Task Development on Energy:
Cross‐border Education
Between Philippines‐Malaysia
Soledad A. Ulep
Aida I. Yap
University of the Philippines
National Institute for Science and Mathematics Education
Development (UP NISMED)

APEC‐Tsukuba and UNESCO (MGIEP) International Conference XI
University of Tsukuba, Tokyo Campus, Japan
9‐12 February 2017

Analysis of Primary Energy Supplyof the Philippines and Malaysia• Level: Grade 7• Topic: Gathering, Organizing, Presenting, and Analyzing
Data• Prerequisite Knowledge/Skills: Kinds of graphs

APEC‐Tsukuba and UNESCO (MGIEP) International Conference XI
University of Tsukuba, Tokyo Campus, Japan
9‐12 February 2017Analysis of Primary Energy Supplyof the Philippines and Malaysia• Objectives:
The students should be able to:
1. communicate and exchange ideas with fellow students
from another country
2. apply their knowledge and skills in gathering and presenting data
in a table and graph as well as reading and interpreting graphs
3. analyze the relationships of the primary energy supply by source(e.g. coal) and different sectors (e.g. indigenous production)
4. think mathematically and appreciate the importance of using life‐
long learning skills to gain a better understanding of concerns
related to energy and of their role as citizens of the society
APEC‐Tsukuba and UNESCO (MGIEP) International Conference XI
University of Tsukuba, Tokyo Campus, Japan
9‐12 February 2017TASK 1: Analyzing Indigenous Production• Choose a primary energy supply by sourcecommon to the two countries.
• Visit the APEC Energy Database.
(http://www. ieej.or.jp/egeda/database/database‐top.html)

APEC‐Tsukuba and UNESCO (MGIEP) International Conference XI
University of Tsukuba, Tokyo Campus, Japan
9‐12 February 2017TASK 1: Analyzing Indigenous Production• Considering the data from 1994‐2014, draw
the graphs on one coordinate plane. For
sector and unit, choose indigenous production
and kTOE, respectively.
• Make 3 observations. Explain possible reasonsfor your observations.

APEC‐Tsukuba and UNESCO (MGIEP) International Conference XI
University of Tsukuba, Tokyo Campus, Japan
9‐12 February 2017

TOPIC: Primary Energy Supply• What is primary energy supply?
Primary energy supply is defined as energy production plus energy imports, minus
energy exports, minus international bunkers, then plus or minus stock changes.

• What is primary energy source?
Primary sources can be used directly, as they appear in the natural environment: coal,oil, natural gas and wood, nuclear fuels (uranium), the sun, the wind, tides,mountain lakes, the rivers from which hydroelectric energy can be obtained andthe Earth heat that supplies geothermal energy.

APEC‐Tsukuba and UNESCO (MGIEP) International Conference XI
University of Tsukuba, Tokyo Campus, Japan
9‐12 February 2017

TOPIC: Primary Energy Supply•What are the primary energy sources in thePhilippines and Malaysia?
Philippines :Malaysiaoil, coal, natural gas, geothermal, hydro, biomass, biofuel,wind, solar: crude oil, petroleum products, natural gas, coal and coke,hydropower, biodiesel, biomass, biogas•What is the difference between primary andsecondary source of energy?
Fossil fuels (coal, oil and gas), biofuels, wind, waves, solar radiation and nuclear fuels
are all primary sources of energy. A secondary energy source is one that is produced
using a primary source, e.g. electricity is a secondary source, which can be generated
by a number of different primary sources.

APEC‐Tsukuba and UNESCO (MGIEP) International Conference XI
University of Tsukuba, Tokyo Campus, Japan
9‐12 February 2017

TOPIC: Primary Energy Supply• What are the units of energy? What is kTOE?
1 kTOE (kilotonne of oil equivalent) = 1010 kcal

• What is indigenous production?
Indigenous production is one that is within a particular region/country.

