BC
BEO CLEAN
ENERGY Ltd.
“BEO ČISTA ENERGIJA” doo

ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTASSESSMENT STUDYOF PROJECT: FACILITY FOR THE ENERGY UTILIZATIONOF MUNICIPAL WASTE AND LANDFILL GAS "VINČA" IN BELGRADE

Belgrade, September 2019

ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTASSESSMENT STUDYOF PROJECT: FACILITY FOR THE ENERGY UTILIZATIONOF MUNICIPAL WASTE AND LANDFILL GAS "VINČA"PROJECT LEADER: "BEO ČISTA ENERGIJA“ DOO
272 v Tošin Bunar Str.
11000 Belgrade

DEVELOPMENT OF THE STUDY: "DVOPER“ DOO
11000 Belgrade
5 Dečanska Str.

INVOLVED DEVELOPERS: NEBOJŠA POKIMICA, B.Sc./Spec. in Toxicological Chemistry
PhD TANJA RADOVIĆ, B.Sc. in Tech. Engin. /PhD
license number: 371 M423 13

BRATISLAV KRSTIĆ, B.Sc in Techn. Engin.
license number: 371 C790 06

DOBRIVOJE DŽIPKOVIĆ, B.Sc in Mech. Engin.
license number 330 D733 06

PAVLE CVETIĆ, B.Sc. in Landscape Architecture and Horticulture
BOJANA LALOVIĆ, MSc Environmental Engineer

Belgrade, September 2019

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Basic data

Business Name: Beo Čista Energija d.o.o.Belgrade Status:
Active company
Identification number: 21319775
Legal form: Limited Liability Company Seat: Municipality: Belgrade-Novi
Beograd | City: Belgrade-Novi Beograd | Street and number: Tošin Bunar 272 v
Date of establishment: 12.09.2017
Tax ID: 110224482
Business data

Data of establishment

Registration date: 12.09.2017

Time of duration

Duration limited to: Unlimited

Main activity
Activity Code: 3821
Name of activity: Non-hazardous waste treatment and disposal

Other identification data

Tax Identification Number Tax ID: 110224482
Legal representatives

Natural persons

First name Last Name: Mitsuaki Harada
Position: Director
First name Last Name: Philippe Pierre Marie Auguste Thiel
Position: Director
First name Last Name: Vladimir Milovanović Position:
Director

Registry of Business Entities 5000131503543 BD 90335/2017
On 26.10.2017 Belgrade
Registrar of the Registry of Business Entities kept by the Business Registers Agency pursuant to Article
15, paragraph 1of the Law on Registration Procedure at the Business Registers Agency ("Official Gazetteof RS", no.99/2011, 83/2014), deciding on the registration application for data change with Beo Čista
Energija d.o.o.Belgrade, identification number:21319775, submitted by:Name and surname: Iskra Lazić
adopts the
DECISION
The r e g i s t r a t i o n a p p l i c a t i o n , S H A L L B E A D O P T E D a n d a c h a n g e o f d a t ais registered in the Registry of Companies at:
Beo Čista Energija d.o.o.Belgrade
Identification/registration number: 21319775
the following changes:
Change of legal representatives:
Natural persons:
The following is omitted:• Name and surname: Belinda Faith Howarth
Passport number and country of issue: 531723769 United
Kingdom Position in the company: Director
Mode of representation: jointly
Restriction on the power of representation by co-signature:- A valid representation of the Company requires the signature of two directors.
•

Name and surname: Stéphane Cédric Heddesheimer
Passport number and country of issue: 07CF52294 France
Position in the company: Director
Mode of representation: jointly
Restriction on the power of representation by co-signature:- A valid representation of the Company requires the signature of two directors.

•

Name and surname: Jean-François Gagnaire
Passport number and country of issue: 11AV09118 France
Position in the company: Director
Mode of representation: jointly
Restriction on the power of representation by co-signature:- A valid representation of the Company requires the signature of two directors.
Page 1 of 2
The following is registered:• Name and surname: Mitsuaki Harada
Passport number and country of issue:TZ1237381
Japan Position in the company: Director
Representation mode: jointly
Restriction on the power of representation by co-signature:- A valid representation of the Company requires the signature of two directors.
••

Name and surname: Philippe Pierre Marie Auguste Thiel
Passport number and country of issue:15FV32897 France
Position in the company: Director
Mode of representation: jointly
Restriction on the power of representation by co-signature:- A valid representation of the Company requires the signature of two directors.
Name and surname: Vladimir Milovanović
Unique citizen's number:1002961710207
Position in the business entity: Director
Representation mode: jointly
Restriction on the power of representation by co-signature:- A valid representation of the Company requires the signature of two directors.
Justification
On 25.10.2017, the applicant submitted the registration application for the change of data
Number BD 90335/2017 and with the application it submitted the documentation specified in
the certificate on the received registration application.
Verifying the fulfilment of the conditions for registration of the change of data prescribedby the provision of Article 14of the Law on Registration Procedure at the Business Registers
Agency, the Registrar determined that the conditions for registration were fulfilled, anddecided as in the operative part of the decision, in accordance with the provision of Article
16of the law.
The amount of the fee for conducting the registration procedure is determined by theDecision on fees for registration activities and other services provided by the Business
Registers Agency ("Official Gazette of RS", no.119/2013, 138/2014, 45/2015 and 106/2015).
INSTRUCTIONS ON LEGAL REMEDIES:
An appeal may be lodged against this Decision to the Minister responsible for the positionof companies and other forms of business, within 30 days from the day of their publication on
the Agency's website, and through the Agency.
REGISTRATOR __________________
Miladin Maglov
Page 2 of 2

EXCERPT ON THE REGISTRATION OF A BUSINESS ENTITY
BASIC IDENTIFICATION DATA
Registration / Identification number | 20407441
STATUS
Business entity status | Active company
LEGAL FORM
Legal form: Limited liability company
Source of funds for establishing and operating a cooperative:DEPOSITS
BUSINESS NAME
Business name DRUŠTVO ZA ZAŠTITU ŽIVOTNE SREDINE I ODRŽIVIRAZVOJ DVOPER DOO BEOGRAD STARI GRAD
Short business name | DVOKUT DOO BELGRADEADDRESS DATAHead Office address
Belgrade-Stari Grad Municipality
City | Belgrade-Stari Grad
Street Dečanska Number and letter 8 - Floor, apartment number and letter
BUSINESS DATA
Establishment information
Foundation date April 11, 2008
Duration
Duration of business entity Unlimited
Main activity
Activity code 7120

On 03.02.2016 at 09:44:09 Page 1 of 3

Activity name: Technical testing and analysis
Other identification information
Tax Identification Number (PIB) 1 | 105557340
Information on the statute/articles of association

There is no obligation to certify the changesof acts of association
Date of valid statute
Date of the founding act in force
Legal (statutory) agents
Natural Persons
Name:Nebojša
Surname:Pokimica
Unique citizen's number (JMBG) 0101972780015
Position | Director
Co-signature restriction
there is no restriction by co-signatureby co-signature
Directors/members of the Board of Directors
Directors
Board members
First Name Nebojša Surname Pokimica
Unique citizen's number (JMBG) 0101972780015
Procurators
Individual procura
Name Ratko Surname Đorđević
Unique citizen's number (JMBG) 0405943330077
Members/Co-owners
Member information
Business name | DVOKUT-ECRO doo
Registration/
Identification number 00539651
Information on the capital
Payment amountamountdate

Subscribed:EUR 3,000.00, in counter value of RSD 247,026.90

On 03.02.2016 at 09:44:09 Page 2 of 3
Amountdate

Subscribed:RSD 3,752,973.10
Paid:EUR 3,000.00, in counter value ofMarch 28, 2008.

RSD 247,026.90

Amountdate

Paid:RSD 3,752,973.10

March 4, 2015

Amount (%)
Co-ownership of the share of 100,00000
The share capital of the company

Cashamountdate

Subscribed:EUR 3,000.00, in counter value of
RSD 247,026.90

amountdate

Subscribed:RSD 3,752,973.10
amountdate

Paid:EUR 3,000.00, in counter value of
RSD 247,026.90
March 28, 2008
Amountdate

Paid:RSD 3,752,973.10 March 4, 2015

On 03.02.2016 at 09:44:09 Page 3 of 3

Licenseof the CHIEF DESIGNER
In accordance with Law on Planning and Constructionof the Statute of the Serbian Chamber of Engineers

BOARD OF DIRECTORS OF THE CHAMBER OF ENGINEERS OF SERBIA
establishes that
Tanja T.Radović
Graduate Engineer of Technology
LIB 11580077263
is the Chief Designerof technological processes
License No.
371 M423 13
PRESIDENT OF THE CHAMBER

Chamber President
Milovan Glavonjić
B.Sc. El. Eng.

In Belgrade,
July 4, 2013

SERBIAN CHAMBER OF ENGINEERS
LICENCEof the CHIEF DESIGNER

In accordance with Law on Planning and Constructionof the Statute of the Serbian Chamber of Engineers
BOARD OF DIRECTORS OF THE CHAMBER OF ENGINEERS OF SERBIA
establishes that
Bratislav B. Krstić
Graduate Engineer of Technology
JMB 0708959710131
Chief Designerof technological processes
License No.
371 C79006

Chamber President
Milan Vuković
BSc Cons. Eng.
In Belgrade,
January 26, 2006

Number:12-02/336525
Belgrade, 14.02.2019

Pursuant to Article 75of the Statute of the Serbian Chamber of Engineers("OG of RS", no.88/05, 16/09 and 27/16), and at the personal request of a Chamber member,
The Serbian Chamber of Engineers issues
CERTIFICATE
Confirming that Bratislav B.Krstić, B.Sc.Tech.
licence No.
371 C790 06
forthe chief designer of technological processeson the day of issue of this certificate is a member of the Serbian Chamber of Engineers, thathe settled the obligation to pay the membership fee to the Chamber as of 26.01.2020.
and that his license had not been revoked by a decision of the Court of Honor.

Vice President of the Board of Directorsof the Chamber of Engineers
Latinka Obradović BSc Constr.Eng.

TERMS OF REFERENCE

In accordance with the positive legislation and the Decision on determining the scope and content of theStudy on environmental impact assessment of the project for the construction of a new landfill withaccompanying facilities at the Vinča site in Belgrade, Ministry of Environment, number 353-0200815/2018-03 of 09.05.2019, prepare an ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT STUDY:
PLANT FOR THE ENERGY UTILIZATION OFMUNICIPALWASTE AND THE LANDFILL GAS"VINČA".
Belgrade, September 2018

INVESTOR_______________

Pursuant to Article 128 of the Law on Planning and Construction ("Official Gazette of RS" No.
145/2014), the Law on Environmental Protection ("Official Gazette of RS" No. 14/2016 and 95/2018)
and the Law on Environmental Impact Assessment ("Official Gazette of RS" No. 36/09), I adopt thefollowing

DECISION
ON THE DESIGNATION OF THE CHIEF DESIGNER

For the production of the
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT STUDY OF PROJECT: PLANT FOR THE
ENERGY UTILIZATION OF MUNICIPAL WASTE AND THE LANDFILL GAS "VINČA"of Project Leader "BEO ČISTA ENERGIJA" DOO from Belgrade, the following shall be appointed as
the Chief Designer:
PhD Tanja Radović, BSc in Tech. Eng./PhD
The appointed is obliged to do all the relevant documentation in accordance with the above laws,
professional rules and engineering practice.

JUSTIFICATION

For the purposes of Article 128 of the Law on Planning and Construction, it is stipulated that the
preparation of technical documentation is carried out by a responsible designer who must meet theprescribed conditions.

Belgrade, September 2018
Director
Nebojša Pokimica

Pursuant to Article 19of the Law on Environmental Impact Assessment ("Official Gazette of RS", No.
36/09), I adopt the following

DECISION

A multidisciplinary team is designated to draft the ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENTSTUDY: PLANT FOR THE UTILIZATION OF MUNICIPAL WASTE AND LANDFILL GAS"VNČA", of Project Leader "BEO ČISTA ENERGIJA" DOO from Belgrade, in the following
composition:
Chief Designer:

PhD Tanja Radović, B.Sc.Tech./Ph.D.License number:371 M423 13Team members:

NEBOJŠA POKIMICA, BSc in Chemistry/ Spec. of
Toxicological Chemistry BRATISLAV KRSTIĆ, BSc in
Tech. Eng.
License number: 371 C790 06
DOBRIVOJE DŽIPKOVIĆ, BSc in
Mech. Eng. License number 330 D733 06
NATAŠA ĐOKIĆ, BSc in Geol. Eng.
PAVLE CVETIĆ, BSc in Landscape Architecture andHorticulture BOJANA LALOVIĆ, Master Environmental
Engineer

Appointees are required to comply with environmental legislation,technical norms, standards and professional rules when drafting theEnvironmental Impact Assessment Study.

Belgrade, September 2018
Director
Nebojša Pokimica

_________________________________________________________________________________________

Based on the Law on Planning and Construction ("Official Gazette of RS" 145/2014) andthe Law on Environmental Protection ("Official Gazette of the Republic of Serbia” No.
14/2016 and 95/2018)

I DECLARE

When drafting the
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT STUDY OF PROJECT: PLANT FOR THE
ENERGY UTILIZATION OF MUNICIPAL WASTE AND LANDFILL GAS "VINČA"I fully complied with:- Terms of Reference- Relevant legal regulations pertaining to the project in question Rules of the profession regarding the solutions given in thisproject

In Belgrade, September 2019

Chief Designer:
PhD Tanja Radović,
B.Sc.Tech./Ph.D.License
number:371 M423 13_______________________________________________________________________________________ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT STUDY

22

_________________________________________________________________________________________CONTENTSINTRODUCTION
1.0. PROJECT LEADER DATA

30

2.0. LOCATION DESCRIPTION
2.1. CADASTRE PLOTS ON WHICH THE PROJECT IS REALIZED
2.2. LAND AREA DATA
2.3. PREVIEW OF PEDOLOGICAL, GEOMORPHOLOGICAL, GEOLOGICALAND HYDROGEOLOGICAL AND SEISMOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS
OF THE TERRAIN
2.4. DATA ON THE SOURCE OF WATER SUPPLY
2.5. CLIMATE CHARACTERISTICS WITH METEROLOGICALINDICATORS
2.6. DESCRIPTION OF THE FLORA AND FAUNA, NATURAL GOODS OF
SPECIAL VALUE OF (PROTECTED) RARE AND THREATENED PLANTS
AND ANIMAL SPECIES AND THEIR HABITATS and VEGETATION
2.7. BASIC CHARACTERISTICS OF THE LANDSCAPE
2.8. IMMOVABLE CULTURAL GOODS
2.9. POPULATION AND CONCENTRATION OF POPULATION
2.10. DATA ON EXISTING COMMERCIAL AND RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGSAND FACILITIES OF INFRASTRUCTURE AND SUPRASTRUCTURE
2.11. HEALTH DATA IN SERBIA

31
36
36

37
44
45

50
52
54
55
56
57

3.0 PROJECT DESCRIPTION
3.1. DESCRIPTION OF PREVIOUS WORKS ON THE PROJECT
3.2. DESCRIPTION OF THE EXISTING STATE OF THE FACILITY,
PLANNED PRODUCTION PROCESS OR ACTIVITIES, THEIRTECHNOLOGICAL AND OTHER CHARACTERISTICS
3.2.1. Description of facilities
3.2.2. Description of production process and activities

60
61

3.2.2.1. Description of the EfW plant technological process
3.2.2.2. Description of the BEP plant technological process

78
106

3.2.3. Landscaping and greening areas in Functional unit 1
3.2.4. Preview of the type and amount of required energy and energy generatingproducts, water and raw materials
3.2.5. Preview of the type and amount of discharged gases, water, and other liquidand gaseous effluents, considered by technological units including emissions into
the air, discharges into surface and groundwater recipients, land disposal, noise,
vibration, heat, radiation (ionizing and non-ionizing) etc.

113

63
64
78

115

120

_______________________________________________________________________________________ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT STUDY

23

_________________________________________________________________________________________

3.2.6. Demonstration of technology for treatment of all types of waste materials

127

3.2.6.1. Flue gas purification system for the EfW plant
3.2.6.2. Thermogenic waste treatment (APCR) from the EfW plant
3.2.6.3. Treatment of slag from the furnace boiler of the EfW plant
3.2.6.4. Flue gas treatment of the BEP plant
3.2.6.5. Wastewater collection, treatment and evacuation

127
133
135
137
150

3.3. OVERVIEW OF CONFORMITY OF PLANNED AND DESIGNEDSOLUTIONS WITH THE REFERENCE BAT DOCUMENT

154

4.0. OVERVIEW OF MAIN ALTERNATIVES CONSIDERED BY THE
PROJECT LEADER

171

5.0. OVERVIEW OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL STATUS OF THE
LOCATION AND THE SURROUNDING AREA
5.1. POPULATION
5.2. AIR
5.3. WATER
5.4. SOIL
5.5. FAUNA AND FLORA
5.6. NOISE LEVEL IN THE ENVIRONMENT
5.7. BUILDINGS, IMMOVABLE CULTURAL GOODS, ARCHAEOLOGICALSITES AND AMBIENT UNITS
5.8. LANDSCAPE

175
175
181
219
193
223
243
249
253

6.0. DESCRIPTION OF POSSIBLE SIGNIFICANT ENVIRONMENTAL
IMPACTS OF THE PROJECT
6.1. POSSIBLE IMPACTS DURING THE CONSTRUCTION PHASE

254
254

Surface and groundwater and soil
Flora
Fauna
Protected natural goods
Air
Noise
Landscape
Cultural heritage
Infrastructure
Waste

254
255
256
256
257
257
258
258
258
259

6.2. POSSIBLE IMPACTS IN REGULAR OPERATION

259

Water
Soil
Flora and fauna
Air
Unpleasant odours
Noise in the environment

259
259
260
260
264
265

_______________________________________________________________________________________ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT STUDY

24

_________________________________________________________________________________________

LandscapeAccess road
Waste management

267
268
268

6.3. IMPACT OF THE PROJECT ON CLIMATE CHANGE
6.4. IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON THE PROJECT
6.5. CUMULATIVE EFFECTS WITH OTHER PLANTS

269
270
271

7.0. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT IN THE CASE OF AN
ACCIDENT
7.1. NATURAL RISKS

272
272

Landslides
FloodsEarthquake disasters

272
272
273

7.2. EXTERNAL RISKS
7.3. TECHNICAL AND TECHNOLOGICAL RISKS

273
274

Accidents due to substances present
Waste Delivery Accidents
Accident to gas purification system installations

275
279
280

7.4. FIRE RISK

280

Water risk from fire fighting

281

7.5. RISK OF HUMAN-CAUSED ACCIDENTS

281

8.0. DESCRIPTION OF THE MEASURES PROVIDED FOR THE
PREVENTION, REDUCTION AND REMOVAL OF THE HARMFULENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT OF THE PROJECT
8.1. MEASURES PRESCRIBED BY LAW AND OTHER REGULATIONS,NORMS AND STANDARDS AND DEADLINES FOR THEIRIMPLEMENTATION
8.2. MEASURES TO BE TAKEN IN THE EVENT OF AN ACCIDENT
8.3. ENVIRONMENTAL PLANS AND TECHNICAL SOLUTIONS
8.4. OTHER MEASURES THAT MAY HAVE THE EFFECT OF PREVENTINGOR REDUCING HARMFUL EFFECTS ON THE ENVIRONMENT

282

282
282
286
298

9.0. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT MONITORING PROGRAM
9.1. OVERVIEW OF THE STATE OF THE ENVIRONMENT BEFORE THE
PROJECT IS OPERATIONAL AT SITES WHERE ENVIRONMENTAL
IMPACTS ARE EXPECTED
9.2. PARAMETERS, LOCATIONS, METHOD AND FREQUENCY OF
MEASUREMENT OF DETERMINED PARAMETERS

300

10.0. NON-TECHNICAL OVERVIEW OF THE STUDY

306

300
300

_______________________________________________________________________________________ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT STUDY

25

_________________________________________________________________________________________

11.0. TECHNICAL DEFICIENCY DATA

306

12.0. BASES FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE STUDY

306

ANNEXES_______________________________________________________________________________________ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT STUDY

26

_________________________________________________________________________________________

Legend of abbreviations used

APC

EnglishAir Pollution Control

KZV

APCR

Air Pollution Control Residue

KRZV

BAT
BCE
BOD

Best available techniques
Beo Čista Energija d.o.o.
Biological Oxygen Demand(5days)Best available techniques(BAT) Reference document
developed under the IPPC
Directive and the IEDContinuous Emission
Monitoring System

NRT
BČE
BPK

BREF

CEMS

NREF

SKPE

City/CoB
CO
COD
CPU
CV

Cogeneration or combined
heat and power
City of Belgrade
Carbon monoxide
Chemical Oxygen Demand
Central Processing Unit
Calorific Value

E&S

Environmental and Social

ZŽSSZ

EfW

EiO

EU
FGT
GC
GHG

Energy from Waste
Elektromreža Srbije(Transmission Network
Operator)
Elektroprivreda Srbije(Distribution Network
Operator)
Environmental and Social
Impact Assessment Study
European Unionflue gas treatment
Gradska čistoća Beograd
Greenhouse gases

GWP

Global Warming Power

SGZ

HCl
HDPE
HF
Hg

Hydrochloric Acid
High-Density Polyethylene
Hydrogen fluoride
Mercury

HCl
PVG
HF
Hg

CHP

EMS

EPS

ESIA

KTE
Grad
CO
HPK
CJP
KV

EMS

EPS

PUŽSSP
EU
TDG
GČ
GSB

SerbianKontrola zagađenja vazduha
Kontrolarezidualnogzagađenja vazduha
Najbolje raspoložive tehnike
Beo Čista Energija d.o.o.
Biološka potrošnja kiseonika(5dana)
Najbolje raspoložive tehnike(NRT) Referentni dokument
razvijen pod IPPC Direktivomi DIE
Sistem kontinuiranog praćenja
emisija
Kogeneracija kombinovane
toplote i energije
Grad Beograd
Ugljen monoksid
Hemijska potrošnja kiseonika
Centralna jedinica za preradu
Kalorijska vrednost
Zaštita životne sredine isocijalna zaštita
Energija iz otpada
Elektromreža
Srbije(Operater
dalekovodne mreže)JP Elektroprivreda Srbije
Procena uticaja na životnu
sredinu i socijalna pitanja
Evropska Unija
tretiranje dimnog gasa
Gradska čistoća Beograd
Gasovi staklene bašte
Snaga globalnog zagrevanja
planete Zemlje
Hidrohlorna kiselina
Polietilen visoke gustine
Vodonik fluoridŽiva_______________________________________________________________________________________ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT STUDY

27

_________________________________________________________________________________________

HV
IBA
IDP
LCV
LFG
LHV
LP

High Voltage
Incinerator Bottom Ash
Internally displaced people
Low Calorific Value
Landfill Gas
Low Heating Value
Low Pressure

VN
PDI
IRL
NKV
DG
NTM
NP

LRAP

Livelihood Restoration Action
Plan
Leachate Treatment Plant

APOSŽ

Low Voltage
Meter Above Sea Level
Ministry of Environment
Protection
Medium Pressure
municipal solid waste
Medium Voltage
Nitrogen Oxide
Operation and Maintenance
Overhead Transmission LineNN
m.n.m.
MZŽS

JPP
KP
APR
GDO
ZKO
JRO
RDV
SNR

SPV
TOC

Private Public Partnership
Public Utility Company
Resettlement Action Plan
Refuse Derived Fuel
Residual Municipal Waste
Reverse Osmosis Unit
Republic Water Directorate
Selective Non-Catalytic
Reduction
Special-Purpose Vehicle
Total Organic Carbon

WWT

Waste Water Treatment

PPOV

DRP
CiM
CaM

Detailed Regulation Plan
City Municipality
Cadastral Municipality
Republic
Hydrometeorological
Service of Serbia
Maximum Continuous Load

PDR
GO
KO

LTP
LV
m.a.s.l.
MEP
MP
MSW
MV
NOx
O&M
OHL
PPP
PUC
RAP
RDF
RMW
RO
RWD
SNCR

RHSS
MCL

PPPV

UP
KČO
SN
NOx
RIO
VVPD

VSN
UOU

Visoki napon
Pepeo na dnu insineratoraInterno raseljena lica
Niska kalorijska vrednost
Deponijski gas
Niska toplotna moć
Nizak pritisak
Akcioni plan za obnavljanjesredstava za život
Postrojenje za preradu
procednih voda
Nizak napon
Metara iznad nivoa mora
Ministarstvo zaštite životne
sredineUmereni pritisakkomunalni čvrsti otpad
Srednji napon
Azot oksid
Rad i održavanje
Vazdušni vod za prenos na
daljinuJavno privatno partnerstvo
Komunalno preduzeće
Akcioni plan za raseljavanje
Gorivo dobijeno iz otpada
Zaostali komunalni otpad
Jedinica za reverznu osmozu
Republička direkcija za vode
Selektivna nekatalitička
redukcija
Vozilo specijalne namene
Ukupni organski ugljenik
Postrojenje za prečišćavanje
otpadnih voda
Plan detaljne regulacije
Gradska opština
Katastarska opština

RHMZ

Republički hidrometeorološki
zavod

MCR

Maksimalno kontinualno
opterećenje

_______________________________________________________________________________________ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT STUDY28

_________________________________________________________________________________________INTRODUCTION
The subject of this study is the environmental impact assessment of the construction and operationof the municipal waste and landfill gas energy utilization facility at the site of the Vinča landfill inthe territory of the City of Belgrade as part of the municipal waste treatment and disposal complex
at the site.
The site has been used for more than 40 years for municipal waste disposal and receives an averageof 550,000 tonnes of municipal solid waste (MSW) each year, from 13 of the 17 Belgrade
municipalities. A comprehensive project for the arrangement of the Vinča landfill site as well as
the planned concept of waste management at this site involves the closure, rehabilitation andrecultivation of the existing landfill body, construction of new facilities for energy utilization ofmunicipal waste and landfill gas with other supporting facilities and infrastructure.
The project plans:- cessation of active use of the existing landfill body - closure after remediation andstabilization (with introduction of treatment of leachate water from the landfill body and extraction
and use of landfill gas), with final humus layer coverage;- introduction of a modern system of treatment and disposal of municipal waste, on a site of
approximately 60 ha, which is located within the existing complex of the Vinča landfill with thefollowing basic facilities:• Facility for the treatment of municipal waste with energy utilization (Heat/Electric) – EfW Plant;• Landfill gas utilization plant;• Construction and demolition waste treatment plant (CDW);• Leachate treatment plant (LTP);• Landfill for non-energy-efficient municipal waste (unprocessed waste);• Landfill for disposal of residues from the EfW plant for energy utilization of municipal waste;• Landfill for inert waste;• Other ancillary facilities.

The whole project is carried out under a public-private partnership agreement concluded between
the City of Belgrade and the special purpose company "Beo Čista Energija" doo.

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1.0. PROJECT LEADER DATA"BEO ČISTA ENERGIJA“ DOO
Business name:"BEO ČISTA ENERGIJA" DOO Belgrade

Short business name:"BEO ČISTA ENERGIJA“ DOO

Head office/address

272 v Tošin Bunar Str.

Name of business activity

Non-hazardous waste treatment and disposal

Activity Code3821

Company Registration No.

21319775

TAX ID No.

110224482

Directors

Mitsuaki Harada
Philippe Pierre Marie Auguste Thiel
Vladimir Milovanović

Representative

Malik Kerker

Phone

011/715 88 84

Fax

011/715 88 86

E-mail:bce@bceenergy.rs_______________________________________________________________________________________ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT STUDY30

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2.0. LOCATION DESCRIPTION
Macro-location
The territory of Belgrade covers an area of 3,222 km2which is administratively divided into 17
municipalities: Barajevo, Voždovac, Vračar, Grocka, Zvezdara, Zemun, Lazarevac, Mladenovac,
Novi Beograd, Obrenovac, Palilula, Rakovica, Savski venac, Sopot, Stari grad, Surčin andČukarica. According to 2011 census data, 1,659,440 inhabitants live in this territory .
The location of the Vinča landfill is located in the eastern part of Belgrade (approximately 12 km
from the city center), in the settlement of Vinča.

Figure 1 Macrolocation of the Vinča landfill complex
Micro-location
The location of the Vinča landfill is located on the right bank of the Danube River in themunicipalities of Grocka, Palilula and Zvezdara.
The municipal waste landfill in Vinča covers an area of about 140 ha, located in the valley of the
Ošljanski stream. The wider area of the landfill is characterized by hilly relief. The location of theterrain in question falls north-east, and is flanked by hills to the south and west. Below the bodyof the landfill flows the Ošljanki stream, which flows into Ošljanska pond. The access road fromthe main Smederevo road to the landfill complex is Beogradska Street, about 3 km long.
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The wider area around the landfill is mainly used for agriculture (fruit and vegetable production),
however some of the parcels are now abandoned (there is a succession of agricultural land). A
smaller number of agricultural land is located next to the landfill. The forests are reduced to smaller
forests and alluvial areas along the Danube River. The Danube River is located 1.5 km east of thelandfill. About 3 km to the northeast is the Danube Channel - Dunavac, and north from it there areseveral river islands. In the area of gravel exploitation, located 1 km east of the landfill, the Danube
River reaches almost 1 km in width.
In addition to the existing landfill (in the north) there is an informal settlement consisting ofbarracks with no basic infrastructure (water supply, sewerage). To the south, the nearest settlement
is Vinča, whose center is located about 3 km from the landfill body, however parts of the settlement
are located about 1.7 km from the landfill. In the north, the closest parts of Veliko Selo settlement
are also located about 1.7 km from the landfill body. The first parts of the suburban settlementsKaluđerica and Mirijevo are located more than 2 km to the west. To the east, on the other side of
the Danube, there is the suburban zone of Starčevo, 7 km from the landfill by air. The town of
Pančevo, with its numerous industrial elements, is located 8 km northwest, by air, also on the otherside of the Danube.
The distances (in the airline) of the Vinča landfill from the surrounding facilities are given in thetable below:
Volatile facilities
Old Vinča cemetery
Gravel exploitation
the Danube River
Nearest house in Vinča
The closest group of houses in Vinča
Vinča Institute of Nuclear Sciences
The closest group of houses in Kaluđerica
Smederevo RoadThe nearest house in Mirijevo
The nearest group of houses in Mirijevo
The closest house in Veliko selo
The nearest group of houses in Veliki selo
Monastery of the Holy Archdeacon Stefan

Distance, m
900
1000
1500
1700
1700
2300
2500
3600
2800
4000
1600
1100
1200

Orientation
SE
SE
E
SE
S
S
W
SW
NW
NW
N
NE
N

The above facilities are shown in Figure 2.
The Belo Brdo archaeological site is approximately 3 km away from the Vinča landfill complex,
southeastward. The precise location of the Veteran's Villa was not determined by the competent
Institute for Immovable Cultural Goods.

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_________________________________________________________________________________________The Monastery of St. Archdeacon Stefan (Slanci Monastery) is located 1.2 km north of the existing
landfill. On the south side it is visually separated by a thick forest and hill. The new complex was
built in 1960 on the site of a historic monastery and is therefore protected as an archeological site.
To the northeast of the monastery is the monastery cemetery, some 1.6 km away from thelandfill.At 0.9 km southwest of the landfill is the old ("village") cemetery of Vinča. On the eastside of the cemetery is a footpath connecting the villages of Vinča and Veliko Selo. The Churchof the Holy Apostles Peter and Paul is located in the center of Vinča, ie. at a distance of about 3
km from the landfill. The largest cemetery in this area is the Lešće Cemetery, located about 4 km
northwest of the landfill complex.
Schools and sacral buildings are located in all major settlements surrounding the landfill. The
closest school is in Veliko Selo, about 2 km north of the landfill.
The Vinča Institute of Nuclear Sciences is surrounded by forests and partly separated fromsettlements. It is located southwest of the landfill, at a distance of 2.2 km.
The asphalt production plant is located southwest of the landfill body (at a distance of about 400m).
Larger industrial areas are located in the western parts of Belgrade. They are 5 km southwest, west
and northwest relative to the landfill. The high voltage substation is located about 3 km northwestof the landfill (by air line).
The most important industrial zone is located in the southern part of Pančevo, where complexesof oil refinery, chemical industry and river port are located. In relation to the landfill, by air line,
these complexes are at a distance of about 8 km to the northeast.

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Figure 2 Overview of facilities in closer and wider surroundings from the Vinča landfill_______________________________________________________________________________________ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT STUDY

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_________________________________________________________________________________________The Vinča landfill was formed in 1978. In the mid-1990s, a decision was made to close all city
dumps except the Vinča landfill. Starting from 1998, the landfill in Vinča is the only landfill in thecity of Belgrade which currently receives around 2,000 tonnes of waste per day, making it thelargest landfill in Serbia.
On the part of the complex of the existing “Vinča” landfill, a phase-out construction of a plant forenergy utilization of municipal waste - TE-TO for municipal waste is planned (hereinafter referred
to as EfW - Energy from Waste Plant) and landfill gas - a cogeneration plant for generating
electricity and/or heat from landfill gas (hereinafter referred to as BEP- Bio Gas Engine Plant), in
the southwest part, on an area of about 4.8 ha.

Figure 3 Microlocation of EfW and BEP plants
The surface of the whole Vinča complex is defined by the Amendments to the Plan of Detailed
Regulation of the Vinča Landfill, Volume 1 (Belgrade Urban Planning Institute, 2018). The Vinča
landfill complex is located in parts of the territory of 3 city municipalities (and 3 cadastralmunicipalities - CaM):- CiM Grocka, CaM Vinča- CiM Zvezdara, CaM Mali Mokri Lug and- CiM Palilula, CaM Slanci_______________________________________________________________________________________ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT STUDY

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_________________________________________________________________________________________The PDR document on the complex of the existing Vinča landfill envisages the formation of 5planning functional units (K1-K5):
K1 - surface for the construction of the facilities of the plant for municipal waste energy
recovery;K2 - platform for construction waste and construction waste treatment;
K3 - surface for the construction of a new sanitary landfill for municipal waste (new landfillbody);
4 - reclaimed area (area of the existing landfill body), supporting structure and internal roads
K5 - facilities in the function of the sanitary landfill, municipal waste water treatment plants,
inert waste landfill, internal roads and the protective green belt.
The construction of the EfW and BEP plant (the plant for energy utilization of municipal waste
and landfill gas "Vinča") is planned within the planning functional unit K1, on the formed building
parcel KP6-1.

2.1. CADASTRAL PARCELS ON WHICH THE PROJECT IS REALIZEDThe construction of the plant for energy utilization of municipal waste and landfill gas “Vinča” isplanned on the following cadastral parcels: 966/5, 967/4, 2693/10, 992/4, 966/1, 967/2, 992/2, 969/ 4, 969/3, 968/1, 990/3, 2693/1, 990/1, 991/6, 991/3, 991/2, 991/12, 1005/4, 1005/5, 1013/8,
1013/6, 979/1, 1108/3, 988, 987/2, 989/1, 990/4, 990/5, 1008/3, 1008/8, 2693/5, 989/4, all in CaM
Vinča , CiM Grocka - City of Belgrade.
For the project in question, Location Conditions were obtained, number 350-02-00085/2019-14 of
25.04.2019, Ministry of Construction, Transport and Infrastructure.

2.2. LAND AREA DATA
The area covered by the Detailed Regulation Plan is 149.8 ha. The area of the Vinča complex isapproximately 132 ha. An area of about 4.8 ha is planned for the EfW and BEP plants.

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2.3.
PREVIEWOF
PEDOLOGICAL,GEOMORPHOLOGICAL,GEOLOGICAL AND HYDROGEOLOGICAL AND SEISMOLOGICAL
CHARACTERISTICS OF THE TERRAIN
Pedology of the terrain
According to the pedological cover in the municipality of Grocka, two larger geomorphologicalunits are distinguished. A valley part where fluvisol type land is represented in the area towards
the Danube River at an altitude of 250-300 m. In the higher parts of the municipality, there ischernozem and a subtype of eroded chernozem over great deposits of loess. Vertisol is not much
represented. For the Northeast Šumadija hills the characteristic soil is kambisol and kambisol in
the process of podzolization with much less productive capacity than chernozem and fluvisol. Soilin the territory of Grocka municipality is characterized by very heterogeneous physical andchemical properties.
Topography and morphology of the terrain
In geomorphological terms, most of the surface of Belgrade is represented by hilly parts of theterrain, and a smaller part by flatlands. On the hilly, slightly undulant relief on which most of thecity of Belgrade is located, as well as a number of suburban settlements, especially stands out
Mount Kosmaj with an altitude of 626 m.a.s.l. from the geomorphological processes the mostimportant role in the formation of the relief of this area was the role of the fluvial process. The
following processes had or still have their share in the formation of the relief, karst, marine,
proluvial, deluvial, and aeolian process. The most noticeable forms of the fluvial process are thealluvial planes of the Sava and Danube rivers and river terraces.
At the site of the Vinča landfill, the terrain is hilly and characteristic of the right bank of the
Danube. Altitudes in the wider area range from 70 m along the Danube bank to 200-250 m.a.s.l.
west of the Danube.
In terms of morphology, two units can be distinguished within the terrain in question: the Danube
alluvial plain and its slopes, hilly hinterland. There are also two units in the sloping terrain. The
first unit is the immediate part of the right Danube slope, while the second unit includes the slopesof the Ošljanski stream, which developed in the western hinterland of the Danube slope. The
Danube slope is in the north-south direction, and in the landfill zone the width is 500-600 m, witha vertical rise of 80 to 170 m.a.s.l. The Danube sope south of the Ošljanski stream is 6-12°, evenup to 30-40°, while its northern part is much milder and the gradient ranges from 4 to 15°. The
slopes of the Ošljanski stream are relatively mild, with slopes of 6-9° (3.8-5.7%) on average,
extremely amount to 5° (3.0%) and maximum 15-18° (9.5-11.0) %). The southern branch of thevalley is much more winding than its western and northern parts.
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Geological and hydrogeological characteristics of the terrain
In the area defined for the construction of the municipal waste and landfill gas utilization facility,“Designing of geological-geotechnical explorations for the purposes of the construction of themunicipal waste energy recovery plant (EfW)” was carried out.
Design of exploration works (Source: Summary, Energoprojekt Hidroinženjering, 2017) defined
the type and scope of exploration works to obtain geological, hydrogeological and geomechanicaldata necessary for the construction of the plant. Geological surveys include studies of thecomposition, properties and conditions of the geological medium, and in particular:- Geological composition of the terrain: lithological composition, extent and characteristics ofthe rock mass, which is influenced by the effect of the atmosphere, structure;- Activity of modern geological processes: endogenous (neotectonic activity) and exogenous
processes (erosion, landslides, rocks, water supply);- Hydrogeological conditions in the field: groundwater regimes, water levels in the course of
projected excavations from the aspect of terrain stability;- Physico-mechanical properties of soil and rock mass: identification-classification andstructural properties, conditions for extrapolation of sample characteristics and areas ofmeasurement points of rock mass.
As part of the exploration work, two piezometers (Pz 7 and 8) and four exploration wells (EP 1114) were drilled. The basic information about these profiles is given in the table.
Table 1 Designed exploratory wells, piezometers and exploratory wells
Type of
Profile label
YX
Depth, m
exploratory work
EP-11
exploratory well
7467806.77 4959556.47
25
EP-12
exploratory well
7467755.32 4959502.32
25
EP-13
exploratory well
7467750.34 4959553.80
25
EP-14
exploratory well
7467747.62 4959420.09
25
Pz-7
piezometer
7467878.28 4959578.82
30
Pz-8
piezometer
7467680.47 4959438.94
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Figure 4 View of projected profiles - exploratory wells and piezometers
Hydrogeological characteristics were determined by determining the permeability coefficient andthe filtration coefficient of the material in the field, porosity, compactness and mineralogicalcontent, as well as measuring groundwater levels in piezometers.
Table 2 Overview of filtration characteristics and lithological description of profiles
Piezometer

Depths, (m)Kf, (m/s)

Lithological description
Diluvial deposits - Clay of medium plasticity (CI), hard,difficult to dry, of relatively homogeneous composition, of
Pz-7
4.00-5.00
5.76 x 10-9
low water permeability, with impurities of fine carbonate
concretions, of low moisture, brown color.
Diluvial deposits - Low to medium plasticity (CL/CI)
loessoid clay, of relatively homogeneous composition, of-7Pz-7
8.00-9.00
1.41 x 10
increased humidity, with rare impurities in the form of finecarbonate concretions, yellow.
Diluvial deposits - Dusty clay of low plasticity (CL), ofrelatively homogeneous composition, fissile, with pointPz-7
12.00-13.00
1.10 x 10-7
shaped Mn impurities and rare occurrence of small
carbonate concretions, brown.
Loess deposits - loess of clay-dust composition, low
Pz-8
3.70-4.70
5.98 x 10-8
plasticity (CL), high humidity, with carbonate impurities in_______________________________________________________________________________________ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT STUDY

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Piezometer

Depths, (m)Kf, (m/s)

Pz-8

7.60-8.60

1.34 x 10-6

Pz-8

12.50-13.50

5.89 x 10-7

Lithological description
the form of powders and concretions, brittle and friable.
Light yellow to dark yellow.
Loess Deposits - Fossil Soils - Clay of medium plasticity(CI), medium compressibility, brown.
Lake deposit - degraded marl clay, with many impurities in
the form of powders and concretions up to 13 m. Deeply
stratified with marl-sand clay, divided by cracks, twistedwith thin leaf lamels. The predominant yellow and yellowgray.

The loessoid deluvium hypsometrically covering the highest parts of the terrain with the functionof a hydrogeological aquifer is vertically watertight. May contain small amounts of water. Basedon the stacking and laboratory tests, the results of the filter coefficients for loessoid delvium in therange Kf = 1.34 x 10-6–5.98 x 10-8 m/s were obtained. The possibility of accumulating significant
amounts of groundwater in this medium should not be expected. The level of groundwater in loessplatforms depends on the position of the base of erosion, i.e. drainage zones. These aquifers aremainly fed by precipitation. Water rapidly penetrates the loess deposits after rain or, in cases ofhigh intensity rain, accumulates in shallow recesses and gradually penetrates from these temporary
ponds deep into the lesions to the level of the aquifer. Fluctuations in the level of the aquifer in thelesion are not significant.
Groundwater level measurements in piezometers are shown in the table.
Table 3 Groundwater level in Pz-5, Pz-7 and Pz-8 piezometers
Piezometer

Pz-5
Pz-7
Pz-8

25/11/2017

01/12/2017

13/12/2017

01/02/2018

07/03/2018

30/3/2018

Averagerelative
water
level, m

196.1
194.0
200.4

196.2
194.0
200.4

196.1
194.0
200.4

196.1
193.8
200.3

196.0
193.8
200.5

194.1
193.9
199.5

17.90
16.30
28.00

Groundwater level data (m.a.s.l)

Altitude(m.a.s.l)
214.0
210.2
228.4

The table indicatively also shows the groundwater level in the Pz-5 piezometer outside theexploratory area, but is part of the "Geological-geotechnical testing for the design and constructionof a new and remediation of the old Vinča landfill" (Energoprojekt Niskogradnja, November2017).
Based on the stacking test, the upper layers are somewhat permeable (this applies primarily toloessoid deluviums and carbonate clays), and groundwater levels are formed there. The lower
layers are of low permeability and are insulators, and the assumption is supported by groundwaterlevels measured in Pz-5 and Pz-7 piezometers (after level stabilization).
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The analysis of the obtained data in the stacking test and the data obtained by measuring the
groundwater level in the Pz-8 piezometer lead to the assumption that the groundwater levelindicates a highly permeable rock mass (the rock is degraded and highly cracked).
The hydrogeological insulator (clay) was punched during drilling, and all the water from the upper
aquifer was infiltrated through the marls into deeper layers. The groundwater level is at a depth
greater than the bottom of the piezometer because on this occasion, the piezometer remained dry.
This could indicate that the marls below the clay are degrading and bursting and that the water isinfiltrated into deeper layers.
The opinion that the aquifer is at a depth deeper than the bottom of the drilled piezometers was
confirmed by measuring the groundwater level in a well located at a nearby asphalt base. The
groundwater level in the well, measured on November 11, 2017 was 120.00 m, Which is about 80
m below ground level and about 50 m below the bottom of drilled Pz 7 and 8 piezometers.
In the report on the exploratory works carried out, the Designer noted that he did not have dataobtained over a long period of time in order to confirm the assumptions described above, andconcluded that it was necessary to monitor groundwater levels in the piezometers for at least onehydrological year.

Figure 5 Geological profileand piezometers (Pz 7 and 8) and exploratory wells (EP 11-14)_______________________________________________________________________________________ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT STUDY

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Seismological characteristics of the terrain
According to the latest regional surveys of the Republic Seismological Institute of Serbia(www.seismo.gov.rs) seismicity parameters for the territory of the Republic of Serbia were
determined. According to the seismic hazard map for the expected maximum horizontal
acceleration on the base rock - Acc(g) and the expected maximum earthquake intensity - I max inthe units of the European Macro-seismic Scale (EMS-98), within the return period of 95, 475 and975 years, the earthquakes of maximum intensity and acceleration can be expected shown in thetable.

Seismic parameters
Acc(g) max.
I max (EMS-98)

Table 4 Seismic parameters
Return time period (years)
95475
0.03-0.12
0.05-0.25
V-VII
VI-VIII

975
0.05-0.30
VII-IX

Figure 6 Seismic hazard map by horizontal acceleration parameter(return period 95 years (left) and return period 475 years (right)_______________________________________________________________________________________ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT STUDY

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Figure 7 Seismic hazard map by macroseismic intensity parameter(return period 95 years (left) and return period 475 years (right)
Based on the presented seismic hazard maps (Source; www.seismo.gov.rs), according to themacroseismic intensity parameter, the territory of the city of Belgrade is in zone VI-VIII MCS(Merkalli scale).

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2.4. DATA ON THE SOURCE OF WATER SUPPLY
Today, the Belgrade Water Supply System is a complex water management system and is madeup of a complex of hydraulic structures:- source,- transportation of raw water,- water treatment plants and- distribution system:• primary transport (tunnel system),• water supply network,• pumping stations and• reservoirs.
The length of the water supply network is 3,263 kilometers, 25-2,500 millimeters in diameter. It
has 135,000 main connections, 15,000 hydrants, 27 tanks of 240,000 cubic meters and 28 36megawatt pumping stations.
Water is treated in 5 plants: Bela Voda, Banovo Brdo, Bežanija, Makiš and Vinča. The design
capacity of the groundwater plant is 8,060 l s and the river water plant 3,580 l/s. There areproduction facilities in Makiš: "Makiš I" and "Jezero".
The Banovo Brdo, Bežanija plants and part of the Bela Voda plant treat groundwater. The
following technological procedures are applied: aeration, retention, filtration and chlorination.
The second part of the Bele vode, Makiš and Vinča plants treat river water. The production
facilities of Makiš and Jezero apply the modern technology of river water treatment with more
complex technological processes, which besides clarification, sand filtration and final disinfection
with chlorine, include ozonation and filtration of water with activated carbon filters.
The water supply system in Vinča was incorporated into the Belgrade water supply system in 1997.
The water supply system supplies drinking water to some 15,000 inhabitants of Vinča and Leštane
settlements, and the water that is treated is surface water in origin and is pumped from the Danube.
The project location is outside the protection zone of the Belgrade spring.

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2.5. CLIMATE
INDICATORSCHARACTERISTICS

WITH

METEROLOGICAL

According to its climatic characteristics, the study area belongs to the temperate continental climate
zone, with warm summers and cold winters, as the main characteristics of this type of climate. The
basic climatic characteristics of the exploratory area are conditioned by its geographical location,
wide openness to the Pannonian Plain as well as relief. In addition, topographic and morphologicalfeatures make Belgrade a "Košava" area. Summers are warm and temperatures over 30° C usually
last on average 31 days a year, and temperatures over 25° C last on average 95 days. Winters arecold and snowy with an average of 21 days a year below 0° C.
Due to the complete openness to the north and northwest and the absence of more pronounced
orographic obstacles, this area is often influenced by cold air masses that easily penetrate the northand central Europe. Northwest of Obrenovac, at a distance of 60 km in air line, there is a mountainmassif, Fruška Gora (538 m.a.s.l), which is also the only orographic obstacle to these air currents.
In order to determine the climatic characteristics of the exploratory area, the data of mean annual
precipitation for the Belgrade rain gauge, as well as data of mean annual temperatures and humidity
for the Belgrade meteorological station, were analyzed. Official data on climatic parameters wereobtained from the Belgrade Meteorological Observatory (44° 48' NL and 20°28' EL, 132 m.a.s.l inKarađorđe Park) for the period 2000-2018.
Precipitation
The complete analysis and interpretation of precipitation amounts is one of the bases for the studyof groundwater and other environmental parameters in the exploratory area. Precipitation amounts
discharged to the exploratory area vary throughout the year and depend on relief, altitude, rainfall
exposure, and rainfall is unevenly distributed throughout the year with values varying widely.
The data of the Republic Hydrometeorological Institute of Serbia for rain gauge stations Belgradewere used to determine the precipitation regime in the exploratory area. Average annual
precipitation sums for the period 2000-2018 have been analyzed.
Table 5 Average monthly and annual precipitation (mm) for the weather station
Belgrade for the period 2000-2018 (RHSS, Belgrade)year/month
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006

I
27.3
35.3
15.1
62.9
93.5
52.2
43.2

II
III
28.3 30.3
27.2 65.6
14.0 14.8
26.5 11.4
29.4 18.9
84.2 33.9
59.1 104.4

IV
V
VI
VII VIII41.9 34.5 19.1
29.3 7.8
157.9 47.0 186.0 19.7 56.7
53.7 20.9 79.6
60.7 106.8
23.1 39.5 33.4
111.8 6.4
71.7 63.3 113.8 94.6 89.3
54.7 47.4 95.1
91.4 144.3
97.0 42.3 137.8 23.3 120.6

IX
X
XI
XII
70.7 16.6 20.7 41.2
183.7 16.7 63.4 33.9
51.9 88.3 35.8 52.8
57.6 115.2 23.4 36.7
45.0 32.9 129.5 50.3
54.1 28.6 23.5 78.8
24.3 20.9 24.5 51.9

TOTAL
367.70893.10594.40547.90832.20788.20749.30_______________________________________________________________________________________ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT STUDY45

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2007
year/month
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
Monthly
precipitation(average)

49.3
I
44.6
55.1
91.6
47.8
87.2
76.9
24.1
48.6
46.3
23.4
29.3

56
II
8.3
85.2
112.8
55.6
61.5
53.4
19.9
52.4
38.5
23.5
58.1

99.6
III
79.7
64.9
47.2
27.9
2.4
95.4
48.7
132.9
102.6
27
64.8

3.8 79 107.6 17.5 72.5
IV
V
VI
VII VIII
34.9 60.6 43.3
53 45.6
6.1 34.7 151
80 44.5
43.7 86.4 181.7 41.4 53.5
14.1 66.8 41.1
95 14.0
66.9 127.9 16.0
39 4.521.3 104.4 50±1
2.9 3.0
85.3 280.4 60.3
250.6 63.5
30.7 80.7 38.6
10.6 49.5
53.9 71.3 152.2
35 60.8
51.8 86.1 53
26.4 19.5
39.7 56.2 121.6
53 44.8

84.1 103.6 131.5 34.5
839.00
IX
X
XI
XII
TOTAL
68.5 18.4 51.0 79
586.903.9 98.9 59.5 120.6 804.40
51.8 48.8 45.2 36.1 840.20
47.7 36.1 5.0
48499.1030.7 44.9 28.1 55.1 564.20
58/7 52 40
7.9
566.00126 61.2 8.8
66,31,095.10
101.4 71.8 63.4 3.8
684.4047.8 76.8 71.8 2.6759,648.5 65.9 41.2 45,2 508.8
11.2 18.6 35.3 60.7 603.3

50.19

47.05 56.44 50.12 75.23 88.49 59.75 53.03 61.45 53.48 47.45 47.65

690.73

As can be seen from the table above, the rainiest month for the analyzed period is June, while theleast rainfall is discharged during February and November. The mean perennial precipitation for
the exploratory area is 690.73 mm of water column. Due to the size of the exploratory area, as wellas the different altitudes of individual parts of the city, the average annual rainfall varies from 3671095.1 mm.
Air temperature
Air temperature is a direct indicator of the amount of solar energy which a given area receives,
which is considered an important parameter in the estimation of water evaporation from the soil
surface, that is, in determining the water balance. Measurement data from the meteorological station"Belgrade" for the period 2000-2018 were used to define the temperature regime, which are
represented graphically.

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_________________________________________________________________________________________

Figure 8 Diagram of mean monthly air temperatures for the weather station
Belgrade (2000-2018)
Air temperatures in the given period record a continuous increase during the year from the coldest
January to the warmest July, after which the tendency of the temperature drop to the month ofDecember is recorded. The lowest average temperatures occur during January (2° C) and the highest
during July (24.3° C). The mean perennial value of air temperature over the period considered is
13.8° C.
Relative air humidity
Knowledge of the relative humidity of the air is very significant because of its effect on theformation of fog, clouds and precipitation in a given area. Also, the magnitude of the relative
humidity is inversely proportional to the air temperature, which means that as the temperature rises,
the relative humidity decreases and vice versa.

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_________________________________________________________________________________________

Table 6 Average monthly and annual relative humidity for the Belgrade Weather Station for theperiod 2000-2018 (RHSS, Belgrade)year/month
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
Average

I
78.6
75.2
75.9
82.3
80.3
78.3
74.1
66.0
75.0
95.0
80.0
92.0
76.0
78.0
75.0
77.0
76.0
77.0
75.0
78.2

II
67.6
68.1
62.8
77.1
73.8
82.8
77.6
69.0
64.0
75.0
76.0
77.0
75.0
76.0
68.0
77.0
68.0
69.0
79.0
72.8

III
61.6
61.0
55.1
58.5
64.3
68.1
68.4
61.0
63.0
65.0
63.0
63.0
50.0
70.0
66.0
68.0
68.0
61.0
72.0
63.5

IV
57.3
64.6
62.8
55.9
67.2
60.9
66.3
44.0
63.0
53.0
67.0
54.0
59.0
58.0
69.0
56.0
57.0
59.0
56.0
59.5

V
54.5
62.9
57.3
55.5
65.0
64.8
61.1
62.0
58.0
57.0
67.0
66.0
66.0
59.0
67.0
64.0
63.0
65.0
59.0
61.8

VI
47.3
67.5
57.0
53.0
68.4
62.4
68.7
58.0
61.0
67.0
73.0
61.0
52.0
66.0
61.0
61.0
66.0
56.0
68.0
61.8

VII
50.9
66.5
61.8
62.9
62.4
67.6
55.9
46.0
57.0
60.0
66.0
59.0
50.0
52.0
65.0
48.0
59.0
49.0
69.0
58.3

VIII
44.9
61.5
68.0
49.8
69.1
75.0
70.7
59.0
55.0
60.0
61.0
55.0
41.0
54.0
66.0
53.0
66.0
50.0
61.0
58.9

IX
66.3
76.8
69.8
64.1
69.7
74.6
65.1
68.0
67.0
59.0
70.0
55.0
53.0
66.0
73.0
67.0
63.0
63.0
58.0
65.7

X
67.3
75.0
72.2
74.4
75.3
70.9
64.8
78.0
69.0
73.0
73.0
67.0
69.0
68.0
72.0
78.0
76.0
68.0
60.0
71.1

XI
68.0
79.6
68.1
76.5
76.0
75.5
69.6
76.0
69.0
78.0
68.0
78.0
72.0
76.0
74.0
70.0
72.0
77.0
74.0
73.5

XII
78.3
80.7
77.0
77.6
81.2
80.8
81.0
83.0
76.0
81.0
79.0
76.0
79.0
79.0
80.0
85.0
76.0
75.0
80.0
79.2

Annual
61.9
70.0
65.7
65.6
71.1
71.8
68.6
64.17
64.75
68.58
70.3
66.9
61.8
66.8
69.7
67.0
67.5
64.1
67.6
67.0

The mean perennial value of relative humidity for the observed period is 67.0%. The month withthe highest values of average relative humidity is December, 79.2%, and with the lowest values isJuly, 58.3%.
Air currents
Like other climatic parameters, the wind rose is primarily influenced by relief, topography, city
structure, that is, built structures, vegetation, pollution and more. In the case of Belgrade, the mostinfluential factors are the Danube, Avala and Kosmaj and other parameters mentioned. Frequencyof winds by directions, so-called "wind rose", obtained from data from the Vračar MeteorologicalObservatory (φ 4448 N λ 2028E m.a.s.l. 132), has a shape characteristic of the entire Košava region.
It is dominated by two directions: southeast and west-northwest. The southeastern direction iscommonly known as "košava" and the west-northwestern direction is called "gornjak". It is moreaccurate to look at these two directions as sectors, the first as a sector between east and south, andthe second as a sector between west and northwest. This is because in the "košava process" the wind
can vary from east to south in different situations. Gornjak varies from west to northwest.

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_________________________________________________________________________________________

N

NE

E

SE

S

SW

W

NW

C

Table 7 Relative wind frequencies by directions in ppm and mean wind speeds in m/s,
(for the period 2000-2018)

Relative frequencies (‰)

89.8

81.7

69.3

216.3

173.7

61.3

194.8

172.9

41.4

mean speeds (m/s)

2.3

2

2.1

3.4

3.0

1.9

2.3

2.4

-

Note: Wind frequency and velocity data at Belgrade Observatory station are not available in the
RHSS Yearbook 2017 .

Figure 9 Relative wind frequencies by directions and silent periods in ppm and mean wind speeds
in m/s,(for the period 2000-2018)
Based on the aforementioned and the wind rose for the city of Belgrade, the air masses from the Vinča
landfill complex will move, depending on the direction of blowing of the dominant wind, in the southsoutheast/west-northwest direction, i.e. towards the villages of Vinča (in the south), i.e Slanci and Veliko
Selo (in the northwest/north).
Fog and smog
Belgrade's complex topography is also reflected in the differences in the types of fog and smog in theindividual topoclimatic zones of the city. Based on observations made at the Vračar MeteorologicalObservatory, according to the Atlas of the Yugoslav Climate for the period 1931-1960, the annual
number of days with fog in Belgrade is 39. At Zeleno brdo Observatory, types and frequency of fog arelike "mountain" stations. Fog on it is about 30% more frequent in winter than on Vračar, although it isfar from the source of pollution. The cause of the more frequent winter fogs on Zeleno Brdo is that low
clouds occur at this altitude ten to fifteen times a year, and at the site itself, the interior of the clouds
registers as fog (Source: Belgrade Ecological Atlas, City Institute for Health Protection Belgrade, 2002).
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_________________________________________________________________________________________

2.6. DESCRIPTION OF THE FLORA AND FAUNA, NATURAL GOODS OF
SPECIAL VALUE OF (PROTECTED) RARE AND THREATENED PLANTS
AND ANIMAL SPECIES AND THEIR HABITATS AND VEGETATIONIn Serbia, natural areas are protected under various legislative frameworks and international
conventions:- Protected Areas - defined by the following acts: Law on National Parks (Official Gazetteof RS 33/93 and 44/93) and Law on Nature Protection (Official Gazette of RS, Nos. 36/09 and88/10)- The areas of the Emerald network are defined on the basis of the Berne Convention.
- Important Bird Areas (IBAs) - defined international organization by BirdLife International- Important Areas for Plants (IPA) - defined by international organization Plantlife
International- Selected Areas for Daily Butterflies (PBA) - Defined by different criteria (such as Red
Data Book, EU Habitats Directive 32/43, individual research, etc.).
- Ramsar sites - defined by the global organization Wetland International under the Ramsar
Convention.
Serbia's Ecological Network consists of Areas of Special Ecological Importance (ASCI) andEcological Corridors.
The planned project is not located in any of the above areas or networks. IPA, PBA or Ramsar
sites are not located near (within 5 km) of the planned project area.
Within 5 km of the site, approximately 4.5 km southeast, on the opposite side of the river bank of
the Danube, is the protected area Strict Nature Reserve Ivanovo.
The location of the Emerald Network candidate, "Pančevačke ade" RS0000056, is located at
approx. 2.6 km north - northeast of the planned project area and only within 5 km of the site.
"Pančevačke ade" are a complex system of river islands with well-developed wetland vegetation
and associated wetland fauna.

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_________________________________________________________________________________________

Figure 10 Emerald Network Area Near Landfill, Source: Official Online GIS Search Engineof the Council of Europe (http://emerald.eea.europa.eu/)
The following areas of the Ecological Network of Serbia are located near the landfill:- Area of special ecological importance "the Sava estuary into the Danube" and- Ecological corridor of international importance "the Danube and its enclosed/floodplain
areas upstream and downstream".
Area of special ecological importance "the Sava estuary into the Danube" is located at the mouthof the Sava River and the Danube River. It is protected for its habitats in aquatic and wetland
habitats that support a wide variety of animal species.
This area has the same boundaries as the Important Bird Areas (IBA) also referred to as the "theSava estuary into the Danube" RS017IBA. Includes Protected Areas Land of Exceptional Features
the Great War Island in Belgrade, part of the Land of Exceptional Features of the Forland LeftBank of the Danube near Belgrade and part of the Protected Habitat Area of Veliko Blato; all ofthese areas are located more than 9 km northwest of the planned project. It also includes thecandidate area for the Emerald Network of "Pančevačke ade" RS0000056. The Ošljan oxbow lakes
are part of the "Sava estuary into the Danube" area of special ecological importance.
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_________________________________________________________________________________________The ecological corridor of international importance "Danube and its enclosed/floodplain areas
upstream and downstream" is a large corridor that extends across the Danube River and part of its
floodplain with stagnant water (ponds, oxbow lakes, etc.).
This area includes protected areas Special Nature Reserve "Bagremara", Nature Park "Begečka
jama" and three nature monuments "Kamenički park", "Ivanovačka ada", "Ritske šume na
Mačkovom sprudu". It also overlaps with the area in the process of designation as a protected area
under the name "Ribarsko ostrvo", and the three areas planned to be protected in the future are"Bogojevački rit", "Rit između Plavne i Bačkog Novog Sela" and "Ritovi Podunavlja".

