【原著】

㧗➼Ꮫᰯ࡟࠾ࡅࡿホ౯ࢆά⏝ࡋࡓ኱ᏛධᏛ⪅㑅ᢤࡢᅜ㝿ẚ㍑
̿̿GCE-A ࣭ࣞ࣋ࣝᅜ㝿ࣂ࢝ࣟࣞ࢔ࢆ୰ᚰ࡟̿̿Ọ⏣⣧୍㸪ᮡཎᩄᙪ㸪㧗ᆅ⚽᫂㸦ᗈᓥ኱Ꮫ㸧኱ᏛධᏛ⪅㑅ᢤ࡟࠾࠸࡚㸪ᅜ㸦ࡲࡓࡣᕞ㸧඲యࡢඹ㏻ヨ㦂ࡢᚓⅬ࡜㧗➼Ꮫᰯ࡟࠾ࡅࡿᏛ⩦ࡢホ౯ࢫࢥ࢔ࢆ࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡟⤌ࡳྜࢃࡏ࡚ά⏝ࡍࡿ࠿ࡣ㸪ᅜ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ᵝࠎ࡟␗࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡇࡢ࠺ࡕ㸪GCE-A ࣞ࣋ࣝヨ㦂ࡸᅜ㝿ࣂ࢝ࣟࣞ࢔࡟࠾ࡅࡿ DP ྲྀᚓ࡛ࡣ㸪ඹ㏻ヨ㦂࡜㧗➼Ꮫᰯ࡟࠾ࡅࡿホ౯ࢫࢥ࢔࡜ࡢẚ⋡ࡀᩍ⛉ࡈ࡜࡟Ỵࡵࡽࢀ࡚࠾ࡾ㸪㧗➼Ꮫᰯ࡟࠾ࡅࡿᏛ⩦ࡀ㑅ᢤ㈨ᩱ࡜ࡋ࡚ά⏝ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡑࡢ௙⤌ࡳ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚⪃ᐹࡋࡓ⤖ᯝࢆሗ࿌ࡍࡿࠋࡣࡌࡵ࡟ ࢖ࢠࣜࢫ㐃㑥ㅖᅜ㸦࣮࢜ࢫࢺࣛࣜ࢔㸪ࢩ࣏࣮ࣥ࢞ࣝ㸪㤶 ➼㸧࡛ࡣ㸪ᅜ㸦ࡲࡓࡣᕞ㸧඲యࡢඹ㏻ヨ㦂࡟ຍ࠼࡚㸪㧗➼Ꮫᰯ࡟࠾ࡅࡿᩍ⛉Ꮫ⩦㸦ࢢ࣮ࣝࣉᏛ⩦㸪ಶே◊✲➼㸧ࡢホ౯ࢆ୍ᐃࡢ๭ྜ࡛㸪ධᏛ⪅㑅ᢤ࡟ά⏝ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞᪉ἲࡣ㸪࢔ࣅࢺ࣮ࢗ࢔㸦ࢻ࢖ࢶ㸧ࡸࣂ࢝ࣟࣞ࢔㸦ࣇࣛࣥࢫ㸧࡛ࡶ᥇⏝ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ(Ⲩ஭㸪2013; ᮌᡞ, 2008, 2016)ࠋࡲࡓ㸪ᡃࡀᅜ࡛ࡶ௒ᚋቑຍࡍࡿ࡜ᛮࢃࢀࡿᅜ㝿ࣂ࢝ࣟࣞ࢔᭱⤊ヨ㦂࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡶ㸪㧗ᰯ㸦Ꮫᰯ㸧࡟࠾ࡅࡿホ౯࡜እ㒊ホ౯⪅ࡀసᡂࡋࡓඹ
㏻ヨ㦂ࢆ⤌ࡳྜࢃࡏ࡚᭱⤊ⓗ࡞ࢹ࢕ࣉ࣐ࣟㄆᐃࡢྍྰࢆุ᩿ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
 2020 ᖺᗘ࠿ࡽணᐃࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠕ኱ᏛධᏛඹ㏻ࢸࢫࢺࠖࡢᐇ᪋ཬࡧᅜෆ࡟࠾ࡅࡿᅜ㝿ࣂ࢝ࣟࣞ࢔ᐇ᪋ᰯࡢ
ቑຍࢆ㋃ࡲ࠼࡚㸪㧗ᰯ࡟࠾ࡅࡿᏛ⩦ࡸࡑࡢ௚ࡢάືࡢホ౯ࢆ࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡟ධᏛ⪅㑅ᢤ࡟ά⏝ࡍࡿࡢ࠿ࢆ᳨ウࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡣ㸪኱ኚ㔜せ࡞ࡇ࡜࡛࠶ࡿࠋᮏሗ࿌࡛ࡣ㸪࢖ࢠࣜࢫ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ GCE-A ࣞ࣋ࣝ㸪ᅜ㝿ࣂ࢝ࣟࣞ࢔࡟࠾ࡅࡿ DP㸪ཬࡧ࢖ࢠࣜࢫ㐃㑥ㅖᅜ㸦ࢩ࣏࣮ࣥ࢞ࣝ㸪࣮࢜ࢫࢺࣛࣜ࢔㸧࡟࠾ࡅࡿ୰➼ᩍ⫱ಟ஢ヨ㦂ࡢሙྜࡢࡑࢀࡒࢀ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚㸪ࠕ㧗ᰯ࡟࠾ࡅࡿホ౯ࠖ࡜ࠕእ㒊ホ౯⪅࡟ࡼࡿホ౯ࠖࡢ㛵ಀ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚⪃ᐹࢆ⾜࠸ࡓ࠸ࠋ2 ෆ㒊ホ౯㸦IA㸧࡜እ㒊ホ౯㸦EA㸧 㧗➼Ꮫᰯ࡟࠾ࡅࡿᩍ⛉άືࡢホ౯ࢆ㧗ᰯᩍဨࡀホ౯ࡍࡿሙྜࡣ㸪ෆ㒊ホ౯㸦Internal Assessment (IA)࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣ School-Based Assessment㸧࡜࿧ࡤࢀ࡚࠸
