Human Resource Development Agency EMR
Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources, Republic of Indonesia

A Strategy to Achieve NZE
Goals in Energy Sector:
Human Capital Approach

The 42nd JCCP International Symposium
By Prahoro Nurtjahyo - Head of HRD Agency EMR, MEMRIndonesia’s Potential

1/11/2024
http://www.esdm.go.id

2

Oil And Gas Potential
68 UNEXPLORED BASINS128
BASINS

Proven Reserves:
2.36 BBO and42.93 TCF Proven Reserves*) ESDC status 31 Desember 2021

172 Contract Area*

SeramButon

Warim
Aru - Arafura
Timor

Producing Basin
Drilled, Not Yet ProducingHydrocarbon indicatedDrilled, No Discovery
Un-drilled> 460,000 km2
Working AreaOnshores & Offshores
Source: MEMR, 2023*) per 30 September 2022**) including 3 working areas, waiting Government Policy &termination of 25 working areas± 1000 O&G Fields± 30,000 Wells

20 Basins
8 Basins
19 Basins
13 Basins
68 Basins

630 Platform

98 Production CA
74 Exploration CA**126 Proven Play832 Field/Structure, and110 BBOE Discovered Vol. Inplace
3 LNG Plant
12 LPG Plant
19 FPSO/FSO/FPU~20,300 kmPipeline3Indonesia’s Coal Potential
INDONESIAUnit: Billion Tons

Status of Semester 1, 2022
Kalimantan

16,74

Sulawesi
Sumatera
5,72

11,01

0,003

18,18
0,006

10,65

10,52

7,32

17,98

136
0,0018

33,28

89,31

46,26

21,32
11,95

10,74

0,013128,71

0,00160,0007

38,89

28,15

Papua

0,28

0,21

0,00430,00430,025
0,0063

SURFACE COAL RESOURCESRESOURCES (Billion Tons)

Inferred
Indicated
Measured

Source: MEMR, 2022

0,0039Reserve (Billion Tons)

Probable
ProvedSubsurface Coal Resources (100 – 500 M)

0,00621662 Location

SURFACE COAL RESOURCES

Subsurface Coal Resources

Resources
ReserveResources
Reserve: 100,88 Billion Tons
: 34,72 Billion Tons

: 0,49 Billion Tons
: 0,17 Billion Tons

4Indonesia’s Mineral Potential (Status of December 2021)
NickelPrimary Iron

1,49

1,45

3,74

0,25

Lateritic Iron

1,91

0,91

0,00062

0,61

0,92

3,42

8,56

3,56

BauxiteSediment Iron

2,3

2,29

2,2

2,45

2,33

2,98
2,12

5,57

0,0052

1,98

RE

RS

RERS

RERS

RERSRERS

17,69

5,23

7,35

1,70

7,75

1,53

5,82

-

6,63

3,22

Primary Gold

SilverCopper

Alluvial Gold*0,550,460,63

0,052

3,06

2,65

2,37

3,21

8,59

2,67

2,92

Lead*

0,013

7,18

1,25

0,56

2,32
1,65

0,81
5,58

2,42
5,92

4,94,68

3,170,25RE

RSRERSRERSRERSRERS

16,03

3,62

10,55

3,12

15,95

3,02

1,63

0,065

7,16

6,84

Source: MEMR, 2022

Unit: Billion
Tonnes of Ore

RESOURCES (RE)Inferred

Indicated

RESERVE (RS)Probable

ProvedMeasured* Units in billion m35

INDONESIA’S NRE POTENTIAL
Indonesia has large, widespread and diverse NRE potential to support
national energy security and achieve NRE mix targets

NRE POTENTIAL AND UTILIZATIONENERGy

development is very open, especially supported by environmental issues,climate change, and increased electricity consumption per capita.

UTILIZATION(GW)

SOLAR

3,295

0.27

HYDRO

95

6.69

BIOENERGY

57

3.09

WIND

155

0.15

GEOTHERMAL

24

2.36

OCEAN

60

TOTAL

“ 0.3% of the total potential has been utilized so that the opportunity for NRE

POTENTIAL
(GW)

3,686

6012.56

Note:
Nuclear Potential: Uranium 89,483 tonnes - Thorium 143,234 tonnes”▪ Hydro potential is spread throughout Indonesia, especially in North Kalimantan, NAD, West Sumatra, North Sumatra, and Papua▪ Solar potential is spread throughout Indonesia, especially in NTT, West Kalimantan and Riau which have higher radiation▪ Wind potential (> 6 m/s) is mainly found in NTT, South Kalimantan, West Java, South Sulawesi, NAD and Papua▪ Ocean Energy potential is spread throughout Indonesia, especially Maluku, NTT, NTB and Bali
▪ Geothermal potential is spread in the ring of fire area, including Sumatra, Java, Bali, Nusa Tenggara, Sulawesi and Maluku
www.esdm.go.id

Source: MEMR, 2023

6

Human Capital

1/11/2024
http://www.esdm.go.id7

Human Capital - Conditions & Employment Challenges

WorkingLabour Force
Participation Rate

138.63 Million

CHALLENGES

Formal
39,88%

Informal
60,12%

2,61 Million
new workforce(BPS, Februari 2022)

