IBLAW Field Study Trip 2019
“Toward Enhancement of Quality of life”
February 20th-March 2nd,2019

Graduate School of International Social Sciences
Department of International and Business Law
Graduate School of International Social Sciences

IBLAW Field Study Trip 2019
Toward Enhancement of Quality of LifeA group of 13 students, 2 professors from Yokohama National University
1 professor from the Wayo Women's University and
2 professors from Ferris University participated in a field study trip
to the Philippines from February 20th to March 2nd ,20191

IBLAW Field Study Trip 2019
Table of Contents
1. List of Participants3

2. Metro Manila Development Authority (MMDA), Manila Bay

5

3. JobsConnect MANPOWER AGENCY, Inc.

8

4. Development Action for Women Network

10

5. One World Japanese Language Center

12

6. Uygongco Foundation Iloilo(UFI)

14

7. Naptron International Placement Agency Iloilo Branch

16

8. NGO LOOB

18

9. National Irrigation Administration

21

10. Center For Agrarian Reform and Rural Development(CARRD)

24

11. Marikina City

26

12. Center for Migrant Advocacy

28

13. Department of Social and Development(DSWD)

30

14. Atty. Peter John Javier

32

15. Philippine Board of Investments(BOI)32

16. Uniplan Overseas Employment Inc. Nouryoku Japanese Language School35

17. University of The Philippines,Diliman

37

18. Ateneo De Manila University

39

19. Lupang Pangako Elementary School

41

20. NGO Halo Halo43

21. Department of Environment and Natural Resources(DENR)

45

22. Woman Involved in Nation-building Philippines (WIN)47

23. Kanlungan SA ER-MA Ministry, INC.

49

24. St. Scholastica’s Academy of Marikina

51

25. Philippines Overseas Employment Administration

53

26. Photo Essay

55

2

T

he study trip to the Philippines since its inception in 2005 has produced for the student’s

research. We are very glad and honored to participate in our IBLAW field study-trip with thetheme “Toward Enhancement of Quality of Life”. Our team, consisting of thirteen students
from Japan, China, Congolese, accompany with five professors, visited many agencies,
authorities schools located in Metro Manila and Iloilo island.

List of Participants
Professors
SurnameGiven name

M/F

Nationality

1

Kabashima

HiromiF

Japanese

Professor

2

Kobayashi

Takaaki

M

Japanese

3

Kanamaru

Yuji

MJapanese

Associate
Professor
Professor

4

Ogaya

Chiho

F

Japanese

Professor

5

Suginohara

MasakoF

Japanese

Associate
Professor

SurnameMiho
Ayumi
LiuyinXiangfu
SongwanKileleRika
KiyokaMika
Ayaka
MomokaYukinoHina

Given nameMarutake
Oguro
Zhong
Liu
Cao
PierreYamamoto
Ebina
KimuraIwasaki
Yamamoto
Osada
Okubo

M/F
F
F
F
F
M
M
F
F
F
F
F
F
F

Nationality
JapaneseJapanese
ChineseChineseChineseCongoleseJapaneseJapaneseJapaneseJapaneseJapaneseJapaneseJapanese

Student
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13

3

M1
M1
M1
M1
M1
M1
M1
U1
U2
U2
U2
U3
U3

Group Reports by Students

4Metro Manila Development Authority(MMDA),Manila Bay
Date and Time: 21 February 2019, 10:00-16:00
Place: MMDA Building,EDSA corner Orense
St,Guadalupe Nuevo, Makati City PHILIPPINEABOUT MMDA
MMDA(Metro

Manilamanagement of garbage, andManila Bay Rehabilitation program.
TRAFFICMetro Manila has a lot of traffic issues.
Road congestion because of the population
growth, undisciplined driving behavior, highaccident rate, inadequate road network,
and illegally parked vehicles and illegal
vendors. They are trying to solve these
problems with technological ways.

Development

Authority) is an agency which manages
whole Metropolitan Manila in thePhilippines. They perform planning,monitoring,
coordinating,implementing
functions,
exerciseregulatory
andsupervisory authority over the delivery of
metro-wide services.
We visited there to ask about the situationof traffic in Metro Manila which is talked
very heavy, and environmental efforts
especially about garbage collection systemand the situation of Manila Bay.
They were very welcome for accepting us.
When we get out of a car, a marching band
started their music. They guided us to theroom and gave presentations about traffic,

One of that is COMMAND CONTROL AND
COMMUNICATION CENTER. They took us
there and showed the room which issurrounded by a lot of monitors. In this room,
they monitor main roads in metro manila,
24hours. They also make use of SNS andprovide information.
SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT
According to the 2019 estimated waste
generation, Metro Manila generates
5

58,112.31 m3 of garbage per day. Eachbarangays segregate the waste and collectit, and then LGUs(Local Government Units– cities and municipalities) collect it fromthem according to their own 10 years SWM
Plan(Solid Waste Management Plan). After
that, MMDA disposes of its waste by fillingit. Metro Manila has many challenges
related to solid waste management. Some
wastes end up in waterways and clog
drainage, it exacerbates the damage byflood. Aboutlandfill, its capacities are finite, locations
are not strategic, people who live there,
such as waste pickers are vulnerable healthhazards. In order to solve these problems,
they have started many projects. They
prepare for Master Plan on SWM, minimize
the waste in waterways by pumping, makeidentification of an area for SLF(SanitaryLand Fill). And they hold a barangay forum“Lodi Ko Si Kap”, and an event “Kiddie
Summit” to educate
childrenforsustainability.

they have done not only just clean-up but also
various activities such as social rescue forvagrants and mendicants, apprehension ofanti-littering
violators,
flood
controlmanagement, ferry service which include
garbage collection along Pasig river.

2/21 15:00 Manila Bay
MANILA BAY REHABILITATION
Rehabilitation activities were launched.
Together with MMDA and other mandamus
agencies, the DENR led the activities. In theclean-up project, 10 thousand people
participated as a volunteer. For rehabilitation,

Manila Bay was full of solid waste andthe water was almost mad before as theysaid,
6but when we visited there, it was very clear
and reflected the sunlight. They told us thatin 6 months, it is available to swim in Manila
Bay.
MOST IMPRESSIVE THING
What I was most impressed is how eager
they are to educate children. They
recognize the importance of education forsustainability, and they seem to bepassionate about it. However, still, theycannot provide the proper education forchildren in an illegal area. They said it
depends on each barangay’s chairman, but
it seems it takes a long time to realize welldisciplined solid waste management.

Reported by Mika Kimura

7

JobsConnect MANPOWER
AGENCY, Inc.
SAIJOU INTERNATIONAL
TRAINING CENTER, INC.

And they mentioned that they use social
media to recruit or meet the need of clients.

On the other hand, Ms. Eloisa Bayani whoare president of JobsConnect often goes tothe Middle East to visit employees orworkers and to protect OFWs or check
employers. It’s just not only by phone or email to fix some problems. It’s shown thatthey have the responsibility to protect
trainees they deployed.

Date and Time: February 22, 2019,10:00-12:00
Place: Units 1102, 1103 & 1109 One
Executive Office Building,No. 5 West
Avenue, Quezon City 1104 Philippines.

When they started to send trainees toJapan on TITP, they needed a Japanese
language school. Now they have training
centers outside of Metro Manila. Especially,
Saijou International Training Center is agood partner with JobsConnect.

1)
Overview of JobsConnect
Manpower agency, IncJ

obsConnect was founded in 2013

and they started to send trainees of TITP in
2017. This company deploys professionals,
office maintenance, drivers, cook, care
worker, and nurse to Saudi Arabia, UAE,
Qatar and Japan. The industries thatapplicants work overseas vary by country.
About applicants, the gender ratio is more
female than male, most of care workers arefemale. And applicants come from outsideof Manila. When they recruit trainees, they
focus attitude.

