2015
Human Rights Due Diligence
Workshop1December 7th, 2015
Nippon CSR Consortium

Human Rights Issues by Sector v.4
In recent years, discussions and activities on “business and human rights” have been very active. The
members of the Nippon CSR Consortium, made up of companies, NGO/ NPOs, academics and related
institutions, have been working to identify the potential negative impacts of corporate activities on humanrights by sector.
The Human Rights Due Diligence workshop in 2015 consisted of two sections. The first section, which washeld between Jun 10th to July 3rd, focused on identifying and discussing negative human rights impacts bysector. In the second section, which was held between July 14th to July 28th, the Workshop on Draft for
Food Vision was conducted. The results of discussions of the first section were summarized in the draft“Human Rights Issues (draft)” document and were disclosed for public consultation.
Following consideration of the received comments from the public between 8th September to 6th November,the Nippon CSR Consortium hereby releases “Human Rights Issues by Sector v.4”.
Nippon CSR Consortium expects that companies will address properly human rights issues identified by
sector in this paper.
The comments were integrated consistently to the format of this document, and the sole responsibility forthe content of this document lies with Caux Round Table Japan, as a platform organizer of Nippon CSR
Consortium.

2

Table of Content

1.

Preface ..............................................................................................................................................4

1-1.

Purpose of the Human Rights Due Diligence Workshop .......................................................4

1-2.

Workshop for Identifying Human Rights Issues ....................................................................5

1-3.

Procedure of Workshop in 2015 .............................................................................................6

1-4.

Some Points for Consideration ...............................................................................................7

2.

Points for collecting Public Comments ............................................................................................83.

CRT Japan's viewpoint as the Secretariat of Nippon CSR Consortium ...........................................94.

Overview of the Public Consultation 2015………………………………………………….…….11

5.

Human Rights Issues by Sector v.4

5-1.
5-2.
5-3.
5-4.
5-5.
5-6.
5-7.
5-8.
5-9.
5-10.
5-11.

Manufacturing (electricity, precision, machinery, others)…………………….……………….12
Manufacturing (Infrastructure)………………………….……………………...……………….16
Information, Communication, and Technology………………………………………...……….20
Logistics……………………………………………………………………………………… 24
Finance………...………………………………………………………………………………..28
Chemical………………………………………………………………………………………...32
Pharmaceuticals……..…………………………………………………………………………..35
Apparel and Textiles……..……………………………………………………………………...38
Food…………...…………...……………………………………………………………………41
Paper and Printing……………..…………………………………………..................................45
Consulting and Auditing………...………………………………………………………………48

6. List of the Participants in Human Rights Due Diligence Workshop (First Section) 2015………...513

1

Preface

1-1.

Purpose of the Human Right Due Diligence Workshop

The Nippon CSR Consortium was established in September 2012 to raise awareness and promote activities
in the fields of business and human rights by offering a forum in which companies can discuss humanrights issues with NGOs and other companies. The consortium consists of corporate participants,
NGOs/NPOs, human-rights experts and representatives from academia. In 2012 the 68 participantsconsisted of 39 companies and 11 organizations, in 2013 the 35 participants were from 15 companies and
12 organizations, and in 2014 the 68 participants were from 34 companies, 17 organizations and others, in2015 the 98 participants in the first section of the workshop were from 48 companies and 17 organization.
There are some underlying factors that contributed to the establishment of the consortium. Companies
sometimes struggle to address diverse human rights issues with limited budgets and resources. Therefore,
even once a year, it is useful for them to get together to try to be leaders in their field by proactively
seeking to understand and address human rights issues that their industry may be involved in.
The consortium also emphasizes sustainability of activities. As stated above, the companies are committed
to continuous efforts for incremental improvement. In order to respond dynamically to a diverse range ofissues, participant companies seek to stay abreast of changes and issues in the society that potentially link
their activities to human rights impacts.
The Nippon CSR Consortium positions the Human Rights Due Diligence Workshop as an activity that aims
to assist companies at industry levels in identifying and assessing any actual or potentially adverse humanrights impacts as defined in the UN Guiding Principles1, which are connected to their activities at company
levels, and integrating and acting upon the findings, tracking responses, and communicating how impacts
are addressed to the affected stakeholders. We hope participants’ companies can use the knowledge
acquired at this workshop to support their human rights due diligence activities at each company.

Refer to: Human Rights Council, 2011, Report of the Special Representative of the Secretary-General on the issue of humanrights and transnational corporations and other business enterprises, Available at:

http://www.ohchr.org/documents/issues/business/A.HRC.17.31.pdf#search='report+of+the+special+representative+of+the+secretarygeneral+on+the+issue+of+human+rights+and+transnational (Accessed Nov 10th,2014).

4

1-2.

Workshop for Identifying Human Rights Issues

The Nippon CSR Consortium, guided by the UN Guiding Principles, has been working on identifying
important potential human rights issues by industry sector. The process used to identify the issues is
explained in the following section. All the comments from participants reflect personal opinions and do not
represent any of the affiliated organizations and companies.
In the 2012 Human Rights Due Diligence Workshop, important human rights issues by sector wereidentified through dialogue with the participants based on identifying the human rights issues andexpectations relevant to business2 in UNEP FI Human Rights Guidance Tool3 (‘Human Rights GuidanceTool’). The final report “Hunan Rights Issues by Sector (2013)” reflects public comments, was issued on
April 3rd, 20134.
In 2013, we further explored “Hunan Rights Issues by Sector (2013)” from the perspective of the value
chain. Identifying CSR issues throughout related value chains is a practical step for CSR departments toshare and address appropriate solutions with relevant departments after the workshop. “Human Rights
Issues by Sector (v.2)” was developed and published in March 2014, reflecting the outcome of workshop in2013 and comments from the 7 organizations and as many individuals as possible.
In 2014, based on the public comments received in 2013, indicating that “Human rights issues should beunderstood in the particular context in which they arise”, we focused on understanding the context andbackground of the issues, and based on that, we tried to understand the interconnectivities of global risks,and related human rights (societal and environmental issues) to business. This process is a practical step to“understand the reasons of why and how relevant issues are significance to the business activities” and“clearly understand that social and environmental issues are dynamically interlinked and interconnected”.
In the first section of the workshop held in 2015, corporate participants were given a lecture on theparticular context in which human rights issues arise by members of NGOs/NPOs and subject experts.
Then, they reviewed “Human Rights Issues by Sector (v.2)” based on Human Rights Guidance Tool5(2014) developed by UNEP FI to examine any added/removed/modified points in the report. A main featureof the workshop is to focus on human rights issues on sexual minority and foreign workers which havebeen received much attention in Japan. They were raised by members of NGOs/NPOs and subject experts.
Also, while human rights issues were identified in 9 sectors in 2014, human rights issues were identified in
11 sectors in 2015.

2

http://www.unepfi.org/humanrightstoolkit/fundamentals.php（Accessed on 1st November 2012）
http://www.unepfi.org/humanrightstoolkit/fundamentals.php (Accessed on 10th Nov, 2014).
4
Refer to: Nippon CSR Consortium, 2013, Human Rights Issues by Sector (2013), [PDF] Available at:
http://www.crt-japan.jp/files/documents/HR_DD_Final%20report_E.pdf (Accessed on Nov 10th, 2014).
5
http://www.unepfi.org/humanrightstoolkit/ (Accessed on July 10th, 2015)
3

5

1-3.

Procedure of the First Section of Workshop in 2015

The workshop consists of the following four steps.

Step1: Understanding the context in which human rights issues ariseCorporate participants were given a lecture on the particular context in which human rights issues
arise by members of NGOs/NPOs, academics and subject experts.

Step2: Reviewing and identifying adverse human rights impacts that can arise from corporate activities


The corporate participants conducted a series of discussions by sector to examine any
added/removed/modified points in “Human Rights Issues by Sector (v.2)” based on Human Rights
Guidance Tool (2014) developed by UNEP FI.

Step3: Integrating perspectives from both corporations and stakeholders


The participants summarised discussion contents and exchanged views on them with NGO/NPO,
academic and subject experts. Then, the participants reviewed the feedbacks and finalize the result of
the discussions by sector. The Secretariat aggregated their reports and developed “Human Rights
Issues by Sector (draft)”.

Step4: Collecting Public Comments and finalizing our report

The Secretariat invited public comments on “Human Rights Issues by Sector (draft) ” from Tuesday,
8th September, 2015 to Friday, 6th November, 2015 (Japan time). Following consideration of thereceived comments, the secretariat released “Human Rights Issues by Sector v.4 ”.

6

1-4.

Some Points for Consideration

1-4.a

Differing degrees of awareness of human rights issues

The levels of detail in the feedback provided by NGO/NPOs and the expert stakeholders were notconsistent across the industry sectors, indicating differing study and priority areas among the experts.
Similarly, there were gaps in the level of awareness of human rights issues among the corporate participants,
reflecting similar gaps between their degree of understanding and engagement with human rights issues.
Each company and sector can be placed in a different situation and the level of scrutiny may differ
according to the company’s size and sector.
1-4.b

Scope of Study and Analysis

The workshop in 2015 and this outcome do not include the following study and analysis.
The interconnection map of WEF Global Risks is not discussed or in the scope of analysis, as it is not
related to the orientation and aim of the workshop.

Ways of addressing the identified human rights issues and WEF Global Risks are not included in thescope of study as it is not related to the orientation and aim of the workshops. It will be an issue to be
discussed next year as necessary.

72

Points for collecting Public Comments

We invited public comments on the following three points, 1-3.
In the description of your comments, please specify the industry sector, page number, and concrete issue
that your comment addresses, and the background and reason for your comments. You may use the Public
Comments Sheet (Appendix 2) to submit your comments, if you prefer.

1.

Please share any comments on “Human Rights Issues by Sector (draft)” document.

2.

Please freely respond with any comments on “Human Rights Issues by Sector (draft)” document

3.

