JCAB CARATS and ENRI’s
R&D Activities
Kazuo YAMAMOTO
Director of Research Planning & Management
Electronic Navigation Research Institute(ENRI), Japan

Background and Contents• JCAB published the long-term vision forfuture air traffic systems (CARATS) in 2010
• CARATS road map is now being made …
• ENRI also has a long-term R&D vision• CARATS and ENRI research activities?
• ENRI’s contribution to CARATS?
1. What is ENRI?
2. Overview of the JCAB long-term vision
3. ENRI’s major R&D projects and results
4. CARATS and ENRI activities

21. What is ENRI?
Electronic Navigation ResearchInstitute (National Laboratory)
Established in1967
Funded mainly by Ministry of Land,
Infrastructure, Transport & Tourism
Budget: ¥1.6 billion ~ 1,740 M$ (2012,including personnel cost)
Personnel: 65 (47 researchers)

C. Hirasawa
President

7-42-23 Jindaiji Higashi-machi, Chofu, Tokyo 1820012
http://www.enri.go.jp/index.shtml

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Major research areas
ATM (Air Traffic Management)
Navigation systems andoperation
Surveillance, Communication
and Airborne systems

Separation &Flow Control

Direct Interference
on Avionics Systems
Interference
through Antennas

AvionicSystems

AvionicSystems

AvionicSystems

Portable ElectronicDevicesSurveillanceCommunication/Airborne Systems

GNSS42. Overview of the JCAB Longterm vision (CARATS)“Long-term Vision for the Future Air
Traffic Systems” : Five Chapters:① Background & Necessity for renovation② Future operation model (5 numerical targets)③ Programs & Constraints of present

Japanese air④ Processes for ATM/CNS renovation:eight (8) key concepts⑤ Roadmaps to achieve above concepts

5Eight Key Concepts …
1. Trajectory-Based Operation (TBO)

2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.

Predictability Improvement
Performance Based Operation (PBO)
Total Satellite-based navigation
Enhanced situation awareness
Enhanced human & machine capabilities
Information sharing and CDM
High density operation
How to realize these concepts?
Collaboration among stake holders
CARATS: Collaborative Actions for Renovation of Air Traffic Systems

6CARATS Organization
Task: development of road maps and practicalimplementation plan from the key concepts
CARATS Steering
Committee

Benefit/Cost Analysis Sub Committee

Planning & Management
Committee

Information
Management
WG
Trajectory
Ad-hocR & D Promotion Sub Committee

ATM WG

Communication Ad-hoc

Aviation
Weather WG

Surveillance
Ad-hocPBN WGHigh category RNAV SG for
RNAV SGsmall aircraft(CARATS organization in 2012)

Members: JCAB, Operators, Manufacturers,Laboratories and universities

7Measures from the key concepts
33 items for Operational Improvement (OI)
13 items for Technical Improvement (EN)
PhasesAirspaceorganization

Subjects

ID
OI-1
OI-2
OI-3
FlexibleOI-4
airspace
OI-5
management
OI-6
OI-7
OI-8
Performancebasednavigation

Measures
Operation in variable flight sector
Dynamic training area management
Dynamic terminal area operation
Area division in altitude direction
Free routing in very high altitude
Real time flight area reshaping
Flight area reorganization for TBO
Introduction of Flow Corridor
Precise and flexible departure, arrival andOI-9
approach procedures
OI-10 Precise RNP including time axis
OI-11 Establishment of low altitude flight routes
Establishment of departure, arrival andOI-12
approach procedures for small aircraft(Examples of OI items)

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CARATS road map
To fulfill each measure …
Derive necessary procedures, technologies
Prioritize each measure by procedural andtechnical maturity level, demands, costs etc
Classify investigation, R&D, evaluation , decision
making and implementation in yearly action basis
IDMeasures

Performance improveOI-29 ment by automateddeparture clearance(DCL, D-TAXI)2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023
DCL (being Installed)

Investigation, R & D
on DCL and D-TAXI

DCL (improved)
D-TAXI (VDL M2/AOA)
D-TAXI (VDL M2/ATN): Partially or fully operation phase: Investigation and R & D phase: Decision making phase: Implementation phase(preparation for installation)

Guide for
ATM/CNSsystemimprovement: Decision making with policy choosing process(An example of the road map OI-29)

93. ENRI’s major R&D projects andresults
ENRI long-term R&D vision
Published in 2010 (Updated version)
Three research domains (Advanced operationin Air, Advanced operation on and close to airport,Technologies connecting Ground and Air andimproving safety)
Twelve major research subjects

Research continuity emphasized
ENRI’s future action plan
Provides prospects for future
Shared not only by ENRI people but by people
working with ENRI

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Present ENRI
major research
topics
Project (11)Assigned
Fundamental
Investigation
Contract
11ID
P-1
P-2
P-3
P-4
P-5
P-6