2) Saijou International Training Center
Before we conducted the presentation,
we looked Saijou International Training
Center where is in the same building. FromMonday to Saturday the students study for6 months to get N4 level of Japanese
language here because N4 is required towork as a care worker in Japan on TITP.
This center has 5 classes.
8

Two teachers teaching Japanese in theclass had been to Japan on JPEPA. So
their Japanese language is very well. The
teacher said I don’t have a problem when I
teach Japanese language. But Corazon C.
Shobiri who is a president of this centersaid that there is no native teacher here,
it’s a problem They can learn not only
Japanese language, but also cultural
backgrounds and Japanese culture, forexample, a bean-scattering ceremony on
February and Kimono. Therefore they canhave the opportunities to know manythings about Japanese language andculture.
Reported by Yamamoto Rika

9

Development Action
for Women Network
Date and time: 22 February 2019, 14:00-16:00
Place: Unit 3, 3rd Floor, Bocobo Commercial Center 1253 J.
Bocobo St.corner Padre Faura St.Ermita 1000, Manila,
PHILIPPINESThe Development Action for Women

Network(DAWN)isanon-government,nonprofit organization established to assist
distressed women migrants from Japan,
aswell as their Japanese-Filipino children,in the promotion and protection of theirrights and welfare. It was registered with
the Securities andExchange Commission (SEC) on February
6, 1996. In 2011, DAWN expanded its
programs to include Filipino

migrant domestic workers and their families.
DAWN is licensed and accredited by the
Department of Social Welfare andDevelopment (DSWD) and accredited by
the Department of Labor and Employment(DOLE).
Sikhay is DAWN’s maiden alternative
livelihood program for women. Sikhay isshort for Sikap-Buhay which means striving
for a better life or self-empowerment. It
presently consists ofsewing and handloom

10

weaving. Sikhay shall continue to
showcase the livelihood activities as
effective tools for the empowerment of
women. These products were really
beautiful, and we bought a lot.
We asked “Have you ever been
discriminated against an entertainer inJapan?” and one of women who used towork as an entertainer in Japan said,“when I was in Japan as an entertainer,some Japanese people scornfully laughedand stared at me, andwhispered‘probably she is working at Philippine’s
Pub’ I pretended not to hear them but I got
offended” I couldn’t believe that. However
it is real. We hope these situation will workout successfully.

Reported by Hina Okubo

11

Filipino people is few in the Philippines.
Then, they wanted to contribute bothproblems.

One World Japanese Language
CenterDate and Time: February 22,
2019,14:00-16:30
Place: Room207, 560 Quezon Ave.
Brgy. Tatalon, Quezon City,
Philippine 1113.

Their vision are implementation of
education of high quality for the Filipino
people, teaching Japanese culture andspirits and cultivating human resource
capable of spiritual exchange withJapanese people. It’s one of thefeatures of this school to specialize
education to be a care worker in Japan
on TITP. In order to support them whowant to study Japanese language, they
have four courses, which is Basiccourse, Intermediate course, Basic andIntermediate course and Passing N3
course.

1) Overview of One World Japanese

Language CenterO

ne World Japanese Language

center was established in 2017 in
Quezon City. In addition, they haveanother Japanese language school,
which started in the same year in Ajuy,
Iloilo. And one more school will start
this year in Pangasinan.

3) How they recruit new students andProblems
On TITP, recruitment agency andJapaneselanguageschoolusually
combine to sending trainees to Japan, but
the company doesn’t have agency, so
cannot deploy trainees. They just recruit
students. Therefore, they have a difficulty2) Their vision

The purpose of this school is tocontribute to problems in Japan and thePhilippines. In short, Japan is thedecreasing birth rate and an aging
society so that will lack 380000 nurses
or caregivers in 2025. On the other
hand, employment opportunity for12to look for Filipino students, who can learn
Japanese for 2 or 6 months because many
Filipino people don’t have saving to study,
so they have to work for their family. In short,most Filipino people can’t afford to study
because of economical poverty. Even if they
start to learn Japanese language at thisschool, it’s difficult for students to keep
going to school. Therefore, it is also
problematic that the rate of dropout is also
high.
Although they have these problems, they
try to do new activities such as a creating
new school and foundation. I guess that
their advantage is having strong
connections with Japanese counter
partners.
4) Interaction with students

After the interview, we looked twoclassrooms. There were about 10 students
each class. I was surprised because
Japanese language skill of students arevery well. After we introduced own self, we
had some conversations with students. I
think that the students are very polite andhave good attitudes when they wereintroducing themselves.

Reported by Rika Yamamoto

13

Uygongco Foundation Iloilo
Date and time: 23 February 2019, 8:3012:00
Place: Arroyo St, Iloilo City Proper,
Iloilo City,S

chedule：8:30-9:30 orientation
9:30-10:00 Guimaras Island at the Don
Pedro Vasquez Elementary School
10:00-12:00 help prepare lunch forchildren; look around school;interview about feeding
program 1.Introduction
There is no feeding system in thePhilippines(developing country), wherestudents bring packed lunches to school.
The Philippines cannot charge for food tofamilies. In the Philippines, where there are
more children from poor families, students
cannot be charged for food because of
discrimination caused by the imposition offood fees. Many mothers do not have thetime or money to provide their children withlunch, so the children can only buy breadand snacks in the school canteen, while theprices in the street shops are higher than
the normal prices, so many poor children
can only drink water and have classes onan empty stomach without any food inschool. This not only affects children's
health, but also affects children's academic
performance.
How do you eat lunch with a kid from a
primary school in the Philippines? Whatabout

the contents of the bento? Do children who
do not have a lunch supply become unable
to concentrate on school attendance, andare NGO available to assist schools withfeeding programs for needy students?
Holding on to the questions and so on I
started to study andvisit.
2.About UFI
Foundation
Feeding
Program
UFI’s
feeding
programruns for 210
days within14the school year under feeding Program.
During the school year, UFI’s Feeding
Program provides the elementary school
beneficiaries with one full meal daily,purchased and prepared by students’parents. With the help of a nutritionist, UFI
Foundation provides the school with ahandbook of policies and recipes to ensurethat the children receive a well-balanced
meal. Hunger and malnutrition often lead todropouts among public school pupils. To
support the Department of Education’s
School-Based Feeding Program, it provided
daily lunch to children across the country tohelp them stay in school.

Vasquez Elementary School and meetingthe many wonderful school children andtheir parents and teachers.
UFI Foundation is the only one in thePhilippines to hire parents to help prepare
lunches and feed their children. This will not
only help poor families increase theirincome, but also help children eat better.
The consortium is building kitchens anddining rooms, hiring nutritionists andcreating its own nutritional menu to help
students stay healthy and focus on theirstudies. After visiting the whole process ofstudents having lunch, I was deeply
impressed.
The
schoolcafeteria
environment is clean, parents are active tohelp, the children are full of gratitude, while
praying with gratitude to enjoy lunch. Lunch
includes both meat and vegetables as well
as fruit. In a word, the consortium has madegreat efforts for children's nutrition, healthand study, and made contributions to thecountry's educational cause.

3.Interview and outputs
First, we met with Ms. Pia,Executive
Director of Uygongco Foundation on
February 23, 2019 at Uygongco Foundation
office in Iloilo City to listen a presentationand then Ms. Pia arranged a visit for us to
the school feeding program in Guimaras
Island at the Don Pedro

Reported by Xiangfu Liu

15

Naptron International Placement Agency Iloilo Branch

Date and Time: February 23, 2019, 11:00-12:00
Place: Iloilo City Proper MO2, Sta. Cruz Bldg, Ledesma St.,
Corner Fuentes St., Gloria, Iloilo City, 5000 Iloilo, Philippines

to 44. The minimum age limit is in order to
exclude students and upper age limit isconsidered health problems. The number ofapplicants is about 25,920. So they have
deployed a lot of people so far.
But they don’t have a counterpart inJapan. She said that most of Filipino want
to work in Japan. If she had a chance tosend Filipino workers to Japan, she wants
to do. I was wondering what is advantage ofJapan. She said, Japan is good country for
Filipino workers because wages are higher
than other country and workers can workovertime. Therefore, she wanted to findcounter partners in Japan. On the other
hand, overtime work aren’t allowed in the
Middle East.
In Iloilo city, there are more 100
recruitment agencies deploying workers tooverseas. It suggests that there is great
demand of working abroad.

