Nikkei FT Communicable Diseases Conference
Asia Africa Medical Innovation Consortium (AMIC) AMR Consortium
Survey on identifying key messages to build understanding in the general public toward the threat of
antimicrobial resistance (AMR)

August 2022

For inquiries, please contact:

AMR Alliance Japan(Secretariat: Health and Global Policy Institute (HGPI)）
Otemachi Financial City, Grand Cube 3F
Global Business Hub Tokyo
1-9-2, Otemachi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo
100-0004 JAPANTEL: 03-4243-7156
FAX: 03-4243-7378
Info: info@hgpi.org
Website: https://www.amralliancejapan.org/en/Overview of findings

Survey overview⚫ Goals and objectives
To identify important messages for helping the general public in Japan understand the “the threat of AMR” in
Japanese to build awareness toward the threat of AMR and the risks of inappropriate antimicrobial and antibiotic
usage in a manner that will facilitate awareness-building activities.
To identify what types of messages will have the greatest influence for each of the various groups of the generalpublic, and to identify which communication channels will be best to use.

⚫ Survey design
This survey was conducted as a quantitative study via online questionnaire.

⚫ Participants
Random sampling was used to select 1,000 people representative of the total population of Japan in terms of age,sex, and region from the monitor panel of the research firm that conducted the survey.
Participants were 18 years of age or older and able to read and comprehend texts written in Japanese.

⚫ Survey period
December 2, 2021 to December 6, 2021

Source: Nikkei FT Communicable Diseases Conference Asia Africa Medical Innovation Consortium (AMIC) AMR Consortium (Secretariat: AMR Alliance Japan)
Survey on identifying key messages to build understanding in the general public toward the threat of antimicrobial resistance (AMR)

Key survey findings
1. Messaging can improve awareness among groups who were previously uninterested
Key messages must continue to be conveyed in a manner that enables each group to perceive AMR as an issue
that directly affects them

2. Younger people respond to data, while older people focus on personal impact
Messaging must take the characteristics of each generation into account

3. There are three messages all generations viewed as important(1) Global number of deaths (2) Depletion of therapeutics (3) Impact on elderly people

4. It is important that media used to communicate medical information (information sources)
feature explanations from healthcare professionals
It will be important for information to be disseminated by the entire medical community, not only physicians,
with participation from pharmacists and other paramedical personnel

Information on AMR in the environment, animals, and food
1. Interest in AMR in the environment increased with age
2. Respondents who felt that information on AMR in animals and food is important tended to havehigh interest in AMR in the environment
Source: Nikkei FT Communicable Diseases Conference Asia Africa Medical Innovation Consortium (AMIC) AMR Consortium (Secretariat: AMR Alliance Japan)
Survey on identifying key messages to build understanding in the general public toward the threat of antimicrobial resistance (AMR)

Recommendations for disseminating information
regarding AMR bacteria

Recommendations for disseminating information

regarding AMR bacteria (1)Messaging must take differences in interest among generations into account•Survey findings suggested messaging is an effective method of disseminating information, evenamong people who are not interested in AMR. In addition to past messaging efforts, it may benecessary to intensify messaging to build understanding among more citizens in the future.
•

Younger people may be less interested in AMR because they may find it difficult to recognize
AMR-related problems. It may be effective to use objective data in media that reaches younger
people, such as social networks.

•

When providing information to elderly people, it may be necessary to foster a sense ofimpending crisis toward AMR, such as by focusing on how AMR can affect personal health.

Source: Nikkei FT Communicable Diseases Conference Asia Africa Medical Innovation Consortium (AMIC) AMR Consortium (Secretariat: AMR Alliance Japan)
Survey on identifying key messages to build understanding in the general public toward the threat of antimicrobial resistance (AMR)

Recommendations for disseminating information

regarding AMR bacteria (2)The need for trust in healthcare professionals and education on AMR•

Responses regarding respondents’ preferred information channels showed that informationfrom healthcare professionals is considered highly reliable, so it may be necessary for not only

physicians but also pharmacists and other paramedical personnel to actively provide AMRrelated information.
•

One effective option may be to provide or expand education on AMR for healthcare
professionals to create a system in which healthcare professionals provide correct information
on AMR to patients and citizens.

Source: Nikkei FT Communicable Diseases Conference Asia Africa Medical Innovation Consortium (AMIC) AMR Consortium (Secretariat: AMR Alliance Japan)
Survey on identifying key messages to build understanding in the general public toward the threat of antimicrobial resistance (AMR)

Recommendations for disseminating information

regarding AMR bacteria (3)One Health•Interest in information related to AMR in the environment increased with age but did not matchinterest in environmental issues among younger respondents. This may be a sign they perceived

problems related to AMR in the environment as health issues rather than environmental ones.
These trends may also have been influenced by respondents’ past experiences with pollution or
drug-induced health incidents.

