Rice Monitoring from Space ?

Thuy Le ToanCESBIO, Toulouse, FranceThe GEORICE ProjectTowards Operational Rice Monitoring
Benjamin Koetz

Thuy Le Toan, Phan Thi Hoa
Alexandre Bouvet
Lam Dao Nguyen, VNSC

Sandrine DanielImportance of rice monitoring in SE Asia
 Rice is the staple food for more than half of humanity - with 90%of the world crop grown and consumed in Asia. .
 The high population growth rate in Asia together with theapproaching limits of land use and enhanced climate change,
are impacting:- food security, tensions in rice markets- water resources- GHG, biodiversity, forest conservation…
Accurate and timely information is needed for ricemonitoring, and satellite remote sensing can meetrequirements at local to global scales
The Asia-Rice/GEOGLAM initiative

EO for rice monitoringo Among EO data, SAR data have been proved efficient for ricemonitoring since late 80’s , but applications have been hampered bylack of systematic and cost effective datao Sentinel-1 represents unpreceding opportunity for operational ricemonitoring applications
o R&D Demonstrator projects were urgently needed with the launch ofSentinel-1 in April 2014

The GEORICE projectThuy Le Toan, GEOSS-AO, Tokyo, 11-13 January 2017

GEORICE: Towards Global Earth Observation of RiceESA Contract No. 4000113388/15/I-NB

Programme

Data User Elements (DUE)

Type

Service Demonstrator

Duration

1 March 2015-1 March 2017

Prime
Contractor

Université PaulSabatier/CESBIO

Subcontractor

Capgemini, France

Collaborators

VN Satellite Technology andApplications; The Univ. An Giang

Target UsersGEOGLAM/Asia-RICE
Ministry of Agriculture and RuralDevelopt, VNProjectManagerThuy Le Toan, CESBIOESA POC

Benjamin Koetz

Sentinel-1 covers the Earth every 6/12/24 days

6 / 10Here comes Sentinel-1

6 October 2014
Every 12 days except few gaps
6 days with Setinel-1B since 1 Oct 2016
Thuy Le Toan, GEOSS-AO, Tokyo, 11-13 January 2017

From S1 data to user products
Rice monitoring products
Rice area, rice cropping density, growth status

Users

Temporal scale

Spatial scale

GEOGLAM/Asia
Rice

Monthly reporting

National to global

National agencies

Monthly to yearlyCommune, district, province,country

Farmer groups

NRT (on ITplatform)

Village, commune, district, province

Thuy Le Toan, GEOSS-AO, Tokyo, 11-13 January 2017

GEORICE Workplan
User Inputs
User Input- Region of interest- Period of interest

Processing chain

Data AccessSentinel-1 IW, VV&VH

Products
Preprocessing

Image inter-calibration
GeocodingMultitemporal/spatial
filtering

Rice map Near Real Time

When: After data acquisition

Asia-RiceGEOGLAM&National Users

Rice map per season

When: mid to end of season

Ground data
-Rice/Non rice

samples- Phenological stages

Rice Mapping

Cropping density map
When: end of season

Estimation ofphenological stages

When: mid to end of season

Deviation fromnormal conditions

When: during the season

Phenological stages map

Maps of anormaly

Accuracy
Assessment

Research needed for method development
1. To understand the S1 response of rice fields with- specific frequency, polarisations , incidence angle- diversity of rice ecosystems over 250x250 km scenes
2. To exploit dense time series of data (12 or 6 days)
3. To develop methods for mapping of rice grown areas,
monitoring of phenological stages, growth anomaly
4. To deal with large amount of data (at 20 m resolution)
5. To derive useful and timely information to users

Thuy Le Toan, GEOSS-AO, Tokyo, 11-13 January 2017

In situ data needed for method training
Survey by the University of An Giang
In collaboration with the VN Satellite
Technology and Applications (STAC)
and CESBIO
General:Day of sowing
Rice varieties
Planting density
Harvest date
Rice Yield
Detailed:
HeightBiomass
LAI
Growth stage
Water management
Plant description (dimensions)Travauxréalisés EO measurements
Understanding
60 rice fields in An Giang province
65 aquisition-dates from 06/10/14 to
06/12/16

VH backscatter at 30-45° of incidence( Sentinel-1 IW mode)Understanding EO measurements
60 rice fields in An Giang province
65 aquisition-dates from 06/10/14 to
06/12/16

VV backscatter at 30-45° of incidence( Sentinel-1 IW mode)Understanding EO measurements
60 rice fields in An Giang province
65 aquisition-dates from 06/10/14 to
06/12/16

Vegetative
Reproductive
Ripening

VH/VV backscatter at 30-45° of incidence( Sentinel-1 IW mode)S1 time series of rice fields
Examples of RGB combinations of different dates of Sentinel-1 over rice
fields in the An Giang province

10/01/2015
VH

Can we provide rice phenology for field management
and production models ?
Solar Radiation
Needed: Temperature

Water
Panicle formation:
Number of Grains

Tillering stage:
Number of Panicles

Water
Solar Radiation
Grain Filling Stage:
Weight of Grains

Rice monitoring
Mappingresults
rice development(GEORICE) stageMap and Statistics
Maps and statistics

By March 2016:
1,39 M ha of rice
grown area
The prevision of theMinistry of Agriculture
And Rural Development
For Winter-Spring rice
1.56 M ha

Winter-Spring 2016

Frequent mapping for field management, statistics,
and production indicators
Cartographie du riz parsaison

30/12/2016

Seasons 1, 2, 32015

Seasons 1, 2, 32016

 Every 12 (6) days mapping Statistics per season
 Detection of changes (due to El Nino, 2015-2016)

Reduced area in 2016 caused by shortage of water andsaline water intrusion
Winter-Spring 2015

Winter-Spring 2016

276000 ha less in 2016 compared to 2015 ( 1.39 M ha vs 1.67 M ha)

Reduced area in 2016 caused by shortage of water andsaline water intrusion
Winter-Spring 2015

Winter-Spring 2016

276000 ha less in 2016 compared to 2015 ( 1.39 M ha vs 1.67 M ha)No rice in 2016, floodedfields
No rice in 2015,
because of drought2015

Rice season 3

R: S3- 2015
G: S3- 2016
B: S3- 20152016

Mappingat country
scale scale
Mappingat country

Mapping at country scale
Winter-Spring Rice 2016

Thai Binh

Winter-Spring Rice 2016

Quy Nhon

Phu YenWinter-Spring Rice 2016

Quy NhonWinter-Spring Rice 2016

An Giang

GEORICE implementation

Tech4EarthGEORICE application

Application Store

Users Community

Service Platform:
geospatial handling,data management

Services
1011

Big Data
Architecture for
Data Processing

0011101
01001101
10101100
1011

Processing engines
for analysis in nearreal time

Data Lake
Sentinel-1
imagesCollect
External
data

Satellitedata

User
data

Data Hub, to collect,ingest and archivedataUser workshops for project presentation, result evaluationand training
CanTho workshop, 24-25 October 201629 / 10Strategic Issues to bring R&D results into operation
1. User requirement issues
Convince and involve the ‘real’ users and develop methods to meet theirrequirements (Institutions, Ministeries..)
2. Information sharing and Coordination issues
 Promote development and cross validation on different sites,different countries
 Promote coordination of supported projects
3. Sustained support issues
 Promote support from institutions such as, ADB, UN-ESCAP, MRC,CEOS, and GEO, and contribution/endorsement from national
monitoring systems
30 / 10