ENUM Activities in Japan- ENUM Study Group & ENUM Trial Japan October 1, 2003

Hiro Hotta
hotta@jprs.co.jp

ETJP (ENUM Trial Japan)
Hiro Hotta, ETJP

Meeting with SEFT delegates1

Establishment of ENUM Study Group• ENUM technologies– being standardized in IETF
– specifications almost fixed• Policy of International Operation– had been discussed and becoming more well-defined in ITU-T– published as Supplement Document• ENUM trial environment– being prepared by IAB，RIPE NCC，ITU-T, etc.
– being under trial in several countries• In Japan– IP telephone services are rapidly growing– 050xxxxyyyy is being assigned to IP telephones- ENUM should be well studied and understood- How ENUM is used should be made clear
Hiro Hotta, ETJP

Meeting with SEFT delegates2

Objectives• Understanding the ENUM technology• Studying the implementation and operation of the
ENUM–based system, and related matters• Finding political/regulatory issues related to ENUMbased implementation and operation• Finding technological issues related to ENUM
• Clarifying pros and cons in ENUM usage

The followings are studied- ENUM technology- Related technology such as DNS，URI，DDDS
Hiro Hotta, ETJP

Meeting with SEFT delegates

3

Members• Chair– Shigeki Goto (Waseda Univ.)• Vice Chair– Susumu Sano (JPNIC)• Secretariat– JPNIC• Members (23)– Telecommunication companies– IP telephone service providers– Network Device Vendors– Network Solution Providers– ccTLD registry (JPRS)– Trading companies– Non-profit organizations– Professionals from universities• Observers– Ministry of Public Management, Home Affairs, Posts andTelecommunications (MPHPT)
Hiro Hotta, ETJP

Meeting with SEFT delegates4

Scope• ENUM technology itself• Some issues happening after resolving the telephone
number mapping is important to implement anddeploy the service, but they are out of scope on
current Japan ENUM Study Group• Its report in May 2003 covers– Outline of ENUM
– What are solved by ENUM
– Registration model of ENUM
– Privacy and security in ENUM

• All the activities were on the desk
– No experiment / no trial

Hiro Hotta, ETJP

Meeting with SEFT delegates

5Tier structure• Tier structure and DNS zone structure– Country dependent– Existing structures of Telecom and Internet-relatedindustry should be considered and a new
combined/compromised structure may be necessary toutilize ENUM

• Recommendation– Boundary between Tier0 and Tier1 is 1.8.e164.arpa• as +81 is used for subscribers if and only if in Japan– Boundary between Tier1 and Tier2 has some options• Examples are shown in next pages

Hiro Hotta, ETJP

Meeting with SEFT delegates6

Boundary between Tier1 and Tier2 (model1)
Tier1 has phone numbers in full and no Tier2 is introduced
e164.arpa
Tier0
1.8.e164.arpa

Tier1

This model gives stable coherent
services to all the subscribers.

telephone numbers
NS record

Hiro Hotta, ETJP

NAPTR record

Meeting with SEFT delegates7

Boundary between Tier1 and Tier2 (model2)
Tier1 has phone numbers in full and Tier2 handles a
NAPTR record of each number.
e164.arpa
Tier0
1.8.e164.arpa

Tier1
Each subscriber can choose Tier2
provider to get preferred service.

telephone numbers
Tier2
NS record

Hiro Hotta, ETJP

NAPTR record

Meeting with SEFT delegates8

Boundary between Tier1 and Tier2 (model3)
Boundary corresponds to the chunks (10,000 numbers)
assigned to Telecom providers.
e164.arpa
Tier0
1.8.e164.arpa
Telephone provider and Tier2 registry canbe the same, in which case themanagement of users may be efficient.

Tier1

050xxxx

090zzzz

050yyyy

. . .

Tier2

telephone numbers
NS record

Hiro Hotta, ETJP

NAPTR record

Meeting with SEFT delegates9

Boundary between Tier1 and Tier2 (model4)
Tier1 is divided into groups corresponding to chunks, each
represents a phone service for example.
e164.arpa
Tier0
1.8.e164.arpa
for example, 050 for IP phones and 090
for mobile phones

050

Tier1

050xxxx

090

090zzzz

050yyyy

. . .

Tier2

telephone numbers
NS record

Hiro Hotta, ETJP

NAPTR record

Meeting with SEFT delegates10

User ENUM and Operator ENUM
• User ENUM and Operator ENUM
– Definitions of them were inevitable in carrying forward a discussion– Definition should have been done with our words and withknowledge of national telecom industry structure• User ENUM
– Each user of E.164 number, who subscribes a telecom service
identified by the number, registers his/her favorite application
services to ENUM records at his/her will
– IETF, UKEG, ENUM Forum (US) seem to mainly give focus on thiscategory• Operator ENUM
– A provider, which has assigned the number to the user, uses ENUM
records to implement its service identified by the number at its will
– This receives interests from IP telephone service providers in Japan• Combined models of User and Operator ENUM
– Addition of User ENUM flavor to Operator ENUM
– Addition of Operator ENUM flavor to User ENUM
Hiro Hotta, ETJP

Meeting with SEFT delegates

11

Example of registration policies• Mandatory– Operators register ENUM records to implement theircommunication services– Typical in Operator ENUM