•

It may be possible to heighten interest in all aspects of One Health by disseminating information
on AMR in animals and food together with information on AMR in the environment.

•

Evidence for information on AMR in the environment, animals, and food is insufficient, so in
addition to building interest, it will also be important to communicate that there are many
unclear aspects of impact on human health and to provide adequate risk communication.

Source: Nikkei FT Communicable Diseases Conference Asia Africa Medical Innovation Consortium (AMIC) AMR Consortium (Secretariat: AMR Alliance Japan)
Survey on identifying key messages to build understanding in the general public toward the threat of antimicrobial resistance (AMR)Detailed survey findings

Demographic data (1)Item
Age
18 – 24
25 – 34
35 – 4445 – 54
55 – 64
65 and over
GenderFemaleMale
Declined to respond
Other
Educational history
Elementary school graduate
Middle school graduate
High school graduate
Continued education past high school
Employment type
Health professional
Not health professional
Has a relative that is a health professional
No
Yes

N
1,000

N = 1,000

79 / 1,000 (7.9%)
129 / 1,000 (12.9%)
169 / 1,000 (16.9%)
156 / 1,000 (15.6%)
149 / 1,000 (14.9%)
318 / 1,000 (31.8%)
1,000
506 / 1,000 (50.6%)
477 / 1,000 (47.7%)
13 / 1,000 (1.3%)
4 / 1,000 (0.4%)
1,000
3 / 1,000 (0.3%)
25 / 1,000 (2.5%)
354 / 1,000 (35.4%)
618 / 1,000 (61.8%)

1,000
60 / 1,000 (6.0%)
940 / 1,000 (94.0%)
1,000

Source: Nikkei FT Communicable Diseases Conference Asia Africa Medical Innovation Consortium (AMIC) AMR Consortium (Secretariat: AMR Alliance Japan)
Survey on identifying key messages to build understanding in the general public toward the threat of antimicrobial resistance (AMR)

909 / 1,000 (90.9%)
91 / 1,000 (9.1%)

Demographic data (2)Item
Place of residenceN

N = 1,000

1,000City designated by government ordinance

398 / 1,000 (39.8%)

Other602 / 1,000 (60.2%)

Health status

1,000

Healthy

637 / 1,000 (63.7%)

Currently receiving treatment for adisease291 / 1,000 (29.1%)

History of disease, including surgery

61 / 1,000 (6.1%)

Has experienced difficult-to-treat disease

11 / 1,000 (1.1%)

Resides with family members

1,000

No

208 / 1,000 (20.8%)

Yes792 / 1,000 (79.2%)

Annual income

1,000

2.5 million yen or below

542 / 1,000 (54.2%)

2.51 million to 5.5 million yen

303 / 1,000 (30.3%)

5.51 million to 8.5 million yen

101 / 1,000 (10.1%)

8.51 million yen or above

54 / 1,000 (5.4%)

Source: Nikkei FT Communicable Diseases Conference Asia Africa Medical Innovation Consortium (AMIC) AMR Consortium (Secretariat: AMR Alliance Japan)
Survey on identifying key messages to build understanding in the general public toward the threat of antimicrobial resistance (AMR)

(Reference) Messages respondents were asked to consider

2

Without further action, AMR infections could cause up to 10 million global deaths per year by 2050, which ismore than cancer
Estimates show AMR infections will cause 4.5 million deaths in the Asia-Pacific region in 2050

3

AMR infections are estimated to cause about 8,000 annual deaths in Japan4

It is estimated that AMR infections cause about the same number of deaths in Japan as COVID-19

5

AMR infections in immunocompromised people and elderly people are more likely to be fatal

1

6

AMR bacteria can be carried in people’s bodies and introduced to Japan from overseas
Fewer antimicrobials and antibiotics to treat AMR infections are being developed, and some people are7
concerned we will run out of treatment options in the future
8 There are situations in which the antimicrobials and antibiotics needed to treat AMR infections are unavailable
AMR bacteria are transmitted from person to person, so it is important we prevent this from occurring through9
hand washing, vaccines, and other countermeasures
Pets also carry AMR bacteria that can be transmitted to their owners, so it is important to prevent this by
10
avoiding excessive contact, hand washing, and proper waste disposal, especially for pets who live indoors

AMR bacteria are also present in livestock and can be transmitted to humans through food, so it is important tocook food thoroughly and take other general measures to prevent food poisoning
12 AMR bacteria that are present overseas may also be present in imported food products
13 Protecting human health from AMR bacteria means measures to protect the environment must also be taken
11

Antimicrobials and antibiotics used for people and animals and the AMR bacteria present in their bodies are
excreted bodily waste and released into the environment, such as in sewage
15 Difficult-to-treat AMR bacteria can be found in sewage
14

Source: Nikkei FT Communicable Diseases Conference Asia Africa Medical Innovation Consortium (AMIC) AMR Consortium (Secretariat: AMR Alliance Japan)
Survey on identifying key messages to build understanding in the general public toward the threat of antimicrobial resistance (AMR)

Messages considered most important by
each age groupYounger people (ages 18 – 24) emphasized data
No.

