2020
HackerRank
Developer
Skills Report
Insights based on 116,648 developers

I N D E X
I N T R O
L E A R N I N G

S K I L L S
T O O L S
W O R KINTRO

At HackerRank, we have over 7 million developers in our community.

To understand the state of developer skills in 2020, we’re launching our third annual

That’s over 25% of the world’s developers who are using HackerRankto level up their coding skills.

Developer Skills Report: the largest survey of its kind ever released. We asked for
input on coding bootcamps, pay equity, and more—and over 116,000 developersfrom 162 countries responded. The data provides unparalleled insight into what
employers and employees know, what they’re looking for in their work, and how
they see their roles evolving as technology sweeps across industries of all sizes.

We’re fortunate to play a part in expanding and growing the developer
community during this time of rapid change. Our mission at HackerRank
is to help accelerate the world’s innovation as more and morecompanies shift to tech-focused approaches to running and building
their businesses. Since 2010, 22 newcomers have entered the Fortune
100—a seismic shift—driven largely by technical innovation. Since thattime, tech-first giants like Amazon, Google, and Facebook have joined
the list, and they’re not slowing down.
As companies evolve to embed tech into the heart of their products,
the need for skilled talent is growing exponentially. To meet thatdemand, companies will have to become experts in developer hiring—
not by relying on developers’ pedigrees or resumes, but by objectively
evaluating their skills and placing them strategically throughout theorganizations they work for.

I hope you enjoy our findings. Please feel free to tweet us @hackerrankor email us at research@hackerrank.com with comments or questions.

Vivek Ravisankar
Co-founder & CEO
HackerRank

2020 HackerRank Developer Skills Report | P.02

I N D E X
I N T R O
L E A R N I N G

S K I L L S

INDEX
INTRO

TOOLS

P.02

LEARNINGT O O L S

P.12

2020’s most widely known frameworks

P.13

Languages developers want to learn

P.14

Languages developers know vs. average salary

P.15

Frameworks developers want to learn

P.16

Frameworks developers know vs. average salaryP.17

The first language developers learned to code in

P.04

How developers learn new coding skills

P.05

WORK

Are managers hiring bootcamp grads?

P.06

Developer salaries across the world

P.18

Hiring managers’ opinions on bootcamp grad skills

P.07

Developer salaries in the US

P.19

Developer education level vs. employer company size

P.08

Developers on pay equity

P.20

The most important form of professional growth

P.21

The role developers want to have in 3 years

P.22

How developers spend their downtime

P.23

METHODOLOGY

P.24

SKILLSW O R K

2020’s most widely known languages

2020’s most in-demand talent pool

P.09

Roles required to learn new skills most often

P.10

Languages hiring managers are looking for

P.11

2020 HackerRank Developer Skills Report | P.03

I N D E X

W O R KT O O L S

45.3%
32.9%

Millennial

BASIC

8.3%

7.1%

13.5%

Gen X

3.5%

8.1%

C++

3.2%

1.3%

5.4%

3.8%

Java

Gen Z

12.6%

16.0%

14.5%

C

1.3%

Today, the language is celebrated for its longevity, flexibility,and ease of use—just some of the reasons it’s still popularfor Gen Zers learning to code today.

14.1%

But that began to change in 1972, when Bell Labs invented C,
allowing portability of the Unix operating system. Though it wasn’t
an instant hit, the language rose to popularity in the late 70s
and early 80s alongside the growth of Unix.

7.1%

Most Baby Boomers and Gen Xers—or, those between the agesof 40 and 74 in 2020—learned to code in BASIC. Developed for
educational use in 1964, BASIC was a popular instructional
language in college classrooms.

30.5%

Under the age of 39? Odds are that most of your peers learned
to code in C.

What was the first language you learned to code in?

39.5%

For learning to code,
C is overtaking BASIC

10.7%

S K I L L S

L E A R N I N G

I N T R O

LEARNING & EDUCATION

PascalBaby Boomer

2020 HackerRank Developer Skills Report | P.04

I N D E X
I N T R O
L E A R N I N G

S K I L L S

LEARNING & EDUCATIONGen Z is utilizes
bootcamps to learn
new skills
Gen Z is more likely than any previous generation to learn coding skills
from bootcamps. Nearly one in six say they’ve leveraged bootcamps
to learn new skills.
On the flip side, they’re less likely to learn coding skills from older
generations’ go-tos, like books and on-the-job training. As Gen Z
comes to rely more heavily on non-traditional education sources
like bootcamps, they’re poised to become a key talent pool.

