G7 ROUNDTABLE MEETING ON
SUBNATIONAL CLIMATE ACTIONSSUMMARY REPORT
October 5-6, 2023

G7 ROUNDTABLE MEETING ON SUBNATIONAL CLIMATE ACIONSSUMMRY REPORT
November 2023

©Ministry of the Environment, Japan 2023

Published by
Ministry of the Environment, Japan
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G7 Roundtable Meeting on Subnational Climate Actions
Summary Report

Contents

Executive Summary2

Summary of the Roundtable Meeting4Annex 1-2. National Support to Subnational Governments (Domestic)
Annex. 1-2 National Support to Subnational Governments (International)
Annex. 2 Program and participating organizations

Executive Summaryn

The G7 Roundtable Meeting on Subnational Climate Actions was organized virtually on October 5-6,
2023, hosted by the Ministry of the Environment, Japan in collaboration with the Ministry of Land,
Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism, Japan, ICLEI-Local Governments for Sustainability, Urban 7, andthe Institute for Global Environmental Strategies. More than 70 participants and observers from thenational and subnational governments of G7 members, United Nations Human Settlements
Programme (UN-HABITAT), the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD),ICLEI, and Global Covenant of Mayors attended the meeting on each day.

nParticipants welcomed the Roundtable as a useful platform for mutual learning and cooperation
among G7 members and expressed their expectations on the potential for further work to be carriedout under this initiative. It was also suggested that the scope of the Roundtable could be extended todifferent stakeholders and partners and non-G7 countries.

n

The key points from discussions at the roundtable meeting are summarized below.
Ø

Subnational climate actions are critical in achieving the net-zero target and need to be further
enhanced with national and international support.

Ø

Subnational climate actions reinforce the virtuous cycle by addressing multiple urban challenges
and creating synergies, including pollution control, biodiversity, circular economy, and economic
growth.

Ø

One of the biggest challenges is channelling climate finance to cities. Leveraging private funding
with public funding sources using mechanisms such as blended finance, joint public-private
financing initiatives, transition funds, and guarantee mechanisms are examples of possible

solutions. A number of programs have been established by G7 members in support of suchinitiatives.
Ø

Knowledge sharing through either domestic or international city networking is vital. Collaborationand scaling up of ambitious activities beyond regions should also be encouraged.

Ø

Other elements to enhance ambitions and strengthen implementation at subnational levels
include inclusive approaches, technical support, guidance at the national level, local leadership,partnerships, engagement of actors at different levels (i.e., multilevel climate action), and digitaltransformation.
2

3

Summary of the Roundtable Meeting4The G7 Climate, Energy and Environment Ministers recognized the vital role of cities and subnational
actors in addressing global challenges including climate change, such as in Toyama in 20161, in London in
20212, in Berlin in 20223, and in Sapporo in 20234.
In recognition of the vital role of national governments in promoting and supporting subnational climate
actions, the G7 Roundtable on Subnational Climate Actions5 was established by the G7 Climate, Energy,
and Environment Minister’s Meeting in 2023 under the presidency of Japan. The Roundtable aims tofacilitate mutual learning and enhance policies related to subnational climate actions within and beyond
the country’s borders. It also aims to identify opportunities for synergies and explore avenues forinternational collaboration while seeking co-benefits.
The G7 Sustainable Urban Development Ministers also recognized the vital role of cities and subnational
actors in addressing global challenges including climate change during their first meeting in Potsdam6 in
2022. In Takamatsu in 2023, they again underscored that national governments should boost
communication with subnational governments on sustainable urban development and commit toengagement in the G7 Roundtable on Subnational Climate Actions7.
The Roundtable Meeting was organized virtually on October 5-6, 2023. It was hosted by the Ministry of theEnvironment, Japan in collaboration with the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism,
Japan, ICLEI-Local Governments for Sustainability, Urban 7, and the Institute for Global Environmental
Strategies (IGES).
The Roundtable Meeting was attended by more than 70 participants and observers on each day fromnational and local governments of G7 members, namely Canada (including the Assembly of First Nations,
Québec, Alberta, Métis National Council), France, Germany, Italy, the United Kingdom (including theScottish Government and Bristol City Council), the United States, the European Union, and Japan, andrepresentatives from Urban 7 (Mayor of Bristol, Mayor of Florence, Mayor of Turku, Deputy Mayor of
Bordeaux City, Mayor of Saitama, Mayor of Essen, The United States Conference of Mayors, Federation of
Canadian Municipalities, and The Japan Designated Cities Mayors Association), United Nations Human
Settlements Programme (UN-HABITAT), the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development(OECD), ICLEI, and the Global Covenant of Mayors (GCoM).

https://www.env.go.jp/earth/g7toyama_emm/english/_img/meeting_overview/Communique_en.pdf
https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/g7-climate-and-environment-ministers-meeting-may-2021-communique/g7-climate-andenvironment-ministers-communique-london-21-may-2021
3 https://www.g7germany.de/g7-en/current-information/g7-environment-climate-ministers-2014900
4 https://www.env.go.jp/content/000128270.pdf
5 https://www.env.go.jp/content/000128285.pdf
6 https://www.bmwsb.bund.de/SharedDocs/downloads/Webs/BMWSB/DE/veroeffentlichungen/termine/communiqueg7.pdf?__blob=publicationFile&v=3
7 https://www.mlit.go.jp/report/press/content/Communique_EN.pdf
1
2

5

The Roundtable Meeting had two overall themes – national support to promote subnational climate
actions and international cooperative program to promote subnational climate actions. Both at national
and international levels, the national and federal governments of the G7 encourage and support
subnational governments in planning and implementing climate actions.
The following section is the Chair’s summary of the Plenary and Parallel Sessions. G7 members provided
information on national policies, measures, and actions for this Roundtable, which are compiled in Annex
1-1 and Annex 1-2.

Plenary 1.
nNational support to promote subnational climate actions within their boundaries

Other levels of government set ambitious goals of net-zero emission and take practical actions toaddress climate change issues, contributing to national and global climate goals in mitigation andadaptation of climate change. Lessons shared at the Meeting highlight the following points asimportant elements in enhancing subnational climate actions.
•

Subnational climate actions reinforce the virtuous cycle by addressing multiple urban
challenges. These are recognized not only for climate mitigation and adaptation but also forrevitalizing local economies, enhancing people’s well-being and health, and environmental
conservation in both national and local contexts.

•

How climate actions should be financed is one of the biggest challenges that subnational
governments are facing in climate policy implementation. The UK showed examples ofstrengthening local finance, such as the Bristol City Leap Joint Venture, and the Cities
Commission for Climate Investment (3Ci). Alberta, Canada introduced the industrial carbon
pricing system in which some revenue is allocated to clean technologies to mitigate emissions.

•

Inclusiveness and a whole-society approach can enhance ambitions and strengthen
implementation. The Assembly of First Nations (AFN) National Strategy, underpinned by the First
Nations Climate Lens, presented during Canada’s time demonstrated how Indigenous-led climate
policy and strategies are essential mechanisms to reflect Indigenous knowledge systems
appropriately, and provide opportunity for ethical and equitable engagement with Indigenous
Peoples, and their knowledge systems, in state-led climate action plans. The engagement ofdiverse stakeholders and partners, including the youth and representatives of civil society groups
in policymaking resulted in a rigorous and ambitious 2030 Plan for a Green Economy in Quebec,
Canada.

•A network of subnational governments provides opportunities for mutual learning in planningand implementing climate mitigation and adaptation actions. The Port of Los Angeles in the US
and the Port Authority of Nagoya, Japan signed an agreement on cooperation to promotesustainability and decarbonization.
6n

G7 members provide a framework and guidance on climate actions to subnational governments andset common objectives, although diversity should be emphasized in view of local contexts.

n

National policies and strategies provide a framework for subnational actions.
•

All G7 members provide policies to deliver a framework for climate mitigation and adaptation
actions at subnational levels.

•

France emphasized the need for national strategies like its National Roadmap to be considered in
all regional strategies. This approach was recognized for its potential to ensure alignment withshared objectives and ensures that local planning is compatible with regional strategies,
highlighting the importance of national-level guidance.

•

Japan formulated the Regional Decarbonization Roadmap incorporating the concept of a regional
growth strategy which includes creating at least 100 “Decarbonization Leading Areas (DLA)” by
2030 and expanding the model across the country before 2050.

•

The EU Governance Regulation requests member states to submit national energy and climate
plans.

n

Increasing finance capacity at the subnational level is critical. Many opportunities and solutions areavailable, but finance is a significant barrier to implementation. Methods of leveraging private funding
with public funds may be a topic for further discussion, such as blended finance and joint publicprivate financing initiatives. Indicators to evaluate and monitor projects including financial risks arealso recognized as a topic to be explored further.
•G7 members have their own subsidy programs to support actions to improve energy efficiency
and introduce renewable energy such in building sector at city and district levels. Financial
support to mobility areas is also notable.

•

The UK introduced several funding mechanisms to support subnational climate actions. For
example, the Local Net Zero Hub program supports local governments in developing net-zeroprojects and attracting commercial investment. The experiences of cities in the UK offer
examples of blended finance and public-private financing initiatives.

•

The Milano Transition Fund presented by Italy also provides an example of blended finance forpromoting energy efficiency. The importance of the involvement of banks was highlighted.

•

Germany’s well-established National Climate Initiative (NKI) provides support for mitigation at
the municipal level in both strategic and investment-related climate action. Two additional
national funding programs also support municipalities and social institutions in their efforts toadapt to the impacts of climate change.

•

Japan established a public-private fund, the Japan Green Investment Corp. for Carbon Neutrality(JICN), to assist and accelerate the flow of investment towards carbon neutrality.
7nTechnical support and enhancing the technical capacity at the subnational level are also important
areas to promote subnational actions.
•France offers meteorological information services and a GIS platform that produces regional
climate projections to support local planning actions. There are other platforms to support
subnational governments – one to inform municipalities about target climate indicators andanother providing local communities with vulnerability diagnoses.

•

The UK has several programs in place to support local capacity building. The Local Net Zero Hubprogram promotes best practices and supports local authorities in developing net-zero projects
and attracting commercial investment. The Local Net Zero Hub also assists local authorities indeveloping sustainable strategies, which boosts economic growth and improves community wellbeing.

n

A platform to encourage knowledge sharing and coordination is an effective way to promotecollaboration.
•

The French regional Conference of Parties aims to mobilize subnational governments’ climate
actions with a better understanding of local contexts and tailor climate actions to specificregional needs. This also facilitates coordination at the national and subnational level.

•

The Global Covenant of Mayors and the Climate Neutral and Smart Cities Mission led by the EU
are also examples of such a platform. In Italy, cities formed the Italian Platform to implement the
EU Mission.

n

Climate actions to create synergies are promoted with national support and guidance.
•

The US's Inflation Reduction Act and the EU’s Green Deal provide an overall framework oftransformation, which addresses not only climate change issues but also social and economic
aspects.

•

Japan’s Decarbonization Leading Area (DLA) initiative aims to create prominent cases of net-zeroemission projects at the local level with financial support for implementation. DLAs also facilitatesynergetic impacts by supported actions, including synergetic effects in economic
circulation/industrial development, recycling, transportation, and other areas.

8

Parallel Session 1-1.
nLeveraging synergies

Well-designed decarbonization actions may reduce GHG emissions and simultaneously create
opportunities to generate revenue and stimulate economic growth, including at the regional level.

nCollaboration between national and subnational governments is key to leveraging synergies. An
intensive exchange between countries, within the country and among subnational governments isneeded. The leadership of local leaders is also crucial.

nChallenges identified include finding skilled personnel, capacity building, and analytical tools to
support policymaking and implementation; lack of and access to finance; social aspects, and the fossil
fuel energy crisis.

n

Innovative financial instruments should be explored to overcome challenges, such as public andprivate blended finance, transition funds, and state revolving funds.

Parallel Session 1-2. Mainstreaming climate actions in urban development and management,
including usage of digital technologynThe discussions re-emphasized the importance of city networks. City/regional networks are used toshare knowledge and discuss innovative solutions at various levels.

n

Digital transformation can aid climate actions, while due consideration of just transition is critical.
Digital transformation helps facilitate climate actions through online platforms, data utilization, andbetter governance in local governments. Participants also shared challenges and concerns related todata integration, privacy issues, energy consumption, and the need for open-source approaches.

n

Diverse national and federal programs support transformation at the subnational level, including
federal investments and initiatives to back metropolitan cities, underlining the importance of scaling
up activities.

n

The discussions stressed the role of local communities as drivers of change. Local communities canbring real change on the ground and scale up activities that will impact regions and cities on a broader
scale.

n

It is necessary to encourage collaboration and scale up ambitious activities beyond regions. The
discussions emphasized the need for broader impacts and bold initiatives in climate actions.

Plenary 2.
nSummary

In Plenary 2, the moderators of parallel sessions 1-1 and 1-2 shared key points from the discussions.

9Plenary 3. International cooperative programs in promoting subnational climate actions
beyond G7 member countriesn

In this plenary session, information was shared on international cooperation projects to support
subnational climate actions of non-G7 members. The areas of cooperation are diverse, but many
projects focused on energy transformation and renewable energy, sustainable mobility and buildings,
and smart cities.

n

G7 members facilitate city-to-city and region-to-region collaboration and learning that can yield
substantial benefits.

n

Examples shared at the meeting include the Global Covenant of Mayors and the International Urban
and Regional Cooperation Program (EU), Powering Past Coal Alliance (Canada and the UK), and theCity-to-City Cooperation Program (Japan). The City Summit of the Americas (US) shows thatinternational collaboration can facilitate knowledge sharing among subnational governments andaccelerate subnational efforts for net-zero goals.

nPartnerships with different stakeholders and partners are crucial in facilitating actions and ensuring
the sustainability of cooperation projects. Building trust with local stakeholders and partners,
especially at the community level, is crucial for the effective implementation and sustainability ofcooperation projects.
•

Community involvement in the cooperation project (France) and the EU's extension of its "justtransition" model to countries with carbon-intensive economies emphasizes the significance ofregional-level transformation.

•

Germany positioned the social inclusion of disadvantaged groups as a focal area of action and the
involvement and empowerment of citizens as an important process in project implementation.
Canada spoke on how partnerships with Indigenous organizations within their borders anddeveloping countries improved climate resilience in Indigenous communities.

•

Partnerships with donors and relevant stakeholders and partners also serve as an element of
support in improving projects. The 3DEN project by Italy established a consultative group with
relevant stakeholders and partners from different countries, including internationalorganizations, the public sector, and research institutions to obtain technical advice and support
the implementation of the project’s pilot phase. Japan’s Clean Cities Partnership Program (C2P2),
rolled out by the Ministry of the Environment, Japan and the Japan International Cooperation
Agency (JICA), also provides support in collaboration with businesses, financial institutions, andother city initiatives by G7 members.

10

•

Mobilizing and facilitating access to finance is key to providing support to cities in addressing
climate change. This may include support for capacity development, project preparation andinnovative financing mechanisms. These support measures should be flexibly designed to meetthe policy directions, capacity, and needs of different cities.

•

France (AFD) introduced innovative ways of financing climate actions at the subnational level,
including direct loans to subnational governments via specialized financial institutions andguarantee schemes in collaboration with the EU, aiming to make local governments’ access tofinance easier and reduce financial risk. Partnering and coordination with public banks globallyand the involvement of subnational governments from the preparation phase are mentioned as
key for planning innovative financing schemes.

•

Germany launched the Leadership for Urban Climate Investment (LUCI), a framework forcollaboration on concrete projects. LUCI is hosted by the Cities Climate Finance Leadership
Alliance (CCFLA).

•

There are a number of collaborative projects within the G7, such as the City Climate Finance Gap
Fund, the C40 Cities Finance Facility (CFF), the Covenant of Mayors in Sub-Saharan Africa (CoM
SSA), Urban-Act (Integrated Urban Climate Action for low-carbon & resilient cities), NUCA (NDBs
for Urban Climate Action), the Program for Energy Efficiency in Buildings (PEEB), theTransformative Urban Mobility Initiative (TUMI), the PREVENT Waste Alliance and others.

