ᾢᧄ⋵↥ᬺᛛⴚ࠮ࡦ࠲࡯

⎇ ⓥ ႎ ๔╙ 47 ภ

ᐔᚑ 20 ᐕᐲ㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯REPORTS OF
KUMAMOTO INDUSTRIAL RESEARCHINSTITUTE
No.47 2008.4-2009.3
㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯ᐔᚑ 22 ᐕ㧟᦬ᾢᧄ⋵↥ᬺᛛⴚ࠮ࡦ࠲࡯
‫ޥ‬862-0901

ᾢᧄᏒ᧲↸ 3-11-38

Published by
Kumamoto Industrial Research Institute3-11-38, Higashi-machi, Kumamoto 862-0901 Japanᾢᧄ⋵↥ᬺᛛⴚ࠮ࡦ࠲࡯⎇ⓥႎ๔╙  ภ㧔ᐔᚑ  ᐕᐲ㧕⋡ᰴ‫ޣ‬ႎᢥ‫ޤ‬
㤕⩶ࠍߟ߆ߞߚᯏ⢻ᕈ㘩ຠߦ㑐ߔࠆ⎇ⓥ㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㥲↰૫⩿ሶ㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯
㧙⇣ߥࠆ㤕⩶ߢ⵾㤕ߒߚᄢ㤈㤕ࠍ↪޿ߚ↞㈬ടᎿਛߩࠣ࡞ࠦ࡯ࠬߩ↢ᚑ෸߮    ᧻↰⨃᮸Ǫ㧙ࠣ࡞ࠞࡦߩಽ⸃㧙                            વ⛔⊛ടᎿ㘩ຠߩᯏ⢻ᕈ⸃᣿ߦ㑐ߔࠆ⎇ⓥ㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯ḡਯ਄㓷ሶ㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯᧻↰⨃᮸ᨲᯌᑄ♧Ᵽ㧔ࠫࡘࡁ࡯࡞㧕ࠍ೑↪ߒߚࡃࠗࠝࠛ࠲ࡁ࡯࡞ߩ⵾ㅧߦ㑐ߔࠆ⎇ⓥ㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯᧻↰⨃᮸ 㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㥲↰૫⩿ሶ
⇌↰᤯๋
਄↰৻ን
⷏␭৻㇢
᳓᳗᱄ੑ


㒙⯃㤛࿯╬ߩࠠࡖ࡜ࠢ࠲࠯࡯࡚ࠪࡦߦ㑐ߔࠆ⎇ⓥ㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯ᧃ᳗⍮ሶ㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯 㧙⋵ౝ⾗Ḯߩ᦭ലᵴ↪ߦ㑐ߔࠆ⎇ⓥ㧙                       ⬿ᧄෘ৻                                        㜞᳓ ᕺ ᄤ⨲㒻⍹ࠍᵴ↪ߒߚⅣႺኻᔕᰴ਎ઍ㒻⏛ེߩ㐿⊒㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯᧻የ⧷ା㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯
! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ᳗↰ᱜౖ㒻⏛ེ⵾ㅧᛛⴚࠍᵴ↪ߒߚᯏ⢻ᕈ㘩ེ࡮ᾖ᣿ౕߩ⎇ⓥ㐿⊒㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯᧻የ⧷ା㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯
㧙ᄤ⨲㒻⍹ߩဋ⾰㈩วᛛⴚ෸߮⵾࿯ᛛⴚߩ⏕┙㧙᳗↰ᱜౖ                                      ጤਅ㇌᣿ 㜞ㅦ࡮㜞♖⚦࠾࠶ࠤ࡞࿶ઃߌⓍጀ߼ߞ߈ᛛⴚߩ㐿⊒㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯᳗↰ᱜౖ㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯

ᨐታࠛࠠࠬߩ଻ஜᯏ⢻ലᨐߩ⸃᣿¦¦¦¦¦¦¦¦¦¦¦¦¦¦㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯⨹ᧁ⺈჻㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯
Ꮏ⮮ᐽᢥ
਄㊁⪇ሶ


‫ޣ‬ォタ‫ޤ‬
5QWPFKPUWNCVKQPRGTHQTOCPEGQHVJTGGNC[GTGFYCNNUCPFHNQQTUEQORQUGFQH
EGFCTRN[YQQF     6GVUWQ0CMCOWTC6CMCUJK;CPQ-K[QUJK/WTCMCOK#UCMQ*CUGICYC
6QOGJKUC'VJQ;WMK6CMCUJK4[QUGK-KVCJCTC㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯    6JGVJ+PVGTPCVKQPCN%QPITGUUCPF'ZJKDKVKQPQP0QKUG%QPVTQN'PIKPGGTKPI                                                     㘩ຠ↥ᬺߦ߅ߌࠆ㕍ᨐ‛ߩ৻ᰴടᎿ೑↪ߦ㑐ߔࠆᗧ⼂㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯ႇ ߃ߺ㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯㨯
㘩ㄘߣⅣႺͳ                         ᓟ⮮৻ኼ

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㤕⩶ࠍߟ߆ߞߚᯏ⢻ᕈ㘩ຠߦ㑐ߔࠆ⎇ⓥ⇣ߥࠆ㤕⩶ߢ⵾㤕ߒߚᄢ㤈㤕ࠍ↪޿ߚ↞㈬ടᎿਛߩ
ࠣ࡞ࠦ࡯ࠬߩ↢ᚑ෸߮Ǫࠣ࡞ࠞࡦߩಽ⸃
㥲↰૫⩿ሶ ࡮᧻↰⨃᮸ ᓸ↢‛ᔕ↪ㇱ

)NWEQUGRTQFWEVKQPCPFEINWECPFGITCFCVKQPFWTKPI$CTNG[#OC<CMGOCUJKPIYKVJFKHHGTGPV#URGTIKNNWUQT[\CGUVTCKPU-CPCMQ5#+6# CPF5JKIGMK/#657&# ᄢ㤈ࠍේᢱߣߒߚ↞㈬ߩ⵾ㅧߦߟ޿ߡᬌ⸛ߔࠆߚ߼‫ޔ‬ᄢ㤈㤕ߩ㉂⚛ᵴᕈࠍᲧセߒߚߣߎࠈ‫ޔ‬㤕⩶ 0Q ᩣࠍ↪޿ߚ㤕ߪ㜞޿♧ൻജ㨯Ǫࠣ࡞ࠞ࠽࡯࠯ᵴᕈࠍ␜ߒߚ‫♧ޔߚ߹ޕ‬ൻᤨ㑆࡮᷷ᐲߦߟ޿ߡ߽‫ޔ‬0Q ᩣࠍ↪޿ࠆߣ‫ޔ‬⍴ᤨ㑆ߢᄙߊߩࠣ࡞ࠦ࡯ࠬ↢ᚑ߇ߺࠄࠇߚ‫ޔࠄ߆ߣߎߩࠄࠇߎޕ‬ᄢ㤈ࠍේᢱߣߒߚ↞㈬⵾ㅧߦ 0Q ᩣ߇ㆡߒߡ޿ࠆߎߣ߇␜
ໂߐࠇߚ‫ޕ‬ߪߓ߼ߦ ᄢ㤈ߪ਎⇇ߩਥⷐ૞‛ߢ޽ࠅ‫ߥ߹ߑ߹ߐޔ‬ⅣႺߢ
⠹૞߇น⢻ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬หߓਥⷐ૞‛ߢ޽ࠆ☨ߣᲧセߔࠆߣ‫ޔ‬㘩‛❫⛽‫ߚߞ޿ߣ⾰ࠢࡄࡦ࠲ޔࡦࡒ࠲ࡆޔ‬ᣣᧄੱߦਇ⿷ߔࠆᩕ㙃⚛ߦንࠎߢ޿ࠆ‫ ޔߚ߹ޕ‬ᐕ ᦬‫☨ޔ‬࿖㘩ຠක⮎ຠዪ (&# ߪ‫ޔ‬ᄢ㤈߅ࠃ߮ᄢ㤈ࠍ฽ࠎߢ޿ࠆ㘩ຠߦኻߒߡ‫ޔ‬౰⁁ᔃ∔ᖚ %*& ߩෂ㒾ࠍᷫࠄߔߣ޿߁ࡋ࡞ࠬࠢ࡟࡯ࡓࠍᱜᑼߦ⹺߼ߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ ᣣᧄߢߪᄢ㤈ߩ៨㘩ᣇᴺߣߒߡ㤈ߏ㘵߇ࠃߊ⍮ࠄࠇߡ޿ࠆ߇‫ޔ‬ᐕ㑆  ਁ࠻ࡦᶖ⾌ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ߁ߜߩ
ਥ㘩↪ߪ  ਁ࠻ࡦ⒟ᐲߣߥߞߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ᱷࠅߪਥߦࡆ
࡯࡞ߥߤߩ㉯ㅧߦ↪޿ࠄࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫਻ޕ‬Ꮊ࿾ၞߦ߅޿
ߡߪ‫ޔ‬ᄢ㤈㤕ࠍߟ߆ߞߚ㤈๧ཬࠍવ⛔⊛ߦ⵾ㅧߒߡ
߈ߚ⢛᥊߇޽ࠅ‫⃻ޔ‬࿷ߢ߽㤕ᱠวߩ㜞޿Ყセ⊛↞޿㤈๧ཬ߇ᅢ߹ࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ ↞㈬ߪ‫ޔ‬᥉ㅢ⊕☨ࠍේᢱߣߒߡ‫☨ߦࠇߎޔ‬㤕ࠍ૞↪ߐߖߡߟߊࠆ‫ޕ‬㈬ߣ๭߱ࠃࠅߪ߻ߒࠈ㘸ߦૃߡ‫ޔ‬☨߽♶‫ߦઁߩߘޔ߇ࠆࠇࠄ޿↪ߦ߽ߣ♎ޔ‬ᤄߪ☿‫ޔ‬߈߮‫߽޿ޔߪߚ߹ޔ‬㘃߽૶ࠊࠇߡ޿ߚߎߣ߇޽ࠆ  ‫ޕ‬ ᄢ㤈ߢ↞㈬ࠍ⺞⵾ߔࠇ߫‫ޔ‬ᄢ㤈ߦ↢⢒ߒߚ㤕⩶ߩ
↢↥ߔࠆ㉂⚛ߦࠃࠆ♧ൻߢᶖൻๆ෼ߒ߿ߔߊߥࠅ‫ޔ‬ሶଏ߆ࠄ㜞㦂⠪߹ߢ៨ขኈᤃߥ㘩ຠߣߥࠆ‫ޔߚ߹ޕ‬ᄢ㤈ߦ฽߹ࠇࠆ㘩‛❫⛽Ǫࠣ࡞ࠞࡦࠍಽ⸃ߔࠆ㉂⚛ᵴᕈߩ㜞޿㤕⩶  ࠍ↪޿ࠇ߫‫ޔ‬Ǫࠣ࡞ࠞࡦಽ⸃‛߇ᄙߊ↢ᚑߔࠆ‫ޕ‬Ǫࠣ࡞ࠞࡦಽ⸃‛ߦߪ⢗ẩ≌✭๺ലᨐ  ‫ޔ‬⣺ౝߢᏱ࿷੃㉄⩶ߩᩕ㙃Ḯߣߥࠆࡊ࡟ࡃࠗ
ࠝ࠹ࠖࠢࠬ  ߥߤߩᯏ⢻ᕈ߇ႎ๔ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ ߘߎߢ‫⎇ᧄޔ‬ⓥߢߪ‫ޔ‬ᄢ㤈ࠍ೑↪ߒߚ↞㈬ߩ⵾ㅧ
ߦߟ޿ߡ‫ޔ‬ᄢ㤈㤕ߩ㉂⚛ᵴᕈ‫♧ޔ‬ൻߩ᷷ᐲ࡮ᤨ㑆ࠍᬌ⸛ߒߚ‫ޕ‬ታ㛎ᣇᴺ
ᄢ㤈㤕ߩ⺞⵾ߣ㉂⚛ᵴᕈᲧセᄢ㤈 㨓ߪࠃߊᵞ޿‫ޔ‬᳓ߦ  ಽ㑆ᶐẃߒߚᓟ‫ޔ‬᳓ಾࠅࠍ  ಽ㑆ⴕߞߚ‫ޕ‬᳓ಾࠅߒߚᄢ㤈ߪ  ಽ㑆⫳ߒེߢ⫳ߒ‫ߊࠃޔ‬಄߹ߒߡ߆ࠄ㤕⩶ࠍߘࠇߙࠇ⢩ሶᢙߣߒߡ  ୘㧛I ߣߥࠆࠃ߁ߦᬀ⩶ߒߚ‫ޕ‬ၭ㙃ߪ ͠ߩࠗࡦࠠࡘࡌ࡯࠲࡯ߢ  ᤨ㑆ⴕߞߚ‫ޕ‬
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޿ߡߪ /#.6$'6#).7%#0#5'#55#;-+6#<1$#4.';
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͠ߦ᷷߼ߡ߅޿ߚ ON ߩ⚐᳓ࠍട߃ߡᕡ᷷ᮏߢࠗ
ࡦࠠࡘࡌ࡯࠻ߒߚ‫ᤨ ޔޔޔޔޔޔޔޔޕ‬㑆ᓟߦࠨࡦࡊ࡞ࠍណขߒߡ㆙ᔃಽ㔌 TRO
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ߢࠣ࡞ࠦ࡯ࠬߩቯ㊂ࠍⴕߞߚ‫ޕ‬Ǫࠣ࡞ࠞࡦ㊂ߩᄌൻ ૞ᚑߒߚ↞㈬ࠍࠈ⚕ 0Q ߢᱷᷲߣᶧㇱߦࠊߌߡ‫ޔ‬ᱷᷲࠍಓ⚿ੇ῎ߒߚ‫ޕ‬ಓ⚿ੇ῎ߒߚᱷᷲࠍࡒࠠࠨ࡯ߢ
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࿑  ᄢ㤈㤕ߩ♧ൻജ᷹ቯ⚿ᨐ ߪ 0Q ᩣ‫ ߪ ޔ‬0Q ᩣ‫ޔ‬% ߪᏒ⽼↞㈬↪㤕
⩶ % ᩣ‫ ޔ‬ಽ㑆ߦ ǴOQN ߩࠣ࡞ࠦ࡯ࠬࠍ↢ᚑߔࠆ㉂⚛ᵴᕈࠍ WPKV ߣߔࠆ‫ޕ‬
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࿑㧞 ᄢ㤈㤕ߩǪࠣ࡞ࠞ࠽࡯࠯ᵴᕈ᷹ቯ⚿ᨐ ߪ 0Q ᩣ‫ ߪ ޔ‬0Q ᩣ‫ޔ‬% ߪᏒ⽼↞㈬↪㤕
⩶ % ᩣ‫ ޔ‬ಽ㑆ߦ ǴOQN ߩࠣ࡞ࠦ࡯ࠬࠍ↢ᚑߔࠆ㉂⚛ᵴᕈࠍ WPKV ߣߔࠆ‫ޕ‬
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ታ㛎⚿ᨐ෸߮⠨ኤᄢ㤈㤕ߩ㉂⚛ᵴᕈᲧセ ♧ൻജߪ㤕⩶ߩ߽ߟࠣ࡞ࠦࠕࡒ࡜࡯࠯ߣǩࠣ࡞ࠦࠪ࠳࡯࠯ߩᵴᕈߢ޽ࠅ‫ޔ‬ᵴᕈ߇㜞ߌࠇ߫ᄢ㤈ߦਥߦ฽߹ࠇࠆ࠺ࡦࡊࡦߩಽ⸃ᵴᕈ߇㜞޿ߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬࿑  ߦ♧ൻജߩ᷹ቯ⚿ᨐࠍ␜ߒߚ‫ޕ‬0Q ߇ᦨ߽㜞ߊ‫ޔ‬0Q ߣ % ߩᵴᕈߪ 0Q ߩඨಽߊࠄ޿ߣߥߞߡ޿ߚ‫ޕ‬Ǫࠣ࡞ࠞࡦߪᄢ㤈Ⓝ☸ߩ⚦⢩ოߦਥߦ฽߹ࠇࠆᄙ
♧ߢ☼ᕈ߇޽ࠆ‫ߩߤߥ࡞࡯ࡆޕ‬㉯ㅧߩ㓙ߦߪࡈࠖ࡞࠲
࡯ࠍ⹣߹ࠄߖߡߦߏࠅߩේ࿃ߣߥࠅ‫ޔ‬⢦੃ߦ฽߹ࠇࠆ
࠺ࡦࡊࡦߩಽ⸃ࠍᅹߍࠆߎߣߦ߽ߥࠆߚ߼ࡑࠗ࠽ࠬⷐ
࿃ߣߥࠆ  ‫࡞࡯ࡆޔ߼ߚߩߘޕ‬㉯ㅧߩ㓙ߦߪᄢ㤈ࠍ⊒⧘ߐߖࠆߎߣߢᄢ㤈⥄りߩ߽ߟǪࠣ࡞ࠞࡦಽ⸃㉂⚛ߢ޽ࠆǪࠣ࡞ࠞ࠽࡯࠯ࠍ૞↪ߐߖࠆ‫ޕ‬ᧄ⎇ⓥߢߪ㤕
⩶߇↢ᚑߔࠆǪࠣ࡞ࠞ࠽࡯࠯ࠍ೑↪ߒߚ‫ޕ‬࿑㧞ߦǪࠣ࡞ࠞ࠽࡯࠯ᵴᕈ᷹ቯ⚿ᨐߣ࿑㧟ߦǪࠣ
࡞ࠞࡦ㊂᷹ቯ⚿ᨐࠍ␜ߒߚ‫ޕ‬Ǫࠣ࡞ࠞ࠽࡯࠯ᵴᕈߪ
0Q ߇ᦨ߽㜞ߊ‫ޔ‬0Q ߪ 0Q ߩ  ഀ߶ߤ‫ޔ‬% ߪඨಽ߶ߤߣߥߞߡ޿ࠆ‫ޔߡߞ߇ߚߒޕ‬Ǫࠣ࡞ࠞࡦߩ㊂ߪߔߢߦᄢ㤈㤕ߩᲑ㓏ߢᄌൻ߇ߺࠄࠇߚ‫ޕ‬0Q ߇ᦨ߽ૐߊ‫ޔ‬0Q ߪ 0Q ߩ  ୚߶ߤ‫ޔ‬% ߪ  ୚߶ߤߣߥ
ߞߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬0Q ߪ♧ൻജ߇㜞ߊ‫ޔ‬Ǫࠣ࡞ࠞ࠽࡯࠯ᵴᕈ߽㜞ߊ‫ޔ‬Ǫࠣ࡞ࠞࡦ㊂߽ਅ߇ߞߡ޿ࠆߎߣ߆ࠄ‫ ޔ‬⒳ߩ⩶ᩣߩ
ਛߢ↞๧߇ᦨ߽㜞޿↞㈬ߣߥࠆߣ੍ᗐߐࠇߚ‫ޕ‬♧ൻ᷷ᐲߣᤨ㑆ߩᬌ⸛৻⥸⊛ߥ↞㈬ߩ♧ൻߪਥߦ‫ޔ‬㤕⩶ߩ↢↥ߔࠆࠣ࡞ࠦࠕࡒ࡜࡯࠯ߣǩࠣ࡞ࠦࠪ࠳࡯࠯ߦࠃࠆ࠺ࡦࡊࡦ
ߩಽ⸃ߦࠃߞߡ⿠ߎࠆ‫⎇ᧄޕ‬ⓥߢ↪޿ߚᄢ㤈ߦߪ⚦⢩ოᚑಽߣߒߡǪࠣ࡞ࠞࡦ߽ో૕ߩᚑಽߩ 㧑⒟ᐲ฽߹ࠇࠆ‫ߣ࠯࡯࡜ࡒࠕࠦ࡞ࠣޔ߼ߚߩߘޕ‬ǩࠣ࡞ࠦࠪ࠳࡯࠯ߦࠃߞߡ⚦⢩ਛߦ฽߹ࠇࠆ࠺ࡦࡊࡦߩಽ
⸃ࠍല₸ࠃߊㅴ߼ࠆߚ߼ߦߪ‫ޔ‬Ǫࠣ࡞ࠞ࠽࡯࠯ߦࠃ
ࠆǪࠣ࡞ࠞࡦಽ⸃߽ᔅⷐߥⷐ⚛ߣߥࠆ‫ޔߡߞࠃޕ‬㧟⒳ߩ㉂⚛෻ᔕߦࠃߞߡࠣ࡞ࠦ࡯ࠬ߇ᄙߊ↢ᚑߔࠆ᷷ᐲߣ
ᤨ㑆ࠍᛠីߔࠆߎߣ߇ᔅⷐߣߥࠆ‫ޕ‬࿑㧠ߦ 0Q ߩฦ᷷ᐲߢߩࠣ࡞ࠦ࡯ࠬ↢ᚑ㊂ߩ⚻ᤨᄌൻࠍ␜ߒߚ‫ޕ‬0Q ߪ ͠ࠃࠅ߽ ͠ߣ ͠ߢ⚻ᤨ⊛ߥࠣ࡞ࠦ࡯ࠬỚᐲߪ㜞߹ߞߡ޿ࠆ‫࡯ࠦ࡞ࠣޕ‬ࠬỚᐲߪߔߴߡߩ᷷ᐲߢ‫ᤨ ޔ‬㑆⒟ᐲߢቯᏱߦ㆐ߒ
ߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬࿑㧡ߦ 0Q ߩฦ᷷ᐲߢߩࠣ࡞ࠦ࡯ࠬ↢ᚑ㊂ߩ⚻ᤨᄌൻࠍ␜ߒߚ‫ޕ‬0Q ߪ ͠ࠃࠅ߽ ͠ߣ ͠ߢ⚻ᤨ⊛ߥࠣ࡞ࠦ࡯ࠬߩ↢ᚑỚᐲߪ㜞߹ߞߡ޿ࠆ߇‫ޔ‬ ᤨ㑆ᓟߢߪߔߴߡߩ᷷ᐲߢỚᐲߪห╬ߣߥߞߡ޿ࠆ‫ߩߡߴߔޕ‬᷷ᐲߢ  ᤨ㑆ᓟ߹ߢࠣ࡞ࠦ࡯ࠬߩỚ

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࿑㧟 ᄢ㤈㤕ߩǪࠣ࡞ࠞࡦ㊂᷹ቯ⚿ᨐ ߪ 0Q ᩣ‫ߪ ޔ‬0Q ᩣ‫ޔ‬% ߪᏒ⽼↞㈬↪㤕
⩶ % ᩣ‫ޕ‬ 

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࿑㧠 ฦ᷷ᐲߦࠃࠆࠣ࡞ࠦ࡯ࠬ↢ᚑ㊂ߩ⚻ᤨᄌൻ 
0Q ᩣ ᷷ᐲ᧦ઙߪ‫ ͠ޔ‬ٟ ‫ً ͠ޔ ع ͠ޔ‬㪈㪋㪇䉫䊦䉮䊷䉴Ớᐲ㩿㫄㪾㪆㫄㫃㪀

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࿑㧡 ฦ᷷ᐲߦࠃࠆࠣ࡞ࠦ࡯ࠬ↢ᚑ㊂ߩ⚻ᤨᄌൻ 
0Q ᩣ ᷷ᐲ᧦ઙߪ‫ ͠ޔ‬ٟ ‫ ً ͠ޔ ع ͠ޔ‬


 

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߁ߦࠣ࡞ࠦ࡯ࠬỚᐲߩ਄᣹߇ߺࠄࠇ‫ᤨ ޔ‬㑆ᓟ߹ߢࠣ࡞ࠦ࡯ࠬߩỚᐲ߇ࠁࠆ߿߆ߥ਄᣹ࠍ⛯ߌߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ ᤨ㑆ᓟߩᦨ⚳⊛ߥࠣ࡞ࠦ࡯ࠬỚᐲࠍᲧセߔࠆߣ‫ޔ‬Ꮢ⽼ᩣ % ߇ᦨ߽㜞ߊߥߞߚ‫ޔߢ޿ߟޕ‬0Q‫ޔ‬0Q ߣߥߞߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ ৻⥸⊛ߦ‫☨ޔ‬㤕ߩߺߢ↞㈬ࠍ઀ㄟ߻႐ว‫ޔ‬㨪͠ߢ 㨪 ᤨ㑆ߩ♧ൻࠍⴕ߁ߎߣࠍ⠨ᘦߔࠆߣ‫ࠅࠃޔ‬⍴޿ᤨ㑆ߢᄙߊߩ♧ࠍᓧࠆߎߣ߇㊀ⷐߣߥࠆ‫ޕ‬0Qߪ ‫ᤨ  ߢ͠ޔ‬㑆ᓟߦ߅޿ߡ‫ᤨ ޔ‬㑆ᓟߩ  ഀ⒟ᐲߩࠣ࡞ࠦ࡯ࠬ߇↢ᚑߒߡ޿ߚ‫ޔߚ߹ޕ‬Ꮢ⽼ߩᷡᶭ㘶ᢱ᳓ߣห╬ߩ OION ⒟ᐲߩࠣ࡞ࠦ࡯ࠬߩ↢ᚑ߇ߺࠄࠇߚߎߣ߆ࠄ߽ 0Q ߪ↞㈬ㅧࠅߦㆡߒߚ㤕⩶ߣᕁࠊࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬Ǫࠣ࡞ࠞࡦ㊂ߩᄌൻฦ♧ൻ᷷ᐲߢߩǪࠣ࡞ࠞ࠽࡯࠯ߦࠃࠆǪࠣ࡞ࠞࡦಽ⸃ࠍᲧセߔࠆߚ߼ߦ‫ޔ‬࿑㧣㨪㧥ߦ 0Q‫ޔ‬0Q‫ޔ‬Ꮢ
⽼ᩣ % ߩේᢱᄢ㤈߆ࠄᄢ㤈㤕‫ޔ‬ฦ♧ൻ᷷ᐲߢ  ᤨ㑆ಣℂᓟߩฦǪࠣ࡞ࠞࡦ㊂᷹ቯ⚿ᨐࠍ␜ߒߚ‫ޕ‬0Q ߦߟ޿ߡߪ ࿑㧣 ᄢ㤈㤕ߩᤨὐߢࠣ࡞ࠞࡦ㊂ߪේᢱߩඨಽ
߶ߤߦߥߞߡ߅ࠅ‫ޔ‬㤕૞ᚑߩᲑ㓏ߢࠣ࡞ࠞ࠽࡯࠯߇௛
޿ߚ߽ߩߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬
ടᾲಣℂߒߚ߽ߩߦ㑐ߒߡߪ‫ޔ‬͠߆ࠄ᷷ᐲ߇޽߇ࠆߦߟࠇߡࠣ࡞ࠞࡦ㊂ߪჇ߃ߡ߅
ࠅ‫ޔ‬0Q ߩࠣ࡞ࠞ࠽࡯࠯ߪ ͠ߢ߽ߞߣ߽ᵴᕈ߇㜞޿ߣ੍᷹ߐࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬0Q ߦߟ޿ߡߪ ࿑㧤 ‫ޔ‬ᄢ㤈㤕ߩᤨὐߢࠣ࡞ࠞࡦ㊂ߪේᢱߩ  ಽߩ㧝߶ߤߦߥߞߡ߅ࠅ‫ޔ‬㤕૞ᚑߩᲑ㓏ߢ߆ߥࠅߩࠣ࡞ࠞ࠽࡯࠯߇௛޿ߡ޿ࠆ߽
ߩߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬ടᾲಣℂߒߚ߽ߩߦ㑐ߒߡߪ‫͠ޔ‬ߣ ͠ߢࠣ࡞ࠞࡦ㊂ߪ 㧑⒟ᐲߣߥߞߡ߅ࠅ‫ޔ‬0Q ߩࠣ࡞ࠞ࠽࡯࠯ߪ ͠߆ࠄ ͠ߢߪߛ޿ߚ޿หߓߊࠄ
޿ߩᵴᕈࠍ߽ߟߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬% ߦߟ޿ߡߪ ࿑㧥 ‫ޔ‬ᄢ㤈㤕ߩᤨὐߢࠣ࡞ࠞࡦ㊂ߪේᢱߩ  ഀ߶ߤߩ 㧑ߣߥߞߡ߅ࠅ‫ޔ‬㤕૞ᚑߩᲑ㓏ߢᄙዋࠣ࡞ࠞ࠽࡯࠯߇௛޿ߚ߽ߩߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬ടᾲಣ
ℂߒߚ߽ߩߦ㑐ߒߡߪ‫ࠄ߆͠ޔ‬᷷ᐲ߇޽߇ࠆߦߟࠇ
ߡࠣ࡞ࠞࡦ㊂ߪᷫߞߡ߅ࠅ‫ޔ‬% ߩ߽ߟࠣ࡞ࠞ࠽࡯࠯ߪ
͠ߢ߽ߞߣ߽ᵴᕈ߇㜞޿ߣ੍᷹ߐࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬ㅢᏱߩ↞㈬↪ߩ㤕⩶ߪ☨ࠍේᢱߦ⵾ㅧߔࠆߚ߼‫ࠣޔ‬࡞ࠦࠕࡒ࡜࡯࠯ߣǩࠣ࡞ࠦࠪ࠳࡯࠯ߩᵴᕈ߇㜞޿ߎߣ߇᳞߼ࠄࠇࠆ߇‫ޔ‬ᄢ㤈ࠍේᢱߦ↪޿ࠆ੹࿁ߩࠃ
߁ߥ႐วߪǪ㧙ࠣ࡞ࠞ࠽࡯࠯ߩᵴᕈߦߟ޿ߡ߽㜞޿ᔅⷐ߇޽ࠆ‫࠯࡯࠽ࠞ࡞߽ࠣߣߞ߽ޕ‬ᵴᕈߩ㜞߆ߞߚ
0Q ߦ߅޿ߡ‫ߢ͠ޔ‬ടᾲᓟߪǪࠣ࡞ࠞࡦ㊂߇㧑⒟ᐲߣߥࠅ‫⩶ ޔ‬ᩣߩ߁ߜߢ߽ߞߣ߽ࠣ࡞ࠞࡦ㊂

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࿑㧢 ฦ᷷ᐲߦࠃࠆࠣ࡞ࠦ࡯ࠬ↢ᚑ㊂ߩ⚻ᤨᄌൻᏒ⽼ᩣ % ᷷ᐲ᧦ઙߪ‫ ͠ޔ‬ٟ ‫ ً ͠ޔ ع ͠ޔ‬ 

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ේᢱ ᄢ㤈㤕 㪋㪇㷄࿑㧣 Ǫࠣ࡞ࠞࡦ㊂᷹ቯ⚿ᨐ㧔0Q ᩣ㧕ේᢱ‫ޔ‬ේᢱᄢ㤈ਛߩǪࠣ࡞ࠞࡦ㊂͠‫ ߢ͠ޔ͠ޔ͠ ߪ͠ޔ͠ޔ‬J ಣℂᓟߩฦǪࠣ࡞ࠞࡦ㊂

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࿑㧤 Ǫࠣ࡞ࠞࡦ㊂᷹ቯ⚿ᨐ㧔0Q ᩣ㧕ේᢱේᢱᄢ㤈ਛߩǪࠣ࡞ࠞࡦ㊂͠‫ ߢ͠ޔ͠ޔ͠ ߪ͠ޔ͠ޔ‬J ಣℂᓟߩฦǪࠣ࡞ࠞࡦ㊂߇ૐߊߥߞߚ‫࠯࡯࠽ࠞ࡞ࠣޔߢ޿ߟޕ‬ᵴᕈ߇㜞߆ߞߚ
0Q ߦ߅޿ߡ߽᷷ᐲߦࠃߞߡߪࠣ࡞ࠞࡦ㊂߇ 㧑⒟ᐲߣߥߞߚ‫࠯࡯࠽ࠞ࡞ࠣޕ‬ᵴᕈ߇ 0Q ߩ  ಽߩ  ⒟ᐲߢ޽ߞߚ % ߦߟ޿ߡߪࠣ࡞ࠞࡦ㊂߇ 㨪㧑ߣߥߞߚ‫ޕ‬
޿ߕࠇߩ⩶ᩣ߽‫࠯࡯࠽ࠞ࡞ࠣޔ‬ᵴᕈࠍ෻ᤋߒߡ‫࡞ࠣޔ‬ࠞ࠽࡯࠯ᵴᕈߩ㜞޿⩶ᩣߪࠣ࡞ࠞࡦ㊂߇ 㧑⒟ᐲߣૐ
ߊߥࠅ‫࠯࡯࠽ࠞ࡞ࠣޔ‬ᵴᕈߩૐ޿⩶ᩣߪࠣ࡞ࠞࡦ㊂߇ ߆ࠄ 㧑⒟ᐲߣߥߞߚȃ
 0Q ߦߟ޿ߡߪᄢ㤈㤕ߢߺࠄࠇߚǪ㧙ࠣ࡞ࠞ࠽࡯
࠯ᵴᕈ߿ᱷሽߔࠆǪࠣ࡞ࠞࡦ㊂߆ࠄኤߔࠆߎߣ߇ߢ
߈ࠆࠃ߁ߦᄢ㤈⚦⢩ოߦ฽߹ࠇࠆǪࠣ࡞ࠞࡦࠍචಽ

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࿑㧥 Ǫࠣ࡞ࠞࡦ㊂᷹ቯ⚿ᨐ㧔ঌ์‫ ڼ‬%㧕ේᢱ‫ޔ‬ේᢱᄢ㤈ਛߩǪࠣ࡞ࠞࡦ㊂͠‫ ߢ͠ޔ͠ޔ͠ ߪ͠ޔ͠ޔ‬J ಣℂᓟߩฦǪࠣ࡞ࠞࡦ㊂ߦಽ⸃ߢ߈ߚߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆ‫ޔ߼ߚߩߘޕ‬⢦੃ߦ฽߹ࠇ
ࠆ࠺ࡦࡊࡦࠍࠣ࡞ࠦࠕࡒ࡜࡯࠯ߣǩࠣ࡞ࠦࠪ࠳࡯࠯
߇ಽ⸃ߒ߿ߔ޿⁁ᘒߣߥࠅ‫ᤨ ޔ‬㑆⒟ᐲߢ߽࿑㧠ߦߺࠄࠇࠆࠃ߁ߥࠣ࡞ࠦ࡯ࠬߩ↢ᚑ߇ߺࠄࠇߚ߽ߩߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬ⷐ⚂
ਥⷐ૞‛ߩ৻ߟߢ޽ࠅ‫ޔ‬ᣣᧄੱߩஜᐽ⛽ᜬߦᓎ┙ߟߣᦼᓙߐࠇࠆᄢ㤈ࠍ↪޿ߡ↞㈬ߩ⵾ㅧടᎿࠍᬌ⸛ߒߚ‫ޕ‬㧝㧕ᄢ㤈㤕ࠍ૞ᚑߒߚ⚿ᨐ‫♧ޔ‬ൻജ෸߮Ǫࠣ࡞ࠞ࠽
࡯࠯ᵴᕈ‫ޔ‬Ǫࠣ࡞ࠞࡦ㊂߇㤕⩶ 0Q ᩣ‫ޔ‬0QᩣߢᏒ⽼↞㈬↪㤕⩶ % ᩣࠃࠅ߽㜞޿୯ࠍ␜ߒߚ‫ޕ‬㧞㧕↞㈬ߩ♧ൻ᷷ᐲߣᤨ㑆ࠍࠣ࡞ࠦ࡯ࠬ↢ᚑ㊂ߢᬌ
⸛ߒߚ⚿ᨐ‫ޔ‬0Q ᩣߪ ‫ᤨ  ߢ͠ޔ‬㑆ᓟߦ߅޿ߡ OION ࠍ⿥߃ࠆࠣ࡞ࠦ࡯ࠬߩ↢ᚑ߇ߺࠄࠇ‫↞ޔ‬㈬ㅧࠅߦㆡߒߚ㤕⩶ߣ޿߃ࠆ‫ޕ‬㧟㧕ࠣ࡞ࠞ࠽࡯࠯ᵴᕈߩ㜞߆ߞߚ 0Q ᩣߦ߅޿ߡ‫ޔ‬͠‫ᤨ ޔ‬㑆ಣℂᓟߪǪࠣ࡞ࠞࡦ㊂߇ 㧑⒟ᐲߣߥࠅ‫⩶ ޔ‬ᩣߩ߁ߜߢ߽ߞߣ߽ࠣ࡞ࠞࡦ㊂߇ૐߊߥߞߚ‫࠯࡯࠽ࠞ࡞ࠣޔߢ޿ߟޕ‬ᵴᕈ߇㜞߆
ߞߚ 0Q ᩣߦ߅޿ߡ߽ ‫ࡦࠞ࡞ࠣߢ͠ޔ‬㊂߇ 㧑⒟ᐲߣߥߞߚ‫ޕ‬
㧠㧕0Q ᩣߪᄢ㤈⚦⢩ოߦ฽߹ࠇࠆǪࠣ࡞ࠞࡦࠍ
චಽߦǪࠣ࡞ࠞ࠽࡯࠯ߢಽ⸃ߢ߈‫⚦ޔ‬⢩ౝߩ࠺ࡦࡊࡦࠍࠣ࡞ࠦࠕࡒ࡜࡯࠯ߣǩࠣ࡞ࠦࠪ࠳࡯
࠯߇ಽ⸃ߒ߿ߔ޿⁁ᘒߣߥࠅ‫ᤨ ޔ‬㑆⒟ᐲߢ߽
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વ⛔⊛ടᎿ㘩ຠߩᯏ⢻ᕈ⸃᣿ߦ㑐ߔࠆ⎇ⓥḡਯ਄㓷ሶ࡮᧻↰⨃᮸ᓸ↢‛ᔕ↪ㇱ

'HHGEVQH#URGTIKNNWUQT[\CGKPQEWNCVKQPVQ6QHWOCVGTKCNHQTVJGPWVTKVKQPEQORQPGPVU
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/CUCMQ;7017'CPF5JKIGMK/#657&# ⼺⣣ߦ㤕⩶ࠍធ⒳ߒߡ‫ ߹߹ߩߘޔߪߚ߹ޔ‬ኻᾖ ͠ߩࠗࡦࠠࡘࡌ࡯࠲࡯ߢ  ᤨ㑆⣕᳓ੇ῎ߒߚᓟ‫  ߦߺࠈ߽ޔ‬ᣣ㑆ẃߌㄟࠎߢ⼺⣣ߩߺߘẃߌࠍ⺞⵾ߒߚ‫῎ੇޕ‬ᓟ‫ޔ‬㤕⩶ࠍធ⒳ߒߚ⼺⣣ߩ⚐࠲ࡦࡄࠢ⾰฽㊂ߪᷫዋߒߚ߇‫ޔ‬᳓ṁᕈ⓸⚛‫ޔ‬㧑࠻࡝ࠢࡠࡠ㈶㉄นṁᕈ⓸⚛‫ޔ‬㧑ࠛ࠴࡞ࠕ࡞ࠦ࡯࡞นṁᕈ⓸⚛ߩ✚⓸⚛ߦኻߔࠆഀวߪჇടߒߚ‫⼺ޕ‬⣣ߩẃߌㄟߺᎿ⒟ߢߪ‫ߩࠄࠇߎޔ‬ᚑಽߩ୯ߪ  ᣣએ㒠‫৻߷߶ޔ‬ቯߩ୯ߦߥߞߚ‫ޕ‬㤕⩶ࠍធ⒳ߒߚ⼺⣣ߩ⚐࠲ࡦࡄࠢ⾰฽㊂ߪធ⒳ߒߥ޿⼺⣣ࠃࠅૐ޿୯ߢ޽ࠅ‫ޔ‬᳓ṁᕈ⓸⚛‫ޔ‬㧑࠻࡝ࠢࡠࡠ㈶㉄นṁᕈ⓸⚛‫ޔ‬㧑ࠛ࠴࡞ࠕ࡞ࠦ࡯࡞นṁᕈ⓸⚛ߩ✚⓸⚛ߦኻߔࠆഀวߪኻᾖࠃࠅ㜞߆ߞߚ‫ޕ‬ᯏ⢻ᕈᚑಽߩࡐ࡝ࠕࡒࡦߩਛߢࡊ࠻࡟ࠬࠪࡦ‫ࡍࠬޔ‬࡞ࡒࠫࡦ‫ޔ‬ࠬࡍ࡞ࡒࡦ߇ࡅ࠻ߩ㊀ⷐߥࡐ࡝ࠕࡒࡦߢ޽ࠆߣߐࠇߡ߅ࠅ‫ޔ‬
㤕⩶ࠍធ⒳ߒߚ⼺⣣ߩߺߘẃߌߦߪኻᾖ඙ࠃࠅᄙߊ฽߹ࠇߡ޿ߚ‫ޕ‬㧞㧚ታ㛎ᣇᴺ㧝㧚ߪߓ߼ߦ ᾢᧄ⋵↥ߩવ⛔⊛ടᎿ㘩ຠߩ৻ຠߦ‫⼺ޟ‬⣣ߩߺߘẃߌ‫߇ޠ‬᜼ߍࠄࠇࠆ‫⼺ޟߩߎޕ‬⣣ߩߺߘẃߌ‫ޔߪޠ‬ᐕ㗃ߦᾢᧄ⋵⃿⏴㇭੖ᧁ᧛ߢᐔኅߩ⪭ᱞ⠪ߦࠃߞߡ‫ޔ‬଻ሽ㘩ߣߒߡ೑↪ߐࠇߚߎߣ߇⊒┵ߣߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ ‫⼺ޟ‬⣣ߩߺߘẃߌ‫ߪޠ‬ㅢᏱᧁ✎⼺⣣ࠍ᳓ಾࠅߒ‫ੇޔ‬῎Ꮏ⒟ࠍ⚻ࠆߥߤߒߚᓟ‫⺞߿ࠎࠅߺޔ‬๧ᢱࠍᷝടߒߚߺߘߦ 㨪 ࡩ᦬㑆ẃߌㄟࠎߢ⵾ㅧߔࠆߎߣߦࠃࠅ‫ߺޔ‬ߘߦ฽߹ࠇࠆᓸ↢‛㉂⚛ߩ௛߈ߢᾫᚑߐࠇ‫߆߿ࠈ߹ޔ‬ߥ๧ߣ࠴࡯࠭ߦૃߚ㘩ᗵ߇ᓧࠄࠇࠆ߽ߩߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ ᴒ✽⋵ߩ‫⼺ޟ‬⣣ࠃ߁‫⼺߽ޠ‬⣣ࠍੇ῎ߒ‫ޔ‬㤕ߣᵃ⋓ࠍ฽߻ẃߌ᳝ ߽ࠈߺ ߦẃߌㄟࠎߢᾫᚑߐߖ⵾ㅧߐࠇࠆ߇‫῎ੇߩߘޔ‬Ꮏ⒟ߢᓸ↢‛ࠍ↪޿ࠆߎߣߦࠃࠅᾫᚑᦼ
㑆ߩ⍴❗߇࿑ࠄࠇߡ޿ࠆ  ‫ޕ‬ ߹ߚ‫ޔ‬ਛ࿖ߩ‫੃ޟ‬⣣‫⼺ߪޠ‬⣣ߩ⴫㕙ߦࠞࡆࠍ❥ᱺߐߖߡࠞࡆ㩨ߩ⩶♻ߢචಽߦ⼺⣣ߩ⴫㕙ࠍⷒߞߚᓟ‫ޔ‬㈬߿
ߺߘ޽ࠆ޿ߪ㉟ᴤߥߤߩ߽ࠈߺߦẃߌㄟࠎߢᾫᚑߐߖ
ߚ߽ߩߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ᾫᚑ߇ㅴ߻ߣ⼺⣣ߩ⚵❱߇ߥ߼ࠄ߆ߢ
ߨߞߣࠅߒߚ⁁ᘒߦߥࠅ‫ߥ߁ࠃߩ࠭࡯࠴ޔ‬㘩ᗵߣ㘑๧߇ᓧࠄࠇࠆ  ߣߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ ੹࿁‫ޔ‬‫⼺ޟ‬⣣ߩߺߘẃߌ‫῎ੇߩޠ‬Ꮏ⒟ߢ߽‫ޔ‬ᓸ↢‛ 㤕⩶ ࠍ↪޿‫ޔ‬ᾫᚑᦼ㑆ߩ⍴❗ࠍ࿑ࠅ㤕⩶߿ߺߘਛߩ㉂Უ
ߦࠃࠅ࠲ࡦࡄࠢ⾰ߩಽ⸃ࠍଦㅴߒ‫ޔ‬ᯏ⢻ᕈᚑಽࠍ㉯ᚑߔࠆߎߣߦߟ޿ߡᬌ⸛ߒߚ‫ޕ‬㤕⩶ߪߺߘ߿㉟ᴤߦㅢᏱ
↪޿ࠄࠇߡ޿ࠆ߽ߩࠍ૶↪ߒߚ‫ޕ‬ ᯏ⢻ᕈᚑಽߣߒߡߪ‫ࠦࡁࠠޔ‬㘃߿ᄢ⼺‫࡛߿࠭࡯࠴ޔ‬࡯ࠣ࡞࠻‫⊒ߩߤߥ⼺⚊ޔ‬㉂㘩ຠߦ฽߹ࠇ‫ޔ‬᛫േ⣂⎬ൻ߿᛫ട㦂ߩലᨐ߇㜞޿ߣߐࠇࠆࡐ࡝ࠕࡒࡦ  ߦߟ޿ߡᬌ⸛ߒߚ‫ޕ‬⵾ㅧᎿ⒟
⵾ㅧᎿ⒟ ⼺⣣ߩߺߘẃߌߪ‫⵾ޔ‬ㅧᎿ⒟ ࿑  ߦᓥߞߡ‫⼺ޔ‬⣣ߦ
㤕⩶ࠍធ⒳ߒߡ‫ ߹߹ߩߘޔߪߚ߹ޔ‬ኻᾖ ੇ῎ߒߚᓟ‫ޔ‬߽ࠈߺߦẃߌㄟࠎߢ⺞⵾ߒߚ‫ޕ‬

