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December COVID-19 Report
UK to refine allergy warning on Pfizer vaccine due to 2 adverse reactions – December
9, 2020https://www.ctvnews.ca/world/u-k-to-refine-allergy-warning-on-pfizer-vaccine-sparkedby-two-adverse-reactions-1.5223107
https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/health/2020/12/09/covid-pfizer-vaccineallergic-reaction-uk/6505867002/- 2 British people with severe allergies are said to have had allergic reactions to
Pfizer/BioTech’s COVID-10 vaccine- In response, British regulators advised those with severe allergies to avoid thevaccine- Allergic reactions were not a significant problem in the U.S trial in which more than
20,000 people have received both doses of the vaccine, but the U.S trials kept out
subjects who have had severe allergic reactions- In the U.S trial, there were more allergic reactions in the group that received thevaccine than among placebo recipients, but both represented a fraction of 1% of trial
participants
o 0.63% of people in the vaccine group and 0.51% of people in the placebogroup reported possible allergic reactions in trials- With the advise of medical experts, the recommendation is now to avoid the vaccine
if you have had adverse reactions to vaccines in the pasto Food allergies do not put you more at risk
- It is not being speculated that the allergic reactions may have been caused by acomponent of Pfizer’s vaccine called polyethylene glycol or PEG, which helps
stabilize the shot and is not in otjer types of vaccines
Canada monitoring Pfizer vaccine after U.K. allergic reactions – December 9, 2020
https://globalnews.ca/news/7511302/canada-monitoring-pfizer-vaccine-allergicreactions/- Canadian officials announced that they will continue to monitor for any additional
side effects from Pfizer and BioNTech’s coronavirus vaccine but have given the green
light for the vaccine to be administered- A vaccine will always have potentials risks and it is not uncommon for a vaccine toresult in side effects
o At the time, Canadian experts have deemed there is no serious reason foralarm- According to Health Canada’s current guidelines, people who have had previous
allergic reactions to any of the listed ingredients in the Pfizer vaccine should not get
the vaccine

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Known side effects of the COVID-19 vaccine - December 8, 2020
https://www.cnbc.com/2020/12/08/pfizer-moderna-covid-vaccine-side-effectstrials.html- The most common reported side effects include pain at the injection site, tiredness,headache, muscle pains, chills, joint pain, and fever which typically lasted several
days- The FDA said that more people experienced these side effects after the 2 nd dose
Reassuring data for Pfizer’s COVID-19 Vaccine – December 10, 2020
https://www.mcgill.ca/oss/article/covid-19-critical-thinking-health/reassuring-datapfizers-covid-19-vaccine- Pfizer’s COVID-19 vaccine seems to be very effective at preventing symptomaticcases of the disease- It also looks safe, although minor side effects are common- Pfizer’s vaccine ships in multi-dose vials that are kept between -60 and -80 degrees
Celsiuso They have to be thawed and diluted with a sterile saline solution, whichyields 5 doseso This vaccine is injected into the should muscle- At the heart of the vaccine is a tiny stretch of fragile RNA that is a set of instructions
for the cells that receive them to manufacture the coronavirus’ infamous spike
proteino This is protected by a bubble of fact about the same size as the coronaviruso The vaccine also contains salts that act to keep the pH of the solution close to
our own and table sugar that prevents these fat bubbles from sticking to eachother while frozen
o The vaccine has no preservatives
Mutated form of COVID-19 has been found in Wales, Scotland, Denmark, andAustralia – December 16, 2020
- The new strain of coronavirus which first emerged in South East England has now
spread to Scotland and Wales
FDA advisers back authorization of Moderna’s COVID vaccine – December 17, 2020
https://www.bnnbloomberg.ca/fda-pfizer-revising-covid-vaccine-guidelines-on-sideeffects-1.1538018- Moderna Inc’s COVID-19 vaccine won backing from FDA adviserso They voted 20 to 0, with one abstention, on Thursday that the benefits of thevaccine outweigh any risk
- The FDA could authorize the shot within the next day → The FDA approved theemergency use of Moderna on Friday

