lSSN O912−7410

No．12 JANUARY1990．ヽ †Jリー▲ヾリJ

1I・
プ∠、ノJ〃rE月〃AmOⅣAエ⊥d貯E E〃W月0〃〟EⅣr CO〟〟汀rEE FO【珊♪ATJO〃−●ーFor B◎憤8r Lake Managem￠nt￣This Newsletteris also ava‖ableinJapanese．

THE SIL WORKSHOP OF THE AFRICAN GREATLAKES−1nternationalSymposium on Resource Use andCon＄erVation of the African Great Lake＄−
Seriousdamagehasoccurredtothenativefishcommun−
TheInternationalSociety of Limno10gy（SIL）work−
Shop，NResource Use and Conservation ofthe African
ity．The sitLJation ha＄ become ＄O SeVere that a10ng
almostaIr shores ofthelake nativefishes have notbeen
Great Lakes was heId at Bujumbura，Burundi，nOrth−easternendofLakeTanganyika．from29Novemberto2
Caught dLJring the pastlO years，and a endemic
Hap10Chromine fishes are facmg extinction．1n officiaI
December1989．
fisheriesstatistics，however，the presentfisheryyieldis
The working group on the African Great Lakes was
Settled at the GeneT alAssemb］y of the S［L Congress
SeVeraItimes greater than that of previous years．
at HamiltoTl，New Zealand，in February1987，With Accordingly，a］Ipure bio10gists aswe assomefishe「yRosemary Lowe−McConne ofthe United Kingdom as
SCientistscautionedagainstthefuturestockingofexotic
theconvenor，andtheworkshoponglna yschl∋duledfor
fish species to any naturalbodies of water；Whereas
late1987 0r early1988．However，Various reasons SOme Other fishery scientists strongIy favoured also
introducingsuchspeciesto＄OmeOtherlakesinAfricain
beyond our contTOlfoTCedit to be postponed＄eVeraltimes，and the convenor changed to C．Roest of theOrder toincrease protein resources．）n this context，
Neth8rtands．
however．one parEicipant s comments concernlng theOverlOO scientists，Officers and governmentaldecト
Situationin Lake Victoria are particuIarly relevant．He
Sionmakersfrom23countrie＄；Austria，Belgium，Burun− noted that，formerLy，SrTlalL−Sized natiYefishes cou［d bedi，Canada，Chad，FinIand．France．1taIy，Japan，Kenya，Caughtby mostnat董Ve P8rSOnSthemselves，butthatthe
Malawi．Mozambique．Netherland，NewZealand．Niger−
exotic Tilaplne and Nile perch are too big for theia，Rwanda，Tanzania，Uganda，United Kingdom，USA．
average f［sherman to catch and are presentIy too
Zaire，Zambia and Zimbabwe attended the workshop．
expensive for native people to buy．If this situation
Everydayduringtheworkshopschedule．presentation
PreVailsin most areas，then，COntrary tO the official
anddiscussiontookpIacefrom8amtolO：40pm．1nthe Statistics，nativepeopIearoundthe［akehaveundergone
PreSenCe Of severalministers of the BurundiGovern−ment，theworkshop beganwithan overviewofitsaims
andobjl∋CtivesbyG．NtakimazioftheNationalUniver＄ity
Of Burundi．During the mornlngS and afternoons five
SeSSionswereheldunderthefo owingcategories：Fish
StOCks and fisheries，Scientific value，Water，Oil，and
TouT ism．TheevenLng＄WereglVenOVertOmOreintimate
PreSentationanddiscussiononthefol10Wlng8sessions：Fisheries of Lake Tanganyika，Fisheries of Lake Kivu，lnshore fisherie＄，Conservation and management，Fisheries of Lake Victoria，Fisheries of Lake Malawi／
Nyasaand Uganda，Waterquality，and Scientificvalue．
TheextremelyimportantscientificvafueoftheAfrican
Great Lakes from respect蕃Ve POints of view，and their
SuSCePtibiIitytopo utionandotherartificialeffectswereemphasized and reconfirmed by allparticipants．
TheshoreofLakeTanganyikaonthe North−WeStern
Aheateddiscussiontookplaceconcerningfi＄hstock−endofthelake，OVerlookingtheUviraStationofthe
mg．1nLakeVictoria．forinstance，fo owingtheintroduc− CRSN（left）．（Photo：Masahide Yuma on 23ApriI，tionofanexoticTifaplnefishandpiscivorousNileperch
1988）．

