KAGRA SCIENTIFIC CONGRESS: COLLABORATORS’ INFORMATION EXCHANGE

2018/08/01

KSC Newsletter
Second Issue

From Phase 1 to Phase 2
Nine-day operation with wild weather & earthquakes
KAGRA now has the world's tallest vibration isolation systems (13.5 m)
which help to reduce seismic noise at low frequencies. The volume of thevacuum system is third largest in the world. Two 23-kg sapphire mirrors
have been installed at each end, and one of them was kept for 30 days atcryogenic temperature (18K).
A leakage of the vacuum system was found in April 2018, therefore thePhase-1 experimental activity was delayed for 5 days. Despite thedifficulties, the phase-1 operation was a success: it lasted from April 28
to May 6, 2018, and during this period many injection tests wereWeather map of May 3, 2018.
performed.
The interferometer duty cycle during the Phase-1
operation reached 88.6% between April 28 and May 2,
while it dropped to 26.8% on May 3 and 4. Finally itslightly improved to 59.8% over the final days (May 5 & 6).
The longest lock was over 10 hours. The low duty cycle on
May 3 and on the following days was mainly attributed tothe high micro-seismic noise caused by a heavy storm, local
earthquakes, volcano eruptions in Hawaii, and visits oftheorists.
The achieved sensitivity during Phase 1 was still worse
than the final sensitivities of TAMA and CLIO, except at thelower frequencies (40 Hz), where KAGRA's sensitivity wasContents of this issue
better than that of TAMA. KAGRA started Phase 2 from May
p-2 Directions
7: the final installation work before the real observation
Steps to the Observation 2019run.
p-3 Kamioka local
Subgroup orientation
Kagra River / Science Cafe
p-5 Meetings
F2F at Osaka City U.
KIW5 at Seoul
Poster Award Winners
Group LOGO
Next F2F at Toyama
p-8 Virgo Visit
p-9 We hear that …

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KAGRA Scientific Congress Newsletter No. 2

2018/08/01

Directions

Steps to the 2019 observation
Beginning of the observation run from the Summer or Autumn, 2019: keep twoplans in mind
Due to the delay of the memorandum of understandings (MOU) update between LIGO and Virgo, the official
discussion of joint collaborations has not yet started between KAGRA and LIGO/Virgo. However, many
preparations are in progress inside KAGRA and between researchers with LIGO/Virgo.

GW170104 BHBH@880Mpc

GW170608 BHBH@340Mpc
GW170814
BHBH@540Mpc
GW170817
NSNS@40Mpc

GW150914 BHBH@440Mpc

GW151226 BHBH@440Mpc

During the face-to-face meeting at Osaka City Univ. May 2018, we agreed on the update plan towards O3(observational run 3, starts February 2019). We decided to keep the original plan of DRFPMI (RSE)* and the
backup plan of FPMI, and dropped the other backup plan of PRFPMI* after the long discussion of total cost,
available schedule, experience, etc. We
also set three checkpoints at the end of
September, December 2018 and March
2019. If there are serious delays or
troubles that will prevent us fromreaching the RSE configuration, thenwe will shift to the backup plan (FPMI)
for O3. If the chosen configuration will
be FPMI, the installation work will befinished in May and the observation
period (~10 Mpc with neutron starbinary range) will start sometime insummer 2019. If RSE configuration,
Steps toward O3. We have two plans: RSE or FPMI. We anyway
then the interferometer will be ready inwill join the observation no later than October 2019.
August and we will start the observation period(~30 Mpc) in October, hopefully.
At the end of July, the program advisory board (PAB) meeting was held at Kashiwa, Tokyo. PAB (Chair: Albert
Lazzarini) reviewed our plans and status in detail, and encouraged us towards O3.
Data Analysis/Data Management groups are getting
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
ready to begin the co-analysis of O3 data from the
60-80Mpc
60-100Mpc
120-170Mpc
170Mpcbeginning of it (February 2019), and they already
LIGO
O1
O2
O3
started tests of data sharing with the LIGO group from
June. These two groups plan to re-organize the Kagra
subgroup structures to directly match the data-analysis
65-85Mpc
65-115Mpc 125Mpc
25-30
groups structure existing in LIGO/Virgo. (See [JGWdoc
Virgo
O2 MpcO38488] for details). This reorganization will be discussed
at the satellite meeting of the next face-to-face at
Toyama. If you have an original research plan(s), this10-30Mpc
40-140Mpc 140Mpc
bKAGRA bKAGRA
will be a good chance to join to data analysis activities.
KAGRA iKAGRA
O3phase1phase2
Recently, the Executive Office (EO) proposed a plan for
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
the period after O3. We do not know what the budget
today
status will be after 2019, but our statement to the GW
Revised KAGRA plan. After O3, we will try to join O4 from thecommunity is that we will try to participate in O4 frombeginning.
the beginning till the end.
Hisaaki Shinkai🍏
DRFPMI (RSE) = dual-recycled Fabry-Perot-Michelson interferometer (resonant sideband extraction)
PRFPMI= power recycled Fabry-Perot-Michelson interferometer

