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Unit

1

am/is/are (be 動詞の肯定文、否定文)
A

Anna のように、自分のことを am/is/are を用いて話してみましょう。
My favorite color is blue.

My father is a doctor, and my motheris a journalist.

私の好きな色は青です。

私の父は医者です。…ジャーナリストです。

I’m a student.

My favorite sports are
tennis and swimming.

私は学生です。

私の好きなスポーツは…

I’m American. I’m from Chicago.
私はアメリカ人です。…シカゴ出身です。

My name is Anna.

私は美術に興味があります。

I'm not interested in politics.

歳です。

私の名前はアンナです。

B

I’m interested in art.
I’m 22.
私は 22

政治には興味がありません。

ANNA《形と語順》am/is/are（be 動詞）は主語に応じて使い分けます。否定文は、
これらの be 動詞の後ろに not を置いて作ります。am/is/are は短縮形で用いられることが多く、否定の短縮形には 2 種類ありますが意味上の違いはありません。
肯定

I
he
she
it
we
you
they

否定

am
is

are

(I’m)
(he’s)(she’s)(it’s)(we’re)(you’re)(they’re)

I
he
she
it
we
you
they

am notis notare not(I’m not)(he’s not(she’s not(it’s not(we’re not(you’re not(they’re not

or
or
or
or
or
or

he isn’t)
she isn’t)
it isn’t)
we aren’t)
you aren’t)
they aren’t)

短縮形

短縮形
《意味》肯定形は「…である、…がある」を表します。

I’m scared of dogs.

I’m tired, but I’m not hungry.
I’m 32 years old. My sister is 29.
Alex is scared of dogs.
Jane is Australian. She isn’t American.
These ﬂowers are nice, and they aren’t expensive.
It’s 10:00. You’re late again.
I’m cold. Can I close the window?

「犬は苦手なんだ」《意味》否定形は「…ではない、…がない」を表します。

James isn’t a teacher. He’s a student.
Anna and I are good friends.
Paris is a beautiful city.
Our house is near downtown.
Tom isn’t here. He’s at work.
Your keys are on the table.
hot/warm/cold/sunny/dark などは it’s と共に使用します。
It’s sunny today, but it isn’t warm.

C

I’m cold. Can I close
the window?

短縮形*：that、there、here を主語にした次のような短縮形もよく用いられます。

that’s = that isthere’s = there is
here’s = here isThank you. That’s very nice of you.

Here’s your key.

（⇒ ありがとう。
ご親切にどうも）Look! There’s Chris.（⇒ あっ！クリスだ）“Here’s your key.” “Thank you.”（⇒「鍵をどうぞ」―‒「ありがとう」）Thank you.

*短縮形：アポストロフィーを使って短縮された英単語やフレーズ

2

am/is/are（疑問文) ➜ Unit 2
短縮形 ➜ 付録 4

there is/are ➜ Unit 35© in this web service Cambridge University Press

it’s➜ Unit 37

a/an ➜ Unit 63(at) home ➜ Unit 106

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練習問題
1.1

1.2

1.3

1

she’s / we aren’t などの短縮形を答えなさい。
1 she is she’s
3 it is not
2 they are
4 that is
am、is、are のいずれかを空所に入れなさい。
1 The weather is
nice today.
2 I
not rich.
3 This bagvery heavy.
4 These bags
very heavy.

5
6
7
8

5 I am not
6 you are not
Look! There
Rachel.
My brother and I
good tennis players.
Amy
at home. Her children
at school.
Ia taxi driver. My sistera nurse.

例にならって文を完成させなさい。

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8

Matt is sick. He’s
in bed.
I’m not hungry, but
thirsty.
Mr. Thomas is a very old man.
98.
These chairs aren’t beautiful, but
comfortable.
The weather is nice today.
warm and sunny.
“late.” “No, I’m not. I’m early!”
Catherine isn’t at home.
at work.
“
your coat.” “Oh, thank you very much.”
セクション 1A に書かれている Anna の文を参考にして、自分のことを述べる文を作りなさい。

1.4

1
2
3
4
1.5

Unit

5 (好きな色は?)My
6 (興味のあることは?)I(名前は?) My(出身は?) I(年齢は?) I(職業は?) I

以下の語を用いて、それぞれのイラストの内容に合う文を作りなさい。

angry

1

cold

hot

hungry2

She’s thirsty
1
2 They3

scaredthirsty

4

3 He
4

5

6

5
6

例にならい（ ）内の語句と is/isn’t または are/aren’t を用いて、自分のことなどを述べる文を作りなさい。

1.6

1
2
3
4
5
6

It isn’t hot today.
(it / hot today)(it / windy today)It(my hands / cold)
My(Brazil / a very big country)(diamonds / cheap)(Quebec / in the United States)
(

7
8
9
10

or

It’s hot today.

