ᣂߚߥᚻᴺߦࠃࠆ࿾ၞ⸘↹ߠߊࠅߦ㑐ߔࠆ⺞ᩏ⎇ⓥ‫ޝ‬ᶏጯ଻ోᣉ⸳ߩ⛽ᜬ▤ℂߩല₸ൻࠍ࿑ࠆᣉ⸳ߩᄌ⁁ⷐ࿃ߦᔕߓߚ
ኻ╷Ꮏᴺߩㆬቯᚻᴺᬌ⸛‫ޞ‬
Discussion on Selection of Countermeasure Construction Method that Matches Causal Factors ofDeformation in Seeking Efficiency of Maintenance for Coastal Protection Works
́Wave forecasting and hindcasting of Nagasaki Prefecture Offing Waveś

ᬺോฬ
ᆔ⸤⠪
ᜂᒰ⠪

ᶏጯ଻ోᣉ⸳ߦ߅ߌࠆ࡜ࠗࡈࠨࠗࠢ࡞ࡑࡀࠫࡔࡦ࠻ᬌ⸛⺞ᩏ㧔㧕᳓↥ᐡṪ᷼Ṫ႐ᢛ஻ㇱ㧔଻ဈਃ⟤㧕㧘᳓㊁ᢅ㓶

Many of the existing coastal protection works will rapidly begin to reach the end of their durable
period in the near future. This paper discusses a selection method for countermeasure construction
according to the causal factors of deformation of works, which contributes to reduction in lifecycle
costs of the coastal protection works under such conditions that even coast managements inmunicipalities overwhelmingly lacking staff with professional skills can achieve efficient maintenanceof these works.
