Improving the Property ‘Portfolio’of Mg Alloys by a New Integrated
Processing Technique
Yuri Estrin
Centre for Advanced Hybrid Materials
Department of Materials Engineering
Monash University, Melbourne

ICP-AFLM Meeting, Chiba Institute ofTechnology, Chiba, Japan, 9 November 2012

Improving the Property ‘Portfolio’of Mg Alloys by a New Integrated
Processing Technique
Yuri Estrin
Centre for Advanced Hybrid Materials
Department of Materials Engineering
Monash University, Melbourne
WCU Program,Seoul National University, Korea
ICP-AFLM Meeting, Chiba Institute ofTechnology, Chiba, Japan, 9 November 2012Australian Partnership for Light Metals
ResearchProfessor StJohn, Dr. Rajakumar, Prof. Muddle

Australian Partnership for Light Metals
ResearchProf. Collins, Dr. Rajakumar, Prof. Muddle

Australian Partnership for Light Metals
ResearchProf. Collins, Mr Barnes, Prof. Muddle

Australian Partnership for Light Metals
ResearchProf. Collins, Mr Barnes, Prof. Wu

Australian Partnership for Light Metals
ResearchDr. Easton, Mr Barnes, Prof. Wu

Titanium Technologies
From Ore-to-MoreJohn E. Barnes | Leader, CSIRO Titanium Technologies•FUTURE MANUFACTURING FLAGSHIP

Maximising Australia’s Natural Resources PotentialTitanium - from ore to more

Rank of Australian titanium ore reserves in the world
Amount of Titanium metal produced in Australia
Number of years until known ore is depleted
The factor of economic value of metal over ore
Resource that could be used to yield the same revenue
Years of resource left
Page 9 | Powder Metallurgy of Titanium Conference | Brisbane |Directly from Powder to Finished Product

Cold Spray Titanium
Heat treated & etchedTitanium powder
Page 10 | Powder Metallurgy of Titanium Conference | Brisbane |Cold Spray for Pre-forms

Page 11 | Powder Metallurgy of Titanium Conference | Brisbane |Continuous Sheet ProductionPowder feedstock
PowderFeedstock

Hot Rolling
Cold Rolling
PowderRolling

MillAnneal

Green Sheet
Controlled
Atmosphere

Page 12 | Powder Metallurgy of Titanium Conference | Brisbane |Consolidated
Strip

SEVERE PLASTIC DEFORMATION RESEARCH
AT MONASH UNIVERSITY

NanoSPD Group at Monash University (2000-2012)

Cu & Al alloys

Al 2124-T851

ε − c∇ 2 ε = f (σ , ε )Modelling of UFG metals
behaviour

SPD of IF andTWIP steels
Monash University

1000

True Stress, MPa

Ti alloys

Mg alloys

50 μm

Route C

8Passes
6Passes

800

4Passes
2Passes

600
1Pass400

initial20000.0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.40.5Room Temperature ECAP RigElevated Temperatures ECAP Rigs

Isothermal ECAP Unit

Asymmetric Rolling MillIn collaboration with Deakin University (Australia)

Severe Plastic Deformation Processes for Thin Samples

HPTT - High Pressure Tube Twisting

HPT - High Pressure Torsion
CCM - Cone-Cone Method

High Pressure Torsion

543Cone - Cone

12

New Results: Strengthening of Metal Tubes(i) Severe shear strain is imposed within the thickness of the sample
due to the difference in magnitude of the material flow velocities at twosurfaces resulted from different rotational velocities of the confining dieand/or mandrel.
(ii) Processing involves friction forces acting on the surfaces and ahigh hydrostatic pressure within the deformation zone resulted fromreduction of the wall thickness.

STRENGTHENED METAL TUBES
by Severe Plastic Deformation(Patent Application US61/545921)

New Results: Microstructure of Processed
Tube Sample (AA6060)

Initial microstructure(annealed at 415°C)

Microstructure after processing

New Results: CP-Ti Bio-Implants

Grain refinement and mechanical property improvement ofGrade 2 CP Titanium

Grain structure of ECAPmodified titanium

Tensile curves of coarse-grained(CG) and ultrafine-grained (UFG)titaniumNanostructured Ti Shows Distinctly Greater Preosteoblastic
Cell Growth in vitro
MC3T3-E1 cells from mice embryos
Conv Ti (control)
Nano Ti∆Absorbance (E570-E630)

0.25
0.2

0.15
0.1
0.05

Nano Ti

0Conv Ti (control)
7 Days12 Days

Y. Estrin et al.
J. Biomed. Materials Res., 2008

Integrated extrusion and ECAP
to improve the performance ofmagnesium alloy ZK60

Collaborations• Prof. Alexei Vinogradov, University of Togliatti,Russia and Osaka University, Japan• Dr. Dmytri Orlov, Reitsumeikan University,Kyoto, Japan• Dr. Daniele Pelliccia, Monash University,Australia• Prof. Nick Birbilis, Monash University, Australia

27

Aim
To improve performance of Mg-Zn-Zr alloy ZK-60
through microstructure control through an
integrated process of extrusion and equal
channel angular pressing (ECAP).

Integrating extrusion+ECAPIntermediate

SPD-processedO

1670 mm

Initial100

O100
NDTDEDZK60, Tensile Properties

Mg ZK60, Fatigue PerformanceMg ZK60, Corrosion Performance-1450

Potential (mVSCE)-1500

SPD Processed-ED
SPD Processed-ND

-1550
-1600

Intermediate-ED
Intermediate-ND-1650

Initial-ED-1700
-1750
10-7

10-6

10-5i (A/cm2)

10-4

Mg ZK60, Microstructure Evolution
along conical section of the dieMg ZK60, Microstructure Evolution by
EBSD
in PC section of the dieMg ZK60, Intermetallics Evolution by
SEM
and optical profilometry after exposure testMg ZK60, Intermetallics Evolution by
HR-TEM

SPD processed

Initialnew deformation-induced particles discovered__g <1120 >_g <0001>

Summary• Four meter long bars were manufactured byintegrated extrusion and equal channel angularpressing.
• Tensile, fatigue and corrosion properties weresimultaneously improved by such processing.
• Corrosion properties are controlled by particle
redistribution, while mechanical properties depend
primarily on microstructure and texture evolution.

Mechanical properties
Condition
Grade 2 AR

UTS, MPa480

YS, MPa
350

Elongation, %30

Grade 2 ECAP

85075020

Grade 4 AR

76662022

Grade 4 ECAP

1030

940

20

* R.Z. Valiev et al. , Advanced Engineering Materials, 10 (2008) B15-B17.
** W.-J. Kim, C.-Y. Hyun, H.-K. Kim, Scripta Materialia, 54 (2006) 1745-1750.

39

New Results: Bimetallic Tubes