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IEICE Technical Report
HIP2018-40 (2018-08)ϐΞϊԋ૗ʹ͓͚Δ͕͋ΓཁҼ-‫ه‬Աͷࠞཚʹண໨ͯ͠ੴ‫ؙ‬ྯࢠ†‫ݹ‬԰৾Ұ††௕ాయࢠ†† ؔ੢ֶӃେֶ େֶӃཧ޻ֶ‫ڀݚ‬Պ ˟669-1337 ฌ‫ֶࢢాࡾݝݿ‬Ԃ 2-1†† ιχʔίϯϐϡʔλαΠΤϯε‫˟ ॴڀݚ‬141-0022 ౦‫౎ژ‬඼઒۠౦‫ޒ‬൓ా 3-14-13
E-mail: †{rishimar,nagata}@kwansei.ac.jp, ††auditory.motor@gmail.com͋Β·͠ ຊ‫ڀݚ‬͸ɼ297 ਓͷϐΞϊԋ૗ऀΛର৅ʹ࣭ͨ͠໰ࢴௐࠪΛߦ͍ɼԋ૗ຊ൪ʹ‫ݟ‬ΒΕΔ‫ۓ‬ு‫ݱ‬৅ʢ͕͋ΓʣͷཁҼΛ‫ݕ‬౼ͨ͠ɽ୳ࡧతҼࢠ෼ੳͷ݁Ռɼԋ૗தͷ͕͋Γ͸ 8 Ҽࢠɼੑ֨ಛੑ͸ 5 Ҽࢠʹ෼ྨ͞Εɼ͞ΒʹϐΞϊԋ૗ʹΑΔ͕͋Γ͸ॲཧࢿ‫ݯ‬ෆ଍͕‫ݪ‬ҼͱͳΔ܏޲͕‫ݟ‬ΒΕͨɽԋ૗தͷҼࢠؒͷؔ܎Λಉఆ͢ΔͨΊɼ‫ڞ‬෼ࢄߏ଄෼ੳʹΑΓ͕͋Γͷ‫ػ‬ংϞσϧΛߏஙͨ͠ɽಘΒΕͨϞσϧ͔Βɼ͕͋ΓʹΑΔ‫ه‬Աͷࠞཚʹண໨ͯ͠‫ݕ‬౼Λߦͬͨ݁Ռɼ‫ه‬Աͷࠞཚ͸ԋ૗தʹ‫ͨͬ͜ى‬ग़དྷࣄʹରॲ͠Α͏ͱͯ͠Ҿ͖‫͜͞ى‬Εͯ͠·͏Մೳੑ͕‫ݟ‬ΒΕͨɽ͞Βʹ‫ه‬ԱͷࠞཚΛ‫͜͠ى‬΍͍͢ਓ͸ਆ‫ܦ‬঱܏޲ɼެతࣗ‫ݾ‬ҙࣝɼࣗ৴ܽ೗ͷߴ͍ਓͰ͋Δ͜ͱ͕֬ೝ͞ΕͨɽΩʔϫʔυ͕͋Γɼԋ૗ෆ҆ɼਫ਼ਆతͳετϨεɼҼࢠ෼ੳɼ‫ڞ‬෼ࢄߏ଄෼ੳ

Psychological factors of choking under pressure among pianists-What triggers memory slip?Reiko ISHIMARU† , Shinichi FURUYA†† , and Noriko NAGATA†† School of Science and Technology, Kwansei Gakuin University, Gakuen 2-1, Sanda, Hyogo, 669-1337 Japan†† Sony Computer Science Laboratories, 3-14-13, Higashigotanda, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 141-0022 Japan
E-mail: †{rishimar,nagata}@kwansei.ac.jp, ††auditory.motor@gmail.com
Abstract This study aimed at determining attributes ofʠchoking under pressureʡin musical performance among
pianists. Using questionnaires collected from 297 pianists, both factor analysis and structural equation modelling
identiﬁed 8 fundamental factors and their inter-relationship as well as some speciﬁc factors related to musiciansʟ
memory slip. As a result of examination focusing on musiciansʟ memory slip from the obtained model, musiciansʟmemory slip may be caused by trying to control some event occurred during the performance. Furthermore, those
who are easy to slip of memory have high neuroticism, public self-consciousness or lack of conﬁdence.
Key words choking under pressure, stage fright, psychological stress, factor analysis, covariance structure analysis
ɹઌߦ‫Ͱڀݚ‬͸ɼ͕͋Γ࣌ʹ͸৺ཧ໘ɼੜཧ໘ɼߦಈ໘ͷ 3 ଆ

