Energy Efficiency Standards Subcommittee, Advisory Committee for Natural
Resources and Energy
Television Receiver Evaluation Standards Subcommittee
Final Report

The Television Receiver Evaluation Standards Subcommittee discussed
evaluation standards for manufacturers or importers (hereinafter referred to as“Manufacturers, etc.”) with respect to the improvement of television receiver
performance and released the following interim report:
1. Evaluation of existing standards
2008 was the target fiscal year for the energy consumption efficiency of
television receivers. It has remarkably improved thanks to the active efforts of
the Manufacturers, etc. Almost all the products currently in the market exceed
the target values. This led to a decision to review the standards earlier thaninitially planned. The ratio of those products sold on the market as ofDecember 2008 that meet the standards is 98.2% based on the number ofmodels.
In view of the above, it can be evaluated that energy saving in television
receivers has made progress through the efforts by the manufacturers, etc.
and that the existing standards based on the top runner approach are
effectively working.
2. Designated equipment [Refer to Attachment 1]
Included are television receivers (direct-view cathode-ray tube types ordirect-view types with liquid crystal or plasma display panels) that run onalternating-current circuits (with a rated frequency of 50 Hz or 60 Hz and a
rated voltage of 100 V). Excluded are televisions for industrial use, televisions
made specifically for tourists, CRT-based multi-scanning televisions withhorizontal frequency exceeding 33.8 kHz, rear-projection televisions, receiver
size 1 10, 10V or smaller televisions and wireless televisions.
* Major changes made to the designation
Changes were made in LCD televisions, from those having direct-view liquid crystal panels
that use fluorescent-tube backlights to those having direct-view liquid crystal panels. The
designation was expanded to include LCD televisions that use LED backlights, etc. In thecase of plasma televisions, televisions having plasma panels with vertical pixels of 1080 or
more and horizontal pixels of 1920 or more were added to the designation.
1

In this report, receiver size means the numeric value of the diagonal diameter of a frame
structured cathode-ray tube expressed in centimeters and divided by 2.54, and thenrounded to the nearest whole number, in the case of CRT televisions (hereinafter referred
to as “ type”).

1In liquid crystal TVs and plasma TVs, it means the numeric value of the diagonal
dimension of a drive display area expressed in centimeters and divided by 2.54,and thenrounded to the nearest whole number (hereinaafter referred to as “V” type).

3. Evaluation parameters for manufacturers, etc.
(1) Target fiscal year [Refer to Attachment 2]
The target fiscal year shall be 2012. However, the target fiscal year for
CRT televisions shall remain the same (each fiscal year starting at 2003).
(2) Target standard values [Refer to Attachments 3 and 4]
With respect to television receivers that each manufacturer, etc. ships
within Japan during the target fiscal year, the average of the energy
consumption efficiency measured in (3) weighted by the number of units
shipped by each manufacturer, etc. for each category in the table below
shall not exceed the target standard values.
 CRT televisions
Category

1
2

Scanning
methodNormalscanning

Aspectratio

Deflection
angle

Shape ofcathode-ray
tube

FunctionTargetstandard
value
calculation
formula4:3

100 degrees
or smaller

Excludingflat type

Without built-in VTR (or DVD)

E=2.5S+32

With built-in VTR (or DVD)

E=2.5S+60

Flat type

Without built-in VTR (or DVD)

E=2.5S+4234Over 100
degrees

5
6
7With built-in VTR (or DVD)

E=2.5S+70

Excludingflat type

Without built-in VTR (or DVD)

E=5.1S-4

With built-in VTR (or DVD)

E=5.1S+24

Flat type

Without built-in VTR (or DVD)

E=5.1S+21

With built-in VTR (or DVD)

E=5.1S+49

Excludingflat type

Without VTR (or DVD) and with noadded functions

E=5.1S-11

8
9

16:9
(Wide)

10

With built-in VTR (or DVD)

E=5.1S+17

11

Without VTR (or DVD) and with one
added function

E=5.1S+6

12

Without VTR (or DVD) and with two
added functions

E=5.1S+13

13

Without VTR (or DVD) and with three
added functions

E=5.1S+59

Without VTR (or DVD) and with noadded functions

E=5.1S-1

14

Flat type2

15

With built-in VTR (or DVD)

E=5.1S+27

16

Without VTR (or DVD) and with one
added function

E=5.1S+16

17

Without VTR (or DVD) and with two
added functions

E=5.1S+23

18

Without VTR (or DVD) and with three
added functions

E=5.1S+69

Analog high definition televisions

E=5.5S+72

Those other than analog highdefinition televisions

E=5.5S+41

Double-speed
scanning

19
20

Remarks 1. “VTR” means video tape recorder and “DVD” means digital versatile disc.
2. “Receiver size” means the numeric value of the diagonal diameter of a frame structured
cathode-ray tube expressed in centimeters and divided by 2.54, and then rounded to thenearest whole number.
3. A television is a “flat type” when the percentage of the maximum gap between the centerand edges of the CRT surface to the diagonal dimension of the CRT is 0.5% or smaller(provided that the edges and diagonal dimension are measured within 5 mm from theavailable picture area).
4. An “analog high definition television” means a CRT television with scanning lines of
1,125 and aspect ratio of 16:9, that has a MUSE decoder and satellite broadcasting
functions.
5. “Added functions” means the double-tuner split-screen function, teletext broadcasting
function and MUSE-NTSC converter.
6. “E” and “S” represent the following values:
E: Standard energy consumption efficiency (unit: kWh/year)
S: Receiver size

