Journal of Global Resources
Volume 6 (01)August 2019-January 2020
Page 160-164
UGC–CARE Listed Journal in Group DISSN: 2395-3160 (Print), 2455-2445 (Online)

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SPATIAL PATTERN OF EDUCATIONAL DEVELOPMENT AT BLOCKLEVEL IN JALORE DISTRICT, RAJASTHAN
Shivani Swarnkar1 and Siddhartha Kumar Gaurav2
1Assistant Professor, Department of Geography,Govt. Meera Girls College, Udaipur, (Rajasthan) India
2
Research Scholar, Department of Geography,
Mohanlal Sukhadia University, Udaipur, (Rajasthan) India
Email: siddharthakgaurav@gmail.com
Abstract: Human development of any region depends upon educational development, butsuch a development can't take place without simultaneous development of educational
amenities in all areas of a region/country. An amenity is a set of facilities of providing goods
and services to the public through which quality of life of peoples of a region is improved.
Regional disparity is worldwide problem today, especially in the developing countries. The
present study is an attempt to examine the spatial pattern of educational amenities
development in Jalore district. The Study reveals that Jalore district has regional disparities in
educational amenities development. The study concluded that the pattern of educational
development is not uniform in all the areas of district due to lack of harmonious developmentof educational amenities in all the blocks of the district.
Key word: Amenity, Education, Disparity, Social Development, Spatial Pattern
Introduction
There has been a growing school of thought that human development is not just economic
growth but it is also about growth with expansion of Choice, access to services andparticipation of people in the process of development leading to their empowerment andimprovement of wellbeing. It has been realized that expectancy of life, education, health andaccess to resources are the most crucial choice to live a decent life. Development is theimprovement in the wellbeing of the people through social, economic, political and amenities
transformation. Among various dimension of development, present study deals with spatial
pattern of educational amenities development in Jalore district. The term amenities refer to theinfrastructure that supports a society such as roads, railway, schools, hospitals, bank,communication, electricity, and telephone facilities etc. An amenity is a set of facilities throughwhich goods and services are provided to the public of any region, which shows the quality oflife of peoples in a region.
The education amenities development is cardinal base of human development in any societyor region and it is the most important factor of development. The socio-economic conditions inany society and any country depend upon the availability of educational facilities. But, evenafter seven decades of independence, there are many such areas in the country where thereis lack of education facilities, especially in the rural, tribal, desert and mountainous regions.
There are large numbers of studies have been published on the issues of educational
amenities development at the national and state level. But there is no particular study on thespatial pattern of educational amenities development in Jalore district of Rajasthan. Therefore,
attempt is made to analyze the different level of educational amenities development in thedistrict. Jalore district is the most backward district in terms of literacy rate in the Rajasthan
state having lowest literacy rate (Census of India 2011). Therefore, this analysis has been
undertaken to assess the development level of educational facilities in this district for balanced
development of different areas.
Study Area
Jalore district is situated at the south-western corner of Rajasthan state adjoining the Gujarat
state between 240 37' to 250 49' North latitude and 710 11' to 730 05' East longitude. The district160

covers an area of 10,640 square kilometers with eight blocks and a population of 1828,730(936,634 males and 892,096 females). There are eight blocks in district are Ahore, Bhinmal,
Chitalwana, Jalore, Jaswantpura, Raniwara, Sanchore, and Sayla.
Figure 01: Location of Study Area

Objectives of the Study
The objectives of the study are:
 Examine the spatial pattern of educational development in the district.
Analyze the level of inter-blocks disparities in the educational amenities developmentin the district.

Database and Methodology
The study is based on secondary data collected from office of the Chief District Education ofJalore district and U-DISE portal of the district for the educational Session 2018-19. The ZSquare Method has been used to analyze the spatial distribution of educational amenities
development. In view the current state of the education facilities of the district 16 indicators
have been selected to measure the educational development level and these are:

X1: Number of primary schools per 5000 persons.
X2: Number of upper primary schools per 10000 persons.
X3: Number of secondary schools per 15000 persons.
X4: Number of senior secondary schools per 20000 persons.
X5: Number of primary schools per 500 square kilometers.
X6: Number of upper primary schools per 1000 square kilometers.
X7: Number of secondary schools per 1500 square kilometers.
X8: Number of senior secondary schools per 2000 square kilometers.
X9: School/Teacher Ratio in primary schools.
X10: School/Teacher Ratio in upper primary schools.
X11: School/Teacher Ratio in secondary schools.
X12: School/Teacher Ratio in senior secondary schools.
X13: School/Student Ratio in primary schools.
X14: School/Student Ratio in upper primary schools.
X15: School/Student Ratio in secondary schools.
X16: School/Student Ratio in senior secondary schools.

