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高速度ビデオでの運動解析プログラムの開発― CPUおよびGPUによるトレース高速化の検討 ―Performance saturation
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ࡽࢀࡓ࢔࣮࢟ࢸࢡࢳ࣮ࣕࢆ✚ᴟⓗ࡟ά⏝ࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࡣࠊ*38 ഃࡢࢥ࣮ࢻࢆ୍࠿ࡽ᭩ࡁ┤ࡍࡇ࡜ࡀᚲせ࡜࡞ࡾࠊ࠿࡞ࡾᅔ㞴࡞సᴗ࡜࡞ࡿࠋࡑࡢࡓࡵ 2SHQ$&& ➼ࡢ༙⮬ື໬㧗㏿໬ࢶ࣮ࣝࢆ฼⏝ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀࠊ౑⏝⪅ഃ࡟ࡣ᥎ዡࡉࢀࡿࠋ2SHQ$&& ➼ࡢࢶ࣮ࣝࡣ⌧ᅾ᳨ドࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡀࠊ&38 ࡢሙྜ࡟ຠ
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7ᮾᾏ኱ᏛᏱᐂ᝟ሗࢭࣥࢱ࣮࡟࠾ࡅࡿኴ㝧ᨺᑕࡢ㛗ᮇほ ⤖ᯝ➉ୗ ⚽㸦ᮾᾏ኱Ꮫ ᕤᏛ㒊 ග࣭⏬ീᕤᏛ⛉㸧኱ᗞᗣᙪ㸦ᮾᾏ኱ᏛᏱᐂ᝟ሗࢭࣥࢱ࣮㸧Research on the long-term trend of solar radiation at Tokai University Space Information
Center in Kumamoto
Shu TAKESHITA (Department of Optical and Imaging Science and Technology, School of Engineering,
Tokai University)
Yasuhiko Ohba (Tokai University Space Information Center)࣮࣮࢟࣡ࢻ㸸ኴ㝧ᨺᑕ㸪89$ ⣸እ⥺㸪㛗ᮇኚືഴྥ㸪⢏Ꮚ≧ᾋ㐟≀㉁
Keywords: solar radiation, UV-A radiation, long-term trend, suspended particle matterTo evaluate long-term trend of solar irradiance, global Total irradiance and global UV-A irradiancemeasured at Tokai University Space Information Center in Kumamoto from 2001 to 2015 are analyzed.
Daily maximum global Total irradiance recorded over solar constant is 52 days.

It is considered that thisenhancement in global Total irradiance is caused by the multi-reflection between low layer cloud and ground.
Long-term trend of global Total and global UV-A irradiances integrated daily from 2008 to 2015 shows
statistically decreasing trend about -0.62 %/year in Total and -0.23 %/year in UV-A, respectively.
considered that these decreasing trends caused by the increasing trend of sunshine duration.

It is

A decreasingrate of global UV-A irradiance integrated daily is smaller than that of global Total irradiance integrated daily.
Long-term trend of the suspended particle matter (SPM) measured at the town office of Mashiki shows
decreasing trend in this period.

It suggests that decreasing trends of global Total and global UV-A

irradiance integrated daily caused by the decreasing trend of sunshine duration are cancelled by thecleanness of the atmosphere.
1. ࡣࡌࡵ࡟ ᮾᾏ኱Ꮫ⥲ྜ⛉Ꮫᢏ⾡◊✲ᡤ࡛ࡣ㸪1990 ᖺ 10 ᭶࠿ࡽ㸪ᮾᾏ኱Ꮫ•༡ᰯ⯋㸦⚄ዉᕝ┴ᖹሯᕷ㸪໭
⦋ 35 ᗘ 21 ศ㸪ᮾ⤒ 139 ᗘ 16 ศ㸧࡟࠾࠸࡚㸪ᡂᒙᅪ࢜ࢰࣥᒙ◚ቯ࡟క࠺ኴ㝧 UV-B ⣸እ⥺㸦Ἴ㛗
280 nm ̽ 315 nm㸧ࡢほࢆ㸪ኴ㝧 UV-A ⣸እ⥺㸦Ἴ㛗 315 nm ̽ 400 nm㸧࡜᪥ᑕ㸦Ἴ㛗 300 nm̽ 3000nm㸧࡜ඹ࡟ᐇ᪋ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ 1)2)ࠋࡉࡽ࡟ 1990 ᖺ௦࡟ᆅ⌫᝟ሗㄪᰝᐊࢆタ⨨ࡋ㸪ᅜෆࡢ㛵ಀ᪋タ࡟࠾࠸࡚ᆅ⌫᝟ሗ࡟㛵ࢃࡿほ ࣭◊✲ࢆ㛤ጞࡋࡓࠋ㜿⸽⇃ᮏ✵࡟㞄᥋ࡍࡿᮾᾏ኱ᏛᏱᐂ᝟ሗࢭࣥࢱ࣮㸦௨ᚋ㸪Ᏹᐂ᝟ሗࢭࣥࢱ࣮࡜␎ࠋ⇃ᮏ┴┈ᇛ⏫㸪໭⦋ 32 ᗘ 50 ศ㸪ᮾ⤒ 130 ᗘ 52 ศ㸧࡟࠾ࡅࡿኴ㝧⣸እ⥺ほࡣࡇࡢ୍⎔࡜ࡋ࡚ 1996 ᖺ 6 ᭶࡟㛤ጞࡉࢀࡓࠋኴ㝧⣸እ⥺⎔ቃࡢᆅᇦᕪཬࡧ㛗ᮇⓗ࡞ኚືホ౯ࢆ୺┠ⓗ࡜ࡋ㸪඲ኳ᪥ᑕ㸦Ἴ㛗 300 nm – 3000 nm㸧㸪඲ኳ UV-A ⣸እ⥺㸦Ἴ㛗 315 nm – 400 nm㸧㸪඲ኳ UV-B ⣸እ⥺㸦Ἴ㛗 280 nm – 315 nm㸧ࢆ 10 ⛊㛫㝸࡛ほ✲ᡤ࡛㛤Ⓨࡉࢀࡓィჾࢆ౑⏝ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ ࠋࡇࢀࡲ࡛࡟ほ3)•༡ᰯ⯋࡜ࡢẚ㍑⤖ᯝࢆሗ࿌ࡋࡓ
ᐂ᝟ሗࢭࣥࢱ࣮࡟࠾࠸࡚ほ

8

4)5)

ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ඲ኳ UV-B ⣸እ⥺ࡣᮏ◊㛤ጞ┤ᚋࡢࢹ࣮ࢱࢆゎᯒࡋ㸪ᮾᾏ኱Ꮫࠋᮏሗ࡛ࡣ㸪2001 ᖺ 1 ᭶ 1 ᪥࠿ࡽ 2015 ᖺ 8 ᭶ 31 ᪥ࡲ࡛࡟Ᏹ

ࡉࢀࡓ඲ኳ᪥ᑕཬࡧ඲ኳ UV-A ⣸እ⥺ࡢほࢹ࣮ࢱࢆ⏝࠸࡚㸪ࡇࢀࡽ

東海大学宇宙情報センターにおける太陽放射の長期観測結果

ࡢ㛗ᮇⓗ࡞ኚືࡢഴྥࢆሗ࿌ࡍࡿࠋ

2. ᪉ἲ ኴ㝧ᨺᑕࡢཷග㒊ࡣ㸪ᘓ≀࡞࡝ࡢ㐽ⶸ≀ࡀᑡ࡞࠸༡ഃࡢⰪᆅࡢほ඲ኳᨺᑕ㔞ࡢほࢆᐇ᪋ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋཷග㒊ࡢタ⨨≧ἣࢆ Figure 1 ࡟♧ࡍࠋ᪥ᑕィ㸦MS-801㸪ⱥᘯ㸧㸪ኴ㝧 UV-A ⣸እィ㝧 UV-B ⣸እィຊࡣ㸪ほࢸ࣮ࣈࣝࡢୖ࡟Ỉᖹ࡟タ⨨ࡋ㸪ჾ㸦MS-210A㸪ⱥᘯ㸧㸪ኴჾ㸦MS-210W㸪ⱥᘯ㸧ࡢฟࢸ࣮ࣈࣝ໭ഃࡢẼ㇟ࢩ࢙ࣝࢱ࣮ෆ࡟タ⨨ࡉࢀࡓࢹ࣮ࢱ࣮ࣟ࢞㸦Solac III㸪ⱥᘯ㸧࡟ࡼࡾ 10 ⛊ẖ࡟ほࡉࢀ㸪ไᚚ⏝ࣃ࣮ࢯࢼࣝ

ࢥࣥࣆ࣮ࣗࢱ࡟グ㘓ࡉࢀࡿࠋไᚚࣃ࣮ࢯࢼࣝ
ࢥࣥࣆ࣮ࣗࢱ࡟⵳✚ࡉࢀࡓほࢹ࣮ࢱࡣ㸪1᫬㛫ẖ࡟࢖ࣥࢱ࣮ࢿࢵࢺ⤒⏤࡛•༡ᰯ⯋ࡢࢧ࣮ࣂ࣮࡟㌿㏦ࡉࢀ㸪࢖ࣥࢱ࣮ࢿࢵࢺ࡟᥋⥆ࡉࢀࡓࣃ࣮ࢯࢼࣝࢥࣥࣆ࣮ࣗࢱ࡞࡝࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ほ≧ἣࡢ☜ㄆࡀྍ⬟࡛࠶ࡿࠋ ඲࡚ࡢኴ㝧ᨺᑕィჾࡢึᮇᰯṇࡣ〇㐀఍ࢆ┠ⓗ Figure 1 Photograph of solar radiation monitoring࡜ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡓࡵ㸪㛗ᮇⓗ࡞ឤᗘኚ໬ࡢホ౯ࡀ system installed at Tokai University Space Information♫࡛ᐇ᪋ࡋࡓࠋࡋ࠿ࡋ㸪㛗ᮇⓗ࡞ほᚲせ࡛࠶ࡿࠋኴ㝧 UV-A ⣸እィჾࡣ㸪Ᏹᐂ Center.

᝟ሗࢭࣥࢱ࣮タ⨨๓ࡢ 1996 ᖺ 3 ᭶ཬࡧⴠ㞾࡟ࡼࡿಟ⌮ࡢࡓࡵ࡟•༡ᰯ⯋࡟ᣢࡕᖐࡗࡓ
2010 ᖺ 2 ᭶࡟•༡ᰯ⯋࡟࠾࠸࡚ᡃࡀᅜࡢᅜᐙ
ࢫࢣ࣮ࣝࡢࢺ࣮ࣞࢧࣅࣜࢸ࢕య⣔࡛࠶ࡿ
JCSS ᰯ ṇ ࡉ ࢀ ࡓ ศ ග ᨺ ᑕ ↷ ᗘ ᶆ ‽ 㟁 ⌫㸦JPD-100V-500WCS㸪࢘ࢩ࢜㸧࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ឤᗘ
ᰯṇࢆᐇ᪋ࡋࡓࠋࡉࡽ࡟ 2002 ᖺ࠿ࡽࡣᦠᖏග
※ࢆᏱᐂ᝟ሗࢭࣥࢱ࣮࡟ᣢࡕ㎸ࡳ㸪1 ᖺ࡟ 1ᅇ⛬ᗘࡢ㢖ᗘ࡛ࡇࡢᦠᖏග※࡟ᑐࡍࡿฟຊ
ᐃࢆ㸪ኴ㝧 UV-A ⣸እィჾཬࡧ᪥ᑕィ࡟ᑐࡋ࡚ᐇ᪋ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ

3. ᐇ㦂⤖ᯝ࡜⪃ᐹࢹ࣮ࢱྲྀᚓ᪥ᩘࡣ㸪2001 ᖺ 1 ᭶ 1 ᪥࠿ࡽ2015 ᖺ 8 ᭶ 31 ᪥ࡢ 5356 ᪥ࡢෆ㸪඲ኳ᪥ᑕ㸸
4816 ᪥㸦89.9 %㸧
㸪඲ኳ UV-A ⣸እ⥺㸸4721
᪥㸦88.1 %㸧࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋྲྀᚓࡋࡓほࢹ࣮ࢱࡢ㉁ࢆẼ㇟ᗇ⇃ᮏᆅ᪉Ẽ㇟ྎ㸦໭⦋ 32 ᗘ 49ศ㸪ᮾ⤒ 130 ᗘ 42 ศ㸪Ᏹᐂ᝟ሗࢭࣥࢱ࣮࠿ࡽ

Figure 2 Global Total irradiance measured at Tokai

す༡す 17.8 km㸧࡟࠾ࡅࡿ඲ኳ᪥ᑕ㔞ほ

University Space Information Center from Jan. 2001 to್࡞࡝࠿ࡽホ౯ࡋ㸪᫂ࡽ࠿࡟␗ᖖ್࡜ᛮࢃࢀࡿほ್ࡣḞᦆ್ᢅ࠸࡜ࡋࡓࠋ2001 ᖺ࠿ࡽ 2004ᖺࡣⴠ㞾࡞࡝࡟ࡼࡾḞᦆ࡜ࡋࡓ᪥ᩘࡀከࡃ㸪Aug. 2015.
(a) Daily integrated irradiance, (b) Daily maximum
irradiance9東海大学宇宙情報センターにおける太陽放射の長期観測結果

඲ 1461 ᪥ࡢෆ㸪඲ኳ᪥ᑕ㸸1019 ᪥㸦69.7 %㸧
㸪඲ኳ UV-A ⣸እ⥺㸸910 ᪥㸦62.3 %㸧ࡋ࠿ࢹ࣮ࢱゎᯒ࡟౪ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࠋ᭱⤊ⓗ࡟ࡣ㸪2001 ᖺ 1 ᭶ 1 ᪥࠿ࡽ 2015 ᖺ 8 ᭶ 31 ᪥
ࡢ 5356 ᪥ࡢෆ㸪඲ኳ᪥ᑕ㸸4809 ᪥㸦89.8 %㸧
㸪඲ኳ UV-A ⣸እ⥺㸸4658 ᪥㸦87.8 %㸧ࡢࢹ࣮ࢱࢆゎᯒࡋࡓࠋ
ᦠᖏග※࡟ࡼࡿ㛗ᮇⓗ࡞ឤᗘኚ໬ࡣ㸪᪥ᑕィ㸸᭷ព࡞ኚ໬࡞ࡋ㸪ኴ㝧 UV-A ⣸እィჾ㸸-0.56 %/ᖺ㸦᭷ព㸧࡜ホ౯ࡉࢀࡓࠋኴ㝧 UV-A⣸እィჾࡢศගᨺᑕ↷ᗘᶆ‽㟁⌫࡟ࡼࡿ

1996 ᖺ 3 ᭶࠿ࡽ 2010 ᖺ 2 ᭶ࡢឤᗘኚ໬ࡢホ౯⤖ᯝࡣ -0.30 %/ᖺ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋྠᆺࡢ ኴ㝧
UV-A ⣸እィჾࡣ•༡ᰯ⯋࡟࠾ࡅࡿほࡶ౑⏝ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡋ࠿ࡋࡇࡢィ

࡟

ჾࡢឤᗘኚ

໬ࡣㄆࡵࡽࢀ࡚࠸࡞࠸ࠋᦠᖏග※ࡢᨺᑕ↷ᗘࡣࢃࡎ࠿࡟పୗࡋࡓ࡜ุ᩿ࡋ㸪ኴ㝧 UV-A ⣸እィჾࡢឤᗘࡣศගᨺᑕ↷ᗘᶆ‽㟁⌫࡟ࡼࡿឤᗘኚ໬㸦-0.30 %/ᖺ㸧ࢆ⏝࠸࡚ほ

್ࢆಟ

ṇࡋࡓࠋ
඲ኳ᪥ᑕࡢ୍᪥ྜィᨺᑕ㔞ཬࡧ᪥᭱኱್ࡢほ⤖ᯝࢆ Figure 2 ࡟♧ࡍࠋࡇࡢゎᯒᮇ㛫୰

Figure 3 Global UV-A irradiance measured at Tokai
University Space Information Center from Jan. 2001 to
Aug. 2015.
(a) Daily integrated irradiance, (b) Daily maximum
irradianceࡢ୍᪥ྜィᨺᑕ㔞᭱኱್ࡣ 31.2 MJ/m2㸦2004
ᖺ 6 ᭶ 13 ᪥㸧㸪᪥᭱኱್ࡣ 1530 W/m2㸦2010ᖺ 6 ᭶ 8 ᪥㸧࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋ᪥᭱኱್ࡣ኱Ẽᅪእࡢ㖄┤㠃࡟฿㐩ࡍࡿኴ㝧ᨺᑕ㔞࡛࠶ࡿኴ㝧ᐃ
ᩘ 1362 W/m2 ࢆ㉸࠼࡚࠾ࡾ㸪ኴ㝧ᐃᩘࢆ㉸࠼
ࡿ᪥ࡣ 53 ᪥Ꮡᅾࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࠋኴ㝧ᐃᩘࢆ㉸࠼ࡿ᪥ࡣపᒙࡢ㞼࡟ࡼࡿኴ㝧ᨺᑕቑᙉ 6)ࡀⓎ⏕ࡋ
ࡓ࡜᥎

ࡉࢀࡿࠋ

඲ኳ UV-A ⣸እ⥺ࡢ୍᪥ྜィᨺᑕ㔞ཬࡧ᪥᭱኱್ࡢほ⤖ᯝࢆ Figure 3 ࡟♧ࡍࠋࡇࡢゎᯒ ᮇ 㛫୰ ࡢ୍ ᪥ྜ ィᨺ ᑕ㔞 ᭱ ኱್ࡣ 1985
2
kJ/m㸦2003
ᖺ 5 ᭶ 9 ᪥㸧㸪᪥᭱኱್ࡣ 88.6 W/m2

㸦2003 ᖺ 5 ᭶ 12 ᪥㸧࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋ᪥᭱኱್ࡀ
88.6 W/m2 ࡜࠸࠺ᩘ್ࡣ␗ᖖ್࡜ࡶ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋࡋ࠿ࡋ㸪␗ᖖ್࡜ࡍࡿࡓࡵࡢ☜ࡓࡿドᣐࡀ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࡓࡵ㸪ࡇࡢࡲࡲ౑⏝ࡋࡓࠋࡇࡢほ⤖ᯝ࡟㸪365 ᪥⛣ືᖹᆒࢆ㐺⏝ࡋ㸪⛣ືᖹᆒ್ࢆᅇᖐศᯒࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡛ࡇࡢᮇ㛫ࡢ

Figure 4 365-Days moving average of global Total㛗ᮇኚືࡢᢳฟࢆヨࡳࡓࠋ๓㏙ࡢ㏻ࡾ 2001

irradianceᖺ࠿ࡽ 2004 ᖺࡣḞᦆ࡜ࡋࡓ᪥ᩘࡀከ࠸ࠋࡉࡽ

Information Center from Oct. 2004 to Aug. 2015.

࡟ 1 ࣨ᭶༢఩࡛Ḟᦆ࡜ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿሙྜࡶ࠶ࡿࠋ

(a) Daily integrated irradiance, (b) Daily maximum㛗ᮇኚືࡢゎᯒࡣࢹ࣮ࢱḞᦆࡀⴠࡕ╔࠸ࡓ

irradiance10

measured

at

Tokai

University Space

東海大学宇宙情報センターにおける太陽放射の長期観測結果

2004 ᖺ 10 ᭶ 26 ᪥௨㝆ࡢほ್࡟㐺⏝ࡋࡓࠋ

࡞࠾㸪඲ኳኴ㝧 UV-A ⣸እ⥺ࡣ 1 ࣨ᭶௨ୖ㐃⥆࡛Ḟᦆࡋࡓ 2008 ᖺ 9 ᭶ 11 ᪥࠿ࡽ 2008 ᖺ
10 ᭶ 28 ᪥ࡶゎᯒ࠿ࡽ㝖እࡋࡓࠋ365 ᪥⛣ືᖹᆒࡢ⤖ᯝࢆ Figure 4㸦඲ኳ᪥ᑕ㸧ཬࡧ Figure 5㸦඲ኳ UV-A ⣸እ⥺㸧࡟♧ࡍࠋ඲ኳ᪥ᑕࡣ㸪୍᪥ྜィᨺᑕ㔞㸸-0.62 %/ᖺ㸪᪥᭱኱್㸸-0.02 %/ᖺࡢ᭷ព࡞ῶᑡࢺࣞࣥࢻࢆ
♧ࡋࡓࠋ඲ኳ UV-A ⣸እ⥺ࡣ㸪୍᪥ྜィᨺᑕ
㔞㸸-0.23 %/ᖺ㸪᪥᭱኱್㸸+0.23 %/ᖺࡢ᭷ព࡞ࢺࣞࣥࢻࢆ♧ࡋࡓࠋࡇࡢ⤖ᯝࢆ᳨ドࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟㸪⇃ᮏᆅ᪉Ẽ㇟ྎ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ୍᪥ྜィ඲ኳ᪥ᑕ㔞ཬࡧ᪥↷᫬㛫ࡢྠᮇ㛫ࡢほ್ࢆධᡭࡋࠊ㛗ᮇኚືࡢഴྥࢆゎᯒࡋࡓࠋ୍᪥ྜィᨺᑕ㔞ཬࡧ᪥↷᫬㛫ࡢほ⤖ᯝࢆ Figure 6 ࡟㸪

365 ᪥⛣ືᖹᆒࢆ㐺⏝ࡋࡓ⤖ᯝࢆ Figure 7 ࡟♧ࡍࠋ⇃ᮏᆅ᪉Ẽ㇟ྎ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ᪥ᑕࡢኚືഴྥࡣ㸪୍᪥ྜィ඲ኳ᪥ᑕ㔞㸸-0.63 %/ᖺ㸪᪥↷᫬㛫㸸
-0.61 %/ᖺ࡜ඹ࡟᭷ព࡟ῶᑡഴྥ࡟࠶ࡿࡇ࡜
ࡀ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟࡞ࡗࡓࠋࡇࡢ୍᪥ྜィ඲ኳ᪥ᑕ㔞ࡢῶᑡഴྥࡣ㸪Ᏹᐂ᝟ሗࢭࣥࢱ࣮࡟࠾ࡅࡿῶ

Figure 5 365-Days moving average of global UV-A
irradiancemeasured

at

Tokai

University Space

Information Center from Oct. 2004 to Aug. 2015.
(a) Daily integrated irradiance, (b) Daily maximum
irradianceᑡഴྥ࡜୍⮴ࡍࡿࠋࡉࡽ࡟⇃ᮏᆅ᪉Ẽ㇟ྎ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ୍᪥ྜィ඲ኳ᪥ᑕ㔞ࡢῶᑡഴྥ࡜᪥
↷᫬㛫ࡢῶᑡഴྥࡀ࡯ࡰ୍⮴ࡍࡿࠋ௨ୖࡢ⤖ᯝ࠿ࡽ㸪Ᏹᐂ᝟ሗࢭࣥࢱ࣮࡟࠾ࡅࡿ୍᪥ྜィ඲ኳ᪥ᑕ㔞ࡢῶᑡഴྥࡣṇࡋ࠸್࡛࠶ࡾ㸪୍᪥ྜィ඲ኳ᪥ᑕ㔞ࡢῶᑡࡣ᪥↷᫬㛫ࡢῶᑡ࡟㉳ᅉࡋࡓ࡜⪃ᐹࡉࢀࡿࠋ᪥↷᫬㛫ࡣኳೃࢆ♧ࡍẼ㇟せ⣲ࡢ୍ࡘ࡛࠶ࡾ㸪ࡇࡢᩘ್ࡢῶᑡ
ࡣኳೃࡀᝏ࠸ࡇ࡜ࢆ♧ࡍࠋ୍᪥ྜィ඲ኳ UV-A ⣸እ⥺ࡣ-0.23 %/ᖺࡢ᭷ព࡞ῶᑡഴྥࢆ♧ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡋ࠿ࡋ㸪ῶᑡ๭ྜࡣ඲ኳ᪥ᑕ࡜ẚ㍑ࡋ࡚ᑠࡉࡃ㸪᪥᭱኱್
ࡣ㏫࡟᭷ព࡟ᙉࡃ࡞ࡿഴྥࢆ♧ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋḟ࡟ࡇࡢཎᅉࢆ⪃ᐹࡍࡿࠋᆅୖ࡟฿㐩ࡍࡿኴ㝧 UV-A ᨺᑕ࡟ᙳ㡪ࡍࡿᅉᏊ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡣ㸪㞼௨እ࡟ࡶ኱Ẽࡢởࢀ࡛࠶ࡿ኱Ẽ୰ࡢ࢚࢔ࣟࢰࣝࡀᣲࡆࡽࢀࡿࠋᅜ❧⎔ቃ

Figure 6 Daily integrated global Total irradiance and◊✲ᡤࠕ⎔ቃᩘ್ࢹ࣮ࢱ࣮࣋ࢫࠖ ࡢ୰࠿ࡽdaily sunshine duration measured at KumamotoᏱᐂ᝟ሗࢭࣥࢱ࣮࠿ࡽ᭱ࡶ㏆࠸┈ᇛ⏫ᙺሙ

Meteorological Observatory of Japan Meteorological㸦໭⦋ 32 ᗘ 48 ศ㸪ᮾ⤒ 130 ᗘ 48 ศ㸪Ᏹᐂ

Agency from Jan. 2001 to Aug. 2015.

7)᝟ሗࢭࣥࢱ࣮࠿ࡽ༡す 7.0 km㸧࡛ࡢ⢏Ꮚ≧ᾋ(a) Daily integrated irradiance, (b) Daily sunshine㐟≀㉁㸦Suspended particulate matter㸪SPM㸧

duration11

東海大学宇宙情報センターにおける太陽放射の長期観測結果

ࡢ᭶ᖹᆒ್㸦2001 ᖺ 1 ᭶࠿ࡽ 2015 ᖺ 8 ᭶㸧ࢆ౑⏝ࡋ㸪኱Ẽࡢởࢀࡢኚືഴྥࢆゎᯒ࣭ホ౯ࡋࡓࠋ⤖ᯝࢆ Figure 8 ࡟♧ࡍࠋ┈ᇛ⏫ᙺሙ࡛ࡢ SPM ほ್ࡣ㸪2011 ᖺ 1᭶࡟࠿ࡅ࡚ῶᑡࡋ㸪2010 ᖺ௨㝆㸪ቑຍഴྥ࡟
࠶ࡿࠋࡉࡽ࡟ 2004 ᖺ 11 ᭶࠿ࡽ 2015 ᖺ 8 ᭶ࡢഴྥࡣ㸪᭷ព࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࡀ-2.06 %/ᖺࡢῶᑡഴྥ
࡟࠶ࡗࡓࠋSPM ほ್ࡀῶᑡഴྥ࡟࠶ࡿࡇ࡜

ࡣ㸪ᆅୖ௜㏆ࡢ኱Ẽࡀࡁࢀ࠸࡟࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ
࡜࡜ྠ⩏࡛࠶ࡾ㸪SPM ࡟ࡼࡿᩓ஘ῶ⾶ࡀᑡ࡞ࡃ࡞ࡗࡓ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋSPM ࡟ࡼࡿᩓ஘ῶ⾶ࡣ㸪୍⯡ⓗ࡟࣑࣮ᩓ஘⌮ㄽ࡟ࡼࡾㄝ᫂ࡉࢀࡿ
ࡓࡵ㸪ࡁࢀ࠸࡟࡞ࡗࡓࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡿᩓ஘ῶ⾶ࡢపୗࡣἼ㛗ࡀ▷࠸⣸እ㡿ᇦࡢ᪉ࡀ኱ࡁ࠸ࠋ᪥
᭱኱᪥ᑕࡣ-0.02 %/ᖺ࡜ࢃࡎ࠿࡞ῶᑡഴྥ࡟
࠶ࡿࡀ㸪᪥᭱኱඲ኳ UV-A ⣸እ⥺ࡣ+0.23 %/ᖺࡢቑຍഴྥ࡟࠶ࡿࡇ࡜࠿ࡽࡶ⿬௜ࡅࡽࢀࡿࠋ Figure 7 365-Days moving average of global Total௨ୖࡢࡇ࡜࠿ࡽ㸪᪥↷᫬㛫ࡀῶᑡഴྥ࡟࠶ࡿ

irradiance⤖ᯝ㸪඲ኳ᪥ᑕ㔞ࡢ୍᪥ྜィᨺᑕ㔞ࡣῶᑡഴ

Kumamoto Meteorological Observatory of Japanྥࢆ♧ࡋࡓࠋࡋ࠿ࡋ㸪኱Ẽࡀࡁࢀ࠸࡟࡞ࡗࡓ

Meteorological Agency from Oct. 2004 to Aug. 2015.

ࡓࡵᩓ஘ῶ⾶ࡀᑠࡉࡃ࡞ࡾ㸪ᩓ஘ῶ⾶ࡢᙳ㡪(a) Daily integrated irradiance, (b) Daily sunshineࢆ኱ࡁࡃཷࡅࡿ୍᪥ྜィ඲ኳ UV-A ⣸እ⥺ࡣ㸪

andsunshinedurationmeasuredatdurationῶᑡࡢഴྥࡀ඲ኳ᪥ᑕ࡜ẚ㍑ࡋ࡚ᑠࡉࡃ࡞ࡗ
ࡓ࡜⪃ᐹࡉࢀࡿࠋࡓࡔࡋ㸪┈ᇛ⏫ᙺሙ࡛ࡢ
SPM ほ್ࡣᆅୖ࡛ࡢほ್࡛࠶ࡿࠋኴ㝧ගࡀᆅୖ࡟฿㐩ࡍࡿࡲ࡛࡟㏻㐣ࡍࡿ኱Ẽ୰ࡢ඲
࡚ࡢ SPM ࢆᐃࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࢃࡅ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࠋ௒ᚋ㸪᳨ドࡀᚲせ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ

4. ⤖ㄽ
2001 ᖺ 1 ᭶࠿ࡽ 2015 ᖺ 8 ᭶࡟࠿ࡅ࡚㸪㜿⸽⇃ᮏ✵࡟㞄᥋ࡋࡓᮾᾏ኱ᏛᏱᐂ᝟ሗࢭࣥ

ࢱ࣮࡟࠾࠸࡚ほࡉࢀࡓ඲ኳ᪥ᑕཬࡧ඲ኳ

UV-A ⣸እ⥺ࢆゎᯒࡋࡓࠋ᪥᭱኱඲ኳ᪥ᑕࡀ
ኴ㝧ᐃᩘࢆ㉸࠼ࡿ᪥ࡀ 53 ᪥࠶ࡾ㸪ࡇࢀࡣ㞼࡜ᆅୖࡢ㛫ࡢ┦஫཯ᑕ࡟ࡼࡿቑᙉຠᯝࡀⓎ⏕ࡋࡓ࡜⪃ᐹࡋࡓࠋ୍᪥ྜィ඲ኳ᪥ᑕ㔞ࡣ㸪2004
ᖺ 10 ᭶௨㝆㸪-0.62 %/ᖺࡢῶᑡഴྥ࡟࠶ࡗࡓࠋ
ࡇࢀࡣ㸪⇃ᮏᆅ᪉Ẽ㇟ྎ࡛ࡢほ⤖ᯝࡢゎᯒ್࡜ྠࡌഴྥ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ⇃ᮏᆅ᪉Ẽ㇟ྎ࡛ほࡉࢀࡓኳೃࢆ♧ࡍẼ㇟せ⣲ࡢ୍ࡘ࡛࠶ࡿ᪥↷᫬㛫ࡣῶᑡഴྥ࡟࠶ࡿࠋ୍᪥ྜィ඲ኳ᪥ᑕ㔞ࡀῶᑡഴྥ࡟࠶ࡿཎᅉࡣኳೃࡢᝏ໬࡜⪃ᐹࡋࡓࠋ୍᪉㸪୍᪥ྜィ඲ኳ UV-A ⣸እᨺᑕ㔞ࡣ

12Figure 8 Monthly average of SPM density measured at
the town office of Mashiki from Jan. 2001 to Aug.
2015.
(Up) 12-Months moving average from Oct. 2004 toAug., (Down) Monthly average of SPM density

東海大学宇宙情報センターにおける太陽放射の長期観測結果-0.23 %/ᖺࡢῶᑡഴྥ࡟࠶ࡾ㸪୍᪥ྜィ඲ኳ᪥ᑕ㔞ࡢῶᑡഴྥ࡜ẚ㍑ࡍࡿῶᑡ⋡ࡀᑠࡉ࠸ࠋࡉࡽ࡟ࠊ
᪥᭱኱඲ኳ UV-A ⣸እ⥺ࡣᙉࡃ࡞ࡿഴྥࡀㄆࡵࡽࢀࡿࠋ┈ᇛ⏫ᙺሙ࡛ほࡉࢀࡓ SPM ࡢほ್ࡣῶᑡഴྥ࡟࠶ࡾ㸪ࡇࢀࡣ኱Ẽࡀࡁࢀ࠸࡟࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ♧ࡍࠋ኱Ẽࡀࡁࢀ࠸࡟࡞ࡿࡇ࡜࡛ SPM
࡟ࡼࡿᩓ஘ῶ⾶ࡀῶᑡࡍࡿࡀ㸪ࡇࡢῶᑡࡢຠᯝࡣ⌮ㄽⓗ࡟Ἴ㛗ࡀ▷࠸ UV-A 㡿ᇦࡢ᪉ࡀ኱ࡁ࠸ࠋᮾ
ᾏ኱ᏛᏱᐂ᝟ሗࢭࣥࢱ࣮࡛ࡣኳೃࡢᝏ໬ഴྥ࡟ࡼࡾ୍᪥ྜィ඲ኳ᪥ᑕ㔞ཬࡧ୍᪥ྜィ඲ኳ UV-A⣸እᨺᑕ㔞ࡣῶᑡഴྥ࡟࠶ࡗࡓࠋࡋ࠿ࡋ㸪኱Ẽࡀࡁࢀ࠸࡟࡞ࡿࡇ࡜࡛ᩓ஘ῶ⾶ࡢᙳ㡪ࡀᑠࡉࡃ࡞ࡾ㸪୍᪥ྜィ඲ኳ UV-A ᨺᑕ㔞ࡢῶᑡഴྥࡣ㸪୍᪥ྜィ඲ኳ᪥ᑕ㔞ࡢῶᑡഴྥࡼࡾࡶᑠࡉࡃ࡞ࡗࡓ࡜⪃ᐹࡋࡓࠋSPM ࡣᆅୖ࡛ࡢほ್࡛࠶ࡾ㸪ᆅୖ࡟฿㐩ࡍࡿࡲ࡛࡟ኴ㝧ගࡀ㏻㐣ࡍࡿ኱Ẽ୰ࡢ඲ởࢀࢆ௦⾲ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࠿ࡣ㸪௒ᚋ᳨ウࡍࡿᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿࠋࡉࡽ࡟ࠊᮏሗ࡛ࡣྲྀࡾᢅࢃ࡞࠿ࡗࡓ඲ኳ UV-B ⣸እ⥺࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡶゎᯒࡍࡿᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿࠋ඲ኳ UV-B ⣸እ⥺ࡢሙྜࡣࠊSPM ࡢ࡯࠿࡟࢜ࢰࣥ඲㔞ࡀᙳ㡪ࡍࡿࠋ࢜ࢰࣥ඲㔞ࡣᅇ᚟ഴྥ࡟࠶ࡿ࡜ࡢሗ࿌ࡀ࠶ࡿࠋ᪥↷᫬㛫ࠊSPM ࡑࡋ࡚࢜ࢰࣥ඲㔞ࡢ 3 ࡘࡢᅉᏊࡀᆅୖ࡟฿㐩ࡍࡿ඲ኳ UV-B ⣸እ⥺࡟୚࠼ࡿᙳ㡪ࢆヲ⣽࡟ゎᯒࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡗ࡚᫂ࡽ࠿࡟ࡋࠊ
ኴ㝧ᨺᑕ⎔ቃࡢ௒ᚋࡢண

࡟ᙺ❧࡚ࡿᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿࠋ┬࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮♫఍ࡢᐇ⌧ࡢࡓࡵࡢ᪋⟇࡟ࡼࡗ࡚㸪኱Ẽࡣ௒ᚋ㸪ࡉࡽ࡟ࡁࢀ࠸࡟࡞ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀண

ࡉࢀࡿࠋ㛗ᮇⓗ࡞ኴ㝧ᨺᑕ⎔ቃࡢኚືホ౯ࢆ㸪኱Ẽࡢởࢀࡢホ౯࡜ඹ࡟⥅⥆ࡍࡿᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿࠋᮏ◊✲࡛౑⏝ࡋࡓࢹ࣮ࢱ࣮ࣟ࢞ไᚚࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡣ㸪ᮾᾏ኱Ꮫ᝟ሗᢏ⾡ࢭࣥࢱ࣮࡟ᅾ⡠ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡓᶓ
ሯⱥୡẶ࡟㛤Ⓨࡋ࡚㡬࠸ࡓࠋᶓሯⱥୡẶ࡟ㅰពࢆ⾲ࡍࡿࠋࡲࡓ㸪ᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣィࡸほჾࡢ㛗ᮇⓗ࡞⟶⌮ࢸ࣮ࣈࣝ࿘㎶࡞࡝ࡢᐃᮇⓗ࡞ಖᏲࡀᚲせ୙ྍḞ࡛࠶ࡿࠋᮾᾏ኱ᏛᏱᐂ᝟ሗࢭࣥࢱ࣮ཬࡧᮾᾏ