 LCD and plasma televisions
Category

Numberof pixels

Receiversize

Moving picture
display speed

1

FHD

Less
than
19V type

Normal2
3
4
5

Double-speed

Added function

Target standard value

With no added functions

E=59

With one added function

E=71

With two added functions

E=83

With three added functions

E=95

With no added functions

E=74

6

With one added function

E=86

7

With two added functions

E=98

8
9
10
11
12

19V type
or moreLess
thanNormalWith three added functions

E=110

With no added functions

E=2.0S+21

With one added function

E=2.0S+33

With two added functions

E=2.0S+45

With three added functions

E=2.0S+57

3

13

32V type

Double-speed

14With no added functions

E=2.0S+36

With one added function

E=2.0S+48

15

With two added functions

E=2.0S+60

16

With three added functions

E=2.0S+72

Quad-speed
or plasma
television

17
18
19
20
21

32V type
or more22

Normal23
24

With no added functions

E=2.0S+58

With one added function

E=2.0S+70

With two added functions

E=2.0S+82

With three added functions

E=2.0S+94

With no added functions

E=6.6S-126

With one added function

E=6.6S-114

With two added functions

E=6.6S-102

With three added functions

E=6.6S-90

With no added functions

E=6.6S-111

26

With one added function

E=6.6S-99

27

With two added functions

E=6.6S-87

With three added functions

E=6.6S-75

Double-speed

25

28
29

Quad-speed
or plasma
television

30
31
32
33
34
35

OthersLess
than
19V type

Normal36
37With no added functions

E=6.6S-89

With one added function

E=6.6S-77

With two added functions

E=6.6S-65

With three added functions

E=6.6S-53

With no added functions

E=44

With one added function

E=56With two added functions

E=68

With three added functions

E=80

With no added functions

E=59

38

With one added function

E=71

39

With two added functions

E=83

Double-speed

40
41
42
43
44
45
46

19V type
or moreLess
than
32V type

NormalDouble-speed

47
48
49

Quad-speed
or plasma
television

50
51
52
53
54

32V type
or moreNormal55
56
57

Double-speed

With three added functions

E=95

With no added functions

E=2.0S+6

With one added function

E=2.0S+18

With two added functions

E=2.0S+30

With three added functions

E=2.0S+42

With no added functions
With one added function

E=2.0S+21
E=2.0S+33

With two added functions
With three added functions

E=2.0S+45
E=2.0S+57

With no added functions

E=2.0S+43

With one added function

E=2.0S+55

With two added functions

E=2.0S+67

With three added functions

E=2.0S+79

With no added functions

E=6.6S-141

With one added function

E=6.6S-129

With two added functions

E=6.6S-117

With three added functions

E=6.6S-105

With no added functions

E=6.6S-126

58

With one added function

E=6.6S-114

59

With two added functions

E=6.6S-102

4

60
Quad-speed
or plasma
television

61
62
63
64

With three added functions

E=6.6S-90

With no added functions

E=6.6S-104

With one added function

E=6.6S-92

With two added functions

E=6.6S-80

With three added functions

E=6.6S-68

Remarks 1. “Receiver size” means the numeric value of the diagonal dimension of a drive display
area expressed in centimeters and divided by 2.54, and then rounded to the nearest
whole number.
2. “Added functions” means double digital tuner, DVD (limited to those with a recording
function), hard disk and Blu-ray disc.
3. “E” and “S” represent the following values:
E: Standard energy consumption efficiency (unit: kWh/year)
S: Receiver size
4. “FHD” means having vertical pixels of 1080 or more and horizontal pixels of 1920 ormore.
5. The moving picture display speeds of normal, double-speed and quad-speed mean thefollowing:
Normal:Displaying still pictures of 60 frames or more and fewer than 120 frames
per second

Double-speed: Displaying still pictures of 120 frames or more and fewer than 240
frames per second
Quad-speed:

Displaying still pictures of 240 frames or more per second

6. The target standard values shall be calculated using the formulas listed in the rightcolumn of the table and rounded to the nearest whole number.

5(3) Measurement method for energy consumption efficiency [Refer toAttachment 5]
Energy consumption efficiency [kWh/year] shall be calculated using
the following formula:
E={(PO-PA/4)×t1+PS×(t2-tepg)+PepgXtepg}/1000
where E, PO, PS, PA, t1, t2, Pepg and tepg mean as follows:
E:
PO:
PS:
PA:

Annual electric power consumption (kWh/year)
Operating power consumption (W)Standby power consumption (W)Power consumption reduction by power saving functions, etc. (W)Pepg: Power consumption at EPG2 data acquisition (W)t1:Standard operating hours per year (h) 1642.5 (365 days x
4.5 hours)t2:Standard standby hours per year (h) 7117.5 (365 days x
19.5 hours)
tepg: Annual standard hours of EPG acquisition operation (which
varies from equipment to equipment)* Major changes made to the measurement method
Power consumption at EPG data acquisition was added to the calculation of annual electric
power consumption. The signals for measuring operating power consumption for LCD andplasma televisions were also changed.

(4) Labeling related matters
Labeling related matters shall be in accordance with the Household
Goods Quality Labeling Law. Matters relating to energy saving are as
follows:
1) Labeling items
Items for labeling shall be as follows: CRT televisions
Labeling items shall be in accordance with the existing provisions.
 LCD and plasma televisionsa) Categoryb) Receiver size
2

EPG: Electronic Program Guide System by which to acquire program data and display it on atelevision screen

6c) Energy consumption efficiency (annual electric power
consumption)d) Name or title of manufacturers2) Compliance items
 CRT televisions
Compliance items shall be in accordance with the existing
provisions.
 LCD and plasma televisionsa) Energy consumption efficiency shall be expressed by a whole
number in the unit of kWh/year. In this case, the energy
consumption efficiency measured in (3) shall be no more than
105/100 of the labeled value of energy consumption efficiency.
b) The labeling items listed in (1)-b) and -c) shall be shown clearly inthe performance-related sections of catalogs and instruction
manuals in such a manner that consumers selecting equipment
can easily find and understand. Particularly, the item in (1)-c) shallbe presented so that it stands out, for instance by using
underlines and larger or different-color letters. With respect to theitem in (1)-a), efforts shall be made to indicate moving image
display speed and other classification-related information in
addition to category name, so that consumers can easily
understand.

4. Recommendation on energy saving(1) Efforts by manufacturers, etc.
1) Facilitate technological development for energy saving for television
receivers and try to develop products with excellent energy
consumption efficiency.
2) In order to promote television receivers with excellent energy
consumption efficiency, quickly adopt the “Energy Saving Labels” incompliance with the Japanese Industrial Standards C9901 in the
catalogs, etc. of the products that are newly designated. Also, try toprovide appropriate information so that users will choose television
receivers with excellent energy consumption efficiency.

