 ῑ ῔ῑ  ῎ῌ῍ῌ ῍ ῑῐ῎ ῌ ῑ῏῏ῌ     ῎῍  ῕ ΐ ῑ῏ ῏!"#$%&' ῍῔()*$+,- .Voice/ 012"#3*$4ῒ56789 ῑ:%ῌ;ῌ< =>5?@ABῑ:C%DE'8F ῐ'GHIJ K%LB M<%=NO'P78Q R'O ῌ< % 'OSNTG GUV9 WJ  ῌGU%XῐJY01Z[῏56\ P8 Xῐ5]H῎^_`aGb5678I 2"#3*$Bc def%'89 ghJiΐjkI6f9lmn%&efῑ:CopJ Hq6fGJHq^rst%uῌBpS`ῌIJTS ῎. ῍ῌ. ῎ῌ qvwxy ῑ῎ῌῌ z ῍ GUqvwx{|}01 %4ῌ'OGf9  Ji~ ῒ. ῍῍. ῍ῒ qvwxy ΐῌῌῑ z ῎   ῍ῒ. ῕. ῎ΐ qvwx ῎ῒῒῑ z ῏   ῎῍. ῐ. ῏ῌ qvwx ῍῍ῌ῕ z ῐ %7O῕=NOc\  ῎῍  ῕ ΐI Jghc\V789῍ῐH ῎Jk%Gf῏G?@ ῏- H %fῐH HH῎JH%\H%k=NOGfῒ'SJBkef ῎J ~%\H῍{ῌ ῍ῌ῍῎῏ῐ%ῐ8%ῒ'SJBkef%cG

῎Jk%Gf῏G%bef  % GO x{ΐ Vol. ῐῑNo. ῍῍  ῎  ῍῍ ΐ  pp. ῍ῒῒ ῌ ῍ΐ῎¡Hq^rst῕Befw¢^r %Ub£  ¤% GO H ῒ῎ῒ z  ΐ  ῍ ΐ  pp. ῐ῔ ῌ ῑῐ¡῎Jk%Gf῏G%bef  % GO ῕% GO  x{ΐ Vol. ῑ῕ No. ῍῍  ῍ῒ  ῍῍ ΐ  pp. ῍ΐ῍ ῌ ῍ΐ῏¡῎Jk%Gf῏G%bef  % GO ῕% GO x{ΐ Vol. ῒῐ No. ῒ  ῎῍  ῒ ΐ  pp. ῔῏ ῌ ῔ῑ¡¥῎῎῏¦542

g h i j ῍ ῎    ῍    ῍   ῍ ῎ῌ!῎ " # $$% & ῍ ' ῍()* +,῎-./0

῎&῍' 
1 ῍ ῍  2

34 56 789 ῍:;ῌ!῎@ ' %&<= >9 ? -A/0

B$ CDEF῏GE HIJ %+K > ?
N>9 ? OEPQEME @

L$GEM #"  N F 8@

+ > ? > ? >9 ? HRῌPST  #3+ UVWXYZSM῍ῑ. ῍ῌ. ῍῏ UVWX[\ ῎ΐ῏῎ ]a῍>  ^9 [_;?ῐ'>  ^9 [_;?

` a ῍ #>ῌ?  >f?

ῐ ' ῍ b῎c >  ^9 [_;? B  \ ῒῑ῏ ] &῍ῑ d ῍῍ ῐ' pp. ῔ῑ ῌ ῍ῐῐe541k῎῎῏lῌ       ῌ  ! "#   $% & '()*+ ,-.   ῌ  /,012    34,56,

7,  % &% , '() 8/  9:; <=8/ ῌ> ?0 3> 1@/ % &ABC/$ DE FGH IJ -K L  % &M DE / 1@/0 $5 NM O0  N, K7 <=8/ ῌ> ?0 3>, ῌ> ?ῌP0 ῌ> QQ$RQ PST, ,@ 8Q&-5 UGH V@ W
X/ DE$%YX Q/ ῌ Z[3   ,K\&K % &]^8 M [_ `a%b$b&

JIS ῌAcdefg

5`ah  ῌ % & i῎Mjk8/ JIS X ῌ῎῍῏ : ῎ῌῌῌ lm1n o῔ p ῍῍qr st%,@/ῌ ῌ  NTT uvw Nx ΐ yz{|M ῌ> o}Qr % &T$@/ /$  ῌ ~?Z[ ,K\&K R a@/ /%X 3 $%8 M

%8  ῏ ῍ ῎ MX7 ῏  3 %8 K,  o ῎ r NTT o uu ῍r @ῌ1@/,K@/ [ NTT uvw ῒ B ῐῌ  ῐῌ dB# ῌ % ῏ {57\ ,K@/Q/ ῌ  NTT uvwNx JIS ῌAcdefgz{,K@/  Zx%8  ῐ  oZr o ῏ r } ῏ o gZr o ῐ r@/ 7 ¡+¢ῌ  8&K\&K£RK,K@/  ¤X [ '()¥¦§ !¨©  ῒ. ῍῍.

