ISSN 1020-914X

UNAFEI

NEWSLETTER
UNAFEI

UNITED NATIONS ASIA AND FAR EASTINSTITUTE FOR THE PREVENTION OF CRIME
AND THE TREATMENT OF OFFENDERS

No. 149
March 2016

Established1961
IN THIS ISSUE



Page

LETTER FROM THE DIRECTOR

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THE 162ND INTERNATIONAL SENIOR SEMINAR

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MULTI-AGENCY COOPERATION IN COMMUNITY-BASED TREATMENT OF OFFENDERS
Seminar Rationale
Seminar Summary
Lecture Topics
Individual Presentation Topics
Group Workshop Sessions
Observation Visits
Group Study Tours
Special Events
Reference Materials
Expert and Participant List
The 18th UNAFEI UNCAC Training Programme

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INFORMATION ABOUT FORTHCOMING PROGRAMMESThe Third Criminal Justice Training Programme for French-Speaking African Countries
The 163rd International Training Course
The 164th International Training Course

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ADMINISTRATIVE NEWS
Overseas Trips by Staff
FACULTY AND STAFF OF UNAFEI

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UNAFEI IS AN AFFILIATED REGIONAL INSTITUTE OF THE UNITED NATIONS

1-26, HARUMI-CHO, FUCHU, TOKYO 183-0057, JAPANTEL: 81-42-333-7021 ◆ FAX: 81-42-333-4656 ◆ E-MAIL: unafei@moj.go.jp
HOME PAGE: http://www.unafei.or.jp/

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LETTER FROM THE DIRECTOR
It is my privilege to inform readers of the successful completion of the 162nd International Senior Seminar on “Multi-Agency Cooperation in Community-Based Treatment of
Offenders”, which took place from 13 January to 12 February 2016. In this Seminar, wewelcomed 6 Japanese participants and 15 overseas participants: 7 from Asia, 4 from Africa, 2from South America and 2 from Oceania. The participants included judges, prosecutors,
probation officers, police officers and other public officials. As this newsletter demonstrates,
the Seminar was extremely productive. It consisted of lectures by visiting experts, ad hoc
lecturers, UNAFEI faculty members, individual presentations, visits to relevant criminal
justice agencies, and group-workshop and plenary sessions.
As the challenges facing prison systems around the world have increased, communitybased treatment of offenders has become a global trend. After release, prisoners require not
only supervision by probation officers but also support for their rehabilitation, particularly interms of employment and housing assistance. Thus, to prevent recidivism effectively, offender
rehabilitation agencies and organizations should supervise and support offenders seamlessly
and collaboratively to facilitate the reintegration of offenders into the community.
UNAFEI, as one of the institutes of the United Nations Crime Prevention and Criminal
Justice Programme Network, held this Seminar to offer participants an opportunity to clarify
and analyse the current situation of multi-agency cooperation in community-based treatment ineach participating country and to explore more effective ways to enhance it. Additionally, theparticipants were able to share experiences, gain knowledge, and build a human network ofcounterparts.
During the Seminar, the participants diligently and comprehensively examined theseminar theme, primarily through a comparative analysis. The participants shared their own
experiences and knowledge of the issues and identified problems and areas in which improvements could be made. With the academic and practical input from the visiting experts, ad hoc
lecturers and UNAFEI faculty—and the in-depth discussions they had with each other—theparticipants are now better equipped to engage in multi-agency cooperation in the communitybased treatment of offenders.
I would like to offer my sincere congratulations to all of the participants upon their successful completion of the Seminar, made possible by their strenuous efforts. My heartfelt
gratitude goes out to the visiting experts and ad hoc lecturers who contributed a great deal to
the Seminar’s success. Furthermore, I appreciate the indispensable assistance and cooperation
extended to UNAFEI by various agencies and institutions that helped diversify the Seminar.
I would also like to express my great appreciation to the Japan International Cooperation
Agency (JICA) for its immeasurable support throughout the Seminar. At the same time, awarm tribute must be paid to the Asia Crime Prevention Foundation (ACPF) and its branch organizations for their substantial contributions to our activities. Lastly, I owe my gratitude to all
the individuals whose unselfish efforts behind the scenes contributed significantly to the successful realization of this Seminar.
Upon returning to their home countries, I genuinely believe that, like their predecessors,
the strong determination and dedication of the participants will enable them to work towards

2
the improvement of their respective nations’ criminal justice systems, and towards the benefit
of international society as a whole.
Finally, I would like to reiterate my best regards to the participants of the 162nd International Senior Seminar. I hope that the experience they gained during the Seminar proves
valuable in their daily work and that the bonds fostered among the participants, visiting experts
and UNAFEI staff will continue to grow for many years to come.
March 2016

YAMASHITA, Terutoshi
Director, UNAFEI

3
THE 162ND INTERNATIONAL SENIOR SEMINAR
MULTI-AGENCY COOPERATION IN COMMUNITY-BASED TREATMENT OF
OFFENDERS
Seminar Rationale

The aim of this seminar was to share information and experiences of multi-agency cooperation in the field of community-based offender rehabilitation. In particular, multi-agency cooperation was considered in the context of core rehabilitative measures, emphasizing employment and housing assistance for released offenders.
As criminologists have learned that social exclusion has a negative impact on offenders
by leading them towards anti-social conduct, community-based treatment has become a global
trend. The evidence-based study of desistance from crime and recidivism risk factors has
shown that recidivism risk declines when offenders are reintegrated into society. Thus, policies
favouring incarceration have given way to offender reintegration strategies.
Reintegration is important because many criminals face the problem of isolation fromtheir families and communities. Recent studies explain that factors such as unemployment andhomelessness invite recidivism. Therefore, securing jobs and homes are crucial to enhancing
each offender’s self-reliance, as well as to reducing recidivism.
Offenders require not only supervision by probation officers but also pre-releasetreatment and support for their rehabilitation during incarceration. Moreover, the understanding of the community members is also important to reintegrate offenders into society. Thus, toprevent recidivism effectively, agencies and organizations related to offender rehabilitation
should supervise and support offenders seamlessly and collaboratively until offenders reintegrate into the community.
I. JOB ASSISTANCE FOR OFFENDERS
Recent studies point out that stable employment is important for desistance from committing crimes. For example, 70% of recidivists are unemployed when they recommit crime.
Moreover, unemployed ex-offenders have a recidivism rate about four times higher than thatof employed ex-offenders. Many offenders have difficulties such as the lack of basic
knowledge and working skills, employment restrictions caused by their past criminal records
and so on. Therefore, job training to obtain the requisite knowledge and skills should be
carried out in the penal institutions; the penal institutions, probation offices and public employment security offices must cooperate with each other early on in order to provide the offenderwith skills during incarceration that will help the offender get a job upon release. At the sametime, to keep ex-offenders employed continuously, it is important not only that probation
officers supervise ex-offenders to maintain their motivation to work but also that the public
sector creates an environment in which employers feel comfortable hiring ex-offenders.
Therefore, probation officers must provide appropriate instruction and supervision to ex-of-

