Media Discourse Analysis
メディアディスコース分析論
Analysing Discourse
Chapter 1Introduction

Outline ・概要
1. Social analysis, discourse analysis, text analysis
 2. Terminology: text, discourse, language
 3. Language in New Capitalism (LNC) 4. The approach to text analysis
 5. Social research themes 6. Social effects of texts and on texts
 7. Ideological effects
 8. Text, meanings and interpretations
 9. Texts and authors
 10. Forms, meanings and effects
 11. Critical analysis and ‘objectivity’ 12. The limits of textual analysis
Outline ・概要 (Parts 1-5)
1. Social analysis, discourse analysis, textanalysis
社会分析、言説分析、テキスト分析
 2. Terminology: text, discourse, language
術語：テキスト・ディスコース・言語 3. Language in New Capitalism (LNC)
新資本主義における言語
 4. The approach to text analysis
テキスト分析のアプローチ
 5. Social research themes
社会研究のテーマ
1. Social analysis, discourse analysis, text analysis
社会分析、言説分析、テキスト分析
 Dialectical relationship (弁証的な関係） between language

and other elements of social life.
 Two approaches: TODA or non-TODA.

 Order of discourse (言説の秩序）= ‘the relatively durable(永続の) social structuring of language which is itself one
element of the relatively durable structuring and networkingof social practices.’ Interdiscursive analysis = ‘seeing texts in terms of thedifferent discourses, genres and styles [that] they draw
upon and articulate together’2. Terminology 術語
 Text = ‘any instance of language inuse’ Discourse• General meaning （抽象的意味）• Particular meaning （具体的意味）
 Language

3. Language in New Capitalism
新資本主義における言語 ‘new capitalism’

新資本主義= ‘the most recent of a historical series ofradical restructurings (急進的な再構築）
through which capitalism has maintained its
fundamental continuity (基本的継続性)’.

4. The approach to text analysis
テキスト分析のアプローチ
 Transdisciplinary

学際的 New social theory

新社会理論

 Hallidayan Linguistics

ハリデー学派言語学

 Qualitative and Quantitative

質的と量的5. Social research themes
社会研究のテーマ
社会運営
 Hybridity
ハイブリッド性 ‘Space-time’時空 Hegemonic struggles
ヘゲモニー闘争 Ideologies
イデオロギー Citizenship and ‘public space’
市民権と公共圏
 Communication technologies
伝達技術 ‘Legitimation’ of social order
社会秩序の合法化
 ‘Informalisation’ of society
社会の非公式化
 GovernanceOutline ・概要 (Parts 6-12)
6. Social effects of texts and on texts
テキストの社会的効果と社会のテキスト的効果
 7. Ideological effects
イデオロギー的効果 8. Text, meanings and interpretations
テキスト・意味・解釈
 9. Texts and authors
テキストと著者
 10. Forms, meanings and effects
形態・意味・効果
 11. Critical analysis and ‘objectivity’
批判的分析と客観性
 12. The limits of textual analysis
テキスト分析の限度

6. Social effects of texts & on texts
テキストの社会的効果と社会のテキスト的効果
 Immediate individual effects
 Less immediate individual effects
 Social or political effects

 Causality

7. Ideological effects
イデオロギー的効果 Ideologies= ‘representations of aspects of the world
which can be shown to contribute toestablishing, maintaining and changing social
relations of power, domination andexploitation.’8. Text, meanings and interpretation
テキスト・意味・解釈
 The process of meaning-making has three parts:(a) the production of text(b) the text itself(c) the reception (or interpretation) of the text
 NOTE: Distribution is also an an important aspect.

9. Texts and authors
テキストと著者
 Ervin Goffman’ three roles:• Principal• Author• Animator10. Forms, meanings and effects
形態・意味・効果
 Common features of texts that often (but notalways) have ideological effects include:
Nominalisation: e.g. ‘change’ used as an noun
(as an active agent in a clause)
Passive verbs: e.g. ‘can be made andshipped’11. Critical analysis & ‘objectivity’
批判的分析と客観性 Critical Realism (Roy Bhaskar)
 Reality has three levels:

Potential: what social events are possible, given thesocial structures and practices that exist.
Actual: what social events actually occur
Empirical: what we can know about social reality (whataspects of what social events?)
 Objectivity‘There is no such thing as an ‘objective’ analysis of a text.’

12. The limits of textual analysis
テキスト分析の限度 ‘To research meaning-making, one needs tolook at interpretations of texts as well as texts
themselves.’ ‘Textual analysis is best framed within
ethnography’ We must frame textual analysis withinorganizational analysis.
 We must link ‘micro’ analysis of texts to‘macro’ analysis of power relations in society.

Organization of this book Introduction
 Part I

Social analysis, Discourse analysis, & Text analysis Part II

Genres and [texts as] Action

 Part III

Discourses and [texts as ] Representations

 Part IV

Styles and [texts as constructing] Identities Conclusion Glossaries
 Appendix

Part I Social analysis, Discourse
analysis, & Text analysis
 Ch 1Introduction

 Ch 2

Texts, Social Events, & Social Practices

 Ch 3

Intertextuality and Assumptions

Part II Genres and [texts as] Action
 Ch 4

GenresGenre = a particular way of acting & interacting linguistically(e.g. interview, lecture, news report).
 Ch 5Meaning Relations between Sentencesand Clauses

 Ch 6

Clauses: Types of Exchange, Speech
Functions, and Grammatical Mood

Part III Discourses and [textsas ] Representations
 Ch 7

Discourses

Discourse = language as an element of social life which isdialectically related to other elements.

 Ch 8

Representations of Social Events

Part IV Styles and [texts asconstructing] Identities
 Ch 9StylesStyle = the discoursal aspect of a particular way of being.

 Ch 10

Modality and Evaluation

Conclusion, Glossaries,Appendix
 Conclusion• Summary of ideas in this book
• Sample analysis• ‘Manifesto’ for CDA
 Glossaries• Key Terms• Key Theorists
 Appendix• Examples of 15 texts related to Language in the
New Capitalism