option key pressing. You can select elevation value of nearest DEM
element value or interpolated value. Interpolated value may exceed data value and actual elevation for peeks.

Restore working set
Specify whether always restore status at start-up or only when user save the status manuallyat previous session.
Refer to “Save and restore working set” section.

Lake data folder• Specify a folder to save lake data.
Default folder is "~/Library/Application support/jp.jizoh/SDVr6/Lakes/“.
<AS note> “~/Library/Containers/jp.jizoh.SDVrAS/Data/Library/Application support/jp.jizoh/SDVrAS/Lakes/“.

• If you want to add lake data, you should have right to update the folder, otherwise you can share thelake data with other users.
• Use default if you need not share lake data with other users.

Create world fileSpecify to create a world file when saving grayscale map or stereograph to a file if available.
See “Save pictures” section for conditions and file format.

High density drawing
When using Mac with retina display, you can specify to create high density map to fit retina
display. It makes map drawing little slower. Contour line get thinner and its drawing takes almost four times, also drawing visible region is same as such.
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You should specify 144 dpi when saving picture, if you want a high density window picture.

Other buttons
Reset
Redraw

Set all values in this dialog to program's default values except high density drawing and lake data
folder.
Redraw main window contents with current settings. Without clicking this button, latest settings
will be applied at next drawing.

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6.Manage Projection Planes
Define world’s local planar coordinate systems which should use Transverse Mercator Projection like as UTM. Those systems should based on WGS84.
Coordinate systems defined here are identified by “Plane ID” you specified. You can refer
Plane ID when reading some kind of DEM files.

DialogSelect “Manage Projection Planes” under the File menu to show this dialog.
There are two predefined planes, “CH1903+” of Swiss and “NZTM2000” of New Zealand as
examples. You can remove them if you want.
Plane ID

Any characters to identify
planes.
North / South sphere
Select one on which the plane
is defined.
Base Address
Origin address of the coordinate plane in latitude andlongitude.
False Northing
Y coordinate address at theorigin.
False Easting
X coordinate address at theorigin.
ScaleFactor
Scale factor at the central
meridian, between 0.9990 and
1.0.
Comment
Any comment, will be shownat selection dialog when reading DEMs.

How to use
ArcAscii DEMs
Select from the plane menu in the selection dialog
at reading time.
Bil form DEMs
Specify XYPLANE entry with Plane ID in the HDR file.
XYPLANE
CH1903+
If Plane ID includes spaces, use double quotation
marks.
XYPLANE“Swiss Projection”

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7. Manage Color Sets
You can manage ( rename, remove, ordering in
menu, export and import ) color sets in a dialog
under the File menu.

Manage color sets
Dialog shows color sets other than standard
three.
Select one color set shows its content in theright table.
To rename a color set, double click its name inthe left table.
Select one and drag it to appropriate position tochange order in the color set menu.
To remove color sets, select one or more color
sets and click remove button.

Exporting
You can write several color sets to a file to reuse
them in other mac or in new system later, or pass it to your friends.
Select one or more color sets in the above dialog and click export button, and specify placeand name of saved file. File extension is always ‘jzcolr’.

Importing
To read color set files, use “Import color sets” under the File menu. You can import old type
color sets with file extension “sdcolr”.
If the same name exists, a dialog appear and you can overwrite or enter new name. Evensame name exists, if their contents are identical, it is skipped with no message.

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8. Drawing Lakes
You can create lake data to draw lakes if lake region is flat in theDEM data. Lake data are created for each DEM types and be saved
as separate files.
To create lake data, lake should be larger than 100 DEM data elements. If a lake surface is separated several elevation regions,
you should make separate lake data for each regions. Picture atright is Lake Baykal using ETOPO2. It has different elevations for
its northern and southern part. It requires you to make two lake
data for one lake.

Create lake data
To create lake data, only one kind of DEMs are allowed in program. If more than one kind of DEMs are read, you cannot create lake data.
Select "Make lake data..." under "Tools" menu after reading DEM files to make lake data forthem. "Making lake data" dialog appears and the cursor changes to a water bucket. If you clicksome point on the map, program checks around it whether any lake data can be created there
or not. If it can do, click point address and elevation value are shown in the panel, and lake region is drawn by lake color. If not all lake region is drawn, click again remaining portion in thelake. After all available lake region drawn, enter lake name and click "Register" button. You
can continue to create next lake data.
To finish creating lake data, click "Exit" button in the panel. Lake data are saved as lake data
files.

Lake name
Click point
Surface elevation
Register
Clear
Edit
Exit

Any name is acceptable. There is no need of uniqueness but preferable.
Address of mouse clicked point.
Elevation of current lake surface.
Finish one lake data.
Reset lake data creating status and clear fields,
Display lake data table and delete, rename or change lake data . Refer next
paragraph.
Finish creating lake data and save them.

Edit lake data
You can delete individual lake data, rename and change the rectangle bounding of lakes.
Program uses elevation and boundary rectangle only to determine lake, therefore some places
that has same elevation are drawn as lake, even if it is outside of the lake. To avoid that, you
can create several lake data for one lake with adjusting rectangles.
Sometimes, lake and aside land elevations are equal, in such a situation, you may adjust rectangle to limit lake area.

Lake data files
Lake data are saved as a file for each DEM data types. Those files are saved into a lake data
folder specified in the preference dialog. If you change it, SimpleDEMViewer replaces all thelake data by the data in the new folder.
You can copy it from another mac if it is created by ver. 5 or ver. 4.

Notes• In the edit dialog, boundary rectangle of each lake data is shown by latitude and longitude, even if they
are determined by UTM address for UTM DEMs. Such a case, latitude and longitude for north-west
corner and south-east corner are shown in the dialog. It's the same for other-plane DEMs.
• Lake surface is not flat in SRTM DEMs usually, use SRTM DTED instead.
• Cannot make lake data for DEMs those have no address information.

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9. Map Handling
Scaling
From scale menu or context menu, you can select scale between 2000 and 5% or specify values directly in "other" menu. If you change the scale using Scale menu, center of the main
window keep its position. If you change it from context menu, mouse point will move to centerof the window.
Scaling by pinch action on a track pad, in this case place at the mouse point retain its position in the map window.
Map is centered in window if scale is small enough to show all the world, or all the DEMs incase of UTM DEMs

Other scale menu
If you select other scale menu, a dialog will be displayed and you can specify any scale asfollows in the dialog.
• Any percentage to data between 5 and 2000 percent.
• Specify milage in meter, km, yard or mile to data pixel, cm or inch in the map.
• Specify scale by fraction directly like as 1 / 1000000.
For second and third case, click calculate button after entering value, so that result scale will
be set to the percentage field. In this case although only three decimals are displayed in thefield, more significant decimals are kept.

Reposition map by address ( Jump to )You can reposition the map to any place
specified by latitude and longitude. Select"Find&Jump" => "Jump to…" menu to display
dialog, and specify latitude and longitude.
You have an option to draw a mark at theplace after repositioning.
You can save the address with a name toreuse later, they will appear in a place menuof the dialog.
You may copy latitude and longitude insome web page and paste it to address field
here. Picture at right from USGS earthquake information pageshows address consists of latitude and longitude. Any nonnumeric characters are ignored but N, S, E, W. Refer to “Copy /Paste latitude & longitude” section.

Reposition map by searching user data string
You can search a user data by string in title or node comment, and reposition the map sothat the found data is positioned in the center of the window. Refer to "Find user data on themap" section.

Reposition map by dragging showing frame in Index window
You can reposition map to any place specified in Index panel by dragging showing frame.
Refer “Index Window” section.

Scrolling
Supports drag scrolling and scrolling by wheel mouse or scroll gesture on a track pad. You
can scroll one dot by pressing arrow keys. If retina display is used, scroll two pixels.
If DEM has geo address, you can rotate map horizontally around the world.
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Resize map window
You can set map window size by pixels. Select "View" => "Window size…" menu to display a
dialog, specify width and height. Those values are applied to actual map portion without window frame and title bar.
You can drag the resize box or one of edges to change window size as usual.

Showing address and elevation value
Move mouse on the map window with option key
pressing to show latitude, longitude and elevation at
the mouse point. Its elevation value is nearest cell value of DEM file or interpolated which you can select inPreferences.

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10.Save and Restore Working Set
There are two situations to save working set. One is for the automatic restoration at thestart-up. You can choose restoration occurs always or only when you had saved during previous session.
Another is the restoration when you want. Save working set with name, and restore it later.
You can save many working sets with names, e.g. one is for world wide map, others for local
maps, so that you can change maps easily with settings appropriate to DEM files.

Restoration at start-up
Specify behavior of this function in "Misc." tab of Preferences. Select one of “Always” or “Whensaved manually”. If “Always”, working set is always saved before you quit SimpleDEMViewer
automatically.
If not “Always”, select "Save working set…" under "File" menu to show “Save working set” dialog, save and quit program. You can continue the job instead of quitting.
Restoration will be activated automatically atnext start-up if status was saved. If you want toskip restoration, activate SimpleDEMViewer withshift key pressing. In this case, if not “Always”
restoration is deferred to next time.

Named saving and restoration
To save the working set, select "Save working
set…" under "File" menu, enter any name to referlater, and click save button.
Click little triangle at the right to show existing
names. If you select one of names in list, it will becopied to input field. Use it to overwrite or edit it
to other name. When a name in the list is selected,
you can remove it.
Saved names are listed in sub-menu of “Loadsaved working set” under the “File” menu.
Before loading saved working set, all DEMs, texture maps and user data are removed andpanorama view settings are reset to defaults. Alldata files are reloaded even if same data files are
used.

Objects to restore
Save read files and map drawing status, andrestore them at next time. Data and information to be restored are followings.
• DEM files• Texture maps
• User data
• Map position• Map scale• Selected rectangle
Followings are saved in named working set.
• Settings in the preference dialog except misc page. In the misc page, only “Base latitude” is saved.
• Contour settings.
• Layer settings of user data.

Notes
Settings in the preference dialog are not restored for start-up restoration, but always remain
between sessions.
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Only file pointers are saved for DEMs and texture files, they are read again at restoration
time. They should reside in the system, otherwise will be ignored.
User data are saved as user data files for each memo, route and area. Even if there are newor updated data not saved yet, program quits without alert. Those data also restored in nexttime, but you’d better to save those data to files before quit to avoid losing data.

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11. Index Window
Index window displays world map, shows area
displayed in main window. White rectangle frameshows area that displayed in main window. Index
window map shows also the area that DEMs areread with deep colors. This DEM region is always
rectangle that cover all read DEMs, then it includes
no DEM area.
Index window content will be rescaled and repositioned automatically when main window isrescaled or repositioned, so that white rectangle
always be placed at the.center of the window.
You can drag content map in the Index window temporarily. Drag map at outside of thewhite rectangle. It will be reset to default state when main window is redrawn.
Show / hide index window can be done by "Show / Hide Index window" under the "View"menu.
You can enlarge index window contents up to 32 times. "+" button extends twice and “-"button shrinks to half.
You can expand index window size up to twice each in width and height.
Index window is not available if DEM has no address.
You can change main window map position
using Index Window. To change map position, press mouse button inside of the whiteframe and drag it, release button where youwant to show in the main window.

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12. Scale Panel
When main window is front most, a scale panel appears.
Scale panel has two states, horizontal and vertical. If it is in horizontal state, the scale varies
depends on latitude at bottom side of the scale panel, and it shows distance along latitudeline. Horizontal scale is not available over 85 degree or under -85 degree area.
You can change state by click arc-arrow icon in the scale panel. You can show / hide scale
panel by “Show / Hide scale panel” under “View” menu.
Scale unit can be changed among "km" “mile” and "nautical mile" in the preference dialog.

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13. DEM Inspector
Showing cell values of DEM files
DEM inspector panel shows elevation values of 7 by 7 cells around the address start inspector there. The address is shown as “Mark address”. You can move range of showing cells byarrow keys or red arrow buttons on the panel. White rectangle frame appears on the map window, its inside area represents 7 by 7 cells. Red cross on the panel and on the main window
map represent mark address.
Each cell shows one of followings.
• number Elevation value. Integer or float depends on DEM format.
• sea
Sea area.
• voidVoid area.
• (n/a)Out of DEM coverage.

Change elevation values
Double click a cell in the dialog tochange an elevation value. To fix
changed value, enter tab or return
key, or click other cell.
Elevation value should be between -15000 and 15000 meters.
You can enter “sea” or “void” instead of elevation value.
Changes are temporary. Those
will be lost when quit program or
remove DEMs from program. Restore function does not maintain them. If you want to retain
them for future use you should export DEM as new DEM file.

Set all cells to the same value
You can set all 7 by 7 cells to the same elevation value. To set the value, double click bottom
left field, enter some elevation value and click"Set all cells" button.
You may use this function to flatten lake ( orsea ) surface.

Copy all cell values
Copy all 7 by 7 cell values as string data. It
has tab separator, so that you can paste to 7 by
7 cells in the sheet of Numbers.app.

Notes• Only base DEM is supported when several kinds of DEMs are read.
• Elevation values are shown as float number in meters when DEM file elevations are in feet.

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14. Export DEM File
Create new DEM file
Create a new DEM file from read DEMs, whole DEMs or some rectangle portion of DEMs. You
can create new large DEM file from many small DEMs, or create smaller DEM from part of large
DEM. Also, you can save amended DEMs changed in DEM Inspector. Output DEM file is always
bil format.
Only base DEMs can be used to create new DEM file. DEMs should be based on WGS84 or no
address DEMs, that means you cannot save old DEMs from GSI of Japan ( those file extensions
are one of TEM / SEM / MEM / LEM ).
Output DEM file format depends on source DEM but you can change bit width, that is 16 bits
integer or 32 bits floating point.

If DEM is based on UTM or other planes,
you can specify range by XY address likeas in the picture at right. If no address
DEM, range shows only XY addresses.

Operations
To show the dialog, select menu item
“Export DEM…” under the “File” menu.
If you have selected rectangle region previously, “Selected range” is on, otherwise“All DEM range" is on at beginning. You
can change it anytime.
Base DEM
Showing base DEM type.
Range
All DEM range Includes all base DEMs.
Selected range Includes rectangular region bounded by latitude and longitude or XY addresses.
Preferred format Set items in the box to source formats.
Type
Select bit width of output DEM file.
Sea level
Specify elevation value treated as sea, copied to SEALEVEL entry in the HDR file.
Void value
Specify elevation value treated as void data, copied to NODATA entry in the HDR file.
North-West / South-East
Shows rectangular region to create DEM file. 180 degree meridian should not be inside.
File sizeShows calculated output file size. If the size exceeds 2 Giga bytes limit, letters will be red.
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Click “Create” button to show save panel, specify name and place there. File extension is “bil”
always. Bil and HDR files will be created.