a dramatic decreasein their proteinintake and eco−nomy．FinaIly，a participantsagreedonthenecessityof
we considered assessments from naturaland socia［
SCientificpointsofviewpr10rtOSuChkindsofstocking・AnotherserioustopICOfdiscussionwasoilpo ution・Some oilcornpanies are now making approaches for
Permissionto dri the bottom of LakeTanganyikaand
Lake MaIawi／Nyasa．Experience of oilpo utionin
NigeTia and othbr parts ofthe world waswe demon−
Strated，and allparticipants were extremely worried
aboutthepotentia ycatastrophiceffectsofsuch po‖u−tionin these deep and vulnerablelakes・
Onthefina［dayoftheworkshop．twoexcursionswere

made．Onewasavisittothe sourceofthe N eand other
SCenic placesin Burundi；the otheTWaS a Visit to the
UviraStationoftheNationalResearchCentreforNatural
Sciences（CRSN）in Zaire，formerly named thelRSAC−
Uvira，A participants on thelatter excursion greatly
enJOyed and admired the cooperative research on theecology and limnology of Lake Tanganyika between
Zairean scientistsandJapanese researcher亭，in which
extremelyImPOrtantStudieshave beencontinuedsince
1979and have resuItedin the publication of over300
PaPerS and reports to dateL
Hiroya Kawanabe
Faculty of Science，Kyoto University

4THINTERNAT10NAL CONFERENCE ON THE CONSERVATtON
LAKES NHANGZHOU，90N
AND MANAGEMENT OF
abstract（500 words orless，Standard format）to the
ILECis proud to announce the fourth bi−annua1
Secretariat of the Preparatory Committee by ApriI30，
1ntemat弓OnalConferenceonthe ConseTVationand Man−
agement of Lakes．This conferenceis being co− 1990．Theconferenceproceedingswi becompiledand
Published a few months after the conference，With
Organized by the Chinese Research Academy of En，
COntributors required to submit their finalrnanuscripts
vironmentalSciences and otherinstitutionsincluding
before October20，1990．
lLEC，andisscheduled to be heldin Hangzhou，China
圏VENUE：
between September5and9，1990・
TheConferencewi beheldattheHangzhouShangri−
This conference fol10WS three previous conferences
heldsince19840nLakeBiwa，Japan；LakeHuron，USA； La Hotelin2Beishan Lu，Hangzhou．China，
Tel：0571−22921（during the conference），4022542
and Lake Balaton，Hungary．Fo owing the pattern of（Before and after the conference）Beijing．
these conferences．XHangzhou 90 willfeature pre−
圏MAIN
TOPICSsentations on a broad range of topICS related tol．Problemldentification and Case Studies：
COnSerVation and management oflake＄・a）SiItation，aCidification，eutrOPhication．toxic con−AIso，in keep［ng With the tradition of the＄e COnfer−tamination and other health problems．
ences，Participantsw‖betreatedto asampllng Oftheb）RoIe and protection of bio−COmmunitiesin water
10Calculture of the hostlake andits surroundings．1n
and wetlands．
Hangzhou，thatlakeis LakeXi−Hu・Althoughthe nameC）Compatibility between differentIake uses・〝xi−Hu．translatesintoEnglishsimplyasXwestLake．，it
2．Sustainable Management of Lakes／Reservoirs andhas been a symbo10f Hangzhou for over2，000years・
the弓r Basins：
Lake Xl−Hu has blue waters，the surroundinglS greena）Strategies for the contro10f po＝utant sources・h‖s，andits attractivelandscape has earnedit theb）Choice of adequate techno10gies．
reputation as an earthlyparadise ，Whichisconfirmed
C）Water resource economics．
byanoldChinesesay■ng： Aboveusthereisparadise・d）Mode‖ng and pIanning．
and here below we have Suzhou and Hangzhou．
e）lnstitutionalandlegalaspects．
The main topics of the conference are listed below.
3．SpecialSessions
on thelnteraction of LocaI．
Thosewhointerestedin presenting apaperrelatedto
NationaIandlnternationalAgencies，Scientists
andanyofthesetopicsarereque＄tedtosendatypewritten
Citizensin Lake Management：a）lntegrated Eake management・（Sponsored bylnternationalWater Re＄OUrCeS
Association）
b）Citizen paT ticipation and environmentat education
inlake management．（Sponsored bylLEC）

