Management of Waste Disposal Systems
in Nonthaburi Provincial Administration Organization
Nonthaburi Provincial Administration Organization
Environmentalist, Professional level
DUANGNATE WARAPETCHARAYUT
I. General information
Nonthaburi has a total area of 622. 38 square kilometers ( 2018) with a population of 1,246,295
people. The administrative area is divided into 6 districts with 46 local administrative organizations
consisting of 1 Provincial Administration Organization, 19 municipalities and 26 sub- district
Administration organizations. Nonthaburi Province is located on the banks of the Chao Phraya
River. The Chao Phraya River is divided into 2 parts: the east and the west and most surrounding
areas are plains. Nonthaburi's territory is in contact with Bangkok, Pathum Thani and Nakhon
Pathom provinces.
From the growth and expansion of the city, the provincial economy (especially consumptionand trade) is growing and expanding very fast. This has meant an increase of housing estates
and residences which therefore leads to environmental problems such as waste water,increasing amounts of waste, traffic congestion and air pollution problems.
Nonthaburi has set a key target to be an environmentally friendly city by focusing on developing
and solving problems on 3 issues:▪ Creating a Green Environment▪ Combatting city pollution▪ Effectively managing waste
This way we aim to achieve our target to ensure that “Nonthaburi Is Clean” and is anenviromentally friendly place to live and work in.
.Nonthaburi Provincial Administration Organization(NPAO) Assigned to be the primary unit
responsible for overseeing and managing thewaste disposal system. With waste disposal
Site Location
service center in NPAO providing solid waste
disposal, services by receiving solid waste
disposal services to all 45 local governmentorganizations in Nonthaburi Province. Whichcurrently uses sanitary landfill methods with anarea of approximately 500 rai, located in thearea of Moo 2,8 Khlong Kwang District, Sai Noi
District, Nonthaburi Province
Location of NPAO Waste Disposal Site1

II. Situation of Waste Management in Nonthaburi Provincea) Quantity and properties
The amount of waste recorded before disposal in the landfill area of NPAO in the year2018 is 1,506 tons/day consisting of 1,436 tons/day of waste in Nonthaburi province and 70
tons/day of waste outside Nonthaburi province.
The increase of waste from 2009 to 2018 has an average increase rate of 5.5 percentage,
with the rate of waste per capita of 1.15 kg/person/day. The average annual amount of waste
between 2009 and 2018 is shown in below.
Quanity
1,600
1,400
1,200
1,000
800
600
400
200
0

1,377

939

966

972

1,064 1,087

1,169

1,436 1,417

1,236

2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018
Source : NPAO, 2019

Figure 2 The average annual amount of Waste between 2009 and 2018
Waste characteristics (from the analysis of the composition of waste in 2007) show that
40.55% are food scraps and organic waste, followed by plastics 23.23%, metal 5.34%, toxic/ harzardous
substances (for example flashlight, electric bulb) 0.31 percent, as per the detailed chart below.
dangerous substances 0.34%
metal 5.34%
glass 7.41%
wood 0.95%

rock 0.31%

other 8.27%

food scraps andorganic waste 40.55%

Fabric…5.17%
leather 0.28%
ruber 1.48%*Density 0.23 ton/m3ชื่อแผนภูมิplastic 23.19%

paper 5.51%

Figure 2 Physical properties of solid waste2b) Waste management model
Nonthaburi Province has made a memorandum of agreement between the local
government organizations within the province, a total of 3 copies (latest on 24 September 2019),
with the cooperation being divided into 2 parts which are;(1) NPAO is responsible for developing the waste disposal system and providing waste
disposal services. The plan is to dispose of waste at the rate of 200 baht/ton by implementing awaste disposal system using Pyrolysis and Gasification technology. This is planned to becompleted and ready for operation by the year 2024 (currently the sanitary landfill charges are at
the rate of 150 baht/ton). By deducting the income from the waste disposal service for Khlong
Kwang Sub-district Administration Organization, which is the project location of 15 baht/ton(2) Every local government organization in Nonthaburi has the duty to collect waste intheir own area and deliver to the waste management system of NPAO by paying disposal fees toNPAO at a rate of 200 baht/ton

