໹
଼㧞
ˍ㧟
˕ᐕ
ාᐲ
ഽ
ᐔᚑ

‫ ޗ‬⢒
֗ ‫ش‬
ో஠ ቇ‫ ڠ‬ᢎ⑼ ࿒⋡၎ ਘ ါ ࣜ㜞ᐕᰴጁୃߩߚ߼ߩᚻᒁ߈

‫ ޗ‬⢒
֗ ‫ܥ‬
㜞ࣞ ╬൝ ᢎ
ᯏ ࢹ
᭴

Ⴘ

ഏ

íᲨμ‫ܖ‬૙ᏋᅹႸƷ᭗࠰ഏ‫̲ޗ‬ƴƭƍƯ 
ᲫᲨμ‫ܖ‬૙ᏋƱ᭗࠰ഏ‫ ̲ޗ‬ᲬᲨ᭗࠰ഏ‫ݣ̲ޗ‬ᝋᅹႸ 
ᲭᲨ᭗࠰ഏ૙᫱ᅹႸƷႸႎƱႸ೅ 
ᲮᲨ᭗࠰ഏ‫̲ޗ‬Ʒ૾ඥ 
ᲯᲨᅹႸƷᛠஆᲢ࠯঺ᲫᲱ࠰ࡇˌЭλ‫ܖ‬ᎍ‫ݣ‬ᝋᲣ 

Ძ
Ძ
Ძ
Ძ
Წ
Წ

îᲨᅹႸ‫̲ޗ‬ƴ᧙Ƣǔɟᑍႎදॖ 
ᲫᲨᅹႸ‫̲ޗ‬Ʒ৖ዓƖ 
ᲬᲨ‫̲ޗ‬ႇ᥵Ɣǒ঺ጚᄩᛐǇưƷ්Ǖ 
ᲭᲨዮӳᢠ৸‫ ࡸ૾̲ޗ‬

Ჭ
Ჭ
Ხ
Ხ

ïᲨ᭗࠰ഏ‫ݣ̲ޗ‬ᝋᅹႸ੉ಅ଺᧓л 
ᲫᲨ᭗࠰ഏ‫̲ޗ‬μ‫ܖ‬૙ᏋᅹႸ଺᧓л 
ᲬᲨዮӳᅹႸᲢသ‫ܖ‬ဃǻȳǿȸ᧏ᜒᅹႸᲣ଺᧓л ᲯᲯᲱðᲨ᭗࠰ഏ‫ݣ̲ޗ‬ᝋᅹႸ੉ಅϋܾ 
ᲫᲨ᭗࠰ഏ૙᫱ᅹႸ 
Ძᴈ᳛Შᛢ᫆ᅹႸ 

ᲲᲲᲲᲢ࠯঺ᲫᲱ࠰ࡇˌЭλ‫ܖ‬ᎍᲴ̾К૙᫱ᅹႸƷᛠஆᅹႸᲣ

Ძ᳜Შɼ᫆ᅹႸ

 ᲫᲪᲢ࠯঺ᲫᲱ࠰ࡇˌЭλ‫ܖ‬ᎍᲴ̾К૙᫱ᅹႸᲦऴ‫إ‬ϼྸᅹႸîƷᛠஆᅹႸᲣ ረ߃‫ע‬ғ᧏ᜒᅹႸ  ᲫᲪ ၏ᨈ‫ע‬ғ᧏ᜒᅹႸ  ᲫᲭ ˙ᣃ‫ע‬ғ᧏ᜒᅹႸ  ᲫᲮᲫᴈ᳝Შᅈ˟ᡲઃᅹႸ  ᲫᲯᲬᲨዮӳᅹႸᲢသ‫ܖ‬ဃǻȳǿȸ᧏ᜒᅹႸᲣ ᲫᲰᲭᲨᚕᛖ૨҄ᐯဌᢠ৸ᅹႸ  ᲫᲳᲢ࠯঺ᲫᲱ࠰ࡇˌЭλ‫ܖ‬ᎍᲴᚕᛖ૨҄ᅹႸîᲦ‫׎ٳ‬ᛖǳȟȥȋǱȸǷȧȳᅹႸƷᛠஆᅹႸᲣ

ᲮᲨͤࡍȷǹȝȸȄᅹ‫ܖ‬ᅹႸ ᲬᲰᲢ࠯঺ᲫᲱ࠰ࡇˌЭλ‫ܖ‬ᎍᲴͤࡍȷǹȝȸȄᅹ‫ܖ‬ᅹႸîƷᛠஆᅹႸᲣ ረ߃‫ע‬ғ᧏ᜒᅹႸ ˙ᣃ‫ע‬ғ᧏ᜒᅹႸ ᲬᲱ ᲬᲱñᲨᅹႸƷᛠஆƴƭƍƯᲢ࠯঺ᲫᲱ࠰ࡇˌЭλ‫ܖ‬ᎍ‫ݣ‬ᝋᲣ ᲬᲲƂ˄᥵ƃ࠯঺ᲬᲭ࠰ࡇ
࠯঺ᲬᲭ࠰ࡇ

μ‫ܖ‬૙Ꮛ‫࠰ܖ‬ୣ  ᲭᲫμ‫ܖ‬૙Ꮛ੉ಅଐᆉ  ᲭᲬΣ㧚ోቇᢎ⢒⑼⋡ߩ㜞ᐕᰴጁୃߦߟ޿ߡ
ᲫᲨμ‫ܖ‬૙ᏋƱ᭗࠰ഏ‫̲ޗ‬ోቇᢎ⢒ߪ㧘ᧄቇߩ✚วᄢቇߣߒߡߩ․ᕈࠍᢎ⢒ᯏ⢻ߦ↢߆ߒ㧘ఝࠇߚቇㇱᢎ⢒ࠍታᣉߔࠆߚ߼ߦ⸳ߌࠄࠇߚ߽
ߩߢߔ‫ߜࠊߥߔޕ‬㧘ߘࠇߙࠇߩቇㇱ߇ߘߩቇㇱ⁛⥄ߩኾ᡹ᢎ⢒ࠍⴕ߁ߩߣߪ೎ߦ㧘ᧄቇ߇ᜬߞߡ޿ࠆߐ߹ߑ߹ߥಽ
㊁ߩኾ㐷⎇ⓥ⠪ߩᢎ⢒⢻ജࠍ✚ว⊛ߦ↢߆ߔߎߣߦࠃߞߡ⾰ߩ㜞޿ᢎ㙃ᢎ⢒ࠍታᣉߒ㧘ߘࠇߦࠃߞߡఝࠇߚੱ᧚ࠍ
⢒ᚑߔࠆߎߣࠍ⿰ᣦߣߒߡ⸳ߌࠄࠇ߹ߒߚ‫ోޕ‬ቇᢎ⢒⑼⋡ߪ㧘ኾ᡹ᢎ⢒ߣߩ᦭ᯏ⊛ㅪ㑐ߩ߽ߣߢ㧘㧠ᐕ㧔㧢ᐕ㧕৻⽾ߩⷞὐߦߚߞߡ✬ᚑߐࠇࠆߎߣߦߥߞߡ޿߹ߔ‫߼ߚߩߘޕ‬㧘ోቇᢎ⢒⑼⋡ߪૐᐕᰴߛߌߢߥߊ㜞ᐕᰴߦ߅޿ߡ߽
ጁୃߔࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈ࠆࠃ߁ߦߥߞߡ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ᲬᲨ᭗࠰ഏ‫ݣ̲ޗ‬ᝋᅹႸ㧟ᐕᰴએ㒠㧔㜞ᐕᰴ㧕ߦદㇺ࡮▫ፒ࡮∛㒮࡮ᄢᯅ࿾඙ߢ㐿⻠ߐࠇࠆ㜞ᐕᰴጁୃኻ⽎⑼⋡ߦߪᰴߩ⑼⋡߇޽ࠅ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬㧝㧚㜞ᐕᰴᢎ㙃⑼⋡⺖㗴⑼⋡ਥ㗴⑼⋡␠ળㅪ៤⑼⋡
㧞㧚✚ว⑼⋡㧔⇐ቇ↢࠮ࡦ࠲࡯㐿⻠⑼⋡㧕㧟㧚⸒⺆ᢥൻ⥄↱ㆬᛯ⑼⋡㧠㧚ஜᐽ࡮ࠬࡐ࡯࠷⑼ቇ⑼⋡ᲭᲨ᭗࠰ഏ૙᫱ᅹႸƷႸႎƱႸ೅ቇㇱኾ᡹ᢎ⢒ࠍਥ૕ߣߔࠆ㜞ᐕᰴߩୃቇ⺖⒟ߦ߅޿ߡ㧘એਅߩߎߣࠍ⋡⊛ߣߒߚఝࠇߚੱ᧚ߩ⢒ᚑࠍ߅ߎߥ߁ߚ
߼ߦ㜞ᐕᰴᢎ㙃⑼⋡ࠍឭଏߒ㧘✚วㆬᛯጁୃᣇᑼߦࠃࠆጁୃߩផㅴࠍ࿑ࠅ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬
㧔C㧕⃻ઍ␠ળߩ⋥㕙ߔࠆ⺖㗴ࠍ⹺⼂ߒߘߩ⸃᳿ߦ⽸₂ߔࠆ␠ળᕈࠍୃᓧߔࠆ
㧔D㧕ᮮᢿ⊛ߥቇ໧㗔ၞ߳ߩℂ⸃ࠍᷓ߼✚ว⊛ߥ್ᢿജࠍ߽ߟੱ㑆ᕈࠍୃᓧߔࠆ
㧔E㧕ኾ㐷ᕈߦ㑐ㅪߒߚ๟ㄝቇ໧㗔ၞߦ㑐ߔࠆℂ⸃ࠍᷓ߼⾰ߩ㜞޿ኾ㐷ᕈࠍୃᓧߔࠆ
ߐ߹ߑ߹ߥಽ㊁ߩኾ㐷⎇ⓥ⠪ߩᢎ⢒⢻ജࠍ✚ว⊛ߦ↢߆ߔߎߣߦࠃߞߡ㧘⾰ߩ㜞޿ᢎ㙃ᢎ⢒ࠍታᣉߒ㧘ߘࠇߦࠃߞߡఝࠇߚੱ᧚ࠍ⢒ᚑߔࠆߎߣࠍ⋡⊛ߣߒߡ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ᲢǤᲣᛢ᫆ᅹႸ
ࠣࡠ࡯ࡃ࡞ൻ߇ㅴ߻⃻ઍ␠ળߦ߅޿ߡ⋥㕙ߔࠆ᭽‫⺖ߥޘ‬㗴ߦߤߩࠃ߁ߥ߽ߩ߇޽ࠅ㧘ߘࠇࠄࠍ⸃᳿ߔࠆߚ߼ߦ
ߤߩࠃ߁ߥታ〣⊛ข⚵߇ⴕࠊࠇߡ޿ࠆ߆ߦߟ޿ߡߩ✚ว⊛ߥℂ⸃ࠍୃᓧߔࠆߎߣࠍ⋡ᮡߣߒߡ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬⺖㗴⑼⋡Σ㧔࿾ၞ⎇ⓥ㧕㧛
⺖㗴⑼⋡Φ㧔⾗Ḯ࡮ࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯㧕㧛

⺖㗴⑼⋡Τ㧔ੱ㑆ߣ␠ળ㧕⺖㗴⑼⋡Χ㧔ⅣႺ࡮↢๮㧕㧛

⺖㗴⑼⋡Υ㧔వ┵⑼ቇᛛⴚ㧕ᲢȭᲣɼ᫆ᅹႸ
⃻ઍ␠ળߦ߅ߌࠆੱᢥ⑼ቇ࡮␠ળ⑼ቇ࡮⥄ὼ⑼ቇಽ㊁ߩᛴ߃ࠆ⻉໧㗴ߦߟ޿ߡ㧘࠹࡯ࡑᲤߦ✚ว⊛ߥℂ⸃ࠍୃᓧߔࠆߎߣࠍ⋡ᮡߣߒߡ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ᢥ♽ਥ㗴⑼⋡Σ㧔ືቇߣᕁᗐ㧕㧛ᢥ♽ਥ㗴⑼⋡Φ㧔ᱧผߣᢥൻ㧕㧛ᢥ♽ਥ㗴⑼⋡Ω㧔⚻ᷣߣ␠ળ㧕ℂ♽ਥ㗴⑼⋡Σ㧔↢‛⑼ቇ㧕㧛ℂ♽ਥ㗴⑼⋡Φ㧔ൻቇ㧕㧛ℂ♽ਥ㗴⑼⋡Ω㧔ᖱႎ⑼ቇ㧕㧛ᢥ♽ਥ㗴⑼⋡Τ㧔ᢥቇߣ⧓ⴚ㧕㧛ᢥ♽ਥ㗴⑼⋡Χ㧔ᢎ⢒ߣᔃℂ㧕㧛

ℂ♽ਥ㗴⑼⋡Τ㧔ᢙቇ㧕㧛ℂ♽ਥ㗴⑼⋡Χ㧔࿾⃿⑼ቇ㧕㧛ℂ♽ਥ㗴⑼⋡Ϊ㧔ஜᐽ⑼ቇ㧕ᢥ♽ਥ㗴⑼⋡Υ㧔࿾ၞߣᢥൻ㧕ᢥ♽ਥ㗴⑼⋡Ψ㧔᡽ᴦߣᴺ㧕ℂ♽ਥ㗴⑼⋡Υ㧔‛ℂቇ㧕ℂ♽ਥ㗴⑼⋡Ψ㧔࿑ᒻ⑼ቇ㧕ᲢȏᲣᅈ˟ᡲઃᅹႸ
␠ળߦ߅ߌࠆᏒ᳃ߣߒߡߩ␠ળㅪ៤ᵴേߩᗧ⟵ࠍℂ⸃ߒ㧘␠ળ߳ߩ㑐ᔃࠍ㜞߼⥄Ꮖߩ␠ળ⊛૏⟎ߠߌࠍ⹺⼂ߔࠆߎߣߦࠃࠅ㧘ᄢቇߦ߅ߌࠆୃቇᵴേߩ㊀ⷐᕈࠍౣ⹺⼂ߔࠆߣߣ߽ߦ㧘ቇ໧ߣ␠ળߣߩ㑐ࠊࠅߦߟ޿ߡߩ⍮⷗ࠍᷓ߼㧘ቇ↢ߢ޽ࠆߎߣߩ⋡⊛ᗧ⼂ࠍ⏕┙ߐߖࠆߎߣࠍ⋡ᮡߣߒߡ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ࡏ࡜ࡦ࠹ࠖࠕᵴേΣ㧛ࡏ࡜ࡦ࠹ࠖࠕᵴേΤ

㧛

  

ࠗࡦ࠲࡯ࡦࠪ࠶ࡊΣ㧛ࠗࡦ࠲࡯ࡦࠪ࠶ࡊΤΣ㧚ోቇᢎ⢒⑼⋡ߩ㜞ᐕᰴጁୃߦߟ޿ߡ
Σ㧚ోቇᢎ⢒⑼⋡ߩ㜞ᐕᰴጁୃߦߟ޿ߡ

ᲮᲨ᭗࠰ഏ‫̲ޗ‬Ʒ૾ඥᲮᲨ᭗࠰ഏ‫̲ޗ‬Ʒ૾ඥ㜞ᐕᰴߦ߅ߌࠆోቇᢎ⢒⑼⋡ߪ㧘ਥߦ㧠㗁ߩ✚วㆬᛯጁୃᣇᑼߦࠃࠅጁୃߒ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬㜞ᐕᰴጁୃኻ⽎⑼⋡ߩᄙߊߪ㧘દㇺ࡮▫ፒ࡮∛㒮࡮ᄢᯅ࿾඙ߦߡἫᦐ㧝ᤨ㒢ߦ㐿⻠ߐࠇ߹ߔ߇㧘ߘࠇએᄖߩᤨ㑆࡮႐ᚲߢㆡቱ㐿⻠ߐࠇࠆ႐ว߽޽ࠅ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬㐿⻠ߐࠇࠆ⑼⋡ฬ࡮ᢎຬฬ࡮ᦐᣣᤨ㒢࡮㐿⻠ᢎቶ╬ߦߟ޿ߡߪ㧘೎⸥ߩᤨ㑆ഀ╬ࠍෳᾖߒߡߊߛߐ޿‫ޕ‬ᲯᲨᅹႸƷᛠஆ
ᲯᲨᅹႸƷᛠஆ

Ტ࠯঺ᲫᲱ࠰ࡇˌЭλ‫ܖ‬ᎍ‫ݣ‬ᝋᲣᲢ࠯঺ᲫᲱ࠰ࡇˌЭλ‫ܖ‬ᎍ‫ݣ‬ᝋᲣᐔᚑ㧝㧤ᐕᐲ߆ࠄ㧘ోቇᢎ⢒⑼⋡ߩࠞ࡝ࠠࡘ࡜ࡓ߇ᡷᱜߐࠇ߹ߒߚ‫߼ߚߩߎޕ‬㧘ᐔᚑ㧝㧤ᐕᐲ౉ቇ⠪ࠍኻ⽎ߦ㐿⻠ߐࠇࠆ⑼⋡ࠍୃᓧߔࠆߎߣߦࠃࠅ㧘ᐔᚑ㧝㧣ᐕᐲએ೨౉ቇ⠪ߩ⑼⋡ߦ⺒ߺᦧ߃ࠄࠇ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬㧞㧤㗁એ㒠ߩ‫ޟ‬Χ㧚⑼⋡ߩ⺒ᦧߦߟ޿ߡ㧔ᐔᚑ㧝㧣ᐕᐲએ೨౉ቇ⠪ኻ⽎㧕‫⸥ߦޠ‬タߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ⑼⋡ߩ⺒ᦧ৻ⷩߢ㧘⺒ᦧ⑼⋡ࠍ⏕⹺ߩ਄㧘ጁୃ⸘↹ࠍ┙ߡࠆࠃ߁ߦߒߡߊߛߐ޿‫ޕ‬ߥ߅㧘⺒ᦧ⑼⋡ߩਛߦߪ㧘⺒ߺᦧ߃ᚻ⛯߈߇ᔅⷐߥ⑼⋡߽޽ࠅ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ᚻ⛯߈ߩ⹦⚦ߪ㧘೎ㅜ㈩Ꮣߔࠆ‫⺒ߩ⋡⑼ޟ‬ᦧߦߟ޿ߡ‫ࠍޠ‬ᾫ⺒ߩ਄㧘↳⺧ߒߡߊߛߐ޿‫ޕ‬  Τ㧚⑼⋡ጁୃߦ㑐ߔࠆ৻⥸⊛ᵈᗧ⊝ߐࠎ߇㑐ࠊࠆ᝼ᬺᤨ㑆ഀߦߪ㧘ᰴߩ߽ߩ߇޽ࠅ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬Ĭžμ‫ܖ‬૙ᏋᅹႸ ੉ಅ଺᧓лᲢƦƷᲫᲣſ ේೣߣߒߡ˙ᣃ‫ע‬ғߢ㐿⻠ߐࠇࠆμ‫ܖ‬૙ᏋᅹႸߩ᝼ᬺᤨ㑆ഀ‫ޕ‬ĭžμ‫ܖ‬૙ᏋᅹႸ ੉ಅ଺᧓лᲢƦƷᲬᲣſ ረ߃ȷ၏ᨈȷ‫ٻ‬೛ӏƼ˙ᣃ‫ע‬ғߢ㐿⻠ߐࠇࠆμ‫ܖ‬૙ᏋᅹႸߩ᝼ᬺᤨ㑆ഀ‫ޕ‬Įžμ‫ܖ‬૙ᏋᅹႸ ੉ಅ଺᧓лᲢƦƷᲭᲣſ ᚕᛖ૨҄ᄂᆮᨈረ߃Ўܴߢ㐿⻠ߐࠇࠆμ‫ܖ‬૙ᏋᅹႸߩ᝼ᬺᤨ㑆ഀ‫ޕ‬įžŨŨ‫ܖ‬ᢿ ੉ಅ଺᧓лſӲ‫ܖ‬ᢿߢ㐿⻠ߐࠇࠆ‫ݦ‬ૌ૙ᏋᅹႸߩ᝼ᬺᤨ㑆ഀ‫ޕ‬ᚕᛖ૨҄ᄂᆮᨈረ߃ЎܴӏƼ˙ᣃ‫ע‬ғߢ㐿⻠ߐࠇࠆμ‫ܖ‬Ӽƚ㧔ቇㇱቇ↢ߛߌߢߥߊᄢቇ㒮↢෸߮ᢎ⡯ຬ߽ฃ⻠ኻ⽎ߣߒߡ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬㧕Ʒİžᚕᛖ૨҄ᐯဌᢠ৸ᅹႸ ੉ಅ଺᧓лſ‫׎ٳ‬ᛖߩ᝼ᬺᤨ㑆ഀߢߔ‫ޕ‬ƳƓᲦҡಅƷவˑǛ฼ƨƢƨǊƴҥˮǛ̲ࢽƢǔ‫ئ‬ӳƸᲦɥᚡĮƷ੉ಅ଺᧓лǛ̅ဇƠǇƢƷưදॖƠƯƘƩƞƍŵᧄᦠߢߪ㧘਄⸥ԘԙԚߦ⸥タߩోቇᢎ⢒⑼⋡ߩ᝼ᬺౝኈ෸߮ጁୃᚻ⛯߈╬ߦߟ޿ߡ⺑᣿ߒ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬᝼ᬺ⑼⋡ߩㆬᛯߦ޽ߚߞߡߪ㧘λ‫଺ܖ‬ƴᣐࠋƞǕƨž࠯঺ŨŨ࠰ࡇμ‫ܖ‬ᲢσᡫᲣ૙ᏋᅹႸ‫̲ޗ‬ᙲ᪮ſ㧔٤٤ߪ౉ቇ
ᐕᐲߢߔ㧕෸߮ߎߩ‫঺࠯ޟ‬ᲬᲭ࠰ࡇμ‫ܖ‬૙ᏋᅹႸ᭗࠰ഏ‫̲ޗ‬ƷƨǊƷ৖ࡽƖſࠍᾫ⺒ߒ㧘ᰴߩ੐㗄ߦᓥߞߡߊߛߐ޿‫ޕ‬⡬⻠Ꮧᦸߩቇ↢߇ᄙᢙߩ႐วߪ㧘᝼ᬺᜂᒰᢎຬߩ್ᢿߦࠃࠅᢎቶ෼ኈቯຬࠍၮḰߣߒߡ⡬⻠߇೙㒢ߐࠇࠆߎߣ
߇޽ࠅ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ห৻ቇᦼߩหߓᦐᣣ࡮ᤨ㒢ߦ㐿⻠ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ⑼⋡ࠍⶄᢙጁୃߔࠆߎߣߪߢ߈߹ߖࠎ‫ޕ‬᝼ᬺᜂᒰᢎຬߩฃ⻠⸵นࠍฃߌ㧘߆ߟž‫ܖ‬ဃဇ᳟᳜᳑ǷǹȆȠſƴǑǓ‫̲ޗ‬ႇ᥵ƞǕƨᅹႸƴ‫ݣ‬ƠƯƷǈҥˮƸᛐ‫ܭ‬ƞǕǇƢߩߢ㧘ጁୃ⊓㍳ᚻ⛯߈ߣ⏕⹺ࠍᜰቯߩᦼ㑆ߦᔅߕⴕߞߡߊߛߐ޿‫ޕ‬ƳƓᲦӲ‫ܖ‬ᢿƷ‫ݦ‬ૌ૙ᏋᅹႸǋμ‫ܖ‬૙ᏋƱӷơž‫ܖ‬ဃဇ᳟᳜᳑ǷǹȆȠſƔǒႇ᥵ƠǇƢŵᲢˬƠᲦɟᢿƷ‫ܖ‬ᢿȷ‫ܖ‬ᅹƷ‫ݦ‬ૌ૙ᏋᅹႸưƸʙѦܴưႇ᥵ǛᘍƏ‫ئ‬ӳƕƋǓǇƢƷưᲦ৑‫ܖޓ‬ᢿȷ‫ܖ‬ᅹƷᆸӝưᄩᛐƠƯƘƩƞƍŵᲣᲫᲨᅹႸ‫̲ޗ‬Ʒ৖ዓƖ
⑼⋡ጁୃߩᚻ⛯߈ߪ㧘੉ಅ᧏‫ڼ‬ଐƔǒឪምƠƯᰴߩߣ߅ࠅⴕ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ƂᇹᲫᡵႸƃ

ƂᇹᲬᡵႸƃ

̪ӖᜒƷ১ᛐࠍฃߌࠆᦼ㑆‫ޕ‬╙㧝ㅳ⋡ߢฃ⻠ߩᛚ⹺ࠍฃߌߚ᝼ᬺ⑼⋡ࠍ‫ܖ‬Ѧऴ‫إ‬ǷǹȆȠ‫ܖ‬ဃဇ᳟᳜᳑ǷǹȆȠᴈᲢˌɦᲦž‫ܖ‬ဃဇ᳟᳜᳑ǷǹȆȠſƱƍƏᲣߦߡጁୃ⊓㍳ߔࠆᦼ㑆‫ޕ‬೨ᦼᓟᦼ㧠᦬㧝㧝ᣣ ᦬ 㨪 㧠᦬㧝㧡ᣣ ㊄㧝㧜᦬ 㧟ᣣ ᦬ 㨪㧝㧜᦬ 㧣ᣣ ㊄೨ᦼᓟᦼ㧠᦬㧝㧤ᣣ ᦬ 㨪 㧠᦬㧞㧞ᣣ ㊄㧝㧜᦬㧝㧝ᣣ Ἣ 㨪㧝㧜᦬㧝㧣ᣣ ᦬‫ޟ‬ቇ↢↪㨃㨑㨎ࠪࠬ࠹ࡓ‫ߩޠ‬೑↪ᣇᴺߦߟ޿ߡߪ೎ㅜ㈩ઃߐࠇࠆ‫ޟ‬ቇോᖱႎࠪࠬ࠹ࡓ೑↪ߩᚻᒁ߈‫ࠍޠ‬ෳᾖߒߡߊߛߐ޿‫ޕ‬‫ޟ‬ቇോᖱႎࠪࠬ࠹ࡓ೑↪ߩᚻᒁ߈‫ޠ‬㧔ࡑ࠾ࡘࠕ࡞㧕ߪ㧘ࡎ࡯ࡓࡍ࡯ࠫ߆ࠄ߽ෳᾖߔࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈߹ߔ‫ޕ‬਻Ꮊᄢቇࡎ࡯ࡓࡍ࡯ࠫ 㧪 ቇ↢ߩ⊝᭽ 㧪 ᢎോᖱႎ㧔ጁୃ⊓㍳╬㧕㧪 ጁୃ⊓㍳࡮ᚑ❣⏕⹺è ‫ޣ‬ᇹᲬᡵႸƃƷႇ᥵৖ዓǛ࣭ǔƱᲦƨƱƑ੉ಅƴЈࠗƠᲦᚾ᬴ǛӖƚᲦҗЎƴ‫ܖ‬፼ƠƨƱƍƏܱጚƕƋƬƯǋᲦҾЩƱƠƯҥˮƸᛐ‫ܭ‬ƞǕǇƤǜŵ

ƂᇹᲮᡵႸƃ

è╙㧞ㅳ⋡ߦឭ಴ߒߚጁୃ⑼⋡ߩ⊓㍳ౝኈࠍž‫ܖ‬ဃဇ᳟᳜᳑ǷǹȆȠſߢ⏕⹺ߒ㧘⊓㍳ౝኈߩㅊട࡮೥
㒰࡮ୃᱜ╬߇޽ࠆ႐วߦߪ㧘‫ޟ‬ቇ↢↪㨃㨑㨎ࠪࠬ࠹ࡓ‫⸓ࠅࠃߦޠ‬ᱜߔࠆᦼ㑆‫ޕ‬⏕⹺ᦼ㑆ߪ೨߽ߞߡឝ␜ߢ߅⍮ࠄߖߒ߹ߔ‫⊓ޕ‬㍳ౝኈߦㅊട࡮ୃᱜ࡮೥㒰╬߇ߥ޿႐วߦߪᚻ⛯߈ߩᔅⷐߪ޽ࠅ߹ߖࠎ‫ޕ‬⊓㍳ౝኈࠍ⏕⹺ߔࠆ㓙ߦߪ㧘‫ᦐޟ‬ᣣ࡮ᤨ㒢‫ޠ‬㧘‫⋡⑼ޟ‬ฬ‫ޠ‬෸߮‫ޟ‬ᢎຬฬ‫⏕ࠍޠ‬ታߦ⏕⹺ߒߡߊߛߐ޿‫ޕ‬  Τ㧚⑼⋡ጁୃߦ㑐ߔࠆ৻⥸⊛ᵈᗧƂᇹᲰᡵႸƃ

ጁୃ⊓㍳ౝኈࠍž‫ܖ‬ဃဇ᳟᳜᳑ǷǹȆȠſߢᦨ⚳⏕⹺ߔࠆᦼ㑆‫ޕ‬╙㧠ㅳ⋡ߦ⸓ᱜࠍⴕߞߚౝኈ߇ᱜߒߊ⊓㍳ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆߎߣࠍ⏕⹺ߒߡߊߛߐ޿‫ᦼߩߎޕ‬㑆ߪ㧘ž‫ܖ‬ဃဇ᳟᳜᳑ǷǹȆȠſ߆ࠄ㧘ㅊട࡮ୃᱜ࡮೥㒰╬ࠍⴕ߁ߎߣߪ಴᧪߹ߖࠎ‫ޕ‬ㅊട࡮ୃᱜ࡮೥㒰╬߇޽ࠆ႐วߦߪ㧘μ‫ܖ‬૙Ꮛᛢμ‫ܖ‬૙Ꮛ૙Ѧ̞෶ߪᚲዻߔࠆቇㇱߩቇ↢ଥߦ↳ߒ಴ߡߊߛߐ޿‫ޕ‬ߎߩᦨ⚳⏕⹺ᦼ㑆એ㒠ߩ⸓ᱜߪේೣߣߒߡ⹺߼ࠄࠇ߹ߖࠎߩߢ㧘ᵈᗧߒߡߊߛߐ޿‫ޕ‬ƂᇹᲱᡵႸƃ

᝼ᬺౝኈ߇ᗐቯߒߡ޿ߚ߽ߩߣ⇣ߥߞߡ޿ߚࠅ㧘ጁୃ਄ᔅⷐߥ⍮⼂߇ਇ⿷ߒߡ޿ࠆ╬ߩℂ↱ߢጁୃࠍਛᱛߒߚ޿႐วߦ㧘ž‫̲ޗ‬ɶഥſƷဎᛪǛμ‫ܖ‬૙Ꮛᛢμ‫ܖ‬૙Ꮛ૙Ѧ̞෶ߪ৑‫ܖޓ‬ᢿƷ‫ܖ‬ဃ̞ሁưᘍƏᦼ㑆‫ޕ‬㧔̪ߎߩž‫̲ޗ‬ɶഥſ೙ᐲࠍ೑↪ߢ߈ࠆߩߪ㧳㧼㧭߇ㆡ↪ߐࠇࠆᐔᚑ㧝㧥ᐕᐲએ㒠ߩ౉ቇ⠪ߢߔ‫ޕ‬㧕ጁୃਛᱛ߇↳⺧ߢ߈ࠆ⑼⋡ߪ㧘ᢠ৸Ტᢠ৸࣏̲ᲣᅹႸߢߔ‫ޕ‬ᔅୃ⑼⋡ߣ㓸ਛ⻠⟵⑼⋡ߪ㧘↳⺧ߢ߈߹ߖࠎ‫ޕ‬ƜǕˌᨀƷž‫̲ޗ‬ɶഥſƸᛐǊǇƤǜŵߚߛߒ㧘ୃቇㅜਛߢ㧘∛᳇߿․೎ߥ੐ᖱ╬ߢୃቇ߇⛮⛯ߢ߈ߥ޿႐วߦኻᔕߔࠆߚ߼㧘ୃቇᜰዉ⋧⺣ຬ╬߆ࠄߩ↳⺧ߦࠃࠅ㧘ጁୃਛᱛࠍ⹺߼ࠆ೙ᐲ߇޽ࠅ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ᲬᲨ‫̲ޗ‬ႇ᥵Ɣǒ঺ጚᄩᛐǇưƷ්Ǖ
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ȷ੉ಅ᧏‫ڼ‬ᇹᲫᡵႸᲴӲӲ੉ಅਃ࢘૙Ճߦฃ⻠ߩ১ᛐࠍฃߌࠆ
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Ӳ ੉ ಅ ਃ ࢘ ૙ Ճ‫ܖ‬ȷ੉ಅ᧏‫ڼ‬ᇹᲬᡵႸᲴฃ⻠⸵นߐࠇߚ⑼⋡ࠍž‫ܖ‬ဃဇ᳟᳜᳑ǷǹȆȠſư‫̲ޗ‬ႇ᥵ߔࠆᏋ‫ܖ‬ဃဇ᳟᳜᳑ǷǹȆȠᅹႸȷ੉ಅ᧏‫ڼ‬ᇹᲮȷᲰᡵႸᲴ⊓㍳ౝኈࠍž‫ܖ‬ဃဇ᳟᳜᳑ǷǹȆȠſưᄩᛐߔࠆǛ‫ܖ‬ဃဇ᳟᳜᳑ǷǹȆȠ

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ȷ੉ಅ᧏‫ڼ‬ᇹᲮȷᲰᡵႸᲴ㧔ጁୃ⊓㍳ߦ⺋ࠅ߇޽ࠆ႐ว㧕⊓㍳ౝኈߩᚖദ৖ዓƖࠍⴕ߁‫ܖ‬ဃဇ᳟᳜᳑ǷǹȆȠᲢᇹᲮᡵᲣӍƸ ᆸӝᲢᇹᲰᡵǔ‫ܖ‬μ‫ܖ‬૙Ꮛᛢμ‫ܖ‬૙Ꮛ૙Ѧ̞৑৑‫ܖޓ‬ᢿ‫ܖ‬ဃ̞ሁ ǇƨƸ૙ȷ੉ಅ᧏‫ڼ‬ᇹᡵႸᲴ㧔ጁୃࠍਛᱛߒߚ޿⑼⋡߇޽ࠆ႐ว㧕ጁୃਛᱛߩ৖ዓƖࠍⴕ߁

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ȷ‫ܭ‬஖ᚾ᬴ኳʕࢸᲴž‫ܖ‬ဃဇ᳟᳜᳑ǷǹȆȠſư঺ጚǛᄩᛐߔࠆ‫ܖ‬ဃဇ᳟᳜᳑ǷǹȆȠදᲣଐ଺ሁƸਫ਼ᅆƴǑǓƓჷǒƤƠǇƢƷưᲦ˙ᣃ‫ע‬ғӏƼӲ‫ܖ‬ᢿƷਫ਼ᅆெƴදॖƠƯƘƩƞƍŵ

