Application Notes

SPM Series
Energy-Saving Power Module Series／Small Power Module

Rev.1.0
Jul, 2014

OutlineThe SPM Energy-Saving Power Module Series is a series of energy-saving switching power modules with built-in
switching transformers, control ICs, control circuits and switching elements (FET).
Attaching the input noise filter, the input rectifier diode and the output smoothing capacitor externally enables theeasy creation of power switching with high-efficiency, low-standby power.

Features・ Operations using both frequency reduction and bursts for generation of low-standby power.
・ Supports worldwide input voltages
・ Reinforced insulation between Primary and Secondary(AC3000V guaranteed for one minute / except SPM2402SJ).
・ Resin filling is available to reduce audible noise.
・ Compliant with all required safety standards for information equipment, AV equipment, industrial equipment, andhome appliance equipment.
・ Various built-in protection functions (overcurrent protection).

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SPM Series Application Notes
1.

Selecting Externally Connected Equipment
The example of application circuits and parts value which are indicated to this application note aim at assistanceof a design. Therefore, external parts variation or user operating conditions are not fully taken into consideration.
Please take parts variation, operating conditions into consideration when designing.

1.1

Application Circuits●With FG (Class I Power Supply)
D101
F101

L

TH101

L101 C104
C101
C102① Vin(+)

N.C. ⑥
N.C. ⑦③ DrainN

N.C. ⑧M101⑤ Vin(-)

L201

Vo1 ⑨

Vo

C201

C105
C202
GND

GND ⑩

FG
Vin=85Vac～276Vac

C203●Without FG (Class II Power Supply)
D101
L

F101

TH101

L101
C101
C102
① Vin(+)

N.C. ⑥
N.C. ⑦③ DrainN⑤ Vin(-)

N.C. ⑧
M101

L201

Vo1 ⑨
C201

Vin=85Vac～276Vac

Vo

C202
GND ⑩

GND

C103

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SPM Series Application Notes
1.2

Parts example
Output Specifications

Part

3.3V 0.7A

5V 0.66A

12V 0.28A

15 0.24A

24 0.15A

M101

SPM0307SJ

SPM0507SJ

SPM1203SJ

SPM1502SJSPM2402SJ

F101

250V 2.5A time lag

250V 2.5A time lag

250V 2.5A time lag

250V 2.5A time lag

250V 2.5A time lag

TH101

5Ω～20Ω

5Ω～20Ω

5Ω～20Ω

5Ω～20Ω

5Ω～20Ω

L101

1mH～4.7mH/ 0.18A

1mH～4.7mH/ 0.18A

1mH～4.7mH/ 0.18A

1mH～4.7mH/ 0.18A

1mH～4.7mH/ 0.18A

L201

2.2uH～10uH / 1.4A

2.2uH～10uH / 1.4A

2.2uH～10uH / 0.6A

2.2uH～10uH / 0.5A

2.2uH～10uH / 0.3A

C101

450V 10uF

450V 10uF

450V 10uF

450V 10uF

450V 10uF

C102

450V 10uF

450V 10uF

450V 10uF

450V 10uF

450V 10uF

C103

100pF～2200pF class Ⅱ

100pF～2200pF class Ⅱ

100pF～2200pF class Ⅱ

100pF～2200pF class Ⅱ

100pF～2200pF class Ⅱ

C104、C105

470pF～2200pF class Ⅰ

470pF～2200pF class Ⅰ

470pF～2200pF class Ⅰ

470pF～2200pF class Ⅰ

470pF～2200pF class Ⅰ

C201

10V 1200uF

10V 1200uF

25V 100uF

25V 220uF

35V 150uF

C202

10V 1200uF

10V 100uF

25V 100uF

25V 47uF

35V 47uF

C203

1kV

1kV

1kV

1kV

1kV

0.022uF

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0.022uF

0.022uF

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0.022uF

0.022uF

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SPM Series Application Notes
1.3

AC input

DC output

When using an AC input connector and DC output connector, pay attention to the rated voltage and rated
current of the connector.
Consider the input voltage, withstand voltage and safety standard demanded values and provide a clearance
between AC input connector pins.

