Please refer to the definition file.

206

207

208

“one”, “you”, and “they” – people in general“they” – other people and not us“you” – more than “one” or “they”
Ex.: You need to buy a ticket when you watch a movie.
They need to buy a ticket when they watch a movie.
One needs to buy a ticket when one watches a movie.

209

1. You need to buy a new cellphone tomorrow.
2. They have their own beautiful style.
3. One can’t buy cigarettes in this shop.
4. They cleaned some stuff in their room last week.
5. They are using the trash bin I gave.
6. You need to take out the trash in the big house.
7. They bought two cans of orange juice.
8. One has to throw out the trash after eating.
9. You need to turn down the volume of your music.
10. They turned off their cellphones in our class.
11. They are looking for a good place to spend the holiday.
12. They looked for me after the show.

2101. One can’t buy cigarettes in this shop.
2. You can’t buy cigarettes in this shop.
3. They can’t buy cigarettes in this shop.
4. We can’t buy cigarettes in this shop.
5. We can’t buy food in this shop.
6. We can’t sell food in this shop.
7. We can’t sell food in this store.
8. They can’t sell food in this store.

211

1. You need to buy a new cellphone tomorrow. Repeat.
2. You need to buy a new cellphone tomorrow. Change: they. --- [They need tobuy a new cellphone tomorrow.]
3. They need to buy a new cellphone tomorrow. Change: we. --- [We need to buy
a new cellphone tomorrow.]
4. We need to buy a new cellphone tomorrow. Change: one. --- [One needs tobuy a new cellphone tomorrow.]
5. One needs to buy a new cellphone tomorrow. Change: bag. --- [One needs tobuy a new bag tomorrow.]
6. One needs to buy a new bag tomorrow. Change: shirt. --- [One needs to buy a
new shirt tomorrow.]
7. One needs to buy a new shirt tomorrow. Change: next week. --- [One needs tobuy a new shirt next week.]212

1. They bought a can of orange juice.
2. They bought two cans of orange juice.
3. They bought two cans of orange juice and a bottle of water.
4. They bought two cans of orange juice and three bottles of water.
5. They bought two cans of orange juice and three bottles of water at thesupermarket.

213

1. They turned off their cellphones.
2. They turned off their new cellphones.
3. They turned off their new cellphones yesterday.
4. They turned off their new cellphones in our class yesterday.
5. They turned off their new cellphones in our English class yesterday.

214

1. They cleaned some stuff in their room last week. Repeat.
2. They cleaned some stuff in their room last week. Transform: who. --- [Whocleaned some stuff in their room last week?]
3. They cleaned some stuff in their room last week. Transform: where. --[Where did they clean some stuff last week?]
4. They cleaned some stuff in their room last week. Transform: what. --- [Whatdid they clean in their room last week?]
5. They cleaned some stuff in their room last week. Transform: when. --- [Whendid they clean some stuff in their room?]
6. They cleaned some stuff in their room last week. Transform: not. --- [Theydidn’t clean some stuff in their room last week.]215

1. They looked for me after the show at school. Repeat.
2. They looked for me after the show at school. Transform: what. --- [What did
they do after the show at school?]
3. They looked for me after the show at school. Transform: who. --- [Who looked
for me after the show at school?]
4. They looked for me after the show at school. Transform: when. --- [When did
they look for me at school?]
5. They looked for me after the show at school. Transform: where. --- [Where didthey look for me after the show?]
6. They looked for me after the show at school. Transform: not. --- [They didn’t
look for me after the show at school.]216

1. They are using the trash bin. Repeat.
2. They are using the trash bin. Add: at the shop. --- [They are using the trash
bin at the shop.]
3. They are using the trash bin at the shop. Change: you. --- [You are using thetrash bin at the shop.]
4. You are using the trash bin at the shop. Add: yesterday. --- [You were using
the trash bin at the shop yesterday.]
5. You were using the trash bin at the shop yesterday. Change: cigarette lighter.
--- [You were using the cigarette lighter at the shop yesterday.]6. You were using the cigarette lighter at the shop yesterday. Transform: who. -- [Who was using the cigarette lighter at the shop yesterday?]7. You were using the cigarette lighter at the shop yesterday. Transform: not. --[You weren’t using the cigarette lighter at the shop yesterday.]217

1. One has to throw out the trash after eating. Repeat.
2. One has to throw out the trash after eating. Change: you. --- [You have tothrow out the trash after eating.]
3. You have to throw out the trash after eating. Add: your meal. --- [You have tothrow out the trash after eating your meal.]
4. You have to throw out the trash after eating your meal. Change: they. --[They have to throw out the trash after eating their meal.]
5. They have to throw out the trash after eating their meal. Add: in the bin. --[They have to throw out the trash in the bin after eating their meal.]
6. They have to throw out the trash in the bin after eating their meal. Transform:
who. --- [Who have to throw out the trash in the bin after eating their meal?]
7. They have to throw out the trash in the bin after eating their meal. Transform:
where. --- [Where do they have to throw out the trash after eating their meal?]218

We use would like or ‘d like to say politely what we want, especially when
making requests. It requires an object, a gerund or an infinitive after it.
Ex.: I would like an apple, please. / She would like to live in that place.