Project research topicsConstruction of a trajectory model
Estimation of ATM Performance
Optimization of oceanic flight routes
Safety design and validation for CAT III GBAS
Study on fast aeronautical data link
An advanced surface surveillance system
Tolerability study for avionics against
P-7electromagnetic interference
P-8 Performance requirements for surveillance systems
P-9 Measurement of ATCO’s workload
P-10 Development of hybrid surveillance technology
C-band surface communication link by WiMAX
P-11technology
ID
Typical other research topics
Collection and sharing of ionosphere data forR-1
extended GNSS application
Millimeter wave sensor network for foreign object
R-2
detection
Precision curved approach and landing by GNSS
R-3
operation
R-4 Analysis and simulation of airport surface traffic
R-5 Integrity augmentation for multiple GNSS
Numerical estimation of flight safety for future
R-6
trajectory based operation
R-7 Development of a training assistance tool for
R-8 Integrity augumentation in multi-GNSS environment
R-9 Fabrication of an experimental UAS
R-10 En-route ATC simulation for CPDLC application
R-11 New information processing associated with SWIM

a) Estimation of ATM Performance (P-2)
ATM Performance?
Air traffic quality,efficiency and safety ,Fuel consumption (calculated) (lb)

PurposeFinding traffic bottlenecks and its
mitigation procedures,
Original fuel consumption model developed.
24(x10 3)

Proportional!

2220
18
16(x103)

The research results arevalid not only in Japanbut in the world!

22
16
18
20
24
Fuel consumption (measured) (lb)Calculated and measured results agreed well!

12d) GBAS prototype (P-4)
GBAS?
Ground Based Augmentation
System (GPS based landing system),Original CAT-I GBAS system with Ionosphere field
monitor developed and tested.
Boeing 787 at Osaka
Kansai Airport

Validity of ENRI
GBAS demonAll function work perfect! strated by B787!
13f) Millimeter wave technologies (R-4)
Millimeter wave (MMW)?
1 - 10mm wavelength radio
future CNS applications,
Original MMW generator head developed,
Optically networked millimeter radar is underdevelopment for FOD.

MMW Head

Runway debris detection

Validity of ENRI radar demonstrated!

144. CARATS and ENRI Activities
Major subjects discussed in CARATS in 2011-2012
ENRI R&D topics corresponding to CARATS
ID
Major subjects in measures
ENRI topicsEN-1 Improvement of radar data processing system for time based
R-11
EN-2 Study on FF-ICE concept and its application
EN-4 Development of prototype Integrated Terminal Weather System
EN-5 Introduction of high definition weather forecast database
P-6, P-8
EN-9 Introduction of Wide Area Multilateration and its performance test
EN-11 Surveilance performance improvement for parallel runways
P-6, R-6
P-1, P-10
EN-12 Determination of flight parameters downlinked from aircraft
P-1, P-10
EN-13 Determination of meteorological data downlinked from aircraft
P-4, R-3
OI-9 Development of GBAS curved approach procedure
P-2, R-2
OI-11 Establishment of new RNAV routes for low altitude operations
OI-12 Coexistence of rotor and fixed wing crafts in departure and approach R-6, R-8
OI-13 Data link performance for continuous ascent and descent operations P-3, P-5
P-2
OI-18 Time based operation by initial CFDT
P-1, P-2
OI-19 Introduction of time-based metering at merging points
R-10
OI-21 Performance estimation of VDL-M2/AOA and ATN
OI-26 Safety estimation of separation reduction in wake turbulence
P-11, R-10
OI-29 Near and mid future air and ground communication media
P-11, R-2
OI-31 Information enhancement on board - ground obstacles
R-6
OI-33 Accumulation, classification and validity test of Safety information

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Short or near term CARATS targets
and ENRI R&D
Most CARATS subjects are covered by ENRI R&D,
Few exceptions as EN-1, OI-26 etc, which aretreated by other institutes …

Examples of recent ENRI’s commitments
EN-11: ENRI’s Wide Area Multilateration (WAM)
test data
Advanced introduction ofWAM for new parallel runway operation,
OI-29: ENRI’s information about VDLMode2Delayed decision of CPDLC application inen-route operation.

ENRI’s R&D is contributing to present CARATS! 16

ENRI Future researches andCARATS
Examples of ENRI’s researches for future ...
Research on UAS (Unmanned Aircraft System)• Autonomous and controlled flights• Co-existence between unmanned and manned Aircrafts

Research on human factors• Analysis and estimation of ATCO’s workloads• Stress and drowsiness measurement techniqueResearch on Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC)• EMC enhancement and Frequency management• Electromagnetic interference tolerant avionics

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CARATS and ENRI’s R&D ...
-ENRI’s R&D contributes not only

to present CARATS but …. -Research on UAS will help
develop future airspace management,
Research on human factors will become the key tocope with future ATM paradigm shift,
Research on EMC will open harmonizedElectromagnetic environment for future CNS
Relationship between CARATS and ENRI R&D is
widespread from current decision making to future18
policy establishment

5. Conclusions
Introduction to ENRI
JCAB long-term vision+ Eight key concepts for CNS/ATM renovation+ CARATS road maps to realize the concepts

ENRI’s major R&D topics and results+ ENRI long-term R&D vision+ Present ENRI major research topics and results

CARATS and ENRI activities+ Near term subjects and future targets

ENRI is fulfilling responsibility ofcontributing to CARATS in both nearand long term basis

19Thank you for your attention!
- People in ENRI -20