1.4

Fuse (F101)

Since a fuse is not built into the module (M101), always install a fuse at the Live side to ensure safety.
Select the fuse by considering the normal current, in-rush current, ambient temperature, and other conditions.
(Discharge the capacitors in the circuit fully and consider the conditions at which the circuit impedance is lowest
when there is a thermistor or other element whose resistance value changes with temperature.)①Select a rated current of 2 or more times the normal current.
②Consider the rated current rate of change by ambient temperature.(At high temperature: Rated voltage drops)③Check that the in-rush current and normal current are within the blowout characteristic curve of the fuse.
④Select a fuse so that in-rush current and normal current can take sufficient margin to a fuse permission I2t
curve.
A required margin is subject to the influence by temperature conditions, and the influence of the number oftimes of incoming current which occurs in an expected life. We recommend you to ask a fuse maker a proper
margin.
In order to share an input line and an input electrolytic capacitor with another converter, when selecting a fusewith the high fusing current characteristic, and a high-capacity electrolytic capacitor, there is a case which afuse does not blow out at the time of abnormalities.
Please perform a safety check enough in such a case.

1.5

Noise filter （C103,C104,C105,C203,L101)

1.5.1 C103,C104,C105,C203： Y capacitor (Line bypass capacitor)
Use a safety standard approved product of each country.
Be careful of the leakage current specified by each safety standard.
With a Class II power supply, when connecting directly between the primary and secondary, use a reinforced
insulation product(Y1 class approved).
・ C203 does not require a safety standard approved product, but since the withstand test voltage applied
between the primary and secondary is divided and applied according to the overall capacitance of C104 andC105 and the capacitance of C203, pay careful attention to the rated voltage.
・・・

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SPM Series Application Notes
1.6

Rectifying diode(D101)

Always perform full-wave rectification using a bridge diode or general rectifying diodes (use 4 diodes).
When selecting parts, pay attention to the rated voltage, rated current, and temperature rise.
Check that the in-rush current does not exceed the peak surge current and I2t specification of the rectifying
diode.
(Discharge the capacitors in the circuit fully and consider the conditions at which the circuit impedance is lowest
when there is a thermistor or other element whose resistance value changes with temperature.)

1.7

Surge current prevention（TH101)

When input power is applied, an in-rush current which charges the input smoothing electrolytic capacitor flows.
An in-rush current that is too large will cause the power supply voltage to become unstable and may affect thedevices which share the power supply. The fuse and rectifying diodes used may also be damaged.
When using a power thermistor to suppress the surge current, select it by paying attention to the following:①Be sure that the temperature is within the operating temperature range of the thermistor.
②Since the characteristic is such that a rated current drop accompanies a temperature rise, check the highest
temperature of the thermistor and that the load current (power supply input current) is the rated current orless at the highest temperature.
③With a power thermistor, the relationship between the maximum value of the usable input voltage (rms) and thecapacitance of the input smoothing electrolytic capacitor are set. Check that the relationship between the input
voltage (rms) and input smoothing electrolytic capacitor is not a problem with the thermistor used.
④Since a power thermistor has a large thermal time constant and its resistance value remains low after the input
is tripped, when the input is repeatedly turned on and off, the surge current cannot be controlled. When using
under this condition, check that the effect, etc. on the fuse, bridge diode, and input power supply are no
problem.
The surge current calculation expression is:
As the calculation result is only a reference, conduct a thorough check using actual equipment.
・AC input ：Inrush Current（peak value） ： Vin (rms)  2 (R TH101  R L )I2t ： Vin (rms) 2  C102 (R TH101  R L )・DC input
Inrush Current（peak value） ： Vin (dc) (R TH101  R L )I2t ： Vin (dc ) 2  C102 2(R TH101  R L )RL：Line impedance (Ω)
RTH101：Thermistor resistance (Ω) at 25℃
C102：electrolytic capacitor（F）

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SPM Series Application Notes
1.8

Input smoothing electrolytic capacitor（C102)，LCπ type filter（L101,C101)

The input smoothing electrolytic capacitor has a large effect on the characteristics and life of the product.
Select the capacitor by paying attention to the following.
In addition, an LC π filter made up of L101, C101, and C102 is effective in reducing conducted noise.
①Install the capacitor very close to the module (M101) and use a wide pattern to connect M101.
Moreover, C101 and C102 must be of the same type.
②Triangular-wave high-frequency current also flows into L101. Make sure that L101 is not saturated at peakcurrent. Also make sure that there is no problem of temperature rise, taking the DC resistance of L101 into
consideration.
L101① VIN(+)

M101
三角波の高周波電流が流れます。
A triangle wave high frequency current
配線は太く、短くして下さい。

flows. Make the wiring wide and short.