73) Try to provide information that helps promote active use of energy
saving settings (automatic power off function after inactivity, etc.) by
users.
(2) Efforts by sellers
Try to sell television receivers with excellent energy consumption efficiency.
Also, use “Energy Saving Labels” and try to provide appropriate
information so that users will choose television receivers with excellent
energy consumption efficiency.
(3) Efforts by users
Try to select television receivers with excellent energy consumption
efficiency. When using television receivers, try to save energy by actively
using energy saving settings (automatic power off function after inactivity,etc.).
(4) Efforts by government1) In order to promote television receivers with excellent energy
consumption efficiency, try to utilize promotional campaigns and othernecessary measures to facilitate efforts by the users and manufacturers,
etc.
2) Periodically and continuously monitor labeling practice by the
manufacturers, etc. and try to apply appropriate laws so that the users
are provided with correct and easy-to-understand information regarding
energy consumption efficiency.
3) The energy saving standards based on the top runner approach arevery effective ways to save energy on equipment. Try to promote thisapproach to the world at the right opportunities.

8

Attachment 1

The scope of television receiver designation
Included are television receivers (direct-view cathode-ray tube types ordirect-view types with liquid crystal or plasma display panels) that run onalternating-current circuits (with a rated frequency of 50 Hz or 60 Hz and a rated
voltage of 100 V). The following shall be excluded from such application:
1. Televisions for industrial use
Equipment for broadcasting stations and similar special-purpose
industrial-use equipment are excluded, due to their restricted specifications,
small quantities, etc.
2. Televisions with extremely low usage in the market- Those made specifically for tourists (The number of units shipped in 2007:
Approximately 2,100 units)- CRT-based multi-scan type with horizontal frequency exceeding 33.8 kHz(The number of units shipped in 2007: 0 units)- Rear-projection type (The number of units shipped in 2007: 2,478 units)- Receiver size 10, 10V or smaller(The number of units shipped in 2007: 33,326 units)- Wireless type (The number of units shipped in 2007: 0 units)
In general, the numbers of these television models shipped are small or
non-existent, and consumer needs for these models are not always clear.
Consideration shall be given as necessary in the future when situations maychange and it is determined appropriate to include them.
Note 1) Included is a type of equipment that is sold as a monitor alone but can receive television
broadcasting simply by combining with a tuner of the same manufacturer.
Note 2) Excluded is a display for personal computers that can receive television broadcasting.

9

Attachment 2

Target fiscal year, etc. for television receivers

1. In general, the energy consumption efficiency of television receivers is
dramatically improved at the time of model changes, and a new model
development cycle is usually around two years. Therefore, it is necessary togive an opportunity to make at least two model changes before a target fiscal
year. 2011 is the year of full transition to terrestrial digital broadcasting.
Setting the target standard fiscal year to 2011 would likely disrupt productdevelopment, etc.
On the other hand, assuming that television receivers are used forapproximately 10 years, it is desirable to accomplish targets in the shortest
possible time frame.
In consideration of the above, the target fiscal year for LCD and plasma
televisions shall be set to the year 2012, which is three years after the
standards are set.
With respect to CRT televisions, which have already been included, theexisting target year (each fiscal year starting in 2003) shall apply.
2. The improvement rate of energy consumption efficiency (excluding CRT televisions) in the target fiscal year is expected to be approximately 37.0%, on theassumption that the number of shipments and the makeup of each category
remain the same (as actual results of fiscal year 2008).
<Calculation outline (for LCD and plasma televisions only)>(1) Energy consumption efficiency calculated based on the actual results of
television receivers shipped during fiscal year 2008
163.5 kWh/year(2) Energy consumption efficiency calculated based on the target standard
values of television receivers to be shipped during the target fiscal year
103.0 kWh/year(3) Improvement rate of energy consumption efficiency(163.5-103.0)
163.5

x 100 = Approximately 37.0 %10Attachment 3

Television receiver classification
I. Basic concept
Televisions with cathode-ray tubes (hereinafter referred to as “CRT
televisions”) were designated as the top runner standard equipment in fiscal
year 1999. Later, televisions with liquid crystal display panels (hereinafterreferred to as “LCD televisions”) and televisions with plasma display panels(hereinafter referred to as “plasma televisions”) were added to the designation.
Regarding liquid crystal TVs and plasma TVs, until now there was a large influence on the rate of energy consumption (annual amount of electric power
consumption) depending on the display elements, and they were being classified by the difference in the introduction of technology. This standard second
review is for televisions that are being designed with a large-scale improvement in the reduction of energy consumption, and to promote the further improvement of receiver energy conservation.
In order to facilitate the energy saving performance of receivers, rather thanseparating LCD televisions from plasma televisions, the moving picture display
speed was used as a basis of classification. Televisions receiving only analog
broadcasting or those with an aspect ratio of 4:3 shall not be classified due tothe significantly scaled-down market size.
The number of pixels largely affects energy consumption efficiency; therefore,
it shall be categorized into FHD (full high definition) and others.
For CRT televisions, whose shipment continues to be slim, the existingclassification shall be used.
II. Specific classification method
Television receivers are broadly classified into (1) CRT televisions, (2) LCD
televisions, and (3) plasma televisions, depending on the display device. For
CRT televisions, the existing classification shall apply, since its shipment
share hit below 10% in 2007. For LCD and plasma televisions, it is appropriate
to apply the same classification to both, since they share the same televisionviewing functions, even though they use fundamentally different technologies.
 Classification proposal(1) Televisions with cathode-ray tubes (CRT televisions)(2) Televisions with liquid crystal display panels (LCD televisions) andtelevisions with plasma display panels (plasma televisions)111. CRT televisions
The existing classification shall apply to CRT televisions.
2. LCD and plasma televisions(1) Classification by the number of pixels
It is necessary to increase the number of pixels in order to achieve both
high definition and a large screen at the same time in LCD and plasma
televisions. However, the increased number of pixels affects electric power
consumption. Typical panels are those having vertical pixels of fewer than
650 (hereinafter referred to as SD (standard definition)), 650 or more andfewer than 1080 (hereinafter referred to as HD (high definition)), and 1080
or more (hereinafter referred to as FHD (full high definition)). Since SD
panels are hardly shipped at present, classification shall be FHD andothers (mainly HD).
 Classification proposal(1) Vertical pixels of 1080 or more and horizontal pixels of 1920 or more
(2) Others(2) Classification by receiver size
The larger a television screen is, the higher its light-emitting power
consumption. There is a certain correlation between these two. In view ofthis, televisions shall be classified into (1) smaller than 19V, (2) 19V orlarger and smaller than 32V and (3) 32V or larger, by receiver size. This
classification uses the diagonal length of a screen as a screen size index
and takes into consideration a correlation between the receiver size andannual power consumption measured.
Receiver size means the numeric value of the diagonal dimension of adrive display area expressed in centimeters and divided by 2.54, and thenrounded to the nearest whole number. It is called V-type.
 Classification proposal(1) Smaller than 19V-type(2) 19V-type or larger and smaller than 32V-type(3) 32V-type or larger

