KINGDOM OF CAMBODIA
Nation Religion King

Ministry of Land Management,
Urban Planning and Construction

35th Spatial Planning Platform (SPP) Conference

Spatial Planning
In Cambodia
By

Mr. Prak Angkeara, Deputy Director General
Ministry of Land Management, Urban Planning and Construction

National level

Hierarchy of Spatial Planning- National Spatial Planning- Regional Spatial Planning- Provincial Spatial Planning

Sub-national level- Capital city Master Planning & land use Planning- District Master Planning- Municipal Master Planning & land use Planning- Commune Land Use Planning

Time Frame for Planning Vision
Level

NamePeriodNationalNational Spatial Planning

20 years 10 year

Regional

Regional Spatial Planning

20 years 10 year

CapitalCapital Land Use Master Plan
Capital Land Use Planning

20 years 5 year

Provincial

Provincial Spatial Planning

20 years 5 year

Municipal

Municipal Land Use Master Plan
Municipal Land Use planning

15 year

5 years

District/Khan District/Khan Land Use MasterPlan

15 year

5 years

Commune15 year

5 years
3Commune Land Use Planning

UpdatePolicy and legal frame work
The Ministry of Land Management Urban Planning and Construction(MLMUPC) has been progressive developing and adopting subsector
policy instruments to advance the Ministry’s mandate :The National Policy on Spatial Planning (2011)
This sets out the Government’s, vision, goals, objectives andstrategies for spatial planning country-wide. It aims to ensure thesustainability, equity, equilibrium, and integration within the country,
the region, and in international arenas which contribute to multiple
goals and targets of the SDGs.
The National Housing Policy (2014)
The Government has also adopted a National Housing Policy
which aims “to enable people throughout the country to haveaccess to adequate housing to reside with welfare, peace anddignity, especially low and medium income households andvulnerable groups“.
The (White Paper on) Land Policy (2015)

This policy sets out measures for managing, administering anddistributing lands with equitable, transparent, effective and4
sustainable manner.

Policy and legal frame work
▪ A New Law on Construction adopted in 2019 and implementation Subdecrees in 2020
▪ Prakas (Sub-Decree) on Land Development, 2018

▪ Sub-decree No. 42 on Urbanization of the Capital, Cities and Urban
Areas, 2015
▪ Circular on Cambodia’s Coastal Development and Management, 2012
▪ Land Law, 2001

▪ Law on Land Management Urban Planning and Construction ,1994▪ There are many other Laws and Regulations that have roles andresponsibilities for land, spatial, and urban planning and development inCambodia.

5Policy and legal frame work----Royal Decree on the Establishment of a National Committee for Land
Management and Urban Planning, 2013
Sub Decree on Organization and Functioning of Secretariat General ofNational Committee for Land Management and Urban Planning, 2013
Royal Decree on Establishment of National Committee for Cambodia
Coastal Development and Management
Sub-Decree on Establishment of Committee for Land Management andUrban Planning at Municipal, Provincial, City, District and Khan level, 2012

Royal Decree on the Establishment ofSecretariat General of National
Committee for Cambodia Coastal
Development and Management, 2012
Royal Decree on Establishment ofSecretariat General of National
Committee for Cambodia Coastal
Development and Management, 2012

6

Policy and legal frame work
While numerous policy instruments have been developed, it has
been a lengthy process,• Other instruments such as the National Urban Development Policy
are still under development• Assistance is now needed to improve implementation,compliance and operational capacities
The National Urban Development Policy (NUDP) - (DRAFT)

NUDP, will provide direction and guidance for the sustainable
development of the urban and rural sectors as a driver of social andeconomic growth.

7National Spatial Strategy
Oddar Meanchey

Ratanak Kiri
Preah Vihear
Banteay Meanchey
Siem Reap

Stung Treng

Battambang
Kampong Thom
PailinPursatMondul Kiri
KratieKampong
Chhnang
Kampong
Cham
Kampong Speu Phnom Penh
Prey Veng
KandalTakeo
Sihanoukville

Svay Rieng

KampotKep

Development Pole
Develoment Axes

Development of International Corridors
Expansion oftradeopportunity toand fromneighboring
countries
Strengthening of
1 digit roads andimprovement of 2
Digit roads In thecorridor shown inthe map