•

The UK’s Urban Climate Action Program (UCAP) is implemented in collaboration with France, theUS (USAID) and Germany, and part of UCAP supports CEF. The decision-making process forfunding was shared in discussions.

•

The Smart Cities Business Innovation Fund under the US-ASEAN Smart Cities Partnership finances
net-zero and low-carbon solutions on a subnational level. The United Nations Innovation
Technology Accelerator for Cities (UNITAC), financed by Germany and hosted by UN-HABITAT,
develops digital solutions for sustainable urban development.

nSome examples of collaboration between G7 members, such as co-financed bilateral funding
mechanisms mentioned above, were also presented. Bilateral collaborative frameworks on
subnational climate action also exist, such as the Japan-EU Green Alliance.

Parallel Session 2-1.
nExploring opportunities for cooperative actions among G7

Partnerships with the private sector engaged in private investment within and between cities toaddress climate change should create synergy and more opportunities for a better quality of life forcitizens and provide co-benefits.

11nPartnerships can play a systemic role in facilitating knowledge sharing across countries to implement
viable solutions for a more sustainable future. Multilevel partnerships can expand city-to-citycooperation beyond G7 countries. International collaboration can also play a catalytic role in the
decarbonization of the economic system and a just transition.

n

The integrated transition across systems to apply solutions should propel us forward to the goals andobjectives of the Paris Agreement, especially in leading sectors, such as buildings and construction,
waste, and agriculture.

nDonor funding and coordination is particularly important to help governments acquire funding andapply for grants.

Parallel Session 2-2.

Integrated smart city development and user benefitsn

The importance of subnational action is highlighted in global digitalization and smarter cities.

n

In light of the need for capacity development, discussions focused on how local universities and youth
play a vital role in driving innovation at the local level, emphasizing their contributions in addressing
urban challenges. The significance of fostering a digital mindset and succession planning for enduring
impact and resilience is underlined in driving innovation, problem-solving, and sustainable solutions.

n

The discussions also emphasized the significance of partnerships. To collectively address challenges
like energy poverty and drive sustainable urban development, it is critical to involve various
stakeholders and partners, including local and provincial governments, universities, and global
initiatives.

n

The discussions also highlighted the importance of national and international guidance and support
frameworks, given the many challenges brought about by digital transformation.

Plenary 4.
nSummary

In Plenary 4, the moderators of parallel sessions 2-1 and 2-2 shared key points from the discussions.

12Closing Sessionn

It is important to follow the good practice precedents in climate action by innovative leaders,suggesting that their experiences can provide guidance for others. City-to-city cooperation and peerto-peer learning is an effective way to share such experiences and should be further facilitated. In thisregard, the roles played by networks of subnational governments also take on greater importance.

nAdditional discussion is needed on methods of financing subnational climate actions. The IPCC reportemphasized the vital role of subnational governments in combating the climate crisis. Possible
solutions include project preparation support, strengthening local municipal finance and harnessing
private investments in conjunction with public funding streams through approaches like blended
finance, revolving transition funds, guarantee mechanisms and aggregation approaches.
Strengthening institutional capacity at the local level will be key to increasing climate finance flows tocities.

n

Subnational climate action is critical to achieving net-zero targets and must be further enhanced withnational and international support. However, it is essential to strike a balance between supporting
subnational governments and not overwhelming them.

n

The Roundtable is welcomed and expected to continue as a useful platform for mutual learning andcooperation among G7 members on subnational climate actions. The Roundtable is also important asa platform connecting climate with energy, the environment and the urban development senior
officials, and serve as a model for cooperation with a common vision. This discussion would alsoprevail in other fora, including the G20.

n

The output from this Roundtable Meeting will be shared at the UNFCCC-COP28 and at otheropportunities, such as the Zero Carbon City International Forum8 that Japan will organize with the US
in early 2024.

8 Zero Carbon City International Forum 2022 https://www.iges.or.jp/en/events/20220309
Zero Carbon City International Forum 2023 https://www.iges.or.jp/en/events/20230301

13Ver.12023.11.16
地方の気候行動に関する G7 ラウンドテーブル
エグゼクティブサマリー（仮訳）


2023 年 10 月 5 日～6 日、環境省、国土交通省、イクレイ（ICLEI）-持続可能な都市と地域をめざす自治体協議会、G７の都市連合（アーバン 7）、（公財）地球環境戦略研究機関の協力のもと、「地方の気候行動に関する G7 ラウンドテーブル」が開催された。G7 の政策担当者、
国連ハビタット（UN-HABITAT）、経済協力開発機構（OECD）、ICLEI、世界市長会議の各国政府から 70 名以上の参加者とオブザーバーが参加した。



参加者は、G7 メンバー間の相互学習と協力のための有用なプラットフォームとして、このラウンドテー
ブルを歓迎し、その下での更なる活動への期待を表明した。また、参加者の範囲を、様々なステー
クホルダーやパートナー、G7 以外の国々の参加に拡大することも提案された。



円卓会議での議論の要点は以下の通り


地方の気候行動は、ネットゼロ目標を達成する上で極めて重要であり、国や国際的な支援によってさらに強化される必要がある。



地方の気候行動は、汚染防止、生物多様性、循環型経済、経済成長など、複数の都市課題に取り組み、相乗効果を生み出すことで、好循環を強化する。



気候資金をいかに都市に導入するかが最大の課題のひとつである。ブレンド・ファイナンス、官民合同の資金調達イニシアティブ、トランジション・ファンド、保証制度などのメカニズムを使って、公的資金と民間資金を活用することが、解決策の例として挙げられた。このような資金に関するイニシアティブを支援するために、G7 メンバーによって多くのプログラムが設立されている。



国内または国際的な都市ネットワークを通じての知識共有は不可欠である。また、地域を超えた連携や意欲的な活動のスケールアップも奨励されるべきである。



地方における野心の引き上げ、対策実施を強化するためのその他の取組として、包括的アプ
ローチ、技術支援、国家レベルでのガイダンス、地域のリーダーシップ、パートナーシップ、異なるレベルのアクターの関与（マルチレベルの気候変動対策）、デジタル・トランスフォーメーションなどが共有された。

Annex 1-1.
National Support Subnational Governments[Domestic]
Compilation of inputs from G7 members

1.

Policy Framework .................................................................................................................................. 22.

Strategy/Plan ......................................................................................................................................... 6

3.

Initiative ................................................................................................................................................. 9

4.

Finance ................................................................................................................................................. 13

5.

Information/Data/Technical Guidance ................................................................................................ 26

6.

Capacity Building ................................................................................................................................. 27

7.

Network/Information Exchange .......................................................................................................... 29

This Annex is a compilation of information provided by G7 members on policies, measures, and actions
related to subnational climate action taken by national governments. The policies, measures, and actions
listed here are part of national actions to support and encourage subnational actions. They are not an
exhaustive list of policies and measures in each country.
The policies, measures, and actions are grouped into seven categories. Some measures belong to more than
one category. they are either included in the closest category or reclassified. Definitions of each category are
given on the last page of this Annex.

1. Policy Framework
FRANCE
Regional energy committees
The targets of renewable energy for each region will be defined by the central government.
Each regional committee will be consulted.to take account of specific regional features.

GERMANYThe Federal Climate Protection Act (KSG)
The Federal Climate Protection Act (KSG) establishes a comprehensive framework formonitoring greenhouse gas emissions, both overall and in the individual sectors. The
emissions data are reviewed by an expert council consisting of distinguished scientists. If
the data indicate that emissions exceed the reduction targets of the KSG, the Federal
Government must adopt measures to meet these in the future. In addition, the Federal
Government regularly adopts a climate protection program in which it sets out how it
intends to achieve its climate protection targets. On an annual basis, the Federal
Government prepares a climate protection report that includes the development ofgreenhouse gas emissions in the various sectors and overall, the status of implementationof the climate protection programs and a projection of the expected greenhouse gas
reduction effects.

JAPAN
Act on Promotion of Global Warming Countermeasures and Local Government Action
Plan
Based on Article 21 of the Act on Promotion of Global Warming Countermeasures,
subnational governments are required to formulate Local Government Action Plan (LGAP)in line with the National Plan for Global Warming Countermeasures. LGAP consists of twoparts: municipal operational part and jurisdiction part. The revision of the Act introduced

2the system to create areas to promote global warming countermeasures (the PromotionArea) in 2022. Municipalities can establish the promotion areas for renewable energy
through discussions with local communities. In promotion areas, municipalities canauthorize renewable energy projects, and these projects are eligible for some incentives.
As of August 2023, 12 municipalities and towns were designated the promotion areas.
Climate Change Adaptation Act
The Climate Change Adaptation Act requires prefectural and municipal governments
including government ordinance-designated cities to strive to (1) formulate Local Climate
Change Adaptation Plans and (2) establish Local Climate Change Adaptation Centers. The
Ministry of the Environment, in collaboration with the National Institute for Environmental
Studies, supports the subnational government to plan and implement local activities by
publishing manuals, dispatching specialists, and collecting/providing information on theimpact and adaptation of climate change. The government also proposes a bill to thenational parliament to encourage actions against heat illness by municipal governments.
As of August 2023, a total of 236 subnational governments have developed their local
adaptation plan. These include 47 prefectures, 19 ordinance-designated cities, and 170
municipalities. As for the local climate change adaptation center, 60 subnational
governments (41 prefectures, 3 ordinance-designated cities, and 16 municipalities) haveestablished the local climate adaptation center as of August 2023.

UK
The Net Zero Strategy and Net Zero Growth Plan
The UK Government is working closely across all levels of government and with Devolved
Administrations in Wales, Scotland, and Northern Ireland to reduce emissions and deliver
net zero, as set out in The Net Zero Strategy and the Net Zero Growth Plan.
https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/net-zero-strategy
Devolution Deals
Six devolution deals have been negotiated since August 2022 which contain sharedagreements in relation to net zero/climate adaptation and/or clean energy in York andNorth Yorkshire, the North East, Norfolk, Suffolk, East Midlands and Cornwall. We will pilot
a devolved approach to buildings' retrofit from 2025 in the trailblazer ‘deeper devolution’deals with Greater Manchester Combined Authority and West Midlands Combined
Authority.
https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/1147457/powering-up-britain-net-zero-growth-plan.pdf

3

Good practice
The UK Government agreed two ‘trailblazing’ deeper devolution deals with theexisting Greater Manchester and West Midlands Combined Authorities. These
deals enhance the ability of the Combined Authorities to co-ordinate andlocally tailor policy interventions. This includes the piloting of a devolved
approach to building retrofit from 2025.
Local Adaptation Plans
Defra and the Committee on Climate Change collaborated with the Local Government
Association and Local Partnerships to develop the adaptation toolkit. The toolkit isintended to provide a supportive framework to enable local authorities to develop theirrisk assessments and adaptation pathways.
The UK government will pilot climate adaptation reporting by local authorities in the fourthround of reporting under the Adaptation Reporting Power (ARP4).
Local Investment in Natural Capital (LINC) Program
The UK government is providing up to £1 million each to 4 local authority areas - Cornwall,West Midlands Combined Authority, Borderlands (Cumbria, Carlisle and Northumberland),and York and North Yorkshire. The LINC Program will enable an integrated approach toplace-based nature recovery needs and provide investment for local climate adaptationplans and ambitions. Funding will support the aim to build lasting capacity and capability to
attract longer term private investment at scale.

US
The US Inflation Reduction Act (IRA)
The Inflation Reduction Act is a transformative law that is helping the United States meetits climate goals and strengthen energy security, investing in America to create goodpaying jobs, reducing energy and healthcare costs for families, and making the tax code
fairer.
One hundred seventy thousand jobs are estimated to have been already created by the
IRA; companies have announced over USD110 billion in clean energy investment, including
more than USD70 billion in EV supply chain and USD10 billion in solar manufacturing; The
Department of Energy estimates that "the clean energy provisions of the Inflation
Reduction Act of 2022 and the Bipartisan Infrastructure Law of 2021 together could reduce
emissions by approximately 1,000 million metric tons (MMT CO2e) in 2030, or about agigaton. Considering the other climate and energy provisions of these laws brings the total
to nearly 1,150 MMT CO2e.

4https://www.whitehouse.gov/cleanenergy/inflation-reduction-act-guidebook/https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefing-room/statements-releases/2023/08/16/fact-sheetone-year-in-president-bidens-inflation-reduction-act-is-driving-historic-climate-action-andinvesting-in-america-to-create-good-paying-jobs-and-reduce-costs/
Good practiceEnvironmental and Climate Justice Block Grants in the IRA: This example from theEnvironmental Protection Agency | Office of Environmental Justice and External
Civil Rights. To provide grants and technical assistance to community-based nonprofit organizations, alone or in certain partnerships, including those with Indian
Tribes, to reduce indoor and outdoor air pollution, including greenhouse gases;
monitor for pollution; improve community resilience to the impacts of climatechange, including extreme heat and wildfire; and build the capacity ofdisadvantaged communities to engage with state and federal decision-making
processes. The grant amount is USD3,000,000,000.
https://www.epa.gov/system/files/documents/202302/Slides%20for%20the%20EPA%20National%20EJ%20Engagement%20Call%2
0December%202022.pdf

American Innovation and Manufacturing (AIM) Act
The American Innovation and Manufacturing (AIM) Act authorizes EPA to address HFCs by:phasing down their production and consumption, maximizing reclamation and minimizing
releases from equipment, and facilitating the transition to next-generation technologies
through sector-based restrictions on HFCs. On September 23, 2021, EPA issued final rulethat will phase down the U.S. production and consumption of HFCs by 85% over the next
15 years, as mandated by the AIM Act. A global phasedown of HFCs is expected to avoid up
to 0.5°C of global warming by 2100. On November 3, 2022, EPA issued a proposed rule toestablish the methodology for allocating HFC production and consumption allowances
starting with calendar year 2024 allowances. From 2024 to 2028, HFC production andconsumption allowances will be capped at 40% below the baseline (i.e., historic levels).
https://www.epa.gov/climate-change/climate-change-regulatory-actions-andinitiatives#highEU
National Energy and Climate Plans
EU Member States are required to submit so-called “National Energy and Climate Plans”(NECPs) according to the EU Governance Regulation. In that context, the EU Regulation
obliges Member States, when preparing their respective NECPs needed to meet their5

respective climate and energy objectives for 2030 (and subsequently for 2040 and 2050),
to consult and draw on contributions from local and regional authorities (Article 11 of the
EU Governance Regulation).

