    BL40B2

2011A1715

ᑠゅ X ⥺ᩓ஘࡟ࡼࡿ▼㮯㸫࢘࢕ࣝࢫ㛫ࡢ┦஫స⏝ࡢ◊✲
Study on Soap-Virus Interaction with Small-Angle X-ray Scattering⛅ⴥ ຬ, 㓇ໝ ᜨ, ᮧୖ ៅ୍, Ḉ஭ ࿴ᮁIsamu Akiba, Megumi Sakou, Shinichi Murakami, and Kazuo Sakurai໭஑ᕞᕷ❧኱ᏛThe University of Kitakyushuᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣࠊ㧗⣭⬡⫫㓟ሷ࡜࢘࢕ࣝࢫ⏤᮶ࢱࣥࣃࢡ㛫ࡢⓎ⇕┦஫స⏝࡟ࡼࡾᙧᡂࡉࢀࡿ」ྜయ
ࡢᙧᡂ㐣⛬ࢆࠊ᫬ศ๭ᑠゅࠊᗈゅ X ⥺ᩓ஘ἲ࡟ࡼࡾ㏣㊧ࡋࠊࡑࡢᶵᵓ࡟ࡘ࠸᳨࡚ウࡋࡓࠋ᫬ศ๭
ᑠゅ X ⥺ᩓ஘࠿ࡽࠊ▼ࡅࢇ㸫ࢱࣥࣃࢡࡢ」ྜయᙧᡂࡣᴟࡵ࡚㏿ࡃ⾜ࢃࢀࡿࡇ࡜ࡀぢฟࡉࢀࡓࠋ୍᪉ࠊ」ྜయෆ࡟࠾࠸࡚ᴟࡵ࡚⦆ࡸ࠿࡟⬡⫫㓟࢔ࣝ࢟ࣝ㙐ࡢ⤖ᬗ໬ࡀ㐍⾜ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࢆぢฟࡋࡓࠋ࣮࣮࢟࣡ࢻ㸸 ▼㮯ࠊ࢘࢕ࣝࢫࠊ᫬ศ๭ X ⥺ᩓ஘⫼ᬒ࡜◊✲┠ⓗ㸸㏆ᖺࡢ᪂ᆺ࢖ࣥࣇ࢚ࣝࣥࢨࡢὶ⾜ࡢࡼ࠺࡟ࠊឤᰁᛶ࢘࢕ࣝࢫ࡟ࡼࡿ೺ᗣ⿕ᐖࡀ♫఍ⓗၥ㢟࡜࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞ឤᰁ⑕ᑐ⟇࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊ࢔ࣝࢥ࣮ࣝᾘẘᾮ࡞࡝ࡢ໬Ꮫ⸆ရࢆ⏝࠸ࡓឤᰁ⑕ᑐ⟇〇ရࡀከࡃᕷሙ࡟ฟ࡚࠸ࡿ[1]ࠋࡋ࠿ࡋࠊ໬Ꮫ⸆ရࢆ⏝࠸ࡓឤᰁ⑕ᑐ⟇〇ရࡣࠊ⧞㏉ࡋ౑⏝࡟ࡼࡿᡭⲨࢀࢆᘬࡁ㉳ࡇࡋࠊࡼࡾᙉ࠸⸆ရࢆ౑࠺ሙྜ࡟ࡣࠊ┤᥋⓶⭵࡟᥋ゐࡉࡏ࡚࢘࢕ࣝࢫࡢ୙άᛶ໬ࢆ⾜࠺ࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁ࡞࠸ࡓࡵࠊ༑ศ࡞ឤᰁ㜵Ṇຠᯝࡀᮇᚅ࡛ࡁ࡞࠸ࠋࡇࢀࡽࡢၥ㢟ࢆゎỴࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࠊᮏ⏦ㄳㄢ㢟࡛ࡣࠊᡭⲨࢀࢆᘬࡁ㉳ࡇࡉ࡞࠸ኳ↛Ἔ⬡⏤᮶ࡢ⬡⫫㓟ሷ࠿ࡽ࡞ࡿ▼ࡅࢇ࡟╔┠ࡋࠊᢠ࢖ࣥࣇ࢚ࣝࣥࢨ࢘࢕ࣝࢫάᛶࡀ㧗ࡃࠊᡭⲨࢀ➼ࠊேయ࡟ᑐࡋ࡚๪ḟⓗ࡞