Tagged and Accessible PDF with LATEXFrank Mittelbach, Ulrike Fischer
LATEX Project

Berlin, September 2022

Frank Mittelbach, Ulrike Fischer

Tagged and Accessible PDF with LATEXThe scenery▶ What is LATEX and why
should we care?
▶ The PDF challenge▶ The opportunity

Frank Mittelbach, Ulrike Fischer

Tagged and Accessible PDF with LATEXLATEX’s long history▶ It predates HTML / PDF / Unicode / CSS / . . .
– and has been parent or inspiration for many of the later concepts

Frank Mittelbach, Ulrike Fischer

Tagged and Accessible PDF with LATEXLATEX’s long history▶ It predates HTML / PDF / Unicode / CSS / . . .
– and has been parent or inspiration for many of the later concepts▶ First version around 1984 by Leslie Lamport– with focus on printing (and viewing)– Initially, output was DVI (device independent format)– with translations to printer languages (e.g. PCL)
– and to PostScript as a major workflow

Frank Mittelbach, Ulrike Fischer

Tagged and Accessible PDF with LATEXLATEX’s long history▶ It predates HTML / PDF / Unicode / CSS / . . .
– and has been parent or inspiration for many of the later concepts▶ First version around 1984 by Leslie Lamport– with focus on printing (and viewing)– Initially, output was DVI (device independent format)– with translations to printer languages (e.g. PCL)
– and to PostScript as a major workflow▶ LATEX 2ε in 1994 by the LaTeX Project Team– still at the core of what is used today– still with focus on printing

Frank Mittelbach, Ulrike Fischer

Tagged and Accessible PDF with LATEXLATEX’s long history▶ It predates HTML / PDF / Unicode / CSS / . . .
– and has been parent or inspiration for many of the later concepts▶ First version around 1984 by Leslie Lamport– with focus on printing (and viewing)– Initially, output was DVI (device independent format)– with translations to printer languages (e.g. PCL)
– and to PostScript as a major workflow▶ LATEX 2ε in 1994 by the LaTeX Project Team– still at the core of what is used today– still with focus on printing▶ Since then continual development and enhancements
Frank Mittelbach, Ulrike Fischer

Tagged and Accessible PDF with LATEXLATEX’s use today▶ Widely used input language for the typesetting engine TeX– more than 10k daily users at latex-project.org from around the globe

Frank Mittelbach, Ulrike Fischer

Tagged and Accessible PDF with LATEXLATEX’s use today▶ Widely used input language for the typesetting engine TeX– more than 10k daily users at latex-project.org from around the globe▶ These days main output format is PDF

Frank Mittelbach, Ulrike Fischer

Tagged and Accessible PDF with LATEXLATEX’s use today▶ Widely used input language for the typesetting engine TeX– more than 10k daily users at latex-project.org from around the globe▶ These days main output format is PDF▶ The lingua franca in STEM / MINT disciplines– 10+ million users on Overleaf (online collaboration service using LATEX)– 2+ million documents at arXiv.org (archive for STEM publications)– Numerous journal and university styles

Frank Mittelbach, Ulrike Fischer

Tagged and Accessible PDF with LATEXLATEX’s use today▶ Widely used input language for the typesetting engine TeX– more than 10k daily users at latex-project.org from around the globe▶ These days main output format is PDF▶ The lingua franca in STEM / MINT disciplines– 10+ million users on Overleaf (online collaboration service using LATEX)– 2+ million documents at arXiv.org (archive for STEM publications)– Numerous journal and university styles▶ . . . but usage in basically any field and type of application– critical editions– game typesetting (chess, go, ...)– database driven publications

Frank Mittelbach, Ulrike Fischer

Tagged and Accessible PDF with LATEXLATEX’s use today▶ Widely used input language for the typesetting engine TeX– more than 10k daily users at latex-project.org from around the globe▶ These days main output format is PDF▶ The lingua franca in STEM / MINT disciplines– 10+ million users on Overleaf (online collaboration service using LATEX)– 2+ million documents at arXiv.org (archive for STEM publications)– Numerous journal and university styles▶ . . . but usage in basically any field and type of application– critical editions– game typesetting (chess, go, ...)– database driven publications▶ More than 5000 extension packages
Frank Mittelbach, Ulrike Fischer

Tagged and Accessible PDF with LATEX

Some LATEX’s strengths (highlights only)▶ LATEX focuses– on semantic structure — kept separate from formatting– on reuse with different formatting– but users are also able to overwrite automatic formatting withdetailed process instructions

