Honda
Y-E-S Forum2021 online
Integrating Sustainability into
Future Urban Design—Sustainability for a Better Quality of Life—

Contents

Profile of ParticipantsProfile of Participants .......................................................................................................................................................................................... 2

Day 1
Opening Remarks ..................................................................................................................................................................................................... 7
Mr. Hiroto Ishida, President, Honda Foundation
Mr. Thanh Yen Le, Founder & CEO, Phenikaa MaaS Technology JSC, 2015 Honda Y-E-S Awardee

Keynote Speech 1 .................................................................................................................................................................................................. 11
Urban Design
Prof. Takeru Sakai, Professor, Campus Planning Office, Graduate School of
Human-Environment Studies, Kyushu University

Keynote Speech 2 .................................................................................................................................................................................................. 27
Mobility Challenges to achieve Smart City
Prof. Takashi Oguchi, Professor, Institute of industrial Science (IIS), The University of Tokyo

Poster Contest Presentation ................................................................................................................................................................. 37
Entry List and Results of Research Poster Contest

Day 2
Keynote Speech 3 ...................................................................................................................................................................................................... 43
Good Urban Management for Sustainable Cities
Mr. Kiyoshi Amada, Director General, Infrastructure Management Department,
Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA)

Presentations by the Y-E-S Awardees ........................................................................................................................................ 49
Myanmar

Ensuring Urban Sustainability through Green Infrastructure

Cambodia

Renewable Energy Transition in Cambodia’s Electricity Sector

Vietnam

Integrating Sustainability into Urban Transportation in SEA

Laos

Future urban design for Eco-society Integrated Implementation
on Long-term Designing the Wetland for Eco-society
Case study: That Luang Wetland, Vientiane Capital

India

Data Driven Approach of Future Urban Design for Eco-society

Panel Discussion 1 .................................................................................................................................................................................................... 73
The Role of Industry, Academia and Government Collaborationfor Sustainable Development in Future Urban Design

Panel Discussion 2 .................................................................................................................................................................................................... 77
Youth’s Involvement in Designing a Low-Carbon Emerging City

Comments on Research Poster Contest .................................................................................................................................. 81
Dr. Kazuko Matsumoto, Executive Director, Honda Foundation Honorary Adviser,
Japan Education and Research Support Foundation

Closing Remarks .......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 83
Dr. Akira Kojima, Advisor, Japan Center for Economic Research
Ms. Suu Malar Win, Junior Environmental and Social Expert, Myanmar Koei Int'l Ltd.,2016 Honda Y-E-S Awardee

Profile of Participants

Day 1 Opening Remarks
Opening Remarks
Mr. Hiroto Ishida,

Mr. Le Yen Thanh,President of Honda Foundation

Founder & CEO, Phenikaa MaaSTechnology JSC, 2015 Honda
Y-E-S Awardee

Day 1 Keynote Speeches
Keynote Speech 1
Prof. Takeru Sakai,
Professor, Campus Planning Office, Graduate School of
Human-Environment Studies, Kyushu University

Keynote Speech 2
Prof. Takashi Oguchi,
Professor, Institute of industrial Science (IIS),The University of Tokyo

2

Profile of Participants

Day 2 Keynote Speech
Keynote Speech 3
Mr. Kiyoshi Amada,
Director General, Infrastructure Management Department,
Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA)

Day 2 Panel Discussion 1
Panel Discussion 1 Facilitator
Dr. Atsushi Sunami,
Executive Advisor to the President, Adjunct Professor,
National Graduate Institute for Policy Studies (GRIPS);
President, Sasakawa Peace Foundation

Panel Discussion 1 Panelists
Prof. Takashi Oguchi,

Ms. Kaori Isawa,

Professor, Institute of industrial Science (IIS),The University of Tokyo

PhD Student, The University of Tokyo

Mr. Satyam Mohla,

Mr. Kiyoshi Amada,
Director General, Infrastructure Management Department,
Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA)

New Value Creation at Digital Transformation
Supervisory Unit, Honda Innovation Lab, Tokyo, 2017
Honda Y-E-S Awardee

Ms. TRAN Thi To Uyen,

Mr. Le Yen Thanh,

PhD Student, The University of Tokyo

Founder & CEO, Phenikaa MaaS Technology JSC,
2015 Honda Y-E-S Awardee

3

Profile of Participants

Day 2 Panel Discussion 2
Panel Discussion 2 Facilitator
Dr. Mitsunobu KANO,
Executive Director of Honda Foundation; Vice Executive Director andProfessor, Okayama University

Panel Discussion 2 Panelists
Prof. Takeru Sakai, 

Mr. Pel Cheapanhasith,

Professor, Campus Planning Office, Graduate School of
Human-Environment Studies, Kyushu University

Technical Officer, Electricite du Cambodge, 2015 Honda
Y-E-S Awardee

Mr. Shota Tabata,

Ms. Khandala Khamphila,

PhD Student, The University of Tokyo

Lecturer, Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry, Champasack
University, Lao PDR, 2009 Honda Y-E-S Awardee

Mr. Dinh Truong Giang,

Mr. Pyae Phyo Kyaw,

Alpha Edu, 2018 Honda Y-E-S Awardee

Project Consultant, Mandalay's WaterWorX Project, 2015
Honda Y-E-S Awardee

Ms. Bindu Sancheti,
Investments at Nexus Venture Partners, 2017 Honda
Y-E-S Awardee

Day 2 Closing Remarks
Closing Remarks
Dr. Akira KOJIMA,

Ms. Suu Malar Win,

Advisor, Japan Center for
Economic Research

Junior Environmental and Social
Expert, Myanmar Koei Int'l Ltd.,2016 Honda Y-E-S Awardee

4

Profile of Participants

Y-E-S Attendees
What is Honda Y-E-S Program?
Honda Foundation started the Honda Y-E-S (Young Engineer and Scientist’s) Award program to foster
future leaders of science and technology fields in 2006. It is implemented in Vietnam, India, Cambodia, Lao
PDR and Myanmar, and Bangladesh from 2019. It is distinctive in that it is not restricted to tuition but may
be used for a broad range of activities. Another very unique characteristic of the system is that its details arematched to the receiving country’s needs and circumstances. Furthermore, the awardees
can receive an additional grant, Honda Y-E-S Award Plus/Honda Y-E-S Plus Expansion, if they continue
their study and training within certain period after the receipt of the Honda Y-E-S Award, either via
master’s, doctoral, or study abroad programs in Japanese universities, or via internship programs inJapanese research organizations or private companies. We also hold the Honda Y-E-S Forum to engage
young scientists and engineers from Japan and other Asian countries, including the Honda Y-E-S
awardees, in discussion with experts in various fields, on issues in modern society examined from theperspective of young scientists and engineers.

VietnamLe Yen Thanh
1. 2015 Y-E-S Awardee
2. Founder and CEO,Phenikaa MaaSTechnology JSC
3. Opening Remarks andPanel Discussion 1

1. Y-E-S Award Year 2. Current Affiliation 3. Program to appear

Nguyen Van
Quang

Dinh TruongGiang

1. 2017 Y-E-S Awardee
2. PhD Student, Tohoku
University
3. Keynote speeches andPoster Contest
Presentations of thefirst day (as amoderator)

1. 2018 Y-E-S Awardee
2. Alpha Edu
3. Presentation by the
Y-E-S Awardee andPanel Discussion 2

India

1. Y-E-S Award Year 2. Current Affiliation 3. Program to appear

Bindu Sancheti

Aniket Kamthe

Satyam Mohla

1. 2017 Y-E-S Awardee
2. Investments at Nexus
Venture Partners
3. Presentation by the
Y-E-S Awardees andPanel Discussion 2

1. 2017 Y-E-S Awardee
2. Associate Consultant,
Bain and Company

1. 2017 Y-E-S Awardee
2. New Value Creation at
Digital Transformation
Supervisory Unit, Honda
Innovation Lab, Tokyo
3. Keynote speech andPresentations by
Honda Y-E-S Awardeesof the second day (as amoderator) and Panel
Discussion 1

5Profile of Participants

Cambodia

1. Y-E-S Award Year 2. Current Affiliation 3. Program to appear

Song
Vergenylundy

CheapanhasithPel

1. 2018 Y-E-S Awardee
2. Master Student, Tech
University of Korea
3. Presentation by the
Y-E-S Awardees

1. 2015 Y-E-S Awardee
2. Technical Officer,
Electricite duCambodge
3. Panel Discussion 2

Lao PDR
Leego VANH
1. 2012 Y-E-S Awardee
2. Tourism Division(Department ofInformation andTourism) of Luang
Namtha Province, Lao
PDR
3. Presentation by the
Y-E-S Awardees

1. Y-E-S Award Year 2. Current Affiliation 3. Program to appear

Khandala
Khamphila
1. 2009 Y-E-S Awardee
2. Lecturer, Faculty ofAgriculture andForestry, Champasack
University, Lao PDR
3. Panel Discussion 2

Myanmar

1. Y-E-S Award Year 2. Current Affiliation 3. Program to appear

Pyae Phyo Kyaw

Suu Malar Win

1. 2015 Y-E-S Awardee
2. Project Consultant,
Mandalay’s WaterWorX
Project
3. Panel Discussion 2

1. 2016 Y-E-S Awardee
2. Junior Environmental
and Social Expert,
Myanmar Koei Int’l Ltd.
3. Presentation by the
Y-E-S Awardees andClosing Remarks

6

Opening Remarks
Day 1

Opening Remarks

Mr. Hiroto Ishida
President of Honda Foundation

Greetings from President at the Y-E-S Forum
Thank you for the introduction.
I would like to thank everyone who joined today’s
forum accessing from countries across the world.
On the occasion of holding this forum, I would
like to deeply express my gratitude for all the support
and cooperation from diverse fields, including guest
speakers, Y-E-S administration offices, and its affiliateduniversities who promoted this forum and the
Research Poster Contest under various restrictions by
the spread of the novel coronavirus. At the same time,
we would like to express our sincere thanks to all thehealthcare workers and related people involved intackling the pandemic all over the world for their
dedication and efforts.
Our Honda Foundation was established by Honda
brothers, Soichiro and Benjiro in 1977. The reason why
they created the Foundation is to promote the conceptof ecotechnology.
This concept is based upon Soichiro’s very strong
belief that technology is not merely for efficiency or
profit, but should be created and used in harmony withnature and social environment. Then ecotechnology isvery wide concept and it includes various fields oftechnology for human happiness.
For this purpose, Honda Foundation are carryingout 4 activities. These are, Hosting International
Symposia, Donating Honda Prize, Hosting Colloquia,and Developing Y-E-S Award program.
Y-E-S Award aims to discover and foster the next
generation of young engineering and scientific leaders
who will pursue ecotechnology in Asian countries,

starting with Vietnam in 2006, followed by India, Laos,
Cambodia, Myanmar and Bangladesh. Since 2015, thisHonda Y-E-S Forum has been organized as an extensionof the award program. Its main purpose is to create
opportunities for young people to learn about cuttingedge theories in science and technology andexperience them in practice, providing a venue for thegrowth of young scientists of the future.
It also aims to expand the human network
through communications among awardees and withother scientists through cooperation between
countries involved in the program. PCM, Preparation
Committee Members, consisting of Y-E-S awardees
from each country, have planned, discussed, andorganized the forum from the scratch.
This 4th Y-E-S Forum was planned to be held lastyear in Tokyo but we were driven to postpone it due
to COVID-19.
Our PCM, however, changed their mind to hold it
online for the first time and tried to revise the program
to fit online format.
We are so proud of their forward-looking attitudeand hard work.
It exactly is one of big harvests they learnt fromthis forum.
As Albert Einstein once said: “in the middle ofdifficulty, lies opportunity.” So, please utilize thisopportunity fully and have fruitful discussions andlearnings. I would like to conclude my greeting by
asking for your continued cooperation with theFoundation. Thank you.

8

Opening Remarks

Mr. Le Yen ThanhFounder & CEO, Phenikaa MaaS Technology JSC,
2015 Honda Y-E-S Awardee

Opening Remarks by Representative of Y-E-S Awardees
Dear distinguished guests, ladies, and gentlemen,
Good afternoon and welcome to the Honda Y-E-S
Forum 2021. I am Thanh Le—the Honda Y-E-S Awardee2015 from Vietnam. As the chairperson of the forum
Preparation Committee, I am honored and delighted topresent to you the 4th Honda Y-E-S Forum.
Starting from 2015, the Honda Y-E-S Forum has
been proven a platform for Honda Y-E-S Awardees from
Cambodia, India, Laos, Myanmar, and Vietnam to get
together and promote a friendly exchange
environment with students, academic experts, andresearchers in Japan. The purpose of the Forum is toraise the consciousness of issues in the region and therole that science and technology should fulfill inresolving them.
From the three previous editions of the Honda
Y-E-S Forum, we have discussed Eco-technologies in
Pollution, Energy and Transportation, and this editionof the 4th Forum, we decided to raise public awarenessabout Eco-technologies in Urban Design. Rapid
Urbanization causes many problems in Environment,
Social and Economic, that is why sustainability in
Urbanization is very important.
Hence, we decided the theme of this Forum is“Integrating Sustainability into Future Urban Design”,
with this theme we aim to raise awareness about thenecessity of integrating sustainability into urban designfor the improvement of the quality of life.

This Honda Y-E-S Forum Online 2021 is the firstedition which lasts two days, and also the first Online
edition as a solution from the Preparation Committee
during the COVID-19 pandemic. We hope that byhosting this Forum online, we can spread our messages
to more audiences around the world. During the forum,
the challenges faced by different countries and thepossible solutions each country should approach toachieve a sustainable urban design and the quality oflife will be discussed by experienced professors,researchers and students.
We all are also very excited and looking forward toseeing the innovative ideas presented by young
students and researchers in Japan as well as othercountries through the Poster Contest with the topic“Technology-Driven Urban Design for Sustainability”.
Last but not least, I want to express my gratitude
to all Program Committee Members for their great
contributions, the constant support from Honda
Foundation, the professors, guest speakers, panelists
and students who join this forum. Thanks to all thegreat support, we are able to host this Forumsuccessfully.
I hope that through this forum, we can take one
step forward in “Integrating Sustainability into Future
Urban Design”.
Thank you.

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Keynote Speech 1

Keynote Speech 1
Day 1

11

Keynote Speech 1

Prof. Takeru Sakai
Professor, Campus Planning Office, Graduate School of
Human-Environment, Kyushu University

Urban Design
Hello, everyone. My name is Sakai. I would like to thank the members of
Honda Foundation for inviting me and preparing all the programs, as well
as for giving me the opportunity to give a presentation today.
The theme is “Urban Design.”

Urban Design
Kyushu2021
Takeru SAKAI, Kyushu University
九州大学 坂井 猛

0 Urban Design and Urban/City Planning
1 Background of the Urban Design
2 Urban Design in Kyushu
Fukuoka City Master Plan, Seaside Momochi, Island City
3 Kyushu University Ito New Campus, Fukuoka

九州大学坂井研究室 https://campus.kyushu-u.ac.jp/~itoshi/sakai/index.html
九州大学キャンパス計画室 http://suisin.jimu.kyushu-u.ac.jp/index.html

Urban design is planning and designing urban environments and spaces.
The primary concern of urban planning and urban design is public welfare,which considers efficiency, sanitation, safety, use of the environment, andthe impact on social and economic activities. Urban design and city
planning is considered an interdisciplinary field that includes social science,architecture, geography, politics, etc.

NASA 2012

Urban Design and Urban/City Planning

Urban Design

Planning and designing urban environments and spaces.
アーバン/都市デザインは、都市の環境、空間を計画し設計します。

Urban/City Planning

Urban/City planning deals with physical layout ofhuman settlements.
都市計画は、人間の活動する場である都市の物理的レイア
ウトを扱います。

Social science
Architecture
Human geography
Politics
Engineering
Design sciences
Community
Sciences
Information Technology
Agriculture
Literature
Economics
Education ……

The primary concern of urban planning and urban design is public welfare, which considers
efficiency, sanitation, safety, use of the environment, and the impact on social and economic
activities. Urban Design and City planning is considered an interdisciplinary field that includes social
science, architecture, geography, politics, engineering, and design sciences….
アーバンデザイン・都市計画の主な目的は公共福祉にあり、効率、衛生、環境の保全・活用を含み、社会的・経済的活動に影響を与えます。アーバンデザインと都市計画は、社会科学、建築学、人文地理学、政2
治学、工学およびデザイン科学を含む学際分野です。

Urban Design in Kyushu

NASA 2012

I have been involved in urban design and projects in northern Kyushu,
focusing on community development in collaboration with the formationof the Kyushu University campus.

3

Urban Design in Kyushu
I have been involved in urban design and projects in northern Kyushu, focusing on
community development in collaboration with the formation of the Kyushu University
campus
これまで、九州大学のキャンパス形成と連携するまちづくりを中心に北部九州の都市デザイ
ン、プロジェクトに関わってきました。

Fukuoka Prefecture
Kyushu University
Itoshima City

Fukuoka City

SasaguriKaratsu City
Onojo City

Dazaifu City
Chikushino City
Kurume City

4

12

Keynote Speech 1

The population of Japan is 125 million. The population of Kyushu is 13
million, and the population of the Fukuoka metropolitan area is 2.5 million.
Located in western Japan, Fukuoka has been one of the most important
ports in Japan since ancient times and has developed as a commercial city.

Fukuoka City

The population of Japan is 125 million. The population of Kyushu is 13 million, and the population of
the Fukuoka metropolitan area is 2.5 million. Located in western Japan, Fukuoka has been one of
the most important ports in Japan since ancient times and has developed as a commercial city.
日本の人口1.25億人、九州1300万人、福岡都市圏250万人。西日本に位置する福岡は、古代より重要な
5
日本の港のひとつであり、商業都市として発展してきました。

Fukuoka had been developing with (1) commercial areas in the center, (2)industrial and residential areas in the east, and (3) residential areas in thesouthwest of the city.

Fukuoka City
Fukuoka City had been developing with (1) commercial areas in the center, (2) industrial andresidential areas in the east, and (3) residential areas in the southwest of the city.
福岡市は、商業地域を中心部に、東部を工業系・住居系地域、南西部を住居系地域として発展してきました。

Waterfront(2) Industrial area

(1) Commercial area

(3) Residential Area

Urbanization control area

6

In consideration of the topography and development status of Fukuoka, themaster plan defines land use, development locations, residential areas, andconservation green areas, etc., and controls the development of the city.

Fukuoka City Master Plan
7
In consideration of the topography and development status of Fukuoka City, the masterplan defines land use, development locations, residential areas, and conservation
green areas, etc., and controls the development of the city.
福岡市の地形と発展状況を考慮して、マスタープランで土地利用と整備する拠点、居住地、保全緑地などを定め、都市の発展をコントロールしています。

Index
City Center
Regional Center

Regional Base
Vitality Creation BaseFunction Enrichment &Convert District
Bases Cooperation Area

Urban Axes
Interaction Axes

7

Seaside Momochi, Fukuoka

Seaside Momochi,
Fukuoka

福岡市早良区シーサイドももち

8First, I would like to introduce Seaside Momochi as the first case study.
Fukuoka organized the Asian Pacific Expo to promote the development of
the new town of Momochi. It commemorated the 100th anniversary of
Fukuoka’s municipal government. And with this success, Fukuoka set its
goal to become a hub city in Asia.

Seaside Momochi, Fukuoka

Kenji Mitsuyoshi

Fukuoka City organized the Asian Pacific Expo. topromote the development of Momochi new town. It
commemorated the 100th anniversary of themunicipality government. And with this success,Fukuoka set its goal to become a hub city in Asia.
ももちの新都市開発を進める一環として、市政百年を記念したアジア太平洋博覧会を開催し、この成功により、福岡
はアジアの拠点都市形成を目指すようになりました。

13

9
9

Keynote Speech 1

The urban design of Seaside Momochi was proposed to commemorate theexposition. Fukuoka Tower was left at the center of the site as the legacy ofthe expo.

Seaside Momochi, Fukuoka

Kenji MITSUYOSHI & Sogo Kenchiku Architects, 1989
光吉健次＋綜合建築設計研究所, 1989

•The urban design of Seaside Momochi was proposed commemorate the exposition. The Fukuoka
Tower was left on the center of the site as the legacy of the expo.
博覧会後、福岡市の新都市シーサイドももちの跡地利用を提示しました. 博覧会の記念として中心部の福岡タワーを主役とした都市デザインになりました。

10
10

Thirty years have passed since the new town was built, and Seaside
Momochi has become a well-known residential area with informationtechnology companies, broadcasting stations, a sports dome, museums
and beach parks.

Seaside Momochi, Fukuoka•Thirty years have passed since the new town was built, and Seaside Momochi has
become a well-known residential area with Information Technology companies,
broadcasting stations, sports dome, museums and beach parks.

都市建設から30年が経過し、シーサイドももちは、IT企業、放送局、スポーツドーム、海浜公園、博物館等のある住宅地として、福岡市を代表する場所の一つになりました。
11

The second case is Island City, Fukuoka.

Island City, Fukuoka

Island City, Fukuoka
福岡市東区 アイランドシティ

12

The northern part of Hakata Port is a good tidal flat where migratory birds
gather. The business operator carried out environmentally friendly projects,
including the protection of tidal flats when constructing Island City.

Island City, Fukuoka

Island City アイランドシティ
Wajiro Tidal Flat

和白干潟

The northern part of Hakata Port is a good tidal flat where migratory birds gather. The business operator carriedout environmentally friendly projects, including the protection of tidal flats when constructing Island City.
博多港北部は、渡り鳥の飛来する良好な干潟でした。アイランドシティの建設にあたって、事業者は干潟の保護をはじめ、環境のために必要なことを積極的に実施しました。

13

Island City is reclaimed land in the northern part of Hakata Port. Fukuoka
has formulated design guidelines for the new townscape and port facilities
to create a landscape that is in harmony with the surrounding sea.

Island City, Fukuoka
Island City Design Guideline 2011
アイランドシティ・デザインガイドライン

The Island City is a reclaimed land in the northern part of Hakata Port. Fukuoka City has
formulated design guidelines for the new townscape and port facilities to create a landscape thatis in harmony with the surrounding sea.
博多港北部の埋め立て地アイランドシティにおいて、福岡市は、新しくつくるまちなみや港湾施設が、全体として周りの海と調和のとれた景観をつくりだすように、デザインガイドラインを策定して運用しています。

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Keynote Speech 1

The Fukuoka municipal government pays attention to the scenery from theapproach of ships so that the mountains in the background can be seen
just as well as the urban area.

Port of Hakata Landscape Guideline, Fukuoka 2016

Fukuoka city government pays attention to the scenery from the approach of ships so that themountains in the background can be seen well just as the urban area.

博多港景観形成指針で博多湾から見たときに遠景の山々を背景として、港湾の建物を計画しました。http://port-of-hakata.city.fukuoka.lg.jp/keikan/index.html

Port of Hakata
博多湾

15

The residential area was formed with the aim of forming a walking space
and a walking scale, with 12,000 people living in 200 ha.

まちづくりエリア

Island City, Fukuoka

The residential area was formed with the aim of forming a walking space and a walking scale, with 12,000 people
living in 200ha.
住宅地エリアは、歩ける空間と歩けるスケールの形成を目指して形成され、1.2万人が200haに居住しています。

16

Projects for land sale were selected from an open call for proposals.
Large-scale projects were constructed through administrative guidance.
The landscape advisors were consulted before architectural projects
were approved.

Island City, Fukuoka•Projects for land sale were selected from an open call for proposal. Large-scale projects wereconstructed through administrative guidance. The landscape advisors were consulted before
approving architectural projects.
福岡市役所による土地売却は、公募型プロポーザル選定委員会で決定し、大規模物件は景観アドバイザーの意見を参考にした行政指導と建築審査を経て建設しています。

17

A large park and an indoor botanical garden were built in the center ofIsland City as a place for citizens to relax.

Island City, Fukuoka
Central Park

G ri n G ri n , 2 0 0 5

A large park and an indoor botanical garden were built in the center of Island City as a place forcitizens to relax.
アイランドシティの中央には、大規模公園と屋内植物園が建設され、市民の憩いの場として活用されています。

18「ぐりんぐりん」の中の温室

The pedestrian bridge captures changes in the sequence and line of sightof the surrounding green spaces and towers.

国際交流庭園（中国・広州市）

Island City, Fukuoka
Island City Maritime Promenade Bridge (2013)
アイランドシティ海上遊歩道橋「あいたか橋」

The pedestrian bridge captures changes in the sequence and line of sight of the surrounding green
spaces and towers.
歩行者用の橋づくりでは、周辺に見える緑地やタワーなどのシークエンス・視線の変化を捉えるデザインに配慮しました。

19

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Keynote Speech 1

The third case is Kyushu University, Ito New Campus.
Kyushu University Ito New Campus

NASA 2012

Kyushu Imperial University was established in 1911 and we moved to the
new campus and completed the relocation in 2018, three years ago.