኱Ꮫ᝟ሗᢏ⾡ࢭࣥࢱ࣮ࡢ඲㛵ಀ⪅࡟ㅰពࢆ⾲ࡍࡿࠋࡉࡽ࡟┈ᇛ⏫ᙺሙ࡟࠾࠸࡚ᚤᑠ⢏Ꮚ≧≀㉁ࡢほࢆᐇ᪋ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㛵ಀ⪅ཬࡧ඲ᅜࡢ኱Ẽởᰁࢹ࣮ࢱࢆ཰㞟ࡋ㸪⎔ቃᩘ್ࢹ࣮ࢱ࡜ࡋ࡚බ⾲ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿᅜ❧⎔ቃ◊✲ᡤࡢ㛵ಀ⪅࡟࠾♩⏦ࡋୖࡆࡿࠋཧ⪃ᩥ⊩[1] Sasaki, M., S. Takeshita et al.,, Ground-based observation of biologically active solar ultraviolet-B
irradiance at 35 㺽 N latitude in Japan, J. Geomag. Geoelectr., 45, pp. 473-485 (1993).
[2] Sasaki, M., S. Takeshita, M. Sugiura and T. Sakata, An increase in the global solar ultraviolet-B
irradiance at 35oN in Japan since 1990, J. Geomag. Geoelectr., 46, pp. 827-834 (1994).
[3] ➉ୗ⚽㸪ᆏ⏣ಇᩥ㸪బࠎᮌᨻᏊ㸪ኴ㝧⣸እ UV-B ᨺᑕィࡢ㛤Ⓨ࡜ㅖ≉ᛶࡢホ౯㸪↷᫂Ꮫ఍ㄅ㸪
78㸪537 – 544 (1994).
[4] Sasaki, M., S. Takeshita, H. Yokotsuka and T. Sakata, Measurement of solar ultraviolet-B irradiance –Comparison between Tokai sites in Kumamoto and Hiratsuka, Photomedicine and Photobiology, 20, pp.
55 – 56 (1998).
[5] Takeshita, S. and Masako Sasaki, Solar radiation monitoring network of Tokai University, Japan, Proc.
SPIE, 5156, pp. 303 – 310 (2003).
[6] ➉ୗ⚽㸪㞼࡟ࡼࡿኴ㝧ᨺᑕቑᙉ㔞ࡢゎᯒ⤖ᯝ㸪ᮾᾏ኱Ꮫ⣖せ⥲ྜ⛉Ꮫᢏ⾡◊✲ᡤ 2016㸪37, pp.4 – 7 (2018).
[7] ᅜ❧⎔ቃ◊✲ᡤࠕ⎔ቃᩘ್ࢹ࣮ࢱ࣮࣋ࢫࠖ
  https://www.nies.go.jp/igreen/

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2017ᖺᗘ
⥲ྜ⛉Ꮫᢏ⾡◊✲ᡤ䠄ᒣཱྀ⁠◊✲ᡤ㛗䠅άືグ㘓

2015ᖺ8᭶䛛䜙ᖺ1ᅇ䚸•༡ᰯ⯋䛷㛤ദ䛧䛶䛔䛯◊✲䛾ᓠ䞉◊✲஺ὶ఍䜢௻ᴗ䞉ᐁබᗇ䞉ྛ✀ᅋయ䛸㐃ᦠ䛩䜛䛯䜑ᮾி㧗㍯ᰯ⯋䛷 ”⏘Ꮫ㐃ᦠ䝣䜵䜰” 䛸䛧䛶ึ䛾㛤ദ䜢⏘ᐁᏛ㐃ᦠ䝉䞁䝍䞊䛸ඹྠ௻⏬䛧䛯䚹
⣙150䛾እ㒊ᶵ㛵䛜ཧຍ䛧άⓎ䛺஺ὶ䛸䛺䛳䛯䚹䝬䝔䝸䜰䝹䜲䞁䝣䜷䝬䝔䜱䜽䝇䛿ィ⟬ᶵ䛷ศᏊᵓ㐀䜢ィ⟬䛧䛶ᮦᩱ䜢๰⏕䛩䜛⛉Ꮫ䛷䛒䜚䚸䛭䛾◊✲≧ἣ䜢≀㉁ᮦᩱ◊✲ᶵᵓ䛾▱ி㇏⿱๪ᣐⅬ㛗䛻
ㅮ₇㡬䛔䛯䚹ᩘ༑ྡ䛾኱Ꮫ㝔⏕䜢䛿䛨䜑ከᩘ䛾◊✲⪅䞉ᩍဨ䛜⫈ㅮ䛧䛯䚹14

㧗㏿ᗘ䜲䝯䞊䝆䞁䜾㛵㐃◊✲⪅䛜୍ᇽ䛻఍䛧䚸㧗㏿⏬ീฎ⌮ᢏ⾡䜢䛿䛨䜑䚸㡢㡪䚸ྍどග䚸㼄⥺䚸㟁Ꮚ⥺䚸୰ᛶᏊ⥺䛻⮳䜛ᗈ⠊ᅖ䛺Ἴ㛗䛷䛾ィ ゎᯒᢏ⾡䛸䝇䝫䞊䝒⛉Ꮫ䚸㉸㡢㏿㣕⾜య䛾ὶయຊᏛ䜈䛾ᛂ⏝䛻ⓑ⇕䛧䛯ウ㆟䛜䛒䛳䛯䚹㻌▱ிẶㅮ₇᫬䛾ཧຍ⪅䛛䜙ᕼᮃ䛜䛒䜚䚸≀㉁ᮦᩱ
◊✲ᶵᵓ䠄䛴䛟䜀ᕷ༓⌧䞉୪ᮌ䠅䜢◊✲⪅䛸኱Ꮫ㝔⏕ྜィ9ྡ䛷ゼၥ䛧䛯䚹ከᙬ䛷䝴䝙䞊䜽䛺ィ ศᯒᢏ⾡䛸䛭䛾⿦⨨䚸◊✲⪅1500ྡ୰30䠂䛜ᾏእ◊✲⪅䛷䛒䜛ᅜ㝿ⓗ◊✲ᣐⅬ䛻ከ䛟䛾่⃭䜢ཷ䛡䛯䚹

2017-2018年度総合科学技術研究所 活動記録⚄ዉᕝ┴᭱኱⣭䛾ᕤᴗᢏ⾡䞉〇ရᒎ♧఍䛷䛒䜛䝔䜽䝙䜹䝹䝅䝵䜴ᶓ὾䠄2018ᖺ2᭶7䡚䠕᪥䠅䛻䝤䞊䝇ᒎ♧䜢⾜䛳䛯䚹᭱㏆ὀ┠䛥䜜䛶䛔䜛䝨䝻䝤䝇䜹䜲䝖ᆺኴ㝧㟁ụ䛸↓⥺㟁ຊఏ㏦䜢㒔ᕷ䛻ㄪ࿴䛥䛫䛯⎔ቃ䞉䜶䝛䝹䜼䞊䛾䝔䞊䝬䛿཯㡪䜢࿧䜣䛰䚹Ꮫෆ◊✲⪅䛾◊✲㈨㔠ຓᡂไᗘ䜢ᢸ䛖ᮾᾏ኱Ꮫ⥲ྜ◊✲ᶵᵓᡂᯝሗ࿌఍䛻⎔ቃ䜶䝛䝹䜼䞊◊✲䝴䝙䝑䝖䛜Ⓨ⾲䛧䛯䚹୕⳻⥲ྜ◊✲ᡤ䛾ட஭ಙ୍◊✲⌮஦䛛䜙௒ᚋ䛾⏘Ꮫ㐃ᦠ䛾ᅾ䜚᪉䛻䛴䛔䛶ㅮ₇㡬䛔䛯䚹⥲ྜ⛉Ꮫᢏ⾡◊✲ᡤ䛾⎔ቃ䞉䜶䝛䝹䜼䞊◊✲䝴䝙䝑䝖ᖺᗘᮎሗ࿌఍䜢2018ᖺ3᭶1᪥䛻㛤ദ䛧䛯䚹䝨䝻䝤䝇䜹䜲䝖ᆺኴ㝧㟁ụ䛾ᥦ᱌⪅䛷䛒䜛ᐑᆏຊẶ䠄᱒ⶱᶓ὾኱Ꮫ≉௵ᩍᤵ䠅䛾ᣍᚅㅮ₇䛻⥆䛝䚸䝴䝙䝑䝖䛾◊✲⪅䛜䛭䛾ᡂᯝ䜢ᢨ㟢䛧䛯䚹

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2017-2018年度総合科学技術研究所 活動記録

2018ᖺᗘ
⥲ྜ⛉Ꮫᢏ⾡◊✲ᡤ䠄ᒾ᳃ᬡ◊✲ᡤ㛗䠅άືグ㘓㉸㡢㏿㣕⾜≀య䛾Ẽὶ䜢䝺䞊䝄䞊ศග䛷ྍど໬䞉ᐃ㔞໬䛩䜛ඛ➃ィ ᢏ⾡䜢NASA䛾◊✲⪅䛛䜙ㅮ
₇㡬䛔䛯䚹⯟✵Ᏹᐂ䜔ὶయຊᏛ䛾◊✲⪅䞉኱Ꮫ㝔⏕䛜ᩘ༑ྡཧຍ䛧䚸⯆࿡㛵ᚰ䜢♧䛩㛵ಀ⪅䛜ከ䛟䚸ㅮ₇ᚋ䛻ከᩘ䛾㉁ၥ䛜䛒䛳䛯䚹➨2ᅇ䛾⏘Ꮫ㐃ᦠ䝣䜵䜰䜢⏘ᐁᏛ㐃ᦠ䝉䞁䝍䞊䛸ඹྠ㛤ദ䛧䛯䚹ᩥ㒊⛉Ꮫ┬䛾すᲄṇ᫂ㄢ㛗ཬ䜃ྡྂᒇ኱Ꮫ䛾Ṋ⏣୍ဢᩍᤵ䛛䜙⏘Ꮫ㐃ᦠ䛾ᅾ䜚᪉䛸ᐇ᝟䛻䛴䛔䛶ㅮ₇㡬䛔䛯䚹◊✲䝴䝙䝑䝖䛾䝫䝇䝍䞊䜢๓䛻௻ᴗ䛸䛾஺ὶ䛜άⓎ䛷䛒䛳䛯䚹ᮾᾏ኱ᏛᕤᏛ㒊䞉㛗㇂ᕝ┿ஓ෸ᩍᤵ䛾⇕㡢㡪ᶵ㛵䛾ᐇ⏝໬䜢᥎㐍䛩䜛䛯䜑௻ᴗ䛾ᢏ⾡⪅䜢ᑐ㇟䛻ᢏ⾡ㅮ⩦఍䜢㛤ദ䛧䛯䚹➨1ᅇ┠䛸䛧䛶䛾䝉䝺䝰䝙䞊䜢ྵ䜑඲యⓗ䛺ᢏ⾡䛾ㄝ᫂䜢⾜䛳䛯䚹䝁䞁䝋䞊䝅䜰䝮䛸䛧䛶௒ᚋάື䜢⥆䛡䜛䚹ᩘ್ὶయຊᏛ䛾䜰䝹䝂䝸䝈䝮䜢⊂⮬䛻◊✲㛤Ⓨ䛧䛯
National Institute of Aerospace䛾すᕝ⿱❶Ặ䛻◊✲䝔䞊䝬䛾ෆᐜㄝ᫂䛸◊✲άື䛾≧ἣ䜢ㄒ䛳䛶㡬䛔䛯䚹᪥ᮏ䛸⡿ᅜ䛷䛾◊✲యไ䜔◊✲⏕ά䛺䛹ⱝᡭ◊✲⪅䛻่⃭䜢୚䛘䜛ㅮ₇䛷䛒䛳䛯䚹

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2017-2018年度総合科学技術研究所 活動記録䝕䞁䝬䞊䜽ᕤ⛉኱Ꮫ䠄DTU)䛸ᮾᾏ኱Ꮫ䛿௨๓䛛䜙཭ዲⓗ䛺㛵ಀ䛻䛒䛳䛯䛜䚸ྜྠ䝅䞁䝫䝆䜴䝮䛸䛧䛶ྠ᫬୰⥅䛷䛾㛤ദ䜢ึ䜑䛶⾜䛳䛯䚹DTU䛾㢼ຊⓎ㟁䜢䛿䛨䜑䛸䛩䜛⎔ቃ䜶䝛䝹䜼䞊ᢏ⾡䛸ᮾᾏ኱Ꮫ䛾䜶䝛䝹䜼䞊㛵㐃ᢏ⾡䛷஺ὶ䛧䛯䚹䝰䝇䜽䝽኱Ꮫཬ䜃JAXA/ᮾ໭኱Ꮫ䛾➨୍⥺◊✲⪅䛸ᮾᾏ኱Ꮫ䛾ὶయຊᏛ◊✲⪅䛜ඛ➃䛾◊✲ෆᐜ䛻䛴䛔䛶ㅮ₇䛸䝫䝇䝍䞊ᒎ♧䛷஺ὶ䛧䛯䚹100ྡ䜢㉸䛘䜛◊✲⪅䛜㉸㡢㏿㣕⾜ᢏ⾡䛸⾪ᧁἼ䜢୰ᚰ䛻ィ 䚸䝅䝭䝳䝺䞊䝅䝵䞁䛾◊✲䛻䛴䛔䛶άⓎ䛺ウ㆟䛜䛺䛥䜜䛯䚹17⥲ྜ⛉Ꮫᢏ⾡◊✲ᡤ㻌 㻞㻜㻝㻤 ᖺᗘ㻌 ➨ 㻝 ᅇ䝅䞁䝫䝆䜴䝮㻌Ⅴ්˳߻‫⇟⇕⇩⇺⇮↺ↈ᧙↚ܖ‬Ⅵ‒
㛤ദ᪥᫬䠖㻞㻜㻝㻤 ᖺ 㻝㻝 ᭶ 㻞㻞 ᪥䠄ᮌ䠅㻝㻟䠖㻟㻜䡚㻝㻤䠖㻟㻜㻌㛤ദሙᡤ䠖㻝㻣 ྕ㤋 㻞 㝵㻌 䝛䜽䝃䝇䝩䞊䝹㻙㻌㻙 㻙㻌 䠘䝥䝻䜾䝷䝮䠚㻌 㻙㻌㻙㻌㻙㻝㻟䠖㻟㻜䡚㻝㻟䠖㻠㻜㻌 䛤ᣵᣜ㻌 ྜྷ⏣㻌 ୍ஓ㻌 䠄◊✲ᢸᙜ䠅๪Ꮫ㛗㻌㻝㻟䠖㻠㻜䡚㻝㻠䠖㻞㻜㻌 ᇶㄪㅮ₇ 㻝䠖㻌䇾㻾㼑㼟㼑㼍㼞㼏㼔㻌㼒㼛㼞㻌㻴㼕㼓㼔㻙㻿㼜㼑㼑㼐㻌㻭㼑㼞㼛㼐㼥㼚㼍㼙㼕㼏㼟䇿㻌㻭㼘㼑㼤㼍㼚㼐㼑㼞㻌㻷㼡㼦㼚㼑㼠㼟㼛㼢㻌 ༤ኈ㻌 䝰䝇䜽䝽኱Ꮫ㻌㻝㻠䠖㻞㻜䡚㻝㻠䠖㻡㻜㻌 ᇶㄪㅮ₇ 㻞䠖㻌䛂ᅇ㌿⇿㎘Ἴ䛾ヲ⣽ᵓ㐀䛾ゎ᫂䛃㻌୹㔝ⱥᖾ㻌 ༤ኈ㻌 㻶㻭㼄㻭䠋ᮾ໭኱Ꮫ㻌㻝㻠䠖㻡㻜䡚㻝㻡䠖㻜㻡㻌 ఇ᠁㻌㻝㻡䠖㻜㻡䡚㻝㻡䠖㻟㻡㻌 䛂䝻䞊䝍䝸䞊䝕䝖䝛䞊䝅䝵䞁䛾≀⌮䝯䜹䝙䝈䝮䛾ゎ᫂䛃㻌㻌 㻌 㻌 ⯟✵ᏱᐂᏛ⛉㻌 Ỉ᭩⛱἞ᩍᤵ㻌㻝㻡䠖㻟㻡䡚㻝㻢䠖㻜㻡㻌 䛂ᴟ㉸㡢㏿㣕⾜䛻ྥ䛡䛯䚸ὶయ䞉⇞↝䛾ᇶ♏ⓗ◊✲䛃㻌ᶵᲔᕤᏛ⛉㻌 ᒣ⏣๛἞ㅮᖌ㻌㻝㻢䠖㻜㻡䡚㻝㻢䠖㻝㻜㻌 䛤ᣵᣜ㻌 㛗㻌 ᖾᖹ㻌 ◊✲᥎㐍㒊㛗㻌㻝㻢䠖㻞㻜䡚㻝㻣䠖㻜㻜㻌 ྛ◊✲ᐊ䛛䜙䛾䝫䝇䝍䞊Ⓨ⾲㻌ືຊᶵᲔᕤᏛ⛉䠖㧗಴ᩍᤵ䚸㧗ᶫ෸ᩍᤵ䚸⚟ᓥㅮᖌ㻌ᶵᲔᕤᏛ⛉䠖ᒸỌᩍᤵ䚸ᮌᮧ෸ᩍᤵ䚸ᒣ⏣ㅮᖌ㻌⯟✵ᏱᐂᏛ⛉䠖✄⏣ᩍᤵ䚸Ỉ᭩ᩍᤵ䚸ᇼ⃝ᩍᤵ䚸⚟⏣෸ᩍᤵ䚸἟⏣ㅮᖌ㻌㻝㻣䠖㻜㻜䡚㻝㻤䠖㻟㻜㻌 ᝟ሗ஺᥮఍䠄㻝㻥 ྕ㤋 㻟 㝵䜰䜹䝕䝭䝑䜽䝷䜴䞁䝆䠅㻌୺ദ䠖ᮾᾏ኱Ꮫ⥲ྜ⛉Ꮫᢏ⾡◊✲ᡤ㻌 㻛㻌 ඹദ䠖ᮾᾏ኱Ꮫ◊✲᥎㐍㒊㻌ᚋ᥼䠖ᮾᾏ኱Ꮫ๰㐀⛉Ꮫᢏ⾡◊✲ᶵᵓ䚸䜾䝻䞊䝞䝹᥎㐍ᮏ㒊䚸኱Ꮫ㐠Ⴀᮏ㒊㻌

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総合科学技術研究所 2018年度 第1回シンポジウム「流体工学に関するトピックス」

The motion of gas-dynamic pattern after the interaction of a plane shock wave
with pulse volume discharge in shock tube

Kuznetsov A., Mursenkova I., Sysoev N. and Znamenskaya I.
Lomonosov Moscow State University, Faculty of Physics
Low-temperature nonequilibrium plasma of gas discharges is widely used in many technological processes. In
plasma aerodynamics, the generation of controlled plasma areas can be used to reduce dynamic and thermal loads
on the surface of an aircraft, to correct the flow regime and to ignite the fuel in the engines. To influence thehigh-speed flows, it is necessary to know the mechanism of interaction of the shock wave with the plasma region.
For nanosecond discharge, a rapid change in the state of the gas occurs, including rapid heating in the energy input
region, which leads to the gas-dynamic discontinuities breakdowns at the boundaries of gas and plasma. The
shadow visualization and analysis of the flow field after the interaction of pulsed discharges with a plane shock
wave inside the discharge volume and outside it give information on the peculiarities of the motion of shock-wave
patterns after the discharge.
The dynamics of the combined volume discharge of nanosecond duration in the airflow with the plane shock wave
was studied. The combined volume discharge with plasma electrodes providing uniform energy input into the gas
due to the diffusive form was studied in stationary air and in the gasdynamic flow with a plane shock wave. The
presence of shock waves in the discharge volume may change the discharge current regime, the spatial distributionof charged particles, and the radiation structure and duration. Shock wave with Mach number 1.9-4.5 was in the
discharge volume or near it while the electric pulse was switched on.

The radiation spectra and the discharge

currents were registered in the air pressure range 10-150 Torr, apulsed voltage of 25 kV, and an electric current ~1 kA. It is shownthat the electric current duration depends on shock wave position
relative to the discharge gap and does not exceed 500 ns at various
conditions.
Because of discharge energy input, the shock breakdown occurs
with the formation of shock waves and contact surfaces. The
high-speed shadow imaging was used to study the flow evolution
after the discharge pulse. The experimental data on shock waves
and contact surfaces positions is is used to determine the energy
input during the discharge electric current time.

Figure 1. Discharge photoimages and shadow images of the flow field in
the first series of experiments (x = -7 mm, left) and in the second series ofexperiments (x = 8 mm, right). The left side of the marker indicates the edge ofthe discharge volume. Initial shock wave moves from left to right.

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総合科学技術研究所 2018年度 第1回シンポジウム「流体工学に関するトピックス」

ᅇ㌿⇿㎘Ἴࡢヲ⣽ᵓ㐀ࡢゎ᫂୹㔝 ⱥᖾ**Ᏹᐂ⯟✵◊✲㛤Ⓨᶵᵓ ゅ⏣Ᏹᐂࢭࣥࢱ࣮Ⓨ⾲ࡢせ᪨
JAXA ࡣᏳ඲ಖ㞀ไᗘࡢ◊✲ண⟬㸦ᖹᡂ 30 ᖺᗘ㹼32 ᖺᗘ㸧ࢆ⋓ᚓࡋࠊᅇ㌿ࢹࢺࢿ࣮ࢩࣙࣥࡢᇶ♏◊✲ࢆ㛤ጞࡋࡓࠋᮏⓎ⾲࡛ࡣࠊᅇ㌿ࢹࢺࢿ࣮ࢩࣙࣥ⌧㇟࡟኱ࡁ࡞ᙳ㡪ࢆ୚࠼ࡿ≀⌮⌧㇟ࢆゎ᫂ࡍࡿࡓࡵ
ࡢᐇ㦂ࠊᩘ್ࢩ࣑࣮ࣗࣞࢩࣙࣥ࡟ࡼࡿ◊✲ᡭἲࢆ⤂௓ࡋࠊᅇ㌿ࢹࢺࢿ࣮ࢩ࢚ࣙࣥࣥࢪࣥࡢసືࢆỴᐃࡍࡿ≀⌮ࣃ࣓࣮ࣛࢱࡢྠᐃࢆ᭱⤊┠ⓗ࡜ࡋࡓ◊✲ィ⏬ࢆሗ࿌ࡍࡿࠋ

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総合科学技術研究所 2018年度 第1回シンポジウム「流体工学に関するトピックス」

࣮ࣟࢱ࣮ࣜࢹࢺࢿ࣮ࢩࣙࣥࡢ≀⌮࣓࢝ࢽࢬ࣒ࡢゎ᫂
͊

Ỉ᭩⛱἞*

*ᮾᾏ኱Ꮫ ᕤᏛ㒊⯟✵ᏱᐂᏛ⛉⯟✵ᏱᐂᏛᑓᨷ
ᅇ㌿⇿㎘Ἴࡢヲ⣽ᵓ㐀ࢆゎ᫂ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡣ㸪ࡇࢀࢆ฼⏝ࡋࡓ᪂ࡋ࠸⯟✵Ᏹᐂ᥎㐍ᶵ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢᅇ㌿⇿㎘Ἴ࢚ࣥࢪࣥ㸦Rotating Detonation Engine, RDE㸧ࡢᇶ♏◊✲ࡣࡶ࡜ࡼࡾ㸪ᐇ⏝໬◊✲࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡶ㑊ࡅ࡚㏻ࢀ࡞࠸◊✲ㄢ㢟࡛࠶ࡿ㸬୍᪉㸪⡿ᅜ㸪ࣟࢩ࢔㸪࠾ࡼࡧ୰ᅜ࡞࡝㸪ᅜᐙつᶍ࡛ RDE ◊✲࡟ከ኱࡞ண⟬ࢆᢞධࡋ࡚
࠸ࡿㅖእᅜ࡛ࡣ㸪⌧᫬Ⅼ࡛ࡣᕤᏛⓗ࡞ᐇド◊✲࡟㔜Ⅼࡀ࠾࠿ࢀࡿഴྥࡀ࠶ࡾ㸪ᅇ㌿⇿㎘Ἴࡢヲ⣽ᵓ㐀ゎ᫂࡟⮳ࡗࡓୖ࡛㸪ᐇ⏝໬◊✲࡟㐍ᒎࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜ࡣᚲࡎࡋࡶゝ࠼࡞࠸㸬ࡑࡇ࡛ᮏ◊✲ㄢ㢟࡛ࡣ㸪ㅖእᅜࡢ RDEᐇ⏝໬◊✲࡜ࡣ୍⥺ࢆ⏬ࡋࡓ᪥ᮏ⊂⮬ࡢ RDE ◊✲ࡢ♏࡜࡞ࡿࡓࡵ㸪ᅇ㌿⇿㎘Ἴࡢ⏕ᡂ࡜Ⓨ㐩࡟㛵ࡍࡿヲ⣽ᵓ㐀◊✲࡟ྲྀࡾ⤌ࡴᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡓ㸬≉࡟ᙜ◊✲ᐊ࡛ࡣ㸪ᅇ㌿⇿㎘Ἴࡢヲ⣽࡞≀⌮࣓࢝ࢽࢬ࣒ゎ᫂ࡀ㔜せㄢ㢟࡜ㄆ㆑ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ᮏⓎ⾲࡛ࡣ㸪ᙜ◊✲ᐊࡀ㐍ࡵ࡚࠸ࡿ≀⌮࣓࢝ࢽࢬ࣒ゎ᫂ࡢࡓࡵࡢィᡭἲࡢ࠺ࡕ㸪ᐃ㔞ⓗ࡞ྍど໬ィᡭἲ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡑࡢᴫせࢆ♧ࡍ㸬ὶయࡢගᏛⓗྍど໬ィἲ࡛ࡣ㸪୍⯡࡟ࣔࣀࢡࣟ⏬ീ࡛࠶ࡾ㸪ᚓࡽࢀࡿ⏬ീࡢ⃰ῐࡀ♧ࡍ≀⌮㔞࡟ࡼࡾ㸪ᙳ෗┿ἲ㸪ࢩ࣮ࣗࣜࣞࣥἲ㸪࠾ࡼࡧᖸ΅ィἲ࡟኱ูࡉࢀࡿ㸬ࡇࡢ࠺ࡕᖸ΅ィἲ࡛ࡣ㸪ὶࢀሙࡢᐦᗘศᕸࡢ
࠺ࡕ㸪ග㍈᪉ྥ࡟✚ศࡉࢀࡓ㔞࡟ẚ౛ࡋࡓ⏬ീࡀᚓࡽࢀࡿ㸬ᑐ㇟࡜ࡍࡿὶࢀሙࡀ 2 ḟඖ㸪࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣ㍈ᑐ⛠⌧㇟࡛࠶ࢀࡤ㸪ᐜ᫆࡟ὶࢀሙࡢᵓ㐀ࡀホ౯࡛ࡁ㸪ᩘ್ὶయゎᯒ㸦Computational Fluid Dynamics㸪CFD㸧࡜ࡢᑐẚࡀ┤᥋ྍ⬟࡞ᐇ㦂⏬ീࡀᚓࡽࢀࡿ㸬ᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣ㸪ᖸ΅ィἲࡢ࠺ࡕ㸪Ⅼᅇᢡᖸ΅ィἲ㸦Point Diffraction
Interferometry, PDI㸧ࢆᇶ┙࡜ࡋࡓᡭἲࢆ☜❧ࡉࡏ㸪ᅇ㌿⇿㎘Ἴࡢヲ⣽ྍど໬ィᡭἲ࡜ྠ᫬࡟㸪ྠ᫬୪⾜࡛☜❧ࡉࡏࡿ᪂ࡋ࠸ CFD ᡭἲࡢホ౯᪉ἲ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢᙺ๭ࢆ᭷ࡍࡿ㸬
ᅗ࡟Ⅼᅇᢡᖸ΅ィἲ࡟ࡼࡿᅇ㌿⇿㎘Ἴィ΅㊥㞳ࡢ኱ࡁ࡞ගࢆ

ࡢᴫᛕࢆ♧ࡍ㸬୍⯡࡟ᖸ΅ィ࡛ࡣ㸪ྠ୍ග※࠿ࡽⓎࡋࡓྍᖸᐃ㒊┤๓࡛ 2 ศᒱࡉࡏ㸪ィ㒊ࢆ㏻㐣ࡉࡏࡿ≀యග࡜ᐃ㒊ࢆ㏻㐣ࡉࡏ࡞࠸ࡶࡢ

ࡢ㸪≀యග࡜ྠ୍ࡢගᏛⓗ㊥㞳ࢆ୚࠼ࡿཧ↷ග࡜ࡍࡿ㸬≀యග࡜ཧ↷ගࢆ⏬ീグ㘓⣲Ꮚୖ࡛෌ᗘ㔜ࡡྜࢃࡏࡿࡇ࡜࡛㸪ᖸ΅⦤ศᕸࢆᚓࡿ㸬୍᪉㸪PDI ࡣ㸪 ᐃ㒊๓࡛≀యග࡜ཧ↷ග࡟ศᒱࡉࡏࡿࡇ࡜࡞ࡃගࢆ㏻
㐣ࡉࡏ㸪 ᐃ㒊㏻㐣ᚋ࡟ࣆ࣮ࣥ࣍ࣝ࡟㏻㐣ࡉࡏࡿࡇ࡜࡛ᖸ΅⦤ࡀᚓࡽࢀࡿࡓࡵ㸪⊃ᑠ࡞

ᐃ㒊࡛ࡢィ

࡟

ዲ㒔ྜ࡞ᡭἲ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬඲ᅛయບ㉳࣮ࣞࢨ DPSSL ࠿ࡽⓎࡏࡽࢀࡓගࡣ㸪ᖹ㠃㙾 PM ࡜✵㛫ࣇ࢕ࣝࢱ SF ࡟ࡼࡾᣑ኱ࡉࢀࢩ࣮ࣗࣜࣞࣥ㙾 SM ࡛ᖹ⾜ග࡜࡞ࡿ㸬ほ
Ἴࡢ㏻㐣࡜ྠᮇࡉࡏࡿ㸬❆ࡀタ⨨ࡉࢀࡓᅇ㌿⇿㎘࢚ࣥࢪࣥ RDE ෆ㒊ࢆ⇿㎘ᐃ㒊ࢆ㏻㐣ࡋࡓᚋ㸪ᖹ㠃㙾 PM㸪ࢩ࣮ࣗࣜࣞࣥ㙾 SM ࡛㞟ගࡉࢀ㸪⊃ᖏᇦࣇ࢕ࣝࢱ BPF ࡛୙せ࡞⇞↝࡟࡜ࡶ࡞ࡿࡌࡻ࠺஘ගࢆ㝖ཤࡋ㸪ࣆ࣮ࣥ࣍ࣝ Pinhole ࡟࡚⌫㠃ἼࢆⓎ⏕ࡉࡏࡿࡇ࡜࡛ᖸ΅⦤ศᕸࢆⓎ⏕ࡉࡏࡿ㸬⏬ീグ㘓ࡣ㸪㧗㏿ᗘࣅࢹ࣓࢜࢝ࣛ High-speed camera ࡛グ㘓ࡍࡿ㸬ᮏⓎ⾲࡛ࡣ㸪ୖグࡢ PDI ィ࡟㛵ࡍࡿཎ⌮࡜ィ⏬࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ヲㄝࡍࡿ㸬Fig. A schematic diagram of quantitative visualization of rotating detonation wave with point diffraction interferometry.

21

総合科学技術研究所 2018年度 第1回シンポジウム「流体工学に関するトピックス」

ᴟ㉸㡢㏿㣕⾜࡟ྥࡅࡓࠊὶయ࣭⇞↝ࡢᇶ♏ⓗ◊✲
͊

ᒣ⏣๛἞*

*ᮾᾏ኱Ꮫ ᕤᏛ㒊 ᶵᲔᕤᏛ⛉Ⓨ⾲ࡢせ᪨⌧ᅾᏱᐂ㍺㏦ࡢᡭẁ࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊ౑࠸ษࡾࣟࢣࢵࢺࡀᗈࡃ⏝࠸ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ㐣ཤ࡟ࡣ㒊ศ෌౑⏝ᆺࡢࢫ࣮࣌ࢫࢩࣕࢺࣝࡀ㐠⏝ࡉࢀࠊᑗ᮶ⓗ࡟ࡣ᏶඲෌౑⏝ᆺᏱᐂ㍺㏦ᶵࡢせ⣲ᢏ⾡ࡀ☜❧ࡋࡓ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡓࠋࡋ࠿ࡋ࡞ࡀࡽࠊ㧗㢠࡞㐠⏝ࢥࢫࢺࡸᏳ඲ᛶࡢၥ㢟࡞࡝࡟ࡼࡾࢫ࣮࣌ࢫࢩࣕࢺࣝࡣ㏥ᙺࡋࠊࣟ
ࢣࢵࢺࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ㍺㏦᪉ἲ࡬࡜ᅇᖐࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ⌧ᅾࠊୡ⏺ⓗ࡟ࡶᵝࠎ࡞ᝨᫍ᥈ᰝ࣑ࢵࢩࣙࣥࡀィ⏬ࡉࢀ◊✲㛤Ⓨࡀ⾜ࢃࢀ࡚࠾ࡾࠊ௒ᚋࡲࡍࡲࡍᏱᐂ฼⏝࡬ࡢᶵ㐠ࡀ㧗ࡲࡿࡇ࡜ࡀᮇᚅࡉࢀࡿࠋࡇࡢࡼ࠺
࡞⫼ᬒ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࠊ㧗㢖ᗘ࠿ࡘపࢥࢫࢺ࡛ᡴࡕୖࡆྍ⬟࡞෌౑⏝Ᏹᐂ㍺㏦ᶵࡢ㛤Ⓨࡀᮃࡲࢀ࡚࠾ࡾࠊ
ୡ⏺ྛᅜ࡛ᐇ⏝໬࡟ྥࡅࡓ◊✲㛤Ⓨࡀ⾜ࢃࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞ᴟ㉸㡢㏿㡿ᇦ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ࢚ࣥࢪࣥཬ
ࡧᶵయࡢᢏ⾡㛤Ⓨ࡛ࡣࠊ㣕⾜ヨ㦂ࡢᐇ᪋ࡣࢥࢫࢺࡀ㧗ࡃࠊࡲࡓィ ࡸヨ㦂᮲௳➼࡟㛵ࡍࡿᵝࠎ࡞ไ⣙ࡀ࠶ࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࠊ⌧ᅾࠊᩘ್ὶయຊᏛ㸦㹁㹄㹂㸧࡜ࠊᆅୖタഛࢆ౑ࡗࡓ㢼Ὕヨ㦂ࡀᗈࡃ◊✲࡟฼⏝ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡑࡋ࡚㹁㹄㹂࡜㢼Ὕヨ㦂ࡢ⤌ࡳྜࢃࡏ࡟ࡼࡾࠊ஦๓ࠊ஦ᚋཬࡧ⿵᏶ⓗ࡞ゎᯒࢆᐇ᪋ࡍ
ࡿࡇ࡜࡛ࠊ㣕⾜ヨ㦂ᅇᩘࢆῶࡽࡋ࡚ࢥࢫࢺࢆ኱ᖜ࡟๐ῶ࡛ࡁࡿࡇ࡜ࡀᮇᚅ࡛ࡁࡿࠋࡋ࠿ࡋ࡞ࡀࡽࠊ
ᴟ㉸㡢㏿㣕⾜᮲௳࡜ྠࡌ⎔ቃࢆᆅୖタഛ࡛෌⌧ࡍࡿୖ࡛ࡢၥ㢟ࡀ࠶ࡿࠋ≉࡟࢚ࣥࢪࣥࡸ⇕㜵ᚚ࡟㛵ࡍࡿᐇ㦂࡛ࡣࠊ✵Ẽὶ࡟㣕⾜᮲௳࡜ྠࡌ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ࢆ୚࠼࡞࠸࡜ࠊ⇞↝⌧㇟ࡸ⇕ఏ㐩⌧㇟ࡀᐇ㣕⾜࡜␗࡞ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀண᝿ࡉࢀࡿࠋ✵Ẽὶ࡟࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ࢆ୚࠼ࡿ᪉ἲ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡣࠊ⵳⇕≀࡜ࡢ⇕஺᥮ᘧࠊᐤ
␃୰࡛⇞ᩱࢆ⇞ࡸࡍ⇞↝ຍ⇕ᘧࠊ࢔࣮ࢡ➼ࡢᨺ㟁ຍ⇕ᘧཬࡧ⾪ᧁἼ࡟ࡼࡿᅽ⦰ຍ⇕ᘧ࡞࡝࠸ࡃࡘ࠿
Ꮡᅾࡍࡿࡀࠊ⇕஺᥮ᘧࡣ᪼ ⬟ຊࡀ୙༑ศ࡛࠶ࡾࠊ⾪ᧁἼ࡟ࡼࡿᅽ⦰ຍ⇕ᘧࡣヨ㦂᫬㛫ࡀ▷࠸ࡓࡵ࡟⇕㜵ᚚ࡟㛵ࡍࡿᐇ㦂࡞࡝࡟㐺ࡉ࡞࠸ࠋ ࡑࡇ࡛⇞↝ຍ⇕ᘧࡸẚ㍑ⓗᡭ㍍࡟つᶍࡢ኱ࡁ࠸タഛ࡟㐺⏝࡛ࡁࡿ᪉ἲ࡛࠶ࡾࠊᅜෆእࡢከࡃࡢ྿
ࡁฟࡋᘧ࢚ࣥࢪࣥヨ㦂タഛ࡛⏝࠸ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡋ࠿ࡋ࡞ࡀࡽࠊᐇ㝿ࡢẼὶ࡟ࡣྵࡲࢀ࡞࠸ᡂศ㸦Ỉศ㸧ࡀධࡾ㎸ࡳࠊẼὶࡢ≀ᛶࢆኚ໬ࡉࡏ࡚✵ẼຊᏛⓗ࡞ᙳ㡪ࢆࡶࡓࡽࡍ௚ࠊ໬Ꮫ཯ᛂࡢኚ໬ࢆ௓ࡋ
࡚⇞↝⌧㇟࡟ᙳ㡪ࢆཬࡰࡍࡇ࡜ࡀࡇࢀࡲ࡛ࡢ◊✲࡛᫂ࡽ࠿࡟࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡲࡓ㢼Ὕෆ࡛⏕ᡂࡉࢀࡿẼὶࡣࠊ」㞧࡞ὶ㊰ࢆ㏻㐣ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࠿ࡽࠊ୙ᆒ୍ᛶࡸ஘ࢀࡀ✵Ẽὶ࡟ྵࡲࢀ࡚ࠊ≀య࿘ࡾࡢὶࢀࡸ
⇕ఏ㐩࡟ᙳ㡪ࢆࡶࡓࡽࡍ௚ࠊ✵Ẽ࡜⇞↝ࡢΰྜࡢኚ໬ࢆ௓ࡋ࡚⇞↝⌧㇟࡟ᙳ㡪ࡍࡿྍ⬟ᛶࡶ࠶ࡿࠋ
⇕ࡢၥ㢟࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ࡣࠊ㢼Ὕቨ㠃࠿ࡽࡢ㍽ᑕ࡟ࡼࡿ㐣๫࡞ຍ⇕ࡢྍ⬟ᛶࡶ࠶ࡿࠋࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡟ᐇ㣕⾜⎔ቃ࡛ࡣ⏕ࡌ࡞࠸ࠊ㢼Ὕ≉᭷ࡢ᮲௳࡟ࡼࡿ≀⌮⌧㇟࡬ࡢᙳ㡪ࢆࠕ㢼Ὕ౫Ꮡᛶࠖ࡜⛠ࡍࡿࠋࡇࡢ㢼Ὕ౫Ꮡᛶࡢᙳ㡪ࢆぢ✚ࡶࡿᡭἲࢆᵓ⠏࡛ࡁࢀࡤࠊᆅୖヨ㦂࠿ࡽᐇ㣕⾜⎔ቃࢆ㧗⢭ᗘ࡟ண ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀྍ
⬟࡜࡞ࡾࠊ࢚ࣥࢪࣥࡸᶵయタィ᫬ࡢࢥࢫࢺࢆ኱ᖜ࡟๐ῶࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀྍ⬟࡜࡞ࡿࠋ ᮏ◊✲ㄢ㢟࡛ࡣࠊᑗ᮶ࡢᴟ㉸㡢㏿㣕⾜ࢆᨭ࠼ࡿᇶ┙ᢏ⾡ࡢྥୖࢆ┠ⓗ࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊ㣕⾜≧ែࢆᶍᨃࡋ
ࡓ㢼Ὕ࡛ࡢࢹ࣮ࢱྲྀᚓࢆ⾜࠸ࠊᴟ㉸㡢㏿㡿ᇦ࡛⏕ࡌࡿὶయࠊ཯ᛂࠊ⇕㍺㏦➼ࡢ≀⌮⌧㇟ࡢ⌮ゎࢆ㐍ࡵ࡚ࠊ㢼Ὕ౫Ꮡᛶࢆホ౯ࡍࡿᡭἲࢆᵓ⠏ࡍࡿ㸦ᩘ್ゎᯒࢶ࣮ࣝࡢᵓ⠏㸧ࠋ≉࡟ࠊᮏㄢ㢟࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡣࠊ
ࠕ࢚ࣥࢪࣥ⇞↝ࠖ࡜ࠕ✵ຊຍ⇕ࠖࡢ஧ࡘࡢ⌧㇟࡟ⓗࢆ⤠ࡗ࡚◊✲ࢆᐇ᪋ࡍࡿࠋ᭱⤊ⓗ࡟ࠊ㣕⾜ヨ㦂ࢆᐇ᪋ࡋ࡚ᐇ㣕⾜⎔ቃ࡛ࡢࢹ࣮ࢱྲྀᚓࢆ⾜࠸ࠊホ౯ᡭἲࡢ᳨ドࢆ⾜࠺ࠋ ᮏ◊✲ㄢ㢟ࡢ୰࡛ࠊᮾᾏ኱Ꮫ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡣࠊ✵ຊຍ⇕⌧㇟࡟࠾࠸࡚㢼Ὕ౫Ꮡᛶࢆホ౯ࡍࡿᩘ್ゎᯒࢶ࣮ࣝࡢᵓ⠏ࢆᢸᙜࡍࡿࠋᴟ㉸㡢㏿㢼Ὕ࡟ࡼࡾࠊ༢⣧ᙧ≧ࡢ㣕⩧యᶍᆺ࿘ࡾࡢὶࢀሙࡢ≉ᛶࠊຍ⇕⋡ィ ࠊ⪏⇕ᛶヨ㦂࡞࡝ࢆᐇ᪋ࡍࡿࠋࡲࡓᩘ್ゎᯒࡢࢶ࣮ࣝ࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊ᭱ึ࡟ὶࢀሙ࡜≀యෆ㒊⇕ఏᑟࢆ⪃៖ࡋࡓ㐃ᡂゎᯒࢶ࣮ࣝࢆ࣮࣋ࢫ࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊ㢼Ὕෆ࡛⏕ᡂࡉࢀࡿẼὶ஘ࢀࡸ୙⣧≀ΰධ࡞࡝ࡢᙳ㡪ࢆࣔࢹࣝ໬ࡋ࡚㐃ᡂゎᯒࢶ࣮ࣝ࡟⤌ࡳ⤌ࡳ㎸ࡴࠋ௨ୖࡢྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳ࡟ࡼࡾࠊ㢼Ὕ౫Ꮡᛶࢆ⪃៖ࡋࡓ✵ຊຍ⇕⋡ࢆ㧗⢭ᗘ࡛ண ࡍࡿᩘ್ゎᯒࢶ࣮ࣝࡢᵓ⠏ࢆ┠ᣦࡍࠋ

