Performances of Polar Codes in SteganographicEmbedding Impact Minimization
Birahime Diouf, Idy Diop, Sidi Mohamed Farssi
Department of Computer Science, Polytechnic Institute (ESP) / Cheikh Anta Diop University (UCAD), Dakar,Senegal
dioufbira11@yahoo.fr, idydiop@yahoo.fr, farsism@yahoo.com

Abstract— Syndrome coding is used in practice by many authors to define steganographic schemes that minimize embedding
impact. Polar Codes, recently introduced, are the first capacity-achieving codes with low complexity of encoding and decoding. In
this paper we propose a new practical polar coding methodology for constructing steganographic scheme. We use syndrome codingwith binary embedding operation. The approach exploits the form of the syndrome, calculated from cover and secret message. Aconnection between the syndrome decimal value and the embedding changes position is established and enables defining a newsteganographic algorithm. The wet paper codes can also be implemented using this method. Experimental results prove that thescheme minimizes the embedding impact with a reduced time complexity compared to the first Polar Coding Steganography (PCS).
The bit-reversal permutation matrix used in polar coding is also employed in practice to uniformly scatter the changes over the wholeimage.
Keyword—Embedding impact, matrix embedding, polar code, steganography, wet paper codes.
Birahime Diouf received the Electronic and Telecommunications Engineering Degree from Gaston Berger University (UGB),Saint-Louis, Senegal in 2012, and the M.Sc. in Computer Science, Modeling and Simulation of Complex Systems from Polytechnic
Institute, Cheikh Anta Diop University (UCAD), Dakar, Senegal in 2013. He is currently working towards the Ph.D. degree.
He is currently a Researcher at the Department of Computer Science, Polytechnic Institute, Cheikh Anta Diop University. His
research interests include data hiding, information theory, coding theory, image processing and signal processing.

Idy DIOP graduated from the University of Dakar. He received his engineering degree from Electronic and telecommunication in2006 to the Gaston Berger University of Saint-Louis of Senegal, and a Diploma of master research: Physics for Engineers in Ecole
Supérieure Polytechnique (ESP), Dakar-Senegal (2007). He holds a PhD in Engineering Thesis (2011): watermarking medical
image based on JPEG 2000 ESP; He is co-responsible of several memories of Master in Computer Science andTelecommunications, author of several publications in international journals and several studies reported with publications in theproceedings of International Congresses with peer and scientific committee member of several international conferences. His
research interests include steganography, steganalysis, compression, watermarking, information and coding theory and wirelesscommunications.

Sidi Mohammed FARSSI graduated from the University of Dakar. He received his engineering degree from Electrical Engineering
Design option (EEAI) in 1988 to the ESP, and a Diploma of Advanced Studies: Physics for Engineers in Paris XII (1989). He holdsa PhD in Engineering Thesis (1993): Biomedical image processing in ESP (Ecole Supérieure Polytechnique de Dakar- Senegal) andthen PhD State es-sciences (1997): Biomedical Image Processing, Dakar ESP. He is Director of several doctoral theses inInformation Processing, Director of several DEA in Computer Science and Telecommunications, Director of several memories ofMaster in Computer Science and Telecommunications, author of several publications in international journals and several studies
reported with publications in the proceedings of International Congresses with peer, expert player in international scientific journals,
scientific committee member of several international conferences, participating in several workshops and training expertise, expert
for the United Nations University for Education and Scientific Research, Member of the reflection of TOKTEN project, Expert of 'World ORT Union,
Member of Networks of Excellence SIMILAR, Member of the Society of African scientists, Expert for the recognition and equivalence of degrees to Africanschools CAM, Expert for the Association of Francophone universities AUF.