Maria Matilde Limpahan Go
Local Government Operations Officer V
Department of the Interior and Local Government
Philippines1

landslides

volcanic eruption

earthquakes

wild fires

floodstsunamiDebris flow2

Coordination mechanisms

Public AwarenessInformation
Management

Integrating
disaster reduction
In development perspectives

Multi-stakeholder
Multi-disciplinary
partnership

Coordination
mechanisms

3

Coordination
mechanisms

Minister of State for DM secures acomprehensive and coordinated DR efforts

Coordination
mechanisms

4Coordination
mechanisms
Central government

Pref. government

Delivery ofbasic services

Minimize loss
And damage
Mun. governments

Public safety
Generalwelfarecountermeasures
Private organizations
Designated public organizations, Designated local, public offices

peopleSupport for evacuation, participation
In drills/training

cooperation

Disaster prevention activities, SAR,
Support measures

Integrating DR
In Development
Perspectives

Earthquake resistantbuildings

Securing water pipings

Earthquake resistantports

Improvement of
Waterworks
ways
Sabo

Sabo works

Diversion of river
channels5Integrating DR
In Development
Perspectives

Anti-seismic measures
for roads & bridges

Debris flow control
dams

Establishment ofMulti-purpose bases

Establishment of emergency
medical systems

E-defense shaking
table
Flood control water gates

Information
management
Data Processing
CenterSafe Evacuation Route6

Public AwarenessPreserving damaged
properties

Conducting drills

Establishment of learning museums

Training/seminars

Community drills

Public AwarenessJapanese Government and the Asian Disaster
Reduction Center worked with ADRRN in publishing anddistributing picture books about Japanese Tsunami
Legend in local languages in 8 Asian countries.
Picture of a village attacked by the Tsunami
of Ansei-Nankai Earthquake (1854)“InamuraInamura-nono-hi”
hi”(Fire on Rice Sheaves)
This is a story of a man who noticed a precursor of a large
tsunami at the earliest stage and led village inhabitants to a highground by burning harvested rice stacks. This story was basedon a true story at the time of Ansei-Nankai Tsunami (1854) andwas printed as a textbook for elementary school.

7

National and local governments
Interfaith groups
Non-government organizations

Private companies
banks

geosciences

economics

Insurance companies

Response groups

community

Mass media

engineering
academePharmaceutical firms

Multi-stakeholder
Multi-disciplinary
partnership

Emergency planning
International community

Multi-stakeholder
Multi-disciplinary
partnership

8Multi-stakeholder
Multi-disciplinary
partnership

Voluntary Disaster Preventing Organizations are encouraged andsupported at the national and local levels. FDMA maintains a list ofmembership. There are around 36,000 VDPO members nationwide.

Multi-stakeholder
partnership

Meteorological satellite
observation data

JDR

9DM FRAMEWORK OF ADRC
inputsoutputs

outcomes

impacts

databases
Info Sharing
Est of ADRC

Regional
Cooperation

Increased
Preparedness

HRD

Vulnerability
reduction

VMG
HFA
Structureprocesses

Dispatch of processes
Experts

Cap. Bldg at
Community
Level

processes

TDRM
Resources

Cooperation
andcollaboration
with partners

volunteerism

Poverty
reduction

Training
Seminars
Survey findings

Community
involvement/
mobilization

PROSPEROUS, SAFE, PEACEFUL AND COMFORTABLE ASIA

10

Establishment of
Background
1}
2}
3}
4}
5}
6}
7}

1987 International Decade for Natural DR
1994 World Conference on Natural DR
1995 Great Hanshin Awaji Earthquake
1995 Ministerial Conference on Natural DR
1996 Asian Experts’ Meeting on Natural DR
1997 Asian Cooperation Promotion Meeting on DR
1998 Establishment of ADRC

prosperous, safe, peaceful andcomfortable asia
multi-national cooperation
sharing of Japan’s rich expertise andexperiencedisaster reduction in Asia

