Final Report
DVD Recorders Evaluation Standard Subcommittee,
Energy Efficiency Standards Subcommittee ofthe Advisory Committee for Natural Resources and Energy

The “Final Report by the TV Sets and Video Cassette Recorders Evaluation Standard
Subcommittee, Energy Efficiency Standards Subcommittee of the Advisory Committee on
Natural Resources and Energy (June 13th, 2005)” presented the evaluation standard for
DVD recorders.

However, DVD recorders equipped with digital tuners accounted for

only a small percentage in the market during the period of deliberation.

The

subcommittee consequently excluded such DVD recorder types from the scope of Top
Runner Standards with an additional statement that, judging from the shipment
condition, their evaluation shall begin when a sufficient number of the products entersthe market.
In response to this statement and considering that DVD recorders with digital tuners
are becoming the mainstream along with the nationwide commencement of digitalterrestrial broadcasting in December 2006, the DVD Recorders Evaluation Standard
Subcommittee had deliberations on the evaluation standard for the manufacturers andimporters (hereinafter referred to as “manufacturers”) concerning the improvement of theperformance of DVD recorders, and adopted the following final report to revise of thetarget scope.
1. Category to be Added to the Target Scope [See Attachment 1]
The current target scope for DVD recorders will be revised to include categories for
those with digital tuners (hereinafter referred to as a “DTB [Digital Terrestrial
Broadcasting]-capable DVD recorders“).
However, the additional target scope will exclude those for industrial use, those withgame functions or server functions, those with neither VCR nor HDD, those having a
digital tuner but equipped with VCR only, and those with a next generation recording
device (Blue-ray disc recorder and HD DVD recorder).
2. Details of the Evaluation Standard for Manufacturers(1) Target fiscal year [See Attachment 2]
Fiscal Year 2010
(2) Target standard value [See Attachments 3 and 4]
Concerning DTB-capable DVD recorders to be shipped by a manufacturer for thedomestic market in the target fiscal year, for each category in the table below, themanufacturer has to make sure that the value obtained by weighting and averaging
energy consumption efficiency (annual energy consumption) calculated according to (3)with the number of shipped units shall not go over the target standard value.

1Integrated
Recording
DeviceCategory

HDD
Recording
Capacitya
HDD capacityof below 500
GB

b
c
d

With HDD only
HDD capacityof 500 GB or
greaterefg

HDD capacityof below 500
GB

h
i
j

With HDD and
VCR
HDD capacityof 500 GB or
greaterklAdditional
Function(s)No additional
functionWith one
additional function
With two or more
additional
functionsNo additional
functionWith one
additional function
With two or more
additional
functionsNo additional
functionWith one
additional function
With two or more
additional
functionsNo additional
functionWith one
additional function
With two or more
additional
functionsTarget Standard
Value(kWh/year)
58.1
64.4
71.2
65.3
71.7
78.4
65.0
71.9
79.3
72.9
79.8
87.2

Note: “Additional function” refers to simultaneous dual program recording functions, iLink (digital
video (DV) interface) and simultaneous encoding functions.
“iLink (DV interface)” is another term for IEEE 1394, which is one of the transmission
methods for connecting a peripheral device(s) to personal computers or video devices. iLink
is expected to be a promising standard for interfacing computers and video devices with
peripheral devices. There is a move to utilize it for home LAN to interconnect home
appliances.
“Simultaneous encoding function” refers to a feature which multiple encoders operate
simultaneously.

(3) Measurement method of energy consumption efficiency [See Attachment 5]
Energy consumption efficiency shall be the value (kWh/year) calculated by thefollowing equation.
E = [ { Pdon − (Pdon − Pdoff) × 0.2 } × (t1 − tepg) + Phrec × t2 + Phpl × t3 + Pdvd × t4 + Pepg × tepg ]/ 10002

wherein,E:annual energy consumption (kWh)Pdon :

standby power during display state (W)Pdoff :

standby power during non-display state (W)Phrec : operational power when HDD recording (W)Phpl :

operational power when HDD playing (W)Pdvd :

operational power when DVD operating (W)Pepg :

power consumption at EPG (electronic program guide) acquisition (W)t1 :annual standard standby time (7482.5) (h)t2 :annual standard HDD recording time (730) (h)t3 :annual standard HDD playing time (365) (h)t4 :annual standard DVD operating time (182.5) (h)tepg :

annual standard EPG acquiring time *varies depending on devices.

(4) Display items and others(a) Display items shall be as follows.
a) name and typeb) categoryc) HDD memory capacityd) energy consumption efficiency (annual energy consumption)e) manufacturer's name(b) Compliance itemsa) Energy consumption efficiency shall be indicated by 3 or greater significant figuresin kWh/year.

In this case, energy consumption efficiency shall be 105% or below

of the displayed value.
b) At consumers' selection, the display items shown in (a) shall be clearly displayedin prominent position of catalogs and instruction manuals which describe theproducts’ performance.

In this case, the item shown in d) of (a) shall be displayedin prominent fashion, such as underlined, in large size font, or color change.
3. Proposals for Energy-Saving(1)

Actions of users

3(a) Efforts shall be made to select DVD recorders with excellent energy consumption
efficiency, by effectively using information such as “Energy-Saving Label”.

Whenusing DVD recorders, energy-saving effort shall also be made through appropriate
and efficient usage.
(2)

Actions of retailers(a) Sales of DVD recorders with excellent energy consumption efficiency shall bepromoted, and efforts shall be made to provide appropriate information, by use of“Energy-Saving Label”, etc., so that users are able to select such DVD recorders.
Also, in utilizing Energy-Saving Label, it shall be displayed clearly so that users canunderstand it easily without misconception.
(3)

Actions of manufacturers(a) Technical development for energy-saving of DVD recorders shall be promoted, andefforts shall be made to develop products of excellent energy consumption efficiency.
(b) Aiming at the spread of DVD recorders with excellent energy consumption efficiency,"Energy-Saving Label" shall be swiftly introduced, and efforts shall be made toprovide appropriate information so that users are able to select such DVD recorders.
Also, in utilizing Energy-Saving Label, it shall be displayed clearly so that users canunderstand it easily without misconception.
(c) The next generation recording devices are excluded from the target scope this time
due to their small market share and small numbers of introduced models.
However, annual energy consumption and other information shall be displayed forthe reason that, from now on, their shipment is expected to increase in the light oftransition to Digital Terrestrial Broadcasting in FY 2011.