Comments on the format and procedure of the final report83. CRT Japan's viewpoint as the Secretariat of Nippon CSR Consortium
Making efforts in the “Business and Human rights” issues in the field of international CSR movement
attract greater attention mainly among the Western countries. Demands for companies to take actions
regarding CSR become certainly growing as their social environments are changed. These changes can be
defined as: CSR legislation and CSR mandatory; a rapid market growth in the Socially Responsible
Investing; developing the guidelines and rules on human rights issues; increasing the media coverage andthe development of social media.
It addition, along with global business expansion, companies are always in a situation of facing local
human rights and environmental issues which are occurring in areas of their operation sites. There arealways various types of “risks” beyond the scope of companies’ understanding. This means that thecompanies are always exposed to unpredictable “mine risks”. From the perspective of risk-management, it
is important for companies to deal with such social changes and issues.
“Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights: Implementing the United Nations “Protect, Respect
and Remedy” Framework” (2011) so-called “Ruggie framework” guided by the UN recommends
implementing human rights due diligence which requires companies to identify, protect, mitigate andexplain human rights impact.
The Nippon CSR Consortium was established in 2012, positioning a series of workshops as an activity thataims to assist companies in identifying and assessing any actual or potentially adverse human rights

impacts as defined in the UN Guiding Principles. Through the Stakeholder Engagement Program in 2015,
it came out to be clear that gaps still exist between the companies and the NGOs for the degree ofunderstanding the “Business and human rights”. The companies do not fully understand the exact meaningof the specific terms in the context of NGOs. For instance, as for business overseas expansion andoperation in local areas, the infringement of the right of indigenous people becomes a crucial matter in acontext of NGOs. However, companies are likely to deal with this issue in a context of land ownership.
Gaps, or “misconception”, between NGOs and the companies come out as an obstacle for advancing humanrights because they take the same issue in different ways, with the one perceives it as their own while theothers as issues of third parties.
Companies have to take them as their own challenge when addressing human rights risks relating them.
This is an important lesson coming out to be clear through the Stakeholder Engagement 2015. The
companies need to develop effective human rights grievance mechanisms, conduct a dialogue with humanrights victims and NGOs supporting them to implement a human rights due diligence.

9

Through this process, the companies are able to listen to the local voices, recognize their specific pressing
issues, and approach the identified issues and risks with utilizing high expertise and strategies. And, as
outlined in the Guiding Principles, the companies should be held accountable for any harm they cause andoutcomes of their actions, as well as should enhance their transparency by disclosing information linked toeconomic, environmental, and ethical aspects related to their businesses in order to ensure legitimacy. By
doing so, the companies can earn “License to Operate” and trust from stakeholders which becomes abackbone for corporate sustainable competitiveness in the long run.

10

4.

Overview of the Public Consultation 2015

We would like to express our gratitude for all the valuable comments we have received from the public
consultation.
We have received many affirmative comments on the program. The comments are as followed: This paper
presents segmented human rights issues by sector, enabling readers to predict risks related to human rights;
Through this paper, readers can understand that risks which seem unrelated to their businesses haverelevance to them; This program is highly evaluated in providing a platform where companies and NGOs
can discuss human rights issues. However, there are also comments expressing the concern that thisstakeholder dialogue does not include persons whose human rights are abused. NGOs are voices speaking
on behalf of those affected persons, so they cannot fully convey actual circumstances of violations ofhuman rights. When companies address human rights issues, they need to recognize the importance ofconducting a dialogue with affected persons.
In recent years human rights issues of sexual minority and foreign workers have drawn a large concern
from the public. We have also received comments highlighting that as it becomes a global trend to addressthese issues, Japanese companies also need to be aware of them and develop their policies and programs topromote their human rights. In addition, they need to address further issues such as food issues andempowerment of women which have received large public attention in Japan.
In order to discuss those issues further (sexual minority, issues of foreign workers, food issues, andempowerment of women), “the Business and Human Rights Conference in Tokyo” held on 16th and 17th
September 2015 conducted a panel discussion on them among invited foreign guest speakers, corporate
representatives and NGOs who participated in the 2015 Human Rights Due Diligence Workshop. Thispanel discussion led the conference participants to recognize the importance of conducting a dialogue withrights-holders who are subject to corporate activities, identifying potentially and actual adverse impacts
they produce, and conducing a human rights due diligence process.
Nippon CSR Consortium will continue to collaborate with companies, NGOs/NPOs, subject experts, andother initiatives to enhance support for solving issues linked to business and human rights. We sincerely
hope that this report will contribute to further implementation of human rights due diligence by companies.
Caux Round Table Japan
Executive Director Hiroshi Ishida
Minoru Matsuzaki
Hiroki Wada

11

5.0

Human Rights Issues by Sector v4

5-1.

Manufacturing (electricity, precision machinery, others)

Key value chains applicable to the manufacturing sector were classified into seven categories, and concrete
issues were further explored focusing on the products and services specified below.
5.1.1

Key value chains in manufacturing sector

Create: research, development, design
Buy: capital investment, procurement
Manufacture: production, manufacturing
Transport: storage, logistics
Sell: distribution, sales and marketing
Use: consumption, utilization
Discard: disposal, recycling
5.1.2

Discussed products and services



Thermal electric power plant



*



Digital camera

Electronic parts*Among various product families in electronic components, ferrite products (parts) were selected andtheir value chain was focused on.

12

5.1.3.

Potential human rights issues in the specified products and services, relevant value chains

Core operation/ Supply chain✓✓✓✓✓

Discard Severe incidents causing death or injury especially within
research and development, as well as manufacturing
sites. [C/M]

Use

✓✓✓✓✓

Sell

 Long working hours may become the norm in overseas
factories, due to low wages not matching local standardsof living, and piece-rate work.
 Unpaid overtime work in Japan.

Transport

Health andsafety*Highly relevant value chains are shown in parentheses [ ]Manufacture

Working
hours andwage

Value Chain
Buy

Workplaceconditions

Concrete issues

CreateKey human rights issues in the
manufacturing sector (electricity,
precision machinery, others)✓✓✓✓✓ Long working hours may cause health problems, inparticular, mental health problems.
 Progression of diseases by non-health checkups.
 Inadequate living conditions (living in a dormitory within
the factory, sharing one small dormitory room withseveral people, being locked up for control) and poor
sanitation (shower, toilet, etc.,) may affect the health ofthe employees.
 Lack of protective equipments such as finger sacks,
gloves, masks, eye-plugs or progress of occupational
diseases due to not wearing them
Discrimination

Duringwork

 Inequality in working conditions, training, andpromotion, discrimination against female workers andsexual minorities.

✓✓✓✓✓

Child labour

Minimumage There may be possible risks of child labour andtrafficking through brokers in supply chains acrossdeveloping countries (e.g. subcontracting works). Job
applications may be made using fake identities.

✓✓✓✓

Forced orcompulsory
labourDeposits
and papers

 “Mediators” may require foreign workers in Asian
countries to hand over ID (e.g. passport) and/or pay
excessive commission at the time of recruitment.

✓✓

Forcedovertime

 Risk of long working hours may cause forced overtime,
due to excessive quota requirements.

✓✓✓✓✓

－

 Potential lack of communication/dialogue between labour
representatives and unions.

✓✓✓✓✓

Freedom of
association andcollective
bargaining✓✓ Potential insufficiency in institutionalization andoperation of labour-management consultation and/or
absence of substantive collective bargaining.
 Potential insufficiency in protecting workers’ rights inunion shop Potential insufficiency in protecting worker’s right,
where trade unions are banned or not fully implemented(including real cases where trade unions are banned).

13

Community

Society and government

DiscardUse✓ ✓ ✓ ✓✓ ✓ ✓Sell

 Designing and developing products, transporting and salewith low environmental burdens (less electric
consumption, easy to recycle). [C/U/D/T/U]

Transport*Highly relevant value chains are shown in parentheses[ ].

Manufacture

Use ofnaturalresources

Value Chain
Buy

Resources

Concrete issues

CreateKey human rights issues in the
manufacturing sector

 Abuse and contamination of land and water at a factoryor local construction site. [B/M/D]
Security

Non-stategroups andsecurity
payments

 Potential diversion of funds, goods and services6 tonon-state groups, and armed groups. (e.g. conflictminerals7)

Relations withgovernments

Relations tostates withpoor humanrightsrecords

 A new venture (e.g. plant construction) by a government
may be launched without obtaining appropriate consent
from local communities, including indigenous people andminorities.

✓✓ ✓ ✓ ✓✓ ✓ ✓ At time of bidding for a plant construction and operation,
the labour standard presented by a host government may
not comply with the international standards.
 Offshore development[C], road infrastructures [T],waste
disposal[D]Bribery andcorruption

 Potential risk of being involved in bribery and corruption,such as facility payments, especially at time of obtaining
licenses and authorizations. [M]✓ ✓ ✓ ✓✓ ✓ ✓Consumer Possible risks of corruption when entering into a contract,customs of the manufacturing industry, friendships whencontracting and operating, as well as of being involved incorrupt practices when receiving orders fromgovernment. [S]Relations withcustomers

Health andsafety Potential positive impacts of changing consumer
behaviours (e.g. conducting responsible marketing
considering health and safety of consumers) [S], andcontributing to raising consumers’ awareness ofenvironmental issues. [U/D]

✓

✓

✓✓✓

 Potential risk to the lives or bodies of end consumers

are created due to a defect in specified products
provided through the customer/clients. [C/M]

6

Voluntary Principles on Security and Human Rights to identify benchmarks (http://www.voluntaryprinciples.org)
The law on using conflict minerals is now quite clear, and as part of their due diligence, companies need to takemany measures into account. Refer to The OECD Due Diligence Guideline for Responsible Supply Chain of Minerals from
Conflict-Affected and High-Risk Areas (http://www.oecd.org/corporate/mne/mining.htm) and an example, the Dodd-Frank
Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act (http://www.sec.gov/about/laws/wallstreetreform-cpa.pdf)Conflict minerals
7

directly contribute to the maintenance of conflict and are associated with sexual violence against women and girls,
such as that in the North and South Kivus.

