Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Montréal, Quebec, Canada
April 22–27, 2006

Conference ProgramConference at a GlanceSUN

517 AB

517 C

511 ABDE

516 C

516 AB

510 ABCD

516 DE

511 CF

Experience Reports
Usability
Evaluations:
Challenges &Solutions

Networking Gathering Palais des Congrès, Level 2 Foyer, 17:30 – 21:30
Course 1. HCI: Introduction and Overview - Room 514 ABC. 18:00 - 21:00

MONDAY

8:30
10:30

Opening Plenary Session: Scott Cook, Intuit: Creating ‘Game Changing’ Innovation - Room: 517ABC
CHI Madness - Room: 517ABC
Panel
Usability fromthe CIO’s Perspective

PapersNavigation

PapersMobile Surfing& Effects of
Wearables

PapersGames

PapersPrivacy 1

Interactivity
Listen!: Voice
Interfaces

PanelManaging International
User Research

PapersParticipatory Design

PapersInteraction
Techniques:
Haptic & Gestural

PapersActivity& Usability:
Design Implications

PapersSocialComputing 1

Interactivity
PDAs, Space
Invaders, &Chickens: Mobility &Collaboration

Research Overview
Large Display Research

PapersEnd User
Programming

Papers
Personal
Information
Management

PapersMultidisplay
Environments

PapersManaging
Voice Input

alt.chi
Design is Fun& People are Great

Experience Reports
DesignRepresentations

8:30 CHI Madness - Room: 517AB

TUESDAY

9:00 Plenary Panel: Expert Design Critique: XBOX 360 - Room: 517AB
10:30
Panel
Putting Personas
to Work

Panel
Institutionalizing
HCI: What Do
I-Schools Offer?

PapersInteraction Methods

PapersUnderstanding
Programs &Interfaces

PapersGames &
Performances

PapersDesigning for
TangibleInteractions

SIG
Mobile iTV

Experience Reports
End to End
DesignPanelManaging Deviant
Behavior in
OnlineCommunities

Panel
Building User Value
into the Business
Case

PapersText Input

PapersVisualization &SearchPapersInformation
Handling

PapersDesign:Creative & Historical
Perspectives

Interactivity
Meet the Artists:
Music, Dance,& Painting

Experience Reports
Real-World
Design Solutions

Panel
Service Innovation& Design

Panel
Agile
Development:
Opportunity or Fad?

PapersAutomatic
Generation &Usability

PapersSecurity

PapersMedia

alt.chiIt's a Small World
After All

Experience Reports
Usability in
the Wild

8:30 CHI Madness - Room: 517AB

WEDNESDAY

9:00
10:30 Plenary Panel: Add a Dash of Interface: Taking Mash-Ups to the Next Level - Room 517AB
Panel
Why Do Tagging
Systems Work?

Panel
Integrating Socially
Relevant Projects
into HCI Teaching

PapersUbiquitous
Computing

PapersSearch &Navigation: Mobiles& Audio

Student Design
Competition:
Final RoundPapersPapersUsing Knowledge to Collecting & Editing
Predict & Manage
PhotosExperience Reports
Managing Design

Panel
Does Think AloudWork?
How Do We Know?

Panel
DesignCommunication:
How Do You Get
Your Point Across?

PapersPrivacy 2

PapersPen

PapersEveryday Use of
MobilesInteractivity
Touch Me:
Haptics & Clothes

PapersVisualization 1

HCI Overviews
HCI Overviews 1

Panel
The Route to the
Sea for User Value

Research Overview
End-User
Programming

PapersAwareness &Presence

PapersHealthcare

PapersOnlineCommunities

PapersVisualization 2

SIG
The CHI
Design Community

HCI Overviews
HCI Overviews 2

8:30 CHI Madness - Room: 517AB

THURSDAY

9:00
10:30

11:30
13:00

14:30
16:00

Panel
HCI Engineeringfor Disasters,
Driving, andDistributed Work

PapersNovel Methods:
Emotions,
Gestures, EventsPanel
The State of
Tangible Interfaces:
Projects, Studies, &Open Issues

PapersBeliefs & AffectPanel“It’s About theInformation,
Stupid!”PapersSocial Computing 3

PapersPapersSocial Computing 2 Selecting & Tracking

PapersUsability Methods

Papers
Menus

PapersGestures &Visualizations

alt.chi
Loving Me
Loving You

PapersInteracting with
Large Surfaces

PapersComputer-MediatedCommunication

16:30
Closing Plenary Session: Digital Comics: An Art Form in Transition, Scott McCloud - Room: 517ABC
18:00

Experience Reports
Creative User
Experience Methods
PapersDisabilities

Experience Reports
User-Centered
Design for Learning& Education
Experience Reports
Mobile Design
Experiences

Conference at a Glance
515 C

513 CD

513 EF

514 ABC

513 AB

SIG
International
Usability Evaluation:
Issues & Strategies

Course 2
An Introduction to
Designing for
the Scent ofInformation

Course 5
Web Bloopers:
Avoiding
Common Web
Design Mistakes

Course 7
Top 10 Field
Interview Mistakes:
Recognizing &Preventing Them

Course 9
Faceted Metadata
for Information
Architecture &SearchSIG
Testing Interactive
SoftwareCourse 3
Designing for
the Scent ofInformation:
Advanced Concepts

515 AB

COMMONS

SPECIAL EVENTS

8:30
10:30

Course 8
Building Affinity
Diagrams to Reveal
User Needs &Engage Developers

Course 4
The Goldilocks
Content
Framework:
What Users Want

Conference
Reception, Posters,& Exhibits Grand
Opening
18:30 – 21:30

Course 6
An Exercise in the
Politics of Usability:
Test Your Skills

Focus on Doctoral
Consortium &Workshop Posters
Level 2 Foyer
16:00 – 16:30

MONDAY

SIG
Producing
HCI-CompetentManagers, CIOs, &CEOs

Newcomers’
Orientation
Room 511ABCD
10:30 – 11:00

8:30
9:00
10:30

Course 10
Understanding
Users inContext:
An In-Depth
Introduction to
Fieldwork

Course 11
Re-Positioning User
Experience
as a Strategic
Process

Course 14
Usability& Product
Development:
A Usability Course
for Management

Course 12
Personal
Information
Management in
Theory & PracticeCommons Open:
08:00 – 20:00
Exhibits,
Interactivity
10:30 – 18:00

TUESDAY

SIG
Rhetoric &Argumentation

Course 13
The Usability
Engineering
Lifecycle

Focus on Posters,
including Student
Design Competition
10:30 – 11:30

SIG
Assessing &Improving
Information
Usability

Job Fair
18:00 – 20:00

SIG
Designing
Environments for
Outdoors Gaming& Play

8:30
9:00
10:30

SIG
The CHIManagement
Community
SIG
The CHI
Education
Community

Course 20
Analyzing
Qualitative Data
from Field Studies

Course 18
Designing for User
Efficiency

Course 17
Web Design for
Usability

Commons Open:
08:00 – 18:00

Exhibits,
Interactivity
10:30 – 18:00

Course 16
The Art of
Speaking:
Fundamentals for
HCI Professionals:
Part 2Focus on Posters
10:30 – 11:30

SIGCHI Member
Meeting
Room 511ABDE
18:10 – 19:30
Hospitality Events
Hyatt Regency
Montréal
18:30 – 20:30

WEDNESDAY

SIG
The CHIEngineering
Community

Course 15
Course 19
The Art of Speaking:From Usability
Fundamentals for
Testing to User
HCI Professionals:
Experience: Tools
Part 1for Data Collection& Analysis

8:30
9:00
10:30

SIG
11:30
13:00 Usability Community:

Course 22
The Art of
Speaking:
Advanced Skills for
the Lecture Hall &the Hallway

Past, Present, &Future

14:30
16:00

16:30
18:00

SIG
Online HealthCommunities

Course 23
Designing
Responsive
SoftwareCourse 24
How to Build Rich
Personas from Field
Data
Course 25
How to Collect Field
Data & Produce a
Tested Designin 1-8 Weeks

Course 21
Usable for
the World:
A Practical Guide
to International
User Studies

Commons Open:
08:00 - 12:00

Course 26
Usability Design:
A New Rational
Unified Process
Discipline

Exhibits,
Interactivity
10:30 – 12:00
Focus on Posters
10:30 – 11:30

THURSDAY

SIG
Tips & Tricks for
Better Usability Test
Recommendations

Welcome from the Chairs
Welcome to CHI 2006! CHI is the leading international
conference on human-computer interaction (HCI). It provides
an opportunity to interact with your colleagues, to inform
each other about the latest results and methods in the HCI
ﬁeld, and to inspire each other to move the ﬁeld forward.
CHI takes on some new forms this year. We have expanded
the technical program to four days, in large part due to thegrowth of activity in the many areas of HCI. We have madecourses part of the regular technical program and haveincluded them in the registration fee.
This year we have made an explicit effort to engage themany communities that make up the CHI ﬁeld. The goal has
been to ensure that the conference program contains events
that will appeal to all communities. Of course, many eventsare cross-cutting, appealing to multiple communities.
• Design – Design processes for creating user experiences;user interface innovations.
• Education – Advancing HCI education at all levels.
• Engineering – Organizing the design and construction ofinteractive artifacts to achieve desired outcomes.
• Management – The business and organizational sides of
HCI.
• Research – Scientiﬁcally advancing the state of the ﬁeld in
all areas.
• Usability – Methods, tools, and strategies to improve theuser experience of products and services.
The CHI 2006 conference is being held at the Palais desCongrès (convention center) in the heart of Montréal. Thisfacility is within walking distance of many attractions. The
conference hotels are all clustered near the Palais. Montréal
is a wonderful, cosmopolitan city, an interesting mix ofEuropean and North American inﬂuences.
We hope you enjoy this year’s conference.

Gary Olson
Conference Chair

Robin Jeffries
Technical Program Chair

4
CHI 2006 MONTRÉALCONFERENCE ON HUMAN FACTORS IN COMPUTING SYSTEMSTable of Contents
6

Conference Committee

7

Sponsors

11

General Information

11

ACM SIGCHI

11

Sessions Overview

11

Pre-Conference(Saturday–Sunday)

12

Conference

13

Special Events
13 Networking Gathering
13 Conference Reception &Exhibits Grand Opening
13 Newcomers’ Orientation
14 Job Fair
14 Recruiting Boards
14 Hospitality Events
14 Exhibits
14 Interactive Posters
15 ACM SIGCHI Member Meeting

15

CHI 2006 at the Palais
15 Internet Access
15 CHI 2006 Information Booth
15 Lunch with Locals
15 Speaker Preparation and Rehearsal
15 Registration
15 Accompanying Persons
16 Student Volunteers
16 The Commons
16 Coffee Breaks
16 Conference Management Ofﬁce
16 Press Ofﬁce
17 Policies

17

Montréal, Quebec
17 Attire
17 Currency Exchange
17 Taxes
17 Transportation
18 Local Conference Hotels

19

SIGCHI 2006 Awards

19

2006 Lifetime Achievement Award Winners

26

Sunday26 Evening

27

Monday
27
28
29
32
35
39

43

Tuesday
43
44
45
48
52
55

59

Day at a Glance
Morning
Mid-morning
Afternoon
Late Afternoon
Courses

Thursday
73
74
77
80
83
84

87

Day at a Glance
Morning
Mid-morning
Afternoon
Late Afternoon
Courses

Wednesday
59
60
61
64
67
70

73

Day at a Glance
Morning
Mid-morning
Afternoon
Late Afternoon
Courses

Day at a Glance
Morning
Mid-morning
Afternoon
Late Afternoon
Courses

Posters and Exhibits
87
87
88
90

Doctoral Consortium
Student Design Competition
Workshops
Work-in-Progress

19

2006 CHI Academy Inductees

202006 Lifetime Service Award

21

2006 SIGCHI Social Impact Award

100

Exhibits

21

Past Honorees

103

Maps

22

CHI Academy Members

22

Best of CHI Awards

xx

Index
5

W W W.CHI2006.ORG

CHI 2006 MONTRÉALConference Committee
Management Team
Conference Chair
Gary Olson, University of Michigan,
USA
Technical Program Chair
Robin Jeffries, Google, USA
Conference Chair’s Administrator
Marta Rey-Babarro, University ofMichigan, USA
ACM SIGCHI Program Director
Erica Johnson, ACM, USA
ACM SIGCHI Vice Chair for
Conferences
Dennis Wixon, Microsoft, USA

Technical Program Chairs
Papers Co-Chairs
Rebecca Grinter, Georgia Institute ofTechnology, USA
Tom Rodden, University of
Nottingham, UK
CHI Notes Co-Chairs
Paul Aoki, PARC, USA
Ed Cutrell, Microsoft, USA
Education Co-Chairs
Jim Foley, Georgia Institute ofTechnology, USA
Jenny Preece, University of Maryland,
USA
Design Co-Chairs
David Gilmore, Intel, USA
Kristina Höök, Swedish Institute ofComputer Science, Sweden
Usability Co-Chairs
Janice Rohn, World Savings Bank, USA
Stephanie Rosenbaum, Tec-Ed, USA
Engineering Co-Chairs
Bonnie John, Carnegie Mellon
University, USA
William Newman, Consultant,
Microsoft, UK

Management Co-Chairs
James Euchner, Pitney Bowes, USA
Austin Henderson, Pitney Bowes, USA
Research Chair
Robin Jeffries, Google, USA
Courses Co-Chairs
Mike Atwood, Drexel University, USA
Tom Hewett, Drexel University, USA
Workshop Co-Chairs
Steve Harrison, Virginia Technological
Institute and State University, USA
Deborah Tatar, Virginia Technological
Institute and Sate University, USA
Interactivity Co-Chairs
Jan Borchers, RWTH Aachen
University, Germany
Eric Lee, RWTH Aachen University,
Germany
Experience Reports Chair
Jim Miller, Miramontes Computing,USA
Student Design Competition Co-Chairs
Elizabeth Churchill, PARC, USA
Steven Wall, University of Glasgow,
Scotland
Doctoral Consortium ChairJack Carroll, The Pennsylvania State
University, USA
Work-in-Progress Co-Chairs
Dan Horn, U.S. Army ResearchInstitute, USA
Erika Orrick, GE Healthcare Information
Technologies, USA
Mentoring Co-Chairs
Elizabeth Churchill, PARC, USA
Steve Whittaker, Shefﬁeld University,UK
alt.chi Chair
Sidney Fels, University of British
Columbia, Canada

Operations
Blogging Chairm c schraefel, University ofSouthampton, UK
e-Publications Chair
Libby Hemphill, University ofMichigan, USA
Montréal Liaison
Jean-Marc Robert, École Polytechniquede Montréal, Canada
Print Publications Co-Chairs
Lana Krolikowski, Comcast, USA
Marta Rey-Babarro, University ofMichigan, USA
Kathy Seyama, Nokia, USA
Student Volunteers Co-ChairsMark Handel, The Boeing Company,
USA
Cliff Lampe, Michigan State University,
USA
Technology Liaison
Scooter Morris, University ofCalifornia, San Francisco, USA

Staff
Sponsors & Exhibits Coordinator
Carol Klyver, Foundations of
Excellence, USA
Registration
Deb Bartlett, Executive Events, USA
Logistics
John Lechner, Conference & Logistics
Consultants, USA
Reviewing Software
James Stewart, Precision Conference
Solutions, Canada

Madness Chair
Patrick Baudisch, Microsoft, USABest of CHI Awards Chair
Jim Miller, Miramontes Computing,USA

6
CHI 2006 MONTRÉALCONFERENCE ON HUMAN FACTORS IN COMPUTING SYSTEMSSponsors
Champion Sponsors

Contributing Sponsors

Friends of CHI

VMware, Inc.

7
W W W.CHI2006.ORG

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Notes10
CHI 2006 MONTRÉALCONFERENCE ON HUMAN FACTORS IN COMPUTING SYSTEMSGeneral Information
ACM SIGCHI

Sessions Overview

The CHI 2006 Conference is sponsored by ACM’s Special
Interest group on Computer-Human Interaction (ACM
SIGCHI). ACM, the Association for Computing Machinery,
is a major force in advancing the skills and knowledge ofInformation Technology (IT) professionals and students
throughout the world. ACM serves as an umbrellaorganization offering its 71,000 members a variety of forums
in order to fulﬁll its members’ needs, the delivery of cuttingedge technical information, the transfer of ideas from theory
to practice, and opportunities for information exchange.
Providing high quality products and services, world-classjournals and magazines, dynamic special interest groups,
numerous ‘main event’ conferences, tutorials, workshops,
local special interest groups and chapters, and electronic
forums, ACM is the resource for lifelong learning in the
rapidly changing IT ﬁeld.

The CHI 2006 technical program showcases presentationsof outstanding human-computer interaction (HCI)
research, demonstrations of new and innovative technology,
discussions of timely and controversial issues, andpresentations of the latest developments in HCI design
and practice.

SIGCHI is the premier international society for professionals,
academics, and students who are interested in humantechnology and human-computer interaction (HCI). We
provide a forum for the discussion of all aspects of HCI
through our conferences, including our ﬂagship CHI
conference, publications, web sites, email discussion groups,
and other services. We advance education in HCI throughcourses, workshops, and outreach and we promote informal
access to a wide range of individuals and organizations
involved in HCI. Members can be involved in HCI-related
activities with others in their region through local SIGCHI
chapters.
Visit our booth at the conference; come to our membership
meeting on Wednesday at 6:10 in Room 511ABCDE; or visit
www.sigchi.org to learn more about SIGCHI
Membership Information
Please contact ACM’s Member Services Department online:
www.acm.org
Tel:+1-800-342-6626 (USA/Canada)+1-212-626-0500 (International)
Fax:+1-212-944-1318
Email:
acmhelp@acm.org
Write:ACM Member Services
PO Box 11414
New York, NY
10286-1414
USA

Pre-Conference (Saturday–Sunday)
Doctoral Consortium
The doctoral consortium provides an opportunity for agroup of invited doctoral students to explore their researchinterests and participate in an interdisciplinary workshop
with other students and a group of experienced researchers.
Participant posters will be shown in the Commons starting
Monday at 16:00.
Doctoral Consortium Faculty:[CHAIR] John M. Carroll, The Pennsylvania State

University, USA
Alan Borning, University of Washington, USA
Kori Inkpen, Dalhousie University, Canada
Bonnie Nardi, University of California, Irvine, USA
Stephen Payne, University of Manchester, UK
Workshops
Workshops provide a valuable opportunity for small
communities of people with diverse perspectives to engage
in rich one and two-day discussions about topics of common
interest. Workshop participants were pre-selected based on
submitted position papers and results will be displayed as
posters in the Commons starting Monday at 16:00.
Course: Human-Computer Interaction: Introduction andOverview
Location: Room 514ABC
Time: Sunday, 18:00 – 21:00
Keith A. Butler, Robert J.K. Jacob, David Kieras
This course is a tried-and-true introduction to the ﬁeld of
human-computer interaction (HCI). It has become a CHI
conference tradition. If you are a newcomer to the ﬁeld of
HCI, this tutorial will give you the background you need to
get the most out of the CHI conference.
Refer to page 23 for more information on this course.

11
W W W.CHI2006.ORG

CHI 2006 MONTRÉALGeneral Information, continued
Conference

Courses

The CHI technical program includes presentations and posters.
Choosing Sessions
The CHI 2006 Conference Proceedings and Extended
Abstracts contain information about each presentation.
You may wish to refer to these materials in the DVD in yourconference bag to help you choose which sessions to attend.
Each morning, before the ﬁrst session of the day, we will alsopresent CHI Madness, a fast-paced overview of many of thepresentations of the day, to help you decide how to spend
your time that day. You can also attend the newcomers
orientation at 10:30 on Monday where we offer suggestions
on planning your conference experience. Conference
volunteers are also available to answer questions.
Leaving Sessions
If you plan to leave during the middle of a session, please beconsiderate of the speakers and others around you by taking
a seat near an exit.

For the ﬁrst time, the CHI conference offers courses as partof the technical program. The goal of these courses is toprovide professional development opportunities for people
in the HCI community or those wishing to join.
Courses are strictly limited and pre-registration is required.
Please register for courses at the registration desk on theLevel 2. CHI 2006 regrets any inconvenience should thecourse you wish to attend be ﬁlled. Please check with theregistration desk periodically to see if a space has opened ina particular class due to cancellation.
HCI Overviews
HCI overviews showcase a particular organization or virtualorganization that is focused on some aspect of HCI. Of
interest is the big picture: how did a group come into being;
how do the participants inﬂuence each other as well as othergroups; the group’s plans and visions for the future; and thebasis for these plans.
Invited Research Overviews

Presentation/Session Length
Approximate lengths of each type of session are:This year, we will have two Invited Research Overviews,
where leading researchers will provide an overview of a
speciﬁc research area.

alt.chi

15 minutes

HCI Overviews

30 minutes

Interactivity

Experience Reports

30 minutes

Interactivity

15 minutes

Panels90 minutes

Papers30 minutes

Experience HCI yourself at the Chamber, a hub forInteractivity activities in the Commons. Inside the Chamber
are hands-on setups that push the boundaries of tangible,
multimodal, collaborative, and multimedia interfaces.
Interactivity participants will also present their research in a
regular conference session.

Notes

15 minutes

SIGs

90 minutes

Expect about the last third of each presentation to be used
for a question and answer session.
alt.chi
These invited sessions allow controversial, hard to publish,
and/or alternative perspectives on HCI to be expressed in aformat that encourages lively audience participation.
CHI Madness
At the beginning of each day, we will give a fast-paced
overview of many elements of that day’s program. This willtake place in the plenary room.

Experience Reports
Experience reports are examples of the practice of HCI
that are based on real world experience, described andgeneralized in a way to be of interest and instructive to othermembers of the community.
PanelsPanels let audience members understand and interact withdifferent perspectives on an emerging or controversial
topic. Panels stimulate thought and discussion about ideas
and issues of interest to the human-computer interaction
community. We have panels from the six different
communities, as well as many cross-community panels.

12
CHI 2006 MONTRÉALCONFERENCE ON HUMAN FACTORS IN COMPUTING SYSTEMSGeneral Information, continued
Papers and CHI Notes
Research Papers present signiﬁcant contributions toresearch, development, and practice in all areas of theﬁeld of human-computer interaction. All accepted papers
were rigorously reviewed. Papers in the CHI Proceedings
are read and cited worldwide and have wide impact on thedevelopment of HCI principles, theories, and techniques, andon their practical application.
CHI Notes is a new participation category, modeled on the
successful UIST TechNotes and CSCW Notes categories. CHI
Notes are briefer and more focused than Research Papers
and follow the same reviewing process used for the Papers.
The goal is to increase the diversity of the fully-reviewed
technical program by encouraging submissions that might
not ﬁt well within the traditional Papers program.
Special Interest Groups (SIGs)
Special Interest Groups enable conference attendees whoshare similar interests to meet for 90 minutes of facilitateddiscussion.
Student Design Competition
Professionals in the ﬁeld of human-computer interaction are
unique in their ability to impact the quality of people’s lives.
Tackling real-world problems, HCI researchers and designers- in both academia and industry - face many fascinating
challenges in designing usable and enjoyable services,
applications, interfaces, and environments. This year’s
Student Design Competition problem challenged students toapply their creativity to designing an experience in the areaof health and ﬁtness.
CHI 2006 Student Design Competition entries will be foundon posters in the Commons. Be sure to review them andattend the ﬁnalists’ presentations on Wednesday at 11:30
and see if you can guess the winners to be announced at the
Closing Plenary on Thursday.
Work-in-Progress Posters

Special Events
Networking Gathering
Location: Palais des Congrès, Level 2 foyer
Time: Sunday, 17:30 – 20:00
CHI participants are invited to gather, catch up with oldfriends and make newcomers feel welcome! Complimentarysnacks and light appetizers will be served and a cash bar isavailable.
Conference Reception and Exhibits Grand Opening
Location: The Commons (Hall 210)
Time: Monday, 18:30 – 21:30
Join us for an evening of fellowship, ﬁne food, and circus
acrobatics at the Palais des Congrès. You will see some ofMontréal’s famous street performers and aerial acrobats
who will have performances throughout the evening! You
will also have a chance to visit our exhibitors, interact withthe authors of Work-in-Progress posters, Student Design
Competition posters, Doctoral Consortium posters, andposters describing the Workshops held over the preceding
weekend. The event is included with the Conference
registration. Additional tickets may be purchased at
Registration for $50 USD.
Newcomers’ Orientation
Location: Room 511ABDE
Time: Monday, 10:30 – 11:00
Join ACM SIGCHI President Joseph Konstan and Conference
Chair Gary Olson after the Opening Plenary and ﬁnd out
how to get the most from CHI. This session offers ﬁrsttime attendees information on navigating the conference
and making session choices in an environment with many
options. The session will also provide a brief historyof SIGCHI and an overview of its current structure andactivities.

These are brief descriptions of work that is ongoing. They
will be presented during the Conference Reception as
posters and highlighted in various breaks. This is youropportunity to see the very latest work in HCI and interact
with the authors in as much depth as you like.

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CHI 2006 MONTRÉALGeneral Information, continued
Job Fair

Hospitality Events

Location: The Commons (Hall 210)

Location: Hyatt Regency Montréal

Time: Tuesday, 18:00 – 20:00

Time: Wednesday, 18:30 – 20:30

To enhance recruiting this year, CHI 2006 is featuring a Job
Fair on Tuesday evening. Recruiters and job candidates
are invited to take advantage of this key event. Visit the
Recruiting Boards and designated exhibit booths throughout
the conference to ﬁnd out more about available positions.

Champion Sponsors:
Google, Inc., HospitalitéIntuit, Café Fleuri
Microsoft Corporation, Alfred-Rouleau AChampion Sponsor Recruiters:
Google, Inc.
Intel Corporation
IntuitMicrosoft Corporation
SAP
Yahoo! Inc.

Contributing Sponsor Recruiters:
Cisco Systems, Inc.
eBay, Inc.
IBM Corporation
Pitney Bowes

Additional Recruiters:
FILTER/TALENT
FutureWei Technologies, Inc.
Human Factors International, Inc.
Oracle, USA
Salesforce.com
St. Jude Medical
Teligence
The Mathworks, Inc
The Vanguard Group
Ubisoft
VMware, Inc.
Recruiting Boards
Please check the recruiting boards in the poster area for
information about career opportunities with different
organizations. You may submit your resume in response tothese opportunities to the CHI 2006 Information Booth. The
recruiting boards open at 18:30 Monday evening and will beavailable during the Commons’ hour of operation.

Others:Human Factors International, Inc., Été des Indiens
Exhibits
Location: The Commons (Hall 210)
Hours:
MondayTuesday
WednesdayThursday

18:30 – 21:30 (Grand Opening)
10:30 – 18:00 (Job Fair 18:00 – 20:00)
10:30 – 18:00
10:30 – 12:00

Exhibits provide an opportunity for conference attendees
to learn about a broad spectrum of HCI offerings. They
feature the latest HCI-oriented products and services fromcommercial vendors, institutions, and publishers.
The Exhibit area opens at the beginning of the conference
reception on Monday evening. See page 100 for individual
exhibit descriptions.
Interactive Posters
Location: The Commons (Hall 210)
Time: During CHI Commons hours
Posters for the Work-in-Progress, Doctoral Consortium,
Student Design Competition, and Workshops are on display
beginning Monday and throughout the rest of the conference
during the Commons hours. Visit the poster authors anddiscuss their work with them directly during Monday’s
reception and during other breaks.
Monday afternoon break (16:00 – 16:30),
View the Workshop and Doctoral Consortium posters
in the Foyer on Level 2
Monday evening at the Conference Reception
Authors of odd numbered posters will be at theirposters 18:30 – 19:30
Authors of even numbered posters will be at theirposters 20:00 – 21:00
Tuesday morning break (10:30 – 11:30), The Commons

14
CHI 2006 MONTRÉALCONFERENCE ON HUMAN FACTORS IN COMPUTING SYSTEMSGeneral Information, continued
Interact with authors of Work-in-Progress
posters 57 – 121Interact with authors of the Student Design
Competition posters
Wednesday morning break (10:30 – 11:30), The CommonsInteract with authors of Work-in-Progress
posters 122 – 187
Thursday morning break (10:30 – 11:30), The CommonsInteract with authors of Work-in-Progress
posters 188 – 252
ACM SIGCHI Member Meeting
Location: Room 511ABDE
Time: Wednesday, 18:10 – 19:30
SIGCHI ofﬁcers will present ongoing programs and activities,
followed by an audience question and answer session.
Participants interested in shaping SIGCHI’s future areencouraged to attend.

CHI 2006 at the PalaisInternet AccessWireless high-speed Internet access is provided by CHI 2006
from Sunday to Thursday throughout the Palais des Congrèsde Montréal for CHI 2006. Hotspots exist throughout thebuilding and are posted for your convenience. Hard wire
connections and computers are not provided.
CHI 2006 Information Booth

Lunch with Locals
The CHI local members offer complimentary local tours anda ‘Lunch with a Local’ program, uniquely designed for yourenjoyment. You can sign up for these activities by visiting
the Information Booth at the beginning of the conference.
Speaker Preparation and Rehearsal
Location: Room 512G
Hours:
SundayMondayTuesday
WednesdayThursday9:00 – 18:00
7:30 – 18:00
7:30 – 18:00
7:30 – 18:00
7:30 – 14:30

Conference speakers may reserve a LCD projector in thisroom to help them prepare materials and rehearse for theirpresentations. There is only one room for your use, therefore
space is limited. Please, reserve in advance in room 512G.
Registration
Location: Level 2, Area 200
Hours:
SundayMondayTuesday
WednesdayThursday9:00 – 19:30
7:00 – 21:30
8:00 – 18:30
8:00 – 18:30
8:00 – 14:30

Pre-registered attendees can pick up their badges andconference materials at Registration. On-site registration is
also available.

Location: The Commons (Hall 210)
Accompanying Persons

Hours:
MondayTuesday
WednesdayThursday8:00 – 18:00 (Level 2 Foyer)
8:00 – 17:30
8:00 – 17:30
8:00 – 12:00

The CHI 2006 information booth will be staffed by CHI local
members and student volunteers who are happy to assist
you. The information booth formally opens on Monday. If
you need assistance during the pre-conference dates, pleaseinquire at the registration desk.

CHI 2006 welcomes accompanying persons, ages 18 or older,to the conference to share in the excitement of the event.
Accompanying persons are encouraged to register for oneday access.
Additional tickets for the conference reception only may
be purchased at the CHI Registration Desk for US $50.
Reception tickets will not be sold on the evening of the event.
Each reception ticket includes one complimentary beer, wine,or soda.

15
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CHI 2006 MONTRÉALGeneral Information, continued
Student Volunteers

Conference Management Ofﬁce

Student Volunteers are great sources of information about
the conference. Many are working on their Masters or Ph.D.s
and some are looking for job or internship opportunities.
They help give the conference a friendly, helpful face andwork hard to assist during the whole conference. Please becourteous to them and feel free to ask them questions. You
can identify Student Volunteers by their white T-shirts.

Location: Room 512D

The Commons
Location: Hall 210
Hours:
MondayTuesday
WednesdayThursday

18:30 – 21:30
8:00 – 20:00
8:00 – 18:00
8:00 – 12:00

The Commons is a large central area that is the site for all main
conference breaks, exhibits, posters, and other interactive
activities. Seating areas make The Commons the perfect place
to meet with old or new friends, enjoy a refreshing beverageduring a coffee break, or just relax between sessions. You
will also ﬁnd tables labeled with the names of each of the six
communities, so you will be able to interact with others fromyour own community or other communities.

The Conference Management Ofﬁce is available to address
your questions regarding lost & found items, special
access needs, dietary issues, or audio-visual equipment for
presenters. We may be able to assist with other issues. Stopby when you do not know where else to turn.
Press Ofﬁce
Location: Room 512C
CHI 2006 welcomes members of the Press! Please stop by
the CHI 2006 Chair’s Ofﬁce to get information on scheduled
Press Events and to learn more about CHI 2006, SIGCHI, andfuture CHI conferences. CHI 2006 media coordinators will
be happy to schedule interviews with selected authors at theconference.
Policies
Cell Phones
CHI 2006 requests that all cellular phones, pagers, and otherequipment with audible alarms be turned off in all sessions
as a courtesy to the presenters and to the other attendees.

The complimentary morning and afternoon coffee breaks
take place as follows:

Recording
The use of any type of audio or video recording device is not
permitted during any part of the conference. The use of stillcameras is permissible. However, reprinting photographs
in print or electronic publications is prohibited without thewritten permission of the people photographed.

Monday10:30 – 11:30: Outside the meeting rooms on Level 5 & Level 2
15:30 – 16:00: Outside the meeting rooms on Level 5 & Level 2

Blogging and Photosharing
CHI encourages conference participants to blog CHI while atthe event.

Tuesday
10:30 – 11:30: CHI Commons
16:00 – 16:30: CHI Commons

Please add the category/keyword of “CHI2006” to your blog
entries.

Wednesday
10:30 – 11:30: CHI Commons
16:00 – 16:30: CHI Commons• Trackback your blog entries to the “blogging chi” entry at
the CHI 2006 site,www.chi2006.org/blogs/ofﬁcial/archives/2006/02/blogging_chi_re.html• Leave a comment that provides a link to your blog postsat the above site.

