lSSN O912−7410

No．16 September1991．ヽ ■JlI ．ヾリJ■・J〃r五月ⅣdTJO〃Aエ エA〟E E〃m月0〃〟E〃r CO〃〟JrT■EE FOU〃βArJOⅣFor Better Lake Management−
1This Newsletteris also ava‖abreinJapanese．

MORE CHALLENGESIN 90s
FiveyearshavepassedsincelLECwasestabli＄hedin
anddisruptionoffreshwaterfisheri8S．Manyconflicts，On
1986・These have been five fruitfulyea（S With many
theonehandbetweenupstreamanddownstreamusers，
environmentalproblem soIved although more st川 On the other hand，between different sectors of theremain・Asweheadintothe90s．standingontheborder SOCiety，haveerupted・Thesedeve10PmentSmad8Clear
betw一∋en 2 dacades，JLEC now face＄ the question
thatnewapproachesareneededtoreconcileconflicting
NwheredowegofroTnhere？Nsomeofth8anSWer＄areinterestsonhowtou＄eWaterreSOUrCeSina＄uStainabie
PrOVidedin a message from Dr，ToIba the UNEP
Way・MorepreventivepFannlngandbroadinvoIvementof
Executive Director wMch weincIudein thi＄i＄＄Ue，We
10Calresidentsi＄nOW Widely regard8d as es＄entlal．
hope you wjlIhelp us to great8r＄UCCeS＄in the years
Sjnceitsinceptionin1986．rLEChasassistedUNEPin
ah8ad．
tackling some of the most pressmgissues．】n co−
1LEChaspublishedabookofitsactivitiesinthepast5
OPeration with GEMS −GRID，data on the pre＄ent
years．The publication，entitEed NFive years Tracs of Situationoflakesa ov8rtheworldhatvebeencollected，
ILECN，is available fromJLEC s Heard Officein Shiga
analysedandpublishedas SurveyoftheStateofWorld
free of charge．
Lakes ・lnco−OPerationwithUNEP swat8rUnit，PraXis−
Oriented trainJng materials on environmentalfy soundmanagementoflake＄havebeendeveloped．Additional−
Me＄Sage From Dr．Mostafa K．Tolba
1y，SeVeraltrainlngCOurSeSforscienti＄t＄andadministra−
The rapid rate of＄OCio−eCOnOmic developm8ntin
tors，mainly from deveIoplng COuntries，have been
manylake／re＄erVOir basins around th8 WOrEdi＄in−
Organiz8d．
CreaSingfyrecognized asathreattotheirwaterquality
rnthe1990s，mOreCha‖8nge＄forbothUNEPandlLEC
and their environment．
lie ah8ad；includ‡咽：D8mandsformoreimgation＄Chemes，increased use −Assistjng the USSR governmentinthe preparation
Offertilizersand pesticides，ClearlngOfforestsinupper
OfanActionPlanfortherehabilitationoftheAraISea
WaterShed areas，releas8 0f untreated domestic andand settingupanechani＄mforitsinp18mentation．
indu＄trialsewagearecau＄lngenVironmentaldamageto
1LEC，inco−OPerationwithGEMS，isaFsoexpectedlakesandtheirbasins．Moreover，manyWelトintended
toproposenewmonitorlngS手tesintheAralSeaand
deve10Pment PrOJeCt＄ have adverse repercussions，
its basin．
includingforcedres8ttlementsofIargepopulations，th8−1mplementing a ma＄ter PFan for the Lake Chad
SPreadingofwater−bomediseasesandaquaticweeds．
Basin，in whichlLEC should pIay an active role．

−Contributingtothefurtherdeve10PmentOfEnviron−mentatlnpact Assessment TTlethod＄and cost−benefit analysIS aPPlied to water proJeCt＄・−Elaborating the relatively n8W SC萱entific tooIslike
RemoteSensing and Geographic Lnformation Sys−
tems（QIS）．1tis aIso expeGted that mod8 ing wil［ga■ngrOW■ng■mPOrtanCeforplann．ngpurposesand
inthepredictionofenvironmentalchangesinIakes・ProfessionaIsfrom developlng COuntriesand East−
ern Europe should be trained in using thesetechniques throughlLEC −Organized trainlng
COurSeS．

−AsGO−OrganizerLLECwi contributesub＄tantia y
tothe5thWorldlakeConferencescheduIedforMay
1993at Lake Maggiore，ltaIy．This conference wilF
deaIwithsuchtimelyI＄SueSaStheefFect＄Oftouri＄m
Onlakes．