219

1. She would like to organize a show for the students.
2. They would like to wander around a beautiful city.
3. He would like an improvement in his test results.
4. We would like to increase our budget next month.
5. My mother would like to separate our trash at home.
6. Our neighbors would like to borrow some money.
7. I would like to discover new things around the world.
8. She’d like a new house for her family.
9. They’d like to live in a bigger house.
10. I’d like a glass of milk before midnight.

220

1. I’d like a glass of milk before midnight.
2. He’d like a glass of milk before midnight.
3. He’d like a glass of milk before breakfast.
4. He’d like a glass of milk before lunch.
5. He’d like a glass of juice before lunch.
6. He’d like a glass of juice after lunch.
7. She’d like a glass of juice after lunch.

2211. Our neighbors would like to borrow some money. Repeat.
2. Our neighbors would like to borrow some money. Change: give. --- [Ourneighbors would like to give some money.]
3. Our neighbors would like to give some money. Change: food. --- [Ourneighbors would like to give some food.]
4. Our neighbors would like to give some food. Change: family. --- [Our family
would like to give some food.]
5. Our family would like to give some food. Change: buy. --- [Our family would
like to buy some food.]
6. Our family would like to buy some food. Change: a car. --- [Our family would
like to buy a car.]222

1. She’d like a house.
2. She’d like a new house.
3. She’d like a new house in the city.
4. She’d like a new house in the city for her family.
5. She’d like a new house in the city for her family next month.

223

1. She would like to organize a show.
2. She would like to organize a beautiful show.
3. She would like to organize a beautiful show for the students.
4. She would like to organize a beautiful show for the good students.
5. She would like to organize a beautiful show for the good students at school.

224

1. She would like a cup of tea before breakfast. Repeat.
2. She would like a cup of tea before breakfast. Transform: what. --- [Whatwould she like before breakfast?]
3. She would like a cup of tea before breakfast. Transform: who. --- [Who would
like a cup of tea before breakfast?]
4. She would like a cup of tea before breakfast. Transform: when. --- [Whenwould she like a cup of tea?]
5. She would like a cup of tea before breakfast. Transform: not. --- [She wouldn’t
like a cup of tea before breakfast.]

225

1.They would like to increase their budget next month. Repeat.
2.They would like to increase their budget next month. Transform: what. --[What would they like to increase next month?]
3. They would like to increase their budget next month. Transform: who. --[Who would like to increase their budget next month?]
4. They would like to increase their budget next month. Transform: when. --[When would they like to increase their budget?]
5. They would like to increase their budget next month. Transform: not. --- [Theywouldn’t like to increase their budget next month.]226

1. They would like to live in a big house. Repeat.
2. They would like to live in a big house. Change: small. --- [They would like tolive in a small house.]
3. They would like to live in a small house. Add: white. --- [They would like tolive in a small white house.]
4. They would like to live in a small white house. Change: blue. --- [They would
like to live in a small blue house.]
5. They would like to live in a small blue house. Add: in the city. --- [They would
like to live in a small blue house in the city.]
6. They would like to live in a small blue house in the city. Transform: who. --[Who would like to live in a small blue house in the city?]
7. They would like to live in a small blue house in the city. Transform: where. --[Where would they like to live in a small blue house?]227

1. Who would like to organize a show for the students? --- She would like …
[She would like to organize a show for the students.]
2. Would he like an improvement in his test results? --- Yes, he would like …
[Yes, he would like an improvement in his test results.]
3. Would our neighbors like to borrow some money? --- Yes, our neighbors …
[Yes, our neighbors would like to borrow some money.]
4. Who would like to separate our trash at home? --- My mother … [My motherwould like to separate our trash at home.]
5. Who would like to discover new things around the world? --- I would like … [Iwould like to discover new things around the world.]228

[1. We would like to increase our budget next month.][2. She’d like a new house for her family.][3. They’d like to live in a bigger house.][4. They would like wandering in a beautiful city.][5. I’d like a glass of milk before midnight.]

229

230

231

232

233

234

235

1. I wrote everything in that magazine.
2. Every student in our class brought a map when they went to Japan.
3. Everybody in the house heard the news from the media.
4. Everything in my notes is important.
5. We cleaned every object in my room last weekend.
6. You need to take out the trash in the big house.
7. They bought two cans of orange juice.
8. One has to throw out the trash after eating.
9. You need to lower the volume of your voices.
10. They turned off their cellphones in our class.