When displaying therelevant information, it shall be done clearly so that users can understand it easily
without misconception.
(4)

Actions of Government(a) Aiming at the spread of DVD recorders with excellent energy consumption efficiency,
efforts shall be made to take necessary measures such as spread and enlightenment
activities, so as to promote actions of users and manufacturers.
(b) Implementation of the display items by manufacturers shall be checked periodicallyand continuously.

Also, appropriate law management shall be made so as forcorrect and easy-to-understand information provision for users concerning energy
consumption efficiency.
(c) The energy-saving standard based on the Top Runner method is a very effective
4

means for energy-saving of products; therefore, effort shall be made to promotebetter understanding about the Top Runner method and to have it spreadinternationally by catching appropriate opportunities.

5

Attachment 1
Scope of DVD Recorders
To Be Added to the Top Runner Standards
1. Current Target Scope
The following is the target scope of DVD recorders added to the designatedmachinery and equipment under the Energy Conservation Law in April 2006:
DVD recorders which operate on AC power line (rated frequency of 50Hz or 60Hz,
and rated voltage of 100V).
However, the following types are excluded: those for industrial use having
restrictions on specifications and those having an extremely small market share such asones with neither VCR nor HDD, ones with game or server function, and one withdigital tuners.
2. Categories Added to the Target Scope
In the final report of the “TV Sets and Video Cassette Recorders Evaluation
Standard Subcommittee” held in 2005, it was decided for DVD recorders with digitaltuners that “depending on future development, we shall conduct a necessary review
when it is considered appropriate to include them in the scope.”
Consequently DVD recorders with digital tuners, which are now becoming themainstream, are to be added to the target scope of the designated machinery andequipment.
However, next generation recording devices, Blue-ray disc recorders and HD DVD
recorders, are excluded from the target scope for setting the target standard values,
because of their small market share and model counts.
As for the following, they are also excluded from the target scope of the designatedmachinery and equipment.
(1) DVD recorders for industrial use (Shipment volume in FY 2005: 53 thousand
units)
They are the models for industrial purposes, such as ones for broadcasting or
the similar ones with particular specification, whose video input/output form is
RGB or component output, whose video input/output terminals are BNC
6terminals, or whose external synchronization terminals are input/output
terminals for synchronized signal, and so forth.

They shall be excluded becauseof their limitations in specifications and the modest shipment volume.
(2) DVD recorders with extremely small market share
・ Ones equipped with game function or server function(Shipment volume in FY 2005: 0 thousand units)
・ Ones with neither VCR nor HDD(Shipment volume in FY 2005: 16 thousand units)
・ Ones with digital tuners and having VCR only
(Shipment volume in FY 2005: 0 thousand units)(Reference) Shipment volume in FY 2005 of other recording/playing devices:・ DVD players (2,789 thousand units)
・ HDD recorders ( ---- )7

Attachment
2
Target Fiscal Year, etc. for DVD Recorders
1.

In general, a considerable improvement in energy consumption efficiency of DVD
recorders is made when a model change takes place, and a typical development periodof these new products is approximately 2 years.

For this reason, consideration

should be given so that manufacturers can take at least two opportunities of bringing
out new models before a target fiscal year.
With the above in mind, the target fiscal year of DVD recorders equipped withdigitaltuner(hereinafterreferred

to

as

“DTB

[Digital

Terrestrial

Broadcasting]-capable DVD recorders”) shall be set to FY 2010.
2.

In addition, the improvement rate of energy consumption efficiency in the target
fiscal year is expected to be approximately 20.5% based on the assumption that there
will be no change in shipment volume and composition of each category from thecurrent status (the result in 2006).

<Overview of Estimation >(1) Energy consumption efficiency estimated from the values of actual achievements of
DTB-capable DVD recorders shipped in 2006: 85.9 kWh/year(2) Energy consumption efficiency estimated from the target standard values for
DTB-capable DVD recorders to be shipped in the target fiscal year: 68.3 kWh/year(3) Improvement rate of energy consumption efficiency(85.9 − 68.3)
×100 = Approximately 20.5%
85.9

8

Attachment 3

Categories for DVD Recorders

1. Current DVD Recorder Categories

DVD recorders without digital tuners (non DTB-capable DVD recorders) are
categorized as below based on the three parameters that will have impact on energy
consumption efficiency (annual energy consumption) and the future development ofenergy-saving technologies.

The standard is defined as a linear function with thestorage capacity of hard disk drive (HDD) as a variable for each category (constantvalue for those having VCR only).
(a) Categorization by the type of integrated recording device (HDD, VCR)(b) Categorization by the number of tuners and signal conversion functions(c) Categorization by the availability of digital network terminal

Table 1. Current Categories for Non DTB-capable DVD Recorders
Recording Device

Tuner and Signal Conversion
Function
Basic specification

Having HDD only

With multiple tuners
With multiple MPEG encoders
Basic specification

Having VCR only
With multiple tuners
Having HDD and
VCR

Basic specification
With multiple tuners

Additional Terminal
Without digital network terminal
With digital network terminal
Without digital network terminal
With digital network terminal
Without digital network terminal
With digital network terminal
Without digital network terminal
With digital network terminal
Without digital network terminal
With digital network terminal
Without digital network terminal
With digital network terminal
Without digital network terminal
With digital network terminal

9

With multiple MPEG encoders

Without digital network terminal
With digital network terminal*Digital network terminal is referred to i) iLink, ii) USB, iii) LAN, or iv) HDMI.

2. New Categorization Method for DVD Recorders(1) Basic Concept
Concerning DVD recorders with digital tuner (DTB-capable DVD recorders), forwhich the target standards are newly developed this time, they shall be categorizedtaking into consideration (a) the type of integrated recording device (HDD, VCR), (b)the recording capacity of HDD, (c) availability of simultaneous dual program
recording function and (d) availability of iLink (DV interface), because these items
will have impact on energy consumption efficiency and the future development ofenergy-saving technologies.
(2) Categories by the Type of Integrated Recording Device
Depending on the type of integrated recording device, DVD recorders can be either(a) those with HDD only, (b) those with VCR only, or (c) those with both HDD and VCR.
Since the difference in the type of integrated recording device influences energy
consumption efficiency and the future development of energy-saving technologies,
DVD recorders are categorized as the above. However, since DTB-capable DVD
recorders with VCR only are not and will not be shipped, this type is excluded fromthe revised categories.
(3) Categories by the Recording Capacity of HDD
Concerning currently shipped DTB-capable DVD recorders, taking 500 GB as a
threshold, the number of HDDs is increased from one to two units. As a result, since
the energy consumption efficiency is influenced by the storage capacity of HDD(approximately 8 kWh/year), DVD recorders are categorized by HDD storage capacityof either below 500GB or 500GB and over.
It should be noted that the standards, this time, are specified as fixed values incontrast to the current calculation formula for non DTB-capable DVD recorders with avariable of HDD’s recording capacity. Consequently, an increase in the energy
consumption due to growing recording capacity is expected to be limited.
(4) Categories by the Availability of Simultaneous Dual Program Recording Function
Currently shipped DTB-capable DVD recorders are equipped with multiple digitaltuners, besides BS tuner, to support for digital terrestrial broadcasting; moreover, theavailability of multiple tuners is already a standard specification. Since thedifference in the number of tuners has little impact on energy consumption efficiency,
10

