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PLACES

UNIT 4

YOUR KNOWLEDGE
Ask and answer the questions with a partner.
1 What place is in the picture?
2 Why do people go there?
3 Do you want to visit this place? Why / Why not?
4 What places do people visit in your country?

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WATCH AND LISTENPREPARING TO WATCH
ACTIVATING YOURKNOWLEDGE

PREDICTINGCONTENT USINGVISUALS

1 Work with a partner and answer the questions.
1 What makes a place special?
2 Why do people like to visit special places?
3 What special place do you want to visit? Why?
2 Look at the pictures from the video. Put the words in order to makesentences.
1 a monkey / There is / in the forest /.
2 in the trees / a space / There is /.
3 are growing / Plants / in the water /.
4 in the water / is swimming / A man /.

GLOSSARY

space (n) an empty areafull of (adj phr) containing a lot of things
lily pad (n) the large leaf of a water plant that loats on the surface of water,
for example, on a lake or pond
turtle (n) an animal with four legs and a hard shell that usually lives in water

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WHILE WATCHING
Watch the video. Tick (✔) the true statements.

3
1
2
3
4
5
6
4

There aren’t many rich, green forests in the Yucatán.
The people in Mexico call the holes in the forests cenotes.
These holes are made of wood.
The scientist studies the trees there.
In the Yucatán, cenotes are the only places to ind fresh water.
Most of the plants and animals live at the top of the cenotes.
Watch again. Write the missing words in the gaps.

1 These amazing holes are the only spaces in the.
2 For Olmo, the cenotes are very.
is very important in the Yucatán.
3
4 Cenotes help theand plants in the forest live.
5 When Olmo swims far into the cave, it getsand dark.
5 Circle the correct word or phrase.

UNDERSTANDING
MAIN IDEAS

UNDERSTANDING
DETAIL

MAKING INFERENCES

1 Cenotes are very / not important in the Yucatán.
2 Animals and plants need / die in the cenotes.
3 There is / is no life in the water.
4 It is safe / dangerous to swim far into the cave.

DISCUSSION
6 Ask and answer the questions with a partner.
1 Are there any special places in your country like the cenotes?
What are they?
2 Do you want to visit the cenotes? Why / Why not?
3 Is it interesting to swim in a cave? Why / Why not?

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READINGREADING 1
PREPARING TO READ
UNDERSTANDING
KEY VOCABULARY

1 You are going to read a text from a history book. Look at the photos andread the sentences (1–7). Choose the correct deinition (a or b) for thewords in bold.
1 The Great Lakes in the US are very big, but the lake by my house is small.
a salt water that covers most of the Earthb an area of fresh water which has land all around it
2 Lakes have fresh water, but seas, like the Mediterranean, have salt water.
a large areas of very dry landb large areas of salt water
3 I do not like to climb mountains. I do not like to be up high.
a very high hillsb land that is low, near the water
4 There are many trees in a forest. They are homes for birds andother animals.
a a large area of salt waterb a large area of trees growing closely together
5 The Nile is the longest river in the world. It is 6,853 km long.
a water which lows across the land to a bigger area of waterb a large area of land with many trees
6 There are ive oceans. These are the biggest bodies of water in the world.
a the ive main areas of salt water on the Earthb an area of sand or rocks next to water
7 People use maps to help them ind places and understand an area.
a pictures which show a place and the rivers, lakes and other areas in it
b boats, cars and other things that people drive

1

2

5

84

3

6

4

7

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2 Look at the texts and the picture on page 86. Read the questions andchoose the correct answers.
1 What is the book about?
a the history of the world
b the history of Chinac the history of maps

PREVIEWING

2 What does the picture show?
a a modern map of the world
b an old map of the world
c a photograph of the world

WHILE READING
3 Follow the instructions to annotate the text about al-Idrisi’s map.

ANNOTATING

1 Underline the name of an important person in paragraph 1.
2 Underline the name of an important map in paragraph 2.
3 Underline the names of countries that the map shows in paragraph 3.
4 Underline the names of bodies of water the map shows in paragraph 4.
4 Scan the text again and ind the continents and countries that are
mentioned. Circle them in the table. Then check your answers witha partner.
continents

SCANNING TO FINDINFORMATION

countries

Asia

FinlandFranceAustralia

Spain

Italy

EuropeNorwayEnglandAfricaCanadaIndia

North America

MoroccoSouth America

China

Antarctica

The United States

5 Read Chapter 4.2. Write T (true) or F (false) next to the statements.
Correct the false statements.

READING FOR DETAIL

1 Muhammad al-Idrisi was Algerian.
2 The Tabula Rogeriana is written in Greek.
3 South America is not on the map.
4 India is on the map.
5 There are lakes on the map.

