Re-imagining Oil Spill Response post 2020:
new challenges will require new thinking
for the next decade
14th February 2020

IPIECAThe global oil and gas association foradvancing environmental and socialperformance

Only global association
involving both upstream anddownstream
45 years of collaboration
contributing to sustainable
development

Our
membership

IPIECA Members
CORPORATE MEMBERS

ASSOCIATE MEMBERS

ASSOCIATION MEMBERS

Advancing a shared industry responseto environmental and social issues

Developing, sharing andpromoting good practices andsolutions

Enhancing and sharing knowledgeand awarenessEngaging the industry as a whole

Partnering with key stakeholders
Pooling expertise across breadthof environmental and social issues

Principal channel of communication with the UN

IPIECA’s role
Provide technical information

5Monitor developments

Engage with UN secretariat

Vision and principles
An oil and gas industry that successfully improves its operations and products tomeet society’s expectations for environmental and social performance

Consensus

Inclusive

Expertise /Collaboration

Voluntary
6

Non-lobby

CLIMATE & ENERGYENVIRONMENT

Addressing climaterelated risk whilst
meeting the world’s
growing energy needs
is key to supporting

Conserving thenaturalenvironment is asustainable
development

priority to achieving
sustainable
development

Strategic themes
OIL SPILL
Preparedness andresponse for oil spills
is key to minimizing
impacts on theenvironment andsociety
7

SOCIALRESPONSIBILITY
Improving social
performance canhave a positive
impact on oil and gas
operations as well as
the communities inwhich they operate

IPIECA’s workmakes a global difference
O&G
companies
NGOs /
thinktanks

UN/IGOs

EPC & service
companies

Outreach

Academia /ResearchUpstream
associations

Downstream
associations
ConsultanciesThere will always be unexpected challenges…
ITOPF Oil Tanker Spill Statistics Figures 2019
700

600

ATLANTIC EMPRESS
287,000 Tonnes
ABT SUMMER
260,000 Tonnes

Thousand Tonnes

500

CASTILLO DE BELLVER
252,000 Tonnes

400

300

SEA EMPRESS
72,000 Tonnes

KHARK 570,000 Tonnes
EXXON VALDEZ
37,000 Tonnes

200

PRESTIGE
63,000 Tonnes
ERIKA
20,000 Tonnes

SANCHI
113,000 Tonnes

HEBEI SPIRIT
11,000 Tonnes

10001970

1973

1976

1979

1982

1985

1988

1991

1994

1997

2000

2003

2006

2009

2012

2015

2018

2020: a good time to revisit the past…
Early events defined the actions needed for improvement:• Torrey Canyon 1967
• Amoco Cadiz 1978
• Exxon Valdez 1989
• Gulf War Oil Spill 1991

• Nakhodka 1997
• Erika 1999
• Prestige 2002

The outcomes of these spills lead to:• An incremental improvement in international cooperation through IMO/OPRC• Additional legislation e.g. OPA 90• Better ships with better trained crews• A ground-breaking liability and compensation regime• The start of a consistent decade on decade drop in spill frequency and volume

2020: a good time to revisit the past…

Sometimes it takes a seminal event to galvanize world
opinion, whether it is the effects of Global Climate
Change……
……or an oil spill• Adequate Risk Assessment• Capping & Containment• Well intervention• Incident Management Systems• Tiered mobilisation….
The impact of the Macondo and Montara incidents
precipitated a thorough re-evaluation of our capabilities
and an understanding of the need to (re) learn what wethought we knew

Many new techniques were developed for Macondo – theresponse was huge & technically difficult

Sub-sea intervention & dispersant systems are now available
around the world …
• 7” 10K Capping
Stack Kits

• Debris Clearance• Dispersant
Application• BOP Intervention

StavangerSingapore• 18-3/4” 15K
Capping Stack Kits
• Complete SubseaResponse Kits

BrazilSouthAfrica

IPIECA and IOGP: Global Industry Response GroupIOGP & IPIECA members invested millions of dollars to build new equipment
and make the new techniques available to all