categorization by the number of tuners and signal conversion functions, which havebeen specified in the current standards, shall be terminated.
Meanwhile, some of the currently shipped DVD recorders are equipped with asimultaneous dual program recording function, which increases energy consumption
efficiency (approximately 7 kWh/year). Accordingly, DTB-capable DVD recorders
shall be categorized by the availability of simultaneous dual program recording
function.
(5) Categories by the Availability of iLink (DV Interface)
While various digital network terminals have been developed as digitalization
advances, non DTB-capable DVD recorders are currently categorized by theavailability of digital network terminals (iLink [DV interface], USB, LAN and HDMI).
As digitization further advances, LAN and HDMI will become standard features for
future DTB-capable DVD recorders, resulting in that the current categorization by theavailability of digital network terminals will become obsolete. Considering market
trends in future, however, the iLink (DV interface), which transmits digital signals of
the information recorded on other recording devices (digital video camera, etc.) to a
DVD recorder, gives an impact on energy consumption efficiency (approximately 7
kWh/year) and has stronger characteristics of being an additive function than otherinterfaces. As a result, DVD recorders shall be categorized by the availability ofiLink.
i)

iLink: another name of “IEEE 1394” standard that is one of the transmission methods
connecting PC and video equipment with peripheral devices. It is expected to be thestandard for connecting PC and video equipment with peripheral devices. At the sametime, there is a move to utilize it for LAN at home, which interconnects home appliances.
Examples include an external output terminal of a digital video camera (commonly known
as “DV interface”).
ii) USB (Universal Serial Bus): it is one of the standards for data transmission channel,
which connects PC, etc. with peripheral devices such as a keyboard, mouse, modem andjoystick.
iii) LAN (Local Area Network): A data transmitting network connection among computers,
video equipment, printers, etc. placed in the same building through pair cables, co-axial
cables, fiber-optical cables, etc. Although there are some variations depending onconnection form and communication control method, Ethernet is the most prevalent
standard.
iv) HDMI (High-Definition Multimedia Interface): A new standard for digital video/audio
input/output interface, mainly for home appliances and AV equipment.
Since
video/audio/control signals can be transmitted/received through one cable, it will allow
controlling multiple AV devices with one remote-controller.

3. Establishment of Basic Category Proposal
Basic category proposal shall be set as follows.
11Tentative
Category

Table 2. Categories of DTB-Capable DVD Recorders (Proposal)
Integrated
Recording
DeviceHDD Recording
CapacityA
HDD recording
capacity of
below 500 GB

B
C
D
E

With HDD
only

F

HDD recording
capacity of 500
GB or greater

G
H
I
J

HDD recording
capacity of
below 500 GB

K
L
M
N
O

With HDD and
VCR

HDD recording
capacity of 500
GB or greater

P

Availability ofSimultaneous
Dual Program
Function

Availability ofiLink

Without iLink
Without
simultaneous dual
program function
With iLink
Without iLink
Withsimultaneous dual
program function
With iLink
Without iLink
Without
simultaneous dual
program function
With iLink
Without iLink
Withsimultaneous dual
program function
With iLink
Without iLink
Without
simultaneous dual
program function
With iLink
Without iLink
Withsimultaneous dual
program function
With iLink

Production
Quantity *(Composition
Ratio)
326,821 units(17.1%)
8,562 units(0.4%)
530,319 units(27.7%)
428,024 units(22.3%)−−
96,800 units(5.1%)
144,138 units(7.5%)
74,324 units(3.9%)
90,944 units(4.7%)
22,493 units(1.2%)
193,311 units(10.1%)

Without iLink
Without
simultaneous dual
program function
With iLink−

Without iLink
Withsimultaneous dual
program function
With iLink

−

−

−

* Production quantity in 2006 (Japan Electronics and Information Technology
Industries Association)

12

Attachment 4

Target Standard Values for DVD Recorders
1. Concept of Establishing Target Standard Values(1)

Basic Concept
We shall set target standard values based on the idea of Top Runner Method.

The

specific policies are as follows:(a) Target standard values shall be set for every category that has been appropriately
defined.
(b) As for the categories where future technological advances are expected to improve
efficiency, the target standard values shall allow for the improvement as much as
possible.
(c) Target standard values shall not conflict among categories.

(2) Response to the Categories Having no Devices
We have determined that DVD recorders having digital tuners (hereinafter referred toas “DTB-capable DVD recorders”) shall be categorized by the type of integrated
recording devices, HDD recording capacity, and the availabilities of simultaneous dual
program recording function and/or iLink (DV interface).
no corresponding products at this time.

Some of the categories have

Top Runner values for currently available

DTB-capable DVD recorders are listed in Table 1.
For the categories that currently have no corresponding products, target standard
values cannot be determined based on the actual measurements.

However, as thetransition to digital terrestrial broadcasting advances in the future, new models falling
into these categories are expected to emerge.

Therefore, we shall determine the Top

Runner values for these categories by adding incremental values to those of thecategories having corresponding devices.

The incremental values are calculated andset for each of the following cases: having integrated VCR, having HDD recording
capacity of 500 GB or greater, having simultaneous dual program recording function,and having iLink (DV interface).

