STERA 3D Manual

STERA 3D ver.5.8
STructural Earthquake Response Analysis 3D

Dr. Taiki SAITO
BUILDING RESEARCH INSTITUTE, JAPAN1

STERA 3D Manual

PrefaceThis software is developed for the following analyses of reinforced
concrete (RC) buildings:
1) Linear modal analysis,2) Nonlinear static push-over analysis,
3) Nonlinear earthquake response analysis.
This software is distributed for free for the use of research andeducational purpose.
Since this software is still under development, the author can not takeany responsibility for the results of this software. It is greatly appreciated tohave any opinions for future improvement.

12 September, 2005

Dr. Taiki SAITO
E-mail: tsaito@kenken.go.jp
Chief Researcher
Building Research Institute, Japan

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STERA 3D Manual

Update history
2008/05/20

STERA_3D Ver.3.9 is uploaded.


2008/07/10

You can set isolation devices in the middle story.

STERA_3D Ver.4.2 is uploaded.
You can directly input material strength (steel and concrete).



Masonry element is added.



In Masonry and Damper Edit Views, you can set the upper beam
types.


2009/01/12

The maximum number of element type is increased to be 30.

STERA_3D Ver.4.3 is uploaded.
You can change the default values for Column, Beam and Wallelements by Option Button in the Edit View.



You can select NRB or LRB for the Isolator element.

You can select Hysteresis Damper or Viscous Damper for the Damper
element.

2009/10/22

2010/03/30

2010/05/06

2010/08/16

STERA_3D Ver.4.4 is uploaded.
You can get the energy response in the time-history analysis.

You can set more detail dimension for Beam and Column elements.

STERA_3D Ver.4.5 is uploaded.
Formulation of P-D effect is changed.



Slight change of output format.

STERA_3D Ver.4.6 is uploaded.
You can select 100 member types.

You can select 20 members for output of time-history response.

STERA_3D Ver.4.7 is uploaded.
You can set “default values” for member type.



You can keep previous member settings after changing floor andspan numbers.



You can select response output for floors, nodes, and members from
Option Menu.


2010/09/02

You can select 100 members for output of time-history response.

STERA_3D Ver.4.8 is uploaded.
You can get the response of side columns of wall element.

When you select the folder of output files, the previous path of thefolder will be displayed.

2010/10/25

STERA_3D Ver.4.9 is uploaded.

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STERA 3D Manual

Shear deformation at the beam-column connection is included.

For beam elements, the shape of hysteresis model for nonlinear
bending springs can be controlled by option parameters.



For column elements, you can input X and Y direction shear
reinforcements respectively.

2010/11/07

STERA_3D Ver.5.0 is uploaded.


2010/12/01

STERA_3D Ver.5.1 is uploaded.


2011/01/17

2011/03/07

2011/09/26

2011/11/15

The bug was fixed for yield rotation of nonlinear spring.

STERA_3D Ver.5.4 is uploaded.
You can neglect nonlinear shear spring by option menu.

You can set the value to amplify the original earthquake directly.



The maximum spans are 30 in X spans and 20 in Y spans.

STERA_3D Ver.5.5 is uploaded.
The bug for Ai-distribution is fixed.

The definition of mass distribution is improved.



You can analyze L-shape wall or sequence walls.

STERA_3D Ver.5.6 is uploaded.
The equation of shear capacity of wall is modified.

The number of input earthquake data is increased.

You can get the axial deformation and force of base isolators.

STERA_3D Ver.5.7 is uploaded.


2012/02/27

The bug was fixed in case several walls are connected.

Unbalance force correction is newly added.

STERA_3D Ver.5.8 is uploaded.
The bug in Masonry element is fixed.

The bug in Flexible floor is fixed.

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STERA 3D Manual

Quick User Manual

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STERA 3D Manual

READ BUILDING DATA①

Double Click②“File”  “Open”
Select an example building “Structure7F.stera”

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STERA 3D Manual

MOVE THE BUILDING① Click

to be actual size.

② Drag the right mouse on the image to rotate the building.
③ Drag the left mouse on the image to enlarge and reduce.

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STERA 3D Manual

EARTHQUAKE RESPONSE① Click

to analyze the building.

② After the message,“Response Setting Dialog” will appear.