UNEPi＄looking forward to continulng the previous
fruitfuIco−OPeration withlLECin the 90s・
Director，United Nations
EnvironrnentalProgramme

Expeutive UNEPInternational
Environmental Technology Centre
TheGoverningCounGi10ftheUnitedNationsEnviron−mentprogramme（UNEP）adopted．on May31．1991in

Gove｛ningCouncil・UNEPisexpectedtoworkoutthedetails．

Backgrounda）Adequatesupplyoffresh−Wateri＄thebasisoflife
aswelLasecpnomicactivities・ltis・however，beCOm−■ng SCarCein many partS Ofdeve10P■ng COuntries・b）Shiga Prefecture has experince and expertiseinmanagementofafresh−Waterlakeca ed Biwa・thelarge＄tOneinJapan・thelakesupportsnotOnlythelife

and the economy of the Prefecture but also that of
mi ions of peopIe around the prefecture，aS thesource of RiverYodogawa，Which f10WSinto Osaka
Bay．

c）Moreover，theprefecturalgovernmentofShigaandthe［nternationaILake Enviroment Committee（lLEC）．

whichis10Catedinthe Prefecture，have been alreadyinvoIved very activelyIninternationalco−OPerationsinthisfieldforyearsinco−OPerationwithUNEP・1LECwasindeedestablishd
in1986inresponseto Executive DireGtOrDr・Tolba s

PrOPO＄alto creat8an Organ tOfurtherenhance the
弓nternationalef†0rls to con58Ⅳ81ake／帽さ8ⅣOir en−
vironment，Whichhemadeontheocca＄ionoftheFirstWorld Lake EnvironmentConferencein1984inShiga
Prefecture．1LECisplayinganactivepartinsupporting
the UNEPlntemationalEnvironrT［ent TeGhno10gy
Centre．

Nairobi，a decision on anlnternationalEnvironmental
TechnoIogyCentre，WhichhadbeenoriglnalEypropo＄edby the Govemment ofJapan・The Centre wi be
dedicatedtotransferofenvironmenta y−SOUndtechno−
Eog■eS tO develop■ng COUntri8S and countries witheconomiesintransition，byneansofprovidingtrainlng
and consulting services．carrylng OUt reSearCh，andaccumulating and disseminating relatedinformation・Specialfocusw川beplacedonenvironmentallysustain−

Guideline Book Vo［．3
Was PubIished
Lake Shore Management
Edited by S．E．）．rgensen and H・LOffIer

Guideline Book Vol．3was published bylLEC and
UNEPin September1990，fol10Wlng the publication of
Vol．1in May1989．VoEume3，8ntitled
Lake Shore
able management Of big citi8S and fresh −Water
Management，1，100ks
ata
aspects
oflakesho（elake／「（〉SOⅣOir ba8ins．
management．
The CentrewiEIbe anintegralpartofthe UNEPand
The who18SPeCtrum Oflake management may be
thereby underit＄＄UPerVision・Satisfactory assurances
dhl［dedintothreefield＄inthespecial．thoughtheseare，
wiIlbes8CUredconcernlngtheinternationa10rlglnOfthe
techno10gleS and expertise avaiIable，With a view to Of course，CtOSely reFated to each other・
ThemanagenentofIakewateritselfcomesfir＄t．andguarante81ngitsfu international＄tatuS・Thea＄SuranCe＄thesecond concerns the management of the wholeshould be reflected 寺n the organizat書Onalstructure，
catchmentlandarea，WhichisnoEessimportantthanthe
PerSOnn8EandprogTamnleSOftheCentre，through，阜些
others for s8VOralrea＄0∩5．
alia，establishment of anlnternationalAdvisory Board．

Activities of the Centre should aIso be fulEy co −ordinat8d with and complement activities of relevant

CONTENTS

Chapter 1
unitsoftheUNEP．inparticular，thecleanerproduction
and otherretevantaCtivitiesofthelndu＄tryand Enviro− lntroduction by5．仁．ノ￠r卵〃8e〃
Chapt8「2ment office and activities taking pIace under th8
Evapotransplrationinlittoralvegetation
ausp■CeSOfthe G10balEnviromentMonitor■ngSystem・
as weElas activities of other organization＄the United J．P．OJldo欠，K．Pr胎8〃8ndJ．Kyef
Chapter 3Na¶on5SyStem．
Erosion and f tration
The（〕overnentofJapan hop8Sthatthe Centrewill
S．亡．ノ中rg8〃8en
Start itS aCtiYitieS at an earliest possible date in 1992.

