RITE Carbon Capture and Storage Workshop

Status of and Perspectives onCCS in China
FU Ping
Office of Global Environmental Affairs,
Ministry of Science and Technology, China
E-mail: fuping2004@gmail.com

Feb. 15, 2007, Kyoto, Japanoutline
Energy Structure and Carbon Emission inChina
 Very Preliminary Estimation of CO2
Storage Potential in China
 Current Research and Project Activities Support from the Chinese Government
 China-EU-UK Cooperation on CCS
 PerspectivesEnergy Structure: the World and China
in 2005
Percentage of Primary Energy
38.5

25.7

23.3

12.5

World68.9

19.4

China

CoalSource: Wu Zongxin, 2006

Oil

Nat.Gas

Other

38.7

Carbon Emissions in China (2004)
14001340

1200980

Mt-C

1000
800
600
400

484
100%73%36%

Total Energy

Total Coal Use

Coal Power
Generation2000

Source: Lu Xuedu, 2005

5000

4000

3000

OtherHydro
Nuclear
Gas
Oil
Coal

2000
1800

Power capacity/GW

Primary energy consumption/Mtce

A scenario generated from China
MARKAL model

2000

1000

01995 2000 2005 2010 2015 2020 2025 2030 2035 2040 2045 2050

Year1600
1400

Other

1200
1000
800

Nuclear

600
400

CoalHydro
Gas
Oil

200019952000 20052010 2015 20202025 203020352040 2045 2050

Year-- The Share of coal in the total primary energy consumption is expected todecline, but still remain around 45-50% by 2050.
-- The share of new and renewables in the total capacity of power generation isexpected to increase, but coal-fired power plants will remain around 50% of thecapacity by 2050.

CO2 storage potential in China(very preliminary estimation)

46 oil & gas reservoirs, 7.2 billion tCO2
 68 unmineable coal beds withmethane recovery, 12 billion t-CO2
 24 saline aquifers, 1,435 billion t-CO2


Source: Lu Xuedu, 2006

Current Research Activities
Several academic institutes havedone some research on carbon
capture technologies, including• Pre-combustion technologies• Post-combustion technologies

Current Project Activities

EOR (Enhanced Oil Recovery) projects
implemented in oil fields, such as Shengli,
Zhongyuan, Jilin, Daqing, Jiangsu, etc.;
ECBM (Enhanced Coal Bed Methane
Recovery) project in Qinshui, Shanxi Province;
Implementation of “GreenGen Program” by
China Huaneng Group (CHNG)
Demonstration Project of the Yantai IGCC plantfor future CO2 capture and storage and hydrogenproduction

Support from the GovernmentChina is one of the initial members of Carbon
Sequestration Leadership Forum, MOST is onbehalf of China, engaging in the Forum actively.
CCS was integrated into National Medium andLong-term Science and Technology Development
Plan towards 2020 as leading-edge technology;
In the 11th 5-Year Plan period (2006-2010), theNational High Tech. Program (“863” Program) will
support the development of CCS.

China-EU-UK Cooperation (1)The Near Zero Emissions Coal (NZEC)
Demonstration initiative, announced
at the EU-China Summit in Sep.
2005, as part of the EU-China
Partnership on Climate Change
Further developed through following agreements

China-EU-UK Cooperation (2)China-UK MoU on near-zero emissions coaltechnology through CCS (phase 1) signed inDecember 2005;
 China-EC MoU signed in February 2006;
 Overall Goals for China-EU-UK NZEC/CCS
Cooperation:
(1) assess the potential for near-zero emissions coal use
through CCS in China;(2) Develop capacity, expertise and knowledge in CSS inChina;(3)Develop and demonstrate advanced near-zero emissions
coal technology through CCS in China and EU by 2020China-EU-UK Cooperation (3)China-UK MoU cooperation (2006-2008)
covers:• 1) Develop knowledge & expertise in CCS;
• 2) Assessment of CCS potential in China;• 3) Identify opportunities for demonstration anddeployment in China;• 4) Review costs & economics of CCS in China;• 5) Options for financing R&D.

UK will support with £3.5 million.

China-EU-UK Cooperation (4)China-EC MoU defines a 3-phasecooperation:
Phase 1: Exploring the options for NZEC

technology through CCS in China (to becompleted by 2008);
Phase 2: Defining and designing a demonstration
project; andPhase 3: Construction and Operation of ademonstration project.

China-EU-UK Cooperation (5)COACH (Cooperation Action within
CCS China-EU) under EU/FP6• Target: Prepare for demonstration of nearzero emissions coal technology through CCS inChina.
• Partners: Totally 20partners, 8 Chinese.
• Work Packages:
 WP1: knowledge sharing & capacity
building
 WP2 & WP3: identification of appropriatetechnology of CO2 capture & storage andreliable geological storage capabilities
 WP4: recommendations and guidelines forimplementation• The kick-off meeting was held in Nov., 2006

China-EU-UK Cooperation (6)International Workshop on Near Zero Emissions Coalpower Generation with CCS in China• Held in Beijing by MOST of China, DEFRA and DTI of UK and EC,
4-5 July 2006;• More than 80 international participants and 100 Chineseparticipants;• Overall objective: to define, steer and develop work being
taken forward under the first phase of the NZEC Demonstration
initiative; in details:(1) Update on the status and development of CCS initiatives inChina and internationally;(2) Review the status and progress of current CCS activity in
China and in the world;(3) Facilitate and strengthen links between Chinese and theinternational CCS community;(4) Generate a ‘road map’ for assessing the potential of CCS inChina;(5) Identify key actions and milestones for development anddeployment of CCS technologies in China.

Perspectives¾¾¾

China looks CCS as one of the promisingtechnological options with significant potential for
GHGs emission reduction in the future.
As a result, even without quantified emission
limitation under KP, China is willing to join theefforts of international community on thedevelopment of CCS.
In the next 5 years, China will focus on improving
its energy efficiency, these efforts will contributeto greatly decreasing the growth of GHGs
emission in China.

Some Perspectives on CCS(Cont.)¾¾

The Chinese Government will support the research of CCS inChina, and expect Chinese CCS technology development
roadmap to be planned in line with China’s energy structure,e.g., to be combined with R&D of clean coal technology,
because coal dominates Chinese energy supply in future.
However, in near future, the scope and scale of CCS activities
in China will mainly depend on such aid as fund andtechnologies from the international community.

Some Perspectives on CCS(Cont.)¾¾

China believes that international mechanisms areimportant to develop and demonstrate CCS
technology and these mechanisms should be able
to provide sufficient financial support to CCS
activities in developing countries and should be
helpful for technology transfer.
China will continue to seek more CCS cooperation
opportunities with other partners, which are
funded by foreign governments and internationalorganizations.

Some Perspectives on CCS(Cont.)¾In near future, China will pay special attention on
9 relevant capacity building issues, such as information
sharing, exchange of professionals, and introduction ofmeasures, tools and models, etc.,
9 the areas that can bring direct economic returns, forexample, EOR.
9 supporting the implementation of the Nation’s key
energy policies, such as enhanced coal bed methane(ECBM) exploitation and recovery with CCS.

Thank you!

Acknowledgement
For their great help to thepresentation, many thanks to Mr. LUXuedu from MOST, Mr. LI Gao fromthe Administrative Centre for China’s
Agenda 21, MOST, and some otherexperts.