8

STERA 3D Manual③: Select X-direction earthquake data file.
For example, “Kobe(EW)”.

④: Select Y-direction earthquake data file.
For example, “Kobe(NS)”.

⑤: Select Z-direction earthquake data file.
For example, “Kobe(UD)”.

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STERA 3D Manual⑥: Start the response: Stop the response: Amplify the response: Reduce the response:: Change the view from double screen to single screen

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STERA 3D Manual

User Manual

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STERA 3D Manual

Basic Assumptions
1)

In a default setting, the displacement freedom of a floor diaphragm isconsidered to be rigid for in-plane displacement and free for out-of-plane
displacement. Elastic deformation of a floor diaphragm in-plane can beconsidered by the option menu.

2)

All structural elements are modeled by line-elements with nonlinear
springs except floor diaphragms which are modeled by FEM models.

3)

Beam element is represented by a model with nonlinear flexural springs at
the both ends and a nonlinear shear spring in the middle of the element,

4)

Column element is represented by a MS (multi spring) model withnonlinear axial springs in the sections of the both ends and two directional
nonlinear shear springs in the middle of the element,

5)

Wall element is represented by a MS (multi spring) model with nonlinear
axial springs in the sections of the both ends and nonlinear shear springsin the middle of the wall panel as well as in the two side columns,

6)Nonlinear springs are introduced for base-isolation elements or verticalelements at the basement. Base-isolation element is represented by the
MSS (multi shear spring) model with nonlinear shear springs in X-Y plane,

7)

Hysteresis damper and nonstructural element are introduced as nonlinear
shear models,

8)

The shear deformation of connection panel between beam and column isconsidered to be rigid or elastic..

9)

In a default setting, structural damping is proportional damping to initialstiffness. It can be changed to be proportional damping to instantaneous
stiffness by the option menu.

Other assumptions and details are written in “Technical Manual”.

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STERA 3D Manual

1. File Arrangement
Please check if you have the following files and folders in the folder “STERA 3D V*.*”:
Stera 3D.exe… Main program

response.exe… Sub-program for response output

Stera7F.stera… Sample building

Stera7F(SI).stera… Sample building with seismic isolation

DataWaves… Folder of earthquake files

OutFiles… Folder of output files (empty)

If you change the places of these files, please put save two executable files; “Stera 3D.exe”
and “response.exe” in a same folder.

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STERA 3D Manual

2. Initial View
Please double crick “Stera 3D.exe”
The left view is “PLAN EDIT VIEW” where you input building plan data, and theright view is “3D VIEW” where you can see the building shape and its response
after the analysis..
To open the building data already saved, [File] [Open], and select the file.

PLAN EDIT VIEW

3D VIEW

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3. Setting Element Pattern
SPAN (mm)STORY
WEIGHT

STORYHEIGHT

CURRENTSTORY“PLAN EDIT VIEW” starts from 1st floor (1F) of a building.
-Please click the place you want to set.

-

Please click again to change the element. It will be changed in the following order:Column (green) -- > Empty -- > Column(green)Beam (green) -- > Wall (dark green) -- > Empty -- > Beam (green)

But, in case of the basement floor (BF), the order is changed as:Base Spring (brown) -- >Empty -- > Base Spring (brown)

If you select Masonry element, Damper element and Isolator element,

Column (green) -- > Isolator (brown) -- > Empty -- > Column(green)Beam (green) -- > Damper (brown) -- > Masonry (brown) -- > Wall (dark green)-- > Empty -- > Beam (green)-

By dragging your mouse in a region, you can set all the elements in the region at once.

-

By clicking the right button of your mouse, you can change the element type number
for column (C1-C100), for beam (B1-B100), and for wall (W1-W100) etc.

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STERA 3D Manual-

To move to another floor and copy or clear the member patterns, you can use thefollowing buttons arranged at the bottom of the PLAN EDIT VIEW:

CLEAR ALL PATTERNMOVE TO UPPER FLOORCOPY LOWER PATTERNCOPY UPPER PATTERNMOVE TO LOWER FLOOR

You can check the arrangement of members on the “3D VIEW”.

