東京大学総合研究博物館動物部門所蔵ウミトサカ類標本
Catalogue of alcyonacean specimens preserved in the Department of Zoology,
the University Museum, the University of Tokyo
今原幸光
Yukimitsu Imahara(財) 黒潮生物研究財団 黒潮生物研究所 和歌山研究室; Wakayama Laboratory, Biological
Institute on Kuroshio (Kuroshio Biological Research Foundation), 300-11 Kire, Wakayama,640-0351 Japan緒言
本文は、東京大学総合研究博物館動物部門が所蔵する刺胞動物のウミトサカ類標本についてまとめたものである。標本が採集された当時の東京大学動物学教室には、ウミトサカ類の分類学を専門とする研究者がいなかったにも拘らず、刺胞動物門の他の分類群と比較しても比較的多数の標本が収蔵されていた。また、所蔵標本の中には、後述のように、当時ヤギ類の分類学を行っていた木下熊雄が新種記載したコエダ類１種のタイプ標本や、後年になって標本を調べた京都大学の内海冨士夫が新種記載したウミトサカ類２種のタイプ標本が含まれていた。本文では、総合研究博物館所蔵のウミトサカ類標本の概要と、日本におけるウミトサカ類分類学の研究史について述べた後に、全標本のリストとラベル情報
を最新の分類体系に沿って示す。

コレクションの概要
東京大学総合研究博物館動物部門所蔵の無脊椎動物標本は、おもに明治時代から大正時代にかけて採集された標本を中心としていて、国内に現存する最古の動物学標本とされている (上島, 2006)。ちょうどこの時期は、当時の東京大学動物学教室に在籍していた木下
1

熊雄* や大久保忠春が、日本人研究者として始めて日本産ウミトサカ類の分類学的研究を開始した時期であったことから、彼らの研究標本が総合研究博物館に保存されていること1* 木下熊雄は、熊本県出身で東京大学動物学教室在学中から主に深海性ヤギ類の分類学を始め、学位取得後も大学に残って研究を続け、八放サンゴ分類学では世界的な研究業績を挙げた。しかし、若くして病に侵され、また夫人が早世したことも重なり、彼の研究生活はわずか 10 年で途絶えて、彼自身も早世した (大島, 1965)。

151

2

が期待された。また、京都大学の内海冨士夫* も東京大動物学教室に保存されていた標本を報告していることから (Utinomi, 1951, 1952, 1960)、それらの標本の存在も期待された。
実際に標本を調べてみると、ウミトサカ類の標本は、エタノールまたはフォルマリンの液
漬標本として保存されていることが確認され、標本瓶の数は 112 本 (ロット) であった。
112 ロットの標本のうち、20 ロットは 16 種に同定されていて、これ以外に属まで同定された標本が 4 種 5 ロット、科まで同定された標本が 3 種 3 ロット含まれていたが、残り 83
ロットは未同定であった。
ほとんど全ての標本に産地情報等を記載した標本ラベルが入れられていて、それらの中には、一部の文字が判読不能のケースもあったが、大部分のラベルは比較的良い状態で保存されていた。標本ラベルは、いくつかの異なる様式の紙ラベルのほかに、毛筆で記入された綿布が使われていることもあり、また一つの瓶に複数枚のラベルが入れられていた場
3合もあった。これらのラベルの中には、米水産局調査船アルバトロス号* が用いていた標
本ラベルと、米スミソニアン自然史博物館の標本ラベルも含まれていた。これらのうち、
アルバトロス号のラベルについては、採集者名と産地情報からアルバトロス号の採集した標本とは考えにくいことと、同号が 1906 年に来日した際に乗組員と東京大学の研究者が交流を行っていたことから、その際入手したラベルだけが流用されたものと考えられる。また、スミソニアン自然史博物館のラベルについては、同博物館の八放サンゴ類研究者であ4ったベイヤー* のサインが記入されていたことから、彼が 1953 年に来日した際に直接調べた標本であることが確認された。
今回の調査では、保存液の種類を確かめて、フォルマリンが使われていた場合はエタノールに置き換えた。また、一つの瓶の中に明らかに複数種の標本が混在している場合は、それらを種類ごとの瓶に取り分けた。ウミトサカ類は、軟珊瑚類と呼ばれるように、群体が柔軟なうえに伸縮活動を行う種が多くて、これらの種では固定時の状況により標本の外部形態が著しく変化する。そのため本動物群は、外部形態の特徴と共に、群体内に散在する微小骨片の形や大きさ等を重要な分類形質として、種分類学が行われている。今回の調査においては、種までの同定が行われていた標本については、その同定結果の検証を行っ
2* 内海冨士夫 (旧姓 弘冨士夫、Hiro Fujio) は、日本が統治していたパラオ諸島に、昭和 9 年から
18 年まで設置されたパラオ熱帯生物研究所へ第一次研究員として派遣された際に、同研究所の眼前の海におびただしく分布していたウミトサカ類に興味を持ち、八放サンゴ類の分類学を始めた (私信)。
3* アルバトロス号 (U. S. Fisheries Steamer “Albatross”) は、1881 年に建造され、1921 年に退役するまでの間に主に北半球の海洋生物調査を行い、日本へは 1896 年 (明治 29 年)、1906 年、1910
年の 3 度にわたって来日した。特に 1906 年の調査航海では、アラスカから噴火湾に到着した後、本州の日本海沿岸を南下して九州南端に至り、次いで豊後水道と瀬戸内海を経て本州太平洋沿岸を北上し、津軽海峡を抜けて北海道を時計回りに一周した。その後伊豆半島沿岸まで南下した後に、相模湾を調査してサンフランシスコへの帰路についた。当時の三崎臨海実験所長の箕作佳吉が相模湾と駿河湾の調査に乗船するなど、日本人研究者数名も調査に加わった (磯野, 1988)。
4* ベイヤー (Frederic Merkle Bayer) は、マイアミ大学教授とスミソニアン自然史博物館研究員を在任中に、170 種以上の新種記載を行うとともにウミエラ類を除く八放サンゴ亜綱全属の検索表を作成するなど、八放サンゴ類の分類学に多大な貢献をした。

152

た。しかし、多数を占める未同定標本については、外部形態と、ポリプ外周を骨片が覆う種についてはそれらの骨片の配列様式から判断できる範囲で同定を行うに留めた。その結果、最終的に種名の特定を行なうことのできなかった 32 種を含めて、種類数は 77 種、標本瓶の数は 125 本 (ロット) であった。
標本の採集年代は、1892 年 (明治 25 年) から 1923 年 (大正 12 年) にかけての 32 年間にわたっていた。採集地域は、東京大学三崎臨海実験所周辺の相模湾が最も多いが、外房沖から琉球諸島 (尖閣列島を含む) 及び小笠原諸島に及んでいた。これらの中には、高知沖、鹿児島沖等の珊瑚漁場が含まれていた。また、海外の標本も含まれていて、フィリッピン、
ポナペ、パラオ、及びナポリの標本が見出された (Fig. 1)。採集者の中には、東京大学動物学教室第 3 代教授の箕作佳吉 (三崎臨海実験所初代所長)、第 4 代教授の飯島魁 (同臨海実
験所第 2 代所長)臨海実験所の名物採集人青木熊及びイギリス人標本商アラン･オーストンらの名前がたびたび出てきていて、これらの標本の多くが三崎臨海実験所を中心に収集されたことが確認された。相模湾産以外の標本は、箕作・飯島両教授のほか、宮嶋幹之助、
木下熊雄、池田岩冶らのその当時の学生が行った調査活動に伴う標本であった。このうちの木下熊雄は、ウミトサカ類に関する論文は少ないが、ヤギ類の研究で大きな業績を上げた人物である。
種まで同定済みの標本の中には、紛れもなく木下熊雄と内海冨士夫のタイプ標本が含まれていた。今回発見されたタイプ標本は、下記の通りである。
Carotalcyon sagamianum Utinomi, 1952 (UMUTZ-Cnid-A -81, Holotype)
Chromonephthea hirotai (Utinomi, 1951) (UMUTZ-Cnid-A -104, Holotype)
Telesto tubulosa Kinoshita, 1909 (UMUTZ-Cnid-A -103, Holotype)
なお、飯島 (1918) が、動物学提要の中で「海鶏頭一種 Alcyonium sp. 相模海産」として図示した種は、上記の Carotalcyon sagamianum Utinomi と同一種であると考えられる。本種は、多数の枝をつけた樹木状を呈する種であるが、群体の退縮時には、枝分かれした群
体の上部全体が、トランクと呼ばれる柄部中に完全に収まってしまうという、著しい伸縮性を示す種である。タイプ標本は、内海が新種記載で図示したように、群体の大部分が収縮した状態であるが、飯島の図は群体が比較的伸張した状態であって、そのような状態の標本は今回の調査では発見できなかった。また、タイプ標本の存在が期待されていながら、今回の調査では発見できなかった標本は下記の 2 種である。これらのタイプ標本は紛失したと考えられ、状況によってはネオタイプの指定が必要になるかも知れない。
Paratelesto rosea (Kinoshita), (Holotype), one colony, Miyake Island, south of Izu Province,
10 August 1893, collected by S. Hirota.
Telesto sagamina Kinoshita, (Syntypes), two fragments probably belonging to one colony,
Doketsuba, Sagami Bay, 60 fathoms (i.e., ca. 110 m), October, 1908, collected by theauthor himself.

