Outline of ICHARM activities- Research, Development& Capacity Building -Kuniyoshi TAKEUCHI& Kazuhiko FUKAMI
International Centre for Water Hazard and Risk
Management (ICHARM),
Public Works Research Institute (PWRI), JapanOctober 2005
33rd UNESCO General
Conference
JPN proposal accredited by 191 countries

ICHARM

International Centre forWater Hazard and Risk
Management
under the auspices of UNESCO
hosted by PWRI, Tsukuba

3 March, 2006
in Paris

6 March, 2006
at Tsukuba

Background: Birth of ICHARM
International Centre for Water Hazard and Risk Managementz

IDNDR 1990-1999 & ISDR 2000-, MDGs, WSSD, Hyogo
Framework of Action 2005 etc.
z International Flood Initiative (IFI)• Initiated by UNESCO-IHP in 2002 & officially launched as a
UNESCO-WMO-UNU-ISDR-IAHS-IIASA program in 2005 in Kobe.

zzzzz

ICHARM was proposed by UNESCO and MLIT at the
MC of 3WWF in March 2003
UNESCO 16th IHP-IGC, 33 GC, September 2004
UNESCO 33rd General Conference, October 2005
Final signing by UNESCO, G of Japan & PWRI on 3 March 2006
ICHARM was established on 6 March 2006
• A UNESCO Category II Global Center established by the govn’t ofJapan hosted by Public Works Research Institute (PWRI), Tsukubaz

In those three years, Katrina, Indian Ocean Tsunami, Leyte Isl.
Landslide and many others occurred.

UNESCO’s Water-Related Centers
CATEGORY I
UNESCO-IHE Institute for water
9. IHP-HELP Center for WLPS (Watereducation, The Netherlands, 2003
law, policy & science), Dundee, UK,2005______________________________
10. CAZALAC (Arid & semi-arid zones of
CATEGORY II
LA&C), La Serena, Chili, 2006
2. IRTCES (erosion & sedimentation)
11.
ICHARM(Water hazards), Tsukuba,Beijing, China, 1984
Japan,
2006
3. IRTCUD (urban drainage) Belgrad,
12. European RC for Ecohydrology, Lodz,
Serbia & Montenegro, 1987
Poland, 2006
4. CATHALAC (Humid tropics of Latin
13. RC Urban water management forA&C), Panama, 1992
LA&C, Cali, Colombia, 2006
5. HTC (Humid tropics), Kuala________________________________
Lumpur, Malaysia, 1999
Under preparation
6. RCTWS (Arid and semi-aridzones), Cairo, Egypt, 2002
14. RC Management of shared
groundwater resources, Tripoli, Libya
7. RCUWM (Urban watermanagement), Teheran, Iran, 2002 15. RC drought in Sub-Saharan Africa,
Namibia
8. ICQHHS (Qanats and historic
hydraulic structures), Yadz, Iran,
16. RC Ecohydrology, Cibinong,
2003
Indonesia
1.

Public Works Research Institute(PWRI)
z History

1927: Established
1979: Relocated to Tsukuba(Area:126ha, Staff: 550)
2001: Re-organized into two institutes(PWRI and NILIM)
2006: Merged with Civil Engineering ResearchInstitute of Hokkaido
z Staff : 389 (including 266 researchers)z 14 research groups with 37 research teamsz Budget (FY 2006): 10 bil. JPY (82 mil. USD)

Increase of flood damage potentialAccelerated increase in vulnerability

No change in damages

Decrease in inundated areaMLIT

ICHARM Objective
International Centre for Water Hazard and Risk Managementz To be the global Center of Excellence toprovide and assist implementation of thebest practicable strategies to localities,
nations, regions and the world to manage
the risk of water related hazards including
floods, droughts, land slides, debris flows
and water contamination.
• At the first stage, the priority is flood-related
disasters

ICHARM Guiding Principles
International Centre for Water Hazard and Risk Managementz Needs Driven rather than supply drivenz Advocate Integrated Risk Management(including avoidance, reduction, transference andacceptance) in multifaceted societal, economical,institutional and cultural conditions as well as
technological availability.
z Produce Policy Effective Informationz Research Development and Capacity

Building togetherz Alliance with all the related organizations
and initiatives

Research (examples)z Local studies (Identification of the real needs ofthe people in diverse localities) Æ Diagnosis &Prescription• Disaster (Flood) Preparedness Indices & ISO

z Satellite & High-tech-based Flood Alert System(with JAXA, IFNet/GFAS/IFAS etc.)
z Floods & global warming: risk estimates andcounter measures (MEXT fund for 2007-2012)• JMA/MRI GCM (20km mesh) Æ• Development of risk indices,• Drawing a Global flood risk map,
• Estimating Adaptation cost (structural & non-structural)z Flood Hazard Mapping:• methodologies to map in remote localities with poor data
• effective and beneficial use of HMs in real local situation

Flood disaster mitigation
with flood forecasting and warning systems（Typical situations in developing countries)
1.Monitoring of meteorological & hydrological conditions
×Low density of gauging stations, low sustainability of maintenance ofobservatories, etc.

2.Flood forecasting
×Lack of real-time hydrologic data, therefore difficult to construct and run
forecasting & warning system

3.Analysis of forecasts and judging risks
×Lack of historical hydrologic & statistical data on flood events and damage,therefore difficult to judge risks compared with real-time information and/orsimulations.

4.Dissemination of warning
×Lack of disaster-management community and communication network,
incompatibility of flood information with local society and needs, etc.

5.Crisis management （flood fighting, evacuation, etc.）
×Improper governance, insufficient institutional cooperation, etc.