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STERA 3D Manual

4. Input Building and Element Information
COLUMNBEAM
WALL
CONNECTION PANELNONSTRUCTURE (option)
BASE SPRING (only BF)

OUTPUT MEMBERBLACK AND WHITEMAX SIZE OF BUILDINGSLAB (option)
DAMPER (option)
ISOLATOR (option)

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STERA 3D Manual

4-1. Input Element Information
COLUMN ()-

Please input the section size where d1
and d2 are the distances of X-rebars
and Y-rebars respectively. If rebars arearranged in two layers, the distance isdetermined as the center of rebar area.

-

For the number of reinforcement bars
and their size, please select the values
from the popup windows.

-

For the material strength, SD and Fc,
you can input values by changing thedefault values.

-

To move to the next element type,please click [ADD] button.

-

You can copy the previous element by[COPY] button.

-

Please click [OK] to finish.

-

The default steel strength used for the
analysis is assumed to be 1.1 times
larger than the nominal strength. You
can change the ratio in [OPTION]
menu.

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STERA 3D Manual-

You can set default values for all
members by selecting the last
member type “Cdef”.

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STERA 3D Manual

BEAM ()

20-

Please input the section size where d1
and d2 are the distances of upperrebars and bottom rebars respectively.
If rebars are arranged in two layers,
the distance should be the center ofrebar area.

-

For the number of reinforcement bars
and their size, please select the values
from the popup windows.

-

For the material strength, SD and Fc,
you can input values by changing thedefault values.

-

To move to the next element type,please click [ADD] button.

-

You can copy the previous element by[COPY] button.

-

You can set default values for all
members by selecting the last member
type “Bdef”.

-

Please click [OK] to finish.

-

The default steel strength used for the
analysis is assumed to be 1.1 times larger
than the nominal strength.

-

The moment of inertia of the beam withslab is assumed to be 1.2 times larger than
the rectangular beam.

-

The parameters to control the shape ofhysteresis model are as follows:-

The default value of stiffness degrading
ratio in the trilinear hysteresis is 0.5. (0: nodegradation)-

The default value of slip stiffness ratio in
the trilinear hysteresis is 0.0 (0: no slip).

-

The default value of strength degrading
ratio in the trilinear hysteresis is 0.0.

-

The default value of Ultimate rotation angle
Ru is 1/50 (=0.02)-

The default value of stiffness ratio over Ru
is 0.01 (could be negative)

STERA 3D Manual

WALL ()-

Please input the section size.

-

For the number of reinforcement bars
and their size, please select the values
from the popup windows.

-

For the material strength, SD and Fc,
you can input values by changing thedefault values.

-

To move to the next element type,please click [ADD] button.

-

You can copy the previous element by[COPY] button.

-

You can set default values for all
members by selecting the last member
type “Wdef”.

-

Please click [OK] to finish.

-

The default steel strength used for the
analysis is assumed to be 1.1 times
larger than the nominal strength. You
can change the ratio in [OPTION]
menu.

-

If there is an opening in wall element,
you can reduce the stiffness and shear
strengthfactorsbyinmultiplying[OPTION]default values are 1.0

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reduction

menu.

The

STERA 3D Manual

CONNECTION PANEL ()

Rigid Zone

Panel Zone

You can set the ratio of the length of rigid zone or panel zone inside connection area.
The default value is 1.0 (to the member face).

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STERA 3D Manual

NONSTRUCTURE () (NOTE: only available when you select in Option menu)-

Please input the size of brick unit andthickness of mortal and compression
strength of these materials.

-

If there is a reinforcement concrete
beam upper of Masonry Wall as shown
below, please select the beam type
number from the pop-up menu.
upper beam-

You can set default values for all
members by selecting the last member
type “Mdef”.

-

If there is an opening in wall element,
you can reduce the stiffness and shear
strengthfactorsbyinmultiplying[OPTION]default values are 1.0

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reduction

menu.

The

STERA 3D Manual

ISOLATOR ()(NOTE: only available when you select in Option menu)-

You can select NRB (Natural Rubber
Bearing)

for NRB Isolator

or

LRB

(Lead

RubberBearing) for Isolator element.
-

You can input the properties of isolator
by [PROPERTY] view.

-The default value of the ratio between
vertical

stiffness,

Kv,

and

the

horizontal stiffness, K0, is 1000.
-

You can set default values for all
members by selecting the last member
type “Idef”.

for LRB Isolator

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STERA 3D Manual

DAMPER DEVICE () (NOTE: only available when you select in Option menu)-

Please select damper type from Elastic,
Hystersis and Viscous and its detailcharacteristics from the pull down
menu.