Notes• Output DEM file can’t exceeds 2 giga bytes.
• 180 degree meridian should not be inside.
• Byte order is Intel form ( LSB ) always.
• If selected range address does not match with DEM’s boundary address, they are adjusted automatically.

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15. User Data
You can make memos, routes and areas on themap. To create user data, start from pop-up menu
by ctrl+click on the map. You can save them as
files, read and show them later. You can passthose files some other person, so that they cansee your memos and other user data.
User data are categorized by "Kind" and "Layer".
10 Layers are provided, and they are identified bynumbers 0 to 9. You can create any Kind identified
by strings. You can control visibility of each user
data by Layer and Kind combination
User data cannot be shown and handling on themap of no address DEMs.

Memo data
Memos have a mark, title, address and comment. Mark and title are shown on the map. If you
double click on the memo, its contents will be shown in a separate window. You can configure
the memo data to display a picture or web page instead of contents dialog. 41 ready-mademarks are provided, and you can use custom marks up to 50.

Route data
You can create any route connecting place to place. Routes have a line, a title and nodecomments. You can set line kind ( solid line, dashed line, etc. ), colors and width.

Area data
Area data is bounded by lines connecting points. Area type is one of frame only, translucent,hatching, etc.. Title is shown in the center of the area.
You can read ArcInfo exported file (e00 format) as user route data.
You can read GPX format GPS data file to create user memo or route data.
You can read Placemarks as user data from KML files.

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16. Memo Data
About memo data
You can write memos link to an address ( latitude and longitude ). A memo consists of title,
kind, mark, address, contents and elevation.
Memos are shown on the map as a mark and title.
You can make titles maximum 3 lines, and can set
font and style.
Mark is drawn at the address and title are drawn
at the right of the mark. If memo has no mark, title is drawn as below-center of the first line of thetitle points the address.
Memos have "kind" and "layer" code. Visibility of memos on the map can be controlled by kind and layer
Kind
You can create new kind with any
stringLayer
A number, 0 - 9
Mark
Select one from prepared set. You can
add any mark up to 50.
If mark or title string is double-clicked,
memo content will be shown as next picture.
If url string is placed in the beginning of
the contents field as picture below, pointed
data ( html document, a picture or a movie file) will be shown instead of above dialog when doubleclicked. To show web page, you should turn it on in the
Memo preference dialog.

If DEM is no address type, you can't use memo data.
You can format strings in comments field with HTML
tags. Refer to section “Formatting contents with HTMLtags”.

Standard marks

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Create new memo
Place the mouse cursor at the address in the map window, and control+click to show context
menu, and select "Create memo". You can specify following items in the dialog.
Kind
Layer
Mark
Defaults button
Title

Select from menu, or input any words for new kind.
Select one between 0 and 9 from menu.
Select one from popup table.
Set mark, layer and string attributes to defaults for "kind".
Any string to be shown on the map in 3 lines. If title exceeds 3 lines, remains will be
included in the 3rd line.
Address
Latitude and longitude at the mouse point is set. Can be modified to any address.
Elevation
Elevation derived from DEM data of the above address is set. Can be modified to any value.
If elevation has no meaning or uncertain, specify -19999 or less.
String attributes Specify font, size, face, color and background for title string.
Comment
Any comment strings. If url string parsed with '<' and '>' exist at the beginning, pointed data
( html documents, pictures or movies ) will be shown when memo is double-clicked.
When dialog appear, kind, layer, mark and string-attributes fields are set to those of previous
one.

Create memos directly from picture files with GPS information
Drop picture files on the map window to create memos. If those picture files have exif GPS
information, memo data are created automatically. Those memos are created as followings.
• Kind and layer are set to those specified in "Memo preferences". Refer “Defaults of Memos”.
• Title is set to file name without extension.
• Mark and string attributes are set to defaults of the kind.
• Latitude, longitude and elevation are extracted from GPS information of the picture.
• Comment field contains url of the file and creation date from exif information.
GPS address datum should be WGS84 except Tokyo.
<AS note> Pictures should be placed in Memo Library. Even if pictures reside outside of Memo Library, Memo data willbe created and pictures can be shown until program terminates. Saved such Memo data could not show picture later.

Update memos
You can update each memo, or update common attributes of memos.

Update one memo
there are three ways to call dialog to update each memo.
• Double-click a memo on the map during option key pressed.
• Click "Edit" button on the memo-content-window displayed by double-click memo on the map.
• Select "Edit user data" under “User Data" menu. Select one memo in the list and click "Edit" button.

Update common attributes
Select "Edit user data" under “User Data" menu. Select memos and click "Set all" button. You
can update following attributes of every selected memos to same values.
• Kind• Layer• Mark• String attributes

Show picture or html pageIf url string parsed with '<' and '>' is placed at the beginning of contents field of memo,
pointed data ( html document, a picture or a movie file ) will be shown when memo is doubleclicked.
You have options to select destination to display those pictures or web pages. Options are• Always in SimpleDEMViewer window.
• Use web browser if those memo points web pages.
• Always use default application of the file to display such memo data.
"default application" is determined by it's file extension. It may be "safari" or "Preview".
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In the Memo tab of user data preferences dialog, you can specify this option.
Web site access is not allowed in default for security purpose. To allow it remove check from“Don't show web site” in user data preference.

Url forms"http:" and "file:" forms are available for url string. To point files in the library folder, specify
only sub portion under the library folder. Followings are examples. "Photos", "movies" and"hawaii.rtf" are placed at top level in the library folder.
Web page
Local picture file
Files in the Memo data library folder<http://www.abcd.co.jp/pages/123.html><file:///User/Name/Picture/abc.jpg><Photos/Fujisan.jpg><movies/Cities/tokyo.mov><hawaii.rtf>

Url auto collection
Although you can enter url string directly, it is easier that dragging file icon to the memo dialog. If the dialog accepts file icon, its url string will be written as above 2 or 3 depending on
where the file from.
If you drag & drop internet location file, the dialog takes pointed address instead of location
file itself.
If dropped picture file has GPS information, latitude / longitude / elevation are taken for the
dialog items. Also picture date ( not the GPS time ) will be placed in memo content.
ex) <file://photo001.jpg> Date(2006.02.02 15:20:30)

Window size
If pointed file is a picture or a movie file, SimpleDEMViewer get the appropriate window size
from the file, otherwise you can specify window
size with form of size= ( width, height ). For example<http://www.xyz.com/123park.html>
size=( 700, 600 )Formatting contents with HTML tags
You can use HTML tags to format strings in contents field. For example, <br>, <b></b>, <i></i>, <h1></h1>, <p></p> for each line break,bold, italic, header and paragraph. Any otherHTML tags are acceptable but external reference
to file or web site are ignored, and hyper links
could not work.
Memo contents display panel ( at right ) shows“HTML view” check box when contents strings include HTML tags. Uncheck it to display full text
including tags.
User Memo Edit Dialog shows full text of contents field always as right below picture. No WYSIWYG editing function available, so you should enter tags manually, or copy from some HTML editor.
If contents field text includes ‘<‘ and ‘>” characters even no HTML tags or no external reference
as described in previous section, some text disappear in contents field of display panel. In such a case uncheck “HTML view” check box.

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Pass memos to your friends
If you place memo content files in the memo data library, you can pass memo data with content data files to anyone using other Macs. If you place them outside of the library, it is difficult
to pass memo data to other users to see your memo data on other Macs. There is no problem
to pass memo data to other users if url points internet site or no url string specified.

Move memos
Memo can be moved from original position. You can specify memo address in the update dialog, or simply drag memo mark in the map window.
To drag memo mark, select memo by clicking memo on the map first, then drag memo mark.
If drag memo title, only the display position of title string will change without updating memo
address. This display position of title string can not be saved.
In a picture window ( such as Conical projection map ), memo mark can not be moved but
title string. If you drag title string to outside of the window, it is removed from the window.

Custom marks
Any png pictures can be used as a memo mark.
First, create a folder named "MemoMark" in the "Memo data library folder". Place your png
pictures there. Those pictures will be read by SimpleDEMViewer when it starts or library is selected, and will be displayed in the mark selection dialog.
Png picture file can have any file name but its file extension should be 'png'.
Picture size is free, however size of 64 x 64 pixels are recommended, because marks are always drawn in the 32 x 32 pixels rectangle.
Maximum number of custom marks is 50.

Defaults of memos
Define kinds and defaults of each kind, also define "Memo data library folder". Do "User Data
Preferences..." under “User Data” menu. Sequence of kinds in the list affects kind menu of thememo creation/update dialog.
New
RemoveRenameUp
Down
String attributes
Mark

Create new kind.
Remove a kind. Kinds used by memos cannot be removed.
Rename current one.
Move a kind upward.
Move kind downward.
Set default title string attributes for each kind.
Click mark icon to change default mark for each kind.

You can define defaults includes string attributes and mark for each kind when only one kindis selected in the list. These defaults are referred when "defaults" button in the create/update
memo dialog is clicked or when creating new memo first after program started.

Destination to display pictures and web pages• Shown in own window.
• Shown by web browser if web site is specified.
• Always shown by default application, such as Safari, Preview, etc..
"default application" is determined from file name extension by system.

Data library folder for user memo
Choose a folder to save data to be displayed as memo data content.

Defaults for creating memo data by drag & drop
Select a kind and layer number as default values for new memo data creation by drag & dropa picture file.

37SimpleDEMViewer

Memo data library folder
A folder for files referred by memo data content field, and for custom marks. You can specify
any folder in the memo preferences dialog. Default is no library.
"MemoMark" folder containing custom marks should reside in this folder. Memo content files
may be placed in this folder without folder structural restrictions.

Read KML file as Memo Data
There are many type of data exist in KML ( and KMZ ) file, only simple Placemark with one
Point is converted to one User Memo Data. Refer to KML Data section.

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17. Route Data
About route data
You can plot a route on the map window. A
route has a line, title and node comments. You
can specify line type, color and width. Title andnode comments can have 3 lines. Font, size,style and color for those strings can be set.
If line segment length between nodes is longer
than 150 km, it is drawn as a great circle, otherwise it is straight line on the screen.
Picture at right shows sample route data on a
Orthographic projection map using ETOPO5.
Line types are solid line, broken line, chain
line, dotted line. Any colors are set to lines. Line thickness can be set from menu between 0.5
and 3.0 points.
Routes have "kind" and "layer". Visibility of each route on the map can be controlled by kindand layer.
Kind
You can create new kind with any string.
Layer
A number, 0 - 9.
You can create any kinds, and can delete them. They will be in kind menu.
If DEMs have no address info you can't use route data.
Route data is not restricted to route, but can be used as such rivers, administrative boundaries.

Create new route data
To begin plotting new route, position mouse to an end of the route on the map. Do ctrl+click
there, and select "Create route" from the context menu. Therefore a red line drawn from startpoint to mouse. Click mouse at the nodes, and double-click at the end node. If you click with
option key, the node may have comment. If you make click on a string, any user data string,
the string's address will be node address instead of mouse position, and the string itself is set
to node comment. You can cancel last node by Esc key.
Creation dialog will appear after double-click, enter title, comments, line and string attributes as following list. You can modify each node address, and even add or delete nodes in the
dialog.
Kind
Layer
Defaults
Title
Line attributes- Color- Type- Thickness
Title attributes
Comment attributes
Number of nodes
Mileage
Node selection- top- prev. commented- previous- lastSelect from menu, or input any words for new kind.
Select one between 0 and 9 from menu.
Set layer, line and string attributes to defaults for "kind".
Any string to be shown on the map in 3 lines. If title exceeds 3 lines, remains will be
included in the 3rd line.
Any colors from color picker dialog. Click color pane to show color picker panel. You
can specify opacity.
Select a line type from menu.
Select thickness of the line from menu.
String attributes for title on the map. Refer String attributes.
String attributes for node comments on the map. Refer String attributes.
Shows number of nodes in the route, including both ends.
Total length of routes calculated on the assumption that the earth is ideal sphere withradius of 6380 km.
Select node to display details.
Show start node.
Show previous node that has comment. If there is no commented node, show startnode.
Show previous node.
Show end node.
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SimpleDEMViewer- next commented- nextNode information- ( comment )- Latitude & Longitude- Elevation

Add node after this node
Delete this node
CancelCreateShow next node that has comment. If no commented node exist, show end node.
Show next node.
Any string to be shown on the map in 3 lines. If comment exceeds 3 lines, remains
will be included in the 3rd line.
Showing node address of each node. Value can be modified.
Elevation derived from DEM data of the above address is set. Can be modified to any
value.
If elevation has no meaning or uncertain, specify -19999 or less.
Create new node between current node and next node. New node will be shown.
Delete current node. Previous node will be shown.
Cancel creation of this route data.
Create this route data. Show it on the map.

When dialog appears, kind, layer, tile and comment attributes fields are set to those of previous one.

Update route data
You can update each route, or update common attributes of route data.

Update one route data
There are two ways to call dialog to update each route data.
• Double-click a route title or comment on the map during option key pressed. If it is done on one of thenode comments, the node will be shown on the dialog.
• Select "Edit user data" under “User Data" menu. Select one route data in the list and click "Edit" button.
You can drag each node on the map to update its position. To start drag-editing mode, double click one of the string on the map during option and shift key are pressed. You can draglittle black dot shown on each node. To finish drag-editing mode, click any point on the map
other than those dots. Without entering drag editing mode, you can drag any node with option
button pressing directly.

Update common attributes
Select "Edit user data" under “User Data" menu. Select routes and click "Set all" button. You
can update following attributes of every selected routes.
• Kind• Layer• Line attributes• Title attributes• Comment attributes

Defaults for route data
Define kinds and defaults for each kind. Do “User Data Preferences…” under “User Data”
menu. Sequence of kinds in the list affects kind menu sequence of the route creation or update
dialog.
New
RemoveRenameUp
Down
Attributes- Title attributes- Comment attributes- Line color- Line width- Type of line

Create new kind.
Remove a kind. Kinds used by memos cannot be removed.
Rename current one.
Move a kind upward.
Move a kind downward.
Following attributes are set as defaults for each kind.