Key words: coastal protection works, degradation countermeasure construction, lifecycle cost, maintenance㧝㧚⺞ᩏߩ⋡⊛ᧄ⺞ᩏߪ㧘ᶏጯ଻ోᣉ⸳ߦ߅ߌࠆ࡜ࠗࡈࠨࠗࠢ࡞ࡑࡀࠫࡔࡦ࠻㧔એਅ㧘LCMߣ޿߁㧕ߩዉ౉ߦ⾗ߔࠆߚ߼㧘࡜ࠗࡈࠨࠗࠢ࡞ࠦࠬ࠻㧔એਅ㧘LCC ߣ޿߁㧕ߩᦨㆡൻߦะߌߚࠪ࠽࡝ࠝ⸳ቯߦᔅⷐߥᶏጯ଻ోᣉ⸳ߩ⊛⏕ߥኻ╷Ꮏᴺࠍㆬቯߔࠆߚ߼ߦ㧘ንጊ⋵ṖᎹṪ᷼ᶏጯ㧔࿑㧕ࠍ଀ߣߒߡ㧘ᣉ⸳ߩᄌ⁁ⷐ࿃ߣንጊ⋵ߘߩኻ╷Ꮏᴺߩ㑐ଥࠍᢛℂߒ㧘ኻ╷Ꮏᴺߩㆬቯࡊࡠ࠮ࠬߩ᣿⏕ൻࠍ࿑ࠆ߽ߩߢ޽ࠆ㧚࿑ ⺞ᩏ૏⟎㧔ṖᎹṪ᷼ᶏጯ㧕㧞㧚ല₸⊛ߥ⠧᧎ൻኻ╷ታᣉߩߚ߼ߩኻ╷Ꮏᴺ⸳ቯᚻᴺߩ᣿⏕ൻᚒ߇࿖ߩᶏጯ଻ోᣉ⸳ߪ㧘દ൓ḧบ㘑╬ߦࠃࠆᄢἴኂࠍᄾᯏߦ㜞⋡⊛ߢᢛ஻߇ㅴ߼ࠄࠇߡ߈ߚ㧚⃻ሽߔࠆᣉ⸳ߪߘߩᄙߊ߇ᤘ๺ 40㪏㪃㪇㪇㪇ᐕઍ߹ߢߦᑪ⸳ߐࠇߚ߽ߩߢ޽ࠅ㧔࿑㧕㧘ㇱ᧚ߩ⚻ᐕഠൻ߿ᵄജ╬ߩᓇ㗀ߦࠃࠆ៊்߿ᯏ⢻ૐਅ߇ㅴⴕߒߡ޿ࠆ㧚ㄭᐕߩᐲ㊀ߥࠆᄢⷙᮨߥἴኂߩ⊒↢ߦࠃࠅ㧘㜞ầⵍኂߩჇട߿ᶏጯᶐ㘩ߩㅴⴕߦࠃߞߡ⎕ႇߦࠃࠆუṌ⊛ߥⵍኂ߇ ᔨߐࠇߟߟ޽ࠅ㧘ߎࠇࠄߩኻ╷߇༛✕ߩ⺖㗴ߣߥߞߡ޿ࠆ㧚ߎߩ᭽ߥ⁁ᴫߩ߽ߣ㧘⽷᡽⁁ᴫߩ෩ߒ޿⥄ᴦ૕ߢߪ㒢ࠄࠇߚ੍▚ߣᜂᒰ⠪ᢙߦࠃߞߡᶏጯ଻ోᣉ⸳ߩ⠧᧎ൻኻ╷ࠍ⸘↹࡮ታᣉߒߡ޿߆ߥߌࠇ߫ߥࠄߕ㧘ല₸⊛ߥ੐ᬺታᣉߦะߌߚᣉ⸳ߩᄌ⁁߿ഠൻ⁁ᴫߦᔕߓߚ⊛⏕ߥኻ╷Ꮏᴺߩㆬቯᚻᴺߩ⏕┙߇᳞߼ࠄࠇߡ޿ࠆ㧚77㪍㪃㪇㪇㪇㪋㪃㪇㪇㪇㪉㪃㪇㪇㪇ႇ㒐䊶⼔ጯ䈱⚥Ⓧᑧ㐳䌓䋳䋰ᐕઍ䈮䉁䈪䈮⃻ႇ㒐䊶⼔ጯ䈱⚂䋶ഀ䈏ᢛ஻䈘䉏䈩䈇䉎⚥Ⓧᑧ㐳ᣂ⸳ᑧ㐳ႇ㒐䊶⼔ጯ䈱ᣂ⸳ᑧ㐳㪇㪌㪃㪇㪇㪇㪋㪃㪇㪇㪇㪊㪃㪇㪇㪇㪉㪃㪇㪇㪇㪈㪃㪇㪇㪇ႇ㒐䊶⼔ጯᣂ⸳ᑧ㐳㩿䌫㫄㪀㪈㪇㪃㪇㪇㪇ႇ㒐䊶⼔ጯ⚥Ⓧᑧ㐳㩿䌫㫄㪀ầ࡮㜞ᵄ࡮ᵤᵄ࡮ᶐ㘩ߣ޿ߞߚ⥄ὼἴኂ߆ࠄ⢛ᓟߩㇺᏒࠍ㒐⼔ߔࠆ㪇䌾 㪪㪊㪌 㪪㪋㪇 㪪㪋㪌 㪪㪌㪇 㪪㪌㪌 㪪㪍㪇 㪟㪉 㪟㪎 㪟㪈㪉 㪟㪈㪎࿖࿯੤ㅢ⋭ᴡᎹዪHP䉋䉍࿑ ႇ㒐࡮⼔ጯߩᐕᐲ೎⚥⸘ᐕᐲᣂߚߥᚻᴺߦࠃࠆ࿾ၞ⸘↹ߠߊࠅߦ㑐ߔࠆ⺞ᩏ⎇ⓥᏒ↸᧛ߥߤߩᶏጯ▤ℂ⠪ߩᄙߊߪኾ㐷⊛ߥ⍮⼂ࠍ᦭ߔࠆᛛⴚ⠪߇࿶ୟ⊛ߦਇ⿷ߒߡ޿ࠆ㧚ߘߩߚ߼㧘⤘ᄢߦሽ࿷ߔࠆᶏጯ଻ోᣉ⸳ߦኻߒߡ⸘↹⊛߆ߟㆡಾߦ⠧᧎ൻኻ╷⸘↹ࠍ┙᩺ߒ㧘ല₸⊛ߦኻ╷Ꮏ੐ࠍታᣉߒߡ޿ߊߚ߼ߦߪ㧘ᗐቯߐࠇࠆኻ╷Ꮏᴺߩㆬቯࡊࡠ࠮ࠬ߇᣿⏕ൻߐࠇ㧘▤ℂ⠪߇᦭ߔࠆᖱႎߩᢛℂ

৻ቯߩㆬቯᣇᴺ߇᣿␜ߐࠇࠆߎߣߦࠃࠅ૞ᬺᎿ⒟ߩ◲⚛