圏SPONSORS AND SUPPORTING ORGANIZATIONS（PrOVis弓onaりChina NationaE EnvironmentalProtection Agency
Chinese Research Academy of EnvironmentalSci−
enCeS

lnternationalLake EnvironmentalCommittee FoundaTtion
United Nations EnvironmentalProgrammelnternationalWater Resources Association
lnternationaIAssociation of Theo（eticaland Applied
Limno10gy

PROVIS10NAL PROGRAMME
Sep．4
Morni咽 Arrival
Afternoon Registration
Sep．5
Morning Opening Ceremony（Chaired by Prof．Liu
Hongliang）
Keynote Addresses
Mr．QuGeping（AdministratorofChinaNEPA）
Dr．Tolba（Director of UNEP）
Mr．ChaiSongyue（DeputyGovernorofZhe−jiang Province）
Mr・XiuYunhong（DeputyMayorofHangzhou
C瑚
Dr・Tatuo Kira（Chairperson oflLEC）
Tea breaklnvited Speeches
Lunch break
AfteTnOOn SessionlProblem−Identification and Case
Studies，aCidification，Session11Siltation，and toxic contaminat弓On
and other heaIth probrems
Tea breakAfternoon Sessions Continued
Evening Welcome Reception
Sep．6
Morning Sessionllntegratedlake management，（Sponsored by TWRA）
Session11StrategiesforthecontroIofpo u−tant sources
Afternoon SessionIRole and protection of aquaticbio−COmmunities and wetlands
SessionIIChoice ofadequatetechno10gies
Sep．7
Morning＆Afternoon Field T「1pEvenlng Hangzhou Evening
Sep．8
Morning SessionlCompatibiIitybetweendifferent．ake
USeS

Session II Water Resource economy
Afternoon SessionlModelling and plannlng
Session Eutrophication of Lakes
Sep．9
Morning Sessionllnstitutionar andlegalaspects
Session［lCitizen participation and environ−mentaIeducatipon（Sponsored bylLEC）
Afternoon CIosing Ceremony
Report on Session Meeting by Session
Chairmen
Address by Dr．Tatuo Kira
SpeachbytheorganizerofNextConference
CIosing Speech by Prof．Liu HongFFang
Evening FareweLIParty（with Entertainment）＊＊＊ Logisticallnformation ＊＊＊㊥ENTRYINTO CHINA
The Conference Secretariat will send you an official
invitationissued by the Chinese EnvironmentalProtec−
tion Agency・Please applyirTlmediately for your entry
visa at the Chinese Embassy or Consulate in your
COUntry aS SOOn aS yOu reCeive theinvftation．

㊥HOTEL ACCOMMODATIONS

AseIection of hotelrooms rangingfrom＄16（US）−＄80
Single occupancy，and ＄27．50−＄45 peT PerSOn tWin
OCCuPanCy W‖be available for reservation．A rooms
incIude prlVate bath，air conditioner，COIor TV andteIephone．Please note that a deposit of US＄100is
required．
㊥socIAL EVENTS
ln additiontoafu −dayfieldtrip，aWelcorTle Recep−
tionadFrewP止ycIuxhg．

1nternationalA＄SOCiation on Water PoIIution Researchand Controland other Chineseinstitutions
圏WORKING LANGUAGE：
The officialFanguage ofthe Conferenceis English
and Chinese．and simultaneous transIation between
English−Chhese wi be prov蕃ded．

1naddition／HangzhouEvenlngX−abanquetwithdanc−
1ng and pe「formance offolk artswilIbe held atasma
island on Lake Xifu for an additional＄20per person．