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᳓ಾࠅ⼺⣣

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⼺⣣ߺߘẃߌ࿑㧝 ⼺⣣ߺߘẃߌ⵾ㅧᎿ⒟

ේᢱ⼺⣣ߩ⺞⵾ේᢱ⼺⣣ߩ⺞⵾ ታ㛎ߦଏߔࠆ⼺⣣ߪ‫⹜῎ੇޔ‬㛎 ೨⊒㉂ ߢߪ࿖↥ᄢ⼺ࠍ૶↪ߒߡ⼺੃ࠍ⺞⵾ߒ‫ޔ‬ಝ࿕೷ߣߒߡߦ߇ࠅߣ⎫㉄ࠞ࡞ࠪ࠙ࡓࠍᷙวߒߡട߃‫ޔ‬ኅᐸ↪⼺⣣⵾ㅧེߢ⺞⵾ߒߚ‫ߘߺޔߚ߹ޕ‬ẃߌ⹜㛎ߢߪ‫ޔ‬Ꮢ⽼ᧁ✎⼺⣣ࠍ㔚ሶ࡟ࡦࠫߢ᳓ಾࠅߒߡ↪޿ߚ‫ޕ‬㤕⩶⢩ሶߩ⺞⵾㤕⩶⢩ሶߩ⺞⵾  ⒳㘃ߩ㤕⩶ #URGTIWKNNWUQT[\CG ᩣ‫ޔ‬
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ࡠ࡜ࠗ࠼ൻߒߚᓟ‫ߦࡦࠛ࡞࠻ޔ‬⒖ߒ‫͠ ࠍࡦࠛ࡞࠻ޔ‬એਅߩᷫ࿶Ớ❗ߢ㒰߈‫ޔ‬ᱷߐࠍࠕ࠮࠻࠾࠻࡝࡞ߢṁ߆ߒ‫*ޔ‬2.% ߢಽᨆߒߚ‫ޕ‬ *2.% ߩ᧦ઙ ⵝ⟎㧦㜞ㅦᶧ૕ࠢࡠࡑ࠻ࠣ࡜ࡈ  ᣣᧄಽశࢃ  ࠞ࡜ࡓ㧦.KEJTQURJGT42 G ǴO 㑐᧲ൻቇࢃ  ⒖േ⋧㧦ࠕ࠮࠻࠾࠻࡝࡞㧦᳓  #      ࠕ࠮࠻࠾࠻࡝࡞㧦᳓  $  ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ㧦㨪OKP㧦#㧑       㨪OKP㧦$㧑       㨪OKP㧦#㧑 ᵹㅦ㧦ONOKP ᬌ಴ེ㧦Ⱟశᬌ಴ེ 'ZPO‫'ޔ‬OPO  ౝㇱᮡḰ㧦ࠫࠕࡒࡁࡋࠠࠨࡦੑႮ㉄ႮᏒ⽼ຠߩಽᨆ
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㪘㫃㪺⓸⚛㪆ో⓸⚛㩿㩼㪀᳓ṁᕈ⓸⚛㪆ో⓸⚛㩿㩼㪀ߺߘẃߌᎿ⒟ߢߩ⚻ᣣᄌൻߺߘẃߌᎿ⒟ߢߩ⚻ᣣᄌൻ 㤕⩶ 0Q ࠍធ⒳ߒߡੇ῎ߒߚ⼺⣣ߣኻᾖ඙ߩ⼺⣣⚂ I ࠍẃߌᐥ I ߦẃߌㄟߺ‫⚻ޔ‬ᣣ⊛ߦࠨࡦࡊ࡝
ࡦࠣߒ‫ޔ‬ಽᨆࠍⴕߞߚ⚿ᨐࠍ࿑ ‫ޕߚߒ␜ߦ  ⴫ޔ‬ ᳓ಽ‫ޔ‬Ⴎಽ‫ࠢࡄࡦ࠲⚐ޔ⚛⓸✚ޔ‬ᘒ⓸⚛‫ޔ‬᳓ṁᕈ⓸⚛‫ޔ‬6%# นṁᕈ⓸⚛‫ޔ‬㧑ࠕ࡞ࠦ࡯࡞นṁᕈ⓸⚛ߪ ᣣએ㒠৻ቯߩ୯ߣߥߞߚ‫ޕ‬ ᳓ಽߪ‫ޔ‬ೋ⊒ 㨪㧑ߩ߽ߩ߇  ᣣᓟߦߪ 㧑บߦߥࠅ‫ޔ‬Ⴎಽߪẃߌᐥߘࠇߙࠇߢ 㨪㧑บߣߥߞߚ‫ޕ‬ߺߘߩഀว߇ᄙ޿ΦߣΧߩẃߌᐥߢߪ‫ޔ‬Ⴎಽ߇ 㨪㧑ߢ‫⾰ࠢࡄࡦ࠲ޔ‬᳓ṁൻ₸‫ޔ‬6%# นṁൻ₸‫ޔ‬㧑ࠕ࡞ࠦ࡯࡞นṁൻ₸߇‫ޔ‬㤕⩶૶↪඙ߣኻᾖ඙ߢ߶ߣࠎߤᏅ߇ߥ
߆ߞߚ‫ߦߘߺߪࠇߎޕ‬฽߹ࠇࠆ㤕⩶߿㉂Უߥߤߩᓸ↢‛߇ᄙ޿ߚ߼‫῎ੇޔ‬Ꮏ⒟ߢ૶↪ߒߚ㤕⩶ߩ㉂⚛ߩലᨐ߇⋡┙ߚߥ߆ߞߚ߽ߩߣᕁࠊࠇࠆ‫ઁޕ‬ᣇ‫ߩߘߺޔ‬ഀว߇ዋߥ޿Σ㨪Υߢߪ㤕⩶૶↪඙ߣኻᾖ඙ߢ࠲ࡦࡄࠢ⾰ߩนṁൻ₸ߩᏅ߇ᄢ߈߆ߞߚ‫ޕ‬㤕⩶૶↪඙ߢߪ㤕⩶ߩ
㉂⚛ߦࠃࠅ࠲ࡦࡄࠢ⾰ߩಽ⸃߇ଦㅴߐࠇ‫ޔ‬นṁᕈߩࠕࡒࡁ㉄߿ࡍࡊ࠴࠼߇Ⴧടߒߚߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬ 㘩๧ߩⷰὐ߆ࠄႮಽ߇㜞޿߽ߩߪᢘ㆙ߐࠇ߇ߜߢ޽
ࠆ‫ߩߘߺޕ‬ഀว߇ᦨ߽ዋߥ޿Υߦẃߌߚ⼺⣣ߩႮಽߪ⚂ 㧑ߢ޽ߞߚ߇‫ޔ‬Ꮢ⽼ຠߩಽᨆ⚿ᨐߢᦨ߽ૐ޿߽ߩߩ 㧑ࠃࠅૐ߆ߞߚߩߢ‫ޔ‬㘩๧ߩὐߢ᦭೑ߢ޽ࠆ‫߹ޕ‬ߚ‫ޔ‬ẃߌᐥΥߢߪႮಽߪૐ޿߇‫⿒ޔ‬㈬ߩഀว߇ᄙ޿ߚ
߼ࠕ࡞ࠦ࡯࡞ಽ߇⚂ 㧑ߣᄙߊ㕒⩶ലᨐ߽㜞޿ߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬

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ᶐẃᤨ㑆㩷䋨ᣣ䋩ᶐẃᤨ㑆㩷䋨ᣣ䋩   㪋㪇         ࿑㧟
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ኻᾖ࿑㧟ᶐẃਛߩ࠲ࡦࡄࠢ⾰᳓ṁൻ₸ߩᄌൻ‫ޓ‬ో⓸⚛㩿㩼㪀

࠲ࡦࡄࠢ⾰᳓ṁൻ₸ 9 䉺䊮䊌䉪⾰᳓ṁൻ₸㩿㪘㪣㪚㪀㩿㩼㪀䉺䊮䊌䉪⾰᳓ṁൻ₸㩷㩿㪫㪚㪘㪀㩿㩼㪀ో⓸⚛㩷㩿㩼㪀

䌰㪟᳓ಽ㩷㩿㩼㪀

ੇ῎Ꮏ⒟㧔೨⊒㉂㧕ߦ߅ߌࠆ⚻ᤨᄌൻ 㤕⩶ 0Q ࠍធ⒳ߒߚ⼺⣣ߣኻᾖߣߒߡ㤕⩶ࠍធ⒳ߒߥ޿⼺⣣ࠍߘࠇߙࠇ ͠ߩࠗࡦࠠࡘࡌ࡯࠲࡯ߢ ᤨ㑆ੇ῎ߒߚ‫ޕ‬ ‫ᤨ ޔޔޔޔޔޔ‬㑆ߢࠨࡦࡊ࡝ࡦࠣߒ‫ޔ‬ಽᨆࠍⴕߞߚ⚿ᨐࠍ࿑  ߦ␜ߒߚ‫ޕ‬ ᳓ಽߪ㤕⩶૶↪඙ߣኻᾖ඙ߢ߶ߣࠎߤ৻⥌ߒߚ⚻ᤨᄌൻࠍ␜ߒ‫ᤨ ޔ‬㑆ᓟߦ 㧑߹ߢ‫ᤨ ޔ‬㑆ᓟߦߪ㧑߹ߢᷫዋߒߚ‫ޕ‬ R* ߪ‫ޔ‬㤕⩶૶↪඙ߪ  ᤨ㑆ᓟ߹ߢᓢ‫ߦޘ‬ૐਅߒ‫ޔ‬ᤨ㑆ᓟߦ਄᣹ߒߚ߇‫ޔ‬ኻᾖ඙ߪ  ᤨ㑆ᓟߦ਄᣹ߒߚ‫ޕ‬
㤕⩶૶↪඙ߢߪ R* ߩᄌൻߪዊߐ߆ߞߚ‫ޕ‬ ✚⓸⚛ߪ  ᤨ㑆ᓟߦߤߜࠄ߽⚂ 㧑߆ࠄ⚂ 㧑߹ߢૐਅߒߚ‫ޕ‬
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㪈㪇㪇

ੇ῎ᤨ㑆㩷䋨ᤨ㑆䋩ੇ῎ᤨ㑆㩷䋨ᤨ㑆䋩


㪈㪉
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     㪇   㪌㪇   㪈㪇㪇   ࿑㧞
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㪈㪇㪇

ੇ῎ᤨ㑆㩷䋨ᤨ㑆䋩ੇ῎ᤨ㑆㩷䋨ᤨ㑆䋩


㪈㪉
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ੇ῎ᤨ㑆㩷䋨ᤨ㑆䋩ੇ῎ᤨ㑆㩷㩿ᤨ㑆㪀

ኻᾖ
㤕⩶૶↪

࿑⼺⣣ੇ῎⹜㛎⚿ᨐ 㤕⩶0 ⚐࠲ࡦࡄࠢ⾰‫⾰ࠢࡄࡦ࠲ޔ‬᳓ṁൻ₸‫ޔ‬6%# นṁൻ₸‫ޔ‬㧑ࠕ࡞ࠦ࡯࡞นṁൻ₸ߪ ᤨ㑆⚻ㆊߢ㤕⩶૶↪඙ߪᕆỗߦᄌൻߒߚ‫ޕ‬හߜ⚐࠲ࡦࡄࠢ⾰߇ 㧑߆ࠄ 㧑ߦᷫዋߒ‫⾰ࠢࡄࡦ࠲ޔ‬᳓ṁൻ₸‫ޔ‬6%# นṁൻ₸‫ޔ‬㧑ࠕ࡞ࠦ࡯࡞นṁൻ₸߇ߘࠇߙࠇ 㧑‫ޔ‬㧑‫ޔ‬㧑ߦ਄᣹ߒߚߩߦኻߒ‫ޔ‬ኻᾖ඙ߩᄌൻߪ 㧑‫ޔ‬㧑‫ޔ‬㧑ߣዊߐ߆ߞߚ‫ޕ‬㤕⩶૶↪඙ߢߪ‫ޔ‬㤕⩶ߦࠃࠅ࠲ࡦࡄࠢ
⾰߇ಽ⸃ߐࠇ‫ޔ‬᳓ṁᕈߩࠕࡒࡁ㉄߿ࡍࡊ࠴࠼ߥߤߦᄌ
ൻߒߚ߽ߩߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆ  ‫ޕ‬ ࡐ࡝ࠕࡒࡦߦߟ޿ߡߪ‫ᤨ ޔ‬㑆ᓟߩ㤕⩶૶↪඙ߣኻᾖ඙ߢ᷹ቯߒߚ⚿ᨐࠍ⴫  ߦ␜ߒߚ‫ޕ‬㤕⩶૶↪඙ߪࡊ࠻࡟ࠬࠪࡦ 2WV ‫ ࡦ࡝ࡌ࠳ࠞޔ‬%WF ‫ ࡦࡒ࡜࠴ޔ‬6[T ߇ኻᾖ඙ߦᲧߴߡૐ޿୯ߢ޽ߞߚ߇‫ ࡦࠫࡒ࡞ࡍࠬޔ‬5RF
ߣࠬࡍ࡞ࡒࡦ 5RO ߪ㜞޿୯ࠍ␜ߒߚ‫ޕ‬㪫㪚㪘⓸⚛㪆ో⓸⚛㩿㩼㪀



 ߹ߚ‫ޔ‬ẃߌᐥΥߩ㤕⩶૶↪඙ߢߩ
2WV‫ޔ‬5RF‫ޔ‬5RO ߩᄌൻࠍ࿑  ߦ␜ߒߚ߇‫ޔ‬2WV ߇ૐਅ௑ะߣㅒߦ 5RF‫ޔ‬5RO
ߪჇട௑ะߢ޽ߞߚ‫ޕ‬2WV ߆ࠄ 5RF ߇วᚑߐࠇ‫ޔ‬5RF ߆ࠄ 5RO ߇วᚑߐࠇࠆ  ߎߣߣߩ৻⥌ࠍ␜ߒߚ‫ޕ‬











ᶐẃᤨ㑆(ᣣ䋩











ᶐẃᤨ㑆(ᣣ䋩












ᶐẃᤨ㑆(ᣣ䋩࿑㧡ᶐẃਛߩࡐ࡝ࠕࡒࡦߩᄌൻ
㧠㧚߅ࠊࠅߦ ‫⼺ޟ‬⣣ߺߘẃߌ‫⵾ߩޠ‬ㅧᎿ⒟ᡷༀߩߚ߼ߦ㧘ੇ῎Ꮏ⒟㧔೨⊒㉂㧕ߢ㤕⩶ࠍ↪޿‫ߘߺޔ‬ẃߌᎿ⒟ߢߪ⋵↥ߩ‫⿒ޟ‬㈬‫ࠍޠ‬ẃߌᐥߦ↪޿ߡ⹜૞ࠍⴕ޿‫῎ੇޔ‬ㆊ⒟ߣᾫ
ᚑㆊ⒟ߦ߅ߌࠆᚑಽ‫⚛⓸ޔ‬ᚑಽ‫ޔ‬ᯏ⢻ᕈᚑಽߣߒߡࡐ

䌭V

䌭V⴫㧠ߺߘẃߌ㧟㧜ᣣᓟߩႮಽ෸߮⓸⚛ᚑಽ࠲ࡦࡄࠢ⾰㕖࠲ࡦࡄࠢᘒ
㕖࠲ࡦࡄࠢᘒႮಽ ᳓ṁൻ₸ 
⓸⚛ 6%# ⓸⚛ #NE ẃߌᐥ
㤕⩶૶↪ ኻᾖ
㤕⩶૶↪ ኻᾖ
㤕⩶૶↪ ኻᾖ
㤕⩶૶↪ ኻᾖΣ 
 
  Τ        
⴫㧠     Υ         Φ         Χ         ࡅ࠻ߩઍ⴫⊛ߥࡐ࡝ࠕࡒࡦߣߐࠇࠆ 2WV‫ޔ‬5RF‫ޔ‬5RO
ߩ  ᣣ⚻ㆊᓟߩ⚿ᨐࠍ⴫  ߦ‫ޔ‬㜞ㅦᶧ૕ࠢࡠࡑ࠻ࠣ࡜ࡓࠍ࿑  ߦ␜ߒߚ‫ޕ‬ẃߌᐥΣ㨪Χߢ㤕⩶૶↪඙߇ኻᾖ඙ߣᲧセߒߡ㜞޿୯ߣߥߞߚ‫ޕ‬⴫㧡ߺߘẃߌᣣ⚻ㆊᓟߩࡐ࡝ࠕࡒࡦ OII
ࡊ࠻࡟ࠬࠪࡦ
ࠬࡍ࡞ࡒࠫࡦࠬࡍ࡞ࡒࡦ ẃߌᐥ
㤕⩶૶↪ ኻᾖ
㤕⩶૶↪ ኻᾖ
㤕⩶૶↪ ኻᾖ Σ                 ⴫㧡Τ   
  Υ       Φ      Χ   
 



䋱䋰䋰

㤕⩶૶↪
䍛䍫䍽䍷䍮䍚䍼䍻
䍪䍽䍢䍸䍛䍚䍻
䋵䋰


䍛䍫䍷䍮䍻

䋰


䋱䋰䋰

ኻᾖ
䍪䍽䍢䍸䍛䍚䍻
䍛䍫䍽䍷䍮䍚䍼䍻䋵䋰䍛䍫䍽䍷䍮䍻

䋰

䋰
䋵
䋱䋰
䋱䋵
䋲䋰
䋲䋵
ᤨ㑆(䋨ಽ䋩࿑ 㧠 ࡐ࡝ࠕࡒࡦߩ㜞ㅦᶧ૕ࠢࡠࡑ࠻ࠣ࡜ࡓ
㧔ẃߌᐥ Υ ߦᣣᶐẃ㧕  

࡝ࠕࡒࡦߩ⚻ᤨᄌൻߦߟ޿ߡᬌ⸛ߒߚ‫ޕ‬ ⚿ᨐߪએਅߩߣ߅ࠅ‫ޕ‬ ⼺⣣ߩੇ῎⹜㛎ࠍⴕ޿‫ ޔ‬⒳㘃ߩ㤕⩶ߩ߁ߜ‫࠲ޔ‬ࡦࡄࠢ⾰ߩนṁൻ₸ߩ㜞޿ 0Q #URGTIKNNWUUQLCG
+(1 ࠍㆬᛮߒߚ‫ޕ‬ 㤕⩶ 0Q ࠍ↪޿ߡੇ῎⹜㛎ࠍⴕ޿‫ᤨ⚻ޔ‬ᄌൻߦߟ޿ߡᬌ⸛ߒߚ⚿ᨐ‫ޔ‬㤕⩶૶↪඙ߢ࠲ࡦࡄࠢ⾰᳓ṁൻ₸‫ޔ‬6%# นṁൻ₸‫ޔ‬㧑ࠕ࡞ࠦ࡯࡞นṁൻ₸߇Ⴧട௑ะ
ࠍ‫߇⾰ࠢࡄࡦ࠲⚐ޔ‬ᷫዋ௑ะࠍ␜ߒߚ‫ࠄ߆ߣߎߩߎޕ‬㤕⩶ࠍੇ῎Ꮏ⒟ߢ↪޿ࠆߎߣߦࠃࠅ‫ߩ⾰ࠢࡄࡦ࠲ޔ‬ಽ⸃߇ଦㅴߐࠇ‫ޔ‬นṁᕈߩࠕࡒࡁ㉄߿ࡍࡊ࠴࠼߇Ⴧടߒ
ߚߎߣ߇ಽ߆ߞߚ‫ޕ‬㤕⩶૶↪඙ߢߪੇ῎  ᤨ㑆ᓟߩࡐ࡝ࠕࡒࡦߩ 2WV ߪዋߥߊ‫ޔ‬5RF ߣ 5RO ߇ኻᾖ඙ࠃࠅᄙ߆
ߞߚ‫ޕ‬ ☨㤈วࠊߖߺߘߣ⿒㈬ߢ⺞⵾ߒߚẃߌᐥߦੇ῎⼺⣣ࠍẃߌㄟߺ⚻ᣣᄌൻߦߟ޿ߡᬌ⸛ߒߚ⚿ᨐ‫ޔ‬ẃߌㄟߺ  ᣣߢᐔⴧ⁁ᘒߣߥߞߚ‫ ߩࡦࡒࠕ࡝ࡐޕ‬2WV‫ޔ‬5RF‫ޔ‬
5RO ߪ㤕⩶૶↪඙ߢ㜞޿୯ߢ⚻ㆊߒߚ‫ޕ‬ ẃߌᐥΥ ߺߘ㧦⿒㈬㧩I㧦ON ߦẃߌㄟࠎߛ⼺⣣ߩႮಽߪ⚂ 㧑ߢᏒ⽼ຠߣᲧセߒߡᦨ߽ૐ߆ߞ
ߚ‫ޕ‬

























ᢥ  ₂ ቟↰ᱜᤘ㧦ߣ߁߰ࠃ߁⵾ㅧߦ㑐ߔࠆ⎇ⓥ㧙⵾ㅧ⒁વߩ⑼ቇ

⊛⸃ᨆߣᛛⴚዷ㐿㧙㧘ᣣ㘩Ꮏ⹹㧘㧘㨪   ቟↰ᱜᤘ࡮ဈญ⌀᮸࡮㖸ᚑᵗల࡮ᅏᵿ⌀ᤨ࡮㊄ၔߐ߈߃࡮

ᧄㇹን჻ᒎ࡮ᒰጊᷡༀ㧦⼺⣣ੇ῎Ꮏ⒟ߦ߅ߌࠆᓸ↢‛ߩߪߚߔᓎഀ㧘ᣣ㘩Ꮏ⹹㧘㧘㨪   ᷰㄝ◊ੑ࡮ᶏ⠧ᩮ⧷㓶࡮ᄥ↰ノᄦ㧦ᄢ⼺㘩ຠ శ℘㧘᧲੩ 㧘R   ᣧ↰㇌ᐽ㧦ࡐ࡝ࠕࡒࡦ̌㐳ኼ߳ߩࠠ࡯ࡢ࡯࠼̍
㧘㘩ߩ⑼ቇ㧘㧘㨪   ዊේືੑ㇢࡮㋈ᧁ㓉㓶࡮ጤየ⵨ਯ⋙ୃ㧦ᡷ⸓㘩ຠಽᨆࡂࡦ

࠼ࡉ࠶ࠢ ᑪᏡ⥢㧘᧲੩ 㧘R   ቟↰ᱜᤘ࡮᧻ᧄື਽࡮ဈญ⌀᮸࡮ዊᵄᧄ⋥ᔘ㧦/QPCUEWU

ዻ⩶ࠍ↪޿ߚߣ߁߰ࠃ߁ߩᾫᚑㆊ⒟ߦ߅ߌࠆൻቇᚑಽߩᄌ

ൻ㧘ᣣ㘩Ꮏ⹹㧘㧘㨪   ᣣᧄ㘩ຠ⑼ቇᎿቇળ࡮㘩ຠಽᨆ⎇ⓥળ౒ห✬➏㧦ᣂ࡮㘩ຠಽᨆᴺާΤި శ℘㧘᧲੩ 㧘R㨪  



 
































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ᨲᯌᑄ♧Ᵽ䋨䉳䊠䊉䊷䊦䋩䉕೑↪䈚䈢䊋䉟䉥䉣䉺䊉䊷䊦䈱⵾ㅧ䈮㑐䈜䉎⎇ⓥ㩷᧻↰⨃᮸㪁 䊶ᢪ↰૫⩿ሶ㪁 䊶⇌↰᤯๋㪁㪁 䊶਄↰৻ን㪁㪁 䊶⷏␭৻㇢㪁㪁 䊶᳓᳗᱄ੑ㪁㪁 㩷㪁㩷 ᓸ↢‛ᔕ↪ㇱ䇮㪁㪁ᾢᧄ⋵ᨐታㄘᬺදห⚵วㅪวળ੐ᬺᧄㇱ㩷㪛㪼㫍㪼㫃㫆㫇㫄㪼㫅㫋㩷㫆㪽㩷㪙㫀㫆㪄㪼㫋㪿㪸㫅㫆㫃㩷㪽㫉㫆㫄㩷㪚㫀㫋㫉㫌㫊㩷㪤㫆㫉㪸㫊㫊㪼㫊㩷㪪㪿㫀㪾㪼㫂㫀㩷㪤㪘㪫㪪㪬㪛㪘㪁 㪃㩷㪢㪸㫅㪸㫂㫆㩷㪪㪘㪠㪫㪘㪁 㪃㩷㪪㪿㫀㫅㪾㫆㩷㪟㪘㪫㪘㪛㪘㪁㪁 㪃㩷㪢㪸㫑㫌㫋㫆㫄㫀㩷㪬㪜㪛㪘㪁㪁 㪃㩷㪰㫌㫀㪺㪿㫀㫉㫆㫌㩷㪥㪠㪪㪟㪠㩷㪁㪁 㪸㫅㪻㩷㪢㫀㫅㫁㫀㩷㪤㪠㪱㪬㪥㪘㪞㪘㪁㪁㩷ᨲᯌ㘃䈱䉳䊠䊷䉴࿶៦☺䈎䉌ᓧ䉌䉏䉎䉳䊠䊉䊷䊦䋨ᑄ♧Ᵽ䋩䉕᦭ല೑↪䈚䇮䊋䉟䉥䉣䉺䊉䊷䊦䉕↢↥䈜䉎䈖䈫䉕⋡⊛䈮⹜㛎䉕ⴕ䈦䈢䇯䉳䊠䊉䊷䊦䉕ല₸⊛䈮䉣䉺䊉䊷䊦ൻ䈜䉎䈢䉄䈱ᣂⷙ㉂Უ䈱ขᓧ෸䈶䈠䈱⊒㉂᧦ઙ╬䈮䈧䈇䈩ᬌ⸛䉕ⴕ䈦䈢䇯Ꮢ⽼㉂Უ䈎䉌䉣䉺䊉䊷䊦↢↥⢻ജ䈮ఝ䉏䈢ᩣ䉕䉮䊮䊃䊨䊷䊦ᩣ䈫䈚䈩ㆬ೎䈚䇮䉳䊠䊉䊷䊦฽䉁䉏䉎⎣㉄䉟䉥䊮䈱ᓇ㗀䉕ᛠី䈜䉎䈢䉄䇮⎣㉄ᷝടኙᄤၭ࿾䈪䈱↢⢒⹜㛎䉕ⴕ䈭䈦䈢䈫䈖䉐䇮⎣㉄䉟䉥䊮↢⢒㒖ኂ䈏⏕⹺䈘䉏䈢䇯䈖䈱䈢䉄䇮ല₸⊛䈮䉣䉺䊉䊷䊦⊒㉂䉕ⴕ䈉䈮䈲⎣㉄⠴ᕈ䉕ᜬ䈦䈢㉂Უ䈏ᔅⷐ䈪䈅䉎䈫⠨䈋䉌䉏䈢䇯䈠䈖䈪䇮䉳䊠䊉䊷䊦෸䈶ᨐ⊹ᱷᷲ䈎䉌㊁↢㉂Უ䉕ಽ㔌ขᓧ䈚䇮䈠䈱ਛ䈎䉌䇮⎣㉄⠴ᕈ䈮ఝ䉏䇮䉮䊮䊃䊨䊷䊦ᩣ䈫ห╬䈱䉣䉺䊉䊷䊦↢↥⢻ജ䉕஻䈋䈢㉂Უ㩷 䋨6TWNCURQTCዻ䋩䉕ㆬ೎䈚䈢䇯䈖䈱㊁↢㉂Უ䈱⊒㉂᧦ઙ䈮䈧䈇䈩⺞ᩏ䉕ⴕ䈇䇮䉴䉬䊷䊦䉝䉾䊒⹜㛎䉕ⴕ䈦䈢⚿ᨐ䇮㗅⺞䈮⊒㉂䈚⊒㉂ല₸䈲⚂ 㪎㪉㪅㪏䋦䈪䈅䈦䈢䇯䈘䉌䈮⊒㉂ല₸䉕਄䈕䉎䈢䉄䈮⎣㉄ᷝടၭ࿾䈪⠴ᕈ䉕㜞䉄䈢㉂Უ䉕↪䈇䉎䈖䈫䈪䉳䊠䊉䊷䊦䈱․ᕈ䈮ኻᔕ䈚䈢䉣䉺䊉䊷䊦⊒㉂䈏น⢻䈮䈭䈦䈢䇯㩷㩷㩷䋱㪅㩷 䈲䈛䉄䈮㩷㩷ᾢᧄ⋵ߦ߅޿ߡߪ‫ޔ‬ടᎿ↪ේᢱߣߒߡߺ߆ࠎ࡮ਛ᥅ᨲ⚂  㩎㩧㧛ᐕ߇៦᳝ߐࠇ‫  ⚂ޔ‬㩎㩧ᒝ㧛ᐕߩᨲᯌ៦᳝ᱷᷲ߇↢ߓߡ޿ࠆ‫ߩߎޕ‬ᨲᯌ៦᳝ᱷᷲߩ
࿶៦ߦࠃࠅᓧࠄࠇࠆࠫࡘࡁ࡯࡞ߪ⚂  㩎㩧ᒝ㧛ᐕߦ਄ߞߡ߅ࠅ‫ޔ‬ᚑಽ⊛ߦ♧ಽࠍ฽᦭ߒߡ޿ࠆߚ߼‫ࡃޔ‬ࠗࠝࡑࠬ⾗Ḯߣߒߡ೑↪ߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆ  ‫ޕ‬ ߎߩߚ߼‫ޔ‬ᾢᧄ⋵ᨐታㅪߣ౒หߢࠫࡘࡁ࡯࡞ߩ᦭
ല೑↪ߦߟ޿ߡ⎇ⓥࠍⴕ޿‫ޔ‬ല₸⊛ߦࠛ࠲ࡁ࡯࡞ൻ
ߔࠆߚ߼ߩᣂⷙ㉂Უߩขᓧ෸߮ߘߩ⊒㉂᧦ઙ╬ߦߟ޿ߡᬌ⸛ࠍⴕߞߚ‫⊒ޕ‬㉂ේᢱߢ޽ࠆࠫࡘࡁ࡯࡞ߩ․ᕈࠍᛠីߔࠆߣߣ߽ߦ⊒㉂ㆡᕈߩ㜞޿㉂Უࠍㆬᛮߔ
ࠆߚ߼ߦ㉂Უߩࠬࠢ࡝࡯ࡦࠣࠍⴕ޿ࡃࠗࠝࠛ࠲ࡁ࡯
࡞↢↥ߩၮ␆⊛⹜㛎ࠍⴕߞߚ‫ޕ‬㩷䋲㪅㩷 ታ㛎㩷
㩷㪉㪅㪈㩷 䉣䉺䊉䊷䊦⊒㉂⹜㛎䈮↪䈇䈢㉂Უ㩷㪉㪅㪈㪅㪈㩷 Ꮢ⽼㉂Უ䈮䉋䉎⊒㉂ᕈ䈱ᬌ⸛㩷 ࠦࡦ࠻ࡠ࡯࡞ᩣߩㆬቯ
ᓸ↢‛ಽ⼑ᯏ㑐߆ࠄࠫࡘࡁ࡯࡞ߦㆡߒߡ޿ࠆߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇߚ♧Ᵽ෸߮⊒㉂♧Ᵽ↱᧪ߩ㉂Უ  ᩣࠍ⾼౉ߒ‫ࠍ࡞࡯ࡁࡘࠫޔ‬ၭ࿾ߣߒߡ⊒㉂⹜㛎ࠍⴕߥߞߚ‫ޕ‬
0$4% ෸߮ 0$4% ߩ㧞ᩣ߇ࠛ࠲ࡁ࡯࡞↢↥⢻ജߦఝࠇߡ޿ߚߚ߼‫࡞࡯ࡠ࠻ࡦࠦޔ‬ᩣߣߒߡㆬ೎ߒߚ‫ޕ‬ ࠫࡘࡁ࡯࡞ߩ⎣㉄Ớᐲ᷹ቯၭ࿾ߣߒߡ૶↪ߔࠆࠫࡘࡁ࡯࡞ේᶧߦߪ⎣㉄ᷝടࠍⴕߞߡ߅ࠅ‫ߪࡦࠝࠗ㉄⎣ޔ‬㉂Უߩ↢⢒ߦᓇ㗀ࠍਈ߃ࠆߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆߚ߼㉂⚛ᴺߦߡ⎣㉄ࠗࠝࡦỚᐲࠍ᷹ቯߒߚ‫ޕ‬㪉㪅㪈㪅㪉㩷 ㊁↢㉂Უ䈱ขᓧ䈫⊒㉂ᕈ䈱ᬌ⸛㊁↢㉂Უߩਛ߆ࠄ⎣㉄⠴ᕈߣࠫࡘࡁ࡯࡞ߩࠛ࠲ࡁ࡯࡞⊒㉂ߦㆡߒߚ㉂Უࠍขᓧߔࠆߚ߼‫ޔ‬ᨐ⊹ᱷᷲ߆ࠄ㧤ᩣ‫ޔ‬ࠫࡘࡁ࡯࡞߆ࠄ㧤ᩣߩ㊁↢㉂Უࠍಽ㔌ߒ‫࡯ࡁ࠲ࠛޔ‬࡞⊒㉂ᕈࠍ⺞ߴߚ‫⸘ޕ‬㉂Უ  ᩣߩਛ߆ࠄࠦࡦ࠻ࡠ࡯
࡞ᩣߣห╬ߩࠛ࠲ࡁ࡯࡞↢↥⢻ജ෸߮㜞޿⎣㉄⠴ᕈࠍ஻߃ߚ㊁↢㉂Უߩขᓧࠍ⋡⊛ߣߒߚ‫ޕ‬㩷㪉㪅㪉㩷 ⊒㉂᧦ઙ䈱ᬌ⸛㩷㪉㪅㪉㪅㪈㩷 ㊁↢㉂Უ䈮䉋䉎⊒㉂⹜㛎㩷ᨐ⊹ᱷᷲ߆ࠄᓧࠄࠇߚ㊁↢㉂Უߦߟ޿ߡ‫ᦨޔ‬ㆡߥ⊒㉂᧦ઙߩᬌ⸛ࠍⴕߞߚ‫⹜ޕ‬㛎ߪ $Zࠑ‫ޔ‬᷷ᐲ 㨪͠㧕‫ޔ‬R* ή⺞ᢛ㧔R*㨪㧕ߩ᧦ઙߦ߅޿ߡ‫ޔ‬㗅⺞ߦࠛ࠲ࡁ࡯࡞⊒㉂߇ⴕ߃ࠆߎߣࠍᜰᮡߣߒߚ‫ޕ‬߹ߚࠫࡘࡁ࡯࡞ਛߩ♧ಽࠍ 㧑એ਄ᶖ⾌ߢ߈ࠆߎߣ߽ၮḰߣߒߚ‫ޕ‬㪉㪅㪉㪅㪉㩷 䉴䉬䊷䊦䉝䉾䊒⹜㛎㩷ᨐ⊹ᱷᷲ߆ࠄᓧࠄࠇߚ㊁↢㉂Უߦߟ޿ߡ‫߽ࠛᦨޔ‬࠲ࡁ࡯࡞↢↥ߩࠃ߆ߞߚ⩶ᩣࠍ↪޿ߡኈ㊂ . ߢߩࠬࠤ࡯࡞ࠕ࠶ࡊ⹜㛎ࠍⴕ޿‫↥↢ߩ࡞࡯ࡁ࠲ࠛޔ‬ᱠ⇐߹ࠅࠍ⸘᷹ߒߚ‫⹜ࡊ࠶ࠕ࡞࡯ࠤࠬޕ‬㛎ߩ᧦ઙࠍ࿑㧝ߦ␜ߔ‫ޕ‬㩷㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 䉳䊠䊉䊷䊦ᶧ䋨䌂䌸䋲䋰㫦䋱䋰䌫䌧䋩㩷㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㸣㸠⊒㉂䋷ᣣ㑆㩷㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 ⊒㉂ᶧ䋨䋱䋰䌫䌧䋩㩷㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㸣㩷㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 ㆙ᔃಽ㔌䋨਄Ẵ䉂ᶧ䋨䋷䋮䋸䌫䌧䋩㩷㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㸣㸠⫳⇐㩷㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 䉣䉺䊉䊷䊦⫳⇐ᶧ䋨䋰䋮䋴䋸䌫䌧䋩㩷㩷࿑䋱㩷 䉳䊠䊉䊷䊦䉕↪䈇䈢䉣䉺䊉䊷䊦⊒㉂㩷
㩷
㩷
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 ⴫  ㉂Უߩ↢⢒ߦ෸߷ߔ⎣㉄ߩᓇ㗀䋳㪅㩷 ⚿ᨐ෸䈶⠨ኤ㩷㩷㪊㪅㪈㪅㪈㩷 Ꮢ⽼㉂Უ䈮䉋䉎⊒㉂ᕈ䈱ᬌ⸛㩷㧺㧮㧾㧯㧞㧝㧢

ࠞࡆ࡮㉂Უ↪ኙᄤၭ࿾%(7ON 


⎣㉄ᷝട
ኙᄤၭ࿾
%(7ON 㧺㧮㧾㧯㧞㧞㧠





㧺㧮㧾㧯㧟㧠㧞





㧺㧮㧾㧯㧟㧠㧟





㧺㧮㧾㧯㧟㧠㧠





㧺㧮㧾㧯㧟㧠㧡





  ⹜㛎㉂Უ

㧔㧕䉮䊮䊃䊨䊷䊦ᩣߩㆬቯ

Ꮢ⽼㉂Უ  ᩣࠍ↪޿ߡࠫࡘࡁ࡯࡞ࠍၭ࿾ߣߒߡ⊒㉂⹜㛎ࠍⴕߥߞߚ⚿ᨐࠍ⴫㧝ߦ␜ߔ‫ޕ‬0$4% ෸߮ 0$4% ߩ  ᩣ߇ࠛ࠲ࡁ࡯࡞↢↥⢻ജߦఝࠇߡ޿
ߚߚ߼‫࡞࡯ࡠ࠻ࡦࠦޔ‬ᩣߣߒߡㆬ೎ߒߚ‫ޕ‬㧔⴫ 㧕⴫  ฦ⒳㉂Უߩࠛ࠲ࡁ࡯࡞↢↥ᕈ  ⹜㛎㉂Უ

ࠛ࠲ࡁ࡯࡞↢↥㊂㧔㧑㧕̪㧺㧮㧾㧯㧟㧠㧣

NBRC 216

4.91



㧞

㧺㧮㧾㧯㧟㧠㧤



㧞

NBRC 224

6.22

㧺㧮㧾㧯㧟㧠㧥

NBRC 342

2.34



㧞

㧺㧮㧾㧯㧟㧢㧡

NBRC 343

2.22



㧠

㧺㧮㧾㧯㧝㧥㧡㧡

NBRC 344

2.27





NBRC 345

6.15

NBRC 347

1.45

NBRC 348

1.12

NBRC 349

1.28

NBRC 365

2.20

NBRC 1955

2.28

̪ࠛ࠲ࡁ࡯࡞↢↥㊂ߪ q$Z ࠫࡘࡁ࡯࡞ኻᲧ⊒㉂᧦ઙ㧧૶↪㉂Უ㧦Ꮢ⽼㉂Უ  ᩣ     ૶↪ၭ࿾ࠑ$Zࠫࡘࡁ࡯࡞ᶧ      ၭ࿾㊂O     ၭ㙃᷷ᐲ ͠      ၭ㙃ᤨ㑆㧦㧣ᣣ㑆     ၭ㙃ᣇᴺ㧦㕒⟎ၭ㙃 ࠫࡘࡁ࡯࡞ߩ⎣㉄Ớᐲ᷹ቯ߹ߚ‫࡞࡯ࡁࡘࠫޔ‬ਛߩ⎣㉄ࠗࠝࡦߪ㉂Უߩ↢⢒ߦᓇ㗀ࠍਈ߃ࠆߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆߚ߼⎣㉄ࠗࠝࡦỚᐲࠍ᷹ቯߒߚ⚿ᨐ‫࡞࡯ࡁࡘࠫޔ‬ේᶧ㧔$Z ࠑ㧕ߦߪ⚂
RRO ฽߹ࠇߡ޿ߚ‫ޔ߼ߚߩߎޕ‬Ꮢ⽼㉂Უߦߟ޿ߡ‫ޔ‬㩀㩕㩨࡮㉂Უ↪ኙᄤၭ࿾෸߮⎣㉄ᷝടኙᄤၭ࿾㧔⎣㉄ࠗࠝࡦỚ RRO㧕ࠍ↪޿ߡ↢⢒⹜㛎ࠍⴕߥߞߚߣ
ߎࠈ‫㉄⎣ޔ‬ᷝടኙᄤၭ࿾ߩ↢⩶ᢙ߇ᷫዋߒߡ߅ࠅ‫ޔ‬⎣㉄ࠗࠝࡦࠃࠆ↢⢒㒖ኂ߇⏕⹺ߐࠇߚ‫ޕ‬㧔⴫ 㧕