2.7. BASIC CHARACTERISTICS OF THE LANDSCAPE
Basic landscape features are defined by the terrain, natural conditions and human activities. In thewider area, which is roughly described as a 20 km buffer zone, there are four basic types oflandscape:• Agricultural landscape of Vojvodina. It is characterized by dense relief and intensive useof arable land. There is a negligible proportion of forests and natural areas, with the exception of
those parts along the watercourse. The Danube River is the dominant water course. Visibility islimited due to the uniformity of the relief. The landscape character can be described as apredominantly anthropogenic agricultural landscape.
• River landscape - the Danube and Sava Rivers. They are the most important line elementsof the landscape and an important determinant of the terrain movement. In some places along theriver banks embankments have been built, but in a significant part one can find a natural state withthe bay areas, river islands and wetlands.
• Intensive urbanized areas. Belgrade agglomeration stands out here with suburban areas andsatellite cities (e.g. Požarevac). They carry the anthropogenic urban landscape. The landscape ismainly characterized by a dense population, large spatial range and numerous infrastructural andindustrial elements.
• Southern mosaic areas. The landscape character is made up of a mountainous relief covered
with a mosaic mixture of small agricultural land, small forests and suburban areas. The share of
agricultural land is proportional to the growing distance from the city center. The area includes
suburban settlements: Grocka, Voždovac, Barajevo, Sopot, Mladenovac, Lazarevac, Obrenovac
and continues south.
The location of the project is at the intersection of the landscapes described. It is a hilly area
between the agricultural landscape in the east and north and the urbanized area of Belgrade andPožarevac in the west and north. The southern suburbs are about 5 km away. Along the easternand northern borders is the Danube with its natural wetlands.

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_________________________________________________________________________________________A 5 km buffer zone can be considered a narrower area. This is an area of potentially significant
visual contact with the components of the planned project. The narrower area is divided into basic
landscape patterns and displayed as a map. This method provided the basis for a qualitative
analysis of the structural elements of the landscape and the process that affects the state of thelandscape.
The project location, e.g. the existing landfill, is the dominant landscape element. Compared toother areas, it has opposite visual and character features. It represents a spatial element that is seen
as a negative phenomenon. The landfill is located on a gentle slope oriented east. It is visible fromthe immediate surroundings and from the east side of the buffer zone. These are the areas along
the Danube River and the agricultural area on the east side of the Danube. The asphalt base islocated southwest of the landfill, at the edge of the project boundary. Due to the proximity of thelandfill and its industrial character, it can be considered as a negative spatial phenomenon.
The agricultural landscape with a mosaic structure surrounds the landfill. This is a mixture of small
agricultural areas, which are mainly orchards, meadows and areas under various stages of natural
succession. Agriculture is an important factor in the structure of the landscape. The appearance ofagricultural plots, which in this case are shaped organically in relation to the relief, greatly
influence the structure of the landscape and the visual dynamics.
Locally isolated buildings can be seen near densely populated areas (Belgrade suburban areas). As
for the existing landfill, they are located at least 1.5 km away. These are locations south of Veliko
selo and east of Mirijevo and Kaluđerica. There is also a monastery and cemetery about 1 km northof the landfill, and a cemetery 0.9 km south. The elements described do not occupy a significant
area of space and are therefore not a significant factor of the landscape.
The visual contact of these settlements with the landfill was prevented due to the hilly relief,vegetation and microlocation of the landfill complex.
The Danube River with the bank is a landscape element of natural character. They represent a
linear element of the landscape structure. On the east side of the Danube is a large area of intensive
agriculture. The landscape picture consists of agricultural land and gravel roads in the flat relief.
The urban structures of Starčevo and Pančevo are located on the north side. Due to the flat terrain,significant visual contact is stronger towards the hilly area to the west.
The industrial landscape of Pančevo is located outside the 5 km buffer zone and can be described
as an anthropogenic landscape with a strong industrial character. As such, it is a spatial
phenomenon that causes negative visual and symbolic connotations.

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_________________________________________________________________________________________

2.8. IMMOVABLE CULTURAL GOODS
Within the administrative district of Belgrade, which also covers the area of the city municipalityof Grocka, there are approximately 350 protected immovable cultural goods. In addition, there are
numerous cultural heritage sites at lower levels of protection. The highest concentration of cultural
goods is located in the central part of Belgrade, and their number is decreasing towards peripheral
areas.
Given the very favorable geographical position in the immediate vicinity of the Danube, theterritory of the present municipality of Grocka has long been the perfect place for the formation ofhuman settlements. The first and oldest traces of settlements in this area date back to the Neolithic- New Stone Age. The remains of settlements from this period have been found at several
archeological sites in the settlements of Grocka municipality. Certainly, one of the most important,by which the whole culture is named, is the Belo Brdo archeological site in Vinča - cultural heritage- an archeological site that has a status of significance for the Republic of Serbia (Decision No.
653/5 of 10 November 1965, Cultural Resource of Extreme Importance, Decision, "Official
Gazette of the FRS", No. 14/79). The Belo Brdo archaeological site in Vinča is located on the rightbank of the Danube, close to the area covered by the Detailed Regulation Plan.
The impact of the project on cultural and historical facilities and sites (cultural goods) can be seen
as direct and indirect. Considering the concept of the project in question and the possible effects
on the elements of cultural heritage, 2 zones of influence have been defined.
- The direct impact is any physical destruction of facilities/sites in the project area, as wellas any violation of the context of cultural heritage elements that are outside the project areaboundaries. Given the nature of the project, a zone within 100 meters of the project boundaries is
considered a zone of direct impact. Hereafter, the area of direct impact is designated as Zone 1.
- The violation of the integrity of the related area of cultural goods is considered to be an
indirect impact, and this applies to the area from a distance of 100 meters to 2000 meters from the
project boundaries. Taking into account the final appearance of the planned project and a clear
view of the area, this is an area where negative impacts on the cultural context of archeologicaland ethnological sites and zones and historic urban, rural and religious complexes are possible.
Hereinafter, the zone of indirect impact is designated as Zone 2.
There are no UNESCO protection sites in Zones 1 and 2 (www.srbija.com, Serbian UNESCOWorld Heritage Sites). The site of the Vinča landfill is part of the former borders of the Roman
Empire.
Within Zone 1 (covered by project boundaries) there is a registered archaeological site "Ošljane",defined as a cultural property, enjoying prior protection under the Law on Cultural Goods. This
place is in the valley of the Ošljanski stream, west of the village of Vinča - Veliko Selo, on a gentle
slope on the right bank of the stream. The site is known to archaeologists for accidentally
discovering Roman pottery. In 1975, the Museum of the City of Belgrade carried out small-scale
exploratory research. Archaeological finds contain remains of the Veteran's Villa from the second
to the third century.
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_________________________________________________________________________________________

It is also important to note that in the conditions issued by the Institute for the Protection of Cultural
Monuments, the location of the archaeological site of Ošljane is spatially very inaccurately
displayed, without a clearly defined location of the described building of the Veteran's Villa. The
question is where the detected building is located within the defined zone.
Within Zone 2 is an archeological site at the site of the present-day Monastery of Saint Archdeacon
Stefan (Slanci Monastery). It is located 1.2 km north of the existing landfill. The new complex
was built in 1960. The site was once used for religious purposes, and on several occasions wascompletely destroyed due to the conquest of the site by the Ottoman Empire.
The monastery cemetery is located about 0.7 km northeast of the monastery. The monastery andcemetery do not have visual and functional contact with the project site due to the relief andvegetation obstacles. The old “village” cemetery in Vinča is located about 1 km south of the projectboundary. This is a sacral element of local significance.
According to the Belgrade Master Plan 2021 ("Official Gazette of the City of Belgrade", No. 27/03,
25/05, 34/07, 63/09 and 70/14) there are two cultural goods (archeological sites) about 1 km
northeast of the existing landfill, in the territory of Gornje Ošljane.

2.9. POPULATION AND CONCENTRATION OF POPULATION
According to the 2011 Census, the city of Belgrade had a population of 1,659,440. The total
population increased by 5% in 2002-2011. The average population density for the City of Belgrade
is 514 inhabitants/km2 and is higher than the average population density in Serbia.
The municipality of Grocka covers an area of 289 km2, which has a population of about 83,907(2011 Census). According to the census, Vinča had a population of 6,779 (358 inhabitants/km2).
There are 1831 households in Vinča and the average number of members per household is 3.18.
The area covered by Vinča is 18.95 km2.
An informal settlement was formed in the northern part of the planned landfill construction
complex, adjacent to the existing landfill fence. Families who collect and sort the secondary raw
materials at the landfill and then sell them to the purchasers live in this settlement.
In this area, 17 families (85 persons) were identified whose members were present in their homes
between 2014 and 8 June 2016. Of these, 41 were men, 44 were women, 38 were minors (under
18 years), 47 were adults, and with the note that 6 persons did not have valid documentation todetermine their age. The Action Plan provides for the resettlement of families living in an informal
settlement at the site of the Vinča landfill, which is described in more detail in Chapter 5.1.

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55

_________________________________________________________________________________________

2.10. DATA ON EXISTING COMMERCIAL AND RESIDENTIAL
BUILDINGS AND FACILITIES OF INFRASTRUCTURE AND
SUPRASTRUCTURE
Of the economic facilities near the Vinča landfill complex, the asphalt base and the Vinča Instituteof Nuclear Sciences are of significance for the project in question.
Larger industrial areas are located in the western parts of Belgrade. In relation to the landfill, they
are approximately 5 km away in air line in the southwest, west and northwest direction. The highvoltage substation is located 3 km northwest of the landfill.
The most important industrial zone is located in the southern part of Pančevo, where the oil
refinery, chemical industry and river port are located. In relation to the landfill, these zones arelocated at a distance of about 8 km in air line, to the northeast. Residential buildings are in thesuburban settlements of Vinča, Veliko selo, Slanci and Mirijevo. The aforementioned settlements
are of high residential density and the closest settled households are more than 1000 m away fromthe landfill complex in Vinča.
The traffic connection to the Vinča landfill has been realized through Beogradska Street from thepoint of turning off from Smederevo Road. According to the Belgrade Master Plan 2021 ("Official
Gazette of the City of Belgrade", No. 27/03, 25/05, 34/07 and 63/09), Smederevo Road iscategorized as a main road, and Beogradska Street and the road to the landfill belong to the streetsof the second class. The total annual traffic from the landfill complex to public roads is about
135,348 vehicles.
Within the boundaries of the PDR, there are TS 10/0.4 kV "Beogradska bb, waste dump",
underground cable of 10 kV, overhead and underground network of 1 kV, as well as public lighting
installations. The existing electricity networks are built in free space, following the corridor ofexisting roads. For the existing overhead lines of 35 kV, a protective corridor of 30 m length (15m each from the linear axis) was provided. The Vinča landfill complex is at a distance of about
2200 m from the existing water pipeline route Ø200, which is located in the substrate of theSmederevo Road. The traffic connection from Smederevo Road to the Vinča Landfill Complex
has a Ø100 mm pipeline of about 450 m in length.
From Smederevo Road to the landfill complex, no sewage network was installed. There is no gas
pipeline network and gas stations (GMRS, IAS, etc.) in the specified area. The landfill complex isconnected to an automatic telephone exchange (ATE) "Kaluđerica". The accesstelecommunication network is made by underground cables.
Suprastructural facilities (hospitality facilities, galleries, exhibition, congress, entertainment
facilities, etc.) are located more than 1000 m away in air line from the Vinča landfill complex.
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2.11. HEALTH DATA IN SERBIA
According to data published by the Institute of Public Health of Serbia (Source: Health Statistical
Yearbook of the Republic of Serbia 2016), the most common causes of death in 2016 in Serbia(excluding the Symptoms, Signs and Abnormal Clinical and Laboratory findings group (4.9%)),belong to the following disease groups:- vascular disease 51.8%- neoplasm disease 21.8%- respiratory diseases 4.8%
- endocrine, nutritional and metabolic diseases 3.3%
- digestive tract disease 3.2%
In 2015, the most common causes of death in Serbia, excluding the Symptoms, Signs andAbnormal Clinical and Laboratory findings group (5.4%), belong to the following disease groups:- vascular diseases 52.7%- neoplasm diseases 20.6%- respiratory diseases 5.3%
- digestive tract disease 3.2%
- injury, poisoning and certain other consequences of external causes 2.8%
Chronic non-communicable diseases: cardiovascular disease, malignant tumors, diabetes,
obstructive pulmonary disease, injury and poisoning, mental health disorders and other chronic
diseases have dominated decades in national pathology.
Cardiovascular disease and malignant tumors accounted for more than two-thirds of all deaths in
Serbia in 2016. More than half of all fatal outcomes (51.7%) are due to death from vascular disease
and nearly one in five people who died (21.3%) were victims of a malignant tumor.
In Serbia, 2.8% of the population died from injuries and poisoning, 3.1% as a result ofcomplications of diabetes, while 2.6% died as a result of obstructive pulmonary disease. Between
2007 and 2016, a 2.6% slight increase in overall mortality was observed in Serbia due to increased
mortality from leading chronic non-communicable diseases. In the observed period, the highest
increase in mortality was associated with malignant disease (10.3%), diabetes (10.0%) andobstructive pulmonary disease (7.4%). The lowest mortality rate was recorded due to injuries andpoisoning (22.7%) and vascular diseases (5.4%).
Although the increased mortality rate may partly be explained by better diagnosis and recognitionof the cause of death, the fact is that the majority of the population in Serbia is suffering from anddying of coronary and heart disease. It is known that 75% of heart diseases are caused byconventional lifestyle risks - smoking, hypertension, high cholesterol, malnutrition, obesity andinactivity.
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_________________________________________________________________________________________In addition, many socio-economic studies suggest a link between low socio-economic status andheart and coronary diseases.
In 2016, 52,102 people in Serbia died of cardiovascular disease. Cardiovascular diseases accountfor 51.7% of all causes of death and are the leading cause of death in Serbia. Women were more
likely to die of cardiovascular disease (54.3%) than men (45.7%). Ischemic heart disease andcerebrovascular disease are the leading causes of death in this group of diseases.
Over the 10-year period, the mortality rate for cardiovascular disease in Serbia dropped from 780.4
to 738.2/100,000 inhabitants. Between 2007 and 2016, the death rate for women decreased by
5.2% and for men by 5.7%.
Between 2005 and 2014, the average number of people diagnosed with malignant diseases inCentral Serbia was 25,834 per year, while 14,755 died of cancer per year. According to data fromthe Central Serbia Cancer Registry, in 2014, 26,362 new cases (422 malignant tumors) wereregistered and 15,152 died of cancer.
The City of Belgrade has one of the highest mortality rates (males 178.5/100,000, females
121.3/100,000).
According to cancer registry data, men were mostly diagnosed and died of bronchus and lung,colon and rectal cancers and prostate cancer. With women, the most common places of malignant
tumors are breasts, bronchum and lungs, colon and rectum. At the same time, women were mostly
victims of breast, bronchus and lung cancer, as well as colon and rectal cancer (Source: RS Health
Yearbook, 2016).

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3.0 PROJECT DESCRIPTIONIn the southwestern part of the existing complex of the Vinča landfill, a phase construction of theplant for the energy utilization of municipal waste - TE-TO on municipal waste (EfW plant) and acogeneration plant on landfill gas (BEP plant) is planned, on an area of about 4.8 ha .
The plant for the generation of energy from waste (EfW) with the cogeneration plant (combined,
heat and electricity) includes:- waste incinerator (with waste hopper and waste incineration system)- boiler for heat recuperation and steam turbine generator (for the utilization of the obtainedenergy)- plant for the treatment of the slag from the incinerator bottom (IBA zone)- flue gas and flue gas residues (also referred to as flue gas treatment residues - APCR)
treatment plant by stabilization and solidification processes.
Landfill gas cogeneration plant (BEP) for receiving energy from landfill gas from an existing
landfill and a new landfill for untreated residual municipal waste includes:- landfill gas extraction,- plant for the energy utilization through the production of electricity- flue gas treatment plant
The site for the construction of the EfW/BEP plant has the following infrastructure planned:- collectors for dewatering and the collection of waste water (potentially polluted
atmospheric water)- access and interior roads- operating / manipulation surfaces
The construction of EfW and BEP plants is planned within the planned functional unit K1, on theformed building parcel KP6-1. The planning functional unit K1 is divided into two sub-units
through the preparation of technical documentation:- Functional unit/unit 1/1: refers to EfW plant facilities and- Functional unit/unit 1/2: refers to BEP plant facilities_______________________________________________________________________________________ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT STUDY59

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Figure 11 Layout view of the complex of the EfW and BEP plants
Source: Plant for the energy utilization of municipal waste, Sub-unit 1/1, IDP 0: Main Volume(Energoprojekt Entel ad, 2018)
Note: The detailed description of the project that follows is taken from the technicaldocumentation, the list and description of which is given in Chapter 12.0.

3.1. DESCRIPTION OF PREVIOUS WORKS ON THE PROJECT
The preparatory work project (IDP, 10: Preparatory works project, “Energoprojekt Entel” ad,2018) covers the planning (primary leveling) of the terrain as well as the construction ofdiaphragms in the area planned for the placement of the plant for energy utilization of municipal
waste and landfill gas.
The primary leveling of the terrain is intended to bring the terrain angles approximately to the levelof the final leveling of the plant and to prevent the foundation soil from soaking, as well as to allow
access to the machinery for making the diaphragms.
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Due to the unfavorable terrain configuration, and due to the technological requirements for thefacilities to be at the same level, the construction of the diaphragms is envisaged in order to ensure
the slope stability.
As the designed zero level of most facilities is +215.00 m.a.s.l, the planned terrain is envisaged at
the same level. Some deviations from the stated level are conditioned by the requirement formechanization in the diaphragm placement zone as well as the planned level of the plateau for
unloading municipal waste.
In the course of the planning of the terrain, 3 traffic entrances to the location in question areforeseen from the existing road within the Vinča landfill complex. All 3 connections are temporary
and their opening and closing will be adjusted to the dynamics and type of work.
Freight vehicles will not interfere with the functioning of traffic on the existing road, both fromthe aspect of flow and from the aspect of safety, when entering the access road.
In this regard, conditions for shaking materials from the wheels of transport vehicles and washingvehicles and wheels should be provided at the location concerned, in order to prevent the material
from getting on the road and obstructing traffic.
The perimeter of the site in question provides for ground canals that will be connected to the final
network of perimeter canals and will serve the final leveling of the EfW/BEP plant.
As detailed in Chapter 2.3, the terrain at the site of the future EfW/BEP plant is constructed fromthe following lithological soil layers:- layer 1 - humus (up to a depth of 0.4-3.2 m)- layer 2 - loessoid deluvium- layer 3 - buried soil - sandy clay and fine crumbs- layer 4 - eluvial-deluvial sediments

According to the recommendation of the geomechanical survey, the slope of the cuts and the slopeof the embankment were adopted.

The calculation of the quantities of excavated and planned material was done on the basis of thecellular calculation using the “Gavran GCM” software tool. Based on the calculation, the following
was obtained:- excavation volume: 175.390 m3- embankment volume: 41.570 m3_______________________________________________________________________________________ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT STUDY

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Figure 12 Planned area for the EfW/BEP plant
A concrete diaphragm of about 150 m in length on the south side of the plot is foreseen to secure
the excavation of the main plateau. At a length of approximately 90 m, a diaphragm was analyzed
for an average difference in terrain height of 6.26 m and 5.07 m, with a total height of 11.0 m. On
the remaining length it successively decreases with the decrease in the difference in terrain levels
on both sides of the diaphragm.
The reason for choosing the diaphragm is a big difference in the leveling of the terrain and since
it is located on the building line itself, it was not possible to make the foundations for retaining
walls beyond the boundary of the parcel. For other plateaus, standard retaining walls withfoundations are provided to ensure slope stability.
The retaining wall (PZ1) is designed to provide a plateau for fire tanks, a fire pump station at level+215.00 and a road that accesses the unloading plateau from the terrain level (+215.00). The wallis 1.2 m taller than the terrain, as it is also a protective fence. The structure of the wall is divided
into six dilated independent units. The length of each is approximately 14 m and in the middle ofthe segment there is another cascading change in height. Height of walls varies from 1.75 m to 6.6m, thickness 200 mm or 300 mm and foundation level 214.0 m or 213.50 m. Where necessary, thewalls have a foot of the width of 2.0, 2.5 or 3.5 m.
The retaining wall (PZ2) is located adjacent to the hopper building providing terrain towards theparking lot adjacent to the administration building. In structural terms, the PZ2 wall is the same as
the end dilatation unit of the PZ1 wall.
A fence with the height of 2.5 m is foreseen around the plant complex and slag storage facilities.
The fence is made of galvanized wire, supported by reinforced concrete columns at a maximum
distance of 3 m. Along the protective diaphragm, the columns rest on the top of the diaphragm,
and on the rest of the section, on block foundations.
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3.2. DESCRIPTION OF THE FACILITIES, PLANNED PRODUCTIONPROCESS OR ACTIVITIES, THEIR TECHNOLOGICAL AND OTHER
CHARACTERISTICS
The plant for the energy utilization of municipal waste (EfW plant - functional unit 1/1) and thelandfill gas utilization plant (BEP plant - functional unit 1/2) will be constructed on the building
parcel KP1, in accordance with the Amendments to the Plan of detailed regulation of the Vinča
sanitary landfill (2018). Both functional units will be connected to the rest of the landfill complex
as follows:- by connection to the internal road network within the waste management area, formunicipal waste delivered from the City of Belgrade, which is burnt/incinerated within thefunctional unit 1/1, at which the waste receiving point, with measuring bridges, is located outside
the building parcel KP1,
- by connection with the joint water supply of the Vinča landfill complex,- by connecting the functional unit 1/2, through a manifold pipeline for supplying landfill
gas to the gas collection system from the existing landfill and new landfills,- disposal of the stabilized APCR generated during the municipal waste incineration process
within the functional unit 1/1 is performed at a specially prepared landfill within the landfill
complex. Removal and transportation of APCR from treatment facilities within the KP1 building
parcel, to a specially prepared APCR landfill within the landfill complex, is performed by trucks
via internal roads,- the periodic excess wastewater (described in the following sections), which may occur on
the KP1 building parcel, is treated in conjunction with the process waters from the municipal waste
landfill (at the Leachate Treatment Plant (LTP)), located outside KP1.
The anticipated dynamics of the construction of the plant for energy utilization of municipal waste
should allow its commissioning in 2021.

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3.2.1. Description of facilities
The technical descriptions below are taken from preliminary designs made by Energoprojekt Entelad from Belgrade, made in April 2018.
The planned area (Functional unit 1/1) for the construction of the EfW plant, consists of 9 zones((Source: IDP, 0: Main Volume) with facilities which are given in the table:
ZONE 1: RECEIPT AND UNLOADING OF MUNICIPAL WASTE
Purpose:Storage area for unloaded waste andWaste hopper
unloading of vehicles delivering
Markup on layout plan:municipal waste
1aDimensions of the
Ground floor: 47.45 x 27.09 m
Unloading space
Markup layout plan: 1b
Access plateau
Markup on the layout
plan: 1c

facility
Gross building
surface: 1a + 1b
Purpose:Dimensions of the
facility
Gross area

ZONE 2: BOILER PLANT
Purpose:Boiler room
Markup on the layout
dimensions:plan: 2aGross area of thebuilding
Purpose:First floor: 56.15 x 29.47 m
1397.41 m2
Plateau to access and maneuver vehicles
delivering municipal waste
LxBxH = 30.00x46.50m
1395.00 m2

Accommodation of boiler plant
equipment
LxBxH = 66.35x31.65x55.50m
1859,18,10 m2

Placement of nitrogen oxide control
DeNOx nitrogen oxide
equipment and urea solution tanks
emissions control
dimensions:
LxBxH = 8.6x7.1x11.55m
building
Gross area of the61.06 m2
Markup on the layout
building
plan: 2b
ZONE 3: FLUE GAS PURIFICATION SYSTEMS
Purpose:Control of particulate pollution, acid andReactor bag filter
other pollutants in flue gas
Markup on the layout
dimensions:
LxB = 24x9 (13) +3.5x7.5 m (steel
plan: 3a

Recirculation siloMarkup on the layout
plan: 3bGross area of thebuilding
Purpose:dimensions:
Gross area of thebuilding

staircase)
330 m2
Flow storage of separated waste in aclosed process for removing pollutantsfrom flue gas
4.0x4.0m
16 m2_______________________________________________________________________________________ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT STUDY

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Purpose:Silo for Ca(OH) 2
reagent
Markup on the layout
plan: 3cdimensions:
Gross area of thebuilding
Purpose:Reagent silo Activated charcoal
Markup on the layout
plan: 3ddimensions:
Gross area of thebuilding
Purpose:The foundation of theflue gas fan and otherequipment
Markup on the layout
plan: 3eFlue gas analyzer
canopyMarkup on the layout
plan: 3f
Stack
Markup on the layout
plan: 3g

dimensions:
Gross area of thebuilding

LxB = 4.5x6.0m
27.0 m2
Foundations for the foundation oftechnological-mechanical equipment
LxB = 10.0x5.0 m
50.0 m2
Placement of the flue gas analyzer
LxB = 5.2x9.5m
50.0 m2

Purpose:

Release of purified flue gas into theatmosphere215.5 m.a.s.l.

Stack coordinates:

Leachate tanks
Markup on the layout
plan: 3i

Activated charcoal silo used in the fluegas purification process

Purpose:dimensions:
Gross area of thebuilding

Altitude level ± 0.00
of the stack
dimensions:

Thermogenic waste
and additives silos withthe mixing station andtruck loading
Markup on the layout
plan: 3h

Lime silo used in the flue gas purification
process
LxB = 6.0x6.0 m
36.0 m2

Gross area of thebuilding
Purpose:dimensions:
Gross area of thebuilding
Purpose:dimensions:

60+0.50 = 60.5 m, Stack top level 275.5
m.a.s.l.
The stack will be located on cadastralparcel 990/1, Grocka Municipality, CaM
Grocka15.0m2
Silos for storage of thermogenic waste
collected from flue gas purification
plants, silos for accommodation of
additives for solidification of thermogenic
waste, accommodation of equipment for
mixing additives with thermogenic waste
and truck loading
LxB = 5.2x3.5m
19.0 m2
Storage area for wastewater used in thesolidification process of thermogenic
waste
7.8x4.3m_______________________________________________________________________________________ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT STUDY

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Mixing station andcontrol room
Markup on the layout
plan: 3j
Silos for cement andmetallurgical slag
Markup on the layout
plan: 3k
Diesel generator
Markup on the layout
plan: 3l
Pipeline bridge
Markup on the layout
plan: 3m

Gross area of thebuilding
Purpose:dimensions:
Gross area of thebuilding

34 m2

Purpose:Reagent storage used in thermogenic
waste stabilization process
5.3x12.4m
66.0 m2

dimensions:
Gross area of thebuilding
Purpose:dimensions:
Gross area of thebuilding
Purpose:dimensions:
Gross area of thebuilding

Stabilization of thermogenic waste
LxBxH = 6.0x7.5 m
45.0 m2

Accommodation of diesel generator
3.0x12.3m
37.0 m2
Pipeline support
2.1x69.0m
145.0 m2

ZONE 4: ELECTRICAL FACILITIES AND SUPPORTING PLANTS
Purpose:Accommodation of two 11/0.66kV andElectrical building
two 11/0.4kV transformers, 4000 kVA
Markup on the layout
each, 10 kV plants, LV plants,
plan: 4arechargeable batteries, UPS and otherdimensions:

Building for the 11kV
plant
Markup on the layout
plan: 4bCompressor station
Markup on the layout
plan: 4c
HPW building
Markup on the layout
plan: 4d

Gross area of thebuilding
Purpose:dimensions:
Gross area of thebuilding
Purpose:dimensions:
Gross area of thebuilding
Purpose:dimensions:
Gross area of thebuilding

electrical power equipment.
LxBxH = (21.8x16.65 +5.1x16.7) x13.15m
809.91 m2
Installation of the 11 kV plant for theconnection of the generator to the landfill
and the 110/11 kV transformer throughwhich connection is made to theinfrastructure for the connection to the
110 kV transmission network.
LxBxH = 5.3x13.8x5.0 m
73.40 m2
Production of compressed air
LxBxH = 29.77x7.2 (4.85)x6.15 m
174.09 m2
Installation of the equipment for thechemical preparation of water
LxBxH = 25.4x13.6x11.9 m
346.12 m2_______________________________________________________________________________________ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT STUDY

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Transformer 11/110kV
Markup on the layout
plan: 4e

Raw water tankMarkup on the layout
plan: 4e
Raw water pumping
stationMarkup on the layout
plan: 4g
110 kV connection
plantMarkup on the layout
plan: 4h

Plateau of mobile
diesel generators
Markup on the layout
plan: 4i

Purpose:dimensions:
Gross area of thebuilding
Purpose:dimensions:
Gross area of thebuilding
Purpose:dimensions:
Gross area of thebuilding
Purpose:dimensions:
Gross area of thebuilding
Purpose:dimensions:
Gross area of thebuilding

Connecting the thermal power facilityheating plant to the 110 kV transmission
systemLxB = 7.0x7.54 m
53.0 m2
Raw water receiving tank
Ø9.5m
80.0 m2
Placement of raw water pumps
LxBxH = 6.0x11.0x5.1m
66 m2
The outdoor plant for connection
to the transmission system via
transmission line
(connection line) 110 kV
LxB = 15.0 x19.20 m
290.0 m2
Space to accommodate temporary
packages of mobile diesel generators(generators) which
will only be leased and installed in casesof prolonged power failure fromthe distribution network
LxB = 16.00mx25.00m
400.0 m2

ZONE 5: ADMINISTRATIVE BUILDING WITH CONTROL ROOM
Purpose:Administrative building - offices,
Administrative
control room, PLC room and LV
buildingroomMarkup on the layout
dimensions:
LxBxH = 29.57x19.00x17.50(21.65)m
plan: 5aGross area of the2362.89 m2
building

ZONE 6: TURBINE BUILDING
Purpose:Turbine building
Markup on the layout
plan: 6adimensions:
Gross area of thebuilding

Accommodation of the turbine, generator
and otherequipment
LxBxH = 39.6x28.0x22.40 m
2529.34 m2

ZONE 7: AIR-COOLED CONDENSER
Purpose:Air-cooled condenser

Cooling systemdimensions:
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Gross area of the1220.0 m2
Markup on the layout
building
plan: 7a
ZONE 8: TRANSPORT, TREATMENT AND MATURING OF
INCINERATOR SLAG
Purpose:Transport of the slag from the boiler room
Slag conveyors
to the space for treatment and maturation
Markup on the layoutof the slag
plan: 8adimensions:
LxB = 3.36x53 m
Gross area of thebuilding
Purpose:Plateau for slag
treatment and
Gross area of thematuringbuilding
Markup on the layout
plan: 8b
Purpose:Settling basin andlagoonGross area of theMarkup on the layout
building
plan: 8c
ZONE 9: EXTERNAL FACILITIES
Purpose:Workshop andwarehousedimensions:Markup on the layout
Gross area of theplan: 9abuilding
Fire water tanks
Markup on the layout
plan: 9b
Pumping station forfire waterMarkup on the layout
plan: 9c
Thermal energy meter
facility
Markup on the layout
plan: 9d
Wastewater pit
Markup on the layout
plan: 9ePurpose:dimensions:
Gross area of thebuilding
Purpose:dimensions:
Gross area of thebuilding
Purpose:dimensions:
Gross area of thebuilding
Purpose:dimensions:
Gross area of thebuilding

179.0 m2
Accommodation of slag treatment
equipment
5350.0 m2

Wastewater settling from the slag
treatment plateau
350.0 m2

Accommodation of machines, tools andspare parts
LxBxH = 27.4x18.3x12.50 m
652.12 m2
The accumulation of the required amountof water for fire protection
2xØ11.0 m
240 m2
Accommodation of pumps and other fire
protection equipment
LxBxH = 9.2x11.1x4.9 m
102.12 m2
Connection for future district heating
pipeline of Belgrade and tariffmeasurement of heat supply
LxBxH = 10.3x6.3.x15 m
64.89 m2
Wastewater collection pit
LxB = 9.10x 20.8m
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Liquid fuel tank withpump room andcanopyMarkup on the layout
plan: 9f
Oil pitMarkup on the layout
plan: 9g

Purpose:dimensions:
Gross area of thebuilding
Purpose:dimensions:
Gross area of thebuilding

Liquid fuel tank for the ignition of theboiler with a transshipment ramp for theunloading of fuel from tanker trucks
LxB = 9.4x11.4m
108.0 m2
Oil collecting pit from the 110/11 kVtransformer
LxB = 3.15x7.6m
24.0 m2_______________________________________________________________________________________ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT STUDY

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Figure 13 Layout plan - Functional unit 1(Source: IDP, 1/1: Architecture Design - Main Facilities)_______________________________________________________________________________________ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT STUDY70

_________________________________________________________________________________________In accordance with the list of buildings/facilities of the EfW plant, the following text contains theirarchitectural and construction description with the main purpose.
ZONE 1: Receipt and unloading of municipal waste
1a - Waste hopper
The purpose of the waste hopper is the storage space for unloading and receiving waste. The
volume of the hopper is determined by technological requirements, dimensions 47.45 x 27.09 m andthe height level -6.00 to level + 20.90. In addition to the hopper space, this facility contains a crane
space above level +20.90. The crane path is at a level of +27.80 m. Large forks are mounted on
the crane, which fill the boilers with municipal waste. The facade of the entire hopper is lined withfacade panels. The gross area of this facility is 1397.41m2.
1b - Unloading space
Municipal waste will be delivered with suitable vehicles via access roads and the plateau in frontof the unloading space. The unloading space contains seven unloading ramps through which thewaste is stored in the waste hopper. The space is supported by steel columns and lined with facade
and roof sandwich panels on three sides, the fourth side is attached to the hopper.
ZONE 2 – Boiler plant
2a - Boiler room
In accordance with the purpose and layout of the equipment in the boiler room, the construction
and shape of the building have been determined. The primary purpose of this space is toaccommodate a vertical boiler. Due to the high height of the building, the structure is steel, linedwith vertical facade panels. Vertical communication was solved by installing two stairs and oneelevator. The gross area of this facility is 1859.18 m2. The elevator tower structure is anindependent freestanding steel structure stiffened by joints, and is a spatial grid of four-sided crosssection. The dimensions of the tower are 3.10 m x 3.10 m in base. The height of the tower is 55.03
m.
2b - Nitrogen oxide emissions (DeNOx) control building
The nitrogen oxide emission control (DeNOx) building is intended to accommodate nitrogen oxide
control equipment and urea solution tanks. The facility is ground-level, steel, based on the RC
panel. The walls and roof are lined with façade and roof sandwich panels mounted on a steel
substructure. The dimensions of the building are 8.6 x 7.1 m. The height of the building is 11.55
m. The gross area of the building is 61.06 m2. The building has a urea tank, 50 m3in volume.
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_________________________________________________________________________________________The DeNOx building only includes the urea storage and injection system used to neutralize NOx
released during waste incineration. The actual removal of NOx occurs only in the furnace - boiler
plant. Therefore, the DeNOx building only includes urea detection.

Figure 14 Process flow diagram of the urea dosing system
ZONE 3 – Flue gas purification systems
3a – Bag filter
The supporting structure of bag filters is a steel structure made up of columns and beams supportedby platforms on which the equipment is located. The stability of this structure is ensured by verticaland horizontal couplings.
3b – Recirculation silo
The thermogenic waste recirculation silo is supported on a frame structure stiffened with couplingsat the level of +6.5 m. The planned dimensions of the supporting structure are 4 x 4 m in base. On
the west side of the silo, its supporting structure has been extended due to the staircase, which
provides access to all levels of the structure and platform at the level of +6.5 m, on which the silo
itself rests.
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3c -– Ca(OH) 2 silo and 3d – Activated carbon silo
The supporting structure of the two silos (lime and activated carbon) is a steel structure. It consists ofsteel columns and beams. The stability of this structure is ensured by vertical and horizontal couplings.
The connections to the foundations are modeled as joint connections. The main level of the structure
is: +4.35 m – access level and supporting structure of the silo. The structure consists of 4 main frame
structures, which are 5.52 m wide and 4.15 m high. Frame spacing is 2.70 m, 2.893 m and 4.377 m.
3g - Stack
The stack is a steel freestanding cylindrical tube. The internal flue duct is insulated from the outer selfsupporting sheath. The height of the stack is about 60.5 m. The outer supporting sheath measures are
D = 2650 mm in diameter and inner diameter d = 2350 mm.
3h - Thermogenic waste and additives silos with the mixing station and truck loading
The supporting structure of the three stabilization silos is a steel structure. It consists of steel columns
and beams. The stability of this structure is ensured by vertical and horizontal couplings. Bonds withfoundations are modeled as rigid bonds. The main level of the structure is +8.23 m - level of inspectionof the funnel. The structure consists of 3 main frame structures, which are 5m wide and 8.23 m high.
The frame spacing is 3.95m, 4.2m and 3.95m.
ZONE 4 – Electrical facilities and supporting plants
4a - Electrical building
The electrical building is located adjacent to the turbine building (on the east side) and partly rests on
the boiler room. The purpose of the building is to accommodate two 11/066kV transformers and two
11/04kV transformers, 11kV plants and LV plants. The floor of the building is P +1, with the part of
the floor where the LV distribution is located above the compressor station. The structure is reinforced
concrete, skeletal with concrete block filling. The dimensions of the building are 21.80m. x 16.65m.
+ 5.10m. x 19.7 m. The height of the building is 13.15m. The gross area of the building is 809.91 m2.
4b - 11kV plant building
The facility is a ground floor facility with the purpose of transforming the voltage for delivery to thegrid. It is located on the east side of the parcel, in the immediate vicinity of the equipment forconnection to the electrical transmission system (EMS), and in direct connection with the facility forthe measurement of thermal energy. The structure is reinforced concrete, skeletal with concrete block
filling. The wall to the Step-up transformer is reinforced concrete for fire-fighting reasons. The
dimensions of the facility are 5.30x13.80 m. The height of the building is about 5.0 m. The gross areaof the building is about 73.40 m2.
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4c - Compressor station
The compressor station is intended for the production of compressed air. The structure of part ofthe building is reinforced concrete, skeletal with concrete block filling, and the part located inside
the boiler room and turbine building is a steel structure with sandwich panel walls. Dimensions of
the building are 29.77 x 7.20 m. Part of the building is within the boiler room (63.40 m2), and part
belongs to the turbine building (32.20 m2). The height of the building is 6.15 m. The gross area ofthe building is 174.09 m2.
4d - HPW Building
The chemical water preparation building is intended to accommodate the chemical water
preparation (HPW) equipment. Air-cooled condensers are located in the immediate vicinity of thewest side. The structure is reinforced concrete, skeletal with concrete block filling. The facility isa ground floor facility and the dimensions of the facility are 24.4x13.6 m. The height of thebuilding is 11.9 m. The gross area of the building is 346.12 m2.
4g - Raw water pumping station
The raw water pumping station is located east of the EfW plant complex, adjacent to theconstruction line of the parcel. It is intended for housing raw water pumps. The structure isreinforced concrete, skeletal with concrete block filling. The dimensions of the facility are 11.00m.
x 6.00 m. The height of the facility is about 5.10 m. The gross area of the building is approximately
66.00 m2.
ZONE 5 – Administrative building with control room
5a - Administrative building
The administrative building was designed next to the waste hopper and boiler room, floors P +4,
total gross floor area of the building P = 2362.89 m2. It is structurally related to the above facilities,
so special attention was paid to the noise insulation of the plant. The administrative building at
level +12.00 has a control room for the operator who controls the crane and fills the hopper. At
level +16.00 there is an electric room with electrical cabinets for supplying the crane withelectricity. The rest of the space is intended to accomodate people. The required conditions on thepremises will be provided by accommodation of suitable installations (plumbing, sewage, heating,ventilation, cooling, fire alarm, telecommunication installations). The dimensions of the facility
are 29.57x19.00 m. The height of the facility is +17.50 m.

_______________________________________________________________________________________ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT STUDY74

_________________________________________________________________________________________ZONE 6 – Turbine building
6a – Turbine building
The turbine building accommodates the turbine, generator and other equipment. It is located below
the boiler room and between the administrative and electrical buildings. The structure is reinforced
concrete, skeletal with concrete block filling. The floor of the building is P +2. The ground floor
accommodates the necessary equipment and an auxiliary boiler room. The turbine is at the levelof +7.0 m. and is laid on a turbine table that is dilated from the structure of the facility. The gallery
is at the level of +16.80m and is designed to accommodate pumps and other equipment. The
dimensions of the building are ~39.60x28.00 m. The height of the building is about 22.4 m. The
gross area of the building is 2529.34 m2.
The auxiliary boiler room is designed for periods when the EfW plant does not operate, or in theevent of a power outage, in the winter. This boiler room provides heating of the premises (where
people spend time and the room where the equipment is stored) and duty, i.e. anti-freeze heating.
In the boiler room it is planned to install one hot water boiler with a liquid - diesel fuel burner anda daily, above ground steel tank for diesel fuel, which provides the necessary autonomy of theboiler operation.
The characteristics of the liquid - diesel fuel boiler in the auxiliary boiler room are:- heat capacity
270 kW- temp. water inlet/outlet
90/70 oC
- max. operating pressure
4 bar- water volume
400 l- weight of the boiler with burner
710 kg- required electrical power
0,518 kW- power supply
230 V/50 Hz- dimension with the burner
2100/900/1500 mm (lxwxh)(Source: IDP, 6/10 Mechanical Installation Design, Thermal Engineering Installations)
ZONE 7 – Air-cooled condenser
Air-cooled condensers rely on a steel structure at the level of +12.0 m relative to the reference
level of the plant (absolute level +215 m). Access platforms are located next to the condenser.
Above the main platform there is a noise protection wall on the secondary sub-structure. The
primary steel structure consists of four rows of frames in the transverse direction and three rows
in the longitudinal direction. The dimensions of the structure are 42.00 x 28.6 m in base. The
distance between the transverse frames is 13.30 m each. The distance between the longitudinalframes is 13 m. Block foundations are provided below the main columns. The depth of thefoundation is at -1.5 m from the ground.
_______________________________________________________________________________________ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT STUDY75

_________________________________________________________________________________________ZONE 8 – Transport, treatment and maturing of incinerator slag
8a – Slag conveyors and 8b - Plateau for the treatment and maturation of slag
The slag disposal area is an open storage facility and equipment for crushing and separating slag,
covering an area of 5400 m2. The total area (storage and road) is approximately 7500 m2. The area
is used for unloading slag from the EfW plant, which is transported by conveyors from the plant
to the crushing and separation equipment and further to an open storage facility.
The storage area is located on a reinforced concrete slab. The drop of the slab is regulated so thatthe soiled rainwater (due to the filtration through the slag storage) is collected into the perimetercanals and sent to a nearby settlement basin and lagoon. A waterproofing membrane is provided
below the entire surface of the slab to prevent rainwater from seeping into the soil.
The slag will be located inside the walls which will be mobile concrete blocks of trapezoidal
profile, suitable for mounting. Block manipulation will be done with two lifting anchors that are
mounted on top of the block.
Crack induced boards are located at every 6 m, while expansion joints are provided at every 24 m.
The following loads were taken into account: constant (self-weight and permanent equipment),
useful loads (other equipment, standard vehicle and two-way wind on the walls). Materials
provided for:- concrete C30/37 (impermeable),- reinforcement B-500.
Lagoon and settling basin

On the plateau, a lagoon and a settling basin are foreseen for the disposal, maturation and treatmentof slag. These facilities are used to collect contaminated water from the slag landfill plateau andfrom the process when the amount of water exceeds the volume of the wastewater pit.
The settling basin is used to deposit larger particles as the water flows into the lagoon, whose
design volume is 800 m3.
The settling basin is a buried open tank with two chambers, receiving and settling, with an area of
about 350 m2 and the variable depth of 1.7-2.55 m. In the deepest part, a sediment pit is formed
and above it is an overflow into the lagoon. The settling basin shares one wall with the lagoon.
The lagoon is trapezoidal in shape, the dimensions of the base are 5.7 m and 17.8 m and 22.2 m
high. The lagoon consists of retaining reinforced concrete walls 3.9 m high on the foundation slabs.
The space between the walls is covered with a 20 cm thick layer of sand. A waterproof membrane
is applied over the sand to coat the inner surface of the walls.
_______________________________________________________________________________________ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT STUDY76

_________________________________________________________________________________________The narrower part of the lagoon is envisaged to have a holder 2.4 m wide for supporting pumps.
Along the circumference of the settling basin and the lagoon, a 1.1 m high guardrail is foreseen.
The following loads have been taken into account: constant (own weight and constant load platform of rost, fences, ground and water pressures), useful loads (standard vehicle) andtemperatures. Materials provided for:- concrete C30/37 (impermeable),- reinforcement B-500.
ZONE 9 – External facilities

9a - Workshop and warehouse
The workshop and warehouse building have two equipment repair rooms as well as a laboratory
with associated spare parts storage facilities. The building is located to the right of the boiler roomand the building for the control of nitrogen oxide emissions, and above the flue gas purification
system. The structure is reinforced concrete, skeletal with concrete block filling. The floor of thebuilding is P +1. On the ground floor there are storage rooms and workshops for repair ofequipment parts. Also, on the ground floor there is a laboratory room with storage and sample
preparation rooms, as well as rooms with electrical cabinets. At levels +6.0 m and +7.0 m there isa storage area for parts. The dimensions of the facility are 18.30 x 27.40 m. The height of the
facility is about 12.50 m. The gross area of the facility is approximately 652.12 m2.
9c – Pumping station for fire waterWithin the fire water pumping station there are fire water pumps with a water tank adjacent to thefacility. It is located above the waste hopper and to the right of the fire water tank. The structure
is reinforced concrete, skeletal with concrete block filling. The facility is a ground floor facility.
The dimensions of the facility are 11.10 x 9.20 m. The height of the facility is about 4.9 m. The
gross area of the facility is approximately 102.12 m2.
9d - Thermal energy measuring facility
The facility has equipment for the district heating system. It is located to the right of the 11 kVplant building and below the raw water storage tank. The structure is reinforced concrete, skeletal
with concrete block filling. The facility is a ground floor facility. The dimensions of the facility
are 10.30 x 6.30 m. The height of the facility is 15.00 m. The gross area of the facility is about
64.89 m2.
9e - Wastewater pit
The pit for waste (oily) water is 20.8 x 9.1 m in base. The level of the top of the circumferential
walls of the pit is ± 0.00 m and the level of the water is -3.50 m. It consists of four sections:_______________________________________________________________________________________ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT STUDY

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_________________________________________________________________________________________

receiving chambers, settling basin, recirculation chamber and the clean water chamber. The
receiving chamber has the dimensions of 13.3 x 4.0 m. The lower panel of the receiving chamber
is in decline, with a variable elevation level of –5.60 to –6.00 m.
The receiving chamber, settling basin, and the recirculation chamber are physically separated by awall (wall top level – 2.50 m) from the clear water chamber. The settling basin is 3.5x4.0 m in sizewith a bottom plate level of -7.80 m. The recirculation chamber has the dimensions of 3.0x4.0 m
with a bottom plate level of -6.00 m. The clear water chamber is 20.0 x 4.0 m in size with a bottom
plate level of 6.00 m. The bottom plate rests on the ground. Depths of foundation vary dependingon the part of the facility and range from -5.90 to - 8.10 m.
9f - Liquid fuel tank with pump room
Diesel fuel foundations (two tanks of 60 m3 each), which rely on plinths located in a reinforced
concrete bundwall of 11.4 x 9.4 m. The bundwall is semi-buried, the upper level of the foundationslab at a level of 1.0 m (foundation angle – 1.3 m) and the height above ground is 1.1 m. The tub
volume is determined to accommodate 80% of the fuel volume from both tanks, i.e. about 100 m3.
Planned surface of the Functional Unit 1/2 for the installation of the BEP plant is a paved plateau
of irregular shape of about 600 m2 (approximate dimensions 42.6x14 m).
The cogeneration BEP plant is of a modular - container type accommodating, equipment including
a gas generator set (CHP module, 2 pcs.). The containers with the gas generator set are 13,600 ×3,000 × 3,000 mm in size, with a guardrail on the roof, an access staircase and a grate for secureaccess on the roof.
On the plateau there is a plan to install a heat exchanger, boiler for superheated and hot water,
waste gas treatment system and an exhaust gas analyzer.
The exhaust stack is mounted above the container with a CHP module, about 7.5 m high, measured
from the top of the container.
3.2.2. Description of production process and activities
3.2.2.1. Description of the EfW plant technological process
The plant for energy utilization of municipal waste (EfW plant) is a cogeneration type and is used
for the production of electricity and heat by combusting municipal waste.
The thermal energy will be supplied to PUC "Beogradske toplane" for the purposes of district
heating, and the generated electricity will be supplied to the existing power distribution system
AD "Elektromreža Srbije" Belgrade.
_______________________________________________________________________________________ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT STUDY78

_________________________________________________________________________________________The EfW plant technological process consists of several basic technological units, operations andactivities:- delivery and reception of municipal waste- municipal waste incineration- utilization of the energy obtained- distribution of energy obtained
For the smooth functioning of the basic technological units, the EfW plant is equipped with thefollowing auxiliary systems:- water supply system- energy generating products supply system- waste gas treatment system- plant residual management system- wastewater management system
In the description of the technological process, data from preliminary designs of "Energoprojekt
Entel" a.d. from Belgrade were used.
Delivery and reception of municipal waste
Control zone
Vehicles delivering municipal waste to the complex/plant from the access road to the complex
pass through the gate at the entrance to the complex and the Control Zone, which is outside theconstruction parcel KP6-1 (or planned functional unit K1) and is the subject of another design.
Based on the preliminary design data (IDR - Entrance to the Vinča landfill, Energoprojekt
Hidroinžanjering ad, 2018), the control zone at the entrance to the landfill complex includes
control space and truck scales. In this zone, it is planned to set up containers for the registry desk,
weighing equipment, video control center, offices and staff rooms, etc.
Reception hall with the waste hopper
For the approach of vehicles with municipal waste to the reception hall, a reception plateau isforeseen from which waste is unloaded through seven unloading ramps into the waste hopper.
Each place will be equipped with traffic lights placed in a visible place. Signaling is controlledfrom the control room, which enables active management of access vehicles for unloading. The
vehicles approach the unloading ramp by moving backwards. After unloading, vehicles leave thecomplex through the Control Zone.
_______________________________________________________________________________________ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT STUDY79

_________________________________________________________________________________________

Seven unloading ramps are foreseen at the hall, with a red/green signal placed in a visible position
to signal which ramp is in operation when moving the vehicle backwards towards the unloading
ramp. This enables active control of vehicle movement from the central control.
The reception hall is closed and the hopper is equipped with louvers to allow natural air ventilation.
A dust extraction system is provided to prevent particulate emissions from the hopper zone. Also,
the space in the hall is in the conditions of subpressure, to reduce the spread of odors. Exhaust fanlouvers and flaps are controlled from the control room.
The hopper is sized according to the technological needs of the plant. The volume of the hopper
ensures the storage of waste for a five-day operation of the plant at maximum capacity.

Figure 15 Base of the Reception Hall and Hopper with the vertical cross section(IDP, 1/1: Architecture Design - Main Facilities)
The hopper is equipped with two mobile cranes with mechanical grippers, which are capable ofpicking up/capturing waste from any point within the hopper. Two grippers are provided - one foreach crane. The cranes are equipped with a remote control system with manual, semi-automatic or
automatic mode.
Cranes are operated from the control panel (one panel per crane), located in the control room fromwhich good visual control of the entire waste storage facility is enabled. It is planned that one cranewill be operational and the other back-up. The operation and control of the work in the hopper hall
will be done through an appropriate control system, which enables fully automatic operation of
the installed equipment.
The crane and the gripper work in a synchronized manner in two directions: the crane in thehorizontal plane, while the gripper rises and lowers in the vertical plane.

_______________________________________________________________________________________ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT STUDY80

_________________________________________________________________________________________

The function of the crane is to transfer and insert waste into the dozing funnel of the boiler plant.
In addition, cranes transport, mix and plan waste for disposal in the storage hopper. A video camera
is provided on each dosing hopper to monitor the level of waste, which is connected with thecontrol room.
The grippers are equipped with weight sensors, showing the weight of the cargo before thedischarge of waste into the dozing funnel of the boiler plant, with the capacity of 12 m3. Loadcapacity of cranes is 16.5 tons.

Figure 16 Layout of the crane with a waste gripper (illustration)
Waste incineration plant
The waste incineration plant includes:- Waste incineration system;- Combustion air supply system;- Flue gas extraction and purification system;- Slag and ash evacuation system;- Auxiliary fuel system (for boiler start-up and low load support);- Other accessories and devices.

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_________________________________________________________________________________________

Figure 17 Typical vertical boiler scheme (illustration)
The waste incineration plant is designed for continuous operation with lower thermal power (LTP)
fuel in the range of 6,000 kJ/kg to 12,000 kJ/kg and for the incineration of mixed municipal waste.
The maximum combustion capacity is 49.4 t/h for waste with LTP between 6,000 kJ/kg and 7,500
kJ/kg, or 43.6 t/h when using waste with LTP of 8,500 kJ/kg.
The table provides information for the assumed composition of the fuel - waste.

Estimated fuelcomposition(%)

Table 8 Assumed fuel - waste composition(IDP 6/1 Mechanical Installation Design - Boiler Plant with Incinerator)
Fuel flow (t/h)
49.44
43.6
LTP (kJ/kg)
7,500
8,500
Non-combustible substances
25.50
23.50
Water
35.90
33.60
Combustible substances
38.60
42.90
(Carbon)(20.66)(22.96)(Hydrogen)(2.77)(3.08)(Oxygen)(13.73)(15.26)(Nitrogen)(0.77)(0.86)_______________________________________________________________________________________ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT STUDY82

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Waste incineration system - boiler plant with incinerator
Based on the stated combustion capacity and the lower thermal power of the waste, a boiler of avertical construction with optimized energy recovery, a system for reducing nitrogen oxides in the
combustion chamber and Martin's movable grate was selected.
The type and quality of the boiler and related equipment are adapted for incineration of municipal
waste and meet the requirements regarding the steam flow for the turbine plant, as well as otherrequirements regarding the steam in the plant itself.
The basic parameters of the steam boiler for project fuel are given in the table.
Table 9 Basic parameters of the steam boiler(IDP 6/1 Mechanical Installation Design - Boiler Plant with Incinerator)
Unit ofmeasureName
Boiler type-

Basic fuelkJ/kg

Fuel for boiler start and fire
supportFresh steam flow
Temp. of steam at the boiler outlet
Steam pressure at the boiler outlet
Temperature of saturated steam in
the drum
Drum pressure
Supply water temperature at theboiler inlet
Supply water pressure at the boiler
inlet
The gas temperature at the outlet ofthe furnace
The temperature of the gases
behind the water heater
The gas temperature behind thefinal economizer
The utility grade of the boiler
Fuel consumption
NOx emission at 6% O 2

kJ/kg

Value
Vertical, suspended structures, withnatural circulation (with drum)Household waste, commercial andindustrial waste, Hd = 8,500
Diesel fuel, Hd = 42,705

t/h
ºC
bar

132
400
61

ºC

281

bar

67.2

ºC

130

bar

71.5

ºC

891

ºC

177

ºC

140

%
t/h
mg/Nm3

86.86
43.6
<200

The boiler is designed and manufactured in accordance with EN12952 and with the appropriate
CE conformity marking.

_______________________________________________________________________________________ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT STUDY83

_________________________________________________________________________________________The basic elements of the waste incineration plant are shown in the figure.

A-inlet funnel, B-feeder, C-return grate, D-combustion chamber, E-primary combustion air,F-secondary combustion Air, G-air preheater, H-slag
Figure 18 Incineration line with the "Martin" return grate (illustration)
Waste dosing
The dosing of waste into the plant is done by a feed canal consisting of a feed funnel and an
inclined canal. The feed funnel allows the waste to be accepted during one filling cycle without
scattering from the side. The level of waste in the funnel is controlled by the crane operator at all
times.
When the waste incineration line is in operation, the feed canal is filled with waste that falls
gravitationally onto the grid. The canal below the boiler unit dosing funnel is designed in such a
way as to provide a seal at the junction with the boiler plant combustion chamber. This solution
prevents the penetration of air and the emission of hot gases from the boiler to the hopper and thepossible occurrence of fire in the canal.
The waste canal also serves as a reservoir for waste to be filled up with the help of grippers. Also,a system for unblocking/decluttering the canal is envisaged using a special crane gripper.
The feed canal covers the entire width of the grate. The waste level in the canal is controlled by
the level sensors. In case the minimum level is not reached, the alarm signal is forwarded to thecontrol room and the crane operator cabin.
_______________________________________________________________________________________ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT STUDY84

_________________________________________________________________________________________A shut-off valve is provided which covers the entire width of the feed canal. It is located below
the feed funnel. This valve ensures that the incineration system starts and stops even when there is
no waste in the canal.
The waste is dispensed with an automated piston feeder directly onto the grate ("Martin" type).
The waste, which is gravitationally pushed into the fall shaft, is dispersed by a piston, thereby
achieving a uniform distribution of fuel on the grate. The waste dosing cycle is connected to the
combustion control system.
Inclined grate for waste incineration
The "Martin" return grate, type "Vario", is tilted at a 24° angle from the piston feeder to the outlet.
The grate consists of stationary and moving grids, arranged in alternating series.

Figure 19 "Martin" return grate for waste incineration (illustration)
Due to the backward movement of the moving segments of the grate in the opposite direction to
the natural movement of the incinerated (layer) waste on the grate, the fuel is first mixed in theforward direction and then backwards. Continuous moving of the grate back and forth ensuresuniform heat release and high efficiency of waste incineration. In this way, continuous mixing of
the layers of waste at the front end of the grate and in the immediate vicinity of the grate surface
is also ensured with the formation of glowing particles in the main incineration zone.

_______________________________________________________________________________________ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT STUDY85

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Figure 20 Waste movement on the return grate (illustration)
An active and stable incineration process, in which all phases of the primary incineration process(drying, gasification, igniting and incineration) participate simultaneously and consecutively, takes
place at the front of the grate. The primary incineration air is fed into each section of the grate ina controlled manner.
Slag removal
After the waste is incinerated, slag is formed. The complete slag incineration takes place at theback end of the grate. At the end of the grate, there is an electrically adjustable slag regulator thatprovides slag layer height and ash retention time in the incineration zone, which will be regulated
independently of the grate drive to provide sufficient coverage of the grate surface as protection
against heat emission - radiation from the combustion chamber.
The hot slag falls through the slag hole into the deslugger. Complete quenching and cooling ofslag to approximately 80 - 90oC allows safe slag removal without ash and odor. The water troughprovides full sealing between the combustion chamber and the boiler, which prevents air fromentering the combustion chamber through the slag outlet.

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86

_________________________________________________________________________________________The picture shows the basic elements of the slag removal system.

Legend: A-connecting part, B-discharge from the combustion chamber, C-inlet, D-hydraulic cylinder, E-metalframe,
F-scraper, G-outlet, H-water level gauge, I-water inlet, J-drain for quick emptying

Figure 21 The principle of operation of the slag removal system (illustration)
The water level in the deslugger is maintained constant, by automatic supply through the float
valve.
The table shows the quantities of ash generated by waste incineration.
Table 10 Amounts of ash for different waste incineration capacities(IDP 6/1 Mechanical Installation Design - Boiler Plant with Incinerator)

Unburned matter
Slag below the grate
Fly ash after
second and thirddraft
Fly ash after the fourthdraft
Fly ash totreatment of fluegases

Maximum load
LTP = 7,500 kJ/kg
Waste flow = 49.4 t/h
kg of ash per
Flowton of wasteof ash[kg/t of waste][kg/h]
250
12,337
227
11,202

Maximum load
LTP = 8,500 kJ/kg
Waste flow = 43.6 t/h
kg of ash per
Flowton of wasteof ash[kg/t of waste][kg/h]
272
11,872247
10,755

2.3

113

2.6

112

4.6

227

5.1

223

16.1

794

17.9

782

_______________________________________________________________________________________ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT STUDY87

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To collect fly ash below the gas tract, the boiler is equipped with funnels. The ash funnels arelocated at the bottom of the canal. The funnels in the high-temperature zones of the boiler arecooled by water, while the funnels in the low-temperature zones of the boiler are in the form of a
housing and are thermally insulated only from the outside.
Incineration air system
The primary incineration air is supplied from the unloading zone - reception hall with the waste
hopper, so that odors and dust carried by the air are removed from the reception hall and hopperby the primary air system to the boiler plant.
One fresh air fan is also provided to supply primary incineration air and secondary air to the
combustion chamber.
The air is heated in the air heaters. One part of the air is used for the zone above the combustion
chamber as the secondary air and is fed into the combustion chamber. The second part of the air,at the outlet of the heater, is used as the primary air, which is distributed over the zones below theincineration grate.
Most of the unburnt gas, which is released, is oxidized immediately at high temperatures as soon
as it is mixed with the remaining primary air in the combustion chamber.
This effect is amplified by secondary air, which is fed along the entire section of the the combustion
chamber. It provides the oxygen necessary for the complete oxidation of gases. Practicallycomplete combustion of gases is achieved by the regulated supply of the secondary air. Secondary
air inlet nozzles are arranged in rows opposite each other to provide complete coverage of the
combustion chamber, thereby achieving intense flue gas mixing and efficient secondary
combustion.
As a result, a uniform temperature, flow profile and optimum mixing of the gases in the combustion
chamber are achieved. It also controls and extends the residence time of gases in the hightemperature zone, thereby improving the combustion of unburned gases and reducing theformation of nitrogen oxides in the combustion chamber.
Generation of carbon monoxide and halogen hydrocarbons is basically prevented by intense
agitation and mixing of gases emitted from the flames just above the main incineration zone bymeans of controlled supply of the secondary air.