22

総合科学技術研究所 2018年度 第1回シンポジウム「流体工学に関するトピックス」㉸㡢㏿ὶ୰࡟࠾ࡅࡿพ≧≀యࡢ㧗⢭ᗘᩘ್ィ⟬㸦㟼Ṇ᫬࡟࠾ࡅࡿᨐ஘ࡢᙳ㡪㸪ཬࡧ㐠ືᗙᶆἲ࡟ࡼࡿ㐠ື≉ᛶࡢᤕ⋓㸧
͊

㧗಴ⴥᏊ*

*ᮾᾏ኱Ꮫ ᕤᏛ㒊 ືຊᶵᲔᕤᏛ⛉Ⓨ⾲ࡢせ᪨ᝨᫍ᥈ᰝᶵࡢ኱Ẽᅪ෌✺ධ᫬࡟࠾ࡅࡿ✵ຊⓗῶ㏿ᡭẁ࡜ࡋ࡚㸪ࣃࣛࢩ࣮ࣗࢺࡣ኱ࡁ࡞ᢠຊࢆ☜ᐇ࡟ᚓࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁ㸪㍍㔞࠿ࡘࢥࣥࣃࢡࢺ࡟཰⣡ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀྍ⬟࡛࠶ࡿࡓࡵ㸪ከࡃ⏝࠸ࡽࢀ࡚ࡁࡓࠋࡋ࠿ࡋ࡞
ࡀࡽ㸪ࡑࡢ✵ຊ≉ᛶ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣ㸪ࣃࣛࢩ࣮ࣗࢺࡢྍᧉᛶࡸ㸪⾪ᧁἼ㸪㸪㡢Ἴ࡜ࡢᖸ΅࡟ࡼࡿὶࢀࡢ」㞧ᛶࡢࡓࡵ࡟㸪᫂ࡽ࠿࡟࡞ࡗ࡚࠸࡞࠸Ⅼࡶከ࠸ࠋᐇ㦂◊✲࡛ࡣ㸪㞳⬺⾪ᧁἼࡀ㠀ᑐ⛠᣺ືࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀሗ
࿌ࡉࢀ㸪⾪ᧁἼࡢᅇ㌿᣺ືࡀ♧၀ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
ࡇࡇ࡛ࡣ≀యࡲࢃࡾࡢὶࢀࡢᇶ♏⌧㇟ࢆᤕ࠼ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ୺║࡜ࡍࡿࡓࡵ㸪ࣃࣛࢩ࣮ࣗࢺࢆ▴ᙧพ≧ࡢ๛యࡢ༢⣧ᙧ≧࡛ᶍᨃࡋ㸪ୗグ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ㄪ࡭ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ┠ⓗ࡜ࡍࡿࠋϨ㸧≀యᅛᐃࡢᐇ㦂◊✲≧ἣࢆ᝿ᐃ㸸 ≀య㟼Ṇ᫬࡟࠾࠸࡚ὶࢀ࡟ 2 ✀㢮ࡢᨐ஘せ⣲㸦ὶධ࣐ࢵࣁᩘࡢ
᣺ື࡜⫼ᅽࡢ㧗ప㸧ࢆ୚࠼ࡓ࡜ࡁ㸪ࢫࢸ࢕ࣥࢢࡢ᭷↓࡟ࡼࡿὶయ᣺ືࡢ┦㐪ࢆ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟ࡍࡿࠋ
ϩ㸧ᐇ㝿ࡢࣃࣛࢩ࣮ࣗࢺࡢ㐠ືࢆ᝿ᐃ㸸 㐠ືᗙᶆἲࢆᥦ᱌ࡋ㸪พ≧≀యࡢ⮬ບ᣺ືࡢ≉ᛶࢆ♧ࡍࠋϨ㸧࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ࡣ㸪ὶධ࣐ࢵࣁᩘࡢᨐ஘࡜ࡋ࡚୺ὶ࣐ࢵࣁᩘࡢ 8%ࡢ᣺ᖜࡢ᣺ືࢆ୚࠼㸪⫼ᅽࡢᨐ஘࡜ࡋ࡚
ὶฟቃ⏺࡟࠾ࡅࡿள㡢㏿ὶฟ᫬ࡢᅽຊࢆ㸦ࡑࡢୖὶഃࡢᅽຊ࡟ẚ࡭࡚㧗࠸್ࡸప࠸್࡛㸧୚࠼㸪ὶࢀ࡟࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡞ᙳ㡪ࡀཬࡪ࠿ࢆㄪ࡭ࡓࠋ
୺ὶ࣐ࢵࣁᩘ 2 ࡛⫼ᅽ࡜ࡋ࡚ὶධഃ࡜ྠࡌᅽຊࢆ୚࠼ࡓሙྜ㸪ࢫࢸ࢕ࣥࢢ↓ࡢሙྜࡣ࡯ࡰ㉸㡢㏿ὶฟ࡜࡞ࡿࡓࡵ⫼ᅽࡢᙳ㡪ࢆཷࡅࡎ㸪ᥭຊ᣺ືࡣᑠࡉࡃ㞳⬺⾪ᧁἼࡢ఩⨨ࡣኚࢃࡽ࡞࠸ࠋࡋ࠿ࡋ࡞ࡀࡽࢫࢸ
࢕ࣥࢢ᭷࡜ࡍࡿ࡜㸪ࢫࢸ࢕ࣥࢢୖࡢቃ⏺ᒙෆࡢள㡢㏿㡿ᇦ࠿ࡽ⫼ᅽࡢᙳ㡪ࡀ⌧ࢀࡿࠋ୚࠼ࡓ⫼ᅽࡢ࡯࠺ࡀࡑࡢୖὶഃࡢᅽຊࡼࡾࡶ㧗ࡃ࡞ࡿࡓࡵὶฟഃ࠿ࡽ㏫ὶࡀ⏕ࡌ㸪ὶࢀሙࡀୖୗ࡛஺஫࡟᣺ືࡍࡿࡓࡵ≀యࡢᥭຊ᣺ືࡢ᣺ᖜ࡜࿘ᮇࡀ኱ࡁࡃ࡞ࡿ࡜࡜ࡶ࡟㞳⬺⾪ᧁἼ఩⨨ࡶࡸࡸ᣺ືࡍࡿࠋࢫࢸ࢕ࣥࢢ᭷࡛⫼ᅽࢆపࡃࡍࡿ࡜㸪ὶࢀሙࡢୖୗ஺஫ࡢ኱ࡁ࡞᣺ືࡣ࡞ࡃ࡞ࡿࠋ࡞࠾㸪࣐ࢵࣁᩘᨐ஘ࢆຍ࠼ࡿ࡜㸪࡝ࡢሙྜ࡛ࡶ⾪ᧁἼ఩⨨ࡣࡑࡢ࿘ᮇ࡛᣺ືࡍࡿࠋ୺ὶ࣐ࢵࣁᩘ 3 ࡢሙྜࡶྠᵝࡢഴྥࡀ⌧ࢀࡓࠋϩ㸧࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ࡣ㸪័ᛶ⣔࡟ᑐࡋຍ㏿ᗘࢆᣢࡗ࡚㐠ືࡍࡿᗙᶆ⣔࠿ࡽὶࢀሙࢆほᐹࡍࡿ᪉ἲࢆᥦ᱌ࡋ㸪㐠ືᗙᶆἲ࡜ྡ௜ࡅࡓࠋ㐠ືᗙᶆ⣔࡟࠾ࡅࡿ㐃⥆ࡢᘧ࡜㐠ື᪉⛬ᘧࡣ᪤▱࡛࠶ࡿࡀ㸪࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ᘧࢆ୍
⯡ⓗ࡟ᑟ࠸ࡓ⤖ᯝ㸪㐠ືᗙᶆ⣔࡛ࡣ㏻ᖖࡢὶయຊᏛࡢ᪉⛬ᘧ࡟⏕ᡂ㡯ࡀຍࢃࡿᙧ࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ♧ࡉࢀࡓࠋࡲࡓ㸪័ᛶ⣔࡜㐠ືᗙᶆ⣔࡜ࡢ㛫ࡢ㐠ື㔞࡜࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ࡢኚ᥮ᘧࢆ♧ࡋࡓࠋὶయຊ࡟ࡼࡾ≀యࡣᐃⅬࡲࢃࡾ࡟ᅇ㌿᣺ືࡍࡿࠋࡇࢀࢆ≀య࡟ᅛᐃࡋࡓ㐠ືᗙᶆ⣔࠿ࡽぢࡿ࡜㸪≀యࡣ㟼Ṇࡋ࡚࠾ࡾ㸪ὶయ࡟ࡣ័
ᛶ⣔࡜ࡣูࡢຊࡀຍࢃࡿࡇ࡜࡟࡞ࡿࠋ㐠ືᗙᶆἲ࡟ࡼࡾὶࢀሙࢆゎࡁ㸪័ᛶ⣔࡟࠾ࡅࡿ㔞࡟ኚ᥮ࡍࡿ࡜㸪พ≧≀యࡢ⮬ບ᣺ືࡀᤕ࠼ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀࢃ࠿ࡾ㸪ࡑࡢ≉ᛶࢆゎᯒࡋࡓࠋ23

総合科学技術研究所 2018年度 第1回シンポジウム「流体工学に関するトピックス」⮬ື㌴ࡢ࢚ࣥࢪࣥ෭༷㢼࡟ࡼࡿ✵ẼຊᏛⓗᝏᙳ㡪ࡢపῶ͊⃝ཱྀ ᣅே*㸪㧗಴ ⴥᏊ***ᮾᾏ኱Ꮫ኱Ꮫ㝔ᕤᏛ◊✲⛉ᶵᲔᕤᏛᑓᨷ㸪**ᮾᾏ኱ᏛᕤᏛ㒊ືຊᶵᲔᕤᏛ⛉
Ⓨ⾲ࡢせ᪨
㏆ᖺࠊᆅ⌫

ᬮ໬ࡸ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ၥ㢟ࡢ῝้໬ࢆཷࡅ⮬ື㌴ࡢప⇞㈝໬ࡀ㔜せ࡞ㄢ㢟࡜࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ✵Ẽ᢬ᢠࡣ⮬ື㌴ࡢ⇞㈝ᛶ⬟࡟኱ࡁ࡞ᙳ㡪ࢆ୚࠼࡚࠾ࡾࠊࡑࡢ๐ῶࡣ㔜せ࡞ㄢ㢟࡛࠶ࡿ࡜࠸࠼ࡿࠋ⮬ື㌴ࡢ✵Ẽ᢬ᢠࡢ⣙ 75%ࡣ㌴యࡢᙧ≧࡟ࡼࡿࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࡀࠊ⮬ື㌴ࡀ࢚ࣥࢪࣥࡸ✵ㄪ⏝෭፹ࢆ෭༷ࡍࡿࡓࡵࠊ
⮬ື㌴ࡢෆ㒊࡟✵Ẽࢆྲྀࡾධࢀࡿࡇ࡜࡛Ⓨ⏕ࡍࡿ᢬ᢠࢆෆ㒊ὶ᢬ᢠ࡜ゝ࠸ࠊ඲✵Ẽ᢬ᢠࡢ⣙ 10%ࢆ༨ࡵ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜࠸ࢃࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ㏆ᖺ࡛ࡣ⮬ື㌴ࡢᙧ≧ࡀ኱ᖜ࡟ᨵၿࡉࢀࠊࡉࡽ࡞ࡿ✵Ẽ᢬ᢠపῶࡢࡓࡵ࡟ෆ㒊ὶ᢬ᢠ࡟ࡶὀ┠ࡀ㞟ࡵࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊᙜ◊✲ᐊ࡛ࡶ⾜ࢃࢀ࡚࠸ࡿᶓ㢼Ᏻᐃᛶࡢྥୖࡢ◊✲ࡢࡼ࠺࡟ࠊ
⮬ື㌴ࡢෆ㒊࡟✵Ẽࢆྲྀࡾධࢀ᤼ฟࡍࡿࡲ࡛ࡢὶࢀࢆ㐺ษ࡟ࢥࣥࢺ࣮ࣟࣝࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡛ࠊ⮬ື㌴ࡢ᧯⦪Ᏻᐃᛶࢆྥୖࡉࡏࡿࡇ࡜ࡶᮇᚅ࡛ࡁࡿࠋࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡟⮬ື㌴ࡢෆ㒊ࡢ✵Ẽὶࢀࢆ◊✲ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡾࠊᏳ඲
࠿ࡘᣢ⥆ྍ⬟࡞⮬ື㌴♫఍࡙ࡃࡾ࡟㈉⊩ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀฟ᮶ࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡿࠋ ᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣ⮬ື㌴ࡢ࢚ࣥࢪࣥ෭༷㢼࡟ࡼࡿ✵ẼຊᏛⓗᝏᙳ㡪ࡢపῶࢆ┠ⓗ࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊ࢚ࣥࢪ࣮࣒ࣥࣝࢆ
⡆᫆ⓗ࡟෌⌧ࡋࡓ 1/5 ࢫࢣ࣮ࣝᶍᆺࡢ࢚ࣥࢪ࣮࣒ࣥࣝ෭༷㢼ྲྀࡾධࢀཱྀࡢ㛤ཱྀ㒊㠃✚ࢆኚ໬ࡉࡏࡿࡇ࡜
࡟ࡼࡾᢠຊࠊᥭຊ࡟ኚ໬ࢆ㉳ࡇࡋࠊࡑࡢཎᅉࢆ㏣✲ࡍࡿࠋᶍᆺࡣ㛤ཱྀ㒊⦪ᖜࢆ 0mm㹼100mm ࡲ࡛ 20mm
࡙ࡘ 6 ẁ㝵࡛ኚ໬ࡉࡏࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࠊᅜ⏘஌⏝㌴࡛௦⾲ⓗ࡞⦪⨨ࡁ࡜ᶓ⨨ࡁࡢ 2 ࡘࡢ࢚ࣥࢪࣥᦚ㍕᪉ᘧࢆ෌⌧ࡋࡓࠋࡲࡓࠊࣛࢪ࢚࣮ࢱࡣᐇ㌴⏝ࣛࢪ࢚࣮ࢱ࠿ࡽ CP ್ࢆィࡋࠊྠࡌ CP ್ࢆᣢࡘᶍᆺ⏝ࣛࢪ࢚࣮ࢱࢆసᡂࡋࡓࠋ࢚ࣥࢪ࣮࣒ࣥࣝእ⿦ࡣ↮ἲ࡟ࡼࡿྍど໬ࡢࡓࡵ࢔ࢡ࡛ࣜࣝసᡂࡋࡓࠋ ᐇ㦂ࡢ⤖ᯝࠊ⮬ື㌴ࡢ࢚ࣥࢪ࣮࣒ࣥࣝ෭༷㢼࡟ࡼࡿ✵Ẽ᢬ᢠࡢኚ໬ࢆḟࡢࡼ࠺࡟⪃ᐹࡋࡓࠋ෭༷㢼㔞ቑຍࡀ࢚ࣥࢪ࣮࣒ࣥࣝෆ㒊࡛ࡢᅽຊቑຍࢆࡶࡓࡽࡋࠊࡑࡢᙳ㡪ࢆཷࡅ࡚⮬ື㌴๓㠃࡛ࡢᅽຊࡀቑຍࡍࡿ
࡜࡜ࡶ࡟࢚ࣥࢪ࣮࣒ࣥࣝ࠿ࡽᗋୗ࡬ࡢᤲẼὶ㔞ࡀቑຍࡋࠊ㌴యୗ㠃๓᪉࠿ࡽ᮶ࡿᗋୗὶࢀ࡜ࡢྜὶ࡟ࡼ
ࡾᗋୗὶࢀࡢ஘ࢀࡀ⏕ࡌ࡚ᗋୗὶࢀࢆ㏻ࡾ࡟ࡃࡃࡍࡿࡓࡵࠊࡑࢀࡼࡾ๓᪉࡛ࡣᗋୗὶ㏿ࡀపୗࡋ࡚ᅽຊ
ࡀቑຍࡍࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࠊ㌴య๓㠃࡛ࡢᅽຊቑຍ࡜㐺ྜࡍࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊᥭຊ࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ࡣ࢚ࣥࢪ࣮࣒ࣥࣝෆ㒊ࡢὶࢀࡢᗋୗ࡬ࡢᤲẼࡀᙳ㡪ࢆ୚࠼࡚࠸ࡿ࡜⪃ᐹࡋࡓࠋ ࡇࢀࡽࡢ⪃ᐹࡼࡾࡇࢀࡲ࡛ᗋୗ࡟ᤲẼࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡓὶࢀࢆ࣎ࣥࢿࢵࢺࡸࢧ࢖ࢻࢪ࢙ࢵࢺ࡜ࡋ࡚ά⏝ࡋࠊᗋୗὶࢀ࡜ࡢᖸ΅ࢆ࡛ࡁࡿࡔࡅ㑊ࡅࠊ࢚ࣥࢪ࣮࣒ࣥࣝෆ㒊ࡸᗋୗὶࢆࢫ࣒࣮ࢬ࡟ࡋࠊ࢚ࣥࢪ࣮࣒ࣥࣝෆ
㒊࡛ࡢᅽຊୖ᪼ࢆᢚ࠼ࡿࡇ࡜࡛ᢠຊࢆపῶ࡛ࡁࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡿࠋࡉࡽ࡟࢚ࣥࢪ࣮࣒ࣥࣝෆ㒊࡛ࡢᗋୗὶࢀࢆ
๐ῶࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡛ᥭຊࡶྠ᫬࡟పῶࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡶ࡛ࡁࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡿࠋ◊✲ᐊ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ㢼Ὕ㌴㍢⌜⤂௓㧗಴◊✲ᐊ㢼Ὕ㌴㍢⌜࡛ࡣࠊ⮬ື㌴ࠊ㕲㐨࡞࡝ࡢ㍺㏦ᶵჾ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ࢚࢔ࣟࢲ࢖ࢼ࣑ࢵࢡࢫࡢᑓ㛛㞟ᅋ࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊቃ⏺ᒙ྾࠸㎸ࡳ⿦⨨௜ࡁ࣒࣮ࣅࣥࢢ࣋ࣝࢺࢆࡣࡌࡵࠊከᩘࡢὶయィᶵჾࢆά⏝ࡋࠊᐇ㦂ⓗ࡞ᡭἲࢆ⏝࠸࡚࢚࢔ࣟࢲ࢖ࢼ࣑ࢵࢡࢫࡢࡉࡽ࡞ࡿⓎᒎࡢࡓࡵ◊✲ࢆ⾜ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ㏆ᖺ࡛ࡣ⮬ື㌴ࡢᙧ≧࡟ࡼࡿᢠຊ࠾ࡼࡧᥭຊࡢపῶࠊᶓ㢼Ᏻᐃᛶࡢᨵၿࠊ࢚ࣥࢪ࣮࣒ࣥࣝෆ㒊ὶࢀࡀ✵ຊ≉ᛶ࡟ཬࡰࡍᙳ㡪࡞࡝࡟ࡘ࠸࡚◊✲ࢆ⾜࠸ࠊࡑࡢᡂᯝࢆᅜ㝿఍㆟ FULCOME ࡸᶵᲔᏛ఍࡞࡝࡛Ⓨ⾲ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ

24

総合科学技術研究所 2018年度 第1回シンポジウム「流体工学に関するトピックス」

ᇙࡵ㎸ࡳቃ⏺ἲࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ⢏Ꮚࢆక࠺㞀ᐖ≀࿘ࡾࡢᅛᾮΰ┦ὶゎᯒ͊ಖᆏ ⾨*㸪㧗ᶫ ಇ**㸪⚟⏣ ⣫኱****ᮾᾏ኱Ꮫ ኱Ꮫ㝔 ᕤᏛ◊✲⛉ ᶵᲔᕤᏛᑓᨷ,**ᮾᾏ኱Ꮫ ᕤᏛ㒊 ືຊᶵᲔᕤᏛ⛉,***ᮾᾏ኱Ꮫ ᕤᏛ㒊 ⯟✵ᏱᐂᏛ⛉Ⓨ⾲ࡢせ᪨WHO ࡣୡ⏺ࡢ඲Ṛஸせᅉࡢ⣙ 3 ศࡢ 1 ࡀ⾑ᰦ࡜㛵㐃ࡍࡿᚰ⾑⟶⑓࡛࠶ࡿ࡜ሗ࿌ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ᚰ➽᱾ሰᛴᛶᮇ࡟ࡣ࢝ࢸ࣮ࢸࣝࢆ⏝࠸ࡓෙື⬦ᙧᡂ⾡ࡀ᪋ᕤࡉࢀࡿ㸬␗≀࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢࢫࢸࣥࢺ␃⨨ᚋ㸪ᩘ㐌ᚋ࡟⾑⟶ࡀ⾑ᰦ㛢ሰࡋ㸪ᚰ➽᱾ሰࢆ෌Ⓨࡍࡿሙྜࡀ࠶ࡾ㸪ࡇࢀࢆࢫࢸࣥࢺ⾑ᰦ⑕࡜࠸࠺㸬ࢫࢸࣥࢺ⾑ᰦ⑕ࡣᒁᡤ
⾑ὶ㞀ᐖࡢ஘ࢀࢆច㉳ࡍࡿ㸬ᒁᡤ⾑ὶ㞀ᐖ࡜⾑ᰦᛶஹ㐍ࡢᠱᛕ࠿ࡽࢫࢸࣥࢺ⮬యࡀ␃⨨ᚋ࡟ᾘኻࡍࡿ
Bio-degradable ࢫࢸࣥࢺࡀ㛤Ⓨࡉࢀࡓࡀ㸪៏ᛶᮇࡢࢫࢸࣥࢺ⾑ᰦ⑕Ⓨ⑕ࣜࢫࢡࡣ౫↛㧗ࡃ㸪ᒁᡤ⾑ὶ㞀ᐖ࡜⾑ᰦ⑕Ⓨ⑕ࣜࢫࢡࡢ㛵ಀࡣᮍࡔゎ᫂ࡉࢀ࡚࠸࡞࠸㸬ࢫࢸࣥࢺ⾑ᰦ⑕ࡢண㜵࡟ࡣᢠ⾑ᑠᯈ⸆ే⏝⒪ἲࡀ
᭷ຠࡔࡀ㸪ᙉຊ࡞ᢠ⾑ᑠᯈ⸆ࡣ㢌⵹ෆฟ⾑࡜࠸ࡗࡓ㔜⠜࡞ฟ⾑ࣜࢫࢡࢆቑຍࡉࡏࡿᜍࢀࡀ࠶ࡿ㸬ࡑࡢࡓࡵ㸪⸆๣࡟㢗ࡽࡎ࡟⾑ᰦ⑕ࢆᅇ㑊࡛ࡁࡿ་⏝ࢫࢸࣥࢺࡢ㛤Ⓨࡀồࡵࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ࢫࢸࣥࢺ⾑ᰦ⑕ࢆண㜵࡛ࡁࡿࢫࢸࣥࢺࡢ㛤Ⓨࡢᇶ♏᳨ウ࡜ࡋ࡚㸪ࢫࢸࣥࢺࡸື⬦◳໬࡟ࡼࡗ࡚⏕ᡂࡉࢀࡓ⾑⟶ෆ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ㞀ᐖ≀࿘ࡾࡢὶࢀࢆᢕᥱࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ㔜せ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬ࡑࡇ࡛ᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣ㸪ᇙࡵ㎸ࡳᩍ఍ἲࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ Particle-resolved
approach ࡟ᇶ࡙ࡃᅛᾮΰ┦ὶゎᯒࢯࣝࣂࢆ⏝࠸࡚」ᩘ⢏Ꮚཬࡧ㞀ᐖ≀ࢆྵࢇࡔὶࢀሙࡢゎᯒࢆ⾜࠸㸪ࢫࢸࣥࢺ⾑ᰦ⑕ࡸື⬦◳໬࡟௦⾲ࡉࢀࡿప Reynolds ᩘ㡿ᇦ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ㞀ᐖ≀࿘ࡾࡢὶࢀሙࡢ≉ᛶࢆᢕᥱࡍࡿ
ࡇ࡜ࢆ┠ⓗ࡜ࡍࡿ㸬⢏Ꮚࡢ௜╔⌧㇟ࡣ⾑ᑠᯈࡢάᛶ໬ࢆ⪃៖ࡋࡓ௜╔ࣔࢹࣝࢆ⏝࠸࡚෌⌧ࡋࡓ㸬ὶయࡢᨭ㓄᪉⛬ᘧ࡟ࡣ㸪2 ḟඖ㠀ᅽ⦰ࡢ Navier-Stokes ᪉⛬ᘧཬࡧ㐃⥆ࡢᘧࢆ⏝࠸㸪≀యࡢ㐠ືࡣ Euler-Newton᪉⛬ᘧࢆ⏝࠸࡚⾲⌧ࡋࡓ㸬ᨭ㓄᪉⛬ᘧࡣࡑࢀࡒࢀ᭷㝈ᕪศἲ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚㞳ᩓ໬ࡋࡓ㸬ィ⟬᱁Ꮚ࡟ࡣ᏶඲➼㛫㝸┤஺᱁Ꮚࢆ⏝࠸㸪⏺㠃㏣㊧࡟ࡣ Level set ἲ࡜ Ghost cell ἲ࡟ࡼࡿᇙࡵ㎸ࡳቃ⏺ἲࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ㸬
Fig. 1 ࡟♧ࡍࡼ࠺࡞⢏Ꮚཬࡧ㞀ᐖ≀ࢆྵࢇࡔὶࢀሙࡢゎᯒࢆ⾜࠸㸪⢏Ꮚࡢ௜╔⌧㇟ࡢᵝ┦ࢆ☜ㄆࡋࡓ㸬
Fig. 1 ࡼࡾ㸪㞀ᐖ≀ᚋ᪉࡟࿘ᮇⓗ࡞ᵓ㐀ࡀ⏕ᡂࡉࢀ㸪ቨ㠃᪉ྥࡢ㏿ᗘᡂศࡀ⏕ࡌࡿࡇ࡜࡛⢏Ꮚࡢ௜╔⌧㇟ࢆㄏⓎࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ☜ㄆ࡛ࡁࡿ㸬Fig. 2 ࡣྛࢣ࣮ࢫ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ⢏Ꮚࡢ௜╔ᆅⅬࢆ♧ࡋࡓࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬ࡇࢀࡼࡾ㸪ప Reynolds ᩘ (Rec = 2000) ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡣ㞀ᐖ≀㧗ࡉࡢቑຍ࡜ඹ࡟⢏Ꮚࡢ௜╔ᆅⅬࡀ๓᪉࡬࡜⛣ືࡍࡿഴྥࡀ࠶ࡾ㸪㧗 Reynolds ᩘ (Rec = 6000) ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡣ㞀ᐖ≀࠿ࡽ᭱ࡶ㐲࠸㡿ᇦ࡟࠾࠸࡚௜╔⌧㇟ࡀ⏕ࡌ࡚࠸࡞࠸㸬ࡇࢀࡣ㞀ᐖ≀ᚋ᪉ࡢᵓ㐀ࡀቨ㠃࠿ࡽ㐲ࡊ࠿ࡿ᪉ྥ࡬࡜⛣ືࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟㉳ᅉࡍࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿ㸬

Figure 1. Vorticity distribution at Re = 4000.

Figure 2. Points of adhered particles at a bottom wall.

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総合科学技術研究所 2018年度 第1回シンポジウム「流体工学に関するトピックス」

Ẽᾮ஧┦ὶゎᯒࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ࢚ࣥࢪࣥ࢜࢖ࣝࡢὶฟண
͊ᕝᮏ ⿱ᶞ*㸪㧗ᶫ ಇ**㸪ⴠྜ ᡂ⾜***㸪␁ὠ ᫛ᙪ***㸪ᒣᮏ ᠇ྖ****ᮾᾏ኱Ꮫ኱Ꮫ㝔 ⥲ྜ⌮ᕤᏛ◊✲⛉ ⥲ྜ⌮ᕤᏛᑓᨷ㸪**ᮾᾏ኱Ꮫ ᕤᏛ㒊 ືຊᶵᲔᕤᏛ⛉㸪***ᮾᾏ኱Ꮫ ᕤᏛ㒊 ᶵᲔᕤᏛ⛉㸪****ᮾᾏ኱Ꮫ ᕤᏛ㒊 ᘓ⠏Ꮫ⛉㸪Ⓨ⾲ࡢせ᪨㏆ᖺ㸪ᣢ⥆ྍ⬟ᆺ♫఍ࡢᚲせᛶࡀ┒ࢇ࡟㏙࡭ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡀ㸪ࡑࡢ୰࡛ࡶ㔜せ࡞఩⨨௜ࡅࢆ༨ࡵࡿࡢࡀ
ᐊຠᯝ࢞ࢫ CO2 ࡢ๐ῶ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬2015 ᖺᗘࡢ᪥ᮏࡢ㐠㍺㒊㛛ࡢ஧㓟໬Ⅳ⣲᤼ฟ㔞ࡣ࠾ࡼࡑ 2 ൨ 1300 ୓ࢺ࡛ࣥ㸪ࡇࢀࡣᅜෆࡢ CO2 ⥲᤼ฟ㔞 12 ൨ 2700 ୓ࢺࣥࡢ࠾ࡼࡑ 17.4%ࢆ༨ࡵ࡚࠾ࡾ㸪ࡑࡢ୰࡛ࡶ⮬ື㌴
ࡢ᤼ฟ㔞ࡣ㐠㍺㒊㛛ࡢ 86%㸪᪥ᮏᅜෆࡢ⥲᤼ฟ㔞ࡢ⣙ 15%ࢆ༨ࡵࡿつᶍ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬⮬ື㌴ࡢ CO2 ๐ῶࢆ㐩ᡂࡍࡿ࡟ࡣ࢚ࣥࢪࣥࡢ⇞㈝ᨵၿࡍ࡞ࢃࡕෆ⇞ᶵ㛵ࡢ⇕ຠ⋡ྥୖࡀ◊✲ㄢ㢟࡛࠶ࡾ㸪࣮ࣚࣟࢵࣃ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ
FVV ➼㸪⌧ᅾࡶከࡃࡢ◊✲ࡀ࡞ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬࣮ࣔࢱࣜࣥࢢヨ㦂࡟࠾ࡅࡿࣆࢫࢺࣥ࡜ࣆࢫࢺࣥࣜࣥࢢ࡟࠾
ࡅࡿᦶ᧿ᦆኻࡣࡑࡢᾘ㈝㤿ຊࡢ⣙୕๭㹼༙ศࢆ༨ࡵࡿ㸬ᚑࡗ࡚ࡇࡢ㒊఩ࡢᦶ᧿ᦆኻࢆపῶࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀᦶ
᧿ᦆኻࡢほⅬ࠿ࡽ⇞㈝ᨵၿ࡟᭱ࡶ኱ࡁ࡞࢖ࣥࣃࢡࢺࢆ୚࠼ࡿࡇ࡜࡜࡞ࡿ㸬୍⯡࡟ࣆࢫࢺࣥ࿘ࡾࡢᦶ᧿ᦆኻࢆపῶࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࡣ₶⁥Ἔࡢప⢓ᗘ໬࡜ࣆࢫࢺࣥࣜࣥࢢࡢపᙇຊ໬ࡀ
2 ࡘࡢ᪉⟇࡜ࡋ࡚⪃࠼ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ࡋ࠿ࡋ₶⁥Ἔࡢప⢓ᗘ໬࡜ࣆࢫࢺࣥࣜࣥࢢࡢపᙇຊ໬ࡣ㸪₶⁥Ἔࡀ⇞↝ᐊෆ࡟ὶධࡋ࡚⵨Ⓨࡍࡿ࢜࢖ࣝୖࡀࡾࢆㄏⓎࡍࡿྍ⬟ᛶࡀ࠶ࡾ㸪⤖ᯝⓗ࡟₶⁥Ἔࡢᾘ㈝㔞ࡀቑ኱ࡍࡿᠱᛕࡀ⏕ࡌࡿ㸬ࡇࢀࢆ㜵ࡄ࡟ࡣ₶⁥Ἔࡢὶືᶵᵓࢆ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟ࡍࡿᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿࡀ㸪ᮍࡔࡑࢀࢆヲ⣽࡟ゎࡁ᫂࠿ࡋࡓ◊✲ሗ࿌ࡣᏑᅾࡋ࡞࠸㸬୍⯡࡟₶⁥Ἔࡢᾘ㈝࣓࢝ࢽࢬ࣒࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣ㸪᭱⤊ⓗ࡟ࡣ⇞↝ᐊࡶࡋࡃࡣ࿘㎶㒊࡛⵨ⓎࡍࡿⅬࡣྠ୍࡛࠶ࡿࡀ㸪ࡑࢀࡲ࡛ࡢ㍺㏦㐣⛬࡜ࡋ࡚ḟࡢ 5 ࡘࡢ௬ㄝࡀ㏙࡭ࡽࢀࡿࡇ࡜ࡀከ࠸㸬ձࢺࢵࣉࣜࣥࢢ࿘ᅖ࡛ࣛ
࢖ࢼୖ࡟ᥙࡁṧࡉࢀࡓἜࡀ⇞↝ᐊࡢ㧗࢞ࢫ࡟ࡼࡾ┤᥋ⓗ࡟⵨Ⓨ㸪ղࢺࢵࣉࣜࣥࢢࡢྜཱྀ࠿ࡽ⇞↝ᐊ࡟ྥ࠿࠺࢞ࢫ࡟ࡼࡾ㍺㏦ࡉࢀ࡚⵨Ⓨ㸪ճࢺࢵࣉࣜࣥࢢᦾື㠃࡜ࣛ࢖ࢼ㛫ࡢ㝽㛫࠿ࡽ⇞↝ᐊ࡟࢞ࢫ࡟ࡼࡾ㍺㏦ࡉࢀ࡚⵨Ⓨ㸪մࢺࢵࣉࣜࣥࢢ⫼㠃ࢆ㏻ࡗ࡚⇞↝ᐊ࡟㍺㏦ࡉࢀ࡚⵨Ⓨ㸪յࢺࢵࣉࣜࣥࢢ࡟ࡼࡾ⇞↝ᐊ࡟ᥙࡁୖࡆࡽࢀ࡚⵨Ⓨ㸪ࡇࢀࡽ 5 ࡘ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬ᡃࠎࡣࡇࢀࡲ࡛ෆ㛶ᗓ୺ᑟࡢᡓ␎ⓗ࢖ࣀ࣮࣋ࢩࣙࣥ๰㐀ࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛ㸦SIP㸧ㄢ㢟ࠕ㠉᪂ⓗ⇞↝ᢏ⾡ࠖࡢୗ㸪⇕ຠ⋡ 50%࢚ࣥࢪࣥࡢ㐩ᡂࢆࢦ࣮ࣝ࡜ࡋ࡚㸪ᶵᲔᦶ᧿ᦆኻపῶࢢ࣮ࣝࣉෆ㸪₶⁥Ἔᾘ㈝ண
㛤Ⓨࢧࣈࢢ࣮ࣝࣉ࡜ࡋ࡚ࣆࢫࢺࣥ୪ࡧ࡟ࣆࢫࢺࣥࣜࣥࢢ࿘ࡾࡢ₶⁥Ἔᣲືணࣔࢹࣝ࡟ྲྀࡾ⤌ࢇ࡛ࡁࡓ㸬ᡃࠎࡢ┠ⓗࡣẼᾮ஧┦ὶࡢ CFD ࢆά⏝ࡋࡓ₶⁥Ἔࡢ࣓࢝ࢽࢬ࣒ㄪᰝ◊✲࡛㸪ᩘ್ゎᯒ࡟ࡣࡑࢀࡒࢀࡢゎᯒࡢጇᙜᛶ࡜ᚓኻࢆぢᴟࡵࡿ࡭ࡃ㸪㏆ᖺ◊✲㛤Ⓨࡀ┒ࢇ࡞ࣞ࣋ࣝࢭࢵࢺἲ㸪ಖᏑᆺࣞ࣋ࣝࢭࢵࢺἲ㸪VOF ἲࡢ୕✀㢮ࢆ⏝࠸㸪₶⁥Ἔᣲືࡢゎᯒ⤖ᯝ࡜㸪ᐇ㦂࡜ࡢẚ㍑᳨ウ⤖ᯝ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ㄪᰝࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ࡇࢀࡲ࡛࡟
ᅗ 1 ࡢࡼ࠺࡞࢜࢖ࣝࣜࣥࢢ⫼㠃ࡢἜ⭷ࡢᣲືゎᯒࢆ⾜࠸㸪ᐇ㦂࡜Ⰻ࠸୍⮴ࢆ♧ࡍࡇ࡜ࢆ☜ㄆࡋࡓ㸬ᅗ 1 ࢚ࣥࢪࣥ྾Ẽ⾜⛬୰ࡢ࢜࢖ࣝࣜࣥࢢ⫼㠃ࡢἜ⭷ᣲືࡢゎᯒ⤖ᯝ

26

総合科学技術研究所 2018年度 第1回シンポジウム「流体工学に関するトピックス」

᭱ඛ➃ࡢᩘ್ⓗ࣭ᐇ㦂ⓗᡭἲࢆ㥑౑ࡋࡓ㧗ຠ⋡࣭ప⎔ቃ㈇Ⲵᆺ⇕ὶయᶵჾࡢ㛤Ⓨ࡜ࢩࢫࢸ࣒᭱㐺タィ
͊

⚟ᓥ┤ဢ*

*ᮾᾏ኱Ꮫ ᕤᏛ㒊 ືຊᶵᲔᕤᏛ⛉Ⓨ⾲ࡢせ᪨Ⓨ⾲⪅ࡣ㸪ࡇࢀࡲ࡛ᶵᲔᕤᏛ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ⇕ὶయᕤᏛࢆᑓ㛛࡜ࡋ㸪ࠕ஘ὶࠖཬࡧࠕ஘ὶ⇞↝ࠖ࡟㛵ࡍࡿ◊✲ࢆ⢭ຊⓗ࡟᥎㐍ࡋ࡚ࡁ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬᭱⤊ⓗ࡞┠ⓗࡣ㸪㧗ຠ⋡࣭ప⎔ቃ㈇Ⲵᆺࡢ⇕ὶయᶵჾࢆ㛤Ⓨ㸪ࢩࢫࢸ࣒඲య࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢ᭱㐺タィࢆ⾜࠸㸪⎔ቃ࣭࢚ࢿࣝࢠၥ㢟ゎỴࡢ୍ຓ࡜࡞ࡿࡇ࡜࡟࠶ࡿ㸬ᮏⓎ⾲࡛ࡣ㸪౛࡜ࡋ࡚㸪4 ࡘࡢ◊✲ࢸ࣮࣐ࢆྲྀࡾୖࡆ㸪⤂௓ࡍࡿ㸬௦⾲ⓗ࡞◊✲ࢸ࣮࣐1.