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With the Pfizer vaccine, guidelines from the Centers for Disease Control andPrevention outline that patients must be monitored and that facilities must ensurethat they have medication on hand to treat rare, but serious, allergic reactionso 2 people in Alaska who received the Pfizer vaccine also suffered reactions
Moderna is considering giving the vaccine to anyone in its trial that got a placebo,and hopes to start administering the vaccine to those volunteers within 1 to 2 weeks
of emergency authorization
Reducing the size of the placebo group may make it more difficult to detect side
effects and raise trust issues
Pfizer and Moderna will have to file for full FDA approval once they have assessedclinical trial participants for longer than the 2 months of follow-up they compiled for
emergency authorizationo Pfizer expects to file for full approval in April

Russia trials COVID-19 vaccine for domestic animals, including mink – December 18,
2020
https://www.thechronicleherald.ca/news/world/russia-trials-covid-19-vaccine-fordomestic-animals-including-mink-530784/- Russia is close to completing clinical trials for a COVID-19 vaccine for domestic
animals and mink
- The clinical trials will end in January and the regulatory approval process is
expected to begin in February- The Federal Centre for Animal Health began developing the vaccine in the spring
after the authorities established the virus could be passed from humans onto somedomestic animals- This vaccine is aimed at rabbits, mink, cats, and some other animals
2nd COVID-19 Vaccine authorized in U.S. is shipped out – December 20, 2020
https://www.cp24.com/world/2nd-covid-19-vaccine-authorized-in-u-s-is-shipped-out1.5239311- Initial shipments of the 2nd COVID-19 vaccine authorized in the U.S. left a
distribution center on Sundayo The shots are expected to be given starting Monday- The Pfizer and Moderna shots so far and that are going out over the next few weeks
are nearly all going to health care workers and residents of long-term care homes- There won’t be enough shots for the general population until spring
New novel coronavirus variant in the U.K. – December 21, 2020
https://www.ctvnews.ca/health/coronavirus/what-we-know-about-the-u-k-s-new-novelcoronavirus-variant-1.5239317- Lockdowns have been initiated in the U.K. after information was revealed about a
new variant of the virus that causes COVID-19

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British Health Secretary said that the new variant is now “out of control” but not
more dangerouso The new variant is more than 70% more transmissible, but there is noevidence suggesting it is more lethal or causes more severe illness
On Sunday, the World Health Organization cautioned against major alarm, saying thefact that researchers detected the new variant means new tools to track the virus areworkingo Official further explained that coronavirus mutations had so far been muchslower than with influenzao Also, when compared to other diseases, the U.K. variant is less transmissible
Chief U.K. science advisor Patrick Vallance explained that the variant had first been
isolated on September 20, and went on to account for approximately 26% of casesby mid-Novembero However, the number of cases skyrocketed in December
o In London, over 60% of all cases were the new variant
Although data is still fairly scant, this new virus variant involves mutations in thesequence that encodes its “spike” protein
There is no current evidence to suggest that the new strain affects vaccines efficacy
although urgent work is underway to confirm thisIn South Africa, there is another variant called as 501.V2, a lineage separate from the
U.K. variant, that also has a mutation in the aforementioned “spike” protein

U.K. coronavirus variant may be more able to infect children – December 21, 2020
https://www.reuters.com/article/uk-health-coronavirus-variant-children/uk-coronavirusvariant-may-be-more-able-to-infect-children-scientists-idUKKBN28V2EV- There is a possibility that the new strain seen in the U.K. has a higher propensity toinfect children
o No causality has been established but the data suggests that this is the caseo More data will need to be gathered to see how it behaves going forward- Because there is a long gap between the first observed cases with this variant in late
September and recent surgent in cases, it is more likely to have evolved in the U.K- There are very few examples of this variant in other countries at the moment
Tracking the spread of coronavirus mutations – December,- Nextstrain.org is an open-source project, that allows labs around the world tocontribute genetic sequences of viruses collected from patients- Nextstrain then uses this data to paint the evolution of epidemics through global
maps and phylogenetic charts- Data from Nextstrain suggests cases in Denmark and Australia have come from theUK
o The Netherlands has also reported cases- The D614G mutation emerged in Europe in February and became the globallydominant form of the virus

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Another called A222V spread across Europe and was linked to people’s summer
holidays in Spain
The variant likely emerged in a patient with a weakened immune system that was
unable to beat the virus