145.1.4

Human rights issues in the manufacturing sector and the relevant value chains,other than the specified products and services

Core operation/ Supply chain > child labour > minimum age and Community > resources > others
Products collected in industrialized countries for recycling purpose are shipped to developing
countries and disposed there finally as waste. There is a potential risk of child labour, if children are
involved in collecting recyclable material from the wastes in these countries. If the products/waste ishazardous and toxic and poorly-handled, there is a potential risk of disastrous human rights
consequences for the health and safety of the people in community8. [D]Community > resources > use of natural resources
Protecting traditional knowledge of indigenous people, and sharing with them the profits derived fromthe use of such knowledge. (ABS: Access and Benefit-Sharing) [C/B]

8

Case profile: Tragigura lawsuits in Cote d’Ivoire.
(http://business-humanrights.org/en/trafigura-lawsuits-re-côte-d’ivoire#c9344)

15

5-2.

Manufacturing (Infrastructures)

Key value chains applicable to the manufacturing sector were classified into seven categories, and concrete
issues were further explored focusing on the products and services specified below.
5.2.1

Key value chains in manufacturing sector

Create: research, development, design
Buy: capital investment, procurement
Manufacture: production, manufacturing
Transport: storage, logistics
Sell: distribution, sales and marketing
Use: consumption, utilization
Discard: disposal, recycling
5.2.2

Discussed products and services



Thermal electric power plant



*



Digital camera

Electronic parts*Among various product families in electronic components, ferrite products (parts) were selected andtheir value chain was focused on.

16

5.2.3

Potential human rights issues in the specified products and services, relevant value chains

Core operation/ Supply chain

DiscardUse

Employment

Sell

During work/

✓
✓✓✓✓✓

 Severe incidents causing death or injury especially within
research and development, as well as manufacturing
sites. [C/M]✓ Long working hours may cause health problems, inparticular, mental health problems.

✓✓✓✓✓✓✓

 Inadequate living conditions (living in a dormitory within
the factory, sharing one small dormitory room withseveral people, being locked up for control) and poor
sanitation (shower, toilet, etc.,) may affect the health ofthe employees.

Discrimination

Transport

Health andsafety Long working hours may become the norm in overseas
factories, due to low wages not matching local standardsof living, and piece-rate work.
 Unpaid overtime work in Japan (increasing at-homeovertime along with development of IT).

Manufacture

Working
hours andwage

Value Chain
Buy

Workplaceconditions

Concrete issues*Highly relevant value chains are shown in parentheses [ ]CreateKey human rights issues in the
manufacturing (infrastructures) sector

✓✓✓✓

✓✓

✓✓

 Lack of protective equipments such as finger sacks,
gloves, masks, eye-plugs or progress of occupational
diseases due to not wearing them✓✓✓✓

 Inequality in working conditions, training, andpromotion, discrimination against female workers,
disabilities, sexual minorities, ethnic groups andreligions)

✓✓✓✓✓

✓

Child labour

Minimumage There may be possible risks of child labour andtrafficking through brokers in supply chains acrossdeveloping countries (e.g. subcontracting works). Job
applications may be made using fake identities.

✓✓

Forced orcompulsory
labourDeposits andpapers “Mediators” may require foreign workers in Asian
countries to hand over ID (e.g. passport) and/or pay
excessive commission at the time of recruitment.

✓✓

Forcedovertime

 Risk of long working hours may cause forced overtime,
due to excessive quota requirements.

✓✓✓✓✓

－

 Potential lack of communication/dialogue between labour
representatives and unions.

✓✓✓✓✓✓

Freedom of
association andcollective
bargaining Potential insufficiency in institutionalization andoperation of labour-management consultation and/or
absence of substantive collective bargaining.
 Potential insufficiency in protecting workers’ rights inunion shop Potential insufficiency in protecting worker’s right,
where trade unions are banned or not fully implemented(including real cases where trade unions are banned).

17

Community

Society and government
Consumer

Discard

✓✓

Use

Sell

 Designing and developing products with low
environmental burdens (less electric consumption, easy
to recycle). [C/U/D]

Transport*Highly relevant value chains are shown inparentheses [ ].

Manufacture

Use of natural
resources andinfrastructures

Value Chain
Buy

Resources

Concrete issues

CreateKey human rights issues in the
manufacturing (infrastructures) sector✓

 Grabbing of lands that local people can access to waterin and can use for agricultures as basis of their lives.
Security

Non-stategroups andsecurity
payments

 Potential diversion of funds, goods and services9 tonon-state groups, and armed groups. (e.g. conflictminerals10)✓

Relations withgovernments

Relations tostates withpoor humanrights records

 A new venture (e.g. plant construction) by agovernment may be launched without obtaining
appropriate consent from local communities, including
indigenous people and minorities.

✓✓

 Possible risks that standards of local laws are lower
than international standards.
Bribery andcorruption

Relations withcustomers

Health andsafety✓✓✓✓✓✓✓

 Potential risk of being involved in bribery andcorruption, such as facility payments, especially at timeof obtaining licenses and authorizations. [M]✓✓✓✓ Possible risks of corruption when entering into acontract, customs of the manufacturing industry,friendships when contracting and operating, as well asof being involved in corrupt practices when receiving
orders from government. [S]✓ Potential risk to the lives or bodies of end

✓✓✓

✓✓✓

consumers are created due to a defect in specified
products and services provided through thecustomer/clients

9

Voluntary Principles on Security and Human Rights to identify benchmarks (http://www.voluntaryprinciples.org)
The law on using conflict minerals is now quite clear, and as part of their due diligence, companies need to take manymeasures into account. Refer to The OECD Due Diligence Guideline for Responsible Supply Chain of Minerals from
Conflict-Affected and High-Risk Areas (http://www.oecd.org/corporate/mne/mining.htm) and an example, the Dodd-Frank
Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act (http://www.sec.gov/about/laws/wallstreetreform-cpa.pdf )Conflict minerals
directly contribute to the maintenance of conflict and are associated with sexual violence against women and girls, such asthat in the North and South Kivus.
1018

5.2.4

Human rights issues in the manufacturing sector and the relevant value chains, other than
the specified products and services

Core operation/ Supply chain > child labour > minimum age and Community > resources > others
Products collected in industrialized countries for recycling purpose are shipped to developing
countries and disposed there finally as waste. There is a potential risk of child labour, if children are
involved in collecting recyclable material from the wastes in these countries. If the products/waste ishazardous and toxic and poorly-handled, there is a potential risk of disastrous human rights
consequences for the health and safety of the people in community11. [D]Community > resources > use of natural resources

Protecting traditional knowledge of indigenous people, and sharing with them the profits derived from theuse of such knowledge. (ABS: Access and Benefit-Sharing) [C/B]

11

Case profile: Tragigura lawsuits in Cote d’Ivoire.
http://www.business-humanrights.org/Categories/Lawlawsuits/Lawsuitsregulatoryaction/LawsuitsSelectedcases/Trafiguralaw
suitsreCtedIvoire

19

5-3

Information, Communication and Technology (ICT)Key value chains applicable to the ICT sector were classified into six categories, and concrete issues were
further explored focusing on the products and services specified below.
5.3.1

Key value chains in ICT sector

Create: research and development
Buy: capital investment for office and data centre, procurement of machine/equipment/raw materials andsoft ware
Produce: information planning, program development, system maintenanceSell: network provider, sharing system, system maintenance & operation service, sales and marketing
Use: shared system operation, data archival
Discard: depreciation/amortization
5.3.2

Discussed products and services

The shared account management system for over-the-counter sales of investment trusts

20

5.3.3

Potential human rights issues in the specified products and services, relevant value chains

Workinghours

 Long working hours (including attendance at weekends) and
unpaid work in system development process (e.g. pre-release
period, during system trouble) [C/B/P/U]
 Industrial health and safety of workers at overseas
subcontractors (outsource providers) and/or System
Integrators may not be ensured, because political andeconomic factors are different from Japan. [C/P/U]✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓Healthandsafety Long working hours may cause health problems, especiallymental health problems
 Possible risks to safety and health due to work at facilities of
networks✓✓ ✓ ✓Discrimination

Duringwork

 Gender (discrimination against female workers), sexual
orientation and nationality inequality in training andpromotion
 Female workers may be transferred to other departments
without their will, after taking maternity leave. Workers whotake care of other family members may be transferred to otherdepartments without their will.

✓✓

Forced orcompulsory
labourForcedovertime

 Excessive quota requirements may lead to long working hours
and forced overtime.

✓

✓ ✓ ✓

Freedom of
associationand collective
bargaining

Conflictwithlocal law

 Freedom of association and collective bargaining may not beensured.

✓✓Protection andstorage of
personal data－ Personal information held by the company may be leaked.
 Personal information may be gathered and used without
gaining agreement of individuals.
 Inadequate education to employees who deal withmanagement of personal information may not contribute to arise in awareness of them.
 Consumers may not be able to acquire ways to recognize andavoid risks due to inadequate trainings and education on risksof personal information to them.

Workplaceconditions

DiscardUse

Sell

ProduceCore operation/ Supply chain

Value Chain
Buy

Concrete issues*Highly relevant value chains are shown in parentheses [ ].

CreateKey human rights issues in ICT
sector✓✓ ✓ ✓ ✓

21

Community
Society and government✓ ✓Use ofnaturalresources(water,
land,
etc.)

 Environmental friendly energy use at a data centre (e.g.
energy saving, responsible power source management.) andwater use [B] Having a negative impact on the lives of communities, suchas through noise and odor emissions from a data centre. [U] Potential risks of environmental pollution frominappropriately discarded electronic devices. [D]Use ofinfrastructure Having a positive impact on local communities such as byimproving local infrastructure through the establishment ofan ICT network system. [P/U] Users’ social lives may be threated by suspension of service
caused by electricity and technical trouble. [U]✓✓Community
investment－

 Making a positive impact on local communities throughinformation provision and ICT services, such as enhancementof local peoples’ lives by reducing the digital divide.