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KAGRA Scientific Congress Newsletter No. 2

2018/08/01

Kamioka Local

Subgroup orientation foryoung collaborators
Kamioka life and jargon (IOO, VIS, etc) wereexplained in advance of BBQ
We held a KAGRA introduction seminar at Kamioka on June
14th. This meeting was organized by senior students since lastyear. We introduced what we are doing in each subgroups to
newly joined students, (i.e., undergraduate students andstudents in 1st year of graduate schools).
After a welcome speech from Prof. Ohashi, the activities in eachsubgroup, such as IOO, VIS, etc, were introduced. Somestudents explained as well how life in Kamioka goes, and how
we can contribute to KAGRA from offsite. After the seminar, we
also had a KAGRA site tour, that terminated BBQ party with
Hida beef ☺
It was a good chance to know about the life in the research field
as well as KAGRA’s research topics. We hope that this seminar helped students to get involved in KAGRA in abetter way. We are looking forward doing a fun research with you!
Satoshi Tanioka (translated by Ayaka Shoda) 🍏

Kagra River
Super-heavy rain continued for several days in early July in west Japan —- and Kamioka tunnel river appears!!

@Y-arm July 10, photo by Kyoichi Takayama@YNO.104 July 10 19:58, photo by Kiyoshi Furuta

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KAGRA Scientific Congress Newsletter No. 2

2018/08/01
Public Outreach

Science Café in Gifu
On Saturday, July 14, Dr. Osamu Miyakawa gave a
Science Café talk with title, “KAGRA, to answer the
100-year-long homework assignment from Einstein ~A
new challenge in Kamioka~”, at the headquarters ofGifu Shimbun, a local newspaper company in Gifu
prefecture.
Kamioka Observatory, which hosts Super-Kamiokande,
and Gifu Shimbun started the series of “Science Café inGifu” six years ago at Kamioka. For the first time a
KAGRA researcher was invited to give a talk at the Cafe.
Miyakawa-san explained how a gravitational
waves are generated, how we can detect them,the mechanism of the KAGRA detector, how
hard it was to construct the tunnel and thedetector, and many other things. About half of
the audience was formed by high-school
students, so, Miyakawa-san told them his
personal story on how he became a researcher
and what is important to becoming a
researcher.

In the Q&A sessions, audiences asked a lot of keen questions
about gravitational waves, theory of relativity, and more.
Miyakawa-san answered all the questions quite thoughtfully.
On the hottest day in Gifu (outside temperature was 39
degree Celsius!), even though the inside of the building waswell air-conditioned, the discussion was also hot and all thepeople felt the two hours flew by very fast; the time is not
an absolute scale!

Yoshihisa Obayashi 🍏

New Book on GW physics

KAGRA SITE VISITORS
June 22: Tokyo Univ EMP club, 27 students
June 29: Hida houjin kai, 15 persons
July 10: Nakabo Tech Co.Ltd, 5 persons
July 12: (Gifu) Yoshiki high school, 22 students
July 13: Mitsui Sumitomo Trust Bank, 8 persons
July 18: Keio Fujisawa high school, 27 students
July 26: Toyama high school, 33 students
July 27: Momoyama high school, 21 students
July 27: Kindai-Wakayama high school, 25 students(Note: this list is not completed)

Gravitational Waves: Volume 2:
Astrophysics and Cosmology
Michele Maggiore
Oxford Univ. Press (May 2018)
ISBN-13: 978-0198570899
848 pages, 2020 g,$75 (Amazon)

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KAGRA Scientific Congress Newsletter No. 2

2018/08/01

Recent Meetings

The 19th Face-to-Face meeting at Osaka City Univ. May 18-20
Program: http://gwwiki.icrr.u-tokyo.ac.jp/JGWwiki/LCGT/Meeting/f2f/2018May
We discussed the results of Phase-1 operation,
roadmap to O3, and other urgent issues. There
were 103 participants, including 20 people
from overseas. Seventy-eight attended thebanquet during the first evening.
Invited talk: Albert Lazzarini (Caltech)
Two new institutes joined:
WIMP (Wuhan Institute of Physics
and Mathematics), IOO & VIS groups
WHIGG (Wuhan Institute of Geodesy
and Geophysics), GIS group
For the first time, the Poster Presentation Prize
was held.
We thank LOCs, Nobuyuki Kanda, Yousuke Itoh,Ms. Mieko Katsumura, and OCU members.