12(3) Classification by moving picture display speed
The moving picture display speed of normal drive LCD televisions is 60
frames of still pictures per second. In recent years, double-speed drive
technology displaying 120 frames of still pictures per second andquad-speed drive technology displaying 240 frames of still pictures per
second have emerged to improve the moving picture performance of LCD
televisions. Such moving picture display speed is a function highly
demanded by the market and significantly affects energy consumption
efficiency. Therefore, it is included in the classification category.
Plasma televisions emit light differently from LCD televisions (by use of
extremely fast electric discharge) and excel in moving picture performance.
Thus, the same display speed classification as LCD televisions does not
apply.
When classifying plasma televisions into the display speed categories of
LCD televisions, plasma televisions shall be included in the quad-speed
category, considering that LCD televisions with double-speed andquad-speed are currently in the market and assuming that moving picture
performance is almost equal.
 Classification proposal(1) Normal drive (displaying 60 frames or more and fewer than 120
frames of still pictures per second)(2) Double-speed drive (displaying 120 frames or more and fewer than
240 frames of still pictures per second)(3) Quad-speed drive (displaying 240 frames or more of still pictures per
second) and plasma televisions(4) Classification by added functions
There are a variety of added functions for LCD and plasma televisions.
These added functions, when built in, affect energy consumption efficiency.
Classification without the inclusion of these functions would result in
discontinued production of equipment with added functions, which is highly
likely to cause extreme disturbance to various market needs. Therefore,
main added functions shall be included in the classification. In view of thepresent product makeup, etc., consideration shall only be given to main
added functions: (1) “double digital tuner” and (2) “recording devices (DVD,13

HDD and BD).” Of the “recording devices,” “DVD” and “BD” are almost
never loaded together; therefore a maximum of three added functions shallbe included in the classification.
* “recording devices” means “DVD (digital versatile disc),” “HDD (hard disk)” and “BD(Blu-ray disc).” Classification proposal(1) With no added functions(2) With one added function(3) With two added functions(4) With three added functions

III. Setting basic classification proposal
In view of the above, a basic classification proposal is set in the table below:
 CRT televisions (20 categories)
Category

Type of television receiver
Scanning
method123Normalscanning

Aspect ratio

Deflection
angle

4:3

100
degreesor smaller

Type of CRT

Function

NormalWithout built-in VTR (or DVD)
With built-in VTR (or DVD)
Without built-in VTR (or DVD)

Flat

4
5
6
7
8
9

With built-in VTR (or DVD)
Over 100
degrees

NormalFlat

16:9(Wide)

―

10
11

―
―

12

―

13

―

14

―

15
16

―

Normal

Flat―

Without built-in VTR (or DVD)
With built-in VTR (or DVD)
Without built-in VTR (or DVD)
With built-in VTR (or DVD)
Without VTR (or DVD) and with noadded functions
With built-in VTR (or DVD)
Without VTR (or DVD) and with one
added function
Without VTR (or DVD) and with two
added functions
Without VTR (or DVD) and with three
added functions
Without VTR (or DVD) and with noadded functions
With built-in VTR (or DVD)
Without VTR (or DVD) and with one
added function

14

17

―

Without VTR (or DVD) and with two
added functions
Without VTR (or DVD) and with three
added functions
Analog high definition television
Those other than analog highdefinition televisions

18
19
20

Double-speed
scanning――――

 LCD and plasma televisions (64 categories)
Category

Number of pixels

Receiver size

Moving picture
display speed

Added function

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33

FHD

Less than 19V type

NormalQuad-speed orplasmatelevision

With no added functions
With one added function
With two added functions
With three added functions
With no added functions
With one added function
With two added functions
With three added functions
With no added functions
With one added function
With two added functions
With three added functions
With no added functions
With one added function
With two added functions
With three added functions
With no added functions
With one added function
With two added functions
With three added functions
With no added functions
With one added function
With two added functions
With three added functions
With no added functions
With one added function
With two added functions
With three added functions
With no added functions
With one added function
With two added functions

NormalWith three added functions
With no added functions

Double-speed

19V type or more
Less than 32V type

NormalDouble-speed

Quad-speed orplasmatelevision
32V type or more

NormalDouble-speed

OthersLess than 19V type

34
35
36

With one added function
With two added functions
With three added functions

15

37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53

Double-speed

19V type or more
Less than 32V type

NormalDouble-speed

Quad-speed orplasmatelevision
32V type or more

Normal

54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64

Double-speed

Quad-speed orplasmatelevision

16

With no added functions
With one added function
With two added functions
With three added functions
With no added functions
With one added function
With two added functions
With three added functions
With no added functions
With one added function
With two added functions
With three added functions
With no added functions
With one added function
With two added functions
With three added functions
With no added functions
With one added function
With two added functions
With three added functions
With no added functions
With one added function
With two added functions
With three added functions
With no added functions
With one added function
With two added functions
With three added functions