236

1. magazine
2. diary
3. object
4. media
5. mail237

1. You need to buy a new cellphone tomorrow. Repeat.
2. You need to buy a new cellphone tomorrow. Change: they. --- [They need tobuy a new cellphone tomorrow.]
3. They need to buy a new cellphone tomorrow. Change: we. --- [We need to buy
a new cellphone tomorrow.]
4. We need to buy a new cellphone tomorrow. Change: one. --- [One needs tobuy a new cellphone tomorrow.]
5. One needs to buy a new cellphone tomorrow. Change: bag. --- [One needs tobuy a new bag tomorrow.]
6. One needs to buy a new bag tomorrow. Change: shirt. --- [One needs to buy a
new shirt tomorrow.]
7. One needs to buy a new shirt tomorrow. Change: next week. --- [One needs tobuy a new shirt next week.]238

1. They bought a can of orange juice.
2. They bought two cans of orange juice.
3. They bought two cans of orange juice and a bottle of water.
4. They bought two cans of orange juice and three bottles of water.
5. They bought two cans of orange juice and three bottles of water at thesupermarket.

239

1. Everybody heard the news.
2. Everybody in the house heard the news.
3. Everybody in the house heard the bad news.
4. Everybody in the house heard the bad news from the media.
5. Everybody in the house heard the bad news from the media yesterday.

240

1. Everybody in the house heard the news from the media yesterday. Repeat.
2. Everybody in the house heard the news from the media yesterday. Transform:
who. --- [Who heard the news from the media yesterday?]
3. Everybody in the house heard the news from the media yesterday. Transform:
what. --- [What did everybody in the house hear from the media yesterday?]
4. Everybody in the house heard the news from the media yesterday. Transform:
when. --- [When did everybody in the house hear the news from the media?]
5. Everybody in the house heard the news from the media yesterday. Transform:
not. --- [Everybody in the house didn’t hear the news from the media yesterday.]241

1. They looked for me after the show at school. Repeat.
2. They looked for me after the show at school. Transform: what. --- [What did
they do after the show at school?]
3. They looked for me after the show at school. Transform: who. --- [Who looked
for me after the show at school?]
4. They looked for me after the show at school. Transform: when. --- [When did
they look for me at school?]
5. They looked for me after the show at school. Transform: where. --- [Where didthey look for me after the show?]
6. They looked for me after the show at school. Transform: not. --- [They didn’t
look for me after the show at school.]242

1. I put everything in a bag. Repeat.
2. I put everything in a bag. Add: big. --- [I put everything in a big bag.]
3. I put everything in a big bag. Change: box. --- [I put everything in a big box.]
4. I put everything in a big box. Add: this morning. --- [I put everything in a big
box this morning.]
5. I put everything in a big box this morning. Change: she. --- [She put
everything in a big box this morning.]
6. She put everything in a big box this morning. Transform: who. --- [Who put
everything in a big box this morning?]
7. She put everything in a big box this morning. Transform: where. --- [Where
did she put everything this morning?]

243

1. Did I put everything I bought in a bag made of plastic? --- [Yes, I put
everything I bought in a bag made of plastic.]
2. Did we clean every object in my room last weekend? --- [Yes, we cleaned
every object in my room last weekend.]
3. Did he ask everybody to give the payment yesterday? --- [Yes, he asked
everybody to give the payment yesterday.]
4. Did my family receive every piece of mail I sent when I was in London? --- [No,my family didn’t receive every piece of mail I sent when I was in London.]
5. Did everybody in my class give me a flower pot to fill my garden? --- [Yes,everyone in my class gave me a flower pot to fill my garden.]244

1. media/i/

2. magazine /æ/
3. map/æ/

4. object/ɑ/

5. pot/ɑ/245

1. magazine
2. media
3. diary
4. object
5. plastic

246

1. Everybody in the house heard the bad news from the media yesterday.
2. My mother would like to separate our trash at home.
3. They are looking for a good place to spend the holiday.
4. She would like to organize a show for the students.
5. My family did not receive every piece of email I sent when I was in London.
6. I visited some beautiful places and I wrote everything in my diary.
7. You need to turn down the volume of your music.
8. One can’t buy cigarettes in this shop.

247

Please refer to the definition file.

248

249

‘have to / must + infinitive’ – obligation, necessary things to do, give advice
must – to show that we are certain something is true or to express a strong
obligation; personal circumstancehave – to express a strong obligation; external circumstanceEx.: I must go now. / You have to go now.

250

1. You must add up the even numbers on the board.
2. She has to give a negative comment about the issue.
3. We have to reach the average number of students.
4. I must get a perfect average next year.
5. They have to add up these numbers.
6. Everybody must receive a good education.
7. Every teacher has to use the best educational material.
8. He has to choose the best course at the university.
9. They have to get the highest degree to get the job.
10. The students must study their lessons before the test.
11. You have to get good grades in school this year.
12. She must eat the right quantity of food.