) 内の語句と I’m / I’m not を用いて、自分のことを述べる文を作りなさい。
I’m tired.
or I’m not tired.
I(tired)(hungry)(in bed)(interested in politics)➜ 補足練習問題 1 (p. 238)

© in this web service Cambridge University Press

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Unit

2

am/is/are (be 動詞の疑問文)
A

イラストのように am/is/are を用いて英語で質問してみましょう。
《形と語順》am/is/are（be 動詞）の疑問文は、be 動詞を主語の前に置いて作ります。
肯定

What’s your name?

疑問

I am
he
she isithe?
is she?
it?

weyou arethey

we?
are you?
they?

David.

あなたの名前は？

am I?

Are you married?
あなたは既婚者ですｷか？

No, I’m not.

How old are you?

25.

あなたの年齢は？

Are you a student?

Yes, I am.

あなたは学生ですかｩ？

“Am I late?” “No, you’re on time.”“Is your mother home?” “No, she’s out.”“Are your parents home?” “No, they’re out.”“Is it cold in your room?” “Yes, a little bit.”Your shoes are nice. Are they new?

疑問文を作る際には主語の前に be 動詞を置きます。主語以外の要素の前には置けません。

Is she home? / Is your mother home? (× Is home your mother?)
Are they new? / Are your shoes new? (× Are new your shoes?)

B

Where（どこ）/ What（何）/ Who（誰）/ How（どのように）/ Why（なぜ）などの語は文頭に置きます。
Where is your mother? Is she home? [ 場所 ]“Where are you from?” “Canada.” [出身（出身はどちらですか）]“What color is your car?” “It’s red.” [色]“How old is Joe?” “He’s 24.” [年齢]“How are your parents?” “They’re ﬁne.” [状態（お元気ですか）]
These shoes are nice. How much are they? [値段]This hotel isn’t very good. Why is it so expensive? [理由]is と結び付いた次のような短縮形もよく用いられます。
what’s = what is
who’s = who is
how’s = how is
What’s your phone number?
Where’s Emily?

C

where’s = where is
Who’s that man?
How’s your father?

ショートアンサー*：主語に応じて be 動詞の形が変わります。否定には 2 つの短縮形があります。

Yes,

I am.

I’m

he
she is.
it

he’s
she’s
it’s

we
you are.
they

No,

not.

or

we’re
you’rethey’re

No,

he
she
it

isn’t.

That’s my seat.

No, it isn’t.

weyou aren’t.
they“Are you tired?” “Yes, I am.”“Are you hungry?” “No, I’m not, but I’m thirsty.”“Is your friend Japanese?” “Yes, he is.”“Are these your keys?” “Yes, they are.”“That’s my seat.” “No, it isn’t.”（「私の席です」―‒「違いますよ」）*ショートアンサー：与えられた質問に対し、過不足なく必要な情報のみを与える答え方。

4

am/is/are（肯定文、否定文) ➜ Unit 1

疑問文 ➜ Unit 42© in this web service Cambridge University Press

what/which/how ➜ Unit 45(at) home ➜ Unit 106

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練習問題
2.1

2.3

2

それぞれの質問に対する答えとしてふさわしいものを選びなさい。

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
2.2

Unit

Where’s the camera?
Is your car blue?
Is Nicole from London?
Am I late?
Where’s Megan from?
What color is your bag?
Are you hungry?
How is Christopher?
Who’s that woman?

A Toronto.
B No, I’m not.
C Yes, you are.
D My sister.
E Black.
F No, it’s black.
G In your bag.
H No, she’s American.
I Fine.

G( ) 内の語句を正しい語順に並べ替えて、適切な疑問文を作りなさい。
Is your mother home
1 (is / home / your mother)
How are your parents
2 (your parents / are / how)
3 (interesting / is / your job)
4 (the stores / are / open today)
5 (from / where / you / are)
6 (interested in sports / you / are)
7 (is / near here / the train station)
8 (at school / are / your children)
9 (you / are / late / why)

?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?

