日本・インド環境ウィーク
I n d i a - J a p a n E n v i r o n m e n t We e k

インド概況と環境ビジネス機会India and its Environment -related
Business Opportunities

Ta k u H i r o k i , D i r e c t o r
D i r e c t o r, J E T R O N e w D e l h i
1 3 th J a n u a r y 2 0 2 3

1Profile of India
Basic Profile•

Population: 1.4 billion (July 2022, UN estimate)•

Area: 3.3 million sq. km (9 times bigger thanJapan)•GDP: USD 3.5 billion (2022, IMF estimate）

Society●•Languages: 22 recognized by the Constitutionof India, of which Hindi is an Official Language•

Ethnic Groups: 5 major racial types (Australoid,Mongoloid, Europoid, Caucasian, and Negroid)•Religions: Hindus (80.5%), Muslims (13.4%),
Christians, Sikhs, Buddhists, Jains, and others

Governing Structure•

Capital: New Delhi•

Administrative Divisions:
28 States and 8 Union Territories•

Legislative Branch:-Lok Sabha (House of the People)-Rajya Sabha (Council of States)

Data Sources: National Portal of India, UN, IMF
Copyright © 2023 JETRO. All rights reserved.

2

India to become the most populous country2◼ India is projected to surpass China as the world’s most populous

country in 2023, according to the latest UN report in 2022.
(Age) 100

100

90

90

80

80

70

70

60

60

50

50

40

40

30

30

20

20

1010002022
1.42 bn
Median age(years): 27.9Males

2050(Mediumscenarioprojection)

16.7 bn
Median age(years): 38.1
Still indemographicbonus

Females

100

90

90

80

80

70

70

60

60

50

50

40

4030302020

101000Females

Data Source: UN “World Population Prospects 2022”

Median age(years): 38.5

Males

100

Males

1.43 bn

Females

1.31 bn
Median age(years): 50.7
Aging society
Males

Females
Copyright © 2021 JETRO. All rights reserved.

3

India to become the 3 rd largest economy

3◼ India is expected to become the third largest economy in the world innear future.
GDP Rankings (including projections)

2030

2016
US

18,562

China

11,392

Japan

3,495

India

2,251

0

10,00020,000

2050

China

26,499US

23,475

India

4,730

Germany（in USD Billion）

China

49,853

US

34,102

India

7,841

26,021

Japan

5,468

Indonesia7,275

Germany

4,347

Japan

6,779

020,000

40,000050,000

100,000

Data Source: PwC “The World in 2050”
Copyright © 2022 JETRO. All rights reserved.

4

4

Economic policies by PM Narendra Modi

◼ PM Narendra Modi has tackled many challenges in India to improve thebusiness environment in India since his inauguration in 2014.
New reforms since 2014

World Bank “Doing Business” Rankings

Establishment of NITI Aayog (January 2015)•NITI Aayog was established as a new think-tankbody of the central government.

Introduction of GST (July 2017)•Goods and Services Tax (GST) was introduced
to unify several indirect taxes which each state
had its own rules on.

PM Narendra Modi

6377100

Production Linked Incentives (since April 2020)••

The central government aims to provide financial
support to private companies which plan to invest
in new manufacturing units in 14 priority areas.
The government is also committed to develop
semiconductors and display manufacturing
ecosystem in India.

Data Sources Central government websites

132

132

134

130

130

142

2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019

Data Source: World Bank
Copyright © 2023 JETRO. All rights reserved.

55Growing number of Japanese companies in India
1441

1454

1455

1439

2018

2019

2020

2021

1369
1305
1229
1156
1038
926

812
725
627
550

362
267

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

2014

2015

2016

Data source: Embassy of Japan & JETRO “Japanese Business Establishments in India”

2017

Copyright © 2022 JETRO. All rights reserved.

6

6

Major fields: Auto-related industries◼ About a half of the Japanese companies operating in India are in themanufacturing industry including auto and auto components sectors.
Japanese companies in India (Sector-wise)

Others26%

Manufacturing
49%
Lodging Industry andRestaurant3%

Information andCommunications
6%

Including auto andits components andelectric machineries

Wholesaleand RetailTrade16%

Data source: Embassy of Japan & JETRO “Japanese Business Establishments in India”

Copyright © 2023 JETRO. All rights reserved.

77Towards sustainable growth◼ India has already started to become an environmentally friendly nation

despite challenging issues.
Environmental Issues⚫ 6 out of the worst 10 air-polluted cities
in the world in 2021 are in India⚫ Thermal plants using coal are still themajor source of power generation in India⚫ Manufacturing plants are obliged to use
diesel generators due to unstable power
supplyPhoto taken by JETRO

Energy Transition⚫ PM Modi declares “Net Zero” by 2070 at
COP26 Summit in 2021
⚫ New policies for renewable energy andelectric vehicles (EVs)⚫ Growing concerns for energy security inIndia

Photo from the PM website

Copyright © 2022 JETRO. All rights reserved.

88EV Policy◼ Promotion of the production and implementation of EVs in India is one of

the key policies of the Indian government.
Promotion of EVs in India

Number of Registered EVs in India(In thousands)••Manufacturers of EVs and related autoparts such as advanced batteries areencouraged to invest in new plants throughProduction Linked Incentive (PLI) scheme.
Subsidies are given to lower the retail priceof EVs in the market in FAME II. Electric
public buses have been introduced insome cities.

350

3.5%

300

3.0%

250

2.5%

200

2.0%

150

1.5%

100

1.0%

50

0.5%

00.0%
2017

2018

2019

No. of registered EVs

Data Source: NITI Aayog

2020

2021

Percentage in the total

Data Source: MoRTH
Copyright © 2022 JETRO. All rights reserved.

99New environment-related rules◼ The Plastic Waste Management Rules, 2016 has been amended for severaltimes, while the Vehicle Scrappage Policy was newly introduced in 2021.
Phasing out plastics

Recycling End-of-Life Vehicles•

Specific single use plastics, including
cups, straws and cutlery, have beenbanned in India since 1st July 2022.

•The launch of Vehicle Scrappage Policy
was announced by PM Modi in August2021.

•Carry bags should be as thick as 120
microns with effect from 31st December
2022.

•End-of-Life Vehicle scrapping helps phaseout unfit and polluting vehicles in anenvironment friendly manner.

Data Sources: Central / state government websites
Copyright © 2022 JETRO. All rights reserved.

10

10

Environment-related business byJapanese companies in India◼ Japanese companies have recently started operating environment-related

businesses in India.
DAIKI AXIS INDIA•

Daiki Axis, the largest producer ofpackaged STPs (sewage treatmentplants), has set up a new manufacturing
unit in Palwal, Haryana, in November 2022.
This is their second unit in India, after thefirst one in Vapi, Gujarat.

MARUTI SUZUKI TOYOTSU INDIA•Maruti Suzuki Toyotsu India, a JV of Maruti
Suzuki and Toyota Tsusho Group, has setup its first vehicle scrapping andrecycling unit in Noida, Uttar Pradesh, inNovember 2021.

ABHISHEK K KAIHO•

Abhishek K Kaiho, a JV of Abhishek Group(India) and Kaiho Sangyo (Japan), started
operations at their first vehicle scrapping
facility in the Nuh district of Haryana inMay 2022.

Photo provided from Maruti Suzuki Toyotsu India

Data Sources: Central / state government websites
Copyright © 2022 JETRO. All rights reserved.

11

Thank you for listening!

Copyright © 2023 JETRO. All rights reserved.

12