2009B1832                          BL14B2ᆒ୍⣔㓟໬཯ᛂ࡟࠾ࡅࡿࣃࣛࢪ࣒࢘ゐ፹ࡢᵓ㐀㸭㟁Ꮚ≧ែ࡜ゐ፹άᛶ࡜ࡢ┦㛵࡟㛵ࡍࡿ XAFS ᐃ◊✲
XAFS Study on the Relationship between Structural /Electronic State of thePalladium Catalyst and Its Activity in the Homogeneous Oxidation
Reactionዟᒸ ᫴୍, ୕ዲ Ὀஅ, ᕝ➃ ❳ஓ, ⡿ཎ ᏹྖ
Shin-ichi Okuoka, Yasuyuki Miyoshi, Tatsuya Kawabata, Koji Yonehara㻔ᰴ㻕᪥ᮏゐ፹NIPPON SHOKUBAI CO., LTD.
 ࢺࣜࣇࣝ࢜ࣟ㓑㓟ࣃࣛࢪ࣒࢘ࢆ㓑㓟ࣈࢳࣝ⁐፹࡟⁐ゎࡉࡏࠊ1̺࢜ࢡࢸࣥࡸࢺࣜࣇࣝ࢜ࣟ㓑㓟㖡ࢆඹᏑࡉࡏࡓሙྜࡢࣃࣛࢪ࣒࢘ཬࡧ㖡ࡢ XAFS ᐃࢆ⾜࠸ࠊࣃࣛࢪ࣒࢘ࡢ 1̺࢜ࢡࢸࣥ࡟ࡼࡿ㑏ඖ཯ᛂཬࡧ㖡࡟ࡼࡿ෌㓟໬཯ᛂࡢ㐍⾜ࢆ┤᥋ほ ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟ᡂຌࡋࡓࠋࡲࡓࠊ࣓ࢳࣞࣥࣛࢡࢺࣥྜᡂ཯ᛂ࡟࠾ࡅࡿࣃࣛࢪ࣒࢘ゐ፹ཬࡧ㖡ຓゐ፹ྵ᭷⁐ᾮࡢྛ཯ᛂ᫬㛫࡟࠾ࡅࡿ XAFS ᐃࡶ⾜࠸ࠊゐ፹ࡢ≧ែࡸࠊࡑࡢ⤒᫬ኚ໬ࡢほ ࡶᐇ᪋ࡋࡓࠋ࣮࣮࢟࣡ࢻ㸸 XAFSࠊࣃࣛࢪ࣒࢘ゐ፹ࠊ㖡ຓゐ፹ࠊᆒ୍⣔㓟໬཯ᛂࠊ࣓ࢳࣞࣥࣛࢡࢺࣥ⫼ᬒ࡜◊✲┠ⓗ㸸ࣃࣛࢪ࣒࢘ࢆゐ፹࡟౑⏝ࡋࡓⅣ⣲㸫㓟⣲⤖ྜࢆᙧᡂࡍࡿ࢔ࣝࢣࣥ㢮ࡢ㓟໬཯ᛂࡣࠊ୍⯡࡟
Wacker ᆺ཯ᛂ࡜࿧ࡤࢀࠊᕤᴗ⏕⏘࡟ࡶ౑⏝ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㠀ᖖ࡟᭷⏝࡞཯ᛂ࡛࠶ࡿ[1㹼2]ࠋゐ፹࡜ࡋ࡚ࡣ୍⯡࡟ሷ໬ࣃࣛࢪ࣒࢘㻔ཬࡧሷ໬㖡ࡸሷ໬Ỉ⣲ࡀඹᏑ㻕ࡀ୺࡟౑⏝ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡀࠊ〇㐀⿦⨨ࡢ⭉㣗ၥ㢟ࡸ᫖௒ࡢ⎔ቃởᰁ㜵Ṇ࣭⎔ቃ㈇Ⲵపῶ࡟ᑐࡍࡿᶵ㐠ࡢ㧗ࡲࡾ࠿ࡽࠊሷ⣲ࢆྵࡲ࡞࠸㧗άᛶゐ፹ࡢ㛤Ⓨࡀᮃࡲࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞⫼ᬒࢆ㋃ࡲ࠼➹⪅ࡽࡣࣃࣛࢪ࣒࢘࢝ࣝ࣎࢟ࢩ࣮ࣛࢺ㘒యࢆゐ፹࡟㑅ᐃࡋࠊᆒ୍⣔㓟໬཯ᛂࢆ฼⏝ࡋࡓ Wacker ᆺ཯ᛂࡢ㛤Ⓨ࡟ྲྀࡾ⤌ࢇ࡛࠸ࡿ[3㹼5]ࠋࡋ࠿
ࡋ࡞ࡀࡽࠊሷ໬ࣃࣛࢪ࣒࢘ゐ፹࡟ẚ㍑ࡍࡿ࡜⥲ࡌ࡚ヱゐ፹ࡢάᛶࡣపࡃࠊࡲࡓᑑ࿨ࡶ▷࠸ࡇ࡜࠿ࡽ௒ᚋ᭦࡞ࡿᛶ⬟ྥୖࡀᚲ㡲࡛࠶ࡾࠊࡇࢀࡲ࡛ゎ᫂ࡀ୙༑ศ࠿ࡘᅔ㞴࡛࠶ࡗࡓ᭷ᶵ⁐ᾮ୰࡟࠾ࡅࡿゐ፹࣭ຓゐ፹ࡢ≧ែཬࡧࡑࡢᣲື✲᫂ࢆ┠ⓗ࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊSPring-8 ⏘ᴗ฼⏝ II ࣅ࣮࣒ࣛ࢖ࣥ BL14B2ࢆά⏝ࡋࡓࣃࣛࢪ࣒࢘࡜㖡ࡢ XAFS ᐃࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋᐇ㦂㸸㓑㓟ࣈࢳࣝ⁐፹୰࡟࠾ࡅࡿࣃࣛࢪ࣒࢘㖡1̺࢜ࢡࢸࣥࡢ≧ែ࡜┦஫స⏝ࢆ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟ࡍࡿࡓࡵ
[1~2]ࠊ⾲ 1 ࡟♧ࡍヨᩱ⁐ᾮࡢࣃࣛࢪ࣒࢘࡜㖡ࡢ XAFS ᐃࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋ1.⾲ 1.ヨᩱヨᩱABCDE⁐ᾮ⁐ᾮ㓟⣲䜢༑ศ䛻⁐Ꮡ䛥䛫䛯㓑㓟䝤䝏䝹⁐ᾮ䛻䝖䝸䝣䝹䜸䝻㓑㓟䝟䝷䝆䜴䝮䠄⃰ᗘ䠖⣙1000ppm㻕䜢⁐ゎ䛥䛫䛯㓟⣲䜢༑ศ䛻⁐Ꮡ䛥䛫䛯㓑㓟䝤䝏䝹⁐ᾮ䛻䝖䝸䝣䝹䜸䝻㓑㓟䝟䝷䝆䜴䝮䠄⃰ᗘ䠖⣙ 1000ppm㻕 䜢⁐ゎ䛥䛫䛯⁐ᾮ⁐ᾮ
ヨᩱA䛻㻝㻙䜸䜽䝔䞁䜢ῧຍ䛧䛯⁐ᾮ
ヨᩱ A䛻 㻝㻙䜸䜽䝔䞁䜢ῧຍ䛧䛯⁐ᾮ
ヨᩱA䛻䝖䝸䝣䝹䜸䝻㓑㓟㖡䠄⃰ᗘ䠖⣙1000ppm㻕䜢ῧຍ䛧䛯⁐ᾮ
ヨᩱ A䛻䝖䝸䝣䝹䜸䝻㓑㓟㖡䠄⃰ᗘ䠖⣙ 1000ppm 㻕䜢ῧຍ䛧䛯⁐ᾮ
ヨᩱA䛻㻝㻙䜸䜽䝔䞁䛸䝖䝸䝣䝹䜸䝻㓑㓟㖡䠄⃰ᗘ䠖⣙1000ppm㻕䜢ῧຍ䛧䛯⁐ᾮ
ヨᩱ A䛻 㻝㻙䜸䜽䝔䞁䛸䝖䝸䝣䝹䜸䝻㓑㓟㖡䠄⃰ᗘ䠖⣙ 1000ppm 㻕䜢ῧຍ䛧䛯⁐ᾮ

FG㓟⣲䜢༑ศ䛻⁐Ꮡ䛥䛫䛯㓑㓟䝤䝏䝹⁐ᾮ䛻䝖䝸䝣䝹䜸䝻㓑㓟㖡䠄⃰ᗘ䠖⣙1000ppm㻕䜢⁐ゎ䛥䛫䛯⁐ᾮ㓟⣲䜢༑ศ䛻⁐Ꮡ䛥䛫䛯㓑㓟䝤䝏䝹⁐ᾮ䛻䝖䝸䝣䝹䜸䝻㓑㓟㖡䠄⃰ᗘ䠖⣙ 1000ppm 㻕䜢⁐ゎ䛥䛫䛯⁐ᾮヨᩱE䛻䝖䝸䝣䝹䜸䝻㓑㓟䝟䝷䝆䜴䝮䠄⃰ᗘ䠖⣙1000ppm㻕䜢ῧຍ䛧䛯⁐ᾮヨᩱ E䛻䝖䝸䝣䝹䜸䝻㓑㓟䝟䝷䝆䜴䝮䠄⃰ᗘ䠖⣙ 1000ppm 㻕䜢ῧຍ䛧䛯⁐ᾮヨᩱE䛻㻝㻙䜸䜽䝔䞁䜢ῧຍ䛧䛯⁐ᾮヨᩱ E䛻 㻝㻙䜸䜽䝔䞁䜢ῧຍ䛧䛯⁐ᾮHヨᩱE䛻㻝㻙䜸䜽䝔䞁䛸䝖䝸䝣䝹䜸䝻㓑㓟䝟䝷䝆䜴䝮䠄⃰ᗘ䠖⣙㻝㻜㻜㻜㼜㼜㼙㻕䜢ῧຍ䛧䛯⁐ᾮヨᩱ E䛻 㻝㻙䜸䜽䝔䞁䛸䝖䝸䝣䝹䜸䝻㓑㓟䝟䝷䝆䜴䝮䠄⃰ᗘ䠖⣙ 㻝㻜㻜㻜㼜㼜㼙㻕䜢ῧຍ䛧䛯⁐ᾮ ࡲࡓࠊ࣓ࢳࣞࣥࣛࢡࢺࣥྜᡂ཯ᛂ࡟࠾ࡅࡿࣃࣛࢪ࣒࢘ࡢ≧ែࢆ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟ࡍࡿࡓࡵ[3㹼5]ࠊḟࡢࡼ࠺࡞ᐇ㦂ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋ1 L ࢭࣃࣛࣈࣝࣇࣛࢫࢥ㻔ᅄࡘཱྀ㻕࡟ࢺࣜࣇࣝ࢜ࣟ㓑㓟ࣃࣛࢪ࣒࢘㻔6 mmol㻕ࠊࢫࢸ࢔ࣜࣥ㓟㖡㻔24 mmol㻕ࠊࢺ࢚ࣝࣥ㻔450 mL㻕ࠊ1̺࢜ࢡࢸࣥ㻔900 mmol㻕ࢆຍ࠼ࠊ㓟⣲ࢆᾮ୰࡟྿ࡁ㎸ࡳ࡞ࡀࡽ 90 Υ࡟ຍ⇕ࡋࠊ⥆࠸࡚࢔ࢡࣜࣝ㓟㻔150 mmol㻕ࢆຍ࠼࡚࣓ࢳࣝࣛࢡࢺࣥྜᡂ཯ᛂࢆ㛤ጞࡋࡓࠋ཯ᛂ㛤ጞᚋ 30 ศࡈ࡜࡟࢔ࢡࣜࣝ㓟㻔150 mmol㻕ཬࡧ 1̺࢜ࢡࢸࣥ㻔165 mmol㻕ࢆῧຍࡍࡿ᧯సࢆ 3᫬㛫⾜࠸ࠊඹἛ࡟ࡼࡾỈࢆ㝖ཤࡋ࡞ࡀࡽ 24 ᫬㛫཯ᛂࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋ཯ᛂ᫬㛫 0, 2, 24 ᫬㛫࡟ࢧࣥࣉࣜ
ࣥࢢࡋࡓ཯ᛂᾮࢆࡑࢀࡒࢀヨᩱ I, J, K ࡜ࡋࠊヨᩱ୰ࡢࣃࣛࢪ࣒࢘ࡢ XAFS ᐃࢆᐇ᪋ࡋࡓࠋ⤖ᯝ࡜⪃ᐹ㸸  
ᅗ 1 ࡜ᅗ 2 ࡟ヨᩱ A, B, C, D ࡢ Pd K Ẇ྾཰➃ XANES ࡜ FT-EXAFS ࢫ࣌ࢡࢺࣝࢆࡑࢀࡒࢀ♧ࡋࡓࠋヨᩱ A ࡟ 1̺࢜ࢡࢸࣥࢆῧຍࡋࡓヨᩱ B ࡢ Pd K Ẇ྾཰➃ࡢ఩⨨ࡣࠊヨᩱ A ࡼࡾప࢚ࢿࣝࢠ