11

Hyogo Framework for Action 2005-2015
Building the Resilience of Nations and Communities to Disasters

Background：Over 200 million people affected by natural disasters every year
Impact of disasters remains a significant challenge to sustainable development

Expected Outcome and Strategic Goals
Expected outcome: substantial reduction of disaster losses
a. More effective integration of disaster risk reduction considerations into sustainable
development policies, planning and programming at all levels
b. Development and strengthening of institutions, mechanisms and capacities at all levels,in particular at the community levelc. Systematic incorporation of risk reduction approaches into the design andimplementation of emergency preparedness, response and recovery programmes

Priorities for action 2005-2015
1. Ensure that disaster risk reduction is a national and a local priority with a strong
institutional basis for implementation
2. Identify, assess and monitor disaster risks and enhance early warning
3. Use knowledge, innovation and education to build a culture of safety and resilience at
all levels
4. Reduce the underlying risk factors
5. Strengthen disaster preparedness for effective response at all levels

Established in July 30, 1998

12

ADRC

Main Activities
Information sharing
Provision of disaster information
Promotion of the GLIDE
Organizing International Meetings

Human Resource
Development
Pakistan
Pakistan

Organizing seminars, workshops andtraining on DR
Program for Inviting Visiting
Researchers from Member
Countries

Capability Building at
Community Level
Development and dissemination oftools for encouraging community
involvement
Assistance to activities of the Asian
Disaster Reduction and Response
Network (ADRRN)

as an observer

13Member Countries:
an Overview• Central Asia
Armenia, Russia, Tajikistan, Kyrgyzstan,
Kazakhzstan, Uzbekistan• South-East Asia
Bangladesh, Cambodia, China, India,
Indonesia, Japan, Laos PDR, Myanmar,
Mongolia, Nepal, Pakistan, Papua New
Guinea, Philippines, Korea Rep,
Singapore, Sri- Lanka, Thailand, Viet
Nam

Country

Government TypeCountry

Government Type

Armenia

republic

Mongolia

Mixedparliamentary/presidential

Bangladesh

Parliamentary democracy

Myanmar

Military junta

CambodiaMulti-party democracy
under constitutionalmonarchy

Nepal

Parliamentary democracy
and constitutionalmonarchy

China

Communist state

Pakistan

Federal republic

India

Federal republic

Papua New Guinea

Constitutional monarchy w/
parliamentary democracy

Indonesia

republic

Philippines

republicJapan

Constitutional monarchy

Russiafederation

Kazakhstan

Republic, authoritarianpresidential rule w/ little
power outside executive
branchSingapore

Parliamentary republic

Kyrgyzstan

republic

Sri Lanka

republic

Korea Reprepublic

Tajikistan

republic

Laos PDR

Communist state

ThailandConstitutional monarchy

Malaysia

Constitutional monarchy

Uzbekistan

Republic, authoritarianpresidential rule w/ little
power outside executive
branchViet Nam