ᲭᲨዮӳᢠ৸‫ࡸ૾̲ޗ‬ߔߴߡߩోቇᢎ⢒⑼⋡ߣઁߩቇㇱ࡮ቇ⑼㧔ᚲዻߔࠆቇㇱ࡮ቇ⑼ߦ߅޿ߡߪ৻ㇱߩ႐ว޽ࠅ㧕ߢ㐿⻠ߐࠇࠆኾ᡹ᢎ⢒⑼⋡ߩਛ߆ࠄ⑼⋡ࠍㆬᛯߒߡጁୃߔࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈ࠆ೙ᐲߢߔ‫✚ޕ‬วㆬᛯጁୃᣇᑼߪ㧘ቇ໧⎇ⓥߩᕆㅦߥ⊒ዷ߿ߘߩ␠
ળ೑↪ߩᄙ᭽ߥዷ㐿ߦኻᔕߒߡቇ↢ߩ୘ᕈ޽ࠆᄙ㕙⊛ߥ⢻ജࠍᨵエߦ⊒ើߐߖࠆߎߣࠍ⋡ᮡߣߒߡ㧘਻Ꮊᄢቇߩ✚วᄢቇߣߒߡߩఝࠇߚᢎ⢒⢻ജࠍ↢߆ߔ߽ߩߣߒߡ⸳ߌࠄࠇߡ޿߹ߔ‫✚ޕ‬วㆬᛯጁୃᣇᑼߦኻᔕߔࠆߚ߼ኾ᡹ᢎ⢒⑼⋡ߪઁߩቇㇱ࡮ቇ⑼ߩቇ↢ߦኻߒߡේೣߣߒߡ㐿᡼ߐࠇ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ጁୃߔߴ߈න૏ᢙߪ㧘ฦቇㇱ㧔ቇ⑼࡮ࠦ࡯ࠬ╬㧕ߏߣߦቯ߼ࠄࠇߡ޿߹ߔߩߢ㧘ฦቇㇱ㧔ቇ⑼࡮ࠦ࡯ࠬ╬㧕ߩጁୃ⚦⋡ࠍࠃߊ⺒ࠎߢጁୃߒߡߊߛߐ޿‫ޕ‬㧝࡮㧞ᐕᰴ㧔ૐᐕᰴ㧕ߦ㧘▫ፒ࡮∛㒮࡮ᄢᯅ࡮દㇺ࿾඙ߢ㐿⻠ߐࠇࠆ㜞ᐕᰴጁୃኻ⽎⑼⋡ࠍጁୃߔࠆߎߣߪߢ߈߹
ߖࠎ‫ޕ‬ߥ߅㧘㧟ᐕᰴએ㒠㧔㜞ᐕᰴ㧕ߦ㧘દㇺ࿾඙㧔࠮ࡦ࠲࡯࠱࡯ࡦ㧕ߢ㐿⻠ߐࠇࠆోቇᢎ⢒⑼⋡ࠍතᬺߦᔅⷐߥන૏ᢙࠍ
⿥ㆊߒߡጁୃߒߚ႐วߪ㧘✚วㆬᛯጁୃᣇᑼߢߩන૏ߣߔࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈߹ߔ‫ޕ‬㧟ᐕᰴએ㒠㧔㜞ᐕᰴ㧕ߦⶄᢙߩ࿾඙ߢጁୃߔࠆోቇᢎ⢒⑼⋡㧔ౣጁୃࠍ฽߻㧕߇޽ࠆ႐ว߽㧘ᚲቯߩᦼ㑆ߦž‫ܖ‬ဃဇ᳟᳜᳑ǷǹȆȠſߦࠃࠅጁୃ⊓㍳ࠍⴕߞߡߊߛߐ޿‫ޕ‬Υ㧚㜞ᐕᰴጁୃኻ⽎⑼⋡᝼ᬺᤨ㑆ഀᲫ᭗࠰ഏ‫̲ޗ‬μ‫ܖ‬૙ᏋᅹႸ଺᧓л
ƂЭų஖ƃ
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㜞
ᐕ
ᰴ
ᢎ
㙃
⑼
⋡

ᦐᣣ࡮ᤨ㒢 㩄㨺㩎㩨Ἣᦐ࡮㧝㒢㨪

᝼ᬺ⑼⋡ฬ

೽‫ޓ‬㗴

ᜂᒰᢎຬ

࿾඙

⻠⟵ቶ

 ⺖㗴⑼⋡Σ㧔࿾ၞ⎇ⓥ㧕

'7⺰ၮ␆̆೙ᐲߣ⚻ᷣጤ↰ஜᴦ‫ઁޓ‬ᢥ♽㧕㧝㧜㧠⻠⟵ቶ ᢥ♽ਥ㗴⑼⋡Φ㧔ᱧผߣᢥൻ㧕ผᢱߢߺࠆᦺ㞲ਛ਎␠ળ᫪ᐔ㓷ᒾᢥ♽㧕㧞㧜㧠⻠⟵ቶ ᢥ♽ਥ㗴⑼⋡Χ㧔ᢎ⢒ߣᔃℂ㧕

ࠣࡠ࡯ࡃ࡝࠯࡯࡚ࠪࡦߩਛߩ
┻ᾢዏᄦ‫ઁޓ‬ࠕࠫࠕߩᢎ⢒

ᢥ♽㧕㧞㧜㧞⻠⟵ቶ ᢥ♽ਥ㗴⑼⋡Ψ㧔᡽ᴦߣᴺ㧕࿖㓙␠ળߣ޿߁‛⺆㖧‫⋧ޓ‬ᾨ

ᢥ♽㧕㧝㧜㧟⻠⟵ቶ ᢥ♽ਥ㗴⑼⋡Ω㧔⚻ᷣߣ␠ળ㧕ᖱႎᛛⴚߣ⚻ᷣ␠ળ◉㦮ᓆᒾ▫ፒ ᢥ♽㧕㧞㧜㧟⻠⟵ቶ ℂ♽ਥ㗴⑼⋡Σ㧔↢‛⑼ቇ㧕⚦⢩ߩⶄ⵾ߣ⊒↢࡮ಽൻ૒ᣇഞᐘ‫ઁޓ‬ℂ㧕↢‛╙㧟⻠⟵ቶ ℂ♽ਥ㗴⑼⋡Υ㧔‛ℂቇ㧕⥄ὼ⑼ቇ᭎⺰

㡍↰᣽ਯ‫ઁޓ‬ℂ㧕‛ℂ╙㧟⻠⟵ቶ ℂ♽ਥ㗴⑼⋡Χ㧔࿾⃿⑼ቇ㧕ᶏᵗቇ᭎⺰ᷡᎹ᣽৻‫ઁޓ‬ℂ㧕࿾ᖺ╙㧞⻠⟵ቶ ℂ♽ਥ㗴⑼⋡Ϊ㧔ஜᐽ⑼ቇ㧕૕㛎ߢቇ߱ࠦࡒࡘ࠾ࠤ࡯࡚ࠪ
⑔⋓⧷᣿‫ઁޓ‬ࡦߣᔃߩஜᐽ ⺖㗴⑼⋡Τ㧔ੱ㑆ߣ␠ળ㧕ળ␠ߣߪ૗߆㧘⿠ᬺߔࠆߣߪ
ᷗ↰ศ↵‫ઁޓ‬૗߆ࠍቇ߷߁

㧞㧝਎♿੤ᵹࡊ࡜ࠩΣᄙ⋡⊛ࡎ࡯࡞
▫ፒ
દㇺ
╳⚡

㧔ᧂቯ㧕

ᄢᯅ

඙ಽ

䏚

⑼ஜ
ቇᐽ
⑼࡮
⋡ࠬ
ࡐ
࠷

 ℂ♽ਥ㗴⑼⋡Τ㧔ᢙቇ㧕

ක≮⛔⸘ቇ

ᄢ༑㓷ᢥ

∛㒮࿾඙✚ว⎇ⓥ᫟∛㒮 㧝㧜㧡ภ ℂ♽ਥ㗴⑼⋡Φ㧔ൻቇ㧕ᣂߒ޿̌ߊߔࠅ̍߳ߩ㆏

ᬀ↰‫ޓ‬ᱜ‫ઁޓ‬⮎㧕╙㧟⻠ၴ ⺖㗴⑼⋡Χ㧔ⅣႺ࡮↢๮㧕ᣣᧄߩࠣ࡜ࡦ࠼࠺ࠩࠗࡦㇺ↲ᐽ⥋ᄢᯅ ⧓Ꮏ㧕㧡㧝㧝⻠⟵ቶ ⺖㗴⑼⋡Υ㧔వ┵⑼ቇᛛⴚ㧕

Ꮏቇߣ୶ℂ

ਛ㉿౏຦

Ꮏ㧕╙㧠⻠⟵ቶ ⺖㗴⑼⋡Φ㧔⾗Ḯ࡮㨾㩒㩣㩁㩨㨺㧕ⅣႺ⺞๺ဳ␠ળߩ᭴▽ᯅῪஜ৻‫ઁޓ‬ ℂ♽ਥ㗴⑼⋡Τ㧔ᢙቇ㧕ࠪࠬ࠹ࡓߣ೙ᓮ

᫃ේብਯᎿ㧕╙㧡⻠⟵ቶ ℂ♽ਥ㗴⑼⋡Ω㧔ᖱႎ⑼ቇ㧕⣖ᖱႎ⑼ቇ᭎⺰દ⦟⊝໪ᴦ

Ꮏ㧕╙㧞⻠⟵ቶᦐᣣ࡮ᤨ㒢 㩄㨺㩎㩨

᝼ᬺ⑼⋡ฬ

⒳⋡╬

 り૕ㆇേ⑼ቇታ⠌ΥἫᦐ࡮㧝㒢㨪ᜂᒰᢎຬᎿ㧕╙㧟⻠⟵ቶ
દㇺ

࿾඙

⻠⟵ቶ╬

ࡃ࠼ࡒࡦ࠻ࡦᯅᧄ౏㓶▫ፒ ▫ፒ࿾඙࡮૕⢒ᣉ⸳✚วဳࠬࡐ࡯࠷ᾢ⼱⑺ਃ

દㇺ દㇺ࿾඙࡮૕⢒ᣉ⸳ り૕ㆇേ⑼ቇታ⠌Φ り૕ㆇേ⑼ቇታ⠌Υ り૕ㆇേ⑼ቇታ⠌Φ㪄㩷㪌㩷㪄Υ㜞ᐕᰴጁୃኻ⽎⑼⋡᝼ᬺᤨ㑆ഀΥ㜞ᐕᰴጁୃኻ⽎⑼⋡᝼ᬺᤨ㑆ഀ㜞ᐕᰴጁୃోቇᢎ⢒⑼⋡ᤨ㑆ഀ㜞ᐕᰴጁୃోቇᢎ⢒⑼⋡ᤨ㑆ഀ

Ƃࢸų஖ƃ
Ƃࢸų஖ƃ
඙ಽ

Ἣᦐ࡮㧝㒢
㨪


⻠⟵ቶ

೽㗴

ᜂᒰᢎຬ

 ⺖㗴⑼⋡Σ㧔࿾ၞ⎇ⓥ㧕

ࠣࡠ࡯ࡃ࡞ൻߣࠕࠫࠕ⚻ᷣᷓᎹඳผ‫ઁޓ‬ᢥ♽㧕㧝㧜㧠⻠⟵ቶ ᢥ♽ਥ㗴⑼⋡Τ㧔ᢥቇߣ⧓ⴚ㧕

ᢥቇߣ⧓ⴚ

㜞㊁ᵏᔒ

ᢥ♽㧕㧞㧜㧠⻠⟵ቶ ᢥ♽ਥ㗴⑼⋡Χ㧔ᢎ⢒ߣᔃℂ㧕

␠ળ↢ᵴߦ߅ߌࠆኻੱ㑐ଥ⑔⇐⇐⟤‫ઁޓ‬ᢥ♽㧕㧞㧜㧞⻠⟵ቶ ᢥ♽ਥ㗴⑼⋡Ψ㧔᡽ᴦߣᴺ㧕⃻ઍਛ࿖᡽ᴦ⺰᧘‫ޓ‬ᒄ᧜▫ፒ ᢥ♽㧕㧝㧜㧟⻠⟵ቶ ᢥ♽ਥ㗴⑼⋡Ω㧔⚻ᷣߣ␠ળ㧕ㄭઍ⚻ᷣቇߩၮ␆

ችỈஜ੺ᢥ♽㧕㧞㧜㧟⻠⟵ቶ ℂ♽ਥ㗴⑼⋡Φ㧔ൻቇ㧕

ⅣႺ໧㗴ߣ⥄ὼ⑼ቇ

ศ᧛๺ਭ‫ઁޓ‬ℂ㧕ൻቇ╙㧞⻠⟵ቶ ℂ♽ਥ㗴⑼⋡Ϊ㧔ஜᐽ⑼ቇ㧕ᔕ↪ஜᐽቇਣጊᔀ‫ઁޓ‬ℂ㧕↢‛╙㧞⻠⟵ቶᦐᣣ࡮ᤨ㒢 㩄㨺㩎㩨

᝼ᬺ⑼⋡ฬ

࿾඙

▫ፒ
㜞
ᐕ
ᰴ
ᢎ
㙃
⑼
⋡

 ⺖㗴⑼⋡Τ㧔ੱ㑆ߣ␠ળ㧕ੱ㑆ജ㧘࿖㓙ജ㧘⥄┙♖␹ࠍᷗ↰ศ↵‫ઁޓ‬
ߟߌࠃ߁

દㇺ
╳⚡

㧔ᧂቯ㧕

ᄢᯅ
▫ፒ
㓸ਛ⻠⟵̪ 㧙 ⺖㗴⑼⋡Τ㧔ੱ㑆ߣ␠ળ㧕⎇ⓥߣᛛⴚߩࡑࡀࠫࡔࡦ࠻

⼱Ꮉ‫ޓ‬ᔀ‫ઁޓ‬દㇺ 㧔ᧂቯ㧕
ᄢᯅ

Ἣᦐ࡮㧝㒢
㨪


↢ᘒ♽ߩ᭴ㅧߣᯏ⢻਄㊁㜞ᢅ‫ઁޓ‬∛㒮 ⺖㗴⑼⋡Χ㧔ⅣႺ࡮↢๮㧕ᣣᧄ࡮࠺ࠩࠗࡦ

᫪↰᣽༹‫ઁޓ‬ᄢᯅ ⧓Ꮏ㧕㧡㧞㧠⻠⟵ቶ ⺖㗴⑼⋡Φ㧔⾗Ḯ࡮㨾㩒㩣㩁㩨㨺㧕ᰴ਎ઍߩૐ὇⚛ࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯

૒‫৻ᧁޘ‬ᚑ‫ઁޓ‬Ꮏ㧕╙㧢⻠⟵ቶ ℂ♽ਥ㗴⑼⋡Φ㧔ൻቇ㧕ൻቇ⧷⺆㊄↰‫ޓ‬㓉‫ઁޓ‬Ꮏ㧕╙㧡⻠⟵ቶ ℂ♽ਥ㗴⑼⋡Ψ㧔࿑ᒻ⑼ቇ㧕࿑ᒻᖱႎಣℂ౉㐷ᄢ᦬ᓀ㚅 ℂ♽ਥ㗴⑼⋡Ω㧔ᖱႎ⑼ቇ㧕

ᖱႎ⑼ቇߩ਎⇇㡻ᨋዏ㕏‫ઁޓ‬Ꮏ㧕╙㧠⻠⟵ቶ

Ꮏቇߣ୶ℂ

㥲⮮ੌᢥ

㧔ᧂቯ㧕

㓸ਛ⻠⟵̪ 㧙 ⺖㗴⑼⋡Υ㧔వ┵⑼ቇᛛⴚ㧕

඙ಽ

䏚

⑼ஜ
ቇᐽ
⑼࡮
⋡ࠬ
ࡐ

ᦐᣣ࡮ᤨ㒢 㩄㨺㩎㩨

᝼ᬺ⑼⋡ฬ

⒳⋡╬

 り૕ㆇേ⑼ቇታ⠌ΥἫᦐ࡮㧝㒢㨪
∛㒮࿾඙✚ว⎇ⓥ᫟
࠮ࡒ࠽࡯ቶ㧝㧜㧡

 ℂ♽ਥ㗴⑼⋡Σ㧔↢‛⑼ቇ㧕ᜂᒰᢎຬદㇺ Ꮏ㧕ᖱႎ⻠⟵ቶ㧞

࿾඙

⻠⟵ቶ╬

ࡃ࠼ࡒࡦ࠻ࡦઁ᧖ጊ૫↢▫ፒ ▫ፒ࿾඙࡮૕⢒ᣉ⸳✚วဳࠬࡐ࡯࠷

ᨋ‫⋥ޓ‬੧દㇺ દㇺ࿾඙࡮૕⢒ᣉ⸳ り૕ㆇേ⑼ቇታ⠌Φ り૕ㆇേ⑼ቇታ⠌Υ り૕ㆇേ⑼ቇታ⠌Φ࠷̪‫ޣ‬㓸ਛ⻠⟵‫⺖ޤ‬㗴⑼⋡Τ㧔೽㗴㧦⎇ⓥߣᛛⴚߩࡑࡀࠫࡔࡦ࠻㧕ߪ▫ፒ㧘દㇺ㧘ᄢᯅ࿾඙㧔㆙㓒⻠⟵ࠪࠬ࠹ࡓࠍ೑↪㧕ߢ‫ޓޓ‬㐿⻠ࠍ੍ቯߒߡ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ᣣ⒟࡮ᢎቶ╬ߦߟ޿ߡߪᓟᣣឝ␜ߢ߅⍮ࠄߖߒ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬̪‫ޣ‬㓸ਛ⻠⟵‫⺖ޤ‬㗴⑼⋡Υ㧔೽㗴㧦Ꮏቇߣ୶ℂ㧕ߪદㇺ࿾඙ߢ㐿⻠ࠍ੍ቯߒߡ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ᣣ⒟࡮ᢎቶ╬ߦߟ޿ߡߪᓟᣣឝ␜ߢ
‫߅ޓޓ‬⍮ࠄߖߒ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬Ƃ᧏ᜒ‫ܖ‬஖ச‫ܭ‬ƃƂ᧏ᜒ‫ܖ‬஖ச‫ܭ‬ƃ඙ಽᦐᣣ࡮ᤨ㒢 㩄㨺㩎㩨ᢎ㜞 㓸ਛ⻠⟵̪㙃ᐕ⑼ᰴ ᧂቯ‫̪ޓޓ‬
⋡

᝼ᬺ⑼⋡ฬ

೽㗴

ᜂᒰᢎຬ

㧙 ⺖㗴⑼⋡Σ㧔࿾ၞ⎇ⓥ㧕

ࠕࡦ࠻࡟ࡊ࡟࠽࡯ࠪ࠶ࡊ࡮
ࡈࠔࠗ࠽ࡦࠬ㧙 ⺖㗴⑼⋡Υ㧔వ┵⑼ቇᛛⴚ㧕ࡆࠫࡀࠬߦ߅ߌࠆ┹੎ఝ૏ᕈ 㜞↰‫ޓ‬ੳᧂቯ̪‫⺖ޟ‬㗴⑼⋡Σ‫ޠ‬㧔೽㗴㧦ࠕࡦ࠻࡟ࡊ࡟࠽࡯ࠪ࠶ࡊ࡮ࡈࠔࠗ࠽ࡦࠬ㧕㧔ᜂᒰᢎຬ㧦ᧂቯ㧕̪‫⺖ޟ‬㗴⑼⋡Υ‫ޠ‬㧔೽㗴㧦ࡆࠫࡀࠬߦ߅ߌࠆ┹੎ఝ૏ᕈ㧕㧔ᜂᒰᢎຬ㧦㜞↰‫ޓ‬ੳ㧕‫ ޓޓ‬34'%ឭଏ⑼⋡㧕‫ޓ‬਄⸥⑼⋡ߩ㐿⻠ࠍ੍ቯߒߡ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ᣣ⒟࡮ᢎቶ╬ߦߟ޿ߡߪ㧘ᓟᣣឝ␜ߢ߅⍮ࠄߖߒ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬

㪄㩷㪍㩷㪄

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▫ፒ 㧔ᧂቯ㧕ᧂቯ 㧔ᧂቯ㧕Υ㧚㜞ᐕᰴጁୃኻ⽎⑼⋡᝼ᬺᤨ㑆ഀΥ㧚㜞ᐕᰴጁୃኻ⽎⑼⋡᝼ᬺᤨ㑆ഀ‫✚ޓޓ‬ว⑼⋡㧔⇐ቇ↢࠮ࡦ࠲࡯㐿⻠⑼⋡㧕ᤨ㑆ഀ‫✚ޓޓ‬ว⑼⋡㧔⇐ቇ↢࠮ࡦ࠲࡯㐿⻠⑼⋡㧕ᤨ㑆ഀᲬዮӳᅹႸᲢသ‫ܖ‬ဃǻȳǿȸ᧏ᜒᅹႸᲣ଺᧓лᲬዮӳᅹႸᲢသ‫ܖ‬ဃǻȳǿȸ᧏ᜒᅹႸᲣ଺᧓л‫ޓ‬એਅߩ⑼⋡ߪ㧘သ‫ܖ‬ဃǻȳǿȸ߇ᄖ࿖ੱ⍴ᦼ⇐ቇࠦ࡯ࠬߢ㐿⻠ߔࠆ⑼⋡ߢߔ߇㧘ᢎቶቯຬߩ▸࿐ౝߢμ‫ܖ‬૙Ꮛᅹသ‫ܖ‬ဃǻȳǿȸμ‫ܖ‬૙Ꮛᅹ
Ⴘߣߒߡߩጁୃ߇⹺߼ࠄࠇߡ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬Ⴘ ‫੉ޓ‬ಅƷ૙ܴᲦ଺᧓л‫୼٭‬ሁߦߟ޿ߡߪ㧘ฦቇㇱ෸߮ోቇᢎ⢒⺖ᢎോଥߩឝ␜᧼ߦࠃࠅ೎ㅜ߅⍮ࠄߖߒ߹ߔߩߢ㧘੉ಅƷ૙ܴᲦ଺᧓л‫୼٭‬ሁឝ␜ߦᵈᗧߒߡߊߛߐ޿‫ޕ‬ųųųųųųųƂЭ஖ƃũ,69 ,CRCPKP6QFC[ U9QTNF ᧏ᜒᅹႸ
‫ޓ‬ᰴߩ⑼⋡ߪ✚ว⑼⋡㧔ᐔᚑᐕᐲએ೨౉ቇ⠪ߪ୘೎ᢎ㙃⑼⋡㧕ߣߒߡ㐿᡼ߐࠇ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬‫੉ޓ‬ಅƸƢǂƯᒍᛖƴǑǓᘍǘǕ㧘ේೣߣߒߡ61'(.ὐ⒟ᐲߩ⧷⺆ജࠍጁୃߩ᧦ઙߣߒ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬੉ಅƸƢǂƯᒍᛖƴǑǓᘍǘǕ‫ޓ‬ฃ⻠ߔࠆߦߪ㧘‫ޟ‬ቇ↢↪㨃㨑㨎ࠪࠬ࠹ࡓ‫ߡߦޠ‬ጁୃ⊓㍳ߔࠆ೨ߦ㧘⇐ቇ↢⺖㧔࿖㓙ㇱ᫟ౝ㧕ߢ㈩ઃߐࠇࠆ‫ޟ‬,69ࠦ࡯ࠬฃ⻠⺞ᦠ‫ߦޠ‬᝼ᬺᜂᒰᢎຬ߆ࠄߩฃ⻠⸵นߩ⟑ฬ㧔᛼ශ㧕ࠍฃߌߚᓟ㧘ߎߩ⺞ᦠࠍ⇐ቇ↢⺖߳ឭ಴ߒߡߊߛߐ޿‫ޕ‬‫߅ߥޓ‬㧘,69ࠦ࡯ࠬฃ⻠⺞ᦠ෸߮ᤨ㑆ഀ࡮ࠪ࡜ࡃࠬ⹦⚦ߪ㧘JVVRYYYKUEM[WUJWWCELRLVYEQWTUGUEQWTUGUJVO ߦߡ࠳࠙ࡦࡠ࡯࠼ߢ
߈߹ߔ‫ޕ‬‫ߚ߹ޓ‬㧘ᄖ࿖ੱ⍴ᦼ⇐ቇࠦ࡯ࠬ㧔ㅢ⒓㧦,69㧕ߣߪ㧘ਥߦᧄቇߣ⻉ᄖ࿖ߩᄢቇ㑆ߩቇ↢੤ᵹදቯߦၮߠߊ੤឵⇐ቇ↢ࠍฃߌ౉ࠇߡ޿ࠆඨᐕ߹
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ũ#69 #UKCKP6QFC[ U9QTNF ᧏ᜒᅹႸ
‫ޓ‬ᰴߩ⑼⋡ߪ㧘⇐ቇ↢࠮ࡦ࠲࡯߇ᄖ࿖ੱ⍴ᦼ⇐ቇࠦ࡯ࠬߩ৻Ⅳߣߒߡᄐቄ㓸ਛߢታᣉߔࠆ਻Ꮊᄢቇࠨࡑ࡯ࠦ࡯ࠬߢ㐿⻠ߐࠇࠆ⑼⋡ߢߔ߇㧘✚ว⑼⋡㧔ᐔᚑᐕᐲએ೨౉ቇ⠪ߪ୘೎ᢎ㙃⑼⋡㧕ߣߒߡጁୃߢ߈߹ߔ‫ޕ‬‫੉ޓ‬ಅƸƢǂƯᒍᛖƴǑǓᘍǘǕ㧘ේೣߣߒߡ61'(.ὐ⒟ᐲߩ⧷⺆ജࠍጁୃߩ᧦ઙߣߒ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬੉ಅƸƢǂƯᒍᛖƴǑǓᘍǘǕ‫ޓ‬ӖᜒဃƷѪᨼӏƼ‫̲ޗ‬ႇ᥵૾ඥሁƷᛇኬƴƭƍƯƸᲦࢸଐਫ਼ᅆƴǑǓƓჷǒƤƠǇƢŵ
ӖᜒဃƷѪᨼӏƼ‫̲ޗ‬ႇ᥵૾ඥሁƷᛇኬƴƭƍƯƸᲦࢸଐਫ਼ᅆƴǑǓƓჷǒƤƠǇƢŵ

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ᣣᧄᢥቇߦ߅ߌࠆ‫ޟ‬ᱫ‫ߩޠ‬⠨ኤ⃻ઍߩᣣᧄߣࠕࠫࠕᄥᐔᵗォ ឵ ᦼ ߩ ᣣ ᧄ ᡽ ᴦ ␠ ળ

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ࡇ࠾ࡦࠣ࠻ࡦ
࠹ࠝ‫ࡦࡋ࡯ࠪޓ‬ࡧࠔࡦࠝ࡯ࡌ࡞ࡌࠤኻ⽎ቇㇱ╬ోቇㇱోቇᐕ
ోቇㇱోቇᐕ
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ųųųųųųųƂࢸ஖ƃũ,69 ,CRCPKP6QFC[ U9QTNF ᧏ᜒᅹႸ
‫ࢸ̪ޓ‬஖Ʒ੉ಅ଺᧓лƸᲦࢸ஖᧏‫ڼ‬ЭǇưƴਫ਼ᅆƴǑǓƓჷǒƤƠǇƢŵ
ࢸ஖Ʒ੉ಅ଺᧓лƸᲦࢸ஖᧏‫ڼ‬ЭǇưƴਫ਼ᅆƴǑǓƓჷǒƤƠǇƢŵ
‫✚ޓ‬ว⑼⋡㧔ᐔᚑᐕᐲએ೨౉ቇ⠪ߪ୘೎ᢎ㙃⑼⋡㧕ߣߒߡ㐿᡼ߐࠇ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬‫੉ޓ‬ಅƸƢǂƯᒍᛖƴǑǓᘍǘǕ㧘ේೣߣߒߡ61'(.ὐ⒟ᐲߩ⧷⺆ജࠍጁୃߩ᧦ઙߣߒ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬੉ಅƸƢǂƯᒍᛖƴǑǓᘍǘǕ‫ޓ‬ฃ⻠ߔࠆߦߪ㧘‫ޟ‬ቇ↢↪㨃㨑㨎ࠪࠬ࠹ࡓ‫ߡߦޠ‬ጁୃ⊓㍳ߔࠆ೨ߦ㧘⇐ቇ↢⺖㧔࿖㓙ㇱ᫟ౝ㧕ߢ㈩ઃߐࠇࠆ‫ޟ‬,69ࠦ࡯ࠬฃ⻠⺞ᦠ‫ߦޠ‬᝼ᬺᜂᒰᢎຬ߆ࠄߩฃ⻠⸵นߩ⟑ฬ㧔᛼ශ㧕ࠍฃߌߚᓟ㧘ߎߩ⺞ᦠࠍ⇐ቇ↢⺖߳ឭ಴ߒߡߊߛߐ޿‫ޕ‬‫߅ߥޓ‬㧘,69ࠦ࡯ࠬฃ⻠⺞ᦠ෸߮ᤨ㑆ഀ࡮ࠪ࡜ࡃࠬ⹦⚦ߪ㧘JVVRYYYKUEM[WUJWWCELRLVYEQWTUGUEQWTUGUJVO ߦߡ࠳࠙ࡦࡠ࡯࠼ߢ
߈߹ߔ‫ޕ‬‫ߚ߹ޓ‬㧘ᄖ࿖ੱ⍴ᦼ⇐ቇࠦ࡯ࠬ㧔ㅢ⒓㧦,69㧕ߣߪ㧘ਥߦᧄቇߣ⻉ᄖ࿖ߩᄢቇ㑆ߩቇ↢੤ᵹදቯߦၮߠߊ੤឵⇐ቇ↢ࠍฃߌ౉ࠇߡ޿ࠆඨᐕ߹
ߚߪ㧝ᐕ㑆ߩࠦ࡯ࠬߢߔ‫ޕ‬Φ㧚㜞ᐕᰴጁୃኻ⽎⑼⋡᝼ᬺౝኈᲨ᭗࠰ഏ૙᫱ᅹႸ
᳛Შᛢ᫆ᅹႸ ᲢᲬҥˮᲣᲢ࠯঺ᲫᲱ࠰ࡇˌЭλ‫ܖ‬ᎍᲴ̾К૙᫱ᅹႸƷᛠஆᅹႸᲣ
㧞㧝਎♿ߩੱ㘃߇⋥㕙ߔࠆ⃻ઍ␠ળ߇ᛴ߃ࠆ⻉⺖㗴ߦߟ޿ߡ㧘ߎߩಽ㊁ߩᦨ೨✢ߢᵴべߔࠆ⻠Ꮷ߆ࠄኾ㐷⊛߆ߟᄙ᭽ߥ
ⷞὐߦၮߠߊ໧㗴ឭ⿠ࠍฃߌ߹ߔ‫ߡߞࠃߦࠇߎޕ‬໧㗴ὐࠍᱜߒߊᛠីߒߘߩ⸃᳿ߦߟ޿ߡ⼏⺰ߔࠆߎߣࠍਥ⋡⊛ߣߒ㧘⺖㗴ߩ✚ว⊛ߥ⹺⼂ߣℂ⸃ࠍᷓ߼߹ߔ‫ޕ‬Ƃ ᅹႸƷᛠஆᲢ࠯঺ᲫᲱ࠰ࡇˌЭλ‫ܖ‬ᎍ‫ݣ‬ᝋᲣƃ୘೎ᢎ㙃⑼⋡ߪ㧘⺖㗴⑼⋡ࠍୃᓧߔࠆߎߣߦࠃࠅ⺒ߺᦧ߃ࠄࠇ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬㧞㧤㗁એ㒠㧔Χ㧚⑼⋡ߩ⺒ᦧߦߟ޿ߡ㧕ࠍෳᾖߩ߁߃
ጁୃߒߡߊߛߐ޿‫ޕ‬ߥ߅㧘ਥ㗴⑼⋡ߩ೽㗴߇⑼⋡ฬߣߒߡᚑ❣ߦ⸥タߐࠇ߹ߔ‫ߒߛߚޕ‬㧘ᣢߦୃᓧߒߚ୘೎ᢎ㙃⑼⋡ߣห৻ฬ⒓ߩ೽㗴ߩ⑼⋡ߪጁୃߔࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈߹ߖࠎߩߢ㧘ᵈᗧߒߡߊߛߐ޿‫ޕ‬ũҮƸǪȸǬȊǤǶȸ