You can define defaults for each kind when only one kind is selected in the list. These defaults are referred when "defaults" button in the create/update route data dialog is clicked.
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Read e00 files as user route data
e00 file contains Arc/Info interchange form data. SimpleDEMViewer reads e00 file and extract
line data as user route data.
To read e00 file, do "Open" under "File" menu.
The file name will be "Kind" name of the user rout data. Data names have letters "Arc" follows
by sequence number.All line and string attributes are fixed values, although you can change
any attributes after reading with user data editing functions.
• Ignore all e00 file if it has no ARC data.
• Even if file contains area data, only boundaries are treated as routes.
• Datum should be WGS84.

Read KML file as Route Data
There are many type of data exist in KML ( and KMZ ) file, simple Placemarks with “LineString”
will be converted to User Route Data. Refer to KML Data section.

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18. Area Data
About area data
Area data is a surface of the earth, bounded by points
with addresses. Each area data has pattern and title
showed on the map. The pattern is one of frame only,translucent, hatching ( vertical, horizontal, right up,
right down lines ). Any color can be used for thosepatterns. Title string has maximum 3 lines, and font,size, style and colors are specifiable.
Area data have "kind" and "layer" code. Visibility ofeach area data on the map can be controlled by kindand layer.
kind : You can create new kind with any string.
Layer : A number between 0 and 9.
Several kinds are prepared as defaults, but you can create any kinds, and can remove preparedones.
If DEMs have no address info you can't use area data.
Area data with holes are supported only when creating from external files such as KML. Can
not create new Area data with holes by this program, and can not edit holes edge position.

Create new area data
To begin plotting new area, position mouse to an edge of the area on the map. Do ctrl+click
there, and select "Create area" from the context menu. Therefore a red line drawn from startpoint to mouse. Click mouse at the nodes, and double-click at the end node. If you click on
any user data string, the string's address will be node address instead of mouse position. You
can cancel last node by Esc key.
Creation dialog will appear after double-click, enter title, line and string attributes as following list.
Kind
Layer
Defaults
Title
Pattern
Color
Title attributes
Area size
CancelCreateSelect from menu, or input any words for new kind.
Select one between 0 and 9 from menu.
Set layer, line and string attributes to defaults for "kind".
Any string to be shown on the map in 3 lines. If title exceeds 3 lines, remains will be included inthe 3rd line.
Select an area pattern from menu.
Frame only, Translucent, Dots, Hatchings ( Horizontal, Vertical, right up, right down )Any colors from color picker dialog. Click color pane to show color picker dialog.
String attributes for title on the map. Refer String attributes.
Area size calculated on the assumption that the earth is ideal sphere with radius of 6380 km.
Cancel creation of this area data.
Create this area data. Show it on the map.

When dialog appears, kind, layer, area type, color and title attributes fields are set to those ofprevious one.
Addresses show far sides of area data.

Update area data
You can update each area, or update common attributes of area data.

Update one area data
There are two ways to call dialog to update each area data.
• Double-click an area tile on the map during option key pressed.
• Select "Edit user data" under “User Data" menu. Select one area data in the list and click "Edit" button.
You can drag each edge node on the map to update its position. To start drag-editing mode,
double click title string on the map during option and shift key are pressed. You can drag little black dot shown on each node. To finish drag-editing mode, click any point on the map
42SimpleDEMViewer

other than those dots. Without entering drag editing mode, you can drag any node with option
button pressing directly.

Update common attributes
Select "Edit user data" under “User Data" menu. Select area data and click "Set all" button.
You can update following attributes of every selected area data.
• Kind• Layer• Area pattern and color• Title attributes

Defaults for area data
Define kinds and defaults for each kind. Do “User Data Preferences…” under “User Data”
menu. Sequence of kinds in the list affects kind menu sequence of the area creation or update
dialog.
New
RemoveRenameUp
Down
Attributes- Title attributes- Area pattern- colorCreate new kind.
Remove a kind. Kinds used by memos cannot be removed.
Rename current one.
Move a kind upward.
Move a kind downward.
Following attributes are set as defaults for each kind.

You can define defaults for each kind when only one kind is selected in the list. These defaults are referred when "defaults" button in the create/update route data dialog is clicked.

Read KML file as Area Data
There are many type of data exist in KML ( and KMZ ) file, simple Placemarks with Polygon
will be converted to User Area Data. Refer to KML Data section.

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19.

GPX Data as User Memo and RouteGPX format GPS data includes waypoint / route / track data. Reading GPX file to create user
memo or route data depends on them. Read the file using ‘Open’ under the File menu.
Addresses always be treated as WGS84. If elevation data exists, it will be copied as eachpoint elevation. Its unit should be meter.
Kind of user data is always “GPX”. If it is not exist already, one created automatically. If exists, all attributes of user data are copied from it. Layer is set to 0 (zero) always. If you want
to use different marks depends on data, you should change individually or change all in edit
user data dialog. Save them as user data file if needed.

Memo data
Convert waypoint (WPT) data to memo data. Kind is always ‘GPX’. You can change the kindanytime after reading to any kind as normal User Memo data.
Waypoint’s name attributes is copied to title field of memo data. If no name attributes, title
will be file name plus serial number in the file. <time>, <magvar>, <cmt>, <desc> attributes
are copied to content field.

Route data
Convert route (RTE) data and track (TRK) data to user route data. Kind is always ‘GPX’. You
can change the kind anytime after reading to any kind as normal User Route data.
If track data, each segment is converted to one user route data.
Name attributes is copied to title field of user route data. If no name attributes, title will be
file name plus serial number in the file.
When ‘rte’, if each point has ‘name’ attribute, it is copied to node comment field. If no‘name’, copy ‘cmt’ or ‘time’ attribute.
When ‘TRK’, if each point has ‘time’ attribute, it is copied to node comment field. If no ‘time’
attribute, copy ‘name’ or ‘cmt’ attribute.

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20.

KML Data as User Memo / Route / Area Data

There are many type of data exist in KML ( and KMZ ) file, only simple Placemarks are supported, other data are ignored. Convert “Point” data to User Memo data, “LineString” to User
Route data, “Polygon” to User Area data. Refer some style attributes for label, line and polygon, but may not all attributes are converted to user data attributes, for example, polygons aretreated as earth surface area always, extrude option is ignored.

Common items• User data kind will be set “KMLPlaceMark” always. It will be created automatically if not exist. If it exists, its attributes will be applied.
• Name entry in KML file is set to user data title field. If one Placemark contains many LineStrings or
Polygons, all route or area data has same ‘name’.
• Layer of user data is 0 always.
• If altitudeMode is ‘clampToGround’, elevation value will be ‘none’, even other than ‘clampToGround’, if altitudeis 0 set to ‘none’ also. For polygons ignore altitude and extrude option.
• Supports KMZ file that has only one KML file. If cannot read, unzip it previously and read it.
• You can change any attributes of read data, and save them as user data file for later use.

Memo data• One point data is converted to one memo data.
• Kind of memo is “KMLPlacemark” and layer is always 0. If kind “KMLPlacemark” exists already, markand title string attributes are taken from it. If the kind is created automatically, mark will be White Flag.
• If label style exists color and size are taken for title attributes.
• Content field of memo data is set to strings of “description”. If ‘description has “CDATA”, its content is
set to memo content field, so that if it contains HTML structure, its formatting is applied, but hyper link
will not work.
• Icon style is ignored always.

Rout data• One lineString data is converted to one route data.
• Kind of route data is “KMLPlacemark”. If route kind “KMLPlacemark” exists already, title string attributes, line-type, line-width, line-color are taken from it. If Label style and line style are set in KML file, label color, label size, line width and line color are taken from it.

Area data• One polygon data is converted to one area data.
• Kind of area data is “KMLPlacemark”. If area kind “KMLPlacemark” exists already, title string attributes
and area-color are taken from it. If Label style is set in KML file, label color, label size are taken from it.
Area pattern is “Translucent” if fill option is set in KML file, otherwise it will be “Frame only”.
• Alpha value of polygon color is ignored.
• Extrude option and altitude are ignored always, since user area data clamps to earth surface always.

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21. Common Features of User Data
Show / Hide user data
You can control visibility of each user data on the map using kind and layer. You can set
each layer's visibility depending on map scale.
To set visibility control, display dialog by "Show/Hide user data" under "User Data" menu.
You can set visibility for kinds and layers independently. Each user data will be shown on the
map when its visibility is set to "show" for both Kind and Layer.

by Kind
Following object's visibility can be set for each kind of data type.
• Data itself• Title• Node comment for routeby Layer
Layer setting is applied to all memo, route and area data. Two type of setting are available.
One is just show / hide each layer, another is depending on map scale. Latter is optional.
User data are visible when both are set to "show".
Visibility range is set by slider, drag edge of each slider to desired scale on the dialog.

String attributes
Specify following attributes in separate dialog. Defaults for each kind can be set by preferences ( memo / route / area ) for each user data.

Font
Size
Style
Letter color
Background transparency
Background color

Select a font using Font panel.
Specify font size between 5 and 256 points.
Specify bold, italic and shadow.attributes.
Specify any color for letters.
Specify whether background is transparent or opaqueSpecify color of opaque background. You can specify
opacity in color picker panel.

You can use 'Font Panel' to specify font, size. If you use 'Font Panel', 'italic' will be cleared.
Example of transparency.

Save / Read user data
You can save all memos, routes or areas ( created or read in a session ) or data for selected
kinds as a file. Do "Save user data" under "File" menu to save them with any name anywhere.
File extension are set to "jzmemo", "jzrout" or "jzarea".
Alert dialog will appear when attempt to quit program without saving new or updated user
data and “Restoration working set” function is not set to “Always”.
To read user data file, do "Open" under "File" menu. You can double click user data file, ordrop them on to application icon to read them. You can read old type data, their extensions
are “sdmemo”, “sdrout” and “sdarea” used by previous version.
Saving user data always creates new file, no update. You can make new file has same nameas existing file to replace it.

Edit User Data
You can edit individual data or group of data selected from a table, and also remove a data orgroup of data. You can edit any fields of a data, or common fields of a group.

46SimpleDEMViewer

Show data in a table
Select "Edit user data…" under “User Data” menu to display the table filled with user data.
Table shows kind, layer, name, latitude and longitude. Data sequence is selectable by any
fields. For route and area data, latitude and longitude show center address of the bounding
rectangle.
You can select data group appearing in the table using menus.
- Show memo, route or area data.
- Show all kinds or one kind.
- Show all layers or one layer.

Change all
Select one or plural data and click "Change all" button. You can edit following fields.
memo
route
area

kind, layer, mark, name string attributes.
kind, layer, line attributes, name and comment string attributes.
kind, layer, pattern attributes, name string attributes.

Edit individual data
Select one data and click "Edit" Button. Edit dialog will appear and you can edit any fields.
You can double-click on the data in the table to invoke editing.

Remove data
Select one or plural data and click "Remove" button to remove them. Alert dialog shows countof data to remove. This operation is just removing them from memory, no affection to the file
on a disk.

Search data
Enter some string into search field, then those data that have the string in the title field will
be shown in the table.

Export data
Export User Data currently shown in the table, depending on Data Type,.Kind, Layer andsearch result. Refer next section.

Find user data on the map
Any user data can be searched by sub-string of title or node comment shown on the map.
Found user data (mark or node ) are positioned at center of the window.
To search user data, show dialog by "Find..." under "Find&Jump" menu, enter some string tofind and click "Find" button. To search next data that has same sub-string, do "Find next" under "Find&Jump" menu.
User data its position is out of the DEM data range can be searched, but cannot do searchwhen no DEM data is read.

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22.Export / Import User Data to / from Text File
You can export User Memo / Route / Area Data to text files, and import from text files.
Those text files make available to use User data by other programs, and vise versa.
Memo Data text file format is TSV ( Tab Separated Variable ), so that you can check and edit
them in table layout with application “Numbers”. Other two are normal text files. TSV is also
just a text file using tab character as a field separator.
String attributes are not exported nor imported. When importing, if “Kind” is predefined in
the User Data Preferences, those predefined attributes are applied. If you want, you can set
string attributes by “Change All” function in the Edit User Data dialog.

ExportPress Export button in the User Data Edit Table described in the previous section. All data
shown in table are written into one file. File extensions are fixed to TSV, ROUT, AREA for eachMemo, Route and Area data respectively.
You have following options in the file saving dialog.
Address form
In degrees or in degrees.minutes.seconds.
Number of Decimals for elevation integer, 1 or 2.

ImportSelect “Import User Data…” under the User Data menu to read text user data file. File extensions should be TSV, ROUT or AREA for each Memo, Route and Area data respectively.

Text file format
All files should match followings.
• Text encoding is always UTF-8.
• Ignore lines as comment if first character in the line is semi-colon (;).
• If title or comment in Route and Area.data include spaces, enclosed them with double
quotation marks.
• If any string such as title and content has line break characters, change them to \r or \n.

User Memo Data
Write out following items, and read them.
Title
Copy except line break character replaced by \n.
Kind
Copy.
Layer
Integer number, 0 ~ 9.
Mark
Number or mark name. Numbers for standard marks showed in Mark selection panel as tips.
Flags are Flag1 ~ Flag5. User marks are their file names.
Latitude and longitude
Latitude and longitude use each field, if D.M.S form is specified degrees, minutes and seconds
use each field.
Elevation
Integer or decimals in meters. “(n/a)” is written if data has no elevation value. -20000 is
acceptable as no value for input.
Content
Copy except line break character replaced by \n.
Example. ( ⇥ is tab character. );Title⇥Kind⇥Layer⇥Mark⇥Latitude⇥Longitude⇥Elevation⇥Contents
Tokyo\n東京⇥City⇥0⇥35⇥35.68333333⇥139.75000000⇥(n/a)⇥Capital city of Japan.\nPopulation: 9 millions.
London⇥City⇥0⇥35⇥51.50000000⇥0.00000000⇥(n/a)⇥Capital of United Kingdom.\nPopulation: 7 millions.

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Picture below is screen shot of Numbers.app.