251

1. Everybody must receive a good education.
2. Everybody has to receive a good education.
3. They have to receive a good education.
4. They have to receive good pay.
5. They must receive good pay.
6. They must give good pay.
7. We must give good pay.
8. We must get good pay.

252

1. The students must study their lessons before the test. Repeat.
2. The students must study their lessons before the test. Change: have to. --[The students have to study their lessons before the test.]
3. The students have to study their lessons before the test. Change: read. --[The students have to read their lessons before the test.]
4. The students have to read their lessons before the test. Change: books. --[The students have to read their books before the test.]
5. The students have to read their books before the test. Change: exam. --- [Thestudents have to read their books before the exam.]6. The students have to read their books before the exam. Change: after. --[The students have to read their books after the exam.]253

1. The students must study.
2. The students must study their lessons.
3. The students must study their English lessons.
4. The students must study their English and math lessons.
5. The students must study their English and math lessons before the test.
6. The students must study their English and math lessons before the test
tomorrow.

254

1. average
2. educational
3. quantity
4. even
5. lesson255

1. You must add up the numbers.
2. You must add up the even numbers.
3. You must add up the even numbers 2 and 4.
4. You must add up the even numbers 2 and 4 on the board.
5. You must add up the even numbers 2 and 4 on the whiteboard.
6. You must add up the even numbers 2 and 4 on the whiteboard after the class.

256

1. I have to get a perfect average next year. Repeat.
2. I have to get a perfect average next year. Transform: who. --- [Who has to geta perfect average next year?]
3. I have to get a perfect average next year. Transform: what. --- [What do you
have to get next year?]
4. I have to get a perfect average next year. Transform: when. --- [When do you
have to get a perfect average?]
5. I have to get a perfect average next year. Transform: not. --- [I don’t have to
get a perfect average next year.]257

1. They have to add up these numbers on the board this afternoon. Repeat.
2. They have to add up these numbers on the board this afternoon. Transform:
who. --- [Who have to add up these numbers on the board this afternoon?]
3. They have to add up these numbers on the board this afternoon. Transform:
where. --- [Where do they have to add up these numbers this afternoon?]
4. They have to add up these numbers on the board this afternoon. Transform:
when. --- [When do they have to add up these numbers on the board?]
5. They have to add up these numbers on the board this afternoon. Transform:
not. --- [They don’t have to add up these numbers on the board this afternoon.]258

1. educational
2. average
3. degree
4. negative
5. quantity259

[1. They have to add up | these numbers.⤵][2. Every teacher | has to use | the best educational material.⤵][3. He has to choose | the best course | at the university.⤵][4. She must eat | the right quantity of food.⤵][5. You must add up | the even numbers | on the board.⤵]260

1. She must eat the right quantity of food. Repeat.
2. She must eat the right quantity of food. Change: amount. --- [She must eat
the right amount of food.]
3. She must eat the right amount of food. Add: healthy. --- [She must eat theright amount of healthy food.]
4. She must eat the right amount of healthy food. Change: you. --- [You must eat
the right amount of healthy food.]
5. You must eat the right amount of healthy food. Add: every day. --- [You must
eat the right amount of healthy food every day.]6. You must eat the right amount of healthy food every day. Transform: who. --[Who must eat the right amount of healthy food every day?]7. You must eat the right amount of healthy food every day. Transform: what. --[What must you eat every day?]8. You must eat the right amount of healthy food every day. Transform: when. -- [When must you eat the right amount of healthy food?]261

1. Who has to reach the average number of students? --- [We have to reach theaverage number of students.]
2. Who must receive a good education? --- [Everybody must receive goodeducation.]
3. Do they have to get the highest degree to get the job? --- [Yes, they have to
get the highest degree to get the job.]
4. Must she eat the right quantity of food? --- [Yes, she must eat the rightquantity of food.]
5. Who has to choose the best course at the university? --- [He has to choose
the best course at the university.]262

Please refer to the definition file.

263

264

1. I asked him to ring the bell outside the door.
2. He used a calculator to add up the numbers on the board.
3. You have to look it up on your computer.
4. My town got the highest score in the regional competition.
5. They found the child after a long search.
6. Her mother was cooking when she turned on the radio.
7. He was turning over a page of his book when she shouted.
8. You must wash it up with soap and water.
9. The people in that area need more supplies of food and water.
10. This video is interesting and educational.
11. They put the waste in the trash bin.
12. She bought a hat made of tin.

265

1. This video is interesting and educational.
2. That video is interesting and educational.
3. That video is realistic and educational.
4. That film is realistic and educational.
5. That film is realistic and successful.
6. That film is nice and successful.