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'7⺰ၮ␆̆೙ᐲ ጤ ↰ ஜ ᴦ'7 ᰷Ꮊㅪว ߪ㧘ᐕߩ'%5%⸳┙᧦⚂⺞ශએ㒠ᐕߩᱧ ೨ᦼ㧔Ἣ㧝㧕 ᢥ࡮ℂ ᧄ⻠⟵ߪ㧘'7+,ߩ
㧟ᐕએ਄ ቇㇱ'7࠺ࠖࡊࡠࡑ
ߣ⚻ᷣ౎⼱߹ߜሶ ผߩਛߢ㧘ၞౝᏒ႐߿න৻ㅢ⽻ࠍታ⃻ߒ㧘᭴ᚑ࿖ᢙ߽ᒰೋߩ ▫ፒ࿾඙ࠞ࿖߆ࠄࠞ࿖ߦߥࠆߥߤ㧘޿߹߿਎⇇ߩਛߢ㓙┙ߞߚሽࠦ࡯ࠬߩ౉㐷⑼⋡࿷ߣߥߞߡ޿ࠆ‫ߪߢ⟵⻠ߩߎޕ‬㧘'7ߩၮᧄ⊛ߥߎߣ߇ࠄߦߟᔅୃ ߩਛߢ߽໑
޿ߡ㧘᡽ᴦቇ࡮⚻ᷣቇߩⷞὐ߆ࠄ✚ว⊛ߦቇ߱‫ޕ‬೙ᐲ✬ߢ ৻ߩ▫ፒࠠࡖࡦࡄࠬ㐿⻠⑼⋡ߢߔ‫ޕ‬หࠦߪ㧘'7ㅴዷߩᱧผ㧘⚵❱ߣ೙ᐲߩዷ㐿㧘ട⋖࿖ߣߩ㑐ଥ㧘ਥ ࡯ࠬߦ⊓㍳ߒߡ޿ࠆቇ↢ߪⓍᭂ⊛ߦฃ⻠ⷐߥ᡽╷ಽ㊁ߥߤࠍ㧘߹ߚ⚻ᷣ✬ߢߪ㧘'7⚻ᷣ⛔วߩዷ㐿߿ ߒߡߊߛߐ޿‫ޕ‬'7⚻ᷣߩ⃻⁁ߥߤࠍ㧘ߘࠇߙࠇቇ߱‫ࠍ⟵⻠ޕ‬ㅢߓߡฃ⻠↢ ࠹ࠠࠬ࠻ߪ↪޿ߕ㧘㈩Ꮣ⾗ᢱߦၮߠ߈ㅴ
ߪ㧘'7ߦ㑐ߔࠆၮ␆⊛ߥ⍮⼂ࠍ᏷ᐢߊ⠌ᓧߔࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈ࠃ ߼ࠆ‫ޕ‬ෳ⠨࿑ᦠߦߟ޿ߡߪ㧘⻠⟵ߩㅴⴕ߁‫ߚߒ߁ߎޕ‬⍮⼂ߪ㧘ࠕࠫࠕߩ⛔วࠍ⠨߃ࠆ㓙ߦ߽ᓎ┙ߟߎ ߦᴪߞߡឭ␜ߔࠆ‫ోޕ‬૕ࠍㅢߒߚෳ⠨࿑ߣߦߥࠈ߁‫ޕ‬ᦠ㧦5WUCP 5GPKQT 0GNNQ   6JG'WTQRGCP 7PKQP 'EQPQOKEU2QNKEKGUCPF *KUVQT[ PF GF. /E)TCY *KNN᫆ᅹࠣࡠ࡯ࡃ࡞ൻߣ ٧ ᷓ Ꮉ ඳ ผ ࠣࡠ࡯ࡃ࡝࠯࡯࡚ࠪࡦਅߩ᧲ࠕࠫࠕߦߟ޿ߡ㧘਻Ꮊߦㄭ޿ ᓟᦼ㧔Ἣ㧝㧕 ᢥ࡮ℂ ࠹ࠠࠬ࠻㧦ᧂቯࠕࠫࠕ⚻ᷣᷡ ᳓ ৻ ผ 㖧࿖ࠍਛᔃߦ㧘ࠕ࠮ࠕࡦ෸߮ਛ࿖ߩ⚻ᷣኻᔕࠍ᭎⺑ߔࠆ‫ޕ‬࿾ ▫ፒ࿾඙㧟ᐕએ਄ၳ ੗ િ ᶈ ၞߏߣߦ⚻ᷣ࠻ࡇ࠶ࠢࠍߣࠅ޽ߍߡ㧘㧟࿾ၞߩ⚻ᷣኻᔕߩ․ᓽࠍ␜ߔ‫߫߃଀ޕ‬㧘㖧࿖ߩㄘ↥‛Ꮢ႐㐿᡼㧘ਛ࿖ߩࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ
࡯㔛ⷐ߳ߩኻᔕ㧘ࠕ࠮ࠕࡦߩၞౝ⚻ᷣදജߥߤ‫ޕ‬ᜂᒰᢎຬ㧟ฬߪߘࠇߙࠇ㧘㖧࿖㧘ࠕ࠮ࠕࡦ㧘ਛ࿖⚻ᷣߦ♖ㅢߒߚ࿾ၞಽᨆߩࠬࡍࠪࡖ࡝ࠬ࠻ߢ޽ࠅ㧘࿾ၞ⚻ᷣߩ໧㗴ὐ߿⊒ዷߩᣇะᕈࠍᛠីߒߡ޿ࠆ‫⚻ࠕࠫࠕ᧲ޕ‬ᷣߦߟ޿ߡ㧘ࠣࡠ࡯ࡃ࡝࠯࡯࡚ࠪࡦߣ޿߁ᄢᨒߩⷞὐࠍ␜ߒߟߟ㧘ฦ࿾ၞߩ␠ળ⚻ᷣ੐ᖱ߹ߢࠍ኿⒟ߦ౉ࠇߚ⻠⟵ࠍ੍ቯߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬Ⴘíࠕࡦ࠻࡟ࡊ࡟࠽
࡯ࠪ࠶ࡊ࡮ࡈࠔ
ࠗ࠽ࡦࠬᧂቯᱧผ਄㧘ᣂߒ޿ࠕࠗ࠺ࠕ߿⵾ຠߢ਎⇇ࠍᄌ߃ߚ㕖ಠߥ⿠ᬺ 㐿⻠ቇᦼᢥ࡮ℂ ‫ޣ‬34'%ឭଏ⑼⋡‫ޤ‬ኅߩ੐଀ߪ㧘ᨎ᜼ߦᥜ߇ߥ޿‫ߒ߆ߒޕ‬㧘⿠ᬺኅߩࠕࠗ࠺ࠕࠍ ᧂቯ㧟ᐕએ਄ ࠹ࠠࠬ࠻㧦࡝࠴ࡖ⃻ታߩ߽ߩߣߔࠆߦߪ⾗㊄߇ᔅⷐߢ޽ࠆ‫⾗ޕ‬㊄⺞㆐ߩߚ߼ߦ 㓸ਛ⻠⟵࡯࠼࡮ L࡮ࠬࡒࠬ ,ߪԘⅣႺߣߒߡߩ㊄ⲢᏒ႐߿⸽೛Ꮢ႐ߩ઀⚵ߺേะ㧘ԙ⾗㊄ ▫ፒ࿾඙ࠫࡖࡀ࠶࠻࡮ K࡮ߩ಴ߒᚻߢ޽ࠆᛩ⾗㌁ⴕ߿ࡌࡦ࠴ࡖ࡯࡮ࠠࡖࡇ࠲࡞ߩᛩ⾗ⴕࠬࡒࠬ‫࡟࠻ࡦࠕޡ‬േ㧘Ԛ⿠ᬺኅߩ⾗㊄⺞㆐ᣇᴺߣᛩ⾗࿁෼ᣇᴺߩ㑐ଥ╬ࠍቇ߱ࡊ࡟࠽࡯࡮ࡈࠔࠗ
ᔅⷐ߇޽ࠆ‫ߪߢ⟵⻠ᧄޕ‬ၮ␆⊛⍮⼂ߩቇ⠌ߦട߃㧘ࠤ࡯ࠬࠬ ࠽ࡦࠬ㨪ࡌࡦ࠴ࡖ࡯ડᬺߩଔ୯⹏ଔߣ࠺
࠲࠺ࠖ࡯߿ࡢ࡯࡚ࠢࠪ࠶ࡊࠍㅢߓߡᔕ↪߆ࠄታ〣࡟ࡌ࡞ߩࠬ ࠖ ࡯ ࡞ ࡮ ࠬ ࠻ ࡜ ࠢ ࠴ ࡖ ࡯ ‫ ޢ‬㧔 ਛ ᄩ ⚻ ᷣࠠ࡞ߩ⠌ᓧࠍ⋡ᜰߔ‫ޕ‬␠㧕㧘ࡑࠗࠤ࡞࡮ J࡮ࠦ࡯ࡃ࡯‫ࡌࠗ࡜ࡊޡ‬࡯࠻࡮ࠛࠢࠗ࠹ࠖ㨪ଔ୯ഃㅧߩᛩ⾗ᚻ
ᴺ‫ޢ‬㧔᧲ᵗ⚻ᷣᣂႎ␠㧕ᛢ ᫆ ᅹ Ⴘ îળ␠ߣߪ૗߆㧘 ᷗ ↰ ศ ↵਻ᄢ↢ߩ㧥㧜㧑߇ડᬺߦዞ⡯ߔࠆߣ޿߁⃻ታࠍ〯߹߃ߡ㧘 ೨ᦼ㧔Ἣ㧝㧕 ᢥ࡮ℂ Ფ࿁ߩ⻠⟵ߩᓟߩ㧟ᐕએ਄ ⾰⇼ᔕ╵߳ߩⓍᭂ
⿠ᬺߔࠆߣߪ૗ઁ ળ␠߿ࡆࠫࡀࠬߩᧄ⾰ߦߟ޿ߡ᭎ⷰߔࠆߎߣࠍ⋡⊛ߣߔࠆ‫▫ ޕ‬ፒ࿾඙߆ࠍቇ߷߁㆙㓒᝼ᬺࠍ↪޿ߡ㧘ᣣᧄ߅ࠃ߮ࠪ࡝ࠦࡦࡃ࡟࡯ࠃࠅᄙ᭽ߥ⻠ દㇺ࿾඙⊛ߥෳടࠍᦸ߻‫ޕ‬Ꮷ㒯߇㧘ળ␠ߩᒻᘒߩ᭎⺑㧘ᣂ੐ᬺ㐿⊒㧘⎇ⓥ㐿⊒㧘↢↥㧘 ᄢᯅ࿾඙࠹ࠠࠬ࠻㧦ฦ⻠⟵ࡑ࡯ࠤ࠶࠹ࠖࡦࠣ㧘⽼ᄁߣ޿߁❑♻ߘࠇࠍᡰ߃ࠆੱ੐㧘⚻ ╳⚡࿾඙ߩߥ߆ߢෳ⠨࿑ᦠℂ㧘⽷ോ㧘✚ോߥߤߩᮮ♻㧘ߘߒߡߘࠇࠍ⛔᜝ߔࠆࡑࡀ࡯ࠫ
ࠍ⚫੺ߔࠆߎߣ߇
ࡔࡦ࠻ߩฦ┙႐߆ࠄળ␠ߣߪ૗߆ߩ⚻㛎߽ട߃ߡ⺰ߓߡ޿ߚ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ߛߊ‫⿠ߚ߹ޕ‬ᬺߔࠆߣߪߤ߁޿߁ߎߣ߆㧘ࡌࡦ࠴ࡖ࡯ࠠࡖࡇ
࠲࡞ߩᓎഀ㧘⿠ᬺ⚻㛎⠪ߦࠃࠆ⧰ഭߣᭉߒߐߥߤߩ⹤ࠍߒߡ
޿ߚߛߊ‫ޕ‬ੱ㑆ജ㧘࿖㓙 ᷗ ↰ ศ ↵⿠ᬺኅ♖␹ߦ޽߰ࠇࠆࠞ࡞ࡈࠜ࡞࠾ࠕ࡮ࠪ࡝ࠦࡦࡃ࡟࡯ߦ ᓟᦼ㧔Ἣ㧝㧕 ᢥ࡮ℂ Ფ࿁ߩ⻠⟵ߩᓟߩ㧟ᐕએ਄ ⾰⇼ᔕ╵߳ߩⓍᭂജ㧘⥄┙♖␹ࠍઁ ޽ࠆ਻ᄢࠞ࡞ࡈࠜ࡞࠾ࠕࠝࡈࠖࠬ߆ࠄߩ㆙㓒᝼ᬺߢ࿁ߦࠊ ▫ፒ࿾඙ߟߌࠃ߁ߚߞߡ㧘ੱ㑆ᕈ㧘࿖㓙ᕈ㧘⥄┙ᕈߩᒝൻߩ㊀ⷐᕈߦߟ߈⻠⟵ દㇺ࿾඙⊛ߥෳടࠍᦸ߻‫ޕ‬ߔࠆ‫ߪߢ⟵⻠ߩߎޕ‬ᣣᧄ߿ࠪ࡝ࠦࡦࡃ࡟࡯ߢᵴべߒߡ޿ࠆࡆ ᄢᯅ࿾඙࠹ࠠࠬ࠻㧦ฦ⻠⟵ࠫࡀࠬࡑࡦ㧘ቇ⠪㧘⎇ⓥ⠪㧘࿾ၞ࡝࡯࠳࡯ߥߤߩฦ⻠Ꮷߩ⚻ ╳⚡࿾඙ߩߥ߆ߢෳ⠨࿑ᦠ㛎ࠍ〯߹߃ߡ㧘ߘߩᚑഞߦ⥋ߞߚ⥄Ꮖታ⃻ߩࡊࡠ࠮ࠬ߿዁᧪
ࠍ⚫੺ߔࠆߎߣ߇
ࡆ࡚ࠫࡦߦߟ߈߅⹤ߒ޿ߚߛߊ‫࡯࠳࡯࡝ߩ࡯࡟ࡃࡦࠦ࡝ࠪޕ‬޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ߚߜ߇૗ࠍ⠨߃ߡ޿ࠆ߆㧘ᣣᧄߩᄖߢߪ૗߇ߤ߁േ޿ߡ޿ࠆ
ߩ߆㧘ቇ↢ߢ޽ࠆ੹૗ࠍߒߡ߅߆ߨ߫ߥࠄߥ޿߆㧘ߥߤߦߟ߈⠨߃ࠆߎߣࠍ⁓޿ߣߔࠆ‫ޕ‬  Φ㧚㜞ᐕᰴጁୃኻ⽎⑼⋡᝼ᬺౝኈ
⺖㗴⑼⋡㧔୘೎ᢎ㙃⑼⋡ߩ⺒ᦧ⑼⋡㧕

᝼ᬺ⑼⋡ฬ

ᜂᒰᢎຬ

᝼

ᬺ

ౝ

೽㗴

᫆ ᅹ Ⴘ î⎇ⓥߣᛛⴚߩࡑ ⼱ Ꮉ
ࡀࠫࡔࡦ࠻

ኈ

㐿⻠ቇᦼ
㧔ᦐᣣᤨ㒢㧕
࿾඙ᔀ޿ࠊࠁࠆᛛⴚࡑࡀࠫࡔࡦ࠻㧔/16㧕ߩ✚ว⊛߆ߟၮ␆⊛⻠ ᓟᦼ㓸ਛઁ ⟵ߢߔ‫⎇ޕ‬ⓥ߿ᛛⴚߪߘࠇ⥄૕ߢߪଔ୯߇޽ࠅ߹ߖࠎ‫ౕޕ‬૕ ▫ፒ࿾඙⊛ߥ⵾ຠ߿ࠨ࡯ࡆࠬߣߥࠅ␠ળߢ↢߆ߐࠇߡೋ߼ߡᗧ๧ࠍᜬ દㇺ࿾඙ߜ߹ߔ‫ߩ࠻࠶ࡀ࡯࠲ࡦࠗޕ‬᥉෸ߦࠃࠆ਎⇇ߩᄢ߈ߥⅣႺᄌൻ ᄢᯅ࿾඙߿㧘␠ળߩ࠾࡯࠭ߩᄙ᭽ൻߥߤࠍ〯߹߃㧘᭽‫ⷺߥޘ‬ᐲ߆ࠄ⎇ⓥ߿ᛛⴚߩ޽ࠅᣇ㧘ᵴ↪ߩ઀ᣇ㧘ߘߒߡ⎇ⓥ⠪ߩ↢߈ᣇߥߤࠍᬌ⸛ߒ㧘ᄢቇߢቇ߱ߎߣߩᗧ⟵߿዁᧪ߩㅴ〝ࠍ⠨߃ࠆࡅࡦ࠻ࠍឭଏߒ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ታᬺ⇇╬ฦ⇇ߢᵴべߔࠆⶄᢙߩ⻠Ꮷ߇Ფ࿁ኾ㐷ಽ㊁ߦߟ޿ߡ⻠⟵ߒ㧘ฃ⻠↢ߣᗧ⷗੤឵ߒߡ෺ᣇะߩࠢ
࡜ࠬㆇ༡ࠍⴕ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ኻ⽎ቇᐕᢥ࡮ℂ ‫ޣ‬34'%ឭଏ⑼⋡‫ޤ‬㧟ᐕએ਄ ⻠Ꮷ߿ጁୃ⠪⋧੕ߣ෺ᣇะߩ࠺ࠖࠬ
ࠞ࠶࡚ࠪࡦࠍⴕ޿
߹ߔ‫ޕ‬Ⓧᭂ⊛ߥ⊒⸒ࠍᦼᓙߒߡ޿߹
ߔ‫ޕ‬࠹ࠠࠬ࠻㧦ฦ࿁ߩ
⻠Ꮷ߇ࠪ࡜ࡃࠬ╬ߦߡ⚫੺ߒ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ਛ㉿౏຦ᛛⴚ߇৻⥸␠ળ㧘․ߦ౏ⴐ෸߮⥄ὼߦ෸߷ߔᓇ㗀࡮ലᨐߦ ೨ᦼ㧔Ἣ㧝㧕 ᢥ࡮ℂ㑐ߔࠆℂ⸃ജ߿⽿છߥߤ㧘ᛛⴚ⠪ߣߒߡ␠ળߦኻߔࠆ⽿છࠍ દㇺ࿾඙㧟ᐕએ਄⥄ⷡߔࠆ⢻ജࠍቇ⠌ߐߖ㧘࿖㓙⊛ߦㅢ↪ߔࠆ⾗⾰ࠍりߦߟߌࠆߎߣࠍ⋡⊛ߣߔࠆ‫ߡߞ߇ߚߒޕ‬㧘ౕ૕⊛ߦ᝼ᬺߪ㧘ᛛⴚ⠪
ߩ୶ℂ߇໧㗴ߦߐࠇࠆ੐଀ࠍᄙߊ᜼ߍ㧘⻠Ꮷߩታ␠ળ㧘․ߦ
⥶ⓨ⇇ߦ߅ߌࠆ⚻㛎ࠍ߽ߣߦ⺑᣿ࠍട߃ߥ߇ࠄ⻠⟵ࠍㅴ߼ࠆ‫ޕ‬ౝኈ⊛ߦߪ⥶ⓨቝቮ㑐ଥࠍਥߣߔࠆ߇㧘ߘߩઁߩಽ㊁ߢෳ⠨ߣߥࠆᛛⴚ⠪୶ℂ㧘ડᬺ୶ℂߦߟ޿ߡ߽ቇ⠌ߐߖࠆ‫ޕ‬

Ꮏቇߣ୶ℂ

㥲⮮ੌᢥ

Ꮏቇಽ㊁ߦ߅޿ߡ߽ߩߠߊࠅࠍ߅ߎߥ߁ߚ߼ߩࠛࡦࠫ࠾ࠕ ᓟᦼ㓸ਛߩ୶ℂ⊛⽿છߦߟ޿ߡ㧘੐଀ߦၮߠ޿ߡ⼏⺰ߔࠆ‫ޕ‬
દㇺ࿾඙

᫆

Ꮏቇߣ୶ℂ

ᅹ
Ⴘ

ࡆࠫࡀࠬߦ߅ߌ 㜞 ↰ࠆ┹੎ఝ૏ᕈ

ੳ஻⠨㧔࠹ࠠࠬ࠻㧕

ᢥ࡮ℂ㧟ᐕએ਄ડᬺ߇㜞޿࡟ࡌ࡞ߩᬺ❣ࠍ቟ቯ⊛࡮⛮⛯⊛ߦ਄ߍࠆߚ߼ߦ 㐿⻠ቇᦼᢥ࡮ℂ ‫ޣ‬34'%ឭଏ⑼⋡‫ޤ‬㧟ᐕએ਄ ‫࠽࡟ࡊ࡟࠻ࡦࠕޟ‬ߪ㧘ઁ␠ߦߪ⌀ૃߩ಴᧪ߥ޿⥄␠ߥࠄߢߪߩଔ୯ࠍឭଏߔࠆ 㐿⻠࿾඙ߚ߼ߩਛᩭ⊛ߥ⢻ജ㧘ߔߥࠊߜࠦࠕ࡮ࠦࡦࡇ࠲ࡦࠬࠍᒻᚑ ᧂቯ࡯ࠪ࠶ࡊ౉㐷‫ޠ‬ߒ㧘┹੎ఝ૏ᕈࠍ⏕଻ߒߥߌࠇ߫ߥࠄߥ޿‫ߩߘޕ‬⢻ജߪ㧘ࡉ‫࠽࡟ࡊ࡟࠻ࡦࠕޟ‬࡜ࡦ࠼߿ࠦࠕᛛⴚ㧘↢↥ᣇᑼ㧘⍮⊛⽷↥㧘ⴕേ᭽ᑼߥߤᄙ㕙࡯ࠪ࠶ࡊ࡮ࡑࡀࠫ
⊛ߢ޽ࠆ‫ߪ⟵⻠ᧄޕ‬㧘ࡆࠫࡀࠬߦ߅ߌࠆ┹੎ఝ૏ᕈߩᒻᚑ߿ ࡔࡦ࠻Σ㧛Τ‫ࠤ࡯ࡑ࡮࡯ࠫࡠࡁࠢ࠹ޟޠ‬ࡑࡀࠫࡔࡦ࠻ᚻᴺߦ߆ࠎߒ㧘ℂ⺰ߣታ଀ࠍ੤߃ߡቇ߱‫ޕ‬࠹ࠖࡦࠣΣ‫ࠍޠ‬ጁୃߒߡ߅ߊߎߣ߇ᦸ߹
ߒ޿‫ޕ‬࠹ࠠࠬ࠻㧦೎ㅜࠪ࡜ࡃࠬߦߡᜰ␜㧘߹ߚ㧘⻠⟵ᤨߦᔅⷐ⾗ᢱࠍ㈩Ꮣߔࠆ‫ޕ‬ᛢ᫆ᅹⅣႺ⺞๺ဳ␠ળ ٧ ᯅ Ὺ ஜ ৻ࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯߿‛⾰ࠍᄢ㊂ߦᶖ⾌ߔࠆߎߣߦࠃࠅ㜞ᐲᚑ㐳ࠍ ೨ᦼ㧔Ἣ㧝㧕 ᢥ࡮ℂߩ᭴▽᧻ ᳗ ା ඳ ㆀߍߡ߈ߚ⃻ઍ␠ળ߇㧘࿾⃿ⅣႺ଻ో߿ࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯⾗Ḯ໧㗴 દㇺ࿾඙㧟ᐕએ਄⚻ Ⴆ 㓶 ╷ ߢᦨᄢߩ㔍ዪߦ⋥㕙ߒߡ޿ࠆߎߣߪ⃻࿷ᐢߊ⹺⼂ߐࠇߡ޿㜞 ᯅ ⦟ ᓆ ࠆ‫ޕ‬㧞㧝਎♿ߦ߅޿ߡ㧘࿾⃿ⅣႺࠍ⎕უߔࠆߎߣήߊ⃻ઍ␠⼱ ᧄ Ả ળࠍ⛽ᜬߒߡⴕߊߚ߼ߩ⑼ቇᛛⴚ߿␠ળࠪࠬ࠹ࡓߪᅤ૗ߥࠆᵄ ᄙ ⡨ ߽ߩߢ޽ࠈ߁߆‫ߩࠄࠇߎߪߢ⟵⻠ᧄޕ‬໧㗴ߦߟ޿ߡߩ⃻⁁ᛠ㕍 ᧁ ବ ਯ ីߣ዁᧪ዷᦸߦߟ޿ߡ⸃⺑ߔࠆ‫✚ߪ⟵⻠ޕ‬วℂᎿቇ⎇ⓥ㒮ߩᵿ ᧄ ⾆ ৻ ᢎຬ߇ࠝࡓ࠾ࡃࠬᒻᑼߢⴕ߁‫ޕ‬
ਛፉ⑲♿
ඨ↰ᄥ㇢
↰ፉඳ჻
ศᱞ ೰
⮮↰సᒾ

Ⴘ

ᰴ਎ઍߩૐ὇⚛ ٧ ૒‫৻ᧁޘ‬ᚑ ࿾⃿ⅣႺ໧㗴߿ૐ὇⚛␠ળታ⃻߇㧘਎⇇ᦨ㊀ⷐߩ౒ㅢ⺖㗴 ᓟᦼ㧔Ἣ㧝㧕 ᢥ࡮ℂ ࠹ࠠࠬ࠻㧦․ߦߥ
㧟ᐕએ਄ ߒ㧔ࡊ࡝ࡦ࠻㈩Ꮣࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯દ ⮮ ⴧ ᐔ ߣߥߞߡ޿ࠆ‫ ޕ‬21 ਎♿ߦ߅޿ߡߪ㧘ᣢሽߩᄢⷙᮨ⊒㔚ߩ㜞 દㇺ࿾඙㜞 ፒ ⻠ ੑ ല₸ൻߣਗࠎߢ㧘ಽᢔဳ㧘ࠝࡦࠨࠗ࠻ဳ㧘៤Ꮺဳ㧘⥄ὼࠛࡀߢኻᔕ㧕⚻ Ⴆ 㓶 ╷ ࡞ࠡ࡯೑↪ߥߤߩ࿾⃿ⅣႺㆡᔕဳߩ㕟ᣂ⊛ߥૐ὇⚛ࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ⼱ ᧄ Ả ࡯ᛛⴚߦࠃࠅ㧘㔚᳇ࠍ㜞ല₸ߦ↢ߺ಴ߒߚࠅᄌ឵ߒߚࠅ⋭ࠛ↰ ፉ ඳ ჻ ࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯ࠍน⢻ߦߔࠆߎߣ߇ਇนᰳߢ޽ࠆ‫ߪߢ⟵⻠ᧄޕ‬㧘ૐศ ᱞ ೰ ὇⚛ࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯ᛛⴚࠍℂ⸃ߔࠆߚ߼ߩၮ␆⑼ቇߣᦨవ┵ߩᰴᄢ Ἇ ୶ ථ ਎ઍᛛⴚ㐿⊒ߩ⃻⁁ࠍ㧘ታ㓙ߦ⎇ⓥߦ៤ࠊߞߡ޿ࠆᢎቭ߇᭎ᯅ Ὺ ஜ ৻ ⺑ߒ㧘዁᧪ߩ␠ળ߳ߩࠗࡦࡄࠢ࠻ߦߟ޿ߡ⠨ኤߔࠆ‫ޕ‬
ᄢደ⵨ੑ
ὖ⼱ 㓉
ጟ↰㊀ੱ
శ᧪ⷐਃ

ᛢ
᫆
ᅹ

ᣣᧄߩࠣ࡜ࡦ࠼ ㇺ ↲ ᐽ ⥋ᐕߦࡃࡉ࡞⚻ᷣ߇፣უߒ㧘ߘߩᓟߩᄬࠊࠇߚᐕ߇੹ ೨ᦼ㧔Ἣ㧝ᢥ࡮ℂ Ᏹᣣ㗃߆ࠄᣣᧄ߿
㧟ᐕએ਄ ࿖㓙␠ળߦ㑐ߔࠆ࠺ࠩࠗࡦ߿ᐕߦߥߞߡߒ߹ߞߚ‫ߒ߆ߒޕ‬㧘ዋሶ㜞㦂ൻ߿ੱญᷫዋ␠ ᄢᯅ࿾඙ળ㧘Ꮒ㗵ߩ⽷᡽⿒ሼ㧘᡽ᴦߩᷙㅅ╬㧘ଐὼߣߒߡ໧㗴߇ጊⓍ໧㗴ᗧ⼂ࠍᜬߜ㧘ߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬਎⇇ߢ߽ᐕઍೋ㗡ߩ᧲⷏಄ᚢ፣უ㧘࠹ࡠߣ
ߘߩᩮᐩߦ޽ࠆේ
࿾ၞ⚗੎㧘࿾⃿᷷ᥦൻ㧘㘩ᢱ࡮᳓ਇ⿷㧘㊄Ⲣෂᯏ㧘⾏ᤃ⥄↱ ࿃ߣ㑐ଥᕈߦߟ޿ߡ⠨߃ᛮߊജࠍ㙃߁ߎൻ㧘ᣂ⥝࿖ߩบ㗡╬㧘ᚢᓟߩ␠ળ࡮⚻ᷣ᭴ㅧ߇ォ឵ᦼࠍㄫ߃ ߣ‫ߡߒߘޕ‬㧘ᣣᧄ߿࿖㓙␠ળߩ߃㧘⊛⏕ᣂߚߥࡄ࡜࠳ࠗࡓࠪࡈ࠻߇⿠ߎࠈ߁ߣߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ᧄޕ‬᝼ᬺߢ ߢ◲ẖߥ⸒⪲߿࿑╬ߢ⴫⃻ߢ߈ࠆജࠍ㙃ߪ㧘ߎࠇࠄߩ⺖㗴ࠍㅢߓߡᣣᧄߩㅴ߻ߴ߈㆏ߣ࿖㓙␠ળߦ߅ ߁ ߎ ߣ ‫ ࡮   ࡓ ࡜ ࡯ ࠜ ࡈ ޕ‬᪢ ਅ ᧛ Ⴖ ᦼߌࠆᓎഀ╬ߦߟ޿ߡ᭽‫ⷞߥޘ‬ὐߢ⺰⼏ߒ㧘ቇ↢߇ਥ૕⊛ߦᣣ ↢㧘‫ޠ࠼ࠗ࡜ࡊ࡮ࡦࡐ࠶࠾ޟޡ‬ᓳᵴ߳ߩᧄߩࠣ࡜ࡦ࠼࠺ࠩࠗࡦࠍ߹ߣ߼ߡ޿ߊ‫ޕ‬㆏‫ޢ‬㧘㧔ਣༀࡊ࡜ࡀ࠶࠻ᩣᑼળ␠㧕Ⴘñᣣᧄ࡮࠺ࠩࠗࡦ ٧ ᫪ ↰ ᣽ ༹ ␠ળ㧘వ┵㧘વ⛔㧘ᗵᕈߥߤࠍࠠ࡯ࡢ࡯࠼ߣߒߡ㧘ᣣᧄߩ ᓟᦼ㧔Ἣ㧝㧕 ᢥ࡮ℂ ቇㇱ࡮ቇ⑼߿ኾ㐷㧟ᐕએ਄ ಽ㊁ߦ㑐ଥߥߊฃ⍹ ᧛ ⋿ ৻ ࠺ࠩࠗࡦ㧘ᣣᧄߣ࠺ࠩࠗࡦࠍ⠨߃ߡ޿߈߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ᣣᧄᢥൻࠍߟ ᄢᯅ࿾඙⍹ ੗ ᣿ ߊߞߡ߈ߚ࠺ࠩࠗࡦ㧘ᣣᧄߩ␠ળߩߚ߼ߩ࠺ࠩࠗࡦ㧘ᣣᧄߩ⻠ߢ߈߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ᦥᚒㇱᤐ㚅 ᓧᗧಽ㊁ߣߒߡߩ⃻࿷ߩవ┵ᛛⴚߣ࠺ࠩࠗࡦ㧘ᣣᧄࠍᡰ߃ߡ
ᳰ↰⟤ᄹሶ ߈ߚવ⛔ᛛⴚ߿࿾႐↥ᬺߣ࠺ࠩࠗࡦ㧘ߘߒߡᣣᧄੱߩ㊀ⷐߥ↰ ᧛ ⦟ ৻ ᗵⷡߣߒߡߩᗵᕈ߆ࠄ↢߹ࠇࠆ࠺ࠩࠗࡦߥߤࠍ᏷ᐢߊᷓߊ⊝ᐔ ੗ ᐽ ਯ ߐࠎߣ৻✜ߦ㧘ᣣᧄߣ࠺ࠩࠗࡦࠍ⠨߃ߡ޿ߊ⻠⟵ߢߔ‫ࠩ࠺ޕ‬૒ ષ ⻞ ๋ ࠗࡦߩၮᧄࠍቇࠎߛቇ↢߿ᄢቇ㒮ㅴቇࠍ߼ߑߔቇ↢㧘ዞ⡯ߒየ ᣇ ⟵ ੱ ␠ળߦ಴ߡⴕߊ੍ቯߩቇ↢ߦะߌߡߩ㧘߹ߚ⇐ቇ↢ߩߚ߼ߩᢎ㙃ߣߒߡߩ࠺ࠩࠗࡦߩ⻠⟵ߢߔ‫ޕ‬  Ძ᳜Შɼ᫆ᅹႸ ᲢᲬҥˮᲣᲢ࠯঺ᲫᲱ࠰ࡇˌЭλ‫ܖ‬ᎍᲴ̾К૙᫱ᅹႸᲦऴ‫إ‬ϼྸᅹႸîƷᛠஆᅹႸᲣƂ ࠯঺ᲫᲱ࠰ࡇˌЭλ‫ܖ‬ᎍƷᅹႸƷᛠஆƴƭƍƯƃ
୘೎ᢎ㙃⑼⋡㧘ၮ␆⑼ቇ⑼⋡Τ㧘ᖱႎಣℂ⑼⋡Τߪ㧘ਥ㗴⑼⋡ࠍୃᓧߔࠆߎߣߦࠃࠅ⺒ߺᦧ߃ࠄࠇ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬㧞㧤㗁એ㒠㧔Χ㧚
⑼⋡ߩ⺒ᦧߦߟ޿ߡ㧕ࠍෳᾖߩ߁߃ጁୃߒߡߊߛߐ޿‫ޕ‬ߥ߅㧘ਥ㗴⑼⋡ߩ೽㗴߇⑼⋡ฬߣߒߡᚑ❣ߦ⸥タߐࠇ߹ߔ‫ߒߛߚޕ‬㧘ᣢߦୃᓧߒߚ୘೎ᢎ㙃⑼⋡㧘ᖱႎಣℂ⑼⋡Τߣห৻ฬ⒓ߩ೽㗴ߩ⑼⋡ߪጁୃߔࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈߹ߖࠎߩߢ㧘ᵈᗧߒߡߊߛߐ޿‫ޕ‬ᲢᲫᲣረ߃‫ע‬ғ᧏ᜒᅹႸƂ Э ஖ ƃ
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ᬺ

ౝ

ኈ

ᦐᣣᤨ㒢

ኻ⽎
ቇᐕ

஻
⠨
㧔࠹ࠠࠬ࠻㧕೽㗴૨ ኒɼ ᫆ ᅹ Ⴘ ðผᢱߢߺࠆᦺ㞲 ᫪ ᐔ 㓷 ᒾਛ਎␠ળ૨ ኒɼ ᫆ ᅹ Ⴘ ñࠣࡠ࡯ࡃ࡝࠯࡯ ٧┻ᾢዏᄦ࡚ࠪࡦߩਛߩࠕ Ⓑ⪲⛮㓶
ࠫࠕߩᢎ⢒
ဈర৻శ

ᱧผቇߢߪ㧘ㆊ෰ߩ੐ታ㧔9JCV㧕ߣ޿߁⚿ᨐߐ߃⍮ࠇ߫⦟޿ߩߢߪߥߊ㧘ㆊ෰ߩੱ߮ߣ߇ᱷߒߚᖱႎߩᢿ 㧔ผᢱ㧕߆ࠄㆊ෰ߩ੐ታࠍ޿߆ߦតࠅ޽ߡࠆ߆㧔*QY㧕㧘ߘߩᛛⴚ㧘ᕁ
⠨ᴺࠍ⏴ߊߎߣߦᦨᄢߩ⌒⋡߇޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ᚒ‫⃻ߪޘ‬ታ␠ળߩߥ߆
ߢㅢᏱߏߊ㒢ࠄࠇߚᖱႎ߆ࠄ⁁ᴫࠍផᢿߒߡ޿ߊ߶߆ߥ޿ߩ
ߢ޽ࠆ߆ࠄ㧘ᱧผቇߪ߈ࠊ߼ߡታ〣⊛ߥቇ໧ߣ߽޿߃ࠆߛࠈ
߁‫ߩߎޕ‬᝼ᬺߢߪ㧘ᦺ㞲ਛ਎ผࠍ⚛᧚ߣߒߡ㧘ᢎ⑼ᦠ࡮᭎⺑ᦠߩ⸥ㅀ࠰࡯ࠬߢ޽ࠆ୘೎ౕ૕⊛ߥผᢱ㧔ߚߛߒṽᢥᦠ߈ਅߒᢥ߆⃻ઍᣣᧄ⺆⸶ᢥ㧕ࠍ⺒ߺ⸃ߊ૞ᬺࠍ⇼ૃ૕㛎ߒߡ߽ࠄ޿ߚ޿‫ޕ‬Ყセᢎ⢒ቇ㧘ᢎ⢒ੱ㘃ቇ╬ߩⷞὐ߆ࠄ㧘㧟ฬߩᢎຬߦࠃࠆ
⻠⟵ࠍⴕ޿߹ߔ‫᧲ߣࠕࠫࠕ᧲ޕ‬ධࠕࠫࠕ࿾ၞࠍਛᔃߣߒߡ㧘ࠕࠫࠕ⻉࿖ߩᢎ⢒ࠍขࠅ਄ߍ㧘ㆊ෰㧘⃻ઍ㧘ᧂ᧪ߦࠊߚࠆᤨ㑆ゲ߆ࠄࠕࠫࠕߩᢎ⢒ߩℂ⸃ࠍᷓ߼㧘ߘߒߡ․ߦㄭᐕߩࠣࡠ
࡯ࡃ࡝࠯࡯࡚ࠪࡦ߇ㅴⴕߔࠆਛߢ㧘ᢎ⢒߇ߤߩࠃ߁ߥᄌኈࠍ
ㆀߍ㧘ߤߎߦะ߆߅߁ߣߒߡ޿ࠆ߆ࠍ⠨߃ߡ޿߈ߚ޿ߣᕁ޿
߹ߔ‫ޕ‬࠹ࠠࠬ࠻㧦ᱧผቇ⎇ⓥળ✬‫ޡ‬਎⇇ผผᢱ㧦᧲ࠕࠫࠕ࡮ౝ㒽ࠕࠫࠕ࡮᧲ධࠕࠫࠕΤ ਎♿‫ޢ‬㧔ጤᵄᦠᐫ㧘ᐕ㧕̪೑↪ߔࠆߩߪ৻ㇱߥߩߢࠦࡇ࡯ࠍ㈩Ꮣ
ߒ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬

Ἣ㧝಴Ꮸࠍขࠅ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ㆃೞߪ෩⑌ߢߔ‫ޕ‬࠹ࠠࠬ࠻ߪ޽ࠅ߹ߖ
ࠎ‫ޕ‬

