3rd ASIAN WATER CYCLE SYMPOSIUM
Beppu,Beppu, Japan, 22-4th December 2007

DISASTERMANAGEMENTCAPACITY BUILDINGPROGRAMME OF ISRO, INDIA

WATER FORDEVELOPMENTAND ECOSYSTEM

DR. Y.V.N. KRISHNA MURTHYWATER
FINANCING

Dr. V. JAYARAMAN

REGIONAL REMOTE SENSING SERVICE CENTRE
Indian Space Research Organization, Department of Space
INDIA¾Disaster Management
Administrators
Administrators &&Policy/Decision
Policy/Decision makers
makersFunctionaries
Functionaries

Organizations
Organizations && Academia
Academia
NGOs
NGOs && Self
Self help
help groups
groups‘Last‘Last Mile’
Mile’ Outreach
OutreachTechnologicalTechnologicalNew
New Tools
Tools && Methods
Methods
Seamless
Seamless Integration
Integration

GAPS

RealReal TimeTime Issues
IssuesOperational
Operational

Database
Database
Constraints
Constraints
Institutional
Institutional
Constraints
Constraints
Regulation
Regulation

Policies
Policies

Restriction
Restriction
Accountability
Accountability

International
International
Cooperation
Cooperation

CA
P
A
CI
T
Y
B
UI
L
DI
N
G

CAPACITY BUILDING : ROLE OF ISRO / DEPT. OF SPACESpace inputs for Disaster Management and Water for development & ecosystem Functionaries
 Central/State/District/local administrators, policy & decision makers,makers, planners,executives, academia, scientists, NGOs, community etc.

 Technological Continued support of space inputs through IRS and INSAT series ofof satellites
 Operational methodology for National missions & Newer applications
applications
 User need analysis and endend-toto-end value added solutions
 Technological Development Projects and Application Validation ProjectsProjects
 Development of Decision Support Systems & Application Software Consultancy for Infrastructure development & opearationalization of technology

 Operational Database standards & Generation of digital database at different levels and scales.
 National / Regional repository of database on natural resources.
resources.
 Technology Transfer to partner institutions (SRSACs,academia etc.) and industry(SRSACs,academia Training Workshops / seminars / training programmes for endend-users, beneficiaries /stakeholders.

 International Cooperation / international charter

Functionaries

NNRMSNNRMS-Standing Committee on Water Resources (SC(SC-W)• Deals with the issues related to water resources and advise on the methods ofusing the Remote Sensing technology for operational water resourcesmanagement in the country.
• Evaluate the information requirements for the water resources management andassess how much of it can be catered to by present and future RS System,• Identify improved methods of water resources management by adopting newer
techniques of data analysis, integration and modelling,• Design the framework of a water resources information system for decisionmaking at different levels - input parameters, modeling and transformations• Generate national programs / projects with identified sources of funding forachieving the above in the framework of the NNRMS.
•Major activities: Capacity building in the area of water resources• Snow melt run-off in Himalayan river basins• Flood risk zone delineation• Command area development• Ground water targeting• Water resources assessment• Environment impact of water resources projects• Water quality mapping and monitoring• Inter river basin water management• Assessment of Reservoir Sedimentation• Accelerated Irrigation Benefit Project• Soil Moisture Assessment

NNRMSNNRMS-Standing Committee on Training & Education (SC(SC-T)• Deals with the technological and training issues related to RS, GIS and GPS.
• Coordination with the other Standing Committees for evolving continuum oftechnology and training services• Advanced areas for research, value-added services, developing modelingtechnologies, technology transfer issues, equipments and facilities.
• Establishment of an operational mechanism for manpower training at different
levels in the field of Remote Sensing, Resource Management, GIS and integrated
modeling.
• Plan for incorporation of RS and allied fields in School & University curricula.

• Major activities: Capacity building in the area of Remote Sensing and GIS• Support to conduct specific training programmes in different application themes.
• Long-term collaborative training programmes to generate trained manpower• Support to Universities/academic institutes to enable them to set up centralized remote sensing & GIS infrastructure forconducting educational programmes.
• Development of application tools in the area of image processing, GIS and photogrammetry for operationalisation.
• Enhancing Incorporation of RS & GIS in the school course curricula• Initiate new training/education programme in the area of Satellite Oceanography, Meteorology and Atmospheric studies• Pilot project on Edusat Utilization - virtual campus at IIRS, Dehradun for RS training programme.
• Initiate activities towards "Curricula Development" to update and develop curricula in different disciplines• Project on e-learning - speeding up of e-learning project of IIRS, Dehradun.

Indian Institute of Remote Sensing
National Remote Sensing Agency
Dehra Dun-On mission for transferring technology througheducation and training•Objectives
 Capacity building through technology transfer among the usercommunity• Education at Post Graduate level in the field of Remote Sensing• Promote research in Remote Sensing and Geoinformatics.
• Value addition and services.