1) Overview of Naptron

International Placement Agency

NaptronInternational

Placement

Agency in Iloilo branch is started from 2010
for 9 years. This company mainly deploys
female who works as a domestic helper to
Middle East such as Qatar, UAE.
Additionally, they also deploy to Hong Kong
and Taiwan. Host countries requires female
domestic helpers, so there is no maleapplicant for this job.
About applicant age, they have age limitsof the application that is from 23 up

2) Their recruitment

She goes to Job fair and marketingsometimes, and pass out fryers, radio toadvertise. But she said the most effective
way is recommendation by family or friends.
They contact with agency and each
employer for protection for OFWs.

16

countries such as the Middle East. I guess
Japan has some advantage for Filipino
workers. Additionally, I learned that there
are also a lot of people who want to go
abroad in Iloilo and the competitive rate
among recruitment agencies are very high.

Before I visit there, I didn’t sure that thisagency deploy trainees on TITP, finally, they
don’t do that. Although I couldn’t interview
about sending condition on TITP, I could
learn the differences of working condition
between Japan and other

Reported by Rika Yamamoto

17

NGO LOOB
Date and time: 23 February 2019, 13:00~17:30
Place: Lot 23 Block 15 NHA Phase 2, Mandurriao, Iloilo City,
5000 Iloilo(dumpsite, street children etc...)

1. IntroductionMy purpose of this trip is to learn about

2. About NGO LOOBLOOB was established for developing
community and youth in Iloilo city in 2001.
This group form Love Our Own Brethren
Inc.(LOOB) of a Filipino local subsidiary(NGO). The motto of LOOB is “No a onesided support, let’s grow and learn withnative of the Philippines”.
Main project

improving environmental issues andpoverty in the Philippines.
When I was junior high school and highschool student, I was working in Japanese
NPO called “I CAN” This NPO is supporting
Filipino/a street children of Manila, andsupporting disasters of typhoon in thePhilippines.
I mainly actived street fund-raising inJapan and selling Fair Trade production
by mother who lives dumpsite is calledsmoky mountains in Quezon City forincomes up in my school festival or event.
Thereby, I interested in improving povertyof the Philippines, since then. I want toknow deeply about social problems

・International work camp and Study tour・ Supporting education for about 80
children・Supporting a livelihood for adult by fairtrade etc...

18

Next, I went to entrance of dumpsite, lookedsome scavengers separated a lot of
garbage. These garbage is divided recycle
garbage that can sell like pet bottles andunsold garbage like plastic bag. The former
garbage collected is sold by scavenger injunk shop. On the other hand, the later one
is discardedin dumpsite. All garbage of Iloilo city arecollected in this dumpsite. Most of Iloilo
burgher do not separate trash. So thescavenger must separate all of them. If thecitizen separate their trash, scavenger do
not need to separate them. It is all overagain

And I visited region of living scavenger’s
family. I saw scattering of many waste
around all house. Especially, there aremany plastic bag. I ask mother of the home
the reason why is pet bottles and aluminum
can change money, so they pick up the
garbage, but plastic bag cannot charge
money, so they do not pick up and discardthem in field and near river.
Then I noticed that the cause ofenvironmental issues is consciousness
what people of region want to clean up theirown environment. For example, why must
not you throw away of waste in river andfield. The reason why is connecting to
detrimental effect for human. For example,
garbage what is litter by human is carried off
in the river and sea. Thereby many fish weeat died, Also we eat these fish wereraised in dirty water mixed waste, thewaste and bacteria enter our body.
So we must throw away of trash in nature
and we think only of the present’s gain or
loss. But this thinking is not most ofFilipino/a thinking.
However I think this environmental
problem of garbage should on no accountbe left by different thinking.I think that notrecycled and discarded garbage like plastic
bag will be change something of value.In
Japan, a Japanese cooperations developed
incinerator what can commit various
garbage like raw waste, leather and rubber
to the fire. In addition, it discharges very
little harmful industrial waste. Also, ash wasmade by incineration is recycled material of
cement.
In the Philippines, refuse incineration is19

robots will almost work.
I think that what can we do for improving
environmental problems and poverty of thePhilippines through this dumpsite tour. I will
study include this subject from now on. So I
want to visit to dumpsite again and I want tostudy deeper than this time.

prohibited by law. But such technologies of
efficient incineration will be given
recognition, and I hope it can be establish in
the Philippines in the future.
However, some scavenger will lost asteady job. They will be able to work in theincineration, but it probably cannot cover all
scavengers of the Philippines because

Reported By Momoka Yamamoto

20

NIA(National Irrigation Administration)

Date and time:24 February
2019, 10:00-14:00
Place: Zone 3, Pagsanga-an-Tacas-Quintin Salas Rd, Jaro,
Iloilo, Philippines

W

the National Irrigation Administration’s (NIA)
flagship project in Western Visayas. JRMP
II aims to usher inclusive development
among stakeholders achieved throughharnessing the potential of the Jalaur Riverfor multi-purpose benefit while minimizing
feasible impacts to the environment and to
the project-covered communities. Suchbenefits include year-round irrigation, bulk
water supply, hydroelectric power, and ecotourism among many others. Primarye visited NIA on 24th February in

Iloilocity.
The
National
Irrigation
Administration Rrgional Office Ⅵpresented
the Jalaur River Multi-Purpose Project
Stage II (JRMP II)project by Mr. Steve
Cordero and then we had a dam tour.
The Jalaur River Multi-Purpose Project
Stage II (JRMP II) is the first large-scalewater reservoir to be constructed in the
Visayas and Mindanao regions. In fact, it is21

areas that shall be served by the project
include the towns of Calinog, Lambunao,
Badiangan, Janiuay, Cabatuan, Sta.
Barbara, Pavia, Alimodian, Leon, San
Miguel, Oton, Tigbauan, Duenas, San
Enrique, Anilao, Dingle, Barotac Nuevo,
Dumangas, Mina, New Lucena, Pototan,
Zarraga and Leganes, Passi City, and Iloilo
City.

prepared adhering to the result of theEnvironmental Impact Assessment (EIA)
conducted for the project.
JRMP II is Iloilo’s priority. NIA positive for
implementation kick off this year. Fifty sevenyears after Republic Act (RA) 2651 waspassed,Iloilo’sbiggestirrigation
development project continues to be apriority for the Ilonggos.

For its second stage, the project involves
three major components, Irrigation
Development,
Environmental
andWatershed Management, and Institutional
Development. For Irrigation Development,
JRMP II covers the construction of threedams, all in Calinog Town, and a high line
canal that will traverse nine towns of theprovince of Iloilo, from Calinog to Oton town.
It will also rehabilitate and modernize
existing National Irrigation Systems (NIS) in
the province.

JRMP II will give the necessary boost to theagriculture sector by providing year-roundirrigation to 31,840 hectares of farm lands.
It will increase annual rice production from140, 000 to 300, 000 metric tons and willcontribute to the national rice selfsufficiency target of 7.6 percent.
Also, its 6.6 megawatts hydroelectric powerand bulk water components will augment
the province’s and the city’s demand for
power and potable water. The project will
also generate employment opportunities
during construction as well as eco-cultural
tourism particularly in the hinterlands ofCalinog town during operation.

Judicious execution of sound environmental
plans and programs relative to JRMP II
implementation is the major objective of theEnvironmental
andWatershed
Management component. Also, thiscomponent aims to protect and to preserve
the forests to ensure water for the project.
Further still,

No less than our national leaders saw thesepotentials of the Jalaur River as early as
1950s. As such, during the incumbency of
President Carlos P. Garcia, House Speaker
Daniel Romualdez and Senate President
Eulogio Rodriguez, RA 2651 was approvedon June 18, 1960.