Ἣ㧝

ᢥ࡮ℂ

㧟ᐕએ਄

࿖㓙␠ળߣ޿߁ 㖧‛⺆⋧ᾊ૨ ኒɼ ᫆ ᅹ Ⴘ ò૨ ኒɼ ᫆ ᅹ Ⴘ óᖱႎᛛⴚߣ⚻ᷣ ◉ 㦮 ᓆ ᒾ␠ળᧄ᝼ᬺߩ⋡ᮡߪ㧘‫ޟ‬࿖㓙␠ળ‫ޠ‬㧔KPVGTPCVKQPCN UQEKGV[㧕ߣ޿߁߽ߩ߇৻૕ߤߩࠃ߁ߥࡔࠞ࠾࠭ࡓߢേ޿ߡ޿ࠆߩ߆ࠍ
ℂ⸃ߔࠆߣหᤨߦ㧘ᚒ‫ੱޘ‬㘃㧔࿖㓙␠ળ㧕߇㧘᥉ㆉ⊛ߥଔ୯߿᥉ㆉ⊛ߥᴺ೙ᐲࠍ᦭ߔࠆ৻ߟߩࠣࡠ࡯ࡃ࡞␠ળ߳ㅴൻߔࠆ
ߎߣ߇น⢻ߥߩ߆ߤ߁߆ߣ޿߁໧㗴ߦߟ޿ߡ⌀೶ߦ⠨߃ࠆᯏળࠍਈ߃ࠆߎߣߦ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬᝼ᬺߩਥߥⷰὐߪ࿖㓙ᴺߣ࿖㓙᡽ᴦߢߪ޽ࠆ߽ߩߩ㧘࿖㓙␠ળߦ߅ߌࠆᴺⷙ▸㧘ࡄࡢ࡯㧔ᮭജ㧕㧘೙ᐲߣ޿߁஥㕙ߛߌߢߥߊ㧘ᢥൻ㧔ᢥ᣿㧕㧘વ⛔㧘౒ㅢଔ୯ߥߤ޽߹ࠅ⋡ߦ⷗߃ߥ޿ⷐ⚛ߩജ߿ᓇ㗀ജ߽ᒝ⺞ߐࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬᝼ᬺߩౝኈߪᄢ૕એਅߩౝኈ߆ࠄ᭴ᚑߐࠇࠆ‫ߦ৻╙ޕ‬㧘‫ޟ‬࿖㓙␠ળ‫߇ߩ߽߁޿ߣޠ‬㧘޿ߟ⺀↢ߒ㧘޿߆ߦ⊒ዷߒߡ߈ߚߩ߆ࠍ⹦ߒߊ⺞ߴߡߺࠆ‫╙ޕ‬ੑߦ㧘࿖ㅪࠍਛᔃߣߔࠆ࿖㓙⚵❱ߩ᭽‫ߥޘ‬ᵴേ߿ࡔࠞ࠾࠭ࡓࠍ⚫੺ߔࠆ‫╙ޕ‬ਃߦ㧘㧥࡮㧝㧝หᤨᄙ⊒࠹࡯ࡠ੐ઙߥߤ࿖㓙␠ળߩዻᕈ෶ߪ․ᓽ߇ߺࠄࠇ
ࠆᐞߟ߆ߩ੐଀ࠍಽᨆߔࠆ‫ᦨߡߒߘޕ‬ᓟߦ㧘࿖㓙␠ળߦ㑐ߔࠆ⪺ฬߥቇ⠪㆐ߩℂ⺰߿ᄢ⺰੎ߥߤࠍ⚫੺ߔࠆ‫ޕ‬ࠗࡦ࠲࡯ࡀ࠶࠻߿ࡄ࠰ࠦࡦߥߤߩᖱႎᛛⴚߩ⊒㆐ߪ㧘⑳ߚߜߩ⚻ᷣ␠ળߦߤߩࠃ߁ߥᓇ㗀ࠍਈ߃ࠆߩߛࠈ߁߆‫ߚ߹ޕ‬㧘ߘࠇߪ㧘ߤ߁ߒߡߛࠈ߁߆‫ޕ‬ᄌൻߩỗߒ޿ࡆࠫࡀࠬ⇇ߩ⴫㕙⊛ߥ಴᧪੐ߛߌߦ⋡ࠍᅓࠊࠇࠆߣ㧘߼߹ߋࠆߒߐߦᖺࠊߐࠇ
ߡߒ߹߁߇㧘ߘߩᩮᐩߦᵹࠇࠆ⚻ᷣේℂߩᧄ⾰ࠍℂ⸃ߔࠇ߫㧘⋡ߩ೨ߩ⃻⽎ߦ⠡ᑲߐࠇࠆߎߣߥߊ㧘⚻ᷣ␠ળߩേ߈߇
ߺ߃ߡߊࠆ‫ߪߢ⟵⻠ߩߎޕ‬㧘‫ޟ‬ᖱႎ‫࡚ࠪ࡯ࠤ࠾ࡘࡒࠦޟ߿ޠ‬ࡦ‫⚻߇ޠ‬ᷣᵴേߢᨐߚߔᓎഀߣߘߩ㊀ⷐᕈࠍቇ߮ߥ߇ࠄ㧘ᖱႎᛛⴚߩㅴᱠߣᕆㅦߥ᥉෸߇ડᬺⴕേ߿⚻ᷣߦ෸߷ߔᓇ㗀ߩᧄ⾰ࠍតߞߡ޿ߊ‫ޕ‬  

‫ޟ‬࿖㓙␠ળ‫⥝ߏߦޠ‬๧ࠍ߅ᜬߜߩᣇ‫ޕ‬࠹ࠠࠬ࠻㧦ᧂቯἫ㧝Ἣ㧝⹜㛎ߪ㧘ᦨ⚳⻠⟵ᣣߦⴕ߁੍ቯߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬⚻ᷣቇࠍኾ㐷ߣߒߥ޿ੱᢥ㨯␠ળ♽߅ࠃ
߮ℂᎿ♽ߩቇ↢ะߌߩ᝼ᬺ‫ޕ‬
࠹ࠠࠬ࠻㧦◉㦮ᓆᒾ⪺‫ޡ‬ᣣ⚻ᢥᐶࡌ࡯ࠪ࠶ࠢ 㧵㨀⚻ᷣ౉㐷‫ ޢ‬౞ ⒢㧕
㧔ᣣᧄ⚻ᷣᣂ⡞␠㧕Φ㧚㜞ᐕᰴጁୃኻ⽎⑼⋡᝼ᬺౝኈਥ㗴⑼⋡㧔▫ፒ࿾඙㧦೨ᦼ㧕㧔୘೎ᢎ㙃⑼⋡㧘ᖱႎಣℂ⑼⋡Τߩ⺒ᦧ⑼⋡㧕

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ኈ

ᦐᣣᤨ㒢

ኻ⽎
ቇᐕ

஻
⠨
㧔࠹ࠠࠬ࠻㧕

ྸኒɼ᫆ᅹႸí ྸ ኒ ɼ ᫆ ᅹ Ⴘ ï೽㗴⚦⢩ߩⶄ⵾ߣ⊒ ٧ ૒ ᣇ ഞ ᐘ⚦⢩ߩⶄ⵾࡮ಽⵚߪ୘૕ߩ⛽ᜬߩߺߥࠄߕ㧘≸߿⠧ൻߦ߽↢࡮ಽൻ
㊁ ᧛ ৻ ਽ ኒធߦ㑐ଥߒߚ㊀ⷐߥ⃻⽎ߢ޽ࠆ‫ᧄޕ‬᝼ᬺߢߪ㧘⚦⢩ߩⶄ⵾࡮ಽⵚߦ㑐ߔࠆ⃻ઍ⊛࠹࡯ࡑࠍಽ߆ࠅ߿ߔߊ⸃⺑ߔࠆ‫ޕ‬೨ඨߢߪ৻⥸⊛ߥ⚦⢩ಽⵚ߿⊒↢ㅜ਄ߩ⚦⢩ಽⵚߦߟ޿ߡࠛ࠶࠮
ࡦࠬࠍ⻠⟵ߔࠆ‫ޕ‬ᓟඨߢߪ㧘K25⚦⢩㧘≸ㆮવሶ㧘♧㎮↢‛ቇߥߤߦߟ޿ߡ౉㐷⊛⸃⺑ࠍߔࠆ‫ޕ‬⥄ὼ⑼ቇ᭎⺰Ἣ㧝٧㡍↰᣽ਯ਎♿ߪ⑼ቇߩᤨઍߣ޿ࠊࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬ᒰ⹥⻠⟵ߢߪ㧘਎♿ߩᯅ ᧄ ᱜ ┨ ⑼ቇߩၮ␆ߣߘߩ⊒ዷࠍ‛ℂቇ⊛ߥ┙႐߆ࠄ᭎ⷰߔࠆ‫ߚ߹ޕ‬ᄢ ㊁ ᱜ ᄦ ਎♿ߦ߅ߌࠆ዁᧪⊛ߥዷᦸߦߟ޿ߡ߽⻠⟵ߔࠆ‫ޕ‬౎዆ᱜା⥝๧ࠍᜬߞߡฃ⻠ߒߡਅߐ޿‫ޕ‬ో૕ߢ౒ㅢߩ࠹ࠠࠬ
࠻ߪᜰቯߒ߹ߖࠎ‫ޕ‬ฦᜂᒰᢎຬ߇ᔅⷐߢ
޽ࠇ߫ᜰቯߒ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬

Ἣ㧝

ᢥ࡮ℂ
ᶏᵗቇ᭎⺰

ྸ ኒɼ ᫆ ᅹ Ⴘ ñ٧ᷡᎹ᣽৻࿾⃿⴫㕙ߩએ਄ߪᶏᵗߦࠃߞߡⷒࠊࠇߡ߅ࠅ㧘࿾⃿ߩᏒ Ꮉ 㚅 ⅣႺ࡮ᱧผࠍ⠨߃ࠆ਄ߢߘߩሽ࿷ߪ㊀ⷐߢ޽ࠆ‫ߒ߆ߒޕ‬ᄙߊ⿒ ᧁ ฝ ߩੱߦߣߞߡᶏᵗߪߘࠇ߶ߤりㄭߦߪߥ޿ߚ߼㧘ߥ߆ߥ߆ߘ㜞 ᯅ ቁ ਃ ߩߎߣࠍታᗵߔࠆߎߣ߇㔍ߒ޿‫ߩߎޕ‬࿾⃿⴫ጀߩᐢ޿▸࿐ࠍභ߼ࠆᶏᵗߪᶏᐩ߽฽߼ߡ㧘‛ℂ࡮ൻቇ࡮↢‛࡮࿾ቇߣ޿ߞ
ߚ᭽‫ߥޘ‬ᚻᴺࠍ↪޿ߡታ௝ߩ⸃᣿ࠍⴕ߁ߎߣ߇ߘߩℂ⸃ߩߚ߼ߦߪᔅⷐߢ޽ࠆ‫ߪߢ⟵⻠ᧄޕ‬㧘ታ㓙ߦᶏᵗߢߩ⎇ⓥࠍዷ㐿ߒߡ޿ࠆ㧠ฬߩᢎຬ߇ಽᜂߒ㧘࿾⃿ߩㆊ෰࡮⃻࿷࡮ᧂ᧪ߦ߅
ߌࠆᶏᵗ࡮ᶏᵗᐩߩ༡ߺߦߟ޿ߡ᭽‫ߥޘ‬ಾࠅญߢ⚫੺ߒ㧘⊝ߐࠎߣߣ߽ߦ⠨߃ߡ޿ߊ‫ޕ‬ᶏᵗ߿ᶏᵗᐩߦ⥝๧߇޽ࠅ㧘ᣂߒ޿࿾⃿ᗵࠍ㙃޿ߚ޿ฃ⻠↢ࠍߩߙ߻‫ߩࠇߙࠇߘޕ‬ᢎቭ߆ࠄߩ࡟ࡐ࡯࠻㧘᝼ᬺᓟඨߦ࠹ࠬ
࠻ࠍⴕ߁‫ޕ‬㧔࠹ࠬ࠻ߦߡ⹏ଔ߇᳿߹ࠆߩߢ㧘㓸ਛߒߡ᝼ᬺߦ
ᦸ߻ߎߣࠍᦼᓙߔࠆ‫ޕ‬㧕ྸ ኒɼ ᫆ ᅹ Ⴘ ô૕㛎ߢቇ߱ࠦࡒ ٧ ⑔ ⋓ ⧷ ᣿ㄭᐕ㧘ੱ㑆㑐ଥ࡮ࠦࡒࡘ࠾ࠤ࡯࡚ࠪࡦߩ໧㗴ߢᖠߺࠍᜬ
ࡘ࠾ࠤ࡯࡚ࠪࡦ ౉ ᳯ ᱜ ᵗ ߟੱ߇Ⴧ߃ߡ߈ߚߣ⸒ࠊࠇ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ᔃߩஜᐽߩਛᔃߪ㧘ੱ㑆㑐ߣᔃߩஜᐽଥ߿ࠦࡒࡘ࠾ࠤ࡯࡚ࠪࡦߩ޽ࠅᣇߦ㑐ࠊࠆ੐ᨩ߇ዋߥߊ޽ࠅ
߹ߖࠎ‫ߪ⟵⻠ߩߎޕ‬㧘ࡢ࡯࡚ࠢࠪ࠶ࡊᒻᑼ㧔ታᛛ࡮૕㛎ቇ⠌ᒻᑼ㧕ߢࠦࡒࡘ࠾ࠤ࡯࡚ࠪࡦ⺖㗴࡮ࠣ࡞࡯ࡊ⺖㗴ࠍታ㓙ߦ૕㛎ߒߥ߇ࠄ㧘ੱߣߩ㑐ࠊࠅᣇ㧘ࠦࡒࡘ࠾ࠤ࡯࡚ࠪࡦߩ޽ࠅᣇ
ࠍᡷ߼ߡ⠨߃ߡ޿ߊߩ߇⻠⟵ߩߨࠄ޿ߢߔ‫੹ޕ‬ᓟ㧘ዞ⡯ᵴേࠍⴕ߁ߦᒰߚߞߡ㧘߹ߚߪ␠ળੱ࡮ᄢቇ㒮↢ߣߥߞߡ޿ߊߣ
߈ߦߪ㧘ੱ㑆㑐ଥ࡮ࠦࡒࡘ࠾ࠤ࡯࡚ࠪࡦߩࠬࠠ࡞ߪ㊀ⷐߥ߽ߩߣߥࠆߎߣ߇੍ᗐߐࠇ߹ߔߩߢ㧘ߎߩᯏળߦ⥄ಽࠍ⷗ߟ߼
ߥ߅ߔᯏળߣߥࠆߎߣࠍ㗿ߞߡ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬  Ἣ㧝Ἣ㧝ෳ⠨࠹ࠠࠬ࠻㧦 ଻ဈ⋥♿㧘‫࡮߈⸃⻘ޡ‬㧟ᐕએ਄ ᶏᵗߣᄢ᳇ߩ‛ℂ‫ޢ‬᝼ᬺߩౝኈߢ಴ߡ
ߊࠆᶏߩ‛ℂ߇✂⟜ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆࡉ࡞࡯ࡃ࠶ࠢࠬ 㧘 ᣣᧄᶏᵗቇળ㧘‫ޡ‬ᶏߣ
ⅣႺ‫ࠗࠨ␠⺣⻠ ޢ‬ࠛࡦ࠹ࠖࡈࠖࠢ 㧘 ᐔᦺᒾ࡮ᓢ၂࡮ᧃ
ᑝẖ࡮ᧁਅ⡸‫ޡ‬࿾⃿ߩౝㇱߢߥߦ߇߅ߎ
ߞߡ޿ࠆ߆‫ ޢ‬ᶏᵗᐩ࡮࿾⃿ߩᱧผߦߟ
޿ߡߩᦨᣂߩᚲ⷗
శᢥ␠ᣂᦠ  ᄢᴡౝ⋥ᒾ‫ࡦࠫࡦࠚ࠴ޡ‬ࠣࡉ࡞࡯‫ ޢ‬ᶏᐩߦ⸥ᙘߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ࿾⃿ⅣႺߩᱧผ㧘᳇୥ᄌേߩ⸃߈ᣇࠍࠊ߆ࠅ
߿ߔߊ⸃⺑ߔࠆ‫⺒ޕ‬ߺ‛ߣߒߡߗ߭߅ߔ
ߔ߼‫␠⺣⻠ ޕ‬ታ⠌ࡢ࡯࡚ࠢࠪ࠶ࡊ
ဳ⻠⟵ߥߩߢ㧘ߺߥ
ߐࠎߩⓍᭂ⊛ߥෳടࠍᦸߺ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬೨ᦼߩߺߩ㐿⻠ߢߔ‫ޕ‬࠹ࠠࠬ࠻㧦⻠⟵ߩߪߓ߼ߦ⚫੺ߒ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬Φ㧚㜞ᐕᰴጁୃኻ⽎⑼⋡᝼ᬺౝኈਥ㗴⑼⋡㧔▫ፒ࿾඙㧦ᓟᦼ㧕㧔୘೎ᢎ㙃⑼⋡㧘ᖱႎಣℂ⑼⋡Τߩ⺒ᦧ⑼⋡㧕Ƃ ࢸ ஖ ƃ
᝼ᬺ⑼⋡ฬ

ᜂᒰᢎຬ

᝼

ᬺ

ౝ

ኈ

ᦐᣣᤨ㒢

ኻ⽎
ቇᐕ

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⠨
㧔࠹ࠠࠬ࠻㧕೽㗴૨ ኒɼ ᫆ ᅹ Ⴘ î

ᢥቇߣ⧓ⴚ

㜞㊁ᵏᔒ

਎♿ࠕࡔ࡝ࠞࠍઍ⴫ߔࠆ૞ኅ㧘ࠕ࡯ࡀࠬ࠻࡮ࡋࡒࡦࠣ࠙
ࠚࠗߩ⍴✬ዊ⺑ࠍᲤ࿁✬ߕߟขࠅ਄ߍ㧘⺰ߓࠆ‫ߦ⊛⾰ᧄޕ‬⍴✬૞ኅߢ޽ߞߚࡋࡒࡦࠣ࠙ࠚࠗߩ૞ຠࠍㅢߒߡ㧘╙৻ᰴ਎⇇ᄢᚢᓟߩᷙੂߩᤨઍ߇ߤߩࠃ߁ߦឬ߈಴ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ߆ࠍ⷗
ࠆߎߣߢ㧘ᤨઍߩଔ୯ⷰ߇ᄢ߈ߊᄌ⽩ߒߡ޿ߞߚ᭽ሶࠍ⼏⺰ߔࠆ‫ޕ‬ฦ⍴✬ߪ㨪ࡍ࡯ࠫ⒟ᐲߩ㕖Ᏹߦ⍴޿߽ߩߢ޽ࠅ㧘⧷ᢥߘߩ߽ߩ߽㔍ᤃᐲߪ㜞ߊߥ޿ߩߢ㧘Ფ࿁ᔅߕ㈩Ꮣߐࠇߚ
૞ຠࠍ⺒ࠎߢℂ⸃ߒߡߊࠆߎߣ߇ߩߙ߹ࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬᝼ᬺߢߪ૞ຠ
ࠍචಽ⺒ࠎߢ߈ߚߎߣࠍ೨ឭߦ㧘ෳട⠪ߢ࠺ࠖࠬࠞ࠶࡚ࠪࡦ
ࠍߔࠆ‫ޕ‬

૨ ኒɼ ᫆ ᅹ Ⴘ ñ␠ ળ ↢ ᵴ ߦ ߅ ٧⑔⇐⇐⟤ᧄ᝼ᬺߪ㧘਻Ꮊᄢቇቇ↢↢ᵴ࡮ୃቇ⋧⺣ቶߩᏱછ⋧⺣ຬ㧟ߌࠆኻੱ㑐ଥศ ⦟ ቟ ਯ ฬ㧔⑔⇐࡮ศ⦟࡮ጊਅ㧕߇࡝࡟࡯ᑼߢ⻠⟵ࠍᜂᒰߔࠆ‫ޕ‬ቇ↢ጊ ਅ ⷫ ሶ ߩ⊝ߐࠎߪ㧘ߎࠇ߆ࠄߩੱ↢ࠍ↢߈ߡ޿ߊਛߢ㧘ߐ߹ߑ߹ߥ
ኻੱ㑐ଥࠍ⚻㛎ߔࠆߎߣߦߥࠆ‫ߩߎޕ‬᝼ᬺߢߪ㧘↢ᶦߦࠊߚࠆ␠ળ↢ᵴ਄ߩੱ㑆㑐ଥ߿㧘ߘߎߢ↢ߓ߿ߔ޿ਇㆡᔕ㧘ᔃりߩਇ⺞ߦߟ޿ߡ⻠ㅀߔࠆ‫ߦ⟵⻠ߚ߹ޕ‬㑐ㅪߒߚ࠹࡯ࡑߢ⹤ߒ
ว߁ࠣ࡞࡯ࡊࡢ࡯ࠢࠍⴕ޿㧘ጁୃቇ↢㑆ߩ੤ᵹߩᯏળࠍ⸳ߌࠆ‫ޕ‬૨ ኒɼ ᫆ ᅹ Ⴘ ò⃻ઍਛ࿖᡽ᴦ⺰㈩Ꮣߐࠇߚ࠹ࠢࠬ࠻
ࠍ޽ࠄ߆ߓ߼♖⺒ߒߡߊࠆߎߣ‫ޕ‬᝼ᬺߢ
ߪⓍᭂ⊛ߦ⊒⸒ࠍߒ㧘࠺ࠖࠬࠞ࠶࡚ࠪ
ࡦߦ⽸₂ߔࠆߎߣ‫ޕ‬࠹ࠠࠬ࠻㧦ࡊ࡝ࡦ࠻㈩Ꮣ

Ἣ㧝ᚑ❣⹏ଔߦ޽ߚߞ
ߡ㧘಴Ꮸὐߩഀวࠍ
㜞ߊߒߡ޿ࠆߩߢ㧘㜞಴Ꮸ₸ࠍ⛽ᜬߢ߈ࠆቇ↢ߩጁୃࠍᦸ߻‫ޕ‬⾗ᢱ╬ߪ㧘᝼ᬺਛߦ
㓐ᤨ㈩Ꮣߔࠆ‫ޕ‬

Ἣ㧝

ᢥ࡮ℂ
᧘

ᒄ᧜

ߎߩ᝼ᬺߪ਎♿ߦ࿖㓙᡽ᴦߣ⚻ᷣߩਛᔃ࿖ኅߦߥࠆน⢻ᕈ߇ᄢ߈޿ਛ࿖ߩ࿖ౝ᡽ᴦߦߟ޿ߡ㓸ਛ⊛ߦᬌ⸛ߔࠆߎߣࠍ
ਥ⋡⊛ߦߔࠆ‫߼ߚߩߎޕ‬㧘߹ߕਛ⪇ੱ᳃౒๺࿖㧔2GQRNG̉U
4GRWDNKE QH %JKPC 24%㧕ߣ޿߁࿖ߩ⺀↢ㆊ⒟㧔ਛ࿖ߩ㕟๮
ㆊ⒟㧕ࠍ◲නߦᬌ⸛ߒߚᓟ㧘ਛ࿖ߩ᡽ᴦ૕೙߿᡽╷ᒻᚑࡔࠞ࠾࠭ࡓߥߤࠍᬌ⸛ߒߥ߇ࠄ㧘ਛ࿖ߩ⃻ઍ᡽ᴦߩ࠳ࠗ࠽ࡒ࠭ࡓ
ࠍℂ⸃ߔࠆߩߦᔅⷐߥ⍮⼂ࠍ㙃߁‫ߚ߹ޕ‬㧘ߎߩ᝼ᬺߪ਎♿
ߩਛ࿖ߩ᡽ᴦ૕೙ߩᄌኈน⢻ᕈߣ᧲ࠕࠫࠕ࿾ၞߦ߅ߌࠆਛ࿖
ߩᓎഀߦߟ޿ߡ߽ᬌ⸛ߒߡ㧘ਛ࿖ߣ޿߁࿖ߩᧂ᧪ࠍዷᦸߔࠆ
ᯏળࠍቇ↢ߚߜߦਈ߃ࠆ‫ޕ‬૨ኒɼ᫆ᅹႸóㄭઍ⚻ᷣቇߩ ችỈஜ੺ߎߩ᝼ᬺߢߪㄭઍ⚻ᷣቇߩၮᧄߣߥࠆࡒࠢࡠ⚻ᷣቇ࡮ࡑࠢ
ၮ␆ࡠ⚻ᷣቇࠍ⻠⟵ߔࠆ‫⚻ࡠࠢࡒޕ‬ᷣቇߣߪ㧘୘‫ߩޘ‬ᶖ⾌⠪߿ડᬺߩⴕേ㧘୘‫ߩޘ‬Ꮢ႐ߩ㔛ⷐߣଏ⛎ࠍಽᨆߔࠆቇ໧ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ࡑࠢࡠ⚻ᷣቇߣߪ㧘᥊᳇ߩേ߈࡮⚻ᷣ᡽╷࡮⚻ᷣᚑ㐳ߥߤߩ⚻ᷣో૕ߩᄢ߈ߥേ߈ࠍಽᨆߔࠆቇ໧ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ㄭઍ⚻ᷣቇߩਛᩭࠍᚑߔੑߟߩℂ⺰ࠍቇ߱ߎߣߢ㧘⚻ᷣቇ⊛ߥⷰὐࠍቇ߱
ߎߣࠍ⋡ᮡߣߔࠆ‫ߚ߹ޕ‬㧘ㄭઍ⚻ᷣቇߣߘߩઁߩಽ㊁ߣߩ㑐ଥ߽⠨ኤߔࠆ‫ޕ‬ྸ ኒɼ ᫆ ᅹ Ⴘ ðⅣႺ໧㗴ߣ⥄ὼ ٧ ศ ᧛ ๺ ਭᚒ‫ߩޘ‬๟ࠅࠍ⷗߹ࠊߒߡߺࠆߣ㧘ታߦᄙߊߩ‛⾰߇ሽ࿷ߒ⑼ቇ
቟ ਛ 㓷 ᒾ ߹ߔ‫ߪࠄࠇߘޕ‬㧘ᄤὼߩ߽ߩ߫߆ࠅߢߥߊ㧘ੱᎿ⊛ߦഃࠅ಴᪀ ㊁ ⦟ ৻ ߐࠇߚ߽ߩ߽ߚߊߐࠎ޽ࠅ߹ߔ‫ߪߤࠎߣ߶ߩࠄࠇߎޕ‬㧘ᚒ‫ޘ‬㈬ ੗ ஜ ߩ↢ᵴࠍ⼾߆ߦߔࠆߚ߼ߦᄢ߈ߊ⽸₂ߒ߹ߒߚ߇㧘ߘߩ෻ਅ ᧲ ᐽ ᐘ 㕙㧘ⅣႺ໧㗴ࠍᒁ߈⿠ߎߒߚ߽ߩ߿⿠ߎߒߟߟ޽ࠆ߽ߩ߽޽ᮮ ጊ ᜏ ผ ࠅ߹ߔ‫ߪߢߎߎޕ‬㧘⑼ቇߩ⊒ዷߦ઻ߞߡ↢ߓߚⅣႺ໧㗴ߦὶ⊖ ፉ ೣ ᐘ ὐࠍ޽ߡ㧘ⅣႺ໧㗴ߦኻߔࠆ⑼ቇ⊛ߥᝒ߃ᣇ㧘ߘߩቯ㊂⊛⸘᷹ᴺ㧘໧㗴⸃᳿ߦ߻ߌߚߐ߹ߑ߹ߥขࠅ⚵ߺࠍ⚫੺ߒ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬  

࠹ࠠࠬ࠻㧦Ძ㉿๺ሶ⪺‫⃻ޡ‬ઍਛ࿖᡽ᴦ㧙㧟ᐕએ਄ 㧙ਛ࿖ߪ߆ࠊߞߚߩ
߆‫ޢ‬㧔ฬฎደᄢቇ಴
ㇱ㧘㧕Ἣ㧝Ἣ㧝⚻ᷣቇߦ㑐ᔃߣ⥝๧ࠍᜬߜ㧘ቇ⠌ᗧ᰼ߩ޽ࠆ⠪߇ᦸ߹ߒ޿‫ޕ‬࠹ࠠࠬ࠻㧦દ⮮ర㊀⪺‫౉ޡ‬㐷⚻ᷣቇ ╙ ‫ ޢ‬ᣣᧄ⹏⺰␠⻠⟵ߏߣߦ⾗ᢱࠍ㈩Ꮣߔࠆ‫ޕ‬
Ἣ㧝Φ㧚㜞ᐕᰴጁୃኻ⽎⑼⋡᝼ᬺౝኈਥ㗴⑼⋡㧔▫ፒ࿾඙㧦ᓟᦼ㧛∛㒮࿾඙㧦೨ᦼ࡮ᓟᦼ㧕㧔୘೎ᢎ㙃⑼⋡㧘ᖱႎಣℂ⑼⋡Τߩ⺒ᦧ⑼⋡㧕

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ᦐᣣᤨ㒢

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ቇᐕ

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㧔࠹ࠠࠬ࠻㧕

ྸኒɼ᫆ᅹႸô

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ᔕ↪ஜᐽቇ

٧ਣጊ ᔀ
‫ޠࠆࠇ∋ߊߥߣࠎߥޟ‬㧘‫ࠆ߿ޟ‬᳇߇಴ߥ޿‫ߚߞ޿ߣޠ‬ቇ↢⋿ ፒ ⟵ ᙗ ߐࠎ߇Ⴧ߃ߡ޿߹ߔ‫ߩࠄࠇߎޕ‬ේ࿃ߪᄙ⒳ᄙ᭽ߢߔ߇㧘⌧⌁਄ ࿦ ᘮ ሶ ਇ⿷߿↢ᵴ࡝࠭ࡓߩੂࠇ㧘⺋ߞߚஜᐽⷰ㧘ஜᐽ߳ߩㆊାߥߤ
߆ࠄ↢ߓࠆ႐ว߽޽ࠅ߹ߔ‫ޟޕ‬ᔕ↪ஜᐽቇ‫ߪޠ‬りㄭߥஜᐽ໧
㗴߆ࠄ␠ળ⊛ߥஜᐽ໧㗴߹ߢ㧘Ფ࿁࠹࡯ࡑࠍ᳿߼ߡ⊝ߐࠎߢ⠨߃ߡ߽ࠄ߁ߚ߼ߩ᝼ᬺߢߔ‫ޕ‬᝼ᬺߪ෺ᣇะᕈࠍᗧ࿑ߒߡታ
⠌ᒻᑼ߿૕㛎ဳߩ࠹࡯ࡑ߽޽ࠅ߹ߔߩߢ಴Ꮸࠍ㊀ⷞߒ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬Ფ࿁ࠝࡓ࠾ࡃࠬᒻᑼߢ㧘ᦨㄭ⹤㗴ߣߥߞߡ޿ࠆஜᐽ߿ක≮ߦ㑐ߔࠆ໧㗴ὐࠍ⻠⟵ߢὂࠅ಴ߔߎߣࠍ⋡ᜰߒ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ஜᐽߦ㑐ߔࠆᗧ⼂ߩ㜞޿ቇ↢ߐࠎࠍ᱑ㄫ
ߒ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ᢥ࡮ℂ ࠹ࠠࠬ࠻㧦․ߦߥߒ
Ἣ㧝㧟ᐕએ਄ᲢᲬᲣ၏ᨈ‫ע‬ғ᧏ᜒᅹႸƂ Э ஖ ƃ
᝼ᬺ⑼⋡ฬ