•Training / Educational Programmes & Courses• REMOTE SENSING AND GIS : MAPPING AND MONITORING OF NATURALRESOURCES• GEOINFORMATICS TECHNOLOGY AND APPLICATIONS• GEOINFORMATICS FOR GEOHAZARDS• NNRMS-ISRO SPONSORED COURSES FOR UNIVERSITY FACULTY• SPECIAL SHORT COURSES ON USERS DEMAND• DECISION MAKERS’ COURSE• INTERNATIONAL PROGRAMMES•International Collaborations•ITC ; IHE ; Wageningen University, The Netherlands ; ADPC, Thailand ;WMO, Geneva ; Switzerland, GDTA ; CNES, France ; ITTO/JOFCA, Japan

Centre for Space Science & Technology Educationin Asia and the Pacific(CSSTEAP)“ Human resource development in the Asia-Pacific region inapplying space science and technology for sustainable
development of the region, achieved through academic excellence
thereby enabling all learners to reach their individual potential.”“By giving to others knowledge increases”
increases”• Established in India on November 1, 1995
• CSSTEAP is administered by an international Governing Board
consisting of representatives of 15 member countries(as of today)
today) in the
AsiaAsia-Pacific Region and representative of the United Nations (UN(UN-OOSA)
and the International Institute of GeoGeo-information Science and Earth
Observation (ITC) in Enschede,Enschede, The Netherlands as observers.

Educational Programme Records• RS & GIS course is conducted every year
• SATCOM and SATMET/Space Science courses are done inalternate years.
• PostPost-graduate level courses - 9-month duration• M.Tech degree• workshops and shortshort-term courses in the four disciplines.

TechnologicalFour Decades of Indian Space Programme
Applications
Applications driven
driven programme
programme
Selfrelianceinbuilding&launching
Self reliance in building & launching satellites
satellites

SATELLITE
LLITE
SATE

SLV-3
SLV-3

ASLV
ASLV47PSLV
PSLV

INSAT-3E
INSAT-3E
28.09.03
28.09.03
ARYABHATAARYABHATA
19.04.75
19.04.75
IRS-1C
IRS-1C28.12.95
28.12.95

INSAT-3A
INSAT-3A
10.04.03
10.04.03

22GSAT-2
GSAT-208.05.03
08.05.03

INSAT-2E
INSAT-2E
03.04.99
03.04.99

INSAT-3B
INSAT-3B
22.03.00
22.03.00

INSAT-3C
INSAT-3C
24.01.02
24.01.02

IRS-P5
IRS-P505.05.05
05.05.05

IRS-P3
IRS-P321.03.96
21.03.96
IRS-1D
IRS-1D
29.09.97
29.09.97

OCM, IRS-P4• EVERY 2 DAYS
• OCEAN APPLICATIONS

GSLV
GSLV

88+ 4 Missions
KALPANA-1KALPANA-1
12.09.02
12.09.02

ONEAMONG
THESIXNATIONSINSAT CCD
EVERY 30 MIN.

IRS-P4IRS-P426.05.99
26.05.99

TESTES22.10.01
22.10.01

IRS-P6IRS-P6
17.10.03
17.10.03

CARTOSAT-1: STEREO IMAGINGCARTOSAT- 2

INDIAN IMAGING CAPABILITY
LISS-IVWIFS, IRS-1C/1D• EVERY 5 DAYS

LISS-I, IRS-1A/1B

LISS-II, IRS-1A/1B• EVERY 22 DAYS

• EVERY 22 DAYSLISS - 3, IRS-1C/1D• EVERY 22 DAYSAPPLICATIONSAPPLICATIONSLAUNCH VEHICLE
VEHICLELAUNCH

NovemberNovember 21,21, 19631963

z SPEECH CIRCUITS ON TRUNKROUTESz TV BROADCASTINGz RADIO NETWORKINGz BUSINESS COMMUNICATIONSEDUSATz About 1000 Earth Stations of DOT
z About 22,000 VSAT’
VSAT’s of private VSAT networkz 33 TV Channels and 1200 TV Transmittersz 300 AIR Radio Networking Stationsz VSAT CONNECTIVITYz TELETELE-EDUCATION/TRAININGz TELETELE-MEDICINEz SEARCH AND RESCUE SERVICESz METEOROLOGY IMAGINGz DISASTER WARNING SYSTEMz DATA COLLECTION PLATFORMS28
Oct-3gmt
2930Oct-9gmt
Oct-6gmt
Oct-3gmt
Oct-9gmt
Oct-6gmt