Messages3

AMR infections are estimated to cause about 8,000 annual deaths in Japan

2

Estimates show AMR infections will cause 4.5 million deaths in the Asia-Pacific region in 2050

1

Without further action, AMR infections could cause up to 10 million global deaths per year by 2050, which is more than cancer

7

Fewer antimicrobials and antibiotics to treat AMR infections are being developed, and some people are concerned we will run out of treatment
options in the future

10

Pets also carry AMR bacteria that can be transmitted to their owners, so it is important to prevent this by avoiding excessive contact, handwashing, and proper waste disposal, especially for pets who live indoors

4

It is estimated that AMR infections cause about the same number of deaths in Japan as COVID-19

11

AMR bacteria are also present in livestock and can be transmitted to humans through food, so it is important to cook food thoroughly and takeother general measures to prevent food poisoning

6

AMR bacteria can be carried in people’s bodies and introduced to Japan from overseas

15

Difficult-to-treat AMR bacteria can be found in sewage

12

AMR bacteria that are present overseas may also be present in imported food products

9

AMR bacteria are transmitted from person to person, so it is important we prevent this from occurring through hand washing, vaccines, andother countermeasures

5

AMR infections in immunocompromised people and elderly people are more likely to be fatal

13

Protecting human health from AMR bacteria means measures to protect the environment must also be taken

8

There are situations in which the antimicrobials and antibiotics needed to treat AMR infections are unavailable

14

Antimicrobials and antibiotics used for people and animals and the AMR bacteria present in their bodies are excreted bodily waste andreleased into the environment, such as in sewage

Source: Nikkei FT Communicable Diseases Conference Asia Africa Medical Innovation Consortium (AMIC) AMR Consortium (Secretariat: AMR Alliance Japan)
Survey on identifying key messages to build understanding in the general public toward the threat of antimicrobial resistance (AMR)Older adults (age 65 and over) were concerned withpersonal healthNo.

Messages

5

AMR infections in immunocompromised people and elderly people are more likely to be fatal

1

Without further action, AMR infections could cause up to 10 million global deaths per year by 2050, which is more than cancer

7

Fewer antimicrobials and antibiotics to treat AMR infections are being developed, and some people are concerned we will run out of treatment
options in the future

8

There are situations in which the antimicrobials and antibiotics needed to treat AMR infections are unavailable

10

Pets also carry AMR bacteria that can be transmitted to their owners, so it is important to prevent this by avoiding excessive contact, handwashing, and proper waste disposal, especially for pets who live indoors

14

Antimicrobials and antibiotics used for people and animals and the AMR bacteria present in their bodies are excreted bodily waste andreleased into the environment, such as in sewage

9

AMR bacteria are transmitted from person to person, so it is important we prevent this from occurring through hand washing, vaccines, andother countermeasures

12

AMR bacteria that are present overseas may also be present in imported food products

6

AMR bacteria can be carried in people’s bodies and introduced to Japan from overseas

3

AMR infections are estimated to cause about 8,000 annual deaths in Japan11

AMR bacteria are also present in livestock and can be transmitted to humans through food, so it is important to cook food thoroughly and takeother general measures to prevent food poisoning

15

Difficult-to-treat AMR bacteria can be found in sewage

13

Protecting human health from AMR bacteria means measures to protect the environment must also be taken

4

It is estimated that AMR infections cause about the same number of deaths in Japan as COVID-19

2

Estimates show AMR infections will cause 4.5 million deaths in the Asia-Pacific region in 2050

Source: Nikkei FT Communicable Diseases Conference Asia Africa Medical Innovation Consortium (AMIC) AMR Consortium (Secretariat: AMR Alliance Japan)
Survey on identifying key messages to build understanding in the general public toward the threat of antimicrobial resistance (AMR)

Messages considered important across all age groupsNo.