1. ͸ ͡ Ί ʹ໘ʹ͓͍ͯଟ༷ͳมԽ͕ੜ͡Δͱใࠂ͞Ε͍ͯΔ [2]ɽ஫ҙͷมߴ౓ͳٕज़Λඞཁͱ͢ΔϐΞϊԋ૗ऀʹͱͬͯɼϓϨογϟʔԼͰύϑΥʔϚϯεΛे෼ʹൃ‫͢ش‬Δ͜ͱ͸༰қͰ͸ͳ͍ɽଟ͘ͷϐΞϊԋ૗ऀ͕ɼ‫ۓʹ୺ۃ‬ு͢Δ͜ͱʹΑͬͯɼύϑΥʔϚϯε͕௿Լͯ͠͠·͏͜ͱ͕͋ΔɽΕ͓ͯΓɼͦΕΒ͸ओʹɼετϨεঢ়‫گ‬Լʹ͓͍ͯɼࣗಈԽ͞Εͨӡಈʹରͯ͠ա৒ʹ஫ҙΛ޲͚Δ͜ͱ͕୤ࣗಈԽΛಋ͖ɼύϑΥʔϚϯε͕௿Լ͢Δͱ͍͏ҙࣝతॲཧԾઆ [3] ͱɼετɹ͜ͷΑ͏ͳ‫ݱ‬৅͸ɼҰൠʹ͕͋Γͱ‫ݺ‬͹ΕΔɽBaumeisterʢ1984ʣ͸ɼಛఆͷঢ়‫͍ߴ͍͓ͯʹگ‬ύϑΥʔϚϯεΛൃ‫͢ش‬Δ͜ͱͷॏཁੑΛߴΊΔҼࢠ΍Ҽࢠͷ૊Έ߹ΘͤΛϓϨογϟʔͱ͠ɼϓϨογϟʔʹΑΓύϑΥʔϚϯε͕௿Լ͢Δ‫ݱ‬৅Λ͕͋Γʢchoking under pressureʣͱ‫ݺ‬Μͩ [1]ɽԽͱ͍͏ೝ஌తଆ໘͔Β͕͋ΓΛઆ໌ͨ͠ෳ਺ͷԾઆ΋ఏএ͞Ϩεঢ়‫گ‬Լʹ͓͍ͯɼෆ҆΍ௌऺͳͲɼӡಈҎ֎ͷର৅Λա৒ʹҙࣝ͢Δ͜ͱʹΑͬͯɼӡಈ਱ߦʹඞཁͳॲཧࢿ‫͕ݯ‬ෆ଍ͯ͠ύϑΥʔϚϯε͕௿Լ͢Δͱ͍͏ॲཧࢿ‫ݯ‬ෆ଍Ծઆ [4] ʹେผͰ͖Δɽ͜ΕΒͷೋͭͷԾઆ͸૬൓͢Δೝ஌తมԽʹΑ͕ͬͯ͋ΓΛઆ໌͢ΔԾઆͱ‫͑ݴ‬Δɽ

― 9 ―This article is a technical report without peer review, and its polished and/or extended version may be published elsewhere.
Copyright ©2018 by IEICEɹଜࢁɾؔ໼ʢ2012ʣ͸εϙʔπʹ͓͚Δ͕͋ΓཁҼΛநग़͠ɼ͢΂ͯௐࠪͰ͖ΔΑ͏ʹ࡞੒ͨ͠ɽଜࢁΒ (2012) ͕࡞੒ͨͦ͠ͷ‫ػ‬ংϞσϧΛ࠾୒ͨ͠ [5]ɽϐΞϊԋ૗ͱεϙʔπ͸େ͖51 ߲໨Λԋ૗ऀ༻ʹมߋͨ͠ [5]ɽ·ͨɼ͜ΕΒͷ߲໨͸΋ͱ͘෼͚ͯ 2 ͭͷҧ͍͕͋Δɽ1 ͭ໨͸ɼ‫ه‬ԱͰ͋ΔɽϐΞϊԋ΋ͱεϙʔπʹґଘ߲ͨ͠໨Ͱ͋ΔͷͰɼฏࢁ (2016) ͕ߦͬͨ૗͸ɼଟ͚Ε͹ 1 ෼ؒʹ໿ 1800 ‫ݸ‬ͷԻΛ‫ه‬Ա͠ͳ͚Ε͹ͳΒԋ૗ऀʹର͢Δ͕͋Γͷ࣭໰ࢴௐࠪͷ߲໨͔Β 30 ߲໨Λ෇͚ͣɼԋ໨Λ‫ه‬Ա͠ͳ͚Ε͹ͳΒͳ͍ϑΟΪϡΞεέʔτͳͲͷՃ͑ͨ [6]ɽ͞ΒʹɼϐΞϊԋ૗ऀಛ༗ͷ߲໨ʢe.g ʮ‫ݤ‬൫͕ॏεϙʔπͱൺ΂ͯ΋ܻҧ͍ʹଟ͍ɽ2 ͭ໨͸ɼܳज़ੑͰ͋Δɽ