Oil Spill Response – Joint Industry Project (OSR-JIP)
5-year project (2012 – 2016):• Lead by IPIECA• 19 oil spill related recommendations• 19 participants
Key areas:• Oil spill preparedness & responseframework• Response techniques• Stakeholder engagement andcommunications

Six Key Learnings you should test your plans against

Example scenarios:
OFFSHORE RELEASETANKER SPILLOFFSHORE RELEASE

1. Start withrisk
assessment todevelop plan
scenarios

SUBSEA SPILLOFFSHORE RELEASESPILL FLOWINGTOWARDS POPULATED AREA

NEAR SHORE RELEASESPAWNING SEASONONSHORE OR NEAR SHORE RELEASENEAR MARSH
OR SAND BEACH

Six Key Learnings you should test your plans against

EXAMPLE SCENARIOSEXAMPLE
CENARIOS
1.SStart
withriskassessment todevelop plan
scenarios

2. Develop
responsestrategies
using Spill
ImpactMitigation
Assessment(SIMA)OFFSHORE RELEASETANKER SPILLOFFSHORE RELEASESUBSEA SPILLOFFSHORE RELEASESPILL FLOWINGTOWARDS POPULATEDAREANEAR SHORE RELEASESPAWNING SEASONONSHORE OR NEAR SHORE RELEASENEAR MARSH
OR SAND BEACH

POSSIBLE RESPONSE TOOLSSOURCE DISPERSANTSMECHANICAL IN-SITU SHORELINE NATURALRECOVERY BURNING CLEAN UP PROCESSESCONTROL

Six Key Learnings you should test your plans against

EXAMPLE
CENARIOS
1.SStart
withriskassessment todevelop planscenarios

2. Developresponse
strategies
using SpillImpact
Mitigation
Assessment(SIMA)

3. Work out
what
resources will
be local,regional,
global(TieredResponse)

SPECIFIC RESPONSE CAPABILITY:e.g., OFFSHORE SURFACEDISPERSANTS.

TIER 1:LOCAL• Decide optimal resource location in advance:• Local• Regional• Global• Avoid unnecessary duplication

TIER 2:REGIONTIER 3:
GLOBALSix Key Learnings you should test your plans against

EXAMPLE
CENARIOS
1. S
Startwithrisk
assessment todevelop plan
scenarios

2. Develop
responsestrategies
using Spill
ImpactMitigation
Assessment(SIMA)

3. Work outwhat
resources will
be local,regional,global(TieredResponse)

4. Traineveryone in asingle IncidentManagement
System (IMS)“Incident Management System for the Oil and Gas Industry”• Based on Incident Command System (ICS) – with common:− Organizational groups− Management structure− Documents & terminology− Operating procedures• Response scale-up & integration into a single unified structure

Incident
Incident
Incident
Management
ManagementManagementSystemSystemSystem

Six Key Learnings you should test your plans against

EXAMPLE
CENARIOS
1.SStart
withriskassessment todevelop planscenarios

2. Developresponsestrategies
using Spill
ImpactMitigation
Assessment(SIMA)

3. Work out
whatresources will
be local,regional,global(TieredResponse)

4. Traineveryone in asingle IncidentManagementSystem (IMS)

5. Use theGuidance wehave produced
for youUse the new guidance on oil spill response tools
Dispersants• Dispersants allow rapid response offshore, toprotect important coastal areas• Sub-sea dispersant injection proved highly
effective in the Macondo incident• Selection, testing, supply, & fate/effects ofdispersants are detailed in new guidance• Regulatory approval & authorisation guideUse the new guidance on oil spill response tools
In-situ burning

Field & laboratory data incorporated into practical guidance:• When & how to apply?
• Equipment design & selection:−Fire resistant boom
−Ignition systems• Operating considerations• MonitoringUse the new guidance on oil spill response tools: 10 TechnicalSupport Documents supplement the 24 Good Practice Guidance
publications
Satellite surveillance

In-water surveillance

Modelling & Metocean

Common Operating Picture

Looking back: the lessons we’ve learned over the lasttwo decades
1. Think risk-based scenarios: they are the starting point