✓✓

Relations withgovernments

Relationsto stateswith poorhumanrightsrecord Insufficient legal systems in host countries may cause
challenges in controlling forced overtime work. (e.g. atcontracted local company for offshore development projects)[P] Potential violations of land ownership rights of local peoples
at the time of government purchase of land for industrial parkfrom of minority community. [B] Possible risks surrounding demands from government
authorities to provide private information. [S/U]Bribery
andcorruption Potential risks of being involved in bribery and corruption,
notably in offshore market research, and sales and marketing(especially in ICT service provision for government
agencies.) [C/S]－ Potential violation of privacy by information leakage,
especially in system operation
 Big Data services that gather public consumer data may
unintentionally identify personal data by combining
information, and there is a potential risk of misuse thecustomer personal data for commercial purposes without
prior approval from users.
 Possible risks of violating human rights due to improper
websites (suicide websites) and improper use of ICT(revenge porn).
 Violence on the Internet, verbal abuses, and porn may poserisks of giving adverse impacts on psychologicaldevelopment of children.

Resources

Relations withcustomers✓ ✓ ✓ ✓✓

Discard

✓

Use

Sell

Produce

Consumer

Value Chain
Buy

Concrete issues*Highly relevant value chains are shown in parentheses [ ].

CreateKey human rights issues in ICT
sector(continued)

✓

✓ ✓

22

*Human rights issues in the ICT sector and the relevant value chain, other than the specified products andservicesSociety and government > Relations with governments > Freedom of expression and Privacy.

Potential violations of freedom of expression when:a company receives direct requests from host governments to censor content and close down networks,
a company operates in countries where the law requires restrictions on the freedom of expression due tostrict social and cultural values, or where repressive regimes do not tolerate dissent,
a company’s technologies and products are misused to repress freedom of opinion, speech and expression.
[B/S]

Consumer > Relations with customers

Having a negative impact on children’s rights, arising from child pornography; online solicitation or‘grooming’, and exposure to unsuitable materials. This can cause psychological harm or lead to physicalharm; and harassment and intimidation. Rapid developments in the ICT sector have facilitated the creationand dissemination of images of the sexual abuse of children, heightening the need for businesses to exercise
due diligence.
Reference Sources

Institute for Human Rights and Business and Shift, ICT Sector Guide on Implementing the UN
Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights, 2013.
http://www.ihrb.org/publications/reports/human-rights-guides.html (accessed February 25th 2014)



Ericsson, ICT and Human Rights: an ecosystem approach, 2012.
http://www.ericsson.com/res/thecompany/docs/corporate-responsibility/2012/human_rights0521_final_web.pdf (accessed February 25th 2014) *The ICT value chain is described for one sub-sector.

23

5-4

Logistics

5.4.1

Key value chains in logistics

Create: research, development
Buy: capital investment, procurement of ships and vehicles
Transport: storage, logistics, transportation
Discard: disposal, recycle
5.4.2

Discussed products and servicesIntermodal freight transport

Maritime transportTraffic

24

5.4.3

Potential human rights issues in the specified products and services, relevant value
chainsKey human rights issues in logistics sector

Concrete issues

Core operation/ Supply chain※ Logistics and Traffic industries are a labor-intensive industry.
Though it is anticipated that mechanization is further advanced in
the future, laborious work of human beings will still remain.

✓ Long working hours at fields and subcontracting companies
especially in busy seasons.
 Long working hours such as night work and early morning work
due to time difference with other countries Because logistics industry has the public nature, unexpected long
working hours may happen during occurrence of disasters.
Low wages✓

 Wages may be lower than levels of wage
 Working hours may get longer due to expansion of mail-ordermarkets. As a result, wages per unit of time decrease

Health andsafety※ Dangerous work always exist in sites of logistics and traffic suchas loading and unloading heavy objects, transporting, using large
machines, vehicles, work nearby trains. It is important to make daily
efforts to prevent risks from occurring so as to keep working places
safe.

✓

 Workplace accidents could occur due to lack of sufficient safety
instructions at site where heavy machinery and cargos operate,
such as terminal and ship under operation for marinetransportation industry. (shipping industry) Safety of workers in marine transportation industry when inwaters in which piracy can take place Because logistics industry has the public nature, secondary
disasters of labor hazards may occur
 Long working hours may cause mental health risks.
Discrimination

During work

※ As lack of human capital due to a shrinking population is
anticipated, personnel and forms of employment such as
contract/temporary workers, ex-employer based on reemployment
system, the change of the employment status of temporary
employees to regular employees, reduction of working hours,
working at home.

✓ Inequality in working conditions, training and promotion may
occur due to various types of employments and various humancapitals.
 Foreigner nationals especially in port services may facediscriminatory treatment in employment and payment. (shipping
industry)
 Uniform treatment to workers without consideration of religions
and cultures.

25

DiscardTransport

Working hours

Buy

Workplaceconditions

Value Chain
Create*Highly relevant value chains are shown in parentheses [ ].

Core operation/
Supply chain
Community※ Because difference in regular period and busy period is large,
and transport routes/traffic systems change, necessary labor force
may change largely according to seasons.

DiscardTransport

Resources

Redundancy
and dismissal*Highly relevant value chains are shown in parentheses [ ].

Value Chain
Buy

Discrimination

Concrete issues

CreateKey human rights issues in logistics sector(Continued)✓

 Potential risks of hiring temporary workers to replace full-timeworkers or to avoid employment protection12 and requests forpermanent employment by part-time and contract workers may
not be duly considered.
Use of natural
resources※ Diversification of power generation by the user of fossil fuels,
nonconventional natural gas resources, as well as natural energy
makes a progress.

✓ ✓ Potential risks of causing or contributing to environmental
contamination, air pollution, water quality degradation or
destruction of natural habitats at the site of oil extraction. [B] Exhaust gas from vehicles operating frequently along the sameroute may cause or contribute to local air pollution. [T] Environmental destruction such as soil contamination, water
quality degradation, air pollution may occur due to construction
and use of factories, railroads, logistic centers.
Use ofinfrastructure Vehicles and ships operated by companies may cause a damage onroads and ports where they operate✓✓ Vehicles operated by companies may cause a traffic jam on roads
where they operate
Security

State provisionof security

 Potential risk of excess use of force like violence by nationalnavies dispatched to areas where piracy is occurring or by armed
guard hired by a company to protect logistic centers in less secureareas.

✓

 Potential risk of excess use of force like violence by armed guard
on-board ships to mariners and piracy. (shipping industry) A potential risk to navies, piracy may abuse the rights of local
communities such as fishermen. (shipping industry)

12

Companies should provide appropriate employment with supporting employment contracts. Please see the guidance on
employment and recruitment agencies here for further elaboration:(http://www.ihrb.org/publications/reports/human-rights-guides.html)

26

 Possible contribution to local people living in areas where
disasters occur by opening logistic centers as evacuation places.

Community
Investment✓ ✓ ✓ Possible contribution to reduction of local poverty byparticipating in projects aiming to create employment
opportunities in countries where piracy is occurring. (shipping
industry)

Society andgovernment

Relations withgovernments

Others Possible contribution to improvement of local infrastructure bydeveloping access and tourism with consideration of futureavailability, including temporary tourism campaigns. (Logistics
industry, transport)

Trafficking

Bribery andcorruption

 Possible risk of being involved unintentionally in bribery andcorruption such as by way of facilitation payment. [T]✓ ✓ ✓ Potential risk of being involved in collusion, bribery andcorruption at the time of negotiating investments and routedevelopment with governments and legislative authorities. [C/B]
Trafficking inhuman Potential risk of direct association with trafficking through thetransportation of trafficking victims (via international airlines andshipping companies).

✓

27

Discard*Highly relevant value chains are shown in parentheses [ ].

Transport(Continued)

Value Chain
Buy

Concrete issues

CreateKey human rights issues in logistics sector

5-5Finance

Key value chains applicable to the finance sector were classified into five categories, and concrete issues
were further explored focusing on the products and services specified below.
5.5.1.

Key value chains in Finance Sector

Create: financial commodity planning, research, development
Buy: capital investment for office and data centre, financing
Produce: establishing fund
Sell: manage, review, loan, selling financial products, money transfer network/system, sales andmarketingUse: fund management and account maintenance, credit cards
4.5.2.

Discussed products and services



Investment trust fund

Mutual fund (loan)Mid-term & long-term domestic lending, credit card company

28

5.5.3

Potential human rights issues in the specified products and services,and relevant value chains
Value Chain

Core operation/ Supply chain

Workplaceconditions

Working hours

 Risk inherent in working long hours as
customer’s needs and operations
diversify and due to increases in
non-routine work.

✓✓

Health and safety

 Long working hours may lead toillness including mental health risks✓✓

Discrimination

During work Possible discrimination against gender,
sexual orientation, nationality andreligion in training and promotion
 Management ability and quality ofmanagers✓✓

Access to land

Title to land

 Lack of regulations for protecting landownership, such as hypothecate inregards to financial transactions, may
lead to infringement of human rights.
 Potential risks of being held lender’s
responsibilities concerning credit
mortgages✓✓ ✓Community
investment-

 Positive impacts on job creation andaccess to education throughmicrofinance. [C] Positive impacts throughmicro-insurance.
 Positive impacts by dealing in financial
products designed to support
infrastructure improvement indeveloping countries. [C] On the infrastructure improvement anddevelopment, there is a potential risksof adverse consequences for humanrights, if the land acquisition has been
undertaken without free and priorinformed consent, or if force has been
used, poor resettlement, environmental
and other social impacts.

✓

Use

Sell

ProduceBuyCreateConcrete issues*Highly relevant value chains are shownin parentheses [ ].

Community

Key human rights issues in finance sector

29

Customer Potential risks which may be caused byoverseas Japanese banks that do not adopt thesame loan conditions settled by IFC

Consideration
for theenvironmentand society

 Potential risks that may be caused by banks
that do not ratify the Equator Principals yet.