㊥pROGRAMME FOR ACCOMPANYING PERSONSThis packageinc［udes the socialevents describedabove，aS We as the fo owing day tours：LingyinTemp］e，Tomb and Temple of Yue Fei，Downtown
Markets，Hupau Spring．Liuhe Pagoda，Silk Fabric，Dragon We Green Tea Farm．
㊥posT−CONFERENCE TOURS
Aselectionof5−10daypackagetoursofChinawi bemade available to those who wish to extend their staybeyond the conference．Prices for these tours range
from US＄736．89−＄1293．20s手ngle，and＄625−＄1162．70
Per PerSOn tWjn・Tours are arranged by HangzhoulnternationalConventionCenter，andfu‖pre−Paymentis
required．
㊥coNFERENCE REG（STRAT10N
Advan（：ed Late
ParticipantStudent
Accompanylng Person

Registration Registration
US＄250
US＄300
US＄125
US＄150
US＄125
US＄150HURRY ＝ DON T MISS OUT！！！
Please keepln mind the ApriF30，1990deadIine for：
abstract submi＄Sion，
advanced registration，
hotelreservation，and
POSt−COnference tour reservation．
For registration forms and full details regarding theCOnference，related activities，and post−COnference
tours，Please contact：
Mr．Zhang YutianSecretariatofPreparationCommittee，−Hangzhou 90
Foreign Affairs Oftice
Chine＄e Research Academy of EnvironmentalSci−
enCeS

lOOO12Beiyuan，Anwai
Beijing，The People s RepubIic of China
Telephone：4022542 Cable：1064
Telex：210364 CRAES CN

1NTERNAT10NAL SYMPOSIUM− ECOLOGY FOR TOMORROW
Were joint organizers，andlLEC a co−SPOnSOr．
An eco10gICalsymposium entitIed EcoIogy for
Thesymposiumwasalsoplacedasasate itemeeting
Tomor⊂OW was held dLJring 2−3 November1989 at
OftheFifthlnternationalCongTeSSOfEco10gytObehe［dLake Biwa Researchlnstitutein Otsu，Japan．
in Yol｛Ohama，Japanin August1990，hoping that the
1n T eCent yearS，raPid population growth，eXCeSSive
SymPOSiumw‖contributetothefurLheradvancementof
industrialdeve10PmentSand urbanizationongoingworl−
eco10gytOWardthetWenty−firstcentury，One−fi什yresear−
dwidehavebroughtforthamarkedrateofchangeinthe
Chers and administrators attended the symposium．in−quatities of the gIobaInaturalenvironment．1t has al＄O
Cluding10overseaslecturers and discussants from7
influencedhumanactivitiesofmentalitytotheextentthat
COuntries．
the problems about environmental degradation and
The symposium was addressed by Shiga Prefecturaleven crisis are concerns of growinglmPOr（ance to ourGovernorMinorulnaba，JapanEco10gicalSocietyPresi−
lifeinnotonlymaterialbutalsospiritualterms．lnviewof
dent Prof，Kawanabe，andlntemationaT Association forthesituation，thisSymposiumaimedataccessingrecent
Eco（Ogy President Prof．Go ey，and two days heatedachievementsandfutureprospectofeco10gicalstudies
discussion was deve10Ped，COVering such themes as
in such context．
basicresearch，Civilparticipation．cooperatioTlbetween
Taking！he oppo「tunity of the tenth anniversal y Of
researchandadministration．1n par（icuIar，rOIeofecoIo−shiga Prefectura10rdinance on the Prevention of
gyandeco10gicalresearchersinregIOnaldeve10Pment
EutrophicationinLakeBiwaN，ShigaPrefectura［Govern−
becamecoreofthediscussion，andneedofcooperation
ment，Which ha＄been engagedin aspecialendeavour
between researchers asinformation−SuPPIIerS andto preservewaterenvironments of Lake Biwaand kept
administrators as pollCy−1mPlementators was stressed．
earnest concern for the development of ecological
Onthethirdday，Participantsenjoyedaboatexcursion
research as foundation＄†or∈；UCh conseⅣation efIo「ls．
On the southern Lake Biwa，With waterqLJalitysurve‖−
tookinitiativein organizlng the symposiurTl．Accepting
anceontheboatandinspectionoflakeshorelandscape．
theproposalbythe，Government．theEco10gicalSociety
OfJapan and thelntemationalAssociation for Eco10gy
Program

