ISO/TC61/SC11/WG3 – Pre NWIP

Japan Barrier Society
JAPAN BARRIER SOCIETY

25 - 30 September 2011 The 60th Meeting of ISO/TC61 -plastics

Agenda Background- Features and market trend of flexible electronics devices- High-barrier film as substrate of flexible electronics devices
 Conventional ISO standard of barrier testing method
 Testing method of high-barrier film
 Advantage of ISO standardization for high-barrier testing methods
 Summary
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25 - 30 September 2011 The 60th Meeting of ISO/TC61 -plastics

Flexible electronics devices
Portable/ Rollable display

OLED display(Organic Light-Emitting Diode) Screen display

SUMITOMOUDC

New devices with flexible
technologies
OLED Lightingceiling light

OPV(Organic Photovoltaic cell)
Solar panel sheet

table light
SUMITOMO

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JAPAN BARRIER SOCIETY

25 - 30 September 2011 The 60th Meeting of ISO/TC61 -plastics

Features of flexible electronics devices
 Low-price- High productivity by Roll-to-Roll process- Low shipping cost due to light weight- 100 $ PC and electrical coursebooks for children©Nikkei bp©Konarka Portability- Rollable or bendable device- Without electric facilities,
operation of portable PC, TV, and lighting
by portable PV©Filsom©Future perfect publishing©G24 Innovations

Electrical devices for everyone, in everywhere
JAPAN BARRIER SOCIETY

425 - 30 September 2011 The 60th Meeting of ISO/TC61 -plastics

Future aspect with flexible devices
 Renewable Energy
Low cost and light weight solar cellLowcost
LightThin©Michel GUNTHER / WWF-Canon©UNICEF/HQ97-0756-Chalasani Education
Low cost electrical coursebook for every children Low CO2 emission
Light and thin products save transport cost and energy©Arne Naevra (Norway)

JAPAN BARRIER SOCIETY

525 - 30 September 2011 The 60th Meeting of ISO/TC61 -plastics

Global market forecast for organic devices
Global market sales（＄million) of organic devices in 2010-2020E- Organic devices: OLED display, OLED lighting, E-paper, and organic solar cell All organic devices
Flexible type
48 %

20 %
8%

12 %

25 %

31 %

15 %

Source: R&D Association for Future Electron Devices (2006)

 Full-fledged market expansion of flexible display is predicted after 2015
 In 2020, half of all organic devices are going to be flexible devices
JAPAN BARRIER SOCIETY

625 - 30 September 2011 The 60th Meeting of ISO/TC61 -plastics

“Glass” to “Plastic”
Required properties for substrate of electronics device
Glass

Plastic

Flexibility

--

+++

Impact resistance-++

Water-vapour barrier

+

----

Heat-resistance+--Dimensional stability++--

Light weight-++

Production cost-++Thinness-+

Plastic substrate requires water-vapour barrier property
JAPAN BARRIER SOCIETY

725 - 30 September 2011 The 60th Meeting of ISO/TC61 -plastics

Why does OLED require high-barrier substrate?
Conventional OLEDFlexible OLED

DesiccantGlass lid

H2O
CathodeEL layer

H 2OSealantCathodeAnode (ITO)

EL layer

Anode (ITO)

Glass substrate
H2O

Plastic film(without barrier layer)

H2OEmission faceLife time

500 h
10,000 h
Deterioration of EL material and electrode (cathode like Ca, Mg, Ba)
by reaction with H2O
Dark-spot
Shortage of life time for luminance of OLEDJAPAN BARRIER SOCIETY

on OLED light

825 - 30 September 2011 The 60th Meeting of ISO/TC61 -plastics

High-barrier film

Plastic film
H2O molecule

High-barrier film

O2 molecule

Gas Barrier Layers (Nanometer scale ～)ex） AlOx, SiOx …

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25 - 30 September 2011 The 60th Meeting of ISO/TC61 -plastics

Oxygen Transmission Rate/ cc-m-2 day-1-atm-1

High-barrier

Conventional barrier

Requirement of barrier properties
104102

100Packaging● PET

Vapour deposited PET
10-210-4aSi PVe-Paper
LCD
OLEDOPV

10-6

10-6Target
10-4

10-2

100102104Water vapour transmission rate / g-m-2 day-1High-barrierJAPAN BARRIER SOCIETY

Conventional barrier

1025 - 30 September 2011 The 60th Meeting of ISO/TC61 -plastics

Conventional ISO standards
 ISO-02528
Cup method
 ISO-15106-1
Humidity detection sensor method
 ISO-15106-2
Infrared detection sensor method
 ISO-15106-3
Electrolytic detection sensor method
 ISO-15106-4
Gas-chromatographic detection sensor method
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25 - 30 September 2011 The 60th Meeting of ISO/TC61 -plastics