㧗ࣞ࢖ࣀࣝࢬᩘ஘ὶࡢ┤᥋ᩘ್ィ⟬(1)┤᥋ᩘ್ィ⟬㸦Direct Numerical Simulation: DNS㸧࡜ࡣ㸪஘ὶ࡟ྵࡲࢀࡿᵝࠎ࡞✵㛫ཬࡧ᫬㛫ࢫࢣ࣮ࣝࡢᵓ㐀ࢆ඲࡚ゎീࡋ㸪ࣔࢹࣝࢆ⏝࠸ࡿࡇ࡜࡞ࡃ㸪⇕ὶయࡢᨭ㓄᪉⛬ᘧࢆ┤᥋ゎࡃࡇ࡜࡛࠶ࡿ㸬ࡍ࡞ࢃࡕ㸪ᩘ್ᐇ㦂࡛࠶ࡿ㸬DNS ࢆ⏝࠸ࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡾ㸪ᐇ㦂࡟࠾ࡅࡿィ࡛ࡣ඲࡚ࢆᤊ࠼ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ

࡛ࡁ࡞࠸㸪4 ḟඖ᫬✵㛫࡟࠾ࡅࡿ㏿ᗘ࣭ᅽຊࡸࡑࡢᚤศ㔞࣭✚ศ㔞ࢆᚓࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿ㸬DNS ࢹ࣮ࢱࢆゎᯒཬࡧྍど໬ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡾ㸪ᵝࠎ࡞ὶࢀሙ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ஘ὶࡢ≀⌮⌧㇟ࢆ⌮ゎࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀྍ⬟࡜࡞ࡿ㸬⌧ᅾ㸪ࠕிࠖࢥࣥࣆ࣮ࣗࢱ࡞࡝ࡢࢫ࣮ࣃ࣮ࢥࣥࣆ࣮ࣗࢱࢆ⏝࠸ࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡾ㸪ᕤᏛᶵჾᐇ
ᶵ࡟࠾ࡅࡿὶࢀሙࡢゎᯒࡶྍ⬟࡜࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ᅗ 1 ࡟㸪ᦶ᧿ࣞ࢖ࣀࣝࢬᩘ ReW= 2500 ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ㏿ᗘ໙㓄ࢸࣥࢯࣝࡢ➨ 2 ୙ኚ㔞ࡀṇࡢ್ࢆ᭷ࡍࡿ㡿ᇦ(Q > 30)㸪ὶయࡀ๛యᅇ㌿ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㡿ᇦࢆ♧ࡍ㸬
2.

࣮ࣛࢪ࣭࢚ࢹ࢕࣭ࢩ࣑࣮ࣗࣞࢩࣙࣥࡢ஘ὶᵓ㐀࡟ᇶ࡙࠸ࡓ SGS ࣔࢹࣝࡢ㛤Ⓨ(2)ࣁ࣮ࢻ࢙࢘࢔㸪ࢯࣇࢺ࢚࢘࢔ࡢ୧㠃࡟࠾ࡅࡿⓎ㐩࠿ࡽ㸪CAEࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ⇕ὶయᶵჾࡢᛶ⬟ྥୖ࣭᭱㐺໬ࡀ⌧ᐇⓗ࡜࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ࡑࡇ࡛㸪⏘ᴗ⏺࡟࠾࠸࡚㸪࣮ࣛࢪ࣭࢚ࢹ࢕࣭ࢩ࣑࣮ࣗࣞࢩࣙࣥ (Large Eddy
Simulation: LES)ࡀὀ┠ࢆ㞟ࡵ㸪ࡑࡢᛂ⏝⠊ᅖࢆᗈࡆ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ࡋ࠿ࡋ㸪ࡇࢀࡲ࡛࡟ᥦ᱌ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ୺
࡞SGSࣔࢹࣝ࡟࠾࠸࡚㸪ᵝࠎ࡞஘ὶሙ࡟࠾ࡅࡿࡑࡢ⢭ᗘࡢ᳨ドࡣ༑ศ࡛࠶ࡿ࡜ࡣゝ࠼࡞࠸㸬ࡉࡽ࡟㸪ቨ㏆ഐ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡣ㸪ࡑࡢ≉ᚩⓗ࡞஘ὶᵓ㐀ࢆゎീࡋ࡞ࡅࢀࡤ㸪ᖹᆒ㏿ᗘࢆྵࡵࡓྛ✀஘ὶ⤫ィ㔞࡟ࡘ࠸࡚༑ศ࡞⢭ᗘࡀᚓࡽࢀ࡞࠸ၥ㢟ࢆ᭷ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ࡑࡇ࡛㸪୍ᵝ➼᪉ᛶ஘ὶࡢDNSࢹ࣮ࢱ࣮࣋ࢫࢆ
⏝࠸㸪Smagorinskyಀᩘࡀࣞ࢖ࣀࣝࢬᩘ࡟౫ࡽࡎ㸪LESࡢ᱁Ꮚᖜ࡜ࢥࣝࣔࢦࣟࣇ࣭ࢫࢣ࣮ࣝࡢẚ('/K)ࡢࡳ㛵ᩘ࡜ࡋ࡚⾲ࡉࢀࡿࡇ࡜㸪ᒁᡤᖹ⾮ࡢ௬ᐃ࠿ࡽ'/KࡣGSᡂศࡢࡳ࠿ࡽồࡵࡽࢀࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ♧ࡋࡓ㸬
ࡉࡽ࡟㸪Bardinaࣔࢹࣝ(BM)࡜Smagorinskyࣔࢹࣝ(SM)ࡢ㛗ᡤࢆά࠿ࡋࡓ᱁Ꮚᖜ⮬ᕫㄆ㆑ᆺࣔࢹࣝ
(SSRM)ࢆᥦ᱌ࡋ㸪ࡑࡢ᭷ຠᛶࢆ♧ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ᅗ2࡟♧ࡉࢀࡿࡼ࠺࡟㸪ࡑࡢண⢭ᗘࡣDNS⤖ᯝ࡜㠀ᖖ࡟┦㛵ࡢ㧗࠸⤖ᯝࢆ♧ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬3.

῝ᒙᏛ⩦࡟ᇶ࡙࠸ࡓ஘ὶᵓ㐀ࡢ⌮ゎࡢ㐍໬(3) ࡇࢀࡲ࡛࡟஘ὶࡢᮏ㉁ࢆ⌮ゎࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟㸪ᵝࠎ࡞ὶࢀሙ࡟࠾࠸࡚ᩘ್ⓗ࣭ᐇ㦂ⓗ◊✲ࡀ⾜ࢃࢀ࡚ࡁ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ᩘ್ィ⟬ࡢࣁ࣮ࢻ࢙࢘࢔࣭ࢯࣇࢺ࢙࢘࢔ࡢᛴ㏿࡞Ⓨ㐩ࡸィᢏ⾡ࡢ㧗ᗘ໬࡟ࡼࡾ㸪኱つᶍ࠿ࡘヲ⣽࡞ࢹ࣮ࢱ࣮࣋ࢫࡀᵓ⠏ࡉࢀࡘࡘ࠶ࡿ㸬ࡑࡢゎᯒ࡟ࡣ㸪✀ࠎࡢ⥺ᙧ⌮ㄽ࡟ᇶ࡙ࡃᡭἲࡀ㐺⏝ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ࡋ࠿ࡋ㸪஘ὶࡢᮏ㉁ࡣࡑࡢ㠀⥺ᙧ⌧㇟࡟࠶ࡾ㸪஘ὶ⌧㇟ࡢゎ᫂࡟ࡣ㸪㠀⥺ᙧᛶࢆᤊ࠼ࡽࢀࡿ≉ᚩᢳฟᡭἲࡀᚲせ୙ྍḞ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬㏆ᖺ㸪῝ᒙᏛ⩦㸦ࢹ࢕࣮ࣉ࣮ࣛࢽࣥࢢ㸧࡟௦⾲ࡉࢀࡿᶵᲔᏛ⩦࡬ࡢὀ┠ࡀ㧗ࡲࡗ࡚࠾ࡾ㸪ᵝࠎ࡞ศ㔝࡟࠾࠸࡚㸪ࡑࡢά⏝ࡀᮇᚅࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ࡑࡇ࡛㸪ࠕᶵᲔᏛ⩦ࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ஘ὶࡢ≉ᚩᢳฟᡭἲࡢᵓ⠏ࠖࢆ┠ᣦࡋ㸪ᵝࠎ࡞኱Ꮫ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ◊✲ᐊ࡜㐃ᦠࡋ࡚㸪◊✲ࢆ᥎㐍ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬4.

஘ὶ⇞↝ࡢ┤᥋ᩘ್ィ⟬27

総合科学技術研究所 2018年度 第1回シンポジウム「流体工学に関するトピックス」

ヲ⣽໬Ꮫ཯ᛂᶵᵓࢆ⪃៖࡟ධࢀࡓ஘ὶ⇞↝ࡢ DNS ࢆ GPU(Graphics Processing Unit)࡟᭱㐺໬ࡋ㸪୍ᵝ➼᪉ᛶ஘ὶ୰ࢆఏ᧛ࡍࡿᖹ㠃ⅆ⅖࠿ࡽ࢚ࣥࢪࣥࡸ࣐࢖ࢡࣟ࢞ࢫࢱ࣮ࣅࣥ⏝⇞↝ჾࡲ࡛ᵝࠎ࡞⣔࡛஘ὶணΰྜⅆ⅖ࡢ DNS ࢆ⾜ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬㧗ᅽ࣭㧗ᙉᗘ஘ὶⅆ⅖࡛ࡣ㝵ᒙⓗ࡞஘ὶ⛛ᗎᵓ㐀࡜ⅆ⅖ࡢ┦஫స⏝࡟ࡼࡾ㸪ⅆ⅖ᵓ㐀ࡶ」㞧࡞ከ㔜㝵ᒙᵓ㐀ࢆ♧ࡍ࡜࡜ࡶ࡟㸪ⅆ⅖ෆ㒊ࡢᵓ㐀࡟ࡲ࡛஘ὶ
ࡢᙳ㡪ࡀ㢧ⴭ࡟⌧ࢃࢀࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ࡑࡢ௚㸪⮬ື㌴࡞࡝ࡢ SI ࢚ࣥࢪࣥࢆᶍᨃࡋࡓ
୕ḟඖᐃᐜᐜჾෆⅆ⅖ఏ᧛ࡢ DNS㸪 HCCI(ணΰྜᅽ⦰⮬╔ⅆᆺ)࢚ࣥࢪࣥෆ஘ὶ⇞↝ᶵᵓ࡟㛵ࡍࡿ◊✲ࡶ⾜࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ᅗ 3 ࡟♧ࡍࡼ࠺࡟㸪ᕼⷧⅆ⅖࡜ቨ㠃࡜ࡢᖸ΅ࡀᒁᡤᾘ⅖࡟ࡼࡿᮍ⇞≀ࡢ᤼ฟࡸቨ㠃⇕ᦆኻ࡞࡝ࡢ⇞↝ჾᛶ⬟࡟኱ࡁ࡞ᙳ㡪ࢆ୚࠼ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟ࡋ㸪ணΰྜᅽ⦰⮬╔ⅆ࡛ࡣ⮬╔ⅆไᚚᡭἲࡢ㛤Ⓨࡔࡅ࡛࡞ࡃ㸪ᕼⷧⅆ⅖࡜ቨ㠃࡜ࡢᖸ΅ᶵᵓゎ᫂ࡢ㔜せᛶࢆ♧ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ(4)㸬࠾ࢃࡾ࡟ ⎔ቃ࣭࢚ࢿࣝࢠၥ㢟ࡢゎỴࡣ୍◊✲ᐊࡀ༢⊂࡛ࡣ⾜࠼࡞࠸㸪Ꮫ㝿ⓗ࡞ၥ㢟࡛࠶ࡿ㸬Ⓨ⾲⪅ࡣࡇࢀࡲ࡛
࡟ᩘ್ⓗཬࡧᐇ㦂ⓗᇶ♏◊✲࠿ࡽ㸪⇞ᩱ㟁ụ࡞࡝࡟㛵ࡍࡿᛂ⏝◊✲ࡲ࡛ᖜᗈ࠸ศ㔝࡟࠾࠸࡚◊✲άືࢆ⾜࡞ࡗ࡚ࡁ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬௒ᚋࡣ㸪ࡑࢀࡽࡢ⤒㦂ࢆά࠿ࡋ࡚㸪◊✲ᐊ㸪኱Ꮫ㸪ࡉࡽ࡟ࡣ⏘ᴗ⏺ࢆᶓ᩿ࡋࡓᖜᗈ
࠸㡿ᇦᶓ᩿ᆺࡢ◊✲ࢆ⾜࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡃணᐃ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬ࡉࡽ࡟㸪᪥ᮏࡢ⏘ᴗࡢⓎᒎࢆᨭ࠼ࡿࡼ࠺࡞⏘Ꮫ㐃ᦠ◊✲ࢆ✚ᴟⓗ࡟㐍ࡵ㸪࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣭⎔ቃၥ㢟ࡢ⥲ྜⓗ࡞ゎỴ࡟㈉⊩ࡋ࡚⾜ࡁࡓ࠸㸬ཧ⪃ᩥ⊩1) ⚟ᓥࡽ㸪᪥ᮏᶵᲔᏛ఍ὶయᕤᏛ㒊㛛ㅮ₇఍ㅮ₇ㄽᩥ㞟, pn. 0507, 2pp. (2013)
2) N. Fukushima, et. al., Proc. TSFP 9, pn. 1B2, 6 pp., (2015)3) ῝₲ࡽ㸪᪥ᮏὶయຊᏛ఍ᖺ఍, 2pp., (2018)4) N. Fukushima, et. al., Proc. Comb. Inst., 35, pp. 3009–3017 (2015).
(a)

(b)

Fig. 1 Contour surfaces of the second invariant ofvelocity gradient tensor colored by the streamwise
velocity fluctuation.

Fig. 3 Temporal developments of distribution of heat release
rate (T’init = 6.1 K, I’init= 0.00) without heat loss (a), with heatloss (b).

Fig. 2 Instantaneous 2D distributions of one in-plane component of velocity at t = 3:0 and ReO = 175:4 with /Kinit =22.7: (a)filtered DNS, (b) Smagorinsky, (c) Bardina and (d) scale self-recognition mixed models.

28

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พᆺᙧ≧ཬࡧ㐃⥆ⓗ࡞Ỉᖹ⁁ࢆ᭷ࡍࡿゅᰕ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ✵ຊ≉ᛶ͊Ⓨ⾲⪅Ặྡ*㸪㧗㇂ 㐩ஓ***ᮾᾏ኱Ꮫ ᕤᏛ◊✲⛉, ᶵᲔᕤᏛᑓᨷ
Ⓨ⾲ࡢせ᪨
1.⥴ゝ
㏆ᖺ㸪෇ᰕࡸゅᰕ࡞࡝ࡢ㕌㢌≀యࡢ✵ຊ≉ᛶ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡢ◊✲ࡀ⾜ࢃࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ࡑࡋ࡚㸪ࡇࡢ㕌㢌≀యࡢ✵ຊ≉ᛶ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡢ◊✲ࡣᵝࠎ࡞ศ㔝࡟ᛂ⏝ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬౛࠼ࡤ㸪㕌➼≀యࡢᇶᮏᙧ≧ࡢ୍ࡘ࡟㛗᪉
ᙧゅᰕࡀ࠶ࡿ㸬ࡇࡢゅᰕࡢᙧ≧ࡣ㸪㧗ᒙᘓ⠏≀ࡸᶫᱱ࡟ఝ࡚࠸ࡿ஦࠿ࡽ㸪㛗᪉ᙧゅᰕࡢ✵ຊ≉ᛶࢆ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡛⪏㢼タィ࡟ᛂ⏝ࡍࡿ஦ࡀฟ᮶ࡿ㸬ࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡟㕌㢌≀యࡢ✵ຊ≉ᛶࡣᕤᏛࡢศ㔝࡛㔜せ࡛࠶ࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀ࡚࠾ࡾ㸪ᵝࠎ࡞◊✲ࡀ⾜ࢃࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪ᘓ⠏ศ㔝࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡶᘓ⠏≀ࡢ㧗ᒙ໬ࡀࡍࡍ
ࡵࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ஦࠿ࡽ㸪㢼Ⲵ㔜ࡢపῶࡀᚲせ࡞ㄢ㢟࡜ࡉࢀ࡚࠾ࡾ㸪ᘓ⠏≀ࡢᙧ≧࡜㕌㢌ᙧ≧ࡀ㢮ఝࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ஦࠿ࡽ㕌㢌ᙧ≧ࡢ◊✲ࡢᛂ⏝ඛ࡜ࡋ࡚⪃࠼ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬㕌㢌≀యࡢ✵ຊ≉ᛶ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚㸪㐣ཤ࡟⏣ᮧẶࡽࡀゅᰕࡢᙧ≧ࡀ✵ຊ≉ᛶ࡟࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡞ᙳ㡪ࢆཬࡰࡍ࠿
◊✲ࢆ⾜ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ(1).ࡑࡢ⤖ᯝ㸪✵ຊ≉ᛶࡢኚ໬ࡣゅᰕࡢ᩿㠃ᙧ≧ࡸ㏄ゅ࡟౫Ꮡࡍࡿ஦ࡀ☜ㄆࡉࢀࡓ㸬ࡇࢀࡲ࡛࡟⾜ࢃࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ⣔⤫ⓗ࡞◊✲࡜ࡋ࡚஭ᡞᕝẶࡽ࡟ࡼࡾ㸪㐃⥆ࡋࡓỈᖹ᪉ྥࡢ⁁ࢆゅᰕ࡟᪋ࡋࡓ◊✲ࡀ⾜ࢃࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ(2)㸬ࡇࡢ◊✲࡟ࡼࡾỈᖹ⁁ࢆ᪋ࡍ஦࡛ゅᰕࡢ✵ຊ≉ᛶࡢྥୖࡀ☜ㄆࡉࢀࡓ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪⮬ື㌴࡞࡝࡟⏝࠸ࡽࢀࡿ✵Ẽ᢬ᢠࡢపῶᢏ⾡࡛࠶ࡿพᆺᙧ≧ࡢゅᰕࢆ౪ヨゅᰕ࡜ࡋ࡚⏝࠸ࡓ◊✲ࡶ⾜ࢃࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ(3).ࡋ࠿ࡋ࡞ࡀࡽ㸪㧗ᒙᘓ⠏≀࡛ࡣ㢼Ⲵ㔜࡟ࡼࡿຊࡀᨭ㓄ⓗ࡛࠶ࡾ㸪㢼Ⲵ㔜ࢆపῶࡉࡏࡿᢏ⾡ࡀᚲせ࡜ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ࡑࡇ࡛㸪ᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣ㕌㢌≀యࢆ㧗ᒙᘓ⠏≀࡞࡝࡬ࡢᛂ⏝ࡍࡿⅭ࡟㸪㕌㢌ᙧ≧ࢆᶍࡋࡓゅᰕࢆసᡂࡋ㸪㢼Ὕ⿦⨨࡟ࡼࡿᢠຊ

ᐃᐇ㦂ࡸゎᯒ࡟ࡼࡾ✵ຊ≉ᛶࢆ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟ࡍࡿ஦ࢆ┠ⓗ࡜ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬

2.౪ヨゅᰕ
ᮏ◊✲࡟⏝࠸ࡓゅᰕࡣ Fig.1(a)࡟グࡋࡓᶓᖜ㸪⦪ᖜࡀ
60[mm]㸪㛗ࡉ 150[mm]ࡢṇ᪉ᙧゅᰕࢆᇶᮏࡢ S0(S0:Square cylinder 0)࡜ࡋ࡚ẚ㍑ࡢᑐ㇟࡜ࡋࡓ㸬౪ヨゅᰕ࡜ࡋ࡚ඛ⾜◊✲ (2)࡛⏝࠸ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿỈᖹ⁁௜ࡁゅᰕࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ㸬Fig.1(b)࡟Ỉᖹ⁁௜ࡁゅᰕ SH(SH: Square cylinder
with Horizontal grooves) ࢆ グ ࡍ 㸬 Fig.1(c) ࡟ พ ᆺ ゅ ᰕSC(SC: Square cylinder with concave)ࢆ♧ࡍ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪ࡑࢀ
ࡒࢀࡢゅᰕࡢᑍἲࢆ Table1 ࡟♧ࡍ㸬29

総合科学技術研究所 2018年度 第1回シンポジウム「流体工学に関するトピックス」

3.ᐇ㦂⤖ᯝ
Fig.2 ࡟㢼Ὕ⿦⨨ࢆ⏝࠸ࡓᢠຊᐃᐇ㦂ཬࡧ ANSYS ࢆ⏝࠸ࡓゎᯒ⤖ᯝࢆ♧ࡍ㸬ゎᯒ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡣ஘ὶࣔࢹࣝࢆ k-Ȝ࡟㸪ὶࢀ࡟ࡣ㠀ᐃᖖィ⟬࡟࡚ゎᯒࢆ⾜ࡗࡓ㸬ࡇࢀࡽࡢᐇ㦂⤖ᯝࡼࡾ㸪ᢠຊಀᩘࡣ S0 ゅᰕࡀ᭱ࡶ㧗ࡃ㸪SH ゅᰕࡀ᭱ࡶపࡃ࡞ࡿ
஦ࡀ☜ㄆ࡛ࡁࡓ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪SC ゅᰕࡢࡼ࠺࡟ゅᰕᚋ᪉࡟࠾࠸࡚พᆺࡢ㝽㛫ࢆタࡅࡿ஦࡛ᢠຊಀᩘࡀపῶࡍࡿ஦ࡶ☜ㄆ࡛ࡁࡓ㸬S0 ࡜ẚ࡭࡚ SC ゅᰕ࡟࠾ࡅࡿᢠຊ
ಀᩘࡣ 4.2%ῶᑡࡍࡿ஦ࡀ☜ㄆ࡛ࡁࡓ㸬ࡲ
ࡓ㸪SH ゅᰕ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡣᢠຊಀᩘࡀ 9.8%పῶࡍࡿ஦ࡀ☜ㄆ࡛ࡁࡓ㸬ゎᯒ⤖ᯝࡢᢠຊಀᩘࡣᐇ㦂⤖ᯝ࡜ẚ࡭

Fig.2 Drag coefficient of each results࡚ࡸࡸᑠࡉ࠸ࡀ㸪ᐃ㔞ⓗ࡟ᐇ㦂⤖ᯝ࡜୍⮴ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ḟ࡟ࡑࢀࡒࢀࡢゅᰕ࡟࠾ࡅࡿୖ㠃࠿ࡽ᧜ᙳࡋࡓᅽຊಀᩘศᕸᅗࢆ Fig.3 ࡟♧ࡍ㸬[cp](a) S0(b) SC(c) SHFig.3 pressure coefficient distribution diagram of each square cylinders.
Fig.3 ࡢ࠾ࡅࡿ࣮࢝ࣛࢥࣥࢱ࣮࡟♧ࡍᅽຊ⠊ᅖࡣᅽຊಀᩘ Cp=1㹼-0.6 ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬Fig.3(a)࡟ࡣṇ᪉ᙧゅᰕ࡛࠶ࡿ S0 ࢆ♧ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡀ㸪Fig.3(b)࡜ẚ㍑ࡍࡿ࡜⃰㟷࡛♧ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿᅽຊಀᩘࡀ-0.6 ㏆ഐࡢᅽຊ⠊ᅖࡀ⊃ࡃ࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ஦ࡀ☜ㄆ࡛ࡁࡿ㸬ࡑࢀ࡟క࠸ SH ゅᰕ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡣᅽຊಀᩘࡀ-0.6 ㏆ഐࡢ⃰㟷࡟♧ࡉࢀࡿ⠊ᅖࡀᾘኻࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ஦ࡀ☜ㄆ࡛ࡁࡿ㸬 SC ゅᰕࡸ SH ゅᰕࡢࡼ࠺࡞ຍᕤࢆ᪋ࡍ஦࡟ࡼࡾ㸪౪ヨゅᰕࡢᚋ᪉࡛⏕ࡌࡿᅽຊᦆኻࡀᑠࡉࡃ࡞ࡿ஦࡛๓㠃࡜⫼㠃࡟࠾ࡅࡿᅽຊᕪࡀᑠࡉࡃ࡞ࡾ㸪ᢠຊࡀῶᑡࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿ㸬
5.ཧ⪃ᩥ⊩(1) ⏣ᮧ ဴ㑻௚(1994),✀ࠎࡢ㎶㛗ẚࢆ᭷ࡍࡿゅᰕ࿘ࡾࡢὶࢀࡢ 3 ḟඖࢩ࣑࣮ࣗࣞࢩࣙࣥ, ᪥ᮏᘓ⠏Ꮫ఍ᵓ㐀⣔ㄽᩥ㞟 61(486)(2)஭ᡞᕝ ග㈗௚(2013), ୕ḟඖὶࢀ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ⁁௜ࡁṇ᪉ᙧゅᰕ࿘ࡾࡢ✵ຊ≉ᛶ(⁁ᙧ≧࡜࢔ࢫ࣌ࢡࢺẚኚ໬࡟ࡼࡿᢠຊపῶຠᯝ), ᮾᾏ኱Ꮫ⣖せ. ᕤᏛ㒊 53(1), 69-74(3)㧗㇂ 㐩ஓ௚(2017), The aerodynamic characteristics of concave square cylinder(Influence of aspect ratio),
Pacific Symposium on Flow Visualization and Image processing 1-3.

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総合科学技術研究所 2018年度 第1回シンポジウム「流体工学に関するトピックス」

ᙉ࠸⾪ᧁἼ⫼ᚋࡢ❅⣲ศᏊࡢ⇕ⓗෆ㒊⦆࿴㐣⛬࡟ཬࡰࡍ㟁Ꮚ‽఩ࡢᙳ㡪͊Ლ㔝ࡳࡎࡁ* ᒣ⏣๛἞**ᮾᾏ኱Ꮫ ᕤᏛ㒊 ᶵᲔᕤᏛ⛉Ⓨ⾲ࡢせ᪨᥈ᰝᶵࠕࡣࡸࡪࡉ࣑ࠖࢵࢩࣙࣥࡢ᭱⤊ࣇ࢙࣮ࢬ࡛ࡣ㸪ᑠᝨᫍࡢࢧࣥࣉࣝࢆᥖ㍕ࡋࡓ࢝ࣉࢭࣝࡀᆅ⌫኱Ẽᅪ࡟෌✺ධࡍࡿࠋࡇࡢ᫬࢝ࣉࢭࣝࡣ 12kim/s ௨ୖࡢ㉸㌶㐨㏿ᗘ࡛኱Ẽᅪ࡟෌✺ධࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟㸪ᶵయ๓᪉࡟ࡣᙉ࠸㞳⬺⾪ᧁἼࡀ⏕ࡌ㸪ᶵయ⾲㠃ࡣ㐣㓞࡞✵ຊຍ⇕࡟ࡉࡽࡉࢀࡿࠋ≉࡟⾪ᧁἼ⫼ᚋ࡛ࡣẼయࡣᴟࡵ࡚㧗࡜࡞ࡾ㸪ศᏊࡢෆ㒊࢚ࢿࣝࢠࡀບ㉳ࡉࢀࡿࡓࡵ㸪ศᏊෆཬࡧศᏊ㛫࡟࠾ࡅࡿ୪㐍ࡸᅇ㌿㸪᣺ື㸪㟁Ꮚບ㉳࣮ࣔࢻ࡬ࡢ࢚ࢿࣝࢠศ㓄࡜࣮ࣔࢻ㛫ࡢ⦆࿴⌧㇟࡜࠸ࡗࡓ⇕ⓗ㠀ᖹ⾮ᛶࡀ⌧ࢀࡿ㸬᭦࡟㧗࡟࡞ࡿ࡜ศᏊࡢゎ㞳㸪㟁㞳➼ࡢ໬Ꮫ཯ᛂࡀ⏕ࡌࡿࡀ㸪㏿ᗘᇦ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ࡣ໬Ꮫ཯ᛂࡀᒁᡤⓗ࡟᏶஢ࡏࡎ໬
Ꮫⓗ㠀ᖹ⾮ᛶࡀ⌧ࢀࡿ㸬ࡋࡓࡀࡗ࡚ᶵయࢆ㐣㓞࡞ຍ⇕⎔ቃ࠿ࡽ㜵ᚚࡋ㸪ᶵయࡢ✵ຊ≉ᛶࢆ⢭ᗘⰋࡃホ౯ࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࡣ㸪ࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞」㞧࡞⇕໬Ꮫⓗ㠀ᖹ⾮ᛶࢆక࠺ᐇᅾẼయຠᯝࢆṇ☜࡟ணࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀᚲせ࡜࡞ࡿ㸬⌧ᅾࡢ࡜ࡇࢁ⇕໬Ꮫⓗ㠀ᖹ⾮ᛶࢆグ㏙ࡍࡿ⇕໬Ꮫࣔࢹࣝ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡣ㸪୪㐍࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࡜ᅇ㌿࢚ࢿࣝࢠ㸪ཬࡧ᣺ື࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࡜㟁Ꮚບ㉳࢚ࢿࣝࢠࡀࡑࢀࡒࢀᖹ⾮࡟㐩ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜௬ᐃࡍࡿ Park ࡢ 2ࡢ⡆౽ࡉ࠿ࡽᗈࡃ⏝࠸ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ࡋ࠿ࡋ㸪࠸ࡃࡘ࠿ࡢᐇ㦂⤖ᯝ࡟ࡼࡿ࡜ 2ᗘࣔࢹࣝࡀࡑ

ᗘࣔࢹ࡛ࣝࡣ෌⌧࡛ࡁ࡞࠸ࡼ࠺࡞⌧㇟ࡀሗ࿌ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ࡇࡢࡓࡵ㸪ࡉࡽ࡞ࡿ᳨ド࣭ᨵⰋ࡟ࡼࡾࣔࢹࣝࡢ⢭ᗘࢆᨵၿࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ
ᮃࡲࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬኱Ẽ✺ධ᫬ࡢ㣕⾜᮲௳࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡣࠊ⾪ᧁἼ⫼ᚋ࡛࡯࡜ࢇ࡝ࡢẼయศᏊࡀᇶᗏ≧ែ࡟࠶ࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࠊᇶᗏ≧ែ࡟࠾ࡅࡿẼయศᏊࡢ⦆࿴࣭ゎ㞳㐣⛬ࢆㄪ࡭ࡿᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿ㸬ࡋ࠿ࡋ࡞ࡀࡽ㸪㐣ཤࡢ◊✲࡛ࡣບ㉳≧ែ࠿ࡽࡢⓎගࢫ࣌ࢡࢺ࡛ࣝ࠶ࡿ N2(2+)㸪N2+(1-)ࢆࡶ࡜࡟ࡋ࡚⇕໬Ꮫⓗ⌧㇟ࡀㄪ࡭ࡽࢀ࡚ࡁࡓ㸬ࡇࡢࡓࡵࡇࢀࡽࡢ⤖ᯝࡀᇶᗏ≧ែࡢ⇕໬Ꮫⓗ⌧㇟ࢆ཯ᫎࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜ࡣ㝈ࡽ࡞࠸㸬ࡑࡇ࡛ᇶᗏ≧ែ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ⇕໬Ꮫⓗ⌧㇟ࡢィࡵ࡟⌧≧࡛ࡣィࡀᚲせ࡛࠶ࡿࡀ㸪❅⣲ศᏊࡢᇶᗏ≧ែ࡟㛵ࢃࡿ㟁Ꮚ㑄⛣ࡣ┿✵⣸እ㡿ᇦ࡟࠶ࡿࡓ

ࡀᅔ㞴࡛࠶ࡿ㸬ࡼࡗ࡚ᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣࠊᇶᗏ≧ែ࡟㏆࠸㟁Ꮚ㑄⛣࡛࠶ࡿ N2(1+)࡜ᚑ᮶ィ࡟ࡼࡃ⏝࠸ࡽࢀࡿ N2(2+)ࡢศගィࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋࡑࡋ࡚ྲྀᚓࡋࡓィࢫ࣌ࢡࢺࣝ࠿ࡽᅇ㌿࣭᣺ືᗘࢆᑟฟࡋ࡚㸪㟁Ꮚ‽఩ࡢ㐪࠸ࡀ⇕ⓗ⦆࿴⌧㇟࡟ཬࡰࡍᙳ㡪࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ㄪ࡭ࡓࠋᅗ㸯࡟ࡑࢀࡒࢀࠊN2(2+)࡜ N2(1+)ࡢィࢫ࣌ࢡࢺࣝࡼࡾྲྀᚓࡋࡓᅇ㌿ᗘ࡜᣺ືᗘࡢ✵㛫ศᕸ≉ᛶࢆ♧ࡍࠋᅗ୰ࡢࣉࣟࢵࢺࡀᐇ㦂್࡛ࠊ