Attachedisthe re＄Ultofa de＝beration onthe partof
Japan，at this moment，tO elaborate on the above

Chapter 4
Water quality aspects

rTlentioned decision，takinginto account the oplnions
expre＄Sed duringthecourseofthedeliberation atthe

Aた什8 Kuraねa／？d T加加OJα帽

2

Chapter5

Littoralhabitat＄and GOmmUnities
亡〝a Pね￠ZyJI占たa

Chapt（汀6
1mpact on man〃．⊥b〝／○′

Chapter 7
1mpact by man

2．2rnterestgrOuP＄invoIved with use of
WaternBSOUrC8＄／env汀0nment
K・肋沈喝Ⅷ両
岬鹿〟mO腑α〃UJIル8rSJfy，ノ（】pd〃）
Profile A：Di＄COntinuation of
th8Lake Shinjiand NakaumiProject
K．K〟lロr（l〃．Lこl′／Jo′（C／l胎d U〃ル○√8′！れノ叩d〃）Chapt￠r8
QLJantification and mode ing
8．EJヰけg即750〃
Chapter 9Management tooIs
S．亡．Jl′g帥S即
Chapter 10
Planning

2・3The pub‖c s roIeinlake management：
the8XPeriencein the Great Lakesん〃Ja〃 S什8羞舟r8ba

Chapter 11
The Kis−Ba．aton reservoir system as means ofCOntrOl‖ng
eutrophication of Lake Balaton，Hungary
Sa〃dor〃8√Odo〟
Chapter 12
Shore managementin Lak8Biwa
Tb一山o〝什ロa〃d T8J￠わ什O Uda
lnd8X

J．ノロC〟80／l（G√eロー⊥ロ〟88UJI舶d，C（】〃8血）仇mJT：亡廿飢（〟α〟0〃ロ／肌JdJ〃e Fedo′d〃0／I，U．S．A．）
Profire B：Lake Balaton
V．J∂fy8〃OyJ￠8（βロ山一o／？いm〃OJogねα／月888ロrCわJ〃8〃fuI8，〃〟叩αr／α〃Acロ鵬爪y O′S￠ね〃￠e．〃〃〃gロry）
Section 3
ANALYTICAL FRAMEWORK FOR
WATER RESOURCE MANA（3EMENT
3・1Water resource management：planning and implementation〃・肌〃〟ねcJ】mfd！d〃d8．S．〟cC（一山Oy（亡dSト〝e8f C即for．U．S．A．）
3.2 Effective monitoring of lake waters
A．K．8／∂〝α8Guideline Book Vo】．2
VVas Publishedsodo−Economi￠OfAspects
Of Lake／Reservoir Management
Edited by M．Hashimoto
Guidelhe Book Vol．2was published bylLECin
August1991．
AlthoughitcomesafterVol．3iti＄infacttheIatestintheserieson Lake Management．As Dr．Evteev＄ay＄in
Ms foreword to this editjon，entitled Socio−Economic
Aspects of Lake／Reservoir Management ■，this bookshould appealto a wide range of reader＄ fromadmhistratorsto NGOs，PraCtitionerstoacademic＄and
itis hoped that alF concerned readers，Willfind thisguidelinebook usefuIin their daiIy activitie＄．−■CONTENTS
Section 1
UTlLlZATlON OF WATER RESOURCES
AND PROBLEMS OF LAKE MANA（；EMENT
T．〝什0（Lロ〟e8ルd丹那8αr￠わJ〃8fffur8，ノロpα〃）α〃d 〃．SαZロ〃ロm／（U〃舶d〃dffo′椅C馴宜飢∵br月切削血肌J加yeJopme〃8
Section 2
LAKE MANAGEMENT FROM THE PERSPECTlVE
OF LOCAL RESIDENTS AND［NTEREST GROUPS
2・1Understanding ofthe state ofthelake environment
in the context of socio−CulturaIperceptive−an eXanPle ofLake Bjwa，JapanY．〝ddロ（山女8βル8月050ロrCわ／∩5ffruf8，ノロp（l〃）仙f即〃ロー／OJ柑／Ⅳd始′斤080UrCOA8さ0￠fロ〟0／7，かgJd〃所
3・31ntegratedJand−Water SyStemS
and their possible modern application〃．LO〝Jer（Wo〃〃d U／丁ル即■Sf！カ3・4EconomicanaIysISOfwaterr8＄OurCe deveIopm8nt
J．A．D反0〃（亡ロ8トWosf Ce〃ねr．U．S．A．）
3・5Cost sharing forIake／re＄erVOir management：
Issu8＄and princIPl8S
K．耽 ∈ロS始rα〃dJ．ノ．〝ロ8JI′（UJIル8r5′ry o／〟血〃880ね．U．S．A．）
Pro川o C：The management of Lake Dianchi−China⊥・〃0／叩／fd叩ロndJ・ZJlロ〃9（C〟血080月舶OarCわAcロdo爪yO／伽y什0／】me〃ね／5￠ね〃一￠OS，CJ7山口）