Current methods for high-barrier measurement
WVTR / g-m-2-day-1
1

10-1

10-2

10-3

10-4

10-5

10-6

Target areaISO-15106-1 : L80-5000 (Lyssy /Moisture sensor) ref.1)
ISO-15106-2 : PERMATRAN (MOCON/ IR sensor) ref.2)
ISO-15106-4 : GTR-1000S(GTR-TECH /Gas Chromatograph ) ref.3)
ISO-15106-3 : AQUATRAN (MOCON), MODEL7001 (Illinois)/Coulometric sensor) ref.4)
DELTAPERM (TECHNOLOX/Pressure gauge) ref.5)
API-MS (NIHON-API / MS) ref.6)
Super detect SKT (TI/ QMS)ref.7)
Ca test ( Various / Ca film) ref.8)
Tritium test ref.9)(GENERAL ATOMIC)
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25 - 30 September 2011 The 60th Meeting of ISO/TC61 -plastics

Ex.1: High sensitive pressure gauge method
WVTR can be calculated by water vapour pressure through barrier film
- Differential pressure method- Slope of P(t) is proportional to WVTR
- Calibration by standard sample is unnecessary

www.technolox.com
H. Norenberg
Proc. of the International Display Workshop 2008,
p.1435 (2008)

JAPAN BARRIER SOCIETY1325 - 30 September 2011 The 60th Meeting of ISO/TC61 -plastics

Ex.2: Calcium test
WVTR can be calculated by reacted Ca metal amountSide view
Measurement sample example

Ca + 2H2O → Ca(OH)2MetalCaHigh-barrier film

InertmetalHydroxideGlassGlue

G. Nisato et al.
Proc. of the International Display
Workshop/Asia Display, 2001, 1435 (2001)

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25 - 30 September 2011 The 60th Meeting of ISO/TC61 -plastics

Ex.3: Atmospheric Pressure Ionization Mass Spectrometry
WVTR can be calculated by water vapour pressure through barrier film

- Equal-pressure method- High sensitive detector API-MS-API-MS sensitivity can detect
0.0015ppb of H2O in N2 gas

N21L/min

API-MSsample

N21L/min
Humiditycontroller

Test cell
EXTSpecification brochure in NIHON API
www.apinet.co.jp

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JAPAN BARRIER SOCIETY

25 - 30 September 2011 The 60th Meeting of ISO/TC61 -plastics

Advantage of standardization for WVTR testing
High-barrier films are objectively enabled to evaluate
Before standardization
method A/condition X○ g/m2 d

After standardization
ISO method● g/m2-d???

method B/condition Y□ g/m2 d

ISO method■ g/m2-dmethodC/condition Z△ g/m2 d

ISO method▲ g/m2-dCustomer

Supplier

Supplier

Good!

Customer Customer : Re-evaluation is unnecessary
 Supplier : Original method/condition development is unnecessary
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JAPAN BARRIER SOCIETY

25 - 30 September 2011 The 60th Meeting of ISO/TC61 -plastics

Summary Flexible electronics device markets begin to grow up by 2015
 High-barrier films are key material for flexible electronics devices
 ISO-15106 series do NOT cover WVTR of high-barrier films
 Various testing methods for high-barrier films have been proposed

ISO standardization for the high-barrier testing method is required!!

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25 - 30 September 2011 The 60th Meeting of ISO/TC61 -plastics

References1) Specification brochure in Illinois Instruments Inc.
2) Specification brochure in Mocon Inc.

www.mocon.com

3) Specification brochure in GTR Tec Corporation4) Specification brochure in Mocon Inc.

www.systecillinois.com

www.gtr-tec.com

www.mocon.com

5) H. Norenberg, Proc. of the International Display Workshop 2008 (2008)6) Specification brochure in NIHON API Co.,Ltdwww.apinet.co.jp

7) Y.Takahashi et al., IEICE Technical Report , OME2010-19, 11(2010)8) A.G.Erlat et al., Proc. Soc.Vac.Coaters., p.654 (2004)
9) T.Clausen et al., DOE Solid State Lighting Manufacturing Workshop (2009)18
JAPAN BARRIER SOCIETY

25 - 30 September 2011 The 60th Meeting of ISO/TC61 -plastics

Contact information

Prof. Kazukiyo Nagai
Professor, Meiji University, JAPANPresident, Japan Barrier Society
e-mail: nagai@meiji.ac.jp

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25 - 30 September 2011 The 60th Meeting of ISO/TC61 -plastics