The 4th KAGRA International Workshop at Ewha Womans Univ., Seoul, Korea,
June 29-30
Program: http://yangjs.inje.ac.kr/Symposium/kiw/
We had KAGRA, LIGO, Virgo status talks; GW science talks; multi-messenger astronomy and future detectors
talks, and so on. We also had an invited talk on the community diversity. There were 78 participants, including
25 people from Korea.
We thank SOCs (chair: Hyung-Mok Lee), LOCs (chair: Chunglee Kim), and the Korean GW group.

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KAGRA Scientific Congress Newsletter No. 2

2018/08/01

Poster Award Winners

Initial award for students’ poster presentation
In respond to the request of the "young researchers" group, for the first time we awarded
poster presentations given by students at the recent face-to-face meeting at the Osaka City
University. All participants were asked to vote and Prof. Wei-Tou Ni kindly donated two
sets of his newly edited books as the winner's prize. KAGRA's first poster award was given
to Mr. Kouseki Miyo and Mr. Akinobu Miyamoto together with a certification signed by our
Takaaki Kajita!
Here are the abstracts of the winner's presentations.

”Fruitful Contents” Section

Kouseki Miyo (ICRR, The Univ. of Tokyo)bKAGRA phase1 studies of Site Ground Motion
We report that a strain-meter can do broader measurement of slow drift ofarm length in terms of frequency than a seismometer. A seismometercannot measure seismic noise in a few tens of mHz due to storms andearthquakes (that is why there were some lock-losses in LIGO), because
the seismometer cannot distinguish slope of its housing from arm lengthchange.
First, some parameters related to noise sources for the strain-meter were
estimated. The phase velocity of elastic wave propagating through the
KAGRA mine was estimated to be 5500 [m/s], which is the same as for Pwaves calculated from CLIO data. We also got a response coefficient of
6e-10 [1/Pa] from air pressure to strain, which is also consistent with
CLIO data.
Second, we compare the noise level of the strain-meter with that of theseismometer. The sensitivity of the strain-meter was estimated by dividing
the displacement by 3000 m. The one of the seismometer was obtained by integrating the measured velocity to get thedisplacement and by calculating the difference of these at the center area and at X-end. As a result, the sensitivity of thestrain-meter was found to be better than that of the seismometer at low frequency. (translated by Kentaro Komori 🍏 )”Beautiful Presentation” Section

Akinobu Miyamoto (Osaka City Univ.)
Evaluate possible confirmation of the existence of Population III stars using binary black holes detected by LIGO
We proposed a method for confirmation of the existence of population III(Pop III) stars with massive black hole (BH) binaries in gravitational
wave (GW) observation. The first GW event, GW150914, was a thebinary BH whose masses are 36 and 29 solar masses. To explain theexistence of such massive BHs, there are some BH formation scenarios.
One of the possible origins of GW150914 is the Pop III stars, i.e. the zerometal stars.
We simulated GW detections of binary BHs assuming two LIGO
detectors. Then we evaluated the possibility of confirmation of theexistence of Pop III stars using likelihood distribution of chirp mass ofbinary BH mergers and detected events by LIGO and Virgo (five eventsand a candidate).
As a result, with and without the Pop III model, the likelihoods are very
close. There is no significant difference between with Pop III model andwithout the Pop III model. However, with more GW events, the difference could be more clear. So, we need higher
sensitivity and more detectors such as KAGRA, LIGO India, and the third generation GW detectors.
(photos by Marika Sasai 🍏 )6

KAGRA Scientific Congress Newsletter No. 2

2018/08/01

Next Meeting

Face-to-Face at Toyama Univ., August 24-26
Satellite meeting on data analysis/data management groups on Aug. 23
As usually in August, we will meet us at Toyama. LOCs (Yoshiki Moriwaki, Kazuhiro Yamamoto, and Kyoichi
Takayama) applied for some support from Toyama City. If they are successful, we may have a free meetingdinner again! So please do not forget to make your registration before August 7.
On the day before the meeting starts, data analysis & data management groups will organize a satellite
meeting, where they will discuss their re-organization plans. KSC board planned to have a site tour after the
F2F, and fully booked for one car-ride already.

