THE INTERNATIONAL ADVISORY COMMITTEE
ON THE J-PARC PROJECTREPORT
Meeting held Feb 27-28 2012
Tokai, Japan

Restarting the J-PARC accelerators after the giant earthquake of March 11th
April 3rd, 20121

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Contents
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ........................................................................................................................4
GENERAL STATUS OF THE PROJECT ......................................................................................................8
MANAGEMENT: J-PARC, KEK, AND JAEA, CROSS ...................................................................................8
BUDGET .............................................................................................................................................9STATUS OF THE ACCELERATOR SYSTEMS: ...........................................................................................10
SCIENTIFIC PROGRAMS .....................................................................................................................11
PARTICLE AND NUCLEAR/HADRON PHYSICS ...................................................................................11
NEUTRINO EXPERIMENTS..............................................................................................................11
MATERIAL AND LIFE SCIENCES .......................................................................................................14
MLF Accomplishments and Status..................................................................................................14
Muon Science and the MUSE facility ..............................................................................................17
NUCLEAR TRANSMUTATION..............................................................................................................18
NETWORK and COMPUTING..............................................................................................................21
Cryogenics .......................................................................................................................................21
INTERNATIONALIZATION OF J-PARC...................................................................................................22
CONCLUSIONS..................................................................................................................................23
Appendix I ....................................................................................................................................24
February 27 (Mon) ........................................................................................................................24
February 28 (Tue) .........................................................................................................................25
Appendix II: ..................................................................................................................................26

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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
The International Advisory Committee (IAC) for the J-PARC project met on February 27th and 28th 2012 at
the J-PARC centre, Tokai and toured the main J-PARC experimental facilities. The IAC thanks the Directorof KEK- Dr. A. Suzuki and the Executive Director of JAEA- Dr. H. Yokomizo, for addressing the IAC andpresenting the view of the partners on the project. The IAC thanks the J-PARC director Dr. S. Nagamiya
for providing a comprehensive view of the laboratory through detailed presentations from his staff.
Hence the IAC received a very global view of the project on which to formulate its recommendations.
The IAC also thanks the governor of the IBARAKI prefecture and the mayor of Tokaimura for celebratingwith us the grand reopening of the J-PARC accelerators to the user community. The support and interestof the senior officials in Japan for J-PARC is a great testimony to the scientific, economic and social
relevance of the laboratory to Japan. This is the result of the great leadership and of the superb staff
who worked so hard to recover from the March 11 disaster and to pursue the vision of the founders of JPARC.
The laboratory has mostly recovered from the major damages inferred by the great earthquake ofMarch 11th 2011. Considering the severity of the tremors and the difficult environment in which tooperate the repairs, it is quite remarkable that the team of J-PARC was able to re-establish beam
properties close to those that were available just before the earthquake in less than 9 months. The IAC
is praising the determination, hard work and intelligent decisions of the J-PARC leadership and staff tounsure that the user program would restart as soon as possible to restore the intellectual life of thelaboratory.
The IAC congratulates the director of J-PARC and his staff for a truly exceptional achievement. The roleof the J-PARC centre Director is key in the development of J-PARC and its positioning on the world
scene. IAC recommends that both host institutions strive to maintain the international calibre of theposition.
The Japanese government has recognized the value of the laboratory in providing recovery funds andoperational funding which should allow for 8 months of user operation for the 3GeV based program and6 months for the 30 GeV one. In view of the accelerator performance and of the very high demand for
beamtime from users, the IAC supports identifying supplementary resources to run both programs for 8
months in FY2012 so that the world class programs (like the neutrino and nuclear programs) can resume
effectively. Together with the MLF programs they bring truly unique opportunities which will draw alarge national and international user community to J-PARC.

Recommendation:
All of the participants, J-PARC, KEK, and JAEA must continue and redouble their efforts to secure theappropriate levels of funding to run an extensive (8 Months) user program in the coming year for all
aspects of the J-PARC program.

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SUMMARY OF THE RECOMMENDATIONS BY SECTIONS IN THE REPORTManagement:
IAC recommends to use this as an opportunity to assess the management of J-PARC, build on its past
success but also address some of the perceived deficiencies linked to the complex funding
environment between partners.

Budget:The IAC urges all partners to secure enough funding for an 8 cycle operation of the full complex in
FY2012.

Accelerators:• Recommendation #1
Establish a plan for the summer 2013 shutdown that integrates all activities across the complex
and connects them through a common set of schedule milestones.

• Recommendation #2
The present source intensity limitations are not yet on the critical path for delivering the reviseduser beam intensity plan until the summer of 2014. Therefore, committee recommends keeping
alive the existing ion source, and putting more effort in a comprehensive analysis of theperformance and failure mode of the new source , i.e., filament lifetime, gas load on the RFQ,…
on the test beam facility before committing to the installation on the Linac.

Particle and Nuclear Physics:• Recommendation #1
Operate the Main Ring for 8 cycles in JFY2012 to ensure international leadership in long baseline
neutrino (T2K) and rare kaon decay programs such as KOTO and hadron hall experiments.

• Recommendation #2
Develop a clear path towards beam improvements, including a plan to reach 750 kW MR fast
extracted beam power and a plan to reach 100 kW MR slow extracted beam power with goodefficiency and duty factor.

• Recommendation #3
Develop a strategy (priorities beyond neutrinos and rare kaon decay) and a prioritized plan forbeam power sharing. This would give those 'best' experiments timely and sufficient beamtime
to make a strong impact in this competitive scientific field.

• Recommendation #4
We recommend that an appropriate Scientific Body sets up priorities and follows closely the
progress of the approved projects. Prioritization and clear commitments on the beam will
greatly increase the appeal for international participation.

5• Recommendation #5
For the “fundamental” Muon and Neutron Programs, the IAC recommends to develop an overall
science strategy with priorities and timelines jointly with IPNS, IMSS, MLF and J-PARC.

