Newsletters Research Institute,
search andnt Agency, Japan

International Centre for Water
Hazard and Risk Management
under the auspices of UNESCO

Public Works Research InstituteNational Research andDevelopment Agency, Japan

Volume 17 No. 3
Issue No. 66
October 2022

Message from Executive Director

Roles of the science and technology community in transformation in society

Introduction of the theme at
the 15th Academy of Science
Presidents’ Meeting, Science andTechnology in Society (STS) forum
2022, 3rd October, 2022
STS フォーラム 2022、科学アカ
デミープレジデント会議における趣旨説明（2022 年 10 月 3 日）

Climate disasters are likely to become more frequentand intense. Complex, cascading and systemic risks
that are usually implicit in social, economic and environmental systems can suddenly emerge and threaten
humanity beyond boundaries in space and time. They
directly cause serious damage to natural and artificial
environments. At almost the same time, their impacts
extend to the water-food-energy-nexus and the qualityof life, including health, education, labor and poverty.
Once society falls into such circumstances, more problems arise in such areas as gender, equality, and peace
to a great degree. For humanity to survive such systemic risks and make society resilient, sustainable andinclusive, society should strengthen inter-sectoral cooperation and take coordinated actions. What roles should
the science and technology community play in assisting
leaders in making cross-sectoral decisions?

To respond to the inquiry from the heads of states and governments at the 4th
Asia-Pacific Water Summit held in Kumamoto, Japan, in April 2022, the summit participants agreed to take the following three actions after discussing the matter fromvarious aspects and sharing experiences.
First, the science and technology community should promote water cycle consilience,
particularly focusing on the fields of observation, modeling, and data and information. This interdisciplinary knowledge integration is called “consilience.” Second, tobridge the gap between society and on-site stakeholders and science and technology, the science and technology community should foster “Facilitators,” who canwork like catalytic beings to lead the way toward resolving problems by providing
professional advice on-site using a broad range of scientific and indigenous knowledge. Third, the science and technology community should also support society inpromoting cooperation beyond sectors at each level, i.e., local, national, regionaland global, while taking an “end-to-end approach,” which interlinks cutting-edge
science with local actions.
Then, on-site stakeholders should take coordinated actions through cross-sectoral
decision making by sharing the understanding of systemic risks through interactive dialogues, discovering the cause-and-effect relationship between preparedness,
resilience and sustainability holistically, and understanding them quantitatively.
Concrete support from the science and technology community should play a keyrole in transformation in society.
October 31, 2022
KOIKE Toshio
Executive Director of ICHARM

社会変容における科学技術コ
ミュニティの役割
気候災害がより頻繁に発生し、その影響が厳しさを増しています。いつもは社会、経済、環境システムの中で潜んでいる複雑で、連鎖的で、構造的なリスクが突然姿を現し、時空間の境界を越えて人類に脅威を与えています。直接的な被害は自然や人工環境に現れますが、ほぼ同時に
水―食料－エネルギー結合系に及び、そして健康、教育、労働、貧困などの生活の質にも広がります。いったん社会がそのような厳しい状況に陥りますと、ジェンダーや平等性、平和といった社会問題も生じます。人類がこのようなリスクを生き抜き、
レジリエントで持続可能で、だれ一人取り残さない社会に変容させるには、分野横断的な協力を進め、互いに協調した行動をとらなければなりません。指導者によるこのような分野横断的な意思決定に、科学技術コ
ミュニティはどのような役割を果たすべきでしょうか。
2022 年 4 月に熊本で開催された第４回アジア・太平洋水サミットに集まった首脳から投げかけられたこの問いに対し、いろいろな角度から議論が行われ、具体事例が共有されて、以下の 3 つの行動をとることが合意されました。
第一に、科学技術コミュニティは、
特に観測、モデル、データ統合に焦点を当てて、水循環にかかわる「知の統合」を進めるべきです。第二に、社会や現場での関係当事者と科学技術のギャップを埋めるために、科学
技術コミュニティは「ファシリテー
タ」を育成するべきです。ここでいう「ファシリテータ」とは、科学的、伝統的な知識を幅広く使った専門的な助言によって、問題解決の道を示すことにできる触媒的存在のことです。第三に、科学技術コミュニティ
は、最先端の科学と現場での行動をつなぐ「エンドトゥエンドアプロー
チ」を取り入れて、地方、国家、地域、世界の様々な段階で分野を超えた社会の協力を支援すべきです。
以上によって現場の関係当事者は、分野間の相互対話を通して構造的なリスクを共有し、事前の対応とレジ
リエンス、持続可能性の因果関係を包括的に発見し、さらにはそれを定量的に理解することができます。それによって、分野横断的な意思決定に基づいて相互に協調した行動がとれるようになります。社会の変容における科学技術コミュニティの具体的支援は重要です。

Contents

Special Topics

3. Revised ICHARM Programme / 改定された ICHARM プログラム
4. Strengthening international networks: Signature of Memorandum of Understanding between ICHARM and UMSS
/ Mayor de San Simón 大学と協定書を締結

International Flood Initiative (IFI)

5. ICHARM hosted the AWCI Session prior to the 15th AOGEO Symposium / 第 15 回 AOGEO シンポジウム分科会・アジア水循環イニシアティブ（AWCI）セッションを開催

Research

6. Research trip to Argentine for a SATREPS project / SATREPS アルゼンチン出張報告
7. World Bank project “Capacity Building for Drought Monitoring and Planning in Pakistan under Present and Future Climates” / 世界銀行プロジェクト 『現在・将来気候におけるパキスタンの干ばつの監視と計画のための能力開発』
8. The second e-learning courses of HyDEPP-SATREPS / フィリピン共和国 HyDEPP-SATREPS プロジェクトにおいて第 2回 e ラーニングを実施

10. ICHARM joins advanced studies of climate change prediction /「気候変動予測先端研究プログラム」の開始
10. Introduction of ICHARM research projects / 研究紹介
NAITO Kensuke, Researcher [Unveiling rivers in the Peruvian Andes] / 内藤健介 研究員「アンデスの川を測る」

Training & Education

13. Educational program updates / 研修活動報告
15. Graduation Ceremony of the 15th ICHARM master’s program
16. Outline of the Master’s thesis and comment for the course by each student / 修士論文の概要と研修生からのコメント
29. A group from MJIIT visits ICHARM / MJIIT (Malaysia Japan International Institute of Technology) の来訪
30. Action Reports from ICHARM Graduates
Nikola Zlatanović, Ph.D student, Faculty of Civil Engineering, the University of Belgrade

Information Networking

31. ICHARM co-organized a session at the Stockholm World Water Week 2022 / ストックホルム世界水週間でセッション
を共催

Coming Events

32. Information on the 9th International Conference on Flood Management (ICFM9) / 第 9 回洪水管理国際会議（ICFM9）に関するお知らせ

Miscellaneous

34. Comments from internship students / インターン生からのコメント
35. Business trips / 海外出張リスト
35. Visitors / 訪問者リスト
35. Publications / 発表論文リスト

Editor's Note / 編集後記

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ICHARM Newsletter Volume 17 No. 3・October 20222

Special Topics

Special Topics

Revised ICHARM Programme
改定された ICHARM プログラム

As reported in the previous issue of the ICHARM
Newsletter, the 6th ICHARM Governing Board
Meeting was held on June 21, 2022, and the board
adopted the revised ICHARM Programme.
The ICHARM Programme consists of four components: the Mission; the Long-term Programme, a plan
for about ten years; the Mid-term Programme, a plan
for about six years that is aligned with PWRI’s mid-tolong-term plans; and the Work Plan, an activity planfor the next two years. This article briefly explains theMission and the Long-term Programme.

Scheme of ICHARM Programme
ICHARM プログラムの構成

In the Mission, ICHARM sets the three primary pillars: “innovative research,” “effective capacity building,” and “efficient information networking,” and proclaims its
intent to globally serve as a knowledge hub for best national and local practices anda policy-making advisor.
In the Long-Term Programme, ICHARM states its aims to carry out projects in linewith the five priority areas listed in the ninth phase of the UNESCO Intergovernmental
Hydrological Programme (IHP-IX), which runs until 2029, and support the achievement of the targets of the UN 2030 Agenda (SDGs) and the UN Sendai Frameworkfor Disaster Risk Reduction. ICHARM will also contribute to implementing Japan’s
new flood control strategy. In 2020, a group of experts made recommendations to
the Japanese government on flood control planning to cope with climate change
impacts, proposing shifting its flood management policy to “River Basin Disaster
Resilience and Sustainability by All,” which calls for concerted efforts by all stakeholders in the basin in consideration of climate change impacts and social changes.
To achieve all these goals, ICHARM will step up innovative research by taking an
End-to-End approach, which covers the entire research process from data collection
to the analysis, assessment and prediction of natural phenomena to socio-economic impact assessment, thereby creating a scientific knowledge base, which helps
increase communities’ water-related disaster resilience and sustainability.
ICHARM will provide graduate-level programs to foster practitioners who can understand and create scientific knowledge on water hazard and risk management andalso offer training for local experts to become “facilitators” who can provide practicalideas on site to help communities improve resilience and sustainability by utilizing
the water disaster consilience.
To strengthen information networking, ICHARM will continue updating its actionplans by identifying, visualizing, and mapping challenges to be addressed toachieve the resilience and sustainability goals listed in the 2030 Agenda, the Sendai
Framework, the IHP-IX, and Japan’s new flood control policy. ICHARM will also
continue implementing projects while incorporating the outcomes of its researchand capacity-building projects through the International Flood Initiative and othernetworks.
*Click the address below for the full versions of the Mission, the Long-term Programme,
the Mid-term Programme, and the Work Plan.
https://www.pwri.go.jp/icharm/program/index.html(Written by KURIBAYASHI Daisuke)3

前 号 で 紹 介 し た よ う に、6 月 21日に第 6 回 ICHARM 運営理事会を実施し、改定された ICHARM プログラ
ムが採択されました。
ICHARM プログラムは、「使命」、
約 10 年間の「長期プログラム」、土木研究所の中長期計画と期間をそろえた約 6 年間の「中期プログラム」、
および 2 か年の活動計画である「事業計画」の 4 つから構成されています。以下、「使命」と「長期プログ
ラム」の内容について簡単にご紹介します。
「使命」においては、
これまで通り、
ICHARM 活動の 3 本柱として「革新的な研究」「効果的な能力育成」「効
率的な情報ネットワーク」が規定され、それらによって「ICHARM は国家、地域における現場実践の知的拠点、および実社会での政策立案における助言者としての役割を世界において果たす」こととしています。
「長期プログラム」においては、
2029 年までの計画である UNESCO
第 9 期政府間水文学計画 (IHP-IX) の5 つの優先分野を実行し、2030 年を目標としている国連 2030 アジェン
ダ（SDGs）や国連仙台防災枠組の目標達成を支援します。また、2020
年に取りまとめられた答申「気候変動を踏まえた水災害対策のあり方」
において、気候変動の影響や社会状
況の変化などを踏まえてあらゆる関係者が協働して流域全体で対応する「流域治水」への転換を進めることが示されたことを踏まえ、「流域治水」の推進に貢献します。
上記研究分野では、水災害のレジリエンスの強化と持続可能な社会の構築に資する科学知を統合する End
to End（データの取得から、自然現象の解明・評価・予測、社会・経済への影響評価までの一気通貫の研究）の研究を実施します。
能力育成分野では、これまでの大学院教育とともに、水災害のレジリ
エンスと持続可能性の向上に関わる取り組みを総合的な科学知に基づいて助言するファシリテータを育成します。
情報ネットワーク分野では、国連 2030 アジェンダ、仙台防災枠組、
UNESCO IHP-IX、日本の治水強靭化において、水災害のレジリエンスと持続可能性の課題を見える化しマッピングして、ICHARM の行動計画を随時更新するとともに、IFI の枠組み等を活用して研究分野・能力育成分
野と統合・連携し社会実装を推進します。
※「使命」、「長期プログラム」、「中期プログラム」、「事業計画」の全文については、
下記 ICHARM HP をご覧ください。
ICHARM プログラム
https://www.pwri.go.jp/icharm/program/index_j.html

ICHARM Newsletter Volume 17 No. 3・October 2022

Special Topics

Strengthening international networks: Signature of Memorandum of Understanding
between ICHARM and UMSS
Mayor de San Simón 大学と協定書を締結
2022 年 6 月 23 日、ICHARM と
ボ リ ビ ア・Mayor de San Simón 大
学 (UMSS) は、水災害研究に関する協定を締結しました。締結に当たっては、ICHARM・小池俊雄センター
長 と UMSS 水 理 学 研 究 所・Andrés
Gonzales 所長がオンラインで署名を行いました。
本協定は、自然災害に対するレジリエンスに関する研究開発強化を目的としており、共同研究の枠組みは
4 つの研究テーマで構成されています。
１. ボリビア・Ichilo 川における洪水、干ばつ、土砂輸送などの水災害に関する事象の理解。
２. Ichilo-Mamoré 川の水運に関し、
モニタリングと浚渫工事の評価手法の開発。また、河岸侵食やその対策の立案。
３. 自然災害のリスクマネジメント：
森林火災や森林伐採が土砂輸送
過程や河川形態変化に与える影
響、またそれが社会に与える影響の評価。
４. 自 然災害とリスクマネジメントに対応した都市計画：ボリビア・
コチャバンバ市におけるケース
スタディ。水リスク評価における衛星画像の活用。都市内の樹林による熱制御など熱環境の分
析。
同日開催された第 1 回会議では、両機関の研究者が各自の研究についてプレゼンテーションを行いました。UMSS からは、研究所の背景やコチャバンバ市での研究テーマの紹介、ICHARM からは、土砂輸送や水文モデリングなどに関する研究の紹介がありました。
この協定により、水災害に対する
レジリエンスと防災に関する共同研
究の枠組みを確立し、さらには、自然災害に対する回復力を強化するためのツールの開発を進めることで、今後、両機関の協力関係が強化・発展されることとなります。
LHUMSS について
LHUMSS（Mayor de San Simón
大 学 水 理 研 究 室 ) は、1986 年、
UMSS、国営電力会社（ENDE）、ルー
バン・カトリック大学の三者による合意のもと、ボリビア・コチャバン
バ市に設立されました。水資源の持続可能な開発を支援し、科学技術、経済、文化、政治の変化を促進しつ
つ、地域社会の健全な発展を実現することを使命としています。

ICHARM and the Mayor de San Simón University (UMSS) signed a Memorandum ofUnderstanding (MoU) on June 23, 2022, to formalize a cooperation agreement towork on water disaster-related matters concerning both institutions.
The cooperation pact was signed online between Prof. KOIKE Toshio, the executive
director of ICHARM, and Dr. GONZALES Andrés, the director of the Laboratory of
Hydraulics of the UMSS (LHUMSS).
This collaboration aims to strengthen research and development knowledge on
resilience to natural disasters. This joint research framework to study water-related
disasters will encompass four research topics:
1. W ater-related disasters in the Ichilo River in Bolivia, such as flooding, droughts
and sediment transport.
2. Improvement of the Ichilo-Mamoré waterway, aiming at developing a framework
for monitoring the Ichilo River and evaluating dredging works. In addition, thestudy of bank erosion and possible countermeasures is proposed.
3. N atural disaster risk management, aiming to evaluate the effect of forest fires anddeforestation on sediment transport processes and changes in the morphology ofrivers, and their impact on society.
4. C ity planning for natural hazards and risk management. Case study: CochabambaBolivia. In this study, satellite imagery will be used for the assessment of water
risks. In addition, an analysis of the thermal environment, e.g., urban forestry forheat control, is proposed.
During the kick-off meeting, researchers
from both institutions gave presentations
about the important topics on which they
had been working. The researchers fromthe UMSS introduced a brief backgroundabout their institution and shared theirresearch topics developed in the city of
Cochabamba, Bolivia, where the university is located. In the same manner, the The UMSS-ICHARM team during the online ceremony forthe signature of the memorandum of understanding
researchers from ICHARM shared their
UMSS と ICHARM のオンライン署名式の様子
knowledge regarding different topics
such as sediment transport processes andstudies on hydrological and climatological phenomena.
This collaboration will foster the empowerment and development of international
relationships to develop more advanced tools that will help society to strengthen its
resilience to natural disasters.
About LHUMSSThe LHUMSS, located in Cochabamba, Bolivia, was founded in 1986 as a result of an agreement between UMSS, the National Company of Electricity (ENDE), and the Catholic University ofLouvain in Belgium. Their mission is to support the sustainable development of water resources
and facilitate scientific, technological, economic, cultural, and political changes that will, in turn,promote the progress and well-being of the community in general.