߹ߚ‫࡞࡯ࡠ࠻ࡦࠦޔ‬ᩣࠍ↪޿ߡ‫ࡦࠝࠗ㉄⎣ޔ‬Ớᐲߩ㆑޿߇⊒㉂ㅦᐲߦ෸߷ߔᓇ㗀ߦߟ޿ߡᬌ⸛ߒߚߣ
ߎࠈ‫ޔ‬㉂Უ  ᩣ౒ߦ⎣㉄ࠗࠝࡦỚᐲ 1㨪RRO ߹ߢߪ⊒㉂ㅦᐲߩૐਅߪ߶ߣࠎߤ⷗ࠄࠇߥ߆ߞߚ߇‫ޔ‬
RRO એ਄ߢߪૐਅߔࠆ௑ะ߇⷗ࠄࠇߚ‫ޕ‬㧔⴫ 㧕ߎࠇࠄߩߎߣࠃࠅ‫࡞࡯ࡠ࠻ࡦࠦߪࡦࠝࠗ㉄⎣ޔ‬ᩣߦኻߒߡ↢⢒㒖ኂࠍ෸߫ߔߚ߼‫㉄⎣ޔ‬⠴ᕈࠍ஻߃ߚ㉂Უࠍ૶↪ߒ↢ሽ₸ࠍ㜞߼ࠆߎߣߢ‫ޔ‬ല₸⊛ߦࠛ࠲ࡁ࡯࡞↢↥߇ߢ߈ࠆߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇߚ‫ޕ‬⴫  ㉂Უߩ↢⢒ߦ෸߷ߔ⎣㉄ߩỚᐲ

  

0
ppm

400
ppm

800
ppm

1200
ppm

1600
ppm

2000
ppm

㧺㧮㧾㧯
㧞㧞㧠

0.066

0.065

0.042

0.032

0.026

0.021

㧺㧮㧾㧯
㧟㧠㧡

0.058

0.054

0.035

0.016

0.014

0.014

⹜㛎㉂Უ



૶↪ၭ࿾㧦⎣㉄ᷝടᶧ૕ၭ࿾㧔㩊㩨㩣㩄㨺㩇 㧑㨇q
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㪊㪅㪈㪅㪉㩷 ㊁↢㉂Უ䈱ขᓧ䈫⩶⒳䈱หቯ㩷⴫  ㉂Უߩ↢⢒ߦ෸߷ߔ⎣㉄ߩᓇ㗀㊁↢㉂Უߩਛ߆ࠄ⎣㉄⠴ᕈߣࠫࡘࡁ࡯࡞ߩࠛ࠲ࡁ࡯࡞⊒㉂ߦㆡߒߚ㉂Უࠍขᓧߔࠆߚ߼‫ޔ‬ᨐ⊹ᱷᷲߣࠫࡘࡁ

࡯࡞߆ࠄ  ᩣࠍಽ㔌ߒ‫⊒࡞࡯ࡁ࠲ࠛޔ‬㉂ᕈࠍ⺞ߴߚ‫ޕ‬ߎߩ⚿ᨐࠦࡦ࠻ࡠ࡯࡞ᩣߣห╬ߩࠛ࠲ࡁ࡯࡞↢↥⢻ജ෸߮㜞޿⎣㉄⠴ᕈࠍ஻߃ߚ㊁↢㉂Უ㧝ᩣ㧔ᨐ⊹ᱷᷲ↱᧪Ԟࠍㆬ೎ߒߚ‫ޕ‬㧔⴫ 㧕߹ߚ‫ߩߎޔ‬㊁↢㉂Უߦߟ޿ߡ‫ޔ‬หቯ⹜㛎ࠍⴕߥߞߚ
ߣߎࠈ‫ޔ‬6TWNCURQTCዻߣ್ቯߐࠇߚ‫ߩߎޕ‬ዻߦಽ㘃ߐࠇࠆ᦭↪㉂Უߦߪ‫↥↢࡞࡯ࡁ࠲ࠛޔ‬⢻ജࠍ᦭ߔࠆ
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㧺㧮㧾㧯 㧞㧞㧠

6.26

㧺㧮㧾㧯 㧟㧠㧡

6.13

ᨐ⊹ᱷᷲԘ

0.25

ԙ

0.34

Ԛ

0.86

Ԙ

1.04

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0.83

ԝ

3.21

Ԟ

6.22

ԟ

2.13

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0.80

ԙ

1.22

Ԛ

0.97

Ԙ

0.32

Ԝ

2.22

ԝ

1.21

Ԟ

2.22

ԟ

0.83

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Bx
10

20

30

40

50

60

ᱷ♧Ớᐲ㩷
㩿䋦㪀㩷

0.2

0.7

10.3

25.4

31.9

38.3

♧ᶖ⾌₸
㩷 㩿䋦㪀㩷

96.9

94.7

46.7

0.7

0.4

0.2

            㪊㪅㪉㪅㪉㩷 䉴䉬䊷䊦䉝䉾䊒⹜㛎㩷ᨐ⊹ᱷᷲ߆ࠄᓧࠄࠇߚ㊁↢㉂Უߦߟ޿ߡ‫ޔ‬ኈ㊂
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ߩ⎣㉄⠴ᕈ߿ࠛ࠲ࡁ࡯࡞↢↥⢻ജߩᒝൻࠍⴕ߁ߎߣ
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㩷 㪉㪋㩷
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㩷 㪋㪏㩷
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12.80

11.80

9.36

6.80

4.80

2.64

1.00

0.56

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26.9

46.9

62.5

79.4

92.2

95.6

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0.50

1.72

3.11

4.20

5.08

5.90

6.12

̪ࠛ࠲ࡁ࡯࡞Ớᐲߪ ࠑ$Z ࠫࡘࡁ࡯࡞ᶧߩ㊀㊂ኻᲧ⊒㉂᧦ઙ䋻૶↪㉂Უ㪑6TWNCURQTC ዻ䋨ᨐ⊹ᱷᷲ↱᧪䋩㩷㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 ૶↪ၭ࿾㪑㪉㪇䉙㩷 㪙㫏 䉳䊠䊉䊷䊦㩷㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 ၭ࿾㊂㪑㪈㪇㪣㩷㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 ၭ㙃᷷ᐲ㪑㪊㪉㷄㩷㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 ၭ㙃ᤨ㑆䋺䋷ᣣ㑆㩷㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 ၭ㙃ᣇᴺ䋺㕒⟎ၭ㙃㩷
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ࡈࡿࡾࡻ࠹࡞  ୒ᖳ࡞⇷Ⓠࡊࡒ㜷⸵ᒜࡡᄂℾ∸࡞ࡻࡖ࡙≁␏࡝⎌ሾ࠿ᙟᠺࡈࡿ࡙࠷ࡾ  ࠊࡐࡡୌࡗ࠿

㜷⸵㯜ᅰୌᖈ

㜷⸵࡞న⨠ࡌࡾⴓཋᆀ༇ୌᖈ࡞⏐ฝࡌࡾ㜷⸵㯜ᅰ࡛࿣ࡣࡿࡾࠉࢣ࣭ࢰ࢕ࢹ㖌∸ࡡỀ㓗໩㓗໩㕪࡚࠵ࡾࠊᅒ㸦D㸞࡞㜷⸵ᕰ㜷⸵⏣≹ᑹୌᖈࢅ♟ࡊࠉᅒ㸦E ࡞ᮇ

Yahoo ᆀᅒࡻࡽᢜ⢃◂✪࡚᤿ᤸࡊࡒ᤿ᤸ⌟ሔࡡᆀᅒࢅ♟ࡌࠊᅒ㸦F ࡢ᤿ᤸ⌟ሔ㎾ࡂࡡ෕┷ࢅ♟ࡌࠊᅒ୯ࡡ•Ềࡢ㜷⸵㯜ᅰࡡཋᩩ࡛࡝ࡾ㕪࢕࢛ࣤ➴࠿ྱࡱࡿࠉ⌟ᅹ࡚ࡵ㜷⸵㯜ᅰ࠿⏍ᠺࡈࡿ࡙࠷ࡾࠊࡆࡡୌᖈࡢᆀୖỀ࠿•Ề࡛࡝ࡖ࡙ᆀ୕࡞•ࡀฝࡊࠉ✭Ẵ㓗໩ࡈࡿࠉ•Ề୯ࡡ㕪࢕࢛ࣤࡷ•Ề୯࡞Ꮛᅹࡌࡾ㕪ࣁࢠࢷࣛ࢓࠿ࠉ
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ᚋࡼࡿࡒムᩩࡢ᭞࡞᚜⢂◃ࡊࠉ⺧ක ; ⥲ฦᯊ㸝ࣛ

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࡞ࡻࡾ⁈ฝ㝔࢕࢛ࣤῼᏽࡢ࢕࢛ࣤࢠ࣏ࣞࢹࢡࣚࣆ
ࢱ࢕࢛ࢼࢠࢪ♣⿿ ࡞ࡻࡖ࡙⾔ࡖࡒࠊࡱࡒࠉẒ⾪㟻✒ࡢ  Ⅴ %࣬(࣬7 Ἢ㸝ࣗ࢓ࢦ࢓࢕࢛ࢼࢠࢪ⿿ $872625%
㸦㸞࡚ῼᏽࡊࡒࠊ㜷⸵㯜ᅰ⢇Ꮔࡡ᚜⣵ᵋ㏸ࡢ 6(0㸝᪝❟ 6㸞࡚⾔ࡖࡒࠊ㜷⸵㯜ᅰࡡ S+ ࢅㄢ࡬ࡾࡒࡴ
࡞ࠉᅰቫᐁ㥺Ἢ࡞‵ࡋ࡙ࠉム㥺ࢅ⾔ࡖࡒࠊࡌ࡝ࢂࡔࠉムᩩ J ࢅ᤿ཱིࡊࠉPO Ề⁈ᾦ࡞ᾈࡊࡒࠊࢪࢰ
࣭࣭࡚ࣚ  ฦᨡᢶࡊࠉᅰቫ࠿ỷ㜾ࡊࡒᚃࠉ ᫤㛣ࠉ ᫤㛣ࠉ ᫤㛣ࠉ ᫤㛣ᚃࠉS+ ࢅῼᏽࡊࡒࠊ

⤄ᠺ࡚࠵ࡾ 1R ࡡࠉ㹍⥲ᅂᢙ࡞ࡻࡾᵋ㏸ゆᯊࢅ⾔ࡖࡒ⤎ᯕ࠿ᅒ  ࡚࠵ࡾࠊ 㹍⥲ᅂᢙࡡ⤎ᯕ࠾ࡼ 62 ࠿㧏࠷こᅄࡢࢩࣔࣞࢦ࢕
ࢹ㸝.)H㸫 62㸩  2+ 㸞࠽ࡻࡦࣆࢴ⣪࠿㧏࠷こᅄࡢ⺧▴࡛࿣ࡣࡿࡾࣆ࣭ࣞࣚ࢕ࢹ㸝&D) 㸞࡞㉫ᅄࡌࡾ࡛⩻࠻ࡼࡿࡾࠊࢩࣔࣞࢦ࢕ࢹ㖌∸ࡷࢣ࣭ࢰ࢕ࢹ㖌∸ࡷࢨࣖ࣊ࣜࢹ࣏ࢻ࢕ࢹ .)H2 2+ 62㸩 ࡢࠉ㎾ᖳࠉࣃ⣪ࢅྺ╌ࡌࡾ㖌∸࡛ࡊ࡙ࠉἸ┘ࡈࡿ࡙࠷ࡾ   ࠊᮇ◂✪࡚ࡢࠉࣆ࢘ࣛࣀ࢕ࢺࣚ࢕ࢹࡷࢨࣖ࣊ࣜࢹ࣏ࢻ
࢕ࢹࡢ᳠ฝࡈࡿ࡝࠾ࡖࡒࠊ㜷⸵㯜ᅰ࠿ᆀୖࡡ•Ề୯ࡡ㕪࡞⏜ᮮࡌࡾࡆ࡛࠾ࡼࠉ•Ề࠿㜷⸵㯦࡯ࡂᅰࢅ㏳㐛ࡌࡾ㐛⛤࡚ࠉࢣ࣭ࢰ࢕ࢹ㖌∸ࡡ๑㥉మ࡚࠵ࡾࣆ࢘
ᐁ㥺⤎ᯕࣛࣀ࢕ࢺࣚ࢕ࢹࡷࢨࣖ࣊ࣜࢹ࣏ࢻ࢕ࢹ࠿⏍ᠺࡊ࡙࠷ ⺧ක ; ⥲࠽ࡻࡦ㹍⥲ᅂᢙ࡚ࡡ⤄ᠺฦᯊ࣬ᵋ㏸ゆࡾྊ⬗ᛮ࠿࠵ࡽࠉ௑ᚃࠉㄢᰕࡌࡾ౮ೋ࠿࠵ࡾ࡛⩻࠻ᯊࡼࡿࡾࠊᖲᆍⓏ࡝ムᩩ 1R ࡢ୹こ㖌∸ࡡࢣ࣭ࢰ࢕ࢹ)H22+ ࡚ࡐࡡ௙ࣆ࣭ࣞࣚ࢕ࢹ࠿ⱕᖱΊථࡊ࡙
⾪㸦ᖲ㟻᪁ྡྷ࣬῕ࡈ᪁ྡྷࡡ⤄ᠺฦᯊ⤎ᯕ࠷ࡾࠊᖲ㟻᪁ྡྷ         ࠜ༟న㸯㔔㔖㸚ࠝᖲᆍⓏ࡝ムᩩ 1R ࡢ୹こ㖌∸ࡡࢣ࣭ࢰ࢕ࢹ㸝Ș)H22+㸞࡚ࡐࡡ௙ࣆ࣭ࣞࣚ࢕ࢹ࠿ⱕᖱΊථࡊ࡙࠷ࡾࠊ
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 ⺧ක ; ⥲ࡡฦᯊ⤎ᯕࢅ⾪㸦࡞♟ࡌࠊ⾪୯ࡡ &2 ࡢ᭯ᶭ∸࠽ࡻࡦ⅛㓗ሲ⃨ᗐࢅ♟ࡊ࡙࠷ࡾࠊ
௧୕ࡡ⤎ᯕ࡚≁࡞࢝ࢪྺ╌࡞㛭౿ࡌࡾඔ⣪࡚࠵ࡾࠉ㕪ࡡྱ᭯㔖࠽ࡻࡦ㝔࢕࢛࡚ࣤ࠵ࡾ )ࠉ62ࠉ᭯ᶭ∸ࡡ&2 ࡞╌┘ࡊࡒንິࢅ⾪  ࡞♟ࡊࡒࠊ

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ࡆࡡ⤎ᯕ࠾ࡼᖲ㟻᪁ྡྷ࡚ࡢࠉ㜷⸵㯜ᅰ௧አࡡ⾪ᅰࡡᙫ㡢࡞ࡻࡽ⌓㓗࠽ࡻࡦ᭯ᶭ∸ࡡᙫ㡢࡚㕪ࡡྱ᭯㔖࠿῕ࡈ᪁ྡྷ࡞Ẓ࡬࡙఩ࡂ࡝ࡖ࡙࠷ࡾࠊ᭞࡞ࠉ῕ࡈ᪁ྡྷ
࡚ࡢ 62 ࡡᖲᆍྱ᭯㔖࡞ኬࡀ࡝ᕣࡢ࡝࠷࠿ࠉᵾ‵೩ᕣࡢኬࡀ࠷ࠊࡆࡿࡢ῕ࡈ P ࡡሔᡜ࡚ 62 ࠿ 㸚௧୕࠵ࡾࡒࡴ࡚࠵ࡾࠊࡐࡆ࡚ࠉ࢕࢛ࢗྱ᭯㔖࠿ኣ࠷῕ࡈ P ムᩩ࡛ࣆࢴ⣪ྱ᭯㔖࠿ኬࡀ࠷ 1RࠉᖲᆍⓏ࡝

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㜷⸵㯜ᅰࡡ S+ ࠽ࡻࡦẒ⾪㟻✒ࡐࡡ⤎ᯕࢅ⾪㸨࡞♟ࡌࠊ ᫤㛣⤊㐛ࡊ࡙ࡵ S+ ࡢ࡮࡛ࢆ࡜ࠉን໩ࡊ࡙࠷࡝࠷ࠊᖲ㟻᪁ྡྷ࡚ࡢࠉS+ࠤ ࡱ࡚ࡡ⠂ᅑ࡚࠵ࡖࡒࠊẒ⾪㟻✒ࡢࠉ Ⅴ %(7 ࡚ῼᏽࡊࡒࠊ྘ムᩩ࡞ࡗ࠷࡙ࡢࠉ⤎ᯕࡢᚋࡼࡿ࡝࠾ࡖࡒࠊ
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࡞ࡗ࠷࡙ࠉ≁࡞㝔࢕࢛࡚ࣤ࠵ࡾ◪㓗࢕࢛ࣤࠉࣆࢴ⣪࢕࢛ࣤ࡞ࡗ࠷࡙ㄢ࡬ࡒ⤎ᯕࢅᅒ  ࡞♟ࡌࠊ◪㓗࢕࢛ࣤࡢࠉᴣࡠ 㹳PJ/ ⁈ฝࡊࠉ᫤㛣࡛࡛ࡵ࡞ቌ
ຊࡊ࡙࠷ࡾࠊムᩩ  ࡢࠉࡐࡡ௙ࡡムᩩ࡛Ẓ࡬࡙ࠉ
PJ/ ࡛  ಶ௧୕ࡡ⃨ᗐ࡚⁈ฝࡊ࡙࠷ࡾࠊ⤄ᠺฦᯊࡡ⤎ᯕ࡞࠽࠷࡙ࡵࠉ࡛ 62 ⃨ᗐ࠿᭩ࡵ㧏࠾ࡖࡒࠊࡊ࠾ࡊࠉ⤄ᠺฦᯊ࡚ࡢࠉࡡ 1R ࡡムᩩࡢPJ/ ࡛⁈ฝ⃨ᗐࡢ఩࠷ࠊ⤎ᬏᛮࡡ┞㐢࡝ࡡ࠾ࠉ⌟ᅹࡡ࡛ࡆࢀࠉཋᅄࡢᢍᥩ࡚ࡀ࡙࠷࡝࠷ࠊ
ࣆࢴ⣪࢕࢛ࣤࡢࠉࠤPJ/ ⁈ฝࡊࡒࠊࣆࢴ⣪࢕࢛ࣤࡵ᫤㛣࡛࡛ࡵ࡞ቌຊࡊࠉ◪㓗࢕࢛࡛ࣤྜྷᵕ࡞
1R ࡡムᩩ࠿᭩ࡵኣࡂ⁈ฝࡊࡒࠊ⤄ᠺฦᯊ࡚ࡢ 1R
ࡡムᩩ࡞࠽࠷࡙ࠉࣆࢴ⣪ྱ᭯㔖࠿᭩ࡵ㧏࠾ࡖࡒ࠿ࠉ
⁈ฝ࢕࢛࡚ࣤࡢࠉ1R ࠿᭩ࡵ㧏ࡂ࡝ࡖ࡙࠷ࡾࠊ⌟ᅹࡡ࡛ࡆࢀཋᅄࡢ୘᪺࡚࠵ࡾࠊ

⥲ᅂᢙࣂࢰ࣭ࣤࢅᅒ  ࡞♟ࡌࠊ Υ࠾ࡼࢣ࣭ࢰ࢕ࢹࡡ ȟ࡚ ࠉ ᗐ࡞࠵ࡾ   㟻ࡡࣅ࣭ࢠ࠿ᓻࡿ࡙ࠉΥ࡚ࡢࣉ࣏ࢰ࢕ࢹ  ᗐࠉ ᗐࡡࣅ࣭ࢠ࠿ࡢࡖࡀࡽฦ㞫ࡊࡒࠊࡆࡿࡢỀ㓗໩㓗໩㕪ࡡྱỀ∸࠿࡛ࡿࠉࣉ࣏ࢰ࢕ࢹ࡞ን
໩ࡊࠉ⤎ᬏᵋ㏸࠿Ὼᗐ୕࡛࡛᪴ࡵ࡞ᙁᅖ࡞࡝ࡖ࡙࠷
ࡾ஥ࢅ♟ࡌࠊࣆࣞࣚ࢕ࢹࡢ Υࡱ࡚㝎ࠍ࡞ ; ⥲ᙁᗐ࠿఩ୖࡊࠉΥ࡚ࡢ࡮࡛ࢆ࡜᳠ฝࡈࡿ࡝࠾ࡖࡒࠊ

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↕ᠺῺᗐ࡛Ẓ⾪㟻✒࣬⤎ᬏᵋ㏸  㜷⸵㯜ᅰࡡ୹こ㖌∸࡚࠵ࡾࢣ࣭ࢰ࢕ࢹࡢ⤎ᬏỀࢅྱ᭯ࡊ࡙࠷ࡾࠊᅒ  ࡞ࢣ࣭ࢰ࢕ࢹࡡ⤎ᬏᵋ㏸ᅒࢅ
♟ࡌࠊࡆࡡ⤎ᬏᵋ㏸࠾ࡼỀ㓗ᇱ࠿አࡿࡒ᫤࡞Ẓ⾪㟻࠿ን໩ࡌࡾࡡ࡚ࡢ࡝࠷࠾࡛⩻࠻ࠉῺᗐ࡞ࡻࡾẒ⾪㟻✒ࡡን໩ࢅῼᏽࡊࡒࠊࡐࡡ⤎ᯕࢅᅒ  ࡞♟ࡌᅒ  ࡡ⤎ᯕ࠾ࡼ⤎ᬏỀ࠿አࡿࡾῺᗐࡢ Υ๑ᚃ࡚࠵ࡾ࡛⩻࠻ࡼࡿࡾࠊࡆࡿࡢ 7*'7$ ࡡ⤎ᯕ࠾ࡼࡵ⿤௛
ࡄࡼࡿࡒࠊᖏῺ࡚ࡡẒ⾪㟻✒ࡢ PJ ࡛ᑚࡈ࠷࠿ࠉ
Υ࡚Ẓ⾪㟻✒ࡢ᭩㧏࡛࡝ࡽࠉ⣑  ಶࡡ PJ࡛࡝ࡖࡒࠊΥ࠾ࡼẒ⾪㟻✒ࡢᑚࡈࡂ࡝ࡽ Υ࡚ࡢᖏῺࡻࡽᑚࡈࡂ࡝ࡖࡒࠊࡆࡿࡢࢣ࣭ࢰ࢕ࢹࡡ㓗໩㕪⢇Ꮔྜྷኃ࠿⼝╌ࡊࡒࡆ࡛࡞ࡻࡖ࡙✭Ꮗ࠿࡝ࡂ࡝ࡽ
⾪㟻✒࠿ᑛ࡝ࡂ࡝ࡖࡒ࡛⩻࠻ࡼࡿࡾࠊࡆࡡ࡛ࡀࡡ ;䚳䠌FeO(OH)䕹䠌Fe2O3
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Υ
Υ
Υ
Υ
䚳
Υ
ᖏῺ



ȟ㺅ȟ

ᅒ  ↕ᠺῺᗐ࡛ ; ⥲ᅂᢙࣂࢰ࣭ࣤ

 

᚜⢇Ꮔࡡびᐳ 㜷⸵㯜ᅰࡡ᚜⢇Ꮔࢅびᐳࡊࡒ⤎ᯕࢅᅒ  ࡞♟ࡌࠊࡆࡡムᩩࡢ 1R ࡚࠵ࡾࠊ6(0 びᐳ࠾ࡼୌḗ⢇Ꮔࡢ㟸࠿ᅒ  ࡚࠵ࡾࠊ ῟ຊࡊ࡙࠷࡝࠷⢇Ꮔࡢ῟ຊࡊࡒムᩩ࡛Ẓ࡬࡙఩ಶびᐳ࡚ࡡാ࠾ࡼࠉ⢇Ꮔࡡም࡞ཉ࿝࠿ずࡼࡿࡾࠊ௧୕
ࡡ⤎ᯕ࠾ࡼ㜷⸵㯜ᅰࡡ᚜⢇Ꮔࢅᚋࡾࡒࡴ࡞ࡢࠉኬࡀ
࡝࢙ࢾ࣭ࣜ࢟ࡢᚪこ࡚ࡢ࡝࠷ࡆ࡛ࢅ♟ြࡊ࡙࠷ࡾࠊ
࠽ࢂࡽ࡞
㜷⸵㯜ᅰࡡᕝᴏⓏฺ⏕ࢅ┘Ⓩ࡞ཋᮞᩩࡡဗ㈹ࢅᆍୌ
໩ࡌࡾࡒࡴ࡞ࠉᖲ㟻᪁ྡྷᖕ Pࠉᶋ P ࢅ  ⟘ᡜ࡛῕ࡈ᪁ྡྷ⾪ᅰ࠾ࡼ P ࡱ࡚ࡡムᩩ࡞ࡗ࠷࡙⤄ᠺฦᯊࠉ⤎ᬏᵋ㏸ࠉຊ⇍࡞ࡻࡾ⤎ᬏᵋ㏸ን໩ࠉẒ⾪㟻✒ࠉ⢇Ꮔびᐳࢅ⾔ࡖࡒ⤎ᯕࠉୖエࡡࡆ࡛࠿᪺ࡼ࠾࡛࡝ࡖࡒࠊ୹こඔ⣪࡚࠵ࡾ㓗໩㕪ྱ᭯㔖ࡢᖲ㟻᪁ྡྷ࡚ 㹳㸚࡚࠵ࡽࠉ῕ࡈ᪁ྡྷ࡚ࡢ 㹳㸚࡚࠵ࡖࡒࠊን
ິ࠿᭩ࡵኬࡀ࠾ࡖࡒඔ⣪ࡢᖲ㟻᪁ྡྷ࡚ࡵ῕ࡈ᪁
ྡྷ࡚ࡵ࢜ࣜࢨ࣑࡚ࢗࡗࡁ࡞῕ࡈ᪁ྡྷࡡ 62 ࡚࠵ࡖࡒࠊ ୹こᵋ㏸ࡢ *RHWKLWH㸝)H22+㸞࡚ࣆࢴ⣪ࡡኣ࠷ሔᡜ࡚ࡢࣆ࣭ࣞࣚ࢕ࢹࢅኣࡂྱ᭯ࡊࠉ62 ࠿ኣ࠷ሔᡜ࡚ࡢࢩࣔࣞࢦ࢕ࢹ࠿ኣࡂྱ᭯ࡊࡒࠊࢩࣔࣞࢦ࢕
ࢹࡢ῕ࡈ᪁ྡྷࡡࡲ࡞☔ヾࡈࡿࡒࠊ
㜷⸵㯜ᅰࡡ S+ ࡢ㓗ᛮᅰቫ࡚ᖲ㟻᪁ྡྷ࡚ࡢ S+ ࡢ㹳 ࡚ࡡ⠂ᅑ࡞ࠊ῕ࡈ᪁ྡྷ࡚ࡢ S+ ࡢ 㹳 ࡡ⠂ᅑ࡞࠵ࡖࡒࠊ
Ẓ⾪㟻✒ࡢᖏῺ࡚ᖲᆍ PJ ࡚࠵ࡖࡒ࠿ࠉຊ⇍࡛࡛ࡵ࡞ቌຊࡊ Υ࡚᭩㧏࡛࡝ࡽ PJ ࡛࡝ࡖࡒࠊ
᭞࡞Ὼᗐࢅ࠵ࡅࡾ࡛Ẓ⾪㟻✒ࡢ఩ୖࡊࡒࠊ
㜷⸵㯜ᅰࡡୌḗ⢇Ꮔᙼࡢ㟸ᖏ࡞ᑚࡈࡂᩐⓊ QP ࡛⩻࠻ࡼࡿࡾ࠿ࠉฆ㞗ࡊ࡙࠷ࡾࡒࡴ஦ḗฆ㞗ࡢᩐ༎㹳ᩐⓊȣP ࡛ኬࡀ࠷ࠊฦᩋ๠ࢅ῟ຊࡌࡾࡆ࡛࡚ࠉ
ୌḗ⢇Ꮔᙼ࡛ࡊ࡙ᑚࡈࡂࡌࡾࡆ࡛ࡡྊ⬗ᛮ࠿♟ࡈࡿࡒࠊ௧୕ࡡ◂✪⤎ᯕ࠾ࡼࠉ㕪⃨ᗐࡢࠉᖲ㟻᪁ྡྷ࡚ࡡንິ
࠿ኬࡀ࠷ࡒࡴࠉ⾪ᅰࢅཚᐠ࡞㝎ཡࡌᚪこ࠿࠵ࡾࠊ ࡱࡒࠉ㜷⸵㯜ᅰࢅ↕ᠺࡌࡾ࡛Ẓ⾪㟻✒࠿ቌኬࡊࡒࠊ
ࡆࡡ⤎ᯕࡢࠉࢣ࣭ࢦ࢕ࢹᵋ㏸࠾ࡼࡵ⿤௛ࡄࡼࡿࡒࡾࠊ
ࡈࡼ࡞ࠉฦᩋ๠ࡢ࡚᚜⢂໩࠿ྊ⬗࡚࠵ࡾࡆ࡛࠿♟ࡈࡿࠉ௑ᚃࠉ㕪⿭⤝๠➴㣏ဗ࡫ࡡᚺ⏕࠿᭿ᙽࡈࡿࡾࠊ

0.5 µm

5.0 µmᅒ  㜷⸵㯜ᅰࡡ᚜⢇Ꮔびᐳ ᅒ ฦᩋ๠῟ຊ࡞ࡻࡾ㜷⸵㯜ᅰỷ㜾ム㥺  ᫤㛣⤊㐛ᚃ $ ῟ຊ↋50 µm

1.0 µm% ῟ຊ↋

50 µm

1.0 µmᅒ ฦᩋ๠ࡡ᭯↋࡞ࡻࡾ᚜⢇Ꮔࡡびᐳᖏ࡞ᑚࡈ࠷࠿ࠉฆ㞗ࡊ࡙࠷ࡾࡒࡴ࡞஦ḗ⢇Ꮔࡢኬࡀ࠷ࠊࡐࡆ࡚ࠉ⢇ᗐฦᕱ㸝6\VPH[ ⿿ ࢭ࣭ࢰࢦ࢕ࢧ࣭
ࢻࢿ =6㸞ࢅῼᏽࡌࡾ࡛ᖲᆍ⢇ᙼࡢ 㹳ᩐ༎ȣP ࡛ࡣࡼࡗ࠷ࡒࠊฆ㞗ࡊ࡙࠷ࡾ஦ḗ⢇Ꮔ࡞ฦᩋ๠ࢅ῟ຊࡊࠉ᚜⢇Ꮔ࡛ࡌࡾࡆ࡛࠿࡚ࡀ࡝࠷࠾᳠ゞࡊࡒ⤎ᯕࢅᅒ㸮࡞♟ࡌࠊムᩩ J ࢅỀ 㹜࡞⁈ゆࡈࡎࠉࢪࢰ࣭࣭࡚ࣚ  ฦᨡᢶࡊࡒࠊฦᩋ๠ࡢᑊムᩩ࡞ 㸚῟ຊࡊࡒࠊ
῟ຊࡊࡒ⁈ᾦࡢ⢇Ꮔ࠿ฦᩋࡊ࡙ࠉ㸨᫤㛣⤊㐛ࡊ࡙ࡵỷ㜾࠿ずࡼࡿ࡝࠾ࡖࡒࠊ⁈ᾦࡡᠩ⃦㒂ฦࡡ 6(0 びᐳᩝ⊡ ῳ㎮ୌᚠࠔ㜷⸵ℾᒜࡡ⏍࠷❟ࡔࠕ ୌᐋ⏣ྍ  S㹳 ⏛ᓧ࿰ᯖ ⥽ⴥࠔࣁ࢕࢛࣏ࢴࢹࠕ㌗㎾࡝᚜⏍∸࠿ࡗࡂࡾ⏍మ㖌∸ 㔘ἉኬᏕ⌦Ꮥ㒂ᆀ⌣Ꮥᩅᐄࣁ࢕
࢛࣏ࢴࢹ◂✪ఌ  ୯⃕ᗽ௙ࠔᙁ㓗ᛮᢘᗣỀ୯࡞࠽ࡄࡾࢩࣔࣞࢦ࢕ࢹ
ࡡ⏍ᠺ࡛ࣃ⣪㝎ཡࡡ࣒࢜ࢼࢫ࣑ࠕ㈠″࣬⣪ᮞᏕఌ⚽Ꮢኬఌ  ᐣᒱబ௙ࠔࣃ⣪ྱ᭯㖌∸࡞⏜ᮮࡌࡾ⎌ሾỗ᯹࡛ಞᚗ࡞㛭ࡌࡾ◂✪ິྡྷࠕѸ≁࡞㖌⁞ᇼ✒୕࡞࠽ࡄࡾࣃ⣪ࡡ⁈ฝ࡛ᅖᏽ࡞ࡗ࠷࡙Ѹ⎌ሾ㈠″ᕝ
Ꮥ㸡   










ᄤ⨲㒻⍹ࠍᵴ↪ߒߚⅣႺኻᔕᰴ਎ઍ㒻⏛ེߩ㐿⊒᧻የ ⧷ା ‫ޔ‬᳗↰ ᱜౖ  ᧚ᢱ㐿⊒ㇱ

&GXGNQROGPVQH'PXKTQPOGPVTGURQPUKXG0GZVIGPGTCVKQP%GTCOKE9CTG7VKNK\KPI#OCMWUC2QVVGT[5VQPG
*KFGPQDW/#6571 /CUCPQTK0#)#6#  ᧄ⎇ⓥߢߪ‫਻ޔ‬Ꮊ⍮੐ળ౒ห⎇ⓥ੐ᬺߩ৻Ⅳߣߒߡ‫ޔ‬ᓥ᧪ߩ਄⾰ᄤ⨲㒻⍹ࠍ↪޿ࠆઃടଔ୯ߩ㜞޿㒻⏛ེ᧚ᢱ㐿⊒ࠍ⋡ᜰߒߚ‫ޕ‬਄⾰ᄤ⨲㒻⍹ߢ૞ࠄࠇࠆ․਄㒻࿯ߦ࡝࠴࠙ࡓ♽㋶‛ࠍ 㨪㧑ᷝടߔࠆߣ‫ޔ‬὾ᚑ૕ߩㅘశᕈߪ․਄὾ᚑຠߦᲧߴ⚂  ୚ะ਄ߒ‫ߦᦝޔ‬ㆶర࡮㉄ൻ὾ᚑ޿ߕࠇߣ߽‫ޔ‬὾ᚑ૕ߩ෼❗߇ዊߐߊ‫ߍᦛޔ‬ᒝᐲߪᄢ߈ߊߥࠅ‫ߒ≹ޔ‬ലᨐߩ޽ࠆ⏛ེ⵾ຠ߇⵾ㅧߢ߈ࠆߎߣࠍ᣿ࠄ߆ߦߒߚ‫ޕ‬ ߪߓ߼ߦ

ߒ⠴Ἣᐲࠍ৻ቯߦߔࠆဋ⾰ൻࠍⴕ߁ߣ⋡⊛ߩ὾ᚑ᷷ᐲߦ

޽ߞߚේᢱߣߥࠅᓧࠆ‫ߪߢ⋵ᧄޔߢߎߘޕ‬ಽᜂ⎇ⓥߣߒᄤ⨲㒻⍹ߪਥⷐ㋶‛ߣߒߡ‫ޔ‬⍹⧷‫ࠝࠞޔ࠻ࠗࠨ࡝࠮ޔ‬ߡ‫ޔ‬ૐἫᐲ⍹ߩဋ⾰㈩วᛛⴚߩ⏕┙ߣ‫ޔ‬ဋ⾰ൻߒߚૐἫ

࡝࠽ࠗ࠻߆ࠄߥࠅ‫ޔ‬㋕ൻว‛߇ዋ㊂฽߹ࠇߡ޿ࠆߚ߼‫ޔ‬ᐲ⍹ߩ㜞ઃടଔ୯ൻߦߟ޿ߡ⎇ⓥߔࠆߣߣ߽ߦ‫ޔ‬ᓥ᧪ߩㆶర὾ᚑ⏛ེ⚛࿾ߦߪᦨㆡߢ‫ޔ‬૒⾐࡮㐳ፒ⋵ਅߩ㒻⏛ེ਄⾰ᄤ⨲㒻⍹ࠍ↪޿ࠆઃടଔ୯ߩ㜞޿㒻⏛ེ᧚ᢱ⋡ᜰߒᬺ⇇ߢਥߦ૶↪ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ޔߒ߆ߒޕ‬ᒰᬺ⇇ߢߪㄭᐕߩ

ߚ⎇ⓥ㐿⊒ࠍⴕߞߚ‫ޕ‬ࡃࡉ࡞⚻ᷣߩ፣უ╬ߦࠃࠅ㒻⏛ེ↢↥߇⪭ߜㄟߺ‫ߚ߹ޔ‬ߥ߅‫ޔ‬ૐἫᐲ⍹ߩဋ⾰㈩วᛛⴚߣ㜞ઃടଔ୯ൻߦߟ޿

⍹ᴤଔᩰ߇㜞㛛ߒߚߎߣߣ߽⋧߹ߞߡ⧰Ⴚਅߦ޽ࠅ‫ߘޔ‬ߡߪ‫ޔ‬࿖⵬੐ᬺ㧔࿾ၞ⾗Ḯᵴ↪ဳ౒ห⎇ⓥ㐿⊒੐ᬺ㧙㒻ߩᓇ㗀ߢᄤ⨲㒻⍹ᬺ⇇ߢ߽ᄤ⨲㒻⍹ߩ↢↥߇ᷫዋߒߡ޿

⏛ེ⵾ㅧᛛⴚࠍᵴ↪ߒߚᯏ⢻ᕈ㘩ེ࡮ᾖ᣿ౕߩ⎇ⓥ㐿⊒ࠆ‫ޔߦᦝޕ‬㐳ᐕߦࠊߚࠆណជߦࠃࠅ⦟⾰㒻⍹⾗Ḯߩᨗᷢ

㧙*㧕ߦ⊒ዷߐߖߚ‫ᧄޔߡߞ߇ߚߒ ޕ‬ႎ๔ߢߪ‫ޔ‬߽໧㗴ߣߥߞߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬․ߦ਄⾰㒻⍹ߢ⵾ㅧߒߡ޿ࠆ․਄㒻࿯ߦ࡝࠴࠙ࡓ♽㋶‛৻ᣇ‫ޔ‬࿾⃿᷷ᥦൻ㒐ᱛ߇ต߫ࠇࠆਛ‫ޔ‬὇㉄ࠟࠬ೥ᷫ㧔࿖ࠍᷝടߔࠆߎߣߢ⃻ⴕࠃࠅㅘశᕈߩ⦟ᅢߥ⏛ེ᧚ᢱ㐿⊒߇ቯ߼ߚ %1 ೥ᷫ⋡ᮡ㧦‫ ࠬ࠽ࠗࡑࡓ࡯࠴ޟ‬㧑‫ޠ‬㧕ࠍ࿑ࠆߎࠍ⋡ᜰߒߚ⎇ⓥᚑᨐߦߟ޿ߡㅀߴࠆ‫ޕ‬

ߣ߇㊀ⷐߥ⺖㗴ߣߥߞߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬㧞㧚ታ㛎ᣇᴺߘߎߢ‫ޔ‬ᒰ⺖㗴ࠍ⸃᳿ߔࠆߚ߼‫਻ޔ‬Ꮊ⍮੐ળ౒ห⎇ⓥ
ߩ৻Ⅳߣߒߡ‫ޔ‬ᄤ⨲㒻⍹ߩଏ⛎⋵ߢ޽ࠆᧄ⋵ߣਥߥ૶↪

⋵ߢ޽ࠆ૒⾐࡮㐳ፒਔ⋵߇‫ޔ‬ၒ⬿㊂߇⼾ንߥ‫ޟ‬ᄤ⨲ૐ⠴Ἣᐲ㒻⍹㧔એ㒠‫ޔ‬ૐἫᐲ⍹ߣ๭߱㧕‫߿ޠ‬ᑄ㒻⏛ེࠍᵴ↪ߒ ㅘశᕈ⏛ེߩ‛ᕈ⹏ଔᣇᴺ㋕ಽߩዋߥ޿․਄㒻࿯
㧔(G1 ߣߒߡએਅ㧕ࠍ↪޿‫ޔ‬

ߡ‫ޔ‬ᓥ᧪ߩ὾ᚑ᷷ᐲߢ޽ࠆ ͠㧔5-㧕ࠃࠅ ͠ૐ

߹ߕ․਄㒻࿯ࠍ޿ߞߚࠎੇ῎ߐߖ‫ߦࠇߎޔ‬ᚲቯ㊂ߣߥࠆ޿‫ޠ͠ޟ‬὾ᚑ↪㒻⏛ེේᢱ㐿⊒ࠍ⋡⊛ߦᐔᚑ 㧘ࡍ࠲࡜ࠗ࠻㧔⪲㐳⍹‫ޔ‬ൻቇ⚵ᚑ㧦.K#N5K1㧕☳ᧃࠍᷝടᐕᐲߩ  ࠞᐕታᣉߒߚ‫ޕ‬ߒࠄ޿߆޿ᯏߢචಽᷙวߒߚᷙว☳૕ᢙ㨓ࠍ㊄ဳ㧔ౝᓘૐἫᐲ⍹ߪ਄⸥ਥⷐ㋶‛એᄖߦ‫ޔ‬㐳⍹߇฽߹ࠇߡ߅ࠅ

OO㧕ߢ  ゲࡊ࡟ࠬᚑᒻ㧔ో࿶ 㨠㧕ߒߡᚑᒻ૕ࠍᓧߚ‫ޕ‬⠴Ἣᐲ߇ૐ޿  ߩߢ⃻࿷߶ߣࠎߤ૶↪ߐࠇߡ޿ߥ޿‫ޕ‬ߒ߆ᚑᒻ૕ߪ㔚᳇Ἱߢ ͠‫ޔ‬㧝JT ㉄ൻ὾ᚑߒߚ‫ޕ‬ᾖᐲ⸘਄ 

ߦ౞⋚⁁὾ᚑ૕ࠍ⸳⟎ߒߚᓟ‫ޔ‬9 ⰯశἮࠍ὾ᚑ૕਄㕙ߦ

<5:㨑㧕ߢฦర⚛ߩⰯశ㨄✢ᒝᐲࠍ᷹ቯߒ‫ޔ‬ቯ㊂⸘▚

ᾖ኿ߒ‫ޔ‬ᾖᐲ㧔.WZ㧕ࠍ᷹ቯߒߚ‫ޕ‬࠰ࡈ࠻‫ޟ‬㧿㧽㨄ಽᨆ‫ޠ‬㧔ࠕࡊ࡝ࠤ࡯࡚ࠪࡦ㧦㧱㨆㧿㧜㧜㧟߹ߚ‫⦡⊕ޔ‬ᐲ⹏ଔ↪⹜㛎 ߪએਅߩߣ߅ࠅ૞⵾ߒߚ‫ޕ‬㨄㧺㨂㧕ߦࠃࠅ㊄ዻ㉄ൻ‛ߩ⾰㊂㧑୯ࠍᓧߚ‫ߦࠇߎޕ‬ᒝ߹ߕ‫ޔ‬౞ᒻ࡮ᐔ᧼⁁ᚑᒻ૕ࠍ࿕ᒻ㍌ㄟߺߢ૞ᚑߒߚᓟੇ