ࡿ(Darling-Hammond, 2012 ୕Ꮿ 2014) ࠋ୍᪉㸪㧗➼Ꮫᰯ࡟࠾ࡅࡿྛ⛉┠ࡢᏛ⩦㐩ᡂᗘࢆぢࡿࡓࡵ࡟㸪⏕ᚐࡀᡤᒓࡍࡿ㧗ᰯࡢᩍဨࡀసᡂࡍࡿࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃ㸪Ꮫᰯእࡢ➨୕⪅ᶵ㛵࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ඹ㏻ヨ㦂ၥ㢟ࡀసᡂࡉࢀ㸪ࡉࡽ࡟ホ౯ࡀ࡞ࡉࢀࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ㸪እ㒊ホ౯㸦ExternalAssessment㸧࡜࿧ࡪࠋᡃࡀᅜࡢ኱ᏛධᏛ⪅㑅ᢤࡢሙྜ࡛࠸࠼ࡤ㸪ㄪᰝ᭩ࡀෆ㒊ホ౯࡟┦ᙜࡋ㸪ᅜබ❧኱Ꮫࡢሙྜ㸪ඹ㏻ヨ㦂࡜ࡋ࡚ྛᩍ⛉ࡢᏛ⩦฿㐩ᗘࢆ ᐃࡍࡿ኱Ꮫධヨࢭࣥࢱ࣮ヨ㦂࡜ྛ኱Ꮫࡢಶูヨ㦂ࡀእ㒊ホ౯࡟┦ᙜࡍࡿࠋ⌧ᅾ㸪ᡃࡀᅜ࡛ࡣ㧗኱᥋⥆ᨵ㠉ࡀ⾜ࢃࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡀ㸪ෆ㒊ホ౯࡜እ㒊ホ౯ࢆ⤌ࡳྜࢃࡏ࡚࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡞኱ᏛධᏛ⪅㑅ᢤࢆᐇ᪋ࡍࡿ࠿ࡀㄢ㢟ࡢ୍ࡘ࡛࠶ࡿ㸪࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ
3 GCE-A ࣞ࣋ࣝࡢሙྜGCE-A ࣞ࣋ࣝヨ㦂ࡣ㸪ಟ஢㈨᱁࡜ࡋ࡚ࢹ࢕ࣉ࣐ࣟ
ࡀᤵ୚ࡉࢀࡿࡶࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃ㸪ホ౯ࡣࢢ࣮ࣞࢻ࡟ࡼࡾᩍ
⛉ࡈ࡜࡟⾜ࢃࢀࡿࠋ」ᩘࡢヨ㦂㐠Ⴀẕయࡀ࠶ࡿࡇ࡜࠿ࡽ㸪Uniform Mark Scheme (UMS)࡜ࡼࡤࢀࡿඹ㏻
ࡋࡓࢫࢥ࢔࡬ࡢ᥮⟬ࡀ࡞ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ ⌧ᅾࡢヨ㦂㐠Ⴀᅋయࡣ㸪(1)AQA : Assessment
and Qualifications Alliance, (2) OCR : Oxford,
Cambridge and RSA Examinations, (3) Pearson
Edexcel, (4) WJEC : Welsh Joint Education
Committee, (5) CCEA : Council for the Curriculum,
Examinations & Assessment ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ ࡉ࡚㸪GCE-A ࣞ࣋ࣝヨ㦂ࡣ㸪⌧ᅾ㸪ᨵ㠉ࡢྈ୰ 1)࡛㸪୍㒊ࡢᩍ⛉࠿ࡽᨵ㠉ࡀࡍࡍࡵࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡀ㸪඲ᩍ⛉࡛ࡢ᏶඲ᐇ᪋ࡣ  ᖺᗘ㸪ࡉࡽ࡟ᐇ㝿ࡢ኱ᏛධᏛ⪅㑅ᢤ࡟ά⏝ࡉࢀࡿࡢࡣ㸪ࡑࡢ  ᖺᚋࡢ  ᖺᗘ࡛࠶ࡿ㸦Ἀᒣᮧ㸧ࠋࡇࡢ࠺ࡕ㸪ෆ㒊ホ౯㸦Internal Assessment㸧࡜ࡋ࡚ Courseworkࡢホ౯ࢆ᭱⤊ᡂ⦼࡟ྵࡵࡿࡇࢀࡲ࡛ࡢࡸࡾ᪉ࡀከࡃࡢᩍ⛉࡛ྲྀࡾࡸࡵࡽࢀࡿࡇ࡜࡜࡞ࡗࡓࠋࡓ࡜࠼ࡤ㸪ࠕ≀⌮Ꮫ(Physics)࡛ࠖࡣ㸪ᐇ㦂ࡢ༢ඖࡣ㧗ᰯࡢᩍᖌ࡟ࡼࡿෆ㒊ホ౯ࡀ࡞ࡉࢀ඲యࡢ 10%ࡢᚓⅬࢆ༨ࡵ࡚࠸ࡓࡀ㸪ࡇࢀࡶࡍ࡭࡚㸪እ㒊ホ౯࡟⨨ࡁ᥮ࢃࡿࡇ࡜࡜࡞ࡿࠋࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞ኚ᭦ࡣ㸪GCE-A ࣞ࣋ࣝࡢᡂ⦼⤖ᯝࡀ㸪♫఍ⓗ࡟኱ኚ㛵ᚰࡀࡶࡓࢀ࡚࠾ࡾ㸪࠸ࢃࡺࡿᡂ⦼ࡢ࢖ࣥࣇ࣮ࣞࢩࣙࣥ➼࡟㛵㐃ࡋࡓಙ㢗ᛶࡢၥ㢟ࡀᣦ᦬ࡉࢀ㸪ᨻᗓࡀᨵ㠉ࡢᣦ♧ࢆฟࡍ㸪࡜࠸ࡗࡓ⫼ᬒࡶ࠶ࡿ- 75 -