YouTube40.6%

HackerRank

34.7%
32.9%

61.1%

47.4%

43.5%

71.0%

51.6%

Gen Z
Millennial

Coding Bootcamps

16.0%
13.2%
10.5%
9.7%

Gen X
Baby Boomer

From Peers or Mentors
27.1%

36.4%
36.7%
34.8%

Developer Websites (e.g. GitHub)
63.2%

So which coding bootcamps are they turning to? Among respondents,
the most commonly attended bootcamps were:• Codeworks
T O O L S

How do you learn new coding skills?

59.3%

66.9%
65.6%
63.9%

Online Courses (e.g. edX)

36.7%

On-the-job Training• AppAcademy• Hack Reactor• Coderhouse

72.9%
76.4%
76.0%

39.3%

Books

45.3%
47.0%
46.5%

46.3%

63.1%
68.4%

W O R K

• Byte Academy

2020 HackerRank Developer Skills Report | P.05

I N D E X

W O R KT O O L S

S K I L L S

L E A R N I N G

I N T R O

LEARNING & EDUCATION

Nearly 1 in 3 hiring
managers have hireda bootcamp grad

Have you hired a developer that learned their coding skills
from a bootcamp?

Not Sure 19.4%
Yes 31.7%

Hiring managers are bringing on bootcamp grads: 32% of them havehired a developer who learned their coding skills from a bootcamp.
But not all hiring managers have tapped into this growing talent pool.
Nearly half (49%) of hiring managers have never hired a bootcamp
grad. Results were similar across all company sizes.
As younger generations are increasingly drawn to bootcamps, thatmentality may have to change. Gen Z is more likely than previous
generations to learn coding skills from a bootcamp, while bootcamp
attendance rates have risen 11x over the last decade. Combined, it’sa signal that bootcamp grads are slated to grow in number—and may
grow as a talent source as time goes on.

No 48.9%2020 HackerRank Developer Skills Report | P.06

I N D E X

S K I L L S

L E A R N I N G

I N T R O

LEARNING & EDUCATION

And hiring managers
believe they’re wellsuited for the work
Hiring managers that bring on bootcamp grads reap the benefits.
In fact: 72% of hiring managers that have hired a bootcamp grad felt
they were equally or better equipped for the job than other hires.
According to managers, the top reasons bootcamp grads exceed are:

Do you find bootcamp grads are better equipped
for the job than other hires?

Same asOther Hires
39.2%

Yes 33.0%• Ability to learn new technologies & languages quickly (71%)• Strong practical experience (61%)

W O R KT O O L S

• Eager to take on new responsibilities (52%)
It’s a strong endorsement for this fast-growing form of coding
education. While the first coding bootcamps emerged in 2011, their
popularity has exploded over the course of the decade. A recent study
counted 20,000+ bootcamp graduates in 2019 from 110 full-time
programs—and that’s just in the United States (US) and Canada.

No 27.8%

2020 HackerRank Developer Skills Report | P.07

I N D E X

W O R KT O O L S

It’s a win for small companies, and should be seen as an opportunity
for larger companies to tap into a broader talent pool.

69.0%
59.9%

59.7%

22.5%

22.0%

17.2%

Less than Bachelor's degree

1-49 employees

25.2%

50.9%
8.6%

32% of developers at small companies (1-49 employees) haven’t
obtained a Bachelor’s degree. It’s a stark contrast to large companies(10,000+ employees); there, 91% of developers have obtaineda Bachelor’s degree or higher, while only 9% have not.

14.9%

Tech hiring giants like Google, Apple, and IBM have famously lifted
their 4-year degree requirements. But for hiring developers without
degrees, it’s small companies that are leading the charge.

What is the highest level of education you’ve completed?

