Journal of Global Resources
Volume 6 (01)August 2019-January 2020
Page 222-226
UGC –CARE Listed Journal in Group D
ISSN: 2395-3160 (Print), 2455-2445 (Online)

35
DISTRIBUTION AND AVAILABILITY OF HUMAN RESOURCE: A GEOGRAPHIC ANALYSIS
OF JHUNJHUNU DISTRICT, RAJASTHAN
Imran Khan
Assistant Professor (Geography) RP Dular Girls College, Bissau, (Rajasthan), India
Email: drimrankc@gmail.com
Abstract: The spatial distribution of populations can be described at different geographicscales. The Growing population expands over a larger area as individuals move from highdensity patches to the fringe of the population. Under favourable conditions, isolated demes
expand and coalesce with the main population, spreading an outbreak over large areas. Spatial
distribution of population can be affected in several ways. Result climate changes can be noted
on geographic distribution of suitable habitats. However, the most serious anthropogeniceffects on spatial patterns are habitat fragmentation, alteration and pollution of aquaticecosystems, and redistribution (intentionally or unintentionally) of various species. Humans also
are responsible for the introduction of a large and growing number of plant and animal species
to new regions as a result of transportation of commercial species and agricultural products.
Early models represented population expansion as a simple diffusion process. Modelling of
spatial distribution has been facilitated by recent development of geographic information
systems (GIS) and geostatistical techniques. This paper deals with the spatial distribution,
urban and rural population and characteristics of population distribution, density and growth in
Jhunjhunu District. The purpose of the study is to highlight the trends of population growth,identify the densely populated areas, analyse the distribution of population as well as predict
the future expected population of Jhunjhunu District. As the conclusion of the study it wasobserved that population of the District had steadily increased by the passage of time. By
analysing population it seems that the present population size will be twofold in the near future.
Key words: Human Resources, Distribution and Availability, Geographical analysis
Introduction
Resources are a natural and human asset that we use to fulfil our needs. Therefore, theelements available on the earth that can be used by humans to meet their own needs arecalled resources. Different scholars have defined the resources as follows. According to James
Fischer, "Resources are such things that are used in fulfilling human needs and desires.
Similarly, according to Zimmermann, "in reality, the meaning of resources is to achieve any
objectives. This objective fulfils personal needs and social goals. According to Johnston, "aconcept which specifies the human satisfaction, prosperity and resources that give power,
Labour, enterprising skills, exchange, stable capital structure, technical knowledge, socialstability and cultural and physical characteristics can be considered as resources of any
country. The population is also an important resource for any region because the use of natural
resources depends on the quality and efficiency of human resources. Human resources mean
are taken from the size of the population of the country and its active involvement in production,
along with its quality, intelligence, awareness. Where available natural resources of the country
are merely means of economic development the same human resources have the potential ofeconomic activities. They are both the beginning and the end of the economic activities of thecommunity.
Population Distribution
The total area of Jhunjhunu district is 5928 sq. Km. Total population of the district as per 2001
census was 19,13,689 which increased to 2,137,045 in 2011. If we look at the data of 2001 we
found that the population density in Jhunjhunu was 323 kilometres which increased to 361 in
2011. According to 2001 census sex ratio were 946 at Jhunjhunu which increased to 950 by2011 census on per 1000 male compared to 2001. The modest increase of 4 women has been
observed in the sex ratio in the district. The total number of males in the district was 9,83,526,222

while the number of females was 9,30,163, compared to males. In this sequence, after taking alook at the figures of district of 2011, it is found that in 2011 the total Population of the district
was 2,137,045 of which the total number of men was 1,095,896 and the total number of womenwas 1,041,149. According to the 2011 figures, the total urban population in Jhunjhunu district is1,647,966. Apart from this, the rural population was 4,890,79. The total numbers of the habitantvillages in Jhunjhunu district is 910. In which about 80 percent of the district's population lives.
In 1901 the total population was 3,41,572. The population of the district, however, increased to19,136,89 in 2001. And in 2011, the population of Jhunjhunu district increased by 11.67 percent
and became 2,137,045. Through the following table we can analyse very well the population ofJhunjhunu.
Figure 01: Key Map of study AreaIndia

RajasthanJhunjhunu District

Table 01: Decimal Growth in Jhunjhunu District (1901-2011)
Year
Male
FemaleTotal
1901
1,81,338
1,60,234
3,41,572
1911
1,93,692
1,75,689
3,69,081
1921
1,88,072
1,65,068
3,73,140
1931
2,15,880
1,89,639
4,05,519
1941
2,60,986
2,30,017
4,91,003
1951
3,00,988
2,87,748
5,88,736
1961
3,70,457
3,49,193
7,19,650
1971
4,81,873
4,47,357
9,29,230
1981
6,19,313
5,92,270
12,11,583
1991
8,19,448
7,62,973
15,82,421
2001
9,83,526
9,30,163
19,13,689
2011
1,09,5896
1,041,149
2,137,045
Source: District census handbook, 2014 Jhunjhunu