INSAT IMAGES SHOWING THE CYCLONE MOVEMENTDURING 28 OCT TO 30 OCTOBER 1999

¾ MONITORING & TRACKING OF CYCLONE WITH
INSAT VHRR
¾ SATELLITE BASED CYCLONE WARNINGDISSEMINATION¾ PROVISION OF INSAT MOBILE TELEPHONETERMINALS

Tropical cyclones
April to June
September to December
Formation of about 5 to 6 cyclones
Very strong wind > 200 kmph
Torrential rainfall ~ 50 cm in 24 hrs
High storm surges ~ 10 m high

VARUN

GeoLAWNS : For Land & Water Resources PlanningSARITA: Irrigation Scheduling

DECISION SUPPORTSYSTEMS&GeoLIMIS : Locust Control & Surveillance

APPLICATION SOFTWARE
PACKAGESSINCHAN: Simulation for Irrigation Scheduling

KSHAMTA : Reservoir Capacity Estimation: RunRun-off modelingDMSDQ:DMSDQ: For Flood damage assessment

Operational

Operational services for flood & related disaster management• Database generation at 1:50,000 scale & periodic updation.
updation.

Decision Support Software Tools• Hazard zonation for capturing the vulnerability (Preparedness)• Near real time flood inundation mapping (Response)• Scientific assessment of flood damages (Mitigation)• Mapping of river configuration, flood control works• River bank erosion & chronic flood prone area
• Improved forecasting and warning models• Decision Support Software Tools

Analysis of optical and microwave data for inundation mapping

Semi-automated tools for waterlayer extraction

Orissa Floods - 2007
Floods hit Orissa due to heavy
rains in Orissa state during firstweek of July 2007 due todepression in Bay of Bengal.
Major
riverscrossedits
previous HFL

Normal river
Flood Inundation
LEGEND

FLOOD HAZARD ZONATIONDAMAGE ASSESSMENT

SEARCH FOR RELIEF CENTRESEVACUATION ROUTE

Drought : the silent threat to Indian rural economy
Agriculture – the immediate victim of DroughtConsequences
Unemployment

Fodder Shortage

Frequencyofdroughts
in India18711999

Cattle - Starvation

Drinking Water Shortage• Geographical Area : 328.7 M ha
• Net Sown Area : 142.2 M ha
• Net Irrigated Area : 55 .1 M ha
• 70% of population ( 900 millions) depend on Agril.
• 68% of net sown area(142.2 M ha) is drought prone• 50% of drought prone is severe in nature

Decision Support Centre
Control Room

Data Acquisition, Analysis & Dissemination

Disaster Watch, Satellite dataplanning & Acquisition, Information
Dissemination,
Video conferencing facility

Servers Room

Servers for database, Web &floating licenses management
networked storage systems

Image analysis lab

Data analysis and value addition

The Role of Space-based
Systems & Services

Telemedicine Connectivity

Doctors from Defence Services

VILLAGE RESOURCE CENTRES..more than 300 VRCs already operational• Tele-education
 Dedicated satellite EDUSAT more than 44,000 virtual class rooms• Tele-medicine
 250 nodes operational

WORKSHOP ON WOMEN FARMERS EMPOWERMENTHIGH RESOLUTION MERGED DATA OF IRSNABARD Watershed Development Project
Pahapal Cluster, Pandharkawada Taluk,Yavatmal District, Maharashtra.

HIGH RESOLUTION MERGED DATA OF IRSNABARD Watershed Development Project
Kegaon-Pahapal Cluster, Pandharkawada Taluk,
Yavatmal District, Maharashtra.

Disaster Management Support (DMS) System
Satellite, Aerial & Ground
Systems

E mecomm rgency
unica
tion

anOce ns/teMtioerva
Obses.
h-R nggi
H agiImTer

Real Tim
Mappin eg

Laser peraprain MAWS

Ground based

DWR

Al lwemap atherpingAeri al

Geo.
LEO

Delivery Mechanisms
CWC, IMD, GSI, MOES/DOD, DST, FSI, ..

Networking, Early Warning[CWDS, IOTWS, INFRAS, ..]Decision
Support Centre(DSC)
Products & Services –Damage Assessment,Monitoring, ..

Technology Development & Research ASAR, Forecasting/ Simulation Models, ..