Messages1

Without further action, AMR infections could cause up to 10 million global deaths per year by 2050, which is more than cancer

7

Fewer antimicrobials and antibiotics to treat AMR infections are being developed, and some people are concerned we will run out oftreatment options in the future5

AMR infections in immunocompromised people and elderly people are more likely to be fatal

8

There are situations in which the antimicrobials and antibiotics needed to treat AMR infections are unavailable

3

AMR infections are estimated to cause about 8,000 annual deaths in Japan12

AMR bacteria that are present overseas may also be present in imported food products

9

AMR bacteria are transmitted from person to person, so it is important we prevent this from occurring through hand washing, vaccines, andother countermeasures

10

Pets also carry AMR bacteria that can be transmitted to their owners, so it is important to prevent this by avoiding excessive contact, handwashing, and proper waste disposal, especially for pets who live indoors

15

Difficult-to-treat AMR bacteria can be found in sewage

6

AMR bacteria can be carried in people’s bodies and introduced to Japan from overseas

2

Estimates show AMR infections will cause 4.5 million deaths in the Asia-Pacific region in 2050

4

It is estimated that AMR infections cause about the same number of deaths in Japan as COVID-19

14

Antimicrobials and antibiotics used for people and animals and the AMR bacteria present in their bodies are excreted bodily waste andreleased into the environment, such as in sewage

11

AMR bacteria are also present in livestock and can be transmitted to humans through food, so it is important to cook food thoroughly and takeother general measures to prevent food poisoning

13

Protecting human health from AMR bacteria means measures to protect the environment must also be taken

Source: Nikkei FT Communicable Diseases Conference Asia Africa Medical Innovation Consortium (AMIC) AMR Consortium (Secretariat: AMR Alliance Japan)
Survey on identifying key messages to build understanding in the general public toward the threat of antimicrobial resistance (AMR)

Reference: Messages considered important among
respondents ages 25 – 34
No.

Messages1

Without further action, AMR infections could cause up to 10 million global deaths per year by 2050, which is more than cancer

7

Fewer antimicrobials and antibiotics to treat AMR infections are being developed, and some people are concerned we will run out oftreatment options in the future3

AMR infections are estimated to cause about 8,000 annual deaths in Japan

8

There are situations in which the antimicrobials and antibiotics needed to treat AMR infections are unavailable

5

AMR infections in immunocompromised people and elderly people are more likely to be fatal

2

Estimates show AMR infections will cause 4.5 million deaths in the Asia-Pacific region in 2050

15

Difficult-to-treat AMR bacteria can be found in sewage

12

AMR bacteria that are present overseas may also be present in imported food products

11

AMR bacteria are also present in livestock and can be transmitted to humans through food, so it is important to cook food thoroughly andtake other general measures to prevent food poisoning

6

AMR bacteria can be carried in people’s bodies and introduced to Japan from overseas

4

It is estimated that AMR infections cause about the same number of deaths in Japan as COVID-19

10

Pets also carry AMR bacteria that can be transmitted to their owners, so it is important to prevent this by avoiding excessive contact, handwashing, and proper waste disposal, especially for pets who live indoors

9

AMR bacteria are transmitted from person to person, so it is important we prevent this from occurring through hand washing, vaccines, andother countermeasures

14

Antimicrobials and antibiotics used for people and animals and the AMR bacteria present in their bodies are excreted bodily waste andreleased into the environment, such as in sewage

13

Protecting human health from AMR bacteria means measures to protect the environment must also be taken

Source: Nikkei FT Communicable Diseases Conference Asia Africa Medical Innovation Consortium (AMIC) AMR Consortium (Secretariat: AMR Alliance Japan)
Survey on identifying key messages to build understanding in the general public toward the threat of antimicrobial resistance (AMR)

Reference: Messages considered important among
respondents ages 35 – 44No.

Messages3

AMR infections are estimated to cause about 8,000 annual deaths in Japan

7

Fewer antimicrobials and antibiotics to treat AMR infections are being developed, and some people are concerned we will run out oftreatment options in the future1

Without further action, AMR infections could cause up to 10 million global deaths per year by 2050, which is more than cancer

5

AMR infections in immunocompromised people and elderly people are more likely to be fatal

12

AMR bacteria that are present overseas may also be present in imported food products

2

Estimates show AMR infections will cause 4.5 million deaths in the Asia-Pacific region in 2050

9

AMR bacteria are transmitted from person to person, so it is important we prevent this from occurring through hand washing, vaccines, andother countermeasures

8

There are situations in which the antimicrobials and antibiotics needed to treat AMR infections are unavailable

15

Difficult-to-treat AMR bacteria can be found in sewage

10

Pets also carry AMR bacteria that can be transmitted to their owners, so it is important to prevent this by avoiding excessive contact, handwashing, and proper waste disposal, especially for pets who live indoors

6

AMR bacteria can be carried in people’s bodies and introduced to Japan from overseas

4

It is estimated that AMR infections cause about the same number of deaths in Japan as COVID-19

11

AMR bacteria are also present in livestock and can be transmitted to humans through food, so it is important to cook food thoroughly andtake other general measures to prevent food poisoning

14

Antimicrobials and antibiotics used for people and animals and the AMR bacteria present in their bodies are excreted bodily waste andreleased into the environment, such as in sewage

13

Protecting human health from AMR bacteria means measures to protect the environment must also be taken

Source: Nikkei FT Communicable Diseases Conference Asia Africa Medical Innovation Consortium (AMIC) AMR Consortium (Secretariat: AMR Alliance Japan)
Survey on identifying key messages to build understanding in the general public toward the threat of antimicrobial resistance (AMR)

Reference: Messages considered important among
respondents ages 45 – 54
No.

