外

（令和

）年度

月

日［

分］◎

国

語

（英

注

語）

意

．監督者の指示があるまで問題を見ないこと。
．声を出して問題を読まないこと。
．問題は

ページ、

から

まである。

．問題や解答用紙に落丁、乱丁、汚損あるいは印刷不鮮明の箇所があれば、手をあげて監督者に申し出ること。
．解答は必ず黒色鉛筆を使用し、解答用紙に記入すること。
．解答は解答用紙の解答欄の記号にマークすること。
．訂正箇所は、消しゴムできれいに消すこと。
．解答欄には、関係のない符号や文字あるいはメモなどを記入しないこと。
．解答用紙を折ったり汚したりしないこと。
．問題用紙は持ち帰ること。

意味の通る文法的に正しい文を完成させるのにもっとも適切なものを選びなさ
い。［各

点］

．I was going to（）this week off for personal reasons, but I

actually have too much to do.
Ａ．omitＢ．rest．By and（Ｃ．takeＤ．put）, the workers are satisfied with the new factory

manager.
Ａ．largeＢ．hugeＣ．major．It was impossible that Cindy（）a sample from the laboratory.

Ａ．having stolen

Ｂ．had stolen

Ｃ．has been stolen

Ｄ．has stolen

．I（

）how

companies

Ｄ．greatcanmanagetheiremployeesmoreeffectively.
Ａ．decline

Ｂ．contain．The study will assist in（Ｃ．analyze

Ｄ．empathize）the impact of environmental waste.

Ａ．encouraging

Ｂ．evaluating

Ｃ．evaporating

Ｄ．entering．These are very tight jeans, but I’m sure you’ll get used to（them.
Ａ．wearＢ．be worn

Ｃ．wearingＤ．have worn◎）

．It is well known that bears can smell the faintest odor from a great（）.
Ａ．spaceＢ．length

Ｃ．distance．Gina said hello to me, leaning（
Ａ．against

Ｂ．up．As you have reached（）the locker next to mine.
Ｃ．front

Ｄ．for）, it’s never too early to start saving.

Ａ．falsehood

Ｂ．neighborhood

Ｃ．likelihood

Ｄ．adulthood．Any person who（

Ｄ．range）to order the transcript of a hearing mustcomplete this form.
Ａ．wishes

Ｂ．is wishedＣ．can wish

Ｄ．could wish

．We（）you special privileges when you make a reservation

with us before July 31.
Ａ．grant

Ｂ．granted

Ｃ．have granted

Ｄ．are granted．Almost a week has passed since voting day, but the victory has not
been（

）yet.

Ａ．closed

Ｂ．foreseen

Ｃ．affirmed

Ｄ．inspired．Two wildfires were still active on Wednesday, but some residents
were（）to go home.

Ａ．permitted

Ｂ．ceased

Ｃ．failed◎

Ｄ．refused

．These activities might（）excitement and interest for children,

but they rarely lead to deeper thinking.
Ａ．defend

Ｂ．request

Ｃ．generate．I have no knowledge of what（

Ｄ．abolish）.

Ａ．I am expected

Ｂ．I am to be expected

Ｃ．to expect of me

Ｄ．is expected of me．There is not（Ａ．many）good news for the economy this year.
Ｂ．muchＣ．a few

Ｄ．lot of．Since my childhood, my mother has told me not to be selfish and）.

not to（Ａ．take down

．Besidesbeing

Ｂ．set downan（）musicＣ．show off

Ｄ．set offteacher,

is

Lydia

talentedplaying many instruments.
Ａ．unskilled

Ｂ．insignificant

Ｃ．average

Ｄ．outstanding．The（）system plays a vital role in keeping humans healthy.

Ａ．identity．There（Ｂ．illness

Ｃ．immune）be a large car park on this site.