(Written by Kattia Rubi ARNEZ FERREL and HARADA Daisuke)

ICHARM Newsletter Volume 17 No. 3・October 2022

4

International Flood Initiative (IFI)International Flood Initiative (IFI)The International Flood Initiative (IFI) is a worldwide framework to promote collaboration in flood management among international organizations such as UNESCO, the World Meteorological Organization (WMO), the United Nations University (UNU) and the United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction (UNDRR).
ICHARM has been its secretariat since the establishment of IFI.

In October 2016, the Jakarta Statement towards an interdisciplinary and transdisciplinary partnership to consolidate flood risk reduction and sustainable development, was adopted by the member organizations of IFI. As part of this effort, thePhilippines, Sri Lanka, Pakistan and Myanmar have already decided to establish a
Platform on Water Resilience and Disasters involving various government agencies, and ICHARM has been supporting their decision as facilitator.
This article reports the AWCI Session prior to the 15th AOGEO Symposium.

国 際 洪 水 イ ニ シ ア テ ィ ブ（International Flood Initiative: IFI） は
ユ ネ ス コ（UNESCO）、 世 界 気 象 機 関（WMO）、 国 連 大 学（UNU）、 国 連 防 災機関（UNDRR）などの国際機関が世界の洪水管理推進のために協力する枠組み
で、ICHARM は、IFI の事務局を担当しています。
2016 年 10 月に承認された「洪水リス
ク軽減と持続可能な開発を強固にするための学際的な協力に向けた宣言文（ジャカルタ宣言）」を受け、各国および関係機関と協働しながら、統合洪水マネジメントに貢献する活動を進めています。特に、フィリピン・スリランカ・パキスタ
ン・ミャンマーにおいては、各国の関係機関による「水のレジリエンスと災害に関するプラットフォーム」の構築に向けた取り組みが始まり、ICHARM はファシ
リテーターとしてその活動の促進を図ってきました。
本号では、第 15 回 AOGEO シンポジ
ウム分科会・アジア水循環イニシアティ
ブ（AWCI）セッションについて報告します。

ICHARM hosted the AWCI Session prior to the 15th AOGEO Symposium
第 15 回 AOGEO シンポジウム分科会・アジア水循環イニシアティブ（AWCI）セッションを開催
The Asian Water Cycle Initiative (AWCI) Session was convened online on September 21,
2022, as a sectional meeting of The 15th Asia-Oceania Group on Earth Observations(AOGEO) Symposium. More than 50 people participated, including relevant stakeholders in the Philippines, Sri Lanka, and Indonesia, UNESCO-IHP, GRIPS, JAXA, GWP,ADB, and ADBI.
In this session, in addition to thereports on IFI platform activities by
individual countries, the participants
shared the latest progress and discussed the direction regarding AWCI
activities towards the United Nations
2023 Water Conference in the context
of the Kumamoto Initiative for Water,
the Kumamoto Declaration, and the
Chair’s Summary, which were adopted
in the 4th Asia Pacific Water Summit,
held on April 2022 in Kumamoto City,
Japan. Moreover, three thematic presentations introduced cutting-edge
research and development cases inscience, governance, and finance.

The participants of the AWCI session
AWCI セッションの参加者

The results of the session were presented at the 15th AOGEO symposium from
September 28 to 30 and included in the statement of the symposium.
https://aogeo15th.com/
The agenda and the presentation files of the meeting are available at the following
address: https://www.pwri.go.jp/icharm/special_topic/20220921_aogeo_awci.html

2022 年 9 月 21 日にアジア・オセ
アニア地域地球観測に関する政府間会 合（AOGEO） の 分 科 会 と し て ア
ジア水循環イニシアティブ（AWCI）
セッションをオンラインで開催し、フィリピン、スリランカ、インドネ
シアの関係機関や UNESCO-IHP、政策研究大学院大学、宇宙航空研究開
発機構、世界水パートナーシップ、
アジア開発銀行、アジア開発銀行研究所等から 50 名以上が参加しました。
同セッションでは、2022 年 4 月に熊本市で開催された第 4 回アジ
ア・太平洋水サミットにおいて採択された「熊本水イニシアティブ」
「熊
、
本宣言」
、「議長サマリー」を受け、各国の IFI プラットフォームのこれまでの活動と 2023 年国連水会議に向けた方向性が共有・議論されました。さらに、テーマ別発表ではサイ
エンス、ガバナンス、ファイナンス
の側面から最先端の研究開発や取り組みが紹介されました。これらの成果は 9 月 28 ～ 30 日に開催された第15 回 AOGEO シンポジウムにおいても紹介されました。
https://aogeo15th.com/
アジェンダ・発表資料等については以下をご参照願います。
https://www.pwri.go.jp/icharm/
special_topic/20220921_aogeo_
awci_j.html(Written by MIYAMOTO Mamoru)

5

ICHARM Newsletter Volume 17 No. 3・October 2022

Research

ResearchResearch trip to Argentine for a SATREPS project
SATREPS アルゼンチン出張報告
SATREPS( 地球規模課題対応国際
科学技術協力プログラム ) アルゼン
チンプロジェクト「気象災害に脆弱な人口密集地域のための数値天気予
報と防災情報提供システム、研究代
表：理化学研究所三好健正主任研究員」において、キックオフミーティ
ングと現地調査のため、令和４年 6月 25 日 か ら 7 月 8 日 の 14 日 間 ア
ルゼンチンに出張しました。このプ
ロジェクトは、今後 5 年間で気象観測システムの高度化、現地観測デー
タを同化した数値予報の開発、水文
予測システムの開発、警戒情報伝達システムの開発などを行い、ブエノ
スアイレス市とコルドバ市の洪水氾
濫多発地域の被害軽減を行います。
我々 ICHARM は水文予測システムの開発を担当します。
洪水予測の対象となる流域として、コルドバ市街地と Suquia 川を含む Suquia – Villa Paez (SVP) 流域、およびブエノスアイレスの Sarandi– Santo Domingo (SSD) 流域を視察しました。コルドバの Suquia 川は
川幅 50m 程度の小さな河川ですが、
年 2 回ほど発生する洪水では大幅に水位が上がり、同時に内水氾濫による水が道路にあふれて水の行き場がなくなり被害が長期化するということでした。上流にある San Roque ダ
ムでは、洪水被害軽減操作を行うことができるのですが、操作規定が無いため所長の判断で操作を行っているということです。今後は気象予測を利用したダム操作を行いたいということでした。ダム上流域の山岳地
帯では、土壌層が非常に薄く、岩盤がしばしば露出しているほどで、降雨後の斜面流出が迅速であると予想されました。また、現地の 3 つの小学校を訪問し、プロジェクトの重要性を伝えました。
2 つ目のブエノスアイレスの SSD
流域は、都市域の小規模な河川流域です。比較的収入の少ない人々が住む地域であるためか、ゴミの投棄が問題となっており、訪問箇所では多数の市職員が重機も用いて河川内の大量のゴミを片付けていました。洪
水時にはこのゴミが川の流れを妨げ、氾濫を増大させているということです。
また、大学の会場でお互いの研究発表を行い、これまでの成果や問題点を共有し、今後のプロジェクト推進に関する目的や手段の意思統一をはかることができました。

An ICHARM research team of Senior Researcher USHIYAMA Tomoki, Researcher
KAKINUMA Daiki, and Research Specialist AIDA Kentaro visited Argentine for 14 days,
from Jun. 25 to Jul. 8, 2022, to attend a kick-off meeting and conduct a field survey.
Both events were planned under the Science and Technology Research Partnershipfor Sustainable Development (SATREPS). The team has been specifically assigned
to the project for numerical weather prediction and warning communication systems for densely-populated, vulnerable cities, led by Principal Investigator MIYOSHI
Takemasa, a senior researcher of RIKEN. This project aimed to mitigate the impact
of flood inundation disasters in two cities, Buenos Aires and Cordoba, by improving
weather observation systems and developing numerical weather prediction systems
with local data assimilation, hydrological forecasting systems, and alert information
dissemination systems for the next five years. ICHARM is expected to contribute todeveloping hydrological forecasting systems.
The research team investigated two target areas: the Suquia-Villa Paez basin including downtown Cordoba and the Suquia River and the Sarandi-Santo Domingo basin
in Buenos Aires. The Suquia River is a small river with a 50 m width, but a significant
water-level rise occurs roughly twice a year and causes flooding. When it happens,
inland flooding coincides in the downtown area near the river. The floodwaters in thearea have no way out to the river, resulting in a long-lasting urban inundation. The
San Roque dam upstream in the Suquia-Villa Paez basin can be operated for flood
mitigation outlet control; however, the head officer operates the dam only using his
own judgments since they have no operation manuals. Thus, they hope to establish
an optimal dam operation based on numerical weather prediction. Investigating thearea upstream of the dam, the team found that the soil layer was quite thin, often
exposing the base rock. This suggests a rapid run-off flow after rainfall. The teamalso had opportunities to visit three local elementary schools and explain the importance of the project.

The field survey in Cordoba’s regularly inundated area
コルドバ市内の氾濫多発地域を視察

A river in Buenos Aires with a lot of garbage
ゴミでいっぱいのブエノスアイレス市内の河川

The Sarandi-Santo Domingo basin is a small urban river basin. In this basin, resided
mainly by relatively lower-income residents, garbage dumping into the river has
been posing a serious problem to flood management. When we visited the area,
many municipal staff members were clearing a huge amount of garbage from theriver, with some even using heavy machinery. The garbage piled up in the river
blocks the water flow, making inundation far worse at the time of flooding.
In the science discussion meeting, the team and local experts shared researchfindings and problems, which helped build a consensus about the purposes andmethods to proceed with the project.
(Written by USHIYAMA Tomoki)

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World Bank project “Capacity Building for Drought Monitoring and Planning inPakistan under Present and Future Climates”
世界銀行プロジェクト 『現在・将来気候におけるパキスタンの干ばつの監視と計画のための能力開発』In the 21st century, agricultural activities havebeen drastically affected by drought disasters inPakistan. To address this issue, the World Bank
commissioned ICHARM to conduct a project,“Capacity Building for Drought Monitoring and
Planning in Pakistan under Present and Future
Climates” in September 2021. ICHARM, in cooperation with the World Bank and the Pakistan
National Drought Monitoring Centre (NDMC),
started the project to strengthen the country’s Figure 1 Online workshop for technical specialists
capacity for drought monitoring, prediction and 図 1 技術専門家に向けたオンラインワーク
ショップ
management. On November 18, 2021, ICHARM
held an online workshop (Figure 1) in which local technical specialists were provided
with lecture on the most advanced comprehensive hydrological prediction, an e-learning program on flood early warning systems, and agricultural drought monitoring andprediction. After sharing the latest science and technology for monitoring and predicting droughts, ICHARM prepared a questionnaire of 17 questions about Pakistan’s
drought management which NDMC distributed to various water-related agencies in
the country. 20 answers were collected from various organizations and sorted out
and analyzed by ICHARM. On May 16, 2022, an online workshop for policy makers
and managers (session 1) was held. Dr. Dushmanta DUTTA (Department of Planningand Environment, New South Wales (NSW) government, Australia) was invited as a
keynote speaker and lectured about the most advanced drought management practiced in NSW, Australia. Session 2 was held on May 23, 2022, by inviting Dr. Valentin
AICH (Senior water and climate specialist in the Global Water Partnership) as keynote
speaker, who lectured on the latest integrated drought management. ICHARM reported the analysis results of the questionnaire and suggested potential strategies andframeworks for strengthening drought management in Pakistan. A striking difference
was found in the question about the evaluation of the nation’s drought management
framework. The demand group (agriculture and irrigation/drainage) answered that theframework is “insufficient” while the supply group (meteorology and disaster management) answered “sufficient”. Dr. Dushmanta explained that key agencies responsiblefor developing and implementing a regulatory framework for water management in
NSW designed a policy approach to formulating water resources strategies. ICHARM
suggested that such water management as practiced in NSW should be a good example to close the gaps in the drought management framework in Pakistan. Furthermore,
ICHARM suggested about the approach to developing a disaster management platform that focus was shifted from “response” to “preparedness and resilience” in theHigh-Level Panel on Water (HLPW)(Figure 2). Given that phrases suchas “foster Facilitators” and “worktogether beyond disciplines andsectors among different levels while
taking an end-to-end approach”
are included in the Chair’s Summaryof the fourth Asia Pacific Water
Summit, ICHARM also suggested
that Pakistan’s drought management
agencies should act as a facilitator to
Figure 2 Development process for a disaster management
improve the drought management
platform that focuses on “preparedness and resilience”
framework in the country by helping 図 2 「備え・回復」に着目した災害管理プラットフォームの開発アプローチ
the gaps to close and the different
sides to join together.
(Written by TSUTSUI Hiroyuki)
7

21 世紀、パキスタンにおける穀物
生 産 は、 深 刻 な 干 ば つ に よ り 大 き な
打 撃 を 受 け ま し た。 こ の 問 題 に 対 処
す る た め に、2021 年 9 月、 世 界 銀 行
は、ICHARM に「現在・将来気候におけるパキスタンの干ばつの監視と計画のための能力開発」プロジェクトを委託しました。ICHARM は、世界銀行とパキスタン国立干ばつ監視セン
ター (NDMC) と協力し、干ばつ監視・予測と管理能力の強化プロジェクトを
開 始 し ま し た。2021 年 11 月 18 日、
ICHARM は、オンラインワークショッ
プ ( 図１) を開催し、現地の技術専門家を対象に、「最先端の包括的な水文学的予測」
・「最先端の早期警報システムに関する e- ラーニング」・「農業的干ばつ監視・予測」に関する講義を提供しました。干ばつ監視・予測のための最先端の科学技術の共有後、ICHARM は、
パキスタンにおける干ばつ管理に関す
る 17 の質問から成るアンケートを準備し、NDMC は、国内の様々な水関連機関に配布しました。様々な組織から
20 の回答が収集され、ICHARM により
整 理・ 分 析 さ れ ま し た。2022 年 5 月
16 日、政策立案者・管理者に向けたオンラインワークショップ ( セッション
1) が開催され、Dr. Dushmanta DUTTA( オーストラリアニューサウスウェー
ルズ (NSW) 州政府計画環境局 ) が基調
講演者として招待され、オーストラリ
ア NSW 州において実践されている最先端の干ばつ管理について講演しました。セッション 2 は、2022 年 5 月 23日に開催され、Dr. Valentin AICH ( 世界水パートナーシップシニア水文・気候
専門家 ) が基調講演者として招待され、最先端の統合干ばつ管理について講演しました。ICHARM は、アンケートの分析結果を報告し、パキスタンにおける干ばつ管理を強化するための戦略・
フレームワークについて提案しました。
国内の干ばつ管理フレームワークの評価に関する質問では、顕著な相違が見られました。需要グループ ( 農業、灌漑・排水 ) は「不十分」と回答し、供給グループ ( 気象、災害管理 ) は「十分」と回答しました。Dr. Dushmanta
は、NSW 州における水管理の規制に関するフレームワーク開発と運用を担当する主要機関が、水資源戦略を開発するための政策アプローチを立案したことを説明しました。ICHARM は、NSW
州において実施されているような水資源管理は、パキスタンの干ばつ管理フ
レームワークのギャップを解消する良い 例 で あ る こ と を 提 案 し ま し た。 ま
た ICHARM は、 水 ハ イ レ ベ ル パ ネ ル(HLPW) において焦点が「対応」から「備え・回復」に移行された災害管理プラッ
トフォームを開発するためのアプロー
チを提案しました ( 図 2)。第 4 回アジア・太平洋水サミットにおける議長総括には、「ファシリテータの育成」と「endto-end アプローチによる様々なレベルの分野・セクターを超えた協力」などが含まれていることから、ICHARM はさらに、パキスタンの干ばつ管理機関
が、ギャップを埋めて様々な側面の協力を援助することにより、国内の干ばつ管理フレームワークを改善するためのファシリテーターとして行動する必要があることを提案しました。

