（令和
日［

外

国

語

）年度

分］＊＊

（英

注

語）

意

．監督者の指示があるまで問題を見ないこと。
．声を出して問題を読まないこと。
．問題は

ページ、

から

まである。

．問題や解答用紙に落丁、乱丁、汚損あるいは印刷不鮮明の箇所があれば、手をあげて監督者に申し出ること。
．解答は必ず鉛筆を使用し、解答用紙に記入すること。
．解答は解答用紙の解答欄の記号にマークすること。
．訂正箇所は、消しゴムできれいに消すこと。
．解答欄には、関係のない符号や文字あるいはメモなどを記入しないこと。
．解答用紙を折ったり汚したりしないこと。
．問題用紙は持ち帰ること。

意味の通る文法的に正しい文を完成させるのにもっとも適切なものを選びなさ
い。
［各

点］

．Don’t think（）failure as something bad. It teaches you lessons.

Ａ．of

Ｂ．overＣ．fromＤ．ahead．Without the goal that Brian made at the end of the game, his team（）.
Ａ．didn’t win

Ｂ．hadn’t won

Ｃ．wouldn’t win

Ｄ．wouldn’t have won．Electronic cigarettes began to take the（）of traditional onesin the 2010s.
Ａ．areaＢ．space．As the proverb（

Ｃ．placeＤ．seat）, people will always tell others when theyknow some secret.
Ａ．brings

Ｂ．comes．Some people have to（Ａ．rest．Washoku,（

Ｃ．goesＤ．takes）work to look after their parents.

Ｂ．quitＣ．giveＤ．break）Japanese cuisine, is a culture in itself, having

been registered on UNESCO’s World Heritage list.
Ａ．or

Ｂ．and

Ｃ．for

＊＊

Ｄ．so

．New York is a city rich in cultural（）, with people comingfrom all over the world.
Ａ．restriction

Ｂ．delight

Ｃ．diversity．There wasn’t much information（

Ｄ．exhibition）after the newly-identified

virus was found.
Ａ．clipped

Ｂ．devoted

Ｃ．released

Ｄ．extinguished．Pat（）in computer science, so he is familiar with computer

technology.
Ａ．selected

Ｂ．majored

Ｃ．dwelled

Ｄ．delayed．Wine has been produced here in Yamanashi for 150 years and is
still the area’s major（）.

Ａ．environment

Ｂ．industry

Ｃ．habitat

Ｄ．vocation．Cindy’s school had to（
Ａ．take up）the picnic because it started to rain.

Ｂ．go out

Ｃ．break in

Ｄ．call off．In order to properly fight a fire in an emergency, fire lanes need to
be clear（）.

Ａ．all in good time

Ｂ．over time

Ｃ．with the times

Ｄ．at all times＊＊

．As they often move, they prefer renting an apartment（）ahouse.
Ａ．for buying

Ｂ．so as to buy

Ｃ．to buy

Ｄ．to buying．（）you are twenty years old, you should live on your own.

Ａ．However

Ｂ．Now that

Ｃ．So that．Take all the time you want. I’m in no（
Ａ．speedＢ．rush）.

Ｃ．race．I have to admit I cannot（

Ｄ．ThenＤ．fly）the delicious Japanese snack

called dorayaki.
Ａ．resist

Ｂ．rescue

Ｃ．forbearＤ．protect．Even though Sarah is one of the board members, she（）

attends board meetings.
Ａ．always

Ｂ．normally

Ｃ．often．That night after supper, we all sat（Ａ．down．In the（Ｂ．aroundＤ．seldom）a campfire.

Ｃ．backＤ．up）future, I would like to finish my business degree toget a promotion.
Ａ．current

Ｂ．sudden．The actor’s blog post（
Ａ．looksＣ．prompt

Ｄ．near）that he was in Los Angeles that day.

