5-7 OCTOBERISFR2011

27

TOLEDO (SPAIN)INVESTIGATION OF PYROLYSIS OF BROMINATED FLAME RETARDANT PLASTIC
ZarZar Hlaing1, Mariko Adachi1, Juehui Ma1 and Hideki Nakagome 1
Fumiyo Takeuchi2, Kouji Omote 2, Koichi Kimura 2
Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, Chiba, Nakagome Laboraory,Japan 1
Environmental Technology Research Division, Fujitsu Co-Ltd, Japan 2
e-mail: zarzarhlaing.mm@graduate.chiba-u.jp

AbstractBromine has been used as a component of the most effective flame retardant plastics industry can be used. Brominatedflame retardants (BFR), the various electrical and electronics (E & E) to be used in order to prevent fire accidents. These
flame-retardant plastic, the influence of flame retardants are included to burn less, difficult to recycle after use. In this study,
we examined the recovery of energy, brominated flame retardant ABS itself and polyethylene mixture(1:1) , using theaddition as a material, sulfuric acid, NaOH, the mixed carbonate by pyrolysis liquefaction experiments were conducted at450Υ. The problem of recycling by pyrolysis, to cause the blockage, so how to separate bromine and consider how toreduce the bromine content from the produced oil.

Keywords: DTG analysis, flame retardants ,ABS, thermal decomposition, energy recovery

1. Introduction
We miss the life of television, mobile phones andpersonal computers, electronic appliances, such as
automotive interior parts, insulation and building
materials also has been used by many plastic parts andmaterials. They have been working a lot of flame
retardant to protect lives and property from fire hazard.
As flame retardants for plastics (including chlorine orbromine atom), halogen-based flame retardants are "highefficiency flame retardant"is the most widely used.
Figure (1) shows that has been drained of used electricaland electronic equipment each year about 2.5 million
tons,in Japan. Recalled product in home appliancerecycling law is actually a total of approximately 500,000
tons (2008), merely to use most electrical and electronicequipment except for some equipment that contains
many cell phones and other precious metals Resources
contained in the products that are not effectively
recovered and reused [1].This study,We examined flameretardant ABS pyrolysis oil in the virgin material andcomputer giant. The problem of recycling by pyrolysis, tocause the blockage, so how to separate bromine andconsider how to reduce the bromine content in theproduced oil.

temperature settings 5 Υ/ min , 3Υ/ min until (450Υ),and made by pyrolysis. ABS-FR waste and pellets itself
or mixed polyethylene (1:1) and using the addition withcatalyst, and each experiment used approximately (60 g).
Health care.
Industrial Control
Equipment
Cleaning. 10.4
Bathroom
11.4
Entertainment.
Personal
12.1
IT Equipment
15.6Room supplies
OutdoorEquipment
9.6Car Parts
1.9Tooling
1.2

Others4Large household
appliances
67.1

Music. Video
21.1
Kitchen
21.6

Lighting
57.0

Fig.1. Used ( E& E ) equipment emissions (tons)

2. Materials and Methods
In this study, we used samples, ABS resin virgin materialof UMG ABS Co- Ltd of UMG ABS ® UV 800. and thescrap computer giant . (ABS-FR 17 <) of Fujitsu Co -Ltd.
Virgin material which contain ABS 70 %,25 % of (FR)andSb2O3 is 5 %.
Figure 2 shows the experimental apparatus diagram.
Samples will be packed into the reactor, and nitrogen
substitution. Then we used tubular electric furnace,interiores libro.indd 27

Fig. 2. Experimental apparatus diagram

2.1 DTG (60) -analysis
To take the basic data of the sample,using the ShimazuLtd of DTG-60 and were measured DTA 5Υ/ min until

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550 Υ .It will be show figure (3). We observed
endothermic at 308 Υ ,338 Υ ,402 Υ ,407 Υ . Above300Υ which is considered to be a melting point of ABS
and from above 400 Υ the melting point which is a flame
retardant.
㻌㻭㻮㻿㻙㻲㻾㻔㼃㻕㻭㻮㻿㻙㻲㻾㻔㻼㻕㻝㻜㻮㼞㼛㼙㼕㼚㼑㻌㻯㼛㼚㼠㼑㼚㼠㻌㻌㼛㼒㻌㼜㼞㼛㼐㼡㼏㼑㼐㻌㼛㼕㼘㻌㻌㻔㻑㻕