ᜂᒰᢎຬ

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ᦐᣣᤨ㒢

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㧔࠹ࠠࠬ࠻㧕

ྸኒɼ᫆ᅹႸî

೽㗴

ක≮⛔⸘ቇ

ᄢ༑㓷ᢥ

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࡯࠲ߩ․ᓽ㊂ࠍ᳞߼ࠆ⸥ㅀ⛔⸘ߣᮡᧄ࠺࡯࠲߆ࠄᲣ㓸࿅ߩᕈ⾰ࠍ᳞߼ࠆផ᷹⛔⸘㧔ផቯ㧘ᬌቯ㧕ߦߟ޿ߡ⸃⺑ߔࠆ‫ޕ‬⒳‫ޘ‬ߩක≮࠺࡯࠲ࠍ↪޿ߚṶ⠌ߦࠃࠅታ〣ജࠍ㙃߁‫ޕ‬࠹ࠠࠬ࠻㧦ൎ㊁ᕺሶ࡮੗Ꮉବᒾ⪺‫ޡ‬㧱㨤㨏㨑㨘ߦࠃࠆࡔ࠺ࠖ
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ྸ ኒɼ ᫆ ᅹ Ⴘ ð㧟ᐕએ਄ᣂߒ޿̌ߊߔࠅ ᬀ ↰̍߳ߩ㆏ᱜ⑼ቇᛛⴚߩ⪺ߒ޿⊒ዷߦ઻ߞߡ㧘᭽‫ߥޘ‬ක⮎ຠ߇㐿⊒ߐࠇઁ ࠆࠃ߁ߦߥࠅ㧘㔍ᴦᕈ∔ᖚ߽ኈᤃߦቢᴦߢ߈ࠆࠃ߁ߦߥߞߡ
߈ߚ‫ࠄ߇ߥߒ߆ߒޕ‬ᣂ⮎ߩ㐿⊒ߦߪଐὼߣߒߡᄙߊߩ࿎㔍߇઻߁ߩ߇⃻⁁ߢ޽ࠆ‫ߪߢ⟵⻠ᧄޕ‬㧘ᣂߒ޿ක⮎ຠߩ┙᩺㧘㐿⊒㧘⵾ㅧ㧘Ꮢ⽼ߦ⥋ࠆ߹ߢߩ৻ㅪߩࡊࡠ࠮ࠬߦ߅ߌࠆၮᧄ⊛ߥᚢ⇛߿ᣇᴺ⺰ߦߟ޿ߡ᭎⺑ߔࠆ‫ߚ߹ޕ‬㧘ఝࠇߚߊߔࠅߩ⊓႐ߪ㧘ੱ㘃ߩ↢ᵴߩ⾰ࠍะ਄ߐߖߚ߇㧘৻ᣇߢߪ೽૞↪ߦࠃࠆஜᐽⵍኂߥߤߩ㊀◊ߥ໧㗴߽⊒↢ߒߡ޿ࠆ‫᦭ࠍࠅߔߊޕ‬ല߆ߟ቟ోߦ૶↪ߔࠆߚ߼㧘ߘߩㆡᱜ૶↪ߩ㊀ⷐᕈߦߟ޿ߡ߽
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㧔࠹ࠠࠬ࠻㧕೽㗴ྸ ኒɼ ᫆ ᅹ Ⴘ í↢ᘒ♽ߩ᭴ㅧߣ ਄ ㊁ 㜞 ᢅ↢ᘒ♽㧔ࠛࠦࠪࠬ࠹ࡓ㧕ࠍℂ⸃ߔࠆ਄ߢᔅⷐߥၮ␆੐㗄ࠍᯏ⢻ઁ ᧄ⻠⟵ߢߪቇ߮߹ߔ㧚↢ᘒ♽ߩⷙᮨߪ࿾⃿਄ߩో↢‛ࠍኻ⽎ߣߔࠆᏂᄢ↢ᘒ♽߆ࠄ୘૕ࠍኻ⽎ߣߔࠆᲧセ⊛න⚐ߥ߽ߩ߹ߢ᭽‫߇ߔߢޘ‬㧘ౕ૕଀ࠍ⷗ߥ߇ࠄ㧘ߎߩߎߣࠍℂ⸃ߒߡ޿߈
߹ߔ‫ߚ߹ޕ‬㧘ᚒ‫ੱޘ‬㑆ߩ↢ᵴߔࠆ႐ߢ޽ࠆㇺᏒ㧘޽ࠆ޿ߪㄘ
ᨋᬺ᳓↥ᬺߦ߅ߌࠆ↢↥ߩ႐߽㧘ߘࠇߙࠇߩ↢ᘒ♽ߣߒߡ⠨߃ࠆߎߣ߇น⢻ߢ޽ࠆߎߣࠍቇ⠌ߒ߹ߔ㧚ߘ߁ߔࠆߎߣߢⅣ
Ⴚ߿౏ኂߣ޿ߞߚ໧㗴ࠍ↢ᘒ♽ߣ޿߁ⷞὐ߆ࠄℂ⸃ߢ߈ࠆࠃ
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࠹ࠠࠬ࠻㧦․ߦᜰቯߒߥ޿‫ޕ‬
ᢥ࡮ℂἫ㧝㧟ᐕએ਄Φ㧚㜞ᐕᰴጁୃኻ⽎⑼⋡᝼ᬺౝኈਥ㗴⑼⋡㧔દㇺ࿾඙㧦೨ᦼ࡮ᓟᦼ㧕㧔୘೎ᢎ㙃⑼⋡㧘ᖱႎಣℂ⑼⋡Τߩ⺒ᦧ⑼⋡㧕ᲢᲭᲣ˙ᣃ‫ע‬ғ᧏ᜒᅹႸƂ Э ஖ ƃ
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೽㗴ࠪࠬ࠹ࡓߣ೙ᓮ ᫃ ේ ብ ਯྸ ኒɼ ᫆ ᅹ Ⴘ îྸኒɼ᫆ᅹႸó⣖ᖱႎ⑼ቇ᭎⺰ દ⦟⊝໪ᴦ৻⥸ߦ㧘Ꮏቇߢߪਇ቟ቯߥࡕࡁ૞ࠅߪߒߥ޿‫ߒ߆ߒޕ‬㧘⇣ߥࠆേ૞ὐߦ߅ߌࠆᒻ⁁⍦⋫ࠍ⸃᳿ߔࠆ႐ว㧘߹ߚᷫ⴮ജࠍ
⋥ធ⊛ߦઃਈߔࠆ႐วߥߤ㧘߹ߕਇ቟ቯߥ೙ᓮኻ⽎ࠍ૞ߞߡ߅޿ߡ㧘ߎࠇߦ቟ቯൻࠦࡦ࠻ࡠ࡯࡜ࠍઃടߒ㧘೙ᓮࠪࠬ࠹ࡓ
ߣߒߡᯏ⢻ߐߖࠆߎߣ߇޽ࠆ‫ߦ߼ߚߩߘޕ‬ᓎ┙ߟߩ߇✢ᒻࠪࠬ࠹ࡓ೙ᓮℂ⺰ߢ޽ࠆ‫ᧄޕ‬᝼ᬺߪ㧘✢ᒻઍᢙቇ㧘ᓸಽⓍಽቇ㧘ജቇߩၮ␆⍮⼂ߦၮߠ޿ߡ㧘߹ߚ㧿㧯㧵㧸㧭㧮㧘㧹㧭㨄㧵㧹㧭ࠍ⵬ഥ⊛ߦ૶ߞߡ㧘⷗੐ߦ૕♽ൻߐࠇߚ✢ᒻࠪࠬ࠹ࡓ
೙ᓮℂ⺰ࠍ㧘ࠦࡦ࠻ࡠ࡯࡜⸘▚ࠕ࡞ࠧ࡝࠭ࡓߩᢙ୯⊛቟ቯᕈߩⷰὐࠍ੤߃ߡㅀߴࠆ‫ޕ‬⣖ࠍᵴᕈൻߔࠆࠥ࡯ࡓ㧘㗡ߩࠃߊߥࠆ࠼࡝࡞ߥߤ⣖ߦ㑐ߔࠆ⹤߇ࠃߊ⹤㗴ߦߥߞߡ޿߹ߔ‫߇ࠄࠇߎޕ‬಴ߡ߈ߚ⢛᥊ߦߪ㧘⣖⑼ቇ⎇ⓥߩㅴዷ߇޽ࠅ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬⣖⑼ቇߪ㧘ᢥሼߤ߅ࠅ⣖ߦߟ޿ߡ⎇ⓥߔࠆቇ໧ಽ㊁ߢߔ߇㧘ၮ␆කቇ㧘↢‛ቇ㧘‛ℂቇ㧘Ꮏቇ㧘ᖱႎ⑼ቇ㧘ᢙቇ㧘ᔃℂቇߥߤߩᄙጘߩಽ㊁ߦ߹ߚ߇ߞߡ޿ࠆቇ㓙⊛ߥ߽ߩߢߔ‫ߪߢ⟵⻠ᧄޕ‬㧘ᦨᣂߩ޿ࠈ޿ࠈ
ߥಽ㊁ߦ߹ߚ߇ߞߚ⣖⑼ቇߩ⹤㗴߇߈ߜࠎߣℂ⸃ߢ߈ࠆࠃ߁
ߦߥࠆߎߣࠍ⋡⊛ߦ㧘⣖⑼ቇߩℂ⸃ߦᔅⷐߥၮ␆੐㗄߆ࠄᦨㄭߩ࠻ࡇ࠶ࠢࠬ߹ߢ㧘⣖ߩᖱႎಣℂࠍࠠ࡯ࡢ࡯࠼ߦ⻠⟵ࠍⴕ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬

Ἣ㧝✢ᒻઍᢙቇ㧘ᓸಽⓍ
ಽቇ㧘ജቇߩၮ␆⍮⼂ߩᓳ⠌‫ᧄޕ‬᝼ᬺߪ‫ޟ‬೙ᓮࠍᗧ⼂ߒߚࡕࡁ૞ࠅ‫ߦޠ‬㑐ߔࠆౕ૕⊛ߥᣇᴺ⺰ߢߪߥߊ㧘ߘߩߚ߼ߦᔅⷐ
ߣߥࠆ⃻ઍ೙ᓮℂ⺰ࠍᢙቇ⊛ߦㅀߴࠆߩ
ߢ㧘ߎߩߎߣࠍੌ⸃
ߒߡฃ⻠ߐࠇߚ޿‫ޕ‬ᢥ࡮ℂ ࠹ࠠࠬ࠻㧦᫃ේብਯ⪺‫✢ޡ‬ᒻࠪࠬ࠹ࡓ೙
㧟ᐕએ਄ ᓮ ౉ 㐷 ‫ ޢ‬㧔 ࠦ ࡠ ࠽␠㧕࠹ࠠࠬ࠻ߪ․ߦᜰቯߖߕ㧘ෳ⠨ᦠࠍߘߩ
ㇺᐲ⻠⟵ߩਛߢ⚫੺ߒ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬․ߦ੍஻⍮⼂ߪᔅⷐߣߒ߹ߖࠎ߇㧘⣖ߦߟ޿ߡ⥝๧ߩ޽ࠆቇ
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ྸኒɼ᫆ᅹႸð೽㗴ൻቇ⧷⺆

٧ ㊄ ↰ 㓉 ൻቇ⧷⺆⺰ᢥߩ⺒⸃߅ࠃ߮ၫ╩ߦᔅⷐߥ⧷න⺆㧘ࠗ࠺ࠖࠝ᧻ ㊁ ኼ ↢ ࡓࠍቇ⠌ߔࠆ‫ߚ߹ޕ‬㧘ൻቇ⧷⺆⺰ᢥߩ⁛․ߥ⴫⃻ࠍቇ⠌ߒ㧘◲නߥ⧷૞ᢥࠍⴕ߁‫⇼⾰߿ࡦ࡚ࠪ࡯࠹ࡦ࠯࡟ࡊߩߢ⺆⧷ޕ‬ᔕ╵ߦ㑐ߔࠆၮᧄ⊛ߥ⴫⃻ߦߟ޿ߡ߽ቇ⠌㧘ታ〣ߔࠆ‫ޕ‬Ἣ㧝ྸ ኒɼ ᫆ ᅹ Ⴘ òྸኒɼ᫆ᅹႸó࿑ᒻᖱႎಣℂ౉ ᄢ ᦬ ᓀ 㚅ⓨ㑆ߦ߅ߌࠆ⻉໧㗴ࠍ࿑⊛ߦߣࠄ߃⎇ⓥߔࠆ‫ޟ‬࿑ቇ‫޿ߣޠ‬㐷߁ቇ໧߇޽ࠅ߹ߔ‫ߪߦ⥸৻ޕ‬㧘⚕ߣ╩⸥ౕߦട߃ߡਃⷺቯⷙ
ߣࠦࡦࡄࠬࠍ↪޿ߚ૞࿑ߦࠃࠅ૞ᬺ߇ㅴ߼ࠄࠇ߹ߔ߇㧘ߎߩ᝼ᬺߢߪ㧘ߘࠇࠄߩࡔ࠺ࠖࠕߣ㆏ౕࠍࠦࡦࡇࡘ࡯࠲ߣਃᰴర
㧯㧳ࠕࡊ࡝ࠤ࡯࡚ࠪࡦߦ߅߈߆߃㧘ࠦࡦࡇࡘ࡯࠲߇ታ⃻ߔࠆ઒ᗐⓨ㑆ߢߩ┙૕߿ⓨ㑆ࠍ࿑⊛ߦขࠅᛒߞߡ࿑ቇ໧㗴ࠍ⸃޿ߡ޿߈߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ᄙߊߩಽ㊁ߦ᥉෸ߒߟߟ޽ࠆਃᰴర㧯㧳߿㧯㧭
㧰ࠍℂ⸃ߒᵴ↪ߔࠆ਄ߢ㧘ᧄ᝼ᬺߢീᒝߒߚߎߣ߇ᓎ┙ߟߢߒࠂ߁‫ޕ‬㧯㧳ࡕ࠺࡝ࡦࠣߦ߅ߌࠆⓨ㑆ᠲ૞ߩၮ␆⍮⼂ߣߒߡ߽᦭↪ߢߔ‫ޕ‬
ᖱႎ⑼ቇߩ਎⇇ ٧ 㡻 ᨋ ዏ 㕏 ߎߩ⑼⋡ߢߪ㧘ᖱႎ⑼ቇߩ਎⇇߳ߩᧄᩰ⊛ߥ౉㐷ߣߒߡ㧘┻ ↰ ᱜ ᐘ ℂ⺰⸘▚ᯏ⑼ቇ౉㐷㧘ᥧภߣᖱႎ࠮ࠠࡘ࡝࠹ࠖ౉㐷㧘⣖ᖱႎᰞ ੗ ᐘ ৻ ⑼ቇ౉㐷㧘ࠪࠬ࠹ࡓ.5+౉㐷㧘࠰ࡈ࠻࠙ࠚࠕᎿቇ౉㐷㧘ࡠࡏદ⦟⊝໪ᴦ ࠶࠻Ꮏቇ౉㐷㧘 ⒖േㅢା౉㐷ߥߤߩ࠻ࡇ࠶ࠢࠍขࠅ਄ߍߡ᧛ ਄ ๺ ᓆ ⚫੺ߔࠆ‫ޕ‬
ฎᎹ ᶈ
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‛ℂൻቇ㧘ಽᨆൻ
ቇ㧘ήᯏൻቇ㧘᦭ᯏ࡮㜞ಽሶൻቇࠍୃᓧ
ߒߡ߅ߊߎߣ߇ᦸ߹
ߒ޿‫ޕ‬ㆃೞࠍߒߥ޿ߎߣ‫ޕ‬ᢥ࡮ℂ ᝼ᬺ㐿ᆎ೨ߦฃ⻠Ḱ஻ࠍᷣ߹ߖߡ߅ߊߎ
㧟ᐕએ਄ ߣ‫ޕ‬Ἣ㧝Ἣ㧝⻠⟵ౝኈߩℂ⸃ߩߚ߼ߦ㧘․ߦᢥ⑼♽ฃ⻠⠪ߪචಽߥ੍⠌࡮ᓳ⠌߇ᔅⷐߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬࠹ࠠࠬ࠻㧦․ߦᜰቯߒߥ޿‫ޕ‬

Ძᴈ᳝Შᅈ˟ᡲઃᅹႸ Ɔ࠯঺ᲫᲱ࠰ࡇˌЭλ‫ܖ‬ᎍƸҥˮᛐ‫ܭ‬ưƖǇƤǜƇ
␠ળߦ߅ߌࠆᏒ᳃ߣߒߡߩ␠ળㅪ៤ᵴേߩᗧ⟵ࠍℂ⸃ߒ㧘␠ળ߳ߩ㑐ᔃࠍ㜞߼⥄Ꮖߩ␠ળ⊛૏⟎ߠߌࠍ⹺⼂ߔࠆߎߣߦࠃ
ࠅ㧘ᄢቇߦ߅ߌࠆୃቇᵴേߩ㊀ⷐᕈࠍౣ⹺⼂ߔࠆߣߣ߽ߦ㧘ቇ໧ߣ␠ળߣߩ㑐ࠊࠅߦߟ޿ߡߩ⍮⷗ࠍᷓ߼㧘ቇ↢ߢ޽ࠆߎߣ
ߩ⋡⊛ᗧ⼂ࠍ⏕┙ߔࠆߎߣࠍ⋡ᮡߣߒ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ߎߩߚ߼ߦ㧘ᢎ⢒⊛ⷐ⚛ߣᢎ⢒⊛ലᨐ߇⹺߼ࠄࠇࠆ␠ળㅪ៤ᵴേ㧔ࠗࡦ࠲࡯ࡦࠪ࠶ࡊ㧘ࡏ࡜ࡦ࠹ࠖࠕᵴേ㧘㧺㧼㧻ᴺੱ╬߳ߩෳടߥߤ㧕ࠍቇᄖߦ߅ߌࠆቇୃᵴേߩᚑᨐߣߒߡන૏ࠍ⹺ቯߒ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ȜȩȳȆǣǢ෇ѣíᲢᲫҥˮᲣȜȩȳȆǣǢ෇ѣîᲢᲫҥˮᲣࡏ࡜ࡦ࠹ࠖࠕᵴേࠍቇᄖߦ߅ߌࠆቇୃᵴേߩᚑᨐߣߒߡන૏ࠍ⹺ቯߒ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ǤȳǿȸȳǷȃȗíᲢᲫҥˮᲣǤȳǿȸȳǷȃȗîᲢᲫҥˮᲣࠗࡦ࠲࡯ࡦࠪ࠶ࡊࠍቇᄖߦ߅ߌࠆቇୃᵴേߩᚑᨐߣߒߡන૏ࠍ⹺ቯߒ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ᲢᲫᲣᛐ‫ܭ‬ᙲˑ㧝 ␠ળㅪ៤ᵴേߣߪ૗߆ࠍℂ⸃ߔࠆߚ߼㧘દㇺ࿾඙ߢ㐿⻠ߐࠇࠆ‫␠ޟ‬ળㅪ៤ᵴേ⺰‫ޠ‬㧔✚ว⑼⋡㧕ߩන૏ࠍୃᓧ
ߒߡ޿ࠆߎߣ‫ߪߚ߹ޕ‬ฦቇㇱ╬ߢ㐿⻠ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ␠ળㅪ៤ᵴേߦ㑐ߔࠆ⻠⟵ߩන૏ࠍୃᓧߒߡ޿ࠆߎߣ‫ޕ‬㧞㧚ฃ౉వᯏ㑐࡮⚵❱߇ᧄቇߢ⹺ቯߐࠇߚ߽ߩߢ޽ࠆߎߣ‫ޕ‬㧟㧚ᵴേߦଥࠆ✚ᓥ੐ᤨ㑆߇㧘㧞න૏⹺ቯߩ႐วߪ㧢㧜ᤨ㑆એ਄㧘㧝න૏⹺ቯߩ႐วߪ㧟㧜ᤨ㑆એ਄ߩᵴേߢ޽ࠆ
ߎߣ‫ޕ‬ᲢᲬᲣဎᛪ૾ඥ
න૏⹺ቯᏗᦸ⠪ߪ㧘↳⺧ᦠ╬ࠍోቇᢎ⢒⺖ోቇᢎ⢒ᢎോଥ߹ߚߪฦቇㇱ╬ቇ↢ଥ╬߳ឭ಴ߒ㧘੐೨ߦᛚ⹺ࠍᓧࠆߎ
ߣ‫ޕ‬ᵴേ⚳ੌᓟߪ㧘ㅦ߿߆ߦႎ๔ᦠ╬ࠍឭ಴ߔࠆߎߣ‫ޕ‬ᲢᲭᲣ‫ݙ‬௹૾ඥឭ಴ߐࠇߚ↳⺧ᦠ㘃࡮ႎ๔ᦠ╬ߦၮߠ߈㧘ᦠ㘃ክᩏਗ߮ߦ㕙ធክᩏࠍⴕ߁‫ޕ‬ᲢᲮᲣᛐ‫ܭ‬ǇưƷ්ǕᲫᲨžᅈ˟ᡲઃ෇ѣᛯſᲢዮӳᅹႸᲣƷҥˮǛ̲ࢽĄᲬᲨဎᛪᲢဎᛪ୿ሁǛμ‫ܖ‬૙Ꮛ૙Ѧ̞ǇƨƸӲ‫ܖ‬ᢿሁ‫ܖ‬ဃ̞ሁƴ੩ЈᲣӖλೞ᧙ȷኵጢӏƼ෇ѣϋܾƴƭƍƯஜ‫ܖ‬Ʒᛐ‫ܭ‬ǛࢽǔĄᲭᲨᅈ˟ᡲઃ෇ѣᲢȜȩȳȆǣǢ෇ѣᲦǤȳǿȸȳǷȃȗሁ ᲣƴࢼʙĄᲮᲨ‫إ‬ԓᲢ‫إ‬ԓ୿ሁǛμ‫ܖ‬૙Ꮛ૙Ѧ̞ǇƨƸӲ‫ܖ‬ᢿሁ‫ܖ‬ဃ̞ሁƴ੩ЈᲣĄᲯᲨ‫ݙ‬௹ӏƼҥˮᛐ‫ܭ‬Ტᛐ‫ܖܭ‬஖ƸᲦ‫إ‬ԓ୿ሁƕ੩ЈƞǕƨ‫ܖ‬஖Უ  

ᲬᲨዮӳᅹႸᲢသ‫ܖ‬ဃǻȳǿȸ᧏ᜒᅹႸᲣ
᳄᳎᳑Ტ,CRCP KP 6QFC[ U 9QTNFᲣ᧏ᜒᅹႸ
એਅߩ⑼⋡ߪ⇐ቇ↢࠮ࡦ࠲࡯߇ᄖ࿖ੱ⍴ᦼ⇐ቇࠦ࡯ࠬߢ㐿⻠ߔࠆ⑼⋡ߢߔ߇㧘✚ว⑼⋡㧔ᐔᚑ㧝㧣ᐕᐲએ೨౉ቇ⠪ߪ୘೎ᢎ㙃⑼⋡㧕ߣߒߡߩጁୃ߇⹺߼ࠄࠇ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ӖᜒǛƢǔƴƸᲦž‫ܖ‬ဃဇ᳟᳜᳑ǷǹȆȠſߦߡጁୃ⊓㍳ߔࠆ೨ߦ㧘⇐ቇ↢⺖㧔࿖㓙ㇱ᫟ౝ㧕ߢ㈩ઃࠍฃߌߚ‫ޟ‬㧶㨀㨃ࠦ࡯ࠬฃ⻠⺞ᦠ‫ߦޠ‬᝼ᬺᜂᒰᢎຬ߆ࠄฃ⻠⸵นߩ⟑ฬ㧔᛼ශ㧕ࠍฃߌߚᓟ㧘ߎߩ⺞ᦠࠍ⇐ቇ↢⺖߳ឭ಴ߒߡߊߛߐ޿‫ޕ‬ߥ߅㧘㧶㨀㨃ࠦ࡯ࠬฃ⻠⺞ᦠ෸߮ᤨ㑆ഀ࡮ࠪ࡜ࡃࠬ⹦⚦ߪ㧘JVVRYYYKUEM[WUJWWCELRLVYEQWTUGUEQWTUGUJVO ߦߡ࠳࠙ࡦࡠ࡯࠼
ߢ߈߹ߔ‫ޕ‬߹ߚ㧘ᄖ࿖ੱ⍴ᦼ⇐ቇࠦ࡯ࠬ㧔ㅢ⒓㧦㧶㨀㨃㧕ߣߪ㧘ਥߦᧄቇߣ⻉ᄖ࿖ߩᄢቇ㑆ߩቇ↢੤ᵹදቯߦၮߠߊ੤឵⇐ቇ↢ࠍฃߌ౉ࠇߡ޿ࠆඨᐕ
߹ߚߪ㧝ᐕ㑆ߩࠦ࡯ࠬߢߔ‫ޕ‬̪ ੉ಅƸƢǂƯᒍᛖƴǑǓᘍǘǕǇƢŵ

᝼ᬺ⑼⋡ฬ

ᜂᒰᢎຬ

᝼

ᬺ

ౝ

㐿⻠ቇᦼ㧔ᦐ ኻ⽎஻⠨ᣣᤨ㒢㧕࿾඙ ቇᐕ㧔࠹ࠠࠬ࠻㧕

ኈᄌ⽩ߔࠆᣣᧄ⚻ ੹ ੗ ੫ ৻
The course is designed to provide some introductory knowledge of ೨ᦼ㧔Ἣ㧞㧕 ᢥ࡮ℂ ᝼ᬺߪߔߴߡ⧷⺆ߢ
ᷣJapanese economy. Students will learn the essence of historical and ▫ፒ࿾඙ోቇᐕ ⴕࠊࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬
institutional background of Japanese Economy. In this course, we willේೣߣߒߡ61'(.focus on the structural issue of Japanese economy as a background ofὐએ਄ߩ⧷⺆ജࠍጁthe 10 year depression since the crush of the bubble economy in 1990.
ୃ᧦ઙߣߔࠆ‫ޕ‬
Key words of this course: Corporate organization and governance,
financial system and corporate groups, competition and businessstrategies, exchange rate regimes and international capital flows,
productivity gap across industries, aging society, education andmeritocracy, economic development and class stratification, and others.
ㄭઍᣣᧄߩ␠ળ ੹ ੗ ੫ ৻
The course is designed to provide some introductory knowledge of ೨ᦼ㧔Ἣ㧟㧕 ᢥ࡮ℂ ᝼ᬺߪߔߴߡ⧷⺆ߢ⚻ᷣผ㧞Japanese history. This is a continuation of the history course I taught in ▫ፒ࿾඙ోቇᐕ ⴕࠊࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬the previous semester. The course will cover the history of Japan'sේೣߣߒߡ61'(.political and economic system since World War II to the present.
ὐએ਄ߩ⧷⺆ജࠍጁୃ᧦ઙߣߔࠆ‫ޕ‬࿖㓙㊄Ⲣ౉㐷ఢ᪢ ⧉

The following 7 parts will be included in this class. 1. Key Terms ೨ᦼ㧔Ἣ㧟㧕 ᢥ࡮ℂ ᝼ᬺߪߔߴߡ⧷⺆ߢ
2.Financial Polices 3. International Balance of Payment and Movement ▫ፒ࿾඙ోቇᐕ ⴕࠊࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬of Capital 4.The Theory of Exchange Rates 5. Capital Market 6.
ේೣߣߒߡ61'(.International Monetary Systems 7. Financial Crisis. I will provideὐએ਄ߩ⧷⺆ജࠍጁlectures and give students chances to make presentations. Reports areୃ᧦ઙߣߔࠆ‫ޕ‬
required.

ᣣᧄߣ᧲ࠕࠫࠕ ᧘㑐ଥ⺰ᒄ ᧜This undergraduate level course offers an introduction to the most ೨ᦼ㧔᳓㧞㧕 ᢥ࡮ℂ ᝼ᬺߪߔߴߡ⧷⺆ߢ
important aspects of Japan’s role in East Asia, focusing on her evolving ▫ፒ࿾඙ోቇᐕ ⴕࠊࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬
relations with main actors in the region such as the U.S., China, Russiaේೣߣߒߡ61'(.and the two Koreas. The goal is to explain Japan’s ever-changing placeὐએ਄ߩ⧷⺆ജࠍጁin the region. The approach is both conceptual and historical. In orderୃ᧦ઙߣߔࠆ‫ޕ‬to provide the answers to the questions of “what,” “when” and “how” ofJapan’s evolving relations with the above countries, this course draws
upon the best in the domain traditions of international relations andinternational political economy by taking into account the international
activities of both the Japanese state and its people with relevant
historical developments in the background. This is not a course on
contemporary events, although contemporary issues and the post-Cold
War global environment will be seriously considered.

ᣣᧄߦ߅ߌࠆᢎ ࡐ ࡜ ࠶ ࠢThis course examines past and contemporary enculturation practices in ೨ᦼ㧔᳓㧟㧕 ᢥ࡮ℂ ᝼ᬺߪߔߴߡ⧷⺆ߢ
㙃ߣᢎ⢒Japan, focusing on character and identity formation and training from ▫ፒ࿾඙ోቇᐕ ⴕࠊࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬
infancy through childhood to adolescence, in the contexts of home,ේೣߣߒߡ61'(.school, and society at large. Readings, lectures, and class discussionsὐએ਄ߩ⧷⺆ജࠍጁaddress perennial and emergent development issues, and draw variouslyୃ᧦ઙߣߔࠆ‫ޕ‬
upon anthropological, psychological, sociological, and historicalmaterials. We will consider research by Japanese and foreign scholars
on such topics as mother-infant relations, family member roles andinteractions, adjustment to formal schooling, peer culture effects, mental
health issues, inculcation of morality in the classroom, approaches tolearning and instructional strategies, gender and social class patterns,
and the impact of media (television, video, manga, etc.) on personality,
among others. Grading will be based on class participation, weekly
reflections, and a short research paper. The goal is to deepen yourappreciation of how Japanese become Japanese-how they reproduce andtransform themselves-and of how this broad topic has been approached
in method and theory.

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Φ㧚㜞ᐕᰴጁୃኻ⽎⑼⋡᝼ᬺౝኈ✚ว⑼⋡㧔⇐ቇ↢㩈㩧㩊㨺㐿⻠⑼⋡㧕

᝼ᬺ⑼⋡ฬ

ᜂᒰᢎຬ

᝼

ᬺ

ౝ

㐿⻠ቇᦼ㧔ᦐ ኻ⽎஻⠨ᣣᤨ㒢㧕࿾඙ ቇᐕ㧔࠹ࠠࠬ࠻㧕

ኈ⃻ઍᣣᧄ᡽ᴦ౉ ⬒ ⷗ ੑ ㇢This course is to explore major topics and debates on Japanese ೨ᦼ㧔ᧁ㧞㧕 ᢥ࡮ℂ ᝼ᬺߪߔߴߡ⧷⺆ߢ㐷politics. Japan has experienced a dramatic change of the ruling party in ▫ፒ࿾඙ోቇᐕ ⴕࠊࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬
2009 (from the Liberal Democratic Party (LDP) to the Democratic Partyේೣߣߒߡ61'(.of Japan (DPJ)). This government handover provokes such questions asὐએ਄ߩ⧷⺆ജࠍጁto why the half-century-lasting LDP government was so suddenlyୃ᧦ઙߣߔࠆ‫ޕ‬collapsed, why Japanese people requested political power shift, and what
have taken place with the new government for these two years after thisregime change. These questions cannot be properly answered without
sufficient understanding of political institutions, the constitution, power
relationships, political cultures, history, electoral systems,socio-economic conditions, and ideological differences of Japanesesociety. This course, therefore, examines these issues as well as somekey public policies in relation to current Japanese politics. No priorstudy on Japanese politics is required; but some knowledge about
politics of your country is generally useful in understanding theparticularity and the universality of Japanese politics from a comparative
perspective.
⑔ጟߩ‛↥㧦ඳ ࠢᄙߩ๧ᣣᧄ⺆ߩベㇳ

ࠬThis course gives an overview of Hakata identity. The course surveys ೨ᦼ㧔ᧁ㧞㧕 ᢥ࡮ℂ ᝼ᬺߪߔߴߡ⧷⺆ߢ
the range of material culture and practices that is used to support Hakata ▫ፒ࿾඙ోቇᐕ ⴕࠊࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬
identity. Thematically, attention is given to discourses of local
ේೣߣߒߡ61'(.
production and material culture as identity. Methodologically, ourὐએ਄ߩ⧷⺆ജࠍጁoverall concern is with the question of how to represent the experienceୃ᧦ઙߣߔࠆ‫ޕ‬of cultural analysis. Fictocritical writing is one way to address several
contexts that frame our response to things we see that invent and sustain
the imaginary community of Hakata. Our classes will generally begin
with an introduction of a certain class of artifact. This will be followed
by in-class writing exercises. You are expected to share your writing
with other people in class. If you are not comfortable reading out yourwork, you can always pass the paper around in your small group.

ጟ ፒ ᥓ ᏆThis course will look at some fundamental linguistic features of ೨ᦼ㧔ᧁ㧟㧕 ᢥ࡮ℂ ᝼ᬺߪߔߴߡ⧷⺆ߢ
Japanese. In this semester discussion will cover topics related to ▫ፒ࿾඙ోቇᐕ ⴕࠊࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬Japanese verbs and particles, and cultural aspects of the language. Aේೣߣߒߡ61'(.series of case studies on each topic will be conducted so as to examineὐએ਄ߩ⧷⺆ജࠍጁthe characteristic of Japanese in comparison with English and otherୃ᧦ઙߣߔࠆ‫ޕ‬
languages where applicable. Evaluation is on the bases of class⻠⟵㧘⸛⺰㧘⊒⴫㧘
participation, one oral presentation (as in a group), quizzes and twoዊ࠹ࠬ࠻ߪోߡ⧷⺆
short written assignments.
ߢⴕࠊࠇ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ឭ಴ߔࠆ⺖㗴࡟ࡐ࡯࠻߽
⧷ᢥߣߥࠆ‫ޕ‬⃻ઍߩᣣᧄᢥቇ ࠢࡠࡠࠬThis course does not give an overview of Japanese literature. Instead ೨ᦼ㧔ᧁ㧟㧕 ᢥ࡮ℂ ᝼ᬺߪߔߴߡ⧷⺆ߢ
it surveys short stories and several novels written since the mid-eighties. ▫ፒ࿾඙ోቇᐕ ⴕࠊࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬The course is suitable for students who are interested in examining howේೣߣߒߡ61'(.literature supports and subverts the idea of national culture.
ὐએ਄ߩ⧷⺆ജࠍጁ
Thematically, attention is given to areas such as history, the family, theୃ᧦ઙߣߔࠆ‫ޕ‬
body, and sexuality. Our overall concern is with the question of change.
This concern expands beyond consideration of aesthetics decisions
between different kinds of stories and different kinds of presentation(Why is the text designed this way? Can we imagine a different form
for this text?). We will hopefully be able to read a range of stories andnovels as examples of support and critique of the idea of national
identity (What should we do about this text?). Close readings of thetexts will be our primary mode of advance.

ᣣᧄߩᢥൻ⊛⊒ ࡐ ࡜ ࠶ ࠢThis course surveys changing patterns of Japanese material, social, ೨ᦼ㧔㊄㧞㧕 ᢥ࡮ℂ ᝼ᬺߪߔߴߡ⧷⺆ߢዷ
and representational life from prehistoric to early modern times.
▫ፒ࿾඙ోቇᐕ ⴕࠊࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬
Lectures, readings, and discussions applying a question and answerේೣߣߒߡ61'(.
format will explore important evolutionary transformations in ecology,ὐએ਄ߩ⧷⺆ജࠍጁdemographics, technology, settlement and urbanization, economy,ୃ᧦ઙߣߔࠆ‫ޕ‬kinship and family, governance, religion, and aesthetics, among othercultural areas, using mostly anthropological and historical resources.
Transitions in adaptive strategy, or mode of subsistence, from foraging
through horticulture and agriculture to early industrialism, areemphasized as key determinants in the evolutionary process, and willorder our review of Japan̉s past. Grading will reflect yourparticipation in discussion and performance on a take-home examination.

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Φ㧚㜞ᐕᰴጁୃኻ⽎⑼⋡᝼ᬺౝኈ✚ว⑼⋡㧔⇐ቇ↢㩈㩧㩊㨺㐿⻠⑼⋡㧕

᝼ᬺ⑼⋡ฬ

ᜂᒰᢎຬ

᝼

ᬺ

ౝ

㐿⻠ቇᦼ㧔ᦐ ኻ⽎஻⠨ᣣᤨ㒢㧕࿾඙ ቇᐕ㧔࠹ࠠࠬ࠻㧕

ኈ⃻ઍᣣᧄߣᄢⴐ ࠽ ࠞ ࡓ ࡜This course introduces and defines popular culture through basic ೨ᦼ㧔㊄㧟㧕 ᢥ࡮ℂ ᝼ᬺߪߔߴߡ⧷⺆ߢᢥൻ
theories and ideas of consumer, commercial, economic, political and ▫ፒ࿾඙ోቇᐕ ⴕࠊࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬
media/advertising cultures. The interconnection of these concepts formsේೣߣߒߡ61'(.a method of examining contemporary Japanese popular culture (JPC).
ὐએ਄ߩ⧷⺆ജࠍጁThe inter-relationship among these concepts to themes in contemporaryୃ᧦ઙߣߔࠆ‫ޕ‬Japanese popular culture (JPC) is explored through current scholarly
articles including Japanese, other non-Western and Western scholarship.
㤥Ỉ᣿ߩᣣᧄ࠽ ࠞ ࡓ ࡜Akira Kurosawa directed 30 films in his more than 50-year career. He ೨ᦼ㧔㊄㧡㧕 ᢥ࡮ℂ ᝼ᬺߪߔߴߡ⧷⺆ߢwas first appreciated as a film director in North America, and is now ▫ፒ࿾඙ోቇᐕ ⴕࠊࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬
respected by audiences and critics worldwide, including his nativeේೣߣߒߡ61'(.Japan. His films have won many awards, and in 1989 he was nominatedὐએ਄ߩ⧷⺆ജࠍጁfor an Academy Award for Best Director. This course will present anୃ᧦ઙߣߔࠆ‫ޕ‬
overview Kurosawảs films from 1943-1993 with a focus on his
representation of Japan in his films.