MHA, NDMA, MoA, PMO,
CabSectt [CMG], State
Agencies

NDEM, Hazard Zonation, Risk
Assessment, …

Emergency Communication Network - VPN;
Support - MSS Type-D, WLL VSAT, …

Policies

WATER FOR DEVELOPMENT AND ECOSYSTEM
Water Resources Project
Project Planning
Project Execution

Project Design
Project Operation

Catchment Area

ReservoirCommand Area

- Runoff Analysis- Water Spread &Capacities- Sedimentation- Optimisation
Models- Crop Inventory- Water Demand- Canal Network- Water Logged & Salinity- Change Detection- Irrigation Scheduling- Soil moisture assessment- Erosion Studies- Watershed Development- Change Detection

Land and Water Resources Development Plan
- Incorporation of locallocal-specific knowledge for watershed planning
Collateral Data

Slope

SoilGeology

Remote Sensing

Ground Truth

Guidelines
for funding
Geomorphology

GroundwaterLand Capability

NABARD SUPPORTED HOLISTICWATERSHED DEVELOPMENT
PROGRAMME (NHWDP) For Distressed
Districts of Vidarbha, Maharashtra

Guidelines for funding
By Financial institutions
36 Village Clusters / 90,000 ha (Gat-level
Planning – Net Planning Exercise)
Holistic watershed interventions combinedwith livelihood support activities.
Four Resource Support Organisations(RSOs) will be supervising and guiding the27 Project Implementing Agencies (PIAs)
To enhance the capacity of RSOs/PIAs toutilize the satellite data and related
information for watershed development
projects & Livelihood sustenance.

WATER FOR DEVELOPMENT AND ECOSYSTEMESTIMATION OF RESERVOIR CAPACITY AND SEDIMENTATION

Monitoring Mechanism

Multidate Remote Sensing data provides us actual water spread area of the reservoir on different dates, thus
providing elevation contours in form of water spread. Incorporating water elevation contours into the contour mapof the submergence area for better accuracy to generate Digital Elevation Model (DEM). The DEM is then used forcapacity estimation of reservoir at given water level.
For estimating the peripheral sedimentation for assessing live storages of reservoirs, remote sensing technique is
now widely being used. Due to peripheral sedimentation, the water spread area of reservoir for the particular waterlevel decreases, thus reduces the storage capacity. The reduction in live storage capacities of reservoir between
two time steps is attributed due to sedimentation.

WATER FOR DEVELOPMENT AND ECOSYSTEM
Irrigation Information System
Water users associations

WATER FINANCING
Water levy collection in command areas
FCC of IRS LISS III December 1996

Sugarcane crop classified using three season data

SUGARCANE

Sugarcane crop …… 61,397 ha
Study area ………….
…………. 1,26,567 ha

Water resources
department, Govt. ofMaharashtra, India is
operationally mapping thecrops using RS data in 22
command areas forwater levy collection &water management.

OTHER CROPSSCRUB LANDVILLAGE MEETING TO DISCUSS PROBLEMS & SOLUTIONS

Local elected bodies&Water users associations

InternationalCooperation

INTERNATIONAL CHARTER – SPACE AND MAJOR DISASTERS• Charter is a marvelous collaboration among space
Charter Implementation
agencies
andprivate
entrepreneurs(PPP)• Goals•

to make space basedfor disaster management

To provide emergency authorities– Coordinated access to spacemeans in case of disaster
Mainly EO today but may covertelecom and telemedicine

•

• The
operational
Establishedandthose in need.

procedures
servicesareavailable

intimeareavailable

wellfor• ISROasanactivepartner
intheproviding these services for global community• Principleresources

charter

No exchange of fund
Each signatory commits resources• Agencies• ISRO, CNES, CSA, ESA, NOAA,• CONAE, JAXA, USGS, DMC• GROUND STATIONS TO BE USED
• Hyderabad – South Asia
• South Korea – East Asia
• Thailand – South East Asia

ISRO IS A PARTNER INSENTINEL ASIA
PROGRAMME

Indian EO Missions - The Near Future
Resourcesat 2

Resourcesat 3

TES : Hyperspectral

Wide Field LISS 3(6 ch., 23.5m; 600 km)

Hyper VNIR (64 ch., 25m, 25km)
Hyper SWIR (64 ch., 25m, 25km)
plus…

Water&1120

GEO-HR Imager

Land1020

HR VNIR (4 ch., 50m, 400km)
HR IR (10 ch., 1km, 340 km)
plus…

Cartosat 3
PAN (0.3 m, 10 Km)
MX (4 ch., 1.2m, 10km)

RISAT0920

C-band SAR; 3-50 m

Resourcesat 2

08
20

AWiFS (55m;800 km)
LISS 3 (23.5m; 140 km)
LISS 4 (5.8m; 70 km)

Cargrotchipa
INSAT 3D(VHRR)

Oceansat 2
OCM, Scatterometer,
ROSAaceOn&Aerhpostm

Megha Tropiques
MADRAS, SAPHIR,ScaRab, GPS Occ.

I-STAG
MAPI, MAVELI, MAGIS

ic

RISAT

Cartosat-3

SARAL

MeghaTropiques

SARAL
Ka-Altimeter & Argos

Oceansat -2

INSAT 3D