Linking
Liki REDD+REDD withi h SFM:SFM TheTh REDD+REDD
Readiness process in Zambia
Presentedd by:b
Deuteronomy Kasaro
NATIONAL REDD+ COORDINATOR
deutkas@yahoo.co.uk

Contents• Forest Resources in Zambia• REDD+ Readiness process• Main Achievements– Understanding the Drivers of Deforestation and Economic
Context of REDD+– Monitoring, Reporting and Verification– Governance Frameworks and Institutional Arrangements
g– Roadmap Towards National REDD Strategy• Challenges• Lessons Learned

Forest Resources in Zambia• Zambia surface land area is 752,614Km2• Forests cover about 49.9 million ha (66% of landcover),• The forest vegetation
gtype
yp is mainlyy Miombo ((Semi‐evergreen forests); Baikiaea, Munga, Mopane,Kalahari woodlands ((Deciduous Forests),), Ripian,p ,Swap, Parinari, Itigi, Lake basin Chipya (Evergreenforests), Termitary associated bushes (Shrubthickets), grasslands, wooded grasslands.
• Plantations cover about 61,000,
ha ( 7,000,ha byy theForestry Department and 50,000 ha under ZAFFICO,
the rest byy communities, farmers, schools etc.))• 2.9 billion m3 of growing stockWhat drives Deforestation in Zambia
Agriculture
Expansion
Infrastructure
Developmentand Mining

Settlement(In--Migrations)(InWood extraction(Livelihood))(Livelihoodand Commercial

Late Forest Fires

Charcoalproduction

Zambia Land‐cover Map 2010

REDD+ and SFM• REDD+: Policy approaches and positive incentives
on issues relating to reducing emissions fromdeforestation and forest degradation indevelopingp g countries;; and the role ofconservation, sustainable management of forestsand enhancement of forest carbon stocks ind l i countries
developingi• SFM (Sustainable forest management): as adynamic and evolving concept, is intended tomaintain and enhance the economic,economic social andenvironmental value of all types of forests, for thebenefit of present and future generations.
(United Nations GA 2008)

LINKING REDD+ AND SFM

Implementation Arrangements for UN-REDD and ILUA II in Zambia

Joint Steering Committee (REDD+ILUA II)- Related Government Ministries ((MTENR, MoL, MAC, CSO, MFNP,ECZ, ZAWA), Donors, FAO, CSOs, Universities

REDD/ILUA Technical Committee-Inter-sectoral technical advisors to supportPMU-(FD, PID, ENR, CCFU, SD, MACO, ZAWA,
UNZA ECZ)UNZA,-FAO ILUA II Programme Officer

Forestry Department
Director of Forestry
Chief Extension Officer

TechnicalCooperation
with other keystakeholders

PEO – FDHQs

Forest Management and Extension Unit (PMU)
Programme Facilitation/Technical Unit

MLNREP
Information
Management
Systems

National Project
jCoordinator
ILUA II,

National Projectj
Coordinator/REDD+
1. Ministry of Lands/mapping
2. National RS Center•Field multi-source inventory, database, RS & socio-economy/governance•Technical Staff + consultant team
•Administration of the project (UN-REDD + ILUA II)
ProjectOfficer

MIS/Datamanagement anddisseminationOutput 1

ProjectOfficer

Field multi-source
inventory, mapping
Output 2

ProjectOfficer

ProjectOfficer

ReferenceEmission
Level (REL)
Outcome 6

RS Forest Land
Monitoring
Outcome 5

Project
Officer

Strategy and Capacity
Development
Outcome 1-3

REDD+ Specifications
PrinciplespScope
p of REDD+

Safeguardsg Consistent Country‐driven
 National
circumstances ConsistentC i t t with
ithNational
development goals
 Consistent withadaptation needs
 Equitable
E it bl etc.
tfinancing Results‐based

 Reduce
Deforestation

 Transparent
p&Effective Governance Reduce ForestDegradationd i Rights of local
CCommunities
iti Conservation ofForests

 Stakeholder
Participationp Sustainable Forestmanagement

 Biodiversity
conservation andmanagement

 Enhancement ofCarbon stocks

 Ensure minimum riskfor Reversals
 Avoid Displacement

UN‐REDD PROGRAMMEPROGRAMME GOAL:
To Prepare Zambian institutions and stakeholders for
effective nationwide implementation of REDD+mechanism
PROGRAMME DURATION: THREE (3)YEARSAPPROVED BUDGET: US$4.49$
Millionll
IMPLEMENTING AGENT:
Ministry of Lands, Natural Resources
Environmental Protection (MLNREP)
LEAD AGENT: Forestry Department
TECHNICAL SUPPORT: UNDP, FAO and UNEP

andObjectivesi.