GROUP LOGO IS READY
At the face-to-face meeting in
Osaka, Yoshihisa Obayashi (KAGRA
public relation) announced that thelist of logos of the KAGRA
collaboration is ready. It includes
logos 90 institutes and universities.
Unfortunately, due to license
problems, we cannot make T-shirts,
mugs, or jigsaw puzzles using thispicture. But you can use it in yourpresentations, or an advertisementof your efforts, if it helps.
The file is available fromhttps://gwdoc.icrr.u-tokyo.ac.jp/cgi-bin/private/DocDB/ShowDocument?docid=8301

KAGRA MEETING SCHEDULE
Mark your calendar now for the following meetings.
The 20th KAGRA Face-to-Face meeting at Toyama Univ., Aug. 24 (Fri) – 26 (Sun), 2018
Satellite meeting on data analysis/data managing groups, Aug.23
The 21st KAGRA Face-to-Face meeting at National Astronomical Observatory in Japan, Tokyo,
December 5 (Wed) - 6 (Thur), 2018
The 5th KAGRA International Workshop, at Perugia, Italy, Feb. 14 (Thur) – 16 (Sat), 2019
The 22nd KAGRA Face-to-Face meeting at somewhere and someday in March or May.
[We call for the host university/institute.]
The 6th KAGRA International Workshop, in Taiwan, February, 2020

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KAGRA Scientific Congress Newsletter No. 2

2018/08/01

Site Report

Advanced Virgo: the best summer destination
for commissioners
Yuta Michimura
I am now visiting Virgo site for 2 months from June
5. Advanced Virgo commissioning is now in a criticalphase to reach the O3 sensitivity goal of 60-85 Mpc
in the binary neutron star (BNS) range. The
installation of a full monolithic suspension was donein March, and on June 25 we reached the best best
BNS range up to now of 35 Mpc. The sensitivity
improvement is mainly due to frequency noise
subtraction at high frequencies and a tuning of thesuspension controls. Amazingly, the sensitivity below
40 Hz is already compliant with the O3 goal! On
June 26, we doubled the input power from 13 W to
25 W, to reduce shot noise at high frequencies. Afterthe power increase, we were suffering from newissues. On July 23, we finally recovered the full lockof the interferometer, but the sensitivity is still ataround 15 Mpc. Work towards more stable locking
and investigations on some new noise sources isongoing with great efforts.

The best sensitivity was achieved on June 25 (plotfrom Virgo Interferometer Monitor, VIM).

I have been to LIGO for several times, but this is my first visit to
Virgo. The working environment at Virgo is very nice: friendly
people, beautiful weather, excellent facilities, and delicious food. I
realized that working environment is crucial for physics research.
Interferometer commissioning is fun, but it can be even more funwith a better environment.
Virgo site has a superb canteen, whichoﬀers a diﬀerent menu every day.
Buonissimo!

Beautiful sunﬂowers along the west arm.

From my perspective, the KAGRA collaboration resembles more to
Virgo than LIGO in which subgroups are led by different
institutes. Virgo is suffering from the lack of manpower especiallyfor the interferometer commissioning at the site, and therefore
participation of remote people is very active compared with
KAGRA and LIGO. I think many issues Virgo is now facing will be
our own issues in the near future. I hope my experience from theVirgo visit will be useful not only for KAGRA commissioning, butalso for a better collaboration in KAGRA.
This visit is supported by the Young Researchers International
Deployment Program at the University of Tokyo. Visiting abroadfor this long period not be possible without this program and the
support from my colleagues in the Ando group and KAGRA.
Thank you very much.

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KAGRA Scientific Congress Newsletter No. 2

2018/08/01

WE HEAR THAT …
Misao Sasaki moved from YITP (Kyoto Univ.) to IPMU (Univ. Tokyo) as the Deputy Director, April 2018.
Norikatsu Mio moved from Photon Science Center (Univ. Tokyo) to Institute for Photon Science andTechnology (Univ. Tokyo) as a professor, October 2017.
Yuki Inoue moved from Academia Sinica to National Central University as an assistant professor, August
2018.
Matteo Leonardi moved from GEO600 (AEI - Hannover) to NAOJ as an assistant professor, October
2017.
Takahiro Sawada moved from University of Michigan to Osaka City University as a specially-appointed
lecturer, April 2018.
Nguyen Quynh Lan moved from Hanoi National University of Education to the University of Notre
Dame as an adjunct associate professor.
Lucia Trozzo moved from University of Siena to ICRR as a PostDoc, July 2018.
Shota Shibagaki moved from NAOJ to Fukuoka Univ. as a PostDoc, April 2018.
Chihiro Kozakai moved from Univ. Tokyo to KEK as a PostDoc, April 2018.
Darkhan Tuyenbayev moved to Academia Sinica as a PostDoc.
Fabián Peña Arellano moved from NAOJ to ICRR as a PostDoc, April 2018.
Ippei Obata moved from Kyoto Univ. to ICRR as a PostDoc, April 2018.
Congratulations! If you have other news, please let the editors know.