31.9%

Small companies
are most likely
to hire developers
without a degree

18.4%

S K I L L S

L E A R N I N G

I N T R O

LEARNING & EDUCATION

Bachelor’s degree50-999 employees

Master’s degree
or Doctorate degree

1,000-9,999 employees

10,000+ employees

2020 HackerRank Developer Skills Report | P.08

I N D E X
I N T R O
L E A R N I N G

S K I L L S

IN-DEMAND SKILLS

2020’s most in-demandtalent pool: full-stackdevelopers

T O O L S

100%

Across company sizes, hiring managers agree that full-stack developers
are top priority: 38% of hiring managers say it’s the #1 role to fill in 2020.
Back-end developers and data scientists were ranked second and third
priorities, respectively.

5.2%
7.4%

5.3%

5.4%

6.2%

5.4%

7.9%

9.0%

10.2%

8.3%

10.9%

10.3%

8.1%

8.5%

9.9%

13.0%

14.9%

15.1%

27.7%

28.0%

21.2%

24.0%

33.9%

34.3%

36.2%

37.6%

1,000-9,999
employees

10,000+employees

Total

17.8%

20.1%

14.8%

The emphasis on full-stack developers was most pronounced in small
companies (1-49 employees), 43% of which ranked the role as their
top priority.
Though the qualities that define a “full-stack developer” are a subject

W O R K

What’s the most important role you’re looking to fill in 2020?

of debate, most agree that they should have a basic understanding(or better) of all layers of a tech stack, and should be able to generate
a minimum viable product on their own. It’s why they’re especially
important in small organizations, where fewer employees often haveto do the job of many.

0

43.4%

1-49 employees 50-999 employees

Full-stack developer

Back-end developer

Data scientist

Front-end developer

DevOps engineer

QA engineer

2020 HackerRank Developer Skills Report | P.09

Full-stackdeveloper

Front-end
developer

Yes, a new language

Data
scientist

Yes, a new platform/framework

DevOpsengineer25.8 %

46.6 %

39.7 %

33.4 %

39.8 %

33.1 %

28.2 %
Back-enddeveloper

45.1 %

41.4 %

53.0 %
21.9 %

Full-stack developers also have to learn the most languages:
45% reported that they had to pick up a new one within the last year.
Their peers have to learn more about theoretical concepts;
data scientists and DevOps engineers were required to learn new
concepts most often (33%).
With expertise that spans front-end, back-end, and more (dependingon whom you ask), full-stack developers have one of the more
nebulous job descriptions in the technical world. The relative
flexibility of their role—and the breadth of technologies they haveto keep up on as a result—means learning on the job never stops.

38.3 %

49.3 %
36.1 %
27.3 %

Full-stack developers may be in highest demand, but their roleis also one of the most professionally demanding. 60% of full-stackdevelopers were required to learn a completely new frameworkor platform in the last year—more than any other role polled.

56.9 %

Did your job require you to learn a new technicalskill in the last year?
59.7 %

Full-stack developers
are required to learn
new skills most often

45.4 %I N D E X
I N T R O
L E A R N I N G

S K I L L S
T O O L S
W O R K

IN-DEMAND SKILLS

QA
engineer

Yes, a new theoretical concept

2020 HackerRank Developer Skills Report | P.10

I N D E X

T O O L S

S K I L L S

L E A R N I N G

I N T R O

IN-DEMAND SKILLS

1 in 5 hiring managers
in the Americas arelanguage agnostic
when seeking new hires
Globally, JavaScript is the most popular language hiring managers
look for in a candidate. But not all hiring managers see language
skills as a top priority: globally, 14% say they’re language agnostic
when screening candidates.
This trend is most pronounced in the Americas region (AMER):
21% of hiring managers in the region are language agnostic
when searching for new hires. Asia-Pacific region (APAC) hiring
managers are half as likely to be language agnostic (10%).

What language skills do you look for when hiring developers?

JavaScript

49.5%
51.6%
50.7%
45.2%

Python

38.1%

Java

44.1%

40.9%
C#

19.7%
21.7%
15.8%
23.6%

C++

18.3%
17.2%
17.5%
20.9%

PHP

17.0%
15.0%
16.8%
19.5%
14.3%

Language Agnostic

W O R K

53.6%
56.9%
51.2%
53.6%

10.0%
12.8%

51.3%

Global
AMER
APAC
EMEA

20.5%

2020 HackerRank Developer Skills Report | P.11

I N D E X
I N T R O
L E A R N I N G

S K I L L S
T O O L S
W O R K

DEVELOPER TOOLSJavaScript is this year’s
most widely known
language (again)

Best known languages: 2018-2020

In terms of most known languages, little has changed over the last three
years. In fact, the top 10 languages saw only two changes from last year:
C# and PHP switched between sixth and seventh position.
It’s worth noting that the best known language, JavaScript, isn’t
a language most developers learn to code in—only 5% of respondents
reported it as their first programming language. Java follows a similar
pattern: it’s the second best known language overall, yet only 13%
of developers say it was their first language learned.