2. Strategy/Plan
CANADA
Pan-Canadian Framework on Clean Growth and Climate Change (PCF)
Established in 2016, the PCF was Canada’s first-ever national climate plan developed withthe provinces and territories and in consultation with Indigenous Peoples. It includes a panCanadian approach for increasing climate resilience pricing carbon pollution, and measuresto achieve reductions in all sectors of the economy. The plan provides provinces/territories
the flexibility to develop their own policies and programs, supported by federal
investments such as the Low Carbon Economy Fund, which supports municipalities,
schools, businesses, not-for-profit organizations, Indigenous communities andorganizations, and others.
www.canada.ca/en/services/environment/weather/climatechange/pan-canadianframework.html
Good Practice
Canada’s approach to carbon pricing gives provinces and territories flexibility to
implement the type of system that makes sense for their circumstances as long as
they align with minimum national stringency standards. Where a province or
territory does not implement a system that meets the criteria, the federal systemapplies. All proceeds from the federal system are returned to the jurisdiction oforigin. Roughly 90% of federal fuel charge proceeds are returned to households toprotect against affordability impacts, and over 8 in 10 households receive moreback than they pay due to the fuel charge. In 2021, Canada strengthened thenational requirements, engaged intensively on adjustments to provinces andterritories’ systems and announced in November 2022 where the federal systemapplies for 2023-2030. Canada will review the stringency criteria by 2026 and reassess all pricing systems to ensure they continue to meet the criteria for the 20272030.
www.canada.ca/en/environment-climate-change/services/climatechange/pricing-pollution-how-it-will-work/carbon-pollution-pricing-federalbenchmark-information.html
https://www.canada.ca/en/environment-climate-change/news/2022/11/thegovernment-of-canada-strengthens-pollution-pricing-across-the-country.html

6National Adaptation Strategy (NAS)Canada’s first National Adaptation Strategy (NAS), finalized in June 2023, sets direction forwhole-of-society efforts to prepare for impacts of climate change. The Strategy wasdeveloped with provincial, territorial, and municipal governments, Indigenous Peoples, andother key partners. It aims to better coordinate on-going efforts and investments bydifferent orders of government and various sectors. The Strategy sets long-term goals,
medium-term objectives and short-term targets across five interconnected systems ofdisaster resilience, health and well-being, nature and biodiversity infrastructure, andeconomy and workers. The Strategy’s implementation will be supported through several
mechanisms, including bilateral action plans between the federal and provincial/territorial
governments, as well as new federal investments to support community-level climate
preparedness.
www.canada.ca/national-adaptation-strategy

FRANCE
Territorial decarbonization strategies
Each region and local authority draw up a territorial decarbonization strategy. These
strategies have been adopted in the majority of territories. The French government
supports the regions and local authorities in drawing up and implementing their local
policies, which must all be consistent with the strategies defined at a higher level.

GERMANY
Climate Action Plan 2050
The government's overarching mitigation strategy, which also addresses subnational
entities. The Climate Action Program 2030 contains the measures needed to achieve thedefined aims for 2030.
https://www.bmuv.de/en/publication/climate-action-plan-2050-en
Federal Action Plan on Nature-based Solutions for Climate and Biodiversity
Strengthens ecosystems and unites climate actions and nature conservation on federal andsub-national level.
https://www.bmuv.de/en/download/federal-action-plan-on-nature-based-solutions-forclimate-and-biodiversity

ITALY
Regional and Provincial Strategies for Sustainable Development
Since 2018, a series of actions have been activated on the initiative of the Ministry for theEnvironment and Energy Security (MASE), aimed at building frameworks for public policies

7at regional, autonomous province, and metropolitan city levels, in order to achieve theSDGs and provide evidence of the contributions made by policies, plans and programs to
the achievement of the National Strategy for Sustainable Development (NSDS) objectives,
as well as to define the mechanisms and indicators to guarantee their integrated
monitoring. In line with the path outlined by the NSDS at the national level, the objective of
the regional processes, therefore does not merely lie in producing a strategic document; itrather consists in creating a long-term vision and activating a series of coordinated andsynergic actions, which jointly constitute the regional, provincial, and metropolitan
strategies for sustainable development and enable achieving the objectives pursued by thenational strategy.
https://www.mase.gov.it/pagina/strategia-nazionale-lo-sviluppo-sostenibile
Good practices
Good PracticeAll Italian regions and the autonomous provinces of Trento and Bolzano–Alto
Adige are currently working on their own Regional and Provincial Strategies for
Sustainable Development. Fifteen Strategies have been approved in December
2022. Some of them (Sardinia, Apulia, Marche, Umbria, Lazio, Liguria) also
developed Climate Adaptation strategies intertwined with the sustainable
development strategic processes and governance. All Italian metropolitan cities
are also committed to devising their respective metropolitan agendas forsustainable development, a voluntary tool for building strategic visions to workon urban and metropolitan contexts and achieve the objectives pursued by the
Regional and Provincial Strategies for Sustainable Development. Fivemetropolitan agendas have been approved to date (Bologna, Milano, Firenze,
Cagliari, Torino). Two inter-institutional Roundtables are active at MASE for the
NSDS implementation and its application at territorial levels (one with Regions
and Autonomous Provinces; the other with Metropolitan Cities), as structured
mechanisms of permanent and multi-level interaction for sustainable
development and policy coherence. At both levels, cross-sectoral steeringcommittees in each administration were set up to coordinate and manage thecomplexity of strategies.

JAPAN
Regional Decarbonization Roadmap
The Regional Decarbonization Roadmap was formulated in 2021, based on which thenational and subnational governments work together to promote regional decarbonizationthat will be a growth strategy for regions, including not only urban but also rural areas. The

8

national government provides comprehensive support to subnational governments interms of human, technical, and financial resources. Based on the roadmap, Japan will
designate at least 100 areas as "Decarbonization Leading Areas," aiming to achieve regional
revitalization as well as carbon neutrality by 2030.

UK
The Net Zero Strategy and Net Zero Growth Plan (repeat)
The UK Government is working closely across all levels of government and with Devolved
Administrations in Wales, Scotland, and Northern Ireland to reduce emissions and deliver
net zero, as set out in The Net Zero Strategy and the Net Zero Growth Plan.
https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/net-zero-strategy

3. Initiative
CANADA
Net-Zero Challenge
The Net-Zero Challenge is an initiative that aims to encourage businesses to develop andimplement credible and effective plans to transition their facilities and operations to netzero emissions by 2050. Launched in August 2022, it has over 120 participating companies
to date. Going forward, the Net-Zero Challenge will be not only for businesses but also for
cities. The Government of Canada is committed to expanding the program to public entities
and local government to ensure all parts of the economy move toward net-zero.
https://www.canada.ca/en/services/environment/weather/climatechange/climateplan/net-zero-emissions-2050/challenge.html

JAPAN
Decarbonization Leading Areas
Based on the Regional Decarbonization Roadmap, Japan will designate at least 100 areas as"Decarbonization Leading Areas," aiming to achieve regional revitalization as well as carbon
neutrality by 2030, ahead of the national target year of 2050, and replicate these leading
models to other areas for making "decarbonization domino effect" across the country.
As of October 2023, 26 proposals submitted from 32 prefectures and 83 municipalities
were selected by October 2023.
Self-supporting decentralized areal energy system
The Self-supporting decentralized areal energy system is a system in which multiple
buildings located in close proximity within a district or town block are linked by a network9

of heat pipes and self-supply lines to provide an efficient energy supply by exchanging
energy (heat and electricity). By providing support for the construction of energy supply
facilities in conjunction with the construction of energy pipelines that are implemented
together with urban development projects, the introduction of a self-supporting
decentralized areal energy system is being promoted.
Good PracticeGood Practice
By developing an energy network and installing combined heat and power as anenergy supply facility, Sapporo City is building a low-carbon structure for theentire region and a system that will enable this region to maintain self-sustaining
functions in the case of disaster.

US
ENERGY STAR
ENERGY STAR® is the government-backed symbol for energy efficiency. The blue ENERGYSTAR label provides simple, credible, and unbiased information that consumers andbusinesses rely on to make well-informed decisions.
ENERGY STAR is administered by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Thousands oforganizations—including nearly 40% of the Fortune 500®—partner with ENERGY STAR.
Together with EPA, they deliver cost-saving energy efficiency solutions that protect theclimate, improve air quality, and protect public health. Since 1992, ENERGY STAR and its
partners have helped American families and businesses:- Saved 5 trillion kilowatt-hours of electricity.
- Avoided more than USD 500 billion in energy costs.
- Achieved 4 billion metric tons of greenhouse gas reductions.
https://www.energystar.gov/
National Pollution Discharge Elimination System - Stormwater Management
The NPDES stormwater program regulates some stormwater discharges from threepotential sources: municipal separate storm sewer systems (MS4s), construction activities,
and industrial activities. Operators of these sources might be required to obtain an NPDES
permit before they can discharge stormwater. This permitting mechanism is designed toprevent stormwater runoff from washing harmful pollutants into local surface waters.
https://www.epa.gov/npdes/npdes-stormwater-program
Renewable Fuel Standard Program
Congress created the Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS) program to reduce greenhouse gas

10emissions and expand the nation’s renewable fuels sector while reducing reliance on
imported oil.
EPA has approved fuel pathways under the RFS program under all four categories ofrenewable fuel. Advanced pathways already approved include ethanol made fromsugarcane; jet fuel made from camelina; cellulosic ethanol made from corn stover;compressed natural gas from municipal wastewater treatment facility digester; and others.
Biomass-based diesel must meet a 50% lifecycle GHG reduction; Cellulosic biofuel must be
produced from cellulose, hemicellulose, or lignin and must meet a 60% lifecycle GHG
reduction; Advanced biofuel can be produced from qualifying renewable biomass (except
corn starch) and must meet a 50% GHG reduction; and Renewable (or conventional) fueltypically refers to ethanol derived from corn starch and must meet a 20% lifecycle GHG
reduction threshold.
https://www.epa.gov/renewable-fuel-standard-programEU
Horizon Europe Mission on Adaptation to Climate Change
The Mission on Adaptation to Climate Change focuses on supporting EU regions, cities, andlocal authorities in their efforts to build resilience against the impacts of climate change.
The Mission contributes to putting the EU’s adaptation strategy into practice by helping theregions tox better understand the climate risks they are and will be confronted with in the future;x develop their pathways to be better prepared and cope with the changing climate;x test and deploy on the ground innovative solutions needed to build resilience.
The Mission’s objective is to accompany by 2030 at least 150 European regions andcommunities towards climate resilience.
https://climate-adapt.eea.europa.eu/en/mission
New European Bauhaus
The New European Bauhaus initiative connects the European Green Deal to citizens' daily
lives and living spaces. The New European Bauhaus inspires a movement to facilitate andsteer the transformation of societies along three inseparable values: sustainability,
aesthetics, and inclusion.
One hundred different projects on the ground and over 100 million EUR of NEB investment
https://new-european-bauhaus.europa.eu/index_en
https://new-european-bauhaus.europa.eu/get-inspired/inspiring-projects-and-ideas_en

11

The Green City Accord
The Green City Accord is a movement of European mayors committed to making cities
cleaner and healthier. By signing the Accord, cities commit to addressing five areas ofenvironmental management: air, water, nature and biodiversity, circular economy andwaste, and noise.
Currently, there are 104 signatories.
https://environment.ec.europa.eu/topics/urban-environment/green-city-accord_en
https://environment.ec.europa.eu/publications/green-city-accord-best-practicecollection_en
Good PracticeAn action plan encompassing both short and long-term measures was cocreated by numerous stakeholders in Oslo to prevent plastic from infiltrating theenvironment and reaching the Oslo Fjord, as well as to eliminate existing plastic
pollution. In 2019, the City of Oslo initiated a plastic manifesto geared towards
engaging the private sector in the development and execution of sustainable
solutions. The objective is to encourage companies to actively participate byproposing and implementing measures, methods, and systems aimed atcurtailing the unnecessary usage of plastic. The city also uses public procurement
to reshape the consumption patterns and reduce the unnecessary use of plastic
bottles in municipal bodies. Mapping of purchases of all products was conducted
to identify products and agencies that need to be targeted at.

EU Covenant of Mayors for Climate & Energy
Since 2008, the EU Covenant of Mayors for Climate & Energy has brought together
thousands of local governments that voluntarily commit to implementing EU climate andenergy objectives. The initiative has been designed to provide local governments, in highly
diversified national contexts, with a framework for their local energy and climate action. It
covers climate mitigation, adaptation, energy poverty as well as energy security measures.
Currently, there are 11791 signatories and 7884 submitted action plans.
https://eu-mayors.ec.europa.eu/en/home
https://eu-mayors.ec.europa.eu/en/resources/library
Good Practice can be found at https://eu-mayors.ec.europa.eu/en/key_action_list
Horizon Europe Mission on Climate-Neutral and Smart Cities
The Horizon Europe Mission on Climate-Neutral and Smart Cities involves local authorities,
citizens, businesses, investors, as well as regional and national authorities to 1) deliver 100

12climate-neutral and smart cities by 2030; 2) ensure that these cities act as experimentationand innovation hubs to enable all European cities to follow suit by 2050.
The 100 cities come from all 27 Member States, with 12 additional cities coming fromcountries associated or in the process of being associated to Horizon Europe.
https://research-and-innovation.ec.europa.eu/funding/funding-opportunities/fundingprograms-and-open-calls/horizon-europe/eu-missions-horizon-europe/climate-neutraland-smart-cities_en
Scalable Cities
The Scalable Cities intends to identify and promote energy solutions and business models
that can be scaled up and replicated across Europe and lead to measurable outcomes. By
promoting extensive collaboration among stakeholders across Europe, this program aims
to provide tangible evidence on how smart actions can lead the realization of climateneutral cities.
Scalable Cities represents 120 cities involved in 18 Smart Cities and Communities projects
funded by Horizon 2020 with around EUR 345 million. More than 53% of energy was saved,
and up to 88% of CO2 emissions were reduced.
https://smart-cities-marketplace.ec.europa.eu/scalable-cities
Good PracticeHolistic refurbishment and retrofitting in Lyon, Munich, and Vienna
Cities of Lyon, Munich, and Vienna took a holistic and integrative approach
towards refurbishment and retrofitting of different housing types such as social
housing, elementary schools, and private housing estates with the added energy
benefits in terms of installed photovoltaic panels, geothermal and heat pumpsolutions. Cities focused on integrating solutions at the building level with the
installation of local renewable energy solutions to be included in the
refurbishment and renovation of buildings in their project portfolio.
https://smart-cities-marketplace.ec.europa.eu/best-practices

4. Finance
CANADA
Low Carbon Economy FundThe fund supports the low-carbon economy transition of municipalities, businesses, andIndigenous Peoples, among others. The Low Carbon Economy Fund (LCEF) supports
projects to reduce Canada’s greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, generate clean growth, build

13resilient communities, and create good jobs for Canadians through four streams.
•

The Low Carbon Economy Leadership Fund supports provinces and territories to help
them deliver on commitments to reduce GHG emissions.

•

The Low Carbon Economy Challenge supports the use of proven, low-carbon
technologies to reduce GHG emissions.

•

The Indigenous Leadership Fund supports clean energy and energy efficiency projects
led by First Nations, Inuit, and Métis governments, communities, and organizations.

•

The Implementation Readiness Fund supports activities and investments that increase
the readiness of GHG emissions reduction projects.

The LCEF also supports the Government of Canada’s plans to achieve greenhouse gas(GHG) emissions reductions in 2030 and goals for net-zero emissions by 2050.
https://www.canada.ca/en/environment-climate-change/services/climate-change/lowcarbon-economy-fund.html
Disaster Mitigation and Adaptation Fund
The Disaster Mitigation and Adaptation Fund is a CAD 3.8 billion direct-delivery, meritbased program aimed at increasing the resilience of communities by funding public
infrastructure projects designed to mitigate current and future climate-related risks anddisasters triggered by natural hazards, such as floods, wildfires, droughts, erosion, andsevere storms. The program’s goal is to mitigate the risk of infrastructure failure that could
result in: threats to health and safety; threats to critical infrastructure, includinginterruptions in essential services; significant disruption in economic activity; and/or
increasingly high costs for recovery and replacement. To date, we have announced overCAD 2.3 billion in funding over 84 projects across the country to mitigate threats of natural
disasters such as floods, wildfires and droughts.
https://www.infrastructure.gc.ca/dmaf-faac/index-eng.html
Good PracticeGood Practice
A project supported by the Fund reduces the drought experienced in the
Tyendinaga Mohawk Territory through the extension of the water main
infrastructure. Once completed, the project will bring reliable access to safe
drinking water to the community during drought events and reduce the numberof directly affected people by 83% and reduce local economic losses by 80%..