Regional Spatial Planning
BorderTriangleRegion

Border

PPMetropolitan

Border

Mat2: National Integrated Strategy of Coastal Area Sustainable Development (JICA)
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Progress on Spatial & Urban Planning
As mentioned, the Ministry has supported the development of multiple
Provincial and Municipal Land Use Plans. However, their preparation has
been often been lengthy process, and there are growing needs to initiate
revisions and renewal to update the plans

11Progress on Our Development of Sustainable,
Smart & Inclusive Cities
Preah Sihanouk:• The development of Infrastructures and34 Urban Roads (Start 16 November
2019 and completed 09 April 2021)

Prepared by H.E Dr. Pen Sophal, Secretary ofState,MLMUPC

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Progress on Our Development of Sustainable,
Smart & Inclusive Cities
Seam Reap:• The development of infrastructuresand 38 urban roads (started November
2020 and completed at end of 2021)

Prepared by H.E Dr. Pen Sophal, Secretary ofState,MLMUPC

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Our Recent Cooperation
A. JAPAN-MINISTRY OF LAND, INFRASTRUCTURE, TRANSPORT and TOURISM (MLIT)
Based on our Memorandums of Cooperation (MoCs) dated January 10th 2017, andFebruary 26th, 2019, with the Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA). Thiscooperation and support has brought some fruitful achievements to date:
1. Construction- The New Law on Construction, approved in 2019;- The development of implementation sub-decrees, approved in 2020;- Support for advancing our legal framework and regulations;
2. Land Management and Urban Planning- First and second Cambodia Japan Platform (2019, 2021);- International spatial platform III with the cooperation of MLIT and UN-Habitat;- Support for drafting a revised Law on Land Management and Urban Planning,legal standards and human resource development;

3. Housing-Support for training, policies and legal standards;

4. Geography and Cadastre- Training and supporting on the use of “Continuously Operating Reference
14Stations” (CORS) project by JICA

Outstanding Urban Challenges - Drivers
As highlighted earlier, the pace of the rapid urbanisation is driven bysignificant rural-to-urban migration which has multiple drivers .
Push Factors (Rural)-

Deficient infrastructure & distantfacilities;-Insufficient and inefficient services;-Limited employment and education
opportunities-Decreasing agricultural based
livelihoods, resulting in insufficient
income-Household member increase

Pull Factors (Urban)- Better coverage of infrastructureand facilities- Increased abundance and qualityof services- More employment opportunities
and better education- Better living standards and qualityof life- Better incomes- Modern15

Urban Challenges- Institutional Requirements
Continuing to develop and evolve:- The Spatial and Urban Legal framework and Policies to be more
responsive- The need for technical skills, capacities and competencies (at national,provincial and municipal/district levels) foroIntegrated Spatial and Urban PlanningoSupporting Spatial Planning and DevelopmentoTechnical Construction Supervision and Controlo
For integrated Urban Management monitoring and evaluation of
spatial and urban planning and developments;
oIncreasing innovation/adaption and integration of “SMART
technologies and the use of “big data”, to streamlines andincrease institutional efficiencies and the provision of services;oDeveloping capacities to better engage and support Public
Private Partnership opportunities Including developing sector
investment opportunities for tendering, based on the principles ofrecently adopted Public Private Partnership LawoImproving multi-sectoral coordination and participation for
spatial and urban planning and development governance 16

Urban Challenges- Emerging from the COVID19 Pandemic downturn
The impacts of the Global COVID-19 pandemic has increased
and scaled up numerous challenges for Cambodia, and theseare often more acute in urban areas; because of theeconomic vulnerabilities of recent migrants and worker,
because of difficulties in accessing.
- Public health services- Economic development
The COVIDopportunities (caused by the19downturns in tourism,pandemic
manufacturing, construction)- Social services- Housing17

Moving Forward
1. Based on assessment and discussions, MLMUPC are seeking ongoingand evolving support, from MLIT and other development partners to :-Develop and evolve a new Law on Land Management and Urban Planning-

Develop and prepare a National Spatial Plan-

Support capacities development and inputs for the development of SmartCities-Support capacities development and inputs to enhance the Construction
sector, including improving construction control, and the provision of aconstruction sector laboratory-Support to evolve the Housing Sector including, initiating Public Private
Partnership and social housing initiatives-Strengthening and support the Cadastral and Geography Sector: bysupporting Continuously Operating Reference Stations (CORS) and otherNational Spatial Data Infrastructure (NSDI)

2. Assist other components of MLMUPC mandate by supporting – thedevelopment and updating of the legal framework, sector policies, urban
planning, and the implementation of spatial and urban development

18Thank You!