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Feedback | Help | Close
A world historyof mapsby J. T. Kirk
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Price: from £16.75

Book sections
Table of contents
Introduction
Chapter 4.2

A world historyof mapsby J. T. Kirk

Table of contents
Introduction
1 First maps of the world
2 he ancient world
2.1 Greek maps
2.2 Roman road maps
3 China
3.1 Early maps from Qin State
3.2 Han Dynasty maps
3.3 Pei Xiu’s map of Asia
4 Arab maps
4.1 Book of the appearance of the Earth by al-Khwarizmi
4.2 Muhammad al-Idrisi’s world map
5 Exploring the world
5.1 Discovering America
5.2 Ribeiro’s ﬁrst scientiﬁc world map
6 Maps and satellite photographs
Index

5
9
45
57
75
93
97
111
125
137
171
183
197
241
255
273
301

4.2

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Figure 4.3: World map by Muhammad al-Idrisi, 1154

Price: from £16.75

Book sections
Introduction
Chapter 4.2

86

1 Muhammad al-Idrisi came from Morocco. He studied in North Africa
and Spain. As a young man, he travelled in Spain, North Africa, France,
England and parts of Asia. In 1154, he began working for King Roger
II of Sicily. Al-Idrisi created his map of the world then.
2 Al-Idrisi’s map of the world is called the Tabula Rogeriana in Europe.
he map is in Arabic. Al-Idrisi used information from earlier Arab andGreek maps. He also used information from explorers. hese men weresent to the diﬀerent countries to draw and record what they saw. his
map helped people travel from country to country.
3 he map shows North Africa, Europe and South and East Asia. here
are many European countries on the map. here is Norway in the north,
Spain in the west and Italy in the south. he map also shows India
and China.
4 here are forests, rivers, lakes, mountains, seas and oceans on the map.
Al-Idrisi’s map shows the Mediterranean Sea, the Indian Ocean and theriver Nile.

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DISCUSSION
6 Ask and answer the questions with a partner.
1 How did al-Idrisi make his map?
2 What can you learn from a very old map?
3 When do you use maps?

READING 2
PREPARING TO READ
1 Ask and answer the questions with a partner.
1 What are important businesses in your country?
2 How many people live in your country?
3 What is the climate in your country?
4 What languages do people speak in your country?
2 You are going to read a fact ile about an island country. Read thesentences (1–8). Write the words in bold next to the correct deinitions (a–h).

USING YOURKNOWLEDGE

UNDERSTANDING
KEY VOCABULARY

1 Mauritius is an island in the Indian Ocean.
2 Riyadh is the capital of Saudi Arabia.
3 Many people enjoy the water and sun at the beach.
4 Modern cities have new buildings, parks and businesses.
5 Arizona is famous because it has the Grand Canyon. Many people
visit there.
6 I visited Rome as a tourist because it is a beautiful place.
7 My school is international. There are students from all over the world.
8 Coffee with milk is popular in my country. Everyone drinks it.
It’s really good.
a
b
c
d
e
f
g
h

(n) a person who travels and visits places for fun(adj) made with new ideas and designs(n) land with water all around it(n) an area of sand or rocks next to a sea, ocean or lake(n) the most important city in a country, where thegovernment is(adj) many people know it(adj) many people like it(adj) relating to or involving two or more countries

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he MaldivesAN

OVERVIEW

1 The Maldives are islands in the Indian Ocean.
The islands are near Sri Lanka. The Maldives
are famous for their good climate, beautiful
beaches and warm seas.
2 There are 440,000 people in the Maldives.
Most people live on small islands.
3 The capital of the Maldives is Malé. It is amodern city with an international airport
and a big harbour1.
4 People in Malé speak English and Dhivehi.
English is useful because many tourists
come here.