Attachment 4

Target standard values for television receivers

I. Concept of setting target standard values
1. Basic concept
Target standard values are set based on the top runner approach. The
specific concept is stated below:(1) A target standard value shall be set for each appropriate category ofclassification.
(2) If efficiency is expected to improve as a result of future technologicaladvancement, the best efforts shall be made to include such improvement
in a target standard value.
(3) Target standard values shall be consistent from category to category.
2. Flow of target standard value setting
The annual electric power consumption of television receivers (those withcathode-ray tubes (hereinafter referred to as “CRT televisions”), those withliquid crystal display panels (hereinafter referred to as “LCD televisions”), andthose with plasma display panels (hereinafter referred to as “plasma
televisions”)) has traditionally been represented in a linear function formula(calculation formula) with receiver size as a variable. It is positively correlated
to receiver size. This is because if a model with low annual electric power
consumption is simply used as a top runner standard, models with larger
receiver size will no longer be manufactured, which will highly likely cause
extreme disturbance to various market needs. The same shall apply to thisreview, and target standard values (annual electric power consumption) shallcontinue to be represented in a linear function formula (calculation formula)with receiver size as a variable (excluding LCD televisions that are smaller
than 19V).
A calculation formula shall be set up as follows:17

Receiver size is defined as follows: CRT televisions:
The numeric value of the diagonal diameter of a frame structured cathode-ray
tube expressed in centimeters and divided by 2.54, and then rounded to thenearest whole number.
 LCD and plasma televisions
The numeric value of the diagonal diameter of a drive display area expressedin centimeters and divided by 2.54, and then rounded to the nearest whole
number. They are called V-type.
(1) CRT televisions
CRT televisions were designated as the top runner standard equipment infiscal year 1999. Faced with the rapid arrival of new televisions withdifferent display elements such as LCD and plasma televisions, theshipment of CRT televisions has drastically declined in recent years. With
each manufacturer’s attention focused on developing technologies for
LCD and plasma televisions, there is little prospect for improving theefficiency of CRT televisions, which have no room for future technologicaladvancement.
In view of the above, the target standard values for CRT televisions shallstay the same.
(2) LCD and plasma televisions
Under the existing standards, correlation equations are formulated
separately for LCD and plasma televisions. The present top runners are
LCD televisions in all receiver sizes (Fig. 1). However, it is necessary to
set top runner standards from the entire group of television receivers, inorder to further improve energy consumption efficiency in the future.
In this review, with respect to the top runner LCD televisions, the slope ofa correlation between receiver size and annual electric power
consumption is obtained for each pixel category. However, as receiver
size increases, products with higher-resolution and faster moving picture
display speed dominate, resulting in largely biased sample data takenfrom each pixel category. In order to obtain an effective slope, a sample istaken from the HD/normal drive category, which is dominant in smaller
than 32V models, and the FHD/double-speed drive category, which is18

dominant in 32V or larger models (Fig. 2).
With respect to room for technological improvement, smaller TV sizemeans less room to cut electric power consumption. If top runner
improvement is factored into the standard while using the same slope,such a standard will be excessively stringent to small size televisions. To
cope with this, an adjustment is made by making the slope smaller andthus making the standard tougher for large size televisions. With respect
to room for technological improvement, the highest level of improvement
shall be sought in 32V televisions, which had the largest shipment share(Fig. 3) and largest total electric power consumption (Fig. 4) in fiscal year
2008. Based on this, efforts shall be made to further improve the energy
consumption efficiency of television receivers, which have alreadyachieved remarkable performance improvement.
3. Room to improve energy consumption efficiency through future technologicaladvancement
LCD and plasma televisions are products that have been largely successful
regarding the development of technologies to improve energy consumption
efficiency for the past few years, with varying results among manufacturers,
etc. Though it will not be easy to maintain the same rate of success in
improving energy consumption efficiency, there still is room for improvement
as seen in the commercialization of a LED backlight product.
In this review, a large room for improvement shall be factored into target
standard values mainly for models with a large shipment share or similar sizemodels. Specifically, the target standard value for 19V models shall be set to
the top runner value plus an improvement of approximately 6%, while thestandard for models smaller than 19V is set to a specific value instead of aequation. The standard shall be further tightened for 32V models by setting
the target value to the top runner value plus an improvement of approximately
30% (Fig. 5 and Fig. 12).
In the correlation equation based on the current product tendency, slopes of
2.5 and 6.8 are obtained for models smaller than 32V and 32V or larger
models, respectively. In consideration of smaller screens and the dominanceof 32V models, the slopes are set to 2.0 for models smaller than 32V and 6.6
for 32V or larger models.

19

4. Handling of categories with no or little equipment
LCD and plasma televisions shall be classified by the number of pixels,
moving picture display speed, and the number of added functions. Many ofthese classification categories consist of few or no products, for whichappropriate standards cannot be set. On the other hand, it is possible that
more products may be added to these categories in the future with anincrease of value-added televisions. Therefore, when setting the target
standard values for these categories, the differences in annual electric power
consumption between functions shall be determined and taken into account in
the target value calculation.
With respect to additional values for HD and FHD, both categories had
multiple products as shown in Table 1. When comparing comparable 32V and
37V models, the difference between the top runners was 22 - 24 kWh/year.
Factoring an efficiency improvement of 30% into this difference, it will beapproximately 15 - 17 kWh/year.
Table 1: An example of annual electric power consumption increase due to thedifference between HD and FHD
Receiversize

Annual electric
power
consumption

Display speed

Number of
pixelsDifference

32
32

101
125

NormalNormal

HD
FHD

24

37
37

147
169

Double-speed
Double-speed

HD
FHD

22

With respect to the difference between double-speed and quad-speed drives,
there are no comparable identical models. Therefore, the difference wasobtained separately using data provided by the manufacturer. With thepresent technology, switching from a normal drive to a double-speed drive
resulted in an increase of approximately 22 kWh/year. The difference between
double-speed and quad-speed was approximately 32 kWh/year. Factoring anefficiency improvement of 30% into these functions, the result is +15
kWh/year for double-speed and +22 kWh/year for quad-speed.
Under the existing standards, the additional value set for built-in HDD, built-in
DVD, and built-in double digital tuner is also +15 kWh/year. This additional