Frank Mittelbach, Ulrike Fischer

Tagged and Accessible PDF with LATEX

Some LATEX’s strengths (highlights only)▶ LATEX focuses– on semantic structure — kept separate from formatting– on reuse with different formatting– but users are also able to overwrite automatic formatting withdetailed process instructions▶ Features– high-quality (unsurpassed) typesetting, in particular for mathematics– long-term compatibility — documents from the nineties and earlier are
still processable– programmable and extensible — typesetting solutions for nearly every
problem and domain exist

Frank Mittelbach, Ulrike Fischer

Tagged and Accessible PDF with LATEXLATEX: Typesetting examplesُ‫ِإ َی ّاك َ نعَ ۡب ُد ُ و َِإ َی ّاك َ ن َۡستعَ یِ ن‬

Everything written symbols can say has

already passed by …

μὴ θορυβεῖτε, ὦ ἄνδρες Ἀθηναῖοι

hey are like tracks left by animals.
That is why the masters of meditation refuse to accept thatwritings are final. The aim is to reach true being by meansof those tracks, those letters, those signs; but reality itself
is not a sign, and it leaves no tracks. It doesn’t come to
us by way of letters or words. We can go toward it, by following thosewords and letters back to whence they came from.

Tসবকিছু প্রবাহিত হয়
Piano ă

G 44

n
Q

i=1

ZZZZ

Sekante

ε0Z0Z0ZkZ
Z0Z0o0Z0
0Z0o0ZpZ
Z0Z0aro0
4
0Z0Z0Z0l
3
ZPZ0A0ZP
2
PO0L0ZPZ
1
Z0Z0ZRJ0
7
6
5

f (x0 )x0

f (w, x, y, z) dw dx dy dz ≤8

f (x0 + ε)ε

x0 + εFrank Mittelbach, Ulrike Fischer

x

a

b

c

d

e

f

2

ˇ ˇ ˇ
ˇ ˇ ˇ
ˇ
ˇ

Q

f (x0 + ε) − f (x0 )

P

ˇ

ˇ

G 44 ˘f (x)-------------( LaTeX I use )-------------\\____\_.’ : ‘._.-.’‘. ;.’‘.-.
__/ : ___\ ; /___ ; \__,’_ ""--.:__;".-.";: :".-.":__;.--"" _‘,:’ ‘.t""--.. ’<@.‘;_ ’,@>‘ ..--""j.’ ‘;‘:-.._J ’-.-’L__ ‘-- ’ L_..-;’"-.__ ; .-" "-. : __.-"
L ’ /.------.\ ’ J
"-.
"--"
.-"
__.l"-:_JL_;-";.__.-j/’.; ;"""" / .’\"-.
.’ /:‘. : :/.".’’; ‘.
.-" / ;‘.". :
."."
:
"-.
.+"-. : :".".". ."."
;-._
\

‫۝‬٤

g

≾

I

∂Q

ˇ`

ˇ ˇ ˘
ŐŐ

ˇ ˇ ˇ ˇ
f ′ max

ˇ

ˇ ˇ ˇ

∥w∥
∥z∥
∥w ⊕ z∥;;|w2 + x2 | |y 2 + z 2 | ∥x ⊕ y∥

 t=ϑ
Q(t)
f ∗  √− (∆ + ν − v)3
1 − t2
Q⋐Q̄
]



h

Tagged and Accessible PDF with LATEX

t=α



LATEX: Source example\documentclass{demo1} % or demo2\author{Frank Mittelbach}\title{Example \LaTeX{} document}\begin{document}\item some math\item a figure.
\end{itemize}\subsection{Some Math}
A famous equation\begin{equation} E= mc^2 \end{equation}\maketitle\tableofcontents\section{Sample text}
Take a look at figure~\vref{fig:cups}.

\section{Introduction}
This example shows\footnote{See\url{https://latex-project.org} for more.}\begin{itemize}\item the title\item the table of contents\item section headings\item a list
\item some text
\item a footnote
Frank Mittelbach, Ulrike Fischer\kant[1][1]\begin{figure}\centering\includegraphics[width=\linewidth]{coffeecup}\caption{Two coffee cups\label{fig:cups}}\end{figure}\kant[2] \kant[3][1-4] \kant[4]\end{document}
Tagged and Accessible PDF with LATEXLATEX: Formatted output I
Example LATEX document
Frank Mittelbach
September 6, 2022

Contents
1 Introduction
1.1 Some Math . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

1
2

2 Sample text

2

Figure 1: Two coffee cups

1.1

Some Math

A famous equation
E = mc2

1(1)

Introduction2

1This example shows• the title• the table of contents• section headings• a list• some text
• a footnote• some math• a figure.
1 See https://latex-project.org for more.