Build institutional and stakeholder capacity toimplement REDD+ii. Develop an enabling policy environment forREDD+iii Developiii.
D l REDD+
REDD benefit‐sharingbfit h i models
d liv. Develop Monitoring, Reporting and Verification(MRV) systems for REDD+ILUA II
• A multi‐sector programme aimed at capturing accurate and timely
information regarding the state and extent of forest resources
combined with livelihood aspects for integrated land management
planning in Zambia• Funding from the Government of the Republic of Finland (4 millionEuro) and the Government of the Republic of Zambia (US 200,000and in‐kind)• Technical support fromfFAO• 5 year program 2010 to 2015
• Closelyy integratedgand implementedpwith UN‐REDD

Biophysical inventory design

ILUA IILUA II

 Sample at an intensity that provides good statistical estimates ofvolume and biomass for major forest types at the provincial level Sample across variations in forest canopy cover (within ForestTypes) caused by disturbances, degradation, and ecologicalconditions (Emission Factors for Forest Lands)
 Measure all biophysical elements (timber resources, biomass,
agricultural data) that are important for land‐use
land use planning inZambia
 IPCC forest carbon pools

The REDD+ readiness process
Drivers

Strategic Options

Scenarios andTargets
REDD+ Strategy
Investment plan

Social andEnvironmental
Safeguards
Financialmechanismh i andd
governancemeasuresNational forest
monitoringsystem

Measurementpg andReporting
Verification
Safeguard
Information
SystemNational REDD+ Strategy Development Process
Analytical work to facilitate understanding of
the real issues and options available (problemanalysis)
Identify the options available to reduce
deforestation which is based on the studies
and national circumstances
Define the roles and responsibilities of
stakeholders including measurable
contribution to reducing deforestation
Set the national vision on how to address
drivers of deforestation through stakeholder
consultations
Develop a National Strategy and Investment
plan

Main achievements

DriversDi
off
Deforestationand EconomicContext ofREDD+ Drivers of deforestation study
completed highlighting the maincauses of deforestation andforest degradation.
degradation AgroAgro‐ecological regions wereconsidered in the study An Economic Context of REDD+(Opportunity costs) has been
completedcompleted.
This will help
identify options for REDD+Land Coverpp g forMappingZambia

 The programme has completed Land cover mapping for1990 2000 and 2010.
1990,
2010 Forestry Department,Department National
Remote Sensing Centre, Surveyor General and Regional
Center for Mapping of Resources for Development
worked together.
g Provide accurate measure for GHG inventory, Land CoverChange, Setting the Reference Emission Level andenhancement of forest inventory results Eleven (11) Geographical Information System (GIS) Units
set‐up in all the provinces and 1 at Headquarters inLusaka. Multi‐sectoral teams trained in GHG accounting
and methodology, data collection

ForestMonitoring
System Study on Carbon Stock Assessment for Zambia
completed Forest Inventory in process under ILUA II to collect datafor all carbon pools of carbon
 MRV system and Web portal + REDD+ Wiki for easy
access to information on Zambia being developed.