࣮ഃ࡟ኚ໬ࡋࠊࡲࡓ FT-EXAFS ࡢ࣮࢝ࣈࣇ࢕ࢵࢸ࢖ࣥࢢ࠿ࡽ⟬ฟࡋࡓ Pd-O ⤖ྜࡢᖹᆒ㓄఩ᩘࡣࠊ2.6 ࠿ࡽ 1.4 ࡬࡜పῶࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀศ࠿ࡗࡓࠋࡇࢀࡣࣃࣛࢪ࣒࢘࡟ᑐࡋ࡚ 1̺࢜ࢡࢸࣥࡀ㓄఩ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡾࠊࢺࣜࣇࣝ࢜ࣟ㓑㓟㓄఩Ꮚࡢ୍㒊ࡀ㛤⿣ࡋࡓ≧ែࢆほ ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡶࡢ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋࡲ
ࡓࠊPd K Ẇ྾཰➃ࡢ఩⨨ࡀప࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ഃ࡟ኚ໬ࡋࡓ XANES ࢫ࣌ࢡࢺࣝࢆࣃࢱ࣮ࣥࣇ࢕ࢵࢸ࢖
ࣥࢢࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡾ⟬ฟࡋࡓࣃࣛࢪ࣒࢘ࡢᖹᆒ౯ᩘࡣ 1.4 ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋḟ࡟ࠊヨᩱ C ࡢ XANES ࡜
FT-EXAFS ࢫ࣌ࢡࢺࣝࡣඹ࡟ヨᩱ A ࡢࡑࢀࡽ࡜ኚ໬ࡣぢࡽࢀ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࡀࠊヨᩱ D ࡢ Pd K Ẇ྾཰➃ࡢ఩⨨ࡣヨᩱ B ࡼࡾ㧗࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ഃ࡟ኚ໬ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ᫂ࡽ࠿࡜࡞ࡗࡓࠋヨᩱ D ࡢ XANES ࢫ࣌ࢡࢺࣝࢆࣃࢱ࣮ࣥࣇ࢕ࢵࢸ࢖ࣥࢢࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡾ⟬ฟࡋࡓ Pd ࡢᖹᆒ౯ᩘࡣ 1.6 ࡛࠶ࡾࠊࣃࣛࢪ࣒࢘ࡢ㖡࡟ࡼࡿ෌㓟໬ࡢ⌧㇟ࢆ XAFS ࡟ࡼࡾᤊ࠼ࡿࡇ࡜࡟ᡂຌࡋࡓࠋ
101C9

