『政策と調査』第７号

ㄪᰝᑐ㇟⪅ᢳฟ࡟࠾ࡅࡿㄢ㢟㸫ᆅ᪉⮬἞᫬௦ࡢసᴗ෇⁥໬࡟ྥࡅ࡚㸫
Problems of Survey Sampling: Obtaining Adequate Accessto Information about Subjects from Local Government୰ᮧ ⨾ዉᏊ㸯㸬ࡣࡌࡵ࡟               㸲㸬ᢳฟࡢᐇ᪋ୖࡢၥ㢟࡜ᨵၿⅬ㸰㸬ᢳฟࡢィ⏬❧᱌            㸳㸬⤊ࢃࡾ࡟㸱㸬㜀ぴ⏦ㄳࡢᐇ᪋࡜ᢳฟࡲ࡛ࠑせ᪨ࠒẖ᪥᪂⪺♫ࡣࠊఫẸᇶᮏྎᖒ࠿ࡽㄪᰝᑐ㇟⪅ࢆ㑅ࡧࠊ᪥ᮏேࡢㄞ᭩࡟ᑐࡍࡿព㆑࡜⾜ືࢆ᥈ࡿᅜෆ၏୍ࡢࠕㄞ᭩ୡㄽㄪᰝࠖࢆẖᖺᐇ᪋ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ㏆ᖺࠊࡇࡢୡㄽㄪᰝࡢㄪᰝᑐ㇟⪅ᢳฟࡀࠊ᱁ẁ࡟ࡸࡾ࡟ࡃࡃ࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡑࡢཎᅉࡣࠊಶே᝟ሗಖㆤἲࡀ 2005 ᖺ 4 ᭶࡟᪋⾜ࡉࢀࠊ⩣ 06 ᖺ 11 ᭶࡟ࡣᨵṇఫẸᇶᮏྎᖒἲࡀ᪋⾜ࡉࢀࡓࡇ࡜࡟࠶ࡿࠋఫẸࡢࣉࣛ࢖ࣂ
ࢩ࣮ព㆑ࡢ㧗ࡲࡾ࡟క࠸ࠊྛ⮬἞యࡣ㜀ぴチྍࡢࣁ࣮ࢻࣝࢆ㧗ࡃࡍࡿഴྥࡀ࠶ࡿࠋᮏ✏࡛ࡣࠊ⮬἞య࡟ࡼࡗ࡚␗࡞ࡿ㜀ぴ⏦ㄳᡭ⥆ࡁࢆ⤂௓ࡋ࡞ࡀࡽࠊᢳฟసᴗࢆ෇⁥࡟㐍ࡵࡿ࡟ࡣఱࡀᚲせ࠿᳨ウࡍࡿࠋ
The Mainichi Shimbun Newspaper annually conducts The Reading Survey in Japan toevaluate reading attitudes and behaviors. The subjects are chosen from the Residential
Basic Book describing their personal details. Recently, it has become very difficult toaccess the residential book and copy the names and addresses of sample persons. Thisis because of the execution of two laws: Personal Information Protection Law that wasexecuted in April 2005 and the Partial Revision of the Residential Basic Book Act thatwas executed in June 2006. The government is creating obstacles to accessing personal
information, because of the increasing recognition of privacy since 2005. This article
describes several variations of application procedures for accessing personal
information and discusses how to further facilitate access to personal information.
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『政策と調査』第７号

㸯㸬ࡣࡌࡵ࡟
 2005 ᖺ㸲᭶࡟ಶே᝟ሗಖㆤἲࠊ
⩣ 06 ᖺ 11 ᭶࡟ᨵṇఫẸᇶᮏྎᖒἲࡀ᪋⾜ࡉࢀ࡚࠿ࡽࠊఫẸᇶᮏྎᖒ࡟ࡼࡿୡㄽㄪᰝࡢㄪᰝᑐ㇟⪅ᢳฟࡣ᱁ẁ࡟ࡸࡾ࡟ࡃࡃ࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋಶே᝟ሗಖㆤ࡟ᑐࡍࡿព㆑ࡢ㧗ࡲࡾࢆཷࡅࠊఱே࡛ࡶ㜀ぴㄳồ࡛ࡁࡓఫẸᇶᮏྎᖒࡀࠊ⮬἞యࡀㄳồෆᐜࢆᑂᰝࡋ࡚ࡑࡢ㒔ᗘ㜀ぴࢆㄆࡵࡿไᗘ࡟ኚࢃࡗࡓࡓࡵ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ ẖ᪥᪂⪺♫ࡣࠊ඲ᅜࡢ⮬἞యࡢఫẸᇶᮏྎᖒࢆ㜀ぴࡋ࡚ㄪᰝᑐ㇟⪅ࢆᢳฟࡍࡿୡㄽㄪᰝ
ࢆẖᖺᐇ᪋ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
᪥ᮏேࡢㄞ᭩࡟ᑐࡍࡿព㆑࡜⾜ືࢆ᥈ࡿᅜෆ၏୍ࡢࠕㄞ᭩ୡㄽㄪᰝࠖ
ࡀࡑࢀࡔࡀࠊ㜀ぴ⏦ㄳ࡟క࠺ྛ⮬἞యࡢせồỈ‽ࡀᖺࠎୖࡀࡿഴྥ࡟࠶ࡾࠊㄪᰝࡢᐇົࡣ
↹㞧໬ࡍࡿ୍᪉࡛࠶ࡿࠋ⮬἞య࡟ࡼࡗ࡚␗࡞ࡿఫẸᇶᮏྎᖒࡢ㜀ぴ⏦ㄳᡭ⥆ࡁࢆ⤂௓ࡋ࡞ࡀࡽࠊᢳฟసᴗࢆ෇⁥࡟㐍ࡵࡿ࡟ࡣఱࡀᚲせ࠿᳨ウࡍࡿࠋ㸰㸬ᢳฟࡢィ⏬❧᱌ ᢳฟసᴗࡣࠊẖ᪥᪂⪺♫ࡢྛᮏᨭ♫㸦໭ᾏ㐨ࠊᮾிࠊ୰㒊ࠊ኱㜰ࠊす㒊㸧ࡢ♫఍㒊ࠊሗ㐨㒊ࡢグ⪅࡜ᨭᒁဨࡀ⾜࠺ࠋㄪᰝᆅⅬࡣࠊᮾிᮏ♫࡟࠶ࡿୡㄽㄪᰝᐊࡀỴࡵࡿࠋㄞ᭩ୡㄽ
ㄪᰝࡢሙྜࠊ඲ᅜࡢᕷ༊⏫ᮧ࠿ࡽ 300 ᆅⅬࢆ↓సⅭ࡟㑅ࡪࠋ♫఍㒊ࡸሗ㐨㒊ࠊྛᨭᒁࡣฟ᮶ୖࡀࡗࡓᆅⅬ⾲࡟ࡋࡓࡀࡗ࡚ࠊ⟶ෆࡢྛᆅⅬࡢᢳฟᢸᙜ⪅ࢆỴࡵࡿࠋࡇࡢᢸᙜ⪅ࡀࠊఫẸᇶᮏྎᖒࡢ㜀ぴ⏦ㄳ࠿ࡽᢳฟࡲ࡛ࡢ୍㐃ࡢసᴗࢆ୍ᡭ࡟ᘬࡁཷࡅ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ ᢸᙜ⪅ࡣࠊᆅⅬ࡜࡞ࡗࡓ⮬἞య࡟㜀ぴ⏦ㄳ࡟ᚲせ࡞᭩㢮ࡢヲ⣽ࢆၥ࠸ྜࢃࡏࠊୡㄽㄪᰝᐊ࡟▱ࡽࡏࡿࠋ⮬἞యࡀ≉Ṧ࡞せồࢆࡋ࡚ࡁࡓሙྜࠊୡㄽㄪᰝᐊ࡜┦ㄯࡋ࡞ࡀࡽ⮬἞య࡜஺΅ࡋࠊせồࢆྲྀࡾୗࡆ࡚ࡶࡽ࠺ࡼ࠺࡟ヰࢆࡍࡿࠋ⮬἞య࡜ࡢࡸࡾ࡜ࡾࡢ❆ཱྀ࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊᢸᙜ⪅ࡀ඲ᅜྛᆅ࡟࠸ࡿព⩏ࡣ኱ࡁ࠸ࠋ㸱㸬㜀ぴ⏦ㄳࡢᐇ᪋࡜ᢳฟࡲ࡛ ᢳฟ࡟ඛ❧ࡕࠊ඲ᅜྛᆅࡢᢸᙜ⪅ࡣᆅⅬ࡟ᙜࡓࡗࡓ⮬἞య࡟ᑐࡋ࡚ఫẸᇶᮏྎᖒࡢ㜀ぴ⏦ㄳᡭ⥆ࡁ࡟ධࡿࠋ⏦ㄳ᫬࡟ྛ⮬἞య࠿ࡽồࡵࡽࢀࡿ᭩㢮ࡣቑ࠼⥆ࡅ࡚࠾ࡾࠊㄪᰝࡢᐇົࡣ↹㞧ࢆࡁࢃࡵ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ ⮬἞య⊂⮬ࡢᵝᘧ࡛సࡽࢀࡓ㜀ぴ⏦ㄳ᭩ࡸㄋ⣙᭩ࠊ㜀ぴࡢ⏦❧ேࡓࡿẖ᪥᪂⪺♫ࡢἲேⓏグ⡙ࠊㄪᰝ㊃ព᭩ࠊࣉࣛ࢖ࣂࢩ࣮࣏ࣜࢩ࣮࡟௦ࢃࡿಶே᝟ሗࡢྲྀࡾᢅ࠸࡟㛵ࡍࡿㄝ᫂ᩥ
᭩ࠊ๓ᅇㄪᰝࡢᥖ㍕⣬㠃ࠊ๓ᅇࡢㄪᰝ⚊ࠊ఍♫ᴫせ࡞࡝ࠋ㜀ぴ⏦ㄳ࡟㝿ࡋ࡚ࡇ࠺ࡋࡓ᭩㢮ࡢఱࡀᚲせ࠿ࡣࠊ⮬἞య࡟ࡼࡗ࡚␗࡞ࡾࠊ❆ཱྀࡢ⫋ဨ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ࡶ␗࡞ࡿࡼ࠺࡛࠶ࡿࠋ௨๓
ࡣ㜀ぴ⏦ㄳ᭩ࡸㄋ⣙᭩ࡢᢲ༳ḍ࡟ࡣࠊᐇົ㈐௵⪅࡜ࡋ࡚ୡㄽㄪᰝᐊ㛗ࡢබ༳ࢆᢲࡏࡤࡼ࠿
ࡗࡓࡀࠊ♫㛗༳ࡢᢲ༳ࢆồࡵࡿ⮬἞యࡀቑ࠼࡚࠸ࡿࠋㄪᰝ㊃ព᭩ࢆᥦฟࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࡟ࡶ࠿࠿
ࢃࡽࡎࠊู㏵ࠊ⮬἞యࡢせᮃ࡟ᛂࡌࡓ㜀ぴ౫㢗᭩ࢆసࡗ࡚ᥦฟࡍࡿࡼ࠺ồࡵࡽࢀࡿሙྜࡶከ࠸ࠋ ẖ᪥᪂⪺♫ࡀ⥲ົ┬ࡢᇶ‽࡟‽ࡌ࡚సᡂࡋࠊ
ࠕẖ᪥ᵝᘧࠖ࡜࿧ࢇ࡛࠸ࡿ㜀ぴ⏦ㄳ᭩වㄋ⣙᭩࡟ࡣࠊ඲ᅜࡢ⮬἞య࡟ඹ㏻ࡍࡿᚲせ஦㡯ࢆࡍ࡭࡚グධࡋ࡚༳ๅࡋ࡚࠶ࡿࠋᨭᒁဨࡣࡇࡢ