153その一方、以下の 4 種は、これまでの日本産リスト (Imahara, 1996) に含まれておらず、
日本新記録となる。
Chromonephthea cf. imaharai Ofwegen
Dendronephthya (Morchellana) cf. filigrana Kükenthal
Nephthea cf. junipera Thomson et Dean
Stereonephthya cf. papyracea Kükenthal
下記の標本目録は、原則としてカリフォルニアアカデミーの G. C. Williams とスミソニア
ン 自 然 史 博 物 館 の S. D. Cairns が WEB で 公 開 し て い る 最 新 の 分 類 体 系<http://research.calacademy.org.research/izg/OCTOCLASS.htm>に基づいて配列した。標本情報
は、次の順に要約して記述したが、該当事項のない場合あるいは不明な場合は項目自体を省略した。①標本番号、②標本の数量、③Type status: タイプ標本である場合はその種別、④Locality: 一枚あるいは複数枚のラベルから読み取った産地、⑤Date: 採集日、⑥Collector(s): 採集者名、⑦Label data: 元ラベルの記載内容、⑧Reference(s): 論文発表に使われた場合はその文献情報、⑨Remarks: その他の情報。産地については、ラベルに記載されていた地名だけでは具体的な場所 (海域) を特定しにくい場合もあったので、県名または海域名を最初に記述したが、その中には筆者の責任において判断を下した場合も含まれる。採集者名についても、同様に筆者の推測も含めてできる限りフルネームを記述した。
⑦の元ラベルの記載内容は、ラベル中には文字の消えかけているラベルも散見されたことから、ラベル情報の保全を目的とすると共に、筆者の推定した産地名等に誤りがある場合に備えて記載した。

154

Locality unknown:
36, 47, 60, 112, 113

919, 20, 22, 25, 42,
54, 62, 64, 67, 116,
117, 121, 123

32
85

2, 5, 15, 16, 17(?), 18, 24, 31,
34, 35, 50, 57, 63, 65, 88, 90,
103, 111, 122
SenkakuIslands:
84, 118

59,
68,
92

61,
69,

1, 3, 6, 30, 55, 56, 58, 66, 79, 83,
86, 87, 97, 99, 101, 105, 106, 119,
120, 124, 125

Fig. 1. Map showing locations of specimens collected.
Numbers in boxes are registration numbers of UMUTZ-Cnid-A

155

7(?), 8(?), 10, 11,
12, 13, 14(?), 21,
23, 26, 27, 28, 29,
33, 38, 39, 40, 41,
44, 45, 46(?), 48,
49, 51, 52, 53, 70,
71, 72, 73, 74, 75,
80, 81, 89, 91, 94,
96, 98, 100, 104,
107, 110, 114,
115
Micronesia: 37, 93
Philippines: 4, 76,78
Naples: 82

日本産ウミトサカ類の分類学的研究略史
日本産ウミトサカ類 (刺胞動物門・花虫綱・八放サンゴ亜綱) の分類学的研究は、これまでの文献調査の結果からは、L.アガシーの助手であり米国の北太平洋探検航海でナチュ
ラリストを務めたスティンプソンが、鹿児島湾から採集したウミキノコ属 Sarcophyton の一種を自ら新種記載したことに始まった (Stimpson, 1855)。次いで、ドイツ人動物学者のデ56ーデルライン* がヨーロッパに送った標本の中から、ベルン大学 (スイス) のスツダー* が4 新種を含むトゲトサカ属 Dendronephthya 6 種を発表した (Studer, 1888)。その後も、英ダブリン大学のライト (Edward Perceval Wright) と前述のスツダーが共著で英国世界周航探7

検船チャレンジャー号のコレクション* の中から、20 新種を含む 28 種のウミトサカ類を8報告したり (Wright & Studer, 1889)、デーデルラインの弟子の 1 人であるドフライン* の収9集標本から 20 新種を含む 33 種を発表したキュケンタール* らの外国人による研究が続いた (Kükenthal, 1906)。1906 年には、米水産局の調査船アルバトロス号が日本周海調査航海を行い、膨大な数量の海産生物を採集したが、ウミトサカ類についてはアイオワ大学のナ
ッチング (Charles C. Nutting) が 35 新種を含む 102 種を報告した (Nutting, 1912)。1909 年(明治 42 年) になり、東京大学動物学教室を卒業していた木下熊雄が、日本人として始めてサガミコエダ Telesto sagamina、クダコエダ T. tubulosa、ベニコエダ Paratelesto rosea の 3
10

新種を含むコエダ類4 種の記載を行い (Kinoshita, 1909)、
日本人による研究が始まった* 。
その後、木下の後輩の大久保忠春がアミゴケ Sarcodictyon gotoi を新種記載したが (Okubo,1929)、大久保の研究はこの論文以外には見当たらない。1937 年 (昭和 12 年) になり、パラオ熱帯生物研究所滞在中に八放サンゴの多様性に興味をもつようになった京都大学の内5*

デーデルライン (Ludwig H. P. Döderlein) は、東京医学校 (東京大学医学部の前身) 第 3 代目博
物学教師として来日していたドイツ人海洋動物学者で、棘皮動物の分類学が専門であった。来日中には、相模湾産の深海動物を中心に、さまざまな分類群の動物標本を本国の専門家に送り、日本産海洋動物相の解明に大きく寄与した。
6*

スツダー (Théophil Studer) は、1874 年から 3 年間をかけてドイツが行ったガゼーラ号による
世界探検航海に乗船したベルン大学教授で、ウミトサカ類のほか甲殻類や棘皮動物についての論文も残している。
7*

チャレンジャー号のコレクションは、英国海軍哨戒艦チャレンジャー8 世号が、1873 年から 3年半をかけて行った世界周航探検航海の採集標本である。1875 年には横浜港に入港していて、その前後に房総半島沖から紀伊半島沖及び瀬戸内海で調査を行った。
8*

ドフライン (Franz Doflein) は、ドイツ領下であったシュトラスブール (現フランス領) でデー
デルラインに学び、その後ミュンヘン動物学博物館勤務中に標本収集のために来日した。ミュンヘン
動物学博物館の後ブレスラウ大学 (現ポーランドのブロツワフ) に移り、附属動物学博物館では、次のキュケンタールの後任館長を勤めた。
9*

キュケンタール (Willy Georg Kükenthal) は、反復説を唱えたヘッケルから動物学を学んだ後、それまでに報告されていたウミトサカ類、ヤギ類、ウミエラ類の全種について再検討を行い、八放サ
ンゴの近代分類学の礎を築いた。イェーナ大学とブレスラウ大学で動物学教授を務めるとともに、ブレスラウ大学動物学博物館とフンボルト大学自然史博物館 (ベルリン自然史博物館) で館長を務めた。
10*

八放サンゴ亜綱全体については、1902 年にダメサンゴ Paracorallium inutile を新種記載した岸上鎌吉の論文が日本人で最初の研究であった (Kishinouye, 1902)。

156

海冨士夫が、チガイウミアザミ Heteroxenia elisabethae についての論文を発表したのを皮切りに (Hiro, 1937)、1977 年までに延べ 50 篇に及ぶ日本産八放サンゴに関する論文を発表した。これらの中で内海は、既知種の整理を進めると共に 42 新種を記載し、日本産ウミトサ
カ類の分類学を大きく進めた。この時代には、北海道大学の山田真弓と内田亨がベニウミ
ショウロ属 Metalcyonium 2 新種の論文を発表し (Yamada, 1950; Uchida, 1969)、横浜国立大学の鈴木博もハナゴケ属 Cornularia に関する論文を発表しているが (Suzuki, 1971)、何れもその後の継続は見られなかった。
1973 年より今原の研究が始まり (Utinomi & Imahara, 1973;
Imahara, 1977, 1991, 2006 等)、現在に至っている。
なお、ライデンにあるオランダ国立自然史博物館には、シーボルトが日本から持ち帰ったタマノウトサカ Cladiella sphaerophora の標本が保管されている (今原, 1999)。また、イ
ェール大学ピーボディ自然史博物館にはモースの持ち帰った八放サンゴ類標本が保管されているが (今原, 2007)、これらの標本の存在はごく最近まで知られていなかった。

謝辞
東京大学大学院理学系研究科の上島励准教授には、今回の標本調査を行う上で多大な便宜を図っていただいた。また、(財) 黒潮生物研究所の岩瀬文人所長と国立科学博物館の並川洋主任研究官には、難解なラベル解読についてアドバイスをいただいた。山田真弓北海道大学名誉教授には、日本人研究者情報について貴重なご助言をいただいた。滋賀県立琵
琶湖博物館のマーク・グライガー総括学芸員には英文原稿の校閲をしていただいた。記してお礼申し上げる。

157

Table 1. List of scientists studied on the taxanomy of Japanese Alcyonacea

研究者名・発表年
Stimpson, W., 1855

Studer, Th., 1888

採集者名･採集
年
U. S. Surveying
Expedition to
North Pacific,
1855
Döderlein, H. P.
L., 1879-81

Wright, E. P. & Th. Studer, 1889 Challenger
Exped., 1875

記載種

産地 (標本所蔵機関)

Sarcophyton agaricum, 1 n. 鹿児島湾 (MCZ)sp.
Dendronephthya (M.)
pumilio, etc., 6 n. spp.

相模湾 (ZMB, NHMB)

Siphonogorgia dipsacea, 20 太平洋岸 (BM, NHMB)
n. spp.

Holm, O., 1894

Capt. Suenson, H. Dendronephthya (R.)
E., around 1890 suensoni, etc. 9 n. spp.

Brundin, , J. A. Z., 1896

Capt. Suenson, H. Eleutherobia rubra, etc., 4 n. 九州西岸 (UUZM)
E., around 1890 spp.
Hilgendorf, M. F., Dendronephthya (M.)
相模湾 (ZMB)
1873-76
stolonifera, 1 n. sp.

May, W., 1900

Bellonella rigida, 1 n. sp.

九州西岸 (UUZM)

Pütter, A., 1900?

Kükenthal, W., 1906

Doflein, F., 1904 Bellonella rigida, etc., 20 n. 相模灘 (NHMW, ZMB,
spp.
ZMH, ZMWr, ZSM)

飯島魁, 1918

東京大学動物学 Alcyonium sp. (=Carotalcyon 相模湾 (UMUT)
教室
sagamianum Utinomi)

大久保忠春, 1929?

Sarcodictyon gotoi, 1 n. sp. 相模湾 (?)

内海冨士夫, 1937–1977(弘冨士夫, 1937 を含む）

多数

Cornularia komaii, etc., 42 n. 太平洋岸 (SMBL, NSMT,
spp.
UMUT)

山田真弓, 1950

山田真弓

Tixier-Durivault & Prevorsek,
1958, 1960, 1962

Mortensen,
Suenson,
Christiansen, etc.

Metalcyonium pacificum, 2 n.北海道 (SAP)
spp.
Dendronephthya (D.)
主に相模湾、九州西岸
mortenseni, etc., 7 n. spp.
(ZMUC)

鈴木博, 1971?

Cornularia spp.

長崎 (ZMWr)

相模湾 (?)

内海冨士夫 & 今原幸光, 1976 昭和天皇, 今原 Minabea robusta, 1 n. sp.

相模湾、駿河湾 (NSMT,MSMT)

今原幸光, 1977-

今原ら

全国 (MSMT, WMNH)

Williams, C. G., 1997
Benayahu, Y., 2002

Bolland, R., 1995 Pacifiphyton bollandi, 1 n.
sp.
田中淳一（琉大）Sinularia tanakai, 2 n. sp.

Ofwegen, L. P., 2005

多数

Dendronephthya (R.)
surugaensis, 1 n. sp., etc.

沖縄 (CAS)
沖縄 (ZMTU)

Chromonephthya imaharai, 全国 (RMNH, USMN,
2 n. spp.
UMUT, etc.)

BM: Natural History Museum, London; CAS: California Academy of Sciences; MCZ: Museum of
Comparative Zoology, Harvard University; MSMT: Marine Science Museum, Tokai University; NHMB:
Naturhistorisches Museum der Burgergemeinde Bern; NHMW: Naturhistorisches Museum Wien; NSMT:National Museum of Naure and Science; RMNH: Leiden Nationaal Natuurhistorische Museum; SAP:
Hokkaido University Museum; SMBL: Seto Marine Biological Laboratory, Kyoto University; UMUT: The
University Museum, the University of Tokyo; USMN: National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian
Institution ; UUZM: Uppsala Universitets Zoologiska Museum; WMNH: Wakayama Prefectural Museum of
Natural History; ZMB: Museum für Naturkunde der Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin; ZMH: Zoologisches
Museum der Universität Hamburg; ZMUC: Universitets København, Zoologisk Museum; ZMTU: ZoologicalMuseum Tel-Aviv University; ZMWr: Muzeum Przyrodnicze Uniwersytetu Wroclawskiego; ZSM:
Zoologische Staatssammlung, München.