Consideration
for theEnvironment,
Society andthe Corporate
governance Potential risks that may be caused by financial
institutions which do not properly deal with
PRI (Principles for Responsible Investment)
and Japanese version of Stewardship Codepublished by Financial Services Agencies in
2014.

－

 Human rights are not fully considered when
conducting screening and audits in regard tofunds and investment. Compliance with the
Equator Principles is desirable [S/U] Respect for land ownership rights ofindigenous people; need for sharing of
benefits obtained from indigenous knowledge,
such as in relation to raw materials. [C/S] Risk of involvement in human rights impacts
through business relationships, by including
companies involved such impacts in a
portfolio. [P] Possible risk of excessive debt/credit
extended to consumers who are in no position
to repay, and the possible use of extortion by
outsourced collection agencies.

Prevention offinancialdamage onelderly people Fraud by “ore-ore sagi” (“Hey-it's-me” scam)and peeking at touch-panel of ATM-machine.

Considering
for the usagesof the credit
card by thedisabled
customers Potential risks to disabled customers forfacing an obstacle in receiving the same
services as healthy customers do.

✓

UseRights ofindigenous
peoples✓Sell

 Potential risk of facilitating money launderingof funds acquired through, e.g. trading
questionable assets, illegal drugs or gambling.
[B/S] e.g: 2015 FIFA corruption bribery case

Produce

Investments,
loans, andindividual
investors

Moneylaundering andtransparency

Value Chain
Buy

Relations withsocietyConcrete issues*Highly relevant value chains are shown in theparenthesis [ ].

CreateSociety and government

Key human rights issues in financesector

✓

✓ ✓ ✓

30

5.5.4


Reference sources
Thun Group of Banks, Discussion Paper for Banks on the Implementation of the UN Guiding Principles
on Business and Human Rights 16-21, October 2013
http://www.business-humanrights.org/media/documents/thun-group-discussion-paper-final-2-oct-2013.pdf(accessed 13th Match 2014)

Institute for Human Rights and Business, Investing the Rights Way: A Guide for Investors on Business andHuman Rights, 2013. http://www.ihrb.org/pdf/Investing-the-Rights-Way/Investing-the-Rights-Way.pdf(accessed 13th March 2014)

5.5.5

Focal Issues/Challenges towards 2014

Many financial institutions have close relationships through lending, investment and underwriting with all
the industrial sectors and businesses they support. This means that the finance institutions are exposed tohuman rights issues/risks inevitably, through the activities of their clients, as participation in or association
with human rights violations, even indirectly, may negatively affect a company’s profitability or reputation.
Through putting in place human rights due diligence mechanisms, not only do finance institutions address
their own risks, but also affect the way in which companies in their sphere of influence tackle human rights,
This facilitates mitigating and addressing potential risks, as well as leading to a more human rights-aware
business community at large.
To separate out the impacts of the financial institution itself and those to which the financial institution
is directly linked through its business relationships.

Wider collaboration including representatives from the banking, investing and insurance sectors in thisplatform of discussion would be needed, in order to make the current paper and any related follow-up
work as relevant as possible for the finance industry.

31

5-6

Chemicals and Construction Materials

Key human rights issues in chemical

Concrete issues

Core operation/Supply chain

OthersDiscard

Use

Sell

Transport

Storage

Manufacture

Procure BtoB companies may face possible
occurrence of overtime work arising fromreceiving orders without consideration of
resources. (one’s company and supply chain) Not enough understanding on the degree ofimportance in working hour management
corresponding to working conditions thatdiffer according to countries/areas. (supply
chain)✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓and

 There are relatively many sources of risks as
the industry that use hazardous substances(chemical substances) and large scale
facilities. (one’s company and supply chains)
 Possible risks of causing health hazards toemployees and final consumers if suppliers
do not provide complete information on
chemical substances. (one’s company andsupply chain) Possible risks of violating human rights byoutsourcing companies that conduct safety
and functionality tests to human beings withpoor ethical values. (supply chains)✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓Disciplinary
measures Because practices of disciplinary measuresdiffer largely according to countries andregions, there are possible risks ofdeveloping policies on disciplinary measuresthat do not match regions. (one’s company)
 Inadequate grievance mechanisms against
disciplined persons (one’s company)
 Difficulty in understanding actual situationsof disciplinary measures against suppliers,
because practices of disciplinary measuresdiffer largely according to countries andregions. (supply chains)✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓During work

 Cases of discrimination issues differ in areas
and time (for instance, discrimination against
sexual minorities has occurred in 2015).
Elimination of discrimination during work
globally remains unsolved. (one’s company
and supply chains)
 Possible risks of violating human rights ofdisabled people due to the delay ofdevelopment of working places. (one’s
company and supply chains✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓HealthsafetyDiscrimination

Develop

Workinghours

Research

Workplacecondition

Facility
Fundingand construction material sectors

Value chain

✓ ✓

32

✓

Value Chain
OthersDiscard
Use
Sell
Transport
Storage

ManufactureCore operation/Supply chain

Concrete issues

ProcureDevelopResearch
Facility
Funding

Key human rights issues inchemical and construction material
sectors (continued)

Discrimination

Redundancy
anddismissal

 Clear and convincing selection standards may
not be presented during redundancy anddismissal (one’s company and supply chain) Possible risks such as taking a legal case fromnot conducting an appropriate communication
based on standards of judgment for redundancy.
(one’s company and supply chains)✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓Forced Labour

Deposits andpapers There are high reputational risks during
occurrence of forced labour, because thepresence or absence of migrant workers is notglobally and comprehensively identified. (one’s
company and supply chains)✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓Forcedovertime BtoB companies may possibly demand forced
overtime, because they receive orders without
consideration of their resources (volunteer
overtime work ends up being overtime work)(one’s company and supply chains)✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓Trafficking
in human There are high reputational risks during
occurrence of forced labour, because thepresence or absence of migrant workers is notglobally and comprehensively identified. (one’s
company and supply chains)✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓✓ ✓Freedom of
association
andcollective
bargaining Possible risks of facing a production suspension
due to occurrence of strikes and boycotts, if
negotiation between management and labour is
not conducted correctly. (one’s company andsupply chains) Employees may not have a means to discuss
issues related to labour without interference ofcompanies. (one’s company and supply chains)✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓Conflict
with
local
law

 Possible risks of facing a production suspension
due to occurrence of strikes and boycotts, if
negotiation between management and labour is
not conducted correctly. (one’s company andsupply chains) Employees may not have a means to discuss
issues related to labour without interference ofcompanies. (one’s company and supply chains)✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓Freedomofassociation

33

Concrete issues

Value chain

Community

Resources

Useof
naturalresources The industry may give a huge impact to local
communities, as it uses a relatively large amount of
resources and has a potential for causing pollution
damage by discharge and leak of hazardous
materials. (one’s company and supply chains)
 Possible risks of water depletion due to constructionof factories and deforestation. (supply chains)
 Possible risks of causing an adverse impact on local
communities due to depletion of natural resources.
(supply chains)

Society and government

OthersDiscard
Use
Sell
Transport
Storage

Manufacture

ProcureDevelopResearch
Facility
Funding

Key human rights issues inchemicalandconstruction
material sectors (continued)

Relationswithgovernments

Bribery
andcorruption

 Due to an extension of the scope of application oflegislation on bribery and increase in enormous
surcharge payment, there are potential impacts ofgiving to stakeholders such as employees andinvestors (one’s company and supply chains) Bribery and excessive treatment to foreign public
officials, risks of excessive payment to smoothentransactions, risks of receiving an order ofsuspension of operations from not engaging. (one’s
company and supply chains)✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓Gov’tswith poorhumanrightsrecords

 Potential risks of being involved in violations ofhuman rights due to operations in countries withpoor human rights activities. (one’s company andsupply chains) Potential risks of being involved in violations ofhuman rights by gaining permissions from local
governments (reputational risks by operations incountries with poor human rights records and risks
involved in human rights abuses) (one’s company
and supply chains) Potential risks of squeezing profits, because it
requires more resources to undertake activities toraise awareness of human rights. (one’s company)✓ ✓ ✓Health andsafety Potential risks of causing health hazards toconsumers, because chemical materials are used.
Also, risks are present if information on value
chains is not properly shared. (one’s company andsupply chains)

Relationswithconsumers✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓

✓

✓ ✓ ✓

✓ ✓

34

5-7

Pharmaceuticals
inValue chain
DiscardCore operation/Supply chain
Community

Resources

Use ofnaturalresources Bio-piracy may occur as sourcing
natural compounds that are essential for
drug development.

✓

Environmental
Impactsofpharmaceuticalproducts

Health andsafety Possible risks of polluting theenvironment by a leakage ofpharmaceutical products and chemicalcompounds to nature.
 Possible risks of harming the health ofresidents by the environmental
pollution, and possible risks ofpolluting animals and plants that
residents live on.

✓

Relations with governments✓

Work conditions
and others

Operations in preand post conflictcountries

Risks ofproviding
products

 Possible risks of not providing productswith people in needed due to unstablesocial situations.

✓

Entry post
conflict countries

Risks ofproviding
products

 Possible risks of not providing productswith people in needed due to unstablesocial situations.

✓ During the clinical development stageof pharmaceutical production, thehealth and safety of study participants
may not be managed properly at
contract research organizations.
Moreover, there may be fraud inclinical trials and data.

ConsumeTransport✓

Manufacture The use of chemical compounds or/and
pharmaceutical products without
adequate protections may endanger thehealth and safety of employees.

ProcureHealth andsafetyConcrete Issues

DevelopissuesResearchKey
humanrightspharmaceutical sector

✓

✓

✓

✓

✓

35

Relations
withmedicalpersons

 Possible risks of taking illegal acts torequire creating data that gives advantage
in sales and promotion, falsifying data on
treatment and prescription.