Messages1

Without further action, AMR infections could cause up to 10 million global deaths per year by 2050, which is more than cancer

5

AMR infections in immunocompromised people and elderly people are more likely to be fatal

7

Fewer antimicrobials and antibiotics to treat AMR infections are being developed, and some people are concerned we will run out oftreatment options in the future

9

AMR bacteria are transmitted from person to person, so it is important we prevent this from occurring through hand washing, vaccines, andother countermeasures

12

AMR bacteria that are present overseas may also be present in imported food products

13

Protecting human health from AMR bacteria means measures to protect the environment must also be taken

4

It is estimated that AMR infections cause about the same number of deaths in Japan as COVID-19

8

There are situations in which the antimicrobials and antibiotics needed to treat AMR infections are unavailable

14

Antimicrobials and antibiotics used for people and animals and the AMR bacteria present in their bodies are excreted bodily waste andreleased into the environment, such as in sewage3

AMR infections are estimated to cause about 8,000 annual deaths in Japan

15

Difficult-to-treat AMR bacteria can be found in sewage

11

AMR bacteria are also present in livestock and can be transmitted to humans through food, so it is important to cook food thoroughly andtake other general measures to prevent food poisoning

10

Pets also carry AMR bacteria that can be transmitted to their owners, so it is important to prevent this by avoiding excessive contact, handwashing, and proper waste disposal, especially for pets who live indoors

6

AMR bacteria can be carried in people’s bodies and introduced to Japan from overseas

2

Estimates show AMR infections will cause 4.5 million deaths in the Asia-Pacific region in 2050

Source: Nikkei FT Communicable Diseases Conference Asia Africa Medical Innovation Consortium (AMIC) AMR Consortium (Secretariat: AMR Alliance Japan)
Survey on identifying key messages to build understanding in the general public toward the threat of antimicrobial resistance (AMR)

Reference: Messages considered important among
respondents ages 55 – 64No.

Messages1

Without further action, AMR infections could cause up to 10 million global deaths per year by 2050, which is more than cancer

7

Fewer antimicrobials and antibiotics to treat AMR infections are being developed, and some people are concerned we will run out oftreatment options in the future

8

There are situations in which the antimicrobials and antibiotics needed to treat AMR infections are unavailable

15

Difficult-to-treat AMR bacteria can be found in sewage

12

AMR bacteria that are present overseas may also be present in imported food products

5

AMR infections in immunocompromised people and elderly people are more likely to be fatal

2

Estimates show AMR infections will cause 4.5 million deaths in the Asia-Pacific region in 2050

4

It is estimated that AMR infections cause about the same number of deaths in Japan as COVID-19

6

AMR bacteria can be carried in people’s bodies and introduced to Japan from overseas

14

Antimicrobials and antibiotics used for people and animals and the AMR bacteria present in their bodies are excreted bodily waste andreleased into the environment, such as in sewage

9

AMR bacteria are transmitted from person to person, so it is important we prevent this from occurring through hand washing, vaccines, andother countermeasures

10

Pets also carry AMR bacteria that can be transmitted to their owners, so it is important to prevent this by avoiding excessive contact, handwashing, and proper waste disposal, especially for pets who live indoors

13

Protecting human health from AMR bacteria means measures to protect the environment must also be taken

3

AMR infections are estimated to cause about 8,000 annual deaths in Japan11

AMR bacteria are also present in livestock and can be transmitted to humans through food, so it is important to cook food thoroughly andtake other general measures to prevent food poisoning

Source: Nikkei FT Communicable Diseases Conference Asia Africa Medical Innovation Consortium (AMIC) AMR Consortium (Secretariat: AMR Alliance Japan)
Survey on identifying key messages to build understanding in the general public toward the threat of antimicrobial resistance (AMR)

Reference: Each age group considered completely different
messages to be important
Differences in how each age group ranked which message left the deepest impression (top three are highlighted)
Message 3

Message 5

Message 2

Message 1

Message 1

Message 7

Message 7

Message 8

Message 10

Message 10

Message 4

Message 14

Message 11

Message 9

Message 6

Message 12

Message 15

Message 6

Message 12

Message 3

Message 9

Message 11

Message 5

Message 15

Message 13

Message 13

Message 8

Message 4

Message 14

Message 2

18 – 24

25 – 34

35 – 4445 – 54

55 – 64

Source: Nikkei FT Communicable Diseases Conference Asia Africa Medical Innovation Consortium (AMIC) AMR Consortium (Secretariat: AMR Alliance Japan)
Survey on identifying key messages to build understanding in the general public toward the threat of antimicrobial resistance (AMR)

65 and over

Antimicrobial-related knowledge

Questions on antimicrobial-related knowledge

Questions (True or false):
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.