User Route Data
• First line except comment should specify address form.
• Datum is WGS84 always.
• One route data consists of a header line, a node header line, many node lines and a node
trailer line. One file contains many routes data.
• The header line should begin with the key word "Route=", and specify route data attributes
such as title, kind, layer, line attributes. Title and kind are required for every route data. If
any other item is omitted, it will be the default values. If Kind is defined already in User
Data Preferences, omitted items and string attributes are set to those predefined values.
< Examples >; Running courses
AddrForm= D
Route= "Our city marathon", Kind= "Running course", LineColor= red, Width= 1.5
Nodes_Begin
Addr= ( 36.0123456, 139.33333 ), Elev= 456, Comment= "Start"
Addr= ( 36.0123456, 139.33375 ), Elev= 467 )…
Addr= ( 36.0123444, 139.3340 ), Elev= 499 Comment= "water"…
Addr= ( 36.0123400, 139.33433 ), Elev= 555, Comment= "Goal"
Nodes_End
Address forms
AddrForm= form
The form is one of followings.
D
D.M.S

in degrees
separated by period

ex.)
ex.)

145.3254028
145.25.31.45

Route header line forms
Key words
Route= Kind= Layer= Line= LineColor= Width=
First two key words are required. Route= should be the first item and Kind= is the second.
Other items can be specified in any order.
Route=
Specify the title of this route, enclosed in double quotes. This will be shown in the map.
Kind=
Specify kind, enclosed in double quotes.
Layer=
Specify layer number between 0 and 9.
Line=
Specify line type with following key words.
normal / dashed / dotandline / dots
Width=
Specify line width in points between 0.5 and 30.0.
LineColor=
Specify line color on the map by RGBA color components or color name. For RGBA color
components, specify each red, green, blue, alpha values between 0 and 1.0 enclosed in parenthe49SimpleDEMViewer

ses. The alpha value 1 is opaque, 0 means transparent. Supported color names are white, black,
red, green and blue.
ex.)
Color= ( 1, 0, 0, 1 )Color= white
Node header line forms
Specify "Nodes_Begin" only.
Node line forms
Key words
Addr= Elev= Comment=
Addr= is required and should be the first item. Others are optional.
Addr=

Elev=
Comment=

Specify latitude and longitude in this order putting parentheses around them. If south latitude, orwest longitude, put minus sign before the value.
ex.)
Addr= ( -41.0123, 173.5000 )Specify elevation in meter. If elevation is not available or applicable, specify less than or equalto -19999 meter. If omit this key word, it has no elevation data instead of copy previous data.
Specify node comment, enclosed in double quotes.
ex.)Comment= "Check point 1"

Node trailer line forms
Specify "Nodes_End" only.
Defaults
If Kind is predefined in the User Data Preferences, Line=, Width= and LineColor= are set tothose predefined values.
Layer=
0Line=
normalWidth=
1.5
LineColor=
red
Elev=
No elevation value for the node.

User Area Data
• First line except comment should specify address form.
• Datum is WGS84 always.
• One area data has a header line, a node header line, many node lines and a node trailer
line.
• The header line should begin with the key word "Area=", and specify Area data attributes
such as title, kind, layer and pattern. Title and kind are required for every Area data. If any
other item is omitted, it will be the default values. If Kind is defined already in User Data
Preferences, omitted items and string attributes are set to those predefined values.
• Node header line has a key word "Nodes_Begin" only.
• Node lines specify each node address.
• Node trailer line has a key word "Nodes_End" only.
< Sample >; User Area Data
AddrForm= D
Area= "ABC National Park", Kind= "National park", Pattern= translucent, AreaColor= red
Nodes_Begin
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Addr= ( 36.012456, 139.33333 )Addr= ( 36.012344, 139.3340 )Addr= ( 36.012400, 139.33433 )Addr= ( 36.012302, 139.33421 )Nodes_End
Address forms
AddrForm= form
The form is one of followings.
D
D.M.S

in degrees
separated by period

ex.)
ex.)

145.3254028
145.25.31.45

Area header line forms
Key words
Area= Kind= Layer= Pattern= AreaColor=
First two key words are required. Area= should be the first item and Kind= is the second.
Other items can be specified in any order.
Area=
Kind=
Layer=
Pattern=
AreaColor=

Specify the title of this area data enclosed in double quotes. It will be shown in the map.
Specify kind enclosed in double quotes.
Specify layer number between 0 and 9.
Select pattern by key word below.
frame, translucent, dots, horizontal, vertical, rightUp, rightDown
Specify line color on the map by RGBA color components or color name. For RGBA color
components, specify each red, green, blue, alpha values between 0 and 1.0 enclosed in parentheses. The alpha value 1 is opaque, 0 means transparent. Supported color names are white, black,
red, green and blue.
ex.)
AreaColor= ( 1, 0, 0, 1 )ex.)
AreaColor= green

Node header line forms
Specify Node_Begin only.
Node line forms
Specify one address entry only.
Addr=

Specify latitude and longitude in this order putting parentheses around them. If south latitude, orwest longitude, put minus sign before the value.
ex.)
Addr= ( 34.333333, -145.2333333 )

Node trailer line forms
Specify Node_End only.
Defaults
If Kind is predefined in the User Data Preferences, Pattern= and AreaColor= are set to thosepredefined values.
Layer=
0Pattern=
dots
AreaColor=red51SimpleDEMViewer

23. Texture Mapping
Any pictures can be used as texture of geo-surface, notonly for the plane map but also for Bird's-eye views, StereoGraphs, Panorama views and any projection maps. Targets
are satellite images such as Landsat, aerial photographs,
land use maps, topographic maps and others. The picture atright uses a Landsat image.
To use texture, show a dialog from "Texture maps..." underthe "Tools" menu. In this dialog you can• Read any picture file to use as texture.
• Remove those pictures.
• Define addresses of four corners.
• Set transparency.
If read picture is GeoTiff, created by LSMixer3, world fileattached or topographic maps from GSI of Japan, corner addresses are set automatically. Those texture are treated as "has native address". World fileshould be in Latitude and Longitude.
(Note : LSMixer3 is included in SimpleDEMViewer 3.9.5 package)<AS note> Topographic maps from GSI of Japan is treated as normal picture, since can not recognize
control file.

Setting Dialog
List of texture• File names of textures are listed.
• If texture coverage overlapped each other,
the texture upper in this list is used.
Names can be dragged to change its order. If one of the texture is applied, othertexture is not applied even if its opacity isless than 100 %.
• Turn off "Draw" check box to suspend useof the texture.
Read• Click to read a picture file to use as a texture.
Remove• Remove selected file from texture list.
Show Pict• Show picture of selected texture in a separate window temporarily.
Corner addresses• If a texture is selected in the texture list, its
content and settings are shown here.
• Only north-west and south-east corners
can be set when the check box "Bounds
by Latitude and Longitude" is checked.
• Specify Latitude and Longitude even if thepicture has UTM addresses.
• You cannot define the texture range that
contains south pole or north pole inside.
Parallel to Latitudes and Longitudes• Check if bounds are parallel to each axes
to faster drawing. If the texture has UTM
or other plane address, cannot check this.
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Use region• Specify texture is full opaque or having transparent portion.
• Check "Except white" if the texture is topographic map with white background.
• Check "Except black" if the Landsat picture has black boundaries.
Opacity
Specify opacity in percentage. If 100 %, color of the texture is taken to draw. If it is less than
100 %, mixed with the elevation color.
Fitting on the map• Show picture on the map window and place it to appropriate position.
• You can drag whole or each corner, extend or shrink whole picture.
See below for operations.
Reset to data native address• Ignore any change to the corner addresses and set native addresses if the texture has them.
Change projection plane
If the texture map has address specified by world file or GeoTiff and it is based on UTM orother planes, you can change zone number anytime after reading for correction.
Use antialiasing• Check to use antialiasing for every texture mapping.
Apply texture on the sea and lakes• Check to apply texture mapping on the sea and lake surface.
Apply shading• Specify do or not do shading on the textured portion. Sometimes it is better not do shading if the texture has shade natively such as Landsat picture or aero-photographs.

Fitting on the map window
If you feel it difficult to enter four addresses directly,
you can show texture on the map temporarily and place
it correct position by dragging.
When you click "Fitting on the map" button, the dialog
disappear and texture will be placed on the center ofthe map window, or at accurate place if addresses are
already set. You can drag whole texture or drag eachcorner independently. You can expand or shrink texture
coverage by clicking buttons in console panel.
Though main menu are inactive during this operation,
you can expand, shrink or move the map by context
menu, and can drag or scroll it.
You can do following operations from console panel.
Expand / Shrink• Expand the coverage of texture 1.1 times or shrink it by 1.1.
Transparency ( Slider )• Set texture's translucent rate during this operation to clear
the position.
• Transparent portion of the texture is drawn as translucent black.
Cancel• Cancel the positioning operation.
Done• Quit positioning operation and use result.

Console panel

World file
World file for texture map uses all 6 lines unlike one for DEM files. Letters a to f in the picture
at right represent value of each line. The frame in the picture represents top left corner pixel.
Line 1. ( a ) : Horizontal offset to right pixel.
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Line 2. ( b ) : Vertical offset to right pixel.
Line 3. ( c ) : Horizontal offset to below pixel.
Line 4. ( d ) : Vertical offset to below pixel.
Line 5. ( e ) : Horizontal coordinate at the center of the
top left pixel.
Line 6. ( f ) : Vertical coordinate at the center of the top
left pixel.
‘a’ has plus value always.
‘b’ and ‘c’ have minus value when slope down to right as
this picture, plus value when down to left. Both are zero
when picture is parallel to the axes.
‘d’ has minus value always.
All six values are in degrees or seconds if Geo addressing, otherwise in meters.

SampleA sample at right is a picture of letters with white background and red frame. Specifying white is transparent, andapplied it to panorama view. If you use texture maps
with white space like this sample or topographic map,
use tiff or png format, otherwise letters and lines are
not clear especially with jpeg format.

Notes• Always specify addresses by Latitude and Longitude even
if its native address is UTM or other planes.
• Alert will be display and cannot quit the dialog if you havenot set addresses for all textures. If you cannot set them,remove them, or set temporary addresses using fitting-on-the-map function.
• Datum of GeoTiff is ignored,.always assumed as WGS84.
• Specified information will be saved with file name. When reading a texture file, stored information will
be shown. If information exists for the name but picture sizes are different, they are treated as different
file, and old information will be cleared.
• If a texture map has named planeID addressing, saved information may be changed invalidly if you
manage several named plane IDs and change sequence or add plane IDs. Such a case, you should
select plane ID again.

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24. Select Rectangle Region
Any rectangle region on the main window can be specified for making bird's-eye views,
stereographs, and saving map picture, or set range to search highest or lowest elevations.
• Select "Select rectangle region..." from the context menu on the map, and move mouse cursor to makerectangle and click to define it.
• You can drag the frame of selected rectangle on the map window to adjust it.
• You can specify rectangle region with longitude and latitude. Go "Rectangle region..." under “Tools”
menu to show setting dialog.
• To clear the selection, show above dialog and click clear button.

Picture at right is dialog for no address DEMs.
All values are set in meters.
Four numbers outside of red rectangle show
range of read DEM(s).

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25. Copy / Paste Latitude and Longitude
You can copy and paste latitude and longitude as a text string during address control is focused in "Jump to address" dialog, "Memo" dialog and other dialogs. You can copy address on
the main window at mouse point, use context menu to copy. You can select copied text format from proprietary format and two floating numbers in Preferences.
Those text addresses are treated as "WGS-84" .

Text format
Proprietary format• 'LW ' at start, latitude and longitude follow it.
• First character of latitude is 'N' or 'S' for north or south, 'E' or 'W' for longitude.
• Periods separate degrees, minutes and seconds.
ex)
LW N30.15.25.0 E111.10.30.0
LW S23.10.0 W44.50.10
ISO 6709±DD.DDDD±DDD.DDDD

degrees±DDMM.MMM±DDDMM.MMM

degrees and minutes±DDMMSS.SS±DDDMMSS.SS

degrees, minutes and seconds

ex)+26-110-45.66666+15.25-4540+1515-4540.000+1515.000+364533.000-1293636.333
Two floating numbers±dd.dddd ±ddd.ddd+ sign can be omitted. Latitude first.
ex)38.33333 141.0123333+42 142.666666-65.3333-23.456666
Two floating numbers and direction characters
Cdd.dddd Cddd.dddd or dd.ddddC ddd.ddddC
C is one of 'N' or 'S' for latitude, 'W' or 'E' for longitude. Any characters between them are ignored.
ex)
N33 E123
33N 123E
S5.11111 W99.5
E133.5678 N23.45678
Latitude 36.3333N Longitude 111.2345E
Two number strings each has tow or three periods
Parts separated by period are treated as degrees, minutes and seconds from first.
e.g.
33.26.30 137.40.15,
33.26.30.123 137.40.15.789
These are translated to
33 26 30 137 40 15,
33 26 30.123 137 40 15.789
After this translation, they are treated as six numbers as described in next section.

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Various strings that contain some numbers
If it has three numbers, ignore third number and apply one of above.rules.
If it has four or six numbers and various characters, following steps are applied.
• Replace words ‘North’, ‘South’, ‘West’, ‘East’ to a character N, S, W, E respectively.
Replace characters 北, 南, 西, 東 to a character N, S, W, E respectively.
•

Replace all characters other than numbers, +, -. . (period), N, S, W, E, to space ignoring letter case. Control characters are replaced to space also.
• Separate four or six numbers at the center to two groups. Each group are treated as an address of degrees and minutes or degrees, minutes and seconds.
• If there are characters of N, S, W or E, decide which one is latitude or longitude depends ontheir position. If no those characters is found, first group should be latitude.
e.g.
+23.456789 -123.456789 2345.6 m
N34°19'06.8" E131°34'05.0"
34:12:55 West 35:46:12.123 South
緯度34°19'06.8" 経度131°34'05.0"
東経135度1分２.567秒

北緯33度21分33.4秒

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26. Show Place on External Map
You can show the place pointed in the main window on Apple’s “Maps” or “Google map” onsafari. Internet connection is required.
In the main window show context menu at some place and select “Show this place in Maps.app” or “Google map”, then the place is shown in them. Maps or safari is activated automatically if not active.

Show by “Maps”
Activates Maps if not activated, and set center to the place, and shows a pin icon there. Set
appropriate scale depends on scale of SimpleDEMViewer.

Show by Google map
Activate safari ( or your default browser ) if not activated, access Google map and set center
to the place. Set appropriate scale depends on scale of SimpleDEMViewer.

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27. Measuring Milage
You can measure milage between two place along any
route on the map.
To begin measuring, position mouse to start point on themap. Show context menu and select "Measure milage". Thena red line drawn from start point to mouse cursor and show
milage near cursor.
Click mouse button at some points to fix the route, anddouble-click to finish measuring. If you click on any user
data string, the string's address will be used instead ofmouse position. You can cancel last node by Esc key.