158

List of the alcyonacean collection deposited in the Department of Zoology,
the University Museum, the University of Tokyo(Database available online at http://umdb2.um.u-tokyo.ac.jp/DDoubutu/invertebrate/alcyonacea /index.html)

Phylum Cnidaria 刺胞動物門
Class Anthozoa 花虫綱
Subclass Octocorallia 八放サンゴ亜綱
Order Alcyonacea ウミトサカ目
Suborder Stolonifera ウミヅタ亜目
Family Cornulariidae ハナゴケ科
Cornularia sp. ハナゴケ属の一種
UMUTZ-Cnid-A-96; one colony.
Locality: Sagami Bay south of the Miura Peninsula, Kanagawa Prefecture, 500 fathoms (i.e.,ca. 900 m).
Label data: “巌戸掛の外, 500 尋, together with Rhabdocalyptus victor (no. 404)”.
Remarks: The meaning of “巌戸掛の外” is “outside of the Iwado-line” which is a fishermen’s
expression used to pinpoint a fishing ground. The “Iwado-line” is a line extending from
Fujiyama Mountain (a rather low but certain landmark located south of Yokosuka city,
Kanagawa Prefecture, with the older name of Togeyama Mountain) in the direction of
Iwadoyama Mountain, the southern part of Miura city in the same prefecture.
Rhabdocalyptus victor is a sponge, called “Tsurigane-kaimen” in Japanese.
Family Clavulariidae ウミヅタ科
Clavularia inflata Schenk ツツウミヅタ
UMUTZ-Cnid-A-93; one colony.
Locality: Federated States of Micronesia, Pohnpei Island.
Label data: “Clavularia inflata Schenk, Ponape, date unknown, (H. Utinomi det.)”.
Reference: Utinomi, 1956: 223.
UMUTZ-Cnid-A-106; many fragments probably belonging to one colony.
Locality: Naha city, Okinawa Prefecture.
Date: 8 May 1900.
Collector: Mikinosuke Miyajima.
Label data: “産地 那覇 (琉球), 明治 33 年 5 月 8 日 採集 宮嶋”.
Clavularia mikado Utinomi
ウミヅタ属の一種 (和名未定種)
UMUTZ-Cnid-A-94; one colony.
Locality: Sagami Bay, Misaki, Miura city, Kanagawa Prefecture.
Label data: “Misaki”.
Pachyclavularia violacea (Quoy et Gaimard) ムラサキハナヅタ
UMUTZ-Cnid-A-92; three fragments.
Locality: Bonin Islands, Chichijima Island.
Date: March, 1894.
Collectors: Sadamori Hirota and Ryotaro Sekiguchi.
Label data: “Pachyclavularia erecta Roule, Ogasawara Is., III 1894 (H. Utinomi det.)”.
Reference: Utinomi, 1956: 223.
Remarks: Precise information concerning the locality, date, and collector’s name are cited fromthe reference, even though the month of collection differs from that on the original label. P.
erecta Roule is a junior synonym of Pachyclavularia violacea according to Utinomi (1956).
159

These specimens had been stored in formalin.
UMUTZ-Cnid-A-97; three fragments.
Locality: Okinawa Prefecture, Kyan-misaki Cape, Itoman city.
Date: 12 April 1901.
Collectors: Prof. Kakichi Mitsukuri and Iwaji Ikeda.
Label data: “沖縄糸満キャム岬, 明治 34 年 4 月 12 日, 箕作, 池田 モグリ”.
Family Tubiporidae クダサンゴ科
Tubipora musica Linnaeus クダサンゴ
UMUTZ-Cnid-A-83; one fragment.
Locality: Okinawa Prefecture, coral reef of Ohmine, Naha city.
Date: 9 April 1901.
Collectors: Prof. Kakichi Mitsukuri and Iwaji Ikeda.
Label data: “産地 沖縄大峰 coral reef, 明治 34 年 4 月 9 日 採集 箕作, 池田”.
Remarks: The locality name Ohmine (大峰) is probably written in Japanese as 大嶺 now.
UMUTZ-Cnid-A-84; two fragments.
Locality: Okinawa Prefecture, Kubajima Island in Senkaku Islands.
Date: 16 May 1900.
Collector: Mikinosuke Miyajima.
Label data: “産地 黄尾嶋, 明治 33 年 5 月 16 日採集 宮嶋”.
Remarks: Koubijima Island (黄尾嶋) is called Kubajima Island (久場島) now.
Family Telestidae
Paratelesto rosea (Kinoshita) ベニコエダ
UMUTZ-Cnid-A-85; five fragments.
Locality: Kochi Prefecture, coral ground off Kashiwajima Island, 80 fathoms (i.e., ca. 150 m).
Date: June, 1909.
Collector: Kumao Kinoshita.
Label data: “柏島”; “Coral ground off Kashiwajima, 80 fath, June 1909, coll. Kinoshita, det.
Kinoshita”; “Telesto rosea Kinoshita, Coral ground, off Kashiwajima, 80 faths, Juni 1909
coll. Kinoshita”.
Reference: Utinomi, 1958: 93-95.
Telesto tubulosa Kinoshita クダコエダ
UMUTZ-Cnid-A-86; one colony.
Locality: North of Okinawa Island, 28°10’N, 126°2’E to 28°20’N, 126°11’E, 64 fathoms (i.e.,ca. 120 m).
Date: June, 1913.
Collector: Naokatsu Yanagi.
Label data: “Telesto tubulosa Kinoshita, 28°10’N, 126°2’E to 28°20’N, 126°11’E, 64 fath.,
191○ [last digit illegible] VI, Yanaghi coll. (H. Utinomi det.)”; “VI 1913 by N. Yanagi, det.
F. M. Bayer”.
Reference: Utinomi, 1958: 91-93.
UMUTZ-Cnid-A-103; three colonies connecting with a stolon.
Type status: Holotype.
Locality: Kagoshima Prefecture, Kamise, off Yamakawa fishery port, Ibusuki city, 70 fathoms(i.e., ca. 130 m).
Date: 8 April 1896.
Collectors: Prof. Kakichi Mitsukuri and Juta Hara.
Label data: “Telestidae, Type sp. Telesto tubulosa Kinoshita, Kagoshima Bay, 70 fathoms, off160

Yamakawa, coll. Mitsukuri and Hara, 8. Apr. 1896, with Nobenawa wire”; “産地 山川沖
延縄(神瀬), 明治 29 年 4 月 8 日 採集 箕作, 原”.
References: Kinoshita, 1909: 114-117; Utinomi, 1958: 91-93.
Remarks: It seems that Kinoshita (1909) figured the largest colony.
Family Pseudocladochonidae ハナノエダ科
Pseudocladochonus hicksoni Versluys ハナノエダ
UMUTZ-Cnid-A-87; 12 fragments.
Locality: North of Okinawa Island, 28°10’N, 126°2’E to 28°20’N, 126°11’E, 64 fathoms (i.e.,ca. 120 m).
Date: June, 1913.
Collector: Naokatsu Yanagi.
Label data: “28°10’N, 126°2’E to 28°20’N, 126°11’E, 64 fath, 1913 VI, Yanaghi coll. (H.
Utinomi det.), Pseudocladoconus hicksoni Versluy”; “Pseudocladochonus sp. det. F. M.
Bayer”.
Reference: Utinomi, 1964: 243.
UMUTZ-Cnid-A-88; one colony.
Locality: Probably Kagoshima Prefecture, coral ground off Tsukurase Island, west of
Nomaike.
Date: August, 1899.
Collector: Mikinosuke Miyajima.
Label data: “Telestidae, Pseudocladochonus hicksoni Versluys, Station Coral ground off
Chikura, Date, Aug. 1899, coll. Miyajima”.
Reference: Kinoshita, 1909: 121-122.
Remarks: Both Chikura, the locality name on the label, and Chikura Island, the locality namein the reference, seem to be an error for Tsukurase Island, because one of the coral groundsof Kagoshima Prefecture is located off Tsukurase Island according to Kitahara (1904).
Furthermore Siphonogorgia sp. (UMUTZ-Cnid-A-50) was collected from near Tsukurase
Island (津倉瀬島) by the same collector on 13 July 1899. This label is an official label ofthe Albatross Expedition.
UMUTZ-Cnid-A-89; seven fragments.
Locality: Sagami Bay, off Niijima Island.
Date: 10 August 1893.
Collector: Sadamori Hirota.
Label data: “PSEUDOCLADOCHONUS HICKSONI Versluys, Alcyonacea, Alcyonaria, off
Niijima, 10 VIII, 1893”.
References: Kinoshita, 1909: 121-122; Utinomi, 1964: 243.
Remarks: The collector’s name was cited by Kinoshita (1909).
UMUTZ-Cnid-A-90; over 20 fragments.
Locality: Kagoshima Prefecture, coral ground off Uji Islands, 80 to 90 fathoms (i.e., 146 to 165m).
Date: June, 1908.
Collector: Kumao Kinoshita.
Label data: “ 宇 治 島 , 珊 瑚 場 , 80 尋 , 明 治 41 年 6 月 , 木 下 ”; “Telestidae,
Pseudocladochonus hicksoni Versluys, Station, coral ground off Ujishima, depth, 80-90
fathoms, Date, June 1908, coll. Kinoshita”.
References: Kinoshita, 1909: 121-122; Utinomi, 1964: 243.
Remarks: The second label is an original label of the Albatross Expedition.