FACT

FILE

FULL NAME: Republic of
Maldives
POPULATION: 440,000
CAPITAL: MaléGEOGRAPHY: 1,190 islands
CLIMATE: good, averagetemperature +30 ˚C
LANGUAGES: Dhivehi andEnglishRELIGION: Islam
CURRENCY3: ruiyaa
INDUSTRY4: tourism and ishing

5 Tourism and ishing are very importantbusinesses in the Maldives. There are many
tourist hotels. Many people work there.
Others work as ishermen or in ish factories2.
The currency is the ruiyaa.
1

harbour (n) area of water next to land for ships and boats
factories (n) buildings where a large number of things or
products are made3
currency (n) the money a country uses
4
industry (n) types of businesses
2

MEET THE LOCALS
Ahmed Faiz, 19
6 I live on an island south of Malé. Life on myisland is very simple. There are some shops
and there is one mosque. We speak Dhivehi
but we also learn English in high school. It isa nice place to live.
7 The Maldives are famous
for their ish. There is a
popular ish soup here.
It is called garudiya. It is
delicious.
one of the Maldives’beautiful beaches

88

8 People in the Maldives liketo swim and dive.

Ahmed Faiz

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WHILE READINGSKILLS

Reading for main ideas
Many texts have paragraphs. A paragraph is part of a long text. Each paragraph has one topic
or main idea. When we read for the main ideas in a text, we read each paragraph to ind:
• the topic (e.g. family, weather, university)• the important information about the topic (e.g. the number of brothers and sisters aperson has; the average rainfall in summer; the reason a student wants to study)
Tourism and fishing are very important businesses in the Maldives. There aremany tourist hotels. Many people work there. Others work as fishermen or in fish
factories. The currency is the rufiyaa.
The topic here is tourism and ishing. The important information about the topic is thatthey are very important businesses in the Maldives.
3 Read the text on page 88. Write the topics from the box next to theparagraph numbers in the table. Then write the important information
about the topics.

READING FOR
MAIN IDEAS

languages the population hobbies and sport the capital citywhere the Maldives are a young Maldivian’s hometraditional food tourism and ishingparagraph

topic

important information about the topic

tourism and fishing

they are very important businesses in the Maldives

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8

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DISCUSSIONSYNTHESIZING

4 Work with a partner. Use ideas from Reading 1 and Reading 2. Ask andanswer the questions.
1 Why do tourists go to the Maldives?
2 Do you want to visit the Maldives? Why / Why not?
3 Why do people travel to different countries? What’s important toknow about a country?

LANGUAGE DEVELOPMENTNOUN PHRASES WITH OF

GRAMMAROne type of noun phrase is a noun + of + a noun.
noun

noun

noun

noun

Bogota is the capital of Colombia. Madrid is in the centre of Spain.
The noun phrase noun + of + noun answers the question What?
This book is about history. (The history of what?)
This book is about the history of Japan.
1 Match the sentence halves.
1 The capital
2 The dollar is the currency
3 The main languages
4 Al-Idrisi’s map shows parts
a of the United States.
b of Asia.
c of Canada are English and French.
d of the Maldives is Malé.
2 Work with a partner. Use a noun + of + noun to answer the questions.
1 What country is Lisbon the capital of?
2 What is the capital of your country?
3 What is the currency of your country?
4 What are the main languages of your country?

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VOCABULARY FOR PLACES
3 Write the words from the box in the correct places (1–10) on the picture.
beach cliff desert farm ield forest
hill mountain sea valley

2.
1.
3.
4.

5.

6.
8.

7.
9.

10.

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WRITINGCRITICAL THINKING
At the end of this unit, you are going to write about your country. Look at
this unit’s writing task in the box below.
Write facts about your country.

Classifying topics and key words

SKILLSClassifying means putting words into groups with the same topic. Classifying
helps you to plan your writing.
A writer thinks about words to describe his or her country.
tourism
language fishing
Dhivehiindustry English
Then the writer classiies the words to organize and plan.
topic

UNDERSTAND
topic

key words

industry

tourism

ishinglanguage

EnglishDhivehi

1 Look at Reading 2 on page 88. Circle the key words which the writer used
to discuss each topic.
key words

geography

islands

climatefoodlanguage

EnglishThai

Dhivehiindustry

tourism

ishing

APPLY
topic

cooking

Indian Ocean
currency

near Sri Lanka
diving2 Find the paragraphs in Reading 2 with the topics in the table below.
Then list the key words.
key words

capitalpopulation

92

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3 Think about your country. Choose ive topics from the box and write thesein column A.
capital climate currency food geographyindustry language population sport
A
topic

B
key words

4 Think of key words for the topics and write them in column B.

ANALYZE

5 Without showing your table, tell a partner your key words. Can yourpartner guess your topic? If your partner is wrong, you may need tochoose different key words.