20

Kyushu University
1903 Kyoto Imperial University Fukuoka Medical University was established京都帝国大学福岡医科大学
1911 Kyushu Imperial University was established 九州帝国大学
4th Imperial University after Tokyo, Kyoto and Tohoku.
東京1877年、京都1897年、東北1907年に次ぐ4番目の帝国大学
1947 Renamed as Kyushu University 九州大学に改称
2018 Completed relocation to Ito Campus
九州大学伊都キャンパスへの移転完了

1922 Dr. Albert Einstein visited
Kyushu University.

2020 Graduate school (18 graduate schools, 16 faculties),
12 Undergraduate schools, Number of enrolled students 18,566,
Faculty and staff 7,974, Site area 7,577ha (3rd place in Japan, 0.2% of national land),
Total floor area 1.08 million m2, Annual budget ¥126.8 billion ＝ $ 1.1billion
大学院（18学府，16研究院）、12 学部 、在籍学生 18,566人、教職員 7,974人、敷地面積 7,577ha (国内3位）、延床面積 約 108万㎡ 年間予算 約 1,268億円

福岡医科大学正門 1908（明治42)年
出典 九州大学概要 2020年度

Why was the new campus needed? The old campuses had the following
issues: (1) dispersion, (2) aging space, (3) aircraft noise and (4) difficulty inlocal redevelopment. In 1968, a US Air force Phantom fighter plane crashed
on Hakozaki Campus, so they thought it’s a dangerous campus, let’s moveto another place.

九州帝国大学工科大学正門 1914（大正3)年

https://www.kyushu-u.ac.jp/ja/university/information/universityoverview/overview/gaiyou_2020jpn

Kyushu University Ito New Campus, Fukuoka
Why was the new campus needed?
The old campuses had the following issues;(1) dispersion: Hakozaki, Ropponmatsu, Harumachi, Maidashi, Chikushi(2) aging space(3) aircraft noise(4) difficulty in local redevelopment
新キャンパスがなぜ必要だったか。
市内の旧キャンパスは、(1) 分散、(2) 老朽狭隘、(3) 航空機騒音、(4) 現地再開発困難という課題を抱えていた。

In 1968, the US Phantom crashed on
Hakozaki campus

The objectives of the integration and relocation of university campuses
were to build (1) an open university that can adapt to changes in the times
and continue to maintain vitality, and (2) to the creation of a suitable
research and educational environment.

21

22

Kyushu University Ito New Campus, Fukuoka
The objectives of the integration and relocation of university campuses were to build (1) an open
university that can adapt to changes in the times and continues to maintain vitality, and (2) to thecreation of suitable research and educational environment.

大学の統合移転は、(1) 時代の変化に応じて自律的に変革し、活力を維持し続ける開かれた大学の構築と(2) 相応しい研究・教育拠点の創造を目的としています。
1991 Decided to relocate to Nishi-ku, Fukuoka City 福岡市西区元岡・桑原地区への移転決定
2005 Birth of Ito Campus, First relocation
伊都キャンパス誕生・第1期移転
2018 Completion of relocation to Ito Campus
伊都キャンパスへの移転完了（45ha））
総合科学の中枢272ha

生命医療科学の拠点 31ha
（8ha）

（23ha）

先端的デザインの拠点 6ha
先端科学の融合拠点 25ha 23

Kyushu University conducted a study inside and outside of the university
involving experts and formulated a master plan based on a seven-year fieldsurvey, concept, and plan from 1993 to 2000.

Kyushu University Ito New Campus, Fukuoka
New campus master plan 2001

Kyushu University conducted a study inside and outside of the university involving experts and formulated amaster plan based on the seven-year field survey, concept, and plan from 1993 to 2000.
九州大学は、1993年から2000年までの7年にわたる現地調査と構想、計画をふまえて、学内外の専門家を入れた検討を行ない、マスタープランを策定しました。
24

16

Keynote Speech 1

This is the system diagram for the planning and management of the newcampus. The on-campus system is inside the dotted line on the left, and theoff-campus organizations are on the right. Working groups (WGs) were set
up according to themes such as planning of each zone, the environment,
cultural properties, and transportation. And specialized faculty members
joined each WG. Each of the WGs summarized conditions and conductednecessary studies leading up to construction. We also asked an outside
expert in the Master Architects Committee to inspect the plan at theplanning stage to check if it was in line with the master plan. Furthermore,
we have continued to make efforts to connect with local neighborhood
associations and residents, such as cooperation with off-campus
organizations, top management, and administrative staff, as well as urban
design conferences.
Each facility was designed based on the master plan and the campus was
divided into five blocks, because the University was too large, the size of acity. The details such as the facility layout plan were determined by the basic
design of the district, and the characteristics of each field in each district.

Kyushu University Ito New Campus, Fukuoka
New campus master plan 2001

2001

2018

■ University system for campus planning

President
The Board ofTrustees■ Related organizations

Master Architect
Committee

Organization for
Promotion Academic
City by Kyushu
University

Future Planning Committee

Local Gobvernments

Campus Planningand Facility Management Committee

Economic organization

East zone WG
Center zone WG
UDCQ
West zone WG
Public Space WG
Environment WG
Transportation WG
Cultural Property WG
Welfare WG
Green Space Management WG
Campus Planning Office& Administrative Bureau

公益財団法人
九州大学学術研究都市推進機構

National institution

Local Residents- Attracting companies- Universal design- Living environment
Improvement- Transportation
network

25

Kyushu University Ito New Campus, Fukuoka
New campus master plan 2001
Each facility was designed based on the master plan and the campus was divided into 5 blocks.
The details such as the facility layout plan were determined by the basic design of the district, andthe characteristics of each field in each district.
マスタープランに基づき、5ブロックに分けて、入居するそれぞれの分野の特徴に応じた地区基本設計に
よって施設配置計画等の詳細を決め、各施設の設計を行ないました。
九州大学新キャンパスマスタープラン2001 Kyushu University New Campus Master Plan
2001

１ Engineering
2 Center Zone
3

Scienses

4 Agriculture
5 Humanities and Social Sciences
Facility design
Construction
Management

In the master plan, nine overall goals were set and maintenance waspromoted. I’ll explain each one.

Kyushu University Ito New Campus, Fukuoka

Results based on nine overall plan goals: New campus master plan 2001

In the master plan, nine overall goals were set and maintenance was promoted.
I
マスタープランでは９つの全体計画目標を設定して整備を進めました。

１ Establishment of spatial composition and management/
operation to realize the principle of ‘Graduate school andfaculty system’
２ Construction of an integrated research and educational
environment as a comprehensive university supported by
the east-west framework
３ Strategic fostering of the "Town on Campus" center forindustry-academia and community cooperation andinternational exchange with a perspective that includes
management
４ Vitalization of research and education and promotion oflifestyle support through utilization of private-sector
facilities and encouragement of relocation
５ Coexistence of symbolic spaces that create their own
traditions and spaces that can flexibly change andregenerate
６ Coexistence with the eternal history and natural
surroundings of the Itoshima region
７ Development of a safe, secure, and comfortable campus
environment
８ Formation of a sustainable campus supported by diverse
technologies
９ Construction of an experimental city that takes on thechallenge of creating new systems

First one: Establishment of spatial composition and management/
operation to realize the principle of a “graduate school and faculty system.”
The main facilities are divided into undergraduate and graduate schools.
The graduate schools are located on the 3rd floor and above, and theundergraduate schools are located on the lower 1st and 2nd floors, withlecture rooms, study rooms, shops, restaurants, and faculty secretariat.

26

27

新キャンパス計画
学府・研究院制度の実現
学府・研究院制度の理念を実現する空間構成とその管理運営の確立

１

Establishment of spatial composition and management/operation to realize theprinciple of ‘Graduate school and faculty system’
主な施設は、学部と大学院に分かれます。大学院は3階以上に配置し、学部の空間は低層の1,2階にまとめ、講義室、学習室、購買部、レストラン、学部事務等を配置しています。
•The main facilities are divided into undergraduate and graduate schools. The graduate schools arelocated on the 3rd floor and above, and the undergraduate schools are located on the lower 1st and2nd floors, with lecture rooms, study rooms, shops, restaurants, and faculty secretariat.
大学院 Graduate School

研究院
Faculty

学府
School28
28
学部 Undergraduate
学 府School

Based on the organizational system of Kyushu University, arrangements
were made according to the research and education style of eachdepartment at the graduate schools.

１28

研究院 Faculty 学部 Undergraduate

学府・研究院制度の理念を実現する空間構成とその管理運営の確立

Establishment of spatial composition and management/operation to realize theprinciple of ‘Graduate school and faculty system’

大学院では、九州大学の組織制度をベースにして、各部局の研究教育特性に応じた配置を行いました。
Based on the organizational system of Kyushu University, arrangements were made according to
the research and education style of each department at the graduate schools

29

17Keynote Speech 1

The second: “Construction of an integrated research and educational
environment as a comprehensive university supported by the east-west
framework.” In 2004, a design manual for public spaces (spaces other thanbuildings plus semi-indoor spaces such as pilotis) was created in order toharmonize the whole campus while utilizing the individuality of each block.
This was supervised by the campus committee.

２

東西骨格に支えられる総合大学としての一体的な研究教育環境の構築
Construction of an integrated research and educational environment as a comprehensive
university supported by the east-west framework

2004年、各ブロックの個性を活かしつつ、全体の調和を図るためにパブリックスペース（建物以外の空間＋ピロティ等の半屋内空間）のデザインマニュアルを策定し、これに沿って学内WGが監修しました。

In 2004, a design manual for public spaces (spaces other than buildings + semi-indoor spaces suchas pilotis) was created in order to harmonize the whole campus while utilizing the individuality ofeach block. This was supervised by the campus committee.

http://suisin.jimu.kyushu-u.ac.jp/archive/examresult/psdm/pdf/PSDM2016.pdf

30

The design manual provides specific design directions and methods forlandscapes, planting, signs, lighting, art, furniture, colors, materials, anddetails across the east and west of the campus.

２

東西骨格に支えられる総合大学としての一体的な研究教育環境の構築
Construction of an integrated research and educational environment as a comprehensive
university on the east-west framework.

ART

LANDSCAPE

パブリックスペース・デザインマニュアル Public Space Design Mannual

SIGN

We set the standard in the master plan to prevent buildings protruding
above the line connecting the east and west mountain peaks of thecampus site. That created a gentle skyline that harmonizes with themountains of the Itoshima Peninsula.

31

PLANTING

東西骨格に支えられる総合大学としての一体的な研究教育環境の構築

２

Construction of an integrated research and educational environment as a comprehensive
university supported by the east-west framework

121m
キャンパス内最高標高

95m
水崎城址

Highest altitude on Campus

Mizusaki Castle

山の標高とスカイライン形成の基準（新キャンパス・マスタープラン2001）

Mountain elevation and criteria for skyline formation
キャンパスのスカイライン Campus skyline

32

On the campus, we have secured viewpoints to view the surrounding
landscape. From the campus, you can see Hakata Port, downtown Fukuoka,
and the paddy fields and mountains of the Itoshima Peninsula.

２

東西骨格に支えられる総合大学としての一体的な研究教育環境の構築
Construction of an integrated research and educational environment as a comprehensive
university supported by the east-west framework

東

East

北

North

周辺の景観を見る視点場の確保 Securing a viewpoint for viewing the surrounding landscape

西
West

南
South

33

Buildings that serve as landmarks for pedestrians have been placed on
campus. We call them “eye stops.”

２

東西骨格に支えられる総合大学としての一体的な研究教育環境の構築
Construction of an integrated research and educational environment as a comprehensive
university supported by the east-west framework

アイストップ : 歩行者から目印になる建物をキャンパスの各所に配置しました。
Eye stop : Buildings that serve as landmarks for pedestrians have been placed on campus.

34

18

Keynote Speech 1

We have created a “universal level route” that allows you to movehorizontally 2 km across the campus east to west without getting wet in
the rain, and maintained the unity of the campus.

２

東西骨格に支えられる総合大学としての一体的な研究教育環境の構築
Construction of an integrated research and educational environment as a comprehensive
university supported by the east-west framework

Universal Level Rout

Secured a route that allows horizontal movement without getting wet in the rain, 2 km east to west of the campus

35

Since the campus is in a hilly area, the slope continues to be gentle, but wehave devised ways to make it easier for pedestrians to walk by increasing
the horizontal surface to make it easier to walk at night with lighting.

２

東西骨格に支えられる総合大学としての一体的な研究教育環境の構築
Construction of an integrated research and educational environment as a comprehensive
university supported by the east-west framework

ランドスケープ・光環境・サイン Landscape, light environment, sign

36

A gate was set up in each block as a path for people, wind, greenery,
insects, and animals.

２

東西骨格に支えられる総合大学としての一体的な研究教育環境の構築
Construction of an integrated research and educational environment as a comprehensive
university supported by the east-west framework

ゲート : 人と風と緑の通り道として、各ブロックにゲートを設けた。
Block Gate : A gate was set up in each block as a path for people, wind, and greenery.

37

The center zone where new students learn is achromatic or white, and thespecialized fields are gradually colored.

２

東西骨格に支えられる総合大学としての一体的な研究教育環境の構築
Construction of an integrated research and educational environment as a comprehensive
university supported by the east-west framework
Organic

Assimilation

彩度chroma

明度brightness

彩度chroma

Heterogeneity

明度brightness
彩度chroma
Inorganic

The center zone where new students learn is achromatic or white, and the specialized fields are gradually colored.
新入学生が学ぶセンターゾーンを白、無彩色に、専門分野の施設群に対し、次第に色を付けています。

Art: According to the design manual, the committee supervised and placed
art in various places.

２

東西骨格に支えられる総合大学としての一体的な研究教育環境の構築
Construction of an integrated research and educational environment as a comprehensive
university supported by the east-west framework

アート : デザインマニュアルに沿って、委員会で監修し各所にアートを配置しました。
Art : According to the design manual, the committee supervised and placed art in various places.

39

19

Keynote Speech 1

The rules for land use and distribution of academic zones was made to
guide future changes.

２

東西骨格に支えられる総合大学としての一体的な研究教育環境の構築

Construction of an integrated research and educational environment as a comprehensive
university supported by the east-west framework•The rules for land use and distribution of academic zone was made to guide future changes.
土地利用や動線に関する構成概念を、将来にわたり継続するルールとして位置付けました。

40

The third: Strategic fostering of the “Town on Campus” center for industryacademia and community cooperation and international exchange with aperspective that includes management.

３

経営を視野に入れた産学・地域連携と国際交流拠点の戦略的育成
Strategic fostering of the "Town on Campus" center for industry-academia and community
cooperation and international exchange with a perspective that includes management

https://www.opack.jp/kousou/houkoku/?url=kousou/houkoku
2001年6月 九州大学学術研究都市構想, 九州大学学術研究都市推進協議会
Kyushu University Academic City Plan, Kyushu University Academic City Promotion Council, 2001

The business community, local governments, and university spent two
years formulating the academic city plan for the Itoshima Peninsula in
2001. This figure shows the entire development. In the area around Kyushu
University, the pink area is positioned as the core zone, and the urban areas
are gathered around the railway extending east to west. The locations ofresearch institutes, residences, and recreation resorts are dispersed
according to the environment of the peninsula. After that, in parallel to thedevelopment of the campus, the surrounding local governments
implemented the plan separately.

３

Over the 20 years since the formulation of the Academic City plan, many
facilities were built little by little, and the population of the Itoshima
Peninsula increased by 30,000.

３

経営を視野に入れた産学・地域連携と国際交流拠点の戦略的育成
Strategic fostering of the "Town on Campus" center for industry-academia and community
cooperation and international exchange with a perspective that includes management

2001年6月 九州大学学術研究都市構想, 九州大学学術研究都市推進協議会
Kyushu University Academic City Plan, Kyushu University Academic City Promotion Council, 200142

経営を視野に入れた産学・地域連携と国際交流拠点の戦略的育成

2001年6月九州大学学術研究都市構想

Strategic fostering of the "Town on Campus" center for industry-academia and community
cooperation and international exchange with a perspective that includes management

九州大学学術研究都市 2018 Current situation of Academic City

This is the current situation of the city and the peninsula. Ito Campus is in
the center of the hills, and an agricultural area extends between the cityand the university.

41

３

43

経営を視野に入れた産学・地域連携と国際交流拠点の戦略的育成

2001年6月九州大学学術研究都市構想

Strategic fostering of the "Town on Campus" center for industry-academia and community
cooperation and international exchange with a perspective that includes management

This is the current situation of the city and the peninsula. The Ito Campus is in the center of the hills, and an
agricultural area extends between the city and the university.
南側から見た現在の市街地と半島の状況です。丘陵地の中央に伊都キャンパスがあり、市街地と大学の間に農業地帯が広がっています。
44

20

Keynote Speech 1

On the west side of the campus, community development of local residents
is being promoted toward the concentration of residential areas andbusiness facilities in the hills.

糸島市のまちづくり
2016経営を視野に入れた産学・地域連携と国際交流拠点の戦略的育成

３

Strategic fostering of the "Town on Campus" center for industry-academia and community
cooperation and international exchange with a perspective that includes management

On the west side of the campus, community development of local residents is being promoted toward theconcentration of residential areas and business facilities in the hills.
キャンパスの西側では、丘陵地の住宅地や業務施設の集積に向け、地元住民のまちづくりが進められています。

45

Development by land readjustment is progressing around the campus, andit will take some time to complete commercial facilities and residential areas.

３

経営を視野に入れた産学・地域連携と国際交流拠点の戦略的育成
Strategic fostering of the "Town on Campus" center for industry-academia and community
cooperation and international exchange with a perspective that includes management

Development by land readjustment is progressing around the campus, and it will take some time to complete
commercial facilities and residential areas.
キャンパス周辺では区画整理が進んでおり、商業や住宅地の完成には時間が必要です。

46

北原田尻土地区画整理事業 2018-46

The fourth: Vitalization of research and education and promotion oflifestyle support through utilization of private-sector facilities andencouragement of relocation.
There are 14 facilities where you can eat and drink on Ito Campus, andthere are also private restaurants around the campus.

民間施設等の活用や立地誘導による研究教育の活性化と生活支援の促進

４

Vitalization of research and education and promotion of lifestyle support through utilization ofprivate-sector facilities and encouragement of relocation

eat

There are 14 facilities where you can eat and drink on the Ito campus, and there are also private restaurants
around the campus.
伊都キャンパスには、飲食できる施設を14か所設置し、キャンパス周辺にも民間の飲食施設が揃ってきました。

Daily necessities stores, bookstores, medical facilities, and convenience
stores have also been enhanced to support the campus life of students andfaculty members.

47

民間施設等の活用や立地誘導による研究教育の活性化と生活支援の促進

４

Vitalization of research and education and promotion of lifestyle support through utilization ofprivate-sector facilities and encouragement of relocationbuy

Daily necessities stores, bookstores, medical facilities, and convenience stores have also been enhanced tosupport the campus life of students and faculty members.
学生と教職員のキャンパスライフを支援するための日用品店、書店、医療施設、コンビニも充実してきました。

The fifth: Coexistence of symbolic spaces that create their own traditions
and spaces that can flexibly change and regenerate. Unique architecture isplaced at the arrival points on the campus to create a symbolic space.
Those were designed by famous architects.

５

48

伝統を創り出す象徴的空間と柔軟に変化増殖する空間の共存
Coexistence of symbolic spaces that create their own traditions and spaces that can flexibly
change and regenerate

Unique architecture is placed at the arrival points on the campus to create a symbolic
space.キャンパスのアライバルポイントに個性的な建築を配置し、象徴的空間を演出しています。

49

21

Keynote Speech 1

Large and small sites have been prepared to accommodate future changes.

５

伝統を創り出す象徴的空間と柔軟に変化増殖する空間の共存
Coexistence of symbolic spaces that create their own traditions and spaces thatcan flexibly change and regenerate
将来の変化に対応するための用地を大小備えました。
Large and small sites have been prepared to accommodate future changes.

大規模組
織増への
対応用地

大規模組
織増への
対応用地

大規模組織増への対応用地
戦略的施設用地（未利用）施設用地

Site for large-scale organizational growth
Strategic facility site
Unused facility site

The sixth: Coexistence with the eternal history and natural surroundings ofthe Itoshima region. Northern Kyushu was a place where continental
cultural influences were felt directly. The burial mounds, ironworks, andcastle ruins of the lord who ruled the area around the 6th century wereexcavated, and we are proceeding with the development using these as
resources.

６ 糸島地域の悠久の歴史と自然との共生

The Sayanokami spring source, which is the source of the Obaru River, waspreserved as a biodiversity conservation zone.

６糸島地域の悠久の歴史と自然との共生

50

Coexistence with the eternal history and natural surroundings of the
Itoshima region

Northern Kyushu was a place where cultural influence of continent felt directly. The burial mounds,
ironworks, and castle ruins of the lord who ruled the area around the 6th century were excavated,
and we are proceeding with the development using these as resources.
北部九州は、大陸の文化が直接来る場所でした。6世紀頃の有力な豪族の墳、製鉄遺構、山城跡などが出土し、これらを資源とする整備を進めています。

Coexistence with the eternal history and natural surroundings of the Itoshima region

大原川の源流である 幸の神湧水源の沢地を、生物多様性保全ゾーンとして保存しました。
The Sayanokami spring source, which is the source of the Obaru River, was preserved as a
biodiversity conservation zone.

52

With the goal of “not reducing even one species,” the Environmental WG is
working continuously with the cooperation of volunteers.
The environmental impact assessment report was released in 2000 and an
environmental monitoring survey was continued for 20 years tocompensate for uncertainty. As a result, the development of Kyushu
University has not had a fatal impact on the surrounding environment.

６糸島地域の悠久の歴史と自然との共生

Coexistence with the eternal history and natural surroundings of the Itoshima region「一種も減らさない」という目標を掲げ、環境WGがボランティアの協力を得て、生物多様性保全ゾーンを拠点として継続的に取り組んでいます。
With the goal of "not reducing even one species," the Environmental WG is working continuouslywith the cooperation of volunteers.
環境影響評価書を2000年に公開し、その不確実性を補填するための環境監視調査を20年継続した。結果的に九州大学の開発は周辺環境への致命的な影響を与えていません。
The environmental impact
assessment report was
released in 2000. And an
environmental monitoring
survey was continued for
20 years to compensate
the uncertainty. As a result,the development of
Kyushu University has not
had a fatal impact on thesurrounding environment.

53

Students, faculty, and off-campus volunteers participated in the
researchers’ efforts to regenerate the forest.

６ 糸島地域の悠久の歴史と自然との共生

Coexistence with the eternal history and natural surroundings of the Itoshima region

学生、教職員、学外ボランティアが、森に戻すための研究者の取り組みに参加しました。
Students, faculty, and off-campus volunteers participated in the researcher's efforts toregenerate the forest.

高木移植 Tall tree transplantation

学生と教職員による竹林伐採
子供たちのどんぐりの森プロジェクト

林床土移植 Forest floor soil transplantation

根株移植 Root strain transplantation
54

22

54

Keynote Speech 1

Maintenance of the water cycle: In order not to affect the use of agricultural
groundwater in the surrounding area, a permeable pavement, a seepage
gutter and a storage seepage facility were installed around the buildings
on campus.

６糸島地域の悠久の歴史と自然との共生

Coexistence with the eternal history and natural surroundings of the Itoshima region

水循環の維持: 周辺地域の農業地下水利用に影響を与えないために、建物周辺に、透水性舗装、浸透ます、浸透側溝、貯留浸透施設を設置しました。
Maintenance of water cycle: In order not to affect the use of agricultural groundwater in thesurrounding area, a permeable pavement, a seepage gutter and a storage seepage facility were
installed around the building on campus.

（単位：mm／年）
造成工事前
Before construction work

Water supply center: A unique method that combines biological treatment
and reverse osmosis membranes to reuse 60% of the water used on
campus, effectively utilizing water resources, and reducing costs.

造成工事後（対策なし）
何もしないと、地下水が減少する。

After construction work (nocountermeasures) If nothing is done,groundwater will decrease.

造成工事後（対策あり）
After construction work(with measures)

55

６糸島地域の悠久の歴史と自然との共生

Coexistence with the eternal history and natural surroundings of the Itoshima region

給水センター:生物処理と逆浸透膜の組合せによる独自の方法で、学内で使用した水の6割を再利用し、水資源を有効活用し経費を節減しています。
Water supply center： A unique method that combines biologicaltreatment and reverse osmosis membranes to reuse 60% of thewater used on campus, effectively utilizing water resources, andreducing costs.

56

The seventh: Development of a safe, secure, and comfortable campus
environment.
A campus mall as a pedestrian-only space was set up over 2 km from east
to west. In addition, facilities for undergraduates and visitors were placed invarious places in the lower floors.

７

安全・安心で快適なキャンパス環境の整備
Development of a safe, secure, and comfortable campus environment

歩行者専用空間としてのキャンパス･モールを東西2㎞にわたって設置するとともに、学部生や来訪者の居場所を低層部の各所に配置しました。
Campus mall as a pedestrian-only space was set up over 2 km from east to west. In addition,
the locations of undergraduates and visitors were placed in various places in the lower floors.

57

A large number of security poles equipped with emergency call devices
and cameras are connected to the general surveillance center, contributing
to a safe and secure campus.

総合監視システム Comprehensive monitoring system
非常通報装置と監視カメラ付きのセキュリティーポールが多数配置され、総合監視センターに直接つながり安全安心なキャンパスに貢献しています。
A large number of security poles equipped with an emergency call device and cameras areconnected to the general surveillance center, contributing to a safe and secure campus.

58

Student satisfaction on Ito Campus has gradually increased since thebeginning of the relocation.

快適なキャンパス環境の整備ー学生の満足度
伊都キャンパスにおける学生の満足度は、移転当初から徐々に上昇してきました。
Student satisfaction on the Ito campus has gradually increased since the beginning of the relocation.