4fenders while maintaining cooperative relationships with employers.
In other parts of the world, governments pursue different approaches to support the reintegration of offenders into the community. In certain European countries, social inclusion
policies are promoted through cooperation between the public and private sectors. Offender
treatment is fused to social welfare policy through job training, employment services, housing,and lifestyle improvement. Moreover, social farms are used as tools for offender treatment,
and support for social farms by the government is widespread. In addition, in North America,
NPOs and other support groups lead the effort to encourage offender rehabilitation, andnational governments and local authorities support them financially.
II. PREVENTING RECIDIVISM THROUGH HOUSING ASSISTANCE
Repeated incarceration often strains the relationship between offenders and theirfamilies. As a result, repeat offenders are less likely to have homes and families to return to.
According to Japanese statistics, approximately 6,400 prisoners are released from penal institutions without fixed habitation annually, and approximately one third of them return to penal
institutions within two years from their release.
Prior to release, it is necessary for those offenders to find places to live, such as halfway
houses or other social welfare facilities. Multi-agency cooperation among penal institutions,probation offices, social welfare agencies, NPOs, and other related organizations is necessary
to find suitable places for offenders to live after their release, particularly for the elderly andthe disabled.
In Europe, social farms fulfil an important role in solving these problems. In addition,social welfare services, as well as criminal justice agencies, have been playing a significant
part in providing care for elderly and disabled prisoners.
III. EFFECTIVE MULTI-AGENCY COOPERATION
To maintain effective multi-agency cooperation for offender rehabilitation, each agency
must engage in well-organized partnership on a consistent basis. However, while there can be
no doubt that multi-agency cooperation is important in the prevention of recidivism, there
remain several problems in practice. For example, these problems include locus of responsibility, leadership struggles, and lack of information sharing as a result of sectionalism.
IV. KEY TOPICS OF THE SEMINAR
The following are key topics that were addressed during the Seminar:(1) Role of community-based treatment and its effectsa. 		 Historical developmentb. Missionc. 		 Overview of the agencies related to the prevention of recidivism
d. Implementation of community-based treatment of offenders
e. 		 Preventing recidivism through community-based treatmentf. 		Measures to enhance public awareness and obtain public support for community-based treatment

5(2) Multi-agency cooperation in community-based treatment: problems and solutions
a. 		 Methods of multi-agency cooperation
b. Challenges facing multi-agency cooperationc. 		 Case examination
If participants’ countries do not have probation systems or systematic community-based
rehabilitation of offenders, the following are key topics that were addressed during the
Seminar:(1) Identification of available social resources and partnering agencies to support
offender rehabilitation.
(2) Effective steps to prevent recidivism.
Each participant was required to submit an Individual Presentation Paper regarding theabove-mentioned topics as they apply to his or her country, and to explain and discuss these
topics in his or her individual presentation.

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Seminar Summary
Lectures
During the Seminar, the participants attended 35 lectures, including 6 presented by thevisiting experts, 5 by ad hoc lecturers and 9 by the faculty of UNAFEI. Two distinguishedcriminal justice practitioners served as UNAFEI’s visiting experts. They lectured on issues
relating to the main theme of the Seminar and contributed significantly beyond their lecturesby encouraging discussions after their lectures, participating in the discussions of other programmes, and conversing with the participants on informal occasions. Additionally, the ad hoc
lectures were delivered by professors from Japanese universities and an official from the Rehabilitation Bureau of the Japanese Ministry of Justice. The lecturers and lecture topics are listed
on pages 7 to 8.
Individual Presentations
During the second week of the course, all participants delivered individual presentations
which introduced the situation, problems and future prospects of the participants’ countries.
These papers were compiled onto a USB memory stick and distributed to all the participants.
The titles of these individual presentation papers are listed on pages 9 to 10.
Group Workshop Sessions
Group workshop sessions provided the participants with the opportunity to further
examine the sub-topics of the main theme. In order to conduct each session effectively, the
UNAFEI faculty selected individuals to serve as group members for the sub-topics, based on
their responses to a previously distributed questionnaire. Selected participants served as chairpersons, co-chairpersons, rapporteurs or co-rapporteurs, and faculty members served asadvisers. Each group’s primary responsibility was to explore and develop their designated
topics in the group workshop sessions. The participants and UNAFEI faculty studied the topics
and exchanged their views based on information obtained through personal experience, the individual presentations, lectures and so forth. After the group workshop sessions, reports weredrafted based on the discussions in their groups. These reports were subsequently presented in
the plenary report-back session, where they were endorsed as the reports of the Seminar. Briefsummaries of the group workshop reports are provided on pages 11 to 13.
Visits and Special Events
Visits to various agencies and institutions in Japan helped the participants obtain a morepractical understanding of the Japanese criminal justice system. In addition to the Seminar’s
academic agenda, many activities were arranged to provide a greater understanding ofJapanese society and culture, with the assistance of various organizations and individuals,
including the Asia Crime Prevention Foundation (ACPF). For more detailed descriptions,please refer to pages 14 to 16.