ᣉ⸳᭎ⷐ╬ߩᢛℂൻ߇࿑ࠄࠇࠆߎߣ߇㊀ⷐߢ޽ࠆ㧚࿑ ߪታ㓙ߩ⠧᧎ൻኻ╷ߩᬌ⸛ߩࡈࡠ࡯ࠍ␜ߒߚ߽ߩߢ޽ࠆ㧚࿑ ߦ␜ߔࠃ߁ߥᚻ㗅ߦᓥ޿㧘◲ᤃ⊛ߥ৻ᰴ⺞ᩏ෸߮ੑᰴ⺞ᩏߦࠃࠅᄌ⁁࡮ഠൻߩ⁁ᴫ߅ࠃ߮ஜోᐲࠍ⹏ଔߒ㧘৻ቯߩᯏ⢻ૐਅ߇⷗ࠄࠇࠆ႐วߦߪߘߩ⹏ଔࠍ〯߹߃ߚㅊട⊛ߥੑᰴ⺞ᩏߦࠃࠅኻ╷Ꮏᴺࠍㆬቯߔࠆߎߣߣߥࠆ㧚ߘߩߚ߼㧘ㅊട⊛ߥੑᰴ⺞ᩏᚻᴺߣߘߩ⚿ᨐ㧔ᄌ⁁ⷐ࿃ߩ․ቯ㧕ߦᔕߓߚኻ╷Ꮏᴺߩㆬቯᚻᴺࠍ޽ࠄ߆ߓ߼ឭ␜ߒߡ߅ߊߎߣ߇ߢ߈ࠇ߫㧘ലᨐ⊛ߥੑᰴ⺞ᩏ㧔ㅊട㧕ߩታᣉߣല₸⊛ߥኻ╷⸘↹ߩ╷ቯ߇น⢻ߦߥࠆߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆ㧚ᧄ⺞ᩏߢߪ㧘ߎࠇ߹ߢߩᡷ⦟ኻ╷Ꮏ੐ߩታᣉ੐଀ࠍ෼㓸࡮ᢛℂߔࠆߣߣ߽ߦ㧘ฦ⒳ᢥ₂        ࠍෳ⠨ߦߒߡ㧘ᶏጯ଻ోᣉ⸳ߦ߅ߌࠆਥⷐ᭴ㅧ‛ߩ߭ߣߟߢ޽ࠆή╭ࠦࡦࠢ࡝࡯࠻᭴ㅧ‛ߩ⼔ጯ࡮ႇ㒐ᣉ⸳ߦߟ޿ߡ㧘ᄌ⁁ߏߣߦㅊട⺞ᩏߔߴ߈㗄⋡ߩ⌕⌒ὐߩᢛℂࠍⴕ޿㧘ᣉ⸳᭎ⷐ╬ߩᢛℂ߇⠧᧎ൻኻ╷ߩᬌ⸛ߦ↢߆ߐࠇࠆ ኻ⽎ᣉ⸳ߩ᭎ⷐԘᶏጯ଻ోᣉ⸳㧔ฬ⒓᭴ㅧᒻᑼᑪ⸳ᐕᰴ૏⟎ᐔ㕙࿑ᮡḰᢿ㕙࿑╬㧕ԙ଻ోኻ⽎࿾඙㧔଻ోኻ⽎࿾඙ߩዬ૑࿾඙ੱญ෸߮ᓟ⢛࿾೑↪╬㧕 ᢥ₂╬ߩᢛℂԘ೙ᐲ࡮ᴺᓞԙ⸳⸘ၮḰԚᣉ⸳೑↪ߩ㈩ᘦԛ⥄ὼ࡮␠ળ࡮ⅣႺ᧦ઙԜᄙ㕙⊛ᯏ⢻㧔࡟ࠢ࡝ࠛ࡯࡚ࠪࡦṪ႐⢛ᓟ࿾ߩ⽷↥╬㧕ԝߘߩઁ㧔᥊ⷰ╬㧕⠧᧎ൻ⺞ᩏ⠧᧎ൻ⺞ᩏߩታᣉᄌ⁁᦭⸛ߒߡኻ╷Ꮏᴺߩㆬቯ⴫ࠍ૞ᚑߔࠆߣߣ߽ߦ㧘ㆬቯ⴫ࠍᵴ↪ߒߚኻ╷Ꮏᴺㆬቯᚻᴺߩឭ᩺ࠍⴕߞߚ㧚ߘߒߡ㧘ኻ╷Ꮏᴺㆬቯᚻᴺߦၮߠ߈⠧᧎ൻ⸻ᢿ⃻࿾⺞ᩏࠍታᣉߒ㧘ታ᭴ㅧ‛ࠍ↪޿ߡኻ╷Ꮏᴺߩㆬቯࡊࡠ࠮ࠬߩᅷᒰᕈߩᬌᄌ⁁ήੑᰴ⺞ᩏஜోᐲ⹏ଔ‫⺞ޓޚ‬ᩏ⚿ᨐߦࠃࠆᣉ⸳ߩஜోᐲߩ್ቯ‫ޓޚ‬⠧᧎ൻኻ╷Ꮏ੐╬ߩᔅⷐᕈߩᬌ⸛㨯ᣉ⸳ߩਥⷐㇱߦᄢ߈ߥᄌ⁁߇⊒↢ߒᯏ⢻ૐਅ߇↢ߓߡ޿ࠆ႐ว #㩡㩧㩂㨯ᣉ⸳ߩਥⷐㇱએᄖߦᄌ⁁߇⊒↢ߒᯏ⢻ૐਅߦߪ⥋ߞߡ޿ߥ޿႐ว %㩡㩧㩂㨯ᣉ⸳ߩਥⷐㇱߦᄌ⁁߇⊒↢ߒ㧘ᯏ⢻ૐਅ߿ᄌ⁁ㅪ㎮ߩㅴⴕ߇ ᔨߐࠇࠆ႐ว $㩡㩧㩂
㪘䋬㪙㨯シᓸߥᄌ⁁߇⊒↢ߒߡ޿ࠆ߇ᯏ⢻ૐਅߦߪᒰ㕙⥋ࠄߥ޿႐ว &㩡㩧㩂㪚䋬㪛ੑᰴ⺞ᩏ㧔ㅊട㧕ᣉ⸳ߩஜోᐲ࡜ࡦࠢᲤߦ‫ޟ‬ੑᰴ⺞ᩏߦ߅ߌࠆᄌ⁁૏⟎࡮㗄⋡㨪ㅊട⺞ᩏ㗄⋡࡮ᣇᴺ㨪ኻ╷Ꮏᴺ‫ߩޠ‬ኻᔕ㑐ଥࠍᬌ⸘↹⊛ߥ⠧᧎ൻኻ╷ߩផㅴ৻ᰴ⺞ᩏ⠧᧎ൻኻ╷ߩᬌ⸛⠧᧎ൻኻ╷⸘↹(1)ኻ╷ᣇ㊎ߩ᳿ቯ㧔⸳⸘᧦ઙߩ⷗⋥ߒߩᔅⷐᕈߩᬌ⸛㧕(2)ኻ╷⋡ᮡߩ⸳ቯ(3)ኻ╷Ꮏᴺߩၮᧄ⊛ᬌ⸛(4)ኻ╷ᓟߩ⺞ᩏ⸘↹(5)ߘߩઁߩ੐㗄⠧᧎ൻኻ╷Ꮏ੐⠧᧎ൻኻ╷Ꮏ੐╬ߩታᣉ⠧᧎ൻኻ╷Ꮏ੐╬ߩታᣉ⸽ࠍⴕߞߚ㧚࿑ ⠧᧎ൻኻ╷ࡈࡠ࡯࿑㧟㧚⃻࿾⺞ᩏ ⺞ᩏࡈࡠ࡯ንጊ⋵ṖᎹṪ᷼ᶏጯߩࠦࡦࠢ࡝࡯࠻ⵍⷒᑼ⼔ጯ㧔ᤘ๺  ᐕઍਛ㗃ߩᑪㅧ㧕ߦ߅޿ߡ㧘⠧᧎ൻ⺞ᩏ෸߮ஜోᐲ⹏ଔࠍታᣉߒ㧘ੑᰴ⺞ᩏߩᄌ⁁ⷐ࿃ߦኻᔕߔࠆੑᰴ⺞ᩏ㧔ㅊട㧕ࠍⴕߞߚ㧚 ߥ߅㧘⺞ᩏߩታᣉߦ޽ߚߞߡߪ㧘‫ߩ߼ߚߩ࠻ࡦࡔࠫࡀࡑ࡞ࠢࠗࠨࡈࠗ࡜ޟ‬ᶏጯ଻ోᣉ⸳⛽ᜬ▤ℂࡑ࠾ࡘࠕ࡞㧔᩺㧕‫ޠ‬ࠍၮߦⴕߞߚ㧚৻ᰴ⺞ᩏߢߪ㧘᭴ㅧో૕ߩᄌ⁁ߩ᦭ήࠍᛠីߒ㧘ੑᰴ⺞ᩏࠍታᣉߔߴ߈▎ᚲߩㆬ೎ࠍⴕ߁ߚ߼㧘ὐᬌ⴫ߦၮߠߊᄌ⁁ߩ᦭ήࠍ⏕⹺ߒ㧘ᄌ⁁૏⟎ߩ⸥㍳ࠍࠬࠤ࠶࠴ߦࠃࠅታᣉߒߚ㧚ੑᰴ⺞ᩏߢߪ㧘᭴ㅧ‛ߩㇱ૏࡮ㇱ᧚Ფߦᄌ⁁ߩ⁁ᴫࠍᛠីߒ㧘ஜోᐲ⹏ଔࠍⴕ߁ߚ߼㧘◲ᤃ⊛ߥᯏ᧚㧔㕖⎕უᬌᩏ߽฽߻㧕ߦࠃࠆᄌ⁁⒟ᐲࠍᛠ
ីߒ㧘⏕⹺ߐࠇߚᄌ⁁ߩ૏⟎߿ⷙᮨ╬ࠍ⺞ᩏࠪ࡯࠻ߦ⸥㍳ߒߚ㧚ஜోᐲ⹏ଔߢߪ㧘ੑᰴ⺞ᩏߩ⚿ᨐࠍ߽ߣߦᣉ⸳ߩฦ⺞ᩏ૏⟎ߩᄌ⁁࡜ࡦࠢࠍᢛℂߒ㧘ᣉ⸳ో૕ߩᯏ⢻ૐਅߩ⒟ᐲߩ್ቯࠍⴕ޿㧘⠧᧎ൻኻ╷Ꮏᴺߩᔅⷐᕈߩᬌ⸛ࠍⴕߞߚ㧚߹ߚ㧘ੑᰴ⺞ᩏ㧔ㅊട㧕ߢߪ㧘ᔅⷐߥኻ╷ߩᬌ⸛ࠍⴕ߁ߚ߼㧘ࠦࠕណขߦࠃࠆ࿶❗ᒝᐲ⹜㛎╬ࠍⴕߞߚ㧚 ߎߎߦ㧘ᄌ⁁࡜ࡦࠢߣߪ㧘⺞ᩏ૏⟎Ფߦ⏕⹺ߐࠇߚᄌ⁁ߩ⒟ᐲࠍ⴫ߔ߽ߩߢ޽ࠅ㧘ႇ૕ߩㇱ᧚㧔৻ㇱ㧕ߩᯏ⢻߇⪺ߒߊૐਅߒߚ⁁ᘒ߆ࠄ߶߷ᄌ⁁߇⹺߼ࠄࠇߥ޿⁁ᘒ߹ߢࠍ C ߹ߚߪ C 㧘D㧘E㧘F ߩ  Ბ㓏ߢ⴫⸥ߒߚ߽ߩߢ޽ࠆ㧔⴫㧕㧚߹ߚ㧘ஜోᐲߩ್ቯ࡜ࡦࠢߪ㧘ᄌ⁁࡜ࡦࠢᲤߩ୘ᢙߦࠃࠅ㧘ᣉ⸳ߩᯏ⢻ૐਅ߇↢ߓߡ޿ࠆ⁁ᘒ߆ࠄᣉ⸳ߩᯏ⢻ૐਅߦߪᒰ㕙⥋ࠄߥ޿⁁ᘒ߹ߢࠍ␜ߔ߽ߩߢ޽ࠅ㧘ᄌ⁁࡜ࡦࠢߦኻᔕߒߡ #㧘$㧘%㧘& ߩ  Ბ㓏ߢ⴫⸥ߒߚ߽ߩߢ޽ࠆ㧔⴫㧕㧚78ᣂߚߥᚻᴺߦࠃࠆ࿾ၞ⸘↹ߠߊࠅߦ㑐ߔࠆ⺞ᩏ⎇ⓥ

⴫ ㇱ᧚ߩᄌ⁁࡜ࡦࠢߣㇱ᧚ߩ⁁ㇱ᧚ߩᄌ⁁࡜ࡦࠢߣㇱ᧚ߩ⁁ᘒࠍ⴫㧘ஜోᐲߩ್ቯ࡜ࡦࠢᲤߩஜోᐲ⹏ଔߩ⋡቟㧘ᄌ⁁ߩ⒟ᐲ෸߮⹏ଔᓟߩᬌ⸛੐㗄ࠍ⴫ ߦ␜ߔ㧚⴫ ஜోᐲߩ್ቯ࡜ࡦࠢ

 ৻ᰴ⺞ᩏ㧘ੑᰴ⺞ᩏ৻ᰴ⺞ᩏ㧘ੑᰴ⺞ᩏࠍታᣉ㧔౮⌀㧘౮⌀㧕ߒߚ⚿ᨐ㧘ᣉ⸳ߦߪᄌ⁁߇ㅴⴕߒߡ޿ࠆ▎ᚲ߇ᢔ⷗ߐࠇߚ㧚․ߦ㧘᏷ 5mm એ਄ߩㇱ᧚⢛㕙߹ߢ㆐ߔࠆ߭߮ഀࠇ߇ᄙߊߩᵄ㄰Ꮏߢ⏕⹺ߐࠇ㧘ㇱ᧚ߩᯏ⢻߇ૐਅߒߡ޿ࠆ⁁ᘒߢ޽ࠆߎߣ߇ ᔨߐࠇߚ㧚⺞ᩏࠪ࡯࠻ߩ⸥౉଀ࠍ⴫ ߦ␜ߔ㧚◲ᤃߥ⸘᷹ᯏེ╬ߦࠃࠆੑᰴ⺞ᩏߩ⚿ᨐߪ㧘ஜోᐲ⹏ଔߩߚ߼ߩၮᧄ⊛ߥ⾗ᢱߣߥࠆ㧚ߘߩߚ߼㧘⏕⹺ߐࠇߚᄌ⁁ߦߟ޿ߡߪ㧘ߘߩ૏⟎߿ⷙᮨ╬ߩ⁁ᴫ౮⌀ࠍ⺞ᩏࠪ࡯࠻ߦ⸥㍳ߔࠆ߽ߩߣߒߚ㧚 