⿕ᐖࢆᘬࡁ㉳ࡇࡍࡇ࡜ࡢ࡞࠸▼ࡅࢇ〇ရࢆ㛤Ⓨࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟ᚲせ࡜࡞ࡿࠊ▼ࡅࢇ࡜࢖ࣥࣇ࢚ࣝࣥࢨ࢘࢕ࣝࢫ⏤᮶ࢱࣥࣃࢡࡢ┦஫స⏝࠾ࡼࡧศᏊ㞟ྜయᵓ㐀ࡢኚ໬࠾ࡼࡧࡑࡢ࣓࢝ࢽࢬ࣒ࢆ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ┠ⓗ࡜ࡍࡿࠋᐇ㦂㸸ヨᩱ ࢘࢕ࣝࢫ⏤᮶ࢱࣥࣃࢡヨᩱ㻔VP㻕࡟ࡣࠊࢺࣜ࢖ࣥࣇ࢚ࣝࣥࢨ࢘࢕ࣝࢫ⏤᮶ࡢࢱࣥࣃࢡࢆ⏝࠸ࠊࡇࢀࢆࣜࣥ㓟⦆⾪⁐ᾮ࡟ศᩓࡉࡏࡓ⁐ᾮࢆᐇ㦂࡟⏝࠸ࡓࠋ▼ࡅࢇヨᩱ࡟ࡣࠊⅣ⣲ᩘ 14 ࡢ㣬࿴⬡⫫㓟࣒࢝ࣜ࢘ሷ㻔C14㻕ࢆ⏝࠸ࡓࠋC14 ࢆᡤᐃࡢ⃰ᗘ࡛࢖࢜ࣥ஺᥮Ỉ࡟ศᩓࡉࡏࠊᐇ㦂࡟⏝࠸ࡓࠋ᫬ศ๭ X ⥺ᩓ஘ ᐃ VP ࡜ C14 ࢆΰྜࡋࠊΰྜ┤ᚋ࠿ࡽࡢ X ⥺ᩓ஘ࡢ᫬ศ๭ ᐃࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋᐃࡣࠊSPring-8 ࡢ BL40B2 ࡟࡚ࠊἼ㛗 1.0ύࠊ᳨ฟჾ II-CCDࠊ࣓࢝ࣛ㛗 1.5 mࠊ0.35 m ࡟࡚⾜ࡗࡓࠋ௨㝆ࠊ࣓࢝ࣛ㛗 1.5 m ࡛ࡢᐇ㦂ࢆᑠゅ X ⥺ᩓ஘㻔SAXS㻕ࠊ࣓࢝ࣛ㛗 0.35 m ࡛ࡢᐇ㦂ࢆᗈゅ X ⥺ᩓ஘㻔WAXS㻕࡜ࡍࡿࠋ⤖ᯝ࠾ࡼࡧ⪃ᐹ㸸
ᅗ 1 ࡟ C14 ࡜ VP ࢆΰྜࡋࡓ┤ᚋ࠿ࡽ ᐃࡋࡓ᫬ศ๭ WAXS ࡢ⤖ᯝࢆ♧ࡍࠋq=4.7 nm-1 ࡟ぢࡽࢀࡿࣆ࣮ࢡࡣ C14-VP ΰྜ⣔≉᭷ࡢࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡾࠊC14 ࠾ࡼࡧ VP ༢⊂ࡲࡓࡣࢻࢹࢩࣝ◲㓟ࢼࢺ࣒ࣜ࢘࡞࡝ࠊᕷ㈍ࡢࣁࣥࢻࢯ࣮ࣉ➼࡛Ⰻࡃ⏝࠸ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ௚ࡢ⬡㉁࡜ VP ࡢΰྜ⣔࡛ࡣほᐹࡉࢀ࡞࠸ࠋ
ࡇࡢࡇ࡜࠿ࡽࠊC14 ࡜ VP ࡀ」ྜయࢆᙧᡂࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ♧၀ࡉࢀࡿࠋࡇࡢࣆ࣮ࢡࡣ C14 ࡜ VPࢆྵࡲ࡞࠸ PBS ⦆⾪ᾮࢆΰྜࡋࡓ㝿࡟⏕ࡌࡿሷᯒ࡟ࡼࡾ⏕ࡌࡿ⬡㉁ࡢ⤖ᬗ⏤᮶ࡢࣆ࣮ࢡࡼࡾࡸࡸపゅഃ࡟⌧ࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡀࠊẚ㍑ⓗ㏆࠸㡿ᇦ࡟ฟ⌧ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜࠿ࡽࠊ」ྜయ୰࡛ࡢ⬡㉁ࡢ⤖ᬗ໬࡟ࡼࡿࡶࡢ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ୍⯡࡟ࠊ⏺㠃άᛶ๣࡟ࡼࡿ࢘࢕ࣝࢫࡢ୙άᛶ໬ࡣࠊ⬡㉁ࡢ␯Ỉᇶ࡜ࡢ␯Ỉᛶ┦஫స⏝࡟ࡼࡿ࢚࣮ࣥ࣋ࣟࣉࡢ⼥ゎ࡟࠶ࡿ࡜ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡀࠊWAXS ࡢ⤖ᯝ࠿ࡽࠊ㧗⣭⬡⫫㓟ࡢሙྜࡣࠊࡇࢀ࡜ࡣ␗࡞ࡿ࣓࢝ࢽࢬ࣒࡛୙άᛶ໬ࡀ㐍⾜ࡍࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ
ᅗ 2 ࡟ࡇࡢ WAXS ࣆ࣮ࢡࡢ᫬㛫ኚ໬ࢆ♧ࡍࠋẚ㍑࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊྠᅗ࡟ሷᯒࡼࡿ C14 ࡢ⤖ᬗ໬ࢆ♧ࡍࠋሷᯒ࡛ࡣᴟࡵ࡚㏿ࡃ⬡㉁ࡢ⤖ᬗ໬ࡀ㐍⾜ࡍࡿࡀࠊC14-VP ΰྜ⣔࡛ࡣΰྜᚋ 2 ᫬㛫ࡲ࡛ࡣ⦆ࡸ࠿࡟
⤖ᬗ໬ࡀ㐍⾜ࡋࠊࡑࡢᚋᛴ⃭࡟㏿ࡃ࡞ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀศ࠿ࡗࡓࠋࡇࡢࣆ࣮ࢡࡢ᫬㛫ኚ໬ࡣ C14 ࡜ VP ࡢỈ⁐ᾮࢆΰྜࡋࡓࡢࡕࠊⓑ⃮ࡋ࡚࠸ࡃ㐣⛬ࢆ┠どほᐹࡋࡓ⤖ᯝ࡜ࡁࢃࡵ࡚ࡼࡃᑐᛂࡋ࡚࠾ࡾࠊ┠I (Count)

ど࡛ぢࡽࢀࡓ≧ែࡢኚ໬ࡀࠊ࢔ࣝ࢟ࣝ㙐ࡢ⤖ᬗ໬࡟ࡼࡿ」ྜయࡢᯒฟ㐣⛬ࢆ࡜ࡽ࠼࡚࠸ࡓ࡜⪃࠼ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࠋࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞⬡㉁࢔ࣝ࢟ࣝ㙐ࡢ⤖ᬗ໬㏿ᗘࡢ኱ᖜ࡞㐜ᘏࡣࠊඛ࡟」ྜయࡀᙧᡂࡉ
ࢀࠊࡑࡢෆ㒊࡛✵㛫ⓗ࡞ไ⣙ࢆཷࡅ࡞ࡀࡽ⤖ᬗ໬ࡀ㐍⾜ࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟⏕ࡌࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋVP ⢏Ꮚ࠾ࡼࡧ C14 ࣑ࢭࣝࡢࢧ࢖ࢬࡸᵓ㐀࡟㛵ࡍࡿ᝟ሗࡣࡼࡾᑠゅഃ࡟⌧ࢀࡿࡇ࡜࠿ࡽࠊḟ࡟ SAXS ࡟ࡼࡾ」ྜయࡢᙧᡂ࡟ࡘ࠸᳨࡚ウࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋᅗ 1. C14-VP ⣔ࡢ᫬ศ๭ WAXS      ᐃ⤖ᯝ   ᅗ 2. ᫬ศ๭ WAXS ࡛ᚓࡽࢀࡓࣆ࣮ࢡࡢᙉᗘኚ໬