Coffee Breaks

Thursday10:30 – 11:30: CHI Commons
16:00 – 16:30: Outside Room 517

To make sure that your blog is discovered, please either:

We also encourage photosharing by services such as ﬂickr.
Again, please add the tag “CHI2006” to your photos.
You may link those pages to us via the comment ﬁeld atwww.chi2006.org/blogs/ofﬁcial/archives/2006/02/blogging_chi_re.html
Alcoholic Beverages
The legal drinking age in Quebec is 18 years old.
Smoking
The Palais des Congrès de Montréal is a non-smoking
facility.

16
CHI 2006 MONTRÉALCONFERENCE ON HUMAN FACTORS IN COMPUTING SYSTEMSGeneral Information, continued
Montréal, QuebecMontréal is a spectacular blend of Old World charm andNorth American modernity. You can count on a memorable
convention while you’re here, thanks to the array of
attractions and activities offered throughout the city.
The Palais de Congrès de Montréal is located at the heartof four city districts. From the Palais, visitors can easily
access the Quartier International, Chinatown, the downtown
business core, or Old Montréal. Visitors heading to the
Palais will ﬁnd themselves at the very center of a bustling
and animated downtown, only a ﬁve-minute walk from some
12,000 hotel rooms in a safe and friendly environment.
AttireCHI conferences are casual dress. A light jacket and/or
sweater is suggested for the evenings. During the later partof April, Montréalers ﬁnd themselves enjoying the re-birthof spring with daytime temperatures in the 50’s (avg. 10ºC /51ºF) and late evening getting into the 30’s (avg. 1ºC / 34ºF).
You may expect a range of weather during the conference;
we recommend dressing in layers.
Currency Exchange
It’s easy to exchange foreign currency in Montréal. You
can cash travellers cheques at banks and exchange ofﬁces(Bureau de change in French) which are common in theareas you’ll be visiting. Banking and credit cards are also
welcome, so you can withdraw with your bank card, usemajor credit cards, or even pay directly at stores, restaurants,
etc. Many businesses will also accept US dollars andtravellers cheques, but it’s always a good idea to carry
Canadian money with you.

Transportation
City Transportation
The Societé de Transportation de Montréal (STM) offers
tourists and convention delegates passes valid for a one,
three, or seven-day period, allowing them unlimited accessto its bus and metro network
Fares (bus and métro):

Adult fare: $2.50

Booklet of 6 tickets:$11.25The STM tourist pass:

1 day, $8; 3 days, $16

Bus514-842-2281
L’Aerobus is the shuttle service from Montréal’s Pierre Elliott
Trudeau International Airport to the Montréal Central Bus
Station. For more information on bus schedules and fares,
contact the Station Central d’Autobus Montréal. The staff
can provide schedule and fare information for all bus service
from Montréal, including the independent companies thatprovide service to all Québec and some Ontario destinations.
Complimentary Minibus
514-631-1856
A complimentary minibus shuttle service is also available
between the Montréal Central Bus Station and major
downtown hotels. Please call to make a reservation for theminibus shuttle service.
Metro
The Montréal metro is made up of 65 stations spread out
along four lines. The metro station closest to the Palais deCongrès is the Place-d’Armes on the Orange line. Following
are the hours of operation for the metro lines in Montréal:
Green and Orange line
Monday to Friday and Sunday
Saturday

5:30 – 00:30
5:30 – 1:00

Yellow line
Monday to Friday and Sunday
Saturday

5:30 – 1:00
5:30 – 1:30

Two kinds of taxes apply in Montréal: the 7% federal Goods
and Services Tax (GST) and Québec’s 7.5% provincial tax(QST). The GST applies to most purchases. However, it isrefundable if you qualify.

Blue line
Every day

5:30 – 00:15

Visit http://www.cra-arc.gc.ca/visitors/ for information on
qualifying and the required forms.

Taxi Co-op Montréal: 514-725-2667

Taxes

Taxi Services
Diamond Taxi: 514-273-6331

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CHI 2006 MONTRÉALGeneral Information, continued
Local Conference Hotels
Delta Centre-Ville(514) 879-1370
777 University Street
Montréal (Quebec) Canada H3C 3Z7
Fairmont Queen Elizabeth Hotel(514) 954-2221
900 René-Levesque Boulevard West
Montréal (Québec) Canada H3B 4A5
Holiday Inn Select Montréal Centre-Ville(514) 878-9888
99 Viger Avenue and St. Urban Street
Montréal (Québec) Canada H2Z 1E9Hyatt Regency Montréal (Conference Headquarters)(514) 982-1234
1255 Jeanne-Mance, PO Box 130
Montréal (Québec) Canada H5B 1E5
Le Centre Sheraton(514) 878-2000
1201 René-Levesque Boulevard West
Montréal (Québec) Canada H3B 2L7

18
CHI 2006 MONTRÉALCONFERENCE ON HUMAN FACTORS IN COMPUTING SYSTEMSSIGCHI 2006 Awards
2006 Lifetime Achievement Award Winners

2006 CHI Academy Inductees

Judith S. Olson and Gary M. Olson

Scott Hudson

Gary M. Olson is Paul M. Fitts Collegiate Professor of
Human Computer Interaction at the University of Michigan,a Professor and Associate Dean for Research in the Schoolof Information, and a Professor in the Department of
Psychology. Since 1993 he has been Professor of Psychology
at the Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Science,
Beijing.

Scott Hudson is a Professor in the Human-Computer
Interaction Institute at Carnegie Mellon University where
he directs the HCII Ph.D. program. His research focuses on
exploration of new interaction techniques and software tools
to assist interface development. With over 30 CHI and UIST
papers, his impressive body of work includes investigationof database management, interactive and spreadsheetbased speciﬁcation of user interfaces, direct manipulationinterfaces (e.g., integrating snapping and gesture, rule-based
techniques, layout by example, light-weight constraints),
authoring multimedia documents, information visualization(e.g., ambient displays, information percolator, information
collages, kinetic typography), pen-based interaction, sensorbased statistical models of interruptability, and privacy anddisruption tradeoffs in awareness systems. His community
service record is equally impressive. He serves as a regularmember of the CHI and UIST program committees and was afounding associate editor of ACM TOCHI.

Judith S. Olson is Richard W. Pew Collegiate Professor of
Human Computer Interaction at the University of Michigan, aProfessor in the School of Information, the Stephen M. Ross
School of Business, and the Department of Psychology.
Both have been extremely active in CHI affairs: Gary is
Conference Chair of CHI 2006. Judy served as co-chairfor papers for CHI 94. Gary and Judy together served astechnical program co-chairs for CHI 91 and as papers cochairs for the 1996 conference on Computer Supported
Cooperative Work, CSCW. Gary served as conference cochair for DIS 95, DIS 97, and CSCW 2004.
The fact that they co-chaired the program for CSCW 96 is
symptomatic, for their major contributions have been to thestudy of collaboration, which they do by practicing what
they preach and study. For many years they have studied
collaboration, ﬁrst in the School of Business at the Universityof Michigan and now in the School of Information. Althoughboth have published proliﬁcally independently, they havebeen co-authors together on approximately 49 of their papers.
Both Gary and Judy have each made substantive,
independent, original contributions to the ﬁelds of humancomputer interaction and collaboration, and have served
these ﬁelds well through academic and leadership positions
at the University of Michigan, on editorial boards of the
major journals, service to the professional societies (CHI,
CSCW, ACM), and as major members of the organizing
committees of CHI’s international conferences. Althougheach stands alone as a strong, independent contributor
and was each separately inducted into the CHI Academy,
this award recognizes their major, lifetime impact as thecollaborative study of collaboration: not only making amajor contribution to the development of the science ofcollaboration, but living the same role themselves. We
therefore feel it is only ﬁtting that this award be made to
the joint team of Gary M. Olson and Judith S. Olson. Thisaward honors their long, productive collaboration as asingle, unique contribution to the ﬁeld of computer-humaninteraction, or perhaps more accurately, of human-humancollaboration, mediated and enhanced through modern
technologies.

Hiroshi Ishii
Hiroshi Ishii is Associate Professor at the MIT Media Lab,
where he founded and continues to head the Tangible
Media Group. He has led the ﬁeld in exploring how people
live on the “border” between the digital and tangible
worlds. His research group has developed an impressive
series of creative and inﬂuential demonstrations, such as
mediaBlocks, Luminous Room, ambientROOM, musicBottles,
metaDESK, Illuminating Clay, I/O Brush, ActuatedWorkbench, and numerous others. These explorations all
integrate the digital with the physical, pointing the way
to a world of ubiquitous computing that draws on humanphysical embodiment and appeals to the senses. In addition
to his keen understanding of the underlying philosophy andprinciples, Ishii has brought a unique sense of beauty andplayfulness to interaction design.
Michel Beaudouin-Lafon
Michel Beaudouin-Lafon is Director of the Laboratoire deRecherche en Informatique at Université Paris-Sud and CNRS
and Professor in Computer Science at Université Paris-Sud.
Michel was instrumental in establishing human-computerinteraction as a discipline in France and he was one of thefounders and ﬁrst president of AFIHM, the French national
equivalent of ACM SIGCHI. In recent years he has played
major roles in the CHI, UIST, and ECSCW conferences and iscurrently member-at-large of the ACM Council and memberof the ACM Publications Board. His research includes bothtechnical/engineering aspects of interface construction
19

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CHI 2006 MONTRÉALSIGCHI Awards, continued
and development and design aspects with work on novel
interaction techniques including recent work on two handed
zoom and point interactions that support Fitts’ Law selection
over many orders of magnitude, even on small screens. He
started his academic career working on Petri Nets, but his
interest in interfaces developed early including a paper in1987 on “A Framework for Man-Machine Interface Design” ata major UNIX conference. While covering many areas sincethen, some of his recent innovative interface techniques
are still applied to Petri Net design environments. Michel’s
research work continues to inspire and excite readers andhis AVI paper in 2004 has been one of the most heavily
downloaded papers in the ACM Digital Library
Jakob Nielsen
Jakob Nielsen is a principal of Nielsen Norman group. He
coined the term ‘Discount Usability Engineering’ and is oneof the most proliﬁc authors of the HCI ﬁeld. A co-inventor of
the heuristic evaluation method, Nielsen has made strong
academic contributions to HCI through his publications while
worked as a researcher at Bellcore, IBM Research, and as aDistinguished Engineer at Sun Microsystems. Since he cofounded Nielsen Norman group, he has made even stronger
contributions to the practice of HCI. His highly visible workand often provocative commentary have enhanced thevisibility of the HCI ﬁeld in the business world. Jakob is oneof the few individuals in our ﬁeld who have been highly
successful at both academic research and making real world
impact. He has also been an active member of SIGCHI since
its founding, serving as paper co-chair of CHI 1993, among
other roles.
Peter PirolliPeter Pirolli is a Research Fellow at PARC and one of themost important theorists of HCI. His work has concerned
the interaction of human and computational knowledgebased systems, ﬁrst in intelligent tutoring systems, then incognitive models for human-computer interaction, methods
for analyzing information seeking and Internet behavior,sensemaking, visual attention, and most recently in social
foraging. The Lisp tutor built with colleagues is one of
the ﬁrst industrial-strength, successful tutors. Information
foraging theory reframed the conventional approach to
information retrieval. His work combines bold theoreticalmoves with concern for how these can shape systems
in HCI. Pirolli was formerly a professor at the Universityof California, Berkeley and Associate Director of the UC
Berkeley Cognitive Science Program. He is a Fellow of
the National Academy of Education and the American
Association for the Advancement of Science.

George Robertson
George Robertson is a Senior Researcher at Microsoft
Research. Robertson has been involved in interactive
technologies almost from the beginning. He has been one of
the few people able to work across the intersection between
systems programming at the operating system design level,
and human-computer interaction. His early contributions
include ZOG (one of the earliest operational hypertext
systems), Diamond (the ﬁrst multimedia messaging
system), and co-designing the predecessor to the Machoperating system. While at Xerox PARC, he coined the term
‘Information Visualization’ and was the architect for the
Information Visualizer system building early visualization
paradigms, including Cone Trees and Web Forager. He has
been innovative in his use of animation to highlight andshow relationships in information. More recently he has
contributed to visualizing polyarchies of data, interactingwith large screen real estate and the visualization of tasks.
Robertson is a Fellow of the ACM.

2006 Lifetime Service Award
Susan M. Dray
Since 1979, Dr. Susan M. Dray has worked in the ﬁeld of
human factors to increase the quality and intuitivenessof user interface designs for users around the world. She
has worked as both an internal and external consultant
and combines expertise in interface evaluation, usability
evaluation, and contextual and ethnographic research witha cross-cultural and organizational perspective. As Presidentof Dray & Associates, Inc., she consults internationallyon interface design and usability. She has evaluated andhelped redesign user interfaces for all types of websites,
desktop and Web applications, as well as both hardware andsoftware consumer products and technical equipment. She
specializes in international user studies, and has conducteduser research in 17 countries, including one of the largest
international usability evaluations ever done - studying 120
users in eight countries in Europe and Asia.
A pioneer in human-computer interaction, she was Directorof Human Factors at IDS [now American Express Financial
Advisors], where, in 1988, she developed one of the ﬁrst
corporate usability labs outside the computer industry.
Previously, at Honeywell, she was involved in evaluatingusability of consumer product hardware and software, as
well as military technologies. Dr. Dray was also an pioneer inthe Association for Computing Machinery’s Special Interest
Group on Computer-Human Interaction (ACM SIGCHI) as
liaison from the established Human Factors organizationin the early 1980’s. She was instrumental in building aninterdisciplinary CHI community and continues to work

20
CHI 2006 MONTRÉALCONFERENCE ON HUMAN FACTORS IN COMPUTING SYSTEMSSIGCHI Awards, continued
tirelessly for CHI today, teaching tutorials, lecturing worldwide, and editing the Business column of the ACM magazine,
interactions.
As a leader in the Human Factors profession nationallyand internationally, Dr. Dray has given over 80 talks at
conferences and symposia in the U.S.A., Europe, andAustralia, including the invited Plenary Address to the 10th
Congress of the International Ergonomics Association in
Sydney, Australia, and the Keynote address at the 2nd South
African Conference on Human-Computer Interaction, in
Pretoria, South Africa in 2001. In addition, she has publishednumerous papers and book chapters. Dr. Dray was also
the North American editor of the prestigious international
journal “Behavior and Information Technology.” She waselected a Fellow of the Human Factors and Ergonomics
Society and has chaired both the Organizational Design andManagement Technical Group and the Computer Systems
Technical Group of this same organization, as well as theComputers and Communications Scientiﬁc and TechnicalCommittee of the International Ergonomics Association.
Dr. Dray received her doctorate in Psychology from
University of California, Los Angeles in 1980 and is a Board
Certiﬁed Human Factors Professional.

2006 SIGCHI Social Impact Award
Ted Henter
As a young man, Ted Henter was ranked eighth in the worldon the motorcycle racing circuit. After a race in London,
England he was in an automobile accident that left him blind.
Determined not to let this tragedy alter his active lifestyle, he
set out to become the U.S.A. Blind Water Skiing Champion
and achieved this honor six years running, plus one world
championship. Mr. Henter graduated from the University
of Florida in 1974 with a bachelor’s degree in mechanicalengineering. After he was blinded, he took several computer
courses at the University of South Florida, which led to his
passion for assistive technology. In 1985, he started his own
business. Two years later, he founded Henter-Joyce (now adivision of Freedom Scientiﬁc) and began developing his ﬁrst
screen reader software that converts computer text to speechso people who are vision impaired can use a computer. In
1987, Mr. Henter and his new company invented JAWS,
then a DOS based program and in 1995, he developed
a Windows version of the product. Today, JAWS for
Windows is the world’s best selling screen reading software,
exceeding 78,000 users worldwide and growing. By allowing
persons who are blind or with low vision achieve the sameor higher productivity in computer-based jobs as sighted
people, JAWS has increased employment and educational
opportunities while helping employers meet requirements

established by the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA)
requirements. Henter-Joyce also developed other software
products including MAGIC screen magniﬁcation and Connect
Outloud Web access software. Ted Henter has received
numerous national honors, including the Smithsonian
Institute Award for developing JAWS.
Note: We are also recognizing 2005 SIGCHI DistinguishedService Awardee Gary Perlman (who is local to Montréal andcould not join us in Portland):Gary Perlman
Gary is perhaps most well known for the popular, early
repository of HCI publications and bibliographic information,
the HCI Bibliography. The HCI Bibliography web site has
been accessed over 4.5 million times since April 4th, 1998.
Gary worked on the committee for the CHI 1986 conference,
served as ACM BuckCHI Chair 1997-1998, ACM SIGCHI
Vice-Chair for Publications 1995-97, SIGCHI Education Chair
1991-1995, participated on many conference technicalprogram committees, and has published in and refereed forseveral HCI journals over many years. In addition, Gary set
up the current system of SIGCHI mailing lists. Gary servedon the SIGCHI Curriculum Development Group and createdthe web version of the group’s 1992 report. Gary currently
telecommutes as a Consulting Research Scientist at OCLC
Online Computer Library Center, from Montréal, Canada
where his focus there is on the design of useful and usable
web-based bibliographic and full text retrieval tools.

Past Honorees
SIGCHI Lifetime Achievement Award
1998 Douglas Engelbart
2000 Stuart K. Card
2001 Ben Shneiderman
2002 Donald A. Norman
2003 John M. Carroll
2004 Thomas P. Moran2005 Tom Landauer
SIGCHI Lifetime Service Award
2001 Austin Henderson
2002 Dan R. Olsen Jr.
2003 Lorraine Borman
2004 Robin Jeffries, Gene Lynch
2005 Sara Bly, John “Scooter” Morris, Don Patterson,
Gary Perlman, Marilyn Mantei Tremaine

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CHI 2006 MONTRÉALSIGCHI Awards, continued
CHI Academy Members

CHI 2006 Best Papers,
awarded by SIGCHI:Class of 2001

Class of 2004

Stuart K. Card
James D. Foley
Morten Kyng
Thomas P. Moran
Judith S. Olson
Ben Shneiderman

George Furnas
Jonathan Grudin
William Newman
Brad MyersDan R. Olsen Jr.
Brian Shackel
Terry Winograd

Class of 2002
William A. S. Buxton
John M. Carroll
Douglas C. Engelbart
Sara Kiesler
Thomas K. Landauer
Lucy A. Suchman

Class of 2005
Ron Baecker
Susan Dumais
John Gould
Saul Greenberg
Bonnie John
Andrew Monk

A Role for Haptics in Mobile Interaction: Initial Design Usinga Handheld Tactile Display Prototype
Joseph Luk, University of British Columbia, Canada
Jerome Pasquero, McGill University, Canada
Shannon Little, Karon MacLean, University of British
Columbia, Canada
Vincent Lévesque, Vincent Hayward, McGill University,
CanadaEmbedded Phenomena: Supporting Science Learning withClassroom-Sized Distributed Simulations
Tom Moher, University of Illinois, Chicago, USA
Trackball Text Entry for People with Motor Impairments
Jacob Wobbrock, Brad Myers, Carnegie Mellon University,
USA

Class of 2003
Thomas Green
James D. Hollan
Robert E. Kraut
Gary M. Olson
Peter G. Polson

Best of CHI Awards
SIGCHI and CHI 2006 are proud to announce CHI 2006’s‘Best of CHI’ nominees and award winners
The SIGCHI ‘Best of CHI’ Program is designed to recognize
outstanding work in the ﬁeld of human-computer interaction
by selecting and honoring exceptional submissions to
SIGCHI-sponsored conferences. This year, the Papers andNotes committees took part in this program, nominating up
to 5% of their submissions as Award Nominees. A separate
awards committee then chose a select group of thesesubmissions—no more than 1% of the total submissions—toreceive a ‘Best’ designation. We are proud to congratulate
the award winners and nominees for their outstanding
contributions to CHI 2006 and to our ﬁeld.

CHI 2006 Award Nominees,awarded by SIGCHIInterweaving Mobile Games With Everyday Life
Marek Bell, Matthew Chalmers, Louise Barkhuus, Malcolm
Hall, Scott Sherwood, Barry Brown, University ofGlasgow, Scotland
Duncan Rowland, University of Lincoln, UK
Steve Benford, Alastair Hampshire, Mauricio Capra,
University of Nottingham, UK
Fast, Flexible Filtering with Phlat - Personal Search andOrganization Made Easy
Edward Cutrell, Daniel Robbins, Susan Dumais, Raman
Sarin, Microsoft, USA
Desperately Seeking Simplicity: How Young Adults with
Cognitive Disabilities and Their Families Adopt Assistive
Technologies
Melissa Dawe, University of Colorado, Boulder, USA
Implications for Design
Paul Dourish, University of California, Irvine, USA“Alone Together?” Exploring the Social Dynamics ofMassively Multiplayer Online Games
Nicolas Ducheneaut, PARC, USA
Nicholas Yee, Stanford University, USA
Eric Nickell, Robert J. Moore, PARC, USA

22
CHI 2006 MONTRÉALCONFERENCE ON HUMAN FACTORS IN COMPUTING SYSTEMSSIGCHI Awards, continued
Generating Automated Predictions of Behavior Strategically
Adapted to Speciﬁc Performance Objectives
Katherine Eng, NASA, USA
Richard L. Lewis, University of Michigan, USA
Irene Tollinger, NASA, USA
Alina Chu, University of Michigan, USA
Andrew Howes, Manchester University, UK
Alonso Vera, NASA, USA
Finding Design Qualities in a Tangible Programming Space
Ylva Fernaeus, Jakob Tholander, Stockholm University,
SwedenThe Impact of Delayed Visual Feedback on Collaborative
Performance
Darren Gergle, Robert E. Kraut, Susan R. Fussell, Carnegie
Mellon University, USA
Providing Support for Adaptive Scripting in an
On-Line Collaborative Learning Environment
Gahgene Gweon, Carolyn Rose, Zachary Zaiss, Carey Regan,
Carnegie Mellon University, USA
Prototyping and Sampling Experience to Evaluate Ubiquitous
Computing Privacy in the Real World
Giovanni Iachello, Khai Truong, Gregory Abowd, GillianHayes, Georgia Institute of Technology, USA
Molly Stevens, Logical Design Solutions, USA
The Sensual Evaluation Instrument: Developing an Affective
Evaluation Tool
Katherine Isbister, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, USA
Kristina Höök, Swedish Institute for Computer Science,
SwedenMichael Sharp, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, USA
Jarmo Laaksolahti, Swedish Institute for Computer Science,
SwedenEvaluating Interfaces for Privacy Policy Rule Authoring
Clare-Marie Karat, Carloyn Brodie, John Karat, IBM, USA
Jinjuan Feng, University of Maryland, Baltimore County,
USA
FaThumb: A Facet-Based Interface for Mobile Search
Amy Karlson, University of Maryland, USA
George Robertson, Daniel Robbins, Mary Czerwinski, Greg
Smith, Microsoft, USA
Making Action Visible in Time-Critical Work
Jonas Landgren, Viktoria Institute, Sweden

Investigating Health Management Practices of Individuals
with Diabetes
Lena Mamykina, Siemens, USA
Elizabeth D. Mynatt, Georgia Institute of Technology, USA
David R. Kaufman, Columbia University, USA
The Effect of Speech Recognition Accuracy Rates on the
Usefulness and Usability of Webcast Archives
Cosmin Munteanu, Ronald Baecker, Gerald Penn, ElaineToms, David James, University of Toronto, Canada“LINC-ing” the Family: The Participatory Design of an
Inkable Family Calendar
Carman Neustaedter, University of Calgary, Canada
A.J. Bernheim Brush, Microsoft, USA
Remote Usability Evaluations with Disabled People
Helen Petrie, University of York, UK
Fraser Hamilton, Neil King, Pete Pavan, Designed for All, UK
An Evaluation of Using Programming by Demonstration and
Guided Walkthrough Techniques for Authoring and Utilizing
Documentation
Madhu Prabaker, Carnegie Mellon University, USA
Lawrence Bergman, Vittorio Castelli, IBM, USA
Routine Patterns of Internet Use and Psychological WellBeing: Coping with a Residential Move
Irina Shklovski, Robert Kraut, Carnegie Mellon University,
USA
Jonathon Cummings, Duke University, USA
Time is of the Essence: An Evaluation of Temporal
Compression Algorithms
Simon Tucker, Steve Whittaker, Shefﬁeld University, UK
Improving Accessibility of the Web with a Computer Game
Luis von Ahn, Shiry Ginosar, Mihir Kedia, Manuel Blum,
Carnegie Mellon University, USA
Verbosity: A Game for Collecting Common-Sense Facts
Luis von Ahn, Mihir Kedia, Manuel Blum, Carnegie Mellon
University, USA
Synchronous Broadcast Messaging: The Use of ICT
Justin D. Weisz, Carnegie Mellon University, USA
Thomas Erickson, Wendy A. Kellogg, IBM, USA
Dispelling “Design” as the Black Art of CHI
Tracee Vetting Wolf, IBM, USA
Jennifer A. Rode, University of California, Irvine, USA
Jeremy Sussman, Wendy A. Kellogg, IBM, USA
Do Security Toolbars Actually Prevent Phishing Attacks?
Min Wu, Robert Miller, MIT, USA
Simson Garﬁnkel, Harvard University, USA
23

W W W.CHI2006.ORG

CHI 2006 MONTRÉAL

Notes24
CHI 2006 MONTRÉALCONFERENCE ON HUMAN FACTORS IN COMPUTING SYSTEMSNotes25
W W W.CHI2006.ORG

CHI 2006 MONTRÉAL

Sunday Evening
COURSE 1

18:00-21:00
ROOM 514ABC

Human-Computer Interaction: Introduction
and Overview
Keith A. Butler, Microsoft, USA
Robert J.K. Jacob, Tufts University, USA
David Kieras, University of Michigan, USA

This course is a tried-and-true introduction to the ﬁeld of
human-computer interaction (HCI). It has become a CHI
conference tradition. If you are a newcomer to the CHI ﬁeld,
this course will give you the background you need to get themost out of the CHI conference.
[INTENDED AUDIENCE] Mainly ﬁrst-time CHI attendees, typicallyprofessionals from computing-related ﬁelds who are new tothe ﬁeld of human-computer interaction. No background in
HCI is assumed.
[PRESENTATION STYLE] Lecture[FEATURES]* What is HCI and why is it important?
* Brief history of HCI* Introduction to building usable systems* Introduction to the psychology of HCI* Introduction to computer technologies for HCI* Future directions of HCI* Where to learn more during the conference* Where to learn more in the published HCI literature

26
CHI 2006 MONTRÉALCONFERENCE ON HUMAN FACTORS IN COMPUTING SYSTEMS

511 ABDE

516 C

516 AB

510 ABCD

516 DE

511 CF

8:30 – 10:30

W W W.CHI2006.ORG

11:30 – 13:00

14:30 – 16:00

CHI 2006 MONTRÉAL

p. 12, 13, 14, 87, 100

Conference Reception,
Posters, & Exhibits Grand Opening
18:30 – 21:30

COMMONS

p. 13

Newcomers
Orientation
Room 511ABCD
10:30 – 11:30

Design is Fun& People are
Great
p. 37

alt.chiPDAs, Space
Invaders, &Chickens:
Mobility &Collaboration
p. 34

Interactivity

Focus on Doctoral
Consortium &Workshop Posters
Level 2 Foyer
16:00 – 16:30

SPECIAL EVENTSManaging
Voice Input
p. 37

PapersSocialComputing 1
p. 33

PapersInteractivity
Listen!: Voice
Interfaces
p. 31

PapersPrivacy 1
p. 30

SIG

SIG

Testing
Interactive
Software
p. 34

SIG

International
Usability
Evaluation:
Issues &Strategies
p. 31

Course 2

NOTES

Course 5513 EF

Course 4

Designing for
the Scent ofInformation:
Advanced
Concepts
p. 40

Course 3

An Introduction Web Bloopers:
to Designing for
Avoiding
the Scent ofCommon Web
Information
Designp. 39
Mistakes
p. 39

The Goldilocks
ProducingContent
DesignHCI-Competent
Framework:
Representations
Managers,
What Users
p. 38
CIOs,
Want
& CEOsp. 40
p. 38

Experience
Reports

Usability
Evaluations:
Challenges &Solutionsp. 31

Experience
Reports

513 CD

Building Affinity
Diagrams to
Reveal User
Needs &EngageDevelopers
p. 40

Course 8

Top 10 Field
Interview
Mistakes:
Recognizing &Preventing
Them
p. 39

Course 7

514 ABAn Exercise
in thePolitics ofUsability:
Test Your
Skillsp. 40

Course 6

FacetedMetadata for
Information
Architecture &Searchp. 39

Course 9513 ABC

14:30 – 16:00

Large Display
Research
p. 35

PapersMultidisplay
Environments
p. 36

Papers
Personal
Information
Managementp. 36

PapersEnd User
Programmingp. 35

Research
Overview

PapersActivity& Usability:
DesignImplications
p. 33

Papers

Games
p. 30

PapersInteraction
Techniques:
Haptic &Gesturalp. 32

PapersParticipatory
Design
p. 32

Panel

PapersMobile Surfing& Effects of
Wearables
p. 29

515 C

Day at a Glance

11:30 – 13:00

Managing
International
User Researchp. 33

PapersNavigation
p. 29

Panel

Usability fromthe CIO’s
Perspective
p. 29

Opening Plenary Session Scott Cook, Intuit: Creating ‘Game Changing’ Innovation - Room: 517ABC p.28
CHI Madness - Room: 517ABC p.28

517 ABC

Monday April 24

8:30 – 10:30
16:30 – 18:00

16:30 – 18:00

27

Monday Morning

8:30 – 10:30
OPENING PLENARY SESSIONROOM 517ABC

Creating ‘Game-Changing’ Innovation
Scott Cook, co-founder, Intuit, USA
What role does the customer play in your innovation process?
What role do you play in fostering innovation in yourwork? Hear ﬁrst-hand from Scott Cook, co-founder of Intuit,
about Intuit’s philosophy of Customer-Driven Innovationand how you can drive innovation in your work group,business, or community to create breakthrough products
and offerings. Scott will describe how Intuit’s unwavering
focus on the customer has led to the creation of such wildly
popular products as Quicken, QuickBooks, and TurboTax andtransformed the way people manage their business andﬁnancial lives.
[PRESENTER BIO] Scott Cook co-founded Intuit Inc. in 1983 andnow serves as executive committee chairman. Before
founding Intuit, Mr. Cook managed consulting assignments inbanking and technology for Bain & Co., a corporate strategy
consulting ﬁrm. He previously served Procter & Gamble invarious marketing positions, including brand manager, forfour years. Mr. Cook is a board member of eBay; Procter &Gamble; the Asia Foundation; the Harvard Business School
Dean’s Advisory Board; the Center for Brand and ProductManagement at the University of Wisconsin;
and the Intuit Scholarship Foundation. He earned an MBA
degree from Harvard University and received a bachelor’s
degree in economics and mathematics from the University ofSouthern California.

CHI Madness
Confused about what to do next? Too many options for you
to choose from? We end this session with CHI Madness. The
presenters in many of today’s sessions will have one minuteeach to tell you what’s exciting about their presentation. It’s
fast paced; it’s fun; sometimes it’s even funny.
Join us Tuesday, Wednesday, and Thursday morning at 8:30
for that day’s Madness, led by Patrick Baudisch of Microsoft,USA.

28
CHI 2006 MONTRÉALCONFERENCE ON HUMAN FACTORS IN COMPUTING SYSTEMSMonday Mid-morning
PANEL

11:30-13:00

ROOM 517ABC

Usability from the CIO’s Perspective[PAPER]

OrthoZoom Scroller: 1D Multi-Scale Navigation

Caroline Appert, Université Paris-Sud, France
Jean-Daniel Fekete, INRIA Futurs, France[PANELISTS]

James A. Euchner (moderator), Pitney Bowes, USA
Tod Thompson, JetBlue Airways, USA
Keith McGarr, Reed-Elsevier, USA
Ron Blitstein, Improve Technology Advisors, LLC, USA
Jim Roche, The Research Board, USA
CIOs are frustrated with the ﬁeld success of their systems.
HCI professionals are frustrated with the marginalizationof usability in systems development. This panel of CIOs
will consider strategies and techniques used to balance theapparently competing challenges of faster/better/cheapersystems and the expense of developing highly usable
systems.

We introduce and evaluate OrthoZoom Scroller, a mousebased multi-scale 1D scrolling and pointing technique that
performs about twice better than the only other mousebased multi-scale technique.

PAPERSROOM 516C

Mobile Surﬁng and Effects of Wearables[SESSION CHAIR]

Thad Starner, Georgia Institute of Technology,

USA
Minimap—A Web Page Visualization Method for
Mobile Phones[PAPER]

PAPERSROOM 511ABDENavigation, USA[SESSION CHAIR] George Furnas, University of Michigan

Faster Document Navigation with Space-Filling
Thumbnails[PAPER]

Andy Cockburn, University of Canterbury, NZCarl Gutwin, University of Saskatchewan, Canada
Jason Alexander, University of Canterbury, NZ
Describes the Space-Filling Thumbnails interface fordocument navigation, which replaces scrolling with pageselection from a thumbnail matrix. Evaluations show large
performance advantages over scrolling across various
document types and lengths.
[PAPER] An Evaluation of Pan&Zoom and Rubber Sheet
Navigation with and without an Overview

Dmitry Nekrasovski, Adam Bodnar, Joanna McGrenere,
University of British Columbia, Canada
François Guimbretière, University of Maryland, USA
Tamara Munzner, University of British Columbia, Canada
A comparison of Pan&Zoom navigation to a Focus+Context
technique, both with and without an overview. Pan&Zoom isfound to be signiﬁcantly faster, while presence of overview
improves user satisfaction.

