This structure is used to suggest or to urge. It includes the speaker and thelistener.
For example:
John to Mary: Let’s eat.
Jane to Kevin: Let’s go! Bob to Peter and Sam: Let’s drink more water.

336

1. Let’s sing.
2. Let’s dance.
3. Let’s eat vegetables.
4. Let’s drive our cars.
5. Let’s go to the shop.
6. Let’s drop these pens.
7. Let’s go swimming.
8. Let’s sit on the chair.
9. Let’s open the window.
10. Let’s sleep.
11. Let’s drink some water.
12. Let’s put this in the refrigerator.

337

1. Let’s eat.
2. Let’s drink.
3. Let’s sit.
4. Let’s dance.
5. Let’s sing.
6. Let’s sleep.
7. Let’s walk.
8. Let’s run.

338

1. Let’s drink some water. Repeat.
2. Let’s drink some water. Change: juice. --- [Let’s drink some juice.]
3. Let’s drink some juice. Change: tea. --- [Let’s drink some tea.]
4. Let’s drink some tea. Change: whiskey. --- [Let’s drink some whiskey.]339

1. Let’s open the window.
2. Let’s close the window.
3. Let’s clean the window.
4. Let’s clean the room.
5. Let’s clean the table.
6. Let’s wipe the table.
7. Let’s carry the table.
8. Let’s carry the chair.

340

1. Let’s sleep.
2. Let’s sleep in the room.
3. Let’s sleep in the big room.
4. Let’s sleep in the big white room.
5. Let’s sleep in the big white room next to the door.

341

1. Let’s sit.
2. Let’s sit on the chair.
3. Let’s sit on the red chair.
4. Let’s sit on the red chair next to the table.
5. Let’s sit on the red chair next to the big table.

342

1. Let’s walk.
2. Let’s walk in the street.
3. Let’s walk in the street behind the building.
4. Let’s walk in the street behind the new building.
5. Let’s walk in the street behind the new, white building.

343

1. Let’s go to the shop.
2. Let’s go to the market.
3. Let’s go to the sea.
4. Let’s go to the school.
5. Let’s go to your school.
6. Let’s go to your house.
7. Let’s go to your room.
8. Let’s go to her room.

344

1. Let’s drive our cars. Repeat.
2. Let’s drive our cars. Change: clean. --- [Let’s clean our cars.]
3. Let’s clean our cars. Add: new. --- [Let’s clean our new cars.]
4. Let’s clean our new cars. Change: house. --- [Let’s clean our new house.]
5. Let’s clean our new house. Add: this afternoon. --- [Let’s clean our new
house this afternoon.]
6. Let’s clean our new house this afternoon. Change: old. --- [Let’s clean our oldhouse this afternoon.]
7. Let’s clean our old house this afternoon. Change: bags. --- [Let’s clean ourold bags this afternoon.]
8. Let’s clean our old bags this afternoon. Add: in the room. --- [Let’s clean ourold bags in the room this afternoon.]

345

346

347

348

349

350

351

1. He drinks water every day.
2. He drinks two liters of water every day.
3. He drinks two liters of clean water every day.
4. He drinks two liters of clean water at home every day.

352

1. This pen is five inches short.
2. This pencil is six inches short.
3. This book is ten inches long.
4. This room is ten feet long.
5. That building is ten feet high.
6. Their house is twenty feet high.
7. Their house is thirty meters long.

353

1. Sam likes the drums.
2. Sam likes the sound of the drums.
3. Sam likes the sound of the drums in that new shop.
4. Sam likes the sound of the drums in that new shop next to his house.
5. Sam likes the sound of the drums in that new shop next to his big house.

354

1. I like the sound of the guitar.
2. I like the sound of the violin.
3. I like the sound of the piano.
4. I like the sound of the drums.
5. He likes the sound of the drums.
6. He likes the sound of the trumpet.
7. She likes the sound of the trumpet.
8. They like the sound of the trumpet.

355

1. She drinks two liters of water every day. Repeat.
2. She drinks two liters of water every day. Transform: who. --- [Who drinks twoliters of water every day?]
3. She drinks two liters of water every day. Transform: when. --- [When does she
drink two liters of water?]
4. She drinks two liters of water every day. Transform: what. --- [What does she
drink every day?]
5. She drinks two liters of water every day. Transform: not. --- [She doesn’t
drink two liters of water every day.]356

1. Let’s walk.
2. Let’s walk in the street.
3. Let’s walk in the street behind the building.
4. Let’s walk in the street behind the new building.
5. Let’s walk in the street behind the new, white building.