What … / Who … / Where … / How … で始めて、右側の文が答えとなるような疑問文を作りなさい。
How are

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
2.4

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

your children?
the bus stop?
your children?
these oranges?
your favorite sport?
the man in this photo?
your new shoes?

They’re ﬁne.
At the end of the block.
Five, six, and ten.
$1.50 a pound.
Skiing.
That’s my father.
Black.

Eric の答えに適した疑問文を作りなさい。
ERIC

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
2.5

What’s your name?
(name?)(Australian?)(how old?)(a teacher?)(married?)(wife a lawyer?)(from?)(her name?)(how old?)

Eric
No, I’m Canadian.
I’m 30.
No, I’m a lawyer.
Yes, I am.
No, she’s a teacher.
She’s from Mexico.
Ana.
She’s 27.

それぞれの質問に対して、Yes, I am. / No, he isn’t. のようなショートアンサーで答えなさい。

1 Are you married?
2 Are you thirsty?
3 Is it cold today?

No, I’m not.

➜ 補足練習問題 1–2 (pp. 238–239)© in this web service Cambridge University Press

4 Are your hands cold?
5 Is it dark now?
6 Are you a teacher?

5
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Unit

3

I am doing (現在進行形)
A

身の周りで進行している動作や出来事を英語にしてみましょう。

We’re running.

I’m eating.

She’s eating.
She isn’t reading.

It’s raining.
The sun isn’t shining.

They’re running.
They aren’t walking.

(食べているところです。

（雨が降っています。

（ランニングしています。

読んではいません）

太陽は照っていません）

歩いてはいません）《形と語順》am/is/are + doing/eating/running/writing のように、be 動詞と ‒ing を組み合わせて現在進行形が作られます。be 動詞の後ろに not を置くと現在進行形の否定形になります。

I
he
she
it
we
you
they

B

am (not)is (not)‒ing
are (not)I’m working. I’m not watching TV.
Maria is reading a newspaper.
She isn’t eating. (or She’s not eating.)
The bus is coming.
We’re having dinner.（⇒ 夕食を食べているところです）
You’re not listening to me. (or You aren’t listening …)
The children are doing their homework.

《意味》現在進行形 am/is/are + -ing は「今…しているところ、…している」のように、話し手が話をしている瞬間に出来事が起こっていることを表します。

I’m working
She’s wearing a hat
They’re playing baseball
I’m not watching TV
過去

現在

未来

Please be quiet. I’m working.（⇒ 今、仕事をしているところです）
Look, there’s Sarah. She’s wearing a brown coat.（⇒ 今、茶色のコートを着ています）〔着替えている最中ではないことに注意〕put on 〜（〜を着る、着替える）
The weather is nice. It’s not raining.
“Where are the children?” “They’re playing in the park.”〔電話で〕We’re having dinner now. Can I call you later?
You can turn oﬀ the TV. I’m not watching it.
《つづり》以下のようにつづりが変わる動詞もあります。付録 5 を参照してください。

come → coming
run → runninglie → lying

6

write → writing
dance → dancing
sit → sitting
swim → swimming

am/is/are（肯定文、否定文）➜ Unit 1
are you doing?（疑問文）➜ Unit 4
What are you doing tomorrow? ➜ Unit 24と I do（単純現在形）➜ Unit 8
I am doing（現在進行形）© in this web service Cambridge University Press

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練習問題

Unit

3

以下から適切な動詞を選び，それぞれのイラストの内容に合う文を作りなさい。

3.1

eat

have

1

lie

play

2

sit

wait

3

She’s eating
1
2 He
3 They4

an apple.
for a bus.
soccer.

5

6

on the ﬂoor.
breakfast.
on the table.

456以下から適切な動詞を選び、正しい形に変えて文を完成させなさい。

3.2

build
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8

cook

leave

JANE
(

3.4

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10

stay

swim

take

work

Please be quiet. I ’m working.
“Where’s John?” “He’s in the kitchen. He.”“You
on my foot.” “Oh, I’m sorry.”
Look! Somebody
in the river.
We’re here on vacation. We
at a hotel on the beach.
“Where’s Sue?” “Shea shower.”They
a new hotel downtown.
I
now. Goodbye!

She's -ing / She isn't -ing に(

3.3

stand

)内の語句を続けて、Janeの状況を説明する文を完成しなさい。.
1 (have dinner) Jane isn’t having dinner.
2 (watch television) She’s watching TV.
3 (sit on the ﬂoor) She
4 (read a book)
5 (play the piano)
6 (laugh)
7 (wear a hat)
8 (drink coﬀee)) 内の語句を用いて、現在の状況を表す文を作りなさい。
I’m not washing my hair.
It’s snowing.