HYDROLOGICALINFORMATrON REFERRAL SERVICE−］NFOHYDRO OF THE WORLD METEOROLOGICAL ORGANIZAT10N
Theaimofoneofthemajor10ng，termPrOJeCtSWithin
theOperationalHydro10gyProgramme（OHP），OneOfthe
three component programmes of the Hydro10gy andWater Resources Programme（HWRP）of WMO，is to4

promote the exchange of information on the status ofhydro10glCalactivities of HydroIogicalServices／Agen−
Cies of Members．TheinlPlementation ofthis projectis
largely the re＄POnSibility ofthe WMO Secretariat，andresource assessment activities of Members．As a com−
Puterized service，INFOHYDROis expected to be
deve10Pedgradua yintoanNon−1ineXsystemwhichwi
be made availabIe to Members and other users．

ha＄eVOIved as a seTVice to Members and other users．
lNFOHYDRO is a service for the dissemination of
information on：（a）Nationa（andintemational（governmentaland non−governmental）organizations．institutionsand agenT
Cie＄deallng With hydroIogy，（b）Hydro10gicaIand reJated activities of the bodies
mentionedin（a）（C）principalriver andlake basins ofthe world．
（d）Networks of hydroFogica10bserving stations of
COUntries−number of stations and duration of re−
COrds，（e）Nationalhydrologicaldata banks−StatuS Of collec−
tion，PrOCeSSLng and archiving of data．

The rNFOHYDRO Manualcontains allhydroIogicaI
information available at presentinlNFOHYDRO．Thus，
theManualcompnsesinaslnglevolumecomprehensive
information on the Hydro10glCalSen／ices of the coun−tries of the world and their data col［ection activities．
PreparationsareunderwayforissulngareVisedversion
OftheINFOHYDROManuaIwhichwaspublishedin1987
asWMO OperationalHydro10gy Report No．28（WMO，No．683）．Thenewver＄ion，Plannedtobeissuedin1990
is expected to include updating of the existing data
based on information supplied by Members and to
1NFOHYDROdoesnotcontainorhandIeactualhydro−
incorporate newinfomlation on availability of hydro10−
glCaldata＄etSininternationaIand nationaldata banks
10glCaldata．nor doesit dupIICate nationalreferral
and the asse＄Sment Ofthe basic hydro10gicalnetwork
SyStemS．1tisdesignedtofaciJitatepromptdissemination
using information being provided by Members for the
OfcontinuaIlyupdatedhydro10glCalinformationtoMem−
bercountries，Particularlyforthebenefitoftheirexperts， Basic Hydrological Network Assessment Project
agencies and enterpn＄eS engagedin activities or pro−
（BNAP）・lt js hoped that Members，internationa10rga−
nizations and othersinvoIvedin hydro10gy and water】eCtS related to water−reSOurCe aSSeSSment，deve10P−
mentand management requirlng SUPPOrEfrom national，
resources will fully utilize the facilities provided bylNFOHYDRO．
reg10na10rinternationalagencies deaIlng With oper−
atiorLalhydro10gy．Theinformation availableinlNT
John C．Rodda
FOHYDRO provides a goodindication of water−
Director．Hydro10gy and Water Resources DeparLment

BOOK REVIEW〝coNSERVAT10N AND MANAGEMENT OF LAKES
ed手ted byProf．J，SALANKl＆ Dr．S．HERODEKAKADEMIAIKIADO BUDAPEST
38Symposia BioIogica Hungarica，645page（1989）
This hard−COVered book containsfiftyacademiccon−
dealoffreshandusefulinformation，thequalityofwhichiscertainlydifferentfromthosegiven atOtsu（First）andtributions which were presented ora y at the Third
lnternationaIConference on the Conservation and Man−
Michigan（Second）．
AtIast，reViewerw‖citea partofeditor sstatement：
agement of Lakes held at Keszthety．on the shore of
NLimnoIogistandotherecoIogists，SPeCiaFistsanddeci−
Lake Balaton，Hungary．These papersare dividedinto
Sion−makersin environmentalprotection and water
Sixchapters：EutrophicationanditsControl；Ac亭dification
and Toxic Po‖utants；Lake Protection over the World
resourcesmanagementaswe asstudentswilIfindthisb00k most u＄合一山．〝（Africa，Asia，Amer事CaS and Europe）；Management ofTakeshiGoda
Sha ow Waters；Lake Management as an Eco10glCal，
Faculty of Engineering．Setsunan University
EconomicandJurisdictionalComplex；and Mode ingin
Lake Managehlent．Editors preface and Dr．Golubev s
Key−nOte Speech are notable as welt・Oneofthe distinguishingcharacteristicisthenumber
Of East European contributions，Which reaches nolessthan haIf of the total．The conspICuOuS COuntTies are
Hungary，Soviet Union and Poland．Among these East
European paperswe canfind severa10utStanding con−tents，e，g．PaPerbyN色methetaI．andpaperbyGitelsone†a／．