Green and Inclusive Community Buildings Program
The Green and Inclusive Community Buildings Program supports low carbon, climate

14

resilient, and higher performing publicly accessible buildings in high-needs, underserved
communities across Canada. This is achieved through retrofits, repairs or upgrades ofexisting buildings, or the construction of new, net-zero carbon buildings. The program
objectives are to improve the availability and condition of community buildings in Canadian
communities experiencing higher needs and who are currently underserved. It also helps tostimulate the economy, creating good job opportunities while aligning to the net-zero andenergy efficiency goals of Canada's strengthened climate plan.
To date, the Green and Inclusive Community Buildings Program has approved andannounced 95 projects with federal funding of over $547.7 million.
https://www.infrastructure.gc.ca/gicb-bcvi/index-eng.html
Good Practice
A new Elder Care Home for Mohawks of the Bay of Quinte will provide a home
for a growing seniors population. With net-zero carbon and energy-saving
components, this will be the community's first green long-term care home. It willoffer critical services to residents, including: 24-hour nursing and personal care;
Indigenous-led services to elders to support aging in place and keep themconnected to their communities, culture and language; and improved health andwellness. Once built, the facility will meet and/or exceed the highest accessibility
standards within the jurisdiction.

Natural Infrastructure Fund
The Natural Infrastructure Fund invests in projects and initiatives that use nature-based
solutions to deliver multiple community services, by planting and restoring greenspace,water retention or detention systems and improving water diversion and infiltration. The
program's objectives are to build climate resilience, protect the natural environment,
reduce pollution, improve access to nature and enhance biodiversity and habitats.
To date, the Natural Infrastructure Fund approved and announced 3 projects with a totalfederal contribution of $25 million under the Large Projects Stream including projects for
Halifax, Winnipeg, and Vancouver. These projects include, increasing the tree canopy andinfiltration of runoff along historic broadway avenue in downtown Winnipeg, reducing
coastal ecosystems and reduction of coastal erosion and restoring shoreline ecosystems
along a critical access roadway in Halifax, and developing an interconnected stormwater
management system to prevent flooding, reduce sewage discharge and improving water
quality in Vancouver.

15

Good Practice
The City of Vancouver's "Rain City Strategy Using Nature-Based Solutions
Project will implement or enhance natural infrastructure distributed across thecity, including rainwater tree trenches, wetlands, stream restoration, and hybrid
infrastructure such as bioswales and permeable land cover. Once complete, thisproject will improve water quality and provide climate adaptation and increase
flood resilience, species protection, and biodiversity. Furthermore, it will
improve livability for residents by reducing urban heat island effects, improving
air quality and creating more access to nature.

Green Municipal FundThe Green Municipal Fund is a revolving fund endowed by the Government of Canada
administered by the Federation of Canadian Municipalities. The mandate is broad andevolving and uses a mix of funding, resources, and training to help municipalities
implement sustainable solutions, build resiliency and integrate climate action into
municipal planning processes. Some of the GMF’s objectives are to: accelerate thedevelopment and execution of municipal sustainability projects; validate solutions thathave the potential to scale up across Canada; and catalyze funding from the private andnot-for-profit sectors, provinces and territories, and utilities.
The Fund has invested in almost 2,000 municipal projects, which has resulted in migratingover 2.82 million tons of GHGs. In 2022, the Government of Canada announced an
additional $530 million for the GMF to support a minimum of 1400 community adaptation
projects. Operating as a well-managed endowment, the base operating capital has beenpreserved and is creating enough return from its loan portfolio and investments to ensure
continuous investments in communities across Canada.
https://greenmunicipalfund.ca/
Good practice can be seen at https://greenmunicipalfund.ca/case-studies
Public Transit Fund
The Public Transit Fund entitled “Healthy and sustainable modes of transportation for all”
encompasses $14.9 billion in investments over the next eight years in reliable, fast,
affordable, and clean public transit. This funding includes $3 billion per year in permanent,
predictable federal public transit funding which will be available to support transit
solutions beginning in 2026/27. So far, available application-based funds include Rural
Transit Solutions Fund with $250 million to locally driven transit solutions for rural andremote communities. There is also a Zero Emission Transit Fund with $2.75 billion available
to support public transit and school bus operators plan for electrification, as well as the16purchase of 5,000 zero emission buses. Lastly, Active Transportation Fund with $400
million is available for projects that build new and expanded networks of pathways, bikelanes, trails, and pedestrian bridges.
https://www.infrastructure.gc.ca/transit-transport/index-eng.html

FRANCEGreen FundWith EUR2 billion in funding in 2023, the Green Fund is designed to finance projects
submitted by local authorities and their public or private partners in three areas:
environmental performance (including energy-efficient renovation of buildings), adapting
the region to climate change and improving the quality of life (including urban greening). A
minimum of 10% of the dotation has to be dedicated to adaptation actions.
https://www.ecologie.gouv.fr/fonds-vert

GERMANY
National Climate Initiative (NKI)NKI is the funding program that focuses on local authorities in implementing climate
protection measures. Since 2008, the funding of investment projects has reduced
greenhouse gas emissions by a total of around 16 million metric tons of CO2e (net over theeffective period). Further greenhouse gas reductions of 23.4 million metric tons of CO2e(net over the effective period) have also been triggered by strategic projects.
https://www.klimaschutz.de/de
Good practices
Good Practice(a) Wärmewende Meldorf
Germany's first earth basin heat storage for the use of industrial waste heat forthe district heating supply not only reduce carbon emissions, but also provide
flexibility and security of supply system to the residents of town of Meldorf,
Schleswig-Holstein, a small town in North-Western Germany.
https://www.ramboll.com/projects/energy/germany-s-pit-thermal-energystorage(b) Solarheatgrid
With its model project "Construction of Germany's largest solar thermal plant in
Ludwigsburg and integration into the extended district heating network of
Stadtwerke Ludwigsburg-Kornwestheim GmbH (SWLB)", provision of heat in its

17

entire district heating area from regional renewable energies is pursed in thelong term. https://www.klimaschutz.de/de/projekte/solarheatgrid(c) Waste field
Replacement of aged artificial turf field with an environmentally friendly
alternative. Bio-based and climate-neutral in production with high durability at
the same time, the new field turf meets the highest demands of an athlete. Aspart of the project, the aged artificial turf system was removed, recycled,
returned to the economic cycle, and the new, bio-based, rapeseed oil-based
system was installed. More than 300t CO2e are saved and about 135t of waste
are avoided.
https://fc-oberabtsteinach.de/sportplatz-projekt/

Urban Development Support ProgramThis funding program of federal level, state level and municipalities supports urban
development projects.
Adaptation of Urban Spaces to Climate Change programThis is the investment program which supports the development and modernization of theblue-green infrastructure.
Climate change adaptation in social institutions (AnpaSo Förderprogramm)
A funding program for municipalities and welfare associations- As of December 31, 2022, a total of 115,061 individuals will be directly reached byadaptation measures. (An adaptation concept is drawn up for 621 institutions, 66,248
vulnerable persons in social institutions received benefit directly from funded adaptation
measures, 48,818 employees in social institutions can also benefit directly).
- 475 institutions are adapted, with measures on or in buildings and in the areas
surrounding buildings- The most frequently mentioned social institutions to benefit funding are kindergartens(32%), elderly care and nursing facilities / services (15%), and schools (13%).
https://www.z-u-g.org/anpaso/
Good Practice
From spring to fall 2021, two projects were implemented in a total of 23
kindergartens in Bonn as part of the funding to help them adapt to heat andheavy rain. The aim was to identify, in particular, smaller measures that could
be implemented quickly, such as solar sails or greening the courtyard.

18

In the project detailed concepts were also drawn up for three selected
kindergartens, including larger structural measures that are now being
implemented. The knowledge gained in this way about climate adaptation
measures can also be transferred to other kindergartens and thus makes a longterm contribution to the quality of living and working in Bonn's social
institutions.
https://zentrum-klimaanpassung.de/wissenklimaanpassung/praxisbeispiele/beratung-und-konzepte-zur-klimaanpassungfuer-kitas-bonn
https://www.z-u-g.org/anpaso/projekte/

German Adaptation Strategy funding program (DAS Förderprogramm)
The funding program started in 2011 with the aim of supporting the German Adaptation
Strategy. Initially, it financed a wide variety of pilot adaptation projects. It was reformed in
2021 in order to focus on enhancing municipal adaptation efforts, mainly throughpersonnel (climate change adaptation managers) and the creation of adaptation concepts.
Up to date, a total of 501 projects have been funded, a total of 352 since 2018. In its
reformed version and as of the end of July 2023, 97 projects with adaptation managers
were funded, of which 81 projects relate to the preparation of adaptation concepts and 16
projects to the implementation of climate adaptation concepts. The first monitoring reporton this grant has not yet been completed, but initial data analysis shows that, according to
the applicants, contributions are to be made in particular to the following Sustainable
Development Goals - SDG 11 Sustainable Cities, SDG 15 Protect terrestrial ecosystems, SDG
3 Health, SDG 13 Measures to combat climate change, and SDG 6 Sustainably protect
oceans, seas and marine resources.
https://www.z-u-g.org/das/
https://www.z-u-g.org/das/projekt/alle-projekte-des-das-foerderprogramms/

ITALY
Sustainable Urban Mobility Incentive Program (PrIMUS)
The program encourages and co-finances urban mobility choices alternative to the use ofprivate cars, promoting the spread of environmentally friendly forms of mobility andvehicle sharing, as well as the propensity to change citizens' habits and behavior in favor ofsustainable mobility.
The program has a budget of 15 million EUR to co-finance projects submitted bymunicipalities that fall under one of the following actions.
https://www.mase.gov.it/pagina/primus

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Good practices
Good Practice
PrIMUS helps creation of new cycle paths able to meet the demand for urban
home-school and home-work journeys; development of sharing mobility in urban
areas; development of mobility management activities at the premises of stateadministrations (central and peripheral offices), territorial administrations,schools and universities.

Program for the promotion of sustainable school transport
The program finances projects for the realization or implementation of school transport
services for state and municipal kindergarten and first-cycle state school children withhybrid or electric means of transport
https://www.mase.gov.it/pagina/programma-di-finanziamento-la-promozione-deltrasporto-scolastico-sostenibile
Milano Transition FundThe role of the innovative financing mechanism is crucial. The Milano Transition Fund
(MTF) is for the creation of central public-aligned entity that combines public and private
finance to deliver Green Neighbourhoods.
https://eit.europa.eu/news-events/news/new-air-and-climate-plan-milan
Good PracticeGood Practice
The MTF2026 project was developed through a co-design process that involved
representatives of the Associations of condominium managers, tenants andtechnical operators in the building sector. The model developed and proposed by
the MTF2026 project aims to lay the foundations for the launching of a broad
and profound energy requalification program for buildings, by renewing both theenvelopes and the energy systems, aggregating the demand and combining
elementsof regeneration of theinterested neighborhoods

through

implementation of green infrastructures and public spaces, in a systemic vision
for a “carbon neutral community agenda“. MTF2026 is co-financed by EIT
Climate-KIC and the project partnership that involves Politecnico di Milano,
Poliedra, Milano Municipality, Bankers Without Boundaries, Dark Matter
Laboratories, AMAT and REDO SGR.

20

JAPAN
Japan Green Investment Corp. for Carbon Neutrality (JICN)JICN is a public-private investment fund established in October 2022, which provides
financial supports to a variety of decarbonization projects aiming to boost the investment
from the private sector.
Capital contribution at the time of establishment is JPY 20.4 billion. The list of theshareholders is as follows.
- Private shareholders: 82 companies, JPY 10.2 billion)- Financial institutions: 57 institutions including the Development Bank of Japan, 3 megabanks, regional banks and others- Business companies: 25 companies including energy, steel, chemical, etc.
- Government: Fiscal Investment and Loan (Industrial Investment), JPY 10.2 billion at
establishment. In FY2022: JPY 20 billion maximum (including JPY 10.2 billion capital atestablishment) and in FY2023: JPY 40 billion maximum + JPY 20 billion government
guarantee (less than 5 years)
https://www.env.go.jp/en/press/press_00704.html
Green Infrastructure Urban Development Support Program
The program promotes mitigation of urban flood and improvement of urban productivity
and comfort by supporting the development of green infrastructure through public-private
partnerships and cross-sector cooperation.
https://www.mlit.go.jp/toshi/park/toshi_parkgreen_fr_000040.html
Good Practice
Kyoto City is using the Green Infrastructure urban Development Support Program
to develop parks and green spaces with high rainwater storage and infiltration
capacity, and is also developing a rain garden with a structure that temporarily
stores rainwater and allows it to slowly infiltrate into the ground, taking
advantage of Kyoto's garden culture. By developing such green infrastructure,
Kyoto City is improving urban resilience, creating a favorable landscape, andpromoting the creation of a sustainable and attractive city.

UK
UK Growth Funding
Through the introduction of UK-wide growth funding schemes, Government is enabling
local areas to tackle net zero goals in ways that best suit their needs. For example, the £2.6
billion UK Shared Prosperity Fund which states that investment made under this Fund

21

should demonstrate the extent of contribution to net zero and nature recovery objectives.
https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/net-zero-strategy
Good PracticeWest Devon District Council was awarded £1.1m as part of the UK Shared
Prosperity Fund, awarded to support business and community. The Council isusing its funding within the Borough to achieve the most sustainable outcomes
possible to support the Council's Climate Change and Biodiversity promise to
become net-zero in the Borough by 2050. Across the Borough the Council’s
specialist officers will be offering wider business decarbonization support andconsultancy with support for Community Energy Groups to help them bringprojects forward and access funds to support their goals.

Industrial Strategy Challenge Fund - Prospering from the Energy Revolution
The UK Government committed up to £104 million of funding through the Industrial
Strategy Challenge Fund to the Prospering from the Energy Revolution (PFER) program. The
program developed smart local energy systems to provide investable, scalable local
business models and finance mechanisms using integrated approaches to deliver cleaner,cheaper energy services.
https://www.ukri.org/what-we-offer/our-main-funds/ukri-challenge-fund/Good Practice
Project LEO (Local Energy Oxfordshire) under the Industry Strategy Challenge
Fund, UK
Project LEO was supported by the PFER program, ran trials in Oxfordshire whichlooked to build a broad range of reliable evidence of the technological, market
and social conditions needed for a greener, more flexible, and fair electricity
system. Project LEO is partly funded through £15 million from the Industrial
Strategy Challenge fund, with partners in Oxford City Council and Oxfordshire
County Council.
https://project-leo.co.uk/

UK Infrastructure Bank (UKIB)
The government has established the UK Infrastructural Bank (UKIB) with an initial £12billion of capital for the twin goals of tackling climate change and levelling up. This includesa £4billion loan facility for local government.
https://www.ukib.org.uk/

22

Good Practice
The Bank will work with Bristol City Council as they begin the delivery of theirinnovative City Leap partnership that will build £1bn of net zero infrastructure,including strategic heat networks, over the next 20 years.
https://www.ukib.org.uk/news/focus-supporting-local-authorities-theirjourney-net-zero

3ci (Cities Commission for Climate Investment)
The Government has funded 3Ci which is a partnership between Connected Places
Catapult, Core Cities UK, London Councils, and other local authorities across the UK aimed
at supporting local authorities secure the necessary long-term finance for achieving net
zero.
https://www.3ci.org.uk/
Community Energy Fund
In August 2023, we announced the £10million Community Energy Fund which provides
grant funding for urban and rural communities to develop local renewable energy projects
for investment, provides a mechanism to support the community energy sector. This isdelivered through the Local Net Zero Hubs and expands on the success of the previous
Rural Community Energy Fund.
https://www.gov.uk/government/news/communities-at-the-heart-of-new-fund-to-boostlocal-growth-and-energy-security

US
Clean School Bus Program Rebates through the Bipartisan Infrastructure Investment andJobs Act
The Bipartisan Infrastructure Law is a historic investment in the resiliency of ourinfrastructure to climate change, cybersecurity risks, and other hazards. This investment
will help to protect communities against the impacts of climate changes such as droughts,
heat, floods, wildfires, as well as cyber-attacks and other threats. It is also the largest
investment in clean energy infrastructure in American history.
USD5 billion are for decarbonizing the nation’s school bus fleet, improving air quality formore than 25 million children who ride the bus to school each day.
https://www.epa.gov/cleanschoolbus/awarded-clean-school-bus-program-rebates