Institute of Geodesy and Geophysics,
Chinese Academy of Sciences [GIF group]

New Groups in KAGRA Collaboration
Two groups joined KAGRA collaborations.

Haoming Yan (Professor)
Xiangfang Zeng (Professor)
Min Zhong (Professor)
Wei Tian (Associate Professor)
Jiangcun Zhou (Associate Professor)
Weiming Zhang (Chief Engineer)

Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics,
Chinese Academy of Sciences. [IOO/VIS group]
Mingsheng Zhan (Researcher)
Jing Wang (Researcher)Dongfeng Gao (Researcher)
Panwei Huang (D2)
Guiguo Ge (M2)

If you moved to a new place within the KAGRA collaboration: Contact to the KSC board. You will be
requested to make a short introduction at the face-to-face meeting.
If you want to join KAGRA collaboration independently: Contact to the KSC board. You are required to have apublic interview at the face-to-face meeting.

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KAGRA Scientific Congress Newsletter No. 2

2018/08/01
The University of Tokyo, ICRR
Yuzuru Yoshii (Project Prof.)
Wataru Ogaki (M1)
Kenta Tanaka (M1)
Taiki Tanaka (M1)
The University of Tokyo, Institute for Photon
Science and Technology
Hiroyuki Tahara (M2)
The University of Tokyo, RESCEU
Hiroaki Ohta (M2)
Junya Kume (M1)
Takuya Tsutsui (M1)
Tokyo Institute of Technology
Melodie Ribes (M2)
Hiraku Sasaki (M1)
Takashi Inoue (B4)
University of Electro-Communications
Shunsuke Ohtsuka (M1)
University of Toyama
Masahito Ogata (M2)
Shin Suzuki (M2)
Kenta Yanagisawa (M2)
Ryosuke Sugimoto (M1)
Kouki Ito (B4)
Kiichi Kaihotsu (B4)
Yuuki Kuromiya (B4)
Yukino Mori (B4)
Yuta Ono (B4)

New Collaborators
Academia Sinica
Yun-Jing Huang (M1)
Darkhan Tuyenbayev (PD)Fukuoka University
Yurie Sakuno (M1)
Hiroshima University
Yuto Kimura (M1)
Hosei University
Yasuka Hashimoto (M1)
Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information
Sangwook Bae (Senior Researcher)
Nagaoka University of Technology
Gen Ueshima (B4)
National Astronomical Observatory of Japan
Risa Shimizu (Engineer)
Niigata University
Kazuhiro Matsuzaki (M1)
Ryo Negishi (M1)Issei Sugai (M1)
Mei Takeda (M1)
Osaka City University
Yuki Tomigami (M1)
The Chinese University of Hong Kong
Terrence Tak Lun Tsang (Grad student)
The Graduate University for Advanced Studies
Rishabh Bajpai (M1)
The University of Tokyo, Dept. Physics
Naoki Kita (M1)

(as of April-June, 2018)

If your affiliation address (or email) changes: Contact Ms. Rie Kikuchi (ICRR).
If your group has new members: Contact Ms. Rie Kikuchi (ICRR), and member-list admins Hideyuki Tagoshi(ICRR) and Sachiko Kuroyanagi (Nagoya U.).
If you have a nice photo: Let the KSC NewsLetter share them.

FROM EDITORSWe are proud of having not received any claims in the premier issue.
We need editorial volunteers, and we want your posts and/or leaksof information, if there is to be the next issue.

planned configuration(Phase 2)y-arm

Please send your inquiries the current editorial staff.
Hisaaki Shinkai (Osaka Inst. Tech. ). hisaaki.shinkai at oit.ac.jp
Ayaka Shoda (NAOJ) ayaka.shoda at nao.ac.jp
Yoshihisa Obayashi (ICRR) ooba at icrr.u-tokyo.ac.jp
Kentaro Komori (Tokyo Univ.)
komori at granite.phys.s.u-tokyo.ac.jp
We thank Matteo Leonardi and Simon Zeidler for proof-reading
the draft.
Our dream is to get the top download counts in JGWdoc.

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