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Lecture Topics

Visiting Experts’ Lectures
1)

Prof. Robert Canton• The Relevance of Desistance Research for Probation Practice• Inter-Agency Co-operation: How Can it Best Enhance Compliance with the Law?
• The Future of Community Penalties

2)

Ms. Beverly Diane Williams• Government Policies and Practices that Support Successful Re-Entry of Justice-Involved Individuals• Employment and Housing Models for People with Criminal Records
• Improving Efficiency and Outcomes through Collaborations: an NGO Perspective

UNAFEI Professors’ Lectures
1)

Ms. WATANABE Ayuko, Professor, UNAFEI• Japanese Criminal Justice Procedure (overview)

2)

Mr. TSUJI Takanori, Professor, UNAFEI• The Criminal Justice System in Japan: Japanese Police

3)

Mr. YUKAWA Tsuyoshi, Professor, UNAFEI• Criminal Justice System in Japan: Investigation, Prosecution and Trial

4)

Mr. HIROSE Yusuke, Professor, UNAFEI• the Juvenile Justice System in Japan

5)

Mr. NAGAI Toru, Professor, UNAFEI• Penal Institutions in Japan8
6)

Mr. YOSHIMURA Koji, Professor, UNAFEI• Institutional Corrections in Japan (Juvenile Correctional Institutions)

7)Mr. MINOURA Satoshi, Professor, UNAFEI• Community-Based Treatment of Offenders
• Volunteer Probation Officers in Japan8)

Ms. AKASHI Fumiko, Professor, UNAFEI• Community-Based Treatment of Offenders in Japan

Ad Hoc Lectures
1)

Prof. FUJIMOTO, Tetsuya
Professor, Criminology and Criminal Law in the Department of Victimology, Tokiwa
University• Change of Paradigm in the Treatment of Offenders: to Community Treatment from theInstitutional Treatment

2)

Ms. TAKIZAWA, Chizuko
Coordinator for Rehabilitation of Offenders, Rehabilitation Bureau, General Affairs
Division, Ministry of Justice (MOJ)• Re-offending Prevention Measures in Japan―Focusing on security of residence andsupport for employment

3)Prof. MORIYAMA, Tadashi
Professor, Faculty of Political Science and Economics, Takushoku University• Linkage between Correction and Rehabilitation for Community-based Offender
Treatment in Japan and the UK

4)

Prof. KONAGAI, Kayo
Professor, Department of Community and Human Services, Rikkyo University• Multi-agency Collaboration in Community-Based Treatment of Offenders in France

5)

Mr. IZUMARU, Takeshi
Director, Nagasaki Prefecture Community Settlement Support Centre• Collaboration between Institutions on the Treatment of Offenders―A View from the
Front Lines of Welfare9
Individual Presentation Topics
Overseas Participantss
1)

Ms. Hosne Ara AKTER (Bangladesh)• Non-Custodial Measures for Offender Treatment and the Community-Based Treatment
System of Bangladesh

2)

Mr. Tashi PHUNTSHO (Bhutan)• Multi-Agency Cooperation in Community Based Treatment of Offenders: “A Perspective View of the Bhutanese System”

3)

Mr. Thiago Ferreira OLIVEIRA (Brazil)• The Enforcement of Criminal Sentences in Brazil: Progressive Regime and Prospects
for Rehabilitation of Offenders

4)

Mr. Nilton Joaquim OLIVEIRA JUNIOR (Brazil)• Federative Republic of Brazil Civil Police of the Federal District Crime Prevention andCriminal Justice5)

Mr. Seraphin Ramazani NYEMBO (Democratic Republic of the Congo)• Multi-Agency Cooperation in Community Based Treatment: Problems and Solutions

6)

Ms. Grace Achieng OJUNGA (Kenya)• Multi-Agency Cooperation in Community Based Treatment of Offenders: Role ofCommunity-Based Treatment and its Benefits in Kenya

7)

Mr. Joseph Kala MUASYA (Kenya)• Multi-Agency Co-Operation in Community Based Treatment of Offenders

8)

Mr. George Odhiambo DIANGA (Kenya)• Multi-Agency Cooperation in Community–Based Treatment of Offenders

9)

Mr. Min Kyaw Thu (Myanmar)• The Criminal Justice System in Myanmar and Its Possible Multi-Agency Cooperationin Community Treatment of Offenders

10)

Mr. Allah Dad ROSHAN (Pakistan)• Community-Based Treatment

11)

Mr. Zachary SITBAN (Papua New Guinea)• Crime Prevention and Restorative Justice in Papua New Guinea

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12)

Mr. Jeffrey Mala MESA (Papua New Guinea)• Multi-Agency Co-Operation in Community-Based Treatment of Offenders

13)

Mr. Thachvud PUTTISOMBAT (Thailand)• Community-Based Treatment of Offenders and Multi-Agency Cooperation in Thailand:
the Evolving Trend of the Thai Courts of Justice14)

Ms. Sumalee MADAM (Thailand)• The Role of the Probation Service in Vocation Support for Offenders

Course Counsellor
15)

Mr. Benjamin C. CUTAY, Jr. (Philippines)• Responding Together to the Community-Based Correction System for Treatment of
Criminal Offenders through Multi-Agency Cooperation

Japanese Participants
16)

Mr. JIMI, Takeshi• Multi-agency Cooperation in Community-based Treatment of Offenders (Efforts of theProsecution of Japan)

17)

Mr. MIZUKAMI, Taihei• Cases of Multi-Agency Cooperation at Haruna Juvenile Training School for Girls18)

Mr. NAKAMURA, Hideo• Multi-Agency Cooperation for Employment Support in the Tokyo Probation Office

19)

Mr. NISHIMOTO, Masao• Current Situation and Problems of the Special Coordination of Social Circumstances
for Offenders Who Have Difficulty in Living Independently Owing to Old Age or Disability and the Job Assistance Service for Offender Rehabilitation

20)

Ms. SHIMADA, Tamaki• the Status Quo and Issues with Courts for Rehabilitation of Offenders

21)

Mr. WAKIMOTO, Yuichiro• Justifications for a Multi-Agency Approach in Criminal Justice11Group Workshop Sessions
Group 1