⑤ VIN(-)
C101

C102

voltage(VDC)
Input
入力電圧（VDC)③Follow the instructions below to determine the capacitance of the electrolytic capacitors according to the input
voltage to be used.
Determine the capacitance of the electrolytic capacitors so that the minimum ripple voltage is equal to or
higher than 75 V.
Make sure that the peak voltage of the ripple voltage does not exceed the input voltage range. Take thevariation in capacitance and the capacitance reduction due to aging into consideration when selecting thecapacitance.

Input voltage range
リップル電圧Ripplevoltage 入力電圧範囲(Refer to the datasheet)(データシート参照)
Minimum
ripple voltage
リップル電圧下限値

時間（ｔ）
Time(t)Datasheet・・・「http://www.tamura-ss.co.jp/electronics/en/powermodule/」

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SPM Series Application Notes
The capacitance of the electrolytic capacitors can be estimated using the formulae below.
The value calculated using the formulae is the minimum required capacitance. Take into consideration variationsin the capacitance of the electrolytic capacitors to be used and reductions in the capacitance due to aging.
As the calculation result is only a reference, conduct a thorough check using actual equipment.

C102(min)  4  K  Io(max) (5  f  (2  Vin min(rms) 2  752 ))Vinmin(rms)：Minimum effective input voltage (Vrms)
ｆ：Commercial power frequency（Hz）
Io(max)：Maximum output current in use(A)K：Coefficient (varies depending on model. Refer to the following.)
・SPM0307SJ ： 4.71
・SPM0507SJ ： 6.58
・SPM1203SJ ： 15.0
・SPM1502SJ ： 18.0
・SPM2402SJ ： 30.0
③Calculate the guaranteed life of the electrolytic capacitor and check that there is no problem.
Since the life calculation expression is different depending on the capacitor manufacturer and type, requesting
life calculation by the manufacturer of the capacitor used is recommended.
Generally, life can be calculated by using the temperature and ripple current of the electrolytic capacitor.
1)Electrolytic capacitor temperature
The temperature at which the temperature on the body of the electrolytic capacitor is maximum is measured
and is made a life calculation parameter.
2) Ripple current
For AC input, a charging current (IL) and discharging current (IH) flow in the input smoothing electrolytic
capacitor. These currents are measured individually and frequency correction is performed on IH and it ismade a life calculation parameter as 120Hz ripple current.
Charging current (low frequency)

Discharging current (high frequency)

充電電流(低周波）
実効値：IL（ｒｍｓ）

放電電流（高周波）
Effective
value: IH (rms)
実効値：I
H（ｒｍｓ）

Effective value: IL (rms)D101① VIN(+)

M101

ACAC入力input
C102⑤ VIN(-)

The ripple current (I120) frequency corrected to 120Hz is calculated from the following expression:

I120 (rms)  I L (rms) 2  (I H (rms)  fc) 2
fc：Frequency correction coefficient (Refer to the electrolytic capacitor catalog.)
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SPM Series Application Notes
For stable DC input, the ripple current by high frequency charging/discharging current is assumed for input
electrolytic capacitor.
IDC(rms)
Input入力電流：I
current: IDC(ms)
DC(rms)① VIN(+)

DC
DC入力
input

M101
C102
⑤ VIN(-)

The ripple current of an electrolytic capacitor is a triangle wave high frequencycurrent with the input current(DC current) made the average value. Ripple current is calculated as follows:
放電電流(Idis)
Discharging current (Idis)

IDC(AVE）
０
充電電流(Ich)
Charging current (Ich)

Iripple  Idis 2  Ich2

1.9

Output smoothing electrolytic capacitor（C201)

The output smoothing electrolytic capacitor has a large effect on the characteristics and life of the product.
Select the electrolytic capacitor by paying attention to the following:①Install the capacitor very close to the module (M101) and use a wide pattern to connect M101.
Vo1 ⑨

M101
C201
GND ⑩

Trianglewave high frequency current flows.
三角波の高周波電流が流れます。

配線は太く、短くして下さい。
Make
the wiring wide and short.

②Use an electrolytic capacitor with good frequency characteristics and low impedance.
Output ripple and noise and rise time may be affected depending on the ESR and ESL and wiring impedance ofthe capacitor.