Figure 3 NPAO’s Sanitary landfill SiteC) Waste Separation
Nonthaburi has set a policy to reduce waste separation by campaigning to separate thesource of waste by specifying the separation of waste into 4 types which are (1) recyclable waste( 2) compostable waste ( 3) general waste and ( 4) hazardous waste. NPAO is responsible forcollection of such hazardous waste from local government In Nonthaburi and disposed of by alicensed private organization.
For infectious waste NPAO has an infectious waste disposal system using Rotary Kiln
technology. The phase I project can support 7. 2 tons/ day of infectious waste and the Phase II
project can handle 9. 6 tons/ day of infectious waste, which is sufficient for management of all
infectious waste occurring in Nonthaburi Province.

3II. Management of Waste disposal systems of NPAO
The waste disposal center of NPAO has been open since 2004 and consists of waste disposal
services, infectious waste disposal system sewage disposal system, hazardous waste storage,
waste separation and RDF electricity plants, waste fuel and electricity generating plants fromLFG. etc.

Landfill Disposal 1,400 T/dSewage disposal Plant

closedReservoir

LFG 6.24 MW Power Plant *RDF Plant 250 T/dt/dclosedInfectious waste disposal
9.6 T/dclosed

RDF 9.5 MW Power Plant *closedInfectious waste disposal
7.2 T/dclosed

Solid Waste 20 MWPower Plant ** pending

Figure 2 Project within the waste disposal center of the NPAONPAO has been using sanitary landfill operations since 2005 by employing the private contractor
at the annual rate of 200 baht per ton, while the NPAO collects fees from local governmentorganizations at the rate of 150 baht/ ton. NPAO pays to local government organizations for thecentral waste disposal action.
Allowing the private sector to operate the waste disposal business on behalf of NPAO, with theprivate investors and the entire project management themselves currently, there are 3 projects
in this type of public private partnership (PPP) which are4