266

1. They found the child after a long search. Repeat.
2. They found the child after a long search. Change: baby. --- [They found thebaby after a long search.]
3. They found the baby after a long search. Change: bag. --- [They found thebag after a long search.]
4. They found the bag after a long search. Change: dog. --- [They found the dog
after a long search.]
5. They found the dog after a long search. Change: she. --- [She found the dog
after a long search.]
6. She found the dog after a long search. Change: we. --- [We found the dog
after a long search.]267

1. He used a calculator.
2. He used a small calculator.
3. He used a small calculator to add up the numbers.
4. He used a small calculator to add up the even numbers.
5. He used a small calculator to add up the even numbers on the board.
6. He used a small calculator to add up the even numbers on the white board.

268

1. You must wash up.
2. You must wash your face.
3. You must wash your face with soap.
4. You must wash your face with soap and water.
5. You must wash your face with soap and clean water.
6. You must wash your face with soap and clean water before sleeping.

269

1. I asked him to ring the bell outside the door this morning. Repeat.
2. I asked him to ring the bell outside the door this morning. Transform: who. --[Who asked him to ring the bell outside the door this morning?]
3. I asked him to ring the bell outside the door this morning. Transform: when. -- [When did you ask him to ring the bell outside the door?]
4. I asked him to ring the bell outside the door this morning. Transform: what. -- [What did you ask him to do this morning?]
5. I asked him to ring the bell outside the door this morning. Transform: not. --[I didn’t ask him to ring the bell outside the door this morning.]

270

1. She bought a hat made of tin at the shop yesterday. Repeat.
2. She bought a hat made of tin at the shop yesterday. Transform: who. --- [Whobought a hat made of tin at the shop yesterday?]
3. She bought a hat made of tin at the shop yesterday. Transform: what. --[What did she buy at the shop yesterday?]
4. She bought a hat made of tin at the shop yesterday. Transform: where. --[Where did she buy a hat made of tin yesterday?]
5. She bought a hat made of tin at the shop yesterday. Transform: when. --[When did she buy a hat made of tin at the shop?]
6. She bought a hat made of tin at the shop yesterday. Transform: not. --- [Shedidn’t buy a hat made of tin at the shop yesterday.]271

1. Her mother was cooking when she turned on the radio. Repeat.
2. Her mother was cooking when she turned on the radio. Change: father. --[Her father was cooking when she turned on the radio.]
3. Her father was cooking when she turned on the radio. Add: in the kitchen. --[Her father was cooking in the kitchen when she turned on the radio.]
4. Her father was cooking in the kitchen when she turned on the radio. Change:
TV. --- [Her father was cooking in the kitchen when she turned on the TV.]
5. Her father was cooking in the kitchen when she turned on the TV. Add: radio.
--- [Her father was cooking in the kitchen when she turned on the TV and theradio.]
6. Her father was cooking in the kitchen when she turned on the TV and theradio. Transform: who. --- [Who was cooking in the kitchen when she turned on
the TV and the radio?]
7. Her father was cooking in the kitchen when she turned on the TV and theradio. Transform: where. --- [Where was her father cooking when she turned on
the TV and the radio?]
8. Her father was cooking in the kitchen when she turned on the TV and theradio. Transform: not. --- [Her father wasn’t cooking in the kitchen when she
turned on the TV and the radio.]272

1. Who put the waste in the trash bin? --- They put … [They put the waste
in the trash bin.]
2. Did they find the child after a long search? --- Yes, they … [Yes, theyfound the child after a long search.]
3. What was he doing when she shouted? --- He was turning over apage … [He was turning over a page of his book when she shouted.]
4. What do the people in that area need? --- The people in that area
need … [The people in that area need more supply of food and water.]
5. What did she buy? --- She bought ... [She bought a hat made of tin.]
6. Did my town get the highest score in the regional competition? --- Yes,
your town … [Yes, your town got the highest score in the regional
competition.]
7. Where do you have to look it up? --- I have to … [I have to look it up on
your computer.]
8. Did I ask him to ring the bell outside the door? --- Yes, you asked …
[Yes, you asked him to ring the bell outside the door.]

273

Please refer to the definition file.

274

275

The Present Perfect tense is formed with a present tense form of “to have” plus
the past participle of the verb which can be either regular or irregular in form.
This tense indicates either that an action was completed at some point in thepast but is relevant in some way to the present.
Structure: subject + have/has + past participle
Ex.: I have walked two miles already. / She has been to Japan.

276

1. They have been interested in fishing.
2. He has continued his studies in London.
3. The internet has been a big help for most people.
4. They have discussed everything inside the court.
5. He has defended his mistake.
6. Their defense in the competition has been successful.
7. She has given her most beautiful selection of bags.
8. They have chosen an interesting theme for the competition.
9. He has been interested in buying different kinds of cycles.
10. My mother has kept on reading her old books.
11. She has asked me to turn up the TV this morning.
12. Our parents have told us to use up all the food on the table.