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28. Find Highest or Lowest Elevation
Find highest or lowest elevation point among the read DEMs. You can select search range
from "Rectangle region", "Window region", or "Whole data". Result are shown in a small information window and a red-round-arrow on the map window. You can copy address and elevation value as a text string from the information window.
Result elevation is raw value in the DEM file, not interpolated one.

Operation• Choose "Find highest or lowest…" under "Tools" menu to show dialog.
• Select highest or lowest, select range and click "Find" button.
• Found point showed by red-round arrow on the map window, and information window displays details.
If the point is out side of the window, map will be redrawn, so that the point sits in the center.
Results
Elevation
Address

DEM file name
Position in DEM

Shows raw value in the DEM in meters.
Shows Latitude and Longitude. If there are many same elevation points, address of firstfound point will be set.
If the DEM has no address, will be blank.
DEM file name includes the point.
XY coordinate in the DEM file. The upper left corner is ( 0, 0 ).

Click “Copy address" in result panel to copy strings to clip board includes the address andthe elevation. DMS or DD format depends on setting in Preferences.

String example
DMS
DD

LW N33.10.15.33 W100.55.11.01 3770 m
25.1234567 -96.8765432 1234 m

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29. Contours
You can draw contour lines on the map in main window withor without index lines. You can select interval and its colors.
Contour lines are drawn on the map once when you click thedraw-contour button, and disappear when map is redrawn orscrolled.
With retina screen, and with specifing double density fordrawing main window, contour width will be half, and takes
four times longer.
Contour lines are drawn on the main window map and can besaved as pictures, and drawn on the projection maps. In thosecases, contour settings are the same as for main window.
Contour on the main window is drawn as dot by dot always,
but you can select line mode for saving main window map andprojection maps, so that some draw software, such as Adobe
Illustrator, can treat contour as lines. In this case you canspecify line width. Drawing contour in line mode takes time
much longer. Refer “Line mode” section below.

Settings
Select "Draw contour lines" under the "Tools" menu to show
the dialog. In the dialog, you can specify followings and draw
contour lines.
IntervalEnter any value directly in meters or feet. Minimum is 1
m or 1 ft.
Draw index lines for each
Check and select index pitch to draw index lines.
Color set
Select color set for normal and index lines.
NormalColor for normal lines. Click color box to change it individually.
Index
Color for index lines. Click color box to change it individually.
Use different colors for under sea level
Check if you want to use different colors for under sea level. You can specify depth and color
for each line. Two colors can be used for sea depth.
Color 1First color for sea depth. Click color box to change it
Color 2
Second color for sea depth. Click color box to change it
Depth
Depth for each line in meters or feet, unit is the same as one for interval.
Color
Color for each line. Select Color1 or Color2.
[+] [-]
Add or delete lines.
Default button
Reset all settings for under sea lines to default.
Don’t draw above sea level.
Check if you do not want contour lines on
the land.
Don’t draw sea level.
Check if you want no lines on seashore.
Inland contour of 0 meter also disappear.
Don’t draw under sea level.
Check if you do not want contour lines
under sea level.
Draw button
Click to draw contour on main window
map.

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Line mode
You can select line mode when saving main window map picture and creating projection maps ineach dialog. In line mode, you can specify line
width for normal lines, index lines and sea depthlines each. Other settings are the same as ones tomain window.
Following pictures show results of various settings and extended using graphic software. First
three pictures are saved as PNG and last one as PDF. All line width and color settings are default value.
First one is drawn in dot mode and 72 dpi. Second one is drawn in dot mode and 144 dpi.

Third one is drawn in line mode and 144 dpi. Last one is drawn line mode and 144 dpi. Last
one is saved as PDF, and extended by PDF Viewer.

Notes• Draw button does not erase previous drawing, so that if you changed the interval, you should erase
previous contour lines by refreshing map window.
• For saving pictures and projection maps, last settings to draw on the main window map will be used.

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30. Colorize by Slope
Colorize maps by colors showing slope steepness.
You can specify seven steepness grade and colors tothem.
Colors draw by this function will disappear when the
map is redrawn. The result can be saved as picture files
if the map is saved with window range.
In the right picture, red part shows steep slope over 30
degrees.

Settings
Select "Colorizing by slope" under the "Tools" menu to show the dialog. You can specify degrees, colors and which part to draw. Click draw button after setting those.
Draw ( check box )Slope degrees
Color

Select band to draw.
Specify lower limit in degrees for each band.
Colors for each band. Click on the color pane to change it. Colors can be copied by drag& drop.
Limiting elevation
Set drawing range by elevation.
Opacity
Specify opacity for drawing colors override the map. 100% override completely. You see
no slope colors on the map when 0%.
Colorset
Save settings with name and show it in the menu.
Draw
Draw slope colors.
Because slope colors override current map
without refresh, you need to refresh the map
before redrawing slope colors usually.

Notes• Slope colors can be saved as picture files only
when you specify window range and scale assame as the current window. Even if rectangle
region is selected to draw slope colors, you
should specify window range to save map picture with slope colors.

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31. Bird’s Eye View
Make a image of the terrain from DEM
data. The image is based on a flat plate
ignoring roundness of the Earth. If DEM
has latitude and longitude, aspect ratio
is optimized automatically based on
center latitude of the picture.

Settings
Show dialog by selecting “Bird’s eye view...” under “Tools” menu.
Target area
• There are three options. They are selected rectangle, window and whole data.
• If whole data is selected, Minimum rectangle that includes
whole data is assumed. This rectangle doesn't stretch overmeridian at 180 degree. If data exist both side of meridian
180 degree, the rectangle goes around the earth.
• When DEMs without address info are used, window range
doesn't cover outside of the whole data range.
Face to• You can specify any direction in azimuth. Enter number values directly or use direction dial. Click tick mark or drag arrow head. Click N/E/S/W letters to face each.
Shading• Select shade type as same as shading for main window.
• Light direction is one of eight directions. Elevation angle( angle of incidence ) is always 45 degrees.
• Strength has 8 levels. 1 is most pale.
Angle of depression• Specify depression angle in degrees between 0 and 90. 0means looking horizontally.
Height emphasizing• Select rate to emphasize elevation from menu. All elevations
are multiplied by this rate.
Picture scale• Select shrink or expand rate from menu in percentage.
• Picture size is defined by target area size, azimuth, depression angle and rate.
• Maximum picture width and height are 65,500 pixels each.
Colorize by slope• Check to draw “Coloring by slope”. Settings for main window map are applied.
Use texture mapping• Check to use texture mapping. Settings for main window map are applied.
Insert a color table• Insert a color table into the picture. Select position and size.

Add strings in the picture
You can add any one line text on the picture. Click on the picture with control key pressed,
and select context menu “add string”. In a dialog you can enter string and its attributes.

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32. Stereographs
StereographThis function makes a pair of pictures in a window to
see 3D image. There are three types, parallel, crosseyed and anaglyph.

Parallel and cross-eye• Two pictures are slightly different perspectives of same
area. In parallel mode, left eye looks at left picture and righteye at right picture. In cross-eye, left eye looks at right picture, and right eye at left one.
• Picture can be full colored, but rather small picture size.
Some skill is required to look as 3D.

Anaglyph• Red color from picture for right eye, green and blue from picture
for left eye compose an anaglyph picture.
• It's mandatory to see terrain that elevation colors contain both red
and green or red and blue.It is better to set all elevation colors towhite or other bright colors.
• To see anaglyph, prepare a pair of glasses with red glass in left,
blue or green glass in right.

Settings
Show dialog by selecting “Stereograph...” under “Tools” menu.
Target area
• There are three options. They are selected rectangle, window and whole data.
• If whole data is selected, Minimum rectangle that
includes whole data is assumed. This rectangle
does not lay over meridian at 180 degree. If data
exist both side of meridian 180 degree, the rectangle goes around the earth.
• When DEMs without address info are used, window range does not cover outside of the whole
data range.
Direction• You can specify any direction in azimuth. Enter
number values directly or use direction dial. Click
tick mark or drag arrow head. Click N/E/S/W letters
to face each.
Shading• Select shade type as same as shading for main
window.
• Light direction is one of eight directions. Elevation
angle ( angle of incidence ) is always 45 degrees.
• Strength has 8 levels. 1 is most pale.
Height emphasizing• Specify values between 1.0 and 20.0. 1.0 is similar to actual image, but it is difficult to recognize terrain
unless ups and downs are significant. If too much emphasizing applied to mountainous area, getting
difficult to recognize its image.

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Scale• Select scale rate from menu in percentage. You can notselect larger scale that picture width or height exceeds
65500 pixels.
Picture size
• Although default picture size is defined by target area size,
direction and scale rate, you can set final picture size anddistance of two pane in pixels for parallel and cross. No
size option for anaglyph.
• Click triangle aside the string “Picture size” to show layout
and input fields.
• Enter width and height of final picture size.
• Span is the distance between centers of two panes.
• In layout picture, two black framed rectangles represent selected range. Yellow rectangle represents
final picture. Relief maps are drawn in each green part.
• Default button reset width, height and span to defaults.
• If layout is hidden, changing type, target range, direction or emphasizing resets to defaults always.
• Maximum picture width and height are 65,500 pixels each.
Make one pane right projection• Make one of two panes right projection to determine accurate address in the picture for processing later.
• Select left or right pane.
• You can select to draw Meridians and Parallels on it.
Colorize by slope• Check “Coloring by slope” to draw. Settings for main window map are applied.
Use texture mapping• Check to use texture mapping. Settings for main window map are applied.

Add strings on the picture
You can add any one line text on the picture. Click on the picture with control key pressed,
and select context menu “Add string”. In a dialog you can enter string and its attributes.
Added strings have no stereo effect.

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33. SRVC Relief Map
What is SRVC Relief Map
New relief map formed with slope degrees, ridge-valley degrees and surface
curvature. It is independent from light direction as normal shading relief map. Furthermore, it is easy to capture landscape
image without any tools nor skills like as
stereographs.
“SRVC” is an acronym of Slope, Ridge,
Valley and Curvature.
• Land colors are automatic. Colors of sea andvoid region depend on Preferences setting.
• No lake is recognized. Draw it as plane land.
• Picture width is adjusted so that horizontal and vertical scale are the same at the center of the map.
Therefore, even if you select window range, picture width may differ from window width.
• You can draw Meridians and Parallels, User Memo / Route / Area Data, and Contour. Their drawing
conditions are depends on each settings on the main window.

DialogShow dialog by selecting “Create SRVC Relief Map…”under the Tool menu.
TargetThere are four options. They are selected
rectangle, window, whole data and specified
picture size. Last one extends around the center of the window.
If whole data is selected, Minimum rectangle
that includes whole data is assumed. This rectangle doesn't stretch over meridian at 180
degree. If data exist both side of meridian 180
degree, the rectangle goes around the earth.
When DEMs without address info are used,window range doesn't cover outside of thewhole data range.
Picture scale
Select shrink or expand rate from menu inpercentage.
Picture size
Determined by target type and scale. If target
type is the last one, you can specify width andheight freely. Both should be less than orequal to 65500 dots.
Emphasizing slope
Default value is 3, select between 2 and 4 usually. If you want to draw flat area such as sea bed,
select bigger value.
Curvature
Specify degree of applying surface curvature to the picture. Larger value enhances contrast of
ridge and valley. See sample pictures on next page.
Draw Meridians and Parallels.
Check if you want to draw Meridians andParallels on the picture. Interval, color andline width are the same as those of main window map.
Print latitudes and longitudes
Add latitude and longitude values to each line. To change font, click [A] button at right. You
can change font, size and color.
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Draw User Data

Check if you want to draw user data on the projection map. All settings are the same as those ofmain window map.
Contour
Select one from the menu “Don’t draw”, “Draw as dots”, “Draw as lines”. If line mode, you
can set line width. Line intervals and colors are same as those of main window.
If you select line mode and save as PDF, you
can edit contour with some draw software,such as Adobe Illustrator, later.
Line mode takes time much longer, maybe
more than ten times than dot mode.
[Copy] four corner addresses.
Copy addresses of four corner to scrap. It consists of four lines, first line contains address ofnorth-west corner, south-west, north-east, south-east follow it. Each address format depends on
setting in Preferences.
[Defaults]
Reset to defaults all settings in this dialog.

Add strings in the picture
You can add any one line text on the picture. click on the picture with control key pressed, and select context
menu “add string”. In the dialog you can enter a string and its attributes.

Sample pictures
Emphasizing slope value is 3
Curvature value is 1

Curvature value is 3

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Curvature value is 5

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34. Panorama View
What is panorama view
Panorama view represents your view fromsome place on land surface or in the air. You
can create 360 degrees panorama view as
one picture and can rotate it.
Parameters are ye point address,
elevation, , eye direction, elevation angle,
view angle, haze effect, colors and others.
Default color set is same as main window
map, but can create any
You can use a target instead of eye direction andelevation angle. If user data exist, you can set thetarget to any user data string.
Memo data strings, route data routes and strings
can be drawn on the panorama picture, but nomemo mark. Route is always normal line, line type
and width are ignored.
Shading is the same as it of main window map,no shadow of mountains. Although you can draw
the sun(s) at the time at the eye point, it has no
relation with shading direction.

Creation
There are tow ways to start creating panorama views as follows. Panorama view start drawing
after you fix dialog settings and click “Draw” button. A window appears and the panorama will
be drawn left to right with scrolling if needed.
Start from context menu
At the point on the map you want to view from there, show context menu and select “Create
Panorama View”. An arrow and pink colored sector will appear toward mouse cursor. Movecursor toward target point, angle of the sector changes depends on cursor distance from eye
point. Arrow direction is eye direction and angle of the sector will be view angle. Click somewhere to show creation dialog. If the mouse point is very near the eye point, view angle will be
360 degrees and direction will be set to north.
If the target was set previously, direction restricted to it.
If you start on a string or memo mark, its address and elevation are used as eye point, otherwise mouse point address and its surface elevation will be taken.
Start from Tools menu
Select “Create Panorama View” from the Tools menu, creation dialog appear instantly. All settings are the same as previous session. If it is the first time, window center will be eye point
and towards north, view angle is set to 60 degrees.
Cancel during drawing
Drawing panorama may take very long time depends on settings, if you want to cancel it,
click close button of the window.