1Frank Mittelbach, Ulrike Fischer

Sample text

Take a look at figure 1.
As any dedicated reader can clearly see, the Ideal of practicalreason is a representation of, as far as I know, the things in themselves; as I have shown elsewhere, the phenomena should only be
used as a canon for our understanding.
Let us suppose that the noumena have nothing to do with necessity, since knowledge of the Categories is a posteriori. Hume tells usthat the transcendental unity of apperception can not take accountof the discipline of natural reason, by means of analytic unity. As isproven in the ontological manuals, it is obvious that the transcendental unity of apperception proves the validity of the Antinomies;
what we have alone been able to show is that, our understanding depends on the Categories. It remains a mystery why the Ideal stands
2

Tagged and Accessible PDF with LATEXLATEX: Formatted output II
Example LATEX document
Frank Mittelbach
September 6, 2022
Contents

Some MathIntroduction
Some Math . . . . . .

1
1

Sample text

1

Introduction
This example shows1▶ the title▶ the table of contents▶ section headings▶ a list▶ some text
▶ a footnote▶ some math▶ a figure.

1 See
https://latex-project.
org for more.

A famous equation(1)

E = mc2

Sample text
Take a look at figure 1 on thefollowing page.
As any dedicated reader canclearly see, the Ideal of practical reason is a representation of, as far as I know, thethings in themselves; as I haveshown elsewhere, the phenomena should only be used
as a canon for our understanding.
Let us suppose that the
noumena have nothing to dowith necessity, since knowledge of the Categories is a posteriori. Hume tells us that the

J1K

Frank Mittelbach, Ulrike Fischertranscendental unity of apperception can not take accountof the discipline of natural
reason, by means of analytic
unity. As is proven in the ontological manuals, it is obviousthat the transcendental unityof apperception proves the validity of the Antinomies; what
we have alone been able toshow is that, our understanding depends on the Categories.
It remains a mystery why the
Ideal stands in need of reason.
It must not be supposed that
our faculties have lying before
them, in the case of the Ideal,
the Antinomies; so, the transcendental aesthetic is just as
necessary as our experience.
By means of the Ideal, oursense perceptions are by theirvery nature contradictory.
As is shown in the writings of Aristotle, the things

Figure 1: Two coffee cups

in themselves (and it remains
a mystery why this is thecase) are a representation oftime. Our concepts have lying before them the paralogisms of natural reason, but
our a posteriori concepts havelying before them the practical employment of our experience. Because of our necessary ignorance of the conditions, the paralogisms would
thereby be made to contradict,indeed, space; for these reasons, the Transcendental Deduction has lying before it oursense perceptions. (Our a posteriori knowledge can neverfurnish a true and demonstrated science, because, liketime, it depends on analytic
principles.
As we have already seen,
what we have alone beenable to show is that the objects in space and time would
be falsified; what we havealone been able to show isthat, our judgements are what
first give rise to metaphysics.
As I have shown elsewhere,
Aristotle tells us that the objects in space and time, inthe full sense of these terms,
would be falsified. Let us sup-J2K

Tagged and Accessible PDF with LATEXPDF — Portable Document Format▶ Initially focused on precise
instructions for print output▶ Semantic information
describing the contents
added later as an optional
separate structure treeFrank Mittelbach, Ulrike Fischer

Tagged and Accessible PDF with LATEXPDF — Portable Document Format▶ Structure other than precise formatting instructions was of no importanceand not present in the format– Like TEX/LATEX the focus was (and is) on “pages”

Frank Mittelbach, Ulrike Fischer

Tagged and Accessible PDF with LATEXPDF — Portable Document Format▶ Structure other than precise formatting instructions was of no importanceand not present in the format– Like TEX/LATEX the focus was (and is) on “pages”▶ Semantic information as an afterthought– not much take-up initially, because printing and viewing was the dominant
use case– and adding additional structure information was (and is!) not well-supported
by most PDF-generating workflows

Frank Mittelbach, Ulrike Fischer

Tagged and Accessible PDF with LATEXPDF — Portable Document Format▶ Structure other than precise formatting instructions was of no importanceand not present in the format– Like TEX/LATEX the focus was (and is) on “pages”▶ Semantic information as an afterthought– not much take-up initially, because printing and viewing was the dominant
use case– and adding additional structure information was (and is!) not well-supported
by most PDF-generating workflows▶ Until now, PDF generated from LATEX does not contain structure information(tags) and offers only minimal support for metadataFrank Mittelbach, Ulrike Fischer

Tagged and Accessible PDF with LATEXThe pressure is growing — An opportunity/challenge for LATEX?