13

Tentative
Category

Table 1. Top Runner Values for DTB-Capable DVD Recorders
Integrated
Recording
DeviceHDD
Recording
Capacity

Without
simultaneous
dual program
function

A
B
C
D
E

With HDD
only

HDD
recordingcapacity of
below 500 GB With
simultaneous
dual program
function

HDD
recordingcapacity of
500 GB or
greater

F
G
H

J
K

M
N
O
P

Without
simultaneous
dual program
functionWith
simultaneous
dual program
function
Without
simultaneous
dual program
function

I

L

Availability ofSimultaneous
Dual Program
FunctionWith HDD
and VCR

HDD
recordingcapacity of
below 500 GB With
simultaneous
dual program
function

HDD
recordingcapacity of
500 GB or
greater

Without
simultaneous
dual program
functionWith
simultaneous
dual program
function

14

Availability ofiLink

Top Runner
Value(kWh/year)

Without iLink

63.1

With iLink

70.5

Without iLink

70.0

With iLink

78.5

Without iLink―

With iLink―

Without iLink

110.5

With iLink

86.4

Without iLink

77.3

With iLink

72.4

Without iLink

98.1

With iLink

91.6

Without iLink―

With iLink―

Without iLink―

With iLink―

(4) Room for Improvement in Energy Consumption Efficiency Driven by Future
Technological Advances
Technological developments for DVD recorders are conducted mainly for better
usability, and the engineering efforts to improve energy consumption efficiency greatly
varies from one product to another, presumably leaving room for improvements inefficiency.
The significant difference in the engineering efforts to improve energy consumption
efficiency among products can be seen in the Top Runner values of corresponding
categories.

Such differences are greater than technical differences expected from thetype of integrated recording device, HDD storage capacity, etc.

Therefore, considering

the numbers of shipped models in the same category and the consistency of energy
consumption efficiency between different categories, these technically expecteddifferences are calculated for integrated recording devices, HDD storage capacity, etc.
In addition, we assume that technological improvements in the future will provide
improvements in energy consumption efficiency for each category to the same extent asthat for the category where the efficiency improvement efforts are the most advanced at
this time.

Specifically, we decided to adopt differences of; 1.9 kWh/year for having an

integrated VCR (difference between tentative categories B and J), 7.9 kWh/year for an
increase in HDD recording capacity (difference between tentative categories D and H),
6.9 kWh/year for having simultaneous dual program recording function (difference
between tentative categories A and C), and 7.4 kWh/year for the iLink (DV interface)(difference between tentative categories A and B).
After making these adjustments, target standard values improved by 8% from theoriginals are set for the product categories without VCR, which are thought to become
the mainstream in the future.

It is comprehensively taking account of the expectations

for improvement in energy consumption efficiency due to power-saving features instandby and EPG retrieval and due to power-saving measures adopted in HDD and
LSI/CPU at the time of developing new model lineup.

15

Integrated
Recording
Device

A
B
C
D
E

H

K

P

8.0

58.1

With iLink

70.5

8.0

64.9

Without
iLink

70.0

8.0

64.4

With iLink

78.5

9.3

71.2

―

―

65.3

―

―

72.1

110.5

35.1

71.7

86.4

9.3

78.4

Without
iLink

77.3

15.9

65.0

With iLink

72.4

0.0

72.4

98.1

26.7

71.9

91.6

13.4

79.3

―

―

72.9

―

―

80.3

―

―

79.8

―

―

87.2

Without
Without
simultaneous
iLink
dual program
With iLink
function

HDD
recordingcapacity of
below 500
GB

J

O

63.1

HDD
recordingcapacity of
below 500
GB

Without
simultaneous
dual program
functionWith
simultaneous
dual program
function

I

N

Without
iLink

Availability of
Top Runner
Simultaneous Availability of
Value
iLink
Dual Program(kWh/year)
Function

HDD
recordingcapacity ofWithout
500 GB or WithiLink
simultaneous
greaterdual program
With iLink
functionG

M

TargetStandard
Value(kWh/year)

HDD
Recording
Capacity

With HDD
only

F

L

Improvementin Efficiency(%)

Tentative
Category

Table 2. Target Standard Values for DTB-Capable DVD Recorders

With HDD
and VCR

Without
simultaneous
dual program
function

WithoutWith
iLink
simultaneous
dual program
With iLink
function
Without
Without
simultaneous
iLink
dual program
functionWith iLink

HDD
recordingcapacity ofWithout
500 GB or WithiLink
simultaneous
greaterdual program
With iLink
function16

2. Specific Target Standard Values
Target standard values as calculated above indicate that the difference in the values
between categories with simultaneous dual program recording function and with iLink(DV interface) is not more than 1%.

These categories are consequently combined.

Future market forces may create a new encoding function (for example, a signal
conversion function for a mobile AV device, which is expected to have a circuit size [energy
consumption efficiency] similar to that for DV signal conversion such as iLink [DVinterface] because of the nature of the processing), which allows for simultaneous
operation of multiple encoders (simultaneous encoding function).

To reduce

disincentives for new products with such function, and to encourage fair competition forsuch products under the Top Runner Program, simultaneous encoding function shall bedefined as one of the additional functions.

Consequently, simultaneous dual program

recording function, iLink (DV interface) and simultaneous encoding function are the three
additional functions, and DVD recorders shall be classified into three categories: (a) no
additional function, (b) with one additional function, and (c) with two or more additional
functions.
Target standard values according to the new categories are as follows.

17

Integrated
Recording
Device

a
b
c
d

g

HDD
recordingcapacity of
below 500
GB

h

k
l

HDD
recordingcapacity of
below 500
GBNo additional
functionWith one
additional
functionWith two or more
additional
functions

HDD
recordingcapacity of
500 GB or
greaterfjAdditional
Function(s)With HDD
only

e

i

HDD
Recording
Capacity

With HDD
and VCR
HDD
recordingcapacity of
500 GB or
greater

No additional
functionWith one
additional
functionWith two or more
additional
functionsNo additional
functionWith one
additional
functionWith two or more
additional
functionsNo additional
functionWith one
additional
functionWith two or more
additional
functions

18

Top Runner
Value(kWh/year)

Improvementin Efficiency(%)

Category

Table 3. Target Standard Values for DTB-Capable DVD Recorders (Combined Categories)
Target Standard
Value (kWh/year)

63.1

8.0

58.1

70.0

8.0

64.4

78.5

9.3

71.2

―

―

65.3

110.5

35.1

71.7

86.4

9.3

78.4

77.3

15.9

65.0

72.4

0.7

71.9

91.6

13.4

79.3

―

―

72.9

―

―

79.8

―

―

87.2

(Reference)

Annual年間消費電力量（ｋWh/年)
Energy Consumption (kWh/year)

