Kampas in Kṛṣṇa-Yajurveda
Kampa is the swinging of the voice in the transition from an independent svarita (abhinihata,kṣaipra, praśliṣṭa and nitya svarita) to a following independent svarita or udātta. In the TaittirīyaŚākhā kampas are restricted to a following independent svarita.

1. Kampas in the Taittirīya Saṁhitā
In the TS are found 14 long and 3 short kampas. Among the long kampas are 11 abhinihata, 2kṣaipra, and 1 nitya kampa. All the 3 short kampas are nitya kampas.

1.1 Long Kampa preceding a independent Svaritaदोे॒वा म े॒थाो वववरि॑या आासे॒न्तोऽन्याोन्यस्मै॒ 2.2.11.5तो । आे॒न्यः । आे॒न्यस्मै ।
té + anyáḥ + anyásmai => tè 'nyò 'nyásmai (abhinihatakampa è)साोऽराोि॑ऽभवे॒
कत्तदे॒रकस्यार्कै॒त्वम॑र्कपै॒र्णकन॑ 5.4.3.3

सः । आे॒रकः । आे॒भे॒वे॒त े॒ ।

sáḥ + arkáḥ + abhavat => sò 'rkò 'bhavat (abhinihatakampa ò)
Audio 6.1.1.7
इन्दाोि॑ वत्रे॒ ि॑हे॒न्थसाोऽ1 । इन्दि॑ः । वत्रे॒

पाोऽभ्यि॑मतयते॒ तासाे॒यँय्न्मोययि॑ 6.1.1.7

। आे॒हे॒न् े॒ । 2 । सः । आे॒पः । आे॒भीतति॑ । आे॒मते॒ये॒ते॒ । 3 । तासाम् । यत् । मणध्य

sáḥ + apáḥ + abhí + amriyata => sò 'pò 'bhyàmriyata (two abhinihatakampas ò)Note: In the audio recording the low pitch is used for the anudātta, the middle pitch for udātta
and the high pitch for svarita. The svarita sò is pronounced in three parts: first part só as udātta,second part ò as svarita and third part o as anudātta. “…hanthsó-ò-o pó-ò-o bhyàmríyáta…”
राजाि॑ने॒न्तोऽन्याोन्यमुपा॑धावै॒न्त्वयाै॒ प्र 6.1.5.1

तो । आे॒न्यः । आे॒न्य

।té + anyáḥ + anyám => tè 'nyò 'nyám (abhinihatakampa è)तते॒ष्ठे॒तययवे॒ कि॑न्तरिि॑ ख्षे॒ नन्वे॒हीतयाि॑हान्तरिख्षदोवे॒तयाोह्ोि॑तन्ह़ े॒ साो ाोऽददि॑तयाे॒ः 6.1.11.2
1

आे॒न्ते॒रिे॒ख्षे॒दोे॒वे॒तयि॑ इतयि॑न्तरिख्ष-दोे॒वे॒तयि॑ः । हह । एे॒तन्हि़॑ ।
antarikṣadevatyáḥ + hí + etárhi => antarikṣadevatyò hyètárhi (nityakampa ò)ववश्ाि॑तने॒ ह्ोषाोि॑ऽमभ धा ाि॑तन 6.1.11.5

हह । एे॒षः । आे॒भीतति॑ ।hí + eṣáḥ + abhí => hyèṣò 'bhí (kṣaiprakampa è)वववरि॑या आासे॒न्तोऽ

न्याोन्यस्मै॒ ज्यमष्ठ्ाै॒यातत॑ष्ठमानााः 6.2.2.1

तो । आे॒न्यः । आे॒न्यस्मै ।
té + anyáḥ + anyásmai => tè 'nyò 'nyásmai (abhinihatakampa è)ने॒ः रे॒थे॒ ाोऽन्याोन्यस्मै॒ द्रुह्ाै॒दिततै॒ तस्ाै॒द्याः 6.2.2.2

ने॒ः । रे॒थे॒ ः । आे॒न्यः । आे॒न्यस्मै
prathamáḥ + anyáḥ + anyásmai => prathamò 'nyò 'nyásmai (abhinihatakampa ò)दोे॒वानयपे॒ ैतीे॒द े॒हम्मि॑नयषे॒ याोि॑