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GRAMMAR FOR WRITING
THERE IS / THERE ARE
You can use there is / there are to say that something exists. Use there is
before singular nouns and there are before plural nouns.
GRAMMARsingular:
There is an airport in Malé.
There is a mosque on Ahmed Faiz’s island.
There is a popular fish soup in the Maldives.
plural:There are many countries on al-Idrisi’s map.
There are many tourist resorts in the Maldives.
There are 440,000 people in the Maldives.
1 Read the sentences. Write There is / There are in the gaps.
1many different kinds of businesses in my country.
2
50 states in the USA.
3
three airports in my city.
4
a big art museum in Seoul.
5
a beautiful park in my city.
2 Read the sentences. Tick (✔) the correct sentences and put a cross (✘)
next to the incorrect sentences.
1 There are many different people in London.
2 There is mountains in Switzerland.
3 There is many parks in Tokyo.
4 In Thailand, there are many islands.
5 There have many people in Buenos Aires.
6 There are many tourists in Paris.
7 They are many lakes in Italy.
8 There are a big river in my city.
3 Correct the incorrect sentences in Exercise 2.

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ARTICLES
Use articles before a noun or before an adjective + noun.

Indeinite articles (a / an)
A / An is the indeinite article. Use a / an with singular countable nouns.
Use a before consonant sounds.
• a river, a lake, a sea, a mountain• a big river, a small lake, a cold sea, a tall mountain
Use an before vowel sounds.
• an ocean, an island, an hour
• an old city, an ancient map

GRAMMAR

Deinite article (the)The is the deinite article. Use the before the names of singular or plural places:• rivers – the river Danube, the river Nile, the river Thames• seas – the North Sea, the Mediterranean Sea, the Black Sea• oceans – the Pacific Ocean, the Atlantic Ocean, the Indian Ocean• many famous places – the Galata Tower, the Eiffel Tower, the Pyramids• ‘united’ countries – the United Arab Emirates, the United Kingdom,
the United States of America• groups of islands – the Maldives, the Azores• groups of mountains – the Andes, the Alps, the Himalayas• plural countries – the Philippines, the Maldives

Zero article
Use no article (the zero article) before the names of:• continents – Asia, North America, Europe• most countries – England, China, Turkey• cities – Abu Dhabi, Bangkok, Shanghai• lakes – Lake Superior, Lake Baikal
4 Read the sentences and write a, an, the or Ø (zero article) in the gaps.
1 My grandparents’ house is next tolake.
2 My parents live on
island inMediterranean Sea.
3 My family comes from
Chile.
4
Chile is inSouth America.
5 We live near
Paciic Ocean.
6
Andes are the highest mountains in my country.
7 My sister lives inUnited Kingdom.
8 She works inTokyo. She lives insmall village.

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5 Correct the mistakes in the sentences.
1 I come from the India.
2 Paris is an popular city with tourists.
3 There is very tall building in Abu Dhabi.
4 I go to an university in Dublin.
5 United Kingdom is in a Europe.
6 I live by big lake.
7 Ural Mountains are in Russia.
8 He studies in a United Kingdom.
9 The Turkey is a beautiful country.
10 There is big mountain near my city.

6 Work with a partner. Answer the questions. Use the correct articles.
1 What sea or ocean is close to the country you live in?
2 What place do tourists visit in the country you live in?
3 What island do you want to visit?
4 What countries are close to the country you live in?

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ACADEMIC WRITING SKILLSSKILLS

SPELLING AND PUNCTUATION
Capital letters
The irst letter of the name of a city, the name of a country and the adjective
for a nationality is always a capital letter.

1 Look at the country names and write vowels (a, e, i, o, u) in the gaps tomake the correct nationality names.
countryChinanationality
Ch

n

India

nd

Egypt

gypt

Saudi Arabia

s
n
n
d

S

The United Arab Emiratesmr

Algeria

lg

r

p

n

t
n

Japan

J

ThailandTh

TurkeyT

rk

FranceFrnch

The United Kingdom

Br

t

sh

Canada

C

n

d

s

sh

n

2 Correct the punctuation in the sentences. Add capital letters and full stops.
1 i am from cairo
2 there are many beautiful beaches in portugal
3 the climate is good in the maldives
4 there are four main islands in japan
5 chicken is very popular in malaysia
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PARAGRAPH STRUCTURE
Paragraphs are groups of sentences which talk about one idea. This is called
the main idea. Good paragraphs have three parts: a topic sentence, supporting
sentences / details and a concluding sentence.

SKILLS

The topic sentence usually comes irst. The details, also called the supporting
sentences, come next and give more information about the main idea. The
paragraph ends with a concluding sentence.
topic
sentence

I live on an island south of Malé.

supporting
sentences /details

Life on myisland is very
simple.

concluding
sentence

It is a nice place to live.