1.2

A

8

DI FT I of k 3 F(k) / Å -4

Normalized Absorption

1.4

B

0.8

CA

0.6
0.4

76B

5

D4320.2

10024360

24370

24380

24390

24400

0123456R/䊅

Photone Energy/eVᅗ 1㸬 Pd K Ẇ྾཰➃ XANES ࢫ࣌ࢡࢺࣝᅗ 2㸬 Pd K Ẇ྾཰➃ FT-EXAFS ࢫ࣌ࢡࢺࣝ ࡲࡓࠊᅗ 3 ࡜ᅗ 4 ࡟ヨᩱ E, F, G, H ࡢ Cu K ྾཰➃ XANES ࡜ FT-EXAFS ࢫ࣌ࢡࢺࣝࢆࡑࢀࡒࢀ
♧ࡋࡓࠋヨᩱ E, F, G ࡢࢫ࣌ࢡࢺࣝ࡟ࡣ඲ࡃኚ໬ࡀぢࡽࢀ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࠋ୍᪉ࠊࢺࣜࣇࣝ࢜ࣟ㓑㓟ࣃࣛࢪ࣒࢘ཬࡧ 1̺࢜ࢡࢸࣥࢆඹ࡟ῧຍࡋࡓヨᩱ H ࡢሙྜ࡟ࡣࠊCu K Ẇ྾཰➃ࡢ఩⨨ࡀప࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ഃ࡟ኚ໬ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀศ࠿ࡾࠊࢺࣜࣇࣝ࢜ࣟ㓑㓟㖡ࡣ 1̺࢜ࢡࢸࣥࡀࢺࣜࣇࣝ࢜ࣟ㓑㓟ࣃࣛࢪ࣒࢘࡟㓄఩ࡋࡓ㘒య࡟ᑐࡋ࡚ࡢࡳ┦஫స⏝ࢆᣢࡘࡇ࡜ࡀ᫂ࡽ࠿࡜࡞ࡗࡓࠋ௨ୖࡢࡇ࡜࠿ࡽࠊ⁐ᾮ୰࡟࠾ࡅࡿࣃࣛࢪ࣒࢘/㖡/࢔ࣝࢣࣥ㛫ࡢ┦஫స⏝ཬࡧ㔠ᒓ౯ᩘࡢኚ໬ࢆୡ⏺࡛ึࡵ࡚ XAFS ࡟ࡼࡾ┤᥋ほ ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟ᡂຌࡋࡓࠋ

8

1.6

7E, F, G

1.4

I FT I of k 3 F(k) / Å -4

Normalized Absorption

1.8

1.2
10.8

H0.6

54320.2

189808990

90009010

H60.408970

E, F, G

09020

0123456R/䊅

Photone Energy/eVᅗ 4㸬Cu K Ẇ྾཰➃ FT-EXAFS ࢫ࣌ࢡࢺࣝ

ᅗ 3㸬Cu K Ẇ྾཰➃ XANES ࢫ࣌ࢡࢺࣝ

ḟ࡟ࠊᅗ 5 ࡜ᅗ 6 ࡟࣓ࢳࣞࣥࣛࢡࢺࣥྜᡂ཯ᛂࡢྛ཯ᛂ᫬㛫࡟࠾ࡅࡿヨᩱ IࠊJࠊK㸦I㸸0 ᫬㛫ࠊJ㸸2 ᫬㛫ࠊK㸸24 ᫬㛫㸧࠾ࡼࡧ 1, 3̺ࣅࢫ 2, 6̺ࢪ࢖ࢯࣉࣟࣆࣝࣇ࢙ࢽࣝ ࢖࣑ࢲࢰ࣮̺ࣝ2̺࢖
ࣜࢹࣥ 1, 4̺ࢼࣇࢺ࢟ࣀࣥ ࣃࣛࢪ࣒࢘ࢲ࢖࣐࣮㘒య ᅗ୰ L㸸ཧ↷໬ྜ≀ 㻔ᅗ 7㻕ࡢ Pd K Ẇ྾཰➃ XANES ࡜ FT-EXAFS ࢫ࣌ࢡࢺࣝࢆࡑࢀࡒࢀ♧ࡋࡓࠋヨᩱ IࠊJࠊK ࡢࢫ࣌ࢡࢺࣝ࠿ࡽ཯ᛂ㛤ጞ
࡜ඹ࡟ Pd K Ẇ྾཰➃ࡢ఩⨨ࡀప࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ഃ࡟ኚ໬ࡋࡓࡀࠊࡑࢀ௨ᚋ཯ᛂ᫬㛫࡟ࡼࡽࡎ᭷ព࡞ᕪࡣぢࡽࢀ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࠋࡇࡢ XANES ࢫ࣌ࢡࢺࣝࢆࣃࢱ࣮ࣥࣇ࢕ࢵࢸ࢖ࣥࢢࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡾ⟬ฟࡋࡓࣃࣛࢪ࣒࢘ࡢᖹᆒ౯ᩘࡣ 1.2 ࡛࠶ࡾࠊ཯ᛂࢆ㏻ࡌ୍࡚ᐃ࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀุ᫂ࡋࡓࠋࡲࡓ཯ᛂᾮ୰ࡢࣃࣛࢪ࣒࢘ࡣࠊཧ↷໬ྜ≀ࡢ XANES ࠾ࡼࡧ FT-EXAFS ࢫ࣌ࢡࢺࣝ㻔L㻕࡜୍⮴ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ᫂ࡽ࠿࡜࡞ࡗࡓࠋ཯ᛂࡣ⌧ᅾࡢ࡜ࡇࢁࠊ࢔ࣝࢣࣥࡢࣃࣛࢪ࣒࢘࡬ࡢ㓄఩࡟⥆࠸࡚࢔ࢡࣜࣝ㓟࡟ࡼࡿ࢜࢟ࢩࣂࣛࢹ࣮ࢩࣙࣥࡀ㉳ࡇࡾࠊᤄධ཯ᛂཬࡧ ȕ-Ỉ⣲⬺㞳཯ᛂࡀ㐍⾜ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡾࠊ┠ⓗ⏕ᡂ≀࡛࠶ࡿ࣓ࢳࣞࣥࣛࢡࢺࣥࡀᚓࡽࢀࡿࡶࡢ࡜⪃࠼࡚࠸ࡿࠋᮏ⤖ᯝࡣࠊ⣔୰࡟࠾ࡅࡿࣃࣛࢪ࣒̺࢘Ⅳ⣲⤖ྜཬࡧࣃࣛࢪ࣒࢘࡬ࡢ Į㸪ȕ㸫୙㣬࿴໬ྜ≀ࡢ㓄఩⤖ྜࡢᏑᅾࢆ♧ࡍ࡜ඹ࡟ࠊ᥎ᐃ཯ᛂᶵᵓ࡜ࡶ▩┪ࡋ࡞࠸ࠋ