✓

Relations withgovernments

Gov’ts withpoor humanrightsrecords

 Company’s support for public healthactivities in state/ local community may
be misused by government and those whohave a political agenda for political
purposes such as in propaganda.
 Possible risks of receiving improper
treatments due to development and exportof medicine as a national policy Possible risks of receiving improper
treatments due to promotion of genericproducts by governments

Relations withpatients

Health andsafety Taking positive actions towards the fightagainst counterfeit medicines Delay in reporting adverse drug reactions
and in conducing recalls may endanger
health and safety of patients.
 Risks of testing drugs without priorinformed consent of patients

✓

✓

✓

Discard✓Consume Possible risks of taking illegal acts torequire a smooth approval to approved
persons of manufacturing and selling(central governments and local
governments)

Transport

Relations with governments

Value chain
Manufacture

Relationswithapproved
persons

Society and government

Concrete issues

ProcureBribery
andcorruption

ConsumersinDevelopissuesResearch

Key human rights
pharmaceutical sector(continued)

✓

✓

✓

✓

✓

✓

✓

✓

✓

✓

✓

 Adverse drug reactions and wrong
prescriptions may endanger health andsafety of patients✓

 Potential damage on the environment by
discarding products improperly thatpatients do not use.

✓

36

✓

Others

Transport

Actions
pandemicto New pandemic virus may endanger
lives of people and deteriorate thepublic health of communities.
 Potential risks to business operations
due to social unrest and worsening
security concerns by pandemic✓✓ Potential risks that the international
community may not take proper
measures against transmitting
pandemic.
 Possible risks of lack of drugs andmedicines at a global level due toworldwide pandemic✓✓

Management of
medicalinformation ofpatients

 Possible risks of a leak of personal
data of patients, identification of
specific individuals, and illegal use ofdata of patients✓✓

Reference Source for Pharmaceutical Sector:
Access to Medicines Index. http://www.accesstomedicineindex.org/ (accessed February 25th 2014)37

DiscardManufacture

Value chain
ConsumeConcrete issues

ProcurePersonal
informationin

Develop

Public healthissuesResearchKey
humanrightspharmaceutical sector(continued)

5-8.

Apparel and Textiles

Key human rights issues inConcrete issues

SellCore operation / supply chain

Transfer Long working hours may be caused by (a) production
schedules that presuppose overtime work, as well as inattempting to meet delaines in the sewing process, (b)low wages not matching local standards of living, (c)piece-rate work, and (d) repair work of a large volume
of inferior products
 Rest days required by law may not be given, and limitsof overtime hours may not be regulated due toimproper labor management.

✓

✓

✓

✓

✓

Wages

 Pressure from buyers for cost reductions may result in
infringement of minimum wage legislation.
 Frequent revisions of minimum wages in somecountries may result in infringement of minimum
wage legislation.
 Risks that proper rewards for overtime hours are notpaid, caused by poor compliance with laws and poor
labor management.
 Proper rewards for productivity may not be paid.

✓

✓

✓

✓

✓

Healthandsafety Education on safety and health, including emergency
drills, first-aid drills, and handling instructions on
toxic chemical substances may not be conducted or
may not be conducted properly.
 Insufficient efforts to improve a harmful working
environment to heaths such as loud noise, vibration,
temperature, ventilation and exhaust may cause heathhazards.
 Risks of having pregnant women and young people
engage in dangerous or injurious work.
 Workers may not receive Personal Protection
Equipment (PRE) at dangerous and injurious working
places, thus being exposed to danger and harm.
 Workers may be exposed to danger and harm due tolack of inspection on facilities and machines requiredfor inspection.
 Workers may be exposed to danger and harm due tolack of proper inspection on safety equipment formachines and facilities, and on protection equipment.
 Workers may be exposed to danger and harm due toaging buildings, illegal construction and improper
provision of emergency exits and escape routes.

✓

✓

✓

38

DiscardManufacture

Working
hours

Use

Buy

Working
Conditions

Createapparel and textiles sector

Value chains

Key human rights issues in apparel

Concrete issues

SellCore operation / supply chain

Transfer

 Improper contents of rules of employment may
cause improper disciplinary measures andtreatments.

✓

✓

✓

✓

✓

Duringemployment
During work

 Risks of conducting an unequal recruitment andemployment that place limits on gender and age
 Gender and age inequality (discrimination
against female workers) in working conditions,training and promotion.
 Risks of being harassed with little regard fordiversity.
 Sexual minorities may be treated unequally.

✓

✓

✓

✓

✓

Diversity

Child labour

Minimumage Children under the minimum age may bepermitted to work without confirmation of theiridentification papers, or based on forged papers.

✓

✓

✓

Forced orcompulsory
labourForcedovertime

 Immigrant workers and foreign trainees in Japan
may be forced to do overtime work.
 Workers may be forced to work in labor
conditions that they do not agree with, and labor
contracts are not shown in a written format.
 Foreign trainees may be restricted on theirliberty, due to deprivation of Certificate of Alien
Registration (card), passport, and residence card,and forced deposits.
 Immigrants and refugees overseas may be forced
to work by being taken an advantage of theirvulnerabilities.

✓

✓

✓

Freedom of
association

Freedom of
association
andcollective
bargaining Companies may refuse formation of labor unions
and collective bargaining without any legitimate
reasons, and may give disadvantageous
treatment and dismissal to union members.
 Workers may get fired by reasons of a strike.

✓

✓

✓

✓

39

DiscardManufacture

Disciplinary
measuresUse

Buy

Working
Conditions

Createand textiles sector (continued)

Value chains

Key human rights issues in apparel

Concrete issues

Community✓✓

Discard✓Use

 Use of a large amount of water in tanneries anddyeing factories, and pollution of rivers by
inflows of toxic chemical materials may cause an
adverse impact on the local environment andheaths of the local residents living around in
those affected areas.

✓

Sell

Water stress✓

Transfer Efficient use of energy and reduction of CO2
emission. (climate change)

Manufacture

Globalwarming

Buy

Resources

Createand textiles sector (continued)

Value chains

✓

✓

✓

✓

 A large amount of water may be used during
production of raw materials such as cotton,cows, and natural rubber.

✓Protection of
bio-diversity

 Manufacturing wooden products may cause an
adverse impact on protection of forest
eco-systems.

✓

✓

✓

✓

Depletion ofnaturalresources Depletion of non-renewable natural resources
such as oil and gas
 Innovative and efficient product designs

✓

✓

✓

✓

✓

✓

✓

Waste
disposal Risks of leaving waste disposals and dumping
wastes illegally from not using proper agents.

✓

✓

✓

✓

✓

✓

✓

✓

Consumer Risks of harming the environment from making
less efforts to reduce wastes.
Relationswithconsumers

Health and
Safety Positive impact from changing consumer
preferences (e.g. promoting fair trade), andengaging in ethical marketing.

✓ Mitigating risks for consumers by enhancing
quality and safety of products

✓

✓

✓

✓

✓

✓

 Improvement of traceability of materials andproducts

✓

✓

✓

✓

✓

✓

 Insufficient exercises and effects of them.

✓

✓

✓

✓

✓

✓

40

✓

5-9.

Food

✓

✓

✓

✓

Discard✓Use・ Wage levels are lower than local
standard of living

Sell

Wages

Transport

・ Long working hours may be a burden at
manufacturing factories including thoseof supplirs and within logistics
networks that distribute the goods due
to low wages not matching local
standards of living, and piece-rate
work.

Manufacture

Working
hours

Value Chain
Buy

Workplaceconditions

Concrete issues

CreateCore operation / Supply chain

Key human rights issues in food sector✓✓

・ Proper wages are not paid to workers
due to application of piece-rate work・ Improper low wages in under TechnicalIntern Training Program
Health andsafety・ Risk of jeopardizing health and safetyof employees and workers in
production (including supply chain) andR&D processes, due to causes such as
mis-handling of chemical substances
and agri-chemicals, and inadequate
health and safety programs.

✓

・ Accidents during operation of vehicles
Discrimination

Employment

 Risk of discrimination during therecruitment process, based on race,
gender, religion, origins, sexual
orientation, disabilities, beliefs in local
employment.

✓

✓

✓

✓

✓

✓

✓

✓

✓

✓

✓

✓

✓

41

Concrete Issues

Value Chain
Manufacture

Transport

Sell Non-Japanese employees/workers may
not properly get access to safety
education because of language barriers.
 Insufficiency in safety trainings for
temporary employees/workers
 Temporary employees/workers may
suffer from precarious employment.

✓

✓

✓

✓

✓

✓

Assessment
andTreatment Risks of discriminatory assessment andtreatment based on race, gender, religion,
origins, sexual orientation, disability,
ethnicity, belief

✓

✓

✓

✓

✓

✓

Child labour－

 Child under the minimum labor age may
possibly be employed at suppliers of raw
materials
 There is a risk that children lose the rightto education.

✓

Forced orcompulsory
labour－ Production is often concentrated inparticular time periods, due toseasonality of products in our sectors.
Forced overtime work may be observedin the busiest periods.
 Risk of forced labour against immigrant
workers
 Risk that illegal immigrants may receive
inhumane treatment.
 Exploitation of technical intern trainees
and their involvement in dangerous work✓

Freedom of
association andcollective
bargaining

Conflict withlocal law

 Freedom of association and the rights ofcollective bargaining under international
human rights law may not be fully
ensured in countries in which unions are
not permitted, or unions are permitted but
poorly implemented.

✓

✓

42

DiscardBuy

During work

Discrimination

Use

CreateCore operation / Supply chain

Key human rights issues in food sector(Continued)

Society and government

Title to land

 Titles to the land of local people orindigenous groups may be ignored,
especially when constructing
factories.

Relations withgovernments

Bribery andcorruption✓✓

 Risk of deprivation of the rights oflocal people by enclosures ofagricultural lands✓✓ Bribes may be demanded of acompany when it expands its businessand develops a new store at the stageof obtaining approvals and licenses
for land acquisition, andmanufacturing.