23

Climate Ready Estuaries Program
Climate Ready Estuaries assists the National Estuary Program (NEP) and coastal
communities in becoming "climate ready" by providing tools and assistance to assessclimate change vulnerability and plan for adaptation.
https://www.epa.gov/cre

EU
Smart Cities Marketplace
The Smart Cities Marketplace plays an important role in speeding up the green transition of
cities in Europe by improving citizens’ quality of life, increasing the competitiveness ofEuropean cities and industry as well as reaching European energy and climate targets. It
complements current EU efforts such as REPowerEU with a complete catalogue of offers
such as calls for free technical assistance, 1-to-1-consultancy services for city-led consortia
close to the financing stage, financing masterclasses and a fine-tuned matchmaking for thefinancing of urban projects and intensified partnerships with other EU initiatives.
127 Bankable project proposals received 616.3 EUR million matched with investor interest
18 Investor network members
https://smart-cities-marketplace.ec.europa.eu/
https://smart-cities-marketplace.ec.europa.eu/insights
https://smart-cities-marketplace.ec.europa.eu/projects-and-sites
Good PracticeGood Practice
The City of Bydgoszcz, has successfully applied for technical assistance andconsultancy services from the Smart Cities Marketplace, supporting the city torealize its ambitious renewable energy project, building on its Sustainable Energy
and Climate Action Plan (SECAP) and the investment concept funded by theEuropean City Facility (EUCF). Bydgoszcz intends to implement 10 photovoltaic
farms with a total capacity of approximately 40 megawatts (MW), at anindicative investment volume in the order of 50 million EUR. The project also
involves creating a cutting-edge hydrogen generation system that is primarily
intended to de-carbonize the city's bus transportation system. The project has
the potential to be replicated in Poland and expanded beyond its initial scope.
https://europa.eu/!MgbWtf
European City Facility
Set up under the Horizon 2020 Framework Program for Research and Innovation of theEuropean Union, and being co-funded as part of the LIFE program, the EUCF unlocks local

24

potential and support municipalities, local authorities, their groupings and local public
entities aggregating municipalities/local authorities in Europe with tailor-made, fast andsimplified financial support (in the form of 60,000 EUR lump sums) and related services toenable them to develop relevant investment concepts related to the implementation ofactions identified in their climate and energy action plans.
The first call of the European City Facility took place in 2020 and since then four successful
calls have been completed awarding 213 local governments with funding to develop their
Investment Concepts.
https://www.eucityfacility.eu/home.html
https://www.eucityfacility.eu/investment-concepts/success-stories.html
European Urban Initiative
The European Urban Initiative is an essential tool to support cities of all sizes, to build
capacity and knowledge, to support innovation and develop transferable and scalable
innovative solutions to urban challenges of EU relevance. The EUI provides different levelsof assistance: Supporting urban authorities with up to 80% direct co-financing and up to
5M EUR ERDF, allowing EU cities to experiment as testbeds for their innovative idea andtransferring it to other cities, Strengthening capacities of cities in the design of sustainableurban development strategies, policies and practices in an integrated and participative
way; Providing a knowledge environment for cities to ensure easier access to horizontal
and thematic knowledge and share the know-how on sustainable urban development.
With an indicative budget of 50 million EUR ERDF, the first Call for Proposals of EUI Innovative Actions is targeting innovative projects focusing on the New European Bauhaus.
In total 125 Urban Authorities applied, out of which small and medium size cities (less than
250,000 inhabitants) account for 76%
https://www.urban-initiative.eu/
Good Practice'Greening Cities' is the topic of the second EUI-IA Call for proposals opened in theend of May 2023. Under the topic ‘Greening Cities,’ the projects will be funded toexperiment and deliver tangible innovative solutions on green infrastructure
across European cities, for better addressing the biodiversity, pollution, resource
and climate challenges, including synergy development with other key policy
areas. The innovative solutions tested under the funded projects are expected tocontribute to Cohesion policy investments related to the green and just transition
and will embrace the issue of being affordable to all.

25

5. Information/Data/Technical Guidance
CANADAThe Canadian Center for Climate Services
The Center works with partners and stakeholders to provide Canadians with informationand support to consider climate change in their decisions. It does this by:xIncreasing awareness of and providing easy access to climate data and informationx

Providing training and guidance on using climate datax

Engaging with users to understand need.

x

Developing new products collaboratively with experts and users

The Center supports two climate data portals. The Center’s website provides access to alibrary of climate resources, climate information, the Center Support Desk, and tools tovisualize climate data. ClimateData.ca provides climate model projections and historical
data at a local scale for many environmental variables. Currently, the Center has about
20,000 visitors per month across its platform, a number that increasing year-over-year
since its inception in 2018.

FRANCEThe Resource Center for Adaptation to Climate Change
The Center is positioned as a single point of information, redirecting local authorities to all
the data and methods proposed on the subject of adaptation to climate change.

JAPAN
PLATEAU
PLATEAU is a project to develop, utilize, and open data of 3D city models. The 3D urban
model is a digital twin model that guarantees the accuracy of the location as a "map" thatis the product of public surveying, and also provides not only shape but also attributeinformation such as use, height, and age of the building. Using this model, we arepromoting heat island countermeasures (thermal environment simulation using thermofluid analysis) and urban development based on the simulation results.
https://www.mlit.go.jp/en/toshi/daisei/plateau_en_2.html
Good Practice
Kumagaya City attempted to promote the selection of suitable sites for smart
town development based on ventilation and thermal stress by conducting wind
and thermal environment simulations using the 3D urban model.

26

US
Climate Change Adaptation Resource Center (ARC–X)
EPA’s Adaptation Resource Center (ARC-X) is an interactive resource to help local
governments effectively deliver services to their communities even as the climate changes.
Decision makers can create an integrated package of information tailored specifically totheir needs. Once users select areas of interest, they will find information about: the risks
posed by climate change to the issues of concern; relevant adaptation strategies; casestudies illustrating how other communities have successfully adapted to those risks andtools to replicate their successes.
EPA works with Brazil and Latin America and Africa to transfer ARC-X.
https://www.epa.gov/arc-x

6. Capacity Building
FRANCE
Climate and energy observatories
The observatories set up on a voluntary basis in different regions also provide territorial
actors with climate change indicators and examples of adaptation actions.
Training targeted at Mayors
It is planned to train at least 30,000 mayors in the challenges of ecological transition on thebasis of a successful pilot training course on adaptation for local elected officials held in
September 2022. The large-scale training has not started yet.

JAPAN
Advisor for Decarbonization
In March 2023, the Ministry of the Environment established the Advisor for
Decarbonization Program. This program aims to support small and medium enterprise to
calculate their emissions and take necessary measures based on the emission data throughthe appointment of advisers who have daily contact with the companies. The Ministry of
the Environment provides a guideline of the qualification system to certify advisors. By
encouraging local stakeholders including local government officials to acquire advisor
certification, the national government support capacity development of the persons who
provide advice and practical support for decarbonization.

27

UK
Local Net Zero Hubs Program
Then Local Net Zero Hubs programme helps local authorities and communities in England
to play a leading role in decarbonisation. The program comprises 5 Local Net Zero Hubs
which promote best practice and support local authorities to develop net zero projects andattract commercial investment. The Hubs also provide good practice guidance, tools, andresources to benefit Local Authorities across England.
https://www.swnetzerohub.org.uk/
https://www.gsenetzerohub.org.uk/
https://www.midlandsnetzerohub.co.uk/
https://www.neynetzerohub.com/
https://nwroutetonetzero.com/ and https://www.localenergynw.org/
Good PracticeNorth East and Yorkshire Local Net Zero Hub are delivering the Public Sector
Decarbonization Toolkit, a fundamental aspect of delivery of the Public Sector
Decarbonization Fund (PSDF). This includes decarbonization plans for 60 local
sites and energy assessments at 100 more. The toolkit provides a step-by-stepguide to help partners develop and implement a Heat Decarbonization Plan andpractical advice on applying for PSDS Funding. There have been 10 successful bids
from region in most recent PSDF phase.
https://www.neynetzerohub.com/resources/hub-guides/public-estatedecarbonization-guidance/

Net Zero Living Program
Net Zero Living is run by Innovate UK, this is a £60 million, three-year program that aims tohelp places and businesses across the UK to accelerate the delivery of the transition to net
zero. This includes:x£1.5 million for the Net Zero Living Digital Accelerator Funding.

x

The Pathfinder Place awards for UK registered businesses and local authorities to apply fora share of up to £2 million to plan for a place-based demonstration of ways to accelerate
progress towards net zero; andx

The Fast Follower Awards for local authorities to apply for a share of up to £6 million to build
skills and capabilities to accelerate local progress towards net zero.

https://iuk.ktn-uk.org/program/net-zero-living/
Net Zero Go

28

Net Zero Go is an online platform to offer practical support to help more councils deliverclean energy projects that help meet net zero targets, and support a homegrown, secure
UK energy system.
The Knowledge Library brings together the sector's best and most trusted resources,
offering over 700+ articles, checklists, toolkits, calculators and more.
https://www.netzerogo.org.uk/s/US
Green Power Partnership
EPA’s Partners include a wide variety of leading organizations, including large corporations;
small and medium-sized businesses; local, state, and federal governments; non-profit
institutions; and colleges and universities. The Partnership provides a simple framework fororganizations to exercise their choice in how their power is generated, including:• Credible minimum green power usage benchmarks.
• Market and supply options information.
• Procurement assistance and guidance.
• Public recognition for green power leadership and use.
At the end of calendar year 2021, more than 700 EPA Green Power Partners were using a
total of more than 85 billion kilowatt-hours (kWh) of green power annually, which:x

Is equivalent to the annual electricity use of more than 8 million average American homes.

x

Represents 35 percent of the total voluntary green power market in the United States.

x

Represents more than 2 percent of total annual retail electricity sales in the United States.

https://www.epa.gov/greenpower/about-green-power-partnership

EU
European Urban Initiative (repeating)

7. Network/Information Exchange
CANADAThe Canadian Center for Climate Services’ Network of Regional Climate Service Providers
The Center supports and fosters the development of regional climate expert organizations
to provide locally relevant climate information to users across the country. A national
network of those climate services providers has been developed and members regularly
share best practices and discuss their experiences. At this time, the Center has finalized
agreements with:x

British Columbia: Pacific Climate impacts Consortium (PCIC)x

Prairies: ClimateWest

29

x

Québec: OuranosxAtlantic: CLIMAtlantic

The Center is also working with other regions and territories to foster the emergence of
new regional climate expert organizations.

ITALY
Green City Network
Green City Network with more than 300 cities and 80 experts from Academia/Research
center promotes carbon neutrality. The Network is an activity aimed at sustainable
development to develop activities and interventions to activate and support a greatercommitment of Italian cities at different size (large, medium and small) to improve
ecological quality, climate mitigation and adaptation efforts, soil saving and the efficientand circular use of resources in a local sustainable development perspective.

UK
Local Net Zero ForumThe Local Net Zero Forum brings together national and local government senior officials ona regular basis to discuss policy and delivery options on net zero.
15 local government organizations and 7 central government departments are members of
the Local Net Zero Forum.
Local Net Zero Hubs Program (repeat)

EU
Community of Practice – CITIESThe Community of Practice – CITIES (CoP-CITIES) empowers cities, city networks, academia
and NGOs to share knowledge and expertise on urban issues, to anticipate potential
challenges, and to generate scientific evidence for effective urban policies. The Community
contributes towards more sustainable, resilient, inclusive cities, able to improve mobility,
to provide affordable housing, to deal with ageing populations and to meet healthcaredemands, while taking advantage of digital innovations. The CoP-CITIES publishes a bimonthly newsletter, sharing information on key events and publications related to urban
matters.
https://knowledge4policy.ec.europa.eu/territorial/community-of-practice-cities_en
CIVITASCIVITAS is one of the flagship programs helping the European Commission achieve its
ambitious mobility and transport goals, and in turn those in the European Green Deal. It30

does this by acting as a network of cities, for cities, dedicated to sustainable urban
mobility. Through peer exchange, networking and training, CIVITAS fosters politicalcommitment and boosts collective expertise, equipping cities to put mobility at the centerof decarbonization. Since its launch in 2002, CIVITAS has advanced research and innovationin sustainable urban mobility and enabled local authorities to develop, test and roll out
measures via a range of projects. A series of ten thematic areas underpin these.
Over 330 local authorities are currently CIVITAS members.
http://civitas.eu/
Good PracticeGood Practice
DECARBOMILE aims to trigger an unprecedented improvement of green, lastmile logistics in Europe. Comprised of 31 partners from 10 countries, project
partners will build upon previously developed results from other last-milelogistics projects, so as to improve delivery methods, tools and methodologies,
and implementation across Europe. The solutions developed in DECARBOMILE
will demonstrate the full potential of decarbonised last-mile logistics in four livinglabs cities. Four satellite cities will be involved at a smaller scale to further test
and study developed solutions.

31Definition of Categories
1. POLICY FRAMEWORK
A law, regulation, procedure, standards promulgated by a national government or its representatives which
provides framework of subnational actions.
2. STRATEGY/PLAN
Documents promulgated by a national government or its representatives which provides set of activities
including subnational actions (strategies and plans).
3. INITIATIVE
Leading actions, process, or movements to achieve targets/goals or solve problems.
4. FINANCE
Financial supports/incentives provided by national government or its representatives to subnational
governments, which includes loans, guarantees, tax credits, investments, aid funds, grants, subsidies, andothers.
5. INFORMATION/DATA/TECHNICAL SUPPORTProvision of guidance/advice on use of a special technology, software, data and information gathering andany other supports. Provision of data and information from national governments to subnational
governments, etc.
6. CAPACITY DEVELOPMENT
Provision of educational program, trainings, seminars, twinning program targeted at subnational
government staff or any other equivalent staff. Sending consultants and advisors to provide know-how tosubnational governments with objective of human capacity, skills, and knowledge development can be also
categorized under this category.
7. NETWORKING/INFORMATION EXCHANGE
Exchange of information and ideas among subnational government staff or any other equivalent staff withspecial interest; platform to connect subnational government staff or any other equivalent staff in a physicalor virtual environment to facilitate knowledge and information and exchange and/or building solidarity.

32Annex 1-2.
National Support Subnational Governments[International]
Compilation of inputs from G7 members

1.

Policy/Plan/Strategy ............................................................................................................................ 34

2.

Initiative ............................................................................................................................................... 38

3.

Finance ................................................................................................................................................. 44

4.

Capacity Building ................................................................................................................................. 53

5.

Networking .......................................................................................................................................... 54

6.

Partnership among G7 Members......................................................................................................... 57

33

This Annex is a compilation of information provided by G7 members on international cooperation projects to
support subnational climate action. This is a collection of cases of international cooperation projects, but does
not cover all relevant international cooperation projects.
The measures are grouped into six categories. Some measures belong to more than one category. They are eitherclassified into the closest category or restated. Definitions of each category are appended on the last page of thisAnnex.

1. Policy/Plan/Strategy
GERMANY
Urban-Act
Asia (China: Jiaxing, Xiamen, Xi'An/Gaoling district - India: Shimla, Coimbatore, Panaji Philippines: Bacolod, Antipolo, Tagbilaran - Indonesia: Padang, Medan - Thailand: Phuket,
Chiang Mai, Khon Kaen, up to 6 cities in the subregional IMT-GT)
Urban Act supports decarbonized and resilient urban development in Asia. It supports thedevelopment of climate-sensitive Integrated Urban Development Plans (IUDP) andfacilitates innovative climate measures in the priority sectors of transport, circular
economy, environment, and buildings. It thereby contributes to creating tangible
mitigation and adaptation results. Policy frameworks are enhanced focusing on
coordination and financial incentives for climate-sensitive urban development. Systematic
regional engagement of all 5 countries contributes to regional agenda setting, knowledge
sharing and scaling up of best practices. Urban-Act also considers the impacts of the
COVID-19 health crisis and contributes to a green recovery. The budget from 2020-2022 is2,954,569 EUR.
<Targets and Progress>
Standard Indicator 1(SI) 4 – Capacity people: Number of people directly supported by IKI
projects through networking and training to address climate change or to conserve
biodiversity: number of people: 500
SI 5 – Leveraged Finance: (Target) Volume of private and/or public finance leveraged forclimate action or biodiversity purposes: Mobilized public finance / EUR: 540,000 (Target) intechnical assistance for (early) project preparation.
https://www.international-climate-initiative.com/en/project/urban-act-integrated-urbanclimate-action-for-low-carbon-resilient-cities-22-i-416-asia-g-urban-act-integrated-climateaction/

1

Standard indicators (SI) is a set of indicators that are required for formal reporting for new projects to provide
information of such as contribution/impacts of the IKI projects.