MLF• Recommendation #1- Proceed with the plans to deploy the next generation target incorporating cavitation
mitigation as soon as possible.
- Incorporate plans for target development and spares acquisition into the overall plan forbeam power scheduling for the MLF.
- Bring the instruments to full capabilities and enhance the support experimental facilities forusers.

• Recommendation #2- Establish a scheme to assess and decide on truly challenging scientific targets strategically
based on collaborations with every sector of research community- Determine performance indicators which will be used to judge the scientific impact of the MLF.

MUSE facility:• IAC repeats the recommendation that the design, construction the remaining front end
elements of the S and H channels be funded soon so they can be installed in the proton tunnel inthe upcoming summer 2012 shutdown before significant radiation levels are generated in themuon production target area.

Transmutation:• Recommendation #1
The IAC welcomes the new proposal of the transmutation group. The IAC recommends involving
future users in the definition of the experimental program and in the design of the facility. The
IAC recommends that J-PARC and JAEA should fully support the proposal to MEXT for building
TEF-T.

• Recommendation #2
After the Fukushima accident, the public needs to significantly increase its confidence in the
management of nuclear power and nuclear wastes. New initiatives must be proposed. Time isimportant. The public is not ready to wait. Thus the IAC recommends that J-PARC and JAEA
should take advantage of this window of opportunity for R&D and accelerate R&D on the
management of nuclear wastes, in collaboration with University researchers.

• Recommendation #3
The IAC is pleased of the progress of the collaboration with the MYRRHA international ADS
project. The IAC welcomes the proposed plan to develop J-PARC and MYRRHA as
complementary facilities to maximize synergies on ADS research.

6• Recommendation #4
J-PARC should continue to contribute to education and training in Japan to build the newgeneration of scientists and engineers that will have to extend considerably the frontiers of theknowledge on nuclear safety and risk management.

Cryogenics:
The IAC Committee recommends to explore the potential usage of(1) Any beamline within J-PARC that could deliver high fluxes of neutrons(2) the IFMIF Test Accelerator (which is under construction in Aomori Japan under ITER project). Even if
there is no planned user program at this test accelerator, it will be worth to evaluate the IFMIF
capability for generic radiation testing.

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GENERAL STATUS OF THE PROJECTThe International Advisory Committee (IAC) for the J-PARC project met on February 27th and 28th 2012 at
the J-PARC centre, Tokai and toured the main J-PARC experimental facilities. The IAC thanks the directorof KEK- Dr. A. Suzuki and the Executive Director of JAEA- Dr. H. Yokomizo, for addressing the IAC andpresenting the view of the partners in the project. The IAC acknowledges the participation of theGovernor of the Ibaraki prefecture and of the Mayor of Tokaimura to the celebration on Monday,
demonstrating the commitment of the local administration to making J-PARC an attractive international
destination.
Presentations on the status of the laboratory by the Director- Dr. S. Nagamiya and on the status of thetechnical facilities were supplemented by science presentations highlighting the recent scientificachievements. The IAC heard also reports from the Accelerator Technical Advisory Committee (A-TAC)
and from the Muon Science Advisory Committee (MUSAC). Hence the IAC had a very global view of the
project on which to formulate its recommendations.

MANAGEMENT: J-PARC, KEK, AND JAEA, CROSSThe IAC notes with great appreciation the support given to J-PARC in 2011 by the two J-PARC “parents”
JAEA and KEK. The remarkable achievement of J-PARC’s recovery by December 2011 is due in part totheir substantial current and foreshadowed future support despite their own budgetary profile and theneed to fund new programs post 2011. This along with the new budgetary provisions by the Japanese
Government is strong encouragement to the staff of J-PARC and international partners to go beyond thepresent excellent performance to new heights. The Governments direct grants to the partners and to JPARC – for the increased cost of electricity, though JAEA for the 400MeV LINAC and for improvement ofuser access are greatly appreciated. The IAC notes the numerous calls upon KEK resources for renewal
and new projects on the Tsukuba campus. More financial support and continued injection of the KEK
scientific culture will be necessary as the user program at J-PARC continues to grow, particularly in the
MLF and Hadron areas. The high priority of the particle physics area is an ornament showing KEK’s
participation.
The IAC welcomes the participation of CROSS as a third partner in the development of J-PARC as a useroriented facility. The IAC has repeatedly emphasised the importance of joint projects between thescientists at J-PARC and external users as one means of maintaining the scientific quality of J-PARC
scientists. The recognition of the Japanese Government through CROSS (as a Registered Institution) andthe security to operation of J-PARC given through this is welcomed. The IAC notes the advantages thatwill come from a transparent review process for entry of users into the J-PARC MLF instrument programand commends the use of peer review for all proposals using the facility. The IAC recommends theclosest cooperation between all partners to achieve a scientific program whose culture and performanceis comparable or better than the best international benchmarks set by the Institut Laue Langevin
Grenoble, ISIS UK, NIST and the SNS in the United States as well as reactor based institutions in our
region and in Europe.

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MANAGEMENTThe IAC is fully aware that the leadership of J-PARC has played a critical role in the success of thelaboratory during the construction phase and in establishing the initial scientific program. The IAC would
like to express its admiration for the achievements of Shoji Nagamiya over the past 12 years. The IAC
was pleased to have been associated with this success story.
A process is in place to identify the next director. The vision of J-PARC as an international world classlaboratory serving a wide range of science remains the corner stone of the laboratory`s mission. This canonly be accomplished by identifying a leader for J-PARC who will bring scientific leadership andinternational profile, determination, people skills and team work abilities, good connexion to funding
agencies and governments. Dr. Nagamiya encompassed all these qualities and has demonstrated theneed for such talents.
The future of the laboratory will be determined in part by the next five year plan to be submitted to thecurrent government review; hence the timing of the change in leadership comes at a crucial moment.
Ideally both the past and new directors should be fully engaged in the review process. In the aftermathof the earthquake, time has been a very expensive commodity and delays in the search for the new
director have been encountered. However such a critical appointment cannot be made in haste and the
IAC recommends that the process be allowed to follow its normal course even if it possibly creates adelay in the appointment of the new director.
IAC recommends to use this as an opportunity to assess the management of J-PARC, build on its past
success but also address some of the perceived deficiencies linked to the complex funding
environment between partners.