▶ Printing becomes asecondary action▶ Reliable reuse becomes
important▶ Accessibility becomes arequirement▶ ...

Frank Mittelbach, Ulrike Fischer

Tagged and Accessible PDF with LATEXPick the low-hanging fruits?

▶ LATEX knows the document
semantic structure —▶ So pass it on into the PDF!
▶ Why should that bedifficult?

Frank Mittelbach, Ulrike Fischer

Tagged and Accessible PDF with LATEXPick the low-hanging fruits?

▶ LATEX knows the document
semantic structure —▶ So pass it on into the PDF!
▶ Why should that bedifficult?
(you better use gloves here)

Frank Mittelbach, Ulrike Fischer

Tagged and Accessible PDF with LATEXThe opportunity for LATEXLATEX is focused on structure, it is programmable, and can write PDF

Frank Mittelbach, Ulrike Fischer

Tagged and Accessible PDF with LATEXThe opportunity for LATEXLATEX is focused on structure, it is programmable, and can write PDF▶ Thus, with the right kernel adjustments it– should be able to automatically produce well-tagged PDF– with (all/most) data necessary to comply with UA and other standards

Frank Mittelbach, Ulrike Fischer

Tagged and Accessible PDF with LATEXThe opportunity for LATEXLATEX is focused on structure, it is programmable, and can write PDF▶ Thus, with the right kernel adjustments it– should be able to automatically produce well-tagged PDF– with (all/most) data necessary to comply with UA and other standards▶ This means that new documents could be automatically made accessible– without any need to post-process themFrank Mittelbach, Ulrike Fischer

Tagged and Accessible PDF with LATEXThe opportunity for LATEXLATEX is focused on structure, it is programmable, and can write PDF▶ Thus, with the right kernel adjustments it– should be able to automatically produce well-tagged PDF– with (all/most) data necessary to comply with UA and other standards▶ This means that new documents could be automatically made accessible– without any need to post-process them

▶ Existing documents (on the web and elsewhere) could be made accessible
with reasonable effort– by adding missing data (metadata, alternative texts, . . . )– and then reprocessing themFrank Mittelbach, Ulrike Fischer

Tagged and Accessible PDF with LATEXOvercoming the (hidden) obstacles▶ Conceptual difficulties▶ Missing functionality(in LATEX)▶ Technical difficulties▶ Eco-system difficulties

Frank Mittelbach, Ulrike Fischer

Tagged and Accessible PDF with LATEXConceptual difficulties▶ LATEX’s tag model is far richer than the PDF tag model– For example, LATEX supports different footnote classes andnested footnotes as required for critical editions– LATEX is “freely, and easily, extensible”, e.g., via \newenvironment,with few restrictions concerning adding new semantic structures

Frank Mittelbach, Ulrike Fischer

Tagged and Accessible PDF with LATEXConceptual difficulties▶ LATEX’s tag model is far richer than the PDF tag model– For example, LATEX supports different footnote classes andnested footnotes as required for critical editions– LATEX is “freely, and easily, extensible”, e.g., via \newenvironment,with few restrictions concerning adding new semantic structures▶ This requires finding reasonable (consistent) mappings– limiting the amount of information loss as much as possible– (e.g., through role mapping)Frank Mittelbach, Ulrike Fischer

Tagged and Accessible PDF with LATEXConceptual difficulties▶ LATEX’s tag model is far richer than the PDF tag model– For example, LATEX supports different footnote classes andnested footnotes as required for critical editions– LATEX is “freely, and easily, extensible”, e.g., via \newenvironment,with few restrictions concerning adding new semantic structures▶ This requires finding reasonable (consistent) mappings– limiting the amount of information loss as much as possible– (e.g., through role mapping)▶ It also requires providing a user method to indicate reasonable mappings– for new document elements– for existing document elements that need special interpretation
Frank Mittelbach, Ulrike Fischer

