Presentation Byz POKHAREL Lekh Nathz Ministry of Home Affairs ,His Majesty's

Government of Nepal.
z Disaster Relief Section Kathmanduz NEPALz Now as a visiting Researcher at ADRC.

My duties and responsibilities
in my countryz Collection and compilation of disaster related datafrom different Parts of the kingdom.
z To provide disaster information data to disasterconcerned agencies.
z To implement disaster related Govt.decisions.
z Allocate the money from Central Disaster Fund toDistrict Disaster Fund.
z Follow up and monitor relief assistance.

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Brief introduction of Nepal
z Southern Asia,between India and China.
z Latitudes of 26 to 30

degree North.

z Longitude of 80 to 88 degree East.
z 147,181 Sq.KMs areas covered.
z Lowest elevation 70 meters and highest 8,848

meters from the Sea level.

Population,Growth rate,andliteracy ratez Near about 22 Million population.
z 2.8% growth rate.
z 39.6% literacy rate.

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Religionsz 90% Hindus.
z 5% Buddhists.
z 3%Muslims.
z 2% Other.

Nepal is famous forz World highest peak Mount Everest.

(8,848 Meters)z Nepalese Gorkha.

(Gorkha Soldiers)z Lord Buddha birth place.

(Lumbini)z Tourist Center.

(Pokhara and other many natural beauty places)3Natural Resources
z Water,z Timber,z Natural beauty,z Iron.

Map of Nepal

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Administratively Divided intoz Five development regions.
z 14 Zones.
z 75 Districts.
z 57 Municipalities and 3,913 VDC.

Physigraphycally Divided intoThree Regions.
z 15% Himalayan regions.
z 68% Mid-hill.
z And 17% Tarai areas.

5Disaster situation in Nepalz Climate and rainfall.
z Major types of disasters .
z Data of last year disasters.

Climate and Rainfall
z Sub-tropical climatez Temperate climatez And Alpine climate.
z 80% of total rainfall takes in monsoon seasons.
z Usually monsoons seasons starts from June 1stweek.
zAnd monsoons end mid of the September.

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Major types of Disasters inNepalz Landslides,z Glacier lake outbursts,
z Floods,z Fires,z Earthquakes,z Epidemics,Avalanches,windstorms etc

Last year 1999
z 1,190 people died by different types of disasters.
z 117 Injured.
z 36,987 Families affected.
z 15,082 Houses destroyed.
z 326.89 Hectors land losses.

7Organizational Structures ofDisaster Management

Budget and resources
Managementz There is one Central Disaster Relief Fund.

z Prime Minister Disaster Relief Fund.

z 25 Million has been allocated by HMG/N in thisfiscal year(1999/2000).
z Home Ministry is a focal point of disastermanagement in Nepal.

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Ministry of Home Affairs is
Central Focal Point ofDisaster Management inNepal

Before joining Asian DisasterReduction Center I had no idea
about
*Why ADRC was established and what are theactivities,and objectives of ADRC?
*How to use computer?
*What is Database system?
*What is VENTEN GIS system?
*And other disaster related activities?

9ADRC

Following are myAchievements during my stayat ADRC.
z Basic knowledge of ADRC Activities andObjectives.
z Computer Knowledge.
z Database System.
z VENTEN Geographical Information Sharing

System.
z And other Activities.

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Where did I visited during mystay at ADRC?

z Ministry of Construction(MOC).
z National Land Agency(NLA).

z Japan Metrological Agency(JMA).
z Foundation of River and Basin Integrate

Communications(FRICS).

Where did I Visited during mystay II
z National Research Institution of Earth Science andDisaster Prevention (NIED).
z

Institute for Hydrosphere-Atmospheric Science(IHASI) Nagoya University.

z Disaster Prevention Research Institution(DPRI)

Kyoto University.
z Nojima Awaji Island (Nojima Fault).
z Yodo River Dam Hirakata city,and Daiogogi

Tl11

From my field visit I learned;
Basic Knowledge of;z Disaster prevention,z Disaster Countermeasures,z Flood and Glacier Lake monitoring system,z Weather forecasting system in Japan,z And fire fighting , fire prevention measures.

What did I learn about ADRC
activities?
z Gathering of information during time of disasters.
z Accumulation and dissemination of information.
z Raise public awareness of disaster reduction in

Asian region.
z Develop Database system.
z VENTEN GIS system andz Promotion of disaster reduction cooperation.

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What did I learn aboutComputer?
•Microsoft Word Excel and Microsoft Power point.

•World wide web system.

•Mail system with Attached file and•

Processing of Graphics.

Database System*Lesson learned from past disasters suchas; Kobe Earthquake,Chinaflood,Urisha
Cyclone etc*Disaster management legal systems*Disaster prevention such as;
Early warning system-Recent Hokkaido
Usu volcano.