_______________________________________________________________________________________ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT STUDY88

_________________________________________________________________________________________

Figure 22 Incineration air supply - process in steps(IDP E3 Fire Protection Survey)
The aforementioned boiler system of the the combustion gases in the combustion chamber is apractical description of the selective non-catalytic reduction (SNCR) -) of waste gases. The
application of SNCR leads to a drastic reduction of NOx, ammonia, carbon monoxide and halogenhydrocarbon emissions in the waste gases.
The infrared camera software system, which captures the heat radiation intensity distribution on
the surface of the fuel layer from the top of the boiler, is used to obtain additional combustion
information in order to achieve the best possible combustion.
Changes in flue gas temperature are recorded using an infrared pyrometer. Changes in the released
heat from the combustion chamber are detected quickly and reliably. This results in a very short
response time of the process parameter control.

_______________________________________________________________________________________ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT STUDY89

_________________________________________________________________________________________

Figure 23 Waste combustion regulation principle(IDP E3 Fire Protection Survey)
Fuel system for the boiler start and low load support
For the purposes of igniting and maintaining fire at low boiler loads, it is envisaged to use liquid
fuel - diesel. Liquid fuel is delivered by tanker trucks. Unloading of fuel is performed at the fuelpump room (pos. 9f, IDP, 1/1: Architecture Design - Main Facilities)) into the main tanks with a
total capacity V = 120 m3 (2 x 60 m3). The fuel tanks are constructed with a double wall and a fuelleak detection system and are housed in a watertight bundwall.
If flue gas temperature drops below 850oC in the boiler two burners are automatically switched on
to maintain the incineration temperature while the waste is on the boiler grate.
For the transportation of diesel fuel to the boiler in which the municipal waste is incinerated, 2
distribution pumps were installed, 1 service and 1 back-up. In addition to the municipal waste
incineration boiler, the following consumers will be supplied with liquid fuel from the main tanks:-

fuel tank in the auxiliary boiler room
daily fuel tank in the diesel generator building
fuel tank for diesel pumps at the fire water pump station_______________________________________________________________________________________ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT STUDY90

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Energy production
The energy production system consists of the following main components:-

Turbo-plant with auxiliary equipment
Electric generator with auxiliary equipment

Turbo plant
The basic set of turbo-installations consists of a condensing steam turbine, an air-cooled condenser
and a condensate tank, a deaerator feed tank, regenerative heaters, two main-operated condenser
pumps with electric drive and two electric-powered supply pumps.
The steam turbine is designed to operate with a superheated steam of 58 bar and 397 ℃ without
additional steam heating in the boiler.
An air-cooled condenser is provided for condensing steam at the outlet of the turbine. The
condenser is designed to accept and condense all steam coming from the turbine.
The turbo-plant has a steam boiler with a nominal steam capacity of 132.5 t/h. The superheatedfresh steam is introduced from the boiler into the turbine via stop and control valves. The total
amount of steam generated by the boiler is used in the condensing steam turbine for combined
production of electricity and heat for district heating purposes. After expansion in the turbine, thesteam is discharged into the condenser.
The main condensate is collected in the condensate tank, from where the condensate is pumped
from the condensate tank via a regenerative heating system to the feed tank with a deaerator. From
the feed tank, the feed pumps send feed water to the boiler, thus closing the cycle.
For the purposes of district heating, the turbine will also be constructed constructively for theheating regime. The heated water will be sent to the district heating system of PUC “Beogradske
toplane”, i.e. to the Konjarnik heating plant.
The parameters of hot water for district heating (DH) are:-water temperature at the inlet/outlet of the exchanger for DH
water flow through the exchangers for DH
diameter of the connection pipe

102/60 ℃
1160 t/h
DN500_______________________________________________________________________________________ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT STUDY91

_________________________________________________________________________________________The steam turbine is a condensation, single-housing turbine, with three subtractions of steam forheating the main condensate, boiler air heaters and heaters for the district heating system. One
small portion of the steam taken from the turbine is also used to heat the administration building.
The steam turbine has the following basic technical characteristics:
Nominal power
Nominal power in the heating regime
fresh steam pressure
fresh steam temperaturenominal fresh steam flow
nominal flow of fresh steam in the heating regime
feed water temperaturenominal pressure in the condenser
nominal pressure in the condenser in the heating regime
nominal ambient temperaturenominal ambient temperature in the heating regime
specific heat consumption of the turbo plant gross

29 MW
20.5 MW
58 bar397 ºC132.2 t/h
131.9 t/h
130 ºC
0.11 bar0.06 bar
20 ºC-12 ºC
11,974 kJ/kWh

In the case of cogeneration, i.e. combined power production, the steam turbine delivers 20.5 MWof electrical power and 56.5 MW of heat at an ambient temperature of -12 ° C and a condensationpressure of 0.06 bar.

Figure 24 Base of the turbine plant (IDP, 6/2 Turbine Plant Design)_______________________________________________________________________________________ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT STUDY92

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Electric generator
The electricity generation system consists of:-Electric generator;
110/11 kV transformer for the connection of the power plant with the transmission system;
11 kV switchgear for the 110/11 kV generator and transformer connection;
10 kV switchgear for the power supply of own consumption and the connection to the
distribution network;
10/0.66 kV and 10/0.4 kV transformers for own consumption;
LV 660 V main power distribution for the supply of large consumers (engines);
LV 400 V main power distribution for the power supply to other consumers;
400 V power distribution for the supply of consumers;
Diesel electric generator;
Uninterruptible power supply - UPS

It is envisaged that the electric generator will be connected to the11 kV plant, to which a 110/11
kV transformer is also connected, which is used to connect to the transmission system EMS towhich the fully produced electricity is delivered.
The 10 kV plant is used to connect power supply equipment for its own consumption. Transformers
10/0.66 kV and 10/0.4 kV are connected to the 10 kV plant, through which the main distributionlines 660 V and 400 V are supplied, as well as the 2000 kVA diesel power unit, which is started
in the event of a power failure at this plant.
The electric generator, powered by a steam turbine, has a maximum power of 32.8 MW. The steam
turbine-generator set is powered by the energy generated by the incineration of municipal waste.
The generator is air-cooled via a fan on the rotor, in a closed system.
The drive of the generator is contactless, that is, without the existence of conventional brushes
through which the current is fed to the rotor coil. Instead, a permanent magnet system on the rotor
is used to power the automatic voltage regulation system and an auxiliary coil on the stator to
regulate the voltage induced in the auxiliary coil on the rotor, which is further transmitted via a
diode rectifier (which turns with the rotor and permanent magnet), feeds the main coil on the rotor
to create excitation.
The diesel power unit, with the nominal power of 2000 kVA, is designed to supply criticalconsumers in the event of a power failure at the 10 kV switchgear.

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_________________________________________________________________________________________In the normal operation of the power plant, its own consumption is supplied from the distribution
network via a 1 kV cable and the 10 kV plant. In the event of a power failure through thisconnection, or loss of voltage at the 10 kV plant, the diesel unit is automatically started, which isalso connected to this switchgear via a 10/0.4 kV transformer, thus ensuring the continuity of thepower supply for its own consumption.
The purpose of the Uninterruptible Power Supply System (UPS) is to ensure the smooth and safe
operation of all electronic devices and the main selected devices at a voltage level of 400/230 V.
The uninterruptible power supply system is sized so that it can cover all the power consumption
in the event of a failure of one of the power supplies, namely transformers, rectifiers/inverters andbatteries.
The UPS system is powered by a main power switchgear with the own consumption of 400 V.
An independent DC power supply system from the batteries will be provided with the electric
generator to safely shut down the turbine-generator system in the event of an accident. The UPS
system should provide power to the pump for the bearing lubrication for one hour, protection andsynchronization of the generator and other devices, in the event of a power failure in normal
operation.
Technical data of the steam turbine generator are:-Nominal power: 29.12 MW
Maximum power: 32.8 MW
Nominal power factor: 0.80
Frequency: 50 Hz
Revolving speed: 1500 rpm
Number of stages: 3
Nominal voltage: 11 kV
Stator Y Coil Coupler (Star)

The technical data of the transformer of the diesel electric generator are:-Type: Completely enclosed in the housing
Engine: Turbo diesel
Engine speed: 1500 rpm
Generator rpm: 1500 rpm
Nominal generator power: 2000 kVA
Nominal generator voltage: 400 V
Frequency: 50 Hz
Stator Y Coil Coupler (Star)_______________________________________________________________________________________ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT STUDY

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It is envisaged to measure electricity at the 11 kV plant, where it is possible to measure theproduction of a steam turbine generator, which is fed further into the grid.
It is also envisaged to measure electricity at a 10 kV plant, where it is possible to measure theenergy consumed for own consumption of the EfW plant.

Figure 25 Disposition of electrical equipment (IDP, 4/1 Electrical Installation Design)
Process water supply system
On the water line, for the purposes of the technological process, the EfW plant is supplied with
raw and demineralised (demi) water. Preliminary Design, IDP, 6/3 Machine Installation Design Chemical Water Preparation (HPW), includes the production of demi water, conditioning of feed
and boiler water, as well as the treatment of technological wastewater generated in the EfW plant.

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_________________________________________________________________________________________

Figure 26 Scheme of supplying the EfW plant with process water(IDP, 6/3 Mechanical Installation Design)
The process water distribution for the EfW plant runs from the suction port of the raw water pumps
on the raw water tank, to the consumers of the raw water and the HPW plant.
The water and boiler water conditioning system in the water-steam cycle comprises demi-waterfrom HPVW, through the chemical dosing systems, to the connection to the suction pipeline of thefeed pumps, i.e. to the connection to the boiler drum inlet.

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_________________________________________________________________________________________

Figure 27 Equipment Disposition at HPW Plant (IDP, 6/3 Machine Installation Design)
On the line of technological wastewater from the EfW plant, it includes the discharge of
wastewater from the place of origin, through the wastewater collection basin, to the technologicalconsumers of this water (system of technological wastewater recirculation). In case of excess
technological wastewater, it is envisaged to connect the wastewater pipeline to the lagoon for
wastewater from the municipal landfill, outside the boundary of the construction parcel KP1,
which is not the subject of this Study.
Technical water line
Drinking water from Belgrade's public water supply will be used as raw water for various purposesin Functional Unit 1/1.
The main consumer of raw water for technological purposes is the HPW Demineralized Water
Production Plant. In addition, raw water will also be used to cool the slag from the boiler
combustion chamber, wash the slag conveyor, supply the thermogenic waste stabilization systemfrom the flue gas treatment plant (APCR), supply the boiler cleaning unit, etc.

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_________________________________________________________________________________________The raw water for process purposes will be supplied from the raw water tank by raw water pumps.
From the thrust collector of the raw water pumps, the water will be diverted to the consumers.
Raw process water consumption is 5.31 t/h nominally, up to 5.65 t/h maximum.
The Chemical Water Preparation Plant is intended for the production of demineralized water forthe needs of consumers. Demineralized water will be consumed for the following major
consumers:- Compensation for losses in the water-vapor cycle resulting from the desalinization of theboiler;- Compensation for losses in the water and steam sampling system;- Preheating in the system of the blower, as well as to compensate for losses in it, due toevaporation;- Preparation of urea solution in the flue gas denitrification system (DeNOx),- Own needs of the HPW plant,
In addition to these major consumers, demi water will also be supplied with a closed coolingsystem for the plant, for filling the system and for compensating for losses, as well as the systemfor cleaning the condenser. Considering that consumption for these purposes is occasional, it is
not considered in the water balance.
Based on the demi water balance, the required amount is 3.3 t/h nominally, up to 4.8 t/h maximum.
The adopted capacity of the demineralization plant is 2x10 m3/h. One line is service and the otherback-up, but simultaneous operation of both lines is possible.
The process of water demineralization is based on reverse osmosis (RO) technology. Since reverse
osmosis membranes are susceptible to the formation of deposits (inorganic, organic and biofilms),
as well as degradation due to the presence of chlorine, the RO process requires pretreatment inorder to protect the membranes. Considering that the raw water for the HPW plant is tap water, nowater disinfection is provided.
The reverse osmosis process does not provide sufficient purity of the produced water (ROpermeate) for use in high pressure boilers, and additional water demineralization electrodeionization (EDI) needs to be carried out.
The process of preparing demi water involves the following procedures:- Raw water pretreatment,- Dosing of chemicals for the protection of RO membranes,- Reverse osmosis,- Removal of CO 2 ,- Electrodeionization (EDI) and- Thickening of RO concentrate.
_______________________________________________________________________________________ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT STUDY98

_________________________________________________________________________________________The block diagram of the said process with the water balance is given in the following figure.

Figure 28 Balance block diagram of raw water demineralization(IDP, 6/3 Mechanical Installation Design)Part of the raw water from the thrust of the raw water pumps is transported through the pretreatment line via a special pipeline. Pretreatment involves mechanical filtration, the last step
before entering RO membranes is filtration through cartridge filters, with aperture size of 5 µm
and 1 µm. In order to reduce the hardness of raw water, softening in duplex softeners is envisaged.

_______________________________________________________________________________________ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT STUDY99

_________________________________________________________________________________________In order to protect the RO membranes from deposits and damage, it is envisaged to dosage thechemicals into the feed water for RO, namely: acids and anti-scale agents, to prevent the formationof deposits and bisulphite to remove residual chlorine. Since CO 2 present in raw water cannot be
removed by reverse osmosis, its removal is predicted in the membrane contactor by air or nitrogen.
RO permeate, emitted CO 2 , is introduced into the electrodeionization units to achieve the required
water quality to power supply the boiler. The produced demineralized water is stored in a 225 m3
demi water tank. Demi water from the tank is pumped to the consumer.
In order to reduce the amount of waste concentrate from the RO lines, it is introduced into theevaporator (concentrator). The concentrate from the evaporator is discharged into the wastewaterbasin from the Plant, while the distillate returns to the beginning of the process, together with theconcentrate from the EDI line.
All systems within the HPW plant are intended as skid units (skids). All equipment is designed asservice and back-up, except the concentrator (1 service). In addition to the aforementioned mainequipment, the plant also includes all supporting equipment, pipelines, fittings and instrumentation
required for smooth operation.
The quality of water, steam and condensate in the water-vapour cycle will be maintained by thecontinuous desalination of the boiler and the dosing of chemicals into the feed and boiler water.
Feed water conditioning includes: dosing trisodium phosphate, as a corrosion inhibitor and buildup
inhibitor, into the boiler drum and carbohydrazide to remove the oxygen remaining after the
deaerator, to the suction of the feed pumps.
The skid unit includes, for each chemical, a solution preparation tank, two dosing pumps (service
and back-up) and a protective tub. Demi-water is used to prepare diluted chemical solutions.
Wastewater line
The operation of the EfW plant will lead to the generation of wastewater, which, depending on thesource, will have a different type and degree of pollution. Wastewater generation is related to thevery process of production and washing of equipment (technological wastewater), floors and open
surfaces, use of water for sanitary needs of employees, as well as rainfall at the complex of the
EfW plant (sanitary and atmospheric wastewater).
This chapter deals with the management of technological wastewater (recirculation system), while
the channeling of atmospheric and sanitary and oily wastewater is dealt with in chapter 3.2.4.

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_________________________________________________________________________________________

Some of the technological wastewater is continuously produced, while others are produced
occasionally. The project does not envisage the discharge of technological wastewater from theplant into the natural recipient, but it will, through the technological sewage network, be collected
at several locations in the Functional Unit 1 complex and reused in the technological process.
Any excess wastewater, in the event of heavy rainfall, will be transported to the lagoon for leachatefrom the municipal landfill. The figure shows a general block diagram of channeling wastewater.

Figure 29 Block diagram of channeling wastewater from Functional unit 1
IDP, 6/3 Mechanical Installation Design)
There are several receiving basins/lagoons for wastewater collection from the EfW plant:-

60 m3 IBA settling basin
IBA lagoon, 800 m3 in volume
Wastewater basin, total volume of 330 m3

The IBA settling basin, IBA lagoon and wastewater basin are located in the northeast part of theplant complex (zones 9g and 9e on the complex layout plan). These basins are part of the slag
treatment system, and are addressed in the chapter "Dispensing and treatment of the slag of theboiler plant".
Leachate and atmospheric waters from the slag treatment system will be routed to the IBA
receiving basin, which also acts as a mechanical settling basin, and from this, partially clarified
water will be transported to the IBA lagoon. The IBA lagoon acts as a buffer tank for wastewaterfor further use.
_______________________________________________________________________________________ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT STUDY101

_________________________________________________________________________________________

Water from the lagoon is transported to the wastewater basin for reuse for process purposes. The
following wastewater is collected in the wastewater basin:- Waste water from the HPW plant;- Waste water from boiler desalination and boiler drainage, which is discharged through thestarting and atmospheric tanks, is taken to the basin (some of the condensate from the tank isreturned to the cycle);- Waste water from floor washing in technology zones (including boiler room, machineroom, HPW plant area, etc.).
- Atmospheric water from the storage area of reagents and fly ash and the flue gas
purification zone where ash, thermogenic waste or reagents are possible.

Figure 30 IBA settling basin and wastewater basin (IDP, 6/3 Machine Installation Design)
The wastewater basin consists of several zones: a settling chamber, with a receiving section tocalm the flow, a recirculation chamber and a storage (buffer) chamber. Reusable water istransported from the recirculation chamber to technological consumers by pumps:-

Deslugger (for slag cooling purposes) and
Thermogenic Waste Solidification System (APCR).

_______________________________________________________________________________________ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT STUDY102

_________________________________________________________________________________________The excess water from the recirculating part of the basin is poured into a storage chamber fromwhich pumping to the IBA lagoon is envisaged. The possibility of transporting water from the IBA
lagoon to the receiving part of the wastewater basin is also envisaged.
The overflow of the storage part of the basin is connected by a pipeline to the lagoon for runningwater from the landfill, where waste water will be discharged in the event of heavy rainfall.
Water from the landfill lagoon will be treated in the leachate treatment plant (LTP plant) from thelandfill, which will be located within the second part of the landfill complex (outside theconstruction parcel KP1) and is not the subject of this Study. The treated water will be discharged
into the Danube River.
The table shows the water balance of the Plant (raw water, demineralised water and wastewater)
for several cases of operating conditions, related to the amount of waste water from the boiler
desalination and the amount of precipitation, as the main influencing factors for water consumption
and waste water quantity.

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_________________________________________________________________________________________

Table 11 Balance of process and technological wastewater for 5 operating conditions(IDP, 6/3 Mechanical Installation Design)
Case 1Load

Unit

Nominally

Case 2

Case 3Max desal. of theboiler/Regular rain
43.6

Case 4

Case 5Nominally/
heavy rain

Extremeconditions

Waste quantity

t/h

43.6

Nominally/
Regular rain
43.6

43.6

43.6

Lower thermal power of waste

kJ/kg

8500

8500

8500

8500

8500

%

0.5%

0,5%

2.0%

0.5%

2.0%
40

Odsoljavanje kotla
Precipitation

kg/h

0
208

2
208

2
208

40
0

0

kg/h
kg/h

3349
5309

3349
4510

4750
5858

3349
4002

4750
5649

IBA lgoon (average)

kg/h

545

1203

1203

13712

13712

Atmospheric expander

kg/h

0

0

0

0

0

Waste water from HPV plant

kg/h

591

591

838

0

0

Washing floors

kg/h

208

208

208

0

0

Cooling slag

kg/h

1344

2143

1181

2443

1181

Stabilization of thermogenic
Waste (APCR)
Excess water

kg/h

0

0

1209

1594

1594

kg/h

0

0

0

12474

13737

Water from wastewater basin

kg/h

1344

2143

1181

2443

1181

Water from atmospheric tank

kg/h

609

609

1871

609

1871

Additional war water

kg/h

1099

301

0

0

0

Water from wastewater basin

kg/h

0

0

1209

1594

1594

Additional water from municipal
waste landfill

kg/h

1594

1594

385

0

0

Vapour and water sampling

kg/h

100

100

100

100

100

Waste concentrate from
HPVplant
Precipitation
Total flow

kg/h

0

0

0

591

838

kg/h
kg/h

0

1842
1942

1842
1942

36833
37524

36833
37771

Washing floors

mm/dayWATER CONSUMPTION
Demineralized water
Raw water

Wastewater basin
Input

OutputCOOLING SLAGAPCR – STABILIZATION OF
THERMOGENIC WASTE

CLEAN SEWER

100_______________________________________________________________________________________ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT STUDY104

_________________________________________________________________________________________

Case 1 corresponds to the maximum raw water consumption, assuming that there is available
quantities of procedural water from the municipal waste landfill for thermogenic waste
stabilization (APCR) purposes. In Cases 1 - 3, excess wastewater is not expected to occur due towater consumption in the IBA and APCR system. In cases 4 and 5, due to heavy rainfall, excesswater is expected. For example, in Case 4, the excess water is estimated at 12.5 m3/h with
wastewater basin autonomy of ~ 16 h considering that the IBA lagoon is full and overflowing into
the wastewater basin.
In case the IBA lagoon is empty, its autonomy is 58 h and wastewater basin autonomy is 74 h. If
the capacity of the pool is exceeded, its overflow is carried to the lagoon for the leachate waterfrom the municipal waste landfill.
Based on the considered operating conditions, the following figure shows the balance scheme ofprocess and wastewater for the nominal operating conditions of the plant.

Figure 31 Process water balance scheme in the nominal operation of the EfW plant(IDP, 6/3 Mechanical Installation Design)
From the said balance it follows that under normal operational and atmospheric conditions of the
Plant, the entire amount of wastewater generated will be consumed in the production process andthere will be a need to add raw water and water from the municipal waste landfill to thetechnological process.
_______________________________________________________________________________________ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT STUDY105

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In case of heavy rainfall, and especially in the case of operating mode of the boiler plant withmaximum boiler desalination, it is envisaged to remove unpolluted water from the process into theclean sewerage system, with quality control. If, however, excess water occurs in the wastewaterbasin, it will be discharged to the lagoon of leachate from the landfill with prior neutralization.
Therefore, under normal/nominal conditions of operation of the EfW plant, all technologicalwastewater will be consumed within the plant itself, so that during the regular operation of theplant and under "normal" atmospheric conditions, there will be no overflow of these waters to thelagoon of leachate, outside Functional unit 1 .
3.2.2.2. Description of the BEP plant technological process
The plant for energy utilization of landfill gas (BEP) is intended for electricity production by
combustion of landfill gas.
The obtained electricity will be transferred to the existing power distribution system of AD"Elektromreža Srbije" Belgrade.
Landfill gas is delivered from the new and old landfill via the main manifold pipeline leading to
the BEP plant.
The cogeneration plant will use landfill gas as the fuel, extracted by the anaerobic decompositionof landfill waste. The maximum energy potential of landfill gas from the Vinča landfill is estimatedat about 4.5 MW. The planned power of the BEP plant is about 3.2 MW (IDR 4/2: Electrical Power
Installation Design, 1. Text documentation, CEEFOR doo, November 2017).
Data on the expected quality of landfill gas are given in the table.
Table 12 Expected quality of landfill gas
CH 4

Unit
of measure% of vol.

O2% of vol.

CL (chlorine)
F (fluorine)
CL + F (chlorine andfluorine)
SiliconSiloxanes
H2S
Relative humidity before
dryingmg/Nm3
mg/Nm3<50<25

mg/Nm3<50

index in oil
index in oil
mg/Nm3

<0.2
<0.2
<349

%

<80

Min. value
35
5.5% O 2 if CH 4 = 30%
0.5% O 2 if CH 4 = 30%
linear between the two

Max.
value
50
<4

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_________________________________________________________________________________________

Relative humidity entering
the electrical module
Depression at the entrance
to the platform
Pressure at the entrance tothe engine group

%
mbar

<50
> -70

<0

>= 160 mbar if CH 4 = 30%>= 120mbar if CH 4 = 40%(Source: CHP 05/04/18- LF GAS-SRB, Energy Production Sector, 2018)
The basic concept of the BEP plant is:- to provide gross electricity of 2 × 1.5 eMW,
- to provide two temperature levels of thermal media as follows:• superheated water (160/120° C)• hot water (90/70° C)- to provide the electricity generated as follows:• which must be 400 V and 50 Hz (produced on generator sets)• after the generator LV switch, a voltage increase must be made through the transformer for
amplification up to 10/10.5 kV• to be ready for connection to the main substation (from 10/10.5 kV to 110 kV)
The block diagram of the basic elements of the BEP plant is given in the figure below:_______________________________________________________________________________________ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT STUDY107

_________________________________________________________________________________________

Figure 32 Schematic representation of the BEP plant (lateral and orthogonal sections)(Source: IDR, 6/2 Mechanical Installation Design, CEEFOR doo, 2017)
Table 13 Legend to the figure
Position

Description

1

landfill gas inlet - "U" tube

2

gas preparation unit - ("skid")

3

activated carbon filters to separating H 2 S

4activated carbon filters for separating silicon compounds

5

cogeneration plant containers

6

exhaust gas purification device

7

cup exchanger for the use of flue gas heat8

air cooler in the engine cooling circuit

9

noise damper and stack10

air outlet for ventilation

11

secondary cooler of a mixture of air and landfill gas

12container of low voltage equipment

13

oil transformers

14

medium voltage container15

gas engine and power generator

16

freestanding closed oil tanks

17

gas ramps18

gas engine air preheater19

air intake system

20

control room_______________________________________________________________________________________ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT STUDY108

_________________________________________________________________________________________

21

closed tanks for fresh and used coolant

22

heat block container

23

block for the production of superheated water24

hot water production unit

25

heat block container

26

exhaust system

27

stairs to access the roof of the container

28

fence on the roof

The simplified block diagram of energy utilization of the landfill gas on the BEP plant shows thefollowing elements:- gas preparation unit (PG)
- activated carbon filter block- two cogeneration plants (CHP1 and CHP2) with gas/electric generators- thermal energy production unit (BT)- container with low voltage equipment and control room (LW)
- two oil transformers (UT1 and UT2)
- medium voltage container (SN1 and SN2)
- fresh engine oil container (RU) and- refrigerant tank (RF)Figure 33 Block diagram of landfill gas utilization at the BEP plant(abbreviations are internal, apply only to the block diagram)_______________________________________________________________________________________ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT STUDY109

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According to the block diagram, the landfill gas from the “old” landfill body (and later from thenew one) is collected by biotrns and the central collection pipeline is fed to the BEP plant.
The landfill gas collection system is in the form of a network of vertical pipes (biotrns) placed at
the depth of the landfill body and collectors for the collection and removal of landfill gas frombiotrns. With the main manifold pipeline, the landfill gas is fed, to the activated carbon (PG)
preparation/conditioning unit, to the BEP plant. The proposed number of biotrns per hectare of
new landfill body is in the upper limit (safer system) of the value range prescribed by ADEME(the French Environmental and Energy Management Environmental Agency).
After preparation, the gas is compressed for incorporation into CHP modules, which are equippedwith lubrication (RU) and cooling (RF) systems. The cooling system is connected to the heatutilization system (boilers of overheated and hot water). Two equal cogeneration units (CHP1 and
CHP2) are planned in which the energy obtained from the combustion of landfill gas (in the gas
generator with an alternator) is used to generate electricity.
A gas generator set is foreseen: a Caterpillar CG 170-16 gas engine and a Marelli alternator withthe following characteristics.
Table 14 Technical characteristics of the gas engine(Source: CHP 05/04/18-LF GAS-SRB)
Engine data
Unit
Value
engine type
Caterpillar
CG 170-16
type of alternator
Marelli
MJB 500 LA4
Nominal powerkW
1560
voltageV
400
frequency
Hz
50
number of cylinders
16
cylinder volume
L71
NOx emission (SCR and OXI
mg/Nm3<100/5% O 2
catalyst)
CO emission (SCR and OXI
mg/Nm3<80/5% O 2
catalyst)
gas consumption (for CH 4
Nm3/h
1 240
30%)
gas consumption (for CH 4
Nm3/h
734
50%)
rpm
min-1
1 500
compression ratio
1:14_______________________________________________________________________________________ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT STUDY110

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Electricity is produced by a three-phase, brushless, self-excited synchronous power
generator/alternator that is mechanically coupled to the gas engine. The motor generator set ismounted on rubber dampers between the base and the foundation, minimizing vibrations.

Figure 34 Layout of containers with the CHP module(Source: CHP 05/04/18-LF GAS-SRB)
The electricity produced is delivered through transformers - containers with low voltage (LW) andmedium voltage (MV) equipment. Within the BEP plant, two oil transformers are also provided toincrease the voltage to the MV equipment.
The BEP plant is equipped with a fire alarm and gas detection control panel so that all alarm signals
from these control panels are directed to the control room of the EfW plant.

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_________________________________________________________________________________________The tanks of spare and used working fluids within the BEP plant are:
- Free-standing closed oil tanks (2 pieces, for fresh and used oil, 2 m3 capacity, eachequipped with an oil pump)- Free-standing closed tanks for fresh and used coolant (water with 30% glycol), capacity
2m3 each equipped with a pump)
Exhaust gases from the BEP plant are discharged into the atmosphere via a stack 7.5 m high(measured from the top of the container). The stack is common to both CHP modules.
The hot water production set uses energy from the circulation circuit from cooling the gas engine.
In both cogeneration units, the engine cooling circuit contains a circulation pump and a plate heatexchanger. From the plate heat exchanger, heat is transferred to an external circulation circuit
having a circulation pump and a plate heat exchanger of 1698 kW common to both cogeneration
units and housed in the heat block container.
The hot-water production set uses the exhaust gas energy of the engine. In both cogeneration units,
the exhaust gas cooling circuit contains a circulation pump and a plate heat exchanger. From theplate heat exchanger, heat is transferred to the external flue gas circulation circuit which has acirculation pump and a plate heat exchanger with a power of 1 314 kW, which are common to bothcogeneration units and are housed in the heat block container. The exhaust gases are cooled froma temperature of 480° C to a temperature of 180° C.
Through these heat exchangers, overheated and hot water are delivered to the EfW plant fortechnological purposes.
To control the input, pre-prepared, landfill gas into the CHP module, a gas analyzer is provided tomeasure the concentrations of the following components:-

CH 4 → with a range of 0 - 100%
CO 2 → with a range of 0 - 100%
O 2 → with a range of 0 - 25% and
H 2 S → with a range of 0 - 5 000 ppm

Landfill gas sampling will be carried out at 4 points on the pipeline. The gas samples must be dried
and prepared for precision testing (the analyzer has an integrated unit for drying the gas samples).
The gas analysis system described is compact and built into the cabinet.

_______________________________________________________________________________________ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT STUDY112

_________________________________________________________________________________________For the preparation of landfill gas, two filter units are provided for removal:- H 2 S - activated carbon filter (2 pcs.) and- VOSiC - activated carbon filter (1 pc)
These filters have a capacity of 10 m3. They are free-standing and have a common mounting
structure. At the top of the structure there is a lift rail (to lift the filter fill when replacing).
3.2.3. Landscaping and greening areas in Functional unit 1
The landscaping and greening of all the areas within the complex are designed to meet the needsof the users as well as the standards of the planned facilities (IDP, 9 Exterior Design).
The concept of leveling solution of free surfaces in the complex is conditioned by the levels of theroads and the levels of the building. The leveling of the terrain foresees falls from the building andplateaus under the solid surface to the free green spaces and internal roads and further to the rain
sewer.
The sidewalks around the buildings are made of compacted concrete, designed in a minimum fall
towards green spaces and/or roads. Several types of plateau surfaces are foreseen at the complex.
Plateau for the accommodation of the air-cooled condenser facility is made of gravel pebble
material 10 cm thick, while the other plateaus (unloading plateau, stack area and DeNOx facility,
treatment and maturing slag plateau) are of compacted reinforced concrete.
The greening of the complex was done according to the conditions of PUC "Zelenilo Beograd", apreliminary architectural and transport design.
The goal of greening the complex is to stabilize the land and reduce the negative visual effect on
the area, i.e. on the area in the immediate environment.
Within the complex, smaller green spaces are foreseen at the entrances to the building and at the
parking area. Within the complex there are smaller areas for greening, while the larger green area,in the form of a protective belt, is provided around the complex.
On the parking area, there are tree-line seedlings and a lawn planned. Low decorative greeneryand deciduous shrubs are foreseen at the entrance to the administration building to create a more
pleasant effect.

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Figure 35 Landscaping Plan (Source: IDP, 9 Exterior Design)_______________________________________________________________________________________ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT STUDY114

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3.2.4. Preview of the type and amount of required energy and energy generating products,
water and raw materials
Electricity
In normal operation, for consumption, the EfW plant is powered from the distribution network(EMS) via 1 kV cable and the 10 kV plant. On disappearancein power supply across thisconnection, that is, loss voltage at 10 kV plant, automatici se is powered by a diesel electric unit,
whichi je likewisee connected to this switchgear, as soon ase se provides continuitye t power
supply own consumption.
The EfW plant will have one electric generator, which will be run by the steam turbine, with the
maximum power of 32.8 MW. It is envisaged thatthe generator be connected to the 11 kV plant,
to whichi the 110/11 kV transformer is also connected whichserves as a connection withthetransmission system (EMS) to which the fully produced electricity is handed over.
The 10 kV plant is used to connect power supply equipment for its own consumption. To the 10
kV plant the transformers 10/0.66 kV and 10/0.4 kV are connected over which the main
distributors 660V and 400V as well as a 2000kVA diesel unit are powered, which is activated in
the event of a power failure at this plant. The 10 kV plant is powered by a 10 kV cable from the
distribution network (EMS).
To power own consumption, four transformers are foreseen: two 10/0.66 kV transformers and two
10/0.4 kV transformers. All transformers are dry, resin insulated and witha switch for voltage
regulation.
Forpowering large engines, preko frekventnih regulatorathrough frequency regulators, the seswitchgear of own consumption of 660 V will bee used.
To power the restof consumers, including i smaller engines, via several sub distribution systems
and engine control centers, a switchgear of own consumption of 400 V will be used
Diesel electric generator, of power 2000 kVA, is provided forthe power supply of criticalconsumers in the event of a voltage failure at the 10 kV switchgear.
Energy generating products
The main energy generating products (as well as the raw material) at the EfW plant is municipal
solid waste whose incineration in the boiler plant recovers the energy obtained to produce anddistribute electricity and heat. The EfW plant is designed to utilize approximately 380,000 tonnesof municipal waste annually.
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_________________________________________________________________________________________For the purposes of igniting and maintaining fire at low boiler loads, it is envisaged to use liquid
fuel - diesel. The main diesel fuel tanks have a total capacity of V = 120 m3 (2 x 60 m3).

Figure 36 Main diesel fuel storage tanks(Source: IDP, 6/8 Mechanical Installation Design, Liquid Fuel System)
The main diesel fuel tanks are double-sheathed, housed in a reinforced concrete watertightbundwall.
Next to the bundwall there is a transshipment station with the necessary equipment for connecting
the tanker trucks to the transfer pumps, grounding and equalizing the electric potential with thetanks. The transshipment station is with a slope towards the grate to take the possibly leaked
derivative during the transfer, with a drain to the oil pit (grease and oil separator).
From these tanks, the following (internal) tanks are supplied with fuel:- Fuel tank in the auxiliary boiler room
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The connection of the above tanks to the main diesel fuel tanks is shown in the following figure.

Figure 37 Schematic diagram of the Liquid Fuel System(Source: IDP, 6/8 Mechanical Installation Design, Liquid Fuel System)_______________________________________________________________________________________ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT STUDY

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Water supply
For the water supply of Functional unit 1 thefollowing are hydrotechnical installations areenvisaged for:-

Sanitary water
Process waterFire protection water

Thei plantsa don'tin portsk na javnin linesodnu network.The facilities of the plant do not have aconnection to the public water supply network. Functional unit 1 will be suppliedwith water throughthe internal connection to the water supply of the whole landfill complex in Vinča, which isconnected to the Belgrade water supply system.

Figure 38. Functional scheme of water supply(IDP, 3/1 Design of Hydrotechnical Installations)
After the connection, a manhole with a water meter is provided. The water supply network is thendivided into two branches, one going to the raw water tank and the other to the raw water pumping
station.
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Expected available amount of water for the plant amounts to Qmax = 14.8 l/s, (expectedpressure
up to 1.0 bar), which is enough for sanitary and plant needs, as well as filling fire tanks.
Within the plant, a raw water tank is provided (volume 300 m3) and the pumping station. Pumps
to fill fire tanks and pumps for pressure increase in the sanitary network are supplied directly fromthe water supply pipeline, while the process pumps are supplied with water from a raw water tank.
Required quantity of water for sanitary purposes of Qmax = 2.35 l/s is provided from the internal
water supply network of the complex by pumps for pressure booster installed in the raw water
pump station.
Requireda quantities of process water of 1.45 l/s is provided from the water tank, by pumps
installed in the pump station of raw water. The tank with raw water of 300 m3 provides a two-day
quantity of water required for the process. The main consumer of raw water for technological
purposes is the HPW Demineralized Water Production Plant. The raw water for process purposes
will be supplied from the raw water tank by raw water pumps. From the thrust collector of the raw
water pumps, the water will be diverted to the consumers. Raw process water consumption is 5.31
t/h nominally, up to 5.65 t/h maximum.
The tanksi for fire water is sized to provide sufficient water to extinguish the relevant fire in the
durationof 2 h (volume 2 x 685 m3). Plant facilities are protected externally from the fire by theexternal hydrant network, while for internal fire protection there is an internal hydrant networkand sprinkler system.
The main energy source of the BEP plant is the generated landfill gas from the existing landfill(after its rehabilitation and remediation) and newly designed landfill of untreated waste (theselandfills are the subject of another project and are not within the KP1 planning unit).
The BEP plant will use the aforementioned infrastructure facilities planned for Functional Unit 1.

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3.2.5. Preview of the type and amount of discharged gases, water, and other liquid andgaseous effluents, considered by technological units including emissions into the air,discharges into surface and groundwater recipients, land disposal, noise, vibration, heat,radiation (ionizing and non-ionizing) etc.
EfW Plant (Functional Unit 1/1)
Flue gases
The technological scheme of the inlet air and the flue gases of the boiler plant is shown in the
figure.

Figure 38 Technological scheme of air and flue gases(IDP 6/1 Mechanical Installation Design, Boiler Plant with Incinerator)
To the defined EfW plant emitter, a boiler plant is connected to the associated facilities. Two fansare provided to supply fresh air to the boiler combustion chamber. The primary air fan takes air
from the storage hopper and the unloading area - reception hall and from the boiler room, while
the secondary air fan only takes air from the boiler room. The air is previously heated in the airheaters.
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Table 15 Balance of the primary and secondary air and flue gases(IDP 6/1 Mechanical Installation Design, Boiler Plant with Incinerator)
fuel,
Unit of
Basic parameters
Hd = 8500
measurekJ/kg
Air flow - inlet
Primary incineration air (from the fuel tank)
Nm3/h102.330
3
Primary incineration air (from the boiler room)
Nm /hSecondary incineration air (from the boiler room)
Nm3/h
50.9303
Air for liquid fuel burners
Nm /h38.160Air and flue gas flow - outlet
Air at the boiler outlet
Nm3/h
159.160
3
Flue gas at the exit after the final economizer
Nm /h196,419
The volume of waste air from the emitter/stack is about 200,000 m3/h. The emitter at the EfWplant is a 60.5 m double-sheathed steel stack.
Wastewater
In general, Functional Unit 1 (and therefore EfW and BEP plants with associated facilities) does
not have a direct connection to the public sewer network or direct discharge of waste andunpolluted atmospheric water into the natural recipient. All water, uncontaminated andcontaminated, from this part of the landfill complex is discharged into internal sewer systems thatconnect at the boundary of Functional Unit 1 to the corresponding systems of the second part ofthe landfill complex, such as the Leachate Water Treatment Plant (LTP) from the landfill bodies
and the Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP). These facilities are the subject of another project.

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Figure 39 Layout plan of hydrotechnical installations(IDP, 3/1 Exterior hydrotechnical installations)
Atmospheric sewer
The pollution of atmospheric waters depends on the pollution of the surfaces over which they flow.
Atmospheric water from new roads, roofs and plateaus will be collected by a special network of
enclosed collectors located below the road divided into two basins, both of which gravitate towards
the collector and continue to flow towards the peripheral canal of the landfill (clean water canal).
Water from the parking lot is considered oily due to vehicle retention, and these waters are treatedat the grease and oil separator before being discharged into the rain sewer.
Atmospheric waters in the boiler-slag zone (IBA zone) are collected by a special network of open
canals placed next to (along) roads that gravitate towards the IBA settling basin and the IBA
lagoon. Atmospheric waters in this zone are considered as polluted waters and belong to thetechnological sewage system.

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Oily atmospheric waters that occur in the regular operation of a step-up transformer are discharged
into the atmospheric sewage system after treatment in the grease and oil separator (oil pit).
Since there is no urban atmospheric sewer in the vicinity of the landfill, the collected clean
atmospheric water is evacuated beyond the boundaries of the plant through an open canal system
to the lagoon for receiving atmospheric water (beyond the boundaries of Functional Unit 1), andfurther to the Danube River (this lagoon is the subject of another project).
The relevant amounts of atmospheric precipitation for the calculation of atmospheric sewage wereadopted on the basis of data issued by the Republic Hydrometeorological Institute in Belgrade andamounted to 182 lit/sec/ha for a return period of 5 years of 20 min, which was adopted as therelevant rain for the calculation of atmospheric collectors in Functional Unit 1.
Based on the calculation, (IDP, 3/1 of the Exterior Hydrotechnical installations), the total amountof atmospheric sewage discharged into the recipient is about 350 l/s.
Fecal sewer system
Pollution of sanitary wastewater (fecal water) is organic in nature.
As there is no urban fecal sewage system built around the landfill, sewage wastewater from thefacilities will be collected by a special network of closed local collectors that gravitate towards thecollector and continue to be evacuated beyond the boundaries of Functional Unit 1 to the
Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP) ) located on the second part of the landfill complex (WWTPis the subject of another project).
The total quantities of sewage water evacuated to WWTP are about 3.4 l/s (3.06 l/s from theadministrative premises and 0.33 l/s from workshops and warehouses).
Technological sewer
Wastewater generated in the main and auxiliary systems of the EfW plant, as a result of theelectricity/heat production process, as well as from various washes in the plant circuit, arepotentially contaminated: municipal waste, combustion products, oils, water resulting from theevent of fire, chemicals used in the process, etc. Some process wastewater also has an increased
temperature.
The technological sewer network collects and drains waste water from process and technicalfacilities as well as from plateaus where technologically contaminated water occurs. The total
amount of wastewater that is collected is about 130 m3/h.

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These waters will be collected by the system of closed collectors (sewage network of processwaters) and after pre-treatment in the wastewater basin, they will be reused for various purposesin the technological process at the EfW plant.
Any excess of these waters will be overflowed and piped to the lagoon for leachate water from thesanitary landfill, from which it will be further directed to the leachate water treatment plant (LTP
plant). The leachate lagoon and the LTP plant are the subject of another project as they are notwithin Functional Unit 1.
In addition to pipelines, the sewage system for technological waters contains the following
facilities- IBA settling basin of app. 60 m3- IBA lagoon, of app. 800 m3- Wastewater basin, of app. 340 m3
The IBA settling basin and IBA lagoon will collect water from the IBA zone i.e. zones of the slag
removal system from the bottom of the boiler plant, consisting of leachate and atmospheric waterfrom that area. Preliminary sedimentation of suspended matter contained in this water is envisaged
in the receiving basin - the IBA settling basin, after which partially clarified water will bedischarged into the IBA lagoon, which is used as a buffer basin. Water from the IBA lagoon will
be pumped by submersible pumps to the wastewater basin for re-use for process purposes (thesewaters are in the recirculation system).
The wastewater basin will collect:- Atmospheric water from the reagent storage area
- Fly ash treatment system i.e. flue gas purification zone (APCR)- Atmospheric water from the plateau of the DeNOx system/building- Wastewater from the plant for the preparation of feed water for the boiler- Condensate from the blower system- Rainwater around the basin itself- Wastewater from floor washing in process areas (including boiler room, machine room,zone of boiler feed water preparation plant, etc.)
The wastewater basin will consist of several chambers: a reception chamber for calming the flow,
a settling basin, a recirculation chamber and a "clean water" chamber. The water from the "cleanwater" chamber is reused and taken by recirculation pumps to technological consumers. The
wastewater basin will have a return connection to the IBA lagoon, where the wastewater will bepumped by the pumps from the "clean water" chamber in case of heavy water inflows. Also, thebasin will be connected to the lagoon for leachate water at the sanitary landfill, in case of heavy
rainfall or when the capacity of the IBA lagoon is filled. Under “normal” atmospheric conditions
and regular operation of the plant, no overflow from the wastewater basin to the lagoon for theleachate water (i.e. outside Functional Unit 1) is foreseen.
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Oil sewage and oily waters from transformers
In order to supply the plant with electricity, it is planned to build a transformer station, which will
be located within the EfW plant. Below the transformer is a watertight concrete tub where oil andoily atmospheric water draining from the transformer may occur during regular operation.
The tub is of sufficient capacity to accept the entire amount of transformer oil in the event of an
accident/emergency on the transformer. The poured amount of oil and/or oily atmospheric water
is discharged to the oil pit (grease and oil separators) by oil sewage.
The oil pit also has the function of a separator/settling basin: separation of oil from water,
deposition of dust and sludge and drainage of treated water. The oil pit consists of three chambers:- Inflow chamber (A) - 2 m3
- Oil Extraction Chamber (B) - 20 m3- Outflow chamber for treated water (C) - 2 m3
As the amount of water draining from the tub into the pit/separator cannot be determined precisely,
based on engineering practice and experience for similar oil pits, the useful volume in thestabilization chamber corresponds to the total oil volume of one transformer plus 20% of thereserve.
The aforementioned volumes of oil pit chambers have been adopted which fully guarantee thefunctioning of the pit as an oily wastewater separator/settling basin.
After the oily water separator, from the outflow chamber, the treated water flows gravitationally(through a 300 mm diameter pipeline in a drop of 2.5%) to the atmospheric sewer shaft.
Noise emissions into the environment
For the purposes of the project, modeling of the noise level in the environment was performed.
The expected noise level of the project was performed by 3D acoustic modeling (CadnaA software
version 2018)
Based on the calculation, the expected noise levels at the defined measuring points, in the wide
area of the landfill complex, in the daytime/ evening operation ranged from 40-53.9 dB(A) and40.2-47.5 db(A).
A more detailed description of the measurements performed and the results of modeling ofenvironmental noise levels are given in sections 5.0. and 6.0.

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Waste generation
In Functional Unit 1, different types of waste are generated both by origin and by type and quantity.
The generated waste consists of waste from the production process, offices, laboratories andwarehouses, garden waste, etc., which can have non-hazardous and hazardous characteristics. The
project documentation shows the process waste from the boiler plant consisting of the slag fromthe bottom of the combustion chamber and fly ash in a stream of hot gases from the waste
incineration grate. The table shows the quantities of ash generated by the incineration of waste(calculated on dry weight).
Table 16 Amounts of ash for different waste incineration capacities(IDP 6/1 Mechanical Installation Design - Boiler Plant with Incinerator)
Maximum load
LTP = 7,500 kJ/kg
Waste flow = 49.4 t/hUnburned matter
Slag below the grate
Fly ash after
second and thirddraft
Fly ash after the fourthdraft
Fly ash totreatment of fluegases

Maximum load
LTP = 8,500 kJ/kg
Waste flow = 43.6 t/h

kg of ash per
ton of waste[kg/t of waste]
250
227

Flow
of ash[kg/h]
12,337
11,202kg of ash per
ton of waste[kg/t of waste]
272
247

Flow
of ash[kg/h]
11,872
10,755

2.3

113

2.6

112

4.6

227

5.1

223

16.1

794

17.9

782

Light, heat, radiation, etc.
Light emission is expected. Facilities in Functional Unit 1 will be illuminated by appropriate
lighting.
The heat emission is expected from the ventilation system for natural and forced ventilation of thepremises where the heat source equipment is housed (especially from the boiler room, electricalbuilding, turbine building and compressor station).
Substations and high voltage cables are sources of non-ionizing radiation. There are no sources ofionizing radiation in this functional unit.

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3.2.6. Demonstration of technology for treatment of all types of waste materials
3.2.6.1. Flue gas purification system for the EfW plant
In order to reduce pollutant emissions, flue gases are treated in two positions at the boiler plant:
within the combustion chamber and at the boiler outlet.
For the purposes of reducing the emission of nitrogen oxides in the flue gas, a selective noncatalytic reduction (SNCR) system is provided within the combustion chamber, treatment with theso-called "wet" procedure. The SNCR system uses injection of urea solution directly into the boiler
chamber. The urea solution is stored in a 50 m3 tank from which the solution is directly injected
into the combustion chamber of the boiler.
For the selection of the right equipment for the purification offlue gas, through the so-called "dry"procedure, at the exit of the boiler plant and its adequate sizing, the flue gas characteristics used
for two boiler operating modes, at maximum continuous load (MCR,) were used for the
calculation. The input design parameters are shown in the table.
Table 17 Input design parameters - flue gas characteristics(Source: IDP, 6/5 Mechanical Installation Design – Flue Gas Purification Systems)
Parameter

Unit

Operation mode

Nm /h dry gas
Nm3/h wet gas
kg/h wet gas
m3/s
oC
kPa
% in wet gases% in dry gases% in wet gases% in dry gases
kg/h% in wet gases
3

Flow
Temperature
Relative pressure
Content of O 2
Content of CO 2
Content of H 2 O
Harmful substances
Powdered matter (and products of
ti )

kg/h

Flue gas
Boiler outlet
MCR
MCR+
154,346
180,499
191,734
222,564
239,194
276,941
82.3
95.8
140
140
-0.75
-1.01
6.13
7.58
7.61
9.35
9.50
8.33
11.80
10.27
30,05633,816
19.50
18.90
866

883

3

mg/Nm dry gas
4 192
4 196
kg/h
134.3
136.7
mg/Nm3 dry gas
650
650
HF
kg/h
2.1
2.1
mg/Nm3 dry gas
10
10
SO 2
kg/h
51.6
52.6
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NOx
Heavy metals
Cd + Tl and their compounds
Hg and its compounds
Sb+As+Pb+Cr+Co+Cu+Mn+Ni+V
Dioxins and furans

mg/Nm3 dry gas
kg/h
mg/Nm3 dry gas

250
41.3
200

250
42.1
200

kg/h
mg/Nm3 dry gas
kg/h
mg/Nm3 dry gas
kg/h
mg/Nm3 dry gas
kg/hng/Nm3 dry gas

0.41
2
0.06
0.3
33.1
160
1.03
5

0.42
2
0.06
0.3
33.7
160
1.05
5

The flue gases are introduced into the reaction canal (reactor) after the boiler plant and the bag
filter and further through the flue gas fan (and gas analyzer) taken to the in stack.
The plant for purification of flue gases from sulfur oxides, volatile heavy metals (Hg) and organic
components (dioxins and furans) after the boiler plant includes the following elements:- Sorbent mixing reactor (activated carbon and hydrated lime) with flue gas before entering
bag dust filters;- Hydrated lime storage and injection system;- Activated carbon storage and injection system;- Bag filter;- The system for the so-called “maturation” (chemical reactions to form the final waste
product) and recirculation of waste matter (residues);- Final waste matter collection/storage system;- Flue gas fan, gas ducts and noise damper;- Freestanding double wall stack for the removal and discharge of purified flue gases into theatmosphere with gas analyzers.

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The figure shows a system model for purification of flue gas.

Figure 40 Model system for the purification of flue gas from the EfW plant
At the exit of the boiler, the flue gases go to the reactor which has the purpose of optimizing andintensifying mass transfer between flue gases and dry sorbents (activated charcoal and hydratedlime). Since sorbents are added in excess, as well as because of unreacted amounts and savings inreagents, the recirculation of contents from the bag filter is foreseen (recirculation silo is provided).
After dosing the sorbents into the flue gas stream, the following chemical reactions occur in thereactor between combustion products and hydrated lime:
2HCl + Ca(OH) 2 → CaCl 2 + 2H 2 O
2HF + Ca(OH) 2 → CaF 2 + 2H 2 O
SO 2 + Ca(OH) 2 + ½O 2 → CaSO 4 +H 2 O
Adsorption of heavy metals, dioxins and furans is made possible by the application of activatedcharcoal.
The flue gas from the reactor is introduced into the bag filter. The retained powders and the
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chamber of the filter and are withdrawn from the system into the recirculation silo. From the silo,part of the material is returned to the gas stream before the reactor, and part is discharged into thesilos of thermogenic waste (flue gas treatment residues - APCR). From the silo of thermogenic
waste, the material goes to the solidification and stabilization system (subsection 3.2.5.2).
Sorbents, hydrated lime and activated carbon are all dosed from the sorbent silo.
The system for storing and injecting hydrated lime includes a silo with the accompanying
equipment necessary for loading the lime into the silo, its removal and dosage from the silo,
and injection into the reactor.
Hydrated lime (Ca(OH)2) is delivered to the plant as dry powdered sorbent by truck tanks andstored in a silo of 200 m3capacity.
For adsorption of volatile heavy metals (Hg) and organic components (i.e. PCDD/Fpolychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzo furan) to be separated, powdered activatedcarbon is added to the flue gas stream, together with hydrated lime.
The system for storing and injecting activated charcoal includes a silo with theaccompanying equipment necessary for loading the activated charcoal into the silo, itsremoval and dosage from the silo, and injection into the reactor.
Activated charcoal is delivered to the silo by truck tanks in the form of dry powder and stored in asilo of 110 m3 capacity.
In the EfW plant, the powdered injected activated charcoal is collected along with the residues in
the APCR silo. The APCR is then stabilized and disposed of in a landfill for waste resulting fromthe treatment of waste at the EfW plant (which is the subject of another project, i.e. another impact
assessment study). In the BEP plant, activated charcoal is deposited in large, big-bag, bags.
A bag filter is a high-efficiency compressed-air (impulse) bag shaking device consisting ofa housing, with vertically mounted cylindrical bags, untreated gas inlet ducts, purified gas
outlet ducts and ash collection funnels.
The recirculation silo also has the role of allowing the maturation of the material, the so-called"maturation" of thermogenic waste. From this silo, the settled material from the bag filter isdischarged into thermogenic waste silos (2 x 200 m3in volume), i.e. to the system for the treatmentof thermogenic waste (APCR) by the procedure of solidification.
The waste material deposited in the flue gas purification plant is a mixture of fly ash, dry reaction
salts from the chemical equations mentioned above (CaCl2 x 2H2O, CaSO4 x 2H2O, CaSO3 x½H2O, CaF2 x 2H2O) and excess sorbents.
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The flue gas fan is used to compensate for the pressure drop in the plant, transport the fluegas through all the elements located at the inlet to the plant and control the pressure in the
combustion chamber.
The complete fan unit - fan and drive, is housed in a common housing protected fromvibration. Given that the fan motor is the main source of noise in the plant, an adequate noise
damper is provided.
The stack is a two-wall freestanding, made of stainless steel. The internal flue duct iscarbon steel and is thermally insulated. The stack height is 60.5 m.
The internal flue duct has appropriate openings provided for manual sampling andconnection of the system for continuous measurement of emissions (CEMS). The
continuous emission measurement system consists of purified flue gas analyzers formeasuring physical quantities (temperature, pressure and flow), concentration of pollutants
at the exit from the plant (SO2, HCl, NOx, NH3, CO, TOC, HF, CO2, powders, dioxins,
furans) as well as oxygen (O2) and moisture in the flue gas (H2A) (Source: IDP, 6/5
Mechanical Installation Design - Flue Gas Purification Systems).
The main tasks of the control and management system at the flue gas purification plant are:
Keep pollutant emissions within the permissible limits; To ensure continuous and reliable operation of the system;
To achieve optimum reagent utilization with minimum energy consumption;
To ensure the integration and harmonization of the system operation with theoperation of the boiler plant and other technological equipment of the unit;
The following table gives the maximum emission values at the stack outlet into the atmosphere,
which are expected after the designed Flue Gas Purification System.
Table 18 . Maximum expected values of emissions on the exit from the stack in theatmosphere, at nominal conditions of operation(Source: IDP, 6/5 Mechanical Installation Design - Systems for purification of flue gas)
Harmful substances

Unit

Value

Powdered matter

mg/Nm3, dry gas, 11% O2
30-10 (*) / 30 (**)

HCl
HF
SO2
Dioxins and furans

mg/Nm , dry gas, 11% O2
mg/Nm3, dry gas, 11% O2
mg/Nm3, dry gas, 11% O2
ng/Nm3, dry gas, 11% O2

0-10 (*) / 60 (**)
0-1 (*) / 4 (**)
0-50 (*) / 200 (**)
0-0.1 (***)

Nitrogen oxides expressed as NO2

mg/Nm3, dry gas, 11% O20-200 (*) / 400 (**)

NH3
CO

3

mg/Nm , dry gas, 11% O2
mg/Nm3, dry gas, 11% O2

0-15 (*) / 20 (**)
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Gaseous and vapor organic matter (expressed
mg/Nm3, dry gas, 11% O2
as total organic carbon – TOC)

0-10 (*) / 20 (**)

Cd and Tl
Hg

mg/Nm3, dry gas, 11% O2
mg/Nm3, dry gas, 11% O2

0-0.05 (****)
0-0.05 (****)

Sb, As, Pb, Cr, Co, Cu, Mn, Ni and V

mg/Nm3, dry gas, 11% O2

0-0.5 (****)

Note:(*) - mean daily value(**) - mean half-hour value(***) - sampling from 6 to 8 h(****) - sampling from 0.5 to 8 h

The following figures show the technological schemes of the Flue Gas Purification System.

Figure 41 Technological scheme of the Flue Gas Purification System from the EfW plant (1)(Source: IDP, 6/5 Mechanical Installation Design - Systems for purification of flue gas_______________________________________________________________________________________ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT STUDY132

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Figure 42 Technological scheme of the Flue Gas Purification System from the EfW plant (2)(Source: IDP, 6/5 Mechanical Installation Design - Systems for purification of flue gas)
The internal flue duct has appropriate openings provided for manual sampling andconnection of the system for continuous measurement of emissions (CEMS). The continuous
emission measurement system consists of purified flue gas analyzers for measuring physicalquantities (temperature, pressure and flow), concentration of pollutants at the exit from theplant (SO2, HCl, NOx, NH3, CO, TOC, HF, CO2, powders, dioxins, furans) as well as oxygen(O2) and moisture in the flue gas (H2O).
3.2.6.2. Treatment of thermogenic waste (APCR) from the EfW plant
From the flue gas purification system, thermogenic waste (APCR) retained in the bags of thebag filter is temporarily stored in the silo of thermogenic waste from which it is removed fortreatment/stabilization by a solidification process.
The purpose of the application of solidification and stabilization of thermogenic waste (which has
the characteristics of hazardous waste) is to use "reagents" to bind pollutants, to prevent theirelution (leaching) from stabilized waste and its transformation into a product that has thecharacteristics of non-hazardous waste.
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_________________________________________________________________________________________The process of solidification is relatively simple in technological terms and involves
mixing/blending in a blender/mixer of streams of material: thermogenic waste, reactants andwater. Final product -– solidification is environmentally friendly, i.e. has a useful value (andcan be disposed of in a sanitary landfill as non-hazardous waste).
In accordance with the block diagram of material balance of thermogenic waste solidification plant(Source: IDP, 6/7 Mechanical Installation Design Solidification and Dispatch of APCR
thermogenic waste) in the following figure, from thermogenic waste silos - APCR (2 x 200 m3involume), the silo for reactants (lime, cement, slag, etc.) with a volume of 2 x 100 m3 and watertanks (2 x 15 m3 in volume), through auger conveyors, the input materials are via measuring tanks(3 m3 for APCR and 0.6 m3 for reactants) and water from a measuring tank (1.2 m3) inserted intoa mixer with a volume of 2 m3.