Settings
Eye point
Eye point consist of latitude, longitude and elevation. Elevation can be specified as surface
elevation and lift above there, or elevation from sea level.
Address
Shows the mouse point address or string’s base address when start by context menu,.otherwise
address set by previous session remains. You can change to any address. If address is changed,
surface elevation will be changed to it of addressed surface.
Elevation at surface
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Shows calculated elevation from the specified address, or elevation of string data when start bycontext menu. Elevation of string data maybe includes lift from surface already. You can enterany value here, but if you change the address it will be replaced with calculated one.
Even if elevation of string data is set originally, it will be changed as address changed. If address return to original, original elevation will be restored.
Above surface / Above sea“Above surface” means final eye elevation is “Elevation at surface” plus value specified here.
Eye elevation is value specified here when “Above sea” is selected. Although you can enter minus value here, if eye elevation is lower than surface elevation calculated from DEM, final
panorama view maybe invalid.
Eye point name User data title string is set here when this dialog started by context menu activated on a stringin the map. You can change eye point by searching user data string. Click “Search” button to
search user data and set its address and elevation. You can set new name even no user data exist
in search dialog. Refer “Name search dialog for eye or target” section.

Direction
AzimuthView angle

Elevation angle
Target name

Fix on target

Eye direction between 0 and 360 degrees. North is 0 and clockwise. If “Fix on target” ischecked, this value is automatic.
View width in degrees. Between 0.1 and 360. 360 degrees means all around eye point, andpanorama view can scroll through.
View angle limited to 120 degrees if stereograph is set or “Elevation angle” lower than -45 degrees or higher than 45 degrees.
Upward or downward angle between 60 and -60 degrees. If higher than 45 or lower than -45,
“View angle” limited to 120 degrees.
User data title string is set here when target specified previously by context menu on a string in
the map. You can change target by searching user data string. Click “Search” button to searchuser data and set its address and elevation as target. “Fix on target” will be checked and “Azimuth” and “Elevation angle” are calculated automatically. You can set new name even no user
data exist in search dialog. Refer “Name search dialog for eye or target” section.
If target is set, you can check or uncheck here. If checked, “Azimuth” and “Elevation angle” arecalculated automatically.

Color setting
Like color set for main window, you can change colors, boundary elevations and save settings, in addition you can set sky color.
Color set menu

Default is “Same as Map window”. Same list of color set as color set menu in Preferences
dialog appears here.
Boundary elevations
Specify in meters and descending order.
Color box
Click to set each color. You can copy color to another color box by dragging.
Sky color
Specify color at top and color at horizon. Between them drawn by gradation color. Actual colors
depends on eye point elevation and haze effect settings. If haze effect is stronger, every colors
anywhere converges toward sky bottom color.
Save color set
Create new color set of colors and elevations. It will appear in color set menu.
RemoveRemove color set user created.

Other settings
Max. distance

The scene calculated up to this distance. Land farther than this distance is drawn as sea.
If “Fix on target” is checked, “Max distance” should be longer than the distance between eye
point and target plus 5 km.
Min. distance
The scene is calculated farther than this distance. Land closer than this distance is drawn as sea.
0 km is treated as 2 meters.
Picture size ( Width x Height pixels )Width and height each should be less than or equal to 65500 pixels.
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Quality

Trade off between speed and quality. Usually “Normal” is enough for quality and speed. Use“Preview” to check composition if normal drawing takes longer time. Use “Fine” if result is bad
quality, for small pitch DEMs or steep mountain scene.
Emphasizing
Specify value to multiply elevations by, between 1 and 10. Mountains become higher, sea
become deeper. Eye point elevation also will be multiplied.
ShadingLight direction applied to everywhere, that means ignore time difference among the place. Even
if the Sun is drawn, it has no relation with shading.
- Shade strength Select between 1 and 5. Larger get deeper. Default is 3.
- Light from
Select one from 8 direction menu. Default is east.
- Light angle
Select elevation angle ( angle of incidence ) by menu between 10, 30, 45, 60 degrees. Default
is 45 degrees.
Apply air refraction
Distant mountains looks higher because of light refraction in the air. The default value 0.133 is
at the sea level of standard atmosphere. Although the value differ depends on altitude, there isno much difference in scene. There is much difference depends on local wether conditions, especially local air temperature such as a mirage in extreme case..
Specify value between 0 and 0.3. 0 (zero) means no effect.
Haze effect is 20
Apply haze effect of distance
Because of haze effect, distant mountains
getting dim.
- Thickness
Specify strength of haze effect between 0
and 99.9. 0 (zero ) means no effect. Default value 20 is adjusted in Japanese atmosphere conditions. Smaller value fits todry air.
Dimmed color getting towards sky ( bottom ) color.
Haze effect is 30- Minimum distance
Apply haze effect farther than this distance. Default is 0 km.
Apply mist effect of lower land
Dim lower land just as mist or cloud
cover them. Lower elevation gets moredensity.
- Upper limit elevation
This effect is applied under this elevation. Effect is zero for this elevation, and lower elevation
getting more dense towards lower limit elevation.
- Lower limit elevation thisLand lower than this elevation is drawn with sky color at horizon, so that if lower limit is 0
meter sea is drawn as horizon color always. To draw sea and sea shore in pale color, set lower
limit to minus elevation value.
- Density
Specify strength of effect between 0.1 and 99.9. Default value is 90. Dimmed color getting
towards sky ( bottom ) color as number becomes larger.
Lower land mist effect, elevation limit is 1500 m, eye point elevation is 2420 m.

No effect

Density is 90

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Density is 98

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Draw Sun

Draw the Sun or suns at specified date and time at the eye point. Refer “Draw Sun” section
below.
Draw azimuth indexes
Draw azimuth index markers and azimuth numbers on the panorama view pictures. Numbers
represent degrees and minutes. Pitch and others are automatic.
They appear just below upper edge, landscape may overwrite them.
Use texture mapping
Check if you want to apply texture mapping if exist. Settings are the same as main window.
Draw user memo data
Check if you want to draw user memo title string on the scene if exist and visible. All settings
are the same as those of main window, except.no mark drawn and string drawn vertically. String
attributes can be change on a picture. Refer following sections.
Draw user route data
Check if you want to draw user route on the scene if exist and is visible. All settings are thesame as those of main window, except only color is applied from line attributes, no line type, noline width Strings are the same as user memo.

Draw SunYou can draw a sun or suns at the time you
specify between 1 Jan. 1990 and 31 Dec. 2099.
Time zone
Menu list up time zones near the eye
point Greenwich Mean Time and yourmac’s system time zone. It shows thenearest time zone but may not exact one.
GMT
Time difference between selected timezone and Greenwich Mean Time.
Draw the sun at the time
Set the time you want to draw.
Draw (n) suns … with (t) minutes interval
Draw n suns before the time and n suns after the time. If you specify 5, 11 suns will be drawn,
but some of them may be back of landscape.
Draw date and time
Check to draw date and time next to suns on the picture
Color of the sun Click color box to set color of the sun.
This program treat the earth as a sphere, so that between sun position and landscape hassome error. Margin of error is less than a minute vertically and less than a few minutes horizontally.
Despite actual diameter of sun varies in season it is always drawn as 32 minutes in diameter.

Stereograph
Create two panorama view from both side of specified eye point, one is for left eye, anotheris for right. Larger emphasizing makes distance of left and right eye point longer, then eye
point may go underground if specified point is in a narrow valley. In such a case add some toelevation or cut near scene by set some value to “Minimum distance” other than zero.
Type
Select one of parallel, cross or anaglyph.
Emphasizing
Select between 1 and 5 from menu. If distant view you may want to select larger number.
Default is 2.
Picture at right is parallel stereograph view.
Picture size field specify width and heightfor one view. If parallel or cross eye, picture
width should be less than 32750.
View angle should be less than or equal to
120 degrees.

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Reset All
Set all values to default except eye point and target. If “Fix on target” is checked, azimuthand elevation angle are set to calculated value.

Name search dialog for eye point or target
Dialog will appear as sheet when one of “search” buttons clicked. The table in the dialog
shows all strings from user data those can be shown on the main window.
You can select one in the table or you may enter name, address and elevation directly., sothat even no user data exist, eye point or target is treated as named point.
Table
List up user data strings those can draw on the main window.
- typeMemo, Route, Area or Node. Node is for node comment of route data, others are title string foreach user data.
Name
Select one from table or enter directly.
Address
Select one from table or enter directly.
Elevation
Select one from table or enter directly.
Search string
Search substring in the “Name” column text. Table shows only the data those have substring
typed here.

Handling after completion
Scrolling
Supports mouse wheel scrolling, drag scrolling, scroll gesture on track pad,
If view angle is 360 degrees, you can rotate picture horizontally.

Auto scrolling
Panorama view can scroll automatically if picture width is greater than or equal to 3000.
Pressing left or right arrow key start scrolling. More key down makes speed up or down, orchange scrolling direction. If view is not 360 degrees, scrolling direction will change at bothside. Space bar stops autoscrolling.

Show place information
If you move the mouse on the picture, azimuth and elevation angle are shown at upper-left corner of the window.
If you move mouse to any string on the picture, string
information appear aside it. It shows string itself, address,
elevation and distance from eye point. Distance unit depends on preferences.
If you move mouse on the landscape with ctrl-key
or option-key pressing, information of the place appears near the mouse cursor.
First and last information will disappear in six seconds if mouse doesn’t move. Just click somewhereon the picture to clear those information immediately.

Handling strings
You can move strings by drag them, and remove
them by dragging them out of the window.
Attributes of any string on the picture can be changed. Show context menu on the string andselect “Update string...” to do it. Refer next section “String dialog”.
You can add a new string anywhere on the picture . Select “Add string...” from context menu.
It has address if added on landscape, no address on the sky.

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String dialog(Text field)
Original string is set. You can change to any string.
Apply following attributes to all strings
Check to apply attributes to all string on the picture.
Vertical
String is written vertically if checked, otherwise horizontally.
Leading line
Draw straight line to string from its base point.
- Line width
Specify line width between 0.1 and 3.0.
- Line color
Click color box to set any color.
Font
Showing font name. Click “Font panel” button to change.
Size
Showing font size. Enter directly or use font panel to change.
Font panel
Click to show font panel.
String color
Click color box to set any color.
Opaque background Back ground of the string has opaque if checked.
Back ground color
Click color box to set any color.
Style
Specify bold or not and italic or not.
You can use 'Font Panel' to specify font, size, style, Letter color. If you use 'Font Panel', 'italic'
will be cleared.

Set eye or target point from picture
Set new target or eye point from context menu.
Set to Target
Set the place where context menu start to target.
Set to Eye Point Set the place where context menu start to eye point and show Panorama View creation dialog.
Set to Eye Point and Look backSet the place where context menu start to eye
point, current eye point to target and show Panorama View creation dialog.

Reposition map from a point of picture
Reposition the main window map as its center is someplace in the picture. Show context menu at anywhere on
the landscape, select “Show Place in Main Window”.

Show info
Select “Show info” under the File menu to show setting information. A sheet panel will appear
and shows all settings of creation dialogs except colors and sun.
Click “Show creation dialog” button to show dialog having same settings with current view,colors and sun settings also set as same.
Click “Export settings” button to save all settings. Refer next section.

Export and import settings
Saving all settings of some panorama view to a file, to refer later or to pass other users. Click“Export settings” button in a info panel of a panorama view window to save settings to a file.
Saved settings includes colors and sun settings. The file extension is ‘sdpano’.
Use ‘Open’ under the File menu to read this settings file. After the file is read, creation dialog
will be shown. Required DEMs should be read previously, as exported file has no DEM file information. You can double click a setting file, or drop it on to application icon or main window
to show panorama dialog.

Notes• No DEM area is drawn as sea except using planet DEM.
• To check visibility of string, program uses elevation belong to it. If it is lower than calculated elevationfrom DEMs, uses calculated one. If the string has no elevation, calculated one is used.
74SimpleDEMViewer• When result picture is saved as jpeg or tiff file, GPS information will be attached. They are Eye point
address, elevation and azimuth.
• Antialiasing is applied to the sky lines automatically except preview mode.

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35. 3D Movie
About 3D Movie
You can rotate landscape, or go through landscape at real time or faster speed. There arefollowing three modes. You can control speed and direction by keyboard.
• Rotation mode.
Rotate landscape around a point.
• Flight mode.
Flight as a plane in landscape.
• Boat mode.
Cruise by boat on the sea or a lake.
The movie window may not show landscape normally depending on your Mac. If your Mac’s
power is not enough to treat large data, try smaller data.

Functions
Common• Start OpenGL view using selected data range.
• Treat all data as they are on a flat plate.
• You can set window size at start and can change it anytime during playing.
• Support full screen mode. You can change anytime during playing.
• You can set view angle at start and can change it later during playing.
• Maximum viewable distance is determined by DEM data pitch automatically.
• Can display eye altitude in a movie window. ( Mac OS X 10.10 or newer. )• Can display speed in a movie window except rotation mode. ( Mac OS X 10.10 or newer. )• Colors are same as elevation colors of map window, although shading can be specified independently.
• You can select meters or feet for altitude unit.
• You can select speed unit from kph (kilometer perhour), mph (miles per hour) and knots (nautical miles
per hour).

Rotation mode
• Automatically rotating 3D landscape around a specified point.
• Before start you can set eye altitude and distancefrom center point.
• During playing, you can change direction and speedof rotation, can change eye altitude also.
•

Flight mode
• You can go through landscape like as flying by aplane. Even though simulate some of planes behavior
include bank, this is not a flight simulator, no gravity,
no aero dynamics and no cockpit equipment.
• You can start flight with specifying place, altitude,
speed and direction.
• You can go upward, downward, turn left, turn right, getslower or faster speed during playing.
• You can set start place and direction on the map window using context menu.
• Without changing going direction, you can see left
front, right front or under front with angle of 45 degrees diagonally.
• Can apply fog or mist effect.
• Show current place on the map in main window.

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Boat mode
Differences from flight mode are follows.
• Altitude is fixed to start up setting.
• No bank during turn.
• Eye elevation can be specified between 0 and 20 degrees, and can change it during playing.
• No under front view.
Activate boat mode on the flat surface, sea or lake.