✓

✓

43

Discard

Access to landUse

 Large-scale commercial agriculture,
fishery and forestry at suppliers of
raw materials increase risks ofdecrease in agricultural production
and fish hauls of small-scalecommunity operations
 Large-scale commercial agriculture
and forestry may also adversely
impact on access to water for thecommunity and local ecologicalsystems Culturally / historically / religiously
important sites for local communities
or indigenous people may bedamaged.
 A single crop production (change tocash crops) may cause a loss of foodself-sufficiency system.
 Construction of factories may cause
damage on the access right to water of
local people living in proximity withthem.
 Water risks due to climate change

Sell

Use of natural
resources

Transport

Resources

Manufacture

Community

Value Chain
Buy

Concrete Issues

CreateKey human rights issues in food sector(Continued) Risks of leading consumers(especially young people) to wrong
food eating habits due to impropermarketing.

✓

Quality control

 Risks of harming the health of
consumers when quality control is not
fully practiced.
 Intentional quality obstruction-

 Risks of leaking personal information
gained through consumer campaigns,
mail order sales, and member
registration

Privacy
Protection

✓

✓

✓

✓

✓

✓

✓

Reference Source for Food and Retail Sector:
Access to Nutrition Index. http://www.accesstonutrition.org/ (accessed February 25th 2014)44

DiscardResponsible
marketing

Use
✓

Sell

 Risks to consumer health frominadequate labelling Incorrect understanding of consumers
on food caused by insufficient
provision of knowledge on food for
consumers

Transport

Provision ofproperinformation

Health and safety

Manufacture

Consumer

Value Chain
Buy

Concrete Issues

CreateKey human rights issues in food sector(Continued)

5-10.

Paper and Printing

5.10.1.

Paper Sector

 Potential risks in relation to workplace
accidents when employees are engaged in
logging or operating heavy machinery

✓

✓

✓

Discrimination

During work Workers may be subject to lack of equal
opportunity for education, training andpromotion due to gender discrimination
or/and nationality discrimination

✓

✓

✓

Resources

Use ofnaturalresources

 In term of forest resources, the rights ofindigenous people and local communities
may not be fully considered. Especially inthe case where a company purchases
woodchips rather than sawing fromcompany-owned forests, there may bepossible risks of the company being
involved in human rights violations related
to logging.
 Forest biodiversity may not be fully
considered.

✓

✓

✓

Access to land

Title to land

 Lack of formal tenure arrangements, or
tenure based on historical use rather thandocumentation can lead to traditional rights
being overlooked.

✓

DiscardTransport

Health andsafetyUse

Manufacture

Workplaceconditions

Sell

Buy

Core operation/ Supply chain

Value chain

Community

Concrete issues

CreateKey human rights issues in paper
sector✓45

5.10.2

Printing Sector
Value chain
Sell

✓

✓

✓

Health andsafety Risks to workers for facing printing press
accidents
 Potential cancer risks caused by using chemicalmaterials in enclosed spaces with inadequate
ventilation, and in printing factories.
 Risks of health hazards and water pollution due
to a leak of chemical substances.

✓

DiscriminationDuringwork

 Foreign workers may be subject to lack ofhealth and safety education due to language
barriers.
 Foreign workers may receive unfair treatment
in wages.

✓✓Child labour－ There could possibly be child labour within the
supply chain (at subcontractors, and Asian
factories where products for give-away
campaigns are made)✓Forced orcompulsory
labourForcedovertimework

 A decrease in printing demand causes a
decrease in printing facilities. During thebusiest times of the year such as the end of theyear, facilities become full of workers. Under
this circumstance, there are more risks ofovertime work, temporary firing including
foreign workers, and firing.

✓

✓

✓

Prisonlabour Prison labour (known as “keimusagyo”(“prison industry”) in Japanese) may be used
and workers may not receive adequate payment(*). However, printing business that use prison
labour and offers printing services at half priceis emerging. It is expected that printing orderfrom private sectors will decrease. It isnecessary for an industry organization andprivate companies to observe a market
movement of prison labor.

✓

✓

46

DiscardTransport

 Risks around working long hours in sales andmarketing, in the factory, at suppliers andsubcontractors.

Use

Manufacture

Workinghours

Workconditions

BuyCore operation/ Supply chain

Concrete issues

CreateKey human rights issues in printing
sector

Concrete issues

Value chain

Buy

Manufacture

Transport

Sell

Use

DiscardConsumer

Relationswithcustomers

Protection
and storageof personaldata In a changing situation of management systemof personal information such as implication ofnational identification number, there may
possibly risks of a leak of personal data that theprinting sector dealing with it faces.
 It is anticipated that a new business model inthe printing sector will accelerate a pricedecline and grow in the market. There may
possible risks of delays of dealing withmanagement of personal information and risksof poor checks of printing records by businessmodels placing price priority.

✓

✓

✓

✓

✓

✓

Community

CreateKey human rights issues in printing
sectorNaturalresources

Use ofnaturalresources There is a need to investigate suppliers for thelegitimacy of wood that is raw materials forpapers.

✓* The use of prison labour is facilitated by national policy in Japan. This means that the issue is not limited to theprinting sector, and could potentially relate to all sectors.

47

5-11.

Consulting and Auditing

5.11.1.

Key value chains in Consulting and Auditing sector

Create: research and development, investigation, audit planning
Buy: outsourcing to external cooperating companies, procurement of machine/equipment/raw
materials and office space, IT procurement (hardware, software, indirectly procured data
center, raw materials, electronic power, fuels, and water), transport services (railroads, taxies,
airplanes, hotels), intellectual assets (books and paid reports)
Produce: program planning, proposing, investigative reports, audit planning and preparing
Sell: sales/marketing/consignment (person to person and internet), offering of consulting andauditing services
Use: transport services, event and training space, various online services
Discard: depreciation/amortization48

5.11.2.

Potential human rights issues in the specified products and services, relevant value chains

Core operation/ Supply chain

✓

✓ ✓ ✓

DiscardUse

Sell Risks of exposing employees to excessive work under the nameof offering services to clients

Manufacture

Working
hours

Value Chain
Buy

Workplaceconditions

Concrete issues

CreateKey human rights issues in business
operations of one’s company inconsulting and auditing sector

 Work has the self-contained nature. Thus, employees may
over-work to complete when doing a work that instructions ofcompanies and supervisors are not involved.
Wages

 Proper overtime wages to excessive work and long working hours
may not be paid.

✓

✓ ✓ ✓

Health andsafety Long working hours and excessive stress due to uniquecharacteristics of work may cause health problems and mental
health problems

✓

✓ ✓ ✓

 Progression of diseases by non-health check-ups
 Safety risks when entering and leaving working places of clients
 Long travelling hours and distances may cause a heavy burden on
mental and physical heaths and may expose employees to risks ofbeing involved in accidents.
Discrimination

Duringemployment

 Contract and temporary employees may be hired without being
appropriately assessed.

✓

✓ ✓ ✓

During work

 Risks of discriminatory treatment in training, assignment,
assessment and promotion based on race, gender, sexual
orientation, religion, and culture, because a project team consistsof multi-national members

✓

✓ ✓ ✓

✓ ✓ ✓

 Female workers may face discriminatory treatment in training,assignment, assessment and promotion after taking maternity
leave.

Community

Resources

Society andgovernment

 Temporary employees may be forced to do a non-contractual
work

Relations withgovernments

Redundancy
and dismissal

 Uunreasonable pressure aiming for redundancy may be given to
temporary employees.

✓

Use ofnaturalresources

 Risks of using papers made from illegal logging in a businessworkplace.

✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓Bribery andcorruption

 Brides may be used when making a contract

 Electronic power is needed to use IT instruments for business
operation✓✓ ✓ Risks of losing fairness of contents of audits and reports due tobribery.

49

Value Chain

Core operation/ Supply chain
Community
Society andgovernment

Relationswithgovernments

Relations to stateswith poor humanrights record

 Some countries where client companies are operating orcompanies consider entering markets may have poor
understanding of human rights. Investment, sales of goods
and services, taxes through providing a service to the clientcompanies in those countries may cause deterioration ofhuman rights abuses.

Discard In supply chains of client companies, in the case that therelevant issue is occurring in client companies, providing aservice to them may cause deterioration of it indirectly.

Use

Voluntary
relocation-consultation andcompensation

Sell

Title to land

Manufacture In supply chains of client companies, in the case that therelevant issue is occurring in client companies, proving aservice to them may cause deterioration of it indirectly.

Child Labour

Buy

Dangerous workand employment

Concrete issues

CreateKey human rights issues in business
operations of client companies in consulting
and auditing sector✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ An inappropriate audit may cause auditing companies tooverlook the occurrence of child labour.
Forced orcompulsory
labourDeposits andpapers In supply chains of client companies, in the case that therelevant issue is occurring in client companies, providing aservice to them may cause deterioration of it indirectly.

✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ An inappropriate audit may cause auditing companies tooverlook the occurrence of forced labour.
✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓✓ ✓ ✓ An inappropriate audit may cause auditing companies tooverlook the occurrence of child labour.

50

6.

List of the participants in the 2015 Workshop (First Section)

Company

Hirokazu AsanoManager, CSR planning Group, CSR Office, Asahi Glass Co., Ltd.

Yoshitaka Doi

Assistant Manager, CSR planning Group, CSR Office, Asahi Glass Co., Ltd.

George Yoshimoto

General Manager, CSR Sustainability Department
Global Legal & Compliance Division, ASICS Corporation,

Youzou Nakao

Associate General Manager, CSR Dept, Ajinomoto Co., Inc.

Yoichiro Joe Yano

Executive Officer, Principal, Strategy Business Unit, Business Strategy Sector
Abeam Consulting Ltd.

Yasuyuki Morita

Group Manager, Corporate Planning Office CSR Group,
Corporate Planning Group, ALPS ELECTRIC CO., LTD.

Rie Ando

Corporate Planning Office CSR Group, ALPS ELECTRIC CO., LTD.