Satisfied
Dissatisfied

Satisfaction with campus life（人）

20,00016,00014,00012,00010,0008,000
6,000

18,700Population of
Ito campus

18,000

アンケート調査の対象
2008年まで 工学部、工学府、システム情報科学府
2009年以降 全学教育、理学部数学科、工学部、
21 世紀プログラム課程、比較社
会文化学府、数理学府、統合新領
域学府

農学系

＋理学系

文系

12,800＋六本松

理学系

10,800

六本松

工学系
5,200

4,000

工学部
Ⅱ期

2,100
2,000

工学部
Ⅰ期

0
H17

H18

H19

H20

H21

H22

H23

H24

H25

H26

H27

H28

H29

H30

H31

大学移転に伴うキャンパスと周辺環境の形成に関する研究, 丁震宇, 2019.3

23

59

Keynote Speech 1

The eighth: Formation of a sustainable campus supported by diverse
technologies. Environmental and energy research is being conductedconsistently from the near future to the future, from active use of naturalenergy to next-generation energy.

８ 多様な技術に支えられたサステイナブル・キャンパスの形成

Formation of a sustainable campus supported by diverse technologies

環境・エネルギーキャンパス
自然エネルギーの積極的活用から次世代エネルギーまで、近未来から将来にわたる環境・エネルギー研究を一貫的に実施しています。
Environment／Energy Campus
Environmental and energy research is being conducted consistently from the near
future to the future, from active use of natural energy to next-generation energy.

現炭素資源エネルギー Current carbon resource energy
10年後～

30年後～

Natural energy－環境に優しい炭素資源の研究開発

持続可能な

水素エネルギー Hydrogen energy

自然ｴﾈﾙｷﾞｰ－水素利用の要素技術開発・実証試験

風力、波力、

核融合エネルギー Fusion energy

地熱など－ITER計画への積極参加
60

West Building 1 (opened in 2015) has reduced energy consumption perunit of energy (crude oil and gas equivalent) by 18% compared to theformer Science Department building in the old campus. Daily data andenergy usage are visualized on monitors and websites.

環境・エネルギーキャンパス Environment/Energy Campus
ウエスト1号館（2015年供用）では、エネルギ
ー原単位（電気とガスの原油換算）で、箱崎地区旧理学部棟に比べ18%削減しました。
モニターやホームページで、日常のデータとエネルギー利用状況を可視化しています。
West Building 1 (0pened in 2015) has reduced
the energy consumption per unit of energy(crude oil and gas equivalent) by 18%
compared to the former Science Departmentbuilding in the Hakozaki campus.
Daily data and energy usage are visualized onmonitors and websites.

61

The ninth: Construction of an experimental city that takes on the challengeof creating new systems. The world’s largest hydrogen material researchbase was established on Ito Campus, Kyushu University.

９

新しいシステムの創造にチャレンジする実験都市の構築
Construction of an experimental city that takes on the challenge ofcreating new systems
世界最大規模の水素材料研究拠点を構築しました。
The world's largest hydrogen material research base was established.

62

As a part of improving the convenience of the campus, demonstration
experiments of autonomous driving, traffic control by AI, road-to-vehiclecommunication, and on-demand operation are being conducted.

９

新しいシステムの創造にチャレンジする実験都市の構築
Construction of an experimental city that takes on the challenge ofcreating new systems

キャンパスの利便性向上の一環として、自動運転、AIによる交通管制、路車間通信、オンデマンド運行の実証実験を行なっています。
As a part of improving the convenience of thecampus, demonstration experiments ofautonomous driving, traffic control by AI,
road-to-vehicle communication, andon-demand operation are being conducted.

63

Many other demonstration experiments are being conducted on the Itocampus, such as wind lenses, next-generation fuel cells, power generation
monitors, pole type sensor nodes, IC cards, students’ PCs and education
and Big Data accumulation.

９

新しいシステムの創造にチャレンジする実験都市の構築
Construction of an experimental city that takes on the challenge ofcreating new systems

Many other demonstration
experiments are being conductedon the Ito campus.
・Wind lens・Next-generation fuel cell・Power generation monitor
・Pole type sensor node・IC card
・Ｓtudents' PCs and education
・Big data accumulation
伊都キャンパスでは、他にも多くの実証実験が行われています。
・風レンズ風車
・次世代燃料電池
・発電量モニター・ポール型センサーノード
・ICカード・学生のPC必携化と教育
・ビッグデータ蓄積

24

VRICS:
VRICS: Value and Right Circulation
control System
2006 Digital community certificate
introduced
2009 Adopted as student ID and staff ID
Manage various services with a single ID(Library, certificate issuance, premises
key, entrance card, University Co-op, …)

64（図書館、証明証発行、構内鍵、入構カード、
九大生協・昭和バス・糸島市コミュニティバス・
自動販売機のプリペイド課金、ドミトリー入館）
SSO
Kyushu university ID
https://www.ipsj.or.jp/dp/contents/publicatio
n/33/S0901

Keynote Speech 1

The following are the main items that were learned from the case study of
Kyushu University to achieve the urban design goals.
(1) Draw and share the future image of the city, which is the stage ofcitizens’ lives and activities, with stakeholders. At this time, it is necessary
to consider functionality and safety based on macro relationships suchas land use and traffic around the target area.
(2) It is necessary to share the process toward the future image and theimmediate measures with the parties concerned.
(3) It is necessary to give maximum consideration to the historicalenvironment and natural environment, and to consider the landscape as
a visible environment when summarizing the whole design.

Following are the main items that were learned from the case study of Kyushu University toachieve the urban design goals.
(1) Draw and share the future image of the city, which is the stage of citizens’ lives and activities,
with stakeholders. At this time, it is necessary to consider functionality and safety based on
macro relationships such as land use and traffic around the target area.
(2) It is necessary to share the process toward the future image and the immediate measureswith the parties concerned.
(3) It is necessary to give maximum consideration to the historical environment and naturalenvironment, and to consider the landscape as a visible environment when summarizing thewhole design.

都市デザインを実現するにあたり専門家が配慮する事項として、以下の3点を挙げます。
（１） 市民生活と活動の舞台となる都市の将来像を利害関係者とともに描き、共有する。このとき、対象エリア周辺の土地利用、交通などのマクロな関係をふまえ、機能性、安全性を考慮する必要があります。
（２） 将来像に向かうプロセスと当面の施策を関係者で共有する必要があります。
（３） 歴史環境、自然環境を最大限に配慮するとともに、全体のデザインをまとめる際には、見える環境としての景観に配慮する必要があります。
65

Thank you for listening.

Thank you

66

Q&A Session: Summary
Following the speech a Q&A session was held. The main
discussed questions included:

The answers for these questions have beensummarized below.

• What kind of solutions are implemented to reduce the

Ito Campus of Fukuoka University protects biodiversity
on its campus from the effects of human presence andactivity by preserving the river valley, thereby
preserving springs and groundwater for agriculture. In
consideration of the historical and natural environment,
more than half of the ancient mounds are kept as green
space. Ito Campus benefits from its rural location byhaving lots of space and its own farm but it is far fromdowntown Fukuoka, making commuting difficult.

negative impact of the campus on biodiversity?
• If open design as a base of development goes too far,some local historical sites might be affected. What isyour insight about this one?
• What are the benefits and demerits of the campus innature compared with campuses in the city?

25

26

Keynote Speech 2
Day 1

Keynote Speech 2

Prof. Takashi Oguchi
Professor, Institute of industrial Science (IIS), The University of Tokyo

Mobility Challenges to achieve Smart City
Thank you for the introduction. My name is Takashi Oguchi and it is myhonor to speak to all of you.

Today my talk starts with my self-introduction, followed by three topics:
first, mobility; second, congestion; and third, future mobility.

Let me introduce myself. I work for the Department of Human and Social
Systems of the Institute of Industrial Science at the University of Tokyo.

The University of Tokyo has faculties and graduate schools but alsoaffiliated institutes; the Institute of Industrial Science is one of thoseaffiliated institutes.

The Institute includes five departments, and I work for, as I mentioned, thefifth one, Human and Social Systems, but we are forming research centers.

28

Keynote Speech 2

I’m leading the Advanced Mobility Research Center, also called as ITS Center,and this is related to the advanced technology in transport systems.

These are the members of our research center, you can see, from 1 to 5, all
the department members are also involved in this research center, so there
is a very wide range of activities we are now conducting.

At the University of Tokyo, we have a separately located campus, called
Kashiwa Campus, and there we have an experimental field, where we areconducting some experiments, including automated-driving vehicles’ tests
and also a kind of traffic signal implementation here.

Here I’m showing one activity, called “UTmobI,” the Mobility Innovation
Collaborative Research Organization. It is a cross-faculty andinterdisciplinary research activity at the University of Tokyo, including not
only engineers but also policy-study people, legal-system people and so on.

And not only inside the University of Tokyo, but we also have collaboration
with the national and local governments. UTmobI leads to form the socalled Mobility Innovation Promotion Council with many Japanese
universities, in addition, to form a kind of liaison with the national research
institutes, to promote innovative activities in transport systems.

Let me move on to the first topic. Let’s start to consider again: What is
mobility for human beings?

29

Keynote Speech 2

Because of the pandemic crisis we are faced with a huge challenge but it
might be a kind of a chance. We are again thinking about the sustainabilityof our society and also sustainability related to global-warming issues andrenewable-energy issues and material recycling. On the other hand, in Japan
we are facing a very superaged society and urbanization and in rural areas
depopulation is a big issue. And we’re concerned about diversity. On theother hand, from the technology side, the transformation of the economy isvery rapidly increasing and automated driving is an issue of the transportsystem, a once-in-a-century innovation.
For the future mobility, we are trying to start considering again the nature ofmobility or transportation. Think about plants. They have the ability ofphotosynthesis, so they can stay alive even staying at the same place. On theother hand, animals, including humankind, need to get food to stay alive andneed to excrete waste from their bodies. So you can see the indispensabilityof mobility to get food.

That’s the nature of mobility. But humans, homo sapiens, are bipedal land
animals, so the nature of our mobility is basically walking or maybe running,
not swimming or flying. Running could be extended with intelligence, so wedevelop bicycles and kickboards, human-powered machines, and we alsotame animals as a kind of extension of the running function, or use somemachines, led by tame animals. Road construction is the system supportingthese running machines.
About a hundred years ago, thanks to an invention by Karl Benz in Germany,
and after 20 years, the epoch-making production of the Ford Model T whichenabled industrialization was introduced. With these epoch-making machines,
we had the motorized society in the world. They named it the “automobile.”
What is “automobile”? Why did they put “auto” in the name? Maybe because it’s
independent from others, such as horse, camel or human power. Moving
machines autonomously, as if by magic, saving the labor of human power. Andeasy and high-speed movement can be achieved with these automobiles.
After several decades, automotive transport faced the so-called three evils:
Environmental pollution issues, traffic accidents and traffic congestion. On
the other hand, around the 1990s the informatic society arrived, which could
be very useful for transportation with system oriented thinking to connect
elements of transport systems like humankind, moving bodies and roadinfrastructure. The system was called as ITS, Intelligent Transport Systems.

Over the past several years, the development of automated driving systems
have been tried and are becoming very popularized at this moment. They
started with a challenge by Stanford University, who won the award of the
DARPA grand challenge in 2005. Here I use only the term “automateddriving,” or vehicle automation, not “autonomous.” “Autonomous” issomething that, how should I say, has some huge meanings included.
Actually this is still a machine and “automation application” would be a more
appropriate wording, I think. In these past few years the word graduallychanged and “connected and automated driving” is now a rather common
usage, because connectivity with wireless communication is very crucial to
implement automated driving systems in the real world.

30

Keynote Speech 2

Considering about the pandemic conditions, 3C, which means gathering incrowded places, close-contact settings and closed-space conditions, should
be avoided due to the pandemic issues. Nonessential and non-urgent
outings should be avoided. Then we again start to consider about mobility.
What is mobility?

UTmobI in the University of Tokyo, proposed five items for reconsidering
about mobility, but because of time limitations I will skip explaining about
these five items.

Pandemic is a chance to reconsider and reform mobility systems in the near
future. Nonessential and non-urgent outings, what does it mean? We arethinking about that. “Really urgent mobility” is rather obvious. But what isreally “essential” mobility? We start to reconsider about traffic demand.

31

Keynote Speech 2

In textbooks, traffic demand can be divided into principal demand andderivative demand. Actually, transport engineers are always mainly
concerned about derivative demand and congestion issues and accident
issues. Now we start to consider the derivative demand can be classified into
two types. The first is passive derivative demand. This is the really passive
one. We don’t really want to move, but it is derivative demand. On the other
hand, the other one is active-desire-related. So for example, to have anon-the-spot experience, we like to go, or as a nature of humankind, to searchfor encounters with things or share time and place with others and so on.
The focus on the active derivative demand comes to be rather important
after the experience of the pandemic.

Once people try to reduce mobility, the importance of logistics comes into
focus. Still we need to consider that the issue of logistics is related to humanbehavior.

Next topic is related to traffic congestion.

Let me introduce a very basic textbook explanation of what traffic
congestion is. Congestion is always related to the concept of the bottleneck.
What is a bottleneck? Consider the road system as a tube and the traffic iswater pouring into the tube. The tube may have different diameters and that
could be interpreted as traffic capacity. When traffic demand, the water
pouring in, exceeds the diameter of the narrowest location, the narrowest
location comes to be the bottleneck. In this picture you can see that it is a
tube neck, but we call it a bottleneck, a traffic-capacity bottleneck. The
excess water or traffic accumulates, flowing upstream from this bottleneck.
Observing this overflow, or accumulation, we call this phenomenon “traffic
congestion”. This is the issue, traffic congestion.
And actually, we have a physical waiting line or queue of vehicles forming to
the upstream and other roads suffer from this congestion. This is a serious
issue for a traffic network. Therefore, network management is mostly
important for alleviating traffic congestion.

32

Keynote Speech 2

In the future some may say that, with totally autonomous vehicles withperfect control, we can avoid this congestion completely, but in reality I
don’t think so. A realistic solution would be to try to minimize the effects oftraffic congestion. For that purpose there are five challenges we should takeup in the future.
The first one is based on Big Data or data-driven prediction-systemmodels. But these are not almighty. We need to also check real congestion
issues with real-time monitoring technology. The third one is a kind of
software technology for nowcast simulations, starting from the observed
real-time monitors. The fourth one is some control measures to minimize theeffects of traffic congestion. The last one is something different:
countermeasures, quick response to accidents or incidents.
For a process to establish a part of these five items, I led a past project whichwere related to forming huge traffic simulator systems to analyze the threering-road constructions surrounding the Tokyo area.

This is an example of the animation of the huge traffic network simulator,
reproducing the traffic congestion issues and also evaluating the effects ofthe three ring roads construction.

Here we are showing the road network we required for forming this system
and also the demand we need to form huge data.

This is beforehand, without the three ring roads

and after forming the three ring roads. Then maybe we should maximize thefunction of those three ring roads.

33

Keynote Speech 2

Lastly I will talk about future mobility issues. Sorry, I’ve already spent too
much time, so I will talk very briefly.

Maybe some or many of you already know about the different levels of
automation of vehicles, starting from level one to level five. Up to level two is
human-driven vehicles supported by the automated-driving system. The
Levels three, four and five are controlled by the system. Through ourconsiderations, we concluded that car manufacturers try to promoteenhancing the level-two vehicles and, going to the right-hand side, theapplicability of those systems will be increased, not only on expressways/
motorways/highways, but also in urban areas, mixed situations with othermoving bodies.
On the other hand, really automated systems are introduced in very limitedareas, like the depopulated rural areas, heart of the city with very slowmobility systems, and so on. It will help mobility in the aged society or
disabled people. These processes will lead to the really extreme autonomous
society. And also, level three is something difficult to implement, but I will
skip to explain this issues.

In this slide, the hierarchy of road systems is explained.

With this hierarchical system there are several different types of automateddriving systems and services that could be implemented.

34

Keynote Speech 2

But the applicability of automated driving is limited. Not all the systems arecovered by automated systems. Maybe a kind of well-coordinated,hierarchical system design integrated with existing transport systems aremostly important.

This is picture which shows the signs of having a livable heart of anurbanized area.

Lastly, I’ll just say my closing remarks.

Mobility is a measure of achievement of a well-being society. The word
“mobility” means accessibility to social activities. As I mentioned, evenderivative demand which may have active desire should be met by mobility
systems. Considering about smart cities, they should not only provide space
as a city but also support vivid, happy and exciting human lives there.
Automated driving systems would be one application of artificial intelligence(AI). But smart city should not controlled by AI, but we should try to control
AI by human beings. I think this is one of the most important things. That’s allof my talk. Thank you very much.

35

Keynote Speech 2

Q&A Session: Summary
Following the speech a Q&A session was held. The main
discussed questions included:

The answers for these questions have beensummarized below.

• Is it important for developing countries to make a

Developing countries suffer from the “three evils” ofpollution, traffic accidents and traffic congestion. They
need to introduce future mobility to solve these problems
and leapfrog to a more advanced stage of development.
Autonomous vehicles have value but may increase
congestion and impose burdens on urban management
and public services if they are introduced in an unplanned
manner. To avoid problems, the technology must be partof comprehensive solutions including political andeconomic measures and combined with public transportand support for vulnerable users. Unmanned vehicles
can reduce the need for human labor. Data required toachieve these solutions include data on real traffic
phenomena, of many types and from many sources.

long-term plan for future mobility?
• What are pros and cons of autonomous driving in
future mobility designs? The increase of autonomousvehicles can cause traffic congestion. How can we
prevent conflicts between autonomous vehicles andtraffic congestion?
• What kind of data are needed for data-driven
management in future mobilities?

36

Poster Contest Presentation
Day 1

Poster Contest Presentation

Poster Contest Presentation

Entry List and Results of Research Poster Contest
Finalists for 1st, 2nd, 3rd Prize and Audience Award
Team

Abstract Title

Organization

Name/Leader

CountryA

Heuristic Methods for Constructing Cost-Effective
Networks among Urban Weighted Regions—Application to Large-Scale Drone Airway Networks
Considering Land Compensation—

The University ofTokyo

Shota Tabata

Japan

B

Impact of Covid-19 on Paratransit Operate with RideHailing Apps in Asian Developing Cities: The Phnom
Penh Case

Institute ofTechnology ofCambodia

Panha Yang

CambodiaC

DEVELOPMENT OF A DECENTRALISED WASTEWATERTREATMENT SYSTEM TO COMBAT CONVENTIONAL AND
EMERGING POLLUTANTS PRESENT IN URBAN SEWAGES:
ON SITE EVALUATION IN NEW DELHI

Indian Institute ofTechnology Delhi

Rishabh Shukla

India

D

Characteristics of Urban Housing Borey Development inPhnom Penh
—An Analysis of Historical Development and Location
Characteristics—

Hokkaido University

Chhunhong Lao

CambodiaE

A Safety Level Evaluation Model Based on Network
Analysis
Enhancing Accessibility & Evacuation Safety in Ho Chi
Minh City's Alleyways

The University ofTokyo

Tran Thi To Uyen M. N.

VietnamF

Strategies for conservation of historic architecture forsustainable building stock management: Proposing
decision-making model for optimal ratio of renovation
for conversion to profit-making facilities

The University of
Tokyo

Kaori Isawa

Japan

G

RESEARCH ON DESIGNING AND MANUFACTURING A
PROTOTYPE WITH HIGH FUEL EFFICIENCY FOR THE“HONDA ECO MILEAGE CHALLENGE”

Ho Chi Minh City
University ofTechnology

Pham Quang Minh
Tran Quang Khai

VietnamH

A Multidimensional Date-driven Exhaustive andEvolutionary Solution to Control-Map-Control the Urban
Air Pollution

Indian Institute ofTechnology Delhi

Utsav Bhardwaj

India

I

Assessment of Water Stress and Water Quality in theUpper Thai Binh River Basin, Vietnam

VNU-Vietnam Japan
University

Htet Thu Soe

Myanmar

J

Electronic Waste Recycling: Generating Wealth from
Waste via Zero Discharge Technology

Indian Institute ofTechnology Delhi

Prashant Ram Jadhao
Ramdayal Panda

India

Results of Research Poster Contest
Award

Team

1

E

2

Organization

Name/Leader

Country

The University of Tokyo/ Imai Laboratory

Tran Thi To Uyen M. N.

VietnamJ

Indian Institute of Technology Delhi

Prashant Ram Jadhao
Ramdayal Panda

India

3

C

Indian Institute of Technology Delhi

Rishabh Shukla

India

Audience
Award

H

Indian Institute of Technology Delhi

Utsav Bhardwaj

India

38

Poster Contest Presentation

1st Prize
A Safety Level Evaluation Model Based on Network Analysis

Enhancing Accessibility & Evacuation Safety in Ho Chi Minh City’s Alleyways
TRAN Thi To Uyen M.N.

Department of Architecture, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Japan/ to-uyen@iis.u-tokyo.ac.jp
Background and Research Problem

Thu Duc

District 9

Go VapBinh Thanh
Phu Nhuan
Tan Binh
District 2

District 3

Tan Phu
District 10District 1

District 11
District 4

District 5
Binh Tansite location

District 6
District 8

District 7

0

Ho Chi Minh City’s Alleyway Neighborhoods

50

100

150
0

Photo by Sanuki Daisuke Architects.

• Still houses about 85% of city dwellers.
• Vital for socio-economic diversity in urban communities.
• Characterized by their labyrinthine shaped network,
dead-end streets, and narrow street widths.

200 [m]
50

100

150

200 [m]Data processing method and methodology

Photo by author.

evacuation points
accessible points

accessible network
inaccessible network

Research Aim and Strategy• Develop a model to evaluate and enhance the safety ofstreet networks using the Network Voronoi Algorithm.
• Modify the network topology through soft interventions
like alley widening or adding new links in the network.

Photo by author.

• Creation of the network data and classification of edges by street width.
• Safety threshold set at 3.5m defining the accessible & inaccessible networks.
• Accessible & evacuation points: generators for Network Voronoi calculations.

Photo by Sanuki Daisuke Architects.

Safety Evaluation Variables
1. Accessibility Risk

2. Unreachability Risk

3. Edge Responsibility

4. Flow capacity

Accessibility risk of node 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 is given byshortest distance from 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 to the nearest
𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 = {accessible node (𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 ∶ inaccessible node) .
0 (𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 ∶ accessible node) .

0

50

100

150

200 [m]0

Response of emergency services• Risk of a location measured by its distance to thenearest point accessible by an emergency vehicle.
• If di= 0 a location is accessible (dark blue).

shortest distance from 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 to the nearest
𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 = {accessible node (𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 ∶ inaccessible node) .
0 (𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 ∶ accessible node) .

Unreachability of house node 𝑗𝑗𝑗𝑗 (= 1, 2, … , 𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛) is given by
𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑗𝑗𝑗𝑗 = ∑𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚
𝑗𝑗𝑗𝑗=1 𝛿𝛿𝛿𝛿𝑗𝑗𝑗𝑗𝑗𝑗𝑗𝑗 ,if house node 𝑗𝑗𝑗𝑗 is connected
to any evacuation node when
0 ().
edge 𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙 (= 1, 2, … , 𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚), adjacent
where 𝛿𝛿𝛿𝛿𝑗𝑗𝑗𝑗𝑗𝑗𝑗𝑗 =to any house, is removed{
1 (otherwise).

Case studies of improvementn: Total number of house nodesIntervention area
Widened edgem: Total number of edges adjacent to any house
Added edge

Accessibility riskcase study 1

𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘 = ∑𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑗𝑗𝑗𝑗=1 ℎ𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑗𝑗𝑗𝑗 ,if house node 𝑗𝑗𝑗𝑗 is connected
0 (to any evacuation node when ) .
edge 𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘 is removed
1 (otherwise).

{n: Total number of house nodes

𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐 =

𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘
max {𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡 }150

200 [m]

0

100

150

200 [m]Unreachability of house node 𝑗𝑗𝑗𝑗 (= 1, 2, … , 𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛) is given by

where 𝛿𝛿𝛿𝛿𝑗𝑗𝑗𝑗𝑗𝑗𝑗𝑗 =0 ().
edge 𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙 (= 1, 2, … , 𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚), adjacent
to any house, is removed{
1 (otherwise).

• Count how many houses are disconnected from any
evacuation point if an edge is removed.
n: Total number of house nodes
even a single point of failure• In a tree topology(rk ≥ 1),
m: Total numberof edges adjacent to any housecan disrupt the connection from a node to a safe area.

Unreachabilityof
ofhousehousenode
node𝑗𝑗𝑗𝑗𝑗𝑗𝑗𝑗(=(=1,1,2,2,……, ,𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛)𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛)isisgiven
givenbybyUnreachability

𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘 = ∑𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑗𝑗𝑗𝑗=1 ℎ𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑗𝑗𝑗𝑗 ,housenode
node𝑗𝑗𝑗𝑗𝑗𝑗𝑗𝑗isisconnectedconnected
ififhousetoany
anyevacuation
evacuationnodenodewhen
when
to
0 (
).
(=1,1,2,2,……, ,𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚),edge 𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙(=𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚),adjacentadjacent) .
where𝛿𝛿𝛿𝛿𝛿𝛿𝛿𝛿𝑗𝑗𝑗𝑗𝑗𝑗𝑗𝑗𝑗𝑗𝑗𝑗𝑗𝑗𝑗𝑗 == 0 (edge
where
toany
anyhouse,house, isisremoved
removedto(otherwise).
{{11(otherwise).

if house node 𝑗𝑗𝑗𝑗 is connected
0 (to any evacuation node when ) .
where ℎ𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑗𝑗𝑗𝑗 =edge 𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘 is removed{
1 (otherwise).

n: Total number of house nodes

n:Total
Totalnumber
numberofofhouse
housenodes
nodesn:m:Total
Totalnumber
numberofofedges
edgesadjacentadjacenttotoany
anyhousehousem:Edgeresponsibility
responsibilityof
ofedgeedge𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘isisgiven
givenby
by
Edge
𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛
𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘 == ∑∑𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑗𝑗𝑗𝑗=1
𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑗𝑗𝑗𝑗 , ,𝑗𝑗𝑗𝑗=1ℎℎ𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑗𝑗𝑗𝑗

𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘 =housenode
node𝑗𝑗𝑗𝑗𝑗𝑗𝑗𝑗isisconnectedconnected
ififhouse
0 (to any evacuation node when ) .
whereℎℎ𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑗𝑗𝑗𝑗𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑗𝑗𝑗𝑗== 0 (to any evacuation node when ) .
whereedge𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘 isisremoved
removededge(otherwise).
{{11(otherwise).