ICHARM Newsletter Volume 17 No. 3・October 2022

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The second e-learning courses of HyDEPP-SATREPS
フィリピン共和国 HyDEPP-SATREPS プロジェクトにおいて第 2 回 e ラーニングを実施
ICHARM で は 2021 年 6 月 3 日 より、フィリピンにおいて JICA・JSTの「地球規模課題対応国際科学技術
協 力 プ ロ グ ラ ム（SATREPS）」 の 研
究プロジェクト「気候変動下での持続的な地域経済発展への政策立案のためのハイブリッド型水災害リスク評価の活用（略称：HyDEPPSATREPS）」を実施しています。このプロジェクトの一環として 2021
年 の 第 1 回 に 続 き、2022 年 7 月
28 日 か ら 8 月 25 日 に 第 2 回 のe ラ ー ニ ン グ を 実 施 し ま し た。 この e ラーニングは 5 か年にわたる
プロジェクトの推進に向けた知識やスキルの共有を目的としたもの
で、現地のプロジェクト参画機関であるフィリピン大学ロスバニョ
ス校（UPLB）、フィリピン大学ディリマン校（UP Diliman）の研究者や学生、連携機関である科学技術省（DOST）所管のフィリピン天文気象庁（PAGASA）やフィリピン火山地
震 研 究 所（PHIVOLCS）、 公 共 事 業
道路省（DPWH）、ラグナ湖開発公社（LLDA）、メトロマニラ開発公社（MMDA）の職員などが参加しました。
第 1 回 目 と 同 様 に、e ラ ー ニ ン
グ の 教 材 は DIAS（Data Integration
and Analysis System） 上 に 開 発さ れ た OSS-SR シ ス テ ム（Online
Synthesis System for Sustainability
and Resilience） に 置 か れ ま し た。
表 1 に 示 す よ う に、 第 2 回 e ラ ー
ニングは 3 つのコースから構成されます。コース 1 はプロジェクトを推進する上で必要な基礎的な講義であり、水文モデルや気候変動の基礎、
洪水ハザードと災害リスク軽減のア
プローチが含まれます。コース 2 は洪水ハザードマッピングとリスク評価に関する演習で、DIAS における
降雨流出氾濫モデル（RRI モデル）を用いた解析やデータ管理、2D お
よび 3D 洪水ハザードマッピング、
ハザードおよびリスク評価が含まれま す。 そ し て コ ー ス 3 は 水 文・ 農
業・経済モデルの講義と演習で、水・エネルギー収支降雨流出氾濫モデル（WEB-RRI モデル）の講義、作物生
育シミュレーションモデル
（SIMRIW)の講義、経済成長予測モデルの講義、
衛星画像解析の演習から成ります。
この e ラーニング実施期間中には、オープニングとクロージングを含む全 4 回のオンラインセッションが開催されました。1 回目は 7 月 28日に開催されたオープニングセッ
ションで、e ラーニング実施にあたってのあいさつとコース 1 の説明が行
われ、89 名が参加しました（図 1）。
2 回目は 8 月 10 日に開催され、コー
ス 1 の Q&A セッションとコース 2
およびコース 3 の紹介が行われ、71名が参加しました。そして、3 回目
は 8 月 18 日に開催され、コース 2
およびコース 3 の Q&A セッションが行われ、63 名が参加しました。4
回目は 8 月 25 日に開催されたクロー
ジングセッションで、46 名が参加

Since June 3, 2021, ICHARM has been leading “The Project for Development of aHybrid Water-Related Disaster Risk Assessment Technology for Sustainable Local
Economic Development Policy under Climate Change in the Republic of the Philippines(HyDEPP)” under the Science and Technology Research Partnership for Sustainable
Development (SATREPS) in the Philippines. As part of the project, ICHARM conducted
the first e-learning program in 2021 and the second program from July 28 to August 25,
2022. These e-learning programs aimed to share the knowledge and skills necessary
to implement the activities of the 5-year-long HyDEPP-SATREPS project. The participants of the second e-learning program were primarily the researchers and studentsof cooperative universities such as the University of Philippines (UP) Los Baños and
UP Diliman and also the officers of cooperative government organizations, such as
the Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration(PAGASA) and the Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology (PHIVOLCS)
under the Department of Science and Technology (DOST), the Department of Public
Works and Highways (DPWH), the Laguna Lake Development Authority (LLDA), andthe Metropolitan Manila Development Authority (MMDA).
For both e-learning programs,
the course materials were madeavailable on the “Online Synthesis
System for Sustainability and
Resilience (OSS-SR),” an online
system developed on the Data
Integration and Analysis System(DIAS). Table 1 shows the detailsof the second e-learning program.
The program consisted of threecourses. Course I provided lectures on basic knowledge needed
to carry out the project, includingones on the basics of hydrological models, climate change, andapproaches to flood hazard anddisaster risk reduction. Course II
Table 1 Details of e-learning courses and lecturers
offered tutorials on flood hazard
表 1 e ラーニングのコースと講義
mapping and risk assessment,
including ones on flood simulation using Rainfall-Runoff-Inundation (RRI) model,
data management on DIAS, 2D and 3D flood hazard mapping, and hazard/risk
assessment. Course III contained lectures and tutorials on hydro-agriculture-economic models, including lectures on an advanced hydrological model such as the
WEB-RRI model, a crop growth simulation model, and an economic model, and atutorial on satellite image analysis.
During the second e-learning program, an online workshop of four sessions, including opening and closing ceremonies, was also held. The first session took place on
July 28, 2022, for the opening ceremony and the introduction of Course I, attended
by 89 participants. Figure 1 shows a group photo of the participants at the opening
session. The second session was held on August 10, attended by 71 participants,
for questions and answers about Course I and the introduction of Courses II and III.
Then, the third session met on August 18, attended by 63 participants, for questions
and answers about Courses II and III. Finally, the closing session was held on August
25 with 46 participants.
The total number of registered participants was 91 for Course I, 89 for Course II, and88 for Course III. After completing the lectures and tutorials, the participants wererequired to take online exams and score at least 80% to pass Courses I and III. To
pass Course II, they needed to submit an assignment report on RRI model simulation

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Figure 1 Group photo of the opening session of the 2nd HyDEPP-SATREPS e-learning program
図 1 第 2 回 HyDEPP-SATREPS e ラーニングのオープニングセッションにおける集合写真

results, including 2D/3D flood hazard mapping and expected disaster situations inthe selected Barangay. At the end of the second e-learning program, 63 participants
completed Course I, and 41 and 53 completed Courses II and III, respectively. Figure
2 compares the number of participants who passed each course in the first programin 2021 and the second program in 2022. Forty participants passed all three courses
in the second program. The certificate of completion for each course was issued at
the closing ceremony on August 25 for those who completed the courses before theclosing session (Photo 1). The certificates were also issued for those who failed tocomplete the courses by August 24, only when they completed them by the second
deadline set on September 12.

Figure 2 Comparison of the number of participants who successfullycompleted each e-learning course in the first e-learning program
held in 2021 and the second e-learning program held in 2022
図 2 2021 年開催の第 1 回 e ラーニングと 2022 年開催の第 2 回
e ラーニングにおける各コース修了者数の比較しました。
この e ラーニングに登録した参加者数は、コース 1 が 91 名、コース
2 が 89 名、 コ ー ス 3 が 88 名 で した。e ラーニングの講義と演習の終了後、参加者にはオンライン試験を受験してもらい、80％以上の正答率を得た参加者はコース 1 とコース 3を修了したとみなされました。また、
コース 2 の修了にあたっては、参加
者は 2D/3D 洪水ハザードマップを含む RRI モデルのシミュレーション
結果と、選択したバランガイにおける予想される災害状況について課題
レポートを提出し、講師から評価を受ける必要がありました。最終的に、
コース 1 の修了者は 63 名、コース
2 の修了者は 41 名、コース 3 の修了者は 53 名となりました。図 2 は2021 年に開催された第 1 回 e ラー
ニングと 2022 年に開催された第 2回 e ラーニングの各コースの修了者数を比較したものです。第 2 回 e ラー
ニングの 3 コースすべてを修了した受講者は 40 名でした。8 月 25 日のクロージングセッションでは、このセッションまでに各コースを修了した参加者に修了証が授与されました（写真 1）。また、2 回目の期限である 9 月 12 日までに各コースを修了した参加者にも修了証が発行されました。
このような e ラーニングは、カウンターパート国の人材育成に貢献す
るものと考えられます。 参加者が水
文学、洪水ハザードマッピング、リ
スク評価の分野における知識と経験を高めるとともに、個人および
HyDEPP-SATREPS プロジェクトの共同研究機関の能力向上を支援することができます。この e ラーニングプ
ログラムで習得した技術や知識は、参加者のキャリアの追求や HyDEPPSATREPS の活動実施に役立てられることが期待されます。

Photo 1 Example of certificate of completion that was issued for those who
successfully completed the courses
写真 1 各コース修了者に授与された修了証書の例

These e-learning training programs have contributed to promoting the capacity
development of future human resources in the counterpart country. Training suchas these helps participants enhance their knowledge and experience in the fields ofhydrology, flood hazard mapping, and risk assessment and support them in building
their individual capacity as well as the capacity of co-research organizations of the
HyDEPP-SATREPS project. The skills and knowledge acquired through the e-learning
programs will be useful for the participants in pursuing their careers and implementing the activities of the project.
(Written by Shrestha Badri Bhakta and NAGUMO Naoko)

9

ICHARM Newsletter Volume 17 No. 3・October 2022

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ICHARM joins advanced studies of climate change prediction「気候変動予測先端研究プログラム」の開始
ICHARM は今年度から、国立大学
法人京都大学等と連携して文部科学
省「気候変動予測先端研究プログラム」に参画し、気候変動に関する研究を継続実施します。
本 プ ロ グ ラ ム は、
「統合的気候モデル高度化研究プログラム」（H29-R3）および「気候変動リスク
情 報 創 生 プ ロ グ ラ ム 」（H24-H28）などによる研究をさらに発展させる
形で実施されます。具体的には、気候変動予測シミュレーション技術の高度化等による将来予測の不確実性の低減や、気候変動メカニズムの解明に関する研究開発、気候予測デー
タの高精度化等からその利活用までを想定した研究開発を一体的に推進することで、気候変動対策（気候変動適応策・脱炭素社会の実現に向けた緩和策）に活用される科学的根拠の創出・提供を目指すこととされています（文部科学省 HP より）。
本プログラムは、4 つの領域課題で構成されており、その中の領域課
題 4「ハザード統合予測モデルの開発」の実施機関（主管機関）に京都大学が決定され、防災研究所が中心となって実施されます。
ICHARM は、そのうちの課題 D.「アジア太平洋地域でのハザードおよびリスク評価と国際協力」において、
フィリピンにおける水循環モデルの構築や、現地の実情に応じたオンラ
イン知の統合システムの構築に着手します。研究活動の進捗については、適宜このニュースレターでも報告します。

ICHARM has participated in advanced studies of climate change prediction, a newresearch program launched in June 2022 by the Ministry of Education, Culture,
Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT) and will continue conducting research on
climate change in collaboration with Kyoto University and other organizations.
MEXT has launched this new research program to step up climate change studies by building on the achievements of the Integrated Research Program for
Advancing Climate Models (2017-2021) and the Program for Risk Information on
Climate Change (2012-2016). Research projects aim to reduce the uncertainty infuture predictions by improving climate-change prediction simulation technologies,
to increase the understanding of the climate change mechanism, and to advancethe integrated research and development of systems for better quality and more
effective use of climate prediction data, thereby creating and providing scientificevidence essential to plan adaptation measures and mitigation measures that help
realize a decarbonized society.
The new program consists of four areas of research. Kyoto University has been
selected as the principal research organization for the development of integrated
hazard prediction models (Research Area No.4), and its Disaster Prevention ResearchInstitute has been playing the leading part in this area.
ICHARM has been assigned to Task D of Research Area No.4 and will be studying
the evaluation of hazards and associated risks in the Asia-Pacific regions and thepromotion of international cooperation in this respect. ICHARM soon begins thedevelopment of a water cycle model in the Philippines and an online knowledge
integration system tailored to their local needs and conditions. The progress of the
program will be reported from time to time in the ICHARM Newsletter.

(Written by KURIBAYASHI Daisuke)

Introduction of ICHARM research projects / 研究紹介
ICHARMは、その使命を果たすた
め、世界及び地域での災害の傾向及び経験と災害対応に関する地域のニー
ズ、重要課題、開発段階等を踏まえつ
つ、自然、社会及び文化といった地域の多様性を考慮する原則というローカ
リズムを念頭に、研究、能力育成及び情報ネットワーク構築の 3本柱を有機的に連携させて、現地実践活動を実施
しています。
そのうち、研究としては(1) 水災害データの収集、保存、共有、統計化(2) 水災害リスクのアセスメント(3) 水災害リスクの変化のモニタリン
グと予測(4) 水災害リスク軽減の政策事例の提示、評価と適用支援(5) 防災・減災の実践力の向上支援の5つの柱のもと、革新的な研究活動を行っています。
本号では、内藤健介研究員の「アンデスの川を測る」を紹介します。

ICHARM sets three principal areas of activity: research, capacity building, and information
network. It plans and implements projects in these areas in order to fulfill its mission, always
keeping in mind “localism”, a principle with which we respect local diversity of natural, socialand cultural conditions, being sensitive to local needs, priorities, development stage, etc.,
within the context of global and regional experiences and trends of disasters.
At present, ICHARM conducts innovative research in the following five major areas:(1) Data collection, storage, sharing, and statistics on water related disasters(2) Risk assessment on water related disasters(3) Monitoring and prediction of changes in water related disaster risk(4) Proposal, evaluation and application of policy ideas for water related disaster risk
reduction(5) Support in constructing the applicability of water-related disaster management
This issue introduces a researcher as listed below:
NAITO Kensuke, Researcher

Unveiling rivers in the Peruvian AndesICHARM Newsletter Volume 17 No. 3・October 2022

10

Research

Unveiling rivers in the Peruvian Andes
アンデスの川を測る
NAITO Kensuke, Researcher
内藤健介

研究員

1. Introduction

In this article, I would like to share
my experiences in conducting
measurements in the Peruvian
Andes, where I worked before
joining ICHARM in April 2021. In
the Amazon River Basin, which is
known as one of the largests interms of size and water discharge,
the Andes occupies only 14% of
the area. However, more than 90%
of sediment discharged to the
Atlantic Ocean is yielded in theAndes (e.g., Goulding et al., 2003).
The active technic uplift, highslopes, and heavy seasonal rains
create this highly erosive settingin the Andes. In fact, there are acountless of landslides and debris
flows occur in the area, particularly during a rainy season, which is
between December to March, andchannels are filled with sediment(Figure 1b, c).

Figure 1 (a) Location of the Marañón River, the Huallaga River,and the Amazon River. Orange color indicates the Andean partof the river. (b) A picture of the highly erosive mountains that arefound at the elevation of 3,000m near the Huallaga River (c) A
picture of the Maranon River at the elevation of 1,000m
図 1 (a) Marañón 川、Huallaga 川、Amazon 川の地図。オレン
ジ色は Andes 山脈を流れる部分を示す。(b) 標高約 3,000m での Huallaga 川周辺の浸食の激しい山々 (c) 標高約 1,000m のMarañón 川

In recent years, the Andean Rivers have seen rapidly increasing number of dam
constructions. Currently 142 dams are either under operation or construction, and
160 more dams are under planning in the Andean area of the Amazon River Basin(Latrubesse et al., 2017). The problem is that these plannings do not involve careful
field measurements, making it difficult to conduct an accurate environmental impact
assessment. This is due partly to lack of a methodology to characterize a river suchas ones flowing in the Andes. Given this background, my colleagues and I conducteda series of work aiming to develop a comprehensive methodology to produce baseline information on the geomorphological characteristics of the Peruvian Andeanrivers. The methodology included the use of i) direct field measurement, ii) CCTV
cameras and satellite images for continuous monitoring, iii) UAVs (drones) for developing a topographic map, and iv) numerical models (Photo 1).