National Irrigation Administration（NIA）
it involves securing an Environmental
Compliance Certificate (ECC) from theEnvironmental Management Bureau (EMB)
and creation of a Multi-Partite Monitoring
Team (MMT) to monitor NIA’s complianceto environmental regulations and conditionsof the ECC. All plans relative to theenvironment and the watershed were

The law specifically provides that “There
shall be constructed at the Jalaur River in
the Province of Iloilo, based on plans andspecifications duly approved by the
Secretary of Public Works and22

Communications, a multi-purpose project,
to be known as the Jalaur Multi-Purpose
Project, here in after called the Project, forthe purposes of regulating and controlling
floods caused by the Jalaur River, storing its
waters and using them to irrigate
agricultural lands in the Jalaur Valley, andgenerating and transmitting electric powerand energy”.

and eco-tourism. It has since enjoyed the
support of Indigenous Peoples, farmers,
national government agencies, Local
Government Units (LGU), religious groups
and the business sector.
The entire delegation learned a lot from themeeting and the dam tour. In particular, I
found that this project hires local residents
and creates employment, which I thought it
is a good point. Also I got a great impression
on the transparency of the information. The
dam tour was also interesting. I was
impressed that you continue sustainable
development while continuing maintenance,
not neglecting after JICA’s aid is over.

JRMP II will build the very first large-scale
reservoir dam in the Visayas and Mindanao.
It will bring year-round irrigation to more 31,840 hectares of farmlands in the province.
On top of this, it will also provide thousandsof livelihood in
implementation, hydroelectric power supply,
bulk water supply, flood mitigation

Reported by Songwan Cao

23

Center for Agrarian Reform and Rural Development(CARRD)
Katilingban sang Agraryo Padulong sa Pag-uswag sang Iloilo Agrarian
Reform Cooperative (KASAPPI-ARC)

Date and Time: 24 February 2019, 14:00~16:00
Place: Corner A. Panes St. & Commonwealth Drive, Passi City
(3) Brief History(1) CARRD

Farmers in Barangay Salngan have been
engaging in organic farming since 1990s.
However, they couldn’t get enough profit
due to the bad condition of farm to market
road and insufficient agricultural facilities.
CARRD started supporting them in 2004.
CARRD provides them some training andcapital so that they can get profit by organic
farming. Furthermore, they could constructproper facilities with support from the Japan
Embassy and Department of Agriculture.
In 2010, the government enacted “Organic
Agriculture Act of 2010”. According to theact, only licensed products can be sold asorganic products from 2016. Those are soldat the premium price in the market.
KASAPPI got the certification in 2017, but it
expired last year.
So they have been trying to renew it
since then.

C

ARRD stands for Center for Agrarian
Reform and Rural Development. It is aNPOsupporting
agrarianreformbeneficiaries and their cooperatives. They
help small-scale farmers by securing theirproperty rights and teaching organic
farming and marketing.
(2) KASAPPIKASAPPI stands for Katilingban sang mga
Agraryo Padulong sa Pag-Uswag sang
Iloilo.
It is a cooperative founded by agrarianreform beneficiaries and CARRD in 2007.
The number of members were 17 when it
started, but it reaches 570 as of 2019.
Those members
are small-scale farmers. They produce multitypes of organic rice such as black and redrice.
They sell their rice in Metro Manila. The
price is 120 peso/kg, which is almost triplecomparing to the price of non-organic rice.
In 2017, the Philippines' Department ofAgriculture Western Visayas Region gavethem an award for their contribution in the
promotion of organic agriculture inWestern Visayas.

(4) The difficulties to get the certification

As I mentioned above, all products soldas organic products in the market should
be licensed
from the third-party
organization. KASAPPI got it in 2017 withsupport from CARRD, but that process
wasn’t easy.
According to the interview, there are atleast two difficulties to be licensed.
24those licensed organic products are sold at
a higher price than non-organic ones, so
those farmers seem to get benefits.
On the other hand, the certification system
could be a burden for promoting organic
farming. In fact, most of organic farmers are
small-scale farmers in the Philippines. It
seems difficult for them to cover all costs
and prepare all facilities to meet thestandards. If they organize themselves like
KASAPPI, they can get a chance, but even
KASAPPI got some support from otherorganizations. In other words, those whoorganize themselves and gain some
support form outside can benefit from thecurrent system.
The government aims to turn 5 % of
agricultural farm areas into organic farm.
However, it would be difficult to achieve it
unless they reconsider the system andmake it more achievable to small-scale
farmers.
Organic farming itself has a lot of potentials
in this day and age as we try to pursue
sustainable development and livelihood.
I hope that the Philippines will be one ofleading countries of organic farming in the
futureFirstly, it costs too much to get thecertification. KASAPPI managed to do itwith subsidy from the government and other
donors. In addition to that, it expires after 1
year and they have to pay the same amountto renew it.
Secondly, there are some certain standards.
In order to get it, they have to pass them.
KASAPPI struggles to reach one ofstandards now, which is rice before milling
and rice after milling should be stored indifferent storages. Currently, they put milled
rice and non-milled rice in sacs withdifferent colors and store them separately ina storage in order to tell the difference.
However, it is not enough. Those rice must
be stored in different storages according to
the standard.
They try to get support from donors toconstruct a new storage.
(5)A concern on the situation of organic
farming in the Philippines
Through the interview, I got a concern on
the situation of organic farming in thePhilippines
The government have promoted organic
farming since Organic Agriculture Act of2010 enacted. They try to keep quality highby making the standards. In the market,

Reported by Ayumi Oguro
25

Marikina City
Date and time:25 February 2019, 11:00-17:00

M

which Professor Ogaya was indebted. I
think that it is a poor area even in Marikina
city. The road was very narrow and the car
couldn’t getin, so parked the car on the avenue. As we
got off and passed through the road, theresidents greeted. They were very kind.
When we got to home, the family was
enthusiastically welcomed us. The structureof the house was divided on the first floor
and the second floor. There is a reason forthis structure because it is close to the
Marikina River, so when the typhoon comes,
all of the first floor will sink into the water.
They said that it was extremely tough as we
had to bring all the baggage on the first floor
to the second floor before the typhoon came
every year. According to Professor Ogaya,
this family has relatively money in this area
because the grandfather worked in Saudi
Arabia as OFW. They prepared Philippines
home dishes, it was very delicious. After themeal, we were invited to the entertainment.
We were play games and danced witharikina City, is a 1st class highly

urbanized city in Metro Manila, Philippines.
According to the 2015 census, it has apopulation of 450,741 people.
Located along the eastern border of Metro
Manila, Marikina is the main gateway ofMetro Manila to Rizal and Quezon
provincesthrough
Marikina–Infanta
Highway. It is bordered on the west by
Quezon City, to the south by Pasig andCainta, to the north by San Mateo and to theeast by Antipolo, the capital of Rizal
province.
Marikina was the provincial capital of theProvince of Manila from 1898 to 1899. It
then became one of the towns of Rizal
Province prior to the formation of Metro
Manila. A formerly rural settlement, Marikina
is now primarily residential and industrial,and has become increasingly commercial inrecent years. Marikina is also considered
one of the wealthiest local government units
in the Philippines.
The place we visited this time was the family
26year, and the damage other than when abad typhoon was alleviated was alleviated• The other side of the river is a hill andthere are rich home villas
The group who interested in OFWs alsointerviewed one OFWs family, and we knewthat her husband was worked in Saudi
Arabia as OFW. The husband madeanother woman but he sent money to she.
The interviewee was very angry and said
that she wanted to kill her husband. She
stressed that help from the government is
not enough at all and children can not go toschool.
Through the Marikina City tour, we learned
a lot. We realized that although they are not
wealthy , they are all positive, optimistic andhealthy. I think mental poverty is the realpoverty. Also, OFWs is good in terms ofmoney, but there are problems in family
terms. Through the tour we were able toheal and refresh tired mind and body. All of
us will remember and cherish our memories
there.

kids. It seems to have returned to ourinnocent childhood. We were very enjoyed.
Then we visiting the Marikina River, andinterviewed residents.
Through the interview and observation, we
understood the following things.
• The electricity bill is measured at 1400
pesos (one example), meter is used as theusage amount• Measuring water usage with meter
properly• I bought the land which was originally apotato farmer and became a residentialarea• If the flood is severe it may flood up to thesecond floor• Typhoon is about 15 times a year
• In households we sorted garbage
securely and collected for each type of
garbage, collecting three times a week, but
inside the garbage bags that were aroundwere not separated• Drain is clogged with dust
• Damages were made in the river lastReported by Songwan Cao

27

Center for Migrant Advocacy

Date and time：25 Feburary 2019,16:00-18:00
Rm. 205, CRM Building 3, 106 Kamias Road,
Quezon City 1102 Philippines

1. About CMA

C

During the visit, we divided into threegroupsaccording to the areas that each member
concern about. Having an interested in
OFWs, I became a member of the laborgroup. Safety and security are the main
subject in this part. of overseas workers.
On the other hand, we also focus ontechnical training of workers. And the
problem of children staying in Philippines.
We pay attention to the following issues:· What kind of training they receive before
overseas workers go abroad.
· Before going abroad, how much would be
paid by the workers themselves.
· How long would be incurred when
meeting the requirements for leaving thecountry.
· How do workers adapt to overseas life
after going abroad, and if there is an
emergency, can they contact theappropriate agencies for protecting theirpersonal safeties.

