Sustainable & Resilient
Digital Ecosystems
Henning Kagermann
acatech: Chair of the Board of Trustees
Plattform Industrie 4.0: Global Representative & Advisor

RRI | 12th October 2022

Shaping Digital Ecosystems Globally
The 2030 Vision for Industrie 4.0: Still Valid with Adapted Priorities
Sustainability• Circular Economy• New Ways of Hybrid Working

Interoperability• Open Ecosystems• Adaptable in ‘Realtime’1 | Sustainable & Resilient Digital Ecosystems
Source: Plattform Industrie 4.0

Sovereignty• Resilient Supply Chains• Diversity and Self-Determination

EU Initiative: Circular Economy
Implemented Nationally a.o. by Industrial Associations
Germany

20192021
03/
2020

Circular Economy Action Plan(CEAP) adopted

03/
2022

Sustainable Product Initiative(SPC) proposed

04/
2021-

→ Circular Economy Integral for Green New Deal in European Union and Germany

2 | Sustainable & Resilient Digital Ecosystems

The Circular Economy Initiative Germany 2019-2021
Decouple Economic Growth from Resource Consumption
Collaboration
along thevalue chain

Major Publication
Politics
3 ministries
24 companies

24 institutions

Focus Areas
1.

2.
3.

Circular Business
ModelsPackaging
Traction Batteries

3 | Sustainable & Resilient Digital Ecosystems

BusinessScience
CivilSociety

LinkKey observation
Considerable Structural Waste in Current Value Chains

Circular Business Models

Only 5%of raw material
restored after first use

Holistic Lifecycle
Approach12Traction Batteries

Only 2%of plastic packaging waste
recycled into quality materials

25%
Of battery costs attributed
to metallic materials~ 95% of value

Follow-Up InitiativePlastics & Packaging(€ 70-105 billions) are lost
every year

Battery Passport

4 | Sustainable & Resilient Digital Ecosystems
Source: SYSTEMIQ, McKinsey Center for Business and Environment, Ellen MacArthur Foundation & SUN (2018), McKinsey Basic Materials Institute (2018)

3Circular Economy
Holistic Product Lifecycle Approach is Needed
Upcycling

Input
Raw Materials
Circular materialsystems

Recollection
Infrastructure

Collect

As-a-ServiceOfferings
5 | Sustainable & Resilient Digital Ecosystems
Source: BCG (2018), THE NEW BIG CIRCLE

DesignRecycle

Industrie 4.0 &SmartServices

Use

Distribute

Resourceefficient
Produce

Value-oriented
Business Models

Circular Material Systems
Inspired by the Circular Nature of Biological Systems

Organic
e.g. insulation materials

6 | Sustainable & Resilient Digital Ecosystems
Source: Decker (CC BY-SA)

Biosynthetic
e.g. chemical precursors
out of renewables

Bio-Inspired
e.g. Gekkotan adhesive system

Eco-Design
Circular Economy by Design
RecycleUpcycling
Remanufacture
Refurbish
Reuse
RepairConsumer

1. Understandwhat makes aproduct sustainable
2. Designfor circularbusiness models
3. Develop
sustainable
Upgrademanufacturing
Maintainsolutions

7 | Sustainable & Resilient Digital Ecosystems
Source: BCG (2018), THE NEW BIG CIRCLE | acatech (2020), Innovationen für einen europäischen Green Deal, S.33 | acatech (2021), Circular Business Models

Transformation of Smart Manufacturing
Industrie 4.0: Resource-efficient and Adaptable Digital Factories
ERPDigital Twin
Virtual representationof the reality

Asset
Administration
Shell

PLM

Public Clouds
Edges
Edges
Edges

Private Cloud

Finishedcomponent

Measuring technology

CAD/CAM

Laser processing

Flexible Cells

Simulation

Team
TeamRobotics
robotic
EDM

Raw component
Milling machine

M2M: OPC-UA, 5G

8 | Sustainable & Resilient Digital Ecosystems
Source: Laboratory for Machine Tools and Production Engineering (WZL) of RWTH Aachen University

Industrial AI

Digital Twin
Foundation for Collaboration,Sustainability and Competitiveness
Digital Twin

Machine/AssetConsumption Telemetry

Carbon Reporting

Virtual representationof the reality

External cloudservice: OPC-UA
Asset
Administration
Shell

Own Calculation
Data Generation

Emissions: kg CO2/day

Exchange of CO2 Data Along the Value Chain
Factsheet and Demonstrator 11/2021

9 | Sustainable & Resilient Digital Ecosystems

Data Spaces and Sharing Economy
Transparency and Collaboration in Digital Ecosystems
Data sovereignty
in a connected economy
Secure data exchange▪ across automotive
value chain

Data Sharing Community
for Industry of the Future

10 | Sustainable & Resilient Digital Ecosystems

DATA SPACE
INDUSTRIE 4.0▪

across all companies
in manufacturing
value chain

Manufacturing-X

Supply Chain Resilience
Example: The Automotive Industry (acatech 2021)
Increase adaptability

Trustworthy use of data

▪ Adaptable production systems:
Industrie 4.0▪ Simplify pre-competitivecollaboration▪ Rapid implementation ofData Spaces▪ Build trust, with government
acting as mediator

Resilient European supply chains▪ Strengthen the ecosystem:
Microelectronics IPCEI

11 | Sustainable & Resilient Digital Ecosystems

Source: acatech (2021), Resilience as Goal for Economic and Innovation Policy

Resiliencein theAutomotiveindustry

Think circular for batteries▪ Promote circular economy▪ Establish supportive regulation

Scaling of Production: Need-oriented and Local
Example: Modular mRNA-Production Facilities of Biontech
Status Quo: Covid-19 in Africa

Task: Increase Capacities<15%

Agreement on installation ofproduction capacities in Africawith European technology

Vaccination rate
across African continent~1 %Of global vaccine production
capacity located in Africa

Ghana▪
▪

EUwith12 | Sustainable & Resilient Digital Ecosystems

SenegalAction: Modular Facilities

SARwanda

Modular production
facilities
annual production capacity of
50 mio. doses

Adaptable Eco-systems: Connect and Transact in ’Real Time‘
Implement the Industrie 4.0 Concept of Horizontal Integration
Semantic interoperability▪ Technological,
commercial & legal
Monitor, predict
and act in ‘real time’▪ Digital twins▪ Data spaces
Ad hoc networking▪ Seamless Onboarding▪ Quality of service▪ Automated contracting

13 | Sustainable & Resilient Digital Ecosystems
Image source: Hewlett-Packard

Twin Transformation (Green and Digital)
Call to Action: Enterprises
Designnetworks

Supplier
networks

Production Logistics
networks networks

Asset & services
networks

Business Networks▪ Situational Tasks▪ Cloud computing

Autonomous Systems▪ Routine tasks▪ Edge computing

Connected
peopleConnected
machines

Connected
fleetsConnected
products→ Business Process Reenginering + Ecodesign + Business Eco-system Engagement
Source: SAP SE

14 | Sustainable & Resilient Digital Ecosystems

Twin Transformation (Green and Digital)
Call to Action: Society
Industries:
Rethink Product Lifecycle

Workforce:
Upskilling & Demographics

Consumer:
Rethink Consumption

Industrie 4.0
Advanced Robotics + HMI

As a Service
Offerings

Lifelong Learning

15 | Sustainable & Resilient Digital Ecosystems

Value-oriented
Business Models

Social Innovation