大学入試研究ジャーナル第 28 号

⾲ 1 GCE-A ࣞ࣋ࣝ࡟࠾ࡅࡿࢢ࣮ࣞࢻࡢ UCAS Tariff࣏࢖ࣥࢺ࡬ࡢ᥮⟬㻌 䜾䝺䞊䝗㻌㼀㼍㼞㼕㼒㼒 䝫䜲䞁䝖㻌㻭㻖㻌㻡㻢㻌㻭㻌㻠㻤㻌㻮㻌㻠㻜㻌㻯㻌㻟㻞㻌㻰㻌㻞㻠㻌㻱㻌㻝㻢㻌⾲ 2 ᅜ㝿ࣂ࢝ࣟࣞ࢔ࢹ࢕ࣉ࣐ࣟࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ
ࢢ࣮ࣞࢻࡢ UCAS Tariff ࣏࢖ࣥࢺ࡬ࡢ᥮⟬㻌 䜾䝺䞊䝗㻌

㼀㼍㼞㼕㼒㼒 䝫䜲䞁䝖㻌㻴㻣㻌㻡㻢㻌㻴㻢㻌㻠㻤㻌㻴㻡㻌㻟㻞㻌㻴㻠㻌㻞㻠㻌㻴㻟㻌㻝㻞㻌

⾲ 3 Advanced Placement (AP)࡟࠾ࡅࡿࢢ࣮ࣞࢻࡢUCAS Tariff ࣏࢖ࣥࢺ࡬ࡢ᥮⟬㻌 䜾䝺䞊䝗㻌

㼀㼍㼞㼕㼒㼒 䝫䜲䞁䝖㻌㻡㻌㻞㻤㻌㻠㻌㻞㻠㻌

࣮ࣟࢵࣃࡢ௚ࡢᅜ࡟࠾ࡅࡿヨ㦂ᡂ⦼ࡶ᥮⟬ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡇ ࠺ ࠸ ࡗ ࡓ ኚ ᥮ స ᴗ ࡣ 㸪 Awarding Body
Linkage(ABL) 3㸧 ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚࡞ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ ⌧ᅾࡢ GCE-A ࣞ࣋ࣝཬࡧᅜ㝿ࣂ࢝ࣟࣞ࢔ࡢᡂ⦼ホ౯࡟ࡣ㸪኱ࡁ࡞๭ྜ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࡟ࡋ࡚ࡶ㸪ෆ㒊ホ౯࡜ࡋ࡚ࡉࡲࡊࡲ࡞ホ౯㡯┠ࡀྵࡲࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋUCAS Tariff
ࡢࡼ࠺࡟, ␗࡞ࡿヨ㦂⤖ᯝࢆ༢୍ࡢࢫࢣ࣮ࣝ࡟ኚ᥮ࡍࡿసᴗࡣ㸪ᴟࡵ࡚ៅ㔜࡟⾜࠺ᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࡀ㸪ABL ࡣᅜእࡢ኱Ꮫධヨࡶྵࡵࡓศᯒࢆࡶ࡜࡟Tariff ࣏࢖ࣥࢺࢆ⟬ฟࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ⥲ྜⓗ࡞ホ౯࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢ holistic admission ࡜࿧ࡤࢀࡿどⅬ࡜㸪UCASTariff ࡢࡼ࠺࡟༢୍໬ࡋࡓホ౯࡟ࡼࡿどⅬ࡜ࢆ㸪࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡟වࡡྜࢃࡏࡿ࠿㸪ࡣ኱ࡁ࡞ㄢ㢟࡛࠶ࡿࠋ୍᪉㸪EU ᅪෆ࡟࠾ࡅࡿᅜቃࢆ㉺࠼ࡓ኱Ꮫ㐍ᏛࡸᏛ⏕⛣ືࡀᴟࡵ࡚άⓎ࡞⌧≧࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡣ㸪ᚿ㢪ࡍࡿഃ࡜㑅ᢤࡍࡿഃࡢ཮᪉࡟࠾࠸࡚㸪༢୍໬ࡉࢀࡓࢫࢥ࢔⾲♧ࡣ㸪ࡼࡾࢃ࠿ࡾࡸࡍ࠸ࢩࢫࢸ࣒࡛࠶ࡿࠋ࠸ࢃࡺࡿ࣮࣎ࣟࢽࣕࣉࣟࢭࢫ࡟࠾ࡅࡿᏛ఩ࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡢᨵ㠉ࡶྵࡵ࡚ಠ▔ࡍࢀࡤ㸪UCAS Tariff ࡣ㸪EU ᅪෆࡢᣑ኱ࡍࡿ㧗➼ᩍ⫱ᅪࡢ኱ࡁ࡞ὶࢀࡢ୍ࡘ࡜ࡳ࡞ࡏࡿࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࡛࠶ࢁ࠺࠿ࠋࡓࡔࡋ㸪ὀពࡍ࡭ࡁࡣ㸪࢖ࢠࣜࢫࡢ◊✲኱
Ꮫ࡛ࡣ UCAS Tariff ࢆ㔜どࡋ࡞࠸㑅ᢤࡀᐇ᪋ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸪࡜࠸࠺ᣦ᦬ࡀ࠶ࡿ㸦ⰼ஭ 2014, 2016㸧ࠋࡇࡢሙྜ㸪㧗➼ᩍ⫱࡬ࡢ࢔ࢡࢭࢫࡀᣑ኱ࡋ㸪㐍Ꮫ⋡ࡢୖ᪼ࡀࡶࡓࡽࡉࢀࡓ⤖ᯝ㸪㑅ᢤᗘࡢ㐪࠸࡟ࡼࡗ࡚㸪UCASTariff ࡀ␗࡞ࡿᙺ๭ࢆᢸࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜࡟࡞ࡿࠋ4 ᅜ㝿ࣂ࢝ࣟࣞ࢔ DP ࡢሙྜ ⌧ᅾ㸪ᡃࡀᅜ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡣ㸪᪥ᮏㄒ࡛ᅜ㝿ࣂ࢝ࣟࣞ࢔㻞㻌㻝㻢㻌ࡢࢹ࢕ࣉ࣐ࣟࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛಟ஢㈨᱁ྲྀᚓࡀྍ⬟࡞ࣉࣟࢢ㻝㻌㻝㻞㻌࣒ࣛࡢタ⨨ࡀ㸪ከࡃࡢ㧗➼Ꮫᰯ➼࡟࠾࠸࡚ィ⏬ࡉࢀ࡚
࠸ࡿࠋ2017 ᖺ㸱᭶ࡢẁ㝵࡛ࡣ㸪ᅜෆ࡟ⱥㄒ࣭᪥ᮏㄒ
࡟ࡼࡿ DP ᐇ᪋ᰯࡀ 31 ᰯᏑᅾࡍࡿࠋ㸦⛙, 2014; ᒣᮧ, 2016㸧ࠋGCE-A ࣞ࣋ࣝࡢᡂ⦼ࡀ㸪 ከࡃࡢᩥ⊩࡟ࡶ࠶ࡿ࡜࠾ࡾ㸪ᅜ㝿ࣂ࢝ࣟࣞ࢔ᩍ⫱ࣉࡑࢀࡔࡅ♫఍ⓗ࡞ᙳ㡪ࡀ኱ࡁ࠸⾲ࢀ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋࣟࢢ࣒࡛ࣛࡣ㸪ᢸᙜᩍဨࡀᤵᴗࡢᐇ᪋᪉ἲ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ከ ࡉ࡚㸪࢖ࢠࣜࢫ࡛ࡣ㸪኱ᏛධᏛ⪅㑅ᢤࡣ㸪UCASࡃࡢ⿢㔞ࢆ᭷ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ⤫୍ࡋࡓᩍ⛉᭩ࡣ≉࡟タᐃࡉ(Universities and Colleges Admissions Service) 2㸧࡟ࢀ࡚࠾ࡽࡎ㸪ᩍ⛉ᢸᙜᩍဨಶࠎࡀᤵᴗࡢィ⏬ࢆ⾜࠸㸪ࡼࡗ࡚㸪ฟ㢪ཷ௜㸪㑅⪃⤖ᯝ㏻▱ࡀ୍ᣓ࡛⾜ࢃࢀ࡚࠾ᩍᮦࢆసᡂࡍࡿࠋࡾ㸪ᴟࡵ࡚㞟୰໬ࡀࡍࡍࢇ࡛࠸ࡿࠋUCAS ࡣእᅜࢆ ୍᪉㸪ࡑࡢホ౯᪉ἲ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣ㸪࠶ࡽ࠿ࡌࡵࠕᣦᑟྵࡴࡉࡲࡊࡲ࡞ヨ㦂ࡢ⤖ᯝࢆ㸪༢୍ࡢࢫࢥ࢔࡛࠶ࡿࡢᡭᘬࡁࠖ➼࡛ホ౯ࡢほⅬ㸪ࢢ࣮ࣞࢻࡢỴࡵ᪉➼ࡀヲTariff ᚓⅬ࡟ኚ᥮ࡍࡿసᴗࡶᢸࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ(⾲ 1, 2,⣽࡟ᣦᐃࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡇࢀࡣ㸪๓㏙ࡢෆ㒊ホ౯3)(UCAS, 2016; ⰼ஭,2014, 2016)ࠋࡓ࡜࠼ࡤ㸪GCE㸦Internal Assessment㸧࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡶྠᵝ࡛࠶ࡿࠋA ࣞ࣋ࣝࡢࢢ࣮ࣞࢻ࡜㸪ᚋ㏙ࡍࡿᅜ㝿ࣂ࢝ࣟࣞ࢔ࡢ ࡓ࡜࠼ࡤ㸪ࠗᩘᏛ HL ࡢᡭᘬࡁ࠘(IBO, 2015)࡟ࡼ
ࢢ࣮ࣞࢻࡢ཮᪉ࢆ Tariff ࣏࢖ࣥࢺ࡟ኚ᥮ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡛㸪ࢀࡤ㸪እ㒊ホ౯㸦External Assessment㸧ࡣ㸪IB ᰯධᏛ⪅㑅ᢤ࡟࠾ࡅࡿホ౯ࡀᴟࡵ࡚ࢩࣥࣉࣝ࡟࡞ࡿࠋࡇࡢᩍဨ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃ㸪እ㒊ࡢၥ㢟సᡂ⪅ࡀᏑᅾࡋ㸪ྜィ㸳ࡢኚ᥮ࡣ㸪࢖ࢠࣜࢫᅜෆࡢ኱Ꮫධヨ࡟࡜࡝ࡲࡽࡎ㸪ࣚ᫬㛫ࡢヨ㦂ࡀㄢࡉࢀࡿࠋゎ⟅᪉ᘧࡣ㸪▷⟅ᘧ㸪ㄽ㏙ᘧ㻟㻌㻞㻜㻌