160.0
140.0
120.0
100.0

None
+ None
無＋無
None
+
iLink
無＋iLINK
Dual
prog.
+ None
２番組＋無
80.0
Dual
prog. + iLink
２番組＋iLINK
No
add.
fctn.only(target)付加機能無（目標値）
Figure 1. Target Standard Values for DTB-Capable DVD Recorders with
HDD
付加機能１（目標値）
1
add.
fctn.
(target)60.0
2付加機能２（目標値）
add. fctn. (target)

Figure 2. Target Standard Values of DTB-Capable DVD Recorders with HDD and VTR
40.0
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
HDD容量（GＢ)HDD
Capacity

Figure1. Target Standard Values for DTB-Capable Recorders with HDD only

AnnualEnergy Consumption (kWh/year)
年間消費電力量（ｋWh/年)

160.0

VTR＋無＋無VCR+ None + None
VTR＋無＋iLINK
VCR+ None + iLink
VTR＋２番組＋無VCR + Dual prog. + None
VTR＋２番組＋iLINK
VCR+ Dual prog. + iLink
VTR＋付加機能無（目標値）
VCR+ No add. fctn. (target)
VTR＋付加機能１（目標値）
VCR+ 1 add. fctn. (target)
VTR＋付加機能２（目標値）
VCR + 2 add. fctn. (target)

140.0
120.0
100.0
80.0
60.0
40.0
0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

HDD容量（GＢ)HDD Capacity
Figure 2. Target Standard Values for DTB-Capable DVD Recorders with HDD and VCR

19

Annual Energy
Consumption (kWh/year)
年間消費電力（kWh/年）

80.0
75.0
70.0
65.0

63.1

60.0
Target standard value: 58.1

55.0
50.0
0

100

200

300

400

500

HDD
Capacity (GB)ＨＤＤ容量（ＧＢ）
Figure 4. Top Runner Value and Target Standard Value of Category B

Annual Energy
Consumption (kWh/year)
年間消費電力量（kWh/年）

Figure 3. Top Runner Value and Target Standard Value of Category a

110.0
100.0
90.0
80.0
70.0

70.0

Target standard value: 64.4

60.0
50.0
0

100

200

300

400

HDD
Capacity (GB)ＨＤＤ容量（ＧＢ）

Figure 4. Top Runner Value and Target Standard Value of Category b

20

500

Annual Energy
Consumption (kWh/year)
年間消費電力（kWh/年）

110.0
100.0
90.0
80.0

78.5

70.0

Target standard value: 71.2

60.0
50.0
0

100

200

300

400

500

HDD
Capacity (GB)ＨＤＤ容量（ＧＢ）

Annual Energy
Consumption (kWh/year)
年間消費電力（kWh/年）

Figure 5. Top Runner Value and Target Standard Value for Category c

150.0
130.0
110.0
110.5

90.0
70.0
Target standard value: 71.7

50.0
0

200

400

600
800
ＨＤＤ容量（ＧＢ）
HDD
Capacity (GB)

1000

1200

Figure 6. Top Runner Value and Target Standard Value for Category e

21Annual Energy
Consumption (kWh/year)
年間消費電力（kWh/年）

150.0
130.0
110.0
90.0

86.4

70.0

Target standard value: 78.4

50.0
0

200

400

600
800
ＨＤＤ容量（ＧＢ）
HDD
Capacity (GB)

1000

1200

Annual Energy
Consumption (kWh/year)
年間消費電力（kWh/年）

Figure 7. Top Runner Value and Target Standard Value for Category f

80.0
77.3

75.0
70.0
65.0
Target standard value: 65.0

60.0
55.0
50.0
0

100

200

300

400

HDD
Capacity (GB)ＨＤＤ容量（ＧＢ）

Figure 8. Top Runner Value and Target Standard Value for Category g

22

500

Annual Energy
Consumption (kWh/year)
年間消費電力（kWh/年）

110.0
100.0
90.0
80.0

72.4

70.0

Target standard value: 71.9

60.0
50.0
0

100

200
300
ＨＤＤ容量（ＧＢ）
HDD
Capacity (GB)

400

500

Annual Energy
Consumption (kWh/year)
年間消費電力（kWh/年）

Figure 9. Top Runner Value and Target Standard Value for Category h

130.0
120.0
110.0
100.0
90.0

91.6

80.0

Target standard value: 79.3

70.0
60.0
50.0
0

100

200
300
ＨＤＤ容量（ＧＢ）
HDD
Capacity (GB)

400

500

Figure 10. Top Runner Value and Target Standard Value for Category i23Attachment 5

Energy Consumption Efficiency of DVD Recorders and Method of Measurement
1. Basic Concept
In April last year, when DVD recorders were designated as items of equipment
covered by the Top Runner Standards, “annual energy consumption” was adopted as arealistic indicator of energy consumption efficiency. DVD recorders “having digitaltuners,” which are newly added to the target products of Top Runner Standards, arethought to be used in the same manner as those which have been already designated.
In addition, currently designated DVD recorders have been developed to achieve
the target standards in the target fiscal year based on the established measurement
method. If a different measurement method is introduced prior to the target fiscal
year for DVD recorders used in the same manner, comparison by annual energy
consumption becomes impractical; and the indicator cannot be a proper criterion forusers to select products for purchase.
2. Details of Energy Consumption Efficiency and the Measurement Method(1)

Definition of Energy Consumption Efficiency
Energy consumption efficiency is defined as annual energy consumption being
calculated according to the method described below, likewise specified in the“Evaluation Criteria for Manufacturers, etc. Regarding Improvement of the
Performance of DVD Recorders” developed in April last year.
As described in 1., a measurement method shall be fundamentally the same as thecurrent one, while taking into consideration the specific condition of products having
digital tuners (the use of digital tuner when recording).

(2)

Measurement Method of Energy Consumption Efficiency
The measurement method is as follows.

The underlined parts are the changes

from the current measurement method.
E = [{Pdon − (Pdon − Pdoff) × 0.2} × (t1 − tepg) + Phrec × t2 + Phpl × t3 + Pdvd × t4 + Pepg ×
tepg] / 100024

Wherein,E:annual energy consumption (kWh/year)

Pdon: standby power during display state (W)Pdoff: standby power during non-display power (W)Phrec: operational power when HDD recording (W)
Phpl: operational power when HDD playing (W)Pdvd: operational power when DVD operating (W)Pepg: power consumption at EPG (electronic program guide) acquisition (W)t1:annual standard standby time (7482.5) (h) (See Reference)t2:

annual standard HDD recording time (730) (h)t3:annual standard HDD playing time (365) (h)t4:annual standard DVD operating time (182.5) (h)tepg: annual standard EPG acquiring time (h) *varies depending on devices.
In the current measurement method, different methods are applied to DVD
recorders with HDD and to those with VCR only.