Ｂ．reads

Ｃ．seems＊＊

Ｄ．makes．Sharply rising land prices（）to the high cost of housing in

Vancouver.
Ａ．add

Ｂ．devote

Ｃ．dedicate

Ｄ．assign．I will have limited time next week, but after that, I will（
the problems.
Ａ．impress

Ｂ．quitＣ．affect＊＊Ｄ．address）

語句を並べ替えてもっとも自然な英文を完成させ、番目と番目に入れるものの記号を書きなさい。ただし、文頭に来る語も小文字にしてある。
［各

．
（

（
）

（
）

（
）

（
）

）
（

点］

）over to the airport

to see me off!
Ａ．kind

Ｂ．are

Ｃ．to

Ｄ．you

Ｅ．how

Ｆ．come．Those students have little information about that class.（
（

（
）

）
（

（
）

（
）

）it.

Ａ．believe

Ｂ．shouldn’t

Ｃ．about

Ｄ．you

Ｅ．they say

Ｆ．what．My

computer

（

（
）

broke

down.

）

It（

）
（

）
（

）
（

）

）by a service center.

Ａ．costＢ．it

Ｃ．me

Ｄ．repaired

Ｅ．to have

Ｆ．two hundred dollars．Lisa was watching TV at noon（
（

（
）

）
（

（
）

Ｂ．wentＣ．when

Ｄ．see

Ｅ．I

Ｆ．to

was（

）

）to

spread

）
.

Ａ．her

．It

）
（

（
）

）
（

）
（

）
（

）
（

westwards from China.
Ａ．not until

Ｂ．papermaking

Ｃ．started

Ｄ．thatＥ．the art ofＦ．755 A.D.

＊＊

．
（

）
（

）
（

）
（

）
（

）
（

）, I

will

masterGreek.
Ａ．of

Ｂ．how

Ｃ．regardlessＤ．takesＥ．long

Ｆ．it

．It（

（
）

（
）

（
）

（
）

）ever（）an identicalcommand of their common language.
Ａ．haveＢ．goesＣ．no two people

Ｄ．saying

Ｅ．thatＦ．without．If you don’t thoroughly explore your career options, you may（（（））from one job（

）
（

）
（

）

）in search of

the right one.
Ａ．end

Ｂ．hoppingＣ．next

Ｄ．the

Ｅ．to

Ｆ．up

．（

（
）

（
）

）that（）（）（）support.

Ａ．a family

Ｂ．in

Ｃ．bearＤ．mindＥ．toＦ．you have

．Many people insist that the true secret（simply to（

（
）

）of（

（
）

）
（

）about the other person.

Ａ．a lot

Ｂ．successＣ．questions

Ｄ．social

Ｅ．ask

Ｆ．to

＊＊

）is

．My brother always（

（
）

（
）

（
）

）
（

）
（

）

）
（

）

goes out.
Ａ．he

Ｂ．himself

Ｃ．in

Ｄ．beforeＥ．the mirror

Ｆ．looks at．How many of us have searched for our keys only（
（

（
）

（
）

（
）

）supposed to be all along?

Ａ．findＢ．theyＣ．to

Ｄ．whereＥ．themＦ．were＊＊次のページに進みなさい＊＊次の文章を筋の通ったものにするために、枠内にあるＡ〜Ｄからもっとも適切なものを選び（［各）の中に入れなさい。（＊印の語（句）は注を参照のこと）

点］

（Ａ）

Ａ．This was also the time when the city of Boston was theliterature capital of America.
Ｂ．It is this ideal that continues to attract such a broad reading
public to this day.
Ｃ．Another prominent author and poet, James Russell Lowell, wasthe first editor of The Atlantic Monthly.
Ｄ．In more recent times, it has published essays by Martin LutherKing, Jr. and commentary on America’s overseas military activity.