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SPM Series Application Notes③If the capacitance is too large, the overcurrent protection function may operate and the rise may be faulty at
startup. A recommended value is shown in the following table.
Please ask us, when the capacity more than the following table is required.
Recommendation capacitanceCR mode2400uF or less1300uF or less
200uF or less
270uF or less
200uF or lessModel
SPM0307SJ
SPM0507SJ
SPM1203SJ
SPM1502SJSPM2402SJ④The following rated voltage is recommended:
・SPM0307SJ・SPM0507SJ・SPM1203SJ・SPM1502SJ・SPM2402SJ： Rated voltage 10V or more
： Rated voltage 10V or more
： Rated voltage 25V or more
： Rated voltage 25V or more
： Rated voltage 35V or more

⑤Calculate the guaranteed life of the electrolytic capacitor and check that there is no problem.
Since the life calculation expression is different depending on the capacitor manufacturer and type, requesting
life calculation by the manufacturer of the capacitor used is recommended.
Life can be calculated by using the temperature and ripple current of the electrolytic capacitor, the same as the
input smoothing electrolytic capacitor.
1) Electrolytic capacitor temperature
The temperature at which the temperature on the body of the electrolytic capacitor is maximum is measured
and is made a life calculation parameter.
2) Ripple current
A high frequency ripple current by charging/discharging current flows in the input electrolytic capacitor.
The ripple current is calculated by splitting it into the top (charging current) and bottom(discharging current)of output current (Io).
充電電流(Ich)
Charging current (Ich)

I０(AVE）
０
放電電流(Idis)
Discharging current (Idis)

Iripple  Idis 2  Ich2

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SPM Series Application Notes⑥When planning to split the ripple current by using multiple electrolytic capacitors,be sure that ripple current
measurement does not cause an unbalance.

×

○

Vo1 ⑨

Vo1 ⑨

M101

M101
C201-1

C201-2C201-1

GND ⑩

C201-2

GND ⑩

When current
measurement leads, etc. are installed
電流測定用リードなどを測定するコンデンサ

Whenthe capacitor whose current is not to be measured
電流測定されないコンデンサも測定するのみに取り付けると、インピーダンスのtothe capacitor to be measured, the impedance is

コンデンサと同じインピーダンスとなるよう
has
the same impedance as the capacitor to be measured,

Only

バランスが崩れ正確な測定ができません。
unbalanced
and accurate measurement is not possible.

1.10にすると正確な測定ができます。
accuratemeasurement is possible.

LCπ type filter（L201,C202)

Output ripple voltage reduction is possible to a certain degree by using a low impedance electrolytic capacitor at
C201. However, the addition of a one-stage LCπ type filter is effective in lowering the output ripple voltage
more.
①Since a ripple current equivalent to C201 may flow depending on the impedance of L201, check the ripple
current,temperature rise, and life of C202 also.
②Triangle wave high frequency current also flows in L201. Check that L201 is not saturated at the peakcurrent.
In addition, consider the DC resistance of L201 and check that there is no problem with temperature rise.
L201
Ip

Vo1 ⑨

M101
C201
GND ⑩

Rev.1.0 Jul, 2014

C202

L201、C202にも高周波電流が流れます。
IpでもL201が飽和しないことを確認して下さい。

High frequency current also flows in L201 and C202.
Check that L201 is not saturated even at Ip.

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SPM Series Application Notes
2.

Protection function

2.1

Overcurrent protection function

An overcurrent protection function is provided as protection when an output short circuit or overload occurs.
The operation mode is automatic reset operation.

出力電圧

Output Voltage

Overload detected
過負荷検出

Automatic reset operation
自動復帰動作Intermittent operation in low power region
低電力領域で間欠動作
出力電流
Output current

・Automatic reset operation
In the output short circuit and overload states, intermittent operation is performed in the low power region.
Operation is automatically reset to normal operation when the short circuit or overload is removed.

4.

Pattern design precautions

4.1 Main current line
Since the input current, output current, and high frequency current flow in the bold line parts of the connection
diagram (figure below), make the pattern wide and short.
L101

L201
① VIN(+)

Vo1 ⑨

Vin

Vout
M101
C101

C201

C102
⑤ VIN(-)

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C202

GND ⑩

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SPM Series Application Notes
4.2 Input and output capacitors
Install the input smoothing capacitor (C102) and output capacitor (C201) close to M101.
It is capable of doubling as a capacitor for other power circuit blocks. However, when the distance is long, theinput smoothing capacitor only for M101 must be installed near M101. In addition, when the pattern from theoutput terminals and load of M101 is narrow and long, make the pattern wide thick and short because it had aneffect on output accuracy.

×

Example of a bad pattern
悪いパターン例○

Example of a good pattern
良いパターン例

Secondary side

2次側

１次側

Primary side

１次側

Primary side

2次側 side
Secondary

4.3 Pattern prohibited area
When a double sided circuit board is used, do not provide a pattern directly below M101 of the parts side of thecircuit board. If there is a pattern directly below M101 of the parts side, the insulation distance between the
primary and secondary sides will not meet the specified value and safety cannot be ensured.