APEC‐Tsukuba and UNESCO (MGIEP) International Conference XI
University of Tsukuba, Tokyo Campus, Japan
9‐12 February 2017

Example: Primary Energy Supply from CoalPrimary Energy
Supply Table
Indigenous
Produ Unit:KCoal ction TOE1994 1995 1996
8090 8483 8661
Japan719Malaysia1563 1612 2053
Philippines 1350 1584 2160

1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 20138864 8665 8929 9329 9576 9499 10554 1103 1121 1096 1139 1164 9928 1125 1071 1123 1175
2323659 54461451434196941561054 1460 1465 1579 1529
1569 1660 1374 2308 2911 4133 5717 7304 6822 8213 8854 9496
715601000
2810 2870 3279 4539 4661 4446 4641 4990 5230 5316 5449 6225 5310 7030 7726 9316
3

APEC‐Tsukuba and UNESCO (MGIEP) International Conference XI
University of Tsukuba, Tokyo Campus, Japan
9‐12 February 201720141164851525810642

4500

Primary Energy Supply from Coal
(Sector: Indigenous Production)

4000
3500

kTOE

3000
2500
2000
Malaysia
1500

Philippines

1000
5000Year

APEC‐Tsukuba and UNESCO (MGIEP) International Conference XI
University of Tsukuba, Tokyo Campus, Japan
9‐12 February 2017

GraphAPEC‐Tsukuba and UNESCO (MGIEP) International Conference XI
University of Tsukuba, Tokyo Campus, Japan
9‐12 February 2017TASK 2:Investigate the total primary energy
supply of the two countries.

APEC‐Tsukuba and UNESCO (MGIEP) International Conference XI
University of Tsukuba, Tokyo Campus, Japan
9‐12 February 2017

GraphPrimary Energy Supply from CoalSector: Total Primary Energy Supply
18000
16000
14000

kTOE

12000
10000
8000

Malaysia
Philippines

6000
4000
20000Year

APEC‐Tsukuba and UNESCO (MGIEP) International Conference XI
University of Tsukuba, Tokyo Campus, Japan
9‐12 February 2017TASK 2:
Possible Response
The trend of primary energy supply is increasing for both the Philippines andMalaysia.
Philippines: The primary energy supply from coal is increasing. This may be due tocoal being the cheapest of the fuel options. Also, consumption increase steadily as
new coal‐fired power plants are installed and industries switch to coal because ofthe highly volatile price of oil.
Malaysia: Coal is cheaper than natural gas. With the rapid increase in clean‐coaltechnologies, many coal power plants were put up.

APEC‐Tsukuba and UNESCO (MGIEP) International Conference XI
University of Tsukuba, Tokyo Campus, Japan
9‐12 February 2017

Extension:
Investigate the total primary energy
supply of the two countries and anothercountry (e.g. Japan)

APEC‐Tsukuba and UNESCO (MGIEP) International Conference XI
University of Tsukuba, Tokyo Campus, Japan
9‐12 February 2017

GraphPrimary Energy Supply from Coal
(Sector: Indigenous Production)
4500
4000
3500kTOE30002500
Japan

2000

Malaysia

1500

Philippines
1000
500
0

Year

APEC‐Tsukuba and UNESCO (MGIEP) International Conference XI
University of Tsukuba, Tokyo Campus, Japan
9‐12 February 2017

GraphPrimary Energy Supply from Coal
Sector: Total Primary Energy Supply
140000120000kTOE

100000
80000
Japan
60000

Malaysia
Philippines

40000
20000
0

Year

APEC‐Tsukuba and UNESCO (MGIEP) International Conference XI
University of Tsukuba, Tokyo Campus, Japan
9‐12 February 2017

Skills• Gathering Data through the Internet• Reading Tables• Presenting Data in a Graph• Reading and Interpreting Graphs• Making Inferences• Analyzing Relationships• Making Connections• Communicating Results

THANK YOU!!!

APEC‐Tsukuba and UNESCO (MGIEP) International Conference XI
University of Tsukuba, Tokyo Campus, Japan
9‐12 February 2017