California has a new COVID-19 Exposure Notification app -December 10, 2020
https://www.eff.org/deeplinks/2020/12/ca-notify-app-useful-arrow-fight-against-covid19- CA notify is built on Google and Apple’s Exposure Notification API- Google and Apple’s API is already used in 20 other U.S. states and countries
including Germany, the U.K., and Canada- These apps use mobile phones’ Bluetooth functionality to determine if a person has
come into contact with someone who recently tested positive for the viruso In iOs, there is no app to download – the “Exposure Notification” feature canbe turned on via the settings- If an app user tests positive for COVID, the app will notify others with the app who
have come into contact with them, without giving information about the individual
who tested positive- Google and Apple’s system does not track user’s location, and it uses a“decentralized” approach to keep all the user’s identifiers on their device- The apps are also designed to keep your identifiers on your deviceo If a user tests positive, they can choose to enter the diagnosis code provided
by their testing provider and upload their identifiers to a publicly accessible
registryo These identifiers are random and short-lived, and thus harder to correlate toa specific person- Whether the benefits outweigh the dangers is user-dependent and the relative costs
and benefits of the proximity apps themselves remain unknown- The benefits of this technology are unevenly distributed as it misses groups that do
not have a mobile phone and are more at risk of COVID-19 and in need of resourcesfor example, elderly people, those living without housing, and those living in ruralcommunities- Phones can also be turned off, left at home, run out of battery, or set to airplanemode so it will miss millions of contacts each day- A study of early deployments of the technology in Europe found that an app detected
about 50% of true exposures and also incorrectly triggered exposure notifications
for about 50% of nearby devices- However pilot studies have suggested that even a relatively small number of peopleusing a relatively inaccurate app can help flatten the curve
People ate finally downloading COVID-19 exposure notification apps – December 14,
2020
https://time.com/5921518/covid-exposure-notification-apps/

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For months, slow development, sparse public outreach, and suspicion of the newsoftware stymied the effort of using exposure notifications apps to slow down theoutbreak of COVID-19
Over the summer, only 6 states in the U.S. released apps using the softwareo 4 more joined by October
Even in states that released EN apps, adoption was slow
In Ireland, around a third of adults were using COVID-19 tracking apps as ofNovember
EN app adoption rates in some states are now skyrocketing by comparison due inpart to a new approach from Apple and Google
States using the new protocol called Exposure Notification Express and launched in
September, can quickly and easily deploy basic, pre-formatted version of theApple/Google-enabled contact tracing apps, saving costs and development timeo EN Express also lets states send push notifications encouraging residents to
opt in – this seems to be driving faster adoption
In a survey of 853 people from every state in the U.S. showed that individuals arehighly motivated to use contact-tracing apps, for the sake of their own health andthat of society as a whole, however, that they are also concerned about privacy, social
disapproval, and surveillanceo People’s trust in the data collectors is dependent on the technology featuresof these apps and the privacy protection initiatives instigated by theauthorities
o People expect regulatory protection if they are to use contact-tracing apps –this suggests a need for laws and regulations with strict penalties for those
who collect, use, disclose, or decrypt collected data for any purpose otherthan contact tracing

Health Canada greenlights another COVID-19 vaccine candidate for human trials –December 22, 2020
https://www.ctvnews.ca/health/coronavirus/health-canada-greenlights-another-covid19-vaccine-candidate-for-human-trials-1.5241895- A Saskatchewan-developed COVID-19 vaccine candidate is the latest to be approvedfor human trials in Canadao It is one of 2 being developed by the Vaccine and Infectious Disease
Organization at the University of Saskatchewan- Participants will be recruited shortly, and vaccinations will start in January- If the three-phase trials are successful, the vaccine could be ready by late 2021
- Both of VIDO’s potential vaccines are protein subunit vaccineso This means they are created out of specific parts of a dead germ, rather thana live virus or an entire dead germo This type of vaccine is often used to protect against hepatitis B, humanpapillomavirus, whopping cough, and shingles among others

Eugene Consulting Inc.
1602- 111 St. Clair Ave W
Toronto, ON
M4V 1N5-o This type of vaccines typically simpler to mass-produce than RNA or viral
vector vaccines and do not require ultra-cold storage
According to the World Health Organization, 18 of the 61 vaccine candidates thathave reach the clinical trial stage are based on protein subunitso This includes the ones developed by Novavax and Sanofi