Profile D：Lake Biwa−Japanルー．〃口々αmUrロ（山一88＝〝ロ月OSeα化わJ〃S附U吟．ノ叩α〃）Se（）tion 4

SOCIAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMSOF LAKE／WATER RESOURCE DEVELOPMENTS
4・1Localsocialand8nVironmentalimpacts
Of water resource deve［opments
A．5福明dαmⅥ（加y′用〃mO〃IαJ⊥JαJ80／】C即柑e，〝ony（l）
Profile E：The socialimpact＄Ofthe creation of Lake
KaribaC・〃・D．〃ロgα血d（U／Ifv8r5′fy o／Z員mbロム〝○，Z加bαb〝e）4・2Problems andissu8＄in comp8∩＄atOけmeaSUre＄
related to water resource deveIopments34・3Socio−eCOnOmic and culturaIapproaches
to involuntary population resettlement
ル†．〟．C8mOd（〃d′yαrd UJIルer8J少，U．S．A．）
Profile G：Srinagarind dam−Thailand

techniGalexperts and researchersinvoIvedin en−
Viromentaladministration orwaterquality preservation．
The courseincEudedlectures and study visits on
subjects ranging from limnology and biology to water
re＄OurCe management，PUblic health，Water SamPI［ng，WaSte Water treatment，Water qUality and sediment
analysis and the history of water pollution control inJapan・PraGticaltrainlngWaSPerFormedin cooperation
WiththeLaboratoryControEforEnvironmentarMicropol−
futant＄（Kyoto University），SMga Universityandlnstitute

β．8ロ√√○〝Of Public Health and EnvironmentalScience．Nine

S．ん佃f8山（〝γ0ねU／Iル引℃〟y，ノ（】pα〃）Profile F：Amazonian reservoirs−Brazil
J．G．Tu〃d′8J（U〃ル○√S′叶○′SロO Pロ山0，β√ロZ〟）（P′J〃e80′SoJIg仙／αUJlルe帽耽mmJロ〃所
ProfileJ：Lake Ka＄umIgaUra−Japan

PerEicipantsweredividedhtothre8grOuPSandpracticaltrainlngWaSglVenaCCOrdingtothe baGkgroundofeach
Participant．Al＄0，JETA（Japan EnvironmentTechnoIogy
Association）in cooperation with HORIBA LTD．，and
SHIMADZU Corporation gavetrainlngin the operationand maintenanceofwaterqualityinstrumentsmanufac−
tured byHORrBA LTD．and hthe pnncIPlesinvoIv8din
the Atomic Absorption SpeGtrOPhotometer manufac−
tured by SHIMADZU．
ln m手d−February，a trip made by part季Cipants toTokyo−Tsukuba Science Cityincluded visits to theEnvironmentAgencyand NationalJns¶tutefor Environ−〃．什mⅥ別川化

mentalStudie5．

（J⊥亡C）

Profile H：The SaguIing dam proJeCt−lndonesia
亡．βro【0始〝0′0（Pddメロd拍rα〃UJIルe′SJfy，J〃do／柑8fd）
4．4Water resources d8Velopm8nt and water
quality managenentin brackishlakes〃．〃ロrロ8ロ〝ロ（〃α〃oJIロ／J朋JJ餌ね′or亡〃y什OJ†me〃Iα／S山dね8，J〔岬d〃）Profilel：Lake Songkhla−Thailand
S．S〟〃〃10√〃（〟α汀○〃ロJJ〃S〃山一8ねr亡〃y什OJlmO〃IqJS†udf郎，ノ叩ロ〃）
ProfileK：Socio−eCOnOmicprof 80fLagunaLakeBa＄in
亡．P．P（】￠αrdo（血5折〟始0／亡〃y什OJ†mO〃一口／Scfo〃eOd〃dルlα〃αg8me〃f，
The P／I叫叩血郎）
Se（）tion 5