It was regrefful this book could not record eachinteresting discussion，Ontheotherside，mOStOfthoseCOntentS have stated preciou＄information which were
not presented at the congress．Additionalty，after621
PageS Of main content，list of whole participants was
attached with courteous subjectindex．
0nthewhoIe，this bookwi undoubtedIyofferagood

Lake Balaton

LAKES OF THE WORLDTHE LADOGA LAKE

The Ladoga Lakeis one ofthelargestlakesin the
Northofthe Earth．1tissituatedinthenorth−eaStern Partof Europe in the USSR on the territory of Leningrad
Region and KareLian autonomous republic，Thelake
suriace occupFeS18135km2and watervolumeis908
kmヨ．TheLadogawaterlevelexceedstheleve［ofBaltic
Seaon4．8m．AveragedepthoftheLadogaLakeis51m，maximumdepthisabout230m，AverageannualampIL−
tude of waterlevelfluctuationis 69 cm，

The Ladoga Lakeissituated atthejunction of BaItic
CrySta＝ne shield and Russian platform．The Ladoga
Lake drainage basinis enormous，（250，600km2）．The
basinhasan弓ntricategeologlCalhistory，Thedifferencesin geo10glCalstructure of the basin are reflectedin
StruCtureOfitsdepressionanditsshores．The northernand north−WeStern Shores are buiItbycrysta ine rocks．
They are high and much dissectedL Other shores are
Iow−Iylng，CUtWeakly，SetOff by stone placers orsand
beaches．

ApeculiarityofthermicreglmeOfLadogaLakeisthe
existence of a thermalbar（during spring and autumn
Periods），Whichd弓VidestheIakeintothermoactiveand
thermoinert reglOnS．This phenomenon affects hyd−rochemicalreglme and bio10glCalprocesses・
Ladogawaterispoorly mineralized．with an average
VaIue of mineralization of 62 mg／l．Average annuaI
COnCentration of biogenic eEementsis as fo110WS：

6

PtcL−24mg／I，Ntot−OL6mg／l，Si−OL2〜0・5mg／L・DissoIved
oxygen concentration in the open part of the lake
fluctuatesfrom9to15mg／Iandaverages80〜120％of
Water OXygen Saturation．
Bothf10raandfaunaofthe Ladoga Lakearerichwith
SPeCies，At present about600species of plants andmorethen800speciesofanimaIshavebeenfound・This
fact reflects considerable diversity of biotopes in the
IakeandindicatesgoodexpLorationofitsvegetationand
animalworld，Thereare400species，Varietiesandformsofalgaein
the phytopIankton・Among them Bacillariophyta，CyanophytaandCMorophytaprevail．ThemaximaEnum−ber of22species of aEgae exceedslmillion cells／l・
Production of the phytopEankton during vegetation
periodin1976−1988was44．9−54．5gC／m？．totalannual
PrOduction reached8OO−970thousand tons C，The phytoperiphyton presents344species．among
them Baci ariophytarepresents47％，CMorophyta−37％，
Biomass and production of periphytonin variouslake
reg10nSdiffergreatlyfromonetoanotherdependingon
character of substratum．ln the whole the role ofPeriphytoninformationoforganicmatterintheLadoga
Lakeisinslgnificant・Upto the present，35species ofaquaticfungihave
been foundin the Ladoga．overwhelming majority
among them are saprophytes，

FloraofhigherwaterpfantsincIudes62species，theirassociations occupying an area oflO5 km2．phyto−
COenOSeSOfPhragmitesaustral弓S，Scirpuslacustrisand
Potamogeton perfoliatus predominate．Netannualpro−
duction amounts to 24．2thousands tons C．