EFFECTIVE MULTI-AGENCY COOPERATION IN TERMS OF
IMPLEMENTATION OF NON-CUSTODIAL MEASURES AT EACH STAGE OF
THE CRIMINAL JUSTICE PROCESS
Chairperson
Mr. Allah Dad ROSHAN(Pakistan)
Co-Chairperson
Ms. Hosne Ara AKTER(Bangladesh)
Co-Chairperson
Mr. JIMI Takeshi(Japan)Rapporteur
Mr. Min Kyaw Thu(Myanmar)
Co-Rapporteur
Mr. WAKIMOTO Yuichiro(Japan)Members
Mr. Joseph Kala MUASYA(Kenya)Mr. Thachvud PUTTISOMBAT(Thailand)
AdviserProf. WATANABE Ayuko(UNAFEI)
Report SummaryGroup 1 stressed that multi-agency cooperation is necessary to reduce recidivism, facilitate reintegration, promote non-custodial measures, and establish a safer community. Additionally, the group concluded that multi-agency cooperation is necessary at all stages of thecriminal justice process, including the pre-trial, trial, and post-trial stages.
During the discussion, multi-agency cooperation was considered from several perspectives: (a) the types of offenders who should be targeted, (b) the ideal structure of multi-agency
cooperation, (c) information sharing and analysis, (d) problems of legislation, and (e) evaluation.
Regarding the types of offenders that should be targeted, the group emphasized focusing
on low-risk and first-time offenders, as well as offenders with special needs, such as the chronically ill, the disabled, the elderly and juveniles. The group also felt that multi-agency cooperation would be facilitated by expanding sentencing options available to judges other than incarceration.
The ideal structure for multi-agency cooperation should take a holistic approach tooffender rehabilitation by involving all relevant government agencies, the private sector andthe general public (i.e., community involvement). Examples of key organizations include
NGOs, hospitals, welfare facilities and community resources. Private entities should be encouraged to participate in offender rehabilitation through the availability of government
subsidies to, for example, businesses that employ ex-offenders.
Multi-agency cooperation cannot succeed without effective information sharing andanalysis. Relevant agencies need information about the offenders in order to match theirtreatment needs with available services. However, information sharing raises the issue of confidentiality, as well as the willingness of the offender to cooperate. To the extent possible, thegroup concluded that information sharing should be based on the offender’s consent.
Regarding problems of legislation, the group explained that gaps exist between various
forms of criminal justice legislation, such as penal laws, criminal procedure codes, probation
acts, and prison acts. These gaps limit the ability of relevant agencies to collaborate with eachother, and the gaps must be bridged by special legislation, MOUs or other agreements between
agencies.
Once these gaps are bridged and collaborative procedures are established, these procedures must be evaluated by each agency involved and by independent bodies to assess effectiveness. Indicators of success include lowered recidivism rates, reduction in prison overcrowding, expanded sentencing options that encourage diversion and non-custodial measures,and positive feedback from the private sector and the community.

12Group 2
EFFECTIVE MODELS FOR MULTI-AGENCY COOPERATION IN COMMUNITYBASED TREATMENT OF OFFENDERS
Chairperson
Co-Chairperson
Rapporteur
Co-Rapporteur
Members

Mr. Zachary SITBAN(Papua New Guinea)
Mr. MIZUKAMI Taihei(Japan)Ms. Grace Achieng OJUNGA(Kenya)Mr. Nilton Joaquim OLIVEIRA JUNIOR (Brazil)
Mr. Seraphin Ramazani NYEMBO(Dem. Rep. of Congo)
Ms. Sumalee MADAM(Thailand)
Mr. NAKAMURA Hideo(Japan)Prof. AKASHI Fumiko(UNAFEI)

Advisers
Report SummaryGroup 2 was tasked with developing ideal models for multi-agency cooperation andconsidered such models from the perspective of types of offenders to be targeted, the ideal
structure for cooperation, and necessary legislation. The group members agreed that although
there is no single programme that can be considered the most effective, an effective model
should be designed to reduce recidivism, using evidence-based practices.
Criminal justice systems should be prepared to provide assistance to both low-risk andserious offenders. Typically, multi-agency cooperation is believed to benefit offenders who do
not pose a risk to society. Offenders should be assessed individually, based on each offender’sspecific crimes and rehabilitation needs, by applying the analytical framework of the RiskNeeds-Responsivity Model. However, there is an emerging trend in which reformed serious
offenders, drug offenders and sexual offenders are being given second chances to re-enter thecommunity, and the group agreed that the individualization of sentences and treatment is thepreferred model.
The group reported that multi-agency cooperation exists where there is complementaryand overlapping provision of services to the offender by both government and NGOs. Agencies
that provide services to offenders include cooperative employers, labour organizations,
hospitals, special schools, self-help groups, e.g., “AA”, community settlement support centres,
community justice centres and local government. The group identified numerous challenges tomulti-agency cooperation and proposed solutions in its group workshop report.
After reviewing the participating countries’ legislation to facilitate multi-agency cooperation, the group proposed that the following topics should be addressed in ideal legislation: (1)monitoring and controls instituted by the government on how resources are spent on offenders,(2) information sharing between agencies, (3) financial auditing and reports, and (4) eachministry directly related to the services being provided by an NGO should take direct control.
The importance of programme evaluation was discussed by the group, which acknowledged that the reduction of the recidivism rate is one important measure of effectiveness.
However, satisfying the offenders’ criminogenic needs, such as employment, housing andmedical care is fundamentally important for the rehabilitation process. Accordingly, othermeasures of effectiveness include the number of offenders who receive support upon re-entry
and the number of offenders who start and continue to work successfully.
The group concluded that successful models for multi-agency cooperation will include:(1) the development of mutual understanding between agencies and individuals, (2) active information sharing, employing the “through care” model, (3) the enactment of legislation thatencourages community-based treatment, and (4) securing sufficient budgetary resources,
political will, and the support of the public.

