EO contributes to integrating
Nature into Economic Activities
Yongyut Trisurat
Kasetsart University, Thailand
Co-chair, APBONBiodiversity and Sustainable Society

EO contributes tointegrating
Nature into
EconomicActivities

IPBES (2016)

Economics/Well-being

IPBES (2016)

Case Study 1: Regional Level
Basin-WideAssessment onImpacts of Climate
Change on Rice
production in theLower Mekong
Basin

Trisurat et al. (2018)

Mekong Basin
795,000 km2:
Upper (24%)
LMB (76%)
Population 60.6M (2010)
65 M 92020)5

Rainfall and Irrigation(8%)

6

InVEST model input data
ClimatePrecipitation, PET
Soils
Soil depth, PAWC
Land Use/Land CoverRoot depth,evapotranspiration
coefficient (Kc)

7Predicted Water Yield and Changes
Water yield (mm) by pixel change from baseline

GF85H30

GS45M30

MRC (2011)

Implications: Food security

Suit. class Baseline (%) GS45M30 (%)
High (S1)
36.39
33.29
+irrigation
36.60
33.49
Mod (S2)
19.57
20.81
19.41
20.66
Low (L3)
10.43
10.53
10.44
10.54
N
33.61
35.38
33.55
35.31

GS45M30
Baseline

Rice productions are required to increase up
to 50% in the next 30 years to meet thedemand for a growing population (Cosslett etal., 2018; MRC, 2015)

Trisurat et al. (2018)

Case Study 2: Integrated LU planning at 2 small
watersheds in northern Thailand
Watershed area
Na Luang sub-watershed = 1,245 ha• Forest sub-watershed = 251 ha• Maize sub-watershed = 427 ha

Physical characteristic
Average elevation : 550 msl.
Average slope : 31.40%

Climate characteristic
Total rainfall : 1,237.9 mm.
Average temperature : 24 .C(TMD, 2017)

Phetcharaburanin (2021)

Land use scenarios 2030
SC4LU2016 +RCP8.5SC6SC5Sandbox +RCP8.5

Trend +
RCP8.5(Baseline)(Market-oriented)

Without S&W
Conservation

With S&W
Conservation

Maize 34%

with S&W
conservation.

Maize 22%

Rubber 1%
Others 11%

Maize 41%

Rubber 7%
Others 11%

Forest 54%

Forest 47%
Rubber 1%
Others 11%

Forest 60%

Dry period

Wet period

Dry period

Water yield• CC plays more role > LUC.
• Peak flow in wet period was 2-months
delay• Water yield: SC1 > SC2 > SC3• Water in dry period SC2 > SC1 > SC3

Dry period

Wet period

Sediment• Sediment yield: SC1 > 3 > 2• Rainfall during dry period could not cause
sedimentation into the stream.

Dry period

Economic value(million baht)*22-years cultivation (rubber tree)

SC

Hydrologicalservices value

PV income*
Maize

Para
rubberPV cost*
Maize

Para
rubberNet
benefit

NPV B/C ratio

SC1

40.7 321.76

9.82 263.45

4.03

23.37 13.74

1.08

SC2

6.2 384.13

9.82 314.60

4.03

69.18 15.57

1.21

SC3

9.8 202.05

79.46 165.45

32.57

73.71 40.63

1.35

SC43.9. 321.76

9.82 263.45

4.03

60.17 13.74

1.22SC5

4.7 384.13

9.82 314.60

4.03

70.67 15.57

1.22SC6

2.9 202.05

79.46 165.45

32.57

82.53 40.63

1.40

LU2016PV = present value

TrendSandbox

Appraise

Using multicriteria decisionanalysis (MCDA)
Hydrological services• Water supply• Soil loss prevention

AppropriatenessAppropriate score
Land use appraisal level

Land use planning

Economic criteria• Water supply• Dredging• NPV for maize• NPV for rubber
SC1

SC2

SC3

SC4

SC5

SC6

10.20

1.22

1.25

0.47

0.47

0.12

Moderate

HighHighHighHighHigh

Baseline (SC1)
Not recommended due to lowest B/C ratio (1.08) and moderate suit.
Trend or BUA (SC2)
is appropriate for maize cropping only because of low investment cost. BUT soil andwater conservation is required such as terracing to reduce surface runoff andsediment in wet season.
Sandbox (SC3)
is suitable to generate household income from maize and rubber plantations (B/Cratio = 1.35). In addition, water shortage in dry season and sedimentation is minimal.
Scenarios 4, 5, and 6 (RCP 8.5)
More rainfall is expected in wet season (200 mm). BUT water shortage in late dry
season is predicted for all scenarios (less severe). Water storage such as pond andcheck dam are recommended.

Conclusions
EO is an important tool to define direct drivers(e.g., land use, climate change)
Changes in direct drivers will alter nature andbiodiversity characteristics at local, national,regional and global scales.
Nature’s benefits and economic values can bequantified and smart decisions can be madebased on science-policy interface forsustainable development.