ᾲᷫ㊂୯ࠍട߳‫ࠅࠃߦ▚⸘ޔ‬ൻቇಽᨆ୯ࠍ᳞߼ߚ‫ޔ߅ߥޕ‬῎ߐߖ‫ߦᦝޔ‬ᐔ㕙⎇೥ࠍⴕ޿ᐔṖߦߒߚᓟ‫⚛ߢ͠ޔ‬὾࡝࠴࠙ࡓߪಽᨆኻ⽎ᄖߣߒ‫࠻ࠗ࡜࠲ࡍޔ‬㋶‛ߦ㑐ߔࠆ౉߈ߒߚ‫ޕ‬ᰴ޿ߢ⢈೨࿾ၞߢ૶↪ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ⍹Ἧ㉽ߢᣉ㉽‫ޔ‬ᚻవߩൻቇಽᨆ㧔.K1㧑㧕⚿ᨐࠍෳ⠨ߦ‫▚⸘ޔ‬਄ߩ฽᦭㊂߹ߚߪή㉽⁁ᘒߢ‫ᧄޔ‬὾ᚑ㧔͠ 5- 㧕ࠍⴕߞߚ‫ޕ‬ߣߒߚ‫ޕ‬߹ߚ‫ޔ‬ᣣ┙ ᩣ ⵾ 5ဳ⿛ᩏဳ㔚ሶ㗼ᓸ㏜ࠍ↪޿ߡߥ߅‫ޔ‬὾ᚑ㔓࿐᳇ߪㆶర߹ߚߪ㉄ൻߣߒߚ‫⦡⊕ޕ‬ᐲ⹏ଔ⹜㛎ᯏߦߪಽశ᷹⦡⸘㧔 ᩣ ࠦ࠾ࠞࡒࡁ࡞࠲␠⵾%/‫ޔ‬὾ᚑ૕ߩᓸ᭴ㅧⷰኤࠍⴕߞߚ‫ޕ‬F㧕ࠍ↪޿㧟࿁᷹ቯ୯ߩᐔဋ୯ࠍ⊕⦡ᐲߣߒߚ‫ޕ‬㧟㧚㧟㧚ታ㛎⚿ᨐߣ⠨ኤ ᰴߦ‫ޕ‬὾ᚑ෼❗߿ᦛߍᒝᐲࠍ᷹ቯߔࠆߚ߼ߩ⹜㛎 ࠍએਅߩߣ߅ࠅ૞⵾ߒߚ‫ޕ‬߹ߕᦨ⚳὾ᚑ⹜㛎૕ߩኸᴺ߇᏷OO㐳ߐOOෘߐᄤ⨲․਄㒻࿯ߩㅘశᕈะ਄

OO㧔⋥ᣇ૕㧕ߣߥࠆࠃ߁ߦ‫ޔ‬ᚑᒻ૕ࠍ㍌ㄟᴺߢ૞⵾ߒߚ‫ޕ‬ᰴߦ‫ޔ‬ᚑᒻ૕ࠍߘࠇߙࠇੇ῎‫⚛ޔ‬὾߈‫ᧄޔ‬὾ᚑ㧔ㆶర‫ޔ‬੹࿁↪޿ߚ․਄㒻࿯‫ߩ࠻ࠗ࡜࠲ࡍޔ‬:✢࿁᛬ࡄ࠲࡯ࡦࠍ
࿑ߦ␜ߔ‫ޕ‬㉄ൻ㧕ߒߚᓟ‫⋥ޔ‬ᣇ૕ߩ᏷ࠍ⸘᷹ߒߡ෼❗₸ࠍ▚಴ߒߚ‫ޕ‬㪏㪇㪇߹ߚ‫ᧄޔ‬὾ᚑᓟߩ⹜㛎 ࠍ↪޿ߡ‫ߍᦛޔ‬ᒝᐲ⹜㛎㧔㧟ὐ

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ᦛߍᴺ‫ޔ‬ਅㇱᡰὐ㑆〒㔌㧦OO㧕ࠍⴕߞߚ‫ߍᦛޔ߅ߥޕ‬
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ᒻ૕ࠍ૞ࠆߣߣ߽ߦή㉽ߢ὾ᚑߒߚ⹜㛎 ࠍ↪޿ߚ‫ޕ‬

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ಽᨆᣇᴺ㪇㪇ᄤ⨲㒻⍹‫࠻ࠗ࡜࠲ࡍޔ‬㈩ว㒻࿯‫ޔ‬὾ᚑ૕╬ߩ㋶‛⚵ᚑߪ☳ᧃ : ✢࿁᛬ᴺ㧔 ᩣ ࡝ࠟࠢ 4+06㧕ࠍ೑↪ߒ‫ޔ‬:

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࿑ :✢࿁᛬ࡄ࠲࡯ࡦ✢ ▤ ⃿ 㔚 ࿶  㔚 ᵹ 㧦 -8O# ‫ ޔ‬5&4555 㧦  qOOq‫ ޔ‬ǰ㧦㨪q‫ࡊ࠶࠹ࠬޔ‬᏷㧦q‫ޔ‬․਄㒻࿯ߪ⍹⧷‫߇࠻ࠗ࠽࡝ࠝࠞޔ࠻ࠗࠨ࡝࠮ޔ‬ਥⷐ㋶ࠬࠠࡖࡦㅦᐲ㧦Ფಽ qߢⴕߞߚ‫ޕ‬ฦ㋶‛ߩ⋧ኻ฽᦭㊂ߪ‛⚵ᚑߣߥߞߡ߅ࠅ‫ޔ‬⍹⧷  ‫ࠞޔ  ࠻ࠗࠨ࡝࠮ޔ‬‫ޔ‬ฦ : ✢࿁᛬ࡄ࠲࡯ࡦߩ ǰ୯ߢ࠮࡝ࠨࠗ࠻ q‫ࠝࠞޔ‬ࠝ࡝࠽ࠗ࠻  ฦ㋶‛ߦኻߔࠆ:✢ߩᐩ㕙෻኿ⷺᐲ ǰ࡝࠽ࠗ࠻ q‫ޔ‬⍹⧷ q‫ޔ‬㐳⍹ qࡓ࡜ࠗ࠻ ߢ޽ࠆq‫ޔ‬q‫ޔ‬qઃㄭߩ࿁᛬ࡄ࠲࡯ࡦ ߆ࠄqઃㄭߩᦨᄢᒝᐲ㧔%25㧕ߣඨଔ᏷㧔(9*/㧕ߩⓍࠍ᳞߼‫ޔ‬‫ᦨޔ‬ᄢᒝᐲ+ ERU ‫ޔ‬ඨଔ᏷㧔(9*/㧕ߩⓍࠍ᳞߼‫ޔ‬ฦ㋶‛ฦ㋶‛ߩ✚⸘ߣߩᲧߣߒߡ⴫ߒߚ‫ޕ‬ߩ⋧ኻᲧࠍ⸘▚ߔࠆߣߘࠇߙࠇ‫࠻ࠗࠨ࡝࠮ޔ‬㧦ࠞࠝ࡝࠽ࠗ࠻㧦⍹⧷㧦㧦ߢ޽ߞߚ‫ޕ‬ൻቇᚑಽߪᣣᧄᎿᬺⷙᩰ‫ޟ‬⠴Ἣ‛⵾ຠߩⰯశ㨄✢ಽᨆᣇᴺ‫ޠ‬㧔,+54㧦㧕ࠍෳ⠨ߦߒߡಽᨆߒߚ‫ޕ‬ᰴߦ‫․ޔ‬਄㒻࿯ߦࡍ࠲࡜ࠗ࠻☳૕ߒߚ὾ᚑ૕ߪ࿑㧝ߔߥࠊߜ‫ޔ‬ᒝᾲᷫ㊂ಽᨆᱷߐ⹜ᢱ 㨓ߣ྾ࡎ࠙㉄࡝࠴ߦ␜ߒߚߣ߅ࠅ‫ޔ‬⍹⧷‫߇࠻ࠗ࡜ࡓޔ‬ᬌ಴ߒߡ޿ࠆߩ߇ಽ

࠙ࡓ I ࠍߘࠇߙࠇ♖⒊ߒߡᷙวᓟ‫⊕ޔ‬㊄⋁ߦ౉ࠇ‫ߊߪޔ‬߆ࠆ‫࠻ࠗ࡜ࡓࠇߙࠇߘޕ‬q‫ޔ‬⍹⧷ઃㄭߩࡇ࡯ࠢ

㔌ଦㅴ೷ߣߒߡ 㧑࡛࠙ൻ࡝࠴࠙ࡓ᳓ṁᶧ ǴN ࠍᷝᒝᐲߣඨଔ᏷ߩⓍ߆ࠄ⋧ኻᲧࠍ᳞߼ࠆߣ‫࠻ࠗ࡜ࡓޔ‬⍹⧷ടߒߡ㜞๟ᵄṁⲢἹ㧔㧔ᩣ㧕࡝ࠟࠢ␠⵾ /$#㧕ߢṁ㧦ߣߥߞߚ‫ߩ࠻ࠗ࡜࠲ࡍޔ߅ߥޕ‬㐳⍹‫․ޔ‬਄㒻⸃ᓟ‫ޔ‬ᕆ಄ߐߖߡࠟ࡜ࠬࡆ࡯࠼ࠍ૞ᚑߒߚ‫ࠬ࡜ࠟߩߎޕ‬࿯ߩ࠮࡝ࠨࠗ࠻‫ߩ࠻ࠗ࠽࡝ࠝࠞޔ‬࿁᛬✢ߪᶖᄬߒߡ޿ࠆ

ࡆ࡯࠼ߦߟ޿ߡ‫Ⱟޔ‬శ㨄✢ಽᨆⵝ⟎㧔㧔ᩣ㧕࡝ࠟࠢ⵾

ߎߣߦߟ޿ߡ‫͠ޔ‬὾ᚑߦࠃߞߡ‫ࠍ⋧ࠬ࡜ࠟޔ‬ᒻᚑߒ


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ߚࠅ‫࠻ࠗ࡜ࡓޔ‬㧔5K1㨯#N1㧕ߦᄌൻߒߚߎߣ߇⠨߃ࠄ ߥ߅‫ޔ‬࿑ߦߪ࡝࠴࠙ࡓḮߣߒߡⰯశ:✢ಽᨆ↪྾ࡎ࠙ࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬㉄࡝࠴࠙ࡓࠍࡍ࠲࡜ࠗ࠻ߩᦧࠊࠅ↪޿ߚ⚿ᨐ߽␜ߔ‫ޕ‬ᢿ㕙㧔Ꮐ౮⌀㧕‫ޔ‬෸߮὾ᚑ૕ࠍ*(ṁᶧߦಽᶐߖ߈ߒ‫ޔ‬ࠟ࡜ࠬ⋧ࠍṁ⸃ߒߚᓟߩ⎕ᢿ㕙ᓸ᭴ㅧ㧔ฝ౮⌀㧕ࠍ␜ߔ‫ޕ‬ࡍ࠲࡜ࠗ࠻ࠍᷝടߒߡ޿ߥ޿႐ว‫ޔ‬ǴOએ਄ߩ⍹⧷☸

෸߮ߘߩ☸ห჻ߩṁ⌕‛ߣߥߞߡ߅ࠅ‫ߚ߹ޔ‬ᢙǴO⒟ᐲߩ

ሹ߇ሽ࿷ߒߡ޿ࠆ᭽ሶ߇ಽ߆ࠆ‫ޕ‬㪈㪋㪇ㅘㆊశᒝᐲ䋨㪣㫌㫏䋩࿑ߦࡍ࠲࡜ࠗ࠻฽᦭㊂ࠍᄌൻߐߖߡ὾ᚑߒߚ⹜ᢱ⎕

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࿑ ᄤ⨲․਄㒻࿯߳ߩⲢ೷ᷝട㊂ߣ὾ᚑ૕ߩశㅘㆊ₸ߩ㑐ଥ ࿑߆ࠄࡍ࠲࡜ࠗ࠻ᷝട㊂߇Ⴧ߃ࠆߦߒߚ߇ߞߡㅘశ

㪌㩼ᕈ߽ะ਄ߔࠆߎߣ߇ಽ߆ࠆ‫ޔߜࠊߥߔޕ‬㧑ࡍ࠲࡜ࠗ࠻ࠍ
ᄤ⨲․਄㒻࿯ߦ㈩วߔࠆߣ⚂୚⒟ᐲㅘశᕈ߇⦟ߊߥࠅ‫ޔ‬㧑એ㒠߽ᥳᤨะ਄ߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޔߡ޿ߟߦߣߎߩߎޕ‬࿑ߦ㪈㪇㩼␜ߒߚ⎕ᢿ㕙ߩᓸ᭴ㅧ߆ࠄ‫࠻ࠗ࡜࠲ࡍޔ‬ᷝടߣߣ߽ߦ⎕ᢿ㕙߇ኒߢ߆ߟ㧑*(ࠛ࠶࠴ࡦࠣᓟ‫ޔ‬⍹⧷☸ሶߩ☸⇇߇ᶖᄬߒߡ޿ߊࠃ߁ߦ‫ޔ‬⍹⧷☸ሶ๟ㄝ߇ࡍ࠲࡜ࠗ࠻ߦᾦߌࠟ
࡜ࠬൻߒߡ޿ߊ⚿ᨐ‫ޔ‬ㅘశᕈ߇Ⴧടߒߚߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬㪈㪌㩼৻ᣇ‫ޔ‬྾ࡎ࠙㉄࡝࠴࠙ࡓߪ㧑ᷝടߢᕆỗߦะ਄ߒ‫ޔ‬㧑ߢߪήᷝട㒻࿯ߦᲧߴ⚂୚ߣߥࠅ‫ޔ‬ᾦⲢജߪࡍ࠲
࡜ࠗ࠻ࠃࠅᄢ߈޿ߎߣ߇ಽ߆ࠆ‫ޕ‬ታ㓙⊛ߦߪⲢ೷ࠍᄙߊ
ട߃ࠆߣ‫Ⲣޔ‬೷ߦߪర᧪น႟ᕈߪߥ޿ߩߢ‫ޔ‬ᚑᒻᕈ߇ᖡ

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ⓨሹ



ߊߥࠆߎߣ‫⵾ࠬ࡜ࠟ߮ࠃ߅ޔ‬ຠߣᄌࠊࠄߥߊߥࠆߩߢ‫ޔ‬⏛ེ⵾ຠߣߒߡߩ㝯ജߦᰳߌࠆࠃ߁ߦߥࠆ‫ޕ‬ߘߎߢ‫ࠍ࠻ࠗ࡜࠲ࡍޔ‬㨪㧑ᄤ⨲․਄㒻࿯ߦᷝടߒߚ࿑ ࡍ࠲࡜ࠗ࠻฽᦭὾ᚑ૕ߩᓸ᭴ㅧ

㒻࿯ࠍㅘశᕈ㒻࿯ߣߒߡ↪޿ࠆߎߣߦߒߚ‫ޕ‬

ฝ*(ࠛ࠶࠴ࡦࠣᓟ‫ޔ‬Ꮐࠛ࠶࠴ࡦࠣ೨㨪㧑ߢߪᷝട㊂ߣߣ߽ߦ⎕ᢿ㕙ߪኒߦߥߞߡ߅ࠅ‫ޔ‬ ⊕⦡ᐲ࡮⦡ᐲ

ࠛ࠶࠴ࡦࠣࠍⴕ߁ߣ⴫㕙ߦ࠙ࠗࠬࠞ⁁ߩ㓸ว‛߇↢ᚑߒ⊕⦡ᐲ⹜㛎⚿ᨐࠍ࿑  ߅ࠃ߮  ߦ␜ߔ‫ޕ‬࿑  ߆ࠄ‫ޔ‬ㅘశߡ޿ࠆ‫ߪࠇߎޕ‬㊎⁁ࡓ࡜ࠗ࠻⚿᥏ߩ㓸ว૕ߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬ᕈ㒻࿯㧔᦬⪇㧕ࠍฦ᧦ઙߢ὾ᚑߒߚ⹜㛎 ߩ⊕⦡ᐲߪᓥ᧪

ߒ߆ߒ‫ޔ‬㧑ߦߥࠆߣ‫ޔ‬⎕ᢿ㕙ߪ৻᭽ߢߥߊ‫⚂ޔ‬ǴOߩ

ߩ․਄㒻࿯ߩ὾ᚑຠࠃࠅࠊߕ߆ߦഠࠆ߽ߩߩ‫⦟ߨ߻߅߅ޔ‬ⓨሹ߽⊒↢ߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ࠣࡦ࠴࠶ࠛޕ‬㕙ߪ⊕⦡⁁‛ߦ߅߅ࠊᅢߥ⊕⦡ᐲࠍ␜ߒߚ‫ࠄ߆ߣߎߩߎޕ‬ᄤ⨲㒻⍹ࠍේᢱߣߔࠆ

ࠇߡ߅ࠅ‫ޔ‬⍹⧷☸ሶߩ☸⇇ߪᶖᄬߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬⊕⏛ߩ․ᓽߢ޽ࠆ⊕ߐߦ߅޿ߡ‫ޔ‬Ꮢ႐┹੎ജࠍ⏕଻ߔࠆ਄ᰴߦ‫࠻ࠗ࠲࠲ࡍޔ‬㈩ว὾ᚑ૕ߩశㅘㆊ₸ߦߟ޿ߡᬌ⸛
ߒߚ‫࠻ࠗ࡜࠲ࡍޕ‬ᷝട㊂ߣశㅘㆊ₸ߩ㑐ଥࠍ࿑ߦ␜ߔ‫ޕ‬ߢᦸ߹ߒ޿৻ቯ⒟ᐲߩ⊕ߐࠍᜬߟ㒻⏛ེ߇૞ᚑߢ߈ࠆߣ
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ߩᒝᐲૐਅߪ߶ߣࠎߤߥ޿ߎߣ߇ಽ߆ࠆ‫㉄ߦ⊛⥸৻ޕ‬ൻ὾

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ᚑߢߪ‫⚛ޔ‬࿾ౝߩⓨሹ߇ේ࿃ߣ⷗ࠄࠇࠆᒝᐲૐਅ߇⷗ࠄࠇ

㪐㪈ࠆ߇‫੹ࠆߌ߅ߦ⪇᦬ޔ‬࿁ߩ⹏ଔ⹜㛎ߦ߅޿ߡߪߘߩᓇ㗀ߪ㪏㪐ዊߐߊ‫ޔ‬὾⚿߇⦟ᅢߢ޽ࠆߎߣ߇␜ໂߐࠇߚ‫ޕ‬એ਄ߩߎߣ߆ࠄ‫ޔ‬ㅘశᕈ㒻࿯㧔᦬⪇㧕ࠍ↪޿ߚ὾ᚑຠߪ‫ޔ‬

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ᓥ᧪ߩᄤ⨲㒻⏛ེࠃࠅ㜞ᒝᐲߢ‫ޔߦᦝޔ‬὾ᚑ㔓࿐᳇ߦ↱᧪

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ߔࠆ὾ᚑ๒⦡ߩ㆑޿߆ࠄ‫↪૶ޔ‬႐㕙ߦᔕߓߚ⏛ེ⵾ຠߩ⵾
ㅧ㧔଀㧦㜞⚖ᗵࠍ㊀ⷞߒߚ⵾ຠߢߪ㗼⪺ߦ⊕ߐࠍ␜ߔㆶర      ࿑ฦ὾ᚑຠߩ⊕⦡ᐲ㔓࿐᳇ਅߢߩ὾ᚑ‫ࠍߒ≹ޔ‬㊀ⷞߒߚ⵾ຠߢߪ㤛⦡๧ࠍઃട

ߔࠆ㉄ൻ㔓࿐᳇ਅߢߩ὾ᚑ㧕߇‫ޔ‬ᒝᐲࠍ៊ߥ߁ߎߣߥߊน
㪎㪅㪇㪹㪁㩿㪛㪍㪌
㩿㪛㪍㪌㪀㩷㪲㪪㪚㪠㪴

᦬⪇

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․਄
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⢻ߣߥࠆߎߣ߇ᦼᓙߢ߈ࠆ‫ޕ‬䋨㉄ൻ㔓࿐᳇ਅ
㔓࿐᳇ਅ䋩⃻႐⊛⹜૞⹜㛎⚿ᨐ㪋㪅㪇䋨ㆶర㔓࿐᳇ਅ
㔓࿐᳇ਅ䋩

㪄㪉㪅㪇

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⎇ⓥදജડᬺߣ౒หߢ‫ޔ‬㒻⏛ེ⵾ຠߩ⃻႐⊛⹜૞ࠍⴕ㪉㪅㪇ߞߚ‫ޕ‬ᵆᅕߩ⺞ᢛߪࡏ࡯࡞ࡒ࡞ࠍ↪޿ߡⴕ޿‫ޔ‬ᓥ᧪⵾ຠ

․਄
㪈㪅㪇
․਄䋨ᣉ㉽
․਄䋨ᣉ㉽䋩 ᦬⪇
᦬⪇䋨ᣉ㉽
᦬⪇䋨
ᣉ㉽䋩
㪇㪅㪇
㪄㪈㪅㪌
㪄㪈㪅㪇
㪄㪇㪅㪌
㪇㪅㪇
㪇㪅㪌
㪄㪈㪅㪇
㪸㪁㩿㪛㪍㪌㪀㩷㪲㪪㪚㪠㪴ߩ⍹⤉ဳ㧔㧟⒳㘃㧕ࠍ↪޿ߡឃᵆ㍌ㄟߺࠍਛᔃߦᚑᒻࠍ
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㪈㪅㪌

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ⴕߞߚ‫ߦࠄߐޕ‬Ꮢ⽼ߩ⍹Ἧ㉽ߦࠃࠆᣉ㉽ߣ‫⃻ޔ‬࿷ᣢ⵾ຠࠍ⵾ㅧߒߡ޿ࠆߩߣหߓ᷷ᐲߦࠃࠆ὾ᚑ㧔ᧄ὾ߪㆶర㔓     ࿑ฦ὾ᚑຠߩ⦡ᐲ

࿐᳇ਅߢታᣉ㧕ࠍⴕߞߚ‫ޕ‬ᓧࠄࠇߚ⹜૞ຠߦߟ޿ߡ‫Ⱟޔ‬శἮਅߢߩ᭽ሶ߿శࠍㅘㆊߐߖߚ᭽ሶࠍ࿑  ߦ␜ߔ‫ޕ‬߹ߚ‫㉄ޔ‬ൻ㔓࿐᳇ਅߢ὾ᚑߔࠆߣ‫․ޔ⪇᦬ޔ‬਄㒻࿯ߩਔ⹜૞⹜㛎ߩ⚿ᨐ‫৻ޔ‬ㇱߦᱡߺ߇↢ߓࠆߥߤߒߚ߇‫ޔ‬ᣂⷙ♽ߢ㤛⦡๧ߩჇട߇⏕⹺ߐࠇߚ߇ ࿑  ‫⏛⊕ޔߪࠄࠇߎޔ‬⸳஻ߩዉ౉ࠍߖߕߦ‫ޔߟ߆ޔ‬ᣢሽຠߣหᤨ⵾ㅧ߇น⢻ߣߩ‫ޟ‬ಁ߃ಁ߃‫ߦߐ⊕ߚߒߣޠ‬ኻߒߡ‫ޔ‬‫ࠆ߇ߥߟߦޠߒ≹ޟ‬ߺࠄࠇߚ‫⵾ޔߚ߹ޕ‬ㅧࠦࠬ࠻ߦߟ޿ߡᬌ⸛ࠍⴕߞߚ⚿ᨐ‫ޔ‬ᥦ߆ߺߩ޽ࠆ㤛⦡๧ࠍߐࠄߦઃടߔࠆ߽ߩߣᦼᓙߐࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬ේ᧚ᢱ⾌ߦߟ޿ߡᢙ㧑ߩ਄᣹ߣ‫ޔ‬ㅘశᕈ᧚ᢱߩ૞ᚑᎿ⒟ߦଥࠆੱઙ⾌ߩࠊߕ߆ߥ਄᣹߇⷗ㄟ߹ࠇߚ㧔⹦⚦ߥᖱႎ ‛ᕈ⹜㛎⚿ᨐߩឝタߪ੹ᓟߩ⍮⊛⽷↥ᚢ⇛ࠍ⷗ᝪ߃ߡ౏㐿ࠍ⷗ㅍߞ  ฦ᧦ઙਅߢ૞ᚑߒߚ⹜㛎 ߦߟ޿ߡ‫ޔ‬෼❗₸‫ߍᦛޔ‬ᒝᐲߚ㧕‫ޔߒ߆ߒޕ‬ᣂⷙ⸳஻ߩዉ౉ߥߤߪਇⷐߢ޽ࠆߚ߼‫ޔ‬ㅘశᕈ߿ᒝᐲߩะ਄ߣ޿߁ઃടଔ୯ࠍട๧ߔࠆߎߣߦࠃࠅ‫ޔ‬ࠍ⺞ߴߚ⚿ᨐࠍ⴫㧝ߦ␜ߔ‫ޕ‬ࠦࠬ࠻਄᣹ಽࠍ⋧Ვߒ‫ޔߟ߆ޔ‬Ꮢ႐┹੎ജࠍ㜞߼ߚ⵾ຠ⴫ 1 ฦ὾ᚑ⹜㛎 ߦ߅ߌࠆ෼❗₸‫ߍᦛޔ‬ᒝᐲ⹜㛎⚿ᨐ
⹜ᢱฬ
᦬䇭⪇
․਄㒻࿯

὾ᚑ㔓࿐᳇

ߩ⃻႐⊛㐿⊒߇น⢻ߦߥࠆߣ⷗ㄟ߹ࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬෼❗₸㩿䋦㪀
ᦨᄢᔕജ䋨㪥㪆㫄㫄㪉㪀䇭ੇ䇭῎䇭䇭䇭὾䇭ᚑ䇭ో෼❗䇭䇭䇭㉄ൻ㩷㩷㩷㩷㪇㪅㪉㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㪈㪇㪅㪎㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㪈㪇㪅㪐㪏㪎㪅㪌㫧㪈㪅㪈

ㆶర㩷㩷㩷㩷㪇㪅㪊㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㪈㪇㪅㪐㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㪈㪈㪅㪉㪏㪏㪅㪐㫧㪈㪅㪉

㉄ൻ䇭㩷㩷㪊㪅㪎㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷䇭㩷䇭㪈㪇㪅㪍㩷㩷䇭䇭㪈㪋㪅㪉㪌㪇㪅㪎㫧㪊㪅㪈

ㆶర㩷䇭㩷㪊㪅㪍㩷㩷㩷䇭䇭䇭㩷㪈㪈㪅㪇㩷㩷㩷䇭㩷㪈㪋㪅㪍㪍㪉㪅㪉㫧㪉㪅㪈

䋨A䋩

⴫㧝ࠃࠅᲧセኻ⽎ߣߒߡ⹜㛎ߒߚ․਄㒻࿯ࠃࠅㅘశᕈ
㒻࿯㧔᦬⪇㧕߇෼❗₸߇ዊߐߊ‫ߍᦛߚ߹ޔ‬ᒝᐲ߽ᄢ߈޿ߎ  ߣ߇ಽ߆ࠆ‫ޔߦᦝޕ‬὾ᚑ㔓࿐᳇᧦ઙߦߟ޿ߡ‫․ޔ‬਄㒻࿯ߩ႐ว‫㉄ޔ‬ൻ὾ᚑࠍⴕ߁ߣㆶర὾ᚑߦᲧߴᦛߍᒝᐲ߇ૐਅ
㧔ᦨᄢὐᔕജ߇⚂ 0OO㧞㧕ߔࠆ߇‫ޔ‬ㅘశᕈ㒻࿯㧔᦬⪇㧕

䋨B䋩

䋨C䋩


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䋨B䋩

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ᄤ⨲․਄㒻࿯ߦ࡝࠴࠙ࡓḮߣߒߡ‫࠻ࠗ࡜࠲ࡍޔ‬㋶‛ࠍ㨪㧑ᷝടߔࠆߣ‫ޔ‬὾ᚑ૕ߩㅘశᕈߪᓥ᧪ߩ․਄

὾ᚑຠߦᲧߴ‫ޔ‬୚⒟ᐲะ਄ߔࠆߎߣ߇ಽ߆ߞߚ‫ޕ‬⊕⦡ᐲߪ․਄὾ᚑຠߦᲧߴഠࠆ߽ߩߩ‫ޔ‬὾ᚑ෼❗ߪዊߐߊߥࠅ‫ߍᦛߟ߆ޔ‬ᒝᐲߪㆶర࡮㉄ൻ὾ᚑߣ߽ᄢ߈ߊ‫ޔ‬ᄤ⨲㒻⍹ࠍ↪޿ࠆᓥ᧪ߩㆶర὾ᚑຠ㧔ಁ߃ߩ޽ࠆ⊕ߐ㧕߆ࠄ‫ޔ‬ᓥ᧪ຠࠃࠅ㜞ᒝᐲߢ‫㉄ޔ‬ൻ὾ᚑߦࠃࠆ⦡⺞߆ࠄ‫ߒ≹ޔ‬ലᨐߩ޽ࠆ㤛⦡ߺࠍᏪ߮ߚ⏛ེ⵾ຠ߇ߢ߈ࠆߎߣࠍ߇ಽ߆ߞߚ‫੹ޕ‬ᓟ‫ޔ‬ᄤ⨲㒻⍹ᬺ⇇ߩ┇రߣ౒หߢታ↪ൻࠍ⋡ᜰߔ‫ޕ‬


















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5- ߆ࠄ 5- ߦะ਄ߒߚ‫ޔߚ߹ޕ‬㧝㧑೨ᓟߩ㋕ಽ㧔(G1㧕߇ 㨪㧑ߦᷫዋߒ‫߁ⴕࠍ⎈☳࡞ࡒࡊࡦ࠲ࠬޔ‬ߣ‫ޔ‬㒻࿯ߩ☸ᐲಽᏓߪᏒ⽼㒻࿯ߣ߶߷ห᭽ߦߥࠆߎߣ߇ಽ߆ߞߚ‫ޕ‬



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㪉㪍㪇㪊㪎

ᄤ⨲㒻⍹ߪ㒻⏛ེේᢱߣߒߡᳯᚭᤨઍࠃࠅ⃻࿷߹಴⩄㗵䋨⊖ਁ౞䋩㪉㪌㪇㪇㪇ߢ㐳ᦼߦࠊߚߞߡ૶↪ߐࠇ‫ޔ‬ਥߦ૒⾐࡮㐳ፒ⋵ਅ㧔⢈೨࿾ၞ㧕ߩ㒻⏛ེᬺ⇇ߦ಴⩄ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ ᐕઍߩ㜞ᐲ⚻ᷣᚑ㐳ᦼߦߪ࿖ౝߩ㒻⏛ེ↥

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ᬺߩᵴᴫߣ߽⋧߹ߞߡ‫ޔ‬ᄤ⨲㒻⍹ߩ↢↥㊂ߪᐕ㑆 㪍㪍㪋㪏ਁ࠻ࡦ㧔ో࿖ߩ㒻⍹↢↥㊂ߪ  ਁ࠻ࡦએ਄㧕⒟ᐲߦ

㪌㪇㪇㪇㆐ߒߚᤨᦼ߽޽ߞߚ‫ޔߒ߆ߒޕ‬ㄭᐕࡃࡉ࡞⚻ᷣߩ፣㪇㪈㪐㪐㪇უߦࠃࠆ࿖ౝ᥊᳇ߩૐㅅ‫↢ޔ‬ᵴࠬ࠲ࠗ࡞ߩᵗ㘑ൻߦ

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㘩ථ䊶෠ᚱ↪ຠ಴⩄㗵䈱ផ⒖䋨⊖ਁ౞䋩ߣ߽ߥ߁๺㘩ེ߫ߥࠇ‫ޔ‬ᶏᄖ߆ࠄߩ቟ଔߥ㒻⏛ེ⵾ຠߩャ౉Ⴧ╬ߦࠃࠅ‫ޔ‬૒⾐࡮㐳ፒ⋵ߢߪ㒻⏛ེ⵾ຠ࿑  ૒⾐࡮㐳ፒ⋵ਅߩ㒻⏛ེ⵾ຠ಴⩄㗵ߩផ⒖ߩ↢↥߇ᷫዋߒߡ߅ࠅ㧔࿑㧝㧕‫ߩߘޔ‬ᓇ㗀ߢᄤ⨲㒻⍹   㧔૒⾐⋵⺞ᩏ㧕ߩ↢↥㊂߽⪭ߜㄟߺ‫⃻ޔ‬࿷‫ޔ‬ᄤ⨲㒻⍹ࠍណជ಴⩄ߒߡ޿ࠆડᬺߪ㧟␠‫ޔ‬ᓥᬺ⠪ᢙߪ  ฬࠍഀࠅㄟࠎߢ⧯ᐓߩ㋕ൻว‛㧔㋕ಽߩ฽᦭㊂ߦࠃߞߡଔᩰ߇ቯ߼

޿ࠆ㧔 ᐕઍߪ  ␠‫ ޔ‬ฬએ਄㧕‫ޕ‬ࠄࠇߡ޿ࠆ㧕߇฽߹ࠇߡ߅ࠅ‫ޔ‬⠴Ἣᐲ 5- ͠

ᓥ᧪‫ޔ‬㒻⏛ེේᢱߣߒߡ૶↪ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆᄤ⨲㒻⍹ߦએ਄߇಴⩄ߩኻ⽎ߣߥߞߡ޿ࠆ‫ޔߒ߆ߒޕ‬㋕ಽߩዋߪ‫ޔ‬㋶‛ߣߒߡ⍹⧷‫ޔߣ࠻ࠗࠨ࡝࠮ޔ࠻ࠗ࠽࡝ࠝࠞޔ‬ߥ޿⦟⾰㒻⍹ߩนណၒ⬿㊂ߪᷫዋߒ‫ޔ‬ᣂⷙߥ㒻⍹⾗



Ḯࠍ᳞߼ߡ߽‫⹜ޔ‬ជ⾌↪‫ޔ‬Უጤ╬ߩᑄ࿯႐ᚲߦ໧㗴ᄤ⨲ૐἫᐲ㒻⍹䈱ဋ⾰ൻ⎇ⓥ߇޽ࠅ‫ޔ‬಴⩄㊂ߩჇട߇ᦼᓙߢ߈ߥ޿⃻⁁ߢߪᣂߚේ⍹䈱ᯏ᪾ណជ

ߥណជ࿾ࠍಾࠅ㐿ߊߎߣߪ⚻༡⊛ߦ࿎㔍ߣߥߞߡ޿

䋱ᰴ⎕⎈䋨10cm䋩ဋ⾰ᄤ⨲㒻࿯䈱⺞⵾⎇ⓥ
ᷙวຠ䋨⠴ἫᐲSK18㋕ಽ0.6%એਅ䋩䉴䉺䊮䊒䊚䊦☳⎈ࠆ‫৻ޕ‬ᣇ‫ޔ‬㒻⍹ൻ૞↪߇ਇචಽߢ‫ޔ‬⍹⧷‫࠽࡝ࠝࠞޔ‬䋲ᰴ⎕⎈䋨1cmએਅ䋩ࠗ࠻‫࠻ࠗࠨ࡝࠮ޔ‬એᄖߦ‫ޔ‬㐳⍹㧔ᄢඨ߇ᦡ㐳⍹㧕߇ᱷሽߒ‫ޔ‬⠴Ἣᐲ߇ 5-㧔͠㧕એਅߩૐἫᐲ㒻⍹䊨䊷䊤䊷䊚䊦☳⎈(44㱘mએਅ䋩᳓䇭☀ᷙว䋨⠴ἫᐲSK18೨ᓟ䋩᳓☀䉴䊤䊥䊷

ߪ‫ޔ‬ၒ⬿㊂߇ᢙం࠻ࡦߣ⸒ࠊࠇߡ޿ࠆ߇㐳⍹ߩ߫ࠄㅘశᕈේᢱ⣕䇭㋕䋨0.6%એਅ䋩ߟ߈߇ᄢ߈ߊ‫ޔ‬⠴Ἣᐲ߇৻ቯߒߥ޿ߩߢ᦭ല೑↪ߐ

⃯

น႟ᕈ☼࿯

ࠇߡ޿ߥ޿‫੹ߢߎߘޕ‬࿁‫ޔ‬࿖⵬੐ᬺ㧔࿾ၞ⾗Ḯᵴ↪

ᷙวຠ䋨⠴ἫᐲSK18㋕ಽ0.6%એਅ䋩ဳ౒ห⎇ⓥ㐿⊒੐ᬺ㧕ߩណᛯࠍฃߌߡ‫ޔ⋵ᧄޔ‬૒⾐࡮Ḩᑼ䊗䊷䊦䊚䊦ᷙวḨᑼ䊗䊷䊦䊚䊦ᓸ☳⎈䊶ᷙว㐳ፒ⋵෸߮㑐ଥડᬺ߇⎇ⓥ౒ห૕㧔▤ℂᴺੱ㧦૒⾐ല೑↪ࠍਛᔃߣߒߚ౒ห⎇ⓥࠍ‫ޔ‬ᐔᚑ 㧘 ᐕߩ ᣂ㒻࿯(䋱䊃
ᣂ㒻䋱䊃䊮/࿁䋩
࿁䋩

౒ห⎇ⓥ
౒ห
⎇ⓥᯏ㑐
ᯏ㑐䈮ឭଏ

⋵࿾ၞ↥ᬺᡰេ࠮ࡦ࠲࡯㧕ࠍഃࠅ‫ޔ‬ૐἫᐲ㒻⍹ߩ᦭࿑  ဋ⾰ൻ‫ޔ‬㒻࿯⺞⵾ታ㛎ࡈࡠ࡯ࠞᐕ㑆ታᣉߒߚ‫ޕ‬․ߦ‫ߪ⋵ᧄޔ‬਄↰㒻⍹㧔ว㧕ߣߣ߽ߦ‫ޔ‬ಽᜂ⎇෻ᔕᮏ㧔O㧕ߦ෻ᔕᮏ਄㕙߆ࠄࡌ࡞࠻ࠦࡦࡌࠕߦⓥ⺖㗴  ‫⎇ߡ޿ߟߦ  ޔ‬ⓥߒߚ‫ޕ‬ ૐ Ἣ ᐲ 㒻 ⍹ ߩ ဋ ⾰ ൻ ࡮ ㈩ ว ᛛ ⴚ ߩ ⏕ ┙  ࠃࠅ‫⋁ޔ‬ጊ‫ޔ‬ᵿᐔ㒻⍹ේᢱߦߟ޿ߡ‫ޔ‬ᛩ౉ㅦᐲ ‫ޔ‬ ૐἫᐲ㒻⍹ࠍ↪޿ࠆ⵾࿯ᛛⴚߩ⏕┙

V* ߢᛩ౉ߒߚ ⴫  ‫ߚ߹ޕ‬ᛩ౉ਛ‫ ޔ‬ಽߏߣߦᧄႎ๔ߢߪ‫⎇ߩ  ޔ  ޔ‬ⓥᚑᨐࠍㅀߴࠆ‫ޕ‬ߘࠇߙࠇ 㨮MI ណขߒಽᨆ↪⹜ᢱߣߒߚ㧔ࡕ࠾࠲࡝ࡦࠣ #㧕‫ޕ‬㧞㧚ታ㛎ᣇᴺ ဋ⾰ൻ‫ޔ‬㒻࿯⺞⵾ታ㛎ᣇᴺ ࿑㧞ߦૐἫᐲ㒻⍹ߩဋ⾰ൻ⎇ⓥߣဋ⾰ൻߒߚ㒻⍹ࠍ↪޿ࠆ㒻࿯⺞⵾ታ㛎ࡈࡠ࡯ࠍ␜ߔ‫ޕ‬⴫㧝 ૐἫᐲ㒻⍹ߩ⹜ᢱฬߣࠨࡦࡊ࡝ࡦࠣ᧦ઙ
⴫㧞㧙㧝 ᄤ⨲㒻⍹⹜ᢱߩណข⚿ᨐߣ⹜ᢱฬ
⹜ᢱណขᢙߥ߅‫ᧄޔ‬ታ㛎ߢߪ‫ޔ‬㒻⍹ේ⍹ߪ㒻࿯ߦߔࠆߣ‫ࠈޟ‬ߊࠈᚑᒻ‫ߦޠ‬ㆡߔࠆߣ⸒ࠊࠇߡ޿ࠆ⋁ጊ⣂㧔ಾ⠀ฬ⣕㋕ಣℂᮏ߳ߩ
☳⎈㒻⍹ߩᐔဋᛩ౉ㅦᐲ

⹜ᢱฬဋ⾰ൻಣℂ೨

⋁ጊ㒻⍹

㧢⹜ᢱ



⋁ጊේ⍹
㧔0Q㨪0Q㧕㧔ᯏ᪾ណជຠ㧕

ᵿᐔ㒻⍹

㧢⹜ᢱ



ᵿᐔේ⍹
㧔0Q㨪0Q㧕㧢㧚㧡㨗㨓㧛㧡⑽㧔㧠㧚㧣࠻ࡦ㧛ᤨ㑆㧕⋁ጊ⣕㋕೨
㧔0Q㨪0Q㧕ဋ⾰ൻᓟ࡮⣕㋕ಣℂ೨ ⋁ጊ㒻⍹ 㧟㧡⹜ᢱ㧦વ౓ⴡᧁ႐㧕ߣ‫⚿ޔ‬᥏ᕈߩࠃ޿࠮࡝ࠨࠗ࠻‫ࠝࠞޔ‬㧔ࡕ࠾࠲࡝ࡦࠣ#㧕ᵿᐔ㒻⍹ 㧟㧜⹜ᢱ㧢㧚㧥㨗㨓㧛㧠⑽㧔㧢㧚㧞࠻ࡦ㧛ᤨ㑆㧕ᵿᐔ⣕㋕೨
㧔0Q㨪0Q㧕࡝࠽ࠗ࠻߇฽߹ࠇ‫⋁ޔ‬ጊ⣂ߩ㒻⍹ߦᲧߴ⎬ߊ☳⎈ߒ⣕㋕ಣℂᓟ⋁ጊ㒻⍹ 㧟㧞⹜ᢱ⋁ጊ⣕㋕㒻⍹
㧔0Q㨪0Q㧕㧔ࡕ࠾࠲࡝ࡦࠣ$㧕ᵿᐔ㒻⍹ 㧟㧟⹜ᢱᵿᐔ⣕㋕㒻⍹
㧔0Q㨪0Q㧕ߦߊ޿߇‫ޔ‬㍌ㄟߺᚑᒻߦㆡߒߚ㒻⍹߇↥಴ߔࠆᶏጯ
⣂㧔ಾ⠀ฬ㧦ᵿᐔ㧕ߩ㧞▎ᚲ߆ࠄណជߒߚૐἫᐲ㒻⍹ࠍኻ⽎ߣߒ‫ޔ‬㒻⍹㋶⣂⺞ᩏ⚿ᨐ߿㒻⍹ߩណជ⁁ᴫේᢱᛩ౉ᓟ‫ޔ‬ᒰᎿ႐ߢⴕࠊࠇߡ޿ࠆႮ㉄⣕㋕ᠲ૞ࠍ〯߹߃‫ޔ‬ဋ⾰ൻᓟߩ⋡ᮡ⠴ἫᐲࠍSK17㨪19㧔148