᲻᳎᳑Ტ#UKC KP 6QFC[ U 9QTNFᲣ᧏ᜒᅹႸ
એਅߩ⑼⋡ߪ㧘⇐ቇ↢࠮ࡦ࠲࡯߇ᄖ࿖ੱ⍴ᦼ⇐ቇࠦ࡯ࠬߩ৻Ⅳߣߒߡᄐቄ㓸ਛߢታᣉߔࠆ਻Ꮊᄢቇࠨࡑ࡯ࠦ࡯ࠬߢ㐿⻠ߔࠆ⑼⋡ߢߔ߇㧘✚ว⑼⋡㧔ᐔᚑ㧝㧣ᐕᐲએ೨౉ቇ⠪ߪ୘೎ᢎ㙃⑼⋡㧕ߣߒߡߩጁୃ߇⹺߼ࠄࠇ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ӖᜒဃѪᨼӏƼ‫̲ޗ‬ႇ᥵૾ඥሁƷᛇኬƴƭƍƯƸᲦࢸଐᲦਫ਼ᅆƴǑǓƓჷǒƤƠǇƢŵ̪ ੉ಅƸƢǂƯᒍᛖƴǑǓᘍǘǕǇƢŵ

᝼ᬺ⑼⋡ฬ

ᜂᒰᢎຬ

᝼

ᬺ

ౝ

㐿⻠ቇᦼ㧔ᦐ ኻ⽎஻⠨ᣣᤨ㒢㧕࿾඙ ቇᐕ㧔࠹ࠠࠬ࠻㧕

ኈᣣᧄᢥቇߦ߅ߌ ࡇ࠾ࡦࠣ࠻ࡦ
This is a survey of the literary treatment of death and killing in the ೨ᦼᢥ࡮ℂ ฃ⻠⠪ߪ61'(.ὐ
ththࠆ‫ޟ‬ᱫ‫ߩޠ‬⠨ኤ
Japanese tradition from the 7 to the 18 centuries. The course is both a ᄐቄ㓸ਛ⻠⟵ ోቇᐕ એ਄ߩ⧷⺆ജࠍ᦭ߔchronological introduction to the literary tradition and an investigation ▫ፒ࿾඙ࠆߎߣ‫ޕ‬of Japanese conceptions of death, with particular attention paid toorigins in mainland culture and contrasts with that culture. All materials
will be read in English translation.
⃻ઍߩᣣᧄߣࠕ ࠹ࠝ ࠪ࡯ࡋࡦThis course aims to provide an understanding of Japan's interest in ೨ᦼᢥ࡮ℂ ฃ⻠⠪ߪ61'(.ὐ
ࠫࠕᄥᐔᵗ
and approaches to the Asia-Pacific by examining selected themes in ᄐቄ㓸ਛ⻠⟵ ోቇᐕ એ਄ߩ⧷⺆ജࠍ᦭ߔJapan's interactions with the Asia-Pacific in modern times, from 1868 to ▫ፒ࿾඙ࠆߎߣ‫ޕ‬
present times. Such themes include imperialism and colonialism,
nationalism and internationalism, war and peace, economic and culturalinteractions, roles of state and non-governmental actors, and Japan's
approaches to Asia-Pacific regionalism. This course will consist of two
sections. Section I will examine Japan's engagements in the Asia-Pacificfrom 1868 to 1945 while Section II will analyze Japan's interests androles in the Asia-Pacific from 1945 to present times. The focus is on theregions of East Asia and Southeast Asia. Apart from lectures, there will
be video screening of documentaries for learning purposes.
ォ឵ᦼߩᣣᧄ᡽ ࡧࠔࡦࠝ࡯ࡌ࡞ࡌࠤ This course addresses dynamics of politics and society in Asia ೨ᦼ
ᢥ࡮ℂ ฃ⻠⠪ߪ61'(.ὐᴦ␠ળ
focusing on Japan and Korea in particular. The focus of this course will ᄐቄ㓸ਛ⻠⟵ ోቇᐕ એ਄ߩ⧷⺆ജࠍ᦭ߔbe on political, legal and social institutions, not only by analyzing how ▫ፒ࿾඙ࠆߎߣ‫ޕ‬
these institutions are shaped today but also addressing them from anhistorical, cultural, and sociological perspective. Based on anunderstanding of domestic and bilateral issues, in this course students
will also study how Korea and Japan are defining their position in Asia
by fostering regional cooperation and how these countries in particularand Asia as a region in general are redefining their relation with the US
and Europe.

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ᲭᲨᚕᛖ૨҄ᐯဌᢠ৸ᅹႸ
Ტ࠯঺ᲫᲱ࠰ࡇˌЭλ‫ܖ‬ᎍᲴᚕᛖ૨҄ᅹႸîᲦ‫׎ٳ‬ᛖǳȟȥȋǱȸǷȧȳᅹႸƷᛠஆᅹႸᲣ
⸒⺆ᢥൻၮ␆⑼⋡ࠍ㧔ේೣߣߒߡ㧕ጁୃߒ⚳ࠊߞߚੱߦኻߒߡ㧘ࠃࠅ㜞ᐲߥ⺆ቇജࠍୃᓧߔࠆߚ߼ߩታ〣⊛㧘ታ↪⊛ߥዋੱᢙߩ᝼ᬺߢߔ‫ޕ‬ᄙ᭽ߥቇ⠌⋡⊛ߦኻᔕߒߚ᝼ᬺ⑼⋡ࠍࠕ࡜ࠞ࡞࠻ᣇᑼߢ㐿⻠ߒ߹ߔߩߢ㧘Ꮧᦸߦᔕߓߡ⥄↱ߦㆬᛯߔࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈߹ߔ‫ߚ߹ޕ‬㧘ೋ߼ߡᣂߒ޿ᄖ࿖⺆ࠍጁୃߔࠆੱߦኻߔࠆ᝼ᬺ⑼⋡ߣߒߡ‫౉ޟ‬㐷㧔෶ߪㅦୃ㧕٤٤⺆‫ޠ‬߽↪ᗧߐࠇߡ޿߹ߔ‫߅ߥޕ‬㧘ߎߩ⸒⺆ᢥൻ⥄↱ㆬᛯ⑼⋡ߪቇㇱ↢ะߌߩ᝼ᬺߢߔ‫ޕ‬ቯຬߦ૛⵨߇޽ࠆ႐วߦ㒢ࠅ㧘ᄢቇ㒮↢㧘ᢎ⡯ຬߦ߽㐿᡼ߒ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ᲢᲫᲣ‫̲ޗ‬Ʒˁ૾⸒⺆ᢥൻ⥄↱ㆬᛯ⑼⋡ߢߪᏗᦸߔࠆ᝼ᬺ⑼⋡ࠍ⥄↱ߦㆬᛯߒߡጁୃߔࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈߹ߔ‫ߒߛߚޕ‬㧘⧷⺆⑼⋡ߦߟ޿ߡߪࠢ࡜ࠬಽߌߩߚ߼ߩࡊ࡟ࠗࠬࡔࡦ࠻࠹ࠬ࠻߇޽ࠅ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ጁୃᏗᦸ⠪ߪᔅߕߎߩࡊ࡟ࠗࠬࡔࡦ࠻࠹ࠬ࠻ࠍ
ฃߌߥߌࠇ߫ߥࠅ߹ߖࠎ㧔ㆊ෰㧟ᐕએౝߩ61'+%61'(.ߩࠬࠦࠕࠍࡊ࡟ࠗࠬࡔࡦ࠻࠹ࠬ࠻ߩὐᢙߣߒߡ૶↪ߔࠆߎߣ߽ߢ߈߹ߔ㧕‫ߩ࠻ࠬ࠹࠻ࡦࡔࠬࠗ࡟ࡊޕ‬ᣣᤨ╬ߦߟ޿ߡߪ㧘ቇㇱߩቇ↢ଥ╬߅ࠃ߮⸒⺆ᢥൻ⎇ⓥ㒮▫ፒಽቶߢឝ␜㧘㈩Ꮣߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ᩺ౝߢ⏕⹺ߒߡߊߛߐ޿‫ޕ‬ጁୃߒߚන૏ߪ✚วㆬᛯጁୃᣇᑼߩන૏ߣߒߡ⹺߼ࠄࠇ߹ߔ߇㧘⹺߼ࠄࠇࠆන૏ᢙߦ㑐ߒߡߪ㧘ቇㇱ࡮ቇ⑼㧔ࠦ࡯ࠬ㧕ߦࠃࠅ⇣ߥࠅ߹ߔߩߢ㧘‫ోޟ‬ቇᢎ⢒⑼⋡ጁୃⷐ㗄‫ޕ޿ߐߛߊߡߒ⹺⏕ߢޠ‬‫ޟ‬ᚕᛖ૨҄ᐯဌᢠ৸ᅹႸſƷҥˮƸᲦžᚕᛖ૨҄ؕᄽᅹႸſӏƼžᚕᛖ૨҄ᅹႸíſƷҥˮƱƠƯƸᛐ‫ܭ‬ƞǕǇƤǜŵᲢᲬᲣ࠯঺ᲫᲱ࠰ࡇˌЭλ‫ܖ‬ᎍƷᅹႸƷᛠஆ⸒⺆ᢥൻ⑼⋡Τ㧘ᄖ࿖⺆ࠦࡒࡘ࠾ࠤ࡯࡚ࠪࡦ⑼⋡ߪ⸒⺆ᢥൻ⥄↱ㆬᛯ⑼⋡ࠍୃᓧߔࠆߎߣߦࠃࠅ⺒ߺᦧ߃ࠄࠇ
߹ߔ‫ޕ‬㧞㧤㗁એ㒠㧔Χ㧚⑼⋡ߩ⺒ᦧߦߟ޿ߡ㧕ࠍෳᾖߩ߁߃ጁୃߒߡߊߛߐ޿‫ޕ‬ߥ߅㧘⸒⺆ᢥൻ⥄↱ㆬᛯ⑼⋡߆ࠄ㧘⸒⺆ᢥൻ⑼⋡Τ㧘ᄖ࿖⺆ࠦࡒࡘ࠾ࠤ࡯࡚ࠪࡦ⑼⋡ߩ޿ߕࠇ߆ߦ⺒ߺᦧ߃ࠄ
ࠇࠆ⑼⋡߇޽ࠅ߹ߔߩߢ㧘⹥ᒰ⑼⋡ࠍጁୃߔࠆ႐วߪ㧘⑼⋡⺒ᦧߩᚻ⛯߈߇ᔅⷐߢߔ‫ޕ‬ᲢᲭᲣ੉ಅϋܾએਅ㧘ߘࠇߙࠇߩ⑼⋡ߩ㐿⻠ߦ㑐ߔࠆ⺑᣿ਛߩ‫ޟ‬ㅳ㧝࿁‫ߪޠ‬㧘․ߦ㧘ߘࠇએ਄ߩ᣿⸥߇޽ࠆ႐วࠍ㒰߈㧘╙㧠ቇᦼએ㒠ߩ೨ᦼ߹ߚߪᓟᦼߦ߅޿ߡㅳ㧝࿁㐿⻠ߐࠇࠆߎߣࠍᗧ๧ߒ߹ߔ‫ߚ߹ޕ‬㧘ᐔᚑ㧞㧟ᐕᐲߦ㐿⻠ߐࠇߥ޿⑼⋡ߦߟ޿ߡߪ㧘㐿⻠੍ቯߩᐕᐲ߇⸥ߐࠇߡ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬

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ᛖ ƃ

ᒍᛖ˟ᛅíᲢЭȷࢸ஖᧏ᜒᲦᡵᲫ‫ׅ‬ᲦᲬҥˮᲦረ߃Ўܴȷ˙ᣃ‫ע‬ғᲣ⺆ᒵ㧘ᢥᴺജࠍะ਄ߐߖࠆߎߣߦࠃࠅ㧘⧷⺆ߦࠃࠆᗧᔒ⇹ㅢࠍࠬࡓ࡯࠭ߦⴕ߁ታ〣⊛⧷⺆ࠦࡒࡘ࠾ࠤ࡯࡚ࠪࡦ⢻ജߩ㙃ᚑࠍߪ߆ࠅ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ᒍᛖ˟ᛅîᲢЭȷࢸ஖᧏ᜒᲦᡵᲫ‫ׅ‬ᲦᲬҥˮᲦረ߃Ўܴȷ˙ᣃ‫ע‬ғᲣ᡽ᴦ࡮␠ળ࡮⚻ᷣ࡮⑼ቇ╬ߩ⻉ಽ㊁ߦ߅ߌࠆኾ㐷⊛ߥౝኈߦߟ޿ߡ⥄↱ߦળ⹤߇ߢ߈ࠆࠃ߁ߦ⧷⺆ࠦࡒࡘ࠾ࠤ࡯
࡚ࠪࡦ⢻ജߩ㙃ᚑࠍߪ߆ࠅ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ᒍᛖȗȬǼȳȆȸǷȧȳíᲢЭȷࢸ஖᧏ᜒᲦᡵᲫ‫ׅ‬ᲦᲬҥˮᲦረ߃Ўܴȷ˙ᣃ‫ע‬ғᲣ⧷⺆ߦࠃࠆലᨐ⊛ߥࡊ࡟࠯ࡦ࠹࡯࡚ࠪࡦߩ޽ࠅᣇࠍℂ⸃ߒ㧘ࡄࡉ࡝࠶ࠢ࡮ࠬࡇ࡯ࠠࡦࠣߩၮ␆ࠍቇ߮߹ߔ‫⥸৻ޕ‬⊛ߥౝኈߦߟ޿ߡߩࠬࡇ࡯࠴㧘࠺ࠖࠬࠞ࠶࡚ࠪࡦ㧘࠺ࠖࡌ࡯࠻ߥߤߐ߹ߑ߹ߥ႐㕙ߩࠬࡇ࡯ࠠࡦࠣ⢻ജߩ㙃ᚑࠍߪ߆ࠅ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬  

Φ㜞ᐕᰴጁୃኻ⽎⑼⋡᝼ᬺౝኈ⸒⺆ᢥൻ⥄↱ㆬᛯ⑼⋡㧔⸒⺆ᢥൻ⑼⋡Τ㧘ᄖ࿖⺆ࠦࡒࡘ࠾ࠤ࡯࡚ࠪࡦ⑼⋡ߩ⺒ᦧ⑼⋡㧕ᒍᛖȗȬǼȳȆȸǷȧȳîᲢࢸ஖᧏ᜒᲦᡵᲫ‫ׅ‬ᲦᲬҥˮᲦረ߃Ўܴȷ˙ᣃ‫ע‬ғᲣ⧷⺆ࡊ࡟࠯ࡦ࠹࡯࡚ࠪࡦΣߩౝኈߦ㑐ߒߡߐࠄߦ㜞ᐲߥ⸠✵ࠍⴕ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ኾ㐷⊛ߥౝኈߦߟ޿ߡߩࠬࡇ࡯࠴㧘࠺ࠖࠬࠞ࠶࡚ࠪࡦ㧘࠺ࠖࡌ࡯࠻ߥߤߐ߹ߑ߹ߥ႐㕙ߩࠬࡇ࡯ࠠࡦࠣ⢻ജߩ㙃ᚑࠍߪ߆ࠅ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ᒍᛖȪǹȋȳǰíᲢЭȷࢸ஖᧏ᜒᲦᡵᲫ‫ׅ‬ᲦᲬҥˮᲦረ߃ЎܴᲣ⧷⺆ߦࠃࠆ࠾ࡘ࡯ࠬࠍਛᔃߣߒߚᢎ᧚ࠍ↪޿ߡ㧘⥄ὼߥㅦߐߩ⧷⺆߇ℂ⸃ߢ߈ࠆࠃ߁ߥ㧘⡬⸃ജߩ㙃ᚑࠍ߼ߑߒ
߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ᒍᛖȪǹȋȳǰîᲢЭȷࢸ஖᧏ᜒᲦᡵᲫ‫ׅ‬ᲦᲬҥˮᲦረ߃ЎܴᲣ᡽ᴦ࡮␠ળ࡮⚻ᷣ࡮⑼ቇ╬ߩ⻉ಽ㊁ߦ߅ߌࠆኾ㐷⊛ߥౝኈߦߟ޿ߡߩ⻠⟵߿⻠Ṷ㧘෸߮࠹࡟ࡆ࠼࡜ࡑ߿࠼ࠠࡘ
ࡔࡦ࠲࡝࡯߿ᤋ↹╬ࠍᢎ᧚ߣߒߡ↪޿ߡ㧘㜞ᐲߥ⡬⸃ജߩ㙃ᚑࠍ߼ߑߒ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ᒍᛖȩǤȆǣȳǰíᲢЭ஖᧏ᜒᲦᡵᲫ‫ׅ‬ᲦᲬҥˮᲦ˙ᣃ‫ע‬ғᲣ⧷ᢥࡄ࡜ࠣ࡜ࡈߩᦠ߈ᣇࠍ〯߹߃ߚ਄ߢ㧘৻⥸⊛ߥౝኈߦߟ޿ߡߩ⧷ᢥࠛ࠶࠮ࠗߩ᭴ᚑߣၫ╩ᴺࠍቇ߮߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ᒍᛖȩǤȆǣȳǰîᲢЭȷࢸ஖᧏ᜒᲦᡵᲫ‫ׅ‬ᲦᲬҥˮᲦረ߃Ўܴȷ˙ᣃ‫ע‬ғᲣ⎇ⓥ⺰ᢥߩ᭴ᚑߣၫ╩ᴺߩၮ␆ࠍቇ߮߹ߔ‫⎇ޕ‬ⓥ⺰ᢥࠍၫ╩ߔࠆߩߦᔅⷐߥ⺰ℂ⊛ᕁ⠨⢻ജ߿⺰ℂ⊛ᢥ┨᭴ᚑ⢻ജߩ㙃ᚑࠍ߼ߑߒ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ᒍᛖȪȸȇǣȳǰíᲢЭȷࢸ஖᧏ᜒᲦᡵᲫ‫ׅ‬ᲦᲬҥˮᲦረ߃ЎܴᲣ⧷ሼᣂ⡞߿⧷ᢥ㔀⹹ߥߤߩ⸥੐ࠍ⺒ߺߎߥߔ⢻ജߩ㙃ᚑࠍ߼ߑߒ߹ߔ‫ᤨޕ‬੐⧷⺆ࠍਛᔃߦ⺒ߺ߹ߔ߇㧘ੱᢥ⑼ቇ࡮
␠ળ⑼ቇ࡮⥄ὼ⑼ቇߩ⻉ಽ㊁ߩ⸥੐ࠍ⺒߻ߎߣ߽޽ࠅ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ᒍᛖȪȸȇǣȳǰîᲢЭȷࢸ஖᧏ᜒᲦᡵᲫ‫ׅ‬ᲦᲬҥˮᲦረ߃ЎܴᲣᣂ⡞߿㔀⹹ߩ⸥੐ߛߌߢߥߊනⴕᧄ߽฽ࠎߛᄢ㊂ߩ⧷ᢥࠍᣧߊᱜ⏕ߦ⺒߻⢻ജߩ㙃ᚑࠍ߼ߑߒ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ᒍᛖȪȸȇǣȳǰïᲢЭȷࢸ஖᧏ᜒᲦᡵᲫ‫ׅ‬ᲦᲬҥˮᲦረ߃ЎܴᲣኾ㐷⊛ߥ㗴᧚ߦߟ޿ߡߩ㜞ᐲߥౝኈߩᢥ₂ࠍਛᔃߦᱜ⏕ߦ⺒⸃ߔࠆജߩ㙃ᚑࠍ߼ߑߒ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ᒍᛖȆǹȈȷȆǤǭȳǰᲢЭȷࢸ஖᧏ᜒᲦᡵᲫ‫ׅ‬ᲦᲬҥˮᲦረ߃Ўܴȷ˙ᣃ‫ע‬ғᲣ㨀㧻㧱㧲㧸߿㨀㧻㧱㧵㧯ߥߤߩ࿖㓙⊛ߦㅢ↪ߔࠆ⧷⺆ᬌቯ⹜㛎ߩࠬࠦࠕࠍ਄ߍࠆߚ߼ߦᔅⷐߥ⢻ജߩ㙃ᚑࠍ߼ߑߒ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬หߓቇᦼߦⶄᢙ㐿⻠ߔࠆ႐วߪ㧘৻ᣇࠍ㨀㧻㧱㧲㧸ฃ㛎ߩߚ߼ߩࠢ࡜ࠬ㧘ઁᣇࠍ㨀㧻㧱㧵㧯ฃ㛎ߩߚ߼ߩࠢ࡜ࠬߦಽߌࠆߎߣ߽޽ࠅ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬Ƃਃ࢘૙ՃᲢ࠯঺ᲬᲭ࠰ࡇᲣ ƃǢȬȪȸǺᲦ᳄Შ
ǢȸȠǹȈȭȳǰᲦ᳇ᲨǰǤȳᲦ᳇Შ
ǷȣȎȳᲦ᳀Შ඾ ဋ ୒ ‫܇‬ȖȩǦȳᲦ᳃Შ

ǢȳǹǳȠ᫨᣼᳄᳌ᤠ ங ᨙ ‫܇‬țȸȫᲦ᳇Შᆖ ᓶ ፦ဌኔᤠ ங ӫ ૨‫ ٽ‬ဋ ɟ ଯǿȸȊȸᲦ᳊Შ
ᲤҮƸ᩼ࠝѮᜒࠖ  

Φ㜞ᐕᰴጁୃኻ⽎⑼⋡᝼ᬺౝኈ⸒⺆ᢥൻ⥄↱ㆬᛯ⑼⋡㧔⸒⺆ᢥൻ⑼⋡Τ㧘ᄖ࿖⺆ࠦࡒࡘ࠾ࠤ࡯࡚ࠪࡦ⑼⋡ߩ⺒ᦧ⑼⋡㧕Ƃ ȉǤȄᛖ ƃȉǤȄᛖɶኢíᲢࢸ஖᧏ᜒᲦᡵᲫ‫ׅ‬ᲦᲬҥˮᲦረ߃ЎܴᲣ⸒⺆ᢥൻၮ␆⑼⋡ߢቇࠎߛ࠼ࠗ࠷⺆ࠍ⛮ᛚ࡮⊒ዷߐߖ㧘ߐࠄߦ㜞ᐲߥ࠼ࠗ࠷⺆ߩ✚ว⊛ㆇ↪⢻ജߩᶩ㙃ࠍ߼ߑߒ߹ߔ‫⺆࠷ࠗ࠼ޕ‬ᬌቯ㧟⚖ߦวᩰߔࠆജࠍߟߌࠆߎߣࠍ⋡ᮡߣߒ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ȉǤȄᛖɶኢîᲢᡵᲫ‫ׅ‬ᲦᲬҥˮᲦረ߃ЎܴᲣƆ࠯঺ᲬᲮ࠰ࡇ᧏ᜒʖ‫ܭ‬Ƈ⸒⺆ᢥൻၮ␆⑼⋡෸߮࠼ࠗ࠷⺆ਛ⚖Σߢቇࠎߛ࠼ࠗ࠷⺆ࠍ⛮ᛚ࡮⊒ዷߐߖ㧘ߐࠄߦ㜞ᐲߥ࠼ࠗ࠷⺆ߩ✚ว⊛ㆇ↪⢻ജߩᶩ㙃ࠍ߼ߑߒ߹ߔ‫⺆࠷ࠗ࠼ޕ‬ᬌቯ㧟⚖෸߮㧞⚖ߦวᩰߔࠆജࠍߟߌࠆߎߣࠍ⋡ᮡߣߒ߹ߔ‫⺆࠷ࠗ࠼ޕ‬ਛ⚖Σࠍጁୃߒߡ޿ߥ޿ੱ߽ฃ⻠ߢ߈߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ȉǤȄᛖǪȸȩȫ๫፼íᲢᡵᲫ‫ׅ‬ᲦᲬҥˮᲦረ߃ЎܴᲣƆ࠯঺ᲬᲮ࠰ࡇ᧏ᜒʖ‫ܭ‬Ƈ․ߦ࠼ࠗ࠷⺆ߩ⡞߈ขࠅ⢻ജߣ⊒⹤⢻ജߩ㙃ᚑࠍ߼ߑߒߡ㧘ၮ␆⊛ߥቇ⠌ࠍⴕ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ᢥሼᖱႎࠍߣ߅ߒߡߩ
࠼ࠗ࠷⺆ࠃࠅ߽㖸ჿᯏ⢻ߣߒߡߩ࠼ࠗ࠷⺆ߩಣℂߦ㊀ὐࠍ⟎߈߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ȉǤȄᛖǪȸȩȫ๫፼îᲢЭ஖᧏ᜒᲦᡵᲫ‫ׅ‬ᲦᲬҥˮᲦረ߃ЎܴᲣ࠼ࠗ࠷⺆ࠝ࡯࡜࡞Ṷ⠌Σߩౝኈࠍߐࠄߦ㜞߼㧘․ߦ࠼ࠗ࠷⺆ߩ⡞߈ขࠅ⢻ജߣ⊒⹤⢻ജߩߐࠄߥࠆะ਄ࠍ߼ߑ
ߒ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬᭽‫⁁߿ࡑ࡯࠹ߥޘ‬ᴫࠍ⸳ቯߒ㧘ᢥሼᖱႎࠍㅢߒߡߩ࠼ࠗ࠷⺆ࠃࠅ߽㖸ჿᯏ⢻ߣߒߡߩ࠼ࠗ࠷⺆ߩಣℂߦ
㊀ὐࠍ⟎߈߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ȉǤȄᛖᛠᚐ๫፼íᲢᡵᲫ‫ׅ‬ᲦᲬҥˮᲦረ߃ЎܴᲣƆ࠯঺ᲬᲮ࠰ࡇ᧏ᜒʖ‫ܭ‬Ƈ࠼ࠗ࠷⺆ߩᢥ┨ࠍᱜ⏕ߦ⺒⸃ߒ㧘ᣣᧄ⺆ߦ⠡⸶ߔࠆߚ߼ߩℂ⺰ࠍቇ߮㧘ߘࠇࠍ᭽‫ߥޘ‬ᢎ᧚ࠍ↪޿ߡታ〣ߒ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ᄢቇ㒮ࠍฃ㛎ߔࠆ㓙ߦ࠼ࠗ࠷⺆߇ᔅⷐߥੱߦㆡߒߚ᝼ᬺߢߔ‫ޕ‬ȉǤȄᛖᛠᚐ๫፼îᲢᡵᲫ‫ׅ‬ᲦᲬҥˮᲦረ߃ЎܴᲣƆ࠯঺ᲬᲮ࠰ࡇ᧏ᜒʖ‫ܭ‬Ƈ࠼ࠗ࠷⺆⺒⸃࠮ࡒ࠽࡯Σߩౝኈࠍߐࠄߦ㜞߼㧘᭽‫ߩ࡞ࡦࡖࠫߥޘ‬ᢥ┨߿㜞ᐲߥᢥ₂ࠍ⺒⸃ߔࠆ⢻ജࠍ㙃ᚑߒ߹ߔ‫ߢ⺆࠷ࠗ࠼ޕ‬ℂ⸃ߔࠆߚ߼ߦᣣᧄ⺆߳ߩ⸶⺒ߪⴕࠊߕ㧘࠼ࠗ࠷⺆ߦࠃࠆⷐ⚂߿ࡄ࡜ࡈ࡟࡯࠭㧘ౝኈߦ㑐ߒߡ࠼ࠗ࠷⺆ߦࠃࠆ࠺ࠖࠬࠞ࠶࡚ࠪࡦ╬ࠍⴕ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ȉǤȄᛖᘙྵ๫፼íᲢЭ஖᧏ᜒᲦᡵᲫ‫ׅ‬ᲦᲬҥˮᲦረ߃ЎܴᲣ࠼ࠗ࠷⺆ߩ࡜ࠗ࠹ࠖࡦࠣ⢻ജߩၮ␆⊛ߥജࠍ㙃ᚑߒ߹ߔ‫ߢ⺆࠷ࠗ࠼ޕ‬ળ⹤ࠍߔࠆߣ߈߽㧘ታߪ⑳ߚߜߪහᐳߦ
⁛૞ᢥࠍߒߡ޿ࠆߩߛߣ⠨߃ࠆߎߣ߽ߢ߈߹ߔ‫ޕ‬᭽‫ߥޘ‬᭴ᢥ߿⸒޿࿁ߒࠍୃᓧߒߡ࠼ࠗ࠷⺆ߦࠃࠆ⴫⃻ജࠍિ߫ߒ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬

ȉǤȄᛖᘙྵ๫፼îᲢࢸ஖᧏ᜒᲦᡵᲫ‫ׅ‬ᲦᲬҥˮᲦረ߃ЎܴᲣ࠼ࠗ࠷⺆⴫⃻Ṷ⠌Σߩౝኈࠍߐࠄߦ㜞߼㧘࠼ࠗ࠷⺆ߦࠃࠆ࡜ࠗ࠹ࠖࡦࠣ⢻ജࠍ㙃ᚑߒ߹ߔ‫ⶄ߿߿ޕ‬㔀ߥ᭴ᢥ߿࠼ࠗ࠷⺆․᦭ߩ⸒޿࿁ߒࠍୃᓧߒߡ࠼ࠗ࠷⺆ߦࠃࠆ⴫⃻ജࠍߐࠄߦિ߫ߒ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ȉǤȄᛖႆ᪦๫፼Ტࢸ஖᧏ᜒᲦᡵᲫ‫ׅ‬ᲦᲬҥˮᲦረ߃ЎܴᲣᣣᧄੱߦߪ㔍ߒ޿࠼ࠗ࠷⺆ߩ୘‫⊒ߩޘ‬㖸߿ᢥ࡟ࡌ࡞ߢߩᒝᒙࠕࠢ࠮ࡦ࠻㧘㜞ૐࠕࠢ࠮ࡦ࠻ߥߤࠍ฽߻࠼ࠗ࠷⺆ߩ࡝࠭ࡓࠍቇ⠌ߒ㧘ᱜ⏕ߦ⊒㖸ߢ߈ࠆࠃ߁ߦታ〣⊛✵⠌ࠍⴕ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ȉǤȄᛖȪǹȋȳǰ๫፼íᲢᡵᲫ‫ׅ‬ᲦᲬҥˮᲦረ߃ЎܴᲣƆ࠯঺ᲬᲮ࠰ࡇ᧏ᜒʖ‫ܭ‬Ƈ࠼ࠗ࠷⺆ߩᢥ┨ࠍ⡞߈ขࠆ㓙ߦᔅⷐߥࡐࠗࡦ࠻ࠍቇ߮ߥ߇ࠄ㧘ታ〣⊛ߥ✵⠌ࠍⴕ޿㧘࡝ࠬ࠾ࡦࠣ⢻ജߩะ਄ࠍ
߼ߑߒ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ȉǤȄᛖȪǹȋȳǰ๫፼îᲢЭ஖᧏ᜒᲦᡵᲫ‫ׅ‬ᲦᲬҥˮᲦረ߃ЎܴᲣ࠼ࠗ࠷⺆࡝ࠬ࠾ࡦࠣṶ⠌Σߩౝኈࠍߐࠄߦ㜞߼㧘ᢥ┨ߩࠬࡇ࡯࠼㧘ౝኈ㧘⹤ߔੱߥߤࠍᄙ᭽ൻߒ㧘ߐ߹ߑ߹ߥ
ࠪ࠴ࡘࠛ࡯࡚ࠪࡦߩ࠼ࠗ࠷⺆ߦኻᔕߢ߈ࠆ࡝ࠬ࠾ࡦࠣ⢻ജࠍ㙃ᚑߒ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬  

Φ㜞ᐕᰴጁୃኻ⽎⑼⋡᝼ᬺౝኈ⸒⺆ᢥൻ⥄↱ㆬᛯ⑼⋡㧔⸒⺆ᢥൻ⑼⋡Τ㧘ᄖ࿖⺆ࠦࡒࡘ࠾ࠤ࡯࡚ࠪࡦ⑼⋡ߩ⺒ᦧ⑼⋡㧕λᧉȉǤȄᛖᲢࢸ஖᧏ᜒᲦᡵᲫ‫ׅ‬ᲦᲬҥˮᲦረ߃ЎܴᲣ╙㧟ᄖ࿖⺆╬ߣߒߡ㧘ೋ߼ߡ࠼ࠗ࠷⺆ࠍቇ⠌ߔࠆੱࠍኻ⽎ߦߒߚ⑼⋡ߢߔ‫⊒ޕ‬㖸߅ࠃ߮ၮᧄ⊛ߥᢥᴺ㧘߿ߐߒ޿ᢥ┨ࠍቇ߱ೋᱠ߆ࠄᆎ߼߹ߔ߇㧘᝼ᬺߩኒᐲ࡮ㅴᐲߪ㧘ඨᐕߢ࠼ࠗ࠷⺆ᬌቯ㧠⚖ߦวᩰߔࠆ࡟ࡌ࡞ߦ⋡ᮡࠍ⟎߈߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ȉǤȄᛖ‫ח‬ƷᚕᛖƱ૨҄ᲢᡵᲫ‫ׅ‬ᲦᲬҥˮᲦረ߃ЎܴᲣƆ࠯঺ᲬᲮ࠰ࡇ᧏ᜒʖ‫ܭ‬Ƈ࠼ࠗ࠷ߪ߽ߣࠃࠅࠬࠗࠬ߿ࠝ࡯ࠬ࠻࡝ࠕߥߤߩ࠼ࠗ࠷⺆߇⹤ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ࿾ၞߩᢥൻ࡮ᱧผ࡮␠ળߥߤࠍᄙᣇ㕙߆ࠄቇ߮߹ߔ‫ޕ‬᭽‫ࠄ߆ࠕࠖ࠺ࡔߥޘ‬ᢎ᧚ࠍㆬᛯߒ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬Ƃਃ࢘૙ՃᲢ࠯঺ᲬᲭ࠰ࡇᲣ ƃ‫ ޢ‬᣼ᡶǫǹȤȳᲦ᲻5

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ߣߒߡ߽Ⓧᭂ⊛ߦᵴ↪ߒߡߊߛߐ޿‫ޕ‬ȕȩȳǹᛖ˺૨ǳȸǹᲢࢸ஖᧏ᜒᲦᡵᲫ‫ׅ‬ᲦᲬҥˮᲦረ߃ЎܴᲣࡈ࡜ࡦࠬ⺆ߩၮ␆ࠍୃᓧߒߚቇ↢ࠍኻ⽎ߦ㧘ࡈ࡜ࡦࠬ⺆ࠄߒ޿ࡈ࡜ࡦࠬ⺆ࠍ✄ࠆߚ߼ߩࡐࠗࡦ࠻ࠍᚻ߶ߤ߈ߒ߹
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ȪǷȥȸᲦᲽᲨ
ᲤҮƸ᩼ࠝѮᜒࠖΦ㜞ᐕᰴጁୃኻ⽎⑼⋡᝼ᬺౝኈ⸒⺆ᢥൻ⥄↱ㆬᛯ⑼⋡㧔⸒⺆ᢥൻ⑼⋡Τ㧘ᄖ࿖⺆ࠦࡒࡘ࠾ࠤ࡯࡚ࠪࡦ⑼⋡ߩ⺒ᦧ⑼⋡㧕ɶ‫׎‬ᛖᎥƖӕǓíᲢЭ஖᧏ᜒᲦᡵᲫ‫ׅ‬ᲦᲬҥˮᲦረ߃ЎܴᲣਛ࿖⺆ߩ߿߿㜞ᐲߥ⡞߈ขࠅ⢻ജߩୃᓧࠍ⋡⊛ߣߒ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ౝኈߪේೣߣߒߡ⸒⺆ᢥൻၮ␆⑼⋡ߩਛ࿖⺆㧸㧸ߩᰴߩᲑ㓏ߦ޽ߚࠅ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ɶ‫׎‬ᛖᎥƖӕǓîᲢᡵᲫ‫ׅ‬ᲦᲬҥˮᲦረ߃ЎܴᲣƆ࠯঺ᲬᲮ࠰ࡇ᧏ᜒʖ‫ܭ‬Ƈਛ࿖⺆⡞߈ขࠅΣߩၮ␆ߩ਄ߦ㧘⡞߈ขࠅ⢻ജࠍ⊒ዷߐߖࠆߎߣࠍ߼ߑߒ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬Ƃਃ࢘૙ՃᲢ࠯঺ᲬᲭ࠰ࡇᲣ
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ᲤҮƸ᩼ࠝѮᜒࠖ  