161

Pseudocladochonus sp. ハナノエダ属の一種
UMUTZ-Cnid-A-91; eight colonies.
Locality: Sagami Bay, near Dôketsuba, 170-180 fathoms (i.e., 300-330 m).
Date: 12 August, 1895.
Collector: Kumakichi Aoki.
Label data: “Pseudocladochonus sp. 170-180 hiro, near Dôketsuba, Kuma, 12-8-95”.
Remarks: “Dôketsuba” is the name of a fhishing ground located west of Hôjô, Tateyama city,
Chiba Prefecture. These colonies are covered with a thin sponge.
Suborder Alcyoniina ウミトサカ亜目
Family Xeniidae ウミアザミ科
Xenia cf. elongata Dana ミナミウミアザミ?
UMUTZ-Cnid-A-79; several colonies connecting by a common base.
Locality: Okinawa Prefecture, Kyan-misaki Cape, Itoman city.
Date: 12 April 1901.
Collector: Prof. Kakichi Mitsukuri and Iwaji Ikeda.
Label data: “産地 沖縄糸満キャム岬, モグリ, 明治 34 年 4 月 12 日 採集 箕作, 池田”.
Xenia cf. mayi Roxas コフキウミアザミ?
UMUTZ-Cnid-A-76; one colony.
Locality: Philippines, Marongan, Jolo.
Date: June, 1909.
Label data: “Marongan, Jolo, June 1909, P. I.”
Remarks: The country name was cited on the basis of the label of another specimen (Nephthea
cf. elongata Kükenthal UMUTZ-Cnid-A-4; q.v.). This specimen had been stored informalin.
Xenia sp. 1 ウミアザミ属の一種
UMUTZ-Cnid-A-78; several colonies.
Locality: Philippines, Marongan, Jolo.
Date: June, 1909.
Label data: “Marongan, Jolo, June 1909, P. I.”
Remarks: The country name was inferred on the same basis as that of the above specimen.
Xenia sp. 2 ウミアザミ属の一種
UMUTZ-Cnid-A-99; three colonies.
Locality: Okinawa Prefecture, Naha city.
Date: 18 April 1900.
Collector: Mikinosuke Miyajima.
Label data: “産地 沖縄那覇, 明治 33 年 4 月 18 日 採集 宮嶋”.
Remarks: These specimens have almost completely disintegrated.
Gen. sp. ウミアザミ科の一種
UMUTZ-Cnid-A-80; one colony.
Locality: Sagami Bay, Okinose Bank, 300 fathoms (i.e., ca. 550 m).
Date: April, 1905.
Collector: Kumakichi Aoki.
Label data: “産地 オキノセ 300 尋, 明治 38 年 4 月, 採集 熊”.
Remarks: “Okinose Bank” is located about 20 km south of the Miura Peninsula, Kanagawa
162Prefecture. This specimen seems to belong to the family Xeniidae on account of its being
covered with rather large, cylindrical, non-retractile polyps, and there are no sclerites. The
specimen has more or less disintegrated.
Family Alcyoniidae ウミトサカ科
Alcyonium cf. palmatum Pallas ウミトサカ属の一種
UMUTZ-Cnid-A-47; one colony.
Label data: None.
Remarks: Probably Mediterranean specimen.
Anthomastus sp. 1 ウミテングタケ属の一種
UMUTZ-Cnid-A-74; one colony.
Locality: Sagami Bay, Okinose Bank, about 350 fathoms (i.e., ca. 650 m).
Date: March, 1894.
Collector: Kumakichi Aoki.
Label data: “ANTHOMASTUS sp. Alcyonacea, Alcyonaria, Okinose, ca. 350 hiro, Mar 1894,
熊吉”.
Remarks: This specimen resembles A. fisheri Bayer in the appearance. Concerning Okinose
Bank, see Remarks for UMUTZ-Cnid-A-80.
Anthomastus sp. 2 ウミテングタケ属の一種
UMUTZ-Cnid-A-75; two colonies.
Locality: Sagami Bay, 300-350 fathoms (i.e., 550-640 m).
Date: 26 January 1896.
Collector: Golden Hind Expedition.
Label data: “Golden Hind Expedition, Sta. 44, 300-350 fms., Jan. 26, 1896”; “Anthomasthus sp.
det. F. M. B., Smithsonian Institution”.
Remarks: The second label is an original label of the Smithsonian Institution. It seems thatthese specimens were examined by F. M. Bayer. The “Golden Hind Expedition” wasconducted by Alan Owston’s aboard his yacht “Golden Hind”.
UMUTZ-Cnid-A-100; one colony.
Locality: Sagami Bay, Okinose Bank (see Remarks for UMUTZ-Cnid-A-80).
Date: November, 1895.
Collector: Kumakichi Aoki.
Label data: “Okinose, Uchibata, Bottom, Nov. 95, (Kuma)”.
Cladiella sphaerophora (Klunzinger) タマノウトサカ
UMUTZ-Cnid-A-68; two colonies.
Locality: Bonin Islands, Anijima Island.
Date: early April, 1894.
Collectors: Sadamori Hirota and Ryotaro Sekiguchi.
Label data: “小笠原兄島, 明治 27 年 4 月上旬, 弘田, 関口”; “Micropsicularia
sphaerophora, Ogasawara Is., IV 1894, H. Utinomi det.”; “Lobularia sp., #2, F. M. B.”.
Reference: Utinomi, 1956: 226-227.
Remarks: It seems that these specimens were first examined by F. M. Bayer of the Smithsonian
Institution and then by Huzio Utinomi of Kyoto University.

163

Cladiella sp. ノウトサカ属の一種
UMUTZ-Cnid-A-69; one colony.
Locality: Bonin Islands, Chichijima Island.
Date: April, 1894.
Collectors: Sadamori Hirota and Ryotaro Sekiguchi.
Label data: “小笠原父島, 明治 27 年 4 月, 弘田, 関口”; “Lobularia sp., #3, F. M. B.”.
Remarks: It seems that this specimen was also examined by F. M. Bayer of the Smithsonian
Institution. This specimen had been stored in formalin.
Eleutherobia dofleini Kükenthal エダウミイチゴ
UMUTZ-Cnid-A-49; eight colonies.
Locality: Sagami Bay, Nakano-yodomi, 100 fathoms (i.e., ca. 180 m).
Date: 14 August 1900.
Label data: “Nidalia, Alcyoniidae”; “産地 中ノヨドミ, ヤハギ掛, 100 尋, 明治 33 年 8 月
14 日.”.
Remarks: “Nakano-yodomi” is located about 15 km west of the Miura Peninsula, Kanagawa
Prefecture. The meaning of “ヤハギ掛” is “Yahagi-line” which is a fishermen’s expression
used to pinpoint a fishing ground. The “Yahagi-line” is a line extending from Fujiyama
Mountain (see Remarks for UMUTZ-Cnid-A-96) in the direction of Yahagi in the westernpart of Miura city, Kanagawa Prefecture.
Eleutherobia cf. dofleini Kükenthal エダウミイチゴ?
UMUTZ-Cnid-A-45; one colony.
Locality: Sagami Bay, Kuroba, 178 fathoms (i.e., ca. 330 m).
Date: 12 August 1895.
Collector: Prof. Isao Ijima.
Label data: “Alcyonacea”; “黒場 178 尋, 12/8/95, 飯島”.
Remarks: “Kuroba (黒場)” is probably the name of a fishing ground, but I could not confirm
the locality. If “Kuroba” is another name for “Kurose Bank”, the later is located about 150
km south of Sagami Bay (about 30 km north of Hachijo-jima Island.
UMUTZ-Cnid-A-70; one colony.
Locality: Sagami Bay, Jogashima, Miura city, Kanagawa Prefecture.
Date: 16 (or 20) August 1897.
Label data: “Jogashima, near Misaki collected by diver, 明治 30 年 8 月 16,20 日”.
UMUTZ-Cnid-A-73; one colony.
Locality: Sagami Bay, off Niijima Island.
Date: 10 August 1893.
Collector: Sadamori Hirota, Ohnoura-maru.
Label data: “26 年 8 月 10 日, 新島沖, 大の浦丸, 弘田, sp. No. 136”.
UMUTZ-Cnid-A-105; one colony.
Locality: North of Okinawa Island, 28°10’N, 126°2’E to 28°20’N, 126°11’E, 64 fathoms (i.e.,ca. 120 m).
Date: 22 June 1913.
Collector: Naokatsu Yanagi.
Label data: “28°10’N, 126°2’E to 28°20’N, 126°11’E, 64fath. 1913 年 6 月 22 日, Trawl, N.
Yanaghi”.
Eleutherobia rigida Pütter ボウウミイチゴ
UMUTZ-Cnid-A-72; one colony.
Locality: Sagami Bay, Yokohama Port.
164

Date: June, 1923.
Label data: “横浜港, 4, 大正 12 年 6 月”.
Eleutherobia aff. rigida Pütter ボウウミイチゴ類似種
UMUTZ-Cnid-A-98; one colony.
Locality: Sagami Bay, Gokeba, 150-200 fathoms (i.e., 280-370 m).
Date: 16 June 1902.
Collector: Kumakichi Aoki.
Label data: “産地 鬼ガセ ゴケバ, 150−200 ヒロ, 明治 35 年 6 月 16 日 採集 熊”.
Remarks: “鬼ガセ”, transliterated as “Onigase” is located about 3 km southwest of Mera,
Tateyama city, Kanagawa Prefecture, and its depth is shallower than 60 m. “ゴケバ”,
transliterated as “Gokeba” is located about 15 km southwest of Mera, and its depth isgreater than 100 m.
Eleutherobia rubra Brundin ウミイチゴ
UMUTZ-Cnid-A-44; one colony.
Locality: Sagami Bay, Misaki, Miura city, Kanagawa Prefecture.
Collector: Prof. Isao Ijima.
Label data: “Nidalia grandiflora Kükenthal, Alcyonacea, Alcyonaria, Misaki, Prof. 飯島”.
UMUTZ-Cnid-A-71; two colonies.
Locality: Sagami Bay, Misaki, Miura city, Kanagawa Prefecture.
Collector: Prof. Isao Ijima.
Label data: “産地 ミサキ, 採集 飯島”.
Eleutherobia cf. rubra Brundin ウミイチゴ?
UMUTZ-Cnid-A-46; one colony.
Locality: Probably Sagami Bay, 170 fathoms (i.e., ca. 310 m).
Date: 2 April 1895.
Collector: Prof. Isao Ijima.
Label data: “産地 St. 5, 170 f., 95 年 4 月 2 日, 飯島”.
Remarks: Prof. Ijima collected another species, Carotalcyon sagamianum(UMUTZ-Cnid-A-81), from “station 5” in Sagami Bay on the same day.
UMUTZ-Cnid-A-101; one colony.
Locality: North of Okinawa Island, 28°10’N, 126°2’E to 28°20’N, 126°11’E, 64 fathoms (i.e.,ca. 120 m).
Date: 22 June 1913.
Collector: Naokatsu Yanagi.
Label data: “28°10’N, 126°2’E to 28°20’N, 126°11’E, 64fath. 1913 年 6 月 22 日, Trawl, N.
Yanaghi”.
UMUTZ-Cnid-A-113; one colony.
Date: 6 August 1894.
Label data: “Station 13, 6/VIII 94”.
Remarks: This specimen had been stored in the same jar as UMUTZ-Cnid-A-36.
Klyxum sp. (和名未定属)
UMUTZ-Cnid-A-118; one colony.
Locality: Okinawa Prefecture, Kubajima Island, Senkaku Islands.
Date: 15 May 1900.
Collector: Mikinosuke Miyajima.
Label data: “産地 黄尾島, 明治 33 年 5 月 15 日 採集 宮島”.
165