-

If there is a reinforcement concrete
beam upper of Damper, please selectthe beam type number from the
pop-up menu.

-

You can set default values for all
members by selecting the last member
type “Ddef”.

-

You can input the detail characteristicof the Damper in [PROPERTY] view.

For Hysteresis Damper

For Viscous Damper

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STERA 3D Manual

BASE SPRING ()(NOTE: only available at the Basement Floor, Default is PIN)-

You can set default values for all
members by selecting the last member
type “Sdef”.

VERTICAL SPRINGSLAB ()(NOTE: only available when you select in Option menu.)-

In a default setting, the slab is assumed to be rigid
in plane. You can consider elastic deformation in
the option menu.

-

You can set default values for all members byselecting the last member type “Fdef”.

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STERA 3D ManualMAX. SIZE OF BUILDING ()
You use this button to change the maximum
number of spans and stories of the building.
For the moment, the maximum numbers you canselect are:
Story
Span

:

up to 61:

up to 30 in X-direction
up to 20 in X-direction

You can clear all building information by answering“YES” or you can keep the same building
information after changing floor and span numbersby answering “NO”.

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STERA 3D Manual

4-2. Output Member
You can obtain Force-Displacement relationship of the designated member.
OUTPUT MEMBER ()
If you click this bottom, you can designate the output
member. By one more click, you can cancel it.

Please click the member you want

The member you selected is marked

to get response. You can select upby

to 20 members.

force-deformationacircle.

You

can

see

the

curve

for

the

member with a red circle.
By one more click, the color of thecircle will change to be red and its
force-deformation curve will be
displayed in 3D view.
By the right click, you can cancel
the selection.

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STERA 3D Manual

4-3. Option Menu
You can change default values in the option menu. [Option (O)]29

STERA 3D Manual

OPTION  STRUCTURE

[1]

[2]

[6]

[3]

[7]

[4]

[8]

[5]

[9]

[1]. Restrained freedom number
Please indicate the freedom numbers to restrain the freedoms.
[2]. Floor Assumption

Flexible Floor  slab is modeled as a FEM model to consider in-planeelastic deformation.
[3]. P-Delta EffectConsidered  P-Delta effect is considered in element stiffness matrix ofcolumn and wall.
[4]. Nonlinear Shear Spring
If it is not considered, shear spring is elastic.
[5] Mass distribution at nodes in a floor[6]. Passive Damper Device[7]. Isolator[8]. Masonry Wall[9]. Young’s Modulus of Steel

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STERA 3D Manual

OPTION  ANALYSIS  STATIC
Cyclic loading is possible controllingwith the drift of the top of a building.
1. No. of Maximum Segment
The total number of segments in cyclicloading,
2. No. of Separation of Segment
Number of calculation steps in one
segment for static analysis to increase
the accuracy of nonlinear analysis,
Loading program is defined by thetarget drift angle, D1, D2 … D150, at
the top of a building in each loading
segment. To move to the next angle,
please click [ADD] button.

1. No. of Separation of Time
Separating the original time interval of
input earthquake into a smaller timeinterval will increase accuracy andstability in numerical integration,
however, it also increase calculation
time. For example, if the original timeinterval is 0.02sec and “No. of
Separation of Time” = 5, then, the timeinterval of numerical integration willbe 0.004 sec (= 0.02 sec / 5).
The maximum data size multiplying
number of input earthquake andseparation number is 60,000.

OPTION  ANALYSIS  DYNAMIC

2. Damping
Three types of damping matrix areavailable:
1) [C] = a[K0] : proportional to [K0]2) [C] = a[Kp] : proportional to [Kp]3) [C] = a[K0]+b[M] : Rayleigh damping
The first mode damping factor, h1, isused for type 1) and 2). The second
mode damping factor, h2, is used fortype 3).
3. Numerical Integration Method
You can select the method from the
Average Acceleration Method and theForce Correction Method.

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OPTION  ANALYSIS  OUTPUT

You can select response output tocreate files to save data.
1. Floor response
Output of story displacement and shear
force at the center of gravity in eachfloor will be saved.
It is marked as a default setting.
2. Nodal response
Output of deformation and external
force at all nodes will be saved.
Note that the file size will be quite
large.
It is not marked as a default setting.
3. Member response
Response of the members marked bycircles will be saved.
It is marked as a default setting.