In the mid-19th century, Abraham Lincoln was about to becomepresident, slavery was still legal, and railroads had not yet crossed
America.（⑴）It was against this political and cultural backgroundin 1857 that one of the greatest American magazines was foundedThe

Atlantic Monthly. The magazine was the creation of several famous
American authors, including Ralph Waldo Emerson, Henry Wadsworth
Longfellow and Oliver Wendell Holmes.（ ⑵ ）In addition to working
as the magazine’s editor, he was also a professor of languages at
Harvard University.
The magazine was famous for fostering young writers from the
beginning. In fact, the first works of Mark Twain and Henry James
were published in The Atlantic Monthly. However, the magazine wasmore than just a collection of literary works. In its early days, it
provided key reporting on the Civil War.（ ⑶ ）The magazine has＊＊also been an important voice for women’s issues since the late 19th
century.
The Atlantic Monthly

now known as The Atlantic

continues tobe successful, with a circulation of over 400,000 copies per month.
Moreover, the original spirit of the magazine remains intact. Part of the
Declaration of Purpose written in the first issue stressed that themagazine’s focus was “freedom, national progress and honor.”（ ⑷ ）

＊＊

（Ｂ）

Ａ．A stone that had rested in one spot for a long time took oneven more added value.
Ｂ．They were first traded as currency 500 or 600 years ago, but
are no longer in such use today.
Ｃ．However, some are still exchanged in traditional ways, just as in
the past.
Ｄ．Such stones did not exist on Yap, so they were consideredhighly valuable.

Perhaps the world’s most interesting currency is the rai stone of theisland of Yap in Micronesia.（⑸）

Historians say the trading of rai stones began when men from Yap
found limestone* on the island of Palau, 300 miles away. Rai stones canbe more than a meter in diameter and weigh up to four tons.（ ⑹ ）Yap men began to transport these stones back to their home via smallboats, a dangerous endeavor considering the distance and the weight ofthe stones. The value of each stone differed greatly according to not only
its size and style, but also in relation to how many men died inbringing it back to Yap. The stones were too large to move very often
and this too soon became part of their worth.（ ⑺ ）Rai stones were crafted into circular shapes, with round holes in thecenter.

They

were

used

mostlyinsymbolictransactions

such

as

weddings and political agreements, but sometimes they were evenexchanged for food. Rai stones began to fall out of use at the turn ofthe 20th century. Japanese forces in World War II even used some asanchors for ships.

＊＊

Today, the people of Yap use regular money, and rai stones are
admired mostly for their cultural value.（ ⑻ ）They are now a proudpart of Yap history. A rai stoneor rather an image of one

decorates the license plate on all Yap automobiles.

［注］limestone: 石灰岩［石］

＊＊

even

次の英文を読んで、質問に答えなさい。（＊印の語（句）は注を参考にするこ
と）
［各

点］

（Ａ）The United Nations predicts that the world’s human population willreach almost 9.8 billion by 2050. As the population of the world in 2019was 7.7 billion, this growth means there will be about 2 billion more
people living on this planet in only 30 years. You may ask yourself,“Where will all these people live?” “How will we be able to feed
everyone?” “Will there be enough fresh water?” These are just the basics.
What about the demand for cars and other forms of transport, or thedemand for electricity and electrical appliances in developed countries? It
is obvious there will continue to be enormous stress placed on theenvironment to maintain such a population, as well as having to fighttheeffectsofclimatechange.

Manyexpertssee

replacingmeat

consumption as being vital to help solve many of these challenges.
The reason why meat is seen as a problem is that raising theanimals to produce meat requires large amounts of crops to be used asfeed. Also, when raising animals for meat production, only a small
fraction of the calories（in the food）given to the animals are actuallyconsumed by people. Most of the calories given to these animals areused during their lives. Vast areas of land are used to produce crops
such as soybeans, grains and grass. Opponents to meat production statethat this land could be put to better use if humans were to eat the foodproduced instead. Crop production requires huge areas of farmland,
water and fertilizers. Creating new farmland involves the destruction of
the natural habitats of many plants and animals. Increasing water
demand will mean that in times of drought, the effects will be evengreater. Additionally, fossil fuels are used to produce most fertilizers,
which is a major cause of global warming.