- 76 -

高等学校における評価を活用した大学入学者選抜の国際比較࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡲࡓ㸪ෆ㒊ホ౯㸦Internal Assessment㸧ࡣ㸪ࠕᩘᏛ᥈ồ(Mathematical Exploration)ࠖ࡜࿧ࡤࢀࡿ
ㄢ㢟࣏࣮ࣞࢺసᡂ࡛࠶ࡾ㸪ࡑࡢホ౯ᇶ‽(Criterion)ࡣ
A~E ࡢ 㸳 㡯 ┠ 㸦 A ࠕ ࢥ ࣑ ࣗ ࢽ ࢣ ࣮ ࢩ ࣙ ࣥ(Communication)ࠖ㸪BࠕᩘᏛⓗ⾲⌧(MathematicalPresentation)ࠖ㸪Cࠕ୺యⓗ࡞ྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳ (PersonalEngagement)ࠖ㸪D ࠕ᣺ࡾ㏉ࡾ(Reflection) ࠖ㸪EࠕᩘᏛࡢά⏝(Use of Mathematics)ࠖ࡜つᐃࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡇࡢᡭᘬࡁࡣ᪥ᮏㄒ࡛グ㏙ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡀ㸪௚ࡢゝㄒࡢ DP ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡶෆᐜࡣྠ୍࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡉࡽ࡟㸪ྛ㡯┠ࡣ㸲㹼㸳ẁ㝵ࡢ฿㐩ᗘ࡟ࡼࡾホ౯ࡉࢀࡿࠋࡓ࡜࠼ࡤ㸪ホ౯ᇶ‽ Cࠕ୺యⓗ࡞ྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳ࡛ࠖࡣ 4㹼0 ࡢ㸳ẁ㝵ホ౯࡛࠶ࡾ㸪᭱ࡶ㧗࠸฿㐩ᗘࡢ 4 ࡣࠕ㢧ⴭ࡞୺యⓗ࡞ྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳࡀ㇏ᐩ࡟ㄆࡵࡽࢀࡿ㸦There is abundantevidence of outstanding personal engagement.㸧࡛ࠖ࠶ࡾ㸪௨ୗ㸪3ࠕ༑ศ࡟୺యⓗ࡞ྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳࡀㄆࡵࡽ
ࢀࡿ㸦There is evidence of significant personalengagement.㸧ࠖ㸪2ࠕ࠶ࡿ⛬ᗘࡢ୺యⓗ࡞ྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳࡀㄆࡵࡽࢀࡿ㸦There is evidence of some personalengagement㸧ࠖ㸪1ࠕ㝈ᐃⓗࡲࡓࡣ⾲㠃ⓗ࡞୺యⓗ࡞ྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳࡀㄆࡵࡽࢀࡿ㸦There is evidence oflimited or superficial personal engagement㸧ࠖ㸪0ࠕ4㹼1 ࡢ࠸ࡎࢀࡢỈ‽࡟ࡶ㐩ࡋ࡚࠸࡞࠸㸦The
exploration does not reach the standard describedby the descriptors below(4㹼1).ࠖ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡑࡢ฿㐩ᗘࡀホ౯ࡉࢀࡿࠋ ࡉࡽ࡟㸪ෆ㒊ホ౯࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡣ㸪ࡑࡢ๓ᥦ࡜ࡋ࡚㸪IB ࡢࠕᏛၥⓗㄔᐇᛶࠖ࡟㛵ࡍࡿ᪉㔪(academichonesty policy)࡟ᇶ࡙࠸࡚㸪ᩍᖌࡀ⏕ᚐ࡟ᣦᑟࢆ⾜࠺ࡇ࡜ࡀ᫂グࡉࢀ࡚࠾ࡾ㸪᫖௒㸪ᡃࡀᅜࡢᏛ㒊ཬࡧ኱Ꮫ㝔ᩍ⫱࡟࠾࠸࡚㔜せどࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ◊✲೔⌮ᩍ⫱࡜ࡢ᥋⥆ᛶࡀࡳࡽࢀࡿࠋ ᭱⤊ⓗ࡞ࠕᩘᏛ HLࠖ඲యࡢホ౯ࡣ㸪ෆ㒊ホ౯ࡀ
20%㸪እ㒊ホ౯ࡀ 80%ࡢẚ㔜࡛Ỵᐃࡉࢀࡿࡇ࡜࡟࡞
ࡿࠋࡇࡢẚ㔜್ࡣ㸪⛉┠࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ⱝᖸ␗࡞ࡿࠋࡓ࡜࠼ࡤ㸪ࠕゝㄒ㸿㸸ゝㄒ࡜ᩥᏛ࡛ࠖࡣෆ㒊ホ౯ 30%, እ㒊ホ౯ 70% ࡛࠶ࡾ㸪ࠕ⨾⾡࡛ࠖࡣෆ㒊ホ౯ 40%,እ㒊ホ౯ 60% ࡜࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ(⾲ 4)ࠋ
 ࡉ࡚㸪ࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡟ྛ IB ᰯࡢ⛉┠ᢸᙜᩍᖌ࡟ࡼࡾホ౯ࡉࢀࡓෆ㒊ホ౯ࡢᚓⅬࡣ㸪ࡑࡢࡲࡲ኱ᏛධᏛ⪅㑅ᢤࡢホ౯㈨ᩱ࡛࠶ࡿ᭱⤊ࢫࢥ࢔࡜࡞ࡿࡢࡔࢁ࠺࠿ࠋᐇ㝿࡟ࡣ㸪ࡑ࠺࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃ㸪ᩍᖌࡢᚓⅬࢆࡉࡽ࡟ホ౯ࡍࡿᏛᰯእࡢࣔࢹ࣮ࣞࢱ࣮(Moderator) ࡀ㸱ẁ㝵࡛Ꮡᅾࡍࡿࠋࡇࢀࡣ㸪ᐇ㝿ࡢᩍᖌࡢᚓⅬࡢ㐺ᛶᗘࢆ෌ホ౯ࡍࡿ
Assistant Moderator㸪ࡉࡽ࡟ࡑࡢୖ఩࡟ Senior
Moderator, ࡑࡢࡉࡽ࡟ୖ఩࡟ Principal Moderator