Antimicrobials and antibiotics can cure coughs or the common cold
Antimicrobials and antibiotics can kill bacteria
Antimicrobials and antibiotics can kill viruses
If you feel better, it is okay to stop taking your prescribed antimicrobials or antibiotics partway through theprescribed period
Failure to follow prescription instructions will make the antimicrobials or antibiotics less effective in the future
It is okay to keep leftover antimicrobials or antibiotics and use them when you are feeling unwell, without
directions from a physician, nurse, or pharmacist
Diarrhea is a common side effect of antimicrobials and antibiotics

Source: Nikkei FT Communicable Diseases Conference Asia Africa Medical Innovation Consortium (AMIC) AMR Consortium (Secretariat: AMR Alliance Japan)
Survey on identifying key messages to build understanding in the general public toward the threat of antimicrobial resistance (AMR)Over 40% of responses to each question on antimicrobial-related knowledge were correct
GenderOverall
N = 983

Women
N = 506

Men
N = 477Age

18 – 24
N = 7325 – 34
N = 127

35 – 44
N = 164

45 – 54
N = 155

55 – 64
N = 149

65 and overN = 31560 (47%)78 (48%)74 (48%)80 (54%)143 (45%)80 (63%)102 (62%) 113 (73%) 111 (74%) 225 (71%)

568 (58%) 279 (55%) 289 (61%) 36 (49%)

78 (61%)96 (59%)Knowledge:
Stopping
794 (81%) 420 (83%) 374 (78%) 56 (77%)
treatment

103 (81%)135 (82%) 127 (82%) 125 (84%) 248 (79%)

Knowledge:
619 (63%) 321 (63%) 298 (62%) 40 (55%)
Compliance

72 (57%)96 (59%)889 (90%) 466 (92%) 423 (89%) 61 (84%)

116 (91%)

150 (91%) 136 (88%) 140 (94%) 286 (91%)

Knowledge:
546 (56%) 303 (60%) 243 (51%) 36 (49%)
Diarrhea

70 (55%)97 (59%)Variable
Knowledge:
463 (47%) 234 (46%) 229 (48%) 28 (38%)
Colds
Knowledge:
679 (69%) 359 (71%) 320 (67%) 48 (66%)
Bacteria
Knowledge:
Viruses81 (52%)101 (68%) 176 (56%)

100 (65%) 103 (69%) 208 (66%)

Knowledge:
Lack ofprescription

91 (59%)Source: Nikkei FT Communicable Diseases Conference Asia Africa Medical Innovation Consortium (AMIC) AMR Consortium (Secretariat: AMR Alliance Japan)
Survey on identifying key messages to build understanding in the general public toward the threat of antimicrobial resistance (AMR)

89 (60%)163 (52%)

However, under 20% of respondents answered all three questions on basic antimicrobial
knowledge correctly
Questions (True or false):
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.

Antimicrobials and antibiotics can cure coughs or the common cold
Antimicrobials and antibiotics can kill bacteria
Antimicrobials and antibiotics can kill viruses
If you feel better, it is okay to stop taking your prescribed antimicrobials or antibiotics partway through theprescribed period
Failure to follow prescription instructions will make the antimicrobials or antibiotics less effective in the
futureIt is okay to keep leftover antimicrobials or antibiotics and use them when you are feeling unwell, without
directions from a physician, nurse, or pharmacist
Diarrhea is a common side effect of antimicrobials and antibiotics

The correct response rate wasparticularly low among theyoungest group (18 – 24)

AgeOverall
N = 1,0001

18 – 24
N = 791

25 – 34
N = 1291

35 – 44
N = 1691

45 – 54
N = 1561

55 – 64
N = 1491

65 and overN = 3181

1. Correct

187 (18.7%)

4 (5.1%)19 (14.7%)

25 (14.8%)

31 (19.9%)42 (28.2%)

66 (20.8%)

3. Incorrect813 (81.3%)

75 (94.9%)

110 (85.3%)

144 (85.2%)

125 (80.1%)

107 (71.8%)

252 (79.2%)