Quebec-Based Medicago has entered a combined Phase 2 and 3 trial this month –December 15, 2020
https://montreal.ctvnews.ca/montrealers-are-helping-test-the-only-quebec-madepotential-vaccine-1.5230844- Medicago entered a combined Phase 2 and 3 trial this month after reporting
successful results in early testing- Medicago’s vaccine candidate is derived from “virus-like particles” found in plantso The coronavirus-like participles mimic the virus to spur an immune response
without introducing any form of the actual virus to the human bodyo Medicago uses plants as living factories to produce the antigen in the vaccinethat spurs an immune responseo This is achieved through recombinant technology – genetic code istransferred to a plant, at which point “the plant will start expressing that
antigen like if it was its own”
o The plant they used it called nicotiana benthamiana- In their Phase 1 clinical trials, the company stated that 2 doses of their adjuvanted
vaccine spurred a significant antibody response in 100% of the trial subjectso Those who received the Medicago adjuvanted vaccine had higher antibody
levels than the levels found in those who had contracted COVID-19- In Phase 1 they looked at around 180 healthy subjects between the ages of 18 and55
o Participants were given either the vaccine on its own or the vaccine with oneof 2 adjuvants mixed in: GlaxoSmithKline’s pandemic adjuvant or Dynavax’s
CpG 108
o An adjuvant is a substance that is added to vaccines in order to boost theeffects and enable a higher immune response- The study showed that the vaccine candidate on its own produced antibodies in thesubjects, but demanded a much higher dosage level in order to get proper results- The adjuvanted vaccines were what really had an effect- After 2 doses of adjuvanted vaccine, no matter which adjuvant was used, theantibody response rose significantly- However, subjected developed anti-spike IgG antibodies after a single dose of thevaccine when mixed with the GSK adjuvant- The GSK adjuvant provided the best immune response at a very low dose
- The antibody response did not increase as the dosage of the adjuvant went upo Only 3.75micrograms were needed to get a significant level of antibody andcellular immune responses

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Being able to spur an immune response at a lower dose means they would be able tomanufacture more of the vaccine if it clears the rest of the phases
Moving forward on phase 2 and 3 trials, Medicago will only use their vaccine
candidate mixed with GSK’s pandemic adjuvant
In phase 2, they will be studying more subjects and those in other age groups notincluded in the first trialo It will involve around 600 subjects between the ages of 18 and 64
In the final phase of the clinical trials, Medicago hopes to enroll around 30,000
subjects in different regions across the globe
Everyone in phase 2 was pre-screened before being accepted into the study toensure they don't have any pre-existing illnesses
10 sites in Canada will be testing the vaccine as well as 5 sites in the U.S.
The company hopes to launch Phase 3 by the end of the yearo This is when they will evaluate the efficacy of the vaccine

Research shows COVID-19 immunity is different than fly immunity – December 22,
2020
https://globalnews.ca/news/7537652/research-shows-covid-19-immunity-different-thanflu-immunity-antibodies-drop-rapidly-after-recovery/- Researchers in Montreal and Toronto, Canada are studying the body’s immunity
response to COVID-19
o Early finding show that immunity to the novel coronavirus is less protective
than that to influenza- Researchers took blood cells from 13 people who had recovered from COVID-19
within four to 12 weeks since the patients’ full recovery, then stimulated their blood
cells with parts of the virus to see if their immune cells would recognize the virus
and create a responseo The recovered COVID-19 patients had immune memory responses to both
SARS-CoV-2 and to the influenza virus, but with significant differences in how
they responded- The response in individuals whose blood cells were stimulated with COVID-19
showed increased inflammation and showed a response that shows less protection
from infection than when people’s blood was stimulated with the influenza virus- The study is looking to find out whether the immune cells in the blood of someone
who has recovered from COVID-19 will react similarly or differently to the COVID-19
vaccine- This early research finding on COVID-19 immunity show that antibody levels in the
blood of patients drop rapidly during the weeks after their immune system clears
the virus and symptoms have subsided
Researcher think the new UK coronavirus strain could already be in the U.S. –December 22, 2020