Photo 1 Examples of schemes that we implemented for the comprehensive measurement
and monitoring of the Andean Rivers (a) Direct measurement using a current meter and (b)continuous monitoring using a CCTV camera
写真 1 アンデス河川の観測とモニタリングに用いた手法の例 (a) 流速計を用いた計
測と (b) CCTV カメラを用いたモニタリング

This article presents a methodology that we implemented to measure sedimenttransport in the headwater of the Huallaga River, a Peruvian Andean River. It is one
11

1. はじめに本 記 事 で は、2021 年 4 月 にICHARM に入る以前に、ペルーのアンデス山脈で河川の観測を行った際の経験を紹介します。世界最大級であるアマゾン川流域において、アンデス山脈が占める面積は約 14% であるのに対し、海に到達する土砂の実に 90％近くはアンデス山脈で生産されています。
（例えば Goulding
et al., 2003 年）。活発な隆起、
急傾斜、および激しい季節的降雨がアンデス山脈における侵食の激しい環境を作り出しています。実際に 12 月から
3 月の雨季には土砂崩れや土石流が数えきれないほど発生し、また、流路は大量の土砂で埋め尽くされています（図 1b、c）。
近年、アンデス山脈を流れる河川（ここではアンデス河川と呼ぶ）ではダム建設が急増しています。現在
アマゾン川流域に属するアンデス河川だけでも 142 のダムが操業中もしくは建設中であり、さらに 160 のダ
ム が 計 画 中 で す（Latrubesse et al.
2017）。問題は、これらの計画では入念な現地観測が行われていないた
め、正確な環境影響評価を行うことが困難な点です。これは、アンデス
山脈のような大山脈を流れる河川形
態の特性を把握するための手法が確立されていないことも一因です。このような背景から、ペルーのアンデス河川の河川形態に関する基礎的情報を作成するための包括的な手法を開発することを目的とした研究を行いました。この手法には、i) 現地での直接測定、ii) CCTV カメラと衛星画像による継続的モニタリング、iii)
UAV（ドローン）による地形図の作成、iv) 数値モデルの利用が含まれています（写真 1）。
本稿では、ペルーのアンデス山脈
を流れる Huallaga（ウアジャガ）川の源流域における土砂輸送を測定す
るために我々が実施した手法を紹介
し ま す。Huallaga 川 は、 後 に ア マ
ゾ ン 川 と な る Marañón（ マ ラ ニ ョン）川の主要な支流の 1 つです（図1a）。
2. 土砂流量観測
土砂輸送の評価も、アンデス河川の特徴を明らかにするために重要な課題でした。アンデス山脈のような山岳地帯では、主な土砂輸送形態は、
大小さまざまな礫が川床で回転、滑動、躍動することにより移動する
ベッドロードです。対象河川において は、Helly-Smith 型 サ ン プ ラ ー を用いた従来のベッドロード計測手法
は、河床材料の大きさや川底へのア
クセスの困難さから、適用不可能でした。また、小規模な源流域の土砂輸送研究に一般的に適用されている

ICHARM Newsletter Volume 17 No. 3・October 2022

Research
電波発信器型土砂トレーサーの使用も不可能でした。
そ こ で、Toniolo（2020） に よ って 近 年 提 案 さ れ た 手 法 を 導 入 し、
ベッドロードの定量化を試みました。この手法は、河床流下方向に体積が既知の溝を掘り、地形測量を繰り返すことで体積の時間変化を明らかにし、溝に捕捉された土砂を定量化するものです。2019 年 10 月（乾季の低水量時）に重機で溝を作り、
RTK-GPS 測量で溝の地形測量を行いました（写真 2）。掘った溝の中には、長さ約 20 メートル、幅約 5 メートル、深さ約 3 メートル（= 300m3）と非常に大きなものもありました。なお、河床を掘った際に採取した土砂は、
河床材料の粒径分布把握に用いられました。粒度分布の算出には、河床材料の写真と物体検出アルゴリズムを利用したデジタル光学式粒度分布
測定法という手法を導入しました。
その後、定期的な地形測量を行う
予定でしたが、COVID-19 をとりま
く社会情勢により、残念ながら掘った溝の地形変化を行うことができず、1 年 後 の 2021 年 11 月 に 再 び
現場に戻った時には、すでにいずれの溝も土砂で完全に埋まっていました。しかしながら土砂輸送量の定量化には至らなかったものの、いかに大量の土砂が輸送されているかを実感するとともに、アンデス河川の土砂輸送量定量化の手法としては有用であるという手応えを得ることができました。
3. おわりに
私のペルー滞在は、当初目標としていたアンデス河川における河川形
態の特性把握のための手法開発の達成を見ることなく終了してしまいま
した。しかし、私たちの活動は、ア
ンデス河川における土砂輸送の重要性に対する認識を高めることに貢献したと信じています。実施した手法の一部は、ペルーにおけるアンデス
河川の河道形態特性の手法に関する
文 書（UTEC-CITA, 2021） に ま と められているので、興味がある方はご参照下さい。なお、これらの観測は
現地河川管理者の許可を得たうえで行いました。

of the major tributaries to the Marañón River, which later becomes the Amazon River(Figure 1a).
2. Measuring sediment transport rate

Evaluating the sediment transport was one of the most crucial tasks to characterize the geomorphological features of the Andean rivers. In mountain areas like theAndes, the principal mode of sediment transport is bedload, in which large gravels
and boulders roll, slide and jump on the riverbed. Conventional bedload measurement methodologies, such as using Helly-Smith type samplers, were not applicableto the target rivers due to sediment size and limited access to the rivers during highflow events, during which the bedload transport is the most active. Given the scaleof the rivers, radio transmitter sediment tracers, which are typically used in sedimenttransport studies in small headwater streams, were not suitable for this case, either.
Therefore, we selected a recently-developed robust technique by Toniolo (2020) to
quantify the bedload transport. This technique involves digging a trench of a known
dimension and volume in the riverbed. Repeated topography surveys can revealchanges in volume, making it possible to quantify the sediment captured in the
trench. In October 2019, which corresponds to a dry and low-flow season, we firstcreated a series of trenches with a heavy machine. The bathymetry of these trenches
was then surveyed using an RTK-GPS (Photo 2). Some trench was as large as 20m
long, 5m wide, and 3m deep (thus 300 m3 volume). Excavated bed materials werealso analyzed to quantify the size distribution of the bed material. To do so we
implemented a methodology named digital optical granulometry technique, which
utilizes object-detect algorithm.

Photo 2 Making a trench with a heavy machine (a) and conducting a topographic survey of the trench (b)写真 2 重機で川底に溝を掘っている様子（a）と溝の地形測量を行っている様子（b）

Unfortunately, the COVID-19 situation prevented us from continuing the bathymetry
survey. By the time we went back to the site after more than one year in November
2021, the trench had already been filled with sediment. Although the bedload transport was not characterized quantitatively, this taught us how much sediment the
Andean rivers are transporting. Moreover, we were confident that this methodology
could be utilized for the characterization of the bedload transport in the Andeanrivers.
3. Summary

My time in Peru ended without seeing the end of our study to develop a seriesof methodology to characterize geomorphological features of the Andean Rivers.
However, I believe that our activities have contributed to rising awareness ofimportance of sediment transport in characterizing a river, particularly in the caseof Andean Rivers. Some of the techniques that we employed are summarized in adocument as the recommended techniques to characterize the geomorphologicalfeatures of the Andean rivers (UTEC-CITA, 2021). It should lastly be noted that thesemeasurements were conducted with permission from local authorities.
References
Goulding, M., Barthem, R. & Ferreira, E. (2003). The Smithsonian Atlas of the Amazon. Washington, DC:
Smithsonian Press.
Latrubesse, E. M., Arima, E. Y., Dunne, T., Park, E., Baker, V. R., d’Horta, F. M., ... & Ribas, C. C. (2017). Damming
the rivers of the Amazon basin. Nature, 546(7658), 363-369.
Toniolo, H. (2020). Bed-Sediment Transport Conditions Along the Sagavanirktok River in Northern Alaska,
USA. Water, 12(3), 774.
UTEC-CITA (2021). RECOMENDACIONES TÉCNICAS PARA LOS TÉRMINOS DE REFERENCIA DE ESTUDIOSAMBIENTALES DE CENTRALES HIDROELÉCTRICAS, https://www.dancingrivers.com/publicaciones.

ICHARM Newsletter Volume 17 No. 3・October 2022

12

Training & Education

Training & Education

https://facebook.com/
icharmtrainingcourse/

Educational program updates
修士課程研修 活動報告

Since 2007, ICHARM, in cooperation with the Japan International Cooperation
Agency (JICA) and the National Graduate Institute for Policy Studies (GRIPS), hasbeen offering a master’s degree training course, designed for mainly foreign government officers to obtain a degree in one year. The students attend lectures andexercises in the first half from October to March and work on their theses in thesecond half from April to August.
In this issue, ICHARM introduce some of the various events that took place after
completing their master’s thesis and before graduation.
【Joint study trip with IISEE students, August 29-30】

ICHARM では 2007 年以降、国際協力機構 (JICA)、政策研究大学院大学 (GRIPS) と連携し、主に外国人行
政職員を対象として、1 年間で学位を取得できる修士課程研修コースを設けています。例年、10 月から翌年3 月までの 6 カ月は主に講義や演習が行われ、4 月から 8 月にかけて学
生は論文執筆に取り組みます。
今回は、学生の論文提出後、学位を授与するまでに実施された様々なイ
ベントのうち、いくつかについて、紹介します。

The students studying at ICHARM took an overnight joint study trip with the stu- 【建築研究所国際地震工学センター
dents of the International Institute of Seismology and Earthquake Engineering (IISEE) との 1 泊 2 日の 合 同 視 察 8 月 29of the Building Research Institute (BRI). The event was the first of its kind that ICHARM 日～ 30 日】
学生は、建築研究所国際地震工学
had ever carried out for its master’s program students. The destinations were selectセンター (IISEE) の学生と一緒に、両ed to be beneficial for both groups of students.
学生が共通して学べる視察箇所を訪れる機会を得ました。宿泊を伴った合同視察は、本コースにおいて初めて実施されました。

Life Safety Learning Center, Tokyo Fire Department, August 29

The first destination was the Life Safety Learning Center, managed by the Tokyo Fire
Department. The students were divided into three groups to go through individual （東京消防庁本所防災館視察 ８月２９日）
booths. They watched a video explaining past earthquakes in Japan and their impact
まず、東京消防庁管轄の本所防災
on people and the role of the fire department in saving lives during those events. 館を訪問しました。学生は、3 つのThen, they experienced how difficult it would be to open a car or room door against グループに分かれてそれぞれのブース
water pressure during flooding. They learned that it would be very difficult when the を体験しました。まず、過去の震災とそれが日本人に与えた影響、これ
water is only 30 cm deep and almost impossible when 60 cm deep, which means that らの出来事の際に人命を救う消防の
one would be trapped in a car, for example. This experience taught them the true 役割についての説明ビデオを見た後、meaning of 30 or 60 cm of water depth, which would otherwise tend to be reduced 水圧によって、部屋や自動車のドアが開かなくなるというシミュレータを
to the mere numbers resulting from runoff inundation simulation.
体験しました。水深が 30 ｃｍでもかAfter experiencing other activities, such as a fire drill
and fire evacuation simulators, they also experienced earthquakes of different Japanese intensity
scales of 4 to 7, which simulated the Great HanshinAwaji Earthquake and other strong earthquakes. All
this made the students realize again the importanceof the disaster prevention response provided by thefire department and the usefulness of simulated
experiences to educate the public about disasterprevention awareness on a daily basis.

なり力が必要で、60 ｃｍになるとほとんどドアが開けられず、自動車から脱出できないということで、学生は流出氾濫シミュレーションによる浸水深の計算結果を、身をもって体感しているようでした。

Water Pressure experience
水圧体験の様子

Yamba Dam and Tomioka Silk Mill, August 30
The second destination was the Yamba Dam in
Gunma Prefecture. They first visited its management
office and listened to the engineering deputy director of the Tone River Dams Integrated Control Office,who spoke about the history, construction, andimportance of the Yamba Dam to the people in thearea. They also had an opportunity to take a close
look at the top and bottom of the dam body andstudy the structure of the dam.

その他、消火訓練や火災時の煙からの避難訓練シミュレータの体験のあと、最後に、地震体験室を訪れ、参加者全員が交代で震度４から震度７まで、及び阪神淡路大震災等複数の実際の過去の地震波形を再現した
揺れを体験しました。消防署が提供する防災対応の重要性がより明確になり、また、日ごろから市民にむけて防災への啓発を行うための疑似的体験の重要性を学ぶことができました。

（八ッ場ダムと富岡製糸場視察 ８月３０日）

At the Yamba Dam
八ッ場ダム前にて

The Yamba Dam is a concrete gravity dam with a height of 116m and a crest lengthof 290.8m, collecting water from a catchment area of about 711.4km2. Among thedams in the upper Tone River area, the Yamba Dam plays a vital role in preventing
disaster damage in times of floods and heavy rainfalls caused by typhoons and13

次の日は、群馬県の八ッ場ダム管
理支所を訪れました。初めに利根川ダム統合管理事務所副所長よりダムの歴史や建設、地域の人々にとっての重要性についてレクチャーを受けました。その後、八ッ場ダム堤頂部と堤体の内部及び下部を見学し、ダムの構造を間近で見る機会を得ました。
八ッ場ダムは、約 711.4km2 の集水
域 に、 堤 高 116m、 堤 頂 長 290.8mのコンクリート重力式ダムであり、利ICHARM Newsletter Volume 17 No. 3・October 2022

Training & Education
根川上流域のダムの一つとして、洪水や台風による大雨の際の防災対策や、群馬県をはじめとする下流県に最大約 22.209m3/s の都市用水を供給する役 割を担っています。 また、発電施設も併せ持ち、下流河川の流水の正常な機能を維持するための容量も確保しているダムでもあります。
建設には約 68 年もの歳月をかけて完成したことに、学生からは建設期間の長さに驚きの声が上がっていました。またその美しさから、群馬県
ではダムや周辺の観光地を訪れる人が多く、観光の面でも注目されています。
その後、群馬県の世界遺産である
富岡製糸場を訪れ、学生は地元の英語ガイドの案内で主要スポットを巡り、歴史的・文化的背景の説明を受けました。
日本は長い鎖国のあとの主要輸出
産業は生糸でした。しかし、生糸の生産は特に女性工員に過酷な作業を強いるものでした。明治政府は、生糸の品質向上、生産量の増加、技術指導者の養成、そして、特に女性工員が安全、安心に従事できるよう様々な工夫をこらした西洋式製糸機を備えた全国模範工場として 1872 年に
富岡製糸場の設立を決定しました。
学生は、発展途上にあった日本において、労働環境の改善を考えていた
日本政府の先進性に深い感銘を受けていたようでした。
【PCM フォローアップ研修 ９月６日
～７日】
9 月 6 日、7 日と２日間に渡り、学生 は 1 月に実 施した「Project Cycle
Management」（PCM）
研修のフォロー
アップ研修に参加しました。同じく専門のモデレーターのもと、本ワーク
ショップを同一コースにおいて２回実施したのは、今回が初めてでした。
事 前 に 小 池 俊 雄 セ ン ター 長 より、質の高いプロジェクト立案の動機 付けに繋がる講 義が 行われ、また、 個 人作 業においては各 学 生のSupervisor も参加し、本研修のアウトプットであるプロジェクト計画概要
表「Project Design Matrix」（PDM）の作成に技術的な観点からアドバイスを行うともに、各学生は、グルー
プディスカッションやプレゼンテー
ション に お いて、 自 身 が 作 成したPDM をもとに、活発な議論や意見交換を交わしました。
【植樹セレモニー ９月９日】
例年この時期に実施している植樹
セレモニーを行いました。学生は、彼らの桜の木の前で、江頭進治研究・研修指導監より植樹の意義について、
次のような話を受けました。
「記念植樹は、古くから山地を保全
し洪水災害の防止を祈念し、あるいはお祝い事を記念し、あるいはまた
建設工事等が安全に運ぶことを願う行事として行われております。日本人は満開の桜が大好きであり、桜はお祝い事を記念してよく用いられます。
皆様の桜は、修士号の取得をお祝いするとともに、皆さんが ICHARM に再訪されたとき、この場において記憶をたどり、桜と語らい友を思う桜
でもあります。」

supplying water up to about 22.209m3/s for Gunma
Prefecture and other downstream prefectures. The
dam is also used to generate electricity and maintain the normal flow and functions of the downstream
rivers. Learning that it took 68 years to build thedam, students were very surprised. Today, the dam
even contributes to promoting tourism for Gunma
Prefecture; many people attracted by its beauty
travel to the dam and its surrounding tourist spots.

At the Tomioka Silk Mill
富岡製糸場にてAfter the Yamba Dam, the students visited the Tomioka Silk Mill, a world heritage, inGunma Prefecture. Local English-speaking guides showed them around the main
spots at the site while explaining its historical and cultural backgrounds.
After its long isolation from foreign countries, Japan’s main export was raw silk.
However, raw silk production was painfully hard work for female workers. The government of the time decided to build a mill in Tomioka in 1872 as a model factoryequipped with Western silk-reeling machines to produce quality raw silk, increase
productivity, and ensure the safety of workers, especially female ones. The plan was
also aimed at training technical supervisors. The students were deeply impressed by
the Japanese government’s forward-looking approach to improving the working
environment, though the country was still at the very early stage of modernization.
【PCM Follow-up Training, September 6-7】
The students participated in a two-day follow-up training of the Project Cycle
Management (PCM), which was conducted by the same expert moderators as thosein the first training in January 2022. The ICHARM master’s program held the PCM
training twice in one program year for the first time.
In advance of the training, Prof. KOIKE Toshio, theexecutive director of ICHARM, gave a lecture inorder to motivate the students to plan high-quality
projects. Supervisors also joined their students inworking on their individual work, providing technical advice for creating a quality Project Design
Matrix (PDM), an outline of the action plan, which
the students were assigned to produce as the output
Individual work with supervisors
Supervisor との個別作業
of the training. In the group discussions and presentations, the students engaged in lively discussions
and exchanged ideas and opinions based on the PDMs they created.
【Commemorative tree planting ceremony, September 9】
A tree planting ceremony was held before graduation, as usual. In front of the student’s sakura tree, Training Advisor EGASHIRA Shinji told them what it means toplant a tree together:“Japan has a long history of tree planting. We
plant trees for various reasons: to conserve
mountains and prevent flood disasters, celebratea specific occasion, or pray for construction andother projects to end safely. Japanese people
love to see sakura, or cherry blossoms, in fullbloom, so sakura trees are very popular for thiskind of ceremony, especially when celebrating
In front of their Sakura treesomething happy. Today, we plant a sakura tree
桜の木の前で
to congratulate you on earning a master’s
degree. The sakura tree we plant today is also for you to remember the days you
spent here at ICHARM. In the future, when you have a chance to come back to
ICHARM, talk to the sakura tree and think about the friends you studied together.”