Since there is no DVD recorderhaving digital terrestrial tuner with VCR only, the measurement method shall be
specified only for the DVD recorders with HDD.
(a) Pdon: standby power during display state (W)The standby power during display state shall be power consumption
measured when a unit under test is turned off but able to be operated by aremote control (hereinafter referred to this state as “standby”).
(b) Pdoff: standby power during non-display state (W)The standby power during non-display state shall be standby power when
the display device is turned OFF.

If a unit cannot turn off its display function,

it shall be standby power during display state.
(c) Phrec: operational power when HDD recording (W)The operational power when HDD recording shall be power consumption
required to record received signals at UHF 27ch [in TS recording mode = (amode in which broadcasted transport-stream signals are directly recorded) by abuilt-in tuner for digital terrestrial broadcasting.
(d) Phpl: operational power when HDD playing (W)25The operational power when HDD playing shall be power consumption
when playing video image in usual mode, which is recorded in (c) above.
(e) Pdvd: operational power when DVD operating (W)The operational power when DVD operating shall be power consumption
when playing DVD at the location from 24mm to 27.4mm in its radius.
(f) Pepg: power consumption at EPG acquisition (W)The power consumption at EPG acquisition shall be operational power
when acquiring EPG data for digital broadcasting.
(3)

Conditions of Measurement
As noted in 1., measurement condition will be fundamentally the same as thecurrent one.

It shall be defined as follows, taking account of the particularconditions of DVD recorders with digital tuner.
(a) The acceptable variation of AC power supply shall be: voltage of 100(V) ± 2 (%),
and frequency of 50 or 60 (Hz) ±1 (Hz).
(b) If a display unit (such as clock display) has a bright/dark switching function, it
shall be set to a factory default.

In addition, the clock shall be set to “10:00”.

(c) Measurement shall take place only when power consumption of a unit under
test reaches an adequately stable condition.
(d) A wattmeter to be used for measuring power consumption shall be capable ofaveraging measurements, shall be capable of measuring a waveform with thepower peak factor up to 3, and shall be calibrated so that the accuracy falls
within 1%.
(e) A unit under test shall be connected as follows, and no other connections must
be made to the following items.

In addition, if there are any other terminals

available in the unit, they shall be unconnected.
i) To a television set
A video output terminal shall be D terminal (a video signal shall be acomponent signal).
An audio output terminal shall be RCA terminal (an audio signal shall be L
and R signals).
In this case, a connecting terminal shall be connected to a terminal of 1
given system only, and any of the others shall be unconnected.
ii) To a RF signal generator
An RF antenna input terminal shall be one for a terrestrial digital tuner.
26

In this case, if a unit has multiple RF antenna input terminals, theconnection shall be made to 1 given terminal only, and any of the others shallbe unconnected.
(f) EPG acquisition function shall be turned OFF (except when measuring Pepg).
If the function cannot be turned OFF, measurement shall take place while thefunction is inactive.
(g) Just clock function (automatic clock adjustment function) shall be turned OFF.
If the function cannot be turned OFF, measurement shall take place while thefunction is inactive.
(h) Other functions of the unit under test shall be set as follows.
i)

BS antenna power supply setting: OFFii)

BS antenna and terrestrial broadcasting antenna output setting: OFFiii)

Input switching: digital terrestrial tuner

iv)

Channel setting: UHF 27ch

v)

Timer record setting: unsetvi)

Signal detecting automatic recording function: OFFvii) HDD standby mode setting: factory defaultviii) Digital network terminal: OFF
ix)

Picture quality setting: factory defaultx)

Audio setting (input/output): factory default

xi)

Setting other than the above: factory default(i) Measurement shall take place, while any recording/playing media (DVD, CD(compact disk), VCR tape, etc.) not to be used in the measurement are notinserted.
(4)

RF antenna input signal
An input signal shall be digital terrestrial signal based on the following
conditions:
Broadcast system:

ISDB-T

Carrier frequency:

557+1/7 MHz <UHF 27ch>

Video signal:

color bar signals (75/0/75/0) of the JIS Standard (C6101-1)

Audio signal:

1 kHz MONO (modulation factor of PCM modulation shall be
the maximum modulation minus 18 dB.)

High frequency wave input signal level: − 49 dBm

27

(Reference)
Concept of Setting DVD Recorder Operating Time Based on the Survey of Actual Statusof the Usage(Excerpt from Final Report by TV sets and Video Cassette Recorders, etc.
Evaluation Standard Subcommittee)
Since DVD recorders are evaluated in terms of annual energy consumption including
annual operational energy as well as annual standby energy, we need to set operatingtime for every action, such as recording/playing.

In this section, we shall set the annual

standard operating time based on the survey result of actual status of the usage.
1. DVD Recorders with HDD Only
(1) Survey result on actual status of the usage(a) HDD recording time: 1.88 hours/day(b) HDD playing time: 1.20 hours/day(c) DVD playing time: 0.33 hour/day(d) DVD recording time: 0.05 hour/day(e) Dubbing time (HDD Ù DVD): 0.2 hour/day(2) The time listed in (1) above shall be rounded off in 0.5-hour uniti)

HDD recording time: 2.0 hours/dayii) HDD playing time: 1.0 hour/dayiii) DVD playing time: 0.5 hour/dayiv) DVD recording time: 0 hour/dayv) Dubbing time (HDD Ù DVD): 0 hour/day
DVD recorders with HDD only
Operating (Standby) Timeper Day(A)
HDD recording time
2.0 hours
HDD playing time
1.0 hour
DVD operating time
0.5 hourStandby time
20.5 hours

28

Annual Standard Operating(Standby) Time(A) × 365 days
730
365
182.5
7482.5

3. DVD Recorders with HDD and VCR
We could not obtain reliable data for those with HDD and VCR, because there are
only a few users at present.

However, taking into consideration that use of VCR is on adecline because of DVD and HDD functions and that use of VCR function is transient, it
can be assumed that actual status of the usage of DVD recorders with HDD and VCR will
not be significantly different from that of DVD recorders with HDD only.