नयषे॒ याि॑तनतयाि॑हे॒नषय े॒ यि॑ः । हह । एे॒षः ।नयषे॒ याोह्ोि॑ष 6.3.2.5

manuṣyàḥ + hí + eṣáḥ => manuṣyò hyèṣáḥ (nityakampa ò)वत्रे॒ ि॑हे॒न्थसाोऽभ्यि॑मतयते॒ तासाे॒ यन्मोययि॑ 6.4.2.3

ऽपाोसः । आे॒पः । आे॒भीतति॑ । आे॒मते॒ये॒ते॒
sáḥ + apáḥ + abhí + amriyata => sò 'pò 'bhyàmriyata (two abhinihatakampas ò)राे॒यि॑क पि॑ताोे॒ ह्ोषाोि॑ऽ ोे॒ययाो 6.4.9.2

हह । एे॒षः । आे॒ ोे॒ययः ।
hí + eṣáḥ + amedhyáḥ => hyèṣò 'medhyáḥ (kṣaiprakampa è)दोे॒वा आासे॒न्रह्मि॑ण्वे॒न्ताोऽसि॑िाे॒स्तोतो । आे॒न्यः । आे॒न्य

ऽन्याोन्यं 6.4.10.1

।té + anyáḥ + anyám => tè 'nyò 'nyám (abhinihatakampa è)2

1.2 Short Kampa preceding a independent Svarita़वपतदोवे॒तयम् 6.2.10.3 ह्ोि॑तद्यमन्खाि॑ते॒यँय्द्बे॒न्हिनि॑
वस्तीयकम नयये॒ ानतपि॑तदोवे॒तयाि॑ 6.2.10.4=> वपतदोवे॒तय़॒े॒ ह्ोि॑तद्यमन्खाि॑ते॒यँय्द्बे॒न्हिनि॑वस्तीयकम नयये॒ ानतपि॑तदोवे॒तयाि॑वपे॒तदे॒ ोे॒वे॒तयि॑म तति॑ वपत-िणै॒वै॒त्यम् । हह । एे॒तत ।pitṛdevatyàm + hí + etát => pitṛdevatyàṁ hy ètát (nityakampa à)वपे॒तणे॒ ाहसि॑नमै॒सीतत॑ बै॒ऱ्िरव॑सतृर्ातत पपतृिणवै॒त्य॒े॒ ह्ोि॑तद्यमन्खाि॑ते॒ 6.3.4.2वपे॒तदे॒ ोे॒वे॒तयि॑म तति॑ वपत-िणै॒वै॒त्यम् । हह । एे॒तत ।pitṛdevatyàm + hí + etát => pitṛdevatyáṁ hy ètát (nityakampa à)
Audio 6.6.8.1
दोे॒वा वा इि॑ नन्दे॒य वीे॒यं

व्यि॑भजन्ते॒ 6.6.8.1

दोे॒वाः । वै । इे॒ नन्दे॒य। वीे॒यकम् । वीतत॑ । अै॒भै॒जै॒न्तै॒ ।vīryàm + ví + abhajanta => vīryàṁ vyàbhajanta (nityakampa à)Note: According to Pāriśikṣā 160 (see appendix) the short kampa à has to be pronounced aslong ā̀ . Audio recording: “vīryā́ -ā̀ -aṁ vyàbhájánta…”. Here the short svarita à in vīryàm ispronounced in three parts: first part yā́ as udātta, second part ā̀ as svarita and third part a asanudātta.