Virpi Roto, Andrei Popescu, Nokia, Finland
Antti Koivisto, Nokia, USA
Elina Vartiainen, Nokia, Finland
We have developed a modeless web page visualization
method for mobile phones. In a long-term usability study,
18 out of 20 participants preferred this Minimap method to astate-of-the-art method.
[PAPER] An Examination of the Effects of a Wearable Display
on Informal Face-to-Face Communication

Gerard McAtamney, Yell Com, Scotland
Caroline Parker, Glasgow Caledonian University, Scotland
Presents ﬁndings of a study exploring impact of a wearable
display on face-to-face conversation. Demonstrates need for
careful design of wearable displays to avoid negative social
impact.
[CHI NOTE] Time Based Patterns in Mobile-Internet Surﬁng

Martin Halvey, Mark T. Keane, Barry Smyth, University
College Dublin, Ireland
Describes data analyses of mobile web surﬁng behavior as
a function of time and subject. Offers predictive temporalmodels that improve the design and experience of web
personalization.

29
W W W.CHI2006.ORG

CHI 2006 MONTRÉALMonday Mid-morning, continued
PAPERS

11:30-13:00
ROOM 516AB[PAPER]ROOM 510ABCD

Privacy 1

Games[SESSION CHAIR]

PAPERS

Cliff Lampe, Michigan State University, USA

Wayne Lutters, University of Maryland,
Baltimore County, USA[SESSION CHAIR]

Peekaboom: A Game for Locating Objects in Images

Luis von Ahn, Ruoran Liu, Manuel Blum, Carnegie Mellon
University, USA
Introduces an online interactive system that is an enjoyable
game for locating objects in images. By playing, thousandsof people have constructed a large database for training
computer vision algorithms.
Representation of Interwoven Surfaces
in 2-1/2 D Drawing[PAPER]

Keith Wiley, Lance R. Williams, University of New Mexico,USA
Describes Druid, a novel drawing program which permits theconstruction of scenes of interwoven surfaces. In addition,
Druid’s user interface possesses affordances that areisomorphic to those of physical surfaces.
[CHI NOTE] Verbosity: A Game for Collecting CommonSense Facts

Luis von Ahn, Mihir Kedia, Manuel Blum, Carnegie Mellon
University, USA
Introduces an online interactive system in the form of agame that collects veriﬁed and structured common-sense
knowledge. Enables builders of intelligent applications tocollect large fact databases more easily.
[CHI NOTE] Improving Accessibility of the Web with a
Computer Game

Luis von Ahn, Shiry Ginosar, Mihir Kedia, Ruoran Liu,
Manuel Blum, Carnegie Mellon University, USA
Presents a game that is an online interactive system in whichpeople, as a side effect of playing, enter explanatory image
captions. Enables improved web accessibility through wider
captioning.

[PAPER] Evaluating Interfaces for Privacy Policy Rule
Authoring

Clare-Marie Karat, John Karat, Carolyn Brodie, IBM, USA
Jinjuan Feng,Towson University, USA
Presents design and evaluation of privacy policy ruleauthoring approaches in ﬁeld and laboratory settings.
Presents empirical work done in support of the design ofprivacy enabling technology.
[PAPER] Putting People in Their Place: An Anonymous andPrivacy-Sensitive Approach to Collecting Sensed Data in
Location-Based Applications

Karen P. Tang, Pedram Keyani, James Fogarty, Jason I.
Hong, Carnegie Mellon University, USA
Presents a privacy risk analysis of hitchhiking, a new
approach to end-user privacy in location-based applications.
Hitchhiking is location-centric, using mobile devices to collectsensed information from locations people visit.
[CHI NOTE]

Advancing Ambiguity

Kirsten Boehner, Jeffrey T. Hancock, Cornell University, USA
Examines the use of ambiguity as a resource for personalcommunication systems by overturning primary
assumptions. Proposes guidelines for designers andevaluators in reconceptualizing ambiguity in everyday
interactions.
[CHI NOTE] Girls, Technology, and Privacy: Is My Mother
Listening?

Wendy March, Intel, USA
Constance Fleuriot, Featherhouse, UK
Describes the results of research with teenage girls tounderstand privacy practices supported by technology.
Provides examples of the use of photoblogs as a tool forgathering research data.

30
CHI 2006 MONTRÉALCONFERENCE ON HUMAN FACTORS IN COMPUTING SYSTEMSMonday Mid-morning, continued
INTERACTIVITY

11:30-13:00
ROOM 516DE

Listen!: Voice Interfaces[SESSION CHAIR]

Rafael Ballagas, RWTH Aachen University,

EXPERIENCE REPORTS

Usability Evaluations: Challenges andSolutions
Janice Rohn, World Savings Bank, USA

Germany[SESSION CHAIR]

Feedback Management in the Pronunciation Training System
ARTUR

No IM Please, We’re Testing

Olov Engwall, Olle Bälter, Anne-Marie Öster, Hedvig
Kjellström, KTH, Sweden
Presents a software system to help people with speaking
disabilities or foreign speakers improve pronunciation.
Provides varying levels of auditory and visual feedback
based on user performance, progress and mood.

ROOM 511CF

Richard P. Boardman, Google, USA
The author surveyed usability moderators and observers
about their experiences using instant messaging tocommunicate between interview and observation rooms.
Observers were more positive than moderators, who found
distraction an issue.
Inﬂuences of Personal Preference on Product Usability

Enhancing Interactivity in Webcasts Using VoIP
Ronald Baecker, Melanie Baran, Jeremy Birnholtz, Clarence
Chan, Joe Laszlo, Kelly Rankin, Russ Schick, Peter Wolf,
University of Toronto, Canada
Demonstrates a system that combines webcast-style audio/
video streaming and voice-over-IP audioconferencing for
remote or distributed presentations. Discusses the positive
user impact of this combination when used for e-Learning.

Shinyoung Park, University of Tsukuba, Japan
Akira Harada, Sapporo City University, Japan
Hiroya Igarashi, University of Tsukuba, JapanThe authors describe a comparative experiment using theNASA-TLX workload assessment tool that demonstrated
lower mental/physical demands on participants whenusing products they preferred. Brand image perceptions
inﬂuenced participants’ subjective evaluations of usability.

VoiceCode: An Innovative Speech Interface for ProgrammingBy-Voice
Alain Désilets, National Research Council of Canada, Canada
David C. Fox, Nuance, USA
Stuart Norton, University of California, Santa Cruz, USA
Describes a tool that uses speech recognition to dictate andnavigate source code. May allow programmers with RSI towrite code by voice instead of using mouse and keyboard.

SIG

ROOM 515C

International Usability Evaluation: Issues
and Strategies[ORGANIZERS]

Emilie W. Gould, Acadia University, Canada
Aaron Marcus, Aaron Marcus and Associates, USA
Apala Lahiri Chavan, Human Factors International, India
Huatong (Hannah) Sun, Grand Valley State University, USA
In this SIG, practitioners will discuss challenges they faced inselecting and customizing methods for international usability
design. Facilitators and then participants will contributeexperiences, case studies, and helpful multicultural contacts.

31
W W W.CHI2006.ORG

CHI 2006 MONTRÉALMonday Afternoon
PANEL

14:30-16:00
ROOM 517ABC

Managing International User Research[PANELISTS]

Alexandra Mack (moderator), Pitney Bowes, USA
Susan M. Dray, Dray and Associates, USA
Patrick Larvie, Yahoo!, USA
Tracey Lovejoy, Microsoft, USA
Girish Prabhu, Intel, USA
Christian Sturm, Arolis, Germany
Many corporate researchers spend a great deal of their time
traveling the globe to meet and study consumers, whileothers look to partner with other researchers or outsource
the work entirely. This panel will explore these diverse
approaches, how and why choices are made, the issues
and challenges faced, and lessons learned based on pastexperiences.

[PAPER] Participatory Design in Emergency Medical Service:
Designing for Future PracticeMargit Kristensen, Morten Kyng, University of Aarhus,
Denmark
Leysia Palen, University of Aarhus & University of Colorado,
Boulder, Denmark & USA
Results of a participatory design process for emergency
medical service address future practice and challenges ofdesigning for major incidents

PAPERSROOM 516C

Interaction Techniques: Haptic and Gestural[SESSION CHAIR]

Kori Inkpen, Dalhousie University, Canada[PAPER] A Role for Haptics in Mobile Interaction: Initial
Design Using a Handheld Tactile Display Prototype

PAPERSROOM 511ABDEParticipatory Design[SESSION CHAIR]

Michael Muller, IBM, USA[PAPER] “LINC-ing” the Family: The Participatory Designof an Inkable Family Calendar

Carman Neustaedter, University of Calgary, Canada
A.J. Bernheim Brush, Microsoft, USA
Describes the participatory design of an inkable family
calendar for the home in an effort to address family
coordination problems. Presents key implications for thedesign of family coordination systems.
[PAPER] Participatory Design with Proxies: Developing a
Desktop-PDA System to Support People with Aphasia

Jordan L. Boyd-Graber, Sonya S. Nikolova, Princeton
University, USA
Karyn A. Moffatt, University of British Columbia, Canada
Kenrick C. Kin, Joshua Y. Lee, Lester W. Mackey, Princeton
University, USA
Marilyn M. Tremaine, Rutgers University, USA
Maria M. Klawe, Princeton University, USA
A novel system to aid people with aphasia was developed
via participatory design with therapists as surrogates forthe primary audience and highlights the unique information
gleaned from ethnographic interviewing.

Joseph Luk, University of British Columbia, Canada
Jérôme Pasquero, McGill University, Canada
Shannon Little, Karon MacLean, University of British
Columbia, Canada
Vincent Lévesque, Vincent Hayward, McGill University,
CanadaDescribes principled process applying haptics to mobileinteraction needs, including scenarios, a new device and its
perceptual characterization. Provides insight into appropriate
mappings between technology and application roles.
[PAPER] The Springboard: Multiple Modes in One SpringLoaded Control

Ken Hinckley, Microsoft, USA
François Guimbretière, University of Maryland, USA
Patrick Baudisch, Raman Sarin, Maneesh Agrawala, Ed
Cutrell, Microsoft, USA
Contributes Springboard technique and experiment that
underscores why it is difﬁcult to design local marking menus
that can beat round-trips to a tool palette at the edge of thescreen.
[PAPER] The GlobeFish and the GlobeMouse: Two New Six
Degree of Freedom Input Devices for Graphics Applications

Bernd Froehlich, Jan Hochstrate, Verena Skuk, Anke
Huckauf, Bauhaus-Universitaet Weimar, Germany
Describes two new 6-DOF input devices for graphics
applications and a user study. The devices are shown toperform better than the SpaceMouse and subjective data
conﬁrms these results.

32
CHI 2006 MONTRÉALCONFERENCE ON HUMAN FACTORS IN COMPUTING SYSTEMSMonday Afternoon, continued
PAPERS

14:30-16:00
ROOM 516AB

Activity & Usability: Design Implications[SESSION CHAIR]

Bonnie Nardi, University of California, Irvine,

PAPERSROOM 510ABCD

Social Computing 1[SESSION CHAIR]

Elizabeth Churchill, PARC, USA

USA[PAPER]

Making Action Visible inTime-Critical Work[PAPER]

Jonas Landgren, Viktoria Institute & Göteborg University
SwedenEthnographic accounts of time-critical physical work. Design
implications for making verbal communication persistent
to provide accountability. Inspiration for designers andpractitioners of systems and applications for time-criticalsettings.

Dogear: Social Bookmarking in the EnterpriseDavid R. Millen, Jonathan Feinberg, Bernard Kerr, IBM, USA
Describes an enterprise social bookmarking service (dogear),
supporting shared and non-anonymous bookmarking forinternet and intranet sources. Design approach and results
will beneﬁt designers of related kinds of social software.
[PAPER]

Increasing User Decision Accuracy Using Suggestions

Pearl Pu, Paolo Viappiani, Boi Faltings, EPFL, Switzerland

Support for Activity-Based Computing in a Personal
Computing Operating System

Proposes novel strategies for improving the accuracy andusability of example-based recommender systems andevaluates their performance on user studies.

Jakob Bardram, Jonathan Bunde-Pedersen, Mads Soegaard,
University of Aarhus, Denmark[PAPER][PAPER]

Presents the design, implementation, and evaluation ofactivity-based computing support embedded in Windows XP.
Enables users to handle multiple parallel activities which canmove between different computers.
[PAPER] Share and Share Alike: Exploring the User Interface
Affordances of File Sharing

Co-Authoring with Structured Annotations

Qixing Zheng, Kellogg Booth, Joanna McGrenere, Universityof British Columbia, Canada
Describes a comprehensive taxonomy of structured
annotations for collaborative authoring based onrequirements derived from a ﬁeld investigation. Structured
annotations improve speed and accuracy and thereby
improve reviewing workﬂow.

Stephen Voida, W. Keith Edwards, Georgia Institute ofTechnology, USA
Mark W. Newman, PARC, USA
Rebecca E. Grinter, Georgia Institute of Technology, USA
Nicolas Ducheneaut, PARC, USA
Describes a typology of sharing technologies and presents a
new user interface for ﬁle sharing. Informs the design of ﬁlesharing mechanisms that more closely match users’ actual
sharing practices.

33
W W W.CHI2006.ORG

CHI 2006 MONTRÉALMonday Afternoon, continued
INTERACTIVITY

14:30-16:00
ROOM 516DE

PDAs, Space Invaders, and Chickens: Mobility
and Collaboration[SESSION CHAIR]

SIG

ROOM 515C

Testing Interactive Software: a Challenge for
Usability and Reliability

Jan Borchers, RWTH Aachen University,

Germany
Age Invaders: Social and Physical Inter-Generational FamilyEntertainment
Eng Tat Khoo, Shang Ping Lee, Adrian David Cheok,
Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
Sameera Kodagoda, University of Moratuwa, Sri Lanka
Yu Zhou, Gin Siong Toh, Nanyang Technological University,
Singapore[ORGANIZERS]

Philippe Palanque, University Toulouse, France
Regina Bernhaupt, Universität Salzburg, Austria
Ronald Boring, Idaho National Laboratory, USA
Chris Johnson, University of Glasgow, Scotland
This SIG provides a forum for researchers and practitioners
interested in testing interactive software. Our goal is todeﬁne a roadmap of activities to cross fertilize usability andreliability testing.

Proposes a game in which children play with their
grandparents while parents participate remotely over the net.
Suggests a way to close generational gaps in society andconnect distributed families.
mSpace Mobile: a UI Gestalt to Support On-the-Go InfoInteraction
Max Wilson, Daniel A. Smith, Alistair Russel, m c schraefel,
University of Southampton, UK
Demonstrates seven interaction techniques for mobile
devices built around a focus+context viewer that rearranges
web content. Enables users on the move to rapidly search
information and explore compound query results.
Poultry.Internet: A Remote Human-Pet Interaction System
Keng Soon Teh, Shang Ping Lee, Adrian David Cheok,
Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
Presents a system that forwards touch information froma doll to a distant pet wearing a jacket, and feeds backpet movements. Allows humans to connect to their pets
remotely.

34
CHI 2006 MONTRÉALCONFERENCE ON HUMAN FACTORS IN COMPUTING SYSTEMSMonday Late Afternoon

16:30-18:00

INVITED RESEARCH OVERVIEWPAPERSROOM 517ABC

Large Display Research[SESSION CHAIR]

Judith S. Olson, University of Michigan, USA

ROOM 511ABDEEnd User Programming
Mary Beth Rosson, The Pennsylvania State
University, USA[SESSION CHAIR]

Mary Czerwinski, Microsoft, USA
Our early user studies documenting the increased
productivity gained through the use of large displays
allowed us to observe quite quickly that Windows andcurrent applications do not scale well when vast amountsof screen real estate are available. Our group therefore set
about iteratively designing software tools, based on real user
problems, to support large-scale navigation and interaction.
To ensure our software user interfaces provided value, we
ran user studies against existing features and performeduser-centered design. This talk will provide an overview
of the prototypes we designed, and our methodology. In
addition, I will discuss a few areas of long-term basic
research on information visualization and interaction,and our attempts to scale the user experience across the
spectrum of large and smaller displays.
[PRESENTER BIO] Mary Czerwinski is a Senior Researcher andManager of the Visualization and Interaction Researchgroup at Microsoft Research. The group is responsible
for studying and designing advanced technology andinteraction techniques that leverage human capabilities
across a wide variety of input and output channels. Mary’s
primary research areas include spatial cognition, information
visualization and task switching. Mary has been an afﬁliate
assistant professor at the Department of Psychology,
University of Washington since 1996. More information about
Dr. Czerwinski can be found at
http://research.microsoft.com/users/marycz.

[PAPER] Tinkering and Gender in End-User Programmers’

Debugging
Laura Beckwith, Cory Kissinger, Margaret Burnett, Oregon
State University, USA
Susan Wiedenbeck, Drexel University, USA
Joseph Lawrance, Oregon State University, USA
Alan Blackwell, University of Cambridge, UK
Curtis Cook, Oregon State University, USA
Investigates males’ and females’ tinkering (feature‘playfulness’) in end-user debugging environments. Our
results show that tinkering, reﬂection, and self-efﬁcacy
combine to impact debugging effectiveness differently foreach gender.
[PAPER] An Evaluation of Using Programming by
Demonstration and Guided Walkthrough Techniquesfor Authoring and Utilizing Documentation

Madhu Prabaker, Carnegie Mellon University, USA
Lawrence Bergman, Vittorio Castelli, IBM, USA
Describes and evaluates combining programming-bydemonstration and guided walkthrough techniques to create
live documentation. Enables more efﬁcient and accurate
creation and consumption of documentation than traditional
tools.
[PAPER] Providing Support for Adaptive Scripting in an
On-Line Collaborative Learning Environment

Gahgene Gweon, Carolyn Rose, Regan Carey, Zachary Zaiss,
Carnegie Mellon University, USA
Provides motivation and support for exploring issues related
to structuring productive group dynamics in collaborative
e-learning environment. The authors experimentally
evaluate mechanisms for enhancing collaborative learninginteractions.

35
W W W.CHI2006.ORG

CHI 2006 MONTRÉALMonday Late Afternoon, continued
PAPERS

16:30-18:00
ROOM 516C

Personal Information Management
William Newman, Microsoft & University
College London, UK[SESSION CHAIR]

Fast, Flexible Filtering with Phlat - Personal
Search and Organization Made Easy
[PAPER]

PAPERSROOM 516AB

Multidisplay Environments[SESSION CHAIR]

Dan Horn, Army Research Institute, USA[PAPER] Perspective Cursor: Perspective-Based Interaction for
Multi-Display Environments

Edward Cutrell, Daniel Robbins, Susan Dumais, Raman
Sarin, Microsoft, USA

Miguel A. Nacenta, Samer Sallam, Bernard Champoux,
Sriram Subramanian, Carl Gutwin, University of
Saskatchewan, Canada

We describe the design and deployment of a new UI for
searching personal information. The interface encourages
fast, intuitive query iteration and includes a uniﬁed tagging
system for personal content.

We present Perspective Cursor, a technique that uses
a mouse and the user’s perspective for multi-display
interaction. We show through a user study that Perspective
Cursor is better than existing alternatives.

[PAPER] To Have and to Hold: Exploring the Personal Archive[PAPER]

Joseph ‘Joﬁsh’ Kaye, Janet Vertesi, Shari Avery, Allan
Dafoe, Shay David, Lisa Onaga, Cornell University, USA
Ivan Rosero, Amazon.com, USA
Trevor Pinch, Cornell University, USA

Pourang Irani, University of Manitoba, Canada
Carl Gutwin, University of Saskatchewan, Canada
Xing Dong Yang, University of Alberta, Canada

Improving Selection of Off-Screen Targets with
Hopping

Describes a study of 48 academics’ personal archives,
highlights their rationales behind archiving: ‘ﬁnding it later’,legacy, sharing, confronting fears, identity construction.
Describes how this affects archive structure and function.

Introduces Hop, a technique for selecting off-screen targets
that combines halos and proxies. A study showed that
hopping is faster than either zooming or panning, and isstrongly preferred[CHI NOTE] The Project Fragmentation Problem in Personal
Information Management[PAPER] Effects of Display Position and Control Space
Orientation on User Preference and Performance

Ofer Bergman, Tel Aviv University, Israel
Ruth Beyth-Marom, The Open University of Israel, Israel
Raﬁ Nachmias, Tel Aviv University, Israel

Daniel Wigdor, University of Toronto & Mitsubishi ElectricResearch Labs, Canada & USA
Chia Shen, Clifton Forlines, Mitsubishi Electric ResearchLabs, USA
Ravin Balakrishnan, University of Toronto, CanadaThis study sheds light on the Project Fragmentation Problem- the separation of project-related documents, emails, andweb favorites into different collections. A new solution ispresented to improve usability.
[CHI NOTE]

Peripheral Display of Digital Handwritten Notes

Gary Hsieh, Carnegie Mellon University, USA
Kenneth Wood, Abigail Sellen, Microsoft, UK

Two experiments that explore the impact of display spaceposition and input control space orientation on users’
subjective preference and objective performance. Provide
guidelines as to optimal display placement and control
orientation in collaborative computing environments with
one or more shared displays.

Describes the development and initial testing of a peripheral
display supporting digital handwritten notes. Guides
designers in balancing serendipity with the costs of ambient
display.

36
CHI 2006 MONTRÉALCONFERENCE ON HUMAN FACTORS IN COMPUTING SYSTEMSMonday Late Afternoon, continued

16:30-18:00

PAPERSTokyo Youth at Leisure: Towards the Design of Media to
Support Leisure Planning and Practice

ROOM 510ABCD

Managing Voice Input[SESSION CHAIR]

Diane Schiano, Ame Elliot, Victoria Bellotti, PARC, USA

Paul Aoki, PARC, USA[PAPER] The Beneﬁts of Augmenting Telephone Voice Menu
Navigation with Visual Browsing and Search

Min Yin, Shumin Zhai, IBM, USA
A set of experiments demonstrating that telephone voicemenu navigation can be signiﬁcantly improved with a visualchannel augmentation, resulting in both human performance
improvement and user experience satisfaction.
[PAPER] Time is of the Essence: An Evaluation of
Temporal Compression Algorithms

Simon Tucker, Steve Whittaker, Shefﬁeld University, UK
We evaluate novel techniques for accessing speechrecordings, developing a new evaluation method. Users
prefer and perform better with excision that removes
unimportant speech, than with standard speedup techniques.
[PAPER]

Error Correction of Voicemail Transcripts in SCANMailMoira Burke, Carnegie Mellon University, USA
Brian Amento, Philip Isenhour, AT&T Labs, USA
Describes a system that generates text transcripts ofvoicemail messages, and an empirical evaluation oftranscript error correction. Users can skim, archive, andretrieve voicemail transcripts from mobile devices.

A large project explored leisure practices and resources—
including mobile phones and other media—of Tokyo young
adults. Findings will help inform the design of future leisuresupport technologies.
RoomBugs: Simulating Insect Infestations in ElementaryClassrooms Using Commodity Hardware
Michael Barron, Tom Moher, University of Illinois, Chicago,
USA
Jeff Maharry, Galileo Scholastic Academy of Mathematics
and Science, USA
This paper examines the creation of an embedded simulation
inside a classroom. Using minimal instrumentation we
attempt to create a rich environment useful for student
scientiﬁc observation and manipulation.
The Orbital Browser: Composing Ubicomp Services Using
Only Rotation and Selection
Nicolas Ducheneaut, Trevor F. Smith, James ‘Bo’ Begole,
Mark W. Newman, PARC, USA
Chris Beckmann, University of California, Berkeley, USA
Presents the design of a novel user interface to control large
networks of devices using only two operations: rotation andselection.
Quill: A Narrative-Based Interface for Personal Document
Retrievalalt.chi

ROOM 516DE

Design is Fun and People are Great[SESSION CHAIR]

Sidney Fels, University of British Columbia,

CanadaDaniel Gonçalves, Joaquim A. Jorge, Instituto Superior
Técnico, Portugal
We present a novel interaction paradigm, narrative-based
interfaces, usable for information retrieval. We describe theQuill system: soundly designed, based on user studies, it
uses narratives to retrieve personal documents.

A New Playground Experience: Going Digital?
Susanne Seitinger, Elisabeth Sylvan, Oren Zuckerman,
Marko Popovic, Orit Zuckerman, MIT, USA
Explores the beneﬁts and drawbacks of integrating digitaltechnologies into outdoor playgrounds. Presents new
prototypes, a participatory design process, and ﬁeld
observations. Frames future HCI work on computationallyenhanced playgrounds.

37
W W W.CHI2006.ORG

CHI 2006 MONTRÉALMonday Late Afternoon, continued
EXPERIENCE REPORTS

16:30-18:00

ROOM 511CF

Design Representations
Kristina Höök, Swedish Institute of Computer
Science, Sweden[SESSION CHAIR]

Growing Bloom: Design of a Visualization of Project
Evolution
Bernard Kerr, Li-Te Cheng, IBM, USA
Timothy Sweeney, Carnegie Mellon University, USA
Bloom Diagram is a tool to visualize the evolution ofindividual participants’ code and comment contributions toopen source software projects. The design blends techniquessuch as concentric pie charts, animation, motion trails, andsocial proxies to produce a compact presentation of the large
scale dynamics around software development.
Scalability in System Management GUIs: A Designer’s
NightmareAndreas Dieberger, Eser Kandogan, Cheryl A. Kieliszewski,
IBM, USA
Designing effective interactions and representations of large
systems with intricate relationships among components is
a formidable challenge. The presented approach addresses
these challenges by extensive use of semantic zooming andprogressive information disclosure.

SIG

ROOM 515C

Producing Human-Centered, UsabilitySensitive, and HCI-Competent Managers,
CIOs, and CEOs
[ORGANIZER]

Ping Zhang, Syracuse University, USA
Taking a collaborative and multi-disciplinary perspective,
we discuss issues and opportunities in college education sothat our future managers, CIOs, and CEOs are inherently andintrinsically human-centered, usability-sensitive, and HCIcompetent.

38
CHI 2006 MONTRÉALCONFERENCE ON HUMAN FACTORS IN COMPUTING SYSTEMSMonday Courses
COURSE 2

ROOM 513CD

COURSE 7

ROOM 514ABC

An Introduction to Designing for the Scent ofInformation
11:30 – 13:00

Top 10 Field Interview Mistakes:
Recognizing and Preventing Them
11:30 – 13:00

Jared M. Spool, User Interface Engineering, USA

Karen Holtzblatt, InContext Enterprises, USA
Shelley Wood, InContext Enterprises, USA

Using the results of hundreds of usability tests, we will show
you how users follow a scent trail and the different ways
your design could be blocking scent.
[INTENDED AUDIENCE] Web Designers & Usability Practitioners[INTENDED AUDIENCE] No speciﬁc background is required. It is[PRESENTATION STYLE] Lecture

appropriate for all roles.

[FEATURES]* What is the scent of information?
* What does scent look like when it works?
* What does scent look like when it doesn’t work?
* Common scent blockers* Optimal link length* Three types of graphics* The design process for scent* Measuring scent with user conﬁdence

COURSE 5

Tested techniques for getting the most out of user interviews,
giving you tools for improving your skills that you can also
use as a framework for assisting others in your organization.

[PRESENTATION STYLE] Lecture and group discussion[FEATURES]

Attendees will learn:* The top mistakes that lead to ineffective ﬁeld interviews* Interview styles to be avoided, such as ‘Court Reporter’ and‘Police Interrogator’* Techniques for avoiding mistakes and how to takecorrective steps when mistakes occur

ROOM 513EF

Web Bloopers: Avoiding Common
Web Design Mistakes
11:30 – 18:00
Jeff Johnson, UI Wizards, Inc., USA

The web is not commercial product quality, largely due topoor usability. This class explains how to avoid common web
design mistakes, illustrated with examples from real websites.
[INTENDED AUDIENCE] Web designers and developers, mainly

those lacking experience designing and evaluating websites
and web applications. Also: Web Q/A engineers, usability
testers, and managers.
[PRESENTATION STYLE] Lecture, blooper-spotting quizzes, blooper-

correction exercises, and website-review exercises.

COURSE 9

ROOM 513AB

Faceted Metadata for Information
Architecture and Search
11:30 – 16:00
Marti Hearst, University of California, Berkeley, USA
Preston Smalley, eBay, USA

Learn the advantages of and strategies for using faceted
metadata for integrating browsing and search of large
information collections. Examples are drawn from formal
studies and results of real-world applications.
[INTENDED AUDIENCE] The intended audience is usability

professionals, especially information architects.
[PRESENTATION STYLE] Instruction will consist of lectures, case

[FEATURES]

studies, and in-class discussion.

* Common bloopers, organized into types: Content, TaskSupport, Navigation, Form, Search, Text & Writing, Link
Presentation, and Graphic & Layout.
* Uses real web examples.
* Explains how to avoid each blooper. Includes exercises inwhich participants:– Spot bloopers– Correct bloopers– Review live websites for bloopers and discuss how to
avoid them.

Attendees will learn:* The advantages of and strategies for using faceted
metadata for integrated browsing and search of large
information collections.
* Examples drawn from both formal studies and from realworld application* Emphasis on interface design issues.

W W W.CHI2006.ORG[FEATURES]39
CHI 2006 MONTRÉALMonday Courses, continued
COURSE 3

ROOM 513CD

COURSE 4

ROOM 513CD

Designing for the Scent of Information:
Advanced Concepts
14:30 – 16:00

The Goldilocks Content Framework:
What Users Want
16:30 – 18:00

Christine Perfetti, User Interface Engineering, USA

Jared M. Spool, User Interface Engineering, USA

An in-depth look at the ﬁve types of navigation and the three
predictors of failure found in UIE’s advanced research of the
Scent of Information.

A research-based framework that explains the content
users are seeking. You’ll see how different approaches toinformation architecture, site navigation, layout, and content
affect the success of your users.

[INTENDED AUDIENCE] Web Designers & Usability Practitioners[INTENDED AUDIENCE] Web Designers & Usability Practitioners[PRESENTATION STYLE] Lecture[PRESENTATION STYLE] Lecture[FEATURES]* Five types of navigation pages* The role of trigger words* Three predictors of failed scent* Three types of navigation approaches* Most effective use of screen real estate

COURSE 8[FEATURES]* Novice vs. expert knowledge* The knowledge gap* Tool knowledge vs. domain knowledge* Designing for tool knowledge* Challenges of fomain knowledge* The Goldilocks research project* The Goldilocks content framework
ROOM 514ABC

Building Afﬁnity Diagrams to Reveal User
Needs and Engage Developers
14:30 – 16:00
Karen Holtzblatt, InContext Enterprises, USA
Shelley Wood, InContext Enterprises, USA

How to build afﬁnity diagrams that reveal design
implications—not just organize user data—and then leveragethem as communication tools that stakeholders pay
attention to.
[INTENDED AUDIENCE] No speciﬁc background is required.
[PRESENTATION STYLE] Lecture, group discussion, exercises[FEATURES]

Attendees will learn how to:* Use inductive reasoning to create data groupings and write
labels that reveal insights* Run afﬁnity building sessions and drive to completion* Use the afﬁnity to generate design ideas and identify holes
for future inquiry* Leverage the afﬁnity as a communication tool

COURSE 6

ROOM 513AB

An Exercise in the Politics of Usability: TestYour Skills
16:30 – 18:00
Rolf Molich, DialogDesign, Denmark

A fun and realistic exercise to gauge your strengths in
the area of usability politics—speciﬁc, practical actions topromote usability in an organization.
[INTENDED AUDIENCE] Usability professionals at all levels whowant to increase their political impact in their organization.
[PRESENTATION STYLE] 1. Participants study a business casepresented by the instructor, propose actions and discussthem with other participants. 2. Discussion of the instructor’ssuggested solution, which is based on discussions withmany experienced usability professionals. 3. Participants
compare themselves anonymously to their peers.
[FEATURES]* A thorough discussion of a carefully researched,hypothetical but highly realistic political usability businesscase (scenario).
* Practical and efﬁcient actions to promote usability in acommercial or public organization.