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Group 3

INFORMATION SHARING IN MULTI-AGENCY COOPERATION

Chairperson
Co-Chairperson
Rapporteur
Co-Rapporteur
Members

Mr. Benjamin C. CUTAY, Jr.
Mr. Thiago Ferreira OLIVEIRA
Mr. Tashi PHUNTSHOMr. Jeffrey Mala MESA
Mr. George Odhiambo DIANGA
Mr. NISHIMOTO Masao
Ms. SHIMADA Tamaki
Prof. MINOURA Satoshi(Philippines)(Brazil)(Bhutan)(Papua New Guinea)(Kenya)(Japan)(Japan)(UNAFEI)

Advisers
Report SummaryGroup 3 reported on issues surrounding information sharing in the context of multiagency cooperation in community-based treatment of offenders by considering the types ofoffenders and offences that should be targeted, information sharing and analysis, and problems
in legislation.
Collaborative multi-agency partnerships are necessary to ensure successful implementation of offender treatment programmes. Although practices and opinions differ from country tocountry, the group concluded that the treatment needs of all offenders should be addressed
through multi-agency cooperation and that recidivists should be prioritized due to their greatneed for support. Information sharing between relevant agencies plays a crucial role inachieving the desired treatment goals.
Recognizing the need to protect personal information and that laws vary among the participating countries, the group agreed that it is necessary to share the following categories of
information among relevant agencies: (1) the offender’s biographical data, (2) the nature of theoffence, (3) the offender’s history of previous offences, (4) the offender’s general health andmental condition, (5) behaviour and conduct while in a correctional facility, (6) behaviour andconduct while in a residential community, (7) education and skills training/level, (8) employment history, (9) the offender’s compliance with previous court orders and sentences, and (10)the circumstances and environment of the victim, and any compensation or civil commitment
condition to which the offender is subjected by the court.
Due to the sensitivity of such information, the group identified numerous problems associated with multi-agency information sharing. However, the group also recommended
solutions, such as establishing standard operating procedures to ensure that personal information is properly protected, obtaining the offender’s consent when necessary, establishing secure
IT systems, and conducting periodic review of information sharing practices.
The group stressed the importance of formal written procedures for requesting information between agencies. However, proper information sharing can be ensured by establishingshared databases that can be accessed by agencies that need the information. While the offender’s personal information should be shared among relevant agencies, information shared withprivate agencies should be limited to that which is necessary to complete the offender’streatment, and private agencies must use discretion when handling personal or sensitive information.
On the topic of legislation, the group agreed that distinct legislation is necessary toestablish a legal basis for multi-agency cooperation and information sharing. However, legislation cannot address all issues that will be encountered, making the execution of multi-agency
MOUs, regular meetings between agencies, and the establishment of better professionalrapport between agencies important factors for successful multi-agency cooperation.

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Observation Visits

Date

Agency/Institution

20 Jan.
Ministry of Justice (MOJ)		

Main Persons Concerned• Mr. IWAKI Mitsuhide(Minister of Justice)

Rehabilitation Bureau of the Ministry • Mr. KATAOKA Hiroshi
of Justice (MOJ)(Director-General)
Research and Training Institute (RTI)		• Ms. AKANE Tomoko(Director-General)

29 Jan.
Tokyo Probation Office		• Mr. ARAKI Tatsuhiko(Director)

Supreme Court		• Ms. SHIMADA Yasuko(Officer)

1 Feb.
Fuchu Police Station
		• Mr. SHINOHARA Shigeru(Chief Inspector)

15Group Study Tours

Date

Location

Agency/Institution

Main Persons Concerned

3 Feb.
Hokkaido
Sapporo Prison			• Mr. WATANABE Syotaro(Warden)

4 Feb.

• Mr. MIURA Mamoru(Superintending prosecutor)

Sapporo High Public Prosecutor’s
Office		Hokkaido Regional Parole Board			• Mr. NAKAGAWA Toshiyuki(Chairman)

Sapporo Probation Office			• Mr. NIKAIDO Motomu(Director)

5 Feb.

• Mr. FUJIOKA Takumi(Director)

Halfway House“Otani-Senkoen”

16Special Events

13 Jan.	 
15, 18, 21 Jan.	 

Welcome Party     Japanese Conversation Classes      The overseas participants attended three Japanese conversation classes and learned
practical Japanese expressions. The sensei (teacher) was Ms. KOIKE Keiko from EP academy.
20 Jan.	 

Courtesy Call to the Minister of Justice     andReception by the Vice-Minister of Justice

At the conclusion of their courtesy visit to the Minister of Justice, Mr. IWAKI Mitsuhide,a reception was held for the participants by the Vice-Minister of Justice, Mr. INADA Nobuo,
at the Danwa-shitsu lounge on the 20th floor of the ministry building, overlooking Hibiya
Park.
22 Jan.	 

UNAFEI International Table Tennis Tournament     The UNAFEI Table Tennis Tournament was held in the auditorium. Mixed teams of international participants, Japanese participants, and UNAFEI faculty and staff were formed, andcompeted against each other.
26 Jan.	 

Social with Volunteer Probation Officers     The participants had an opportunity to exchange views with Japanese Volunteer
Probation Officers at a social at UNAFEI.
30 Jan.	 

Home Visits     The Volunteer Probation Officers’ Association in Support of UNAFEI’s Activities kindlyorganized a home visit programme. The hosts were Mr. TANAKA Kimio, Ms. SHIBATA
Kazuko and Ms. KAWASE Keiko. They kindly invited the participants to their homes.
10 Feb.	 

Farewell Party     A party was held to bid farewell to the participants.

