Asteroid explorer, Hayabusa2,reporter briefing

September 2, 2020
JAXA Hayabusa2 ProjectTopicsRegarding Hayabusa2,Permission to land re-entry capsule in Australia
Operation plan for re-entry terminal guidance

2020/9/2

Hayabusa2 reporter briefing

2

Contents
0. Hayabusa2 and mission flow outline
1. Current status and overall schedule of the project
2. Permission to land re-entry capsule in Australia
3. Operation plan for re-entry terminal guidance
4. Outreach
5. Future plans

2020/9/2

Hayabusa2 reporter briefing

3Overview of Hayabusa2Objective
We will explore and sample the C-type asteroid Ryugu, which is a more primitive type than the S-type asteroid
Itokawa that Hayabusa explored, and elucidate interactions between minerals, water, and organic matter in theprimitive solar system. By doing so, we will learn about the origin and evolution of Earth, the oceans, and life, andmaintain and develop the technologies for deep-space return exploration (as demonstrated with Hayabusa), a field
in which Japan leads the world.
Expected results and effects
By exploring a C-type asteroid, which is rich in water and organic materials, we will clarify interactions between
the building blocks of Earth and the evolution of its oceans and life, thereby developing solar system science.
 Japan will further its worldwide lead in this field by taking on the new challenge of obtaining samples from acrater produced by an impacting device.
We will establish stable technologies for return exploration of solar-system bodies.
Features:World’s first sample return mission to a C-type asteroid.
World’s first attempt at a rendezvous with an asteroid and performance of observation before and after projectile
impact from an impactor.
Comparison with results from Hayabusa will allow deeper understanding of the distribution, origins, andevolution of materials in the solar system.
International positioningJapan is a leader in the field of primitive body exploration, and visiting a type-C asteroid marks a newaccomplishment.
This mission builds on the originality and successes of the Hayabusa mission. In addition to developing planetaryscience and solar system exploration technologies in Japan, this mission develops new frontiers in exploration ofprimitive heavenly bodies.
NASA too is conducting an asteroid sample return mission, OSIRIS-REx (launch: 2016; asteroid arrival: 2018;Earth return: 2023). We will exchange samples and otherwise promote scientific exchange, and expect furtherscientific findings through comparison and investigation of the results from both missions.

2020/9/2

Hayabusa2 reporter briefing(Illustration: Akihiro Ikeshita)

Hayabusa 2 primary specifications
MassApprox. 609 kg
Launch3 Dec 2014
MissionAsteroid returnArrival
27 June 2018
Earth return2020
Stay at asteroid Approx. 18 months
Target body
Near-Earth asteroid Ryugu
Primary instruments
Sampling mechanism, re-entry capsule, optical cameras, laser
range-finder, scientific observation equipment (near-infrared,thermal infrared), impactor, miniature rovers.

4Mission flow
LaunchDec 3, 2014

Earth swing-by
Dec 3, 2015

MINERVA-II1 separation
Sep 21, 2018

Ryugu arrival
June 27, 2018

Target marker
separation
Oct 25, 2018

Ryugu
departure
Nov 13, 2019

Targetmarker
completeDec. 6, 2020
MINERVA-II2 separation
separation
Sept. 17,
(image credit: illustrations including spacecraft
Oct. 3, 20192019
by Akihiro Ikeshita, others by JAXA)

Earth return

2020/9/2MASCOT
separation
Oct 3, 2018

Secondtouchdown
July 11, 2019

Targetmarker
separation
May 30,2019

Hayabusa2 reporter briefing

Impactor (SCI)
5 April, 2019

First touchdown
Feb 22, 20195

1. Current project status & schedule overview
Currentstatus<– The 2nd ion engine operation was nearly complete on August 28 (99.9% of the operation
was then completed for both forward and return trips). After precise orbit determination,
the ion engine operation for the fine correction of the orbit will be performed in midSeptember, and then the return ion engine operation will be complete.
2015

Scheduleoverview

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Hayabusa2 reporter briefing62. Permission to land re-entry capsule in Australia• On August 10, 2020, we received notification from Australian Space Agency (ASA)
notified that landing permission for the Hayabusa2 re-entry capsule, the Authorisation ofReturn of Overseas-Launched Space Object (AROLSO), has been issued.
• PublishedAugust 6, 2020
• SignaturesKaren Andrews, Minister of Industry, Science and Technology• Original textØ (Section 1: Authorisation)
This Authorisation is granted to JAXA as the responsible party for the return of thespace object described in section 4 of the Authorisation.
Ø (Section 4: Space object)
The space object is the Sample Return Capsule.

2020/9/2

Hayabusa2 reporter briefing7

2. Permission to land re-entry capsule in Australia
For the AROLSO application, the following contents were submitted in writing in August
2019:•••••

Managementcapsule collection system etc.
Safetylanding range and risks
EmergencyPossible contingencies and response plan
EnvironmentEnvironmental impacts during a normal and abnormal landing
Recovery planCapsule search plan, recovery/transport sequence, schedule etc.