ஜోᐲ⹏ଔ ஜోᐲ⹏ଔߪ㧘⺞ᩏ૏⟎Ფߩᄌ⁁࡜ࡦࠢ෸߮ᄌ⁁ߩ⒟ᐲߦࠃࠅ㧘ᣉ⸳ߩஜోᐲ್ቯࠍⴕ߁߽ߩߢ޽ࠆ㧚 ṖᎹṪ᷼ᶏጯߦ߅ߌࠆᶏጯ଻ోᣉ⸳ߩஜోᐲ⹏ଔ⚿ᨐߪ㧘⴫ ߦ␜ߔㅢࠅ # ࡜ࡦࠢߣߥߞߚ㧚․ߦ㧘ᵄ㄰Ꮏߩᄌ⁁࡜ࡦࠢߪᄙߊߩ▎ᚲߢ C 㧔ㇱ᧚ߩᯏ⢻߇⪺ߒ౮⌀ ṖᎹṪ᷼ᶏጯ⼔ጯో᥊ߊૐਅߒߡ޿ࠆ⁁ᘒ㧕ߣߥࠅ㧘ᵄ㄰Ꮏߩᄌ⁁⒟ᐲ߇⪺ߒߊㅴⴕߒߡ޿ࠆߎߣ߇⏕⹺ߐࠇߚ㧚⴫ ࠃࠅ㧘ஜోᐲ A ࡜ࡦࠢߩᣉ⸳ߪ㧘✕ᕆߦ⠧᧎ൻኻ╷Ꮏ੐ߩታᣉࠍᬌ⸛ߔࠆߎߣߣߥߞߡ߅ࠅ㧘ኻ╷Ꮏᴺࠍㆬቯߔࠆߚ߼ߦߪᄌ⁁ⷐ࿃ߩᛠីࠍⴕ߁ᔅⷐ߇޽ࠆߚ߼㧘ੑᰴ⺞ᩏ㧔ㅊട㧕ࠍⴕߞߚ㧚 ੑᰴ⺞ᩏ㧔ㅊട㧕 ੑᰴ⺞ᩏ㧔ㅊട㧕ߢታᣉߔࠆ⺞ᩏ㗄⋡ߪ㧘ੑᰴ⺞ᩏߢᛠីߐࠇߚᄌ⁁߆ࠄᗐቯߐࠇࠆߘߩઁߩ⺞ᩏ૏⟎ߦ߅ߌࠆᄌ⁁ߩᛠីࠍⴕ߁߽ߩߢ޽ࠆ㧚ᧄ⺞ᩏߢߪ㧘⴫ ߩࠃ߁ߦੑᰴ⺞ᩏߩᄌ⁁૏⟎Ფߦੑᰴ⺞ᩏ㧔ㅊട㧕ߩ⺞ᩏ㗄⋡ࠍᢛℂߒߚ㧚଀߃߫㧘ᵄ㄰Ꮏߦ߅ߌࠆ㓞ធࠬࡄࡦߣߩ⋧ኻ⒖േߪ㧘ႇ૕࿯⍾ߩๆ಴ߒ߽ㅴⴕߒߡ޿ࠆߎߣ߇ᗐቯߐࠇࠆߚ߼㧘࡟࡯࠳࡯តᩏ╬ߦࠃࠆๆ಴ߒ࡮ⓨᵢൻߩ᦭ήߩ⏕⹺ࠍታᣉߔࠆߎߣߣߒߚ㧚 ṖᎹṪ᷼ᶏጯߩ႐วߪ㧘ੑᰴ⺞ᩏߩᄌ⁁ߣߒߡᵄ㄰Ꮏߩ࿾ၞ⊛ߦᤘ๺  ᐕઍ߭߮ഀࠇ߇㗼⪺ߦ⃻ࠇߡ޿ࠆߎߣߣ㧘ߦᑪ⸳ߐࠇߚࠦࡦࠢ࡝࡯࠻᭴ㅧ‛ߦ㧘ࠕ࡞ࠞ࡝㛽᧚෻ᔕߦࠃࠆഠൻ߇㗼⪺ߦ⃻ࠇߡ޿ࠆߎߣ߇ࡅࠕ࡝ࡦࠣߦࠃࠅ್᣿ߒߚ㧚ߎߩߚ߼㧘ੑᰴ⺞ᩏ㧔ㅊട㧕ߩ⺞ᩏ㗄⋡ߣߒߡࠦࡦࠢ࡝࡯࠻ߩഠൻߦ⌕⋡ߒ㧘ࠦࠕࠨࡦࡊ࡝ࡦࠣߦࠃࠆ࿶❗ᒝ

79౮⌀ ṖᎹṪ᷼ᶏጯ⃻࿾⺞ᩏ⴫ ⺞ᩏࠪ࡯࠻⸥౉଀ᣂߚߥᚻᴺߦࠃࠆ࿾ၞ⸘↹ߠߊࠅߦ㑐ߔࠆ⺞ᩏ⎇ⓥ⴫ ṖᎹᶏጯ⼔ጯஜోᐲ್ቯ⚿ᨐᐲ⹜㛎ߣ㛽᧚ߩࠕ࡞ࠞ࡝෻ᔕ್ቯ⹜㛎ࠍታᣉߒߚ㧚 ࠦࡦࠢ࡝࡯࠻ߩ࿶❗ᒝᐲ⹜㛎⚿ᨐߪ㧘⴫ ߦ␜ߔࠃ߁ߦ㧘⸳⸘ၮḰᒝᐲ0OO ߦኻߒߡ  ࿾ὐߩᐔဋߢ 㧚0OO ߣᄢ߈ߊ਄࿁ߞߚ㧚৻ᣇ㧘ណขߒߚࠦࠕࠦࡦࠢ࡝࡯࠻߆ࠄ㧘ࠕ࡞ࡒࡀ࡯࠻㧘ࡐ࡞࠻࡜ࡦ࠳ࠗ࠻╬߇⏕⹺ߐࠇ㧘ࠕ࡞ࠞ࡝㛽᧚෻ᔕߦࠃࠆߣᕁࠊࠇࠆ੉⴫ ੑᰴ⺞ᩏ㧔ㅊട㧕ߢታᣉߔࠆ⺞ᩏ↲⁁ߩ߭߮ഀࠇ߽ᄙᢙ⊒↢ߒߡ޿ࠆߎߣ߆ࠄ㧘ࠕ࡞ࠞ࡝㛽᧚෻ᔕߦࠃࠆഠൻ߇ㅴⴕߒߡ޿ࠆ߽ߩߣផኤߐࠇߚ㧚 