○×

The installation prohibited area of primary parts and secondary parts is shown in the figure below.
Do not install parts inside the dotted lines.
15

Rev.1.0 Jul, 2014

Secondary side6

2次側Primary
１次側side2次側 side
SecondaryPrimary side

１次側
6

Secondaryparts prohibited area
2次部品禁止領域

5

6

14

6

5

Primary
parts prohibited area
1次部品禁止領域

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SPM Series Application Notes
5.

Recommended hole diameter, land, and pin pitch

Hole dia.φ1.1 +0.1/-0

・Parts side view
・Numbers with a circle are pin numbers
To provide strength against vibrationand dropping, provide lands at all pins and solder.

Unit : mm
Land dia.φ2.5

6.

Recommended soldering conditions (lead-free solder)①Flow soldering: 255±3 ℃

5 seconds or less②Soldering iron: 350℃(MAX)4 seconds or less

Rev.1.0 Jul, 2014preheat end 110℃±10℃

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SPM Series Application Notes
7.

Output derating
When the ambient temperature exceeds +75℃, reduce the output power in accordance with the output derating
chart below.
When the ambient temperature is affected by the heat generated by surrounding components, then the ambient
temperature measurement point must be made in proximity to the heat generating components as shown below
When there are no heat generating parts nearby, make the temperature 20mm from the module and 5mm above
the circuit board the ambient temperature.

負荷率 Load factor(%)

100
80
60
40
20
0
-20

-10

0

10
20
30
40
50
60
周囲温度 Ambient Temperature(℃)

70

80

90

100

Ambient temperature measurement point when there are heat generating parts nearby
Ambient temperature

Ambient temperature

measurement point

measurement point

周囲温度測定箇所

周囲温度測定箇所
Heat

発熱
generating
部品
parts

Module
モジュール

Heat

発熱
generating
部品
parts

モジュール
ModuleAmbient temperature measurement point when there is no effect of heating generating part
Ambient temperature

Ambient temperature

周囲温度測定箇所
measurement point

20mm

5mm

Moduleモジュール

measurement
point
周囲温度測定箇所

モジュールの中心のExtended line of center延長線of module

Moduleモジュール

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SPM Series Application Notes
User Precautions●The content of this manual is subject to change without prior notice for the purpose of improvements, etc.
Ensure that you are in possession of the most up-to-date information when using this product.
●The operation examples and circuit examples shown in this manual are for reference purposes only, and Tamura
Corporation disclaims all responsibility for any violations of industrial property rights, intellectual property rights
and any other rights owned by Tamura Corporation or third parties that these may entail.
●The circuit examples and part constants listed in these specifications are provided as reference for theverification of characteristics. The user is to perform design, verification, and judgment under his or her own
responsibility, taking into account the various conditions.
●Tamura Corporation constantly strives to improve quality and reliability, but functional failures and failures arebound to occur with some probability in power products. To ensure that failures do not cause accidents
resulting in injury or death, fire accidents, social damage, and so on, users are to thoroughly verify the safetyof their designs in devices and/or systems.
●This product is intended for use in consumer electronics (electric home appliances, business equipment,
information equipment, communication terminal equipment, measuring devices, and so on.) If considering use ofthis product in equipment or devices that require high reliability (medical devices, transportation equipment,
traffic signal control equipment, fire and crime prevention equipment, aeronautics and space devices, nuclear
power control, fuel control, in-vehicle equipment, safety devices, and so on), please consult a Tamura sales
representative in advance. Do not use this product for such applications without written permission from
Tamura Corporation.
●This product is intended for use in environments where consumer electronics are commonly used.
It is not designed for use in special environments such as listed below, and if such use is considered, theuser is to perform thorough safety and reliability checks under his/her responsibility.
- Use in liquids such as water, oil, chemical solutions, or organic solvents, and use in locations where the productwill be exposed to such liquids- Use that involves exposure to direct sunlight, outdoor exposure, or dusty conditions- Use in locations where corrosive gases such as salt air, C12, H2S, NH3, SO2, or NO2, are present- Use in environments with strong static electricity or electromagnetic radiation- Use that involves placing inflammable material next to the product- Use of this product either sealed with a resin filling or coated with resin- Use of water or a water soluble detergent for flux cleaning- Use in locations where condensation is liable to occur●This product is not designed to resist radiation.
●This product is not designed to be connected in series or parallel.
Do no operate this product in a series, parallel, or N+1 redundant configuration.
●The content of this manual may not be transferred or copied without prior written permission.

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