277

1. They have been interested in fishing.
2. He has been interested in fishing.
3. He has been interested in driving.
4. She has been interested in driving.
5. She has been interested in shopping.
6. She has been interested in swimming.
7. We have been interested in swimming.
8. We have been interested in dancing.

278

1. They have discussed everything inside the court. Repeat.
2. They have discussed everything inside the court. Change: room. --- [Theyhave discussed everything inside the room.]
3. They have discussed everything inside the room. Change: we. --- [We havediscussed everything inside the room.]
4. We have discussed everything inside the room. Change: she. --- [She has
discussed everything inside the room.]
5. She has discussed everything inside the room. Change: cleaned. --- [She hascleaned everything inside the room.]
6. She has cleaned everything inside the room. Change: house. --- [She hascleaned everything inside the house.]279

1. fishing
2. defense
3. selection
4. internet

280

1. She asked me to turn up the TV.
2. She has asked me to turn up the TV.
3. She has asked me to turn up the TV and the radio.
4. She has asked me to turn up the TV and the radio this morning.
5. She has asked me to turn up the TV and the radio early this morning.

281

1. She has given her bags.
2. She has given her a selection of bags.
3. She has given her a selection of shoes and bags.
4. She has given her a beautiful selection of shoes and bags.
5. She has given her the most beautiful selection of shoes and bags.
6. She has given her the most beautiful selection of shoes and bags to her
friends.

282

1. He has continued his studies in London. Repeat.
2. He has continued his studies in London. Transform: who. --- [Who has
continued his studies in London?]
3. He has continued his studies in London. Transform: where. --- [Where has hecontinued his studies?]
4. He has continued his studies in London. Transform: what. --- [What has hecontinued in London?]
5. He has continued his studies in London. Transform: not. --- [He hasn’t
continued his studies in London.]283

1. internet
2. defend
3. court
4. cycle
5. selection284

1. My mother has kept on reading her old books in her room. Repeat.
2. My mother has kept on reading her old books in her room. Transform: who. -- [Who has kept on reading her old books in her room?]
3. My mother has kept on reading her old books in her room. Transform: what. -- [What has my mother kept on doing in her room?]
4. My mother has kept on reading her old books in her room. Transform: where.
--- [Where has my mother kept on reading her old books?]
5. My mother has kept on reading her old books in her room. Transform: not. --[My mother hasn’t kept on reading her old books in her room.]285

1. They have chosen an interesting theme for the competition. Repeat.
2. They have chosen an interesting theme for the competition. Change: show. -- [They have chosen an interesting theme for the show.]
3. They have chosen an interesting theme for the show. Add: on Sunday. --[They have chosen an interesting theme for the show on Sunday.]
4. They have chosen an interesting theme for the show on Sunday. Change: we.
--- [We have chosen an interesting theme for the show on Sunday.]
5. We have chosen an interesting theme for the show on Sunday. Add:
afternoon. --- [We have chosen an interesting theme for the show on Sunday
afternoon.]
6. We have chosen an interesting theme for the show on Sunday afternoon.
Change: lovely. --- [We have chosen a lovely theme for the show on Sunday
afternoon.]
7. We have chosen a lovely theme for the show on Sunday afternoon.
Transform: who. --- [Who has chosen a lovely theme for the show on Sunday
afternoon?]
8. We have chosen a lovely theme for the show on Sunday afternoon.
Transform: what. --- [What have we chosen for the show on Sunday afternoon?]286

1. Have they been interested in fishing? --- [Yes, they have been interested infishing.]
2. Who has discussed everything inside the court? --- [They have discussed
everything inside the court.]
3. What has been successful in the competition? --- [Their defense in thecompetition has been successful.]
4. Has she given her most beautiful selection of bags? --- [Yes, she has given
her most beautiful selection of bags.]
5. Who has told us to use up all the food on the table? --- [Our parents have told
us to use up all the food on the table.]
6. What has been a big help for most people? --- [The internet has been a big
help for most people.]
7. Has he defended his mistake? --- [Yes, he has defended his mistake.]
8. What has he been interested in buying? --- [He has been interested in buying
different kinds of cycles.]287[1. She has given | her most beautiful selection | of bags.⤵][2. He has been interested | in buying different kinds | of cycles.⤵][3. They have discussed everything | inside the court.⤵][4. My mother has kept on reading | her old books.⤵][5. Our parents have told us | to use up all the food | on the table.⤵]288however – join two simple sentences to make a compound sentence; show
contrast between the two independent clauses.
Ex.: Maria wanted to go to the mountains; however, the rain was heavy
yesterday.
Jane wanted to bring her dog to the shop. However, the shop doesn’t allow
dogs.
although and though – introduce a clause that contrasts the main clause; bothmean ‘in spite of something’Ex.: John ate the food although it was not good.
Though Theresa was feeling bad, she cooked something for her husband.