After submitting the plan, meetings in Australia and via video conference were held,providing supplementary explanations for the plan and adding and revising any missing
information. After about a year of further examination, the landing clearance was granted.
2020/9/2

Hayabusa2 reporter briefing

83. Operation plan for re-entry terminal guidance2nd ion engine operation• On August 28, the trajectory correction using the ion engines was almostcomplete, and the ion engines were stopped.
• After making a precise orbit determination, the ion engines will be restarted in
mid-September to fine-tune the orbit (TCM-0).
• This completes the ion engine operation for the return trip, and the RCS(chemical thrusters) will be used for subsequent trajectory correction.

Re-entry terminal guidance• Orbital corrections TCM-1~5 will be made via the RCS.
• Dates of the TCMTrajectory Correction Maneuver are shown on thefollowing page.

2020/9/2

Hayabusa2 reporter briefing93. Operation plan for re-entry terminal guidanceAll dates are in 2020

TowardsSun 6/3 ballistic trajectory (initial stage of the 2nd ion
engine operation)
 6/17 ballistic trajectory 7/1 ballistic trajectory 7/15 ballistic trajectory 7/29 ballistic trajectory 8/12 ballistic trajectory 8/26 ballistic trajectory (final stage of the 2nd ion
engine operation)

Earth



Direction ofspacecraft

Orbit in the orbital plane of Hayabusa2    
2020/9/2• Through orbital control by the ion engine, we gradually
approach an orbit that intersects the Earth.
• As of August 26, Hayabusa2 is in an orbit where theEarth’s closest distance is 20,000 km.
• It is expected the complete process of ion engine operation
will be completed on 9/1521. Hayabusa2 will then beon an orbit with the closest approach to Earth of 1000 kmor less.

Hayabusa2 reporter briefing10

3. Operation plan for re-entry terminal guidance
Operation nameDateEarth distanceTCM-0

around 9/15~21

about 36 million km

TCM-1

around 10/20~26

about 17 million km

TCM-2

around 11/2~19

about 12 million km

TCM-3

around 11/25~29

about 3.5 million km

TCM-4

around 12/1

about 1.8 million km

Capsule separation

12/5 14:00~15:00 JST

about 220,000 km

TCM-5

12/5 15:00~17:00 JST

about 200,000 km

Capsule landing

12/6 2:00~3:00 JST0km

TCM: Trajectory Correction ManeuverNoteSubject to change due to flight conditions.
2020/9/2

Hayabusa2 reporter briefing

113. Operation plan for re-entry terminal guidance

TCM-0

Capsule separation
around 12/5 14:00-15:00 JST~220,000 km from Earth

Orbit fine adjustmentusing RCS, same for later TCMs
(around 10/20– 26, ~17M km from Earth)Orbit fine adjustment(around 11/2-19, ~12M km from Earth)

TCM-1

TCM-2

Te
(O rmin
cto albe Gur idanc)ePhaTargeting to Woomera(around 11/25-19, ~3.5M km from Earth)

TCM-3

Change to Earth departure trajectoryaround 12/5 15:00-17:00 JST
~200,000 km from Earth

Orbit fine adjustment(around 12/1. ~1.8M km from Earth)

TCM-4

Capsuleseparation

seTCM-5• May change depending on conditions.
• At TCM-0,1,2, the spacecraft will enter an orbit that passes more than 200 km away from the Earth.
• After capsule separation, the spacecraft will divert from the reentry trajectory by TCM-5.
2020/9/2

Capsule landingaround 12/6 2:00-3:00 JST 

Hayabusa2 reporter briefing

deltituasingsamP00k2>

Targe
for t traTC ject
M- or0,1 y,2Ion engine TCM
around 9/15-21, ~36M km from Earth)TCM: Trajectory Correction ManeuverryectojartapecsE    123. Operation plan for re-entry terminal guidance
CG video explaining the Earth return.

 2020/9/2

Hayabusa2 reporter briefing13

4. Outreach
The following outreach activates are planned for the Earth-return:Call for messages of support• Request support messages for re-entry to be posted on the Hayabsua2 website.
Release of the spacecraft’s return trajectory• We will publicly release information about the Earth return orbit of thespacecraft.
2nd Ryugu observation campaign• Asteroid Ryugu will approach the Earth between October and December thisyear, providing an opportunity for observation. An observation campaign will
be conducted during this time.
 Hayabusa2 welcome home observation campaign• Since there is a possibility that the spacecraft can be observed with a telescope
just prior to re-entry, we will conduct a campaign similar to the observation
campaign for the Earth swing-by.
2020/9/2

Hayabusa2 reporter briefing

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5. Future plans
Operation schedule
2020/9 1521
2020/10
2020/12/6

Fine orbital correction by the ion enginesTCM-0
Re-entry terminal guidanceRe-entryPress and media briefings
2020/9TBD
Press briefing @ online TBD

2020/9/2

Hayabusa2 reporter briefing

15Reference

2020/9/2

Hayabusa2 reporter briefing

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