8J

17K

I FT I of k 3 F(k) / Å-4

Normalized Absorption

1.2

L0.8
0.6

I

0.4

J65K4I

3L
20.2024360

1024370

24380

24390

        Photone   Energy/eV     
ᅗ 5㸬Pd K Ẇ྾཰➃ XANES ࢫ࣌ࢡࢺࣝ

24400

012

345R/䊅

ᅗ 6㸬Pd K Ẇ྾཰➃ FT-EXAFS ࢫ࣌ࢡࢺࣝ6OArNPdNArArONPdONArOᅗ 7㸬ࣃࣛࢪ࣒࢘ ࢲ࢖࣐࣮㘒య௒ᚋࡢㄢ㢟㸸௒ᅇᚓࡽࢀࡓ XAFS ᐃࡢ⤖ᯝ࡜ඹ࡟ࠊ௚ࡢศᯒ࡟㧗άᛶ࡞ゐ፹ࡢタィࢆ⾜࠺ࡇ࡜ࡀㄢ㢟࡛࠶ࡿࠋᐃ㻔MS/NMR ➼㻕ࡢ⤖ᯝࡶ↷ࡽࡋྜࢃࡏࠊ᭦ㅰ㎡㸸  XAFS ᐃཬࡧࡑࡢゎᯒࢆ⾜࠺࡟࠶ࡓࡾࠊከ኱࡞ᚚຓゝࢆ㡬ࡁࡲࡋࡓ⏣୰ᗤ⿱ᩍᤵ㻔ி㒔኱Ꮫ኱Ꮫ㝔ᕤᏛ◊✲⛉ศᏊᕤᏛᑓᨷ㻕࡟ཌࡃᚚ♩⏦ࡋୖࡆࡲࡍࠋཧ⪃ᩥ⊩㸸 [1] Tsuji, J. Palladium Reagents and Catalysts; John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.: Chichester, U.K., 2004.
[2] Negishi, E., Eds. Handbook of Organopalladium Chemistry for Organic Synthesis; iley-Interscience:
New York, 2002.
[3] ⡿ཎ ᏹྖ WO2008/023823.
[4] ሯᓥ ளᕼ, 㰺⸨ ࿘, ⡿ཎ ᏹྖ, ▼⏣ ▱ྐ, 㮛 ୍㞝 ≉㛤 2009-209135.
[5] 㰺⸨ ࿘, ㉥ሯ ጾኵ, ሯᓥ ளᕼ, ⡿ཎ ᏹྖ ≉㛤 2009-209136.