Fishery catches duringlast15years were high andaverage5800tons．
TheLadogaLakeisthewaterbodyofactiveamateur
fishery．Annualcatch of amateurfishmenis accounted
for2，000tons．Fish production．calculated byvalue of
totalfishery catches makes9kg／ha．
Re‖ct sealis foundin thelake，and musk−ratis met

There areIacustrine zooplankton species（378spe−
Ciesandsubspecies），Widelydistributedinwaterbodies
near the shores．
Oftemperatezone ofNo「thern hemlSPereOfthe Earth，Great attention is paid to the Ladoga Lake water
WhichareincompositionoftheLadogaLakezooplank−
quality．The5milrion peopIeofLeningradare provided
ton．The greatdiversityof Rotatoriaisfound，andtheir
With Ladogawater．ln1984theResolutionofCounci10f
numberis also high．Average zoopIankton biomassin
August1983fluctuatedfrom6．1to19．4g／m2dependingMinisters of the USSR on additionaF measures of the
Ladoga Lake and thelakes ofits basin protection had
OnIake regIOn．
been passed．State program Ladoga ，in which about
408 species and forms of macrozoobenthos are
70institutestakepart，hasbeenelaborated．ThelnstitutereveaLedinthe LadogaLake．The maJOrityinhabitedat
Of LimnoIogy of the Ac．Sci．of the USSR situatedin
littoralb弓OtOPS．Faunaindeep−WaterPartOfthelakeis
Leningradwasfixed ascoordinatorofaccomplishment
POOr．AmongzoobenthostheslgnificantroIesareprayedOf
this program which connect with preservation andby reE弓Ct Crustaceae，eSPeCia y Pontoporeia affinis，
improvement of water quality of rake ecosystems．
Whichis theimpo「tantfood source forfishes・Benthos
biomassrangesfromO，lg／m2inthedeepwaterpartsto A series of science books and many science and6．O g／m2in silted sublittorat sand．

POPuFarpubIications are devoted to the Ladoga Lake．

The Ladogameiobenthos has greatimportance，its
ThelatestmonographesareNAnthropogeniceutrophica−tionoftheLadogaLake （1982）， Natureresourcesofthe
associations are numerous at a depths，Meiobenthos
Participationintotalzoobenthosbiomassrangesfrom2
farge takes ofthe USSR and their probable changes（1984）and present state of the Ladoga Lake
to 70％．The greatest biomass‡s observedin the
SOuthernsha owpartoflakewhereitexceedsl．2g／m2．
ecosystemN（1987）．
46fishspec〒esinhabitinthe LadogaLake．Thernost
numerous speciesimpo「tant for fishery are Osmerus
l．M．Raspopov
lnstitute of LlmnO10gy，Leningrad．USSR
eperlanus．Coregonusalbula，C，Favaretus，Stizostedium
fucFPerCa，Perca fluviati［is．