2020

2019

2018

JavaScript

1

1

2

Java

2

2

1

C

3

3

3

Python

4

4

5

C++

5

5

4

C#

6

7

6

PHP

7

6

7

TypeScript

8

8

8

Pascal

9

9

9

R

10

10

10

2020 HackerRank Developer Skills Report | P.12

I N D E X
I N T R O
L E A R N I N G

S K I L L S
T O O L S
W O R K

DEVELOPER TOOLS

Django and Vue.js
are rising steadily
This year, the framework landscape was as dynamic as last year, with five
total changes across the top 10.
Since our first Developer Skills Survey, Vue.js, has shown steady growth,rising one spot per year since 2018. But the most dramatic change was for
Django, which moved up two spots between 2019 and 2020 (rising fromsixth to fourth most popular).
Django’s lift in usage is inextricably linked to the rise of Python. A popular
choice for machine learning and artificial intelligence (AI), Python saw an
uptick in usage in 2019, and has consistently been ranked as one of the top
languages that developers want to learn year over year. And since Django isa Python-based framework, it’s natural that Django would rise alongside it.

Best known frameworks: 2018-2020
2020

2019

2018

AngularJS

1

1

1

React

2

2

3

Spring3

3

2

Django4

66

ExpressJS

5

4

4

ASP

6

5

5

.NETCore

7

7

7

Vue.js8910Ruby on Rails

9

8

8

JSF

10

10

9

2020 HackerRank Developer Skills Report | P.13

I N D E X
I N T R O
L E A R N I N G

S K I L L S

DEVELOPER TOOLS

Go is the #1 language
developers wantto learn
For the third year running, Go is the #1 language developers wantto learn next.

T O O L S

Go

36.2%

Python27.7%

Kotlin24.9%

Typescript

20.7%

R

20.0%

Scala

18.7%

Swift

16.7%

Rust

16.3%

Ruby

15.9%

JavaScript

Developed by Google, Go has seen increasing popularity since
its invention in 2009, due in part to the visibility of its creators.
As we noted in our 2018 report, it’s not the first time tech giants
like Google have driven language adoption: Twitter similarly
boosted Scala when it outgrew Ruby on Rails, as Apple did for Swiftwhen it moved away from Objective-C.
And slowly but surely, developers are learning Go. It inched up
to the 12th best known language for 2020, up from 13th in 2018.

W O R K

What languages do you plan on learning next?

15.0%

C#

13.5%

Haskell

12.0%

C++

11.4%

Clojure11.3%

Elixir

11.0%

Objective-C

10.6%

Erlang

10.6%

Java

10.2%

Julia

10.1%

Lua

9.4%

Perl

9.3%

PHP

8.8%

OCaml

7.9%

Prolog

7.7%

Stan

7.5%

Pascal

6.6%

C

6.0%

2020 HackerRank Developer Skills Report | P.14

I N D E X

W O R KT O O L S

S K I L L S

L E A R N I N G

I N T R O

DEVELOPER TOOLS

Those that know Perlmake 54% more than
the average developer
Perl is the language most closely associated with above-averagepay. Globally, developers that know Perl make 54% more than
the average annual developer salary. It’s followed by Scala (+42%),and Go (+33%).
The high pay association with languages like Perl, Scala, and Go
is due in part to the demographic that knows them. For example,
about 10% of senior developers polled knew Perl—but only 2%of junior developers did. Scala and Go showed similar patterns.
And since senior developers tend to earn higher salaries,
the average salary associated with each language is elevated.