͘ɼ͋Δ͍͸ܰ͘‫͡ײ‬ΒΕͨʯʣΛ෇͚଍͠ɼ76 ߲໨ͷ࣭໰߲εϙʔπ͸෺ཧྔͰউͪෛ͚͕ܾ·͓ͬͯΓɼ໨త͕໌͕֬ͩɼ໨ͱͨ͠ɽͳ͓ɼੑ֨ಛੑͱ͕͋Γ‫ݧܦ‬ͷճ౴ํࣜ͸ʮ1ɿ·ͬϐΞϊԋ૗͸Ͳ͏஄͚͹ਖ਼ղ͔ͱ͍͏ͷ͸໌֬ʹܾ·͓ͬͯΒͨ͘౰ͯ͸·Βͳ͍ʯ͔Βʮ5ɿͱͯ΋౰ͯ͸·Δʯͷ̑݅๏ͣɼϐΞϊԋ૗ऀ͸ͦͷ‫ۂ‬Λࣗ෼ͳΓʹղऍͯ͠஄͔ͳ͚Ε͹ͱͨ͠ɽ͜ΕΒͷ࣭໰߲໨Ͱ༧උௐࠪΛߦ͍ɼ࣭໰߲໨ͷमਖ਼ͳΒͳ͍ɽҎ্ͷ 2 ఺ΑΓɼϐΞϊԋ૗͸ɼεϙʔπͱ͸ҟͳΛߦͬͨɽ࠷ऴతʹੑ֨ಛੑΛ 29 ߲໨ɼ͕͋Γ‫ؔ͢ʹݧܦ‬ΔΔ͕͋ΓཁҼ͕ଘࡏ͢ΔՄೳੑ͕͋ΔͨΊɼϐΞϊԋ૗৔໘ʹ߲໨Λ 76 ߲໨ͱͨ͠ɽ·ͨɼ֤߲໨͕Ͳͷ࣌఺Ͱ‫͜ى‬Δ൓Ԡ͓͍ͯ΋ɼ͕͋ΓཁҼΛಉఆ͢Δ͜ͱ͕‫ٻ‬ΊΒΕΔɽ͔Λ໌֬ʹ͢Δ͜ͱͱɼࢀՃऀ͕ճ౴࣌ʹ͕͋Γ࣌ͷ͜ͱΛ૝ɹ͕͋ΓͷཁҼͱཁҼؒͷؔ܎Λௐ΂ͨઌߦ‫ͯ͠ͱڀݚ‬ɼଜ૾͠΍͘͢͢Δ͜ͱΛ໨తͱ͠ɼ͜ΕΒͷ߲໨Λԋ૗લɼԋ૗ࢁɾؔ໼ (2012) ͸ɼεϙʔπʹ͓͚Δ͕͋Γಛ௃ʹؔ͢Δ࣭தɼԋ૗‫ޙ‬ͷ 3 ͭʹ෼͚࣭ͯ໰ࢴΛमਖ਼ͨ͠ɽ߲໨͸ॏෳ͢Δ໰ࢴௐࠪΛߦͬͨ [5]ɽͦͷ݁Ռɼεϙʔπʹ͓͚Δ͕͋Γͷ‫ػ‬΋ͷ΋͋ΓɼͦΕͧΕԋ૗લ 32 ߲໨ɼԋ૗த 64 ߲໨ɼԋ૗‫ޙ‬ংϞσϧ͕࠾୒͞Εͨɽ͜ΕΑΓɼεϙʔπྖҬʹ͓͍ͯͷ͋

2 ߲໨Ͱɼ࠷ऴతͳ͕͋Γ‫ݧܦ‬ͷ߲໨਺͸ 98 ߲໨Ͱ͋ͬͨɽ͕Γ‫ݱ‬৅ʹ͸ 9 ͭͷཁҼ͕͋Δ͜ͱ‫ͦͼٴ‬ΕΒͷؔ܎ੑ͕ࣔ͞

2. 2 ࢀ Ճ ऀΕɼҙࣝతॲཧͱ͍͏஫ҙͷมԽ͕ੜ͡Δ͜ͱ͕໌Β͔ͱͳ࣭ͬ໰ࢴௐࠪ͸ϐΞϊΛઐ߈ͨ͜͠ͱͷ͋Δਓ 297 ໊ʢஉ 52͕ͨɼॲཧࢿ‫ݯ‬ෆ଍ͱ͍͏஫ҙͷมԽ͸ࣔ͞Εͳ͔ͬͨɽฏࢁ

໊ɼঁ 245 ໊ʣΛର৅ͱͯ͠ߦͬͨɽ͕͋Γ΍͢͞ͷස౓ʹͭʢ2016ʣ͸ԻָྖҬʹ͓͚Δ͕͋Γͷൃ‫ػݱ‬ংϞσϧͷҰ୺Λ͍ͯͷ߲໨Ͱɼʮ1ɿ·͕ͬͨ͋͘Βͳ͍ʯʮ2ɿ΄ͱΜͲ͕͋Βࣔͨ͠ [6]ɽ͔͠͠ɼ͜ͷϞσϧͰ͸ԋ૗ऀͷੑ֨ಛੑ΍ɼָ‫ث‬ͳ͍ʯͱճ౴ͨ͠ऀʢ39 ໊ʣ͸෼ੳର৅͔Βআ֎ͨͨ͠Ίɼ࠷ಛੑʹΑΔԋ૗ಈ࡞ͷҧ͍͕ߟྀ͞Ε͍ͯͳ͍ɽ

ऴతͳ෼ੳର৅ऀ͸ 258 ໊ʢஉ 40 ໊ɼঁ 218 ໊ʣͰ͋ͬͨɽɹຊ‫ڀݚ‬ͷୈҰͷ໨త͸ɼϐΞϊԋ૗ʹ͓͍ͯɼ͕͋ΓʹΑͬͯฏ‫ۉ‬೥ྸ͸ 27.6 ࡀʢൣғɿ14ʙ68 ࡀɼSD=11.1ʣͰ͋ͬͨɽ‫͜ى‬Δ‫ݱ‬৅Λಉఆ͠ɼύϑΥʔϚϯεͷ௿ԼʹؔΘΔཁҼΛ໌