Φ㜞ᐕᰴጁୃኻ⽎⑼⋡᝼ᬺౝኈ⸒⺆ᢥൻ⥄↱ㆬᛯ⑼⋡㧔⸒⺆ᢥൻ⑼⋡Τ㧘ᄖ࿖⺆ࠦࡒࡘ࠾ࠤ࡯࡚ࠪࡦ⑼⋡ߩ⺒ᦧ⑼⋡㧕ƂǹȚǤȳᛖƃλᧉǹȚǤȳᛖᲢЭ஖᧏ᜒᲦᡵᲫ‫ׅ‬ᲦᲬҥˮᲦረ߃ЎܴᲣࠬࡍࠗࡦ⺆ߩೋᔃ⠪ࠍኻ⽎ߦߒߚ⑼⋡ߢߔ‫ߩ⺆ࡦࠗࡍࠬޕ‬ᢥሼ㧘⊒㖸߆ࠄᆎ߼ߡᢥᴺߩၮ␆ࠍ߭ߣߣ߅ࠅቇ⠌ߒ߹ߔ‫߅ߥޕ‬㧘ߎߩ⑼⋡ߪ╙㧝޽ࠆ޿ߪ╙㧞ᄖ࿖⺆ߣߒߡࠬࡍࠗࡦ⺆એᄖߩ⸒⺆ࠍㆬᛯߒߚੱߒ߆ฃ⻠ߢ߈߹ߖࠎ‫ޕ‬ዮӳǹȚǤȳᛖ๫፼ᲢЭ஖᧏ᜒᲦᡵᲫ‫ׅ‬ᲦᲬҥˮᲦረ߃ЎܴᲣࠬࡍࠗࡦ⺆ߩ✚ว⢻ജ㧔⡞ߊ࡮⹤ߔ࡮⺒߻࡮ᦠߊ⢻ജ㧕ࠍࠬࡍࠗࡦ⺆࿤ߢ⵾૞ߐࠇߚᦨᣂߩᢎ᧚㧔&8&╬㧕ࠍ↪
޿ߡ㙃ᚑߒߡ޿߈߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ᘙྵǹȚǤȳᛖᲢࢸ஖᧏ᜒᲦᡵᲫ‫ׅ‬ᲦᲬҥˮᲦረ߃ЎܴᲣࠬࡍࠗࡦ⺆ߩᢥᴺ⍮⼂ࠍ߭ߣߣ߅ࠅりߦߟߌߚੱࠍኻ⽎ߦߒߚ૞ᢥࠢ࡜ࠬߢߔ‫ߦ․ޕ‬㧘ᣣᧄੱ߇ࠬࡍࠗࡦ⺆ࠍ૶↪ߔࠆ㓙ߦ㑆㆑߃߿ߔ޿㗄⋡ߦὶὐࠍ޽ߡ㧘ߘࠇࠄࠍᱜߒߊ૶޿ߎߥߖࠆࠃ߁๺ᢥ⷏⸶㧛⷏ᢥ๺⸶ߩ✵⠌ࠍⴕߞߡ޿߈߹ߔ‫ޕ‬଺ʙǹȚǤȳᛖᲢࢸ஖᧏ᜒᲦᡵᲫ‫ׅ‬ᲦᲬҥˮᲦረ߃ЎܴᲣࠬࡍࠗࡦ⺆࿤ߢ⊒ⴕߐࠇߚᣂ⡞࡮㔀⹹ߩ♖⺒ࠍㅢߒߡ㧘ࠬࡍࠗࡦ⺆࿤ߩ⃻⁁෸߮ᣣᧄߣࠬࡍࠗࡦ⺆࿤ߩ㑐ଥ㧘ߐࠄߦߪ࿖㓙␠ળߩേะ߇ࠬࡍࠗࡦ⺆࿤ߦ߅޿ߡߤߩࠃ߁ߦᝒ߃ࠄࠇߡ޿ࠆ߆ࠍ⠨ኤߒߡ޿߈߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ǹȚǤȳᛖ‫ח‬ƷᚕᛖƱ૨҄ᲢᡵᲫ‫ׅ‬ᲦᲬҥˮᲦረ߃ЎܴᲣƆ࠯঺ᲬᲮ࠰ࡇ᧏ᜒʖ‫ܭ‬Ƈࠬࡍࠗࡦ⺆ߩ✚ว⢻ജ㧔⡞ߊ࡮⹤ߔ࡮⺒߻࡮ᦠߊ⢻ജ㧕ߩ߁ߜ㧘․ߦ‫ޟ‬⡞ߊ‫ޠ߻⺒ޟޠ‬ജߩะ਄ߣࠬࡍࠗࡦ⺆࿤ߩ␠ળ࡮ᢥൻ⊛ᄙ᭽ᕈࠍℂ⸃ߔࠆߎߣࠍ⋡⊛ߣߒ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬Ƃਃ࢘૙ՃᲢ࠯঺ᲬᲭ࠰ࡇᲣ
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ᲤҮƸ᩼ࠝѮᜒࠖƂǤȳȉȍǷǢᛖƃλᧉǤȳȉȍǷǢᛖíᲢЭ஖᧏ᜒᲦᡵᲫ‫ׅ‬ᲦᲬҥˮᲦረ߃ЎܴᲣࠗࡦ࠼ࡀࠪࠕ⺆ࠍೋ߼ߡቇ⠌ߔࠆੱࠍኻ⽎ߦߒߚ⑼⋡ߢߔ‫౒ࠕࠪࡀ࠼ࡦࠗߪ⺆ࠕࠪࡀ࠼ࡦࠗޕ‬๺࿖ߩ౒ㅢ⺆ߣߒߡᄙߊߩੱ‫ࠅ߅ߡࠇߐ⹤ߦޘ‬㧘ࡑ࡟࡯ࠪࠕߢ⹤ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆࡑ࡟࡯ࠪࠕ⺆ߣ㧘ࠪࡦࠟࡐ࡯࡞ߣࡉ࡞ࡀࠗߢ⹤ߐࠇߡ޿
ࠆࡑ࡟࡯⺆ߣ߽㕖Ᏹߦࠃߊૃߚ⸒⺆ߢߔߩߢ㧘ߘࠇࠄߩ㓞࿖ߢ߽ㅢߓ߹ߔ‫ߪ⸥⴫ޕ‬㧘ࠕ࡞ࡈࠔࡌ࠶࠻ߢ㧘ߒ߆߽ࡠ࡯ࡑሼ⺒ߺߔࠇ߫ߛ޿ߚ޿ㅢߓࠆߩߢ⊒㖸߽᭴ㅧ߽Ყセ⊛◲නߢߔ‫ޕ‬ᢥሼߩ⊒㖸߆ࠄᆎ߼㧘ೋᱠ⊛ߥᢥᴺ߿ᢥ┨ࠍ૶ߞߡࠗࡦ࠼ࡀࠪࠕ⺆ߩᣣᏱળ⹤߿ᣏⴕߩᤨᓎߦ┙ߟળ⹤ߩୃᓧࠍ⋡ᮡߣߒ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬᝼ᬺߪ㧘ญ㗡ߩ✵⠌໧㗴ࠍਛᔃߦㅴ߼߹ߔ‫ޕ‬λᧉǤȳȉȍǷǢᛖîᲢࢸ஖᧏ᜒᲦᡵᲫ‫ׅ‬ᲦᲬҥˮᲦረ߃ЎܴᲣ౉㐷ࠗࡦ࠼ࡀࠪࠕ⺆Σߦᒁ߈⛯߈㧘ߐࠄߦ৻ᱠㅴࠎߛࠗࡦ࠼ࡀࠪࠕ⺆ߩၮᧄ⊛ߥᢥᴺ߿᭴ᢥߣࠗࡦ࠼ࡀࠪࠕੱߦ
಴ળߞߚࠄߔߋߦ૶߃ࠆ↢߈ߚࠗࡦ࠼ࡀࠪࠕ⺆ߩୃᓧࠍ⋡ᮡߣߒ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ၮᧄ⊛ߥ᭴ᢥࠍⷡ߃ߡ㧘ቇࠎߛ⺆ᒵࠍ૶ߞߡ㧘᭽‫ߥޘ‬႐㕙ߩળ⹤ࠍ૞ߞߡ✵⠌ߒ㧘ࠃࠅࠬࡓ࡯࠭ߦࠗࡦ࠼ࡀࠪࠕ⺆ߢߩࠦࡒࡘ࠾ࠤ࡯࡚ࠪࡦࠍߪ߆ࠆࠃ߁ߦ߼
ߑߒ߹ߔ‫ߚ߹ޕ‬㧘ળ⹤ߩ⢛᥊ߦ޽ࠆࠗࡦ࠼ࡀࠪࠕߩᢥൻ߿↢ᵴ⠌ᘠߦ߽㓐ᤨ⸅ࠇߡ޿߈ߚ޿ߣᕁ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬Ƃਃ࢘૙ՃᲢ࠯঺ᲬᲭ࠰ࡇᲣᢒᕲ ȕǡȓǪȩ

ƃᲤҮƸ᩼ࠝѮᜒࠖ  

Φ㜞ᐕᰴጁୃኻ⽎⑼⋡᝼ᬺౝኈ⸒⺆ᢥൻ⥄↱ㆬᛯ⑼⋡㧔⸒⺆ᢥൻ⑼⋡Τ㧘ᄖ࿖⺆ࠦࡒࡘ࠾ࠤ࡯࡚ࠪࡦ⑼⋡ߩ⺒ᦧ⑼⋡㧕ƂǤǿȪǢᛖƃλᧉǤǿȪǢᛖíᲢЭ஖᧏ᜒᲦᡵᲫ‫ׅ‬ᲦᲬҥˮᲦረ߃ЎܴᲣࠗ࠲࡝ࠕ⺆ࠍೋ߼ߡቇ⠌ߔࠆੱࠍኻ⽎ߣߒ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ᢥሼ㧘⊒㖸㧘ᢥᴺߩၮ␆ࠍቇ⠌ߒߥ߇ࠄ㧘ታ↪⊛ߥࠗ࠲࡝ࠕ⺆ߩୃᓧࠍ⋡⊛ߣߒ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬⊒㖸ߣ⴫⸥㧘ቯ౰⹖ߣਇቯ౰⹖㧘ฬ⹖ߣᒻኈ⹖ߩᄌൻ㧘̌GUUGTG̍ߣ̌CXGTG̍േ⹖ࠍ૶ߞߚ⦡‫⃻⴫ߥޘ‬㧘േ⹖㧔ਇⷙೣേ⹖߽฽߼ߡ㧕ߩ⃻࿷ᒻ㧘㑐ଥઍฬ⹖㧘೽⹖ߥߤ‫ޕ‬λᧉǤǿȪǢᛖîᲢࢸ஖᧏ᜒᲦᡵᲫ‫ׅ‬ᲦᲬҥˮᲦረ߃ЎܴᲣ೨ᦼߦ߅ߌࠆቇ⠌ౝኈߩℂ⸃ࠍᷓ߼ߥ߇ࠄ㧘ਛ⚖࡟ࡌ࡞߹ߢߩࠗ࠲࡝ࠕ⺆ᢥᴺ㧔ㆊ෰ᒻ߿ㅴⴕᒻߥߤ㧕ࠍቇ⠌ߒ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬නߥࠆᢥ┨ߩᥧ⸥ߢߪߥߊ㧘ᢥᴺߩၮ␆⍮⼂ࠍᔕ↪ߒ㧘૞ᢥ߿ળ⹤ࠍน⢻ߦߔࠆߎߣ߇⋡⊛ߢߔ‫ޕ‬Ƃਃ࢘૙ՃᲢ࠯঺ᲬᲭ࠰ࡇᲣ
Ȟȭȸȍ᳆

ƃᲤҮƸ᩼ࠝѮᜒࠖƂǪȩȳȀᛖƃᡮ̲ǪȩȳȀᛖíᲢЭ஖᧏ᜒᲦᨼɶᜒ፯ᲦᲬҥˮᲦረ߃ЎܴᲣࠝ࡜ࡦ࠳⺆ࠍೋ߼ߡቇ⠌ߔࠆੱࠍኻ⽎ߦߒߚ⑼⋡ߢߔ‫ࠅ߅ߡࠇߐ⹤ߢߤߥ࡯ࠡ࡞ࡌ߿࠳ࡦ࡜ࠝߪ⺆࠳ࡦ࡜ࠝޕ‬㧘⧷⺆߿࠼ࠗ࠷⺆ߦࠃߊૃߚ⸒⺆ߢߔ‫ޕ‬ೋᱠ⊛ߥᢥᴺ߿◲නߥᢥ┨ߩ⠌ᓧࠍ⋡ᮡߣߒ㧘ኻ⹤ᒻᑼߩ✵⠌ࠍਛᔃߦ᝼ᬺ
ࠍㅴ߼߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ᣣᧄߢߪ޽ࠇߛߌᄙߊߩੱ߇⧷⺆߿࠼ࠗ࠷⺆ࠍቇ⠌ߒߡ޿ࠆߩߦ㧘ࠝ࡜ࡦ࠳⺆ߩߢ߈ࠆੱߪߏߊࠊߕ
߆ߒ߆޿߹ߖࠎ‫ࠍ⺆࠳ࡦ࡜߽ࠝࠎߐ⊝ޕ‬ቇࠎߢߺ߹ߖࠎ߆㧫ᡮ̲ǪȩȳȀᛖîᲢᡵ‫ׅ‬ᲦᲬҥˮᲦረ߃ЎܴᲣƆ࠯঺࠰ࡇ᧏ᜒʖ‫ܭ‬Ƈ‫ޟ‬ㅦୃࠝ࡜ࡦ࠳⺆Σ‫ߦޠ‬ᒁ߈⛯߈㧘ၮ␆⊛ߥᢥᴺ߿ᐔᤃߥᢥ┨ߩ⠌ᓧࠍ⋡ᮡߣߒ㧘ኻ⹤✵⠌ࠍㅢߒߡ㧘ᣣᏱ⊛ߥࠦࡒࡘ࠾ࠤ࡯࡚ࠪࡦ⢻ജߩะ਄ࠍ߼ߑߒ߹ߔ‫ޟޕ‬ㅦୃࠝ࡜ࡦ࠳⺆Σ‫ࠍޠ‬ጁୃߒߚੱ߆ห⒟ᐲߩቇജߩ޽ࠆੱࠍኻ⽎ߦߒ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬Ƃਃ࢘૙ՃᲢ࠯঺ᲬᲭ࠰ࡇᲣဋ လ ፯ ʂƃƂǨǹȚȩȳȈƃ
ᡮ̲ǨǹȚȩȳȈíᲢЭ஖᧏ᜒᲦᨼɶᜒ፯ᲦᲬҥˮᲦረ߃ЎܴᲣࠛࠬࡍ࡜ࡦ࠻ࠍೋ߼ߡቇ⠌ߔࠆੱࠍኻ⽎ߦߒߚ⑼⋡ߢߔ‫ߪ࠻ࡦ࡜ࡍࠬࠛޕ‬ᐕߦࡐ࡯࡜ࡦ࠼ߩ⌒⑼කࠩࡔࡦࡎ
ࡈඳ჻ߦࠃߞߡ૞ࠄࠇߚੱᎿ࿖㓙⺆ߢߔ‫ੱޕ‬Ꮏ⺆ߥߩߢਇⷙೣᄌൻ߿଀ᄖ߇ߥߊ㧘㕖Ᏹߦ⠌ᓧߒ߿ߔ޿⸒⺆ߢߔ‫ޕ‬࡛࡯ࡠ࠶ࡄ⸒⺆ߩ᭴ㅧߦ⥝๧߇޽ࠆੱ㧘੹߹ߢቇ⠌ߒߚᄖ࿖⺆߇߽ߩߦߥࠄߥ߆ߞߚ߇㧘૗߆ᣣᧄ⺆એᄖߩ⸒⺆߇⹤ߖࠆࠃ߁ߦߥࠅߚ޿ੱ㧘⧷⺆ߣࠕࡔ࡝ࠞ߳ߩ৻ᭂ㓸ਛߦਇḩߥੱߦ߅൘߼ߢߔ‫ޕ‬ᡮ̲ǨǹȚȩȳȈîᲢᡵ‫ׅ‬ᲦᲬҥˮᲦረ߃ЎܴᲣƆ࠯঺࠰ࡇ᧏ᜒʖ‫ܭ‬Ƈ‫ޟ‬ㅦୃࠛࠬࡍ࡜ࡦ࠻Σ‫ࠍޠ‬ጁୃߒߚੱ߆ห⒟ᐲߩቇജߩ޽ࠆੱࠍኻ⽎ߦߒ߹ߔ‫ޟޕ‬ㅦୃࠛࠬࡍ࡜ࡦ࠻Σ‫ߦޠ‬ᒁ߈⛯߈㧘ߐࠄߦㅴࠎߛᢥᴺቇ⠌㧘ળ⹤✵⠌ߩઁߦ࡝ࠬ࠾ࡦࠣߩ⸠✵߿㧘⺒⸃Ṷ⠌ࠍ੍ቯߒߡ޿߹ߔ‫↢ߩࡈࡎࡦࡔࠩޕ‬ᶦ㧘ࠛࠬࡍ࡜ࡦ࠻ේ૞ᢥቇ㧘⸒⺆Ꮲ࿖ਥ⟵╬ߦߟ޿ߡ߽㓐ᤨ⸅ࠇߡ޿߈߹ߔ‫ޕ‬Ƃਃ࢘૙ՃᲢ࠯঺ᲬᲭ࠰ࡇᲣဋ လ ፯ ʂƃ  

ᲮᲨͤࡍȷǹȝȸȄᅹ‫ܖ‬ᅹႸᲢ࠯঺ᲫᲱ࠰ࡇˌЭλ‫ܖ‬ᎍᲴͤࡍȷǹȝȸȄᅹ‫ܖ‬ᅹႸîƷᛠஆᅹႸᲣ
ஜᐽ࡮ࠬࡐ࡯࠷⑼ቇ⑼⋡ߢߪ㧘㧝ᐕᰴᓟᦼ߆ࠄ㧘‫ޟ‬り૕ㆇേ⑼ቇታ⠌Σ࡮Τ࡮Υ࡮Φ‫ޠ‬㧘‫ޟ‬ஜᐽ࡮ࠬࡐ࡯࠷⑼ቇ⻠⟵Σ࡮Τ‫ޠ‬߇㐿⻠ߐࠇߡ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ஜᐽ࡮ࠬࡐ࡯࠷⑼ቇ⑼⋡ߩ߁ߜ㜞ᐕᰴ↢ࠍኻ⽎ߦ㐿⻠ߐࠇࠆ⑼⋡ߪ㧘ਅ⸥ߩߣ߅ࠅߢߔ‫ޕ‬Ƃ ᅹႸƷᛠஆ Ტ࠯঺ᲫᲱ࠰ࡇˌЭλ‫ܖ‬ᎍ‫ݣ‬ᝋᲣƃஜᐽ࡮ࠬࡐ࡯࠷⑼ቇ⑼⋡Τߪ㧘ஜᐽ࡮ࠬࡐ࡯࠷⑼ቇ⑼⋡ࠍୃᓧߔࠆߎߣߦࠃࠅ⺒ߺᦧ߃ࠄࠇ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬㧞㧤㗁એ㒠㧔Χ㧚⑼⋡ߩ⺒ᦧߦߟ޿ߡ㧕ࠍෳᾖߩ߁߃ጁୃߒߡߊߛߐ޿‫ޕ‬៲˳ᢃѣᅹ‫ܱܖ‬፼ï ƂᲫҥˮƃᲢЭȷࢸ஖᧏ᜒᲦ˙ᣃ‫ע‬ғȷረ߃‫ע‬ғᲣ↢ᶦߦࠊߚߞߡࠬࡐ࡯࠷ࠍታ〣ߒߡ޿ߊߚ߼ߩၮ␆⊛⢻ജ߿ᘒᐲࠍ㙃ᚑߔࠆߎߣ߇ᧄታ⠌ߩ⋡⊛ߢߔ‫ޕ‬ᛛ⢻ߩ㜞ᐲൻࠍ߼ߑߔߎߣࠍㅢߓߡ㧘ஜᐽߠߊࠅ߿↢ᶦࠬࡐ࡯࠷߳ߩേᯏߠߌߣߘߩ⛮⛯⊛ታ〣ࠍផㅴߒߡ޿ߊߚ߼ߩᣇᴺࠍቇ⠌ߔࠆߎߣߦߥࠅ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬៲˳ᢃѣᅹ‫ܱܖ‬፼ð ƂᲫҥˮƃᲢЭȷࢸ஖᧏ᜒᲦ˙ᣃ‫ע‬ғȷረ߃‫ע‬ғᲣ↢ᶦߦࠊߚߞߡࠬࡐ࡯࠷ࠍታ〣ߒߡ޿ߊߚ߼ߩၮ␆⊛⢻ജ߿ᘒᐲࠍ㙃ᚑߔࠆߣߣ߽ߦ㧘ߐࠄߦߪ↢ᶦቇ⠌␠ળߦ߅޿
ߡࠬࡐ࡯࠷ߩቇ⠌߇᦭ߔࠆᗧ๧㧘ᗧ⟵ߥߤߦߟ޿ߡℂ⸃ࠍᷓ߼߹ߔ‫ߚ߹ޕ‬㧘ੱ‫ߩޘ‬ஜᐽߠߊࠅ߿↢ᶦࠬࡐ࡯࠷߳ߩേᯏ
ߠߌߣߘߩ⛮⛯⊛ታᣉࠍផㅴߒߡ޿ߊߚ߼ߩࡁ࠙ࡂ࠙ߦߟ޿ߡ߽ቇ߮߹ߔ‫ޕ‬Ƃਃ࢘૙ՃᲢ࠯঺ᲬᲭ࠰ࡇᲣ ƃ༇ ᜿ ᅸ ɤன ‫̀ ޛ‬

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ᨺ௎ႺʬΦ㧚㜞ᐕᰴጁୃኻ⽎⑼⋡᝼ᬺౝኈஜᐽ࡮ࠬࡐ࡯࠷⑼ቇ⑼⋡㧔ஜᐽ࡮ࠬࡐ࡯࠷⑼ቇ⑼⋡Τߩ⺒ᦧ⑼⋡㧕ᲢᲫᲣረ߃‫ע‬ғ᧏ᜒᅹႸ
᝼ᬺ⑼⋡ฬࡃ࠼ࡒࡦ࠻ࡦ៲˳ ᢃѣ ᅹ‫ ܱ ܖ‬፼ïࡃ࠼ࡒࡦ࠻ࡦ
ઁࡃ࠼ࡒࡦ࠻ࡦ៲˳ ᢃѣ ᅹ‫ ܱ ܖ‬፼ðࡃ࠼ࡒࡦ࠻ࡦ
ઁ

ᜂᒰᢎຬ
ᯅᧄ౏㓶

᧖ጊ૫↢

ᯅᧄ౏㓶

᧖ጊ૫↢

᝼

ᬺ

ౝ

ኈ

ᧄ᝼ᬺߪ‫ߩࡦ࠻ࡦࡒ࠼ࡃޔ‬ᛛⴚ⠌ᓧࠍㅢߒߡㆇേࠍᭉߒ߻ᘒᐲࠍ
㙃ᚑߔࠆߣߣ߽ߦੱ㑆㑐ଥࠍଦㅴߔࠆࠦ࡯ࠬߢߔ‫ޕ‬ೋᔃ⠪ߣ⚻㛎⠪߇ฃ⻠ߒ߹ߔߩߢ‫⚻ޔ‬㛎⠪ߪೋᔃ⠪ߩࠨࡐ࡯࠻ࠍⴕ߁ߣߣ߽ߦ‫ޔ‬ታ〣⊛ߥࠥ࡯ࡓࠍߣ߅ߒߡࠃࠅ㜞ᐲߥᛛⴚ⠌ᓧࠍ⋡ᜰߒ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ೋᔃ⠪ߪᛛⴚ⠌ᓧࠍㅢߒߡ‫ޔ‬ㆇേߩᭉߒߐ߿ㆇേࠍ↢ᶦߦࠊߚߞߡขࠅ౉
ࠇߡ޿ߊᘒᐲࠍりߦߟߌࠆߣߣ߽ߦ‫ޔ‬ฃ⻠↢ห჻ߩࠦࡒࡘ࠾ࠤ࡯ࠪ
࡚ࡦࠍ࿑ߞߡ޿߈߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ࡃ࠼ࡒࡦ࠻ࡦߪ㧘ሶߤ߽߆ࠄ㜞㦂⠪߹ߢ᳇シߦⴕ߁ߎߣ߇ߢ߈ࠆ
ࠬࡐ࡯࠷ߢߔ߇㧘ߘߩ৻ᣇߢ㧘ᄙ᭽ߥᛛⴚࠍ㚟૶ߒߡỗߒߊⴕ߁ߎ
ߣ߽ߢ߈ࠆࠬࡐ࡯࠷ߢߔ‫ᧄޕ‬᝼ᬺߢߪ㧘ࡃ࠼ࡒࡦ࠻ࡦߩᛛⴚߩቇ⠌߿ࠪࡦࠣ࡞ࠬ࡮࠳ࡉ࡞ࠬࠥ࡯ࡓߩታ〣ࠍㅢߒߡ㧘り૕ㆇേ࡮ࠬࡐ࡯
࠷ᵴേ߇ᜬߟߐ߹ߑ߹ߥஜᐽ⊛ᗧ⟵߿↢ᶦ⊒㆐⊛ᗧ⟵ߦኻߔࠆℂ⸃ࠍᷓ߼ߡ޿ߊߎߣࠍ⋡ᮡߣߒ߹ߔ‫ߦ․ޕ‬㧘ࠦࡒࡘ࠾ࠤ࡯࡚ࠪࡦࠬࠠ
࡞ߩะ਄ߣ޿ߞߚ␠ળᔃℂ⊛஥㕙߳ߩലᨐߦᵈ⋡ߒߡ㧘ㆇേᵴേࠍ
ታᣉߒߡ޿߈߹ߔ‫߅ߥޕ‬㧘ᣉ⸳ߩㇺวߦࠃࠅ㧘ථ⃿╬ߩ⒳⋡߇ㅊടߐࠇࠆߎߣ߽޽ࠅ߹ߔ ‫ޕ‬ᧄ᝼ᬺߪ‫ߩࡦ࠻ࡦࡒ࠼ࡃޔ‬ᛛⴚ⠌ᓧࠍㅢߒߡㆇേࠍᭉߒ߻ᘒᐲࠍ
㙃ᚑߔࠆߣߣ߽ߦੱ㑆㑐ଥࠍଦㅴߔࠆࠦ࡯ࠬߢߔ‫ޕ‬ೋᔃ⠪ߣ⚻㛎⠪߇ฃ⻠ߒ߹ߔߩߢ‫⚻ޔ‬㛎⠪ߪೋᔃ⠪ߩࠨࡐ࡯࠻ࠍⴕ߁ߣߣ߽ߦ‫ޔ‬ታ〣⊛ߥࠥ࡯ࡓࠍߣ߅ߒߡࠃࠅ㜞ᐲߥᛛⴚ⠌ᓧࠍ⋡ᜰߒ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ೋᔃ⠪ߪᛛⴚ⠌ᓧࠍㅢߒߡ‫ޔ‬ㆇേߩᭉߒߐ߿ㆇേࠍ↢ᶦߦࠊߚߞߡขࠅ౉
ࠇߡ޿ߊᘒᐲࠍりߦߟߌࠆߣߣ߽ߦ‫ޔ‬ฃ⻠↢ห჻ߩࠦࡒࡘ࠾ࠤ࡯ࠪ
࡚ࡦࠍ࿑ߞߡ޿߈߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ࡃ࠼ࡒࡦ࠻ࡦߪ㧘ሶߤ߽߆ࠄ㜞㦂⠪߹ߢ᳇シߦⴕ߁ߎߣ߇ߢ߈ࠆ
ࠬࡐ࡯࠷ߢߔ߇㧘ߘߩ৻ᣇߢ㧘ᄙ᭽ߥᛛⴚࠍ㚟૶ߒߡỗߒߊⴕ߁ߎ
ߣ߽ߢ߈ࠆࠬࡐ࡯࠷ߢߔ‫ᧄޕ‬᝼ᬺߢߪ㧘ࡃ࠼ࡒࡦ࠻ࡦߩᛛⴚߩቇ⠌߿ࠪࡦࠣ࡞ࠬ࡮࠳ࡉ࡞ࠬࠥ࡯ࡓߩታ〣ࠍㅢߒߡ㧘り૕ㆇേ࡮ࠬࡐ࡯
࠷ᵴേ߇ᜬߟߐ߹ߑ߹ߥஜᐽ⊛ᗧ⟵߿↢ᶦ⊒㆐⊛ᗧ⟵ߦኻߔࠆℂ⸃ࠍᷓ߼ߡ޿ߊߎߣࠍ⋡ᮡߣߒ߹ߔ‫ߦ․ޕ‬㧘ࠦࡒࡘ࠾ࠤ࡯࡚ࠪࡦࠬࠠ
࡞ߩะ਄ߣ޿ߞߚ␠ળᔃℂ⊛஥㕙߳ߩലᨐߦᵈ⋡ߒߡ㧘ㆇേᵴേࠍ
ታᣉߒߡ޿߈߹ߔ‫߅ߥޕ‬㧘ᣉ⸳ߩㇺวߦࠃࠅ㧘ථ⃿╬ߩ⒳⋡߇ㅊടߐࠇࠆߎߣ߽޽ࠅ߹ߔ ‫ޕ‬㐿⻠ቇᦼኻ⽎㧔ᦐᣣᤨ㒢㧕 ቇᐕ

஻
⠨
㧔࠹ࠠࠬ࠻
ㆇേߩߢ߈ࠆ
᦯ⵝߢෳടߔ
ࠆߎߣ‫ޕ‬૕⢒㙚ࠪࡘ࡯࠭ࠍ
ጁ޿ߡߊࠆߎ
ߣ‫ޕ‬

೨ ᦼ
㧔Ἣ㧝㧕

ᓟ ᦼ
㧔Ἣ㧝㧕
ᢥ࡮ℂ
㧟ᐕએ਄

ㆇേߩߢ߈ࠆ
᦯ⵝߢෳടߔ
ࠆߎߣ‫ޕ‬૕⢒㙚ࠪࡘ࡯࠭ࠍ
ጁ޿ߡߊࠆߎ
ߣ‫ޕ‬

೨ ᦼ
㧔Ἣ㧝㧕

ᓟ ᦼ
㧔Ἣ㧝㧕

ᲢᲬᲣ˙ᣃ‫ע‬ғ᧏ᜒᅹႸ
᝼ᬺ⑼⋡ฬ✚วဳࠬࡐ࡯࠷៲˳ ᢃѣ ᅹ‫ ܱ ܖ‬፼ï✚วဳࠬࡐ࡯
࠷✚วဳࠬࡐ࡯࠷៲˳ ᢃѣ ᅹ‫ ܱ ܖ‬፼ð✚วဳࠬࡐ࡯
࠷

ᜂᒰᢎຬ

᝼

ᬺ

ౝ

ኈ

ᾢ ⼱ ⑺ ਃ ߎߎߢߪ㧘ㆇേ߿ࠬࡐ࡯࠷ᔒะᕈ߇㜞ߊ㧘ⶄᢙߩࠬࡐ࡯࠷߿૕ജ࠻
࡟࡯࠾ࡦࠣࠍታ〣ߒߡߺߚ޿ቇ↢ࠍኻ⽎ߣߒߚዋੱᢙ㧔ฬ⒟ᐲ㧕ߩ᝼ᬺࠍዷ㐿ߔࠆ‫ޕ‬ቶౝߩࠬࡐ࡯࠷⒳⋡ߣߒߡߪ㧘Ԙࡃ࡟࡯㧘ԙࡃ࠼ࡒࡦ࠻ࡦࠍ㧘ࠕ࠙࠻࠼ࠕ࡯ࠬࡐ࡯࠷ߣߒߡ࠹࠾ࠬߥߤࠍⴕ߁‫ߐޕ‬ࠄߦ㧘ၮᧄ⊛ߥㆇേᛛⴚߣߒߡߩ࡜ࡦ࠾ࡦࠣ߿ฦ⒳ߩ૕ജ࠻࡟࡯࠾
ࡦࠣ߿ࠬ࠻࡟࠶࠴ࡦࠣߦട߃㧘߆ࠄߛ߶ߋߒࠍ฽߼ߚ࡝࡜ࠢ࠮࡯ࠪ
࡚ࡦᴺߥߤ߽ቇ⠌ߢ߈ࠆ‫ޕ‬ᨋ⋥੧ᧄ᝼ᬺߢߪ㧘ⶄᢙߩࠬࡐ࡯࠷⒳⋡ࠍⴕ߁ߎߣࠍㅢߒߡ㧘Ⓧᭂ⊛ߦቇ↢ห჻ߩࠦࡒࡘ࠾ࠤ࡯࡚ࠪࡦࠍߪ߆ࠅ㧘ਥ૕⊛ߦ቟ోߦࠬࡐ࡯࠷
ࠍⴕ߁ᘒᐲࠍ㙃߁ߎߣࠍ⋡⊛ߣߒߡ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬Ყセ⊛りㄭߢੱ᳇ߩ޽
ࠆࡃ࠼ࡒࡦ࠻ࡦ㧘ථ⃿㧘࠰ࡈ࠻ࡏ࡯࡞㧘࠰ࡈ࠻ࡃ࡟࡯ࡏ࡯࡞㧘࠙ࠚࠗ࠻࠻࡟࡯࠾ࡦࠣߩਛ߆ࠄ㧘ߢ߈ࠆߛߌฃ⻠⠪ߩᏗᦸߦวࠊߖߡᢙ
⒳⋡ࠍⴕ߁ߎߣߣߒ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ᓧᚻਇᓧᚻߦ㑐ࠊࠄߕ㧘ᭉߒߊ㧘ਥ૕⊛ߦࠬࡐ࡯࠷ᵴേߦෳടߒߚ޿ቇ↢ࠍ᱑ㄫߒ߹ߔᄤ୥߿ੱᢙߩㇺวߢ⒳⋡ߩᄌᦝ߇޽ࠅ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ᾢ ⼱ ⑺ ਃ ߎߎߢߪ㧘ㆇേ߿ࠬࡐ࡯࠷ᔒะᕈ߇㜞ߊ㧘ⶄᢙߩࠬࡐ࡯࠷߿૕ജ࠻
࡟࡯࠾ࡦࠣࠍታ〣ߒߡߺߚ޿ቇ↢ࠍኻ⽎ߣߒߚዋੱᢙ㧔ฬ⒟ᐲ㧕ߩ᝼ᬺࠍዷ㐿ߔࠆ‫ޕ‬ቶౝߩࠬࡐ࡯࠷⒳⋡ߣߒߡߪ㧘Ԙࡃ࡟࡯㧘ԙࡃ࠼ࡒࡦ࠻ࡦࠍ㧘ࠕ࠙࠻࠼ࠕ࡯ࠬࡐ࡯࠷ߣߒߡ࠹࠾ࠬߥߤࠍⴕ߁‫ߐޕ‬ࠄߦ㧘ၮᧄ⊛ߥㆇേᛛⴚߣߒߡߩ࡜ࡦ࠾ࡦࠣ߿ฦ⒳ߩ૕ജ࠻࡟࡯࠾
ࡦࠣ߿ࠬ࠻࡟࠶࠴ࡦࠣߦട߃㧘߆ࠄߛ߶ߋߒࠍ฽߼ߚ࡝࡜ࠢ࠮࡯ࠪ
࡚ࡦᴺߥߤ߽ቇ⠌ߢ߈ࠆ‫ޕ‬ᨋ⋥੧ᧄ᝼ᬺߢߪ㧘ⶄᢙߩࠬࡐ࡯࠷⒳⋡ࠍⴕ߁ߎߣࠍㅢߒߡ㧘Ⓧᭂ⊛ߦቇ↢ห჻ߩࠦࡒࡘ࠾ࠤ࡯࡚ࠪࡦࠍߪ߆ࠅ㧘ਥ૕⊛ߦ቟ోߦࠬࡐ࡯࠷
ࠍⴕ߁ᘒᐲࠍ㙃߁ߎߣࠍ⋡⊛ߣߒߡ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬Ყセ⊛りㄭߢੱ᳇ߩ޽
ࠆࡃ࠼ࡒࡦ࠻ࡦ㧘ථ⃿㧘࠰ࡈ࠻ࡏ࡯࡞㧘࠰ࡈ࠻ࡃ࡟࡯ࡏ࡯࡞㧘࠙ࠚࠗ࠻࠻࡟࡯࠾ࡦࠣߩਛ߆ࠄ㧘ߢ߈ࠆߛߌฃ⻠⠪ߩᏗᦸߦวࠊߖߡᢙ
⒳⋡ࠍⴕ߁ߎߣߣߒ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ᓧᚻਇᓧᚻߦ㑐ࠊࠄߕ㧘ᭉߒߊ㧘ਥ૕⊛ߦࠬࡐ࡯࠷ᵴേߦෳടߒߚ޿ቇ↢ࠍ᱑ㄫߒ߹ߔᄤ୥߿ੱᢙߩㇺวߢ⒳⋡ߩᄌᦝ߇޽ࠅ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬  㐿⻠ቇᦼኻ⽎㧔ᦐᣣᤨ㒢㧕 ቇᐕⶄᢙߩࠬࡐ࡯
࠷߿ㆇേ㧘૕
ജ࠻࡟࡯࠾ࡦ
ࠣ㧘࡝࡜ࠢ࠮࡯
࡚ࠪࡦߥߤࠍ
ቇ⠌ߒߚ޿ቇ
↢ะߌߢߔ‫ޕ‬