DialogTo display start up dialog, select “Start 3D movie…” under the Tools menu. If you start using
context menu on the main window, the dialog shows flight mode or boat mode, although you
can select rotation mode.
All elevations and altitudes are based on sea level.
CommonTargetSelect DEM data range in that you can flight, cruise or rotate it. There are three options. They
are selected rectangle, window and whole data.
Data size
Showing DEM data size for selected range. If several type of DEMs are loaded, shortest data
pitch is taken for whole region. Maximum number is 40 millions, but larger size slower movie
or does not show correct movie depends
on Mac's power. If it is over 10 millions,the number will be written with colored
letter. If movie is too slow or not showcorrectly, change the data range to smaller
range.
Window size
Set window size at the beginning. You canchange to any size during playing. Minimum is 400 by 300. Should not exceeds
screen size.
Shade strength
Select one between 1 and 5, bigger will bedarker.
Light from:
Select light direction for shading.
View angle
View width in degrees. Between 10 and120. You can change it during playing.
Elevation unit
Select unit of elevation and altitude frommeter or feet. Selection is applied in the
dialog and 3D movie view.
frames / sec.
Select number of frames to draw perseconds between 10 and 60. Default is 30.
If data size is large, the movie may not
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Mode selection

smaller number of frames is better to draw images, but may not be smooth movie.
Select on of mode from menu. If this dialog is called from context menu on the main window,
flight mode or boat mode is selected, yet you can change to rotation mode.

Rotation mode
Target elevation Specify elevation of rotation center. Surface elevation is set at first.
Surface elevation at center
Surface elevation of the center position of the selected range is set.
Eye position
Determined by distance from the center and altitude. Start at south of the center point.
Distance from the center
Specify distance in meters. It is fixed during playing.
Starting altitude Specify altitude in meters or feet. You can change it during playing.
Flight mode
Starting position Latitude and longitude of the start point. If
DEM has no address, XY address in meters are shown. If you activate this function from the Tool menu first, the start position is bottom center of the selected target area.
AltitudeStarting altitude, should over surface
elevation.
Surface
Surface elevation of the starting point is
set.
Direction
Set starting direction in as an azimuth in degrees clockwise from thenorth.
Speed
Set starting speed in kph ( kilometer per hour ), mph ( miles perhour ) or knots ( nautical miles per hour ).
Apply fog effect Specify if you want to apply fog effect. Linear fog model of
OpenGL is taken, it is different from panorama view function.
Reset
Reset settings to defaults. Starting position, view angle, direction, speed and fog effect are
affected.
Boat mode
Position at startSame as flight mode.
AltitudeSame as flight mode but fixed during
playing.
Surface
Same as flight mode.
Direction
Same as flight mode.
Speed
Same as flight mode.
Elevation angle Upward angle between 0 and 20 degrees
for looking up.
Apply fog effect Same as flight mode.
Reset
Reset settings to defaults. Starting position, view angle, direction, speed, elevation angle and fog effect are affected.

Run time operations
Common• Window size can be changed as usual windows.
• Click zoom button to go full screen mode, or click full screen icon at the upper right of window on older
system. 'esc' key return to normal window.
• '[' key extend view angle ( to show wider scene ), ']' key narrows view angle. Click once extend or narrower 10 percent. 10 degrees minimum and 120 degrees maximum.
• 'A' key shows or hides altitude, speed and other information on the information bar at the bottom of thewindow. On some older Macs, those cannot upgrade to Mojave, such information are shown in themovie.
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SimpleDEMViewer• Space key pauses or restarts the movie.
Rotation mode
• Right and left arrow keys change rounding speed and direction. '/' key stops rounding.
• Up and down arrow key change eye altitude. Minimum altitude is 100 meters, maximum is 10 times of
distance from the center.
• During paused by space key or stoped by ‘/‘ key, mouse wheel rotates the landscape,Flight mode
• Right arrow key turns right, Left arrow key turns left.
• Up arrow key nose up, Down arrow key nose down.
• '.' (period) key gets slower speed, '.' (comma) key gets faster speed.
• '/' key returns to straight and level flight.
• ‘/‘ with control key returns to straight flight.
• 'c' key shows or hides white cross that points moving direction.
• 's' key shows left front scene, 'd' key shows right front scene, 'x' key shows down front scene. 'e' key
returns to front scene.
Boat mode• Right arrow key turns right, Left arrow key turns left.
• Up and down arrow keys ups or downs eye direction.
• '.' (period) key gets slower speed, '.' (comma) key gets faster speed.
• '/' key returns straight.
• 'c' key shows or hides white cross that points moving direction.
• 's' key shows left front scene, 'd' key shows right front scene, 'e' key returns to front scene.

Save as movie file
You can make a movie file with capturing 3D movie window using QuickTimePlayer.
• First activate 3D movie, stop playing by pressing space bar at appropriate scene.
• Set up QuickTimePlayer’s screen recording function, and start recording.
• Restart 3D movie by pressing space bar.
• You can use systems screen recording function under Mojave or newer.

Notes• To quit SimpleDEMViewer, you should close 3D movie window first.
• If your Mac’s fan rotates faster and noisy, play with smaller data size, or pauze the 3D movie by pressing space bar temporarily until Mac will be cooled.
• In the 3D movie, landscape is projected to a plane, differ from Panorama view that project it on a cylinder or corn, then projected landscapes are differ each other.

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36. Visible Region
What is Visible Region
The places from where can see some point, or
can be seen from some point This “some point”
called “Target” is any point on the land or any object such as mountain peaks or buildings
Result color is drawn on the main window map.
To check the visibility, the eye point is set to one
meter high from the surface and looks to target.

Show dialog
Select “Visible region...” under the “Tools” menu
to show dialog, or select “Draw visible region...”from the context menu on the main window map.
Latter case, the place where show context menu is
set to the target.
Visible region from or to an antenna thatis 20 m high at the peak of the mountain.

Settings
Target- -(Address)

Name is shown if it has name.
Shows the mouse point address or string’s base address when start by context menu,.otherwise
address set by previous session remains.You can change to any address.
- Elevation
Shows calculated elevation from the specified address, or elevation of string data when start bycontext menu.
- Search button Click this button to show search name dialog. Select a name in the table shows user data titles
and node comments. Search name dialog is the same as it of Panorama View.
Range
Select window or selected rectangle to draw.
Quality
Select “Faster” or “Fine”. Usually “Faster” is appropriate for speed and quality. If DEM data
pitch is short ( maybe less than 1 second ) and focused place is affected by steep mountains, use
Fine.
Draw on sea
Check to draw on sea also, otherwise no drawing on sea.
Color for visible region
Click color box to change color to draw. If opacity is less than 100 %, actual color is different.
Transparent / OpaqueSpecify opacity in percentage.
Air refraction factor
Same as in Panorama View . Use default value 0.133 usually.

Notes• To clear this drawing do “Redraw map” under “View” menu.
• If you do this function twice with translucent color for two different target, places from where you cansee both target is drawn thickly.
• To save result as picture file, specify window range, same scale as main window and 72 dpi in map
saving dialog.

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37. Geo-Profiles
You can make profile along user route data. You can configure its appearance after creatingit.
If user route data has node names, profile shows them with names, elevations, mileages fromthe start node.

Creation
You should provide user route data before creating profile. Select "GeoProfile image" in the"Tools" menu. Select one route data to make profile along it, and click "Make" button. Profile
picture window appears with default settings. You can configure appearance in settings panel.
You should read all DEMs under the route before creating the profile.

Settings
Height range
Level lines interval
Height emphasizing
Profile color

Draw- levels- names- elevations- mileages
Set base to right edge
Title
Apply
Scale menu
Shrink button
Enlarge button
Panel

Specify upper and lower limit in elevation. This determines picture height.
Select from 10/20/50/100/200/500/1000/2000/5000m/Auto.
Select from 1/1.5/2/3/4/5/10/20 times.
Select one of white ( only profile line ), Gray ( top is dark, lighter to bottom ),Elevation colors.
Elevation colors and gradation depend on preference settings if you select elevation
colors.
Set show or no show for each items.
Level lines and their height.
Node names for named node of user route data.
Elevations for each named node.
Distance from start point.
Select one of named nodes or pitch.
Position start point of route to right edge in profile picture. ( flip horizontally )Any title string to show at top center position in the picture. Default is route data title.
Redraw profile picture.
Select from Auto/200/100/50/20/10/5%. If auto is selected, scale depends on window
width.
Set smaller scale in the above scale menu.
Set larger scale in the above scale menu.
Show or hide configuration panel.

Always two level lines are drawn above the highest elevation.
Set higher elevation for upper limit when names are intersect profile.
You can reflects new elevation color settings by clicking "Apply" button after changing elevation colors in preference dialog.

Save asYou can save the profile as a picture file. Saved
picture depends on current configurations. Whole
picture is saved ignoring current window size.

Notes• Data interval of profile is same as DEM data northsouth interval. E.g. 10 meters for 10 meter DEM,
about 93 meters for 3 sec. mesh DEMs. If the map isextended in the main window, data interval is shorten
in same rate of map scale.
• If a distance between route nodes is long enough, intermediate points are calculated as they are on thegreat circle.
• Elevations in the route data are ignored. Always use
elevations calculated from DEMs.
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38. Grayscale Maps
You can create 8 bits or 16
bits grayscale map. It may be
imported to some 3D rendering software.
Grayscale direction, highwhite or low-white, is selectable. You can choose shading also.

With shading.

DialogSelect "Create Grayscale Map..." under the "Tools" menu
to display the dialog. You can specify followings and click"Make" button to make grayscale map.
TargetSelect data range to create grayscale map. One of
selected rectangle region, window or whole data.
Picture scale
Select picture size as percentage to the originaldata.
Picture size
Width and height should be less than 65,500 dots.
Bits per pixel
Select 8 bits or 16 bits. Select 16 bits if you want
the result to use in 3D rendering software.
Range of grayscale
Map elevations to grayscale 0 to 255 or 65535.
- Use max. and min. of data
Highest and lowest elevations of DEM are used.
- Use max. of data, 0 m for min.
Highest elevation of DEM and 0 meter are used. Iflowest elevation is below 0 meter, it is used.
- Use below
Use specified elevations to both limits. If highest or
lowest elevation of DEMs is out of limits, it is used.
Direction
Select high-white or low-white.
Add ... m ...
Add specified number of meters to the elevations
other than sea area to clear seashore in 3D software.
Do not use this function if DEM has no sea info,
such as ETOPO and SRTM.
Do shading
Check to apply shading.
- Light from
Select one of eight direction.
- Strength
Select one between 1 and 5.
[Copy] four corner addresses
Copy addresses of four corner to scrap. It consistsof four lines, first line contains address of north-west corner, south-west, north-east, south-east
follow it. Each address format depends on setting in Preferences.
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Add strings in the picture
You can add any one line text on the picture. click on the picture with control key pressed, and selectcontext menu “add string”. In a dialog you can enter string and its attributes.

Save as picture file
You can save grayscale map as a picture file as same as other pictures. You can select any
picture format for 8 bits grayscale, but only tiff or png format for 16 bits.

Notes• With shading, white lines may appear along seashore. To remove them, specify 10 meters or so in"Add ... m ..." field.

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39. Projection Maps
About projection maps
Supports creating Orthographic, Conical, Mercator, Azimuthal Equidistant, Azimuthal Equiarea, Universal Transverse Mercator and Lambert Conformal Conic projection maps. Thosemaps are drawn in separate windows and can be saved as picture files in various format.
You can set center address of the map and size of the picture. Map scale will be the same
scale of the main window. Also elevation colors and shading parameters will be the same
those of the main window.
You can set projection center apart from map center except Mercator and UTM projection
maps. In this case, equidistant circles will be drawn around the projection center. There is asample picture at the last of this section.
To display the creation dialog, select "Create projection map" under the "Tools" menu or fromthe context menu on the main window. If context menu used, mouse point address is set tocenter address field, otherwise center address of the window is set.
To create projection maps require geo referenced DEMs, UTM DEMs or managed plane DEMs.
No UTM projection map with celestial DEMs.

Settings
Type menu
Center address

Select projection method.
Set center address of the map. Initially it
is set to center address of the main window
if called from Tools menu. It is mousepoint address if called from context menu.
Latitude should be between 80 degree
north and 80 degree south for Mercator,
Conical and UTM projection maps, forLambert conformal conic projection maps
it should be between 80 and 20 north or
between 20 and 80 south. This limitation
is not applied if separate projection center
specified.
Use separate projection center
Projection center address
You can set projection center to any
address, but it should be inside the picture
and latitude should be inside above limitation.
You cannot use separate projection center
for Mercator and UTM projection maps.
If this address is specified, equidistantcircles will be drawn around it, and scaleat there instead of picture center is thesame scale of the main window.
Picture size
Default is the size of main window. Widthand height should be less than or equal to65500 dots each.
Set to main window size
Set picture size to the size of the main
window.
Draw latitude and longitude lines
Check if you want to draw latitude andlongitude lines on the projection map. Interval, color and line width are the same as those ofmain window map.
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Print latitudes and longitudes
Add latitude and longitude values to each line. To change font, click [A] button at right. You
can change font, size and color.
Draw user data
Check if you want to draw user data on the projection map. All settings are the same as those ofmain window map.
Contour
Select one from the menu “Don’t draw”, “Draw as dots”, “Draw as lines”. If line mode, you
can set line width. Line intervals and colors are same as those of main window.
If you select line mode and save as PDF, you can edit contours with some draw software, such
as Adobe Illustrator, later.
Line mode takes time much longer, maybe more than ten times of dot mode.
Draw Equidistant circles
Check if you want to draw equidistant circles. This field will appear only for Orthographic,
Azimuthal Equidistant, Azimuthal Equi-Area projections.
- IntervalSpecify interval of the equidistant circle in unit of kilo-meter, miles or nautical miles.
- Line color
Click color box to change line color.
- Line width
Select line width from the menu between 0.5 and 2.0 points.
Insert color table Insert a color table into the picture. Select position and size.
Lake color will appear when "Draw lakes" is set to on in
Preferences. Sea color is shown always.

Orthographic projection map
The orthographic projection is azimuthal parallel projection. If scale is small enough hemisphere of the earth is drawn in a circle like thepicture at right.
You can specify projection center and picture
size. The scale and latitude and longitude line
interval are the same as those of main window
map.
Picture at right is drawn as in the smallest size(5%) using ETOPO2.
To make this map, select "Orthographic projection map" under Tools menu Also available fromcontext menu on the main window.
Scale of the center is the same as the scale ofmain window.