Tagged and Accessible PDF with LATEXMissing functionality in LATEX▶ LaTeX does not have syntax support for specifying alternate text

Frank Mittelbach, Ulrike Fischer

Tagged and Accessible PDF with LATEXMissing functionality in LATEX▶ LaTeX does not have syntax support for specifying alternate text
– resolved through a new standard key/value interface

Frank Mittelbach, Ulrike Fischer

Tagged and Accessible PDF with LATEXMissing functionality in LATEX▶ LaTeX does not have syntax support for specifying alternate text
– resolved through a new standard key/value interface▶ LATEX needs a better model for specifying metadata– there are existing interfaces but not very consistentFrank Mittelbach, Ulrike Fischer

Tagged and Accessible PDF with LATEXMissing functionality in LATEX▶ LaTeX does not have syntax support for specifying alternate text
– resolved through a new standard key/value interface▶ LATEX needs a better model for specifying metadata– there are existing interfaces but not very consistent– resolved/work in progress through a new \DocumentMetadata interface

Frank Mittelbach, Ulrike Fischer

Tagged and Accessible PDF with LATEXMissing functionality in LATEX▶ LaTeX does not have syntax support for specifying alternate text
– resolved through a new standard key/value interface▶ LATEX needs a better model for specifying metadata– there are existing interfaces but not very consistent– resolved/work in progress through a new \DocumentMetadata interface▶ LATEX needs a better table model– the current model is entirely visual– and has no or only very limited structural information

Frank Mittelbach, Ulrike Fischer

Tagged and Accessible PDF with LATEXMissing functionality in LATEX▶ LaTeX does not have syntax support for specifying alternate text
– resolved through a new standard key/value interface▶ LATEX needs a better model for specifying metadata– there are existing interfaces but not very consistent– resolved/work in progress through a new \DocumentMetadata interface▶ LATEX needs a better table model– the current model is entirely visual– and has no or only very limited structural information– work in progress

Frank Mittelbach, Ulrike Fischer

Tagged and Accessible PDF with LATEXTechnical (implementation) difficulties▶ TEX does not use explicit spaces between words– issue with pdfTEX, XeTEX, and PostScript workflows (LATEX + dvips)▶ Issues with support for the full range of Unicode– some restrictions with 8-bit engines, e.g., pdfTEX– and with math if “classic” math fonts are used

▶ Several different engines (pdfTEX, LuaTEX, XeTEX, upTEX, . . . ) and
PostScript processors (Ghostscript, distiller) are in common use– all workflows used their own methods to write the PDF data

Frank Mittelbach, Ulrike Fischer

Tagged and Accessible PDF with LATEXTechnical (implementation) difficulties▶ TEX does not use explicit spaces between words– issue with pdfTEX, XeTEX, and PostScript workflows (LATEX + dvips)– resolved for pdfTEX at some cost in speed/PDF size

▶ Issues with support for the full range of Unicode– some restrictions with 8-bit engines, e.g., pdfTEX– and with math if “classic” math fonts are used
– not fully resolvable in non-Unicode engines▶ Several different engines (pdfTEX, LuaTEX, XeTEX, upTEX, . . . ) and
PostScript processors (Ghostscript, distiller) are in common use– all workflows used their own methods to write the PDF data
– resolved by providing an abstraction layer with a new PDF management
module (to be moved to the LATEX format)
Frank Mittelbach, Ulrike Fischer

Tagged and Accessible PDF with LATEX

Eco-system considerations — some facts▶ LATEX is well-known for strong backward compatibility– You can take documents from the early ’90 and reasonably expect them tocompile with no or little adjustments

Frank Mittelbach, Ulrike Fischer

Tagged and Accessible PDF with LATEX

Eco-system considerations — some facts▶ LATEX is well-known for strong backward compatibility– You can take documents from the early ’90 and reasonably expect them tocompile with no or little adjustments▶ The core of LATEX was designed long ago when computer memory and speed
were very low. Some consequences:– The program takes great care to forget the structural information the
moment it is no longer need for producing “print” output– There are nearly no public interfaces to “hook” into the processing —everything was optimized to save space and processing timeFrank Mittelbach, Ulrike Fischer

Tagged and Accessible PDF with LATEX

Eco-system considerations — some facts▶ LATEX is well-known for strong backward compatibility– You can take documents from the early ’90 and reasonably expect them tocompile with no or little adjustments▶ The core of LATEX was designed long ago when computer memory and speed
were very low. Some consequences:– The program takes great care to forget the structural information the
moment it is no longer need for producing “print” output– There are nearly no public interfaces to “hook” into the processing —everything was optimized to save space and processing time