Figure 43 Material balance of the plant for the solidifikacation of thermogenic waste (Source:
IDP, 6/7 Mechanical Installation Design, Solidification and Dispatch of APCR thermogenic
waste)_______________________________________________________________________________________ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT STUDY

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After mixing and completion of the reaction, the truck tank will be transport the stabilized APCR
to a new inert waste landfill, outside the KP1 planning unit, inside the Vinča landfill complex,
which is not the subject of this study. The newly designed inert waste landfill is the subject ofanother project - a new landfill with associated facilities in Vinča.
3.2.6.3. Treatment of slag from the combustion chamber of the boiler of the EfW plant
The hot slag from the bottom of the boiler combustion chamber (IBA), below the "Martin" grate,drops through the slag opening into the deslugger. Complete quenching and cooling of slag toapproximately 80 - 90oC allows safe slag removal without ash and odor. After cooling, the slag istaken to a discharge device (3 pcs.), through which it is then transported to a system of vibrating
screens that separates larger slag from smaller fractions. The larger slag that separates from thesystem is accepted in metal containers, 2 m3.
The finer fraction is discharged by belt conveyors into a receiving hopper from which the belt
conveyor is inserted through a magnetic separator into a drum sieve. On this conveyor, a larger
metal fraction is separated. The metal fraction is separated from the system and accepted in a metal
container.
From the drum sieve, a larger fraction is separated. The finer fraction from the drum isconveyed to the depots for temporary reception of the slag via a belt conveyor, over amagnetic separator. From the depot, the slag is transported to the slag maturation plateau
within Functional Unit 1 (IBA zone, pos. 8b on the layout plan of Functional Unit 1). The
finer metal fraction is separated from the system and accepted in a metal container.
In general, the treatment of slag from the bottom of the boiler plant includes a line for sorting andseparating the following fractions:- larger pieces of slag
- slag granulation 1 40-300mm- slag granulation 2 0-40mm- metal fraction 1 0-300mm- metal fraction 2 0-40mm
Larger pieces of slag are transported to a new inert waste landfill, outside the KP1 construction
site, within the Vinča landfill complex after maturation at the temporary storage area - IBA zone.
The newly designed inert waste landfill is the subject of another project - a new landfill withassociated facilities in Vinča. The separated metal fraction is accepted in metal containers, andafter characterization is completed, will be submitted to the Operators with the appropriate waste
management permit.

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The following figure shows the technological scheme of the Slag Dispatch and Treatment Systemfrom the incinerator of municipal waste.

Figure 44 Technological scheme of the System for dispatch and treatment of slag
(Source: IDP, 6/6 Mechanical Installation Design, Dispatch and Treatment of incinerator slag)_______________________________________________________________________________________ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT STUDY

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3.2.6.4. Flue gas treatment of the BEP plant
Based on the gas flow diagram of the BEP plant, the landfill gas is treated on the filter forthe removal of H2S before being introduced into the CHP module. After this filter, gas is
introduced into the demister to remove the droplets from the gas stream. From the demister,gas is introduced into the activated carbon filter through a booster compressor to remove
volatile and silicate materials. After the activated carbon filter, the gas is introduced into the
CHP module.
Removal filter H 2 S consists of two filter units with a capacity of 2 x 10 m3 . Filter withactivated carbon has a capacity of 10 m3.
Landfill gas in the amount of 800-1,400 Nm is delivered to the BEP plant3/h (with 50% CH 4 ).
After san diego, they described him as driving
utilization in the CHP module, the amount of gas output is 400-700 Nm3 /h.
The amount of gas at the landfill was obtained by modeling. The diagrams show the production ofgas from the "old" and new landfill.
The following diagrams indicate for each landfill (old and new) the collection and production of
biogas estimated by the SIMCET software.
Biogas production and capture - OLD LANDFILL
biogas inflow (50% of CH4) and Nm3 / h

6000
5000

Total captured biogas
Total produced biogas

4000
3000
2000
1000
0
2015

2020

2025

2030

2035

2040

2045

2050

2055

2060

Years

Figure 45 Production and collection of biogas from the “old” landfill_______________________________________________________________________________________ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT STUDY

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Biogas production and capture - NEW LANDFILL
2500
biogas inflow (50% of CH4) and Nm3 / h

Total captured biogas
Total produced biogas

2000

1500

1000

500

0
2015

2025

2035

2045

2055

2065

2075

2085

Years

Figure 46 Production and collection of biogas from the new landfill
Old landfill:- Biogas production reaches a maximum flow value of 5500 Nm3 h (with 50% CH 4 ) in 2020,
then logarithmically decreasing, to reach near zero in 2060;- From 2020 to 2035, biogas flow ranges between 1900 Nm3/h and 300 Nm3/h with an average
flow of about 830 Nm3/h.
New landfill:- Except the production at start (2390 Nm3/h in 2022), biogas production reaches a maximum
flow rate of 2070 Nm3/h (with 50% CH 4 ) in 2050 and then logarithmically decreases to reach 300
Nm3/h in 2056 and near zero in 2090;- From 2020 to 2053, biogas flow ranges between 300 Nm3/h and 1400 Nm3/h with an average
flow of about 1000 Nm3/h.
After utilization of the landfill gas energy on the gas generator, an emitter / stack is
anticipated to release gases into the atmosphere, 7.5 m high (measured from the top of thecontainer with the CHP module).
The following figures show diagrams of gas treatment systems, filter systems and materialbalance of gas flows at a BEP plant (Source: CHP-05/04/18-LF GAS-SRB, CEEFOR,2018).
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Figure 47 Landfill gas treatment system diagram_______________________________________________________________________________________ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT STUDY

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Figure 48 Diagram of gas flow through filters_______________________________________________________________________________________ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT STUDY140

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Figure 49 Material balance of landfill gas treatment systems
The analysis and quality control of landfill gas is performed by a Gas analyzer connected to thegas flow to the CHP module. The gas analyzer is intended to measure the concentrations ofpollutants in the exhaust gas, having the following characteristics:- CH 4 → with a range of 0 – 100%
- CO 2 → with a range of 0 - 100%
- O 2 → with a range of 0 - 25% and- H 2 S → with a range of 0 - 5 000 ppm
Flue gas treatment plants are planned on the BEP platform. Existing legislation does not define
emission limit values for stationary sources for combined heat and power production, especially if
landfill gas is used.
The Regulation on Limit Values of Emissions of Pollutants into the Air from Combustion Plants("Official Gazette of RS", No. 6/2016) defines the emission limit values for NOx and CO(including gas engines).
_______________________________________________________________________________________ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT STUDY141

_________________________________________________________________________________________The source of emissions at the BEP cogeneration plant is gas engines, that is, flue gases fromcogeneration units.
According to the regulation, the BEP plant is in the category of "new medium combustion plants"that use gaseous fuels other than natural gas. For this group of combustion plants (which do not
exclude gas engines), the maximum permitted values for pollutants are:- for CO = 80 mg/Nm3 and- for NOx = 200 mg/Nm3 (calculated for dry gas with 3% O 2 )The gas engine manufacturer guarantees the following maximum values of pollutant
concentrations in the exhaust:-

NOx emission values (according to TA-Luft regulations) - <500 mg/Nm³ (5% O 2 )CO emission values (according to TA-Luft regulations) - <600 mg/Nm³ (5% O 2 )dust emission values - <100 mg/Nm³ (5% O 2 )A system for continuous measurement of NOx concentration is provided at the BEP plant. Thissystem will be linked to the control of the urea dosing system to reduce NOx emissions.
Based on the requirements of the PDR, it is necessary to anticipate the SCR OXY module to reduceengine exhaust emissions. An example of this system is shown in the following drawing:_______________________________________________________________________________________ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT STUDY

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_________________________________________________________________________________________The planned, automatic system for reducing concentrations of pollutants from exhaust gases,
contains:a) NOx control, which is necessarily linked tob) the dosage unit.
To reduce CO and NMHECH emissions, the oxidation catalyst must be slightly higher thanstandard and must be replaced (every 16,000 hours of plant operation).
It should be noted that using the above system, the NOx level in the engine may be less than 500
mg/Nm3, which will increase electrical efficiency (but reduce thermal efficiency). The overall
efficiency of the plant remains almost unchanged.
Dust extraction systems - industrial ventilation and filtration systems
In the waste acceptance phase, the reduction of dust emissions into the environment is ensured by
the primary suction of air from the waste hopper, which is discharged into the boiler plant, for the
purpose of waste incineration.
The dust generated during the waste incineration process at the EfW plant is extracted from thesystem by the use of bag filters. The dust is then collected from the tank under the bag filter into
silos, with a closed transport system. The reduction of dust emissions from the slag under the boiler
grate (IBA) is done by a water sprinkler system.

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_________________________________________________________________________________________In the following text, P&I diagrams of the combustion air system, IBA system and bag filter system
are given, as well as in the Study annexes.

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The cooled ash and slag (IBA) exits the damp part of the slag and ash extractor below the grate of
the boiler plant so that there is no dust emission. The extractor also has a water vapor extraction
system that ensures the extraction of any particles in the ash and slag emptying zone on the lower
conveyors. When ash and slag are deposited in the IBA zone before final disposal, dust emission
is controlled by water spray.

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The figures show the IBA system and the central vacuum system of the plant. Figures are also
included in the Study annexes.

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There are two sources of emission of powders from the EfW plant: from the waste hopper andduring waste reception and from the stack after flue gas treatment. Dust emissions from the waste
reception area are mitigated by the primary intake of air that is discharged into the boiler plant for
the waste incineration process. Stack dust emissions are mitigated by a comprehensive flue gas
purification system (more specifically, with bag filters). The emission of dust from the stack is
constantly monitored by a continuous emission monitoring system. The detailed technicalcharacteristics of a comprehensive filtration and ventilation system are an integral part of theextensive design and technical documentation and cannot be presented in the Study in such an
extent. As an illustration, a table of System for the extraction of dust with the bag filter is provided,
as well as excerpts from the part of the technical documentation in the annexes to the Study.
Flue Gas Treatment: Bag Filters +ID Fan246207 Nm3/hPrimary Air Suction (Waste
Hopper)124060 Nm3/h

Flue Gas from Incineration: 224118
Nm3/h

Ambiant Air from Waste
Hopper: 101720 Nm3/h

5600 m2

Not known at this stage

type of filter elements (bags, cartridges,
packets)

Bag Filters, material: P84/PTFE
0,130m diameter x 6m length

2 mm mesh at suction in
Waste
Hopper+
Cartridge Filter (See PID
53051420_65P0110)

how the collected dust in filters isdischarged, and which is the manner offurther handling thereof

Pulsed Compressed Air at the top of
the bag filters makes the dust drop
into
hoppersunder
each
compartments then it is transported
automatically via screw and chain
conveyors followed by sealed
Pneumatic transport to Residues
Silos.

Cartridge Filter (See PID
53051420_65P0110)

exhausting fan: capacity (m3/h), pressure(Pa) and electric engine power (kW)ID Fan Capacity: 270504 Nm3/h
Total
Head:
6100
Pa
Electrical Power: 910kW

ID Fan Capacity: 134394
Nm3/h
Total Head: 8800 Pa
Electrical Power: 560kW

total air flow capacity (m3/h)
sources of pollution, from which theexhausting from the processing equipmentwith the envisaged quantities of exhausting(m3/h) takes place
the envisaged deduster (filter) with its filter
surface area (m2)

Bag Filters data extracted from EPC Contract Schedule ERS B07
ID Fan data extracted from ID Fan Datasheet (LAB) 53051321_LAJ0001
Primary Air Fan Data extracted from Datasheet 53051311_65I0003_______________________________________________________________________________________ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT STUDY148

_________________________________________________________________________________________The emission of powdered substances is monitored in accordance with the monitoring plan andthe legislation and it is guaranteed that emissions will be below 10 mg/Nm3 under the EPC
Contract. This is in line with the EU directive on waste incineration. A dust emission of 100
mg/Nm3 is guaranteed for the BEP plant under the PPP Contract.
It is guaranteed that the envisaged dedusters (filters) in each of these systems will purify pollutants
below the limit values prescribed by the legislation are regular monitoring of pollutant emissions
from the plant, reports on monitoring carried out in accordance with the regulations and control by
the competent authorities for control and surveillance (inspection).
The planned dust extraction systems are in themselves a concrete technical and technologicalmeasure designed to reduce the emission of pollutants from the plant.
The replacement of bag filters in the EfW plant is carried out during the planned overhaul - filterbag replacements. Three landfill gas filters at the BEP plant utilize activated carbon: the filter isfilled with fresh activated carbon from above, while used activated carbon is discharged at thebottom. The adsorption rate is monitored, even when the adsorption rate drops below 80% fresh
activated carbon must be introduced. The process is to empty 50% of the height of the filter fill
and reset to 100% to move the fill top to the bottom of the silo.

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3.2.6.5. Wastewater collection, treatment and evacuation
Wastewater collection, treatment and evacuation from Functional Unit 1 is part of the newly
designed integral wastewater management system at the Vinča landfill complex.
Generally, generated wastewater and atmospheric water from the planned functional unit of KP1
do not have direct discharge into the final recipient of all water from the landfill complex in Vinča- the Danube River.
The boundary of the description of the internal system for collection, treatment and evacuation ofwaste water from Functional Unit 1 ends at its boundary with the planned unit K3 - surface for theconstruction of a new sanitary landfill of municipal waste (new landfill body), or to theappropriately designed connections for: atmospheric unpolluted/treated water, excess processwastewater and sanitary fecal wastewater.
The following figure shows a block diagram of a newly designed integrated wastewater
management system at the Vinča landfill complex.

Figure 50 Block diagram of wastewater management(Source: IDP, 3/1 Hydrotechnical Installation Design, Exterior Hydrotechnical Installations)_______________________________________________________________________________________ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT STUDY

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Atmospheric sewer
Atmospheric water from new roads, roofs and plateaus will be collected by a special network of
enclosed collectors located below the road divided into two basins, both of which gravitate towards
the collector and continue to flow towards the peripheral canal of the landfill (clean water canal).
Water from the parking lot is considered oily due to vehicle retention, and these waters are treatedat the grease and oil separator before being discharged into the rain sewer.
Atmospheric waters in the boiler-slag zone (IBA zone) are collected by a special network of open
canals placed next to (along) roads that gravitate towards the IBA settling basin and the IBA
lagoon. Atmospheric waters in this zone are considered as polluted waters and belong to thetechnological sewage system.
Oily atmospheric waters that occur in the regular operation of a step-up transformer are discharged
into the atmospheric sewage system after treatment in the grease and oil separator (oil pit).
The collected clean atmospheric water is evacuated beyond the boundaries of the plant through an
open canal system to the lagoon for receiving atmospheric water (beyond the boundaries ofFunctional Unit 1), and further to the Danube River (this lagoon is the subject of another project).
Technological sewer
Wastewater generated in the main and auxiliary systems of the EfW plant, as a result of theelectricity/heat production process, as well as from various washes in the plant circuit, arepotentially contaminated: municipal waste, combustion products, oils, water resulting from theevent of fire, chemicals used in the process, etc. Some process wastewater also has an increased
temperature.
The technological sewer network collects and drains waste water from process and technicalfacilities as well as from plateaus where technologically contaminated water occurs. These waters
will be collected by the system of closed collectors (sewage network of process waters) and after
pre-treatment in the wastewater basin, they will be reused for various purposes in the technologicalprocess at the EfW plant.
Any excess of these waters will be overflowed and piped to the lagoon for leachate water from thesanitary landfill, from which it will be further directed to the leachate water treatment plant (LTP
plant). The leachate lagoon and the LTP plant are the subject of another project as they are notwithin Functional Unit 1.
The system for treatment of technological wastewater contains the following facilities:- IBA settling basin of app. 60 m3- IBA lagoon, of app. 800 m3_______________________________________________________________________________________ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT STUDY

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Wastewater basin, of app. 260 m3

The IBA settling basin and IBA lagoon will collect water from the IBA zone i.e. zones of the slag
removal system from the bottom of the boiler plant, consisting of leachate and atmospheric waterfrom that area. Preliminary sedimentation of suspended matter contained in this water is envisaged
in the receiving basin - the IBA settling basin, after which partially clarified water will bedischarged into the IBA lagoon, which is used as a buffer basin. Water from the IBA lagoon will
be pumped by submersible pumps to the wastewater basin for re-use for process purposes (thesewaters are in the recirculation system).
The wastewater basin will collect:- Atmospheric water from the reagent storage area
- Fly ash treatment system i.e. flue gas purification zone (APCR)- Atmospheric water from the plateau of the DeNOx system/building- Wastewater from the plant for the preparation of feed water for the boiler- Condensate from the blower system- Rainwater over the basin itself- Wastewater from floor washing in process areas (including boiler room, machine room,zone of boiler feed water preparation plant, etc.)
The wastewater basin will consist of several chambers: a reception chamber for calming the flow,
a settling basin, a recirculation chamber and a "clean water" chamber. The water from the "cleanwater" chamber is reused and taken by recirculation pumps to technological consumers.
The wastewater basin will have a return connection to the IBA lagoon, where the wastewater will
be pumped by the pumps from the "clean water" chamber in case of heavy water inflows. Also,
the basin will be connected to the lagoon for leachate water at the sanitary landfill, in case of heavy
rainfall or when the capacity of the IBA lagoon is filled. Under “normal” atmospheric conditions
and regular operation of the plant, no overflow from the wastewater basin to the lagoon for theleachate water (i.e. outside Functional Unit 1) is foreseen.
The largest technological consumers of water from the wastewater basin are:-Desluggers (for slag cooling purposes) and
Thermogenic Waste Solidification System (APCR).

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Oil sewage and oily waters from transformers
In order to supply the plant with electricity, it is planned to build a transformer station, which will
be located within the EfW plant. Below the transformer is a watertight concrete tub where oil andoily atmospheric water draining from the transformer may occur during regular operation.
The tub is of sufficient capacity to accept the entire amount of transformer oil in the event of an
accident/emergency on the transformer. The poured amount of oil and/or oily atmospheric water
is discharged to the oil pit (grease and oil separators) by oil sewage.
The oil pit also has the function of a separator/settling basin: separation of oil from water,
deposition of dust and sludge and drainage of treated water. The oil pit consists of three chambers:-

Inflow chamber (A) - 2 m3
Oil Extraction Chamber (B) - 20 m3
Outflow chamber for treated water (C) - 2 m3

After the oily water separator, from the outlet chamber, the treated water flows gravitationally(through a 300 mm pipeline in a drop of 2.5%) to the atmospheric sewer shaft and further to thecorresponding connection at the boundary with the K3 planning unit.
Faecal sewer system
Sanitary-fecal wastewater from the facilities will be collected by a special network of closed local
collectors that gravitate towards the collector and continue to be evacuated beyond the boundaries
of Functional Unit 1 to the Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP) ) located on the second part ofthe landfill complex (WWTP is the subject of another project).

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3.3. OVERVIEW OF CONFORMITY OF PLANNED AND DESIGNEDSOLUTIONS WITH THE REFERENCE BAT DOCUMENT
As a candidate country for EU membership, the Republic of Serbia has partially transposed the
EU legal framework related to integrated prevention and control of environmental pollution. Waste
incineration is an activity for which a number of standards are provided through a reference
document: the Best Available Techniques (BAT) Reference Document on Waste Incineration,
August 2006 and the draft Best Available Techniques (BAT) Reference Document on Waste
Incineration, draft 1 , May 2017).
The EfW plant should comply with a given set of BATs, more specifically the technicalrequirements defined in the reference documents should be implemented through the technicalsolution for the plant. The analysis of compliance with BATs include:- identification of key environmental issues for the waste incineration sector;- examining the techniques most relevant to solving the key issues identified;- identification of the best environmental measures;- examining the conditions under which the best environmental effects are achieved;- selection of the best available techniques, their emission levels (and other environmental
effects), monitoring and more.

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A comparison of the planned technological solutions for the EfW plant with the BATs is shown in the following table.
Table 19 Compliance of planned EfW plant technological solutions with BAT

Activity(BREF Chapter 5)

BAT REQUEST(BREF Chapter 4
references)

METHODS AND TECHNIQUES APPLIEDCRITERIAFULFILLMENT

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

GENERAL PRACTICE BEFORE THERMAL TREATMENT
The installation design (and its functioning) is fit for purpose, suitable for municipal waste.
Hopper:
The dimensions of the hopper and waste hoist allow the operator to mix in the waste stream.
Grate technology:
Sections 4.1.1/4.2.1/4.2.3
The facility will include a single incineration line with a maximum combustion capacity of 49.4 t/h of waste with LTP between
1. Construction of Selection of installations 6,000 kJ/kg and 7,500 kJ/kg, or 43.6 t/h when using waste with LTP of 8,500 kJ/kg.
YES, according
installations
that meet the characteristics The grate is designed for continuous operation with LTP in the range of 6,000 kJ/kg to 12,000 kJ/kg and the incineration of to BATof the waste received
various types of waste.
The proposed technology includes air cooling of the grate with the Martin Vario reversible effect
Boiler:
The facility includes a boiler designed according to the latest experiences of our CNIM Technology Provider with a vertical heatexchanger, behind the flow furnace.
The facility will be surrounded by a fence and neatly organized with a peripheral green belt and maintained in a clean and tidy
condition. Also, production areas within process buildings will be maintained and clean.
The waste unloading reception hall will be closed and will occupy a limited area at the level of dumpsite and hopper, and will
be equipped with openings for natural air circulation.
A dust removal system will prevent or retain airborne dust from the hopper. Includes an automated spray control and radio
Section 4.1.2
control system operated from the control room.
2. Arranged location, Maintaining the site in
In addition, combustion air is sucked in from the unloading hall so that odors and air dust are sucked from the hopper to thecleanlinessgenerally orderly and clean
incineration line.
condition
All powder storage silos are equipped with a filter to limit dust emissions to the environment (during loading or unloading).
Separate collection and discharge of clean and contaminated wastewater is provided (see also Article 47).
Pure atmospheric water is discharged into the internal system of open canals for receiving atmospheric waters of the entire Vinča
complex, which are directed to the lagoon (clean water) located in the landfill.
Waste process and atmospheric waters are treated and recirculated within the plant. The excess water is distributed to the lagoon
for the process water (outside the EfW construction parcel) and further to the leachate treatment plant.

YES, according
to
BAT
periodicevaluationoftechnical
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The fecal sewage network is connected to the internal sewage system of the Vinča complex and distributed to the waste water
treatment plant of the Vinča complex.

The facility is equipped with a Computerized Maintenance Management System (CMMS).
CMMS assists the maintenance team in scheduling maintenance schedules and recording all work, including prior maintenanceissues such as preventive maintenance findings, failure of routine tests, equipment history, and maintenance costs.
Routine maintenance will be performed through a system of “work orders” based on the priorities identified by the maintenance
Section 4.1.2
team.
3.
Technical Keep all equipment in a
CMMS will enable the execution of key maintenance actions such as preventative maintenance schedule, spare parts inventory,
conditions
generally tidy and clean
work order, repair record, work/purchase order details, and provide data reports. CMMS will reduce the likelihood of unplanned
condition
unavailability of the facility.
For simple cleaning and for capturing fugitive emissions in the main boiler building, a centralized cleaning system is provided
to clean all levels of the building.
The facility is designed to operate continuously with LTPs in the range of 6,000 kJ/kg to 12,000 kJ/kg and incineration of various
Section 4.1.3.1
4. Quality control oftypes of waste that corresponds to targeted municipal waste.
YES, according
Input constraints and key
incoming waste
It should be noted that these assumptions about the content of pollutants in gases are common for municipal solid waste.
to BATrisks
The waste is mixed in the hopper before dosing, so the content of the pollutants is fairly constant over time.
Section 4.1.3.2
Communication with waste
suppliers to improve quality
control of incoming waste:
4. Quality control of Waste
Municipal waste will be brought to the plant by waste collection trucks, vehicles will be controlled (weighing and radioactivity
transportation/collection
incoming waste
measurement) and monitored at the entrance and exit.
Maintenance of propercondition of collected
waste. Safe and supervisedtransportation.
A hopper equipped with an operator-operated hoist used for:- mixing to homogenize waste and calorific values;
Section 4.1.3.3- removal of non-combustible or prohibited waste (if any) and disposal to the side of the hopper;
4. Quality control of
On-sitewaste
quality- discharge of waste to the incineration line, i.e. into the feed funnel.
incoming waste
control
Although the crane is capable of automatic control, it will mostly be used by the crane operator for manual or semi-automatic
operation for better control.
Section 4.1.3.4
Wheel scales are located at the entrance to the site. The weighing measurements will be recorded on the weighing software.
4. Quality control ofInspection, sampling and Visual inspection in the hopper by the crane operator.
incoming waste
testing of incoming waste
There is radioactivity detection at the entrance to the site

YES, according
to BAT

YES, according
to BAT

YES, according
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Section 4.1.3.5
4. Quality control ofDetection of radioactive
incoming wastematerials
Section 4.1.4.1
Sealed surfaces, controlled
5. / 57. Waste storagedrainage
andweatherprotection
Section 4.1.4.2
6. Waste storage
Waste
storagetime
management
58. Waste storage

Section 4.1.4.3
Solid waste baling

7. Waste storage

Section 4.1.4.4
Minimizing odors,
fugitive emissions

8. Waste storage

A radioactive detection system will be installed at the entrance after the scales.

YES, according
to BAT

The waste is stored before treatment in a fully covered hopper
The hopper is constructed of reinforced waterproof concrete.

YES, according
to BAT

The hopper capacity is about 5 days of nominal operation (including storage)

YES, according
to BATNo baling is required to accommodate maximum deliveries or excess volume storage per day/during closure. If necessary,
N/A
shipments of waste are diverted to the site landfill.

Dust removal system will prevent or stop dust from the hopper. Includes an automated sprinkler and radiation control systemdust, operated from the control room.
Incineration air will be drawn through the corridor, creating a subpressure to prevent dust and odors from escaping.
Bulky items not suitable for the process are not shipped and are listed as prohibited waste.
A visual inspection in the hopper by the crane operator is carried out to detect potential prohibited waste. If prohibited material
Section 4.1.4.5
Separation of waste types is discovered, it is brought into the truck and sent to the landfill.
for safe treatment
When radioactive waste is detected, the truck is routed to a purposefully secured quarantine area where appropriate treatment iscarried out.
The waste is delivered with trucks with a proper identity declaration and checked at the entrance windshield gate.
There is no waste in the container.

YES, according
to BAT

YES, according
to BAT

9. Waste storage

Section 4.1.4.6
Labeling of waste contents

YES, according
to BAT

10. Waste storage

The facility has a fire detection and notification system that is required by law and the requirements of insurance companies.
A fire system consisting of a hydrant net, sprinklers and reels. The fire network has been designed, constructed and installed inaccordance with the applicable standards and guidelines of the competent authority.
The fire system consists of:- Fire hose system- Hydrant systems (supplied from the fire extinguisher tank, if necessary).
- Portable fire extinguishers which may be multi-purpose dry chemical type, foam type and CO2 type.
- Flame detectors will be provided above all equipment that can cause a fire (i.e. burner, oil tank, ...). These detectors will have
Section 4.1.4.7
direct action on safety measures such as stopping fuel/gas flow for burners.
YES, according
Fire detection and control- Automatic and manual alarm system for appropriate facilities
to BATsystem- Liaison with the fire brigade from the main alarm station through the Decentralized Alarm Monitoring System (DECAMS)
including a telephone line and all necessary equipment- Emergency communication system (two-way) for direct communication between the central control room and the plant area
- Stationary foam-water production system- Trailer mounted foam/water monitor, (rainwater only)- The entire fire system will be connected to the power supply. The fire system must be equipped with its own battery.
- The sprinkler system and the hydrant system must be supplied with a system of pumps connected to the power supply,- One fire-fighting water storage_______________________________________________________________________________________ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT STUDY

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_________________________________________________________________________________________- One water pump,- One back-up pump (diesel engine),- One jockey pump.
- Liaison with local state authorities for testing and commissioning of fire protection systems.
Section 4.1.5.1
Waste pre-treatment andmixing:
Initial operations - mixing
11. Pre-treatment ofin the waste hopper using a
incoming waste
gripper or other device,breaking, crushing, cutting
andsegregation(ifnecessary)
Section 4.1.5.2
11. Pre-treatment of
Grindingof
mixed
incoming wastemunicipal waste

The plant is equipped with two mobile cranes with mechanical grippers, which can capture waste from any point within thehopper.
During operation, only one crane is used for loading waste into the feed funnel and mixing the waste to ensure that the waste in YES, according
the feed funnel is of constant calorific value.
to BATThe crane and the gripper are designed to load waste into the feed funnel over a period of 12 hours. During the other 12 hours,
the crane and the gripper can be used to lift, move, stir, switch, stack waste in the hopper.

Since bulky waste is not allowed, shredding operation is not required.

Not applicable

There is no removal of recyclable metals before incineration as there is no shredded waste at the inlet. The slag is taken from theMartin grate to the discharge device (3 pcs), which is then transported to the pretreatment device, i.e. the vibrating grate and belt
conveyors.
The slag falls on the vibrating grate (1 per outlet) with a 300 mm opening to separate larger pieces. These pieces are loaded into
Section 4.1.5.5 / 4.6.4
a 2 m3 metal container that can be manipulated with a forklift truck.
Separation of ferrous and
The average slag fractions are further transported to the slag treatment plant using two closed lines of conveyor belts (1 service
non-ferrous metals before+1 back-up).
12. Extraction of heat treatment of waste, e.g.
YES, according
The recovery of ferrous metals will take place at the IBA valorisation stage (see section 52 and 53).
metalsusing an electromagnet
to BAT
Slag treatment includes the following steps:
before incineration and/or
The slag from the deslugger falls on the vibrating grate on which large pieces (> 300mm) are separated to start treatment or
during the IBA valorisation
bypass treatment.
process.
Hanging magnetic separators remove metal fractions before sorting the slag into two 0-40 mm and 40-300 mm fractions using arotary drum sieve. Separated metals are stored outdoors.
Metals are once again removed from the 0-40 mm fraction. The fraction> 40 mm is stored outdoors in a separate area and theseparated metals are stored in containers.
The crane operator controls the activity in the hopper and feeds the furnace 24 hours/7 days.
Section 4.1.6.1
The crane operator's workplace will be located in the central control room. The cabin must be fitted with a glazed cockpit to give
13. Operator at waste Operators for the visual operators a clear view of the hopper side of the outlet. The cabin window must be fully accessible for maintenance and cleaning YES, according
reception
monitoring of waste storage and protected from impact.
to BAT
facilities
In addition, the cameras are installed and well positioned for complete protection of the plant and traffic areas, including the area
where the waste feeds the furnace and hopper. The screens were set up in the control room for video surveillance.
Section 4.1.6.4
The waste will be discharged into the feed funnel using a crane with a gripper.
Minimize uncontrolled air The waste canal ensures good sealing between the combustion chamber and the waste hopper, thus preventing any air leakage.
14. Waste transfer
YES, according
intake into the combustion The waste canal also serves as a reservoir for waste to be filled up with the help of grippers. The capacity of the dosing funnel
and loading
to BAT
chamber via waste or other allows the funnel to be sufficiently filled during one filling cycle. The level of waste in the funnel is controlled by the cranepathways
operator at all times.

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The canal, which covers the entire width of the grid, consists of steel sheets reinforced with steel profiles.
Microwave detectors monitor the level of waste in the canal. When the level is below the minimum, an alarm signal is sent to thecontrol room and the cabin from which the crane is operated.
The shut-off valve, which covers the entire width of the feed canal, is installed below the funnel. This valve ensures that theincineration system starts and stops even when there is no waste in the canal.
THERMAL PROCESS

60.
Incineration Section 4.2.14
Gratetechnology

Martin's inclined grate, Vario
It is not necessary to cool Martin's inclined grate even when temperatures are very high. The back-and-forth motion of the moving YES, according
grids allows coverage of the entire surface of the grate with a layer of waste and/or slag. As a result of all this, the grids are to BAT
maximally protected against thermal radiation from the combustion chamber.

Section 4.2.2
The design of the following is supported by CFD studies:
Using flow modeling to- Air condenser;
15. Flow modelingprovideincineration- Flue gas distribution in the bag filter
information
or
FGT- Flue gas distribution in the first pass (for T2s measurement)
performance
Section 4.2.5
The grate is designed to operate in continuous mode. The maximum combustion capacity is 49.4 t/h for waste with LTP between
Continuous operation of the
6,000 kJ/kg and 7,500 kJ/kg, or 43.6 t/h when using waste with LTP of 8,500 kJ/kg.
installation
without
YES, according
16. Operating mode
The hopper volume provides a reserve of up to 4.5 days of waste disposal at maximum capacity.
frequent on and off
to BATThe delivery of waste to the complex is much more important than the maximum capacity of EFW. Delivery management between
operations is achieved bylandfill and EfW will lead to optimization of storage in the hopper to maintain the treated waste flow by EFW.
storing waste
All devices will be equipped with measuring devices and sensors for measuring parameters. The combustion chamber and boiler
will be equipped with measuring devices that enable control and maintenance of the required thermal treatment parameters.
The incineration control system includes a fuel regulator, which controls the discharge of waste onto the grate. It also includes an
O2 controller that determines/corrects the combustion flow. In addition, air flow, air distribution, and the grate speed arecontrolled.
Changes in flue gas temperature were recorded using an infrared pyrometer in the second round of the boiler. Changes in heatrelease from the furnace are identified quickly and reliably. This results in the control of steam flow in a very short time.
Section 4.2.6
Fluctuations in temperature in the furnace and boiler as well as fluctuations in steam flow have been reduced by the following
17.
Incineration
Maintaining
efficient measures:control system
combustion
There are three modes of control: "steam flow", "furnace temperature" or "steam temperature/IR pyrometer temperature". The
drive variables that are calculated using the incineration control system are transferred to the parent control system, where they
are further processed.
The additional controllers for which signals are received from the IR camera system generally influence the distribution of air
under fire, as a function of the position of the main incineration zone, the feed rate and the grate movement. IR cameras
significantly improve the quality of "steam"/"IR pyrometer temperature" control.
The plant is equipped with fuzzy control which is an interesting alternative to the classical control system. The main advantage
of fuzzy control is the ability to find the "best compromise".

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When residues are specifically combusted, the process provides partially contradictory or inaccurate information for the control
system. Fuzzy control processes such information and finds the best solution. Manual intervention is significantly reduced andcontrol is more stable overall.
The "If ... then" formulation of controlling behavior allows everyone to formulate every possible control case, which is notpossible to the same extent as with the classical control.
Control logic programming is less complex than classical control, but more complex logic ports can be implemented.
An infrared camera system that records the intensity of heat radiation distribution on the surface of a combustible material is used
to obtain additional information from the combustion process to achieve even better combustion results.
Section 4.2.7
The information provided by the infrared camera is processed in an image analysis program developed to meet the specifications
Techniques to consider for of Martin's inclined grate. The values are then calculated almost in real time for the combustion control system. The employee
combustion control, such as can also see the temporal and spatial distribution of the surface temperature of the fuel plant on a separate monitor in the control
17.
Incineration using infrared cameras and room.
YES, according
control systemothermethods,
e.g. In addition to the additional controllers, staff can also see the state of the waste power supply, what type of waste (quality, heat to BAT
ultrasonic measurements or value, large objects, landfill waste, ...) is currently being incinerated, etc. And can intervene if necessary (crane operator, manual
othermethods
for intervention control). Blurring of boiler walls and transient air jets can also be observed.
temperature control
The extent of fluctuation of combustion parameters can be further reduced by this expansion of the combustion control systemand the visual information available to operating personnel. Additional controllers influence the feeding behavior, scheduling of
movement and distribution of combustion air.
The incineration control system includes a fuel regulator, which controls the discharge of waste onto the grate. It also includes an
O2 controller that determines/corrects the combustion flow. In addition, air flow, air distribution, and the grate speed arecontrolled.
Air for combustion is divided in two parts:
The primary air is distributed by a specific fan into a separate space for the air zone located on the underside of the grate
Section 4.2.8(optimization and control Secondary air is also distributed by a special fan in the combustion chamber above the grate and across the surface (nozzles
18. Optimization and of delivered air)located in front and at the back of the furnace, in several stages)
control of combustion Section 4.2.9
This secondary air allows complete combustion and mixing of the gas.
YES, according
parameters in the (primary air intake system Air fans are designed for the proper combustion of waste fuels in the harshest operating conditions.
to BAT
incineration chamber. Section 4.2.11
The primary air setting allows a constant pressure of approximately 40 hPa in the primary air ducts. Therefore, thanks to the(secondary air injection primary air valve, it is possible to establish the required primary air flow in each box without affecting the remaining boxes. The
system)pressure drop between the primary air duct and the subwoofer serves as a measurement for the primary air flow circulating ineach box.
The aerodynamic strength of the grate of approximately 10 hPa is significantly higher than the resistance of the fuel layer coveringit(usually
about
1
to
3 hPa). So, even with improper distribution of waste, the air passes through the fuel layer on the grate evenly.
The combustion chamber will be approved in size and shape to provide:• Full combustion (with CO emissions) before the flue gas leaves the furnace.
Section 4.2.19• In addition, some of the total combustion air should be introduced as secondary air above the grate.
18. Optimization and
Optimization of time,
control of combustion• The performance of the combustion chamber should be such that the flue gas temperature can be maintained at over 850°C fortemperature, gas turbulence
parameters in theat least 2 seconds in the combustion diagram.
in the combustion zone andincineration chamber.
Combustion control is based on the following principles:oxygen concentration• set point = steam flow (maximum allowable variation +/- 5% for 95% of the time and at least 10% for 100% of the time),• control of grate power and movement,_______________________________________________________________________________________ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT STUDY

160

_________________________________________________________________________________________• combustion air control. Total air flow is calculated as a function of the set steam flow and combustion temperature. The divisionof the primary airflow (total and by zone) and the secondary airflow can be manually adjusted as a function of the waste LHV
according to the previous settings specified by the supplier; a small correction of secondary airflow will be made to ensure at any
time under normal operating conditions a minimum O2 content of 7.5% in wet flue gases after the boiler (6% in the case of fluegas recirculation)
18. Optimization and Section 4.2.4
control of combustion Turbulence
parameters in the secondary
incineration chamber. chamberinthe Secondary air nozzle positions were considered to ensure good distribution of secondary air in the combustion chamber: 3 nozzle
combustion levels are provided behind and in front of the combustion chamber.

The need to meet operating• The performance of the combustion chamber has been designed so that the flue gas temperature can be maintained at over 850°C
19.
Incineration conditions as set out infor at least 2 seconds in the combustion diagram.
conditions
Article 6 of Directive
The facility shall comply fully with the requirements of the European Directive 2010, and in particular Article 6 thereof.
2000/76
Primary air heater: Includes several stages: MP steam, LP steam, exhaust gas engine cooling, landfill gas engine cooling. The MP
and LP stages should be steam powered by the first two turbines.
Section 4.2.10
20. Preheating ofSecondary air heater: Includes several stages: MP steam, LP steam, landfill gas engine cooling. The MP and LP stages should be YES, according
Pre-heating using heat fromprimary incineration
steam powered by the first two turbines.
to BAT
installations
Energy (loss of energy) from the biogas plant enables the reduction of steam consumption for heating air.
Energy (lost energy) from biogas engine plant allows to reduce the consumption of steam (from turbine bleed) for air heating.
Section 4.2.20
The boiler has two (2) auxiliary burners, designed for:The
auxiliaryburner Raising the temperature in the combustion chamber before starting from a cold state and when the plant is shut down,
21. Use of automatic constantly maintains the Burning of waste fuel at start-up after shutdown,
YES, according
burners/auxiliary
required
process Burners comply with EU Directive (2000/76/EC) on waste gas emissions (IED)
to BATburners
temperature and supports This means that when the temperature drops below 850°C, the auxiliary burner automatically starts operation to allow thestarting
andstopping temperature to be maintained while the fuel is on the grate.
operation.
Each burner is equipped with a separate fan.

22. Protection and Section 4.2.22 & 4.3.12
insulationof Refractory
combustion chamber material/alternative
materialwalls

The boiler is vertical with natural circulation, a single drum and a suspended steel structure, with 4 vertical passages and evaporator
tubes, in the first three drafts, which form membrane walls:
Combustion chamber: irradiated combustion chamber, vertical passage
Second pass: vertical passage with evaporation packs
Third pass: vertical passage with evaporator pack and superheaters
Fourth passage: vertical passage with water heater packs
The passages are closed with lining (except the 4th passage). Membrane walls consist of pipes welded in length.
The first vertical passage is protected by an anti-corrosive welded lining - Inconel (in the zone of feeding waste onto the grate, atthe exit from the first passage and the ceiling of the boiler) and a wall to the central screen collector of the combustion chamber.

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Welded linings - Inconels applied on the first vertical passage starting at least 0.3 m below the refractory lining, up to and including
the ceiling and entrance of the second passage. In addition, at a height of 1m, a common wall between the first and second passages(on the other side of the passage) is covered by Inconel.
In order to optimize the efficiency that is particularly suitable for waste incineration and to prevent damage, erosion and corrosion,
the project is governed by the following main criteria:
Combustion chamber of appropriate width and proper height
Low flue gas velocity in the combustion chamber to reduce ash transmission
Long retention time
Refractory protection of welded combustion linings in the flame zone is designed to achieve good heat transfer without hightemperatures of hot faces
Low gas velocities and long staying times before entering the first convective surfaces
Large pipe spacing in convective banks
Convective superheaters for high flue gas temperature and stable vapor temperature
Easy access to inspect and maintain all pressurized parts
On-line cleaning systems based on water injection in the second pass, and cleaning devices-blowers on the other pass.
Two types of insulation were used:
Refractory wall: use of refractory bricks, silicone carbide (SiC) bricks, nitrite bound bricks, insulating or refractory concrete
Refractory tubes: Using patented SiC high refractory bricks
In order to avoid damage and corrosion, the plant will be designed typically according to the minimum requirement below:

Section 4.2.23
The combustion chamber is
23. Design of thedesigned to be large enoughcombustion chamber
to provide low gas speeds
and long gas retention times

Typical minimum conditions for arranging the surface for heat exchange
Boiler type
Membrane walls
maximum widthFirst passmaximum speed at MCR (maximum continuous
load)
Second and third passmaximum speed at MCR
First evaporator section
maximum inlet gas temperature at MCR (according
to corrosion protection diagram)maximum speed
minimum free space (longitudinal)
minimum free space (transverse)
Superheater
maximum inlet gas temperature at MCR
maximum inlet gas temperatures
maximum speed at MCR
minimum free space (longitudinal)
minimum free space (transverse)
minimum free space (transverse)
Evaporator
maximum speed at MCR
minimum Free space
Economizer
maximum outlet gas temperature at MCR
maximum speed

mmm/s

Vertical
30
4.5

m/s
°C

6.0
700

m/s
mm
mm
°C
°C
m/s
mm
mm
mm
m/s
mm
°C
m/s

4.5
80
150
630
650
4.5
80
150
120
4.5
60
200
5.5

YES, according
to BAT_______________________________________________________________________________________ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT STUDY

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minimum free space (longitudinal)
minimum free space (transverse)

mm
mm

50
60

The section applies to the24.
gasification or pyrolysis Not applicable.
Gasification/Pyrolysis
technique

N/A

ENERGY RECOVERYHeat obtained from flue gases using an integral water tube boiler. The type and quality of the boiler and associated equipment
are suitable for the municipal waste incineration plant and satisfy the steam requirements of the steam turbine as well as all otherrequirements of the plant.
The boiler is specially designed for municipal waste incineration and has well proven technology. The design is the outcome ofmany years of boiler supplier experience.
The boiler is vertical with natural circulation, a single drum and a suspended steel structure, with 4 vertical passages andSection 4.3.11 / 4.2.23 /evaporator tubes, in the first three drafts, which form membrane walls:
4.3.14
Combustion chamber: irradiated combustion chamber, vertical passage
The boiler design allows for
Second pass: vertical passage with evaporation packs
YES, according
25. Boiler design
a significant reduction in the
Third pass: vertical passage with evaporator pack and superheaters
to BATgas temperature before the
Fourth passage: vertical passage with water heater packs
convective beam for heat
External economizer: It is placed under the boiler
exchange
The passages are closed with lining (except the 4th passage). Membrane walls consist of pipes welded in length.
A final economizer (external economizer) is provided at the outlet of the steam boiler for the purpose of flue gas cooling to 140°C
before entering the dry reactor - dry reaction canal (LABloop). Injection of feed water is provided in order to regulate thecondensate temperature, which is introduced into this economizer, as well as a bay-pass system for regulating the flue gas outlet
temperature.
See answer in Part 23.
The total amount of steam generated by the heat recovery boiler is used in a common condenser turbine to generate electricity
and steam output for CHP.
Section 4.1.3.1
The steam turbine will be used in full condensation mode when no CHP is used.
26. Optimization of The incineration plant canHeat exchange with DH network will be done with 2 heat exchangers powered by 2 different turbines:
YES, according
efficient use and release energy from waste- Exchanger 1 is powered by controlled steam app. 1.5 bar
to BAT
energy recovery
and can supply electricity,- Exchanger 2 is powered by an uncontrolled steam of app. 5 bar
steam and hot waterThis configuration allows for greater energy recovery than with a single delivery exchanger at 102°C, and brings flexibility todeliver at lower temperatures, if required by the City.

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Energy loss reduction measures:
Section 4.3.2 / 4.3.5
Retention in the boiler
26. Optimization of Energy Loss Reduction The drive unit is located in the building
efficient use and Measures: Reduction of flue Effective boiler cleaning systemenergy recovery
gas losses and other Also, at the steam boiler outlet, a final economizer (external economizer) is provided to cool the combustion gas to 140°C before
measuresentering the dry reactor. Flue gas heat is used to increase the condensate temperature. This reduces the steam flow from thecondensate heating turbine.
Table 3.46
26. Optimization of
Boiler thermal conversion
YES, according
efficient use andBoiler efficiency is higher than 80% during MCR Load in accordance with EN 12952-15.
efficiency of at least 80% for
to BAT
energy recovery
mixed municipal waste
Section 4.1.3.1
27.
Heat/steam Longtermheat/steam The plant will be connected to the district heating system - Konjarnik heating plant.
requirements
supply contract for large The total amount of heat exported is projected to reach 630,000 GJ/year.
heat/steam users

YES, according
to BAT

Location of the plant
maximized
tosupply Heat and electricity will supply the Konjarnik thermal power plant and the electricity power grid.
of electricity
heat/steam, The plant is located near the landfill. Landfill biogas is used in biogas plant for electricity generation. Flue gas heat and engine
process steam to industries cooling are used to pre-heat the air from the EFW combustion.
or cooling system
Section 4.3.8
Steam
parameters
to The steam cycle is optimized at 60 bar/400°C to achieve maximum power output.
29. Optimization of
YES, according
increaseelectricity Combustion protection of high-temperature corrosion boilers is achieved by a combination of refractory lining and Inconel lining
steam parameters
to BAT
production(see section 22).
Boiler material protection
Section 4.3.7
The total amount of steam generated by the heat recovery boiler is used in a common condenser turbine to generate electricity
The turbine is suitable for:and steam for CHP. The steam turbine will be used in full condensation mode when there is no use in CHP.
30. Choice of turbine - Supply of electricity and
The third subtraction for district heating is with a fixed pressure.
heat
The turbine is designed to accept the total steam flow produced in the boiler plant in all the intended ambient conditions.
- High electrical efficiency
28. / 61. / 62.
Location
installations

31.
pressure

Condenser

Section 4.3.9
Condenser
reductionpressure

Exhaust steam from the turbine will condense on an air-cooled condenser. The vacuum will be 100 mbar for the ambient
temperature of 20°C.

Near the BEP, there will be a thermal energy loop that will allow the recovery of additional energy from the BEP engine, which
32.
/
63. Section 4.3.6
will be used to heat the primary air in the EfW facility, thereby increasing overall energy efficiency.
Comprehensive
Techniques and measures to Variable speed drive is provided for:minimumenergy reduce energy requirements - ID fan- Water pumps for supplying
demandin the process- ACC engines,_______________________________________________________________________________________ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT STUDY164

_________________________________________________________________________________________A condenser/flue gas heat exchanger is installed at the boiler outlet to reduce the flue gas temperature at the inlet of the FGT.
This system allows to reduce the consumption of condensate heating steam.

33. Cooling system

34. Cleaning
boilerSection 4.3.10
Choiceofsteam An air-cooled condenser is provided. The air-cooled condenser is designed to condense the total amount of exhaust vapor
condensation technology

The systems for cleaning the heating surfaces are based on the water blowers of soot in the second passage and the steam blowersof soot in the other vertical passages.
Satisfactory cleanliness of the convective heat transfer surfaces is insured by a combination soot blowing devices and online
water sprays as follows:
Second vertical passage:
Section 4.3.19
Continuous cleaning with water nozzles of the second vertical canal allows cleaning of the boiler walls, the ceiling of thethe Cleaning of boiler pipe andirradiated chamber and the evaporator panels. To this end, water will be sprayed with special nozzles directed at the heatingother surfaces for heatsurfaces.
exchange
Third vertical passage:
Cleaning of the third gas tract will be carried out by retractable blowers (at the inlet of the evaporator panel and preheater P3, by
the batch-retractable blowers (for P3 and P2) and rotary blowers (for P1).
Fourth vertical passage:
Cleaning of the fourth gas tract is done by rotary blowers of soot (for the economizer).
FLUE GAS PURIFICATION

35. FGT System

Table 5.2
Air emissions

Flue gas emissions must meet all the limit values requirements laid down in EU Directive 2010/75/EC on Industrial Emissions(IED).
In order to reach the limit values set by the EU directive, SNCR with liquid urea injection and CNIM/LAB "SECOLAB" dryprocess was selected.
The emission of nitric oxides is controlled by the Selective Non-Catalytic Reduction (SNCR) - DeNOx system. The system
uses liquid urea solution injection into the combustion chamber
The flue gas treatment plant includes the following elements:
The reactor for mixing the sorbent with the flue gas before entering the bag filters for dusting,
Bag filter with P84/PTFE bags,
Flue gas fan, gas ducts and noise damper;
Freestanding double wall stack for the removal and discharge of purified flue gases into the atmosphere.
In the CNIM SECOLABTM dry process, the injection of hydrated lime as a reagent into the flue gas is used. The reagent is
injected with a pneumatic conveying system and then intensely mixed with the recirculated residues from the bag filter.
Activated carbon is also added to the flue gas to reduce volatile heavy metals and dioxins/furans.
The gases flow through the reaction canal and the bag filter and are then discharged through the flue gas fan into the stack_______________________________________________________________________________________ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT STUDY165

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36. FGT system

Section 4.4.1.1 / 4.4.1.3
Factors for FGT choice

Requirements giving rise to the FGT type:- Regardless of the incineration technology used, the main plants will be equipped with an FGT system to reduce theconcentration of pollutants from flue gases emitted into the atmosphere in accordance with the requirements of applicablelaw, Directive 2010/75/EU and the contractor's guaranteed level of purification.
- Semi-dry, conditionally dry and/or dry systems are accepted based on proven supplier experience. If wet systems are applied,a system without wastewater generation must be designed. No wastewater should be generated during the FGT.
- A bag filter unit with at least four sections is required.

36. FGT system

Section 4.4.1.2
Impacton
consumption

For example, FGT does not require heat for the DeNOx system. The optimized temperature in the dry process with hydrated
lime is about 140°C. Energy from the flue gas to reduce the temperature at the boiler outlet to 140°C is used to heat thecondensate.

36. FGT system

Section 4.4.1.4
Additionaloverallsystemcompatibility
whenretrofitting
existing installations

This section does not apply in this project: construction of a new plant.
The FGT plant may accept SCR DENOx in the future, subject to several modifications.

37. FGT system

Table 5.3
Selection of criteria for
FGT

As stated in section 36, the scrubber is not accepted unless the wastewater is discharged.
Hydrated lime dry process was selected because of:- Low water consumption- Easy reagent delivery- Simple unit.
The recirculation of residues from the bag filter further reduces the consumption of reagents as it contains more unreacted
lime. To best use this, a portion of the bag filter residue is recycled back to the reaction canal.

38. Controllingthe increase inelectricity
consumption
during the FGT
process

Section 4.4.2.2 / 4.4.2.3
Additionalgas
purification system andapplication of double
bag filters

The dry process enables compliance with EU Directive 2010/75/EC on industrial emissions (IED).
There is no need for a system for additional gas purification due to the constant content of pollutants at the FGT inlet, due tothe good mixing of the waste prior to incineration.
There is no need for double filtration as there is no separate treatment for ash and air pollution residues (APCR).

39.
Use
of
reagents in FGT

Section 4.4.3.7 / 4.4.3.9
Adjustingandcontrolling the amountofreagents
injected/optimizing thereagent dosing rate andrecirculating
FGT
residues.

The control of lime flow is influenced by the concentrations of acidic pollutants (HCl and SO 2 ) and flue gas flow.
The amount of activated carbon is affected by the flow of flue gases; the injection rate is constant, but the operator can adjustit.
The recirculation of residues from the bag filter further reduces the consumption of reagents as it contains more unreacted
lime. To best use this, a portion of the bag filter residue is recycled back to the reaction canal.

energyNotapplicable

YES,
according to
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_________________________________________________________________________________________The injection of combustion air into several stages allows for the reduction of NOx formation and excess air in waste
incineration systems. When combined with the SNCR system, this results in drastically reduced NOx and ammonia emissions.
The technology is based on an incineration process in which secondary air is injected through several (sampled) air levels.
Secondary air inlet nozzles and nozzles are stacked in rows opposite each other to ensure that the furnace is fully interspersed,
thereby achieving thorough flue gas mixing and efficient secondary combustion.
Position combustion, among other things, encourages the chemical reactions required to convert NOx emitted during theincineration of waste on the grate to nitrogen.
This process produces favorable combustion results such as reduced excess O2 levels, reduced NOx emission levels, reduced
NH3 consumption, increased boiler efficiency, reduced boiler size and downstream flue gas cleaning components.
Nitrogen oxide emissions are controlled by the selective non-catalytic reduction (SNCR) system DeNOx. The system uses
injection of urea solution into the combustion chamber.
Primary Technique for Preventing PCDD / F:
- Waste mixing owing to the capacity of hoppers and cranes.
- Combustion control with the phase combustion system (see paragraph 40 above)- Design of the boiler to avoid application and heating in the specific temperature range of 450 to 200 °C- Efficient boiler cleaning system (soot blowing system)
There is no re-formation of PDCC / F in FGT due to an operating temperature of app. 150 °C
Adsorption of PCDD / F is done by injecting activated carbon at the inlet of the bag filter.

40.
NOx
reduction system

Section 4.4.4.1 / 4.4.4.2
Selective
Catalytic
Reduction(SCR)/Selective NonCatalytic
Reduction(SNCR)

41.
PCDD/Femissions

Section 4.4.5.1 / 4.4.5.2/ 4.4.5.3 / 4.4.5.4 /
4.4.5.6 / 4.4.5.7

42. PCDD / Femission

PCDD / F assessment
using a scrubber

No scrubbers are used. The FGT process is based on a dry system.

Not
applicable

43. Residues from
a
waste
gas
treatment system

Re-incineration
treatment residues

Re-incineration of treatment residues is not applicable at the plant. The residues are stored in appropriate silos until thestabilization process.

Not
applicable

44.
Mercury
emission

Section 4.4.6.1 / 4.4.6.2/ 4.4.6.5 / 4.4.6.6 /4.4.6.7
Mercury
emissioncontrol by using wet
scrubbers

No scrubbers are used. The flue gases are cleaned with a dry system.

Not
applicable

45.
Mercury
emission

Section 4.4.6.2
Control of mercury
emissions using semiwet or dry systems: useof activated carbon for
mercury adsorption

For adsorption of volatile heavy metals (i.e. mercury Hg) and organic components (i.e. PCDD / F), powdered activated carbon(PAC) is injected into the flue gas along with lime.
Activated carbon is injected into the bag filter. The injection is controlled by the flue gas flow. The injection rate is constantand the operator can adjust it.

of

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46. Wastewaterreuse

47. Atmosphericwater
management

48. Atmosphericwater
management

Section 4.5.6 / 4.5.8
Site recirculation and reuse of wastewater:
boilerwater
use/wastewater
recirculation into theprocess.
Section 4.5.9
Separate system fordrainage, purification
anddischargeofrainwater,
prevents
mixingwithcontaminatedwastewater streams
Section 4.5.4 / 4.5.10 /4.5.11 / 4.5.12 / 4.5.13
Wastewater
management resulting
from wet waste gas
treatment

Flue gas treatment is a dry system without wastewater discharge
Process water from the incineration plant is reused in the process (incineration and APCR solidification), and the projectedmass balance of process water shows that water needs are greater than the water production in the process
Boiler emptying water and blower condensate are reused for the quenching process on the bottom ash.
The leachate from the slag treatment plant is also reused for the slag extinguishing process.

YES,
according to
BATThe pure atmospheric water from the roofs is collected in a dedicated pit before being sent to the pit for atmospheric waterfrom the landfill. Clean water from the traffic surfaces is collected and sent to the atmospheric water pit from the landfill.
Contaminated atmospheric water (for example from the surface of the APCR solidification plant) is collected and sent to awastewater treatment plant. From the wastewater pit, water is again used to quench the ash, to stabilize FGT residues, andthe excess (during periods of heavy rainfall) is treated at the water treatment plant prior to discharge from the site.

YES,
according to
BAT

No wet flue gas treatment is used.

Not
applicable

WASTE MANAGEMENT - SOLID RESIDUES FROM THE PROCESSThe thermal process design, described in section 18, guarantees ash with a maximum TOC of 3%.
Section 4.6.1
Elements that allow the content of TOC <3% in ash to be:
Using thermal process Air-cooled moving grate process
49. Ash and TOC techniques and rules to Well distributed primary and secondary air (see section 18)
YES, accordingvalue
obtain total organic carbon Speed control of the plant at rated thermal capacity
to BAT
content of ash below 3% The thermal radiation intensity distribution on the surface of the fuel plant (grate) is controlled by the infrared camera system(typically 1-2%)(MICC) to achieve even better combustion results.
Mixing waste before incineration (high waste storage capacity, about 50% of crane operation time is used to mix waste)
Section 4.6.2
Separatefly
ash Fly ash collected from the boiler and economizer, as well as residues of flue gas treatment, are directed to the treatment of flue
50. Ash segregation
management from fly ash gases and ash silos from the boiler.
from flue gas treatment
and other FGT residues to The slag is transported to the emptying device - a deslugger that transports the slag to the pretreatment device, that is, vibrating
residues
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Section 4.6.3 / 4.4.2.1
51. Separation of dust AssessmentoftheThe plant project does not foresee a dusting phase.
removal phase from composition of fly ash
There is no dusting process because fly ash and residues are treated in the same system: APCR solidification.
flue gas treatment
when the dusting phase iscompleted
Section 4.6.4
Use of separation to
Ferrous metal will be extracted from IBA using magnetic separators at the slag treatment plant.
52.
Extractionof recover (if economically
YES, according
Following the assessment, it has been shown that the separation of non-ferrous metals is not economically viable given their
metals from IBA
and practically feasible)
to BATamount within the residual municipal waste.
ferrous and non-ferrous
metals (Section 4.6.4)
The transport mechanism coming from the EfW plant is constantly passing through the IBA treatment plant.
Slag treatment includes the following steps:
Section 4.6.6 / 4.6.7• The slag from the deslugger falls on the vibrating grate on which large pieces (> 300mm) are separated to start treatment or
dry methods with orbypass treatment.
without
additional• Hanging magnetic separators remove metal fractions before sorting the slag into two 0-40 mm and 40-300 mm fractions using YES, according
53. Slag treatment
components
includinga rotary drum sieve. Separated metals are stored outdoors.
to BAT
storage outdoors or in a
• Metals are once again removed from the 0-40 mm fraction. The fraction> 40 mm is stored outdoors in a separate area and thesuitable facility for several
separated metals are stored in containers.
weeks;• Slag and metals are loaded using an excavator.
The residues from the IBA treatment plant are collected and reused (slag quenching, APCR solidification plant)
Residues from the air pollution control system are automatically transported to dedicated storage silos prior to stabilization
54.
Methods
for Section 4.6.11
treatment.
handling residues from FGT treatment to meet the The process involves mixing residues with slag and/or cement with leachate (and/or recycled water) in regular industrial
YES, according
FGT
relevant criteria of the equipment to solidify and form dense and solid blocks with reduced total volume
to BAT
residues from flue gas waste management option The process of stabilization binds salts and heavy metals through a physical-chemical reaction. The stabilized product will comply
treatment
selected
with applicable waste disposal regulations before being sent to a dedicated landfill cell for site residues, separate from municipal
waste.
NOISE EMISSION REDUCTION

Section 4.7 / 3.6
55. Noise Reduction
Noise protection
Measuresmeasures

The noise generated by the system will not exceed the allowed values during the day and at night.
Wherever necessary to meet the guaranteed noise levels, the plant will be equipped with sound attenuators.
YES, according
and The main sources of noise, i.e. waste unloading, waste hopper with loading and unloading equipment, boiler, turbine will be
to BAT
installed indoors.
Cooling fans will be located outside buildings; however, it will not cause excessive noise emission to the environment.