Ａ．was used toＢ．used toＣ．usedＤ．have used◎

Ｄ．infectionat次のページに進みなさい◎語句を並べ替えてもっとも自然な英文を完成させ、番目と番目に入れるものの記号を書きなさい。ただし、文頭に来る語も小文字にしてある。［各．My grandmother（
（

（
）

I（

Ｂ．seems

Ｃ．remembered

Ｄ．to

Ｅ．should

Ｆ．be

（

（
）

store

（
）

is

looking（

）
（

）who（

）

Ｂ．someone

Ｃ．willing

Ｄ．work

Ｅ．is

Ｆ．for

was

concern））from early morning.

Ａ．to．There

）
（

that（

）
（

）
（

）
（

）

）within a few days.
Ａ．powerful

Ｂ．the

Ｃ．hit

Ｄ．would

Ｅ．typhoon

Ｆ．the region．Our software（
（
）

（
）

）work efficiency（

Ａ．and

Ｂ．savesＣ．plenty

Ｄ．increases

Ｅ．of

Ｆ．your

（
）

（
）

）you

）time.

．Pizza is an Italian（（）a bit upset.

Ａ．haveconvenience（（））her birthday.

．The

（

（
）

点］

（
）

（
）

（
）

）a round bread-like base）.

Ａ．toppings

Ｂ．of

Ｃ．various

Ｄ．dishＥ．withＦ．consisting◎．Jody（

（
）

（
）

（
）

（
）

（
）

）the right thing

to do.
Ａ．thatＢ．herself

Ｃ．was

Ｄ．couldn’t

Ｅ．convince

Ｆ．this．I’ve just watched the first（
（

（
）

（
）

（
）

Ａ．finding

Ｂ．disappointing

Ｃ．few

Ｄ．the drama

Ｅ．episodes

Ｆ．very

（
）

（
）

）

）
.

．The teacher’s explanation was（（）, but I’m already（（））for many（））works.

Ａ．to

Ｂ．how

Ｃ．too

Ｄ．understandＥ．abstract

Ｆ．it．The flood damage（

（
）

（
）

（
）

（
）

（
）

）

been alerted earlier.
Ａ．prevented

Ｂ．beenＣ．the engineers

Ｄ．haveＥ．could

Ｆ．had．Why don’t we（
（

（
）

（
）

）the shopping mall（

）
?

Ａ．way

Ｂ．on

Ｃ．by

Ｄ．our

Ｅ．homeＦ．stop◎（））

次の文章を筋の通ったものにするために、枠内にあるＡ〜Ｄからもっとも適切なものを選び（）の中に入れなさい。［各点］（Ａ）
Ａ．Diet and exercise can certainly affect appearance, but the bodyisbasicallyagenetic

inheritancefromparents

andpastgenerations.
Ｂ．Twin studies also look at genetics and the environment as
separate influences in the development of a child.
Ｃ．For most psychologists, however, such complications make thestudy of twins even more fascinating and challenging.
Ｄ．Such experiences are also easier to point out with twins, as they
are typically raised in the same environment.

Every person’s physical features are wired into their DNA.（ ⑴ ）How about personality? Whether personality is primarily tied to genetics
or rather more strongly influenced by environment and experience is aquestion that has long fascinated developmental psychologists. One of themore interesting approaches psychologists have taken in trying todetermine the balance between nature and nurture has involved thestudy of twins.
Twins

would

seem

perfectfornature-versus-nurture

research.

Identical twins share the same DNA, and thus any differences between
them might readily be attributed to separate experiences.（ ⑵ ）Unusual cases of identical twins separated at birth provide even more
research possibilities, as in this case their environments are very
different. Even fraternal twins（non-identical twins）are useful in suchstudies, as comparisons between identical and fraternal twins might cast◎even more light on genetic versus environmental factors.
On the other hand, some psychologists also question the value oftwin studies, citing that they may be based on mistaken assumptions.
One such assumption is that people treat twins the same as otherchildren. Yet, studies show that identical twins are received somewhat
differently than fraternal twins. This difference suggests that twins
should not be used as models for study.（ ⑶ ）However, recent
studies seem to suggest that nature and nurture interact with eachother, meaning some genetic qualities may be invisible in one setting,butreadily

apparentin

another.