『政策と調査』第７号

ẖ᪥ᵝᘧࡢ㜀ぴ⏦ㄳ᭩වㄋ⣙᭩ࢆ⮬἞య࡟ᥦฟ࡛ࡁࡿ࡜㠀ᖖ࡟౽฼࡟࡞ࡿࠋᚲせ஦㡯ࡀ⥙⨶ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࢀࡤࠊ࡝ࢇ࡞ᵝᘧࡢ⏦ㄳ᭩ࢆ౑ࡗ࡚ࡶࡼࡉࡑ࠺࡞ࡶࡢࡔࡀࠊ⮬἞య⊂⮬ࡢ⏦ㄳ᭩ࡀᐃࡵࡿグ㍕஦㡯࡜ẖ᪥ᵝᘧࢆ↷ࡽࡋྜࢃࡏࡶࡏࡎ࡟ࠊ⮬἞య⊂⮬ࡢᵝᘧ࡛⏦ㄳࢆồࡵࡿࢣ࣮ࢫࡀቑ࠼࡚࠸ࡿࠋ༙㠃ࠊẖ᪥ᵝᘧ࡛ࡢ⏦ㄳࡣῶࡗ࡚࠾ࡾࠊ12 ᖺࡣ 300 ᆅⅬ୰ 153
ᆅⅬ࡛౑ࢃࢀࡓࡀࠊ13 ᖺࡣ 124 ᆅⅬ࡟ⴠࡕ㎸ࢇ࡛࠸ࡿࠋ
⮬἞య⊂⮬ࡢ⏦ㄳ᭩ࢆ౑࠺࡜࡞ࡿ࡜ࠊᡭ⥆ࡁ࡟୙័ࢀ࡞ᨭᒁဨ࠿ࡽࠕ࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡟⏦ㄳ᭩࡟グධࡋࡓࡽࡼ࠸ࡢ࠿ࠖ࡜ࡢၥ࠸ྜࢃࡏ㟁ヰࡀୡㄽㄪᰝᐊ࡟┦ḟࡄࠋࡶࡕࢁࢇࠊࡦ࡞ᆺࢆ
㏦ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡢࡔࡀࠊ୙Ᏻࢆឤࡌࡿᨭᒁဨࡀከ࠸ࡼ࠺࡛࠶ࡿࠋẖ᪥ᵝᘧ࡛⏦ㄳ࡛ࡁࢀࡤୡㄽㄪᰝᐊ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡶຓ࠿ࡿࡢࡔࡀࠊ⮬἞య⊂⮬ࡢ⏦ㄳ᭩ࡀᙜࡓࡾ๓࡟࡞ࡾࡘࡘ࠶ࡿࠋࡋ࠿ࡶ⏦ㄳ᭩ࡣ⊂⮬ᵝᘧࠊㄋ⣙᭩ࡣẖ᪥ᵝᘧ࡛ᥦฟࢆồࡵࡿ⮬἞యࡶ࠶ࢀࡤࠊ཯ᑐ࡟⏦ㄳ᭩ࡣẖ᪥ᵝᘧࠊㄋ⣙᭩ࡣ⊂⮬ᵝᘧ࡜࠸࠺⮬἞యࡶᩓぢࡉࢀࡿࠋ⊂⮬ᵝᘧࡢ᭩㢮ࡀ⮬἞యࡢ࣮࣒࣮࣍࣌ࢪ࠿ࡽࢲ࣮࢘ࣥࣟࢻ࡛ࡁࢀࡤ࠸ࡘ࡛ࡶసᴗ࡛ࡁ࡚ዲ㒔ྜࡔࡀࠊࣇ࢓ࢡࢫ࡛ධᡭࡋ࡞ࡅࢀࡤ࡞ࡽ࡞࠸⮬἞యࡶᑡ࡞ࡃ࡞࠸ࠋᚲせ༑ศࡢ᭩㢮ࢆㄪ࠼ࠊ඲ᅜࡢᨭᒁ࡟㛫㐪࠸࡞ࡃⓎ㏦ࡍ
ࡿࡢࡣ୍ⱞປ࡛ࠊ฿╔ᚋࡣ኱᢬ᨭᒁ࠿ࡽ᭩㢮ࡢ㐣୙㊊ࢆఏ࠼ࡿⱞ᝟㟁ヰࡀ࠿࠿ࡗ࡚ࡃࡿࠋ ᥦฟ᭩㢮࡟ཎᮏࢆồࡵࡿ⮬἞యࡶከ࠸ࠋせồ㏻ࡾࡍ࡭࡚ࡢ᭩㢮ࢆཎᮏ࡛ࡑࢁ࠼ࡿ࡜ࠊ⏦ㄳ㈝⏝ࡀ┦ᙜࡢ㢠࡟࡞ࡿࠋἲேⓏグ⡙࡞࡝ධᡭ࡟㈝⏝ࡀ࠿࠿ࡿ᭩㢮ࡣࢥࣆ࣮ࡢᥦฟ࡛࠿ࡲࢃ࡞࠸࠿࡝࠺࠿ࠊ஦๓࡟ᢸᙜ⪅ࡀᑜࡡ࡚࠾ࡃࠋᢸᙜ⪅ࡀ⮬἞య࡜஺΅ࡋࡓ⤖ᯝࠊࢥࣆ࣮ࡢᥦฟ࡛⏦ㄳྍ⬟࡟࡞ࡿሙྜࡀከ࠸ࠋࠕࡇࢀࡣཎᮏࡢࢥࣆ࣮࡟┦㐪࠶ࡾࡲࡏࢇࠖ࡜ࠊබ༳࡜࡜ࡶ࡟ᐊ㛗ྡ࡛᭩ࡁῧ࠼࡚ࡃࢀ࡜ゝࢃࢀࡿࡇ࡜ࡶ࠶ࡿࠋ ࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞᭩㢮ࡢ࠺ࡕࠊసᡂ୰ࡢࡑࡢᖺࡢㄪᰝ⚊ࡢᥦฟࢆồࡵࡽࢀࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡣࠊㄪᰝᐇົ࡬ࡢᙳ㡪ࡀ኱ࡁ࠸ࠋࡑࡶࡑࡶㄪᰝࡢ⛎ᐦୖࠊ⮬἞య⫋ဨ࡜࠸࠼࡝ࡶㄪᰝᑐ㇟⪅࡛ࡣ࡞࠸⪅࡟ࠊ⤖ᯝබ⾲๓࡟ㄪᰝ⚊ࢆぢࡏࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡣៅ㔜࡞ጼໃ࡛⮫ࡴ࡭ࡁ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡋ࠿ࡋࠊ⮬἞యࡀㄆࡵ࡞ࡅࢀࡤఫẸᇶᮏྎᖒࢆ㜀ぴ࡛ࡁ࡞࠸࡜࠸࠺ไᗘ࡟ኚࢃࡗ࡚࠿ࡽࡣࠊ⮬἞యࡢ❧ሙࡀᙉࡃ࡞ࡾࠊࡑࡢせồࡀඃඛࡉࢀࡀࡕ࡟࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
ᑂᰝࡢẁ㝵࡛ࡑࡢᖺࡢㄪᰝ⚊ࢆぢࡏࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࡣࠊᐇົ㛤ጞᚋࡢ࠿࡞ࡾ᪩࠸ẁ㝵࡛㉁ၥࢆ
☜ᐃࡋ࡞ࡅࢀࡤ࡞ࡽ࡞࠸ࠋ㉁ၥ᱌ࢆ᳨ウࡋࡓᚋࠊ㉁ၥࢆ☜ᐃࡋࠊㄪᰝ⚊ࢆసᡂࡍࡿࡢࡔࡀࠊㄪᰝ⚊᏶ᡂ᫬Ⅼࢆྛᨭᒁࡢ㜀ぴ⏦ㄳ᫬Ⅼࡼࡾ᪩࠸᫬ᮇ࡟ࡋ࡚ࢫࢣࢪ࣮ࣗࣝ࡟⤌ࡳ㎸ࡴᚲせࡀ⏕ࡌࡿࠋࡇ࠺ࡋࡓࢫࢣࢪ࣮ࣗࣝࡢ๓ಽࡋ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ㄪᰝᐇ᪋ഃࡢ㈇ᢸࡣ኱ࡁࡃ࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡃࠋ
㠃᥋ࡸ␃ࡵ⨨ࡁ᪉ᘧࡼࡾࠊ㒑㏦᪉ᘧࡢ᪉ࡀࢫࢣࢪ࣮ࣗࣝ๓ಽࡋࡢᙳ㡪ࡀ኱ࡁ࠸ࠋẖ᪥᪂⪺♫ࡀఫẸᇶᮏྎᖒࢆ౑ࡗ࡚ 12 ᖺࡲ࡛ᐇ᪋ࡋ࡚࠸ࡓ㠃᥋࡜␃ࡵ⨨ࡁ᪉ᘧࡢୡㄽㄪᰝࡣࠊᅇ⟅ࡢᅇ཰ࡣ㸶᭶ᮎ࠿ࡽ㸷᭶ึࡵ㡭ࡢ㸱᪥㛫ࡔࡗࡓࠋ⤖ᯝබ⾲᫬ᮇࡣኚ࠼ࡎ࡟ 13 ᖺ࡟㒑
㏦᪉ᘧ࡟ษࡾ᭰࠼ࡓࡀࠊ㒑㏦ㄪᰝ࡛ࡣᅇ⟅ࡢᅇ཰ᮇ㛫ࡀ㛗ᮇ࡟ࢃࡓࡿࡓࡵࠊㄪᰝ⚊࡟㛵ࡍࡿࢫࢣࢪ࣮ࣗࣝࡣ㠃᥋ࡸ␃ࡵ⨨ࡁ᪉ᘧࡼࡾ๓ಽࡋ࡛㐍ࡴࠋ⮬἞యࡢせồࡀຍࢃࡿ࡜ࠊࡉࡽ࡟๓ಽࡋࡏࡊࡿࢆᚓ࡞ࡃ࡞ࡿࠋㄞ᭩ୡㄽㄪᰝࡢ⤖ᯝࡣࠊẖᖺ 10 ᭶ୗ᪪࡟⣬㠃ᥖ㍕ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ㒑㏦ㄪᰝ࡛ᐇ᪋ࡍࡿ࡞ࡽኟ๓࡟ㄪᰝ⚊ࢆ᏶ᡂࡉࡏࡿᚲせࡀ࠶ࡾࠊ⣬㠃ᥖ㍕ࡢ㡭࡟᫬ᐅ
ࢆᚓࡓ㉁ၥ࠿࡝࠺࠿ㄞࡳษࢀ࡞࠸ẁ㝵࡛㉁ၥࢆ☜ᐃࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟࡞ࡿࠋ