17
Reference Materials
UNAFEI’S 162ND INTERNATIONAL SENIOR SEMINAR
LIST OF REFERENCE MATERIALS
Title
Author
A. United Nations and Related Documents
United Nations Standard United Nations,
Minimum Rules for Non- General Assembly1custodial Measures (theresolution 45/110,
Tokyo Rules)
annex.
COMMENTARY ON
THE UNITED NATIONSSTANDARD MINIMUM
United Nations
2
RULES FOR NON-CUSTODIAL MEASURES(THE TOKYO RULES)
Introductory Handbook
on the Prevention of Re3 cidivism and the Social
Reintegration of
Offenders (data only)

UNODC

Year

1990

Note
http://www.unrol.org/files/UNI
TED~2.PDF

1993

http://www.unodc.org/documents/justice-and-prison-reform/
crimeprevention/Introductory_
2012 Handbook_on_the_Prevention_
of_Recidivism_and_the_Social_Reintegration_of_Offenders.
pdf
http://www.unicri.it/services/
library_documentation/public
1998 ations/unicri_series/Probation_
handbook.pdf

HANDBOOK ON
PROBATION SERVICES
4 -Guidelines for Probation UNICRI
Practitioners andManagers- (data only)
B. Community-Based Treatment in Japan
Rehabilitation
Offenders Rehabilitation
Bureau, Ministry of 2014
1
(Japan) (brochure)
Justice, Japan
http://www.moj.go.jp/content/
Ministry of Justice
Ministry of Justice,20152000122199.pdf(Japan) (brochure)Japan
The Comprehensive
The Governmental
Strategy for Re-offending Working Team on
2012
3
Prevention in Japan
Re-offending Pre(Overview)
vention
C. Japanese Law Related to Community-Based Treatment
http://www.japaneselawtranslation.go.jp/law/detail/?ft=2&re=
Offenders Rehabilitation
01&dn=1&yo=%E4%BF%9D
1
2007%E8%AD%B7%E5%8F%B8%
Ac（日英）
E6%B3%95&ia=03&ky=&pa
ge=1

18

2

Volunteer Probation
Officers Act（日英）3Offenders Rehabilitation
Services Act（日英）4 Penal Code（日英）Code of Criminal
Procedure（日英）1 (Part 1 and Part 2)
5
2 (Part 3-)

6 Juvenile Act（日英）D. UNAFEI Resource Materials Series
Resource Material Series
No. 84 “Community
1
UNAFEI
Involvement in Offender
Treatment” (data only)
Resource Material Series
No. 61 “Enhancement ofCommunity-Based Alter2 natives to Incarceration at UNAFEI
all Stages of the Criminal
Justice Process” (dataonly)

http://www.japaneselawtranslation.go.jp/law/detail/?ft=2&re=
01&dn=1&yo=%E4%BF%9D
1950%E8%AD%B7%E5%8F%B8%
E6%B3%95&ia=03&ky=&pa
ge=1
http://www.japaneselawtranslation.go.jp/law/detail/?ft=1&re=
01&dn=1&co=01&ia=03&ky=
1995 %E6%9B%B4%E7%94%9F%
E4%BF%9D%E8%AD%B7%E
4%BA%8B%E6%A5%AD%E6%B3%95&page=2
http://www.japaneselawtranslation.go.jp/law/detail/?ft=1&re=1907 01&dn=1&co=01&ia=03&x=5
6&y=18&ky=%E5%88%91%E
6%B3%95&page=30
http://www.japaneselawtranslation.go.jp/law/detail/?ft=1&re=
01&dn=1&co=01&ia=03&ky=%E5%88%91%E4%BA%8B%
E8%A8%B4%E8%A8%9F%E6%B3%95&page=6
1948
http://www.japaneselawtranslation.go.jp/law/detail/?ft=1&re=
01&dn=1&co=01&ia=03&ky=%E5%88%91%E4%BA%8B%
E8%A8%B4%E8%A8%9F%E6%B3%95&page=7
http://www.japaneselawtranslation.go.jp/law/detail/?ft=1&re=1948 01&dn=1&co=01&ia=03&ky=%E5%B0%91%E5%B9%B4%
E6%B3%95&page=10

2011

http://www.unafei.or.jp/english/
pages/RMS/No84.htm
http://www.unafei.or.jp/english/
pages/RMS/No61.htm

2003

19
E. Materials Related to Visiting Expert Lecture 1 (Prof. Robert Canton)
Desistance, Good Lives,
Relationships, Compli1 ance (Chapter 9,
Robert Canton
2011“Probation: Working With
Offenders.” 2011)
The point of probation:
On effectiveness, humanrights and the virtues of
2 obliquity (Criminology
Robert Canton
2012
and Criminal Justicepublished online 23
October 2012)
Taking Probation Abroad
3 (European Journal ofRobert Canton
2009
Probation, 2009)
F. Materials Related to Visiting Expert Lecture 2 (Ms. Diane Williams)
http://www.saferfoundation.org
Safer Foundation Website
Safer Foundation
1(URL only)
G. Others
https://www.gov.uk/government
Multi Agency Working/publications/multi-agency-wor
and Information Sharing
Home Office (UK)2013
1king-and-information-sharingProject UK Early
project
Findings
https://www.gov.uk/government
Multi Agency Working/publications/multi-agency-wor
2 and Information Sharing Home Office (UK)2014
king-and-information-sharingProject UK Final Reportproject
Probation Journal
The future of rehabilitaGwen Robinson and2006
3 tion: What role for thePeter Raynor
probation service?
http://cep-probation.org/knowl
edgebase/
Knowledgebase on
Confederation of
http://cep-probation.org/knowl
4 Probation in Europe (URL European Probation
edgebase/probation-in-europeonly)(CEP)
update/20
Expert and Participant List
Visiting Experts
Prof. Robert Canton

Professor in Community and Criminal Justice
De Montfort University
United Kingdom

Ms. Beverly Diane Williams

President Emeritus of Safer Foundation
U.S.A

Overseas Participants
Ms. Hosne Ara AKTER

Special Officer (District Judge)
Office of the Registrar General
Supreme Court of Bangladesh
Bangladesh

Mr. Tashi PHUNTSHOTrainerRoyal Bhutan Police Training InstituteRoyal Bhutan Police
BhutanMr. Thiago Ferreira OLIVEIRA

Federal Prosecutor
Federal Prosecutor’s Office of Maranhão
Federal Public Prosecution Services of Brazil
BrazilMr. Nilton Joaquim
OLIVEIRA JUNIORInternal Affairs Inspector/Police Chief Internal
Affairs/General’s Office
Civil Police of the Federal District
BrazilMr. Seraphin Ramazani NYEMBO