This

will

surelymakes

everything

morecomplicated.
（

⑷

）Twin

studiesthus

attention of researchers in the future as well.

◎continue

to

draw

the

（Ｂ）

Ａ．Even experts disagree about how much a person should pay foran old piece of furniture or other antique.
Ｂ．This is important because even though an object may appear tobe old, it may have been produced relatively recently.
Ｃ．Since trends and fashions change, a type of antique that is
popular at one time may become unpopular later.
Ｄ．This means that the object has not been damaged or changed inany way over the years.

It can be difficult to know how valuable an antique object is.
（⑸）But there are important criteria for determining if an old

object in your home might be valuable.
The first question to ask yourself when examining an antique is:
How rare is it? Needless to say, the fewer the number of a particular
object, the higher the possibility that it is valuable. In fact, anything
about the object that is unusual can increase its price. If only a small
number of the object was originally produced, or if it has a rare shapeor color, then it could be valuable.
Another factor to keep in mind is whether an object is authentic ornot. This criterion concerns whether the object is actually an antique.
（⑹）In some cases, determining the age of an object requires

historical research.
Even if an antique is genuine, the price may depend on the demandfor it at the time it is sold.（⑺）A seller of antiques must be awareof the current market demand.
A final factor that is extremely important is whether the antique is◎in good condition or not. Not surprisingly, the better the condition of theantique, the more likely that it can be sold at a relatively high price.
The best condition possible is described as “mint condition.”（ ⑻ ）Based on these factors, an authentic antique that is rare, in fashionand in good condition may be valuable on the market. Be careful not tothrow such objects away!

◎

次の英文を読んで、質問に答えなさい。（＊印の語（句）は注を参考にするこ
と）
［各

点］

（Ａ）Online video is possibly the most popular form of digital content
today. There is a wide variety of video content on the internet, and one
type that seems to be gaining popularity very fast is live broadcasting ofeating. Especially popular in Asia, it is called “mukbang.” Mukbang is a
made-upword,

consisting

of

the

Koreanwords

for“eating”

and“broadcast.” As the origin of the name suggests, this trend began inSouth Korea, and quickly became popularso popular in fact, thatsome people can actually make a profit from streaming their meal. The
mukbang trend was able to reach America, and is now practiced mainly
through pre-recorded videos on YouTube. A mukbang video satisfies its
viewers by showcasing food, but mostly by allowing viewers to watch
large amounts of it being consumed and to see how it is eaten.
Mukbang is not only an “eating show,” but also a way to please
the audience in the digital marketplace. Traditionally, eating has been asocial activity, involving communication among friends or family. In
recent years, however, eating alone has become common due to theincreasing number of single-person households. Thus, mukbang videos
provide a way for the audience to virtually share their meal. They bring
the warmth of a meal shared with friends or family by showing how
someone else prepares a meal and eats it. Reportedly, this is especially
popular among people who have lived by themselves for a long period oftime.
Viewers watch them for various reasons. Some are looking for a
way to boost their appetite; others for a way to reduce it and stop
binge-eating*. In this way, some say, mukbang videos can potentially be
used to fight eating disorders. For example, many people watching suchcontent may feel more comfortable discussing their eating issues with◎other viewers.
Some

doctors

anddieticians*,

however,areskepticalofthesupposed benefits of mukbang. They warn that such content may
increase cravings* for food rather than decrease them. Thus, the videos
may be harmful for both the creators, who end up eating too muchwhile making the videos, and for the viewers, whose psychology may beaffected negatively by watching a lot of binge-eating. Therefore, it is noteasy to say if mukbang videos are good or bad, but as with any online
content, they should be consumed in moderation.