ߦࠃࠅ⣕㋕ಣℂࠍⴕߞߚ‫ޕ‬⣕㋕ಣℂᓟ‫ޔ‬ห᭽ߦ⹜ᢱ

0㨪1520͠㧕ߣߒߚ‫ޕ‬ૐἫᐲ㒻⍹ߩဋ⾰ൻߪታ㛎ࠍណขߒߚ㧔ࡕ࠾࠲࡝ࡦࠣ㧮㧕‫ޕ‬⣕㋕ಣℂຠߪ⵾ຠ⟎߈࿑㧞㧔Ꮐ㧕ߦ␜ߔ‫ޔߕ߹ޕ‬㓸Ⓧߒߚේ⍹㧔⋥ᓘᢙ႐ߢ⥄ὼੇ῎ߐߖߚ‫ࠍ῎ੇޕ‬ଦㅴߐߖ߆ߟဋ⾰ൻࠍ

EO㧕ࠍᰴ☳⎈ߢߘࠇߙࠇEOએਅߒߚ‫ߦᦝޕ‬ᰴ☳ะ਄ߐߖࠆߚ߼‫ޔ‬㓐ᤨ‫⃻ߢ࡯ࠩ࡯࠼࡞ࡉޔ‬႐⊛ߦᷙ⎈ߢEOએਅߦߒߚ‫ޔ߅ߥޕ‬ᰴ‫ޔ‬ᰴ☳⎈ᓟ‫ޔ‬ᝄേ◎วߒߚ‫ޕ‬

ᯏ㧔⋡㐿߈EO‫ޔ‬EO㧕ߢಽ⚖ߒ‫◎ޔ‬਄ߪౣᐲ☳⎈ᯏ ᰴߦ‫ޔ‬ဋ⾰ൻ㒻⍹ࠍ↪޿࿑ 2 ߩฝᎿ⒟ߦ␜ߔߣ߅

ߦᚯߒߚ‫ޕ‬ᰴߦ‫ޔ‬ᰴ☳⎈࡮ಽ⚖ᠲ૞ߢᓧࠄࠇߚේᢱ

ࠅ‫ޔ‬㒻࿯㧔⵾࿯㧕⺞⵾ታ㛎ࠍⴕߞߚ‫ޕ‬㧔☸ᓘ㨪OO㧕ࠍ‫ޔ‬਄↰㒻⍹㧔ว㧕⣕㋕Ꮏ႐ߩ⣕㋕ࡠ࡯࡜࡯ࡒ࡞☳⎈ߪ㒻࿯ߩᚑᒻᕈࠍ଻ᜬߔࠆߚ߼

 

ߦ‫ޔ‬ဋ⾰ൻߒߚ⋁ጊ⣕㋕㒻⍹ߣᵿᐔ⣕㋕㒻⍹ࠍฦ㧞Ⴎ㉄ᶐߖ߈ࠍⴕ߁ߎߣߦࠃࠅ‫ޔ‬:✢࿁᛬ࡊࡠࡈࠕࠗ࡞

࠻ࡦ‫ޔ‬㧝࠻ࡦࠍᷙวߒߡᓸ☳⎈⹜㛎ࠍⴕߞߚ‫ޔߚ߹ޕ‬ߢ‫ޔ‬ǰ㧦qઃㄭߦ಴ࠆ⍹Ἧ⍹㧔%㧕↱᧪ߩ࿁᛬☳⎈ຠߦน႟ᕈ☼࿯╬‫ઁޔ‬ේᢱࠍᷙวߐߖߡḨᑼࡏࡇ࡯ࠢ߇ᶖṌߒߡ߅ࠅ⍹Ἧ⍹߇㒰෰ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆߎߣ
߇ಽ߆ࠆ‫ޕ‬࡯࡞ࡒ࡞☳⎈ᷙวࠍ߅ߎߥߞߚ㒻࿯߽⺞⵾ߒߚ‫ޕ‬ߥ߅‫࠻ࠗࠨ࡝࠮ޔ‬㧔5㧕‫࠻ࠗ࠽࡝ࠝࠞޔ‬㧔5㧕‫ޔ‬⍹⧷ ಽᨆ࡮⹏ଔᣇᴺ

㧔3㧕ߦߟ޿ߡ‫ޔ‬: ✢࿁᛬ࡄ࠲࡯ࡦ߆ࠄฦ⚿᥏㕙ߩᒻ ේ⍹ࠍࡂࡦࡑ࡯ߢ  ಽߒߚᓟ‫ߩⴕ⃻ޔ‬ㆶర὾ᚑἹ

⁁࡮㜞ߐߦߪ߶ߣࠎߤ㆑޿ߪ⹺߼ࠄࠇߥ޿‫ޕ‬ߢ㒻⏛ེ὾ᚑ᧦ઙ㧔5- ὾ᚑ㧕ߣห᭽ߦߒߡ⹜὾ࠍ

㪈㪇㪇ⴕߞߚ‫⹜ߚ߹ޕ‬ᢱߩൻቇᚑಽߪ‫ޔ‬ᣣᧄᎿᬺⷙᩰ‫ޟ‬⠴㪐㪇Ἣ‛⵾ຠߩⰯశ㨄✢ಽᨆᣇᴺ‫ޠ‬㧔,+54㧦㧕㪏㪇ࠍෳ⠨ߦߒߡಽᨆߒߚ‫ޕ‬ߔߥࠊߜ‫ޔ‬ᒝᾲᷫ㊂ಽᨆᱷߐ⹜ᢱ 㨓ߣ྾ࡎ࠙㪎㪇㉄࡝࠴࠙ࡓ I ࠍߘࠇߙࠇ♖⒊ߒߡᷙวᓟ‫⊕ޔ‬㊄⋁ߦ

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౉ࠇ‫ߊߪޔ‬㔌ଦㅴ೷ߣߒߡ 㧑࡛࠙ൻ࡝࠴࠙ࡓ᳓ṁᶧ ǴN ࠍᷝടߒߡ㜞๟ᵄṁⲢἹ㧔㧔ᩣ㧕࡝ࠟࠢ␠

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㪥 㫆 㪅㪈 㪌㪋㪇⵾ /$#㧕ߢṁ⸃ᓟ‫ޔ‬ᕆ಄ߐߖߡࠟ࡜ࠬࡆ࡯࠼ࠍ㪥 㫆 㪅㪉 㪉㪊㪇૞ᚑߒߚ‫Ⱟޔߡ޿ߟߦ࠼࡯ࡆࠬ࡜ࠟߩߎޕ‬శ㨄✢ಽ㪉㪇ᨆⵝ⟎㧔㧔ᩣ㧕࡝ࠟࠢ␠⵾ <5:㨑㧕ࠍ↪޿ߡⰯశ㪈㪇㨄✢ᒝᐲࠍ᷹ቯߒ‫ޔ‬ቯ㊂⸘▚࠰ࡈ࠻‫ޟ‬㧿㧽㨄ಽᨆ‫ޠ‬
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䋲㱔 䋨㪚㫌㪢㱍 䋩㊄ዻ㉄ൻ‛ߩ⾰㊂㧑୯ࠍᓧߚ‫ߦࠇߎޕ‬ᒝᾲᷫ㊂୯ࠍ    ࿑⋁ጊ⣕㋕⹜ᢱߩ:✢࿁᛬ࡄ࠲࡯ࡦ

ട߃‫ࠅࠃߦ▚⸘ޔ‬ൻቇಽᨆ୯ࠍ᳞߼ߚ‫ޕ‬       0Qߪᒝᾲᷫ㊂ߩᦨᄢ‫ᦨޔ‬ዊ⹜ᢱ☳ᧃ㨄✢࿁᛬ⵝ⟎㧔㧔ᩣ㧕࡝ࠟࠢ␠⵾ 㧾㧵㧺㨀㧞㪇㧔ࠕࡊ࡝ࠤ࡯࡚ࠪࡦ㧦㧱㨆㧿㧜㧜㧟㨄㧺㨂㧕ߦࠃࠅ㪈㪇㪇㧜㧜㧜㨂㧕ߦࠃࠅ‫ޔ‬ǰǰᴺߢ᷹ቯߒߚ : ✢࿁᛬ࡊ㪐㪇ࡠࡈࠕࠗ࡞߆ࠄฦ㋶‛ࠍቯᕈ⊛ߦಽᨆߒߚ‫ޕ‬㪏㪇

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䋳.㩷 ታ㛎⚿ᨐ䈫⠨ኤ

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✢࿁᛬‫ޔ‬ൻቇಽᨆ╬ߢ⹏ଔߔࠆᔅⷐ߇޽ࠆߎߣ߇ಽ
߆ߞߚ‫ޕ‬    ࿑ᵿᐔ⣕㋕㒻⍹ߩ:✢࿁᛬ࡄ࠲࡯ࡦ

ߘߎߢ‫ޔ‬ේ⍹ߩ⃻႐⊛ᷙว‫࡮⎈☳☻ޔ‬ಽ⚖‫ޔ‬⣕㋕       0Qߪᒝᾲᷫ㊂ߩᦨᄢ‫ᦨޔ‬ዊ⹜ᢱ  䋲 㱔 䋨㪚 㫌㪢㱍 䋩

ಣℂߦࠃࠆ⚵ᚑߩဋ৻ൻࠍⴕߞߚ⹜ᢱࠍ↪޿ߡ‫ޔ‬㋶‛⚵ᚑߣൻቇᚑಽߩᄌൻࠍ⺞ߴߚ‫ޕ‬࿑‫ߦޔ‬㋶৻ᣇ‫ޔ‬࿑ߩᵿᐔ⣕㋕㒻⍹ߪ‫ޔ‬㐳⍹㘃㧔0-㧕ࠃ‛⚵ᚑߩᄌൻࠍ␜ߔ‫ޕ‬࿑ߩ⋁ጊ⣕㋕㒻⍹ߩ႐ว‫ޔ‬ࠅ࠮࡝ࠨࠗ࠻‫߇߈ߟࠄ߫ߩ࠻ࠗ࠽࡝ࠝࠞޔ‬ᄢ߈޿ߎ



ߣ߇ಽ߆ࠆ‫ޔߜࠊߥߔޕ‬:✢࿁᛬߆ࠄߩߺߢߪ‫ޔ‬ቯ㊂⊛ߥ⠴Ἣᐲߩ߫ࠄߟ߈ࠍ᳿ቯߔࠆߎߣߪ࿎㔍ߢ޽ࠆߎߣࠍ␜ໂߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޔߢߎߘޕ‬ൻቇᚑಽߦࠃࠆဋ৻
ᕈߦߟ޿ߡᬌ⸛ߒߚ‫⴫ޕ‬㧟ߦ⋁ጊ‫ޔ‬ᵿᐔේᢱߦߟ޿
ߡ‫ޔ‬⣕㋕೨ᓟߩൻቇಽᨆ⚿ᨐࠍ␜ߔ‫ޔࠄ߆⴫ޕ‬⍹Ἧ⍹ߦ⿠࿃ߔࠆ%C1ಽߪ⋁ጊ⣕㋕೨ߩ႐ว‫ޔ‬㨪㧑ߢ޽ߞߚߩ߇⣕㋕ߦࠃࠅ㧑એਅ㧔࿑ߩ⍹Ἧ⍹ߩࡇ࡯ࠢ߇ᶖṌߒߡ޿ࠆ㧕ߣߥࠅ‫ޔߚ߹ޔ‬㋕ൻว‛ߪ⋁ጊ‫ޔ‬ᵿᐔߣ߽(G1ߣߒߡ㧝㧑೨ᓟߣᄙ޿߇‫ޔ‬⣕㋕ࠍⴕ߁ߣ㋕ಽ߇ṁ⸃ߒߘࠇߙࠇ㨪㧑‫ޔ‬㨪㧑ߣએਅߦᷫዋߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޔߒ߆ߒޕ‬㐳⍹ߩൻቇᚑಽߢ޽ࠆ0C1ߪ⣕㋕೨ᓟߢ‫߽ࠇߕ޿ޔ‬߶ߣࠎߤᄌൻߒߡ޿ߥ޿‫ޔ߅ߥޕ‬5K1‫ޔ‬#N1ಽߪ⣕㋕ᓟ⧯ᐓჇടߒߡ߅ࠅ‫ޔ‬⣕㋕ߦࠃߞߡ㋕‫࠙ࠪ࡞ࠞޔ‬ࡓಽ߇ᷫዋߒߚߎߣߦࠃࠅ⋧ኻ⊛ߦჇടߒߚߚ߼ߣ
⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬ᄤ⨲㒻⍹ߩ⠴Ἣᐲߣൻቇᚑಽߩ㑐ଥߦߟ޿ߡߪ ᑼߢ⴫␜ߢ߈ࠆߣ⸒ࠊࠇߡ޿ࠆ㧝㧕‫ޕ‬ 65- 5K #N(G%C   0C-           ߇㒰෰ߐࠇࠆߎߣߦࠃߞߡ‫ޔ‬⠴Ἣᐲߩ৻ቯൻߣะ਄

ߎߎߢ‫ޔ‬5K#N(G%C0C-ߪ⴫ߦ␜ߔ5K1#N1 (G1%C10C1-1ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ ⴫㧟 㒻⍹⣕㋕೨ᓟߩൻቇಽᨆ⚿ᨐ㧔න૏OCUU㧑㧕 
L.O.I. SiO2 Al2O3 Fe2O3 TiO2 CaO MgO K2O Na2O Total
⹜ᢱฬ3.12 74.56 15.06 0.90 - 1.33 - 3.19 1.77 99.93⋁ጊ⣕㋕೨0Q
3.18 74.11 15.39 0.93 - 1.43 0.07 3.16 1.70 99.98⋁ጊ⣕㋕೨0Q
3.16 74.24 15.56 1.17 - 1.11 0.07 3.21 1.44 99.95⋁ጊ⣕㋕೨0Q
2.38 76.39 15.60 0.51 - 0.07 3.30 1.76 100.00⋁ጊ⣕㋕㒻⍹0Q
2.41 76.52 15.60 0.47 - 0.05 - 3.25 1.70 100.00⋁ጊ⣕㋕㒻⍹0Q
2.36 76.53 15.71 0.49 - 3.16 1.72 99.97⋁ጊ⣕㋕㒻⍹0Q
2.37 76.39 15.64 0.48 - 0.05 0.05 3.24 1.79 100.00⋁ጊ⣕㋕㒻⍹0Q
2.27 76.95 15.43 0.51 - 0.04 - 3.15 1.59 99.94⋁ጊ⣕㋕㒻⍹0Q
2.33 76.57 15.76 0.53 - 0.04 - 3.21 1.51 99.96⋁ጊ⣕㋕㒻⍹0Q
2.56 75.47 15.26 1.02 - 0.09 0.08 4.31 1.19 99.98
ᵿᐔ⣕㋕೨0Q
2.40 75.17 15.37 0.99 - 0.05 - 4.66 1.32 99.96
ᵿᐔ⣕㋕೨0Q
2.80 74.94 15.41 0.83 - 0.57 - 3.87 1.55 99.98
ᵿᐔ⣕㋕೨0Q
2.35 75.62 15.60 0.37 - 0.04 4.49 1.47 99.93
ᵿᐔ⣕㋕㒻⍹0Q
2.25 76.14 15.29 0.35 - 4.61 1.31 99.95
ᵿᐔ⣕㋕㒻⍹0Q
2.45 76.21 15.27 0.34 - 0.05 4.51 1.13 99.95
ᵿᐔ⣕㋕㒻⍹0Q
2.43 75.96 15.62 0.35 - 4.45 1.16 99.96
ᵿᐔ⣕㋕㒻⍹0Q ᑼߦ⴫ߩൻቇಽᨆ୯ࠍઍ౉ߒߡ6UMࠍ᳞߼‫࠯ޔ‬
࡯ࠥ࡞㍙⇟ภ ߢ⴫␜ߒߚ⠴Ἣᐲ㧔5-㧕ࠍ⴫ߦ␜ߔ
‫⋁ޕ‬ጊ⣕㋕೨ߩ⠴Ἣᐲߪ5-ߣផቯߐࠇ‫ޔ‬⣕㋕ߔ
ࠆߣ5-ߣ㜞ߊߥࠆߎߣ߇ಽ߆ࠆ‫  ޕ‬ ᄤ⨲㒻࿯⺞⵾㧔⵾࿯㧕ታ㛎⚿ᨐߎߩߎߣߦߟ޿ߡ‫  ޔ‬ᑼߦ␜ߒߚߣ߅ࠅ‫ޔ‬⣕㋕ಣ
ℂߦࠃߞߡ⠴Ἣᐲࠍਅߍࠆൻቇᚑಽߩ(G  1 %C1߇
ᷫዋߒߚߎߣߦࠃࠆߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇ‫ޔ‬㋕ൻว‛‫ޔ‬⍹Ἧ⍹߇␜ໂߐࠇࠆ‫ޔߦ߁ࠃߩߎޕ‬⠴Ἣᐲߩဋ৻ᕈࠍ್ᢿ
ߔࠆ႐ว‫ޔ‬:✢࿁᛬ߢߪਇචಽߢ޽ࠅ‫ޔ‬:✢࿁᛬ߣหᤨߦ‫ޔ‬ൻቇಽᨆࠍⴕߞߡ▤ℂߔࠆߎߣ߇㊀ⷐߢ޽ࠆߎߣ߇ಽ߆ߞߚ‫ޕ‬⴫ ⠴Ἣᐲߩផቯ

 

⹜ᢱฬ

㪫㫊㫂䋨㷄䋩

⠴Ἣᐲ䋨㪪㪢㪀⋁ጊ⣕㋕೨䇭䇭㩷㪥㫆㪅㪇㪎⋁ጊ⣕㋕೨䇭䇭㩷㪥㫆㪈㪎⋁ጊ⣕㋕೨䇭䇭㩷㪥㫆㪅㪉㪎

㪈㪋㪋㪉
㪈㪋㪋㪈
㪈㪋㪌㪍

䋱䋵䌾䋱䋶
䋱䋵䌾䋱䋶
䋱䋵䌾䋱䋶

⋁ጊ⣕㋕㒻⍹䇭㪥㫆㪅㪇㪉⋁ጊ⣕㋕㒻⍹䇭㪥㫆㪅㪇㪍⋁ጊ⣕㋕㒻⍹䇭㪥㫆㪅㪇㪎⋁ጊ⣕㋕㒻⍹䇭㪥㫆㪅㪈㪎⋁ጊ⣕㋕㒻⍹䇭㪥㫆㪅㪉㪎⋁ጊ⣕㋕㒻⍹䇭㪥㫆㪅㪊㪉

㪈㪌㪈㪎
㪈㪌㪉㪈
㪈㪌㪉㪊
㪈㪌㪈㪍
㪈㪌㪉㪍
㪈㪌㪉㪏

㪈㪐
㪈㪐
㪈㪐
㪈㪐
㪉㪇
㪉㪇

ᵿᐔ⣕㋕೨䇭䇭㩷㪥㫆㪅㪇㪎ᵿᐔ⣕㋕೨䇭䇭㩷㪥㫆㪅㪈㪎ᵿᐔ⣕㋕೨䇭䇭㩷㪥㫆㪅㪉㪎

㪈㪋㪐㪍
㪈㪋㪏㪍
㪈㪋㪎㪍

㪈㪏
㪈㪏
㪈㪎

ᵿᐔ⣕㋕㒻⍹㩷㩷㪥㫆㪅㪇㪎ᵿᐔ⣕㋕㒻⍹㩷㩷㪥㫆㪅㪈㪎ᵿᐔ⣕㋕㒻⍹㩷㩷㪥㫆㪅㪉㪎ᵿᐔ⣕㋕㒻⍹㩷㩷㪥㫆㪅㪊㪉

㪈㪌㪈㪉
㪈㪌㪈㪎
㪈㪌㪉㪎
㪈㪌㪉㪏

䋱䋸䌾䋱䋹
㪈㪐

㪉㪇
㪉㪇

ဋ⾰ൻ࡮⣕㋕ಣℂߒߚ⋁ጊ㒻⍹‫ޔ‬ᵿᐔ㒻⍹ࠍ࿑ ߦ␜ߒߚߣ߅ࠅ‫ߢ࡞ࡒࡊࡦ࠲ࠬޔ‬ᓸ☳⎈ᓟ‫ޔ‬᳓☀ߒߡ⺞⵾ߒߚ㒻࿯ߩൻቇᚑಽࠍ⴫  ߦ␜ߔ‫ޕ‬ ⴫  ࠬ࠲ࡦࡊࡒ࡞☳⎈㒻࿯ߩൻቇᚑಽ
⹜ᢱฬ

L.O.I. SiO2 Al2O3 Fe2O3 TiO2 CaO MgO K2O Na2O Total⋁ጊ⣕㋕ᓸ☳⎈㒻࿯

2.86

73.58 17.32

0.55

-

0.04 0.15 3.60 1.84

99.94

ᵿᐔ⣕㋕ᓸ☳⎈㒻࿯

2.89

72.72 17.78

0.41

-

0.00 0.08 4.67 1.37

99.91

․਄㒻࿯㧔ෳ⠨㧕

3.50

74.96 17.13

0.47

-

0.06 0.11 3.46 0.25

99.93




ࠬ࠲ࡦࡊࡒ࡞☳⎈㒻࿯ߩ5K1ಽߪ⴫ߩේᢱ㧔⋁ጊ‫ޔ‬ᵿᐔ⣕㋕㒻⍹㧕ߦᲧߴᢙ㧑ᷫዋߒ‫ޔ‬ㅒߦ#N1ߪ⚂㧞㧑෸߮-1ߪ㨤㧑Ⴧടߒߡ޿ࠆߎߣ߇ಽ߆ࠆ‫ޕ‬5
K1ߪ⍹⧷‫ޔ‬#N1‫ޔ‬-1ߪ࠮࡝ࠨࠗ࠻‫ޔ‬#N1ߪ࠮࡝ࠨ
ࠗ࠻‫࠻ࠗ࠽࡝ࠝࠞޔ‬㋶‛↱᧪ߩൻቇᚑಽߣ⠨߃ࠆߥࠄ‫⎈☳࡞ࡒࡊࡦ࠲ࠬޔ‬㒻࿯ߪ࠮࡝ࠨࠗ࠻‫࠽࡝ࠝࠞޔ‬ࠗ࠻ಽ߇Ⴧടߔࠆߎߣߦߥࠅ‫ޔ‬㒻࿯ߩน႟ᕈߪะ਄
ߔࠆߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆ‫(ޔߚ߹ޕ‬G1ߪෳ⠨ߣߒߡ⸥ߒߚ
․਄㒻࿯ߣห⒟ᐲߢ޽ࠆߩߢ‫ޔ‬὾ᚑ૕ߩ⊕⦡ᐲࠍ៊ߥࠊߥ޿ߣ੍ᗐߐࠆ‫ޕ‬ᰴߦ‫ࠬޔ⎈☳࡞ࡒ࡯࡜࡯ࡠޔ‬࠲ࡦࡊࡒ࡞☳⎈㒻࿯ߩ☸ᐲಽᏓࠍ࿑㧠ߦ␜ߔ‫ޕ‬☸ሶᓘ㧔&R㧕ߣⓍ▚߰ࠆ޿ਅ⾰㊂㧑㧔7㧕ߩਔኻᢙ 

ࠍࡊࡠ࠶࠻ߔࠆߣ࿑ߦ␜ߔߣ߅ࠅ‫⋁ޔ‬ጊ‫ޔ‬ᵿᐔ⣕㋕☳⎈㒻࿯ߩ႐ว‫✢⋥߷߶ޔ‬㑐ଥߦ޽ࠆߎߣ߇ಽ߆ࠆ
‫ޕ‬


ߒߚ‫ޕ‬

     㧠߅ࠊࠅߦ
㧠ၒ⬿㊂ߩᄙ޿ૐἫᐲ㒻⍹ߩဋ⾰ൻߣ㒻࿯ൻࠍⴕ߁

㪉㪅㪌ߚ߼‫ޔ‬ේ⍹ߩ☳⎈‫ޔ‬ಽ⚖‫ޔ‬⣕㋕⹜㛎߅ࠃ߮ࠬ࠲ࡦࡊ
ࡒ࡞‫⎈☳࡞ࡒ࡯࡜࡯ࡠޔ‬ታ㛎ࠍⴕ޿એਅߩ⚿ᨐࠍᓧ㪉㫃㫆㪾㩷㩿㪬㪀ߚ‫ޕ‬㪈㪅㪌 ᯏ᪾ណជߒߚේ⍹ࠍᲑ㓏☳⎈ߣಽ⚖ߢ‫ޔ‬㨪OOߣߒ‫ߦᦝޔ‬Ⴎ㉄⣕㋕ࠍⴕ߁ߣ‫ޔ‬⠴Ἣᐲ߇৻ቯ߆

㪈ߟะ਄㧔5-߇5-㧕ߔࠆߎߣ෸߮㋕ಽߩ㒰䊨䊷䊤䊷䊚䊦☳⎈‛⋁ጊ⣕㋕☳⎈㒻࿯ᵿᐔ⣕㋕☳⎈㒻࿯㪇㪅㪌෰㧔(G1㧑೨ᓟ߇એਅ㧕ߦࠃࠅ‫⦡⊕ޔ‬ᐲߩჇߒߚ㒻⏛ེේᢱߣߥࠆߎߣ߇ಽ߆ߞߚ‫ޕ‬

㪇
㪇

㪇㪅㪌

㪈

㪈㪅㪌

㪉

 ဋ৻ൻߒߚૐἫᐲ㒻⍹ࠍ↪޿ߡࠬ࠲ࡦࡊࡒ࡞

㫃㫆㪾㩷㩿㪛㫇㪀

‫ߢ࡞ࡒ࡯࡜࡯ࡠޔ‬㒻࿯ൻታ㛎ࠍⴕ޿‫ޔ‬ൻቇᚑಽ‫☸ޔ‬ᐲಽᏓࠍ⺞ߴߚ⚿ᨐ‫ߩ࡞ࡒࡊࡦ࠲ࠬޔ‬႐ว‫ޔ‬ේᢱߦᲧߴߡ‫ޔ‬⍹⧷ಽ߇ዋߥߊ߆ߟ☸ᐲಽᏓߩᒻ⁁߆ࠄ⢈࿑  ☳⎈⹜ᢱߩ☸ᐲಽᏓ ਔኻᢙࡊࡠ࠶࠻

೨࿾ၞߢ૶↪ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆᏒ⽼㒻࿯ߦㄭ޿ߎߣ߇ಽ߆

ࡊࡠ࠶࠻ὐߩ⋧㑐ࠍขࠅ⋥✢ߩ௑߈ࠍ᳞߼ࠆߣࠬ

ߞߚ‫৻ޕ‬ᣇ‫ߩ⎈☳࡞ࡒ࡯࡜࡯ࡠޔ‬႐ว‫ޔ‬ᓸ☸ሶ߇ዋ࠲ࡦࡊࡒ࡞☳⎈⋁ጊ⣕㋕㒻࿯㧦‫࡞ࡒࡊࡦ࠲ࠬޔ‬ߥ޿਄‫☸ޔ‬ᐲಽᏓߩᒻ⁁߇Ꮢ⽼㒻࿯ߣ⇣ߥࠆߩߢ‫ޔ‬☳⎈ᵿᐔ⣕㋕㒻࿯㧦ߢ޽ߞߚ‫ޔߡ޿ߟߦߣߎޕ‬ઁߩ☼࿯㋶‛╬ࠍ㈩วߐߖߡ㒻࿯ࠍ⺞⵾ߔࠆᔅⷐ߇

⋁ጊ‫ޔ‬ᵿᐔૐἫᐲ⣕㋕㒻⍹ࠍࠬ࠲ࡦࡊࡒ࡞☳⎈ߔࠆ޽ߞߚ‫੹ޕ‬ᓟߪ‫ߦᦝޔ‬ታ↪ൻߦะߌߡ‫౒ޔ‬ห⎇ⓥᯏߥࠄ‫ޔ‬૒⾐࡮㐳ፒ⋵ߩ㒻⏛ེᬺ⇇ߢ૶↪ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ

㑐ߦဋ৻ൻૐἫᐲ㒻⍹‫ޔ‬㒻࿯ߩឭଏࠍⴕ޿‫⹏ޔ‬ଔࠍ⹦⚦ߦⴕ߁‫ޕ‬ෳ⠨ᢥ₂ᄤ⨲㒻⍹ࠍਥේᢱߣߒߚࠬ࠲ࡦࡊࡒ࡞☳⎈Ꮢ⽼㒻࿯ߩ☸ᐲಽᏓ㧟㧕㧔☸ሶᓘߣⓍ▚߰ࠆ޿ਅ⾰㊂㧑ࠍਔኻᢙࡊࡠ࠶࠻ߔࠆߣ⋥✢㑐ଥߦ޽ࠅ‫ޔ‬௑߈ߪ 㨪㧕ߦ߶߷৻⥌ߒߡ߅ࠅ‫ޔ‬ૐἫᐲ㒻⍹ߩ․ᓽߢ޽ࠆ㐳⍹߇฽߹ࠇߡ޿ߡ߽‫ޔ‬㒻࿯ߣߒߡ૶↪ߔࠆ႐ว‫ޔ‬ 㒯ౝ๺ᒾ ઁ‫ޔ‬
̌㊀ⷐ࿾ၞᛛⴚ⎇ⓥ㐿⊒೙ᐲᚑᨐ᥉෸⻠☸ᐲಽᏓ⊛ߦߪ໧㗴ߥ޿ߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆ‫৻ޕ‬ᣇ‫࡯ࡠޔ‬⠌ળ࠹ࠠࠬ࠻‫ޔ‬ૐຠ૏┇ᬺේᢱߩ᦭ല೑↪ᛛⴚ̍‫ޔ‬Ꮏᬺᛛⴚ㒮 ਻ᎺᎿᬺᛛⴚ⹜㛎ᚲ‫ޔ‬R㧔㧕࡜࡯ࡒ࡞☳⎈‛ߪᓸ☸ሶಽ߇ዋߥ޿਄ߦ‫✢⋥ޔ‬ᕈ߇ࠬ࠲ࡦࡊࡒ࡞☳⎈ߦᲧߴᖡߊߡ௑߈߇ᄢ߈ߊ‫ޔ‬ᒰᬺ ᣣᧄ☼࿯ቇળ✬̍☼࿯ࡂࡦ࠼ࡉ࠶ࠢ̍ᛛႎ㆏ R 

⇇ߢ૶↪ߐࠇࠆ㒻࿯ߩ☸ᐲಽᏓ߇⇣ߥߞߡ޿ࠆ‫ߘޕ‬ߩߚ߼㒻࿯ߩᚑᒻᕈ߿὾ᚑᕈ⁁ߦ໧㗴߇↢ߓࠆߣ⠨ ᳗↰ᱜౖᧄ↰ᖘ♿㓶᫪❥ਯᴡญ⚐৻ᑝᧃ⧷᥍☳૕Ꮏቇળ⹹ 㧕߃ࠄࠇࠆ‫ࠆߔ↪૶ࠍ‛⎈☳࡞ࡒ࡯࡜࡯ࡠޕ‬႐ว‫ޔ‬࿑ߦ␜ߒߚࠃ߁ߦ☼࿯㋶‛ࠍട߃‫ߢ࡞ࡒ࡞࡯ࡏޔ‬Ḩᑼᷙวߐߖߡ⃻⁁ߩ☸ᐲಽᏓ‫ޔ‬㋶‛⚵ᚑߦว⥌ߐߖߚ㈩ว㒻࿯ߣߒߡ೑↪ߔࠆߎߣ߇ᦸ߹ߒ޿‫ޕ‬







ߘߎߢ‫⎇ᧄޔ‬ⓥߢߪ⺞⵾ߒߚࠬ࠲ࡦࡊࡒ࡞☳⎈㒻࿯‫ߦ‛⎈☳࡞ࡒ࡯࡜࡯ࡠޔ‬น႟ᕈ☼࿯㋶‛╬㈩วߒߡ⺞⵾ߒߚ㒻࿯ࠍ౒ห⎇ⓥᯏ㑐ߦឭଏߒ‫⹏ޔ‬ଔଐ㗬

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/CUCPQTK0#)#6# ᓸ⚦᭴ㅧᓸዊㇱຠߩ⵾ㅧᣇᴺߣߒߡ‫࡞ࠤ࠶࠾ޔ‬㔚㍌ߦࠃࠆ⵾ㅧᛛⴚ⏕┙ࠍ⋡ᜰߒߚᚢ⇛ၮ⋚ᛛⴚ㜞ᐲൻᡰេ੐ᬺ ࿖⵬ࠍታᣉߒߚ‫߈ߞ߼࡞ࠤ࠶࠾㉄ࡦࡒࠕࡈ࡞ࠬޕ‬ᶎࠍ૶↪ߒ‫ޔ‬㜞ㅦ߼ߞ߈ߣߒߡߩ⋡ᮡ߼ߞ߈ㅦᐲ‫ޟ‬ǴO*‫߈ߞ߼ࠆߥߣޠ‬᧦ઙࠍ⷗಴ߒߚ‫ޔߚ߹ޕ‬ታၮ᧼ࠍ↪޿࠾࠶ࠤ࡞߼ߞ߈⊹⤑ߩ⤑ෘಽᏓ‫ࠍࠅߘޔ‬ᷫዋߐߖࠆߚ߼ߩᔕജ✭๺೷ᷝട㊂ 㨪
ON. ‫ޔ‬㔚ᵹኒᐲ #FO ‫ࠎߪߊ߆ޔ‬ㅦᐲ‫ޔ‬ၮ᧼ࡎ࡞࠳߳ߩㆤ⭁᧼⸳⟎᧦ઙࠍ⷗಴ߒߚ‫ޕ‬㧝㧚ߪߓ߼ߦߒߚ  㨪  ߩ⎇ⓥᚑᨐࠍਛᔃߦㅀߴࠆ‫ޕ‬⋵ౝߩ߼ߞ߈ᬺ⇇ߦ߅޿ߡߪ‫ޔ‬㔚ሶ࡮⥄േゞㇱຠ╬߳ߩ᳢↪߼ߞ߈ടᎿߪ‫⊒ޔ‬ᵈડᬺ߆ࠄߩනଔಾਅ

㧞㧚ታ㛎ᣇᴺߍ‫ޔ‬ฃᵈ㊂ߩᷫዋ‫ޔ‬หᬺ⠪㑆┹੎߇ỗߒߊߥߞߡ߅

࠾࠶ࠤ࡞߼ߞ߈ታ㛎ࠅ‫ޔ‬㜞ᐲߥ߼ߞ߈ᛛⴚߦࠃࠆ⵾ຠ㐿⊒߇᳞߼ࠄࠇߡ

࠾࠶ࠤ࡞߼ߞ߈ታ㛎ߪએਅߩߣ߅ࠅⴕߥߞߚ‫ޕ‬޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ ߹ߕ‫ޔ‬. ߩࡆ࡯ࠞ࡯ታ㛎ߢߪၮ᧼ߣߒߡ FOߎߩࠃ߁ߥ⁁ᴫਅߦ߅޿ߡ‫ޔ‬㔚ሶㇱຠ߼ߞ߈ડᬺ

㧞㌃᧼ EO㧞㧕ࠍ↪޿‫ޔ‬೨ಣℂᓟ‫☼࡞࠹ࠬࠛ࡝ࡐޔ‬ߢ޽ࠆ⷏ᣣᧄࠛ࡟ࠢ࠻ࡠ࠾ࠢࠬᎿᬺࢃߢߪ࠾࠶ࠤ࡞

⌕࠹࡯ࡊߢ㌃ၮ᧼ਔ㕙ࠍࠪ࡯࡞ߒߚߩߜ‫ޔ‬㕙ߩਛ㔚㍌ᛛⴚࠍ↪޿ࠆࠝࡦ࠺ࡑࡦ࠼ශ೚ᯏ↪ᓸ⚦ㇱຠߩᔃઃㄭࠍ EO OOOO ೸㔌ߒߡ࠾࠶ࠤ࡞߼ߞ߈

⵾ㅧଐ㗬ࠍฃߌߚ‫ޕ‬↪⹜㛎ߣߒߚ‫ޕ‬ኻᭂߦ㔚⸃࠾࠶ࠤ࡞᧼㧔ࢃጊᧄ㎀

ߘߎߢ‫⷏ޔ‬ᣣᧄࠛ࡟ࠢ࠻ࡠ࠾ࠢࠬᎿᬺࢃߢߪᚢ⇛㊄⹜㛎ེ㧕‫ޔ‬૞↪ᭂߣߒߡ਄⸥㌃ၮ᧼‫ޔ‬ᮡḰ㔚ᭂ⊛ၮ⋚ᛛⴚ㜞ᐲൻᡰេ੐ᬺߩ⹺ቯ㧔⚻ᷣ↥ᬺ⋭㧕ࠍ

㧔#I#I%N㧕ࠍ㧝. ߼ߞ߈ታ㛎ᮏߦขࠅઃߌ‫ߙࠇߘޔ‬ฃߌࠆߣߣ߽ߦ‫ޔ‬ᒰ࠮ࡦ࠲࡯ߣ౒หߢ‫࡞ࠤ࠶࠾ޔ‬㔚ࠇࡐ࠹ࡦ࡚ࠪࠬ࠲࠶࠻㧔ർ᢯㔚Ꮏࢃ␠⵾㔚᳇ൻቇࠪ㍌ᛛⴚࠍਛᔃߣߒߚᓸ⚦߼ߞ߈ᛛⴚ㐿⊒ߦ㑐ߔࠆឭࠬ࠹ࡓ *< ဳ㧕ߦ⚿✢ߒߚ‫ޕ‬᩺ࠍⴕߞߚ⚿ᨐ‫ᧄޔ‬੐ᬺ߳ߩណᛯࠍฃߌߚߩߢ‫ޔ‬ᐔ৻ᣇ‫ޔ‬ታၮ᧼ࠍ↪޿ࠆ࠾࠶ࠤ࡞㔚㍌ㄟߺታ㛎ߩ႐ᚑ  ᐕᐲߩ  ᐕ㑆౒ห⎇ⓥࠍታᣉߒߚ‫ޕ‬ᒰ࠮ࡦว㧔ታၮ᧼ߩᓸ⚦᭴ㅧ૕ߪ⷏ᣣᧄࠛ࡟ࠢ࠻ࡠ࠾ࠢࠬ

࠲࡯ߩಽᜂ⺖㗴ߪ  㨪  ߣߒߚ‫ޕ‬Ꮏᬺ ᩣ ߢ 0*%N ᶧߦ 0*%N ᶧߦ ͠ਅ‫⑽ ޔ‬ᶐ 0K ߼ߞ߈ߩ㜞ㅦൻ㧔⋡ᮡ㧦ǴO*㧕ߖ߈ߒߡ⴫㕙㉄ൻ‛ࠍ㒰෰ߒ᳓ᵞ࡮ੇ῎ߐߖߚᓟ‫ޔ‬ Ⓧጀ߼ߞ߈ᔕജߩ೙ᓮ    

575 ⵾ࡎ࡞࠳࡯ߦ⸳ቯߒ߼ߞ߈ㇱಽࠍ⛘✼࠹࡯ࡊߢ ⤑ෘߩဋ⾰ൻࠪ࡯࡞ߒߚ‫᦭ޕ‬ല߼ߞ߈㕙Ⓧߪ࿑㧝ߩၮ⋚ߢ㐳ዤ Z

ߥ߅‫࡞ࠤ࠶࠾ޔ‬㔚㍌ࠍⴕ߁႐ว‫ޔ‬೨Ꮏ⒟ߣߒߡ‫ޔ‬⍴ዤ߇ ZOO㧔EO㧕ၞౝߣߒߚ‫ޔ߅ߥޕ‬ࡈࠜ࠻࡝࠰ࠣ࡜ࡈࠖߦࠃࠅ‫ޔ‬ၮ᧼਄㧔ࠪ࡝ࠦࡦၮ᧼

ၮ⋚ߣࡎ࡞࠳࡯ߩ㑆ߩዉㅢࠍߣࠆߚ߼‫ޔ‬ၮ⋚๟࿐ߦߦᓸ⚦᭴ㅧ૕ࠍᒻᚑߐߖࠆᔅⷐ߇޽ࠆ‫࠰࡝ࠜࡈޕ‬ᛛ㌃࠹࡯ࡊ㧔૑෹ࠬ࡝࡯ࠛࡓ㧔ᩣ㧕⵾㔚᳇࠹࡯ࡊ 0Qⴚߪ‫ޔ‬㑐ଥଐ㗬ડᬺ߆ࠄ⷏ᣣᧄࠛ࡟ࠢ࠻ࡠ࠾ࠢࠬࢃ

㧕ࠍ⾍ࠅઃߌ‫߈ߞ߼ߡߔޔ‬ㇱಽࠍ⚂ OO ߣߒ߇⋥ធᜰዉࠍฃߌߚ‫ᧄޕ‬ႎ๔ߢߪᒰ࠮ࡦ࠲࡯ߢታᣉ

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5K ၮ ᧼ 㧔 㨠 㧩 r 㧕㧟㧚ታ㛎⚿ᨐߣ⠨ኤ㩷ᦨዊ߼ߞ߈㗔ၞ㩷 㜞ㅦ߼ߞ߈ታ㛎⚿ᨐ    r    r

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 ᧄ੐ᬺߢߪ࠾࠶ࠤ࡞߼ߞ߈ㅦᐲࠍน⢻ߥ߆߉ࠅ㜞ߊߒ‫ޔ‬ဋ৻ߢ߼ߞ߈⊹⤑ߦ⊒↢ߔࠆᔕജࠍ✭๺ߐߖ‫ޔ‬㩷ߘࠅߩዋߥ޿ᓸ⚦᭴ㅧᓸዊㇱຠ⵾ㅧᛛⴚߩ⏕┙ࠍ⋡    㩷ᜰߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޔߕ߹ޔߢߎߘޕ‬㜞ㅦ߼ߞ߈ࠍⴕ߁ߚ߼

