All Rights Reserved, Copyright (C) 2004, National Institute for Land and Infrastructure Management

ADVANCED AIRPORT PAVEMENTDESIGN AND EVALUATIONMETHOD
Yoshitaka HACHIYA andYukitomo TSUBOKAWA
National Institute for Land andInfrastructure Management,
Ministry of Land, Infrastructure andTransport
1

Serviceability (PCCP)
Subgrade/Subbase Deformation
Flexural Fatigue Cracking
Riding Comfort
Traveling Safety21All Rights Reserved, Copyright (C) 2004, National Institute for Land and Infrastructure Management

Performance of Pavements

3

Requirements for Airport
Pavement Performance
Bearing Capacity
TLarge Mass: 400t (B747), 600t (NLA)

Safety in Operation
THigh speed: 300km/h (at landing)42All Rights Reserved, Copyright (C) 2004, National Institute for Land and Infrastructure Management

ADVANCED AIRPORT PAVEMENT DESIGN AND
EVALUATION METHOD

Runway Roughness Evaluationfrom Aircraft Operation
Questionnaire to Pilots
Simulation of Aircraft Response
Criteria on Roughness

5Questionnaire to Pilots
3 Airlines, 84 pilots
Facility Condition Evaluation
T

R/W, T/W, A/P

Surface Distress Influence to Evaluation
T

Faulting, Rutting, Cracking,
Scattered Debris , Longitudinal Gradient,Transverse Gradient, Water Film,
Snow & Ice, Centerline Light

Serviceability
TRiding Comfort, Safety in Operation

63

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Evaluation: Riding Comfort
R/W
Terrible Excellent
GoodA/P
Excellent
Good
Terrible

Poor
Fair

Poor
Fair
T/W
Terrible Excellent
Good
Poor

Excellent
GoodFair
Poor

Fair

Terrible

7

Influence of Item to Comfort
Item
Faulting
Rutting
Cracking
DebrisL. Grad.
T. Grad.
Water
S&I
Light0V. Strong
StrongOrdinary
ScarceV. Scarce
2040 60 80
Rate (%)

10084

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Improvement of Comfort
Satisfaction Rate (%)
100
R/W
80

660
40

78 24 320051 90

0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
Independence Coefficient
9Items Necessary to Improve
Item
Faulting
Rutting
Cracking
DebrisL. Grad.
T. Grad.
Water
S&I
Light

Comfort
R/W
T/W
A/P
14.0
10.9 -2.9
2.5
2.2
7.7
7.7
6.3
2.9
6.7
1.5
-0.5
-7.6
-2.9
-27.0
-19.8
-2.1
-1.6
-10.9 -11.8
-11.9
-2.5
10.1
-5.7
13.8 15.7
13.5

R/W
19.7
8.8
6.2
3.1
6.2
0.9
-3.5
25.1
3.6Safety
T/W
-6.7
-8.6
2.1
4.3
0.0
-0.7
2.7
2.0
3.5

A/P
-5.6
-6.7
-11.6
-7.8
-7.5
-1.9
-7.0
-8.6
-14.0
105

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Pilot’s Evaluation at TIA
CB

A

11Longitudinal Profile Measuring
SystemGPS Satelites

GPS moving Staion

GPS Fixed Staion

Sensors
Traveling Profilometer
126

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Laser Profilometer + GPSMethod
LP: Shorter
T GPS: Longer
TSpeedT

0~65km/hAccuracy
TLess than ±1.2mm

Interval
T1mm or longer

34R

16L

147

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Measured Results

15

Evaluation Based on IRI

168

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Evaluation Based on PSD

17

Evaluation by Wavelet Analysis
original

frequency(cycle/m)
Low

0.025c/m

RoughSection

0.05c/m
0.095c/m
0.19c/m
0.39c/m
0.78c/m
1.56c/m
3.12c/m
6.25c/m

12.5c/m
High25c/m
1/(2××0.01)=50c/m
Basic Frequency
0m~3,000m

189All Rights Reserved, Copyright (C) 2004, National Institute for Land and Infrastructure Management

Aircraft Response Model

19

Simulation for TIN
PSA (G)CGA (G)

Speed (knots)

Profile (mm)2010All Rights Reserved, Copyright (C) 2004, National Institute for Land and Infrastructure Management

Design Acceleration
Gravity center
Pilot station

10.8
0.6

0.38g

0.4

0.28g

0.2

85th percentile

99

5102030
50
70
80
90
95

1.01.1

099.9
99.99

Vertical aceleration (g)1.2Percentile

21

Acceleration at CG: Takeoff

2211

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Acceleration at CG: Taxiing

23

Bump Criteria: Takeoff
Height of bump (mm)200
Gravity center
Pilot station

150

100500020406080
Wavelength (m)1002412All Rights Reserved, Copyright (C) 2004, National Institute for Land and Infrastructure Management

Bump Criteria: Taxiing
Height of bump (mm)600
Gravity center
Pilot station

500
400
300
200
100005101520

Wavelength (m)25Conclusion
Pilots' Evaluation
Satisfied with Present (60 - 70%)
T Comfort: Center Light, Faulting
T Safety: Snow & Ice, Debris
T

Aircraft Vertical Acceleration
T

Influenced by Speed, Position in Aircraft

Bump Criteria
50mm (Takeoff)
T 10mm (5 - 15m Wavelength, Taxiing)T

26

13