2. 3 σʔλऩूΒ͔ʹ͢Δ͜ͱͱ͢ΔɽϐΞϊԋ૗ʹ͓͚ΔύϑΥʔϚϯεͷௐࠪ͸ɼର৅ͱͳΔϐΞϊԋ૗ऀʹରͯ͠ɼGoogle Form ʹ௿Լʹ͸ɼ‫ه‬Աͷࠞཚͱԋ૗ಈ࡞ͷࠞཚ͕͋Γɼຊ‫ڀݚ‬͸‫ه‬ԱΑͬͯ࡞੒࣭ͨ͠໰ࢴΛ഑෍ͯ͠ߦͬͨɽ·ͨɼ߲໨͸ηΫͷࠞཚʹؔΘΔཁҼΛओʹ‫ݕ‬౼͢Δɽୈೋͷ໨త͸ɼύϑΥʔγϣϯ͝ͱʹϥϯμϜʹ͠ɼॱংޮՌ͕ग़ͳ͍Α͏ʹͨ͠ɽϚϯεͷ௿Լͱੑ֨ಛੑͷؔ܎Λಉఆ͢Δ͜ͱͱ͢Δɽ͕͋Γ2. 4 σʔλ෼ੳʹؔ͢Δ࣭໰ࢴௐࠪΛߦ͍ɼϐΞϊԋ૗ऀ͕‫͢ݧܦ‬Δ͕͋Γͷʮԋ૗தʯͷ͕͋Γ‫ؔ͢ʹݧܦ‬Δ 64 ߲໨ʹ͍ͭͯ୳ࡧతҼࢠಛ௃ʹ͍ͭͯ୳ࡧతҼࢠ෼ੳʹΑΓಉఆ͠ɼ‫ڞ‬෼ࢄߏ଄෼ੳʹ෼ੳʢ࠷໬๏ɼPromax ճసʣΛߦ͍ɼσʔλͷഎ‫͋ʹܠ‬Δ‫ڞ‬௨ΑͬͯҼࢠಉ࢜ͷҼՌؔ܎Λ‫ݕ‬౼͢Δɽຊ‫ڀݚ‬͸ɼϐΞϊԋ૗ҼࢠΛநग़ͨ͠ɽͦͷ‫ޙ‬ɼҼࢠؒ૬ؔ΍͕͋Γʹؔ͢Δઌߦ‫ݚ‬͸‫ه‬Ա͢Δ΂͖͜ͱ͕ଟ͘ɼ‫ه‬ԱΛҾ͖ग़ͨ͢Ίʹଟ͘ͷॲཧ‫͍ͯͮجʹڀ‬Ҽࢠؒͷؔ܎ੑΛԾఆ͠ɼ‫ڞ‬෼ࢄߏ଄෼ੳʹΑΓࢿ‫ݯ‬Λඞཁͱ͢ΔͨΊɼϐΞϊԋ૗ऀͷ͕͋ΓͷϝΧχζϜͱ͕͋Γ‫ݱ‬৅Λઆ໌͢ΔϞσϧΛ‫ͨ͠ূݕ‬ɽੑ֨ಛੑʹ͍ͭͯ΋ͯ͠ɼॲཧࢿ‫ݯ‬ෆ଍ԾઆΛԾઆͱ͢Δɽ୳ࡧతҼࢠ෼ੳʢ࠷໬๏ɼPromax ճసʣΛߦ͍ɼ‫ه‬Աͷࠞཚɹຊ‫ࢀ͍͓ͯʹڀݚ‬Ճऀ͕૝ఆ͢Δ͕͋Γ‫ͯ͠ͱݧܦ‬ɼूஂͰʹண໨ͯ͠‫ݕ‬౼Λߦͬͨɽͳ͓༗ҙਫ४͸ 5 ˋͱ͠ɼ౷‫ܭ‬෼ੳͷԋ૗ΑΓ΋ιϩԋ૗ͷঢ়‫͍͓ͯʹگ‬ෆ͕҆ߴ·Δ [7] ͜ͱ͔ʹ͓͚Διϑτ΢ΣΞͱͯ͠ɼ୳ࡧతҼࢠ෼ੳɼॏճ‫ؼ‬෼ੳ‫ٴ‬Βɼࣗ਎ͷιϩԋ૗Λ૝ఆͯ͠΋Β͏ɽͼ‫ؒ܈‬ൺֱʹ͍ͭͯ͸ SPSS Statistics 24ʢIBM ࣾ੡ʣΛɼ‫ڞ‬

2. ํ෼ࢄߏ଄෼ੳʹ͍ͭͯ͸ Amos 24ʢSPSS ࣾ੡ʣΛ࢖༻ͨ͠ɽ

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2. 1 ͕͋Γʹؔ͢Δ࣭໰ࢴͷ࡞੒

3. ݁Ռͱߟ࡯ϐΞϊԋ૗৔໘ʹ͓͚Δ͕͋ΓཁҼΛௐࠪ͢ΔͨΊʹɼϐΞ

3. 1 ୳ࡧతҼࢠ෼ੳϊΛઐ߈ͨ͜͠ͱͷ͋ΔਓΛର৅ͱ࣭ͯ͠໰ࢴௐࠪΛߦͬͨɽ

3. 1. 1 ʮԋ૗தʯͷ͕͋Γ‫ؔ͢ʹݧܦ‬ΔҼࢠͷநग़࣭໰߲໨͸ɼϓϩϑΟʔϧɼੑ֨ಛੑɼ͕͋Γ΍͢͞ͷස౓ɼ୳ࡧతҼࢠ෼ੳͷ݁Ռɼୈ 1 ҼࢠʢF1ʣʮଞऀ΁ͷҙࣝʯɼୈ͕͋Γ‫ݧܦ‬ͷ߲໨͔Βߏ੒ͨ͠ɽ