Salary increase based on languages known
Over global average salary ($54,491 USD)
+54.2%

Perl+41.6%

Scala+33.4%

Go+32.3%

Ruby+22.4%

Objective-C+19.6%

Swift+15.2%

Pascal+13.1%

R+11.3%

PrologC#+7.3%

Kotlin+6.8%

Typescript
Python

+5.4%
+4.0%

JavaScript

+2.2%

C++

+1.6%

2020 HackerRank Developer Skills Report | P.15

I N D E X

W O R KT O O L S

S K I L L S

L E A R N I N G

I N T R O

DEVELOPER TOOLSDevelopers are learning
React, AngularJS,
and Django

Which frameworks do you plan on learning next?

React is the framework most developers want to learn—32% say
it’s the framework they’re learning next.

Ruby on Rails

AngularJS and Django round out the top 3: 28% say they plan
to learn AngularJS, and 26% say they’re learning Django. All threeframeworks are in the top five that hiring managers need.

32.3%

React

27.6%

AngularJS

26.3%

Django23.6%

Vue.js

16.3%

Spark

15.3%

Spring

15.1%
13.7%

ExpressJS

12.5%.NETCore

11.0%

Backbone.js

Last year, we noted that an increasing number of developers wereplanning to learn React—and that as a result, it had a chance tobecome the best known framework in 2020. But in this year’s survey,
React’s position remained static as the second best-known framework.

ASP

8.9%

Ember

8.6%

Cocoa

8.4%

Struts8.3%

Meteor

8.1%

Pyramid

8.0%

JSF

7.4%

Padrino7.1%

2020 HackerRank Developer Skills Report | P.16

I N D E X
I N T R O
L E A R N I N G

S K I L L S
T O O L S

DEVELOPER TOOLS

But globally,
Backbone.js is associatedwith the highest pay
Backbone.js is the framework associated with the highest pay:developers that know it earn 49% more than the global average.
Cocoa and Ruby on Rails were linked to the second and third highest
average salaries. Those that know Cocoa earn 35% more than
the global average, whereas those that know Ruby on Rails earn
30% more than the global average.
Again, the association with higher pay is tied in part to seniority.
Take, for example, Backbone.js. 7% of senior developers know it,compared to only 2% of junior developers. And since senior
developers earn higher pay, it could elevate the average pay linked
to the framework.
It’s worth noting that Backbone.js is also an uncommon skill—globally, only 4% of developers know it. So the low knowledge supply
may allow those that know it to demand higher pay.

Salary increase based on frameworks known
Over global average salary ($54,491 USD)

+34.6%

Cocoa
Ruby on Rails+29.6%

Spark+29.4%+19.3%

Struts+10.7%.NETCore

+8.7%

React

+7.4%

ASP

+6.3%

Vue.jsAngular JS
JSF

+3.7%
+2.2%

Spring+1.2%

Django+1.0%

ExpressJSW O R K

+48.7%

Backbone.js+0.1%2020 HackerRank Developer Skills Report | P.17

I N D E X
I N T R O
L E A R N I N G

S K I L L S
T O O L S
W O R K

DEVELOPERS AT WORKUS developers makemore than those in any
other country
Averaged across all job roles and levels, US developers are paid themost: developers there make $109,167 annually on average.
Australia and Canada were the next highest paying countries, withaverage developer salaries of $88,539 and $72,771, respectively. The
Netherlands and the United Kingdom rounded out the top five highest
paying countries.

What is your current salary?
$109,167

United States$88,539

Australia$72,771

Canada$68,194

Netherlands
United Kingdom$65,388

Germany$64,088

South Africa$45,990

Indonesia$45,269

Spain$44,038

Ukraine$43,600

Argentina$42,442

Colombia$41,818

Turkey$41,758

Mexico$41,392

Brazil$40,876

Poland$40,420

Italy$39,716

Romania$39,641

Russia$39,256

Pakistan$39,154

India$38,229

Bangladesh$35,096

Nigeria$33,582

Global Average Salary:$54,491 (USD)

2020 HackerRank Developer Skills Report | P.18

I N D E X
I N T R O

DEVELOPERS AT WORKThe west is the highest
paying region in the US

Average developer salary by US metro area
$147,948

San Francisco$134,539

Seattle$129,080

S K I L L S

L E A R N I N G

Los Angeles

Taking a closer look at the US, western cities take the cakefor highest developer salaries. Cities in the west have the highestpay (with an average salary of $128,198), while the northeast comesin second (with an average salary of about $112,871).
High salaries in the west region are led by coastal tech talentmagnets like San Francisco ($147,948), Seattle ($134,539),
and Los Angeles ($129,080), which make up the three highest
paying cities in the region. And in the northeast, Boston ($116,804)
and New York ($115,792) pay the highest salaries.