6th International Symposium on Feedstock Recycling of Polymeric Materials㻢㻡㻠㻟㻞㻝㻜㻞㻜㻜㻞㻡㻜㻟㻜㻜㻟㻡㻜㻠㻜㻜㻠㻡㻜㻡㻜㻜㻡㻡㻜㻔㼃㻕㻰㼀㻭㻌㻌㼇㼡㼂㼉㻙㻝㻙㻞㻌㻟㻜㻤㻌䉝㻔㻼㻕㻌㻦㻴㻞㻿㻻㻠㻌㻌㻔㻝㻝㻦㻝㻕㻔㻼㻕㻔㻼㻕㻌㻦㻌㻼㻱㻌㻌㻌㻔㻼㻕㻌㻦㻔㻝㻦㻝㻕㻺㼍㻻㻴㻌㻌㻌㻌㻔㻝㻝㻦㻝㻕㻔㼃㻕㻩㼃㼍㼟㼠㼑㻌㻭㻮㻿㻙㻲㻾㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻔㻼㻕㻩㻼㼑㼘㼘㼑㼠㻌㻭㻮㻿㻙㻲㻾㻙㻟

Fig.5. Bromine content of produced oil㻙㻠㻌㻠㻜㻣㻌䉝㻠㻜㻞䉝㻙㻢㼀㼑㼙㼜㼑㼞㼍㼠㼡㼞㼑㼇䉝㼉Fig.3. DTG thermal analysis of ABS-FR waste and pellet

3. Results and Discussion
The sample constitution and product distribution shown
Table 2.We studied flame retardant ABS pyrolysis oil at450 Υ .In case of waste and pellet after thermal
decomposition, 38 ~ 27 % was collected as the oliproduct.When we used catalyst ,the producted oil was
about 40 % but when using sulfuric acid, liquid yield was
33%.Liquid yield is high when mixed 1:1 with
polyethylene,get about 80 % of oil.In this study,
representation of (Oil + FR) is a thing that was recoveredfrom the glass tube after the experiment.

The effect of mixed PE of products yield shown figure(6).
In case of (PE), (ABS-FR) is the result of two thermal
decomposition of single plastics.We calculated based on
single experiments for mixing When calculated values
are compared to the observed value, the additive rule
relatively applies, although the residue and (Oil+FR)
decreased and the product oil increased 22%.
OilResiduce
40.85
37.06
41.98
32.16
39.95
7.82

Gas
6.00
9.72
4.91
6.05
3.83
13.08

Oil+FR
15.64
25.91
19.53
21.70
15.42
0.00

The yield of the product graph is shown in Figure 4. The
product yields, the catalyst used in the experiment and asingle experiment collected 30-40% of produced oil,40%
residual rate.The mixed PE experiments produced about
80% of oil recovery,10% of residue and10% of gases.
OilResiduce

Gas

Oil+FR

100
8060
40200(P)(W)(P) +(H2SO4䠅
(11:1)* (W)= Waste ABS-FR(P)+NaOH(11:1)(P) 䠇(Na:K:Li)(11:1)(P) + PE
(1:1)

(P) = Pellet ABS-FR

Fig.4.Product yield of single,PE mixture,catalyst addition
We examined the amount of produced oil to the bromine
component analysis by the chromatogram.This result willshow figure (5). This result,we found when the mixture ofNaOH or PE than other, to decrease bromine in oil.

interiores libro.indd 28

Oil+FR

ABS-FR(P)ABS-FR(P) +PE(P)(1:1) (Cal)ABS-FR(P) +PE(P) (1:1) (Abl)6040200PE

Oil
37.60
27.31
33.56
40.00
40.80
79.10

Gas80

Table 2. Material composition and product distribution*(P)=Pellet (W)=Waste
ABS-FR (W)ABS-FR (P)ABS-FR(P) : H2SO4 (11:1)
ABS-FR(P) : NaOH (11:1)
ABS-FR(P) : [Na:K:Li] (11:1)
ABS-FR(P) : PE(1:1)

Residuce

100

Product of Yield (%)

㻌㻟㻟㻤㻌䉝㻙㻡

Product of Yield 䠄䠂䠅㻔㻼㻕㻌㻦㼇㻺㼍㻦㻷㻦㻸㼕㼉㻌㻔㻝㻝㻦㻝㻕* (P) = Pellet

Fig.6.The effect of mixed PE of products yield

4. Conclusions
In this study, we examined the recovery of energy,
brominated flame retardant ABS itself and mixed
polyethylene (1:1), using the addition with catalyst
at 450ºC.
[1] From DTG thermal analysis result above 300Ԩisconsidered to be a melting point of ABS and from above
400 Ԩthe melting point of flame retardant.
[2] The product oil of pellet and waste were 38 ~ 27 %and collect 40 % of residue and 15~25 % (Oil + FR).
[3] When the catalyst utilization rate of recovered oil wasapproximately 40% was obtained. When using NaOH,
the residue is decreasing, (Oil + FR) is increased, thelowest rate of bromine found in the produced oil thanothers.
[4] From the analysis, the product oil of the polyethylene
mixture of bromine in the oil recovery (Br) content
decreased, it was confirmed that increasing the yield ofrecovered oil.

References[1] T.Kamo , electronic materials, 49, pp.165-168, (2010)

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