BUDGETFor FY2012, JAEA will provide funds to run 8 cycles of user beamtime while KEK could only provide for 6
cycles. This is the same situation that was planned for FY2011 before the earthquake struck. In the caseof JAEA most of the funds come directly from the government (78.21 Oku Yen) plus 5.29Oku Yen fromthe JAEA base funds. KEK is providing 66.17 Oku Yen for operation and CROSS will add 7.02 Oku Yen for
operating the neutron source. There is a large uncertainty on the increase on power cost by TEPCO (upto 30%) for which a supplementary budget of only 3.6 Oku Yen have been allocated through JAEA. This isa serious problem which may limit the amount of beamtime to all users. As reported in the particle
physics section it is also most important that the neutrino program be able accumulate enough statistics
before the 2013 long shutdown to clearly establish the discovery of θ13 in the νe appearance mode.
Hence the IAC urges the partners to optimise the science output of J-PARC during FY 2012 by delivering
8 cycles of user beamtime. The IAC was made aware of the new Large Project Framework from thegovernment which may provide an avenue for better operational support of large user facilities like JPARC.
The construction budget is sufficient to complete the energy upgrade in the summer of 2013. There alsoa supplementary budget of 73 Oku Yen from KEK for earthquake related repairs.

9Recommendation
The IAC urges all partners to secure enough funding for an 8 cycle operation of the full complex in
FY2012.
As part of review of J-PARC conducted by the government, a five year projection for new investments isrequested. This is the main opportunity for equipment funding to bring the complex to a fully
operational level consistent with the initial design goals of 1MW operation of the MLF and 750KW
operation of the MR and completing the missing muon beamlines in the MLF and in the Hadron hall.
KEK’s request is focused on the MR improvement for both fast and slow extraction operation, theextension of the hadron beamlines and new muon lines in the MUSE facility. For JAEA, the initiation of
the accelerator driven source (ADS) is the key missing component. A symposium was taking place justafter the IAC meeting to formulate a realistic plan taking into account of the re-evaluation of the nuclear
power strategy in Japan.
The IAC views this five year planning exercise as a critical component in the development of J-PARC andurges all partners to present a coherent and well orchestrated strategic plan which would fulfill themission of J-PARC to operate as a world class international laboratory.

STATUS OF THE ACCELERATOR SYSTEMS:
After a demanding recovery effort, the operating performance of the accelerator complex is close topre-earthquake levels: RCS capability at 300 kW, the MR fast extraction at 125 kW and MR slow
extraction at 3.3 k have been demonstrated. This is a remarkable achievement as reported in the ATAC
report.
The installation of the 400 MeV Linac has been delayed by about one year to the summer of 2013 andwill occur now at the same time as the installation of the new ion source and RFQ. ATAC has examinedthe consequences of this dual upgrade and is concerned with the workload associated with the
installation and commissioning of the two brand new systems especially when some of the testing
facilities needed for acceptance tests are not fully operational due to the earthquake.
The IAC concurs with the ATAC recommendation to establish a resource loaded schedule for thesummer 2013 shutdown as soon as possible.

Recommendation
Establish a plan for the summer 2013 shutdown that integrates all activities across the complex andconnects them through a common set of schedule milestones.
Moreover it is essential to develop and establish convincingly the technology for a stable and reliable ion
source to operate over long periods. Preferably the prototype which has just been successfully operated
off line should be mounted on the RF-Q test stand and run for a certain amount of time to establish
realistic reliability and life time. If the prototype passes this test, then a full scale source can pursued.
The long time delay to acquire the operating license to accelerate beam in the RFQ test stand makes thisincompatible with the 2013 shutdown installation. The IAC is concerned that when a new scheme is10

implemented in a real experimental setup, unexpected side effects or hidden difficulties areencountered which are difficult to tackle in an operational context.
• The present source intensity limitations are not yet on the critical path for delivering the reviseduser beam intensity plan until the summer of 2014. Therefore, committee recommends keeping
alive the existing ion source, and putting more effort in a comprehensive analysis of theperformance and failure mode of the new source , i.e., filament lifetime, gas load on the RFQ,…
on the test beam facility before committing to the installation on the Linac.
The revised plan for 1 MW beam power from RCS by JFY15, after energy and intensity upgrade, isrealistic. Reaching 750 kW for MR fast extraction will require additional upgrades of RCS and/or MR.
Improvements at RCS (more 2nd harmonic rf, variable tune along ramp, etc.) could improve the 3 GeVhigh intensity beam quality enough to move significantly towards the design 750 kW from MR.
Reducing the MR cycle time from 2.56 to 1.28 seconds with a new MR power supply and high gradient rf
cavities ensures that the design beam power of 750 kW can be reached and also has the potential for aMR performance much beyond 750 kW.
Some progress has been made with slow extraction from MR. But no clear plan exists to reach 100 kW
slow extracted beam power with good efficiency and duty factor.

SCIENTIFIC PROGRAMSPARTICLE AND NUCLEAR/HADRON PHYSICSThe IAC congratulates J-PARC and T2K team for their first physics results using nu-e-appearance and numu disappearance events taken before the earthquake. The nu-e appearance events result in ameasurement of sin22θ13 at the 2.5σ level, creating a lot of excitement in the community.
Accelerators started their operations after successful recovery from the major damages inferred by thegreat earthquake of March 11th 2011. Their current capabilities are 125 kW for the Neutrino programand 3.3 kW for experiments in the hadron hall.
Particle and nuclear physics programs are primarily supported by the MR fast extracted beam for theneutrino program, and the MR slow extracted beam lines for experiments in the hadron hall. Two
additional beams support particle and nuclear physics programs. They are the MLF H-line that supports
muon g-2 and muon EDM measurements and the LINAC beam that supports neutron EDM
measurements.