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https://www.cnn.com/2020/12/22/health/uk-coronavirus-variantsurveillance/index.html- Researchers who are studying the new U.K. strain of the coronavirus think it likely
arrived in the U.S. in mid-November and that many people in the U.S. could alreadybe infected- The UK coronavirus variant has not yet been identified through sequencing efforts in
the U.S, however the likelihood that it is in the U.S. in high seeing that only about
51,000 of 17 million US cases have been sequenced- In the US, only a small number of samples are gathered from infected patients andput through genetic sequencing to look at the order of the letters in its genetic code
- Since November 15, genetic sequencing has been done on viruses found in about
300 people in the U.S. and in about 9000 in the U.K- On its website, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)notes that ofabout 275,000 full-genome sequences in public databases, 51,000 are from the U.S.
and 125,000 are from the U.K.
o This difference is striking considering how many more infections have been
confirmed in the U.S (18 million in the U.S. co pared with over 2.1 million in
the U.K)- Last month, the CDC launched a strain surveillance program where states will sendin at least 10 samples biweekly for analysis
o The agency expects to have the program fully implemented in January
BioNTech CEO states coronavirus vaccine is “highly likely” to protect against newstrain – December 22, 2020
https://globalnews.ca/news/7536953/biontech-ceo-confident-vaccine-uk-coronavirusvariant/- While further studies are needed to be completely sure, BioNTech is confident thatits vaccine will work against the new U.K. variant- The CEO of BioNtech explained that the proteins on the U.K. variant are 99% thesame as on the prevailing strains, and therefore BioNTech has “scientific confidence”
that its vaccine will still be effective
Another mutated coronavirus strain found in the U.K – December 23, 2020
https://globalnews.ca/news/7539331/new-coronavirus-strain-uk/- A new, potentially more infectious variant of the novel coronavirus that causes
COVID-19 has been found in Britain in cases linked to South Africa- South Africa’s health department announced last week that a new genetic mutationof the virus had been discovered and might be responsible for a recent surge in
infections there- The U.K. detected 2 cases of another new variant of coronavirus and both arecontacts of cases who have travelled from South Africa over the past few weeks

Eugene Consulting Inc.
1602- 111 St. Clair Ave W
Toronto, ON
M4V 1N5--Countries around the word have now closed their borders to both Britain and South
Africa following the identification of the new, fast-spreading variants of thecoronavirus
For now, it is speculated that the vaccine will work against many variations in thevirus
The National Institutes of Health has awarded over $107 million to support new,
non-traditional approaches and reimagined uses of existing tools to address gaps in
COVID-10 testing and surveillance
As part of the Rapid Acceleration of Diagnostics initiative, the awards from the RADx
Radical program will support 49 research projects and grant supplements at 43
institutions across the U.S.
o It will focus on non-traditional viral screening approaching, such as biologicalor physiological markers, new analytical platforms with novel chemistries orengineering, rapid detection strategies, point-of-care devices, and homebased testing technologies
The grants will support new approaches to identifying and tracking the current
SARS-CoV-2 virus, which causes COVID-19
2 intramural projects were supported by this initiatives
o $1 million award to the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences
for developing barcoded screening of SARS-CoV-2
o $200,000 award to the National Library of Medicine for Nationwide EarlyWarning System and Data Platform to aid policy decisions for public healthmanagement of viral diseases with COVOD-19 as a use case

FDA authorizes first over-the-counter COVID-19 test system for home use – December
9, 2020https://www.cnn.com/2020/12/09/health/fda-over-counter-covid-test/index.html- The U.S. FDA has granted and emergency use authorization for the first nonprescription, over the counter COVID-19 test kit for at-home use- The LabCorp Pixel COVID-19 Test Home Collection Kit allows anyone 18 and older tobuy the kit and collect nasal swab samples at home
o The samples are then sent to a LabCorp facility for testing- Positive or invalid results are delivered back to the consumer by phone or through ahealthcare provider- Users will be notified by email or through an online portal if results are negative- The new kit is now available through the Pixel by LabCOrp wesbiet- Last month the FDA issued an Emergency Use Authorization for the first self-test for
COVID_19 that can provide rapid results at home - the Lucira COVID-19 All-in-on
Test Kito However, this is only available by prescription

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Therefore, LabCorp Pixel COVID-19 Test Home Collection Kit will be the first nonprescription at-home testing kit