㩷ㅢ㔚น⢻ߥ㔚ᵹኒᐲߩ㒢⇇ࠍ⺞ߴߚ‫ޕ‬㩷⴫ߩ߼ߞ߈⚵ᚑߢ‫ޔ‬㌃ 㧔EO㧕ߦ͠ਅ‫ޔ‬㔚㔚ᭂ㗔ၞ㧔0K࡯526

㩷ᵹኒᐲࠍᄌൻߐߖߥ߇ࠄ߼ߞ߈ࠍⴕ޿‫ੌ⚳߈ߞ߼ޔ‬࿑㧝 ታၮ᧼ߩᄖⷰ‫ޔ‬ኸᴺ㩷ᓟ‫⴫ޔ‬㕙⁁ᘒࠍⷰኤߒߚ⚿ᨐ‫ޔ‬#FO߹ߢ߼ߞ߈⴫





㕙ߪ⦟ᅢߢ޽ߞߚ‫ޔߒ߆ߒޕ‬#FOࠃࠅ㔚ᵹኒᐲ߇߼ߞ߈ߦߪࠬ࡞ࡈࠕࡒࡦ㉄࠾࠶ࠤ࡞߼ߞ߈ᶧࠍ↪

㜞ߊߥࠆߣ߼ߞ߈⴫㕙ߦࡁࠫࡘ࡯࡞߿ࡇ࠶࠻ߩ⊒↢޿ࠆߎߣߣߒ‫⚵ޔ‬ᚑߪၮᧄ⊛ߦ⴫  ߦ␜ߔߣ߅ࠅߣ

߇ᄙߊߥࠅ‫ߦ․ޔ‬#FOએ਄ߢߪ‫ޔ‬ታ㛎ਛࡐ࠹ࡦࠪ

ߒߚ‫ ޕ‬࡚ࠬ࠲࠶࠻ߩ㔚Ḯ߇⪭ߜߚࠅ‫⴫߈ߞ߼ޔ‬㕙߇☻ߊ‫ޔ‬     ⴫ ၮᧄ⊛߼ߞ߈ᶧ⚵ᚑ䉴 䊦 䊐䉝䊚䊮 ㉄ 䊆 䉾䉬 䊦 㩿㪾㪆㪣㪀Ⴎ ൻ 䊆 䉾䉬 䊦 㩿㪾㪆㪣㪀䈾 䈉㉄ 㩿㪾㪆㪣㪀䊏 䉾䊃䊧䉴 ೷ 㩿㫄㪣㪆㪣㪀ᔕ ജ ✭ ๺ ೷㩿㫄㪣㪆㪣㪀䌰㪟ࡃ࡝߇⇣Ᏹᚑ㐳ߔࠆ߶߆‫↢߇‛⁁⦡✛ޔ‬ᚑߒߚ‫ޕ‬ශടߔࠆ㔚ᵹኒᐲߩ㒢⇇ߣߒߡߪ#FO ߢ޽ࠆߎߣ

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߇ಽ߆ߞߚ‫ޕ‬ᰴߦ‫ޔ‬㜞ㅦ߼ߞ߈ߣߒߡߩ⋡ᮡ߼ߞ߈ㅦᐲ‫ޟ‬Ǵ㩷 O*‫ޔ߼ߚࠆߔࠕ࡝ࠢࠍޠ‬㔚ᵹኒᐲߣ࠾࠶ࠤ࡞⤑ෘߩ㑐ଥࠍ⺞ߴߚ⚿ᨐࠍ࿑  ߦ␜ߔ‫ޕ‬߼ߞ߈⊹⤑ߩಽᨆᴺ ߼ߞ߈ᶧߩਥᚑಽߢ޽ࠆࠬ࡞ࡈࠕࡒࡦ㉄࠾࠶ࠤ࡞‫ޔ‬⋡ᮡߣߔࠆ߼ߞ߈ㅦᐲ㧔ǴO*㧕߇ᓧࠄࠇࠆ㔚ᵹኒႮൻ࠾࠶ࠤ࡞‫㉄߁߶ޔ‬ỚᐲߪṢቯᴺߢಽᨆ㧔ಽᨆ⹜ᐲߪᤨ㑆㧦#FO‫ᤨޔ‬㑆㧦#FO‫ᤨޔ‬㑆㧦#⮎ߪࢃጊᧄ㎀㊄⹜㛎ེ⵾ߩ⺞ᢛಽᨆ⹜⮎ࠍߘߩ߹߹

FOߣߥࠅ‫ޔ‬㔚ᵹኒᐲࠍ㧣㨪#FOߣߔࠆߥࠄ‫ޔ‬૶↪㧕ߒߚ‫ޕ‬ǴO*߇㆐ᚑߢ߈ࠆߎߣࠍ␜ߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ ߼ߞ߈⊹⤑ߩ⚿᥏᭴ㅧߪ : ✢࿁᛬ᴺߢ⺞ߴߚ‫ޕ‬:㩷✢࿁᛬ⵝ⟎ߪࢃ࡝ࠟࠢ⵾ 4+06 ဳࠍ૶↪ߒ‫ޔ‬: ✢㩷಴ജ -8O#‫ޔ‬ǰǰᴺߢ 0K  0K  㕙ߩ࿁㩷᛬ⷺᐲ࡮ᒝᐲࠍ᷹ቯߒߚ‫⤑࡞ࠤ࠶࠾ޔߚ߹ޕ‬ෘಽᏓ㩷ߣ߼ߞ߈⴫㕙ߩ‫ޠࠅߘޟ‬᷹ቯߦߪ‫⵾␠࡛࠻࠷ࡒޔ‬㩷&+)+/#6+%+0&%#614 ࠍ૶↪ߒߚ‫߈ߞ߼ޔߜࠊߥߔޕ‬㩷ߐࠇߡ޿ߥ޿ၮ᧼๟ㄝߩ࠾࠶ࠤ࡞ࠪ࡯࠼ㇱಽࠍၮḰ㩷㧔ǴO㧕ߣߒ‫ޔ‬࿑  ߩၮ᧼ᮮᣇะ㧦Ԙ㨪ԩ‫ߡߚޔ‬ᣇ࿑㔚ᵹኒᐲߣᚲቯᤨ㑆߼ߞ߈ᓟߩ⤑ෘߣߩ㑐ଥะ㧦OO 㑆㓒ߩ⋥✢ߣߩ੤ὐ㧔ో  ὐ㧕ߩ⤑ෘࠍ⏥ߦๆᒁኒ⌕ߐߖߚᓟ‫ޔ‬ၮ᧼ⵣ㕙ߩߚߡ‫ޔ‬ᮮฦ  ᣇ߼ߞ߈⊹⤑ߩᔕജ೙ᓮ
࠾࠶ࠤ࡞ߣၮ᧼⚛᧚㑆ߢ⚿᥏ߩᩰሶቯᢙ߇⇣ߥࠆะߦ⸅㊎ࠍ⿛ᩏߐߖߡᦨᄢ࡮ᦨዊ r:ǴO ୯ࠍ⺒ߺ႐ว‫ޔ‬Ⓧጀࡒࠬࡑ࠶࠴߇߅ߎࠅ⚿ᨐߣߒߡ⇇㕙ߦᔕขࠅ‫ࠅߘޔ‬୯ߣߒߚ㧔⿛ᩏ㐿ᆎߩၮ᧼Ꮐ‫ޔ‬਄┵ࠍၮജ߇↢ߓࠆ‫ߣ࡞ࠤ࠶࠾ޕ‬㌃‫ߩࡦࠦ࡝ࠪޔ‬႐ว‫࠶࠾ޔ‬᷹ቯߒߚ‫⴫ߚ߹ޕ‬㕙ߩ‫߈ߞ߼ߪޠࠅߘޟ‬㕙ࠍ᷹ቯᏱ

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㰱㪻㩿㪻㩿㪉㪇㪇㪀䍎㪈㪅㪎㪍㪉㪀䇭㷬

㩷

d

d

㩷
㩷

࿶❗ᔕജ㰱䌤䋾0࿶❗ᔕᒁᒛᔕജ㰱䌤䋼0ᒁᒛᔕ ࿑  ࠾࠶ࠤ࡞⚿᥏ᩰሶ㑆ߦ௛ߊᔕജࡕ࠺࡞

㪇
㪇

㪉

㪊

㪋

㪌

㪍

㪄㪇㪅㪇㪇㪌

㪄㪇㪅㪇㪈ߘߎߢ‫ޔ‬ᔕജ✭๺೷ߩᷝടലᨐࠍ⺞ߴࠆߚ߼‫⴫ޔ‬

㪈

㪋㪇㷄
㪋㪌㷄
㪌㪌㷄

㪄㪇㪅㪇㪈㪌 ߩᔕജ✭๺೷ᷝട㊂ࠍᄌൻߐߖߚ࠾࠶ࠤ࡞߼ߞ߈

ᔕജ✭๺೷㩿㫄㫃㪆㫃㪀ᶧࠍ⺞ᢛߒ‫ޔ‬㔚ᵹኒᐲࠍ #FO㧔O#㧕ߣ৻ቯߦߒߡቯ㔚ᵹ㔚⸃ࠍⴕߞߚ‫ޕ‬ᓧࠄࠇߚ࠾࠶ࠤ࡞߼ߞ߈࿑ ฦ࠾࠶ࠤ࡞߼ߞ߈᷷ᐲߦ߅ߌࠆ 0K  㕙㑆⊹⤑ߩ : ✢࿁᛬ࡄ࠲࡯ࡦࠍ࿑  ߦ␜ߔ‫ޕ‬: ✢࿁᛬ࡄ㓒ߩᄌൻ Ǎ㨐 ߦ෸߷ߔᔕജ✭๺೷ߩᷝട

࠲࡯ࡦ߆ࠄ‫  ߪ⤑⊹߈ߞ߼ޔ‬㨮  㨮  㕙෻኿ലᨐߩᒝ޿ᄙ⚿᥏ߦߥߞߡ޿ࠆߎߣ߇ಽ߆ࠆ‫ޕ‬,%2&5 ࠞ࡯࠼ߦࠃࠆߣ࠾࠶ࠤ࡞ߩ႐ว‫ޔ‬: ✢࿁᛬ᒝᐲߪ ࿑  ߆ࠄᔕജ✭๺೷ᷝട㊂߇Ⴧ߃ࠆߦߒߚ߇ߞߡ

㕙߇ᦨ߽ᒝߊ‫  ߢ޿ߟޔ‬㕙ߣߥߞߡ޿ࠆ‫ߒ߆ߒޕ‬Ǎ㨐୯ߪ㧗ᣇะߦࠪࡈ࠻ߒߡ߅ࠅ‫ޔ‬ᒁߞᒛࠅᔕജߦ

ᧄታ㛎᧦ઙਅߢߪ߻ߒࠈ  㕙ߩᚑ㐳ߒߚ⚿᥏㕙ኻߒ࿶❗ജ߇ടࠊߞߡⴕߊ᭽ሶ߇ಽ߆ࠆ‫ޔߚ߹ޕ‬ᔕ߇ᓧࠄࠇࠆߎߣ߇ಽ߆ߞߚ‫ޕ‬ജ߇↢ߓߕǍ㨐୯߇  ߣߥࠆߚ߼ߩᔕജ✭๺೷ᷝട㊂ߪ߼ߞ߈ᶧ᷷ᐲ߇㜞ߊߥࠆߦߒߚ߇ߞߡᷫዋߔࠆ

㪈㪋㪇㪇㪇௑ะߦ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ᒁߞᒛࠅᔕജ߇࠾࠶ࠤ࡞⊹⤑ߦ௛ߊߣ‫ޔ‬

䋨䋲䋰䋰䋩
䋰䋰䋩

㪈㪉㪇㪇㪇

ߘࠅߩේ࿃ߦߥࠆ‫ޕ‬ㅒߦ࿶❗ᔕജ߇߆߆ࠅߔ߉ࠆߣ㪯 ✢࿁᛬ᒝᐲ䋨㪚㪧㪪㪀㪈㪇㪇㪇㪇࠾࠶ࠤ࡞⊹⤑ߩ⎬ᐲ߇ᄢ߈ߊߥߞߚࠅ‫ࡦࠦ࡝ࠪޔ‬ၮ

䋨䋱䋱䋱䋩
䋱䋱䋩

㪏㪇㪇㪇
㪍㪇㪇㪇

䋨䋳䋱䋱䋩
䋨䋳
䋱䋱䋩

㪋㪇㪇㪇
㪉㪇㪇㪇
㪇
㪋㪇

㪌㪇

㪍㪇

㪎㪇
㪉ǉ

㪏㪇

㪐㪇

ᔕജ✭๺
೷ᷝട㊂

᧼߇ಲ⁁ߦߘࠅ‫ߦࠣࡦ࡝࠼ࡦࡂߩ╬⏴⎇ޔ‬໧㗴߇↢㪌㪅㪌㫄㫃㪆㫃

ߓࠆߎߣ߇⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬࿑  ࠃࠅ‫ޔ‬0K  ᩰሶ㕙㑆㪋㪅㪌㫄㫃㪆㫃
㪅㪊㪅㪌㫄㫃㪆㫃
㪉㪅㪌㫄㫃㪆㫃
㪇㫄㫃㪆㫃㪈㪇㪇㓒ߩᄌൻ߇ߥߊߥࠆᦨㆡᔕജ✭๺೷ᷝട㊂ߪ 㨪ON. ߣ޿߃ࠆ‫ޕ‬ᰴߦ‫ޔ‬ᔕജ✭๺೷ߩᷝട㊂ߦࠃࠆ‫ޔ‬߼ߞ߈⊹⤑⴫㕙ߩᓸ᭴ㅧࠍ⿛ᩏဳ㔚ሶ㗼ᓸ㏜ߢⷰኤ
ߒߚ‫⚿ߩߘޕ‬ᨐࠍ࿑  ߦ␜ߔ‫ޕ‬ᔕജ✭๺೷ࠍട߃ߥ࿑  ࠾࠶ࠤ࡞߼ߞ߈⊹⤑ߩ : ✢࿁᛬ࡄ࠲࡯ࡦ޿႐ว ࿑  ਛ  ‫⴫߈ߞ߼ޔ‬㕙ߩಳಲߪᄢ߈޿߇‫ޔ‬ᰴߦ‫ޔ‬:✢࿁᛬ࡄ࠲࡯ࡦ߆ࠄ‫ᦨޔ‬ᄢᒝᐲࠍ␜ߔ

ᔕജ✭๺೷ࠍട߃ࠆߣ⴫㕙ߩಳಲߪᷫዋߒ‫⚿ޔ‬᥏ߪ 㕙ߩࡇ࡯ࠢ૏⟎㧔㧞ǰ㧕ࠍ⺞ߴ‫ࠣ࠶࡜ࡉߦᦝޔ‬ዊߐߊߥࠅ‫ ߦ․ޔ‬ON.㧔࿑  ਛ 㧕ߩ႐ว‫⚿ޔ‬᥏ߩ౏ᑼ 㨐UKPǰ㨚ǳ ߦᒰߡߪ߼ߡ F  ୯ࠍ᳞߇ᓸ⚦ൻߒߡ޿ࠆ᭽ሶ߇ಽ߆ࠆ‫ޔߡ޿ߟߦߣߎߩߎޕ‬߼‫ޔ‬,%2&5 ࠞ࡯࠼߆ࠄၮḰ࠾࠶ࠤ࡞⚿᥏ᩰሶ㕙㑆㓒৻⥸⊛ߦᔕജ✭๺೷ߣߒߡ  ࠽ࡈ࠲࡟ࡦ࡮ࠫࠬ࡞ߩ㨐  ୯ࠍ Έߣߒ‫ ߩߘޔ‬ᏅǍ㨐㧔㨐 ࡈࠝࡦ㉄࠽࠻࡝࠙ࡓ‫߇╬ࡦ࡝ࠞ࠶ࠨޔ‬ṁᶧߣߒߡ࠾

㧙㧕ࠍ⸘▚ߒߚ‫ޕ‬࠶ࠤ࡞߼ߞ߈ᶧߦᷝടߐࠇߡ߅ࠅ‫᦭ޔ‬ᯏ‛߇࠾࠶ࠤǍ㨐୯߇⽶ߩ႐ว‫ޔ‬࿑  ߦ␜ߒߚࠃ߁ߦ࠾࠶ࠤ࡞

࡞⊹⤑ߦขࠅㄟ߹ࠇࠆߎߣߦࠃࠅ࠾࠶ࠤ࡞⚿᥏ߩ⇣߼ߞ߈⊹⤑ߦߪᒁߞᒛࠅᔕജ‫৻ޔ‬ᣇǍ㨐߇ᱜߢߪ‫ޔ‬Ᏹᚑ㐳ᛥ೙ലᨐߣߒߡ૞↪ߔࠆ  ߣ⸒ࠊࠇߡ޿ࠆߩ

 

ߢ‫ޔ‬ᔕജ✭๺೷ߩᷝടߦࠃߞߡ߼ߞ߈⴫㕙߇ᐔမൻ႐ว‫ߩᤨੌ⚳߈ߞ߼ޔ‬㔚૏ߪ߶߷৻⥌ߒߡ޿ࠆ‫߆ߒޕ‬ߒ ‫⚿ ߟ ߆ ޔ‬᥏ ߇ ᓸ ⚦ ൻߒ ߚ ߚ ߼ ߣ⠨ ߃ ࠄ ࠇ ࠆ‫ޕ‬ߒ‫߈ߞ߼ߪߢ͠ޔ‬㐿ᆎᓟ  ಽ㧔5㧕એ㒠‫ޔ‬㔚૏ߪ߶߷৻ቯߣߥࠆ߇‫ߦ͠ ߪᤨੌ⚳߈ߞ߼ޔ‬Ყߴ
O8 એ਄ࡑࠗ࠽ࠬߣߥߞߡ޿ࠆ‫ޔߡ޿ߟߦߣߎߩߎޕ‬͠ߦߥࠆߣࡃ࡝㊂߇ᄙߊߥߞߚߩߢ‫ࠆࠁࠊ޿ޔ‬᮸ᨑ⁁࠾࠶ࠤ࡞ߩᨆ಴ߦࠃߞߡ㔚૏߇ࠃࠅࡑࠗ࠽ࠬ஥ߦߥ

㪌㪅㪌

㪇㫄㪣
㫄㪣

㪌

㪌㪅㪌㫄㪣
㪌

ߞߚߩ߆‫ޔ‬ේ࿃ߪਇ᣿ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬

㪉㪅㪌

㪌

㪋
㪈

㪊

㪉

㪈

㪉

㪉㪅㪌㫄㪣
㫄㪣

㪊

㪊㪅㪌㫄㪣
㫄㪣

㪋

㪋㪅㪌㫄㪣
㫄㪣

㩷
 ࿑ ߼ߞ߈⊹⤑ߩᓸ᭴ㅧ                      ታၮ᧼ߢߩ࠾࠶ࠤ࡞㔚㍌ታ㛎⚿ᨐ⴫  ߩ߼ߞ߈ᶧߣታၮ᧼ࠍ↪޿ߡ‫ޔ‬㔚ᵹኒᐲߣ߼ߞ
߈ᶧ᷷ᐲ߇෸߷ߔ߼ߞ߈ㅦᐲ߳ߩᓇ㗀ࠍ⺞ߴߚ⚿ᨐ‫ޔ‬

㧦50͠

㌃ၮ᧼ߢߩታ㛎ห᭽‫߈ߞ߼ޔ‬ㅦᐲߩ᷷ᐲߦࠃࠆᓇ㗀ߪ

㧦45͠

㧦40͠

㩷
࿑  ࠾࠶ࠤ࡞߼ߞ߈ᤨ‫ޔ‬ၮ᧼⴫㕙ㄭற㧔ਛᔃઃዊߐߊ㔚ᵹኒᐲ 㨮#FO ߢߪߘࠇߙࠇ‫ޔޔ‬ǴO*ߣߥߞߚ‫ޔߚ߹ޕ‬㔚ᵹኒᐲߣ࠾࠶ࠤ࡞߼ߞ߈ㅦᐲߪ߶ㄭߩ  ὐ㧕ߩ㔚૏ᄌൻ߷⋥✢㑐ଥߦ޽ࠅ‫ޔ‬#FO ߢߪ⋡ᮡߣߔࠆ㧝ᤨ㑆ᒰߚᰴߦ‫⤑ߩ⤑⊹߈ߞ߼࡞ࠤ࠶࠾ޔ‬ෘಽᏓࠍ⺞ߴࠆߚࠅߩ࠾࠶ࠤ࡞߼ߞ߈ㅦᐲ‫ޟ‬ǴO‫ޠ‬એ਄߇ᓧࠄࠇߚ‫ߒޕ‬߼‫ޔ‬࿑  ࠃࠅ㔚૏ߩ⚻ᤨᄌൻ߇ዋߥ߆ߞߚ ͠ߢ‫ޔ‬߆ߒ‫ޔ‬㔚ᵹኒᐲ߇ᄢ߈ߊߥࠆߣ‫߈ߞ߼ޔ‬๟ㄝߩࡃ࡝߇

㔚ᵹኒᐲ㧡#FO‫߈ߞ߼ޔ‬ᶧ㧞.‫ޔ‬૞↪ᭂ㧔ࠪ࡝ࠦࡦᄙߊߥߞߚ‫߇߈ߞ߼ޕ‬ဋ৻ߦⴕࠊࠇߡ޿ࠆ߆ࠍ⹏ଔߔ

ၮ᧼㧕ߣኻᭂ㧔⚐࠾࠶ࠤ࡞᧼ EO㧕ߩᭂ㑆ࠆᚻᲑߣߒߡၮ᧼⴫㕙ㄭறߦ߆߆ࠆ㔚૏ᄌൻࠍ⺞ߴࠆ〒㔌ࠍ EO ߣߒߡ  ᤨ㑆㔚⸃ࠍⴕߥߞߚ‫߈ߞ߼ޕ‬ߎߣ߇᦭ലߢ޽ࠆߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆߩߢ‫߈ߞ߼ޔ‬ㅦᐲ߇⋡㕙ࠍ਄ਛਅߩ  ඙↹ߦ╬ಽߒ‫ޔ‬ฦ඙ಽߩਛᔃ⤑ෘࠍᮡ୯ࠍ㆐ᚑߢ߈ߚ㔚ᵹኒᐲ #FO ߦߟ޿ߡ‫ᤨ߈ߞ߼ޔ‬᷹ቯߒߚ⚿ᨐࠍ࿑  ߦ␜ߔ‫ ޕ‬ၮ᧼⴫㕙ߦ߆߆ࠆ㔚૏ߩ⚻ᤨᄌൻࠍ⺞ߴࠆߚ߼‫ߞ߼ޔ‬㪥㫀㩿㱘㫄㪀
㪉㪌㪇߈ᮏߩ࡞ࠡࡦ⩲ࠍၮ᧼ਛᄩઃㄭߦ࿕ቯߒߡ߼ߞ߈ࠍⴕ

㪉㪇㪇
㪈㪌㪇

ߞߚ‫ޕ‬ฦ߼ߞ߈᷷ᐲߦ߅ߌࠆၮ᧼⴫㕙㔚૏ߩ⚻ᤨᄌൻ㪈㪇㪇㪌㪇ࠍ࿑  ߦ␜ߔ‫ޕ‬㪇߼ߞ߈㐿ᆎᓟ  ಽએౝߢߪ޿ߕࠇߩ߼ߞ߈᷷ᐲߢ

㪈

㪉

㪊

㪋

㪌

᷹ቯ૏⟎䋨㪥㫆㪅㪀߽㔚૏ߩᄌൻߪᄢ߈ߊ‫ޔ‬#I#I%N ᮡḰ㔚ᭂߦኻߒߡᢙ

㪍

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㪪㪈
㪐

㪥㫆㪅
⤑ෘ㩿㱘㫄䋩
㪈
㪉㪇㪇
㪉
㪈㪐㪐
㪊
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㪋
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㪍
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㪎
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㪏
㪈㪎㪊
㪐
㪈㪍㪎
ᐔဋ୯㪯䋨㱘㫄䋩 㪈㪏㪍㪅㪉㪉㪉㪉㪉㪉ᦨᄢ୯䋨㱘㫄䋩
㪉㪇㪊ᦨዊ୯䋨㱘㫄䋩
㪈㪍㪎ᮡḰ஍Ꮕ㱟䋨㱘㫄䋩㪈㪉㪅㪊㱟㪆㪯䋨䋦䋩㪍㪅㪍㩷࿑ ࠾࠶ࠤ࡞߼ߞ߈⤑ෘಽᏓߣ⛔⸘ಣℂ⚿ᨐO8න૏ߢࡑࠗ࠽ࠬ߆ࠄࡊ࡜ࠬ஥ߦᄌൻߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ߎߩߎߣߦߟ޿ߡ‫࡞ࠤ࠶࠾ޔ‬ᨆ಴ೋᦼᲑ㓏ߢ࠾࠶ࠤ࡞ ࠪ࡯࠼⴫㕙߳ߩ࠾࠶ࠤ࡞ࠗࠝࡦߩ⒖േ㧔ශടߐࠇߚ㔚࿑  ߆ࠄ᣿ࠄ߆ߥߣ߅ࠅ‫⤑ޔ‬ෘߪ rǴO‫ޔ‬ǻ૏ߣ࠾࠶ࠤ࡞ࠗࠝࡦߩỚᐲᏅࠍ㚟േḮߣߔࠆ㔚᳇ੑ㊀

: ߪ ߣߥࠅ‫⎇ᧄޔ‬ⓥߩ⋡ᮡ୯㧔ǻ:r㧑㧕ߦጀౝߩ࠾࠶ࠤ࡞ࠗࠝࡦߩ⴫㕙᜛ᢔ㧕ߣ㔚ሶ᝼ฃߦࠃࠆ

ߪ㆐ߒߥ߆ߞߚ‫ޔߢߎߘޕ‬㔚ᨆᯏ᭴ࠍ⠨߃ࠆߚ߼‫ޔ‬࠾࠶ࠤ࡞ᓸ☸ሶᩭᒻᚑߦᄢ߈ߥ㔚᳇ࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯ࠍᔅⷐ

૞↪ᭂ㧔ታၮ᧼㧕⴫㕙ߩ㔚૏࡮㔚ᵹኒᐲߦߟ޿ߡᬌ

ߣߔࠆ߇‫ޔ‬ᚲቯߩ࠾࠶ࠤ࡞⤑ෘ߇ᓧࠄࠇࠆߣߘߩᓟߩ

⸛ߒߚ‫ޕ‬߼ߞ߈ߪኈᤃߦㅴⴕߔࠆߚ߼ߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆ‫ߩ͠ޕ‬㔚ᭂ⴫㕙߇╬㔚૏ߢ㔚ᭂ෻ᔕߦࠃࠆಽᭂ߇ሽ࿷ߒ





ߥ޿႐วߩ㔚૏࡮㔚ᵹಽᏓߦߟ޿ߡߪ㔚⏛᳇ቇߢ⹦ߩ႐ว‫ޔ‬㔚ᭂ᏷ߣᭂ㑆Ყߪ   ߣ‫ઁޔ‬㧞⚦ߦ⎇ⓥߐࠇߡ߅ࠅ‫ޔ‬㔚⸃ᮏౝߩ㔚႐ߩᒻ⁁ߪ㔚ᭂ‫ޔ‬ὐ㧔ᭂ㑆 EO㧦㧘EO㧦㧕ߦᲧߴᄢ߈ߊ‫ޔ‬   㔚⸃ᮏߩᒻ⁁࡮㈩⟎ߩߺߢ᳿߹ࠅ‫ޔ‬ᐔⴕᐔ᧼㔚ᭂࠍ⴫  ᭂ㑆ࠍᄌൻߐߖߚߣ߈ߩ⤑ෘಽᏓਛᔃߣߒߚ㔚૏ಽᏓᦛ✢ߣߘࠇߦ⋥੤ߔࠆ㔚ᵹಽᏓᦛ✢ߪ㔚ᭂઃㄭ߇ኒߢ‫ߚ߹ޔ‬ᐔⴕᐔ᧼㔚ᭂߩ৻ᰴ㔚⹜ ᢱ ฬ㪚 㪧㪈㪈㪉㪇㪇㪈 㪚 㪧㪈㪈㪈㪐㪇㪈 㪚 㪧㪈㪈㪈㪌㪇㪈ᭂ 㑆 〒 㔌 䋨䌣䌭 䋩
㪉 㪅㪋
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ᐔ ဋ ୯ 㩿㱘 㫄 䋩㪈㪋㪎㪈 㪇 㪉 㪅㪏 㪏 㪏 㪐㪈㪈㪊ᦨ ᄢ ୯ 㩿㱘 㫄 䋩
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ᦨ ዊ ୯ 㩿㱘 㫄 䋩
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㪏㪈
㪏㪐
ᮡ Ḱ ஍ Ꮕ 㩿㱘 㫄 䋩㪍 㪅㪍㪐 㪅㪇 㪍㪉 㪊 㪅㪌 㪏ᄌ േ ଥ ᢙ 䋨䋦 䋩㪋 㪅㪋 㪍㪏 㪅㪏㪉 㪇 㪅㪏 㪎ᵹಽᏓߪ૞↪ᭂ㧔ࠪ࡝ࠦࡦၮ᧼ߩ⍴ዤᣇะߩ㐳ߐ㧕ߣኻᭂ㧔࠾࠶ࠤ࡞᧼㧕ߣߩ〒㔌ߦࠃߞߡᄌൻߔࠆߣ
⠨߃ߡࠃߊ㧞㧕‫ޔ‬૞↪ᭂ᏷ߦᲧߴߡᭂ㑆〒㔌߇ᄢ߈ߊߥࠆߣ৻ᰴ㔚ᵹಽᏓߪᄢ߈ߊᄌൻߒ‫ޔ‬૞↪ᭂߩਛᄩઃㄭߢߪ㔚ᵹኒᐲߪዊߐߊ‫৻ޔ‬ᣇ‫┵ᧃޔ‬ઃㄭߢߪ㔚ᄌ േ ଥ ᢙ 䋺 ᮡ Ḱ ஍ Ꮕ 䋨 㱟 㪀㪆 ᐔ ဋ ୯䉄 䈦 䈐 ᧦ ઙ 䋺䋵 㪘 㪆㪻㫄 㪉䇭 䋴 䋵 㷄 䇭 䋲 㪟䉄 䈦 䈐 ᶧ ㊂ 䋲 㪣㩷ᵹಽᏓ߇ᄢ߈ߊ‫ޔ‬㔚૏ಽᏓ߆ࠄ߽૞↪ᭂߩ⢛㕙ߦ߽㔚૏ߩ࿁ࠅㄟߺ߇චಽ⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆ‫ޔߚ߹ޕ‬૞↪ᭂ⴫㕙ߦ⓭⿠‛߇޽ࠆ႐วߦߪ‫⿠⓭ޔ‬ㇱಽߦ㔚૏ߩ㓸ਛ㪎㪍߇߅ߎࠅ‫ޔ‬㔚ᵹኒᐲߩ਄᣹ߦࠃࠅ࠾࠶ࠤ࡞㊄ዻߩ⇣㪌㔚ᵹኒᐲ䋨㪘㪆㪻㫄㪉
䋨㪘㫄㪉㪀Ᏹᨆ಴߇⿠ߎࠆߎߣ߇චಽ⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬೨ㅀߩߣ߅㪋㪊㪉ࠅ‫ࡦࠦ࡝ࠪޔ‬ၮ᧼਄ߢ‫߈ߞ߼ޔ‬ᶧߦធ⸅ߔࠆ㌃࠹࡯㪈㪇ࡊ㧔ߔߡ߼ߞ߈ㇱಽ㧕‫ޔ‬ᓸ⚦ടᎿࡄ࠲࡯ࡦ๟ㄝၞߦߪ

㪈

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㪪㪊 䋸 䌣䌭
㪪㪉㪪㪈 䇭䋴 䌣䌭㪐䋲 䋮䋴 䌣䌭

ࡃ࡝ߩ⇣Ᏹ⊒↢߇⹺߼ࠄࠇߚ‫৻ޕ‬ᣇ‫ޔ‬ಳㇱߩ޽ࠆ㔚ᭂઃㄭߢߪ‫╬ޔ‬㔚૏✢ߪ⇹ߢ߼ߞ߈ߐࠇߦߊ޿ߎߣ

㩷࿑ ᭂ㑆ࠍᄌൻߐߖߚᤨߩ㕙ౝ㔚ᵹኒᐲಽᏓ

߇චಽ⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬㔚ᵹಽᏓߩၮᧄ⊛ߥ᷹ቯᴺߣߒ
ߒߚ߇ߞߡ৻ᰴ㔚ᵹኒᐲ߇ࠃࠅᐔဋൻ㧞㧕ߐࠇࠆߩߡߪ‫ޔ‬૞↪ᭂ⴫㕙ߦ⸳ቯߔࠆ࡞ࠡࡦ⚦▤ࠍᚲቯ㑆㓒ߢേ߆ߒ‫ޔ‬ᭂ㑆‫ޔ‬ᭂ㕙ߩ㔚૏ࠍ᷹ቯߒߡਃᰴర⊛ߦߢ⤑ෘ߇ဋ৻ߦߥߞߚߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬㔚૏‫ޔ‬㔚ᵹಽᏓᦛ✢ࠍ߽ߣ߼ࠆߎߣ߇ᔅⷐߛߣ⸒ࠊ ᰴߦ‫ⷙ࡯ࠞ࡯ࡆޔ‬ᮨ . ታ㛎⚿ᨐࠍ߽ߣߦ‫ޔ‬ࠇߡ޿ࠆ㧞㧕‫ޕ‬

. ⷙᮨߩ߼ߞ߈ᶧࠍ⺞ᢛߒߐࠄߦ߆ߊߪࠎ‫ޔ‬ၮ᧼஥ߒ߆ߒ‫⎇ᧄޔ‬ⓥߢ૶↪ߔࠆ࠾࠶ࠤ࡞߼ߞ߈ᶧߪ✛㕙ߦ߅ߌࠆㆤ⭁᧼ߩ⸳⟎ߦࠃࠆ߼ߞ߈⴫㕙ߦ߅ߌࠆ⦡⁁ߢ޽ࠅ‫߈ߞ߼ޔ‬ᮏౝࠍᱜ⏕ߥ૏⟎ߢ᷹ቯߔࠆߎ

㔚ᵹኒᐲಽᏓߩᄌൻࠍ᳞߼‫᧦߈ߞ߼ޔ‬ઙߩᦨㆡൻߦ

ߣ߇ᭂ߼ߡ࿎㔍ߢ޽ߞߚߩߢ‫ࡦࠦ࡝ࠪޔ‬ၮ᧼਄ߦᒻ

ߟ޿ߡ⺞ߴߚ‫ޕ‬ᚑߐࠇߚ࠾࠶ࠤ࡞߼ߞ߈⴫㕙ߩ⤑ෘࠍ᷹ቯߔࠆߎߣ ⴫  ߦᶧᵹᓴⅣߩߺ‫ޔ‬ᶧᵹᓴⅣߣ߆ߊߪࠎ‫ࠄߐޔ‬ߦࠃߞߡ‫࡞ࠤ࠶࠾ޔ‬ኒᐲ‫ᤨ߈ߞ߼ޔ‬㑆╬߆ࠄ‫ޔ‬ฦὐߦ߆ߊߪࠎㅦᐲࠍᄌ߃ߡ߼ߞ߈ࠍⴕ޿‫ޔ‬ၮ᧼⴫㕙ߩߩ㔚ᵹኒᐲߦ឵▚ߒߚ‫ޕ‬⤑ෘಽᏓࠍ⺞ߴߚ⚿ᨐࠍ␜ߔ‫ޕ‬߼ߞ߈ᶧ㊂ .‫ޔ‬㔚ᵹኒᐲ #FO ‫ޔ‬᷷ᐲ ͠‫߼ޔ‬⴫  ࠃࠅᶧᵹᓴⅣߦ߆ߊߪࠎࠍട߃ߚ߶߁߇⤑ෘߞ߈ᤨ㑆  ᤨ㑆ߣ৻ቯߦߒߡ‫ޔ‬ᭂ㑆〒㔌ࠍᄌൻߐߖ

ߩ߫ࠄߟ߈ߪ⧯ᐓዊߐߊߥࠅ‫ࠎߪߊ߆ߦࠄߐޔ‬ㅦᐲߚ႐ว‫ޔ‬૞↪ᭂ㧔ታၮ᧼㧕⴫㕙ߢߩ㔚ᵹኒᐲಽᏓ߇

ࠍ਄ߍࠆߣ߫ࠄߟ߈ߪᷫዋߔࠆ௑ะ߇⹺߼ࠄࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬ߤߩࠃ߁ߥ᜼േࠍ␜ߔ߆ᬌ⸛ߔࠆߚ߼‫ޔ‬ฦὐߢߩ࠾

ߒ߆ߒ‫⤑ޔ‬ෘߩᮡḰ஍Ꮕߪᄢ߈޿ߩߢ♖ᐲߣߒߡߩ

࠶ࠤ࡞⤑ෘࠍ⺞ߴ‫ޔ‬㔚ᵹኒᐲಽᏓߦ឵▚ߒߚ⚿ᨐࠍ⋡ᮡ୯ 㧑 ߦ㆐ߒߡ޿ߥ޿‫ޔࠅࠃߦࠎߪߊ߆ޔ߅ߥޕ‬⴫  ߣ࿑  ߦ␜ߔ‫ޕ‬߼ߞ߈ᶧߩᷝട೷㧔ࡇ࠶࠻࡟ࠬ೷㧕ߦࠃࠆߣᕁࠊࠇ⴫  ࠃࠅ‫ޔ‬ᭂ㑆߇⁜޿߶ߤ⤑ෘߪᄢ߈ߊߥࠅ‫ޔ‬ᮡࠆ᳇ᵃ߇⊒↢ߒ߿ߔߊߥࠆߩߢ‫ޔ‬ᠲ૞ᕈ╬ࠍ⠨ᘦߒḰ஍Ꮕ‫ޔ‬ᄌേଥᢙߣ߽ዊߐߊߥߞߡ޿ࠆߎߣ߇ಽ߆

એ㒠߆ߊߪࠎࠍⴕ߁႐วߪ‫ޔ‬Ყセ⊛᳇ᵃ⊒↢߇ዋߥࠆ‫ޔߚ߹ޕ‬࿑  ߩ㔚ᵹኒᐲಽᏓ߆ࠄ‫ޔ‬ᭂ㑆〒㔌߇ EO߆ߞߚ TRO ߣߒߚ‫ޕ‬ 

ᰴߦ‫ޔ‬㔚ᵹኒᐲߩᓇ㗀ࠍ⺞ߴࠆߚ߼‫ޔ‬#FO ߣ

#FO ߢ  ᤨ㑆߼ߞ߈ࠍⴕߥ޿‫⤑ޔ‬ෘಽᏓࠍ⺞ߴߚ‫ޕ‬  
⴫ 3 ߼ߞ߈⤑ෘಽᏓߦ෸߷ߔᶧᵹᓴⅣ‫ࠎߪߊ߆ޔ‬ലᨐ㩷

㪊㪇㪇
⤑ෘ▸࿐䋨
⤑ෘ
▸࿐䋨㱘㫄
㱘㫄䋩

㪉㪌㪇

ᶧᵹᓴⅣ䈫ᶧᵹᓴⅣ䊶ᡬᜈ䈱Ყセᡬᜈㅦᐲ䈱ലᨐ䋨ᶧᵹᓴⅣ᦭䋩ᶧᵹᓴⅣ䈱䉂 ᶧᵹᓴⅣ䈫ᠣᜈ ᡬᜈེ࿁ォᢙ 㪈㪉㪇㫉㫇㫄 㪈㪋㪐㫉㫇㫄 㪈㪌㪉㫉㫇㫄
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ᐔဋ୯㩿㱘㫄䋩 㪈㪌㪈㪅㪏㪏㪏㪏㪏㪏㪐㪈㪋㪍ᐔဋ୯㩿㱘㫄䋩
㪈㪋㪍㪈㪌㪈㪅㪌㪌㪌㪍 㪈㪋㪊㪅㪈㪈㪈㪈ᦨᄢ୯㩿㱘㫄䋩
㪈㪎㪌㪈㪍㪍ᦨᄢ୯㩿㱘㫄䋩㪈㪍㪍㪈㪎㪍㪈㪍㪇ᦨዊ୯㩿㱘㫄䋩
㪈㪊㪇㪈㪉㪇ᦨዊ୯㩿㱘㫄䋩㪈㪉㪇㪈㪉㪎㪈㪉㪌ᮡḰ஍Ꮕ㩿㱘㫄䋩㪈㪋㪅㪍㪈㪊㪅㪎ᮡḰ஍Ꮕ㩿㱘㫄䋩
㪈㪊㪅㪎
㪈㪏㪅㪉
㪈㪇㪅㪊
ᄌേଥᢙ䋨䋦䋩
㪐㪅㪍㪐㪅㪋ᄌേଥᢙ䋨䋦䋩㪐㪅㪋㪈㪉㪎㪅㪉㪉㪌㪇㪄㪊㪇㪇
㪉㪇㪇㪄㪉㪌㪇
㪈㪌㪇㪄㪉㪇㪇
㪈㪇㪇㪄㪈㪌㪇
㪌㪇㪄㪈㪇㪇
㪇㪄㪌㪇

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㪈㪎

㪈㪊

ၮ᧼㐳ዤ

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ၮ᧼⍴ዤ

ᄌേଥᢙ䋺ᮡḰ஍Ꮕ䋨㱟㪀㪆ᐔဋ୯䇮䉄䈦䈐᧦ઙ䋺䋵㪘㪆㪻㫄㪉䇭䋴䋵㷄䇭䋳㪟䇭䉄䈦䈐ᶧ㊂䋸㪣

#FO ߢߪ‫⤑ޔ‬ෘߪ 㨪ǴO ߢၮ᧼๟ㄝၞ㧔ᄖ࿑  #FO 㧞 ߢ ߩ ታ ၮ ᧼ ߩ ࠾ ࠶ ࠤ ࡞ ⤑ ෘ ಽ Ꮣ     ஥㧕ߦߥࠆߣ⤑ෘߩ߫ࠄߟ߈߇ᄢ߈ߊ‫࡞࡯ࡘࠫࡁޔ‬ᭂ㑆EO‫ޔ‬ㆤ⭁᧼ߩࠢ࡝ࡗ࡜ࡦࠬ㧜㧘ᠣ㧔ǴO ߩ⓭⿠‛㧕߇⊒↢ߒߚࠅ‫ޔ‬ㅒߦಳㇱߩ⊒↢ᜈㅦᐲ㧦TRO߼ߞ߈᷷ᐲ㧦͠‫ߞ߼ޔ‬㧔ǴO㧕߇⷗ࠄࠇߚ‫ޕ‬߈ᤨ㑆 *‫ޔ‬ᭂ㑆㧦EO‫߈ߞ߼ޔ‬ᶧ㊂㧦.