Accordingly,

the same operating times as in 1. for DVD recorders with HDD only shall be also applied
to DVD recorders with HDD and VCR.
DVD Recorders with HDD and VCR
Operating Time per Day(A)
HDD recording time
2.0 hours
HDD playing Time
1.0 hour
DVD operating time
0.5 hourStandby Time
20.5 hours

29

Annual Standard Operating Time(A) × 365 days
730
365
182.5
7482.5

Attachment 6

DVD Recorders Evaluation Standard Subcommittee,
Energy Efficiency Evaluation Subcommittee ofthe Advisory Committee for Natural Resources and Energy
Background of Holding

1st subcommittee meeting (January 30th, 2007)▪

Opening of DVD Recorders Evaluation Standard Subcommittee▪

Current status of DVD recorders▪

Target scope of DVD recorders to which Top Runner Standards are added▪

Energy consumption efficiency of DVD recorders and its measurement method

2nd subcommittee meeting (March 29th, 2007)▪

Categorization of DVD recorders for setting target standards▪

Target standards and Target fiscal year for DVD recorders

3rd subcommittee meeting (April 18th, 2007)▪

Interim report

Interim report was open for public comments during the period from April 26, 2007 throughMay 28, 2007; however, no particular comment was received.
final report.

30

Thus, it was adopted as theAttachment 11

DVD Recorders Evaluation Standard Subcommittee,
Energy Efficiency Evaluation Subcommittee ofthe Advisory Committee for Natural Resources and Energy
List of Members
Chairman:
MITSUTOSHI HATORI, Professor in Department of Electrical, Electronic andCommunication Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Chuo University
Members:
HITOSHI AIDA, Professor in Graduate School of Frontier Science, The University of
Tokyo
HIROAKI IKEDA, Professor in Department of Urban Environment System, Faculty ofEngineering, Chiba University
KENICHI ITO, Senior Manager, Japan Consumers’ Association
KAZUO UENO, Vice Manager of Energy Technology Research Institute, National
Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology
AKIHIRO TSURUSAKI, Senior Researcher of Jyukankyo Research Institute Inc.
HIROYUKI TOKORO, Vice Chairman of AV Storage Network Program Committee,
Japan Electronics and Information Technology Industries Association
TOSHIHISA MASUDA, General Manger of Technical Department, The Energy
Conservation Center, JapanTAEKO YUINE, Executive Managing Director of Nippon Association of Consumer
Specialists

31

Reference material

Current Status of DVD Recorders
Contents
1. Overview of Commercial Product Group of DVD Recorders, etc.
2. Commercial Product Trends of DVD Recorders, etc.
3. Domestic Shipment Trends – Growth of DVD Recorders
4. Import/Export Statistics of Recording/Playing Devices andMajor Manufacturing & Sales Companies
5. Shipment Trends by Categories – Growth of Digital Tuner Models
6. Efforts for Reducing Energy Consumption
1１．Overview of Commercial Products Group of DVD Recorders, etc.
◆ Overview of Commercial Product Group DVD Recorders, etc.
RecordingMedia(1) DVD

Commercial Product Category by Combination ofRecording Media
Combination ofCommercial Product Name
Recording Media

Names in This Material
CollectiveName(3) VHS Tape
(4) Next
Generation
Optical Disk

Categories by Additional Functions

Individual Name

(1)

Simple DVD Recorder

DVD Recorder having neither VCR nor HDD
Game-capable DVD RecorderServer-capable DVD Recorder(1) + (2)DVD Recorder with Built-In HDD

DVD Recorders
with HDD onlyDVD
Recorder(2) HDD

Notes
DVD＝Digital Versatile DiscHDD＝Hard Disc Drive
VHS＝Video Home System
VCR＝Video Cassette Recorder

Other DVD
Recorders with
HDD only(1)+(2)+(3) DVD Recorder with Built-In VCR & HDD

DVD Recorder with HDD and VCR(1)+(3)DVD Recorder with Built-in VCR

DVD Recorder with VCR only

(2)(2)+[(1)](2)+(3)

Simple HDD Recorder
HDD Recorder with Built-in DVD Player
HDD Recorder with Built-in VCR

HDD Recorder(4)

Blue Ray Disk Recorder
HD DVD Recorder

Next Generation Optical Disk RecorderWith Analog Tuner only
With Digital Tuner
With Analog Tuner only
With Digital Tuner
With Analog Tuner only

Simple HDD Recorder
HDD Recorder with Built-in DVD Player
HDD Recorder with Built-in VCR・ Currently applied home-use recording media include DVD, HDD, VHS Tapes and Next Generation Optical Disks.
・ Depending on the combination of these media, various types of products are commercialized.
・ In this material, those having recording devices for DVD, those having recording device for HDD without DVD
recording function, and those having recording devices for a next generation optical disk system are designated as“DVD recorders,” “HDD recorders” and “Next generation optical disk recorders,” respectively.
・ Within each commercial product category, the other kinds of categories with names shown in the above table areavailable, depending on the combination of recording media.
・ In addition, sub-categories are created under the categories, such as “Game-capable,” “Server-capable,” “With2
analog tuner only,” and “With digital tuner.”

2. Commercial Products Trends of DVD Recorders, etc.
◆ Commercial Products Trends of DVD Recorders, etc.
・ Commercial video imaging devices are largely categorized into:(1) Television receiver: For watching video images,(2) Video recorder/player: For recording and playing video images (VCR and DVD recorders),(3) Video camera device: For filming video images
・ Recently, technological advances have enabled video recorders/players to be easily usable:(1) hard disk drives, which record magnetic changes on a magnetic disk in high density,(2) optical disk drives, which utilize laser beams to write information on specially resined disks
in high density (typical examples: compact disk (= CD), digital versatile disk (= DVD))・ With these technologies, video recorders/players storing video signals on a recordable DVD or HDD in
digital signal format has become the mainstream, replacing VCRs.
・ The main type is a DVD Recorder with Built-in HDD, which enables users to record, edit and temporarily
store video signals on a relatively large capacity HDD, and which enables users to enjoy by playing
desired parts only, by repeated playback, etc. Users can also enjoy the programs by dubbing them to a
DVD (from HDD) for long-time storage (“record by HDD and store in DVD”).
・ As for TV broadcasting, it has been decided to transition to digital terrestrial broadcasting in 2011.
・ Responding to this move, DVD recorders are drastically shifting from conventional models withanalogue tuners only to DVD Recorders with Digital Tuners.
・ In addition, while current DVD recording function provides standard image quality only, Next Generation
Optical Disk Recorders, which are capable of recording Hi-Vision signals, are emerging in the market
resulting from the development of next generation optical disks (Blue-ray Disk and HD DVD), along withthe availability of Hi-Vision programs by digital TV broadcasting and the market growth of flat-type HiVision TVs.