Remarks: Koubijima Island (黄尾嶋) is now called Kubajima Island (久場島). This specimen
had been stored in the same jar as UMUTZ-Cnid-A-55.
Lobophytum crebriplicatum (Marenzeller)
ウネタケ属の一種 (和名未定種)
UMUTZ-Cnid-A-61; three colonies.
Locality: Bonin Islands, Tsurihama, Chichijima Island.
Date: March, 1894.
Collectors: Sadamori Hirota and Ryotaro Sekiguchi.
Label data: “Lobophytum crebriplicatum (Marenzeller), Ogasawara Is., III 1894, (H. Utinomidet.)”; “小笠原父島ツリハマ, 明治 27 年 3 月, 弘田, 関口”.
Reference: Utinomi, 1956: 231.
Lobophytum sp. 1 ウネタケ属の一種
UMUTZ-Cnid-A-58; two colonies.
Locality: Okinawa Prefecture, Inanze Bank off Naha city.
Date: 18 April 1901.
Collectors: Prof. Kakichi Mitsukuri and Iwaji Iwata.
Label data: “沖縄ナハ沖イナンゼ, 明治 34 年 4 月 18 日, 箕作, 池田”; “#4 digitata”.
Remarks: It seems that these specimens were examined by F. M. Bayer, because the secondlabel is an official label of the U. S. National Museum.
Lobophytum sp. 2 ウネタケ属の一種
UMUTZ-Cnid-A-59; one colony.
Locality: Bonin Islands, Chichijima Island.
Date: February, 1894.
Collectors: Sadamori Hirota and Ryotaro Sekiguchi.
Label data: “LOBOPHYTUM sp., Alcyonacea, Alcyonaria, 小笠原父島, II’ 94, 弘田, 関口”.
Lobophytum sp. 3 ウネタケ属の一種
UMUTZ-Cnid-A-63; one colony.
Locality: Kagoshima Prefecture, probably Makurazaki city, 5 fathoms (i.e., ca. 10 m).
Date: 7 August 1899.
Collector: Mikinosuke Miyajima.
Label data: “産地 鹿児島県下枕崎 5 尋, 明治 32 年 8 月 7 日 採集 宮嶋”.
Remarks: I could not confirm the precise location of “Shimomakurazaki (下枕崎)”.
UMUTZ-Cnid-A-64; three pieces of one colony.
Locality: Kumamoto Prefecture, Ushibuka, Amakusa city.
Date: June, 1908.
Collector: Kumao Kinoshita.
Label data: “Ushibuka, Amakusa, Juni 1908, Kinoshita leg., durch Taucher”.
Sarcophyton cf. ehrenbergi Marenzeller コブウミキノコ?
UMUTZ-Cnid-A-62; two colonies.
Locality: Kumamoto Prefecture, Ushibuka, Amakusa city.
Date: June, 1908.
Collector: Kumao Kinoshita.
Label data: “Ushibuka, Amakusa, Juni 1908, Kinoshita leg. Durch Taucher”.

166Sarcophyton cf. glaucum (Quoy et Gaimard) オオウミキノコ?
UMUTZ-Cnid-A-67; five colonies.
Locality: Kumamoto Prefecture, Ushibuka, Amakusa city.
Date: June, 1908.
Collector: Kumao Kinoshita.
Label data: “Ushibuka, Amakusa, Juni 1908, Kinoshita leg. Durch Taucher”.
Remarks: These specimens had been stored in formalin.
UMUTZ-Cnid-A-121; one colony.
Locality: Kumamoto Prefecture, Ushibuka, Amakusa city.
Date: June, 1908.
Collector: Kumao Kinoshita.
Label data: “Ushibuka, Amakusa, Juni 1908, Kinoshita leg. Durch Taucher”.
Remarks: This specimen had been stored in the same jar as A-62, in formalin.
UMUTZ-Cnid-A-122; five colonies.
Locality: Kagoshima Prefecture, probably Makurazaki city, 5 fathoms (i.e., ca. 10 m).
Date: 7 August 1899.
Collector: Mikinosuke Miyajima.
Label data: “産地 鹿児島県下枕崎, 5 尋, 明治 32 年 8 月 7 日 採集 宮島”.
Remarks: I could not confirm the precise location of “Shimomakurazaki (下枕崎)”. This
specimen had been stored in the same jar as UMUTZ-Cnid-A-63.
Sarcophyton cf. trocheliophorum Marenzeller
ヒダベリウミキノコ?
UMUTZ-Cnid-A-123; two colonies.
Locality: Kumamoto Prefecture, Ushibuka, Amakusa city.
Date: June, 1908.
Collector: Kumao Kinoshita.
Label data: “Ushibuka, Amakusa, Juni 1908, Kinoshita leg. Durch Taucher”.
Sarcophyton sp. 1 ウミキノコ属の一種
UMUTZ-Cnid-A-65; two pieces of one colony.
Locality: Kagoshima Prefecture, probably Makurazaki city.
Date: 7 August 1899.
Collector: Mikinosuke Miyajima.
Label data: “産地 鹿児島県下枕崎モグリ, 明治 32 年 8 月 7 日採集 宮嶋”; “spicules
damaged by Formal”.
Remarks: I could not confirm the precise location of “Shimomakurazaki (下枕崎)”. It seems
that these specimens were examined by F. M. Bayer, because the second label is an official
label of the U. S. National Museum.
UMUTZ-Cnid-A-66; two colonies.
Locality: Okinawa Prefecture, Kyan-misaki Cape, Itoman city.
Date: 12 April 1901.
Collectors: Prof. Kakichi Mitsukuri and Iwaji Iwata.
Label data: “沖縄糸満キャム岬, モグリ, 明治 34 年 4 月 12 日, 箕作, 池田”; “#1-FMB”.
Remarks: The second label is an official label of U. S. National Museum. FMB are the initialsof F. M. Bayer.
Sarcophyton sp. 2 ウミキノコ属の一種
UMUTZ-Cnid-A-119; one colony.
Locality: Okinawa Prefecture, Kyan-misaki Cape, Itoman city.
167

Date: 12 April 1901.
Collectors: Prof. Kakichi Mitsukuri and Iwaji Ikeda.
Label data: “産地 沖縄糸満, 明治 34 年 4 月 12 日, 箕作, 池田”.
Remarks: This specimen had been stored in the same jar as UMUTZ-Cnid-A-56, in formalin.
Sarcophyton sp. 3 ウミキノコ属の一種
UMUTZ-Cnid-A-120; one colony.
Locality: Okinawa Prefecture, Inanze Bank, off Naha city.
Date: 18 April 1901.
Collectors: Prof. Kakichi Mitsukuri and Iwaji Ikeda.
Label data: “産地 沖縄ナハ沖イナンゼ, 明治 34 年 4 月 12 日 採集 箕作, 池田”; “#5,agariciform”.
Remarks: It seems that this specimen was examined by F. M. Bayer, because the second label
is an official label of the Smithsonian Institution.
Sinularia sp. 1 カタトサカ属の一種
UMUTZ-Cnid-A-54; one colony.
Locality: Kumamoto Prefecture, Ushibuka, Amakusa city.
Date: June, 1908.
Collector: Kumao Kinoshita.
Label data: “Ushibuka, Amakusa, Juni 1908, Kinoshita leg., durch Taucher”.
Sinularia sp. 2 カタトサカ属の一種
UMUTZ-Cnid-A-55; two colonies.
Locality: Okinawa Prefecture, Kubajima Island, Senkaku Islands.
Date: 15 May 1900.
Collector: Mikinosuke Miyajima.
Label data: “産地 黄尾嶋, 明治 33 年 5 月 15 日採集 宮嶋”.
Remarks: Koubijima Island (黄尾嶋) is now called Kubajima Island (久場島).
Sinularia sp. 3 カタトサカ属の一種
UMUTZ-Cnid-A-56; one colony.
Locality: Okinawa Prefecture, Kyan-misaki Cape, Itoman city.
Date: 12 April 1901.
Collector: Prof. Kakichi Mitsukuri and Iwaji Iwata.
Label data: “産地 沖縄糸満 キャム岬, 明治 34 年 4 月 12 日採集 箕作, 池田”.
Remarks: This specimen had been stored in formalin.
Sinularia sp. 4 カタトサカ属の一種
UMUTZ-Cnid-A-57; three colonies.
Locality: Kagoshima Prefecture, probably Makurazaki city, 5 fathoms (i.e., ca. 10 m).
Date: 7 August 1899.
Collector: Probably Mikinosuke Miyajima.
Label data: “産地 鹿児島県下枕崎, 5 尋, 明治 32 年 8 月 7 日”.
Remarks: I could not confirem the precise location of “Shimomakurazaki (下枕崎)”. The
collector’s name was cited after the labels of other specimens such as Sarcophyton glaucum(UMUTZ-Cnid-A-122).

168

Family Nephtheidae チヂミトサカ科
Chromonephthea hirotai (Utinomi) (和名未定属の一種)
UMUTZ-Cnid-A-104; two large and several small fragments.
Type status: Holotype.
Locality: Sagami Bay, 1.5 miles (i.e., ca. 2.5 km) off Niijima Island.
Date: 10 August 1893.
Collector: Sadamori Hirota.
Label data: “Eunephthya hirotai Utinomi, Loc. 1.5 miles off Niisima, Date Aug. 10 1893, Coll.
Sadamori Hirota, ident. H. Utinomi, TYPUS.”; “新島沖 20 町, 明治二十六年, 大ノ浦丸”.
References: Utinomi, 1951: 31-33; 1960: 22; Ofwegen, 2005: 111-114..
Remarks: The first label is an original label of the Seto Marine Biological Laboratory, Kyoto
University. These fragments are all considerably disintegrated.
Chromonephthea cf. imaharai Ofwegen (和名未定属の一種)
UMUTZ-Cnid-A-27; one colony.
Locality: Sagami Bay, Okinose Bank (see Remarks for UMUTZ-Cnid-A-80), 100 fathoms(i.e., 183 m).
Date: 13 August 1908.
Collectors: Prof. Kakichi Mitsukuri & Kumakichi Aoki.
Label data: “産地 沖の瀬 100 ヒロ, 明治 41 年月 13 日, 採集 箕作, 熊”.
Remarks: The sclerites forming the anthocodial formula of this specimen seems to be
somewhat more robust than the original description of this species indicates.
Dendronephthya (D.) cf. gigantea (Verrill) オオトゲトサカ?
UMUTZ-Cnid-A-34; one colony.
Locality: Kagoshima Prefecture, Teuchi, Shimokoshiki Island.
Date: 22 July 1899.
Collector: Mikinosuke Miyajima
Label data: “産地 下コシキ手打, 明治 32 年 7 月 22 日 採集 ミヤジマ”.
Remarks: The anthocodial formula of this specimen was not determined in this study. This
specimen had been stored in formalin.
UMUTZ-Cnid-A-35; one colony.
Locality: Kagoshima Prefecture, Teuchi, Shimokoshiki Island.
Date: 22 July 1899.
Collector: Mikinosuke Miyajima
Label data: “産地 下コシキ手打, 明治 32 年 7 月 22 日 採集 宮嶋”.
Remarks: This specimen had been stored in formalin. Its anthocodial formula was notdetermined in this study.
UMUTZ-Cnid-A-42; two colonies.
Locality: Kumamoto Prefecture, Ushibuka, Amakusa city.
Date: June, 1908.
Collector: Kumao Kinoshita.
Label data: “Ushibuka, Amakusa, 1908 Juni, Kinoshita leg., durch Taucher”.
Remarks: It was difficult to examine this specimen critically to determine the anthocodial
formula, because almost of all the polyps were somewhat disintegrated and covered withthick slime.
UMUTZ-Cnid-A-116; two colonies.
Locality: Kumamoto Prefecture, Ushibuka, Amakusa city.
Date: June, 1908.
169