ICHARM Newsletter Volume 17 No. 3・October 2022

(Written by MIYAZAKI Ryosuke)
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Training & Education

Graduation Ceremony of the 15th ICHARM master’s program
Prior to the graduation ceremony, the closing ceremony of the 15th ICHARM master’s program,“Water-related Disaster Management Course ofDisaster Management Policy Program,” was held at
JICA Tsukuba Center on September 13, 2022. Thirteen
students from eight countries, i.e., one each from thePhilippines, Malawi, Nepal, Bhutan, and Indonesia,
two each from Bangladesh and Malaysia, and three
from Sri Lanka, graduated from the program and thendeparted from Japan to their home countries. This
one-year master’s course program, operated by
At JICA Closing Ceremony
ICHARM and GRIPS with support from JICA, is designed
primarily for those who hold a bachelor’s degree and have work experience related to water or river management atgovernment organizations in their countries.
JICA Tsukuba Director General MUTSUYOSHI Emiko and ICHARM Executive
Director KOIKE Toshio made a congratulatory speech. GRIPS Professor
SUGAHARA Masaru also made a speech online. Mr. CABRAL Erwin Rafael ofthe Philippines spoke in return on behalf of the students. In the ceremony,
the Best Research Award was presented to Mr. ALAM Md Shariful of
Bangladesh and Ms. Siti Adabiyah Binti SULAIMAN of Malaysia this year. The
award was given by ICHARM and GRIPS to praise them for their excellent
research work and academic performance. The Sontoku Award was presented to Mr. HAFIZH Abdul of Indonesia. This award is given every year by
ICHARM to a student selected by their fellow trainees for their outstanding
contribution to the class throughout the program.
For the first time in the last three years, the graduation ceremony was heldin person at GRIPS on September 14, 2022. Unfortunately, on behalf of the
ICHARM education team, only the executive director attended the ceremony due to the continuing alert on the COVID-19 spread in Japan. The master’s
students had an opportunity to wear a graduation gown and hat in advanceof the ceremony and have memorial photos with GRIPS Prof. SUGAHARA
Masaru and Prof. HIBINO Naohiko, as well as with IISEE students, in front of
the main gate. GRIPS awarded a master’s degree in disaster management to
all 13 students of the 15th master’s program in the ceremony. GRIPS alsopresented the prestigious Dean’s Award to Mr. Hasan Md Khairul(Bangladesh) for his outstanding academic performance and excellent
research work. All the staff at ICHARM pray for the future success of the 13
graduates in their countries.

A certificate was presented by Ms. MUTSUYOSHI
Emiko, Director General of JICA Tsukuba

The Dean’s Award was presented to Mr. Hasan Md
Khairul (Bangladesh) at GRIPS (right side)

In front of the main gate of GRIPS(Written by Mohamed Rasmy Abdul Wahid)
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Outline of the Master’s thesis and comment for the course by each student
修士論文の概要と研修生からのコメント

以下では、修士学生13名がこの1年間で完成させた修士論文の概要と、コース全体の感想についてご紹介します。

This section shows the abstracts of the master’s theses of the 13 students who
graduated in September this year and their comments on the ICHARM master’s course,
in which they studied for a year.

NUMERICAL STUDY TO PREDICT SEDIMENT RUNOFF PROCESS IN THE
MATAMUHURI RIVER BASIN, BANGLADESH
ALAM Md Shariful, from Bangladesh

Downstream of the Matamuhuri River basin is currently experiencing river
bed erosion, bank line shifting, siltation, and flooding due to a huge onrush
of sediment-laden water during the monsoon. The present study focuses on
prediction of sediment runoff processes in the Matamuhuri Basin using therainfall runoff inundation model-based sediment transport model called
rainfall sediment runoff. The model evaluates the basin-scale sediment production, transportation, bed variation, and sediment sorting. The study basin
was simulated for a seven-month wet-dry period in 2020. The model predicted high sediment deposition in the middle part of the basin, where themain channel is flat and has a low sediment carrying capacity. The tributaries
and upstream reaches with high slope gradients produce a lot of sediment,
among them, three tributaries have higher sediment production (approximately 40% of total) than other tributaries, which implies the effectiveness ofcheck dams for these tributaries. The model also predicts the amount ofchange in bed erosion at the tributary and deposition at the main channel
that can occur if the countermeasures are implemented.
Keywords: Sediment production, Sediment transport, Bed Erosion, Deposition,
Countermeasure

Bed Variation

I am Md Shariful Alam from Bangladesh. Bangladesh Water Development Board (BWDB), where I work as a subdivisional engineer since 2014, is responsible to protect people from water-related disasters by constructing hydraulic structures. We also ensure that crops are protected from flooding, prevent saline water intrusion, and enablesurface water irrigation. ICHARM is a great place to pursue a Master’s Degree in water-related disaster and risk
reduction. I consider myself fortunate to have the opportunity to learn from the professors and researchers at
ICHARM. In my opinion, this master’s course is well designed with respect to the time frame. In addition to the theoretical courses, my thesis work helps me understating how to think deeply on basin scale problem analysis, especiallyon sediment-related problems. This course helps improve my analytical ability to address hydro-morphological issues
in our country. I highly appreciate the detailed and profound knowledge. I also appreciate the teaching techniques of
the teachers of ICHARM as well as their continuous cooperation and inspiration.
We were successful in finishing the thesis works on time. Throughmy organization, I intend to apply the knowledge I’ve learned forthe benefit of my nation. I highly recommend government officials
and students to take this one-year DMP course; they will understand how practical, usefully diverse, and different it is from theusual university courses. I extend my gratitude to ICHARM, GRIPS,
and JICA for this invaluable opportunity.

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DEVELOPMENT OF AN INTEGRATED WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT
PLAN FOR THE SANGU RIVER BASIN UNDER CLIMATE CHANGE
Hasan Md Khairul, from Bangladesh

The Sangu river basin contributes to national economy significantly, however, exposures to waterrelated hazards frequently. It is expected thatwater-related disasters will be increased in manifoldin the future due to accelerated water cycle by global
warming, rapid basin development, and lack of evident-based information for policy making that will
hamper the sustainable development of the region.
Accordingly, this study investigated an end-to-end
approach (i.e. scientific, engineering and economic
analyses) to develop an Integrated Water Resources
Management (IWRM) plan and to increase the confidence level in decision-making under climatechange in the basin. This study scientifically selected
five Global Climate models (GCMs) to include themodel climate sensitivity and statistically bias-corrected their outputs to reduce biases from coarse
Methodology
resolutions. The analysis of the GCMs indicated thatmonsoon rainfall will increase in the future. The extreme rainfall events and drought will be more severe and frequentin the future. The Water and Energy Budget based Rainfall-Runoff-Inundation (WEB-RRI) model was used to simulatehydrological responses of the basin under changing climate. The model outputs indicated that annual daily maximum
discharge, mean monthly discharge during monsoon and high flow will increase in the future, whereas annual daily
minimum discharge and low flow will decrease. These results indicate more frequent and intensified floods anddroughts in the future. To mitigate these identified water-related disasters and to maximize the water usage underclimate change, several countermeasures has been investigated in this study. The proposal of river capacity enhancement can reduce the future floods and the dam can increase the agricultural productivity. Finally, Pressure and Release(PAR) model was used to develop disaster risk reduction policies in this basin.
Keywords: climate change, GCMs, RCP8.5, WEB-RRI model, flood and drought
To prevent new and reduce existing risks, the Government of Bangladesh recognizes the seven global targets of the
Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction (SFDRR) and has formulated a comprehensive development plan, theBangladesh Delta Plan (BDP-2100), focusing on economic growth, environmental conservation, and enhanced climate
resilience. According to the Standing Orders on Disaster (SOD), the Bangladesh Water Development Board (BWDB),
where I work as a sub-divisional engineer, has the responsibility for disaster risk reduction and emergency response.
For the successful implementation of BDP-2100 and to properly follow the SOD, it is vital to develop harmony
between local practices, and advanced knowledge, tools and technologies. ICHARM is a great place with the availability of advanced knowledge, tools and technologies. Pursuing a Master’s degree here in ICHARM is a great opportunity
for me to learn about advanced models and technologies. The course content is well designed and the experienced
professors and researchers make the course more beneficial for us. The knowledge we acquired here will help us toanalyze the disaster risk and how to prevent new and reduce the existing risk.
In my research work, I used advanced tools (DIAS) and models (WEB-RRI) to understand the disaster risk underchanging climate and proposed countermeasures to reduce the risk by using an end-to-end approach in the Sangu
river basin. To lessen disaster risk, we can use a similar approach in other basins.
I would like to take this opportunity to express my gratitude to
my supervisors and researchers for their continuous support andencouragement to successfully complete the degree. The knowledge I learned from ICHARM is invaluable. I suggest all government officials and students to pursue higher studies fromICHARM, as ICHARM has high-quality researchers and advanced
tools and technologies.
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ASSESSMENT OF CLIMATE CHANGE IMPACTS ON EXTREME FLOODS IN
THE CHAMKHARCHU SUB-BASIN, BHUTAN
Megnath Neopaney, from Bhutan

The Chamkharchu sub-basin is located in the northcentral region of Bhutan. It is highly vulnerable tohydro-meteorological hazards owing to variations inrainfall patterns triggered by climate change and has
experienced floods. Socio-economic activities, infrastructure, and settlements are located along the flood
plain, and lack of investment in scientifically designed
flood protection measures along vulnerable areas could
aggravate future flood risk. This study assessed theimpact of climate change on extreme floods along the
Chamkharchu River using recent advances in scienceand technology, including general circulation models(GCMs), considering the RCP8.5, scenario and rainfallrunoff-inundation (RRI) model for hydrological simulations. All selected GCMs projected an increase in
extreme daily rainfall between 10% and 60%, inundation extent by 30%, and inundation depth by more than
Methodology
double, with an increase in the number of affectedhouses and population in the near future. This indicatesthat water resource sectors would be beneficial simultaneously, and there will be increased flood risk in human settlement areas, especially Choekhor Gewog (Chamkhar town).To overcome these effects, inundation maps were prepared for 100-year return period design floods and the number of likely affected houses and population were
investigated, and two types of climate change adaptation measures were designed and estimated. Additionally, nonstructural measures are recommended for effective flood management and decision-making.
Keywords: climate change, rainfall, return period, inundation, floodFirstly, I would like to express my sincere gratitude to the Royal Government of Bhutan,
JICA, ICHARM and GRIPS for nominating and selecting me to pursue this prestigious Master’s
Degree on “Disaster Management“during this difficult times of COVID-19 pandemic. It waspossible to complete this program without any difficulties due to the efforts of the committed professors and staffs of the ICHARM and GRIPS.
During my study in ICHARM, I carried out research titled “Assessment of
Climate Change Impacts on Extreme Floods” in Chamkharchu Sub-Basin, Bhutan.
The research was carried out to address scientific, engineering and policy challenges for climate change in the basin. The study assessed the climate change
impacts by incorporating the recent advancements in science and technology
tools and models. DIAS, CMIP5 platform was used to select GCMs and the RRI
model to simulate the basin-scale hydrological response under climate change.
The climate change impact assessment showed an increased flood risk in thebasin in particular Chamkhar area. All GCMs predicted an increase in extreme rainfall, inundation extent, inundation
depth, affected houses and population in the near future due to climate change. The outputs of this research willcontribute to the evidence-based decision making process for the government in the basin scale. Besides theresearch works in ICHARM, we got lots of opportunities to visit several river basins in Japan and learnt Japaneseexperiences in disaster mitigation and various river engineering and management in Japan that are utmost beneficial
for me and my department in the future.
The environment is very conducive for learning with qualified professors and researchers in the ICHARM. I highly
recommend government officials to apply for this DMP course. We will be equipped with the theoretical, practicaland research works in the ICHARM.
Lastly, I would like to extent my sincere gratitude to my supervisors and professors for their endless efforts fordissemination of their knowledge and skills.
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ASSESSMENT OF FLOOD RISK AND IMPACT BASED EARLY WARNINGSYSTEM IN THE CIDURIAN RIVER BASIN, INDONESIAHAFIZH Abdul, from Indonesia

The Cidurian River Basin (CRB) in Indonesia experiences
flooding almost every year and it has been a problem
since it causes damage and interferes with daily life.
Structural countermeasures such as embankment anddiversion channels have been planned and implemented
since 2016 at several locations for reducing the impact offlooding. However, non-structural countermeasures
such as flood early warning systems in the CRB are notestablished yet. In order to reduce the flood risk, thisstudy thus attempts to propose a framework for establishing early warning systems by combining the hydrological analysis using the rainfall-runoff-inundation (RRI)
model and the impact-based forecast (IBF) from Agency
for Meteorological, Climatological, and Geophysics(BMKG). Flood simulation for various flood scenarios
based on frequency analysis with various rainfall patterns provides an idea of how the spatial-temporal distribution of rainfall influences flood extent and inundation
depth. The results of this study show that combining theextent of flood area resulting from RRI modeling and the
IBF can provide more specific and reasonable information of flood early warning.

Flood Scenario Based on February 2021 Flood Event (100 Year Return Period)

Keywords: Risk Assessment, Impact Based Forecast, Frequency Analysis, Early Warning Systems

First of all, praise and gratitude I pray to Allah SWT. I feel very lucky to have been
selected for this program. Because here I get a research-based education that is supported by the best Sensei in their field and also supported by qualified facilities. We had
the opportunity to visit several DAMs in Japan, learn about their history, and also see
how they work. This knowledge is very valuable for us to have and apply in our country.
Here we also have the opportunity to get to know and learn about Japanese culture. Oneof them is hard work and on time. I still remember Koike Sensei’s first message when wearrived in Japan: “be punctual!”
One year passed very quickly, but we gained a lot of things; knowledge, experience, andfriendship. I hope this can be my provision in furthering my career in the future to beable to provide the greatest benefit to our country. Lastly, I want to express my gratitude to GRIPS, ICHARM, and JICA for giving me this precious opportunity. My gratitude
to BNPB, who has been entrusted with sending me to Japan. Last, my gratitude to all
ICHARM’s Sensei and my supervisor, Prof. OHARA Miho, Dr. UMINO Hitoshi, Dr.
SHRESTHA Badri , and Prof. TAKEDA Fumio. Because of their help, I was able to finish
my research on time. To all my friends, I hope this will not be our last meeting. I hope to
see you again at another good opportunity.

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MODELING THE IMPACT OF LAND COVER CHANGE ON FLOOD RISK IN
THE LOWER SHIRE RIVER BASIN, MALAWI
Hanke Titus Lloyd Ndau, from Malawi

Severe poverty, dependence on rain-fed agriculture, and increasing population size in the Shire River Basin of Malawi haveresulted in rapid conversion of forests to settlements and croplands along rivers. We quantify how land cover changes over a
30-year period, between 1990 and 2019, have affected the natureof floods and flood disaster damage in the lower Shire River Basinin Malawi, using the Rainfall-Runoff-Inundation Model. We foundthat forest depletion from 13,743 km2 to 6,444 km2, and croplandexpansion from 6,311 km2 to 13,776 km2 caused an increase inflood inundation area from 817 km2 to 1,164 km2. We conclude
that the conversion of land from forest to agricultural land, which
was stimulated by agricultural development policies, increased
the flood risk to communities in Chikwawa and Nsanje districts inthe lower Shire Basin. Our recommendation is that development
strategies should include specific measures to either maintain
forest cover or offset the equivalent roughness and infiltration
provided by forest cover.

Flood inundation simulated with 1990 land cover and simulatedwith 2019 land cover

Keywords: Risk assessment, Land-cover change, Floods
The masters in Disaster Management Policy is a great course taught by a great team. We started learning online. Thisapproach made an already challenging course more difficult. However, through the efforts of JICA and ICHARM wewere allowed to travel to Japan. In this way we experienced Japanese culture in addition to the benefits of learning
face to face with most of the professors.
The essential knowledge in floods and sediment disasters that I have gained will be
used to improve the wellbeing of poor people, who suffer from regular flood anddrought disasters in Malawi. The emphasis on basin-wide and the end to end floodrisk management is a relatively new approach for Malawi, where disaster risk management has mostly focused on response and vulnerability reduction in the disasterprone areas. Upon returning to Malawi I will promote the inclusion of disaster risk
management in development at all levels (from individuals to national level) whileemulating the great example set by Japan.
During the course I also experienced Japanese culture. Opportunities for interaction
were limited in order to prevent the spread of COVID-19. However, the little interaction
I had with the people of Japan taught me the great values of patience and persistence,and supporting others to achieve their goals and aspirations. I even managed to practicea new hobby, photography, despite the busy schedule of the academic work.
Such lessons and enjoyment of Japan was only made possible by the hardworking teamfrom ICHARM, and the kind support from my classmates who became like family. With
great and unfathomable appreciation to them, I am now a Master of Disaster Management
policy.

