受験番号：32IPE019

問１.
【請求項１】A cardiothoracic ratio calculating device for calculating a cardiothoracic ratio based on achest X-ray image, the cardiothoracic ratio calculating device comprising:a measurement position estimation unit configured to estimate a lung rightend position, a lung left end position, a heart right end position, and a heart left end
position in the chest X-ray image,a cardiothoracic ratio calculation unit configured to calculate a cardiothoracic
ratio based on the lung right end position, the lung left end position, the heart right end
position, and the heart left end position that are estimated, wherein
the measurement position estimation unit divides the chest X-ray image into aplurality of horizontal regions, detects a lung right end candidate and a lung left end
candidate based on a pixel value in each of the plurality of horizontal regions, anddetects a heart right end candidate and a heart left end candidate based on adifferential value of the pixel value in a horizontal direction, andfurther, based on a distance between a lung midpoint determined by the lungright end candidate and the lung left end candidate and a heart midpoint determined by
the heart right end candidate and the heart left end candidate, or a ratio of the distanceto a lung width determined by the lung right end candidate and the lung left end
candidate, a specific horizontal region is extracted, and a lung right end candidate, alung left end candidate, a heart right end candidate and a heart left end candidate in
the specific horizontal region extracted are respectively inferred to be a lung right end
position, a lung left end position, a heart right end position, and a heart left endposition.
【請求項２】
The cardiothoracic ratio calculating device according to claim 1, whereinin a case that the pixel value increases as an X-ray transmittance increases,
the measurement position estimation unit
detects, in a region within a predetermined range from a right edge of ahorizontal region of the plurality of horizontal regions, a position with a lowest pixel
value as the lung right end candidate, anddetects, in a region within a predetermined range from a left edge of ahorizontal region of the plurality of horizontal regions, a position with a lowest pixel
value as the lung left end candidate.

【請求項３】The cardiothoracic ratio calculating device according to any one of claims 1 and 2,
whereinthe measurement position estimation unit
detects, as the heart right end candidate, a position where the differential
value is largest in a negative direction between the lung right end candidate and thelung left end candidate in a horizontal region of the plurality of horizontal regions, anddetects, as the heart left end candidate, a position where the differential value
is largest in a positive direction between the lung right end candidate and the lung left
end candidate in a horizontal region of the plurality of horizontal regions.
問２.
A technique called a blockchain has been known. The technique is a mechanism tosynchronize the same record between a number of nodes in a network, and in a casethat a new record is added to an existing record, a block serving as a recording unit
determines the content (hash) of the immediately preceding block, and the block isadded one after another in a chain. That is why the technique is called the blockchain.
In general, the term blockchain may refer to the structure of a database in which blocks
are connected in a chain, and the term blockchain may also be used in a broad sensethat includes a mechanism for operating as a P2P network and a mechanism fortransaction approval, so the definition of the term blockchain is currently not clear.
Therefore, in the present specification, in order to prevent confusion between the twousages, the former is referred to as "blockchain" when the term is used in a narrow
sense, and the latter is referred to as "blockchain technique" when the term is used in a
broad sense.
The blockchain technique has many advantages such as zero downtime, difficulty inalteration, and low cost, so the blockchain technique is also beginning to attract
attention as a method of managing, as transactions, information of not only virtual
currencies including Bitcoin and its derivatives but also various assets. For example,
Non-Patent Literature 1 describes that a blockchain, which can play an important roleto establish reliability, is used for proof of existence and proof of identity of various
documents.
The blockchain technique is generally categorized into a public node method and aprivate node method. The public node method is a method in which anyone canparticipate as a node in a network. On the other hand, the private node method is amethod in which only those who are authorized as nodes in a network can participate.

問３.
In a case of Flashback
In the burner 100, in a case that a flashback R enters from the burner element 15, as
illustrated in FIG. 3B, the heat of the flashback R causes the heat-expandable member
22 to thermally expand toward the inner peripheral side, thereby forming aheat-expandable member 222 in which the opening 22H is closed.
As a result, the closed opening 22H of the heat-expandable member 222 (22) prevents
the heat of the flashback R and the ultraviolet L emitted by the flame F generated by
the burner element 15 from arriving at the flame detection sensor 23.
In the present embodiment, the control unit (not illustrated) is configured to determine
that, for example, in a case that the flame detection sensor 23 detects ultraviolet L, theburner 100 is normally burning, and in a case that the amount of ultraviolet light L
detected by the flame detection sensor 23 is equal to or less than a configured threshold(including zero), either a flashback or a misfire event has occurred.
As a result, in a case that the burner 100 misfires and does not emit the ultraviolet L,
and in a case that the heat-expandable member 22 thermally expands and the flame
detection sensor 23 does not detect the ultraviolet L as illustrated in FIG. 3B, or in acase that the amount of the ultraviolet L detected is equal to or less than the threshold,it is determined that either a flashback or a misfire event has occurred in the burner100.