There are someshops and there isone mosque.

We speak Dhivehi,
but we also learn
English in high school.

Topic sentences
The topic sentence tells the reader what the paragraph is about. It tells themain idea of the paragraph. In the paragraph above, the topic is ‘an island
south of Malé’. The main idea in the topic sentence is that it is where thewriter lives. The topic sentence is usually the irst sentence in a paragraph.
Then the following sentences add details to the topic.
3 Read each group of sentences. Underline the topic sentence in each.
1 The Maldives are islands in the Indian Ocean. The islands are near
Sri Lanka. The Maldives are famous for their good climate, beautiful
beaches and warm seas.
2 Tourism and ishing are very important businesses in the Maldives.
There are many tourist hotels. Many people work there. Others work as
ishermen or in ish factories. The currency is the ruiyaa.

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4 Read each group of sentences (1–2). Choose the correct topic sentence(a–c). Then compare with a partner.
1 The mountains are beautiful, but people also enjoy the forests andlakes in Canada. It’s a popular tourist place.
a Toronto is a big city in Canada.
b Many people come to visit Canada every year.
c Canada is a large country.
2 There are many restaurants and there is a public market. You can buy
fresh ish, vegetables and other delicious food there. Everyone loves
eating in Rome.
a Eating is an important part of visiting Rome.
b You can do many things in Rome.
c Rome is the capital of Italy.

Rome, Italy

5 Read the sentences below and write your own topic sentence.
Then compare with a partner.
Many people live in the capital. There are lots of things to do and see.
It is a busy and interesting place to live.
.

WRITING TASK
Write facts about your country.

PLAN
1 Look back at the notes you created about your country in the Criticalthinking section on page 93. Choose three topics to write paragraphs
about. Check the key words and phrases you will use and add any new
information you want to include in your writing.
2 Read the Task checklist on page 100 as you prepare your paragraphs.
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WRITE A FIRST DRAFT
3 Write a paragraph for each topic. Write a topic sentence and one or two
supporting sentences for each topic. Use the key words to help you.
The capital of my country is Bangkok. It is a famous city in
Thailand. There are more than eight million people living there.

EDIT
4 Use the Task checklist to review your paragraphs.
TASK CHECKLIST✔

Write three short paragraphs.
Write a topic sentence for each paragraph.
Write one or two supporting sentences for each topic sentence.
Use there is before singular nouns and there are before
plural nouns.
Use the before the names of rivers, seas, oceans, some countries
and famous places.
Use the zero article before the names of continents, somecountries and cities.
5 Make any necessary changes to your paragraphs.

100

UNIT 4© in this web service Cambridge University Press

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Cambridge University Press
978-1-108-68161-2 — Unlock Level 1 Reading, Writing, & Critical Thinking Student’s Book, Mob App and Online Workbook w/
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Sabina Ostrowska , Kate Adams , With Chris Sowton
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OBJECTIVES REVIEW
1 Check your learning objectives for this unit. Write 3, 2 or 1 for eachobjective.
3 = very well

2 = well

1 = not so wellI can …
watch and understand a video about cenotes in Mexico.
read for main ideas.
classify topics and key words.
use noun phrases with of.
use there is / there are.
use articles.
use capital letters for cities, country names and nationalities.
write topic sentences.
write facts about my country.
2 Go to the Unlock Online Workbook for more practice with this unit’s
learning objectives.

ONLINEWORDLIST

beach (n)capital (n)cliff (n)desert (n)famous (adj)farm (n)ield (n)forest (n)hill (n)international (adj)island (n)lake (n)map (n)modern (adj)
mountain (n)ocean (n)popular (adj)river (n)sea (n)tourist (n)valley (n)= high-frequency words in the Cambridge Academic Corpus

OBJECTIVES REVIEW© in this web service Cambridge University Press

101

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Cambridge University Press
978-1-108-68161-2 — Unlock Level 1 Reading, Writing, & Critical Thinking Student’s Book, Mob App and Online Workbook w/
Downloadable Video
Sabina Ostrowska , Kate Adams , With Chris Sowton
ExcerptMore Information

LEARNING OBJECTIVES

102

IN THIS UNIT YOU WILL …

Watch and listen

watch and understand a video about a mine.

Reading skill

read for detail.

Critical thinking

analyze and evaluate opinions.

Grammaruse adjective phrases; use must and have to;use the pronoun you.

Academic writing skills

join sentences with and; write emails.

Writing task

write an email about a job.

UNIT 5© in this web service Cambridge University Press

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