Unreachability risk

Edge responsibility

.

𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡

Flow capacity

Bottleneck risk of edge k is given by
𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘 = 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘 − 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘′ .

ck’ : edge capacity of edge k’s adjacent edge inthe direction of the evacuation path

Edgecapacity
capacityof
ofedgeedgekkisisgiven
givenby
by
Edge
𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴

𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘
max {𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡 }Ak : Area of edge k
Pkt : number of residents on edge k in time t

𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘.
𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘 == max{𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃{𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡}} .
max
𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡
𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡

[2]

𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡case study 2• Edge capacity = density of evacuees on edge at peak time.

Results• The most vulnerable locations in the network are affectedby the network topology, the distance to a safe area, street
widths, and the distribution of houses in the network.
• Modifying the network topology and street widths arehighly efficient while having a small impact on the local
community.

(3)

Areaofofedge
edgekk
AAkk::Areanumberofofresidents
residentson
onedgeedgekkinintime
timettPPktkt::number• Targeting the weakest point in the network for improvement
interventions is the most efficient result of network-widesafety improvement for the accessibility risk, unreachability
risk, and edge responsibility, but this is not valid for theconcept of flow capacity (only local result).

edgecapacity
capacityofofedge
edgek’sk’sadjacentadjacentedge
edgeinincck’k’::edge
thedirection
directionofofthe
theevacuation
evacuationpath
path
the

Bottleneck risk of edge k is given by
𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘 = 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘 − 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘′ .

ck’ : edge capacity of edge k’s adjacent edge inthe direction of the evacuation path[6]

• However, the flow capacity detects which intersections in the
network are located at the border of the Voronoi network
cells, where residents evacuate in opposite directions;whereas the others have a higher bottleneck risk, whichcannot be derived from the network topology.

Conclusioncase 3• The prospective intervention projects are compared interms of safety improvement, economic impact (definedby the modified area), and social impact (defined by the
number of households forced to relocate or give away apart of their land plot).

case study 3case 2case 3

Evacuation simulation from each house to an evacuation
point

Edge capacity of edge k is given by

𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘 ==𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘−−𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘′𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘′. .

.

𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡

0

Accessibility risk of node 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 is given byAccessibility risk of node 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 is given byshortest distance from 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 to the nearest
shortest distance𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 to the nearest
node (𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖from∶ inaccessiblenode) .
𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 = {accessible
Accessibility risk of node 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 is given byAccessibility risk of node 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 is given by(𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 ∶ inaccessible
𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 = {accessible(𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 ∶ accessible
0 nodenode) . node) .
shortest distance from 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 to the nearest 0 (𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 ∶ accessible node) .
shortest distance from 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 to the nearest
𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 = {accessible node (𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 ∶ inaccessible node) .
node (𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 ∶ inaccessible node) .
𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 = {accessible
0 (𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 ∶ accessible node) .
Unreachability
0 (𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 ∶ accessiblenode) . of house node 𝑗𝑗𝑗𝑗 (= 1, 2, … , 𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛) is given by
Unreachability 𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚
of house node 𝑗𝑗𝑗𝑗 (= 1, 2, … , 𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛) is given by
𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑗𝑗𝑗𝑗 = ∑𝑗𝑗𝑗𝑗=1 𝛿𝛿𝛿𝛿𝑗𝑗𝑗𝑗𝑗𝑗𝑗𝑗 ,𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚,
𝑗𝑗𝑗𝑗 =is∑given
𝑗𝑗𝑗𝑗=1 𝛿𝛿𝛿𝛿𝑗𝑗𝑗𝑗𝑗𝑗𝑗𝑗byUnreachability of house node 𝑗𝑗𝑗𝑗 (= 1, 2, … ,𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛)
if house node 𝑗𝑗𝑗𝑗 is connected
Unreachability of house node 𝑗𝑗𝑗𝑗 (= 1, 2, … , 𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛) is given by
if house
node 𝑗𝑗𝑗𝑗 is connectedtoany evacuation
node when
𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑗𝑗𝑗𝑗 = ∑𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚
𝑗𝑗𝑗𝑗=1 𝛿𝛿𝛿𝛿𝑗𝑗𝑗𝑗𝑗𝑗𝑗𝑗 ,0 ( to any evacuation node when ) .
𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑗𝑗𝑗𝑗 = ∑𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚
𝛿𝛿𝛿𝛿
,
𝑗𝑗𝑗𝑗=1 𝑗𝑗𝑗𝑗𝑗𝑗𝑗𝑗
edge 𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙 (= 1, 2, … , 𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚), adjacent
where 𝛿𝛿𝛿𝛿𝑗𝑗𝑗𝑗𝑗𝑗𝑗𝑗 =0 ().
if house node 𝑗𝑗𝑗𝑗whereis connectededge𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙 (=house,
1, 2, … ,is𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚),
adjacent𝛿𝛿𝛿𝛿𝑗𝑗𝑗𝑗𝑗𝑗𝑗𝑗 =to anyremovedif anyhouse
node 𝑗𝑗𝑗𝑗 is nodeconnected
toevacuationwhenhouse, is removed{
1 (otherwise).
0 ( to any evacuation node when ) . to any𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙 (= 1, 2, … , 𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚), adjacent
where 𝛿𝛿𝛿𝛿𝑗𝑗𝑗𝑗𝑗𝑗𝑗𝑗 = 0 (edge{ ).
1 (otherwise).
(=
edge
𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙
1,
2,
…
,
𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚),
adjacent
where 𝛿𝛿𝛿𝛿𝑗𝑗𝑗𝑗𝑗𝑗𝑗𝑗 =number of house nodes
to any house, n:
is Total
removedtoanyhouse,
isremovedn:Totalnumber
of
house
nodes
m:
Total
numberofedges
adjacent
to
any
house
{
1 (otherwise).
{
1 (otherwise).
m: Total number of edges adjacent to any housen: Total number of house nodesn:m:Total
Totalnumber
numberofofhouseedges nodes
adjacent to any house
Edge responsibilityof edge 𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘 is given by
m: Total number of edges adjacent
to any house
Edge responsibilityof edge 𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘 is given by𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘 = ∑𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑗𝑗𝑗𝑗=1 ℎ𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑗𝑗𝑗𝑗 ,𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛
Edge responsibility of edge 𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘 is given by 𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘 = ∑𝑗𝑗𝑗𝑗=1 ℎ𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑗𝑗𝑗𝑗 ,Edge responsibility of edge 𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘 is given by
if house node 𝑗𝑗𝑗𝑗 is connected
𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘 = ∑𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑗𝑗𝑗𝑗=1 ℎ𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑗𝑗𝑗𝑗 ,any evacuation
node when ) .
if house
node 𝑗𝑗𝑗𝑗 is connected
0 (towhere ℎ𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑗𝑗𝑗𝑗 =50
200 [m]𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘 =100∑𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑗𝑗𝑗𝑗=1 ℎ𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑗𝑗𝑗𝑗150,
𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘 is removed
evacuation
node when ) .
0 (to anyedgeℎ𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑗𝑗𝑗𝑗 =if house node 𝑗𝑗𝑗𝑗whereis connectededge
𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘 is removed{
1 (otherwise).
if anyhouse
node 𝑗𝑗𝑗𝑗 is nodeconnected
evacuation
when
0 (to
).
{
1 (otherwise).
where ℎ𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑗𝑗𝑗𝑗 = 0 (to any evacuation node when ) .
edge 𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘 is removed
n: Total number of house nodes
where ℎ𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑗𝑗𝑗𝑗 =
edge
𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘
is
removedn: Total number of house nodes{
1 (otherwise).
{
1 (otherwise).
n: Total number of house nodes
Edge capacity of edge k is given byn: Total number of house nodes
Edge capacity of 𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴edge k is given by
𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘
𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘 =.
}max𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴{𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃
𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘 𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡
Edge capacity of edge k is given by
𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘 = 𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡 {𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃.
max 𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡 }Edge capacity of edge k is given by𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡
𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘
Ak : Areaof edge k
𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘 =.
max𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴{𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃
𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘 𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡 }numberof residents
on edge k in time t
APkkt::Areaof edgek
𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘 = max.
𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡{𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡 }𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡
Pkt : number of residents on edge k in time t
Ak : Area of edge kAof edgek
Pkkt:: Area
numberof residents
on edge k in time t
Pkt : number of residents onBottleneckedge k in risk
timeoft edge k is given by
Bottleneck risk of edge k is given by
𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘 = 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘 − 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘′ .
Bottleneck risk of edge k is given by
𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘 = 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘 − 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘′ .
ck’ : edge capacity of edge k’s adjacent edge in
Bottleneck risk of edge k is given by
the direction
evacuation
pathedge in
𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘 = 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘 − 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘′ .
ck’ : edge
capacityof
ofthe
edge
k’s adjacent𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘 = 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘 − 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘′ .
the direction of the evacuation pathck’ : edge capacity of edge k’s adjacent edge in
ck’ : edge
capacityofoftheedge
k’s adjacent
the direction
evacuation
pathedge inthe direction of the evacuation path

• Bottleneck risk = detection of locations with risks of delay
during the evacuation process.

Edge responsibility of edge 𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘 is given by

𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚,
𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑗𝑗𝑗𝑗𝑗𝑗𝑗𝑗 ==∑∑𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚
𝑗𝑗𝑗𝑗=1𝛿𝛿𝛿𝛿𝛿𝛿𝛿𝛿
𝑗𝑗𝑗𝑗𝑗𝑗𝑗𝑗𝑗𝑗𝑗𝑗𝑗𝑗𝑗𝑗 ,𝑗𝑗𝑗𝑗=1

Ak : Area of edge k
Pkt : number of residents on edge k in time tcurrent situationcase 2case 250= ∑𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚, residents
𝑗𝑗𝑗𝑗=1 𝛿𝛿𝛿𝛿𝑗𝑗𝑗𝑗𝑗𝑗𝑗𝑗of
Possible disruptions in the network and evacuation𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑗𝑗𝑗𝑗route
if house
nodeshortest
𝑗𝑗𝑗𝑗 is connectedpath.
Simulation of all possible scenarios and calulation of the evacuation route using
theto any evacuation node when

Bottleneckrisk
riskofofedgeedgekkisisgiven
givenbybyBottleneck

Edge capacity of edge k is given by
𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘
current situation

current situation

100n:Total
Totalnumber
numberofofhouse
housenodes
nodes
n:

Edge responsibility of edge 𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘 is given by
where ℎ𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑗𝑗𝑗𝑗 =50• Count how
many
house
Accessibility
risktimes
ofnodenode𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖agivenbyby is disconnected from
Accessibility
riskof
isisgivena safe area.
shortestdistancedistancefrom
from𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖totothethenearest
nearestshortest
accessiblenodenode (𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖(𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖∶∶inaccessible
inaccessiblenode)node). .
𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 =={{accessible• If uj = 0, two-way
evacuation
route
exists.
accessiblenode)node). .
00(𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖(𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖∶∶accessible• If uj ≥ 1, node is located on a tree-shaped network.

Accessibility risk of node 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 is given byurrent situation

ase 2

Analytical area in Ward 2,
District 5, HCMC

• City planners and local governments face difficulties toimprove safety standards in traditional neighborhoods.
• Struggle to balance conservation and modernization of
the urban tissue.
• Focus on cities that have experienced rapid urbanizationand densification.

(1)case 3case 339(2)• Powerful tool for urban planners and local governments tomanage and estimate the efficiency of future infrastructure
improvement projects.

Poster Contest Presentation

2nd Prize
Electronic Waste Recycling: Generating Wealth from Waste via Zero Discharge Technology
Prashant Ram Jadhao, Ramdayal Panda
Supervisors: Prof. K. K. Pant (kkpant@chemical.iitd.ac.in), Prof. K. D. P. Nigam (drkdpn@gmail.com)
Chemical Engineering Department, Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi, New Delhi - 110016, India.
Email Id: pjadhao12@gmail.com, ramdayalpanda7@gmail.com
Result and Discussion

Background and Motivation
E-waste Generation:

Country wise e-waste generation• Worldwide 53.6 million
tons of e-waste wasproduced in 2019 andanticipated to reach
74.7 million tons by2030• Only 20% of the total ewaste is being recycled
through formal sector

Health Hazards:• Majority of the ewaste is managed
through
landfilland incineration,
which pollutes theenvironment andleads to humanhealth hazards

Lab Scale Study:

TGA

Maximum weight loss is in therange of 250 °C to 450 °C

Effect of temperature

400 °C was found to be optimum for
maximum degradation of polymers

FTIR analysis shows that most of the organic
material was decomposed at 400 °C

Pilot Scale Study:• The gaseous product mainly consistedof H2, CH4, CO and CO2, having theheating value 28.5 MJ/kg• Obtained oil mainly consists of phenyl
and benzene ring compounds with aheating value of 32.7 MJ/kg

Health hazards of e-waste• Compare to ores,
the concentrationof Au is almost 25 –250 times higher in
e-waste (PCB ofcomputer),while
concentration of Cu
is 20–40 times
higherValue of materials present in e-waste• Resource recovery from e-waste will help to conserve thenatural resources and will also help to mitigate theenvironmental and human health hazards• Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop an ecofriendly technologies for recycling of e-waste

Gaseous product composition

10 kg/h pilot plant for pyrolysis

Resource Recovery:

Metal Metal Content in Metal content in separated % transferred to

Effect of time on separation of
metallic fraction

WPCB

metallic fraction

Cu

25%

65%

Pb

3%

10%

97

Al

1.40%

4%

97

Synthesized Aerogel

metal fraction
88

Ni

0.64%

1.6%

87

Ag

432 ppm

1341 ppm

100

Au

2 ppm

5.5 ppm

100• More than 90% of the metals were separated after
ultrasonication of pyrolyzed solid product

Methodology

Effect of roasting temperature

Effect of roasting time

Effect of NH4Cl dose

• Optimum parameters for roasting are: temperature of 300 °C, roasting time of 4 h and NH4Cl dosage to PCB ratio of 3 g/g• Under the optimized roasting conditions, around 93% Cu, 100% Ni, 100% Zn, and 100% Pb were recovered• UN adopted ambitious 2030 agenda for sustainable development.
This agenda identified 17 sustainable development goals (SDGs).
• Management of e-waste is closely linked to 6 SDGs

Overall methodology of the recycling process

1. Pyrolysis of e-waste for conversion of polymers into oiland combustible gases
2. Separation of metallic fraction using ultrasonication
and aerogel synthesis
3. Low temperature roasting – water leaching for
extraction of metals into solution

Acknowledgment

Conclusions• Pilot scale study has been successfully demonstrated for conversion of e-waste plastic into valuable liquid and gaseous
products• Approximately 90 wt.% metallic fraction (feed to product basis) was separated in 30 min using ultrasonication• Around 93% Cu, 100% Ni, 100% Zn, and 100% Pb were recovered at temperature of 300 °C, time of 4 h and NH4Cl dose of 3 g/g• The present technology provides an eco-friendly solution for the sound management of e-waste along with recovery of metals
and production of valuables products.

References
1. P. R. Jadhao, E. Ahmed, K. K. Pant, K. D. P. Nigam, Environmentally friendly approach for the recovery of metallic fraction from waste printed circuit boards using pyrolysis
and ultrasonication, Waste Management,2020, 118, 150-160.
2. R. Panda, P. R. Jadhao, K. K. Pant, S. N. Naik, T. Bhaskar, Eco-friendly recovery of metals from waste mobile printed circuit boards using low temperature roasting, Journalof Hazardous Materials, 2020, 395, 122642.

40

Poster Contest Presentation

3rd Prize
DEVELOPMENT OF A DECENTRALISED WASTEWATER TREATMENT SYSTEM TO
COMBAT CONVENTIONAL AND EMERGING POLLUTANTS PRESENT IN URBANSEWAGES: ON-SITE EVALUATION IN NEW DELHI
Rishabh Shukla
Department of Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology
Indian Institute of Technology Delhi

Background

Emerging pollutants removal performance100

oxa 486050

oxa A1

40

TEM

30

ere A

30

20

erm C

20

10

tet W

10

qnrS

0

Fig. Removal of ARGs through MTF

7
6log(CFU/ml)• To develop an eco-friendly, cost and energy-efficient biological wastewater treatment system
to remove major conventional and emerging pollutants from the wastewater.

4
3

1
0

Fig. Removal of ARB through MTF• Aerobic zone performs nitrification whereas
anoxic zone carry out denitrification.
• In aerobic zone, ventilation holes were
provided through which oxygen can be easily
diffused from the atmosphere through the
bed by natural ventilation.
Denitrifying bacteria

NH4_ N

Aerobic Zone

NO3-N

Ammonia nitrifier

Nitrite-oxidizing bacteria
NO2-N

•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•

• Polyurethane sponges were used as biofilm
support media. These porous sponges preventthe washout of the bacterial cells from thereactor and provide longer SRT.

Anoxic ZoneFC
R2A Mero Tet
EryCip
KPC ESBL Amo
Average over HRTs- Aerobic
Average over HRTs- Anaerobic• ARB, clinically significant ARGs and
PPCPs were efficiently removed through
MTF.
• Different group of microorganisms in
MTF excretes enzymes which help inthe degradation of EPs.
• Poly urethane sponge act as biofilter onwhich micropollutants can be adsorbed.

• The MTF has two sequential treatment zones aerobic zone(upper) and anoxic zone(lower).

N2

TC
Inlet

CIP-Ciprofloxacin, ERY- Erythromycin, ESBL- extended spectrum of β-lactam,
KPC-Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase, Mero- Meropenem, AMOAmoxicillin, TET- Tetracycline, TC- Total coliform, FC- Faecal coliform

Modified Trickling Filter (MTF)
Anoxic Zone

Table. Overall performance summary of MTF

2• To investigate the potential of our developed system in removing Antibiotic ResistantBacteria (ARB), Antibiotic Resistance Genes (ARGs) and Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care
Products (PPCPs) from the urban sewage of New Delhi.

Aerobic Zone

Fig. Removal of PPCPs through MTF

5

Objectives

Triclosan

Antibiotic Resistance Genes (ARGs)

Diclofenac

PPCPs

RARB
River
iver

40

Terbinafine

0

ARGs

50

Trimethoprem

PPCPs

ARB

70

60

Ranitidine

PPCPs

ARGs

ARB

80

NDM

Sulphamethazine• Untreated and treated urban sewage are mainly
responsible for the discharge of emerging
pollutants into the environment.

ARGs

90

IMP

70

Metformin

Urban sewage

ctxM

80

% Removal• Available conventional treatment technologies
are inefficient in removing emerging pollutantsfrom urban sewages.

ARB% Removal

PPCPs

100

90

Conventional
STP

ARGs

Atenolol

Emerging
pollutants

Mefanemic acid

• Presence of Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) andmicropollutants in the aquatic environment is a
global concern.

• Longer SRT allows growth of slow growing
bacteria like nitrifiers.

Salient feature of MTF

High removal efficiency for organics and nutrients
Efficiently removes EPs from wastewaterNo need of external aeration ( energy efficient)
Simple process control and less maintenanceFlexible to be combined with advance treatment options
Negligible sludge generation
High sludge retention time
Compact design and small foot print for installation
Can be operated at lower HRTs
Cheap and durable biofilm support media i.e., polyurethane sponge

Future applications

Study site: Barapullah Drain, New Delhi• Second largest drain of Delhi• Untreated sewage of Barapullah drain is directly

Agricultural applications

contaminating the river Yamuna• Receives discharge mainly from households andLandscape irrigation

hospitals

Washing and other domestic applications• MTF of treatment capacity 2KLD was installed at theIndustrial applications

drain

Combined with Tertiary
treatment(UV/Ozone/RO)

x MTF is a promising sustainable system for wastewater treatment in developing countries like
India, where discharge of untreated sewage is a common practice.

2.5 h-HRTx The performance result of MTF showed an excellent potential to overcome the limitation of
conventional WWTPs.

Phosphate

2.5 h-HRTwith 0.5 RR

Nitrate -N

Ammoniacal-N

Nitrate -N

Nitrate -N

Ammoniacal -N

Concnetration (mg/L)

Inlet

4 h-HRT

2.5 Hr HRT with 2 Hr HRT with
0.5 RR
0.5 RR

Ammoniacal -N

2.5 hr HRT

Nitrate -N

4 Hr HRT
sCOD

35
30
25
20
15
10
5
0

Drinking

Conclusions

Ammoniacal -N

100
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0

Ammoniacal -N% Removal

Conventional pollutants removal performance

2 h-HRT with
0.5 RRx The overall results indicate MTF reactor is promising for decentralised wastewater treatment
and can be used for small community applications.

Fig. Distribution of microbial community in MTF involved in nitrogen removal• Various nitrifiers, denitrifiers, aerobic denitrifiersand ANAMMOX bacteria were distributed ineach zone of MTF system.

Fig. Performance comparison of MTF at different HRTs

Contact information• MTF capable of removing ammoniacal • The co-existence of simultaneous nitrification
nitrogen, nitrate-nitrogen, COD andand denitrification (SND) process, results in thephosphate at the lower hydraulicenhanced nitrogen removal from the system.
retention time of 2 Hr.

Rishabh Shukla
Ph.D. Scholar
Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, India
rishabh.iitd9@gmail.com

41

Poster Contest Presentation

Audience Award
A Multidimensional Data-driven Exhaustive and Evolutionary Solution toControl-Map-Control the Urban Air Pollution
Utsav Bhardwaj, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi
Introduction: Magnitude of the Problem Addressed

¾
¾
¾
¾

7 million premature deaths recorded per year in
the world due to Air Pollution, including 4
million in the Asia-Pacific region (as per WHO).
India is one of the worst affected countries, withnational capital region (including New Delhi) as
one of the most polluted cities in the world.
1.2 million Air Pollution related deaths recorded
in India in 2017 alone. Average Life Expectancy
was reduced by 1.7 years.
Large values of PM2.5 and PM10.
Large concentrations of SO2, NO, NO2, CO, O3.

Air Quality Index (AQI) in
New Delhi is almost always
much higher than safe limit

Hazardous

NEW DELHI

Very Unhealthy(plot by SMARTAIRTM)¾

Unhealthy
Moderate

Poor Visibility in New Delhi due to Air Pollution

Sensitive

Good

Critical Review of the present state and Way Forward
Smog Tower

Wind Augmentation
Purifying Unit (WAYU)

¾
¾

¾
¾
Implemented Solutions

Solutions implemented in Delhi till now have been severely criticized from different aspects(scientific basis, effectiveness, cost, etc.).
Highly unfavorable economic aspects (for Smog Towers alone) Cost of a Smog Tower (only 1 has been installed till now): US$1.68 million
 No. of such Smog Towers required to cover entire Delhi: 2.5 million
 Total Cost: US$4,200 billion (37.6 times of the GDP of entire Delhi)
All possible solutions need to be critically evaluated before a reliable and sustainable pollution
control strategy can be outlined.
With current air pollution levels, highly intensive and multidimensional pollution control
solutions are needed to observe any incremental reduction in the Air Quality Index (AQI).

Solution: Smart network of ground-based, elevated and airborne Air Sampling-cum-Filtration Modules (ASFMs)

Aerostat
Aerostat
Install ASFMs in airspace around the solution-entities (Smog Tower,
Airship
WAYU, etc.) and at far-away distances. Capture particulate matter andgaseous pollutants. Measure local air velocity in realtime with each ASFM Tether -line Solar
Panelsusing an onboard sensor.
Winch
Winch
¾ Mount solar-powered ASFMs over utility poles, broadcasting andG
Skymobile towers, and skyscrapers at different heights.
Building-1
Building-2
Yscraper¾ Deploy solar-powered He-filled aerostats over rooftops, towers,
M
bridges, etc.; with tether-lines of several meters (max 2500 m). Install
ASFMs at the aerostat as well as entire tether-line. Incentivize theinitiative of common people providing a small space for winches.
Bicycle¾ Incentivize the use of air-cleaning bicycles for routine transportation.
Paddles and wheels filter the air using ASFMs.
Street¾ Install ASFMs in the commercial/home gym equipment. The
Commulight
Control Station
rotary/translational motions force the air through ASFMs.
Road
nication
Sampling¾ Deploy He-filled solar powered autonomous airships equipped with
Utility
ModuleBroadcasting/spatiotemporal sampling algorithms for sampling missions.
Pole
Bicycle ASFM
Mobile Tower
Implementation (Pilot Project): at IIT Delhi campus (involving
ConceptofOperations
students’ bicycles, gym, buildings, poles, etc.) with Lab support
Testing and Characterization
Sample Collection
Sample-setof Samples (Filter Sample +Component Level Prototypes (Developed and Tested)
at ASFMs
RetrievalChamber Samples) at Lab
Airship-2
Airship-1
Data
Continual Evolutionary Rectification Process(2009) (2013)
Aerostat-2
Solo/Combinatory Filtration Performances, Spatiotemporal
Server(2014)
Aerostat-1
Maps of Pollution Parameters (chemical composition,(Lab +(2007)
particles’ number density and size/shape, gases’ ppm) andControl
Air Velocities, Dispersion/Transport Patterns of Pollutants
Station)Pattern Recognition
Iterative Loop
Payload (kg): 1
6
15
2
Cost (US$): 1120
2800
4200
1680
Optimize the network of ASFMs (update orientations, ON/OFF statuses,
Design of ASFM (currently under process)sampling frequencies, algorithms for analysis, predictive tools, targeted
Chambersforambient
airsamples
Clean
AQIs) depending on their type and current absolute/relative coordinates
Chambers for clean air samples
Air
Filter Section
Ambient Air in
Control Station: [Server] + [Data Analytics Module] + [Dashboard]Out
Pump/Valve Actuation Module

Major Components of an Onboard System: ASFM, Transceiver Evaluation Parameters: Percentage reduction in PM2.5, PM10, and concentration(ppm/ppb) of gaseous pollutants; Cost Incurred per unit percentage reduction
Module, Control System, and Actuation Module

Conclusions

The study paves a way to determine (1) Relative effectiveness of various pollution control solutions (Smog Tower, WAYU, etc.) w.r.t. placement (2) Optimum
network of ASFMs: distribution pattern, orientations, etc. (3) Intensive source apportionment methodology, and (4) Outline of Pollution Control Strategy.