▶ Therefore, nearly all the extension packages hook into internal code of the
LATEX kernel and structural information is lost by the time the PDF is writtenFrank Mittelbach, Ulrike Fischer

Tagged and Accessible PDF with LATEX

Eco-system considerations — the consequences
Compatibility expectations + hooking into internal code −→ means:Frank Mittelbach, Ulrike Fischer

Tagged and Accessible PDF with LATEX

Eco-system considerations — the consequences
Compatibility expectations + hooking into internal code −→ means:▶ All kernel changes are likely to produce noticeable disruptions– this needs careful mediation to avoid frustration in the community– all affected packages need identifying and adjustments have to be put in place– this requires effort, and care — and therefore takes considerable timeFrank Mittelbach, Ulrike Fischer

Tagged and Accessible PDF with LATEX

Eco-system considerations — the consequences
Compatibility expectations + hooking into internal code −→ means:▶ All kernel changes are likely to produce noticeable disruptions– this needs careful mediation to avoid frustration in the community– all affected packages need identifying and adjustments have to be put in place– this requires effort, and care — and therefore takes considerable time

▶ However, such changes are essential to implement new processing models

Frank Mittelbach, Ulrike Fischer

Tagged and Accessible PDF with LATEX

Eco-system considerations — the consequences
Compatibility expectations + hooking into internal code −→ means:▶ All kernel changes are likely to produce noticeable disruptions– this needs careful mediation to avoid frustration in the community– all affected packages need identifying and adjustments have to be put in place– this requires effort, and care — and therefore takes considerable time

▶ However, such changes are essential to implement new processing models▶ Examples of already done changes (a.k.a. some success stories)– Move to UTF-8 as the default input– Integrate the L3 programming layer — needed for better interfaces– Provide a general hook management — to improve the situation in the future– Provide a general key/value interface — needed for tagging configuration– Standardize the interfaces to write PDF data
Frank Mittelbach, Ulrike Fischer

Tagged and Accessible PDF with LATEXRoadworks — or what happens in the project▶ Six project phases▶ End of phase II in sight▶ What’s already available— some examples▶ Useful links

Frank Mittelbach, Ulrike Fischer

Tagged and Accessible PDF with LATEX

Several lanes are already resurfaced
The six project phases▶ They are chosen in a way to– minimize disruption– provide tangible (intermediate) results that people can already use

Frank Mittelbach, Ulrike Fischer

Tagged and Accessible PDF with LATEX

Several lanes are already resurfaced
The six project phases▶ They are chosen in a way to– minimize disruption– provide tangible (intermediate) results that people can already use

Major milestones reached▶ Phase I + II
– Standard hook management is designed, implemented and used by the kernel– Interfaces for PDF object management are designed and implemented– All low-level mechanisms needed for tagging are available (tagpdf)– Automatic tagging of paragraph text implemented– A subset of the standard document elements is “tagging enabled”
Frank Mittelbach, Ulrike Fischer

Tagged and Accessible PDF with LATEXLATEX PDF: Example I
Tagging of the title

Frank Mittelbach, Ulrike Fischer

Tagging of the list

Tagged and Accessible PDF with LATEXLATEX PDF: Example II
A paragraph spanning two pages

Frank Mittelbach, Ulrike Fischer

Tagging of the footnote

Tagged and Accessible PDF with LATEX

Useful information and links▶ Project material at the LATEX Project website:– Feasibility study– Talks and articles– ...

https://latex-project.org/publications/indexbytopic/pdf/

Frank Mittelbach, Ulrike Fischer

Tagged and Accessible PDF with LATEX

Useful information and links▶ Project material at the LATEX Project website:– Feasibility study– Talks and articles– ...

https://latex-project.org/publications/indexbytopic/pdf/▶ LATEX LWG within the PDF Association (chair Boris Doubrov)– Meetings about once a month– Currently working on defining suitable mapping from LATEX to PDF tag sets
and identifying gaps on either side
– Open to interested PDFA members

Frank Mittelbach, Ulrike Fischer

Tagged and Accessible PDF with LATEXStay tuned

PDFA Days, Berlin, September 2022
Frank Mittelbach, Ulrike Fischer, LATEX ProjectFrank Mittelbach, Ulrike Fischer

Tagged and Accessible PDF with LATEX