20

value was set to further tighten the standards in order to facilitate energy
saving in the past, when an increase of 18 - 20 kWh was confirmed for built-in
HDD and built-in DVD and an increase of 30 - 43 kWh was confirmed forbuilt-in double digital tuner. Presently, the electric power consumption of thesefunctions including built-in BD is around 15 kWh/year, according to the
manufacturers’ calculations. In this review, the additional value shall be set to+ 12 kWh/year for each added function in order to further facilitate energy
saving.
Table 2 lists the additional value for each function.
Table 2. Additional value for each function
Function

Annual electric power
consumption to be added

From HD to FHD+15 kWh/year

From normal drive todouble-speed drive+15 kWh/year

From double-speed drive toquad-speed drive+22 kWh/year

For each added function+12 kWh/year

As a result of setting target standard values, using additional values
determined for each function, the target standard values of annual power
consumption turned out to be even smaller than the top runner values in all
categories, as shown in Fig. 5 through Fig. 17.
II. Specific target standard values(1) CRT televisions
As stated earlier, the standard values shall stay the same.
(2) LCD and plasma televisions
For each function category, the top runner value was calculated using theadditional value stated above.
The resulting target standard values for LCD and plasma televisions are as
follows:
Table 3. Target standard values for LCD and plasma televisions

21

Category

Numberof pixels

Receiversize

Moving picture
display speed

Added function

Target standard value

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15

FHD

Less than
19V type

NormalWith no added functions
With one added function
With two added functions
With three added functions
With no added functions
With one added function
With two added functions

E=59
E=71
E=83
E=95
E=74
E=86
E=98

With three added functions
With no added functions
With one added function
With two added functions
With three added functions
With no added functions
With one added function
With two added functions

E=110
E=2.0S+21
E=2.0S+33
E=2.0S+45
E=2.0S+57
E=2.0S+36
E=2.0S+48
E=2.0S+60

With three added functions
With no added functions
With one added function
With two added functions

E=2.0S+72
E=2.0S+58
E=2.0S+70
E=2.0S+82

With three added functions
With no added functions
With one added function
With two added functions
With three added functions
With no added functions
With one added function
With two added functions
With three added functions
With no added functions
With one added function
With two added functions
With three added functions
With no added functions
With one added function
With two added functions
With three added functions
With no added functions
With one added function
With two added functions
With three added functions
With no added functions
With one added function
With two added functions
With three added functions
With no added functions

E=2.0S+94
E=6.6S-126
E=6.6S-114
E=6.6S-102
E=6.6S-90
E=6.6S-111
E=6.6S-99
E=6.6S-87
E=6.6S-75
E=6.6S-89
E=6.6S-77
E=6.6S-65
E=6.6S-53
E=44
E=56
E=68
E=80
E=59
E=71
E=83
E=95
E=2.0S+6
E=2.0S+18
E=2.0S+30
E=2.0S+42
E=2.0S+21

With one added function

E=2.0S+33

16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46

Double-speed

19V type
or moreLess than
32V type

NormalDouble-speed

Quad-speed
or plasma
television
32V type
or moreNormalDouble-speed

Quad-speed
or plasma
television
OthersLess than
19V type

NormalDouble-speed

19V type
or moreLess than
32V type

NormalDouble-speed

22

47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63

Quad-speed
or plasma
television
Normal32V type
or moreDouble-speed

Quad-speed
or plasma
television

64

With two added functions
With three added functions
With no added functions
With one added function
With two added functions
With three added functions
With no added functions
With one added function
With two added functions
With three added functions
With no added functions
With one added function
With two added functions
With three added functions
With no added functions
With one added function
With two added functions

E=2.0S+45
E=2.0S+57
E=2.0S+43
E=2.0S+55
E=2.0S+67
E=2.0S+79
E=6.6S-141
E=6.6S-129
E=6.6S-117
E=6.6S-105
E=6.6S-126
E=6.6S-114
E=6.6S-102
E=6.6S-90
E=6.6S-104
E=6.6S-92
E=6.6S-80

With three added functions

E=6.6S-68

Remarks 1. “Receiver size” means the numeric value of the diagonal dimension of a drive
display area expressed in centimeters and divided by 2.54, and then rounded to thenearest whole number.
2. “Added functions” means double digital tuner, DVD (limited to those with arecording function), hard disk and Blu-ray disc.
3. “E” and “S” represent the following values:
E: Standard energy consumption efficiency (unit: kWh/year)
S: Receiver size
4. “FHD” means having vertical pixels of 1080 or more and horizontal pixels of 1920or more.
5. The moving image display speeds of normal, double-speed and quad-speed are
as follows:
Normal:Displaying still pictures of 60 frames or more and fewer than
120 frames per second

Double-speed: Displaying still pictures of 120 frames or more and fewer than
240 frames per second
Quad-speed: Displaying still pictures of 240 frames or more per second
6. The target standard values are calculated using the formulas listed in the rightcolumn of the table and rounded to the nearest whole number.

23

(Reference)
1. Correlation between receiver size and annual electric power consumption(1) Annual electric power consumption of LCD and plasma televisions(kWh/year)◆ LCD HD
◇ LCD FHD
■ Plasma HD□ Plasma FHD(V type)Fig. 1 Receiver size - Annual electric power consumption (overall) [as of October 2008]

2. Target standard value calculation formula(1) Calculation of the slope of top runner products(kWh/year)◆LCD HD (normal)◇LCD FHD (double - speed)(V type)Fig. 2 Receiver size - Annual electric power consumption (calculation of the slope of top
runner values)24(2) Share by receiver size

Fig. 3 Shipment share by receiver size [fiscal year 2008]

Fig. 4 Annual electric power consumption share by receiver size [fiscal year 2008]25

(3) Distribution of products in each function category and top runner standards(kWh/year)

19V or smaller size models have less room to cut
consumption and therefore are given an improvement of only around 6% and a smaller slope (from2.5 to 2.0), while share-dominating 32V models are
given an improvement of 30%.