(1) A project for private investment to construct and manage a waste disposal system for NPAO.
This project has been implemented since 2006 by using pyrolysis and gasification technology. It
is used to dispose of waste instead of landfill systems in accordance with sanitation to suit theamount.
The NPAO has implemented a study and will prepare an environmental impact assessment reporton waste and the urbanized area of Nonthaburi. This will include the feasibility of investment
under Private Investment In State Udertaking Act, B. E. 2535 and 2556, as the investment value ishigher than 1,000 million baht (regulations for private investment at that time).
At present, the NPAO has completed bidding for the project and has announced the results ofthe private selection of the project. Super Earth Energy 8 company limited are the winningbidders. The cabinet has approved the selection results and the draft investment contract on 7October 2019, however, as there are still issues regarding the next steps after signing theagreement because the project will require Implementation of Public-Private partnership Act, B.E.
2562 or under Act on the Maintenance of the Cleanliness and Orderliness of the Country,
B. E. 2560, the Ministry of the Interior shall consult with the Ministry of Finance and the jointventure between the government and private policy committee before proceeding into thecontract signing process. It is expected that these discussions will be completed by FEB. 2020
and the project is expected to proceed as planned and project construction will be completedand open for service during 2024. For this project, when construction is completed, it will be able
to support waste from all local government organizations in Nonthaburi Province. The plant willprocess more than 1,000 tons/day and can produce electricity of at least 20 MW.
(2) A construction and management project for using waste from the old landfill of the NPAO toproduce fuel for electricity production. By allowing the private sector to invest in the project( proceeding in accordance to the Notification of the Ministry of Interior on Waste Management
B.E. 2560). This Quick Win Project will use the old landfills that are buried in the B, C, D, F and G
ponds, covering an area of 133 rai. With a total waste of about 3 million tons, which is not
currently being used, this waste will be excavated and unloaded to produce waste fuel RDF, sent
to waste disposal system and converted into electrical energy with an electricity capacity 9. 5MW. In accordance with the agreement, the private investor will return the empty space that has
been excavated and moved to NPAO in order to be used to manage the landfill pond areas. TheNPAO has already entered into an agreement with Siam Power Company Limited and constructionis has begun. The project is expected to be complete and ready for operation in November 2020.
(3) A construction and management project for using gas from landfill. On the old landfill, NPAO
allow the private sector to participate in the project to find benefits from using gas in the landfill
area of the H pond, a total area of 50 rai which has been closed and unused since 2015. The
installation of traps and gas collection will clean and adjust the methane concentration before
transfer to the electricity distribution system with a total capacity of 6. 24 MW. This project wasimplemented in accordance with the Notification of the Ministry of Interior on Waste Management
5B. E. 2560 under the disposal project. Waste to produce electrical energy and potential powersystem data are ready for operation in the first phase (Quick Win Project). Implementation of thisproject will help support Thailand's greenhouse gas reduction policy. Because methane gas, which
is a greenhouse gas, is burned and converted into heat energy to produce blue energy.
Additionally, odors caused by the waste decomposition process will be treated and incinerated
in the process of using gas from landfills. The project is expected to be complete and ready for
operation in February 2020.
III. Management of Plastic waste
Plastic waste management in Nonthaburi is focused on the implementation of the " Clean
Province" policy which is a campaign to reduce and sort waste through public relations (3R policy)
to reduce and stop the use of plastic bags.
In the years 2017- 2019, the amount of waste disposed of at the disposal center of NPAO hasincreased. In a 2019 report of 38 local government organizations in Nonthaburi Province who areparticipating in the project, the proportion of waste that is separated consists of:–general waste 97.47%–
organic waste 1.36%–
recyclable waste 1.09%–
hazardous waste 0.08%
In the amount of waste that is sorted before being collected for disposal at the waste disposal
center, only 0.04% is plastic waste. This therefore only a very small amount that has been takenout of the system.
During our waste disposal process, the waste separation staff will sort plastic waste such as plastic
bags, water bottles etc. Such sorted items are exported for sale outside the area in the amountof 10 tons/day (from 1,400 ton/day) representing a percentage 0.21 of the amount of waste todisposal.
In the year 2019, in the total amount of waste
Incombustible others
0.30%
paper,textile
4.36%
disposed of, 31. 14% was classified as plastic,
rubber and leather waste. Compared with thepaper,textile
plastic, Rubber,
20.81%
Leathers
Kitchendata analyzed in 2007, when the total number
waste
Woods, straws
of plastic, rubber and leather waste is about
35.22%
plastic,
Rubber,24. 95% , the total proportion is increased byWoods, Leathers
Kitchen waste
straws 31.14%
6.19%.
8.18%
Incombustible

Figure 4 Physical properties of solid waste, 20196According to the data, though it may be seem that the number of plastic, rubber, and leather
waste has slightly increased from the previous year, NPAO views that the waste reduction andsegregation policy is an ongoing process in which every stakeholders involving in the waste ,particularly plastic waste, management needs to be emphasized and driven by, As Nonthaburi is
considered as a suburb of Bangkok which means is has a high population growth rate as well as
the economic growth. These two factors are the examples that become the main challenges forNPAO’s capacity in dealing with plastic waste, However, NPAO is committed to tackle with theplastic waste by using the advance technology. In 2024, the waste treatment plant will beestablished and become the NPAO’s waste to energy. Also the waste treatment plant anappropriated separation process (direct melting system) because it is more effective andefficient. In addition, fortunately, at the beginning of this year the Thai government has publicly
announced to ban a single-used plastic bags. This can be a great opportunity for not only
Nonthaburi but also Thailand’s plastic waste satiation as a whole to achieve the success ofplastic waste management. Moreover, rather investing another waste disposal plant, NPAO will
be able to spend money on raising awareness to the people especially the young generation.

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