＊＊

Another reason why meat is seen as an area of concern is that it
is often viewed as a sign of higher social status. Because eating meat ismore expensive than eating staples, such as rice or grains, it becomes astatus symbol. Therefore, as the global economy grows, together with the
population, the global demand for meat is expected to increase evenfurther.
There are some alternatives to meat produced from animals. These
products are called different things such as “meat alternatives,” “meatsubstitutes” or “vegetarian meat.” Most of these are made from plants
such as soybeans. They are produced to taste, smell and look the sameas meat produced from animals. There are a wide range of different
variants available, produced to imitate different types of meat. In thepast, these products were mostly consumed by vegetarians or vegans
who chose not to eat meat, or by people who did not eat meat fromcertain animals due to medical or religious reasons. However, due to the
problems related to meat production from animals, these products arelikely to become more widely consumed as we look for asustainable future.

．この英文の主旨は次のどれか。
Ａ．代替肉の歴史と今後の生産の見通し。
Ｂ．人口増加に対応する環境政策。
Ｃ．肉食文化と社会的地位の関係。
Ｄ．食肉生産の問題点とその解決策。

．本文の内容と一致するものはどれか。
Ａ．近年の畜産技術開発はめざましい。
Ｂ．畜産には大量の穀物が必要である。
Ｃ．鶏肉より牛肉の生産のほうが環境への負荷が高い。
Ｄ．代替肉の食感は課題の一つである。

＊＊

more

（Ｂ）Permafrost is defined as any soil in very cold climates that has
been frozen for two years or more. In other words, it is permanently
frozen ground. Currently, approximately 24 percent of the land in thenorthern half of our planet is permafrost. Some of it has been frozen fortens of thousands of years, and in the most northern parts of the world,
it can be hundreds of thousands of years old. Permafrost almost always
has an “active layer.” This is the very top of the soil that melts in the
Arctic summer. A few plants may grow in this layer, and animals use it
as their home and for

food.

But

beneaththisactivelayer,

thepermafrost itself remains frozen.
However, our climate is changing. As the atmosphere and theoceans are beginning to get warmer, more and more permafrost is
beginning to melt, and not just the active layer. This is a major problem
for the environment, and it could cause the process of climate change towarm the planet even faster than scientists had originally thought.
Like all soil, permafrost is full of organic matter, such as tiny
pieces of dead plants and animals. In normal soil, these things areeaten by bacteria, which then produce carbon dioxide. This, of course, isa natural process. The frozen organic material in permafrost, however,cannot be broken down by bacteria. So for thousands and thousands ofyears, permafrost has been collecting and holding this carbon-richmaterial, keeping it out of the atmosphere. As the planet begins to getwarmer, however, this ancient permafrost starts to melt, and all of thatfrozen carbon begins to break down and is released, warming the planet
even more. The higher the temperature rises, the faster the permafrost
melts. The cycle becomes worse and worse.
A related problem is methane* gas. Like carbon dioxide, methane isa “greenhouse gas” that causes the atmosphere to get warmer. But＊＊methane is 20 to 25 times more damaging than carbon dioxide. Methane
is produced by many different natural processes. Some of these processes
occur in the earth itself, and some are caused by bacteria. Arctic regions
have many sources of methane gas, but permafrost and sea ice in the
Arctic Ocean help to keep large amounts of methane frozen and trapped.
Now, as the ice and permafrost melt to a greater degree, all of thistrapped methane can be released into the atmosphere.
Scientists still do not know exactly how bad it could get. Some saythat by the year 2200, we could lose up to 60 percent of the world’s
permafrost. If that happens, it would release half the amount of carbon
that humans have released since the beginning of the industrial age.
The only thing we can do about it is to continue reducing the amount ofcarbon we produce as humans and hope that nature will recover.