As at 00:00, 06 27 2006 (GMT)

http://www.internationalfloodnetwork.org/Fromrainfall to
local floodforecasts.

NASA andInfrastructure
DevelopmentInstituteDevelopment ofIntegrated Flood Analysis System (IFAS)
A computer software package specifically for flood
runoff analyses with GUI using ground-based andsatellite-based rainfall data
Being developed by a joint research (FY2005-2007)
at ICHARM/PWRI,
Infrastructure Development Institute (IDI/IF-Net),and nine major civil-engineering consulting companies

Satellite rainfall

Runoff analysis
Global GIS data

Utilization of satellite-based rainfall

InternetSatellite-based rainfall data

CSV file

Ground-based rainfall data

Data at different times.

Automatic Estimate of Parameters
as a first approximationby use of globally available GIS datasets

automatically

Use global GIS data such as USGS-GTOPO30, GLCC, etc.

User friendly graphical interfaces

Real-Time
GSMaP
JAXA,JST-CREST(Prof. Ken’ichi OKAMOTO,
Osaka Pref. Univ. et al.)

42

Y136

Y2
Y330

Y4Y5For storm events at Tone &Yoshino R., Japan

Y6
T1
T224GSMaP4.6(MVK)

T31842.0

3h basin average data (mm/h)

126

Y1Y2GSMaP4.8+(MVK) Precipitation (mm/h)

GSMaP4.6(MVK) Precipitation (mm/h)

ICHARM/PWRI036.0

Y3
Y430.0

Y5Y6
T124.0T318.0

12.0

6.0

0.0

0.0

6.0

12.0

18.0

24.0

30.0

36.0

42.0

0.0

6.0

Gauged Precipitation (mm/h)
42Y1

Y4Y530Y6CMORPH

T124T2
T318123B42RT Precipitation (mm/h)

Y33612.0

18.0

24.0

30.0

36.0

42.036.042.0

Gauged Precipitation (mm/h)

42Y136Y2Y330Y4Y524Y6T1Y2
CMORPH Precipitation (mm/h)

GSMaP4.8+(MVK)

T23B42RTT2T318126

600
0.0

6.0

12.0

18.0

24.0

30.0

Gauged Precipitation (mm/h)

36.0

42.0

0.0

6.0

12.0

18.0

24.0

30.0

Gauged Precipitation (mm/h)

Future mission: Global
Precipitation Measurement (GPM)
Core Satellite
Dual-frequency Precipitation Radarand microwave radiometer
Observation of rainfall with moreaccurate and higher resolution
Adjustment of data fromconstellation satellites
JAXA (Japan)
Dual-frequency Precipitation RadarNASA(US)Satellite bus, microwave radiometer(launch in 2013)

Constellation
Satellites
Each carrying microwave
radiometers, provided byinternational partners
More frequent Observation

International Partners ：NOAA(US), NASA(US), JAXA(Japan), CNES/ISRO(France/India)
and others(launch around 2013)

Global Observation every 3 hours¾ Improve the accuracy of both long-term and short-term weather forecasts¾ Improve water resource management in river control and irrigation systems
for agriculture

Aftercareprogramsin trainees’
localities

Advanced Land Observing
Satellite (ALOS) Launch: 24 January, 2006.
 Objectives:

Mt. Fuji observed by PRISM

 Cartography
 Regional observation

Disaster monitoring Resource surveying

PALSAR (L-band SAR)
Cloud-freeDay-night observation
Optical sensors

Flooding simulation with satellite-based DEM- Inundation depth Each
Eachgrid
gridhave
havemaximum
maximumvalue
value
for
thecalculation
for the calculationperiod
periodAbsolute error ofinundation depth from
SRTM3 in this area
Mean: 0.06m
RMSE: 0.92m

Depth (m)SRTM3LiDAR

Training (examples)z Training courses• Flood hazard mapping course (2004-, JICA)• River and Dam engineering course (1969-, JICA)• Comprehensive Tsunami training (2008-, ISDR)z Aftercare program for implementation intrainees local communities (2006-, JICA)• KL, 2007; China, 2008
z Master Course on Water-related Risk

Management with National Graduate Institute for
Policy Studies (GRIPS) supported by JICA started in
October 2007
• Bangladesh, China, India, Nepal, Japan

Training (examples)z Training courses• Flood hazard mapping course (2004-, JICA)• River and Dam engineering course (1969-, JICA)• Comprehensive Tsunami training (2008-, ISDR)z Aftercare program for implementation intrainees local communities (2006-, JICA)• KL, 2007; China, 2008
z Master Course on Water-related Risk

Management with National Graduate Institute for
Policy Studies (GRIPS) supported by JICA started inOctober 2007
• With 11 students from Bangladesh, China, India, Nepal,
Japan & Philippines

Master Course on Disaster Management
Policy (water-related disasters)zzzzzzz

One year Master Course jointly established by GRIPS andPWRI supported by JICA
Offered to practitioners in public & private sectors mainly indeveloping countries in Asia and Africa.
Started in Oct 2007. The first year students are eleven from
China, India, Bangladesh, Nepal, Philippines & Japan.
Foster practice and solution oriented engineers who canplan and implement disaster management as part ofdevelopment and lead the local practices.
Through lectures, exercises and filed studies.
Master theses will be Feasibility Study of local project
proposals.
Taught by univ profs & administrative practitioners

Information Networking(examples)z Collection of local site-specific information• ICHARM Local Study Series• ICHARM Flood Year Bookz Monitoring of the improvement of flood

preparednessz Analyses of global data sets collected
elsewhere Æ policy effective information• Lead organization of WWDR Risk management chapter(WWDR2 Chapt 10 Managing Risk)

Thank you for your attention!