NEUTRINO EXPERIMENTS
The T2K collaboration with about 500 members from 62 institutions in 12 countries is a strong
international collaboration. The T2K experiment, directing a muon neutrino beam from the Main Ring
toward the Super-Kamiokande detector, is the centerpiece of the particle and nuclear physics programat J-PARC. The IAC congratulates the J-PARC/KEK team and the T2K collaboration for this continuous
progress and success.
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First physics results in both nu-e appearance and nu-mu disappearance modes using pre-earthquake
data were published in 2011. Using the nu-e appearance mode, the T2K collaboration measured sin22θ13
at the 2.5σ level and this was very well recognized by the international community in particle physics.
In December 2011, all beam lines and detectors except the horns were successfully tested, and theirperformances confirmed by muon and neutrino yields. The horn problem was due to the failure of the
new power supply system, which is being investigated. This problem is resolved by switching back to theold power system. The physics run with about 120 kW is expected to begin in March. A timely delivery ofneutrino beam at the highest intensity (the total number of protons-on-target which is proportional tobeam power and beam time) continues to be critical in the face of strong international competition:
Daya Bay, Double CHOOZ, RENO, MINOS, and NOvA.
Experiments in the Hadron Hall
The first slow extraction of beam to the Hadron Hall beam dump in 2012 occurred on January 28. At thistime the hadronhall is ready for high intensity beam.
The current layout of the Hadron Hall supports three beamlines from the same target. These are theK1.8 beamline and its branch line K1.8Br, on the north of the center line. On the south there are two
beamlines the short K1.1BR line, and the neutral kaon line which serves the KOTO experiment. The K1.8
facilities are executing a dual program of hypernuclear and hadron spectroscopy experiments.
Prominent among the latter is the search for pentaquarks, in particular the Θ+. Thus far the results areinconclusive. It is expected that the hypernuclear program will run in June the expectation of achieving abeam power of 10 kW. Up until now power in the region of 3-5 kW has been achieved. The KOTO
experiment is ready to take beam and to embark on their search for the kaon decay mode K0L  π0 νν.
The initial goal will be to reach a sensitivity corresponding to the Grossman-Nir bound at a branchingratio of a few times 10-10 before the summer 2013 shutdown. This would correspond to 4 weeks runningwith a proton beam power of 30 kW and a good duty cycle.
It is clearly important that even for this early phase of the program, success is predicated on the steadyincrease of beam power and improvement of duty factor. The issue is discussed in detail in theaccelerator report.
This initial phase of operations is dominated by the SKS experiment for the hypernuclear andpentaquark searches. In the K1.8 line, there is a proposal to replace the SKS spectrometer by 2015 witha recently funded S-2S spectrometer with two quadrupoles and one dipole magnet. The newspectrometer would have better momentum resolution and reasonable solid angle coverage (60msr)
and be optimized for S=-2 (K-, K+) spectroscopy. Starting in summer 2013, it is the intent to reconfigure
the north side of the hall. The first move would be to develop the K1.1 lines such as to accommodate amove of the SKS spectrometer from the K1.8 line to that line. The high momentum beam, which has so
far not received funding, would also be introduced with a three year construction project; from thatpoint the K1.1BR line would be unavailable. The high momentum line with a primary beam of 30GeV up
to 1010 protons or un-separated secondary beams with momentum between 2 and 15 GeV/c. would
enable a suite of experiments exploring confinement by examining vector meson masses in different
nuclei, using a new electron spectrometer. It is hoped that the Riken Nishina Accelerator Center would
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participate in this project, perhaps as a precursor to full participation in the Hadron Hall extension (seebelow). Potentially the high momentum line, which is considered to be a very high priority by thehadron physics community, could also support the COMET, muon conversion, experiment with a branch
off that line. However, it is important to note that the high momentum line would prevent operation of
the K1.1 line.
There is a large number of experiments proposed or planned for the Hadron Hall. Given the limited
resources, it is important that the program be planned with a clear vision as to what is important. It isalso obligatory to give strong emphasis to allowing accelerator, extraction and beam improvements toachieve the necessary performance parameters. It is important that the vision for the program beowned also by the users, for example by the Hadron Users’ Association. We understand that thisrecommendation from last year led to a number of exchanges at the detailed operations level, but it will
be important that the vision of the bigger picture also be shared.

IAC Recommendations• Operate the Main Ring for 8 cycles in JFY2012 to ensure international leadership in long baseline
neutrino (T2K) and rare kaon decay programs such as KOTO and other hadron hall experiments.
• Develop a clear path towards beam improvements, including a plan to reach 750 kW MR fast
extracted beam power and a plan to reach 100 kW MR slow extracted beam power with goodefficiency and duty factor.
• Develop a strategy (priorities beyond neutrinos and rare kaon decay) and a prioritized plan forbeam power sharing. This would give those 'best' experiments timely and sufficient beamtime
to make a strong impact in this competitive scientific field.