Of Lake Biwa ．Galazy and others then reported on
PreViouslylittle−known environmentalde＄truCtion ofSovietlakes．ln these reports‖：WaS reVealed thatthe
NLakeBiwaForum ，SPOnSOredby Japan−Asia−Africa
advanceofenvironmentaIdamageleadingtotheserious
Writers Committee was held at Otsu from Octobernature of present conditionsin the AralSea，and the
13−18，1989．
damagetoSiberianforests，althoughdeniedbySocialist
Thisforumwasbornoutofthe Lake Baykalenviron−governments untilrecently，lS aCtua yfar more seriou＄
mentalprotection movementled by advocateTauthor
than previousIylmagined．
F7asputin；andwa＄PreCeded bysimilarforumsatLake
Session2：NLiterature and EnvironmentaIProblems＊．
Baykaland Lake Sevan．
includedalivelydiscussion ofwhatauthorsand scienT
Soviet authors，incIuding F7asputin，Balayan，Be10y， tists，aSCOnCernedhumans，CandoaboutenvironmentaI
A8fa〝eた ZfedoJl毎，A〃m斥JTOV，K√叫）」れ KafpbergeJ】OV
destructibn，GIobalperspective was evidentin manyand LakeBaykalLimnoIoglCalInstituteformerPre＄ident
OPInions．such as the viewpoint thatthe protection of
G．1，Galazyandothersparticipated，Withtheparticipa−
Japan s environment might actualIylead toincreaslng
tionofT．BaldorjfromMongoliaandKarenCorriganfrom
destruction of the Third World naturalenvironment．
USAitwastrulyaninternationalforum．Theforumwas
1ntheend，aIthoughacorT］mUnlqUeWaSnOtissued，all
runprlmarilybyliteraryfigures，ledbyHiro＄hiNomaand
agreed that simiEar forums should be held at various
10Cations and discussion should press further．
WaheiTatematsu fromJapan．
The next such forumis scheduled to take place at
Thethemeofthisforumwas whatshouldhuman‡tydo
about the destruction of the naturaIenvironment，and
Lake HovsgoFin Mongoliain August1990．
What should riterature suggest be done ．
H行oto Maeda
1nSessionl： scientistsandthePopularMovement ，Lake Biwa Researchlnstitute PresidentTatsuo KTraled
Lake Biwa ResearchlnstituteOffwithaspeciaIIectureentitled ThePresentCondition
LAKE BIVVA FORUMFORTHCOMING MEETINGS
l．1LECINTERNAT10NAL FORUMIN OSAKA：
THE WATER WE SHARE
Date：February20th，1990fromlO：30to16：30
Venue：Mido Kaikan（Osaka．Japan）
Sponsorship：lLECCo−SPOnSOrS：UnitedNationsCentre
forHumanSettlement（HABITAT）／UNEP／UNCRD／
Environment Agency，Japan／MinistTγOf Forelgn
affairs，Japan／Shiga Prefecture etc．
Programme：（1）Keynote Addresses
S．Evteev（Assistant Executive Direc−
tor，UNEP
HABITAT representative（2）pANELDISCUSS10N Forbetterrela−tionshipbetweendeve10Plng anddeT
Veloped countries（Coordinator）：
Ha＄himoto，M．（ViceDirector−GeneraI，

2．FORUM ON LAKE ENVIRONMENT（1）February19−20，1990（Tsutiura．Japan）
Sponsorship：lbarakiPref．
Programme：① Lecture
G．N．GoIubev（Professor，MoscowState Uni−
VerSity）
J．G．Tundisi（Professor，SaoPauloUniversity）（彰 Free Djscussion（2）February19−20，1990（Nagano，Japan）
Sponsorship：Nagano Pref．
Programme：（む Lecture

HeinzL8ffIer（ProfessoT，UniversityofVienna）
Robert G．Wetzel（Professor，A］abama Unj−
VerS吋）（診 Free Discussion

lLEC．Japan）
3．THIRD EXPERT GROUP WORKSHOP ON RIVER／（Panelists）：T．Goda，（Vice Director−
LAKE BASIN APPROACHES TO ENVIRONMENTAL−
Generar，lLEC，Japan），C．E．Bauer， LY SOUND OF WATER RESOURCES（Honorary President Engineering and
Venue：February12−17，1990（Lake Biwa Research
Environment Committee／WFEO，lnstitute，Otsu，Japan）
February19−22，1990（OkazakiNew Grand
Argentina），S．）馴−genSen，（Professor．
RoyalDanish Schoo10f Pharmacy，
Hot帆Okazaki．Japan）
Denmark），N，B．Aiybotele，（Director，Sponsorship：lLEC／UNCRD／UNEP
Water Resources Researchlnstitute，Ghana），C．H．D．Magadza，（Director，Lake Kal iba Re＄earChlnstitute，Zim−
bab心e），Liu，H．（President，Chinese
Research Academy of Environmental
CALL FOR ARTICLES
Science＄，Chi11a），Sa（anki，J．（Director， ThoSe who wish to contribute to lLEC Newsletter are
Balaton Limno10glCalRe＄8ar（；h tnsti−
invited to send manuscripts to the secretariat．
tute，Hungary）．

上ⅣTE月〃ATJO〃Aエ⊥A片E E〃Ⅴ用0〃〟E〃T CO〟〟JTTEE FO【Wヱ）ATJO〃
3−4−22Ⅹyomaebi，Otsu，Shiga520．Japam？）Tel：775−25−1076TIx：5464850ILECJFax：775−23L1581＜ cab】e：lLEC OTSU

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