WIRELESS IP AND BUILDINGTHE

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18The two fastest growing communication networks of the last decade werethe Internet and wireless networks.
Now these formerly separate networks
have s t a r t e d to converge with thedeployment of 2.5 and third-generation
mobile networks as well as the emergence o f wireless Internet hot spots
based on the IEEE 802.11 standards.
F u t u r e networks will consist of anenhanced IP-based backbone that seamlessly interconnects different wired andwireless access systems. They will bebased on the Internet Protocol as a unifying layer that supports a variety oflink layer standards.
This book presents an overview of
the convergence of wireless and Internet technologies. T h e editors havedivided the book into five sections covering wireless I P evolution, QoS andresource management, TCPiIP in wireless networks, handoff, mobility and signaling, and services and applications.
The first chapter introduces the concept of wireless IP. The second chapter
describes the-evolution of radio interface technologies from second- to thirdgeneration (2G-4G) networks. T h edemand for IP-based wireless hroadhand access is driven by cost advantages, the consumer interest in access to
traditional Internet and location-based
services on wireless devices, and thepossibility to provide open application
platforms. T h e next three chapters
describe the 2.5G technology generalpacket radio sirvice (GPRS) and the3G technology UMTS. G P R S is anenhancement of 2G networks that originally only supported the circuit-switchedvoice application to provide low-bandwidth data services with minimal QoS
support. The initial releases, 3 and 4, ofthe U M T S architecture consist of aradio access system that supports both
circuit-switched voice and packet-based
data applications, but they require two
separate circuit- and packet-switched
networks. Release 5 introduces the IP
multimedia core subsystem that supports multimedia applications based on
the SIP protocol. Chapter 5 gives anoverview of possible networking protocols and layer 2 technologies for theUMTS terrestrial radio access network(UTRAN) that deploys IP as the transport layer protocol. Architectural principles of 4G networks and actual
research issues are presented in Chap-ter 6. Chapter 7 gives an overview of ad
hoc networks. Routing protocols, mobili t y management technologies, and amechanism to provide global connectivity for ad hoc devices are explained.
The ability to guarantee end-to-end
QoS is critical for the wmmercial successof future wireless technologies. Chapter
8 identifies the scarcity of resources andmobility of end users as the main obstacles to guaianteeing QoS in wireless networks. The traditional differentiated andintegrated :services models as well as theResource Reservation Protocol (RSVP)
are not feas:ible options for ensuring QoS
over a wire:less interface. An extension of
the integrated services models that
includes the transmission of additionalparameter:; that characterize either thenetwork o.i the way packets should be
handled by network elements is illustrated. Chapter 9 proposes the deploymentof an RSVP proxy at the edge of thewireless neiwork in order to transparently support RSVP-capable applications
over a wireless access network. Chapter
10 discusses the challenges to deliver
VoIP with ;in acceptable perceptual quality over wireless networks and suggests asolution based on unequal error protection. QoS models, signaling and routing
protocols that were designed for thewired internet are not efficiently applicable to mobile ad hoc networks. New technologies that are especially designed forad hoc networks are presented in chapter
11. Chapter 12 gives a mathematicalframework for the call and packet admission control problems for wireless interfaces. T h e .concept of multicarrier
allocation :systems,frequency diversity,and carrier grouping on the downlink ofa wireless IP network are explained in
the next chapter.
T C P is not inherently adapted t oerror-prom: and dynamic wireless channels. Chapi.er 14 describes technologies
at the physical and medium access control (MAC) layer that try to hide losses
from the TCP sender. Chapter 15 presents reliable multicast congestion control schemes and their adaptation towireless me:dia.
The mobility management in IP networks is split into macro- and micromobility management. Whereas Mobile IP
handles macromobility, two approaches- hierarchical mobility managementareand host based routing protocols
proposed ior micromobility management. I n o r d e r to achieve seamlessroaming between wireless access points,
handoff techniques that minimize packet loss and latency are required. Chapter 18 d i x u s s e s different bandoff
strategies for a wireless networks that(Continued on page 21)~IEEE Communications Magazinelune 2004

BOOK REVIEWS(Continuedfrom page I X )’deploy Mobile IPv6. Chaptcr 21 completes this discussion by proposing apolicy for the application of route optimization, a part of the Mobile IP protocol, in case of a handoff.
The Location Independent Network
Architecture (LINA) is an alternativetechnology to Mobile lPv6. It splits thenetwork layer into identification anddelivery sublayers. Specific servers map
the identification layer information ofthe target node to its actual location,
which allows thc delivery suhlaycr tosend packets to the target node. T h elntegratcd Cellular and Ad Hoc Relaying ( C A R ) system is a technology thataddresses the congestion problem in cclM a r networks. In order tu divcrt traffic
from a congcsted cell, a mohilc host canuse the bandwidth in neighboring cellsby rclaying through neighboring ad hocrelay stations. The application of Mobile
IP to enahle a Wirclcss Access Protocol( W A P ) handover between GSM andI E E E 802.1 Ih networks is treated in
Chaptcr 22. Chapter 23 dcscribes differ-ent network layer architectures for interworking and handover between a wircless LAN and an UMTS network. The
next two chapters present a lucationbased push architecture for the mobile
lntcrnct and a proposal for a unified
signaling network architecture in wireless IP overlay networks.
Chapter 26 discusses technologies
that enhance thc distribution of content
in wireless networks. Actual research
focuses on air intcrface urotocol O D t i mizations, content adaptation, and proxyservices. The next chapter explains theconcept of perceptual quality of service
for voice and video applications. The
hook ends with two chapters that treat
the importance of video transcoding forvideo streaming applications, and givea n overview o f security services andalgorithms in wireless networks.
T h e book maintains a clear stylethroughout all chapters and provides
thc reader an in-depth understanding of
wireless IP network technolonies andopen research problems.
~SOLUTION TO PUZZLE 255“I find that when I go to a mccting of
the Acoustics Society 1 can’t hear thespeaker, at the Optical Society I can’t
read the slides, while at the Information Theory Society I can’t understand a blessed word the sueaker issaying.”
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isit us a t SUPERCOMMlotb #28013 in t h e S U h HallIEEE Communications Magazine * June 2004

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