Collector: Kumao Kinoshita.
Label data: “Ushibuka, Amakusa, 1908 Juni, Kinoshita, durch Taucher”.
Remarks: These specimens had been stored in the same jar as UMUTZ-Cnid-A-42.
UMUTZ-Cnid-A-117; one colony.
Locality: Kumamoto Prefecture, Ushibuka, Amakusa city.
Date: June, 1908.
Collector: Kumao Kinoshita.
Label data: “Ushibuka, Amakusa, 1908 June, Kinoshita leg. durch Taucher”.
Remarks: This specimen had been stored in the same jar as UMUTZ-Cnid-A-42.
Dendronephthya (D.) kollikeri Kükenthal ケリカートゲトサカ
UMUTZ-Cnid-A-37; one colony.
Locality: Republic of Palau.
Label data: “Dendronephthya koellikeri Kükenthal, Palau, date unknown (H. Utinomi det.)”.
Reference: Utinomi, 1956: 233-235.
Dendronephthya (D.) cf. nipponica Utinomi アカトゲトサカ?
UMUTZ-Cnid-A-111; two fragments.
Locality: Kagoshima Prefecture, Makurazaki city, 5 fathoms (i.e., ca. 10 m).
Date: 7 August 1900.
Collector: Mikinosuke Miyajima.
Label data: “サツマ 枕崎 5 尋, 明治 33 年 8 月 7 日 採集 宮嶋”.
Remarks: The growth form and anthocodial formula of these fragments closely resemble thoseof D. (D.) nipponica except for the color of the polyps, which here have yellowish orange toyellow sclerites, not blood-red ones as stated in the original description.
Dendronephthya (D.) cf. tuberculata Utinomi
トゲトサカ属の一種 (和名未定種)
UMUTZ-Cnid-A-29; one fragment.
Locality: Sagami Bay, Misaki, Miura city, Kanagawa Prefecture.
Label data: “Dendronephthya (Spongodes), Alcyonacea, 三崎”.
Remarks: The growth form of this specimen is more or less umbellate. The color is somewhat
different from that stated in the original description. The anthocodial armature consists oflight red to pink sclerites, and the sclerites of the supporting bundle are very pale pink,whereas the former were reddish orange and the latter orange-yellow in the specimen
described by Utinomi (1952).
Dendronephthya (Morchellana) acaulis Kukenthal
コデマリトゲトサカ
UMUTZ-Cnid-A-33; two colonies.
Locality: Sagami Bay, Dôketsuba (see Remarks for UMUTZ-Cnid-A-91), 100 fathoms (i.e., ca.
180 m).
Date: 9 August 1897.
Collector: Kumakichi Aoki.
Label data: “産地 同穴場 (100 尋), 明治 30 年 8 月 9 日採集 熊吉”.
Dendronephthya (M.) densa Kükenthal
トゲトサカ属の一種 (和名未定種)
UMUTZ-Cnid-A-32; one colony.
Locality: Mie Prefecture, shallow waters off Shima city near Ise city.
170

Date: January, 1892.
Label data: “115 Spongodes, Prov. Shima”, “25 年 1 月上旬, 伊勢ノ南志摩ノ浅海域動物○○○ [illegible]”.
Remarks: This specimen is somewhat disintegrated.
Dendronephthya (M.) cf. filigrana Kükenthal
トゲトサカ属の一種 (和名未定種)
UMUTZ-Cnid-A-8; one colony.
Locality: Probably Sagami Bay, 92 fathoms (i.e., 168 m).
Date: 2 June 1905.
Collector: Kumakichi Aoki.
Label data: “Bashford Dean Collection, Loc. Station 1, 92 hiro, Date. 2 June 1905, Collector:
Kuma”.
Remarks: This species apparently belongs to the subgenus Morchellana based on its growthform; however, Tixier-Durivault & Prevorsek (1960) considered it to be a member of thesubgenus Roxasia.
UMUTZ-Cnid-A-13: one colony.
Locality: Sagami Bay, Dôketsuba (see Remarks for UMUTZ-Cnid-A-91), 180 fathoms (i.e., ca.
330 m).
Date: 12 August 1895.
Collector: Prof. Isao Ijima.
Label data: “同穴場, 180 尋, 12/8/1895, 飯島”.
Remarks: It was difficult to examine this specimen critically to determine the anthocodial
formula, because it has suffered considerable disintegration.
Dendronephthya (M.) pectinata (Holm)
コンボウトゲトサカ
UMUTZ-Cnid-A-12; four colonies.
Locality: Sagami Bay, Dôketsuba (see Remarks for UMUTZ-Cnid-A-91), 130 fathoms (i.e., ca.
240 m).
Date: 9 August 1897.
Collector: Kumakichi Aoki.
Label data: “産地 同穴場, 130 尋, 明治 30 年 8 月 9 日 採集 熊吉”.
UMUTZ-Cnid-A-14; two colonies.
Locality: Probably Sagami Bay, 130 fathoms (i.e., ca. 240 m).
Collector: Kumakichi Aoki.
Label data: “産地 ○○○ [illegible] 130 ヒロ ○○○○ [illegible] 熊吉”.
Remarks: These specimens had been stored in formalin.
UMUTZ-Cnid-A-36; one colony.
Date: 6 August 1894.
Label data: “Station 13, 6/VIII 94”.
Remarks: The divaricate-like growth form of this specimen is likely due to its being young.
This specimen had been stored in the same jar as UMUTZ-Cnid-A-112 and A-113.
Dendronephthya (M.) sp. 1 トゲトサカ属の一種
UMUTZ-Cnid-A-11; two colonies.
Locality: Sagami Bay, about 2 km off Niijima.
Date: 10 August 1903.
Collector: Fishing trawler Ohnoura-maru.
Label data: “新嶋沖 20 町, ケタアミ, 明治 36 年 8 月 10 日, 大の浦丸”.
171Remarks: Both the sharpness of the polyps and the arrangement of the sclerites of theanthocodial armature closely resemble those of D. (M.) longicaulis (Kukenthal); however,the branching form of the colony is quite different.
UMUTZ-Cnid-A-107; one colony.
Locality: Sagami Bay, probably south of the Miura Peninsula, Kanagawa Prefecture, 80
fathoms (i.e., ca. 150 m).
Date: 21 July 1913.
Collectors: Hikoshichiro Matsumoto and H. Chiba.
Label data: “Bishamon-gake, Kimuraippai, 80 hiro, 1913 VII 21, Coll. H. Matsumoto, H.
Chiba”.
Remarks: Probably a young colony. The meaning of “Bishamon-gake” is probably
Bishamon-line, which is probably a line extending from Fujiyama Mountain (see Remarks
for UMUTZ-Cnid-A-96) in the direction of Bishamon Bay located in the southern part ofMiura city, Kanagawa Prefecture. I could not confirem the location of “Kimuraippai”.
UMUTZ-Cnid-A-115; one fragment.
Locality: Sagami Bay, about 2 km off Niijima Island.
Date: 10 August 1893.
Collector: Fishing trawler Ohnoura-maru.
Label data: “Alcyoniidae sp”; “新島沖 20 町, 年 8 月 10 日 大の浦丸”; “新島西沖 20 町, 8
月 10 日 26 年 ケタアミ, No. 145”.
Remarks: There are a few very large spindles, more than 1.5 mm long, with rounded points.
This specimen had been stored in the same jar as UMUTZ-Cnid-A-41.
Dendronephthya (M.) sp. 2 トゲトサカ属の一種
UMUTZ-Cnid-A-40; two colonies.
Locality: Sagami Bay, Uraga Channel, Jirouzaemonba, 120 fathoms (i.e., ca. 220 m).
Date: 17 August 1900.
Collectors: Juta Hara and Moriwaki”.
Label data: “産地 浦賀水道 次郎左衛門場 120 尋, エナ掛け, 青山○○ [illegible], 明
治 33 年 8 月 17 日採集 原, 森脇”.
Remarks: The meaning of “エナ掛け”is “Ena-line”. This is a line from Fujiyama Mountain(see Remarks for UMUTZ-Cnid-A-96) in the direction of Ena in the southeastern part of theMiura Peninsula. It seems that the collecting point lies south of the Miura Peninsula,although I could not confirm the precise location of “Jirozaemonba 次郎左衛門場”. The
anthocodial formula of these specimens was not determined in this study.
Dendronephthya (M.) sp. 3 トゲトサカ属の一種
UMUTZ-Cnid-A-41; five fragments.
Locality: Sagami Bay, about 2 km off Niijima Island.
Date: 10 August 1893.
Collector: Fishing trawler Ohnoura-maru.
Label data: “Alcyoniidae sp”; “新島沖 20 町, 8 月 10 日 26 年 大の浦丸”; “新島西沖 20 町,
8 月 10 日, ケタアミ, No. 145”.
Remarks: The anthocodial formula of these specimens was not determined in this study.
Dendronephthya (Roxasia) cf. candida (Pütter)
トゲトサカ属の一種 (和名未定種)
UMUTZ-Cnid-A-30; two colonies.
Locality: North of Okinawa Island, 28°10’N, 126°2’E to 28°20’N, 126°11’E, 64 fathoms (i.e.,ca. 120 m).
172

Date: 22 June 1913.
Collector: Naokatsu Yanagi.
Label data: “28°10’N, 126°2’E to 28°20’N, 126°11’E, 64 fath., June 22 1913, Trawl, N.
Yanaghi”.
Remarks: These specimens are relatively sparsely branched, and the sclerites entering into theanthocodial formula are more slender than those of previously described specimens.
UMUTZ-Cnid-A-124; one colony.
Locality: North of Okinawa Island, 28°10’N, 126°2’E to 28°20’N, 126°11’E, 64 fathoms (i.e.,ca. 120 m).
Date: 22 June 1913.
Collector: Naokatsu Yanagi.
Label data: “28°10’N, 126°2’E to 28°20’N, 126°11’E, 64 fath., June 22 1913, Trawl, N.
Yanaghi”.
Remarks: This specimen had been stored in the same jar as UMUTZ-Cnid-A-30.
UMUTZ-Cnid-A-125; one colony.
Locality: North of Okinawa Island, 28°10’N, 126°2’E to 28°20’N, 126°11’E, 64 fathoms (i.e.,ca. 120 m).
Date: 22 June 1913.
Collector: Naokatsu Yanagi.
Label data: “28°10’N, 126°2’E to 28°20’N, 126°11’E, 64 fath., June 22 1913, Trawl, N.
Yanaghi”.
Remarks: This specimen had been stored in the same jar as UMUTZ-Cnid-A-30.
Dendronephthya (R.) cf. divaricata (Gray)
トゲトサカ属の一種 (和名未定種)
UMUTZ-Cnid-A-28; one fragment.
Locality: Sagami Bay, Dôketsuba (see Remrks for UMUTZ-Cnid-A-91), 100 fathoms (i.e., ca.
180 m).
Date: 6 January 1897.
Collector: Kumakichi Aoki.
Label data: “同穴場 100 尋, 30, 1, 6, 熊”.
Remarks: This specimen is somewhat disintegrated.
UMUTZ-Cnid-A-38; two colonies.
Locality: Sagami Bay, about 2 km off Niijima Island.
Date: 10 August 1903
Collector: Fishing trawler Ohnoura-maru.
Label data: “No.146, 新島沖 20 町, 8 月 10 日 36 年, 大ノ浦丸”; “Alcyonacea sp.”.
Remarks: The anthocodial formula of these specimens was not determined in this study.
Dendronephthya (R.) cf. gracillima Kükenthal
トゲトサカ属の一種 (和名未定種)
UMUTZ-Cnid-A-110; one colony.
Locality: Sagami Bay, Dôketsuba (see Remarks for UMUTZ-Cnid-A-91), 60 fathoms (i.e., ca.
110 m).
Date: 10 January 1908.
Collector: Kumao Kinoshita.
Label data: “産地 同穴場 60 尋, 明治 41 年 1 月 10 日 採集 木下”.