40
CHI 2006 MONTRÉALCONFERENCE ON HUMAN FACTORS IN COMPUTING SYSTEMSNotes41
W W W.CHI2006.ORG

CHI 2006 MONTRÉAL

Notes42
CHI 2006 MONTRÉALCONFERENCE ON HUMAN FACTORS IN COMPUTING SYSTEMS517 C

511 ABDE

516 C

516 AB

510 ABCD

11:30 – 13:00

W W W.CHI2006.ORG

14:30 – 16:00

PapersCHI 2006 MONTRÉAL

p. 16

Commons Open:
08:00 – 20:00

Papersalt.chip. 13, 14, 15, 89

Artists:
Music,
Dance,& Painting
p. 50

p. 14

NOTES

Usability in
the Wildp. 54

Experience
Reports

Real-World
DesignSolutionsp. 51

End to End
Designp. 47

Experience
Reports

Interactivity Experience
Reports
Meet theMobile iTV
p. 47

Job Fair
18:00 – 20:00

It's a Small
World After
All
p. 53

p. 12, 14, 15, 100

Media
p. 53

PapersDesign:Creative &Historical
Perspectives
p. 50

Papers

Focus on Posters Including
Student Design Competition
10:30 – 11:30

COMMONS

Securityp. 52

PapersInformation
Handling
p. 48

PapersDesigning for
TangibleInteractions
p. 46

Exhibits,
Interactivity
10:30 – 18:00

Agile
Automatic
DevelopGeneration &ment:
Usability
Opportunityp. 52
or Fad?
p. 52

Panel

Panel

Visualization& Search
p. 49

PapersPapersGames &
Performances
p. 46

PapersUnderstanding Programs& Interfaces
p. 46

511 CF

Designing
Environments
for Outdoors
Gaming& Playp. 54

SIG

Assessing &Improving
Information
Usability
p. 51

SIG

Rhetoric &Argumentation
p. 47

SIG

515 C

Course 10513 EFThe Usability UnderstandEngineering ing Users inContext:
Lifecycle
An In-Depth
Introduction
to Fieldwork

Course 13

513 CD

RePositioning
User
Experience
as a Strategic
Process

Course 11

514 ABC

Course 12515 AB

Usability
Personal& Product
Information
DevelopManagement
ment:
in Theory &A Usability
Practice
Course forManagement

Course 14

513 ABDay at a Glance

14:30 – 16:00

ServiceInnovation &Designp. 52

PapersText Input
p. 48

Panel

Building
User Value
into theBusiness
Case
p. 48

Panel

Managing
Deviant
Behavior in
OnlineCommunities
p. 48

PapersInteraction
Methods
p. 45

Panel

Institutionalizing HCI:
What DoI-Schools
Offer?
p. 45

Panel

Putting
Personas
to Work
p. 45

SIG

516 DE

9:00 – 10:30 Plenary Panel: Expert Design Critique: XBOX 360 - Room: 517AB p.44

8:30 CHI Madness - Room: 517AB p.44

517 AB

Tuesday April 25

11:30 – 13:00
16:30 – 18:00

16:30 – 18:00

43

Tuesday Morning

8:30-10:30
ROOM 517AB

CHI Madness
8:30 – 9:00
[SESSION CHAIR]

Patrick Baudisch, Microsoft, USA

Join us again for the session that will tell you what’s what
and where to go. Presenters for today’s sessions will again
have less than a minute each to entice you to their session.

PANEL

ROOM 517AB

Expert Design Critique: Xbox 360
9:00 – 10:30[PANELISTS]

Russ Glaser (moderator), Microsoft, USA
Paolo Malabuyo, Microsoft, USA
Duan Evans, AKQA, UK
Peter Boatwright, Carnegie Mellon University, USA
Nicole Lazzaro, XEODesign, USA
Maxime Beland, Ubisoft, Canada
Scott Berkun, ScottBerkun.com, USA
Get a behind the scenes look into the actual process used tosolve design problems behind the creation of the Xbox 360
and hear expert critique of the process and results.

44
CHI 2006 MONTRÉALCONFERENCE ON HUMAN FACTORS IN COMPUTING SYSTEMSTuesday Mid-morning

11:30-13:00

PANEL

PAPERSROOM 517AB

ROOM 511ABDEInteraction Methods

Putting Personas to Work[SESSION CHAIR]

Shumin Zhai, IBM, USA[PANELISTS]

Tamara Adlin (moderator), Adlin, Inc., USA
John Pruitt, Microsoft, USA
Kim Goodwin, Cooper, USA
Colin Hynes, Staples, USA
Karen McGrane, Avenue A / Razorﬁsh, USA
Aviva Rosenstein, Yahoo! Inc., USA
Michael Muller, IBM, USA

symSpline: Symmetric Two-Handed Spline
Manipulation[PAPER]

Celine Latulipe, Stephen Mann, Craig S. Kaplan, Charlie L.A.
Clarke, University of Waterloo, CanadaThis panel brings together professionals who have usedpersonas to solve real business problems.

PANEL

ROOM 517C

Institutionalizing HCI:
What Do I-Schools Offer?
[PANELISTS]John M. Carroll, The Pennsylvania State University, USA
Paul Dourish, University of California, Irvine, USA
Batya Friedman, University of Washington, USA
Masaaki Kurosu, Graduate University for Advanced Studies,Japan
Gary M. Olson, University of Michigan, USA
Alistair Sutcliffe, University of Manchester, UK
I-schools (schools of information, of informatics, of
information studies, and of information sciences) haveemerged as a new academic home for university programsin HCI. This panel will discuss the signiﬁcance of i-schools,
the trajectory of HCI within i-schools, and the role the CHI
community can play in this development.

This paper describes a new interaction technique formanipulating splines that uses dual mice and dual cursors.
An experiment shows that symSpline outperforms othertechniques in a spline matching task.
[PAPER] Effects of Feedback, Mobility, and Index of Difﬁcultyon Deictic Spatial Audio Target Acquisition in the Horizontal
Plane

Georgios N. Marentakis, Stephen A. Brewster, University ofGlasgow, Scotland
Deictic acquisition of feedback marked 3D-audio targets
is effective in standing and mobile situations without
increasing workload, users maintaining 73% of their walking
speed. Mobility degrades interaction performance by 20%.
[CHI NOTE] Prototyping Retractable String-Based Interaction
Techniques for Dual-Display Mobile Devices

Gabor Blasko, Columbia University, USA
Chandra Narayanaswami, IBM, USA
Steven Feiner, Columbia University, USA
Introduces a novel interaction method based on retractablestrings with embedded linear displays. Provides end-users
and designers with an expressive but mechanically simple
I/O method for small devices.
[CHI NOTE] Enhancing Human-Machine Interactions: VirtualInterface Alteration Through Wearable Computers

Alexandre Plouznikoff, Nicolas Plouznikoff, Jean-Marc
Robert, Michel Desmarais, École Polytechnique deMontréal, Canada
Presents a system enabling the virtual augmentation of realworld appliance interfaces. Provides designers with a meansof helping end-users to navigate appliance interfaces more
efﬁciently.

45
W W W.CHI2006.ORG

CHI 2006 MONTRÉALTuesday Mid-morning, continued
PAPERS

11:30-13:00
ROOM 516C

Understanding Programs and Interfaces[SESSION CHAIR]

Ronald Baecker, University of Toronto,

Canada[PAPER]

Evaluating a Fisheye View of Source Code

Mikkel R. Jakobsen, Kasper Hornbæk, University of
Copenhagen, Denmark
Describes a ﬁsheye view for supporting programmers’navigation and understanding based on both syntactic andsematic relations in programs. The ﬁsheye view signicantly
improves task completion times and satisfaction.
[PAPER] Barista: An Implementation Framework for Enabling
New Tools, Interaction Techniques, and Views in Code Editors

Andrew J. Ko, Brad A. Myers, Carnegie Mellon University,
USA
Toolkit that enables the creation of structured code editorswith visualizations, annotations and alternative views
embedded in code. Helps editor designers explore new tools
not possible with textual code editors.

[PAPER] Interweaving Mobile Games
With Everyday Life

Marek Bell, Matthew Chalmers, Louise Barkhuus, Malcolm
Hall, Scott Sherwood, Paul Tennent, Barry Brown,
University of Glasgow, Scotland
Duncan Rowland, University of Lincoln, UK
Steve Benford, Alastair Hampshire, University of
Nottingham, UK
The ﬁrst detailed study of a mobile multiplayer game,showing how people ﬁt it into their everyday lives and took
advantage of the game’s exposure of ubicomp infrastructure.
[PAPER] Designing for the Opportunities and Risks of Staging
Digital Experiences in Public Settings

Steve Benford, Andy Crabtree, Stuart Reeves, University of
Nottingham, UK
Jennifer Sheridan, Alan Dix, Lancaster University, UK
Martin Flintham, Adam Drozd, University of Nottingham, UK
Studying a touring mixed-reality performance reveals how
designers exploit opportunities and manage risks associatedwith blurring the boundaries of public interaction, inspiring
proposals for extending design frameworks for spectator
interfaces.

[PAPER] Answering Why and Why Not Questions in User
Interfaces

Brad A. Myers, David A. Weitzman, Andrew J. Ko, Duen H.
Chau, Carnegie Mellon University, USA
The new ‘Why’ interaction techniques can signiﬁcantly help
people understand what their user interfaces are doing,increasing learning, productivity, etc.

PAPERSROOM 516AB

Games and Performances[SESSION CHAIR]

Dennis Wixon, Microsoft, USA[PAPER] Alone Together? Exploring the Social Dynamics
of Massively Multiplayer Online Games

Nicolas Ducheneaut, PARC, USA
Nicholas Yee, Stanford University, USA
Eric Nickell, Robert J. Moore, PARC, USA
Reports on longitudinal analysis of play and grouping
patterns in one of the largest massively multiplayer online
games. Offers guidelines for the design of future games andonline social spaces.

PAPERSROOM 510ABCD

Designing for Tangible Interactions[SESSION CHAIR]

Wendy Mackay, INRIA, France[PAPER] Getting a Grip on Tangible Interaction: A Framework
on Physical Space and Social Interaction

Eva Hornecker, University of Sussex, UK
Jacob Buur, MCI & University of Southern Denmark,Denmark
We introduce a framework that contributes to understanding
the (social) user experience of tangible interaction andprovides concepts aiding analysis and design.
[PAPER] Finding Design Qualities in a Tangible
Programming Space

Ylva Fernaeus, Jakob Tholander, Stockholm University,
SwedenThrough experimental designs we contribute to theunderstanding of the design of tangible programming tools
for children. We speciﬁcally address how to support children’s
collaborative construction of screen-based systems.

46
CHI 2006 MONTRÉALCONFERENCE ON HUMAN FACTORS IN COMPUTING SYSTEMSTuesday Mid-morning, continued

11:30-13:00[PAPER] Design Requirements for Technologies that Encourage
Physical Activity

Theatre as an Intermediary between Users and CHI
Designers

Sunny Consolvo, Intel & University of Washington, USA
Katherine Everitt, University of Washington, USA
Ian Smith, Intel, USA
James Landay, Intel & University of Washington, USA

Alan F. Newell, M. E. Morgan, Peter Morgan, Alex
Carmichael, University of Dundee, Scotland

Presents design requirements for technology to encourage
physical activity and ﬁtness derived from an in situ pilot
study. Can prevent designers and developers fromoverlooking key elements of ﬁtness-enabling technologies.

Through a theatre, including professional actors,
scriptwriters and artistic directors, it is possible to do
requirements gathering, usability testing, and communicate
the results of such work to the design community, or
individual designers.
Phases of Use: A Means to Identify Factors that Inﬂuence
Product Utilization

SIG

ROOM 516DE

Mobile iTV: New Challenges for the Design ofPervasive Multimedia Systems[ORGANIZERS]

Anxo Cereijo Roibás, University of Brighton, UK
David Geerts, Licia Calvi, Centre for Usability Research,
Belgium
Akseli Anttila, Nokia, Finland
Owen Daly-Jones, Serco Usability Services, UKThis SIG will stimulate informal debate around the futuresof interfaces for pervasive multimedia systems such as
mobile and ubiquitous iTV with special attention to the newcontextual usage of this media in entertainment, work, andgovernment contexts.

EXPERIENCE REPORTS

ROOM 511CF

End-to-End Design[SESSION CHAIR]

Thea Turner, FXPAL, USA

The Experience Engineering Framework Applied in Two
Contexts

Karin den Bouwmeester, Edward Bosma, Océ Technologies,
Netherlands
A very easy to use product that exactly ﬁts the tasks of theusers is no guarantee that the product will be a success. The
users must be aware of the product, be seduced to try it,learn the product, and change their behaviour to imbed the
product in their daily lives.

SIG

ROOM 515C

How Can Rhetoric and Argumentation HelpUs Make the Case for UCD?
[ORGANIZERS]

Colleen Pettit Jones, Nick Sabadosh, Cingular Wireless, USA
Susan J. Robinson, Centers for Disease Control andPrevention, USA
David Bishop, MAYA Design, Inc., USA
Sanjay Koyani, U.S. Department of Health and Human
Services, USA
This SIG will explore how rhetoric and argumentation canhelp advance the case for UCD on organizational and projectlevels in various contexts and organizations.

Rick Spencer, Monty Hammontree, Donna Wallace,Microsoft, USA
Analysis of existing User-centered Design methods revealed
an underlying common framework consisting of threecomponents and three principles. It is named the Experience
Engineering Framework (EEF) and two applications of EEF
are discussed.

47
W W W.CHI2006.ORG

CHI 2006 MONTRÉALTuesday Afternoon
PANEL

14:30-16:00
ROOM 517AB

Managing Deviant Behavior in Online
Communities[PANELISTS]

Amy Bruckman, Georgia Institute of Technology, USA
Catalina Danis, IBM, USA
Cliff Lampe, Michigan State University, USA
Janet Sternberg, Fordham University, USA
Chris Waldron, Cartoon Network New Media, USA
How do designers of online communication systems
decide what kind of conduct is acceptable? How arethese expectations communicated to members? How candesigners help prevent and manage deviant behavior? What
are the implications of corporate control of content for ideals
of free expression? The panel will explore current issues inthis complex research area.

PANEL

ROOM 517C

Building User Value into the Business Case
[PANELISTS]

PAPERSROOM 511ABDE

Text Input[SESSION CHAIR][CHI NOTE]

Yves Guiard, University of Marseilles, France

An Intuitive Text Input Method for Touch Wheels

Morten Proschowsky, Nette Schultz, Technical University ofDenmark, Denmark
Niels Ebbe Jacobsen, Nokia, Denmark
This paper introduces a method for using language
knowledge to improve text entry speed. The method istransparent for the user and does not require any extra userinteraction.
[CHI NOTE] A New Error Metric for Text Entry Method
Evaluation

Jun Gong, Peter Tarasewich, Northeastern University, USA
Describes a new metric for text entry error analysis that uses
the complete keypress input stream. Can assist designers
in better understanding how users input text using a given
interface.
[CHI NOTE] Text Entry Using a Dual Joystick Game Controller

Austin Henderson (moderator), Pitney Bowes, USA
Monty Hammontree, Microsoft, USA
Patrik Heuman, Sony Ericsson, USA

Andrew D. Wilson, Microsoft, USA
Maneesh Agrawala, Microsoft and University of California,
Berkeley, USA

Product managers with experience in making user-centeredbusiness cases will discuss the practical realities of building
effective business cases, the role of user value in thosecases, and what HCI professionals can do to help productmanagers make mutually satisfying business cases.

Presents a new bimanual text entry technique designed fortoday’s dual-joystick game controllers. The technique isreadily learnable and provides strong performance beneﬁts
over traditional onscreen selection keyboards.
[CHI NOTE] Few-Key Text Entry Revisited: Mnemonic Gestures
on Four Keys

Jacob Wobbrock, Brad Myers, Brandon Rothrock, Carnegie
Mellon University, USA
Presents a gestural text entry method that uses only fourkeys, and compares it to predominant few-key methods. Has
implications for mobile device design, mobile text entry, andwearable computing.
[PAPER] Trackball Text Entry for People with Motor
Impairments

Jacob Wobbrock, Brad Myers, Carnegie Mellon University,
USA
Presents a novel text entry method designed speciﬁcallyfor trackballs. Helps motor-impaired users to enter text withmnemonic, Roman-like gestures signiﬁcantly faster than with
on-screen keyboards.
48
CHI 2006 MONTRÉALCONFERENCE ON HUMAN FACTORS IN COMPUTING SYSTEMSTuesday Afternoon, continued
PAPERS

14:30-16:00
ROOM 516C

Visualization and Search[SESSION CHAIR]

Ed Cutrell, Microsoft, USA[PAPER] The Effect of Speech Recognition

Accuracy Rates on the Usefulness and Usabilityof Webcast Archives
Cosmin Munteanu, Ronald Baecker, Gerald Penn, Universityof Toronto, Canada
Elaine Toms, Dalhousie University, Canada
David James, University of Toronto, Canada
Study investigating on effects of the accuracy of transcripts
obtained through speech recognition on webcast archives’usefulness and usability. Can assist designers in enhancing
webcast interfaces by integrating text transcripts.
Visual Search and Reading Tasks Using ClearType andRegular Displays: Two Experiments[PAPER]

Andrew Dillon, Lisa Kleinman, Gil Ok Choi, Randolph Bias,
University of Texas, Austin, USA
Two experiments tested reading of digital documents with
ClearType display enhancement. Contributes to readability
research by demonstrating speed improvements for different
ways users work online (scanning versus reading formeaning).

PAPERSROOM 516AB

Information Handling[SESSION CHAIR]

Stu Card, PARC, US[PAPER] Mobile Phones and Paper Documents: Evaluating A
New Approach for Capturing Microﬁnance Data in Rural India

Tapan S. Parikh, Paul Javid, University of Washington, USA
Sasi K. Kumar, ekgaon technologies, India
Kaushik Ghosh, Human Factors India, India
Kentaro Toyama, Microsoft, India
Description and evaluation of a novel mobile interface forcollecting data from rural microﬁnance groups in India.
Demonstrates that mobile phones, with an appropriate UI,
are viable for rural computing.
[PAPER] Handling Documents and Discriminating Objects in
Hybrid Spaces

Paul Luff, Christian Heath, King’s College London, UK
Hideaki Kuzuoka, University of Tsukuba, Japan
Keiichi Yamazaki, Saitama University, JapanJun Yamashita, University of Tsukuba, Japan
This paper suggests implications for the design ofcollaborative systems such as enhanced video-mediatedcommunication systems and for the understanding of the
conduct to be supported by such technologies.

[CHI NOTE] Using Hybrid Networks for the Analysis of Online
Software Development Communities[PAPER] ButterﬂyNet: A Mobile Capture and Access System for
Field Biology Research

Yevgeniy “Eugene” Medynskiy, Cornell University, USA
Nicolas Ducheneaut, PARC, USA
Ayman Farahat, PricewaterhouseCoopers, Inc., USA

Ron Yeh, Stanford University, USA
Chunyuan Liao, University of Maryland, USA
Scott Klemmer, Stanford University, USA
François Guimbretière, University of Maryland, USA

Describes method for visualizing heterogeneus networks ofusers, digital artifacts, and relationships, integrating multiple
data sources. Supports analysts of role and work patterns in
online communities.
[CHI NOTE]

Visualization of Large Hierarchical Data by Circle

Packing
Weixin Wang, Hui Wang, Guozhong Dai, Hongan Wang,
Chinese Academy of Sciences, China

Brian Lee, Boyko Kakaradov, Jeannie Stamberger, Andreas
Paepcke, Stanford University, USA
Introduces techniques for enriching ﬁeld biologists’ paper
notes through automatic capture, correlation with other data
sources, and transformation. Reports on current practice,system implementation, and evaluation with ﬁeld biologists.

Describes a novel approach for tree visualization using
nested circles. Offers widget designers an alternative totree-maps with improved visual properties (aspect ratio andhierarchy).

49
W W W.CHI2006.ORG

CHI 2006 MONTRÉALTuesday Afternoon, continued
PAPERS

14:30-16:00
ROOM 510ABCD

Design: Creative and Historical Perspectives[SESSION CHAIR][PAPER]

Jodi Forlizzi, Carnegie Mellon University, USA

INTERACTIVITY

ROOM 516DE

Meet the Artists: Music, Dance, and Painting
Elaine Huang, Georgia Institute ofTechnology, USA[SESSION CHAIR]

Dispelling “Design” as the Black Art

of CHI

Magic Asian Art

Tracee Vetting Wolf, IBM, USA
Jennifer A. Rode, University of California, Irvine, USA
Jeremy Sussman, Wendy A. Kellogg, IBM, USA

Eunkwang Park, Byeongsoo Kim, William Salim, AdrianDavid Cheok, Nanyang Technological University,
Singapore

This paper differentiates creative design from user centered
design. A key contribution of this work is an example
providing a framework to CHI.

Presents a system that lets viewers of a painting inﬂuence its
contents dynamically, using gaze tracking, object movement
models, and Asian-style rendering. Can make art viewing amore interactive experience.

[PAPER] Interaction in Creative Tasks: Ideation, Representation,
and Evaluation in Composition

Tim Coughlan, Peter Johnson, University of Bath, UK
Identiﬁes key factors in the individual and collaborative
creative processes of composers, describes the design of a
support tool, considers the application of this knowledge tosupporting other creative activities.
[PAPER]

Implications for Design

Paul Dourish, University of California, Irvine, USA
Provides an alternative account of the value of ethnographic
work based on historical and conceptual exploration of
ethnographic practice. Helps practitioners, researchers,
and reviewers assess ethnographic studies and theircontributions.

iSymphony: An Adaptive Interactive Orchestral Conducting
System for Digital Audio and Video Streams
Eric Lee, Henning Kiel, Saskia Dedenbach, Ingo Gruell,Thorsten Karrer, Marius Wolf, Jan Borchers, RWTH
Aachen University, Germany
Presents an interactive exhibit that recognizes different
conducting gestures and time-stretches a digital recording
accordingly in real time. Lets users conduct audio-visualorchestral recordings while adapting to their skill level.
Virtual Rap Dancer: Invitation to Dance
Dennis Reidsma, Anton Nijholt, Ronald Poppe, Rutger
Rienks, Hendri Hondorp, University of Twente,
Netherlands
Presents a system that displays a virtual avatar dancing to
the beat of incoming music or human dance movements.
Uses captured styles of various rap dancers to generate its
moves.

50
CHI 2006 MONTRÉALCONFERENCE ON HUMAN FACTORS IN COMPUTING SYSTEMSTuesday Afternoon, continued
EXPERIENCE REPORTS

14:30-16:00
ROOM 511CF

Real-World Design Solutions[SESSION CHAIR]

Jim Miller, Miramontes Computing, USA

Café Life in the Digital Age: Augmenting Information Flow ina Café-Work-Entertainment Space
Elizabeth F. Churchill, Les Nelson, PARC, USA
Gary Hsieh, Carnegie Mellon University, USA
In this paper we describe our installation of a large-screen
public, interactive community board, the eyeCanvas, in aneighbourhood café and art gallery in San Francisco.
The Design of a Tangible Interaction Device to Alleviate
Anxiety and Pain in Paediatric Burns Patients
Sam Bucolo, ACID, Australia
Roy Kimble, Jonathan Mott, Royal Children’s Hospital,
Australia
This paper presents a case study of the design of a unique
tangible media device to alleviate anxiety and pain in
paediatric burns patients.
Use of Keyboard for Mouseless Data Entry in UI Design
Rachel M. Nilsson, Sam J. Racine, Unisys Corporation, USA
In the airline industry, mouseless operation is a standard
form of user interface design. The presented design solution
relies on a particular conﬁguration of commands mapped to
speciﬁc keys of the keyboard.

SIG

ROOM 515C

Current Issues in Assessing and Improving
Information Usability[ORGANIZERS]

Stephanie Rosenbaum, Tec-Ed, Inc., USA
Judith Ramey, University of Washington, USA
In this 16th annual forum on human factors of information
design, we address information usability issues fromthe facilitators’ list of topics, augmented by attendees’
suggestions. Five issues are selected by the group anddiscussed in depth.

51
W W W.CHI2006.ORG

CHI 2006 MONTRÉALTuesday Late Afternoon
PANEL

16:30-18:00[PAPER] Generating Automated Predictions of
Behavior Strategically Adapted to Speciﬁc Performance
Objectives

ROOM 517AB

Service Innovation and Design[PANELISTS]

Jeanette Blomberg, IBM, USA
Shelley Evenson, Carnegie Mellon University, USA
Ryan Armbruster, The Mayo Clinic, USA
Mark Jones, IDEO, USA
Mary Jo Bitner, Arizona State University, USA
Terry Winograd, Stanford University, USA
This panel introduces the CHI community to a growing areaof innovation and business development that leverages newtechnology platforms, namely service design. This topic is
explored through a series of case studies of service designin a diverse set of industries and contexts from healthcaredelivery to IT services.

Katherine Eng, NASA, USA
Richard L. Lewis, University of Michigan, USA
Irene Tollinger, NASA, USA
Alina Chu, University of Michigan, USA
Andrew Howes, Manchester University, UK
Alonso Vera, NASA, USA
Describes a novel modeling capability to generate multiple
predictions of strategic performance by manipulating an
objective function (speed / working memory load). Supports
affordable interface and procedure modeling for designers.
[PAPER] Automated Summative Usability Studies: An
Empirical Evaluation

Ryan West, Katherine Lehman, SAS Institute, USA

PANELROOM 517C

Agile Development: Opportunity or Fad?

Empirical evaluation of a method for automating summative
usability studies and conducting them remotely. Offers
practitioners an affordable way to conduct summative
studies remotely and describes the trade-offs compared tomanual lab testing.

[PANELISTS]

Helen Sharp, The Open University, UK
Robert Biddle, Carleton University, Canada
Philip D. Gray, University of Glasgow, Scotland
Lynn Miller, Alias, Canada
Jeff Patton, Thoughtworks, USA
Agile development, e.g., eXtreme Programming (XP), is anapproach to software engineering that explicitly champions
an active role for the customer. This panel explores whether
agile development provides an opportunity to integrate
software engineering and HCI and overcome problems
encountered with more traditional development processes.

PAPERSROOM 511ABDE

Automatic Generation and Usability[SESSION CHAIR]

PAPERSROOM 516C

Security[SESSION CHAIR]

Batya Friedman, University of Washington,

USA[PAPER]

Why Phishing Works

Rachna Dhamija, Harvard University, USA
J. D. Tygar, Marti Hearst, University of California, Berkeley,
USA
This paper provides the ﬁrst empirical evidence aboutphishing strategies that successfully deceive users. To design
systems that protect users from fraudulent websites, wemust understand how users are deceived.

Erik Nilsen, Lewis & Clark University, USA[PAPER] UNIFORM: Automatically Generating Consistent
Remote Control User Interfaces

Jeffrey Nichols, Brad Myers, Brandon Rothrock, Carnegie
Mellon University, USA
This paper describes UNIFORM, the ﬁrst system toautomatically generate consistent remote control userinterfaces from models of appliances that are guaranteed not
to be consistent.

[PAPER] Secrecy, Flagging, and Paranoia: Adoption Criteria in
Encrypted EmailShirley Gaw, Edward W. Felten, Patricia Fernandez-Kelly,
Princeton University, USA
Qualitative study analyzing why encrypted e-mail has failed
to gain popularity and demonstrating how social norms
affect adoption. Can assist designers incorporate social
context in secure e-mail clients.

52
CHI 2006 MONTRÉALCONFERENCE ON HUMAN FACTORS IN COMPUTING SYSTEMSTuesday Late Afternoon, continued[PAPER] Do Security Toolbars Actually Prevent Phishing
Attacks?

Min Wu, Robert C. Miller, Simson L. Garﬁnkel, MIT, USA
User study showing that security toolbars are not effectiveat preventing people from being tricked by fake websites.
Can assist in developing usable software to protect people’s
online identity.

PAPERSROOM 516AB

Media[SESSION CHAIR]

16:30-18:00
alt.chi

ROOM 510ABCD

It’s a Small World After All[SESSION CHAIR]

Joseph ‘Joﬁsh’ Kaye, Cornell University, USA

Snapshots from a Study of Context Photography
Maria Håkansson, Sara Ljungblad, Lalya Gaye, Lars Erik
Holmquist, Viktoria Institute, Sweden
Presents a user study of a novel camera application, in which
contextual movement and sound visually affect the picture.
Shows how photography can be extended beyond theanalogue metaphor.

Bill Gaver, Royal College of Art, UK
TinyMotion: Camera Phone Based Interaction Methods[PAPER]

Olfoto: Designing a Smell-Based Interaction

Stephen Brewster, David McGookin, Christopher Miller,
University of Glasgow, Scotland
Study looking at the use of smell to evoke memories tohelp recall of digital photos. Can help designers use smell
effectively and users to search for images more efﬁciently.

Jingtao Wang, John F. Canny, University of California,
Berkeley, USA
This paper presents TinyMotion, a pure software approachthat detects the movements of cellphones in real time byanalyzing image sequences captured by the built-in camera.
Virtual Information Piles for Small Screen Devices[PAPER] Personal vs. Commercial Content: The Similarities
Between Consumer Use of Photos and Music

QianYing Wang, Tony Tsieh, Meredith Ringel Morris,
Andreas Paepcke, Stanford University, USA

Frank Bentley, Crysta Metcalf, Gunnar Harboe, Motorola
Labs, USA

We present our design and implementation of the Piles
Across Space system. This facility breaks through the screen
real-estate barrier that PDAs impose on their applications.

Our work explores similarities between consumer use ofmusic and photos based on two separate ethnographic
studies. This work contributes new insights for applications
that manage and share digital content.
[CHI NOTE] The Television Will Be Revolutionized: Effects of
PVRs and Filesharing on Television Watching

Barry Brown, Louise Barkhuus, University of Glasgow,
ScotlandPresents the ﬁrst study of the effects of personal video
recorders (PVR) and ﬁlesharing on TV watching. Illustrates
the changing ‘media lifecycle’ of TV and new designconcepts.

Z-agon: Mobile Multi-Display Browser Cube
Takashi Matsumoto, Daisuke Horiguchi, Shihori Nakashima,
Naohito Okude, Keio University, Japan
Based on research of user needs and user interaction, a
cubic multi-display device named Z-agon was envisioned asa packaged design of the hardware, tangible interface andcontents.
CarCOACH: A Polite and Effective Driving CoachErnesto Arroyo, Shawn Sullivan, Ted Selker, MIT, USA
Experiment evaluating an in-vehicle driving advisor using
controlled feedback and continuous feedback (positive andnegative). Can assist designers in deciding what type of
feedback works best for guidance systems.

53
W W W.CHI2006.ORG

CHI 2006 MONTRÉALTuesday Late Afternoon, continued

16:30-18:00

EXPERIENCE REPORTS

SIG

ROOM 511CF

Usability in the Wild
[SESSION CHAIR]

Gary Marsden, University of Cape Town,

ROOM 515C

Designing Interactive Environments for
Outdoors Gaming and Play

South Africa[ORGANIZERS]Web Tool for Health Insurance Design by Small Groups:
Usability Study
Laurie Kantner, Tec-Ed, Inc., USA
Marion Danis, National Institutes of Health, USA
Susan Dorr Goold, Mike Nowak, Lesa Monroe-Gatrell,
University of Michigan, USA
The authors describe iterative usability evaluation of a
web-based collaborative health insurance beneﬁts planningapplication, which was developed by the U.S. National
Institutes of Health and the University of Michigan.

Oren Zuckerman, MIT, USA
Narcis Pares, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Spain
Steve Benford, University of Nottingham, UK
Henrik Hautop Lund, University of Southern Denmark,DenmarkIn this SIG we want to discuss the key points in the designof an outdoor interactive environment, including interaction
techniques, appropriate technologies, usage patterns,
robustness, and safety.

Applying Contextual Design to ERP System Implementation
Inka Vilpola, Kaisa Våånånen-Vainio-Mattila, Taru Salmimaa,
Institute of Human-Centered Technology, Finland
Enterprise resource planning systems (ERP) affect the daily
work of millions of users. Applying Contextual Design
introduces the missing user-centered approach in ERP
implementations and improves the system success.
Making Oracle Behave
Soﬁe Vanophem, Kris Vanstappen, The Human Interface
Group, Belgium
The authors describe how usability consultants worked
with developers using Oracle Designer to build an ERP tool
for temporary agencies, creating a custom user interface
for 7,000 end-users familiar with Windows, not Oracle
applications.

54
CHI 2006 MONTRÉALCONFERENCE ON HUMAN FACTORS IN COMPUTING SYSTEMSTuesday Courses
COURSE 13

ROOM 513CD

The Usability Engineering Lifecycle
9:00 – 18:00

course. It will be useful for beginners in ﬁeldwork, as wellas those with some experience who want to broaden theirknowledge of approaches.
[PRESENTATION STYLE] Lecture, group discussion, and small

Deborah J. Mayhew, Deborah J. Mayhew & Associates, USA

group hands-on exercises[FEATURES]

In this course you will obtain an overview of a highly
structured but adaptable engineering process for designinghigh quality user interfaces to traditional and web-based
software applications.
[INTENDED AUDIENCE] Managers, developers, designers, andusability engineers in both traditional software development
and web development organizations. The course is at an
introductory level.
[PRESENTATION STYLE] Lecture materials will provide an overview
of The Usability Engineering Lifecycle. ‘War stories’ andconcrete examples, one detailed case study that runs
throughout the course and audience discussion will augment
the lecture materials.