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_________________________________________________________________________________________The QHSE (Quality, Health, Safety, Environment) team, led by the QHSE Manager, will implement, monitor, and control quality
and environmental management systems based on:
Section 4.3.8
Quality management system, usually in accordance with the latest version of ISO 9001;
The
environmental
Environmental management system generally in accordance with the latest version of ISO 14001;
management
systemOccupational safety and health management systems (OHS) usually in compliance with the latest version of OHSAS 18001.
includes the organizational
The team will be responsible for:56.
Environmental structure, responsibilities,
YES, according
Monitoring objectives and key performance indicators, in line with quality management and environmental management systems;
Management System practices, processes andto BAT
Raising employee awareness of environmental and safety risks;
resourcestodevelop,
Informing employees of the achieved goals;
implement,
maintain,Monitoring compliance with environmental and safety guidelines through periodic QHSE rounds;
reviewandmonitor
Coordination of environmental monitoring in the field and relevant sample analysis regimes;
environmental policies.
Implementation and monitoring of corrective measures
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4.0. OVERVIEW OF MAIN ALTERNATIVES CONSIDERED BY
THE PROJECT LEADER
The project was initiated to provide a variety of waste management alternatives in Belgrade. Allconsidered alternative solutions are presented in detail in the E&S Scoping Study report and in theProcess of Competitive Dialogue with Bidders. This chapter presents a summary of the alternatives
discussed earlier and explains the reasons for excluding them in the updated concept.
Tender documentation for the first round of Competitive Dialogue offered two potential locations
for the EfW plant:-

Vinča location, which would offer space for new landfills, EfW and BEP plant and
Location of Cerak, where an EfW plant could be built alternatively.

Three possible Concepts of the Design were considered, each with the aim of treating 100% of
municipal waste from the territory of Belgrade, taking into account the above two locations:• Option 1:- Construction of a plant for mechanical-biological treatment at the Vinča site, where fuelfrom waste would be produced;- Transport of waste prepared for incineration to the Cerak site, near the residential area;- Construction of a new combined heat and power plant (CHP) at the Cerak site, near the
existing heating plant that would use waste for its operation;- Transport of combustion residues at the Vinča site where new landfills would be built.
• Option 2:- Transport of untreated residues from the Vinča site mixed with municipal waste impurities
to the Cerak site;- Transport of combustion residues to the Vinča site where new landfills would be built.
• Option 3:- Incineration of unprepared municipal waste at the site in Vinča, at the EfW plant that would
be built there;- Disposal of combustion residues at the new landfill that would be built at the Vinča site.
In addition to each of these options, the contractor was allowed to integrate equipment for the
disposal of recyclable or organic materials (sorting, composting, digestion) to further reduce theamount of municipal waste that would be finally treated at treatment facilities within the said
options.
In addition, treatment, recycling, storage and disposal of construction waste is a component of eachof these options.

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The following project parts were considered:• Part 1: Management of the existing landfill by PUC "Gradska čistoća" Belgrade:- Operation of the existing Vinča landfill in the transitional period of the project of 3 years(2016 - end of 2018).
• Part 2: Measures from the project implemented by the contractor:- Remediation and closure of the existing Vinča landfill, including landfill gas treatment
plant, energy generation and leachate treatment plant• Part 3: Construction of a new landfill at the Vinča site, comprising:- Temporary landfill- Landfill for combustion treatment residues, including a facility for the maturation orsolidification of these residues- Construction waste recycling plant and inert waste landfill• Part 4: Construction Phase and Routine Phase for the above three options of the considered
Concept of the Design and, Option 3, as preliminary the most favorable concept.
The key impacts and risks of the three alternative solutions of the Design and the "no project"situations on the physical, biological and environmental impacts during the construction andoperational phases of the project were assessed. The basis for comparison lies in the ability of theoption under study to avoid and minimize the impact on the environmental and social
characteristics of the projected facilities at project sites. Comparison of options showed that:- Options 1 and 2 have similar disadvantages,- Option 3 has the most advantages,- The "no project" option has the most disadvantages.
The Cerak location is disadvantageous due to the many disadvantages considered by Options 1 and2. The location is close to (about 120 m) residential areas which:- makes potential noise, odors and imissions significant,- causes a more visible visual impact of the plant,- entails a greater risk of public complaint.
Additionally, Option 1 requires significantly more transportation effort between the Cerak site andthe Vinča site than other options.
Option 3 shows the most advantages over the other two options. This is mainly due to the fact that:• the facilities are located relatively far from the volatile/residential facilities, in an area
where visual effects are minimal,• the facilities will be located in the immediate vicinity of the existing waste disposal site.

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_________________________________________________________________________________________The Leachate Treatment Plant (LTP) as a biological treatment of water was considered as apossible alternative during the development of the project. This solution was not accepted forseveral reasons:• the required layout (bases) of the necessary infrastructure was not compatible with theavailable space on the site (especially given the limited space below the supporting structure)• the commissioning period required to put the biological treatment into operation is much
longer• this anticipated type of process would require more experienced professionals for the processmonitoring and more intensive operation monitoring• fluctuation of certain parameters in the quality of the leachate would require modifications
and adjustments to the design during the working period• the equipment could not be so easily put out of operation once the production of treated water
has declined significantly (as expected after the supply of leachate from the existing landfill istreated)The "no project" option is unsustainable in the current state. The Vinča site currently has a typicalunsanitary landfill that has been forming over more than 20 years in the area. The consequence ofthe operation of this landfill is the pollution of the water of the Ošljanski stream and Ošljanska
pond, the pollution of the surrounding agricultural land, groundwater and air. The landfill is not
equipped with technical control systems. No lower impermeable layer (natural or artificial) wasused which resulted in uncontrolled migration of leachate to the underground. There is nocollection and treatment of leachate, so leachate is discharged to the nearest surface recipient. No
sewer system was built at the site.
Currently, septic tank is also disposed of at the landfill. Landfill gas accumulation is not technicallycontrolled and utilized, leading to its complete migration and release into the air. The presence ofmany birds, rodents, waste-feeding insects is evident, as is their role in the potential transmissionof infectious diseases beyond the boundaries of the complex. The landfill is partially fenced, butdoes not have an adequate and complete vegetation barrier. Waste dispersion and dispersion ofparticles into the air are also not controlled. Adequate supply of fire protection water is notavailable.

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As part of the Competitive Dialogue process, bidders evaluated different project options. The
results of the dialogue are as follows:
Dialogue result
EffectNone of the bidders
Options 1 and 2 are no longer the subject of interest due to theselected the Cerak site as proximity of the residential area and the potential impacts of thepart of the projectplanned project on the closest environment.
Pre-treatment andPrior primary separation of all recyclable components from waste
production of recyclable
is done prior to disposal of municipal waste into containers. In the
products were not offurther development of the project, the option based on directinterest to most bidders
incineration of waste, Option 3, should be considered.
An estimate of finances
Option 3 will be modified. This means reducing the plannedand costs resulted in thecapacity of the EfW plant to around 65% to build a new landfill
City's decision to reducefor untreated waste.
the project
Source: „Environmental and Social Scoping Study for the Belgrade EfW Project in Serbia,
Amendment to the E&S Scoping Report” Fichtner, April 2017)
In short, the project opted for the location of the existing landfill in Vinča with the concept of direct
incineration of municipal waste and landfill gas with the utilization of heat and electricity, as wellas the construction of a new landfill for untreated waste, landfill for inert waste, landfill for EfW
residues and rehabilitation, remediation of the body of the existing landfill and its final closure,with the application of modern technological solutions and equipment, the legislation of the
Republic of Serbia, EU directives and guidelines of BAT reference documents.

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5.0. OVERVIEW OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL STATUS OF THE
LOCATION AND THE SURROUNDING AREA
5.1. POPULATION
Around the site of the Vinča landfill there are Belgrade settlements Veliko selo in the north, Slanciand Mirijevo in the northwest, Kaluđerica in the west and Vinča in the south. The closest settled
households in individual settlements are at a distance of about 1700 m. The landfill complex is notdirectly visible from the aforementioned settlements and the nearest inhabited households. To theeast is the Danube River.
In addition to the existing landfill (in the north) there is an informal Roma settlement consisting ofbarracks with no basic infrastructure (water supply, sewerage). The settlement is populated byfamilies who collect, classify and sell secondary raw materials from the landfill to companies thathave contracts with PUC "Gradska čistoća".
Due to the implementation of the project, residents of this informal settlement will be physically
resettled to free up space for the construction of newly designed facilities at the Vinča landfill
complex.
The City of Belgrade is aware of the importance of physical and economic relocation, as well as
the consequences that are likely to result from the implementation of the project.
By Decision of the Mayor of the City of Belgrade No. 020-3678/16-G-01, of 26 June 2016; asamended by the Decision of the Mayor of the City of Belgrade, No. 020-6553/17-G of 18 October
2017; a Working Group was formed to design and monitor the implementation of the Action Planfor the Resettlement of Roma Families living in informal settlements at the Vinča landfill sand on
the land planned for the construction of public utility infrastructure. The Working Group drafted
the said Action Plan in November 2017.
Based on the Action Plan, it is the obligation of the City of Belgrade (in accordance with the Public
Private Partnership Agreement) to resettle Roma families in order to free up space for theconstruction of planned facilities. It is the obligation of the City of Belgrade to hand over to the
public-private partner a site freed from all persons and things for the purpose of bringing the site(land) to the intended purpose determined by the planning acts. The aim of the Action Plan is to
reduce the adverse effects of the project and to restore and improve the standard of living of thepeople to be resettled.

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_________________________________________________________________________________________The Action Plan stated:- That members of the working group from the Secretariat for Social Welfare, the Secretariat
for Environmental Protection and the Center for Social Work repeatedly went to the field andvisited the site of the Vinča landfill. On 03.12.2014 15 (fifteen) families were listed, while on
16.01.2015 14 (fourteen) families were listed at the site of the Vinča landfill;- On 08.06.2016, the third listing was conducted on the site of the informal settlement at thesite and a survey was conducted on the socio-economic status of households living in the informal
settlement at the said location by an expert team comprising representatives of the Secretariat forSocial Welfare and the Center for Social Work.
- The City Center for Social Work (Department of Planning and Development) conducted
an analysis of the social status of families at the site and verified that they were on the records ofthe city Center for Social Work and prepared the Report filed under No. 551-879/7 of 1 August
2016;
As part of the latest survey (8 June 2016), there were 17 families (85 people) whose members were
present in their homes between 2014 and 8 June 2016. Of the total number of respondents, a totalof 41 were registered: 41 men, 44 women, 38 minors (under 18), 47 adults and 6 (six) persons
without documentation on the basis of which their age would be determined.
Families generally have two, three, and four members, accounting for 70% of the total number offamilies. Three families have more than four members.
All households claim to have permanent residence in the settlement. Out of the total number of
respondents, 9 (nine) persons were listed as "head of household-family" have their last registeredplace of residence in the City of Belgrade, while 9 (nine) have no registered place of residence in
the City of Belgrade.
Of the 17 (eighteen) families enumerated in the last listing: 13 (thirteen) families were found in thesettlement during all three censuses, 3 (three) families were found in two censuses, 2 (two) families
were found only in the last census.
In the meantime, two persons left their households and formed 2 (two) separate households inseparate barracks.
The length of residence of families in the settlement is shown in the table.
LENGTH OF RESIDENCE IN THE SETTLEMENT
Number of
Up to 3 years
10-20 years
20-30 years
Over 30 years
years ofresidence
No. of4
5
6
3
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Families were asked to estimate the monthly income of each family member. In addition, they were asked
to indicate the primary and secondary sources of income and the amounts generated from these sources.
Individual amounts were summed and taken as an estimate of the entire family's income on a monthly
basis.
Information on the amount of income is given in the table.
INCOME AMOUNT, in dinars
Incomeup to 10,000
10,000 Over 15,000
It has not been
15,000statedNumber of
543
6families
The main sources of family income are: contract with landfill - 25 (twenty-five) tenants, the right tofinancial social assistance in Belgrade is exercised by 5 (five) tenants, while the right to social assistancein the municipality of Šabac is exercised by 4 (four) tenants.
All families live in illegally built barracks without electricity and water. After checking the property status
and income on a different basis, it was determined that 2 (two) tenants are indebted with the property taxof the taxpayer. Thirty-one (31) persons have incomplete elementary education, 6 (six) persons havecompleted primary education, 2 (two) persons have completed secondary education, 1 (one) has
completed post-secondary education, and 3 (three) are illiterate. Five (5) tenants are still going to school.
The Working Group noted that a total of 9 families (with a total of 37 persons - household members)
having the last reported claim on the territory of the City of Belgrade are entitled to resettlement withappropriate housing support in accordance with the Action Plan and the provisions of the Law on Housing
and the Maintenance of Residential Buildings.
In addition to the right to resettlement with the appropriate housing support defined in the Action Plan,
all families covered by the project will be entitled to the following forms of assistance whose
implementation will be the responsibility of the City of Belgrade, or the competent City Administration
bodies of the City of Belgrade:- Assistance in obtaining personal documents- Help when enrolling children in school- Assistance in exercising the right to health care
- Assistance in employment and re-establishing sources of income- Assistance in exercising the right to social assistance
The Action Plan states that there are currently seven companies present at the landfill, under contracts
with PUC "Gradska čistoća". These companies employ collectors from informal settlements, (on average
10-15 per company), who extract recyclable waste from the imported municipal waste in order to reduce
the amount of waste to be deposited and to increase recycling rates.
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PUC "Gradska čistoća" undertakes not to increase the number of companies operating in thelandfill, as well as the number of employees in the existing ones, and to terminate contracts withthe said existing companies 6 months before taking over the landfill operations by the said private
partner, and in cooperation with the City, to adopt a plan for monitoring and restoring the living
conditions of the employees of these companies.
The Secretariat for the Environment commits itself to informing PUC “Gradska čistoća” of the
adoption of the Action Plan as well as of the obligations set out in the Action Plan.
Following the adoption of the Action Plan, the City of Belgrade, through the competent secretariats,
will continue to regularly inform and consult the families involved in the project about thefollowing activities:- Plan for the placement of families in apartments;- Individual discussions with property owners and agreement on activities that will be
undertaken to assist them;- Presentation and signing of contracts;- Consultative meetings with local communities in which families move;- Date of commencement of the resettlement and planned transportation of families and theirbelongings (families will be notified of the exact date of resettlement at least one week before that
date).
In the period from 15 June 2018 to 25 June 2018, representatives of the Secretariat for Social Workand PUC "Gradska čistoća" held meetings with companies for the collection of secondary raw
materials and informed them of a possible interruption of the collection of raw materials by 2019.
These companies informed their employees of the date of the meeting. PUC "Gradska čistoća"
introduced employees with whom it has contracts for the collection of secondary raw materials.
Subsequent discussions with the public private partner and review of the implementation plan for
the various components of the project identified that these activities could continue for two more
years. This was presented to recycling companies at a meeting held on 13 July 2018.
Neither company owns the facility at the Vinča landfill, so they use hangars belonging to PUC"Gradska čistoća". Two companies have mobile equipment for baling collected waste at thelandfill, and one company has a special waste collection vehicle. The Secretariat confirmed thatthe companies have the right to transport the equipment to another location, but the companies
refuse this option. The companies said they had no plans for further work after the landfill closed
and that their revenue would be jeopardized. One of the larger companies at the meeting, estimatedthat its workload would be reduced by app. 20%. The Action Plan states that PUC "Gradskačistoća" undertakes not to increase the number of companies operating in the landfill, as well as
the number of employees in the existing ones, and to terminate contracts with the said existing
companies 6 months before taking over the landfill operations by the said private partner, and incooperation with the City, to adopt a plan for monitoring and restoring the living conditions of theemployees of these companies.
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_________________________________________________________________________________________As stated in the study above, the City of Belgrade is responsible for the resettlement of Romafamilies in order to free up space for the construction of planned facilities, as well as for providing
information and assistance to affected households. The City Assembly formally adopted theResettlement Action Plan (RAP), which commits the City to meet all legal requirements, as wellas the International Financial Institutions (IFIs) that will participate in the financing of the Project.
According to the latest information obtained by the City, the resettlement status is as follows:
All families that meet the requirements of the Law on Housing and Building Maintenance andadequate housing support was provided and are housed in already constructed apartments of theCity of Belgrade in accordance with the Plan of Resettlement of households living in the informal
settlement at the landfill site as well as re-establishing the sources of income of the collectors of
secondary raw materials at the Vinča landfill.
The City of Belgrade provided assistance to individuals who do not have IDs to obtain them.
Persons over the age of 16 have been assisted in obtaining ID cards. Parents were helped to obtainbirth certificates for children under 16 years of age.
Prior to the resettlement itself, all children under the age of 14 were enrolled in a preparatory preschool program and primary school, in accordance with compulsory pre-school and primaryeducation defined by positive RS regulations. Class attendance is monitored on a regular basis incollaboration with school principals, teachers and the Secretariat for Education.
After the resettlement, all the medical records of the persons covered by the project weretransferred to the health centers in the new locations. Those who do not have medical records arehelped to apply for and obtain medical records at health centers.
Families are employed by the Vinča landfill as collectors, paying housing costs out of their own
income. Prior to the resettlement, families were informed of the costs of using the apartments, i.e.
households were told that they would have an obligation to pay the rent (if they did not go to theirapartment, i.e. house) and utility costs, but also that the City would use subsidies to help themcover these costs, and that the City would also help them with drafting personal documents,
enrolling children in school, health care, social protection and finding a job.
The City of Belgrade, the City of Šabac and the Municipality of Vladimirci will assist the persons
involved in the project to re-establish and improve their sources of income through the following
measures:• offering seasonal jobs;• job offers in urban utility companies;• offering jobs through public works programs;• offering jobs in collaboration with the NES (development and implementation of individual
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opportunities available, employment mediation, entrepreneurship incentive and development
services, special programs for individuals who are at risk; harder-to-employ groups);• offering employment and self-employment assistance within available programs andprojects of NGOs and other organizations (e.g. EU IPA 2016 EU Support Program for Roma
Inclusion - Empowering Local Communities for Roma Inclusion, funded by the European Unionand implemented by the Permanent Conference of Cities and Municipalities, in cooperation withlocal governments across Serbia);• offering adult education and craft training courses;• offering jobs during the construction phase of the project, at the Vinča landfill and later
during the operational phase of the new landfill;
by offering collection and sorting jobs for secondary raw materials at other locations where PUC
Gradska čistoća operates (e.g. at locations of future recycling centers).
Since the families were resettled from the informal settlement to the Vinča landfill in September
2018, the Working Group has been monitoring the implementation of the Resettlement Plan for atleast two years after resettlement in collaboration with all other organizational units involved in
the implementation of the Resettlement Plan.

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5.2. AIR
Monitoring of air quality in the local network in the territory of Belgrade is determined by the
Program of air quality control in the territory of Belgrade, number 501-164/16-S ("Official Gazetteof the City of Belgrade", no. 14/16).
The program is in compliance with the Regulation on monitoring conditions and air quality
requirements ("Official Gazette of RS", no. 11/10, 75/10, 63/13) and thus prescribes the following:
selection of measuring stations and measuring sites, pollutants to be monitored, sampling methods
and methods for determining pollutants, as well as air quality assessment criteria.
The program covers continuous fixed measurements (level of pollutants originating fromstationary sources of air pollution in populated areas and level of pollutants originating fromstationary sources of air pollution in industrial areas) and indicative measurements (level ofpollutants originating from mobile sources of air pollution).
Sampling and measurement of pollutants is carried out 24 hours throughout the year. Data fromautomatic measuring stations ("real time" measurements) are averaged to 1 hour, and from semiautomatic to 24 hours.
Concentrations of pollutants are expressed as mean hourly and/or mean daily values, except for
carbon monoxide and ground-level ozone, which are expressed as mean eight-hour and maximum
eight-hour values. The values obtained are expressed in micrograms per cubic meter, except for
carbon monoxide, which is expressed in milligrams per cubic meter.
The air quality assessment was performed according to the criteria prescribed in the Regulation on
monitoring conditions and air quality requirements.
Below are the data from measurement points in the local air quality control network during 2017
(Source: Belgrade Environmental Quality for 2017, City Administration, Secretariat forEnvironmental Protection, 2018).
The following graphs show the mean values of daily 24-hour measurements of pollutants in the
period 01.01.2017 - 31.12.2017, the lowest and highest mean 24-hour values, the number ofmeasurements with exceeding the limit, tolerance value and maximum allowable value (for soot)for 24 hours, as well as the number of measurements with exceeding the limit and tolerance perhour (with automatic measuring stations) at 18 measuring points/stations for continuous fixed
measurements of pollutant levels originating from stationary sources of air pollution in populatedareas.

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Graph 1 The lowest and highest mean 24-hour value for soot for 2017

Graph 2 Number of measurements with MDV exceedance for 24 hours for soot in 2017

Graph 3 The lowest and highest mean 24-hour values for sulfur dioxide(semi-automatic methods) in 2017.
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Graph 4 The lowest and highest mean 24-hour values for nitrogen dioxide(semi-automatic methods) in 2017

Graph 5 Number of measurements with MDV exceedance for 24 hours for nitrogen dioxide(semi-automatic methods) in 2017

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Graph 7 The highest mean 24-hour value for nitrogen dioxide(automatic methods) in 2017

Graph 8 Number of measurements with MDV exceedance for 24 hours for nitrogen dioxide(automatic methods) in 2017

Graph 9 Number of measurements with limit and tolerance values exceeded for 1 hour for
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Graph 10 The lowest and highest mean 24-hour values for suspended particles(daily measurements) in 2017

Graph 11 Number of measurements with limit and tolerance values exceeded for 24 hours
for suspended particles (daily measurements) in 2017
The analysis of the results of continuous fixed measurements of pollutant levels originating fromstationary sources of air pollution in inhabited areas within the State and Local Networks in 2017concluded that PM10 suspended particles and nitrogen dioxide are predominantly present as
dominant air pollutants in Belgrade.
During 2017, no increase in radioactivity in the atmosphere was detected in the city of Belgrade.
In monthly samples of air and precipitation, low concentrations of radionuclides produced (137Cs i
90Sr), whose presence is a consequence of the Chernobyl accident.
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_________________________________________________________________________________________In addition, a natural radionuclide was detected 7Be, whose concentrations in the air ranged from
0.5 mBq/m3 up to 9.1 mBq/m3, while in precipitation this interval was 2 Bq/ m2 up to 79 Bq/m2.
All measured values are characteristic of Serbia. During the summer, slightly higher values weredetected, which was expected due to the highly seasonal character of this radionuclide.
In the precipitation samples, an isotope 40K was also present, also of natural origin and the values
in which its specific activity was moving did not exceed 40 Bq/m2, which corresponds to its normal
values.
Additional monitoring of air quality during the great fire period in June 2017. (SEPA)
During June 2017, the Vinča landfill was caught by fire. Emerging smoke spread to surroundingparts of the city. During the fire, as well as several days after the extinguishing, the City Instituteof Public Health in Belgrade, which regularly monitors 24 measuring stations within the local
monitoring network, continuously monitored the concentration of pollutants in the air in Belgrade,with particular emphasis on the situation regarding fire at the Vinča landfill. Particular attention
was paid to Lešće, Višnjička Banja, Višnjica, Rospa Ćuprija, Karaburma, Krnjača, Kotež, Borča,
Mirijevo, parts of Zvezdara in Belgrade, as well as other parts of the city that may have been
affected, even if they are located at a considerable distance from the landfill , because, due tometeorological conditions during the night and during the early morning hours, pollutants do not
spread very far. Together with the Secretariat for Environmental Protection of the City ofBelgrade, 4 additional measuring stations were set up to monitor the situation in more detail.
Additional measuring stations measured between 8 June 2017 and 29 June 2017.
These measuring stations were selected to best demonstrate the impact of the Vinča landfill on air
quality:
1. 35 Darinke Jevrić, Višnjička spa with the following parameters: suspended particles (PM 10 )with analysis of heavy metals, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and ions, benzene and its
derivatives, phenolic substances, formaldehyde, acrolein, ammonia;
2. 15 Nova 109. ulica, with the following parameters: total suspended particles with analysisof heavy metals, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and ions, benzene and its derivatives, phenolic
substances, formaldehyde, acrolein, ammonia;
3. Environmental Agency, 27a Ruže Jovanović Street with the following parameters: totalsuspended particles with analysis of heavy metals, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and ions,benzene and its derivatives, phenolic substances, formaldehyde, acrolein, ammonia;
4. Vinča Pumping Station, PUC Belgrade Water Supply and Sewerage with the following
parameters: suspended PM particles 10 with analysis of heavy metals, polycyclic aromatichydrocarbons and ions, benzene and its derivatives, phenolic substances, formaldehyde, acrolein,ammonia. In addition, a mobile ecotoxicological unit of the City Institute of Public Health inBelgrade visited the site and performed measurements of pollutants.
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Figure 51 New measuring points for monitoring air quality during the fire (Source: SEPA)
According to the results of the City Institute of Public Health, the results obtained from the networkof measuring stations of regular continuous monitoring of air quality in the period from 8 June2017 to 29 June 2017, did not show exceedance of the limit values of the basic pollutants (carbon
monoxide, oxides of nitrogen, sulfur, dioxide, suspended particles (PM 10 ), ground-level ozone),which are covered by program measurement of air pollution in Belgrade.
Results with four additional measuring stations, which measured parameters not covered by regularmonitoring (PM 10 , phenolic substances, ammonia), show that the measured values did not exceed
the limit values and maximum allowable concentrations established by the Regulation on
monitoring conditions and air quality requirements ("Official Gazette of RS" no. 11/2010, 75/2010
and 63/2013).
The measured concentrations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons did not deviate from the values
characteristic of the urban environment, except on days 11 June 2017, 12 June 2017 and 13 June
2017, when a concentration variation was observed depending on the compound. Some compounds
tended to decline while some tended to grow. According to the findings of the City Institute for
Public Health, oscillations in the concentrations of certain compounds from the group of polycyclicaromatic hydrocarbons are due to the presence of smoke from the fire at the Vinča landfill.
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Although the concentrations found were not at levels that could have serious health effects,
recommendations were made to vulnerable groups of people (chronic cardiovascular andrespiratory diseases, the elderly, children, pregnant women) in terms of reducing outdoor exposure(exposure to smoke) and exposure to odor.
Concentrations of heavy metals (arsenic As, cadmium Cd, nickel Ni, lead Pb) in suspended PM
particles 10 were at a level characteristic of the urban environment. As ammonia and phenolic
substances were not detected in the previous monitoring period, these parameters were not includedin the monitoring program that began on 12 June 2017.
Results of the zero condition test
For the purpose of determining the zero condition of the quality of the environmental parameters,
air quality monitoring was carried out in the wider area of the Vinča landfill complex before thestart of works on the planned facilities.
The monitoring program combines continuous monitoring and passive monitoring carried out overthe same period. The first monitoring period (January) was representative of winter conditions and,generally speaking, represented a statistically unfavorable period of high concentrations for mostpollutants. Sampling and measurement was performed by the City Institute for Public Health inBelgrade, in accordance with standard methods and accreditation, in the period January-February
2018.
Continuous monitoring was performed over 28 days and included the following parameters:- determination of mass concentration of sulfur dioxide (automatic method);- determination of the mass concentration of nitrogen dioxide and nitrogen monoxide(automatic method);- determination of carbon monoxide mass concentration (automatic method);- PM 10 particle concentration determination;- determination of the concentration of heavy metals in PM 10 particles;- determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in PM 10 particles;- determination of the mass concentration of ammonia, hydrogen sulfide, hydrochloride,hydrogen fluoride and volatile aromatic hydrocarbons (BTEX).

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Figure 52 Spatial layout of measurement points for “zero” air quality monitoring
The analysis of the results of the measurements revealed that the concentrations of sulfur dioxide,
nitrogen dioxide, nitrogen monoxide and carbon monoxide, with an average time period of 1 and
24 h, during the period of air quality testing at a measuring point set near the administrativebuilding within the existing landfill complex in Vinča (A1), did not exceed the tolerance limits
defined in the Regulation on monitoring conditions and air quality requirements ("Official Gazetteof RS", Nos. 11/2010, 75/2010 and 63/2013).
Analysis of the measurement results revealed that the concentration of PM 10 articles and heavy
metals in it, with a 24-hour aggregate period, exceeded the limit value 9 times during the period of
air quality testing at the given location.
No exceedance of the limit value prescribed for lead has been observed. The concentration of heavy
metals As, Cd and Ni is prescribed by the annual target value, so it is not possible to comment on
the results obtained from 28 days of air quality testing, it is only necessary to note that this mean value
during the monitoring period was not higher than the annual standard for air quality.
Benzo (a) pyrene is defined under the Regulation as representing a group of polycyclic aromatichydrocarbons of compounds in PM 10 particles through the target value on an annual basis and it
is not possible to comment on the results obtained on the basis of 28 days of air quality testing.
Analysis of the results of the measurements showed that the concentrations of ammonia, hydrogensulfide, hydrogen chloride and hydrogen fluoride, with an aggregation period of 24 hours, were
below the quantification limit of the methods used, i.e. there was no exceeding of the maximum
allowable concentration of these parameters during the air quality test period.
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Regarding the concentration of volatile aromatic hydrocarbons (BTEX), with a 24-hour
aggregation period, benzene is recognized by the Regulation as representative of the analyzed
compounds through the annual limit value, therefore it is not possible to comment on the results
obtained based on a 28-day air quality test period . On the other hand, the results show that themass concentrations of toluene did not exceed the maximum permissible value for a period of 7
days.
Sampling by passive samplers was done for a period of 15 days between 31 January and 15
February 2018. Passive samplers were placed within 3 km around the location of the landfill(measuring points A2 – A6). Air pollutants measured were: PM 10 , HF, NO 2 , SO 2 , HCl, Hg, BTEX
and heavy metals. Average concentrations were calculated over a period of 15 days.
Content of PM 10 , NO 2 , SO 2 , Pb and benzene are given in the Regulation as a daily and annual
target value, therefore it is not possible to properly comment on the results obtained on the basisof the above air quality monitoring, but it should be noted that:- Levels of NO 2 , SO 2 and Pb are much lower than daily AQS- Benzene concentrations are below the annual AQS, except for the Air 6 measuring point
where this value is exceeded- PM 10 concentrations are below the daily and annual AQS except for the Air 3 measuring
spot.
Continuous measurement over 7 days in the month of April 2018 was performed at three locations(A2, A4 and A6) to determine:- Mass concentration of nitrogen dioxide and nitrogen monoxide- Mass concentration of suspended PM 10 particles.
The three locations where PM 10 concentrations and nitrogen oxides were monitored are:
- Slanci Monastery (A7);- 79 Vinčanska Str (A8);- 27a Ruže Jovanovic Str (A9).
The analysis of the measurement results showed that the concentrations of nitrogen oxides with a
one-hour aggregation period during the period of air quality testing at the locations concerned did
not exceed the limit or tolerance values defined in the Regulation on monitoring conditions and air
quality requirements ("Official Gazette of RS", No. 11/2010, 75/2010 and 63/2013). It was also
found that the concentrations of PM 10 particles at defined measuring points do not exceed thevalues defined by the Regulation.

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5.3. WATER
Quality of surface water on the territory of Belgrade, for more than 40 years, has beensystematically controlled by the Belgrade City Institute for Public Health in cooperation with theSecretariat for Environmental Protection. In 2017, monitoring included 24 watercourses from 28
control sites (Source: Environmental Quality in Belgrade for 2017, City Administration,
Secretariat for Environmental Protection, 2018).
The purpose of the monitoring is: assessment of the water quality of the watercourses in relation
to the relevant regulations, monitoring of the trend of water pollution, assessment of suitability forwater supply of Belgrade, Obrenovac, Barič and Vinča, assessment of sanitary status ofwatercourses and possibilities of health safe recreation of citizens, suitability for fishing, irrigationof agricultural land, monitoring sedimentation of inorganic and organic micro-pollutants in thesediment and bioaccumulation in the hydrobionts, assessment of self-purification capacity,
saprobic status and progress of the eutrophication process, provision of data for the design ofwastewater treatment facilities, as well as verification of the effectiveness of measures taken topreserve water quality and possible additional remediation measures, protection and promotion.
Monotoring controls the following freshwater ecosystem media: water, sediment and hydrobionts.
The following is determined in the water: general and basic physicochemical, microbiological andbiological parameters and elements for classification of ecological potential and assessment ofsuitability for bathing, as well as priority, priority hazardous and other pollutants.
The following is determined in the sediment: general parameters, heavy and toxic metals, andorganic micropollutants, while in hydrobionts (shells and fish) biocumulation of organic andinorganic micropollutants is monitored.
Water quality of the Danube
The Danube is a large lowland river with a predominance of fine sediment and according to theRulebook on parameters of ecological and chemical status of surface waters and parameters ofchemical and quantitative status of groundwater (Official Gazette of RS, 74/2011) it belongs totype 1 water courses.
Of the 33 samples analyzed in 2017, not a single sample of Danube water corresponded to ClassII surface water quality.
The exceedances of the norms for the prescribed class are due to the increased values of certain
microbiological and physicochemical parameters in 11 (33.3%) samples, while in 22 (66.7%)
samples the deviation was recorded only due to certain microbiological parameters.
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_________________________________________________________________________________________Of the chemical and physicochemical parameters that support ecological status, constantly within
the limits of Class II were: pH value, electrical conductivity, five days biological oxygen
consumption (BOD 5 ), COD permanganate method, COD bichromate method, total mineralizationand concentrations: TOC, orthophosphate, sulfate, chloride, nitrate, nitrite and total dissolved
phosphorus.
The oxygen regime is more balanced than last year, with fewer deviations from Class II. The
exceedances of the limit values are not large, they are all in the Class III of river waters, so they
do not endanger the aquatic fauna present.
Tests of the so-called "nitrogen triad" (NH 4 , NO 2 and NO 3 ) show that the loading of the Danube
with protein substances is relatively small. Both stages of the mineralization of nitrogenous
substances are successfully carried out, which is understandable given the high flow and abundanceof oxygen.
The nutrient content (P and N) is relatively low but sufficient to ensure the growth of algae andmacrophytes especially in slow-moving parts. The presence of mineral oils was not detected in anyof the samples tested. The content of detergents (ABS) and phenol was constantly below thedetection threshold for the analytical method used. The situation is practically similar to several
previous years.
Of the standard inorganic and organic micropollutants, the methods below were constantly below
the detection limits: Cd, Hg, Cr, and PAH, while the presence of different pesticides, As, Zn, Pb,
Ni, was sporadically detected in the samples tested.
For many years, the microbiological pollution of the Danube in the area of Belgrade, including
Serbia, is larger and more significant than the chemical one, because the sanitary wastewater ofNovi Sad, Belgrade and other Danubian cities is discharged into the recipient without any
treatment. This is best seen through the abundance of fecal pollution indicator bacteria. Sanitarymicrobiological tests show that no sample was within the boundaries of Class II river waters. The
number of total coliforms deviated from class II in 22 (66.7%) samples, the number of fecal
coliforms deviated from the prescribed class in 28 (80%) samples, while the intestinal enterococcus
numbers were increased in 11 (33.3%) samples .
Studies of the macroinvertebrate, phytoplankton and phytobenthos communities, as well as thecalculated indices, show that the ecological status of the Danube River in both tested sites is poor.
According to the Regulation on Limit Values of Pollutants (“Official Gazette of RS, No. 50/2012)
in sediment samples from both sites, none of the tested parameters exceeded the remediation value,
which is very favorable. At the site near Batajnica it was found that the concentrations of Cd, Zn,
Cu, phenanthrene, fluoranthene, benzo (a) anthracene, benzo (k) fluoranthene and benzo (a) pyrene
were above the target values, while the Ni concentration was above the maximum permissible
value .
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_________________________________________________________________________________________At the Vinča site, it was found that the concentrations of Zn, Cu, Hg, phenanthrene, fluoranthene,
benzo (a) anthracene, benzo (k) fluoranthene, benzo (a) pyrene and total hydrocarbons were above
the target values and that the nickel concentration was above the maximum allowed.
The insecticide, herbicide, and polychlorinated biphenyl compounds were not registered in the
Danube sediment.
The concentrations of Hg and As found in the muscle tissue of the tested fish samples were lower
than the reference values. The presence of organic pollutants was not detected in the samples tested.
Examination of the muscle tissue sample of the shell revealed the presence of Pb, Cd, Hg and As,
and the concentrations obtained were lower than the reference values. The presence of organic
pollutants was not detected in the samples tested.
Comparative results of the Danube water quality, by groups of parameters, on the territory ofBelgrade in the last thirteen years, are presented in the following table, but we emphasize that thecontrol parameters and norms have also been changed, so the comparison is not valid:
Table 20 Danube water quality in the period 2004 - 2017 (Source: Belgrade Environmental
Quality for 2017, City Administration, Secretariat for Environmental Protection, 2018)

Year

2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2015
2016
2017

Nr. ofthesamples
taken
68
68
68
68
68
68
40
40
30
30
4
16
33

In Class IIof river waters
Nr. ofsamples

%

27
13
11
20
27
12
10
18
2
3
0
1 6,
0

39.7
19.2
16.2
29.4
39.7
17.6
25.0
45.0
6.7
10.0
0
6.25
0

Outside Class II due to changed parameters
microbe andonly phys-hem. microbiol. only
phys-hem
Nr. ofNr. ofNr. of%sample%sample%samples
s
s
10
14.7
5
7.4
26
38.2
26
38.2
9
13.2
20
29.4
23
33.8
9
13.2
25
36.8
17
25.0
8
11.8
23
33.8
8
11.8
15
22.1
18
26.4
14
20.6
10
14.7
32
47.1
13
32.5
6
15.0
11
27.5
5
12.5
4
10.0
13
32.5
13
43.3
0
0
15
50.0
10
33.3
3
10.0
14
46.7
1
25.0
0
0
3
75.0
15
93.75
0
0
0
0
11
33.33
0
0
22
66.7

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Groundwater quality in Belgrade in 2017
Systematic control of spring water characteristics from public faucets monitors groundwater
quality in Belgrade. The program is implemented with the aim of monitoring the environmental
status indicators, groundwater quality from sources that can be used as alternative sources of watersupply, bearing in mind the preventive role in the protection of public health.
In 2017, the Spring Water Hygiene Control Program covered 30 public fountains/faucets on the
territory of the city, with testing of 15 public fountains conducted twice a month throughout theyear, and with 15 facilities in suburban settlements, once a month in the period from April until
September (Source: Environmental Quality in Belgrade for 2017, City Administration, Secretariat
for Environmental Protection, 2018).

Nr. ofsamples

Facility name

Physically andchemicallyunsafeBacteriologicallyunsafe1. Hajdučka česma fountain
2. Miljakovac spring
3. St. Petka Kalemegdan-after filter.
4. St. Petka Mon. Rakovica - after filter.
5. Sakinac Avala spring
6. Topčider česma fountain - right
7. Topčider česma fountain - left
8. Kakanjska česma fountain
9. Pašina česma fountain II - Zvezdara

24
24
24
22
24
24
24
24
24

2
0
4
19
23
22
23
0
24

8.3
0.0
16.7
86.4
95.8
91.7
95.8
0.0
100.0

Numb
er
8
13
6
0
5
4
5
21
23

10. Milošev konak public fountain

22

0

0.0

10

45.5

11. Bele vode pblic fountain
12. Zmajevac spring
13. Višnjica public fountain
14. Točkić Barajevo spring
15. Public fountain Grabovac Institute ofHygiene16. Višnjička Spa
17. Boleč public fountain
18. Mokroluška public fountain
19. Memorial fountain - Letićeva
20. Big fountain Beli potok
21. Rajnovac Monastery
22. Točak Zuce spring

24
24
24
24

0
0
1
0

0.0
0
4.2
0.0

22
24
23
16

91.7
100.0
95.8
66.7

24

10

41.7

12

50.0

6
5
6
6
2
6
6

5
0
6
6
2
0
6

83.3
0.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
100.0

5
4
3
6
1
4
6

83.3
80.0
50.0
100.0
50.0
66.7
100.0

Number

%

%
33.3
54.2
25.0
0.0
20.8
16.7
20.8
87.5
95.8

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23. Jajinci public fountain
24. Radmilovac public fountain25. Čelamino Brdo public fountain
26. Hunter fountain Beli Potok
27. Public fountain at Ica Umčari
28. Spring Kamenac - Beli Potok
29. Zorina česma fountain - Grocka
30. Public fountain Pandurice
TOTAL

6
3
6
6
6
6
6
6
438

0
0
0
0
4
3
6
2
168

0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
66.7
50.0
100.0
33.3
38.4%

3
2
0.0
5
5
5
40
6
252

50.0
66.7
0.0
83.3
83.3
83.3
66.7
100.0
57.5%

Based on the results of a laboratory test of the quality of water from public fountains in Belgradein 2017, it was concluded that the largest number of tested spring water samples did not meet thecriteria stipulated in the Rulebook on the hygienic safety of drinking water, which is dominated by
microbiological unsafety.
The most common reason for the hygienic unsafety of groundwater from public fountains isbacteriological contamination, which, in addition to the increased total number of coliform
bacteria, is also caused by fecal bacteria (E.coli, fecal coliforms and Streptococcus group "D").
The presence of fecal bacteria in groundwater from public fountains indicates poor sanitary andhygienic condition of the facilities and environment and presents a significant hygienicepidemiological risk for users.
The physico-chemical quality of water is relatively satisfactory in most public fountains, with the
exception of the Sakinac spring, Topčider fountains, Mokroluška fountain, Big fountain in Beli
Potok, Točak spring in Zuce, public fountain Višnjička Spa, Pašina česma fountain II, public
fountain Jajinci, public fountain "at Ica" Kamenac spring, memorial fountain.
Letićeva and Zora's fountains where the most common cause of unsafety is an increase in thenitrate, chloride content and an increase in electrical conductivity.
The purification filter, installed at St. Petka spring in Kalemegdan, gives satisfactory results
regarding the conditioning of water that was unsafe for drinking in previous years (before filtering)
due to the presence of increased concentration of certain chemical parameters (chlorides, nitrates,
arsenic).
The purification filter installed at the St. Petka spring in the Rakovica Monastery gives acceptable
results in terms of groundwater conditioning, which is predominantly unsafe for drinking prior tofiltration due to the presence of increased concentrations of certain chemical parameters(chromium). However, due to the unregulated level of free residual chlorine in water, a large
percentage of chemical unsafety has been registered after chlorination.
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_________________________________________________________________________________________The biological quality of groundwater is unsatisfactory in some public fountains, where the finding
indicates the possible penetration of surface water into the catchments, as well as the existence oforganic sludge, which is an excellent basis for the growth and development of micro and macroorganisms, which can significantly affect quality, i.e. hygienic safety of drinking water.
The reasons for the often present hygienic unsafety of groundwater from public fountains should
be sought in the negative anthropogenic impact on environmental substrates in the urban area,
especially in the fact that no regular infrastructural maintenance of facilities (damage repair,cleaning and disinfection of captures) is carried out, as well as an adequate arrangement of theenvironment.
Results of the zero condition test
Physico-chemical analyses of surface waters
For the purpose of environmental impact assessment studies for the construction of a new landfill
and EfW plant, and in order to determine the current (zero) status of surface water quality at a widelocation prior to the commencement of construction works on the rehabilitation of the existing
landfill, the construction of a new landfill and EfW plant, sampling and analysis of water samples
were performed from a total of 7 locations during March and June 2018: 1st and 2nd Ošljanski
stream, 3th Ošljanska pond (small), 4th Ošljanska pond (large), 5th Leachate from the landfill, 6th
Danube River (downstream) and 7th Danube River (upstream).

Figure 53 Surface water sampling site in March and June 2018_______________________________________________________________________________________ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT STUDY

196

_________________________________________________________________________________________

Sampling and analysis of samples was carried out by the accredited Anahem Laboratory in
Belgrade in accordance with standard methods presented in the official report of the laboratory.
The analysis of the samples and interpretation of the results were carried out in accordance with
the Regulation on limit values of pollutants in surface and groundwater and sediment and deadlines
for their attainment ("Official Gazette of RS", no. 50/2012), Rulebook on Determination of Water
Bodies of Surface and Groundwater (“Official Gazette of RS”, No. 96/10) and Regulation on limit
values of priority and priority hazardous substances that pollute surface waters and the deadlines
for achieving them ("Official Gazette of RS", no. 24/2014).
Since, except for the Danube, these are watercourses not covered by the Rulebook on theidentification of surface water bodies and groundwater bodies, ecological status class boundaries
for Type VI surface watercourses (watercourses not covered by the Rulebook on the identificationof surface water bodies and groundwater bodies ("Official Gazette of RS", No. 96/10)) were used
for the interpretation of results.
The table shows the results obtained and the following colors were used to interpret the waterclasses according to each parameter:
GV
CLASS IGV
CLASS IIGV
CLASS IIIGV
CLASS IVGV
CLASS V_______________________________________________________________________________________ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT STUDY

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_________________________________________________________________________________________

Table 21 Results of surface water testing in the landfill area, March and June 2018
Parameter

Color
Odor
Water
temperature
Air temperature
Visible floating
matter
Turbidity
Electricalconductivity at
20 °C
Dissolved
oxygen O2
pH
Evaporation
residue (at 105°C)
Chemical
Oxygen Demand(COD)
Consumption of
KMnO4
Biochemical
OxygenConsumption(BOD5)AOX
Total nitrogen
Total Organic
Nitrogen by
Kjeldahl
Ammonia (mg/l
NH4-N)
Nitrates NO₃⁻

Unit ofMeasure

SW1

SW2

SW3

(1803281601)(1803281602)(1803281603)

Sample tags (code) and sampling period
SW3
SW4
SW 4
(1806191303)(1803281604)

SW5

SW 6

SW 7

(1806191304)(1803281605)(1806191301)(1806191302)

March

March

March

March

March

June

March

June

June

descriptive
descriptive

black
unpleasant

black
unpleasant

black
unpleasantpale yellow
present

brown/black
unpleasantpale yellow
present

black
unpleasantpale yellow
present

pale yellow
none

°C

15.4

15.4

15.5

29.0

15.3

29.0

13.7

29.0

29.0

°C

16.2

16.2

16.0

27.4

15.8

28.1

14.1

25.3

24.6

descriptive

present

present

present

present

present

none

present

none

none

NTU

29

29

25

0.56

3.5

1.1

30

20

27

μS/cm

21150

16940

18610

389

443

406

6054

442

439

mg/l

5.3

5.2

7.1

6.4

10.1

6.5

3.9

6.8

6.7

/

8.4

8.4

8.3

7.5

7.8

7.5

7.8

7.8

7.7

mg/l

388

376

8948

264

286

221

3516

237

250

mg/l

4855

4951

5794

10

23

20

1110

24

20

mgO2/l

1063

724

1105

5.3

4.36

5.6

177

5.8

5.1

mg/l

400

450

600

4.0

10.0

5.0

190

6.0

5.0

mg/l
mgN/l

2.3
1041

1.6
1027

2.1
1033

< 10
1.1

< 0.01
4.3

< 10
0.9

0.13
214

< 10
1.4

< 10
1.6

mgN/l

580

605

654

0.69

1.6

0.44

123

0.33

0.35

mg/l

449

416

373

< 0.051.2< 0.0589< 0.05< 0.05

mgN/l

12

5.7

6.3

0.43

1.5

0.52

2.3

1.1

1.3

_______________________________________________________________________________________ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT STUDY

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_________________________________________________________________________________________

Nitrites NO₂⁻
Total
INORGANIC
nitrogen
Chlorides ClSulphates SO₄⁻²
Fluorides
Sulphides
Sodium Na
Potassium K
Magnesium Mg
Calcium Ca
Iron Fe
Manganese Mn
Bor B
Total organiccarbon (TOC)
Copper Cu
Total chromium
Cr
Chromium Cr VI
Lead Pb
Zinc Zn
Cadmium Cd
Arsenic As
Mercury Hg
Orthophosphates
CyanidesPhenolic index
Mineral oils C10C40

mgN/l< 0.03< 0.03< 0.03< 0.03< 0.03< 0.03< 0.03< 0.03< 0.03

mgN/l

461

422

379

0.43

2.7

0.52

91

1.1

1.3

mg/l
mg/l
mg/l
mg/l
mg/l
mg/l
mg/l
mg/l
mg/l
mg/l
mg/l

2854
443
< 0.05
19
907
616
84
105
19
0.73
5.5

2080
193
< 0.05
16
742
(542)
84
62
16
0.58
4.5

2316
187
< 0.05
18
693
523.
58
74
17
0.70
5.3

19
28
< 0.05
<0.5
7.2
4.6
8.8
35
<0.3
< 0.05< 0.1

22
21< 0.05
<0.5
12
2.6
7.9
39
0.67
< 0.010.11

28
27< 0.05
<0.5
7.9
4.7
9-6
40
<0.3
< 0.05
< 0.1

936
194
< 0.035
14
308
196
56
84
8.3
0,97
1.9*

25
24
< 0.05
<0.5
7.3
2.9
9
35
<0.3
< 0.05< 0.1

24
25< 0.05<0.5
65
2.8(man) 9-1-1.
34<0.3< 0.05
< 0.1

mg/l

2702

2936

2961

9.7

17.7

10.1

915

6.2

7.8

mg/l

350

0.080

300

< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01

mg/l

0.82

0.70

0.80

< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01

mg/l
mg/l
mg/l
mg/l
mg/l
mg/l
mg/l
mg/l
mg/l

< 0.05<0.02
0.30<0.0050.10<0.00126< 0.01104< 0.05<0.02
0.38<0.0050.068<0.00121< 0.010.088< 0.05<0.02
0.28<0.0050,077<0.00124< 0.01
1:12< 0.01< 0.01< 0.05<0.0005<0.001<0.001< 0.010.004< 0.01< 0.05<0.02< 0.05<0.005<0.001<0.0010.46< 0.01022< 0.01< 0.01< 0.05<0.0005<0.001<0.001< 0.01010< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.05<0.0005<0.001<0.001< 0.01<0.001< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.05<0.0005<0.001<0.001< 0.01<0.001< 0.01

mg/l

12

17

15

< 0.1

1.1

< 0.1

< 0.01

< 0.1

< 0.1

Benzene, µg/l
Toluene, µg/l
Ethylbenzene, µg/l
Xylene, µg/l
Styrene, µg/l
Organochlorine pesticides
Alachlor, μg/l
Aldrin, μg/l

µg/l
µg/l
µg/l
µg/l
µg/l

<1.0
<1.0
<2.0
<0.5
<2.0

<1.0
<1.0
<2.0
<0.5
<2.0

<1.0
<1.0
<2.0
<0.5
<2.0

<1.0
<1.0
<2.0
<0.5
<2.0

<1.0
<1.0
<2.0
<0.5
<2.0

<1.0
<1.0
<2.0
<0.5
<2.0

<1.0
<1.0
<2.0
<0.5
<2.0

<1.0
<1.0
<2.0
<0.5
<2.0

<1.0
<1.0
<2.0
<0.5
<2.0

µg/l
µg/l

<1.0
< 0.03<1.0< 0.03<1.0< 0.03<1.0< 0.03<1.0< 0.03<1.0< 0.03<1.0< 0.03<1.0< 0.03<1.0< 0.03

BTEX_______________________________________________________________________________________ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT STUDY

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_________________________________________________________________________________________

Atrazine, μg/l
µg/l
a-BHC, μg/l
µg/l
b-BHC, μg/l
µg/l
d-BHC, μg/l
µg/l
g-BHC, μg/l
µg/l
Chlorobenzylate,
µg/l
μg/l
Chlorothalonil, μg/l
µg/l
Chloroneb, μg/l
µg/l
Dacthal, μg/l
µg/lp,p'-DDD, μg/l
µg/lp,p'-DDE, μg/l
µg/lp, p'-DDT, μg / lµg/l
Dieldrin, μg / lµg/l
Endosulfan l, μg / lµg/l
Endosulfan II, μg / lµg/l
Endosulfan sulfate,µg/l
μg / lEndrin, μg / lµg/l
Endrin aldehyde, μgµg/l/l
Etridiazole, μg / lµg/l
a-Chlordane, μg / lµg/l
g-Chlordane, μg / lµg/l
Heptachlor, μg / lµg/l
Heptachlor epoxide,µg/l
μg / lMethoxychlor, μg / lµg/l
Permethrin, μg/l
µg/l
Simazine, μg / lµg/l
Nonachlor, μg / lµg/l
Organophosphorus nitrogen pesticides:
Ametryn, μg/l
µg/l
Atrazine, μg/l
µg/l
Bromacil, μg / lµg/l
Butylate, μg / lµg/l
Chlorpropham, μg / lµg/l
Dursban, μg / lµg/l
Cycloat, μg / lµg/l
Cyanazine, μg / l
µg/l

< 0.1
<0.02
< 0.01< 0.01
<0.02

< 0.1
<0.02
< 0.01< 0.01
<0.02

< 0.1
<0.02
< 0.01< 0.01
<0.02

< 0.1
<0.02
< 0.01< 0.01
<0.02

< 0.1
<0.02
< 0.01< 0.01
<0.02

< 0.1
<0.02
< 0.01< 0.01
<0.02

< 0.1
<0.02
< 0.01< 0.01
<0.02

< 0.1
<0.02
< 0.01< 0.01
<0.02

< 0.1
<0.02
< 0.01< 0.01
<0.02

<0.02

<0.02

<0.02

<0.02

<0.02

<0.02

<0.02

<0.02

<0.02

< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.05< 0.05< 0.05< 0.05< 0.05< 0.05< 0.05< 0.05< 0.05< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.05< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.05< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.05< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.05< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.05< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.05< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.05< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.05< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.05< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01

< 0.1
< 0.1
< 0.1
< 0.1
< 0.1
< 0.1
< 0.05
< 0.1

< 0.1
< 0.1
< 0.1
< 0.1
< 0.1
< 0.1
< 0.05
< 0.1

< 0.1
< 0.1
< 0.1
< 0.1
< 0.1
< 0.1
< 0.05
< 0.1

< 0.1
< 0.1
< 0.1
< 0.1
< 0.1
< 0.1
< 0.05
< 0.1

< 0.1
< 0.1
< 0.1
< 0.1
< 0.1
< 0.1
< 0.05
< 0.1

< 0.1
< 0.1
< 0.1
< 0.1
< 0.1
< 0.1
< 0.05
< 0.1

< 0.1
< 0.1
< 0.1
< 0.1
< 0.1
< 0.1
< 0.05
< 0.1

< 0.1
< 0.1
< 0.1
< 0.1
< 0.1
< 0.1
< 0.05
< 0.1

< 0.1
< 0.1
< 0.1
< 0.1
< 0.1
< 0.1
< 0.05< 0.1_______________________________________________________________________________________ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT STUDY

200

_________________________________________________________________________________________

Dichlorvos, μg / lµg/l
Diphenamide, μg / lµg/l
EPTC, μg / lµg/l
Ethoprop, μg / lµg/l
Fenarimol, μg / lµg/l
Fluridone, μg / lµg/l
Hexazinone, μg / lµg/l
Methyl paraoxon, μgµg/l/lMetribuzin, μg / lµg/l
Mevinphos, μg / lµg/l
MGK-264, μg / lµg/l
Molinate, μg / lµg/l
NaproPAMId, μg / lµg/l
Norflurazone, μg / lµg/l
Prometon, μg / lµg/l
Prometryn, μg / lµg/l
Pronamide, μg / lµg/l
Propazine, μg / lµg/l
Simetryne, μg / lµg/l
Tetrachlorvinphos,µg/l
μg / lTebuthiuron, μg / lµg/l
Perban, μg / lµg/l
Triadimephone, μg /µg/llTrifluralin, μg / lµg/l
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons:
Acenaphthene, μg/l
µg/l
Benzo (a) pyrene, μgµg/l/lBenzo (b)µg/lfluoranthene, μg / l
Benzo (g, h, i)µg/l
perylene, μg / l
Benzo (k)µg/lfluoranthene, μg / l
Indeno (1,2,3-cd)µg/l
pyrene, μg / lNaphthalene, μg / lµg/l
Bacteriological analysis:

< 0.1
< 0.1
< 0.05
< 0.1
< 0.1
< 0.1
< 0.1

< 0.1
< 0.1
< 0.05
< 0.1
< 0.1
< 0.1
< 0.1

< 0.1
< 0.1
< 0.05
< 0.1
< 0.1
< 0.1
< 0.1

< 0.1
< 0.1
< 0.05
< 0.1
< 0.1
< 0.1
< 0.1

< 0.1
< 0.1
< 0.05
< 0.1
< 0.1
< 0.1
< 0.1

< 0.1
< 0.1
< 0.05
< 0.1
< 0.1
< 0.1
< 0.1

< 0.1
< 0.1
< 0.05
< 0.1
< 0.1
< 0.1
< 0.1

< 0.1
< 0.1
< 0.05
< 0.1
< 0.1
< 0.1
< 0.1

< 0.1
< 0.1
< 0.05
< 0.1
< 0.1
< 0.1
< 0.1

< 0.1

< 0.1

< 0.1

< 0.1

< 0.1

< 0.1

< 0.1

< 0.1

< 0.1

< 0.1
< 0.1
< 0.1
< 0.1
< 0.1
< 0.1
< 0.1
< 0.1
< 0.05
< 0.1
< 0.1

< 0.1
< 0.1
< 0.1
< 0.1
< 0.1
< 0.1
< 0.1
< 0.1
< 0.05
< 0.1
< 0.1

< 0.1
< 0.1
< 0.1
< 0.1
< 0.1
< 0.1
< 0.1
< 0.1
< 0.05
< 0.1
< 0.1

< 0.1
< 0.1
< 0.1
< 0.1
< 0.1
< 0.1
< 0.1
< 0.1
< 0.05
< 0.1
< 0.1

< 0.1
< 0.1
< 0.1
< 0.1
< 0.1
< 0.1
< 0.1
< 0.1
< 0.05
< 0.1
< 0.1

< 0.1
< 0.1
< 0.1
< 0.1
< 0.1
< 0.1
< 0.1
< 0.1
< 0.05
< 0.1
< 0.1

< 0.1
< 0.1
< 0.1
< 0.1
< 0.1
< 0.1
< 0.1
< 0.1
< 0.05
< 0.1
< 0.1

< 0.1
< 0.1
< 0.1
< 0.1
< 0.1
< 0.1
< 0.1
< 0.1
< 0.05
< 0.1
< 0.1

< 0.1
< 0.1
< 0.1
< 0.1
< 0.1
< 0.1
< 0.1
< 0.1
< 0.05
< 0.1
< 0.1

< 0.1

< 0.1

< 0.1

< 0.1

< 0.1

< 0.1

< 0.1

< 0.1

< 0.1

< 0.1
< 0.1

< 0.1
< 0.1

< 0.1
< 0.1

< 0.1
< 0.1

< 0.1
< 0.1

< 0.1
< 0.1

< 0.1
< 0.1

< 0.1
< 0.1

< 0.1
< 0.1

< 0.1

< 0.1

< 0.1

< 0.1

< 0.1

< 0.1

< 0.1

< 0.1

< 0.1

< 0.05< 0.05< 0.05< 0.05< 0.05< 0.05< 0.05< 0.05< 0.05< 0.05< 0.05< 0.05< 0.05< 0.05< 0.05< 0.05< 0.05< 0.05< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01

< 0.1

< 0.1

< 0.1

< 0.1

< 0.1

< 0.1

< 0.1

< 0.1

< 0.1

< 0.1

< 0.1

< 0.1

< 0.1

< 0.1

< 0.1

< 0.1

< 0.1

< 0.1

< 0.1

< 0.1

< 0.1

< 0.1

< 0.1

< 0.1

< 0.1

< 0.1

< 0.1

< 0.1

< 0.1

< 0.1

< 0.1

< 0.1

< 0.1

< 0.1

< 0.1

< 0.1

< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01_______________________________________________________________________________________ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT STUDY201

_________________________________________________________________________________________

Total coliforms
Faecal coliforms
Intestinal enterococci
Number of aerobic
heterotrophs at 37 °C

cfu/100ml
cfu/100ml
cfu/100ml
cfu/100ml>240002400

2400>24000< 10>24000>24000

430

4600

40

< 10

230

150

< 10

430

>24000< 1040>240004600>24000150< 10>24000

2400

< 10

40

4.2 x 107

3.1 x 107

5.6 x 107

9.3 x 10520000

1.68 x 106

9.7 x 106

8.5 x 105

1.15 x 106

Legend: SW1. and SW2. Ošljanski stream, SW3. Ošljanska pond (small), SW4. Ošljanska pond (large), SW5. Leachate from the landfill, SW6. Danube River (downstream) and SW7. Danube River(upstream).