⾲ 4 ᅜ㝿ࣂ࢝ࣟࣞ࢔ DP ࡢ᭱⤊ホ౯࡟࠾ࡅࡿෆ㒊ホ
౯࡜እ㒊ホ౯ࡢẚ⋡㸦⾲ࡢ⛉┠ࡣ඲࡚ HL: HigherLevel㸧(IBO, 2014a-c, 2015a-d, 2016a-d)㻌㻌ෆ㒊ホ౯㻌 እ㒊ホ౯ゝㄒ 㻭㻦ゝㄒ䛸ᩥᏛ㻟㻜㻑㻌㻣㻜㻑㻌ゝㄒ 㻭㻦ᩥᏛ㻌㻟㻜㻑㻌㻣㻜㻑㻌Ṕྐ㻌㻞㻜㻑㻌㻤㻜㻑㻌⤒῭㻌㻞㻜㻑㻌㻤㻜㻑㻌ᆅ⌮㻌㻞㻜㻑㻌㻤㻜㻑㻌ᩘᏛ㻌㻞㻜㻑㻌㻤㻜㻑㻌≀⌮㻌㻞㻜㻑㻌㻤㻜㻑㻌໬Ꮫ㻌㻞㻜㻑㻌㻤㻜㻑㻌⏕≀㻌㻞㻜㻑㻌㻤㻜㻑㻌㡢ᴦ㻌㻡㻜㻑㻌㻡㻜㻑㻌⨾⾡㻌㻠㻜㻑㻌㻢㻜㻑㻌ࡀ఩⨨ࡍࡿ㸦IBO, 2010㸧ࠋᩍᖌࡢ᥇Ⅼ⤖ᯝࡢ඲࡚ࢆᑂᰝࡍࡿࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃ㸪ࣛࣥࢲ࣒࡟ᣦᐃࡉࢀࡓ⤖ᯝࢆ
IBO ࡟ᥦฟࡍࡿࡼ࠺࡛࠶ࡿࡀ㸪ࡑࢀ࡛ࡶ඲ୡ⏺࡛ࡳࢀࡤᩘ୓ே㸦ᩘᏛ࡛ࡣ HL ࡜ SL ࡢྜィ࡛ᘏ࡭⣙ 9 ୓ே㸧ࡢࢫࢥ࢔ࡀᥦฟࡉࢀࡿ୰࡛㸪ᐇ㝿࡟࡝ࡢ⛬ᗘࡢಟṇࡀ࡞ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡢ࡛࠶ࢁ࠺࠿ࠋࡲࡓ㸪ᑂᰝ࡟せࡍࡿ᫬㛫ࡣ࡝ࡢ⛬ᗘ࡞ࡢ࡛࠶ࢁ࠺࠿ࠋࡇࡢⅬ࡟㛵ࡍࡿ᳨ウࡣ㸪௒ᚋࡢㄢ㢟࡜ࡋࡓ࠸ࠋ5 ࢖ࢠࣜࢫ㐃㑥ㅖᅜࡢሙྜ
5.1 ࢩ࣏࣮ࣥ࢞ࣝ ࢩ࣏࣮ࣥ࢞ࣝࡢ኱ᏛධᏛ⪅㑅ᢤ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡣ㸪
Singapore-Cambridge GCE A-Level examination ࡀ㔜せ࡞㑅ᢤホ౯ᣦᶆࡢᙺ๭ࢆᣢࡘࠋ౛࠼ࡤ㸪⾲ 5 ࡣ㸪
2016/2017 Ꮫᖺᬺ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ National University ofSingapore (NUS)࡬ࡢྜ᱁⪅ࡢᡂ⦼ศᕸࢆࣃ࣮ࢭࣥࢱ࢖࡛ࣝ♧ࡋࡓࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ⾲୰ࡢᡂ⦼ࡣ㸪ᕥ➃ࡢ 3
ࡘࡀ Year12 ࡛Ꮫࡪ H2 ࣞ࣋ࣝࡢ 3 ⛉┠㸪ྑ➃ࡢ㸯ࡘࡀ Year11 ࡛Ꮫࡪ H1 ࣞ࣋ࣝࡢ 1 ⛉┠࡛࠶ࡿࠋྜ᱁ࡣ
A, B, C, D, E ࡢ 5 ẁ㝵࡟༊ศࡉࢀ࡚࠾ࡾ㸪A ࡣ 70%⛬ᗘ௨ୖࡢᚓⅬ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ
2002 ᖺ௨㝆㸪᪂ࡋ࠸࣒࢝ࣜ࢟ࣗࣛࡀᑟධࡉࢀ,Project Work ࡜࿧ࡤࢀࡿ༠ാᆺࡢ⛉┠ࡀ㏣ຍࡉࢀᚲಟ ࡜ ࡞ ࡗ ࡓ 㸦 Chong, 2008; Darling-Hammond,2012; Koh 2014㸧ࠋࡇࢀࡣ኱Ꮫධヨ࡟࠾࠸࡚࠶ࡲࡾ
࡟ࡶ▱㆑೫㔜࡟࡞ࡾࡍࡂࡓᙜ᫬ࡢ≧ἣࢆኚ࠼ࡿ┠ⓗ࡛࠶ࡗࡓ࡜㸪኱Ꮫࡢධヨㄢᢸᙜ⫋ဨࡶ࢖ࣥࢱࣅ࣮ࣗ࡟⟅- 77 -