῍ῒ '()¥ªC ΐῌῌΐ «ῒr%8 N8/ ¬M ῌ   %8

7­®8/<¯ JIS ῌAcdefg%8  ῌ  JIS X ῌ῎῍῏ : ῎ῌῌῌ῏8, %%8/ Q/ JIS X ῌ῎῍῏ : ῎ῌῌῌ ° ῑ. ῍. ῎. ῐ  R ´ µ¶±²³/ῒ r ·  ¸¹ N  V^ !¨© C ῒ῎ῒ « oΐ q ῍ r pp. ΐ῔ ῌ ῍῏ΐº»῎῎ῑ¼R 0540

c d e fd    ῍ ῎ ! "#$% &'(  ῏ ) ῍῍ ῐ*+, ῐῌῌῐ -*./0 (12῍ῌ23 4 ῌ567 89':;<' ῎ %"&89'( >24  ?@A ῏ ? ABCD'! E!
῍=ῌ"&89'  CG9(῍=ῌFHIJKLM4(  NῌOP89' Q89R RSJ( 12T3<UVW ῍( >2T3<UVWF ῍8 8XQ8RY῎539

Z[\]^_  `ab 8 `ῌbg῎῎῏hῌ ῍ῌῌ῏ῌ ῌ῎ 538

 n  ~ῐc ῍¡ &¢*' £ ῏῔ ¤ ῍ῐ  ῎ῌ !" #$% & ῑῒῌῌῌ %'" ()*+,-./012$% & ῎῍ῌῌῌ%'" 34$% & ῒ῔ῌῌῌ %' 567" 895:ΐ'; <=<" >?῔'@ῌA %!BCD; EFG" #$%H" ()*+,-./012$%H" 34$%H @ῌA !IFJDD" KDLKMN;#$%O @ῌA 5IPDD!" HQRP" ST(UV#WῌXNYZ[1\]MG" ^_#O @ῌA 5IPDDKDL `!D; ST(UV! @ %a%bc%$deA  @ῌA 5 @ %A K f<JDNgh"

iN#!jD<" < O:J#$%I7Nkl!DKDLKm;$n" ()*+,-./012!" @o%A 5pqrGKGsNtu5 <JDNK=v" ()*+,-./012$% @ῌA OIFJDD!" wxyK!D; z<" 34$%! @ῌA !IFJDDO" {|}@῍A!IFJDN &~ ῑ '; Q"  @῍A !ῌnSTVO <JDN%M

ΐ '  ῍ Z% EDJ" 1"  ῎ῌ 1 & ῎῍  ῏ '" pp. ῏῍ ῌ ῐῑ῔ ' ?" * & ῎῍  ῏ '537¥῎῎῔¦ῌ AWM῏ ῌ ῐS῏T῍A4UV῍ ῎῍  ῑ ῑ ῍ῌ ῒ ῌῒ Voice ῎ !"# $%&%'῍() *+,῎ΐ-./01 ,῎  223 456 781 9. :ΐ-4;<81 => ῎?ῒ5@῍ABC .DE " F1 FGH ῎?
ῒ5@῍ABC 4

ῌ #IA8:ῌ῏!0:F JK

1O8 ῎?ῒ5@῍ABCX῎῎ῑYLM ῐ Nῌ .PA !! 8:F # ,῎῔Q536

R T  ῑ  ῍ ῌP&Q῍RS"  ῌ  ῌ      ῍*+,῎-. /0123-456

῎  ῏ !" #$%&' ()&748  9 :; 22 <= 22> #='  ?9 ῌ@  22>>9  22>9 < ABC

DEF G  HIJKLM N O P&Q῍RS" ,T-UV  P&Q῍RS" ,WX<8Y ῌ   4   4<= Z[ \] -<  ῌ   -^ T_`ab c῍d] -<efg cZ4hO3c P&Q῍RS"  ῌ i.Y T_`jabklXABCm n kl<G ῌ wx