৻ᣇ‫ޔ‬#FO ߩ႐ว‫⤑࡞ࠤ࠶࠾ޔ‬ෘߪၮ᧼ਛᄩઃ

㪐㪏ㄭ߇๟ㄝၞߦኻߒߡᄢ߈ߊᷫዋߒߚ‫⤑ޔߚ߹ޕ‬ෘߪ

㔚
ᵹ
ኒ
ᐲ

㨪ǴO㧔㔚ᵹኒᐲߦ឵▚ߔࠆߣ 㨪
#FO㧕߇ో૕ߣߒߡᄙ޿߽ߩߩ‫ޔ‬㨪ǴO㧔ห

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㨪#FO 㧕‫ޔ‬㨪ǴO㧔ห 㨪

㪉#FO㧕‫ޔ‬㨪ǴO㧔ห 㨪#FO㧕ߣ⤑ෘ㪇㧔㔚ᵹኒᐲ㧕ಽᏓߩᐢ߇ࠅ߇⷗ࠄࠇߚ‫ޔ߅ߥޕ‬#FO

Ꮐ┵
ਛᄩ
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

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㐳ዤᣇะ䈱
㐳ዤ
ᣇะ䈱㐳䈘㩿
㐳䈘㩿㫄㫄䋩㫄䋩ࠃࠅ #FO ߣૐ㔚ᵹኒᐲߣߔࠆᣇ߇⤑ෘಽᏓߪዊߐ
࿑ 11 ࠪ࡝ࠦࡦၮ᧼㐳ዤᣇะ㧔Ꮐฝ┵‫ޔ‬ਛᄩ㧕ߩ㔚ߊߥࠆߎߣ߇ಽ߆ߞߚ‫ޕ‬ᵹኒᐲಽᏓ ߼ߞ߈᧦ઙߪ࿑ 10 ߣห᭽ᰴߦ‫ޔ‬ၮ᧼ࡎ࡞࠳࡯߳ၮ᧼ߣᏀฝု⋥ᣇะߦㆤ⭁᧼ࠍߟߌ‫ޔ‬㔚ᵹኒᐲಽᏓߦ෸߷ߔㆤ⭁᧼ߩലᨐࠍᬌ

⸛ߒߚ‫ޕ‬࿑  ߦ #FO ߢߩ⤑ෘಽᏓ‫ޔ‬෸߮࿑ 㧠㧚߅ࠊࠅߦ

ߦၮ᧼㐳ዤᣇะߢ‫ޔ‬Ꮐฝ┵‫ޔ‬ਛᄩߩ⤑ෘಽᏓࠍ㔚ᵹኒᐲಽᏓߦ឵▚ߒߚ⚿ᨐࠍ␜ߔ‫ޕ‬ᧄ⎇ⓥࠍⴕߞߚ⚿ᨐ‫ޔ‬એਅߩߎߣ߇᣿ࠄ߆ߣߥߞ࿑  ࠃࠅ‫ޔ‬ㆤ⭁᧼ߩߥ޿႐วߦᲧߴ⤑ෘಽᏓ߇ᡷༀߐࠇߚ‫ޕ‬㐳ዤᣇะߩਛᄩၞߢߪ⤑ෘ‫ޔ‬㔚ᵹኒߚ‫ޕ‬ᐲಽᏓߣ߽߶߷৻ቯߢ‫ޔ‬ㅒߦ਄ਅၞߩ⤑ෘ‫ޔ‬㔚ᵹኒ ࠬ࡞ࡈࠕࡒࡦ㉄࠾࠶ࠤ࡞ 㨓. ࠍ฽߻߼ߞ߈

ᐲߪᷫዋߒ‫ޔ‬Ꮐฝ┵ߩ㔚ᵹኒᐲߪ #FO บߣߥߞߡ

ᶧߢᶧ᷷‫ޔ‬㔚ᵹኒᐲߩ㑐ଥࠍ⺞ߴߚ⚿ᨐ‫ޔ‬ኒᐲ#F޿ߚ‫ޔߡ޿ߟߦߣߎߩߎޕ‬ㆤ⭁ࠍ૞↪ᭂ㕙ߣኻᭂ

O㧞ߦߥࠆߣ‫͠ޔ‬એ਄ߢ࠾࠶ࠤ࡞߼ߞ߈ㅦᐲߪ⚂ߦኻߒߡု⋥ᣇะߦᏀฝߟߌࠆߎߣߦࠃߞߡ‫ޔ‬૞↪

ǴO*ߣߥࠅ‫⋡ޔ‬ᮡ୯㧔ǴO*એ਄㧕ࠍࠢ࡝ࠕߢ߈

ᭂ⴫㕙ߩ㔚ᵹኒᐲಽᏓߪ߶߷ဋ৻ൻߐࠇࠆ㧟㧕ߣ޿ࠊࠆߎߣ߇ಽ߆ߞߚ‫ޔߒ߆ߒޕ‬᷷ᐲߣ㔚ᵹኒᐲ߇㜞ߊࠇߡ߅ࠅ‫⎇ᧄޔ‬ⓥߦ߅޿ߡ߽‫ޔ‬ㆤ⭁᧼ࠍၮ᧼Ꮐฝ૏

ߥࠆߣ‫ޔ‬ၮ᧼๟ㄝ߳ߩ᮸ᨑ⁁࠾࠶ࠤ࡞㧔ࡃ࡝㧕ߩ⊒⟎ߦኻᭂ㧔࠾࠶ࠤ࡞᧼㧕ߣု⋥ߦઃߌ‫ߪߊ߆ߦᦝޔ‬↢߇ᄙߊߥߞߚ‫      ޕ‬ࠎࠍⴕ߁ߎߣߢ‫ޔ‬ၮ᧼⴫㕙ઃㄭߩ㔚ᵹኒᐲಽᏓࠍᡷ

(2)߼ߞ߈⤑ෘߩဋ৻ൻߦ෸߷ߔ㔚૏࡮㔚ᵹኒᐲߦߟ

ༀߢ߈ࠆ⷗ㅢߒ߇ᓧࠄࠇߚ‫ޕ‬޿ߡ⎇ⓥߔࠆߚ߼‫⤑ޔ‬ෘಽᏓࠍ㔚ᵹኒᐲಽᏓߦ឵▚



ߒ߼ߞ߈⊹⤑ߩဋ৻ᕈߦߟ޿ߡᬌ⸛ߒߚ‫⚿ߩߘޕ‬ᨐ‫ޔ‬ࠪ࡝ࠦࡦၮ᧼ਛᄩઃㄭߩ⤑ෘ߇ዊߐߊߥࠆߎߣ‫߅ޔ‬ࠃ߮ၮ᧼๟ㄝߩ⤑ෘ߇ᄢ߈ߊߥࠆ௑ะ߇⷗ࠄࠇߚߩ






ߢ‫⤑ޔ‬ෘಽᏓࠍ⋡ᮡ୯એਅߦߔࠆߚ߼‫ޔ‬ᭂ㑆〒㔌‫ޔ‬ㆤ⭁᧼‫ޔࠎߪߊ߆ޔ‬㔚ᵹኒᐲ‫ޔ‬᷷ᐲ᧦ઙߦߟ޿ߡᬌ

⸛ߒߚ‫⚿ߩߘޕ‬ᨐ‫ޔ‬ᭂ㑆〒㔌ࠍዊߐߊ㧔ၮ᧼⍴ዤᭂ㑆㧕‫ޔ‬ၮ᧼ࡎ࡯࡞࠳࡯߳ၮ᧼ߣု⋥ᣇะߦᏀฝㆤ⭁᧼ࠍߟߌ‫߈ߞ߼ޔ‬ᶧࠍᓴⅣߒ‫ࠎߪߊ߆ߦᦝޔ‬ߔࠆߎߣߦࠃࠅ‫⤑߈ߞ߼࡞ࠤ࠶࠾ޔ‬ෘಽᏓࠍᡷༀߢ

߈ࠆߎߣ߇ಽߞߚ‫ޕ‬੹ᓟ‫ޔ‬ᓸዊ߼ߞ߈ࡊࡠ࠮ࠬߩࡕ࠺࡝ࡦࠣߣࠪࡒࡘ

࡟࡯࡛ࠪࡦ ࠍⴕ޿‫ޔ‬ㆤ⭁᧼‫ࠆࠃߦࠎߪߊ߆ޔ‬ၮ᧼ઃㄭߩ㔚࿶࡮㔚ᵹಽᏓࠪࡒࡘ࡟࡯࡚ࠪࡦߦࠃࠆ߼ߞ
߈ෘಽᏓߩ੍᷹‫߈ߞ߼ࠬ࡞ࡄޔ‬ᴺߩዉ౉ߦࠃࠅ‫ߐޔ‬ࠄߦ࠾࠶ࠤ࡞߼ߞ߈⤑ෘߩဋ৻ൻ‫ࠅߘޔ‬ᷫዋߦߟ޿

ߡ⎇ⓥߒ‫ޔ‬ታ↪ൻࠍ࿑ࠆ੍ቯߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬

ෳ⠨ᢥ₂




 ᣣᧄࡊ࡟࡯࠹ࠖࡦࠣදળ✬̌⃻႐ᛛⴚ⠪ߩߚ߼ߩታ↪








߼ߞ߈㧔Υ㧕᭱ᦠᐫRR ᤐጊᔒ㇢̍⴫㕙ᛛⴚ⠪ߩߚ߼ߩ㔚᳇ൻቇ̌ਣༀRR ᫪⨃᳹↰ᐙᄦ⼱ᧄ᥏㞉ァᚑൻቇᎿቇ⺰ᢥ㓸8QN  RR 㕍ᩑ⦟৻⴫㕙ᛛⴚ8QN  RR


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ᨐታࠛࠠࠬߩ଻ஜᯏ⢻ലᨐߩ⸃᣿
⨹ᧁ⺈჻ ࡮Ꮏ⮮ᐽᢥ ࡮਄㊁⪇ሶᾢᧄ⋵↥ᬺᛛⴚ࠮ࡦ࠲࡯࡮㘩ຠടᎿቶ‫ޔ‬ㄘ↥ടᎿㇱ㧔⃻ᾢᧄ⋵ㄘᬺ⎇ⓥ࠮ࡦ࠲࡯↢↥ⅣႺ⎇ⓥᚲ㧕‫ޔ‬'NWEKFCVKQPQHJGCNVJHWPEVKQPQPHTWKVULWKEGGZVTCEV
5GKUK#4#-+ 㧘;CUWHWOK-7&1* CPF*CPCMQ7'01⋵↥ᨐታࠍ೑↪ߒߚ଻ஜᯏ⢻㘩ຠ㐿⊒ߩၮ␆⾗ᢱߣߔࠆߚ߼ߦ࠽ࠪ‫ࠍ╬࠷ࠠࡦࠞޔ‬ේᢱߦࠛࠠࠬࠍ⵾ㅧߒ‫ޔ‬ฦ⒳ᚑ
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ᯏ⢻ࠍᜬߞߚ㘩ຠ⵾ㅧߩේᢱߣߒߡ᦭ᦸߢ޽ࠆߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇߚ‫ޕ‬ߪߓ߼ߦ
৻⥸ߦ㘩ຠߩⶊᄌߪຠ⾰ߩഠൻߣߣࠄ߃ࠄࠇࠆߎߣ
߇ᄙ޿߇‫ޔ‬ᣂߚߥ㘑๧ߩ↢ᚑ߿ᯏ⢻ᕈߩะ਄ߥߤ㘩ຠߣߒߡࡊ࡜ࠬߩ㕙߽ᄙߊ‫ࠞࠗࠬޔ࠷ࠠࡦࠞޔࠪ࠽ޔ‬෸߮࠙ࡔߩᨐ᳝ࠍᾚ⹣߼ߚࠛࠠࠬߪ‫ߤߩࠇߙࠇߘޔ‬㘸ߥߤߩ㘩ຠߣߒߡฎߊ߆ࠄ೑↪ߐࠇߡ߅ࠅ‫ޔ‬ᯏ⢻ᕈࠍᜬߞߡ޿ࠆߎߣ߇ᦼᓙߐࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬ㄭᐕߩ㘩ߦኻߔࠆᶖ⾌⠪࠾࡯࠭ߪ‫ޔ‬ᩕ㙃ߩ៨ขߛߌ
ߢߥߊ‫ޔ‬⒳‫ߦ∛∔ߩޘ‬ኻߔࠆ੍㒐ലᨐ㧔଻ஜᯏ⢻ലᨐ㧕ࠍᦼᓙߔࠆࠃ߁ߦߥߞߡ޿ࠆ‫ߦ․ޕ‬ෘ↢⋭ߩࠕ࡟࡞ࠡ
࡯✚ว⎇ⓥ੐ᬺ㧔㨪㧕⎇ⓥ⃰࡮ෘ↢⋭㐳ᦼᘟᕈ∔ᖚ✚ว⎇ⓥ੐ᬺࠕ࡟࡞ࠡ࡯∉ቇߩ⎇ⓥ⺞ᩏ  ߢ ᱦએ਄ߩᣣᧄߩࠕ࡟࡞ࠡ࡯∔ᖚ᦭∛₸ߪ‫ੱޔ‬Ꮏߩ⚂㧑ߣႎ๔ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆࠃ߁ߦ‫ޔ‬᛫ࠕ࡟࡞ࠡ࡯ᕈࠍᜬߞ
ߚ㘩ຠߩⷐᦸߪᒝ޿ߣᕁࠊࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬ㄘ↥‛ߩᯏ⢻ᕈߦߟ޿ߡߪ‫ޔ‬ᵤᔒ↰ࠄߦࠃࠆ᛫㉄ൻᕈᬌ⚝  ‫ࠆࠃߦࠄ᧛ᧁޔ‬ጊ᪸ߩ࿾ၞㄘ↥‛ߩⴊ࿶਄᣹
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ߤߥ޿‫↥⋵ߩ╬࠷ࠠࡦࠞޔࠪ࠽ޔߢߎߘޕ‬ᨐታࠍේᢱ
ߦࠛࠠࠬࠍ⵾ㅧߒ‫ޔ‬ฦ⒳ᚑಽߩᄌൻ߿᛫ࠕ࡟࡞ࠡ࡯ᕈ
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‫㉄ޔ‬ᐲ෸߮✚ࡐ࡝ࡈࠚࡁ࡯࡞߿᛫
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㧢 &22* ࡜ࠫࠞ࡞ᶖ෰ᵴᕈߩ᷹ቯ
&22* ࡜ࠫࠞ࡞ᶖ෰ᵴᕈߩ᷹ቯߪ‫ޔ‬㗇↰ࠄߩᣇᴺ  ߦḰߓߚ‫&ޕ‬22* ᷙᶧߪ‫ޔ‬Ǵ/&22*ࠛ࠲ࡁ࡯࡞ṁᶧ‫ޔ‬//'5 OQTRJQNKPQGVJCPGUWNRJQPKECEKF ✭ⴣᶧ
R* ߣ 㧑ࠛ࠲ࡁ࡯࡞ṁᶧࠍ㧔㧦㧦㧕ߢᷙวߒ⺞ᢛߒߚ‫⹜ ޕ‬ᢱṁᶧ ǴN ࠍ⍴⹜㛎▤ߦ޿ࠇ‫&ޔ‬22*ᷙᶧ ON ࠍᷝടߒࡏ࡞࠹࠶ࠢࠬߢᠣᜈߒߚ‫ ޕ‬ಽ㑆㕒⟎ᓟ‫ޔ‬PO ߩๆశᐲࠍಽశశᐲ⸘ߢ᷹ቯߒߚ‫ޕ‬᷹ቯ୯ߪ‫ޔ‬6TQNQZ ⋧ᒰ㊂ߣߒߡ▚಴ߒߚ‫ޕ‬ ฦ⒳ࠛࠠࠬߩ᛫ࠕ࡟࡞ࠡ࡯ലᨐߩ᦭ή
 ଏ⹜᧚ᢱ
ଏ⹜᧚ᢱߦࠞࡦࠠ࠷㘃㧔Ꮉ㊁ᄐ࠳ࠗ࠳ࠗ‫ޔ‬ᴡౝ᥅ᨲ‫ޔ‬㕍ፉ‫ࡦࠞࡒ⪲ޔ‬෸߮࠲ࡠ࠶ࠦ㧕‫ࠪ࠽ޔ‬㧔ᣂ㜞㧕‫࠙࠼ࡉޔ‬
㧔Ꮒፄ㧕෸߮ࡔࡠࡦ㧔⢈ᓟࠣ࡝࡯ࡦ㧕ࠍ↪޿ߚ‫ࡦࠞޕ‬ࠠ࠷㘃㧔Ꮉ㊁ᄐ࠳ࠗ࠳ࠗ‫ޔ‬ᴡౝ᥅ᨲ‫ޔ‬㕍ፉ‫ࡦࠞࡒ⪲ޔ‬෸߮࠲ࡠ࠶ࠦ㧕ߪน㘩ㇱࠍࡂࡦ࠼ࠫࡘ࡯ࠨ࡯ߢ࿶៦ߒ
ࠟ࡯࠯ߢỹߒߡᨐ᳝ࠍᓧߚ‫ࠪ࠽ޕ‬㧔ᣂ㜞㧕‫࠙࠼ࡉޔ‬㧔Ꮒፄ㧕෸߮ࡔࡠࡦ㧔⢈ᓟࠣ࡝࡯ࡦ㧕ߪ‫ޔ‬น㘩ㇱࠍࠫࡘ࡯ࠨ࡯ߢ៦᳝ᓟ‫ߢ࠯࡯ࠟޔ‬ỹߒߡᨐ᳝ࠍᓧߚ‫ޕ‬ᨐ᳝ߪࡐ࡝ࠛ࠴࡟ࡦ⵾ⴼߦ౉ࠇߡ㧙͠ߢ଻ሽߒ‫ߩࠬࠠࠛޔ‬ේᢱߣߒߚ‫ޕ‬⸃ಓߒߚᨐ᳝㨪MIࠍ.ኈኸ⢵㍿ߦ౉ࠇ‫ޔ‬ᠣᜈߒߥ߇ࠄ $TKZ ߇ 㨪㧑ߦߥࠆ߹ߢടᾲ࡮Ớ❗
ߒࠛࠠࠬࠍ૞ᚑߒߚ‫ޕ‬ߎࠇࠄߩࠛࠠࠬߩ᛫ࠕ࡟࡞ࠡ࡯૞↪ࠍᲧセߔࠆߚ߼‫ޔ‬⨥㧔ߴߦ߰߁߈㧕   ‫⨥✛߈߁߰ߦߴޔ‬㘶ᢱ㧔ࠕࠨࡅ㘶ᢱ␠⵾‫࡞࠴ࡔޔ‬ൻࠞ࠹ࠠࡦࠍ 㧚OION ฽᦭㧕‫ޔ‬↠⪲ ㊱ሶߣ޿߁ࡃ࡜⑼ߩᬀ‛ࠍේᢱߣߒߚ↠⨥㧔ේ↥࿖ਛ⪇ੱ᳃౒๺࿖㧕ࠍኻᾖߦ↪޿ߚ‫ޕ‬㧞 ࡅࠕ࡞ࡠ࠾࠳࡯࠯㒖ኂᵴᕈ᷹ቯ⹜ᢱߩ⺞ᢛ ᧁ᧛ࠄߩᣇᴺ  ߦḰߓߡ⹜ᢱࠍ⺞ᢛߒߚ‫ޕ‬ᨐ᳝ߪ‫ޔ‬ᨐ᳝ I ࠍ౒ᩖઃ߈ ON ਃⷺࡈ࡜ࠬࠦߦណขߒࠛ࠲ࡁ࡯࡞ 㨙㨘ࠍട߃‫ ޔ‬ಽ㑆ᝄߣ߁ᓟ‫  ߢ͠ޔ‬ಽ㑆ടᾲ᛽಴ߒߚ‫ޕ‬಄ළᓟ‫ࠈߢ⚕ࠈޔ‬ㆊߒ‫ࠈޔ‬ᶧࠍ ON࠽ࠬࡈ࡜ࠬࠦߦ࿁෼ߒߚ‫ޕ‬ᱷᷲߦ 㧑ࠛ࠲ࡁ࡯࡞
ON ࠍട߃ౣᐲ ͠ ಽ㑆ടᾲߒ‫ޔ‬ࠈ⚕ߢࠈㆊߒߚ‫ޕ‬ࠈᶧߪ ON ࠽ࠬࡈ࡜ࠬࠦߦ޽ࠊߖߡ࿁෼ߒ‫ࡐࡃࠛޔ‬࡟࡯࠲࡯ߢᷫ࿶Ớ❗ࠍⴕ޿‫ޔ‬⿥⚐᳓ ON ߦṁ⸃ߒಽᨆ⹜ᢱߣߒߚ‫ޕ‬ ࠛࠠࠬߩ႐วߪࠛࠠࠬ 㨓ߦ 㧑ࠛ࠲ࡁ࡯࡞ࠍ
ON ട߃‫ ޔ‬ಽ㑆ᝄߣ߁ᓟ‫  ߢ͠ޔ‬ಽ㑆ടᾲ᛽಴ߒߚ‫ޕ‬಄ළᓟ‫ࠈߢ⚕ࠈޔ‬ㆊߒ‫ࠈޔ‬ᶧࠍ ON ࠽ࠬࡈ࡜ࠬࠦߦ࿁෼ߒߚ‫ޕ‬ᱷᷲߦ 㧑ࠛ࠲ࡁ࡯࡞ ON ࠍട߃ౣᐲ ͠ ಽ㑆ടᾲߒ‫ޔ‬ࠈ⚕ߢࠈㆊߒߚ‫ޕ‬ࠈᶧߪ ON࠽ࠬࡈ࡜ࠬࠦߦ޽ࠊߖߡ࿁෼ߒ‫ߢ࡯࠲࡯࡟ࡐࡃࠛޔ‬ᷫ࿶Ớ❗ࠍⴕ޿‫⚐⿥ޔ‬᳓ ON ߦṁ⸃ߒಽᨆ⹜ᢱߣߒߚ‫ޕ‬ኻᾖߩ⨥㧔ߴߦ߰߁߈㧕ߪ I‫ ߪ⨥↠ޔ‬I ࠍࠛࠠࠬߣห᭽ߦಣℂߒಽᨆ⹜ᢱߣߒߚ‫⨥✛߈߁߰ߦߴޕ‬㘶ᢱߪ I ࠍᨐ᳝ߣห᭽ߦಣℂߒಽᨆ⹜ᢱߣߒߚ‫ޕ‬㧟 ࡅࠕ࡞ࡠ࠾࠳࡯࠯㒖ኂᵴᕈߩ᷹ቯ
#5#&# ࠄߩᣇᴺ  ߦߒߚ߇ߞߡ᷹ቯߒߚ‫ޕ‬㉂⚛ṁᶧߪ‫ޔ‬ࡅࠕ࡞ࡠ࠾࠳࡯࠯
㧔6[RGΦ5 5+)/#␠⵾㧕ࠍ OION ߩỚᐲߢ / ㈶㉄✭ⴣᶧ㧔R*㧕ߦṁ⸃ߒߚ‫ޕ‬㉂⚛ᵴᕈൻᶧߪ‫ޔ‬%QORQWPF㧔5+)/#␠⵾㧕ࠍ OION‫ޔ‬Ⴎൻࠞ࡞ࠪ࠙ࡓࠍ OION ߩỚᐲߢ / ㈶㉄✭ⴣᶧ㧔R*㧕ߦṁ⸃ߒߚ‫ޕ‬ၮ⾰ṁᶧߪ‫ޔ‬ࡅࠕ࡞ࡠࡦ㉄࠽࠻࡝࠙ࡓ㧔HTQOTQQUVGTEQOD‫ޔ‬5+)/#␠
⵾㧕ࠍ OION ߩỚᐲߢ / ㈶㉄✭ⴣᶧ㧔R*㧕ߦṁ⸃ߒߚ‫ޔߪ⮎⹜⦡⊒ޔߚ߹ޕ‬Rࠫࡔ࠴࡞ࠕࡒࡁࡌࡦ
࠭ࠕ࡞࠺ࡅ࠼Iࠍ᳖㈶㉄ON‫ޔ‬0*%NONߦṁ⸃ߒ‫ޔ‬૶↪ᤨߦ᳖㈶㉄ߢ  ୚Ꮧ㉼ߒߚ‫ޕ‬᷹ቯߪ‫ޔ‬
ಽᨆ⹜ᢱONߦ㉂⚛ṁᶧONࠍᷙวߒ㧘͠ߢ  ಽ㑆଻ᜬߒߚ㧚ᰴ޿ߢ㉂⚛ᵴᕈൻᶧ ONࠍᷝടߒ㧘͠ߢ  ಽ㑆଻ᜬߒ‫ޔ‬ᵴᕈൻߒߚᓟ㧘ၮ⾰ṁᶧ ON ࠍᷝടߒߡ ͠ߢ  ಽ㑆଻ᜬߒߚ‫ࠇߎޕ‬ߦ 00C1*ON ߣࡎ࠙㉄ࠞ࡝࠙ࡓṁᶧ㧔/ࡎ࠙㉄‫ޔ‬᳓㉄ൻࠞ࡝࠙ࡓ OION㧕ON ࠍᷝടߒ㧘ᴣ㛛᳓ਛߢ  ಽ㑆ടᾲߒ㉂⚛ࠍᄬᵴߐߖߚᓟ‫ޔ‬᳖᳓ߢᕆ಄
ߒߚ‫ޕ‬෻ᔕߦࠃࠅ↢ᚑߒߚ0ࠕ࠮࠴࡞ၮߩㆶరᧃ┵ࠍ⊒⦡⹜⮎ ON ࠍട߃㧘͠ߢ  ಽ㑆଻ᜬߒ‫ޔ‬PO ߩๆశᐲࠍ᷹ቯߒߚ㧚ಽᨆ⹜ᢱߩઍࠊࠅߦ⫳⇐᳓ࠍ౉ࠇߚ߽ߩࠍࠦࡦ࠻ࡠ࡯࡞ߣߒ㧘ฦಽᨆ⹜ᢱߣࠦࡦ࠻ࡠ࡯
࡞ߦߟ޿ߡ㉂⚛ṁᶧࠍ౉ࠇߥ޿߽ߩࠍࡉ࡜ࡦࠢߣߒߡ㧘ๆశᐲࠍ᷹ቯߒ㧘㒖ኂ₸ࠍ᳞߼ߚ‫⹜ޔߚ߹ޕ‬ᢱߩᷝട㊂ࠍ⺞ᢛߒ‫ޔ‬+% ୯ࠍ᳞߼ߚ‫ޕ‬ታ㛎⚿ᨐࠛࠠࠬ⵾ㅧᤨߩฦ⒳ᚑಽ෸߮ᯏ⢻ᕈߩᄌേ ේᢱߦ૶↪ߒߚ࠽ࠪຠ⒳㧔ᐘ᳓‫⼾ޔ‬᳓‫ޔ‬ᣂ㜞㧕ߩᨐ 

⴫㧝 ࠽ࠪࠛࠠࠬߩᚑಽ߅ࠃ߮ᯏ⢻ᕈಽᨆ⚿ᨐ
ຠ⒳
ᐘ
᳓
⼾
᳓
ᣂ
㜞

᳓ಽ
㧔㧑㧕

ࡆ࠲ࡒࡦ㧯
㧔OI㧑㧕

$TKZ
㧔㧑㧕

㉄ᐲ
㧔㧑㧕

ࡐ࡝ࡈࠚࡁ࡯࡞ 㧔ǴION㧕&22* ࡜ࠫࠞ࡞ᶖ෰ᵴᕈ 㧔ǴION㧕

ᨐ᳝

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ࡐ࡝ࡈࠚࡁ࡯࡞㧔ࠢࡠࡠࠥࡦ㉄⋧ᒰ㊂㧕‫ ޔ‬㧰㧼㧼㧴࡜ࠫࠞ࡞ᶖ෰ᵴᕈ㧔6TQNQZ ⋧ᒰ㊂㧕⴫㧞 ࠽ࠪࠛࠠࠬߩᚑಽ߅ࠃ߮ᯏ⢻ᕈಽᨆ⚿ᨐ ੇ㊀ᒰߚࠅ 
ຠ⒳

ᐘ
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⼾
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ࡆ࠲ࡒࡦ㧯
㧔OI㧑ੇ㊀ᒰ
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$TKZ
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㉄ᐲ
㧔㧑ੇ㊀ᒰߚ
ࠅ㧕ࡐ࡝ࡈࠚࡁ࡯࡞ &22* ࡜ࠫࠞ࡞ᶖ෰
㧔ǴII ੇ㊀ᒰߚࠅ㧕ᵴᕈ 㧔ǴII ੇ㊀ᒰߚ
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ࡐ࡝ࡈࠚࡁ࡯࡞㧔ࠢࡠࡠࠥࡦ㉄⋧ᒰ㊂㧕‫ ޔ‬㧰㧼㧼㧴࡜ࠫࠞ࡞ᶖ෰ᵴᕈ㧔6TQNQZ ⋧ᒰ㊂㧕ࠆߣᕆỗߦᷫዋߒߚ‫ޕ‬$TKZ‫ ࡦࡒ࠲ࡆޔ‬% ฽㊂ߪ᳓ಽ᳝ߩ᳓ಽ‫㉄ޔ‬ᐲ‫ޔ‬$TKZ߅ࠃ߮ࡆ࠲ࡒࡦ % ߦߟ޿ߡߪᄢ
ߩᷫዋߦ઻޿Ⴧടߒߚ‫&ޕ‬22* ࡜ࠫࠞ࡞ᶖ෰ᵴᕈ߽ห᭽
߈ߥᏅߪߥ߆ߞߚ‫ޔߪࠬࠠࠛߩࠇߙࠇߘޕ‬ේᢱߩᨐ᳝
ߦ‫ᤨ ޔ‬㑆ࠍㆊ߉ࠆߣᕆỗߦჇടߒߚ㧔࿑㧝㧕‫        ޕ‬ߦᲧߴߡࡆ࠲ࡒࡦ㧯‫ޔ‬$TKZ‫㉄ޔ‬ᐲ‫࡞࡯ࡁࠚࡈ࡝ࡐ✚ޔ‬&22* ࡜ࠫࠞ࡞ᶖ෰ᵴᕈߩჇട߇‫ޔ‬නߥࠆỚ❗ലᨐߦ
฽㊂߅ࠃ߮ &22* ࡜ࠫࠞ࡞ᶖ෰ᵴᕈߣ߽Ớ❗ߦࠃࠅჇࠃࠆ߽ߩ߆‫ޔ‬޽ࠆ޿ߪỚ❗Ꮏ⒟ߦࠃࠅᣂⷙߥ &22* ࡜ࠫടߒߚ‫ޕ‬․ߦ✚ࡐ࡝ࡈࠚࡁ࡯࡞฽㊂߅ࠃ߮ &22* ࡜ࠫࠞࠞ࡞ᶖ෰ᚑಽ߇↢ᚑߐࠇࠆ߆ࠍᬌ⸛ߔࠆߚ߼‫ޔ‬นṁᕈ࡞ᶖ෰ᵴᕈߩჇട߇⪺ߒ߆ߞߚ㧔⴫ 㧕‫ޕ‬࿕ᒻ‛ᒰߚࠅߩ &22* ࡜ࠫࠞ࡞ᶖ෰ᵴᕈ෸߮ࡆ࠲ࡒࡦ % ੇ㊀㊂ᒰߚࠅߢᨐ᳝෸߮ࠛࠠࠬߩᚑಽ㊂ࠍᲧセߔࠆ
฽㊂ߩផ⒖ࠍ࿑㧞ߦ␜ߒߚ‫&ޕ‬22* ࡜ࠫࠞ࡞ᶖ෰ᵴᕈߪ‫ޔ‬ߣ‫ ࡦࡒ࠲ࡆޔ‬%‫ޔ‬$TKZ‫㉄ޔ‬ᐲߪᨐ᳝ߣࠛࠠࠬߢ߶ߣࠎ
Ớ❗㐿ᆎ⋥ᓟߪ‫ޔ‬ᷫዋߔࠆ߇‫ߩߘޔ‬ᓟᕆỗߦჇടߒߚ
ߤᏅ߇ߥߊ‫ߩࠄࠇߎޔ‬ᚑಽߪടᾲỚ❗ߦࠃࠅනߦỚ❗
㧔࿑ 㧕
‫ޕ‬
ߐࠇߚࠆ߽ߩߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇߚ‫ੇߩࠬࠠࠛޔߒ߆ߒޕ‬㊀㊂
ᒰߚࠅߩ✚ࡐ࡝ࡈࠚࡁ࡯࡞฽㊂ߪ‫ޔ‬ᐘ᳓ߢߪᨐ᳝ߩ ฦ⒳ࠛࠠࠬߩ᛫ࠕ࡟࡞ࠡ࡯ലᨐߩ᦭ή
 ୚‫⼾ޔ‬᳓ߢ  ୚‫ޔ‬ᣂ㜞ߢ  ୚ߦჇടߒߚ‫߹ޕ‬ኻᾖߦ↪޿ߚ⨥㧔ߴߦ߰߁߈㧕ߩࡅࠕ࡞ࡠ࠾࠳࡯࠯
ߚ‫ޔ‬ࠛࠠࠬߩੇ㊀㊂ᒰߚࠅߩ &22* ࡜ࠫࠞ࡞ᶖ෰ᵴᕈ߽
㒖ኂᵴᕈߩ +% ୯ߪ OI㧔ੇ‛㊀ᒰߚࠅ㧕‫ ߪ⨥↠ޔ‬OIᐘ᳓ߢᨐ᳝ߩ  ୚‫⼾ޔ‬᳓ߢ  ୚‫ޔ‬ᣂ㜞ߢ  ୚ߦ㧔ੇ‛㊀ᒰߚࠅ㧕‫⨥ޔ‬㘶ᢱ㧔ߴߦ߰߁߈✛⨥㧕ߪ OIჇടߒߡ޿ߚ㧔⴫ 㧕‫ޕ‬㧔ੇ‛㊀ᒰߚࠅ㧕ߣߥߞߚ㧔࿑ 㧕‫ޕ‬ടᾲỚ❗ߦ߅޿ߡ‫ᤨ ޔ‬㑆߅߈ߦࠨࡦࡊ࡝ࡦࠣߒ‫ޔ‬ᨐታࠛࠠࠬߩੇ㊀ᒰߚࠅߩࡅࠕ࡞ࡠ࠾࠳࡯࠯㒖ኂᵴᕈ⸘ᤨᄌൻࠍ⷗ߚ⚿ᨐ‫ޔ‬Ớ❗ߦࠃࠅ᳓ಽߪ‫ޔ‬Ớ❗㐿ᆎᓟߪ‫ޔߪߢ࠷ࠠࡦࠞޔ‬Ꮉ㊁ᄐ࠳ࠗ࠳ࠗ߇ +% ୯ OI ߣᒝ ᤨ㑆⒟ᐲ߹ߢߪ‫ߦ߆߿✭ޔ‬ᷫዋߒߚ߇‫ᤨ ޔ‬㑆ࠍㆊ߉


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㪛㪧㪧㪟䊤䉳䉦䊦ᶖ෰ᵴᕈ㩿㪫㫉㫆㫃㫆㫏⋧ᒰ㊂㪑㫄㪾㩼㪀

᳓ಽ㩿㩼㪀䇮䊎䉺䊚䊮㪚㩿㫄㪾㪆㩼㪀䇮㪙㫉㫀㫏㩿㩼㪀

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࿑
1 ࠽ࠪ㧔ᣂ㜞㧕ᨐ᳝ߩỚ❗ߦࠃࠆᚑಽ╬ߩផ⒖࿑䋱䇭䊅䉲䋨ᣂ㜞䋩ᨐ᳝䈱Ớ❗䈮䉋䉎ᚑಽ╬䈱ផ⒖᳓ಽ䊎䉺䊚䊮㪚㩷㪙㫉㫀㫏ߊ‫ޔ‬ᰴߦ࠲ࡠ࠶ࠦ +% ୯ OI‫ޔ‬ᴡౝ᥅ᨲ߇ +% ୯ OIߣᒝ߆ߞߚ‫ޕ‬㕍ፉ෸߮⪲ࡒࠞࡦߪ +% ୯ OI ෸߮OI Ყセ⊛ᒙ߆ߞߚ‫ޔߚ߹ޕ‬Ꮉ㊁ᄐ࠳ࠗ࠳ࠗ‫ޔ‬ᴡౝ᥅ᨲ‫ޔ‬㕍ፉ෸߮⪲ࡒࠞࡦߩ  ຠ⒳ߢߪ‫ޔ‬ᨐ᳝ߣࠛࠠࠬߢ
ੇ㊀ᒰߚࠅߩ㒖ኂᵴᕈߪᏅ߇߶ߣࠎߤߥ߆ߞߚ‫ࡠ࠲ޕ‬࠶ࠦᨐ᳝ߩੇ㊀ᒰߚࠅࡅࠕ࡞ࡠ࠾࠳࡯࠯㒖ኂᵴᕈߪ+% ୯ OI ߣ‫ޔ‬
Ꮉ㊁ᄐ࠳ࠗ࠳ࠗߣห⒟ᐲߦᒝ߆ߞߚ߇‫ޔ‬ࠛࠠࠬߢߪ +% ୯ OI ߣ㒖ኂᵴᕈ߇ᒙߊߥࠆ௑ะߦ
޽ߞߚ‫ޕ‬Ꮒፄߩᨐ᳝ߪᴡౝ᥅ᨲ⒟ᐲ‫ޔ‬ᣂ㜞ᨐ᳝ߪ㕍ፉ⒟ᐲߩ㒖䊤䉳䉦䊦ᶖ෰ᵴᕈ䊶䊎䉺䊚䊮㪚䋨㫄㪾㪆㪾䋩

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࿑Ớ❗ߦࠃࠆนṁᕈ࿕ᒻ‛ᒰߚࠅߩ࡜ࠫࠞ࡞ᶖ෰ᵴᕈ߅ࠃ߮ࡆ࠲ࡒࡦ%ߩផ
⒖㧔ᣂ㜞㧕䊤䉳䉦䊦ᶖ෰ᵴᕈ㪆㪙㫉㫀㫏䊎䉺䊚䊮㪚㪆㩷㪙㫉㫀㫏䊤䉳䉦䊦ᶖ෰⢻ኂᵴᕈߛߞߚ߇‫ޔ‬ᨐ᳝ߦᲧߴߡࠛࠠࠬߩࡅࠕ࡞ࡠ࠾࠳
࡯࠯㒖ኂᵴᕈ߇ᒙߊߥࠆ௑ะߦ޽ߞߚ‫ޕ‬㧔࿑ 㧕
߹ߚ‫ࡦࡠࡔޔ‬㧔⢈ᓟࠣ࡝࡯ࡦ㧕ߪ‫ ߩࠬࠠࠛޔ‬+% ୯
OI ߣ․ߦᄢ߈ߊ㒖ኂᵴᕈ߇ᒙ߆ߞߚ‫ޕ‬⠨ኤ
5/2!ࣉख़ˍ
ࠛࠠࠬߪේᢱߩᨐ᳝ߦᲧߴߡࡆ࠲ࡒࡦ㧯‫ޔ‬$TKZ ෸߮㉄ᐲ߇Ⴧടߒߚ߇‫ੇޔ‬㊀㊂ᒰߚࠅߢᲧセߔࠆߣ‫ߣ߶ޔ‬ࠎߤᏅ߇ߥߊ‫ޔ‬ടᾲỚ❗ߦࠃࠅỚᐲ߇਄߇ߞߡ޿ࠆ߽
ߩߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇߚ‫ޕ‬ಽ⸃ߒ߿ߔ޿ࡆ࠲ࡒࡦ㧯߽ࠛࠠࠬ⵾
ㅧ೨ᓟߢᄢ߈ߥᷫዋ߇ߥߊ‫ޔ‬Ớ❗⋥ᓟߪࠊߕ߆ߦᷫዋ
ߔࠆ߇‫ߩߘޔ‬ᓟߪ‫ޔ‬ᄢ߈ߥࡠࠬ߇ߥ޿ߎߣ߇␜ໂߐࠇ
ߚ‫ޕ‬✚ࡐ࡝ࡈࠚࡁ࡯࡞฽㊂߅ࠃ߮ &22* ࡜ࠫࠞ࡞ᶖ෰ᵴ
ᕈߪჇട߇⪺ߒߊ‫ੇޔ‬㊀㊂ᒰߚࠅߢᲧセߒߡ߽✚ࡐ࡝ࡈࠚࡁ࡯࡞฽㊂෸߮ &22* ࡜ࠫࠞ࡞ᶖ෰ᵴᕈߪ‫ޔ‬ᨐ᳝ߩ ߆ࠄ  ୚ߦჇടߒߡ޿ߚ‫࡞࡯ࡁࠚࡈ࡝ࡐ✚ޔߚ߹ޕ‬฽㊂ߣ &22* ࡜ࠫࠞ࡞ᶖ෰ᵴᕈߩჇടᲧ₸ߪ‫ޔ‬߶߷หߓߢ‫ޔ‬᛫㉄ൻ⢻㧔&22* ࡜ࠫࠞ࡞ᶖ෰ᵴᕈ㧕ߣ✚ࡐ࡝ࡈࠚࡁ࡯࡞ߩ⋧㑐ߪ㜞޿ߣ޿߁ႎ๔   ߽޽ࠆߎߣ߆ࠄ‫ޔ‬✚ࡐ࡝ࡈࠚࡁ࡯࡞฽㊂ߣ &22* ࡜ࠫࠞ࡞ᶖ෰ᵴᕈߪ㑐ㅪᕈߪᒝ޿ߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇߚ‫ޕ‬ࠛࠠࠬ⵾ㅧߢߪ‫ࡦࡒ࠲ࡆޔ‬㧯‫♧ޔ‬ಽ‫㉄ޔ‬ᐲߪടᾲỚ❗ߦࠃࠅන⚐ߦỚᐲ߇਄᣹ߔࠆ߇‫࡞࡯ࡁࠚࡈ࡝ࡐ✚ޔ‬฽㊂ߪ‫ޔ‬ടᾲߦࠃࠅ㊀วൻࡐ࡝ࡈࠚࡁ࡯࡞ߥߤߩᣂⷙ
‛⾰߇↢ᚑߒჇടߔࠆߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇߚ‫   ޕ‬߹ߚ‫߿ࠎ߇ޔ‬ᔃ∔ᖚࠍߪߓ߼ߣߔࠆ↢ᵴ⠌ᘠ∛ߩ੍㒐ߦ㑐ਈߔࠆ᛫㉄ൻ⢻㧔&22* ࡜ࠫࠞ࡞ᶖ෰ᵴᕈ㧕߽ߎ 