101
70
47
44

(V type)Fig. 5 Receiver size - Target standard value (HD/normal/no added functions)(kWh/year)

Fig. 6 Receiver size - Target standard value (HD/double-speed/no added functions)26(V type)(kWh/year)(V type)Fig. 7 Receiver size - Target standard value (HD/quad-speed/no added functions)(kWh/year)

Fig. 8 Receiver size - Target standard value (HD/quad-speed/1 added function)

27(V type)(kWh/year)

Fig. 9 Receiver size - Target standard value (HD/quad-speed/2 added functions)(V type)(kWh/year)

Fig. 10 Receiver size - Target standard value (FHD/normal/no added functions)28(V type)(kWh/year)

Fig. 11 Receiver size - Target standard value (FHD/normal/2 added functions)(V type)(kWh/year)

As in the case of HD/normal, improvement
is facilitated on 32V models with 30% improvement and a smaller slope (from 6.8 to
6.6).

143
100

Fig. 12 Receiver size - Target standard value (FHD/double-speed/no added functions)29(V type)(kWh/year)

Fig. 13 Receiver size - Target standard value (FHD/double-speed/1 added function)(V type)(kWh/year)

Fig. 14 Receiver size - Target standard value (FHD/double-speed/2 added functions)30(V type)(kWh/year)

Fig. 15 Receiver size - Target standard value (FHD/quad-speed/no added functions)(V type)(kWh/year)

Fig. 16 Receiver size - Target standard value (HD/quad-speed/1 added function)

31(V type)(kWh/year)

Fig. 17 Receiver size - Target standard value (HD/quad-speed/2 added functions)32(V type)Attachment 5

Measurement method for energy consumption efficiency of television receivers

1. Basic concept
In 1998, when television receivers were designated as the top runner standard
equipment, “annual electric power consumption” was employed as a realistic
indicator for energy consumption efficiency.
It is appropriate to continue to employ this indicator for energy consumption
efficiency of television receivers, since there is no particular technical problem
and it is easy to understand.
With respect to measurement methods, there is no particular problem in using theexisting methods for CRT televisions. For LCD and plasma televisions, however,revisions shall be made in this review to the measurement methods that will
better suit actual use.

2. Specific measurement methods for energy consumption efficiency
The energy consumption efficiency of a television receiver shall be “annual
electric power consumption” [kWh/year] calculated in the following formula:
E={(PO-PA/4)×t1+PS×(t2―tepg)+PepgXtepg}/1000
where E, PO, PS, PA, t1, t2, Pepg and tepg mean as follows:
E: Annual electric power consumption (kWh/year)
PO: Operating power consumption (W)Ps: Standby power consumption (W)PA: Power consumption reduction by power saving functions, etc. (W)Pepg: Electric power at EPG data acquisition (W)t1: Standard operating hours per year (h) 1642.5 (365 days x 4.5 hours) *33

t2: Standard standby hours per year (h) 7117.5 (365 days x 19.5 hours) *tepg: Annual standard hours of EPG acquisition operation (which varies fromequipment to equipment)* t1 (annual standard operating hours) and t2 (annual standard standby hours) shall remain
the same as before, since there is no significant change in television usage.

(1) PO: Operating power consumption (unit: watt)1) The operating power consumption of CRT televisions shall be theaverage of the electric power at the flat level white signal (Pw) and theelectric power at the flat level black signal (Pb).
In the case of CRT televisions, Po = (Pw + Pb) / 2
2) The operating power consumption of LCD and plasma televisions shallbe the electric power during moving picture signal as stipulated in
IEC62087 Ed.2.0. The moving picture signal consists of continuous
10-minute signals. 10-minute integral power (PM) shall be measured
using a watt-hour meter and power consumption per unit hour shall becalculated.(*)
In the case of LCD and plasma televisions, Po = 6PM.
Measurement shall be taken with the energy saving functions turned off.
In the case of models whose power consumption varies depending on
input signals (baseband signal input, terrestrial wave band signal input,
satellite broadcast wave band signal input, etc.), power consumption
shall be measured for each input signal and the average of the largest
and smallest of such measurements shall be used as the operating
power consumption.
PO=(POMax+POMin)/2

34

*The characteristics of operating power consumption of LCD and plasma
televisions are different from those of CRT televisions. Using the averagevalue of power consumption at flat level white signals and at flat level black
signals, the measured operating power consumption tends to be smaller thanactual usage.
Because of this, at the time of the previous revisions, the average of the values atcolor bar signals and three-vertical-bar signals was added for the measurement of
LCD and plasma televisions, in order to obtain measured results that are closer toactual use, while utilizing signals generally used in product design. In this report,
however, measurement shall be taken by use of the moving picture signals
representing actual broadcast signals created by IEC.

(2) PS: Standby power consumption (unit: watt)
Standby power consumption is the average value of the power
consumption when the power is turned off by the main power swich(PS1) and the power consumption when the power is turned off by theremote controller while the main power is on (PS2). If a power switch ison either the main power or remote control, however, standby power
consumption shall be the power consumption when the power switch isturned off.
PS=(PS1+PS2)/2(3) PA: Power consumption reduction by energy saving functions (unit: watt)
The power consumption reduction by energy saving functions of CRT
televisions shall be measured using color bar signals as video signals. The
power consumption reduction by energy saving functions of LCD andplasma televisions shall be measured using moving picture signals asvideo signals. The larger of value either PA1 or PA2 shall be used.
The larger of value either PA1 or PA2 shall be used.
1) PA1: Power consumption reduction by the Automatic Brightness Control
Feature is the value obtained by deducting the power consumption
measured at the ambient lighting of 0 lux (PA1Min) from the smaller (PA1MaX)of the power consumption measured at the ambient lighting of at least
300 lux or the power consumption when the energy saving function isturned off.