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_________________________________________________________________________________________

Based on all of the above, it can be concluded that the results of the physicochemical analyzes of
the Ošljanski stream and Ošljanska pond at locations SW1, SW2, SW3 and SW5 show that someof the most important parameters that determine water quality (COD, BOD 5 , total nitrogen,ammonia, KMnO consumption 4 , chlorides, phosphates, phenols, electrical conductivity, numberof aerobic heterotrophs), have significantly higher values than parameters corresponding to waterof Class V. From this it can be concluded that these are uncategorized watercourses, i.e. water outof class. Such waters cannot be used for any purpose and their environmental impact is extremely
unfavorable due to the possibility of its contamination. It can be concluded that the surface waters
at these sites have poor ecological status from a chemical and microbiological point of view.
For sample SW4, results of physico-chemical analyzes for BOD 5 parameters, phosphates andphenols, correspond to Class IV water, and for parameters total nitrogen, consumption KMnO 4
and aerobic heterotrophs, Class III. For parameters HPC, nitrates, chlorides, sulfates, metal
content, faecal coliforms, total coliform bacteria and intestinal enterococci, the values obtainedcorrespond to Class I. The better water quality at this site compared to the other four sites isprobably due to the dilution due to the increased Danube water level, at the time of sampling. It
can be concluded that the site has mixed, excellent to poor ecological status from a chemical andmicrobiological point of view. Regarding the results of the analysis of samples from sites SW3 andSW4 (Ošljanska pond, June 2018), the water quality is much better.
The results of the physico-chemical analysis of the small Ošljanska pond (sample SW3) show thatat the sampling point, most of the analyzed parameters correspond to the quality of water of thefirst class, except for the consumption of KMnO 4 parameter, BOD 5 and total nitrogencorresponding to Class II water quality. Bacteriological analysis shows that for faecal coliforms,
total coliform bacteria and intestinal enterococci, the values obtained correspond to Class I, whilethe values obtained for aerobic heterotrophs correspond to Class V water quality. It can beconcluded that at this location, water has a mixed ecological status from a chemical andmicrobiological point of view.
The results of physicochemical analyzes of the large Ošljanska pond (sample SW4) show that at
the sampling location, most of the analyzed parameters correspond to the water quality of Class I,
except for the KMnO 4 consumption parameter and total coliforms corresponding to Class II water
quality and dissolved oxygen, COD and BOD 5 parameters corresponding to Class III water quality.
Bacteriological analysis shows that for total coliform bacteria and intestinal enterococci, the values
obtained correspond to Class I, while the values obtained for aerobic heterotrophs correspond toClass V water quality. It can be concluded that at this location, water has a mixed ecological statusfrom a chemical and microbiological point of view. The reason for the different values of thequality parameters of these waters analyzed in March and June may be the increase in the amountof wastewater during the sampling period in May, but also in the large amounts of precipitationthat were present throughout the month of June, which resulted in the dilution of the water in thepond.
_______________________________________________________________________________________ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT STUDY203

_________________________________________________________________________________________

Regarding the results of the Danube River analysis carried out in June 2018 at sites downstream
and upstream of the existing Vinča landfill, they show that at the sampling site, most of theanalyzed parameters correspond to the quality of water of the first class, except for parameters
KMnO 4 consumption, total nitrogen, nitrates, and fecal coliforms, corresponding to Class II water
quality. Some of the most important parameters that determine water quality (COD, BOD 5 ,dissolved oxygen, total coliforms) correspond to Class III water quality. It can be concluded thatat this location, water has a mixed ecological status from a chemical and microbiological point ofview.
Biological analysis of surface water in the project area
The analysis of the status of aquatic ecosystems was done by the expert team of the Institute for
Biological Research "Siniša Stanković" from Belgrade in early April and mid-June 2018. Analysis
of macroinvertebrate (invertebrate) communities in surface waters at a landfill site was performedon samples taken at the same sites where samples were taken for physical, chemical andmicrobiological analysis in March 2018.
Due to the increased water level of the Danube at the time of sampling, it was not possible to accessthe same locations, so the locations where the samples were taken were somewhat different. In asecond, additional campaign, conducted in June, selected samples were taken at the same locations
as the samples for physico-chemical and microbiological analyses.

Figure 54 Display of sampling sites of aquatic invertebrates at low
and high water levels of the Danube, April and June 2018_______________________________________________________________________________________ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT STUDY204

_________________________________________________________________________________________

Table 22 Preview of basic data on sampling sites - surface water
NumberSamplelabel
April 2018

1

SW1

2

SW2

3
4
5
6
1

SW3
SW4
SW5
SW6
June 2018
SW3

2

SW4

Description of sampling location
The place is located near the body of the landfill and is directly influenced by thewaters draining from it. The water body is very polluted, has an intense odor
reminiscent of the decomposition of organic matter. Clear indicators of pollution
are present in the water - greasy layers on the surface, sediment of intense andunnatural color, residues of various waste and more.
The site is also located near the landfill body and the same conditions wereobserved as in the case of SW1 sampling site.
The sampling sites are located in the Danube River floodplain, downstream of
Veliko Selo and the side branch called Male vode. The water level in this body ofwater depends directly on the level of the Danube River and is a typical wetland.
The sampling sites are located in the Danube River floodplain, downstream of
Veliko Selo and the side branch called Male vode. The water level in this body ofwater depends directly on the level of the Danube River and is a typical wetland.

The biological material was collected using a mesh with a diameter of 500 μm, in accordance withstandard method EN 27828: 1998 (Methods for surveying aquatic macro invertebrates in runningand standing waters are specified by the international standard). Sampling covered all habitats
estimated to cover more than 5% of the target water body.
Research has shown that the presence of macro invertebrates in all of these locations is very weakduring both campaigns (April/June).
As for the April 2018 campaign, aquatic invertebrates were not recorded at SW1 and SW 5
locations adjacent to the body of the landfill alone. At sites SW2, SW3, SW4 and SW6, a total of
15 species from 10 different aquatic macroinvertebrate groups were recorded. During the analysis,
only species inhabiting aquatic habitats were considered, while for other taxa (terrestrial species)
only the presence was recorded.
It is important to note that the hydrological situation for the collection of aquatic
macroinvertebrates during the sampling period in April at sites SW2, SW3, SW4 and SW6 was
not favorable as it was high water level and a significant part of the area around the wetland was
flooded. The communities of aquatic macroinvertebrates in the water-covered area during thisperiod are not representative of the entire water body. This situation does not apply to SW1 andSW5 locations.

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Table 23 Results of the analysis of the presence of macro invertebrates in surface waters
at the landfill site, April 2018.
NumberSpecies/taxa

Number of species recorded by sampling site
SW2

1

Nematodes

2

Limnoodrilus udekemianus Claparède, 18624

3

Limnoodrilus sp

3

Cyclops sp.

150

SW3

SW4

SW2
1

2

7

5

1

4

110

35

50

41

33

35

Daphnia sp.

50

4

Niphargus valachicus Dobreanu & Manolache, 1933

2

5

Asellus aquaticus (Linnaeus, 1758)

1

22

36

40

Ostracoda

12

11

6

120

1

6

Planorbarius corneus (Linnaeus, 1758)

17Viviparus viviparus (Linnaeus, 1758)

18

Hydrobiidae

15

2

11

Hygromiidae

20

16

4

1

Oxyloma elegans (Risso, 1826)

1

9

Dytiscidae

2

10

Tipula sp.

911

Chironomus sp.

2

12

Ceratopogonidae

1

Trichoptera

1

13

Hemiptera

1

14

Notonecta glauca (Linnaeus, 1758)

1

Collembola

2

Milipaeda

815

Argyroneta aquatica (Clerck, 1758)

1

16

Hydrachnidia

1

1
4

1

2
2

4

1

1

1

Based on the results of testing of macro-invertebrate aquatic communities in the wider Vinča
landfill, the indicative ecological status of water bodies at SW1 and SW5 can be characterized aspoor (Class V), in accordance with all the parameters prescribed in the Regulation on theparameters of ecological and chemical status of surface waters and the parameters of the chemicaland quantitative status of groundwater ("Official Gazette of RS", no. 74/2011). It should be notedthat it was deliberately stated as indicative, since the status assessment procedure requires a larger
number of samples and, by law, is not subject to individual studies for such projects. Water bodies
representing samples from sites SW1 and SW5 can be defined as artificial, and therefore theirindicative ecological potential can be characterized as poor.
_______________________________________________________________________________________ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT STUDY206

_________________________________________________________________________________________The indicative ecological status of the standing water body, according to the results obtained forsamples from sites SW2, SW3, SW4 and SW6, may also be assessed as poor, in accordance withthe applicable Rulebook.
In the June 2018 campaign, the apparent similarity of communities is present in both
ponds/wetlands, i.e. at both selected sampling points (SW3, SW4, June 2018).
The dominant species in the community are insect larvae, mainly Diptera larvae that make up about
90%. The most common were mosquito larvae (Culex sp.) and hoverflies (Eristalis sp.). Other
insect groups include Hemiptera and Coleopteran from the Ditiscidea and Hydrophilide families,
with representatives typical of stagnant water that is under high organic pollution. Cleon dipterum(Ephemeroptera) was also recorded at both sites, while a single monocular larva of Ishnura elegans(Odonata/Zigoptera) was recorded at the SW4 site at the larger pond
The indicative ecological status of these permanent waters may be assessed as poor, in accordancewith the Rulebook on parameters of ecological and chemical status of surface water and parametersof chemical and quantitative groundwater status ("Official Gazette of RS", no. 74/2011).
Table 24 Results of the analysis of the presence of macro invertebrates in surface waters
at the landfill site, June 2018
Number of species recorded by sampling site
Number1

2

Species/taxa
SW3

SW4

Cyclops sp.

53

Ostracoda

1

1

1

0

5

3

Corixa sp.

4

5

Mesovelia sp.

1

1

Velia sp.

11Plea lechi

21Agabus sp.

2

3

Hydrophilidae ad22Hydrophilidae Lv

4

4

Coelostoma sp.

1

1

Crustacea

OdonataIschnura elegans

3

Ephemeroptera
Cleon dipterum

4

5

Hemiptera

Coleoptera_______________________________________________________________________________________ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT STUDY207

_________________________________________________________________________________________

Number of species recorded by sampling site
Number6

7

Species/taxa
SW3

SW4

Cercion laminatus11

Laccophilus sp.

1

1

Helochares sp.

11

Eristalis pupae

23Eristalis sp.

23

20

Ephidridae pupae

42DipteraDichaeta caudata

2

3

Culex sp.

190

220

Ceratopogonidae

11Chironomus sp.

45

Hydracarina

1

1

From all of the above, it can be concluded that it is necessary to continue monitoring the status ofthese water bodies in order to reach the target class of ecological potential, i.e. the maximum
ecological potential that can be achieved in a given water body.
Sediment analysis in the project area
As part of the determination of the zero state of the quality of the environmental parameters, prior
to the commencement of works on the construction of the planned facilities, the determination of
the quality of sediments was carried out in the wider area of the Vinča landfill complex.
Sampling was conducted on 29.03.2018 by the Anahem laboratory in Belgrade, at 10 measuring
points - 7 for soil and 3 for sediment. The analysis of the samples, in order to determine thephysicochemical and microbiological parameters, was carried out by the same laboratory, while
the determination of the presence of asbestos at 5 out of 10 locations was carried out by thelaboratory Institute "Mol" from Stara Pazova.

_______________________________________________________________________________________ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT STUDY208

_________________________________________________________________________________________

Figure 55 Spatial representation of soil and sediment sampling locations
Table 25 Presentation of basic data on sampling sites - soil and sediments
NumberMeasuring point label

1

Surface soil 1

Soil

Tested for the presenceof asbestosNO

2

Surface soil 2

Soil

YES

3

Surface soil 3

Soil

NE

4

Surface soil 4

5

Surface soil 5 - sludge

6Type of sample

Soil

YES

Sediment

YES

Surface soil 6

Soil

NE

7

Surface soil 7

Soil

YES

8

Surface soil 8

Soil

NE

9

Surface soil 9 - sludge

Sediment

YES

10

Surface soil 10 - sludge

Sediment

NE

The table below shows the results for compounds whose concentration is above the quantification
value (> GV), while the concentrations above the detection threshold are indicated in gray.

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_________________________________________________________________________________________

Table 26 Results of sediment analysis
Parameter
Dry
Organic
substances,
Mineraloils, mg/kg
pH
Cadmium
Arsenic
Chromium
Mercury
CopperNickel(Ni)
Lead (Pb)
Zinc (Zn)
HC C 5-10 ,
mg/kg

1
82

* MDK

2
77

* MDK

3
76

3.4

-

5.5

-

4.8

< 10
6.9

501;
50002
-

< 10
7.1

501;
50002
-

< 10

501;
50002
-

411;2462

20
55

<0.15

-

<0.15

17
56

<0.15

-

19
52

1

2

<0.15

-

8
80

* MDK

-

4.2

-

5.1

-

7.3

501;
50002
-

7.2
0.45
2.9
37
0.07
15

0.711;
291;5521141;
0.311;
361;1922

0.53
3.9
30
0.05
14

0.721; 112
291;5521121;
0.311; 102
361; 1912

0.57
4.2
39
0.04
16

45

421; 2522

31411;2462

42

< 10

< 10
7.2

501;
50002
-

13
45

86 ; 533
1511;

15
43

85 ; 531
1491;7682

16
45

<0.15

-

<0.15

-

<0.15

-

2

86 ; 534
12
86 ; 5341501;
381501;7712
Other compounds
-

* MDK

0.761;
31 1 :
1181;
0.321;
381;
441;
2642
891;
1601;

411;2462
1

7
80

501;
50002
-

< 10

71

35

* MDK

3.5

0.56
4.8
58
0.13
24

78

7.3

4.6

0.761;
301; 582
1161;
0.321;
381;
431;
2582
891;
1571;

0.60
5.1
68
0.08
29

35

< 10

-

7.4
Metals, mg/kg
0.731;
0.44
0.731; 112
1
2
29 ;55
3.4
291;552
1
112 ;
31
1121;
1
0.31 ;
0.19
0.311; 102
1
2
36 ;19215361;1922

0.721;
301; 562
1161;
0.321;
371;
431;
2582
851;
1541;

0.56
4.5
49
0.04
41

501;
50002
-

Sample label and corresponding MDK
* MDK
4
* MDK
6
82
82

1

2

1

2

CVOC
<0.22
<0.22
<0.22
<0.22
<0.22
<0.22
<0.22
(sum),
Bromides, < 0.05
< 0.05< 0.05< 0.05< 0.05< 0.05< 0.05Chlorides,
340
6.3
316
24
33
19
28
Fluorides, < 0.05
< 0.05< 0.05< 0.05< 0.05< 0.05< 0.05
Nitrates,
16
47
33
20
67
39
26
Sulphates,
39
5.6
171
12
19
7.6
13
* Based on the Regulation on limit values for pollutants, harmful and hazardous substances in soil, Annex 1, “Official Gazette of RS" 30/2018:(1-MDK, 2-remediation value of hazardous and harmful substance).

-_______________________________________________________________________________________ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT STUDY

210

_________________________________________________________________________________________

Analysis of the surrounding soil samples showed that, in accordance with the Regulation on thesystematic monitoring of soil quality, indicators for assessing the risk of land degradation and themethodology for developing remediation programs, Annex 3 ("Official Gazette of RS" no. 88/10):- The measured copper concentration exceeds the limit value in the soil sample taken at site
1 (surface soil 1), located to the northwest of the boundary of the landfill complex;- The measured nickel concentration exceeds the limit values in soil samples taken at sites 2
and 3 (surface soil 2, surface soil 3), located northwest of the complex and sites 6 (surface soil 6),
located southeast of the complex;- The measured concentrations of all the analyzed parameters do not exceed the remediation
values of the hazardous and harmful substances in the soil.
- Asbestos was not detected in any of the analyzed soil and sediment samples.
Physico-chemical analyses of groundwater
At the site of the Vinča landfill, numerous studies have been carried out in recent years on the stateand quality of groundwater from existing and new piezometers and wells, so the results obtained
from these surveys can also be considered a zero condition, which is especially true of the researchcarried out by "Energoprojekt" (continued in the text that follows) - Designing of geologicalgeotechnical research for the purpose of the construction of the facility for energy utilization ofmunicipal waste (EfW), Summary, Energoprojekt Hidroinženjering, 2017.
All the aforementioned surveys were carried out in the process of preparation for realization of the
project of rehabilitation of the existing landfill and construction of new facilities (piezometers), bydifferent actors, depending on the phase of project preparation.
Geological-geotechnical testing for the design and construction of the new and remediation of theold landfill in Vinča, Energoprojekt Niskogradnja, November 2017.
Survey involves examining the content, characteristics and condition of the geological conditionsof the area by performing geological, hydrogeological, geophysical, geomechanical, seismologicaland other explorations. For the purposes of wider testing, more wells and exploration pits havealso been excavated.
Table 27 Piezometer Overview, Energoprojekt Niskogradnja, 2017
Label of exploratory activity
Pz-1
Pz-2
Pz-3
Pz-4
Pz-5
Pz-6

Type of exploratory
activity
piezometerpiezometerpiezometerpiezometerpiezometerpiezometer

YX

Depth [m]7468958.44
7469090.51
7468353.07
7468366.38
7467691.28
7467987.38

4960564.25
4960244.82
4960560.54
4959997.38
4959733.85
4959418.89

20
20
25
25
25
25

Groundwaterlevel, 2017
7.35
12.50
12.50
4.00
17.90
22.30

_______________________________________________________________________________________ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT STUDY

211

_________________________________________________________________________________________

Figure 56 Overview of piezometers (Pz-1 ÷ Pz-8) and other excavated wells and pits, 2017
Groundwater levels in all piezometers specified and data on this are presented in the table for theperiod 25.10.2017 to 12.13.2017
Table 28 Groundwater level measured in period from 25.10.2017 to 13.12.2017.
Groundwater levels measured (m.a.s.l)
Piezometer
25/11/2017

01/12/2017

13/12/2017

01/02/2018

07/03/2018

30/3/2018

Averagewater level

Pz-1

114.0

113.2

112.9

113.7

/

120.4

7.30

Pz-2

108.0

108.1

108.1

108.5

108.8

108.3

12.50

Pz-3

161.6

162.4

162.7

162.9

162.9

162.8

12.50

Pz-4

161.9

162.3

162.4

162.4

162.5

161.1

4.00

Pz-5

196.1

196.2

196.1

196.1

196.0

194.1

17.90

Pz-6

197.3

196.9

197.0

197.1

197.1

196.3

22.30

Pz-7

194.0

194.0

194.0

193.8

193.8

193.9

16.30

Pz-8

200.4

200.4

200.4

200.3

200.5

199.5

28.00

NP-2

189.3

189.3

189.2

189.0

189.0

188.0

11.80

NP-11

81.3

81.4

81.9

81.7

83.7

81.8

6.70

BH-2

125.3

125.3

125.3

126.0

126.2

125.5

3.40

BH-5

180.0

180.0

180.0

179.9

180.1

179.4

8.00

Asphalt base
well

/

/

/

/

/

148.2

/

BVp-2

/

/

/

/

/

93.6

/

BV-5

/

/

/

/

/

100.6

/

BV-7

/

/

/

/

/

93.5

/

_______________________________________________________________________________________ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT STUDY212

_________________________________________________________________________________________In order to determine the aggressiveness of groundwater on concrete and reinforced concrete, achemical analysis of groundwater from piezometers (Pz-1 to Pz-6) was carried out, in accordancewith the Rulebook on Technical Standards for Concrete and Reinforced Concrete in Subjects
Affected by an Aggressive Environment (Official Gazette FRY, No. 18/92).
- Pz-1: Groundwater sample does not show aggressive effects of excretion, general acidity
or magnesium aggressiveness but shows carbonate, sulfate and ammonia aggressiveness.
- Pz-2: Groundwater sample shows aggressive excretion effect but does not show generalacidity, carbonate, sulfate, ammonia or magnesium aggressiveness.
- Pz-4: Groundwater sample shows aggressive excretion effect and carbonate aggressivenessbut does not show general acidity, sulfate, ammonia or magnesium aggressiveness.
- Pz-6: Groundwater sample shows aggressive excretion effect but does not show generalacidity, carbonate, sulfate, ammonia or magnesium aggressiveness.
As part of a similar exploration, two additional piezometers, the Pz-7 and the Pz-8, wereconstructed and equipped for the area where the EfW plant will be built.
Table 29 Designed exploratory wells, piezometers and pits
Label of exploratory
activity
EP-11
EP-12
EP-13
EP-14
Pz-7
Pz-8

Type of exploratory
work
exploratory well
exploratory well
exploratory well
exploratory well
piezometerpiezometer

YX

Depth [m]7467806.77
7467755.32
7467750.34
7467747.62
7467878.28
7467680.47

4959556.47
4959502.32
4959553.80
4959420.09
4959578.82
4959438.94

25
25
25
25
30
30

Slika 57 Presentation of designed exploratory wells, piezometers and pits EfW Plant, 2017_______________________________________________________________________________________ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT STUDY213

_________________________________________________________________________________________

Table 30 Groundwater level in piezometers (from 25.10.2017 to 13.12.2017)
Groundwater level data (m.a.s.l)
Piezometer

Altitude(m.a.s.l)
25/11/2017

01/12/2017

13/12/2017

01/02/2018

07/03/2018

30/3/2018

Averagerelative
water
level

Pz-7

210.2

194.0

194.0

194.0

193.8

193.8

193.9

16.30

Pz-8

228.4

200.4

200.4

200.4

200.3

200.5

199.5

28.00

In order to determine the aggressiveness of groundwater on concrete and reinforced concrete, chemical
analyses of groundwater from piezometers (Pz-7 and Pz-8) were carried out, in accordance with theRulebook on Technical Standards for Concrete and Reinforced Concrete in Facilities Exposed toAggressive Environmental Action (Official Gazette FRY, no. 18/92). The analysis of groundwater was
carried out by the Institute of Public Health of the Province of Vojvodina during November 2017.
Based on the concentration of hydrocarbon, sulfate, magnesium and ammonia, according to the valid
Rulebooks, it was concluded that the water from Pz-7 was not aggressive. The analysis performed forPz-8 is irrelevant since the water sample taken represents the water from the top of the piezometer.
Chemical analyses of groundwater from piezometers (Pz-1 to Pz-6) and existing wells (NP-11 and wellsin the asphalt base) were also carried out in order to determine the quality of groundwater, in accordancewith the Regulation on the systematic monitoring of soil quality, indicators for assessment of landdegradation risk and methodology for drawing up remediation programs (Official Gazette of RS, No.
88/10) Annex 2. - Remediation values for concentrations of hazardous and harmful substances andvalues that may indicate significant groundwater contamination.
The results of these analyses are presented in the framework of the document entitled “Groundwater
Quality Report”, which was produced in April 2018 by “Energoprojekt Hidroinženjering” in Belgrade.
For the assessment of groundwater quality, two series of water sampling and analysis were carried out
by a certified laboratory Occupational Health and Environmental Protection "Beograd" doo, which are:
- Series I: Sampling was performed in November 2017 at the following locations: NP-11, Pz-1, Pz-2, Pz4, Pz-5, Pz-6;- Series II: Sampling was performed in March 2018 at the following locations: NP-11, Pz-2, Pz-4, Pz-5
and water from asphalt base wells.
As mentioned in the Report, these piezometer locations were selected for testing to analyze theimpacts of the existing landfill on groundwater quality (NP-11, Pz-1, Pz-2, and possibly Pz-4,
located downstream of the existing landfill ) and groundwater quality in the part that should not
be exposed to the impact of the existing landfill (Pz-5, Pz-6 and the asphalt-based well locatedupstream of the existing landfill). The results indicate the following conclusions:_______________________________________________________________________________________ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT STUDY

214

_________________________________________________________________________________________The pH of the water in the piezometers varies in the slightly alkaline range, which is 7.2-8 except
for NP-11 and Pz-1, where the values in Series I were 6.7 and 6.9 (slightly acidic medium). The
turbidity values are generally high, ranging from 2.06 to 136 NTU. Total suspended particulates
range from 13 mg/l to 390 mg/l.
High values were registered in the impact zone of the existing landfill (NP-11), which is logical,
but also in the asphalt base (185 mg/l). It is interesting to note that the highest turbidity andsuspended particulate matter values were registered in Pz-5, which is not exposed to the existing
landfill (136 NTU and 390 mg/l).
Electrical conductivity is highest in the impact zone of the existing landfill, i.e. In Pz-1 (12620
μS/cm), Np-11 (4380 μS/cm), Pz-4 (1349 μS/cm) and Pz-2 (1234 μS/cm). The dry residue at 180°C corresponds to the electrical conductivity value. Of the mineral substances, macro components,
chlorides are most common in the area of influence of the existing landfill: Pz-1 (3,711.31 mg/l)
and NP-11 (10,515.32 mg/l), while other values were in the range of 6 mg/l to 134 mg/l. The
lowest value was registered in the asphalt base.
The high sodium value was registered in the landfill impact zone, at Pz-1, at 2156.9 mg/l. Other
values range from 8.1 to 232.8 mg/l. The concentration of bicarbonate is highest in NP-11(1017mg/l), while the values of this parameter in other piezometers range between 24.5 and 699.2
mg/l. The calcium concentration is highest in Pz-1 (434.4mg/l) and NP-11 (30.3 mg/l).
The highest nitrate concentration was observed in Pz-1 (370.91 mg/l). The values of this parameterfor other piezometers range from <0.04 mg/l to 12.92 mg/l. Ammonia concentration was also
highest in Pz-1 (21.4 mg/l), followed by Np-11 (2.72 mg/l). In other samples it was below 1 mg/l.
Nitrite concentrations in most samples were <0.04 mg/l and were only 0.08 mg/l in Pz-2 only and0.3 mg/l Pz-5 only. The concentrations of phosphate and total phosphorus in all samples were<0.08 mg/l 0.01 mg/l, respectively.
Value of biological oxygen demand (BOD 5 ) was highest in Pz-1 (398mg/l) and NP-11 (63mg/l).
On the other hand, very low BOD values 5 (1 and 2mg/l) are registered in Pz-2, although thispiezometer is influenced by the existing landfill. BOD 5 values in other piezometers range from <1
to 5 mg/l. chemical oxygen demand (COD) values were consistent with BOD 5 values.
Oxygen concentration is directly dependent on the presence of oxidizable substances. Dissolved
oxygen concentrations were lowest in NP-11 (3.5mg/l) and Pz-1 (5mg/l), where the lowest valuesof BOD 5 and COD were also recorded. A low value of oxygen concentration was also recorded in
the well of the concrete base (4.1 mg/l).

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The well is very deep (300 m), and the water remains for a long period, while the penetration of
fresh (atmospheric) oxygen-rich water through a layer of soil about 80 m thick is very slow.
Concentrations of heavy metals are below remediation values, in accordance with the Regulationon the systematic monitoring of soil quality, indicators for assessing the risk of soil degradationand the methodology for designing remediation programs (Official Gazette of RS, No. 88/10),
Annex 2. - Remediation values for concentrations of hazardous and harmful substances and values
that may indicate significant groundwater contamination.
The only exceptions are:- the concentration of chromium in Pz-1 (0.1 mg/l), while the remediation value is 0.03 mg/l;- the concentration of copper in Pz-1 (0.13 mg/l), while the remediation value is 0.075 mg/l;- the concentration of zinc in Pz-2 (1.62 mg/l) and Pz-5 (1.27 mg/l) while the remediation
value is 0.8 mg/l;- the nickel concentration in Pz-1 (0.73 mg/l) and NP-11 (0.13 mg/l) while the remediation
value is 0.075 mg/l.
Analyses include control of mineral oils and cyanides. Mineral oil and cyanide concentrations were
below the appropriate remediation values, in accordance with the Regulation.
Based on the water quality analyses conducted in November 2017 and March 2018, it was
concluded that samples taken from piezometers exposed to the existing landfill (NP-11, Pz-1, Pz2 and possibly Pz-4) and those that are not influenced by the landfill differ in their physicochemicalcomposition. Increased concentrations of some parameters (turbidity, suspended particles, nitrites,zinc) were observed to be registered in Pz-5, which is not affected by the existing landfill.
This situation is explained as a consequence of leaching from the surrounding terrain (from theexisting landfill zone) and the penetration of pollutants into the groundwater.
As for the deep well on the asphalt base, it was concluded on the basis of an analysis conducted in
March 2018 that the existing landfill has no effect on the water quality of the well.

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_________________________________________________________________________________________The profile view of the derived piezometers is given in the figure. It is evident that all installed
and equipped piezometers are placed in areas not covered by waste. The Pz-4 piezometer is closest
to the landfill.

Figure 58 Position of groundwater control piezometers
Groundwater quality testing was also carried out on 02.04.2019. The Anahem accredited laboratoryfrom Belgrade performed sampling and analysis using the methods specified in SPRS EN ISO 55671, SRPS ISO 5567-3, SRPS ISO 5567-11 and SRPS EN ISO 19458.
As part of this campaign, water from 13 piezometers was sampled, and 76 different parameters were
tested and analysed.
The results of these analyses are presented within the document "19040102 Vinca Sampling
02042019".

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Overview of basic parameters of tested samples:
General parameters
None of the measured values exceeds the remediation levels.
Salinity
None of the measured values exceeds the remediation levels.
Oxygen regime
None of the measured values exceeds the remediation levels.
MetalsNone of the measured values exceeds the remediation levels except nickel (Ni) in water sampled in
the Np-11 piezometer, whose concentration is slightly higher than the remediation level (measured:
96 µg/l; remediation level: 75 µg/l).
Organic compounds
None of the measured values exceeds the remediation levels.

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5.4. SOIL
The program of soil contamination testing on the territory of Belgrade in 2017 was conducted by
the Belgrade City Institute for Public Health on the basis of the Agreement concluded with theSecretariat for Environmental Protection of the City of Belgrade.
During the implementation of the Soil Pollution Testing Program in Belgrade in 2017, a total of
48 soil samples were sampled and laboratory tested.
In accordance with the purpose of the test, and considering the purpose and the manner of land use, theProgram of soil pollution testing in the territory of Belgrade focused on the following areas of testing:
I Soil in the zone of sanitary protection of sources of central water supply systems in the territory ofBelgrade - 12 locations
II Soil from the agricultural land - 3 locations
III Soil near major roads - 2 locations
IV Soil from public areas and within non-hygienic settlements - 7 locations

Sampling was performed at depths of 0.10 and 0.50 m at all locations.
During sampling at each location and depth, a composite sample was formed, obtained bycapturing land from 3 different places on an area of about 20-30 m².
Laboratory testing was performed in accordance with the provisions of ISO 17025: 2006, and thecalculation and interpretation of results in accordance with the Regulation on the systematic
monitoring of soil quality, indicators for assessing the risk of soil degradation and methodology
for the preparation of remediation programs ("Official Gazette of RS", no. 88/2010).
According to the results of laboratory testing of soil composition at 24 locations within the territoryof Belgrade (Source: Belgrade Environmental Quality for 2017, City Administration, Secretariat
for Environmental Protection, 2018), in certain surface layers of soil (up to 50 cm), in certain
locations there is an increase in the concentration of certain test parameters.
Taking into account all the results of soil pollution testing on the territory of Belgrade, the mostfrequent deviation was related to the increased nickel content in the soil (in 40 out of 48 samples
analyzed) in relation to the limit values according to the Regulation ("Official Gazette of RS", No.
88/2010). The finding of increased nickel content in soil is related to the specific geo-chemicalcomposition of the soil surface layers in this area and in most cases is not predominantly causedby contamination of anthropogenic origin. This can be inferred from the analysis of a large numberof samples and long-term monitoring of soil contamination in the observed area, since similar
concentrations of nickel are observed in most of the studied samples within the GUP (Master
Urban Plan) area. A similar situation regarding the content of nickel in the soil is in other areas
outside the territory of the City of Belgrade (Smederevo, Požarevac, etc.).
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Considering the fact that soil contamination with nickel is possible due to the influence of industry,thermal power complexes, transport, utilities, etc., we cannot completely exclude anthropogenic
influence.
For the increase of concentrations of other metals: copper (32 samples), zinc (13 samples), arsenic(3 samples), chromium (2 samples) and lead and cadmium (1 sample each), causes should besought in adverse environmental influences, mainly as a consequence of the purpose and activities
in close proximity to sampling sites (spot contamination) and/or aerosol pollution (diffuse spreadof pollutants).
Increased content of organic parameters: total hydrocarbons (C 10 -C 40 ) (9 samples) and PAU (2samples) is not so significant in terms of concentrations and locations identified, but indicates that
their presence in the soil requires further monitoring, given the long half-life and other significant
eco-toxicological characteristics (possible inclusion in the food chain, adverse health effects, etc.).
The presence of registered deviations in the content of heavy metals (primarily nickel) and otherpollutants in soil on the territory of Belgrade may, in addition to anthropogenic adverse effects, be
related to the implementation of the Regulation ("Official Gazette of RS", No. 88/2010). This
Regulation introduced a procedure for determining - calculation of limit and remediation values
for each parameter tested, based on the content of organic substances and clay. Given that theabove regulation is entirely transcribed from the Dutch legislation, the natural characteristics ofthe soil composition in our area have not been taken into account. This resulted in non-logicalreduced limit and remediation values for some of the tested parameters, which resulted in thefinding that almost all the soil samples tested have an increased nickel content. This situation
makes it difficult to assess the actual contribution of soil pollution in the particularterritory/location.
In the zone of sanitary protection, sources of central water supply systems at 3 locations haveregistered deviations regarding the concentrations of the tested parameters. These are: Mladenovac
Water Supply - B11 well, Serava spring; Obrenovac Water Supply - well no. 2 "Vić bare" andLazarevac Water Supply - B10 well.
No significant deviations were registered in the samples of soil taken from agricultural areas aswell as in the area of influence of major roads in 2017,compared to the standards of the current
Regulation.
Surveys conducted on public areas have shown that there is no significant deviation of the content
of the tested parameters in the land at the site of the Avala Protected Natural Area - near the Avala
Tower and near the "Čarapića brest" Mountaineering Hut.

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In contrast, at locations of 3 unhygienic settlements: Jabučki rit, Vuka Vrčevića Street andČukarička padina there are exceedances of many tested pollutants, mostly heavy metals, some ofwhich exceeded the remediation value in addition to the limit value.
The largest deviations were registered in the soil at the location at Vuka Vrčevića Street, whereconcentrations over the limit value were: Pb, Zn, Cu, Ni, total hydrocarbons C 10 -C 40 andpolycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). In this case, the concentrations of zinc (Zn) and copper(Cu) in the sample 10-17-0040 (h = 10 cm), in addition to the limit significantly exceeded theremediation value.
A significant exceedance of the remediation value for arsenic (As) was registered in both samples
17-10-0042 and 17-10-0043 (h = 10 and 50 cm) at the site of the unsanitary settlement "Čukarička
padina". In addition to arsenic at this site, the limit values were exceeded by the concentrations of
Cd, Zn, Cu, Ni and total hydrocarbons C 10 -C 40 .
The content of Zn, Cu, Ni and total hydrocarbons C10-C40 was increased at the site of theunhygienic settlement of Jabučki rit, with the concentration of copper (Cu) in the sample 10-170032 (h = 50 cm), in addition to the limit significantly exceeding the remediation value.
The above deviations of pollutants that exceeded the limit value, and some of them significantly
exceed the remediation value, indicate at the locations of unhygienic settlements that the soil in
the respective locations is under significant load of anthropogenic influence, that is, exposed to thepresence of dangerous and harmful substances related to the manner of land use and land
regulation.
In the particular case, the finding can be largely linked to land use for the purpose of disposal of
the collected secondary raw materials and waste which is improperly collected and disposed of on
the land (without protection measures), by applying partial treatment or waste treatment by
inadequate procedures..
Results of the zero condition test
As part of the determination of the zero state of the quality of the environmental parameters, prior
to the commencement of works on the construction of the planned facilities, the determination of
the quality of soil was carried out in the wider area of the Vinča complex.
Sampling was conducted on 29.03.2018 by the Anahem laboratory in Belgrade, at 10 measuring
points - 7 for soil and 3 for the sediment. The analysis of the samples, in order to determine thephysicochemical and microbiological parameters, was carried out by the same laboratory, while
the determination of the presence of asbestos at 5 out of 10 locations was carried out by the "Mol"laboratory from Belgrade.
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Figure 59 Spatial representation of soil and sediment sampling locations
All soil and sediment samples were subjected to the same analysis. Two soil samples were
subjected to analysis of polychlorinated dibenzodoxins and dibenzofuran on 15 March. The tablebelow shows all compounds analyzed in soil and sediment samples.
Table 31 Overview of the compounds analyzed
Sample label

Compound analyzed

Measuring points SS1 SS4, SS7 - SS9

Metals, chlorinated volatile organic matter (CVOC), polychlorinatedaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs),
C5-C10 volatile hydrocarbons, benzene, ethylbenzene, toluene,
xylene (BTEX), bromides, nitrates, fluorides, chlorides, sulfates.

Measuring points SS3*and SS6*

Polychlorinated dibenzodioxin
dibenzofuran PCDF

PCDDS

and

polychlorinated

The results of the analysis of soil samples showed that:
In accordance with the regulation in force at the time of measurement (Regulation on thesystematic monitoring of soil quality, indicators for assessing the risk of land degradation andmethodology for the preparation of remediation programs, Annex 3 (Official Gazette of RS, No.
88/10), the measured concentration of copper exceeds the limit value in the soil sample taken at
location SS1 (Surface Soil 1). The exceeded limit value for copper concentration at location SS1
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_________________________________________________________________________________________The measured nickel concentration exceeds the limit values in soil samples taken at locations SS2
and 3 and SS6 (surface soils 2, surface soils 3 and surface soils 6). The exceeded limit value fornickel concentration at locations 2, 3 and 6 is below the prescribed limit for soil remediation,according to the above program.
The measured concentrations of the other parameters analyzed do not exceed the remediation
values of the hazardous and harmful substances in the soil in accordance with the above program.
Asbestos was not detected in any of the analyzed soil and sediment samples.
Analysis of the SS3* and SS6* samples showed relatively low concentrations of dibenzodioxin(<56 ng/kg) and dibenzofuran (35.1 ng/kg). The regulation on the systematic monitoring of soil
quality, indicators for assessing the risk of soil degradation and the methodology for developing
remediation programs defines the remediation values for the concentration of dioxin (1 µg/kg) insoil. If the sum of dioxins (<0.056 μg/kg) is considered, this value is not exceeded in any soil
sample.

5.5. FAUNA AND FLORA
Flora and flora habitats
Based on a field study on biodiversity conducted in April 2018, (Environmental Zero Condition
Survey for the Vinča Landfill Site, Belgrade, Republic of Serbia, DVOKUT - ECRO doo, June 2018.), thefollowing habitats were found in the planned project area:
Anthropogenic habitats:- landfill body;- leachate canals and ponds;
Other anthropogenic habitat types.
- Semi-natural (extremely modified) habitat:- intermittent flows (streams);
Natural habitats:- Subcontinental shrubs;- Subcontinental shrubs and mosaically distributed grasslands.

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_________________________________________________________________________________________The habitats of the area surrounding the landfill (planned project protection area) are:-

Anthropogenic habitats:
Agricultural habitats
Another anthropogenic habitat types
Natural habitats:• freshwater lakes (oxbow lakes) with associated coastal vegetation;• alluvial forests;• oak forests.

The distribution of all habitats detected is shown in the figure below.

Figure 60 Map of flora habitats, based on data obtained during field research
Habitats on the landfill body
The landfill body was created over decades of waste disposal. Part of the landfill is still active,
other parts are partially covered by inert waste/soil. Vegetation, consisting mainly of different
species of grasses (Poaceae spp.), narrow-leaved plantago (Plantago lanceolata L.), broadleaf
plantago (Plantago major L.), Shepherd's purse (Capsella bursa-pastoris (L.) Medic.) and beet(Brassica rapa L.) began to cover the older parts of the landfill.

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Leachate canals and ponds
Leachate canals and ponds are located around the landfill body and occupy a relatively small space.
In several locations, small sections of reed beds developed, namely the Scirpo-Phragmitetum Koch
1926 association.
The vegetation at the edges contains dock (Rumex crispus L.), galium (Galium aparine L.),
hemmlock (Conium maculatum L.), turnip (Brassica rapa L.), common whitetop (Lepidium drabaL.) and grasses (Poaceae spp. )Agricultural habitats
In the part surrounding the landfill, large parcels of land are used to produce vegetables and fruits.
Some of the parcels have been abandoned since then, so there are four types of habitats:- orchards - in which different types of fruit trees were found: apples (Malus pumila Miller),
apricots (Prunus armeniaca L.), cherries (Prunus avium L.), cherries (Prunus cerasus L.), plums(Prunus domestica) and pears ( Pirus communis L.);- abandoned orchards, in which trees are cut or removed and slowly heal;- arable land and- abandoned arable land that is in various stages of succession.
Within the project area, most of the agricultural land has been abandoned, however several
orchards (south of the landfill body) are still being used.
These habitats, especially those that are still maintained, are under increasing human influence dueto the activities that take place. In addition to selective planting, some areas are maintained byburning or applying herbicides, as research has shown. This is emphasized because these practices
can have negative impacts on adjacent habitats.
Other anthropogenic habitats
This type of habitat includes various anthropogenic habitats that cover negligible areas and are notimportant for the conservation of biodiversity in the region. This includes other landfill
infrastructures, roads and terrain paths, landfill buildings and handling areas. These are poorly
permeable or vegetation-free areas.
This type of habitat also includes a nearby asphalt base nearby and a peacock farm (yard).
Landscaping around the landfill has introduced into the environment different plants of somehorticultural values, e.g. conifers. Along the paths and roads, nitrophilic ruderal vegetation wasformed, characterized by tall herbaceous plants: nettle (Urtica dioica L.) and common dock
(Rumex crispus L.).
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Occasional watercourses
The Ošljanski stream is classified in this study as an intermittent watercourse based on dataobtained from a topographic map (1:25 000) of the Republic of Serbia. The Ošljanski stream flows
below the landfill and connects with the leachate. Therefore, its vegetation on the bank is very
similar to that in the drainage canals. The vegetation on the bank consists of tall herbaceous plants,characteristic for the soil with nutrients enriched or disturbed: common dock (Rumex crispus L.),
galium (Galium aparine L.), hemlock (Conium maculatum L.), thistle (Arctium lappa L.). nettle(Urtica dioica L.). The Ošljanski stream is free of water vegetation. Particles of the invasive false
indigo bush (Amorpha fruticosa L.) species developed near the mouth of the Ošljanka pond.
Subcontinental deciduous shrubs
Subcontinental deciduous shrubs are the most widely distributed natural habitat in the planned
project area. It developed because the earlier used land was abandoned, which can be deduced
from the terraced, now overgrown slopes. Here, succession led to the development of grassland,followed by the development and spread of low shrubs, and in the later stages the formation ofwell-developed shrubs.
Depending on the location, dense, impenetrable groupings or shrubs developed, or as less densegroups alternating with grass.
The composition of the species is mostly homogeneous, mainly consisting of common dogwood(Cornus sanguinea L.), red hawthorn (Crataegus laevigata (Poir.) DC.) and blackthorn (Prunus
spinosa L.). West of the landfill the shrubby vegetation is very dense and completely covered thesoil, preventing the establishment of other plant species and impeding the migration of larger
animals. Other higher shrub species, such as white hawthorn (Crataegus monogyna Jacq.), fieldrose (Rosa arvensis Huds.) and barberry (Berberis vulgaris L.), are represented in different
percentages. Blackberry groups Rubus spp. are also regularly present. Occasionally smaller
specimens of tree species such as elder (Sambucus nigra L.), common hazel (Corylus avellana L.)
and Austrian oak (Quercus cerris L.) occur. Invasive species of false indigo bush (Amorphafruticosa L.) and black locust (Robinia pseudacacia L.) have a significant presence in all locations.
In some smaller parts, locust dominates the shrubby vegetation (e.g. north of the landfill).
Subcontinental deciduous shrubs/Pannonian grasslands
In the area southwest of the landfill, shrubs are less dominant and grass species, such as cat grass(Dactylis glomerata L.), false oat grass (Arrhenatherum elatius (L.) P.Beauv. ex J.Presl & C.Presl)and meadow grass (Poa pratensis L.), take up more space. Some of the other species present arecommon dock (Rumex crispus L.) and white clover (Trifolium repens L.).

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Freshwater ponds (oxbow lakes) with associated coastal vegetation
This habitat refers to Ošljanska pond (oxbow lake), located about 600 m from the landfill site.
These freshwater ponds are still partly associated with the Danube, i.e. their water is refreshed duringhigh water levels. This is significant because periodically, at least to some extent, the impacts of leachate
inflows can be mitigated.
During the field survey, due to the high level of the Danube watercourses, the oxbow lakes were poorly
accessible, which hindered detailed vegetation analysis. Ošljanska ponds have large areas under the
Scirpo-Phragmitetum Koch 1926 vegetation, i.e. they were observed during the study of the Phragmites
australis reed of considerable size.
These reed habitats are extremely important for maintaining biodiversity, as they are suitable for wetland
birds.The beds of the reeds are better developed on areas further away from the mouth of the Ošljanski
stream. So, in the area of the oxbow lake near the mouth, thick thickets of the invasive species of false
indigo bush (Amorpha fruticosa L.) developed.
Alluvial forests
The alluvial forest in the study area is located in the area around Ošljanska ponds. The vegetation classof Salicetea purpureae Moor 1958 contains willow forests on banks and willow-poplar forests distributed
along rivers - on river islands, banks, next to other freshwater bodies (e.g. wetlands, lakes). They are notbiogeographically determined, but uniform throughout Europe, determined by the period of the year
when their root systems are completely submerged underwater. The dominant species are white willow(Salix alba L.), white poplar (Populus alba L.), black poplar (Populus nigra L.) and gray poplar (Populus
x canescens (Aiton) Sm.). Shrubs and parts of the forest are alternately distributed around the Ošljanska
ponds.
Invasive species of flora
The planned area of the project is characterized by the presence of invasive plant species: locust (Robinia
pseudacacia), false indigo bush (Amorpha fruticosa) and tree of heaven (Ailanthus altissima). Both older(at least ten years) and younger (germinated) samples were found. The locust group occasionallycompletely suppressed local vegetation (for example, near the asphalt base and instead of some shrubs).
The false indigo bush was homogeneously present in areas with subcontinental deciduous shrubs andwas also significantly present in grasslands. Tree of heaven specimens have expanded mainly near paths,
but have also been found in other habitats.
Young ambrosia plants (Ambrosia artemisiifolia) were found in only one location near the northernedge of the landfill. As this species is known for its rapid dispersal in a disturbed environment, its
population is probably in the early stages of local invasion.
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Several specimens of gleditsia (Gleditsia triacanthos) have also been found near the Ošljanski
stream. This species has already been observed in Serbia and is occasionally locally invasive.
Its invasions have been particularly successful in alluvial forests. Due to the significant
degradation of the habitat in the wider area, it can be assumed that this species may have intense
invasive potential.
In the area of the oxbow lake in the vicinity of the mouth of the Ošljanski stream (in the protection
area of the project), thick thickets of the invasive false indigo bush species developed.
The invasive species discussed above: locust (Robinia pseudacacia), false indigo bush (Amorphafruticosa), tree of heaven (Ailanthus altissima) and ambrosia (Ambrosia artemisiifolia) have been
declared very invasive in Serbia. Disturbed natural environments (such as abandoned farmland,
abandoned grassland, polluted land) are vulnerable to invasion, which means that even faster
dispersion and population growth of these organisms can be expected in the future, posing a threat
to local biodiversity.
Oak forests
In the vicinity of the landfill area, oak forests have not been extensively developed today, i.e. they
cover limited fragments with significant areas of forest edges that fall into the shrub habitat
category described earlier. They are located southeast of the landfill. The main determinant speciesof tree species is Austrian oak (Quercus cerris L.), however the following elements are
predominant (mixed forest): field maple (Acer campestre L.), common hazel (Corylus avellanaL.), common dogwood (Cornus sanguinea L.), honeysuckle (Lonicera caprifolium L.), blackberry(Rubus spp.), field elm (Ulmus minor L.). As in other habitat types, invasive species are alsopresent in this habitat, such as locust (Robinia pseudoacacia L.).
Fauna and fauna habitats
During the field survey (Ecological Zero Condition Survey for the Vinča Landfill Site, Belgrade,
Republic of Serbia, DVOKUT - ECRO doo, June 2018), traces of wild boar (mud digging) were
found in the southern part of the planned project area of the Belgrade landfill in Vinča. Desirable
habitats for this species are well-developed forests, so this finding indicates that fauna individuals
occasionally use this area as food.
The landfill provides very good shelter and food source for large populations of different smallrodents such as mice (Mus spp., Apodemus spp.) and rats (Rattus spp.). The brown rat population
dominates the landfill relative to the black rat, which is the original species. A large number ofsmall mammals (mice and field voles) are present throughout the study area (within the planned
project and protection area).
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Significant populations of small rodents are the main source of food for the (Martes foina), which
has been observed to hunt on the southern border of the present landfill.
The most commonly distributed species of reptiles were the common wall lizard (Podarcis
muralis). These lizards are very easily visible in places under direct sunlight, such as natural andartificial vegetation-free areas. They were usually present in groups of up to five specimens. The
dense population of the wall lizard species was in the planned project area as well as in theprotection area.
This pattern is conditioned by the large diversity of insects associated with the landfill (forexample, Diptera species), which are an important source of food for lizards. Another species ofreptile recorded in the planned project area was the Lacerta viridis, which is a species that prefers
natural habitats such as shrubs and thickets.
The landfill offers adequately protected and wet habitats for species (Julidae sp.) and terrestrial
isopods such as (Porcellio scaber). Populations of Helicidae family snails are often found in places
shaded by vegetation. Various spider webs have been found in shrub-covered areas, with typicalrepresentative ones (Pisaura mirabilis).
The most common and largest group of insects present in the landfill are Diptera of the family
Muscidae, Calliphoridae and Sarcophagidae. The Diptera larval stages, known as worms, were theonly invertebrates present in the landfill waters of the landfill and in the Ošljanski stream, which
implies significant resistance of these organisms to the polluted waters.
The entire study area, and especially around the surrounding the Ošljanski stream, is inhabited bya large and diverse mosquito population, Diptera (Culicidae).
The second largest group of insects in the landfill, after the order of Diptera, were cockroaches(Blattodea) represented by two species of German cockroaches (Blatella germanica) andcockroaches (Blatella orientalis) that were very easily spotted in and around the landfill within theplanned project area.
A variety of flowering herbaceous plants and flowering shrubs provide feeding for nectar-feeding
insects. Nine butterfly species from the following families are present at the site: Hesperiidae,
Nimphalidae, Papilionidae, Pieridae, Licaenidae, Erebidae and Hesperiidae.
The common beetle found on flowering plants was (Cetonia aurata). The order of Hymenoptera
was represented by Apidae and Vespidae with significant dominance of the western honey bee(Apis mellifica). Some specimens of this order are also found on the body of the landfill. The order
Hemiptere was represented by three species from the families of Pirrhocoridae and Pentatomidae.
The most dominant species of this order was the firebug (Pirrhocoris apterus), which was very
easily detected due to its bright color and specific behavior (grouping of specimens).
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Small fragments of grassland were inhabited by ants (Formicidae) and nymphs of crickets(Tettigoniidae). Beetles of the Coccinellidae family have been found in plants infected with themembers of parasitic aphids.

Only two insects associated with wet and aquatic habitats were observed: one specimen of
damselfly (Lestidae) and one specimen of water beetle (Ditiscidae), but not associated with theleachate from the landfill.
During the bird survey at the Vinča landfill, 57 bird species were recorded (Bird Survey at the Vinča
City Landfill - Preliminary Report Prepared by Marko Šćiban and Nikola Stanojević of the Serbian Society
for the Protection and Study of Birds (DZPPS) in April 2018). Some species of birds use the body ofthe landfill for food and rest, while some species only fly in the study area.

Figure 61 Birdwatching points within the planned project area_______________________________________________________________________________________ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT STUDY

230

_________________________________________________________________________________________The most common species was the common gull (Larus ridibundus) with an estimated populationof about 3,000 specimens in the landfill. Other common species such as blue gull (Larus
cachinnans/michahellis), brown gull (Larus fuscus) and large crows (Phalacrocorax carbo) havealso been reported, but with significantly smaller populations.
Seagulls (Larus spp.), wstorks (Ciconia ciconia), common starling (Sturnus vulgaris) and species
from the crow family (Corvidae) are present in the vicinity of the landfill staff and waste disposal
vehicles. Kinds of predators kept some distance and spent most of their time in parts of the landfill
where waste disposal did not take place.
Birds of the Danube River and the oxbow lake of Ošljan Dead are characterized by the presenceof wetland species (such as Aithya nyroca, Spatula clypeata, Spatula querquedula, Mareca
strepera, Podiceps nigricollis, Microcarbo pigmaeus).
Species of flora and fauna of particular interest - endangered and protected species
For the purpose of conducting an environmental impact assessment study, a bird survey was
conducted in the aforementioned wider area of the Vinča landfill throughout the calendar year,
within 4 campaigns. Relevant ecological data on locally distributed species and specificities
associated with the subject area were collected.
The preliminary survey was conducted in April 2018 (Bird Survey at the Vinča Landfill,
Preliminary Report, Society for the Protection and Study of Birds, Novi Sad, April 2018, authors:
M. Šćiban, N. Stanojević). More surveys followed after: in September/October 2018 (Bird Survey
on the Landfill and Surroundings in Vinča in Belgrade during the Bird Migration from September
to October 2018, Preliminary Report, October 2018, Serbian Ornithological Action League,author: D. Simić) and December 2018 (Bird Survey at the Vinča Landfill and Surroundings in
Belgrade during December 2018, Preliminary Report, January 2019, League for Ornithological
Action of Serbia, author: D. Simić). In October 2018, available literature and field data weresummarized in the Review of Preliminary Bird Observations at the Vinča Landfill and Surrounding
Areas (published by Dragan Simić, League for Ornithological Action of Serbia).
Monitoring of bird populations continued during May and June 2019 (Bird Breeding Survey at the
Vinča Landfill in Belgrade in May-June 2019, Preliminary Report, July 2019, D. Simić, M.
Raković).

_______________________________________________________________________________________ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT STUDY

231

_________________________________________________________________________________________

Preliminary Survey April 2018
During the April survey, 56 bird species were recorded at the Vinča landfill. Many species actuallyused the landfill for feeding and resting, while some species were only recorded in passage, i.e.
flying above the study area. The most abundant species was the common gull (L. ridibundus) withover 6,000 individuals observed in the landfill which flew and rested on the Danube (OP6). Three
species attracted more attention than the others: the smaller brown gull (L. fuscus), of which lessthan 13 individuals represented one of the largest numbers of this species ever observed at the site(Šćiban et al. 2015); black-headed gull (L. melanocephalus), species believed not to be attracted
to the landfill and recorded only once in the locality, and black kite (M. migrans), species in thenational high-risk category and small population of which 1- 2 individuals spent considerable timein the locality, indicating possible multiplication in the vicinity. One newly recorded active nest of
the white-tailed eagle (H. albicilla) is in the protection zone. Seagulls, white storks, common
starlings and species from the crow family were feeding close to the landfill staff and operational
vehicles, while predator species kept some distance and spent most of their time in parts of thelandfill where no waste was deposited.
Flooded retentions found between the landfill and the Danube (Vinča pond) have not beensurveyed before, and its significance for the migration of waterfowl has not been established sofar. Several rare species and species of conservation importance (A. niroca, S. clipeata, S.
kuerkuedula, M. strepera, P. nigricollis, M. pigmaeus) were noted during this survey, indicating
the importance of this wetland for conservation.
September-October 2018 Survey
At the end of September and the first half of October 2018, 47 (+1) species were recorded in thelandfill and buffer zone, defined as an area 1.5 km away from the landfill. The most numerous
were the two dominant species of seagulls (marine and common) in small thousands, followed by
the common starling and the common wood pigeon in small hundreds, followed by 13 additional
species, recorded in the range of 10 to 99 individuals. Another 31 species were registered within
the range of 1 to 9 individuals. The number of white-tailed eagles in the early morning at Vinča
pond was particularly high, with up to 6 individuals. Most were too far away to determine theirage, but unlike the others which would fly, try to hunt or just fly away, the two birds sat side byside, motionless all the time, suggesting they were a territorial couple. Although heavily pollutedby the wastewater of the landfill, Vinča pond is generally the site of the most developed
biodiversity in the study area, where, among others, mute swan, norther shoveler, gadwall, mallard,
Eurasian teal, little grebe, Eurasian coot, dunlin, common snipe, marsh sandpiper, common gull,pygmy cormorant, great cormorant, gray heron, great white heron, little white heron,sparrowhawk, white-tailed eagle, common buzzard, common kestrel, along with various singing
birds, including recorded white wag tail (at the climax of migration, 20 individuals), as well as
mountain pipits (in the Balkans, it is a species of high mountains, common above the tree line).
_______________________________________________________________________________________ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT STUDY232

_________________________________________________________________________________________Southeastern slopes have a wide variety of habitats and therefore the greatest diversity of species.
As seagulls use the area as a flight corridor (and to a lesser extent Vinča pond as a resting place),
the total number of birds recorded in this area is close to that recorded in the landfill.
The number of species recorded in the landfill and northwestern slopes is half, or less than half, of
those recorded in the southeastern slopes. In terms of species and individual numbers, thenorthwestern slopes were the poorest area of the studied area.
Survey December 2018
In the mid to late December 2018, 31 species were recorded at the landfill and in the buffer zone.
The most abundant species was the common gull (up to 21,000), followed by the larus, gull-billedtern and blue gulls in their lower hundreds, followed by the rook and Eurasian teal with about 100
individuals. Several species deserve more attention in winter: (sea)gulls (all species) as a groupthat directly uses the landfill, mainly as a feeding and habitat area, recently increased numbers ofgray herons (5x) staying in the landfill, territorial white-tailed eagle in Vinča pond and numerous
mountain pipits that use the pond as a winter roost.