• Opt-in– Users register ENUM records spontaneously– Typical in User ENUM

• Restriction of available services– Only allowed services can be registered– Only allowed parameters can be registered• Restriction on priorities– For example, services provided by primary telecom
operator are registered as prioritized
Hiro Hotta, ETJP

Meeting with SEFT delegates12

Privacy issues• Information within DNS– Destination address is publicized in DNS– For example, to hide a direct mail address• Register aci2hnwz@example.co.jp as NAPTR• Convert aci2hnwz to yamada in mail server• WHOIS information– Information on registrants is publicized in WHOIS
database for stable distributed operation– Balance should be made between operation
stability and privacy• Customer information– Should be secured as in the usual business
Hiro Hotta, ETJP

Meeting with SEFT delegates13Security issues• ENUM– Spoofing of registrant– Falsification of registered data
– Exhaustive loop-up for collecting data
– DoS

• DNS
– Wiretapping of DNS query– Falsification of DNS response– Spoofing of DNS server– Falsification of zone data
– Counterfeiting of cache– DoS• Communication service– Wiretapping of communicaiton– Falsification of caller/callee– SPAM– congestion– DoS

Hiro Hotta, ETJP

Meeting with SEFT delegates14

Access control issues• Information within ENUM DNS– All users can access the global unique DNS space– E.164 number space is globally unique– All users can access all the information on EMUM DNS• Users or communication providers– may want to restrict the users who can access the portion of
the ENUM under their control• Possible solution– It seems there should be some mechanism to restrict theview in communication applications/devices (SIP, mail, …)Hiro Hotta, ETJP

Meeting with SEFT delegates

15

ENUM Trial Japan (ETJP)• Establishment– on 17 September 2003

• Purpose– Perform ENUM trials to ensure functioning and feasibility of basic
technical facility– Demonstration of technology for international use– Accumulation of know-how on ENUM and sharing of it among
participants• Activities– DNS operation for ENUM Trial– Feasibility test of communication applications (device, software) using
ENUM– Feasibility test of communication services• Results– Results of technical verification• Communication devices and software provided by participants• Communication services– Clarification and consideration of relevant issues
Hiro Hotta, ETJP

Meeting with SEFT delegates

16

ETJP organization• Participants– Companies, organizations, and individuals who hope to contribute to
ETJP activities– Members should specify how they contribute to ETJP
– Number of members: 31 (as of September 30)• Officers– Chairman• Shigeki Goto
Japan Network Information Center (JPNIC)/Waseda University– Vice chairman• Hirofumi Hotta
Japan Registry Service Co., Ltd.(JPRS)• Yoshiki Ishida
WIDE Project• Secretariat– JPNIC and JPRS
Hiro Hotta, ETJP

Meeting with SEFT delegates17Positioning of ETJP
TTCTAOJapan Internet Forum
HATS
Ubiquitous Networking ForumTCA
TELESA
FMMC
IAjapan

MPHPT (and its Committees)

Participation
Participation
Input about regulation

Report/Consultation

ENUM Study Group
Members

Business community
and relatedorganizations

Report/Consultation

Report/Consultation

ENUM Trial Japan ‐ ETJP ‐Cooperation

Communication hardware venders
Members
Trials in othercountries/
economies
Cooperation/
Coordination
Web publication
Debrief report
Publication of the result
Hiro Hotta, ETJP

Communication software venders

Feedback for operation

Communication service providers
Trade associations

ENUM Registry

OthersOperational verification of devices andsoftwareConsideration of service structure
Clarification of issues

Provision of the environment
for the usage of ENUM

Meeting with SEFT delegates18References of the organizations•

The Telecommunication Tchnology Committee (TTC)– http://www.ttc.or.jp/e/index.html•

Telecommunications Advancement Organization of Japan (TAO)– http://www.shiba.tao.go.jp/•

Japan Internet Forum– http://www.internetforum.gr.jp/e/index.html•

Promotion Conference of Harmonization of Advanced Telecommunication Systems(HATS)– http://www.ciaj.or.jp/hats/•

Ubiquitous Networking Forum– http://www.ubiquitous-forum.jp/•

Telecommunications Carriers Association (TCA)– http://www.tca.or.jp/index-e.html•

Telecom Services Association (TELESA)– http://www.telesa.or.jp/•

Foundation for MultiMedia Communications (FMMC)– http://www.fmmc.or.jp/english/index.html•

Japan Internet Providers Association (JAIPA)– http://www.jaipa.or.jp/•

Internet Association Japan (IAjapan)– http://www.iajapan.org/index-en.html

Hiro Hotta, ETJP

Meeting with SEFT delegates

19

ENUM trial (in preparation)
Elements
Elements inin thethe communication
communication services
services on
on ENUM
ENUM

subscription
application

initialregistration
provider

user

ENUM
DNS

resolution
communication(obtaining method andtarget address ofcommunication)
selection/changechange of ENUM data
element1 ENUM infrastructureelement4 provisioning (registration of communication method)element2 ENUM application

element3 communication service on ENUM
PhasesPhases ofof thethe trial
trial

phsae1phase2phase3
Hiro Hotta, ETJP

Meeting with SEFT delegates

20

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Hiro Hotta, ETJP

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Meeting with SEFT delegates

21

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Hiro Hotta, ETJP

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Meeting with SEFT delegates

22

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Hiro Hotta, ETJP

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Meeting with SEFT delegates23