Integrating the REDD+ Wiki

Web Portal

National Forest Monitoring
SystemREDD+ WikiBasic spatial layers

Deforestation

Forest CoverVegetation Maps

Integration: Portal to wiki

Main achievements

GovernanceandInstitutional
Arrangements

 Main achievements is in the area ofimproving Forest Governance by lookingat: Governance components include
various actors, rules and practices
 Governanceprinciplesofaccountability, coordination, capacity,transparency and participation
 Examples are given below:

Main Outputs
Drivers ofDeforestationand Economic
evaluation ofREDD+ Drivers of deforestation study completed highlighting themain
i causes off deforestationd ft tiandd forest
ft degradation.
dd ti
Agro‐ecological regions were considered in the study An Economic Evaluation of REDD+ ((Opportunityppy costs))
has been completed. This will help identify options forREDD+ Multi‐sectoral teams (sub‐committee of the PDCC) in all the
10 provinces trained in basic REDD+ to facilitate local levelawareness raising and training

GovernanceandInstitutionalArrangements

 REDD+ Training Manual and REDD+ Resource Manualincluding the Engagement plan has been completed.
 Legal Preparedness for REDD+ in Zambia completed
 Forest Practices with potential for REDD+ in Zambia
identified
 Past and on‐going REDD+ related initiatives with potentialfor up‐scaling have been identified and documented

Main OutputsConsultants for the following studies have been
recruited and will start work soon:

Governance andInstitutional
Arrangements

a. Assessing the role of safeguards, enforcement &governance ini REDD+;
REDD
b. Enhancing Private Sector Engagement in REDD+;
c. Assessing Financing, Incentives and Benefit Sharing
Options and Considerations for REDD+;
d. Development of a Communication Strategy for
REDD+
e. Strategic Review of the UN‐REDD Programmef. Back stopping
pp g on Governance and Institutional
Support to REDD+ Processes;

Way forward
What we haveachieved
1.

High level engagement,High‐levelengagement
and continue withstakeholder dialogue

2.

A rich base of analyticalwork accomplished3.

A National Forest
Monitoring System with aREDD+ Portal and a wiki
established4.

Govt, Donors, NGOs andprivate sector willing toinvest in REDD+

5.

Willingness to prepare &adopt a REDD+ Strategy
by CoP/2014

The work ahead
11.

Identify
d if strategic
i optionsi

2.

Define clearly,
quantifiable and realistic
objectives

3.

Development of financing
strategy, safeguards andgovernance mechanism

4.

Secure high‐level andstakeholder consensus on
REDD+

5.

Need to initiate
demonstration or pilot
projects

Roadmap towards REDD+ Strategy
DevelopedAnalytical Work as foundation through “Issues and Options Report”
including high‐level engagement
Consultative pprocess throughg Thematic Workingg Groups
p andstakeholder consultations
Drafting of Strategy based on Consultative process and expert
reviews
Stakeholder Validation and seek Government approval

In implementing the roadmap,roadmap the key principles ofvalue addition, complementarity and inclusiveness will
be promoted.
TOWARDS THE REDD+ STRATEGYChallenges• Conceptual Issues: REDD+ Readiness process which involves thecreation of enabling conditions for REDD+ implementation issometimes mixed up
p byy some stakeholders with REDD+
implementation.
• Programme Design: As mentioned earlier,earlier the Zambia UN‐REDD
programme was overambitious in outlining too many outputs,
activities and sub‐activities which are sometimes overlapping andnot properly coordinated or sequenced• Human and Institutional capacity: Whilst the REDD+ Coordination
Unit has been established with staff attached to the programme,
programme
there is limited human capacity as some of the staff double up forother programmes or activities in the department• Bureaucratic and Administrative Hurdles: Both on the United
Nations (UN) and government side have sometimes slowed down
implementation.
implementation

Lessons Learned• Avoid over ambitious programme design may affect delivery of R
REDD+
• REDD+ is not a panacea to solve problems and is not a new initiative but
rather calls for integrated approach.
approach Carbon is a forest monitoring tool!!
• REDD+ is an incentive based mechanism and hence there is need toexplainl i it wellll tot avoid
id creating
ti over expectations.
t ti• Devolve financial and ProgrammegManagementg
to implementing
pg
institutions to facilitate leadership and ownership• Supporting mainstreaming of REDD+ into key national processes andownership of the process to enhance stewardship among stakeholders.
• N
Need
d to
t enhance
hcapacity
it development
d l
t for
f key
k stakeholders
t k h ld
with
ith wellll
defined roles and responsibilities to ensure greater impacts.
• Importance of consolidating the gains and achievements of initiatives
related to REDD+ in the past years and build on it;Thankk you
Thyfforyour attention