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CRITICAL RAINFALL CONDITIONS FOR LANDSLIDES OCCURENCES
TO DEVELOP WARNING SYSTEM IN CAMERON HIGHLANDS, PAHANG,
MALAYSIA
Raja Noraini binti Raja Yusof, from Malaysia

The present study aimed to develop a method forthe prediction of the occurrence of sediment-related
disasters resulting from landslides in the Cameron
Highlands, Pahang. First, the author numerically discusses the correlation between rainfall conditions
and the number of landslides using a drainage
model, slope stability model, and rainfall runoff
model. The rainfall conditions obtained numerically
Structure of Rainfall-Sediment Runoff Model to evaluate shallow landslides
from the models are discussed, with respect to theplane of hourly rainfall and accumulated rainfall andsnake lines of past rainfall events. Then, the snake lines that caused the sediment-related disasters have been compared with the simulated threshold curves to specify the critical line useful for the disaster occurrence. This study
proposes the critical lines of rainfall conditions for five areas in the Cameron Highlands, Pahang.
Keywords: landslide prone area, critical rainfall condition, slope stability, snake lines, early warning
Great memories! Never once in my lifetime that I would have a chance to study abroad.
I refused to apply this course on previous batch, but I can’t refuse the offer twice! Instead, my target study is in
my own country, I have be lucky enough to be here in Japan, especially in ICHARM.
I learned a lot during my one year stay. From knowledge to good behavior and attitude from the Japanese.
I really appreciate everything that was given to me. It might be nothing for other persons but huge for me. I managed to participate in all JICA events no matter how busy I was. This is the only way for me to express my gratitude
to JICA. I participated in calligraphy event, “Thank you around the world campaign” on AEON Mall Tsukuba website,calligraphy event, Japanese flower arrangement (ikebana) , rice planting festival, Japanese cultural event, learning
about Tsukuba Science city, understanding the Japanese development experiences and a high school visit. I knew
from these events are “once in lifetime and memorable” for me that is why I must grab as much as possible activities
and opportunities offered by JICA.
The culture here is the best. I learned a lot. The “arigato gozaimasu” is a simple words but give huge impact on people
who received it yet difficult to say for some other people, but the Japanese are really generous to this magic word.
The knowledge! I have be lucky enough to be with the experts intheir field. I learned a lot from them. No word can describe how
grateful I am to be selected as a participant in this course.
Last but not least, leaving 3 kids was the hardest part, but for sure
I’m returning home with proud.
JAPAN! Always like a home for me!

Research and Training Advisor EGASHIRA Shinji
江頭進治研究・研修指導監

Prof. FUKUOKA Shoji of Chuo University
福岡捷二 中央大学教授

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PREDICTION OF SEDIMENT TRANSPORT PROCESSES IN THE UPPERKINTA RIVER BASIN, MALAYSIA
Siti Adabiyah binti Sulaiman, from Malaysia

Understanding sediment transport processes and sediment supply from slopes is essential for river basin management. To specify sediment supply conditions fromslopes, this study investigated the occurrence of landslides
upstream of the Kinta Dam basin using slope stability analysis. The results showed that landslides occur mainly adjacent to river channels and roads, which affects the sedimentsupply to the river channel. Subsequently, the sediment
Concept of unit channeltransport process in the river basin was evaluated to investigate the effect of landslide on reservoir sedimentation.
The computation was conducted for two cases: Case 1 was for the current drainage condition with sediment supplied
from the landslide, and Case 2 was for the virtual drainage condition without landslides. The results showed that finesediment generated from landslides was actively transported to the reservoir throughout the year, causing bed degradation where coarse sediment remained in the channel. Fine sediment transported from upstream accumulated in
the dam with landslides, and the sediment yielded double in volume.
Keywords: landslide, sediment transport, reservoir sedimentation, basin scale model, Kinta Dam“Good things never come from COMFORT ZONE”. This quote may sum
up my one year experiences pursuing Master program in ICHARM and
GRIPS. This part of my life journey has strengthen me especially byliving away from my family and friends at the same time working hardwith classes, exam and research. Nevertheless, there will be a rainbow
after the rain. The satisfaction when completing the study is beyond
explanation. I am gratitude with the opportunity given to me to study
here. I have met with experts in Disaster Management and has broaden
my view on this matter. I am hoping that all the knowledge gatheredfrom classes, field trips and discussion will benefit me and my country.
I will have a bigger responsibility now to share the knowledge because in Islam we are thought that knowledge without actions is like tree without any fruits. I will forever cherish the ups and downs in this journey because of this, it
has certainly upgrade me.
Having the opportunity to study sediment transport using numerical analysis was really special to me. Realising there
are not much study using the same methodology was done in my county made me realized that I am very lucky. Many
thanks to my supervisor Egashira sensei and Harada sensei with their guidance and supervision. May ICHARM keepon producing very good quality of research that will benefit the entire world.

Executive Director KOIKE Toshio
小池俊雄センター長

ICHARM Newsletter Volume 17 No. 3・October 2022

Mr. WATANABE Masayuki, the President of the Institutefor International Social Development & Cooperation
渡辺正幸 国際社会開発協力研究所代表

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ANALYSIS OF WATERCOURSE CHANGE DURING ALLUVIAL FANFORMATION AND COUNTERMEASURE FOR STABILIZATION OF CHANNELFLOW IN KARNALI RIVER, NEPALSURESH Khadka, from Nepal

In this study, we discussed watercourse changes during the alluvial
fan formation of the Karnali River and proposed a countermeasure
to stabilize the channel to maintain the ideal flow discharge in two
branches. First, we observed and analyzed time series satellite
images to understand the braided channel area of alluvial fan andmajor regions in which channel changes were occurring. Second,
we conducted a numerical simulation to evaluate the water flow
and sediment flow including river bed evolution numerically. The
results demonstrated that the sediment deposited in the channels
has narrowed the channels and deformed the bed, thereby raising
the water level. As a result, the water has spread to adjacent areas,
Verification of model
producing unstable channels and discharge instability in the two
branches. Finally, we proposed countermeasures considering the major regions of change and those were in terms ofdischarge distribution, sediment deposition, and channel stability. This understanding of water course changes andthe recommended countermeasures are helpful for managing rivers with braided channel alluvial fans.
Keywords: Alluvial fan, water course changes, sediment deposition, countermeasure, channel stabilization.
As learning is a continuous process, this one year’s course added to me lots of valuable things in my life. This one year
has not just only added knowledge to my field, but also added value to my knowledge of the water-related disaster.
Japan and Nepal have almost similar topographies and rivers originating from the mountains and flowing to the plains.
This course helped me to understand the managed rivers here, along the rivers in Nepal which are currently in theprocess of management. Management of the river in terms of public awareness, preparedness and mitigation measures. Field visits like Kinu River, Yamanashi River and Shinano River gave me a visualization of river management using
traditional knowledge and scientific advancement. Integrated river basin management with the construction of dams
and also the sharing of the water from one sub-basin to another could be learned to apply in our country considering
local boundary conditions. Traditional knowledge that is used in Midai river management in Yamanashi prefecture is atypical example of how knowledge from tradition is important to managing the rivers. These field visit experiences
provided me a deep insight to consider such factors in our country. In total we learnt the overall hydrological processes, fluvial process including geomorphic processes.
Besides education, I enjoyed the Japanese stay a lot and learning
the people and culture. Hardworking, efficient time management
are exemplary here. Besides, the lifestyle, food and festivals areamazing.
Lastly, I am indebted to all the helping hands during my stay here.
Thanks to ICHARM, JICA and GRIPS to providing me such niceopportunity.

Prof. Emeritus TAKEUCHI Kuniyoshi of the University of
Yamanashi
竹内邦良 山梨大学名誉教授

Prof. Emeritus TANAKA Shigenobu of Kyoto University
田中茂信 京都大学名誉教授

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ICHARM Newsletter Volume 17 No. 3・October 2022

Training & Education

IMPROVEMENT OF FLOOD FORECASTING FOR STRENGTHENING FLOODRESILIENCE IN THE AGNO RIVER BASIN
Ailene R. Abelardo, from the Philippines

The Agno River Basin Flood Forecasting and Warning Center of thePhilippine Atmospheric, Geophysical, and Astronomical Services
Administration (PAGASA) provides flood advisories and warnings to thebasin, including its allied river basins, mainly using real-time monitoring of
rainfall and water levels. This study analyzed the impact of climate change
in the Agno River Basin (ARB) for the period of 2041-2060 using the Global
Climate Model archived in the Data Integration and Analysis System ofJapan considering the Representative Concentration Pathway 8.5 scenario.
The results revealed an increase of 1m and 151 km2 in the future flood
depth and extent, respectively. To increase the resilience of the community
to flood disasters, this study utilized the operational Weather Research andForecasting (WRF) model, Domain1 (12km) and Domain2 (3km), used by
PAGASA to increase the lead time. The results showed that both domainsof WRF predicted the discharge at the Carmen Station for Tropical Cyclone(TC) Ompong (2018). WRF Domain2 showed good performance in predicting discharge during TC Jenny (2019), TC Josie (2018) and Southwest
Monsoon (August & September 2019), however, WRF Domain1 exhibiteda very poor performance in these cases. To warn the people in the ARB of
the possible flood in the future, a longer lead time is required to prepare
and minimize the risk of such hazards, thus Numerical Weather Prediction,
like WRF can be advantageous.

Location and Elevation of the Agno River Basin

Keywords: RRI Model, NWP, GCM, WRF, flood forecastingI thank the Almighty God for giving this opportunity to come here in Japan.
I am grateful to be part of this course and meet my newfound friends from different parts of the earth with thesame experience when it comes to water-related disasters. Also, being a student of these wonderful professors andlecturers from ICHARM was a privilege. They taught us a lot of things and mold us to be a responsible citizen of ourcountry as a public servant.
During this course, we had a chance to witness the country’s
disaster management works, from how they issue the warnings, and formulation of hazard maps, to the different
structural countermeasures that gave us more understanding of what have shared with us during our lectures. All
knowledge shared will be useful when we go back to ourrespective county. Learnings from this course help me successfully finish my research paper with the guidance of mygenerous supervisors. It is indeed a wonderful experienceand achievement to finally get my Master’s Degree here in
Japan with the collaboration of ICHARM, GRIPS, and JICA.
Maraming Salamat po.

ICHARM Newsletter Volume 17 No. 3・October 2022

24

Training & Education

CLIMATE CHANGE AND URBANIZATION IMPACT ASSESSMENT ON
INUNDATION CHARACTERISTICS OF LAGUNA DE BAY BASIN
Erwin Rafael De Ocampo Cabral, from the Philippines

Laguna de Bay is the largest lake in thePhilippines located inside the PasigLaguna Basin. It acts as a flood retention lake to safeguard Metro Manila
from extreme flooding. However, thethreat of climate change and rapid
urbanization affect the basin, whichputs the lives of those residing within
its hydrological boundary in danger.
This study is a rapid assessment of the
impact of climate change and urbanization on the lake level and shore inundation of the Laguna de Bay using the
Simulated Laguna Lake Shore Inundation
Rainfall-Runoff-Inundation Model. The
simulation revealed that the lake level
could increase by 2.54 m under future climate in the RCP8.5 scenario compared to the level during Typhoon Ulysses
in 2020. Also, compared to the same event, the average highest lake level could be reached 2.8 months earlier in theseasonal cycle. In addition, the lake level could increase by 0.24 m in the 3rd quarter of the year if cropland is urbanized, and a 0.22-m increase in the peak lake level may be observed if forestland will become a built-up area. The simulated results also show that the maximum inundation depth will increase by 2.34 m and the extent will increase by
442.61 km2 owing to climate change, especially in shoreline communities, exposing more barangays (villages) andmore people to flood hazards.
Keywords: climate change, urbanization, inundation, RRI model

I am amazed by how Japan maintains its rich history, tradition, and culture, breathtaking nature and sceneries, safe
environment, and kind and humble people while the development and advancement in technology continue. I am truly
grateful to the Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA), the International Centre for Water Hazard and Risk
Management (ICHARM) under the auspices of UNESCO, the National Graduate Institute for Policy Studies (GRIPS),
and the people of Japan for giving me this once-in-a-lifetime opportunity to experience and enjoy Japanese culture
and education.
I learned a lot of invaluable knowledge, techniques, and skills about flood disaster risk management from this master’s degree program. The professors, researchers, and staff of ICHARM and GRIPS are very knowledgeable, hardworking, competent, and approachable. They guided us all throughout the program and gave us important information
about everything that we needed to know. They allowed us to experience Japanese culture and technology, and they
prepared educational site visits to places that are vital for disaster prevention, tourism, history, and the culture ofJapan.
Through my dear organization, Batangas State University (BatStateU) the Philippines’ National Engineering University,
I can share the learnings I got through instruction, research, extension activities, and community involvement. These
will benefit my country and my fellow Filipino people by becoming more prepared and resilient against natural hazards,
especially the water-related ones.
It is an honor and a great privilege that I was given a chance not only to study inJapan but to represent my beloved country, the Philippines, in this program,where I was able to share our experiences, history, traditions, and culture, notonly with Japan but with other participating countries.
I will never forget all the good memories I had, the lessons I learned, and the
new friends I met. I will be forever thankful to Japan!

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ICHARM Newsletter Volume 17 No. 3・October 2022

Training & Education

CREATING AN EFFECTIVE FLOOD MANAGEMENT PLAN TO IMPROVE
THE STANDARD OF LIVING WITHIN THE MUDUN ELA BASIN, SRI LANKA
Ibra Lebbe ZIYAROOUN, from Sri Lanka

Floods have been the most frequently
occurring type of natural disaster in Sri
Lanka for the past ten years. They accountfor approximately 37% of all disasters,
including 47% of total housing damage
and 57% of total affected persons atrributed to all disasters. The government of Sri
Lanka has suffered large financial losses
due to direct and indirect flood damage.
This study aimed to assess the impacts ofclimate change and social change on
extreme floods over time and propose
suitable countermeasures to mitigate
flood risks.This study is based on the
Selected scenarios for analysis
Rainfall‒Runoff‒Inundation (RRI) model
simulation carried out for the Mudun Ela basin. Past and future rainfall, social changes, improvements in drainage
capacity, and proposed retention pond scenarios are fed into the RRI model to simulate changes in extreme inundation area and depth. Our results indicate that climate change increases the inundation area and depth, while socialchanges aggravate flood risks. Proposed countermeasures include flood retention ponds with drainage improvements, which may be effective at reducing the inundation area and depth and associated flood damage. Overall, thisstudy proposes that a flood management plan with structural and non-structural measures can help to create a floodresilient society and improve the standard of living.
Keywords: flood, rainfall‒runoff‒inundation model, inundation, flood-resilient, flood management

I have arrived Japan to pursue my master’s studies during covid pandemic situation. So wehave quarantined for two weeks after arrived Japan. We followed the studies throughonline. I am working in Sri Lanka Land Development Corporation and many engineers frommy organization successfully followed this study in the past. This course and study trips
were well organized within a short period of time and well managed by ICHARM, JICA and
GRIPS. Experienced gain through this course and field visits will have a big impact after I
will rejoin to my organization. I normally not much exposed personally to software related
design tools. But I manage people who deals with software programs. Since I join thiscourse, I pretty much become a person who directly deal with software related things andI succeded in that. This is an added advantage for me and will be useful in my future
career.
Here, I found where my soul need to be. Japanese people are very disciplined and well manner in everywhere. Theynever bother or disturb other people. Their attitude is much attracted by me. I have learn so many things by seeing
them and by their day to day lifestyle.
I would like to thank my supervisors and every one from ICHARM, JICA and GRIPS to made this study journey asuccessful one to me. I am really confident to use the knowledge and experience gained throughout this stay in Japanfor my entire lifetime.