94.55 %

146.62 Million
69.30 % of the working
age population% based on

5.45 %

Educational Attainment

UnemploymentUniversity
Diploma I/II/III

9,31%

2,20%

Senior High School (Vocational)

58 % labour

11,31%

Senior High School (General)

19,18%

Junior High School

18,24%

with educational levelJunior High School and below≤Primary School

39,76%

60.12 %% based on

Unemployment Rate

Woman;
39,01%
Man; 60,99%

7.99 Million
5.45%

Educational Attainment
UniversityDiploma I/II/III
Senior High School (Vocational)
Senior High School (General)
Junior High School≤Primary School

Source: BPS, February 2023*) Population 15 Years of Age and Over : 211.58 Million

Informal Labour

9,43%
2,40%
20,86%
27,74%

18,10%

23 Million jobs
affected by automation(McKinsey, September 2019)21,47%

8

Energy Sectors Workforce
Energy Cluster (Pertamina, PLN)
Generation

EducationalBoomers Gen Z
9%1%Diploma
12%
UnderGrad18%

208.638HighSchool
67%

PostGrad3%

Mineral & Coal Cluster (Inalum)
Diploma10%
UnderGra
d 24%

PostGrad4%

Type of Contract

17.247Gen X
30%HighSchool
62%

Source: BUMN, Annual Report 2021

Female10%208.638
Milenials
60%

17.247Gen X
45%

Contract;
59%

Permanent
208.638 41%

208.638
Male90%Contract 1%

Gen Z
16%

Boome
rs 1%

GenderFemale
9%
Milenials 38%

17.247
Permanent
99%

17.247
Male91%
9Digital Impact to Future Workforce
Energy and Oil&Gas Cluster
Top Demand Reductions
Building Cleaning & Pest Control WorkersSales Rep, Wholesale & Manufacturing

BPSDM

Top Demand Additions
Engineers
Computer Occupations

Other Protective Service Workers

Business Operations Specialists

Other Installation, Maintenance & Repair Occupations

Operations Specialties Managers

Plant and System Operators
Financial Clerks
Secretaries and Admin Assistants
Motor Vehicle Operators
Financial Specialists

Drafters, Engineering Technicians, Mapping Technicians
Lawyers, Judges, & Related Workers
Advertising, Marketing, Promotions, PR, Sales Manager
Counselors, Social Workers, Other Community Specialists
Other Teachers and Instructors

Other Office & Admin Support

Mineral & Coal Cluster
Top Demand Reductions
Building Cleaning & Pest Control Workers
Sales Rep, Wholesale & Manufacturing

Top Demand Additions
Engineers

Computer Occupations

Other Protective Service Workers

Business Operations Specialists

Other Installation, Maintenance & Repair Occupations

Operations Specialties Managers

Plant and System Operators
Financial Clerks
Secretaries and Admin Assistants
Motor Vehicle Operators
Financial Specialists
Other Office & Admin Support

Drafters, Engineering Technicians, Mapping Technicians
Lawyers, Judges, & Related Workers
Advertising, Marketing, Promotions, PR, Sales Manager
Counselors, Social Workers, Other Community Specialists
Other Teachers and Instructors
Source: BCG Analysis using medium technology adoption assumption;
KBUMN Headcount data collected from 94 BUMNs (Febuary, 28th 2022)

10

NZE Roadmap

1/11/2024
http://www.esdm.go.id

11

ENERGY TRANSITION ROADMAP TOWARDS CARBON NEUTRAL
1) Timeline of strategic actions to achieve net zero emission in the energy sector.
2) This Roadmap will be a form of joint commitment between the government and stakeholders to realize NZE in 2060 or sooner.
2025: Emision Reduction 231.2 Mio ton CO2e2035: Emision Reduction 388 Mio ton CO2e

2050: Emision Reduction 1,043.8 Mio ton CO2e

Supply:▪ NRE Development in accordance with RUPTL PT PLN(Persero) 2021-2030▪ Utilization of Rooftop PV▪ Waste to energy development acceleration▪ Development of small-scale biomass PP▪ Cofiring for existing CFPP
Demand:▪ Induction cooker used by 8.1 million HH▪ 300 thousand electric cars and 1.3 million electricmotorcycles▪ Gas network for 5.2 million HH▪ Dimethyl ether to become substitute of LPG for HH▪ Mandatory biodiesel 30% by 2025

Supply:▪ Green Hydrogen development starting 2031
▪ Massive Battery Energy Storage System (BESS) in 2034
▪ Installed capacity geothermal PP reach 11 GW in 2035

Supply :▪ Green hydrogen to replace natural gas for hightemperature heating processes starting from 2041
▪ Primary energy utilization from NRE is higher than thefossil

Demand:▪ Induction cooker used by 28.2 million HH▪ 9.3 million electric cars and 51 million electricmotorcycles▪ Gas network for 15.2 million HH▪ Biofuel use is maintained at 40%▪ Expansion of application of Energy Management andMEPS