$116,804

New York$115,792

Chicago$113,820

Austin$109,562

San Diego$107,903

Portland$107,432

Salt Lake City

$106,293

Washington D.C.

$105,967

Atlanta$104,803• Northeast Average: $112,871• Midwest Average: $100,711• South Average: $98,986

Philadelphia$97,343

Dallas$96,641

Minneapolis/St. Paul$90,882

Phoenix$88,437

Detroit$86,046

Raleigh$83,125Miami

W O R K

$101,095

Denver• West Average: $128,198

T O O L S

Boston$79,5832020 HackerRank Developer Skills Report | P.19

I N D E X
I N T R O
L E A R N I N G

S K I L L S
T O O L S
W O R K

DEVELOPERS AT WORK

Globally, 39% of
developers feelthey’re paid unfairly

Do you believe you’re being paid fairly compared to your peers?
Not Sure 26.0%
Yes 34.9%

Only 35% of developers believe they’re being paid fairly. On the flipside, 39% believe they’re being paid unfairly compared to peers,and 26% just aren’t sure.
As sharing salaries has become the norm through websites like
Glassdoor and LinkedIn, developers have gained unprecedented
access to peer salary estimates. In many ways, that shift is a positive
one; it gives developers the ammo they need to negotiate pay alignedwith their fair market value. But it also means developers are moreaware when their pay differs from that of their peer group.

No 39.1%

2020 HackerRank Developer Skills Report | P.20

I N D E X

S K I L L S

L E A R N I N G

I N T R O

DEVELOPERS AT WORKThe most important
form of professional
growth: new tech skills
Last year, we learned that competitive compensation is the #3
criteria developers look for in a job—but professional growthand learning is #1. This year, we asked developers to define
the form of professional growth that’s most important to them.

What form of professional growth is most important to you?
2.3%
13.9%

24.9%

59.0%

Most developers agree: they want opportunities to learn newtechnical skills on the job. A whopping 59% of developers ranked itas the most important form of professional growth.

T O O L S

It was twice as important as the ability to take on new responsibilities,
and more than 4x more important than chances to develop soft skills.
Opportunity to learn new technical skills at work
Ability to take on more responsibilities & receive promotions at workW O R K

Opportunities to develop soft skills

2020 HackerRank Developer Skills Report | P.21

I N D E X

What role do you want to have in three years?

W O R KT O O L S

On the flip side, developers currently acting as managers and technical leads
were pleased with their current roles. Most wanted to stay in the same role
down the line.

Want to be aTechnical Lead

Want to be an
Individual
Contributor

Individual Contributors

Want to be an
Engineering
Manager

Technical Leads

6.5%

7.5%

3.8%

15.3%

6.0%

19.1%

30.4%

39.9%

4.5%

S K I L L S

62% of developers in individual contributor roles want to become a technicallead in the next three years. That’s a stark contrast to the number that want
to become managers (15%).
It may be part of why most developers prioritize learning new tech skills
when it comes to professional growth (versus taking on more responsibility
or soft skills advancement, for example). Most are less interested inmanaging people, and more interested in filling a technical lead role, like aprincipal architect—so picking up new technical skills is paramount.

47.6%

57.6%

Individual contributors
want to be tech leads,
not managers

61.8%

L E A R N I N G

I N T R O

DEVELOPERS AT WORK

Other

Engineering Managers

2020 HackerRank Developer Skills Report | P.22

I N D E X
I N T R O
L E A R N I N G

S K I L L S

DEVELOPERS AT WORK

Developers spend
downtime listening
to music and surfing
the web
When they’re not coding, most developers spend theirtime listening to music (61%).
Surfing the web (52%), getting something to eat or drink(48%), and exercising (48%) were also popular options
for a quick time out. But 3% of developers say they nevertake a break!