『政策と調査』第７号

ᅗ⾲㸯㸬ࡑࡢᖺࡢㄪᰝ⚊ࡀ࡞࠸࡜ᢳฟࢆㄆࡵ࡞࠸⮬἞య㻞㻜㻜㻢ᖺ༓ⴥ┴⯪ᶫᕷ㻞㻜㻜㻥ᖺᏱ㒔ᐑᕷᮾி㒔Ṋⶶ㔝ᕷᮾி㒔ᮾஂ␃⡿ᕷ⚄ዉᕝ┴⛙㔝ᕷ㛗㔝ᕷឡ▱┴᫓᪥஭ᕷி㒔ᕷ୰ி༊රᗜ┴㇏ᒸᕷරᗜ┴ᐆሯᕷ㧗ᯇᕷ㻞㻜㻝㻝ᖺᮐᖠᕷ໭༊ᮐᖠᕷᮾ༊ᮐᖠᕷ㇏ᖹ༊ᮐᖠᕷཌู༊㟷᳃┴ඵᡞᕷᏱ㒔ᐑᕷ䛥䛔䛯䜎ᕷぢ἟༊䛥䛔䛯䜎ᕷᾆ࿴༊༓ⴥᕷ୰ኸ༊༓ⴥᕷ✄ẟ༊༓ⴥᕷ⨾὾༊㛗㔝ᕷ㟼ᒸ┴἟ὠᕷ㟼ᒸ┴ᐩኈᐑᕷ㟼ᒸ┴ᚚẊሙᕷᒸᒣ┴಴ᩜᕷ㧗ᯇᕷ໭஑ᕞᕷⱝᯇ༊໭஑ᕞᕷᑠ಴༡༊
໭஑ᕞᕷඵᖭす༊㛗ᓮ┴ㅋ᪩ᕷ㻞㻜㻝㻞ᖺᮐᖠᕷ୰ኸ༊ᮐᖠᕷᮾ༊ᮐᖠᕷ㇏ᖹ༊ᮐᖠᕷす༊ᮐᖠᕷΎ⏣༊⛅⏣┴኱㤋ᕷ⚟ᓥ┴఍ὠⱝᯇᕷ⚟ᓥ┴ఀ㐩ᕷᰣᮌ┴㑣㡲ⅲᒣᕷᮾி㒔ᑠ㔠஭ᕷྡྂᒇᕷ⥳༊ி㒔ᗓடᒸᕷ኱㜰ᕷᮾఫྜྷ༊኱㜰ᗓ㇏୰ᕷ኱㜰ᗓ྿⏣ᕷ኱㜰ᗓ㈅ሯᕷ኱㜰ᗓⲈᮌᕷ኱㜰ᗓඵᑿᕷ኱㜰ᗓ࿴Ἠᕷ⚄ᡞᕷ୰ኸ༊රᗜ┴୹Ἴᕷරᗜ┴⊦ྡᕝ⏫
㧗ᯇᕷ໭஑ᕞᕷᑠ಴໭༊໭஑ᕞᕷඵᖭす༊⚟ᒸᕷᮾ༊⚟ᒸᕷ༡༊⚟ᒸᕷᇛ༡༊⚟ᒸ┴ஂ␃⡿ᕷ㻞㻜㻝㻠ᖺᮐᖠᕷ໭༊ᮐᖠᕷᮾ༊ᮐᖠᕷ㇏ᖹ༊ᮐᖠᕷཌู༊໭ᾏ㐨Ụᕪ⏫
໭ᾏ㐨ཌᓊ⏫
㟷᳃ᕷ㟷᳃┴ᘯ๓ᕷ㟷᳃┴ඵᡞᕷ㟷᳃┴ᖹᕝᕷ௝ྎᕷ㟷ⴥ༊ᐑᇛ┴▼ᕳᕷᐑᇛ┴Ⓩ⡿ᕷᐑᇛ┴ர⌮⏫
⚟ᓥ┴఍ὠⱝᯇᕷ⚟ᓥ┴㒆ᒣᕷ⚟ᓥ┴䛔䜟䛝ᕷ⚟ᓥ┴ἨᓮᮧⲈᇛ┴⟃すᕷᰣᮌ┴Ᏹ㒔ᐑᕷ⩌㤿┴῰ᕝᕷ䛥䛔䛯䜎ᕷぢ἟༊䛥䛔䛯䜎ᕷᾆ࿴༊䛥䛔䛯䜎ᕷᒾᵳ༊ᇸ⋢┴ᮅ㟘ᕷᇸ⋢┴ஂ႐ᕷᇸ⋢┴ᕝᓥ⏫
༓ⴥ┴⯪ᶫᕷ༓ⴥ┴ᡂ⏣ᕷ༓ⴥ┴⩦ᚿ㔝ᕷ༓ⴥ┴ᕷཎᕷ༓ⴥ┴ᐩὠᕷᮾி㒔῰㇂༊ᮾி㒔Ⲩᕝ༊ᮾி㒔ⴱ㣭༊ᮾி㒔ᗓ୰ᕷᮾி㒔⏫⏣ᕷᶓ὾ᕷ⚄ዉᕝ༊ᶓ὾ᕷ༡༊ᶓ὾ᕷᡞሯ༊⚄ዉᕝ┴⸨ἑᕷᐩᒣᕷᐩᒣ┴㯮㒊ᕷᒣ᲍┴⏥ᗓᕷᒣ᲍┴༡䜰䝹䝥䝇ᕷ㛗㔝ᕷ㛗㔝┴ᯇᮏᕷ㛗㔝┴ୖ⏣ᕷ㛗㔝┴㥖䞄᰿ᕷ㟼ᒸᕷⵇ༊㟼ᒸ┴↝ὠᕷ㟼ᒸ┴ᚚẊሙᕷ㟼ᒸ┴ྜྷ⏣⏫
ឡ▱┴୍ᐑᕷឡ▱┴㇏⏣ᕷឡ▱┴▱❧ᕷឡ▱┴ឡすᕷὠᕷ⁠㈡┴ᙪ᰿ᕷ⁠㈡┴ⲡὠᕷ⁠㈡┴ᮾ㏆Ụᕷி㒔ᕷྑி༊ி㒔ᗓᏱ἞⏣ཎ⏫
኱㜰ᕷ⚟ᓥ༊኱㜰ᕷኳ⋤ᑎ༊኱㜰ᕷ⏕㔝༊኱㜰ᕷ㜿ಸ㔝༊኱㜰ᕷすᡂ༊኱㜰ᕷఫஅỤ༊ሜᕷሜ༊ሜᕷす༊኱㜰ᗓ㇏୰ᕷ኱㜰ᗓ྿⏣ᕷ኱㜰ᗓἨ኱ὠᕷ኱㜰ᗓ㧗ᵳᕷ኱㜰ᗓᯛ᪉ᕷ኱㜰ᗓඵᑿᕷ኱㜰ᗓᐩ⏣ᯘᕷ኱㜰ᗓᐷᒇᕝᕷ኱㜰ᗓ኱ᮾᕷ኱㜰ᗓ᯽ཎᕷ኱㜰ᗓ⸨஭ᑎᕷ኱㜰ᗓᮾ኱㜰ᕷරᗜ┴ᑽᓮᕷරᗜ┴ຍྂᕝᕷරᗜ┴㧗◁ᕷරᗜ┴⠛ᒣᕷዉⰋ┴኱࿴㧗⏣ᕷዉⰋ┴኱ᾷ⏫
㫽ྲྀᕷᒸᒣ┴┿ᗞᕷᗈᓥᕷ༡༊ᗈᓥ┴Ᏻⱁ㧗⏣ᕷᒣཱྀ┴࿘㜵኱ᓥ⏫
ᚨᓥ┴㜿༡ᕷ㧗ᯇᕷᯇᒣᕷ㧗▱ᕷ໭஑ᕞᕷ㛛ྖ༊⚟ᒸ┴኱∹⏣ᕷ⚟ᒸ┴ஂ␃⡿ᕷ⚟ᒸ┴ඵዪᕷ⚟ᒸ┴ྂ㈡ᕷ⚟ᒸ┴ᚿච⏫
బ㈡┴⚄ᇸᕷ㛗ᓮᕷ㛗ᓮ┴బୡಖᕷ⇃ᮏᕷᮾ༊኱ศ┴➉⏣ᕷᐑᓮᕷᐑᓮ┴ᘏᒸᕷ㮵ඣᓥ┴㮵ᒇᕷ㑣ぞᕷἈ⦖┴ᐅ㔝‴ᕷἈ⦖┴㇏ぢᇛᕷἈ⦖┴ᜠ⣡ᮧㄪᰝ⚊ᐇ≀ᚲ㡲ி㒔ᗓᏱ἞ᕷ⇃ᮏ┴⋢ྡᕷト䠅㒆ྡ䛿┬␎䚹ㄪᰝ⚊ᐇ≀ᚲ㡲䛾䠎ᕷ௨እ䛿䝀䝷ᥦฟඛᅗ⾲㸯࡟ 06 ᖺ௨㝆ࠊ㜀ぴ⏦ㄳࡢ㝿࡟ࡑࡢᖺࡢㄪᰝ⚊ࡢᥦฟࢆồࡵ࡚ࡁࡓ⮬἞యྡࢆグࡋࡓࠋ࠸ࡎࢀࡢᖺࡶᆅⅬᩘࡣ 300 ࡔࡗࡓࠋࡇࡇ࡛ࡣ⮬἞యྡࡢグ㘓ࡀぢࡘ࠿ࡗࡓᖺ࡟㝈ࡗ࡚⾲ࢆసᡂࡋࡓࡓࡵࠊࢹ࣮ࢱ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡣ୙᏶඲ࡔࡀࠊ኱ࡲ࠿࡞ഴྥࡣࡘ࠿ࡵࡿࡔࢁ࠺ࠋ12 ᖺࡲ࡛ࡣㄪᰝ⚊ࡢࢤࣛࢆᥦฟࡍࢀࡤࡼ࠿ࡗࡓࡀࠊ13 ᖺ௨㝆ࡣ༳ๅࡉࢀࡓㄪᰝ⚊ࡢᐇ≀ࢆồࡵࡿ⮬἞యࡀฟ࡚ࡁࡓࠋ❆ཱྀࡢ⫋ဨࡀ୙ຮᙉ࡞ሙྜࡶ┠❧ࡘࠋሗ㐨ᶵ㛵ࡣಶே᝟ሗಖㆤἲࡢ㐺⏝ࡀ㝖እࡉࢀࠊࣉࣛ࢖ࣂࢩ࣮࣏ࣜࢩ࣮ࢆᣢࡓ࡞࠸ࡇ࡜ࢆ▱ࡽ࡞࠸ࠋ᪂⪺♫࡛ࡣሗ㐨㒊㛛௨እࡢ㒊ᒁ࡟ࡣࣉࣛ࢖ࣂࢩ࣮࣏ࣜࢩ࣮ࡀ࠶ࡿࡀࠊሗ㐨㒊㛛࡟ࡣ࡞࠸ࠋ௦ࢃࡾ࡟ಶே᝟ሗࡢྲྀࡾᢅ࠸࡟㛵ࡍࡿ఍♫ࡢጼໃࢆㄝ᫂ࡍࡿᩥ᭩ࢆᥦฟࡍࡿ࡜ఏ࠼࡚ࡶࠊ࡞࠿࡞࠿⌮ゎࡋ࡚ࡶࡽ࠼ࡎ㛢ཱྀࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࠶ࡿࠋ⏦ㄳ᭩㢮ࡀཷ⌮ࡉࢀࠊᑂᰝᚋᢎㄆ࡟ࡇࡂࡘࡅࡿࡲ࡛ࡣẼࡢᢤࡅ࡞࠸᪥ࠎࡀ⥆ࡃࠋ
13 ᖺ࡜ 14 ᖺࡢᆅⅬ࡟ᙜࡓࡗࡓ⮬἞యࡢ㜀ぴᡭᩘᩱࡢィ⟬᪉ἲ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࠊᅗ⾲㸰࡜㸱࡟ࡲ࡜ࡵࡓࠋᢳฟࡋࡓㄪᰝᑐ㇟⪅㸯ேᙜࡓࡾ 300 ෇ࡢࢣ࣮ࢫࡀ᭱ࡶከࡃࠊᮾ᪥ᮏࠊす᪥ᮏ࡜ࡶ᭱ከࡔࡀࠊ㸯ே 500 ෇ࡢ⮬἞యࡶ࠶ࡿࠋ㸯ேᙜࡓࡾࡢᡭᩘᩱ࡟ຍ࠼࡚ࠊ᫬㛫༢఩࡛ࡶᡭ
ᩘᩱࢆྲྀࡿ⮬἞యࡀᑡ࡞ࡃ࡞࠸ࠋࡇࡢ㸰ᖺ㛫࡛᭱ࡶ㧗㢠ࡔࡗࡓࡢࡣᇸ⋢┴ᮾᯇᒣᕷ࡛
17160 ෇࡛࠶ࡿࠋྠᕷࡣ 2000 ᖺ࡟ไᐃࡋࡓᡭᩘᩱ᮲౛࡛ࠊᆅⅬࡢᆅ༊඲యࡢୡᖏࢆ㜀ぴࡍࡿ࡜࠸࠺⪃࠼᪉࡛ᩱ㔠ࢆィ⟬ࡍࡿࠋᇶᮏᡭᩘᩱࡣ 150 ෇ࠋࡑࡢ 150 ෇ࢆ㸯௳ศ࡜ᩘ࠼ࠊ
ᆅ༊ࡢୡᖏᩘ࠿ࡽ㸯ࢆᘬ࠸ࡓᩘ࡟ 30 ෇ࢆ᥃ࡅࡓ㢠࡜ࡢྜィࡀ㜀ぴᡭᩘᩱ࡜࡞ࡿࠋᆅ༊ࡢ
ேཱྀࡀከ࠸࡜㧗ࡃ࡞ࡾࠊᩱ㔠ࡣከࡃࡢሙྜ㸯୓෇௨ୖࠊᩘ୓෇࡟࡞ࡿࡇ࡜ࡶ࠶ࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࠋ

『政策と調査』第７号

ᅗ⾲㸰㸬 ᖺ࡟ᐇ᪋ࡋࡓㄞ᭩ୡㄽㄪᰝ  ᆅⅬࡢ㜀ぴᡭᩘᩱࡢィ⟬᪉ἲ㻝㻟ᖺ䚷㜀ぴᡭᩘᩱ㻝ே㻟㻜㻜෇㻝ே㻞㻜㻜෇㻝ே㻝㻜㻜෇㻝ୡᖏ㻟㻜㻜෇㻝ே㻟㻡㻜෇㻝෉㻝㻡㻜㻜෇㻝㻜ே㻟㻜㻜෇㻝෉㻟㻜㻜㻜෇㻟㻜ศ㻟㻜㻜㻜෇㻝ே㻞㻡㻜෇㻝ே㻝㻡㻜෇㻟㻜ศ㻝㻜㻜㻜෇㻝ே㻠㻜㻜෇㻝㻜ே㻞㻜㻜෇㻝ୡᖏ㻟㻡㻜෇㻝ୡᖏ㻞㻜㻜෇㻝෉㻞㻜㻜㻜෇㻟㻜ศ㻟㻜㻜෇㻝㻜ୡᖏ㻝༢఩㽢㻞㻜㻜෇㻝㻜ே㻟㻡㻜෇㻝෉㻡㻜㻜㻜෇㻝෉㻟㻜㻜㻜෇㻌⏫ྡ䛤䛸㻟㻜ศ㻟㻜㻜㻜෇㻝᫬㛫㻞㻜㻜㻜෇㻝ே┠㻟㻜㻜෇䡠㻞ே┠௨㝆㻝㻡㻜෇㻟㻜ศ㻞㻡㻜㻜෇䠄ᆅ༊䛤䛸䛾ୡᖏᩘ㻙㻝䠅㽢㻟㻜෇䠇ᇶᮏᡭᩘᩱ㻝㻡㻜෇䠙㻝㻣㻝㻢㻜෇㻝ே㻡㻜㻜෇㻝ே㻠㻡㻜෇㻝ୡᖏ㻠㻜㻜෇㻝ே㻟㻝㻡෇㻢㻜ศ㻡㻜㻜㻜෇㻝෉㻠㻡㻜㻜෇㻝ே㻞㻡㻜ே㻝෉㻟㻣㻡㻜෇㻝෉㻟㻡㻜㻜෇㻝ᆅ༊㻟㻜㻜㻜෇㻝ே㻝㻜㻜෇䛛㻝෉㻞㻜㻜㻜෇㻟㻜ศ㻟㻣㻜㻜෇䚸௨㝆㻟㻜ศ㻞㻝㻜㻜෇㻟㻜ศ㻞㻜㻜෇䛛䛴㻝ே㻟㻜㻜෇㻟㻜ศ㻝㻜㻜㻜෇䛛䛴㻝ே㻞㻜㻜෇㻟㻜ศ㻝㻜㻜㻜෇䛛䛴㻝ே㻝㻜㻜෇㻝ୡᖏ㻝㻡㻜෇㻝䢉䢛䡬䡸䢚㻟㻜㻜෇㻝෉㻝㻤㻜㻜෇㻢㻜ศ㻝㻞㻜㻜෇㻝᫬㛫㻝㻜㻜㻜෇㻝᫬㛫㻥㻜㻜෇㻝㻞ே䛷㻠㻜㻜෇㻝㻜ୡᖏ㻝༢఩㽢㻟㻜㻜෇㻢㻜ศ㻠㻜㻜෇㻞㻜ே㻟㻜㻜෇㻞㻜ே㻞㻜㻜෇㻝㻜㻜ே䜎䛷㻟㻜㻜෇㻜෇⥲ィᮾ᪥ᮏす᪥ᮏ㻡㻜㻝㻠㻝㻜㻣㻣㻣⥲ィ䠄ᆅⅬᩘ䠅 ⮬἞యྡ㻝㻝㻡㻟㻟㻝㻤㻝㻟㻝㻞㻤㻤㻣㻡㻞㻡㻞㻡㻠㻞㻠㻠㻠㻟㻟㻟㻟㻟㻟㻟㻟㻟㻞㻞㻞㻞㻞㻞㻢㻡㻝㻥㻤㻢㻡㻝㻤㻣㻡㻟㻟㻠㻞㻟㻟㻟㻞㻞㻞㻞㻞㻞㻝㻝 ᇸ⋢┴ᮾᯇᒣᕷ㻝㻝㻝㻝㻝㻝㻝㻝㻝㻝㻝㻝㻝㻝㻝㻝㻝㻝㻝㻝㻝㻝㻝㻝㻝㻝㻝㻝㻝㻡㻣㻝㻠㻟㻝 ⚟ᒸ┴⣆ᒇ㒆⠛ᰩ⏫
㻝㻝㻝㻝㻝㻝㻝㻝㻝㻝 ᇸ⋢┴᫓᪥㒊ᕷ㻝㻝㻝㻝㻝㻝㻝㻝㻝㻝㻝㻝㻝㻝㻝㻝㻝 ⚟ᓥ┴すⓑἙ㒆▮྿⏫
㻟㻜㻜ト㸧す᪥ᮏࡣឡ▱ࠊᒱ㜧ࠊᐩᒣࡢྛ┴௨す࡜ࡋࡓࠋ᪂₲ࠊ㛗㔝ࠊ㟼ᒸࡢྛ┴௨ᮾࡣᮾ᪥ᮏࠋ