42Keynote Speech 3
Day 2

Keynote Speech 3

Mr. Kiyoshi Amada
Director General, Infrastructure Management Department,
Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA)

Good Urban Management for Sustainable Cities
All the audience members, guests, preparation committee members andother staff of the Forum, and staff and senior members of Honda
Foundation, good afternoon from Tokyo, maybe good morning and goodevening to those participating somewhere else. It is my great honor to
make a presentation as a kickoff of the second-day program of Honda Y-E-S
Forum 2021. I will discuss about sustainable cities and urban design,
particularly from the viewpoint of good management.

Good Urban Management
for Sustainable Cities
11th July, 2021
Honda Y-E-S Forum
Tokyo, JapanAMADA Kiyoshi
Director General, Infrastructure Management Department
Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA)

Later I will touch upon the cases of five cities. I know that many audience
members are participating from around the world. I hope many
participants are particularly from Vientiane and Bangkok on the map.

Ulaanbaatar

Tokyo
Vientiane
Dhaka

Bangkok

NairobiToday I will talk about issues of urbanization, sustainable cities, urban
management and some project cases.

Contents
1. Issues in Urban Area under Rapid Urbanization
2. Sustainable City We Think…
3. Management Matters
4. Various Problems in Urban Management
5. Good Urban Management
6. Urban Management as an Enabler for Sustainable City
7. Project Showcase
Case-1. Development control – Vientiane, Laos
Case-2. Master Planning with Citizens’ Participation – Nairobi, Kenya
Case-3. Sustainable Urban Management Cycle – Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
Case-4. TOD as a New Horizon – Dhaka, Bangladesh
Case-5. Smart City as a New Horizon – Bangkok, Thailand
Quality of Life through Urban Transport

Japan International Cooperation Agency

Now what is going on in urban areas, particularly in developing countries?
First, urbanization is in progress with unprecedented speed and scale.
Urban population of developing countries has increased from 0.7 billion tomore than 3 billion over the past 40 years and is expected to reach almost 6
billion in 2050. 66% of developing countries’ populations will live in urban
areas. Secondly, urbanization has been functioning as the engine ofsocioeconomic growth. Accumulation and integration in urban areas create
value efficiently. Innovation is accelerated to make city life more convenientand our economy more productive. But we cannot forget that severe
problems are generated or exacerbated by rapid urbanization. Traffic jams,
life conditions, drinking water, air pollution, even economic losses andsocial problems, and others. Climate change is not an issue within urban
areas, but carbon dioxide emissions concentrated in cities must be tackled
for carbon neutrality.

442

1. Issues in Urban Area under Rapid Urbanization
Urbanization is the engine of socio-economic growth through efficiency and innovation.
But, cities are faced with various problems under rapid extension.
CO2 emission has external negative impact for global climate change.
 Disordered urban sprawl
 Lack of infrastructure and public
services Traffic congestion Inequality
 Severe life conditions
 Health problems
 Disorder and security risk
 Economic loss
Japan International Cooperation Agency

3

Keynote Speech 3

So what kind of city do we wish to live in? What do we expect in asustainable city? “Sustainable city” is kind of a magic word that enjoys
merits of urbanization at the maximum level and prevents and mitigates
problems to the minimum level. We, JICA, think there are five elements of asustainable city. First, environmental friendliness. Second, convenience.
Third, creativity. Fourth, safety and security. And the last, equity andfairness. Those should be sustained by good infrastructure and urban
management based on the global environment.
Here I would like to emphasize the importance of management in order toachieve sustainable cities, in other words, to enjoy the benefits ofurbanization and at the same time to solve the problems. Why? Planning is
critical before building infrastructure, which has heavy irreversibility. We
need regulations. For example, landowners’ property rights may be
restricted as far as necessary for the public interest. Also, coordination isrequired among a numerous number of various stakeholders in a city. With
total management, urban development or mass development projects as awhole will make benefits.
Such urban management does not work well in many developing
countries. That’s one of the most critical reasons why many cities are facedwith enormous problems. There are various types of problems in urban
management. From the planning phase to the implementation phase,problems arise. For example, lack of sectoral coordination, public relations
not well constructed, low capability of financial arrangements, and so on.

2. Sustainable City We Think…
In transforming to sustainable city which contains necessary functions, we should more focus on
urban management as well as infrastructure development.
Well balanced Social,
Environmental and Economic
activities

Supported by the good
Infrastructure and Urban
management

Conservation of the global
environment is our common
principle and goal
Source: A Japan
ResearchInternationalon Sustainable Cities
in Developing Countries,
Cooperation
Agency2015, JICA4

3. Management Matters
The sum of development measures does not guarantee the best solution.
With total management, the projects will create more than the sum.
Planning

Coordination

Regulation

Irreversibility of building
infrastructure• Infrastructure defines spatial structure,
which is hard to transform.

Uncontrolled land use

Double investment• Lack of regulation causes unfavorable
urbanization. e.g. housing next tofactory• Who can arrange works of roadpavement and replacing water pipe atthe same time?

Japan International Cooperation Agency

4. Various Problems in Urban Management
In emerging cities, challenges are found in every phase from planning to
implementation. Every single challenge can hamper development.
A variety of administrative challenges are found in every phase of urban development. Every
single one could hamper successful development. All are to be solved one by one.
Planning Phase

Implementation phase Lack of sectoral coordination

 Lack of public relations

 Less relevance/reality of plan

 Lack of evaluation framework Lack of understanding of vision,  Lack of humandevelopment concept
administration
 Lack of funding plan

resource

 Lack of proper development scheme
for large-scale infrastructure projectin Lack of land acquisition and propercompensation scheme Lack of sectoral coordination

 Policy change by political reform Lack of implementation mechanism Lack of public awareness Lowcapability
arrangement

 Absence/low reliability of dataoffinancial Lack of donor coordination
Source: JICA survey for urban masterplan in developing countries

Japan International Cooperation Agency

Urban management is the function to enhance capacity of urban land and space
through facilitating participation of various development resources.
1. Policy Objectives• Visioning, master plan
2. Policy Making and Planning• Urban Development Master Plan
3. Development of Institutional Framework• Development permission• Development methodology• Public Private Partnerships (PPP)
4. Project Implementation• Infrastructure development• Development management• Coordination and improvement by stakeholders

Urban administration is thecore part of sound urban
management which should bea cycle involving feedback
from stakeholders.

Japan International Cooperation Agency

Such good urban management works as an enabler for sustainable cities.
Please look at the diagram. City administration is a key for good urban
management. They can learn from their own experiences. Good
management can generate more development resources even from theprivate sector. We need to develop our capabilities more and more. JICA
supports developing countries for that purpose.

45

7

6. Urban Management as an Enabler for Sustainable City
Good urban management attracts more development resources which accelerates urban
development towards the vision which locals are seeking.
Concessional
funds bydevelopment
donorsCommercial
Funding

Not incorporated

City Administration

Data

Private urban

Development
permission

development

Resident
Community

Not heard

Development without quality / Problems not solved /Lost opportunities

Evidencefor Policy

Commercial
Funding
PPP

Not collected nor
utilized

Returns on
development
funds

Privateurban

development

7. Project Showcase

City Administration

with autonomous urban
management

Function &Services

Harmonious,
Environmental and Social
Considerations

Development Vision /Urban Planning

Infrastructuredevelopment

Investment
environment

with inadequate urban
management

Independent andConcessional

Concessional
funds bydevelopment
donorsDevelopment
funds

Infrastructuredevelopment

Source: Urban Development Strategy Paper, 2021, JICA

Now let me introduce some cases in which JICA is involved, for clues ofunderstanding urban management and capacity building.

6

5. Good Urban Management

Feedbacks from various actors

We need good urban management. First, policy objectives need to be clear.
Vision is essential for all stakeholders. Then, making policies anddeveloping a plan. An institutional framework needs to be developed.
Finally, development activities are implemented. This cycle will reflect
feedback from stakeholders.

5

Participatory
Urban
Development

Development
permission/
regulations

Convenience
Amenity

Smart
City

Data
GIS
Utilized for urban
administration

System and regulatory
development
Participation
Resident
Community

Local improvement

Quality Development / Solving Urban Problems /Utilizing opportunities

Japan International Cooperation Agency

8

Keynote Speech 3

Case-1. Development Control– Vientiane, Laos
Fair and transparent development control in urban land and space is a basis of healthy transformation.

Compa
ny

Acade
mic

CitizenDistrict Plan●

Targets of the Project Information sharing on urban development projects among stakeholders.

Outline of the Project Development Permission System to be in place for enforcement of the land use
defined in the General Urban Plan

Approach for the Targets

Laos PDR

Project
Title:

Case 3: Management cycle in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia. The process started in2009. Vision and policy goals toward 2030, then the plan was implemented.
Just a week ago, New Ulaanbaatar International Airport was opened withJapanese assistance. Now JICA is discussing with Mongolia an urban
development plan for the surrounding area of the new airport.

 JICA supported the formulation of the General Urban Plan in 2011, which was
officially approved in 2020.
 Large scale urban development projects inconsistent with the General Urban Planare implemented.

Platform to share urban development information

Country:

Case 2: Urban master plan of Nairobi in Kenya. When the Kenyan government
prepared an urban development master plan for Nairobi, JICA supported it.
During that process, strong emphasis was on citizens’ participation. We
together with the Kenyan government invited the citizens to a public
consultation process that was held 68 times to understand and incorporate
various opinions for the development vision and sectoral plans. It was a partof the strategic environmental assessment (SEA). Events such as student essay
contests and painting contests of the future vision of Nairobi were held. You
can see one example of the paintings that children made. Such contests were
held to arouse the interest of citizens toward their own city’s development.

Current Condition●

Public Urban Management Platform with GIS tool for information sharing

Project for Capacity
Development on Urban
Development Control andPromotion2020 ~ 2024

 Information dissemination about Development Permission System
 Piloting a collaborative urban development planning involving private sectors andcitizens to identify institutional issues for implementation.
Japan International Cooperation Agency

Participatory approach leads to social satisfaction and social preparedness for upcoming transformation.
●

Original condition
 No comprehensive urban development plan since 1973.
 Rapid population growth caused traffic jam, pollutions, informal housings, etc.
 Weak coordination among stakeholders related to urban planning and development.

Structure Plan

Participatory process for formation

Stakeholder Meeting Cross-sectoral policy review to foster coordination among related agencies.
 Public Consultation to incorporate various opinions.
 Citizen Education to arouse interests towards their city’s development plan.

Citizen Education

Outline of the ProjectCountry:

Kenya

Project
Title:●

Targets of the project Formulation of urban development master plan targeting 2030.

Project for Integrated
Urban Development Master
Plan for the City of Nairobi
2012 ~ 2014

 Approved by the Kenyan government as the 4th Nairobi Urban Development Plan.
Japan International Cooperation Agency

Case-3. Sustainable Urban Management Cycle – Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
2009

1Ulaanbaatar Urban Development Master Plan
- Vision and policy goals for the city toward 2030

1

2013

Project on Capacity Development in Urban Development Sector2- Establishment of Law on Urban Redevelopment- Human resource development for urban redevelopment in UB

2018

Project on Improvement for Planning and Implementation Skills3- Implementation of the UB Urban Development Master Plan
- Implementation of urban redevelopment projects in UB

2022

2
3

4

Japan International Cooperation Agency

12Case-4. TOD as a New Horizon – Dhaka, Bangladesh
Recent development of mass transit in Asian cities will work more in tandem with Transit Oriented Development.
●

Current Condition
 Population increase (19 million in 2018  28 million in 2030)
 Mass Rapid Transit (MRT) Lines are under construction
 Station area development is not planned along MRT stations
 No policies and mechanisms to develop station areas and to promote use of public
transportation

Station site of MRT Line●

Targets of the Project Transit Oriented Development - concentrating urban functions aroundpublic transportation hubs such as railway stations
 Planned urban development along MRT corridor

Outline of the ProjectCountry:
Project
Title:

Case 5: Smart city. Bang Sue station of the Red Line of the Bangkok Metro.
For smart cities, usually technology and data are emphasized. But a humancentered approach is essential for the smart city itself. Here also, please pay
attention to smart energy as well as smart mobility to reduce CO2 emissions
toward carbon neutrality.

11

Steady progress from the planning phase to the actual implementation.

Study on urban development around the New Ulaanbaatar
4International Airport (2021-2022)- Development of a satellite city of UB with a logistic center anda free economic Zone (FEZ)

Case 4: TOD, Transit-oriented Development Plan, in Dhaka, Bangladesh. The
Bangladeshi people and government wish to have mass rapid transport intheir city to overcome traffic congestion and other urban problems. The
MRT is now under construction with Japanese assistance. In tandem with
development of the MRT, the TOD project is ongoing for a sustainable city.

10

Case-2. Master Planning with Citizens’ Participation– Nairobi, Kenya

Feedbacks from various actors

Case 1: In Vientiane, Laos, General Urban Plan 1991 had been existing andthe 2011 version was approved just last year. However, during that period
development projects inconsistent with these plans have been
implemented. JICA supports the Lao government in their capacity building
for information sharing and development permission.

Bangladesh

Project for Development of
Policy and Guidelines forTransit Oriented
Development along Mass
Transit Corridors

 Convenient access to other transit modes

Approach for the Targets

 Preparation of TOD policies and guidelines as urban management tools
 Establishment of coordination mechanism among stakeholders
 Concept and model planning to develop MRT station areas
Japan International Cooperation Agency

13

Case-5. Smart City as a New Horizon – Bangkok, Thailand
Human-centered society using proper technology, but not technology-driven.

Capacity building and coordination among stakeholders have been developed through planning of the Smart City Concept
and implementation structure to realize smart city.

 Smart City Concept

 Basic Zoning of Bang Sue Area

Smart Mobility• Environmentally friendly EV (Personal
Rapid Transit) on sky deck by IoT• Autonomous driving in the future

Residential Mass
(Zone G (KM11))
Innovation/
Business Mass
(Zone C)

GlobalBusiness
Mass(Zone E)

Education
Mass(Zone H)

Green
space
Mass

Smart Energy• Toward Carbon Neutral• Facilitate local energy production
for local consumption• Supply the area with highly reliable,
sustainable energy

Medical Complex
Mass(Zone D)

Gateway Mass
(Bang Sue Grand Station,
Zone A, Zone B, Part ofZone E, Zone F)

Traditional
Culture Mass
(Chatuchak)StationJapan International Cooperation Agency

It doesn’t mean we ignore the importance of technology and data. Pleaserefer to an experimental case, also in Bangkok. Researchers of both Japanand Thailand work together to evaluate quantitatively alternative transportmeasures by calculating from data of transportation and citizens’
preferences. They are trying to promote quality of life in the city area.
Not only in these cities, but also we have other cases in other regions, like
Latin America and the Middle East.

46

14

Case-5. Quality of Life through Urban Transport – Bangkok, Thailand
Quality of life will be promoted by data-driven urban transport model.
“Sukhumvit Model” is studies and tested by researchers to propose simulation model,
walkable street design and personalized mobility and to seek future urban management.

Experiment with Smart
Transport

Prediction by Simulation
Model

AI/Human Co-operative
Evaluation

Visual Time-Spatial Data

Japan International Cooperation Agency

15

Keynote Speech 3

So I hope you will utilize your enormous knowledge, capability and wisdom
for sustainable city management.

Good urban management is indispensable for transforming to sustainable city.

Let’s work together

Japan International Cooperation Agency

At last, let me introduce our vision. JICA is a Japanese governmentalorganization whose mandate is development cooperation with developing
countries. We will take the lead, aspiring to a free, peaceful and prosperous
world with trust. Thank you for listening. Thank you very much.

16

Leading the world with trust
信頼で世界をつなぐ

Q&A Session: Summary
Following the speech a Q&A session was held. The main
discussed questions included:

The answers for these questions have beensummarized below.

• How should countries establish a method for urban

Sustainable urban development requires a great deal of
coordination among numerous agents and stakeholders.
These include the private sector, individual citizens,actors from outside areas, and the public sector. The
government must not command the process but must
play a leading role, with good communication. Part of
JICA’s job as an international development agency is topromote that communication, facilitating consultation
with citizens and showing governments overseas how
the Japanese government communicates andcoordinates with the private sector and citizens.
Two key concepts are smart cities and sustainable
cities. A sustainable city doesn’t have to be a smart city,
but smart cities assist sustainability by making effective
use of modern technology and data. A sustainable cityuses technology and data to focus on human needs.
In terms of the role of energy in sustainable
development, energy is generally produced far from
cities, so the role of the city in energy sustainability is
to improve efficiency. JICA is involved in tacklingthese issues.

management and coordinate with many
stakeholders?
• Can regulations from the government be an obstacle
for the sustainable city development process?
• How has JICA tried to address this issue in thesecountries?
• Some countries are pursuing a goal of smart city
development. Is that the same thing as sustainable
city development? Are these ideas complementary or
are they different?
• What does JICA think about energy problems indeveloping countries and what role does it have insustainable city development?

47

48

Poster Contest Presentation

Presentations by
the Y-E-S Awardees
Day 2

49

Presentations by the Y-E-S Awardees

MyanmarMr. Pyae Phyo Kyaw 2018 Y-E-S Awardee
Ms. Suu Malar Win 2016 Y-E-S Awardee

Ensuring Urban Sustainability through Green Infrastructure
Good afternoon, everybody! Welcome to my presentation!
As a representative of Myanmar Team, today I’m here to talk about how we
can mitigate the negative impacts of rapid urbanization through theimplementation of green infrastructure.

First of all, I’d like to begin my presentation by showing current trends ofurbanization across the world. Since the past few years, the number of
populations residing in urban areas and their associated growth has been
increasing dramatically. This urbanization process is expected to continue
and according to data from United Nations, the urban population will reach
5 billion in 2028 and 6 billion in 2041. As you can see from figure on the rightcorner of this slide, the urban population of the less developed countries has
been growing faster than that of the more developed countries since 1970.
At the present, Asia population makes up 59.76% of total world population
and rate of urban population in Asia has been constantly growing since 1955
as shown in the figure on the top corner and it is predicted to keep growing
in the future.
As a consequence of this rapid urbanization, we are facing several challenges
such as pollution, high release of GHG emissions, unequal access to
infrastructure and the worst of all, cities are becoming more vulnerable toclimate change. So, this is the time that we should take advantages of thesechallenges to enhance urban sustainability. So, let’s find out what is themeaning of urban sustainability. Generally, a sustainable city can be defined asa city which provide opportunities to promote economic growth & prosperity,
while ecosystems and natural resources are well protected and GHG emissions
are reduced in order to lead more inclusive and livable environment.
Now let’s see the major topic of my presentation. It’s about how GreenInfrastructure can contribute in promoting urban sustainability. As reportedby the WB Group, natural infrastructure or engineered structures with naturedesigned to enhance a natural system, and to produce more resilient andlower-cost services can be seen as GI (e.g., wetlands, green roofs, greenparks, permeable road surfaces and so forth). And in this section, I’d like topresent some benefits that GI carry. Depending on the type of approaches,
GI offer various solutions such as flood risk reduction, air pollutants
absorption, provisions of habitats for biodiversity, it also provides social
benefits in terms of mental health improvement due to higher accessibility

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Presentations by the Y-E-S Awardees

to places for social interaction and aesthetic pleasure. And more importantly,
GI cost less than conventional gray infrastructure and also lead to coolingcosts and health service costs reduction which seem pretty attractive to be
adopted. In the next sections, I’m going to elaborate different approaches of
GI with some case studies evidence.
In this section, you are going to see different GI approaches around theworld and their environmental, social and economic benefits are presented
in qualitative terms. But due to the time constraint, let me highlight only one
case study here. It is Stream Restoration Project in Seoul which is started to
implement in 2003 and this is one of the prominent GI examples of all timeand its purpose is to revitalize the Cheonggyecheon Stream that wascovered for decades by a highway overpass. It is reported that the complete
project brings benefits in 34% reduction of air pollution, 3.5 % increase inbusiness and reduction of surrounding temperature.
Now let me discuss the importance of infrastructure for economic growth. We allknow that infrastructure development is vital for economic growth and once wehave made mistakes, it is hard and expensive to recover. So, it is very important
to make right decisions in infrastructure investment. In the past, developed
countries had encountered some failure in infrastructure investments due totheir high reliance on grey infrastructure. So, we, the people from developing
countries still have opportunities to learn from the mistakes of developed
countries as we are still having a big gap in infrastructure development and weshould put more effort to adopt GI. And more interestingly, in the recent year,
there is an evolution of new concept called Green Growth in the economic
sector with a purpose of promoting economic growth while carbon emissions
and the use of natural resources are reduced in a proper manner. And you canalso see some popular GI investment in this slide such as solar farm, wind farmand carbon capture and storage projects.
This time I’d like to present important contributions of GI in the time ofpandemic which is related to all of us at the time being. As we all know, oursocieties have been severely damaged by disease outbreaks throughout thehistory. And one thing we need to know is that dramatic rise of globalization andurbanization has huge influence in containing a pandemic. Now, let’s see how GI
has played as an important role in the time of 1918 influenza spread in US.
During WWI, the worst cases of the influenza pandemic came from overcrowded
military barracks and ships with poor ventilation. When the pandemic hit US,
health officials converted schools, halls and large private houses to emergency
and open-air hospitals to reduce the number of infections and deaths.
Interestingly, medics at that time found that regular meals, warmth, plenty offresh air and sunlight helped severely ill patients recover better than indoor
nursed patients. In the next slide, we’re going to see what kind of solutions GI
can provide to address challenges induced by Covid 19 Pandemic.

Since the beginning of pandemic, we have been staying under a lot of
restrictions to contain the spread of coronavirus. Lockdowns and travel
restrictions lead to decline in physical and mental health. And many
researchers have pointed out that exposure to greenness is important to
mitigate adverse health outcomes and at the same time, demand for safe,
accessible and well-connected green spaces have been increasing among
the urban dwellers. (e.g., community gardens, tree-lined streets, green

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Presentations by the Y-E-S Awardees

corridors, domestic gardens, etc.) So, we can say that Covid 19 pandemictaught us the importance of greenness in planning and management of
future urban design.
Now let’s move on to the topic of how GI mitigate negative impacts ofnatural disasters. In this section, I’d like to focus on challenges ofinfrastructure failure in my country. Myanmar is vulnerable to natural
disasters and 50% of total number of disasters are related to flood, 23% bystorm, 15% by earthquake and the rest by 12% according to 2015 data. And
flood is common disaster in Yangon which is the biggest city of Myanmar
with over 5 million population in the metro area. And 42% of households inYangon are reported being flooded every year. When we research causes offlood in Yangon, we found that being a low-lying area with large population,
disposal blockages, increased rainfall intensity, impervious paved surface
and insufficient drainage system are major factors leading to severe floodingin the city. In the next slide, you’ll see how other countries adopted GI in
response to flooding.
Singapore was a country with severe flooding in the past years. Theirgovernment promoted projects to reduce flood risk. But they relied on grey
infrastructures which resulted negative impacts. Therefore, the national
water agency of Singapore launched the Active, Beautiful, Clean (ABC)
program in 2007 to encourage designs such as rain gardens, bioretention
swales, and wetlands, etc. And according to the assessment of this program,
flood-prone areas in Singapore have decreased substantially from 629 ha in1989 to 56 ha in 2011 and the cities with these practices are well protectedagainst floods. So, we like to recommend cities with high flood risk to learn
from Singapore experience.
In the previous sections, I have discussed how GI respond to negative
impacts of global pandemic and natural disaster. Now we are going to see
the role of GI play in air pollution mitigation. In the city Yangon, air pollutionis also as serious as flooding. Being the most populated city and the mostimportant driver for Myanmar’s economy, there is a large amount ofpollution that arises as a result of these features. And major sources of air
pollution in Yangon include huge influx of cars and industry, burning ofwastes and trees are removed to make ways for streets. As you can see in the
figure, air quality index of the first five months of 2019 was regarded as“unhealthy for sensitive groups” as it is exceeded AQI 100 and also the annual
average AQI is at about 90 which is only “moderate” level. In the next slide,
we’re going to find the role of GI in air pollution mitigation.
Some scholars have pointed out that GI practices have potential to mitigate
pollution impacts by removing atmospheric particles. Please keep in mind
that GI is used to refer to green walls, bushes, hedges, parks and street trees
in this context. Although some studies link green infrastructure with healthbenefits such as reducing respiratory and cardiovascular diseases, mental
health disorders, etc., there are still lack of evidence of GI’s impact on theconcentrations of specific pollutants and how it is related to human health.
In the rest section of my presentation, you are going to see what are thecommon challenges to implement GI and what measures we recommend to
overcome these challenges.