Masahiko Dohi

Senior Manager, Corporate Communication Dept.
CSR・CS Promotion Team & Legal Dept., Anritsu Corporation

Shinya Osawa

Senior Manager, CSR・CS Promotion Team Corporate Communication Dept.
Anritsu Corporation

Hiroshi Maeda

President, Environment Quality Management Technical Laboratory Limited

Yumiko Imai

Senior Manager, Public Relations and CSR Unit General Affairs Department,
SG Holdings Co., Ltd.

Shigenori Shiba

Assistant Manager, Public Relations and CSR Unit General Affairs Department,
SG Holdings Co., Ltd.

Toshimichi Nishi

Product Manager, System & Services Certification Management Systems Cert.,
SGS Japan Inc.

Shigeto Iccho

Sales Dept. Systems & Services Certification, SGS Japan Inc.

Kazuhiko Ozeki

Manager Csr Dept. Csr Div. Csr & Compliance Office, Olympus Corporation

Ryotaro Hanayama

Manager, Procurement Division Procurement Planning Department
Manufacturing Group, Olympus Corporation

Noriaki Kimura

Section Manager, CSR Promotion Office,General Affairs & Personnel Department, CASIO COMPUTER CO., LTD.

Shin Kubokawa

CSR Promotion Office, General Affairs & Personnel Department,
CASIO COMPUTER CO., LTD.

Tatsuya KatoManager, CSR Division, General Affairs Group, Kawasaki Kisen Kaisha, Ltd.

Atsuko Kakihara

Senior Manager, CSR Department Corporate Planning Division,
Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Ltd.

Shinobu Sakurai

CSR Department, Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Ltd.

Daichi Maeda

Sales&Consulting Div., Casley Consulting, Inc.

Hisatoshi Yanagihashi Kewpie Corporation
Katsumi Kanno

Kewpie Corporation

Eiichiro Mitsui

Kyodo Printing Co., Ltd.

51

Sohei Motoyama

Head CSR Public Affairs, Sanofi K.K.

Kazunao Tohge

CSR Expert, Corporate Communications Department, JCB Co., Ltd.

Yasunori Uesugi

General Manager, Corporate Social Responsibility & Public Relations Dept.
Management Support Center, Nippon Steel & Sumikin Engineering Co., Ltd.

Misa Hatakeyama

Associate Director, CSR Department, Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd.

Toshimasa Tanaka

Senior Advisory Staff, Corporate Planning, Duskin Co., Ltd.

Yasutaka Sakayoshi

Corporate Planning Advisory Staff, Duskin Co., Ltd.

Kazunao Sato

Senior Consultant, Deloitte Tohmatsu Consulting LLC

Mayo Mukai

Consultant, Deloitte Tohmatsu Consulting LLC

Tomoko Sasaki

Chief Specialist CSR Office, Toshiba Corporation

Tokiko Soma

Chief Specialist CSR Office, Toshiba Corporation

Shuji Sonezaki

Manager, ESG Promotion Sect. ESG Promotion Dept., TOTO Ltd.

Eriko Takahashi

ESG Promotion Sect. ESG Promotion Dept., TOTO Ltd.

Kyouko Hirata

West Japan Railway Company

Masano Imohara

Intellectual Property Management, Nichirei Corporation

Hisato Imokawa

Vice President, Business Development and Corporate Strategy,
Japan Tobacco Inc.

Yukiko Seto

Senior Manager, CSR Division, Japan Tobacco Inc.

Masaki Omori

Senior Manager, CSR Division, Japan Tobacco Inc.

Kengo Sato

Assistant, Group General Manager, Corporate Social Responsibility Division
Nippon Express Co., Ltd.

Naoko Morizane

Department Manager, CSR Promotion and Social Contributions Office Corporate
Communications Division, NEC Corporation

Hiroshi Yoshino

NEC Corporation

Kazue Kosugi

Manager, CSR Coordination Team Corporate Communication and CSR GroupManagement Planning Headquarters, Nippon Yusen Kaisha Line

Terry Takasaki

Manager, HR Coordination Team (Office for Corporate Citizenship) Human
Resources Group General Affairs Headquarters, Nippon Yusen Kaisha Line

Hideki Tomita

Manager, Marketing & Communications Division Corporate Affairs Group
Stakeholder Relations Section, Nestlé Japan Ltd.

Takeo Nakazawa

Manager, Corporate Communications Department,
Nomura Research Institute, Ltd.

Yurika Kubota

Assistant Manager, CSR Promotion Department CSR and Environmental Strategy
Division, Hitachi,Itd.

Toshihiko Hoshino

Senior Expert, CSR Group Corporate Planning Div.,
FUJIFILM Holdings Corporation

Mari Kojima

Manager, CSR Group Corporate Planning Div., FUJIFILM Holdings Corporation

Masahiro SatoManager, Global CSR Office, legal Affairs Department, Mizuno Corporation

Seiji Yamagishi

General Manager, CSR Dept., Sumitomo Mitsui Banking Corporation

Takanobu Suehiro

Senior Vice President, CSR Dept., Sumitomo Mitsui Banking Corporation

52

Shinichiro Uryu

Manager, Corporate Social Responsibility Group, Corporate Communication
Department, Business Strategy Office, Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd.

Anna Tateno

Corporate Social Responsibility Group, Corporate Communication Department
Business Strategy Office, Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd.

Azumi Nishizawa

Corporate Social Responsibility Group, Corporate Communication Department
Business Strategy Office, Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd.

Makiko Yamazoe

Business Strategy Consulting Group, Mitsubishi Research Institute, Inc.

Hiroki Sugishita

Business Strategy Consulting Group, Mitsubishi Research Institute, Inc.

Yasuhiro Matsuda

Senior Specialist, CSR Promotion Section Social Environment Department
Sustainability Management Division, RICOH Company, Ltd.

Yoji Ushio

Manager, Corporate Division Human Resources Department ER Promotion
Section, RICOH Company, Ltd.

Supporting Companies

Hiro Motoki

President, E-Square Inc.

Kayo Hirai

Consulting Group Manager, E-Square Inc.

Goto Takashi

President, Sustainability Communication Hub., Ltd.

Yoshihiko Yamabuki

General Manager, Cetus & General Press Inc.

Sadafumi Ueki

Chief of a innovative CSR planning section, Cetus & General Press Inc.

Hidenori Imazu

Toppan Editorial Communications Co., Ltd.

Yoshimasa Nakamura Managing Director, Brain Center Inc.
Mochizuki MieiBrain Center Inc.

Observers

Hiromu Murata

General Affairs Headquarters, Contract Evaluation Department, Procurement
Screening Team Director, Central Nippon Expressway Company Limited

Hiroyuki Watari

Corporate Strategy Headquarters, Corporate Strategy Department, Corporate
Strategy Team Manager, Central Nippon Expressway Company Limited

Private（2 companies 1 organization, 2 administration ）53NGO/NPO, subject experts

Yoko Doi

Fundraising Coordinator, Amnesty International Japan

Ippei Torii

President, Solidarity Network with Migrants Japan

Yukiko Omagari

Deputy Secretary General, Solidarity Network with Migrants Japan

Kaoru Takahashi

Executive Director, Water Aid Japan

Junichi Mishiba

Executive Director, Friends of the Earth Japan

Hitoshi Suzuki

President, Institute for International Socio-Economic Studies

Naomi Endo

Chief Fellow, Global Business Research Department,
Institute for International Socio-Economic Studies

Yukiko Furuya

Representative, Consumer Conference for Sustainability

Kiyoko Takahashi

Programme Specialist, Gender Action Platform

Asako Osaki

Advocacy Specialist, Gender Action Platform

Mariko Saito

Programme Specialist, Gender Action Platform

Masaru Arai

Chair, Japan Sustainable Investment Forum

Akira Harada

Director, Japan Tropical Forest Action Network

Takayuki Nakatsuka

Steering Committee Member, Japan Tropical Forest Action Network

Yumiko Horie

Advocacy Manager, Save the Children Japan

Miki Morimoto

Programme Officer, Child Rights and Business International Programme,
Save the Children Japan

Toyoyuki Kawakami

Japan Representative, Rainforest Action Network

Hiroki Fujita

Executive Director, RainbowACTION

General Opinions

Makoto Teranaka

Lecturer, Faculty of Contemporary Law, Tokyo Keizai University

Kenichi Kumagai

Public Relations, The ILO Association of Japan

Saul Takahashi

Japan, Korea & Pacific Islands Researcher & Representative,
Business & Human Rights Resource Centre

54

Contributors
From 1 company, 1 organisation, and 1 university
We gratefully acknowledge for their insights on our Draft Version for Public Consultation.
(in alphabetical order)Kyoto Harada, Cetus & General Press Inc.



Michio Ito, President & CEO, Asian Community Center 21

Students from the Department of Business and Technology Management, Graduate School of
Economics, Kyushu University (43 students)
Kouta Kashiwada, Takafumi Shiga, Yoshiki Sonoda, Hiroki Aoki, Ken Araki, Takurou Araki,
Chie Ariyoshi, Haeng-eun Lee, Makoto Inoue, Tetsuo Ogawa, Hiromi Ogawa, Minghua Qiao,
Yasunobu Kiryuu, Tatsuya Komura, Hitonari Gondou, Syunsuke Sakuma, Takuya Syoujima,
Yasuhito Shimokawa, Kyouhei Shimoda, Zhang Jie, Chen Jinping, Ding Yanjun,
Syouhei Terada, Makoto Nakashima, Takayoshi Nagasuga, Setsuko Hasuike, Hideto Higaki,
Taichi Hidaka, Takuto Hirao, Shingo Fukushima, Ryouhei Fujiyama, Takanori Furuta,
Michikazu Mieno, Eriko Mizobe, Kouichi Miyahara, Tomoyuki Mori, Yukie Mori, Kentarou
Morinaga, Mariko Yamamoto, Takaaki, Yoshitake, Takashi Yoshimatsu, Kazuyuki Wakiyama
Jonathan Wright55