What do you do to take a break from coding?
61.0%

Listen to Music

52.0%

Surf the Web
Eat or Drink Something

48.2%

Exercise / Go for a Walk

47.6%

Check Social Media

40.8%

Watch Videos

40.2%
37.3%

Talk to a Co-Worker

31.2%

Read
Play Video Games

27.7%

Text or Call Someone

27.5%
20.2%

Take a Nap

10.5%

T O O L S

Meditate
Play Ping Pong/Pool/Foosball

8.7%

Spend Time With my Pet(s)8.3%Never Take a Break from Coding

W O R K

Other

2.8%
4.4%

2020 HackerRank Developer Skills Report | P.23

I N D E X
I N T R O
L E A R N I N G

Methodology
HackerRank conducted its third annual developer skills survey to identify trends in thedeveloper community. A total of 116,648 developers and students responded to the
15-minute online survey from November 12 to December 11, 2019. The survey was
programmed in SurveyMonkey and HackerRank recruited respondents via email(community members, customers, and prospects) and through social media sites.
Respondents came from 162 countries. Results were analyzed using Q Research. Testsof significant differences were conducted at the .05 level (95% probability that the difference
is real, not by chance). Percentages may not always add to 100% due to rounding.

S K I L L S

US region definitions (based on US Census Bureau method):• Midwest: Chicago, Minneapolis/St. Paul, Detroit• Northeast: Boston, New York, Philadelphia• South: Austin, Atlanta, Miami, Dallas, Raleigh, Miami, Washington D.C.
• West: San Francisco, Seattle, Los Angeles, San Diego, Portland, Salt Lake
City, Denver, Phoenix

W O R KT O O L S

Generation definitions (based on Pew Research ranges):• Gen Z: Born 1997-2012• Millennial: Born 1981-1996• Gen X: Born 1965-1980• Baby Boomer: Born 1946-1964

Global region definitions:• Americas (AMER): Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, Bolivia,
Brazil, Canada, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El
Salvador, Guatemala, Haiti, Honduras, Jamaica, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay,
Peru, Trinidad and Tobago, United States, Uruguay, Venezuela• Asia-Pacific (APAC): Afghanistan, Australia, Azerbaijan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Brunei,
Cambodia, China, Fiji, Georgia, India, Indonesia, Japan, Kazakhstan, Kiribati, Kyrgyzstan,
Maldives, Malaysia, Mauritania, Mongolia, Myanmar, Nepal, New Zealand, Pakistan,Philippines, Singapore, South Korea, Sri Lanka, Taiwan, Thailand, Turkmenistan,
Uzbekistan, Vietnam, Tajikstan• Europe, Middle East, & Africa (EMEA): Albania, Algeria, Andorra, Angola, Armenia,
Austria, Bahrain, Belarus, Belgium, Benin, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Botswana, Bulgaria,
Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cabo Verde, Cameroon, Congo, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic,
Denmark, Egypt, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Estonia, Ethiopia, Finland, France, Gabon,
Gambia, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Holy See, Hungary, Iceland, Iran, Iraq, Ireland, Israel,
Italy, Jordan, Kenya, Kuwait, Latvia, Lebanon, Lesotho, Libya, Lithuania, Luxembourg,
Macedonia, Madagascar, Malawi, Malta, Mauritius, Moldova, Montenegro, Morocco,
Mozambique, Namibia, Netherlands, Niger, Nigeria, Norway, Oman, Palestine, Poland,
Portugal, Qatar, Romania, Russia, Rwanda, San Marino, Saudi Arabia, Serbia, Seychelles,
Sierra Leone, Slovakia, Slovenia, Somalia, South Africa, Spain, Sudan, Swaziland, Sweden,
Switzerland, Syria, Tanzania, Togo, Tunisia, Turkey, Uganda, Ukraine, United ArabEmirates, United Kingdom, Yemen, Zambia, Zimbabwe, Mali

2020 HackerRank Developer Skills Report | P.24

I N D E X
I N T R O

FOR DEVELOPERS

Code & Get Hired

More Research

Join over 7 million developers,
L E A R N I N G

improve your coding skills, andfind the best job.

Sign Up & CodeS K I L L S

FOR WORK

Hire Talent
HackerRank is the leading

W O R KT O O L S

end-to-end technical recruiting
platform for hiring developers.

Get in Touch
research@hackerrank.com | www.hackerrank.com
USA: +1-415-900-4023 | India: +91-888-081-1222 | UK: +44-208-004-0258

Learn More

2020 HackerRank Developer Skills Report | P.25