Working Group Report- WG of Ocean and Society in the AP region -Co-chaired by Ken Ando, Andy Steven, and Somkiat

Aims
Since 2012, the Oceans and Society working group of theGEOSS-AP Symposium has been working to define, enhance andintegrate the inventory of information exchanges of issues related tocoastal and regional ocean data in the Asia-Pacific region whichspans multiple jurisdictional waters.
This working group aims to further evolve the current
observation inventory system of in-situ ocean observations to bettersupport the WESTPAC community and to meet the needs of SDGs 13
and 14. Thus, the goal of this session is to continue to discuss,
identify and define actions to address gaps of activities in the APregion that will evolve a comprehensive and integrated observation
inventory system for the region. Ocean acidification, an issue
related to both SDG 13 and 14, will serve as the main topic ofdiscussion for this session.

GEOSS-AP Ocean Data Networking System developed since 2014

http://www.jamstec.go.jp/geossap/

Sustainable Development Goal 13 & 14
Goal 13: Take urgent action to combat climate change and its
impactsGoal 14: Conserve and sustainably use the oceans, seas andmarine resources for sustainable development
Ocean Acidification is one of important targets under Goal 14, and isassociated with Goal 13
In particular, focusing on the target 14.3 (Minimize and address theimpacts of ocean acidification, including through enhanced scientificcooperation at all levels)

Agenda (1/2) morning sessions
1. Introduction of the past activities and current situation (9:15-9:45)
1-1. Overview of GEO Oceans activities: Blue Planet Initiative, AOGEOSS, MBON
(Andy Steven)
1-2. Results from the 7th meeting in Tokyo & Aims and goals of this WG (Ken Ando)
2. Expand ocean data inventory system in GEO (10:00-11:50)
2-1. Current observation inventory system (Ken Ando)
2-2. SEA-GOOS (Somkiat Khokiattiwong)
2-3. Ocean data management in Malaysia (Aidy Ohamed Shawal Bin M Muslim)
2-4. Ocean data management in Indonesia (Bayu Prayudha)
2-5. Ocean data management in Philippine (Cesar Villanoy)
2-6. Future Cooperation with IOC/WESTPAC (Somkiat Khokiatiwong)2-7. Discussion: Evolution of the current inventory system

After Aidy’s PPT file

Malaysian Oceanographic Data
Aggregation & Archiving System(MyDAS)Distribution of Ecological Data

After Bayu’s PPT file

Need for access to observations, data, information, analysis,
predictions to manage disaster risk and resource utilization

http://www.geoportal.gov.ph/

http://meteopilipinas.gov.ph/
http://noah.dost.gov.ph/#/After Cesar’s PPT fileAgenda (2/2) Afternoon session
3. SDGs and ocean (afternoon)
3-1. Scene setting: Ocean Acidification in relation to SDG 13 and 14 (Andy Steven)
3-2. The Global Ocean Acidification Observing Network (GOA-ON) aims, coverage, anddevelopment (Bronte Tilbrook)
3-3. Sub-arctic observation and measurement of frustule (Katsunori Kimoto)3-4. Trend of ocean acidification for the past three decades in the western North Pacificsubtropical zone in the western equatorial Pacific warm pool (Masao Ishii)
3-5. Ocean acidification modeling in OCMIP (Akio Ishida)3-6. SEA-GOOS Ocean Acidification program (Somkiat)
3-7. Why do we need to care for Ocean Acidification in coast water? (Haruko Kurihara)
3-8. Coastal acidification and fishery (Tsuneo Ono)
3-9. Modeling of acidification in marginal seas (Yasumasa Miyazawa)
3-10. Discussion: Current status, gaps, Inventory, and future observation of AO inrelations with SDGs

After Bronte’s PPT file

Data products

After Bronte’s PPT file

Global Map of Aragonite Saturation calculated from observed pH etc
In lower Saturation region, Plankton with calcium structure will get
impacts such as growth rate etc.

After Somkiat’s PPT file

When carbon dioxide (CO2) is absorbed by seawater, chemical reactions occur that reduce
seawater pH, carbonate ion concentration, and saturation states of biologically important calcium
carbonate minerals.
Since the beginning of the Industrial Revolution, the pH of surface ocean waters has fallen by 0.1
pH units. Since the pH scale, like the Richter scale, is logarithmic, this change represents
approximately a 30 percent increase in acidity. Future predictions indicate that the oceans willcontinue to absorb carbon dioxide and become even more acidic. Estimates of future carbon
dioxide levels, based on business as usual emission scenarios, indicate that by the end of thiscentury the surface waters of the ocean could be nearly 150 percent more acidic, resulting in a pH
that the oceans haven’t experienced for more than 20 million years
The photos below show what happens
to a pteropod’s shell when placed insea water with pH and carbonate levels
projected for the year 2100. The shell
slowly dissolves after 45 days. Photo
credit: David Liittschwager/National
Geographic Stock

IOC/WESTPAC started CD workshop for setting up standard measurements of pH and TA

After Haruko’s PPT file

Impacts to coastal areas by Ocean Acidification
CO2Ocean acidification

Impacts on fisheries

Impacts on aquaculture
Nutrient input

Impacts on coastal
ecosystem

Impacts on food chain
Change oncommunity structure
Impacts on carbon cycle

Inputs from the WG4 for the Tokyo Statement 2017The Ocean and Society Working Group under BPI recognizes that GEOSS isuseful for sharing in-situ and remotely sensed Earth observation data to
support SDG 14. The Group will enhance coastal and regional ocean data
inventories through the inputs from institutes/agencies/universities in the APregion. In relation to ocean acidification (SDG 14.3), the Group will work
closely with GOA-ON/PICES/WESTPAC to extend regional data inventories
and observing capabilities. The Group also recommends GEO Members
sustain and/or develop as necessary long-term monitoring of ocean
acidification (pH and CO2 system parameters), and organism’s responses
from coast to open ocean, and assessment of acidification impacts on
fisheries/aquaculture/ecosystems in the AP Region.