* Learn how ﬁeld research complements other UserCentered Design (UCD) techniques* Learn what it takes to make ﬁeldwork more than just‘anecdote collecting’* Learn ﬁne points of four data-gathering techniques– Naturalistic Observation– Contextual Inquiry– Artifact Walkthroughs– Naturalistic Usability Evaluation* Learn when and how to apply these methods to usercentered design* Identify next steps for data analysis

COURSE 11[FEATURES]* Setting the stage by applying usability requirements
analysis techniques* Extracting usability goals from requirements analysis data
* Applying a structured top-down approach to user interface
design* Applying iterative evaluation techniques to validate
designs* Integrating ‘The Usability Engineering Lifecycle’ into anunderlying software development methodology* Applying ‘The Usability Engineering Lifecycle’ to web
development projects

ROOM 514AB

Re-Positioning User Experience as a Strategic
Process
9:00 – 18:00
Liam Friedland, SAP, USA
Jon Innes, Intuit, USA

This course covers the operational, organizational, andstrategic aspects that UX groups impact within productdevelopment companies. Course includes case studies
and exercises aimed at intermediate to advanced HCIpractitioners.
[INTENDED AUDIENCE] Course content includes case studies

COURSE 10

ROOM 513EF

Understanding Users in Context:
An In-Depth Introduction to Fieldwork
9:00 – 18:00
Susan M. Dray, David A. Siegel, Dray & Associates, Inc., USA

Getting into ﬁeld research? Learn key skills and approaches
for observational ﬁeld studies, and about the many issues
that must be addressed in planning and carrying out ﬁeld
research.
[INTENDED AUDIENCE] This hands-on session is aimed atpractitioners doing, planning, and leading ﬁeld research,
including developers, designers, and managers who areresponsible for user experience or user requirements
identiﬁcation. This is an introductory to intermediate level

W W W.CHI2006.ORG

and group exercises aimed at intermediate to advanced
practitioners with HCI experience in corporate settings, ormanagers charged with championing user-centered design
processes.
[FEATURES]

This course covers the operational, organizational, andstrategic aspects that UX groups can and should impact
within product development companies. Attendees willlearn:* A framework for thinking about UX as a strategic businessprocess* The difference between operational, tactical, and strategic
activities* How resources, processes, and values impact designorganizations* How UX is uniquely positioned to help organizations
survive strategic inﬂection points* To articulate the rationale for UX as a must-havecompetence
CHI 2006 MONTRÉAL

55

Tuesday Courses, continued
COURSE 14

ROOM 513AB

COURSE 12

ROOM 515AB

Usability and Product Development:
A Usability Course for Management
9:00 – 18:00

Personal Information Management in Theory
and Practice
9:00 – 18:00

Jon Meads, Usability Architects, Inc., USA

William Jones, University of Washington, USA
Jacek Gwizdka, Rutgers University, USA

A management course on integrating usability into productdevelopment: why usability is non-trivial, the value of andwhen to use various techniques, and the issues and concerns
for successful integration.
[INTENDED AUDIENCE] Managers with responsibility forThis highly interactive, general-audience course provides an
overview of personal information management (PIM) both as
a ﬁeld of inquiry and as an activity that each of us performs
every day.

integrating usability engineering into the productdevelopment process. No previous knowledge of usability
engineering is assumed.

[INTENDED AUDIENCE] The course is designed for a general[PRESENTATION STYLE] A lecture presentation interspersed withattendee discussion[FEATURES][FEATURES]* Explains why usability is difﬁcult to achieve and why
usability engineering is needed;* Description of the usability engineering lifecycle and its
relationship to the product development lifecycle;* Reviews the major usability engineering techniques, theirvalue, and use;
* Explains how usability engineering can be justiﬁed by ROI
and strategic advantage.

audience and provides a highly interactive combination of
lectures, exercises, and group discussions.
Attendees will gain an understanding for:* PIM and its key activities.
* The history and current state of PIM research anddevelopment (R&D)* How PIM relates to human-computer interaction (HCI).
* How to assess individual practices of PIM* How to map from key activities and fundamental problemsof PIM to the design and evaluation of supporting tools
and strategies.
* How new directions in R&D will likely impact PIM over the
next 10 years.

56
CHI 2006 MONTRÉALCONFERENCE ON HUMAN FACTORS IN COMPUTING SYSTEMSNotes57
W W W.CHI2006.ORG

CHI 2006 MONTRÉAL

Notes58
CHI 2006 MONTRÉALCONFERENCE ON HUMAN FACTORS IN COMPUTING SYSTEMS517 C

511 ABDE

516 C

516 AB

510 ABCD

516 DE

511 CF

11:30 – 13:00

W W W.CHI2006.ORG

Panel

Panel

14:30 – 16:00

End-User
Programmingp. 67

Research
Overview

CHI 2006 MONTRÉAL

p. 16

Commons Open:
08:00 – 18:00

The Route to
the Sea for
User Valuep. 67

PapersPapersPapersTouch Me:
Haptics &Clothesp. 65

Interactivity

OnlineVisualization
Communities
2
p. 68
p. 69

PapersEveryday Useof Mobiles
p. 65

PapersSIG

p. 12, 14, 15, 100

p. 14, 15, 87

p. 15

p. 14

SIGCHI Member Meeting
Hospitality Events
Hyatt Regency Montréal
Room 511ABDE
18:30 – 20:30
18:10 – 19:30

The CHI
Education
Community
p. 69

SIG

The CHIManagement
Community
p. 66

SIG

The CHIEngineering
Community
p. 63

Exhibits,
Interactivity
10:30 – 18:00

HCI
Overviews 2
p. 69

HCI
Overviews

HCI
Overviews 1
p. 66

HCI
Overviews

Managing
Designp. 63

Experience
Reports

SPECIAL EVENTSThe CHI
DesignCommunity
p. 69

SIG

Visualization
1
p. 66

PapersStudent
PapersPapersDesignUsing
Collecting &Competition: Knowledge to
Editing
Final Round
Predict &Photosp. 62
Managep. 63
p. 62

Focus on Posters
10:30 – 11:30

Healthcarep. 68

PapersPen
p. 64

PapersSearch &Navigation:
Mobiles &
Audio
p. 62

COMMONS

Awareness &Presence
p. 67

PapersPrivacy 2
p. 64

PapersUbiquitous
Computing
p. 61

515 C

Course 17

515 ABNOTESThe Art of
Speaking:
Fundamentals for HCI
Professionals: Part 2
p. 71

Course 16

From
Analyzing
Designing for Web Design
Usability
Qualitative
User
for Usability
Testing toData from
Efficiency
p. 71
User
Field Studies
p. 71
Experience:p. 70
Tools for
Data
Collection &Analysisp. 70

Course 18

513 AB

Course 19

Course 20

514 ABC

The Art of
Speaking:
Fundamentals for HCI
Professionals: Part 1
p. 70

513 EF

Course 15

513 CDDay at a Glance

14:30 – 16:00

Panel

Does Think
DesignAloud Work? CommunicaHow Do We tion: How Do
Know?
You Get Your
p. 64
Point
Across?
p. 64

Panel

Integrating
Socially
Relevant
Projects into
HCI Teaching
p. 61

Panel

Why DoTagging
Systems
Work?
p. 61

9:00 – 10:30 Plenary Panel: Add a Dash of Interface: Taking Mash-Ups to the Next Level - Room 517AB p.61

8:30 CHI Madness - Room: 517AB p.60

517 AB

Wednesday April 26

11:30 – 13:00
16:30 – 18:00

16:30 – 18:00

59

Wednesday Morning

8:30-10:30

ROOM 517AB

CHI Madness
8:30 – 9:00
[SESSION CHAIR]

Patrick Baudisch, Microsoft, USA

Join us again for the session that will tell you what’s what
and where to go. Presenters for today’s sessions will again
have less than a minute each to entice you to their session.

PANEL

ROOM 517AB

Add a Dash of Interface:
Taking Mash-Ups to the Next Level
9:00 – 10:30[SESSION CHAIR]David Gilmore, Intel, USA[PANELISTS]

Ben Metcalfe, BBC, UK
Bret Taylor, Google, USA
Hart Rossman (discussant), SAIC, USA
Mash-ups traditionally consisted of the fusion of two or moredata sources to create a new proposition. Ben Metcalfe andBret Taylor will introduce how the remix community is goingto take mash-ups to the next level—by combing data sources
with your innovate interfaces to produce consumer-friendly
mash-ups. Find out why extendable interfaces and open
design patterns are a welcome addition to Web2.0 to thecommunity.
[PRESENTER BIOS] Ben Metcalfe is the Project Lead of

http://backstage.bbc.co.uk, the BBC’s developer network.
Before helping to create backstage, Ben was a software
engineer on the award winning BBC News website. He has
also been a member of the BBC’s New Media Accessibility
Working Group and is a strong advocate for user-centred
design processes. Ben blogs at http://benmetcalfe.com/blog/
Bret Taylor is the Product Manager for Google Maps. He
joined Google in early 2003 and has managed a numberof products, including Google Local, Google’s web search
infrastructure, and Search Quality. Prior to Google, Bret
worked as a software engineer at Reactivity, a startup
incubator in Silicon Valley. Bret holds an M.S. and B.S. in
Computer Science from Stanford University.

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CHI 2006 MONTRÉALCONFERENCE ON HUMAN FACTORS IN COMPUTING SYSTEMSWednesday Mid-morning 11:30-13:00
PANEL

ROOM 517AB

PAPERSROOM 511ABDE

Ubiquitous Computing

Why Do Tagging Systems Work?

[SESSION CHAIR]

Lars Erik Holmquist, Viktoria Institute, Sweden[PANELISTS]

George Furnas, University of Michigan, USA
Caterina Fake, Yahoo!, USA
Luis von Ahn, Carnegie Mellon University, USA
Joshua Schachter, del.icio.us, Inc., USA
Kevin Fox, Google, USA
Scott Golder, Hewlett-Packard Laboratories, USA
Marc Davis, Cameron Marlow, Mor Naaman, Yahoo!, USA
Web-based social tagging systems such as Del.icio.us andFlickr allow participants to annotate a particular resource,
such as a web page or an image, with a freely chosen setof keywords (‘tags’). As tagging systems grow in scale andpopularity, new challenges must be addressed in their design
and affordances.

[PAPER] Beyond Record and Play - Backpacks: Tangible
Modulators for Kinetic Behavior

Hayes Rafﬂe, Amanda Parkes, Hiroshi Ishii, Joshua Lifton,
MIT, USA
Backpacks are physical components that modulate
parameters of motion recordings in modular robotic
creations, extending the conceptual limits of record-andplay by making tangible some of the beneﬁts of symbolic
abstraction.
[PAPER] Embedded Phenomena: Supporting Science
Learning with Classroom-Sized
Distributed Simulations

Tom Moher, University of Illinois, Chicago, USA
PANELROOM 517C

Making a Difference: Integrating Socially
Relevant Projects into HCI Teaching[PANELISTS]

Ben Shneiderman, University of Maryland, USA
Batya Friedman, University of Washington, USA
Jonathan Lazar, Towson University, USA
Gary Marsden, University of Cape Town, South Africa
Cliff Nass, Stanford University, USA
Matt Jones, University of Swansea, UK
Ann Bishop, University of Illinois, USA
Leading human-computer interaction educators describe
how they enrich their courses with socially-relevant teamprojects that provide compelling opportunities for students
to improve their education and make socially beneﬁcial
contributions. These group projects can produce lifechanging experiences for students and give them excellent
portfolios when seeking employment.

Describes method and case studies extending ambient media
to represent simulated science phenomena in classrooms.
Can assist designers in development of classroom learning
environments and activities supporting science inquiry.
[CHI NOTE] TAP: Touch-And-Play

Duck Gun Park, Jin Kyung Kim, Jin Bong Sung, Jung Hwan
Hwang, Chang Hee Hyung, Sung Weon Kang, Electronics
and Telecommunications Research Institute, Republic of
Korea
Describes a system for controlling interaction between
intelligent devices using intra-body signaling. Provides
designers with a practical and intuitive means of creating ad
hoc device networks.

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Wednesday Mid-morning, continued

11:30-13:00

PAPERS

SPECIAL

ROOM 516C

Search and Navigation: Mobiles and Audio[SESSION CHAIR]

Stephen Brewster, University of Glasgow,

Student Design Competition[SESSION CHAIR]

Scotland[SESSION CHAIR]

A Large Scale Study of Wireless Search Behavior:
Google Mobile Search[JUDGES][PAPER]

Maryam Kamvar, Google & Columbia University, USA
Shumeet Baluja, Google & Carnegie Mellon University, USA
This is the ﬁrst large-scale study of mobile users’ searchbehavior. We hope this provides insight to facilitate aquantitative understanding of the needs and shortcomings ofwireless search interfaces.
[PAPER]

FaThumb: A Facet-Based Interface for Mobile

SearchAmy K. Karlson, University of Maryland, USA
George G. Robertson, Daniel C. Robbins, Mary Czerwinski,
Greg R. Smith, Microsoft, USA
A novel facet-based navigation technique is presented forsearching large datasets on mobile phones. Study resultscharacterize tasks for which the technique is most effective,
providing a better user experience.

Abhishek Ranjan, Ravin Balakrishnan, Mark Chignell,
University of Toronto, Canada
Contributes empirical data evaluating the value of texttranscripts, dichotic presentation, and time-compression inuser ability to search in audio streams. Results can guidedesign of audio access interfaces.

Elizabeth F. Churchill, PARC, USA
Steven Wall, University of Glasgow, Scotland

Kenton O’Hara, Hewlett-Packard, UK
Gilbert Cockton, University of Sunderland, UK
Wendy March, Intel, USA
Jamie Sanchez, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
Kori Inkpen, Dalhousie University, Canada
Rebecca E. Grinter, Georgia Institute of Technology, USA
This is the third and ﬁnal round of the CHI 2006 Student
Design Competition. This session offers the four ﬁnalist
student teams the opportunity to present their design
projects to CHI attendees. A panel of expert judges will
evaluate and score the projects on the basis of thispresentation, considering the design process as well as theﬁnal product.

PAPERSROOM 510ABCD

Using Knowledge to Predict and Manage[SESSION CHAIR][PAPER] Searching in Audio: The Utility of Transcripts, Dichotic
Presentation, and Time-Compression

ROOM 516AB

Joe Konstan, University of Minnesota, USA[PAPER] Responsiveness in Instant Messaging: Predictive
Models Supporting Inter-Personal Communication

Daniel Avrahami, Scott E. Hudson, Carnegie Mellon
University, USA
Describes the successful creation of statistical models thatare able to accurately predict users’ responsiveness toincoming instant messages, and in particular responsivenessto attempts at initiating a new session.
[PAPER] Leveraging Characteristics of Task Structure to Predict
the Cost of Interruption

Shamsi T. Iqbal, Brian P. Bailey, University of Illinois, USA
Contributes a model for predicting the cost of interruption(COI) at subtask boundaries. Systems can use it to predict a
more accurate COI, enabling effective decisions about when
to interrupt.
[PAPER]A Goal-Oriented Web Browser

Alexander Faaborg, Henry Lieberman, MIT, USA
Presents how large scale knowledge bases of semantic
information can be leveraged to expand the breadth andfunctionality of programming by ‘Example Systems’ and‘Data Detectors.’

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11:30-13:00

PAPERS

EXPERIENCE REPORTS

ROOM 516DE

Collecting and Editing Photos[SESSION CHAIR][PAPER]

Andreas Paepcke, Stanford University, USA

Understanding Photowork

David Kirk, University of Nottingham, UK
Abigail Sellen, Carsten Rother, Kenneth Wood, Microsoft,
UK

ROOM 511CF

Managing Design[SESSION CHAIR]

Austin Henderson, Pitney Bowes, USA

Managing International Usability Projects: Cooperative
Strategy
Lada Gorlenko, IBM, USA
Sven Krause, Foviance, UK

Field study of how users work with their home photocollections. Offers implications for software design and a
descriptive framework of realistic tasks against which newtools can be assessed.

Managing international usability teams using cooperative
strategy, particularly the setup and data analysis.

[PAPER] Gaze-Based Interaction for Semi-Automatic Photo
Cropping

Luke Kowalski, Jeremy Ashley, Misha Vaughan, Oracle, USA

Anthony Santella, Rutgers University, USA
Maneesh Agrawala, University of California, Berkeley, USA
Doug DeCarlo, Rutgers University, USA
David Salesin, Adobe Systems & University of Washington,
USA
Michael Cohen, Microsoft, USA
Presents a gaze-based interface allowing photo croppingwith no explicit user effort. Includes an algorithm for
identifying important photo content that should be broadly
useful in gaze-based interaction with photographs.
[PAPER] Tabletop Sharing of Digital Photographs for the

When Design Is Not the Problem: Better Usability ThroughNon-Design Means

In shipping quality software, design is not the hard part.
Through interdisciplinary collaboration, design impact caninstead be made through non-design means: technology,
organizational, legal, marketing, documentation/QA, anddevelopment tools.
In Search of End-Users
Rachel K. E. Bellamy, Tracee Vetting Wolf, Rhonda
Rosenbaum, IBM, USA
In order to learn from end-users we need to ﬁnd end-users
to collaborate with. However, ﬁnding end-users can be thehardest part of a project.

Elderly
Trent Apted, Judy Kay, University of Sydney, Australia
Aaron Quigley, University College Dublin, Ireland
Usability studies of digital photograph sharing interfaces forthe demographic with the most life experience to share—theelderly—has been neglected. We contribute a novel interface
and study.

SIG

ROOM 515C

The CHI Engineering Community[ORGANIZERS]

Bonnie E. John, Carnegie Mellon University, USA
William Newman, Consultant, Microsoft, UK
Alan Blackwell, Cambridge University, United Kingdom
Scooter Morris, University of California, San Francisco, USA
This SIG will provide a forum for people interested inbringing the best of the ﬁeld of engineering to the ﬁeld of
HCI.

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Wednesday Afternoon

14:30-16:00

PANEL

PAPERSROOM 517AB

Does Think Aloud Work? How Do We Know?

ROOM 511ABDEPrivacy 2[SESSION CHAIR]

Ian Smith, Intel, USA[PANELISTS]

Judith Ramey, University of Washington, USA
Ted Boren, The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints,
USA
Elisabeth Cuddihy, University of Washington, USA
Joe Dumas, Bentley College, USA
Zhiwei Guan, University of Washington, USA
Maaike J. van den Haak, Menno D.T. De Jong, University ofTwente, Netherlands
The think-aloud method is widely employed in usability
research to gain insights into underlying usability problems,
but concerns remain about its validity and usefulness. Thispanel presents current studies of the think-aloud method,
examines its usage in the ﬁeld, discusses pitfalls that may
threaten its validity, and comments on how to apply themethod.

PANEL

ROOM 517C

Design Communication: How Do You Get
Your Point Across?
[PANELISTS]

Scott Jenson (moderator), Google, USA
Harry Sadler, Nasa, USA
Charlie Hill, IBM Software Group, USA
Carl DiSalvio, Carnegie Mellon University, USA
One of the core issues of design is communication. Not
only between designers, but just as importantly between
managers and developers. There hasn’t been muchdiscussion in the design community on how to communicate
design.

[PAPER] Keeping Up Appearances: Understanding theDimensions of Incidental Information Privacy

Kirstie Hawkey, Kori Inkpen, Dalhousie University, Canada
Survey investigated the privacy of incidental information
visible in web browsers. Provides understanding ofdimensions of privacy that combine to affect a user’s comfort
level when others view their display.
[PAPER] Being Watched or Being Special: How I Learned toStop Worrying and Love Being Monitored, Surveilled, andAssessed

Erica Robles, Abhay Sukumaran, Kathryn Rickertsen, Cliff
Nass, Stanford University, USA
Experimental study shows that rationale mediates
perceptions and judgments of being monitored andevaluated in public/private. Interdisciplinary understandingof social aspects of public/private suggested as needed
research area.

PAPERSROOM 516C

Pen
Jean-Marc Robert, Ecole Polytechnique deMontréal, Canada[SESSION CHAIR][PAPER] Effectiveness of Annotating by Hand for NonAlphabetical Languages

Muhd Dzulkhiﬂee Hamzah, Shun’ichi Tano, Mitsuru
Iwata, Tomonori Hashiyama, The University of ElectroCommunications, Japan
Describes a quantitative analysis of the effectiveness ofhand-written annotations during a note-taking task inJapanese. Can assist in developing better annotation
systems for non-alphabetical languages such in East Asian
countries.

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CHI 2006 MONTRÉALCONFERENCE ON HUMAN FACTORS IN COMPUTING SYSTEMSWednesday Afternoon, continued

14:30-16:00

Speech Pen: Predictive Handwriting Based on
Ambient Multimodal Recognition

Fashion[PAPER]

Kazutaka Kurihara, The University of Tokyo, Japan
Masataka Goto, Jun Ogata, National Institute of Advanced
Industrial Science and Technology, Japan,
Takeo Igarashi, The University of Tokyo & JST, Japan
Shows that handwriting with prediction can be useful inJapanese, and presents a prototype system using speechand handwriting recognition. Can make digital writing fasterand more efﬁcient.
Hover Widgets: Using the Tracking State to Extend theCapabilities of Pen-Operated Devices[PAPER]

Tovi Grossman, Microsoft and University of Toronto, USA& Canada
Ken Hinckley, Patrick Baudisch, Microsoft, USA
Maneesh Agrawala, Microsoft and University of California,
Berkeley, USA
Ravin Balakrishnan, University of Toronto, Canada
The paper presents Hover Widgets, a new technique for penbased interfaces using gestures made in the tracking state.
We found Hover Widgets to have beneﬁcial qualities in aformal evaluation.

[CHI NOTE]

Urbanhermes: Social Signaling with Electronic

Christine M. Liu, Judith S. Donath, MIT, USA
Describes a prototype ‘communicative accessory’, a brief
user study and the underlying conceptual framework forsocial signaling. Draws insights for the design of ‘fashion
signaling’ systems.
[PAPER] Because I Carry My Cell Phone Anyway: Functional
Location-Based Reminder Applications

Pamela J. Ludford, Dan Frankowski, Ken Reily, Kurt Wilms,
Loren Terveen, University of Minnesota, USA
Develops a novel location-based reminder system.
Demonstrates its utility for everyday task management
and identiﬁes a rich model for effective location-based
information delivery.

INTERACTIVITY

ROOM 510ABCD

Touch Me: Haptics and Clothes[SESSION CHAIR]

Eric Lee, RWTH Aachen University, Germany

MultiVis: Improving Access to Visualisations for Visually
Impaired People
PAPERSROOM 516AB

Everyday Use of Mobiles[SESSION CHAIR][PAPER]

Panu Korhonen, Nokia, Finland

Everyday Practices with Mobile Video Telephony

Kenton O’Hara, Hewlett-Packard, UK
Alison Black, Alison Black Research and Consulting, UK
Matthew Lipson, Orange, UK
The paper presents a study of everyday use of mobile video
telephony. Real use episodes highlight key motivations
underlying video calling and the social and practical barriers
that hinder it.
[CHI NOTE]

Sashay: Designing for Wonderment

Eric Paulos, Chris Beckmann, Intel, USA
Presents a cultural perspective on locative media, anddescriptions of two projects that intervene in the urban
landscape. Provides a strong rethinking of methods andgoals for designing systems in urban context.

David McGookin, Stephen Brewster, University of Glasgow,
ScotlandIllustrates a system to construct and browse mathematicalgraphs using haptic and auditory feedback. Points to betterways for visually impaired users to create and interact withgraph-based data representations.
A Haptic Memory Game Using the STReSS2 Tactile Display
Qi Wang, Vincent Levesque, Jerome Pasquero, Vincent
Hayward, McGill University, Canada
Presents a memory card game that uses tactile feedbackon the ﬁnger tip to distinguish cards. Showcases a new
2D haptic display and three different tactile rendering
techniques.
Memory-Rich Clothing
Joanna Berzowska, Marcelo Coelho, Concordia University,
CanadaThis paper describes conceptual and technical prototypes ofreactive body-worn artifacts that display their history of use
and communicate physical (or embodied) memory.

65
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Wednesday Afternoon, continued
PAPERS

14:30-16:00
ROOM 516DE

Visualization 1[SESSION CHAIR]

Mary Czerwinski, Microsoft, USA

HCI OVERVIEWSROOM 511CFHCI Overviews 1[SESSION CHAIR]David Millen, IBM, USA[PAPER] GUESS: A Language and Interface for Graph
Exploration

UCD of Financial Services at the Smart Internet Technology
CentreEytan Adar, University of Washington, USA

Supriya Singh, RMIT University, Australia

The main contributions of GUESS are a) the design of adomain-speciﬁc language for graph exploration and theexperience of its design and b) the interactive interpreter
which connects visual components to the programming
environment.

The experience of contributing sociological andanthropological perspectives to the user-centered designof ﬁnancial services in the Smart Internet Technology
Cooperative Research Centre in Australia.

[PAPER] The Sandbox for Analysis—Concepts and Evaluation

COST294-MAUSE: A Pan European Usability ResearchCommunity

William Wright, David Schroh, Pascale Proulx, Alex
Skaburskis, Brian Cort, Oculus, Canada

Efﬁe Lai-Chong Law, ETH Zurich, Switzerland
Ebba Thora Hvannberg, University of Iceland, Iceland

New sense-making system uses innovative human
information interactions and visualizations to provide
ﬂexible, expressive thinking environment for analysis.
Experiments show it’s easy to learn, encourages bestpractices and saves time.

COST294-MAUSE is a usability research community whose
goal is to apply more science to usability evaluation methods
and transfer this deeper understanding to industry andeducators. Its working groups address usability databasemanagement, comparative studies, defect classiﬁcation, andformalized models.

[PAPER]

Visual Exploration of Multivariate Graphs

Martin Wattenberg, IBM, USA
This paper describes a new visualization technique for acommon type of graph structure. We believe it is broadly
applicable and a useful complement to current graphvisualization methods.

The HTI Lab @ ftw: User Research for Telecom Systems
Peter Fröhlich, Lynne Baillie, Peter Reichl, Raimund Schatz,
Florian Hammer, Georg Niklfeld, Telecommunications
Research Center Vienna (ftw.), Austria
This overview presents the Human-Telecom Systems
Interaction Laboratory at the Telecommunications ResearchCenter (FTW), Vienna. The current setup of the HTI Lab andits contributions to related application-oriented projects at
FTW are described.

SIG

ROOM 515C

The CHI Management Community[ORGANIZER]James A. Euchner, Austin Henderson, Pitney Bowes, USA
This SIG will provide those interested in the interplay
between management and HCI to explore this subject andthe ongoing development of the Management Community at
the CHI conferences.

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CHI 2006 MONTRÉALCONFERENCE ON HUMAN FACTORS IN COMPUTING SYSTEMSWednesday Late Afternoon 16:30-18:00
PANEL

ROOM 517AB

The Route to the Sea for User Value[PANELISTS]

Austin Henderson (moderator), Pitney Bowes, USA
Lisa Anderson, Intuit, USA
Jeremy Ashley, Oracle, USA
Patrik Heuman, Sony Ericsson, USA
Janice Rohn, World Savings Bank, USA
HCI managers with experience in participating in delivering
user value as shipping products that make good businesses
will discuss the hazards that the product development
process holds, and what it takes for HCI managers to ensurethat user value remains in the products throughout thatprocess.

INVITED RESEARCH OVERVIEW

ROOM517C

End-User Programming[SESSION CHAIR]Dan Olsen, Brigham Young University, USA

Brad Myers, Carnegie Mellon University, USA
In the past few decades there has been considerable workon empowering end users to be able to write their own
programs, and as a result, users are indeed doing so. In
fact, we estimate that over 12 million people in American
workplaces would say that they do programming at work,and almost 50 million people use spreadsheets or databases(and therefore may potentially program), compared to only 3
million professional programmers. The motivation for enduser programming is to have the computer be useful for each
person’s speciﬁc individual needs. While the empirical studyof programming has been an HCI topic since the beginningthe ﬁeld, it is only recently that there has been a focus on the
End-User Programmer as a separate class from novices who
are assumed to be studying to be professional programmers.
Another recent focus is on making end-user programming
more reliable, using End-User Software Engineering. My
presentation will summarize the current and past research in
the area of End-User Programming.
[PRESENTER BIO] Brad A. Myers is a Professor in the HumanComputer Interaction Institute in the School of Computer
Science at Carnegie Mellon University, where he is
the principal investigator for various research projects
including: the Pebbles Hand-Held Computer Project, Natural
Programming, User Interface Software, and Demonstrational
Interfaces. He is the author or editor of over 275
publications, including the books “Creating User Interfaces
by Demonstration” and “Languages for Developing User
Interfaces,” and he is on the editorial board of ﬁve journals.

He became an ACM Fellow in 2005, and in 2004, he waselected to the CHI Academy. His research interests include
user interface development systems, user interfaces,
hand-held computers, programming by example, end-userprogramming, visual programming, programming language
design, interaction techniques, window management, andprogramming environments.

PAPERSROOM 511ABDE

Awareness and Presence[SESSION CHAIR]

Steve Benford, University of Nottingham, UK[PAPER] From Awareness to Connectedness: The Design and
Deployment of Presence Displays

Anind K. Dey, Carnegie Mellon University, USA
Ed de Guzman, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign,
USA
Describes user-centered process for designing awarenessdisplays and evaluation demonstrating these displays
improve sense of awareness and connectedness. Assists
display designers in building displays that effectively support
awareness and connectedness.
[CHI NOTE] Negotiating Presence-in-Absence: Contact,
Content, and Context

Steve Howard, The University of Melbourne, Australia
Jesper Kjeldskov, Mikael B. Skov, Kasper Garnæs,Olga
Grünberger, Aalborg University, Denmark
Develops an analytic framework integrating previous HCI
ﬁndings on intimate communication and illustrates it witha case study. Offers a design space for social presence
systems.
[CHI NOTE] Using Linguistic Features to Measure Presence in
Computer-Mediated Communication

Adam D. I. Kramer, University of Oregon, USA
Lui Min Oh, DSO National Laboratories, Singapore
Susan R. Fussell, Carnegie Mellon University, USA
Presents a new technique for measuring presence incomputer-mediated communication using linguistic featuresof dialogues. Provides an easy-to-use method for assessing
the effects of communications technologies on presence.

67
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Wednesday Late Afternoon, continued[PAPER] The Paradox of the Assisted User: Guidance Can Be
Counterproductive

Christof C. van Nimwegen, Utrecht University, Netherlands
Daniel Burgos, Open University of the Netherlands,
Netherlands
Herre H. van Oostendorp, Hermina H.J.M Schijf, Utrecht
University, Netherlands
This paper contributes to the empirical and cognitive
foundation of principles underlying human computerinteraction. It shows that guidance in interfaces byexternalizing information does not always yield better
performance.

PAPERSROOM 516C

Healthcare[SESSION CHAIR]

Lisa Neal, Lisaneal.com, USA[PAPER] Investigating Health Management Practices ofIndividuals with Diabetes

Lena Mamykina, Siemens, USA
Elizabeth D. Mynatt, Georgia Institute of Technology, USA
David R. Kaufman, Columbia University, USA
The paper presents analysis of diabetes self-management
practices using qualitative interviews, an observational study
and a technology probe. We draw implications for the designof health monitoring applications.
[PAPER] Tensions in Designing Capture Technologies for an

Evidence-Based Care Community
Gillian Hayes, Gregory Abowd, Georgia Institute ofTechnology, USA
An analysis of privacy, surveillance, and awareness concernswith regard to evidence-based healthcare and education. The
design of socially appropriate capture technologies for thecommunity of stakeholders in this domain.
[CHI NOTE] Pride and Prejudice: Learning How Chronically Ill
People Think about Food

Katie A. Siek, Kay H. Connelly, Yvonne Rogers, Indiana
University, USA
Presents a formative study exploring how chronically ill
people organize food and read nutrition indicator icons.
Can assist researchers develop nutrition applications andmotivate participant usage for patient populations.

16:30-18:00
PAPERSROOM 516AB

Online Communities[SESSION CHAIR]John Thomas, IBM, USA[CHI NOTE] Insert Movie Reference Here: A System to Bridge
Conversation and Item-Oriented Web Sites

Sara Drenner, Max Harper, Dan Frankowski, John Riedl,
Loren Terveen, University of Minnesota, USA
Describes and evaluates a system that identiﬁes discussion
forum movie references to link forums with recommendersystems. Suggests a design tradeoff between content
augmentation and inter-site navigation.
[CHI NOTE] Motivating Participation by Displaying the Value ofContribution

Al M. Rashid, University of Minnesota, USA
Kimberly Ling, Regina D. Tassone, Carnegie Mellon
University, USA
Paul Resnick, University of Michigan, USA
Robert Kraut, Carnegie Mellon University, USA
John Riedl, University of Minnesota, USA
Describes an experimental study of under-contribution in
online communities. Suggests that designers can motivate
contributions by giving end-users feedback about its value toothers.
[PAPER] Talk to Me: Foundations for Successful IndividualGroup Interactions in Online Communities

Jaime Arguello, Carnegie Mellon University, USA
Brian S. Butler, University of Pittsburgh, USA
Lisa Joyce, Edinboro University, USA
Robert Kraut, Kimberly Ling, Carnegie Mellon University,
USA
Xiaoqing Wang, University of Pittsburgh, USA
Longitudinal archival study of newsgroup messages
identifying individual, content, and context factors thatinﬂuence community responsiveness and individualcommitment. Results can assist developers building tools toenhance community interactions.
[PAPER] Routine Patterns of Internet Use andPsychological Well-Being: Coping with a
Residential Move

Irina Shklovski, Robert Kraut, Carnegie Mellon University,
USA
Jonathon Cummings, Duke University, USA
This paper examines a complex interaction between habitualtechnology use behaviors and psychological well-being,extending research and raising new questions

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16:30-18:00

PAPERSHCI OVERVIEWSROOM 510ABCDHCI Overviews 2

Visualization 2[SESSION CHAIR]

ROOM 511CF

Martin Wattenberg, IBM, USA[SESSION CHAIR][PAPER] Visualizing Email Content: Portraying Relationships
from Conversational Histories

Fernanda B. Viégas, IBM, USA
Scott Golder, Hewlett-Packard, USA
Judith Donath, MIT, USA
Presents a visualization of email content. Discusses different
interaction modes that emerged in user study: explorationof overall trends and detail-oriented investigation. Can help
improve user interaction with email archives.
[PAPER] Clipping Lists and Change Borders: Improving
Multitasking Efﬁciency with Peripheral Information Design

Tara Matthews, University of California, Berkeley, USA
Mary Czerwinski, George Robertson, Desney Tan, Microsoft,USA
We compare abstraction techniques in peripheral interfaces
to determine their effects on task ﬂow, resumption timing,and reacquisition in multitasking situations. Our empiricalresults will help guide future peripheral design.
[PAPER] A Fisheye Follow-up: Further Reﬂections on Focus +Context

George Furnas, University of Michigan, USA
Further understanding for creating small interfaces to large
information worlds, includes uniﬁcation of several visualtechniques, discussion of non-visual ﬁsheye-views, andmodels for why these kinds of presentations are valuable.