ᅗ 3 ࡟ C14-VP ࡢΰྜ┤ᚋ࠿ࡽࡢ SAXSࣉࣟࣇ࢓࢖ࣝࡢኚ໬ࢆ♧ࡍࠋq=1㹼2 nm-1
࡟ぢࡽࢀࡿࣈ࣮ࣟࢻ࡞ᴟ኱ࡣ C14 ࣑ࢭࣝ࡟⏤᮶ࡍࡿᩓ஘࡛࠶ࡿࠋΰྜ┤ᚋࡣ C14 ࣑ࢭࣝ࠿ࡽࡢᩓ஘ࡢࡳࡀほᐹࡉࢀࡿࡀࠊΰྜ࠿
ࡽ 10 ⛊⤒㐣ᚋ࡟ q=1.8 nm-1 ࡟ࣆ࣮ࢡࡀฟ⌧ࡋࠊ᫬㛫ࡢ⤒㐣࡜࡜ࡶ࡟ࡑࡢࣆ࣮ࢡࡀቑ኱
ࡋ࡚࠸ࡃࡇ࡜ࡀศ࠿ࡗࡓࠋࡇࡢࣆ࣮ࢡࡣ
C14 ࡸ VP ࡢ༢⊂Ỉ⁐ᾮ࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣ௚ࡢ⬡㉁
࡜ VP ࡢΰྜ⣔࡟ࡣ඲ࡃぢࡽࢀ࡞࠸ࡇ࡜࠿
ࡽࠊWAXS ࡢሙྜ࡜ྠᵝࠊC14-VP 」ྜయ
ࡢᙧᡂ࡟⏤᮶ࡍࡿࣆ࣮ࢡ࡛࠶ࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋࡇࡢࣆ࣮ࢡᙉᗘࡢ᫬㛫ኚ໬ࢆᅗ 4 ࡟♧
ࡍࠋSAXS ࡛ぢࡽࢀࡓ」ྜయᙧᡂ࡟⏤᮶ࡍࡿࣆ࣮ࢡࡢᙉᗘࡣࠊ10 ⛊⛬ᗘ࡛࡯ࡰ᭱኱ᙉ
ᗘ࡟฿㐩ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀࢃ࠿ࡿࠋࡇࢀࡣࠊWAXS ࡛ぢࡽࢀࡓ」ྜయ⏤᮶ࡢࣆ࣮ࢡᙉᗘ
ࡢኚ໬࡜ẚ㍑ࡋ࡚ᴟࡵ࡚㏿࠸ࠋ௨๓࡟⾜ࡗࡓࠊΰྜ⇕ ᐃ࡛ࡣࠊΰྜ┤ᚋ࠿ࡽᩘ⛊⛬࡛ࡢⓎ⇕┦஫స⏝࡟ࡼࡿ C14-VP 」ྜయࡢᙧᡂࢆほᐹࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ[2]ࠋC14㸫VP 㛫ࡢⓎ⇕┦஫స⏝ࡣࠊࡇࡢ SAXS ࡛ぢࡽࢀࡿ」ྜయ
ࡢᙧᡂ㐣⛬࡟ᑐᛂࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ
ࡇࡢࡇ࡜࠿ࡽࠊΰྜᚋࠊᴟࡵ࡚㏿ࡃᘬຊ┦ᅗ 3. C14-VP ΰྜ⣔ࡢΰྜ┤ᚋ࠿ࡽࡢ SAXS஫స⏝࡟ࡼࡾ C14 ࡜ VP ࡣ」ྜయࢆᙧᡂࡋࠊ