『政策と調査』第７号

ᅗ⾲㸱㸬 ᖺ࡟ᐇ᪋ࡋࡓㄞ᭩ୡㄽㄪᰝ  ᆅⅬࡢ㜀ぴᡭᩘᩱࡢィ⟬᪉ἲ㻝㻠ᖺ䚷㜀ぴᡭᩘᩱ㻝ே㻟㻜㻜෇㻝ே㻞㻜㻜෇㻝ே㻟㻡㻜෇㻝ே㻝㻜㻜෇㻝ୡᖏ㻟㻜㻜෇㻝㻜ே㻟㻜㻜෇㻝෉㻝㻡㻜㻜෇㻝෉㻟㻜㻜㻜෇㻝㻜ே㻞㻜㻜෇㻟㻜ศ㻝㻜㻜㻜෇㻝෉㻞㻜㻜㻜෇㻟㻜ศ㻟㻜㻜㻜෇㻝ே㻞㻡㻜෇㻝ே㻝㻡㻜෇㻝㻜ே㻟㻡㻜෇㻝෉㻡㻜㻜㻜෇㻝ୡᖏ㻞㻜㻜෇㻝᫬㛫㻥㻜㻜෇୎┠䛤䛸䛻㻟㻜㻜㻜෇㻝ே㻡㻜㻜෇㻝ே㻠㻜㻜෇㻝෉㻝㻜㻜㻜㻜෇㻝ே㻠㻡㻜෇㻝෉㻟㻣㻡㻜෇㻟㻜ศ㻢㻜㻜㻜෇㻟㻜ศ㻞㻜㻜㻜෇㻝᫬㛫㻞㻜㻜㻜෇㻢㻜ศ㻝㻞㻜㻜෇㻢㻜ศ㻝㻜㻜㻜෇㻝᫬㛫㻡㻜㻜෇㻟㻜ศ㻝㻜㻜㻜෇䛛䛴㻝ே㻟㻜㻜෇㻟㻜ศ㻝㻜㻜㻜෇䛛䛴㻝ே㻞㻜㻜෇㻟㻜ศ㻝㻜㻜㻜෇䛛䛴㻝ே㻝㻜㻜෇㻟㻜ศ㻝㻜㻜㻜෇䛛䛴㻝ே㻣㻜෇㻟㻜ศ㻞㻜㻜෇䛛䛴㻝ே㻞㻜㻜෇㻟㻜ศ㻝㻡㻜㻜෇㻟㻜ศ㻢㻜㻜෇㻢㻜ศ㻠㻜㻜෇㻟㻜ศ㻟㻜㻜෇㻟㻜ศ㻞㻜㻜෇㻝䝨䞊䝆䠄㻟㻞ே䠅㻟㻜㻜෇㻝䝨䞊䝆㻟㻜㻜෇㻝ே┠㻟㻜㻜෇䡠௨㝆㻝ே㻝㻡㻜෇㻝ୡᖏ㻟㻜㻜෇䛛㻝෉㻝㻡㻜㻜෇㻝ே┠㻟㻜㻜෇䚸௨㝆㻝ே㻟㻜෇㻝ே┠㻞㻜㻜෇䚸௨㝆㻝ே㻞㻜෇㻝ୡᖏ㻝㻜㻜෇㻝෉㻝㻜㻜㻜෇㻝෉㻟㻜㻜෇㻡ே㻟㻜㻜෇㻞㻜ே㻞㻜㻜෇⥲ィᮾ᪥ᮏす᪥ᮏ㻠㻢㻝㻟㻝㻝㻥㻣㻤㻣㻣㻢㻡㻟㻟⥲ィ䠄ᆅⅬᩘ䠅㻢㻢㻞㻟㻣㻤㻡㻥㻝㻣㻞㻞㻟㻞㻞㻞㻞㻝㻝㻝㻝㻝㻝㻝㻝㻝㻝㻝㻝㻝㻝㻝㻝㻝㻝㻝㻝㻝㻝㻝㻝㻞㻝㻝㻝㻝㻡㻤⮬἞యྡ㻝㻝㻞㻟㻢㻝㻤㻝㻣㻝㻞㻥㻤㻤㻣㻣㻢㻡㻡㻡㻟㻞㻞㻞㻞㻞 ⚟ᒸ┴ྂ㈡ᕷ䚸⚟ᒸ┴⣆ᒇ㒆ᚿච⏫
㻞㻝 㛗㔝┴ୖ⏣ᕷ㻝㻝㻝 ᮾி㒔┠㯮༊㻝㻝㻝㻝㻝㻝㻝㻝㻝㻝㻝㻝㻝㻝㻝㻝㻝㻝㻝 ᶓ὾ᕷ☾Ꮚ༊㻝㻝㻝㻝㻝㻝㻝㻟㻜㻜㻝㻝㻝㻝㻝㻝㻠㻞㛗㔝┴ୖ⏣ᕷࡣ⡙෉㸯෉࡟ࡘࡁ 10000 ෇࡜㧗㢠࡛࠶ࡿࠋ⡙෉ࡣ኱Ꮠࡈ࡜࡟సࡽࢀࠊఫẸ5000 ே༢఩࡛㸯෉࡟཰㘓ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡑࡢ኱Ꮠࡢேཱྀࡀ 6000 ே࡞ࡽ㸰෉࡟ࢃࡓࡗ࡚཰㘓ࡉࢀࠊㄪᰝᑐ㇟⪅ࡀ㸰෉┠࡟ࡶධࡗ࡚࠸ࢀࡤᡭᩘᩱࡣ㸰୓෇࡟࡞ࡿࠋᮾி㒔┠㯮༊ࡣ30 ศ࡛6000 ෇ࡶ࠿࠿ࡿࠋ
㸯ศ࡛ࡶ㉸㐣ࡍࡿ࡜ࡉࡽ࡟6000 ෇ຍ⟬ࡉࢀࠊᡭᩘᩱࡀ㸯୓ 2000 ෇࡟࡞ࡿࡢ࡛ࠊ
㜀ぴࢆ30 ศ㛫࡛⤊ࢃࡽࡏࡼ࠺࡜↔ࡿࡇ࡜ࡋࡁࡾ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ

『政策と調査』第７号

㜀ぴᡭᩘᩱࡢච㝖ࡸῶ㢠ไᗘࡣ࡯࡜ࢇ࡝ぢࡽࢀ࡞ࡃ࡞ࡗࡓࠋ01 ᖺ࡟ࡣ↓ᩱࡢᆅⅬࡀከᩘ
࠶ࡾࠊ06 ᖺࡣୡㄽㄪᰝᐊဨࡀ㒔ෆ 23 ༊࡬ࡢ㜀ぴ⏦ㄳ᫬࡟ᡭᩘᩱࡢච㝖࣭ῶ㢠౫㢗᭩ࢆྛ༊࡟ᥦฟࡋ࡚࠾ࡾࠊ㝸ୡࡢឤࡀ࠶ࡿࠋ኱㒔ᕷ࡛ࡣᮐᖠᕷ໭༊ࡀ 2010 ᖺ 3 ᭶ᮎ᪥ࡲ࡛ච㝖ไᗘࢆタࡅ࡚࠸ࡓࡀࠊ⌧ᅾච㝖ࡣබ⏝㸦⾜ᨻᶵ㛵࡟ࡼࡿ㜀ぴ㸧࡟㝈ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ᭱㏆㜀ぴᡭᩘᩱࡀ↓ᩱࡔࡗࡓࡢࡣࠊ13 ᖺ࡟ᆅⅬ࡟ᙜࡓࡗࡓ⚟ᓥ┴すⓑἙ㒆▮྿⏫ࡔࡅ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ
᫬㛫༢఩࡛ᡭᩘᩱࢆィ⟬ࡍࡿሙྜࠊࡓ࡜࠼㉸㐣᫬㛫ࡀ㸯ศ࡛ࡶ᫬㛫༢఩ࡢᐃ㢠ᡭᩘᩱ࡛ㄳồࡍࡿ࡜࠸࠺⮬἞యࡶ࠶ࢀࡤࠊ⤒㈝ࡀᢚ࠼ࡽࢀࡿࡼ࠺࡟ᰂ㌾࡟ᑐᛂࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ⮬἞యࡶ࠶ࡿࠋᶓ὾ᕷ☾Ꮚ༊ࡣ㸯ୡᖏ 300 ෇࠿ࠊ⡙෉㸯෉ࡈ࡜࡟ 1500 ෇࠿ࡢ஧㏻ࡾࡢ㜀ぴᡭᩘᩱ࡛㐠⏝ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋᢳฟᑐ㇟⪅ࡀ㸯ேࡔࡅูࡢ⡙෉࡟㍕ࡗ࡚࠸ࡓሙྜࠊ㸰෉ศࡢᩱ㔠ࡔ࡜㧗ࡃ࡞ࡿࡓࡵࠊ㸯ୡᖏ 300 ෇࡛ィ⟬ࡍࡿ࡜࠸࠺ලྜ࡛࠶ࡿࠋᇸ⋢┴᫓᪥㒊ᕷࡶࠊ㸯ே 100 ෇࠿ᆅ༊ࡈ࡜ࡢ⡙෉㸯෉ 2000 ෇࠿ࡢ࡝ࡕࡽ࠿Ᏻ࠸᪉ࢆᡭᩘᩱ࡜ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ㸲㸬ᢳฟࡢᐇ᪋ୖࡢၥ㢟࡜ᨵၿⅬᐇ㝿࡟඲ᅜ࡛ᢳฟࡀጞࡲࡿ࡜ࠊࡉࡲࡊࡲ࡞ၥ㢟ࡀୡㄽㄪᰝᐊ࡟ᐤࡏࡽࢀࡿࠋ↓సⅭᛶࢆᢸಖࡍࡿࡓࡵࠊᢳฟࡣ୍ᐃࡢ࣮ࣝࣝ࡟ࡋࡓࡀࡗ࡚⾜࠺ࡢࡔࡀࠊᢳฟࡢព࿡ࢆ⌮ゎࡋ࡞࠸⮬἞యࢆぢ࠿ࡅࡿࠋẖ᪥᪂⪺♫ࡣ⌧ᅾࠊ୍ᐃࡢ࣮ࣝࣝ࡟ࡋࡓࡀࡗ࡚㸯ே┠ࡢㄪᰝᑐ㇟⪅ࢆỴࡵࡓᚋࠊࡑࡇ࠿ࡽỴࡵࡽࢀࡓ࣮࣌ࢪᩘࡔࡅ㣕ࡤࡋ࡚ḟࡢᑐ㇟⪅ࢆỴࡵ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡔࡀࠊ㣕ࡤࡋࡓ࣮࣌ࢪ࡟グ㍕ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ඲ேᩘศࡢ㜀ぴᡭᩘᩱࢆㄳồࡋ࡚ࡃࡿ⮬἞యࡀ࠶ࡿࠋ࠾ࡑࡽࡃᇸ⋢┴ᮾᯇᒣᕷ࡜ྠࡌࡼ࠺࡞ᡭᩘᩱ᮲౛ࢆᇶ࡟ࠊᐇ㝿ࡢ㜀ぴࡢ᭷↓࡟࠿࠿ࢃࡾ࡞ࡃࠊィ⟬ᘧ࡛ᶵᲔⓗ࡟ᩱ㔠ࢆỴࡵ࡚࠸ࡿࡢ࡛࠶ࢁ࠺ࠋᙜ↛㠀ᖖ࡟㧗㢠࡟࡞ࡿࠋᢳฟࡢ㝿ࡢᐇ㝿ၥ㢟࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊ㣕ࡤࡋࡓ࣮࣌ࢪࡢఫẸ᝟ሗࢆぢࡿᚲせࡣ࡞࠸ࠋ௬࡟ぢࡓ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡶᡤᐃࡢ᫬㛫ෆ࡟඲ဨศ㜀ぴࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡞࡝࡛ࡁࡿࢃࡅࡀ࡞࠸ࠋ
ࡑࢀ࡟ࡶ࠿࠿ࢃࡽࡎࠊ
ࠕ᮲౛ࡢつᐃࡔࠖ࡜ゝࡗ࡚ࠊἲእ࡞㜀ぴᡭᩘᩱࢆㄳồࡋ࡚ࡃࡿࠋㄪᰝ⤒㈝ࡣᅽ㏕ࡉࢀࡿࡋࠊ㜀ぴ࡟ࡣ኱ࡁ࡞㞀ᐖ࡜࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
ࡇ࠺ࡋࡓ஦౛࡟ᑐࡋ࡚ࡣࠊ฿ᗏᢎఅࡋ࠿ࡡࡿ᪨ࢆୡㄽㄪᰝᐊࡀ⮬἞య࡟ఏ࠼ࠊ㌿グศࡢ
㜀ぴᡭᩘᩱ࡛ⴠࡕ╔ࡃࡼ࠺᫬㛫ࢆ࠿ࡅ࡚஺΅ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡛࿴ゎࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ⮬἞యࡀୡㄽㄪᰝ
ᐊࡢ୺ᙇ࡟⣡ᚓࡏࡎࠊྠᵝ࡟㧗㢠ࡢ㜀ぴᡭᩘᩱࢆㄳồࡉࢀࡓࢣ࣮ࢫࡶ࠶ࡗࡓࡀࠊ⌧ᆅࡢ࣋ࢸࣛࣥᨭᒁဨࡀ⮬἞య࡜ࡢ஺΅ࢆ⥆ࡅࡓ⤖ᯝࠊጇᙜ࡞㜀ぴᡭᩘᩱ࡛཰ࡲࡗࡓࠋ
ูࡢ஦౛ࡶ࠶ࡿࠋ࠶ࡿ⮬἞య࡛ࡣᨭᒁဨࢆ㜀ぴ⪅࡜ࡋ࡚ㄆࡵࡎࠊᕷࡢ⫋ဨࡀ┤᥋ᢳฟࡍࡿࠋᨭᒁဨࡀ㜀ぴࡍࡿ࡜ࠊㄪᰝᑐ㇟⪅ࡔࡅ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃࠊࡑࡢ࿘㎶࡟グ㍕ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿಶேࡢ᝟ሗࡲ࡛ぢࡽࢀࡿ࠾ࡑࢀࡀ࠶ࡿࡓࡵࠊ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࡽࡋ࠸ࠋ
ࡇࢀ࡟ࡣ኱࠸࡟ၥ㢟ࡀ࠶ࡿࠋ㒑㏦᪉ᘧ࡟ษࡾ᭰࠼ࡿ࡟ᙜࡓࡗ࡚ࠊẖ᪥᪂⪺♫ࡣ 13 ᖺ࡟ᢳฟࡢ࣮ࣝࣝࢆ୍᪂ࡋࠊ୍࠿ࡽసࡾ᭰࠼ࡓࠋࡑࢀࡲ࡛ࡢࡸࡾ᪉࡜ࡣ඲ࡃ㐪࠺ࡓࡵࠊᨭᒁဨ࡟ࡑࡢ࣮ࣝࣝࢆṇ☜࡟⌮ゎࡋ࡚ࡶࡽࡗ࡚ᢳฟࢆᐇ᪋ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀࠊㄪᰝࡢᡂྰࡢ࢝ࢠࢆᥱࡗ
࡚࠸ࡿࠋ࣮ࣝࣝࡢㄝ᫂᭩ࢆࠕᢳฟ࣐ࢽࣗ࢔ࣝࠖ࡜࿧ࢇ࡛࠸ࡿࡀࠊ᳨ウẁ㝵࠿ࡽ࠿࠿ࢃࡗ࡚
࠸ࡿୡㄽㄪᰝᐊဨ࡛ࡍࡽࠊᢳฟ࣐ࢽࣗ࢔ࣝࢆ㢌࡟ࡓࡓࡁ㎸ࢇ࡛㜀ぴ࡟⮫ࡲ࡞࠸࡜ࠊṇࡋࡃ『政策と調査』第７号

ᢳฟࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡣ࠾ࡰࡘ࠿࡞࠸ࠋ⮬἞యࡢ୍᪉ⓗ࡞㒔ྜ࡛⮬἞యࡢ⫋ဨࡀᢳฟࡋ࡚ࡋࡲ࠺࡜ࠊ
↓సⅭᛶࡀᢸಖࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡢ࠿࡝࠺࠿ࢃ࠿ࡽ࡞࠸ࠋࡸࡾ᪉ࡀ࠾࠿ࡋ࠸ሙྜࡣᨭᒁဨ࡟ᢳฟ
ࢆࡸࡾ┤ࡋ࡚ࡶࡽ࠺ࡇ࡜ࡀ࠶ࡿࡀࠊ⮬἞య⫋ဨ࡟ࡑࢀࢆồࡵࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࡢ࠿ࠋᢳฟࡀ㛫㐪ࡗ࡚࠸ࡓሙྜࠊ⫋ဨࢆᏊ⣽࡟ၥ࠸ワࡵ࡚ࠊ࡝ࡇࡀ㛫㐪ࡗ࡚࠸ࡓࡢ࠿ᛮ࠸ฟࡋ࡚ࡶࡽ࠺ࡢࡣ⌧ᐇⓗ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࠋ᭱ࡶ㦫࠸ࡓࡢࡣḟ࡟ᣲࡆࡿ஦౛ࡔࠋᢳฟ࣐ࢽࣗ࢔ࣝ࡟ἢࡗ࡚ࠊ࠶ࡿ⮬἞య࡟ఫẸᇶᮏྎᖒࡢ㸯࣮࣌ࢪᙜࡓࡾࡢグ㍕ேᩘࢆၥ࠸ྜࢃࡏࡓ࡜ࡇࢁࠊ㸯࣮࣌ࢪ࡟㸯ேࡋ࠿㍕ࡏ࡚࠸࡞࠸
࡜࠸࠺ࠋ᪂ࡓ࡞ᢳฟ࣐ࢽࣗ࢔࡛ࣝࡣࠊ㸯࣮࣌ࢪ࡟㸯ேࡢሙྜࠊḟࡢㄪᰝᑐ㇟⪅ࢆỴࡵࡿ㝿࡟㠀ᖖ࡟ᡭ㛫ࡀ࠿࠿ࡿࠋ㸯࣮࣌ࢪ࡟㸯ேࡢᥖ㍕ࡣ஦๓࡟᝿ᐃࡉࢀ࡚࠸࡞࠿ࡗࡓࡓࡵࠊㄪᰝᑐ㇟⪅ࢆỴࡵࡿィ⟬᪉ἲࢆ᪂ࡓ࡟సࡿࡇ࡜࡟࡞ࡾࠊసᴗ࡟࡜ࡾ࠿࠿ࡗࡓࠋ⩣ᮅࠊࡑࡢ⮬἞య࠿ࡽ㟁ヰࡀ࠶ࡾࠊྎᖒࢆసࡾ᭰࠼ࡓ᪉ࡀ࠸࠸࠿࡜ၥ࠸ྜࢃࡏࡀ࠶ࡗࡓࠋᢳฟࢆ෇⁥࡟㐍ࡵࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࡣࠊᶆ‽ⓗ࡞య⿢ࡢ᪉ࡀ࠶ࡾࡀࡓ࠸ࠋ௚ࡢ⮬἞య࡛ࡣྎᖒࡢᙧᘧࡀ࡝࠺࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ࠿ࠊ࠸ࡃࡘ࠿౛ࢆఏ࠼ࡓ࡜ࡇࢁࠊࡑ࠺ࡋࡓᶆ‽ⓗ࡞య⿢࡟సࡾ᭰࠼ࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࠋ┦ᙜ᫬㛫ࡀ࠿࠿ࡿࡢ࡛ࡣ࡜ᛮࡗ࡚ᑜࡡࡿ࡜ࠊ࡞ࢇ࡜ࠕ㸯᪥࡛࡛ࡁࡲࡍࠖ࡜ࡢ㏉஦࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋࡑࡢ⩣᪥ࠊᶆ‽ⓗ࡞ྎᖒ࡟᭰ࢃࡗࡓ࠾࠿ࡆ࡛ᢳฟࡣࢫ࣒࣮ࢬ࡟㐍ࡳࠊ↓஦඲ဨࢆᢳฟ࡛ࡁࡓࠋ⮬἞యࡢᑐᛂࡢ㏿ࡉ࡟ࡶ㦫࠸ࡓ஦౛࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡑࡢ࡯࠿ࠊබ༳࡜ࡋ࡚♫㛗༳ࢆồࡵࡿ⮬἞యࡀࡇࡢᩘᖺ࡛㠀ᖖ࡟ቑ࠼࡚ࡁࡓࡓࡵࠊ᫖ᖺ࠿ࡽබ༳ࡣ♫㛗༳࡟⤫୍ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋᐇົ㈐௵⪅ࡓࡿୡㄽㄪᰝᐊࡢᐊ㛗༳ࢆᢲ༳ࡍࡿࡢࡀᇶᮏࡔࡗࡓࡀࠊᢲ༳ࡍࡿࡢࡣᐊ㛗༳࡞ࡢ࠿ࠊ♫㛗༳࡞ࡢ࠿ࠊྜࢃࡏ࡚♫༳ࡶᚲせ࡞ࡢ࠿ࠊᨭᒁ࡬ࡢၥ࠸ྜࢃࡏ࡜᭩㢮ࡢ㑅ࡾศࡅ࡟᫬㛫ࡀ࠿࠿ࡿࡼ࠺࡟࡞ࡗࡓࡓࡵ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ♫㛗༳࡟⤫୍ᚋࠊసᴗ᫬㛫ࡣ࠿࡞ࡾ▷⦰ࡉࢀࡓࠋ⮬἞యࡣᡭ⥆ࡁୖࡢព࿡ࡼࡾࡶࠊ㜀ぴ⏦ㄳ⪅ࡢἲே࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢ❧ሙࢆ㔜どࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡼ࠺࡛࠶ࡿࠋ
㜀ぴ࡟㝿ࡋ࡚㞀ᐖ࡜࡞ࡿࠊ⮬἞యഃࡢࡇ࠺ࡋࡓ↹⍢࡞ᡭ⥆ࡁࢆゎᾘࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࡣࠊఱࢆ
ࡋ࡞ࡅࢀࡤ࡞ࡽ࡞࠸࠿ࠋ㜀ぴ⏦ㄳ᭩㢮ࡢཷ⌮࠿ࡽᑂᰝࠊᐇ㝿ࡢᢳฟ࡟⮳ࡿࡲ࡛ࡢᶆ‽ⓗ࡞㐣⛬ࡀ෇⁥࡟㐍ࡴࡼ࠺࡟ࠊ⥲ົ┬ࡣྛ⮬἞యࡢᢸᙜ⪅ࢆ㞟ࡵ࡚◊ಟࢆࡋ࡚ࡣ࠸࠿ࡀࡔࢁ࠺ࠋ◊ಟ᫬࡟⌧≧ࡢ㜀ぴ㛵㐃஦ົࡢࡸࡾ᪉ࢆሗ࿌ࡋྜ࠼ࡤࠊࡑࡢ୰࠿ࡽᶆ‽ⓗ࡞஦ົసᴗࡸ㐠⏝᪉ἲࢆぢࡘࡅฟࡏࡿࠋከࡃࡢ⮬἞యࡀ᥇⏝ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿᶆ‽ⓗ࡞஦ົసᴗࡢᡭ㡰ࢆඹ᭷ࡋࠊᢸᙜ⪅ࡢ⩦⇍ᗘࢆࢳ࢙ࢵࢡࡋ࡞ࡀࡽࠊ㒔ᕷつᶍ࡞࡝⮬἞యࡢᐇ᝟࡟ᛂࡌࡓࣔࢹࣝࢣ࣮ࢫࢆసࡗ࡚࠸ࡃࡇ࡜ࡀ୍ࡘࡢᡭࡔ࡜⪃࠼ࡿࠋᆅ᪉⮬἞ࡢ᫬௦ࠊࡑࢀࡒࢀࡢ⮬἞యࡀ⮬ࡽࡢ⿢㔞࡛ࡉࡲࡊࡲ࡞ࡇ࡜ࢆỴࡵ࡚⾜ᨻ஦ົࢆ㐍ࡵ࡚࠸ࡿࡀࠊἲᚊୖࡢつᐃࡸไᗘࢆ▱ࡽ࡞࠸ࡲࡲࠊ஦ົసᴗࢆࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ⮬἞య⫋ဨࡀᑡ࡞࠿ࡽࡎ࠸ࡿࠋᥦฟ᭩㢮ࢆቑࡸࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࡎࡽ࡟㜀ぴࡢࣁ࣮ࢻࣝࢆୖࡆࡿࡔࡅ࡛ࡣࠊ⏦ㄳ⪅ࡢ཯ឤࢆ㈙࠺࡟㐣ࡂࡎࠊಶே᝟ሗࢆಖㆤࡍࡿ࠺ࡲ࠸ࡸࡾ᪉࡜ࡣゝ࠼࡞࠸ࠋබ┈ᛶࡢ㧗࠸ୡㄽㄪᰝ࡟క࠺ᢳฟసᴗࡀࠊ⁫ࡾ࡞ࡃ෇⁥࡟㐍ࡴࡼ࠺࡟ྲྀࡾィࡽ࠸ࠊㄪᰝࡢ⮬⏤ᗘࢆಖドࡍࡿࠋࡇࢀࡀẸ୺୺⩏ࡢᅵྎࢆ☜࠿࡞ࡶࡢ࡟ࡋࠊࡦ࠸࡚ࡣࣉࣛ࢖ࣂࢩ࣮࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡼࡾከࡃࡢேࡓࡕࡀ⪃࠼ࡿࡁࡗ࠿ࡅ࡟࡞ࡿࡇ࡜ࡔࢁ࠺ࠋ㸯᪥ࡶ᪩ࡃࡑࡢ᪥ࡀ᮶ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ㢪࠸ࡓ࠸ࠋ