Mike Atwood, Drexel University, USA

Games in Asia Project
Vivian Hsueh-Hua Chen, Henry Been-Lirn Duh, Nanyang
Technological University, Singapore
Beth Kolko, University of Washington, USA
Leo Sang-Min Whang, Yonsei University, Republic of Korea
Michael Ching-Hui Fu, Gamania INC, Taiwan
The new technologies associated with computer games bringtremendous changes in human life at both the individual
and societal level. This project seeks to understand thesocial, cultural, psychological, economic and educational
implications of game playing in different Asian regions.
The ChiCI Group
Janet C. Read, Stuart MacFarlane, S. Rebecca Kelly,
Emanuela Mazzone, Matthew Horton, University ofCentral Lancashire, UKThis overview describes the work, the vision, and theapproach of the Child Computer Interaction (ChiCI) group at
the University of Central Lancashire in the UK. This group,
formed four years ago, has grown to become one of theleaders in its ﬁeld whilst maintaining a democratic structure,
an open mind, and an invigorating message.
HCI for Older and Disabled People in the Queen MotherResearch Centre at Dundee University, Scotland
Alan F. Newell, Peter Gregor, Alm Norman, University of
Dundee, Scotland
Research on cognitive support for elderly users. Includes
designers, nurses, therapists, linguists, etc.

SIG

ROOM 516DE

The CHI Design Community[ORGANIZERS]David Gilmore, Intel, USA
Kristina Höök, Swedish Institute of Computer Science,
SwedenJon Kolko, Savannah College of Art and Design, USA
Bill Lucas, MAYA, USA
While most of the HCI literature can be seen as part of anengineering-science practice (with an emphasis on theacquisition and interpretation of ‘facts’), the CHI 2006 Design
Community focuses on how arts and engineering cometogether in the construction, study and interpretation ofcreated objects (maybe more like the study of literature andcriticism).
W W W.CHI2006.ORG

SIG

ROOM 515C

The CHI Education Community[ORGANIZERS]James Foley, Georgia Institute of Technology, USA
Jenny Preece, University of Maryland, USA
The purpose of this SIG is to ask “What can the CHI
Education Community do for you at CHI conferences?” andto discuss criteria for CHI Education Experience Reports.

69
CHI 2006 MONTRÉAL

Wednesday Courses
COURSE 15

ROOM 513CD

The Art of Speaking: Fundamentals for HCI
Professionals: Part 1
9:00 – 13:00
Lisa B. Marshall, lisabmarshall.com, USA
Deborah A. Boehm-Davis, George Mason University, USA

Scientiﬁc professionals need more than good ideas toget ahead. Just as important is the ability to clearly andpersuasively communicate ideas. This tutorial helps develop
those fundamental presentation skills.

[FEATURES]* Applying ‘scientiﬁc rigor’ to qualitative data
* How software tools can help archive data to maintainthe link between data and conclusions and to facilitate
analysis* How to triangulate in on valid conclusions throughcomplementary analyses, including coding strategies,
clustering and afﬁnity diagramming, extracting
dimensions, and exploring networks of relations* How to deal with common validity concerns, such as small
samples, outliers, and generalization from qualitative data
* Tips and tricks for managing organizational issues incommunicating ﬁeldwork ﬁndings[INTENDED AUDIENCE] This course is targeted at developing

fundamental presentation skills for any presenter who would
like to improve his or her presentations[PRESENTATION STYLE] Mostly lecture[FEATURES]* Plan presentation strategy and objectives* Organize presentations* Get and keep the audience’s attention* Reduce rambling and eliminate non-words* Practice appropriate eye contact* Make smooth transitions* Use gestures, facial expressions, and posture for clarityand emphasis* Design visuals to reinforce major points and explain
complex data
* Enhance your skills for on-going self-evaluation

COURSE 19

ROOM 513EF

From Usability Testing to User Experience:Tools for Data Collection and Analysis
9:00 – 18:00
Lucas P.J.J. Noldus, Tobias Heffelaar, Noldus Information
Technology BV, Netherlands

This course brings you up to date with video technology,
software tools, and integrated solutions. You will learn how
to select the right tools for ﬁeld studies or lab tests.
[INTENDED AUDIENCE] HCI researchers and usability practitioners(usability engineers, UI designers, usability testers) working
in academia or industry.
[PRESENTATION STYLE] Classroom lectures, group exercises,

COURSE 20

ROOM 514ABC

Analyzing Qualitative Data from Field Studies
9:00 – 18:00
David A. Siegel, Susan M. Dray, Dray & Associates, Inc., USA

Field study data can be overwhelming and messy. Learn
analysis methods to go beyond ‘anecdote collecting,’
improve the quality of ﬁndings, and provide better input toproduct planning and design.

discussion and hands-on training.
[FEATURES]* Video recording and screen capture, storage and retrieval* Designing a usability lab* Observational data collection* Automatic logging of user-system interaction* Multimodal measurements: eye tracking and physiology* Qualitative data analysis* Quantitative data analysis* Creating usability test reports[INTENDED AUDIENCE] This intermediate to advanced course

is intended for people with some experience or training inﬁeldwork. It does not cover data-gathering techniques.
[PRESENTATION STYLE] Lecture, demonstration, discussion, andhands-on exercises built around simulated ﬁeld research.
The course also includes a demonstration of Computer
Assisted Qualitative Data Analysis Software.

70
CHI 2006 MONTRÉALCONFERENCE ON HUMAN FACTORS IN COMPUTING SYSTEMSWednesday Courses, continued
COURSE 18

ROOM 513AB

Designing for User Efﬁciency
9:00 – 18:00
Deborah J. Mayhew, Deborah J. Mayhew & Associates, USA

This course focuses on how to achieve motor, cognitive,
and perceptual efﬁciency or ease-of-use (as opposed to
intuitiveness or ease-of-learning) in software user interface
design.
[INTENDED AUDIENCE] This course is aimed at anyone (developers,

designers, usability engineers, end-users, managers,
marketers, trainers, etc.) who has an interest in achieving
end-user productivity (i.e., efﬁciency) through the design ofsoftware tools. It is presented at an introductory level.
[PRESENTATION STYLE] Lecture materials will provide an
overview of the ‘what, when, why, and how’ of designing
for user efﬁciency. The materials include real examples and‘war stories’ from the instructor’s experience, and will beaugmented by audience discussion.
[FEATURES]

The course is structured according to answers to fourquestions:* What is efﬁciency?
* When is efﬁciency the key usability goal?
* Why is efﬁciency important?
* How can we optimize efﬁciency in software user interface
design?

[FEATURES]

On completion of this course you will be able to:* apply the principles of user-centered design* be sure you understand users’ needs* improve usability and accessibility* build on existing user experience

COURSE 16

ROOM 513CD

The Art of Speaking: Fundamentals for HCI
Professionals: Part 2
14:30 – 18:00
Lisa B. Marshall, lisabmarshall.com, USA
Deborah A. Boehm-Davis, George Mason University, USA

Practice makes perfect. Put the presentation skills describedin Part 1 of this tutorial into practice by revising existingslides and receiving constructive feedback on practicepresentations. (Registration restricted to those who havecompleted Part 1).
[INTENDED AUDIENCE] This course develops fundamental

presentation skills for any presenter who would like toimprove his or her presentations. Participants should bringcopies of slides from a recent presentation for use in thistutorial. Participants must have taken Part 1 of this course.
[PRESENTATION STYLE] Combines lecture and hands-on
experiences to provide the opportunity to practice the skills
described in Part 1 and reviewed in Part 2.
[FEATURES]

COURSE 17

ROOM 515AB

Web Design for Usability
9:00 – 18:00
William Hudson, Syntagm Ltd, UK

A combined tutorial and workshop where you will discover anduse a range of principles and techniques for designing usable
web sites, including an innovative approach to card sorting.

* Plan presentation objectives and strategy* Organize the presentation* Practice appropriate eye contact* Make smooth transitions* Use gestures, facial expressions, and posture for clarityand emphasis* Design visuals to reinforce major points and explain
complex data
* Enhance skills for on-going self-evaluation[INTENDED AUDIENCE] Web and intranet designers, developers

and managers. Usability and HCI professionals interested in
the practical aspects of usable design. No specialist skills or
knowledge are required.
[PRESENTATION STYLE] The course is approximately 60% tutorials
and 40% activities or group discussions

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CHI 2006 MONTRÉAL

Notes72
CHI 2006 MONTRÉALCONFERENCE ON HUMAN FACTORS IN COMPUTING SYSTEMS517 C

511 ABDE

9:00 – 10:30

W W W.CHI2006.ORG

11:30 – 13:00

PapersInteractingwith Large
Surfaces
p. 81

ComputerMediatedCommunication
p. 81

PapersLoving Me
Loving You
p. 78

alt.chi

Menus
p. 75

Papers510 ABCD

Disabilities
p. 78

Papers516 DECHI 2006 MONTRÉAL

p. 16

Commons Open:
08:00 – 12:00

p. 12, 14, 15, 100

Exhibits,
Interactivity
10:30 – 12:00

COMMONS

p. 14, 15, 87

Focus on Posters
10:30 – 11:30

NOTES

Course 22

513 CD

Course 24

514 ABC

SIG

Usability
Community:
Past, Present,& Future
p. 79

SIG

Designing
Responsive
Softwarep. 84

Course 23

How to CollectField Data &Produce a
Tested Designin 1-8 Weeks
p. 85

Course 25

The Art ofHow to Build
Tips & Tricks
Speaking:
Rich Personasfor Better
Advancedfrom Field
Usability Test
Data
Recommenda- Skills for the
Lecture Hall &
p. 84
tions
the Hallway
p. 76
p. 84

SIG

515 C

Online Health
Mobile Design Communities
Experiences
p. 82
p. 82

Experience
Reports

User-Centered
Design for
Learning &Education
p. 79

Experience
Reports

Creative User
Experience
Methods
p. 76

Experience
Reports

511 CF

16:30 – 18:00 Closing Plenary Session: Digital Comics: An Art Form in Transition, Scott McCloud - Room: 517ABC p.83

“It’s About theSocialInformation, Computing 3
Stupid!”
p. 80
p. 80

PapersGestures &Visualizations
p. 77

PapersPapersBeliefs &Affect
p. 77

Panel

The State of
TangibleInterfaces:
Projects,
Studies, &Open Issues
p. 77

PapersSelecting &Tracking
p. 75

Usability
Methods
p. 80

SocialComputing 2
p. 74

Novel
Methods:
Emotions,
Gestures,Eventsp. 74

516 AB

Usable for
the World:
A Practical
Guide
to International User
Studiesp. 84

Course 21

513 AB

Usability
Design:A New
Rational
UnifiedProcess
Discipline
p. 85

Course 26

515 ABDay at a Glance

11:30 – 13:00

PapersPapersPapersHCIEngineeringfor Disasters,
Driving, &Distributed
Work
p. 74

516 C

Panel

Panel

8:30 CHI Madness - Room: 517AB p.74

517 AB

Thursday April 27

9:00 – 10:30
14:30 – 16:00

14:30 – 16:00

73

Thursday Morning

9:00 – 10:30
ROOM 517AB

CHI Madness
8:30 – 9:00
[SESSION CHAIR]

Patrick Baudisch, Microsoft, USA

Join us again for the session that will tell you what’s what
and where to go. Presenters for today’s sessions will again
have less than a minute each to entice you to their session.

PANEL

ROOM 517AB

Real HCI: What it Takes to do HCIEngineering for Disasters, Driving, andDistributed Work[PANELISTS]

Stuart Card, PARC, USA
Robin Murphy, University of South Florida, USA
Judith S. Olson, University of Michigan, USA
John D. Lee, University of Iowa, USA
William Newman, Microsoft, UK
How are interactive technologies helping tackle majorsocietal problems? Panelists will present and contrast fourvery different yet topical problem domains, describing how
HCI research is enabling measurable advances in each.
They will join with the audience in discussing how best to
engineer progress for society.

[CHI NOTE] Design and Experimental Analysis of Continuous
Location Tracking Techniques for Wizard of Oz Testing

Yang Li, Evan Welbourne, University of Washington, USA
James A. Landay, University of Washington & Intel, USA
Describes and evaluates two new gesture-based techniques
for continuously tracking a moving object by hand, for use in
Wizard of Oz studies of location-aware systems. Study shows
an improvement in terms of task load.
[CHI NOTE] Measuring Emotional Valence during Interactive
Experiences: Boys at Video Game Play

Richard L. Hazlett, Johns Hopkins University, USA
Describes the use of facial EMG as a measure of positive andnegative emotion during interactive computer games. Thesemethods appear useful for associating the player’s emotion
with game events, and could be applied to HCI in general.
[PAPER] A Continuous and Objective Evaluation of Emotional
Experience with Interactive Play Environments

Regan L. Mandryk, Simon Fraser University, Canada
M. Stella Atkins, Simon Fraser University, Canada
Kori M. Inkpen, Dalhousie University, Canada
We present a method for modeling emotion, based on
physiology, for ludic experience. Our modeled emotions
are quantitative and objective, have a high evaluative
bandwidth, and correspond to reported emotion.

PAPERS
PAPERSROOM 511ABDE

Novel Methods: Emotions, Gestures, Events[SESSION CHAIR]

Terry Winograd, Stanford University, USA

Prototyping and Sampling Experience toEvaluate Ubiquitous Computing Privacy in theReal World[PAPER]

Giovanni Iachello, Georgia Institute of Technology, USA
Khai N. Truong, University of Toronto, Canada
Gregory D. Abowd, Gillian R. Hayes, Georgia Institute ofTechnology, USA
Molly Stevens, Logical Design Solutions, USA

ROOM 516C

Social Computing 2[SESSION CHAIR]

Victoria Bellotti, PARC, USA[PAPER] Using Intelligent Task Routing and Contribution
Review to Help Communities Build Artifacts of Lasting ValueDan Cosley, Dan Frankowski, Loren Terveen, John Riedl,
University of Minnesota, USA
We provide researchers and designers with experimentallysupported algorithms and models for inﬂuencing andreasoning about contributions to lasting artifacts of value
created and maintained by online communities.

Presents an event-contingent experience sampling techniqueto gather situated opinions on technology with reference toreal-life situations. The technique can improve the design ofmobile and ubiquitous computing applications.

74
CHI 2006 MONTRÉALCONFERENCE ON HUMAN FACTORS IN COMPUTING SYSTEMSThursday Morning, continued[PAPER]

9:00-10:30

groupTime: Preference Based Group Scheduling

Mike Brzozowski, Kendra Carattini, Scott Klemmer, Patrick
Mihelich, Jiang Hu, Andrew Y. Ng, Stanford University,
USA
Introduces a user interface that combines machine learningand direct manipulation for lightweight group scheduling,
exploiting social pressure while preserving plausible
deniability. Describes design implications for similar
intelligent user interfaces.

[CHI NOTE] Interacting with Communication Appliances:
An Evaluation of Two Computer Vision-Based Selection
Techniques

Jacob Eisenstein, MIT, USA
Wendy E. Mackay, INRIA Futurs, France
Experimentally compares two computer-vision based
selection techniques (object-tracking, motion-sensing).
Suggests that designers should consider object-tracking aswell as (the widely-accepted) motion-sensing.

[PAPER] Accounting for Taste: Using Proﬁle Similarity to
Improve Recommender Systems[PAPER] Attention Funnel: Omnidirectional 3D Cursor for
Mobile Augmented Reality Platforms

Philip Bonhard, Clare Harries, John McCarthy, M. Angela
Sasse, University College London, UK

Frank Biocca, Michigan State University, USA
Arthur Tang, University of Central Florida, USA
Charles Owen, Fan Xiao, Michigan State University, USA

This paper presents insights into user decision-making
strategies in online environments. It uses this as a basis
to suggest how the utility and usability of recommendersystems can be improved.

PAPERSROOM 516AB

Selecting and Tracking[SESSION CHAIR]

Research contributes unique mobile AR interface technique.
General and broad applicability. Guides attention via any
location-aware interface including cell phones. Controlled
experiment validates improved user performance on searchtime, consistency, and mental workload.

Brad Myers, Carnegie Mellon University, USA

Face-Tracking as an Augmented Input in Video
Games: Enhancing Presence, Role-Playing, and Control

PAPERSROOM 510ABCD

Menus[SESSION CHAIR]

Robert Jacobs, Tufts University, USA[PAPER]

Shuo Wang, Microsoft, China
Xiaocao Xiong, Tsinghua University, China
Yan Xu, Renmin University, China
Chao Wang, Tsinghua University, China
Weiwei Zhang, Xiaofeng Dai, Dongmei Zhang, Microsoft,China
We designed and implemented two game prototypes,
applying face/head information to different user experiences.
These prototypes were based on analysis from prior camerabased games and face tracking technology.
[CHI NOTE] Direct Pointer: Direct Manipulation for LargeDisplay Interaction Using Handheld Cameras

Hao Jiang, Tsinghua University, China
Eyal Ofek, Microsoft, China
Neema Moraveji, Microsoft, China
Yuanchun Shi, Tsinghua University, China
Introduces and evaluates a new pointing technique for large(possibly multi-user) displays using input from a hand-heldcamera. Provides designers with a method with reduced
hardware requirements and UI modiﬁcations.

[PAPER] Improving Menu Interaction: A Comparison ofStandard, Force Enhanced, and Jumping Menus

David Ahlstroem, Rainer Alexandrowicz, Martin Hitz,
Klagenfurt University, Austria
Based on an analysis of low level GUI interaction models,a cursor warping technique to facilitate selection tasks incascading-pull-down menus is described. The technique cansigniﬁcantly reduce menu-selection times.
[PAPER] Zone and Polygon Menus: Using Relative Position to
Increase the Breadth of Multi-Stroke Marking Menus

Shengdong Zhao, University of Toronto, Canada
Maneesh Agrawala, University of California, Berkeley &Microsoft, USA
Ken Hinckley, Microsoft, USA
New multi-stroke marking menu designs that consider
relative position of strokes to increase menu breadth by 2x
or more. User studies show new techniques outperform
purely orientation-based menus.

75
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CHI 2006 MONTRÉALThursday Morning, continued[PAPER]

9:00-10:30

Measuring the Difﬁculty of Steering Through Corners

Robert Pastel, Michigan Technological University, USA
Laboratory experiments extend the steering law tonegotiating corners. Analysis and models predict the
difﬁculties and illustrate design improvements for menus
hierarchies and gestures.

EXPERIENCE REPORTS

ROOM 511CF

Creative User Experience Methods[SESSION CHAIR]

A.J. Brush, Microsoft, USA

SIG

ROOM 515C

Tips and Tricks for Better Usability Test
Recommendations[ORGANIZERS]

Rolf Molich, DialogDesign, Denmark
Kyle Pero, Usable Interface, USA
Neha Modgil, Human Factors International, India
Will Schroeder, The MathWorks, USA
This SIG will discuss what are useful and usable
recommendations, and why some are less valuable than
expected. The examples come from the CUE-5 study, where
13 usability teams independently evaluated the IKEA PAX
wardrobe planning tool.

Developing User Interface Guidelines for DVD Menus
Karin Kappel, Martin Tomitsch, Thomas Koltringer, Thomas
Grechenig, Vienna University of Technology, Austria
Watching DVDs can be frustrating because their menus
are complex and difﬁcult to navigate. The authors present
guidelines for designing usable DVD menus and a general
methodology for developing user-interface guidelines.
Understanding Users in Consumer Electronics Experience
DesignJoonhwan Kim, Sanghee Lee, SungWoo Kim, Samsung
Electronics, Republic of Korea
The authors describe user research methodologies Samsung
Electronics applies to experience design: ethnographic
in-home interviews for understanding user requirements,
subjective design preference measurements, and a new
approach to stimulated recall in usability testing.
AdWords Help Center
Yelena Nakhimovsky, Google & Georgia Institute ofTechnology, USA
Rudy Schusteritsch, Kerry Rodden, Google, USA
The authors describe adapting card-sorting methodology toredesign the information architecture of the Google AdWords
Help Center. The process can be applied to other large
information sets where traditional card sorting is impractical.

76
CHI 2006 MONTRÉALCONFERENCE ON HUMAN FACTORS IN COMPUTING SYSTEMSThursday Mid-morning
PANEL

ROOM 517AB

The State of Tangible Interfaces: Projects,
Studies, and Open Issues[PANELISTS]

Oren Zuckerman, MIT, USA
Brygg Ullmer, Louisiana State University, USA
Lars Erik Holmquist, Viktoria Institute, Sweden
Hiroshi Ishii, MIT, USA
George Fitzmaurice, Alias, Canada
Yvonne Rogers, Indian University, USA
Wendy Mackay, I.N.R.I.A., France
Tom Rodden, University of Nottingham, UK
Pioneers and active researchers in tangible user interfaces(TUIs) will give an up-to-date picture of TUI-related projects,
research ﬁndings, and industry adoption case studies. The
panel will discuss the merits and drawbacks of TUIs, review
the open issues in the ﬁeld, and hopefully help interested
researchers to better direct their future research efforts.

PAPERSROOM 511ABDE

Beliefs and Affect[SESSION CHAIR]

Elissa Giaccardi, University of Colorado, USA

11:30-13:00[CHI NOTE] Listening to Your Inner Voices: Investigating Means
for Voice Notiﬁcations

Saurabh Bhatia, Scott McCrickard, Virginia Tech, USA
Reports on an user study of the notiﬁcation qualities of voiceand the development and deployment of a system exploiting
the results. Suggests that voice familiarity is a usefulproperty for notiﬁcation.

PAPERSROOM 516AB

Gestures and Visualizations
Deborah Tatar, Virginia Polytechnic Instituteand State University, USA[SESSION CHAIR][PAPER]

Collaborative Coupling Over Tabletop Displays

Anthony Tang, Melanie Tory, Barry Po, University of British
Columbia, Canada
Petra Neumann, Sheelagh Carpendale, University of Calgary,
CanadaDescribes two observational studies investigating groupcohesion for visualization tasks on an interactive tabletop
display. Presents design guidelines based on six identiﬁedstyles of group cohesion.

[PAPER] Can a Virtual Cat Persuade You? The Role of Genderand Realism in Speaker Persuasiveness[PAPER] Comparing Remote Gesture Technologies for
Supporting Collaborative Physical Tasks

Catherine Zanbaka, Paula Goolkasian, Larry Hodges,
University of North Carolina, Charlotte, USA

David Kirk, University of Nottingham, UK
Danae Stanton Fraser, University of Bath, UK

Presents ﬁndings revealing how virtual characters are as
persuasive as real people and that cross-gender interactionstransfer to virtual speakers. Explains how virtual characters
can be exploited for persuasive interfaces.

A study comparing performance in a collaborative assemblytask using remote gesture systems constructed withcombinations of three different gesture formats. Results areof beneﬁt to those developing gesture systems.

[PAPER] The Sensual Evaluation Instrument: Developing
an Affective Evaluation Tool

Katherine Isbister, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, USA
Kristina Höök, Swedish Institute for Computer Science,
SwedenMichael Sharp, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, USA
Jarmo Laaksolahti, Swedish Institute for Computer Science,
SwedenDescribes an instrument for collecting real-time selfassessment of affect. Portable, may work across cultures,
offers consistency and ﬂexibility. Can help elicit emotional
feedback quickly and easily during the design process.

[PAPER] Cooperative Gestures: Multi-User Gestural
Interactions for Co-Located Groupware

Meredith Ringel Morris, Stanford University, USA
Anqi Huang, Harvard University, USA
Andreas Paepcke, Terry Winograd, Stanford University, USA
We deﬁne cooperative gesturing and discuss appropriate
application scenarios for this multi-user interaction
technique. We present an implementation of cooperative
gestures and discuss lessons learned from observations ofsystem use.

77
W W W.CHI2006.ORG

CHI 2006 MONTRÉALThursday Mid-morning, continued

11:30-13:00

alt.chi

The Affective Remixer: Personalized Music Arranging

ROOM 510ABCD

Loving Me Loving You
Michael Lyons, Advanced
Telecommunications Research Labs, Japan[SESSION CHAIR]

Jae-woo Chung, G. Scott Vercoe, MIT, USA
Describes a mechanism for using affect data in real time tomodify the experience of playing of music. Such systems
have the potential to modify users’ affective state.

I Just Clicked To Say I Love You: Rich Evaluations of MinimalCommunication
Joseph ‘Joﬁsh’ Kaye, Cornell University, USA
Describes a method for developing an in-depth
understanding of a subject’s technology use. Studies ﬁve
couples in long-distance relationships and their use of asimple technology design to transmit intimacy.
ComSlipper: An Expressive Design to Support Awarenessand Availability
Chun-Yi Chen, Jodi Forlizzi, Pamela Jennings, Carnegie
Mellon University, USA
An emotionally rich communication device that supports
showing presence and availability. Can help the user toinitiate a socially appropriate conversation, and ultimately,enhance the quality of computer-mediated relationships.

PAPERSDisabilities[SESSION CHAIR]

Hyemin Chung, Chia-Hsun Jackie Lee, Ted Selker, MIT, USA
We suggest a new kind of communication channel, social
drinking interactions, and test its potential in remotecommunications.

Gilbert Cockton, University of Sunderland, UK[PAPER] Feeling What You Hear: Tactile Feedback for
Navigation of Audio Graphs

Steven Wall, Stephen Brewster, University of Glasgow,
ScotlandPresents guidelines and a prototype evaluation using tactile
feedback to support point-and-click interaction for data
access by sight impaired users. Can assist in developing
accessible mulitmodal interfaces.
[PAPER]

Lover’s Cups: Drinking Interfaces as New Communication
Channels

ROOM 516DE

Remote Usability Evaluations with Disabled

PeopleHelen Petrie, University of York, UK
Fraser Hamilton, Neil King, Pete Pavan, Designed for All, UK
Two case studies describing the use of remote evaluation
techniques with disabled participants. Can assist inunderstanding the advantages and disadvantages of using
remote techniques with disabled users.

AuraOrb: Social Notiﬁcation ApplianceMark Altosaar, Roel Vertegaal, Changuk Sohn, Daniel Cheng,
Queen’s University, Canada
Discusses the design of a ambient notiﬁcation appliance that
implements progressive notiﬁcation techniques through theuse of eye contact sensing.
Dance Your Work Away: Exploring Step User Interfaces
Brian Meyers, A.J. Bernheim Brush, Steve Drucker, Marc A.
Smith, Mary Czerwinski, Microsoft, USA[PAPER] Desperately Seeking Simplicity: How Young
Adults with Cognitive Disabilities and Their Families
Adopt Assistive Technologies

Melissa Dawe, University of Colorado, Boulder, USA
Case studies describing how families with individuals
with cognitive disabilities adopt and incorporate assistive
technologies. Illuminates the complexity of the adoption
process and presents clear recommendations for assistive
technology designers.

Formative evaluation of novel step user interfaces toencourage physical movement and promote enjoyment
while completing real world tasks. Provides design
considerations for step user interfaces.

78
CHI 2006 MONTRÉALCONFERENCE ON HUMAN FACTORS IN COMPUTING SYSTEMSThursday Mid-morning, continued

11:30-13:00[CHI NOTE] Adaptive Language Behavior in HCI: How
Expectations and Beliefs About a System Affect Users’ Word
ChoiceJamie Pearson, University of Edinburgh, Scotland
Jiang Hu, Stanford University, USA
Holly P. Branigan, Martin J. Pickering, University of
Edinburgh, Scotland
Cliff I. Nass, Stanford University, USA
Experimentally demonstrates that users adapt language
behaviors depending on beliefs about the sophistication ofa system. Suggests that designers should attend to relevant‘non-functional’ system characteristics.

EXPERIENCE REPORTS

SIG

ROOM 515C

Usability Community: Past, Present, andFuture[ORGANIZERS]

Janice Rohn, World Savings Bank, USA
Stephanie Rosenbaum, Tec-Ed, Inc., USA
This SIG is sponsored by the CHI 2006 and CHI 2007 Usability
Community chairs to collect feedback and discuss how CHI
can best serve the Usability Community, both at the annual
conference and in other activities.

ROOM 511CF

User-Centered Design for Learning and
Education
Gregory Abowd, Georgia Instiute ofTechnology, USA[SESSION CHAIR]

Evaluating Web Lectures as an Alternative Approach to
Education: A Case Study from HCIJason A. Day, James D. Foley, Georgia Institute ofTechnology, USA
Presents a novel use of educational technology, and alongitudinal study demonstrating its effectiveness for
HCI education. Illustrates use of HCI methodology foreducational technology design and evaluation.
Practical Service Learning Issues in HCI
Jennifer Mankoff, Carnegie Mellon University, USA
Presents an approach to incorporating service learning
into undergraduate human-computer interaction teaching.
Provides practical guidance for using service learning in
regularly-taught, large courses.
HCI Techniques from Idea to Deployment: A Case Study for a
Dynamic Learning Environment
John C. Thomas, Robert Farrell, IBM, USA
The authors describe HCI techniques employed for iterative
design and evaluation of a ‘Dynamic Learning Environment’now in use at IBM, that extends XML standards for digitalcontent (the IEEE Learning Object Metadata Standard).

79
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CHI 2006 MONTRÉALThursday Afternoon
PANEL

14:30-16:00
ROOM 517C“It’s About the Information, Stupid!”,
Why We Need a Separate Field of HumanInformation Interaction[PANELISTS]

William Jones, University of Washington, USA
Peter Pirolli, Stuart Card, PARC, USA
Raya Fidel, University of Washington, USA
Nahum Gershon, The Mitre Corporation, USA
Peter Morville, Semantic Studios, USA
Bonnie Nardi, University of California, Irvine, USA
Daniel M. Russell, Google, USA
The past few years have seen increasing discussion of
the need for—even the inevitability of—a ﬁeld of humaninformation interaction (HII). The ‘I’ in HII implies a focus
on information and not computing technology. The panel
is structured to encourage an exploration of both pros andcons in favor of a separate ﬁeld of HII. Panelists provide adiversity of perspectives from several different disciplines
and research traditions including cognitive modelingand the study of human cognition, information science,
information architecture, personal information management,
ethnography, and anthropology.

PAPERSROOM 511ABDESocial Computing 3[SESSION CHAIR]

Watching the Cars Go Round and Round: Designing
for Active Speaking[CHI NOTE]

Mattias Esbjörnsson, Interactive Institute, Sweden
Barry Brown, University of Glasgow, Scotland
Oskar Juhlin, Daniel Normark, Mattias Östergren, Interactive
Institute, Sweden
Eric Laurier, University of Edinburgh, Scotland
Presents a study of audiences in car rally events and a
prototype to support active spectating. Draws implications
for the design of technology for sport audiences.
[CHI NOTE] Ethnography in the Kindergarten: Examining
Children’s Play Experiences

Peta Wyeth, University of Queensland, Australia
Explores the effectiveness of an ethnographic study insupporting the design of playful technology for young
children. Provides designers with useful guidelines fordeveloping technology for kindergarten environments.
[CHI NOTE] Robot-Human Interaction with an
Anthropomorphic Percussionist

Gil Weinberg, Scott Driscoll, Georgia Institue of Technology,
USA
Describes a perceptual robotic percussionist that combines
the power of computational modeling with the richness,visual interactivity, and expression of acoustic playing. Can
provide novel expressive interactive musical experiences.

Jeremy Birnholtz, University of Toronto,

CanadaPAPERS[PAPER]

Collective Creation and Sense-Making of Mobile

Media

Usability Methods[SESSION CHAIR]

Antti Salovaara, Giulio Jacucci, Antti Oulasvirta, Timo
Saari, Pekka Kanerva, Esko Kurvinen, Sauli Titta, Helsinki
Institute for Information Technology, Finland
Analyzing a ﬁeld trial of a prototype we show the importanceof collective use of mobile group media and its connections
to social achievements, presence, and shared experience
between people.

ROOM 516C

Alistair Sutcliffe, University of Nottingham, UK[PAPER] Breaking the Fidelity Barrier: An Examination of ourCurrent Characterization of Prototypes and an Example of aMixed-Fidelity Success

Michael McCurdy, NASA, USA
Christopher Connors, Apple, USA
Guy Pyrzak, San Jose State University Foundation, USA
Bob Kanefsky, University of California, Santa Cruz, USA
Alonso Vera, Carnegie Mellon University, USA
This paper presents a method for characterizing prototypes
and an example prototype constructed using this method.
Applying this method can yield more focused prototype
development and better return on investment.

80
CHI 2006 MONTRÉALCONFERENCE ON HUMAN FACTORS IN COMPUTING SYSTEMSThursday Afternoon, continued

14:30-16:00[PAPER] Getting the Right Design and the Design Right:
Testing Many is Better Than One[PAPER] Keepin’ It Real: Pushing the Desktop Metaphor with
Physics, Piles, and the Pen

Maryam Tohidi, University of Toronto, Canada
William Buxton, Microsoft, Canada
Ronald Baecker, University of Toronto, Canada
Abigail Sellen, Microsoft, UK

Anand Agarawala, Ravin Balakrishnan, University ofToronto, Canada

Experiment demonstrates the impact of evaluating threemeaningfully distinct designs in one usability session, rather
than just one. Brings process in line with design practice andprovides more accurate results.

Contributes interaction and visualization techniques for a
new physically realistic pen-based desktop using piles andcasual object organization. Beneﬁts to designers of pencentric interfaces.

[PAPER] The Validity of the Stimulated Retrospective Think-

PAPERS

Aloud Method as Measured by Eye Tracking

Computer-Mediated Communication

Zhiwei Guan, Shirley Lee, Elisabeth Cuddihy, Judith Ramey,
University of Washington, Seattle, USA
Provides evidence that retrospective think aloud (RTA)
method provides valid and reliable information about users’
performance. Supports the use of RTA to assess and identify
usability issues.