34

Good Practice
The integration of climate action in the Asia-Pacific region is a key intervention to
spearhead climate-resilient development, with the IKI Urban-Act regional project
partnership as one of the enablers for its operationalization.
https://www.international-climate-initiative.com/en/iki-media/news/integrated-climateaction-for-low-carbon-and-resilient-cities-in-asia-and-the-pacific/

ITALY
The Digital Demand-Driven Electricity Network Initiative (3DEN)
Cross-region/Global
This initiative coordinated by International Energy Agency (IEA) and financially supportedby the Ministry of Environment and Energy Security (MASE), is working to accelerate
progress on power system modernization and effective utilization of distributed energy
resources through policy, regulation, technology, and investment guidance at local level.
3DEN has a global focus. Initial geographic priorities include Brazil, Colombia, India,
Indonesia, Morocco, South Africa, Tunisia, and critical regions like Latin America, Africa and
ASEAN. In 2022, a testing phase at local level has been launched, in collaboration with
UNEP, through pilot projects in Brazil, Colombia, India and Morocco.
https://www.iea.org/programs/digital-demand-driven-electricity-networks-initiative
Good PracticeGood PracticeIn the framework of the 3DEN, the following dissemination activity have been
implemented.
-

Organized or participated in more than 60 webinars and virtual workshops
and held numerous bilateral exchanges with representatives from target
countries and regions, the private sector, international and regionalorganizations, industry associations, start-ups and innovative companies,
and academia.

-

Contributed to more than 35 reference publications and produced 2 reportsSmart Grids for reliable and efficient power in emerging markets anddeveloping economies and Digital Grids of the Future.

JAPAN
Clean Cities Partnership Program (C2P2)
Cross-cutting, Cross-regional/Global
Under the Japan G7 Presidency in 2023, the Ministry of the Environment (MOEJ) and Japan35

International Cooperation Agency (JICA) launched a new program, Clean Cities Partnership
Program (C2P2) to mobilize engagement of multi-stakeholders on target cities and provide
a comprehensive and synergetic support to urban agenda including climate change,
environmental pollution, and circular economy.
City-to-city Collaboration Program for Zero-carbon Society
Cross-region/Global
To spread "decarbonization domino effect" to other countries, Japan supports the City-tocity Collaboration Program, in which Japanese cities transfer their knowledge andexperience on decarbonization/adaptation in partnership with the private sector, whichlead to net zero ambitions, implementation of action plans and regulations, and applicationof decarbonized/ climate resilient infrastructure in partner cities.
Since MOE Japan launched this project in 2013, 45 cities/regions and 20 Japanese cities,
including the results of this time, have participated in this project.
https://www.env.go.jp/earth/coop/lowcarbon-asia/english/project/

Good Practice
Kuala Lumpur-Tokyo Cooperation:
Since 2019, Tokyo Metropolitan Government has been supporting thedevelopment of low carbon building standards for facilities owned by Kuala
Lumpur City, Malaysia, in cooperation with the Institute for Global
Environmental Strategies (IGES) and under the MOEJ's City-to-City Collaboration
project. Tokyo Metropolitan Government (TMG) shared its policy and know-how
with Kuala Lumpuron energy efficiency and renewable energy measures for
TMG-owned facilities, among other building decarbonization measures
implemented by TMG, conducted local workshops and training visits to Japan,
and held over 50 online meetings during the COVID-19 pandemic to provide
practical information and exchange opinions. Among the achievements to date
are the development of renovation plans for municipal facilities in Kuala Lumpur
City and the establishment of guidelines for energy management systems in the
new construction, renovation, and operation phases of municipal facilities. Kuala
Lumpur announced its zero-carbon goal and the cooperation obtained the C40
Award in October 2022. The cooperation is now strengthened by adding Saitama
City as a partner.

36

UK
Climate Smart Development for Nepal
Nepal
This program aims to support Nepal's action to adapt to the impacts of climate change andpromote clean development. In addition to providing strategic support to the Central
Government, it also aims to improve resilience in the most remote district and support
investments in urban planning.
The program aims to improve resilience of 700,000 poor and vulnerable people to natural
disasters and improve resilience of businesses in 5 growing urban centers. It will facilitate
connection of over 25,000 households to new micro-hydro power installations and connect
over 70,000 homes to solar power.
https://devtracker.fcdo.gov.uk/projects/GB-1-204984/summary

US
Subnational Climate Action Leaders’ Exchange (SCALE)
Cross-region/Global
At COP 27, the United States launched the Subnational Climate Action Leaders’ Exchange(SCALE), a new initiative to support cities, states, and regions around the world in thedevelopment and implementation of net-zero, climate-resilient targets and roadmaps. It
will connect local leaders with tools and resources to take ambitious climate action across
key sectors, starting with an initial focus on methane reduction.
https://www.state.gov/u-s-state-department-and-bloomberg-philanthropies-announcesupport-for-the-subnational-climate-action-leaders-exchange/
Mexico Partnership for Net Zero Cities
MexicoUSAID's Partnership for Net Zero Cities is leveraging existing frameworks and engaging
stakeholders across five of Mexico's most populous cities and states, including Hermosillo,Monterrey, Guadalajara, Mexico City, and Mérida. The partnership is helping these cities
and states reduce and avoid greenhouse gas emissions as they grow by: (1) adoptingenergy efficiency measures for net-zero buildings by 2050; (2) accelerating transitions tozero emission urban transportation systems; (3) reducing short-lived climate pollutants
used in the industrial and waste sectors; and (4) mobilizing green financing for energy
projects and improving municipal governance. In doing so, the partnership is creating jobs
and accelerating Mexico's transition to a more robust and greener economy that canprosper for years to come. USD550 million in public and private financing leveraged.
https://www.rti.org/impact/supporting-mexicos-net-zero-emissions-goals-throughclimate-smart-actions

37

EU
Cities and Climate in Africa (CICLIA)
AfricaCities and Climate in Africa (CICLIA) Project in Sub-Saharan Africa is a facility to support
cities in transforming local climate strategies into action plans, budgets, and urban
investment projects with climate co-benefits on both mitigation and adaptation aspects.
Seven investment projects following CICLIA benefit from a EU grant contribution of EUR 64
million on total donor investment at EUR 539 million.
https://www.afd.fr/en/ciclia
Good Practice
Creation of a Technical Landfill Center (CET) and a transfer center for waste fromGreater Conakry, Guinea. The Project aims to improve the quality of life, theenvironment, and the health of the inhabitants and to reduce GHG emissions. It
will make it possible to increase the capacity, performance, quality and efficiencyof the downstream sector, and to strengthen the governance of the sector.
mitigation and adaptation co-benefits.

2. Initiative
CANADA
Can$5.3 billion climate finance commitment
Cross-region/global
Canada has announced a number of initiatives that support multilevel actions by a variety
of stakeholders. Canada doubled its international climate finance commitment to Can$ 5.3
billion over five years (2021-2026) to support developing countries’ transition to lowcarbon, climate-resilient, nature-positive, and inclusive sustainable development. Canada
recognizes that urgent action is needed to address the interconnected crises of climatechange and biodiversity loss, which disproportionally affect the poorest and mostvulnerable around the world.
Indigenous Climate Leadership Agenda
GlobalCanada is working with Indigenous communities to program locally driven climate priorities
and perspectives in developing countries. The Government of Canada engaged with
National Indigenous Organizations when formulating the current Can$5.3 billion

38international climate finance commitment. Based on the feedback from theseorganizations, Can$315 million has been allocated to the Partnering for Climate initiative,
which aims to leverage the climate action expertise and commitment of organizations in
Canada. Out of the Can$315 million, Can $15 million have been earmarked over 5 years tofund projects that support climate action priorities of Indigenous Peoples.
The $15M Indigenous Peoples Partnering for Climate initiative was developed jointly byrepresentatives from the Assembly of First Nations, Inuit Circumpolar Council Canada,
Métis National Council, and Global Affairs Canada. Funding will begin to flow toorganizations in 2024. The initiative aims to improve the climate resilience of Indigenous
Peoples in ODA-eligible countries through nature-based solutions for climate change
adaption. It will fund climate action projects designed and implemented by Indigenous
Peoples in Canada in partnership with Indigenous Peoples in developing countries.
This initiative was developed through a working group with climate change experts fromthe Assembly of First Nations, Inuit Circumpolar Council Canada (for Inuit Tapiriit Kanatami)
and Métis National Council. These experts have been actively involved, including assessing
concept notes. For this initiative, all applicants must integrate and respond to three guiding
principles throughout their projects: Indigenous self-determination, Indigenous
perspectives on climate adaptation, and Indigenous climate leadership. For example,
organizations must demonstrate how they recognize and support the locally driven climate
priorities and perspectives of Indigenous Peoples in developing countries. Where possible,
applicants should indicate how the proposed project links to First Nation, Inuit and/or the
Métis Nation climate priorities.The Government of Canada continues to learn from thispartnership and is working to improve programming with Indigenous partners in the
climate change and beyond.
https://www.canada.ca/en/services/environment/weather/climatechange/canadainternational-action/climate-finance.html
Empowerment of Women for Climate Action
HondurasThis project aims to improve the quality of life of rural and indigenous women and youth
whose livelihoods depend on forest resources in 12 municipalities of Western Honduras.
The project is supporting local governments' capacity building and provides technicalassistance in the establishment of municipal economic development strategies related toclimate change and natural resource management. As of December 2021, the project had
supported development of updated Municipal Development Plans and Municipal
Investment Plans of eight participating municipalities. These updated plans address genderequality, natural resources management, climate change and economic empowerment of
women and youth. In addition, 57 Forest and Farm Producer Organizations have developed

39

business plans; 779 (499 women) representatives trained in Market Analysis andDevelopment to prepare business plans for their economic and productive initiatives 24
forest nurseries were established to restore and reforest 111 hectares of degraded land
areas; and 414 MT of CO2e avoided using climate-smart technologies and agricultural bestpractices, and 27,457 MT of CO2e expected to be absorbed by reforestation activities.The
project targeted 12 municipalities of Western Honduras. (Budget of 1,582,000 and 975,000
in 2021 and 2022 respectively)
Land4Lives
Indonesia
This project has been enhancing the capacities of provincial governments of South
Sumatra, South Sulawesi and East Nusa Tenggara in Indonesia to plan and implement
sustainable land-use policies (Provincial Spatial Plans) and Strategic Environmental
Assessments (SEA) for the provinces’ Long-Term Development Plans. The support of theLand4Lives facilitated the adoption of gender-sensitive approaches throughout theplanning processes of both the spatial plan and the SEA by ensuring participatory andinclusive focus group discussions. These project activities helped the government in
identifying the specific concerns of women, such as access to resources and services. The
project also collaborates with the Women Empowerment Agency and the Development
Planning Agency across the three provinces to co-develop policy briefs on financing climatechange mitigation and adaptation programs with pro-poor and gender responsive
indicators. The project targets 12 municipalities of western Honduras. (Budget of 1,582,000
and 975,000 in 2021 and 2022, respectively).

GERMANY
Leadership for Urban Climate Investment (LUCI)
Cross-region/Global
The Leadership for Urban Climate Investment (LUCI) is a multi-partner framework initiativethat aims to connect existing initiatives along the whole value chain of urban infrastructuredevelopment to upscale impact through collaboration and addressing key structural
constraints. To catalyze action, LUCI links about 20 initiatives 2.
https://citiesclimatefinance.org/about/luci/
LUCI’S targets aim to raise ambition and fill gaps in the value chain of subnational urban
2 Current LUCI initiatives:, CDP Matchmaker, FELICITY II, Subnational Climate Fund (SCF), Cities Finance Facility (CFF), City Climate
Finance Gap Fund (Gap Fund), Urban Municipal Development Fund (AFDB UMDF)`, Urban ACT, GEF Urban Shift, Cities Development
Initiative Asia (CDIA), International Municipal Investment Fund (IMIF), CICLIA, ICLEI Transformative Action Program (TAP),
Cities4Forests, Global Infrastructure Facility (GIF), EBRD Green Cities Program, Resilient City Investment Funds,CPI Global Innovation
Lab for Climate Finance, MDB Alliance for Subnational Development Banks, SIF SOURCE Platform, WB City Resilience Program40

climate finance by 2025.
TARGET 1: 2,000 cities to strengthened capacities in project preparation. (Progress: 884)
TARGET 2: 1,000 climate smart urban projects are bankable (Progress: 190)
TARGET 3: 1,000 climate smart urban projects are linked to finance (Progress: 277)
TARGET 4: 100 climate smart urban projects successfully utilized new financing
mechanisms (Progress: 29)

Good Practice
The City Climate Finance Gap Fund: Early-Stage Project Support Podgorica,
Montenegro
The City Climate Finance Gap Fund, one central initiative of LUCI, is the firstglobal fund dedicated to supporting cities in the very early stages of project
development, aiming to unlock 4 billion EUR of investment off a target 100
million EUR budget (core donors: Germany and Luxemburg). In Podgorica, The
Gap Fund is supporting the city in mapping relevant public buildings to help
identify which ones could be suitable for green roofs combined with facades toimprove energy efficiency in buildings and increase the permeability of surfacesin public spaces. Cities can apply directly for early-stage project support or learn
more through networks like GCoM, C40, and ICLEI.
https://www.citygapfund.org/

Cities Climate Finance Leadership Alliance (CCFLA)
Cross-regional/Global
The Cities Climate Finance Leadership Alliance (CCFLA) is a multi-level and multistakeholder coalition aimed at closing the investment gap for urban subnational climate
projects and infrastructure.
CCFLA provides a platform to convene and exchange knowledge as well as enhancecoordination among all relevant actors dedicated to urban development, climate action,
and/or financing.
The CCFLA has over 80 members including city networks, financial institutions, policy andresearch organizations, think tanks, etc. In 2022, CCFLA produced 15 knowledge products:
5 reports, 3 policy briefs, 4 tools, and 3 blog posts. Secretariat staff spoke at more than 30
external city climate sessions in 2022 and convened stakeholders at 4 major international
climate finance gatherings, and the CCFLA Annual Assembly. The 2022 Highlights andImpact Report outlines the progress and key milestones achieved in 2022, and highlights
members’ knowledge products and case studies.
https://www.international-climate-initiative.com/en/project/support-to-the-cities-climate-