173

Dendronephthya (R .) sp. トゲトサカ属の一種
UMUTZ-Cnid-A-9; one fragment.
Locality: Yamaguchi Prefecture, three miles (i.e., ca. 5 km) off Shimonoseki city, 300 fathoms(i.e., ca. 550 m).
Date: 14 July 1894.
Collector: Prof. Isao Ijima.
Label data: “3 ri of Shimonoseki, 300 Hiro, 14/7 94, Ijima, 70%”.
Remarks: This specimen is a very young colony, and almost completely disintegrated. The
word “ri” on the label seems to mean “kairi: 海里”, i.e. a nautical mile.
Gersemia cf. rubiformis (Ehrenberg) アカキタトサカ?
UMUTZ-Cnid-A-60; one colony.
Locality: Eastport, Maine, U.S.A.
Label data: “Alcyonium carneum Sp., Eastport Me. ○○○ [illegible]”.
Remarks: The latter half of the label was extremely hard to read. Alcyonium carneum Verrill isa junior synonym of Gersemia rubiformis, according to Utinomi (1961). This specimen had
been stored in formalin, and also had once dried out.
Lemnalia cf. cervicornis (May) ロッカクウミゼリ?
UMUTZ-Cnid-A-1; two colonies
Locality: Okinawa Prefecture, Inanze Bank, off Naha city.
Date: 18 April 1901.
Collectors: Prof. Kakichi Mitsukuri & Iwaji Ikeda.
Label data: “ナハ沖イナンゼ, 34 年 4 月 18 日, 箕作, 池田”.
Remarks: With pedicellate polyps.
Nephthea cf. chabrolii Audouin チヂミトサカ?
UMUTZ-Cnid-A-6; one colony.
Locality: Okinawa Prefecture.
Label data: “Riukiu, Alcyonacea Alcyonaria”.
Nephthea cf. elongata Kükenthal
チヂミトサカ属の一種 (和名未定種)
UMUTZ-Cnid-A-4; one colony.
Locality: Philippines, Marongan, Jolo.
Collector: Probably Prof. Felty S. Light.
Label data: Magongan, Jolo, Philippine Islands. (Prob. Coll. S. F. Light), F.M.B., 1953”.
Remarks: This specimen was probably presented to this museum by F. M. Bayer when hecame to Japan in 1953. F. S. Light was a Professor of the University of the Philippines who
published several articles on the systematic of octocorals.
Nephthea cf. erecta Kükenthal タチチヂミトサカ?
UMUTZ-Cnid-A-2; three colonies.
Locality: Kagoshima Prefecture, off Cape Makurazaki, 5 fathoms (i.e., ca. 10 m)
Date: 7 August 1899
Collector: Mikinosuke Miyajima.
Label data: “産地 サツマ枕崎五尋, 明治 32 年 8 月 7 日採集 宮嶋”.

174

Nephthea junipera Thomson et Dean
チヂミトサカ属の一種 (和名未定種)
UMUTZ-Cnid-A-5; one colony.
Locality: Okinawa Prefecture, Kyan-misaki Cape, Itoman city.
Date: 12 April 1901.
Collectors: Prof. Kakichi Mitsukuri & Iwaji Ikeda.
Label data: “Nephthea junipera, Thomson & Dean, Itoman, Okinawa Is., 1901 (H. Utinomidet.)”; “産地 沖縄糸満キャム岬, モグリ, 箕作, 池田, 採集 明治 34 年 4 月 12 日”.
Remarks: This specimen agrees well with N. junipera in the Stereonephthya-like appearance
and considerable stinging armature of the polyps.
Nephthea cf. setoensis Utinomi
チヂミトサカ属の一種 (和名未定種)
UMUTZ-Cnid-A-7; two colonies.
Locality: Probably Sagami Bay, Kôzushima Island.
Label data: “神集嶋”.
Remarks: The supporting bundle of this specimen is less well developed than that shown in theoriginal description of this species. There are two “神集島” Islands in Japan: the old nameof Kôzushima (神津島) in Sagami Bay is “神集島”, and the present Kashiwajima (神集島)
is located off Karatsu city, Saga Prefecture in Kyushu.
Nephthea sp. チヂミトサカ属の一種
UMUTZ-Cnid-A-3; two colonies.
Locality: Okinawa Prefecture, Kyan-misaki Cape, Itoman city.
Date: 12 April 1901.
Collectors: Prof. Kakichi Mitsukuri & Iwaji Ikeda.
Label data: “沖縄糸満キャム岬 モグリ, 明治 34 年 4 月 12 日, 箕作, 池田”.
Remarks: The anthocodial armature of these specimens resembles that of N. chabrolii, but the
supporting bundle is considerably more weakly developed than that of UMUTZ-Cnid-A-6.
Paraspongodes sp. ウミツゲ属の一種
UMUTZ-Cnid-A-10; one colony.
Locality: Sagami Bay.
Collector: Kumakichi Aoki.
Label data: “Eunephthya spiculosa Kükenthal, Loc. Sagami Bay, Date. ? Coll. K. Aoki”
References: Utinomi, 1951: 30-31, 1960: 20-22.
Remarks: This specimen was identified as Eunephthya spiculosa Kükenthal (= Paraspongodes
spiculosa) by Utinomi (1951, 1960). According to Utinomi’s paper, there was another label,“Eunephthya spiculosa det. K. Kinoshita. Collected by K. Aoki”, which I could not find.
However, the type specimens of P. spiculosa have slender rods peculiar to the genus
Scleronephthya in the polyps according to the figures of the original description (Kükenthal,1906), and my preliminary studies on the type specimen confirm this (Imahara,
unpublished). It seems that this specimen belongs to the genus Paraspongodes or
Chromonephthea on account of the polyps not having have these peculiar slender rods.
Stereonephthya japonica Utinomi キバナトサカ
UMUTZ-Cnid-A-15; one colony.
Locality: Kagoshima Bay, probably Shimizucho, Kagoshima city.
Date: 29 March 1896.
Collectors: Prof. Kakichi Mitsukuri & Juta Hara”.
175Label data: “鹿児島湾薩摩田浦, 明治 29 年 3 月 29 日採集 箕作, 原”.
Remarks: It seems that “Satsuma-Tanoura (薩摩田浦)” is a old local name for Shimizucho,
Kagoshima city. This specimen is somewhat damaged.
UMUTZ-Cnid-A-16; Number of specimens: five colonies.
Locality: Kagoshima Prefecture, Teuchi, Shimokoshiki Island.
Date: 22 July 1899.
Collector: Mikinosuke Miyajima.
Label data: “産地 下コシキ手打, 明治 32 年 7 月 22 日採集 宮嶋”.
Remarks: These specimens had been stored in formalin.
UMUTZ-Cnid-A-17; one colony.
Locality: Probably Kagoshima Prefecture, Kamise, probably off Yamakawa fishery port,
Ibusuki city.
Date: 30 March 1896.
Label data: “神瀬, M29, 3, 30”.
Remarks: The locality was ascertained based on a published record of the collection trip of Prof.
Kakichi Mitsukuri with Juta Hara to Kagoshima in 1896 (Isono, 1988). There are two 神瀬
in Kagoshima Prefecture i.e., a deep bank off Ibusuki city (see Telesto tubulosa:
UMUTZ-Cnid-A-103) and a small Island in Kagoshima Bay. The locality was considered
to later, because the habitat of this species is shallow bottom.
UMUTZ-Cnid-A-21; two colonies.
Locality: Sagami Bay, Araibama, Misaki, Miura city, Kanagawa Prefecture.
Date: April, 1916.
Label data: “April 1916, Misaki Araibama”.
Remarks: These specimens had been stored in formalin.
UMUTZ-Cnid-A-23; one colony.
Locality: Sagami Bay, Misaki, Miura city, Kanagawa Prefecture.
Date: April, 1916.
Label data: “Dendronephthya with Coeloplana bocki Komai, Misaki, IV 1916”.
Remarks: Coeloplana bocki is a sessile, epizoic ctenophore, “Kuragemushi” in Japanese.
UMUTZ-Cnid-A-31; one colony.
Locality: Kagoshima Prefecture, Cape Makurazaki, 5 fathoms (i.e., ca. 10 m).
Date: 7 August 1899.
Collector: Mikinosuke Miyajima.
Label data: “産地 サツマ枕崎 5 尋, 明治 32 年 8 月 7 日 採集 ミヤシマ”.
Stereonephthya cf. japonica Utinomi キバナトサカ?
UMUTZ-Cnid-A19; one colony.
Locality: Kumamoto Prefecture, Ushibuka, Amakusa city.
Date: June, 1908.
Collector: Kumao Kinoshita.
Label data: “Ushibuka, Amakusa, Juni 1908, Kinoshita leg., durch Taucher”.
Remarks: The construction of the anthocodial armature of this specimen closely resembles thatof S. japonica; however, the color of the branches and the lower part of the polyp stalks is
pink.
UMUTZ-Cnid-A-20; three colonies.
Locality: Kumamoto Prefecture, Ushibuka, Amakusa city.
Date: June, 1908.
Collector: Kumao Kinoshita.
Label data: “Ushibuka, Amakusa, 1908 Juni, Kinoshita, durch Taucher”.
Remarks: Several parts of the branches are pinkish in color, just as in UMUTZ-Cnid-A-19.
176