PAPERSROOM 516AB

Interacting with Large Surfaces[SESSION CHAIR][PAPER]

Scott Klemmer, Stanford University, USA

Precise Selection Techniques for Multi-Touch Screens

Hrvoje Benko, Columbia University, USA
Andrew Wilson, Patrick Baudisch, Microsoft, USA
Our novel interaction techniques, called Dual Finger
Selections, enable pixel-accurate selections on multi-touch
screens. Our user study conﬁrmed their low error rate
performance and resilience to varying input noise.
[PAPER] TeamTag: Exploring Centralized versus ReplicatedControls for Co-Located Tabletop Groupware
Meredith Ringel Morris, Andreas Paepcke, Terry Winograd,
Jeannie Stamberger, Stanford University, USA
We describe an experiment comparing two alternative
widget layout schemes for a collaborative tabletop interface.
We discuss the beneﬁts and drawbacks of each design basedon our experimental results.

[SESSION CHAIR]

ROOM 510ABCD

Bo Begole, PARC, USA

Synchronous Broadcast Messaging:
The Use of ICT[PAPER]

Justin D. Weisz, Carnegie Mellon University, USA
Thomas Erickson, Wendy A. Kellogg, IBM, USA
An empirical characterization of the use of a novel
broadcast messaging system in a large organization. Suchcharacterizations are an essential part of the research basefor CMC and CSCW.
[PAPER] The Impact of Delayed Visual Feedback on
Collaborative Performance

Darren Gergle, Robert Kraut, Susan Fussell, Carnegie Mellon
University, USA
This work provides a detailed description of how pairs deal
with visual delay in collaborative environments. The results
inform the future development and deployment of suchtechnologies.
[PAPER] Collocation Bindness in Partially Distributed Groups:
Is There a Downside to Being Collocated?

Nathan Bos, Judith S. Olson, Ning Nan, University ofMichigan, USA
N. Sadat Shami, Cornell University, USA
Susannah Hoch, Draper Laboratory, USA
Erik Johnston, University of Michigan, USA
Collocation, or working in one location, usually beneﬁts work
teams. But our recent experiments shows circumstanceswhere ‘collocation blindness’ makes people ignore theoutside world, to their detriment.

81
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CHI 2006 MONTRÉALThursday Afternoon, continued
EXPERIENCE REPORTS

14:30-16:00
ROOM 511CF

Mobile Design Experiences[SESSION CHAIR]

SIG

ROOM 515C

Online Health Communities

Aaron Marcus, Aaron Marcus Associates, USA[ORGANIZERS]

Combining Multiple Gaming Interfaces in Epidemic Menace
Irma Lindt, Jan Ohlenburg, Uta Pankoke-Babatz, Wolfgang
Prinz, Fraunhofer FIT, Germany
Sbiha Ghellal, Sony NetServices, Germany
A crossmedia game, Epidemic Menace, including a gameboard station, a mobile assistant and a mobile Augmented
Reality (AR) system is described. Early results of an
ethnographic observation are described, showing how thedifferent gaming interfaces were used by the players to
observe, collaborate and interact within the game.

Lisa Neal, eLearn Magazine, USA
Gitte Lindgaard, Kate Oakley, Carleton University, Canada
Derek Hansen, University of Michigan, USA
Sandra Kogan, IBM, USA
The importance of on-line health communities is evidenced
by their popularity, as well as the signiﬁcant impact they
have on the lives of their members. This Special Interest
Group (SIG) will explore current trends in online healthcommunities, as well as discuss the socio-technical design
challenges and opportunities that they afford.

Discovering Design Drivers for Mobile Media Solutions
Akseli Anttila, Younghee Jung, Nokia, Finland
By comparing the results of studies separated both bygeographical and chronological space a set of constantdesign drivers was discovered. These were applied to anumber of different design projects in the domain of mobile
media.
Mobile Blogging: Experiences of Technologically Inspired
DesignRussell Beale, University of Birmingham, UK
A technologically led design approach towards creating new
artefacts is discussed, and the details of the architecture,design, and acceptability of the resulting system to support
mobile blogging, called SmartBlog.

82
CHI 2006 MONTRÉALCONFERENCE ON HUMAN FACTORS IN COMPUTING SYSTEMSThursday Late Afternoon
CLOSING PLENARY SESSION

16:30 – 18:00

ROOM 517AB

Digital Comics: An Art Form in Transition
Scott McCloud, scottmccloud.com, USA
In the last 20 years, comics in its printed incarnation has
struggled toward maturity through ‘graphic novels’. Now,
that same art form is entering a new infancy on the web andother digital venues, raising fundamental questions about
the reading experience, the functions of storytelling media
in society, how art forms adapt to dominant technologies,
and the role of space in information design. Cartoonist andauthor Scott McCloud explores these and other questions ina fast-moving visual presentation.
[PRESENTER BIO] Scott McCloud has been writing anddrawing independent comic books since 1984. His book
“Understanding Comics” was a New York Times Notablebook for 1994, is available in 15 languages. McCloud has
lectured on comics and digital media at Harvard University,
Pixar Animation Studios, Microsoft, and The Smithsonian
Institution. His 5-Day Seminar in making comics was mostrecently held at MIT. McCloud’s online comics can be foundat scottmccloud.com

83
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CHI 2006 MONTRÉALThursday Courses
COURSE 22

ROOM 513CD

The Art of Speaking: Advanced Skills for the
Lecture Hall and the Hallway
9:00 – 13:00
Lisa B. Marshall, lisabmarshall.com, USA
Deborah A. Boehm-Davis, George Mason University, USA
Are you terriﬁed of being asked questions or about
presentation disasters? Learn to present complex ideas
concisely and accurately and to speak professionally in thelecture hall and the hallway.
[INTENDED AUDIENCE] Experienced presenters who would like toimprove their presentation skills.

[FEATURES]* Making the business case for international studies* Organizational planning for international user studies* Localizing the study plan
* Evaluating and preparing international research partners,
such as facilitators and translators* Preparing yourself and your team
* Identifying strategies to handle common challenges ininternational studies* Evaluating the role of remote testing

COURSE 24

ROOM 514ABC

How to Build Rich Personas from Field Data
9:00 – 10:30[PRESENTATION STYLE] Mostly lecture[FEATURES]* Handling question and answer sessions, both atprofessional conferences and in industry settings* Overcoming presentation disasters* Presenting complex ideas concisely, accurately, and in aninteresting fashion

Karen Holtzblatt, Shelley Wood, InContext Enterprises, USA
Personas have had mixed success because they typicallyare not informed by deep data. Address this issue by using
the data provided with Contextual Design work models andafﬁnity diagrams.
[INTENDED AUDIENCE] No speciﬁc background is required.

COURSE 21

ROOM 513AB

Usable for the World: A Practical Guide toInternational User Studies
9:00 – 16:00
Susan M. Dray, David A. Siegel, Dray & Associates, Inc., USA
Learn what’s involved in planning and carrying out
international user studies, including tailoring the study to“ﬁt” local circumstances, working with and through local
resources, and avoiding common pitfalls.
[INTENDED AUDIENCE] This class is aimed at people experienced

in doing usability and user studies in their own country whowant to learn how to conduct such studies in other countries.

Although the course focuses on CD models, previous
experience with them is not required[PRESENTATION STYLE] Lecture, group discussion, exercises[FEATURES]

Attendees will learn:* Why personas are powerful tools for communicating userneeds to stakeholders* Why to be effective, personas need to be based on deep
data that comes from ﬁeld studies, and not just 2–3 ﬁeld
interviews* The steps for creating personas with Contextual Design(CD) data* How to harvest CD models for user goals, roles, tasks, andstrategies[PRESENTATION STYLE] Lecture, group discussion, and small
group exercises. The class includes a video of a usability
evaluation from Hong Kong with simultaneous translation,and discussion of a set of multi-faceted real-life research
scenarios.

84
CHI 2006 MONTRÉALCONFERENCE ON HUMAN FACTORS IN COMPUTING SYSTEMSThursday Courses, continued
COURSE 26

ROOM 515AB

COURSE 25

ROOM 514ABC

Usability Design: A New Rational Uniﬁed
Process Discipline
11:30 – 16:00

How to Collect Field Data and Produce a
Tested Design in 1–8 Weeks
11:30 – 13:00

Magnus Lif, Bengt Göransson, Guide Redina AB, Sweden

Karen Holtzblatt, Shelley Wood, InContext Enterprises, USA

The Usability Design discipline will be explained. The course
is aimed at those wanting to work with User-Centered Design(UCD) within a systems development framework such as the
RUP.

Rapid Contextual Design provides tools for infusing
customer data into designs, even when resources andschedules are restricted. Learn guidelines for selecting
customers, creating schedules, and working inside agile
development iterations.

[INTENDED AUDIENCE] This course is aimed at anyone interested

in software development, typically usability professionals,
project managers, software architects, etc. The participants
should be familiar with standard usability methods.
Knowledge about the RUP is not a prerequisite.
[PRESENTATION STYLE] Lecture, exercises, discussions, and acase study[FEATURES]* Introduction to UCD* Problems with UCD in the ‘Rational Uniﬁed Process’* Introduction to the new usability design discipline* Exercises and discussions* A case study* Practical tips and hints

COURSE 23[INTENDED AUDIENCE] No background is expected; the course willoffer the most value to those leading user experience aspects
of projects.
[PRESENTATION STYLE] Lecture and group discussion[FEATURES]

Attendees will learn:* The 3 variants of Rapid CD and how to select the right one* Guidelines for selecting the right number and mix ofcustomers given available time and project type
* How to create day-by-day schedules based on project
scope and available time, including agile iterations

ROOM 513CD

Designing Responsive Software Despite
Performance Limitations
14:30 – 16:00
Jeff Johnson, UI Wizards, Inc., USA
Responsiveness is extremely important for user satisfaction
with software and online services, but it is often poor. This
class distinguishes responsiveness from performance andpresents design principles for achieving responsiveness.
[INTENDED AUDIENCE] Software designers and developers of all

experience levels. Also: Q/A engineers, usability testers, andmanagers.
[PRESENTATION STYLE] Lecture, Q&A.
[FEATURES]

Responsiveness is very important in determining user
satisfaction with software and online services, but it isoften poor. This class distinguishes responsiveness fromperformance and explains that performance need not limit
responsiveness. It explains that the user interface is a realtime interface, with time-constraints systems must satisfy tobe perceived as responsive. The class presents techniques
for improving responsiveness, with examples of responsive
and unresponsive systems.
W W W.CHI2006.ORG

85
CHI 2006 MONTRÉAL

Notes86
CHI 2006 MONTRÉALCONFERENCE ON HUMAN FACTORS IN COMPUTING SYSTEMSPosters
Posters will be on display in the Commons area throughout
the conference. Poster authors are asked to be at theirposters at the following times:
Doctoral Consortium:
Monday afternoon break, Monday evening reception
Student Design Competition:
Monday evening reception, Tuesday morning breakWorkshops:
Monday afternoon break, Monday evening reception
Work-in-Progress:
All posters: Monday evening reception
WIP posters 57 – 121: Tuesday morning break
WIP posters 122 – 187: Wednesday morning break
WIP posters 188 – 252: Thursday morning break
During the Monday Evening Conference Reception (for all
types of posters):
All odd numbered posters: 18:30 – 19:30
All even numbered posters: 20:00 – 21:00

Doctoral Consortium
001 Video and Image-Based Reﬂective Learning Tools forProfessional Training Environments
L. Amaya Becvar, University of California, San Diego, USA
002 Transference of Dance Knowledge through Interface
DesignNatalie Erika Ebenreuter, Swinburne University, UK
003 Providing a Tailored Overview of Program Source Code
J. Louise Finlayson, University of Aberdeen, UK
004 Integrating Models of Human-Computer VisualInteraction
Tim Halverson, University of Oregon, USA
005 Knowledge Sharing, Maintenance, and Use in Online
Support Communities
Derek L. Hansen, University of Michigan, USA
006 Assessing the Attractiveness of Interactive Systems
Jan Hartmann, University of Manchester, USA
007 Documenting and Understanding Everyday Activities
through the Selective Archiving of Live Experiences
Gillian R. Hayes, Georgia Institute of Technology, USA

008 An Examination of User Behaviour During Web
Information Tasks
Melanie Kellar, Dalhousie University, Canada
009 Embracing Agile Development of Usable Software
Systems
Jason Chong Lee, Virginia Polytechnic Institute & State
University, USA
010 Sharing Everyday Places I Go While Preserving Privacy
Pamela J. Ludford, University of Minnesota, USA
011 Multi-Touch Interaction
Tomer Moscovich, Brown University, USA
012 Making Sense of Social Networks
Adam Perer, University of Maryland, USA
013 Test Methodologies For Pedestrian Navigation Aids In
Old Age
Michael Schellenbach, Max-Planck-Institute for Human
Development, Germany
014 Residential Mobility, Technology, and Social Ties
Irina Shklovski, Carnegie Mellon University, USA
015 Physical-Digital Ensembles for Mobile Interaction
Ron B. Yeh, Stanford University, USA

Student Design Competition
016 Fitster: Social Fitness Information Visualizer
Noor Ali-Hasan, Diana Gavales, Andrew Peterson, Matthew
Raw, University of Michigan, USA
017 Health View: A Simple and Subtle Approach to
Monitoring Nutrition
Jesse R. Beach, Christian M. Briggs, Sam D. Shahrani, Craig
A. Elliott, Indiana University, USA
018 Reﬂecting on Health: A System For Students to Monitor
Diet and Exercise
Brandon Brown, Marshini Chetty, Andrea Grimes, Ellie
Harmon, Georgia Institute of Technology, USA
019 Balance Pass: Service Design for a Healthy College
Lifestyle
Aditya Chand, Monica González, Julian Missig, Purin
Phanichphant, Pen Fan Sun, Carnegie Mellon University,
USA
87

W W W.CHI2006.ORG

CHI 2006 MONTRÉALPosters, continued
020 AVIVA: A Health and Fitness Monitor for Young Women
Rachel Gockley, Michael Marotta, Carin Rogoff, Adrian Tang,
Carnegie Mellon University, USA
021 PEDdo: Steps to a Healthy Lifestyle
Visda Goudarzi, Stanislav Tomic, Vienna University ofTechnology, Austria
022 NutriStat - Tracking Young Child Nutrition
Victor Hanson-Smith, Daya Wimalasuriya, Andrew Fortier,
University of Oregon, USA
023 A Responsive and Persuasive Audio Device to Stimulate
Exercise and Fitness in Children
Jeffrey Hartnett, Pearl Lin, University of California, Berkeley,USA
Lillian Ortiz, California College of the Arts, USA
Lindsay Tabas, University of California, Berkeley, USA
024 myPyramid: Increasing Nutritional AwarenessEunhyung Kim, Benjamin Koh, Jennifer Ng, Ray Su, Carnegie
Mellon University, USA
025 RoutePlanner
Marek Kudlacz, Robert Tan, Jon Prindiville, Marc Peters,
University of Toronto, Canada
026 NutraStick: Portable Diet AssistantBarry Diarmuid Mulrooney, Mairead Anne McDermott,
Nick Justin Earley, IADT Institute of Art, Design, andTechnology, Ireland
027 My Health, My Life: A Web-Based Health Monitoring
Application
Paul Nuschke, Tara Holmes, Yaseen Qadah, North Carolina
Agricultural & Technical State University, USA
028 Promoting a Healthy Lifestyle Through a Virtual
Specialist Solution
Juan M. Silva, Selene Zamarripa, Elisa B. Moran, Monica
Tentori, Leonardo Galicia, CICESE Research Center,
Mexico029 Chick Clique: Persuasive Technology to Motivate
Teenage Girls to Exercise
Tammy Toscos, Anne Marie Faber, Shunying An, Mona
Praful Gandhi, Indiana University, USA
030 Food Information Network: Informed Shopping for
Healthier Living
Jiawei Rong, Leo Ochoa, Lee Ritter, Erik Brown, University ofOregon, USA

Workshops
031 Privacy-Enhanced Personalization
Alfred Kobsa, University of California, USA
032 Designing Technology for People with Cognitive
Impairments
Joanna McGrenere, University of British Columbia, Canada
Jim Sullivan, University of Colorado, USA
Ronald M. Baecker, University of Toronto, Canada
033 The Many Faces of Consistency in Cross-Platform
DesignKai Richter, Computer Graphics Center (ZGDV), Germany
Jeffrey Nichols, Carnegie Mellon University, USA
Krzysztof Gajos, University of Washington, USA
Ahmed Seffah, Concordia University, Canada
034 Information Visualization and Interaction Techniques
for Collaboration across Multiple Displays
Lucia Terrenghi, University of Munich, Germany
Richard May, Paciﬁc Northwest National Laboratory, USA
Patrick Baudisch, Microsoft, USA
035 Misuse and Abuse of Interactive Technologies
Antonella De Angeli, University of Manchester, UK
Sheryl Brahnam, Missouri State University, USA
Peter Wallis, The University of Shefﬁeld, UK
Alan Dix, Lancaster University, UK
036 Entertainment Media at Home - Looking at the Social
Aspects
Louise Barkhuus, University of Glasgow, Scotland
Jennifer Rode, University of California, Irvine, USA
Genevieve Bell, Intel, USA
037 Workshop on SIGCHI Public Policy
Benjamin B. Bederson, University of Maryland, USA
Jonathan Lazar, Towson University, USA
Jeff Johnson, UI Wizards, Inc., USA
Harry Hochheiser, University of Maryland, USA
Clare-Marie Karat, IBM, USA
038 Investigating New User Experience Challenges in iTV:
Mobility & Sociability
Anxo Cereijo Roibás, University of Brighton, UK
David Geerts, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Belgium
Elizabeth Furtado, Universidade de Fortaleza, Brazil
Licia Calvi, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Belgium

88
CHI 2006 MONTRÉALCONFERENCE ON HUMAN FACTORS IN COMPUTING SYSTEMSPosters, continued
039 About Face Interface: Creative Engagement in the New
Media Arts and HCI
Pamela Jennings, Carnegie Mellon University, USA
Elisa Giaccardi, University of Colorado, Boulder, USA
Magda Wesolkowska, University of Montréal, Canada

046 Reﬂective HCI: Articulating an Agenda for Critical
Practice
Phoebe Sengers, Cornell University, USA
John McCarthy, University College Cork, UK
Paul Dourish, University of California, Irvine, USA

040 Social Visualization: Exploring Text, Audio, and Video
Interaction
Karrie Karahalios, University of Illinois, USA
Fernanda Viégas, IBM, USA

047 Reinventing Trust, Collaboration and Compliance inSocial Systems
Jens Riegelsberger, Framfab UK Ltd., UK
Asimina Vasalou, Imperial College London, UK
Philip Bonhard, Anne Adams, University College London, UK

041 HCI and the Face
Michael J. Lyons, ATR Intelligent Robotics andCommunication Labs, Japan
Christoph Bartneck, Technical University of Eindhoven,
Netherlands
042 IT@Home: Unraveling Complexities of Networked
Devices in the HomeDavid McDonald, University of Washington, USA
Bill Schilit, Intel, USA
Sara Bly, Sara Bly Consulting, USA
043 Privacy and HCI: Methodologies for Studying Privacy
IssuesSameer Patil, University of California, Irvine, USA
Natalia Romero, University of Technology, Einhoven, The
Netherlands
John Karat, IBM, USA
044 Usability Research Challenges for Cyberinfrastructure
and Tools
Rob N. Procter, National Centre for e-Social, UK
Christine Borgman, University of California, Los Angeles,
USA
Geof Bowker, University of California, Santa Clara, USA
Marina Jirotka, Oxford University, UK
Gary Olson, University of Michigan, USA
Cherri Pancake, Oregon State University, USA
Tom Rodden, University of Nottingham, UK
m c schraefel, University of Southampton, UK
045 Reality Testing: HCI Challenges in Non-Traditional
Environments
Gisele Bennett, Georgia Institute of Technology, USA
Kay H. Connelly, Indiana University, USA
Gitte Lindgaard, Carleton University, Canada
Katie A. Siek, Indiana University, USA
Bruce Tsuji, Carleton University, Canada

048 Theory and Method for Experience Centered Design
Mark A. Blythe, Peter C. Wright, University of York, UKJohn McCarthy, University College Cork, UK
Olav W. Bertelsen, University of Aarhus, Denmark049 Sexual Interactions: Why We Should Talk About Sex in
HCI
Johanna Brewer, University of California, Irvine, USA
Joseph Kaye, Cornell University, USA
Amanda Williams, University of California, Irvine, USA
Susan Wyche, Georgia Institute of Technology, USA
050 The Next Step: From End-User Programming to EndUser Software Engineering
Margaret Burnett, Oregon State University, USA
Brad Myers, Carnegie Mellon University, USA
Mary Beth Rosson, The Pennsylvania State University, USA
Susan Wiedenbeck, Drexel University, USA
051 Mobile Social Software: Realizing Potential, Managing
Risks
Scott Counts, Microsoft, USA
Henri ter Hofte, Telematica Instituut, Netherlands
Ian Smith, Intel, USA
052 What is the Next Generation of Human-Computer
Interaction?
Robert J.K. Jacob, Tufts University, USA
053 Sketching Nurturing Creativity: Commonalities in Art
Design Engineering and Research
Kumiyo Nakakoji, University of Tokyo, Japan
Atau Tanaka, Sony Paris, France
Daniel Fallman, Umeå University, France
054 Getting a Measure of Satisfaction from Eyetracking inPractice
J. A. Renshaw, Leeds Metropolitan University, UK
J. Finlay, Leeds Metropolitan University, UK
N. Webb, Amberlight Partners Ltd., UK89

W W W.CHI2006.ORG

CHI 2006 MONTRÉALPosters, continued
055 Designing for Collective Remembering
Corina Sas, Alan Dix, Lancaster University, UK
056 Player-Centred Game Design
Jonathan Sykes, Glasgow Caledonian University, Scotland
Melissa Federoff, Microsoft, USA

065 Active CyberCode: A Directly Controllable 2D CodeYuji Ayatsuka, Jun Rekimoto, Sony Computer Science
Laboratories, Inc., Japan
066 Making Memories: Applying User Input Logs toInterface Design and Evaluation.
Tamara Babaian, Wendy Lucas, Heikki Topi, Bentley College,
USA

Work-in-Progress
057 A New Approach of a Context-Adaptive Search Agent
for Automotive Environments
Markus Ablassmeier, Institute for Human-Machine
Communication, Germany
Tony Poitschke, Munich University of Technology, Germany
Gerhard Rigoll, Munich University of Technology, Germany
058 The Effect of Miscommunication Rate on User Response
Preferences
Hua Ai, University of Pittsburgh, USA
Thomas K. Harris, Carolyn Penstein Rose, Carnegie Mellon
University, USA
059 Wizard of Oz for Participatory Design: Inventing a
Gestural Interface for 3D Selection of Neural Pathway
Estimates
David Light Akers, Stanford University, USA
060 Biasing Response in Fitts’ Law Tasks
Emory Al-Imam, San Francisco State University, USA
Edward Lank, University of Waterloo, Canada
061 PhotoArcs: A Tool for Creating and Sharing PhotoNarratives
Morgan Ames, Lilia Manguy, University of California,
Berkeley, USA
062 3D and Sequential Representations of Spatial
Relationships among Photos
Mahoro Anabuki, Canon Development Americas, Inc., USA
Hiroshi Ishii, MIT, USA
063 Child-User Abstractions
Alissa N. Antle, Simon Fraser University, Canada
064 Usability Tool for Analysis of Web Designs Using Mouse
TracksErnesto Arroyo, Ted Selker, MIT, USA
Willy Wei, Brown University, USA

067 Usability and Learning in a Speech-Enabled Reading
Tutor: A Field Study
Paula M. Bach, The Pennsylvania State University, USA
Jennifer Lai, IBM, USA
068 The Impact of Structure and Medium on Choice and
Recall in Proﬁle Assessment
Sameer Bajaj, Lee S. Sproull, New York University, USA
069 PygmyBrowse: A Small Screen Tree Browser
Zvi Band, Ryen W. White, University of Maryland, USA
070 Evaluating the Effect of Technology on Note-Taking and
Learning
Aaron O. Bauer, Kenneth Koedinger, Carnegie Mellon
University, USA
071 Interface Agents as Social Models: The Impact ofAppearance on Females’ Attitude Toward Engineering
Amy L. Baylor, Rinat B. Rosenberg-Kima, E. Ashby Plant,
Florida State University, USA
072 Communicating More than Nothing
Tony Bergstrom, Karrie Karahalios, University of Illinois,
Urbana-Champaign, USA
073 SMOKS: The Memory Suits
Joanna Berzowska, Marcelo Coelho, Concordia University,
Canada074 Modalities for Building Relationships with Handheld
Computer Agents
Timothy Bickmore, Daniel Mauer, Northeastern University,
USA
075 The Comforting Presence of Relational Agents
Timothy Bickmore, Daniel Schulman, Northeastern
University, USA
076 DJogger: A Mobile Dynamic Music Device
Jacob T. Biehl, Piotr D. Adamczyk, Brian P. Bailey, University
of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, USA

90
CHI 2006 MONTRÉALCONFERENCE ON HUMAN FACTORS IN COMPUTING SYSTEMSPosters, continued
077 Entity Quick Click: Rapid Text Copying Based on
Automatic Entity Extraction
Eric A. Bier, PARC, USA
Edward W. Ishak, Columbia University, USA
Ed Chi, PARC, USA
078 Broken Expectations in the Digital Home
Sara Bly, Sara Bly Consulting, USA
Bill Schilit, Intel, USA
David W. McDonald, University of Washington, USA
Barbara Rosario, Ylian Saint-Hilaire, Intel, USA

085 Tactile Crescendos and Sforzandos: Applying MusicalTechniques to Tactile Icon Design
Lorna M. Brown, Stephen A. Brewster, Helen C. Purchase,
University of Glasgow, Scotland
086 A New Perspective on Community and its Implications
for Computer-Mediated Communication Systems
Amy S. Bruckman, Georgia Institute of Technology, USA
087 VACA: A Tool for Qualitative Video Analysis
Brandon Burr, Stanford University, USA

079 PlayPals: Tangible Interfaces for Remote
Communication and Play
Leonardo Amerigo Bonanni, Jeff Lieberman, MIT, USA
Cati Vaucelle, Harvard University, USA
Orit Zuckerman, MIT, USA

088 Instant Messaging Comprehension with Non-Keyboard
Composition
Jeffrey D. Campbell, University of Maryland, Baltimore
County, USA
Christine Naclerio, Colgate University, USA

080 TapTap: A Haptic Wearable for Asynchronous
Distributed Touch Therapy
Leonardo Amerigo Bonanni, Jeff Lieberman, MIT, USA
Cati Vaucelle, Harvard University, USA
Orit Zuckerman, MIT, USA

089 Rubber Shark as User Interface
Andrew Carvey, Jim Gouldstone, MIT, USA
Pallavi Vedurumudi, Harvard University, USA
Adam Whiton, Hiroshi Ishii, MIT, USA

081 Using an Adaptive Display for the Treatment of
Emotional Disorders: A Preliminary Analysis of Effectiveness
Cristina Botella, Universitat Jaume I, Spain
Rosa Baños, Universitat de València, Spain
Beatriz Rey, Mariano Alcañiz, Universidad Politécnica deValencia, Spain
Verónica Guillén, Universitat de València, Spain
Soledad Quero, Azucena García-Palacios, Universitat Jaume
I, Spain
082 A Comparative Study of Map Use
Niels Olof Bouvin, Christina Brodersen, Susanne Bødker,
Allan Hansen, Clemens Nylandsted Klokmose, Universityof Aarhus, Denmark
083 An Evaluation of the Integrated Use of a Multimedia
Storytelling System Within a Psychotherapy Intervention for
Adolescents
Eileen Brosnan, Carol Fitzpatrick, John Sharry, Richard Boyle,
University College Dublin, Ireland
084 Feel Who’s Talking: Using Tactons for Mobile Phone
AlertsLorna M. Brown, University of Glasgow, Scotland
Topi Kaaresoja, Nokia, Finland

090 Jadoo: A Paper User Interface for Users Unfamiliar With
Computers
Aditya Chand, Carnegie Mellon University, USA
Anind Dey, Carnegie Mellon University, USA
091 Integrating Isometric Joysticks into Mobile Phones for
Text Entry
Duen Horng Chau, Jacob O. Wobbrock, Brad A. Myers,
Brandon Rothrock, Carnegie Mellon University, USA
092 An Educational Digital Library for Human-Centered
Computing
Edward C. Clarkson, Jason A. Day, James D. Foley, Georgia
Institute of Technology, USA
093 Improving Interface Designs to Help Users Choose
Better Passwords
Richard M. Conlan, Peter Tarasewich, Northeastern
University, USA
094 Board-Based Collaboration in Cross-Cultural Pairs
Gregorio Convertino, Brian Asti, Yang Zhang, Mary BethRosson, Susan Mohammed, The Pennsylvania State
University, USA
095 Experiences from the Design of a Ubiquitous
Computing System for the Blind
Vlad Coroama, ETZ Zurich, Switzerland

91
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CHI 2006 MONTRÉALPosters, continued
096 Kids as Data: Using Tangible Interaction in a Science
Exhibit
Murray Crease, National Research Council, Canada

108 Social Visualization in Software Development
Jason Ellis, Catalina Danis, Christine Halverson, Wendy
Kellogg, IBM, USA

097 Two-Handed Navigation in a Haptic Virtual
Environment
Andrew Crossan, Stephen Brewster, University of Glasgow,
Scotland109 A Study of Hand Shape Use in Tabletop GestureInteraction
Julien R. Epps, Serge Lichman, Mike Wu, National ICT
Australia, Australia

098 TimeZoom: A Flexible Detail and Context Timeline
Raimund Dachselt, Markus Weiland, Dresden University ofTechnology, Germany

110 A Discourse Model for Interaction Design Based on
Theories of Human Communication
Juergen Falb, Hermann Kaindl, Vienna University ofTechnology, Austria
Helmut Horacek, Universität des Saarlandes, Germany
Cristian Bogdan, Roman Popp, Edin Arnautovic, Vienna
University of Technology, Austria

099 Household Indicators: Design to Inform and Engage
Citizens
Janet Davis, University of Washington, USA
100 Low-Fi Prototyping for Mobile Devices
Marco de Sá, Luís Carriço, University of Lisbon, Portugal
101 Using Perceptual Grouping for Object Group Selection
Hoda Dehmeshki, Wolfgang Stuerzlinger, York University,
UK
102 Using Visualizations to Review a Group’s Interaction
Dynamics
Joan Morris DiMicco, Sun Microsystems, USA
Katherine J. Hollenbach, Walter Bender, MIT, USA

111 Availability Bars for Calendar Scheduling
Andrew Faulring, Brad A. Myers, Carnegie Mellon University,USA
112 visiBabble for Pre-Speech Feedback
Harriet Fell, Northeastern University, USA
Joel MacAuslan, Speech Technology and Applied Research
Corp., USA
Jun Gong, Northeastern University, USA
Cynthia Cress, University of Nebraska, USA
Tom Salvo, Benjamin Group LLC, USA

103 Limestick: Designing for Performer-Audience
Connection in Laptop Based Computer Music
Justin Donaldson, Indiana University, USA

113 Foundations of a Pattern Language Based on Gestalt
Principles
Karl Flieder, Felix Mödritscher, Graz University ofTechnology, Austria

104 The Korean Twiddler: One-Handed Chording Text Entry
for Korean Mobile Phones
Myungcheol Doo, Kent Lyons, Thad Starner, Georgia
Institute of Technology, USA

114 Incompatible BLOCK: Wonder Accompanied Interface
Jun Fujiki, Taketoshi Ushiama, Kiyoshi Tomimatsu, Kyushu
University, Japan

105 Sound Intensity Gradients in an Ambient Intelligence
Audio Display
Milena Droumeva, Ron Wakkary, Simon Fraser University,
Canada115 BashoCam: Collective Photographic Sequencing in
Wireless P2P Networks
Lalya Gaye, Viktoria Institute, Sweden
Svante Hermansson, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
Lars Erik Holmquist, Viktoria Institute, Sweden

106 How Much Do We Understand When Skim Reading?
Geoffrey B. Duggan, Stephen J. Payne, University ofManchester, UK

116 LifeSource: Two CVS Visualizations
Eric Gilbert, Karrie Karahalios, University of Illinois, USA

107 PersonalSoundtrack: Context-Aware Playlists That
Adapt to User Pace
Greg T. Elliott, Bill Tomlinson, University of California, Los
Angeles, USA

117 Seeing Fit: Visualizing Physical Activity in Context
Elizabeth Goodman, Brooke E. Foucault, Intel, USA

92
CHI 2006 MONTRÉALCONFERENCE ON HUMAN FACTORS IN COMPUTING SYSTEMSPosters, continued
118 Usability Error Classiﬁcation: Qualitative Data Analysis
for UX Practitioners
Lada Gorlenko, Paul Engleﬁeld, IBM, USA

129 Tangible Programming in the Classroom: A Practical
Approach
Michael S. Horn, Robert J.K. Jacob, Tufts University, USA