FDA Authorizes Antigen Test for First Over-the-Counter Fully-at-home diagnostic test
for COVID-19 – December 15, 2020
https://www.fda.gov/news-events/press-announcements/coronavirus-covid-19-updatefda-authorizes-antigen-test-first-over-counter-fully-home-diagnostic- The FDA issued an emergency use authorization for the first over-the-counter fully
at-home diagnostic test for COVID-19 – The Ellume COVID-19 Home Testo This is the first COVID-19 test that can be used completely at home without aprescription – with no need to send in samples to a labo This is a rapid, lateral flow antigen test – a type of test that runs a liquidsample along a surface with reactive molecules
o The test detects fragments of proteins of the SARS-CoV-2 virus from a nasal
swab sample from any individual 2 years of age or older
o The test involves collecting a sample with a nasal swab that users then place
into a Bluetooth-connected analyzer that syncs with a smartphone app- The test does not require sending samples to a lab- Results are delivered via a smartphone app in as little as 20 minutes and can beshared with healthcare professionals- Ellume said it expects to produce more than 3 million of the tests in January with alikely cost of $30 or less
- They will be available in pharmacies, drug stores, and online- The at-home test correctly identified 96% of positive samples and 100% of negative
samples in people with symptoms of COVID-19- In people who were not symptomatic, the test correctly identified 91% of positive
samples and 96% of negative samples- While antigen tests are not as sensitive as polymerase chain reaction testing, the factthat it can deliver fasts results from the convenience of your home can play animportant role in response to the pandemic- The FDA announced that positive results from the Ellume test in people without
symptoms shoul dbe treated as presumptively positive until confirmed by anothertest as soon as possibleo They also suggest that any person who tests negative but experiences COVID19 like symptoms should consult with their healthcare provider- The mobile application requires individuals to input their zip code and date of birth,with optional fields including name and email address, and reports the results asappropriate to public health authorities to monitor disease prevalence
Ferrets and cats most susceptible to COVID-19 infection after humans – Decemeber
14, 2020
https://www.ctvnews.ca/health/coronavirus/ferrets-cats-most-susceptible-to-covid-19infection-after-humans-study-finds-1.5230315

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A new study carried out by researchers at the Centre for Genomic Regulation in
Barcelona found that ferrets and cats are most susceptible to coronavirus infection
after humans
o Civets and dogs are also among the animals with a high susceptibility to
SARS-CoV-2 viruso Researchers found that variant of the ACE2 receptor in humans followed byferrets, cats, dogs, and civets have the highest binding ability to thecoronavirus spike protein
o Humans, chickens, and ducks have the hi
According to findings published in the peer-reviewed journal PLOS Computational
Biology, ducks, rats, mice, pigs, and chickens had lower or no susceptibility toinfection compared to humans
Knowing which animals are susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 helps to prevent building up
animal reservoirs from which the coronavirus can re-emerge at a later date

The Mysterious Link Between COVID-19 and Sleep – December 21, 2020
https://www.theatlantic.com/health/archive/2020/12/covid-19-sleep-pandemiczzzz/617454/- Feixiong Cheng, a data analyst at the Cleveland Clinic used AI to search for hidden
clues in the structure of the virus to predict how it invaded human cells, and whatmight stop it- One observation that stood out was that the virus could potentially be blocked bymelatonin- In addition to melatonin’s well-known effects on sleep, it plays a part in calibrating
the immune systemo It helps keep our self-protective responses in check- In a recent study that he conducted, people taking melatonin had significantly lower
odds of developing COVID-19, much less dying of ito Other researchers have noticed similar patternso In October, a study at Columbia University found that intubated patients had
better rates of survival if they received melatonin- Cheng suggest that the real issue may not be melatonin but the function it controls –sleep- Throughout the pandemic, the department of neurology at Johns Hopkins University
has been flooded with consultation requests for people suffering from insomnia- After recording from COVID-19, people reported changes in attention, debilitating
headaches, brain fog, muscular weakness, and most commonly, insomnia- Some researchers speculate that sleep disturbances are just the beginning of longterm effects that we will see for years to come- In the early stages of COVID-19, your body feels extremely tired but as the infection
goes on, people find that they often cant sleep and the problems with
communication compound one anotherEugene Consulting Inc.
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A central function of sleep is maintaining proper channels of cellularcommunication in the brain

Canada reports first cases of U.K. coronavirus variant – December 27, 2020
https://globalnews.ca/news/7543498/uk-coronavirus-variant-first-cases-canada-ontario/- On December 26th, Ontario reported the first 2 cases of the coronavirus strain thatwas first identified in the U.K- British Columbia has had 4 known cases of the variant and Quebec has had 1 case
- In Canada, each case is linked to a person who has recently travelled from the U.K. or
someone who has come in contact with a recent traveler from the U.K- It has since spread to Australia, Japan, and several European countries such as
France, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, and the Netherlands