Demand:▪ Induction cooker used by 46.6 million HH▪ 50.2 million electric cars and 163 million electricmotorcycles▪ Gas network for 22.7 million HH▪ Biofuel use is maintained at 40%

2021 – 2025

2026 – 2030

Supply :▪ NRE Development in accordance with RUPTL PT PLN(Persero) 2021-2030▪ Pump storage from 2025
Demand:▪ Induction cooker used by 18.1 million HH▪ 2 million electric cars and 13 million electricmotorcycles▪ Gas network for 10.2 million HH▪ Biofuels in the industrial and transportation sectors
reach 40%
▪ Energy Management and MEPS for 11 equipment

2030: Emision Reduction 327.9 Mio ton CO2e2031– 2035

2036 – 2040

2041– 2050

2051 – 2060

Supply:▪ Nuclear utilization for power generation starts from 2039
▪ The development of Variable Renewable Energy (VRE),
especially solar PV, is more massive, followed by windturbine PP on both onshore and offshore starting 2037.
Demand:▪ Induction cooker used by 37.9 million HH▪ 23 million electric cars and 101 million electric motorcycles▪ Gas network for 20.2 million HH▪ Biofuel use is maintained at 40%▪ CCS for cement and steel industries from 2036
▪ Low carbon for shipping

Supply :▪ Zero emissions from power sector and 129 million tons ofcarbon emission remains in the industrial andtransportation sectors▪ All electricity is generated by NRE
Demand:▪ Induction cooker used by 54.3 million HH▪ 65 million electric cars and 175 million electric motorcycles▪ Gas network for 22.7 million HH▪ Utilization of CCS in industry up to 13 million ton CO2▪ Projected demand for electricity consumption is 1,942
TWh or equal to 5,862 kWh/capita

2040: Emision Reduction 629.4 Mio ton CO2e

2060: Emision Reduction 1,789 Mio ton CO2e

Innovative low emission technologies such as CCS/CCUS can be applied under certain conditions to existingfossil power plants to accelerate emission reductions in the transition towards cleaner and greener energy*) PLTU pada Wilus PLN dan Non-PLN: Maksimal 30 tahun dan IPP 25-30 tahun (sesuai PPA)

www.esdm.go.id

ENERGY TRANSITION – TECHNOLOGY & INNOVATION
CO2 savings by technology maturity in 2050, NZE scenario
Behaviour 4%

Refrigerant-free advanced cooling

Autonomous trucks

Advanced batteries

Optimised heat pump with storage

Direct air capture

Next-generation biofuels

CO2 capture from cementHydrogen-based steel
Small modular reactors

Synthetic liquid fuels

Ammonia-powered ships

Under development
46%
In the market
50%

Electrolytic hydrogen for methanol

Building-integrated storage
Electric steam crackers

Electrolytic hydrogen for ammonia

Unlocking the next generation of low-carbon technologies requires more clean energy R&D and $90 billion indemonstrations by 2030; without greater international co-operation, global CO2 will not fall to net-zero by 2050.
Source: IEA

www.esdm.go.id

Strategy1/11/2024
http://www.esdm.go.id

14

NRE DEVELOPMENT SYNERGY AND COLLABORATIONThe support of all parties is needed in the development of NRE to be run optimally
NRE Development Challenges:
1

Economy & Technology
Technological innovation in the NRE
sector encourages the reliability of theelectric power system and creates morecompetitive prices.

2

Creating NRE innovations that can bedirectly utilized by the community,increasing quality human resources andencouraging technology transfer

Carrying out business/business activities ofpower plant and fuel, services, job creation,
contribution to state revenues and economic
activities

SOE & PRIVATEACADEMYPentahelix

Local ContentConsideration
oftechnology
mastering, project implementation,and the readiness of supporting
industries in both technical andeconomic aspects.

3

Supply & Demand
The development of NRE power plants
and Non-Electricity takes into accountthe balance of supply & demand
growth at affordable prices.

4

Project Implementation
Ease of licensing and land preparation
as well as de-bottlenecking in theimplementation of NRE projects.

MEDIA
Educating public concerning
the importance of NRE anddisseminating Government
programs to the community

COMMUNITIES & NGOs
GOVERNMENT
Formulate policies, regulations,
national standards, guidanceand supervision, as well as
facilitators in the developmentof NRE

NGOs act as counterweights andgovernment partners, provide
advocacy/assistance for the community,
carry out positive campaigns and takean active role in the development ofNRE
www.esdm.go.id

Potential Cooperation

BPSDM

INCREASE KNOWLEDGE• Education Programs for Degree (i.e. Master & Doctoral Degree,
Double Degree Program, Student Exchange, Fast Track Program)• Cooperation with Universities and Research Institution• Government Officers exchange• Courses• International Workshop

STANDARD TRAINING PROGRAMS• Scaling up technologies (i.e. OSL, Learning Methodology)• Training for Trainer• Guest Lecturer• Expert for Development Curriculum

COOPERATION WITH INDUSTRIES• Internship/Secondee Program for government officer• Learning innovative technologies and techniques from Industries• Expert instructors

16

THANK YOU17