2 ҼࢠʢF2ʣʮ਎ମ঱ঢ়஌֮ʢશ਎ʣ
ʯ
ɼୈ 3 ҼࢠʢF3ʣʮԋ૗ಈ࡞ɹϓϩϑΟʔϧͱͯ͠ɼࢀՃऀͷ೥ྸɼੑผͷ‫ه‬ೖཝΛ࡞੒͠ͷࠞཚʯ
ɼୈ 4 Ҽࢠʮ͕͋Γͷѱ॥‫؀‬ʯ
ɼୈ 5 ҼࢠʢF5ʣʮ஌֮ɾͨɽੑ֨ಛੑʹؔ͢Δ߲໨͸ɼઌߦ‫͍༻Ͱڀݚ‬ΒΕ͍ͯΔ͕͋ೝ஌తࠞཚʯ
ɼୈ 6 ҼࢠʢF6ʣʮ͋ͤΓɾ਎ମ঱ঢ়஌֮ʢԋ૗ಈΓͱੑ֨ʹؔ͢Δ 39 ߲໨Λ࢖༻ͨ͠ [5] [8]ɽ͞Βʹɼճ౴ऀࣗ࡞ʣʯ
ɼୈ 7 ҼࢠʢF7ʣʮ‫ه‬Աͷࠞཚʯ
ɼୈ 8 ҼࢠʢF8ʣʮফ‫ۃ‬ੑʯ਎ͷ͕͋Γ΍͢͞ͷස౓ʹ͍ͭͯʮ1ɿ·͕ͬͨ͋͘Βͳ͍ʯ͔ͷ 8 ҼࢠΛநग़ͨ͠ʢද 1ʣɽҼࢠ਺ͷܾఆ͸ɼ‫ݻ‬༗஋ΛࢀߟʹΒʮ5ɿ͍ͭ΋͕͋Δʯ·Ͱͷ̑ஈ֊ධՁΛͯ͠΋Βͬͨɽ͋͠ɼ࠷ऴతʹ 8 Ҽࢠɼ37 ߲໨͕࠷దͰ͋Δͱ൑அͨ͠ɽͳ͓ɼ

͕Γ‫ؔ͢ʹݧܦ‬Δ࣭໰߲໨͸ɼઌߦ‫ࣔ͞Ͱڀݚ‬Ε͍ͯΔҼࢠΛ

8 Ҽࢠ·Ͱͷྦྷੵ‫د‬༩཰͸ 57.0 ˋͰ͋ͬͨɽද 2 ʹ 8 ҼࢠͷҼ

― 10 ―

ද1͕͋Γ‫ݧܦ‬ʮԋ૗தʯͷҼࢠ෼ੳ݁Ռ

ද3͕͋Γ‫ݧܦ‬ʮԋ૗தʯͷҼࢠ෼ੳʹΑΓ࡟আ͞Ε߲ͨ໨

ද4ੑ֨ಛੑͷҼࢠ෼ੳ݁Ռ

࡟আ͞Ε߲ͨ໨ͷಛ௃ΛΈΔͱɼࣗ෼ͷԋ૗΍ԋ૗ಈ࡞ʹର͢Δҙࣝͷ߲໨͕ଟ͘‫ݟ‬ΒΕͨʢද 3ʣɽ͜ΕΑΓɼϐΞϊԋ૗৔໘Ͱͷ͕͋Γ‫ݱ‬৅ʹ͓͍ͯɼࣗ෼ͷԋ૗ಈ࡞Λҙࣝ͢Δ͜ͱ͸ύϑΥʔϚϯεͷ௿Լͱؔ܎ͳ͍͜ͱ͕ࣔࠦ͞Εͨɽ͜ͷ͜ͱ͔ΒɼҙࣝతॲཧԾઆΑΓ΋ɼॲཧࢿ‫ݯ‬ෆ଍ԾઆΛࢧ࣋͢Δ܏޲͕‫ݟ‬ΒΕͨɽ
3. 1. 3 ੑ֨ಛੑҼࢠͷநग़ੑ֨ಛੑʹؔ͢Δ୳ࡧతҼࢠ෼ੳͷ݁Ռɼୈ 1 ҼࢠʢF1ʣʮਆ‫ܦ‬঱܏޲ʯɼୈ 2 ҼࢠʢF2ʣʮରਓੵ‫ۃ‬ੑʯ
ɼୈ 3 ҼࢠʢF3ʣʮ಺
ද2͕͋Γ‫ݧܦ‬ʮԋ૗தʯͷҼࢠ૬ؔߦྻ