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Presentations by the Y-E-S Awardees

In order to achieve effective implementation, it is necessary to be contextspecific and need to be in line with appropriate technology. In fact, wehave several challenges to successful GI and I would like to discusscommon challenges we found in implementation of GI in different urban
settings around the world. We need to be careful that GI performance andits benefits are context and site-specific. In that case, lack of contextspecific design standards can lead to undesirable results. Also lack of
capacity and resources especially of local municipal and lack of funding
resources are major hindrance. According to many studies, it is still unclear
how to estimate the costs and benefits and this makes GI financiallyunattractive for investors. In some countries, people are not easily
accessible to GI due to unequal distribution and poor integration ofregulatory bodies also remain as a key challenge.
Based on the challenges we learnt in the previous slide, I’d like to present
some recommendations to overcome barriers. For widespread adoption ofGI, the government agencies must develop policies, laws and regulations
and consequently, design guidelines that are tailored to local conditions andrespond to the needs of local people need to be considered in planning anddesign stage. Moreover, community participation needs to be encouraged toreduce unequal access to GI. And to promote investments in GI, the benefitsof GI interventions need to be presented in quantitative terms. Lastly, weneed to learn from other countries’ experience to develop GI designs thatcan be adapted to our specific regions.
Well, that brings to the end of my presentation and these are all the things
that I like to share with you about how we can benefit from green
infrastructure in promoting the sustainable urban society.
Thank you!

Q&A Session: Summary
Following the presentation a Q&A session was held. The
main discussed questions included:

Myanmar’s infrastructure is underdeveloped, so it is at
the early stage of developing policies and institutions to
execute green infrastructure projects. There are many
opportunities to develop green infrastructure in vacantareas, but also many ways of integrating green
technology with existing buildings and infrastructure,even in densely populated urban settings. To promote
investment in green infrastructure, Team Myanmar favors
a bottom-up approach, of raising awareness, getting
local feedback and encouraging cooperation between
private investors and communities, rather than a topdown approach of regulations and policy mandates.

• What kind of green infrastructure is used in Myanmar?
• How can green infrastructure help the alreadydeveloped and densely populated cities?

• What kinds of changes can developing countries
undertake to tip the scales in favor of promoting
investment in green infrastructure?
The answers for these questions have beensummarized below.

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Presentations by the Y-E-S Awardees

Cambodia

Mr. Song Vergenylundy 2012 Y-E-S Awardee
Ms. Cheapanhasith Pel 2018 Y-E-S Awardee

Renewable Energy Transition in Cambodia’s Electricity Sector
Hi, everyone! Representing a team of 2 from Cambodia, I will be presenting
our work under the title of Renewable Energy Transition in Cambodia’s
Electricity Sector as a part contributing to a sustainable future and a better
quality of life.

This presentation will be covering these important parts starting with somebackground information used for the research to the conclusion of what has
been achieved throughout the work with some recommendations.

Slide 3: Climate change has strongly been addressed and sustainable
development has been promoted since 2007, and a global framework to
avoid dangerous climate change by limiting the global temperature rise towell below 2°C have been set out during the Paris agreement in 2015. In
response to the threat of climate change, Cambodia has made a pledge toreduce its greenhouse gas emission on its development plans.

Until now, Cambodia has carried out GHG inventory only twice, back in 1994
and 2000. In these two studies, the scope covered merely three types ofgreenhouse gases and four sectors. As of 2000, the total estimated emissionof these GHG were around 2,700 Gg CO2 equivalent in the energy sector, anda deficit in CO2 removal of 456.81Gg CO2 eq was observed.

According to Intended Nationally Determined Contribution (INDC) report,
there would be an increase in GHG Emission to 25,000Gg CO2 eq in 2050
following a projected population of about 23 million under the baseline
scenario. Out of this predicted GHG emission from energy sectors, transport
is expected to hold the largest share.
According to Ministry of Economy and Finance in 2019, it is forecasted
that Cambodia is highly likely to experience more extreme weather events inthe coming years as a result of climate change. This will impact the GDP
growth to decrease from around 7% to roughly 6.5% from 2017 to 2050.

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Presentations by the Y-E-S Awardees

The objective of the research is to first determine future electricity demandand generation in Cambodia, and second is to establish a visionary scenario
in which all potential renewable energy sources are used to generate
electricity in Cambodia.
Now, let us look at some terminologies used in this research.
First, Renewable energy refers to energy that are naturally replenished on ahuman timescale including carbon neutral sources like sunlight.
Second, A Business as Usual or Baseline scenario is created by assumingthat everything would be operated as usual. The official GDP and population
would also be used in the simulation of this scenario. More importantly, nointervention of policy measure is allowed either to achieve sustainableenergy systems or to reduce GHG emission.
Whereas, Visionary Scenario is constructed under an assumption ofpenetrating all estimated potential installed capacity of domesticallyavailable renewable energy into the generation capacity, which means that
all fossil-fuel based power plants would be put into retirement by 2050.
Some assumptions also have been made as follows:
1. The projected demand is built on the fundamental assumption of power
demand growth rate of 14% rather than based on the demand growth rateof each consumer.
2. Due to insufficient amount of data to calculate planning reserve margin,
this study adopts the value of 20% which is taken from the presentation
on Energy Power Plant in Cambodia prepared by Ministry of Mine andEnergy in 2017.
3. Because of unavailability of recent data, this study uses the time slice ofwhole year with hourly details. This allows the construction of hourly peakload shape based on available data in the annual report of EDC in 2017.
4. According to MME (2016), these are the total potential installed capacity
sources of renewable energy available in Cambodia.
5. To achieve the objective, Leap software is used for this whole research study.
Before proceeding to the simulation, we should first get to know how theenergy situation is like. As of 2019, Cambodia still rested on imported
electricity from the neighboring countries for approximately a quarteramount of the total power. The generation capacity in 2019 was around
3300MW, which could deliver the total amount of electricity ofaround12000 GWh.

In terms of imported electricity, Vietnam sells the largest amount of power ofnearly three-fifths of the total power imported from neighboring countries,
followed by Thailand.

While approximately one-fourth of the total power was imported in 2019,the rest was domestically produced. The total domestic generation capacity
was recorded of around 2,700MW which could supply the total power ofaround 9000GWh, in 2019. Hydropower and coal power plants wereobserved to take up most of the overall production.

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Presentations by the Y-E-S Awardees

After inputting all the available data with some assumptions, we can get theresults based on the two scenarios. If we look at the left figure, the electricity
demand is projected to rise from about 10 thousand GWh in 2019 to around
600 thousand GWh in 2050, and household is predicted to share the largest
demand of electricity.
It is worth mentioning that the Visionary Scenario is constructed underthe Baseline Scenario so that the evaluation on the maximum penetration ofrenewable energy sources can be made in accordance with the BAU
demand. Thus, though both figures, (left and right) display different namesof scenarios, they still present the same values of electricity demand.
By following everything as planned in Power Development Plan report, thetotal amount of electricity generation in 2050 is projected to reach nearly
664 thousand GWh under Baseline Scenario. It should be noticed that by thatyear, existing coal plants and residual oil plants would all retire, thus
contributing no amount of electricity. Most of this generation comes fromthe installation of new coal plants with the estimated capacity of around 364
thousand GWh. With this generation capacity, not only would Cambodia beable to meet the electricity demand in 2050, but Cambodia would also beable to get rid of importing electricity from neighboring countries.
In line with the fundamental assumption made for the visionary scenariothat all potential renewable energy sources would be in complete use by
2050 and no single fossil-fuel based power plant would be operated. The
total generation under Visionary Scenario is merely 513 thousand GWh,
which would account only around 85% of the total demand in 2050.
However, it should also be noticed that fossil-fuel based power plants areallowed to share its generation capacity due to their contract, but they all
would have been retired by the year of 2050.
In this study, under the Baseline scenario, it is found out the projected GHG
emission would be up to slightly over 40 thousand GgCO2-eq in 2030 which
is more than three times the projected emission in Cambodia’s INDC
(Intended Nationally Determined Contribution) plan. Additionally, in 2050, it
would reach roughly 516 thousand GgCO2-eq which is strikingly higher thanthe value predicted in INDC.

Now, let us look at some researches that have been done in case of 4 othercountries.
According to (WWF World Wild life Fund for Nature Report, in 2016),
under Sustainable Energy Sector Scenario, Vietnam, Myanmar has thepotential of 100% renewables in the electricity mix by 2050 with solar as theenergy mix of around 43% and 46% respectively, while Laos could have atleast 97% of renewables in the electricity mix by 2050 with around 30% of
solar energy. And according a research done by the Green Werk in 2016, it ispossible for India that 100% of renewables in the electricity mix by 2050,
with around 30% of solar energy.

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Presentations by the Y-E-S Awardees

As a result, under the scenario of BAU, Cambodia will be able to ensure
electricity security while allowing no more room to continue importing
electricity from all neighboring countries by 2050. However, for visionary
scenario, the estimated generation capacity does not meet the demand as
the projected generation in 2050, specifically it only covers 85% of the
projected demand. Hopefully, there be more available renewable energy
sources to cover the other 15% of visionary scenario.
This gap is possible to be closed by calling for interventions in bothsides of management: supply and demand, where further scientific andengineering research can be performed to update the potential installedcapacity of existing renewable energy in the supply side. In terms of thedemand side, future studies can be centered around the integration of
improved energy efficiency in electricity consumption patterns or the
introduction of smart energy system, and there is also a special need for the
involvement of social science research to cope with consumers’ behaviors, sothat electricity demand and supply would be matched.
These are the references used for this research work.

This is the end of our presentation, and questions are welcomed. Thank youvery much.

Q&A Session: Summary
emissions and people have to find ways to switch torenewable energy whether they like it or not. Storage
systems such as batteries and hydro pumps are oneclass of solutions for intermittency, especially in remoteareas not served by the national grid. Hydro power isparticularly promising for Cambodia. Cambodia is
working on these solutions and is working toward net
zero. ADB and international private investors are
assisting with funding. Regarding the economics ofrenewable energy, capital cost is high, especially fordeveloping countries such as Cambodia. Government
support will be needed to attract investors. The
Electricity Authority of Cambodia has introduced thefeed-in-tariff for this purpose and investors are
expressing interest. Policies such as carbon credits orrenewable-energy portfolio standards would also be
helpful in the future.

Following the presentation a Q&A session was held. The
main discussed questions included:• Renewable energy is still unreliable. Can renewableenergy really replace the current energy sources?

• What kinds of solutions is the Cambodian government
pursuing to approach the problem of the economics ofrenewable energy?
• What kind of research investment is happening in
Cambodia to make renewable energy a reality?
The answers for these questions have been summarized
below.
Currently renewable energy suffers from poor
reliability, but solving the issues is only a matter of time
because countries everywhere are trying to offset

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Presentations by the Y-E-S Awardees

Vietnam

Mr. Le Yen Thanh 2011 Y-E-S Awardee
Mr. Nguyen Van Quang 2015 Y-E-S Awardee
Mr. Dinh Truong Giang 2017 Y-E-S Awardee

Integrating Sustainability into Urban Transportation in SEA
Hallo, everyone. This is a presentation from Vietnam PCM Team and it has
been nice to become the representative of Vietnam to send a message tothe forum.
Making existing cities and new urban development more ecologically
based is an urgent priority in the global push for sustainability. One of thebiggest and most important factor in Urban development process isTransportation Development. That is the reason why we decided to choose
the topic: integrating sustainability into urban transportation in SEA. Our
speech focus mainly on the Transportation Development, what we canlearn from Japan, which direction Vietnam have been already following andhow we can improve more.
Our presentation is divided into three parts: No. 1: Sustainability forTransportation, No. 2: Ideas of Sustainable Transportation from somecountries in Asia, No. 3: Transportation under COVID-19 Crisis and the lastone, No. 4: The Future of Transportation.

Now, I’ll get a move to part No. 1: Sustainability for Transportation.

First of all, we need to define what sustainable transportation is.
Sustainable transportation has been used for quite some time now, and it is
the means of transportation that is safe and has a low impact on theenvironment. Sustainable transportation is commonly referred to as ‘Green
Transportation’. Examples of sustainable transportation include walking,cycling, carpooling, and “green” vehicles.

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Presentations by the Y-E-S Awardees

What are the problems that we have to face from urban transportation?
Here, we can see four popular problems. No. 1: Traffic movement &congestion. Traffic congestion is one of the most serious problems in big
cities and it has made people’s lives more difficult. Thirty years ago, there
were fewer cars on the street and people did not suffer on traffic. Traffic
congestion is also causing significant damage to the national economic
development, reducing labor efficiency and increasing unnecessary costs,
especially investment into solutions for traffic congestion.
No. 2: Accidents. Traffic accidents are among the major causes ofmortality all over the world. This is an alarming issue as many people lose
their lives at a very young age due to motor vehicle accidents. There aremany causes of traffic accidents, but the main cause is still the awareness ofpeople in traffic, infrastructure and the public transport system.
No. 3: Environmental impact. The operation of motor vehicles is apolluting activity. While there are innumerable other activities which cause
environ¬mental pollution as a result of the tremendous increases in vehicle
ownership, society is only now beginning to appreciate the devastating
and dangerous consequences of motor vehicle usage. Pollution is not the
only issue.
No. 4: Parking difficulties. Many car drivers stuck in city traffic jams are
not actually trying to go anywhere: they are just looking for a place to park.
For them the parking problem is the urban transport problem: earning
enough to buy a car is one thing but being smart enough to find somewhereto park it is quite another.
That is the reason why we need to apply sustainable transportation into ourlives. Here, we can see seven benefits of sustainability into transportation:
Provides safer transportation, reduced traffic congestion, emits lesspollution, promotes community health, save energy, save money and also
create more jobs.

Now, we are going to move on to Part 2: Ideals of sustainable transportationfrom some countries in Asia.

No. 1: Carpooling in India. In my slide, you can see that a lot of brands provide
carpooling services in India, like uberPOOL, SRIDE, BlaBlaCar, carpool.
Indian cities are currently witnessing a trend of growing private
ownership (cars and two-wheelers) of vehicles and declining public andnon-motorised transport use. As per the Road Transport Year Book, 230
million vehicles are plying on Indian roads in 2016 out of which 86% ofvehicle share is of the private vehicles. These trends have implications on
India's energy consumption, energy security, pollution, congestion, healthand safety. That is the reason why people in this country are ready to use thisservice daily ,41% of population choose in 2019.

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Presentations by the Y-E-S Awardees

No. 2: Electrical Bus Project in Vietnam. This is a key project of Vietnam in the
coming years to reduce the impact of traditional vehicles on theenvironment and encourage a large number of people to use it. It is VINBUS.
We can see some impressive numbers at the official launch of VINBUS: morethan 250 buses, over 15 routes, 100 connections and 3 region services.

No. 3: Electric vehicles in Japan. In the line chart, we can see the significant
increase in the portion of next-generation vehicles sold in Japan. In 2008,
this figure stand at 2.6% and went up to over 36% in 2017. This figure ispredicted to keep increasing strongly in the feature.
This strong presence demonstrates Japan’s high quality in the fields oftechnology, industry and human resources. Globally, the market share forJapanese EVs is approximately 30%. Leveraging its strengths, Japan aims tofurther promote EVs produced by Japanese automakers to tackle global
climate change around the world.

Now, we will move on part 3: Transportation Under Covid-19 Crisis.

First of all, we need to see how Covid-19 pandemic impacts to the world,
especially to transportation. First, traveling via public transportation arelimited. Recreational and unnecessary travel is strongly discouraged. Workers
and employees are recommended to work remotely. Personal transportationand delivery services has been increasingly adopted.
No. 2: Traveling between countries are ceased or limited for only
emergency. International flights have been reduced, suspended, or canceled.
Limited diplomatic flights for emergency are allowed.
That leads to the travel restriction, negative impacts on transportationcompanies, especially aviation companies. In addition, threaten theeconomic activities of other sectors depending on transport. Tourism,supply-consumption chain, commercial and manufacturing activities areaffected by transportation services.
But on another hand, we can see some positive trends from Covid-19 crisis.
First, innovative forms of transport such as autonomous vehicles and drones,
for delivering goods to high-risk group, or transporting infected persons,etc., for delivering goods to high-risk group, or transporting infected
persons, etc. or for disinfecting, monitoring social distancing, assimilating
announcements
And preferable personal transport and delivery services to avoid
contacting with potential infectious sources and to adapt new-normal
lifestyle: working remotely.

60Presentations by the Y-E-S Awardees

Now, we will move on the last part of our presentation, No. 4: The Futureof Transportation. In this part we will learn about four future models ofurban transport.

No. 1: Smart Mobility. Smart mobility refers to using modes of transportation
alongside or even instead of owning a gasoline-powered vehicle.
Base on the industrial revolution 4.0, we have IoT, AI, BigData, so
enterprise can innovate many smart mobility solutions for co-operates like
Smart Logistics System, Smart Delivery System , VMS (Vehicle Manament
System)... , so that they can save cost, improve performance . Government
can have a better transportation design.
Look at the bar chart, we can see that logistics is one of the sector had
the significant increase from 10 to 40 billion dollars over a period from 2015
to 2020. It also indicates the importance of this sector in life.
No. 2: Mobility-as-a-Service (MaaS). Mobility as a service (MaaS) is a range ofdigital solutions designed to make transportation more efficient and simple.
MaaS aims to integrate all aspects of customer journeys into a single, userfriendly service or application. This includes trip planning, booking, ticketing,payment, and updates.
MaaS is the next stage in the evolution of transportation. MaaS is
already being implemented in many countries.
Look at my slide, we can see the very impressive number, 2.3 billion, it
comes from the total number of private car trips replaced with Maas trips
in 2023.
Mobility as a Service can provide numerous benefits, both totransportation authorities and to consumers. We believe that MaaS will be
developed in South East Asia countries in the future.
The next one is Electric Vehicles. We are stepping into the era of Electric
Vehicle. By 2022 elect vehicles will cost the same as their internalcombustion counterparts. And we are gonna have more than 400 mil electvehicles in 2040 (due to Bloomberg report).
This is a very big markets that all car companies are stepping into. In
Asia, the electric vehicle market size in 2023 is visioned up to 145 billion USD.
No. 4: Autonomous Vehicles. An autonomous car is a vehicle capable ofsensing its environment and operating without human involvement. A
human passenger is not required to take control of the vehicle at any time,nor is a human passenger required to be present in the vehicle at all. An
autonomous car can go anywhere a traditional car goes and do everythingthat an experienced human driver does.
The Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) currently defines 6 levels ofdriving automation ranging from Level 0 (fully manual) to Level 5 (fullyautonomous). These levels have been adopted by the U.S. Department ofTransportation.
The big brands in this fields that we can mention about include Honda,
Tesla, Toyota ...

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Presentations by the Y-E-S Awardees

That leads to the end of my presentation. Hopefully, you can see theproblems of transport that we are facing and some ideas in how to apply
sustainable transport into our life. After all, making existing cities and new
urban development more ecologically based is an urgent priority in the
global push for sustainability. Thank you so much for listening.

Q&A Session: Summary
Following the presentation a Q&A session was held. The
main discussed questions included:

The answers for these questions have beensummarized below.

• What are the best sustainable transportation systems

Regarding sustainable transportation systems fordeveloping countries, which require cheap, low-techsolutions, developing and encouraging use of public
transport is best. The preference for personaltransportation during the COVID-19 pandemic is abarrier for this approach. The only solution is to hope it
ends soon. Transportation is not the main cause of CO2
generation. For autonomous vehicles, the biggest
obstacle in developing countries is infrastructure.
Autonomous vehicle technology must be adapted to
local conditions, such as new cities and traffic conditions.
This is in contrast to developed countries, where legal
and regulatory frameworks are the bottleneck.

for developing countries, which have low financial
and technological requirements?
• Present preference of personal transport during the
pandemic can lead to a certain preference for
personal transportation? What can we do to provide
safe transportation to enable public transportation
usage during this pandemic?
• What are the biggest obstacles for autonomousvehicles that will prevent them from being a realistic
vision? Will autonomous vehicles be available by 2025
or 2030 realistic? What are the challenges?

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Presentations by the Y-E-S Awardees

Laos

Mr. Leego VANH 2009 Y-E-S Awardee
Ms. Khandala Khamphila 2009 Y-E-S Awardee

Future urban design for Eco-society Integrated Implementation
on Long-term Designing the Wetland for Eco-society Casestudy: That Luang Wetland, Vientiane Capital
Distinguished president of Honda Foundation, ladies and gentlemen. It isvery nice to see everyone for this Forum. I’m Leego VANH, on behalf of PCM
members from Lao Team on this presentation. Our topic is integrated
implementation of long-term design of wetlands for eco-society.

Future urban design for Eco-society
Integrated Implementation on Long-term Designing
the wetland for eco-society
Case study: That Luang Wetland, Vientiane CapitalPresented by:

Leego VANH
Khandala KHAMPHILA

For our research purpose, we would like to educate society about thebenefits of wetlands and the negative impacts to wetlands, and we alsoneed to know how governments are making efforts to resolve the relevant
issues in wetlands. This is the critical part of the beginning of thepresentation.

Actually, we try to understand, why does the government restore thewetlands? We have some main reasons for this. Because this place is wherelarge amounts of storm water and wastewater collects from residents in thecapital. Although there are many studies and projects about solutions for
wastewater management, those previous projects were not successful. So
the government would like to revitalize this area going forward forsustainable management.
As can be seen on the photo, there are many new projects that will happen
in Laos. In particular, you can see the That Luang Lake specific economic
zone, which is our case study for this presentation.

PROPOSAL OBJECTIVE• Educate the benefits of Wetland in terms of its contribution to citizens incapital city and negative impacts to wetland.

• Research the values of wetland ecosystem for what it’s capacity in flood
protection and wastewater management.

• Contribute country’s policy and strategy support on sustainable
development by turning the wetland to be Vientiane’s Showpiece

REASONS TO DEVELOP “ THAT LUANG WETLAND”
TO BE SUSTAINABLE CITYON ECONOMIC AND ENVIRONMENT.

• Ineffective systems to control flooding and manage wastewater.

• Previous projects of wastewater management in the area are no long use
and unsuccessful development.

• Require innovation in turning the wetland toward sustainable management,
eco-society and smart city.

• That Luang wetland is one of the government’s priority aera to develop for
specific economic area in future.

Future Urban Development Projects in Laos

The case study

I will explain its background in short. A few decades ago, this place was alarge rice field, but the area was affected by flooding every year. After that,people abandoned it to aquaculture ponds and grassland and some areas
are filled by new construction such as houses, restaurants and factories.

BACKGROUND OF THAT LUANG WETLAND• That Luang marsh is the largest remaining wetland in
Vientiane, Laos. The marsh itself is covered 20 square km
and is part of the That Luang Basin collecting water thatdrains from Vientiane City and surrounding areas.

• In period time, a large portion of the wetland has been
converted to rice cultivation although changes in water

regimes have resulted in annual floods and cultivation has
been limited to between 700 – 1000 ha(roughly half of thewetland area) in recent years. The remaining area is covered
with permanent and seasonal aquaculture ponds, andgrassland, and peatland.

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Presentations by the Y-E-S Awardees

As shown on the map, we can see that the That Luang Wetland is thebiggest wetland in the capital city. On the map, water is released frommini-wetlands and then flow into the That Luang area. After that the waterruns in canals down to the Mekong River.

The wetland confronts a serious situation. It is degraded continuously with
important issues such as wastewater and solid waste from urbanization
around the wetland. There is no efficient management plan for a solution
and some industrial pollutants also drain into this area.

Wetlands in Vientiane

Issues and Constraints in the Wetland•

This wetland is continues degraded forevery day from the problems of largest

wastewater and solid waste from newurbanization

nearbybecauseofincreasing of many new housing fromresidents who live nearby the wetland.

• There is no effective management forthis area for along time.

• The marsh is suffered from a pollution
from chemical and industrial pollutants

that are now draining into it.

This is an EU project conducted in 2009. We can see that a water dam andbar screen are built to trap solid waste. This invention looked very helpful inthe short term but it was not effective as a long term solution, especially for
the That Luang Wetland, because of rapid urbanization and too muchwaste to control.

• Increased urbanization and poor planning of new
development

have

increased

urban

Eu’s Projectdrainage

problems.

• Flooding cover over areas and causes damage tobuildings and roads and interrupts transportation.

• The completion of the EU’s project, ‘Wastewater
management of That Luang Marsh’ the stabilization
ponds built as part of the project have gone unused
for wastewater treatment and are now being managed
as aquaculture ponds.

• The sewage waste treatment plant built by the ADB
was smaller than originally planned and was notproperly maintained.

After completion of EU’s project in 2009, this project made a wetland for
wastewater treatment. After that many people tried to fill this wetland andthis area was filled up with people from surrounding areas. The
government made strong efforts to address this problem and has tried tocontrol it for many years but was not successful.

The assessment includes problems and solutions. Indeed, there are morecriteria for assessment. However, I only show some relevant factors thatmatch wetlands management.

EU’s Project

BeforeAfterStrategic Environmental Assessment (SEA)• Analyze the method of solution process for reducing the negative impact on That
Luang Marsh and Mekong River.

• Discuss how flooding in Vientiane could be controlled by effective drainage system.
• Research the general environmental impact caused by human activity in Vientiane.
• Analyze how sustainable environmental and socioeconomical development could bepromoted for this region.

• Make balance of flood control and wastewater treatment objectives.

The graph shows the runoff pattern between time and flow. We can see
that, if there is more urban expansion in wetlands area, the water will runoff
alongside with it. This leads to risk of flood. This is an important point, as
government has to provide balance to control flooding and wastewater
management to preserve the wetlands area.

These are the goals of wetlands management in our research. We can seethat the government is trying to renovate the wetlands and manage itproperly in terms of environmental protection, wastewater management
and also to make partnerships to develop the wetlands for Eco-society andsmart life.