FUNDAMENTAL PHYSICS WITH MUONS AND NEUTRONS
Four projects in different status of maturity are being considered for new beamlines in the MUSE facility(g-2,DeeMe), a modified hadron hall(Comet) and a special extraction from the Linac (n edm).
• The Lepton Flavor Violation m -> e conversion (COMET) with a single event sensitivity (SES) of ~2.6x 10-17 has received stage-1 approval from the J-PARC-IPNS PAC and is very busy with R&D on
the detector and on the beam line design. (For ex, measurements of the extinction ratio for both
fast and slow extraction are still not sufficient to reach the desired sensitivity). The collaboration is
now considering a staged approach, which needs to be specified in more details.
• Muon g-2/EDM experiment is based upon a new approach to g-2/EDM using ultracold muons,
with .1 ppm sensitivity in am and dm ~ 10-22 e cm. Stage 1 approval has been recommended byboth the IPNS and IMSS PAC as it will use the H-line of the MUSE facility in the MLF (based upon
the 3 GeV RC proton beam). A large collaboration has been formed ( 92 members ) and is working
to a TDR and to address the R&D aspects connected to the beam, the high precision magnet, theproduction of ultracold muons (in collaboration with TRIUMF and RIKEN). It is a world classproject, which will need to be assessed carefully.
• cLFV DeeMe is a new approach to m -> e conversion with SES ~ 10-14. The experiment would use
the same H-Line as the g-2/EDM. Approval is still deferred. Although the approach is interesting,13

the limited sensitivity puts seriously in question the need to do it. Moreover, it will compete on
the same line of g-2/EDM and muonium HFS experiments.
• nEDM is an effort to measure the neutron EDM using ultracold neutrons produced by the LINAC
beam to reach a sensitivity of 10-27 e cm. Approval is deferred as there is a need to understandmore about the feasibility of the source. This is a very active field worldwide and a clear advantage
for this method has not been demonstrated yet.
It is difficult to imagine that all these proposals could be carried out in a short time scale because of
anticipated resource limitations. It is also clear that these initiatives, originating from the particle andnuclear physics communities, but sited in the muon facilities cross or bridge current committee
boundaries.
We recommend that an appropriate Scientific Body sets up priorities and follows closely the progressof the approved projects. Prioritization and clear commitments on the beam will greatly increase theappeal for international participation.
For these Muon and Neutron Programs the IAC recommends developing an overall science strategy
with priorities and timelines jointly with IPNS, IMSS, MLF and J-PARC.

MATERIAL AND LIFE SCIENCES
MLF Accomplishments and Status
The committee admires the efforts of all the members of MLF staff to bring the facility back online andfully operational.
Target:
The long shut down was used to replace the target with a new design, including He bubblers, whichshould enable the MLF facility to go to higher beam power. This was a significant achievement. Howeverat present the bubblers do not function so the beam power is limited to 100kW although the accelerator
can deliver 300kW. While excellent science can, and is being done at 100kW, the team should continue
efforts to repair the He pump and start the bubbler as soon as possible.
The new target design requires less storage space after use, which is another critical feature of thedesign, but at the present planned ramp up to power the present target storage space will be full by
2018. It is urgent that the JPARC facility determine a long term strategy to dispose of used targets, andinitiate design of the required infrastructure.
Instruments:
JPARC has developed rapidly a suite of world class instruments with 20 instruments complete or underconstruction, 12 of which are in the user program, and 2 more approved for construction – there are
only two slots left and space around the instruments is at a premium! The progress on instrument
development and commissioning has been incredible, which is a witness of the excellent teamassembled between JAEA, KEK and partners. However a number of instruments are not complete in thatthey do not have the full complement of detectors, or the necessary suite of sample environment
equipment and analysis software. It should be noted that this is quite a normal situation for a facility at
14this stage of development, though perhaps somewhat exacerbated in the case of MLF due to thediffering agenda’s on the various stakeholders. The scientific productivity of the facility (note on-going
review) can be optimized by ensuring that the operating instruments are doing so at full capability
including detector coverage, sample environment and software. This requires both technical equipment
and support staff.
We strongly recommend that the MLF management develop a long term plan to complete theinstruments (detectors, sample environment, software etc.) that aims at optimizing the scientificproductivity and balances the development of new techniques and new instrumentation.
The committee is very pleased to note that the MLF has achieved a level of 6-7 support staff for public
and Ibaraki-prefecture beam lines. This number of support staff is consistent with international
standards for major user facilities of this nature and is much more than the present Japanese standard.
However, there is still a wide variation in the number of support staff per instrument; in particular the
public beam lines, with support from the new CROSS organization, appear to be well supported, while
the KEK instruments seem to be severely understaffed. Furthermore the balance between technicalsupport and research staff should be assessed to ensure that ‘all aspects of the user experience should
be similar regardless of the “ownership” of the instrument they are using’ [NTAC report]. The committee
believes that it is timely to set and define standards across all MLF instruments, independent of‘ownership’, for support, software and sample environments (including those at extreme conditions).
We fully support the NTAC view that that priority should be given to provide good support for theoperation of the instruments rather than having a large number of instruments inadequately supported.
Additional User support:
The committee also noted that MLF management is planning for the integration of support facilities,
including establishment of data analysis facilities and sample synthesis environments together with the
installation of experimental facilities for extreme conditions (high magnetic field, high pressure etc.).
The committee entirely endorses these actions, keeping in mind the fact that for sample preparation,
collaborations with the entire user community are crucial.
Furthermore users will, and should, expect a comprehensive support infrastructure which includes:• Sample environments and handling capabilities for a complete range of sample types (powder,liquid, irradiated etc.).
• Laboratory facilities and space for sample preparation, and specifically deuteration capabilities• Enhanced logistics and infrastructure for MLF visitors (both short and long term), including office
and interaction space, transport and FOOD.
• Remote access to instruments
In this light we see the construction of the User building, which would provide essential laboratory andinteraction space for the developing program, as essential.