એ਄ߩߎߣࠃࠅ㧘ᧄᣉ⸳ߩᄌ⁁ߩਥⷐ࿃ߪࠕ࡞ࠞ࡝㛽᧚෻ᔕߢ޽ࠆߣ್ᢿߒߚ㧚ߚߛߒ㧘ࠦࠕࠨࡦࡊ࡝ࡦࠣߪ㧘࿶❗⹜㛎ࠍⴕ߁ߚ߼ߦ߭߮ഀࠇㇱಽ╬ࠍ㒰޿ߚᲧセ⊛ஜోߥ▎ᚲߢណขߒߡ޿ࠆߚ߼㧘⸳⸘ၮḰᒝᐲࠍ਄࿁ߞߚ⚿ᨐߦߥߞߚ߽ߩߣផኤߐࠇࠆ㧚ߎߩߚ߼㧘᭴ㅧㇱ᧚ߣߒߡߩᒝᐲߪ⃻ᤨὐߢ⏕଻ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆߣ್ᢿߢ߈ࠆ߇㧘ᑪ⸳ᒰᤨߩᒝᐲ߇ਇ᣿ߥߚ߼㧔ᤘ๺ 㨪 ᐕઍᑪ⸳ߩ᭴ㅧ‛ߦ߅޿ߡߪᒝᐲ╬ߩጁᱧߦ㑐ߔࠆᖱႎߦߟ޿ߡߪਇ᣿ߥ߽ߩ߇߶ߣࠎߤߢ޽ࠆ㧕㧘⃻⁁߹ߢߩഠൻߩㅴⴕ⁁ᴫߪਇ᣿ߢ޽ࠆ㧚ߐࠄߦ㧘࿶❗ᒝᐲ߇ 㨪0OO ߣ߫ࠄߟ߈߇ᄢ߈ߊ㧘% ࿾ὐߩࠃ߁ߦ⸳⸘ၮḰᒝᐲߦኻߔࠆ⸵ኈ▸࿐߇ 㨪 ഀ⒟ᐲߒ߆ߥ޿ߎ
ߣ߆ࠄ߽዁᧪⊛ߥഠൻߩㅴዷߦ߽⇐ᗧ߇ᔅⷐߢ޽ࠆ㧚⴫ੑᰴ⺞ᩏ㧔ㅊട㧕⚿ᨐ㧔࿶❗ᒝᐲ⹜㛎㧕㧠㧚ኻ╷Ꮏᴺㆬቯᚻᴺߩឭ᩺ߣ⠧᧎ൻኻ╷⸘↹ߩ╷ቯ⺞ᩏ࿾ὐ㧭࿾ὐᧄ⺞ᩏߢߪ㧘ኻ╷Ꮏߩㆬቯߩߚ߼ߦ࿑ ߦ␜ߔኻ╷Ꮏᴺㆬቯᚻᴺࠍឭ᩺ߒߚ㧚㧮࿾ὐߎߩᚻᴺߢߪ߹ߕ㧘ᄌ⁁ߩⷐ࿃ⓥ᣿ߣ೙⚂᧦ઙߩᢛℂࠍⴕ޿㧘ኻ╷ߩᣇ㊎ࠍ✢⊛ߥኻ╷ߣ㕙⊛ߥኻ╷ߩਔ㕙߆ࠄ✚ว⊛ߦ᳿ቯߒߡ㧘㧯࿾ὐ

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ᜬߞߡㆡಾߦ㈩⟎ߔࠆߎߣߦࠃࠅ㧘ᵄᶉ╬ߩᄖജࠍᴒว߆ࠄᓢ‫ߦޘ‬ᒙ߼ߥ߇ࠄ㒐⼔ߔࠆኻ╷ࠍᜰߔ㧚㽲ᄌ⁁䈱ⷐ࿃ⓥ᣿䊶ㇱ᧚⥄૕䈱⠧᧎ൻ䊶ㇱ᧚⥄૕䈲ஜో䈪䈅䉎䈏ᄌ⁁ㅪ㎮䈏↢䈛䈩䈇䉎䊶ㇱ᧚⥄૕䈱⠧᧎ൻ䈫ᄌ⁁ㅪ㎮䈱ਔᣇ䈏↢䈛䈩䈇䉎㩷㽳೙⚂᧦ઙ䈱ᢛℂ ᄌ⁁ߩේ࿃ⓥ᣿ ᵄ㄰Ꮏߩᄌ⁁ߪ㧘ੑᰴ⺞ᩏ㧔ㅊട㧕ߩ⚿ᨐࠃࠅ㧘ࠕ࡞ࠞ࡝㛽᧚෻ᔕߦࠃࠆㇱ᧚⥄૕ߩ⠧᧎ൻߦ⿠࿃ߒߡ޿ࠆ㧚 ೙⚂᧦ઙߩᢛℂ⃻࿾⺞ᩏ߅ࠃ߮ࡅࠕ࡝ࡦࠣ߆ࠄኻ╷Ꮏᴺߩㆬቯߦ߅ߌࠆએਅߩ೙⚂᧦ઙ߇⏕⹺ߐࠇߚ㧚80䊶ᣉ⸳⢛ᓟ䈮㆏〝䉇᳃ኅ䈏ሽ࿷䈚䇮ႇ૕䈱᜛᏷䉕䈫䉅䈭䈉ኻ╷䈏ⴕ䈋䈭䈇䊶ᣉ⸳೨㕙ᶏၞ䈏Ṫ႐䈫䈚䈩೑↪䈘䉏䈩䈇䉎䈢䉄䇮ᶏਛ䈮ᣉ⸳䉕⸳⟎䈜䉎ኻ╷䈏ⴕ䈋䈭䈇䊶⸳⸘᧦ઙ䈱⷗⋥䈚䈮䉋䉍⸳⸘ᵄ䈏Ⴧᄢ䈚䈢䇭䇭䇭䇭䇭䇭䇭䇭䇭䇭䇭䇭䈭䈬㽵ኻ╷Ꮏᴺ䈱᳿ቯ㽴ኻ╷䈱ᣇ㊎᳿ቯ䊶✢⊛䈭ኻ╷䊶㕙⊛䈭ኻ╷䊶⴫㪄㪎䈎䉌ኻ╷Ꮏᴺ䉕ᢙ᩺ㆬቯ䊶ㆬቯ䈚䈢ᢙ᩺䈱ኻ╷Ꮏᴺ䈱㪣㪚㪚䉕Ყセ䈚䇮ᦨ䉅᦭೑䈭᩺䉕ណ↪䈜䉎䋨੍▚䊶ᣉ⸳䈱㊀ⷐᐲ╬䉅ട๧䈜䉎䋩࿑ኻ╷Ꮏᴺㆬቯᚻᴺᣂߚߥᚻᴺߦࠃࠆ࿾ၞ⸘↹ߠߊࠅߦ㑐ߔࠆ⺞ᩏ⎇ⓥԘᣉ⸳ߩ⋥⢛ᓟߦ㆏〝࡮᳃ኅ߇ㄭធߒߡ޿ࠆߚ߼㧘㒽஥ ⴫ ᄌ⁁ߦᔕߓߚㅊട⺞ᩏ㗄⋡ߣኻ╷Ꮏᴺߩ㑐ଥ߳ߩႇ૕᜛᏷ࠍⴕࠊߥ޿㧚ԙᣉ⸳೨㕙ᶏၞ߇Ṫ႐೑↪ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆߚ߼㧘ᶏਛߦᣂߚߦᣉ⸳ࠍ⸳⟎ߒߥ޿㧚Ԛ⸳⸘᧦ઙߩ⷗⋥ߒߦࠃࠅ㧘⸳⸘ᵄ߇ᄢ߈ߊߥߞߚߚ߼㧘ᵄᶉૐᷫᯏ⢻ߩะ਄߇ᔅⷐߣߥࠆ㧚 ኻ╷ߩᣇ㊎෸߮Ꮏᴺߩ᳿ቯ ኻ╷ߩᣇ㊎ߪ㧘਄⸥ԙߩ೙⚂᧦ઙ߆ࠄ㧘✢⊛ߥᯏ⢻ᒝൻࠍⴕ߁ߎߣߣߒߚ㧚 ߹ߚ㧘ኻ⽎ᣉ⸳ߪ㧘ᵄ㄰Ꮏߩࠦࡦࠢ࡝࡯࠻ߩഠൻ㧘․ߦ㧘߭߮ഀࠇ߇㗼⪺ߦ⃻ࠇߡ߅ࠅ㧘ߘߩⷐ࿃ߪࠕ࡞ࠞ࡝㛽᧚෻ᔕߢ޽ࠆߎߣ߇⏕⹺ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆߎߣ߆ࠄ㧘ኻ╷Ꮏᴺߪ⴫ ࠃࠅ㧘ࠦࡦࠢ࡝࡯࠻ⵍⷒߦࠃࠆჇෘࠍㆬቯߒߚ㧚⸳⸘ᵄ㜞ߩჇᄢߦኻߒߡߪ㧘ᵄ㄰Ꮏߩ፾਄ߍߦࠃࠅኻᔕߔࠆߎߣߣߒߚ㧚 ኻ╷Ꮏᴺߩႇ૕ᢿ㕙ᒻ⁁ ࠕ࡞ࠞ࡝㛽᧚෻ᔕߦࠃࠆ߭߮ഀࠇ߇↢ߓߡ޿ࠆࠦࡦࠢ࡝࡯࠻⴫㕙ㇱಽࠍขࠅ㒰߈㧘ᣂⷙࠦࡦࠢ࡝࡯࠻ߦࠃࠆⵍⷒ࡮Ⴧෘࠍⴕߞߚ႐ว㧘ႇ૕ౝㇱߦᱷߐࠇߚ෻ᔕᕈ㛽᧚߇ේ࿃ߣߥࠅౣ߮߭߮ഀࠇ߇⊒↢ߔࠆ੐߇ ᔨߐࠇߚ㧚ߎߩߚ߼㧘ႇ૕ࠦࡦࠢ࡝࡯࠻ߦ෻ᔕᕈ㛽᧚ߦࠃࠆ⤘ᒛ߇↢ߓߥ޿ࠃ߁ߦ㧘ᣂ࡮ᣥࠦࡦࠢ࡝࡯࠻Ⴚ⇇ㇱ߳એਅߩᛥ೙ኻ╷ࠍ⻠ߕࠆ੐ߣߒߚ㧚Ԙ෻ᔕᕈ㛽᧚ᛥ೙ኻ╷  ᣂ⸳ࠦࡦࠢ࡝࡯࠻ߪ㧘‫ޟ‬ήᯏ⾰࠮ࡔࡦ࠻⚿᥏Ⴧᱺ᧚‫ࠍޠ‬ᷝടߒߚ߽ߩߣߔࠆ㧚ᵄ㄰Ꮏ፾਄ߍᎿԙౝㇱᔕജኻ╷ࠦࡦࠢ࡝࡯࠻  ᣂ⸳ࠦࡦࠢ࡝࡯࠻ߣᣢ⸳ࠦࡦࠢ࡝࡯࠻ࠍࠕࡦࠞⵍⷒߦࠃࠆჇෘ࡯㋕╭ߦࠃࠅ৻૕ൻߒ㧘4% ᭴ㅧߣߒߡ᜔᧤ജࠍ㜞߼㧘ࠕ࡞ࠞ࡝㛽᧚෻ᔕߦࠃࠆ⤘ᒛ࿶ߦኻߒߡචಽᛶ᛫ߢ߈ࠆ᭴ㅧߣߒߚ㧚ࠕࡦࠞ࡯㋕╭ߦࠃࠆ৻૕ൻ਄⸥ᚻ㗅ࠍ〯߹߃ߡኻ╷Ꮏᴺߩᢿ㕙ࠍ࿑ ߣߒߚ㧚࿑ ኻ╷Ꮏᴺߩႇ૕ᢿ㕙㧡㧚ᚑᨐߩᵴ↪
ᧄᚻᴺߩᦨᄢߩ․ᓽߪ㧘ኻ╷Ꮏᴺߩㆬቯࡊࡠ࠮ࠬߩ᣿⏕ൻߦ޽ࠆ㧚৻⥸⊛ߥኻ╷Ꮏᴺߩㆬቯߦ߅޿ߡߪ㧘ᜂᒰ⠪ߩ⚻㛎ߦ߽ߣߠ߈⠧᧎ൻߩⷐ࿃ࠍᗐቯߒ㧘ㅊട⺞ᩏࠍㆡቱታᣉߒߡ޿߈ߥ߇ࠄኻ╷Ꮏᴺࠍ⏕ቯߐߖߡ޿ߊ㧚ߎߩࠃ߁ߥ⚻㛎ߦ㊀߈ࠍ⟎ߊኻ╷Ꮏᴺߩㆬቯࡊࡠ࠮ࠬߪ㧘ኾ㐷ᛛⴚࠍ᦭ߔࠆᛛⴚ⠪߇ਇ⿷ߔࠆᄙߊߩᶏጯ▤ℂ⠪ߦߣߞߡᤨ㑆⊛ߥ೙⚂ߣ੍▚⊛ߥ೙⚂ਅߦ߅޿ߡߪ㧘ኻᔕ߇㔍ߒ޿ߣ߽޿߃ࠆ㧚ᧄ⺞ᩏߪ㧘੐೨ߩᬌ⸛Ბ㓏ߦ߅޿ߡ㧘‫ޟ‬ᄌ⁁ߩ⁁ᴫߦᔕߓߚ⹦⚦⺞ᩏ㗄⋡‫․ޟߣޠ‬ቯߒߚᄌ⁁ⷐ࿃ߣߘࠇߦኻᔕߒߚኻ╷Ꮏᴺ‫ࠍޠ‬᣿⏕ൻ㧔ኻᔕᚻ㗅ߣኻᔕ⴫ߩ૞ᚑߦࠃࠆኻ╷Ꮏᴺㆬቯᚻᴺߩឭ᩺㧕ߔࠆߎߣߦࠃࠅ㧘ല₸⊛ߥኻ╷Ꮏᴺߩㆬቯߩᡰេࠍ࿑ࠆ߽ߩߢ޽ࠆ㧚ㆬቯᚻᴺߩᅷᒰᕈߦߟ޿ߡߪ㧘⃻࿾ᬌ⸽ߦࠃࠅ㧘⠧᧎ൻኻ╷⸘↹ߩ╷ቯߦᒰߚߞߡߪᧄᚻᴺࠍᵴ↪ߔࠆߎߣߦࠃࠅല₸⊛ߦኻ╷⸘↹ߩ╷ቯ߇น⢻ߢ޽ࠆߎߣ߇⏕⹺ߢ߈ߚ㧚ߒ߆ߒ㧘ㆬቯߒߚኻ╷Ꮏᴺߩ᦭ലᕈߦߟ޿ߡߪ㧘⃻Ბ㓏ߢߪቯ㊂⊛ߥലᨐߪ⏕⹺ߢ߈ߡ޿ߥ޿ߩ߇ታ⁁ߢ޽ࠆ㧚੹ᓟߩ⛮81ᣂߚߥᚻᴺߦࠃࠆ࿾ၞ⸘↹ߠߊࠅߦ㑐ߔࠆ⺞ᩏ⎇ⓥ⛯⊛ߥ⺞ᩏࠍታᣉߒߡ޿ߊߎߣߦࠃࠅㆬቯߒߚᎿᴺ⥄૕ߩ᦭ലᕈߦߟ޿ߡ⏕⹺ߒߡ޿ߊߎߣ߇ᔅⷐߣ⠨߃ࠆ㧚 ߚߛߒ㧘⃻ᤨὐߢߩㅊട⺞ᩏ㗄⋡ߣኻ╷Ꮏᴺߩ㑐ଥࠍᢛℂߒߚ⴫࡮⴫ ߢߪ㧘߹ߛ⚻㛎ߦࠃࠆ್ᢿߦ⽶߁ㇱಽ߇ᱷߐࠇߡ߅ࠅ㧘ᄌ⁁࡜ࡦࠢߩቴⷰ⊛ߥᢙ୯ߦࠃࠆቯ㊂ൻ߿್ᢿၮḰߩ᣿⏕ൻ߿ㆡ↪Ꮏ⒳ߩ᜛ᄢߥߤ߇ᔅⷐߢ
޽ࠆ㧚ࠃࠅല₸⊛ߥኻ╷Ꮏᴺߩㆬቯࠍታ⃻ߢ߈ࠆࠃ߁ߦߔࠆߚ߼ߦߪ㧘ᦝߦᄙߊߩ੐଀ࠍరߦᧄㆬቯ⴫ߩᬌ⸽ࠍⴕ޿㧘♖ᐲߣᅷᒰᕈࠍ㜞߼ࠆߣߣ߽ߦ㧘⺞ᩏ⚿ᨐߩ⫾Ⓧ㧔࠺࡯࠲ࡌ࡯ࠬൻ㧕ߦࠃࠅ◲ᤃ⊛ߦᎿᴺࠍㆬቯߢ߈ࠆ᭽
ߦᡷ⦟ߒߡ޿ߊᔅⷐ߇޽ࠆ㧚߹ߚ㧘▤ℂ⠪߳ߩࡅࠕ࡝ࡦࠣߣ᦭⼂⠪ߦࠃࠆᬌ⸛ᆔຬળߦࠃࠅㆬቯᚻᴺߩ᦭ലᕈߩ⹏ଔࠍⴕ޿㧘ᧄㆬቯᚻᴺࠍ
฽߼ߚ⺞ᩏߩᚑᨐࠍࡑ࠾ࡘࠕ࡞ߣߒߡ߹ߣ߼㧘▤ℂ⠪߳㈩Ꮣߐࠇߚ㧚▤ℂ⠪߇ࡑ࠾ࡘࠕ࡞ߦࠃࠆ⺞ᩏࠍታᣉߔࠆ
ߎߣߦࠃࠅ㧘৻ቯߩᚻᴺߦࠃࠆ⺞ᩏ࠺࡯࠲߇⫾Ⓧߐࠇ㧘ᧄᚻᴺߩ᦭ലᕈ߿♖ᐲߩะ਄߇࿑ࠄࠇࠆߎߣ߇ᦼᓙߐࠇ
ࠆ㧚੹ᓟߪ㧘ቴⷰ⊛ߥ⸻ᢿᚻᴺߩዉ౉߿◲ᤃ⊛ߥ⸻ᢿᚻᴺߩౝ൮߽ⷞ㊁ߦ౉ࠇ㧘ࠃࠅታ↪⊛ߥㆬቯᚻᴺࠍᬌ⸛ߒߡ޿ߊ੍ቯߢ޽ࠆ㧚ෳ⠨ᢥ₂
 ㄘᨋ᳓↥⋭ㄘ᧛ᝄ⥝ዪ㒐ἴ⺖㧘ㄘᨋ᳓↥⋭᳓↥ᐡ㒐ἴṪ᧛⺖㧘࿖࿯੤ㅢ⋭ᴡᎹዪᶏጯቶ㧘࿖࿯੤ㅢ⋭᷼ḧዪᶏጯ࡮㒐ἴ⺖㧦࡜ࠗࡈࠨࠗࠢ࡞ࡑࡀࠫࡔࡦ࠻ߩߚ߼ߩᶏጯ଻ోᣉ⸳⛽ᜬ▤ℂࡑ࠾ࡘࠕ࡞㧔᩺㧕㧘 ᐕ  ᦬㧚 ㄘᨋ᳓↥⋭᳓↥ᐡ㒐ἴṪ᧛⺖㧦ᶏጯ଻ోᣉ⸳ߩ⠧᧎ൻ⺞ᩏ෸߮⠧᧎ൻኻ╷⸘↹╷ቯߩߚ߼ߩታോ ࡑ࠾ࡘࠕ࡞㧔ᥳቯ 㧕㧘 ᐕ  ᦬㧚㧘 ᐕ  ᦬㧚 ␠࿅ᴺੱ࿯ᧁቇળ㧦ࠦࡦࠢ࡝࡯࠻ᮡḰ␜ᣇᦠ‫⛽ޣ‬ᜬ▤ℂ✬‫ޤ‬ ␠࿅ᴺੱ࿯ᧁቇળ㧦ࠦࡦࠢ࡝࡯࠻ᮡḰ␜ᣇᦠ‫⛽ޣ‬ᜬ▤ℂ✬‫ߦޤ‬Ḱ᜚ߒߚ⛽ᜬ▤ℂࡑ࠾ࡘࠕ࡞㧔ߘߩ㧝㧕߅ࠃ߮㑐ㅪ⾗ᢱ㧘ᐕ  ᦬㧚 ⽷࿅ᴺੱᴪጯ㐿⊒ᛛⴚ⎇ⓥ࠮ࡦ࠲࡯㧦᷼ḧ᭴ㅧ‛ߩ⛽ᜬ࡮⵬ୃࡑ࠾ࡘࠕ࡞㧘 ᐕ  ᦬㧚 ⽷࿅ᴺੱᴪጯᛛⴚ⎇ⓥ࠮ࡦ࠲࡯㧦᷼ḧߩᣉ⸳ߩ⛽ᜬ▤ℂᛛⴚࡑ࠾ࡘࠕ࡞㧘 ᐕ  ᦬㧚 ␠࿅ᴺੱ࿯ᧁቇળ㧦ᶏጯᣉ⸳⸳⸘ଢⷩ㧘 ᐕ 㧚82