119 Three Robot-Rooms / The AWE Project
K. E. Green, I. D. Walker, L. J. Gugerty, J. C. Witte, Clemson
University, USA

130 Girls Don’t Waste Time
Weimin Hou, Jennifer Ng, Manpreet Kaur, Anita Komlodi,
Wayne G. Lutters, Lee Boot, University of Maryland,
Baltimore County, USA
Shelia R. Cotten, University of Alabama, USA
Claudia Morrell, A. Ant Ozok, Zeynep Tufekci, University of
Maryland, Baltimore County, USA

120 Individual Differences in Internet Search Outcomes andProcesses
Leo Gugerty, Craig Treadaway, James S. Rubinstein,Clemson University, USA
121 JamSpace: A Networked Real-Time Collaborative Music
Environment
Michael Gurevich, Institute for Infocomm Research,
Singapore
122 From the Personal to the Profound: Understanding theBlog Life Cycle
David Gurzick, Wayne G. Lutters, University of Maryland,
Baltimore County, USA
123 An Examination of User Perception and Misconceptionof Internet Cookies
Vicki Ha, Kori Inkpen, Farah Al Shaar, Lina Hdeib, Dalhousie
University, Canada
124 Effects of Alphabetical Display Formatting on Search
Time Among Chinese and American Users
Songmei Han, SUNY Oswego, USA
125 Use Your Head - Exploring Face Tracking for Mobile
Interaction
Thomas Riisgaard Hansen, University of Aarhus, Denmark
Eva E. Eriksson, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden
Andreas Lykke-Olesen, Aarhus School of Architecture,
Denmark
126 A Sense of Spatial Semantics
Matthew Hockenberry, Ted Selker, MIT, USA
127 Crossmodal Icons for Information Display
Eve E. Hoggan, Stephen A. Brewster, University of Glasgow,
Scotland
128 Fly: An Organic Presentation Tool
David Holman, Predrag Stojadinovic, Thorsten Karrer, Jan
Borchers, RWTH Aachen University, Germany

131 Tap or Touch? Pen-Based Selection Accuracy for theYoung and Old
Juan Pablo Hourcade, University of Iowa, USA
Theresa R. Berkel, Princeton University, USA
132 Bridging the Gap: Fluidly Connecting Paper Notecards
with Digital Representations for Story/Task-Based Planning
Tom Hurlbutt, Scott R. Klemmer, Stanford University, USA
133 Exploring User Experience in Blended Reality: Moving
Interactions Out of the Screen
David F. Huynh, MIT, USA
Yan Xu, Renmin University of China, China
Shuo Wang, Microsoft, China
134 No More Isolated Files: Managing Files as Social
Artifacts
Indratmo Indratmo, Julita Vassileva, University of
Saskatchewan, Canada
135 Communication Service Design by InterhumanInteraction Approach
Yoshihiro Itoh, Asami Miyajima, Kenji Ogura, Hidetoshi
Tatemichi, Takumi Watanabe, Yuichi Fujino, Kaori
Fujimura, Hitomi Sato, NTT, Inc., Japan136 Towards Computer-Supported Face-to-Face Knowledge
Sharing
Sho Iwasaki, Yasufumi Hirakawa, Harumi Mase, Eiji
Tokunaga, Tatsuo Nakajima, Waseda University, Japan
137 The Effectiveness of Social Agents in Reducing User
Frustration
Nada Jaksic, University of Rhode Island, USA
Pedro Branco, Peter Stephenson, L. Miguel Encarnacao,
IMEDIA, USA
138 Do We Need Eye Trackers to Tell Where People Look?
S. Alstrup Johansen, J. Paulin Hansen, University of
Copenhagen, Denmark
93

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CHI 2006 MONTRÉALPosters, continued
139 Tailoring Virtual Reality Technology for Stroke
Rehabilitation: A Human Factors Design
Younbo Jung, Shih-Ching Yeh, Jill Stewart, University ofSouthern California, USA
140 Geospatial Intelligence Analysis via Semantic Lensing
Nikhil Kalghatgi, Aaron Burgman, Erika Darling, Chris
Newbern, Kristine Recktenwald, Shawn Chin, Howard
Kong, The MITRE Corporation, USA
141 Castaway: A Context-Aware Task Management System
Angela M. Kessell, Christopher Chan, Stanford University,
USA
142 Non-Visual Overviews of Complex Data Sets
Johan Kildal, Stephen A. Brewster, University of Glasgow,
Scotland143 Cherish: Smart Digital Photo Frames for Sharing Social
Narratives at Home
Jeong Kim, John Zimmerman, Carnegie Mellon University,
USA
144 Task Difﬁculty as a Predictor and Indicator of Web
Searching Interaction
Jeonghyun Kim, Rutgers University, USA
145 CookieFlavors: Easy Building Blocks for WirelessTangible Input
Hiroaki Kimura, Eiji Tokunaga, Yohei Okuda, Tatsuo
Nakajima, Waseda University, Japan146 Effect of Latency of Response on Life-LikeCommunication Using a Dog-Like Robot
Yoshie Kiritani, Chiba University, Japan
Sachi Mizobuchi, Hideki Ohhashi, Nokia, Japan
147 Collaborative Simulation Interface for Planning Disaster
Measures
Kazue Kobayashi, Atsunobu Narita, Mitsunori Hirano,
Ichiro Kase, Shinetsu Tsuchida, Takaharu Omi, Tatsuhito
Kakizaki, Takuma Hosokawa, NTT Comware Co., Japan148 Targeted Steering Motions
Sergey Kulikov, Wolfgang Stuerzlinger, York University, UK
149 A Study of the Use of Mobile Phones by Older Persons
Sri H. Kurniawan, Murni Mahmud, Yanuar Nugroho, The
University of Manchester, UK

150 User-Centered Design in the Context of Large andDistributed Projects
Esko Kurvinen, University of Art & Design, Helsinki, Finland
Andy Aftelak, Motorola, Finland
Annakaisa Häyrynen, ELISA, Finland
151 Using an Intergenerational Communications System asa ‘Light-weight’ Technology Probe
Geoff C. Langdale, Judy Kay, Bob Kummerfeld, University ofSydney, Australia
152 Attention Meter: A Vision-Based Input Toolkit forInteraction Designers
Chia-Hsun Jackie Lee, Jon Wetzel, MIT, USA
Chiun-Yi Ian Jang, National Chiao Tung University, Taiwan
Yang-Ting Bowbow Shen, National Cheng Kung University,
TaiwanTing-Han Daniel Chen, National Chiao Tung University,
TaiwanTed Selker, MIT, USA
153 PmEB: A Mobile Phone Application for Monitoring
Caloric Balance
Gunny Lee, Chris Tsai, William G. Griswold, Fred Raab, Kevin
Patrick, University of California, San Diego, USA
154 Understanding How Bloggers Feel: Recognizing Affectin Blog Posts
Gilly Leshed, Joseph ‘Joﬁsh’ Kaye, Cornell University, USA
155 The Role of The Interaction Designer in an Agile
Software Development Process
Matthew A. Lievesley, Joyce S. R. Yee, Northumbria
University, UK
156 Designing Appropriate Affordances for Electronic Photo
Sharing Media
Sian E. Lindley, Andrew F. Monk, University of York, UK
157 Affective Diary - Designing for Bodily Expressivenessand Self-Reﬂection
Madlene Lindström, Anna Ståhl, Kristina Höök, Petra
Sundström, Jarmo Laaksolahti, Swedish Institute ofComputer Science, Sweden
Marco Combetto, Alex Taylor, Microsoft, UK
Roberto Bresin, TMH, KTH, Sweden
158 Informal Communication in Collaboratories
Airong Luo, Judith S. Olson, University of Michigan, USA
159 Telebuddies: Social Stitching with Interactive Television
Kris Luyten, Kristof Thys, Steven Huypens, Karin Coninx,
Hasselt University, Belgium

94
CHI 2006 MONTRÉALCONFERENCE ON HUMAN FACTORS IN COMPUTING SYSTEMSPosters, continued
160 Preliminary Evaluation of a Synchronous Co-LocatedEducational Simulation Framework
Leilah Blakeney Lyons, Joseph C. Lee, Christopher Quintana,
Elliot Soloway, University of Michigan, USA
161 Measuring Multiple Components of Emotions inInteractive Contexts
Sascha Mahlke, Michael Minge, Manfred Thüring, Berlin
University of Technology, Germany
162 Technology for Design Education: A Case Study
Heidy Maldonado, Brian Lee, Scott Klemmer, Stanford
University, USA
163 Full-Time Wearable Headphone-Type Gaze Detector
Hiroyuki Manabe, Masaaki Fukumoto, NTT DoCoMo, Japan
164 Engaging with a Situated Display via Picture Messaging
Karen Martin, Alan Penn, University College London, UK
Lesley Gavin, BT Group, UK
165 Neurophysiologically Driven Image Triage: A Pilot
Study
Santosh A. Mathan, Stephen Whitlow, Honeywell Labs, USA
Deniz Erdogmus, Misha Pavel, Oregon Health and Science
University, USA
Patricia Ververs, Michael Dorneich, Honeywell Labs, USA
166 Design of a Role-Playing Game to Study the Trajectories
of Health Care Workers in an Operating RoomElisa Mattarelli, University of Modena and Reggio Emelia,
Italy
Kelly J. Fadel, Suzanne P. Weisband, The University of
Arizona, USA
167 Being Accurate is Not Enough: How Accuracy Metrics
Have Hurt Recommender Systems
Sean M. McNee, John Riedl, Joseph A. Konstan, Universityof Minnesota, USA
168 Making Recommendations Better: An Analytic Modelfor Human-Recommender Interaction
Sean M. McNee, John Riedl, Joseph A. Konstan, Universityof Minnesota, USA
169 subjEQt: Controlling an Equalizer through Subjective
Terms
Sebastian Mecklenburg, Jörn Loviscach, University ofApplied Sciences, Germany

170 Design Research - Human-Computer Interaction andWeaving
Agata Michalska, Concordia University, Canada
171 Evaluating e-Commerce Environments: Approaches to
Cross-Disciplinary Investigation
Shailey Minocha, Marian Petre, Ekaterini Tzanidou, Geke vanDijk, The Open University, UK
Dave Roberts, IBM, USA
Nick Gassman, British Airways Plc, UK
Nicola Millard, BT Plc, UK
Barry Day, National Patient Safety Agency, UK
David Travis, Userfocus, UK
172 Supporting Children’s Rhythm Learning Using Vibration
Devices
Sosuke Miura, Masanori Sugimoto, University of Tokyo,
Japan
173 Airhockey Over a Distance
Florian ‘Floyd’ Mueller, Luke Cole, Shannon O’Brien, Wouter
Walmink, CSIRO, Australia
174 The Traveling Cafe: A Communication Encouraging
System for Partitioned Ofﬁces
Toshihiko Nakano, Keita Kamewada, Jun Sugito, Yoshiyuki
Nagaoka, Kanayo Ogura, Kazushi Nishimoto, Japan
Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Japan
175 Disruption of Meetings by Laptop Use: Is There a 10Second Solution?
William Newman, Consultant, UK
Ethan L. Smith, University College London, UK
176 Whisper: Analysis and Design for a Community Event
ServiceJennifer Ng, Jonathan Terleski, Jason Hong, Carnegie
Mellon University, USA
177 Cues in the Environment: A Design Principle forAmbient Intelligence
Christoph Obermair, Bernd Ploderer, Wolfgang Reitberger,
Manfred Tscheligi, University of Salzburg, Austria
178 ChaTEL: A Voice Communication System for Facilitating
Multithreaded Conversation
Kanayo Ogura, Kazushi Nishimoto, Japan Advanced Instituteof Science and Technology, Japan
179 Aggregate Pointers to Support Large Group
Collaboration using Telepointers
Noritaka Osawa, National Institute of Multimedia Education,
Japan
95

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CHI 2006 MONTRÉALPosters, continued
180 Quantifying Interpersonal Inﬂuence in Face-to-faceConversations based on Visual Attention Patterns
Kazuhiro Otsuka, NTT Communication Science Labs, Japan
Junji Yamato, Yoshinao Takemae, NTT Cyber Solutions Labs,Japan
Hiroshi Murase, Nagoya University, Japan

191 Collaborative Multimedia Learning Environments
Scott G. Pobiner, Harvard University, USA

181 A Study of Reviews and Ratings on the Internet
Muzaffer Ozakca, Youn-kyung Lim, Indiana University, USA

193 Voronoi Diagrams, Vectors, and the Visually Impaired
Christopher Power, Dawn Gill, Mark Daley, University ofWestern Ontario, Canada

182 Privacy and Self-Disclosure Online
Carina B. Paine, Adam N. Joinson, The Open University, UK
Tom Buchanan, University of Westminster, UK
Ulf-Dietrich Reips, University of Zurich, Switzerland

194 PreSenseII: Bi-Directional Touch and Pressure Sensing
Interactions with Tactile Feedback
Jun Rekimoto, Carsten Schwesig, Sony, Japan

183 Designing an Immersive Tour Experience System for
Cultural Tour Sites
Doyun Park, Chung-Kon Shi, Tek-Jin Nam, Korea Advanced
Institute of Science & Technology, Republic of Korea

195 Unfolding The User Experience in New Scenarios of
Pervasive Interactive TV
Anxo Cereijo Roibas, University of Brighton, UK
Stephen Johnson, British Telecom, UK

184 Sharable Digital TV: Relating Ethnography to Design
Through Un-Useless Product Suggestions
Jisoo Park, The Korean National University of Arts, Republicof Korea
Mark Blythe, Andrew Monk, David Grayson, University ofYork, UK

196 Tableau Machine: An Alien Presence in the Home
Mario Romero, Zachary Pousman, Michael Mateas, Georgia
Institute of Technology, USA

185 An Interactive Speech Interface for Summarizing Agile
Project Planning Meetings
Shelly Park, Jörg Denzinger, Frank Maurer, Ehud Sharlin,
University of Calgary, Canada
186 Glume: Exploring Materiality in a Soft Augmented
Modular Modeling System
Amanda J. Parkes, Vincent LeClerc, Hiroshi Ishii, MIT, USA
187 Gameplay Issues in the Design of Spatial 3D Gestures
for Video GamesJohn Payne, Paul Keir, Jocelyn Elgoyhen, Mairghread
McLundie, Martin Naef, Martyn Horner, Paul Anderson,
Glasgow School of Art, Scotland
188 Presentation Discovery: Building A Better Icon
Philip R.O. Payne, Justin Starren, Columbia University, USA
189 Tamil Market: A Spoken Dialog System for Rural India
Madelaine Plauché, International Computer Science Institute,
USA
Madhu Prabaker, Carnegie Mellon University, USA96

192 D20: Interaction with Multifaceted Display Devices
Ivan Poupyrev, Henry Newton-Dunn, Sony, France
Olivier Bau, LRI/INRIA Futurs, France

190 Universal Design for Mobile Phones: A Case Study
Ornella Plos, Stephanie Buisine, Ecole Nationale Superieured’Arts et Metiers, France
CHI 2006 MONTRÉAL

197 Uniﬁed Associative Information Storage and Retrieval
Brandon Rothrock, Brad A. Myers, Sophie H. Wang, Carnegie
Mellon University, USA
198 Put a Grammar Here: Bi-Directional Parsing in
Multimodal Interaction
Frank Rudzicz, McGill University, Canada
199 Supporting Telepresence by Visual and Physical Cues inDistributed 3D Collaborative Design Environments
Kyung Sakong, Tek-jin Nam, Korea Advanced Institute of
Science and Technology, Republic of Korea
200 RFID Assistance System for Faster Book Search in
Public Libraries
Lalatendu Satpathy, Anijo Punnen Mathew, Mississippi State
University, USA
201 Utilizing Mobile Phones as Ambient Information
Displays
Albrecht Schmidt, University of Munich, Germany
Jonna Häkkilä, Nokia, Finland
Richard Atterer, Enrico Rukzio, Paul Holleis, University of
Munich, Germany
202 Usability of Interaction Patterns
Katarina S. A. Segerståhl, Timo Jokela, University of Oulu,
Finland

CONFERENCE ON HUMAN FACTORS IN COMPUTING SYSTEMSPosters, continued
203 The Whereabouts Clock: Early Testing of a Situated
Awareness Device
Abigail Sellen, Rachel Eardley, Shahram Izadi, Richard
Harper, Microsoft, UK
204 SMMAPS: Scenario-Based Multimedia Manual
Authoring and Presentation System and its Application to a
Disaster Evacuation Manual for Special Needs
Hideaki Shimada, Muneo Kitajima, National Institute ofAdvanced Industrial Science and Technology, Japan
205 A History-Centric Approach for Enhancing Web
Browsing Experiences
Yoshinari Shirai, NTT Corporation, Japan
Yasuhiro Yamamoto, Kumiyo Nakakoji, University of Tokyo,
Japan
206 Mobile Interaction Using Paperweight Metaphor
Itiro Siio, Hitomi Tsujita, Ochanomizu University, Japan
207 Changes in Online Health Usage Over the Last Five
Years
Elizabeth Sillence, Pam Briggs, Northumbria University, UK
Peter Harris, Shefﬁeld University, UK
Lesley Fishwick, Northumbria University, UK
208 Experiences in Designing the Information Architecture
for a Pediatric Symptom Assessment Tool
Laura A. Slaughter, Cornelia M. Ruland, Torun Marie Vatne,
Rikshospitalet-Radiumhospitalet RH, Norway
209 PaperSpace: A System for Managing Digital and Paper
Documents
Jeff Smith, Jeremy Long, Tanya Lung, Mohd M. Anwar,
Sriram Subramanian, University of Saskatchewan, Canada
210 Multimodal Spatial Reference in MediatedEnvironments: Users’ Preferences and the Pragmatics ofPointing and Talking
Anna Spagnolli, Luciano Gamberini, University of Padova,
Italy
211 Minnesang: Speak Medieval German
Daniel Spelmezan, Jan Borchers, RWTH Aachen University,
Germany
212 Transition Relevance Place: A Proposal for Adaptive
User Interface in Natural Language Dialog Management
Systems
Osamuyimen Thompson Stewart, Juan M. Huerta, IBM, USA

213 Waypointing and Social Tagging to Support Program
Navigation
Margaret-Anne Storey, University of Victoria, Canada
Li-Te Cheng, IBM, USA
R. Ian Bull, Peter C. Rigby, University of Victoria, Canada
214 Gender Differences in Trust Perception When Using IM
and Video
Xiaoning Sun, Qiping Zhang, Susan Wiedenbeck, Thippaya
Chintakovid, Drexel University, USA
215 Factors Deﬁning Face-to-face Interruptions in the Ofﬁce
Environment
Agnieszka Matysiak Szóstek, Panos Markopoulos, Technische
Universiteit Eindhoven, Netherlands
216 nReader: Reading News Quickly, Deeply, and Vividly
Wang Wang Taifeng, Yu Yu Nenghai, University of Scienceand Technology of China, China
Li Li Zhiwei, Li Li Mingjing, Microsoft, China
217 Trust as an Underlying Factor of System Administrator
Interface Choice
Leila Takayama, Stanford University, USA
Eser Kandogan, IBM, USA
218 Estimating Human Interruptibility in the Home for
Remote Communication
Yoshinao Takemae, Keio University, Japan
Takehiko Ohno, Ikuo Yoda, NTT Corporation, Japan
Shinji Ozawa, Keio University, Japan
219 New Findings on Pupil Response in Gazing to Flashed
Divided Displays
Shun’ichi Tano, Masaru Ogawa, Mitsuru Iwata, Tomonori
Hashiyama, University of Electro-Communication, Japan
220 Protecting Private Data in PublicPeter Tarasewich, Jun Gong, Richard Conlan, Northeastern
University, USA
221 How People Recall Search Result Lists
Jaime Teevan, MIT, USA
222 Comparisons of Keystroke-Level Model Predictions toObserved Data
Leonghwee Teo, Bonnie E. John, Carnegie Mellon University,
USA

97
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CHI 2006 MONTRÉALPosters, continued
223 Does Habituation Affect Fingerprint Quality?
Mary F. Theofanos, Ross J. Micheals, Jean C. Scholtz, Emile
L. Morse, National Institute of Standards and Techology,
USA
Peter S. May, George Washington University, USA
224 Beyond Just the Facts: Transforming the Museum
Learning Experience
Jennifer Thom-Santelli, Kirsten Boehner, Geri Gay, Helene
Hembrooke, Cornell University, USA
225 Shaping User Input in Speech Grafﬁti: A First Pass
Stefanie Tomko, Roni Rosenfeld, Carnegie Mellon University,
USA
226 The EcoRaft Project: A Multi-Device Interactive
Graphical Exhibit for Learning About Restoration Ecology
Bill Tomlinson, Man Lok Yau, Eric Baumer, Sara Goetz, Lynn
Carpenter, Riley Pratt, Kristin Young, Calen May-Tobin,
University of California, Los Angeles, USA
227 Usable Browsers for Ontological Knowledge Acquisition
Alicia Tribble, Carolyn Rose, Carnegie Mellon University,
USA
228 Multi-Channel Consumer Behavior: Online and Ofﬂine
Travel Preparations
Geke van Dijk, Shailey Minocha, Angus W. Laing, The Open
University, UK
229 Interview Viz: Visualization-Assisted Photo Elicitation
Nancy A. Van House, University of California, Berkeley, USA
230 Introducing Human-Centered Research to Game Design:
Designing Game Concepts For and With Senior Citizens
Veronika A. Vanden Abeele, Veerle Van Rompaey, Leuven
Engineering School, Belgium
231 A Magic Box for Understanding Intergenerational PlayFrank Vetere, Hilary Davis, Martin R. Gibbs, Peter Francis,
Steve Howard, The University of Melbourne, Australia
232 My MDE: Conﬁguring Virtual Workspaces in MultiDisplay Environments
Vicki Ha, Jim Wallace, Ryder Ziola, Kori Inkpen, Dalhousie
University, Canada
233 Swordﬁsh: User Tailored Workspaces in Multi-Display
Environments
Jim Wallace, Ryder Ziola, Vicki Ha, Kori Inkpen, Dalhousie
University, Canada

234 End-User Place Annotation on Mobile Devices:
A Comparative Study
Jingtao Wang, John F. Canny, University of California at
Berkeley, USA
235 Public Social Private Design (PSPD)
Andrew Warr, Eamonn O’Neill, University of Bath, UK
236 Visual Resonator: Interface for Interactive Cocktail Party
Phenomenon
Junji Watanabe, PRESTO Japan Science and Technology
Agency, Japan
Hideaki Nii, Yuki Hashimoto, Masahiko Inami, The University
of Electro-Communications, Japan
237 Audio Tools for Sports Fan Interaction
Matthew Weldon, Indiana University, USA
238 User Experiences with Sharing and Access Control
Tara Whalen, Dalhousie University, Canada
Diana Smetters, Elizabeth F. Churchill, PARC, USA
239 The Message Center: Enhancing Elder Communication
Jennifer Wiley, Ja-young Sung, Gregory Abowd, Georgia
Institute of Technology, USA
240 Exploring Wearable Ambient Displays for Social
Awareness
Amanda M. Williams, University of California, Irvine, USA
Shelly Farnham, Scott Counts, Microsoft, USA
241 HotWire: An apparatus for Simulating Primary Tasks in
Wearable Computing
Hendrik Witt, University of Bremen, Germany
Mikael Drugge, Lulea University of Technology, Sweden
242 Marmite: End-User Programming for the Web
Jeffrey Y. Wong, Jason I. Hong, Carnegie Mellon University,
USA
243 Visualization Techniques for Collaborative TrajectoryManagement
Yan Xiao, Melissa M. Strader, Peter Hu, University of
Maryland School of Medicine, USA
Matin Wasei, Peter Wieringa, Technical University Delft,
Netherlands
244 Sheep and Wolves - Test Bed for Human-Robot
Interaction
Min Xin, Ehud Sharlin, University of Calgary, Canada

98
CHI 2006 MONTRÉALCONFERENCE ON HUMAN FACTORS IN COMPUTING SYSTEMSPosters, continued
245 Emoticons Convey Emotions without Cognition ofFaces: An fMRI Study
Masahide Yuasa, Keiichi Saito, Naoki Mukawa, Tokyo Denki
University, Japan
246 A Usability Evaluation Method for e-Learning: Focus on
Motivation to Learn
Panagiotis Zaharias, Athens University of Economics andBusiness, Greece
247 Imlooking: Image-Based Face Retrieval in Online Dating
Proﬁle Search
Leizhong Zhang, Qiong Yang, Ta Bao, Dave Vronay, Xiaoou
Tang, Microsoft, China
248 The Design of an Interactive and Dynamic
Representation of the Firm
Lin Zhao, Julia Grant, Fred Collopy, Case Western Reserve
University, USA
249 Exploratory Inspection: A Learning Model for Improving
Open Source Software Usability
Luyin Zhao, Rutgers University, USA
Fadi P. Deek, New Jersey Institute of Technology, USA
250 BodyBeats: Whole-Body, Musical Interfaces for Children
Jamie Zigelbaum, Tufts University, USA
Amon Millner, MIT, USA
Bella Desai, Harvard University, USA
Hiroshi Ishii, MIT, USA
251 Whither or Whether HCI: Requirements Analysis forMulti-Sited, Multi-User Cyberinfrastructures
Ann Zimmerman, Bonnie A. Nardi, University of California,
Irvine, USA
252 Navigating Persistent Audio
Aaron R. Zinman, Judith Donath, MIT, USA

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CHI 2006 MONTRÉALExhibits
Addison Wesley

IntuitBooth O
Addison Wesley is the premier publisher of User Interface
books. Premier titles include: Web Usability: A User-Centered
Design Approach by Lazar, DTUI by Shneiderman/Plaisantand Designing Interactive Systems by Benyon/Turner/Turner.

Booths Q & 16
(Champion Sponsor, Recruiter)
At Intuit, we know that our employees make the company
great. We know that our customers inspire great products.
Visit our booth to learn more about how Intuit values User
Experience and what we have to offer.

eBay, Inc.
Booth 1
(Contributing Sponsor, Recruiter)
eBay’s User Experience & Design group generates user
insights, designs global products, and creates a long-term
user experience vision to address current and future userneeds and opportunities.
EthnioBooth 12
Bolt | Peters User Experience presents Ethnio. The ﬁrst remoteusability testing web application that allows you to observefrom anywhere, record video and audio, and recruit users live
from the web. Moderated remote usability. Simpliﬁed.
FILTER/TALENT
Booth 10(Recruiter)
FILTER/TALENT: a recruitment agency connecting UI andvisual designers with hiring managers and HR departments,
solving resource needs for web, software, and consumer
product development. On-site/off-site or direct hire.
Google, Inc.
Booth D
(Champion Sponsor, Recruiter)
Google’s ease of use is the result of a continued focus on
putting the user ﬁrst. Interested in the challenge of making
information accessible? We’re hiring and would love to talkto you!
Human Factors International, Inc.
Booth 9(Recruiter)
HFI provides complete ongoing support for usability
operations, including unique experts, local staff, global
resources, methodology, toolsets, standards, training,and certiﬁcation. See Eric Schaffer’s Institutionalization of
Usability: A Step-by-Step Guide.

Lawrence Erlbaum Associates
Booth 15
LEA publishes the scholarly journals, Human-Computer
Interaction and International Journal of Human-Computer
Interaction as well as cutting edge books and other journals
in HCI, human factors, CSCW, educational technology,
cognitive science, applied psychology, and related researchdisciplines.
LC Technologies/Eyegaze Systems
Booth 20
Eyegaze EyeFollower System: totally free head movement
throughout 20 x 12 x 15 inches, automatic eye acquisition,
0.45 degree binocular gazepoint tracking accuracy. Also
preview our next generation inexpensive ﬁrewire binocular
eyetracker.
Mangold International GmbH
Booth 3
We offer professional software solutions for the collection,transcription, and analysis of observational data in usabilityand HCI-research – successfully used all over the world.
Microsoft Corporation
Booths B & C(Champion Sponsor, Recruiter)
Our mission is to enable people and businesses throughout
the world to realize their full potential. Try out our latest
software and connect with the people behind it. Check out
our latest career opportunities as well.
Mobience
Booth 7
Universal text entry solution for a variety of mobile devices,
including handsets, joysticks, gamepads, and pen devices.
This solution is quite efﬁcient, highly learnable, andgenerally extendable.

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Morgan Kaufmann Publishers (an imprint of Elsevier)

SensoMotoric Instruments

Booth 2Morgan Kaufmann, an imprint of Elsevier, works withleading computer scientists to publish books for researchers,
professionals and students in human-computer interaction,
computer architecture, databases/networking, graphics/
gaming, and software engineering.

Booth 8SensoMotoric Instruments designs vision research systems
for easy and ﬂexible solutions in psychology, usability,
advertising, etc. SMI products measure gaze path, ﬁxations,pupil size, attention, saccades, and dwell time.
Springer

Noldus Information Technology
Booths G & H
Computer software and integrated systems for HCI researchand usability testing. Tape-free mobile and stationary labs.
Visit www.noldus.com/usability for information regarding
new products. Contact us for special conference prices.

Booth K
Take your research and skills to the next level with Springer.
Stop by our booth to discover an authoritative range books
and journals in CHI. Save 20% on all titles.
St. Jude Medical, Inc.

NTT Resonant, Inc.

Booth 18
(Recruiter)

Booth 13
The multimedia search of “goo” has a feature to browse thesearched images at a glance with a mouse wheel and to sortthem by similarities. Its XML interfaces seamlessly integrate
it into the business applications. http://mm.bsearch.goo.ne.jp

St. Jude Medical’s Design Team has the central role increating useable interfaces for an expanding portfolio oflife-saving medical products. Stop by to discover rewarding
career opportunities.

Salesforce.com
Booth 21(Recruiter)
The success of salesforce.com is a testament to thecommitment to our solution’s ease of use, global adoption,
and a loyal community of over 400,000 users. Contribute
your talents to the User Experience team and help elevate
our products and services to a whole new level.
Samsung Electronics Co. Ltd.
Booth 6The Interaction Part of Samsung Electronics presents its
recent research results related to user experience and newinteraction developments.

TaskArchitect
Booth IYou know what task analysis is. You know it’s good for you.
Don Norman is saying we all need to do more of it. Comeby our booth and see how easy it can be with TaskArchitect.
Pick up a 30-day free trial while you’re here.
Taylor and Francis
Booth 19
With over two hundred years’ publishing experience,
international ofﬁces and over 1050 titles in print, Taylor &Francis is a world leading publisher of academic journals. All
Taylor & Francis journals have their own web pages with fulljournal information. Visit us at our booth.
TEA Intrinsic faceLab

SAP
Booths A & 22
(Champion Sponsor, Recruiter)As the world’s third-largest independent software provider,
SAP delivers business solutions to more than 28,000
customers in more than 120 countries. Connect with usability
professionals at our booth.

Booth E
faceLAB: non-contact stereoscopic system for real-timetracking of head pose in 3D, gaze direction (2 eyes) and eyes’
behaviour.
CAPTIV: data acquisition and synchronization system forvideo, measurements, and observations.

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CHI 2006 MONTRÉALExhibits, continued
TechSmith Corporation

VMware, Inc.

Booth P
TechSmith Corporation is the creator of Morae - a software
solution to usability testing. Morae makes usability testing
accessible, affordable, and hassle-free.

Booth F
Recruiter

The MIT Press
Booth 5The MIT Press publishes books in computer-humaninteraction and related ﬁelds of interest. Please come by ourbooth and receive a 20% discount on our newest and classic
titles. http://mitpress.mit.edu
ThoughtForm and Alucid Solution
Booth LThoughtForm makes complex information clear in ﬁve
design areas: branding, interactive, print, packaging, andenvironments. Alucid Solution provides user experience
research and usability labs to enable a better understandingof your user.
Tobii Technology, Inc.
Booth 4
Tobii Technology manufactures eye tracking technology. Our
hardware and software make usability studies much easierand give a powerful new stream of data. Use your eyes.

VMware is the global leader in virtual infrastructure software
for industry standard systems. We are always on the lookout
for talented individuals across all functions who share ourpassion for technology, excellence, and innovation.
Wiley
Booth 14
As a publisher, Wiley is proud to offer comprehensive
coverage of the most current topics in Human-Computer
Interaction today. Stop by our stand for the ﬁrst exclusive
look at the forthcoming new edition of our global bestseller,
Interaction Design, by Sharp, Preece, and Rogers.
Yahoo! Inc.
Booths R & 17
(Champion Sponsor, Recruiter)
Yahoo’s User Experience and Design Team creates products
and services that bring the world together. Help 429 million
people connect with each other and the information mostimportant to them. Drop by to discover our rewarding career
opportunities.

Ubisoft
Booth 11
Ubisoft is a leading international developer, publisher, anddistributor of interactive entertainment products. Since
its founding in 1986, Ubisoft has experienced strong,
continuous growth thanks to its strategy of internal growthplus carefully targeted acquisitions with high growthpotential.
UserZoom
Booth N
Xperience Consulting presents UserZoom, an AutomatedRemote Usability testing tool. Test users at their naturalcontext and quantify usability and UX of digital interfaces
with large volumes of users who are geographicallydispersed.

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CHI 2006 MONTRÉAL

ticket standcloakroombus

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men’s washroom

LegendUse escalators to
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Main Entrance for
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Access to CHI 2006 is through the West Lobby
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Palais des congres de Montréal

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CHI 2006 MONTRÉALExhibit &Poster Area

Refer to the
Posters/Exhibits tab
for a detailed layoutof the commons

Commons
Hall 210

General assistance when the
Commons is closed

Entrance to the CommonsCHI Store

Information Booth

Chi 2006 Registration

Levels 2 & 4
CHI 2006 Registration & Commons
Quiet Roomfor Motherswith Infants
Room 440

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CHI 2006 MONTRÉAL

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