_______________________________________________________________________________________ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT STUDY233

_________________________________________________________________________________________

May-June 2019 Survey
A total of 51 bird species were recorded during the survey, 12 of which were protected and 37 strictly protected by national legislation (Strictly
protected wild species of plants, animals and fungi, 2010/2011). Four (4)of the recorded species have been included in the "Red Data Book of theFauna of Serbia III Birds" (Radišić et al., 2018), and one of them is at risk of extinction - the European turtle dove.
Of the total 51 species detected, of which 36 were recorded to multiply, 6 as possible multiplication species, further 22 species as probable formultiplication and finally 8 species as confirmed for multiplication. Another 15 species were observed in non-multiplication activities. A total of
224 breeding pairs were recorded. Of these, the seven most numerous species taken together had 156 pairs, or 69.4%. Taken separately, the twomost numerous species, the common sylvia warbler and the common nightingale, with 78 breeding pairs occupy more than one third, 34.8% of
the total number of active nests.
Table 32 Observed protected and strictly protected bird species and their layout generally within the planned project area
SpeciesNational
protection
status*Gray partridge(Perdix perdix)
Pheasant(Phasianus
colchicus)
CommonWoodpigeon(Columba
palumbus)
Collared Dove(Streptopelia
decaocto)
White
Stork
(Ciconia ciconia)

Apr-18On thebodyof thelandfillSouthwestof thelandfill
body

September-October 2018
Westof thelandfill
bodySouthwestof thelandfillbody

On thebodyof thelandfill

Northwestof thelandfill
body








December 2018
On thebodyof thelandfill

May
2019

June
2019

Landfill
complex

Bufferzone(greenbelt)

Landfill
complexLandfill
complex





























PROTECTEDPROTECTEDPROTECTEDPROTECTEDSTRICTLYPROTECTED_______________________________________________________________________________________ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT STUDY234

_________________________________________________________________________________________
Gray
Heron
(Ardea cinerea)
Great Cormorant(Phalacrocorax
carbo)
Black-headed
Gull(Chroicocephalus
ridibundus)
Black-headedgull(Larusmelanocephalus)
CommonGull(Larus canus)
LesserBlackbacked
Gull(Larus fuscus)
Black
kite
(Milvus migrans)
CommonBuzzard (Buteo
buteo)
Common Kestrel(Falcotinnunculus)
Eurasian
Jay(Garrulus
glandarius)
Common Magpie(Pica pica)
Eurasian
Jackdaw (Corvus
monedula)
Rook(Corvusfrugilegus)

PROTECTED

PROTECTED









PROTECTED











STRICTLYPROTECTEDPROTECTEDSTRICTLYPROTECTEDSTRICTLYPROTECTEDSTRICTLYPROTECTED











STRICTLYPROTECTED











PROTECTED









PROTECTED









PROTECTEDPROTECTED




























































_______________________________________________________________________________________ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT STUDY235

_________________________________________________________________________________________
Common Raven(Corvus corax)
Gray
crow
(Corvus cornix)
Great Tit (Parus
major)
Blue tit (Parus
caeruleus)
Farm
swallow(Hirundo rustica)
Long-tailed Tit(Aegithalos
caudatus)
CommonChiffchaff(Phylloscopus
collybita)
EurasianBlackcap (Sylvia
atricapilla)
Eurasiannuthatch (Sitta
europea)
CommonStarling (Sturnus
vulgaris)Songthrush(Turdusphilomelos)Black
redstart(Phoenicurusochruros)
Europeanstonechat(Saxicola
torquata)

PROTECTEDPROTECTED

STRICTLYPROTECTEDSTRICTLYPROTECTEDSTRICTLYPROTECTED



























STRICTLYPROTECTEDSTRICTLYPROTECTEDSTRICTLYPROTECTEDSTRICTLYPROTECTEDPROTECTED

STRICTLYPROTECTED


































STRICTLYPROTECTEDSTRICTLYPROTECTED_______________________________________________________________________________________ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT STUDY

236

_________________________________________________________________________________________
EurasianTree
Sparrow (Passermontanus)
White Wagtail(Motacilla alba)
Yellow wagtail(Motacilla flava)
Meadow
Blinkers (Anthus
pratensis)
Mountain
Blinker (Anthus
spinoletta)
CommonChaffinch(Fringillacoelebs)
Europeangreenfinch(Carduelis
chloris)Eurasian siskin(Carduelis
spinus)Common linnet(Carduelis
cannabina)
Hawfinch(Coccothraustes
coccothraustes)
Mute
Swan
(Cygnus olor)
Northern
Shoveler(Spatulaclypeata)



PROTECTEDSTRICTLYPROTECTEDSTRICTLYPROTECTEDSTRICTLYPROTECTEDSTRICTLYPROTECTED

































STRICTLYPROTECTED

PROTECTEDSTRICTLYPROTECTED

STRICTLYPROTECTEDSTRICTLYPROTECTED

STRICTLYPROTECTEDSTRICTLYPROTECTED_______________________________________________________________________________________ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT STUDY

237

_________________________________________________________________________________________
Gadwall (maraca
strepera)
Common Quail(Coturnix
coturnix)
Mallard(Anas
platyrhynchos)Eurasian
Teal(Anas crecca)
LittleGrebe(Tachybaptus
ruficollis)
Feral Rock Dove
(Columba livia f.
Domestica)
CommonWoodpigeon(Columba
palumbus)
TurtleDove(Streptopelia
turtur)CommonWhitethroat
Sylvia communis
LesserWhitethroat
Sylvia curruca
Barred Warbler Sylvia nisoria
Common Cuckoo(Cuculus
canorus)
Common Swift(Apus apus)

STRICTLYPROTECTED

PROTECTEDPROTECTED

PROTECTED

STRICTLYPROTECTED
















STRICTLYPROTECTED

STRICTLYPROTECTED

STRICTLYPROTECTED

PROTECTED

















PROTECTEDSTRICTLYPROTECTEDSTRICTLYPROTECTED_______________________________________________________________________________________ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT STUDY

238

_________________________________________________________________________________________
Eurasian Nightjar
Caprimulgus
europaeus
Eurasian
Coot(Fulica atra)
Dunlin (Calidris
alpina)Common snipe(Gallinago
gallinago)
Marsh sandpiper(Tringastagnatilis)
Black
stork
(Ciconia nigra)
Whiskered tern Chlidonias
hybridaYellow-legged
Gull(Larusmichahellis)
CaspianGull(Laruscachinnans)
Yellow-legged /CaspianGull(Larusmichahellis/cachinnans)Greatblackbacked
gull(Larus marinus)
Pygmy
cormorant(Microcarbo
pygmaeus)

STRICTLYPROTECTEDPROTECTEDSTRICTLYPROTECTEDSTRICTLYPROTECTEDSTRICTLYPROTECTEDSTRICTLYPROTECTEDSTRICTLYPROTECTED
















PROTECTEDPROTECTEDSTRICTLYPROTECTEDSTRICTLYPROTECTED_______________________________________________________________________________________ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT STUDY239

_________________________________________________________________________________________
Great white egret(Ardea alba)
LittleEgret(Egretta garzetta)
Eurasian
Sparrowhawk(Accipiter nisus)
White-tailed
eagle–(Haliaeetus
albicilla)
Little owl –(Athene noctua)Long-eared owl –(Asio Otus)
Europeanbeeeater(Merops
apiaster)Eurasian golden
oriole (Oriolus
oriolus)Eurasianwryneck (Jynx
torquilla)Great
spottedwoodpecker–(Dendrocopos
major)
SyrianWoodpecker(Dendrocopos
syriacus)
Great spotted /SyrianWoodpecker

STRICTLYPROTECTEDSTRICTLYPROTECTEDSTRICTLYPROTECTEDSTRICTLYPROTECTED















STRICTLYPROTECTEDSTRICTLYPROTECTEDSTRICTLYPROTECTED

STRICTLYPROTECTED

STRICTLYPROTECTEDSTRICTLYPROTECTEDSTRICTLYPROTECTEDSTRICTLYPROTECTED









_______________________________________________________________________________________ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT STUDY240

_________________________________________________________________________________________(Dendrocopos
major / syriacus)
Red-backed
shrike(Laniuscollurio)
Eurasian Hobby(Falco Subbuteo)
HoodedCrow(Corvus cornix)Barnswallow(Hirundo rustica)
Spottedflycatcher–(Muscicapa
striata)
European rrobin(Erithacus
rubecula)Black
redstart(Phoenicurusochruros)EurasianBlackbird(Turdus merula)
Water
pipit
(Anthusspinoletta)
House sparrow(Passerdomesticus)
Green sandpiper(Tringaochropus)
Commonnightingale

STRICTLYPROTECTEDSTRICTLYPROTECTEDPROTECTED





















STRICTLYPROTECTEDSTRICTLYPROTECTEDSTRICTLYPROTECTEDSTRICTLYPROTECTED

STRICTLYPROTECTED

STRICTLYPROTECTEDPROTECTED

STRICTLYPROTECTEDSTRICTLYPROTECTED_______________________________________________________________________________________ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT STUDY241

_________________________________________________________________________________________(Luscinia
megarhynchos)
Europeangoldfinch–(Carduelis
carduelis)
European Serin(Serinus serinus)

STRICTLYPROTECTEDSTRICTLYPROTECTED_______________________________________________________________________________________ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT STUDY242

_________________________________________________________________________________________

It is very likely that at least some species observed southwest of the landfill body or west of
the landfill body nests in this area, such as partridge (Perdix perdix), pheasant (Phasianus
colchicus), Eurasian magpie (Pica pica), great tit (Parus major), blue tit (Cyanistes caeruleus),
long-tailed tit (Aegithalos caudatus), common chiffchaff (Phylloscopus collybita), Eurasian
blackcap (Silvia atricapilla), common starling (Sturnus vulgaris), song thrush (Turdus
philomelaxos), Europeanstonechat (Saxicola torquata), field sparrow (Passer montanus),meadow pipit (Anthus pratensis), European greenfinch (Carduelis chloris), Eurasian siskin(Carduelis spinus) and the hawfinch (Coccothraustes coccothraustes). For other species, suchas the large crow (Phalacrocorax carbo), the habitats found in this area are not adequate forbreeding.
Two protected plant species were discovered at the border of the planned project area - gavez(Symphytum officinale L.) and small-leaved linden (Tilia cordata Mill.), and as individuals.
However, two species that represent the supporting elements of the shrub habitat within theplanned project area are protected - the hawthorn (Crataegus laevigata (Poir.) DC) and whitehawthorn (Crataegus monogyna Jack).

5.6. NOISE LEVEL IN THE ENVIRONMENT
The communal noise in Belgrade is mostly driven by traffic, while industry, small businesses,
construction and other activities are of minor importance.
During 2017, the measurement of communal noise in Belgrade was carried out in 2 cycles, at
35 measuring points in the city, selected in consultation with the Secretariat for Environmental
Protection. Measuring points were selected as representatives of individual urban areas ofdifferent purposes, as well as along the most important roads. Based on the measurement
results, it can be generally concluded that the measured communal noise levels were high(relative to the normalized values) over the observed period.
According to the measurement results (Source: Belgrade Environmental Quality for 2017, City
Administration, Secretariat for Environmental Protection, 2018), noise levels from 35
monitored locations exceeded the prescribed values at 28 measurement points (for day, evening
and night).
The measurement points according to the numbering given in the list of noise measurement
locations belong to the following zones:• points no. 1, 4, 5, 17, 18, 19, 24, 27, 27, 28 and 31 residential area (permitted levels forday 55 dB (A) and for night 45 dB (A));• points no. 6, 9, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 20, 21, 22, 23, 32, 33, 34 and 35 next to the traffic roads(day 65 dB (A), night 55 dB (A));• points 2, 3, 8, 10 and 16 in the city center area (day and evening 65 dB (A), night 55 dB(A));• points 7 and 30 in the industry zone (noise level should correspond to the level determined
for the zone with which the industry borders);• point no. 27 in the school zone (day and evening 55 dB (A), night 45 dB (A));• point no. 13 in the hospital area (day and evening 50 dB (A), night 45 dB (A));• point no. 11 in the recreation area (50 dB (A) per day, evening and 40 dB (A) per night).
_______________________________________________________________________________________ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT STUDY243

_________________________________________________________________________________________

The first measurement cycle
Residential area
No.
1
4
5
17
18
19
24
27
28
31

Measuring point
Juri Gagarin 259
Nemanjina 2
Zahumska 23
Gandijeva 55aRadojke Lakić 15 entranceII
Pohorska - Post of Serbia
Stevana Filipovića 32
Ugrinovačka 147
Perside Milenković 1
Hopovska 26

6
9
11
12
1
14
15
20
21
22.
23
32
33
34
35

2

8
10
16

Day
63
62
57
66
50

Evening
63
61
56
65
48

Night
55
57
55
59
40

61
61
63
24
46

62
68
61
24
53

58
56
58
24
46

Road traffic zone
Blagoja Parovića 82
65
Krivolačka - Dž Voždovac
59
Vojvode Mišića 43
65
Vojvode Stepe 66
64
Ustanicka - Dz Vozdovac
57
122 Despot Stefan
72
Boulevard
Zemun - Main,
68
Madlenianum TheaterKarađorđeva 23
73
Borča - Bele Bartok 26
56
Arsenija Čarnojevića
61
Goce Delčeva 1
66
Mirijevski bulevar 10
65
Nedeljka Gvozdenovića 54
64
Jovana Brankovića
64
Vojvođanska
67

City center area
70 Kralja Aleksandra
67
Boulevard
Kraljice Natalije 66
72
Uzun Mirkova 60
Ethnographic Museum
Dalmatinska 1
65
Jug Bogdanova 3
66

64
57
65
64
57
72
67
71
52
58
66
64
64
68
65

67

62

68
59

65
58

66
65

59
59

_______________________________________________________________________________________ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT STUDY244

_________________________________________________________________________________________

7
30

13

11

Industry zone
Kraljice Jelene 2264"Grmeč" Republic Geodetic
58
Authority

64

58

55

53

Zemun - High School

School zone
49

54

24

Clinical Center

Hospital area
58

56

53

45

38

Recreation area
Kalemegdan - Art Pavilion
46
of Cvijeta Zuzorić• Values that exceed the permitted levels for a particular zone
• Values below the permitted level for a particular zone

During the first measurement cycle in the residential area, noise exceeded the allowable level
for the day, evening and night at most measurement points. In this zone the measured levels
are higher than allowed by an average of 7 dB (A) per day, 8 dB (A) in the evening regime andin the night regime by an average of 12 dB (A).
In the area of traffic roads where noise measurement is carried out at 15 locations, the noiselevel at 8 measuring points exceeded the limit value for the day, by an average of 2.87 dB (A).
In the evening regime, the noise level averaged over 3.57 dB (A) at 7 measurement points. The
limit values for the night were exceeded by 12 measurement points, on average by 5.50 dB (A).
In other measurement points according to zones of purposes, which exceeded the permitted
levels, exceedances ranged from 0.7 dB (A) to 12.6 dB (A) for day and night.
The second measurement cycle

1
4
5
17
18
19
24
27
28
31

Residential area
Juri Gagarin 259
69
Nemanjina 2
64
Zahumska 23
59
Gandijeva 55a65
Radojke Lakić 15 entrance
46
II
Pohorska - Post of Serbia
66
Stevana Filipovića 32
61
Ugrinovačka 147
63
Perside Milenković 1
50
Hopovska 26
Road traffic zone

57
64
56
69
44

52
61
53
57
39

66
61
61
47
5

61
55
58
42
48

_______________________________________________________________________________________ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT STUDY245

_________________________________________________________________________________________

Blagoja Parovića 82
Krivolačka - DžVoždovac
Vojvode Mišića 43
Vojvode Stepe 66
Ustanicka - Dz
Vozdovac
122 Despot Stefan
Boulevard
Zemun - Main,
Madlenianum TheaterKarađorđeva 23
Borča - Bele Bartok 26
Arsenija Čarnojevića
Goce Delčeva 1
Mirijevski bulevar 10
Nedeljka Gvozdenovića
54
Jovana Brankovića
Vojvođanska Surčin

6
9
11
12
1
14
15
20
21
22.
23
32
33
34
35

2

68

67

61

58

58

52

65
61

65
60

62
56

68

66

61

70

70

65

66

65

62

73
51
66
65
65

72
50
65
65
64

68
46
62
59
60

65

63

59

64
65

63
63

59
59

City center area
70 Kralja Aleksandra
66
Boulevard
Kraljice Natalije 66
66
Uzun Mirkova 60
Ethnographic Museum
Dalmatinska 1
55
Jug Bogdanova 3
67

65

61

65

63

59

58

56
65

51
64

65

63

59

56

27

School zone
Zemun - High School
44

44

36

13

Hospital area
58

56

54

8
10
16

7.
30

Industry zone
Kraljice Jelene 22
66"Grmeč" - Republic
63
Geodetic Authority

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11

Recreation area
Kalemegdan - Art Pavilion48
of Cvijeta Zuzorić

46

39

In the second measurement cycle, the noise level in the residential zone exceeded the permitted
level at 7 measuring points for daytime as well as for evening regime, while at 8 measuring
points the limit values were exceeded in the night regime. In this zone, the measured levels arehigher than allowed by an average of 8.85 dB (A) per day, 7 dB (A) in the evening and 10.75
dB (A) per night.
The measurement results show that in the zone along the traffic roads the noise level was within
the permissible limits at only one measuring point in all three regimes, while at 5 measuring
points the noise level did not exceed the limit values in the day and evening regimes. Out of a
total of 15 measuring points in this zone, the night-time noise level was exceeded at 12
locations by an average of 5.91 dB (A).
In the central parts of the city, noise was within the permissible limits at all measuring points
in the evening regime, while at two locations the measured noise level did not exceed the limit
values in any of the three regimes.
Noise levels measured in the school and recreation area did not exceed the limit values.
Based on deviation of indicator L day , L evening and L night of the limit values in the firstmeasurement cycle and in the second cycle during 2017, it is concluded that at a large numberof measuring points the noise level exceeds the limit values with respect to the assumed
acoustic zone to which it belongs, for the night and evening and for the daytime regime.
Results of the zero condition test
To determine the zero condition, noise levels were monitored in the wider area of the Vinča
complex before the works on the plants planned started. Noise measurements were performed
in March 2018 at 10 measuring points by the City Institute of Public Health and in accordancewith standard methods and scope of accreditation.

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Table 33. Results of noise level measurements in the wider area of the Vinča landfill complex
Measurement results
Noise level
Designation ofequivalent
the measuring
measuredpoint
L AeqT [dBA]
NM7
65.9
NM6
75.1
NM4
41.3
NM5
44.9
ST3
39.3
NM1
50.3
ST6
51.6
ST5
45.9
ST2 (1)45.3
ST2 (2)
48.2
ST1-1
48.5
ST1-2
47.1

Figure 62. Spatial representation of measuring points for determining noise levels in thewider area of the Vinča landfill complex
In accordance with the Law on Environmental Noise Protection ("RS Official Gazette", No.
36/2009 and 88/2010), Regulation оn noise indicators, limit values, noise indicators assessment
methods, annoyance and harmful effects of environmental noise (Official Gazette of the RS,
No. 75/10) and the Rulebook оn the methods of noise measurement, content and scope of thenoisemeasurement reports (“RS Official Gazette” No. 72/10), it is estimated that:- The measured noise level of 66 dB at the NM7 measurement point EXCEEDS the 65
dB limit, outdoors, in daytime and evening mode. According to the Regulation, this measuringsite is located is in zone 5 "City center, craft, commercial, administrative zone with apartments,
zone along highways, main and city roads";_______________________________________________________________________________________ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT STUDY

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_________________________________________________________________________________________- The measured noise level of 54 dB at the measurement point ST6 DOES NOTEXCEED the 65 dB limit, outdoors, during the day and evening. Likewise, the measured valueof 48 dB at this measuring site DOES NOT EXCEED the 55 dB overnight limit. According to
the Regulation, this measuring site is located in Zone 5 "City center, craft, commercial,administrative zone with apartments, zone along highways, main and city roads";- The measured noise level of 54 dB at the measurement point ST5 DOES NOTEXCEED the 55 dB limit, outdoors, during the day and evening. Likewise, the measured valueof 43 dB at this measuring site DOES NOT EXCEED the 55 dB overnight limit. According to
the Regulation, this measuring point is located in zone 3 “Exclusively residential areas”;- The measured noise level of 51 and 50 dB (48-hour long measurement) at the ST1
measurement point does not exceed the 55 dB limit, outdoors, during the day and evening.
Also, the measured values of 40 and 37 dB at the measurement point does not exceed the 55
dB overnight limit. According to the Regulation, this measuring point is located in zone 3“Exclusively residential areas”;- The reference sites NM6, NM5, NM1, ST3 and ST2 are located outside the zoned areas.

5.7.
BUILDINGS,IMMOVABLECULTURALARCHEOLOGICAL SITES AND AMBIENT UNITSPROPERTY,

Within the project boundaries, a registered archaeological site of "Ošljane" is present, defined
as a cultural property, enjoying prior protection under the Law on Cultural Goods.
The figure shows a site containing the remains of a Roman-era veteran villa. The place islocated in the valley of the Ošljanski potok, west of the village of Vinča - Veliko Selo, on amild slope on the right bank of the stream. The location is known to archaeologists for
accidentally discovered Roman pottery. In 1975, the Museum of the City of Belgrade carriedout small-scale investigative research. Archaeological findings contain the remains of the villadating from the period of the second to the third century.
It is also important to stress that in the conditions issued by the Institute for the Protection ofCultural Monuments, the location of the archaeological site of Ošljane is spatially very
inaccurately displayed, without a clearly defined location of the described veteran villa object.
The question is where the discovered object is located within the defined zone.

Figure . Spatial location of the archaeological site "Ošljane"_______________________________________________________________________________________ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT STUDY249

_________________________________________________________________________________________For the purpose of testing and eventual recording of potentially new, until now unexploredarchaeological remains in the area of exploration, in the area of Vinča landfill, from February
9, 2017 to March 5, 2017, geophysical tests were carried out by the company Tehnohidrosfera
doo from Beočin.
The objectives of the proposed geophysical examination were: to discover potential
archeological objects at the sites where construction works were planned within the landfill
site, considering the proximity of the Vinča and Starčevo archeological sites, as well as to form
detailed orthophoto and 3D models of the wider landfill zone.
As part of the magnetometric method, a vertical inclination gradient mapping technique wasapplied at two locations ("Zone 1" and "Zone 2").

Figure 64 Spatial position of the two locations/zones at which magnetometric measuring
was performed
Legend:(Zona 1 – jugozapad) – Zone 1 – southwest(Zona 2 – severoistok) – Zone 2- northeast
A map of the distribution of vertical gradations of the total signal for location/Zone 1(southwest) was developed. The analysis of the high-frequency map of the part of the signal
revealed a small change in the geomagnetic field on the entire area of site / Zone 1. It was
concluded that there are no anomalies that may be relevant to this area of research.
The specified magnetometric data processing procedures were also applied to the site / Zone 2(northeast), a research area on the northeast side of the landfill. Analysis of the high-frequency
map of the part of the signal revealed a low intensity of geomagnetic field change over theentire site / Zone 2. This indicates the absence of significant anomalies that may be relevant tothis area of research.
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Figure 65 Total geomagnetic field intensity, Site 2 – Northeast

Figure 66 Total geomagnetic field intensity, low-frequency part of the signal,
Site 2 – Northeast
Legend: (Severoistočna strana) – northeast side_______________________________________________________________________________________ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT STUDY251

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Photogrammetric/morphometric measurements were performed on March 5, 2017, when it wasmoderately cloudy, which contributed to the high quality of the photographs.

Figure 67 Wider landfill zone in Vinča with drone trajectories shown during
photogrammetric measurements
The photogrammetric procedure was also applied by scanning the surface using a mapping
technique. A drone equipped with a high-resolution camera flew across the wider area of thelandfill. In the flight mode, it has taken 1,840 photographs. Through the synthesis of all
photographs and their software processing, an orthophoto image and a 3D model of the wider
landfill zone are generated. By analyzing the morphometric data, no recognizable forms andanomalies were observed indicating the existence of archeological objects in the investigatedterrain.
Based on the combined results of geophysical magnetometric and morphometric researches inthe exploration area of the Vinča landfill, it was concluded that there are no anomalies
indicating the presence of archaeological objects and materials.

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5.8. LANDSCAPE
The 5 km buffer zone can be considered as a narrower area of importance for the project inquestion. This is an area of a potentially significant visual contact with the components of theplanned project.

Figure 68. Landscape structure in the 5 km zone
The location of the Vinča landfill complex is located in a landscape of moderate value. Thisis a specific agricultural landscape strongly influenced by the natural heritage between theoutskirts of Belgrade and the Danube river. The location of the complex is existing and haselements of landscape degradation. Thus, it represents a negative visual appearance that isvisible in the immediate vicinity and from the agricultural territory on the east bank of the
Danube.
The planned tall buildings (especially the stack that is about 60.5 m high) will be the dominantlandscape element at the site in question.

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6.0.
DESCRIPTIONOF
POSSIBLE
SIGNIFICANTENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF THE PROJECT
Possible impacts before the construction process begin
The pre-construction phase includes activities such as: collecting basic data and conducting
investigative works, producing a draft of the project, issuing of permits (including obtaining
conditions), setting up of a project location (activities at the site, which precede the construction
works). Due to the type of project, no adverse impacts are expected during the pre-construction
phase.

6.1. POSSIBLE IMPACTS DURING THE CONSTRUCTION PHASE
Surface and groundwater and soil
The project site is located outside the boundaries of water protection (water protection areas
are those which have special conditions and prohibitions for protection of drinking water fromharmful effects) and flood areas, which makes this site suitable for all activities that are part ofthe project
Functional unit 1 is located on diluvial deposits (loess diluvium) that are dusty-clay-sandy andhave a dense structure and low permeability, and in which smaller amounts of water accumulate
periodically. Loess diluvium, which is hypsometrically dominantly covered by parts of theterrain with the function of a hydrogeological aquifer, is vertically watertight. Based on the test
and laboratory investigations, the results of the filter coefficients for the loess dilvium in range
Kf=1.34 x 10-6–5.98 x 10-8 m/s. No significant amount of groundwater accumulation is
expected in this medium.
Last monitored groundwater level was conducted from October 25, 2017 to March 30, 2018 on
piezometers relevant to the site of the EfW / BEP plant, the mean relative water levels (depth
from the surface to ground level) ranged from 17.90 to 28.00 meters.
Given the micro-location of the Functional unit 1, the distance from surface waters and flood
areas, as well as the relatively low groundwater level (for the period observed - from October25, 2017 to March 30, 2018) during the execution of construction works in Functional Entity
1, adverse impacts are not expected on the surrounding surface waterways and groundwaters.
The construction of an EfW and BEP plant may pollute groundwater and soil in the event ofan accident involving the spillage or leakage of oil and lubricants from vehicles andconstruction machinery. Negative impacts on land and agricultural land during construction
are mainly due to the irresponsible behaviour of construction workers and / or inadequateorganization of the construction site.

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Possible negative impacts on land and agricultural land near the construction site are as follows:- land degradation during excavation,- improper disposal of excavated material and soil, at and around the project site,- discharge of liquid substances (diesel fuels, lubricants) on site from construction
machinery or during their on-site maintenance / repairs, which are mainly due to theirresponsible behaviour of construction workers and / or inadequate organization of theconstruction site,- to cover a larger area of land than it is necessary for setting the foundation of future
construction, are some of the possible negative impacts on this environmental factor during theconstruction phase.
The negative impacts on the land can be prevented by a proper organization of the construction
site and compliance with the protection measures provided in the study.
Flora
The construction of new facilities (EfW plant, BEP plant, new roads, etc.) will cause local but
also a permanent conversion of the existing anthropogenic habitats, and some natural habitats
currently present at these sites, into new anthropogenic habitat types.
Natural habitat types (shrubs, grasslands, oak forests ...) are distributed outside the planned
project area, so their loss within the planned project area will not jeopardize their existence andfavorable status in the wider area.
Four species of flora, protected by national regulations, have been found in the planned area:
black comfrey (Simphitum Officinale L.), small-leaved linden (Tilia cordata Mill.), Red
hawthorn (Crataegus laevigata (Poir.) DC) and white hawthorn (Crataegus monogyna Jacq.).
These species are commercial species in Serbia, and are mainly used due to theirphytopharmaceutical properties.
Black comfey is a widespread plant in Europe, including the entire territory of Serbia. A
specimen was found within the planned project area during the period of compiling the zerocondition report. This plant is typical of various habitats such as wet grasslands, areas nearwatercourses, and wetlands near trails. Given the diversity of habitats suitable for this type ofplant and its widespread distribution in Serbia, it can be concluded that the removal of a
specimen within the planned project area would not pose a threat to the black comfey
population in Serbia. However, to reduce the overall impact of the project, a measure of moving
this plant to suitable habitat was planned by the project.
The area investigated is considered to be a marginal area of distribution of small-leaved linden,
located in the planned project area, as it is not typical of the Pannonian biogeographic region,but is widespread in most other European biogeographic regions and other locations in Serbia.
During the research, one specimen was found within the project area. Considering the diversityof habitats suitable for this species and its widespread distribution in Serbia, it can be concluded
that the removal of a specimen found within the planned project area would not pose a threat
to the population of small-leaved linden in Serbia. However, to reduce the overall impact ofthe project, a measure of moving the tree to a suitable habitat is foreseen by the project.
_______________________________________________________________________________________ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT STUDY255

_________________________________________________________________________________________

Species of red hawthorn (Crataegus laevigata (Poir.) DC) and white hawthorn (Crataegus
monogyna Jack.) Typical subcontinental deciduous species within the project area and thewider Vinča landfill area. This type of habitat is very well developed in the wider area, so theloss of specimens which are present in the planned project area will not significantly endanger
the population of these species in Serbia. However, to minimize the impact of the project on
the abundance of these species, they will be used during the formation of the green belt aroundthe project site.
Some protected species of flora, which has not already been mentioned, may be encounteredduring construction. However, given that a thorough ecological survey of the terrain and theprotected area has been carried out, new protected flora species are not expected. However, if
so, the competent authority must be notified.
Fauna
During construction, the present fauna will be disturbed by the noise, vibrations and more
frequent presence of humans. As all these types of impacts are already present on the site, their
disturbance will not change significantly compared to the existing situation.
Due to habitat alteration, current mammals, reptiles, arthropods (including protected insect
species) will change their distribution in search of more suitable habitats. Since suitable
habitats are present in the wider area and these impacts will include a small number of
specimens, this local impact will not endanger their populations.
Adult bird mortality is not expected to increase due to their mobility and adaptation of birds tothe movement of vehicles in the existing landfill. If active bird nests are present within theconstruction area, deaths are possible. Given the number of protected and strictly protected bird
species found on site, this impact should be mitigated by the removal of natural vegetation
before the bird nesting period starts.
The diversity of bird fauna (some of which are protected by national regulations) within the
project's planned area is largely related to habitat proximity to wetlands.
Protected natural resources
Due to the significant distances of protected areas from the construction site, the construction
phase will not affect them.

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Air
During the construction phase, there may be impacts on air quality due to exhaust emissions
from construction machinery and dust from the construction site, especially in dry and windy
periods.
As for dust emissions, with good practice, they can be reduced to a low level of significance.
As for the impacts from the exhaust gases, since these types of impacts already exist at the site,
they will not represent a significant change from the present and future state (work phase).
The additional traffic resulting from construction will mainly take place within the boundariesof the project, with occasional and temporary traffic outside them, to a lesser extent.
Noise
To predict the impact of noise during the construction phase of the project, 3D acoustic
modelling was performed (CadnaA software version 2018). Modelling integrates the following
parameters:- the topography of the terrain,- mobile noise sources on site (vehicles).
To model the noise levels caused during the construction phase, all noise data generated by theequipment, their level, spectrum and time activity are taken into account. The model results areshown in the following figures, with the calculation at two different heights: one at the heightof a man (Scenario 1) and one at the height of 4m (Scenario 2).

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Based on the modelling results, at selected locations (measurement points), the environmental
noise level during the construction phase ranged from 20.5-31.3 dB (A). Relative to realmeasurements made at the same measuring sites (noise measurement was carried out in March2018 at 10 measuring points by the City Institute of Public Health), the computational values
were always approximately 10 dB (A) lower.
LandscapeDuring the construction phase of the project, there will be a change in the existing landscapein the area intended for the construction of facilities and other contents in Functional Unit 1.
Cultural Heritage
Based on the combined results of geophysical magnetometric and morphometric researches inthe exploration area of the Vinča landfill, it was concluded that there are no anomalies
indicating the presence of archaeological objects and materials.
Infrastructure
The construction of the new facility requires the transportation and delivery of materials totrucks along the existing road network. Potentially poorly trained or inexperienced vehicle
drivers could increase the risk of an accident with other vehicles, pedestrians and equipment.
Construction vehicles, as well as private vehicles on site, also pose a potential risk of collision.
Potential collisions can overload the existing regional two-way road (Smederevski put).

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Worker transport is also expected, but this will cause less congestion. These impacts will betemporary and limited to the construction period. Possible impacts on traffic during
construction will be limited in time and space. With good traffic / logistics management, they
can be reduced to a low level of importance.
During construction, the elements of the water management system and / or energy supply may
be physically damaged due to an incident, which can potentially lead to negative effects (watersupply interruption, electricity delivery, etc.).
Waste
Environmental pollution caused by improper waste management may result from improper
disposal of construction and other wastes, or if improperly deposited and temporarily stored in
the environment. By properly arranging the construction site, all potentially harmful effects,
mainly related to inadequate disposal of waste, soil, construction waste, etc. will be minimal.
Different types of hazardous and non-hazardous waste will be generated during construction:- 13 02 waste engine oils, gearbox oils and lubricants- 17 01 concrete, bricks, tiles and ceramics- 17 04 metals (including their alloys)- 17 05 earth, stone and excavation material- 20 03 other municipal waste.
To prevent negative environmental impacts at the construction site, the generated waste must
be managed in such a way as to maximize its use on the site itself (ground filling, levelling,etc.), and the rest, and any generated waste must be handed over to authorized legal entities for
waste management. Depending on the type of waste generated, it should be handled inaccordance with regulations related to waste management.

6.2. POSSIBLE IMPACTS IN REGULAR OPERATIONWater
As the previous text of the study describes in detail the wastewater management system, bothwithin Functional Unit 1 and at the level of the entire Vinča landfill complex, here it will only
be pointed out that water from Functional Unit 1 does not flow directly into the recipient, theDanube River, and that all technological/leachate wastewater is in the recirculation system.
All other water (clean atmospheric from roofs and other clean surfaces, conditionally polluted
and treated atmospheric water, treated oily water, sanitary-fecal, etc.) is discharged through theinternal sewage network to the connection at the boundary with the planned Unit K3 and thento the appropriate lagoons and/or treatment within that Unit, before being discharged into thefinal recipient.
Based on the above and with the planned protection measures, no negative impacts on thesurface and groundwater are expected.
Soil_______________________________________________________________________________________ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT STUDY259

_________________________________________________________________________________________The potential contamination of soil inside, and especially outside of Functional Unit 1, depends
on the flue gas treatment system functioning, i.e. on the emission of powders from defined
emitters at the EfW plant and their deposition on (agricultural) soil. The planned/designed fluegas cleaning systems are efficient and comply with the law, therefore no significant impact on
the land is expected.
In the regular operation of the project, potential impacts on the soil are also possible due to thedispersal of waste from waste delivery vehicles, the separation of dust from handling surfaces,internal and external roads, etc.
Flora and fauna
Regular operation of the plant in Functional Unit 1 will have no negative effects on the flora,
fauna andLight emission may have adverse effects on birds and bats, but with the application ofprotective measures, these impacts will be minimized.
Air
In order to determine the project impact on air quality, air dispersion study was conducted,
taking into account:-Five-year detailed meteorological data,
Precise topography,
Full description of significant air pollutant emission sources (localization, flow andconcentration of pollutants, operating hours ...)

The cutting edge MSS model (Micro Swift Spray) was used for hour-by-hour modelling overthe entire year in order to calculate, on each cell of the area being modeled (12 x 9 kilometers,
50 meters step): mean, maximum and several percentiles for exceeding the threshold(depending on pollutants and relevant regulations).
Complete description of the MSS model and its selected parameters is presented in Appendix
20. The source description, depending on the operational phase (see appendix 7), is given in
Appendix 8. Given the worst case scenario, only situation 3 was modeled for further research:
this situation involves the nominal operation of all major sources (EfW plants, BEP, CDW,
flares, landfill) as well as maximum emissions from intermittent operations (mainly LTP).

Scenario

Worst
case

Scenario
3

Period
From
2022.
Until
2025.

EfW

BEP

Flare platform –Flare 1

Nominal
8200 hNominal8060 g

Temporary1402 h, nominal
8035 hPlant
Flareplatform –Flare 2
Temporary1402 hCDW

LTP

Landfill
operations

Nominal2080 hNominal
7900 hTrucks innewlandfill_______________________________________________________________________________________ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT STUDY260

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The following table presents the results for the “worst year”, obtained by modelling.

350

24 hours

125

1 year50

1 hour150

24 hours

85

1 year40

24 hours

50

1 year40

0.35

1 year20(phase2)

0.31

24 hours

5,000

1 year

3,000

0

55

1 hour350

24 hours

125

1 year50

1 hour

150

24
hours

85

1 year

40

24
hours

50

1 year40

PM 2.51year

20 (phase
2)

CO

24
hours

5,000

Baseline (µg/m3)
Pollutant

Maximum concentration in time and space(µg/m3)24 times ayear
3 times ayear

1 hourPM10

PM 2.5

Allowedexceedinglimit

IFC criteria (25% AQS)
Serbia AQS

NO 2

Serbia
AQS

Total concentration (µg/m3)
Mean period

SO 2

Mean
periodFrequency of exceeding (hour/year)

Pollutant

Number of exceeding (days/year)

Air quality standard and exceeding limit allowed(when applicable)[μg/m³]

Spatial maximum for mean annual value(µg/m3)

Table 34. Results of air quality modelling – the Operational phase,
The worst year, Scenario 3 (Source: ESIA, Egis, ver. 03)

SO 2

5

0
0.9

18 times a
year

3

352

NO 2

28.7
1.0
35 times a
year

0

9,6

69

PM10

CO

Benzene*1 year5Lead

24 hours

1

1 year0,5

1.57
0.000600.04

0.0012

1 year

3,000

Benzene*1 year

5

Lead

24
hours

1

1 year0.5

Note: Only pollutants with regulated concentrations of ambient air are included

All criteria are met. It should be noted that the benzene standard for Serbia is closed due to its
high baseline concentration, which represents more than 92% of this threshold. It should betaken into consideration that with the future development of the regulation on motor vehicle
emissions (to approximate EU standards), the value obtained in the baseline test, mainly causedby the movement of cars / trucks, will be increased. The contribution of the project is negligible.

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Figure 69. Modeled number of exceeding in terms of NO 2 concentration, hour-by-hour(Source: ESIA, Egis, ver. 03)
Particular focus was on dust dispersion and application of dust near the project. This topic
requires a different type of modeling, derived by calculating dispersion using ADMS 5 (UKequivalent of US-EPA Aermod, recognized as the alternative model to US EPA guidelines.
Meteorological data represent a five-year dataset from the nearest meteorological station(Belgrade Airport, “Nikola Tesla”, 2012-2016).

Topography is given by Copernicus Data and buildings are not considered for volume orsurface sources (ADMS limitation). The following maps show the estimated dust deposits andconcentrations of total suspended particles (TSP).
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Figure 70. Modeled TSP - total deposition rate,(Source: ESIA, Egis, ver. 03)
At off-site boundaries, the deposition rate is less than 1 mg/m2/s (less than 32 g/m2/year). Thisdeposit will be in the southwest part of the site, in a very limited area. This implies that thecontribution to the top soil will be low and the potential contamination with powders (whichmainly contain heavy metals from IBA sources) will be negligible.

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Figure 71. Modeled TSP concentrations, (Source: ESIA, Egis, ver. 03)
The mean TSP concentration does not exceed 50 mg/m3 in the immediate vicinity of the siteboundaries and it is goes quickly below the TSP concentration of 10 mg/m3 (less than 150
meters from the complex boundaries). Therefore, the impact will be limited and defined.
Unpleasant odors
On-site odor assessment was carried out by a survey of EGIS experts on and around the site,
on several different days (7 December 2017, 16 January 2018, 15 March 2018, 5 June 2018).
Using the sense of smell, the researcher concludes that the odor exposure is medium to large
at the landfill and small to negligible (from the boundary up to 200 meters from the complex
boundary).
Since housing is not in close proximity to the landfill (minimum distance is greater than one
kilometer), receptor sensitivity can be defined as low.
In conversations with people who were encountered during measurements and monitoring (air,noise, water), several of them described the inconvenience due to odor. Some of the smells canbe specifically attributed to trucks that bring fresh waste to the landfill complex.
The project in question envisaged the evacuation of air from the hall with a waste hopper tothe boiler plant. This air is used as the primary air for combustion of municipal waste in the
boiler so that the odor emission will be minimized. Municipal waste will be brought in trucks
specially designed for this purpose (closed vehicles) to avoid the emission of dust and odors
from vehicles into the air during transport.
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_________________________________________________________________________________________As the project envisages evacuation of air from the Reception Hall with the waste bin to theboiler (part of the primary air system), it can be reasonably concluded that there will be drastic
reduction of odor emissions around the Reception Hall, especially in relation to the current
situation.
Noise in the environment
To quantify the potential impact of noise produced by project in regular operation, modeling
was applied based on:-

initial ambient noise and noise level measured “in-situ” andestimated noise of future activities (calculated noise level)

The ambient noise impact of the project was calculated by 3D acoustic modeling (software
CadnaA, version 2018). Modeling integrated the following parameters:- topography- constructed facilities- existing noise sources- natural and artificial obstacles/barriers
The modeling results are shown in the following figures (day and night situations).

Figure 72. Sound propagation to environment in operation mode – day period_______________________________________________________________________________________ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT STUDY265

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Figure 73. Sound propagation to environment in operation mode – night period_______________________________________________________________________________________ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT STUDY

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Based on the modeling results, the environmental noise level during the regular operation phaseranged from 28.7-38.6 dB (A) at selected locations (measurement points). Compared to the realmeasurements made at the same measuring points, the computational values were always 1015 dB (A) lower.
In all sensitive places, the contribution of the project will be negligible and no threshold will
be exceeded due to the project contribution.
LandscapeMajor changes will occur as a result of the built structures of the EfW plant. Vinča landfill
complex is located outside settlements and roads. Due to the highland area, from the north,west and south, and due to the location in the stream valley, the visibility of the project will be
relatively small.
The zone of conditional visibility includes Belgrade suburban settlements (Veliko Selo, Slanci,
Mirijevo, Kaluđerica and Vinča) that surround the location of the landfill in Vinča, at a distanceof 1.5-3 km. Views from buildings in these settlements will be partially obstructed by relief,other buildings and vegetation, but it is likely that the EfW stack (about 60.5 m high) and theboiler house (about 55 m high) will be visible. Due to its height, the stack will be visuallyappealing point and a spatial feature.
Due to the relief conditions, i.e. flat terrain, it is possible that the EfW stack will be visible
from the settlements Starčevo and Omoljica, which are located on the left side of the Danube
at a distance of about 7 km east of the Vinča landfill site. However, the distances and dense
forests on the banks of the Danube woule reduce direct line of sight.
Some views of the landfill complex and the EfW plant, both from nearby and from a distance,
will be obstructed by the green belt. However, some objects, especially the stack, will be visible
from a distance, and this cannot be prevented due to the height of the plant.

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Access road
Currently, the total annual traffic from the existing landfill to public roads is approximately
135.348 vehicles and includes waste and fuel deliveries. According to available data, the future
traffic estimate is 143.959 vehicles, which includes waste and fuel deliveries, as well as reagent
deliveries and deliveries of materials sent from the site. Therefore, in line with the above facts,
it is expected that the future traffic (deliveries) will increase by approximately 6%.
Waste management
Environmental pollution caused by improper handling of waste can occur in the event of
improper site management or improper disposal of produced waste. Solid waste from flue gas
treatment, index number 19 01 07*, APCR containing dangerous substances, index number 19
01 13* and boiler dust containing dangerous substances, index number 19 01 15*, will be storedin silos specially designed for this purpose, thus preventing the release of APCR (powdermaterial) into the air before the solidification and chemical stabilization process.
The stabilized material will be in solid form, preventing release into the air and the process willbind heavy metals, preventing the penetration of substances into the soil and aquatic
environment.
All waste from the waste incineration process and operational waste will be selectively stored
in a facility equipped with a sealed floor, which prevents the ingress of substances into the soil
and aquatic environment, and with containers suitable for particular type of waste, after which
it will be transferred to legal entities with waste management permits required by the law.
The activities at the site likely expected to produce waste will be planned, designed andimplemented to first prevent the generation of waste or limit the amount of waste produced andtheir negative impact on the environment. In order to prevent negative environmental impacts
at the site, as well as the effects of the final waste disposal, all waste must be managed so thatmaximum material and/or energy is recovered or reused and the rest of the non-hazardous andhazardous waste must be disposed of through authorized legal entities.
Waste generated during operations such as office waste, packaging, hazardous waste, etc. will
be sorted, separated and, depending on the type of waste, further treatment will be carried out
in accordance with the regulations related to waste management.

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6.3. IMPACT OF THE PROJECT ON CLIMATE CHANGE
The impact on climate change is shown for a comprehensive project planned at the site of the
Vinča landfill complex, which contains three basic implementation phases:- construction of plants for energy utilization of municipal waste and landfill gas- construction of a new landfill and- closing, rehabilitation and reclamation of existing waste landfill
The potential impact of the project on climate change is directly related to the total greenhousegas (GHG) emissions. The GHG emission calculation shall take into account the emitted, used
and released quantities of these gases:- Direct emissions from:• EfW plants (from waste incineration and energy use)
• Equipment used on site (fuel use)
- Indirect emission from vehicles on site
- GHG emissions are reduced through energy recovery at the EfW plant:• Through the production of electricity,• Through the production of heat
Table 35. GHG emissions – (for the entire Vinča landfill complex)
Emitter

GHG

2015

2025

2035

2050

2075

Total

585999342754

44226

-

-

Captured

210075

33170

Released

132679

11057

Total

1879622100754423

3317

Captured

1216221326793317

2211

Released

66339

77396

1106

1106

120595120595120595120595

Location (electricity and fuel)

39587

39587

39587

39587

Avoided (electricity and heat)- 233767- 233767- 233767- 233767

12543314868- 72479- 72479

Old landfill

Newly
landfilldesigned

EfW

TOTAL

585999The project will have positive impact on greenhouse gas emissions, owing to electricity andheat production and significant reduction in CO 2 emissions from the old landfill. Hugecontinuous improvement of greenhouse gas emissions (due to landfill remediation, switching
to the emission control process and heat and power generation) will result in more than 11.4
million tons of CO 2 saved in global period 2025-2046. The mean annual GHG reduction isequivalent to more than 111.150 passenger cars a year or 247.400 acres of forest (Source: US
EPA GHG Calculator, September 2017).

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6.4. IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON THE PROJECT
The impact of climate change on the EfW plant was analyzed in accordance with the guideline(Source: Non-paper Guidelines for Project Managers: Making vulnerable investments climate
resilient) on how to increase the project's resilience to climate change. The aim of the analysis
is to determine the sensitivities and exposure of the project to primary and secondary climatic
impacts, to finally assess the potential risk of the project and, depending on the risk, to identify
and evaluate adaptation options to reduce the risk.
The analysis can be evaluated through seven modules shown in the table below.
Table 36. Modules in the climate resilience process
ModuleModule description

1
2
3
4
5
6
7

Sensitivities analysis
Exposure evaluation
Vulnerability assessment (incorporates Module 1 and 2 outputs)
Risk assessment
Identification of adaptation options
Appraisal of adaptation options
Integrate adaptation action plan into the project

According to the applied guidelines, Modules 1 to 3 are used to assess the vulnerability of the
project to climate change.
Following the analysis, it was concluded that all vulnerabilities were negligible and that nofurther measures were required, nor is required the use of modules 4 to 7 involving risk
assessment, identification of options for responding to vulnerabilities and risks, andmodification of the project concept.
According to the analysis, the project is not significantly vulnerable to the estimated primaryand secondary effects of the predicted climate changes.

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6.5. CUMULATIVE EFFECTS WITH OTHER PLANTS
The following Functional Units (K1-K5) are planned within the Vinča landfill construction
complex:
K1 - area for construction of facilities for municipal waste energy utilization;
K2 - platform for construction waste and construction waste treatment;
K3 - area for construction of new sanitary landfill for municipal waste (new landfill body);
K4 - reclaimed area (area of existing landfill body), supporting structure and internal roads
K5 - facilities used for sanitary landfill, municipal wastewater treatment plants, inert waste
landfill, internal roads and protective green belt.
The wider area of the Vinča landfill complex is mainly used for agriculture, however some ofthe parcels are now abandoned (there is agricultural land succession). The forests are reduced
to smaller parts of the forest and those in alluvial areas along the Danube. A small area ofagricultural land is located directly next to the landfill.
The asphalt production plant is located south of the landfill body (about 400 m). Larger
industrial areas are located in the western parts of Belgrade at a considerable distance. They
are 5 km southwest, west and northwest in relation to the landfill.
The high voltage block is located 3 km northwest of the landfill.
The most important industrial zone is located in the southern part of Pančevo. There is an oil
refinery, a chemical industry complex and a river port. In relation to the landfill, they arelocated about 8 km north-east, on the left bank of the Danube.
Considering all planned activities at the site of the entire Vinča landfill project and in theimmediate vicinity, it is not expected that the impacts of the project will be of such magnitude
that they can cause significant cumulative impacts with other plants.

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7.0. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT IN THE
CASE OF AN ACCIDENT
Hazards/accidents at industrial plants, as unexpected events with undesirable short or longterm effects on safety and human health and the environment, may result from natural risks at
the site, technical and technological risks, characteristics of raw materials, equipment,chemicals, products, intentional or unintentional external influences, but most often humanfactors.

7.1. NATURAL RISKSIn the wider area of the Vinča landfill, the following natural risks are possible: landslides,
floods and earthquakes.
Landslides
According to data from the Landslide Cadaster in Belgrade, unstable slopes, including areas
affected by active, calm and repaired landslides, cover an area of approximately 377 km2.
Large-scale landslide occurrences were observed in the area of hills and hilly terrain south of
the Sava and Danube rivers (on the Sava slope, in Duboko-Umka direction, in the narrower
urban area, on the right Danube slope (Karaburma, Višnjica, Vinča, Ritopek, Grocka) and at
the valley sides of the right tributaries of the Sava and Danube rivers.
Colluvial process was developed on the Danube slope. Landslides are mostly active and theirdepths are very large, i.e. exceed 10-15m. The landfill extension in this part of the field should
not be planned.
The landslide process in the Ošljanski creek valley is less developed, and the local landslides
are much smaller in size and depth (on average 3-5 m), and the scattering intensity is not large.
Four landslides can be distinguished in the subject area, including:
1. Landslide in the basin of the southern arm of the Ošljanski creek. Landslides are mostly
active. The estimated slip depth is about 3-5 m. Under conditions of inadequate technogenic
influence, the sliding process can be activated.
2. A landslide on the right slope in the lower part of the Ošljanski creek. This landslide issomewhat larger in terms of the affected area and somewhat more complex, however, it iscalm in natural conditions. Inadequate technogenic influences can reactivate the process.
3. The landslide at the site “Todorovic Vineyard” (north of the existing landfill) is in one
small part an active landslide, while in most of the terrain there are no clear traces of earlier
movements. As with previous landslides, inadequate operation can also cause the sliding
process to reactivate.
FloodsThe Vinča landfill is located 1.6 km west of the Danube River. The closest surface water
stations to the project area (located on the Danube River) are: Zemun, Pančevo and Smederevo.

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_________________________________________________________________________________________The table below shows the maximum levels of the Danube River at the stations closest to the
Vinča landfill.

Station
Zemun1Pančevo2
Smederevo1

Table 37. Maximum recorded water levels
Level “0” (m)Maximum recorded Maximum water level
water level (cm)expressed in meters
above sea level
67.87
783
75,7
67.33
777
75,1
65.36
845
73,8
1 – Period 1972 – 2016, 2 – Period 1992 – 2016

The lowest part of the Vinča landfill is located at about 85 meters above sea level, which isabout 10 meters higher than the maximum water level evacuated in the wider observation area,
so it can be concluded that there is no risk of flooding.
Earthquakes
Based on the presented seismic hazard maps (Source; www.seismo.gov.rs), according to themacroseismic intensity parameter, the territory of the city of Belgrade is in zone VI-VIII MCS(Merkalli scale).

7.2. EXTERNAL RISKS
External risks of relevance to the locality of the project are related to deliberate action aimed
at causing extensive material damage and/or endangering human lives (terrorist act) or as aresult of a “domino” effect caused by an accident at other industrial facilities in theenvironment.
Based on available data provided to the Ministry of Environmental Protection by the operatorof Seveso plants/facilities, it was determined that there are no Seveso plants/facilities within
the area covered by the Detailed Regulation Plan (DRP) of the Vinča sanitary landfill, while in
the territory of the city of Belgrade, to which the city municipality of Grocka belongs, there arelarge number of Seveso facilities, but the effect of potential chemical accidents in them does
not pose a danger to the area within the DRP. On the contrary, the area covered by the said
Detailed Regulation Plan may be endangered by the effects of a chemical accident from theterritory of the neighboring city of Pančevo, in the worst-case scenario of an accident at theSeveso plant of HIP “Azotara” doo.
The area covered by the DRP of the Vinča sanitary landfill is in the zone of toxic ammonia
clouds, which represents possible result of the worst case scenarios established by thiscompany, partly for the immediately dangerous to life or health IDLH concentration (300 ppm
of ammonia) over a 30-minute exposure period and partly for a concentration of 0.1 IDLH (30ppm of ammonia) over a 30-minute exposure period.
This accident scenario is at grade IV - regional accident level, and the probability of occurrenceis estimated to be low (4.7x10-7/yr.). HIP “Azotara” doo Pančevo has adopted the Decision on
approval of the Safety Report and the Plan of accident protection (5 August 2016), which_______________________________________________________________________________________ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT STUDY273

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describes the identified accident scenarios, accident impact zones and prevention measures by
the operator for accident prevention.

7.3. TECHNICAL AND TECHNOLOGICAL RISKS
The technical-technological risks at industrial plants are related to the wear of the installed
equipment, fatigue of material and technological process. The project in question is being
implemented with new, certified equipment, proven, conventional technological procedures inaccordance with the best available techniques, thus the mentioned risks are minimized.
Nonetheless, technical-technological risks are always present in all industrial plants, including
EfW and BEP plants with associated facilities within Functional Unit 1.

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Accidents due to present substances
The following table lists all the substances present in Functional Unit 1, with a description of the site in process, estimated quantities and risks, atthe EfW and BEP plants.

No.

Plant

Substance

OriginLocation

Characteristics

Quantity

Risk offire

Risk ofexplosion

1

EFW

Municipal waste

Municipal waste

Hopper

Thermal capacity, from6.000 kJ/kg to 12.000
kJ/kg

Hopper capacity 6.714
m3

X

2

EFW

IBA

IBA

IBA plateau

Slag off the grid

Around 4.700 m3 (maxcapacity 9.100 m3)

3

EFW

AtmosphericwatersIBA

IBA plateau

Atmospheric watersfrom IBA plateau

Lagoon 800 m3, +inflow pool 260m3

4

EFW

Diesel fuelMain fuel tanks

Operatingplatform

Fuel for process
purposes

Two tanks 60 m3 each(120 m3)

X

X

5

EFW

Diesel fuel

Fuel tankIn the container

Daily tank for DEA

Around 2 m3

X

X

6

EFW

Diesel fuel

Fuel tankIn the turbine hall

Daily tank

Around 2 m3

X

X

7

EFW

Diesel fuel

Fuel tank

For PP pumps

Daily tank for two
pumps

Around 2 m3

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8

EFW

Urea
(NH 2 CONH 2 ,40% solution)

Tank

DeNox plant

Liquid substance

Tank 45 m3

9

EFW

Charcoal(powdered)

Silo

Outdoor silo

Powdered charcoal

110 m3

10

EFW

Milk of lime,
Ca(OH) 2

Silo

Outdoor silo

Hydrated lime

200 m3

11

EFW

APCR

APCR silo

Outdoor silo

Flue gas treatment
residues

2 silo 200 m3 each

12

EFW

Nitrogen

Nitrogen highpressure bottle

Next to baghousefilterInert gas

2 bottles 150L each

13

EFW

Oil (control)

Control oil ingenerator andturbineTurbine hallLiquid substance

1 m3

X

14

EFW

Oil (forlubrication)

In generator andturbinelubrication
system

Turbine hallLiquid substance

12 m3

X

15

EFW

Hydrazine
hydrate (20%solution)

Water
preparation

Plastic barrel,
Water treatmentplant

To remove oxygen fromthe boiler feed water

150L

16

EFW

Trisodium
phosphate,(Na 3 PO 4 )Water
preparation

Plastic barrel,
Water treatment
plant

Boiler corrosion
inhibitors

150L

17

EFW

Antiscalantsolution

Preparation ofdemi water

Plastic barrel,
Water treatment
plant

Anti-foaming

100L

X

X

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18

EFW

Hydrochloric
acid

Water
preparation
plant

Plastic barrel,
Water preparationplant

For neutralization

1 m3

19

EFW

Sodium bisulfite,
25% solution

Preparation ofdemi water

Plastic barrel,
Water treatment
plant

Dechlorination of RO
filters

100L

20

EFW

Sodium chloride

Preparation ofdemi water

Water preparationplant

For water softening

4 barrels 200L each

21

EFW

Softener

Preparation ofdemi water

Water preparationplant

For water softening

4 containers 350L each

22

EFW

Hydrogen

TOC monitoring

Process gas
emission control
containerGas

2 bottles 50L each

X

23

EFW

Calibration gas

Monitoring ofgas emissions
on the emitter

Process gas
emission control
containerGas

2 bottles 50L each

X

24

EFW

Fly ashAPCR silo

APCR fly ash
stabilization

Powdery substance2 silos 100 m3 each

25

EFW

Cement

APCR silo

APCR fly ash
stabilization

Powdery substance

1 silo 100 m3

26

EFW

Drain water

APCR
stabilization

APCR fly ash
stabilization

Landfill Leachate waterused to mix with APCR
and Cement

2 tanks 30 m3 each

27

EFW

Transformer oil

110/11kVtransformer

OutdoorTransformer oil

Tank around 1 m3

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28

EFW

NOVEC 1230,
pressurized gas

Automatic fire
extinguishingsystemPer design

Gas

Around 28 bottles 150L
each

29

EFW

Lubricants

Equipment

Lubricant storage

Lubricant for engine
bearings

Optionally

30

EFW

Ethylene glycol,
solution

Cooling system

Warehouse forchemicals

Antifreeze

200L

X

31

EFW

Oil (hydraulic)Hydraulicsystems

Warehouse forchemicals

Liquid substanceAround 1.300L

X

32

BEP

Charcoal(granular)

Silo

Outdoor silo

Solid substance3 silos 10 m3 each

X

33

BEP

Transformer oil

Transformer

OutdoorTransformer oil

2 tanks 1 m3 each

X

34

BEP

Ethylene glycol,
solution

Cooling system

Outdoor container

Liquid substance

1 tank 1,5 m3

35

BEP

Oil (motor)

Motor plant

Outdoor container

Liquid substance2 tanks 1,5 m3 each (fornew and waste oil)

36

BEP

Urea
(NH 2 CONH 2 ,40% solution)

Urea dosing
system, SCR
DeNox

Outdoor container

Liquid substance

1m 3 plastic container

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Based on the table and reported types and quantities of hazardous substances and the Rulebook
on the List of hazardous substances and their quantities and criteria for determining the type of
document produced by the seveso industrial installation or complex operator (“Official Gazetteof RS” 41/10, 51/15 and 50 / 18), Functional Unit 1 does not store hazardous substances(defined by the Rulebook) in quantities that define the installation as a “higher order”
installation, that is, a high-risk installation.. Based on the prior notification on the types andquantities of hazardous (seveso) substances and chemicals present or found in the plant, it is
the responsibility of the Project leader to contact the competent Ministry for determining theobligation for the type of SEVESO document produced for the industrial installation inquestion.
The storage of the substances shown in the table is defined in detail in the project and technicaldocumentation in accordance with the professional regulations and rules.
Generally, all technical gases are shipped in standard steel bottles from an authorized supplierand returned after use. Wire cages with a canopy are used for the storage of the bottles,
protected from direct sun exposure and uncontrolled access.
Liquid substances are stored in warehouses, closed facilities, in suitable packaging (e.g. indouble- walled tanks for the energy-generating product / fuel, IBC containers, metal / plastic
barrels, etc.), as well as silos for liquid reagents (e.g. urea solution). Liquid substances
packaging is stored in appropriate facilities such as reinforced concrete bundwalls (for fuel),
reinforced concrete hopper (for raw materials / waste), warehouses, workshops, utility rooms,
etc.
All hydrotechnical facilities such as tanks for receiving oil (under the transformer), tanks forreceiving waste water (process and oily), separator of grease and oil (oil pit), etc. are of
reinforced concrete and watertight, as well as open air plateaus (e.g. plateaus for ripening anddepositing slag in the IBA zone).
All powdery and easily suspended substances (from flue gas treatment plants - APCR, reagents- hydrated lime, activated charcoal) is stored in aboveground steel freestanding silos.
All silos for the storage of powdery substances are standard with appropriate associated bag
filters to prevent emissions of powdery substances during the filling.
Waste Delivery Accidents
The municipal waste delivered to the EfW plant will be transferred through the inlet hopper
directly into a thermo-process hopper with a capacity that allows continuous operation for up
to 5 days. Deliveries of waste will be managed between the EfW plant and the landfill residues
to avoid reaching the maximum capacity of the hopper. Therefore, even in the event of a failureof the thermal processing installation, it is still possible store the waste until the plant isrestarted.

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Accident at gas purification system installations
Due to the absence of moving / rotating elements in the process, there is a low likelihood of an
accident occurring at flue gas treatment systems at the EfW plant and at landfill gas treatment
systems at the BEP plant, In the event of an accident of any element of the installation (e.g.
reagent dispensers, fans, gas analyzer, etc.), the plant will automatically execute a controlledshut -down (stopping waste dosing and gas flow).
Bag filters are separated into 8 compartments: If a delay / accident is detected in the dust
collection / transport system OR if the exceedance of output concentrations in the continuous
emission monitoring system is detected, then the compartment in which the problem has
occurred can be isolated by silencers (for example, baghouse puncture or a clogged dust
collector). filters or clogged dust collector). The load of the EfW plant can be reduced to adjust
the flue gas flow after one or more baghouse compartments are closed.

7.4. FIRE RISKA crash accident that may occur during the regular operation of an EfW plant is a fire that is
associated with a long waste time in the waste hopper (e.g. longer periods of operation of theplant with reduced waste incineration capacity, downtime / failure of cranes with grapples,etc.).
The lower layers of stored waste can create conditions for anaerobic fermentation and methane
generation, the stored waste may also contain flammable components and the like. These
conditions can lead to the formation of mass inflammation in the lower layers of waste.
To avoid this situation, the hopper will be equipped with a digital thermal camera to monitor
the waste layers in the hopper in specific cycles. The hopper fire extinguishing system is basedon a water and foam system. It is planned to equip the hopper with an automatic extinguishingsystem, which can cover the waste layer with foam.
The extinguishing system will ensure:- distribution of sprinklers in such a way as to provide coverage of the entire surface ofthe hopper,- the ability to control fire extinguishers from the control panel located in the control
room,- the capacity of the fire extinguishing tank with the appropriate substance (foam) willallow the fire extinguishing activities to be maintained for at least 120 minutes,- The roof of the hopper has a smoke extraction system installed (fire and emergency
ventilation) installed.
- Fire sprinklers will also be installed in the hopper directly through the waste feeder.
Fire risk is also present in other parts of the EfW plant (boiler room, turbo plant, transformers...) as well as at BEP plant.

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The fire can also be the result of human error or malfunction of equipment used in plants. Steps
should be taken to avoid such a threat: by training employees in the field of fire protection,
safety and occupational safety, by protecting equipment from unauthorized access, and fullcompliance with fire safety regulations.
It should be noted that when extinguishing a fire, environmental standards against pollution do
not apply. This is an emergency where every effort must be made to minimize potential losses
in human lives and material goods.
The risk of water generated during fire extinguishing (firewater)
Land and surface water may be at risk of firewater. The planned ways of managing firewater
are as follows:-

firewater in the waste hopper and unloading area will be collected inside the hopper.
The waste hopper is watertight in order to eliminate the risk of contaminated water
entering the soil and aquatic environment,- drainage of water from the interior of the building and the outer plateau for flue gas
purification treatment will be carried out by drainage canals and sewage network to thewaste water pit, and if this pit is filled, it will be discharged into the lagoon for leachatewater (which is outside the Functional unit 1 and is a part of another project),- the firewater drainage system from open areas outside buildings (except the plateau forflue gas purification) will be directed with atmospheric waters to the atmospheric water lagoon(which is outside Functional unit 1 and is a part of another project).

7.5. RISK OF HUMAN-CAUSED ACCIDENTS
Statistically, most of the crash accidents occur due to human errors caused by insufficienttraining, unclear operating procedures and / or negligence. In order to prevent these situations
and avoid or reduce possible injuries at work, it is necessary to:--

Perform appropriate training and testing of operators of plant and equipment,
Define clear procedures for working on equipment and handling inconsistent work of
the plant and equipment with short operational instructions for handling emergency
situations,
Prohibit the eating and alcoholic beverages in the workplace as well as working under
the influence of alcohol, drugs and certain medications at the plant,
Define transport routes and place appropriate notification, warning and prohibition
signs on roads, critical points in the plant and workplace,
Limit the speed of movement of the vehicle in the functional complex,
Provide employees with necessary protective equipment and install cabinets with basic
first aid supplies,
Conduct periodic controls on the application of the defined instructions for operating
the plant, etc.