޲ੑʯ
ɼୈ 4 Ҽࢠʮެతࣗ‫ݾ‬ҙࣝʯ
ɼୈ 5 ҼࢠʢF5ʣʮࣗ৴ܽ೗ʯ
ͷ 5 ҼࢠΛநग़ͨ͠ʢද 4ʣɽҼࢠ਺ͷܾఆ͸‫ݻ‬༗஋Λࢀߟʹ͠ɼ࠷ऴతʹ 5 Ҽࢠɼ28 ߲໨͕࠷దͰ͋Δͱ൑அͨ͠ɽͳ͓ɼ

5 Ҽࢠ·Ͱͷྦྷੵ‫د‬༩཰͸ 53 ˋͰ͋ͬͨɽͳ͓ɼද 4 ʹ͸ɼ֤ҼࢠͷҼࢠෛՙྔͷߴ͍΋ͷ͔Β 4 ߲໨·Ͱ‫ͨ͠ࡌه‬ɽ

3. 2 ‫ڞ‬෼ࢄߏ଄෼ੳ୳ࡧతҼࢠ෼ੳʹ͓͍ͯநग़͞ΕͨҼࢠΛજࡏม਺ͱ͠ɼજ
ࡏม਺ؒͷؔ܎ੑΛԾఆͨ͠෼ੳϞσϧΛ࡞੒ͨ͠ɽ෼ੳϞσࢠ૬ؔߦྻΛࣔ͢ɽநग़͞ΕͨҼࢠΛ‫ݟ‬ΔͱɼF1ɼF4ɼF7 ͱϧͷ࡞੒ʹ͓͍ͯ͸ 8 Ҽࢠؒͷ૬ؔ܎਺΍͕͋Γʹؔ͢Δઌߦ͍͏ॲཧࢿ‫ݯ‬ෆ଍Ծઆʹؔ܎͢ΔҼࢠ͕‫ݟ‬ΒΕͨɽύϑΥʔϚ‫ڀݚ‬ͷ݁ՌΛ౿·͑ͯҼՌؔ܎Λ୳ࡧͨ͠ɽຊ‫Ͱڀݚ‬͸‫؍‬ଌมϯεͷ௿ԼͰ͋Δ F7 ͸ F1 ΑΓ΋ F4 ͱ૬ؔ܎਺͕ߴ͍͜ͱ͕

਺͕ 30 ΑΓଟ͍ͨΊɼ๛ాʢ2002ʣͷධՁํ๏ΛࢀߟʹɼϞࣔ͞Εʢද 2ʣɼF7 ͸ F4 ͱͷؔ࿈͕‫͕֬ͱ͍͜ڧ‬ೝ͞Εͨɽσϧͱσʔλͱͷద߹౓ΛଌΔओͨΔࢦඪͱͯ͠ RMSEA Λ

3. 1. 2 ʮԋ૗தʯͷҼࢠ෼ੳʹΑΓ࡟আ͞Ε߲ͨ໨༏ઌతʹ࢖༻͠ɼϞσϧ࠾୒ͷ‫ج‬४஋Λ.08 ҎԼͱͨ͠ []ɽਤ 1୳ࡧతҼࢠ෼ੳΛߦ͏ࡍɼҼࢠෛՙྔ͕.35 ҎԼͷ߲໨ͱɼ1ʹຊ‫Ͱڀݚ‬ಘΒΕ͕ͨ͋Γͷ‫ػ‬ংΛࣔ͢ϞσϧΛࣔͨ͠ɽϞσҼࢠʹରͯ͠ෛՙྔͷߴ͍߲໨͕ 1 ߲໨ͷΈͷ߲໨͸࡟আͨ͠ɽϧʹ͓͍ͯ͸ɼ֤જࡏม਺ؒͷύεʹҼՌ܎਺Λ‫͠ࡌه‬ɼಛఆҼࢠ෼ੳʹΑͬͯ࡟আ͞Ε߲ͨ໨͸ɼࠓճநग़͞ΕͨҼࢠͱ͸ͷજࡏม਺͔ΒӨ‫ڹ‬Λड͚Δજࡏม਺ͷӈ্ʹॏܾఆ܎਺Λ‫ه‬ແ૬ؔͱߟ͑ɼ͕͋Γͱ͸ؔ܎͕ബ͍߲໨ͱͯ͠ߟ࡯Λߦͬͨɽࡌͨ͠ɽ·ͨɼද 1 ʹɼ୳ࡧతҼࢠ෼ੳͰநग़͞Εͨ 8 Ҽࢠͷ― 11 ―ߴ‫ʹ܈‬෼͚ɼੑ֨ಛੑͷ֤ҼࢠͷҼࢠಘ఺Λ‫ؒ܈‬ൺֱͨ͠ɽͦ
ʮF4:ެతࣗ‫ݾ‬ҙࣝʯͷ݁Ռɼੑ֨ಛੑͷҼࢠʮF1:ਆ‫ܦ‬঱܏޲ʯʮF5:ࣗ৴ܽ೗ʯʹ༗ҙ͕ࠩ‫ݟ‬ΒΕʢਤ 2ʣɼ‫ه‬ԱͷࠞཚΛ‫͜͠ى‬΍͍͢ਓ͸ੑ֨ಛੑͷҼࢠ F1ɼF4 ·ͨ͸ F5 ͕ߴ͍ਓͰ͋Δ͜ͱ͕֬ೝ͞Εͨɽ͜ͷΑ͏ͳ݁Ռʹͳͬͨཧ༝ͱͯ͠ɼF4ɼ