ICHARM Newsletter Volume 17 No. 3・October 2022

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Training & Education

A STUDY ON CLIMATE CHANGE IMPACTS ON EXTREME RAINFALL AND
FLOOD EVENTS IN THE KALU RIVER BASIN, SRI LANKA
ARUNA Samarathunga, from Sri Lanka

Frequent flooding in the Kalu River basin causes numerous damages to lives and properties every year. Though
there are several flood mitigation proposals, none ofthem has been implemented to date. High-intensity andfrequent rainfall enhanced by global warming, rapid
development, lack of evidence-based information, andabsence of disaster mitigation plans are expected toboost the severity of these damages in manifold andadditional pressures to sustainable development of theregion. This study investigated the climate change
impacts on extreme rainfall and flood events using insitu, selected, and bias-corrected General Circulation
Models’ (GCM) outputs and rainfall-runoff-inundation
model in the Kalu River basin, Sri Lanka. The results
showed that the annual (13%–26%) and extreme rainfall
intensity (53%–62%) will increase in the mid (2050–2075)
and far (2075–2100) futures. The results coincided with
Flow Chart of Methodology
the recorded increasing climate signals of extreme rainfall. The well-calibrated and validated hydrological model
was used to drive the basin responses to projected rainfall from GCMs. The results showed that the flood discharge
may increase by 20%–30% and the flood water levels in the far future may rise by 1.5m, compared to that in the past(1980–2005). The simulation of proposed dry dams as flood mitigation measures showed that they can reduce theflood inundation area by ~16%. The evidence-based information obtained in this study can support the preparationof future flood mitigation measures and decision-making for the sustainable development of the basin.
Keywords: Climate Change, Kalu River, Extreme Rainfall, Flood Mitigation

I chose Japan as my destination for study because it is a friendly country in Asia that has been
supporting Sri Lanka. As Japan has a growing economy and is more industrialized with concern
for sustainable development, social responsibility, and healthy living concepts, studying andliving in Japan added a great experience for me.
The Great Teacher, the Founder of Buddhism, spread a wave of humanism through South Asia,
Sri Lanka, and northward through the Himalayas into Japan, which bound us together for hundreds of years with a common culture and heritage. I believe this shared culture is still alive
and well. As I watch dramas like “Oshin” and NHK TV programs, and the 2020 Tokyo Olympics,
I can remember the story of “The Courageous Loser Who Won Hearts” at the 1964 Tokyo
Olympics. Mr. Karunananda’s story reminded me that bilateral relationships are in the genes of
our two countries. Because Sri Lankan and Japanese are high-spirited people. In the year 2022,
we are celebrating the 70th anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic relations between
Sri Lanka and Japan.
The Disaster Management Master course not only outlines the significanceof water-related disasters and the Japanese experience in flood fighting
but also points out the importance of policy implementation and project
cycle management training. Besides, it summarizes research studies followed by modern hydrologicalmodels. To put it simply, disaster management, research studies, and hydrological models seem to play an instrumental role in my professional life.

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ICHARM Newsletter Volume 17 No. 3・October 2022

Training & Education

DEVELOPMENT OF INTEGRATED WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENTFOR EASTERN DRY ZONE IN SRI LANKA UNDER CHANGING CLIMATE:
THE CASE OF MUNDENI, MAGALAWADUWAN, AND ANDELLAOYA RIVER
BASINS
Sandrasegaram Nerojan, from Sri Lanka

The eastern dry zone of Sri Lanka is susceptible to extreme floods and droughts
due to climate variations, high-intensity
rainfall, a lack of disaster preparedness,
and a lack of a science-informed water
resources management increase thevulnerability of the region to floods anddroughts. This study has developed an
end-to-end approach combining scientific, engineering, and socio-economic
analyses to increase the confidence
level in decision-making under climatechange for sustainable Integrated
Methodology
Water Resources Management (IWRM)
in the river basins. It was found thatflood and drought conditions increased between 1991 and 2020 and are likely to increase in the future (2035-2060)
under RCP8.5. The hydrological model was used to quantify the inflow conditions and to test the ability of dams andriver widening to facilitate flood control and drought management for future scenarios, and the feasibility of enhancing the agricultural productivity of the basins. Compared to past observations, the river basins will experience more
discharge in the future except in January. The water management model was developed using Dam Operation Model(DOM) and Crop Model (CM) to estimate the water budget during wet and dry seasons. Finally, policy implications aresuggested in terms of disaster risk reduction and water management. This study provides evidence-based information regarding past and future climate, water resources, crops and cultivation patterns, and countermeasures formaking decisions toward sustainable development.
Keywords: IWRM, DOM, climate change, productivity, sustainable development

It was a golden opportunity to pursue my master’s degree in ICHARM which has an extraordinary panel of lecturers
and professors with whom I personally experience the in-depth of knowledge in their respective fields.
This fruitful one-year period taught me invaluable lessons not only in my study area but also in personal grooming as
an engineer and I gained experience in different areas such as hydrology, hydraulics, numerical models, climatechange, and disaster risk management. In addition to the theoretical subjects, I learned numerical software packages and models which improved my analytical ability to understand and solve current hydro-meteorological issues. I
worked on a compressive analysis on development of an integrated water resources management for eastern dry zone
in Sri Lanka under changing climate which gave me vast knowledge while carrying out my thesis with the guidance of
my supervisors Professor Mohamed Rasmy and Professor Toshio Koike. After perusing this study, I am confident
that I can find workable solutions for the challenges I face in the future using an end-to-end approach combining
scientific, engineering, and socio-economic analyses.
Apart from the studies and thesis, this journey gave me more practical experiences
through several field visits in this marvelous country, and also I was able to meet worldrenowned professors and experts. I am certain that the results, experiences, and knowledge gained in completing my studies will definitely be applicable to the betterment of mycountry. This well-structured master’s degree program is very useful for young engineers
to improve their knowledge, and skills and gain hands-on experience in using modern science and technology in their fields. I am extremely grateful to the panel of academic
staff in ICHARM for the valuable lectures they delivered, continuous support, andguidance.

ICHARM Newsletter Volume 17 No. 3・October 2022

28

Training & Education

A group from MJIIT visits ICHARM
MJIIT (Malaysia Japan International Institute of Technology) の来訪
2022 年 8 月 25 日、MJIIT の教員、Twenty faculty members and students
学
生合わせて 20 人 が、ICHARM にfrom the Malaysia Japan International
おける教育・研究の実態や土砂・洪Institute of Technology (MJIIT) visited
水災害 等に関する研 究の現状に関ICHARM on August 25, 2022, to collect
する情報を収集することを目的として来訪しました。MJIIT においては、
information on its current education and
ICHARM と同様、一年間で修士号をresearch programs and the recent prog取得できる洪水防災コースを持っておress of sediment and flood disaster
り、今回の訪問者は、当該コースの学 生 でした。 一方、ICHARM で は、
research. Like ICHARM, MJIIT has a oneマレーシアからの二人の修士学生がyear master’s course on flood disaster
いて、彼女らはタイムリーに修士論
prevention, and the students are studying
文を仕上げたところでした。そのたin this course. The meeting was planned
め、先方からの要望もあって、彼女らを含めて次のような話題について
to include presentations and discussions
意見交換を行うことになりました。
by accommodating their requests. It start•藤 兼 雅和上 席 研 究員による歓 迎ed with the welcome address by Chiefの挨拶 •宮本守主任研究員によるICHARM の洪水災害研究と IFI 活動
Researcher FUJIKANE Masakazu, which•江頭進治研究・研修指導監によるwas followed by a series of presentations
土砂災害ハザードの数学モデル
by ICHARM researchers on: flood disaster•秦梦露特別研究員による流域土砂
流 出 モデル • Siti Adabiyah Binti
research and IFI activities at ICHARM by
SULAIMAN 君（修士学生）による土Senior Researcher MIYAMOTO Mamoru; a
砂 流出に対する山腹 崩壊の影 響
mathematical model of sediment haz• Raja Noraini Binti RAJA YUSOF 君
ards by Research and Training Advisor EGASHIRA Shinji; a sediment runoff model in （修士学生）による避難予警報のたa watershed by Research Specialist QIN Menglu; the influence of landslides on sed- めの土砂災害発生降雨条件 。
当初、話題提供と意見交換（討議）、
iment runoff by Ms. Siti Adabiyah Binti SULAIMAN; and rainfall conditions for
合わせて 2 時間の予定でしたが、一occurrences of sediment-related disasters by Ms. Raja Noraini Binti RAJA YUSOF. 時間ばかり予定を超過するなど、熱Ms. Siti and Ms. Raja, who were master’s students at ICHARM then and had just 心に意見交換が行われました。写真
finished their graduation theses, were invited to join the meeting because they were は話題提供の一コマです。
from Malaysia and studied topics related to water-related disasters. The meeting
went very well, with the participants enthusiastically discussing various issues andexchanging knowledge, lasting for three hours, an hour longer than initiallyscheduled.

(Written by EGASHIRA Shinji)

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ICHARM Newsletter Volume 17 No. 3・October 2022

Training & Education

Action Reports from ICHARM Graduates

ICHARMでは、政策研究大学院大学（GRIPS）、国際協力機構（JICA）と連携して、世界各国から洪水対策の行政官を対象として、1年間の修士課程「防災政策プログラム 水災害リスクマネ
ジメントコース」を実施するとともに、3年間の博士課程「防災学プログラ
ム」を実施しています。これまで180名を超える実務者・研究者の方々が各課程を修了し、帰国後、本研修で習得された知識や経験を生かして、様々な分野において活躍されています。
ICHARMニュースレターでは、こうした卒業生の方々から、ご活躍の様子について寄稿していただくこととしております。本号では2013年（6期）修士課程卒業のNikola Zlatanović氏（セルビア）から寄稿いただきましたので、ご紹介します。

ICHARM provides graduate-level educational programs for foreign government
officers in charge of flood risk management in collaboration with GRIPS and
JICA: a one-year master’s program, “Water-related Risk Management Courseof Disaster Management Policy Program,” and a three-year doctoral program,“Disaster Management Program.”

Since their launches, over 180 practitioners and researchers have completed
either of the programs. They have been practicing knowledge and experienceacquired through the training in various fields of work after returning to theirhome countries. This section is devoted to such graduates sharing information
about their current assignments and projects with the readers around the globe.
Nikola Zlatanović (Serbia), who graduated from the master's program in 2013,
has kindly contributed the following article to this issue.

Ph.D student, Faculty of Civil Engineering,
the University of Belgrade

Nikola Zlatanović

In 2012-2013, I had the great opportunity to attend the Water-Related Disaster Management Program, jointly
organized by GRIPS and PWRI/ICHARM, through the support of JICA, and graduate with the class of 2013. During
the one-year master’s course program, I was able to refresh my knowledge of flood-related engineering sciences,
as well as learn many new concepts of disaster management and gain new insights and different points of view
from ICHARM and GRIPS professors, research staff and my fellow international student colleagues.

Upon returning from Japan to my previous post as Research Engineer at the Institute for the Development of
Water Resources in Belgrade, Serbia in 2013, I have continuously applied much of what I have learned at ICHARM
in all areas of flood management, including integrated flood risk management (IFRM), sediment transport anddebris flow, hazard and risk mapping, hydrological modelling, etc. During my research thesis at ICHARM I had
the chance to begin development of techniques for automated calculation of design discharges for ungauged
catchments, which has proven to be extremely useful, as I am still (almost ten years later) applying many of thesetechniques in my everyday engineering practices.

I also had the honor to serve as Deputy Director of the Water for Sustainable Development and Adaptation to
Climate Change (WSDAC) UNESCO Category 2 Centre in Belgrade from 2014, focusing on knowledge dissemination activities (conferences, symposiums, workshops etc) and establishing working relationships with key water
related UNESCO Category 2 centres worldwide. In this capacity, I had the great opportunity to meet up with bothmy mentors and classmates from ICHARM as well as with ICHARM alumni on numerous occasions worldwide anddiscuss current issues.

Currently, I am focusing on my PhD studies at the Faculty of Civil Engineering at the University of Belgrade in
Serbia, while working as an independent engineer. My PhD thesis deals with the development of a practical geomorphological unit hydrograph for use in design flood estimation in ungauged catchments, and is in fact a directcontinuation of my research that I began during my thesis at the ICHARM Master’s course exactly 10 years ago.

Meeting up with Prof. TAKEUCHI from ICHARM and
ICHARM alumni Dr. Ali Chavoshian at the UNESCO
Science Centres Coordination Meeting in Beijing, 2016

ICHARM Newsletter Volume 17 No. 3・October 2022

Presenting at the Asia Water Cycle Symposium,
University of Tokyo, 201630

Information Networking

Information Networking

ICHARM co-organized a session at the Stockholm World Water Week 2022
ストックホルム世界水週間でセッションを共催
The Stockholm World Water Week (SWWW) 2022 was held from August 23 to
September 2, 2022. The SWWW 2022 was redesigned as a hybrid (online and in-person) event composed of more than 300 sessions with over 5400 participants from160 countries. ICHARM actively contributed to the event by co-organizing sessions
with partner organizations and providing the presentations of its activities.
On August 24, Prof. KOIKE Toshio, the executive director of ICHARM, participated
as a speaker in “Water Security Data: going beyond collection to making impact,” asession that the Asia-Pacific Water Forum (APWF) and the Asian Development Bank
(ADB) organized with some other organizations. The session discussed quantitative
data for water security and also actions to utilize data for decision making in society
while quoting data from the Asia Water Development Outlook (AWDO) 2020, one of
the flagship knowledge products of ADB’s Water Sector Group. Prof. KOIKE pointed
out the importance of establishing a platform with various stakeholders, including
line-ministries and academic organizations, and consolidating water consilience. He
also mentioned that AWDO should add climate change impact analysis to its next
version.
On the 25th, ICHARM co-organized a session, “End-to-End Approach for valuing Water on Climate Actions,” with its partners, including APWF and the Global
Water Partnership (GWP). This session shared good practices and discussed ways toenhance the understanding of valuing water and better managing water resources
through end-to-end approaches with the interactions of science and technology,
good governance, and finance. Mr. MORI Noriyuki, the director for Special Researchof ICHARM, made a presentation entitled “Research of Science & Technology for
Climate Resilient Society” in this session. In the presentation and the panel discussion that followed, he highlighted the importance of interdisciplinary study with
end-to-end approaches, which include data collection, the analysis, assessment, andprediction of natural phenomena, and socio-economic impact assessment.
On the same day, Dr. MATSUKI Hirotada, the deputy director of ICHARM, joineda different session, “NBS for Climate Action with Sound Watershed Management,”
organized by the Northern Water Network (NoWNET) and presented “J-traditional
River Engineering as a Nature-based Solution.” He introduced Japan’s traditional
flood management methods, such as masonry groins, and emphasized the importance of taking a participatory approach that incorporates historical and cultural
viewpoints. He also stressed the importance of routine repairability by explainingthat structures should be built in a sustainable manner utilizing local materials andresiding engineers with affordable costs.
As the SWWW is one of the most influential international conferences in the field ofwater, ICHARM views it as an extremely significant occasion to provide inputs of its
activities and discuss issues with other partner organizations.

