Sensi&ve	
  Couture	
  for	  Interac&ve	
  Garment	  Edi&ng	
  and	  Modeling
Nobuyuki Umetani (Univ. Tokyo)
Danny Kaufman (Columbia Univ.)
Takeo Igarashi (Univ. Tokyo, JST ERATO)
Eitan Grinspun (Columbia Univ.)

Creating a New Pattern is Difficult

Drawing a pattern

Fitting on a mannequin

2D

3D

Clothing Design for Virtual Creatures "is Also Difficult

Can	
  we	
  design	
  clothing	
  for	  the	  Armadillo	
  ?	
  DesignValidation

Interaction is essential for design

Live
DemoRelated Work on Fast Cloth Simulation
Mass-spring system

Pre-computation[Choi02][Desbrun99][James03][weiwei10][Vassilev01][NVIDIA PhysX][Wang10][Aguiar10]

All assume a fixed clothing patternRelated Work on Interactive Garment Design

P.Volino and N.Magnenat-Thalmann[2005]

We build a system using sensitivity analysis

What does it take to enableinteractive simulation and designfor high-resolution meshes?

Attempt #1: Dynamic Simulation Fails

Wrinkle artifacts
Slow response
Clothing patternNaïve standard
dynamic simulation

Ground truth(static cloth shape)

Attempt #2: Sensitivity Analysis is Promising( )Derivative

Mouse positionΔ!
!!

Δ

Static cloth shapeLinearapproximation

Sensitivity modeSensitivity Analysis
Kuang-Hua95, Jeff97,• Studied in engineering [Keulen05,Dailey89, Sobieszczanski90, Seonho00]• Used mainly in offline optimization• Linear prediction[Gleicher and witkin 91][Smith et al. 05][Alexandre et al. 10]

Statics = Zero Force Residual
2D cloth pattern

R(3D cloth shape,)

0

Fixed Solve

R=0 : Static equilibrium

Equilibrium Shape is Function of Cloth3D	  cloth	  Patternshape	
  Equilibrium

R=0
Newton’s Iteration
2D	  cloth	  pa@ern	  Linear Sensitivity Analysis3D	  cloth	
  shape	
  Sensitive
response!
!

Equilibrium

R=02D	
  cloth	  pa@ern	  2D Pattern Mesh Movement with Mouse!
!

!
=!

!
!

constantlinearWe Remesh and/or Remap Current Mesh
Remap with positive
mean value coordinates[Lipman et al .07]

We occasionally perform
remeshSensitivity Modes
Horizontal

VerticalSensitivity ModeLinear sensitivity is not enough "for large mouse movement

Linear sensitivity
Linearization
nonlinear factor : artifact
Rest shape

Ground truth

contact, friction, buckling, cloth model…..

Nonlinear Approximation - During MouseDrag
Cached solutions & sensitivities

!
!

!
!
Merge!
!
Nonlinear
Approximation………..

Newton’s iteration "with the sensitivity approximation
3D	
  cloth	  	  shape	
  Newton’s iteration
Equilibrium

Mouse	  posi&on	
  Convergedsolution

Nonlinear Augmentation
3D	
  cloth	  	  shape	
  Cached
solution & sensitivity

GMLS
interpolation

Sensitive
Response

Mouse	  posi&on	
  Interpolation : Generalized Moving Least Squares (GMLS)[Atruli et.al. 1999]

Progressive Nonlinear Augmentation
Cachedsolution & sensitivity

Mouseclick!
!

!
!
!
!
!
!

!
!

Result of Nonlinear Augmentation
Cached solutions

Rest shape

GMLS sensitivity

Ground truthSensitivity for Contact & Friction
Friction : constant

Cloth
Contact : linear w.r.t.
penetration depth

Human Body

RESULT

LiveDemoPaper Craft
x5

Pattern

Simulation

Actual creation

FUTURE WORK

Self Contact

Flicker photo by “Nemo's great uncle”

Flicker Photo by “Tomas Fano”

More Materials
••
•
•

Hair
3D solid
Elasto-plastic material
FluidNow is the time for IDSI
numerical
methodhardwareIntegratedDesign
Simulation
Interaction

interaction
techniqueAcknowledgement
We would like to thank:– Charles Han & Suzanna Kim– Brandon Michael Arrington– Anonymous Reviewers

Funded by:– FUNAI Oversea Scholarship– JST ERATO– JSPS– NSF

ThankYou!!

Sensi&ve	
  Couture	
  for	  Interac&ve	
  Garment	  Edi&ng	
  and	  Modeling
Nobuyuki Umetani (Univ. Tokyo)
Danny Kaufman (Columbia Univ.)
Takeo Igarashi (Univ. Tokyo, JSTERATO)

Eitan Grinspun (Columbia Univ.)

This slide has a 16:9 media window

40

Standard Finite Element Method
Solve 3D cloth shape xassuming fixed 2D cloth pattern X
FixedR(X, x) = r!R"x = r!x)1# !R &"x = %( r$ !x 'residual	
  3D	
  cloth	  shape	
  x

Newton’s Iteration
Equilibrium

R=02D	
  cloth	  pa@ern	
   X

41

Linear Sensitivity Analysis
Compute response to changing cloth pattern
R(X, x) = 0

equilibrium!R!R"x = #"X!x!X#1$ !R ' !R"x = # &"X)
% !x ( !X	  X	  	  	  	  	  :	  input	
  2D	
  cloth	
  pa+ern	  	  	  x	  	  	  :	  output	
  3D	
  cloth	  shape	  	  3D	
  cloth	  shape	
  xsensitive
responseequilibrium

R=02D	
  cloth	  pa@ern	
  X
42

Customized Cloth DesignWe	
  can	  design	
  clothes	
  for	
  our	  dogs!!	
  Armadillo Tailoring44

Linear Sensitivity Analysis

R(,)=0!0R
R!
!
R+ ! Δ +0!
Δ!

R(!
!

+Δ ,!R=-!

+Δ-1!R!

)

45

45

Robust & Fast Cloth Model
Membrane

Bending

Stabilized StVK CSTIsometric Bending Model [Bergou06]

StVK CST [Volino09]
Discrete Shell [Grinspun03]
Edge Spring Model [Delingette08]

Discrete Kirchhoff Triangle [Batoz80]
Nonlinear Hinge [Bridson03,Grinspun03]

Co-rotational Linear Triangle[Bittnar96]

We applied stabilization [Teran05] assuming quasi-static stateCloth Wrinkle in Naïve MethodTimings