Research Head Office
Head Quarter Office of Schools and Trainings
Congolese National Police
Democratic Republic of the Congo

21
Ms. Grace Achieng OJUNGA

Principal Probation Officer
Probation and Aftercare Service/Institutions
Ministry of Interior and Coordination of National
Government
Kenya

Mr. Joseph Kala MUASYA

Chief Probation Officer, Field Service Division
Probation and Aftercare Service
Ministry of Interior and Coordination of National
Government
Kenya

Mr. George Odhiambo DIANGA

Deputy Officer in Charge
Kamiti Main Prison
Kenya Prisons Service
Kenya

Mr. Min Kyaw Thu

Head of Branch (Law Enforcement)
Division against Transnational Crime
Myanmar Police Force
MyanmarMr. Allah Dad ROSHAN

District and Sessions Judge/Special Judge
District JudiciaryHigh Court of Balochistan
Pakistan

Mr. Zachary SITBAN

Executive Director
Crime Prevention and Restorative JusticeDepartment of Justice and Attorney General
Papua New Guinea

Mr. Jeffrey Mala MESA

Principal Legal Officer-Indictment
CrimesPublic Solicitors Office
Papua New Guinea

Mr. Thachvud PUTTISOMBATJudge
The Central Labour Court
The Court of Justice
Thailand22
Ms. Sumalee MADAM

Senior Probation Officer
Lampang Probation Office
Department of Probation, Ministry of Justice
Thailand

Mr. Benjamin C. CUTAY, Jr.
(Course Counsellor)

Assistant Regional Director
Parole and Probation Administration, Region XI
Department of Justice
Philippines

Japanese Participants
Mr. JIMI Takeshi

Deputy Director
Trial Department
Osaka District Public Prosecutors Office

Mr. MIZUKAMI Taihei

Deputy Director
Haruna Juvenile Training School for Girls

Mr. NAKAMURA Hideo

Director
Planning and Coordination DivisionTokyo Probation Office

Mr. NISHIMOTO Masao

Director
General Affairs Division
Tohoku Regional Parole Board

Ms. SHIMADA Tamaki

JudgeTokyo District Court

Mr. WAKIMOTO Yuichiro

Principal Supervisor
Foreign Affairs Division
Osaka Prison

23
THE 18TH UNAFEI UNCAC TRAINING PROGRAMMEThe 18th UNAFEI UNCAC Training Programme was held from 14 October to 18
November 2015. Thirty participants attended: 24 overseas participants and 6 Japanese participants. The main theme of the programme was Effective Anti-Corruption Enforcement andPublic–Private and International Cooperation
Overseas Participants
Mr. Md Manzur MORSHED

Deputy Director
Pending Matters Cell-2
Anti-Corruption Commission
Bangladesh

Mr. Md Nasir UDDIN

Deputy Director
Special Enquiry and Investigation
Anti-Corruption Commission
Bangladesh

Mr. Choki PHUNTSHOOfficer Commanding
Division-III, PhuntsholingRoyal Bhutan Police
BhutanMs. DIOMANDE Nanan Assiata

Judge
Trial Court
Court of Appeal of Abidjan
Cote d’Ivoire

Mr. Mahmoud Hassan BAKRY

Public Prosecutor
El-Minia Prosecution Office
Egypt

Mr. Wael Saad Mohamed REFAI

Vice President
Commercial Chamber
Supreme Court of Cassation
Egypt

Mr. Jose Humberto
PALACIOS GUIFARRO

Judge
Tegucigalpa City Criminal Courthouse
Honduras

24
Mr. Kuanysh BAIMAKHANOV

Chief Expert
Department of Execution of Judicial Certificates
Ministry of Justice
Kazakhstan

Mr. KUSHIMOV Nurkhat

Head of Division
Division of Analytics and Organization
Department of internal Security, Ministry of Internal
Affairs
Kazakhstan

Mr. Edwin Ocharo RIOBA

Legal Officer
Legal Department
Ministry of Interior
Kenya

Mr. SARGALDAKOV
Bekbolotovich Iskander

Investigator
Third Department of Investigation
National Security Committee
Kyrgyz Republic

Mr. Sisavat SANGSINSAY

Chief of Division
Division for Anti-Crime in Internal and External
Investment
Economic Police Department, Ministry of Public
Security
Laos

Ms. Fathimath Haifa
ABDUL GAYOOM

Investigation Officer
Investigation Division
Anti-Corruption Commission
Maldives

Ms. Zeeniya ABDULLA

Investigation Officer
Investigation Division
Anti-Corruption Commission
Maldives

25
Mr. Soe Naung Oo

Director
Investigation and Financial Division
Bureau of Special Investigation
MyanmarMr. Tulsi Ram ARYAL

Under Secretary
Investigation Division No. 4
Commission for the Investigation of Abuse of
Authority
Nepal

Mr. Niaz HASSAN

Additional Director
Human Resource Management Division
National Accountability Bureau
Pakistan

Mr. Akuei Mayuen Deng DUT

Director General
Investigations and Legal Services
South Sudan Anti-Corruption Commission
South Sudan

Mr. Parviz CHORSHANBIEV

Senior Inspector
Corruption Prevention
Agency for State Financial Control and Fightagainst Corruption
Tajikistan

Mr. Phoosit TIRAVANICHPONG

Deputy Provincial Chief Public Prosecutor
Thanyaburi Public Prosecutor Office
Office of the Attorney General
Thailand

Ms. Silawan PANOM

Inquiry Officer
Bureau of Public Sector Corruption Inquiry 1
Office of the National Anti-Corruption Commission
Thailand

Ms. Olha IVASHCHENKO

Prosecutor
Department for International Legal Cooperation
Prosecutor General’s Office
Ukraine26
Mr. Afzal
Abduganiyevich NURMATOV

Head of Division
Command and Co-ordination Centre
National Central Bureau of Interpol
Uzbekistan

Mr. USMANOV Ulugbek Melisovich

Senior Investigator
Investigation Department
Ministry of Internal Affairs
Uzbekistan