(I / wash / my hair)(it / snow)(I / sit / on a chair)(I / eat)(it / rain)(I / study / English)(I / listen / to music)(the sun / shine)(I / wear / shoes)(I / read / a newspaper)or

It isn’t snowing.

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Unit

4

are you doing? (現在進行形の疑問文)
A

身の周りで進行している動作や出来事について質問してみましょう。

What are you doing?

《形と語順》現在進行形の疑問文は、am/is/are（be 動詞）を主語の前に置いて作ります。

「何をしているの？」
肯定

疑問

I

am

he
she
it

is

we
you
they

are

am

I

is

he
she
it

are

we
you
they

doing
working
going
stayingなど

doing?
working?
going?
staying?
など“Are you feeling OK?” “Yes, I’m ﬁne, thanks.”“Is it raining?” “Yes, take an umbrella.”
Why are you wearing a coat? It’s not cold.（⇒ なぜコートを着ているの？）“What’s Eric doing?” “He’s studying for his exams.”“What are the children doing?” “They’re watching TV.”
Look, there’s Emily! Where’s she going?
Who are you waiting for? Are you waiting for Sue?

B

《形と語順》疑問文は「 is/are + 主語 + ‒ing 」の語順で構成されます。where/what/when/how/why などの語は必ず文頭に置きます。

is/are

Where
Where

C

Is
Is
are
are

+ 主語 + ‒ing
he
Ben
they
those people

working today?
working today? (× Is working Ben today?)going?
going? (× Where are going those people?)

ショートアンサー：主語に応じて be 動詞の形が変わります。be 動詞の疑問文と同じ形を用います。

I

Yes,

he
she
it
we
you
they

am.

I’m

is.

he’s
she’s
it’s

No,
are.

not.

or

No,

we’re
you’rethey’rehesheit

isn’t.

we
you
they

aren’t.

“Are you leaving now?” “Yes, I am.”“Is Ben working today?” “Yes, he is.”“Is it raining?” “No, it isn’t.”“Are your friends staying at a hotel?” “No, they aren’t. They’re staying with me.”8

I am doing（現在進行形）➜ Unit 3

What are you doing tomorrow? ➜ Unit 24© in this web service Cambridge University Press

疑問文 ➜ Units 42–45

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練習問題
4.1

Unit

4

イラストを参考にして、会話が成り立つように疑問文を作りなさい。

1

2(you / watch / it?)Are you watching it?

(it / rain?)No, not right now.

Yes, see you tomorrow.

No, you can turn it oﬀ.

4

3(you / leave / now?)

5(you / enjoy / the movie?)

6(that clock / work?)(you / wait / for a bus?)No, for a taxi.
No, it’s broken.

Yes, it’s really funny.
4.2

以下から適切な動詞を選び、イラストの状況に合うように疑問文を完成させなさい。

cry

1

4

eat

go

What are you
readinglaughlook at

2
?

5

Why
?

4.3

4.4

(
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8

Where

read

she
?

3

?

6

What

What

Why

?

?

) 内の語句を正しい語順に並べ替えて、適切な疑問文を作りなさい。
(is / working / Ben / today) Is Ben working today(what / the children / are / doing) What are the children doing(you / are / listening / to me)(where / your friends / are / going)(are / watching / your parents / TV)(what / Jessica / is / cooking)(why / you / are / looking / at me)(is / coming / the bus)

?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?

それぞれの質問に対して、事実に合うように Yes, I am. / No, it isn’t. のようなショートアンサーで答えなさい。

1 Are you watching TV? No, I’m not.
2 Are you wearing a watch?
3 Are you eating something?
➜ 補足練習問題 3 (p. 239)

© in this web service Cambridge University Press

4 Is it raining?
5 Are you sitting on the ﬂoor?
6 Are you feeling all right?

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Unit

5

I do/work/like など (単純現在形)
A

自分自身や周りの人について、単純現在形で説明してみましょう。

We read a lot.
I like ice cream.

They have a lot of books.

He’s eating an ice cream cone.