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The composite value of all selected indicators represents overall scenario of inter-block andintra-block disparity in level of educational development. The level of amenities development
has been divided into three categories like high, moderate and less developed based oncomposite value. The following different formulas have been applied to calculate compositeindex.
1. Firstly, standard values have been calculated by following formulax− x̅Standardized value = σx̅= Mean of the indictor
σ = Standard Deviation of the indicator
2. Gross values of each block have been calculated by grand total of thestandardised values of all indicators found in that block.
3. At the end composite index has been calculated.
Gross Value
Composite index=nSpatial Pattern of Educational Development
As a result of composite index regional disparities found in the spatial pattern of educational
development of various block of the district are shown. On the basis of composite index value
blocks are divided into various category of level of educational development. The higher valuesof composite index relating to the blocks score shows high level of educational development
and lower value of the index show low level of educational development. On this basis Jalore
district has been divided in three category of level of educational development, which is given intable.3. The study found that the High development of educational amenities is in Jalore blockand lowest is in Sayla block. The blocks of Jalore, Sanchore and Ahore have comparatively
high educational amenities development than Jaswantpura, Chitalwana and Sayla block.
High Level of Development: This category includes two blocks viz. Jalore and Sanchore. Itindicates that the blocks have higher level of educational facilities development in comparisonof other blocks. The distribution of educational institutions is similar according to population andas well as area in these blocks. There is large number of students in educational institutes inthese blocks.
Moderate Level of Development: The moderately developed category includes four blocks
i.e. Ahore, Raniwara, Jaswantpura and Bhinmal. In these blocks educational facilities areequally distributed and are considerably available, according to area and population incomparison to low developed blocks.
Less Level of Development: The two blocks come under this category namely Chitalwana
and Sayla which are fully rural. The block Sayla (0.85) shows, least educational development in
the district. In these blocks educational facilities are very poor and not equally distributed.
There is lack of educational institute according to population and area.
Figure 02: Spatial Pattern of Educational Development

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Table 01: Indicators Value of Educational Development
#123
4
5
6
7
89
10

BlockAhore
BhinmalChitalwana
JaloreJaswantpura
Raniwara
Sanchore
Sayla
Mean
SD

X1
2.0
3.6
4.8
1.7
2.6
4.7
3.9
3.3
3.3
1.2

X2
7.7
7.3
4.9
9.1
5.9
5.4
5.8
5.6
6.5
1.4

X3
2.5
1.6
1.9
3.0
1.3
1.3
1.9
0.9
1.8
0.7

X45.23.7
3.9
6.0
4.1
4.4
4.5
3.3
4.4
0.9

X5
24.7
66.6
56.4
27.3
38.5
98.8
79.5
60.1
56.5
25.7

X6
94.3
137.0
57.0
144.5
86.3
113.5
119.2
100.9
106.6
28.3

X7
31.2
29.4
21.6
47.0
19.7
27.4
39.3
15.4
28.9
10.4

X8
63.7
69.2
45.4
95.0
60.0
93.2
93.0
60.4
72.5
18.8

X9
2.6
2.1
1.5
2.7
2.0
1.6
1.8
1.6
2.0
0.5

X10
5.8
5.5
5.3
6.3
6.0
5.1
5.3
5.8
5.6
0.4

X11
10.8
10.1
10.8
11.1
11.9
10.4
10.5
10.4
10.8
0.6

X12
12.8
11.0
12.2
14.2
11.1
12.8
14.1
11.6
12.5
1.2

X13
313.4
55.5
44.6
58.0
113.7
40.8
48.8
51.7
90.8
92.8

X14
128.2
160.7
172.0
134.3
178.4
148.6
159.1
181.4
157.8
19.7

X15
199.3
244.1
226.6
193.2
263.7
225.1
236.2
206.1
224.3
24.0

X16
175.2
237.7
240.3
177.6
220.6
256.2
286.9
239.6
229.3
37.8

Source: Chief District Education Office, Jalore, 2018-19

Table 02: Spatial Pattern of Educational Development#BlockX1

1Ahore-1.1
2
Bhinmal0.23
Chitalwana
1.3
4
Jalore-1.4
5Jaswantpura-0.6
6
Raniwara
1.2
7Sanchore
0.5
8
Sayla
0.0
Source: Calculated By Authors