『政策と調査』第７号

㸳㸬⤊ࢃࡾ࡟
ၥ㢟Ⅼࡤ࠿ࡾᣦ᦬ࡋࡓࡀࠊ኱༙ࡢ⮬἞యࡢ⫋ဨࡢ᪉ࠎࡣࠊሗ㐨ᶵ㛵ࡢୡㄽㄪᰝࡢ┠ⓗࢆ⌮ゎࡋࠊ⏦ㄳ࡟࠿࠿ࢃࡿ⾜ᨻୖࡢ஦ົࢆ㎿㏿࡟⾜ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋᰂ㌾࡟ྲྀࡾᢅࡗ࡚࠸ࡓࡔࡃࡇ࡜ࡶࡋࡤࡋࡤ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ඲ᅜࡢྲྀᮦᣐⅬࡢグ⪅࡜࡜ࡶ࡟ࠊྛᕷ༊⏫ᮧࡢ⫋ဨࡢ᪉ࠎࡢከ኱࡞ປⱞ࡞ࡃࡋ࡚ࠊ඲ᅜࢆᑐ㇟࡟ࡋࡓୡㄽㄪᰝࡣᡂ❧ࡋ࡞࠸ࠋၥ࠸ྜࢃࡏ࡞࡝࡛᪥㡭࠾ᡭᩘࢆ࠾࠿ࡅࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࠊࡇࡢሙࢆ೉ࡾ࡚ཌࡃᚚ♩ࢆ⏦ࡋୖࡆࡿḟ➨࡛࠶ࡿࠋ㸦ẖ᪥᪂⪺♫㸧ࠑཧ⪃ᩥ⊩ࠒᒾ஭⣖Ꮚ࣭✄ⴥኴ୍ࠕఫẸᇶᮏྎᖒࡢ㜀ぴไᗘ࡜♫఍ㄪᰝ㸫JGSS-2005 ࡛ࡢᢳฟ࠿ࡽࡳࡓၥ㢟Ⅼ࡜ᑐᛂ㸫ࠖࠗ᪥ᮏ∧ General Social Surveys ◊✲ㄽᩥ㞟㹙5㹛JGSS ࡛ぢࡓ᪥ᮏேࡢព㆑࡜⾜ື࠘኱㜰ၟᴗ኱Ꮫẚ㍑ᆅᇦ◊✲ᡤࠊ161-178ࠊ2006 ᖺ⥲ົ┬ࠗఫẸᇶᮏྎᖒࡢ㜀ぴไᗘ➼ࡢ࠶ࡾ᪉࡟㛵ࡍࡿ᳨ウ఍ሗ࿌᭩࠘
ࠊ2005 ᖺ᪥Ụ஭ಇ⏨ࠕ㜀ぴไᗘぢ┤ࡋ࡟ࡼࡿ᪂⪺♫ࡢㄪᰝ࡬ࡢᙳ㡪ࠖࠗࡼࢁࢇ࠘➨ 97 ྕࠊ45-47ࠊ
2006 ᖺᰡ஭㐨ኵࠕ᪥ᮏୡㄽㄪᰝ༠఍࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢぢゎࠖࠗࡼࢁࢇ࠘➨ 97 ྕࠊ55-57ࠊ2006 ᖺ