大学入試研究ジャーナル第 28 号

⾲ 5 NUS ࡟࠾ࡅࡿᏛኈㄢ⛬࡬ࡢྜ᱁⪅ࡢᡂ⦼ศᕸ 4)
㸦Singapore-Cambridge GCE A-Level㸧㻌 䝁䞊䝇㻌㻝㻜 䝟䞊䝉䞁䝍䜲䝹㻌 㻥㻜 䝟䞊䝉䞁䝍䜲䝹་Ꮫ㻌㻭㻭㻭㻛㻭㻌㻭㻭㻭㻛㻭㻌ṑᏛ㻌㻭㻭㻭㻛㻭㻌㻭㻭㻭㻛㻭㻌┳ㆤᏛ㻌㻮㻯㻯㻛㻯㻌㻭㻭㻭㻛㻮㻌ᕤᏛ㻌㻭㻮㻮㻛㻮㻌㻭㻭㻭㻛㻭㻌⌮Ꮫ㻌㻭㻮㻮㻛㻯㻌㻭㻭㻭㻛㻭㻌ேᩥ䞉♫఍⛉Ꮫ㻌㻭㻮㻮㻛㻮㻌㻭㻭㻭㻛㻭㻌࠼࡚࠸ࡿ㸦ᗈᓥ኱Ꮫᩍ⫱ᐊ⛅ᏘධᏛ᳨ウ WG, 2008㸧ࠋࡇࡢ Project Work ࡣ㸪ධヨᚓⅬࡢ 10㸣࡜ࡑࢀ࡯࡝኱ࡁࡃࡣ࡞࠸๭ྜࡔࡀ㸦ᑠᕝ࣭▼᳃㸪2008㸧㸪኱ᏛධᏛ⪅㑅ᢤࡢฟ㢪㈨ᩱ࡜ࡋ࡚ᚲ㡲࡜࡞ࡾ 5)㸪ᴟࡵ࡚ཝᐦ࡞ホ౯ࡀồࡵࡽࢀࡿࡇ࡜࡜࡞ࡗࡓ㸦Chong, 2008㸧.
௚ࡢ⛉┠࡜ࡣ␗࡞ࡾ㸪඲ᚓⅬࢆ㧗➼Ꮫᰯ㸦JuniorCollege 㸧 ࡢ ᩍ ᖌ ࡀ ホ ౯ ࡍ ࡿ School-Basedassessment (ෆ㒊ホ౯)࡜ࡋࡓࡇ࡜࠿ࡽ㸪ホ౯⤖ᯝࡢཝᐦᛶࢆ☜ಖࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟㸪Moderation ࡢࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡀᑟධࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡉࡽ࡟㸪ヨ㦂ᐇ᪋ẕయ࡛࠶ࡿ
SEAB (Singapore Examinations and Assessment
Board) ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚㸪ࡑࡢホ౯㡯┠࡜ᇶ‽ࡀヲ⣽࡟ᣦᐃࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ㧗ᰯᩍဨ࡟ᑐࡋ࡚ࡣ㸪ࡑࡢホ౯⬟ຊࡢྥୖࡢࡓࡵࡢ◊ಟࡀ࡞ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
5.2 ࣮࢜ࢫࢺࣛࣜ࢔ ࡇࢀࡲ࡛࡟ᡃࠎࡀ⌧ᆅㄪᰝࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࢱࢫ࣐ࢽ࢔ᕞ࡜ࢽ࣮ࣗࢧ࢘ࢫ࢙࣮࢘ࣝࢬᕞ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚㸪௨ୗ࡟♧ࡍࠋࢱࢫ࣐ࢽ࢔ᕞ ኱Ꮫ㐍Ꮫ๓ࡢ୰➼ᩍ⫱ࡣ㸪Senior High School ࡢYear 11~12 ࡢ 2 ᖺ㛫࡛࠶ࡾ㸪ಟ஢᫬࡟ TasmanianCertificate of Education (TCE)ࡢ㈨᱁ྲྀᚓࢆ┠ᣦࡍࠋࡇࡢ TCE ࡢᡂ⦼ࡀ㸪⌧ᅾ㸪࣮࢜ࢫࢺࣛࣜ࢔࡟࠾࠸࡚⤫୍໬ࡀࡍࡍࡵࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ኱ᏛධᏛᡂ⦼ࣛࣥࢡ
㸦ATAR : Australian Tertiary Admission Rank6)㸧࡟᥮⟬ࡉࢀ࡚㸪኱ᏛධᏛ⪅㑅ᢤࡀ⾜ࢃࢀࡿࠋATAR ࡢ⏝࠸᪉ࡣ㸪ከࡃࡢ኱Ꮫ࡟࠾࠸࡚ཷ㦂⏕ࡢฟ㢪᫬ࡢ᭱ప᮲௳㸦cut-off ್㸧࡜ࡋ࡚⏝࠸࡚࠾ࡾ㸪ேẼࡢ࠶ࡿࢥ࣮ࢫࡣࡑࡢ್ࡀ㧗ࡃ࡞ࡿࠋ࡞࠾㸪ࡇࡢ ATAR ࡣ㸪ࢫࢥ࢔࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃᡂ⦼ࡢࣃ࣮ࢭࣥࢱ࢖ࣝࡢࣛࣥࢡ⾲♧
㸦0.05 ้ࡳ㸧࡛࠶ࡾ㸪ࡓ࡜࠼ࡤ ATAR ࡀ 98.00 ࡢሙྜ࡟ࡣ㸪ᡂ⦼ୖ఩ࡢ 2%࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ♧ࡍࠋ ࢱࢫ࣐ࢽ࢔ᕞࡢሙྜ㸪ATAR ࡟᥮⟬ࡉࢀࡿ TCE ࡢࢫࢥ࢔ࡣ㸪Ꮫᰯෆࡢᡂ⦼ホ౯㸦ෆ㒊ホ౯㸪SchoolBased Assessment㸧࡜ඹ㏻ヨ㦂㸦እ㒊ホ౯㸧ࡢྜィ࡛᭱⤊ᡂ⦼࡟཯ᫎࡉࢀࡿࠋࡑࢀࡒࢀࡢ๭ྜࡣ 50%࡟࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡲࡓ㸪࢖ࢠࣜࢫࡸࢩ࣏࣮ࣥ࢞ࣝ㸪࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣᅜ㝿ࣂ࢝ࣟࣞ࢔࡜ྠᵝ࡟㸪ෆ㒊ホ౯࡟ᑐࡍࡿ