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Scientific Direction:
The implementation of the new CROSS organization is a witness of the support at very top level for theneutron program. It provides an excellent opportunity to support the operation of a number of beamlines (5 at present), and the neutron delivery system, for public access. As such it provides a mechanism
for engaging a broader scientific community with the JPARC neutron facilities and will certainly play a
key role in developing the science programs at the MLF. A successful expansion of the CROSS program toother instruments in the available suite would be a good mechanism to provide the additional
operational support needed.
The technical components of the neutron facility are well on the way to reaching stable operations so
attention is turning towards building a vibrant science program in partnership with users. Excellent
publications are emanating from the facility at a rate commensurate with the number of instruments
and operating schedule.
However, the neutron beams provided by the MLF are rare and extremely valuable resources whose use
should be closely managed by the facility to optimize the scientific productivity and stature of the
facility. Although the user program will produce excellent research programs, due to the world leading
nature of the facility, this alone is not sufficient. MLF management can act strategically to enable anddirect science programs that go above and beyond the simple proposal system and provide a path toreally distinguishing science.
Hence, the committee strongly urges MLF to establish scheme(s) to assess and decide on truly
challenging scientific targets strategically based on collaborations with every sector of researchcommunity. This is crucial for the future of MLF as a scientific organization.
In doing this we also recommend that MLF management set a number of performance indicators tojudge the scientific impact of the MLF, such as:• High impact publications, citations• Involvement of industry• Expansion of the user base into new fields
The strategy for developing the science programs at MLF should also include close partnerships withother Advanced Large Research Facilities in Japan such as K-Computer; Spring-8, and SACLA.
Recommendation #1• Proceed with the plans to deploy the next generation target incorporating cavitation mitigation
as soon as possible.
• Incorporate plans for target development and spares acquisition into the overall plan for beam
power scheduling for the MLF.
• Bring the instruments to full capabilities and enhance the support experimental facilities forusers.

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Recommendation #2• Establish a scheme to assess and decide on truly challenging scientific targets strategically
based on collaborations with every sector of research community• Determine performance indicators which will be used to judge the scientific impact of the MLF

Muon Science and the MUSE facility
Dr. Shimomura reported the conclusions of the recent MUSAC committee meeting which was held
February 17th and 18th at J-PARC under the chair of Dr. E. Morenzoni.
The committee was charged to answer the following questions:
Are the D1/D2 instruments sufficiently equipped and users friendly?
The committee considers optimization of the experimental stations at D1 and D2 to be high priority
since they will generate all the competitive muon science for the next few years until the Ultra Slow
Muons become available. The D1 spectrometer upgrade must be completed and the sample
environment suite should be broaden (dilution refrigerator, high field and high temperature ranges...).
The new spectrometer being developed JAEA should be initially used in D2.
Are the scientific results obtained from the Inter-University Research program satisfactory?
The committee felt that taking into account the difficulties encountered last year, the science achieved
was impressive and covered significant problems in magnetism, superconductivity and other aspects ofmaterial science.
Is the roadmap for the Ultra Slow Muon beamline reasonable? Is the scientific goal clearly defined?
The committee reaffirms its recommendation that the Ultra Slow Muon(USM) beam be the top priority.
With the good support from KEK and a grant in aid for scientific research, the road map for construction
appears well defined and achievable. Sufficient time must be allocated for detailed commissioning of
the new U beamline as a good understanding of the beam transport properties of the solenoidal line is
key to optimizing the USM yield. Some of the USM experimental equipment could be in place by Dec
2012. The initial focus of the program will be on thin film and surface studies in the U1A area with
development of micro beams in the U1B. Amongst the many applications of USM, those two area form agood subset to initiate the scientific program.
How do you judge the future plan for the S-line and H-line?
S-line will be essential to broaden the mSR community by providing unique options including appliedscience. Although the long term plans are sound, a staged approach for installation should beconsidered in view of all the other commitments of a small team. Initially a unique surface muon beam
station, S0, with a state of the art spectrometer would be sufficient to generate superb science.

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H-line is specialized beam line for fundamental muon science and high energy beams. There is an
important involvement of academia to seek funding for instruments. A commitment to operate theexternally funded facilities is needed. G-2/DEEME/Hyperfine Structure of Muonium and Muon Magnetic
moment combined effort to develop H-line have already attracted international partners. A firm
commitment from the host institution is needed to bring these proposals to the floor.
Now that a common ground has been found to specify the front end elements of the H beamline, theoverall priority is to install them before human access to the proton beam tunnel becomes impossible.
The realignment of the H line base plates after the earthquake is one such operation that will require
manual intervention.
The IAC concurs that exciting scientific prospects exist for both MLF science and Particle & Nuclear
Physics with the H line.

Recommendation
IAC repeats the recommendation that the design, construction the remaining front end elements of
the S and H channels be funded soon so they can be installed in the proton tunnel in the upcoming
summer 2012 shutdown before significant radiation levels are generated in the muon production
target area.

NUCLEAR TRANSMUTATION
The project of nuclear transmutation at J-PARC was presented by Dr. H. Oigawa. In response to lastyear’s IAC recommendations, the J-PARC group has developed a new proposal for a Transmutation
Facility (TEF). The project consists in building two independent experimental physics facilities:• (TEF-T) is an irradiation test facility with a max. 200kW proton beam that will be an ADS Target
Test Facility. TEF-T will be designed as a multi-purpose experimental facility to satisfy potential
needs for experiments using a lower-energy proton beam. Various experiments using protons andneutrons will be possible, using a solid target (maximum power of 133kW) prior to TEF-P. The
facility will be designed to use a Lead Bismuth Eutectic target (max. power of 200kW) in the
future.
• TEF-P is a nuclear reactor facility for critical/subcritical experiments with a lower intensity protonbeam.
• This project will be proposed to MEXT for financing, at a cost estimate of 217.6 Oku-Yen for theconstruction. TEF-T construction is proposed as a first step starting in 2013, to be followed later
by TEF-P. It is expected that the licensing process of TEF-P will take a few years.
The IAC is pleased by the perspectives opened by this revised proposal. This approach seems to be more
realistic in the present situation. The IAC would have been interested in more details on the physics
program and on the expected impact of this project. To bring this project to completion, a strong teamwith sufficient human, technical and financial resources is needed to design a detailed project. The IAC
reiterates its concerns by the relatively small size of the group (10 members). The IAC believes that amajor increase in the support of the group is needed.