MA is an advocacy group that

promotes the right of overseas Filipinos
land or sea based migrant workers andFilipino immigrants and their families. The
Center works to help improve the economic,
social and political conditions of migrantFilipino families everywhere through policy
advocacy,
information
dissemination,
networking, capability-building, research,and direct assistance.
CMA is a society where justice, good
governance, equal opportunity and genderequality prevails. Where migrants enjoy
equal rights and protection regardless ofnationality, ethnicity, religion, gender,
occupation and residency status.
CMA aims to uphold the rights of all Filipino
migrants and their families while helping to
improve their economic, social and politicalconditions through policy advocacy,
information, networking and partnership,capability-building and direct assistance todistressed migrants.

3. About the interview
We visited CMA in the afternoon at 25,
February. Our group met the executive

2. Our concerns28

as high cost before going abroad, andsecurity cannot be guaranteed after goingabroad. There are still many shortcomings
under various policies and systems. Theseissues are as follows：

director, Ellene A. Sana. First of all, I would
like to thank Ellene for providing us with a
lot of information and thanking her patiently
for answering our questions. Ellene
introduced us to the contents of POEA,
DOLE, OWWA, NRCO and otherinstitutions.
All the help provided by the government is
indeed effective. For example, provide
technical training. In order to allow overseas
workers to adapt to local life after goingabroad, they have established language
requirements. The government has also set
up corresponding overseas offices toprotect and support overseas workers.
Among them, the G2G project is anintergovernmental overseas laborer project.
But the people who can enjoy the G2G
project are still a minority. More workers areto go abroad through the· The government has indeed set up
security support points overseas, but due tothe small number of establishments, there
are still problems that overseas workers
cannot contact or are difficult to contact.
·Overseas workers still have to pay a largepart of the cost before going abroad.
Including visa fees, air tickets, training fees,
etc.
·Overseas workers do not have national
insurance after returning home.
·The government provided financial
assistance to help workers returning toPhilippines, but there was no other follow-

private sector to get a certificate issued by
POEA.

up help.
Reported by Liuyin Zhong

At present, there are still problems such
29

Department of Social Welfare and Development
Date and Time: 26 February 2019, 10:00~12:00
Place: Constitution Hill, Batasan Complex Quezon City, Philippines(1) Department of Social Welfare
and Development(DSWD)

D

Most of countries provide cash grants to ahouseholds with children or pregnant
woman and put some conditions on
Education and Health.

SWD is one of the government

agencies. They implement social protection
programs
andpoverty
reduction
programs.Their main programs are
Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino
Program(4Ps), KALAHI CIDSS-NCDDP,
Sustainable Livelihood Program.
This time, we had an great opportunity to
do an interview with three staffs of 4Ps.
4Ps is a Conditional Cash Transfer
Program(CCT) and the biggest program of
DSWD in terms of its budget allocation.

(3) 4Ps
4Ps was started in 2008 by the president
Arroyo. During the following term ofpresident Aquino, it expanded rapidly andbecame the third largest CCT in the world
as of 2015.
Currently, 65% of DSWD’s budget isallocated for it. It is one of the flagshippoverty reduction program in the countrynow.
It has two main objectives.
One is to alleviate beneficiaries immediateneed. The other one is to break theintergenerational poverty cycle throughinvestments in human capital.
According to the interview, its distinctive
feature is the participation of Family(2) CCT
CCT was started in Mexico in 1990s.
Since it got attentions form World Bankand other donors as a favorable poverty
reduction program, many countries haveadopted it.
30

Development Sessions(FDS) which is oneof the conditions.
FDS is a session held once a month toempower beneficiaries. They discuss many
topics such as 4Ps itself and their parentalroles. It used to be held by DSWD’s staff,
but as the number of beneficiaries
increased, some of sessions are held byNGOs and private companies now. It has
good impacts on beneficiaries according toresearches on 4Ps.

Through this field trip, I asked opinions on
4Ps from different people with various
perspectives. Overall, it seems to getfavorable reviews although there are somecritical opinions.
It is implemented all over the country
except one province. Moreover, it reaches
their targeted number of beneficiaries which
is 440 million households. Considering thesize of the program, there is a possibility
that the way of implementing andeffectiveness would be different dependingon the area. And there is a concern about its
sustainability because of its big budget
allocation.
However, as far as I know, it helps
beneficiaries and they want it to becontinued. Furthermore, DSWD establishes
MCCT and Grievance Redress System
which captures and resolve grievances
about 4Ps including targeting errors. They
try to achieve “No one will be left behind” as
SDGs advocates.
I hope 4Ps will continue contributing topoverty reduction in the Philippines.

(4) Modified Conditional Cash Transfer(MCCT)In addition to 4Ps, DSWD implements
MCCT. It targets those who are not coveredby 4Ps. Beneficiaries are homeless people,
indigenous people and people in need of
special protection. The objective is to
mainstream them into 4Ps. It has almost thesame system as 4Ps in terms of the amountof cash grant and conditions, but it has
some special services such as Cash forWork and Shelter Assistance.
(5) My personal impression

Reported by Ayumi Oguro

31

Kapunan Tamano Javier Bay & Associates
Date and Time:February 26, 2019,10:00-12:00
Place:Unit 807 Antel Global Corporate Center, Ortigas Center, Pasig City
1605,Manila

Department of Trade and Industry to the Philippines Boardof Investments
Date and Time:March 1st 2019,14:00-16:00
Place:Industry and Investments Building 385 Senator Gil Puyat
Avenue, Makati City 1200, Makati, Metro Manila

Regarding my research topic, the mainof arbitral tribunals involving the Philippines;(ii) threshold of trust in arbitration involving
foreign investors based on the impact of theemerging and challenging issues on thePhilippines.
This report encompasses two mains points
regarding my research topic “Emerging
and challenging issues in International
Investment Law: Corruption and Legitimate
Expectations in ASEAN and SADC”: (i)Key outcomes of the interviews and thevalue-added from the interdisciplinary
approach and international team (ii). i. Key
outcomes
Under the supervision of Prof. Kobayashi
and Kabashima, a draft of my research
project outlines was made, as well as my
Résumé and Questionnaires (attached toobjective pursued in the IBLaw Field Trip
Philippines 2019 consist of assessing theexisting framework in regard of investment
issues as linked to “corruption” and“investor’s legitimate expectations”. The
situation regarding the Philippines is part of
the whole study as it will be presented in mythesis. It aims at catching the perception
and evolution of the relationships between
foreign investors and host state regarding
corruption-related
investment
issuesandlegitimate
expectations-related investment issues. It ispart of my research which aims at
comparing these issues within ASEAN and
SADC. Especially, it intended to have a ideaon (i) the thought on evenhandedness
32

are still ongoing. As said above, regarding
legal
issueson
corruption-related
investment matters; government officials
are in favour of denying to foreign investors
any advantage when performing theirinvestments through bride and corruption.
However, they do not see any
inconvenience in protecting the hostgovernment even when its officials would
have been at the forefront of such
behaviour. In conclusion, the governmentalside thinks that the way corruption-related
issues are actually settled to the detrimentof the only foreign investor is “fair” towards
the host State. Concerning legitimate
expectations, they think it “unfair” to restrict
the legitimate right of the host State toregulate on matters of public interest inwhich foreign investors have been granted
permits to exploit. The Philippine
government officials trust the international
and independent arbitration system but
would like investment treaty-claims withforeign investors to be brought before its
judiciary given raising concern on theinternational arbitration system.