4 opῌqr-ῌstu v P&Q῍RS" i.Yy \ #4 =z' h{ZgOc] P&Q῍RS" |}~MM < ]O ῎ G8 [ P&Q῍RS"   e<=4<G  OK HIJKLM *+,῎G8 -g \^  8-u * ]O 4 ῍ῌ -Z 4 /0123 44 9X-  { 8 G LM Voice" 5 ῎῍  ΐ  ῍ῐ  ῍ῒ  ῎ῌ535

G8 ῍ῌ ῌ Voice"  ῌ@ 23῎῏ῌ1ῌ3 5»   !

"#$ %&'(1ῌ23 4 ῌ ' )*+,-./ 01ῌ3 )56&78-  ῎ 9": 1ῌ2;<=3 !' 5"& >῏?@ A''"B6CD  )EA  (AFG6&H! 'EAI-6J KL)2MN OPQ A%R) STUVWAX ) YZ [A \&  ]-^"_`' a bῐ cd+e ῍  ῏ῌ fgh 1i3j1῎3j1ῌ3 )  kΐlmn opq kr st῍5un{|1ῌ3 vw x ya z "Kῐ }6&~ῐ ῒ kr st῍5un A]ῐ 1ῌ3eA6ῐ ῌ? ῐK ~ῐx 'AA  kr st῍5un A 1ῌ23 4'\ΐ῍῍

 1ῌ23 4 {| A K

&  A x  FAX vw 1ῌ3  1555V3 Ay6 ῎. ῍ῌ. ῎ῌ  ῐ῎ῌῌ a!6& )  ] 1i23  1ῌ23 
 $ ]#¡ $Rya  bῐV¢ £$ 1ῌ2;<=3 )῎#&¤V5 1ῌ3 ῑ   ῑ Ay¥'\¦§¨©ªe  1ῌ2;<= «¬3  $o] ­῎ΐ¬?$p)?

® ¤ 1ῌ3 A¯$¡"  ῑ A/$]y'\  (&¦e" bῐ $ 1ῌ23 4 ( 1i23  $& °{  ῌ( 1῍23  $& ? «ῑ ¬ ''ΐ±6& 1ῌ2;<=3¤­῎!³p]´ "# ­῎µ $& ?´ 0
ΐ ¬  ῍ῒ ² ῐ ῍$­῎¶·¸¹Wº¼῎῏῍½534

9 : ; <῍  ῎   ῍ῌ ῎  ῌ῎   !"  #$%  ῌ &' ῌ( )* ῌ+,&'  -  . ῎ ῍0῎533 %'1Voice2,  ῌ/   - 34) ῌ( )*+5 ῌ6῎78=ῌ῍ῌ>The T¶h¶ Gakuh¶ Journal of Oriental Studies Kyoto No. ῒῑ ῎ῌ῍ῌ ῑῐ῎  ῑ῏῏Considering the Character ῌKoichi Y6HJD@6

ῌ has been regarded as a “wrong” character by MJJ Ministry of JusticeJapan It is excluded from the Unified Character Set for Family’s Registers ῌ῍
 in Japan, and from the computer character sets such as JIS X ῌ῎῍῏ or Unicode.

ῌIn September, ῎ῌῌΐ, MBS Mainichi Broadcast Station reported about a family,whose family name had been ῌ  and was changed into  by MJJ. MJJ hasbeen trying to exclude “wrong” characters from Family’s Registers, correcting theminto “right” characters. MJJ considered ῌ as a “wrong” character and corrected itinto  . MBS contacted CIEAS Center for Informatics in East Asian Studies,Institute for Research in Humanities, Kyoto University about the character ῌ,and the author, a faculty member of CIEAS, was interviewed.
In fact ῌ is less common nowadays. Thus the author, also a member of JIScommittee, did not include ῌ in JIS X ῌ῎῍῏, since JIS X ῌ῎῍῏ should includecharacters that are common in Japan. However, ῌ was used more frequently in theKamakura period and appeared in old Japanese dictionaries. ῌ is a rarelyῌusedcharacter but not a “wrong” one.
As a result MJJ withdrew their decision about ῌ and reῌcorrected the familyname into ῌ . But MJJ is still trying to exclude other “wrong” characters fromFamily’s Registers even now.

765