CONCLUS10NS AND RECOMMEND＾T10NS
ルー．〃ロ8わ′mo！○（J⊥亡C）

lLEC／J［CA LAKE WATER QUALITYMANAGEMENT TRAINING COURSE− A QLOBAL NETWORK OF
WATER ENVIRONMENT SPECIAuSTS

Besides，EnvironmentalEducation Project whjchis
PromotingbylLECwa＄a▲soprogrammedinthecourse．
−
ParticIPantSW8ntOnafieldtriptoprlmaryandiuniorhigh
The LLTrainingCourseinLak8WaterQualityManage−
SChooIsin Sh宴ga，tOinspect theIessons of acid rain
m8nt fordeve10PlngCOuntrie＄WaSheEd mainIyinOtsu，
U引ng CO ected rain water．personalcomputer andJapan fromJanuary16 to MarGh 26，199l，JOintly Engli＄hshortstory．Forthetransferof
propertechnolo−
COnVenned bylLEC andJFCA（Japanlnternational
gy ，Lake Biwa case studies，implemented by Shiga
CooperationAgency）．fLEChadheIdasimilarcoursein Prefecture was discussed by speciaIists，admi＄tratOrS
1990foratotaloffive particpant＄from China Ethiopla， and the participants．Being the first to write reports，Malay＄ia，Thailand and the Philippines．ContinLJlng On
COrnPUter＄hulation was covered．
from the benefits gainedin the pTeVious course，thisFina yparticpant＄Submittedtechniealreportsonlake
tranlngCOur＄eWa＄helda＄anODAproJeCt・Th8nUmber
WaterqUalitymanagementbasedontheknowledg8they
Of participants wasincrea＄ed to a totaF of nine fromgain8d during their course．
Ohina，Indonesia，Malaysia，Tha‖and，Ghana，Kenya．Zim− 1LECintendstoholdthiscourseonanannualbasisfor
babwe，Argentineand Paraguay．The participantswer
aboutlOtraineesandhopestornakeaglobalnetworkof
re＄erChesin water environrnent．
SUPERVISORS OF THE COURSElTakeshiGoda Vice Director G8neTal，lLEC
Dean，Faculty of Engineering
Setsunan Univers声吋Saburo Matsui Regular Member，［LEC ScientificCommi仕88
Profes＄Or，Faculty of Eng看neering，
Kyoto UniversiけLECTURERS OF THE COURSE
Tatuo Kira

Hiroshi Tsuno
Mun（〉tS咽U

Chairp8r＄On，lLEC ScientificCommit−
toe
DiTeCtOr，LakeBiwaResearchlnst7tute
As50Giat㊤Protessor，Kyoto Un声vt）rSi吋
Professor，Shiga University

Kawa8hima

Head of R8SearGh SeGtion．
Lake Biwa Res8arChlnstutute
Director，H署kone Public HealthCent8r
Funitsugu Kusano
S8CttOn Chief，Fumio Fukada
Environment Authority，Dept．of Con−
SUmer Afねirs，Tra用c＆Environment，
Shiga PrefecturalGovernment
Assistant Section Chief，Toyohis aNakamura EnviTOnment Authority，Dept．of Con−
Sum8r Affairs，Traffic＆Environment．
Shiga Prefectural Government

Akir8 Kurata

COOPERATE COMPANFES，lNSTITUTESAND ORGANIZAT10NS
Environment Division，Dept．of Consumer Affair＄，Traffic＆Environment．Shiga PrefecturalGovemment
Lake Biwa ResearGhlnstitute，lnstitute of PubIic Health and EnvironmentalScience，
Shiga PrefecturalFisheries Experiment Station，AgriculturalExperiment Station，Shiga Pref8Cture，SMga PrefecturaISewage Works Corporation，Kusatsu Public Health Centre，
Ritto−nishiJunior High SchooIDaiho PrimarySchool，
The Water Treatment Centre for the Southem＾rea of
Shiga Prefecture，Yoshikawa Fi】tration PIant，
Dai−ichiEiseiPEant，Ohmihachirnan City，
Small−SizeSewerageTreatnentPlantatKiryu District，
Otsu−ShiShiga−Cho kumiaiClean Centre，Lake Biwa Work OffiGe，Ministry of ConstrLJCtion．
Amaga＄8Dam Controt Office，Yodo RiverDam ControICentre，KinkiRegionalConstruction Bureau，Ministryof
Con＄truCtion，Water QuaIity Bureau，Environment Agency．
Nationallnstitute for EnvironmentalStudies，
KasLJmlgaura Water Research Station，N［ES．
United Nations Centre foT RegionalDeveIopment，
Okayama PrefecturalGovernment，
Hiroshima PrefecturalGovernment，Machida Refuse Resources RecycIing CurluraICentre，Laboratory Controlfor EnvironmentalMicropo utants，
Kyoto University，
Otsu Hydrobiologica】Station，Kyoto University，Japan Environm8nt Techno10gy Association．
HORIBA LTD．
SHIMADZU CORPORAT10NKIRIN Brewery Co．，Ltd．
Calbe8 Foods Co．，Ltd，
Otsu Paperboard Co．，Ltd．
1na SeikiCo．，LTd，
RK Exce】CoリLtd，
DAIHATSU Motor Co．，Ltd．