this document) to securing interviews fromthe private and public sectors. The private
sector was represented by a Law Firm andthe public sector by the Philippines Board of
Investments.
Interviews were conducted at- Kapunan Tamano Javier Bay &Associates at Manila Office, Unit 807 Antel
Global Corporate Center, Ortigas Center,
Pasig City 1605. Interviewee, AttorneyPeter John U. Javier on Tuesday, February
26, 2019.
-Department of Trade and Industry to thePhilippines Board of Investments, 1200
Makati City.
Interviewees: Dr. Ceferinos S. Rodolfo,
Vice-Chairman and Managing Head; Lanie
O. Dormiendo,
Division Chief International Investments
Promotion Service and Attorney Ian Dennis
B. Legal andCompliance Service on Friday, March 1st
2019.
The perception on those two problematic
issues is different depending on the sector
to which belongs the interviewee.
Government officials are worry about
legitimate expectations recognized to foster
foreign investor’s rights in the hostState; while in favour of the one-sided
settlement of corruption-related investment
issues. To counter the eventuality of any“legitimate expectations-related issue”, thePhilippine government is promoting a policy
balancing its right to regulate while
promoting foreign investors in making surethe protection accorded to foreign investors
does not affect the ability of the government(central and local) to improving basic needsof people. There are stringent regulations
on total foreign ownership in the Philippines.
Regarding corruption-related issues, thePhilippine government has been accused ofcorruption but the case was settled
otherwise than international arbitration. The
Philippine government also accused someforeign investors of corruption whenestablishing their investments. Procedures

The private sector – the law Firm – is muchin favour of international and independent
arbitration to settle investment issues
between the host State and foreign
investors. It also advises it clients (foreign
investors) to deal more with the private
sector in order to avoid eventual corruption
case as in the Philippines some government
officials expect bribery during theadministrative processing.
ii.
Interdisciplinary
approachandinternational teamBesides my own research interest in thisField Trip, I learned from my colleagues on
issues of paramount important such as
Environment, Gender, Women in Politics,
Development Cooperation, Agriculture(rice), Indigenous rights in implementing
project that impact environment.
I could then perceive legal issues on
additional basis such social, economy,
technological, environmental. Moreover,33

from social, economical, environmental or
technological concerns; I could be capableof extracting legal issues related to.
In addition to that, the fact of students being
originated from different countries (Japan,
China, Congo); issues found in thePhilippines were discussed also on acomparative basis with Japan, China andCongo. That was the case during the visit of“Clean-Up Manila Bay Project”, the National
Irrigation Agency, Dumpsite, School
Feeding Program, etc.

Reported by Kilele Pierre

34

Uniplan Overseas Employment Inc.
Achieve Universal International Recruitment agency
NOURYOKU JAPANESE LANGUAGE SCHOOL

Date and Time: February 22, 2019, 9:45-12:00
Place: 302 J.P. Rizal St., Project 4, Quezon City, Metro
Manila, Philippines 1109WevisitedUniplana big company. Their trainees work inconstruction or cleaning industries.

Overseas

Employment on 26th, Mrs. Elnora MeriaVillafaña who is president of Uniplan andMrs. Ma. Lourdes N. Meria who ispresidentofAchieve
Universal
International recruitment agency, they
accepted us kindly. When we entered into
the meeting room, we could notice that
there are things Japanese in the meetingroom. It was interesting some posters thatthe words, ‘HOURENSOU’ and ‘KAIZEN’
were written on the top. I didn’t expect that
I saw these words in the Philippines.

2) Recruitment on TITP

Their applicant also come from outside ofMetro-Manila, such as Davao and Mindanao,
People who live in rural area want to go abroad
because they don't have jobs. Additionally, theapplicants comes Manila because Uniplan has
a dormitory where is near the agency.
About how to train applicants. Firstly,
applicants have to attend 1 day orientation,and they have to live in the dormitory forstudy Japanese language, culture andlaws. They can check what kind of personis that applicants.
When asked what is the most important
recruitment standard, they said it’s theirattitude. In addition, they check how
trainees learn Japanese language fast.
About deployed worker, male workers
more than female workers are deployed.
It’s very interesting that applicants whoare polite and serious and not insolent are
preferred because it’s really similar to
Japanese employment practice.
How they support trainees, they mentioned

1) Overview of Uniplan

Uniplan Inc. was founded in 1987. They
have also deployed highly skilled worker.
It’s
35thirties.

that our support is not financially.
Additionally, they also go to Japan tosupport them.
3) NOURYOKU JAPANESE LANGUAGESCHOOL
They run a training center to learn
Nihongo and Japanese culture upstairs ofthe main office. After the interview, we
visited two classes. In each class, a Filipino
teacher was teaching Japanese language.
The teacher used to work in japan.
The students learn not only Japanese
language and culture, but also ethics. For
example, ‘HOURENSOU’ and ‘KAIZEN’.
I thought their age are form twenties toFinished visiting all of these institutions, I
learned that applicants are recruited fromoutside of Manila, they study Japanese
language and culture for several months in
the Philippines. After that, they go to Japanas a trainee. I could see that they study not
only Japanese language, but also how togreet and how to be polite in line with thenorms of Japanese company. Moreover, I
found that each agencies and language
schools have different features.
I think these experiences are very valuable
for me.

Reported by Rika Yamamoto

36University of the Philippines
Date and Time: 26 February 2019, 13:0018:00
Place: Roxas Ave, Diliman, Quezon City, Metro Manila, Philippines

On 26th February, we visited University

to make Filipinos become aware andappreciate their multi-cultural origins. They
have some courses like Japanese Studies
101 and Global Studies 197. Lastly, theymentioned about student life of UP students
with some graphs in the presentation. We
could find the differences between theirschool life and our school life. Actually,
Japanese university students spend a lot oftime on our part time job in a university life
but almost all Filipino students don’t have apart time job.
After the presentations, we divided us intosome groups and discussed somequestions from the presentations like “Whatare differences in school life in thePhilippines and Japan?” Our group
discussed how does each country manage
the garbages in the country. The way tomanage garbages is completely different.
Japanese government burn the garbages
but Filipino government bury them. Other
groups discussed the scholarship programin each country. Filipino students surprised
thatJapanesescholarshipis not“scholarship”, it’s like a students loan.
There
are
many
differencesin
environmental problems and education
systems. I think we don’t need to say which
better is. We just need to learn from eachother.
Then, we move on to the campus tourof the Philippines. At first, our students from
Ferris University and Wayo Women’s
University gave a presentation about
environment and education. We explained
our concerns, environmental problems in
the Philippines and Japan, education in thePhilippines and Japan.
After that, students of University of thePhilippines gave us a presentation about
their university. In the presentation, UP
students mentioned that University of thePhilippines is the only national university inthe country. It was established in 1908 and
it is ranked 156th in Asian university
ranking. They also explained the numberof students, area of their university andtheir colleges. It has approximately 22,765
students and their campus is 493 hectares.
There are four main colleges in UP
Diliman: 1.Arts and letters cluster,
2.Management and economics cluster,
3.Social sciences and law cluster,
4.Science and technology cluster. Somefamous people like Dr. Fedel Mundo andGuillermo Tolentino graduated from theuniversity. 6 out of 16 Philippine presidents
also graduated from the university. UP
students introduced about University of thePhilippines centre for international studies(UPCIS). It was established in 2000. They
try
37

conducted by UP students. All of us
surprised that the size of the university.
There are some traffic signs, market
places and dormitories. They also has thearea people who is not a student can live.
It was like a town for me. It was wonderfulexperience to talk to UP students and I

think it makes us to have interest more indifferent
countries.

Reported by Yuniko Osada
38

Ateneo de Manila University

Date and Time: 26th Feb 2019 15:30-17:30
Place: Katipunan Avenue, Loyola Heights, Quezon City 1108,
Philippines

1, Overview

is a professor of Ateneo de Manila
University and she specializes in urban
poverty. The interview was like a seminar.