41

finance-leadership-alliance-22-i-482-global-a-ccfla/
https://citiesclimatefinance.org/
https://citiesclimatefinance.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/CCFLA-2022-Highlights-andImpact.pdf
Good PracticeGood PracticeThe 2021 State of Cities Climate Finance Report examines the current state ofurban climate investment, the barriers to reaching the needed investment levels,and the steps to overcoming these challenges. Produced by the Cities Climate
Finance Leadership Alliance (CCFLA), the report contributes to CCFLA’s mission
to mobilize city level climate finance at scale by 2030. The report also contributes
to the Leadership for Urban Climate Investment framework initiative hosted by
CCFLA, which aims to create a strong global architecture for subnational climate
finance and tracking.
https://citiesclimatefinance.org/publications/2021-state-of-cities-climatefinance/US
Bureau of Energy Resources' (ENR) Smart Cities Program
Bangkok, Thailand and Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
In support of the US-ASEAN Smart Cities Partnership (USASCP), ENR is working with
Bangkok and Kuala Lumpur on smart grid modeling and digitalization tools to help
policymakers develop a roadmap to improve renewable energy integration and more
efficiently manage the energy transition to lower carbon technologies and to achieve netzero goals.
For instance, "The USASCP’s Smart Cities Business Innovation Fund (BIF) finances net zeroand low carbon solutions to urban challenges on the sub-national level. Capitalized at US$1
million, BIF funded six urban solutions providing up to USD300,000 per solution. In its
inaugural call for proposals, the BIF received 72 proposals totaling USD14 million indemand, demonstrating a clear need for sub-national financing.
https://www.state.gov/u-s-asean-smart-cities-partnership-usascp-sharing-expertisebetween-cities-to-benefit-the-people-of-asean/https://www.usascp.org/about/partners/
ENR's Flexible Resources Initiative (FRI)India
The Bureau of Energy Resources (ENR), together with the U.S. Department of Energy,42Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, collaborates with a range stakeholder ofGovernment of India to conduct a comprehensive modeling exercise to assess a least-cost
pathway for India's power sector through 2030 at the national level and in four key states.
As a follow-on to FRI, to help India meet its ambitious renewable energy target of 500 GW
by 2030, the support will include an assessment of key operational and grid reliability risks,regulatory and policy strategy recommendations, and alignment of state-level power
sector investment planning with national renewable energy targets to help India rapidly
accelerate renewable energy capacity targets.
https://2017-2021.state.gov/united-states-and-india-launch-flexible-resources-initiativegrowth-through-clean-energy/
Accelerating India's Renewable Energy Target (ENR) cross-cutting
Indonesia and Sri Lanka
Just Energy Workforce Transition project will help develop a jobs collection methodology
for the national and subnational governments of Indonesia and Sri Lanka to inform policy
decisions on the transition from coal to clean energy.
ENR's Just Energy Workforce Transition ProjectIndonesia and Sri Lanka
Under the Climate Information Services Initiative, the US plan to coordinate our collective
resources to support early warning systems in the Indo-Pacific, including through the
Pacific-led Weather Ready Pacific initiative and the longstanding leadership of the PacificMeteorological Council. The Just Energy Workforce Transition project will help develop ajobs collection methodology for the national and subnational governments of Indonesia`ting with the PICs
The US supports early warning systems in the Indo-Pacific, including through the Pacific-led
Weather Ready Pacific initiative and the long-standing leadership of the PacificMeteorological Council. USAID is the US lead for this effort, which is coordinated by IA. It
will lead to significant subnational efforts.
https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefing-room/statements-releases/2023/05/20/quadleaders-joint-statement/
US-India Clean Energy Finance Task Force
India
Under the U.S.-India Clean Energy Finance Task Force, the Bureau of Energy Resources(ENR) worked with Smart Power and the Council on Energy, Environment and Water toimplement a utility-led, community-based demand aggregation pilots based on a U.S.
business model for solarized campaigns tailored to India's context. The Task Force team43

develop a Solarize Campaign Guidebook based on the report of the Delhi-based Solarize
Campaign.
https://www.ceew.in/publications/solarise-delhi-creating-demand-for-residential-rooftopsolar-india;
https://www.ceew.in/publications/guide-to-organise-solarise-campaigns-for-rooftop-solarindian-homes
Program for Local and Urban Sustainability (PLUS)
Cross-regional/Global
The Program for Local and Urban Sustainability (PLUS) is working with USAID partnercountries to develop more sustainable, equitable, healthy, and prosperous cities byadvancing five objectives: 1) Advance net-zero systems; 2) increase urban resilience; 3)
reduce pollution and waste; 4) improve local governance and equitable access to services;and 5) Mainstream inclusive green jobs. PLUS currently supports cities in Indonesia, Peru, El
Salvador, Colombia, Trinidad and Tobago, Uzbekistan, and India.
https://urban-links.org/project/plus/
Asia Resilient Cities (ARC)
India, Bangladesh, Kyrgyzstan
The newly launched and co-designed Asia Resilient Cities (ARC) will address cross-cutting
urban development challenges in secondary cities in Asia by promoting sustainable urban
growth, supporting resilient, low-carbon urban infrastructure; and integrating climatechange and environmentally-conscious approaches.
https://www.jsi.com/resource/asia-resilient-cities/

3. Finance
FRANCEAFD Support to resilient urban development
Mianyang (China)
The French Development Agency (AFD) encourages resilient urban development (disasterrisk reduction, biodiversity conservation, and nature based solutions (e.g. sponge city
projects in Mianyang, China)
https://www.afd.fr/en/carte-des-projets/sponge-city-rethinking-water-resourcemanagement-hedong-district-mianyang

44

AFD Project on solid waste management
Conakry (Guinea)
AFD is promoting projects to reduce GHG emissions (e.g. structuring Solid Waste
Management value chain in Conakry, Guinea)

GERMANY and LUXEMBOURG
City Climate Finance Gap Fund
Cross-region/Global(early stage project preparation)
The City Climate Finance Gap Fund provides direct support at an early stage of project
preparation to cities in low- and middle-income countries that have already madecommitments in line with the Paris Agreement. The City Climate Finance Gap Fund, or the
Gap Fund, provides early-stage technical assistance to cities for low-carbon, climateresilient urban development plans and projects. The fund has €105 million in capital, which
could unlock a potential €4 billion in investments.
As of September 2023, the Gap Fund has approved technical assistance (TA) to 189 cities
worldwide to transform their climate ambitions into finance-ready projects. The supported
cities are located in Africa, Eastern and South-Eastern Europe, Asia and the Pacific, andLatin America.
https://www.international-climate-initiative.com/en/project/city-climate-finance-gapfund-i-world-bank-19-i-411-global-m-gap-fund-i/
https://www.international-climate-initiative.com/en/project/city-climate-finance-gapfund-ii-eib-20-i-419-global-m-gap-fund-ii/
https://www.citygapfund.org/
eGood Practice
A number of TA assignments are nearing or have been completed, including An
analysis of technological options for biogas that could be produced by a smallscale anaerobic digester at the Port Vila Central Market, Vanuatu, together with acost-benefit analysis to identify the most efficient solution. In Uganda, the Gap
Fund is supporting, among other things, a comprehensive assessment of theavailable feedstock for organic waste recovery facilities. In Prishtina, Kosovo, an
Urban Performance Tool evaluated the city’s current sustainability and developed
three urban growth scenarios for 2040 to compare the possible trajectories thatthe city could take in the next two decades.

45https://www.citygapfund.org/story/city-climate-finance-gap-fund-aims-expandtechnical-assistance-new-cities

GERMANY
Low-carbon Investment - Cities Advisory Facility - FELICITY II
Mitigation, Ukraine, Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan, Armenia and Moldova(enabling environment, project preparation and linking to finance)
FELICITY (Financing Energy for Low carbon Investment - Cities Advisory Facility) is a project
preparation facility implemented by the Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale
Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) GmbH and financed by the German International Climate Initiative(IKI) of the Federal Ministry for Economic Affairs and Climate Action (BMWK), between
2017 and 2026. FELICITY works in close cooperation with the European Investment Bank
(EIB) to support urban investment projects that significantly contribute to sustainable
development and climate change mitigation. FELICITY offers technical assistance to cities indesigning and structuring their infrastructure investment projects. Since 2017, FELICITY's
support to cities has developed the potential to leverage EUR541 million. This is achieved
through low-carbon project pipelining and preparation, capacity development for cities andnational intermediaries such as national development banks (NDBs), policy
recommendations on specific national framework conditions, and the development ofknowledge networks for climate finance projects.
To reduce barriers to the preparation of finance-ready projects, the FELICITY programsupports the preparation and implementation of low-carbon infrastructure projects in the
Eastern Partnership countries (Ukraine, Georgia, Armenia, Moldova) and Central Asia
(Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan). It focuses on two sectors in the partner countries: energy
efficiency in buildings and water and wastewater. The program is leading to transformativechanges in the implementation of climate plans (NDCs) at the sub-national level, whereselected countries face similar challenges in terms of financing and technical capacity to
implement climate change mitigation projects. The selected countries benefit from an
integrated approach that combines the financing expertise of the European Investment
Bank with GIZ's technical assistance and capacity development. Total budget for thecurrent project phase, FELICITY II, from 2022 to 2026 is EUR 20,000,000.
https://www.international-climate-initiative.com/projekt/felicity-ii-oestlichepartnerschaft-und-zentralasien-programm-21-i-387-global-g-felicity-ii-east/
FELICITY: Sustainable solutions for cities (eib.org)

National Development Banks for Urban Climate Action Program (NUCA)
Cross-region/Global (Brazil, Indonesia, Colombia, Mozambique, South Africa)

46

National Development Banks for Urban Climate Action Program (NUCA) aims to strengthen
NDBs' urban financing capacities and products. National development banks (NDBs) are
well positioned to support cities' climate-smart projects - they often have long-standing
relationships with the local public and private sectors, can provide local currency funding at
attractive financial rates, and usually also offer support in the form of guarantees or grants
for technical assistance. However, urban climate finance flows from NDBs remain limited barriers such as a lack of climate-related expertise on the part of both cities and financial
institutions, and insufficient knowledge and skills on derisking mechanisms to leverage
private finance, prevent scaling up. The NUCA program will support NDBs to institutionalize
urban climate finance, support NDBs and cities to jointly create a pipeline of lighthouseprojects financed through a combination of public and private instruments and foster
global knowledge exchange.
The 2023 budget is EUR 38,316.
Reporting to SI 1 - Mitigation GHG emissions reduced or carbon stocks enhanced directly or
indirectly by IKI project measures; SI 3 - Adaptation Number of people supported by IKI
projects to better adapt to the effects of climate change; SI 4 –- Capacity People Number ofpeople directly supported by IKI projects through networking and training to address
climate change or conserve biodiversity; SI 5 - Leveraged Finance Volume of private and/or
public finance leveraged for climate action or biodiversity purposes; target values still to be
determined (project expected to start in Jan 2024).
https://www.international-climate-initiative.com/en/project/enhancing-the-strategic-roleof-national-development-banks-as-drivers-of-low-carbon-climate-resilient-urbaninfrastructure-investments-in-developing-and-emerging-economies-nuca-22-i-493-globala-ndbs-for-urban-climate-action/
https://www.idfc.org/news/idfc-climate-facility-iki-nucap-closing-of-the-countryconsultations-and-upcoming-meeting-in-berlin/
Transformative Urban Mobility Initiative (TUMI)
Cross-regional/Global
TUMI (Transformative Urban Mobility Initiative) is the leading global implementation
initiative on sustainable mobility formed through the union of 11 prestigious partners. We
are united in one goal: changing mobility for the benefit of people and the environment,with a view to the future. With TUMI, the German Federal Ministry for Economic
Cooperation and Development (BMZ) is supporting climate-friendly, inclusive, safe andaffordable mobility in cities. TUMI is funded by BMZ and implemented by GIZ in
collaboration with all TUMI partners.
x

TUMI E-Bus Mission Cities: Delhi, Ahmedabad, Mumbai, Bangalore, Pune (India);
Salvador, Rio de Janeiro, Sao Paulo, Campinas, Curitiba (Brazil); Barranquilla, Valledupar,47

Bogotá (Colombia); Monterrey, Guadalajara, Mexico City (Mexico); Jakarta (Indonesia);
Nairobi (Kenia); Durban (South Africa)x

TUMI Adaptation Lab: Ho Chi Minh City (Vietnam)x

TUMI Data Pilot Cities: Bogotá (Colombia); Sao Paulo, Fortaleza (Brazil); Cuenca(Colombia); Mexico City (Mexico); Kigali (Ruanda)xMove Yaoundé (EU co-financed): Yaoundé (Cameroon)transformative-mobility.org

GERMANY, FRANCE, the UK and the US
C40 Cities Finance Facility
Cross-region/Global
The C40 Cities Finance Facility (CFF), implemented by GIZ and C40 Cities, is jointly fundedby USAID and the governments of Germany, France, and the UK. It supports partner cities
to develop finance-ready climate change mitigation and adaptation projects and link themto finance, while also strengthening the institutional capacity of city administrations toenable future scale-up and replication.
The CFF is a PGII Flagship Initiative of the G7 Partnership for Global Infrastructure andInvestment. The CFF is also a UNFCCC award-winning Project Preparation Facility that
focuses on three components: preparing climate relevant infrastructure projects forfinancial readiness; linking projects to finance; and replicating and up-scaling projects,
proven approaches and instruments. The CFF focuses on the sectors of mobility, renewableenergy, waste management, and nature-based solutions, providing benefits such as
employment opportunities, improved public health, and social equity. The administrationsof CFF’s partner cities are in the lead at all stages of the project development and are
responsible for all decisions. The CFF support empowers city administrations to prepare
finance ready infrastructure projects and to access the most suitable financing solutions,
including through the preparation of necessary technical, legal and commercial studies;city-led learning and training events; on-the-job training; peer-to-peer exchanges; theestablishment of interdepartmental decision-making structures; and mainstreaming equity
and inclusion in all stages of the project development.
The CFF is expected to reduce over 7.5 million metric tons of greenhouse gas emissions in
30 cities across Asia, Africa, and Latin America, increase the resilience of 2 million people
to climate change, and leverage US$1 billion in climate finance investments by 2025. It has
further leveraged US$330 million in public and private finance by March 2023, with anadditional US$340 million identified to date (March 2023).

48

https://www.c40cff.org/

Good Practice
The C40 City Finance Facility (CFF) supports cities through technical assistance todevelop cities’ sustainability priorities into bankable investment proposals andlinking them to finance, in collaboration with C40 Cities and GIZ. In Jakarta, the
CFF is supporting the city to implement an operational trial fleet of 100 e-buses in
the network of TransJakarta, which will contribute to Jakarta’s target ofpromoting public transport mode share to 60% as well as to 100% electrify
TransJakarta’s fleet in 2030."
https://www.c40cff.org/projects/jakarta-electric-bus

GERMANY, SPAIN and EU
Covenant of Mayors in Sub-Saharan Africa (CoM SSA)
AfricaSince 2015, the Covenant of Mayors in Sub-Saharan Africa (CoM SSA) has been a major
catalyst for local climate action in the region, with political commitment from over 350
local governments. CoM SSA aims to support local governments in moving from climate
planning to implementation, with a focus on unlocking climate finance at the local level.
Funded by the EU, Germany and Spain, and implemented jointly by GIZ, AFD, EF and AECID,
CoM SSA is a European Union (EU) action that supports the external dimension of theEuropean Green Deal, as the global challenges of climate change and environmental
degradation require a global response. At the same time, CoM SSA moves to strengthen
the Africa-EU partnership and supports Agenda 2063 of the African Union Commission.
https://comssa.org/en/

JAPAN
Clean Cities Partnership Program (C2P2)
Cross-regional/Global
Under Japan's G7 presidency in 2023, Ministry of the Environment, Japan and Japan
International Cooperation Agency (JICA) launched a new program, the Clean Cities
Partnership Program (C2P2) which aims to mobilize multi-stakeholder engagement intarget cities and provide comprehensive and synergistic support to the urban agenda,
including climate change, environmental pollution and circular economy.