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Recommendation #1
The IAC welcomes the new proposal of the transmutation group. The IAC recommends involving futureusers in the definition of the experimental program and in the design of the facility. The IAC
recommends that J-PARC and JAEA should fully support the proposal to MEXT for building TEF-T.
The IAC understands that the situation of nuclear energy today in Japan is complex. The Fukushima
accident has led Japan to reconsider its nuclear policy. Essentially all nuclear reactors but two have been
stopped. The danger of accumulating radioactive spent fuel in cooling pools at reactor sites has beenrealized. Operations at the reprocessing plant at Rokkasho have recently been stopped due to a problem
in the design of the vitrification process. Public opinion is more concerned than ever by the challenge ofmanaging nuclear wastes. The need for a clear strategy on the management of nuclear wastes in Japanis critical.
The ADS project at J-PARC is a great opportunity for JAEA to demonstrate the importance of R&D andrestore confidence in the safe use of nuclear power. The recent ADS symposium held in Tokyo showedthat there is a significant interest from the Japanese community in an ADS project in Japan. But, thecommunity needs a powerful national project and expects a strong leadership of J-PARC to coordinate
the efforts of the users.
Recommendation #2
After the Fukushima accident, the public needs to significantly increase its confidence in the
management of nuclear power and nuclear wastes. New initiatives must be proposed. Time isimportant. The public is not ready to wait. Thus the IAC recommends that J-PARC and JAEA shouldtake advantage of this window of opportunity for R&D and accelerate R&D on the management of
nuclear wastes, in collaboration with University researchers.
Considerable efforts have been done around the world to take into account the lessons from Fukushima.
One year after the catastrophe, the world, apart from Germany, has decided to continue to use nuclear
energy. The situation can be summarized by the statement of the Director General of IAEA, Yukiya
Amano, on the 19th of September 2011, in his opening talk of the 55th session of the General Assembly of
the AIEA.
“Following the Fukushima Daiichi accident, there was speculation that the expansion in interest in
nuclear power seen in recent years could come to an end. However, it is clear that there will, in fact,
be continuous and significant growth in the use of nuclear power in the next two decades, although
at a slower rate than in our previous projections. We expect the number of operating nuclear
reactors in the world to increase by about 90 to 350 by 2030, in our low to high projections, from thecurrent total of 432 reactors."
In this context, the interest for ADS is increasing around the world. ADS is recognized by several
countries as a potential option of a transmutation system in terms of the partitioning and transmutation
strategies for radioactive waste in the advanced nuclear fuel cycle.

19

The IAC was pleased to hear the commitment of KEK on accelerator research for both ADS and highenergy colliders. Similar interest for using superconducting radiofrequency proton accelerators has
emerged in many countries. This was clearly shown at the conference organized by the Nuclear Energy
Agency on “Technology and Components of Accelerator Driven Systems”, 15-17 March 2010, in
Karlsruhe, Germany. This was also confirmed by a conference in Mumbai, 12-14 December 2012, which
reviewed ADS systems and Thorium utilization.
The IAC welcomes the proposal of extending Japan’s collaboration with the MYRRHA project at the SCKCEN Institute in Belgium. MYRRHA is a major European initiative on ADS involving a large consortium of
research organizations and industries. SCK-CEN has successfully coupled an accelerator producing fastneutrons to a lead experimental reactor which is an important first step of the final project. Belgium iswelcoming international participation in the MYRRHA consortium, with eligibility based on a balanced
in-cash/in-kind contribution.

Recommendation #3
The IAC is pleased of the progress of the collaboration with the MYRRHA international ADS project.
The IAC welcomes the proposed plan to develop J-PARC and MYRRHA as complementary facilities tomaximize synergies on ADS research.
Nuclear safety and risk management are the focus of attention in the whole world. Previous
recommendations of the IAC stressed that R&D at J-PARC was one of the best training ground for
education and training in these fields. The analysis of the Fukushima accident has shown that thecatastrophe could have been avoided to a large extent if the crisis had been handled by people who had,at all levels, a better understanding of what was going on.

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Recommendation #4
J-PARC should continue to contribute to education and training in Japan to build the new generationof scientists and engineers that will have to extend considerably the frontiers of the knowledge on
nuclear safety and risk management.
The IAC reiterates that the considerable knowledge of Japan in accelerator development, design andsafety studies in ADS, fuel studies, materials science, and nuclear data is fundamental to expand thefrontier of knowledge in safe and reliable nuclear waste management.

Network and Computing
Dr. Manabe gave an update on the planned improvements for data transfer and inter institution
communications.
The Japan Science Network (SINET) and JLAN have been upgraded themselves but the connection
between them is still based on one Gigabit Ethernet Link until the summer 2012. The J-PARC internallinks will also be upgraded to 10Gbps. However users requirement for easy access to data and/or database information from the remote user site is not supported by the J-PARC Information system groupand is relying on the effort of each facility.
A new computing system will start operating at KEK in April. J-PARC users should see about a tripling of
the resources available.
Half of energy consumption of 1MW for computing system is for cooling. A more efficient coolingsystem to save energy and costs should be evaluated.

Cryogenics
This is a strong group providing essential support to many J-PARC programs. This expert team is nicely
performing a wide variety of support tasks including technical support on cryogenic supply,
construction, and operational support of superconducting devices while carrying also R&D for new
projects.
The IAC recognizes the importance of R&D component to keep the team at the forefront of cryogenics
research. The work on radiation hard superconducting magnets is well focused and highly relevant for
many future projects.
However, the radiation testing sites are limited worldwide. At the moment, KURRI (Kyoto University
Research Reactor) is available for testing, with limited user time and a risk of shut-down in future due tolack of funding.