［注］methane: メタン．この英文の主旨は次のどれか。
Ａ．北極圏の氷が溶けると海面が上昇し、生態系が変化する。
Ｂ．北極圏に生息する動植物の生活環境が大きく変化している。
Ｃ．永久凍土に含まれる有機物はバクテリアによって分解される。
Ｄ．永久凍土の溶解は気候変動を加速させる可能性が高い。

．本文の内容と一致するものはどれか。
Ａ．永久凍土層は地球のおよそ分のを覆っている。

Ｂ．永久凍土の一部では夏に植物が育ち、動物の食料になる。
Ｃ．二酸化炭素はメタンよりも強力な温室効果ガスである。
Ｄ．

年までに全世界の永久凍土層がすべて溶けるだろう。

＊＊

次の英文を読んで、質問に答えなさい。［各点］（Ａ）Few famous people have had more ups and downs in their lives
than Ulysses S. Grant（1822-1885）. For nearly the first 40 years of his
life, he was not famous at all and many people around him thought he
was a failure. Even after he became a popular army general and later
the president of the United States, he still experienced many difficult
moments.
It was the American Civil War, which lasted from 1861 to 1865,
that made Grant famous. He led the army of the northern states tomany victories and was known for his bravery. He was elected presidentof the country not long after the war and remained in that position foreight years. However, Grant was much less successful as a politician
than he had been as an army general. There were numerous politicalscandals during his time as president since he was also famous for his
fondness of alcohol.
The years after his presidency were also not easy for Grant. He
lost almost all of his money because of bad investments that he made.
On top of all of his troubles, he also learned that he had throat cancer.
However, Grant did not give up easily. Despite his illness, he wrote an
autobiography to make money for the future of his wife and children.
The book was a huge success and helped to restore Grant’s popularity
among the American people.
Even though Grant had many problems and failures, his courageboth during the war and as a sufferer of cancer
people over the years.

＊＊

has inspired many

．What is the main topic of this passage?
Ａ．President Grant’s political career.
Ｂ．Grant’s successes and failures.
Ｃ．General Grant’s wartime victories.
Ｄ．Grant’s popularity throughout his life.

．According to the passage, which of the following is true about
Grant?
Ａ．His political success inspired many people.
Ｂ．His autobiography did not sell well in America.
Ｃ．He was unknown until the Civil War began.
Ｄ．He became president first for the southern states.

＊＊

（Ｂ）The word parachute brings to mind an image of a person floatingin the sky under a large piece of thin cloth after leaping from anairplane. However, there is much that led up to its eventual use today
as a safety and recreational device.
The experimental history of the parachute started in 1783 inFrance when Joseph and Jacques Montgolfier put a sheep, a duck and arooster in a hot air balloon and succeeded in landing it safely on the
ground.

Soon

after,Louis-Sebastien

Lenormand,

credited

with

the

invention of the modern parachute, tested whether a parachute could be
used as a rescue device for people trapped in a tall burning building. He
used a huge parachute and successfully demonstrated that a person
could jump safely from a building.
But it was another French inventor, Jean-Pierre Blanchard, who in
1785 put these experiments together to see whether a parachute could
permit the safe landing of a human from a flying object. Since air
balloons rose much higher than any buildings, Blanchard decided it was
still too dangerous for a human to carry out the first test. Therefore,
the very first parachute passenger to jump from a flying object was
Blanchard’s dog. His dog floated safely to the ground from the balloon,and parachuting as we know it today began.
Blanchard himself may have been too frightened to be the firstpassenger. However, in 1793, his hot air balloon became damaged inflight, so he had to jump with a parachute or he would die. Blanchard
jumped and landed successfully. Today, Blanchard
are remembered as the pioneers of the parachute.