CFD ࡟ࡼࡿィ⟬್࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡇࢀࡼࡾ N2(2+)ࡼࡾᚓࡽࢀࡓ㹁‽఩ࡢᅇ㌿ᗘ࡜᣺ືᗘࡣࠊCFD ゎᯒ⤖ᯝ

ཬࡧ N2(1+)ࡼࡾᚓࡽࢀࡓ B ‽఩ࡢ್࡜ࡶ኱ࡁࡃ␗࡞ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀศ࠿ࡿࠋ୍᪉࡛ࠊ⾪ᧁἼ㠃┤ᚋ࡛ࡤࡽࡘࡁ
ࡀ࠶ࡿࡶࡢࡢࠊB ‽఩ࡢᅇ㌿ᗘ࡜᣺ືᗘࡣࠊCFD ゎᯒ⤖ᯝ࡜Ⰻ࠸୍⮴࡜♧ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡟ࠊ

㟁Ꮚ‽఩ࡢ㐪࠸࡟ࡼࡾ⇕ⓗ⦆࿴㐣⛬ࡀ␗࡞ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀᮏ◊✲࡟ࡼࡾ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟࡞ࡗࡓࠋ

(a) N2(2+)ᅗ㸯 ⾪ᧁἼ㠃ࢆᇶ‽࡜ࡍࡿᅇ㌿(b) N2(1+)ᗘ࡜᣺ືᗘࡢ✵㛫ศᕸ≉ᛶ

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総合科学技術研究所 2018年度 第1回シンポジウム「流体工学に関するトピックス」⣽⬊࢔ࢵࢭ࢖࡟ྥࡅࡓ࣐࢖ࢡࣟὶయࣉ࣮ࣟࣈ㞟✚ᆺࢹࣂ࢖ࢫ
Ⓨ⾲⪅Ặྡ ᴵⴥ೺ử*㸪ᮌᮧၨᚿ*,**͊*ᮾᾏ኱Ꮫ኱Ꮫ㝔⥲ྜ⌮ᕤᏛ◊✲⛉, **ᮾᾏ኱Ꮫ࣐࢖ࢡ࣭ࣟࢼࣀ◊✲ࢭࣥࢱ࣮Ⓨ⾲ࡢせ᪨ᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣࠊ⣽⬊㛫┦஫స⏝ࡢゎ᫂࡟ྥࡅ࡚ࠊ࣐࢖ࢡࣟὶయࣉ࣮ࣟࣈ㸦Microfluidic Probeࠊ ௨ୗ
MFP㸧ࡢᶵ⬟ࢆ࣐࢖ࢡࣟὶయࢹࣂ࢖ࢫ࡟㞟✚ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ࠊὶ㊰ෆࡢ⣽⬊⩌࡬ࡢ㒊఩ᒁᡤⓗ࡞ᾮᛶ่⃭ࢆᐇ⌧ࡍࡿࢹࣂ࢖ࢫࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡢᵓ⠏ࢆ┠ⓗ࡜ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋᮏ◊✲࡛㛤Ⓨࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࣐࢖ࢡࣟὶ
యࣉ࣮ࣟࣈ㞟✚ᆺࢹࣂ࢖ࢫࡣࠊୗᒙࡢ⣽⬊ᇵ㣴㒊࡜ࠊ୰㛫ᒙ࡜ୖᒙ࠿ࡽ࡞ࡿ MFP ὶ㊰࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ᵓᡂ
ࡉࢀࠊMFP ὶ㊰ࡢඛ➃ࡣ⣽⬊ᇵ㣴㒊ࡢኳ஭㒊ศ࡟఩⨨ࡍࡿ(Fig. 1)ࠋMFP ὶ㊰ࡣὀධཬࡧ྾ᘬὶ㊰࠿ࡽᵓᡂࡉࢀࠊ⣽⬊ᇵ㣴㒊ࡢᗏ㠃࡟ᙧᡂࡉࢀࡿᾮᛶ่⃭⠊ᅖࡣὀධ࡜྾ᘬࡢὶ㔞ẚ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ไᚚྍ⬟
࡛࠶ࡿࠋMFP ὶ㊰ࡢඛ➃ᙧ≧ࡸὀධ࣭྾ᘬὶ㔞࡞࡝ࡢ᮲௳ࡣࠊὶయࢩ࣑࣮ࣗࣞࢩࣙࣥࢯࣇࢺ࢙࢘࢔ANSYS ࢆ⏝࠸࡚ᩘ್ィ⟬ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡛᭱㐺໬ࡋࡓࠋ
㛤Ⓨࡋࡓࢹࣂ࢖ࢫࡢᶵ⬟᳨ウ࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊὀධ࡜྾ᘬࡢὶయ᧯స࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ᙧᡂࡉࢀࡿᾮᛶ่⃭⠊ᅖ࠾ࡼࡧᾮᛶᅉᏊࡢ⃰ᗘࡢホ౯ᐇ㦂ࢆᐇ᪋ࡋࡓࠋᾮᛶᅉᏊࣔࢹࣝ≀㉁ࡣࠊ⃰ᗘࢆ 100 μM ࡟ㄪ〇ࡋࡓ Fluorescein࡜ࡋࡓࠋࢩࣜࣥࢪ࣏ࣥࣉࢆ⏝࠸࡚ὀධ࣭྾ᘬ᧯సࢆ⾜࠸ࠊᇵ㣴㒊ᗏ㠃࡟࠾ࡅࡿ⁐ᾮࡢᗈࡀࡾࢆ᧜ᙳࡋࡓࠋ
ᮏᐇ㦂ࡢ⤖ᯝ࠿ࡽࠊὀධὶ㔞࡟ᑐࡋ྾ᘬὶ㔞ࢆ኱ࡁࡃࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡛⣽⬊ᇵ㣴㒊ෆ࡟ᑟධࡋࡓᾮᛶᅉᏊࡢᣑ
ᩓࢆไᚚࡋࠊὶయ᧯స࡟ࡼࡗ࡚⣽⬊ᇵ㣴㒊ᗏ㠃ࢆᒁᡤⓗ࡟ᾮᛶᅉᏊ࡟᭚㟢ྍ⬟࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ☜ㄆࡉࢀࡓࠋ
ࡲࡓࠊྛ⃰ᗘ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࢩ࣑࣮ࣗࣞࢩࣙࣥ࡜ᐇ㦂ࡢ⤖ᯝࡀ㏆ఝࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜࠿ࡽࠊࢩ࣑࣮ࣗࣞࢩࣙࣥࢆ⾜࠺ࡇ࡜࡛ᾮᛶᅉᏊ࡟᭚㟢ࡉࢀࡿ㡿ᇦ࠾ࡼࡧ᭚㟢ࡉࢀࡿᾮᛶᅉᏊࡢ⃰ᗘࢆணྍ⬟࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ♧၀ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ⌧ᅾࡣࠊᮏࢹࣂ࢖ࢫࢆ⏝࠸࡚⣽⬊㛫┦஫స⏝ࢆほᐹࡍࡿࡼ࠺࡞⣽⬊࢔ࢵࢭ࢖ࢆᐇ᪋ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
ᮏⓎ⾲࡛ࡣᚤᑠὶయไᚚ㒊ศࢆ୰ᚰ࡟⣽⬊࢔ࢵࢭ࢖⤖ᯝ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡶ⤂௓ࡍࡿணᐃ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ

Fig. 1 Schematic illustrations of microfluidic device and system. (A) Microfluidic device integrated withmicrofluidic probe channels. (B)Microfluidic system consists of the device with the jig, syringe
pumps and a microscope.
(1) M. J. Berridge, P. Lipp, M. D. Bootman, “The versatility and universality of calcium signalling”, Nature Reviews
Molecular Cell Biology, 1(1), 11-21, 2000
(2) D. Juncker, H. Schmid, E. Delamarche, “Multipurpose microfluidic probe”, Nature materials, 4(8), 622-628, 201132

総合科学技術研究所 2018年度 第1回シンポジウム「流体工学に関するトピックス」⫼ᬒᆺࢩ࣮ࣗࣜࣞࣥἲࡢἼ㠃⿵ൾ࡟╔┠ࡋࡓ㉸ᮃ㐲㧗⢭ᗘྍど໬ィࠥ᥋ᆅቃ⏺ᒙ࡟࠾ࡅࡿᒅᢡ⋡ᵓ㐀ᐃᩘ Cn2 ࡢィ ࡟ྥࡅࡓ᳨ウࠥ͊ྜྷᐩ㻌 ຬ㈗㻖䠈୐ᾏ㻌 Ἃஓຍ㻖䠈ᴮ୪㻌 ிḟ㑻㻖㻖䠈Ỉ᭩⛱἞㻖*ᮾᾏ኱Ꮫ ᕤᏛ㒊⯟✵ᏱᐂᏛ⛉⯟✵ᏱᐂᏛᑓᨷ
**ᮾᾏ኱Ꮫ ኱Ꮫ㝔ᕤᏛ◊✲⛉ᶵᲔᕤᏛᑓᨷ

ᐇᶵ⯟✵Ᏹᐂᶵ࿘ᅖࡢὶࢀሙࡢ┤᥋ィ ࡣ㸪㢼Ὕᐇ㦂࡞࡝ࡢ⦰ᑻᶍᆺࢆ฼⏝ࡋࡓᐊෆᐇ㦂࡛ࡣᚓࡽࢀ࡞࠸ᐇᶵ㛤Ⓨ࡟㈗㔜࡞᝟ሗࢆᚓࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿ㸬ࡇࢀࡣ㸪⦰ᑻヨ㦂࡛ࡣὶయຊᏛⓗ┦ఝ๎ࢆᡂ❧ࡉࡏࡿࡓࡵࡢ Reynolds ᩘ࡜ Mach ᩘࡢࡩࡓࡘࡢ㔜せ࡞↓ḟඖᩘࢆᐇᶵ࡜ྠ୍࡟ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀᅔ㞴࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜࡜㸪እ஘ࡢ෌⌧㸦㧗ᗘ࡟ࡼࡿ ᗘศᕸ㸪Ẽὶࡢࡌࡻ࠺஘࡟ࡼࡿ୙ᆒ୍ᛶ㸧ࡀᅔ㞴࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜࡟㉳ᅉࡍࡿ㸬⌧ᅾ᪥ᮏ㸪⡿ᅜ㸪࠾ࡼࡧḢᕞࡀᐇ⏝໬◊✲ࢆ㐍ࡵ࡚࠸ࡿḟୡ௦㉸㡢㏿ᶵ࡛ࡣ㸪㉸㡢㏿㣕⾜᫬࡟Ⓨ⏕ࡍࡿ⾪ᧁ㦁㡢㸦ࢯࢽࢵࢡࣈ࣮࣒㸧ࡢపῶࡀ୙ྍḞࡢㄢ㢟࡛࠶ࡿ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪኱ᆺ⯟✵ᶵࡢᚋ᪉஘Ẽ
ὶࡢⓎ㐩ࢆゎ᫂ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡣ㸪⦾ᛁ࡞୺せ✵ ࡛ࡢ㞳Ⓨ╔ຠ⋡ࢆྥୖࡉࡏࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡘ࡞ࡀࡿ㸬୍᪉㸪ࡇࢀࡽࡢ⌧㇟ࢆィ ࡍࡿᡭἲ࡜ࡋ࡚ගᏛⓗྍど໬ィ ࢆ⏝࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࡣ㸪ᶵయ࡟ྲྀࡾ௜ࡅࡓᅽຊኚ᥮ჾ
࡞࡝ࡢⅬィ ࡛ࡣᚓࡽࢀ࡞࠸඲ど㔝ⓗ࡞ὶࢀሙ᝟ሗࡢྲྀᚓࡀྍ⬟࡛࠶ࡿࡶࡢࡢ㸪ᐜ࡛᫆ࡣ࡞࠸㸬㣕⾜୰ࡢ⯟✵Ᏹᐂᶵ࿘ᅖࡢὶࢀሙࢆᶵእ࠿ࡽྲྀᚓࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࡣ㸪ᚲ↛ⓗ࡟㛗㊥㞳᧜ᙳ㸦ᮃ㐲᧜ᙳ㸧࡜࡞ࡿ㸬ࡑࡢࡓࡵ㸪㛗㊥㞳࠿ࡽࡢ᧜ᙳࢆ⾜࠺㝿ࡣ኱Ẽࡺࡽࡂ࡟ࡼࡿィ ⏬ീࡢ✵㛫ศゎ⬟ࡢపୗࡀ㑊ࡅࡽࢀ࡞࠸㸬ࡑࡇ࡛ᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣ㸪ᒇእ࡛ᗈ⠊ᅖ࡞⌧㇟ࢆ⡆᫆࡞ගᏛ⣔࡛ྍど໬ྍ⬟࡞ Background-Oriented
Schlieren㸦BOS㸧ἲࢆィ ཎ⌮࡜ࡋ㸪ࡉࡽ࡟㸪኱Ẽࡺࡽࡂ࡟ࡼࡿィ ⏬ീࡢ✵㛫ศゎ⬟ࡢపୗࢆ㸪㉥እ⥺ኳᩥᏛ࡛Ⓨ㐩ࡋ࡚ࡁࡓ⿵ൾගᏛࢆ⼥ྜࡉࡏࡓගᏛ⣔ࢆ๰㐀ࡋ⢭ᗘྥୖࢆ┠ᣦࡍ㸦ᅗཧ↷㸧㸬
2
ᮏⓎ⾲࡛ࡣ㸪⿵ൾගᏛ⣔࡟ࡼࡿἼ㠃⿵ṇࡢ㔜せ࡞ᇶᮏ᝟ሗ࡛࠶ࡿᒅᢡ⋡ᵓ㐀ᐃᩘ Cn ࢆ኱Ẽࡢࢩࣥࢳ࣮ࣞࢩࣙࣥィ ࡛ࡢホ౯ἲ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ሗ࿌ࡍࡿ㸬ᅗ㻌 ⫼ᬒᆺ䝅䝳䝸䞊䝺䞁ἲ䠄㻮㻻㻿䠅䛸⿵ൾගᏛ䠄㻭㻻䠅䜢⼥ྜ䛥䛫䛯 㻭㻻㻙㻮㻻㻿 ἲ㻌

33

総合科学技術研究所 2018年度 第1回シンポジウム「流体工学に関するトピックス」

୪Ὃࡍࡿ 2 యࡢ࢖ࣝ࢝ࡢ㛫࡟ാࡃὶయຊᏛⓗ┦஫స⏝࡟ࡘ࠸࡚
Fluid Dynamic Interaction between Two Dolphins Swimming Side by Side‫⏣✄ۑ‬႐ಙ 㸪୕Ꮿ┿ளᏊ㸪୸ᓥౡ⣖ዉ㸦ᕤᏛ㒊⯟✵ᏱᐂᏛ⛉⯟✵ᏱᐂᏛᑓᨷ㸧ዉⰋ⚈ኴᮁ㸪㧗ᶫಇ㸦ᕤᏛ㒊ືຊᶵᲔᕤᏛ⛉㸧
Yoshinobu Inada , Maako Miyake, Yukina Marushima (Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics, School of Engineering)
Shotaro Nara, Shun Takahashi (Department of Prime Mover Engineering, School of Engineering)
Email: inada@tokai-u.jp
Abstract
Swimming in company is often observed in dolphins in nature. When two dolphins such as a mother and a calf swim
side by side, so-called “dolphin drafting” occurs owing to the fluid dynamic interaction between them. The dolphin
drafting may be influenced by the geometrical factors such as the relative position or the size of two dolphins and theshape of their body. In this research, the fluid dynamic force acting on the mother and the calf in dolphin drafting wasinvestigated in the various geometrical conditions by conducting wind tunnel experiments. As a result, the fluid
dynamic drag acting on two dolphin models was clarified to have characteristic features of drag reduction not only forthe calf but also for both the mother and the calf, and the head shape of newborn calf was optimum for reducing thedrag in the dolphin drafting indicating the adaptive relationship between the behavior and the body shape.
㸯㸬ࡣࡌࡵ࡟ ぶᏊࡢ࢖ࣝ࢝ࡀ୪ࢇ࡛Ὃࡄ᫬࡟㸪ぶ࢖ࣝ࢝ࡢᩳࡵᚋ᪉ࢆὋ
ࡄᏊ࢖ࣝ࢝ࡀ࡯࡜ࢇ࡝ᑿ㫅ࢆື࠿ࡍࡇ࡜࡞ࡃぶ࢖ࣝ࢝࡟㏣ᚑࡋ࡚ὋࡄᵝᏊࡀほᐹࡉࢀࡿ㸬ࡇࢀࡣࠕᢪࡗࡇὋࡂࠖ࡜࿧ࡤ
ࢀࡿ⾜ື࡛㸪⏕ࡲࢀࡓࡤ࠿ࡾ࡛㐟Ὃ⬟ຊࡀຎࡿᏊ࢖ࣝ࢝ࢆ㸪ぶ࢖ࣝ࢝ࡀὶయຊᏛⓗ࡞┦஫స⏝㸦࣋ࣥࢳࣗࣜຠᯝ㸧ࢆ฼⏝ࡋ࡚≌ᘬࡍࡿ⾜ື࡛࠶ࡿ 1-3)㸬ᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣࠊ࢖ࣝ࢝ࡢᙧ≧ࢆὶ⥺ᆺ࡛㏆ఝࡋ㸪ᢪࡗࡇὋࡂ࡟ᙳ㡪ࢆ୚࠼ࡿྍ⬟ᛶࡀ࠶ࡿ࠸ࡃ
ࡘ࠿ࡢᗄఱᏛⓗせᅉ࡟ὀ┠ࡋ㸪ぶᏊࡢ┦ᑐⓗ࡞఩⨨㛵ಀࡸ኱ࡁࡉࡢẚ㸪ᡂ㛗࡟క࠺࢖ࣝ࢝ࡢ㢌㒊ᙧ≧ࡢ㐪࠸➼ࢆ⪃៖ࡋࡓ◊✲ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓ㸬㸰㸬ᐇ㦂᪉ἲ
㸰㸬㸯 ࣃ࣓࣮ࣛࢱ ᮏ◊✲࡛⾜࠺ᐇ㦂࡟㛵ࡍࡿࣃ࣓࣮ࣛࢱࡢᐃ⩏ࢆ Fig. 1 ࡟♧ࡍ㸬L1 , L2 ࡣࡑࢀࡒࢀᏊ࢖ࣝ࢝࡜ぶ࢖ࣝ࢝ᶍᆺࡢ๓ᚋ㛗㸪ξ ࡣぶ࢖ࣝ࢝ᶍᆺ࡟ᑐࡍࡿᏊ࢖ࣝ࢝ᶍᆺࡢ๓ᚋ㊥㞳࡛㸪཮᪉ࡢᶍᆺࡢ๓ᚋ᪉ྥࡢ୰Ⅼ㛫ࡢ㊥㞳࡛ᐃ⩏ࡍࡿ㸬η ࡣಶయ㛫㊥㞳࡛㸪཮᪉ࡢᶍᆺࡢ୰ᚰ⥺㛫ࡢ㊥㞳࡛ᐃ⩏ࡍࡿ㸬

Fig. 1

NACA66018

34(b)

Fig. 2

Experimental modelFig. 3

Head model for a calf㸰㸬㸱 㢼Ὕᐇ㦂
2 యࡢ࢖ࣝ࢝ᶍᆺࢆ㸪ᮾᾏ኱Ꮫࡀᡤ᭷ࡍࡿࢤࢵࢳࣥࢤࣥᘧ
ప㏿㢼Ὕ⿦⨨ࡢ 6 ศຊኳ⛗⿦⨨࡟ Fig. 4 ࡟♧ࡍࡼ࠺࡟タ⨨ࡋ࡚㢼Ὕᐇ㦂ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓ㸬ᐇ㦂᫬ࡢ㢼㏿ࡣ㸪㐣ཤࡢ◊✲౛ 3)࡟ྜࢃࡏ࡚ 30m/s ࡜ࡋ㸪ࡑࡢ᫬ࡢᏊ࢖ࣝ࢝ᶍᆺࡢ๓ᚋ㛗 L1 ࢆᇶ‽࡜ࡍࡿࣞ࢖ࣀࣝࢬᩘࡣܴ௘ ൌ ͸ǤͲ ൈ ͳͲହ ࡛࠶ࡗࡓ㸬㢌㒊ᙧ≧ࡢᙳ㡪ࢆㄪ࡭ࡿᐇ㦂࡛ࡣ㸪Ꮚ࢖ࣝ࢝ᶍᆺࢆኳ⛗⿦⨨㸪ぶ࢖ࣝ࢝ᶍᆺࢆ⛣ືࢫࢸ࣮ࢪ࡟ᅛᐃࡋ㸪Ꮚ࢖ࣝ࢝ᶍᆺࡢ㢌㒊ࡢࡳࢆ஺᥮ࡋ࡞ࡀࡽ㸪඲࡚ࡢ㢌㒊ᙧ≧࡟ᑐࡋ࡚ྠࡌ᮲௳࡛ᐇ㦂ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓ㸬㸰㸬㸲 ᩘ್ゎᯒ 㢼Ὕᐇ㦂࡟ຍ࠼࡚㸪ᢪࡗࡇὋࡂ᫬ࡢὶࢀࡢ≧ἣࢆヲ⣽࡟ศᯒࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟ᩘ್ゎᯒ㸦CFD ゎᯒ㸧ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓ㸬ゎᯒ࡟⏝࠸ࡓࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛࡣࣇ࣮ࣜࢯࣇࢺࡢ OpenFOAM ࡛㸪ὶࢀሙࢆ 3 ḟඖᐃᖖ㠀ᅽ⦰ὶ࡜௬ᐃࡋ㸪
SIMPLE ἲࢆ⏝࠸࡚ィ⟬ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓ㸬Definition of parameters(a)㸰㸬㸰 ᶍᆺࡢసᡂ
࢖ࣝ࢝ࢆ┿ୖ࠿ࡽぢࡓᙧ≧ࡣ㸪Fig. 2(a)࡟♧ࡍࡼ࠺࡞ὶ⥺ᆺ࡟㏆࠸ᙧ࡛㸪ࡑࡢᙧ≧࡟᭱ࡶ㏆࠸⩼ᆺ࡜ࡋ࡚ NACA66018
ࢆ㑅ࡧ 4)㸪ࡇࢀࢆ㛗㍈ᅇࡾ࡟ᅇ㌿ࡉࡏࡓ୕ḟඖࣔࢹࣝࢆ CAD
࡛స〇ࡋ㸪3D ࣉࣜࣥࢱ࡛ฟຊࡋࡓࡶࡢ࡟⾲㠃ຍᕤࢆ᪋ࡋ࡚ᶍᆺࢆస〇ࡋࡓ㸬᏶ᡂࡋࡓᶍᆺࢆ Fig. 2(b)࡟♧ࡍ㸬ᢪࡗࡇὋࡂ࡟ᙳ㡪ࢆ୚࠼ࡿᗄఱᏛⓗせᅉ࡜ࡋ࡚㸪ᶍᆺࡢ኱ࡁࡉ࡜Ꮚ࢖ࣝ࢝ࡢ㢌㒊ᙧ≧ࡢ 2 Ⅼࢆ⪃៖ࡋࡓ㸬ᶍᆺࡢ኱ࡁࡉ
࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣ㸪ぶᏊࡢ⤌ࡳྜࢃࡏ㸦L1=0.30m㸪L2=0.65m㸧࡜㸪ぶぶࡢ⤌ࡳྜࢃࡏ㸦L1= L2=0.65m㸧ࢆ㑅ࡧ㸪Ꮚ࢖ࣝ࢝ࡢ㢌㒊ᙧ≧࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣ㸪Ꮚ࢖ࣝ࢝ࡢཱྀ࿀ࡢ㛗ࡉࡢẚࢆ Fig. 3 ࡟♧ࡍ
B/A ࡛ᐃ⩏ࡋ㸪ᡂ㛗࡟క࠺ཱྀ࿀ࡢ㛗ࡉࡢኚ໬࡟ྜࢃࡏ࡚㸪
B/A=0.79㹼1.24 ࡢ⠊ᅖ࡛ኚ໬ࡉࡏ࡚ᶍᆺࢆస〇ࡋࡓ㸬㸱㸬⤖ᯝ㸱㸬㸯 ぶᏊᶍᆺ㸪ぶぶᶍᆺࡢ㢼Ὕᐇ㦂⤖ᯝぶᏊ࢖ࣝ࢝ᶍᆺࡢᐇ㦂࡟࠾࠸࡚㸪๓ᚋ㊥㞳 ξ ࡜ᢠຊಀᩘࡢ
㛵ಀࢆ♧ࡋࡓࢢࣛࣇࢆ Fig. 5 ࡟♧ࡍ㸬ᶓ㍈ࡣ๓ᚋ㊥㞳ẚ 2ξ/L1㸪
⦪㍈ࡣᢠຊಀᩘ࡛㸪ಶయ㛫㊥㞳 η ࡣ୍ᐃ(η=0.0945m)࡜ࡋ࡚ᐇ
㦂ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓ⤖ᯝ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬Fig. 5 ࡼࡾ㸪Ꮚ࢖ࣝ࢝ᶍᆺࡢ᢬ᢠಀ
ᩘ㸦㉥⥺㸧ࡣ㸪Ꮚ࢖ࣝ࢝ᶍᆺࡀぶ࢖ࣝ࢝ᶍᆺࡢࡸࡸᚋ᪉㸦Ꮚ࢖ࣝ࢝ᶍᆺ㛗ࡢ⣙ 70%ᚋ᪉㸧࡟఩⨨ࡍࡿ᫬࡟᭱ᑠ್ࢆྲྀࡾ㸪ࡑࡢ᫬㸪ぶ࢖ࣝ࢝ᶍᆺࡢ᢬ᢠಀᩘ㸦㟷⥺㸧ࡣ࡯ࡰ᭱኱್ࢆྲྀࡗ
ࡓ㸬ࡇࡢࡇ࡜࠿ࡽ㸪Ꮚ࢖ࣝ࢝ᶍᆺࡢ᢬ᢠࡢῶᑡศࢆぶ࢖ࣝ࢝ᶍᆺࡀ㈇ᢸࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀࢃ࠿ࡗࡓ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪ぶ࢖ࣝ࢝ᶍᆺ࡜
ᑠ࢖ࣝ࢝ᶍᆺࡢ᢬ᢠಀᩘࡢྜィ್㸦ⱏⰍ⥺㸧ࢆぢࡿ࡜㸪ᶍᆺࡀ๓ᚋ࡟ࡎࢀࡓ఩⨨࡛ࡣ㸬༢యࡢ᢬ᢠ್ࢆྜ⟬ࡋࡓࡶࡢ㸦㯤

総合科学技術研究所 2018年度 第1回シンポジウム「流体工学に関するトピックス」

㸱㸬㸱 ᩘ್ゎᯒࡢ⤖ᯝ ぶᏊ࢖ࣝ࢝ࡢᶍᆺᐇ㦂࡜ྠࡌ᮲௳࡛ CFD ゎᯒࢆ⾜ࡗࡓ⤖ᯝࢆ Fig. 8 ࡟♧ࡍ㸬Fig. 8 ࡣᏊ࢖ࣝ࢝ᶍᆺࡢ᢬ᢠࡀ᭱ᑠ࡟࡞
ࡿ᫬ࡢᅽຊศᕸࢆ♧ࡍ㸬ぶᏊࡢᶍᆺ㛫ࡢ⊃࠸㡿ᇦ࡛ࡣᅽຊࡀ
పୗࡋ࡚࠾ࡾ㸪ὶࢀࡀຍ㏿ࡉࢀ࡚࣋ࣥࢳࣗࣜຠᯝࡀ⏕ࡌ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ♧ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ࡑࡢ⤖ᯝ㸪Ꮚ࢖ࣝ࢝ᶍᆺࡣ๓᪉࡟྾࠸
ᐤࡏࡽࢀ࡚᢬ᢠࡀῶᑡࡋ㸪ぶ࢖ࣝ࢝ᶍᆺࡣ㏫࡟ᚋ᪉࡟྾࠸ᐤ
ࡏࡽࢀ࡚᢬ᢠࡀቑຍࡋࡓ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿ㸬㸲㸬ࡲ࡜ࡵ
ᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣ㸪ぶᏊࡢ࢖ࣝ࢝࡟ぢࡽࢀࡿᢪࡗࡇὋࡂ࡟ὀ┠ࡋ㸪୪Ὃࡍࡿ 2 㢌ࡢ࢖ࣝ࢝ࡢ㛫࡟స⏝ࡍࡿὶయຊᏛⓗ࡞┦஫స⏝ࢆᵝࠎ࡞᮲௳࡛ศᯒࡋࡓ㸬ࡑࡢ⤖ᯝ㸪2 యࡢ఩⨨㛵ಀ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ 1)ᚋ᪉ࡢᶍᆺࡢ᢬ᢠࡢࡳࡀ༢యࡢ᢬ᢠࡼࡾࡶῶᑡࡍࡿሙྜ㸪2) 2 యࡢᶍᆺࡢ᢬ᢠࡢྜィࡀ༢యࡢ᢬ᢠࡢྜィࡼࡾࡶῶᑡࡍࡿሙྜ㸪3)୧᪉ࡢᶍᆺࡢ᢬ᢠࡀྠ᫬࡟༢యࡢ᢬ᢠࡼࡾࡶ
ῶᑡࡍࡿሙྜࡀ࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟ࡋࡓ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪ࡇࡢ᫬ࡢὶ
ࢀࡢ≧ែࢆ CFD ࢆ⏝࠸࡚ศᯒࡋ⤖ᯝ㸪᢬ᢠపῶࡢ⌮⏤ࢆ♧ࡍᅽຊศᕸࡀ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟࡞ࡗࡓ㸬ᡂ㛗࡟క࠺㢌㒊ᙧ≧ࡢኚ໬ࡢᙳ㡪࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣ㸪⏕ࡲࢀࡓ┤ᚋࡢ㢌㒊ᙧ≧ࡀ᭱ࡶ᢬ᢠ㍍ῶࡢ
ຠᯝࡀ࠶ࡾ㸪ᡂ㛗࡟࡜ࡶ࡞ࡗ࡚ຠᯝࡀῶᑡࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀࢃ࠿ࡗ
ࡓ㸬௨ୖ࡟ࡼࡾ㸪኱ࡁࡉࡸ㢌㒊ᙧ≧࡞࡝ࡢᗄఱᏛⓗせᅉࡀ࢖ࣝ࢝ࡢᢪࡗࡇὋࡂ࡟୚࠼ࡿᵝࠎ࡞ᙳ㡪ࡀ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟࡞ࡗࡓ㸬ཧ⪃ᩥ⊩1) Sakai, M., Morisaka, T., Kogi, K., Hishii, T., Kohshima, S.:
Fine-scale Analysis of Synchronous Breathing in Wild IndoPacific Bottlenose Dolphins, Behavioral Processes, 83, Issue
1(2010), pp.48-53.
2) D. Weihs.: “The hydrodynamics of dolphin drafting”, Journalof Biology 2004, pp. 8.1-8.16.
3) D. Weihs, M. Ringel, and M.Victor.: “Aerodynamic
Interactions Between Adjacent Alender Bodies”, AIAA

Journal 2006, pp. 481-484
Hertel, H.: Structure, Form, Movement, Reinhold; First
American Edition (1966), pp.251.

Wind tunnel experimentCx

Fig. 4

2[/L1Result of wind tunnel experiment (mother and calf)

Fig. 55
4
3
Cx

㸱㸬㸰 ␗࡞ࡿ㢌㒊ᙧ≧ࡢ㢼Ὕᐇ㦂⤖ᯝᏊ࢖ࣝ࢝ᶍᆺࡢ㢌㒊ᙧ≧ࢆኚ໬ࡉࡏࡓᐇ㦂࡟࠾࠸࡚㸪๓ᚋ㊥㞳 ξ ࡜ᢠຊಀᩘࡢ㛵ಀ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ㄪ࡭ࡓ⤖ᯝࢆ Fig. 7 ࡟♧ࡍ㸬
Fig. 7 ࡼࡾ㸪B/A=0.94 ࡢ᫬ࡀ᭱ࡶ᢬ᢠಀᩘࡀᑠࡉࡃ㸪ẚࡀ኱ࡁࡃ࡞ࡿ࡟ࡘࢀ࡚᢬ᢠಀᩘࡀቑຍࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀࢃ࠿ࡗࡓ㸬ࡇࢀࡣ㸪࢖ࣝ࢝ࡀᡂ㛗ࡍࡿ࡟ࡘࢀཱྀ࡚࿀ࡢ㛗ࡉࡀቑຍࡍࡿ࡜㸪ᢪࡗࡇὋࡂ࡟ࡼࡿ᢬ᢠపῶࡢຠᯝࡀῶᑡࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ♧ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪B/A=0.94 ࡼࡾࡶẚࡀᑠࡉ࠸ B/A=0.79 ࡛ࡶ᢬ᢠࡀⱝᖸቑຍࡋ࡚࠾ࡾ㸪ཱྀ࿀ࡀ▷࠿ࡍࡂ࡚ࡶᢪࡗࡇὋࡂࡢຠᯝ
ࡀῶᑡࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀࢃ࠿ࡗࡓ㸬ࡍ࡞ࢃࡕ㸪࢖ࣝ࢝ࡀ⏕ࡲࢀࡓ┤ᚋࡢཱྀ࿀ࡢ㛗ࡉࡢẚ㸦B/A=0.94㸧ࡀ᢬ᢠపῶ࡟࠾࠸࡚᭱㐺࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀࢃ࠿ࡗࡓ㸬

4)2

dolphin's dragdolphin's drag(individual)
two dolphins's dragtwo dolphins's drag(individual)

1
0

-1.5

Fig. 6

-1

-0.5

0
2[/L1

0.5

1

1.5

Result of wind tunnel experiment (two adults)Cx⥳⥺㸧ࡼࡾࡶᑠࡉ࠸್ࢆᣢࡘࡇ࡜ࡀࢃ࠿ࡗࡓ㸬ࡘࡲࡾ㸪ぶ࡜Ꮚࢆྜࢃࡏࡓ඲య࡛⪃࠼ࡿ࡜㸪2 య࡛୪ࢇ࡛Ὃ࠸ࡔ࡯࠺ࡀ඲
యࡢ᢬ᢠࡀᑠࡉࡃ࡞ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀࢃ࠿ࡗࡓ㸬≉࡟㸪2ξ/L1 ࡀ 2 ௨ୖ࡟࡞ࡿ࡜㸪ぶᏊᶍᆺࡢ཮᪉࡜ࡶ༢యࡢ᢬ᢠಀᩘ㸦ࡑࢀࡒࢀỈⰍ⥺㸪ࣆࣥࢡⰍ⥺㸧ࡼࡾࡶᑠࡉ࠸್ࢆྲྀࡾ㸪ᢪࡗࡇὋࡂࡀぶᏊ 2 యࢆྜࢃࡏࡓ඲యࡔࡅ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃ㸪ぶ࡜Ꮚࡢࡑࢀࡒࢀ࡟ᑐ
ࡋ࡚ࡶ᢬ᢠపῶࡢຠᯝࢆᣢࡘࡇ࡜ࡀࢃ࠿ࡗࡓ㸬ぶ࢖ࣝ࢝ᶍᆺྠኈࡢᐇ㦂⤖ᯝ㸦Fig. 6㸧࡛ࡣ㸪ぶᏊ࢖ࣝ࢝ᶍ
ᆺࡢሙྜ࡜ྠᵝ࡟㸪᢬ᢠಀᩘ㸦ỈⰍ⥺㸧ࡀᚋ᪉ࡢ఩⨨࡛ῶᑡࡋ㸪ᶍᆺࡢ๓ᚋ㛗ࡢ 25%⛬ᗘᚋ᪉࡛᭱ᑠ್ࢆྲྀࡿࡇ࡜ࡀࢃ
࠿ࡗࡓ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪཮᪉ࡢ᢬ᢠ್ࢆྜィࡋࡓ್㸦⣸⥺㸧ࡶྠᵝ࡟㸪ᶍᆺࡢ఩⨨ࡀ๓ᚋ࡟ࡎࢀࡿ࡜ῶᑡࡋ㸪༢యࡢ᢬ᢠಀᩘࡢྜィ್㸦⤃Ⰽ⥺㸧ࡼࡾࡶᑠࡉࡃ࡞ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀࢃ࠿ࡗࡓ㸬Fig. 6 ࡟ࡣ∦᪉ࡢᶍᆺࡢ᢬ᢠಀᩘࡋ࠿㍕ࡏ࡚࠸࡞࠸ࡀ㸪ࡶ࠺∦᪉ࡢᶍᆺࡢ᢬ᢠಀᩘࡣࢢࣛࣇࡢ Y ㍈ࢆᇶ‽࡟ᢡࡾ㏉ࡋࡓᙧ࡟࡞ࡿࡓ
ࡵ㸪఩⨨ࡢࡎࢀࡀ๓ᚋ㛗ࡢ⣙ 70%ࢆ㉸࠼ࡿ࡜ಶࠎࡢ᢬ᢠࡀ༢
యࡢ᢬ᢠ㸦㉥⥺㸧ࡼࡾࡶῶᑡࡋ㸪ಶࠎࡢಶయ࡟࡜ࡗ࡚ࡶ᢬ᢠ
ࢆపῶ࡛ࡁࡿࡇ࡜ࡀࢃ࠿ࡗࡓ㸬2[/L1
Fig. 7

Result of wind tunnel experiment (head shape)

