MOZAMBIQUE
EFFECTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE & SPATIALPLANNING

Presentation Structure
1. Introduction
2. Contextualization
3. Spatial Planning (OT)
4. Territory Planning System
5. Legal Framework of the Spatial Planning (OT) in Mozambique
6. Current Status of Spatial Planning
7. Spatial Planning (SP) constraints
8. Challenges of the SP (Implementation of the PNDT)
9. NTDP/PNDT Concept/Objective
10. NTDP/PNDT Ecological Structure - Natural Risks
11. NTDP/PNDT Actions in progress.

1. Introduction.
Spatial planning is currently considered a relevant measure to materialize perspectives related toadaptations to climate dynamics.

In this way, the territorial configurations respond to the actions of the multiple dimensions of theterritory and, in them, the effective measures of mitigation, adaptation and resilience in the faceof climate nuances.

In this sense, by intertwining territorial planning with environmental dynamics and, in them,climate effects, it is necessary to think about mechanisms that make it possible to reduce negative
anthropic impacts on the environment, the actions that make up the new perspectives of theman/nature relationship and how, from the social organization in its geographic base, certain areas
manage to adapt to the conditions of climatic nuances in their stories.

2. Contextualization
Mozambique is a country located on theeast coast of Southern Africa.

Area= 801 590 km² Pop:27 909 798
inhabitants

Mozambique is especially vulnerable tothe effects of Climate Change due to its
geographic location in the inter-tropicalconvergence zone and downstream ofshared river basins, its long coastline andthe existence of extensive areas withaltitude below the current sea level2. Contextualization….cont.
In Mozambique, Climate Change manifests itself through changes in temperature andprecipitation patterns, rising sea levels and both in terms of frequency and intensity of extreme
weather events such as:

droughts

floodsAffecting different regions of the country every year

Tropical Cyclones

3. Spatial Planning

The activity of Spatial Planning in the Country, for a long time, was largely restricted
to Urbanization Plans for Cities and Towns;

However, this activity gained greater dimension with the approval of the Territorial
Planning Policy and Law in 2007;

4. Spatial Planning System in Mozambique
NATIONAL TERRITORIAL DEVELOPMENT PLAN(art. 10/2-a)
NATIONAL(art. 8/1-a)

PROVINCIAL (art.
8/1-b)MUNICIPALITIES (art. 8/1-d)(art. 8/1-c)

PROVINCIAL TERRITORIAL DEVELOPMENT PLANS(art. 10/3)
DISTRICT LAND USE PLAN
(art. 10/4)
URBANURBANIZATIONPLAN(art. 10/5-b)
DETAIL PLAN
(art. 10/5-c)

P. OF URBAN STRUCTURE(art. 10/5-a)

TERRITORIAL AND URBAN
MANAGEMENTDISTRICTSPECIAL LANDSCAPE PLANS(art. 10/2-a)

5. Legal framework for Spatial Planning (Legislation).
1. The Constitution of the Republic of Mozambique (CRM) of December 22, 2004, revised onJune 12, 2018 (Article 117) grants citizens the right to live in a balanced environment
2. The State determined the rules for the development of the territory through:Spatial Planning Law - Law nº 19/2007, of 18 July; Regulation of the SP Law, Decree nº 23/2008, of 01 July; Regulation on the Resettlement Process of Populations, Resulting from Economic Activities
Decree No. 31/2012 of 8 August, The NTDP/PNDT and its Action Plan, approved through Resolution No. 7/2021 of 28December;

3. Law nº 8/2003 of May 19th and Decree nº 11/2005 of June 10th (LOLE and RLOLE) – norms,organization and functioning of local state bodies.
The legal framework for the land, forestry and environment sector is in the process of being
revised.

6. Current Status of Spatial Planning• Over these years, several SP havebeen

prepared

althoughmanyatalllevels,

ofthemnotcompleted processes like lack oflegal approval and ratification andtheir effective implementation.
• Less of 10% have been published6. Current Status of Spatial Planning

Accelerated and unplanned growth of peri-urban areas in cities and towns (Increasing Slums);

Weak implementation of territorial planning instruments, where they exist; Consequently, theestablishment of housing located in inappropriate areas, subject to erosion, flooding and otherrisks;

The occupation of new housing areas is not accompanied by basic infrastructure;Housing in inappropriate areas, subject to erosion, flooding and other risks;

Slowness in recruiting specialized personnel to fill the urbanization sectors.

7. Constraints / Spatial PlanningPoor knowledge of legislation on Land, SP and Environment;

Lack of planning and prioritization of the planning activity by the different implementers;

Limited or non-existent technical capacity and equipment in the urbanization area or in the SP ingeneral;Luck of funds to implement SP;Weak capacity for disseminating and implementing SP instruments.

8. Challenges / Spatial Planning (Operationalization of the NTDP/PNDT)
Include SP implementation activities in annual planning and budgeting;Massive training and qualification of technicians from Municipalities, Districts in the preparation,
implementation and inspection of SP instruments/IOT;Equipping District and Municipal Services with human resources and equipment – capacitybuilding;Implement the SP at the execution and operative level (Detailed Plans) – with low-cost andflexible planning models adapted to the economic conditions of our country, giving greater
dynamism to the SP sector in urban and rural areas;Fund raising

Monitoring and Supervision the implementation of SP/IoT at all levels;



Define long-term Urban Development Program/Strategy.

9. NTDP – Concept/Objective

The NTDP/PNDT (National Territorial for Development Plan) is a strategic guidance instrument,
which aims to define the set of principles that should guide the elaboration of spatial planning
instruments, establish the order of intervention priorities, promoting a correct organization offunctions and activities in the territory.

The NTDP Action Plan comprises 96 activities distributed by the various institutions at the central,provincial, district and municipal levels;

10 . NPTD/PNDT and the Ecological Structure - Natural Risks

PNDT. Proposta Final|11. Actions in progress - Chalenges
Elaboration of SP instruments IOT's (Plans-PPDT, PDUT's, PEU's) in some places of the Nationalterritory.

Implementation of the PLA (Local Adaptation Plans) to the negative impacts of climate change.
(Review, update and integrate the District Plan into a single document, preparing a District
Territorial Plan, which will include the climate action plan);

Revision of the National Strategy for Intervention in Informal Settlements (approval pending);

Revision of the Territorial Planning Legislative Package;

Revision of the Land Law;Elaboration of the National Territorial Management Program "ORDERING MY NEIGHBORHOOD“.

11. Actions in progress - Chalenges. Cont…..
Elaboration of the National Territorial Management Program "ORDERING MY NEIGHBORHOOD"

Purpose:•Mass training and qualification of technicians from Municipalities and Districts in theelaboration, implementation and supervision of IOT.

Expected results:•

More than 18,000 actors are trained in land use planning using basic techniques andmaterials on climate change;•

More than 560 local plans designed and implemented using basic techniques;•More than 560 reorganized neighborhoods;•

More than 2,500,000 people benefited;•

There is a significant reduction of people living in areas of risk and disorderly occupation.

THANK YOU VERY MUCH

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