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5.

3D View of Building

5-1. 3D View of Building[1] [Default] () set the ratio between span and story height as 1 and 0.5.

[2] [Actual] () use the actual ratio between span and story height using input data.

MOVE
ROTATION
ENLARGE /REDUCEACTUAL SIZE
DEFAULT SIZE[3] You can change the view by moving the mouse as follows:- Rotation: Left-click and dragging- Enlargement and Reduction: Right click and dragging

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STERA 3D Manual[4]

If the [Analyze] () is activated, by clicking the button, you can make an initial

analysis for getting natural periods and mode shapes.
[5]

If the analysis is successfully done, the following message will appear on the screen.
By click [OK] button, RESPONSE SETTING DIALOG will also appear.

RESPONSE SETTING DIALOG

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STERA 3D Manual

5-2. Modal Analysis[1] On the RESPONSE SETTING DIALOG, please click the MODE number from [0] to [6]to see the view of mode shape and the value of natural period.
[2] On the 3D VIEW, () stops the vibration) pauses the vibration.

and (
[3] (

) starts the vibration of each mode, () amplifies the response. ([4] Slider () reduces the response.
) changes the speed of vibration.

[5] () will save the results into text files.

[6] () changes the color of the view to be black and white.

[5] Save data
[6] Black and White[4] Speed[1] Response Setting[3] Amplify / Reduce[2] Play / Stop

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STERA 3D Manual

5-3. Nonlinear Static Push-Over Analysis[1] Please set loading conditions for the STATIC LOAD:“Direction”:

please select loading direction from the menu.
1. X“Distribution”:

2. –X (opposite to X)

3. Y

4. -Y (opposite to Y)

please select a loading distribution along the height of thebuilding. The load is applied at the center of gravity in each floor.
1. Ai“Target Drift”:

2. Triangular

3. Uniform

4. UBC

5. Modeplease set the target drift ratio which is defined by the ratio
between the top displacement and the height of the building.
1. 1/50 2. 1/100 3. 1/200

4. Cyclic[2] Please select the response for the lower view window.
[3] On the 3D VIEW, () starts,() pauses and () stops the response.

In the upper view, you can see an arrow under the building to indicate the loading
direction, also a progressing bar, and colors of ductility factors (U).
[4] () will change the view from 2-screens to 1-screen and vise versa.

[1]

[2]

[3]

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[4]

STERA 3D Manual

1: Drift-Shear Relation
Relationship between Story Drift and Story Shear Coefficient(Story Shear / Total Weight)

2: Capacity Curve
Capacity curve for equivalent 1DOF system

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STERA 3D Manual

3: Member Response
M-θ relationships of the designated member (with ○):- both ends for Beam38

- X and Y at bottom for Column

STERA 3D Manual

5-4. Nonlinear Earthquake Response Analysis[1] On the RESPONSE SETTING DIALOG, please set earthquake data:“File(X)”:

Please select earthquake input file for X-direction.

“File(Y)”:Please select earthquake input file for Y-direction.

“File(Z)”:Please select earthquake input file for Z-direction (up-down).

“Power”:

Set the value to amplify the original earthquake[2] Please select the response for the lower view window.
[3] On the 3D VIEW, () starts,() pauses and () stops the response.

In the lower view, you can see the input earthquake wave and present status.
[4] () will change the view from 2-screen to 1-screen and vise versa.

[5] () will save the response animation as a movie file (see 5-5).

[5]

[2]
[1]

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[3]

[4]

STERA 3D Manual

1: Input Earthquake Ground Motion
Earthquake ground acceleration wave in horizontal
direction (X and Y) and vertical direction (Z)2: Top Displacement Response
Top displacement at the center of gravity

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STERA 3D Manual

3: Orbit of Top Displacement
Orbit of the top displacement at the center of gravity

4: Base Shear - Top Drift
Top displacement and base shear force relationship41

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5: Energy Response
K: Kinematics Energy
N: Energy dissipation by Nonlinear Dampers
F: Energy dissipation by Frame members
D: Energy dissipation by Viscous Damper

6: Member Response
M-θ relationships of the designated member:- both ends for Beam42

- X and Y at bottom for Column

STERA 3D Manual

Format of input earthquake data file
When you prepare an input earthquake file by yourself, please arrange the data format asfollows:
Order

Type

Information

Comments

1st data

INT

0 or 1

0: Earthquake ground acceleration data only
1: Earthquake ground acceleration data and（ID）ground displacement data
2nd data

INT

Number of data

(NDATA)
3rd data

If ID=1, the number of data for accelerationmust be the same as that for displacement.

