Instrument
Observations
Some results
Conclusion

Fast Imaging Solar Spectrograph (FISS)
Observations of the Chromosphere
Jongchul CHAE
Dept of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University

November 10, 2013

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Instrument
Observations
Some results
Conclusion

FISS on NST

installed in 2010 May
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FISS was made by
I Solar Astronomy Group at SNU

Jongchul Chae: PI, conceptual design
Hyung-Min Park: software & tests
I Kwangsu Ahn: scanner & on-site support
I Hee Su Yang: grating control & softwareII

I Solar and Space Weather Group at KASI

Young-Deuk Park: Co-I, system management
Jakyoung Nah: optical engineering
I Bi Ho Jang: mechanical & electrical engineering
I Kyung-Suk Cho: administration & science promotionII

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Instrument
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Some results
Conclusion

FISS aims
I to precisely measure physical parameters of dynamic

chromospheric features:
Velocity v
Temperature T
I Speed of non-thermal motion ξI Electron density neII

I by recording Hα line and Ca II 8542 line simultaneously

withhigh spectral resolution: R > 105
I high spatial resolution: as high as 0.3”
I high temporal resolution: as high as 10 s
I high signal-to-noise ratio: better than 10I

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Instrument
Observations
Some results
Conclusion

Hα line and Ca II 854.2 nm line
1.0

0.8

0.8

0.6

0.6

0.4

0.4

0.2

0.2

I / Ic1.0

0.0

0.0-0.6 -0.4 -0.2 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6
λ−λ0 (Hα) [nm]-0.6 -0.4 -0.2 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6
λ−λ0 (Ca II) [nm]5 / 36

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FISS as a plasma thermometerλ∆λD,H =cr

2kT+ ξ2mH

λ∆λD,CaII =cand0.6

r

2kT+ ξ240mH

20 km/s
18 km/s

0.5

Width(Ca II)/A

16 km/s

0.4

14 km/s
12 km/s

0.3

10 km/s
8 km/s

0.2
6 km/s

KkK

8k

10K

0.2

K4k

6k

0.0
0.1

2 km/s
0 km/skK
30 k K
28kK
26 Kk
24 Kk
22kK
20 Kk
18 Kk
16 K
k
14kK
120.1

4 km/s0.3
0.4
0.5
Width(H alpha)/A

0.6

0.7
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FISS Imaging

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FISS Parameters and Data
I Parameters
Parameter
Telescope
Slit
Collimator/Imager
Grating
CameraSlit width
Pixel size
Spectral resolution
Coverage
Typical exposure time
Scan cadence

Value for Hα/CaIIλ8542
D = 1.6 m, F/26
32 µm × 10 mm
f =1.5 m, F/26
1/σ = 79 mm−1 , φ = 63◦
512(16µm) × 512(16µm)
0.16000.019/0.025 Å×0.1600 × 0.1600
0.046/0.065 Å (R = 1.4./1.3 × 105 )9.7/13.1 Å×0.1600 N × 4000
0.03 s
20 s (for N = 100)

I DataIIDA (λ, y; x; t) for the Hα bandDB (λ, y; x; t) for the Ca II 854.2 nm band8 / 36

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with AO not operatingwith AO-76
with AO-308

First light observation at BBSO: 2010 May 20

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with AO not operatingwith AO-76
with AO-308

First disk observation at BBSO: 2010 May 21

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Conclusion

with AO not operatingwith AO-76
with AO-308

sunspot

2000630 175731

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Conclusion

with AO not operatingwith AO-76
with AO-308

flare20100722 181243

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Conclusion

with AO not operatingwith AO-76
with AO-308

quiet region

20100723 182938

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with AO not operatingwith AO-76
with AO-308

active region

20110624 0905
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Conclusion

with AO not operatingwith AO-76
with AO-308

quiet region

20110610 2044
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with AO not operatingwith AO-76
with AO-308

quiet region

20110713
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with AO not operatingwith AO-76
with AO-308

active region

20120710 1710
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Conclusion

with AO not operatingwith AO-76
with AO-308

near-limb active region

20120903 1724
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with AO not operatingwith AO-76
with AO-308

limb chromosphere-400 pm-150 pm-100 pm-50 pm

0 pm

50 pm

100 pm

150 pm-400 pm-100 pm-50 pm-25 pm

0 pm

25 pm

50 pm

100 pm20120903 205327

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Conclusion

with AO not operatingwith AO-76
with AO-308

flare20120719 1837

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with AO not operatingwith AO-76
with AO-308

filament

20120711 1816

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Conclusion

with AO not operatingwith AO-76
with AO-308

active region

20130422 201804
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Conclusion

with AO not operatingwith AO-76
with AO-308

active region

20130716 204956
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Observations
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Conclusion

with AO not operatingwith AO-76
with AO-308

active region

20130717 182028
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Conclusion

with AO not operatingwith AO-76
with AO-308

active region

20130718 173033

spatial resolution: 0.400
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Observations
Some results
Conclusion

with AO not operatingwith AO-76
with AO-308

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Instrument
Observations
Some results
Conclusion

with AO not operatingwith AO-76
with AO-308

active region

20130729 191651
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Observations
Some results
Conclusion

with AO not operatingwith AO-76
with AO-308

active region

20130717 192144
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Conclusion

with AO not operatingwith AO-76
with AO-308

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Conclusion

prominences/filaments
quiet regions
active regions

Intensity (105 erg cm-2 sr-1 s-1 nm-1)

prominence temperature
(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

15 τ = 3.43
02.0

∆λD= 0.034 nm
VD= -1.15 km s-1

1.5Iλ,obs = S · [1 − exp(−τλ )]"  #λ − λ1 2
τλ = τ0 exp −∆λD

τ0= 0.29∆λD= 0.023 nm
VD= -2.12 km s-1

101.050.5

T = 11000 K, ξ = 7.8 km s−1
0.00-0.1

0.0

0.1

-0.1

0.0

0.1

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prominences/filaments
quiet regions
active regions

filament

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Conclusion

prominences/filaments
quiet regions
active regions

bisectors of Hα and Ca II 854.2 nm lines

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prominences/filaments
quiet regions
active regions

3-min oscillation as a shock wave
HαCa II 8542

Ti 656050

Hα -0.05 nm

center+0.05 nm

Dopplergram

Time (min)

40

3020

10CaII -0.02 nm

center+0.02 nm

Dopplergram

0-60 -40 -20 0 20
∆v (km/s)

40

60 -30 -20 -10 0 10 20 30 -10 0 10
∆v (km/s)∆v (km/s)

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Conclusion

prominences/filaments
quiet regions
active regions

3-to-5 minute transition of sunspot oscillation

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prominences/filaments
quiet regions
active regions

EB-surge connection

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Conclusion

Conclusion
1. The description of FISS and some initial results were
published in the mini-special-issue of Solar Physics inVolume 288, Issue 1, November 2013.
2. The performance of FISS on NST is now close to the goal:high spectral, high spatial, and high temporal observationsof the chromosphere.
3. The FISS observations will contribute to our understandingof non-hydrostatic support and heating of chromosphericfeatures on the Sun: waves, shocks, reconnection....

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