Recommendation
The IAC Committee recommends exploring the potential usage of(1) Any beamline within J-PARC that could deliver high fluxes of neutrons(2) the IFMIF Test Accelerator (which is under construction in Aomori Japan under ITER project). Even21

if there is no planned user program at this test accelerator, it will be worth to evaluate the IFMIF
capability for generic radiation testing.

INTERNATIONALIZATION OF J-PARC
A new position was created last May to lead the international relations at J-PARC. Dr. Y. Watanabe took
office in July and has been establishing a plan for actions. This plan includes creating an organisation
network to promote effective internationalisation efforts by linking KEK, JAEA, CROSS, the Tokaimura
City Hall, and the Ibaraki prefecture, promoting the bi-lingualisation of the J-PARC operations andproviding an international perspective on J-PARC committees as needed. The challenge is reflected in
the fact that only 2.7% of J-PARC staff is non-Japanese while catering to a user community which has amuch larger participation from abroad (35% for hadron users, 80% for neutrino users, 10% for MLF
users).
The survey of the current user community reveals a wide spectrum of length of stays, of countries oforigin, and of scientific and cultural needs. A strategic plan is being formulated and the IAC would makethe following recommendations:• Acknowledging that some of the already well established collaborations have found a way tohandle long stays at J-PARC with the present support of the user office, the focus should be first
directed on helping the large number of short term visitors who needs very effective and timely
support to make their short stay efficient.
• It would be desirable to establish both a scientific academic environment (seminar/colloquium
series poster sessions) and a social activity group for students and post docs targeting the longer
stay visitors• Negotiations for family support (for long term visitors) should be initiated knowing that this islong lead item that requires a good understanding of the demands and its fluctuations with time.
• The plan should identify short term goals and associated metrics to monitor the program’s
success on yearly basis
The IAC very supportive of these efforts and considers that a large potential exists for making J-PARC atruly international facility.

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CONCLUSIONSThe IAC would like to congratulate the J-PARC team for showing determination, competency and drive inrecovering from the March 2011 earthquake. The team spirit that was very much in evidence for the last
12 months is a good omen for the future of J-PARC. This has been built over the past ten years by thestrong leadership of J-PARC management and by the strong support of the founding partners (KEK and
JAEA) and that of the Japanese government. The IAC is confident that the scientific program will be fully
restored shortly and that the pre-March 11 development plans will only be delayed by a short period ofless than a year. Yet much effort remains to fulfill the initial goals of a 1MW neutron source and of a
750KW hadron and neutrino source. The strength of a laboratory resides also in its ability to transfer
knowledge and leadership from its pioneers to a new generation of leaders. J-PARC is well positioned to
do so successfully.
The IAC wishes J-PARC good luck in resuming its science program and moving forward as a leading
research institution.

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Appendix I
Agenda for the International Advisory Committee Meeting of J-PARC in 2012
Date:
Place:

February 27 (Mon) and February 28 (Tue), 2012
Conference room at the Ibaraki Quantum Beam Research Center (IQBRC)

February 27 (Mon)
Report from the Director

S. Nagamiya

Accelerators
Progress and Prospects

K. Hasegawa

A-TAC Views

T. RoserMaterials and Life Science
Overview of MLF

M. Arai

Neutron Results

H. SetoMSAC

O. Shimomura

Muon Results

R. Kadono

Particle and Nuclear Physics
Overview of Particle and Nuclear Physics

T. Kobayashi

Nuclear Physics

K. Tanaka

Hadron Hall Extension

H. EnyoFundamental Physics with Muon and Neutron

N. Saito

Institutional Views
KEK and J-PARC

A. Suzuki

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JAEA and J-PARC

H. Yokomizo

CROSS and J-PARC

Y. Fujii

February 28 (Tue)Cryogenics System at J-PARC

T. Ogitsu

Network and Computing at J-PARC

A. Manabe

Accelerator Driven Transmutation Research

H. OigawaInternationalization of J-PARC

Y. Watanabe

25Appendix II:
IAC 2012 Committee membership

Jean-Michel A Poutissou

TRIUMF

Associate Director
Emeritus. Head of
Nuclear Medicine

John William White

Australian National
University

Professor

jww@rsc.anu.edu.au

Andrew Dawson Taylor

ISIS, Rutherford Appleton
Laboratory, STFC

Director Facility
Development andOperations; Head of
ISIS

andrew.taylor@stfc.ac.uk

Bernard Frois

CEA

Directorbernard.frois@cea.fr

Hidetoshi Fukuyama

Tokyo University of
ScienceIan Anderson

NScD/ORNL

Sergio Bertolucci

CERN

Young-Kee Kim

FNAL

Vice President andProfessor
Associate Laboratory
Director for NScD
Director for Researchand Computing
DeputyDirector/Professor of
Physics

Hugh Montgomery

Thomas Jefferson
National Accelerator
Laboratory

Laboratory Director

mont@jlab.org

Thomas Roser

Brookhaven National
Laboratory

Accelerator Division
Head, ColliderAccelerator Dept.

roser@bnl.gov

Hoerst Stoecker

GSI Helmholtzzentrum
fuer
Schwerionenforschung

Scientific Director andCEO

H.Stoecker@gsi.de

Eiko Torikai

University of Yamanashi

Professor

et@yamanashi.ac.jp

Tsumoru Shintake

OIST, Okinawa

Principal Researcher

shintake@oist.jp

Shoji Nagamiya

J-PARC Center

Director

shoji.nagamiya@j-parc.jp

Yujiro Ikeda

J-PARC Center

Deputy Director

ikeda.yujiro@jaea.go.jp

Koichiro Nishikawa

J-PARC Center

Deputy Director

koichiro.nishikawa@kek.jp

jmp@triumf.ca

fukuyama@rs.kagu.tus.ac.jp
andersonian@ornl.gov
sergio.bertolucci@cern.ch
ykkim@fnal.gov

26