2. Kampas in the Taittirīya JaṭāpāṭhaKampas in the Jaṭāpāṭha have been mentioned by the commentator of Pāriśikṣā 166-167 inorder to provide examples for those kampas which are not found in the TS.
आे॒भीतति॑ । आाे॒ने॒ट े॒ । 1.1.14.2
abhí + ānaṭ + ānaṭ + abhí + abhí + āṇaṭ =>abhy ā̀ naḍ ānaḍ abhy àbhy ā̀ ṇaṭ (the short kampa à is pronounced as ā̀ ) (kṣaiprakampa ā̀ )आे॒न्स्वतयि॑प-स । आे॒पः । 6.4.1.5
apsú + apáḥ + apáḥ + apsú + apsú + apáḥ =>3apsv àpò 'pò 'psv àpsv àpáḥ (the short kampa à is pronounced as ā̀ )Here is a sequence of kṣaiprakampa ā̀ , two abhinihatakampas ò and kṣaiprakampa ā̀एे॒षय । एे॒व । 2.6.2.6
eṣú + evá + evá + eṣú + eṣú + evá =>eṣv èvaivaiṣv èṣv èvá (kṣaiprakampa è)आे॒ससे॒ । एोे॒न्दी । 1.6.2.2
asi + aindrī́ + aindrī́ + asi + asi + aindrī́ =>asy aindry aìndry àsy asy aindrī́ (kṣaiprakampa aì)उे॒वकि॑न्तरिि॑ क्ष े॒न्तरिि॑ क्ष रूय े॒ वकि॑न्तरिि॑ क्ष

1.2.8.1

urú + antárikṣam + antárikṣam + urú + urú + antárikṣam =>urv àntárikṣam antárikṣam urū̀ v àntárikṣam (praśliṣṭakampa ū̀ )3. Kampas in the Taittirīya ĀraṇyakaThe first two chapters of the TA have been adopted from the Kāṭhaka Śākhā. For this reason
kampas preceding an udātta are shown in chapter 2. In the TA are found 7 long kampas and 1
short kampa. Among the 7 long kampas are 5 abhinihata and 2 nitya kampas. The short kampa
is a nitya kampa.

3.1 Long Kampa preceding an Udāttaतो ऽस्मद्यक्ष्मे॒ नाि॑गसाो दिाद्े॒ िे॒ ि॑चीचतTA 2.4.1

té + asmát => tè 'smát (abhinihatakampa è)तोने॒ याो ऽस्मथस ि॑च्छातैे॒ त ि॑स्मैे॒ रसि॑वा सस TA 2.4.1
yaḥ + asmát => yò 'smát (abhinihatakampa ò)
4तोनाे॒न्याो ऽस्मथस ि॑च्छातैे॒ त ि॑स्मैे॒ रसि॑वा सस । TA 2.4.1
anyáḥ + asmát => anyò 'smát (abhinihatakampa ò)तवष्ाि॑ नाोे॒ आत्रे॒ ववदि॑धात िाे॒याोऽनयि॑ ाष्य क ते॒न्वाो यहिम ि॑ ष्TA 2.4.1

tanvàḥ + yát => tanvò yát (nityakampa ò)यत्रि॑ सहे॒ ादकि॑स्सरे॒ ताोे॒दि॑न्तो ववे॒हाये॒ िाोगि॑न्ते॒न्वा॒े॒ स्वायाम् । TA 2.6.2

tanvā̀ m + svā́ yām => tanvā̀ ṁ + svā́ yām (nityakampa ā̀ )आे॒ह न्ाे॒दाोऽ ह न्ाे॒दाोऽ ह न्ाे॒दः । TA 5.15.10 (9.10.1)
annādáḥ + ahám => annādò 'hám (abhinihatakampas ò)

3.2 Short Kampa preceding an Udāttaस श ॑तं मणै॒ ब्रह्मै॒ स श ि॑तवीवे॒यकब म् । TA 2.5.3

vīryàm + bálam => vīryàm bálam (nityakampa à)

4. Kampas in the Maitrāyaṇīya Saṁhitā
4.1 Long Kampa preceding an Udātta
Maitrāyaṇīya Saṁhitā 1.1.2
Audio 1.1.2

prasavé + aśvínoḥ => prasavè 'śvínoḥ (abhinihatakampa è)5Note: In Devanāgarī the kampa is marked with the number 3 preceding vè and è is shown withanudātta. This is the first kampa in MS.
Audio recording: “pràsave-è-e śvínòr bāhúbhyā̀ ṁ…”. Here the long svarita è in prasavè ispronounced in three parts: first part ve as anudātta, second part è as svarita and third part e asanudātta.
दोे॒वस्यि॑ तवा सववे॒तरि॑से॒वोऽश्विनाणबाके॒हुभ्यामपपषर्ाणिसताभ्या े॒ग्नयोे॒ TS 1.1.4.2
ै॒prasavé + aśvínoḥ => prasavè 'śvínoḥ