F5 ͸‫ه‬Աͷࠞཚͷ‫ݪ‬ҼͱͳΔॲཧࢿ‫ݯ‬ෆ଍ͷ‫ݪ‬ҼͱͳΔੑ֨ಛੑͷͨΊɼF1 ͸‫ه‬Աͷࠞཚͱؔ܎͢Δফ‫ۃ‬ੑͱؔ܎͢Δੑ֨ಛੑͷͨΊɼͱߟ࡯ͨ͠ɽ

4. ͓ Θ Γ ʹຊ‫ڀݚ‬͸ɼϐΞϊΛઐ߈ͱͨ͜͠ͱͷ͋ΔਓΛର৅ʹϐΞϊ
ਤ1͕͋Γ‫ݧܦ‬ʮԋ૗தʯͷ‫ڞ‬෼ࢄߏ଄෼ੳ݁Ռද5ԋ૗ʹ͓͚Δ͕͋ΓཁҼʹ͍ͭͯͷ࣭໰ࢴௐࠪΛߦ͍ɼ͕͋ΓʹΑͬͯ‫͜ى‬Δ‫ݱ‬৅Λಉఆ͠ɼ‫ه‬ԱͷࠞཚʹؔΘΔཁҼΛ໌Βॏճ‫ؼ‬෼ੳ݁Ռ͔ʹ͢Δ͜ͱ‫ͼٴ‬ੑ֨ಛੑͱͷؔ܎Λಉఆ͢Δ͜ͱΛ໨తͱͨ͠ɽͦͷ݁Ռɼԋ૗தͷ͕͋Γʹؔ͢Δ 8 Ҽࢠɼੑ֨ಛੑ 5 Ҽࢠ͕நग़͞Εͨɽ෼ੳͷ݁ՌɼϐΞϊԋ૗Ͱ͸ॲཧࢿ‫ݯ‬ෆ଍ʹΑͬͯύϑΥʔϚϯεͷ௿Լ͕Ҿ͖‫͜͞ى‬ΕΔ͜ͱ͕ࣔࠦ͞Εͨɽ·ͨɼ‫ه‬ԱͷࠞཚΛট͘ͷ͸ԋ૗தʹ‫ʹͱͨͬ͜͜ى‬ରԠ͠Α͏͢Δ͜ͱ͕‫ݪ‬ҼͰ͋ΔՄೳੑ͕‫ݟ‬ΒΕͨɽ͞Βʹɼੑ֨ಛੑͱ‫ه‬Աͷࠞཚʹ͍ͭͯ‫ݕ‬౼ͨ݁͠Ռɼ‫ه‬ԱͷࠞཚΛ‫͜͠ى‬΍͍͢ਓ͸ਆ‫ܦ‬঱܏޲ɼެతࣗ‫ݾ‬ҙࣝɼࣗ৴ܽ೗͕ߴ͍ਓͰ͋Δ͜ͱ͕֬ೝ͞ΕɼͦΕΒ͸ॲཧࢿ‫ݯ‬ෆ଍ͷ‫ݪ‬ҼͱͳΔ͜ͱ͕ߟ͑ΒΕΔ݁ՌͱͳͬͨɽϐΞϊԋ૗৔໘Ͱ͸ɼԋ૗தʹ‫ى‬ͬͨ͜͜ͱʹରͯ͠ҙࣝΛ޲͚ΔͷͰ͸ͳ͘ɼԋ૗ಈ࡞ʹҙࣝΛ޲͚Δ͜ͱ͕ॏཁͰ͋Δͱࣔࠦ͞Εͨɽࠓ‫ޙ‬͸ɼԋ૗ಈ࡞ͷࠞཚʹ͍ͭͯͷ‫ݕ‬౼Λߦ͍ɼߋʹ͕͋Γͷରॲ๏ΛఏҊ͢Δɽจ
ਤ2ੑ֨ಛੑͷ֤ҼࢠͰʮF7:‫ه‬Աͷࠞཚʯ௿‫܈‬ɾߴ‫܈‬ൺֱҼࢠෛՙྔ͓Αͼ‫ڞ‬௨ੑͱɼ‫ڞ‬෼ࢄߏ଄෼ੳʹ͓͚Δ 8 ͭͷજࡏม਺ɼ‫؍‬ଌม਺ɼ͓ΑͼӨ‫ࢦڹ‬ඪΛࣔ͢͜ͱͰɼਤ 1 ʹ͸જࡏม਺ͷΈΛࣔͯ͠‫؍‬ଌม਺͸লུͨ͠ɽ
ɹਤ 1 ΑΓɼF7 ͸Ҽࢠؒ૬ؔͷߴ͔ͬͨ F4 ͔Β௚઀Ͱ͸ͳ
͘ɼF8 Λհ͠ύε͕ͭͳ͕͍ͬͯΔ͜ͱ͕ࣔࠦ͞Εͨɽ
3. 3 ॏճ‫ؼ‬෼ੳ

F7 ͷ֤߲໨Λैଐม਺ͱͯ͠ɼ‫ڞ‬෼ࢄߏ଄෼ੳʹΑΓಘΒΕͨϞσϧ͔Βઆ໌ม਺Λ༧ଌ͠ɼॏճ‫ؼ‬෼ੳΛߦͬͨʢද 5ʣɽ

F8 ͷ֤߲໨͔ΒɼεςοϓϫΠζ๏ʹΑΓઆ໌ม਺Λબ୒ͨ͠ͱ͜Ζɼʮԋ૗தͷ‫͖ͨى‬૝ఆ֎ͷࣄ΁ͷϦΞΫγϣϯ/ରॲ͕஗ΕͨʯʮͪΎ͏ͪΐ͢ΔʢͨΊΒ͏ʣ৔໘͕૿͑ͨʯͷΈ༗ҙ͕ࠩ‫ݟ‬ΒΕͨɽ͜ͷ͜ͱΑΓɼԋ૗தʹͦͷ৔Ͱ‫ͨͬ͜͜ى‬ͱʹରॲ͢Δ౳ͷߦಈΛͯ͠͠·͏͜ͱͰԋ૗ʹඞཁͳॲཧࢿ
‫͕ݯ‬ෆ଍͠ɼF7 ΛҾ͖‫͏·ͯ͜͠͠ى‬Մೳੑ͕‫ݟ‬ΒΕͨɽ·ͨɼ༗ҙࠩͷ‫ݟ‬ΒΕͳ͔ͬͨ F8 ͷ߲໨ʮࢥ͍੾Γͷͳ͍ԋ૗Λ͍ͯͨ͠ʯʮফ‫ۃ‬తͳԋ૗Λͨ͠ʯ͸ͦͷ৔Ͱ‫ͱͨͬ͜͜ى‬΁ͷରॲͰ͸ͳ͘ɼ΋ͱ΋ͱ࿅शͰ͸Ͱ͖͍ͯͨ͜ͱ͕Ͱ͖ͳ͔ͬͨͱ͍͏߲໨Ͱ͋ΔͨΊɼ‫ه‬Աͷࠞཚͷ‫ݪ‬ҼͱͳΔͱࢥΘΕΔॲཧࢿ‫ݯ‬ෆ଍ʹ͸͋·ΓӨ‫ͨ͠࡯ߟͱ͍ͳ͕ڹ‬ɽ
3. 4 ੑ֨ಛੑͱʮF7:‫ه‬Աͷࠞཚʯͷؔ܎

F7 ͷҼࢠಘ఺Ͱ͕͋Γʹ͍͘ਓ΋‫ؚ‬ΉࢀՃऀ 297 ਓΛ௿‫܈‬ɾ‫ݙ‬[1] Baumeister, Roy F, “Choking under pressure:selfconsciousness and paradoxical eﬀects of incentives on skillfulperformance,” Journal of personality and social psychology,
vol.46, no.3, pp.610, Mar.1984[2] Lang, Peter J, “The application of psychophysiologicalmethods to the study of psychotherapy and behavior modiﬁcation,” Handbook of psychotherapy and behavior change,
pp75-125, 1971
[3] Masters, Richard SW, “Knowledge, knerves and know-how:
The role of explicit versus implicit knowledge in the breakdown of a complex motor skill under pressure,” British journal of psychology, vol.83, no.3, pp343-358, 1992
[4] Eysenck, Michael W and Calvo, Manuel G, “Anxiety andperformance: The processing eﬃciency theory, Cognition &Emotion”, vol.6, no.6, pp409-434, 1992
[5] ଜࢁ޹೭ɼؔ໼‫࢙׮‬ɼ “εϙʔπʹ͓͚Δ ʮ͕͋Γʯ ͷཁҼͱཁҼؒͷؔ܎ੑɼମҭֶ‫ڀݚ‬ɼ”vol.57ɼno.2ɼpp.595-611ɼ
Oct.2012[6] ฏࢁ༟‫ج‬ɼ“ԋ૗ऀͷ “͕͋Γ” ‫ݧܦ‬ͷಛ௃ʹؔ͢ΔҼࢠߏ଄Ϟσϧͷ‫ݕ‬౼ɼ”Journal of Music Perception and Cognitionɼ
vol.22ɼno.2ɼ2016[7] Cox, Wendy J and Kenardy, Justin, “Performance anxiety,social phobia, and setting eﬀects in instrumental music students,” Journal of anxiety disorders, vol.7, no.1, pp.49-60,Feb.1993[8] ໦ଜల‫ٱ‬ɼଜࢁ޹೭ɼాதඒལɼؔ໼‫࢙׮‬ɼ“εϙʔπʹ͓͚Δʞ͕͋Γʟͷ‫ݪ‬Ҽ‫ؼ‬ଐͱੑ֨ͷؔ܎ɼ” ޿ౡେֶେֶӃ ૯߹Պֶ‫ڀݚ‬Պ‫ل‬ཁ ਓؒՊֶ‫ڀݚ‬ɼvol.3ɼno.1ɼpp.9ɼDec.2008[9] খԘਅ࢘ɼSPSS ͱ Amos ʹΑΔ৺ཧɾௐࠪσʔλղੳ: Ҽࢠ෼ੳɾ‫ڞ‬෼ࢄߏ଄෼ੳ·Ͱɼ౦‫ژ‬ਤॻɼ2011[10] ๛ాलथɼ“ʮ౼࿦: ‫ڞ‬෼ࢄߏ଄෼ੳʯ ͷಛूʹ͋ͨͬͯɼ” ߦಈ‫ֶྔܭ‬ɼvol.29ɼno.2ɼpp135-137ɼApr.2002― 12 ―