Moderation ࡀ࡞ࡉࢀ㸪ࢥ࣮ࢫ㛫㸪Ꮫᰯ㛫➼࡛኱ࡁ࡞ࡤࡽࡘࡁࡀ࡞࠸࠿㸪᳨ドࡀ࡞ࡉࢀࡿ 7)ࠋ
ࢽ࣮ࣗࢧ࢘ࢫ࢙࣮࢘ࣝࢬᕞ
 ๓㏙ࡢࢱࢫ࣐ࢽ࢔ᕞ࡜ྠᵝ࡟㸪ᚋᮇ୰➼ᩍ⫱ࡣ
Year11 ࡜ Year12 ࡢ 2 ᖺ 㛫 ࡛ ࠶ ࡾ 㸪 Senior
Curriculum ࡜࿧ࡤࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋಟ஢㈨᱁ࡣ㸪Higher
School Certificate (HSC)࡜࿧ࡤࢀ㸪ࡇࡢᡂ⦼ࡀ㸪ࡸࡣࡾ㸪ATAR ࡟᥮⟬ࡉࢀࡿࠋࢱࢫ࣐ࢽ࢔ᕞ࡜ྠᵝ࡟㸪Ꮫ ᰯ ෆ ࡢ ᡂ ⦼ ホ ౯ 㸦 ෆ 㒊 ホ ౯ 㸪 School-BasedAssessment㸧࡜ඹ㏻ヨ㦂㸦እ㒊ホ౯㸧ࡢྜィ࡛࠶ࡾ㸪ࡑࡢ๭ྜࡶྠࡌ 50%ࡎࡘ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡲࡓ㸪Moderationࡢ௙⤌ࡳࡶࢱࢫ࣐ࢽ࢔ᕞ࡜ྠᵝ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ6 ྛᅜࡢไᗘࡢẚ㍑
 ࡇࢀࡲ࡛ࡳ࡚ࡁࡓ࡜࠾ࡾ㸪࢖ࢠࣜࢫࢆ୰ᚰ࡜ࡋࡓㅖ
ᅜ㸦࢖ࢠࣜࢫ㐃㑥ㅖᅜ㸧ࡸᅜ㝿ࣂ࢝ࣟࣞ࢔ DP ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡣ㸪ᴫࡋ࡚㸪ᚋᮇ୰➼ᩍ⫱࡟࠾ࡅࡿಟ஢ヨ㦂㸦ෆ㒊ホ౯࡜እ㒊ホ౯ࡢ୧᪉ࢆྵࡴ᭱⤊ホ౯㸧ࡢᡂ⦼ࡀ㸪኱ᏛධᏛ⪅㑅ᢤ࡟࠾ࡅࡿᏛຊホ౯࡜ࡋ࡚኱ࡁ࡞఩⨨ࢆ༨ࡵ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡋࡓࡀࡗ࡚㸪ᅜ㸪ᕞ㸪࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣ඲ୡ⏺㸦ᅜ㝿ࣂ࢝ࣟࣞ࢔ DP㸧࡟࠾࠸࡚⤫୍ࡉࢀࡓእ㒊ヨ㦂࡟ຍ࠼࡚㸪ྛ㧗➼Ꮫᰯࡢ⛉┠ᢸᙜᩍဨ࡟ࡼࡿෆ㒊ホ౯ࡀ㸪⛉┠࡟ࡼࡿ㐪࠸ࡣ࠶ࡿࡶࡢࡢ㸪୍ᐃࡢ๭ྜ࡛᭱⤊ホ౯࡟ྵࡵࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ ࡑࡢ୍᪉㸪ࡇࢀࡽࡢᅜࠎ࡛ࡣ㸪ᑡࡋࡎࡘࡑࡢ᪉ྥᛶࡀ␗࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡼ࠺࡛࠶ࡿࠋ㧗➼Ꮫᰯࡢᩍ⛉άືࢆホ౯ࡍࡿෆ㒊ホ౯ࡣ㸪᭱᪂ࡢ GCE-A ࣞ࣋ࣝࡢᨵ㠉࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡣ㸪ᴟࡵ࡚㝈ᐃⓗ࡞⛉┠࡟⤠ࡽࢀࡿࠋ୍᪉㸪ᅜ㝿ࣂ࢝ࣟࣞ࢔࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡣ㸪๓ᮇ୰➼ᩍ⫱(MYP : MiddleYear Program)ࡢࡳ࡞ࡽࡎ㸪኱ᏛධᏛ⪅㑅ᢤࡢホ౯㈨ᩱ࡜ࡋ࡚⏝࠸ࡽࢀࡿᚋᮇ୰➼ᩍ⫱㸦DP : DiplomaProgram㸧ࡢ᭱⤊ᡂ⦼࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡶ㸪ෆ㒊ホ౯ࡀ୍ᐃࡢᐤ୚ࢆಖᣢࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡲࡓ㸪DP ࡢྛ⛉┠ࢆᩍ࠼ࡿᩍᖌࡣ㸪୍ᐃࡢホ౯ᇶ‽㸪ᣦᑟ᪉㔪ࡢつᐃࡣ࠶ࡿࡶࡢࡢ㸪ᤵᴗ⮬యࡢ⤌ࡳ❧࡚࡟ࡣከࡃࡢ⿢㔞ࢆᣢࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ ࡲࡓ㸪࣮࢜ࢫࢺࣛࣜ࢔࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡣ㸪ᕞࡈ࡜࡟ᚋᮇ୰➼ᩍ⫱ࡢᩍ⫱ㄢ⛬࡟ࡣ㐪࠸ࡀ࠶ࡿࡶࡢࡢ㸪⌧ᅾ㸪
ATAR ࡜ࡼࡤࢀࡿ┦ᑐⓗ࡞ᡂ⦼ࣛࣥࢡ࡟⤫୍໬ࡀࡍࡍࡵࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋྛᕞࡢ୰➼ᩍ⫱ಟ஢ヨ㦂࡛ࡣ㸪ࡸࡣࡾෆ㒊ホ౯ࡀ㝖እࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࢃࡅ࡛࡞ࡃ㸪᭱⤊ホ౯࡟