REAL

Time interval

(sec)

REAL

Acceleration

1, 2, …, NDATA (cm/sec2）

Displacement

1, 2, …, NDATA (cm)(DT)
4th data
and later

The maximum data size multiplying number of input earthquake (NDATA) and separation
number (NDIV) is 60,000. ( NDATA * NDIV < 60,000 ).

Example)
0
750
0.020
-1.40

-10.80-10.10

-8.80

-9.50

-12.00-14.20-12.80-11.00

-8.50

-8.50

-13.10-17.60-19.40-16.20-14.40-10.80

-8.20

-4.20

-6.60

-13.10-19.00-19.60

-6.60

3.00

14.10

-4.90

-12.80-14.40-20.30-26.00-32.50-30.60-17.20-19.7043

STERA 3D Manual

5-5. Save Nonlinear Earthquake Response as a Movie File
Generally, it takes long time to calculate earthquake response of a building. You can savethe response of the building in a movie file and later you can open the movie to see theresponse quickly.

1) Record movie[1] On the RESPONSE SETTING DIALOG, please select earthquake input files in themenu “EARTHQUAKE”.
[2] Please push the movie button () and write the file name such as “Movie.txt”.

[3] () stops the response.

) displays the response. (

[1]

[2]

[3]

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2) Play movie[1] On the RESPONSE SETTING DIALOG, please pushin the “MOVIE” menu toselect a movie file.
[2] () displays, () pauses and () stops the response.

[1]

[2]

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5-6. Change Analysis[1] On the RESPONSE SETTING DIALOG, you can change the analysis:
Mode:

Modal Analysis

Static:Nonlinear Static Push-Over Analysis

Earthquake:

Nonlinear Earthquake Response Analysis

Movie:

Movie for Nonlinear Earthquake Response Analysis

[1]

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6. Save and Open Files
6-1. Save Building Data
You can save the building data in a file and open it later. The file has an extension “.stera”.

NEW FILE
OPEN FILESAVE FILE

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6-2. Save Results of Analysis into Text Files
To save the results of analysis in text files, you must run another program.
[1] On the RESPONSE SETTING DIALOG, please set the condition of analysis.
[2] Please push the “Save Data” button ().

[3] Please select folder to save output files.
[2]

[1]

[3]

[4]

48

STERA 3D Manual[4] When you push “OK”, a window appears to start calculation and save output data to thedesignated folder.

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In the designated folder, the following files are automatically created:

data_*** structural data of elements or structure

max_*** maximum response of elements or structure

response_eccentricity: eccentricity and rigigity ratio
response_eigen : natural periods and mode shapes
response_member01,02,… : member response
response_node : nodal resposne
response_structure : story responsebeam: Beamcolumn: Column

wall: Walldamper : Damper and Nonstructural wall
spring: Vertical springbi: Base Isolator

structure : Building

50

STERA 3D Manual1) “response_eigen.txt”
In this file, the results of modal analysis including natural periods, mode vectors, stimulus
functions are saved.
Natural Period

Mode Vector

51

Stimulus Function

STERA 3D Manual2) “response_structure.txt”[1] In case of nonlinear static analysis, the following data are saved for each story.

kstep
calculation step in static analysis< Equivalent 1DOF system>sd
displacement (cm)saacceleration (gal)<Relative story displacement>Fstory number
sdx
story drift in X-direction (cm)sdystory drift in Y-direction (cm)srzrotational angle around Z-direction (torsion angle)＜Story shear force>sfx
story shear force in X-direction (kN)sfystory shear force in Y-direction (kN)
<Displacement from the ground at the center of gravity in each floor>dx
displacement in X-direction (cm)dydisplacement in Y-direction (cm)rzrotational angle around Z-direction[2] In case of earthquake response analysis, the following data are saved for each story:ttime step in dynamic analysis<Relative story displacement>Fstory number
sdx
story drift in X-direction (cm)sdystory drift in Y-direction (cm)srzrotational angle around Z-direction (torsion angle)＜Story shear force>sfx
story shear force in X-direction (kN)sfystory shear force in Y-direction (kN)
<Displacement from the ground at the center of gravity in each floor>dx
displacement in X-direction (cm)dydisplacement in Y-direction (cm)rzrotational angle around Z-direction

52

STERA 3D Manual3) “response_eccentricity.txt”
This file includes the output of eccentricity ratio and rigidity ratio based on Japanesestandards.