Fig. 8

CFD result (pressure distribution)35

総合科学技術研究所 2018年度 第1回シンポジウム「流体工学に関するトピックス」

ࣉࣛࢬ࣐ࢪ࢙ࢵࢺ࡟ࡼࡿ㉸㡢㏿⮬⏤ᄇὶࡢຍ㏿᪂஭⏤㤶*㸪͊ᇼ⃝⚽அ**㸪Ỉ㔝⿱௓***㸪㧗ᶫ ಇ**㸪⚟⏣⣫኱***ᮾᾏ኱Ꮫ኱Ꮫ㝔 ᕤᏛ◊✲⛉, **ᮾᾏ኱Ꮫ ᕤᏛ㒊, ***ᮾᾏ኱Ꮫ኱Ꮫ㝔 ⥲ྜ⌮ᕤᏛ◊✲⛉㸯㸬◊✲┠ⓗ Ẽὶࢆ㟁Ẽⓗ࡟㸦୺࡜ࡋ࡚࢔࣮ࢡᨺ㟁࡛㸧ຍ⇕ࡋ࡚㸪ࣀࢬࣝࢆ௓ࡋ࡚✵ẼຊᏛⓗ࡟ຍ㏿ࡍࡿ᪉ἲࡣ㸪୺࡟ᮦᩱຍᕤ㸦ࣉࣛࢬ࣐ࢪ࢙ࢵࢺ㸧㸪Ᏹᐂ᥎㐍㸦࢔࣮ࢡࢪ࢙ࢵࢺ㸧㸪㧗࢚ࣥࢱࣝࣆ㢼Ὕ㸦࢔࣮ࢡຍ⇕㢼Ὕ㸧࡞࡝࡟⏝࠸ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ࡇࡢ᪉ἲࡣ㸪୺࡜ࡋ࡚ᨺ㟁㟁ὶࡢไᚚ࡟ࡼࡾᢞධࡍࡿ㟁ຊࡢไᚚࡀྍ⬟࡛㸪ࡍ࡞ࢃࡕẼὶࡢ඲

㸪ࡍ࡞ࢃࡕ㏿ᗘ㸪ࡢไᚚࡀ㟁Ẽⓗ࡟ྍ⬟࡞Ⅼࡀඃࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ࡋ࠿ࡋ࡞ࡀࡽ㸪ࡇࢀࡽࡢ᪉ἲࡣẼὶࢆ┤᥋ⓗ࡟ຍ⇕ࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟Ẽὶࡢ඲ࡀୖ᪼ࡍࡿࡢ࡛㸪ప⼥Ⅼ㸦ప⇕ศゎⅬ㸧ᮦᩱࡢຍᕤ࡞

࡝ࡢ┠ⓗ࡟ࡣ㐺ࡋ࡚࠸࡞࠸㸬ࡑࡇ࡛㸪ᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣ㸪኱Ẽᅽୗ࡛㉸㡢㏿Ẽὶࢆࣉࣛࢬ࣐ࢪ࢙ࢵࢺ࡟ࡼࡾຍ
㏿ࡍࡿ᪉ἲ࡟ࡘ࠸᳨࡚ウࡍࡿ㸬ࡇࡇ࡛ࡣ㸪ୖグࡢ࢔࣮ࢡᨺ㟁࡟ࡼࡿẼὶࡢ┤᥋ຍ⇕࣭ຍ㏿࡜ࡣ␗࡞ࡾ㸪㉸㡢㏿Ẽὶ࡟ᑐࡋ࡚ྠ㍈࡟ࣉࣛࢬ࣐ࢪ࢙ࢵࢺࢆᄇᑕࡋ࡚๧᩿ᒙࢆ㏻ࡋ࡚Ẽὶࡢ㏿ᗘቑ኱ࢆᅗࡿ᪉ἲ࡟ࡘ࠸᳨࡚ドࡍࡿ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪๧᩿ᒙࢆ௓ࡍࡿᄇὶࡢ┦஫స⏝ࡀ㸪ᑐ㇟ᄇὶࡢ㏿ᗘቑຍ࡟࠸࠿࡟ࡋ࡚᭷ຠ࡟స⏝ࡋᚓࡿ࠿࡟ࡘ࠸᳨࡚ウࡍࡿ㸬ᮏሗ࿌࡛ࡣ㸪ᩘ್ࢩ࣑࣮ࣗࣞࢩࣙࣥ࡟ࡼࡾ㸪ࣉࣛࢬ࣐ὶ࡟ࡼࡿᄇὶຍ㏿ࡢ᭷ຠᛶ㸪」ᩘࡢࣀࢬࣝࢆ⏝࠸ࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡿᄇὶไᚚࡢ᭷ຠᛶ㸪ࣉࣛࢬ࣐ὶ㸦㧗㸦౛࠼ࡤ඲࢞ࢫὶ࡜௬ᐃ㸧ࡢ᮲௳ࡸฟཱྀ࣐ࢵࣁᩘ࡞࡝㸧ࡢኚ໬ࡀ㉸㡢㏿⮬⏤ᄇὶ࡟ཬࡰࡍᙳ㡪࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ᩘ್ࢩ࣑࣮ࣗࣞࢩࣙ

ࣥ࡟ࡼࡾ᳨ウࡍࡿ㸬㸰㸬⤖ᯝ࠾ࡼࡧ⪃ᐹ
Fig.1 ࡟ࣉࣛࢬ࣐࡟ࡼࡿᄇὶຍ㏿ࡢຠᯝ࡟ࡘ࠸᳨࡚ドࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟୰ᚰ㒊ࡢᄇὶ㸦nozzle 1㸧ࡀࣉࣛࢬ࣐ὶ
ࡢሙྜ㸦case1-1㸧࡜㠀ຍ⇕ὶࡢሙྜ㸦case1-2㸧࡟ࡘ࠸࡚㸪↓ḟඖ᫬㛫 t* = 118.8 ࡢ࡜ࡁࡢ㏿ᗘ㸪Mach ᩘࡢ➼㧗⥺ᅗࢆ♧ࡍ㸬ᅗࡼࡾ㸪㏿ᗘ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣ㸪ࣉࣛࢬ࣐ὶࡢ᪉ࡀ㠀ຍ⇕ὶࡼࡾࡶ኱ࡁ࠸್ࢆୗὶࡲ࡛⥔ᣢࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬୍᪉㸪Mach ᩘ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣ㠀ຍ⇕ὶࡢ᪉ࡀ㧗 Mach ᩘ㡿ᇦࢆ⣙ 2 ಸࡢ㊥㞳ࡲ࡛⥔ᣢࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ࡇࢀࡣ㸪඲ࡀࣉࣛࢬ࣐ὶࡢ᪉ࡀ㠀ຍ⇕ὶࡢሙྜࡢ⣙ 7 ಸࡶ㧗࠸ࡓࡵ㸪୧⪅ࡢࣀࢬࣝฟཱྀ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ㡢㏿ࡢ㐪࠸࡟ࡼࡿࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬

case1–1

Plasmajet flow

case1–2

Non–heated flow

Figure 1 Distributions of velocity magnitude and Mach number at non-dimensional timeof t* = 118.8.

36

総合科学技術研究所 2018年度 第1回シンポジウム「流体工学に関するトピックス」

Figure 2 Distributions of velocity magnitude and Mach number at non-dimensional time oft* = 118.8, showing the influence of total temperatures of plasmajets on jet acceleration.

Figure 3 Distributions of velocity magnitude and Mach number at non-dimensional time ofshowing the influence of Mach numbers of plasmajets on jet acceleration.
Fig.2 ࡟ࣉࣛࢬ࣐ὶ㸦nozzle 1㸧ࡢ඲ࢆኚ໬ࡉࡏࡓሙྜ㸦඲

t* = 118.8,1000 K ࡢሙྜ case2-1㸪2000 K ࡢሙྜ

case1-1㸪3000 K ࡢሙྜ case2-2㸪4000 K ࡢሙྜ case2-3㸧࡟ࡘ࠸࡚↓ḟඖ᫬㛫 t* = 118.8 ࡢ࡜ࡁࡢ㏿ᗘ㸪Mach ᩘࡢ➼㧗⥺ᅗࢆࡑࢀࡒࢀ♧ࡍ㸬ᅗࡼࡾ㸪඲ࡀ㧗࠸ሙྜ࡯࡝㏿ᗘࡣୗὶࡲ࡛㧗࠸್ࢆ⥔ᣢࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬୍᪉࡛㸪Mach ᩘࡢศᕸࡣ 1000 K ࡢ࡜ࡁࡼࡾࡶ 2000 K㸪3000 K ࡢሙྜࡀୗὶࡢ್ࡀᑠࡉ࠸㸬4000 K ࡢሙྜࡣ㸪ୗὶࡲ࡛㧗࠸್ࢆ⥔ᣢࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ࡇࢀࡣ㸪඲ࡢኚ໬࡟క࠺⾪ᧁἼࡢⓎ⏕≧ἣ㸦≉࡟ࣉࣛࢬ࣐ὶ

ฟཱྀ┤ᚋࡢ⾪ᧁἼࡸࡑࡢୗὶࡢ⾪ᧁἼࡢ఩⨨ࡸᙉࡉ࡞࡝㸧ࡀ␗࡞ࡿⅬࡀᙳ㡪ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿ㸬Fig.3 ࡟ࣉࣛࢬ࣐ὶฟཱྀ Mach ᩘࡢᙳ㡪ࢆ♧ࡍ㸦Mach ᩘ 1.8 ࡢሙྜࢆ case3-1㸪1.9 ࡢሙྜࢆ case3-2㸪2.0ࡢሙྜࢆ case3-3㸧㸬ᅗࡼࡾ㏿ᗘ࡜ Mach ᩘࡣࣉࣛࢬ࣐ὶࡢ Mach ᩘࡀᑠࡉࡃ࡞ࡿ࡯࡝ୗὶ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ್ࡀ㧗࠸್ࡀ⥔ᣢࡉࢀࡿഴྥ࡟࠶ࡿ࡜࠸࠼ࡿ㸬37

総合科学技術研究所 2018年度 第1回シンポジウム「流体工学に関するトピックス」

ᚤ⢏Ꮚ࡜ᵓ㐀≀ࡢ⾪✺ࢆక࠺ὶయ–ᵓ㐀㐃ᡂゎᯒ͊Ỉ㔝 ⿱௓*㸪ஂಖ⏣ ⚅⏤**㸪㧗ᶫ ಇ***㸪⚟⏣ ⣫኱*****ᮾᾏ኱Ꮫ኱Ꮫ㝔 ⥲ྜ⌮ᕤᏛ◊✲⛉ ⥲ྜ⌮ᕤᏛᑓᨷ,**ᮾᾏ኱Ꮫ ᕤᏛ◊✲⛉ ᶵᲔᕤᏛᑓᨷ,***ᮾᾏ኱Ꮫ ᕤᏛ㒊 ືຊᶵᲔᕤᏛ⛉,****ᮾᾏ኱Ꮫ ᕤᏛ㒊 ⯟✵ᏱᐂᏛ⛉Ⓨ⾲ࡢせ᪨ࢩࣙࢵࢺࣆ࣮ࢽࣥࢢຍᕤᢏ⾡ࡣࣀࢬࣝ࠿ࡽከᩘࡢᚤ⢏Ꮚࢆᨺᑕࡋຍᕤ≀࡟⾪✺ࡉࡏࡿࡇ࡜࡛㸪ຍᕤ≀࡟ṧ␃ᛂຊࢆⓎ⏕ࡉࡏ࡚⑂ປᙉᗘࡢྥୖࢆ┠ⓗ࡜ࡋࡓຍᕤᢏ⾡࡛࠶ࡿ㸬㏆ᖺ࡛ࡣ㸪ຍᕤ≀ࡢᙧ≧ࡢ」㞧
໬ࡸ኱ᆺ໬࡟ࡼࡾ㧗⢭ᗘ࠿ࡘ㧗ຠ⋡࡞ຍᕤࡀồࡵࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ࡑࡢࡓࡵ࡟ࡣ㸪ຍᕤ≀࡟࠾ࡅࡿ⌧㇟ᢕᥱࡢࡳ࡞ࡽࡎ㸪ὶࢀሙ࡜ᚤ⢏Ꮚࡢᖸ΅ࢆ⪃៖ࡋࡓᚤ⢏Ꮚࡢᣲືࡢᢕᥱࡸணࡀᚲせ࡛࠶ࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿ㸬ᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣὶࢀሙ࡜ᚤ⢏Ꮚࡢᖸ΅ࢆ⪃៖ࡋࡓὶయ–ᵓ㐀㐃ᡂゎᯒࢆ⾜࠺ࡇ࡜࡛㸪ὶయ㸪ᚤ⢏Ꮚ㸪ຍᕤ≀ࡢ┦஫స⏝ࡢ⌧㇟ᢕᥱ࡜ᚤ⢏Ꮚࡢ㐠ືࡸ⾪✺ணࣔࢹࣝࡢᵓ⠏ࢆ┠ⓗ࡜ࡍࡿ㸬ὶయゎᯒ࡛ࡣ 3 ḟඖ㠀ᅽ⦰ᛶὶయゎᯒࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛ࡟ᇙࡵ㎸ࡳቃ⏺ἲࢆ㐺⏝ࡍࡿ㸬ᇙࡵ㎸ࡳቃ⏺ἲ࡛ࡣ≀యࡣ┤஺᱁Ꮚୖ࡛⾲⌧ࡉࢀࡿࡓࡵ᱁Ꮚࡢ෌⏕ᡂࡀ୙せ࡛࠶ࡿࡓࡵ⛣ື࣭ኚᙧࡍࡿ≀యࡸ」ᩘࡢ≀యࢆᐜ᫆࡟ྲྀࡾᢅ࠺ࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿ㸬ᵓ㐀ゎᯒ࡛ࡣືⓗ㝧ゎἲࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ 3 ḟඖᙎረᛶᵓ㐀ゎᯒࣉࣟࢢ࣒࡛ࣛゎᯒࢆ⾜࠺㸬ࡇࢀࡽࢆ㐃ᡂࡉࡏࡿࡇ࡜࡛ 3 ḟඖὶయ–ᵓ㐀㐃ᡂゎᯒࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛࢆ㛤Ⓨࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣὶయ࠿ࡽᵓ㐀࡟ࡣᵓ㐀≀࡟⾪✺ࡍࡿᚤ⢏Ꮚ㏿ᗘࡸ఩⨨᝟ሗࢆΏࡋ㸪ᵓ㐀࠿ࡽὶయ࡟ࡣᵓ㐀≀ࡢᙧ≧ኚ໬ࡢ᝟ሗࢆΏࡍ loosely coupling ࢆ⾜࠺㸬
ᅗ 1 ࡟♧ࡍࡼ࠺࡞኱つᶍὶయゎᯒ࠿ࡽᩘ༓ಶࡢᚤ⢏Ꮚࡲࢃࡾࡢὶࢀሙࡢ≉ᛶᢕᥱࢆ⾜ࡗࡓ㸬ὶࢀሙ࡜㐠ືࡍࡿᚤ⢏Ꮚࡢ┦ᑐ㏿ᗘࡀ⏕ࡌࡿࡇ࡜࡛

ࡀ⏕ᡂࡉࢀࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ

☜ㄆࡋ㸪ຍᕤ≀㏆ഐ࡟࠾ࡅࡿᚤ⢏Ꮚࡢ㐠ື≉ᛶ࡟ᙳ㡪ࡍࡿ⤖ᯝࢆᚓࡽࢀࡓ㸬㐃ᡂゎᯒ࡛ࡣࡇࢀࡲ࡛࡟ 2 ḟඖὶయ–ᵓ㐀㐃ᡂゎᯒࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛࡢᵓ⠏ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓ㸬ᚤ⢏Ꮚࡀຍᕤ≀࡟⾪✺ࡋຍᕤ≀࡟ṧ␃ᛂຊࡀ⏕ࡌࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡗ࡚㸪ᚤ⢏Ꮚࡢ⾪✺࣭㊴
ࡡ㏉ࡾ㏿ᗘ࡟ᕪ␗ࡀ⏕ࡌࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ☜ㄆࡋࡓ㸦ᅗ 2)㸬ᚤ⢏Ꮚ࡜ຍᕤ≀ࡢ᥋ゐࣔࢹࣝࡣᚑ᮶⏝࠸ࡽࢀࡿ Hertz ࡢ᥋ゐFigure 1. Isosurface of Q-criterion and particles.

ࣔࢹࣝࢆ⏝࠸ࡓࡀ㸪3 ḟඖ㐃ᡂゎᯒ࡛ࡣࡼࡾపࢥࢫࢺ࠿
ࡘ㧗⢭ᗘ࡞ண

ࢆ⾜࠺ࡓࡵ࡟᪂ࡓ࡟๛య᥋ゐࣔࢹࣝࢆ㛤Ⓨࡋ㐺⏝ࡋࡓ㸬

Figure 2. Vortex distributions and cylinder velocities.

38

総合科学技術研究所 2018年度 第1回シンポジウム「流体工学に関するトピックス」

஧Ⰽ㠀ᐃᖖ PSP ࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ㠀ᐃᖖὶయィ͊἟⏣኱ᶞ**ᮾᾏ኱Ꮫ ᕤᏛ㒊 ⯟✵ᏱᐂᏛ⛉ ⯟✵ᏱᐂᏛᑓᨷ
Ⓨ⾲ࡢせ᪨ ㏆ᖺ㸪ᨭᣢᖸ΅ࡢၥ㢟ࢆゎᾘࡋ㣕⩧యࡢ✵ຊ≉ᛶࢆࡼࡾᐇ㣕⾜⎔ቃ࡟㏆࠸ᙧ࡛᥎⟬ࡍࡿ᪉ἲ࡜ࡋ࡚㸪ࣂࣜࢫࢸ࢕ࢵࢡࣞࣥࢪࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ㣕⾜యᑕฟᐇ㦂ࡀὀ┠ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ࣂࣜࢫࢸ࢕ࢵࢡࣞࣥࢪࡣヨ㦂ᶍᆺࢆ㧗ᅽ࢞ࢫࡸⅆ⸆ࡢ⇞↝࢞ࢫࢆ⏝࠸࡚ள㡢㏿ 㹼 ᴟ㉸㡢㏿ࡢᖜᗈ࠸㏿ᗘᇦࡲ࡛ຍ㏿ࡋヨ㦂㒊ෆ࡟ᑕฟࡍࡿ
ࡇ࡜ࡀྍ⬟࡞ᐇ㦂⿦⨨࡛࠶ࡾ㸪ヨ㦂ᶍᆺࡣヨ㦂㒊ෆ࡛⮬⏤㣕⾜ࡍࡿࡓࡵྛ✀ࡢᨭᣢᶵᵓࡀ୙せ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬ࡑࡢࡓࡵ㸪ᶍᆺ࿘ࡾ࡟⏕ࡌࡿὶࢀሙࡣᶍᆺ⏤᮶ࡢࡶࡢࡔࡅ࡜࡞ࡾ㸪ᨭᣢ⿦⨨ࡢᙳ㡪ࢆ᤼㝖ࡋࡓᙧ࡟࠾ࡅ
ࡿ✵ຊ≉ᛶホ౯ࡀྍ⬟࡜࡞ࡿ㸬ࡋ࠿ࡋ࡞ࡀࡽ㸪ࣂࣜࢫࢸ࢕ࢵࢡࣞࣥࢪᐇ㦂࡟ࡼࡿᐃ㔞ⓗ࡞✵ຊ≉ᛶホ౯ࡣ୍⯡ⓗ࡟ࡣᅔ㞴࡛࠶ࡿ㸬౛࠼ࡤᶍᆺୖࡢᅽຊศᕸࢆྲྀᚓࡋࡓ࠸ሙྜ࡞࡝࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡣ㸪㢼Ὕヨ㦂ᶍᆺ࡛ࡣ㟼ᅽᏍࡸྛ✀ࡢᅽຊࢭࣥࢧ
➼ࢆᶍᆺ⾲㠃࡟タࡅࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ࡑࢀࡀᐇ⌧ࡉࢀࡿ㸬ࡋ࠿ࡋ࡞ࡀࡽ㸪ࣂࣜࢫࢸ࢕ࢵࢡࣞࣥࢪ࡛ྠᵝࡢࢹ࣮ࢱྲྀᚓࢆ┠ᣦࡍሙྜ㸪ࢭࣥࢧࡸࡑࢀ࡟௜㝶ࡍࡿィ⣔ࡢ㢮ࡣ㣕⩧యෆ࡟᱁⣡ࡍࡿᚲせࡀ࠶ࡾ㸪≉࡟࣐ࢬࣝᚄࡀᑠࡉ࠸ࣂࣜࢫࢸ࢕ࢵࢡࣞࣥࢪࢆ⏝࠸ࡓẚ㍑ⓗᑠᆺࡢ㣕⩧యࢆᑕฟࡍࡿᐇ㦂࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡣ㸪ィ⿦⨨㢮ࡢ኱ᖜ࡞ᑠᆺ໬ࡶᚲせ࡜࡞ࡾ㸪✵ຊࢹ࣮ࢱྲྀᚓࡣᅔ㞴ࢆక࠺㸬ࡑࡢࡼ࠺࡞୰㸪ᐃ㔞ⓗ࡞✵ຊ≉ᛶホ౯ࢆᐇ⌧ࡍࡿࡓࡵࡢィᡭἲࡢྍ⬟ᛶࡢ୍ࡘ࡜ࡋ࡚㸪ឤᅽሬᩱ(Pressure-Sensitive Paint, PSP) ᢏ⾡ࡀὀ┠ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬PSP ࡣ㓟⣲ᾘගస⏝ࢆཷࡅࡿ⺯ගⰍ⣲ࢆ⏝࠸ࡓᅽຊࢭࣥࢧࡢ୍✀࡛࠶ࡿ㸬Ⰽ⣲ࡣ㓟⣲㏱㐣ᛶࢆ᭷ࡍࡿࣂ࢖ࣥࢲࢆ⏝࠸࡚ᶍᆺୖ࡟ᅛᐃࡉࢀࡓᚋ࡟ບ㉳ග࡛ບ㉳ࡉࢀ㸪ࡑࡢ㝿ࡢⰍ⣲ࡢⓎගᙉᗘࡀ࿘ᅖࡢ㓟⣲⃰ᗘ࡟ᛂࡌ࡚ኚ໬ࡍࡿ࡜࠸࠺≉ᛶࢆ⏝࠸࡚ PSP ሬᕸ㠃ࡢ⾲㠃ᅽຊࢆ㠃࡛࠿ࡘྠ᫬࡟ィࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࢆྍ⬟࡜ࡍࡿ㸬ࡇࡢ PSP ᢏ⾡ࡣ≀య⾲㠃࠿ࡽࡢⓎග᳨ฟࡀィࡢ୺య࡜࡞ࡿࡓࡵ㸪ᚑ᮶ἲࡢࡼ࠺࡟ᶍᆺ⮬య࡟」㞧࡞⣽ᕤࡸ㓄⥺➼ࢆ᪋ࡍᚲせࡀ↓ࡃ㸪ࣂࣜࢫࢸ࢕ࢵ
ࢡࣞࣥࢪᐇ㦂࡟㐺⏝ࡍࡿ㝿࡟ࡣཎ⌮ⓗ࡟ぶ࿴ᛶࡀ㧗࠸㸬ࡋ࠿ࡋ࡞ࡀࡽ㸪PSP ィᢏ⾡ࢆࣂࣜࢫࢸ࢕ࢵࢡࣞࣥࢪᐇ㦂࡟ᑐࡋ࡚㐺⏝ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡣ㸪୍⯡ⓗ࡟ᅔ㞴࡛࠶ࡿ㸬ࡑࡢ⌮⏤ࡢ୍ࡘ࡜ࡋ࡚㸪PSP ィ(ᙉᗘἲ) ࡟ᚲせ࡜࡞ࡿཧ↷⏬ീࡢྲྀᚓࡀᅔ㞴࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀᣲ

ࡆࡽࢀࡿ㸬ࣂࣜࢫࢸ࢕ࢵࢡࣞࣥࢪᐇ㦂࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡣ㸪㣕⩧యࡣ࣐ࢬࣝ࠿ࡽᑕฟࡉࢀࡓᚋࡣヨ㦂㒊ෆࢆ⮬⏤㣕⾜ࡍࡿୖ㸪ࢩࣙࢵࢺẖ࡟᏶඲࡟ྠࡌጼໃ㸪ྠࡌᙎ㐨࡛㣕⩧ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡶಖドࡉࢀ࡚࠾ࡽࡎ㸪ཧ↷⏬ീࢆ
㏻ᖖࡢ PSP ࡛⏝࠸ࡽࢀࡿ᪉ἲ࡛ྲྀᚓࡋࡼ࠺࡜ࡋ࡚ࡶᅔ㞴࡛࠶ࡿ㸬ࡑࡢࡓࡵ㸪㏻㢼⏬ീ (ᐇ㦂⏬ീ) ࡜ཧ↷⏬ീ࡟ࡼࡿⓎගᙉᗘẚࡢ⟬ฟࡀฟ᮶ࡎ㸪⤖ᯝ࡜ࡋ࡚ PSP ࡢࢹ࣮ࢱゎᯒࢆᅔ㞴࡜ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ᮏ◊✲ࡣ㸪ୖ㏙ࡢၥ㢟ࢆゎỴࡋ㸪ࣂࣜࢫࢸ࢕ࢵࢡࣞࣥࢪヨ㦂࡟ᑐࡋ࡚㐺⏝ྍ⬟࡞ PSP ィᡭἲ࡜ࡋ࡚㸪

ཧ↷⏬ീ࡜ᐇ㦂⏬ീࢆྠ᫬ྲྀᚓྍ⬟࡛࠶ࡿ 2 ⰍⓎගᆺ PSP ᢏ⾡࡟╔┠ࡋ㸪ࡑࡢ㛤Ⓨࢆ┠ᣦࡍࡶࡢ࡛࠶
ࡿ㸬࣮࣋ࢫ࡜࡞ࡿ PSP ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡣ⛣ື⾪ᧁἼࡢྍど໬ࡀྍ⬟࡞ࢧࣈ࣐࢖ࢡࣟ⛊ࡢ᫬㛫ᛂ⟅ᛶࢆ᭷ࡍࡿ㉸㧗㏿ᛂ⟅ᆺឤᅽሬᩱࡢ⓶⭷≉ᛶࢆᨵⰋࡋࡓ㝧ᴟ㓟໬⓶⭷ᆺ PSP ࢆ⏝࠸㸪ࡇࢀ࡟ᑐࡋ࡚ཧ↷Ⰽ⣲ࢆΰྜࡍࡿ
ࡇ࡜࡛㉸㧗㏿ᛂ⟅ᆺࡢ 2 ⰍⓎගᆺ PSP ࢆసᡂࡍࡿ㸬ᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣ㸪సᡂࡋࡓ 2 ⰍⓎගᆺ PSP ࡟ᑐࡋ࡚≉ᛶホ౯ヨ㦂ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓ⤖ᯝ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ሗ࿌ࡍࡿ㸬ేࡏ࡚㸪㛤Ⓨࡋࡓ PSP ࢆࣂࣜࢫࢸ࢕ࢵࢡࣞࣥࢪᐇ㦂࡟㐺⏝ࡋ㸪ྍど໬ィࢆ⾜ࡗࡓ౛࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡶሗ࿌ࡍࡿ㸬39

๓㍯㥑ື⮬ື㌴ࡢ࢚ࣥࢪࣥ෭༷㢼࡟ࡼࡿ✵ẼຊᏛⓗᝏᙳ㡪ࡢపῶ⃝ཱྀᣅேࠊ㧗಴ⴥᏊ㸦ᮾᾏ኱Ꮫ኱Ꮫ㝔ᕤᏛ◊✲⛉ᶵᲔᕤᏛᑓᨷ㸧Reduction of aerodynamically undesirable influences due to engine cooling airflow of FF car
Takuto SAWAGUCHI, YokoTAKAKURA(Tokai Univ., Course of Mechanical Engineering, Kitakaname , Hiratsuka,Kanagawa, 259-1292 Japan)࣮࣮࢟࣡ࢻ㸸ᢠຊࠊᥭຊࠊ✵Ẽྲྀධ᪉ᘧࠊᗋୗὶ㏿ࠊከⅬᅽຊィ
Key Words : Drag, Lift, Air inlet system, Underfloor velocity, Multi-point pressure measurement
Abstract
The purpose of this research is to clarify the change of characteristics of aerodynamic drag and lift of an FF
car with the engine loading system of width placement by the air inlet system in wind-tunnel experiments
and to consider methods to reduce the drag and lift㸬A simplified 1/5 scale car model was produced withreproduction of the engine room covered with the transparent acryl externals for visualization㸬In thewind-tunnel experiments㸪the moving-belt ground board was adopted to capture ground effects with force
measurements by use of load cells. As results, with enlargement of the opening area, the drag increased, thefront lift increased and the rear lift decreased. As the exhaust air to the underfloor increased㸪the turbulent
intensity measured by RMS increased and the underfloor velocity decreased㸬Consequently㸪it is consideredthat the higher pressure in the engine room and on the front surface increased the drag, and the higher
pressure under the engine room and downward momentum of the exhaust air increased the front lift, and thelower pressure under the floor in the downstream of the engine room decreased the rear lift. It is suggested
that treatment of cooling-flow exhaust is important to reduce the drag and lift.

㸯ࡣࡌࡵ࡟
㏆ᖺ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ၥ㢟ࡢ῝้໬ࡸᆅ⌫ ᬮ໬ࡢᙳ㡪ࢆཷࡅ⮬ື㌴ࡢప⇞㈝໬ࡀ㔜せ࡞ㄢ㢟࡜࡞ࡗ࡚࠾ࡾࠊ✵Ẽ᢬ᢠࡣ⮬ື㌴ࡢ⇞㈝ᛶ⬟࡟኱ࡁ࡞ᙳ㡪ࢆཬࡰࡍ(1, 2, 3)ࠋ✵Ẽ᢬ᢠࡢᇶᮏศ㢮ࡣᅽຊ᢬ᢠ
࡜ᦶ᧿᢬ᢠ࡛࠶ࡿࡀࠊᙧ≧᢬ᢠ(୺࡟ᅽຊ᢬ᢠ㸧ࠊ྿ࡁᢤࡅ᢬ᢠࠊㄏᑟ᢬ᢠࠊᖸ΅᢬ᢠࡢ✀㢮࡟ࡶศ㢮ࡉࢀࡿࠋ⮬ື㌴ࡢ✵Ẽ᢬ᢠࡢ 75㸣ࡣ㌴యࡢᙧ≧࡟ࡼࡿࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡾࠊ⮬ື㌴ࡢ✵ຊ㛤Ⓨ࡟࠾࠸࡚᭱ࡶ㔜どࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡢࡣ㌴యᙧ≧ࡢ᭱㐺໬࡛࠶ࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿ(4)ࠋ㌴యᙧ≧ࡢ᭱㐺໬ࡢṔྐࡣ 1920ᖺ௦࡟ࡲ࡛ࡉ࠿ࡢࡰࡾࠊᙜ᫬ࡢᖹᆒᢠຊಀᩘ(CD)್ࡣ 0.8 ๓ᚋ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࡀࠊ⌧ᅾ࡛ࡣ CD ್ 0.3 ࢆୗᅇࡿᕷ㈍㌴ࡀ⏕⏘ࡉࢀ࡚࠾ࡾࠊ⣙ 100 ᖺࡢ㛫࡟኱ࡁࡃ㐍໬ࢆ㐙ࡆ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ㏆ᖺ᭦࡞ࡿ✵Ẽ᢬ᢠࡢ๐ῶࢆᐇ⌧ࡍࡿࡓࡵᙧ≧᢬ᢠࡔࡅ࡛࡞ࡃࠊ྿ࡁᢤࡅ✵Ẽ᢬ᢠ᢬ᢠ๐ῶ࡟ࡶὀ┠ࡀ㞟ࡲࡿࡼ࠺࡟࡞ࡗࡓࠋ
࢚ࣥࢪ࣮࣒ࣥࣝ࡟෭༷㢼ࡀྲྀࡾ㎸ࡲࢀࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡿ྿ࡁᢤࡅ✵Ẽ᢬ᢠࡣ඲✵Ẽ᢬ᢠࡢ ࢆ༨ࡵ࡚
࠾ࡾࠊ㌴యࡢᙧ≧ᨵၿࡀ㐍ࢇࡔ⌧ᅾࠊ෭༷᢬ᢠࡢ๐ῶ࡟ຊࡀධࢀࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ(4, 5, 6, 7)ࠋⴭ⪅ࡽࡣࠊᶍᆺࡢ࢚ࣥࢪࣥ෭༷㢼ྲྀධཱྀࡢ㛤ཱྀ㠃✚ࢆኚ໬ࡉࡏᢠຊࠊᥭຊ࡬ࡢᙳ㡪ࢆㄪ࡭ࠊ࢚ࣥ
ࢪࣥ෭༷㢼ྲྀධཱྀ㠃✚࠾ࡼࡧ࢚ࣥࢪࣥᦚ㍕᪉ᘧ࡞࡝ࡀ✵Ẽ᢬ᢠࠊ๓ᥭຊࡢ኱ࡁࡉ࡟ᙳ㡪ࢆཬࡰࡋ࡚
࠸ࡿࡇ࡜(8, 9)ࠊࡉࡽ࡟෭༷㢼ࡢᤲẼࡀᗋୗ㏿ᗘ࡟ᙳ㡪ࢆཬࡰࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜(10)ࢆ᳨ドࡋࡓࠋ௒ᅇࡣᅜ
⏘ᕷ㈍㌴࡟࠾࠸࡚ᗈࡃ᥇⏝ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ )) ㌴ࡢᶓ⨨ࡁ࢚ࣥࢪࣥᦚ㍕᪉ᘧ࡟࠾࠸࡚࢚ࣥࢪࣥ෭༷㢼࡟ࡼࡿ✵Ẽ᢬ᢠⓎ⏕ཎᅉ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࠊ↮ἲ࡟ࡼࡿྍど໬ࠊ⇕⥺㢼㏿ィ࡟ࡼࡿᗋୗὶ㏿࠾ࡼࡧ 506 ஘ὶ

40

前輪駆動自動車のエンジン冷却風による空気力学的悪影響の低減ᙉᗘ ࡢィ ࠊ㌴య࿘ࡾࠊ࢚ࣥࢪ࣮࣒ࣥࣝෆ㒊࡛ࡢከⅬྠ᫬ᅽຊ ᐃ(11) ࢆ⾜࠸ࠊ࢚ࣥࢪࣥ෭༷㢼࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ᢠຊࠊᥭຊࡀⓎ⏕ࡍࡿཎᅉ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚⪃ᐹࡋࠊࡑࡢᝏᙳ㡪ࡢపῶࡢ᪉㔪ࢆᥦゝࡍࡿࠋᐇ㦂᪉ἲ ᐇ㦂ᶍᆺᐇ㦂ᶍᆺ࡟ࡣ )LJ ࡢ  ࢫࢣ࣮ࣝᶍᆺࢆ⏝࠸ࡿࠋࢧ࢖ࢬࡣ 7DEOH ࡢ࡜࠾ࡾ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡇࡢᶍᆺࡣ )LJ ࡢࡼ࠺࡟ᅜ⏘㔞⏘㌴࡛௦⾲ⓗ࡞㥑ື᪉ᘧ࡛࠶ࡿ )) ᪉ᘧ࡜ )5 ᪉ᘧࡢ࢚ࣥࢪࣥࠊࢺࣛࣥࢫ࣑
ࢵࢩࣙࣥࡢ㓄⨨ࡀྍ⬟࡛࠶ࡿࡀࠊࡇࡇ࡛ࡣ๓⪅ࡢᶓ⨨ࡁ ZLGWKSODFHPHQW ᦚ㍕᪉ᘧࢆᢅ࠺ࠋ✵Ẽྲྀධࡢࡓࡵࡢ㛤ཱྀ㒊ࡣ 7DEOH ࡢࡼ࠺࡟⦪ᖜࢆ PP㹼PP ࡢ㛫࡛㸴ẁ㝵ኚ᭦࡛ࡁࡿࡼ࠺࡟ࡋࠊ
)LJ ࡟♧ࡍࡼ࠺࡟ୗ᪉࠿ࡽ኱ࡁࡃ࡞ࡿୗ᪉఩⨨ ORZHUSRVLWLRQ ࡜ୖ᪉࠿ࡽ኱ࡁࡃ࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡃୖ
᪉఩⨨ XSSHUSRVLWLRQ ࡢ  ✀㢮ࢆ⏝ពࡋࡓࠋ࢚ࣥࢪ࣮࣒ࣥࣝࡢእ⿦࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣ↮ἲ࡟ࡼࡿྍど໬ࢆ⾜࠺ࡓࡵ㏱᫂࡞࢔ࢡࣜࣝᯈ࡛సᡂࡋࡓࠋࡉࡽ࡟ࠊᐇ㌴ࡢࣛࢪ࢚࣮ࢱࡢᅽຊಀᩘ &S ᦆኻࢆィࡋ࡚ྠ➼ࡢ &S ᦆኻࢆ᭷ࡍࡿࣛࢪ࢚࣮ࢱᶍᆺࢆసᡂࡋ⿦╔ࡋࡓࠋࡲࡓࠊᮏᶍᆺࡣእ⿦ࢆྲྀࡾ᥮࠼ࡽ
ࢀࡿᵓ㐀ࢆ᭷ࡋ࡚࠾ࡾࠊ㌴య࿘ࡾࡢᅽຊ ᐃ࡛ࡣࠊ㌴య୰ኸᑐ⛠㠃ୖ࡟ᅽຊᏍࢆタࡅࡓእ⿦ࢆู㏵
సᡂࡋ ᐃ࡟౑⏝ࡋࡓࠋ࢚ࣥࢪࣥᮏయࡣ㏻ᖖࡢᐇ㦂⏝࡜ู࡟ࠊᅽຊ ᐃ⏝࡟࢚ࣥࢪࣥ୰ᚰᑐ⛠㠃ୖ࡟ᅽຊᏍࢆタࡅࡓࡶࡢࢆసᡂࡋࡓࠋࡲࡓࠊ࢚ࣥࢪ࣮࣒ࣥࣝ⫼㠃࡟࠶ࡿ࢟ࣕࣅࣥࡢࡋࡁࡾᯈ࡟ࡶᅽຊᏍࢆタࡅࡓࠋࡉࡽ࡟㌴యࡢ࢚ࣥࢪࣥ෭༷㢼ྲྀධཱྀ㏆ഐ࡟ᅽຊᏍࢆヨ㦂ⓗ࡟タࡅࡓࠋ ᐇ㦂⿦⨨ཬࡧ᪉ἲ
ᮾᾏ኱Ꮫ኱ᆺప㏿㢼Ὕ㸦྿ฟཱྀ㸸㧗ࡉ Pᖜ P㸧(12) ࡢィ 㒊࡟ቃ⏺ᒙ྾࠸㎸ࡳ⿦⨨௜ࡁ࣒࣮ࣅࣥࢢ࣋ࣝࢺࢆタ⨨ࡋ౪ヨࣔࢹࣝࢆ㔠ᒓᲬ࡜࣡࢖࡛ࣖᅛᐃࡋ࡚࣮ࣟࢻࢭ࡛ࣝᢠຊ࡜ᥭຊࢆ ᐃࡍࡿࠋ࣮ࣟࢻࢭࣝ࠿ࡽࡢಙྕࢆࢫࢺࣞ࢖ࣥ࢔ࣥࣉࠊ$' ኚ᥮ჾࢆ⤒⏤ࡋ࡚ࣃࢯࢥࣥ࡟㏦ࡿࠋࢧࣥࣉ
ࣜࣥࢢ࿘ᮇࢆ PVࠊࢧࣥࣉࣜࣥࢢᩘࢆ  ࡜ࡋࡓࠋᐇ㦂᮲௳ࡣ㢼㏿࡜࣒࣮ࣅࣥࢢ࣋ࣝࢺ㏦ࡾ㏿ᗘࢆ PVࠊ࣮ࣟࢻࢡࣜ࢔ࣛࣥࢫࢆ PP ࡜ࡋࡓࠋ࢚ࣥࢪ࣮࣒ࣥࣝෆ㒊ὶࢀࡣ -$5, ᘧ↮Ⓨ⏕⿦⨨㸦ࢶࢡࣂࣜ࢝ࢭ࢖࢟ ᰴ 〇㸧ࢆ⏝࠸↮ἲ࡛ྍど໬ࡋࠊ㌴యᗋୗࡢὶ㏿ࢆ⇕⥺㢼㏿ィ +,:㸦᪥ᮏ࢝ࣀ࣐ࢵࢡࢫ ᰴ 〇㸧ࢆ⏝࠸ࢧࣥࣉࣜࣥࢢ࿘ᮇ PVࢧࣥࣉࣜࣥࢢᩘ  ࡛ ᐃࡋࠊ⾲㠃ᅽຊࡣከⅬྠ᫬ᅽຊィ 㸦㸧࡟ࡼࡾ⾜ࡗࡓࠋ౑⏝ࡋࡓ༙ᑟయᅽຊࢭࣥࢧ࣮ࡣ 06㸦0HDVXUHPHQW6SHFLDOLWLHV,QF〇㸧࡛࠶ࡾࢧࣥࣉࣜࣥࢢ࿘ᮇ PVࠊࢧࣥࣉࣜࣥࢢᩘ  ࡜ࡋࡓࠋ