- 78 -

高等学校における評価を活用した大学入学者選抜の国際比較ྵࡲࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡉࡽ࡟ࢩ࣏࣮࡛ࣥ࢞ࣝࡣ㸪10 ᖺ⛬๓࠿ࡽ኱ᏛධᏛ⪅࡟ồࡵࡿ㈨㉁࣭⬟ຊ࡜ࡋ࡚㸪ࠕ༠ാࡍࡿຊࠖࢆ㔜どࡍࡿືࡁࡀ࠶ࡾ㸪Project Work ࡜࿧ࡤࢀࡿᩍ⛉ࡀ᪂タࡉࢀ㸪⌧ᅾࡶ⥅⥆ࡋ࡚኱ᏛධᏛ⪅㑅ᢤࡢࡓࡵࡢホ౯㈨ᩱ࡜ࡋ࡚⏝࠸ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
7 ࡲ࡜ࡵ
 2021 ᖺᗘ኱ᏛධᏛ⪅㑅ᢤ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡣ㸪Ꮫຊ 3 せ⣲࡜ࡋ࡚つᐃࡉࢀࡓࠕ▱㆑࣭ᢏ⬟ࠖࠕᛮ⪃ຊุ࣭᩿ຊ࣭
⾲⌧ຊࠖࠕ୺యᛶࢆᣢࡗ࡚ከᵝ࡞ேࠎ࡜༠ാࡋ࡚Ꮫࡪែᗘࠖࢆホ౯㡯┠࡜ࡋ࡚㑅ᢤࡀ࡞ࡉࢀࡿࡇ࡜࡟࡞ࡿࠋ
ࡇࢀࡣ㸪ᡃࡀᅜࡢ AO ධヨ➼࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡋࡤࡋࡤᣦ᦬
ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿᏛຊ୙ၥ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃ㸪㧗ᗘ࡞Ꮫຊࢆồࡵࡘࡘ
ከᵝ࡞㈨㉁࣭⬟ຊࢆồࡵࡿࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋᮏሗ࿌࡛ࡳ࡚ࡁࡓ࢖ࢠࣜࢫ㐃㑥ࡢ 3 ࠿ᅜ࡜ᅜ㝿ࣂ࢝ࣟࣞ࢔ DP ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡣ㸪ࡑࡢẚ⋡ࡣᵝࠎ࡛࠶ࡿࡶࡢࡢ㸪㧗➼Ꮫᰯᩍဨ࡟ࡼࡿホ౯⤖ᯝࢆ㑅ᢤ㈨ᩱࡢ୍㒊࡟ά⏝ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡓࡔࡋ㸪Moderation ࡜࿧ࡤࢀࡿᩍဨ௨እࡢእ㒊ホ౯⪅࡟ࡼࡿಟṇࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡀᏑᅾࡋ㸪㧗➼Ꮫᰯᩍဨࡢホ౯ࡀ㸪඲ࡃ᳨ド࡞ࡃ฼⏝ࡉࢀࡿࡶࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࠋ ᡃࡀᅜࡢ኱ᏛධᏛ⪅㑅ᢤไᗘ࡟࠾࠸࡚㸪௒ᚋ㸪࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡞ࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࢆᵓ⠏ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡛㸪Ꮫຊ 3 せ⣲ࢆ㐺ษ࡟ホ౯ࡋ㸪㑅ᢤ㈨ᩱ࡜ࡋ࡚ఱࡀά⏝ྍ⬟࡞ࡢ࠿ࢆ᳨ウࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟㸪ᮏሗ࿌࡛ศᯒࡋࡓㅖእᅜ࡛㐠⏝ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡢ฼Ⅼ࡜ၥ㢟Ⅼࢆ᫂☜࡟ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡣ㸪኱ኚព⩏ࡢ࠶ࡿࡇ࡜࡜⪃࠼ࡿࠋㅰ㎡ᮏ◊✲ࡣ JSPS ⛉◊㈝ 17K04555 ࡢຓᡂࢆཷࡅࡓࡶࡢ࡛ࡍࠋὀ1) “Get the facts: AS and A level reform”, Updated
31 March 2017<https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/get-the-facts-gcse-and-a-level-reform/get-the-factsas-and-a-level-reform>㸦2017 ᖺ 4 ᭶ 20 ᪥㸧
2㸧Universities and Colleges Admissions Service,“Undergraduate Courses At University AndCollege | UCAS”<https://www.ucas.com/>㸦2017 ᖺ 4 ᭶ 20 ᪥㸧3) ࠕUCAS㸸the role of centralised admissions in
the UK’s higher education sectorࠖWilson, M. ࡟ࡼࡿㅮ₇ࢫࣛ࢖ࢻ㸪ࠗ኱Ꮫධヨࢧ࣑ࢵࢺ 2017࠘,኱㜰኱Ꮫ㧗➼ᩍ⫱࣭ධヨ◊✲㛤Ⓨࢭࣥࢱ࣮㸪2017ᖺ 3 ᭶ 26 ᪥㸪㇏୰ᕷ㸬4) Indicative Grade Profile (IGP), NUS<http://www.nus.edu.sg/oam/gradeprofile/sprogra
mme-igp.html>㸦2017 ᖺ 4 ᭶ 20 ᪥㸧5) ౛࠼ࡤ㸪National University of Singapore ࡢධᏛ⪅㑅ᢤ࡟㛵ࡍࡿ Q&A<http://www.nus.edu.sg/oam/specialprogrammefa
q/sprogramme-faq.html>㸦2017 ᖺ 4 ᭶ 20 ᪥㸧 $7$5 ࡣᡂ⦼ศᕸࡢࣃ࣮ࢭࣥࢱ࢖್ࣝ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚㸪 ࢆ᭱ୖ఩࡜ࡋࡓ  ้ࡳࡢࣛࣥࢡ࡟ኚ᥮ࡋࡓ್࡛࠶ࡿ㸦ୖ఩࠿ࡽ  ࡢ㡰㸧ࠋ7) “Internal Assessment”, Tasmanian Certificate ofEducation, Office of Tasmanian Assessment,Standards and Certification<http://www.tasc.tas.gov.au/69607#IAS2> 㸦 2017
ᖺ 4 ᭶ 20 ᪥㸧ཧ⪃ᩥ⊩Ⲩ஭ඞᘯ (2013). ࠕㅖእᅜࡢ኱ᏛධᏛไᗘࠖࠗ➨ 10ᅇᩍ⫱෌⏕ᐇ⾜఍㆟㈨ᩱ 1-1࠘, ᖹᡂ 25 ᖺ 6 ᭶ 26
᪥.
Chong, K. KK (2008). “Whither School-Based
Coursework Assessment in Singapore?,” Paper
presented at The 35th International Association
for Educational Assessment Conference, Brisbane.
Darling-Hammond, L.. (2012) “Policy Frameworks
for New Assessments,” Assessment and Teachingof 21st Century Skills, Griffin, P., McGaw, B., andCare, E. (eds.), 301-339, Springer.
ⰼ஭ ΅㸦2014㸧.ࠕ࢖ࢠࣜࢫ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ኱ᏛධᏛ⪅㑅ᢤไᗘࡢከᵝ໬࣭ᅜ㝿໬㸫ᅜ㝿ࣂ࢝ࣟࣞ࢔ࡢㄆド࡟╔┠ࡋ࡚㸫ࠖࠗ஑ᕞᩍ⫱Ꮫ఍◊✲⣖せ࠘42, 149156㸬
ⰼ஭ ΅㸦2016㸧㸬ࠕ࢖ࢠࣜࢫ࡟࠾ࡅࡿᅜ㝿ࣂ࢝ࣟࣞ࢔ㄆド࡟క࠺㈨᱁ヨ㦂ไᗘኚᐜ࡟㛵ࡍࡿ◊✲ࠖࠗẚ㍑ᩍ⫱Ꮫ◊✲࠘52, 90-112㸬⛙ ⏤⨾Ꮚ(2014)㸬ࠗ࢖ࢠࣜࢫࡢ኱Ꮫ̿ᑐ఩⥺ࡢ㌿
఩࡟ࡼࡿ㉁ⓗ㌿᥮࠘㸪ᮾಙᇽ㸬ᗈᓥ኱Ꮫᩍ⫱ᐊ⛅ᏘධᏛ᳨ウ WG (2008)㸬ࠕࢩ࣏࣮ࣥ࢞ࣝ㸦༡ὒᕤ⛉኱Ꮫ㸪ᅾࢩ࣏࣮ࣥ࢞ࣝ᪥ᮏ኱౑㤋㸪ࢩ࣏࣮ࣥ࢞ࣝ኱Ꮫ㸧ࠖࠗᗈᓥ኱Ꮫ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ⛅ᏘධᏛไᗘ࡟㛵ࡍࡿㄪᰝሗ࿌᭩࠘㸪88-100.
IBO (2010) 㸬 Diploma Programme assessment- 79 -

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