289

1. Maria misses her friend so much although she sees her every day.
2. Though the weather was cold, Bob went out to buy some food.
3. Tom has a lot of money; however, he is not happy.
4. The teacher arrived early at school; however, she came in late for her firstclass.
5. Anna can speak Chinese; however, she can’t write in Chinese.
6. Mary failed the exam although she studied hard.
7. Although Jane won the game, she wasn’t happy.
8. I did not send you a text message; however, I emailed a message to you.
9. Although the coffee tasted bad, I drank it because it was hot.
10. Bill will join the practice; however, he will be late.
11. Although she lives near my house, I don’t see her every day.
12. Theresa is working although she feels bad.

290

1. Theresa is working although she feels bad.
2. John is working although he feels bad.
3. John is practicing although he feels bad.
4. John is dancing although he feels bad.
5. John is teaching although he feels bad.
6. The teacher is teaching although he feels bad.
7. The teacher is discussing although he feels bad.
8. The teacher is discussing although he feels sad.

291

1. Mary failed the exam although she studied hard.
2. Mary failed the exam in math although she studied hard.
3. Mary failed the exam in math yesterday although she studied hard.
4. Mary and John failed the exam in math yesterday although they studied hard.

292

1. Although she lives near my house, I don’t see her every day.
2. Although John lives near my house, I don’t see him every day.
3. Although John lives near my office, I don’t see him every day.
4. Although John lives near Anna’s office, Anna doesn’t see him every day.
5. Although Bob lives near Anna’s office, Anna doesn’t see him every day.
6. Although Bob works near Anna’s office, Anna doesn’t see him every day.
7. Although Bob teaches near Anna’s office, Anna doesn’t see him every day.

293

1. Bill will join the practice; however, he will be late.
2. Bill will join the practice in the park; however, he will be late.
3. Bill will join the practice in the park today; however, he will be late.
4. Bill will join the basketball practice in the park today; however, he will be late.
5. Bill and Bob will join the basketball practice in the park today; however, they
will be late.
6. Bill and Bob will join the basketball practice in the park today; however, they
will be 10 minutes late.

294

1. Though the weather was cold, Bob went out to buy some food. Repeat.
2. Though the weather was cold, Bob went out to buy some food. Change: hot. -- [Though the weather was hot , Bob went out to buy some food.]
3. Though the weather was hot, Bob went out to buy some food. Change: drinks.
--- [Though the weather was hot, Bob went out to buy some drinks.]
4. Though the weather was hot, Bob went out to buy some drinks. Change: cupof tea. --- [Though the weather was hot, Bob went out to buy a cup of tea.]
5. Though the weather was hot, Bob went out to buy a cup of tea. Change: glassof milk. --- [Though the weather was hot, Bob went out to buy a glass of milk.]
6. Though the weather was hot, Bob went out to buy a glass of milk. Change:
water. --- [Though the weather was hot, Bob went out to buy a glass of water.]
7. Though the weather was hot, Bob went out to buy a glass of water. Change:
bottle. --- [Though the weather was hot, Bob went out to buy a bottle of water.]295

1. to you.
2. message to you.
3. a message to you.
4. emailed a message to you.
5. I emailed a message to you.
6. however, I emailed a message to you.
7. text message; however, I emailed a message to you.
8. a text message; however, I emailed a message to you.
9. send you a text message; however, I emailed a message to you.
10. I did not send you a text message; however, I emailed a message to you.

296

1. Bill will join the practice; although, he will be late. --- [incorrect – Bill will join
the practice; however, he will be late.]
2. Theresa is working however she feels bad. --- [incorrect – Theresa is working
although she feels bad.]
3. Tom has a lot of money; however, he is not happy. --- [correct]
4. However, the coffee tasted bad, I drank it because it was hot. --- [incorrect –Although the coffee tasted bad, I drank it because it was hot.]
5. Mary failed the exam although she studied hard. --- [correct.]
6. Although Bob teaches near Anna’s office, Anna doesn’t see him every day. --[correct]
7. However the weather was cold, Bob went out to buy some food. --- [incorrect– Though the weather was cold, Bob went out to buy some food.]
8. Though the weather was hot, Bob went out to buy a bottle of water. --[correct]297

[1. We cooked the food however he wasn’t there.][2. Although I didn’t enjoy the movie, everybody in the theater
enjoyed it.]
[3. Anna looks young; though she’s forty years old now.][4. John studied hard for the exam; however he failed the exam.]298

[5. Theresa is a nice girl; however Anna doesn’t like her.][6. Although John is crazy, Mary still loves him.][7. Bob was busy; however he joined the meeting.][8. Though the weather was bad, the players practiced in
the park.]