Decimal Growth (%)+08.05-04.32+14.83+21.08+19.90+22.24+29.12+30.69+30.61+20.93+11.67After studying the above table, we found that during the period from 1901 to 2011, thefastest rate of population in the district was in 1981. Which was 30.61 percent And in 1991 thepopulation growth rate was 30.61 Whereas the population of the district this year was
15,82,421. The minimum increase in these 110 years was recorded in the year 1921 that was 0.432 percent. When the population of the district was 3,69,081 in 1911 the same changed
from 4.32 to 3,73,140 in 1921. In fact, the analysis of the table reveals that there have been a
lot of ups and downs in the population of the district after the regular year intervals. Similarly in2001 the total population of the district was 1913,689 which increased from 11.67 percent in223

2011 to 2,137,045. Compared to 1991, the population of Jhunjhunu district increased by 36.90
percent in 2011.
Table 02: Distribution of Population of Jhunjhunu District and Rajasthan (1931-2011)
YearJhunjhunu District
1931
4,55,199
1941
4,91,003
1951
5,88,736
1961
7,19,650
1971
9,29,230
1981
12,11,583
1991
15,82,421
2001
19,13,689
2011
2,137,045
Source: District census handbook, 2014

Rajasthan
1,17,47,974
1,38,63,659
1,59,70,774
2,01,55,602
2,57,65,806
34,361,860
44,005,990
5,64,73,122
68,548,437

After the study of the table, it is found that in the initial years in the district there is aslow increase of population but between 1931 and 1961, the population increased in the districtby gradual and rapid growth. So during this time the population increased from 405519 to719650 and in 1921, the population was 9,29,230, in 1981 it was 12,11,583, in 1991 it was15,82,421 and in 2001 it was 19,13,689 and in 2011, the population of the district increased
11.67 percent and became 2,137,045.
Tehsil wise Population Distribution
In Jhunjhunu district there are total six tehsils i.e Jhunjhunu, Chidawa, Buhana, Khetri,Nawalgarh and Udaipurwati. Population distribution in these tehsils is uneven. According to the2011 census, Jhunjhunu tehsil has the highest population of Jhunjhunu district which is538174. The tehsil with the lowest population of the district is Buhana, where the totalpopulation is only 223405. We can understand the population distribution in the district's tehsils
by the following table. After the study of the table, it is found that the total population ofJhunjhunu tehsil is 538174 which are 25.18 percent of the total population of the district.
Table 03: Tehsil wise population in Jhunjhunu, 2011
#TehsilMale
271670245099116131145208166750151038Total
1095896
Source: District Statistical Handbook 2014
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.