My interest about the Philippines isurban poverty. I watched a movie "God's
Children" and I was shocked at the badsituation of the poor in urban areas in the
country. It occurred to me that why theycannot escape poverty. Therefore, we
conduct an interview with Dr. Karaos. She

2, Causes of Poverty
Poor people who live in urban areas areclassified into two types. Some people
come from rural areas and the others wereborn in urban areas. In farming areas,
39there are tenant farmers. They have somedifficulties. Independent farmers canimprove their lives by themselves, while
tenant farmers cannot control their lives.
Besides, infrastructures and irrigations are
insufficient. Furthermore, it is difficult toescape poverty for many poor people from
cities. Firstly, job opportunities are few partly
because of high growth of population. If
companies want to hire people, thesecompanies request employees to get acertain skill. Secondly, even if tuition of
public schools is free, it is hard for somefamilies to let their children go to school
because they cannot afford to pay
transportation, food, allowance and so on.
Consequently, some children drop out. Low
education leads low incomes and causes a
vicious circle

with the idea that rural areas are the key tosolve the problem because the percentage
of poverty is the highest in the areas.
Government should support more not only
for education but also for improvements ofinfrastructures and irrigations. Moreover,there are many NGOs in the Philippines.
They are supported by both foreign aid anddevelopment aid and needed by thegovernment for grass-roots level efforts. In
other words, they compensate government.
On the other hand, there are negative
consequences. They sometimes try toremain. Dr. Karaos insisted that it is good forNGOs to join the government, but the
government should have more roles.
4, Impressions
In my opinion, urban poverty in thePhilippines should solved as soon as
possible after I visited Payatas, which has
many poor people. However, I learned fromthis interview that it is so hard to solve it due
to corruption of government and big
businesses. Though, if the problem issolved, not only the poor but also the othersin the Philippines will live happier.

3, Solutions
To reduce urban poverty, Dr. Karaos
asserted that they should invest in humancapital like education and health. Human
capital such as education, skills and good
health are important to find jobs. How toincrease the number of the jobs is anotherchallenge for the government. She agrees

Reported by Kiyoka Ebina

40

Lupang Pangako Elementary school

Date and Time:27th Feb 2019 10:00-12:00
Place:Novaliches, Quezon City, Metro Man

41

were learning were not very different fromthe subjects we are learning in Japan.

On the morning of February 27th, we
visited Lupang Pangako Elementary school.
It was a public elementary school. We
observed a class where a teacher taught
math to some students and asked somequestions to teachers. We saw the students
leaning hard and participating class actively.
At the school, we saw so many students,
and according to a teacher, there were 60
classrooms and 145 teachers. They divided
classrooms into morning part and afternoon
part because there were so many kids.
Most of Philippine people can speak English
freely. They learnt the alphabet when they
were 5 years old. The subjects which theyThose were Science, English, Mothertongue, Social studies, Music, Art, PE, andHealth. And they have to take the exam 4times a year.
Between the morning class and theafternoon class, a meeting was hold.
Students lined up and they sang somesongs. The songs were Philippine national
anthem, the song of Christian, and so on.
What impressed me most was the number

from the school was also impressed.

of the children. Some of us saw aroundclassrooms at the school. There were somany students. We cannot imagine suchthe number of the children being at one
school in Japan. In addition, the point thatmany parents took their children to andReported by Ayaka Iwasaki

42

NPO HALO HALO
Date: 27 Feb 2019, 12:00-17:00
Place: Fukagawa 1-1-2-403, Koto-ku,
Tokyo, Japan 1350-0033 (They don’t
have the specific establishment in
the Philippines.)
community for develop and to
manage development project.
They have three main activities to achieve
the mission:
1. Living improvement
2.Education
3.Advocacy

N

They try to bring up people andorganizations through these activities.
Firstly, as a living improvement program,they produce fair trade products made ofwaste materials like snack packs and sell it
at some markets not only in the Philippines
but also in Japan. They established theirown fair trade bland called AngKyut.
Secondly, as an education program, they
have a scholarship program to support
children to go to university. Thirdly, as an
advocacy, they plan some activities likestudy tour.

PO HALO HALO is a Nonprofit

Organization from Japan. They started theiractivity as a fair trade sales promotion of
NGO LOOB in 2008. In 2014, it wasestablished as NPO HALO HALO. Theirvision is ‘Everyone work and live dignity’.
They told us it is important to have a vision
for NPO like them. They try hard for thevision. Their mission is to make opportunity
for sustainable community development
with
Philippines and Japanese cooperationand to empower people in the community,
support to build organization in the

On 27th February, we joined the study tourin Payatas, Quezon City. The building which
we use is used as a pre-school likekindergarten. At first, they gave us apresentation about them. They explained
what I said in the above in the43

presentation. After that, we had Filipino
lunch together. Then, we watched a dumpsite which collapsed about 18 years ago.
We after that, we were divided into threegroups and visited some houses tointerview. Each group visited two houses.
On the interview, each of us asked somequestions according to own interests. I
asked about election in the Philippines.
Obviously, there are differences between
election system in Japan and thePhilippines. In the Philippines, they lose
their suffrage if they don’t vote several

times so they vote every time. I think it might
become one of a good tip to increase poll inJapan. At last, we went back to the placeand fed back each other. Received their
feedback, I was surprised that economic
level of each house is completely different
even if they live same Barangay. My group
visited the houses living in relatively good
economic conditions but the other group
visited the houses whose economic
conditions were absolutely different fromthe house we visited.

Reported by Yukino Osada

44

Department of Environment and Natural Resources
Date: 28 Feb 2019, 10:00-12:00
Place: Visayas Avenue, Diliman,Quezon City,
1100 PhilippinesD

programs, Land Management, Biodiversity
Management, Forest Protection, Expanded
National Greening Program, Ecosystems
Research and Development, Climate
Change, Responsible Mining, Clean Water,
Clean Air, Solid Waste Management. These
activities of the DENR should be based on
the elements, which is called
SRAC(Sustainable,ResearchBased,Adaptive, Collaborative).

ENR(Department of Environment andNatural Resources) has a program for the
next five years of environmental
governance which is called PRRD(Programfor Environment and Natural Resources for
Restoration,
Rehabilitation,
andDevelopment). It includes 3 main keywords,
Social Justice to enjoy equitability for all
people, Good and Effective Governancewhich promises honesty, and Inclusive
Growth for economic growth in upland andcoastal communities. They have 10 priority

They showed us a video about Manila Bay
Rehabilitation. According to it, in the shortterm(in 2019), they aim quick fixes to makeswimmable beaches in Manila Bay. And in45

the medium term(from 2020 to 2022), they
will provide a sewerage system andrelocation for priority areas to make Manila
Bay finally cleaned up and rehabilitated. In
the long term (after 2023) they will provide
a full implementation for the seweragesystem and relocation to preserve therehabilitated Manila Bay.
Now, only 15% of the population isconnected to sewerage in NCR(National
Capital Region), and only 3.84% outside

the NCR are provided with sanitation
services. 233,000 informal settler families
live on tidelands and they directly discharge
their wastes to the water.
The first phase of Rehabilitation is clean-up
and water quality improvement, the second
is rehabilitation and resettlement, and thethird is education and sustainment. It willtake a long time, especially for education,
but it is necessary for improving
their
qualityoflife.

Reported by Mika Kimura46

Woman Involved in Nation-building Philippines (WIN)Date and Time: 28th Feb 2019, 14:00-16:30 Location: Unit
1910, Medical Plaza Ortigas Bldg., San Miguel Avenue,
Ortigas Center 1605

WIN,

established in 1984, is a non-governmentalorganization dedicated to encouraging andsupporting the participation of women innational development. WIN’s mission isparity and partnership between men andwomen in nation building. It is envisioned as
dynamic and self-sustaining institution
working towards capability building.
Through the years, WIN has been providing
technical assistance to a network of women
involved in nation-building particularly
women leaders in government.
This
has
been
done
throughseminars/workshops,
projects
andprograms designed to build the skills

women leaders by networking and teaming
up with government, NGOs the private
sector and funding agencies.
The WIN’s project that I am especiallyinterested in is “the Livelihood Project”
which has started recently. The project
supports grassroots women economically.
First of all, WIN collect some money withregistration fees for seminars/lectures ongender issues that they host. Then, WINprovides the money to women who are
suffering from poverty as living costs.
Moreover, WIN does not just provide money,
but also make a kind of a sustainablesystem to earn money for women. First ofall, WIN provides a weaving training to
women so that they can be a weaver. After
that, WIN educates women on economical
knowledge and business, and make thehandling project bigger. Women become
able to run the weaving business by theirown eventually. Products that women madeare sold at seminars/lectures that WIN
hosts. That means that WIN also provides amarket to sell products to women. That is
how the Livelihood Project works. Women
becameof47

problem can be solved.
I was impressed by the project story and I
strongly felt the importance that government,
NGOs and other sectors have an interest in
gender issues and do some activities
positively to fill the gender gap.

able to earn third times than before becauseof the project. Women who cannot get
income have a limited money from theirhusbands and have to make ends meet withthe little money. If women ask theirhusbands more money, their husbands use
violence on them. This is one of gender
problems. So, if women become able to
make money by themselves by the project,
the gender

Reported by Miho Marutake
48

Kanlungan SA ER-MA Ministry, INC.
Date and Time: 1st Mar 2019, 10:00-11:30
Place: 2029 F. Benitez St., Malate, Manila.