［注］binge-eating: 暴飲暴食、過食

dietician: 栄養士

craving: 切望．この英文の主題は次のどれか。
Ａ．モクバン動画の編集で使われている最新技術
Ｂ．モクバン動画の概要とその功罪の考察
Ｃ．モクバン動画に合うメニューや食べ方
Ｄ．モクバン動画を視聴する韓国若年層の社会性．一人暮らしのモクバン動画の視聴者について述べられているものは次のどれか。
Ａ．一人暮らしに慣れているので、一人で食べる動画をより好む傾向がある。
Ｂ．動画を見て、家族や友人と食事を楽しむ気分を味わえる。
Ｃ．動画を見ながら一緒に食べることにより、摂食障害が緩和されている。
Ｄ．他の視聴者と動画の作り方について話し合い、交流を深めている。

．本文の内容と一致するものは次のどれか。
Ａ．モクバン動画は作成者にも視聴者にも健康リスクの可能性がある。
Ｂ．モクバン動画は体重を落としたい視聴者にはとても有益である。
Ｃ．モクバン動画に専門家は病気治療の一助として注目している。
Ｄ．モクバン動画の発祥は韓国だが、流行しているのはアメリカである。

◎

（Ｂ）I’ve traveled the world a bit and have experienced a great numberof wonderful places. Yet, if you asked me what one place was mostbeautiful, I would not hesitate for a second in giving my answer. The
most beautiful place I have ever seen is Ha Long Bay in Vietnam.
Ha Long Bay is located in a corner of the Gulf of Tonkin in
Vietnam’s north. The bay is home to thousands of islands. I’ve heard
people say there may be as many as 3,000! Not only are these islands
small, most are steep triangles of worn-down rock. They rise high out of
the water like tall, twisted arrows. They are too steep for habitation, so
the entire bay is pure and clean with almost no human presence, which
results in refreshing silence. Whatʼs best might be the water itself. Here,the sea is the color of emeralds, and perhaps due to so many closeisland pillars, the water is remarkably calm. It reflects like a crystalclear emerald mirror. I’ve never seen anything like it.
To get to Ha Long Bay, I took a tour out of Hanoi. First, a shuttle
bus drove me to a dock for cruise ships, located by the bay. The drive
took around three hours, I think. The cruise ship itself was a wonder. I
received a private suite with a wide bed and windows that opened overthe sea. Meals were cooked onboard and the dining was superb. The
ship departed for the bay, where we spent two days and nights. During
the day, we visited some of the larger islands, explored caves, swam in
the sea and kayaked about in the gentle water. At night, I sipped
drinks with other travelers. The view from the upper deck of thousandsof stars reflecting in the night water is something I will never forget.
One of the guides told me that Ha Long Bay also has tremendous
biodiversity. He said that, besides all kinds of flowers, there are several
plant species endemic to Ha Long Bay. That means that they can befound nowhere else in the world. The bay is also full of sea animals and◎the largest human presence here is that of fishermen. Many live on
their boats or have created floating villages where dozens of families
work together to raise and sell fish. We visited one and I was impressedwith the ingenuity of the fishermen. The guide also told me that somepeople worry that an increased tourist presence might disrupt Ha Long
Bay’s natural beauty. But he feels the government and tourist agencies
will take care to see that doesn’t happen.
I almost forgot the most important thing. Ha Long Bay is a
UNESCO World Heritage site. The name also means “Descending
Dragon” when translated to English. Everything about Ha Long Bay iscool. To me, it is the most beautiful place in the entire world!