In TS kampas are shown only when an independent svarita is placed before anotherindependent svarita.
Maitrāyaṇīya Saṁhitā 4.14.18 (= RV 6.30.4)

tvā-vā̍n | a̱nyaḥ | a̱sti̱ | indra̍ | RV 6.30.4
anyáḥ + asti + índra => anyò 'stī́ndra (abhinihatakampa ò)This is the last kampa in MS.

4.2 Short Kampa preceding an Udātta
Maitrāyaṇīya Saṁhitā 1.1.4
Audio 1.1.4

urú + antárikṣam => urvàntárikṣam (kṣaiprakampa à)Kampa is marked with the number 3 preceding và and à is shown with anudātta.
Audio recording: “varṣávṛ`ddhámásyurvā-ā̀ -antárìkṣaṁ vī̀hi…”. Here the short svarita à ispronounced in three parts: first part vā́ as udātta, second part ā̀ as svarita and third part a asanudātta.
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Appendix: The topic Kampa in some Śikṣās
Ātreya Śikṣāsvaritodāttakampaviṣayaḥ
nityābhinihitakṣaiprapraśliṣṭāḥ svaritā ime
sandhau tatra prakampante yatroccasvaritodayāḥ 108nīcaṁ pūrvasvarasyānte kuryāt syāt kampa eva saḥhrasvam apy atra kampe 'smin yathā dīrghaṁ tam uccaret 109
sa ca kampo 'tra vijñeyaḥ svāra ucca iti dvidhāsvārakampaḥ saṁhitāyām uccas tv āraṇyake bhavet 110
punaś ca tatra tau kampau hrasvadīrghāv iti smṛtau
ādau tu tasya kampasya svāraḥ satryaṇumātrikaḥ 111
antyabhāge tu nihataḥ pādamātraḥ prakīrtitaḥ
udāttaś ca tathaivādau tripādādhikamātrikaḥ 112
tasyānte cānudāttaḥ syād aṇumātro bhavet tathāsaṁmelane dvimātraḥ syāt tayor evaṁ suniścitaḥ 113Āraṇya Śikṣā
kampau tu dvividhāv eva svāroccāviti niścitausaṁhitāyāṁ tayoḥ svāra uccas tv āraṇyake mataḥ
nityo'bhinihataḥ svāro yadadīvyādiṣu triṣu
nakañcane coccapara uccaḥ kampo vidhīyate
padānte ca tathā kampā antato nihatāṇukāḥ
śeṣasyodāttatā vā syātsvarito vā vyavasthayāāraṇyake tu na svāro nodāttaścaiva saṁhiteKauhalīya Śikṣā
kampeṣu prathamas svāro aṇumātrika iṣyate
trayāṇām āditas teṣu saṁnipāto mitho yadi
aparaḥ prathamasyārdhaṁ nihataṁ tu vidhīyate 18tṛtīyo vā caturtho vā bhāgo nihata iṣyate
praśliṣṭasya ca saṁyogas teṣām anyatamena cet 19
svecchāprayoga icchanti kampaṁ tatrāpi kecanaadīrghaṁ dīrghavat kāryaṁ tatra hrasvasya karṣaṇāt 20atha svāyaṁbhuve kāṇḍe kampāḥ kecid udāhṛtāḥ
tatrodāttāḥ prayoktavyā nihatāṁśas tu pūrvavat 21
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In the Svāyambuva Kāṇḍa (TA 2) are shown some kampas.
There the udāttas have to be pronounced with a preceding anudātta part.
vīryaṁ balamiti hy atra hrasvaḥ kampa udīritaḥ
tanvāṁ svāyāmitītyādi dīrghaḥ kampo vidhīyate 22
In vīryaṁ balam (TA 2.5.3) the kampa is said to be short.
In tanvāṁ svāyām (TA 2.6.2) etc. the kampa is long.
te asmaditi vākyāṁśe kaiścit kampo na paṭyate
lakṣaṇapratikūlaṁ tad bruvate ke'pi sūrayaḥ 23Note: “te asmad” (TA 2.4.1)