Communist state14

Country

Agriculture%

Industry%

Services%

Per Capita

Republic of Korea

3.60

36.4

60.0

19,200Russia

5.2

35.1

59.8

9, 800

Malaysia

7.3

33.5

59.1

9,700

Kazakhstan

7.7

37.7

54.6

7,800

Thailand

9.8

44.0

46.3

8,100

Philippines

14.5 { 51% 1998}

32.3

53.2

5,000

China

14.8

52.90

32.3

5,600

Indonesia

16.6 {21% 1998}

43.6

39.9

3,500

Sri Lanka

19.9

26.3

53.8

4,000

Mongolia

20.6

21.4

58.0

1,900

Bangladesh

21.7

26.6

51.70

2,000

Viet Nam

21.80 { 25% 1998}

39.7

38.5

2,700

Pakistan

23.3

23.5

53.2

2,200

Armenia

23.4

35.1

41.5

4,600

India

23.6

28.4

48.0

3,100

Tajikistan

30.8

29.10

40.10

1,100

Papua New Guinea

34.0

37.7

28.3

2,200

Cambodia35.0 { 43% 1998}

30.0

35.0

2,000

Uzbekistan

38.0

26.3

35.7

1,800

Kyrgyzstan

38.7

22.9

38.4

1,700

Nepal

40.0

20.0

40.0

1,500

Laos PDR

49.4 { 51% 1998}

24.5

26.1

1,900

Myanmar

57.2

9.6

33.1

1,700

Japan

1.30

25.4

73.3

29,400Singapore

0% negligible

32.2

67.8

27,800NATURAL DISASTERS AFFECTING THE COUNTRIESCountry

FL

EQ

AM

/

/

WS

WV

EP

DR

SL

CN

/

/

CM

/

KR

/

/

LA

/

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/

/

VN

/

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/

/

/

NP

/

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MY

/

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TH

/

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UZ

/

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/

PH

/

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JP

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PK

/

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MM

/

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KZ

/

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/

KG

/

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TJ

/

/

/

ID

/

/

/

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/

/

PG

/

/

/

/

/

/

/

RU

/

/

/

/

/

MN

/

/

/

/

/

BD

/

/

/

/

/

/

IN

/

/

/

/

/

/

/

LK

/

/

/

/

/

/

VO

ET

WF

IN

/

/

/

/

/

/

/

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/

SG

/

/

/

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/

/

FA
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15

Country

Income Classification

HDI Rank
2003

GDI
2003

URBAN

Population

Population Below
Poverty Line

JP

High-income OECDHigh (11)0.937 (14)65.5 (8.7)

SGHigh-income

High (25)

-

100

KR

High-income OECDHigh (28)0.896 (27)48.0 (32.3)

4.00

MY

Upper-middle-income

Medium (61)0.791 (50)63.8 (26.1)

RU

Upper-middle-income

Medium (62)-TH

Lower-middle-income

Medium (73)KZ

Lower-middle-income

AM

Indebtedness

Population Rank

Not classified

127,417,244 (11)Not classified

4,425,720 (121)

Not classified

48,640,671 (25)8.00

Moderately indebted

23,953,136 (47)73.3 (6.9)

25.0Moderately indebted

143,420,309 (9)0.774 (57)32.0 (8.2)

10.4

Moderately indebted

64,185,502 (20)Medium (80)0,759 (61)55.9 (3.7)

26.0Moderately indebted

15,185,844 (62)Lower-middle-income

Medium (83)0.756 (62)64.5 ( 1.5)

50.0

Less indebted

2,982,904 (135)PH

Lower-middle-income

Medium (84)0.755 (63)69.2 (8.2)

40.0Moderately indebted

87,857,473 (13)CN

Lower-middle-income

Medium (85)0.754 (64)49.5 (10.9)

10.00

LK

Lower-middle-income

Medium (93)0.747 (66)22.5 (1.4)

22.0Moderately indebted

20,064,776 (54)VN

Low-income

Medium (108)0.702 (83)25.8 (6.9)

37.0Less indebted

83,535,576 (14)KG

Low-income

Medium (109)0.700 (85)34.0 (-3.9)

50.0

Severely indebted

5,146,281 (113)ID

Lower-middle-income

Medium (110)0.691 (87)45.5 (26.2)

27.0

Severely indebted

241,973,879 (5)UZ

Low-income

Medium (111)0.692 (86)36.7 (2.4)

Moderately indebted

26,851,195 (43)MN

Low-income

Medium (114)

0.677 (90)56.8 (8.1)

33.0Moderately indebted

2,791,272 (137)

TJ

Low-income

Medium (122)0.650 (93)24.8( -10.7)

60.0

Severely indebted

7,163,506(98)IN

Low-income

Medium (127)0.586 (98)28.3 (7)25.0Less indebted

1,080,264,388 (2)MM

Low-income

Medium (129)-29.5 (5.6)

25.0

Severely indebted

46,996,558 (26)KH

Low-income

Medium (130)0.567 (99)18.6 (8.3)

36.0Moderately indebted

13,636,398(63)LA

Low-income

Medium (133)0.540 (102)20.7 (9.6)

40.0

Severely indebted

6,217,141 (103)PK

Low-income

Medium (135)

0.508 (107)34.1 (7.7)

35.0Moderately indebted

162,419,946(7)NP

Low-income

Medium (136)0.511 (106)

15 (10)42.0

Moderately indebted

27,676,547 (4)PG

Low-income

Medium (137)

0.518 (103)13.2 (1.3)

37.0

Severely indebted

5,545,268 (107)BD

Low-income

COUNTRY

1,306,313,812 (1)Medium World(139)
0.514 (105)24.3 (14.4)
Sources:Bank
Statistics,
UNDP, 35.6
IDB, World Atlas Less indebted

144,319,628 (8)DM POLICY

NATIONAL ACTION PLAN

FOCAL POINT

Indonesia

Pres. Decree No. 28 (1979): latest
Amendment: PD No., 3 (2001)

5-year Development Plan

National Coordinating Body for
Disaster and IDP Management(BAKORNAS PBP)Japan

Disaster Countermeasures Basic
Act (1961)

Basic Disaster Management Plan

Central Disaster Management
CouncilArmenia

Law on Protection of Populationin Emergency Situations (1998)
Law on Civil Defense (2002)

Protection of Population in
Emergencies 2000-2004

National Survey for Seismic
Protection Agency , Ministry of
Territorial Administration
Emergency Management
Administration

China

Law on Water and Soil
Conservation
Law on Earthquake Prevention
and Disaster Reduction
Law on Fire-Fighting
Meteorological Law
Law on Production Safety
Regulation on Forest FireFighting
Regulation on Preventing Forest
Pests
Regulation on Safety
Management of Dangerous
Chemicals

National Natural Disaster
Reduction Plan (1998 -2010)

China Commission forInternational Disaster Reduction

Kazakhstan

Law on Civil Defense
Law on Emergency Situations of
a Natural and Technological
Character

Comprehensive Kazakhstan
Natural Disaster Preparedness
Plan

Agency for Emergencies

Nepal

Disaster Relief Act (1982)
amended 1989 and 1992

National Comprehensive Plan on
Disaster Management

Central Natural Disaster Relief
Committee(Regional, District, Local DNDRC)

Laos PDR

Prime Minister’s Decree No. 158(1999 )

National Disaster Management
Action Plan 2020

National Disaster Management
Office (NDMO)

16

Country

DM Policy

National Action Plan

Focal Point

Singapore

Civil Defense Act 1986
Fire Safety Act 1993
Civil Defense Shelter Act
1997

Executive Group Plan(consists of 16 specificaction plans on various
disaster types)

Ministry of Home Affairs

Thailand

Civil Defense Act (1979)

Disaster Countermeasures
Five Year Plan integrated in
the National Dev”t Plan
Civil Defense Plan

Department of Disaster
Prevention and Mitigation(DDPM), Ministry of Interior
National Safety Council

Tajikistan

Civil Defense Act (1986)

Annual Civil Defense Plan

Ministry of Emergency
Situations

Viet Nam

Decree No. 168-HDBT (1990)
of the Council of Ministers

Second Strategy and Action
Plan for Disaster
Management and Mitigation(2001-2020)

Central Committee for Stormand Flood Control

Korea Republic

Natural Disaster
Countermeasures Act, Act
on Countermeasures (1995)
Agricultural and Fishery
Disasters, Disaster Relief
Act (1995)
Disaster Relief Act(1962)
Disaster and Safety
Management Basic Law(2004)

Basic Five-Year Disaster
Prevention Plan
Yearly Disaster Prevention
Action Plan
Disaster Prevention
Operational Plan
( government agencies andpublic institutions)

National Emergency
Management Agency (NEMA),
Ministry ofGovernment Administrationand Home Affairs

India

No specific legal bases

National Contingency Action
Plan ( updated annually)
Vision 2020 Development
Plan

National Crisis Management
Committee

Cambodia

Civil Defense Act (1993)
New version for approval byCouncil of Ministers

2002-2003 Action Plan

National Committee forDisaster Management

Country

DM Policy

National Action Plan

Focal Point

Bangladesh

Draft National Policy on
Disaster Mgt (still underdeliberation

Interim Poverty Reduction
Strategy Paper with Disaster
Vulnerability and Risk
Management as Annex 9

National Disaster
Management Council
Inter –ministerial Disaster
Management Coordination
Committee
National Disaster
Management Advisory
Committee

Mongolia

Law on Disaster Protection( 2003 )National Program on thePrevention ofDesertification
National Program on Weather
ChangesNational Programon Forestry

National Disaster
Management Agency

Malaysia

National Security Council
Directive no. 20 Policy andMechanism for National
Disaster Management andRelief5-year Development Plan

National Security Division(NSD), Prime Minister
Department
Disaster Management andRelief Committee (Federal,
State and District levels)

Philippines

PD No. 1566 (1978)

National Calamities andDisaster Preparedness Plan

National Disaster
Coordinating Council
Local Disaster Coordinating
Councils (regional, provincial,city/municipal, barangay)

Uzbekistan

Law on Protection of the
Population Against Acts of
Nature and TechnologicalAccidents (1998)

Uzbekistan Development Plan

Department of Emergency
Situations, Cabinet Office

Kyrgyzstan

17

Country

DM Policy

National Action Plan

Focal Point

Sri Lanka

Disaster Countermeasures
Bill (under deliberation

Basic Plan for Disaster
Countermeasures

National Disaster
Management Center (1996)
Disaster Management
Committee for large scaledisasters

RussiaLaw on Protection of
Territories against Disastersof Natural and TechnologicalOriginLaw on Disaster Relief
Law on Civil Defense
Law on Deliveries for theFederal State Needs
Law on State reserves ofMaterial Assets for Response
to Disasters

Disaster Preparedness Plan

Ministry of the RussianFederation for Civil Defense,
Emergencies and Eliminationof Consequences of Natural
Disasters

Pakistan

The National Calamities(Prevention and Relief) Act,
1958:
Local Government Ordinance
2001
Environmental Legislations
Emergency Services
Ordinance, 2002 (draft)

Ten-Year Perspective
Development Plan (20012011)

Federal Flood Commission(FFC), Emergency Relief Cell
(ERC) and
PakistanMeteorological
Department

Papua New Guinea

National Disaster Act (1987)

National Disaster
Management plan (1987)

National Disaster Committee(NDC)

Myanmar

Guideline of State Peace andDevelopment Council’s
Security and Management

Disaster Reduction Plan

Central Committee for
Natural Disaster Prevention,
Relief and Resettlement(Divisional and TownshipCommittees)18

Most of the countries have national policies, plansand organizations for disaster management
National policies recognized that DM
is not only government’s responsibility
Implementation methods of disaster reduction
efforts vary due to different forms of governance
Most countries recognized the importance ofregional cooperation in disaster management

19

January, 2006 Submit a detailed report to DILG
and NDCC
January, 2006 Discuss with partners in the
NDCC-TMG possible
collaborative project with ADRC
on CBDRM
In every
opportunity

Re-echo lessons learnt withcolleagues in DILG & NDCC-TMG
thru for a/workshops

Wheneverpossible

Integrate TDRM concepts in thepolicy formulation, program
development

In every
opportunity

Advocate support of LGUs to
CBDM activities

In every
opportunity

Integration of DRM in local
development planning guidelines2021