UMUTZ-Cnid-A-22; two colonies.
Locality: Kumamoto Prefecture, Ushibuka, Amakusa city.
Date: June, 1908.
Collector: Kumao Kinoshita.
Label data: “Ushibuka, Amakusa, Juni 1908, Kinoshita, durch Taucher”.
Remarks: Several parts of the branches are pinkish in color, just as in UMUTZ-Cnid-A-19.
Stereonephthya cf. papyracea Kükenthal
ハナトサカ属の一種 (和名未定種)
UMUTZ-Cnid-A-26; four colonies.
Locality: Sagami Bay, Dôketsuba (see Remarks for UMUTZ-Cnid-A-91), 60 fathoms (i.e., ca.
110 m).
Date: 10 January 1908.
Collector: Kumao Kinoshita.
Label data: “産地 同穴場 60 尋, 明治 41 年 1 月 10 日 採集 木下”.
Remarks: The color of these colonies closely resembles that of Stereonephthya osimaensis
Utinomi, but the size of the polyps is considerably smaller, and the construction of theanthocodial armature quite different. Stereonephthya papyracea has been recorded only
once previously, from the type locality in Palau by Kükenthal (1905).
Stereonephthya rubriflora Utinomi アカバナトサカ
UMUTZ-Cnid-A-18; one colony.
Locality: Kagoshima Prefecture, probably Kamise in Kagoshima Bay.
Date: 30 March, 1896.
Label data: “神瀬 29, 3, 30”.
Remarks: The locality was determined by reference to the same record of Prof. Kakichi
Mitsukuri’s collection trip as was used for UMUTZ-Cnid-A-17 (Isono, 1988).
UMUTZ-Cnid-A-25; one colony.
Locality: Kumamoto Prefecture, Ushibuka, Amakusa city.
Date: June, 1908.
Collector: Kumao Kinoshita.
Label data: “Ushibuka, Amakusa, 1908 Juni, Kinoshita leg., durch Taucher”.
Stereonephthya sp. ハナトサカ属の一種
UMUTZ-Cnid-A-24; two colonies.
Locality: Kagoshima Prefecture, Teuchi, Shimokoshiki Island.
Date: 22 July 1899.
Collector: Mikinosuke Miyajima.
Label data: “産地 下コシキ 手打, 明治 32 年 7 月 22 日採集 宮嶋”.
Remarks: The color of these specimens closely resembles that of Stereonephtha osimaensis
Utinomi, but the construction of the anthocodial armature is quite different. These
specimens had been stored in formalin.
Umbellurifera sp. 1 (和名未定属の一種)
UMUTZ-Cnid-A-39; three fragments.
Locality: Sagami Bay, Dôketsuba (see Remarks for UMUTZ-Cnid-A-91), 60 fathoms (i.e., ca.
110 m).
Date: October, 1908.
Collector: Kumao Kinoshita.
Label data: “産地 同穴場 60 尋, 明治 41 年 10 月, 採集 木下”.
177

Remarks: These specimens had been stored in formalin.
Umbellurifera sp. 2 (和名未定属の一種)
UMUTZ-Cnid-A-114; one fragment.
Locality: Sagami Bay, about 2 km off Niijima Island.
Date: 10 August 1893.
Collector: Fishing trawler Ohnoura-maru.
Label data: “Alcyoniidae sp”; “新島沖 20 町, 8 月 10 日 大の浦丸”; “新島西沖 20 町, 8 月
10 日 26 年 ケタアミ, No. 145”.
Remarks: The sclerites are in a more or less disintegrated state. This specimen had been stored
in the same jar as UMUTZ-Cnid-A-41
Family Nidaliidae タイマツトサカ科
Nidalia cf. macrospina Kükenthal
タイマツトサカ属の一種 (和名未定種)
UMUTZ-Cnid-A-112; one colony.
Date: 6 August 1894.
Label data: “Station 13, 6/VIII 94”.
Remarks: This specimen had been stored in the same jar as A-36.
Siphonogorgia cf. dipsacea (Wright & Studer) アカバナクダヤギ?
UMUTZ-Cnid-A-53; five fragments and one colony.
Locality: Sagami Bay, 400 fathoms (i.e., ca. 730 m).
Date: 10 August 1897.
Collector: Kumakichi Aoki.
Label data: “SIPHONOGORGIA DIPSACEA Wright et Studer, Alcyonacea, Alcyonaria,
Sagami Bay 400 h. 10/VIII/97, 熊吉”; “椿山○○○ [illegible], 30 年 8 月 10 日”.
Remarks: I could not confirm the meaning of “椿山”.
Siphonogorgia sp. 1 クダヤギ属の一種
UMUTZ-Cnid-A-50; two fragments.
Locality: Kagoshima Prefecture, Shimo-tsukurase Island, about 20 km south of Takarajima
Island, coral ground, 70 fathoms (i.e., ca. 130 m).
Date: 13 July 1899.
Collector: Mikinosuke Miyajima.
Label data: “産地 鹿児島県下津倉瀬島 珊瑚場 70 尋, 明治 32 年 7 月 13 日採集 宮
嶋”.
Remarks: With completely retracted polyps.
Siphonogorgia sp. 2 クダヤギ属の一種
UMUTZ-Cnid-A-51; one colony.
Locality: Sagami Bay, 200 fathoms (i.e., ca. 370 m).
Date: 5 August 1896.
Collector: Golden Hind Expedition (Alan Owston).
Label data: “Station 48, 200 hiro, muddy bottom, 5/8/1896, Golden Hind Expedition”.
Remarks: With completely retracted polyps.
Siphonogorgia sp. 3 クダヤギ属の一種
UMUTZ-Cnid-A-52; one colony.
Locality: Sagami Bay, Misaki, Miura city, Kanagawa Prefecture, 330-340 fathoms (i.e., ca.
178600-620 m).
Date: May, 1895.
Collector: Kumakichi Aoki.
Label data: “Siphonogorgia sp. Alcyonacea, Alcyonaria, Misaki, 330-340 hiro V1895”; “巌戸掛外, 330-40 尋 38 年 5 月 熊”.
Remarks: With somewhat non-retracted polyps. See Remarks for UMUTZ-Cnid-A-96 for themeaning of “巌戸掛外”, i.e. “outside of the Iwado-line”.
Gen. sp.
クダヤギ科の一種
UMUTZ-Cnid-A-48; one colony.
Locality: Sagami Bay, Dôketsuba (see Remarks for UMUTZ-Cnid-A-91), 60 fathoms (i.e.,
110 m).
Date: October, 1908.
Collector: Kumao Kinoshita.
Label data: “産地 同穴場 60 尋, 明治 41 年 10 月, 採集 木下”.
Remarks: This non-branching, slender, club-like small colony probably belongs to either the
genus Nidalia or Siphonogorgia.
Family Maasellidae カクレトサカ科
Carotalyon sagamianum Utinomi ニンジントサカ
UMUTZ-Cnid-A-81; one colony.
Type status: Holotype.
Locality: Sagami Bay, 170 fathoms (i.e., ca. 310 m).
Date: 2 April 1895.
Collector: Prof. Isao Ijima
Label data: “Samples of Sponges from 170 hiro, near stat. 5, Apr. 2nd 1895, To be studied.
Colors taken note of Ijima”; “Carotalcyona sagamianum Utinomi, Loc. Sagami Bay 170
fm. Date Apr., 1895, Coll. Prof. Ijima”.
Reference: Utinomi, 1952: 441-446.
Remarks: The second label is an official label of the Seto Marine Biological Laboratory, Kyoto
University.
Paralcyonium elegans (M. Edwards) ヘンゲトサカ属の一種
UMUTZ-Cnid-A-82; one colony.
Locality: Naples.
Label data: “Naples, PARALCYONIUM ELEGANS, Alcyonacea, Alcyonaria”.
Remarks: It seems that Prof. Ijima brought this specimen home from his overseas trip.

179

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181

Summary
The alcyonacean collection housed in the University Museum, the University of Tokyo,
consists of Japanese specimens from off the Boso Peninsula to the Ryukyu Islands, including theBonin Islands and the coral grounds of Kochi and Kagoshima, as well as specimens from several
foreign countries, viz., the Philippines, Ponape Island (= Pohnpei Island, Federated States ofMicronesia), Palau Islands (= Republic of Palau), and Naples, Italy, collected between 1892 and 1923.
The majority were collected from Sagami Bay, probably representing the collections of the Misaki
Marine Biological Laboratory and the Department of Zoology, Tokyo Imperial University (thepredecessor of the present University of Tokyo). Almost all of the specimens had been stored inethanol, although several specimens had been stored in formalin. A total of 112 jars of specimens
were found, including 20 jars identified by earlier workers to 16 species, 5 jars identified to 4 genera,and 3 jars identified to 3 families. The scientific names were determined by the present author basedon observation of specimens’ external appearance and by reference to the label data and thereferences cited herein. The anthocodial formula was also referred to in the case of polyps possessing
anthocodial armed sclerites. The specimens were found to comprise a total of 77 species, including
32 unidentified species, now divided among 125 jars. The following three type specimens wererediscovered in the present study:
Carotalcyon sagamianum Utinomi (UMUTZ-Cnid-A-81, Holotype)
Chromonephthea hirotai (Utinomi) (UMUTZ-Cnid-A-104, Holotype)
Telesto tubulosa Kinoshita (UMUTZ-Cnid-A-103, Holotype)The following three type specimens expected to be present were not found and may be lost:
Paratelesto rosea (Kinoshita) (Holotype), one colony, Miyake Island, south of Izu
Province, 10 August 1893, collected by S. Hirota.
Telesto sagamina Kinoshita (Syntypes), two fragments probably belonging to one
colony, Dohketsuba, Sagami Bay, 60 fathoms (i.e., ca. 110 m), October, 1908,
collected by Kinoshita himself.
The list was made, in principle, according to the recent system outlined by G. C. Williams and
S. D. Cairns on the web-site <http://research.calacademy.org.research/izg/OCTOCLASS.htm>. For
each specimen or lot, the scientific name and collecting information are provided in the following
order: 1, registration number; 2, number of specimens included in the jar; 3, type status; 4, collecting
locality; 5, collection date; 6, collector’s name(s); 7, original label data; 8, reference(s); 9, remarks.
The entries are abbreviated if there was no information on the label or in the references. The
traditional Japanese unit for measuring depth, the “hiro” is taken here as equivalent to one fathom.
Acknowledgements
I would like to express my cordial thanks to Dr. Rei Ueshima, the University of Tokyo, foroffering me the opportunity to examine such an interesting octocorallian collection. My thanks also
go to Fumihito Iwase, Head of the Biological Institute on Kuroshio, for his kind help in reading thedifficult specimen labels, to Dr. Hiroshi Namikawa, National Museum of Nature and Science, Tokyo,
for kindly providing information on the old names of fishing grounds in Sagami Bay, Dr. Mayumi
Yamada, emeritus professor of Hokkaido University, for kindly providing information on Kumao
Kinoshita, and to Dr. Mark J. Grygier, Lake Biwa Museum, for revision of the English manuscript.

182