Jaṭālakṣaṇanityo 'bhinihitaś caiva kṣaipraḥ praśliṣṭa eva caete svārāḥ prakampante yatroccasvaritodayāḥ 18(Tribhāṣyaratna on Taittirīya Prātiśākhya 19.3:
śikṣā caivaṁ vakṣyati:nityo'bhinihitaścaiva kṣaipraḥ praśliṣṭa eva caete svārāḥ prakampante yatroccasvaritodayā iti)
(This verse with jātyo for nityo is found in Ṛgveda Prātiśākhya 3.34, Svarāṅkuśā Śikṣā
20 and Svara Śikṣā 26-27)
svarite parabhūte ca svaritasyottarārdhakamnīcaṁ kāryāt sakampaś ca yathā dīrghaṁ tam uccaret 19(Sarvasaṁmata Śikṣā 118-9)padānte ca tathā kampā antato nihatāṇukāḥ
śeṣasyodāttatā vā syāt svaritā vā vyavasthayā 20(Āraṇya Śikṣā and Kālanirṇaya Śikṣā)(Tribhāṣyaratna on Taittirīya Prātiśākhya 19.3:
śeṣasyodāttatā vā syāt svaritā vā vyavasthayetipadānte ca tathā kampā antata nihatāṇukā iti vacanād iti)adīrghaṁ dīrghavat kuryād visvaraṁ yat prayuñjyate
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kampotsvarābhigītāni hrasvā karṣaṇam eva tu 21(Nāradīya Śikṣā 2.3.7)
If a svarita is (one of the varieties called) kampa, utsvarita, abhigīta, or hrasvakarṣaṇa
and is short, it should be made like the long.
Pāri Śikṣāpraśliṣṭanityābhihatāś ca yatra kṣaipras tathoccasvaritodayāḥ syuḥ 158
tatra prakampyanta ime hi sandhau pūrvasvarānte nihataṁ ca kuryāt 159
If either udātta or svarita follows praśliṣṭa, nitya, abhinihata or kṣaipra, then by sandhi thesvarita acquires a swinging motion. At the end of the previous svarita one places the nihata.
sa kampa evātra yathā hi dīrghaṁ tathoccared dhrasvam api prakampe 160
That is kampa. With kampa one also speaks out a short vowel as if it were long.
kampo dvidhā svāra udāttakaśca svārākhyakampāstviha saṁhitāyām 161
śākhāntareṣveva udāttakampāḥ punardvidhā tau khalu hrasvadīrghau 162
The kampa is two-fold: preceding udātta, and preceding svarita. In the Taittirīya Śākhā there is
only the svaritakampa; the udāttakampa occurs only in other śākhā-s.
tasyāditaḥ satryaṇumātrakālaḥ svāras tadantye nihate 'ṇumātraḥ 163
uccas tathā satryaṇumātra ādau tasyāntyabhāge 'py aṇumātranīcaḥ 164
At the beginning of the svaritakampa there are three aṇu-s svarita, at the end 1 aṇu anudātta.
Also the udāttakampa has at the beginning three aṇu-s svarita, and similarly at the end 1 aṇuanudātta.
saṁmelane caiva tayordvimātraḥ sa eva kampaḥ svaritoccayośca 165
With the two parts being put together, the resultant is 2 mātrā-s. This is the kampa precedingsvarita and udātta.
kṣaiprasya kampas tu caturbhir ādūdedaidbhir eṅo 'bhihatasya kampaḥ 166praśliṣṭa ūtvāt kathito 'tra nityaḥ ātocyate 'sau kvacid eṅa oṅaḥ 167
The kṣaiprakampa is formed with the four, "ā", "ū", "e" and "ai", the abhinihatakampa with "e"and "o", the praśliṣṭakampa with "ū", and the nityakampa with "ā" and occasionally "e" and"o".
eṅrūpanityau sta udāttakampāv itthaṁ kṛtaḥ kampavinirṇayaś ca 168