3

3. Domestic Shipment Trends – Growth of DVD Recorders
Changes in Shipment: VCRs, DVD Players, DVD Recorders◆◆2000年、DVDに映像信号をデジタルで記録する
In 2000, DVD recorders that digitally record
video
signals were first commercialized.
DVDレコーダが市場投入され急速に伸長、2004年にはExpanded
rapidly, their annual shipment
年間出荷台数がVTRを上回る。

Volume of Shipments (1000 units)

8000

exceeded that of VCR in 2004.

7000

6000

5000
VCR
4000

DVD Players
DVD Recorders

3000

2000

1000

0
1997

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

Reference: Domestic Shipments Statistics of Consumer Electronic Equipment, JEITA
Values for 2006 are estimates.

44. Import/Export Statistics of Recording/Playing Devices
and Major Manufacturing & Sales Companies◆ Import/Export Statistics of Recording/Playing Devices

・ Mostly, they are manufactured in company-owned overseas plants and supplied as OEM/ODM fromoverseas EMS.
Reference: Trade Statistics by Ministry of Finance Japan

Import/Export Statistics of Recording/Playing Devices
160,000

10,000
Exported volume
Imported volume
Exported value
Imported value

9,000
8,000

140,000

100,000

6,000

80,000

5,000
4,000

Value (mil. yen)

Volume (1000 units)

120,000
7,000

60,0003,000
40,0002,000
20,000

1,000
0

0
2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

◆ Major Domestic Manufacturing & Sales Companies
・ Sanyo Electric, Sharp, Sony, Toshiba, Victor Company of Japan, Pioneer, Hitachi, Funai Electric,
Matsushita Electric Industrial, Mitsubishi Electric, Samsung Japan, LG Electronics

55. Shipment Trends by Categories – Growth of Digital Tuner Models◆ Shipment Trends by Categories
Commercial Product Category by
Combination of Recording MediaDVD Recorder with Built-in
HDD

Shipments
Apr–Dec, FY 05
VolumeRatio(1000 units) (%)

Shipments
Apr–Dec, FY 06
VolumeRatio(1000 units) (%)

DVD Recorder having neither VCR nor HDD
Game-capable DVD RecorderServer-capable DVD Recorder
DVD

16
0
0

0.5%
0.0%
0.0%

0
0
0

0.0%
0.0%
0.0%

RecordersWith HDD only

With Analog Tuner Only

965

32.9%

302

12.7%

With Digital Tuner

641

21.8%

1,270

53.4%

With Analog Tuner Only
With Digital Tuner
With Analog Tuner Only

894
21
398
0

30.5%
0.7%
13.6%
0.0%

296
325
186
0

12.4%
13.7%
7.8%
0.0%

Name in This MaterialDVD
RecorderCategories byAdditional Functions

Individual
Name

Collective
Name

Simple DVD Recorder

Note: Data for FY 06 is taken from April to December.
To clearly see the trends, the period of data in FY 05 has
been matched

Other
DVD Recorders
With HDD only

DVD Recorder with Built-in
VCR & HDD

DVD Recorder with HDD and VCR

DVD Recorder with Built-in VCR

DVD Recorder with VCR only

Simple HDD Recorder
HDD Recorder with Built-in DVD Player
HDD Recorder with Built-in VCR

Simple HDD Recorder
HDD Recorder with Built-in DVD Player
HDD Recorder with Built-in VCR

HDD RecorderBlue Ray Disk Recorder
HD DVD Recorder

Next Generation Optical Disk Recorder

－

－

－

－

・ HDD integrated models account for the vast majority (92.2 % of total DVD recorder shipments
in April–December, 2006).
・ Shipment volume of the models without HDD is low (Simple DVD Recorders/ DVD Recorders with VHS).
・ DVD recorders with built-in VHS and HDD are in decline but still have persistent demand because
of self-owned and rental VHS software (7.8 % of total DVD recorder shipments in April–December, 2006)
・ As the transition to digital terrestrial broadcasting comes into clear view, models with digitaltuners are rapidly increasing （FY 2005 →2006： 22.5％→67.1％ of total DVD recorder shipments）.
・ However, there are no models with VCR only and equipped with digital tuners, which are unable
to store Hi-Vision video images.
・ Next generation optical disk recorders, which are capable of storing Hi-Vision video images on disk,
6
have just emerged in the market.

6. Efforts for Reducing Energy Consumption◆ Summary of Current Status

・ Basic configuration of circuit blocks in digital tuner models is equivalent to that in current models equippedwith analogue tuners only
→ It is assumable that the current concept for commercial product categories can be continued.
・ But, Hi-Vision broadcasting requires:a) Addition of a tuner for receiving digital broadcastingb) HD corresponding platform and digital network terminals for wide band signal processing
which will contribute to the increase of power consumption.
・ In addition, it is thought that wider range products, which are those with various interactive functions andthose with larger HDD capacity and functions to utilize it, will emerge from now on. That will become afactor to increase power consumption.

◆ Efforts for Energy Conservation

・ To minimize the influence from these factors that increase power consumption, the following issues need to beaddressed like the efforts previously made.
- Sort and Integration of Specifications of Mature Commercial Products
When a new commercial product is launched, consumer reaction is sometimes unpredictable. As the
products matures, it becomes clear whether the product specifications are acceptable or unacceptable
for the consumers; then, commercial products’ specifications are sorted, integrated or sometimes added.
- Elimination of Redundant Circuit by Mature Design
When a new commercial product is launched, redundancy in circuits is likely to arise because of theunavailability of optimum parts and the attempt to avoid new-circuit related risks. As the design
matures, it approaches the optimal by eliminating redundancy.
- Promotion of High Circuit Integration
When a new commercial products is launched, an optimized LSI is often unavailable for the circuit.
As the lifetime of the product becomes longer, optimal LSIs will be developed and higher circuit
integration will advances.
- Power Reduction of HDD
HDD power consumption will be reduced by optimizing the mechanism, reviewing the materials andoptimizing the circuit..
- Power Reduction of CPU and LSI
CPU and LSI power consumption will be reduced by optimizing CPU’s operating speed, reviewing
7
semiconductor processes and lowering the operating voltage.