0 F : basement floor

53

STERA 3D Manual4) “response_member.txt”[1] In case of Beam< Moment >Disp.
Force.
Rya
Mya
Rpa
Mpa
Ryb
Myb
Rpb
Mpb
< Shear Force >Disp.
Force.
Rsx
Qsx

Ductility Factor
Uya
End A
Upa
End B
Uyb
Nonlinear Rotational Spring at End A
Upb
Nonlinear Rotational Spring at End B
Ductility Factor
Usx
Nonlinear Shear Spring[2] In case of Column< Moment >Disp.
Force.
Rya
Mya
Ryb
Myb
Rxa
Mxa
Rxb
Mxb
< Shear Force >Disp.
Force.
Rsx
Qsx
Rsy
Qsy
<Axial Force>
Disp
Force
Dz
Nz
< Multi-spring >Disp.
Force.
C1D(a) C1F(a)C2D(a) C2F(a)C3D(a) C3F(a)C4D(a) C4F(a)C5D(a) C5F(a)S1D(a)
S1F(a)
S2D(a)
S2F(a)
S3D(a)
S3F(a)
S4D(a)
S4F(a)
S5D(a)
S5F(a)
C1D(b) C1F(b)C2D(b) C2F(b)C3D(b) C3F(b)C4D(b) C4F(b)C5D(b) C5F(b)S1D(b)
S1F(b)
S2D(b)
S2F(b)

Ductility Factor
Uya
Uyb
Uxa
Uxb

End A
End B
End A
End B

Ductility Factor
Usx
Usy

Nonlinear Shear Spring
Nonlinear Shear Spring(Bottom)(Bottom)(Bottom)(Bottom)

Y-direction
Y-direction
X-direction
X-direction

Total Force from Spring
Nz2
Ductility Factor
C1U(a)
C2U(a)
C3U(a)
C4U(a)
C5U(a)
S1U(a)
S2U(a)
S3U(a)
S4U(a)
S5U(a)
C1U(b)
C2U(b)
C3U(b)
C4U(b)
C5U(b)
S1U(b)
S2U(b)

End A
End A
End A
End A
End A
End A
End A
End A
End A
End A
End B
End B
End B
End B
End B
End B
End B

54

Concrete Spring 1
Concrete Spring 2
Concrete Spring 3
Concrete Spring 4
Concrete Spring 5
Steel Spring 1
Steel Spring 2
Steel Spring 3
Steel Spring 4
Steel Spring 5
Concrete Spring 1
Concrete Spring 2
Concrete Spring 3
Concrete Spring 4
Concrete Spring 5
Steel Spring 1
Steel Spring 2

X-direction
Y-direction

STERA 3D Manual

S3D(b)
S4D(b)
S5D(b)

S3F(b)
S4F(b)
S5F(b)

S3U(b)
S4U(b)
S5U(b)