Executive Director KOIKE
小池センター長

Director for Special Research MORI
森特別研究監31

2022 年 8 月 23 ～ 9 月 2 日、 ス
トックホルム世界水週間（SWWW）
2022 が 開 催 さ れ ま し た。 本 年 のSWWW は、 対 面 と オ ン ラ イ ン の
ハイブリッド形式により開催され、参 加 者 は 160 か 国 か ら 5400 名、セッション数は 300 を超えました。
ICHARM はパートナー機関とのセッション共 催 や 活 動 発 表によりSWWW に積極的に貢献してきています。
8 月 24 日 に は「Water Security
Data: going beyond collection to
making impact（水の安全保障のデー
タ：データ収集から、実社会への影
響波及にむけて）」と題して、アジ
ア太平洋水フォーラム事務局やアジア開発銀行等が主催したセッション
において、小池俊雄センター長がパネリストとして登壇しました。セッシ ョ ン で は、 ア ジ ア 開 発 銀 行・ 水
セクターにおける代表的な公表資料・データであるアジア水開発展望（AWDO）2020 年度版をベースとして、水の安全保障にかかる定量的データや、データを実社会での意思決定に活用するための行動について議論が行われました。小池センター長は、関係省庁や学術機関などを含む広範なステークホルダーが参画するプラットフォームの各国での形成や知の統合を図っていくことの重要性や、今後の AWDO における気候変動影響分析の必要性を指摘しました。
8 月 25 日 に は ICHARM は、 ア ジ
ア太平洋水フォーラム事務局、世界
水パートナーシップなどとともに、「End-to-End Approach for valuing
Water on Climate Actions（ 気 候 変
動対応行動における水の価値化に
向 け た End-to-End Approach）」のセッションを共催しました。本セッ
シ ョ ン で は、End-to-End Approachを採りつつ科学技術、ガバナンス、
ファイナンスの観点からの統合的な取り組みを行うことにより、水の価値化や水資源管理の改善を図るた
め の Good Practices な ど が 共 有 されました。ICHARM からは森範行特別 研 究 監 が、「Research of Science& Technology for Climate Resilient
Society（気候変動に対して強靭な社会を実現するための科学技術研究）」と題した発表を行いました。発表やその後のパネルディスカッションを含め、データ収集・取得から自然現象の解明・評価・予測、社会経済への影響評価まで end-to-end で、かつ統合的に研究を行うことの重要性が強調されました。
同 じ く 8 月 25 日 に は「NBS
for Climate Action with Sound
Watershed Management（ 健 全 な流域管理による気候変動対応行動のた め の Nature Based Solution）」と題 し た セ ッ シ ョ ン が、 ノ ー ザ ン・

ICHARM Newsletter Volume 17 No. 3・October 2022

Information Networking / Coming Events
ウォーター・ネットワーク（NoWNET;
Northern Water Network） に よ り
開 催 さ れ ま し た。ICHARM の 松 木
洋 忠 グ ル ー プ 長 は「J-traditionalriver engineering as a Nature-based
Solution（Nature-based Solution としての日本の伝統的河川工学技術）」と題して、我が国の石積水制工などの伝統的な治水工法も紹介しつつ、質の高いインフラの一環として、歴史文化を重視した参加型のアプロー
チの重要性を主張しました。その際、地元の材料や在住の技術者により安価な費用で、持続可能なかたちで維持・修繕を行うことが不可欠である
ことも強調しました。
SWWW は水分野において最も影響力ある国際会議の一つであることから、ICHARM としてもパートナー
機関と協働しつつ、その活動についての情報発信を行っていきます。

Session attended by Deputy Director MATSUKI
松木グループ長が参加したセッション(Written by MORI Noriyuki)

Coming Events

Information on the 9th International Conference on Flood Management (ICFM9)
第 9 回洪水管理国際会議（ICFM9）に関するお知らせ
これまでの ICHARM ニュースレ
ターでもご紹介のように、第 9 回
洪 水 管 理 国 際会 議（ICFM9） が主に茨城県つくば市において 2023 年
2 月 18 日から 22 日まで開催されます。以下、参加を予定される皆様へのお知らせです。皆様の積極的なご参加をお待ちしています。
〇重要な締切・E xtended abstract 投 稿 締 切：11
月 15 日（※当初案内の 10 月 31 日から延期になりました）・早 期割引締切：11 月 15 日（※当初
案内の 10 月 31 日から延期になりました）・各種オンライン登録締切：12 月 31日（※以降の参加登録は、会議場現地で行えます。ただしクレジット
カードのみの受付になります）〇 現在のプログラム案：図 1

As announced in the past issues of the ICHARM Newsletter, the
9th International Conference on Flood Management (ICFM9)
will be held from February 18 to 22, 2023, mainly in Tsukuba,
Ibaraki, Japan. In this issue, we would like to provide you withthe following important information to encourage your active
participation.

https://www.icfm9.jp/
index.html○ Important dates :・Deadline for extended abstracts: November 15

 postponed from the original date (October 31)※
・Deadline for early bird registration: November 15※
 postponed from the original date (October 31)
・Deadline for online registration: December 31※
 After the online registration ends, on-site registration at the conference venue
is possible, but the payment will be accepted by credit card only.
○ Program (Tentative): See Figure 1

・More information is available at https://www.icfm9.jp/sessions/ .

・よ り詳 細 な セッション 情 報 はhttps://www.icfm9.jp/sessions/ をご覧ください〇 オンライン登録： 【参加登録サイ
ト https://amarys-jtb.jp/icfmp/】
・現在、以下の項目についてオンライ
ン登録を受け付けています。また、
表 1 に各種登録料を示します。
► 会議参加登録► 弁当予約► 現地視察登録► レセプション登録► ホテル予約・オンライン登録の締め切りは 12 月
31 日までです。なお、早期割引の締め切りは 11 月 15 日です。オンラ
イン登録締め切り後は、会議場現地で当日受付を行いますが混雑が予想されますので、できるだけ事前の登録をお願いします。

ICHARM Newsletter Volume 17 No. 3・October 2022

Figure1 Draft program schedule
図１ プログラム構成案

32

Coming Events○ Online registration:〇 現地視察：<Registration at https://amarys-jtb.jp/icfmp/>
Deadline for the early bird registration: November 15※postponed from original date (31st October)・We are now accepting your application

for the following items on the registration site. See Table 1 for fees for eachapplication.
► Registration for participation► Lunch box► Field trip (February 21 and 22)► Reception► Hotel・視 察 先は 以下を予定しています。
よ り 詳 細 な 情 報 は ICFM9 サ イト
https://www.icfm9.jp/date_place.
html をご覧くださいRegistration fee
Regular¥35,000

Regular: Early bird

¥30,000

Student¥18,000

Student: Early bird

¥15,000

One day¥15,000

Student: One day¥10,000

One-day field trip
(Feb. 22)
Lunch box

・The online registration will be open until¥3,000¥1,000(Japanese style, Halal food,
Vegetarian food, sandwich)or ¥500
December 31, 2022. Please be aware that
(Japanese style)the early-bird registration fee is available Reception (Feb. 19)¥5,000
until 23:59, November 15, 2022 (Japanese
Table1 Feestime). For those wishing to participate in
表１ 各種登録料など
the conference after the online registration ends, on-site registration at the conference venue is possible, but earlyregistration is recommended to avoid a long wait at the reception.

2 月 21 日（月）つくば市内研究所訪問（半日）► 土木研 究 所 ダム水 理 実 験 施
設見学► 土木研究所 仮想洪水体験シス
テム体験► 宇宙航空研究開発機構 (JAXA）
筑波宇宙センター2 月 22 日（火）関東近郊現地視察（1日）► 2015 年関東・東北豪雨による鬼怒川破堤地点► 首都圏外郭放水路► 渡良瀬遊水地► 防 災科 学 技 術 研 究 所 (NIED)
大型降雨実験施設での豪雨体験〇 その他：
・企業ブースの設置も予定しており、詳細が決定次第あらためてサイト上などでお知らせします。

○ Field trip:・The planned destinations are as follows. More information is available at https://www.icfm9.jp/date_place.html .

February 21 (Mon): Half-day trip to research institutes in Tsukuba► Dam Hydraulics Laboratory of Public Works
Research Institute► Virtual flood experience using hydraulic simulation and VR devices at Public Works ResearchInstitute► Tsukuba Space of Japan Aerospace Exploration
Agency [TBD Space Dome]

Dam model

ダム水理実験模型
February 22 (Tue): One-day field trip
► Dyke break points along the Kinu River due to the Kanto and Tohoku heavy
rain in September 2015
► Metropolitan Area Outer Underground Discharge Channel► Watarase Yusuichi (retarding basin)► National Research Institute for Earth Science and Disaster Resilience (NIED)

Pressurization Water Tank
首都圏外郭放水路 調圧水槽

Large-scale Rainfall Simulator
大型降雨実験施設

Other:
・The details about the booth exhibition are currently being discussed and will beannounced on the ICFM9 website soon.
(Written by KURIBAYASHI Daisuke)

33

ICHARM Newsletter Volume 17 No. 3・October 2022

Miscellaneous

MiscellaneousComments from internship students
インターン生からのコメント

ICHARMでは、館野真悠さん（福島大学）、林 優斗さん（東京工業大学）、余田奈穂さん（東京大学）の3名をインターン生として2022年8月18日から26日にかけて受け入れました。
ICHARMでの活動を振り返って、3名からコメントをいただ
きました。

ICHARM accepted three internshipstudents Ms. TATENO Mayu from
Fukushima University, Mr. HAYASHI
Yuto from Tokyo Institute ofTechnology, and Ms. YODEN Nahofrom the University of Tokyo from
August 18 to August 26, 2022.
They kindly contributed shortmessages as below while looking backas their activities at ICHARM.

TATENO Mayu (Fukushima University) / 館野真悠（福島大学）
ICHARMは国際的な防災問題に熱心に取り組んでおり、魅力的な研究をたくさん紹介していただきました。野外調査にも同行し、私にとって貴重な経験になりました。下の画像はドローンを用いた植生調査での様子です。6日間ありがとうございました。

ICHARM is passionate about international disaster prevention issues, and the staff introduced me to manyfascinating research projects. I also accompanied thestaff on a field survey, which was a valuable experience
for me. The image below shows a vegetation survey
using a drone.
Thank you very much for the six days.

A scene from a field observation
using a UAV (drone)
ドローンを用いた野外調査の様子

HAYASHI Yuto (Tokyo Institute of Technology) / 林 優斗（東京工業大学）
8月18日から8月26日まで合計
7日間、夏季インターンシップ
でお世話になりました東京工業
大学学士三年の林優斗です。研
究の紹介や実際にモデルを動かしてみることで水分野への関心が強まり、大学での学習に取り組む際の大きなモチベーションになりました。
皆さん、お忙しい中でも私たち実習生の希望に沿って実習が行えるように調整をしてくださったり、工夫して伝えてくださったりしていただいたおかげ
でとても有意義な7日間になりました。今回の実習に携わってくださったすべての方々にお礼申し上げます。本当にありがとうございました。

I am Yuto Hayashi, a third-year bachelor’s student at
the Tokyo Institute of Technology, who spent a total ofseven days from 18 August to 26 August on a summer
internship. Introducing our research and actually working with the models strengthened my interest in thewater field and gave me great motivation for my studies
at university.
Thanks to everyone who took time out of their busy
schedules to make adjustments to the practical training
in line with our wishes and to communicate in creative
ways, we were able to have a very meaningful sevendays. I would like to thank everyone who was involved inthis training. Thank you very much.

Hazard maps produced using QGIS
in practical training
実 習 で QGIS を 用 い て 作 製 し た ハ
ザードマップYODEN Naho (the University of Tokyo) / 余田奈穂（東京大学）
土木研究所では5日間イン
ターンシップ生としてお世話になりました。このインターン
シップの講義を通して、モデルの物理的な意味を理解することの大切さといった考え方の部分も教えていただき、勉強になりました。お忙しい中私たちイン
ターンシップ生を受け入れてく
ださり、本当にありがとうございました。

I joined an internship at ICHARM for five days. I
learned not only individual pieces of knowledge and skills
but also the importance of understanding the physicalmeanings of models through the lectures in this internship. Thank you very much for everyone for taking careof us.

ICHARM Newsletter Volume 17 No. 3・October 2022

Hydraulic experimental flume that
we observed
見学させていただいた水理実験施設

34

MiscellaneousBusiness trips / 海外出張リスト* July - September 2022

●August 29 - September 10, KOIKE Toshio, Stockholm, Sweden, HELP advisory meeting; Delft, Netherlands, Meeting with IHE; Koblenz, Germany, Meetingwith ICWRGC; Geneva, Switzerland, WMO Scientific Advisory Panel●Septemner 10 - 18, NAGUMO Naoko, Coimbra, Portugal, 10th IAG International Conference on Geomorphology●September 25 - 29, OHARA Miho, NAITO Kensuke, NAGUMO Naoko, AIDA Kentaro, and Vicente Ballaran Jr. (- October 5), Los Banos, Santa Cruz, Pagsanjan,
San Fernando, Candaba, and Manila, the Philippines, Site visit of Pampanga River Basin, Pasig-Marikina River-Laguna Lake Basin and research meeting

Visitors / 訪問者リスト* July - September 2022

●Visited by delegate from Malaysia-Japan International Institute of Technology (MJIIT), August 25, 2022
*See “A group from MJIIT visits ICHARM” on page 29.
Purpose: As part of course work “MJIIT Master of Disaster Risk Management Japan Attachment”, Prof. EGASHIRA Shinji (ICHARM Research andTraining Advisor), Dr. MIYAMOTO Mamoru (Senior Researcher), and Dr. Qin Menglu (Research Specialist) gave lectures. Two Master’s students
from Malaysia also presented their outcomes of their coursework.

Publications / 発表論文リスト* July - September 2022

1. Journals, etc. / 学術雑誌（論文誌、ジャーナル）●Li Zhou, Toshio Koike, Kuniyoshi Takeuchi, Mohamed Rasmy and Katsuhiro Onuma, A Study on Availability of Ground Observations and Its Impacts on
Bias Correction of Satellite Precipitation Products and Hydrologic Simulation Efficiency, Journal of Hydrology, July 2022
●NAGUMO Naoko and EGASHIRA Shinji,、Multi-decadal Landform Evolution in the Sittaung River Estuary, Myanmar、地学雑誌、東京地学協会、Vol.131、pp.427-445、2022年8月25日

2. Oral Presentations (Including invited lectures) / 口頭発表（招待講演含む）●遠藤彩夏、木村美瑛子、中尾 毅、大原美保、藤兼雅和、地方自治体での水害対応ヒヤリ・ハット事例の発生傾向に関する分析、土木学会全国大会第77回年次
学術講演会、土木学会、2022年9月16日●南雲直子、傳田正利、原田大輔、小池俊雄、江頭進治、新屋孝文、洪水被害軽減に向けた仮想避難体験プログラム提供の試み、日本地理学会2022年秋季学術大会、日本地理学会、2022年09月24日●NAGUMO Naoko and EGASHIRA Shinji, Effect of water level variation on the channel width in the river mouth、10th IAG International Conference on
Geomorphology、International Association of Geomorphologists, September 13, 2022
●須貝俊彦、山野博哉、南雲直子、長谷川直子、自然地理教育の実践から明らかになった課題とそれをふまえた環境防災教育の展望、日本地理学会2022年秋
季学術大会、日本地理学会、2022年09月24日

3. Poster Presentations / ポスター発表
None / 該当者無し

4. Magazines, Articles / 雑誌、記事（土技資含む）●大原美保、アジアにおける水災害リスク評価に基づく流域治水の支援活動 ―HyDEPP-SATREPSフィリピンプロジェクトー、土木学会誌、流域治水特集号、Vol.107、No.6、pp.28-31、2022年6月●大原美保、新屋孝文、研究コラム フィリピン共和国との国際共同プロジェクト：HyDEPP-SATREPS、土木技術資料、Vol.64、No.7、pp.49、2022年7月

5. PWRI Publications / 土研刊行物（土研資料等）●宮崎了輔、Report on 2018-2019 M.Sc. Program, “Water-related Disaster Management Course of Disaster Management Policy Program”、第4420号、土木研究所資料、2022年7月1日

6. Other/ その他

None / 該当者無し

35

ICHARM Newsletter Volume 17 No. 3・October 2022

Miscellaneous

Editor's Note
編集後記

今年 7 月から始まった国内での新型コロナ第７波は予想を大きく上回る大流行となり、感染者数が20 万人を超える日も多くなりました。しかし秋の深まりとともに、全国的にも収束の方向に向かっているようです。今回の第 7 波の流行では、感染者の療養期間を１０日間から７日間に短縮したり、入国制限を緩和するなど、新型コロナとの共存の方向に舵を切ったよ
うに思われます。
そのような状況の中、ICHARM
でも海外との往来が徐々に戻りつつあります。もちろん、コロナ禍
の中で一気に進んだオンラインの活用も継続していきますが、対面での人的交流や現場への訪問による親近感や空気の共有も、実際の仕事を進めていく上では重要な要
素 で し ょ う。 例 え ば ICHARM では 9 月末に 13 名の留学生が修士課程を修了して、母国に戻られまし た。 最 後 の Farewell で は、 小池セ ンター長から留学 生に対し“ICHARM の Ambassador” と し て母国で活躍してほしい旨の激励がありました。このような直接の人的交流で得られる絆を、是非、ポストコロナの世界で深めていきた
いところです。

The 7th COVID-19 wave started from July 2022 in Japan and caused a large-scale
pandemic with over 200,000 new daily infection cases, which was much more serious than our prediction. However, as fall deepens, the wave fortunately seems
to be coming to an end. During the 7th wave, the government steered toward
adapting to life with COVID-19, implementing policies such as shortening the isolation period from 10 to 7 days and easing entry restrictions.
In these circumstances, ICHARM is gradually increasing travels to and from overseas. Although we continue to use online meetings, which were widely introduced
during the COVID-19 pandemic, face-to-face human interaction and on-site visits
are important for our work to share a sense of familiarity and atmosphere. For
example, at ICHARM, 13 international students completed the master’s program
and returned to their home countries at the end of September. At the farewell
gathering, ICHARM Executive Director KOIKE Toshio encouraged them to become“ICHARM Ambassadors” in their home countries. In the post-corona world, we
hope to deepen ties which can be fostered through such in-person relationships.
ICHARM Newsletter Editorial Committee
MORI Noriyuki

ICHARM ニュースレター
編集委員会
森 範行

メーリングリストへ登録ご希望の方は、下記 ICHARM ホームページの登録フォームか QR コードからご登録ください。
To subscribe the ICHARM Newsletter, please access the following site or the QR cord;
https://www.pwri.go.jp/icharm/mailmag/index.html
また、今後の配信を希望されない方やメールアドレスが変更になった方は
下記アドレスまでご一報ください。ご意見・ご感想もお待ちしています。
For those who want to unsubscribe the Newsletter, please contact us:icharm@pwri.go.jp
We welcome your comments and suggestions.

ICHARM Newsletter Volume 17 No. 3・October 2022

36