Japanese Participants
Mr. HONDA Shuichi

Chief Inspector
National Police Agency

Ms. KURUJI Naomi

Judge
Saitama District Court

Mr. MARUYAMA Jun

Public Prosecutor
Akita District Public Prosecutors Office, Odate
BranchMs. OIKAWA Hiromi

Public Prosecutor
Niigata District Public Prosecutors Office

Mr. SAKAI Hideomi

JudgeOsaka High Court

Mr. WATANABE Kazutoshi

Securities Investigator
Market Surveillance Division
Securities and Exchange Surveillance Commission

27
INFORMATION ABOUT FORTHCOMING PROGRAMMES
1. 		The Third Criminal Justice Training Programme for French-Speaking African
Countries
From 15 to 26 February 2016, UNAFEI will host the Third Criminal Justice Training
Programme for French-Speaking African Countries in Abidjan, Cote d’Ivoire. The training
programme will be co-hosted by UNAFEI, JICA and l’Institut national de formation judiciaire(INFJ) de la Côte d’Ivoire. The theme of the Programme is “Enhancing the capacity of investigation, prosecution, advocacy, and adjudication”, “Criminal Justice Response to terrorism,”and the “Criminal Justice Response to Organized Crimes” (including drug trafficking andhuman trafficking). Police officers, public prosecutors, and judges from Africa, and visiting
experts and lecturers will attend.
2.		 The 163rd International Training Course
From 18 May to 23 June 2016, UNAFEI will host the 163rd International Training
Course in Tokyo, Japan. The theme of the Course is “Children as Victims and Witnesses”.
Government officials from across Southeast Asia, including Japan, and visiting experts andlecturers will attend.
3.		 The 164th International Training Course
From the end of August to the end of September 2016, UNAFEI will host the 164th International Training Course in Tokyo, Japan. Government officials from across Southeast Asia,
including Japan, and visiting experts and lecturers will attend.

28
ADMINISTRATIVE NEWS
Overseas Trips by Staff
Director YAMASHITA Terutoshi and Professor YOSHIMURA Koji visited Bangkok,
Thailand, from 4 to 11 October 2015 to attend the Expert Meeting on the Training Modules for
Correctional Staff and Training of Trainers on the Management of Prisoners in the ASEAN
Region, and the 5th Anniversary of the Bangkok Rules: International Perspectives on Good
Practices and Lessons Learned.
Professor NAGAI Toru, Professor AKASHI Fumiko and Senior Officer SATO Marievisited Melbourne, Australia from 25 to 30 October 2015 to attend the 17th ICPA (International
Corrections and Prisons Association) Annual Conference.
Professor NAGAI Toru visited Bangkok, Thailand from 22 to 27 November 2015 toattend the 35th Asia and Pacific Conference of Correctional Administrators (APCCA).
Director YAMASHITA Terutoshi visited Seoul, Korea on 30 November 2015 to attend
the KIC (Korean Institute of Criminology) International Forum 2015: Criminal Justice Policies
for a Safe Society.
Director YAMASHITA Terutoshi and Professor MINOURA Satoshi visited Lund,
Sweden from 11 to 12 December 2015 to attend the Seminar on “Supporting Good Prison
Practice—Experiences and Lessons Learned”, hosted by the Raoul Wallenberg Institute (RWI)
and to attend the PNI (UN Crime Prevention and Criminal Justice Programme Network Institutes) Coordination Meeting.
Professor YUKAWA Tsuyoshi and Professor HIROSE Yusuke visited Kathmandu,
Nepal, from 13 to 22 December 2015 to prepare for the Comparative Study on Criminal
Justice Systems of Japan and Nepal, which will be held in March 2016.
Deputy Director MORINAGA Taro visited Beijing, China from 27 to 28 January 2016
to serve as a lecturer at a workshop on the structure and function of courts and prosecution
offices held by JICA in collaboration with the Office of State Law, the Legislative Affairs
Commission, and the Standing Committee at the National People’s Congress (NPC) of China.

29
FACULTY AND STAFF OF UNAFEI
Faculty:
Mr. YAMASHITA Terutoshi
Mr. MORINAGA Taro
Mr. MINOURA Satoshi
Ms. AKASHI Fumiko

Mr. MORIYA Kazuhiko
Mr. NAGAI Toru
Mr. YUKAWA Tsuyoshi
Ms. WATANABE Ayuko
Mr. HIROSE Yusuke
Mr. YOSHIMURA Koji
Mr. TSUJI Takanori
Mr. Thomas L. Schmid

Secretariat:
Mr. ANDO Hiromitsu
Mr. SHOJIMA Naoki
Mr. ITO Jin

Director
Deputy Director
Professor
162nd Course Programming Officer
Professor
162nd Course Deputy Programming Officer, Chief ofInformation and Public Relations
Professor
Chief of Training Division
Professor
Chief of Research Division
Professor
Professor
Professor
Professor
Professor
Linguistic Adviser

Chief of Secretariat
Chief of General and Financial Affairs Section
Chief of Training and Hostel Management Affairs
SectionGeneral and Financial Affairs Section:
Mr. MIYAGAWA Wataru
Senior Officer
Ms. EMA Ayako
OfficerMs. ODA Michie
OfficerTraining and Hostel Management Affairs Section:
Mr. TOYODA Yasushi
Senior Officer
Ms. SATO Marie
Senior Officer
Mr. OZAWA Yoichi
Officer
162nd Course Assistant Programming Officer
Mr. ENDO Yuki
Officer

30International Research Affairs Section:
Ms. HANDO Mayumi
Senior Officer
Ms. IWAKATA Naoko
Librarian

Secretarial Staff:
Ms. YAMADA Hisayo

Officer

Kitchen:Ms. ODAGIRI Maki

Chef

JICA Coordinators for the 162nd International Training Course:
Ms. YAMAMOTO Miki
JICA
Ms. HISA KeikoJICA

UNAFEI Home Page: http://www.unafei.or.jp/
UNAFEI E-mail: unafei@moj.go.jp