資料6-DCommission D (Electronics and Photonics) Activity ReportAugust 2010-October 2010
November 9, 2010
Tadao Nagatsuma1) Commission Activities
AP-RASC2010:Follwings are summary reports by conveners who were responsible for technical sessions
related to Commission D (all sessions were held on October 25 and 26, 2010).
D1: Advanced electronic devices and circuits for ubiquitous wireless (Prof. Kado and Prof.
Fujishima)
This session includes three invited and three contributed papers. All the invited papers are ondevices and circuit technologies for wide-area ubiquitous networks developed at NTTLaboratories; Dr. Harada described extremely low-power wireless terminals, which cover 5-km
radius with 10-mW output power ensuring 10-year battery life. For this 10-year battery life, Dr.
Ugajin presented their work on low-leak regulator circuits for intermittent LSI operation. Dr.
Oshima described in particular highly efficient power amplifiers by introducing a new methodof reducing signal distortion for low-power consumption. As a contributed paper, Prof.
HigashinoofOsakaUniversity

proposedanewzone

multiplexing

schemeto

radio-on-leaky-coaxial cable (LCX) system in order to suppress the interference effect among
the wireless service zone. Dr. Izumi of Kobe University presented a very low-power LSI
processor dedicated to be used in each node of wireless sensor networks with an average power
consumption as low as 58W. Final contributed paper was given by Dr. Abe of Tokushima
University on the effect of the Si-substrate conductivity in the application of wirelessinterconnections between Si-LSIs and AlGaN/GaN HFETs on sapphire substrate.
D2: Trends in electronic/photonic devices and circuits (Prof. Umeda and Prof. Fukushima)
This session includes four invited papers and one contributed paper.

Three papers are related

to electronic devices and circuits, whereas two papers are related to photonic ones. Prof. T.
Waho presented his recent research activities on delta-sigma (analog-to-digital converters(ADC) for wireless communications.

Increase in frequency of the input radio signal isachieved by employing the bandpass architecture that can decrease a sampling rate of a
ADC.

In addition, the continuous-time architecture much increases the operating speed

by replacing the switched capacitor discrete-time filter with a continuous-time filter. Prof. K.
Maezawa and his colleagues presented high-speed circuits based on resonant tunneling diodes(RTDs) and their application to analog-to-digital converters. Proposed monostable-bistable1

transition logic element (MOBILE) can be applied to a high-speed D-flip-flop (DFF).

The

frequency-modulation (FM)  modulator using MOBILE as a quantizer is suitable forhigh-frequency operation because it does not have feedbacks.
RTDs is also demonstrated.

A 100-GHz oscillator usingProf. H. Amano presented recent trends on dynamicallyreconfigurable processors (DRPs).

Recent trends on DRPs are (1) small sized PE arrayspecialized for a certain application and (2) multi-core structure using multiple small sizedprocessing element (PE) arrays. A prototype chip of a DRP with three-dimensional wirelessinterconnect named MuCCRA-Cube is also reported.

It can increase the number of PE arraysby using the inductive coupling technique. Prof. W.-Y. Choi presented his recent research resultsof a CMOS-compatible APD and its integration with a trans-impedance amplifier (TIA). Unlike
conventional APDs, the reported APD is fully compatible with the CMOS process. In his talk,the receiver integrated with the APD and TIA was presented and a 4.25-Gb/s reception wasdemonstrated experimentally. Dr. I. Ogawa and his colleagues have engaged research anddevelopment

ofPLC

andLN

modulator

integration

formulti-level

opticalmodulators/demodulators. With their excellent techniques, they have successfully developed
many kinds of modulators employing multiplexing technologies such as OFDM and PDM.
DC1: Meta-materials and their applications (Prof. Sanada and Prof. Sano)
In DC1-1, invited speaker, Prof. Kitano, presented no-reflection, no-refraction metamaterial for
circularly polarized light. He suggested that by introducing a chirality parameter, novel anduseful EM phenomena can be observed. In DC1-2, invited speaker, Prof. Sanada, presented thewave

propagationinamediumwithasinglenegativecomponent

in

thepermittivity/permeability tensors investigated both numerically and experimentally. He
demonstrated the advantage of an anisotropic structure over double-negative or left-handedmaterials. In DC1-4, Okubo and Tsutsumi described the propagation characteristics ofleft-handed ferrite waveguides with air gap using the high frequency structure simulator (HFSS)
taking up effect on wide variety of ferrite periodic structures, and their characteristics are
confirmed by experiments. In DC1-5, Takahagi and Sano proposed a method for improving thegain of a Si on-chip antenna using an artificial dielectric layer (ADL) inserted between theantenna and Si substrate. Design and experimental results were described. In DC1-6, Belousovet al. showed that by tuning the parameters of a photonic crystal layer, one can suppress certain
emission lines of dyes, subsequently increasing the change of the fluorescence spectra of thesensing layer in the presence of analyte. In DC1-7, Wakatsuchi et al. discussed the contributionof conductive losses to the overall absorptance of a cut-wire metamaterial and revealed thatmaterials with suitable conductive losses are becoming readily available through recently
developed technologies, e.g. conductive inks. In DP-1, Kamenetskii discuss a problem ofrealization of magnetoelectric (ME) particles and ME metamaterials. In DP-2, Qi et al.