If the prescribed measures for using personal protective equipment observed, the risk to thesafety and health of workers will be minimal.
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8.0. DESCRIPTION OF THE MEASURES PROVIDED FOR
THE PREVENTION, REDUCTION AND REMOVAL OF THE
HARMFUL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT OF THE PROJECT
8.1. MEASURES PROVIDED FOR BY LAW AND OTHER
REGULATIONS, NORMS AND STANDARDS AND DEADLINES FOR
THEIR IMPLEMENTATION
Legislation and EU directives governing waste management, waste incineration and emissionof pollutants into the environment are numerous and are partly presented in the section
presenting the documentation used for the project study.
The implementation of the provisions arising from the legislation is binding on the Project
Leader, regardless of the protection measures provided in this study.
Also, guidelines for the project in question are also binding and derive from EU directives,
BAT reference documents, international conventions and agreements to which the Republic of
Serbia is a signatory.
Environmental measures arising from laws, regulations, standards and other documents, on
which the preparation of project technical documentation is based, are defined by theconditions of the competent authorities and institutions.
The implementation of the project in accordance with the revised and adopted technicaldocumentation, with the control and supervision of the competent administrative bodies, also
ensures the implementation of environmental protection measures arising from legal
regulations, standards, norms, etc.

8.2. MEASURES TO BE TAKEN IN THE EVENT OF AN ACCIDENT
There are many types of measures to be taken in the event of an accident and can be categorized
as follows:-

Accident prevention measures
Accident preparedness measures
Accident arrangements andAccident remediation measures

These measures are dealt with in great detail by documentation prepared by the operator of theseveso-plant, in accordance with the legal regulations which is binding on the Project Leader
after the construction of the plant.

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Based on the above, the Project Leader shall:
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Comply with technical documentation in all stages of realization, especially for therealization of the fire protection project
Develop procedures and operational instructions for dealing with accidents
Train workers in handling accidents situations
Develop appropriate emergency response schemes
Designate those responsible for taking steps in the event of accident
To visually mark places with hazardous substances with appropriate signs to inform
about, warn against and prohibit certain activities at critical places in the plant
Perform proper installation for the supply and distribution of water for fire protection
Perform appropriate stable fire extinguishing installation (external and internal hydrant
installation) in accordance with the project
To carry out other suitable fire extinguishing installations (drencher and sprinkler
system as well as inert gas extinguishing system) in accordance with the project
Set manual and transportable mobile extinguishers for first signs of fire in accordancewith the project
Perform appropriate installation to control the leakage of flammable and explosive
gases
Perform proper video surveillance and smoke and flame detection installation with asound- light signal alarm
Set appropriate central for fire alarm and fire response
Test the knowledge of employees in the field of fire protection in accordance with thetraining program approved by the competent MIA body
Occasionally, in accordance with the training program, conduct trainings and exercises
simulating accident situations
Regularly service mobile fire extinguishers for first signs of fire and check the safetyof the hydrant network. Inspection and service must be performed by authorizedcompanies
In the event of a small-scale fire / accident, immediately respond with suitable installed/ set equipment. This is the obligation of all employed persons at the place of accident,
except in the case of danger to their own life
Evacuate highly flammable materials from the area affected or likely to be affected byfire
In the event of an accident, use all available extinguishing agents and means forpreventing the spreading of fireIn the case of large-scale fires, activate a stable fire extinguishing system and notify thecompetent authorities of the accident.
If it is assessed that the fire cannot be safely contained and extinguished with existingmeans and forces, immediately inform the competent MIA - Emergency Sector;
Upon assessment of the situation, the responsible person shall also inform otheremergency services (ambulance), Poison Control Center, competent republicauthorities, local self-government bodies and the local population, in accordance withthe adopted procedure in case of accident-act on the orders of professional services when they arrive_______________________________________________________________________________________ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT STUDY283

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It is obligatory to monitor basic environmental factors during the accident
After an accident, make a report of an accident with mandatory measures to prevent thesame or similar accident from happening again
Depending on the extent and consequences of the accident, monitor affectedenvironmental factors post-accident
It is the responsibility of the Project Leader to provide the means for recovery after theaccident and for any consequences in accordance with the established accident recovery
project
The project documentation envisages a Fire Protection System consisting of thefollowing:• Water tank,• Water pumping stations,• External and internal hydrant networks,• Installations with spray water.
Supply of water for extinguishing is provided by:• from two 685m3 tanks with a constant flow of water,• via "B" connection type for fire extinguishers from fire trucks.
Water distribution is foreseen through the fire protection pumping plant
The pumps are sized to satisfy the most unfavorable quenching zone while operating
both external and internal hydrant networks.
Two pumps with a diesel engine with a capacity of 11,350 lit / min (3,000gal / min) areplanned for continuous operation of the sprinkler installation for a duration of 120
minutes.
The hydrant network of the plant is annular designed to meet the water supply of max.
2269 l / min for simultaneous operation of external and internal hydrant network.
In order to increase the safety and efficiency of fire extinguishing and to protect
equipment vital in the process, installations for automatic fire extinguishing of water
are envisaged in the following facilities: the hopper, the boiler room building, turbine
building and fire water pumping station.
The project envisages a stable fire-fighting installation with water as a fire extinguisher
with automatic and manual activation.
A sprinkler system and a drencher system have been adopted for fire protection in thefacilities. In the whole area, which is to be protected against fire, a pipe line is planned:• with sprinkler nozzles under the ceiling of premises,• with drencher nozzles for structural protection,• with sprinkler nozzles to protect equipment,• with three fire extinguisher monitors in the hopper.
• automatic inert gas extinguishing system is provided in power plant facilities(transformers, critical electrical equipment)
All roads, turnovers and plateaus to be used in the event of the need for intervention offire trucks are planned in accordance with the current Rulebook on technical standards
for access roads, turnovers and landscaped plateaus for fire trucks in the vicinity offacilities at increased risk of fire (”Official Gazette FRY”No. 8/95):
The facilities will be protected by an internal hydrant network and / or appropriate fire
protection according to their contents.

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The facilities will be provided with fire protection with all the necessary mobile
firefighting equipment.
- A small number of people works in the facilities, and regardless of this fact it is planned
that employees or visitors can be evacuated safely from each facility.
- Walls and materials will be selected in accordance with applicable fire protection
regulations.
- Where appropriate, container type facilities (at BEP plant) will be covered by fire
detection and methane explosive concentration installations.
- Installation of hand-held portable fire extinguishers for first signs of fire is planned at
appropriate locations.
- The fire alarm system consists of a central unit, automatic detectors, manual detectors,
input / output modules, alarm sirens with flashes and installation cables.
- Manual fire alarms are also provided for direct alarm.
- Containers of BEP plants are included in installations for detecting fire alarms anddetecting explosive gas concentrations with a notification to the central unit at the EfWplant.
- The fire control panel and the gas control panel of the BEP plant are networked withthe fire control panel in the EfW plant.
In accordance with the ATEX Directive, which is transposed by the Regulation on Preventive
Measures for Safety and Welfare at Work Due to the Risk of Explosive Atmospheres ("Official
Gazette of the RS", No. 101/2012), appropriate ATEX certified electrical and mechanicalequipment must be installed in hazardous areas with a certificate of product conformity, in
accordance with the Rulebook on Equipment and Protective Systems Intended for Use in
Potentially Explosive Atmospheres (Official Gazette of the Republic of Slovenia, No. 1/13).

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8.3. ENVIRONMENTAL PLANS AND TECHNICAL SOLUTIONS
During the development of the project, many environmental measures have already been
integrated into the Project itself. In addition, in order to reduce or avoid negative impacts, aswell as to improve positive impacts, in this chapter, due to the complexity of the project, theplanned protection measures are given in tables.
Project preparation phase
Given the complexity of the Project, it is the responsibility of the Project Leader to comply
with the provisions of national law, the guidelines given in the EU Directives and to apply
the BAT provisions in the conception of the project and in the selection of equipment.
National legislation is defined by laws, regulations and rulebooks, among which are thefollowing basic areas of application:-planning and construction of facilities
environmental protection
protection of safety and healthprotection of nature and biodiversity
protection of cultural heritage
protection against fire and crash accidents
protection of air, water and soil

In the project preparation and realization phase, it is the responsibility of the Project Leader
to ensure any conditions from the competent authorities and institutions.
In all subsequent stages of project development, the requirements and guidelines given for
the technical project documentation in the terms of the competent authorities and institutions
must be complied with.

Pre-construction phase - site construction
Water and soil
- Provision of temporary facilities for construction site workers (offices) is foreseen- A sufficient number of chemical toilets are to be provided as well as their emptying by anauthorized company.
- Containers for municipal and other types of waste and packaging are to be provided as wellas their regular emptying.
Landscape and noise- Determine areas - green area that should not be used during the construction phase.
- Mark the area, and if necessary enclose the space (deep pits) where the construction will takeplace.

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Construction phase
Water
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Protective foils, tubs, etc. should be placed on all the plateaus where accidental
leakage of liquid substances can be expected.
On all plateaus and places where accidental leakage of liquids (diesel fuel, oil,chemicals, etc.) can be expected, appropriate drains towards the strainer and / orgrease and oil separator..
Store petroleum products required for the operation of machinery in storage facilities
intended for that use to prevent any leakage, in accordance with regulations..

Soil and agricultural soil
- Provide an area for depositing excavated material and soil within the construction site.
- Perform site planning on the site
- Ensure organized movement and manipulation of vehicles and work machines within
the construction site, with minimal use of green areas.
- Refuel vehicles and construction machinery at designated locations.
- Keep vehicles and equipment in good working order to prevent oil and fuel leaks.
- Provide equipment / material for the collection and disposal of possibly spilled
petroleum products.
- Dispose of the contaminated adsorbent using suitable packaging and treat it ashazardous waste.
- Potentially contaminated soil must be stored separately from clean soil.
- Apply mitigation measures to protect water.
Biodiversity-

Natural vegetation removal in the planned project area should be carried out strictlyfrom early September to late February to protect the fauna of birds nesting on the site.
Plants belonging to protected species of hawthorn (Crataegus laevigata (Poir.) DC) andwhite hawthorn (Crataegus monogyna Jack.) will be used to form the green belt.
The cover of natural vegetation must be preserved wherever possible, especially byusing a minimum area for operation / manipulation.
All highly invasive species present in the project area should be removed.
Regularly remove highly invasive species from all areas if they occur (especiallyambrosia (Ambrosia artemisiifolia).
All necessary protective measures must be taken during the execution of works, in thecase of occurrence of strictly protected species.
It is forbidden to intentionally kill and capture strictly protected species and disturb the
species during the breeding and nursing periods.

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Air
Noise
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Putting up effective barriers around works producing dust or around site boundaries
All vehicles should turn off the engines in the event of prolonged breaks
Wash or clean all vehicles before leaving the construction site
All cargo entering and leaving the location must be covered.
Transportation vehicles must meet the best local standards for exhaust emissions.
Use water to "bring down" the construction site dust, especially in summer and duringwindy periods.
Minimize activities that produce clouds of dust.
Take excess soil off site.

Turn off the engines during work breaks and when the machine is not directly
involved in construction works

Landscape- Use green area on the construction site as little as possible. Restore potential damage togreen areas not planned for site activities.
- After the completion of the construction phase, the land returns to its original state andthe green surfaces should be planted in accordance with the greening project.
- During excavation, the surface layer of soil will be separated, and in later stages used
for the rehabilitation of the terrain after the completion of works.
Traffic and transport- Develop a traffic management plan on and off site. Provide temporary alternative accesspoints to the complex as needed.
- Plan truck routes to avoid traffic jams - "rush hours “- It is necessary to place warning and notification signs along the truck traffic route.
- Trucks carrying bulk material (soil, sand, gravel, etc.) must be covered with tarpaulinto prevent it from being spilled during transport.
- Before leaving the construction site, especially in the rainy season, it is mandatory to
remove mud from the wheels.
Waste- The waste generated during construction will be sorted at the location (municipal,
plastic, cardboard, metal, hazardous waste etc.), using appropriate packaging (bags,
bins, containers).
- Establish a temporary plateau at the construction site to set up appropriate packaging
for the generated waste.
- Ensure the regular removal of generated waste from the construction site.
- Hire legal entities with the appropriate waste management permit for the removal ofgenerated waste from the construction site.
- Construction site waste management is the responsibility of the contractor.

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Regular operation phase- Provide a system for monitoring and keeping records of all incoming waste by type andquantity.
- Provide a system for monitoring and keeping records of all emissions from the complex.
- Provide a system for monitoring the basic environmental factors.
Water- Buried diesel fuel tank must have a double wall and the bundwall must be made ofwatertight reinforced concrete.
- The bundwall must be of sufficient volume to accommodate the total amount of fuelstored.
- In accordance with the design, in all areas where liquid leakage may occur (diesel fuel,oil, chemicals, etc.), appropriate drains must be installed with drainage for treatment in
the strainer and / or grease and oil separator,- Separators / strainers for grease and oil separators should be regularly maintained /emptied.
- The contents of the oil and grease separator should be managed by the Operator withthe appropriate permit to manage this type of waste.
- All surfaces where liquid substances (oil derivatives, chemicals, etc.) are expected tobe handled must be concreted or asphalted.
- On these surfaces, an adequate collection and discharge of water to the designed
treatment system should be provided.
- Due to occasional large daily rainfall, the condition of the bordering canals should bemonitored and regularly maintained.
- Atmospheric, unpolluted water is to be discharged via adequate sewage outside thecomplex in accordance with the project.
- Atmospheric, potentially contaminated water is to be discharged with appropriate
sewage for treatment in accordance with the project.
- Industrial waste water is to be discharged with appropriate sewage for treatment inaccordance with the project.
- Sanitary fecal water is to be discharged for treatment.
- In accordance with the project documentation, unpolluted atmospheric water andtreated technological wastewater are to be maximally used by means of a recirculation
system.
- Proper monitoring of all water flowing into the natural recipient should be insured.
- Monitoring of the recipient water should be provided.
- An authorized and accredited laboratory / legal entity should be entrusted with themonitoring of the water.
- All buried objects, as well as parts of buried objects, should be made of waterproof
concrete.

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Soil and agricultural soil
- Regular inspections of surface water drainage systems are necessary to ensure that
surface water does not accumulate at the site and spill over into the surrounding soil.
- Provide adequate adsorbents for the collection of spilled liquids (petroleum products,
chemicals, etc.).
- Provide suitable packaging (e.g. metal barrels) for receiving contaminated adsorbent.
- Handle contaminated adsorbents as hazardous waste materials, in accordance with thereport on the previously performed characterization of this type of waste, in accordancewith the law.
- Provide a place for temporary disposal of packaging containing the collected hazardous
waste.
- The collection of the generated waste should be entrusted to a legal entity with anappropriate waste management permit.
Biodiversity- Regularly remove highly invasive species from all surfaces if they reappear.
- External light sources should be directed downwards, i.e. be pointed at the working
areas.
Air-

The discharge of gases, vapors and aerosols into the atmosphere is done throughdefined emitters, in accordance with the project.
- Prior to discharge into the atmosphere establish appropriate waste gas treatment
systems in accordance with the project.
- The project envisages systems for reducing PM, NOx and GHG emissions into theatmosphere.
- Equip all defined emitters with a measuring point (for sampling) in accordance withlegal regulations / standards.
- Provide adequate air monitoring on all defined emitters.
- Entrust air monitoring to an authorized and accredited laboratory / legal entity.
- Provide an air evacuation system above the waste receiving hopper and its treatment
to reduce odors.
- Store bulk materials (lime, activated carbon, etc.) in silos, in accordance with the
project.
- The silos must be equipped with their own system (filter) at the top, to reduce theemission of powdery substances.
Provide reduction of diffuse emission of dust from the complex by applying water spray tanks,
especially in dry and windy periods
Noise- Shut off the engine of the delivery van on the complex during breaks and longer
standing.
- Provide adequate personal protective equipment for all the employees who are in
active contact with noise sources.
- Provide suitable enclosures, anti-vibration washers and sound insulation onequipment that is a significant source of noise and vibration.

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In facilities with noise-transmitting equipment, keep the door leading outsideclosed.
Limit the movement speed of vehicles outside the complex.

Landscape- Within the green space, it is necessary to remove and replace damaged or dry
vegetation with the same specimen of the species, in accordance with the green
action project.

Traffic and transport- Follow the Traffic Management Plan on and off the site.
- Organized and controlled movement of vehicles must be within the defined routes.
- Place vehicle speed limit marks at the complex.
- It is obligatory to wash the wheels on waste vehicles and other delivery vehicles
in the exit zone before going on a public road.
Waste
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Develop a Waste Management Plan.
Waste generated during work, such as office waste, packaging, hazardous waste,etc. is sorted at the point of origin.
Depending on the waste type (non-hazardous/hazardous), dispose of it properly ina suitable packaging.
Store waste packaging on the defined surfaces and in facilities (depending on thetype of waste), in accordance with the Waste Management Plan.
Solid waste from combustion gas treatment, index no. 19 01 07 *, APCR
containing dangerous substances, index no. 19 01 13* and boiler dust containing
dangerous substances, index no. 19 01 1*, store in silos intended for this purpose,to prevent the emission of APCR (powdery substance/ fly ash) into the air before
the process of solidification and chemical stabilization.
Clinker from the bottom of the boiler plant is temporarily stored on a plateau in
the IBA zone, pending the construction of a landfill for the residues resulting fromwaste treatment at the EfW plant.
Keep waste chemicals in their original packaging and store them together withchemical packaging in the hazardous waste facility / room.
Special waste streams should be stored in accordance with the legislation and the
Waste Management Plan.
The project envisages a laboratory for the control of waste to be incinerated in the
boiler plant.
Waste control also includes checking of the waste documentation, the owner ofwaste, the type, quantity, and the report on the waste that is to undergo thermal
treatment / incineration, etc.
The report on examination of the waste that is to undergo thermal treatment isdeveloped by the authorized and accredited laboratory, in accordance with thelegislation.
If the waste delivered for incineration does not correspond to the “permitted” types
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zone“planned at the Vinča landfill complex, but outside the boundaries of the
Functional Unit 1.
- The waste from the quarantine zone that does not meet the conditions forincineration is returned to the owner of that waste.
- The monitoring system must include the production of biogas and leachates andtheir treatment in accordance with the applicable regulations and good industrial
practices.
- The structural stability and watertightness of the top cover system should be monitored
regularly.
- Due to the possible high volume of daily precipitation, the condition of the perimetercanals should be monitored and regularly maintained.
- Regular inspections of surface water drainage systems are required to ensure that thesurface water drainage is not accumulated at the site.
- Provide adequate adsorbents to collect any spilled liquids (petroleum products,
chemicals, etc.).
- Provide adequate daily coverage of land-filled waste to prevent the dispersion of lightfractions from the landfill body (dust, paper, bags, etc.) and reduce rainwater
infiltration.
- Surplus land from excavation works will be reused at the site.
- In order to prevent seagulls from gathering in large numbers and feeding at the site, theactive areas of the new landfill should be covered on daily basis.
- Regularly check the compactness of the enclosure around the landfill to prevent large
mammals from entering the project site.
- Regularly remove highly invasive species from all surfaces if they reappear.
- Mowing at the landfill complex should be done only once a year to allow for successionof natural grassland communities and to prevent seagulls from using this area as aloafing habitat.
- Enable the development of high herbaceous vegetation wherever possible (near roads,
canals, lagoons).
- The covered areas of the active new landfill, which will not be used for at least a month,should be planted with a mixture of fast-growing grass.
- Flue gas parameters should be monitored regularly and in accordance with thelegislation.
- Monitor gas collection and combustion systems to control and prevent gas loss.
- Effectively cover and use the material placed on the received waste to prevent odours
from spreading.
- Provide adequate personal protective equipment for all the employees who are in active
contact with noise sources.
- Within the green space, it is necessary to remove and replace damaged or dry vegetation
with the same specimen of the species.
- The wheels on the vehicles are to be washed in the landfill reception/control area before
entering a public road.
Technology risk
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_________________________________________________________________________________________-In the initial phase, draft a project of preparatory works with the mandatory section
relating to fire protection and safety measures and occupational safety and healthmeasures.

Construction phase- Train the workers on the procedures in the accident situations (leaking of oil
derivatives, chemicals, powdery substance cloud, fire, etc.)- Provide adequate adsorbents for the collection of liquids (petroleum products,
chemicals, etc.) in case of spillage.
- In the event of an accident, remove the contaminated soil and treat it as hazardous
waste.
- Prevention of erosion of protective slopes / slants.
- Prevention of occupational injuries by adequate organization of construction
materials (collapsing of the construction materials on the workers, etc.).
- Proper storage of the material that is prone to falling, rolling, etc.

Regular work phase- Set up appropriate notice boards, warnings and bans on certain activities (e.g.
smoking bans, mandatory use of personal protective equipment, danger of highvoltage, high temperatures, etc.).
- Design and implement a video surveillance system.
- Design and implement gas, smoke and fire detectors at critical locations in theplant.
- Design and implement an automatic fire extinguishing system.
- Design and implement a sound and light alarm system.
- Design and implement a system of external and internal hydrant network.
- Install mobile initial fire extinguishers in critical locations, in accordance with the
project.
- Maintenance of the fire protection equipment by authorized companies.
- Mobile fire extinguishers must be easily accessible.
- Install first aid cabinets.
- Develop an Accident Protection Plan, in accordance with the type of documentation
developed by Seveso plant operators.
- Develop a fire protection project.
- Provide roads for fire trucks.
- Provide escape routes in the event of an accident / fire and a safe meeting place.
Social aspects
Project preparation phase- Resettlement Action Plan and Livelihood Restoration Action Plan have beendeveloped.
- The implementation of the Action Plan is the responsibility of the City of Belgrade.
Construction phase- Prevent or reduce impacts from construction sites on the surrounding households /settlements.
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_________________________________________________________________________________________-The Action Plan defines the briefing of the companies and waste collectors about
the expected onset and duration of each phase of the project.
Encourage contractors to hire local workforce.
Identify seasonal workers and ensure that their position is not less favourable
compared to that of other workers performing similar functions.
Place the entry ban and other warnings at the entrance to the construction site invisible places.

Regular work phase- Provide educational material and increase awareness on waste management.
- Organize panel discussions with the stakeholders (population, local communities,
NGOs...) and familiarize them with the risks, the protective measures applied, thebenefits of the project, etc.
- Ensure cooperation with the local health care facility.
- Provide worker / employee complaint mechanisms.
- Prohibit the entry of unauthorized persons, citizens and especially children.
- Provide basic vocational training program and special courses for workers /employees.
- Train the workers on "good neighbourhood" policies to avoid causing distrust in
the operation of the project.
Technical solutions
The selected technical and technological solutions are in accordance with the recommendationsof the BAT reference documents, as discussed in Chapter 3.3.
Water-

Conditionally unpolluted atmospheric precipitation will be discharged into the internal
system of mainly open channels for receiving atmospheric precipitation throughout the
Vinča complex, directed towards the clean water lagoon located on the landfill
complex.
- The water from clean water lagoon is used to wet the surfaces of the complex to reduce
dust on the complex.
- Technologically and atmospherically contaminated water is collected in the leachate
and recirculated within the EfW plant process, while the excess will be treated in theleachate treatment plant before it is discharged into the effluent stream.
- Sanitary-sewage (foul) wastewater is treated at the wastewater treatment plant locatedat the landfill complex.
- All surfaces where liquid leakage may occur (diesel fuel, oil, chemicals, etc.) are madeof concrete / asphalt with the adequate drainage to the grease / oil precipitator / separator.
- The EfW plant is designed to maximize water reuse.
- In the event of large daily volumes of precipitation, the wastewater lagoon will beconnected to the leachate lagoon at the landfill where the wastewater will be treated.
- Industrial wastewater is also used in the APCR (fly ash) stabilization process. Allprocess / industrial water is in the leachate recultivation system.

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_________________________________________________________________________________________- The project does not envisage the discharge of effluent from the EfW plant into thenatural recipient, but will be collected through the process wastewater network at several sites
within the plant and reused in the process.
- Several receiving pits / lagoons are foreseen for the collection of contaminatedwastewater from the EfW plant:• IBA (incinerator bottom ash) receiving lagoons, with the capacity of 60m3
• IBA lagoon, with the capacity of 800 m3• Waste water pit, with the total capacity of 330 m3- The wastewater lagoon will collect the following wastewater:• wastewater from a water treatment plant;• water from the boiler, which is discharged from the condensate tank and the tank withatmospheric precipitation into the pit (a part of the condensate from the tank is returnedto the cycle);• waste water resulting from the floor washing in the process areas (including boiler
house, turbine hall, water treatment plant area, etc.)• atmospheric precipitation from the reagent storage area, fly ash storage area and fromthe flue gas treatment area, where ash, APCR or reagent presence is possible.
- The wastewater basin consists of several zones: sedimentary chambers, with thereceiving unit for flow equalization, recultivation chambers and storage chambers(buffer).
- The water intended for reuse will be transported by pump from the recultivationchamber to the following consumers in the process:• bottom ash extractor (for ash cooling purposes) and• combustion system, APCR.
- Under normal operating conditions, all wastewater will be consumed / recultivated at
the EfW plant.
- The clean water from the process (the concentrate from the water treatment plant andfrom the water and steam sampling system) is discharged into the sewage network andfurther discharged into the atmospheric precipitation lagoon (cleanwater lagoon) at thelandfill complex.
Air
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A vertical waste incineration boiler with the optimized energy utilization and NOx
reduction in the boiler furnace has been selected.
NOx reduction system from waste gases contains the following:• The system for transferring 40% of the urea solution from the truck to the urea
storage tank.
• Urea solution tank.
• The pumps for transporting urea solution from the tank to the boiler furnace.
• The demineralized water system, which is used to dilute the urea solution and flush
the system.
• The compressed air system used to spray urea solution and to cool injectors.
• The injection system, which injects urea solution into the boiler furnace.
At the EfW plant, the waste combustion is carried out in combination with an SNCR
(Selective Non-Catalytic Reduction) system that also significantly reduces NOx
emissions.

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In air heaters, most gases released from the waste are immediately oxidized at hightemperatures when mixed with the residual air from the furnace.
The consumption of the urea solution is controlled so that the NOx emission level is
kept at a constant temperature within the permissible limits.
Solidification and Chemical Stabilization Plant: the APCR silo, the cement silo and thesilos for the solidification process will be hermetically sealed to prevent air emissions.
Each silo will be equipped with filters to prevent dust emissions.
The activated carbon silo used in the waste gas treatment process will be hermeticallysealed.
The silo is equipped with the filter to prevent dust emissions.
IBA process: IBA (ash and clinker from the bottom of the boiler plant) will be processed
directly after cooling with water.
The treatment of IBA with high moisture content reduces the emission of dust and odors
into the air.
A baghouse filter is provided to reduce the emission of powdery substances.
The incinerator debris removed by baghouse filters still contains components of
unreacted lime. Part of the dust from the baghouse filter is returned to the reaction
channel, thus maximizing the recirculation of the reagent / lime used.

Waste
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The planned areas and the facility for temporary storage of all generated waste types(non-hazardous and hazardous), outside the boundaries of the Functional Unit 1.
- The "quarantine" procedure has been put in place to reduce the risk of the "unexpected"
waste. The suspicious waste is sent to the quarantine zone. This area is used forsuspected non-compliant waste (prohibited waste), outside the boundaries of the
Functional Unit 1.
- The quarantine procedure includes the following steps and is defined by the following
procedure:• Identification of suspected waste on the weighbridge.
• Identification of radioactivity in the control area, which is outside the boundaries of
the Functional Unit 1• The open dump can be checked in the control area by having a worker on theweighbridge inspect the waste (visually) or by using video cameras.
• Random checks will be carried out on site, especially of the waste going to the EfWplant.
• The identification of suspicious waste at the EfW (Waste hopper) facility.
• The prohibited types of waste, which may be present in the waste hopper, may bechecked by the operator visually from the crane or on installed video cameras from thecontrol room.
Biodiversity- The location of the entire Vinča landfill complex will be fenced with a suitable wire
fence to prevent medium and large animals from entering the complex.
- The greening of the area will be carried out in accordance with the Green Action
Project.
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_________________________________________________________________________________________Creating protective greenspace
The protective greenspace is not in the strict sense the subject of this study, but in order tomitigate some of the negative impacts of the plants and associated facilities in the Functional
Unit 1, it is also one of the technical protection measures. The protective greenspace:-

mitigates the visual effect in the immediate vicinity of the complex
stabilizes the land
prevents unfavourable air currents on the complex
depreciates horizontal wind gusts
reduces spreading of the dust from plateaus and internal roads
reduces the level of noise generated from the complex

The protective greenspace in the Functional Unit 1 shall be realized in accordance with theExterior Design Project.
The Project envisages smaller areas for greening, while the larger green area, in the form of aprotective belt, is anticipated around the complex.
Two-row seedlings and a lawn are foreseen in the parking lots.

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_________________________________________________________________________________________

8.4. OTHER MEASURES THAT MAY HAVE THE EFFECT OF
PREVENTING OR REDUCING HARMFUL EFFECTS ON THE
ENVIRONMENTIn the construction phase:- The archaeological site "Ošljane" is a resource that enjoys preliminary protection under the
Law on Cultural Heritage. In order to protect the archaeological site "Ošljane", during theexecution of any earthworks or construction of new facilities, the Investor is obliged toensure permanent archaeological supervision and protective archaeological interventions
should the archaeological objects or facilities be found.
- In accordance with the Terms of Preservation, Maintenance and Use of Cultural Resources
and Resources Enjoying Prior Protection and the Conditions of the Institute for theProtection of Cultural Monuments of the City of Belgrade (arch.no. P2249/14 dated 23rd of
July 2014) the envisaged archaeological supervision is performed in accordance with thespecial program, which takes place at the Institute for the Protection of Cultural Monumentsof the City of Belgrade, and in cooperation with the Project Leader.
- If an archaeological site is discovered, it is possible to require the archaeological works andsite conservation, the relocation of the findings or displacement of parts of the project. The
Project Leader is to respond to the possible requirements of the Institute for the Protectionof Cultural Monuments.
- Also, if archaeological material is discovered during the works anywhere in the planned
project area, under the Articles 28 and 29 of the Law on Cultural Property ("RS Official
Gazette", No. 71/94, 52/11 – Second Law, 92/11 - Second Law), it is obligatory to informthe Institute for the Protection of Cultural Monuments of the City of Belgrade and to act inaccordance with their instructions
In the regular work phase:
If odour problems are detected outside the enclosure, conduct a preliminary
investigation of the concentration of odour-bearing substances to determine the origin andmode of odour dispersion outside the complex
The investigation must also include the proposal for additional odour reduction
measuresIn the case of persistent odour problems occurring outside the boundaries of thecomplex, odour investigation should be performed according to the European Standard EN
16841-2: 2016 or the European Standard EN 16841-1: 2016 (depending on the odour andpossible source) in order to characterize the odour, sources and the conditions of origin.
- It is the responsibility of the Project Leader to regularly replace filter fillings, especiallythe activated carbon filters in the EfW and the oxidation catalyst at the BEP plant.
- The replacement of the filter filling is to be entrusted to the equipment supplier or to
the authorized maintenance staff.
- The spent (contaminated) activated charcoal should be temporarily stored in thehazardous waste storage facility on the Operational Platform (which is the subject of anotherproject or other impact assessment study), until it is handed over to the operators with theappropriate
permittomanagethis
typeofwaste.
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_________________________________________________________________________________________- Based on the prior notification on the types and quantities of hazardous (seveso)
substances and chemicals present or found in the plant, the Project Leader is obliged to contact
the competent Ministry for determining the obligation on the type of SEVESO document to be
developed for the plant in question.
- Characterize the solidifiers and define the final disposition in accordance with theestablished waste character.
- Characterize the stabilized clinker from the boiler plant (IBA) and define the final
disposition according to the established waste character.
- Replace baghouse filters in the EfW plant during the planned overhaul – filter
baghouse replacements.
- Three landfill gas filters in BEP plant use activated charcoal: the filter is filled with- fresh activated charcoal from above, while the spent activated charcoal is discharged at
the bottom. The adsorption rate is monitored, and even when the adsorption rate drops below
80%, fresh activated charcoal must be introduced. The process is to empty 50% of the filter
filling height and reset it to 100% so as to move the filling top to the bottom of the silo.

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_________________________________________________________________________________________

9.0. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT MONITORING PROGRAM
The purpose of the environmental impact monitoring - monitoring is to carry out regularsampling and laboratory analysis of the affected samples over a specified time interval inaccordance with the legislation. Then, on the basis of the defined limit values, the impact on
the environmental factors examined is determined and, if necessary, the measures are defined
to reduce the observed negative impacts.
Also, based on the results of the monitoring, the process parameters can be corrected toharmonize (or improve) the operation of the plant with the designed and / or legal values. The
monitoring monitors the main environmental factors:
-

air
water
soil andenvironmental noise level

The monitoring frequency and parameters of pollutants are defined by the legislation for eachof the environmental factors listed.
All of the above will be contained in the Monitoring Plan, which the Project Leader isobliged to develop.

9.1. AN OVERVIEW OF THE STATE OF THE ENVIRONMENTBEFORE THE PROJECT IS OPERATIONAL AT LOCATIONS WHEREENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS ARE EXPECTED
The overview of the state of the environment prior to the start of the project, in “zero state”, isdescribed in detail in section 5.0. The description of the environmental factors that are likely
to be significantly at risk due to the implementation of the proposed project.

9.2. PARAMETERS, PLACES METHOD AND FREQUENCY OF
MEASUREMENT OF DETERMINED PARAMETERS
The monitoring plan is intended for the entire project of the new landfill in Vinča, which
includes the facilities and contents in all planning units from K1 to K5. The monitoring plan
shall include the following:-

The quality and quantity of the raw process water (generated from landfill bodies andcollected in leachate lagoons)- The quality and quantity of treated leachate and other water (before discharge into theeffluent stream- The quality and quantity of internal atmospheric water- Groundwater quality- Landfill stability, peripheral embankment and dam- Concentration of air emissions_______________________________________________________________________________________ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT STUDY

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_________________________________________________________________________________________-Air quality
Noise levels in the environment
Meteorological parameters i
Bird populations

Since the subject of this study is the planning unit K1 (EfW and BEP plant with theaccompanying facilities), an excerpt from the Monitoring Plan (for monitoring air quality andenvironmental noise levels) is given below.
Air monitoring involves the following:- Monitoring of air emissions (from the defined emitters) and- Ambient air monitoring (around Vinča landfill complex)
Air emissions monitoring
In accordance with the requirements of the EU Directive (2010/75 / EU on industrial emissions
from Annex V part 3), the operational parameters of the stack / emitter at the EfW plant andthe emissions of pollutants into the air will be monitored by a continuous monitoring system.
The continuous monitoring system is equipped with the devices and sensors for the continuous
measurement of concentrations of pollutants (SO2, NOx and powdery substances) in the gas
outgoing stream. The boiler plant is equipped with the measuring devices that enable control
and maintenance of process parameters (O2 percentage, infrared pyrometer, temperature, fan
speed, pressure, etc.). All measurements are stored in the central control unit.
In addition to the planned continuous monitoring on the defined emitter, the Project Leader isobliged to perform regular monitoring of the pollutant emissions at that particular emitter andat the BEP plant emitter by the authorized and accredited laboratory / institution, in accordancewith the legislation.
All measured values at the emitters are compared with the limit values defined in theRegulation on limit values of pollutant emissions from the combustion plant ("Official Gazetteof RS", No. 6/16).
Emissions control of dioxins and furans
Polychlorinated dibenzodioxin / Polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDD / PCDF) andpolychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs)
The measurement of PCDD / PCDF and dioxin-like PCBs is covered by a number of EN
standards. EN 1948-1: 2006 describes isokinetic sampling by the filter / condenser method, thedilution method or the probe cooling method [49, CEN 2006]. Subsequently, EN 1948-2: 2006
covers extraction and purification [70, CEN 2006]. Finally, EN 1948-3: 2006 and EN 1948-4:
2010 deal with the identification and quantification of PCDD / PCDF and dioxin-like PCBs,
using the GC-MS isotope solution [41, CEN 2006], [51, CEN 2010].
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_________________________________________________________________________________________In addition to these standards, CEN / TS 1948-5: 2015 technical specification describes longterm sampling of PCDD / PCDF and PCB. Similar to the use of sorbent traps for mercury
measurement, this long-term sampling aims to determine average concentration levels over along period, usually four weeks. CEN / TS 1948-5 relies on the same sampling principles as
EN 1948-1 [216, CEN 2015]. The European Commission has endorsed these technicalspecifications as a new action under the Union's 2015 European Standardization Work Program[222, COM 2016]. Sampling time for PCDD / PCDF measurement is usually six to eight hours[24, EU 2010], [49, CEN 2006].
According to IED Annex VI for waste incineration plants and according to EN 1948-1: 2006,
the measurement results for PCDD / PCDF are expressed in units of ng I-TEQ / m3, where ITEQ stands for International Toxic Equivalents. obtained by applying the International Toxic
Equivalence Factor (ITEF; also called the International Toxic Equivalency Factor).
These factors indicate the toxic potential of a single PCDD or PCDF congener relative to thetoxic effect of 2,3,7,8-TCDD (Tetrachlorodibenzodioxin), which is the congener with thehighest toxicity. Industrial Emissions Directive (IED) I-TEF kits for 17 PCDD / PCDF
congeners, including 2,3,7,8-TCDD [24, EU 2010], [49, CEN 2006].
If there is a need to cover dioxins similar to PCBs, it is advisable to use the ng WHO-TEQ /m3 unit, which stands for WHO toxic equivalents (WHO-TEFs, also called WHO toxic
equivalents), in addition to TEFs, include toxic equivalent factors for 12 dioxin-like PCBs.
Another difference between the two concepts is that WHO-TEQs differ from I-TEF for several
PCDD / PCDFs [50, Van den Berg et al. 2006], [51, CEN 2010].
On the stack emitter of the EfW plant, continuous monitoring / sampling of dioxins and furans
in flue gas is planned. In addition, flue gas samples will be analyzed by an accredited laboratory
in accordance with a monitoring program. The contractor guarantees the performance of the
EfW plant for the above parameters up to a maximum of 0.1 ng (I-TEQ / m 3 ) as defined by
the EU Waste Incineration Directive.
Ambient air monitoring
Ambient air monitoring sites with a passive sampler (sampler) will be installed within 3 km
around the boundaries of the Vinča landfill complex. Monitoring of the following parameters
is provided: PM 10 , HF, NO 2 , SO 2 , HCl, Hg, BTEX and heavy metals during theconstruction and regular phases of the project.
Since NO 2 and PM 10 representative indicators of pollution originating from construction
and technological activities, ambient air monitoring is focused on these parameters.
In the construction phase, these parameters will be monitored in 2 fifteen-day cycles per year,
one in winter and one in summer.

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_________________________________________________________________________________________In the regular work phase of the project, these parameters will be monitored over 6 fifteen-day
cycles throughout the year.
Other specified parameters (HF, SO 2 , HCl, Hg, BTEX and heavy metals) will only bemonitored in the most unfavorable time period (winter period), one fifteen day cycle.

Figure 75. Ambient air monitoring site locations
The stated frequencies of ambient air quality measurements may be revised after a three-year
period of operation of the installation, if the measurement results report does not show legallydefined exceedances and if new measurement frequencies are acceptable with respect tomonitoring representativeness.
The aforementioned monitoring is carried out by an authorized and accredited laboratory /institution, in accordance with legal regulations.
All measured values are compared with the limit values defined in the Regulation on
monitoring conditions and air quality requirements ("Official Gazette of RS", No. 63/13).
Monitoring of environmental noise levels
Environmental noise monitoring will be carried out in the wider area of the Vinča Landfill
Complex according to the plan, at 4 measuring sites, with an annual frequency during theconstruction phase and the regular operation phase of the plant.
The aforementioned monitoring is carried out by an authorized and accredited laboratory /institution, in accordance with legal regulations.
All measured values are compared with the limit values defined in the Decree on Noise
Indicators, limit values, methods for assessing noise indicators, disturbances and adverse
effects of environmental noise (“Official Gazette of the RS”, No. 75/10).

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_________________________________________________________________________________________

Accident monitoring and post-accident monitoring- All plant and accident detection and alarm system performances shall be registered with
the DCS and reported to the plant operators.
- Monitoring of environmental factors during the accident is mandatory- After an accident, a report of the accident shall be made with mandatory measures toprevent the same or similar accident from happening again- Depending on the extent and consequences of the accident, post-accident monitoring of
the affected environmental factors shall be performed- It is the responsibility of the Project Operator to provide means for the remedy of theaccident and the consequences caused, in accordance with the designed accident recovery
project

Monitoring of environmental pollution due to waste generation
Following the construction of the project, it is the responsibility of the Project Operator tocomply with the Law on Waste Management ("Official Gazette of RS", No. 14/16) and theLaw on Integrated Prevention and Control of Environmental Pollution ("Official Gazette of
RS" No. 25 / 2015), obtains the Waste Management Permit, ie the Integrated Waste
Management Permit.
As part of the procedure for issuing the above mentioned waste management permits, theAction Plan of the Waste Management Plant with defined obligations of waste management
and of waste reporting will be developed.
The inlet waste at the EfW plant has the characteristics of municipal solid waste. The prohibited
types of waste that cannot be treated at the plant are:- hazardous waste- hazardous medical waste- liquid waste and- industrial waste that is not similar to municipal waste by characteristics
The table gives examples of prohibited waste. The table is not exhaustive, so there may beother types of prohibited waste, which will be further defined in the Action Plan.
The table also provides exceptions in the case of small quantities of prohibited waste that canbe treated at the plant, subject to all restrictions given under the conditions and approvals of
the competent authorities and/or provided that the said types of prohibited waste cannot bepractically isolated.
Table 38. Prohibited Waste Types and Exceptions
Prohibited waste
Vehicles and vehicle parts, such as engine
blocks, etc..
Batteries

The list of exceptions, ie. acceptable items
per truck (delivery) of prohibited waste:
Parts of abandoned vehicles <15 kg, if not hazardous
waste
No exceptions_______________________________________________________________________________________ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT STUDY304

_________________________________________________________________________________________
Non-hazardous liquid waste, septic tankcontents
Bulky waste such as mattresses and large
Animals and animal by-products,
slaughterhouse waste

Any quantity less than 20 liters per delivery.

Car tyresLess than 2 per delivery.

No exceptions
Any bodies of dead animals or parts of the same <25 kg
per delivery.

Truck tyres
No exceptions
Insulating materials such as stone wool,
asbestos, calcium silicate sheets, ceramic fibers, No exceptions
large carpets, etc.
Appliances
Refrigerators, air conditioners and freezers
Electrical and Electronic Waste (WEEE)No exceptions
No exceptions
1% of total waste if mixed with household waste, notincluding household appliances and refrigerators /freezers / air conditioning

Hazardous waste listed in the Official Gazetteof RS no. 36/09, 88/10, 14/16. (including
poisons, medicines, caustic substances, acids,
If mixed with household waste
hazardous paints, cutting oils, motor oils,
cleaning fluids, horticultural chemicals andbatteries, hazardous laboratory waste, etc.)
Sludge from neutralization pits anddetoxification and neutralization pastes(workshops, metal surface treatment plants,
electroplating)
Extremely flammable, combustible or
explosive materials
Radioactive waste
Asbestos
Clinical waste (contagious, pathological or
hazardous)

No exceptions

No exceptions
No exceptions
No exceptions
No exceptions_______________________________________________________________________________________ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT STUDY305

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10.0. NON-TECHNICAL OVERVIEW OF THE STUDY
The non-technical presentation of data from individual chapters of the Study is given as aseparate document and is an integral part of this Study.

11.0. TECHNICAL DEFICIENCY DATA
During the preparation of the Study, no technical deficiencies were identified which would
cause the functioning of the Project to endanger the environment. There is also no lack ofexpertise in the design and implementation of environmental measures.

12.0. BASES FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE STUDY
Legislation- Law on Environmental Protection (Official Gazette of RS, Nos. 135/04, 36/09, 72/09 and 14/16);- Law on Environmental Impact Assessment ("Official Gazette of the RS", Nos. 135/04, 36/09, 72/09 and43/11 - US decision and 14/2016);- Law on Planning and Construction ("Official Gazette of the RS", No. 72/09, 81/09-ed., 64/10 US
decision, 24/11, 121/12, 42/13 US decision, 50 / 13-US decision and 98/13-US decision, 132/2014 and145/2014, 23/15);- Law on Land Protection ("Official Gazette of RS", No. 112/15);- Law on Waters (“Official Gazette of RS”, Nos. 30/10, 93/12 and 101/16);- Law on Water Regime (Official Gazette of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia No. 59/98 and Official
Gazette of the RS, No. 105/05);- Law on Air Protection (“Official Gazette of RS”, Nos. 36/09 and 10/13);- Law on Chemicals (Official Gazette of the RS, No. 36/2009, 88/10, 92/11, 93/12 and 25/15);- Law on Waste Management ("Official Gazette of RS", No. 39/09, 88/10 and 16/16);- Law on Packaging and Packaging Waste (“Official Gazette of the RS“, No. 39/09);- Law on Environmental Noise Protection (“Official Gazette of RS“, No. 36/09, 88/10);- Law on Nature Conservation (“Official Gazette of the RS, No. 36/09, 88/10 and 91/10 – corr.14/2016);- Law on Cultural Property ("Official Gazette of RS", No. 71/94)- Law on Fire Protection ("Official Gazette of RS", No. 111/09 and 20/15);- Law on Standardization (Official Gazette of the RS, No. 36/09);- Law on Flammable Combustible Liquids and Flammable Gases ("Official Gazette of RS", No. 54/15);- Law on Integrated Prevention and Control of Environmental Pollution (Official Gazette of RS, Nos.
135/04 and 25/15);- Law on Strategic Environmental Impact Assessment (“Official Gazette of RS”, Nos. 135/04 and 88/10);- Law on Occupational Safety and Health ((“Official Gazette of RS”, No. 101/05, 91/15 and 113 of 17/17);- Rulebook on the Contents of the Environmental Impact Assessment Study (“Official Gazette of the RS”
No. 69/05);- Rulebook on Mnner and Conditions for Measuring the Quantities and Examining the Quality of Waste
Water and the Contents of Reports on Performed Measurements ("Official Gazette of RS", No. 33/16);- Rulebook on the Designation of Surface Water and Groundwater Bodies ((“Official Gazette of RS”, No.
96/10);- Rulebook on Parameters of Ecological and Chemical Status of Surface Waters and Parameters ofChemical and Quantitative Status of Ground Waters (“Official Gazette of RS”, No. 74/11);- Rulebook on the Manner of Designation and Maintenance of Sanitary Protection Zones for Water Supply
Sources ("(“Official Gazette of RS”, No. 92/08);- Rulebook on Determining Reclamation Areas and their Boundaries (“Official Gazette of RS”, No.
38/11);- Rulebook on Determining Water Entities and their Boundaries (“Official Gazette of RS”, No. 8/18);- Rulebook on Noise Measurement Methods, Content and Scope of Noise Measurement Reports (“Official
Gazette of RS”, No. 72/10);_______________________________________________________________________________________ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT STUDY306

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Rulebook on the Form of Waste Movement Document and Filling in Instructions ("Official Gazette ofRS", No. 72/09, 114/13);- Rulebook on the Form of Hazardous Waste Movement Document, the Form of Prior Notification, theManner of their Submission and Filling in Instructions ("Official Gazette of RS", No. 17/2017);
Rulebook on Waste Categories, Examination and Classification (“RS Official Gazette” No. 56/10);- Rulebook on the Form of a Daily Record and Annual Waste Report with Filling in Instructions ("RSOfficial Gazette", No. 95/2010, 88/2015);- Rulebook on Forms for Reports on Packaging and Packaging Waste Management (“RS Official Gazette”, No. 21/2010);- Rulebook on Amendments to the Rulebook on Forms for Reports on Packaging and Packaging Waste
Management (“RS Official Gazette”, No. 10/2013);- Rulebook on Technical Standards for Access Roads, Loops and Paved Areas for Fire Engines Near HighFire Risk Facilities ("Official Gazette of the SFRY", No. 8/95);- Rulebook on Technical Standards for Fire-Fighting Hydrant Network ("Official Gazette of the SFRY",
No. 30/91);- Rulebook on Technical Regulations for Design, Construction, Operation and Maintenance of Gas Boilers("Official Gazette of the SFRY", Nos. 10/90 and 52/90);- Rulebook on Technical Standards for the Protection of Objects against Atmospheric Discharge (Official
Gazette of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, No. 11/96);- Rulebook on Technical Standards for Low Voltage Electrical Installations ("Official Gazette of the
SFRY", No. 3 / 88,54 / 88 and 28/95);- Rulebook on Technical Standards for Fire Protection of Electrical Power Generation Plants and Facilities(“Official Gazette of the SFRY”, No. 74/90);- Rulebook on Technical Standards for Stable Installation for Fire Notification ("Official Gazette of the
SFRY", No. 87/93);- Rulebook on Mandatory Fire-Resistance Certification of Typical Building Structures and Requirements
to Be Fulfilled by Organizations of Associated Labour authorized for attestation of these products ("Official
Gazette of the SFRY", No. 24/90);- Rulebook on Preventive Measures for Safe and Healthy Work When Using Work Equipment ("Official
Gazette of RS", No. 23/09, 123/12 and 102/15);- Rulebook on Preventive Measures for Safe and Healthy Work when Using Personal Protective
Equipment ("Official Gazette of the RS", No. 92/08);- SRPS EN 2 (en) - 2011 Classification of Fires;- SRPS Z.C0.005 - 1979 Classification of materials and goods depending on their behavior in a fire;- SRPS Z.C0.012 - 1980 Determination of categories and degree of of the fire hazards of materials; SRPS U.J1.220 - 1981 Standard symbols for designs;- SRPS U.J1.240 - 1995 -Degree of fire resistance of a buildings;- SRPS TP19 2003 - Fire protection of industrial buildings - Analitically required fire resistance time;- Rulebook on Non-Ionizing Radiation Exposure Limits (“RS Official Gazette”, No. 104/09)- Rulebook on Conditions, Manner and Procedure for Waste Oil Management ("Official Gazette of RS",No. 71/10)- Rulebook on the List of Electrical and Electronic Products, Measures Restricting or Prohibiting the Useof Electrical and Electronic Equipment Containing Hazardous Substances, the Manner and Proceduresfor Management of Waste Originating from Electrical and Electronic Products ("Official Gazette of RS",
No.99/10)- Rulebook on the List of Hazardous Substances and their Amounts and Criteria for Determining the Typeof Documents Produced by the Operator of Seveso Installation or Establishment (Official Gazette of theRS, No. 41/10, 51/15)- Rulebook on Technical Standards for Building Construction in Seismic Areas (Official Gazette of the
SFRY, Nos. 31/81, 49/82, 29/83, 21/88 and 52/90)- Rulebook on Technical Standards for Hydrant Fire Extinguishing System Installations ("RS Official
Gazette", No.3 / 2018)- Rulebook on the Methodology for the Development of Rehabilitation and Remediation Projects, Official
Gazette of RS no. 74/2015)- Rulebook on Hazardous Substances in Water ('' Official Gazette of SRS '', no. 31/82),- Rulebook on Reference Conditions for the Types of Surface Waters (Official Gazette of the RS, No.
67/11),_______________________________________________________________________________________ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT STUDY307

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Regulation on Occupational Safety and Health on Temporary or Mobile Construction Sites (Official
Gazette of RS, No. 14/09, 95/10);- Regulation on Limit Values for Pollutants in Surface and Ground Waters and Sediment and Timeline for
Reaching the Values ("Official Gazette of RS", No. 50/12);- Regulation on Limit Values of Priority Substances and Priority Hazardous Substances Polluting Surface
Waters, and the Deadlines for their Reaching ("Official Gazette of RS", No. 24/14);- Regulation on the Amount of Water Fees (“Official Gazette of RS”, No. 14/18);- Regulation on Emission Limit Values for Pollutants in Waters and Deadlines for their Reaching("Official Gazette of RS", No. 67/11, 48/12 and 1/16);- Regulation on Limit Values for Pollutants, Harmful and Hazardous Substances in Soil (“Official
Gazette of RS”, No. 30/2018);
Regulation on Measurements of Air Pollutant Emissions from Stationary Pollution Sources ("Official
Gazette of RS", No. 5/16);
Regulation on Limit Values of Emissions of Pollutants into the Air from Combustion Plants ("Official
Gazette of RS", No. 6/16);
Regulation on Limit Values of Air Pollutant Emissions from Stationary Pollution Sources, except for
Combustion Plants ("Official Gazette of RS", No. 111/15);
Regulation on Noise Indicators, Limit Values, Noise Indicator Assessment Methods, Annoyance andHarmful Effects of Environmental Noise (“Official Gazette of the RS”, No. 75/10).
Regulation on Disposal of Waste on Landfills (“Official Gazette of the RS”, No. 92/10)- Regulation on Types of Activities and Installations for which Integrated Permits are Issued ("RS Official
Gazette", No. 84/05).

List of technical documentationMark
The name of the project0
THE MAIN VOLUME
1/1
ARCHITECTURE DESIGN Main buildings
1/2
ARCHITECTURE DESIGN Turbine building and electrical facilities
1/3
ARCHITECTURE DESIGN Technical facilities
2/1
CONSTRUCTION DESIGN Main Objects
2/2
CONSTRUCTION DESIGN Boiler room
2/3
CONSTRUCTION DESIGN Turbine building and compressor station
2/4
CONSTRUCTION DESIGN Electrical building
2/5
CONSTRUCTION DESIGN CWP
2/6
CONSTRUCTION DESIGN Workshop, DENOX building warehouse
2/7
CONSTRUCTION DESIGN Pump stations
2/8
CONSTRUCTION DESIGN T 11KV Building and Transformer 11/110kV
2/9
CONSTRUCTION DESIGN Auxiliary facilities
2/10
CONSTRUCTION DESIGN Flue Gas Purification System Facilities
2/11
CONSTRUCTION DESIGN Flue Gas Purification System Facilities-Foundations
2/12
CONSTRUCTION DESIGN Air cooled condenser
2/13
CONSTRUCTION DESIGN Disposal of slag
2/14
CONSTRUCTION DESIGN Supporting walls and fence
2/15
CONSTRUCTION DESIGN Road project
3/1
HYDROTECHNICAL INSTALLATIONS External hydrotechnical installations
3/2
HYDROTECHNICAL INSTALLATIONS Fire protection system
3/3
HYDROTECHNICAL INSTALLATIONS Internal hydrotechnical installations - Mainbuildings
3/4
HYDROTECHNICAL INSTALLATIONS Internal hydrotechnical installations Processing andtechnical facilities
4/1
ELECTRICAL INSTALLATIONS
4/2
ELECTRICAL INSTALLATIONS Construction of electrical power installations
5/1
TELECOMMUNICATIONS AND SIGNAL INSTALLATIONS Measurement, regulation andcontrol system
5/2
TELECOMMUNICATIONS AND SIGNAL INSTALLATIONS Telephone system and Lan
network_______________________________________________________________________________________ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT STUDY308

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5/3
TELECOMMUNICATIONS AND SIGNAL INSTALLATIONS Access control system andvideo surveillance system
5/4
TELECOMMUNICATIONS AND SIGNAL INSTALLATIONS General and alarm soundsystem5/5
TELECOMMUNICATIONS AND SIGNAL INSTALLATIONS Management system fortechnical systems and installations in buildings
5/6
TELECOMMUNICATIONS AND SIGNAL INSTALLATIONS Fire detection and alarmsystem_______________________________________________________________________________________ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT STUDY309

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6/1
6/2
6/3
6/4
6/5
6/6
6/7
6/8
6/9
6/10
6/11
8
9
10
E3

MACHINE INSTALLATIONS Boiler installation with an incinerator
MACHINE INSTALLATIONS Turbine plant
MACHINE INSTALLATIONS Chemical Water Treatment CWT)MACHINE INSTALLATIONS Heat transfer plant
MACHINE INSTALLATIONS Flue Gas Purification Systems (FGT Flue Gas Treatment)
MACHINE INSTALLATION DESIGN Dispatch and treatment of incinerator slag
MACHINE INSTALLATIONS Solidification and dispatch of APCR thermogenic waste
MACHINE INSTALLATION Liquid fuel system
MACHINE INSTALLATIONS Compressed air system
MACHINE INSTALLATION Thermal installations
MACHINE INSTALLATION Stable mechanical fire protection installations
TRAFFIC AND TRAFFIC SIGNALIZATIONEXTERIOR DEVELOPMENT
PREPARATION WORKS
FIRE PROTECTION DETAILED REPORTContents of technical documentation
Design Subproject

FC 1/1 (EfW Plant)

Type of Project
0. MAIN VOLUME
1.

2.

Project Contents
YES

YES

ARCHITECTURE DESIGNAll buildings belonging to the EfW plant within the
KP 1 plot-

CONSTRUCTION DESIGNAll facilities belonging to the EfW plant within the
KP 1 plot line, including roads, plateaus andretaining walls.
Plateau, foundation and channel project for the
installation of a landfill gas plant (FC 1/2)-

3.

HYDROTECHNICALINSTALLATIONS

4.

ELECTRICALINSTALLATIONS

5.

TELECOMMUNICATIONSAND SIGNAL
INSTALLATIONSAll hydro-technical installations within KP
1regulation plot line including:-External hydraulic installations-Fire water system (exterior and interior of thesystem)-Interior hydrotechnical installations in mainbuildings-Interior hydrotechnical installations in process-Project of Power plants belonging to the EfW
Project of energy plants belonging toplant
the BEP plant-Project construction electrical installations-I & C EfW plant system-The phone system and the Lan network-Access control system and video surveillancesystem- General and alarm sound system (PAGAsystem)-Management system for technical systems andinstallations in facilities
The process and machine design of the EfW plant
including the following systems:

6.

FC 1/2 (BEP Plant)

MACHINE INSTALLATIONS -The boiler installation

Process and machine design of BEP
plant- The turbine installation_______________________________________________________________________________________ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT STUDY

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_________________________________________________________________________________________-NoX reduction system-Flue gas purification system-Delivery and treatment of incinerator slag
-Solidification and shipment of thermogenic
waste (APCR)- Boiler liquid fuel system- Compressed air system-Heating, ventilation and cooling system-Stable fire protection installations- Connection to the district heating system- Connected pipelines

7.

MACHINE INSTALLATIONS The project includes traffic within the plot KP 1

8.

EXTERIOR DEVELOPMENT Exterior development of the plot KP 1.

9.

FIRE PROTECTION
DETAILED REPORTEfW Fire Protection Detailed Report

BEP Fire Protection Detailed Report

Legal acts
- EPS Distribution Network Operator Belgrade/Center, ROP-MSGI-3997-LOC-1-HPAP-8/2019
of 09.04.2019- Elektromreža Srbije Transmission Network Operator ad, ROP-MSGI-3997-LOC-1-HPAP7/2019 of 26 March 2019.
- PUC “Belgrade Water Supply and Sewerage” - Water Supply, ROP-MSGI-3997-LOC-1-HPAP9/2019 of 19.03.2019.
- PUC Public Utility Company "Belgrade Water Supply and Sewerage" - sewerage, ROP-MSGI3997-LOC-1-HPAP-11/2019 of 19.03.2019- PUC Public Utility Company "Belgrade Water Supply and Sewerage" - protection of water
sources, ROP-MSGI-3997-LOC-1-HPAP-10/2019 of 19.03.2019- Telekom Srbija, a.d., ROP-MSGI-3997-LOC-1-HPAP-3/2019 of 22 March 2019
- PUC “City Waste Disposal”,”Gradska čistoća” ROP-MSGI-3997-LOC-7-HPAP-12/2019 of
13.03.2019- Institute for the Protection of Cultural Monuments of the City of Belgrade, ROP-MSGI-5396LOC-1-HPAP-17/2019 of 29.03.2019- Institute for Nature Conservation of Serbia, ROP-MSGI-3997-LOC-1-HPAP-18/2019 of
26.03.2019- MIA Belgrade, Emergency Management Sector, Directorate of Emergency Management
Belgrade, ROP-MSGI-3997-LOCH-2-HPAP-1/2019 of 25.04.2019- MIA Belgrade, Emergency Management Sector, Directorate of Emergency Management
Belgrade, ROP-MSGI-3997-LOCH-2-HPAP-2/2019 of 25.04.2019- Belgrade: Secretariat for the Environment Protection, ROP-MSGI-3997-LOC-1-HPAP-6/2019,of 19 March 2019
- Ministry of Defense, ROP-MSGI-3997-LOC-1-HPAP-17/2019 of 14.03.2019.
- Civil Aviation Directorate of the Republic of Serbia, ROP-MSGI-3397-LOC-1-HPAP-16/2019of 26.03.2019- Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Water Management - Republic Water Directorate, ROPMSGI-3997-LOC-1-HPAP-4/2019 of 28.03.2019- Ministry of Health, Sector for Sanitary Control, Department of Sanitary Inspection ROP-MSGI3997-LOC-1-HPAP-5/2019 of 21.03.2019- Republic Institute for the Protection of Cultural Monuments No.1-351/2019-1 of 12.03.2019 ROPMSGI-3997-LOC-1-HPAP-15/2019 of 12.03.2019.
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ANNEXESare given under Volume 2 - Legal acts and drawings,
September 2019 and are an integral part of the Study_______________________________________________________________________________________ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT STUDY

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