End B
End B
End B

Steel Spring 3
Steel Spring 4
Steel Spring 5[3] In case of Wall

< Moment >Disp.
Force.
Ductility Factor
Rya
Mya
Uya
End A
(Bottom) Y-direction
Ryb
Myb
Uyb
End B
(Bottom) Y-direction
Rxa
Mxa
Uxa
End A
(Bottom) X-direction
Rxb
Mxb
Uxb
End B
(Bottom) X-direction< Shear Force >Disp.
Force.
Ductility Factor
Rsx
Qsx
Usx
Nonlinear Shear Spring
X-direction<Axial Force>
Disp
Force
Total Force from Spring
Dz
Nz
Nz2
< Multi-spring > (springs 11-15 in a wall panel)
Disp.
Force.
Ductility Factor
C11D(a) C11F(a) C11U(a)End A
Concrete Spring 11
C12D(a) C12F(a) C12U(a)End A
Concrete Spring 12
C13D(a) C13F(a) C13U(a)End A
Concrete Spring 13
C14D(a) C14F(a) C14U(a)End A
Concrete Spring 14
C15D(a) C15F(a) C15U(a)End A
Concrete Spring 15
S11D(a) S11F(a) S11U(a)End A
Steel Spring 11
S12D(a) S12F(a) S12U(a)End A
Steel Spring 12
S13D(a) S13F(a) S13U(a)End A
Steel Spring 13
S14D(a) S14F(a) S14U(a)End A
Steel Spring 14
S15D(a) S15F(a) S15U(a)End A
Steel Spring 15
C11D(b) C11F(b) C11U(b)End B
Concrete Spring 11
C12D(b) C12F(b) C12U(b)End B
Concrete Spring 12
C13D(b) C13F(b) C13U(b)End B
Concrete Spring 13
C14D(b) C14F(b) C14U(b)End B
Concrete Spring 14
C15D(b) C15F(b) C15U(b)End B
Concrete Spring 15
S11D(b) S11F(b) S11U(b)End B
Steel Spring 11
S12D(b) S12F(b) S12U(b)End B
Steel Spring 12
S13D(b) S13F(b) S13U(b)End B
Steel Spring 13
S14D(b) S14F(b) S14U(b)End B
Steel Spring 14
S15D(b) S15F(b) S15U(b)End B
Steel Spring 15[4] In case of Vertical Spring< Axial Force >Disp.
Force.
Dz
Fz

Ductility Factor
Uz[5] In case of Base Isolator< Shear Force and Axial Force>
Disp.
Force.
Ductility Factor
Dx
Qx
Ux
Dy
Qy
Uy
Dv
Fv

X-direction (Shear)Y-direction (Shear)
Z-direction (Axial)[6] In case of Damper and Nonstructural Wall
< Shear Force >Disp.
Force.
Dx
Qx

Ductility Factor
Ux

X-direction

55

STERA 3D Manual7) “response_node.txt”

Node number in each floor

kstep
node
< Displacement>
dx
dy
dz
rx
ry
rz
<Force>fx
fyfz

calculation step in static analysis
node number
displacement in X-direction (cm)displacement in Y-direction (cm)displacement in Z-direction (cm)rotational angle around X-direction
rotational angle around Y-direction
rotational angle around Z-direction )force in X-direction (kN)force in Y-direction (kN)force in Z-direction (kN)56

STERA 3D Manual

6) “max_****.txt”
In this file, the maximum stress and displacement of each member and the maximum story
responses are saved.
[1] “max_baem.txt”

Ductility factor

Beam

M at the end of flexural part A
M at the nonlinear spring A
M at the end of flexural part B
M at the nonlinear spring B
Q

M

A

 


Moment distribution


 

B

M

MY

BE

M

M

M

My

My
k0 

Mc

k 0  y k0

c

y

6 EI
l

=

+

kp  

k0c  yElastic element[2] “max_column.txt”

McNonlinear bending spring

Column

MX: Moment in X-direction
MY: Moment in Y-direction
ST: Steel
CO : Concrete
Q : Shear
N: Axial force

57

STERA 3D Manual[3] “max_wall.txt”,

Wall

MY: Moment at the wall panel
MXA, MAB: Moment at the side columns A and B
ST: Steel
CO : Concrete
Q1 : Shear at the wall panel
Q2, Q3: Shear at the side columns A and B
N: Axial force

58

STERA 3D Manual[4] “max_structure.txt”

Floor responseF
story numberhstory height (cm)<Maximum relative story displacement>
sdx
story drift in X-direction (cm)sdystory drift in Y-direction (cm)ssx
story drift in X-direction (cm), shear component
ssy
story drift in Y-direction (cm), shear component<Maximum story shear force>sfx
story shear force in X-direction (kN)sfystory shear force in Y-direction (kN)<Maximum displacement from the ground at the center of gravity in each floor>dx
displacement in X-direction (cm)dydisplacement in Y-direction (cm)rzrotational angle around Z-direction

59

STERA 3D Manual7) “data_****.txt”
To know the member number and member properties, please refer to “data_***.txt”.

Member number
C---B---C---B---C--|B|
C|

Properties60