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Conical projection map
The map is projected to a cone that's apex isNorth pole or South pole depending on center
latitude. The cone surface contacts with theglobe surface at center latitude. If center latitude is equal to the Equator, the map projection
method turn to cylindrical projection instead of
conical projection.
Center latitude should be between 80 degreesouth and 80 degree north.
Picture at right uses ETOPO2, and scale rate is
8%. Center latitude is 40 degree.

Mercator projection map
You can create Mercator projection
map around the specified center point.
Scale on the Equator is same as thescale of main window.
Picture size you specify in the dialog
defines drawing range, no affection toscale.
Picture at right is drawn in the smallest
size (5%) using ETOPO2.

Azimuthal Equidistant projection map
You can create Azimuthal Equidistant projection map around the specified center point.
Scale is same as the scale of main window at
the center point.
Picture size you specify in the dialog defines
drawing range, no affection to scale.
Picture at right is drawn in the smallest size(5%) using ETOPO2, centered to Paris, France.
Interval of equidistant circle is 2000 km.

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Azimuthal Equi-area projectionmap
You can create Azimuthal Equi-area
projection map around the specified
center point. Scale is same as the scaleof main window at the center point.
Picture size you specify in the dialog
defines drawing range, no affection toscale.
Picture at right is drawn at 10% scaleusing ETOPO5, centered to Paris.

Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) projection map
You can create Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM)
projection map around the specified center point. UTM
zone number is determined by center address. If justequal to boundary longitude, smaller zone number istaken.
Both side of center meridian are drawn up to 6 degrees. North and South pole can be drawn, but center
latitude should be between 80 and -80.
Zone number of the picture at right is 30, center
meridian is 3 degree west.

Lambert Conformal Conic Projection map
You can create Lambert Conformal
Conic projection map around the specified center point. Although standard
projection method has two parallels
touched surface of the earth, only one
parallel at the center touch the surface
here. Scale is same as the scale ofmain window at the center point.
Center latitude should be between 80
and 20 degrees north, or between 20
and 80 degrees south.
Sample picture below as created using
ETOPO1 in 20 % scale centered at 40
degree north and 100 degree west.

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Strings in the picture
Strings ( of user data ) are draggable and removable. To remove strings, drag them outsideof window.
You can add any text on the picture. Click on the picture with control key pressed, and selectcontext menu “add string”. In a dialog you can enter any string and its attributes. Strings ( includes user data ) are editable. Show context menu on a string and select “Update string”
menu.

Save as a picture
You can save projection map as picture files as same as other pictures. If picture format isjpeg, tiff or png, center address is written in the file as GPS information.
If you want to print the picture, save picture as pdf file. Strings and lines are maintained vector information in pdf file. If contours are drawn as lines, it also maintain vector information.

Sample picture with separate projection center
This is Orthographic projection map
centered on Tokyo.
Distance numbers are added after
completion of drawing.

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40.

Picture Windows

This section describes handling windows of Bird’s eye view, Stereograph, Grayscale map andprojection maps. For main window, Panorama view and Geo-profile refer each section.

Compact view
When the picture size is very large, you can shrink it to view whole picture.
You can select one of 50%, 33.3%, 25%, 20%, 10%, 5%, 2% and 1% as smallenough to see. If picture height becomes less than 600 pixels, no moreshrinking available.
⌘+[ get smaller, ⌘+] get bigger. ⌘+0(zero) to original size ( 100% ).
As shown in picture at right, if cursor position is at top left corner of thepicture window, a slider and buttons will appear. you can change percentage
by them.
During being shrank, editing and moving string are not available.
Latitude and longitude lines, equidistant circles and user data are notdrawn if picture is shrank smaller than 20%.

Show picture info
You can show information of pictures, such as size, address and some of creating settings.
After selecting a picture window, do “Show info” under the File menu.
These are some samples.

Save picture
Do "Save" under "File" menu when target picture window is in front. Whole picture saved as100% size anyway it is shrank.
You can select picture file format and options. For 16 bits grayscale map, only tiff and png
are available. If you want to print the picture, select pdf file so that strings and lines are printed finely.
Refer next section also.

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41. Save Pictures
You can save pictures of map image or pictures of other picture window images. Any picture
file format is available as long as QuickTime supports. You can select pdf also.
If you want to save pictures to print, select pdf format especially when pictures include
strings and lines.

Saving map picture
Do "Save" under file menu when main
window is most front except scale andindex panels. A sheet dialog prompts
you to select target area and scale. After clicking save button, you can specify
file name and format in the file navigation dialog.
Range
Select range for creating
picture. If you select “Sizeby pixel” specify width andheight. In this case, picture
center is set to the center ofthe main window.
Scale
Specify percentage to the DEM data. Initially, it is set to the same percentage of the main
window.
Picture size
Specify width and height of the picture if range is “Size by pixel”, otherwise set automatically.
These values are in points, actual pixels is twice when 144 dpi is selected. MB or GB value issize in the program, actual picture file size in the disk storage is vary depends on file format.
Resolution
Select 72 or 144 dot per inch. When 144 dpi is selected, String size and line width are extended
twice to maintain balance with landscape as same as main window.
Draw user data
Check to draw User Memo / Route / Area data.
Contour
Select one from the menu “Don’t draw”, “Draw as dots”, “Draw as lines”. If line mode, you
can set line width. Line intervals and colors are same as those of main window.
If you select line mode and save as PDF, you can edit contour by some draw software, such as
Adobe Illustrator, later.
Line mode takes time much longer, maybe more than ten times than dot mode.
Colorize by slope Check to draw colorize by slope. Settings
previously used to draw in main window will betaken.
Create world file Specify to create a world file. See below.
Print latitudes and longitudes
Check to add latitude and longitude value strings.
No minus sign is added to west longitude andsouth latitude. No print if seconds part of theaddress is not zero.
To change font, click [A] button at right. fontpanel will appear and you can change font, sizeand color.
Insert color table Insert a color table into the picture. Select position from four corners andselect size. Lake color will appear when "Draw lakes" is set to on in Preferences. Sea color is shown always.
[Copy] four corner addresses
Copy addresses of four corner to scrap. It consists of four lines, first line
contains address of north-west corner, south-west, north-east, south-east
follow it. Each address format depends on setting in Preferences.

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Saving other window pictures
You can save pictures of windows such as Bird's-eye view, Stereograph, Orthographic projection map, etc.. Do "Save" under "File" menu when target picture window is in front. You canspecify file name and format in the file navigation dialog.
Always you saves pictures as new files, not update.
If the picture is 16 bits grayscale, you can select one of tiff or png.

Create world file
You can create world files to use pictures with some GIS software. You can specify creation in
the saving dialog for Map picture, in the Preferences dialog for grayscale maps.
Pictures satisfying following three can attach a world file.
• DEMs should be one of Geo, UTM or other plane coordinate.
• Map pictures or grayscale pictures.
• File type is one of TIFF, JPEG, JPEG2000, PGN or BMP.
Format is the same as the HDR file for BIL form DEMs.

First line
Second line
Third line
4th line
5th line
6th line

Horizontal data pitch in degrees or in meters.
00Vertical data pitch in degrees or in meters. Always minus value.
Longitude at the center of the north-west corner cell of the data in degrees, orcoordinate address of UTM or XYPLANE.
Latitude at the center of the north-west corner cell of the data in degrees, orcoordinate address of UTM or XYPLANE.

Extensions for world files are set as follows.
TIFF - TFW, JPEG - JGW, JPEG2000 - j2w, PNG - PGW, BMP - BPW
Note. : Many GIS software supports TFW but others.

Save as GeoTiff
If you specify tiff format for saving picture, it will be GeoTiff automatically when DEMs are
geo-referenced or UTM. Some GSI programs do not understand world file but GeoTiff.
Also Grayscale map and SRVC relief map and anaglyph that face to north and one pane isright projection can be saved as GeoTiff.
You should aware that datum in this GeoTiff file is WGS84 always even if DEMs are not basedon WGS84.
<Note> This function is available on macOS 10.14 Mojave or newer.

Add GPS information
GPS information ( Latitude, Longitude and datum ) are added in the picture as exif GPS information, when saving following pictures. Picture type should be jpeg or tiff. Latitude and longitude are at the center of the picture.
Map window, Bird's-eye, Stereograph, Grayscale and projection maps.
Eye direction and elevation are also attached to panorama views92SimpleDEMViewer

42. Remove Data
You can remove data those are read in this program by the
dialog looks like picture at right. Select “Remove data…” under the “File” menu to show the dialog. “Remove data”
means just remove from the program memory, not delete
from disk storage.
The dialog lists removable data such as DEMs, User Memodata, User Route data, User Area dat and texture maps inthis order.
DEMs
You can select each kind of DEMs to remove them. No individual file is selectable.
User Memo / Route / Area data
You can select kinds or select all for each data type. If you want remove individual data, you
should go Edit User Data dialog.
If new or updated data exist and not saved yet, an alert message will appear.
Texture maps
Remove all texture maps currently read. Individual texture map file can be removed throughTexture Map dialog.
“Select all” button selects all items to remove all data. You can use ⌘A shortcut key.

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43. Menus
Main Menu Bar
SimpleDEMViewer
About SimpleDEMViewer
Preferences..
Quit SimpleDEMViewer
FileOpen...
Close
Remove data...
Save Picture As...
Save Working Set…
Load working set
Export DEM…
Manage Projection Planes…
Manage color sets...

Show about dialog.
Show preferences dialog.
Read DEMs and user data files.
Close picture windows and some panels.
Remove DEMs and / or user data.
Save main window map or picture window as picture file.
Save data and settings with or without name.
Load named working set. Saved names are listed in submenu.
Create new DEM file from read DEMs.
Define world’s local planar coordinate systems.
Rename, remove color sets. Arrange color set menu items.
Export color sets as external file.
Read color sets file and register them.
Show information panel for DEM or pictures.
(only Copy and Paste have custom functions)

Import color sets
Show Info
Edit
Undo
Redo
Cut
Copy
Copy address from address control.
Paste
Paste address to address control.
DeleteSelect All
Special Characters...
View
RefreshRedraw map.
ExpandZoom in map.
ShrinkZoom out map.
Scale
2000% ~ 5%
Apply new scale to map.
Other (nn%)...
Specify custom scale to apply.
Adjust Base Latitude
Set base latitude to center latitude of current window.
Window Size...
Specify main window size as map size
Show (Hide) Index Map
Show or hide index window.
Show (Hide) Scale PanelShow or hide scale panel.
Change to Vertical (Horizontal) Scale
Swap scale panel between vertical and horizontal.
Find&Jump
Find...
Find a string in user data and reposition map.
Find Next
Find another occurrence.
Jump to...
Reposition map to the address specified.
User Data
Show/Hide User Data...
Show dialog to set show / hide status.
Edit User Data...
Show dialog with table of user data to editing.
Import Text User Data…
Import text formed User Data.
User Data Preferences...
Set defaults of user data, and maintaining user data kind.
Tools
Texture Maps...
Read and set texture map.
Rectangle Region...
Set or clear rectangle region on the main window.
Find Highest/Lowest...
Find highest or lowest elevation point in the read DEM.
Contour...
Show a dialog to draw contour lines.
Slope Level...
Show a dialog to colorize map by slope degrees.
Visible Region...
Show a dialog to colorize map by Visible Region.
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Bird’s Eye View...
Panorama View...
Reset Panorama View
Stereograph...
GeoProfile...
Projection Maps...
Grayscale Map...
SRVC Relief Map…
Create Lake Data...
Window
Minimize
Zoom
Bring all to front
Help
Online manual
SimpleDEMViewer Help

Show a dialog to create Bird’s-eye view picture.
Show a dialog to create Panorama view picture.
Reset Panorama View settings to defaults.
Show a dialog to create Stereograph picture.
Show a dialog to create geo-profile picture.
Show a dialog to create projection maps.
Show a dialog to create Grayscale map.
Show a dialog to create SRVC relief map.
Start to create lake data.

Show latest manual with safari ( or another browser )through internet.
Show some faqs and topics in HelpViewer.

Context Menu on Main Window
Show this place in
Maps.app
Google Map
Show DEM inspector
Select Rectangle Region
Copy Address
Centering
Scale
2000% ~ 5%
Other (nn%)..
ExpandShrinkCreate User Data
Memo...
Route...
Area...
Measure Milage
Create Panorama View...
Set to panorama View Target
Draw Visible Region...
Create Projection Map...

Activate Maps and show this place in it. ( OS X 10.9 )Activate safari ( or other browser ) and retrieve Google mapof this place.
Show DEM inspector panel showing cell values of DEM files.
Start selecting rectangle region on the map.
Copy address of the mouse point.
Reposition map so that the mouse point will move to themap center.
Change scale and Reposition map so that the mouse point
will move to the map center.
Change the scale to the selected percentage.
Change scale to any value.
Expand map by changing scale one step larger in menu.
Shrink ,map by changing scale one step smaller in menu.
Create memo data at the mouse point.
Start to create route data from the mouse point.
Start to create area data from the mouse point.
Start to measure milage from the mouse point.
Start to create panorama view as you are on the mousepoint.
Set the mouse point as the target of panorama view.
Show dialog to draw visible region and set the mouse point
as the target.
Show dialog to create projection maps and set the mousepoint as the map center.

Context Menu on Panorama View
Set to Target
Set to Eye Point

Set the mouse point as the target.
Set the mouse point as the eye point and show creation
dialog.

Set to Eye Point and Look backShow Place in Main Window
Add (Edit) String...

Set the mouse point as the eye point, set the previous eye
point as the target and show creation dialog.
Reposition map so that the mouse point place move to thecenter.
Add new string or update pointed string on the panorama
view.
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44. Limitations for AS Version
All App Store programs are required sandboxing, because of that some limitations are added
comparing to SimpleDEMViewer V6. Following list shows all of them.
• Does not support DEMs from GSI of Japan, those have file extension ‘LEM’.
• You should select folders instead of individual files for SDTS and JAXA ALOS DEMs.
• All tiff format files can be selected by Open panel even if those files are not DEM files.
They will be checked after you close the panel. netCDF files those have file extension ‘GRD’,and PDS DEM files those have file extension ‘IMG’ are the same. Also bil form files arechecked later if HDR file is exists or not.
• Cannot read alias files even they point DEM files if you select folders. You should selectindividual files for aliases.
• Topographic maps from GSI of Japan is just treated as normal pictures as a texture maps.
• User Memo Data cannot show pictures, if referencing pictures reside outside Memo Library.
• Closing the main window terminates application.

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