APCV2017

Yumiko Fujii, Masahiko Morita, and Hiromi Morita, University of Tsukuba, Japan.
In the human visual system, diﬀerent attributes are processed separately.
Then the attributes of an object are integrated to elicit a response.
Based on the paired-attribute model
Color(Morita et al., 2010), Ishizaki et al.(2015)
suggested that bound feature pairs
are units of multi-attribute stimulus- Color-Shaperesponse association.

ShapeTexture

Color-Texture

Shape-Texture

Response

Our previous study conﬁrmed the superiority of color-shape pair in
learning multi-attribute Stimulus-Response mapping; Learning theassociation of a color-shape pair with a response is easier than that ofa color-location pair or a shape-location pair. However, there is no
signiﬁcant diﬀerence in performance of these mappings after
completion of learning the association. (We presented these results at APCV 2015.)

PurposeIs there a superiority of the color-shape pair in S-R mapping after completion oflearning?
→ We examined whether it is diﬃcult to recall a correct response, if the colorand shape or the color and location are presented separately.

Participants learn the mapping of 8 stimulus items to 4 response keys, and then are tested with Transfer blocks.

Mapping between stimuli and responses
Color

Shape Location

KeyLeft

AB
CD

Color

Shape Location

KeyRightA

RightParticipants

24 students aged 19-27 with normal or corrected vision.

DesignB

max: 13 blocks

Each participant performs twoblocks for three conditions

Left

about 4 ~ 8 blocks■ Combination of three
attributes is associatedwith a response key.

RightLeft

CD

ProcedureBD2 blocks

Condition

ACorrect
E2 blocks

Transfer blocks■ 1 block comprises 80 trials.

Press the correct key
Stimulus display
Until response

2 blocks

Learning blocks

RightLeft~ 5 blocks

Until the average percent correct responseof one block exceeds 80%

Learning blocks

Transfer blocks

CIncorrect�
correct key display*

UniﬁedIf participants cannot press any
key within the time limit (2.0s) ...

A color-shape pair anda color-location pair

■ *: In the Transfer blocks, the correct key is not presented.

Percent correct response
CS・L

100%

CL・S

**:p<.01

95%
90%
85%

＊＊

80%
75%
70%

UniﬁedLast

Learning block1st2nderror bar = SE，*:p<.05

4%
2%-4%

1600

n-1th item-8%-10%

Transfer block

＊

CS・CL

CS・L

（In the case of Uniﬁed)

CL・S

Signiﬁcant decline in transfer only for CL・S
(one-sample t test)

Attribute with thesame value for nthand n-1th items

Unless color and shape are derived from the same object, the rateof transfer declines. Separate presentation of color and location has
no eﬀect on the transfer.

CL・S*:p<.05

main eﬀect of block
＊

650
600
550
500
450400Last
UniﬁedLearning block

1st

2ndTransfer block＊+CS・CLCS・L
CL・SUniﬁed＊1200(Practice phase)

1000
800600ColorShapeColorShapeLocation Location

ShapeLocation

ColorAll threeattributes

nth itemerror bar = SE, ns:p>.10401400

＊＊＊

1200

0800
600-20nsns-60

CS・CL

ns

CS・L

CL・S

No signiﬁcant diﬀerence among all conditions(one-sample t test)

In every condition the response is elicited almost as fast as that in
the Uniﬁed condition.

CS・CL
CS・L
CL・S
Uniﬁed(Practice phase)

1000

20-40

1600

nth RT [ms]

700

CS・L

1st Transfer block minus
last Learning block
Normalized RT [ms](Transfer ー Learning)

Normalized RT [ms]

CS・CL

1400

＊＊＊
＊＊＊

error bar = SE，***:p<.001, **:p<.01, *:p<.05, +:p=.113
＊
＊＊＊
＊＊＊

Attribute pair

Normalized reaction timeLearning(CL・S)

Note: “All three attributes” is not included in the analysis.

-2%
-6%

(CS・L)

1st Transfer block and average of last three blocks of Practice phaseex.

0%

A color-location pair
and a shape singleton

Eﬀect of features of n-1th item on nth RT

nth RT [ms]CS・CL

Percent correct(Transfer ー Learning)

Percent correctLearning

1st Transfer block minus
last Learning block

A color-shape pair anda location singleton(CS・CL)

ColorColorShapeShape Location Location
Attribute with the same value
for nth and n-1th items

Last block of Trial-and-error phase
Note: “All three attributes” is not included in the analysis.

nth RT [ms]Press one offour keys(1.0s)

error bar = SE，*:p<.05, +:p<.08

1600+1400

＊

1200
1000
800600Color- Color- Shape- Shape Location Color All threeShape Location Location
attributes

Attribute with the same value for nth and n-1th itemsOnly after completion of learning, RT is shorter if nth item is presented
with the same color-shape as n-1th item.
Activation of connection from the color-shape pair to the response tends
to remain.

■ Spatially separate presentation of color and shape makes diﬃcult to recall
the response.
■ Activation of connection from the color-shape pair to the response
remains and aﬀects the subsequent response.

A neural net model modiﬁed fromthe one originally proposedby Ishizaki et al. (2015)

Color1

Color2

Shape1

Shape2

Location1

Location2

C1S1 C1S2 C2S1 C2S2 C1L1 C1L2 C2L1 C2L2 S1L1 S1L2 S2L1 S2L2→ In S-R mappings, color-shape pair is considered to play an importantrole compared to color-location or shape-location pair.
Response

A

Response

B

ResponseC

Response

D