（⇒ 本をたくさん所有している）（⇒ 今、食べているところ）

They read a lot.（⇒ 一般的に本を多く読む）

He likes ice cream. ⇒ 一般的に…が好き）《形と語順》They read / he likes / I work などの形は単純現在形と呼ばれます。単純現在形では、主語によって動詞の形が変化します。

I/we/you/they

read

like

work

live

watch

do

have

he/she/it

reads

likes

works

lives

watchesdoes

has

he works / she lives / it rains などのように、主語が he / she / it の場合には動詞の語尾に ‒s が付きます。
I work in an oﬃce. My brother works in a bank. (× My brother work)
Emily lives in Houston. Her parents live in Chicago.
It rains a lot in the winter.
I have → he/she/it has のように、動詞 have は has に変化します。
John has lunch at home every day.
*単純形：単純現在形の「単純」とは「進行形ではない形」を意味します。
《つづり》以下のような動詞の場合には注意が必要です。(付録 5 を参照)

‒s / ‒sh / ‒ch の場合は語尾に ‒es を付ける：‒y の場合は y を i に変えて語尾に ‒ies を付ける:
do や go には語尾に ‒es を付ける：

B

pass → passes
ﬁnish → ﬁnishes watch → watches
study → studies try → tries
do → doesgo → goes《意味》単純現在形は「普段／よく／つねに…する、…である」のように、現在時に限定されない習慣的な動作や出来事を表します。

I like big cities.
Your English is good. You speak very well.
Tom works very hard. He starts at 7:30 and ﬁnishes at 8:00 at night.
The earth goes around the sun.
We do a lot of diﬀerent things in our free time.
It costs a lot of money to build a hospital.

C

always（いつも…する）/ never（決して…ない）/ often（よく…する）/ usually（たいてい…する）/ sometimes（ときどき…する）のような頻度を表す語は、単純現在形の動詞の前に置きます。

Sue always gets to work early. (× Sue gets always)
I never eat breakfast. (× I eat never)We often sleep late on weekends.
Mark usually plays tennis on Sundays.
I sometimes walk to work, but not very often.

10

I don’t …（否定文）➜ Unit 6
Do you … ?（疑問文）➜ Unit 7（頻度を表す副詞の語順）➜ Unit 92
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I am doing（現在進行形）と I do（単純現在形）➜ Unit 8

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978-4-889-96945-0 — Basic Grammar in Use Book with Answers and Downloadable Audio Japanese Edition
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練習問題
5.1

Unit

5

主語に応じて、それぞれの動詞に ‒s または ‒es を付けなさい。

1 (read) she
2 (think) he
5.2

reads

3 (ﬂy)it
4 (dance) he

5 (have) she
6 (ﬁnish) it

以下の動詞を用いて、それぞれのイラストの内容に合う文を作りなさい。

eat

1

go
My piano.

live

play

2

play

sleep

3

4

We love
movies.

5

Our house.

6

SEVEN HOURSA NIGHT Z
Z Z

Tennis is myfavorite sport.
He plays
1
2 They3
5.3

tennis.
to the movies a lot.
seven hours a night.

456以下から適切な動詞を選び、正しい形に変えて文を完成させなさい。

boil

5.4

the piano.
in a very big house.
a lot of fruit.

close

cost

cost

like

like

meet

open

speak

teach

wash

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10

Maria speaks
four languages.
Banks usually
at 9:00 in the morning.
The art museum
at 5:00 in the afternoon.
Jessica is a teacher. She
math to young children.
My job is very interesting. I
a lot of people.
Mike’s car is always dirty. He neverit.
Food is expensive. It
a lot of money.
Shoes are expensive. Theya lot of money.
Water
at 100 degrees Celsius.
Julia and I are good friends. I
her, and she() 内の語句を正しい語順に並べ替えて、文を完成させなさい。動詞は arrive や arrives などのように適切な形にす

me.

ること。

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

(always / early / Sue / arrive) Sue always arrives early.
(to the movies / never / I / go)(work / Hannah / hard / always)(like / chocolate / children / usually)(Julia / parties / enjoy / always)(often / people’s names / I / forget)(TV / Nick / watch / never)(usually / dinner / we / have / at 6:30)(Jenn / always / nice clothes / wear)(

5.5) 内の語句と always/never/often/usually/sometimes のいずれかを組み合わせて、自分のことを述べる文を作りなさい。

12
3
4
5(watch TV in the evening) I usually watch TV in the evening.
(read in bed) I(get up before 7:00)(go to work/school by bus)
(drink coﬀee in the morning)

11© in this web service Cambridge University Press

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