．この英文の主旨は次のどれか。
Ａ．ハロン湾はベトナムが誇るユネスコの世界遺産である。
Ｂ．ハロン湾は世界で最も美しい場所の一つである。
Ｃ．ハロン湾には何千もの興味深い形の島々がある。
Ｄ．ハロン湾の自然景観は保全されるべきである。

．本文の内容と一致するものは次のどれか。
Ａ．筆者は訪ねた村で水上生活をしている漁師とお酒を飲んだ。
Ｂ．筆者はエメラルド色に輝く穏やかな海に感銘を受けた。
Ｃ．ガイドは筆者をクルーズ船のスイートルームに招待した。
Ｄ．ガイドは観光客の増加により水上生活が脅かされることを懸念した。

．本文の内容と一致するものは次のどれか。
Ａ．ハロン湾の生物多様性は漁師によって守られている。
Ｂ．ハロン湾では観光業と漁業を両立させることが難しい。
Ｃ．ハロン湾の島々の切り立った岸壁には漁師が住んでいる。
Ｄ．ハロン湾に行く途中にも様々な楽しみがある。

◎

次の英文を読んで、質問に答えなさい。（＊印の語（句）は注を参考にするこ
と）
［各

点］

（Ａ）The 1800s saw the rise of industries all over the world, and withthis came an immense expansion of railroads and canals to makepossible the faster and better transport of goods and people. But who
actually built these things? “Navvy,” short for “navigator,” was anickname given to the laborers of Great Britain and North America whoworked on large-scale projects like the building of these railroads andcanals, starting in the 1830s. At a certain point, approximately 250,000
men were working in Britain to build the rail system, laying down
tracks, digging trenches, and tunneling through hills and mountains. The
number of people employed by the rail system reached 620,000 by thestart of the 1900s, almost five percent of the entire British population at
the time.
Consisting mainly of English and Irish workers, navvies werestrong, muscular men. It wasn’t until World War I that female workers
were hired by the railways because many men were sent overseas tofight. Navvy workers were trained in using hand tools because this wasconsidered cheaper and more efficient than using large mechanicaldiggers.（In the United States, however, using machines was the cheaper
option because there were fewer laborers.）Through the years, they laid
over 3,000 miles of railway across Great Britain, literally creating thepath for further industrialization and modernization that would carry thecountry into the 20th century.
As such, navvy workers eventually formed their own culture,including their own unique language. Most navvy workers moved intraveling groups as they laid down railroad tracks, forming small,
temporary communities consisting of huts. Before long, they developed areputation for heavy drinking and partying at night, as they used their
daily wages for beer and spirits. Because of this reputation, navvy
workers were considered uneducated and disorderly, and many people◎insisted that navvy housing be kept separate from the main parts of thetowns they were moving through. Because these temporary homes did
not have proper plumbing and other basic needs, they were quite
unhealthy, and diseases were common. Add this to the high rates of
injury and death due to the difficult and often dangerous nature of thejob, the navvy lifestyle was certainly not for the weak.

．What is the main topic of this passage?
Ａ．How navvy workers laid over 3,000 miles of railroad
Ｂ．Why navvy workers formed their own language and culture
Ｃ．The history of navvy workers in Great Britain
Ｄ．The lifestyle and living conditions of navvy workers．Which of the following is the best description of a typical navvy
worker?
Ａ．Muscular and powerful
Ｂ．Disorganized and unhealthy
Ｃ．Dangerous and inefficient
Ｄ．Cultured and well-traveled．Which of the following can be inferred based on the information in
the article?
Ａ．Navvy workers were more often than not welcomed by the local
population.
Ｂ．Navvy workers had a higher than average life expectancy, incomparison with other social groups.
Ｃ．The development of the rail system in the 19th century was vitalto Britain’s modernization.
Ｄ．Railway networks were developed with greater efficiency in Britain
than in the United States.

◎

（Ｂ）The Muslim world has historically produced some of humankind’s
greatest

thinkers.