＊＊as well as his dog

．What is the main idea of this passage?
Ａ．The development of the parachute and those involved.
Ｂ．The history of animals used in experiments.
Ｃ．The debate over who invented the parachute.
Ｄ．The competition between inventors of the parachute.

．According to the passage, why did Blanchard choose a dog to first
try out his parachute?
Ａ．His dog was not afraid of jumping from high places.
Ｂ．No one wanted to participate in his dangerous experiment.
Ｃ．The parachute was still too risky to be used by people.
Ｄ．The device on the parachute did not fit on people.

＊＊

（Ｃ）Many people think that mice are cute, due to the popularity ofcartoons in which mice are given a warm and soft appearance. However,it might be difficult to convince a farmer that mice have special charms.
Far too often, mice eat into the supplies of stored grains and arethought to carry dangerous diseases. Therefore, keeping mice away fromfood storage is a major goal for anyone involved in agriculture.
The first key in preventing mice from getting into food supplies isthe careful maintenance of storage facilities. Mice can crawl through thetightest of openings and also eat through wood. Therefore, facilities need
to be well constructed and continually checked for openings. Repairs
should be made at once when needed. Keeping the facility clean is also
important. If mice are spotted, they need to be eliminated as quickly as
possible. The urgency of eliminating mice once they appear is related totheir reproduction. A few mice can very quickly turn into an army.
Traditional ways of catching or killing mice include the use oftraps and different kinds of poison. Surprisingly, the use of dogs or catsas mice-catchers almost never works, as the mice often come to live off
the food supplies of the very animals that are being used to catch them.
Electronic devices such as noisemakers have also proved ineffective. Thisis because mice are quite clever and soon grow accustomed to regularly
repeated sounds.
The simplest and most effective way to avoid problems with mice isto prevent them from gaining access in the first place. Once theseunwelcome guests have taken over, getting rid of them is no small task.

＊＊

．What is the main topic of this passage?
Ａ．The productive roles mice play in agriculture.
Ｂ．The efforts by farmers to eliminate mice-catchers.
Ｃ．The recent findings about mice behavior.
Ｄ．The prevention of mice in agricultural storage.

．According to the passage, why must storage facilities be checked
regularly?
Ａ．To make sure electronic devices are working properly.
Ｂ．To eliminate dangerous diseases that kill mice.
Ｃ．To find openings that may allow mice to enter.
Ｄ．To make necessary repairs to mice-catchers.

＊＊外国語（英語）解答用紙

1

1

A

B C D

1

A

B C D

2

A

B C D

1

A

B C D E

（ 2 ）
F

A

B C D E

F

2

A

B C D

3

A

B C D

2

A

B C D EFA

B C D E

F

3

A

B C D

4

A

B C D

3

A

B C D EFA

B C D E

F

4

A

B C D

5

A

B C D

4

A

B C D EFA

B C D E

F

5

A

B C D

6

A

B C D

5

A

B C D EFA

B C D E

F

6

A

B C D

7

A

B C D

6

A

B C D EFA

B C D E

F

7

A

B C D

8

A

B C D

7

A

B C D EFA

B C D E

F

8

A

B C D

9

A

B C D

8

A

B C D EFA

B C D E

F

10

A

B C D

9

A

B C D EFA

B C D E

F

11

A

B C D

10

A

B C D EFA

B C D E

F

12

A

B C D

11

A

B C D EFA

B C D E

F

13

A

B C D

12

A

B C D EFA

B C D E

F

14

A

B C D

15

A

B C D

16

A

B C D

17

A

B C D

18

A

B C D

19

A

B C D

20

A

B C D

21

A

B C D

22

A

B C D

2

1

A

B C D

1

A

B C D

2

A

B C D

2

A

B C D

3

A

B C D

3

A

B C D

4

A

B C D

4

A

B C D

5

A

B C D

6

A

B C D

12点

（ 5 ）

24点

22点

4

2 日［＊＊］

5

18点

3

24点