9Abhinihata and nitya are udāttakampas. The explanation of kampa is complete.
Thanks to Peter Freund for the English translation of Pāri Śikṣā 158-168

Vyāsa Śikṣā
svarasandhiprakaraṇam 17
madhyastha ekanīco'tiprayatno vikramo bhavet 294
uccasandhirbhaveduccaḥ svaritaḥ svāranīcayoḥ 295
nīcordhvākārasammiśra ucca eṅ svarito bhavet 296
atrābhinihitaścāyamiti saṁjñāyate budhaiḥ 297
yavatve hyuccayoryatra ivarṇokārayorapi 298
parataḥ svaryate nīcaḥ svaritaḥ kṣaipra ucyate 299
uccotvānnīca utve syātpraśliṣṭassandhito yamaḥ 300
akhaṇḍe sayavo nityo nīcapūrvaḥ svayaṁ ca vā 301
sthitasvārasya cāntyo'ṇurnīcaḥ syāt pravaṇottare 302
svaradvayasya caikasmin kampasaṁjñāsti dīrghatā 303
kṣaiprakampaś caturdhaivam ādūdedaidbhir ucyate 304praśliṣṭo nitya ūdādbhyām eṅābhinihataḥ smṛtaḥ 305uccordhvau yadadīvyādi trike na kañcaneti ca 306
uccakampau sthiteṅrūpau svārāḥ kampāś ca sāṁhitāḥ 307
The nitya and abhinihata uccakampas which precede an udātta are found in the threeanuvākas beginning with yadadīvya (TA 2.4-6) and in the anuvāka beginning with nakañcana (TA 9.10 = TA 5.15.10).
uccāduttarato nīcaḥ svaritaṁ pratipadyate 308
svāro'yaṁ pracayaś caiva nodāttasvaritottare 309
svārādupari nīcānāṁ pracayaḥ parikīrtitaḥ 310
yaḥ samānapade svārastairovyañjana ucyate 311
pādavṛttastayorvyaktāvanyaḥ prātihatassmṛtaḥ 312
nityo'tyuccanīcaḥ kṣaiprastatsamo nyūnataḥ paraḥ 313
dṛḍhataraprayatnassyānnitye kṣaipre ca vā dṛḍhaḥ 314
praśliṣṭe cābhinihate mṛdutā svalpatānyataḥ 315
nādānusvārayoḥ pūrvassvārabhāguccavatsthitaḥ 316
svaryete'smātparāveva nādānusvārakāvapi 317
bhaktisvārāttadaṅgānaj ghṛtavadṛpare ca raḥ 318
āyapūrve'tha coccaḥ syādbhakternīco ḍadhū adhaḥ 319
svāraścāraṇyake bhakteratra śīrṣaṁ srapūrvake 320
svaryate cādito hrasvo dīrghamadhyaṁ tathaiva ca 321
10saṁyutorddhve tu dīrghaś ced antyasvāro bhavet tadā 322
ṛkārottararephorddhve'vasāne dīrgha eva ca 323
yo jaṭāmātravidbrahmasandhijño viṣṇur ucyate 324īśvaraḥ sarvasandhijña ity evarṣibhir īritaḥ 325
iti svarasandhiprakaraṇam 17

References
Taittirīya Saṁhitā and Padapāṭha and the Taittirīya Āraṇyaka
http://www.parankusa.org/KrYajurBrowse.aspx
Maitrāyaṇīya Saṁhitā
https://vedicreserve.miu.edu/yajur_veda/maitrayani_krishna_yajur_veda.pdf
The transliterated Śikṣā texts in the appendix are based on the Devanāgarī versions available on
Peter Freund’s Śikṣā sites
http://peterffreund.com/shiksha/shiksha.html
https://vedicreserve.miu.edu/shiksha/shiksha_vedicreserve.html
Audio recordings:
http://vedamu.org/VedicChanting.aspx
https://sites.google.com/view/vedicrecitation/krsna-yajurveda/kampas-in-kyv
Last updated by Detlef Eichler 11 January 201511