35

PA1=PA1Max–PA1Min
2) PA2: Power consumption reduction by an energy saving switch (unit:
watt)
Power consumption reduction by an energy saving switch is the value
obtained by deducting the power consumption when the energy saving
switch is turned on (PA2Min) from the power consumption when theenergy saving switch is turned off (PA2MaX).
PA2=PA2Max–PA2Min(4) Pepg: Power consumption at EPG data acquisition (unit: watt)
Power consumption at EPG data acquisition is the power consumption
when a digital broadcasting EPG is being acquired.
(5) Measurement conditions
The power consumption measurements (1) through (4) shall be conductedunder the conditions specified in 3.1 “General Conditions” of the JapaneseIndustrial Standards C6101-1 (1998), except for the following:1) The contrast adjustment for CRT televisions shall be made so thatpower consumption reaches the maximum level when receiving flatlevel white signals in the case of measurements (1) and (2), and in thecase of (3), the contrast shall be adjusted to the factory default setting.
The brightness shall be adjusted to the factory default setting.
The contrast, brightness and backlight for LCD televisions and thecontrast and brightness for plasma televisions shall be adjusted to thefactory default setting.
However, for models that display a menu of these picture quality
options when the power is first turned on and thus enable the user toselect standard modes, standard modes (modes recommended by the
manufacturer for normal home use) shall be selected.
2) The audio output for televisions shall be set so that it reaches 50 mW at
audio signal 1 kHz as specified in 4.2.1 “Test Methods” of the JapaneseIndustrial Standards C6101-1 (1988).
3) BS antenna power or added functions with on/off options shall be turned
off.

36

4) Measurement shall be taken when receivers are in a sufficiently stablecondition, including when measurement signals are being switched andduring standby.
(6) Input signals
Input signals for the power consumption measurements (1) through (4)shall be as follows:
1) Measurement by (analog or digital) terrestrial wave band signal or(analog or digital) baseband signal input
a. Video signals used in the measurement of CRT televisions shall beflat level white signals, flat level black signals and color bar signals(75/0/75/0) specified in 3.2.1 “Test Video Signals” of the JapaneseIndustrial Standards C6101-1 (1998).
Video signals used in the measurement of LCD and plasma
televisions shall be IEC 62087:2008 video content_DVD_60 or IEC
62087:2008 video content_BD specified in IEC62087 Ed.2.0.
(Moving picture signal for vertical frequency of 60 Hz)* Of the three types of signals specified in these DVD and BD, that is,
static video content (11.5), broadcast contents (11.6) and internet
contents (11.7), broadcast contents (11.6) shall be used.
b. Audio signals shall be 1 kHz sinusoidal signals.
* 1 kHz sinusoidal signals reproduced by the broadcast contents(11.6) of IEC 62087:2008 video content_DVD_60 or IEC 62087:2008
video content_BD specified in IEC62087 Ed.2.0 may be used foraudio signals.
c. For (analog) terrestrial wave band input signals, the high frequency
television signals in 3.3 of the Japanese Industrial Standards
C6101-1 (1998) shall be used. The input signal level shall be - 39 dB(mW).
d. For (digital) terrestrial wave band input signals, signals in compliancewith the standard transmission systems for digital broadcasting andhigh-definition television broadcasting employed by broadcastingstations shall be used. The input signal level shall be - 49 dB (mW).
2) Measurement by (analog or digital) satellite broadcasting wave band37

signal input
a. Video signals used in the measurement of CRT televisions shall beflat level white signals, flat level black signals and color bar signals(75/0/75/0) specified in 3.2.1 “Test Video Signals” of the JapaneseIndustrial Standards C6101-1 (1998).
Video signals used in the measurement of LCD and plasma
televisions shall be IEC 62087:2008 video content_DVD_60 or IEC
62087:2008 video content_BD specified in IEC62087 Ed.2.0.
(Moving picture signal for vertical frequency of 60 Hz)* Of the three types of signals specified in these DVD and BD, that is,
static video content (11.5), broadcast contents (11.6) and internet
contents (11.7), broadcast contents (11.6) shall be used.
b. Audio signals shall be 1 kHz sinusoidal signals, and the modulation
factor for PCM modulation shall be the maximum modulation of - 18
dB (mW).
* 1 kHz sinusoidal signals reproduced by the broadcast contents(11.6) of IEC 62087:2008 video content_DVD_60 or IEC 62087:2008
video content_BD specified in IEC62087 Ed.2.0 may be used foraudio signals.

c. For analog input signals, signals converted into a first intermediate
frequency band in compliance with the standard transmission
systems for standard television broadcasting and high-definition
television broadcasting employed by satellite broadcasting stations
shall be used. The input signal level shall be - 45 dB (mW).
d. For digital input signals, signals converted into a first intermediate
frequency band in compliance with the standard transmission
systems for standard television broadcasting, high-definition
television broadcasting, ultrashort wave broadcasting and digital databroadcasting employed by satellite broadcasting stations at thefrequency band of 11.7 GHz - 12.2 GHz shall be used. The input
signal level shall be - 45 dB (mW).

38

Attachment 6

Energy Efficiency Standards Subcommittee, Advisory Committee for Natural
Resources and Energy
List of the Television Receiver Evaluation Standards Subcommittee members

Chairman Mitsutoshi Hatori, Professor Emeritus of The University of Tokyo
Members

Hitoshi Aida, Professor of Integrated Information Science,
Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Systems,
Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo

Hiroaki Ikeda, Professor Emeritus of Chiba University
Kenichi Ito, Senior Manager of Japan Consumers’ Association
Hirotoshi Uehara, Chief of PDP Television Business Unit, Image
Display/Device Business Group, AVC Networks Company,
Panasonic Corporation
Hiroyuki Kudo, General Manager of Technology Division, Energy
Conservation Center, Japan
Kikuko Tatsumi, Executive Board Member and Chairman ofEnvironment Committee, Nippon Association of Consumer
Specialists
Takahiro Tsurusaki, Executive Researcher, Jukankyo ResearchInstitute Inc.
Satoshi Hirano, Group Leader, Thermal and Fluid System Group,

39Energy Technology Research Institute, National Institute ofAdvanced Industrial Science and Technology(in Japanese alphabetical order)

40

Attachment 7

Energy Efficiency Standards Subcommittee, Advisory Committee for Natural
Resources and Energy
Television Receiver Evaluation Standards Subcommittee
Meeting history

1st Subcommittee meeting (November 11, 2008)- Making the Television Receiver Evaluation Standards Subcommittee open to
the public- The current status of television receivers- The scope of television receiver designation

2nd Subcommittee meeting (April 30, 2009)- Energy consumption efficiency of television receivers and measurement
methods- Classification, target standard values and target fiscal years of television
receivers

3rd Subcommittee meeting (June 2, 2009)- Interim report41