2presented a Fabry-P´erot-like(FP-like) formalism for the transmittance spectrum characteristics
of a subwavelength single slit in a metallic film.
DC2: Microwave photonics technology (Prof. Toda and Prof. Nirmalathas)
This session included four invited papers and two contributed papers related on microwave
photonics technology. In DC2-1, invited speaker Dr. F. L. Hong, AIST Japan, presented
applications of optical frequency combs for frequency standards. In DC2-2, invited speaker Mr.
P. T. Dat, Waseda University Japan, presented their recent experiments on transmission ofW-CDMA signal with radio over free space optical network. In DC2-3, Prof. K. Kumamoto,
Osaka Institute of Technology Japan, presented convergence of broadcasting andcommunication utilizing CATV network. WiMAX and W-LAN signals were transmitted over 35
km using radio-over-fiber technique with installed optical CATV infrastructure. In DC2-4,invited speaker Prof. C. Lim, The University of Melbourne, Australia, presented highperformance radio-over-fiber links.

Digitized wireless optical signal transport is used toovercome the inherent issues associated with analog optical link. In DC2-5, invited speaker Dr.
T. Kuri, NICT Japan, presented reconfigurable DWDM mm-wave-band radio-over-fiber
networks for wireless and wired signal convergence. In DC2-6, Mr. D. Takeuchi, Meijo
University Japan, presented phase and amplitude control of optically controlled phased array
antenna.

Using commercially available optical telecommunication components, beam steeringof 3-GHz microwave signal was performed.
DC3: Terahertz-wave technology (Prof. Otsuji and Dr. T. Kleine-Ostmann)This session devoted to discuss about state-of-the-art of terahertz-wave technology in a broader
area from millimeter waves to far infrared waves. The session accommodated five invited
papers authored by world-leading researchers in terms of novel/innovative devices, components,
as well as application systems for security/safety sensing/imaging and future broadband wirelesscommunications. Prof. H. Ito at Kitasato University presented photomixer-type terahertz source
device technology based on his group’s original uni-travelling-carrier photodiodes (well known
as UTC-PD’s). More than 10-μW power at 1.04 THz could be produced with a resonant-type
integrated antenna. Prof. V. Ryzhii at University of Aizu presented his original idea for new
graphene-based terahertz photonic devices including new type of lasers, mid-infrared
phototransistors. Due to its extraordinary carrier transport properties in the gapless, linear band
structure graphene will become an epoch maker to bridge over the “terahertz gap.” Prof. P. Uhd.
Jepsen at Technical University of Denmark presented novel polymer microstructured fibers for
guiding of terahertz radiation.

Thanks to the photonic-crystal-fiber design, various types ofstructures/polymer-materials are demonstrated.

Using terahertz time-domain spectroscopy

important properties like losses, dispersions have been successfully characterized. Future trend3was also directed. Dr. C. Otani at RIKEN presented two topics on terahertz sensing for safety
and security, one for inspection of illicit drugs in mails and the other for terahertz beam steering.
He introduced his original smart screening system for inspecting illicit drugs and hazardous
substances in mail envelopes, incorporating first-stage rapid screening part using X-ray imaging
and the second-stage accurate identifying part using terahertz scattering.

Prof. T. Nagatsuma at

Osaka University presented 100-400 GHz band wireless communications technology. In thelast decade he and his former group in NTT have been taking advantage of the millimeter wave
communication at 120 GHz and beyond. Now the level comes up at 300 to 400 GHz carrier
frequencies at Gbit/s level.

Electron devices do not work in such a high frequency range sothat they utilize a smart way of photonic carrier signal generation/modulation. Future direction
to the terahertz wireless communication was also addressed.

In spite of the final date of theconference, the session room was filled with large number of audiences. This is a proof that thisemerging area and research topic have attracted attention very much. Related to this DC3
session field two excellent contributed works were accepted as poster presentation. Dr. T.
Kleine-Ostmann at PTB, Germany demonstrated their original millimeter-wave communication
utilizing commercially available hardware implementation. Prof. I. Khmyrova at University ofAizu presented a novel device modeling for terahertz plasmon-resonant dual-grating gatetransistors.

2) Domestic Activities Related to Areas Covered by Commission D
IECIE Society Conference (at Osaka Prefecture University, 14 September):
Session C-14 (Microwave Photonics) included 15 contributed papers on optically controlled
phased array and beam forming, combination of radio-on-fiber and MIMO, fusion ofcommunication and broadcasting services for digitally divided areas, optical modulation of60-GHz signals in InP-HEMTs, stabilization of lithium-niobate electric-field sensor, accurate
EO sensing by homodyne detection, high-power RF photodetectors, calibration scheme forphotodetectors using optical modulators, ultra-wideband (UWB) signal generation using FBGs,
14-Gbps transmission using 300 GHz wireless link, efficient generation of in-coherent THz
signals, high-speed THz spectroscopic imaging using Schottky- barrier diodes. Session CS-8,
which is a symposium on perspective of devices and systems for over 100 GHz and 100 Gbit/s,
included 6 invited talks on over-100-GHz InP-based HEMT ICs, high-speed multi-media
transmission systems based on hybrid optical CDM and TDM, trends in ultrafast optical signalprocessing devices, CMOS IC technology for THz region, overview and future of THz
technology, generation of THz signals and their applications.

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