ࣉࣟࣇ࢓࢖ࣝࡢ᫬㛫ኚ໬ࡑࡢᚋࠊ⦆ࡸ࠿࡟ C14 ࡢ࢔ࣝ࢟ࣝ㙐ࡢ⤖ᬗ໬ࡀ㐍⾜ࡋ࡚࠸ࡃ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋࡇࡢࡇ࡜࠿ࡽࠊ㧗⣭⬡⫫㓟ሷࢆ⏝࠸ࡓሙྜࠊ௚ࡢ⏺㠃άᛶ๣࡜ࡣ␗࡞ࡿ࣓࢝ࢽࢬ࣒࡛࢘࢕ࣝࢫࡢ୙άᛶ໬ࡀ㐍⾜ࡍࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊ୍⯡ⓗ࡞␯Ỉᛶ┦஫స⏝࡟ࡼࡿ࢘࢕ࣝࢫ୙άᛶ໬ࡣࠊẚ㍑ⓗ㐜࠸࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࡀࠊᮏ◊✲࡛ぢฟࡉࢀࡓⓎ⇕┦஫స⏝࡟ࡼࡿ⬡㉁࡜ VP ࡢ」ྜయᙧᡂࡣᴟࡵ࡚㏿ࡃ⏕ࡌࡿࡇ࡜࠿ࡽࠊᚑ᮶ࡼࡾࡶ᱁ẁ࡟㏿ࡃ࢘࢕ࣝࢫࡢ୙άᛶ໬ࡀ㐩ᡂࡉࢀࡿ࡜ᮇᚅ࡛ࡁࡿࠋ

ᅗ 4. SAXS ࡛ぢࡽࢀࡓ」ྜయᙧᡂ࡟⏤᮶ࡍࡿࣆ࣮ࢡࡢ᫬㛫ኚ໬௒ᚋࡢㄢ㢟㸸௒ᅇࡢ◊✲࠿ࡽࠊ㧗⣭⬡⫫㓟࡜࢖ࣥࣇ࢚ࣝࣥࢨ࢘࢕ࣝࢫ࡜ࡢ┦஫స⏝ࡣ௚ࡢ⏺㠃άᛶ๣࡜ࡣ኱ࡁࡃ␗࡞ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆぢฟࡋࡓࠋࡋ࠿ࡋࠊࡇࡢ㐪࠸ࡀ࢖ࣥࣇ࢚ࣝࣥࢨ࢘࢕ࣝࢫࡢ୙άᛶ໬࡟࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡟㛵ಀࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࠿࡜࠸࠺Ⅼ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊ࠸ࡲࡔ୙᫂࡞㒊ศࡀከ࠸ࠋࡇࡢⅬࢆゎ᫂ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀࡼࡾ
㧗ᛶ⬟࡞▼ࡅࢇࡢ㛤Ⓨ࡟ࡣᚲせ୙ྍḞ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊᮏ◊✲࡛ぢฟࡉࢀࡓ┦஫స⏝ࡣࠊ࢖ࣥࣇ࢚ࣝࣥࢨ࢘࢕ࣝࢫࡢࡼ࠺࡞࢚ࣦ࢙࣮ࣥࣟࣉ࢘࢕ࣝࢫࡢࡳ࡞ࡽࡎࣀࣟ࡞࡝ࡢ㠀࢚ࣦ࢙࣮ࣥࣟࣉ࢘࢕ࣝࢫ࡟ࡶຠᯝⓗ࡛࠶ࡿ࡜ᮇᚅ࡛ࡁࡿࡇ࡜࠿ࡽࠊ௒ᚋࡣ㠀࢚ࣦ࢙࣮ࣥࣟࣉ࢘࢕ࣝࢫࡢ୙άᛶ໬࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡶ᳨ウࢆ⾜࠺ࠋཧ⪃ᩥ⊩㸸
[1] ㇂ཱྀึ⨾ࠊụ㔝㈗Ꮚࠊᖹᡂ 21 ᖺᗘឤᰁ⑕ᑐ⟇ࢭࣥࢱ࣮◊✲ሗ࿌᭩ 㻔2009㻕.
[2] T. Kawahara, M. Sakou, I. Akiba, in preparation.