2. Use NEBA/SIMA based response strategies
3. Plan using tiered response – local, regional, global
4. Align on a single common Incident Management System

5. Know and use the latest oil spill response tools
Looking forward: the 6th lesson:

6. Involve
Stakeholders fromthe beginning(regulators,community)

2020: new challenges ahead
Volunteer Management Challenges• Communities increasingly “in touch” withlocal environment• Expectation that they will be consulted
and participate in clean-up• “Volunteers of Opportunity” can be
useful, but require training• If badly handled, reputational damage
will likely result
IPIECA has produced a Volunteer
Management Technical Support Documentwith two case studies

M.V. Cosco Busan, California, 2007

M.V. Rena, New Zealand, 2011

2020: new challenges ahead
Social Media/reputational challenges• Reputation management is important• Social media can shape and control a company’s message during acrisis and needs to be handled well through active management• If messages are not “on-point” and practiced other stakeholders will
supply the message and this can damage reputation and affect stock
price and brand value• Regulators are a stakeholder too! During an oil spill, the publicdemands to know not only what the company is doing to clean up anoil spill but also the regulator.
• Macondo showed that joint efforts to provide information can help
both parties demonstrate a collaborative effort to minimize
environmental damage

2020: new challenges ahead
Technical Challenges• The imposition of the new Bunker Sulphur rule at IMO has led to widespread
re-formulation bunker fuels; the types of oil that can be spilled is changing:"New generation" of lowsulphur marine fuel oils (heavyWRG (Wide Range Gas oil)

(C -C )
1235

distillates and residual fuels)
HDME 50 (C -C 15)55• WRG (Wide Range Gas oil)

• HDME 50 (Heavy Distillate

Marine ECA 50)

ULSFO (Residual oil)

(C 10-C55+++ )• ULSFO (Ultra-Low Sulfur Fuel Oil,Residual oil)11

• Expected to be more paraffinic/waxy with higher pour points• This will likely affect clean-up strategies

IPIECA Oil Spill 2020 work programme
Build & shareknowledge
Shoreline
responseprogrammeInterspill 2021
planning

Managingsocial issues
during crisis
response

Good practices& tools

Engagements& dialogues

Oil spill response
to low-Sulphur
marine fuels

Response
infrastructure in
remote areas

Situationalawarenessstrategic guide

Dispersantscommunication

International Oil
Spill Conference

Global Initiativein new region

Review &update existing
good practiceguides‘Oil spill
preparedness
and response:
An introduction’translations

Promotion ofindustry goodpractices

Technicaladvocacy

Global InitiativeTechnical stewardship: developing good practice

Resources• http://www.ipieca.org/resources/• https://www.iogp.org/bookstore/

Comms & outreach: triennial conference series

Outreach: Support the triennial
oil spill conference series• Spillcon, Perth Australia, 2019
• International Oil Spill Conference,New Orleans, USA, 2020
• Interspill, Amsterdam,Netherlands, 2021

Working in Partnership: The Global Initiative• Extraordinary success – working together
to improve oil spill preparedness andresponse in many regions of the world• In excess of 200 workshops over a
combined 35 years of experience ofbuilding capacity in 43 countries since 1996
• One third of all maritime states covered by
an IMO/IPIECA regional programmeConclusion: Getting information and support: IPIECA can help

• The South East Asia G.I. program provides a platform for stakeholders tocome together and assist ASEAN Member States and industry build OSRcapacity• GISEA has played a significant role in enabling the adoption of the ASEAN
MoU and more recently, the Regional Oil Spill Contingency Plan (ROSCP)
which provides the mechanism for regional cooperation and mutual
assistance including support for the ratification of OPRC across ASEAN

2019 activities:• 1 Regional Workshop on regional Oil Spill Contingency Planning• 1 Sub-regional ‘Train-the-Trainer’ Workshop on OPRC Model Courses• 3 National Workshops on Oil Spill Contingency Planning in variouscountries

For more information

Website:Twitter:
LinkedIn:

www.ipieca.org@IPIECAIPIECA