EngineTransmission

radiator







Fig.1 1/5 scale model
Width placement for FF

Length placement for FR

Fig.2 Type of engine loading system

41

前輪駆動自動車のエンジン冷却風による空気力学的悪影響の低減





350mm

width: 180mm

100mm

160mm

85mm

30mm

length

Lower position

Upper position
Fig.3 Detail of air inlet

Table 1 Specification of 1/5 scale model
full length

980mm

full width

350mm

full height

315mm

wheel base

670mm

Table 2 Size of air inlet
width of air inlet

length of air inlet

180mm

0mm

180mm

20mm

180mm

40mm

180mm

60mm

180mm
80mm


180mm
100mm



ᐇ㦂⤖ᯝ ⠇ࡢຊࡢ ᐃ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡣࠊ✵Ẽྲྀධཱྀࡢ㛤ཱྀ᪉ᘧࡣୗ᪉఩⨨࡜ୖ᪉఩⨨ࡢ୧᪉ࢆ♧ࡍࡀࠊ
⠇௨ୗࡢྍど໬ࠊᗋୗ㏿ᗘ ᐃࠊ⾲㠃ᅽຊ ᐃ࡛ࡣࠊ㛤ཱྀ㒊ୗ᪉఩⨨ࡢࡳࢆ♧ࡍࠋ ຊࡢ ᐃ)LJ ࡣࡑࢀࡒࢀ✵Ẽྲྀධཱྀ⦪ᖜ ᶓ㍈ ࡟ᑐࡍࡿᢠຊಀᩘࠊ๓ᥭຊಀᩘࠊᚋᥭຊಀᩘࢆ♧ࡋ࡚࠾ࡾࠊ D ࡣࣛࢪ࢚࣮ࢱ↓ࡋࠊ E ࡣࣛࢪ࢚࣮ࢱ௜ࡁࢆ⾲ࡍࠋ㛤ཱྀ㒊఩⨨ ORZHU XSSHU ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ࡶ㐪࠸ࡣ࠶ࡿࡀࠊ㛤ཱྀ㒊⦪ᖜࡢቑຍ࡟క࠸ࠊ)LJ ࡼࡾᢠຊࡣቑຍࡍࡿഴྥ࡟࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀࢃ࠿ࡾࠊ
)LJ ࡼࡾ๓ᥭຊࡣቑຍࡍࡿഴྥ࡟࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ☜ㄆ࡛ࡁࠊ)LJ ࡼࡾᚋᥭຊࡣῶᑡࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ
☜ㄆ࡛ࡁࡿࠋ
ࡇࢀࡽࡢഴྥࡣࣛࢪ࢚࣮ࢱࡢ⿦╔࡟ࡼࡾ㛤ཱྀ㒊ࡢ㠃✚࡜఩⨨࡟ࡼࡿኚ໬ࡀᑠࡉࡃ࡞ࡿࠋᢠຊࡣ㛤ཱྀ㒊⦪ᖜ PP ௨ୖ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࣛࢪ࢚࣮ࢱ↓ࡼࡾῶᑡࡍࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊ๓ᥭຊࡣ㛤ཱྀ㒊⦪ᖜࡀᑠࡉ࠸࡜ࡁ
ࣛࢪ࢚࣮ࢱ↓ࡼࡾቑຍࡋࠊ኱ࡁ࠸࡜ࡁῶᑡࡍࡿࠋᚋᥭຊࡣ㛤ཱྀ㒊⦪ᖜࡀᑠࡉ࠸࡜ࡁࣛࢪ࢚࣮ࢱ↓ࡼࡾῶᑡࡋࠊ኱ࡁ࠸࡜ࡁቑຍࡍࡿࠋ





42

前輪駆動自動車のエンジン冷却風による空気力学的悪影響の低減

Lower position
upper position

coeficient of dragcoeficient of drag

0.81
0.79
0.77
0.75
0.73
0.71
0.69
0.67

0.81

lower position

0.79

upper position

0.77
0.75
0.73
0.71
0.69
0.67
0.65

0.65
0

20

40

60

80

heigth of air inlet mm





0

100

100

(b) with radiator(a)without radiator
Fig.4 Relation of height of air inlet and drag

0.7

lower position

0.8

lower position

upper position

0.7

upper position

coefficient of front Lift

coefficient of front Lift

0.8

0.6

0.6

0.5

0.5

0.4

0.4
0.3

0.3

0.2

0.2

0.1

0.1

0
0

20

40

60

80

0

100

0

height of air inlet mm




20
40
60
80
height of air inlet mm(a)without radiator

100(b) with radiator

Fig.5 Relation of height of air inlet and lift

coefficient of rear lift

upper position

0

20

40
60
80
heigth of air inlet mm100

coefficient of rear lift

lower position

0.25
0.2
0.15
0.1
0.05
0
-0.05
-0.1
-0.15
-0.2
-0.25






20
40
60
80
heigth of air inlet mm

0.25
0.2
0.15
0.1
0.05
0
-0.05
-0.1
-0.15
-0.2
-0.25

lower position
upper position

0(a)without radiator

20
40
60
80
heigth of air inlet mm(b) with radiator

100

Fig.6 Relation of height of air inlet and lift

43

前輪駆動自動車のエンジン冷却風による空気力学的悪影響の低減 ࢚ࣥࢪ࣮࣒ࣥࣝෆ㒊ࡢ↮ἲ࡟ࡼࡿྍど໬Fig.7 ࡣࠊ࢚ࣥࢪࣥᦚ㍕᪉ᘧᶓ⨨ࡁࣛࢪ࢚࣮ࢱ௜ࡁ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ㛤ཱྀ㒊ୗ᪉఩⨨ 20mmࠊ80mm
ࡢ↮ἲࡢẚ㍑⤖ᯝ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡇࡢẚ㍑࡟ࡼࡾ㛤ཱྀ㒊 20mm ࡛ࡣ㛤ཱྀ㒊࠿ࡽὶධࡋ࢚ࣥࢪࣥୖ㠃ࡲ࡛ୖ᪼ࡍࡿὶࢀ࡜ࠊ࢚ࣥࢪࣥ⫼㠃ᗋୗࡼࡾ࢚ࣥࢪࣥୖ㠃ࡲ࡛ᕳࡁୖࡆࡽࢀࡿ 2 ᪉ྥࡢὶࢀࡀ
Ꮡᅾࡋࠊࡑࡢ 2 ᪉ྥࡢὶࢀࡀ࢚ࣥࢪࣥୖ㠃࡛ྜὶࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ☜ㄆ࡛ࡁࡿࠋ㛤ཱྀ㒊 80mm࡛ࡣ㛤ཱྀ㒊࠿ࡽὶධࡋࡓὶࢀࡣ࢚ࣥࢪࣥୖ㠃ࢆ㏻㐣ࡋ࢚ࣥࢪࣥ⫼㠃࠿ࡽᗋୗ࡟ᤲẼࡉࢀࡿࠋࡲ
ࡓࠊ㛤ཱྀ㒊ୗ㒊࠿ࡽὶධࡋࡓ✵Ẽࡣ࢚ࣥࢪࣥᡭ๓ࡼࡾ࢚ࣥࢪ࣮࣒ࣥࣝᗋୗ࡟ᤲẼࡉࢀࡿࠋ㛤ཱྀ㒊 20mm ࡛ぢࡽࢀࡓࡼ࠺࡞࢚ࣥࢪ࣮࣒ࣥࣝᗋୗ࠿ࡽᕳࡁୖࡆࡽࢀࡿὶࢀࡣ☜ㄆࡉࢀ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࠋ

Air inlet
Air inlet(b) 80mm lower position(a) 20mm lower position
Fig.7 Visualization of engine room by smoke method (side view) ᗋୗὶ㏿ཬࡧ஘ὶᙉᗘ ᐃ)LJ ࡣᗋୗὶ㏿ࡢ ᐃ఩⨨ࢆ♧ࡍࠋ༳ࡣ࣒࣮ࣅࣥࢢ࣋ࣝࢺ࡟㌴యࡸࢱ࢖ࣖࢆᅛᐃࡍࡿ⿦⨨࡟ᖸ΅ࡍࡿࡓࡵ ᐃ୙ྍ⬟࡛࠶ࡗࡓ㒊ศࢆ♧ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ)LJ ࡜ )LJ ࡣᶓ⨨ࡁᦚ㍕᪉ᘧ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ
ᗋୗὶ㏿ ᐃ⤖ᯝ࡜஘ὶᙉᗘ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢ 506㸦5RRW0HDQ6TXDUH㸧ࢆ♧ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
)LJ ࡼࡾ✵Ẽྲྀධཱྀࡢ㠃✚ࡀቑຍࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡛ᗋୗࡢὶ㏿ࡀపୗࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ☜ㄆ࡛ࡁࡿࠋࣛ
ࢪ࢚࣮ࢱࡢ⿦╔࡟ࡼࡾ㛤ཱྀ㒊⦪ᖜ PP ࡛ࡣ㌴యඛ➃࠿ࡽ FP ࡢⅬ࡛㉳ࡇࡿᛴ⃭࡞ὶ㏿పୗࡀ㉳ࡁ࡞ࡃ࡞ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀࢃ࠿ࡿࠋࡋ࠿ࡋࠊ㛤ཱྀ㒊⦪ᖜ PP ࡛ࡣࣛࢪ࢚࣮ࢱ⿦╔࡟ࡼࡿ኱ࡁ࡞ኚ໬ࡣ☜ㄆ࡛ࡁ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࠋ
)LJ ࡼࡾ㛤ཱྀ㒊㠃✚ࡀቑຍࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡛࢚ࣥࢪ࣮࣒ࣥࣝᚋ᪉ᗋୗ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ 506 ࡢୖ᪼ࡀ☜ㄆ࡛ࡁࡓࠋࡲࡓࠊࣛࢪ࢚࣮ࢱࡢ⿦╔࡟ࡼࡾ࢚ࣥࢪ࣮࣒ࣥࣝᚋ᪉ᗋୗ࡛ࡢ 506 ࡀῶᑡࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ☜ㄆ࡛ࡁ
ࡿࠋ







Distance fromfront end
72㻌56㻌90㻌 98㻌
37㻌

24㻌
0㻌 4
(cm)㻌






44

Unmeasurable
range
Fig.8 Measurement position of velocity under floor and RMS

前輪駆動自動車のエンジン冷却風による空気力学的悪影響の低減
20mm(lower)with radiator
20mm(lower)
80mm(lower)with radiator
80mm(lower)

19
17
15

RMS

velocity under floor(m/s)

21

13
11
9
7
0

20
40
60
80
100
distance from front end(cm)Fig.9 Comparison of velocity under floor

20mm(lower)with radiator
20mm(lower)
80mm(lower)with radiator
80mm(lower)

5
4.5
4
3.5
3
2.5
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
0

20
40
60
80
100
distance from front end (cm)Fig.10 Comparison of RMS under floor







 ㌴య࿘ࡾࡢ⾲㠃ᅽຊ ᐃ)LJ ࡟㌴య୰ኸᑐ⛠㠃࡟࠾ࡅࡿᅽຊ ᐃ␒ྕࢆ♧ࡍ㸦ᅽຊᏍࡣ PP 㛫㝸㸧ࠋ)LJ ࡣᶓ⨨ࡁ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ࢚ࣥࢪ࣮࣒ࣥࣝࡼࡾᚋ᪉ࡢᗋୗᅽຊࢆ♧ࡋࡓࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡇࡢ⤖ᯝࡼࡾ✵Ẽྲྀධཱྀ㛤ཱྀ㒊㠃✚ࡢቑຍ࡟ࡼࡾᗋୗࡢᅽຊࡀపୗࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ☜ㄆ࡛ࡁࡓࠋࡲࡓࠊࣛࢪ࢚
࣮ࢱࡢ⿦╔࡟ࡼࡾ㛤ཱྀ㒊⦪ᖜ PP ࡟࠾࠸࡚ᅽຊࡢୖ᪼ࡀ☜ㄆ࡛ࡁࡓࠋ)LJ ࡣᶓ⨨ࡁ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ࢟
ࣕࣅࣥᅽຊࢆ♧ࡋࡓࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡇࡢ⤖ᯝࡼࡾ㛤ཱྀ㒊㠃✚ࡢቑຍ࡟ࡼࡾࣇࣟࣥࢺ࢘࢕ࣥࢻ㒊࡛ࡢᅽຊቑຍ࠾ࡼࡧ࣮ࣝࣇ๓᪉࡛ࡢᅽຊ㝆ୗࡀ☜ㄆࡉࢀࡓࠋࡲࡓࠊࣛࢪ࢚࣮ࢱࡢ⿦╔࡟ࡼࡿ኱ࡁ࡞ᅽຊࡢ
ኚ໬ࡣ☜ㄆ࡛ࡁ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࠋ
࡞࠾㌴యᚋ᪉㸦ᅽຊ ᐃⅬ 㸧࡛ࡣ㛤ཱྀ㒊㠃✚࡟ࡼࡿᅽຊኚ໬ࡣᑠࡉ࠸ࡇ࡜ࡀ☜ㄆࡉࢀࡓࠋ


40 39
53㻌

54㻌











32㻌

61㻌

31㻌

27㻌
26㻌

1㻌
Fig.11 Measurement points of pressure

45

前輪駆動自動車のエンジン冷却風による空気力学的悪影響の低減

20mm(lower)with radiator
20mm(lower)
80mm(lower)with radiator
80mm(lower)

40
0
-20
-40
-60
-80
-100

50
0
-50
-100
-150

-120
0


100
gauge pressure(Pa)gauge pressure(Pa)2020mm(lower)with radiator
20mm(lower)
80mm(lower)with radiator
80mm(lower)

150

10
20
measurment point

30

-200
52
42
measurment point

Fig.12 Comparison of pressure under floor

32

Fig.13 Comparison of pressure on cabin ࢚ࣥࢪࣥᮏయ⾲㠃ᅽຊᐃ

)LJ ࡣ࢚ࣥࢪࣥ୰ኸ㒊࡟࠾ࡅࡿᅽຊ ᐃⅬ␒ྕࢆ♧ࡍ㸦ᅽຊᏍࡣ PP 㛫㝸㸧ࠋ)LJ ࡣ࢚ࣥࢪࣥୖ㠃ࡢᅽຊࢆ♧ࡋ࡚࠾ࡾࠊ඲యⓗ࡟࢚ࣥࢪࣥᚋ᪉࡟࡞ࡿ࡯࡝ᅽຊࡀୖ᪼ࡋ࡚
࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀࢃ࠿ࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊ✵Ẽྲྀධཱྀ㛤ཱྀ㒊⦪ᖜࡀ኱ࡁࡃ࡞ࡿ࡯࡝ᅽຊࡀୖ᪼ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ☜ㄆ࡛ࡁࡿࠋࡉࡽ࡟ࠊࣛࢪ࢚࣮ࢱࡢ⿦╔࡟ࡼࡾᅽຊࡀῶᑡࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡶ☜ㄆ࡛ࡁࡿࠋ
)LJ ࡣ࢚ࣥࢪࣥ๓㠃ࡢᅽຊࢆ♧ࡋ࡚࠾ࡾࠊ✵Ẽྲྀධཱྀ㛤ཱྀ㒊⦪ᖜࡀ኱ࡁࡃ࡞ࡿ࡯࡝ᅽຊࡀୖ
᪼ࡍࡿഴྥ࡟࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀࢃ࠿ࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊ㛤ཱྀ㒊⦪ᖜ PP ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡣࣛࢪ࢚࣮ࢱࡢ⿦╔࡟ࡼࡾᅽຊ
ࡀῶᑡࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀࢃ࠿ࡿࠋ㛤ཱྀ㒊⦪ᖜ PP ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡣࣛࢪ࢚࣮ࢱ↓ࡢ࡜ࡁୖ᪉ࡢ  ␒Ꮝ࡛ࡣᅽ
ຊࡣప࠸ࡀ㛤ཱྀ㒊ୖ➃㧗ࡉ࡟㏆࠸  ␒Ꮝ࡛ࡣ㛤ཱྀ㒊⦪ᖜ PP ࡜ྠ⛬ᗘࡲ࡛ᅽຊࡣୖ᪼ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
ࣛࢪ࢚࣮ࢱࢆ⿦╔ࡍࡿ࡜ࠊ๓㠃ᅽຊࡣᆒ୍໬ࡉࢀࡿࡇ࡜ࡀࢃ࠿ࡿࠋ
)LJ ࡣ࢚ࣥࢪࣥୗ㠃ࡢᅽຊࢆ♧ࡋ࡚࠾ࡾࠊ඲యⓗ࡟࢚ࣥࢪࣥᚋ᪉࡟㏆࡙ࡃ࡯࡝ᅽຊࡀ㧗ࡃ࡞ࡿഴྥ࡟࠶ࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊ㛤ཱྀ㒊⦪ᖜࡀ኱ࡁࡃ࡞ࡿ࡯࡝ᅽຊࡀୖ᪼ࡍࡿഴྥ࡟࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ☜ㄆ࡛ࡁࡿࠋ
ࡉࡽ࡟ࠊࣛࢪ࢚࣮ࢱࡢ⿦╔࡟ࡼࡾᅽຊ໙㓄ࡀᑠࡉࡃ࡞ࡾࠊ୍ᐃ࡜࡞ࡿഴྥ࡟࠶ࡿࠋ
)LJ ࡣ࢚ࣥࢪࣥ⫼㠃ࡢᅽຊࢆ♧ࡋ࡚࠾ࡾࠋ㛤ཱྀ㒊⦪ᖜࡀ኱ࡁࡃ࡞ࡿ࡯࡝ᅽຊࡀ㧗ࡃ࡞ࡿࡇ࡜
ࡀ☜ㄆ࡛ࡁࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊࣛࢪ࢚࣮ࢱࡢ⿦╔࡟ࡼࡾ PP ࡛ࡣᅽຊࡀ኱ᖜ࡟ୗࡀࡿࡀࠊPP ࡛ࡣࢃࡎ࠿
࡟ୗࡀࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ

46

前輪駆動自動車のエンジン冷却風による空気力学的悪影響の低減

4, 3, 2, 1
12

5



6

13

7

8, 9, 10, 11
Fig.14 Measurement points of engine
20mm(lower)with radiator
20mm(lower)
80mm(lower)with radiator
80mm(lower)

300
gauge pressure(Pa)gauge pressure(Pa)

100
80
60
40
20
0
-20
1

2
3
measurment point

250
200
150
100
50
0
-50

4

5

20mm(lower)with radiator
20mm(lower)
80mm(lower)with radiator
80mm(lower)

7

20mm(lower)with radiator
20mm(lower)
80mm(lower)with radiator
80mm(lower)

120
100
80
60
40
20
0
-20

8


6
measurement point

Fig.16 Comparison of pressure on engine front

gauge pressure(Pa)gauge pressure(Pa) Fig.15 Comparison of pressure on engine top


80
60
40
20
0
-20
-40
-60
-80
-100

20mm(lower)with radiator
20mm(lower)
80mm(lower)with radiator
80mm(lower)

910
measurment point

11

Fig.17 Comparison of pressure on engine bottom

12

13

measurment point

Fig.18 Comparison of pressure on engine back47

前輪駆動自動車のエンジン冷却風による空気力学的悪影響の低減 ࢚ࣥࢪ࣮࣒ࣥࣝ⫼㠃ᯈ࠾ࡼࡧ✵Ẽྲྀධཱྀᅽຊ
)LJ ࡣ࢟ࣕࣅࣥ࡜ࡢ௙ษࡾ࡛࠶ࡿ࢚ࣥࢪ࣮࣒ࣥࣝ⫼㠃ᯈ࡟࠾ࡅࡿᅽຊ

ᐃⅬ␒ྕ㸦Ꮝ㛫㝸

PP㸧ࢆ♧ࡋ࡚࠾ࡾࠊ)LJ ࡣ⫼㠃ᯈࡢ఩⨨ࢆ♧ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
)LJ ࡣ⫼㠃ᯈࡢᏍᅽຊࢆ♧ࡋ࡚࠾ࡾࠊ㛤ཱྀ㒊⦪ᖜࡀ኱ࡁࡃ࡞ࡿ࡜ᅽຊࡀୖ᪼ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀࢃ࠿ࡿࠋ
)LJ ࡣ㌴య๓㠃࡟࠾ࡅࡿ✵Ẽྲྀධཱྀ㏆ഐࡢᅽຊࢆ♧ࡋ࡚࠾ࡾࠊ㛤ཱྀ㒊⦪ᖜࡀ኱ࡁࡃ࡞ࡿ࡜ᅽຊ
ࡀୖ᪼ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ☜ㄆ࡛ࡁࡿࠋ

1 5 9 13 17_____4 8 12 16 20



Back board

Pressure
holes




Fig.19 Measurement points on back board behind engine
Fig.20 Position of back board behind engine


250

60
40
20
0
-20

0

-40
-60
-80



10

20

engine side
20mm
engine side
80mm
missionside 20mm
missionside 80mm

measurement point

Fig.21 Comparison of pressure on partition board

guage pressure㸦Pa)guage pressure㸦Pa)

80
240

mission side
20mm

230

mission side
80mm

220
210

engine side
20mm

200

engine side
80mm

190
front pressure

Fig.22 Comparison of pressure in vicinity of
air inlet on car front⪃ᐹ)LJ ࡢ✵Ẽྲྀධཱྀ⦪ᖜࡀ኱ࡁࡃ࡞ࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡿᢠຊࡢቑຍࡢཎᅉ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚⪃ᐹࡍࡿࠋ)LJࠊ
)LJࠊ)LJࠊ)LJ ࡼࡾ㛤ཱྀ㒊⦪ᖜቑຍ࡟క࠸࢚ࣥࢪ࣮࣒ࣥࣝෆ㒊࡛ᅽຊࡢୖ᪼ࡀ☜ㄆ࡛ࡁࠊࡇࡢࡇ࡜ࡀᢠຊቑຍࡢཎᅉ࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࡣ᫂ࡽ࠿࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊ)LJࠊ)LJ ࡼࡾ㛤ཱྀ㒊⦪ᖜቑຍ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ࣇࣟࣥࢺ࢘࢕ࣥࢻࠊ㌴య๓㠃✵Ẽྲྀධཱྀ㏆ഐ࡛ࡢᅽຊୖ᪼ࡀ☜ㄆࡉࢀࡓࡇ࡜࠿ࡽࠊ㛤ཱྀ㒊⦪ᖜቑຍ࡟క࠸㌴య๓᪉ࡢᅽຊୖ᪼ࡀㄏⓎࡉࢀࠊᢠຊࡢቑຍ࡟ࡘ࡞ࡀࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋࡲࡓ )LJ ࡢྍど໬ࡼࡾࠊ㛤ཱྀ㒊⦪ᖜࡢቑຍ࡟ࡼࡾ࢚ࣥࢪ࣮࣒ࣥࣝ࠿ࡽᗋୗ࡬ࡢὶࢀࡀቑຍࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ
ࡇ࡜ࡀ☜ㄆ࡛ࡁࡓࠋ)LJࠊ)LJ ࠿ࡽ㛤ཱྀ㒊⦪ᖜࡢቑຍ࡜࡜ࡶ࡟ᗋୗὶ㏿ࡢపୗ࡜ 506 ࡢቑຍࡀ☜ㄆ࡛ࡁࡓࠋࡲࡓࠊ)LJ ࠿ࡽ㛤ཱྀ㒊⦪ᖜࡢቑຍ࡟క࠸࢚ࣥࢪ࣮࣒ࣥࣝᗋୗᅽຊࡀୖ᪼ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ
ࡇ࡜ࡀ☜ㄆ࡛ࡁࡓࠋࡇࢀࡽࡢ⤖ᯝࡼࡾࠊᗋୗ࡬ࡢὶ㔞ቑຍࡀ㌴య๓㠃࠿ࡽ᮶ࡿᗋୗὶࢀ࡜ࡢྜὶ࡟

48

前輪駆動自動車のエンジン冷却風による空気力学的悪影響の低減ࡼࡿὶࢀࡢ஘ࢀࢆᘬࡁ㉳ࡇࡋࠊᗋୗὶࢀࢆ㏻ࡾ࡟ࡃࡃࡋ࡚ὶ㏿ࢆపୗࡉࡏࡿࡓࡵࠊ࢚ࣥࢪ࣮࣒ࣥࣝ
ᗋୗᅽຊࢆୖ᪼ࡉࡏ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࡣ᫂ࡽ࠿࡛࠶ࡾࠊࡇࡢᅽຊቑຍࡀ࢚ࣥࢪ࣮࣒ࣥࣝෆ㒊࠾ࡼࡧ㌴య๓
᪉ࡢᅽຊቑຍ࡟ᙳ㡪ࢆཬࡰࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ௨ୖࢆࡲ࡜ࡵࡿ࡜ࠊ෭༷㢼㔞ቑຍࡀ࢚ࣥࢪࣥࣝ
࣮࣒ෆ㒊࡛ࡢᅽຊቑຍࢆࡶࡓࡽࡋࠊࡑࡢᙳ㡪ࢆཷࡅ࡚⮬ື㌴๓㠃࡜ࣇࣟࣥࢺ࢘࢕ࣥࢻ࡛ࡢᅽຊࡀቑ
ຍࡍࡿ࡜࡜ࡶ࡟࢚ࣥࢪ࣮࣒ࣥࣝ࠿ࡽᗋୗ࡬ࡢᤲẼὶ㔞ࡀቑຍࡋࠊ㌴య๓᪉࠿ࡽ᮶ࡿᗋୗὶࢀ࡜ࡢྜ
ὶ࡟ࡼࡾᗋୗὶࢀࡢ஘ࢀࡀ⏕ࡌ࡚ᗋୗὶࢀࢆ㏻ࡾ࡟ࡃࡃࡍࡿࡓࡵࠊࡑࢀࡼࡾ๓᪉࡛ࡣὶ㏿ࡀపୗࡋ࡚ᅽຊࡀቑຍࡋࠊ࢚ࣥࢪ࣮࣒ࣥࣝෆ㒊࠾ࡼࡧ㌴య๓㠃࡛ࡢᅽຊቑຍ࡜㐺ྜࡍࡿࠋ
)LJ ࡢ✵Ẽྲྀධཱྀ⦪ᖜࡀ኱ࡁࡃ࡞ࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡿ๓ᥭຊࡢቑຍ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊ㛤ཱྀ㒊⦪ᖜቑຍ࡟ࡼ
ࡗ࡚ᘬࡁ㉳ࡇࡉࢀࡿ࢚ࣥࢪ࣮࣒ࣥࣝᗋୗࡢᅽຊୖ᪼ )LJ ࡟ࡼࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋࡇࢀࡣᢠຊቑຍ
ࡢཎᅉ࡟࠾࠸࡚⪃ᐹࡋࡓࡼ࠺࡟ࠊ࢚ࣥࢪ࣮࣒ࣥࣝᤲẼὶࡀᘬࡁ㉳ࡇࡍὶࢀࡢ஘ࢀ )LJ ࡀࠊୖὶഃࡢὶࢀࢆࡏࡁṆࡵࡿຠᯝࢆᣢࡘࡓࡵࠊᅽຊࡀୖ᪼ࡍࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋࡲࡓ )LJ ࡟♧ࡉࢀࡿࡼ࠺࡟࣮ࣝࣇ๓᪉ࡢᅽຊపୗࡶ๓ᥭຊࡢቑຍ࡟ࡘ࡞ࡀࡿࠋࡉࡽ࡟ࠊ࢚ࣥࢪ࣮࣒ࣥࣝ࠿ࡽᤲẼࡉࢀࡿୗྥࡁὶࢀࡢቑຍ )LJ ࡟ࡼࡾࠊὶయࡀୗྥࡁࡢ㐠ື㔞ࢆᚓࡓ཯స⏝࡜ࡋ࡚࢚ࣥࢪ࣮࣒ࣥࣝෆὶ㊰ቨࡀୖྥࡁࡢຊࢆཷࡅ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ
)LJ ࡢ✵Ẽྲྀධཱྀ⦪ᖜࡀ኱ࡁࡃ࡞ࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡿᚋᥭຊࡢῶᑡ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊ)LJ ࡼࡾ㛤ཱྀ㒊⦪ᖜࡢቑຍ࡟క࠺࢚ࣥࢪ࣮࣒ࣥࣝᚋ᪉ᗋୗᅽຊࡢῶᑡࡀ☜ㄆ࡛ࡁ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡇࢀࡣᢠຊቑຍࡢཎᅉ࡟࠾
࠸࡚⪃ᐹࡋࡓࡼ࠺࡟ࠊ࢚ࣥࢪ࣮࣒ࣥࣝᤲẼὶࡀᘬࡁ㉳ࡇࡍὶࢀࡢ஘ࢀ )LJ ࡟ࡼࡾ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ᦆ
ኻࡀ㉳ࡇࡿࡓࡵࠊᅽຊࡀపୗࡍࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ
ࣛࢪ࢚࣮ࢱࡢ⿦╔࡟ࡼࡿ✵Ẽྲྀධཱྀ⦪ᖜࡢኚ໬࡟క࠺ᙳ㡪ࡢῶᑡࡣࠊຊࡢ

ᐃࡔࡅ࡛࡞ࡃᗋୗ

506 ࡸ࢚ࣥࢪ࣮࣒ࣥࣝᅽຊࠊᗋୗᅽຊࡢኚ໬࠿ࡽࡶᙳ㡪ࡀ⦆࿴ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ☜ㄆ࡛ࡁࡓࠋ
௨ୖࡢ⪃ᐹࡼࡾᢠຊࠊᥭຊࢆྠ᫬࡟ᨵၿࡍࡿ᪉ἲ࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊ࢚ࣥࢪ࣮࣒ࣥࣝෆ㒊ὶࢆࢫ࣒࣮ࢬ࡟ᤲ
Ẽࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡾࠊ࢚ࣥࢪ࣮࣒ࣥࣝෆ㒊࡛ࡢᅽຊୖ᪼ࢆ㜵ࡂࠊ࢚ࣥࢪࣥ෭༷㢼࡜ᗋୗὶࢀࡢᖸ΅ࢆᢚ࠼ࡿࡇ࡜࡛࢚ࣥࢪ࣮࣒ࣥࣝᗋୗ࡛ࡢᅽຊୖ᪼ࢆᢚ࠼ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ᭷ຠ࡛࠶ࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊᗋ
ୗ࡟ᤲẼࡍࡿሙྜࡣࠊ࢚ࣥࢪࣥ෭༷㢼࡜ᗋୗὶࢀࡀᖸ΅ࡋ࡞࠸ࡼ࠺㌴యᚋ᪉࡟ྥࡅ࡚ᤲẼࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ᭷ຠ࡛࠶ࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋࡑࡢ୍ࡘࡢලయ౛࡜ࡋ࡚࢚ࣥࢪࣥ࢔ࣥࢲ࣮࢝ࣂ࣮ࡢྲྀࡾ௜ࡅ(6)ࡀ⪃࠼
ࡽࢀࡿࠋ

⤖ゝ
㛤ཱྀ㒊㠃✚ࡢቑຍ࡟ࡼࡾࠊ࢚ࣥࢪࣥ෭༷㢼ࡀ࢚ࣥࢪ࣮࣒ࣥࣝ࡟ྲྀࡾ㎸ࡲࢀᗋୗ࡬ࡢᤲẼ㔞ࡀቑຍࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡛࢚ࣥࢪ࣮࣒ࣥࣝୗ㒊ᗋୗὶࢀ࡜ྜὶࡋࠊᗋୗὶࢀࡀ஘ࢀ࡚ὶࢀ࡟ࡃࡃ࡞ࡾὶ㏿ࡀపୗࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡛࢚ࣥࢪ࣮࣒ࣥࣝᗋୗᅽຊࡀୖ᪼ࡍࡿࠋࡑࡢᙳ㡪࡟ࡼࡾ࢚ࣥࢪ࣮࣒ࣥࣝෆ㒊ࠊ㌴య๓᪉ࠊࣇ
ࣟࣥࢺ࢘࢕ࣥࢻ࡛ࡢᅽຊࡀୖ᪼ࡍࡿࠋ௚᪉ࠊ࢚ࣥࢪ࣮࣒ࣥࣝᚋ᪉ᗋୗ࡛ࡣࠊὶࢀࡢ஘ࢀ࡟ࡼࡿ࢚ࢿ
ࣝࢠ࣮ᦆኻࡢࡓࡵᅽຊࡣపୗࡍࡿࠋ௨ୖࡼࡾ㸪෭༷㢼ࡢ✵ຊⓗᙳ㡪ࡣ௨ୗࡢࡼ࠺࡟ࡲ࡜ࡵࡽࢀࡿࠋ
 ࢚ࣥࢪࣥ෭༷㢼࡟ࡼࡿᢠຊࡣ࢚ࣥࢪ࣮࣒ࣥࣝෆ㒊ࠊࣇࣟࣥࢺ࢘࢕ࣥࢻࠊ✵Ẽྲྀࡾධࢀཱྀ࡛ࡢᅽ
ຊ࡟౫Ꮡࡍࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊᗋୗࡢᅽຊࡀ࢚ࣥࢪ࣮࣒ࣥࣝෆ㒊ᅽຊ࡟ᙳ㡪ࢆ୚࠼࡚࠸ࡿ࡜ண᝿࡛ࡁࡿࠋ
 ࢚ࣥࢪࣥ෭༷㢼࡟ࡼࡿ๓ᥭຊࡣ࢚ࣥࢪ࣮࣒ࣥࣝᗋୗᅽຊ࡟౫Ꮡࡍࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊ࢚ࣥࢪ࣮࣒ࣥࣝෆ