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Database System II*Prepared for future disaster;by learning past disasters.
*Information sharing such as;
inputting, disseminating andaccumulating disaster data.
*Systematic collection of disasters
information raw data.

What did I Understand about
VENTEN GIS System?
Objectives of VENTEN;z Main objective of VENTEN GIS isInformation Sharing within 22 ADRC
member Countries.
z This is a platform of information Sharing.

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VENTEN GIS system

What did I understand about
VENTEN GIS System II?
Methods of VENTEN;z Internet GIS,z Analysis geographical information data suchas;population,Airport, Road ,Name of city etc.
z Database system such as;Latest disaster

Information,Past disasters,training,ADRC E-Network etc.

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My focusing will be for
VENTEN system,when I willback to Nepal.
z To providing disaster related data andInformation .
z To providing hazard map.
z To providing basic geographical data.

About VENTEN system
Without any financial contribution Very very
useful for member countries as well as any users.
• Using this system easily we can analysis
geographical data :areas,bridge,road,airport,andother disaster related data from VENTEN GIS
system.
But;
At one time only five users can use over the world.
• Never ending process.
• Expensive for ADRC.
• Difficult to maintain continuously.
•16Knowledge maintain above
will be useful for myself, as
well as His Majesty's
Government of Nepal.
&I will be able to playsignificant role in the field ofDisaster Management.

I will play following role in myCountry as a Disaster
Manager-To Promotion Disaster Management.
-Reduction of Disasters.
- Prevention and-Countermeasures of Disaster- Especially Database System and-Information Sharing System.

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During my stay at ADRC; I
prepared-Nepalese Legal system and Assistances Norms inDisaster Management.
-Challenges of Disaster Management in Nepal andIts solutions.
-Revised CRED Disaster Data.
-A Report on Tsho Rolpa Glacier Lake.
-Great Earthquake in Nepal 1934
&Hanshin-Awaji Earthquake 1995.

A Report of Tsho Rolpa
Glacier Lake Outburst-Glacier Lake found in Himalayan region.
-Continuously pillaging of snow layer.
-Result will be formation of Glacier Lake.
-causes of global changing environment When ahuge amount of ices melt .
-And overflow from the lake, Glacier Lakeoutburst Disaster occurred.

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Nepal is a Himalayan Region
We can found 2 types of Glacier Lakes.
1. Clean type of Glacier Lake.
2. Debris Covered type of Glacier Lake.

Clean type of Glacier Lake

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Debris type of Glacier Lake

Situation of Glacier Lake inNepal-Small and large 159 Glacier lakes.
-Among them 24 are dangerous.
-Tsho Rolpa is one of among 24 dangerous
Lakes.

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Tsho Rolpa-Located eastern part of Nepal.

-4,580 meters from the Sea level.

Location of Tsho Rolpa

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Tsho Rolpa Glacier Lake

Water Volume and Areas-Water Volume estimated 80 million cubic meters.
-Pilling of ices started from 1953.
-In 1953 it was only 15 Sq meters wide.
-And .3 million cubic meter water volume.

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Warned-In 1997 Dr.J.Noredes warned any time Tsho
Rolpa will be burst.
-CNDRC decided to adopt countermeasures.
-Immediately HMG/N formed a Water
Induce Disaster Prevention Committee

Scope and adopted
countermeasures by Water Reduce
Prevention Committee-Reduce the water Volume from the Glacier Lake
-Evacuated the people.
-Adopt early warning system.
-Monitoring system established.

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Trial Siphon System.

Establishment of surveillance
post24

Early warning system bysirens.

Components of the first earlywarning system of Nepal at Tso
Rolpa
Master station

1.

z Glacier lake sensing

2.

z Lake warning monitoring2.

z Glacier lake warning Sirens

19.

z Early warning relay stations

3.

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Provision of Budget-In 1997, 5 Million allocated from Prime
Minister Disaster Fund-

1,218 Million allocated 1997 to 200 fiscal
years from HMG/Nepal.
Next fiscal year Netherlands Govt.will
provide 200 million.

Conclusion
1.Nepal is a land locked country.
2.It is Himalayan Region.
3.Glacier lake outburst is one of the major Disaster.
4.Clean water and Debris water two types of Glacierlakes found in Nepal.
5 Small and large Glacier Lakes are located in Nepal.
5.24 are dangerous them.

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Conclusion
II
6.Tsho Rolpa is a danger Glacier Lake.
7.4,580 meters from sea level.
8.Water volume 80 million cubic meters.
9.1.65 square KMs areas covered.

Conclusion
III
10.Countermeasures adopted by HMG/N-Reduce water volume.
-Evacuated the people.
-First early warning systems introduced.
-Monitoring system established.

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Budget.
-From 1997 to till now 1,718 Million NR

Finally
Database system ,Information Sharing,
Hazard mapping,
Risk analysis,
Effective early warning system,
And Public awareness
Are more needed in Nepal.

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The End of this Chapter

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