ILEC Activitiesin1990
JanLJary8］LECTrainingCour＄eOnLakeWater−March16 Quality Management
Distributionof SurveyoftheStateofFl）bruaⅣWor−d Lake＄1989Repo「t3rd Expert Group Worltshop on
Febru引Y8−21
River／Lake Ba＄in Approaches toEnvironmenta ySoundManagement
OfWaterResourcesunderthespon−
SOrShipo‖LEC，UNCRD and UNEP．
（Ot＄u and Okazaki）
Februaけ20
lLEC Osaka lnternational Forum
The Water We Share ．
Cooperationto lLake Environmental
February19−20
ForuminlbaTagi （Tsuchiura）
Cooperationto ■Lake Environmental
February19蠣20
Forumin Nagano（Nagano）
Februa「y21−23 3rdGeneralMeetingof］LECScien・tific Committee（Ot＄U）
February24
Visit oflLEC members at＄ChooIs at
Kohoku townin Shiga
March
PubIication of JICA／lLEC report［lnvestigative Researchinto Lake
Env行Onment Protection Measure
and Appropriate Techno10gy
Ap川2−5
Participation ofanlLEC representa−
tivein the meetin90n Baikallnter−nationalCentre for EcoIoglCalRe−
Sear（）h （けkutuk）

Apri】9−17

Ap州20−26

May23−24

May25−30

May27．June3

Junel−2

Junel−8

June 26
June30−Julyl

MissiontoGRFD／Geneva，lUCN and
WHOforthecommencementofjoint
GIS pro」eCt
ParticipationofanlLEC repre＄enta−
tive in tha meeting to save the Aral
Sea，SPOn＄Ored by UNESCO and
Kazav RepubIic
Preparatoly meeting between lLEC
andltaIianlnstitute of HydrobioIogy
on the 5th World Lalte conference
Mission to GRID／Geneva，WHO，lRPTC，llASA and MARC for future
COllaboration
River water−qUality monitoring by
SChoolteach8r＄ and student＄ forenvironm8ntaleducation proJeCtin
Japan
Plannlng and Cooperation Meeting
betweenlLECandCRAESforthe4th
World Lake Conference Preparatory
meeti咽Mi＄＄ion to PSU，ONEB− GRID／
Bangkok，AWBand Universityofthe
PhilipplneS for possibIe coIlabora−tion on Application of GISfor LakeManagement
ExperimentaIlectureatKohokutown
for lake environment education
Cooperation to Uminoko−fiesta（aCOmmemOration of Eutrophication

5

Prevention Ordinancein Shiga）■
MissionoftworLECrepresentatives
for data Augu＄tllcoIEection of
Africanlak8＄
CooperationtoIAWPRC KyotoCon−
July29−August2 ference
Coc．peration to 8th Lake Biwa
August3
Water Fe＄tival
Cooperationto EMECS 90 inKobe
Au！】USt3−6
Joint trainlng Seminar of schooI
Augu＄t8−9teachers and students forenViron−mentaT education proJeCt
Participation of threeILEC repr8−
August13−18
SentativesinGEMS／WATER Lening−radmeetingtoexp10relLEC ＄Parti−
GIPationin1990 s
Publication of lLEC Guideline Book
September
Vol．3， Lak8Shore Managenlent
September4
Bureau Meeting of lLEC ScientificCommittee at Hangzhou
Visit of Prof．de Bernardiat Otsu to
September4
PrePare for the 5th World Lake
Conft）renCe
Sept一∋mber5−9 Convenlng Of th8 4th World Lake
Conference
Hangzhou 90
jointly
With CRAES
September
Cooperation to Yunnan Lak8Man−
11−12 agementSeminar（Kunming，Yunnan）
SeptemberPreparatory meeting on thelLEC s
13−21participationin El−HaiProject
S8Ptemb8r4−22 Mission of a scientist to Yunnan
July−