299

300

301

302

303

304

1. You must add up the even numbers on the board.
2. She has to give a negative comment about the issue.
3. We have to reach the average number of students.
4. I must get a perfect average next year.
5. They have to add up these numbers.
6. Her mother was cooking when she turned on the radio.
7. He was turning over a page of his book when she shouted.
8. You must wash it up with soap and water.
9. The people in that area need larger supply of food and water.
10. This video is interesting and educational.

305

1. average
2. educational
3. quantity
4. defense
5. selection
6. internet306

1. They have discussed everything inside the court. Repeat.
2. They have discussed everything inside the court. Change: room. --- [Theyhave discussed everything inside the room.]
3. They have discussed everything inside the room. Change: we. --- [We havediscussed everything inside the room.]
4. We have discussed everything inside the room. Change: she. --- [She has
discussed everything inside the room.]
5. She has discussed everything inside the room. Change: cleaned. --- [She hascleaned everything inside the room.]
6. She has cleaned everything inside the room. Change: house. --- [She hascleaned everything inside the house.]307

1. He used a calculator.
2. He used a small calculator.
3. He used a small calculator to add up the numbers.
4. He used a small calculator to add up the even numbers.
5. He used a small calculator to add up the even numbers on the board.
6. He used a small calculator to add up the even numbers on the whiteboard.

308

1. The students must study.
2. The students must study their lessons.
3. The students must study their English lessons.
4. The students must study their English and math lessons.
5. The students must study their English and math lessons before the test.
6. The students must study their English and math lessons before the test
tomorrow.

309

1. I asked him to ring the bell outside the door this morning. Repeat.
2. I asked him to ring the bell outside the door this morning. Transform: who. --[Who asked him to ring the bell outside the door this morning?]
3. I asked him to ring the bell outside the door this morning. Transform: when. -- [When did you ask him to ring the bell outside the door?]
4. I asked him to ring the bell outside the door this morning. Transform: what. -- [What did you ask him to do this morning?]
5. I asked him to ring the bell outside the door this morning. Transform: not. --[I didn’t ask him to ring the bell outside the door this morning.]

310

1. My mother has kept on reading her old books in her room. Repeat.
2. My mother has kept on reading her old books in her room. Transform: who. -- [Who has kept on reading her old books in her room?]
3. My mother has kept on reading her old books in her room. Transform: what. -- [What has my mother kept on doing in her room?]
4. My mother has kept on reading her old books in her room. Transform: where.
--- [Where has my mother kept on reading her old books?]
5. My mother has kept on reading her old books in her room. Transform: not. --[My mother hasn’t kept on reading her old books in her room.]311

1. They have chosen an interesting theme for the competition. Repeat.
2. They have chosen an interesting theme for the competition. Change: show. -- [They have chosen an interesting theme for the show.]
3. They have chosen an interesting theme for the show. Add: on Sunday. --[They have chosen an interesting theme for the show on Sunday.]
4. They have chosen an interesting theme for the show on Sunday. Change: we.
--- [We have chosen an interesting theme for the show on Sunday.]
5. We have chosen an interesting theme for the show on Sunday. Add:
afternoon. --- [We have chosen an interesting theme for the show on Sunday
afternoon.]
6. We have chosen an interesting theme for the show on Sunday afternoon.
Change: lovely. --- [We have chosen a lovely theme for the show on Sunday
afternoon.]
7. We have chosen a lovely theme for the show on Sunday afternoon.
Transform: who. --- [Who has chosen a lovely theme for the show on Sunday
afternoon?]
8. We have chosen a lovely theme for the show on Sunday afternoon.
Transform: what. --- [What have we chosen for the show on Sunday afternoon?]312

1. Who has to reach the average number of students? --- [We have to reach theaverage number of students.]
2. Who must receive a good education? --- [Everybody must receive a goodeducation.]
3. Do they have to get the highest degree to get the job? --- [Yes, they have to
get the highest degree to get the job.]
4. Must she eat the right quantity of food? --- [Yes, she must eat the rightquantity of food.]
5. Who has to choose the best course at the university? --- [He has to choose
the best course at the university.]313

1. internet
2. defend
3. selection
4. educational
5. average
6. quantity314[1. She must eat | the right quantity of food. ][2. You must add up | the even numbers | on the board.⤵][3. She has given | her most beautiful selection | of bags.⤵][4. He has been interested | in buying different kinds | of cycles.⤵][5. They have discussed everything | inside the court.⤵]315

1. Every teacher has to use the best educational material.
2. The people in that area need more supplies of food and water.
3. They have chosen an interesting theme for the competition.
4. She has to give a negative comment about the issue.
5. My town got the highest score in the regional competition.
6. Our parents have told us to use up all the food on the table.
7. He was turning over a page of his book when she shouted.
8. He used a calculator to add up the numbers on the board.

316