X2X3X4X5X6X7X8X9X10X11X12X13X14X15X16

0.9
0.6
-1.1
1.8
-0.4
-0.7
-0.5
-0.6

1.0
-0.3
0.1
1.7
-0.7
-0.7
0.1
-1.3

0.9
-0.8
-0.6
1.9
-0.3
0.0
0.1
-1.3

-1.2
0.4
0.0
-1.1
-0.7
1.6
0.9
0.1

-0.4
1.1
-1.7
1.3
-0.7
0.2
0.4
-0.2

0.20.1
-0.7
1.7
-0.9
-0.1
1.0
-1.3

-0.5
-0.2
-1.4
1.2
-0.7
1.1
1.1
-0.6

1.3
0.2
-1.1
1.6
0.0
-0.8
-0.4
-0.8

0.4
-0.3
-0.8
1.6
0.9
-1.3
-0.8
0.4

0.1
-1.2
0.1
0.6
2.1
-0.6
-0.4
-0.6

0.3
-1.2
-0.2
1.4
-1.1
0.3
1.3
-0.7

2.4
-0.4
-0.5
-0.4
0.2
-0.5
-0.5
-0.4

-1.5
0.1
0.7
-1.2
1.0
-0.5
0.1
1.2

-1.0
0.8
0.1
-1.3
1.6
0.0
0.5
-0.8-1.4
0.2
0.3
-1.4
-0.2
0.7
1.50.3163

GrossValue
0.273-0.552-5.5438.178-0.460-0.2164.994-6.674Composite
Value
0.017
-0.034-0.3460.511-0.029-0.0130.312-0.417

Rank
3
67
15428

Table 3: The level of educational Development
#.
1.
2.

Category

High Development
ModerateDevelopment
3.
Less Development
Source: Calculated by authors

Block

Composite
NumberIndex Value
Above 0.3
2-0.35 to 0.3 4
Below -0.35 2

Name
Jalore, Sanchore
Ahore, Raniwara, Jaswantpura,and BhinmalSayla, Chitalwana

Recommendations
1. Government should be provided better educational facilities to students in those schools
which are located in backward area.
2. Number of educational institution, enrolment of students and number of teachers should be
increased according to area and population in Chitalwana and Sayla block.
3. There is no technical educational institute in district, required to be established in all block
headquarters of district.
4. Senior secondary school should be set up in villages having population of more than fourthousand.
5. Distribution of educational institutions should be uniform according to population and area
in district.
6. Availability of upper primary schools in all villages of district should be increased.
Conclusion
From the proceeding discussions it may be concluded that the pattern of educational amenities
development is not uniform and equally distributed in all the blocks of Jalore district. Most ofrural areas and population are facing lack of educational facilities development in the district. It
is also found that the Jalore and Sanchore block have comparatively high educational
development than Chitalwana and Sayla block. It may be concluded that there is a very highregional disparity and backwardness in the level of educational facilities in rural areas of Jalore
district, so government should not only focus on amenities development but also focus onequivalent development of all blocks of the district. Therefore the blocks with low level ofdevelopment should be given top priority so that they may come to the level of developed areas
and the concept of planning with social justice sustainable development may be fulfilled.
References
1. Ansari, S.A. and Rajender. (1995) Strategy for the Development of Educational Facilities in
Rohtak District, Hariyana. Annals of Rajasthan Geographical Association, Vol. 13, pp. 25-28
2. Kothari, Sadhna. (2003) Analysis of Spatial Disparities in Education and Health Facilities inIndia. Annals of Rajasthan Geographical Association, Vol. 17-18, pp. 51-57.
3. Makkar, Aparna. (1999) Education and Socio-Economic Development in India: Some
Generalisation of a Historical Analysis. Rajasthan Economic Journal, Vol. 23 (2), pp 39-55.
4. Naseer Y., Siddiqui F.A. and Khan, K. (2005) Dimensions of Education Development and Its
Correlates in Western Uttar Pradesh. Indian Journals of Regional Science, Vol.37 (1), pp.
101-110.
5. Swarnkar Shivani and Chaudhary Kirti. (2018) Spatial Variation in Educational Amenities ofTalwara Block of Banswara District. Journal of Global Resources Vol. 4 (2) pp. 47-53
6. Swarnkar Shivani and Rawal, Khetpal (2018) Spatial Variation of Educational Amenities ofTSP Area of Rajasthan. Annals of Rajasthan Geographical Association Vol. 34 pp. 44-51.

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