Jhunjhunu
Chirawa
BuhanaKhetri
Nawalgarh
Udaipurwati

Total Population
Female2665042309881072741327381599131437321041149

Total
538174476087223405277946
3266632947702,137,045

Apart from this 476087 population resides in Chirawa out of which 245099 are males
and 230988 are females. The table shows that the least population in the district resides in
Buhana tehsil. The total population of this tehsil is 223405 which are 10.45 percent of the total
population of the district. In which 116131 male and 107274 are female. In this sequence if welook at the distribution of population in other tehsils of the district then we found that Nawalgarh
is the tehsil with maximum population in the district after Chirawa tehsil. According to the 2011
census a total of 326663 populations reside in the Nawalgarh tehsil in which 166750 were maleand 159913 were female. In this sequence the tehsils with the fourth maximum population areUdaipurwati. According to the 2011 census, the total population of this tehsil is 294770 out ofwhich the number of males and females are 151038 and 143732 respectively.
Current Scenario of Population
The state of Rajasthan has touched various highs in the economic, social and other important
areas in the last several years but the growing population here overshadowed its manyachievements. Since the state has limited reserves of natural resources due to this the problem
224becomes more difficult. If we analyse the increasing population in the context of Jhunjhunu
district it is found that there has been a rapid increase in the population of the city in the last 50
to 60 years. Nearly 60 years ago in 1941 the population of the city was about 4.9 lakhs and it
increased to about 7.19 lakhs by 1961. It took 20 years for more than 2 lakh population toincrease. The city got the next 2.0 lakh population in just 10 years. The population growth rate
at this time was 19.12 percent in the decade from 1971 to 1981. There was an unexpected
increase of 2 lakh in the city's population. The population growth rate at this time was 30.39 percent. After this from 1981 to 1991 the total population increased to 3.782421 with an increaseof 3.7 lakhs. The growth rate from 1981 to 1991 was 30.61 percent which was the highest
growth rate till 2001. Between 1991 to 2001 the population of the city increased by 3.3 lakhs
and the total population of the city reached 1913689. In the next 10 years, i.e. in 2011, thepopulation crossed the 21 lakh mark in 2011 the total population of the district reached to2137045 in 2011.
Occupational Structure
The total number of tenants in the district is 521692. From which 252595 male and 269097
females are involved in this work. In Jhunjhunu district the percentage of male counterparts is
46.66 and the percentage of female counterparts is 76.18, which is much more than thepercentage of males. In Jhunjhunu district a total of 507672 people in the rural area areengaged in tenants’ work, of which 245121 are males and 262551 are females. A total of 67.44
per cent of the people are engaged in this work in rural areas of the district, of which 57.63 percent are male and 80.19 are female. In this sequence, if we look at the number of tenants in theurban areas of the district, it is found that in the urban areas of the district a total of 14020
persons are engaged in this work, of which 7474 males are 6546 females. According to thepercentage, a total of 9.88 percent of the population in urban areas of the district are engaged
in this work of which 6.44 percent and 25.32 percent respectively of men and women. Aftertenants the second main occupation in Jhunjhunu district is farming. According to the 2011
figures, the total number of agricultural laborers in the district is 68878. Thus a total of 7.70
percent of the people are working in agriculture work. From which there are 41286 males and27592 females. In the district 7.63 percent men and 7.81 percent women are engaged infarming. Looking at the number of people engaged in this work in rural and urban areas of thedistrict, we find that the total number of agricultural laborers working in rural areas is 64571 outof which 38100 are males and 26471 are females. Number of persons engaged in agricultural
work in urban areas of the district 4307 which is 3.04 percent of the total population. In thedistrict, 3186 men and 1121 women are working in agriculture work in urban areas.
Working Population
The total number of working people in Jhunjhunu district is 894649, which is 41.86 percent of
the total number of the district. If we look at the number of women and men in the working
population in the district, 541392 men and 353257 women are working in the district. If thenumber of people working in the district is analysed in the context of rural and urban areas,than we found that out of the total working population in the district, 752752 people are working
in rural areas, which is 45.68 per cent of the district. A total of 425348 males and 327404
females are employed in the villages of the district.
Table 04: Distribution of Working, Marginal and non-working Population in the District
Cat.

Working
MaleFemale
Total
Male
Rural425348 327404
752752 87912
Urban 116044 25853
141897 9369
Total541392 353257
894649 97281
Source: District Statistical Handbook 2011

Marginal
Female1959088647
204555

Total
28382018016
301836

Male
417370137134554504

Non-working
FemaleTotal
4778448952142100483471826878921242396

Non-Working Population
Under this class, such persons are included who do not do any kind of production work
themselves. Therefore, in this category, the elderly, handicapped, students, unemployed,wives, and pensioners are included. The total number of such population in Jhunjhunu districtin 2011 is 1242396 in which 554504 are males and 687892 are females in the district. The total
number of non-working people in the rural areas of the district is 895214 in which 417370 are225

males and 477844 are females. Similarly, the total number of non-working women in cities ofthe district is 137134 and the number of non-working women in cities is 210048.
Marginal Population
Under this, a class of people who have not done any work at any time in a year before thecalculation is done. Workers who do not do any kind of work most of the time are kept under
this category. According to the figures of 2011, out of the total population in Jhunjhunu district,301836 persons fall under the marginal population. In which there are 97281 males and204555 females. The district has a total marginal population of 33.74 per cent, of which 17.97
percent of the men and 57.91 percent of the females fall under the marginal population.
Occupational Organization of Population
The commercial organization of the population of a particular area is based on the different
types of work done by the population of that region. Almost all types of businesses are found inJhunjhunu district, Such as tenants, agricultural labourers, persons engaged in family industry
etc. Through the following table, we can understand the ratio of population in various
occupations of rural and urban population of Jhunjhunu district.
Table 05: Occupation wise Population Distribution (Percent) 2011
Cat.

Tenants
Agriculture
MaleFemale
MaleFemale
Rural
57-63
80-19
08-96 08-09
Urban
6-44
25-32
02-75 04-34
Total
46-66
76-18
07-63 07-81
Source: District Statistical Handbook 2011

Traditional Industries
MaleFemale
01-37
0-65
03-11
07-40
01-74
01-14

OthersMaleFemale
32-05
11-07
87-70
62-95
43-98
14-87

Conclusion
The study reveals that population growth in Jhunjhunu district experienced over the last few years
had some severe negative effects. The most obvious and common impact is that overpopulation
has put a great strain on the natural resources of the district. As we know, some of the resources
available to us come in limited quantities, for example, fossil fuels. When the population explosion
happened, these resources are becoming rarer and will one day run out completely. The
increased population had also leaded to increased pollution and industrialization. This has
adversely affected our district’s natural environment leading to more health problems in themajority of the population. And the growing population results, the lake of food and otherresources causing famines and various such disasters. And as we are currently noticing in India,
overpopulation also leads to massive unemployment. Overall the economic and financial conditionof densely populated regions deteriorates due to the population explosion.
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