GOALS OF FUTURE URBAN PLANNING IN THATLUANG WETLAND• Better environmental protection for urban planning.
• Better use of wetland functions for efficient domestic and industrial
wastewater treatment by using best practice guidance and finding

innovative solutions.

• Contribution to maintain stakeholder’s livelihoods by goodmanagement of wetland resources.

• Changing the That Luang marsh to be developed as one of the mostlivable and sustainable cities in the region.

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Presentations by the Y-E-S Awardees

As can be seen on the left, the wetland is nearly gone because of the great
deal of housing in area and when we compare on the right side we see the
new transformation that is clearing off surrounding residential areas.
However, the GOV and the Project have to provide compensation to thelandowners in the project area.

This is China Investment project. There are many beneficial effects in thearea. This will be a center of economic and tourism attractions. Thisdevelopment will not disturb the wetlands and will be well-preserved. Lotsof modern infrastructure and facilities will be built in the near future.

Wetland Renovation

CURRENT INVESTMENT
PROJECTS IN WETLAND
1. Embassy Cultural Area.
2. Financial and Business Area.
3. Intensive Residential Area.
4. Low-rise Residential Area
5. Tourist and Leisure Area
6. Golf Course.

These are some finished projects such as condominium, big canals, and the
public park. There is still more construction to complete by 2040. What we
can see is the presence of a large drainage system. The water is refreshedand the landscape is improved.

PROGRESS CONSTRUCTION AROUND THE
WETLAND (2021)

This is a current process and it is a beautiful view. To see this new landscapeis to see the future of modernization in the capital city.

Actually, not much construction is finished , but it is pleasant to visit.
People can do many activities there, such as fishing, exercising, and having
a cup of coffee from food stands.

Current Visual Life

In my opinion, the degree of preservation of wetlands depends on acountry’s condition. So we have some examples of preserved wetlands inthe following countries. Firstly, in Laos we have the That Luang Wetland.
This place is preserved for flood regulation, wastewater management,
tourism and economic development.

This wetland is a nature park, and it is pleasant place to visit. The Korean
government succeeded in renovation of this wetland by constructing
facilities inside. There are long bridges passing through the wetlands where
people can take photos of the landscape, and there is a river pass into the
middle of wetlands.

65

Benefit from Wetlands Restoration for Urban Resilience Highlights from our workwith some example by countries below.
• Water supply
That Luang Wetland, Laos

• Flood regulation• Wastewater treatment• Habitat for biodiversity• Agriculture and aquaculture• Tourism• Flood regulation• Wastewater treatment• Tourism• Economic

Suncheon Bay Nature Reserve• Tourism• Recreation and leisure• Recreation and leisure• Education• Culture and heritage• Research• Human wellbeing

Presentations by the Y-E-S Awardees

Another wetland is the Mai Po wetland. This is a nature-preserve wetland
located in Long District, Hong Kong. Many tourists visit every year. Birds are
the signature; around 55,000 birds migrate to this place. However, atpresent, the population of these species has apparently fallen to 21,000.
The main impact is degradation of their habitat. This is the reason that theHong Kong government needs to preserve this wetland and protect thebird species.
This is our final example. It is in Japan. I will talk about “Stork Friendly
Farming.” This area can show how Japan can handle negative effects frommodern agriculture in the wetlands. Over the last 30 years, modern farming
has interfered at this paddy field; this led to a decline in numbers of thewhite stork. The white stork is a large bird in the stork family. In its
management plan, the Japanese government needs to revitalize thewetlands to promote eco-farming as they renovate wetlands. They knowthat the water is a major eco-system that is a habitat and food source forbirds, and in the end they could sustain the white stork population again.
Finally, I would like to say thank you for your kind attention. I hopeeveryone in the audience will comprehend the idea of this research. Now
we have five minutes for Q & A so if you have any questions, please feel free
to ask. I will answer if I can, and if I cannot I will try to answer later by e-mailPlease just leave your email address in the chat box. Thanks you very much.
Arigato gozaimashita.

MAI PO NATURE RESERVE AREA

• Habitat for biodiversity• Tourism

Chinese black-headed gull•

Habitat for biodiversity•

Agriculture and aquaculture•

Tourism•

Recreation and leisure•

Education

Thank YouFor Your Attention

Q&A Session: Summary
plans follow the Lao government’s plan, which is in linewith green and sustainable growth. Drainage systems
follow international standards for SEZs, which in Laos
focus on vitalizing wetlands while attracting electronics
and research industries.
Regarding wetland encroachment, development
is fine if measures such as flood control, base watermeasurement and cost-effective investment are
conducted. Wetland preservation is useful for tourism
and for flood control, contributing to sustainableurbanization. This provides a model for sustainable
development in developing countries. Indigenousdevelopment of technology is important forsustainable development.

Following the presentation a Q&A session was held. The
main discussed questions included:• What kinds of scientific and technical innovations can
we use to enhance drainage systems?

• What sort of technological or regulatory challenges
are there to ensure that these wetlands can bepreserved?
The answers for these questions have beensummarized below.
Regarding scientific and technical innovations that canbe used to enhance drainage systems, in Laos these66

Presentations by the Y-E-S Awardees

India

Ms. Bindu Sancheti 2017 Y-E-S Awardee
Mr. Aniket Kamthe 2017 Y-E-S Awardee
Mr. Satyam Mohla 2017 Y-E-S Awardee

Data Driven Approach of Future Urban Designfor Eco-society
Hello everyone. This is Bindu Sancheti from team India and today we arepresenting in the Honda YES forum 2021.
The theme for India is Data-Driven Approach of Future Urban Design for
Eco-society and we are aligned towards the broader theme of moving
toward better sustainability and quality of life.
In our team, we have Aniket Kamthe who is a panelist and a YES
awardee from 2017. Me, who is presenting the presentation and also anawardee in 2017 and also Satyam Mohala who is also a panelist andawardee from 2017.
Here you can take a broader look at how our team composition looks like.
Aniket is working in the management consulting space, I am working as asocial consultant at Dalberg and Satyam is working in the Honda
Innovation lab using computer vision and AI for Social good.

Honda Y-E-S Forum 2021 Online

Data Driven Approach of
Future Urban Design for Eco-society(Towards Sustainability & Quality of life)

TEAM INDIA

ANIKET KAMTHE

Panelist, Awardee 2017

BINDU SANCHETI
Presenter, Awardee 2017

SATYAM MOHLA
Panelist, Awardee 2017

Honda Y-E-S Forum 2021 Online
Aniket has graduated from Indian Institute of Technology, Madras with a double major in mechanicalengineering and robotics . He has gained experience in management consulting and enterprisesoftware space at Bain & Company
ANIKET KAMTHE

Bindu has graduated from Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur with a major in Chemical
Engineering & a minor in Economics. She has gained experience in management and social
consulting at Dalberg.
BINDU SANCHETI
Satyam Mohla is imagining Digital Transformation & Data Strategy (CASE/MaaS) aroundautonomous vehicles of tomorrow at Honda Innovation Tokyo. He recently graduated with
Bachelors-Masters in Electrical Engineering from IIT Bombay, where his research explored Computer
Vision, AI for Social Good, AI in Policy & Ethics.
SATYAM MOHLA

If I talk about the broader segmentation of the presentation, it is divided
into three major buckets. The first is the context section where we talkabout why data should be used in the context of urban design, second is
the deep dive where we look at various sectors in which data can be used
and third is the conclusion where we talk about the risk and mitigations
which we will be needed if we are going to follow this particular approachof using data to enhance urban design.

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Honda Y-E-S Forum 2021 Online

Context
Deep dives
Conclusion

Honda Y-E-S Forum 2021 Online

Urban Design

Eco-Society

Urban design is the design of towns and cities, streets and spaces. It is the collaborative andmulti-disciplinary process of shaping the physical setting for life in cities, towns and villages;
the art of making places; design in an urban context.

An eco-society is one that has learned to live within the boundaries established byecological limits. It can be maintained as a collective and ongoing entity because practices
that imposed excessive burdens upon the environment have been reformed or abolished.

In order to establish an eco-society, the world must incorporate sustainable changes across various
aspects of the urban design. These sustainable solutions can be attained and expedited using data
driven approaches.
4

INTRODUCTION

So, lets first deep dive into the context section and then we can look at othersections respectively. So there are three questions which we need to answer–• What is urban design?
• How can be urban design integrated into eco-society?
• What are the various techniques to use and how data can be used to getsustainable urban design?
Talking about what is urban design, Urban design is the design oftowns and cities, streets and spaces. It is the collaborative and multidisciplinary process of shaping the physical setting for life in cities, towns
and villages etc.

2

Presentations by the Y-E-S Awardees

On the other hand, if you talk about eco-society, An eco-society is one
that has learned to live within the boundaries established by ecologicallimits. It’s a symbiotic relation between humans and the environment welive in and that is realized through eco society. In order to establish an
eco-society, the world must incorporate sustainable changes andapproaches of the urban design. That can be attained by data-driven
methods that will be explained in further slides.

Asia…and Y-E-S countries are no exceptions to this
rapid urbanization trend in the Asian region
Annual Percentage of Population at Mid-Year
Residing in Urban Areas

DESIGN?

75.0
60.0
45.0

Percentage

AfricaEurope
LAC

30.0
15.0

N. America
2000
2030

Oceania

0.0
Lao People's Democratic Republic
India

Vietnam

MyanmarCambodia5

Honda Y-E-S Forum 2021 Online

Lower tech adoption

The local and central governments are notequipped to deal with such densely populatedareas; lack of proper city planning

Cheap labor costs inhibit tech adoption; tech
literacy and smart -phone penetration is low

Gaps in basic infrastructure

Huge opportunity and solution cost

Insufficient electricity production & network
coverage; underdeveloped road systems; lack ofadequate, water treatment and sewage facilities

Lower per-capita income & significant subsidies forbasic needs without clear ROI roadmap orreasonable cost of deployment

Lack of reliable internet

Lack awareness and knowledge

2G/3G network coverage is limited; average data
speed low when compared to developed countries

Inadequate knowledge and education systems inplace for urban planning to ensure quality of life

DESIGN?

Poor governance and misaligned policies

URBAN

Six mutually reinforcing drivers make the current cities incapable ofhandling these rapid urbanization trends

WHY

68

More than 60% of the increase in the world’s
urban population over the next three
decades will occur in Asia…

URBAN

As we have already talked about Asian countries have faced rapid
urbanization and it is inevitable for PCM countries. Let’s also talk about
drivers that make the current cities incapable of handling these rapid
urbanization trends.
The first one we should look at is Poor governance and misaligned
policies in terms of the policy making which is done by the local andcentral government. They are not equipped to deal with such densely
populated areas and lack of proper city planning is a problem.
Second is the gaps in basic infrastructure, for example, if mass
population is moving from rural to urban areas - they will require facilities
like electricity, road systems and so on and that is not available in city areas
currently which is a huge problem.
The third is the lack of reliable internet because now we are moving
digital ecosystem where everyone wants to be connected but since theurban infrastructure is not able to handle such a high population will create
issues in terms of internet connectivity.
We should also focus on lower-tech adoption. Many of these countries
are not very developed and enhanced and educated which is a problem fortechnology adoption and use of smartphones.
Additionally, there is another challenge of huge opportunity andsolution cost, these countries are low per capita income countries and needsignificant subsidies to even provide basic needs. We can’t deploy smart
systems and smart technologies very easily without considering the cost
involved in this.
Lastly, it is important to acknowledge that people in these countries
lack awareness and knowledge about what urban planning is and how it
can be efficiently implemented. So, hence, these issues have created a huge
driver in making these countries and cities incapable of handling the rapid
urbanization trends.

Honda Y-E-S Forum 2021 Online

Asia’s urbanization is increasing rapidly as people migrate in searchof opportunities

WHY

Talking about why urban design is important in the context of Asia, as you
can see on the left hand of this slide, in terms of urbanization, More than
60% of the increase in the world’s urban population over the next three
decades will occur in Asia and that particular number is alarming given that
other continents are not facing such rapid urbanization. Hence it isimportant to understand the various challenges with urbanization and how
to solve them. Moreover, let’s talk about the PCM countries as they are thefocus of this presentation. As you can see, Y-E-S countries are no exception
to this rapid trend. By 2050, most of the PCM countries will also be facing
the same issue. If you look at India specifically, in 2019 the % of the
population which resided in urban areas was 34.5% which increases to 52%
in 2050.

Presentations by the Y-E-S Awardees

TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT
Vietnam: Among countries with lowest air quality index EPI score: 46.96 (rank 132/180) in 2018
ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
Cambodia: Loss of Biodiversity and increase risk of flood and other natural calamities in urban
areas
SOCIAL ACTIVITIES AND RECREATION
India: Higher prevalence of mental disorders(depression & neurotic disorders) in urban area i.e.,
80.6%, whereas 48.9% in rural area
RESOURCE MOBILIZATION & UTILIZATION
Myanmar: Increase of Economic and Social Inequality in urban areas

Honda Y-E-S Forum 2021 Online

Data-driven insights can help us mobilize collective intelligence tocraft the smart, equitable and sustainable cities of the future
Use of data

Example areas

Planning

Data driven
Insights for urban
design2

Financing

Measuring,
Evaluation andLearning

2
3

3

Greening cities: maintaining urban
biodiversity and ecosystem throughsustainable interventions•

AI tools to assess green spaces atthe level of individual
neighbourhoods

Transit oriented development (TOD):
integrated urban places designed tobring people, activities, buildings,
and public space together•

Interactive data visualization tools
to shape local TOD rules andregulations

Leveraging local and central level
financing tools to maximize impact
across sectors•

Digital ecosystem mapping togauge public sentiments and makerelevant financing decisions

Enhancing public private
partnerships in the sustainableurban design•

Impact assessment tools to drive
private investments in the urban
designCity-level sustainability
benchmarking to ensure bestpractices•

Comparative analysis of theinvestments and impacts of relevant
cities for learning

Forward leaning approach of
integrating learnings into the urban
design strategy•

Iterative strategy of utilizing thelearnings from evaluation of current
practices to better policy

DATA

1

1

POWER OF

Honda Y-E-S Forum 2021 Online

Data can be collected from various sources and further analyzed
using frameworks like GIS to gain critical insights
Government Records
Open Government Data Platform, a single-point accessto datasets, documents, tools, etc.

Social Media, Transportation Network, Blogs
Movement by Uber supports urban planning and policy
making through anonymized data from millions of trips(launched in 4 Indian cities)

Personal Sensors Data by Individual Volunteers
Real time sensors to monitor urban services
Smartphone users in India is expected to reach 1.1
billion by 2024

DATA

RFID and Video Camera Surveillances
Pedestrian and vehicle movements patterns can beanalyzed

POWER OF69

DESIGN?

Since, we have already talked about data to create urban and smart cities, let’stalk about where we get the data from. It is a very important question to knowhow data can be harnessed because the first step of harnessing the data for
the insights is to understand where we source it from. It can be sourced fromvarious places (i) RFID and video camera surveillances which are common incities (ii) government records: for example, there can be various open
government data platforms or single point access to datasets, (iii) Using big
data through social media, transportation networks and blogs and lastly (iv)personal sensors data by individual volunteers. Once we have gathered thedata from all data sources, it is very important to analyze that and in order toanalyze the data in a proper way we can use frameworks like the GIS
framework which can help us to gain critical insights in terms of review andanalysis of the plans and development, checking of compliance, etc.

URBAN PLANNING AND MANAGEMENT
Laos: Rapid urbanization has created problems of infrastructure, green open space, living spaces.

URBAN

Given that we have already realized that rapid urbanization is a hugeproblem in PCM countries and Asia as a whole and we are not wellequipped to handle the urban load, let’s investigate how data can comeinto play and how data can be used as the new oil for leveraging theinsights that we have in order to craft smart and equitable cities of the
future. If I talk about the entire sustainability and urban design paradigm,
we can divide it into three main sectors (i) planning: how do we plan cities
better using data, (ii) financing: how do we finance cities better using thedata driven insights and (iii) measuring, evaluation, and learning aspects
where we use these insights to evaluate what we have done and hence,learn from them to create better societies. We will be focusing mainly on
the planning section here given that it is the first step to realize the dreamof sustainable cities. Once we have investigated planning, we can look at
financing and MEL processes. So, if we talk about planning, we havepresented various examples where planning data can be harnessed. I
would like to walk through a few examples in the planning segment. For
example, in greening cities, AI tools can be very useful where we can utilize
them to assess green spaces at the level of individual neighborhoods andthen it will be used to create plans and policies to green cities. Secondly, I
would like to highlight TOD which is used to create integrated urban places
designed to people, activities, etc. together. Here, we can use interactive
data visualization tools to shape local rules and regulations and hence,
incorporate these insights into the broader urban design ecosystem.

Honda Y-E-S Forum 2021 Online

These drivers lead to critical threats impacting urban design acrossAsian countries

WHY

Since we have discussed the drivers which are creating problems, let’s also
talk about the problems at hand and the problems we are facing currently.
For example, if you talk about urban planning and management, Laosis facing a huge problem of infrastructure, green open space, living spaces.
Secondly, if we look at traffic management, Vietnam is struggling withissues like low air quality index where there is ranked 132 out of 180.
Additionally, environmental management is also one particular area
where we are not doing well, for example, Cambodia is facing issues likeincreasing loss of bio-diversity and risk of flood due to rapid urbanization.
If we talk about India, we have seen a higher prevalence of mental
disorders in urban areas because of the lack of social settings and activities
which can handle the urban load.
And lastly, if we talk about resource mobilization and utilization, we
have seen that Myanmar is facing increase the economic and social
disparity in urban areas due to improper allocation and mobilization of theresources in the cities.

Geographic Information Systems (GIS):• Review and analysis of plans for development,• Checks on regulatory compliance,• Review of environmental impact,• Preservation of historic sites,• Regional planning beyond the borders of a city or town,• Mapping the delivery of utilities and planning for service interruptions.
9Presentations by the Y-E-S Awardees

Here, we are taking an optimistic approach and talking about cities which
are already harnessing data to create insights. For, example, if we talk about
Songdo city, they are using fully connected devices to equip themselves asa smart city. Also, LA where they are smarting the streetlights using various
technologies.

Honda Y-E-S Forum 2021 Online
SPOTLIGHT

Songdo City, South Korea• Fully connected city; devices equipped with wireless sensors/ microchips• Houses equipped with sensors, also known as domotica• Traffic measured via RFID tags on cars
• Public transportation completely wired, and all locations are always known• Climate, energy consumption, leisure activities or water consumption
monitored by data
• Smart energy grid ensures that just sufficient energy available everywhere,
not wasting any energy by intelligently matching supply and demand• Data is collected, analysed and monitored in real-time by the central
monitoring hub
Los Angeles Street Lights• Connects all the streetlights using the City Touch connector node
• Device to reduce maintenance costs by around 20 percent, by automaticallyreporting faults• System uses map-based visualizations, charts and diagrams to show that theenergy is being used by certain lights or groups of lights and what theirremaining lifespans are• The new system was selected over several other piloted solutions which will
be done in phases
10

Since we have understood the context and the need of data for urban
design, let’s deep dive into various sectors.

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Context
Deep dives
Conclusion

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Low feasibility / low impact

High feasibility / low impact

Moving Forward

ImpactHigh impact / high feasibility

Green spaceplanning

SECTORSHigh impact / low feasibility

Current solutions

Data-driven approach can drive solutions across various sectors ofurban design, we have deep-dived into four major ones

DATA

Since there are various sectors where data driven approach can be used, we
have created a prioritization matrix and used those to boil down into four
sectors specifically.

Energy Management

Waste Management

Mobility

Feasibility

Using a prioritization matrix for maximizing impact and feasibility, we have identified these fourhigh potential sectors in the urban design for the usage of data to attain eco-society.

Here, we talk about an example of India where green space planning isdone using data. We can use satellite imaging to analyze the green spaces
and hence use that particular dataset to inform our decisions better.

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DATA

Green Space Planning using data
Spotlight: India••
An infographic about utilising satellite data
to analyse green space in Mumbai

This work is done by Satyam San, a PCM in India, where he has used AI andsatellite data to manage forest cover in Amazon rainforests.

Data from Satellite imaging is now being used to analyse green
spaces and track changes due to urbanisation.
Although this has been done through surveys in the past andthrough assistance of experts, new methods utilise remote sensing
and computer vision
In a recent study, these ideas were used to map neighbourhood
level changes in the green cover, especially in SG National Parksituated in Mumbai.

PLANNING•

GREEN SPACE

A news article talking
about loss of green
space

13

Honda Y-E-S Forum 2021 Online
DATA

Green Space Planning using data
Spotlight: India

PLANNING

Evidence-driven governance structures• Similar work in other cities, using similar data can provide insights with minimal costs• Help understand what policies and economic incentives have helped increase green
cover.

GREEN SPACE

Similar methods have been
proposed in a recent work* bySatyam et al. (PCM India),utilising AI & satellite data to
manage forest cover in Amazon
Rainforests.

*Multimodal Noisy Segmentation based fragmented burn scars identification in Amazon Rainforests, Mohla et. al., IEEE SMC 2020 &14
Harvard CRCS AI for Social Good Workshop, 2020

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Power grids are using data insights to get smarter and efficientacross the power lifecycle•••

Generator planning
Optimization
Economic load
dispatch
Power Generation
15
Efficiency
Renewable Energy
Planning andmanagement

•
•
•
•
•

Power Grid Planning
Grid Loss
Optimization
Fault Detection
Outage Detection
Asset Management

•
•
•
•
•

Real Time Sensing
Voltage
Optimization
Transformer Healthmanagement
Asset Management
Outage Detection
and restoration

ENERGY MANAGEMENT•POWER DISTRIBUTION

POWER TRANSMISSION

POWER GENERATIONDATA

Next, we will talk about how we will use data for energy management.
Energy management can either be power generation, power transmission,
power distribution or demand side management and here we havehighlighted examples of demand side systems specifically.

DEMAND SIDE MANAGEMENT

•
•
•
•
•
•
•

Demand Response
Load Forecasting
Dynamic Pricing
Real time
Interaction
Revenue Protection
Load Classification
Customer
Segmentation

15

Honda Y-E-S Forum 2021 Online

Sumitomo Mitsui Banking Corporation Building
Buildings with Central monitoringand BEMS systems in Tokyo

Data Analytics are now actively used to ensure
energy usage at maximum efficiency.

70• Utilising weather data, energy usage data tounderstand trends and behaviours toautomatically regulate energy usage.
• Unexpected heavy usage can be detected easily
as an anomaly, due to shorting or faulty
equipment. Data is not just used to control orunderstand trends but to identify faults andanomaly usage.
16

ENERGY MANAGEMENT

Muromachi Higashi Mitsui Building

Energy Management in green buildings
Spotlight: Japan• Many stakeholders are today utilising data to do
active energy management (AEM) in manybuildings.

DATA

As you can see, energy management is being used in green buildings inJapan where they have analyzed weather data, energy usage data tounderstand trends and behaviors in energy usage.

Presentations by the Y-E-S Awardees

Honda Y-E-S Forum 2021 Online
Asian countries have seen a rapid growth in urban mobility in the last two
decades, observed across several parameters like vehicles owned, commute length

Increased private
vehiclesNumber of vehicles own per 1000 population has
grown across all countries including Cambodia,
Laos, India, Myanmar and Vietnam• Number of vehicles owned per 1000
population has increased across all Asian
countries

MOBILITY

There has been an increase in the number ofprivate vehicles, public commuters and commute
lengths (and time)

DATA

Talking about mobility, as you can see Asian countries have seen rapid
growth in urban mobility in the last two decades and we have seen
increased private vehicles, higher and longer commutes, and overall bad
state of public transport. Hence, we need to understand how data can beused for creating avenues of better mobility.

With larger, expanding cities and moreaccess for commute, the average commuteis getting longer in time and distanceHigher and longer
Commutes•

State of Public
Transport• The share of commuters using public
transport in some countries have been on adecline–

The average commute time increased by ~7-10%
across all major cities in the India–

India, public transport accounts for only 18% of thework commutes

Source: https://paultan.org/2019/09/26/asean-vehicle-to-population-list-the-correct-facts/, https://www.intelligenttransport.com/transport-articles/21458/city-public-transportation-india/ ,:Honda Y-E-S Forum 2021 Online
Rapid growth of urban mobility has led to rise of several issues like traffic
congestions, public transport crowding, parking management and pollution

DATA

Traffic movement andcongestion

Public transport routes
and off-peak inadequacy

Issues with parking andpedestrians

Impact on environment
and noise pollution• Rising traffic jams in Asian
countries are costing time
as well as money• Public transport struggles
with several problem
including –• Parking management
suffers in south Asian
countries suffers because of• Traffic noise is the mostsignificant source of noise incities– Customer Experience– Lower reach– Off peak inadequacy

74% percent of road traffic
accidents in the world take place in
low-income countries– Informal parking market– Lack of parking signs– Ineffective parking policies– Off-street parking

MOBILITY

Rapid growth of urban mobility has created various issues like traffic
congestion, public transportation crowding, parking management andeven environmental and noise pollution.

Road traffic contributes to ~79% of
all traffic related noise pollution

Source: https://paultan.org/2019/09/26/asean-vehicle-to-population-list-the-correct-facts/

Honda Y-E-S Forum 2021 Online
Data collection in mobility solutions has led to innovative ideas to tackle andsolution issues for a sustainable urban mobility solution

AVL based
technology for
Public transit• Track the location of buses and trains andpassenger counting systems, used to record
the number of passengers

Movement Data
from IOT devices• Using mass data by analyzing the anonymousand aggregated mobile data from phones

Smart Traffic
Decision Support• Cameras used to immediately detect incidents
and continuously collect real-time traffic data.