At

the

heart

of

Islamic

educationis

Al-Azhar

University located in Cairo, Egypt. While it was not formally categorizedasauniversity

until

the

1960s,

Al-Azharwasestablishedinapproximately 920 A.D. and is therefore one of the world’s oldest
institutes of learning, right alongside the University of Oxford in
England or the University of Bologna in Italy.
Al-Azhar is one of the world’s most prestigious universities forlearning about Islamic history and Arabic literature. Thousands ofinstitutions in Egypt alone are affiliated with this university, and overtwo million students learn from Al-Azhar through its global network ofschools. For centuries, students at Al-Azhar focused on in-depth studiesof the Qur’an* and the religious laws that came from it, but in addition,
they studied astronomy, philosophy, medicine, and writing. For a long
time,

the

averageapproximately

six

lengthof

study

years.

Someof

beforeearningadegreetheArabworld’swasgreatest

mathematicians, astronomers, and physicists were schooled there, andtheir contributions to science have been long-lasting.
Generally speaking, the Muslim faith consists of two branches:
Shia* and Sunni*. As the population of Egypt is mostly Sunni, most of
Al-Azhar’s teachings are based on Sunni worldviews. But that is not to
say this has resulted in a curriculum that is closed to the non-Islamic
world. Al-Azhar has a history of encouraging its students to explore“outside” ideas. For example, in the early centuries, philosophy students
learned about the teachings of Greek thinkers. As time has gone on, theuniversity has incorporated more and more topics, ranging from businessto engineering. This expansion of subjects was key to Al-Azhar receiving
formal university status in 1961, approximately the same time Al-Azhar
started allowing women to teach. The university is currently engaged ina massive project to preserve and convert countless items in theirlibraryrare documents and ancient manuscripts

into a digital format,

so that they can be accessed online by learners all over the globe.

◎

［注］Qur’an: コーラン

Shia: シーア派

Sunni: スンニ派

．What is the main idea of this passage?
Ａ．Al-Azhar University has Greek philosophy at the heart of its
education.
Ｂ．Al - Azhar

University

has

a

lot

of

great

mathematicians,

astronomers and physicists.
Ｃ．Al-Azhar University has pioneered technology for digitizing ancientmanuscripts.
Ｄ．Al-Azhar University is a historic and prestigious university ofIslamic education.

．Historically, what has been the central area of study at Al-Azhar
University?
Ａ．Islamic religion
Ｂ．Arabic literature
Ｃ．Medicine
Ｄ．Astronomy．What can be inferred about Al-Azhar University from the passage?
Ａ．It has a history of nearly two thousand years.
Ｂ．It achieved university status after modernizing its areas of study.
Ｃ．It puts equal emphasis on both Shia and Sunni teachings.
Ｄ．It is acquiring outside digital materials to replace its librarycollection.

◎外国語（英語）解答用紙

1

1

A

B C D

1

A

B C D

2

A

B C D

1

A

B C D E

（ 2 ）
F

A

B C D E

F

2

A

B C D

3

A

B C D

2

A

B C D EFA

B C D E

F

3

A

B C D

4

A

B C D

3

A

B C D EFA

B C D E

F

4

A

B C D

5

A

B C D

4

A

B C D EFA

B C D E

F

5

A

B C D

6

A

B C D

5

A

B C D EFA

B C D E

F

6

A

B C D

7

A

B C D

6

A

B C D EFA

B C D E

F

7

A

B C D

8

A

B C D

7

A

B C D EFA

B C D E

F

8

A

B C D

9

A

B C D

8

A

B C D EFA

B C D E

F

10

A

B C D

9

A

B C D EFA

B C D E

F

11

A

B C D

10

A

B C D EFA

B C D E

F

12

A

B C D

13

A

B C D

14

A

B C D

15

A

B C D

16

A

B C D

17

A

B C D

18

A

B C D

19

A

B C D

20

A

B C D

2

1

A

B C D

1

A

B C D

2

A

B C D

2

A

B C D

3

A

B C D

3

A

B C D

4

A

B C D

4

A

B C D

5

A

B C D

5

A

B C D

6

A

B C D

6

A

B C D

18点

（ 5 ）

20点

20点

4

3月3日

5

18点

3

24点