The outline ofSATREPS projectAIM
1. Elucidating the pollution mechanism of lead in ecologicalsystem, human and animals
2. Follow up study to the harmful metal pollution in children
3. Development and evaluation of the on‐demandenvironmental remediation technology

The outline of a projectContents (Group)
Elucidating apollution
mechanism inecological systemand human1

Approach

Outputsa. Measurement of lead in soil • Elucidation of the shift mechanismand environment samplesof lead to humanb.Wide area surveillance of• New vegetation index
lead (remote sensing)• Simulation of the pollution diffusion

Follow up study
a. Risk assessment of theto the harmful
hazard with lead
metal pollution in b.Economic assessment ofchildren
the hazard with lead2

• Elucidation of the toxic mechanismof lead
• The expert training• Therapy protocol of the chronic
poisoning

Environmental
remediation• New environmental remediation
technology of the soil

3a. Physical remediationb.Chemical remediationc. Bio‐remediation andphytoremediation

Group3 Research topics• Characterization of mine wastes(boring core)• Critical pathways of Pb: dispersionwith dust, surface runoff, andinfiltration into underground• Remediation technology of the mine
wastes (pilot scale tests, advancedtechnology (beakar scale)

PbZn

Cd

Soil
Ground water

Embankment

3

Activity2016• Preparation of pilot scale tests+Bore hole drillings at Kabwe site and UNZA (Groundwaterobservation well, boring core sampling and analysis)+Planning of pilot scale tests (test mound: covering soil,
adsorbent, plant, environmental checking with UNZA, ZEMA)• Air dust collection (trial)• Sampling and characterization analysis of mining‐metallurgicalprocessing waste samples
2017• Pilot scale tests• Collaboration research• Student exchange, invitation of staffs
4

Pilot scale tests in UNZA

location

Pilot test site

Pilot scale tests
Adsorbents mixedwith tailings

Covering
Soil

Soil

Soil

Ground water

Ground water

Objectives
To reduce the heavy metal concentration in dust
→Covering with uncontaminated soils→Covering with sheet or other materials
To reduce the solubility of toxic elements→Mixing with adsorbents for reducing the solubility
6

Pilot scale tests
Meteorological observation(weather station)
1. Direction of wind
2. Velocity of wind
3. Atmospheric pressure
4. Solar radiation
5. Rainfall
6. Temperature
7. Humidity※One caseGroup3
Laboratory ofGroundwater and Mass Transport

Mineralogy, Geochemistry

Kenta NotoJIn OtaProf. T. Igarashi

Earth science
Prof. K. Toyota,
S. Tanaka

Prof. T. Sato Assoc. Prof. T. Otake

MITSUBISHI materials techno(Bore hole, pilot scale tests)
Laboratory of Biotechnology forResources Engineering
MwandiraWilson

Assoc. Prof. K. Nakajima

Kalaba Lawrence
Kamegamori

Majorie
Mbambara

Laboratory of Mineral Processing＆ Resources Recycling
Shun Takakuwa
Kazuki Minatogawa

Assoc. Prof. M. Ito

Laboratory ofGroundwater and Mass Transport

Mineralogy, Geochemistry

Kenta NotoJIn OtaProf. T. Igarashi

Earth science
Prof. K. Toyota,
S. Tanaka

Prof. T. Sato Assoc. Prof. T. Otake

Kalaba Lawrence
Kamegamori

MITSUBISHI materials techno(Bore hole, pilot scale tests)
Collaboration research

Majorie
Mbambara

Laboratory of Biotechnology
for with UNZA
Laboratory of Mineral Processing
topicsResources Engineering＆ Resources Recycling
Shun Takakuwa
Kazuki Minatogawa
MwandiraWilson

Assoc. Prof. K. Nakajima

Assoc. Prof. M. ItoLaboratory ofGroundwater and Mass Transport
Prof. T. Igarashi
Plan for collaborative researches
Air dust monitoring by sampling and analyzing the dustin Kabwe to characterize the particle distribution of dust
and heavy metal content in the dust (5 sampling locations)Ground water monitoring in UNZA (3 wells) andKabwe (3 wells) (every 3 hours) to clarify thechemical properties depending on the groundwater level
Evaluation of the collect data and collecting undisturbed
soil sampling of pilot tests in UNZA to understand thediffusivity of heave metals
Monitoring meteorological data in UNZA to evaluate thecritical pathways of exposure of heavy metals

Laboratory of Mineral Processing＆ Resources Recycling
Shun Takakuwa
Kaduki Minatogawa
Assoc. Prof. M. Ito

Soil washing method:
Leaching and recovery of metals
Leaching: chelating agents (Cl‐, citric acid..)
Recovery: cementation (electrochemical) reaction

Physical and chemical treatment techniques
to recover heavy metals
Magnetic separation
Heavy metals in municipal solid waste fly
ash and contaminated soil

Pb

PbCO3
PbO

Pb‐covered Fepowder（Smelter feed）

Citric acid or ClPb2+

LiquidAsh, soilLeaching

S-L separation

FeCementation reaction !?
Fe+Pb2+=Fe2++Pb

Difficult to separateby physical separation methods ・Adsorbed water free of Pb

・Conventional techniques：water not Pb-freeProf. T. SatoKalaba Lawrence

SOURCES AND TRANSPORT MECHANISM OF HEAVYMETALS IN KABWE AREA, ZAMBIASAMPLE COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS
1324Sample collected 1) Leaching residue sample
 2) Zn sulfate 3) Wealz kilm sample 4) (Imperial smelting furnance)
ISF‐slag sample 5) Sato Sensei inspecting one ofthree borehole drilled in thestudy area 6) Shows core samples collected

5Expected samples to be collected
Water samples (Surface andgroundwater)

Sample Analysis

6Doing XRD and XRF for thesefour samples, others are SEM‐
EDS and EPMA
Petrographic study for coresamples
ICP‐AES, ICP‐MS and IC for water
samples once collected

Laboratory of Biotechnology for Resources Engineering

Assoc. Prof. K. Nakajima

Research plan for bioremediation of leadcontaminated site, Kabwe, Zambia.
MwandiraWilson
Laboratory of Biotechnology for Resources Engineering
Supervisor: Professor Kazunori Nakashima

1st March 2017

GENERAL RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Lead
Bioremediation

Water
Bioremediation

Soil and sediment
Bioremediation

Metal-binding
microbes bygenetic
manipulation

Biomineralisation

Biocementation using urease-producing microbes
Ground improvement technique using microbes
environmentally friendly
Mechanism :urea
Pararhodobacter sp.

sandureaseproducing
microbesurea
CO(NH2)2

CaCO3
Ca2+

Cell surface display system of microbes
Cell surface display

Metal-binding protein

protein/enzyme
anchor protein

Binding metal:
ZnCu, Cd, Pb,Ag, Hg etc.

Microbes

Biding site:
Cys (-SH)
PNAS, 2001, 98, 9593

Cell membrane

metallothionein

Functional microbes harboring metallothionein on its
cell surface

Cell surface display system of microbes
Heavy metal contaminated water(Pb, Zn, Cd, Cu etc.)

Microbes

Heavy metal free water

POSSIBLE AREAS OF RESEARCH COLLABORATION WITHSCHOOL OF MINES

 Isolation of urease‐producing microbes in Zambia
 Solidification test using indigenous microbes On‐site solidification for bioremediation in Kabwe
 Treatment of Pb‐contaminated water in Kabwe