I

n 1988, Kanlungan was established in
response to the growing menace of abuse
anexploitation of street children in Metro
Manila. While “Kanlungan” means sanctuary or
refuge, Er-Ma stands for Ermita-Malate, theformer red light district of the capital.
Kanlungan is a non-profit organization,
licensed by the DSWD (Department ofSocial Welfare and Development) to
operate as a child-caring agency and isregistered with SEC (Securities andExchange Commission). Kanlungan’s
49

mission is to serve, protect and develop
children in need of special protection andtheir families through a holistic approachand Christian care to improve their quality oflife and well-being and to break the bondsof poverty.
Age range of children that Kanlungan takes
care of is 5 to 20 for boys and 5 to 15 forgirls. Abused children usually go to “drop-in
center” located in each barangay. Shelters
find abused children in the drop center andtake them to Kanlungan to take care of them.
Some of those children who have theirmothers of OFWs (Overseas

Filipino Workers), especially girls, areabused physically and sexually by theirfathers.
Kanlungan has many programs for
all children:
1) Street Education Program,
2) After care,3) Drop-in Center and Community Center,4)Advocacy,5)Income Generating Projects,6)Residential Care and Training Centerand 7)Dorcas Farm iDevelopment Center.

I was very impressed by “Income
Generating Projects.” Kanlungan does notprovides foods, educations and spaces forplaying, but also provides an opportunity towork and earn money to children.
Kanlungan has two businesses: A coffee
shop and A second-hand shop. Big children
such as university students can learn fromworking and also get income, which is very
helpful to live by themselves when thosechildren become adults.
I had a cup of coffee at the shop and it washigh quality and also great.

Reported by Miho Marutake

50St. Scholastica’s Academy of Marikina
Date and time: 1 March 2019, 13:00-16:00
Place: 2 West Drive, Marikina Heights, Marikina City,
PhilippinesSchedule13:00-14:00 interview
14:00-15:00 class observation
15:00-16:00 look around the school

The reason why we choose St.

▪ Before that, we

Scholastica’s Academy of Marikina

elementary school in Iloilo, visited the51

went to the publickitchen, learned about the feeding situationand conducted an interview. In order tohave a better understanding of the feeding
programs and conditions of Philippine
schools, we have visited private schools.
▪ This school covers the entire school year
from kindergarten to senior high school andprovides a better understanding of basic
education in the Philippines.
Interview
Our interview of St. Scholastica’s Academyof Marikina was conducted in the activity
center. I asked if the school had a canteen
where children could have lunch. The
answer is no, for the sake of food safety.
When preparing hot dishes, the school only
provides sandwiches, snacks, ice cream
and other cold food due to unhealthy factors
caused by the weather and sanitaryenvironment. After that, I asked the students
where they had lunch, and I was shocked by
the results. Later, when I visited the campus,
I also focused on the three eating areas in
the school. The design is novel, theenvironment is pleasant, there is a park
picnic atmosphere. When I asked if there
were any students from poor families who
couldn't afford to pay for lunch and went toclass with an empty stomach. The answer isyes. But the school and the government
have a scholarship mechanism, which
selects the students in each class andprovides them with lunch. The poor students
other than
the scholarship students can borrow moneyfrom the school to buy lunch, so that thestudents from poor families can haveenough food and have enough energy to
study hard. This is also a big reason why thisschool has a highgraduation rate and students do well inschool. So how do you become a fellow?
The first is poverty, the second is learning,
and the last is health index, such as the
proportionofheightandweight,malnutrition and so on.
Impression
The overall atmosphere of the school is veryrelaxed and lively. The students actively
participated in the class and interacted withthe teacher. They also cooperated with ourinterview, introduced and answered myquestions. The average age of the teachers
was 30, young and full of energy.
Private schools in the Philippines havemuch better facilities than public schools.
We looked around school playground,library, gym, swimming pool all kinds offacilities. There are also many small shops
on campus where students can buy snacks
at a low price. Because schools in thePhilippines do not provide lunch, children
take their lunches or go out to buy them. But
for the Philippines in the developing world,
poor families cannot afford lunch, even achild can only eat one meal a day, under thecondition of system of private schools offer
scholarships and student meal loan system,
and, in collaboration with the local
consortium within the school of publicity,such as the importance of diet and nutrition
balance seminar, let the students
understand the only healthy body, to devote
to study, will make a difference, in the future
for the country to give an own strength.

Reported by Xiangfu Liu

52

Philippines Overseas Employment
Administration (POEA)

Date and Time: 1 March 2019, 14:30-16:00
Place: POEA Building, Ortigas Avenue corner EDSA,
Mandaluyong City

I

teacher.
There are six Current G2G
arrangements as follow:
1.SOUTH KOREA (Employment Permit
System [EPS]): Manufacturing
2.GERMANY (Triple Win Project): Nurses
3.TAIWAN (Special Hiring Program for
Taiwan [HSPT]): Manufacturing,
Caretaker, Computer Specialists
4.UAE(National Ambulance Company):
Emergency medical technicians
5.JAPAN(Japan-Philippines Economic
Partnership Agreement [JPEPA]): Nurses
and careworkers
6.KSA(Ministry of Health):
Health professionals

would like to thank Ellene, from CMA,

for helping us get in touch with POEA. At thesame time, I would like to thank the staff of
POEA for taking the time to accept our visit.
We met director Rosemarie G. Duquez at 1
March 2019, and we have a deep
understanding of the specific content andprocess of the G2G project.
What is G2GSalient features of government togovernment (G2G) program is to Promotes
ethical recruitment of workers andemployers.
Also,
G2G
strengthens
regulations on accreditation of employers
and selection of workers, promotes
accountability and transparency throughjoint mechanisms for implementation andmonitoring,encourages similar treatment
between nationals and foreign workers andestablishes cooperation on HRD for mutual
benefit. Current g2g clients like Japan,
Germany, UAE, Taiwan, South Korea andso on. Recently, the project of overseas
workers as hotel staff in Israel has been

The training before going abroad is usuallydivided into technical training and language
training. G2G programs vary from country tocountry. With the exception of South Korea,
most governments or companies bear thecost of workers' technical training. Of
course, projects in some countries, such as
Germany, have high labor requirements.
When enroll as a nurse, the one who shouldneed to satisfy the laborer that has relevant
experience of 3 years above.

added. Besides, as new G2G clients, China
will receive OFWs as English
53

comparing the number of G2G workers
going overseas and other workers who goabroad, those who can go abroad throughgovernment projects are still a minority.
Perhaps it is because the requirements ofgovernment projects are high and ordinary
Filipino workers do not have thecorresponding capabilities. The G2G
project is a win-win situation.

Including pre-departure language training,learning time requirements and language
skill requirements are also clear. OFWs will
not only learn the language before
departure, but also continue to learn it
overseas.
Workers will also bear part of the costs ofgoing abroad, which are reported on
POEA's website or office.

I am also looking forward to theintroduction of more Filipino workers in
China in the future. At the same time, I hopethat their rights can be truly guaranteed.

About Interview
We also ask the question about the safetyof workers. The G2G project is very
cautious about the company's choices, andthere are also corresponding firms that canhandle various situations overseas.By

Reported by Liuyin Zhong

54

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