49

UK
NDC Partnership
Cross-regional/Global
The United Kingdom, alongside Rwanda, co-chairs the Nationally Determined Contribution(NDC) Partnership.
The NDC Partnership brings together 120 countries and 80 institutions. Formed after thesigning of the Paris Agreement, the Partnership provides a platform to coordinate andcatalyze support and finance for developing countries' climate priorities (as set out incountries' Nationally Determined Contributions - NDCs). Germany supports the NDC
Partnership both financially and politically..
Developing country members request support for capacity building, technical assistanceand project development/financing for climate action through the Partnership, which arethen responded to by donor and implementing members. Through this the Partnershipsupports countries to effectively implement their NDC commitments and access finance,
leading to ambitious climate action and enhancing sustainable development.
The NDC Partnership has over 200 members, including 120 country members. A full list ofmembers can be found here: https://ndcpartnership.org/members
Good PracticeGood Practice
The Partnership is a proven platform for reducing bureaucracy and increasing the
speed of climate finance for technical assistance. An independent evaluation
concluded the Partnership is “a neutral and open platform for member countries
to access support for NDC enhancement and implementation and to shareexperiences and lessons.” Moreover, the evaluation report noted, “ThePartnership’s operational model and approach is effective and efficient. Support
for coordination, complementarity, and coherence for climate action, at global andnational levels, is a key value added of the Partnership.”https://ndcpartnership.org/toolbox/good-practice-database

Urban Climate Action Program (UCAP)
Cross-regional/Global (Africa, Latin America and South East Asia)
The Urban Climate Action Program (UCAP) is a £27.5 million fund that works with cities indeveloping countries to implement low-carbon urban infrastructure projects, plans andpolicies. UCAP supports megacities to mobilize technical and political leadership for net

50

zero. The program operates by embedding city advisors in partner city administrations todrive political ambition and technical capability for climate action. This includes Climate
Action Implementation delivering high-impact infrastructure projects and mainstreaming
climate action throughout city planning and decision making, and Cities Finance Facility, amulti-donor project preparation facility supporting cities to develop finance-ready lowcarbon infrastructure projects.
The Climate Action Implementation component of the program supports 15 megacities in
implementing their net zero climate action plans.
The program is part of the UK's International Climate Finance Strategy:
https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/uk-international-climate-finance-strategy
Green Cities and Infrastructure Program (GCIP)
Drawing on expertise from across the UK government and the private sector, the £48
million Green Cities and Infrastructure Program (GCIP) will deliver low-carbon, climateresilient infrastructure, and support cities in lower income countries to become hubs ofinnovation while bolstering sustainable economic growth.
https://www.gov.uk/government/news/48m-boost-to-improve-infrastructure-in-lowerincome-countries
Sustainable Urban Economic Development (SUED)
Cross-cutting, Kenya
The Sustainable Urban Economic Development (SUED) is a £60 million, five-year program(2018-2024) that aims to create climate-resilient, inclusive urban economic growth in
Kenya's fast-growing municipalities. This will be achieved through supporting municipalities
to develop sustainable urban economic plans, providing capacity building for themunicipality and county, improving investment in climate reforms, drawing in investment
for critical climate-resilient infrastructure and value chain projects, and providing up to £30
million in seed funding.
The program is working with 10 municipalities in Kenya.
https://devtracker.fcdo.gov.uk/projects/GB-COH-3799145-781-15006KE/summary

US
Bureau of Energy Resources’ (ENR) Smart Cities Program (repeating)
Climate Resilient Cities
Philippines
The Climate Resilient Cities project (US$15 million) will help cities in the Philippines adapt
to, mitigate, and withstand the impacts of climate change by increasing their access to51

climate finance and resilience-building tools.
Through this project, USAID will support local government units and other stakeholders tobetter understand, use, and disseminate climate information to local communities. The
project will also help cities and non-governmental organizations access climate finance tobuild community resilience and contribute to the economic and social development ofcommunities, as well as support natural climate solutions that increase the resilience of
cities to the impacts of climate change.
https://www.usaid.gov/philippines/press-release/usaid-launches-php750-million-projectsupport-climate-resilience-philippines

EU
Mission Innovation: Urban Transitions
Cross-regional/Global
Mission Innovation is a global initiative to catalyze action and investment in research,development, and demonstration to make clean energy affordable, attractive, andaccessible to all in this decade. This will accelerate progress towards the Paris Agreement
goals and pathways to net zero. The Urban Transitions Mission will work with a cohort of
50 ambitious cities around the world to demonstrate integrated pathways towards holistic,
people-centered urban transitions built around clean energy and innovative net zerocarbon solutions. By 2030, these pathways will be validated by an additional cohort of 250
cities, inspiring cities in all regions of the world on their journey to decarbonization. The
Mission has launched an open call for cities to join the Urban Transitions Mission Cities
Cohort. A first cohort of 50 cities will engage at the end of the selection process in late2022, while a second cohort of 250 cities will be selected and engaged in a subsequent callin 2024.
https://explore.mission-innovation.net/mission/urban-transitions/
Good Practices
Good Practice
MI Call 22
60 million EUR funding for transnational research and innovation projects
addressing urban challenges to help cities in their transition towards climate
neutrality and sustainability. The call covers challenges along three Transition
Pathways: Positive Energy Districts (PED), the 15-Minute City (15mC) and Circular
Urban Economies (CUE).

Cities and Climate in Africa (CICLIA) (repeating)52

4. Capacity Building
GERMANY
Transformative Urban Coalitions (TUC)
Latin America (Mexico: Léon, Naucalpan - Brazil: Recife, Teresina - Argentina: Buenos Aires)
Bottom-up urban labs and stakeholder engagement, transformative research and new
governance schemes - Transformative Urban Coalitions (TUC) aims to contribute to thezero carbon emissions by 2050 target by supporting cities in transforming their social,technological, and political structures towards more sustainable systems in order to realize
their urban zero carbon goal. This project facilitates the establishment of Transformative
Urban Coalitions in five Latin American cities to develop new strategies to address local
challenges of urban development and inequality while reducing carbon emissions.
SI 1 – Mitigation: GHG emissions reduced or carbon stocks enhanced directly or indirectly
by IKI project measures: Indirect effects / 440,313 tonnes CO2e (Target) - SI 4 – Capacity
people: Number of people directly supported by IKI projects through networking andtraining to address climate change or to conserve biodiversity: number of People: 115,000(Target)https://urbancoalitions.org/ensGood PracticeVilla 20 is a neighbourhood within Buenos Aires undergoing a participatory
reurbanization process. The Buenos Aires Urban Lab works to complement thisongoing process with new ideas, connecting decarbonization with urban
inequalities and climate justice.
https://urbancoalitions.org/en/urban-labs/buenos-aires

Urban-Act (repeating)
FELICITY II (repeating)
C40 Cities Finance Facility (repeating)
CoM SSA (repeating)
City Climate Finance Gap Fund (repeating)UK
Sustainable Urban Economic Development (SUED) (repeating)53

US
Clean Air Catalyst
Cross-regional/Global (Indore, India; Jakarta, Indonesia; Nairobi, Kenya)
The Clean Air Catalyst is working in Nairobi, Kenya; Indore, India; and Jakarta, Indonesia tobuild a common understanding of leading air pollution sources, identify solutions that
address the root causes of pollution, and build a coalition to implement selected highimpact actions in the three cities. CAC will advance solutions that deliver climate, healthand development co-benefits by prioritizing pollutants and pollution sources that
disproportionately impact vulnerable populations and women, as well as focusing on
solutions for pollutants and/or emitting activities that affect climate. Installation ofreference-grade air monitoring equipment for PM 2.5 and black carbon in pilot cities,
significantly expanding city air quality monitoring capacity; intensive communication
campaign (e.g. 80 journalists trained) and stakeholder engagement (over 1,700 people
trained on tools, approaches and/or methods to improve air quality and identify air
pollution-climate linkages).
https://urban-links.org/project/clean-air-catalyst/
https://www.cleanaircatalyst.org/

5. Networking
CANADA
Global Carbon Pricing Challenge (GCPC)
Cross-regional/Global
The Global Carbon Pricing Challenge (GCPC) aims to triple the coverage of carbon pricing
around the world to reach 60% of global greenhouse gas emissions by 2030. The GCPC is apartnership of carbon pricing champions committed to supporting the expansion of carbon
pricing by strengthening domestic systems and supporting jurisdictions in developing new
pricing systems. Current GCPC partners include Canada, Chile, Germany, Republic of Korea,
New Zealand, Norway, and the United Kingdom. Through a Technical Working Group, thepartners share carbon pricing experiences and technical advice with jurisdictions
considering carbon pricing or interested in learning more.

Japan
City-to-city Collaboration Program for Zero-carbon Society (repeating)54

SMART JAMP
Asia
Smart JAMP means that Smart City supported by Japan ASEAN Mutual Partnership.
Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transportation and Tourism (MILT) supported thefollowings.
(a) Conducting Feasibility Studies contributing to the overseas development of smart cities.
(b) Preparing investments and loans for overseas smart city projects.
(c) Ensuring support structures consisting of Embassies, JICA, JETRO and JBIC offices invarious countries.
(d) Japan Association for Smart Cities in ASEAN (JASCA) website shares information on
Smart JAMP projects, good practices and technologies of Japanese companies, as well as toenable business matching.
https://www.jasca2021.jp/
Good Practice
MLIT supported a project by Japanese companies to promote the use of public
transportation in Brunei, including a proposal for a bus operation management
system and a demonstration experiment, through the Smart JAMP.

US
Cities Forward
Latin America and the Caribbean*
The Cities Forward program, a collaborative partnership of the U.S. Department of State,
ICLEI-Local Governments for Sustainability, Resilient Cities Catalyst, and the Institute of theAmericas, provides peer-to-peer exchange, capacity building, and diplomatic engagement,
all focused on implementing projects that solve critical urban challenges aroundsustainability, inclusivity, and resiliency.
This transformative program will help cities in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC)
create sustainable, inclusive, and resilient futures with knowledge sharing with U.S. cities.
https://icleiusa.org/cities-forward/<participating cities>x

Recipients include 12 LAC cities paired with 12 US cities shown below.

xMontego Bay, Jamaica + Hoboken, New Jersey, United Statesx

Guatemala City, Guatemala + Dallas, Texas, United Statesx

Cartagena, Colombia + Denver, Colorado, United StatesxCali, Colombia + Baltimore, Maryland, United States55

x

Fortaleza, Brazil + Hawaii County, Hawaii, United Statesx

Rosario, Argentina + Chattanooga, Tennessee, United StatesxFreeport, The Bahamas + Coral Springs, Florida, United Statesx

Manaus, Brazil + Stockton, California, United Statesx

Mérida, Mexico + Austin, Texas, United Statesx

Ambato, Ecuador + Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United StatesxRenca, Chile + Evanston, Illinois, United Statesx

Hermosillo, Mexico + Dubuque, Iowa, United States

EU
Global Covenant of Mayors (GCoM)
Cross-region/Global
The Global Covenant of Mayors (GCoM) is the largest global alliance of city climate
leadership, uniting more than 12,500 cities and local governments and more than 100
supporting partners on five continents. GCoM serves cities and local governments bymobilizing and supporting ambitious, measurable and planned climate and energy action in
their communities, working with city/regional networks, national governments and otherpartners to achieve a net zero vision. Launched the City Climate Finance Gap Fund with thegovernments of Germany and Luxembourg (see above). GCoM has 12,500 signatories in
144 countries representing over 1 billion people. Based on current targets and actions,
GCoM cities could collectively reduce global emissions by 2.3 GtCO2e per year in 2030 and
4.1 GtCO2e in 2050 compared to a business as usual (BAU) trajectory.
https://www.globalcovenantofmayors.org/
International Urban Regional Cooperation Program (IURC)
Cross-region/Global
City-to-city collaboration between EU cities and cities worldwide. IURC leads and develops
a form of decentralized international urban and regional cooperation whose main axes ofactivity are two-fold: sustainable urban development and innovation in key partnercountries and regions.
https://www.iurc.eu/

56

6. Partnership among G7 Members
CANADA and UK
Powering Past Coal Alliance (PPCA)
Cross-regional/Global
Canada and the United Kingdom co-chair the Powering Past Coal Alliance (PPCA), which isthe driving force behind the global effort to phase out unabated coal power. France,
Germany and Italy are also members. Coal remains the single biggest contributor tohuman-created climate change. Keeping 1.5 degrees Celsius requires an immediate end tothe building of new unabated coal power plants, rapid scaling up of clean power, and theretirement of existing coal fleets in advanced economies by 2030 and globally by 2040.
The PPCA helps amplify the efforts of subnational members to phase out unabated coal
power generation, including by highlighting their work through reports and events, as well
as sharing knowledge to support the transition from coal to clean power systems.
To date, the PPCA includes more than 165 members, including national and subnational
governments, businesses, and financial institutions. The PPCA has 49 subnational members
across 13 countries. We are also looking towards more local governments from around theworld to join the PPCA.
https://poweringpastcoal.org/
Good Practice
In Alberta, Canada, where coal used to provide over 80% of electricity, coal power
will be phased out by the end of 2023 – seven years ahead of target and almost 40
years sooner than predicted. Chungnam, South Korea's coal heartland, was thefirst East Asian local government to include coal phase-out policies in its 2050
Carbon Neutrality Strategy. Units 1 and 2 of the Boryeong coal power plant, forexample, were shut down in 2020, two years ahead of the national government’sschedule.
https://poweringpastcoal.org/news/powering-past-coal-2022/

JAPAN and US
Global Subnational Zero Carbon Promotion Initiative
Based on the US-Japan Climate Partnership agreed between the leaders of Japan and theUnited States in April 2022, Japan is working with the United States to cooperate inaccelerating the transition to a decarbonized society in developing countries, especially in
the Indo-Pacific region. As part of these partnership activities, the Ministry of Environment,
Japan and the Office of the Special Presidential Envoy for Climate, United States of57

America, announced the "Global Subnational Zero Carbon Promotion Initiative" at the
UNFCCC COP26. Based on the initiative, Japan and the United States are working together
to promote global action to recognize, support, and accelerate subnational climate actionin third countries, particularly in the Indo-Pacific region, to accelerate the transition to a
decarbonized society.
Good PracticeGood PracticeJapan held a Zero Carbon City International Forum 2022 and 2023 forencouraging net-zero commitments and sharing leading cases of subnational
climate actions, based on the Japan-US Global Subnational Zero Carbon Promotion
Initiative.

JAPAN and EU
Japan EU Green Alliance
In May 2021, Japan and the EU announced the formation of a Green Alliance to accelerate
the transition of both economies to become climate-neutral, circular, and resourceefficient in order to achieve green growth and their shared goal of achieving net-zerogreenhouse gas emissions by 2050. The Alliance identified five priority areas, namely
cooperation on energy transition, environmental protection, regulatory and businesscooperation, research and development, and sustainable finance.
https://www.mofa.go.jp/mofaj/files/100194620.pdf
https://climate.ec.europa.eu/news-your-voice/news/eu-and-japan-commit-new-greenalliance-work-towards-climate-neutrality-2021-05-27_en
Good practiceGood Practice
EU-Japan 100 Cities Event on Climate Action was organized in January 2023 by
the Delegation of the European Union to Japan and Institute for Global
Environmental Strategies (IGES) with aim to facilitate exchange between EU andJapanese cities through sharing good practices and solutions taken by leading
cities, especially those cities selected under the initiatives to support subnational
climate actions by the Japanese government and the EU, namely Japan’s
decarbonizing leading areas and EU mission for 100 climate-neutral and smart
cities. 8 EU cities and 7 Japanese cities, and 4 companies and financial institutions
from both countries shared their experiences and projects aiming to contributelocal decarbonization.

58

Definition of Categories
1. POLICY/PLAN /STRATEGYTechnical support to the development of laws, regulations, procedure, standards, strategies, action plans, andothers2. INITIATIVE
Leading actions, process, or movements to achieve targets/goals or solve problems
3. FINANCE
Financial supports/incentives provided by national government or its representatives to overseas subnational
governments, which includes loans, guarantees, tax, credits, investments, aid funds, grants, subsidies, and others.
4. CAPACITY BUILDING
Provision of educational program, trainings, seminars, twinning program targeted at overseas subnational
government staff or any other equivalent staff.

Sending consultants and advisors to provide know-how to

overseas subnational governments with objective of human capacity, skills, and knowledge development can bealso categorized under this category.

5. NETWORKING/INFORMATION EXCHANGE
Exchange of information and ideas among overseas subnational government staff or any other equivalent staff
with special interest; platform to connect overseas subnational government staff or any other equivalent staff ina physical or virtual environment to facilitate knowledge and information and exchange and/or building solidarity.
6. PARTNERSHIP AMONG G7 MEMBERS
Partnership, alliance or any other initiative to collaborate among G7 members related to support to overseas
subnational governments.

59