N

Knowledge: Answered 1
through 3 correctly

1,000

1

Number of people and percentage who selected
answer

Source: Nikkei FT Communicable Diseases Conference Asia Africa Medical Innovation Consortium (AMIC) AMR Consortium (Secretariat: AMR Alliance Japan)
Survey on identifying key messages to build understanding in the general public toward the threat of antimicrobial resistance (AMR)Knowledgeable respondents also had high awareness toward issues

Question:With regards the topics addressed by the messages (Messages 1 through 15), how much of aproblem do you feel the topic addressed by each message is?
Please select the option that best fits your feeling toward each message (from 1 to 5, with 1 notbeing a problem at all and 5 being an extremely serious problem). (15 – 75 points total)

Answered first threequestions correctly

Awarenesstoward issues:
Total points

Responded to one ormore of first threequestions incorrectly

N = 1871

N = 8131

Difference2

95% CI2,3

p-value2

61.19 (9.20)

56.41 (10.41)

4.8

3.3, 6.3<0.001

1 Mean (SD)
2 Welch Two Sample t-test
3 CI = Confidence Interval

Source: Nikkei FT Communicable Diseases Conference Asia Africa Medical Innovation Consortium (AMIC) AMR Consortium (Secretariat: AMR Alliance Japan)
Survey on identifying key messages to build understanding in the general public toward the threat of antimicrobial resistance (AMR)

Awareness toward problems increased gradually with age

Average Scores (15 – 75 points total)

Summary of total scores
Age

MedianMean

Std. Dev.

18 – 24

52
53
54.5
56
58
62

52.9
54.2
55.9
56.5
58.1
60.7

9.55
9.71
10.5
10.8
9.5
9.66

25 – 34
35 – 4445 – 54
55 – 64
65 and over

Polyserial Correlation：0.27
Test of bivariate normality：p value <0.01

18 – 24

25 – 34

35 – 44Age

45 – 54

Source: Nikkei FT Communicable Diseases Conference Asia Africa Medical Innovation Consortium (AMIC) AMR Consortium (Secretariat: AMR Alliance Japan)
Survey on identifying key messages to build understanding in the general public toward the threat of antimicrobial resistance (AMR)

55 – 64

65 and overThe preferred source of healthcare-related information was “Explanations from healthcare
professionals”
Q3: When looking for healthcare-related information, which of the following media or sources of
information do you find most trustworthy? (Select one)
These results suggest social networks and similar services are used as supplementary sources of
information, and are not recognized as trustworthy sources of healthcare information.

n=1,000

Explanations from healthcare providers (physicians, pharmacists, nurses, etc.)
Other
Internet (does not include remote medical examinations, etc.)
TV
Family members
Healthcare institutions (posters, pamphlets, etc.)

Friends and acquaintances
Social networks
Newspapers

Source: Nikkei FT Communicable Diseases Conference Asia Africa Medical Innovation Consortium (AMIC) AMR Consortium (Secretariat: AMR Alliance Japan)
Survey on identifying key messages to build understanding in the general public toward the threat of antimicrobial resistance (AMR)

Disseminating messages on AMR can help improve awareness among people who
were originally indifferent
Question: Did you become more concerned toward the problem of AMR?
(After responding to each message)
Concern before respondingYes
N = 381No
N = 602No

1 (0.3%)129 (21%)

I became somewhat concerned

69 (18%)300 (50%)

I became concerned

105 (28%)

119 (20%)

I became very concerned

125 (33%)54 (9.0%)

I had already been concerned81 (21%)0 (0%)

Concern after responding

Source: Nikkei FT Communicable Diseases Conference Asia Africa Medical Innovation Consortium (AMIC) AMR Consortium (Secretariat: AMR Alliance Japan)
Survey on identifying key messages to build understanding in the general public toward the threat of antimicrobial resistance (AMR)

One Health：Awareness toward AMR in the environment

Approximately 60% of respondents were concerned about AMR in theenvironment“Are you concerned with the presence of AMR bacteria or
residual antimicrobials and antibiotics in theenvironment?” (Yes or no)n = 1,000

60.5 %

39.5 %No“Do you think the environment has been polluted byantimicrobials and antibiotics used in humans andanimals or AMR bacteria in a manner that will cause
problems?” (Yes or no)n = 1,000

58.9 %

41.1 %

Yes

No

Source: Nikkei FT Communicable Diseases Conference Asia Africa Medical Innovation Consortium (AMIC) AMR Consortium (Secretariat: AMR Alliance Japan)
Survey on identifying key messages to build understanding in the general public toward the threat of antimicrobial resistance (AMR)

YesConcern toward AMR in the environment increased with age“Are you concerned with the presence of AMR bacteria or
residual antimicrobials and antibiotics in theenvironment?”“Do you think the environment has been polluted byantimicrobials and antibiotics used in humans andanimals or AMR bacteria in a manner that will cause
problems?” (Yes or no)