೨ ᦼ
㧔Ἣ㧝㧕

ᓟ ᦼ
㧔Ἣ㧝㧕

஻
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㧔࠹ࠠࠬ࠻

ㆇേߔࠆߩߦ
ㆡߒߚ᦯ⵝߦ
⌕ᦧ߃ߡ಴Ꮸ
ߒߡߊߛߐᢥ࡮ℂ ޿‫ޕ‬
㧟ᐕએ਄

೨ ᦼ
㧔Ἣ㧝㧕

ᓟ ᦼ
㧔Ἣ㧝㧕

ⶄᢙߩࠬࡐ࡯
࠷߿ㆇേ㧘૕
ജ࠻࡟࡯࠾ࡦ
ࠣ㧘࡝࡜ࠢ࠮࡯
࡚ࠪࡦߥߤࠍ
ቇ⠌ߒߚ޿ቇ
↢ะߌߢߔ‫ޕ‬ㆇേߔࠆߩߦ
ㆡߒߚ᦯ⵝߦ
⌕ᦧ߃ߡ಴Ꮸߒߡߊߛߐ޿‫ޕ‬㸋䋮⑼⋡䈱⺒ᦧ䈮䈧䈇䈩䋨ᐔᚑ䋱䋷ᐕᐲએ೨౉ቇ⠪ኻ⽎䋩㩷䇭ᐔᚑ䋱䋸ᐕᐲ䈎䉌ోቇᢎ⢒⑼⋡䈱䉦䊥䉨䊠䊤䊛䈏ᡷᱜ䈘䉏䉁䈚䈢䇯䈖䈱䈢䉄䋬ᐔᚑ䋱䋸ᐕᐲએ㒠౉ቇ⠪䉕ኻ⽎䈮㐿⻠䈘䉏䉎⑼⋡䉕ୃᓧ䈜䉎䈖䈫䈮䉋䉍䋬ᐔᚑ䋱䋷ᐕᐲએ೨౉ቇ⠪䈱⑼⋡䈮⺒䉂ᦧ䈋䉌䉏䉁䈜䇯ਅ⸥䈮⸥タ䈘䉏䈩䈇䉎⑼⋡䈱⺒ᦧ৻ⷩ䈪䋬⺒
ᦧ⑼⋡䉕⏕⹺䈱਄䋬ጁୃ⸘↹䉕┙䈩䉎䉋䈉䈮䈚䈩䈒䈣䈘䈇䇯䇭䈭䈍䋬⺒ᦧ⑼⋡䈱ਛ䈮䈲䋬⺒䉂ᦧ䈋ᚻ⛯䈐䈏ᔅⷐ䈭⑼⋡䉅䈅䉍䉁䈜䇯ᚻ⛯䈐䈱⹦⚦䈲䋬೎ㅜ㈩Ꮣ䈜䉎䇸⑼⋡䈱⺒ᦧ䈮䈧䈇䈩䇹䉕ᾫ⺒䈱਄䋬↳⺧䈚䈩䈒䈣䈘䈇䇯୘೎ᢎ㙃⑼⋡
䇭୘೎ᢎ㙃⑼⋡䈲䋬⺖㗴⑼⋡෸䈶ਥ㗴⑼⋡䉕ୃᓧ䈜䉎䈖䈫䈮䉋䉍⺒䉂ᦧ䈋䉌䉏䉁䈜䇯䇭୘೎ᢎ㙃⑼⋡䈮䈧䈇䈩䈲䋬⺖㗴⑼⋡෸䈶ਥ㗴⑼⋡䈱೽㗴䈏⑼⋡ฬ䈫䈚䈩ᚑ❣䈮⸥タ䈘䉏䉁䈜䇯䈢䈣䈚䋬ᣢ䈮ୃᓧ䈚䈢୘೎ᢎ㙃⑼⋡䈫ห৻ฬ⒓䈱೽㗴䈱⑼⋡䈲ጁୃ䈜䉎䈖䈫䈏䈪䈐䉁䈞䉖䈱䈪䋬ᵈᗧ䈚䈩䈒䈣䈘䈇䇯
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㐿⻠⑼⋡
⺖㗴⑼⋡㸇

⺖
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㗴
㩷
⑼
㩷
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⺖㗴⑼⋡㸈
⺖㗴⑼⋡㸉
⺖㗴⑼⋡㸊
⺖㗴⑼⋡㸋
ᢥ♽ਥ㗴⑼⋡㸈ᢥ♽ਥ㗴⑼⋡㸊

୘
೎
ᢎ
㙃
⑼
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ᢥ♽ਥ㗴⑼⋡㸋ᢥ♽ਥ㗴⑼⋡㸌ᢥ♽ਥ㗴⑼⋡㸍
ਥ
䇭
㗴
䇭
⑼
䇭
⋡

ℂ♽ਥ㗴⑼⋡㸇ℂ♽ਥ㗴⑼⋡㸈ℂ♽ਥ㗴⑼⋡㸉ℂ♽ਥ㗴⑼⋡㸊ℂ♽ਥ㗴⑼⋡㸋ℂ♽ਥ㗴⑼⋡㸍ℂ♽ਥ㗴⑼⋡㸎೽䇭䇭䇭䇭䇭㗴
㪜㪬⺰ၮ␆㵪೙ᐲ䈫⚻ᷣ䉫䊨䊷䊋䊦ൻ䈫䉝䉳䉝⚻ᷣ䉝䊮䊃䊧䊒䊧䊅䊷䉲䉾䊒䊶䊐䉜䉟䊅䊮䉴ળ␠䈫䈲૗䈎䋬⿠ᬺ䈜䉎䈫䈲૗䈎䉕ቇ䈿䈉ੱ㑆ജ䋬࿖㓙ജ䋬⥄┙♖␹䉕䈧䈔䉋䈉⎇ⓥ䈫ᛛⴚ䈱䊙䊈䉳䊜䊮䊃Ꮏቇ䈫୶ℂ䊎䉳䊈䉴䈮䈍䈔䉎┹੎ఝ૏ᕈⅣႺ⺞๺ဳ␠ળ䈱᭴▽ᰴ਎ઍߩૐ὇⚛ࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯
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ᣣᧄ䊶䊂䉱䉟䊮
ᢥቇߣ⧓ⴚผᢱߢߺࠆᦺ㞲ਛ਎␠ળࠣࡠ࡯ࡃ࡝࠯࡯࡚ࠪࡦߩਛߩࠕࠫࠕߩᢎ⢒␠ળ↢ᵴߦ߅ߌࠆኻੱ㑐ଥ࿖㓙␠ળߣ޿߁‛⺆⃻ઍਛ࿖᡽ᴦ⺰ᖱႎᛛⴚ䈫⚻ᷣ␠ળㄭઍ⚻ᷣቇߩၮ␆
⚦⢩䈱ⶄ⵾䈫⊒↢䊶ಽൻ↢ᘒ♽ߩ᭴ㅧߣᯏ⢻ක≮⛔⸘ቇ䉲䉴䊁䊛䈫೙ᓮ
⥄ὼ⑼ቇ᭎⺰
ⅣႺ໧㗴䈫⥄ὼ⑼ቇ
ᣂ䈚䈇㵰䈒䈜䉍㵱䈻䈱㆏
ൻቇ⧷⺆
ᶏᵗቇ᭎⺰
ᖱႎ⑼ቇ䈱਎⇇⣖ᖱႎ⑼ቇ᭎⺰૕㛎ߢቇ߱ࠦࡒࡘ࠾ࠤ࡯࡚ࠪࡦߣᔃߩஜᐽ

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䇭䇭㶎䇭ᢎ⢒⡯ຬ఺⸵⁁䉕ขᓧ䈜䉎䈢䉄䈮ᔅⷐ䈭୘೎ᢎ㙃⑼⋡䇸ᣣᧄ࿖ᙗᴺ䇹㩿䋲㪀䈲䋬દㇺ࿾඙䈪㐿⻠䈘䉏䉎ᢥ♽䉮䉝⑼⋡䇭䇭䇭㩷䇸ᣣᧄ࿖ᙗᴺ䇹㩿䋲㪀䉕ጁୃ䈜䉎䈖䈫䈮䉋䉍⺒䉂ᦧ䈋䈏䈪䈐䉁䈜䇯䋨દㇺ࿾඙䈪㐿⻠䈘䉏䉎⑼⋡䈱⺒ᦧ䈱⹦⚦䈮䈧䈇䈩䈲䋬䇭䇭䇭ోቇᢎ⢒⺖ోቇᢎ⢒ᢎോଥ෶䈲ฦቇㇱቇ↢ଥ╬䈪㈩ઃ䈜䉎䇸⑼⋡䈱⺒ᦧ䈮䈧䈇䈩䇹䉕ෳᾖ䈚䈩䈒䈣䈘䈇䇯䋩

㸋䋮⑼⋡䈱⺒ᦧ䈮䈧䈇䈩䋨ᐔᚑ䋱䋷ᐕᐲએ೨౉ቇ⠪ኻ⽎䋩ᚕᛖ૨҄ᅹႸî䇭⸒⺆ᢥൻ⑼⋡㸈䈲⸒⺆ᢥൻ⥄↱ㆬᛯ⑼⋡䉕ୃᓧ䈜䉎䈖䈫䈮䉋䉍⺒䉂ᦧ䈋䉌䉏䉁䈜䇯
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⧷⺆䊥䉴䊆䊮䉫㸇
⧷⺆䊥䉴䊆䊮䉫㸈
⧷⺆䉣䉾䉶䉟䊶䊤䉟䊁䉞䊮䉫㸇⧷⺆䉣䉾䉶䉟䊶䊤䉟䊁䉞䊮䉫㸈⧷䇭䇭⺆ ᤨ੐⧷⺆⻠⺒⥄ὼ⑼ቇ⧷⺆⻠⺒䇭䇭㶎䋱
ੱᢥ⑼ቇ⧷⺆⻠⺒䇭䇭㶎䋱⧷⺆ᢥቇ⻠⺒ 䇭䇭䇭䇭㶎䋱⥄ὼ⑼ቇ⧷⺆⻠⺒䇭䇭㶎䋱
ੱᢥ⑼ቇ⧷⺆⻠⺒䇭䇭㶎䋱⧷⺆ᢥቇ⻠⺒ 䇭䇭䇭䇭㶎䋱ታ↪⧷⺆Ṷ⠌㸇䇭䇭䇭㩷㶎䋲ታ↪⧷⺆Ṷ⠌㸈䇭䇭䇭㩷㶎䋲

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䊄䉟䉿⺆ਛ⚖㸇㪉䊄䉟䉿⺆ਛ⚖㸈㪉䊄䉟䉿⺆࿤䈱⸒⺆䈫ᢥൻ㪉䊄䉟䉿⺆⸶⺒ᴺ㪉ㅦୃ䊄䉟䉿⺆
ᤨ੐䊄䉟䉿⺆

㪉㪉䊄䉟䉿⺆ળ⹤Ṷ⠌㪉౉㐷䊐䊤䊮䉴⺆
䊐䊤䊮䉴⺆૞ᢥ䉮䊷䉴䊐䊤䊮䉴⺆䊐䊤䊮䉴⺆⺒⸃䉮䊷䉴䊐䊤䊮䉴⺆ታ↪ળ⹤ㅦୃਛ࿖⺆㸇
ㅦୃਛ࿖⺆㸈ਛ࿖⺆ ਛ࿖⺆ญ⺆㸇ਛ࿖⺆ญ⺆㸈
ਛ࿖⺆⡬౮㸇
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䊨䉲䉝⺆ㅦୃ䊨䉲䉝⺆㸈ㅦୃᦺ㞲⺆ᦺ㞲⺆ᦺ㞲ඨፉ䈱⸒⺆䈫ᢥൻㅦୃ䉴䊕䉟䊮⺆
䉴䊕䉟䊮⺆࿤䈱⸒⺆䈫ᢥൻ䉴䊕䉟䊮⺆⴫⃻䉴䊕䉟䊮⺆
ᤨ੐䉴䊕䉟䊮⺆
䉟䊮䊄䊈䉲䉝 ㅦୃ䉟䊮䊄䊈䉲䉝⺆㸇⺆ㅦୃ䉟䊮䊄䊈䉲䉝⺆㸈䉥䊤䊮䉻⺆ၮ␆㸇䉥䊤䊮䉻⺆䉥䊤䊮䉻⺆ၮ␆㸈䉣䉴䊕䊤䊮䊃㸇
䉣䉴䊕䊤䊮䊃 䉣䉴䊕䊤䊮䊃㸈ㅦୃ䉣䉴䊕䊤䊮䊃

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䊄䉟䉿⺆

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㪉 䈇䈝䉏䈎䋱⑼⋡䈚䈎ጁୃ⧷⺆䊒䊧䉷䊮䊁䊷䉲䊢䊮㸇 㪉 䈪䈐䉁䈞䉖䇯⧷⺆ળ⹤㸈㪉 䈇䈝䉏䈎䋱⑼⋡䈚䈎ጁୃ⧷⺆䊒䊧䉷䊮䊁䊷䉲䊢䊮㸈 㪉 䈪䈐䉁䈞䉖䇯⧷⺆䊥䉴䊆䊮䉫㸇
㪉⧷⺆䊥䉴䊆䊮䉫㸈
㪉⧷⺆䊤䉟䊁䉞䊮䉫㸇㪉⧷⺆䊤䉟䊁䉞䊮䉫㸈㪉⧷䇭䇭⺆ ⧷⺆䊥䊷䊂䉞䊮䉫㸇
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⧷⺆䊥䊷䊂䉞䊮䉫㸈㪉⧷⺆䊥䊷䊂䉞䊮䉫㸉㪉⧷⺆䊁䉴䊃䊶䊁䉟䉨䊮䉫㪉䊄䉟䉿⺆ਛ⚖㸇䊄䉟䉿⺆⊒㖸Ṷ⠌䊄䉟䉿⺆ਛ⚖㸈䊄䉟䉿⺆䊥䉴䊆䊮䉫Ṷ⠌㸇䊄䉟䉿⺆࿤䈱⸒⺆䈫ᢥൻ䊄䉟䉿⺆ 䊄䉟䉿⺆⺒⸃Ṷ⠌㸇䊄䉟䉿⺆⺒⸃Ṷ⠌㸈౉㐷䊄䉟䉿⺆
䊄䉟䉿⺆⴫⷗Ṷ⠌㸈䊄䉟䉿⺆䉥䊷䊤䊦Ṷ⠌㸇䊄䉟䉿⺆䊥䉴䊆䊮䉫Ṷ⠌㸈౉㐷䊐䊤䊮䉴⺆
䊐䊤䊮䉴⺆ 䊐䊤䊮䉴⺆૞ᢥ䉮䊷䉴䊐䊤䊮䉴⺆⺒⸃䉮䊷䉴䊐䊤䊮䉴⺆ታ↪ળ⹤౉㐷ਛ࿖⺆㸇
౉㐷ਛ࿖⺆㸈ਛ࿖⺆ ਛ࿖⺆ญ⺆㸇ਛ࿖⺆ญ⺆㸈
ਛ࿖⺆⡞䈐ข䉍㸇䊨䉲䉝⺆ ౉㐷䊨䉲䉝⺆㸇౉㐷䊨䉲䉝⺆㸈
౉㐷㖧࿖⺆㖧࿖⺆㖧࿖䈱⸒⺆䈫ᢥൻ౉㐷䉴䊕䉟䊮⺆
䉴䊕䉟䊮⺆࿤䈱⸒⺆䈫ᢥൻ䉴䊕䉟䊮⺆⴫⃻䉴䊕䉟䊮⺆
ᤨ੐䉴䊕䉟䊮⺆
䉟䊮䊄䊈䉲䉝 ౉㐷䉟䊮䊄䊈䉲䉝⺆㸇⺆౉㐷䉟䊮䊄䊈䉲䉝⺆㸈ㅦୃ䉥䊤䊮䉻⺆㸇
䉥䊤䊮䉻⺆ㅦୃ䉥䊤䊮䉻⺆㸈
ㅦୃ䉣䉴䊕䊤䊮䊃㸇䉣䉴䊕䊤䊮䊃 ㅦୃ䉣䉴䊕䊤䊮䊃㸈ㅦୃ䉣䉴䊕䊤䊮䊃㸇

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䈇䈝䉏䈎䋱⑼⋡䈚䈎ጁୃ䈪䈐䉁䈞䉖䇯
䈇䈝䉏䈎䋱⑼⋡䈚䈎ጁୃ䈪䈐䉁䈞䉖䇯
䈇䈝䉏䈎䋱⑼⋡䈚䈎ጁୃ䈪䈐䉁䈞䉖䇯

䈇䈝䉏䈎䋱⑼⋡䈚䈎ጁୃ䈪䈐䉁䈞䉖䇯

㶎䋱䇭⸒⺆ᢥൻ⑼⋡㸈䇸⥄ὼ⑼ቇ⧷⺆⻠⺒䇹䋬䇸ੱᢥ⑼ቇ⧷⺆⻠⺒䇹䈍䉋䈶䇸⧷⺆ᢥቇ⻠⺒䇹䈲䋬⸒⺆ᢥൻ⥄↱ㆬᛯ⑼⋡䈱䇭䇭䇭䇸⧷⺆䊥䊷䊂䉞䊮䉫㸈䇹䉁䈢䈲䇸⧷⺆䊥䊷䊂䉞䊮䉫㸉䇹䉕ጁୃ䈜䉎䈖䈫䈮䉋䉍䈇䈝䉏䈎䈮⺒䉂ᦧ䈋䉌䉏䉁䈜䇯䈇䈝䉏䈱⑼⋡䈮䇭䇭⺒䉂ᦧ䈋䉕Ꮧᦸ䈜䉎䈎䉕䋬੐೨䈮᝼ᬺᜂᒰᢎຬ䈮↳䈚಴䈩ᛚ⹺䉕ᓧ䈩䈎䉌䋬⺒䉂ᦧ䈋䈱ᚻ⛯䉕䈚䈩䈒䈣䈘䈇䇯㶎䋲䇭⸒⺆ᢥൻ⑼⋡㸈䇸ታ↪⧷⺆Ṷ⠌㸇䇹䈍䉋䈶䇸ታ↪⧷⺆Ṷ⠌㸈䇹䈲䋬⸒⺆ᢥൻ⥄↱ㆬᛯ⑼⋡䇸⧷⺆䊁䉴䊃䊶䊁䉟䉨䊮䉫䇹䇭䇭䉕ጁୃ䈜䉎䈖䈫䈮䉋䉍⺒䉂ᦧ䈋䉌䉏䉁䈜䇯ේೣ䈫䈚䈩䇸ታ↪⧷⺆Ṷ⠌㸇䇹䈮⺒䉂ᦧ䈋䉁䈜䈏䋬ᐔᚑ䋱䋸ᐕᐲ䉁䈪䈮䇸ታ↪⧷⺆䇭䇭Ṷ⠌㸇䇹䉕ጁୃ䈚䈢⠪䈱䉂䈏䋬䇸ታ↪⧷⺆Ṷ⠌㸈䇹䈮⺒䉂ᦧ䈋䉎䈖䈫䈏䈪䈐䉁䈜䇯㸋䋮⑼⋡䈱⺒ᦧ䈮䈧䈇䈩䋨ᐔᚑ䋱䋷ᐕᐲએ೨౉ቇ⠪ኻ⽎䋩‫׎ٳ‬ᛖǳȟȥȋǱȸǷȧȳᅹႸ䇭ᄖ࿖⺆䉮䊚䊠䊆䉬䊷䉲䊢䊮⑼⋡䈲⸒⺆ᢥൻ⥄↱ㆬᛯ⑼⋡䉕ୃᓧ䈜䉎䈖䈫䈮䉋䉍⺒䉂ᦧ䈋䉌䉏䉁䈜䇯
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ᧂ䇭ୃ䇭ᓧ䇭⑼䇭⋡⧷⺆䊂䉞䊔䊷䊃㸇
⧷⺆䊂䉞䊔䊷䊃㸈
⧷⺆䉴䊏䊷䉼㸇
⧷⺆䉴䊏䊷䉼㸈
⧷⺆䊥䉴䊆䊮䉫䊶䉶䊚䊅䊷㸇⧷䇭䇭⺆ ⧷⺆䊥䉴䊆䊮䉫䊶䉶䊚䊅䊷㸈⧷⺆䊤䉟䊁䉞䊮䉫䊶䉶䊚䊅䊷㸇⧷⺆䊤䉟䊁䉞䊮䉫䊶䉶䊚䊅䊷㸈⧷⺆䊥䊷䊂䉞䊮䉫䊶䉶䊚䊅䊷㸇⧷⺆䊥䊷䊂䉞䊮䉫䊶䉶䊚䊅䊷㸈⧷⺆⠡⸶ᴺ䊄䉟䉿⺆䉮䊚䊠䊆䉬䊷䉲䊢䊮㸇䊄䉟䉿⺆䉮䊚䊠䊆䉬䊷䉲䊢䊮㸈䊄䉟䉿⺆䉥䊷䊤䊦䊶䉶䊚䊅䊷㸇䊄䉟䉿⺆䉥䊷䊤䊦䊶䉶䊚䊅䊷㸈䊄䉟䉿⺆⴫⃻䉶䊚䊅䊷㸇䊄䉟䉿⺆⴫⃻䉶䊚䊅䊷㸈䊄䉟䉿⺆䊄䉟䉿⺆⺒⸃䉶䊚䊅䊷㸇䊄䉟䉿⺆⺒⸃䉶䊚䊅䊷㸈䊄䉟䉿⺆䊥䉴䊆䊮䉫䊶䉶䊚䊅䊷㸇䊄䉟䉿⺆䊥䉴䊆䊮䉫䊶䉶䊚䊅䊷㸈䊄䉟䉿⺆⊒㖸䉶䊚䊅䊷䊄䉟䉿⺆␠ળᢥൻ䉶䊚䊅䊷

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⧷⺆䊒䊧䉷䊮䊁䊷䉲䊢䊮㸇⧷⺆䊒䊧䉷䊮䊁䊷䉲䊢䊮㸈
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⧷䇭䇭⺆ ⧷⺆䊥䉴䊆䊮䉫㸈⧷⺆䊤䉟䊁䉞䊮䉫㸇⧷⺆䊤䉟䊁䉞䊮䉫㸈⧷⺆䊥䊷䊂䉞䊮䉫㸇⧷⺆䊥䊷䊂䉞䊮䉫㸈⧷⺆䊥䊷䊂䉞䊮䉫㸉䊄䉟䉿⺆ਛ⚖㸇䊄䉟䉿⺆ਛ⚖㸈䊄䉟䉿⺆䉥䊷䊤䊦Ṷ⠌㸇䊄䉟䉿⺆䉥䊷䊤䊦Ṷ⠌㸈䊄䉟䉿⺆⴫⃻Ṷ⠌㸇䊄䉟䉿⺆⴫⃻Ṷ⠌㸈䊄䉟䉿⺆䊄䉟䉿⺆⺒⸃Ṷ⠌㸇䊄䉟䉿⺆⺒⸃Ṷ⠌㸈䊄䉟䉿⺆䊥䉴䊆䊮䉫Ṷ⠌㸇䊄䉟䉿⺆䊥䉴䊆䊮䉫Ṷ⠌㸈䊄䉟䉿⺆⊒㖸Ṷ⠌䊄䉟䉿⺆࿤䈱⸒⺆䈫ᢥൻ

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ͤࡍȷǹȝȸȄᅹ‫ܖ‬ᅹႸî䇭ஜᐽ䊶䉴䊘䊷䉿⑼ቇ⑼⋡㸈䈲ஜᐽ䊶䉴䊘䊷䉿⑼ቇ⑼⋡䉕ୃᓧ䈜䉎䈖䈫䈮䉋䉍⺒䉂ᦧ䈋䉌䉏䉁䈜䇯ᧂ䇭ୃ䇭ᓧ䇭⑼䇭⋡඙ಽஜᐽ䊶䉴䊘䊷䉿 ↢ᶦ䉴䊘䊷䉿ታ⠌㸇⑼ቇ⑼⋡㸈 ↢ᶦ䉴䊘䊷䉿ታ⠌㸈

න૏ᢙ

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㪈

㐿㩷⻠㩷⑼㩷⋡඙ಽஜᐽ䊶䉴䊘䊷䉿 り૕ㆇേ⑼ቇታ⠌㸉り૕ㆇേ⑼ቇታ⠌㸊
⑼ቇ⑼⋡

න૏ᢙ

㪈
㪈

ऴ‫إ‬ϼྸᅹႸî䇭ᖱႎಣℂ⑼⋡㸈䈲ਥ㗴⑼⋡䉕ୃᓧ䈜䉎䈖䈫䈮䉋䉍⺒䉂ᦧ䈋䉌䉏䉁䈜䇯䇭ᖱႎಣℂ⑼⋡㸈䈮䈧䈇䈩䈲䋬ਥ㗴⑼⋡䈱೽㗴䈏䋬⑼⋡ฬ䈫䈚䈩ᚑ❣䈮⸥タ䈘䉏䉁䈜䇯䈢䈣䈚䋬ᣢ䈮ୃᓧ䈚䈢ᖱႎಣℂ⑼⋡㸈䈫ห৻ฬ⒓䈱೽㗴䈱⑼⋡䈲ጁୃ䈜䉎䈖䈫䈏䈪䈐䉁䈞䉖䈱䈪䋬ᵈᗧ䈚䈩䈒䈣䈘䈇䇯ᧂ䇭ୃ䇭ᓧ䇭⑼䇭⋡඙ಽᖱ⑼ႎ⋡ ࿑ᒻᖱႎಣℂ౉㐷ಣ㸈ℂන૏ᢙ ඙ಽ㪉ਥ㗴⑼⋡

㐿⻠⑼⋡೽㩷㗴ℂ♽ਥ㗴⑼⋡㸌 ࿑ᒻᖱႎಣℂ౉㐷

න૏ᢙ

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ᐔᚑ㧞㧟ᐕᐲోቇᢎ⢒ቇᐕᥲⴕ      ੐ᦼ        ᣣ஻         ⠨

೨

ᦼ

㐿

ᆎ 㧠᦬㧝ᣣ ㊄ 



ᤐ

ቄ

ભ

ᬺ 㧠᦬㧝ᣣ ㊄ 㨪㧠᦬ᣣ ᣣ ਻Ꮊᄢቇቇㇱㅢೣ╙㧢᧦╙㧝㗄ߩⷙቯߦࠃࠆભᬺᣣቇ ↢ ቯ ᦼ ஜ ᐽ ⸻ ᢿ 㧠᦬㧠ᣣ ᦬ 㨪㧠᦬㧢ᣣ ᳓ 㧝ᐕ↢ ోຬ ߩታᣉᣣ

㧠᦬ᣣ Ἣ 㨪㧠᦬ᣣ ㊄ 㧠᦬ᣣ Ἣ 㧘㧠᦬ᣣ ᧁ 㧞ᐕ↢ ోຬ ߩታᣉᣣ



౉

ቇ



ᑼ 㧠᦬㧣ᣣ ᧁ ᣂ ౉ ↢ ࠝ ࡝ ࠛ ࡦ ࠹ ࡯ ࠪ ࡚ ࡦ 㧠᦬㧣ᣣ ᧁ 㨪㧠᦬㧥ᣣ ࿯ ೨ᆎ 㧠᦬ᣣ ᦬ ഃ ┙ ⊖ ๟ ᐕ ⸥ ᔨ ᑼ ౖ 㧡᦬ᣣ ࿯ ਻ ᄢ 㧝 㧜 㧜 ᐕ ߹ ߟ ࠅ 㧡᦬ᣣ ᣣ ഃ ┙ ⊖ ๟ ᐕ ⸥ ᔨ ભ ᬺ ᣣ 㧡᦬ᣣ ᦬ ਻Ꮊᄢቇቇㇱㅢೣ╙㧢᧦╙㧞㗄ߩⷙቯߦࠃࠆભᬺᣣ

೨

ᦼ

᝼

ᬺ

⚳

ੌ 㧤᦬㧝ᣣ ᦬ 



೨

ᦼ

ቯ

ᦼ

⹜

㛎 㧤᦬㧞ᣣ Ἣ 㨪㧤᦬㧤ᣣ ᦬ ೨ᦼቯᦼ⹜㛎ߦଥࠆㅊ⹜㛎╬ 㧤᦬㧥ᣣ Ἣ 㨪㧤᦬ᣣ ᦬ 



ᄐ

ቄ

ભ

ᬺ 㧤᦬ᣣ Ἣ 㨪㧥᦬ᣣ ㊄ ਻Ꮊᄢቇቇㇱㅢೣ╙㧢᧦╙㧝㗄ߩⷙቯߦࠃࠆભᬺᣣ

೨

ᦼ

⚳

ੌ 㧥᦬ᣣ ㊄ 



ᓟ

ᦼ

㐿

ᆎ ᦬㧝ᣣ ࿯ ᆎ ᦬㧟ᣣ ᦬ 



ᓟ

ᦼ

ᦼ

᝼

ᬺ

᝼

ᬺ

㐿

㐿

૕

⢒

⑂ ᦬㧤ᣣ ࿯ 



਻

ᄢ

⑂ ᦬ᣣ ㊄ 㧘᦬ᣣ ᦬ ਻Ꮊᄢቇቇㇱㅢೣ╙㧢᧦╙㧞㗄ߩⷙቯߦࠃࠆભᬺᣣ౻   ቄ   ભ   ᬺ ᦬ᣣ Ἣ 㨪㧝᦬㧡ᣣ ᧁ ਻Ꮊᄢቇቇㇱㅢೣ╙㧢᧦╙㧝㗄ߩⷙቯߦࠃࠆભᬺᣣ౻ ቄ ભ ᬺ ᓟ ߩ ᝼ ᬺ 㐿 ᆎ 㧝᦬㧢ᣣ ㊄㧕ᄢ ቇ ౉ ⹜ ࠮ ࡦ ࠲ ࡯ ⹜ 㛎 㧝᦬ᣣ ࿯ 㧘ᣣ ᣣ 



ᓟ

ᦼ

᝼

ᬺ

⚳

ੌ 㧞᦬㧢ᣣ ᦬ 



ᓟ

ᦼ

ቯ

ᦼ

⹜

㛎 㧞᦬㧣ᣣ Ἣ 㨪㧞᦬ᣣ ᦬ ᓟᦼቯᦼ⹜㛎ߦଥࠆㅊ⹜㛎╬ 㧞᦬ᣣ Ἣ 㨪㧞᦬ᣣ ᦬ 







౉ ቇ ⠪ ㆬ ᛮ ୘ ೎ ቇ ജ ᬌ ᩏ 㧞᦬ᣣ ࿯ ᣣ ᣣ 㧔 ೨ ᦼ ᣣ ⒟ 㧕 ౉ ቇ ⠪ ㆬ ᛮ ୘ ೎ ቇ ജ ᬌ ᩏ 㧟᦬ᣣ ᦬ 㧔 ᓟ ᦼ ᣣ ⒟ 㧕 



ቇ
ᓟ

૏

⸥
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⚳

ਈ



ᑼ 㧟᦬ᣣ Ἣ ੌ 㧟᦬ᣣ ࿯  ᵈ ਻ᄢ⑂ߦߟ޿ߡߪભᬺᣣࠍ⴫␜ߒߚ߽ߩߢ㧘ᦼ㑆ࠍ␜ߔ߽ߩߢߪߥ޿㨫

ᐔᚑ㧞㧟ᐕᐲ‫ޣ‬೨ᦼ‫ోޓޤ‬ቇᢎ⢒‫ޓ‬᝼ᬺᣣ⒟‫ޓ‬
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 ㊄ ᄢቇ㒮౉ቇᑼ

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㧞㧥 㧟㧜 ᦬

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㧞㧥 ‫ޓ‬㧟㧜

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 ᦬ ഃ┙⊖๟ᐕ⸥ᔨભᬺᣣ

 ᦬ ೨ᦼ᝼ᬺ⚳ੌ㧝㧞‫ ޓ‬㧟‫ ޓ‬㧠

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㧥 ‫ޓ‬㧝㧜 ‫ޓ‬㧝㧝 ‫ޓ‬㧝㧞

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㧝㧢 ‫ޓ‬㧝㧣 ‫ޓ‬㧝㧤 ‫ޓ‬㧝㧥

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⸘

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 ᦬ ೨ᦼ᝼ᬺ㐿ᆎ

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஻‫ޓޓޓޓ‬⠨ ㊄ 㨪 ᣣ ᤐቄભᬺ
 ᦬ 㨪 ᧁ ஜᐽ⸻ᢿ‫ߜ߁ޓ‬㧝ᐕ↢⹥ᒰᣣ ᦬ 㨪 ᳓‫ޓޓޓ‬㧞ᐕ↢⹥ᒰᣣ Ἣ 㨪 ㊄‫ ޓޓޓޓޓޓޓޓޓ‬Ἣ 㧘 ᧁ㧟  ᧁ ౉ቇᑼ ᧁ 㨪 ࿯ ᣂ౉↢ࠝ࡝ࠛࡦ࠹࡯࡚ࠪࡦ
 ࿯ ᣢୃᓧන૏⹺ቯ⹜㛎㧣  Ἣ 㨪 ᦬ ೨ᦼቯᦼ⹜㛎 Ἣ 㨪 ᦬ ㅊ⹜㛎࡮ౣ⺞ᩏᦼ㑆 Ἣ 㨪 ㊄ ᄐቄભᬺ

㧝㧣̪‫࡯࠳ࡦ࡟ࠞޓ‬ౝߩᣣઃߦ߅޿ߡ㧘ᄥሼߪ␸ᣣ෶ߪભᬺᣣࠍ␜ߔ‫ޕ‬ᐔᚑ㧞㧟ᐕᐲ‫ޣ‬ᓟᦼ‫ోޓޤ‬ቇᢎ⢒‫ޓ‬᝼ᬺᣣ⒟
᦬

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஻‫ޓޓޓޓ‬⠨ ᦬ ᓟᦼ᝼ᬺ㐿ᆎ ࿯ ૕⢒⑂

㧟

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

 ㊄  ᦬ ਻ᄢ⑂ߩߚ߼ભᬺ

㧝 Ἣ 㨪 ᧁ ౻ቄભᬺ

 ㊄ ࠮ࡦ࠲࡯⹜㛎Ḱ஻᝼ᬺߪⴕࠊߥ޿
 ࿯  ᣣ ࠮ࡦ࠲࡯⹜㛎

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㧟㧜 ٧㧟㧝 ᦬㧝㧞‫ ޓ‬㧟㧠㧞㧡 ٧ Ἣ ㊄ᦐᣣߩ᝼ᬺࠍⴕ߁
 ᦬ ᓟᦼ᝼ᬺ⚳ੌ

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㧝㧞  Ἣ 㨪 ᦬ ᓟᦼቯᦼ⹜㛎

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⸘

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 Ἣ 㨪 ᦬ ㅊ⹜㛎࡮ౣ⺞ᩏᦼ㑆 ࿯  ᣣ ୘೎ቇജᬌᩏ

̪‫࡯࠳ࡦ࡟ࠞޓ‬ౝߩᣣઃߦ߅޿ߡ㧘ᄥሼߪ␸ᣣ෶ߪભᬺᣣࠍ␜ߔ‫ޕ‬


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