Province for lake data collection
S8Ptemb8r4−22 Missiol10f a sGientist to Zhejian
Province forIake data co ection
September2−22 MissionofascientisttoEuropeand
USSR to discussILEC／USSR col−Iaboration
September17 CooperationtoESCAPdrawlngCOn−
te＄t
September 18 Participation of an lLEC member in−Octobl∋r3 theIst expert group meeting for
UNEP／USSRproJeCttOSaVetheAral
Sea
OctoberlO−161nvitation of Dr．AIadin，Leningrad
lnstitute ofZoo‡ogyto g］Ve teCture＄
On the AraISeain Otsu，Kyoto andChiba
Octob8r20−21 Coop8ration toIAgrlculture andForestry Fostival
Novernber4−10 Missionoftwo［LEC repr8Sentativeto ThaiIand to finalizelLEC／ThaiPa「lners cooperation for Applica−tion of GIS†orlako managemont
Nov8mber20− Miss10n Of a scientist to East Africa
for Lake December11data coIlec−tion
November30 ExperimentalIectureatKohokutown
forlak8 enVironm㊤ntal￠ducation
December5−7 MissionoftwoILECrepresentative
to participatein thelLEC／USSR
COOPerationforthe surveyof USSR
lakes／resen／Oirs

LAKES OF THE WORLD
Lake Glubokoe（USSR）
Lake Glubokoe，Whichis situated 90km west of
Moscow，has been underinvestigation forlOO years＄inGetheestablishmentofahydrobio10glCaIstation on
its eastern shoTein1891．Thelake covers an area of
59ha andis1200 m10ng and 33m deep−being
exceptionallydeepforthe Moscowreg10n，Typicarofa
lakeofthisdepth，ithashydrochemicaI，hydroIoglCalandbio10glCal＄tratifi（〉ations．
AIthough，Lake G［ubokoeis genera y mesotrophic，SOme ParameterS are COntradictory，］ts water salinity（TDS61mglJl）andthebuffercapacityareIow．Thelake
isice−boundfrom between Octoberand Decemberuntil
Aprilto May．Thelakeiswe protected bya3kmwide
ZOne Of swamp and fore＄t fronlagrlCuIturaL and othereconomicactivities althoughitis much visited bysport
fi＄herman．
Since the station was established，Variou＄ ＄tudies
havebeenundertaken，mainlyreflectingtheformationof
RussianIimno10gy．Occa＄ionaItythestationwasu＄edfor
investigations w事th purposes otherthanthe elucidation
Ofthelake ＄eCOSy＄tem and hasbeen used asa＄OUrCe

6

Oflivlng materiaI．From19390nWards the ■G［ubokoe
Lake Hydrobio10glCalStat（Onhasbe8naffiliat8dtothe
USSR Acad8myOfSciences and presently belong＄tO
thelnstitute of EvoIutionary AnimaIMorpho10gy andEco10gy．

Anyd宇scussiononthecommunityofth01ak8
Should start fromlts species composition．1n
SPiteofthelengthofstudy，OnLy440speciesof
animals and232species of plant＄have beenrecorded（as publi＄hedin Lake GIubokoe，1987）．Thislisthassubsequentlysupplemented
With，for exampIe，33species of nematods．
Nevertheless，the number of speciesis webeIow that expected for aIake within an
averag8range Ofenvironmentalfactors，Manygroup＄Ofinvertebrates and algae hav8yettO
b8 ＄tUdiod．
1n the cour＄e Of the studies perForned，
informatjon ha＄been accumulated on speci8S
COmPOSition，Water Circulation，hydroGhemicaIfeatur8S，＄edimentation，Plankton dynamics，
benthos d舶tribution，littoralfauna and trophic
int8rrelations．
lnvestigationofanimalremainsinthebottom
Sediments has r8Vealed that the present−day
Planktonic communjty，Whth some fIuctuatjons，
has existedforatleast600years．A dataare
Cited and pub＝＄hedin nationaland oth8T
handbook＄ and treatises．
Th8PreSentreSearChprogrammeisaimedatl）understanding biologicalprocesses of the
Eakeonthe basisnfbio10gJCaIadaptationsand
interrelations；2）periodiGal＄urVeyS Of main
COmmun汁iestargeted atrecordingtheirbio10−
gicaIparametersin their naturalstate；3）inventory of species composition of tha community of
Ru＄＄ianlimnology thus possesses the ability tothelake，reCOrding the appearanc80f new species，
SUPPOrtinvestigationsofwhatappear＄tObethesrna est
irregularlyoccurrlng SPeCiesaswe asthe di＄aPPear−
PermanentIy studiedlakein the world．
anceofspecies；4）morphologicaFand otherstudiesof
Cladocera and of some otherinvertebrates and 5）
RecentresultshavebeenpublishedinafewvoIume＄elucidation ofindividualfeature＄Of thelake．
Of co ected paper＄（containing bibriographies of par−ticuIar papers），and there has aF＄O been a sLJmmary
Recentdi＄CUSSionshavefocusedonthedes［rabilityof
VOlume on thelake．
theinternationalisation of activities of the GIubokoe
Lake HydrobiologlCalStation．ConditFonsatthe＄tation
Ozero GIubokoe byA．P．Shcherbakov，1978，Mos−
remainrathermodest．butpermitafewworkingbenches
COW，379page＄，（In Russian）
and common fac＝tie8．

12 March1991−EnvironmentalProblemsin the USSR
Dr，Soko10V（project coordinator，Centre forlnterna−
tionaIProjects，USSRStateCommitteeforEnvironmen−
taIProtection）and Dr．Leonov（seniorscientific resear−
Cheratthelnstitut8forWaterProbIems，USSRAcademy
OfScience）visit8dShigaPrefecturein connectionwith
theSurveyoftheStateoftheWorld sLakepromotedby
lLECandalsoheldameetingwithsomemembersofthe
Shiga］ndustrialAssociation．

talProtectionhasonryrecentlybeenestabli＄hed，eVery
effortisbeingmadetoimprovethenationalenv汗onmentby statiomng speciaIist＄in areas of need．
The Soviet Union，being such a vast country withdifferentracesandrelIgIOnS，hasmanyprobEemsthatare
UnimaginableinJapan．Despite this great efforls arebeingmadetoovercometheseprobIems．Wewishthem
allthe be5t．

AIthoughthe USSRState CommitteeforEnvironmen・

ForthcomJng Meetings
SecondlnternationalSymposium
Remote Senslng and Space＊HeId from16to18January1992HatYai（Thailand）
ltw川beheldasafo owupofthewell−reCeivedFir＄t
lnternationalSymposium on RemoteSenslnginAugust
1987bythePrinceofSongkhlaUniversity，theFacuEtyof
Engineering in close cooperation with a number ofnationa［andinternationa［institutionsin Thailand．
＊ORGANIZED BY Prince ofSongkhla University（PSU）＊CO−ORGANIZED BY NationalRe＄earCh Counci10f
Thailand（NRCT）
lntemationallnstitute for
A8rOSPaCe Survey and Earth
Science（1TC），the Netherlands
Asian［nstitute of Techno−
10gy（AIT）

Griffith University，and the
University of Queen＄Iand，Au−
Stralia

Managlng Water
Asymposiumong10baland reg10nalwaterresource
managementisto be heId between18and20Novem−
ber・1991atthe Lake Biwa ResearGhInstitute，SMga，Japan・Ten emitate speciali＄t8from aroundtheworld
havebeeninvitedtodi＄CU＄SWaterreSOUrCe＄manage−
ment from both a g10baland reglOnalviewpoint．
Organaized by United Nations EnvironmentalProgramme
Shiga Prefecture，Japan
Co−Organaized bylLEC
Japan Society on Water Environ−
mentlWRA

Japan Society of HydroFogy andWater Resources
UNCRD

Environment Agency
Mini＄try Of Foreign Affairs
Kan＄aiEconomy Federation
Shiga Economy Federation
Reference：The Office for UNEP／lETC．Shiga，Japan
3−4−22Kyomachi，Ot＄u，Shiga520
Te1775−25−3218
Fax775−25−3278

JⅣrE月〃ArJO〃Aエ エA∬E EⅣy上月0〃〟E〃T CO〟〟JTrEE FOUⅣpArJO〃
3422Kyoma⊂hi．Otsu．Shiga520．Japanニゥ孝iel▲：箭三石二iも；も〉宕㍍「三蒜4忘言岩 rこ昌ご■JFax：775231581
Cable：lLEC OTSU

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