• IOT based solutions to collect all real timetraffic data from sensors• Prediction of traffic trends based on realistic
simulations and models

Data based
Parking
Management• Real time IOT devices to track empty andoccupied parking spots to update central
systems

Camera andsurveillance

Data based Solution for sustainable urban traffic
management, commute in public transit, parking
management and autonomous vehicles

Analytics todetermine trips forbetter commute
times

MOBILITY

Data Sources include anonymous device
tracking, Traffic video data, AVL systems and IOT
devices

DATA

Hence, we can use data from various sources like AVL based tech for public
transit, movement data from IOT devices, and camera and surveillance tocreate data driven solutions.

• Data Analytics used to identify causes ofcongestion• City planning based on data to find parking
spots more preferred by drivers• Analytics to evaluate reasons for longcommute, and end points to suggest better
alternatives• Suggestions based on largest first and last
miles along with gaps

Source: https://iiot-world.com/smart-cities-buildings-infrastructure/smart-cities/two-main-urban-problems-that-iot-and-ai-can-solve/

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Autonomous Vehicles could be a potential solution to a large number of issues
with urban mobility today!

Feet off
PartialHighly AutomatedTake over as soon as there is alert

Take over with lead time

Monitoring

RequiredBrain OffNot Required

Fully AutomatedNot Required
Not Required

Road

City

City and Highway

City and Highway

Speed Limit<50 Kmph>90 Kmph

As per legal limits

Could potentially solve ….

Cost

Expected by 2022
commercially available

Expected by 2025
commercially available

However, it still has some challenges

Management

Time

Efficiency &capacity

MOBILITY

Hands Off

Automation
Input Needed

DATA

Here, we have talked specially about the promise of autonomous vehicles
to solve for the urban mobility issue.

SafetyExpected by 2027-30
commercially available

Acceptability

Legal

Source: https://paultan.org/2019/09/26/asean-vehicle-to-population-list-the-correct-facts/

Honda Y-E-S Forum 2021 Online
Growth of Urban population in Asia has been accompanied with rise waste
management in urban areas

Sustainable waste management could lead tohealth as well as environmental

A big chunk of population does not have accessto waste collection mechanism in urban areas% of population in the region

Waste segregation majorly implemented inhigh income countries like South Korea,
Japan and Singapore

WASTE• Burning trash can cause long-term healthproblems due to toxic chemicals released
during burning

Impact on
healthEnvironmental
ImpactMANAGEMENT• Polluted chemicals end up in the bodies
of animals which are then harvested andconsumed by humans• Landfills are end up polluting surrounding
water and soil resources• Open burning of waste leads to massive
emission of green house gases
open landfills were
found to represent 91% • Impact of wildlife ecosystem across land
and waterof all landfill methane– Animals cannot distinguish between food andemissions
trash

DATA

Lastly, we talk about how data can be used for waste management. We
already know that improper waste management can create various issues
and hence, it is very important to create proper waste management issues.

Majority of the waste is disposed in landfill driven by inexpensive and simpler
nature of waste disposal mechanism(17 out of the 50 largest landfill sites in the world are in Asia [Waste Atlas 2014])

Source: World bank 2018 Report

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EcoDabba: a sustainable food packaging startup by PCM Bindu to reduce use ofplastics
Globalin food delivery applications

DATA

Sugarcane waste/Bagasse
Recognition

EcoDabba for foodpackaging

Sugar

MANAGEMENT

Sugar Mill/ Pulping& Processing

WASTE

This is a startup by me, EcoDabba, where we replace plastics withsustainable containers so that they don’t create waste. EcoDabbas can beused for food delivery needs of various population.

Home compost/
recycle/ thrown
after use

Nutrientrich soil

Growing Crops

EcoDabba’s presence
Our facilitators

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Currently harmful methods like open dumping and open burning are used innumerous nations in SE Asia; there are 4 key steps in waste separation plan

Incineration

Lao PDR
Malaysia

Open
dumpingOpenburning

Key steps in developing waste separation plan indeveloping cities
Step 1: Administrative Preparation
1.1 Secure the commitment of political leaders
1.2 Establish a task force to design a waste separation planfor the city
Step 2: Planning a Municipal Waste Separation Plan
2.1 Assess the current situation
2.2 Formulate a waste separation plan

MyanmarPhilippines
Singapore
Thailand
Vietnam
India
Source: UN and ADB report on waste management

71

Step 3: Pilot Implementation
3.1 Identify a champion community and/or area
3.2 Develop awareness and communication campaigns
3.3 Implement and monitor
Step 4: Review and Upscaling
4.1 Data collection, review, and improvement

MANAGEMENT

Indonesia

Sanitary
Landfills

WASTE

Composting

Cambodia

Data used hand in hand in all steps

Type of treatment for garbage in Southeast Asia
countries
CountryDATA

On the LHS, we talk about the various issues faced by Southeast Asian
countries and on the RHS, we talk about the key steps for developing better
waste separation plans in developing cities.

Presentations by the Y-E-S Awardees

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Data can be used at multiple avenues in urban waste management such as AI
enhanced waste segregation, route planning, monitoring etc.
Data to minimize wastes via betterbusiness planning

AI enhanced waste segregation helper
robotsPrivate adoption of solutions to manage
and reduce waste by improved inventory
levels, demand prediction and processoptimization

MANAGEMENT

IOT to monitor bins

WASTE

Off the shelf or new robots could be
repurposed for the strenuous andhazardous job of waste segregation
Data andwaste
management

GIS Analytics
Using multiple data points like waste
fractions, weight, collection bin to
optimize routes and waste collection
related tasks

Using a network of sensor of network toschedule pick up based on the fullness of
dumping bins

Stockholm, Sweden in the process ofusing geo analytics in urban waste
management

Satellite data to safeguard water bodies
Australian government considering touse satellite data for cleaning of Great
Barrier Reef

DATA

Data in waste management can be used across avenues like enhanced
waste segregation, etc.

Using satellite sensor data and imagery to
identify ecological threats because ofwaste (particularly useful for oceans)

Source: UN and ADB report on waste management

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Context
Deep dives

Conclusion

Honda Y-E-S Forum 2021 Online
Major Challenges in the data driven Urban Design

DATA

DATA HANDLING
Analysis, capture, curation, search, sharing, storage,transfer, visualization, and possible privacy issues

HIGH COSTHigh Cost of data collection(sensor and installation cost)

CHALLENGES

To conclude, we will talk about the various challenges in the data driven
urban design like central coordination related issues, high cost, data
handling issues, etc.

CENTRAL SYSTEM

Single point Failures Possible

CENTRAL COORDINATIONSKILLED LABORInfrastructure at city wide project willneed large Human Capital

02

Central Coordination is
hard and expensive

03
01
04

05

26

Honda Y-E-S Forum 2021 Online
Mitigation Strategies in the data driven Urban Design

DATA

DATA HANDLING

Need to establish proper protocols and legislature toensure safe data handling

HIGH COST

Funding from public-private
partnerships needs to be secured

MITIGATION

Finally, we want to highlight the mitigation strategies which can be used tocreate a sustainable urban design society for us.
Thank you.

CENTRAL SYSTEM
Decentralization of the solutions inorder to avoid chances of failure
CENTRAL COORDINATION
Governments need to establish
special taskforce and units forsmooth monitoring andcoordination

02
03
01
04

05

SKILLED LABOR
Training and Higher education
institutes need to be established forfilling the human capital gap

27

Q&A Session: Summary
Following the presentation a Q&A session was held. The
main discussed questions included:

Developing countries need a data-driven approach tourban design because data are essential for correct andefficient business decisions. Large volumes of data fromconcentrated sources are already available. Cities need
to be optimized; data analysis provides the means todo this. Efforts are ongoing in India to consolidate dataand create the necessary infrastructure for data
analysis, but much remains to be done. Expertise andapproaches from developed countries will be helpful.
However, data collection must respect privacy and notextend into intrusive surveillance as in China. Laos andVietnam have problems in this regard too. Consentbased data use requires robust laws to respect privacy
and legislative bodies (“committees”) with clear popularmandates. Legislation is a critical and integral part of
the quest for data-driven solutions. A committee forthis purpose was recently founded in India.

• Why do countries need to have such a data-driven
approach for urban design?

• A lot of data requires a lot of infrastructure. Not only
to collect it but also to analyze it and take meaningful
insights. Does that kind of infrastructure exist in India
or in any other Southeast Asian country?
• What kind of privacy issues do you see and how can
we balance this pursuit of data collection with theprivacy of users?
The answers for the questions have been summarized
below.

72

Presentations by the Y-E-S Awardees

Panel Discussion 1
Day 2

73

Panel Discussion 1

Panel Discussion 1: Summary

The role of collaboration among industry, academia andgovernment for sustainable
Facilitator:
Dr. Atushi Sunami, Executive Advisor to the President, Adjunct Professor, National Graduate Institute for
Policy Studies (GRIPS); President, Sasakawa Peace Foundation

Panelists:
Prof. Takashi Oguchi, Professor, Institute of industrial Science (IIS), The University of Tokyo
Mr. Kiyoshi Amada, Director General, Infrastructure Management Department,
Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA)

Ms. Tran Thi To Uyen, PhD student, The University of Tokyo
Ms. Kaori Isawa, PhD Student, The University of Tokyo
Mr. Satyam Mohla, New Value Creation at Digital Transformation Supervisory Unit, Honda Innovation Lab,Tokyo, 2017 Honda Y-E-S Awardee

Mr. Le Yen Thanh, Founder & CEO, Phenikaa MaaS Technology JSC, 2015 Honda Y-E-S Awardee

Sunami: How is industry adapting to upcoming issues
in sustainability and urban design?

Oguchi: Industry provides innovation and vitalizationand government plays a supporting role.

Mohla: Government must lead, and industry andacademia take their cues from government. Private
industry can ensure that AI is used profitably but
government must use policies and regulations to ensurethat companies consider sustainability in all their activities.

Amada: Government provides direction and speed but
industry provides the innovation and production. For
example, government indicates that hybrid vehicles arenecessary but the private sector provides theinnovation to develop them. Governments in thedeveloped world must support developing countries,
for example in fighting climate change.

Thanh: Cooperation among government, industry andacademia is difficult because industry moves fasterthan government and academia lacks people with theright knowledge, indicating that the three sectors mustcooperate more closely.

Sunami: How can students adapt themselves to thechanging future?

74

Panel Discussion 1

Tran: The younger generation must be responsive tochanging situations, focusing on past and current
urban issues while remaining sensitive to newly
emerging challenges. Students naturally begin byabsorbing learning from their professors but go on tothink independently at the graduate level.

Isawa: Plans to become a researcher and teacher for
the future of students.
Sunami: What is the role of academics in general?
Oguchi: Academia can provide specialized knowledge,
free from industry’s profit motive. Academia should
challenge industry’s ideas. Academia can help resolve
conflicts between government and industry. Academics
today are more willing than in the past to join withother sectors to solve problems, rather than remain in
their ivy towers.

Isawa: Students are exposed to rapid change intechnology and systems so they have insights onsolving problems. Existing frameworks reduce the costof solving problems but sometimes must be adjusted
or even scrapped.
Mohla: Students follow government and industry
agendas and try to solve problems that society iscurrently facing. Sustainability is important in regions
like Scandinavia but India is only beginning to address
it. Students should try to look 10 years into the future.
For example, policy and ethics regarding AI will be
important 10 years from now, as will climate change, so
students need to learn about them now.

Amada: SATREPS is a program of cooperation among
researchers and academics from Japan anddeveloping countries such as India, to tackle problems
such as global warming. Some private companies arealso involved.
Amada and Mohla: The India Institutes of Technology(IITs) are a good example of government guiding
education and research, as well as implementing the
fruits of research. They are established in collaboration
with other countries’ governments.

Thanh: Vietnam has a good environment for learning
to adapt to the future, with startup and innovation
contests, and many students begin interning in thethird or fourth year of university. Vietnamese students
are willing to learn outside their chosen fields. Industry
experience early in the university career is vital.

Sunami: How about collaboration between academia
and industry?
Mohla: Talented people from IITs are absorbed into
private industry. This leads to increased collaboration
between academia and industry.

Oguchi: Professors impart specialized knowledge andstudents then seek out original findings, but should
also learn how people work together in general.
Industry experience early in the university career isvital. Engineering companies should provide insights tosocial scientists regarding future trends.

Thanh: Such collaboration is very good for students’skill development. Startup companies are important inthis process as new technology often comes fromstartups. Collaboration between startups and academia
enables universities to solve real-world problems, so
students can contribute to industry applications.

Sunami: (To two students) What is your plan after you
finish your studies?
Tran: Plans to do more research due to change inmajor. Agrees that industry experience early in theuniversity career is vital.

75

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Panel Discussion 2
Day 2

Panel Discussion 2

Panel Discussion 2: Summary

Youth’s involvement in designing a low-carbon emerging city
Facilitator:
Dr. Mitsunobu Kano, Executive Director of Honda Foundation; Vice Executive Director and Professor,
Okayama University

Panelists:
Prof. Takeru Sakai, Professor, Campus Planning Office, Graduate School of Human-Environment Studies,
Kyushu University

Mr. Shota Tabata, PhD Student, The University of Tokyo
Mr. Dinh Truong Giang, , Alpha Edu, 2018 Honda Y-E-S Awardee
Ms. Bindu Sancheti, Investments at Nexus Venture Partners, 2017 Honda Y-E-S Awardee
Mr. Pel Cheapanhasith, Technical Officer, Electricite du Cambodge, 2015 Honda Y-E-S Awardee
Ms. Khandala Khamphila, Lecturer, Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry, Champasack University, Lao PDR,2009 Honda Y-E-S Awardee

Mr. Pyae Phyo Kyaw, Project Consultant, Mandalay's WaterWorX Project, 2015 Honda Y-E-S Awardee

Kano: How do we make sure that urban design aligns
with the vision of Net Zero 2050? What are thetransformational changes needed in the ways we live
and consume to fulfill the SDGs and Net Zero 2050?

encourage use of public transit and to continue
developing technology.
Kano: Solutions that put more vehicles on the road (orbigger, like cars instead of motorcycles?) may increase
congestion.

Tabata: Urban design is the foundation of humanbehavior, so it has strong potential to solve
environmental problems. Systems already exist to
reduce energy consumption, pandemic risk, etc.

Dinh: The Vietnamese government wants to promote
public transit to reduce numbers of vehicles on theroads, but COVID-19 is impacting those plans.

Kano: For best effect, top-down approaches andbottom-up approaches should be aligned.

Pel: The five primary variables in sustainable urban
design are human ecology, energy, land and resource
conservation, water and air quality. Focusing onenergy, smart energy systems should be integrated

Dinh: Sustainable transportation is a big development
problem for Vietnam. The best approaches are to78

Panel Discussion 2

into existing energy systems to achieve carbon zeroby 2050. Problems in 2050 will not be the sameproblems faced today. Each country’s stage depends
on its situation. For example, Cambodia should focus
on renewable resources such as hydro, solar and windfor electricity generation, not electrification ofvehicles, for now.

improving organization.
Khandala: Raising awareness should start early, inelementary school. Exercises such as school cleaning
provide opportunities to raise awareness.
Kano: Producing easy-to-understand educational
materials for this purpose is a good step.

Sancheti: Populations are moving toward urbanization,so people must incorporate sustainability into theirlives to move society toward net zero. Small steps suchas eliminating plastic containers can be very helpful.

Pel: On the first question,where your skills and theneeds of the world cross, there lies the purpose!
students must know what society needs and know
where the job opportunities are to meet those needs.
Institutes, forums or other platforms to disseminate
ideas, including formal and informal means, can keep
citizens informed. Access to educational programs indeveloped countries is helpful in developing countries,
where such programs may not be available. These
programs encourage cooperation, which gets youth
involved. Governments can model policy on global
agreements such as the Paris Climate Agreement. In themeantime, activities at the community level are also
critically important. Stand-alone solar power can beused for farming activity, for example. Households can
upgrade their homes. Every little bit helps.

Khandala: Transformational changes start with raisingawareness through education. Educated students canthen proceed to develop technologies throughopportunities such as competitions.
Kyaw: Developing countries should start from thecommunity level, because local governments andmunicipalities can do much with very little support
from national governments. Start with awarenessraising, energy-efficient buildings and moving toward
100% renewable energy. On changing one’s living
patterns, drastic change is needed. COVID-19 has
shown that current systems are fragile. Movings towardethical consumption and transforming a linear
economy into a circular economy.

Kano: Young people need education not only in facts
but in how to be creative. Making comprehensive plans
is difficult because everyone has different ideas, so
collaboration is hard but it is necessary.

Sakai: Urban design must be planned and designed toalign with the future net-zero society.

Sancheti: Three pillars to involve youth in urban
planning and sustainable design: government
incentives to pursue careers in sustainable
development, education that is relevant to current
situations, and connecting education and policies to
employment opportunities. On transforming urban
jungles, step-by-step change is the right approach,rather than trying to do everything at once. Provide
solutions that enable people to take individual small
steps. Youth can drive such policies and actions in thelong term.

Kano: What might be the most efficient paths toward
reducing CO2 emissions?
Sancheti: People need to understand what they are
consuming and what its path to creating the carbon
footprint is. Infrastructure is needed to support
individuals in making conscious choices. In this way
urban design and net zero are interlinked.
Kano: How can we train our youth to equip them todeal with the growing stresses in the ecosystem andbring quality urban design? What can youth do totransform urban jungles into resilient smart cities?

Dinh: Everyone can contribute regardless of what
major they studied/are studying. Many aspects of life
need to be studied because urban design will impact a
lot of aspects.

Kyaw: On the first question, both formal and informal
education are important. With the internet andaccessibility, enabling environments such as platforms
should be created where youth can connect,
collaborate and innovate with each other to solve
issues at the local level. Youth are very good at teachingthemselves. On the second question, youth are working
in the city government, digitizing city maps andTabata: Urban jungles are not bad in themselves,because they are becoming more sophisticated.
Learn from the differences between cities indeveloping countries and those in developed
countries such as Japan.

79Panel Discussion 2

Kano: History can provide a guide on how various
countries grappled with problems in the past.
Sakai: History also helps developing countries avoid
the mistakes of the developed world. All elements of an
ecosystem must be seen as a whole. Anticipate
problems and work on ways of solving them before
they appear. On the concrete-jungle problem, low-risebuildings in city centers cannot be replaced in the near
future. Change building specifications to make gradualimprovements over time. City planning involves
decades, not years. Third, build relationships between
sectors, and between makers and users. Create designs
that facilitate communication.

80

Comments on Research
Poster Contest
Day 2

Comments on Research Poster Contest

Dr. Kazuko Matsumoto
Executive Director, Honda Foundation Honorary Adviser,
Japan Education and Research Support Foundation

First of all, I would like to congratulate all the awardeesof this poster contest. During the contest preparation
process, we had a list of concerns about whether wewould have as many poster applications as in previous
years. And we also had concerns about whether many
people would participate as an audience to listen andvote. Since this year we had our first experience of an
online forum, this was a bit of a concern for us. But it
was not so. Fortunately, we had 55 applications thisyear, which is the highest number of posters ever. The
number of participants is also 600 and is also thehighest number. So this may be the effect of holding
the contest online.
I’m pleased to see the Y-E-S forum and the poster
contest have been attracting so many impressive
reputations among young students and people atuniversities and institutions in Asia. Since so many
research posters have been submitted, and each ofthem has its own characteristic research targets andmotives, it is not easy for us to evaluate and select theawardees. There are so many excellent research posters
in many areas of urban design. I believe the referees
have used their wide and flexible viewpoints so thatthe evaluation is fair throughout all research areas. The
three awardees studied various fields of urban design.
One is for evaluation of level of safety in urban cities.
Another is on development of decentralized
wastewater treatment systems. Another one is onelectronic waste recycling systems. And also theaudience award was on urban air pollution cleaningsystems. All of these have different areas andmethodologies, but they create urban designs for the

future. If I may borrow words from the previous panel
discussions, these systems will contribute in the future
to convert jungle cities into modern, resilient cities. I
believe so.
I think this poster contest is a very good
opportunity for young people to get to know eachother, who are facing common social problems andpursuing sustainable urban design. Even if you havenot been selected in the contest this time, I hope you
have learned a lot from the presentations and panel
discussions, in addition to enhancing your networks
with other people.
Urban design is an interdisciplinary area, including
various disciplines and technologies. You need to havediversified standpoints beyond your own expertise. Thisis a difficult situation but it can be a very fruitfulresearch area in the near future. To build a future planfor urban design. The word “eco-technology” is thespiritual base of Honda Foundation, on which theFoundation has been carrying out all the activities
including this poster contest. The word suggests thattechnologies should be developed not only in pursuitof industrial and economic growth but should also be
advanced with the ultimate goal of human wellbeing.
For such a human goal, Honda Foundation always looks
for fresh, flexible and diversified viewpoints in Y-E-S
young participants to tackle social issues in the spirit of
eco-technology. We hope this contest will help to maketies between young Asian people and Honda
Foundation to create a brighter future. Thank you foryour participation.

82

Closing Remarks
Day 2

Closing Remarks

Dr. Akira Kojima
Advisor, Japan Center for Economic Research

On behalf of Honda Foundation I would like to express
our deepest appreciation to everybody participating
for the successful completion of the forum. What did
you get from this intensive weekend, sacrificing twodays of the weekend? Just fatigue? I got fatigue, but ahappy fatigue, because we had a good learning and I
myself felt the very great potential on the part of theyoung generation. Discussions, presentations andagenda-setting by committee members, logistics by
the Foundation people, were very impressive. This is thefirst ever trial of an online Y-E-S Forum. I found it was
beautifully managed and new possibilities for future
Y-E-S Forums. This time our focus was mainly on urban
transportation and smart city planning. I understand thisis really an important part of our even larger challenge.
The challenge is to create a better world, better society
and better life, and here the eco-technology concept
enters. As [stated in the introduction] by the Honda
Foundation president, Dr. Ishida, yesterday, the very
concept of eco-technology has been with us since thevery outset of Honda Foundation in 1977. These
concepts and approaches are becoming even more
important today. In recent years we often hear suchphrases as “planetary boundary” and “global commons.”
Human beings have been exploiting our planet too
much. The consequence is a climate crisis. We haveserious natural disasters such as floods, super-typhoons,forest fires and droughts, which are increasing infrequency and seriousness. In 2015 the so-called Paris
Agreement was ratified by some 190 countries andregions and came into effect the following year. This is
the international framework for tackling climate change.

In the same year, 2015, the SDGs, the Sustainable
Development Goals, were unanimously adopted at the
UN Sustainable Development Summit. The SDGs set
out 17 goals, which interestingly have been grouped
together into three dimensions resembling a threetiered wedding cake, with the bottom tier relating to
the global environment. Here the Paris Agreement andSDGs and our concept of eco-technology converge. In
today’s discussion, I found many of our “letter-C”
concepts. Many “letter-C” concepts came to my mind:
Crisis, Challenges, Chances, Capabilities. As for thecrises, climate change, COVID-19 pandemic, CO2,
contamination of air and water, congestion. And forchallenges, carbon-neutrality, circular economy, city
planning, capacity building, conservation and so forth.
Some speakers mentioned about stakeholders. Here I
found another five Cs: Country, community, company,
citizen and capital. But other than these five-C
stakeholders, I found one more important stakeholder.
That is the planet. The planet may be the mostimportant stakeholder. To tackle all these “C” issues, weneed more Cs: Creativity, comprehensiveness andcollaborative approach. Here also, eco-technology
matters. To activate eco-technology we needcooperation, collaboration and continuation. Here I
want to add one more C-word. That is “Can do.” You cando it. We can do it. For this purpose. You all join in thechallenge of eco-technology to realize a better society
and life. Again, you can do it, we can do it. So I strongly
appreciate all your challenges and wonderfulperformances during these two days of discussion. May
I thank you again.

84

Closing Remarks

Ms. Suu Malar Win
Honda Y-E-S 2016 awardee

Good Evening, everyone.
I am Suu Malar Win from Myanmar and I am a
Honda Y-E-S 2016 awardee. As we have reached theend of the second day forum, I would like to express a
few words of gratitude to all those who made thisvirtual forum successful.
It is a great privilege and an honour to be a part ofthis forum and I would like to pay my deep respect to all
the participants for the engagement you contributed tothis forum.
On behalf of our PCM team, I would like to convey
my sincere gratitude to all the guest speakers (Prof.
Takeru Sakai from Kyushu University, Prof. Takashi
Oguchi from the University of Tokyo and Mr. Kiyoshi
Amada from Japan International Cooperation Agency)
for taking time out of your busy schedules to support
our forum. Also I would like to thank Dr. Atsushi
Sunami, Dr. Mitsunobu Kano and panel members fortheir brilliant contribution to panel discussions. Your
presence was truly invaluable for us and without any
doubt, it helped the event a great success.
I also like to express my appreciation to thewinners of the Poster Contest and all the contestantsfor enlightening us with your wonderful ideas intackling global challenges and we wish you great
success in your future career.
We are very grateful for the support we received
from Honda Foundation both during the preparationand organising the event. Without any dedication andsupport of Honda Foundation, this unique event would
have not been successful.
We hope that this Forum has not only provided
you with information about challenges, opportunities
and solutions in promoting urban sustainability, butalso created a place where you can expand yourconnections with many professionals from diverse
institutions and countries.
We hope that this network will stay on and we aregoing to leave this forum with new determinations tocollaborate to create a sustainable society. We hope to
see you again in the next forum with growing
enthusiasm.
Thank you.

85

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