Proportion that responded “Yes”

18 – 24

25 – 34

35 – 4445 – 54

55 – 64

Proportion that responded “Yes”

65 and over

18 – 24

25 – 34

35 – 44

Source: Nikkei FT Communicable Diseases Conference Asia Africa Medical Innovation Consortium (AMIC) AMR Consortium (Secretariat: AMR Alliance Japan)
Survey on identifying key messages to build understanding in the general public toward the threat of antimicrobial resistance (AMR)

45 – 54

55 – 64

65 and over

Messages on AMR in the environment: The item of greatest concern
was sewage, which is close to our daily lives
Where in the environment do you think the presence of AMR bacteria andresidual antimicrobials or antibiotics is a problem?
n = 1,000(Unit: People)

Overall,
N = 1000

700

600

Sewage603

Rivers361

500

Oceans

233

400

219

300

275

200

331

100

346

0

Agricultural
wastewaterIndustrial
wastewater
Hospital
wastewater

Soil
Air

254

1 下水
2 河川
3 海水
Sewage Rivers
Oceans

4 農業排水
5 産業排水
6 病院排水
7 土壌
Soil
Agricultural Industrial
Hospital
wastewater wastewater wastewater

Source: Nikkei FT Communicable Diseases Conference Asia Africa Medical Innovation Consortium (AMIC) AMR Consortium (Secretariat: AMR Alliance Japan)
Survey on identifying key messages to build understanding in the general public toward the threat of antimicrobial resistance (AMR)

8 空気
Air

One Health:Awareness toward AMR in animals and food
People who were highly concerned toward AMR in the environment also felt thatmessages regarding animals and food are also important

People who were concerned toward AMR in the environment said messages regarding
animals and food also left an impression
Messages that left an impression:
Pets also carry AMR bacteria that can be transmitted to their owners, so it is important to prevent this by avoiding
excessive contact, hand washing, and proper waste disposal, especially for pets who live indoors(Select “Yes” or “No”)

Was not concerned about AMR in theenvironment
Was concerned about AMR in
the environment

No

Yes

Source: Nikkei FT Communicable Diseases Conference Asia Africa Medical Innovation Consortium (AMIC) AMR Consortium (Secretariat: AMR Alliance Japan)
Survey on identifying key messages to build understanding in the general public toward the threat of antimicrobial resistance (AMR)People who were concerned toward AMR in the environment said messages regarding
animals and food also left an impression
Messages that left an impression:
AMR bacteria are also present in livestock and can be transmitted to humans through food, so it is important tocooking food thoroughly and take other general measures to prevent food poisoning(Select “Yes” or “No”)

Was not concerned about AMR in theenvironment
Was concerned about AMR in
the environment

No

Yes

Source: Nikkei FT Communicable Diseases Conference Asia Africa Medical Innovation Consortium (AMIC) AMR Consortium (Secretariat: AMR Alliance Japan)
Survey on identifying key messages to build understanding in the general public toward the threat of antimicrobial resistance (AMR)People who were concerned toward AMR in the environment said messages regarding
animals and food also left an impression
Messages that left an impression:
AMR bacteria that are present overseas may also be present in imported food products(Select “Yes” or “No”)

Was not concerned about AMR in theenvironment
Was concerned about AMR in
the environment

No

Yes

Source: Nikkei FT Communicable Diseases Conference Asia Africa Medical Innovation Consortium (AMIC) AMR Consortium (Secretariat: AMR Alliance Japan)
Survey on identifying key messages to build understanding in the general public toward the threat of antimicrobial resistance (AMR)

Those who expressed concern about environmental AMR said messages about animals
and food are also important“Are you concerned with the presence of AMR
bacteria, antimicrobials, and antibiotics in theenvironment?”(Yes or no)

Yes, N = 6051

No, N = 3951

“Do you think the environment has beenpolluted by antimicrobials and antibiotics
used in humans and animals or AMR
bacteria in a manner that will cause
problems?”(Yes or no)

Yes, N = 5891

Pets
Yes
No

Food poisoning
Yes
No
Food imports

Yes
No

Source: Nikkei FT Communicable Diseases Conference Asia Africa Medical Innovation Consortium (AMIC) AMR Consortium (Secretariat: AMR Alliance Japan)
Survey on identifying key messages to build understanding in the general public toward the threat of antimicrobial resistance (AMR)

No, N = 4111

Nikkei FT Communicable Diseases Conference Asia Africa Medical Innovation Consortium (AMIC) AMR Consortium (Secretariat: AMR Alliance Japan)
Health and Global Policy Institute (HGPI)
Tel: 03-4243-7156 Fax: 03-4243-7378 E-mail: info@hgpi.org