49

前輪駆動自動車のエンジン冷却風による空気力学的悪影響の低減㒊࠿ࡽࡢᤲẼࡢ㐠ື㔞࡟ࡶᙳ㡪ࢆཷࡅࡿ࡜ண᝿࡛ࡁࡿࠋ ࢚ࣥࢪࣥ෭༷㢼࡟ࡼࡿᚋᥭຊࡣ࢚ࣥࢪ࣮࣒ࣥࣝᚋ᪉ᗋୗᅽຊ࡟౫Ꮡࡍࡿࠋ ࣛࢪ࢚࣮ࢱࡢ⿦╔࡟ࡼࡾ࢚ࣥࢪࣥ෭༷㢼࡟ࡼࡿ✵ẼຊᏛⓗᙳ㡪ࡣ⦆࿴ࡉࢀࡿࠋ
 ࡇࢀࡽࡢ⪃ᐹࡼࡾࠊ࢚ࣥࢪ࣮࣒ࣥࣝ෭༷㢼࡟ࡼࡿᢠຊࠊᥭຊࡢⓎ⏕ࢆᢚ࠼ࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࡣࠊ࢚ࣥࢪࣥ
࣮࣒ࣝ࠿ࡽᗋୗ࡟ὶࢀ㎸ࡴὶࢀࢆ࣎ࣥࢿࢵࢺ࠿ࡽࡢୖ᪉ᤲẼࡸࢧ࢖ࢻࢪ࢙ࢵࢺ࡜ࡋ࡚ᗋୗ௨እ࡟
ᤲẼࢆ⾜࠺ࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡾ࢚ࣥࢪ࣮࣒ࣥࣝᗋୗ࡛ࡢὶࢀࡢྜὶࢆ㜵ࡄࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋᗋୗ
࡟ᤲẼࡍࡿሙྜࡣࠊ࢚ࣥࢪࣥ෭༷㢼࡜ᗋୗὶࢀࡀᖸ΅ࡋ࡞࠸ࡼ࠺㌴యᚋ᪉࡟ྥࡅ࡚ᤲẼࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ
᭷ຠ࡛࠶ࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ
㸴ཧ⪃ᩥ⊩  ᑠᯘᩄ㞝 ♫ ⮬ື㌴ᢏ⾡఍⦅㞟㸸⮬ື㌴ࡢࢹࢨ࢖ࣥ࡜✵ຊᢏ⾡㸪ᮅ಴᭩ᗑ    ⮬ື㌴ᕤᏛ⦅㞟ጤဨ఍ⴭ㸪⮬ື㌴ᕤᏛᮾி㟁ᶵ኱Ꮫฟ∧ᒁ  :ROI+HLQULFK+XFKR㸪HG͆$HURG\QDPLFVRI5RDG9HKLFOHV͇6RFLHW\RI$XWRPRWLYH(QJLQHHUV,QF    Ⅳ㇂ె஧㸪๓⏣࿴ᏹ㸪୍அ℩೺୍⮬ື㌴࡜ὶయຊᏛ㸸㌴య࿘ࡾὶࢀ࡜✵ຊ≉ᛶ㸪᪥ᮏὶయຊᏛ఍ㄅ࡞ࡀࢀ㸪9RO㸪㸦㸧SS㸫  ⏣୰❶༤㸪ఀᕝ㞝ᕼ㸪ᕝ໭ṇᑑ㸪኱ᖹὒᶞ㸪ᮤᭌ㸪ᒸ⏣൤ᾈ㸪ᒸᮏဴ㸪⏣୰ᯇᗈ㸸᪂ᆺࢹ࣑࢜࡜ &;㸫 ࡢ✵ຊᛶ⬟㛤Ⓨ
KWWSZZZPD]GDFRPFRQWHQWDVVHWVHEIFFEILOHV
BQRSGI ࢔ࢡࢭࢫ᪥    ኱ᓥ❳ஓ㸪℈㇂ඞ๎㸪஧அ‫‮‬ṇಇ㸪୰ᕝ㑥ኵ✵ຊ≉ᛶ࡟ཬࡰࡍ෭༷᤼ฟᡭἲࡢᙳ㡪㸪⮬ື㌴ᢏ⾡఍ㄽᩥ㞟㸪9RO㸪1R㸪 MXO\ 
  ㎰⃝㝯⚽㸪᪥ὸ୍ᙪ㸪ྜྷᮏ຾✵Ẽ᢬ᢠ࡟ཬࡰࡍ࢚ࣥࢪࣥ෭༷㢼ࡢᙳ㡪㸪⮬ື㌴ᢏ⾡఍ㄽᩥ㞟㸪1R㸪    ⃝ཱྀᣅே㸪㧗಴ⴥᏊ㸸⮬ື㌴ࡢ࢚ࣥࢪ࣮࣒ࣥࣝ෭༷㢼࡟ࡼࡿ✵ẼຊᏛⓗᙳ㡪㸪 ᖺᗘ᪥ᮏᶵᲔᏛ఍ᖺḟ኱఍㸪  㸪*㸬  7DNXWR6DZDJXFKL<RNR7DNDNXUD$HURG\QDPLFHIIHFWVE\FRROLQJIORZVZLWKLQHQJLQH
URRPRIFDUPRGHO)8/&20(㸪,23&RQIHUHQFH6HULHV㸸0DWHULDOV6FLHQFHDQG
(QJLQHHULQJ㸪9RO  ,233XEOLVKLQJ㸬KWWSVGRLRUJ; ⃝ཱྀᣅே㸪㧗಴ⴥᏊ㸸⮬ື㌴ࡢ࢚ࣥࢪࣥ෭༷㢼࡟ࡼࡿ✵ẼຊᏛⓗᝏᙳ㡪ࡢపῶ㸪 ᖺᗘ᪥ᮏᶵᲔᏛ఍ᖺḟ኱఍㸪  㸪-
 1:DWDQDEH7)XUXWD<7DNDNXUD8QVWHDG\)ORZDURXQGD&LUFXODU&\OLQGHUZLWK6LPXOWDQHRXV0XOWLSRLQW0HDVXUHPHQWVRISUHVVXUH  )/8&20(   டᒸ࿴⾜㸪㧗ᮌ㏻ಇ㸪௻⏬⦅㞟᪥ᮏࡢప㏿㢼Ὕ㸪ྍど໬᝟ሗᏛ఍ㄅ㸪9RO㸪VXSSO
1R㸪  㸪SS㸫

50

前輪駆動自動車のエンジン冷却風による空気力学的悪影響の低減

51

2017 ᖺᗘࣉࣟࢪ࢙ࢡࢺ◊✲㸦⥲ྜ◊✲ᶵᵓࣉࣟࢪ࢙ࢡࢺ◊✲ศ㸧ㄢ㢟⤂௓ᡤᒓ࣭㈨᱁࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣ 2017 ᖺᗘᙜ᫬࡟࡚ᥖ㍕

་⒪ᛂ⏝ࢆ┠ⓗ࡜ࡋࡓ㟋㛗㢮࡟࠾ࡅࡿ࢔ࣟࡢㄆ㆑࡜ᣄ⤯࣭ཷᐜᶵᵓࡢゎ᫂◊✲௦⾲⪅㸸ட㇂ ⨾ᜨ

་Ꮫ㒊་Ꮫ⛉ᇶ♏་Ꮫ⣔࣭෸ᩍᤵ⛙㔝 ఙ஧

་Ꮫ㒊་Ꮫ⛉ᇶ♏་Ꮫ⣔࣭ᩍᤵ᳝ྡ 㝯

་Ꮫ㒊་Ꮫ⛉ᇶ♏་Ꮫ⣔࣭෸ᩍᤵ  ᖺᗘᖹᒣ ௧᫂

ඛ㐍⏕࿨⛉Ꮫ◊✲ᡤ࣭ᩍᤵ኱཭ 㯞Ꮚ

་Ꮫ㒊་Ꮫ⛉ᇶ♏་Ꮫ⣔࣭ຓᩍబࠎᮌ ࠼ࡾ࠿

ᐇ㦂ື≀୰ኸ◊✲ᡤ࣭㒊㛗∦㔝 ࠸ࡃࡳ

ᐇ㦂ື≀୰ኸ◊✲ᡤ◊✲ဨ  ᖺᗘ◊ ✲ ᮇ 㛫㸸2015 ᖺᗘ㹼2017 ᖺᗘ◊ ✲ ᴫ せ㸸ẕయࡣࠊዷፎ᫬ࠊ㠀⮬ᕫ࡛࠶ࡿ⫾ඣ⤌⧊࡟ᑐࡋ࡚ᐶᐜ࡟࡞ࡿࡀࠊឤᰁ⑕࡟ᑐࡍࡿ㜵ᚚච␿ࡣ⥔ᣢࡉࢀࡿࠋᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣࠊ㠀ࣄࢺ㟋㛗㢮ࢥ࣐࣮ࣔࣥࣔࢭࢵࢺ(CM)ࢆ⏝࠸ࠊ⫾┙࠾ࡼࡧ඲㌟ࢆᚠ
⎔ࡍࡿ⫾ඣ⤌⧊࡟ᑐࡋ࡚Ⓨ⌧ஹ㐍ࡍࡿච␿ㄪ⠇ศᏊ㸦ࣄࢺ࡛ࡣ PZPࠊCM ࡛ࡣ A2ML1㸧ࢆྠᐃࡋࡓࠋࡇࢀࡽࡢศᏊࡣ⅖⑕ᛶࣉࣟࢸ࢔࣮ࢮ㜼ᐖᶵ⬟ࢆᣢࡘ஦ࡀ᥎ᐃࡉࢀࠊ⮬ᕫᢠయ㝧ᛶዷ፬ࡸࠊ
ዷፎࣄࢺ໬࣐࢘ࢫ࡛ࡣஹ㐍ࡍࡿഴྥࡀㄆࡵࡽࢀࡓࠋ୍᪉ࠊALS ࣔࢹ࣐ࣝ࢘ࢫ࡛ࡣⓎ⌧ࡀపୗࡋࠊ
PZP ࡀ⅖⑕ไᚚ࡟㔜せ࡛࠶ࡿ஦ࡀ♧၀ࡉࢀࡓࠋ

ࣄࢺ L36 ⣽⬊⏤᮶⫢⤌⧊ࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ⫢⑌ᝈ἞⒪ἲࡢ☜❧◊✲௦⾲⪅㸸⣬㇂ ⪽ⱥ

་Ꮫ㒊་Ꮫ⛉ᇶ♏་Ꮫ⣔࣭෸ᩍᤵ◊✲ศᢸ⪅㸸ຍᕝ ᘓᘯ

་Ꮫ㒊་Ꮫ⛉ෆ⛉Ꮫ⣔࣭ᩍᤵఫྜྷ ⚽᫂

་Ꮫ㒊་Ꮫ⛉ᇶ┙デ⒪Ꮫ⣔࣭ㅮᖌᮌᮧ ၨᚿ

ᕤᏛ㒊ᶵᲔᕤᏛ⛉࣭෸ᩍᤵ◊ ✲ ᮇ 㛫㸸2015 ᖺᗘ㹼2017 ᖺᗘ◊ ✲ ᴫ せ㸸⫢⮚ࡣ⏕యࡢ௦ㅰ⥔ᣢࡢ୰ᚰ⮚ჾ࡛࠶ࡾࠊ෌⏕་⒪ࡢ㔜せ࡞ࢱ࣮ࢤࢵࢺ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࣄࢺ L36 ⣽⬊࠿ࡽ࣑ࢽ⫢⮚ࢆヨ㦂⟶ෆ࡛෌ᵓᡂࡍࡿ᪉ἲࡀ㛤Ⓨࡉࢀὀ┠ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡀࠊ⏕య⫢⮚࡟ᚲ㡲࡞⫹⟶➼ࡢᵓ㐀ࢆᣢࡓ࡞࠸ḞⅬࡀ࠶ࡿࠋ
ᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣࠊ࣐ࢺࣜࢵࢡࢫ⏕≀Ꮫࠊ⏕యᮦᩱᕤᏛࠊࢹࣂ࢖ࢫᕤᏛ࡞࡝࡟ຍ࠼⮫ᗋ⫢⮚⑓Ꮫࡢ
どⅬࢆ⼥ྜࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡛ࠊ┠ⓗ⣽⬊࡬ࡢศ໬ࢆㄏᑟࡍࡿ᪂つᅉᏊ᥈⣴⣔ࡸ  ḟඖᵓ㐀ࡢேᕤⓗ෌⌧⣔ࡢᵓ⠏ࢆ㏻ࡌ࡚ࠊ⛣᳜⒪ἲ➼࡟㈨ࡍࡿ㧗ᶵ⬟࡞⫢⤌⧊ࢆㄏᑟࡍࡿࠋ

52

2017年度プロジェクト研究（総合研究機構プロジェクト研究分）課題紹介

ࢽ࣮ࣗࣟࣥ㹁㹋㹍㹑࢖ࣥࣂ࣮ࢱࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ㐃᝿࣓ࣔࣜ࡟㛵ࡍࡿ◊✲◊✲௦⾲⪅㸸⸨ᮏ 㑥᫛

ᇶ┙ᕤᏛ㒊㟁Ẽ㟁Ꮚ᝟ሗᕤᏛ⛉࣭ᩍᤵ◊✲ศᢸ⪅㸸ᯇᮏ Ḡஓ

ᇶ┙ᕤᏛ㒊㟁Ẽ㟁Ꮚ᝟ሗᕤᏛ⛉࣭෸ᩍᤵ⚟ཎ 㞞ᮁ

᝟ሗ㏻ಙᏛ㒊⤌㎸ࡳࢯࣇࢺ࢙࢘࢔ᕤᏛ⛉࣭ㅮᖌྜྷ⏣ ṇᘅ

᝟ሗ㏻ಙᏛ㒊⤌㎸ࡳࢯࣇࢺ࢙࢘࢔ᕤᏛ⛉࣭ᩍᤵ◊ ✲ ᮇ 㛫㸸2015 ᖺᗘ㹼2017 ᖺᗘ◊ ✲ ᴫ せ㸸㐃᝿࣓ࣔࣜࡣࠊධຊࢹ࣮ࢱ࡟㢮ఝࡋࡓཧ↷ࢹ࣮ࢱࢆ▐᫬࡟ぢࡘࡅࡑࡢࢹ࣮ࢱࢆฟຊ࡛ࡁࡿࡇ
࡜࠿ࡽࠊᩥᏐㄆ㆑ࠊᣦ⣠ㄆ㆑ࠊࢹ࣮ࢱᅽ⦰ࠊⰍ⏬ീㄆ㆑࡞࡝ᵝࠎ࡞ศ㔝࡛ᴟࡵ࡚᭷⏝࡛࠶ࡿ࡜ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋᡃࠎࡣࠊࡇࡢ㐃᝿࣓ࣔࣜࡢືసࡀே㛫ࡢ⬻ࡢグ᠈↷ྜ᪉ᘧ࡜ᴟࡵ࡚㢮ఝࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ
ࡇ࡜࡟╔┠ࡋࡓࠋᮏࣉࣟࢪ࢙ࢡࢺ࡛ࡣࠊ⚄⤒⣽⬊㸦ࢽ࣮ࣗࣟࣥ㸧࡜ྠ➼ࡢ᣺ࡿ⯙࠸ࢆࡍࡿࢽࣗ
࣮ࣟࣥ &026 ࢖ࣥࣂ࣮ࢱࢆᵓᡂ㒊ရ࡜ࡋ࡚⏝࠸ࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡾࠊࡼࡾ㧗ᛶ⬟࡞㐃᝿࣓ࣔࣜࢆᐇ⌧ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ┠ᣦࡍࠋᮏࣉࣟࢪ࢙ࢡࢺ◊✲࡛ࡣࠊࢽ࣮ࣗࣟࣥ &026 ࢖ࣥࣂ࣮ࢱࢆά⏝ࡋ࡚ࣁ࣑ࣥࢢ㊥㞳ཬࡧ࣐ࣥࣁࢵࢱࣥ㊥㞳࡟ᇶ࡙ࡃ㧗㏿࡞㢮ఝ᳨⣴ࡀྍ⬟࡞㐃᝿࣓ࣔࣜ /6, ࢆࡑࢀࡒࢀヨసࡋࠊᥦ᱌ᅇ㊰ࡢືస᳨ドࢆ⾜࠺ࠋࢭ ࣞ ࣥ ࡢ ཯ ᛂ ᛶ ࢆ ฼ ⏝ ࡋ ࡓ ⑓ ཎ ᛶ ࢱ ࣥ ࣃ ࢡ ㉁ ࡢ ໬ Ꮫ ⓗ ࣭ ⏕ ໬ Ꮫ ⓗ ᡭ ἲ ࡟     ࡼࡿไᚚ
◊✲௦⾲⪅㸸㔠᳃ ᑂᏊ

ᕤᏛ㒊⏕࿨໬Ꮫ⛉࣭ᩍᤵ◊✲ศᢸ⪅㸸ᑠᓥ ┤ஓ

ᕤᏛ㒊⏕࿨໬Ꮫ⛉࣭ᩍᤵᒾᒸ 㐨ኵ

⌮Ꮫ㒊໬Ꮫ⛉࣭ᩍᤵⲨ஭ ሀኴ

⌮Ꮫ㒊໬Ꮫ⛉࣭ㅮᖌ◊ ✲ ᮇ 㛫㸸2015 ᖺᗘ㹼2017 ᖺᗘ◊ ✲ ᴫ せ㸸࢔ࣝࢶࣁ࢖࣐࣮⑓࡞࡝ࡢཎᅉ࡜࡞ࡿ⑓ཎᛶࢱࣥࣃࢡ㉁ࡢ⏕ᡂ࣭⵳✚ࢆᢚ࠼ࡿ⏕యෆࢩࢫࢸ࣒
࡟࠾࠸࡚ࠊ◲㯤ࡸࢭࣞࣥࢆάᛶ㒊఩࡟ྵࡴ㓝⣲ࡸᑠศᏊࡀᶵ⬟ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡑࡇ࡛ᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣࠊࡑࢀࡽᶵ⬟ศᏊࡢస⏝ᶵᵓࢆゎ᫂ࡍࡿ࡜ඹ࡟ࠊࢭࣞࣥࡢ㧗཯ᛂᛶࢆ฼⏝ࡋࡓࣔࢹࣝ≀㉁ࡢ๰〇ࢆ┠ⓗ࡜ࡋࡓࠋᢠ㓟໬ຊ࡟ᐩࡳࠊ⣽⬊ෆ࡛࣑ࢫࣇ࢛࣮ࣝࢻ࡞ࢱࣥࣃࢡ㉁ࡢಟṇࡸᶵ⬟ᅇ᚟࡟ᐤ୚ࡍࡿࠊ཯ᛂᛶ࡜Ᏻ඲ᛶࢆවࡡഛ࠼ࡓࢭࣞࣥྵ᭷໬ྜ≀ࡢ㛤Ⓨࢆヨࡳࠊኚᛶࢱࣥࣃࢡ㉁ࡀ㛵୚ࡍࡿ⑌⑓ࡢண㜵⸆ࡸ἞⒪⸆࡬ࡢᛂ⏝ࡢྍ⬟ᛶࢆ᳨ウ࣭ホ౯ࡋࡓࠋ53

2017年度プロジェクト研究（総合研究機構プロジェクト研究分）課題紹介

་⒪⏝ࢥࣥࣉࢺ࣐ࣥ࢞ࣥ⥺࣓࢝ࣛࡢᐇ⏝໬࡬ࡢᇶ♏㛤Ⓨ◊✲௦⾲⪅㸸ᰴᮌ 㔜ே

་Ꮫ㒊་Ꮫ⛉ᑓ㛛デ⒪Ꮫ⣔࣭ㅮᖌ◊✲ศᢸ⪅㸸すᔱ ᜤྖ

⌮Ꮫ㒊≀⌮Ꮫ⛉࣭ᩍᤵ᷸⏣ ῟Ꮚ

⌮Ꮫ㒊≀⌮Ꮫ⛉࣭෸ᩍᤵᅧᯞ ᝋኵ

་Ꮫ㒊་Ꮫ⛉ᑓ㛛デ⒪Ꮫ⣔࣭ᩍᤵ◊ ✲ ᮇ 㛫㸸2015 ᖺᗘ㹼2017 ᖺᗘ◊ ✲ ᴫ せ㸸ᗈ⠊ᅖ࡞࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ࢆᣢࡘ᰾✀ࢆ⏬ീ໬ྍ⬟࡞඲ࡃ᪂ࡋ࠸་⒪⏝࣐࢞ࣥ⥺࣓࢝ࣛࡀ࠶ࢀࡤࠊ
๻ⓗ࡟་⒪ศ㔝ࡀⓎᒎࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀᮇᚅࡉࢀࡿࠋࡑࡇ࡛ᡃࠎࡣி኱࡛Ᏹᐂ⏝࡟㛤Ⓨࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㟁Ꮚ㣕㊧᳨ฟᆺࢥࣥࣉࢺ࣐ࣥ࢞ࣥ⥺࣓࢝ࣛࡢ་⒪ᛂ⏝㛤Ⓨࢆ᥎㐍ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
ᮏ࣓࢝ࣛࡣ᰾་Ꮫ࣓࢝ࣛࡢᣢࡘ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮㡿ᇦࡢᩘಸ࡟Ώࡿ⠊ᅖࢆ⏬ീ໬࡛ࡁࡿࠋᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣᐇ⏝໬࡬ྥࡅ࡚㧗ឤᗘ໬ࠊ㧗ศゎ⬟໬ࠊࢥࣥࣃࢡࢺ໬ࠊࡢᇶ♏ⓗ◊✲ࢆ㐍ࡵࠊ࣓࢝ࣛࡢᛶ⬟ྥୖࢆ┠ᣦࡋࠊࡲࡓ᪂ࡋ࠸᰾✀ࡢ᧜ീࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋἈ⦖ࡢỈ୰ᩥ໬㑇⏘࡜ࠕᾏᗏ㑇㊧࣑࣮ࣗࢪ࢔࣒ࠖ⥲ྜࣉࣟࢪ࢙ࢡࢺ
◊✲௦⾲⪅㸸ᑠ㔝 ᯘኴ㑻ᾏὒᏛ㒊ᾏὒᩥ᫂Ꮫ⛉࣭෸ᩍᤵ

◊✲ศᢸ⪅㸸ᕝᓮ ୍ᖹ

ᾏὒᏛ㒊ᾏὒᩥ᫂Ꮫ⛉࣭ᩍᤵᒣ⏣ ྜྷᙪ

ᾏὒᏛ㒊ᾏὒᩥ᫂Ꮫ⛉࣭ᩍᤵோᮌ ᑗே

ᾏὒᏛ㒊⎔ቃ♫఍Ꮫ⛉࣭ᩍᤵ



ᮌᮧ ῟

ᾏὒᏛ㒊ᾏὒᩥ᫂Ꮫ⛉࣭≉௵ㅮᖌ୰す ⿱ぢᏊ኱㜰ᗓᩍ⫱ᗇ

∦᱒ ༓ள⣖Ἀ⦖┴❧ᇙⶶᩥ໬㈈ࢭࣥࢱ࣮࣭◊✲ဨ◊ ✲ ᮇ 㛫㸸2015 ᖺᗘ㹼2017 ᖺᗘ◊ ✲ ᴫ せ㸸Ỉ୰ᩥ໬㑇⏘ࢆᾏὒ㈨※ࡢ୍ࡘ࡜ࡋ࡚ಖ඲࣭ά⏝ࡋ࡚࠸ࡃືࡁࡣ㏆ᖺࠊࣘࢿࢫࢥࢆ୰ᚰ࡟ᅜ㝿ⓗつᶍ࡛άⓎ໬ࡋࡘࡘ࠶ࡿࠋ୰࡛ࡶὀ┠ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡢࡀ㑇㊧ࢆ฼⏝ࡋࡓࠕᾏᗏ㑇㊧࣑࣮ࣗࢪ࢔࣒ᵓ᝿࡛ࠖ࠶ࡿࠋࡋ࠿ࡋ᪥ᮏ࡟࠾ࡅࡿỈ୰ᩥ໬㑇⏘⾜ᨻࡣ㐜ࢀ࡚࠾ࡾࠊࡼ࠺ࡸࡃ  ᖺࡼࡾᩥ໬ᗇࡶືࡁฟࡋࡓࡤ࠿ࡾ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡑࡇ࡛ᮏ◊✲ࡣࠊἈ⦖┴ࡢ▼ᇉᓥ࡟఩⨨Ỉ୰ᩥ໬㑇⏘ࢆᑐ㇟࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊ▼ᇉᓥࢆ୰ᚰ࡜ࡍࡿᆅᇦ♫఍࡜ࡢ㐃ᦠࠊ࠾ࡼࡧࣘࢿࢫࢥࡢᣦ᦬ࡍࡿ➨୕ࡢᾏὒ㈨※࡛࠶ࡿᾏᗏ㑇㊧ࡢ᪂ࡓ࡞ಖ඲ࡸほග࣭ᩍ⫱㈨※࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢ฼⏝ࢆ┠ᣦࡍࠕᾏᗏ㑇㊧࣑࣮ࣗࢪ࢔࣒
໬ࠖࡢᐇ⌧ࢆ᭱⤊┠ᶆ࡜ࡋ࡚ィ⏬࣭ᐇ᪋ࡉࢀࡓ◊✲࡛࠶ࡿࠋ54

2017年度プロジェクト研究（総合研究機構プロジェクト研究分）課題紹介

࣮ࣞࢨ࣮࡟ࡼࡿ኱Ẽᣑᩓⅆᒣ࢞ࢫほἲࡢ㛤Ⓨ࡜⟽᰿ⅆᒣࣔࢽࢱࣜࣥࢢ
◊✲௦⾲⪅㸸኱ሙ Ṋ⌮Ꮫ㒊໬Ꮫ⛉࣭ᩍᤵ◊✲ศᢸ⪅㸸㐟㒊 㞞⏕ᕤᏛ㒊㟁Ẽ㟁ᏊᕤᏛ⛉࣭ᩍᤵ❧ᓮ Ṋᘯ

ᕤᏛ㒊ග࣭⏬ീᕤᏛ⛉࣭ㅮᖌ◊ ✲ ᮇ 㛫㸸2016 ᖺᗘ㹼2018 ᖺᗘ◊ ✲ ᴫ せ㸸2014㸪2015㸪2018 ᖺ࡟ࡑࢀࡒࢀⓎ⏕ࡋࡓᚚᕌᒣ㸪⟽᰿ᒣ㸪ᮏⓑ᰿ᒣࡢᄇⅆࡣỈ⵨Ẽᄇⅆ࡜࿧ࡤࢀ㸪࣐ࢢ࣐ᛶ࢞ࢫ࡜ᆅୗỈࡀΰྜࡋࡓ⤖ᯝ㸪⵨ẼࡀⓎ⏕ࡋ㸪ࡑࡢᅽຊࡀཎᅉ࡛ᆅẆࡀ◚ቯࡉࢀࡓ㸬ᆅୗ࡛Ⓨ⏕ࡋࡓ⵨Ẽࡢ୍㒊ࡣᆅ⾲࡟ᄇẼ࡜ࡋ࡚₃ࢀฟ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ࡇࡢᄇẼࡢ໬Ꮫ⤌ᡂࡣⅆᒣάື࡟ᑐᛂࡋ࡚ኚືࡍࡿ㸬ṇ☜࡛㧗ឤᗘ࡞ᄇẼࡢほἲ࡜ࡋ࡚㠉᪂ⓗ࡞࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ศගศᯒࢆ

㛤Ⓨࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡾ㸪ⅆᒣάືࡢண▱ࡸ᥎⛣ࡢ᥎ᐃࡀྍ⬟࡟࡞ࡾ㸪ⅆᒣ㜵⅏࡟ᑐࡍࡿ㈉⊩ࡀᮇᚅࡉࢀࡿ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪ⅆᒣ◊✲ศ㔝࡛ࡣ◊✲ேᮦࡀ୙㊊ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣ㸪άⅆᒣࡢᆅ⌫໬Ꮫⓗ◊✲ࢆ㏻ࡌ㸪◊✲⪅ࢆ㣴ᡂࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡶ┠ⓗࡢ୍ࡘ࡜ࡍࡿ㸬ࢤࣀ࣒⦅㞟ື≀స〇ᇶ┙ᢏ⾡ࡢ☜❧࡜⑓ែゎᯒࣔࢹࣝస〇࡬ࡢᛂ⏝◊✲௦⾲⪅㸸኱ሯ ṇே་Ꮫ㒊་Ꮫ⛉ᇶ♏་Ꮫ⣔࣭෸ᩍᤵ◊✲ศᢸ⪅㸸୕ᶫ ᘯ᫂ᕤᏛ㒊⏕࿨໬Ꮫ⛉࣭ㅮᖌ୰ᕝ ⲡ་Ꮫ㒊་Ꮫ⛉ᇶ♏་Ꮫ⣔࣭ຓᩍ◊ ✲ ᮇ 㛫㸸2016 ᖺᗘ㹼2018 ᖺᗘ◊ ✲ ᴫ せ㸸ᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣࠊࣄࢺዷፎච␿ࣔࢹࣝ࡜ࡋ࡚ࣄࢺ໬12*࣐࢘ࢫࢆ⏝࠸ࠊ⫾┙࡟Ⓨ⌧ࡍࡿ୺せ⤌⧊㐺ྜᛶᢠཎ 0+& 㛵㐃ศᏊ࡟ᑐࡍࡿẕయࡢᢠయ⏘⏕࣭ච␿ᛂ⟅ไᚚᶵᵓࢆゎ᫂ࡍࡿࠋ࢔ࣟᢠཎ≉␗ⓗࣔࣀࢡ࣮ࣟࢼࣝᢠయࢆᶍೌࡍࡿ໬ྜ≀ࢆ᪂つ࡟☜❧ࡋࠊࡉࡽ࡟L36⣽⬊࡜ࡑࢀ࠿ࡽㄏᑟࡋࡓ⚄⤒ᖿ⣽⬊ࢆ⚄⤒ᦆയື≀ࣔࢹࣝ࡟⛣᳜ᚋࠊୖグࡢᢠయࡸ໬ྜ≀ࢆᢞ୚ࡋ࡚๪స⏝ࡢప࠸࢔ࣟᢠ
ཎ≉␗ⓗච␿ᢚไ࡟ᇶ࡙ࡃୡ⏺ึࡢ἞⒪ἲ㛤Ⓨ࡟౪ࡍࡿࠋ

55

2017年度プロジェクト研究（総合研究機構プロジェクト研究分）課題紹介

ᮾ༡࢔ࢪ࢔ࡢ )', ᆺ㒔ᕷ໬࡜ᆅᇦ♫఍ኚᐜ࡟㛵ࡍࡿㄪᰝ◊✲◊✲௦⾲⪅㸸ෆ⸨ ⪔

ᩥᏛ㒊࢔ࢪ࢔ᩥ᫂Ꮫ⛉࣭ᩍᤵ◊✲ศᢸ⪅㸸❧▼ ㅬḟᩥᏛ㒊ṔྐᏛ⛉ᮾὒྐᑓᨷ࣭෸ᩍᤵ୰す 㞝஧

ᩥᏛ㒊ᩥ᫂Ꮫ⛉࣭ㅮᖌ಴ἑ ឡᏊ

៞᠕⩏ሿ኱Ꮫ࣭ྡ㄃ᩍᤵ◊ ✲ ᮇ 㛫㸸2016 ᖺᗘ㹼2018 ᖺᗘ◊ ✲ ᴫ せ㸸እᅜ㈨ᮏ࡟ࡼࡿ┤᥋ᢞ㈨(FDI)ࡣࠊ㏆ᖺࠊᮾ༡࢔ࢪ࢔࡟࠾࠸࡚ᚑ᮶࡟ࡣ࡞࠸㑹እᆺ㒔ᕷࡢᙧᡂⓎᒎࢆಁࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣࠊ᪥⣔ᕤᴗᅋᆅࡢ㐍ฟ࡟క࠺ᆅᇦࡢΰఫ໬࡜ᾘ㈝♫఍໬ࠊ࠾ࡼ
ࡧࡑࢀ࡟ࡼࡿ౯್ほࡢኚᐜ࡞࡝࡟↔Ⅼࢆ࠶࡚ࡓㄪᰝࢆࠊ࢖ࣥࢻࢿࢩ࢔ࠊࢱ࢖ࠊ࣋ࢺࢼ࣒ࢆࣇ࢕
࣮ࣝࢻ࡜ࡋ࡚⾜ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋᮾ༡࢔ࢪ࢔඲య࡛㐍⾜ࡋࡘࡘ࠶ࡿ FDI ᆺ㒔ᕷ໬ࡢᐇ┦ࢆࠊ⏕άᵓ㐀ࡢኚᐜࢆ㏣࠺࡞࡝࣑ࢡࣟ࡞᳨࡛ࣞ࣋ࣝドࡋ࡚࠸ࡃࡇ࡜ࢆ┠ⓗ࡜ࡍࡿࠋࠕே࡜⾤࡜ኴ㝧ࡀㄪ࿴ࡍࡿࠖ๰࣭㏦࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡢ㛤Ⓨ◊✲௦⾲⪅㸸෠⏣ ᜏஅ

⌮Ꮫ㒊໬Ꮫ⛉࣭෸ᩍᤵ◊✲ศᢸ⪅㸸ᮌᮧ ⱥᶞ

ᕤᏛ㒊㟁Ẽ㟁ᏊᕤᏛ⛉࣭ᩍᤵ☾ᮧ 㞞ኵ

ᕤᏛ㒊㟁Ẽ㟁ᏊᕤᏛ⛉࣭ᩍᤵ຾ཪ ဴ⿱

⌮Ꮫ㒊໬Ꮫ⛉࣭ᩍᤵᒾ᳃ ᬡ

ᕤᏛ㒊ᶵᲔᕤᏛ⛉࣭ᩍᤵᲚ⏣ ెᏕ

ᕤᏛ㒊ᅵᮌᕤᏛ⛉࣭ᩍᤵ㛗㇂ᕝ ┿ஓᕤᏛ㒊ືຊᶵᲔᕤᏛ⛉࣭෸ᩍᤵ✄᳃ ┿⨾ᏊᕤᏛ㒊㟁Ẽ㟁ᏊᕤᏛ⛉࣭ㅮᖌ㔠Ꮚ ဴஓ

ᕤᏛ㒊㟁Ẽ㟁ᏊᕤᏛ⛉࣭ㅮᖌబᕝ ⪔ᖹ

ᕤᏛ㒊㟁Ẽ㟁ᏊᕤᏛ⛉࣭ຓᩍࣔࣁ࣐ࢻ ࢩࣕࣄࢻࢗࢨ࣐ࣥ◊ ✲ ᮇ 㛫㸸⌮Ꮫ㒊໬Ꮫ⛉࣭༤ኈ◊✲ဨ

2015 ᖺᗘ㹼2017 ᖺᗘ◊ ✲ ᴫ せ㸸ᮏ◊✲ㄢ㢟ࡣࠊ෌⏕࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ࡢ୰᰾ࢸ࣮࣐࡛࠶ࡿኴ㝧㟁ụ࡜ᮾᾏ኱ࡀୡ⏺ࢆ࣮ࣜࢻࡍࡿ⇕㡢㡪ࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࢆ⼥ྜࡉࡏࡿ◊✲࡛࠶ࡾࠊࡑࡢไᚚ࣭㟁㏦ࢩࢫࢸ࣒࠿ࡽࠊタ⨨⎔ቃࡲ࡛ࢆࠕே࡜
⾤࡜ኴ㝧ࡀㄪ࿴ࡍࡿࠖࡇ࡜ࢆ࢖࣓࣮ࢪࡋ࡚⥲ྜⓗ࡟◊✲ࡍࡿࠋග࣭⇕㏱㐣ᆺࡢኴ㝧㟁ụࡢ㛤Ⓨࡸ᭤㠃༳ๅኴ㝧㟁ụࡢ㛤Ⓨࠊ㧗ຠ⋡⇕㡢㡪ᶵ㛵ࠊ㛗㊥㞳↓⥺ఏ㏦ᢏ⾡ࠊ㒔ᕷィ⏬࡞࡝ࠊᣮᡓⓗ࡞せ⣲ᢏ⾡ࢆᩘከࡃྵࢇ࡛࠾ࡾࠊ෌⏕࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ࡢ๰ฟ࠿ࡽࡑࡢ㏦㟁࣭タ⨨ࡲ࡛ࢆど㔝࡟ධࢀࡓ⥲ྜ◊✲ࡣࠊୡ⏺࡟ࡶ㢮ࢆぢ࡞࠸᭱ඛ㐍◊✲࡛࠶ࡿࠋ56

2017年度プロジェクト研究（総合研究機構プロジェクト研究分）課題紹介ᒾ⤮⩌࡜⚄Ẋᘓ⠏࠿ࡽ✲᫂ࡍࡿඛࢫ࣌࢖ࣥᮇ࣓࢟ࢩࢥす㒊ࡢ♫఍ᩥ໬Ⓨᒎ◊✲௦⾲⪅㸸ྜྷ⏣ ᫭❶

ᩥᏛ㒊࢔࣓ࣜ࢝ᩥ᫂Ꮫ⛉࣭ㅮᖌ◊✲ศᢸ⪅㸸ᯇᮏ ᘓ㏿ᩥᏛ㒊ṔྐᏛ⛉⪃ྂᏛᑓᨷ࣭ᩍᤵ❧▼ ㅬḟᩥᏛ㒊ṔྐᏛ⛉ᮾὒྐᑓᨷ࣭෸ᩍᤵ◊ ✲ ᮇ 㛫㸸2017 ᖺᗘ㹼2019 ᖺᗘ◊ ✲ ᴫ せ㸸ᮏ◊✲ࡢ┠ⓗࡣࠊ࣓࢟ࢩࢥす㒊ࣁࣜࢫࢥᕞࠊࣟࢫ࣭࢔ࣝࢺࢫ(Los Altos)ᆅ᪉࡟࠾ࡅࡿࣟࢫ࣭
࢔࢞࣋ࢫ(Los Agaves)㑇㊧ࡢᘓ⠏ࣉࣛࣥࡢ≉ᚩࢆ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟ࡋࠊ㑇㊧ࡢ࠾࠾ࡼࡑࡢᖺ௦ࢆ≉ᐃࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟࠶ࡿࠋ⌧ᅾⓎ᥀୰ࡢࣟࢫ࣭࢔࢞࣋ࢫ㑇㊧ࡢ࿘㎶࡛ࡣࠊ࣓࢟ࢩࢥ࡛᭱኱つᶍࡢᒾ⤮⩌ࡀⓎぢࡉࢀ࡚࠾ࡾࠊᑓ㛛ศ㔝࡛ࡣ኱࠸࡟ὀ┠ࢆ㞟ࡵ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ࡞࠿࡛ࡶ⊂≉࡞้Ⅼ༑Ꮠᩥᵝ(Pecked
Cross)ࡢᒾ⤮ࡣࠊ࣓࢟ࢩࢥ୰ኸ㧗ཎࡢ኱㑇㊧ࢸ࢜ࢸ࢕࣡࢝ࣥ㑇㊧࡛ࡶᩘⅬ☜ㄆࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡀࠊ
ྠ㑇㊧࡛ࡣࠊᑡ࡞ࡃ࡜ࡶ 16 Ⅼ௨ୖⓎぢࡉࢀ࡚࠾ࡾࠊࡇࡢ㑇㊧ࡢ⚍♭ࢭࣥࢱ࣮࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢ㔜せᛶࡀ❚࠼ࡿࠋ᭱⤊ⓗ࡟ࠊࡇࢀࡲ࡛ゎ᫂ࡢ㐍ࢇ࡛࠸࡞࠿ࡗࡓ≉᭷ࡢᒾ⤮࡟㛵ࡍࡿ◊✲ࢆࡩࡃࡵࠊ㑇㊧ࡢⓎ᥀ࢆ㏻ࡌࠊᇙⴿᩥ໬ࡸᘓ⠏ఏ⤫࡞࡝࠿ࡽ࣓࢟ࢩࢥす㒊࡜୰ኸ㧗ཎࡢᩥ᫂ࡀ࠸࠿࡟⤖ࡧࡘࡁ
Ⓨᒎࡋ࡚ࡁࡓ࠿ࢆゎ᫂ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀᮏ◊✲ࡢ┠ⓗ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ57