The phrase “Son of God” is found many times in the New Testament where it refers to Jesus.
In the essay that follows, we trace the occurrence of this name in the Old Testament, and uncover afascinating connection between Jesus’ mission and the events in Enoch’s time.

“Son of God”
This phrase “Son of God” occurs 41 times in the New Testament, and NOT EVEN ONCE in the Old
Testament, which is quite odd since you might expect such an important and frequent title to have somemention in the Old Testament.
However, the phrase “Sons of God”, where Sons is in the plural, does occur in the Old Testament, but it only
occurs in one place - Genesis Chapter 6“the sons of God saw that the daughters of men were beautiful, and they married any of them theychose.”
Genesis 6v2“The Nephilim were on the earth in those days—and also afterward—when the sons of God went to thedaughters of men and had children by them. They were the heroes of old, men of renown.”
Genesis 6v4
According to Jewish tradition, the “Sons of God” of Genesis 6 were angels. These angels rebelled against
God. They mated with human females, giving them children. Thus the women became pregnant not by a man
but by a spiritual being.
The context of these verses is important. The Bible tells us that these events occurred some generations after
the creation of Adam, when men began to increase in number upon the earth.
The Sons of God and their offspring spread corruption and violence, and man’s wickedness became great
until every thought of his heart was only evil all the time. As a consequence, God decided to “wipe mankind
from the face of the earth” with a great Flood.

References to Genesis 6 in the New Testament

There are several references in the New Testament to the events described in Genesis 6.
“For Christ died for sins once for all, the righteous for the unrighteous, to bring you to God. He wasput to death in the body but made alive by the Spirit, through whom also he went and preached to thespirits in prison who disobeyed long ago when God waited patiently in the days of Noah while the ark
was being built”
1 Peter 3 v 18
“For if God did not spare the angels when they sinned, but sent them to hell, putting them into
gloomy dungeons, to be held for judgement, if he did not spare the ancient world when he brought theflood on it’s ungodly people…”
2 Peter 2 v 4“And the angels who did not keep their positions of authority but abandoned their own home – thesehe has kept in darkness, bound in everlasting chains for judgement on the great Day.”
Jude 1 v 6“Enoch, the seventh from Adam, prophecied about these men: “See, the Lord is coming withthousands upon thousands of his holy ones to judge everyone, and to convict all the ungodly of all theungodly acts they have done in the ungodly way, and of all the harsh words ungodly sinners havespoken against him.”
Jude 1 v 14
What is interesting here is that Jude and Peter are quoting word for word from an ancient book of prophecy –a book that was quite ancient even in Jesus’ time – the Book of Enoch.
The Book of Enoch is not part of our Bible today, yet we see that the Apostles regarded it as true and worthyof quoting.
It should be stressed that the Book of Enoch predates Christianity. Copies of it have been found among theDead Sea Scrolls (second century B.C.) and, as we have seen, it was quoted as authoritative by Peter and theApostles so it must have already been established before Christian times.

The Book of Enoch
So what does the Book of Enoch say? …The Book of Enoch goes into greater depth in describing the eventsof Genesis 6. It describes the rebellion of the angels, how they took human wives, and taught people secrets
such as weapon making. It describes how the angels corrupted mankind and spread violence across the globe.
Then, in the seventh generation after Adam (in the time of Enoch), God intervened and cast the angels into
prison – to await judgement after seventy generations. God also decided to wipe the earth clean of theiroffspring and, in the tenth generation after Adam, He brought a flood upon the earth. Here is God’s
judgement in full

God’s judgement upon the angels
1

Then the Most High, the Great and Holy One spoke, 2and sent Arsayalalyur (12) to the son of Lamech,saying, Say to him in my name, Conceal yourself. 4Then explain to him the consummation which isabout to take place; for all the earth shall perish; the waters of a deluge shall come over the wholeearth, and all things which are in it shall be destroyed. 5And now teach him how he may escape, andhow his seed may remain in all the earth.

36Again the Lord said to Raphael, Bind Azazyel hand and foot; cast him into darkness; and opening
the desert which is in Dudael, cast him in there. 7Throw upon him hurled and pointed stones,
covering him with darkness; 8There shall he remain for ever; cover his face, that he may not see thelight. 9And in the great day of judgment let him be cast into the fire.
10

Restore the earth, which the angels have corrupted; and announce life to it, that I may revive it.
All the sons of men shall not perish in consequence of every secret, by which the Watchers havedestroyed, and which they have taught, their offspring. 12All the earth has been corrupted by theeffects of the teaching of Azazyel. To him therefore ascribe the whole crime.
11

13

To Gabriel also the Lord said, Go to the bastards, (13) to the reprobates, to the children of
fornication; and destroy the children of fornication, the offspring of the Watchers, from among men;bring them forth, and excite them one against another. Let them perish by mutual slaughter; forlength of days shall not be theirs. 14They shall all entreat you, but their fathers shall not obtain theirwishes respecting them; for they shall hope for eternal life, and that they may live, each of them,
five hundred years.
15

To Michael likewise the Lord said, Go and announce his crime to Samyaza, and to the others who
are with him, who have been associated with women, that they might be polluted with all theirimpurity. And when all their sons shall be slain, when they shall see the perdition of their beloved,bind them for seventy generations underneath the earth, even to the day of judgment, and of
consummation, until the judgment, the effect of which will last for ever, be completed. 16Then shallthey be taken away into the lowest depths of the fire in torments; and in confinement shall they be
shut up for ever. 17Immediately after this shall he, (14) together with them, burn and perish; they shallbe bound until the consummation of many generations.

We see that the judgement was three-pronged
1. It involved the destruction of the works of the fallen angels by a great Flood.
“the waters of a deluge shall come over the whole earth, and all things which are in it shall be
destroyed.”
2. It involved a reduction of lifespan for the people who had followed the fallen angels.
“for length of days shall not be theirs. 14They shall all entreat you, but their fathers shall not obtain
their wishes respecting them; for they shall hope for eternal life, and that they may live, each ofthem, five hundred years.”

3. It involved casting the fallen angels into a prison “underneath the earth” where they were to be boundfor SEVENTY generations, until Judgement Day”bind them for seventy generations underneath the earth, even to the day of judgment, and of
consummation, until the judgment, the effect of which will last for ever, be completed.”1. The Flood
The Flood was God’s judgement upon Adam’s world. And it was timed with meticulous precision.
According to the Bible, the Flood occurred 1656 years after the Creation Week. The Bible provides a detailed
chronology from Adam to Noah, listing the birth of each patriarch and the age at which he had children. The
Bible is VERY CLEAR – there were 1656 years from Adam to the Flood.
Now here is something that has remained hidden from the time of Noah until now, something that has been
overlooked..
From Adam’s creation until the Flood = 1656 years
Now, there are 365.256 days in a year.
So 1656 years = 1656 x 365.256 days = 777.7 x 777.77 days.

(The sidereal year is the time taken for the Earth to complete one revolution of its orbit, as measured
against a fixed frame of reference (such as the fixed stars). Its duration in SI days of 86,400 SI seconds
each is on average: 365.256 363 051 days)
This is interesting.


The world was created in 7 days.
And it was destroyed after 777.7 x 777.77 days.

Note the precision and perfect timing of the Flood. When man’s sin had reached it’s full measure, and things
had reached completion, God brought judgment upon that world.
The number seven symbolizes a complete cycle from beginning to end.
This brings to mind a saying of Jesus. When his disciples asked him how many times he should forgive
someone who sinned against him, he replied “not seven, but seventy seven times”.
God was patient in the days of Noah. He waited “not seven, but seven hundred and seventy seven times
seven hundred and seventy seven times”
How remarkable is this !

2. Lifespan
The Bible tells us that in ancient times there was a paradise upon this earth, and people are said to have lived
for 1000 years. The earth provided abundant food for them, so they did not need to toil or work much toprovide for sustenance.
However, in the tenth generation after Adam a great flood overwhelmed the earth, destroying the Garden of
Eden, and human life span declined to its current length of about 70 years.
The story of this paradise, and the fall from it, occupy the first nine chapters of Genesis. It seems a farfetched story, so removed from our present conditions – almost as if it was a different world. Consequently it
is easy to dismiss this story as a myth – that is until you become aware of a rather intriguing pattern hidden in
the Bible account.

Adams Line
The Book of Genesis, in the Hebrew Bible, begins with the creation of Adam - the first man.
Having described the creation of mankind, the Bible proceeds to describe the generations that descended
from Adam together with the life spans of each generation. These details are given in Genesis Chapter 5 "This is the written account of Adam's line.
When God created man, he made him in the likeness of God. He created them male and female; at thetime they were created, he blessed them and called them 'man'.
When Adam had lived 130 years, he had a son in his own likeness, in his own image; and he names
him Seth. After Seth was born, Adam lived 800 years and had other sons and daughters. Altogether,
Adam lived 930 years, and then he died.
When Seth had lived 105 years, he became the father of Enosh. And after he became the father ofEnosh, Seth lived 807 years and had other sons and daughters. Altogether, Seth lived 912 years, andthen he died.
When Enosh had lived 90 years, he became the father of Kenan. And after he became the father of
Kenan, Enosh lived 815 years and had other sons and daughters. Altogether, Enosh lived 905 years,
and then he died.
When Kenan had lived 70 years, he became the father of Mahalalel. And after he became the father ofMahalalel, Kenan lived 840 years and had other sons and daughters. Altogether, Kenan lived 910
years and then he died.
When Mahalalel had lived 65 years, he became the father of Jared. And after he became the father of
Jared, Mahalalel lived 830 years and had other sons and daughters. Altogether Mahalalel lived 895
years, and then he died.
When Jared had lived 162 years, he became the father of Enoch. And after he became the father ofEnoch, Jared lived 800 years and had other sons and daughters. Altogether Jared lived 962 years,
and then he died.

When Enoch had lived 65 years, he became the father of Methuselah. And after he became the fatherof Methuselah, Enoch walked with God 300 years and had other sons and daughters. Altogether
Enoch lived 365 years. Enoch walked with God; then he was no more, because God took him away.
When Methuselah had lived 187 years, he became the father of Lamech. And after he became thefather of Lamech, Methuselah lived 782 years and had other sons and daughters. Altogether
Methuselah lived 969 years and then he died.
When Lamech had lived 182 years, he had a son. He named him Noah and said, 'He will comfort us
in the labour and painful toil of our hands caused by the ground the LORD has cursed'. After Noah
was born, Lamech lived 595 years and had other sons and daughters. Altogether Lamech lived 777
years, and then he died.
After Noah was 500 years old, he became the father of Shem, Ham and Japheth."
After describing the Flood, the Bible proceeds to list the generations that descended from Noah down until
Abraham.
"Two years after the flood, when Shem was 100 years old, he became the father of Arphaxad. And
after he became the father of Arphaxad, Shem lived 500 years and had other sons and daughters.
When Arphaxad had lived 35 years, he became the father of Shelah. And after he became the father ofShelah, Arphaxad lived 403 years and had other sons and daughters.
When Shelah had lived 30 years, he became the father of Eber. And after he became the father of
Eber, Shelah lived 403 years and had other sons and daughters.
When Eber had lived 34 years, he became the father of Peleg. And after he became the father ofPeleg, Eber lived 430 years and had other sons and daughters.
When Peleg had lived 30 years, he became the father of Reu. And after he became the father of Reu,
Peleg lived 209 years and had other sons and daughters.
When Reu had lived 32 years, he became the father of Serug. And after he became the father of Serug,
Reu lived 207 years and had other sons and daughters.
When Serug had lived 30 years, he bacame the father of Nahor. And after he became the father ofNahor, Serug lived 200 years and had other sons and daughters.
When Nahor had lived 29 years, he became the father of Terah. And after he became the father ofTerah, Nahor lived 119 years and had other sons and daughters.
After Terah had lived 70 years, he became the father of Abram, Nahor and Haran.....Terah lived 205
years, and he died in Haran.
Abraham was 100 years old when his son Isaac was born. Abraham's wife Sarah lived to be 127
years old. (Genesis 23). Altogether Abraham lived 175 years (Genesis 25v7).
Isaac had a son named Jacob. Altogether Isaac lived 180 years (Genesis 35 v 28)

Jacob had 12 sons - Reuben, Simeon, Levi, Judah, Issachar, Zebulun, Gad, Asher, Joseph, Benjamin,
Dan, Naphtali - who were the fathers of the 12 tribes of Israel. Altogether Jacob lived 147 years(Genesis 47 v 28)
Joseph had two sons - Manasseh and Ephraim. Altogether Joseph lived 110 years (Genesis 50 v 26)
149 years after the death of Joseph, Moses was born. Moses lived 120 years altogether (Deuteronomy
34 v 7)After the death of Moses, Joshua led the people of Israel. Altogether Joshua lived 110 years. (Joshua
24 v 29).
Here is a table summarizing the lifespan and generation length of each of the descendents of Adam
PATRIARCH

LIFE SPAN

GENERATION

Eber

464 years

34 years

Adam

930 years

130 years

Peleg

239 years

30 years

Seth912 years

105 years

Reu

239 years

32 years

Enosh905 years

90 years

Serug

230 years

30 years

Kenan

910 years

70 years

Nahor

148 years

29 years

Mahalalel

895 years

65 years

Terah

205 years

71 years

Jared

962 years

162 years

Abram

175 years

100 years

Enoch

365 years

65 years

Isaac

180 years

40 years

Methuselah

969 years

187 years

Jacob

148 years

85 years

Lamech777 years

182 years

Joseph110 years

37 years

Noah

950 years

500 years

Moses

120 years

Shem

600 years

100 years

Joshua110 years

Arphaxad

438 years

35 years

Shelah433 years

30 years

An Exponential Decrease
With each successive generation after Noah, the lifespan decreases steadily, until after 20
generations it reaches it’s current length of 70 years.
What is remarkable about the Bible data is that the rate of decline is rapid at first - then the
decline gradually slows down until it tapers off. This is exactly how real processes wind downin nature, strongly suggesting that the records describe a real process that actually took place.
950......
900..............................
850
800
750
700
650
600
550
500
450
400
350
................................................
300
250..................
200
150
100
..............................
50..................
0
Notice how each successive downward step becomes broader and shallower. This is a perfect
example of a natural “running-down” or dissipation.
The gradient of the decline in longevity gets progressively shallower Noah to Shemdrop of 350 years in one generation

Gradient = 350:1

Shem to Arphaxad

drop of 162 years in one generation

Gradient = 162:1

Arphaxad to Pelegdrop of 200 years in 3 generations

Gradient = 66:1

Peleg to Nahor

drop of 80 years in 3 generations

Gradient = 27:1

Nahor to Joseph

drop of 51 years in 5 generations

Gradient = 10:1

The fall in lifespan is rapid at first, then it gradually slows down with each passing generation.
This can be seen clearly in the graph above

Witnessed by 19 generations over 900 years
Note that prior to Noah, the longevity of a person was approximately 1000 years , and the time
between successive generations was approximately 100 years.
After the time of Noah, there was a slow decrease in longevity so that the lifespan decreased
from 1000 years to 120 years and the time between successive generations decreased to about
30 years. This slow decrease took place over a 900 year period between 2348 B.C. and 1453
B.C.
Such a slow decline in the lifespan of people over such a long period of time would certainly
have been noted in the histories of people around the globe. Most historical events of note maylast a day or even a year - but here we have a universal decline in longevity lasting 900 years
that would have been witnessed universally by 19 generations of people.
It should be remembered that longevity is not an abstract thing, but affects and impinges on thesmallest details of a persons life. If people lived longer in the past, then we would expect awhole host of smaller details about their lives to be consistent with it - for example –Abraham's wife was very beautiful and attractive to the Egyptians even though she was
75 years old
Abraham fought in battles and won at an age of 75
Abraham's wife had a child when she was 100 years oldGreater longevity would affect every aspect of society and personal life - and we would expect
such a phenomena to be reflected in a myriad of small details such as these.
Over a period of 900 years, such small details would have been witnessed and recorded over andover again by different civilizations around the world.
We should realize the importance of what the Bible is claiming here. It is worth repeating. The
Bible is claiming that over a period of 900 years there was a steady decline in lifespan that was
witnessed by 19 generations and, by inference, was witnessed worldwide. The Bible is making
the most incredible claim and simultaneously saying that it was witnessed by EVERY SINGLEPERSON ON EARTH over a 900 YEAR PERIOD. Wow, this has to be the best opportunity
ever to test a Bible claim.
If we search the recorded history of the most ancient civilizations, what will we find? .............

Hinduism
The Hindus believe that the history of our world divides into 4 ages or Yugas –
1.
2.
3.
4.

Satya Yuga – life span is a matter of choice
Treta Yuga – life span is 10,000 years
Dwapara Yuga – life span is 1000 years
Kali Yuga – life span is 120 years

We are currently living in the Kali Yuga. In fact the Hindus have a very specific date for the
beginning of the Kali Yuga. The Puranic tradition is that the Kali Yuga began when Krishna, thegreat hero of the Mahabharata War, left the earth. The Mahabharata War took place in 3139
B.C. and Krishna departed in 3102 B.C.
During the previous Dwapara Yuga people had life spans of 1000 years,“The living and moral standard of the people overall in the Dvapara Yuga drops
immensely from the Treta Yuga. The average life expectancy of humans begins to fall to
only 1,000 years in this era because of neglect of the Varnashram, Vedas and Yagyas.”
WIKIPEDIA
but during the Kali Yuga life span diminished to 120 years
It is interesting that the date for commencement of the Kali Yuga coincides exactly with thegeneration of Enoch in the Bible (Enoch lived 365 years until 3013 B.C) !!
According to the Indian traditions, at the end of the third age (end of the Dwapar Yuga) the
Asuras (demons) took the form of human warriors. The records refer to them as demons inhuman form. They instigated a great war – the Mahabharat War. This war is itself a fascinating
episode in Indian history. According to the Indian records, this war occurred in 3139 B.C. andwas fought between the 5 sons of Pandu and 100 sons of the Asuras (demons). During this 18day war the death-toll came to over 4,000,000.
Krishna incarnated during this war to combat the Asuras. After the war, in 3102 B.C. Krishna
ascended to heaven and the Kali Yuga began.
Soon afterwards a catastrophic rain, storm and sea deluge, that lasted for seven days, totallydrowned and destroyed Dwarika town. This catastrophe was also recorded in Babylonia’s
ancient town Ur (Noah’s flood) and the ancient Mayan records. The dates of both are the same.
This is extraordinary. We have
1. a record of a substantial decrease in longevity
2. of the correct magnitude – falling from 1000 years down to 120 years
3. taking place at the beginning of the Kali Yuga, which dates precisely within Enoch’s
generation
4. followed by a catastrophic flood
It is an almost perfect confirmation of Genesis 6

Chronology of Kings of Indraprastha
From Hindupedia, the Hindu Encyclopedia
The kingdom of Indraprastha was ruled by Hindus for 124 generations for a period of 4,157
years, 9 months and 14 days between the event of Mahabharata and the beginning of the Mughal
era in 1193 AD. Below is the list of Kings that ruled Indraprastha during this period.

Here is a reprint of the king list in full.
Lineage of Kings of Indraprastha
30 generations of Raja Yudhisthir ruled Indraprastha for a total of 1770 years, 11 months and 10
days as follows:1

King/Queen

Years

Month

Days

Raja Yudhisthir

36

8

25

2

Raja Parikshit

60

0

0

3

Raja Janmejay

84

7

23

5

Dwateeyram

88

2

8

6

Kshatramal

81

11

27

7

Chitrarath

75

3

18

8

Dushtashailya

75

10

24

9

Raja Ugrasain

78

7

21

10

Raja Shoorsain

78

7

21

11

Bhuwanpati

69

5

5

12

Ranjeet

65

10

4

13

Shrakshak

64

7

4

14

Sukhdev

62

0

24

15

Narharidev

51

10

2

16

Suchirath

42

11

2

17

Shoorsain II

58

10

8

18

Parvatsain

55

8

10

19

Medhawi

52

10

10

20

Soncheer

50

8

21

21

Bheemdev

47

9

20

22

Naraharidev

45

11

23

23

Pooranmal

44

8

7

24

Kardavi

44

10

8

25

Alamamik

50

11

8

26

Udaipal

38

9

0

27

Duwanmal

40

10

26

28

Damaat

32

0

0

29

Bheempal

58

5

8

30

Kshemak

48

11

21

Vishwa, the prime minister of Kshemak, killed Kshemak and took over the kingdom. Fourteen
generations of Vishwa ruled for 500 years, 3 Month and 17 days as follows:1

King/Queen

Years

Month

Days

Vishwa

17

3

29

2

Purseni

42

8

21

3

Veerseni

52

10

7

4

Anangshayi

47

8

23

5

Harijit

35

9

17

6

Paramseni

44

2

23

7

Sukhpatal

30

2

21

8

Kadrut

42

9

24

9

Sajj

32

2

14

10

Amarchud

27

3

16

11

Amipal

22

11

25

12

Dashrath

25

4

12

13

Veersaal

31

8

11

14

Veersaalsen

47

0

14

Veersaalsen was killed by his prime minister Veermaha whose 16 generations ruled for 445
years, 5 months and 3 days as follows:

King/Queen

Years

Month

Days

1

Raja Veermaha

35

10

8

2

Ajitsingh

27

7

19

3

Sarvadatta

28

3

10

4

Bhuwanpati

15

4

10

5

Veersen

21

2

13

6

Mahipal

40

8

7

7

Shatrushaal

26

4

3

8

Sanghraj

17

2

10

9

Tejpal

28

11

10

10

Manikchand

37

7

21

11

Kamseni

42

5

10

12

Shatrumardan

8

11

13

13

Jeevanlok

28

9

17

14

Harirao

26

10

29

15

Veersen II

35

2

20

16

Adityaketu

23

11

13

Raja Dandhar of Prayaag killed Adityaketu of Magadh. 9 generations of Dhandhar ruled
Indraprastha for 374 years, 11 month and 26 days as follows:

King/Queen

Years

Month

Days

1

Raja Dhandhar

23

11

13

2

Maharshi

41

2

29

3

Sanrachhi

50

10

19

4

Mahayudha

30

3

8

5

Durnath

28

5

25

6

Jeevanraj

45

2

5

7

Rudrasen

47

4

28

8

Aarilak

52

10

8

9

Rajpal3600Rajpal was killed by Samant Mahanpal who ruled for 14 years. Later Mahanpal was killed by
Vikramaditya of Ujjain (called Avantika). Vikrmaditya ruled for 93 years. He was later killed by
Samudrapal yogi of Paithan. 16 generations of Samudrapal ruled for 372 years, 4 months and 27
days as follows:1

King/Queen

Years Month Days

Samudrapal

54

2

20

2

Chandrapal

36

5

4

3

Sahaypal

11

4

11

4

Devpal

27

1

28

5

Narsighpal

18

0

20

6

Sampal

27

1

17

7

Raghupal

22

3

25

8

Govindpal

27

1

17

9

Amratpal

36

10

13

10 Balipal

12

5

27

11 Mahipal

13

8

4

12 Haripal

14

8

4

11

10

13

14 Madanpal

17

10

19

15 Karmpal

16

2

2

16 Vikrampal

24

11

13

13

Seespal (also mentioned as Bhimpal in someliterature)Raja Vikrampal attacked Malukhchand Bohra in the west. Vikrampal was killed by
Malukhchand Bohra (from west) in the war. 16 generations of Malukhchand ruled for 191 years,
1 month and 16 days as follows:

King/Queen

Years

Month

Days

1

Malukhchand

54

2

10

2

Vikramchand

12

7

12

3

Manakchand

10

0

5

4

Ramchand

13

11

8

5

Harichand

14

9

24

6

Kalyanchand

10

5

4

7

Bhimchand

16

2

9

8

Lovchand

26

3

22

9

Govindchand

31

7

12

10

Rani Padmavati

1

0

0

Rani Padmavati was the wife of Govindchand. She had no child. So her advisors appointed
Hariprem Vairagi for the throne. 4 generations of Harimprem ruled for 50 years, 0 month and 12days as follows:

King/Queen

Years

Month

Days

1

Hariprem

7

5

16

2

Govindprem

20

2

8

3

Gopalprem

15

7

28

4

Mahabahu

6

829

Mahabahu took sanyas. Hearing the news of his sanyas, Adhisen of Bengal attacked and took
over the kingdom of Indraprastha. His lineage ruled for 151 years, 11 months, 2 days.

King/Queen

Years

Month

Days

1

Raja Adhisen

18

5

21

2

Vilavalsen

12

4

2

3

Keshavsen

15

7

12

4

Madhavsen

12

4

2

5

Mayursen

20

11

27

6

Bhimsen

5

10

9

7

Kalyansen

4

8

21

8

Harisen

12

0

25

9

Kshemsen

8

11

15

10

Narayansen

2

2

29

11

Lakshmisen

26

10

0

12

Damodarsen

11

5

19

Damodarsen mistreated his umrao Deepsingh who with the help of army revolted and killed
Damodarsen. 6 generations of Deepsingh ruled for 107 years, 6 months and 22 days as follows:

King/Queen

Years

Month

Days

1

Deepsingh

17

1

26

2

Rajsingh

14

5

0

3

Ransingh

9

8

11

4

Narsingh

45

0

15

5

Harisingh

13

2

29

6

Jeevansingh

8

0

1

Jeevansingh sent his army to the north for some reason. Hearing this news, Prithviraj Chauhan
of Vairat attacked Indraprash and killed Jeevansingh. 5 generations of Prathviraj ruled for 86
years, 0 month and 20 days as follows:

King/Queen

Years

Month

Days

1

Prathviraj

12

2

19

2

Abhayapal

14

5

17

3

Durjanpal

11

4

14

4

Udayapal

11

7

3

5

Yashpal36

427

Sultan Shahbuddin Gauri from Garh Gazni attacked raja Yashpal and imprisoned him in the fortof Prayaag in Vikram Sanvat 1249 (1193 AD). 53 Gauri generations ruled for 745 years, 1Month and 17 days.
ReferencesSatyartha Prakash by Swami Dayananda Saraswati
Source of Satyartha Prakash : A fortnightly magazine Harishchandrika andMohanchandrika published from Srinathdware in Udaipur-Chittoregarh in Rajasthan in
Vikram Sanvat 1939. The editor of this magazine translated this information fromanother Sanskrit book published in Vikram Sanvat 1782 (1726 AD).
Conversion from Vikram Samvat to A.D. by Virendra Verma

Reference :http://www.hindupedia.com/en/index.php?title=Chronology_of_Kings_of_Indraprastha

I was curious to see what would emerge when the dates of each of these kings were plotted on agraph. (you can do this for yourself using Microsoft Excel).. I was astonished to see that an
exponential decay curve emerged.
Indian Reign Lengths From 2964 B.C. till 1100 A.D.
100
90
80

Reign Length

70
60
Series1

50
40
30
20
10
0
1

5

9

13

17

21

25

29

33

37

41

45

49

53

57

61

65

69

73

77

81

85

89

93

97 101 105 109 113 117 121

Generation

Notice the rapid decline in reign length, and the overall exponential curve over 124 generationsof data !! The pattern of exponential decline can be clearly traced.
Please remember that no Hindus have ever mentioned this pattern hidden in their own King List.
Perhaps they did not realise it was there. If the figures from Hindupedia are correct, then here
we have confirmation of the greater lifespan of people before 3000 B.C., and a steady decline
over 124 generations. What I find interesting about this data is the sharpness of the initialdecline, the fluctuating and instability of the middle period, then the final tappering out at thelowest level. This is typical of a natural process of decay, and it is very unlikely that anyone
trying to “fake” a decay curve would do this.

Mayan Chronology
The Maya maintained an accurate record of cycles of time based on the movements of theheavenly bodies, most notably Venus'. They were advanced mathematicians and astronomers
who calculated the lunar and solar cycles. But because they were obsessed with time, perhaps
even regarded it as sacred, the Maya kept a perfect almost fanatical track of time.
Mayan stele inscriptions often begin with a date in the Long Count system. This is a system thatcounts the passage of time continuously from a beginning date. They kept perfect count of time,using their long count system.
Their Long Count started on a date some 5,000 years ago on 4 Ahau 8 Cumku, equivalent to ourAugust 13th, 3113 BC.
Something very important for the lives of Mesoamerican peoples must have happened on thatday for it to have been marked as a "zero" date, which we could compare to the beginning dateon our own Gregorian calendar: the birth of Jesus of Nazareth.
Ref: http://www.palenquepark.com/calendar.htm

Here is a quote from Bill Cooper’s book “After the Flood”. His book is available as a free
eBook here – http://ldolphin.org/cooper/ch9.html“At Chichen Itza in Mexico stand the ruins of a gigantic observatory that the Maya built,
whose passageways are aligned with the sun, moon and stars. With this, and in
conjunction with other aligned observatories, the Maya were able to predict lunar andsolar eclipses with great accuracy as well as measuring the synodic cycle of Venus witha precision that has only been matched and realised in modern times.
If we correlate the Mayan day count with that of Scaliger, we find that the Mayan Day 1
began on Julian Day 584283, which equals in our terms 13th August 3113 BC for thestart of the Mayan day count. Now, the significance of this lies in the fact that although
the Mayan concept of time was cyclic, they nevertheless knew that the world-destroying
catastrophe that had closed the previous age was brought about by water, and that theirown age had begun after that catastrophe. In other words, they looked back to the Floodas the close of the old age and the beginning of the new.”What is extraordinary is the close correspondence between the Mayan and Indian chronologies.


The Indians dated the beginning of the Kali Yuga to 3102 B.C.
The Mayans Day 1 falls in 3113 B.C.

So the Mayans started counting time from Enoch’s generation. What’s more, they associatedthis date with a great flood…..interesting.

The following information was found in a paper published by the Department of Physics,
University of San Carlos, Guatamala, April 2002.
The Mayans used a dating system called the Long Count. This system employed 5 units of time
baktun 20 katuns 144,000 days
katun 20 tuns 7,200 days
Tun 18 uinals 360 days
uinal 20 kins 20 days
Kin 1 day
1 day
Day 1 = 0 baktun, 0 katun, 0 Tun, 0 uinal, 0 Kin which they wrote as 0.0.0.0.0
From Mayan inscriptions that refer to known dates in our own calendar, we can count back totheir Day 1, which corresponds to 13th August 3113 B.C.
Ref: http://fisica.usac.edu.gt/~cifuentes/calendar/calendar.htm

Chronology of the Kings of China
The following data is taken from a list of 88 generations of kings of China - 2943 B.C.-314
B.C.
The Shu Ching is the ancient Chinese Book of History, listing the names of each kingbackwards to the very dawn of Chinese civilization.
It is interesting that when the time span of each generation is drawn on a graph, the generation
time averages about 25 years, UNTIL you get back to 2355 B.C. in the reign of the Emperor
Yao (in whose time a great flood covered the whole Earth). It is at this point that the generation
time period starts increasing steadily up to 100 years. The Bible it says that before Noah the age
at which people had their children was about 100 years.
Ruler

Reign LengthFuhi

115 years

2953-2838 B.C.

ShenNung

120 years

2838-2718 B.C.

Huang Ti

100 years

2698-2598 B.C.

Shao Hao

84 years2598-2514 B.C.

Chuan Hsi

78 years

2514-2436 B.C.

Ti Kao70 years

2436-2366 B.C.

Yao

102 years 2357-2255 B.C.

Shun

50 years

2255-2205 B.C.

The Chinese records seem to confirm the records of the Indians. It seems that during the middleof the 3rd millennium B.C. there was a reduction in longevity.

Chronology of Egyptian Kings - The Turin Papyrus
The reign lengths of the Egyptian kings are found in two main sources - the Turin Papyrus andthe writings of Manetho. A.H. Gardiner published a transcription of the hieroglyphics of theTurin Papyrus.
The following are the reign lengths that are apparent from this papyrus KINGREIGN LENGTH
Menes
ErasedIteti
ErasedIti (Djer)
ErasedErasedErasedItiutiErasedSemti (Den)
ErasedMerbiapen (Anedjib)
74 years
Semsem (Semerkhet)
72 years
Kebehu (Qa'a)
63 years
Baw-netjer (Hotepsekhemwi)
95 years
Kawkaw (Reneb)
ErasedBanetjer (Ninetjer)
95 years
Erased54 years
Sened
70 years
Aaka
ErasedNeferkasokar
8 years, 3 months
Erased1 year, 8 months, 4 days
Bebti (Khasekhemwi)
27 years, 2 months, 1 day
Nebka
19 years
Djoser-It (Netjerikhet Djoser)
19 years , 1 monthDjoser-Ti (Sekhemkhet)
6 years
Erased6 yearsHuni
24 years
Snofru24 years
Kheops23 years
Djedefre
8 years
KhefrenErasedBakareErasedMykerinos
18 years
Shepseskaf
4 years
Thamphthis
2 years
Userkaf
7 years
Sahure12 years
Neferirkare
ErasedShepseskare
7 years
Neferefre
ErasedNiuserre
ErasedMenkauhor
8 yearsDjed
28 years
Unas
30 yearsNote that during the first two Dynasties of Egypt, we find reign lengths of about 100 years.
After the beginning of the Third Dynasty the reign length drops to a much lower level NEVERAGAIN to rise throughout Egyptian history.
It will be remembered that during the early chapters of Genesis the Bible repeatedly mentions
Patriarchs (even after Noah) whose lifespans are compatible with reigns of 100 years - evendown to the time of Abraham who lived 175 years.
This is a striking confirmation of the Genesis narrative, and is also in perfect synchrony with thereign lengths of the Chinese and Indian kings we saw earlier.
The Turin Canon lists the kings, groups them together and mentions the durations of theirreigns. It begins with an enumeration of “gods”, “demi-gods”, spirits and kings that were
supposed to have ruled Egypt before the reign of Menes.
Most lines of the Turin Canon give the name of a particular king, written in a cartouche,followed by the number of years he ruled, and in some cases even by the number of months anddays.
Scholars examining the Turin Canon have stated that –"The number of years credited to some kings of the 1st and 2nd Dynasty is so high,that, in those particular cases, they are most likely not correct. It has sometimes been
postulated that this high number of years does not reflect the length of a reign but theage at which a king died. Although this possibility cannot be entirely overruled, it isstrange that the writer should choose to note the age of a king in one case and thelength of his reign in another. I would rather suspect that, although these kings
actually lived, they were considered more as mythological and therefore were creditedwith a longer than human reign."
Here we see scholars confronted with a clear historical testimony indicating a greater longevity
in the first two dynasties compared to later dynasties.
Another quote from scholars "Manetho credits him (Menes) with having reigned - or perhaps lived for some 60
years. (The Turin Papyrus gives 2nd Dynasty kings similar spans : Anedjib - 74 years,
Semerkhet - 72 years, Hotepsekhemwi - 95 etc. From the 3rd Dynasty onwards theirspans become much shorter). In view of the short life expectancy, which was lessthan 40 years, this seems to be improbable but not impossible."Zep Tepi
Manetho, also known as Manethon of Sebennytos, was an Egyptian historian and priest from
Sebennytos (ancient Egyptian: Tjebnutjer) who lived during the Ptolemaic era, circa 3rd century
BC. Manetho recorded Aegyptiaca (History of Egypt). Aegyptiaca (also called Aigyptiaka), the"History of Egypt", was Manetho's largest work, and certainly the most important. It wasorganised chronologically and divided into three volumes. His work is of great interest to
Egyptologists, and is often used as evidence for the chronology of the reigns of pharaohs.
His claims are almost as astounding as the Sumerian Kings Lists. According to Manetho, there
were four periods (which he called dynasties) before the pharaohs ruled in Egypt - two dynasties
of gods, one of demigods and a transitional dynasty.
Manetho stated that, in the beginning, seven great gods ruled Egypt for 12,300 years. The
Egyptians referred to this 'First Time' as 'Zep Tepi' . Zep Tepi was the "Golden Age" inEgyptian mythology when the gods ruled the world, and when human kind acquired the initial
elements of civilization .
Ruler
Ptah/NunAtum/Ra
Shu
Geb
OsirisSet
HorusLongevity (Years)
9000
1000
700
500
450
350
300

Following this dynasty came a second dynasty ruled by 9 gods
Anhur
280
Anpu
200
Khonsu180
Harbehdet
100
Amen
120
Tahuti100
Shu
120
Amen Ra100
4 other gods
370
The third dynasty consisted of thirty demigods who reigned 3,650 years – averaging 121.6 years
per reign.
The fourth period, lasting 350 years, was a period of chaos, when Egypt was disunited and had
no ruler. It ended with a reunification under Menes, who is widely regarded as the first pharaoh
of Egypt.

Zep Tepi and The Decay Curve
What is interesting about these longevities is precisely this – that when plotted on a graph thedecrease in longevity is found to be exponential again.

In fact, when the Egyptian reign lengths are placed alongside the Hebrew life spans of thePatriarchs we notice a close correspondence Egyptian

Reign

LifeSpan of

Biblical

Ra

1000

Bible Patriarch
950

Patriarch
Noah

Shu

700

600

Shem

Geb

500

438

Arphaxad

Asar

450

433

Shelah

Set

350

464

Eber

Har

300

239

Peleg

Anhur

280

239

Reu

Anpu

200

230

Serug

Khonsu

180

148

Nahor

Harbehdet

100

205

Terah

Amen

120

175

Abram

Tahuti

108

180

Isaac

Shu

128

148

Jacob

Amen Ra80

110

JosephThe Sumerian King Lists
Tradition dates the reign of Gilgamesh to about 2700 B.C. The Sumerian King Lists indicatethat only 5 generations before him people typically reigned for about 1000 years. What is alsointeresting is that these reign lengths then begin to decline quickly, so by the time of Gilgamesh
his reign is only 126 years.
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Jucur became king; he ruled for 1200 years.
Kullassina-bel ruled for 960 years.
Nanjiclicma ruled for 670 (?) years.
En-tarah-ana ruled for 420 years ......, 3 months, and 3 1/2 days.
Babum ...... ruled for 300 years.
Puannum ruled for 840 years.
Kalibum ruled for 960 years.
Kalumum ruled for 840 years.
Zuqaqip ruled for 900 years.
Atab ruled for 600 years.
Macda, the son of Atab, ruled for 840 years.
Arwium, the son of Macda, ruled for 720 years.
Etana, he ruled for 1500 years.
Balih, the son of Etana, ruled for 400 years.
En-me-nuna ruled for 660 years.
Melem-Kic, the son of En-me-nuna, ruled for 900 years.
Barsal-nuna, the son of En-me-nuna, ruled for 1200 years.
Zamug, the son of Barsal-nuna, ruled for 140 years.
Tizqar, the son of Zamug, ruled for 305 years.
Ilku ruled for 900 years.
Iltasadum ruled for 1200 years.
En-men-barage-si, he ruled for 900 years.
Aga, the son of En-men-barage-si, ruled for 625 years.
Mec-ki-aj-gacer, the son of Utu, ruled for 324 years.
Enmerkar, the son of Mec-ki-aj-gacer, the king of Unug, he ruled for 420
Lugalbanda, the shepherd, ruled for 1200 years.
Dumuzid, ruled for 100
Gilgamec, ruled for 126 years.
Ur-Nungal, ruled for 30 years.
Udul-kalama, ruled for 15 years
La-ba'cum ruled for 9 years.
En-nun-tarah-ana ruled for 8 years.
Mec-he, the smith, ruled for 36 years.
Melem-ana ruled for 6 years.
Lugal-kitun (?) ruled for 36 years
Urim, ruled for 80 years.
Mec-ki-aj-Nanna he ruled for 36 years.
Elulu ruled for 25 years.
Balulu ruled for 36 years
Awan, ruled for 36 years

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Susuda, the fuller, became king; he ruled for 201 years.
Dadasig ruled for 81 years.
Mamagal, ruled for 360 years.
Kalbum, the son of Mamagal ruled for 195 years.
Tuge (?) ruled for 360 years.
Men-nuna, (ms. L1+N1 adds:) the son of Tuge (?), ruled for 180 years.
Lugalju ruled for 360 (ms. L1+N1 has instead: 420) years.
Hadanic became king; he ruled for 360 years. 1 king; he ruled for 360 years.
En-cakanca-ana ruled for 60 years.
Lugal-kinice-dudu (?)) ruled for 120 years.
Argandea ruled for 7 years
Nani ruled for (ms. vD has:) 120 + X
Mec-ki-aj-Nanna, the son of Nani, ruled for (ms. vD has:) 48 years
Lugal-Ane-mundu became king; he ruled for (mss. L1+N1, TL have:) 90 years.
Anbu (?) became king; he ruled for 30
Anba (?), the son of Anbu (?), ruled for 17
Bazi, the leatherworker, ruled for 30 years
Zizi, the fuller, ruled for 20 years
Limer, the gudu priest, ruled for 30 years.
Carrum-iter ruled for 9 (ms. TL has instead: 7) years.
Kug-Bau, the woman tavern-keeper, who made firm the foundations of Kic, became
king; she ruled for 100 years
Unzi became king; he ruled for 30 years.
Undalulu ruled for 6
Urur ruled for 6 years.
Puzur-Nirah ruled for 20 years.
Icu-Il ruled for 24 years.
Cu-Suen, the son of Icu-Il, ruled for 7 years.
Puzur-Suen, ruled for 25 years.
Ur-Zababa, ruled for 400 years.
Zimudar ruled for 30 years.
Uß³i-watar, ruled for 7 years.
Ectar-muti ruled for 11 years.
Icme-Camac ruled for 11 years.
Cu-ilicu ruled for 15 years.
Nanniya, ruled for 7 years.
Lugal-zage-si became king; he ruled for 25 years.
Sargon, became king, the king of Agade, who built Agade he ruled for 56
Rimuc, the son of Sargon, ruled for 9 years.
Man-icticcu, the older brother of Rimuc, the son of Sargon, ruled for 15 years.
Naram-Suen, the son of Man-icticcu, ruled for 56 years.
Car-kali-carri, the son of Naram-Suen, ruled for 24 years.
Irgigi was king, Imi was king, Nanûm was king , Ilulu was king, and the 4 of them ruledfor only 3 years.
Dudu ruled for 21 years.
Cu-Durul, the son of Dudu, ruled for 15 years.
Ur-nijin became king; he ruled for 7 years.
Ur-gigir, the son of Ur-nijin, ruled for 6 years.
Kuda ruled for 6 years.
Puzur-ili ruled for 5 years.

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Ur-Utu ruled for 6 years
the son of Ur-gigir, ruled for 25 years.
Gutium, at first no king was famous; they were their own kings and ruled thus for 3
years
Inkicuc ruled for 6 years.
Zarlagab ruled for 6 years.
Culme ruled for 6 years.
Silulumec ruled for 6 years.
Inimabakec ruled for 5 years.
Igecauc ruled for 6 years.
Yarlagab ruled for 15 years.
Ibate ruled for 3 years.
Yarla ruled for 3 years.
Kurum ruled for 1 year
Apil-kin ruled for 3 years.
La-erabum (?) ruled for 2 years.
Irarum ruled for 2 years.
Ibranum ruled for 1 year.
Hablum ruled for 2 years.
Puzur-Suen, the son of Hablum, ruled for 7 years.
Yarlaganda ruled for 7 years.
Tiriga (?) ruled for 40 days.
Utu-hejal became king; he ruled for 427 years
Ur-Namma became king; he ruled for 18 years.
Culgi, the son of Ur-Namma, ruled for 46
Amar-Suena, the son of Culgi, ruled for 9 years
Cu-Suen, the son of Amar-Suena, ruled for 9 years
Ibbi-Suen, the son of Cu-Suen, ruled for 24 years.
Icbi-Erra became king; he ruled for 33
Cu-ilicu, the son of Icbi-Erra, ruled for 20 years.
Iddin-Dagan, the son of Cu-ilicu, ruled for 21 years.
Icme-Dagan, the son of Iddin-Dagan, ruled for 20 years.
Lipit-Ectar, the son of Icme-Dagan ruled for 11 years.
Ur-Ninurta the son of Ickur-- ruled for 28 years.
Bur-Suen, the son of Ur-Ninurta, ruled for 21 years.
Lipit-Enlil, the son of Bur-Suen, ruled for 5 years.
Erra-imitti ruled for 8 years.
Enlil-bani ruled for 24 years.
Zambiya ruled for 3 years.
Iter-pica ruled for 4 years.
Ur-dul-kuga ruled for 4 years.
Suen-magir ruled for 11 years.
Damiq-ilicu, the son of Suen-magir, ruled for 23 years.

Once again I plotted all these reign lengths on an Excel graph to see what would emerge.

Reign Lengths of Sumerian King List
1600

1400

1200

Years

1000

800

Series1

600

400

200

0
1

5

9

13

17

21

25

29

33

37

41

45

49

53

57

61

65

69

73

77

81

85

89

93

97 101 105

Reign

Firstly, reign 28 on the x-axis corresponds to Gilgamesh (c 2700 B.C.)
It becomes apparent that Gilgamesh lived at the point when lifespan fell dramatically. The
occurrence of a period of reigns around 200-360 years can be seen in the reigns after Gilgamesh.
As it stands, the raw data shows three areas of extended longevity becoming progressively lessfrequent over time. Notice how

the area from 0 to 33 contains many more peaks larger and medium peaks than the areafrom 33 to 66
the area from 33 to 66 contains many more peaks larger and medium peaks than the areafrom 66 to 99

Though the graph does not show a clear exponential pattern, it certainly shows a progressive
reduction in reign length over time.

Here is the graph for reign lengths AFTER Gilgamesh –Reigns after Gilgamesh
450

400

350

Years

300

250
Series1
200

150

100

50

0
1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29 31 33 35 37 39 41 43 45 47 49 51 53 55 57 59 61 63 65 67 69 71 73 75 77 79
Reign

It is quite apparent that a greater frequency of longer reigns occurs in the left half of the graphcompared to the right. Even the frequency of smaller peaks diminishes progressively with time.
This is an interesting confirmation of much greater longevity prior to 3000 B.C. when lifespans
were in the 1000 year range. After this date there was a rapid decline with instances of longevity
in the 300 – 400 year range several generations later. This brief analysis of the reign lengths
indicates that further and deeper analysis is needed. It certainly appears that many of the reigns
are not sequential, but the dates may restart with each city – hence creating a wave pattern on
the graph.

Greek King Lists
In the appendix, you will find the Greek King Lists in full. These cover the period from 1650
B.C. down till 650 B.C. – a period of about 1000 years. If the Bible is correct in ascribing agreater longevity to people in the times of Abraham and Moses, then we would expect the Greek
King lists to show a fall in longevity over the 1000 years that they cover.
Once again, I inputed the data into Microsoft Excel. Here are the results for the Athenian Kings
from 1483 B.C. (the time of Moses) till 687 B.C.
1483.5 Cecrops 50/2
1458.5 Cranaus {10}9/2
1404 Amphictyon 10/2
1399 Erichthonius 50/2
1374 Pandion 40/2
1354 Erechtheus 50/2
1329 Cecrops 40/2
1309 Pandion 25
1284 Aegeus 48
1236 Theseus 30
1206 Menesthus 23
1183 Demophon 33
1150 Oxyntes 121138 Aphidas 11137 Thymotes 81129 Melanthus 37
1092 Codrus 21
1071 Medon 20
1051 Acastus 36
1015 Archippus 19
996 Thersippus 41
955 Phorbas 31
924 Megacles 30
894 Diognetus 28
866 Pherecles 19
847 Ariphron 20
827 Thespius 27
800 Agamestor 20
780-{759} Aeschylus 23 {could read 21}
759-757 Alcmaeon 2757-747 Charops 10
747-737 Aesimides 10
737-727 Clidicus 10727 Hippomenes 10
717 Leocrates 10
707 Apsander 10697-687 Eryxias 10
687-686 Creon 1

When plotted on a graph we get –What is immediately apparent is the general drop in reign length. Notice the three main sectionsof the graph 1–14, 14–30 and 30–38. Section 1-14 is higher than section 14-30, which in turn ishigher than section 30-38. What’s more, within each of these sections there is a decline evident,
so that the first half of each section is higher than the later half.
This is a remarkable confirmation of the greater longevity of the Patriarchs.

Next I looked at 19 successive reigns of the Argive Kings from 1679 B.C. down to 1176 B.C.
1679 Inarchus 50/2
1654 Phoroneus 60/2
1624 Apis 35/2
1606.5 Argus 70/2
1571.5 Criasus 54/2
1544.5 Phorbas 35/2
1527 Triopas 46/2
1504 Crotopus 21
1483 Sthenelus 111472 Danaus 50
1422 Lynceus 41
1381 Abas 231358 Proetus 17
1341 Acrisius 31
1310 Eurestheus 45
1265 Atreus Thyestes 65
1200-1183 Agamemnon 171183-1176 Aegisthus [7/8]1176-1175 Orestes 15 (or 18)

Here is the resulting graph

The summation of the ages of the first 9 reigns comes to 382 years. The summation of the agesof the last 9 reigns comes to 261 years. A gradual decline is apparent.

Thirdly I looked at the Sicyonian King List. Here is the data –1658 Aegialeus 52/4
1645 Europs 45/4
1633.75 Telichis 20/4
1628.75 Apis 25/4
1622.5 Telexion 52/2
1596.5 Aegyrus 34/2
1579.5 Thurimachus 45/2
1557 Leucippus 53/2
1530.5 Messapus 47/2
1507 Peratus 46/2
1484 Plemnaaus 48/2
1460 Orthopolis 63/2
1428.5 Marathon 30/2
1412.5 Marathus 20/2
1402.5 Echireus 55/2
1375 Corax 30/2
1360 Epopeus 32/2
1344 Lamedon 40/2 or 43/2
1324 Sicyon 45/42
1279 Polybus 40/43
1239 Inachus 421197 Phaestus 81189 Adrastus 41185 Polyphides 311154 Pelasgus 20
1134-1103 Zeuxippus 31/32
1104-1103 Archelaus 1
1103-1102 Automedon 1
1102 Theoclytus 41098 Euneus 61092 Theonomus 91083-1071 Amphichyes 12/18

When plotted on a graph we obtain –Once again it is quite clear that the first half of the graph displays longer reign lengths than thelatter half.
It should be remembered that the Greek Kinglists only cover a time from 1650 B.C. till 650 B.C.
According to the Bible, lifespan decreased rapidly from the Flood down to the time of Abraham.
However, after Abraham it still continued to decrease but at a slower rate. Even so, the patternof decreasing reign length found in these three Greek king lists is consistent with the idea of agreater longevity in the past.
In fact the Greek King Lists furnish a remarkable confirmation.

The Greek Legend of the Golden Age
The Golden Age
Everlasting spring
There was first a golden race of mortal men who lived in the time of Cronos when he wasreigning in heaven. They lived like gods without sorrow or toil, and they did not know Old Age.
And although they died, it was as if they were overcome with sleep. It is said that the earth barethem fruit abundantly and yielded without compulsion all needful things. For spring waseverlasting, streams of milk and nectar flowed, and honey was distilled from the oak.
No law was necessary

This Golden Age is described as the first age which compelled no one, kept faith and did theright. Men dwelt in ease and peace upon their lands with many good things and loved by thegods. There was no law and therefore no fear of punishment. There were no cities, no swords orhelmets, no foreign nations were attacked in war, nor did anyone sail over the seas. During thistime, to mark the land with private bounds would have been wrong since men worked for thecommon store.
Some have said that during this age of Cronos all the parts of the universe were divided inregions, each ruled by a different god. There were no wild creatures and the animals, being
ruled by divine shepherds, did not eat one another. In the same way, there was no war amongmen, for they were ruled by a high deity. There were no states or families; and since they allcame to life coming out of the earth and with no memory of their previous lives, they did notpossess wives nor did they have any children. At this time, the universe revolved backwards;
and, the climate being tempered, the men of this age lived in the open air without clothing,receiving from the earth all they needed although they did not work in agriculture. And since theuniverse revolved backwards they became younger as they lived.
Whom Justice loves
At this time Justice had not yet left the Earth; and when she did, she planted her last footprints
among those who cherished an easy livelihood, and kept themselves away from the clash ofarms and from the palaces with arrogant portals. For those who live in peace and innocence,
worship the gods, feel reverence for Old Age, and have for leisure what nature and earth
generously provide, resemble the men of the Golden Age.
No one believes in itThis is what the Golden Age has been credited with, and that is why men of other ages talk of a"golden age" whenever they remember any advantageous circumstances of the past, be it a low
rate of crime, low taxes, or higher profit. But were they asked whether they believe in theGolden Age of Man, most of them would refuse it credence; for a man of his times can only
regard other ages as products of imagination. And yet, those times may return:"This is he . . . who shall again set up the Golden Age amid the fields where Saturn once
reigned. . ." (Virgil, Aeneid 6.790).

The Silver Age
Second generation
After Cronos was banished, the world was ruled by Zeus. Then the OLYMPIANS made asecond generation of men which was of silver and less noble than the race of the Golden Age.
Worse than its predecessor
Neither in body nor in soul was this race as its predecessor. At this time Zeus shortened thespring, and completed the year in four seasons, so that men for the first time sought the shelterof houses; for up to then their homes have been caves, dense thickets, and branches boundtogether with bark.
Destroyed by Zeus
It was in this age that the first seeds of grain were planted. A child was brought up at his good
mother's side a hundred years, playing childishly in his own home. But when they were grownup, they lived only a little time, and that in sorrow because of their foolishness; for they could
not keep from wronging one another, nor would they serve the immortals. This behaviour
angered Zeus, and he put them away.

The Bronze Age
The 3rd generation
After the Silver Age came the Brazen race, of sterner disposition and more ready to use arms,
but not yet impious. Zeus made this third generation of mortal men sprung from ash-trees.
This race—terrible and strong—was in no way equal to the race of the Silver Age. They loved
war and all deeds of violence. They ate no bread, and their hearts were hard like adamant. The
armour of these fearful men was of bronze, and so were their houses, along with all theirimplements, since there was no iron. These men, some say, were destroyed by their own hands,
and perished leaving no trace. But others say that this generation was destroyed by The Flood in
the time of Deucalion 1.
The heroic race
When the Bronze generation was extinguished, Zeus made yet another, the fourth, which was
nobler and more righteous: a god-like race of heroes, called demigods. This is the race before
our own. Many among these men were destroyed by wars, like those that took place at Thebes
and Troy. But to some, Zeus granted an abode apart from other men, letting them dwell—
untouched by sorrow—at the ends of earth, in Elysium or in the Islands of the Blest, where theearth bears grain and fruit thrice a year. Yet they live far from the gods, being ruled by Cronos,
whom Zeus released from his chains.

The Iron Age
Life of toil
Zeus made yet a fifth generation of men, and with it began, after the Bronze & Heroic Ages, theAge of Iron. It is said that all evil burst forth into this baser age, which is our own: Men neverrest from labour and sorrow by day, and from perishing by night. Modesty, truth, and faith leave
the earth, and in their place come tricks, plots, traps, violence, and unbridled love of profit. The
ground, which had been common possession, is now neatly marked with boundary-lines. Men
demand of the fields, not only the sustenance they provide with their surface, but also what is in
the very bowels of the earth, bringing to light the wealth buried and hidden away by the gods.
Iron and gold
Not only hard iron came with this age; but also gold, which is even worse than iron. And withboth war came, and so men found it natural to live on plunder: The guest cannot trust his host,and affection among brothers became rare. The husband started longing for the death of his
wife, and she for the death of her husband. Piety was vanquished, and Astraea (Dike)—the lastof the immortals—left the earth (if she had not done so before).
Doomed to destruction
Zeus will destroy this race of mortal men too: For the father will not agree with his children, nor
the children with their father, nor guest with his host, nor comrade with comrade, nor willbrothers love each other as once they did. Men will dishonour their parents as they attain Old
Age, without repaying them the cost of their nurture. Might shall be right, so that one man may
sack another man's city. There will be no merit for the man who keeps his word, or for the just,or for the good; rather, men will praise the evil-doer and admire his audacity and violent
dealings. Strength will be right, and respect will vanish as an empty word. Peace being
banished, the MUSES will depart; therefore they will lead a life in ugliness. The wicked will
hurt the worthy, speaking false words against them; therefore will Envy walk along with them.
The gods will forsake mortal men, letting bitter sorrows fall upon them; and being defencelesslike children in the wilderness, they will not find any help against all evil they themselves
created.
References: Creation of Man and Golden Age: Apd.1.7.1; Hes.WD.110ff.; Ov.Met.1.82ff.;
Pau.10.4.4; Pla.Sta.269Cff.; Vir.Geo.2.458ff. Silver Age: Hes.WD.124ff.; Ov.Met.1.113ff.
Bronze & Heroic Ages: Hes.WD.140ff. Iron Age: Hes.WD.169ff.; Ov.Met.1.127ff.

The Sons of God and the Daughters of Men
The Greeks retained traditions of a time when they were ruled by the gods Uranos, Cronos andothers.
During the Golden Age, King Uranus married Gaia (Heaven married earth) and their sons werecalled Titans (sons of Heaven). These titans were the giant offspring of heaven mixing withearth. Most prominent among these titans were Cronos and Atlas. Atlas was given the regions
near the shore of the ocean to rule. Cronos eventually deposed Uranus and became their next
king.
The Titans fought a great war against Olympian Zeus. Zeus was victorious. Zeus rolled up ahuge ball of fire in his hands and cast it down upon the Titans. This set the forested land on fire
and made the ocean boil; the hills and valleys heaved and shook in a tremendous earthquake.
The battle ended in violent destruction and a watery cataclysm. The Titans were defeated andZeus imprisoned them (since they could not die) in Tartaros.
So Cronos and the Titans are finally imprisoned in Tartaros, located deep beneath the ocean
waves. In this passage from the Iliad (Book XIV), the queenly Hera proposes "to visit Oceanus
at the far end of the earth, from whom the gods are sprung," where Zeus "had also thrust great
Cronos down beneath earth and the restless sea." (Homer, 850 B.C.) Once the Titans are sealedin their infernal prison, Atlas himself is left guarding the gates, preventing a future escape.
During the yearly festival known as the Cronia--similar to the Roman Saturnalia festival--thebound statue of Cronos was brought forth and loosed, but only for the duration of the festival.
At the same time all slaves were temporarily freed, gifts exchanged, and a 7-day long party
ensued during which there was drinking and merry making. Slaves were allowed to order theirmasters around (although the severity of such orders was tempered by the knowledge that in a
few days they would again be ruled by these same masters). This was all, of course, to honor
Cronos, the first great king and civilizer of mankind; but also to commemorate the defeat,binding, and imprisonment of Cronos at the end of the 10-year-long war.
We can see from these traditions that the Greeks believed that longevity was greater in the agesthat preceded our own. What’s more, we have a clear tradition of Heaven mixing with earth andproducing giant offspring. At the end of the Golden Age, these offspring were defeated andimprisoned beneath the earth. This is a good description of what happened in the time of Enoch.

We have looked at the records of 6 independent nations of antiquity –
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.

IndianMayan
Egyptian
ChineseGreek
Sumerian

In each case we have found records showing that about 3000 B.C. there was a large reduction inlifespan. This date marks the beginning of the Mayan calendar, because it was a date of greatsignificance. The previous age ended with a flood, and a new age was begun
We will now look at the final part of the three-pronged judgement.

3. Judgement Day
The third part of the Judgment consisted in this - that God took the angels and bound thembeneath the earth for seventy generations until Judgement Day.
Now, Luke’s Gospel Chapter 3 opens with a list of all the generations from Adam to Jesus.
1. Now Jesus himself was about
thirty years old when he began
his ministry.
2. He was the son, so it wasthought, of Joseph,3. the son of Heli
4. the son of Matthat
5. the son of Levi
6. the son of Melki,
7. the son of Jannai
8. the son of Joseph
9. the son of Mattathias,
10. the son of Amos,
11. the son of Nahum,
12. the son of Esli,
13. the son of Naggai,
14. the son of Maath,
15. the son of Mattathias,
16. the son of Semein,
17. the son of Josech,
18. the son of Joda,
19. the son of Joanan,
20. the son of Rhesa,
21. the son of Zerubbabel,
22. the son of Shealtiel,
23. the son of Neri,
24. the son of Melki,
25. the son of Addi,
26. the son of Cosam,
27. the son of Elmadam,
28. the son of Er,
29. the son of Joshua,
30. the son of Eliezer,
31. the son of Jorim,
32. the son of Matthat,
33. the son of Levi,
34. the son of Simeon,
35. the son of Judah,
36. the son of Joseph,
37. the son of Jonam,

38. the son of Eliakim,
39. the son of Melea,
40. the son of Menna,
41. the son of Mattatha,
42. the son of Nathan,
43. the son of David,
44. the son of Jesse,
45. the son of Obed,
46. the son of Boaz,
47. the son of Salmon,[a]48. the son of Nahshon,
49. the son of Amminadab,
50. the son of Ram,[
51. the son of Hezron,
52. the son of Perez,
53. the son of Judah,
54. the son of Jacob,
55. the son of Isaac,
56. the son of Abraham,
57. the son of Terah,
58. the son of Nahor,
59. the son of Serug,
60. the son of Reu,
61. the son of Peleg,
62. the son of Eber,
63. the son of Shelah,
64. the son of Cainan,
65. the son of Arphaxad,
66. the son of Shem,
67. the son of Noah,
68. the son of Lamech,
69. the son of Methuselah,
70. the son of Enoch,
71. the son of Jared,
72. the son of Mahalalel,
73. the son of Kenan,
74. the son of Enosh,
75. the son of Seth,76. the son of Adam,
77. the son of God.

When you count the generations – Jesus is seventy seven generations after Adam, andSEVENTY generations after Enoch !!
So the Day of Judgement was expected to fall in Jesus’ generation!!
The Fallen angels were judged then !
"Now is the time for judgment on this world; now the prince of this world will be drivenout” John 12:31-33.

Remember that the Book of Enoch existed before Christianity, even before the Dead Sea Scrolls(2nd Century B.C.). What is remarkable is that the pre-Christian Israelites looked forward to a
Day of Judgement that just happened to fall in Jesus’ generation.
That certainly gives an extra level of meaning to the name “Messiah”….After all, the Messiah
came to save us….and, of all things, he came to save us from judgment!

Prologue
All of which brings us back to the original question posed by this essay – Jesus’ mission and thetitle of “Son of God.
We certainly live on a strange planet. So much has happened that we are barely aware of. It
seems that in the shadowy past, almost beyond the recall of historical records, our earth was
ruled by an angelic host. They were appointed by God to regulate nature and ensure an optimal
environment. In addition they were to guide and teach mankind. However, there was some great
rebellion amongst the angels occurring around 3100 B.C. They corrupted the earth and were
punished for their crimes by being imprisoned for 70 generations until the day of Judgement. In
the 70th generation Christ came. It seems that the mission of Christ was both to bring judgement
upon these fallen angels and to save us from that judgement. His mission can only beunderstood when we take this into account
God sent His own “Son of God” to undo what the “Sons of God” had done.
For seventy generations the angels lay imprisoned beneath the earth, and during this time God
made human lifespan decrease until it reached 120 years.
Why was life span shortened? It was part of the punishment. Mankind had sided with the fallenangels – feeling they could become like God and live forever. It was God’s intention to break
man’s pride. So his lifespan was shortened to 120 years, mere infancy compared to theirprevious lifespan. It seems that through the suffering that attends a shorter life we might findhumility and a way back to God.
By the time of Moses, lifespan had fallen to 120 years, and God decided the time had come toraise up his people. He gave them his law and began to try and guide them along his ways.
However, in the succeeding generations life span continued to fall. The whole judgement
against the fallen angels and against mankind only reached completion after the full seventy
generations had passed, in the time of Christ.
When the period of punishment was over, God held out his hand to us. He offered us
forgiveness, salvation and eternal life. But this wasn’t to be a return to the long life spans of theGolden Age. Rather the eternal life consisted in a spiritual inner life of communion with God.

Perhaps the angelic realms is real. We have seen some evidence suggesting that Genesis 6 andthe story of the angelic rebellion may be true. This evidence includes the timing of the Flood,
the reduction in lifespan and the fulfilment of an ancient prophecy found in the Book of Enoch.
The general consensus of traditions suggests that the angels were appointed as rulers andguardians of our earth. As such, they were beings of immense wisdom and power. God
bestowed upon them the ability to create and shape life itself, and he taught them how toregulate and maintain the world in all its beauty and complexity.
It uplifting to know that such magnificent and glorious beings may exist, populating a realm
more beautiful than our own, perhaps a realm only slightly removed from our own.

Notes 1:

It may be of academic interest that according to the Usher Chronology Enoch was taken up into
heaven in 3013 B.C. Christ was similarly taken up into heaven in 30 A.D. and the Exodus falls
exactly midway
Enoch ---------- 1521 years-------- Exodus -----------1521 years ---------- Christ
3013 B.C
1492 B.C
30 A.D
1521 years = 555555 days
So the angels were bound for 1111110 days. I am sure these figures are not an accidental
coincidence.

The Meaning of 1111111 days
111 is a type of trinity.
111 = 3 x 37;
3 and 7 are numbers which relate to white/invisible light like Sun light (1), comprised of the (7 )spectral rays (rainbow), of which (3) are primary (red, green, blue).
So I feel that 111 relates to LIGHT ( spiritual & physical ). The angels are beings of light.
In addition, seven 1’s may be a representation of a “week” indicating the seventy generations of
the angels’ imprisonment, and also indicating that our lifespans were to be reduced to 70 years.
So 1111111 days would be a very appropriate number to signify both the angels and theduration of their imprisonment.
The world was created in 7 days. And earlier we saw that the world was destroyed after 777.77
x 777.7 days. Now we find that the punishment lasted 1111111 days (seven ones)

Notes 2:
It seems that the primary judgment fell upon the leaders and instigators of that ancient rebellion,
those angels who had come to earth and mixed with humankind. God had placed them in a
subterranean prison to await the judgment day. Was there any forgiveness for these angels, or
was their destruction certain? The apostle Peter seems to suggest that Christ preached to themtoo..

“For Christ died for sins once for all, the righteous for the unrighteous, to bring you toGod. He was put to death in the body but made alive by the Spirit, through whom also

he went and preached to the spirits in prison who disobeyed long ago when God waitedpatiently in the days of Noah while the ark was being built”
1 Peter 3 v 18

Notes 3:In ancient times people had a 24 hour day, and they divided each hour into 60 minutes, and eachminute into 60 seconds – just like today. So a full day had 86400 seconds = 24 x 60 x 60.
We saw, earlier, that just as the New World was created in 7 days, similarly it was destroyed
after 777.77 x 777.7 days.
Well, it so happens that 777.77 x 777.7 = 7 x 86400,
If we take 86400 to represent a “full day” then you can see the result - the world was created in
7 days and destroyed after 7 x 86400 = 7 “days”
The world was created in 7 days, and destroyed after 777.7 x 777.77 days = 7 “days”. And thepunishment lasted for 1111111 days (note the seven ones)

Note 4:777.77 x 777.77 days may also be written as –111.111 x 111.111 x 7 x 7 days
Judgement of the Flood came after 111.111 x 111.111 x 7 x 7 days
Judgement of the angels came after 1111110 days or 70 generations
These two durations seem to bear a numerical coincidence. Perhaps this is because the Angels,their offspring, and the people who followed them were all part of the same overall judgement.

Note 5:Mathematical Proof of the Decay Curve
Lifespan versus the number of the generation from Noah was plotted on semi-log paper. When
this was done, a straight line described the best fit of the points; this suggests that an exponential
variable is likely. A linear regression analysis was made using the data given in Genesis 11 todetermine the equation of this line and the correlation coefficient. The data in the table below
was used for this regression calculation...
THE AGES AT DEATH OF THE POST-DILUVIAN PARTRIARCHSPATRIARCH AGE AT DEATH

NO. OF GENERATION FROM
NOAH

Noah

950

0

Shem

600

1

Arpachshad

438

2

Shelah

433

3

Eber

464

4

Peleg

239

5

Reu

239

6

Serug

230

7

Nahor

148

8

Terah

205

9

Abraham

175

10

Isaac

180

11

Jacob

147

12

Moses

120 (but 70 is the norm Dt. 34:7; Ps
90:10)

17

Based on the biblical genealogies, Moses' generation falls in the seventeenth generation from
Noah if Noah equals generation 0. A linear regression yields,

Y =652e -0.13x
where Y = the age at death, and x = the number of generations from Noah, where at Noah's
generation x = 0. In order to find out the statistical validity of this curve, a correlation
coefficient must be determined. The correlation coefficient, r, measures the degree of fit of thegiven points to the least-squares straight line. When r = 1, the correlation is said to be exact.
When r = 0, the variables are said to be uncorrelated with a linear equation. The correlation
coefficient derived from Table 5/3 is r = 0.95. That means there is an extremely highcorrelation between the variables and the above equation...

Note 6: The Sumerian king list: translation(In the following translation, mss. are referred to by the sigla used by Vincente 1995; fromthose listed there, mss. Fi, Go, P6, and WB 62 were not used; if not specified by a note,
numerical data come from ms. WB.)
1-39

After the kingship descended from heaven, the kingship was in Eridug. In Eridug, Alulim
became king; he ruled for 28800 years. Alaljar ruled for 36000 years. 2 kings; they ruled for
64800 years. Then Eridug fell and the kingship was taken to Bad-tibira. In Bad-tibira, En-menlu-ana ruled for 43200 years. En-men-gal-ana ruled for 28800 years. Dumuzid, the shepherd,
ruled for 36000 years. 3 kings; they ruled for 108000 years. Then Bad-tibira fell (?) and thekingship was taken to Larag. In Larag, En-sipad-zid-ana ruled for 28800 years. 1 king; he ruledfor 28800 years. Then Larag fell (?) and the kingship was taken to Zimbir. In Zimbir, En-mendur-ana became king; he ruled for 21000 years. 1 king; he ruled for 21000 years. Then Zimbir
fell (?) and the kingship was taken to Curuppag. In Curuppag, Ubara-Tutu became king; heruled for 18600 years. 1 king; he ruled for 18600 years. In 5 cities 8 kings; they ruled for
241200 years. Then the flood swept over.
40-94

After the flood had swept over, and the kingship had descended from heaven, the kingshipwas in Kic. In Kic, Jucur became king; he ruled for 1200 years. Kullassina-bel ruled for 960(ms. P2+L2 has instead: 900) years. Nanjiclicma ruled for (ms. P2+L2 has:) 670 (?) years. Entarah-ana ruled for (ms. P2+L2 has:) 420 years ......, 3 months, and 3 1/2 days. Babum ......
ruled for (ms. P2+L2 has:) 300 years. Puannum ruled for 840 (ms. P2+L2 has instead: 240)
years. Kalibum ruled for 960 (ms. P2+L2 has instead: 900) years. Kalumum ruled for 840(mss. P3+BT14, Su1 have instead: 900) years. Zuqaqip ruled for 900 (ms. Su1 has instead:
600) years. (In mss. P2+L2, P3+BT14, P5, the 10th and 11th rulers of the dynasty precede
the 8th and 9th.) Atab (mss. P2+L2, P3+BT14, P5 have instead: Aba) ruled for 600 years.
Macda, the son of Atab, ruled for 840 (ms. Su1 has instead: 720) years. Arwium, the son of
Macda, ruled for 720 years. Etana, the shepherd, who ascended to heaven and consolidated all
the foreign countries, became king; he ruled for 1500 (ms. P2+L2 has instead: 635) years.
Balih, the son of Etana, ruled for 400 (mss. P2+L2, Su1 have instead: 410) years. En-me-nuna
ruled for 660 (ms. P2+L2 has instead: 621) years. Melem-Kic, the son of En-me-nuna, ruledfor 900 years. (ms. P3+BT14 adds:) 1560 are the years of the dynasty of En-me-nuna . Barsalnuna, the son of En-me-nuna, (mss. P5, P3+BT14 have instead: Barsal-nuna) ruled for 1200
years. Zamug, the son of Barsal-nuna, ruled for 140 years. Tizqar, the son of Zamug, ruled for
305 years. (ms. P3+BT14 adds:) 1620 + X ....... Ilku ruled for 900 years. Iltasadum ruled for1200 years. En-men-barage-si, who made the land of Elam submit, became king; he ruled for
900 years. Aga, the son of En-men-barage-si, ruled for 625 years. (ms. P3+BT14 adds:) 1525
are the years of the dynasty of En-men-barage-si. 23 kings; they ruled for 24510 years, 3months, and 3 1/2 days. Then Kic was defeated and the kingship was taken to E-ana.
95-133In E-ana, Mec-ki-aj-gacer, the son of Utu, became lord and king; he ruled for 324 (ms.
P2+L2 has instead: 325) years. Mec-ki-aj-gacer entered the sea and disappeared. Enmerkar, theson of Mec-ki-aj-gacer, the king of Unug, who built Unug (mss. L1+N1, P2+L2 have instead:under whom Unug was built), became king; he ruled for 420 (ms. TL has instead: 900 + X)
years. (ms. P3+BT14 adds:) 745 are the years of the dynasty of Mec-ki-aj-gacer. (ms TL adds
instead: ......; he ruled for 5 + X years.) Lugalbanda, the shepherd, ruled for 1200 years.
Dumuzid, the fisherman, whose city was Kuara, ruled for 100 (ms. TL has instead: 110) years.
(ms. P3+BT14 adds:) He captured En-me-barage-si single-handed. Gilgamec, whose father wasa phantom (?), the lord of Kulaba, ruled for 126 years. Ur-Nungal, the son of Gilgamec, ruledfor 30 years. Udul-kalama, the son of Ur-Nungal (ms. Su1 has instead: Ur-lugal), ruled for 15

years. La-ba'cum ruled for 9 years. En-nun-tarah-ana ruled for 8 years. Mec-he, the smith, ruledfor 36 years. Melem-ana (ms. Su2 has instead: Til-kug (?) ......) ruled for 6 (ms. Su2 hasinstead: 900) years. Lugal-kitun (?) ruled for 36 (ms. Su2 has instead: 420) years. 12 kings;
they ruled for 2310 (ms. Su2 has instead: 3588) years. Then Unug was defeated and thekingship was taken to Urim.
134-147In Urim, Mec-Ane-pada became king; he ruled for 80 years. Mec-ki-aj-Nanna (ms. P2+L2
has instead: Mec-ki-aj-nuna), the son of Mec-Ane-pada, became king; he ruled for 36 (ms.
P2+L2 has instead: 30) years. Elulu ruled for (mss. L1+N1, P2+L2, P3+BT14 have:) 25
years. Balulu ruled for (mss. L1+N1, P2+L2, P3+BT14 have:) 36 years. (mss. L1+N1, P2+L2
have:) 4 kings; they ruled for (mss. L1+N1, P2+L2, P3+BT14 have:) 171 years. Then Urim
was defeated and the kingship was taken to Awan.
148-159

In Awan, ...... became king; he ruled for ...... years. ...... ruled for ...... years. ...... ruled for
36 years. 3 kings; they ruled for 356 years. Then Awan was defeated and the kingship was taken
to Kic.

160-178

In Kic, Susuda, the fuller, became king; he ruled for 201 + X years. Dadasig ruled for (ms.
vD has:) 81 years. Mamagal, the boatman, ruled for 360 (ms. L1+N1 has instead: 420) years.
Kalbum, the son of Mamagal (ms. WB has instead: Magalgal), ruled for 195 (ms. L1+N1 has
instead: 132) years. Tuge (?) ruled for 360 years. Men-nuna, (ms. L1+N1 adds:) the son ofTuge (?), ruled for 180 years. (in mss. L1+N1, TL, the 7th and 8th rulers of the dynasty are
in reverse order) ...... ruled for 290 years. Lugalju ruled for 360 (ms. L1+N1 has instead: 420)
years. 8 kings; they ruled for 3195 (ms. L1+N1 has instead: 3792) years. Then Kic was
defeated and the kingship was taken to Hamazi.
179-185

In Hamazi, Hadanic became king; he ruled for 360 years. 1 king; he ruled for 360 years.
Then Hamazi was defeated and the kingship was taken (ms. P3+BT14 has instead: wasreturned a second time) to Unug.
(In mss. IB, L1+N1, TL, the 2nd dynasty of Unug of ll. 185-191 is preceded by the 2nd
dynasty of Urim of ll. 192-203.)

186-192

In Unug, En-cakanca-ana became king; he ruled for 60 years. Lugal-ure (ms. P3+BT14
has instead: Lugal-kinice-dudu (?)) ruled for 120 years. Argandea ruled for 7 years. (ms.
L1+N1 has:) 3 kings; they ruled for (ms. L1+N1 has:) 187 years. Then Unug was defeated (ms.
TL has instead: destroyed) and the kingship was taken to Urim.

193-204In Urim, Nani became king; he ruled for (ms. vD has:) 120 + X (ms. IB has instead: 54 +X) years. Mec-ki-aj-Nanna, the son of Nani, ruled for (ms. vD has:) 48 years. ......, the son (?) of......, ruled for (ms. IB has:) 2 years. (ms. IB has:) 3 kings; they ruled for (ms. IB has:) 582(ms. TL has instead: 578) years. (ms. vD has instead: 2 kings; they ruled for 120 + X years.)
Then Urim was defeated (ms. TL has instead: destroyed) and the kingship was taken to Adab.
205-210In Adab, Lugal-Ane-mundu became king; he ruled for (mss. L1+N1, TL have:) 90 years.
(mss. L1+N1, TL have:) 1 king; he ruled for (mss. L1+N1, TL have:) 90 years. Then Adab
was defeated (ms. TL has instead: destroyed) and the kingship was taken to Mari.

211-223In Mari, Anbu (?) became king; he ruled for 30 (ms. TL has instead: 90) years. Anba (?),
the son of Anbu (?), ruled for 17 (ms. TL has instead: 7) years. Bazi, the leatherworker, ruledfor 30 years. Zizi, the fuller, ruled for 20 years. Limer, the gudu priest, ruled for 30 years.
Carrum-iter ruled for 9 (ms. TL has instead: 7) years. 6 kings; they ruled for 136 (ms. TL hasinstead: 184) years. Then Mari was defeated (ms. TL has instead: destroyed) and the kingshipwas taken to Kic.
224-231

In Kic, Kug-Bau, the woman tavern-keeper, who made firm the foundations of Kic,
became king; she ruled for 100 years. 1 king; she ruled for 100 years. Then Kic was defeated(ms. TL has instead: destroyed) and the kingship was taken to Akcak.
232-243

In Akcak, Unzi became king; he ruled for 30 years. Undalulu ruled for 6 (mss. L1+N1, S
have instead: 12) years. Urur ruled for (ms. IB has instead: was king (?) for) 6 years. PuzurNirah ruled for (mss. IB, L1+N1, S, Su1 have:) 20 years. Icu-Il ruled for (mss. IB, L1+N1, S,
Su1 have:) 24 years. Cu-Suen, the son of Icu-Il, ruled for (mss. IB, L1+N1, S, TL have:) 7(ms. Su1 has instead: 24) years. (mss. S, Su1, TL have:) 6 kings; they ruled for (mss. L1+N1,
S, TL have:) 99 (ms. Su1 has instead: 116) years (ms. IB has instead: 5 kings; they ruled for(ms. IB has:) 87 years). Then Akcak was defeated (ms. S has instead: Then the reign of Akcak
was abolished) and the kingship was taken to Kic.
(mss. IB, S, Su1, Su3+Su4 list the 3rd and 4th dynasty of Kic of ll. 224-231 and ll. 244-258,
respectively, as one dynasty)
244-258

In Kic, Puzur-Suen, the son of Kug-Bau, became king; he ruled for 25 years. Ur-Zababa,
the son of Puzur-Suen, ruled for 400 (mss. P3+BT14, S have instead: 6) (ms. IB has instead:
4 + X) years. (ms. P3+BT14 adds:) 131 are the years of the dynasty of Kug-Bau. Zimudar (ms.
TL has instead: Ziju-iake) ruled for 30 (ms. IB has instead: 30 + X) years. Uß³i-watar, the sonof Zimudar (ms. TL has instead: Ziju-iake), ruled for 7 (ms. S has instead: 6) years. Ectarmuti ruled for 11 (ms. Su1 has instead: 17 (?)) years. Icme-Camac ruled for 11 years. (ms. Su1
adds:) Cu-ilicu ruled for 15 years. Nanniya, the jeweller, (ms. Su1 has instead: Zimudar) (ms.
IB has instead: ......) ruled for 7 (ms. S has instead: 3) years. 7 kings; they ruled for 491 (ms.
Su1 has instead: 485) years (ms. S has instead: 8 kings; they ruled for (ms. S has:) 586 years).
Then Kic was defeated (ms. S has instead: Then the reign of Kic was abolished) and thekingship was taken (ms. P3+BT14 has instead: was returned a third time) to Unug.
(ms. IB omits the 3rd dynasty of Unug of ll. 258-263)
259-265

In Unug, Lugal-zage-si became king; he ruled for 25 (ms. P3+BT14 has instead: 34)
years. 1 king; he ruled for 25 (ms. P3+BT14 has instead: 34) years. Then Unug was defeated(ms. S has instead: Then the reign of Unug was abolished) and the kingship was taken toAgade.

266-296

In Agade, Sargon, whose father was a gardener, the cupbearer of Ur-Zababa, became king,the king of Agade, who built Agade (ms. L1+N1 has instead: under whom Agade was built);
he ruled for 56 (ms. L1+N1 has instead: 55) (ms. TL has instead: 54) years. Rimuc, the son ofSargon, ruled for 9 (ms. IB has instead: 7) (ms. L1+N1 has instead: 15) years. Man-icticcu,
the older brother of Rimuc, the son of Sargon, ruled for 15 (ms. L1+N1 has instead: 7) years.
Naram-Suen, the son of Man-icticcu, ruled for (mss. L1+N1, P3+BT14 have:) 56 years. Carkali-carri, the son of Naram-Suen, ruled for (ms. L1+N1, Su+Su4 have:) 25 (ms. P3+BT14 hasinstead: 24) years. (ms. P3+BT14 adds:) 157 are the years of the dynasty of Sargon. Then who
was king? Who was the king? (ms. Su3+Su4 has instead: who was king? Who indeed wasking?) Irgigi was king, Imi was king, Nanûm was king (in mss. L1+N1, Su3+Su4, Imi andNanûm are in reverse order) , Ilulu was king, and the (mss. P3+BT14, S have:) 4 of themruled for only (mss. P3+BT14, S have:) 3 years. Dudu ruled for 21 years. Cu-Durul, the son of
Dudu, ruled for 15 (ms. IB has instead: 18) years. 11 kings; they ruled for 181 years (ms. S has
instead: 12 kings; they ruled for (ms. S has:) 197 years) (mss. Su1, Su3+Su4, which omit
Dudu and Cu-Durul, have instead: 9 kings; they ruled for (ms. Su1 has:) 161 (ms. Su3+Su4

has instead: 177) years. Then Agade was defeated (ms. S has instead: Then the reign of Agade
was abolished) and the kingship was taken to Unug.
297-307

In Unug, Ur-nijin became king; he ruled for 7 (mss. IB, S have instead: 3) (ms. Su1 has
instead: 15) (ms. Su3+Su4 has instead: 30) years. Ur-gigir, the son of Ur-nijin, ruled for 6(ms. IB has instead: 7) (ms. Su1 has instead: 15) (ms. Su3+Su4 has instead: 7) years. Kuda
ruled for 6 years. Puzur-ili ruled for 5 (ms. IB has instead: 20) years. Ur-Utu ruled for 6 (ms.
Su3+Su4 has instead: Ur-Utu), the son of Ur-gigir, ruled for 25 (ms. Su1 has instead: Lugalmelem, the son of Ur-gigir, ruled for 7) years. 5 kings; they ruled for 30 (ms. IB has instead:43) (mss. PÝ+Ha, S have instead: 26) years (ms. Su3+Su4, which omits Kuda and Puzur-ili,
has instead: 3 kings; they ruled for (ms. Su3+Su4 has:) 47 years). Unug was defeated (ms. S
has instead: Then the reign of Unug was abolished) and the kingship was taken to the army
(ms. Su3+Su4 has instead: land) of Gutium.
308-334

In the army (ms. Su3+Su4 has instead: land) of Gutium, at first no king was famous; they
were their own kings and ruled thus for 3 years (ms. L1+N1 has instead: they had no king; theyruled themselves for 5 years). Then Inkicuc (ms. Su3+Su4 has instead: ......) ruled for 6 (ms.
L1+Ni1 has instead: 7) years. Zarlagab ruled for 6 years. Culme (ms. L1+N1 has instead:
Yarlagac) ruled for 6 years. Silulumec (ms. Mi has instead: Silulu) ruled for 6 (ms. G has
instead: 7) years. Inimabakec ruled for 5 (ms. Mi has instead: Duga ruled for 6) years. Igecaucruled for 6 (ms. Mi has instead: Ilu-an (?) ruled for 3) years. Yarlagab ruled for 15 (ms. Mi has
instead: 5) years. Ibate ruled for 3 years. Yarla (ms. L1+N1 has instead: Yarlangab (?)) ruledfor 3 years. Kurum (ms. L1+N1 has instead: ......) ruled for 1 (ms. Mi has instead: 3) years.
Apil-kin ruled for 3 years. La-erabum (?) ruled for 2 years. Irarum ruled for 2 years. Ibranum
ruled for 1 year. Hablum ruled for 2 years. Puzur-Suen, the son of Hablum, ruled for 7 years.
Yarlaganda ruled for 7 years. ...... ruled for 7 years. Tiriga (?) ruled for 40 days. 21 kings; theyruled for (ms. L1+N1 has:) 124 years and 40 days (ms. Su3+Su4 has instead: 25 years). Thenthe army of Gutium was defeated (ms. TL has instead: destroyed) and the kingship was taken
to Unug.
335-340

In Unug, Utu-hejal became king; he ruled for 427 years, ...... days (ms. IB has instead: 26
years, 2 + X months, and 15 days) (ms. J has instead: 7 years, 6 months, and 15 days) (ms. TL
has instead: 7 years, 6 months, and 5 days). 1 king; he ruled for 427 years, ...... days (ms. J has
instead: 7 years, 6 months, and 15 days) (ms. TL has instead: 7 years, 6 months, and 5 days).
Then Unug was defeated and the kingship was taken to Urim.

341-354In Urim, Ur-Namma became king; he ruled for 18 years. Culgi, the son of Ur-Namma,
ruled for 46 (mss. Su3+Su4, TL have instead: 48) (ms. P5 has instead: 58) years. AmarSuena, the son of Culgi, ruled for 9 (ms. Su3+Su4 has instead: 25) years. Cu-Suen, the son of
Amar-Suena, ruled for 9 (ms. P5 has instead: 7) (ms. Su1 has instead: 20 + X) (ms. Su3+Su4
has instead: 16) years. Ibbi-Suen, the son of Cu-Suen, ruled for 24 (mss. P5, Su1 have instead:25) (ms. Su3+Su4 has instead: 15) (ms. TL has instead: 23 (?)) years. 4 kings; they ruled for
108 years (mss. J, P5, Su1, Su3+Su4 have instead: 5 kings; they ruled for (ms. P5 has:) 117(ms. Su1 has instead: 120 + X) (ms. Su3+Su4 has instead: 123) years). Then Urim was
defeated (ms. P5 has instead: Then the reign of Urim was abolished). (ms. Su3+Su4 adds:)
The very foundation of Sumer was torn out (?). The kingship was taken to Isin.
355-377

In Isin, Icbi-Erra became king; he ruled for 33 (ms. P5 has instead: 32) years. Cu-ilicu,
the son of Icbi-Erra, ruled for 20 (ms. P5 has instead: 10) (ms. Su1 has instead: 15) years.
Iddin-Dagan, the son of Cu-ilicu, ruled for 21 (ms. Su1 has instead: 25) years. Icme-Dagan, theson of Iddin-Dagan, ruled for (mss. P2, P5 have:) 20 (ms. Mi has instead: 18) years. LipitEctar, the son of Icme-Dagan (ms. P2 has instead: Iddin-Dagan), ruled for (mss. L1+N1, P2,
P5 have:) 11 years. Ur-Ninurta (mss. L1+N1, P2 add:) , the son of Ickur -- may he have years

of abundance, a good reign, and a sweet life -- ruled for (ms. P5 has:) 28 years. Bur-Suen, theson of Ur-Ninurta, ruled for 21 years. Lipit-Enlil, the son of Bur-Suen, ruled for 5 years. Erraimitti ruled for 8 (mss. P5, TL have instead: 7) years. (ms. P5 adds:) ...... ruled for ...... 6months. Enlil-bani ruled for 24 years. Zambiya ruled for 3 years. Iter-pica ruled for 4 years. Urdul-kuga ruled for 4 years. Suen-magir ruled for 11 years. (ms. P5 adds:) Damiq-ilicu, the sonof Suen-magir, ruled for 23 years. 14 kings; they ruled for 203 years (ms. P5 has instead: 225
years and 6 months).
(Mss. P2+L2, L1+N1 and P4+Ha conclude with a summary of the post-diluvian dynasties;
the translation of ll. 378-431 uses numerical data from each mss. but follows the wordingof P2+L2 and L1+N1)
378-431

A total of 39 kings ruled for 14409 + X years, 3 months and 3 1/2 days, 4 times in Kic. A
total of 22 kings ruled for 2610 + X years, 6 months and 15 days, 5 times in Unug. A total of 12
kings ruled for 396 years, 3 times in Urim. A total of 3 kings ruled for 356 years, once in Awan.
A total of 1 king ruled for 420 years, once in Hamazi.
16 lines missing
A total of 12 (?) kings ruled for 197 (?) years, once in Agade. A total of 21 (ms. P4+Ha has
instead: 23) kings ruled for 125 years and 40 days (ms. P4+Ha has instead: 99 years), once inthe army of Gutium. A total of 11 (ms. P4+Ha has instead: 16) kings ruled for 159 (ms.
P4+Ha has instead: 226) years, once in Isin. There are 11 cities, cities in which the kingshipwas exercised. A total of 134 (ms. P4+Ha has instead: 139) kings, who altogether ruled for
28876 + X (ms. P4+Ha has instead: 3443 + X) years. 21.

Greek King Lists

Eusebius'
Chronicle
The Greek Chronicle
Greek Chronology.
The Greeks regard the Sicyonians as the most ancient [Greeks]. Their kings [g253] resided at Sicyon.
The first king to rule Sicyon was Aegialeus, at the same time as Ninus and Belus, who are the firstremembered kings of the Assyrians and of Asia. The Peloponnese was originally called Aegialeia, after
this Aegialeus.
Inachus is said to have been the first king of the Argives, 235 years after the start of the Sicyonian
kingdom.
Cecrops, called Diphyes, was the first king of the Athenians, [ruling] about 300 years after the start of the
Argive kingdom, and 533 years after the start of the Sicyonian kingdom.
This chronicle will start with the earliest rulers, and will begin with a list of the kings of the Sicyonians[g254]. There is considerable disagreement among the ancients who composed chronicles of Greek
history. As far as possible, we will select [material] on which there is consensus. The chronographer
Castor lists the dates of the Sicyonian kings in his chronicle and then provides a summary of them, as
follows:"We will provide a list of the kings of Sicyon, starting with Aegialeus, the first king, and ending with
Zeuxippus. These kings reigned for a total of 959 years. After the kings, [g255] six priests of [Apollo]
Carneius were appointed; this priesthood lasted for 33 years. Then Charidemus was appointed priest;
but he could not bear the expense, and went into exile." This according to Castor. Below we present thefull list of the Sicyonian kings.

[63] The Kings of the Sicyonians.
1. Aegialeus, 52 years. The Peloponnese was originally called Aegialeia, after this Aegialeus. He is said
to have started to rule Sicyon in the 15th year of Belus, the first king of the Assyrians. According tolegend, [Belus] was the son of Poseidon and Libya [g256].
2. Europs, 45 years. He reigned at the same time as Ninus, the son of Belus.
3. Telchin, 20 years. He reigned at the same time as Semiramis.
4. Apis, 25 years. The Peloponnese was then called Apia, after this Apis.
5. Thelxion, 52 years.
6. Aegydrus, 34 years.
7. Thurimachus, 45 years. During his reign, Inachus became the first king of the Argives.
8. Leucippus, 53 years.
9. Messapus, 47 years. During his reign Egypt was ruled by Joseph, as the Hebrews record [g257].
10. Eratus, 46 years.
11. Plemnaeus, 48 years.
12. Orthopolis, 63 years.
13. Marathonius, 30 years. During his reign, Cecrops Diphyes became the first king of Attica.

14. Marathus, 20 years. During his reign, Moses led the Hebrews out of Egypt, as will be shown in due
course.
15. Echyreus, 55 years. During his reign, Danaus became king of the Argives [g258].
16. Corax, 30 years.
17. Epopeus, 35 years.
18. Laomedon, 40 years.
19. Sicyon, 45 years. During his reign, the kingdom of the Argives came to an end, after lasting for 540
years.
20. Polybus, 40 years.
21. Inachus, 40 years.
22. Phaestus, 8 years.
23. Adrastus, 4 years.
24. Polypheides, 31 years. During his reign, Troy was captured [g259].
25. Pelasgus, 20 years. During his reign, Aeneias was king of the Latins.
26. Zeuxippus, 31 years.
There were a total of 26 kings of Sicyon, who reigned for 959 years. After [Zeuxippus], there were no
more kings. Instead the priests of [Apollo] Carneius [ruled].

1. The first [of these] priest[s] was Archelaus [who ruled] one year.
2. Automedon, one year.
3. Theoclytus, four years.
4. Euneus, six years.
5. Theonomus, nine years [g260].
6. Amphigyes, twelve years.
7. Finally, Charidemus one year. He could not bear the expense, and went into exile. He was priest 352
years before the first Olympiad [i.e. 1128 B.C.].
The total for the Sicyonian kings and priests is 998 years.
Following this list of the Sicyonian rulers it is appropriate to list the kings of the Argives as they areaccurately recorded in ancient histories. Here is how Castor desribed them [g261].

[64] Castor on the Kings of the Argives.
Now we will list the kings of the Argives, begining with Inachus and ending with Sthenelus the son of
Crotopus. These kings reigned for a total of 382 years, until Sthenelus was expelled by Danaus, who
seized control of Argos. The descendants of Danaus ruled Argos, ending with Eurysthenes, the son of
Sthenelus, the son of Perseus. After Eurysthenes, the descendants of Pelops ruled Argos. The durationof the reign of the kings of the Danaidae was 162 years. The duration of the reign of the Pelopidae was
105 years, starting with Atreus, and ending with Penthilus, Tisamenus and Cometes the son of Orestes,in whose time the invasion of the Heracleidae occurred.
The dates of each of the Argive kings are as follows.

The Kings of the Argives.
1. Inachus, 50 years. The country was called Inachia, after this Inachus. He began to rule [g262] theArgives at the time of Thurimachus, who was the seventh king of the Sicyonians.
2. Phoroneus, 60 years. In his reign, Ogygus founded Eleusis.

3. Apis, 35 years. The country was then called Apia, after this Apis. During his reign, Joseph governedthe Egyptians, as recorded by the Hebrews.
4. Argus, the son of Zeus and Niobe, for 70 years. The name of the country was changed to Argeia,
after this Argus.
5. Criasus, 54 years.
6. Phorbas, 35 years. During his reign, Cecrops Diphyes became king of the Athenians.
7. Triopas, 46 years. During his reign, Moses led the Hebrews out of Egypt.
8. Crotopus, 21 years.
9. Sthenelus, 11 years.
Altogether these kings reigned for 382 years [g263].
Danaus expelled Sthenelus, and ruled Argos, as did his descendants. The succession of kings, and theirdates, are as follows.
10. Danaus, 50 years.
11. Lynceus, 41 years.
12. Abas, 23 years.
13. Proetus, 17 years.
14. Acrisius, 31 years.
Altogether they ruled Argos for 545 years, until the end of the Danaidae.
After Acrisius, rule of the Argives passed to Mycenaae, when the descendants of Pelops took power, inthe time of Eurysthenes the son of Sthenelus [g264]. Pelops was the first ruler of the Peloponnese, andhe encouraged the Olympic games.
After Acrisius, when the Argives were ruled from Mycenae:
Eurysthenes ruled as king for 45 years.
Then the Pelopidae, Atreus and Thyestes, 65 years.
Then Agamemnon, 30 years. In the 18th year of his reign, Troy was captured.
Aegisthus, 17 years.
Orestes, Tisamenus, Penthilus and Cometes 58 years, until the invasion of the Heracleidae, who thenconquered the Peloponnese. From the return of the Heracleidae until the migration of the Ionians [g265],
60 years elapsed. From the migration of the Ionians until the first Olympiad [776 B.C.], 267 years
elapsed.
It is appropriate to follow this with a list of the kings of the Athenians, summarizing accurate accounts
from ancient writers.
Ogygus is said to have been the first [king] of the Athenians. The Greeks relate that their great ancient
flood took place during his reign. Phoroneus the son of Inachus, king of the Argives, is considered tohave lived at this time. Plato mentions this in the Timaeus [22], as follows: "When he wished to acquaint[g266] them with ancient history, so they could discuss the antiquity of this city, he began his accountwith the old stories about Phoroneus and Niobe, and then what happened after the flood." Ogygus lived
in the time of Messapus, the ninth king of Sicyon, and Belochus, the eighth king of the Assyrians.
After Ogygus and until the time of Cecrops, it is said that there was no king in Attica for 190 years,
because of the great destruction caused by the flood. The number of years is calculated from the kingsof the Argives, who reigned before Ogygus. From the end of the reign of Phoroneus, king of the Argives,in whose time Ogygus' flood is said to have occurred, until Phorbas, in whose time Cecrops became kingof Attica, 190 years elapsed. From Cecrops until the first Olympiad [g267], seventeen kings, and twelve

archons for life are listed; in this period too, the amazing fables of the Greeks are said to have unfolded.
The Greeks count the kings of Attica from [Cecrops], because they do not know for certain the dates ofany earlier kings. Castor explained this briefly in his history, as follows.

[65] Castor on The Kings of the Athenians.
Now we will list the kings of the Athenians, beginning with Cecrops, called Diphyes, and ending withThymoetes. The total duration of the reigns of all these kings, called Erechtheidae, was 450 years. Afterthem, Melanthus of Pylus, son of Andropompus, took over the kingdom, followed by his son Codrus. The
total duration of their two reigns was 52 (or 58) years. [lacuna]... [archons] starting with Medon (?) son of
Codrus, and ending with Alcmaeon son of Aeschylus. The total duration of the rule of the archons for life
was 209 years. The next archons held power for 10 years each; there were seven such archons, who
ruled for 70 years [g268]. Then the archons started to hold power for one year each, starting with Creonand ending with Theophemus, in whose time the valorous deeds of our land ceased.
This is how Castor put it. Let us now provide a list of all these kings.

[66] The Kings of the Athenians.
1. Cecrops Diphyes, 50 years. In his reign Prometheus, Epimetheus and Atlas lived. He began ruling
the Athenians in the time of Triopas, the seventh king of the Argives, and Marathonius, the thirteenthking of Sicyon. At this time, Moses had become recognized amongst the Hebrews, as we will show indue course. Also at this time, the flood of Deucalion is said to have occurred in Thessaly [g269], and firedevastated the land of Ethiopia in the time of Phaethon.
2. Cranaus, a native, 9 years.
3. Amphictyon, the son of Deucalion and son-in-law of Cranaus, 10 years. The deeds narrated about
the Danaidae are said to have occurred in his reign.
4. Erichthonius, the son of Hephaestus, who is called Erechtheus by Homer, 50 years. The Idaean
Dactyls lived in his reign.
5. Pandion, the son of Erichthonius, 40 years. The kidnaping of the girl [Persephone], and what is
narrated about Triptolemus, occurred in his reign.
6. Erechtheus the son of Pandion, 50 years. The deeds narrated about Perseus occurred in his reign.
7. Cecrops, the brother of Erechtheus, 40 years. The deeds narrated about Dionysus occurred in his
reign [g270].
8. Pandion, the son of Erechtheus, 25 years. Afterwards Pandion went into exile, and became king of
Megara. The deeds narrated about Europa, Cadmus and the Sparti occurred in his reign.
9. Aegeus, the son of Pandion, 48 years. The deeds narrated about the Argonauts and the Centaurs
occurred in his reign; and Heracles held the wrestling competitions.
10. Theseus, the son of Aegeus, 30 years. In his reign, Minos became recognized as a legislator.
11. Menestheus, the son of Peteus, son of Orneus son of Erechtheus, 23 years. In his reign, Troy wascaptured.
12. Demophon, the son of Theseus, 33 years. The deeds narrated about Odysseus and Orestes
occurred in his reign; and Aeneias was king of Lavinium.

13. Oxyntes [g271], the son of Demophon, 12 years. In his reign, the Amazons burned down the temple
at Ephesus.

14. Apheidas, the son of Oxyntes, one year.
15. Thymoetes, the brother of Apheidas, 8 years.
16. Melanthus of Pylus, the son of Andropompus, 37 years. In his reign the Heracleidae returned andoccupied the Peloponnese.
17. Codrus, the son of Melanthus, 21 years. In his reign, the Ionians were expelled from Achaea, andtook refuge in Athens.

[67] The Athenian Princes [Archons] Who Ruled for Life.
18. Medon, the son of Codrus, 20 years.
19. Acastus, the son of Medon [g272], 36 years. In his reign occurred the migration of the Ionians,
including Homer, so they say. At the same time, Solomon built the temple at Jerusalem, as we will showat the appropriate time..
20. Archippus, the son of Acastus, 19 years.
21. Thersippus, the son of Archippus, 41 years.
22. Phorbas, the son of Thersippus, 30 years.
23. Megacles, the son of Phorbas, 30 years.
24. Diognetus, the son of Megacles, 28 years. At this time, Lycurgus had become prominent.
25. Pherecles, the son of Diognetus, 19 years.
26. Ariphron, the son of Pherecles, 20 years. At this time, the kingdom of the Assyrians came to an end,
and Sardanapalus was killed [g273].
27. Thespieus, the son of Ariphron, 27 years. At this time, Lycurgus created laws for the Spartans.
28. Agamestor, the son of Thespieus, 17 years.
29. Aeschylus, the son of Agamestor, 23 years. In his twelfth year, the first Olympiad was held, in which
Coroebus won the stadion contest.
Adding together the reigns of all the Athenian kings, from the time of Cecrops to the first Olympiad [776B.C.] the total is 780 years. And 970 years elapsed from Ogygus until the first Olympiad.
Henceforth it is appropriate to provide dating according to the Olympiads [g274].
After Aeschylus, Alcmaeon ruled the Athenians, for 2 years.
After him it was decided to appoint archons for ten years each:
Charops, for ten years.
Aesimides, for ten years.
Cleidicus, for ten years.
Hippomenes, for ten years.
Leocrates, for ten years.
Apsander, for ten years.
Eryxias, for ten years.

During [Eryxias' reign], it was decided to appoint archons for one year each. The first yearly archon was
Creon, in the 24th Olympiad [684-681 B.C.]. Thereafter an archon was appointed each year. There is noneed to list their names.
We have provided the dates of the ancient rulers of the Athenians [g275], as related by old andespecially reliable historians. We have set down the dates and events before the capture of Troy--which
are not regarded as particularly accurate--as well as we could from the many accounts. Similarly, eventsfrom the capture of Troy until the first Olympiad are not accurately recorded. However Porphyrius, in thefirst book of his Philosophical History, gives the following summary:[68] Porphyrius from the first book of his Philosophical History [g276].
Apollodorus says that there are 80 years from the capture of Troy [1183 B.C.] until the Heracleidae
invasion of the Peloponnese [1103 B.C.]; 60 years from the return of the Heracleidae until the settling of
Ionia [1043 B.C.]; 159 years from that point until Lycurgus [884 B.C.]; ... and there are 108 years fromLycurgus until the first Olympiad [776 B.C.]. Altogether, 407 years elapsed from the capture of Troy tothe first Olympiad.
I believe that it would be appropriate next to discuss the Greek Olympiads [g277].

Reconstructing the Greek King Lists

Argive Kings
Castor (reconstructed from Jerome &Syncellus (reconstructed from Eusebius)

Eusebius)

1679 Inarchus 50/2
1654 Phoroneus 60/2
1624 Apis 35/2
1606.5 Argus 70/2
1571.5 Criasus 54/2
1544.5 Phorbas 35/2
1527 Triopas 46/2
1504 Crotopus 21
1483 Sthenelus 111472 Danaus 50
1422 Lynceus 41
1381 Abas 231358 Proetus 17
1341 Acrisius 31
1310 Eurestheus 45
1265 Atreus Thyestes 65
1200-1183 Agamemnon 171183-1176 Aegisthus [7/8]1176-1175 Orestes 15 (or 18)
1175-1174 <no king>1174-1173 Orestes (back from exile)1173-1171 Aletes (usurper)
1171-1158 Orestes (restored)
1158-1103 Tsiamneus
Pausanius
1675 Inarchus
1650 Phoroneus
1625 Apis <Niobe>, Car
1600 Argus
1575 Peirasus, Phorbas
1550 Triopas, Lelex
1525 Iasus, Agenor, Pelasgus
1500 Io, Crotopus
1475 Sthenelas
1450 Gelanor, Danaus
1425 Lynceus
1400 Abas
1375 Acrisius, Proetus
1350 Danae, Magaphantes
1225 Perseus
1300 Electryon
1275 Alkmene + (Amphytrion), Sthenelus
1250 Eurestheus
1225 Atreus
1200 Agamemnon
Tatian (corrected using Jerome and Eusebius)
1675 Inachus
1650 Phoroneus
1625 Apis
1600 Criasis {or Argeius}

1679.5 Inachus 56/2
1651.5 Phoroneus 60/2
1621.5 Apis 35/2
1604 Argus 70/2
1569 Criasus 55/2
1541.5 Phorbas 25/2
1529 Triopas 36/2
1511 Crotopus 24/2
1499 Sthenelus 111488 Danaus 58
1430 Lynceus 35
1395 Abas 37
1358-1341 Proetus 17

Apollodorus
1700 Oceanus + Tethys
1675 Inarchus + (Melia)
1650 Phoroneus + (Teledice), Aigialeus
1625 Apis, Niobe
1600 Argos + (Evadne), Pelasgus
1575 Ecbasos, Peiras, Epidaurus, Criasos
1550 Agenor
1525 Argos-Panoptes + (Ismene)
1500 Iasos
1475 Io
1450 Gelanor

Apollodorus
1650 Io
1600 Epaphus
1550 Lybia

1575 Triopas {or Criasis}1550 Argeius {or Phorbas}
1525 Phorbas {or Triopas}
1500 Crotopas
1475 Sthenelaus
1450 Danaus
1425 Lynceus
1400 Proetus {or Abas}
1375 Abas {or Proetus}
1350 Acrisius
1325 Perseus
1300 Sthenelaus
1275 Eurystheus
1250 Atreus
1225 Thyestes
1200 Agamemnon
Hyginus1650 Phoroneus + (Cinna)
1625 Niobe, Apis
1600 Argus + (Evadne)
1575 Criasus, Peranthus + (Callirohe),
Ecbasus1550 Argus, Arestorides, Triopas +(Oreaside)
1525 Eurisabe, Anthus, Pelasgus, Agenor |Xanthus, Inachus + (Argia)
1500 Larisa | Io
1475 Epaphus

1500 Belus
1450 Danus

Hyginus1675 Inachus
1650 Phoroneus
1625 Niobe, Apis
1600 Argus
1575 Peranthus
1550 Triopas
1525 (Agenor)
1500 Pelasgus, (Belus)
1475 Danaus
1450
1425
1400
1375 Acrisius + (Aganippe)
1350 Danae1325 Perseus (Tantalus)
1300 Pelops
1275 Thyestes
1250 Atreus
1225 Agamemnon
1200 Aegisthus
1175 Orestes
1150 Aletes
1125 Tisamenus, (Aristodemus)
1100 Temenus, (Eurystheus)
1075 Clytus, (Alexander)

Spartan Kings(reconstructed from Eusebius and Diodorus)1103-1061 Eurysthenes 42
1103-1062 Proclese 41
1061-1030 Agis {3}11062-1028 Sous 34
1030-995 Echestratus 35
1028-977 Eurypon 51
995-958 Labotas 37
958-929 Dorysus 29
977-928 Prytanis 49929-885 Agesilus 44
928-883 Polydectes and Eunomus 45
885-825 Archeleus 60
883-823 Charillus 60
825-785 Telecles 40
823-785 Nicander 38
785-747 Alcamenes 38
785-738 Theopompus 47
Herodotus and Pausanius
1103 Eurysthenes
1103 Proclese 1102
1064 Agis
1062 (Sous) 1056
1025 Echestratus
1021 Eurypon 1010
986 Labotas
980 Prytanis 964
947 Dorysus
939 Polydectes 918

908 Agesilus
860 Archeleus
830 Telecles
791 Alcamenes
752 Polydorus
713 Eurycrates
674 Anaxander
635 Eurycratides
596 Leon
557 Anaxandridus
Athens Kings and ArchonsCastor (reconstructed from Eusebius)
1483.5 Cecrops 50/2
1458.5 Cranaus {10}9/2
1404 Amphictyon 10/2
1399 Erichthonius 50/2
1374 Pandion 40/2
1354 Erechtheus 50/2
1329 Cecrops 40/2
1309 Pandion 25
1284 Aegeus 48
1236 Theseus 30
1206 Menesthus 23
1183 Demophon 33
1150 Oxyntes 121138 Aphidas 11137 Thymotes 81129 Melanthus 37
1092 Codrus 21
1071 Medon 20
1051 Acastus 36
1015 Archippus 19
996 Thersippus 41
955 Phorbas 31
924 Megacles 30
894 Diognetus 28
866 Pherecles 19
847 Ariphron 20
827 Thespius 27
800 Agamestor 20
780-{759} Aeschylus 23 {could read 21}
759-757 Alcmaeon 2757-747 Charops 10
747-737 Aesimides 10
737-727 Clidicus 10727 Hippomenes 10
717 Leocrates 10
707 Apsander 10697-687 Eryxias 10
687-686 Creon 1
Sicyonian Kings

Apollodorus (reconstructed from Eusebius)
1658 Aegialeus 52/4
1645 Europs 45/4
1633.75 Telichis 20/4

898 (Eunomus)
857Charillus 872
816 Nicander 826
775 Theopompus 780 | 784[739] Anaxandridus (738 Zeuxidamus)[723] Archidamus[702] Anaxilaus
689 Leotyhides (692 Anaxidamus)
646 Hippocratides (647 Archidamus)
603 Agasicles
560 Ariston

1628.75 Apis 25/4
1622.5 Telexion 52/2
1596.5 Aegyrus 34/2
1579.5 Thurimachus 45/2
1557 Leucippus 53/2
1530.5 Messapus 47/2
1507 Peratus 46/2
1484 Plemnaaus 48/2
1460 Orthopolis 63/2
1428.5 Marathon 30/2
1412.5 Marathus 20/2
1402.5 Echireus 55/2
1375 Corax 30/2
1360 Epopeus 32/2
1344 Lamedon 40/2 or 43/2
1324 Sicyon 45/42
1279 Polybus 40/43
1239 Inachus 421197 Phaestus 81189 Adrastus 41185 Polyphides 311154 Pelasgus 20
1134-1103 Zeuxippus 31/32
1104-1103 Archelaus 1
1103-1102 Automedon 1
1102 Theoclytus 41098 Euneus 61092 Theonomus 91083-1071 Amphichyes 12/18
Corinthian Kings(reconstructed from Eusebius, Aristotle, Pausanius and Herodotus)

1069 Aletes 351034 Ixion 37
997 Agelas 37
960 Prunis (Promnes) 34/35
926 Bacchis 36/35
890 Agelas (Amphilytus) 30
860 Eudemos (Eumelus) 25
835 Aristodemus (Aristomedos) 35
800 Agemon 16
784 Alexander 25
759 Telestes 12
747-746 Automenes 1~
746-656 Archonship~
656-626 Cypselus (30)626-582 Periander (44)582-579 Psammetichus (3)Macedonian Kings(reconstructed)

813 Caranus 28
785 Coenus 12
773 Tyrimmas 38
735 Perdiccas I 51
684 Argaeus I 38

646 Phillipus I 38
608 Aeropus 26
582 Alcetas 29
553 Amyntas I 50
503 Alexander I 43
460 Perdicca II 28
432 Archelaus 24
408 Orestes 3
405 Archelaus (again) 4
401 Amyntas II 1
400 Pausanias 1
399 Amyntas II (again) 6
393 Argaeus II 2
391 Amyntas II (again) 18
373 Alexander II 1
372 Ptolemaeus 4
368 Perdicca III 6
362 Philippus II 26
336-324 Alexander the Great 12
Time Line

Tatian ( [] – in reign of, black – 25 years per generation, grey – 20 years per generation)
1650 New Order, Ogygus at Athens, First deluge. [Phoroneus]
1580 Reign of Amosis 400 years or 20 generations before the Troy was taken. [Inachus]
1525 Actaeus at Athens, Country named Actaea prior to being called Attica. [Phorbas]
1500 Reign of Cecrops in Athens, Prometheus and Epimetheus and Arias and Io. [Triopas]
1475 The coming of Danaus into Peloponnesusand the return of Europa from Phoenicia toCrete. [Sthenelaus]
1440 Burning of Phaethon, Flood of Deucalion. [Crotopas]
1425 Abduction of Core, Founding of the temple in Eleusis, Triptolemus, and the coming of
Cadmus to Thebesand the reign of Minos. [Lynceus]
1420 Reign of Amphictyon and the founding of Dardania by Dardanus. [Sthenelaus]
1360 War of Eumolpus against the Athenians. [Proetus]
1350 The deeds of Perseus and Dionysus. [Acrisius]
1320 The coming over of Pelops from Phrygia, coming of Ion to Athens, Cecrops II in Athens.
[Acrisius]

1300 Amphion preceded the siege of Troy by two generations.
1250 Hercules preceded the Trojan war by one generation, Orpheus lived at the same time
as Hercules.
1183 Agamemnon takes Troy in 18th year of his reign or 317 years before Homer.
1103 Return of the Heraklidae 80 years after Troy.
1043 Ionian migration 140 years after Troy.
1003 Archonship of Archippus 180 years after Troy.
866 Time of Homer 90 years before Olympiads.
776 Olympiads 407 years after Troy.
rd688 Time of Archiolcus 23 Olympiad.
683 Time of Gyges 500 years after Troy.

Reference : http://www.argyrou.eclipse.co.uk/myths/KingLists.htm