㪌㪇㪋㪌㪠㪚㪌㪇୯㩿㫄㪾㪆ੇ‛㊀ᒰ䈢䉍㪀

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ᴡౝ᥅ᨲ

Ꮉ㊁ᄐ䉻䉟䉻䉟

↠⨥䈼䈮䈸䈉䈐✛⨥䈼䈮䈸䈉䈐㪇࿑㧟‫ޓ‬ᨐታࠛࠠࠬߩࡅࠕ࡞ࡠ࠾࠳࡯࠯㒖ኂᵴᕈኻᾖߩᣂⷙ‛⾰ߩ↢ᚑߦ㑐ㅪߒߡჇടߒ‫ޔ‬᛫㉄ൻ⢻ࠍࠛࠠࠬ⵾ㅧߦࠃࠅะ਄ߐߖࠆߎߣ߇น⢻ߢ޽ߞߚ‫ޕ‬ᰴߦ⋵↥ᨐታ߆ࠄ૞ᚑߒߚࠛࠠࠬߩ᛫ࠕ࡟࡞ࠡ࡯ᵴ
ᕈࠍࡅࠕ࡞ࡠ࠾࠳࡯࠯ߩ㒖ኂᵴᕈߦࠃࠅಽᨆߒ‫ࠠࠛޔ‬ࠬߩ᛫ࠕ࡟࡞ࠡ࡯㘩ຠߣߒߡߩน⢻ᕈࠍ⺞ᩏߒߚ‫ޕ‬੹࿁‫ޔ‬᛫ࠕ࡟࡞ࠡ࡯ᕈߩಽᨆߦ↪޿ߚࡅࠕ࡞ࡠ࠾࠳
࡯࠯ߩ㒖ኂᵴᕈߪ‫ޔ‬㧵ဳࠕ࡟࡞ࠡ࡯ߦ߅ߌࠆ⢈ḩ⚦⢩߆ࠄߩࡅࠬ࠲ࡒࡦߩㆆ㔌ߩㆊ⒟ߦ㑐ਈߔࠆ᛫ࠕ࡟࡞ࠡ
࡯ᕈߩ⹏ଔᜰᮡߩ߭ߣߟߢ޽ࠅ‫ߤߥ∝☳⧎ޔ‬ㆊᢅᗵ෻ᔕࠍ઻߁ࠕ࡟࡞ࠡ࡯∝⁁ߩ✭๺ߦኻߒߡߩലᨐ߇ᦼᓙ
ߐࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬੹࿁ኻᾖߦ↪޿ߚ⨥㧔ߴߦ߰߁߈㧕ߪ‫ޔ‬ᒝ޿᛫ࠕ࡟
࡞ࠡ࡯ᵴᕈࠍᜬߟࡔ࠴࡞ൻࠞ࠹ࠠࡦ㧔ࠛࡇࠟࡠࠞ࠹ࠠ
ࡦ 1 1 ࡔ࠴࡞ ࠟ࡟࡯࠻㧕ࠍ ฽ࠎߢ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬߹ߚ‫⨥ޔ‬㘶ᢱ㧔ߴߦ߰߁߈✛⨥㧕ߪ‫ߩ߈߁߰ߦߴޔ‬᛫ࠕ࡟࡞ࠡ࡯૞↪ࠍరߦ㐿⊒ߐࠇߚࡍ࠶࠻ࡏ࠻࡞㘶ᢱߢ޽ࠆ‫⑼࡜ࡃޔߪ⨥↠ޔߚ߹ޕ‬ᬀ‛ߩࡅࠬ࠲ࡒࡦߥߤൻ
ቇ‛⾰߇᡼಴ߐࠇࠆߎߣࠍ㒖ኂߔࠆᚑಽ㧔)1& ࡐ࡝ࡈࠚࡁ࡯࡞㧕߇฽߹ࠇߡ޿ࠆߣ޿߁⎇ⓥᚑᨐ߇ਃ㊀ᄢቇකቇㇱ㡻㘺ᢎ᝼ࠄߦࠃߞߡᐔᚑ㧢ᐕ⑺ߦ⊒⴫ߐࠇߚߎ
ߣ߆ࠄ‫ޔ‬ᵈ⋡ࠍ㓸߼ࠆࠃ߁ߦߥߞߡ޿ࠆ  ‫ޕ‬

ࠛࠠࠬ

ᨐ᳝

⨥㧔ߴߦ߰߁߈㧕ߩ⧎☳∝ߩ∝⁁✭๺ലᨐࠍ⺞ᩏߒߚጊᧄࠄߩ⎇ⓥߣᲧセߒ‫ޔ‬᛫ࠕ࡟࡞ࠡ࡯ᯏ⢻ࠍᦼᓙߢ
߈ࠆ៨ข㊂ࠍᬌ⸛ߒߚ‫ޕ‬OI ߩࡔ࠴࡞ൻࠞ࠹ࠠࡦ
ࠍ฽߻⨥㧔ߴߦ߰߁߈㧕☳ᧃ I ࠍᦺ࡮ᤤ  ࿁㧔ࡔ࠴࡞ൻࠞ࠹ࠠࡦߣߒߡ 㧚OI㧕⛮⛯ߒߡ៨ขߔࠆߎߣ
ߦࠃࠅ‫ޔ‬㥦᳝‫ޔߺࠁ߆ߩ⋡ޔ‬㥦ߠ߹ࠅ‫ޔ‬ຜ㗡∩ߥߤ⧎☳∝ߩ∝⁁߇シᷫߐࠇߚߣ޿߁ጊᧄ㧔೨↰㧕ࠄߩႎ๔߆ࠄផቯ୯ࠍ▚಴ߒߚ‫ޕ‬߹ߚ‫⨥ޔ‬㘶ᢱ㧔ߴߦ߰߁߈✛⨥㧕߽‫ޔ‬ON㧔ࡔ࠴࡞ൻࠞ࠹ࠠࡦࠍ OI ฽᦭㧕ࠍ  ᣣ  ᧄ㘶↪ߔࠆߎߣࠍ
൘߼ߡ޿ࠆ߇‫߷߶ޔ‬ห⒟ᐲߩࡔ࠴࡞ൻࠞ࠹ࠠࡦ៨ข㊂㧔OI㧕ߢ޽ߞߚ‫ޕ‬
Ꮉ㊁ᄐ࠳ࠗ࠳ࠗߩᨐ᳝ߩ႐ว‫ޔ‬+% ୯߇ߴߦ߰߁߈ߩ⚂  ୚ߢ޽ࠆߎߣ߆ࠄ‫ޔ‬㨓ߩ  ୚ߩ 㨓㧔ੇ㊀㊂㧕ࠍ  ᣣ  ࿁ߢ I ߢᣂ㞲㊀ߦ឵▚ߔࠆߣ I ߣߥࠅ‫ޔ‬᛫ࠕ࡟࡞ࠡ࡯ߩലᨐ߇ᦼᓙߢ߈ࠆផቯ୯ߦߥࠆ‫ޕ‬ห᭽ߦ឵▚ߔࠆߣᴡౝ᥅ᨲ 㨓㧔ᣂ㞲㊀㧕‫ޔ‬㕍ፉ I㧔ᣂ㞲㊀㧕‫ޔ‬ᣂ㜞 I㧔ᣂ㞲㊀㧕‫ޔ‬⢈ᓟࠣ࡝࡯ࡦ I㧔ᣂ㞲㊀㧕ߢߪ‫ޔ‬ᄙ㊂ߩ៨ข߇ᔅⷐߢ޽ࠅ‫ ⨥↠ޔ‬I㧔ੇ
㊀㊂㧕߽߅⨥ߣߒߡ㘶↪ߔࠆߎߣࠍ⠨߃ࠆߣ៨ขน⢻ߥ㊂ߢߪߥ߆ߞߚ‫ޕ‬ ߹ߚ‫߽ࠬࠠࠛޔ‬ห᭽ߦ឵▚ߔࠆߣ‫ޔ‬Ꮉ㊁ᄐ࠳ࠗ࠳ࠗ
I‫ޔ‬ᴡౝ᥅ᨲ I‫ޔ‬㕍ፉ I㧔ᣂ㞲㊀㧕‫ޔ‬ᣂ㜞 I㧔ᣂ㞲㊀㧕‫ޔ‬⢈ᓟࠣ࡝࡯ࡦ I㧔ᣂ㞲㊀㧕ߣߥࠅ‫ࠬࠠࠛޔ‬ൻߦࠃࠅ៨ข㊂ࠍᷫࠄߔߎߣ߇น⢻ߦߥߞߚ‫ޕ‬ࡅࠕ࡞ࡠ࠾࠳࡯࠯㒖ኂᵴᕈࠍᜬߟᚑಽߪ‫࠷ࠠࡦࠞޔ‬㘃ߢߪ‫ߣࠬࠠࠛޔ‬ᨐ᳝ߩੇ㊀ᒰߚࠅߩᵴᕈ߇߶ߣࠎߤ
Ꮕ߇ߥߊ‫ޕ‬ടᾲߦࠃࠅ‫ޔ‬ᷫዋߒߥ޿ᾲߦ቟ቯߥ‛⾰ߢ޽ࠆ⠨߃ࠄࠇߚ‫ࠬࠠࠛߪࠦ࠶ࡠ࠲ޕ‬ൻߦࠃࠅੇ㊀ᒰߚࠅߢᵴᕈ߇ᷫዋߒߚ߇‫ޔ‬ᵴᕈߩ৻ㇱߦᾲߦਇ቟ቯߥ‛⾰߇޽ࠅ‫ޔ‬ᾲߦࠃࠅಽ⸃ߐࠇߚߚ߼ߣ␜ໂߐࠇߚ‫ޕ‬ࡉ࠼࠙㧔Ꮒፄ㧕‫ࠪ࠽ޔ‬㧔ᣂ㜞㧕ߦ߅޿ߡ‫ࠬࠠࠛޔ‬ൻߦࠃ
ࠅੇ㊀ᒰߚࠅߢᵴᕈ߇ᷫዋߒߚߩ߽‫ޔ‬ᾲߦਇ቟ቯߥ‛⾰ߦᵴᕈ߇޽ߞߚߎߣߦࠃࠆߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇߚ‫ޕ‬߹ߚ‫࡞࡯ࡁࠚࡈ࡝ࡐ✚ޔ‬෸߮ &22* ࡜ࠫࠞ࡞ᶖ෰ᵴᕈ
ߪ‫ࠬࠠࠛޔ‬ൻߦࠃࠅჇടߔࠆߎߣ߆ࠄ‫࠳࠾ࡠ࡞ࠕࡅޔ‬࡯࠯㒖ኂᵴᕈߣ㑐ㅪᕈߪ⭯޿ߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇߚ‫ޕ‬ ࡅࠕ࡞ࡠ࠾࠳࡯࠯㒖ኂᵴᕈ߆ࠄ឵▚ߔࠆߣ៨ขน⢻ߥ㊂ߩ᛫ࠕ࡟࡞ࠡ࡯૞↪ࠍᜬߟߣᦼᓙߐࠇࠆߩߪ‫ࠞޔ‬ࡦࠠ࠷㘃ߩᎹ㊁ᄐ࠳ࠗ࠳ࠗߢ޽ࠅ‫ࠬࠠࠛޔ‬ൻߦࠃࠅੇ
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Sound insulation performance of three-layered walls and floors
composed of cedar plywood
a

a

a

a

Tetsuo Nakamura , Takashi Yano , Kiyoshi Murakami , Asako Hasegawa ,bbcTomehisa Etho , Yuki Takahashi , Ryosei KitaharaaGraduate School of Science and Technology, Kumamoto University,
2-39-1 Kurokami, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japanb
Shinko Co. Ltd.,
7-1-8-103 Tsukiide, Kumamoto 862-0920, Japanc
Forest Co. Ltd.,
15 Iwano, Kahoku-machi, Yamaga,861-0698, Japan
ABSTRACT
In order to create a sustainable and comfortable residential environment, eco-materials are
required to be used for constructing buildings. Wood is one such environment-friendly
material. In the present study, the sound insulation performance of three-layered walls andfloors composed of cedar plywood was measured and evaluated following ISO140-1,
ISO717-1 and ISO717-2 standards and was compared with that of a conventionallyconstructed floor and wall. The results are summarized as follows: (1) The newly
developed three-layered walls demonstrated a higher sound insulation performance over awide frequency range than the conventionally constructed wall. Clear reduction in soundinsulation performance by the coincidence effect were not found (2) When glass wool wasinserted in one of the two air layers, the sound insulation performance was clearly greaterthan that without the glass wool. (3) Outlet holes did not decrease the sound insulation
performance of the three-layered walls. (4) When joists were inserted at an interval of
433.5 mm in the lower air layer of the floors developed in this study, the lightweight floor
impact sound insulation of the floors with rubber supporting the upper air layer was better
than that with timber supporting, which in turn, was better than that of the conventionallyconstructed floor. (5) Even when a CFRP plate was bonded to the lower surface of thefloor, the lightweight floor impact sound insulation did not improve because of insufficientbonding. (6) When the joist interval of the lower air layer was reduced from 433.5 mm to
289 mm, the lightweight floor impact sound insulation decreased, except in case of thefloor with the CFRP plate bonding and with timber supporting the upper air layer.
1

INTRODUCTION

Recently, the public demands for comfortable living environments have increased. Someof the factors that degrade the quality of the environment are noise from aircrafts, road traffic,
railways, industries, and neighbors [1–7]. On the other hand, materials available for buildinga resource-recycling society are required to be developed in order to decrease the greenhousegases emitted as a result of the construction of buildings [8–12]. Wood is one of the most
eco-friendly materials.
Since the composition of wooden buildings is usually very complex and their physicalcharacteristics are not uniform, it is very difficult to theoretically estimate the transmission
loss and the impact sound insulation of the composite wooden materials. Thus, in order toknow the practical transmission loss and impact sound insulationvalues, the measurement ofsound insulation performance of real size materials is useful [13].

aEmail address: nakamra@kmt-iri.go.jp      

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In the present study, the sound insulation performance of various three-layered walls andfloors was measured in reverberation rooms, and the effects of various components on thesound insulation performance are discussed.
2

METHOD

2.1 Measurement of sound insulation performance of test walls

The test materials included a conventionally constructed wall and three-layered walls, as
shown in Table 1. The conventionally constructed wall consisted of a 12.5-mm plasterboard,
105-mm air layer in which a polystyrene form was incorporated, and 9-mm lauan plywood.
Twelve types of three-layered walls—with three types of structures, structure I (12-mm cedar
plywood + 105-mm air layer + 24-mm cedar plywood + 66-mm air layer + 12-mm cedar
plywood), structure II (12-mm cedar plywood + 66-mm air layer + 24-mm cedar plywood +66-mm air layer + 12-mm cedar plywood), and structure III (12-mm cedar plywood + 66-mm
air layer + 12-mm cedar plywood + 66-mm air layer + 12-mm cedar plywood), with andwithout glass wool and with and without an outlet hole—were used.
Table.1 Conditions of wall materials
Surface material(mm)

Upper air-layer
thickness(mm)

1 12.5 Plaster-board

105mm䇭Air-layer

2 12.5 Plaster-board

105mm䇭Air-layer

No.

Center material

Lower air-layer
thickness(mm)

50䌴 Polystyrene-form
inserted
50䌴 Polystyrene-form
inserted

Back material(mm)

Outlethole

Specific
density㧔kg/ট㧕
ট㧕

9 Plywood

No

20.7

9 Plywood

Yes

20.7

3

12 Cedar-plywood

105G䌗( No insertion )24 Cedar-plywood

66

12 Cedar-plywood

No

31.7

4

12 Cedar-plywood

105G䌗( No insertion )24 Cedar-plywood

66

12 Cedar-plywood

Yes

31.7

5

12 Cedar-plywood

105G䌗( insertion )24 Cedar-plywood

66

12 Cedar-plywood

No

33.5

6

12 Cedar-plywood

105G䌗( insertion )24 Cedar-plywood

66

12 Cedar-plywood

Yes

33.5

7

12 Cedar-plywood

66G䌗( No insertion )24 Cedar-plywood

66

12 Cedar-plywood

No

30.0

8

12 Cedar-plywood

66G䌗( No insertion )24 Cedar-plywood

66

12 Cedar-plywood

Yes

30.0

9

12 Cedar-plywood

66G䌗( insertion )24 Cedar-plywood

66

12 Cedar-plywood

No

31.7

10 12 Cedar-plywood

66G䌗( insertion )24 Cedar-plywood

66

12 Cedar-plywood

Yes

31.7

11 12 Cedar-plywood

66G䌗( No insertion )12 Cedar-plywood

66

12 Cedar-plywood

No

22.2

12 12 Cedar-plywood

66G䌗( No insertion )12 Cedar-plywood

66

12 Cedar-plywood

Yes

22.2

13 12 Cedar-plywood

66G䌗( insertion )12 Cedar-plywood

66

12 Cedar-plywood

No

23.7

14 12 Cedar-plywood

66G䌗( insertion )12 Cedar-plywood

66

12 Cedar-plywood

Yes

23.7

The reverberation rooms at the Kumamoto University were used for performing themeasurements. As shown in Fig.1, these included an upper reverberation room 㧔179㨙3㧕
and a lower reverberation room 㧔98㨙3㧕 divided by a floor slab with a thickness of 24 cm
and an open area of 2 m × 3 m. The measurement of the airborne sound insulation
performance of the test material was conducted following ISO 140-1 standard by setting threepanels of size 910 mm × 1820 mm in the open area.

 

The test materials included three-layered walls constructed as shown in Fig. 2 under theconditions listed in Table 1. The gaps between the panes were sealed with oil clay. The soundpressure levels over one-third octave bands were simultaneously measured with five
microphones in the upper and lower reverberation rooms by generating white noise in thelower room. The setup of the microphones and a loud speaker is illustrated in Fig. 3.
The airborne sound insulation performance was evaluated according to ISO 717-1
standard. Sound transmission loss was calculated from the average sound pressure levels inboth the rooms and the amount of sound absorption in the upper room
Plywood

Glass wool
910

12
105
219
24
66
12
30

410

30

Fig.2 Cross-section of three-layered wall




410

30

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

2.2 Measurement of impact sound pressure levels of test floors

The test floors included a conventionally constructed floor and three-layered floors, as
shown in Table 2. Twelve types of three-layered floors were used for the measurement: threematerials supporting the surface (40 mm × 40 mm timber and porous rubber with filling rates
of 63% and 67%), two joist intervals of 43 mm × 240 mm (Structure I: 433.5 mm andStructure II: 289 mm), and with and without a carbon fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP) plate.
Porous rubber was produced by crushing tires into particles, bolting them and forming
trapezoids at the filling rates of 63% and 67%. The CFRP plate was 2 mm in thickness and
100 mm × 1400 mm in size was bonded to the bottom of the floor in order to increase thestiffness of the floor. The tensile strength was 1200 N/mm2, and the tensile elastic modulus
was 450 kN/mm2.

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Table.2 Condition of floor materials
Upper air-layer
thickness㧔 mm㧕㧕Centermaterial
㧔mm㧕㧕

Lower air-layer
thickness
(mm㧕
㧕

Back
material

Reinforcement28

㧙

Usual style

43×24028

㧙GW32K50t

433.5

43×24028

CFRP Plate

GW32K50t

433.5

43×24028

㧙GW32K50t

433.5

43×24028

CFRP Plate

GW32K50t

433.5

12

43×24028

㧙GW32K50t

433.5

12

43×24028

CFRP Plate

GW32K50t

433.5

60㧔No rubber㧕

12

43×24028

㧙GW32K50t

289

60㧔No rubber㧕

12

43×24028

CFRP Plate

GW32K50t

289

15㧗24

60㧗Rubber㧝

12

43×24028

㧙GW32K50t

289

15㧗24

60㧗Rubber㧝

12

43×24028

CFRP Plate

GW32K50t

289

12

15㧗24

60㧗Rubber㧞

12

43×24028

㧙GW32K50t

289

13

15㧗24

60㧗Rubber㧞

12

43×24028

CFRP Plate

GW32K50t

289

No

Surfacematerial

1

15㧗24

2

15㧗24

60㧔No rubber㧕

12

3

15㧗24

60㧔No rubber㧕

12

4

15㧗24

60㧗Rubber㧝

12

5

15㧗24

60㧗Rubber㧝

12

6

15㧗24

60㧗Rubber㧞

7

15㧗24

60㧗Rubber㧞

8

15㧗24

9

15㧗24

10
11

12

60

15.9
52.2
54.3
52.9
54.5
53.8
55.4
58.2
59.8
58.9
60.5
59.8
61.4

12 24

15
1820
60

43

30

28

Specific
density㧔kg/ট㧕
ট㧕

B

379
240

AbsorbingMaterial
soundinterval
Material

283.3
60

Plywood

390.5

910

283.3

43
B - B'

60
283.3

CFRP Plate

Glass wool

390.5

A

A'

30

60

43

30

60
292

B'

60

293

60
295

60
295

60
293

60
292

15

60

30

60
24 12
379
240

Plywood

CFRP Plate

28

A - A'

Fig.4 Cross-section of three-layered floor
The tested floor materials were three-layered floorboards that were constructed as
illustrated in Fig. 4 under the conditions listed in Table 2. The clearances between adjacenttest boards and that between the test board and the open area were sealed with oil clay toeliminate any open clearances. An impact was provided by a tapping machine (lightweightfloor impact sound source: RION FI-01 type) at the center point, as shown in Fig. 3. The
impact sound was measured by the five microphones that were set in the second reverberation
room, and then, a one-third octave band analysis was performed using a multi-channel
analytical processor (RION Signal Analyzer SA-01). Fig. 3 indicates the location of thetested floorboards, sound receiving microphones, and impact sound generator used in thesetests. The floors impact sound insulation performance was evaluated on the basis of ISO 7172 standard.

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3     



SOUND INSULATION PERFORMANCE OF TEST WALLS

3.1 Effects of glass wool and outlet holes on sound insulation performance of Structure I

With regard to the investigation of the effects of glass wool insertion and presence of anoutlet hole in Structure I (the walls having the 105-mm air layer on one side of the threelayered wall), Table 3 presents the weighted sound transmission loss (hereinafter referred toas Rw), grade of sound insulation (hereinafter referred to as Rr), and average soundtransmission loss on the basis of an arithmetic mean calculated in the frequency range of 100
Hz to 2.5 kHz (hereinafter referred to as Rm(1/3)), and Fig. 5 indicates the frequency and thegrade (grade curve) of the air sound insulation performance. The Rw, Rr, and Rm(1/3) values of
the wall material that was fabricated using the conventional construction method are also
indicated; this material was used as a control material for the purpose of comparison with thewall materials developed in this research.
Table.3 Sound insulation indices of walls withconventional structure, Structure I and ALC150

Sample No
No.1
No.2
No.3
No.4
No.5
No.6
ALC150Rw

Rr

R m(1/3)

38
39
38
39
41
41
40

30
30
30
30
35
35
30

35
34
35
35
38
38
39

R r-6070

Sound transmission loss [dB]

R r-55
R r-5060

R r-45
R r-4050

R r-35
R r-30

40
No.1
No.2
No.3
No.4
No.5
No.6

30
20
10
125

250

500 1000 2000 4000

Center frequency [Hz]Fig.5 Effect of glass wool and outlet hole on soundinsulation for Structure I (12mm plywood+105mm airlayer+24mm plywood+66mm air+12mm plywood) 

The insertion of a porous material such as glass wool into an air layer generally tends toimprove the sound insulation performance. It can be observed from Table 2 that Rw, Rr, andRm(1/3) values of wall No. 3 with no outlet hole and no glass wool are 38, 30, and 35 dB,
respectively, while those of wall No. 5 with glass wool are 41, 35, and 38 dB, respectively,
where the Rr value is one grade higher and both the Rw and Rm(1/3) values are 3 dB higher. In
the same manner, the Rw, Rr, and Rm(1/3) values of wall No. 4 with the outlet hole and no glass
wool are 39, 30, and 35 dB, respectively, while those of wall No. 6 with glass wool are 41, 30,
and 38 dB, respectively, where the Rr value is the same as that of wall No. 4. However, theRw and Rm(1/3) values are 2 dB and 3 dB higher, respectively. In both the cases, the effect ofglass wool insertion is established.
Regarding the effect of the outlet hole on the sound insulation performance, the Rw, Rr,
and Rm(1/3) values of wall No. 1, a conventional wall without an outlet hole, are 38, 30 and 35
dB, respectively, while those of wall No. 2, a conventional wall with an outlet hole, are 39,
30 and 34 dB, respectively. There is almost no difference between the two sets of results.
Because a polystyrene form was precisely incorporated in the panel and the gap was small,the outlet hole did not degrade the sound insulation performance.
The coincidence critical frequency fc was 2323 Hz for the 9-mm lauan plywood, 1956 Hz
for the12-mm cedar plywood, 978 Hz for the 24-mm cedar plywood and 3493 Hz for theplasterboard. In Fig. 5, walls No. 1 and No. 2 exhibit a dip in the sound insulation
performance in the frequency range of 2000 Hz to 4000 Hz. This is consistent with thecalculated value. On the other hand, clear reductions in sound insulation performance by thecoincidence effect were not found in the 2000-Hz frequency range for the three-layered wallwith plywoods of different thicknesses.
While the calculated resonance frequency of the conventionally constructed wall in the
low frequency range was 115 Hz, the measured one was 125 Hz that was close to thecalculated value.
The sound insulation performances of walls No. 3 and No. 4, both with no glass wool,
were compared.
It can be observed from Table 2 that the Rw, Rr, and Rm(1/3) values of wall No. 3 with nooutlet hole are 38, 30, and 35 dB, respectively, while those of wall No. 4 are 39, 30, and 35
dB, respectively, where only 1 dB difference in the Rw value is observed. It is evident from
Fig. 5 that such a decrease in the sound insulation performance, as that observed in the caseof the conventional wall with the outlet hole, was not observed in the high frequency range,
except for a 2 dB difference at 200 Hz, and the performances overlapped over almost theentire frequency range. Though the 2 dB decrease was observed in the 200-Hz band, adecrease in the sound insulation performance in the high frequency range was not observed.
This might have occurred because the incident sound through the outlet hole was insulated by
the middle panel of the three-layered wall.
The sound insulation performances of walls No. 5 and No. 6, both with glass wool, werecompared. It can be observed from Table 2 that the Rw, Rr, and Rm(1/3) values of wall No. 5
with no outlet hole are 41, 35, and 38 dB, respectively, while those of wall No. 6 with theoutlet hole are 41, 35, and 38 dB, respectively. The decrease in the sound insulation
performance in the high frequency range due to the outlet hole, as that observed in the case of
the conventional wall, was not observed, and the performance was consistent over almost theentire frequency range. Rm(1/3) value of 38 dB was the highest among the Rm(1/3) values of thewall materials developed in this research.

3.2 Effects of wall structure on sound insulation performance      



Fig. 6 compares the frequency characteristics, grades (grade curves), air sound insulation
performances, and the mass law for the following materials under the conditions of glass
wool insertion and fabrication of the outlet hole: conventionally constructed wall No. 2 withthe outlet hole, wall No. 6 (Structure I) composed of 12-mm cedar plywood + 105-mm airlayer + 24-mm cedar plywood + 66-mm air layer + 12-mm cedar plywood with glass wool
and the outlet hole, wall No. 10 (Structure II) composed of 12-mm cedar plywood + 66-mm
air layer + 24-mm cedar plywood + 66-mm air layer + 12-mm cedar plywood with glass wool
and the outlet hole, wall No. 14 (Structure III) composed of 12-mm cedar plywood + 66-mm
air layer + 12-mm cedar plywood + 66-mm air layer + 12-mm cedar plywood with glass wool
and the outlet hole, and 150-mm thick ALC wall14) that is widely used as a partition wall inapartments.

R r-6070

R r-55
R r-50Sound transmission loss [dB]60

R r-45
R r-4050

R r-35
R r-30

40
30
No.2
No.6
No.10
No.14
No.2-ML
No.6-ML
No.10-ML
No.14-ML
ALC150mm
ALC-ML20
10
0

125 250 500 1000 2000 4000

Center frequency [Hz]Fig.6 Comparison of sound transmission losses among
conventional structure, Structures I, II, and III

As per the mass law, the sound insulation performances of Structure I (No. 6), Structure II(No. 10), Structure III (No. 14), and 150-mm ALC wall were 4, 4, 1, and 12 dB higher thanthat of the conventionally constructed wall (No. 2).
As shown in Fig. 6, it is evident that the three-layered walls developed in the present
study demonstrated a higher performance over the entire frequency range than theconventionally constructed wall (No. 2) whose Rw, Rr, and Rm(1/3) values were 39, 30, and 34
dB, respectively.
A low Rr value of 30 was a result of the measured values being less than those obtained
from the grade curve of Rr-35 at 160, 200, and 2,000 Hz. In addition, the sound insulation
performance of the conventionally constructed wall decreased in the frequency range of
2,000 to 4,000 Hz because of the coincidence effect, although this frequency range was notincluded in the grade curve.

 

On the contrary, the Rw, Rr, and Rm(1/3) values of Structure I (No. 6) were 41, 35, and 38
dB, respectively, and they were 2 dB, 1 grade, and 4 dB higher than those of wall No. 2. The
Rw, Rr, and Rm(1/3) values of Structure II (No. 10) were 42 dB, 35, and 38 dB; this structure
demonstrated the best performance among the test materials.
However, the sound insulation performance of Structure II (No. 10) was lesser than thatof Structure I (No. 6) over the frequency range higher than 1,000 Hz. The Rw, Rr, and Rm(1/3)
values of Structure III (No. 14) were 41 dB, 35, and 37 dB, respectively. Though the Rw value
was 1 dB less than that of Structure II (No. 10), the Rr and Rm(1/3) values were the same as
those of Structure II (No. 10).
The surface mass m of the 150-mm ALC wall was 75 kg/m2, i.e. more than double thesurface mass of the wall composed of the test materials. Thus, the sound insulation
performance as per the mass law was 12 dB higher than that of the conventionallyconstructed wall, and the Rm(1/3) value was 39 dB.
However, the sound insulation performance of the 150-mm ALC wall decreased due tothe coincidence effect around the 400-Hz band. As a result, the Rr value was 30, although the
150-mm ALC wall was heavier.
4

FLOOR IMPACT SOUND PRESSURE LEVEL

4.1 Structure I

Table 4 presents the weighted impact sound pressure level (hereinafter referred to as Ln,W,
the grade of the impact sound pressure level (hereinafter referred to as Lr), and the Aweighted impact sound pressure level (hereinafter referred to as Li,AW for the following floor
materials impacted by a tapping machine: a conventionally constructed floor (No. 1); a floor
with 60 mm × 60 mm joists to support the surface floor board (No. 2); floors with porous
rubber (No. 4 and No. 6); and floors with CFRP plates bonded to the lower surface of floor
No. 2, No. 4, and No. 6 (No. 3, No. 5, and No. 7, respectively). Figure 7 illustrates therelation between the frequency characteristics of Ln,W and Lr.
Table.4 Weighted normalized impact soundpressure level by lightweight floor impact source

Sample No.
No.1
No.2
No.3
No.4
No.5
No.6
No.7

L n,W

Lr

L i,A W

93
79
81
69
72
71
72

85
80
80
70
70
70
70

90
76
77
66
68
67
68




     

Level of lightweight floor impact sound [dB] 

100

80

60

40

20

No.1
No.2
No.3
No.4
No.5
No.6
No.7

L r-85
L r-80
L r-75
L r-70
L r-65
L r-60
L r-55
L r-50
L r-45
L r-40
L r-35
L r-30
L r-2563 125 250 500 1000 2000 4000

Center frequency [Hz]Fig.7 Lightweight floor impact sound pressure level for
floors with joist interval of 433.5mm

4.1.1

Effects of supporting materials in the upper air layer

It can be observed from Table 4 and Fig. 7 that the floor impact sound pressure level forthe conventionally constructed floor (No. 1) is higher over the entire frequency range,
particularly in the frequency range higher than 250 Hz, than the floor impact sound pressurelevel of the other floors. The Ln,W, Lr, and Li,AW values of floor No. 1 are 93 dB, 85, and 90 dB,
respectively. On the other hand, a remarkable decrease in the Ln,W value over a frequency of
125 Hz or more is observed for floor No. 2 whose Ln,W, Lr, and Li,AW values are 79 dB, 80,
and 76 dB, respectively, and these are 14 dB, 1 grade, and 14 dB lower than those of floor No.
1
The impact sound level of three-layered floors No. 4 and No. 6 with the porous rubbermaterial is discussed. Floor No. 4 had the porous rubber with the filling rate of 63%, while
floor No. 6 had the porous rubber with the filling rate of 67%.
It is evident from Fig. 7 that the tested floors with the porous rubber exhibited lower
impact sound levels over the entire frequency range than floor No. 2 with joists as well as theconventionally constructed floor No. 1. For instance, the Ln,W, Lr and Li,AW values of floor No.
4 are 69 dB, 70, and 66 dB, respectively, i.e., 10 dB, 2 grades, and 10 dB lower than those offloor No. 2 and 14 dB, 3 grades, and 24 dB lower than those of floor No. 1, respectively.
Comparing the effects of the filling rate on the sound insulation performances of floors
No. 4 and No. 6, it was found that floor No. 4 having the porous rubber with the lower fillingrate demonstrated a better sound insulation performance. The result supports the fact that thefrequency at which the maximum floor impact sound level caused by hard and light impact
sounds such as tapping machine is generated moves to a lower frequency range as the floor
finish becomes softer9). However, a combination of the filling rate, spring constant, etc. isrequired to be discussed for a further comprehensive understanding.

 

Effects of CFRP plate
The Ln,w, Lr and Li,AW values of three-layered floor No. 2 with 60 mm × 60 mm joists were
79 dB, 80, and 76 dB, respectively, while those of floor No. 3 bonded to floor No. 2 with the
CFRP plates were 81 dB, 80, and 77 dB, respectively. The results indicate that attaching the
CFRP plates did not improve the sound insulation performance.
The sound insulation performance of three-layered floors No. 4 and No. 6 with the porous
rubbers and three-layered floors No. 5 and No. 7 bonded to floors No. 4 and No. 6 with the
CFRP plates are discussed. The Ln,W, Lr, and Li,AW values of floor No. 4 were 69 dB, 70, and66 dB, respectively, while those of floor No. 5 were 72 dB, 70, and 68 dB, respectively. This
indicated that even when the CFRP plates were used, the sound insulation performance of thefloors did not improve. In addition, the Ln,W, Lr, and Li,AW values of floor No. 6 were 71 dB,
70, and 67 dB, respectively, while those of floor No. 7 were 72 dB, 70, and 68 dB,
respectively. This also indicated no effect of CFRP plates on the sound insulation
performance.
4.1.2

4.2 Structure II

In order to investigate the effects of the rigidity of floor material on the impact soundpressure level, the Ln,W, Lr, and Li,AW values of floors with the joist interval of 289 mm (floor
Nos. 8–13) are compared in Table5. The frequency characteristics of these impact soundpressure levels and Lr are illustrated in Fig. 8.
Table.5 Weighted normalized impact soundpressure level by lightweight floor impact source

Sample No.
No.1
No.8
No.9
No.10
No.11
No.12
No.13

L n,W

Lr

L i,A W

93
82
79
76
75
74
75

85
85
80
75
70
75
70

90
79
76
70
69
71
70




      



Level of lightweight floor impact sound [dB]

100

80

60

40

No.1
No.8
No.9
No.10
No.11
No.12
No.13

20

L r-85
L r-80
L r-75
L r-70
L r-65
L r-60
L r-55
L r-50
L r-45
L r-40
L r-35
L r-30
L r-2563 125 250 500 1000 2000 4000

Center frequency [Hz]Fig.8 Lightweight floor impact sound pressure level for
floors with joist interval of 289mm

4.2.1

Effects of supporting materials in the upper air layer

From Table 5 and Fig. 8, it can be observed that the lightweight floor impact soundpressure level of the conventionally constructed floor No. 1 is high over the entire frequency
range. On the other hand, though the impact sound pressure level of three-layered floor No. 8
with joists is higher at 250 Hz band than the other three-layered floors, the sound insulation
performance over the remaining frequency range is almost the same as that of the other threelayered floors. For example, the Ln,W, Lr, and Li,AW values of the conventionally constructed
floor No. 1 are 93 dB, 85 or higher, and 90 dB, respectively, while those of floor No. 8 are 82
dB, 85, and 79 dB, respectively, and the Ln,W and Li,AW values are both 11 dB higher thanthose of No. 1.
The sound insulation performance of three-layered floors No. 10 and No. 12 with theporous rubbers is discussed. Floor No. 10 had the porous rubber with the filling rate of 63%,
and floor No. 12 had the porous rubber with the filling rate of 67%.
It is evident from Fig. 8 that the lightweight floor impact sound pressure levels of thetested floors with the rubbers improved over frequencies higher than 250 Hz than those of theconventionally constructed floor No. 1 and floor No. 8 with joists. As a result, the Ln,W, Lr,
and Li,AW values of three-layered floor No. 8 were 82 dB, 85, and 79 dB, those of floor No. 10
were 76 dB, 75, and 70 dB, and those of floor No. 12 were 75 dB, 70, and 70 dB, respectively.
The Ln,W, Lr, and Li,AW values of floor No. 10 were 76 dB, 75, and 70 dB, and 17 dB, 3 gradesor more, and 20 dB higher than those of floor No.1, respectively.
This implies that the three-layered floors with the rubbers are more advantageous in
improving the lightweight floor impact sound pressure levels than the conventionallyconstructed floor.



4.2.2

 

Effects of CFRP plate

From Table 5 and Fig. 8, the Ln,W, Lr, and Li,AW values of three-layered floor No. 8 are 82
dB, 85, and 79 dB, respectively, and those of floor No. 9 bonded to floor No. 8 with the
CFRP plates are 79 dB, 80 and 76 dB, respectively. In this case, the sound insulation
performance is improved, in contrast to that of Structure I.
The sound insulation performances of three-layered floors No. 11 and No. 13 bonded tofloors No. 10 and No. 12 with the CFRP plates are discussed.
The Ln,W, Lr, and Li,AW values of floor No. 10 were 76 dB, 75, and 70 dB, respectively.
Floor No. 11 bonded to floor No. 10 with CFRP plates exhibited a reduction in the floor
impact sound pressure level in the frequency range over 500 Hz, and the Ln,W, Lr, and Li,AW
values were 75 dB, 70, and 69 dB, respectively, which was further improved than that offloor No. 10. In the same manner, the Ln,W, Lr and Li,AW values of floor No. 12 were 74 dB, 75,
and 71 dB, respectively, while those of floor No. 13 bonded to floor No. 12 with CFRP plates
were 75 dB, 70, and 70 dB, respectively. The Ln,W values was 1dB less than that of floor
No.12. However, a reduction in the floor impact sound level was observed in the frequency
range over 500 Hz in the same manner as that observed in the case of floor No. 10. The Lr,
Li,AW, and floor impact sound pressure level over a 63-Hz band were 1 grade, 1dB, and 12 dBlower than those of floor 12.

4.3 Effects of joist interval

From Tables 4 and 5 and Figs. 7 and 8, on comparing the floor impact sound pressurelevels of the floors with joists between Structure I (joist interval: 433.5 mm) and Structure II(289 mm), the Ln,W, Lr, and Li,AW values of floor No. 2 (Structure I) are 79 dB, 80, and 76 dB,
respectively, while those of floor No. 8 (Structure II) are 82 dB, 85, and 79 dB, respectively.
This indicates the degradation in the performance of floor No. 8. On the other hand, the Ln,W,
Lr, and Li,AW values of floor No. 3 (Structure I) with the CFRP plates are 81 dB, 80, and 77
dB, respectively, while those of floor No. 9 (Structure II) are 79 dB, 80, and 76 dB,
respectively, indicating an improvement in the Ln,W and Li,AW values.
The sound insulation performance of the floors having the porous rubber with the fillingrate of 63% was compared between the joist intervals in the lower layer. The Ln,W, Lr, and
Li,AW values of floor No. 4 (Structure I) were 69 dB, 70, and 66 dB, respectively, while thoseof floor No. 10 (Structure II) were 76 dB, 75, and 70 dB, respectively. Reducing the joist
interval degraded the sound insulation performance. In the case of the CFRP plates bonding
under the above-mentioned conditions, the Ln,W, Lr, and Li,AW values of floor No. 5 (StructureI) were 72 dB, 70, and 68 dB, respectively, while those of floor No. 11 (Structure II) were 75
dB, 70, and 69 dB, respectively, revealing the degradation in the sound insulation
performance.
In the case of the floors having the porous rubber with the filling rate of 67%, the Ln,W, Lr,
and Li,AW values of floor No. 6 (Structure I) were 71 dB, 70, and 67 dB, respectively, while
those of floor No. 12 (Structure II) were 74 dB, 75, and 71 dB, respectively, indicating thedegradation in the sound insulation performance. In the case of floors with the CFRP plates
bonding under the above-mentioned conditions, the Ln,W, Lr, and Li,AW values of floor No. 7(Structure I) were 72 dB, 70, and 68 dB, respectively, while those of floor No. 13 (StructureII) were 75 dB, 70, and 70 dB, respectively, again indicating a degradation. The results imply
that the lightweight impact sound pressure level was higher when the girder space wasnarrow than when the porous rubber was used
5

CONCLUSIONSThe present study is summarized as follows:      



(1)The newly developed three-layered walls demonstrated a better sound insulation
performance over a wide frequency range than the conventionally constructed wall. The
coincidence effect was not found.
(2)When glass wool was inserted in one of the two air layers in the three-layered walls, theRw, Rr, and Rm(1/3) values obtained were clearly greater than those obtained without theglass wool.
(3)The outlet holes did not decrease the sound insulation performance of the three-layered
walls.
(4)In the case of the joist interval of 433.5 mm in the lower air layer of the developed floors,
the lightweight impact sound insulation of the three-layered floors with rubber
supporting the upper air layer was better than that with timber supporting the upper air
layer; this, in turn, was better than the performance of the conventionally constructed
floor.
(5)In the case of the joist interval of 433.5 mm in the lower air layer of the developed floors,
the lightweight impact sound insulation decreased when a CFRP plate was bonded to thelower surface of the floor.
(6)In the case of the joist interval of 289 mm in the lower air layer of the developed floors,
the lightweight impact sound insulation of the three-layered floors with rubber
supporting the upper air layer was systematically better than that with timber supporting
the upper air layer, although the trend was not so clear as that observed in the case of thejoist interval of 433.5 mm.
(7)In the case of the joist interval of 289 mm in the lower air layer of the developed floors,when a CFRP plate was bonded to the lower surface of the floor, the impact soundinsulation was improved only in the case of timber supporting the upper air layer.
(8)When the joist interval of the lower air layer was changed from 433.5 mm to 289 mm,
the impact sound insulation decreased, except in the case of the floor with the CFRP
plate bonding and with timber supporting the upper air layer.
6

REFERENCES

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

S. Kimura and Y. Mitsuda, “Actual State and Evaluation of Inhabitant Noise inMultifamily Dwelling,” Architectural Acoustics and Noise Control, 21(1),39–
46,(1978)S. Kimura, K. Inoue, M. So and k. Fujisawa, “Analysis of Occupancy Evaluation
and Behaviour as to Multi-Family Dwelling Sound environment,” Journal ofArchitecture, Planning and Environmental Engineering. Transactions of AIJ, 466, 18(1994)
K. Izumi, T. Yano and T. Yamashita, “Social Surveys on Road Traffic Noise in
Hokkaido and Kyusyu: Cross-regional comparison of community response to roadtraffic noise Part 1,” Journal of Architecture, Planning and Environmental
Engineering. Transactions of AIJ, 442, 1-7(1992)
T. Yamashita, T. Yano, K. Izumi and K. Kurosawa, Multivariate Analysis on
Community Response to Road Traffic Noise in Hokkaido and Kyusyu: Crossregional comparison of community response to road traffic noise Part 2,” Journal ofArchitecture, Planning and Environmental Engineering. Transactions of AIJ, 451, 918(1993)
K. Inoue and K. Miyao, “Present Situation on Sound Insulation of Wood-framed
House and steel-framed House,” Journal of Architectural Acoustics and NoiseControl, 113(1),3–8,(2000)
N. Tanaka, “On Noise Cases about Houses,” Architectural Acoustics and NoiseControl, 119(3),28–36,(2002) 

[7]

T. Takahashi, “Science and Technology of Wood -3.Livability -” Report of
Research Subcommittee Meeting of the Japan Wood Research Society,267281(1989)[8] A. Takakusagi, “Study on Relationship Between Energy Saving at Building
Facilities and Carbon Tax,” Journal of Architecture, Planning and Environmental
Engineering. Transactions of AIJ, 526, 43-50(1999)[9] T. Igarashi and N. Kanou, “Basic Study Economical Assessment of Housing
Production System for Sustainable Society,” Journal of Architecture, Planning andEnvironmental Engineering. Transactions of AIJ, 555, 279-286(2002)[10] J. Eto, T. Kusuda, T. Hisaba, To. Koyama, R. Kondo, T. Shimaoka and H.
Nakayama “Continuation urban architecture system study series: Resource
circulation reproduction study- Correspondence of resource dryness to Kon
futuristic-, gihodosyuppan, 120-131,(2008)


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