357

1. The guitar is on the table. Repeat.
2. The guitar is on the table. Change: under. --- [The guitar is under the table.]
3. The guitar is under the table. Add: big. --- [The guitar is under the big table.]
4. The guitar is under the big table. Change: violin. --- [The violin is under the
big table.]
5. The violin is under the big table. Change: next to. --- [The violin is next to thebig table.]
6. The violin is next to the big table. Add: new. --- [The new violin is next to thebig table.]
7. The new violin is next to the big table. Change: trumpet. --- [The new trumpet
is next to the big table.]
8. The new trumpet is next to the big table. Transform: what. --- [What is next tothe big table?]
9. The new trumpet is next to the big table. Transform: where. --- [Where is the
new trumpet?]
10. The new trumpet is next to the big table. Transform: not. --- [The new
trumpet isn’t next to the big table.]358

1. Let’s go to the shop.
2. Let’s go to the market.
3. Let’s go to the sea.
4. Let’s go to the school.
5. Let’s go to your school.
6. Let’s go to your house.
7. Let’s go to your room.
8. Let’s go to her room.

359

1. Let’s drive our cars. Repeat.
2. Let’s drive our cars. Change: clean. --- [Let’s clean our cars.]
3. Let’s clean our cars. Add: new. --- [Let’s clean our new cars.]
4. Let’s clean our new cars. Change: house. --- [Let’s clean our new house.]
5. Let’s clean our new house. Add: this afternoon. --- [Let’s clean our new
house this afternoon.]
6. Let’s clean our new house this afternoon. Change: old. --- [Let’s clean our oldhouse this afternoon.]
7. Let’s clean our old house this afternoon. Change: bags. --- [Let’s clean ourold bags this afternoon.]
8. Let’s clean our old bags this afternoon. Add: in the room. --- [Let’s clean ourold bags in the room this afternoon.]360

1. Is her room five meters long? --- [Yes, her room is five meters long. ]2. Is this pen five inches short? --- [Yes, this pen is five inches short.]
3. Who ran about two kilometers yesterday? --- [He ran about two kilometers
yesterday.]4. Are there 100 centimeters in one meter? --- [Yes, there are 100 centimeters in
one meter.]
5. Did he drive ten miles last week? --- [Yes, he drove ten miles last week.]
6. Is the house ten feet high? --- [Yes, the house is ten feet high. ]7. Are there twelve inches in one foot? --- [Yes, there are twelve inches in one
foot.]
8. Does he drink two liters of water every day? --- [Yes, he drinks two liters ofwater every day.]361

1. Let’s drink some water. Repeat.
2. Let’s drink some water. Change: juice. --- [Let’s drink some juice.]
3. Let’s drink some juice. Change: tea. --- [Let’s drink some tea.]
4. Let’s drink some tea. Change: whiskey. --- [Let’s drink some whiskey.]362

1. He drinks two liters of clean water at home every day.
2. She heard the drums.
3. Let’s open the window.
4. His house is ten feet high.
5. Let’s drive our cars.
6. The trumpet sounds interesting.

363

The period is the most common form of punctuation. It is used to end a
sentence in the English language.
It is also known as a full stop because it signals to a speaker or reader that thesentence has come to an end.
Examples:The dog is brown.
The baby is crying.
We use a comma to separate words or phrases of three or more.
Example:The colors in my bedroom are blue, green and yellow.
We also use a comma to separate two adjectives and when writing a date in a
sentence.
Examples:He is a little, short man.
He was born on March 17th, 1981.

364

We use a question mark at the end of a sentence that asks a question.
Examples:Where is the bathroom?
Are you home?
An exclamation mark is used to give emphasis to a statement.
This means the writer wants the reader to understand there is a strong feelingor urgency expressed by the statement.
Examples:Watch out!
Shut up!

365

The colon is one of the easiest forms of punctuation in the English language
because it basically does one thing: it is used to introduce something, forexample a list or a topic.
Colons can introduce a word or words, a phrase, or a quotation.
Example: I like many healthy foods: carrots, apples, spinach and oranges.
We use a semicolon to connect two related, or similar, sentences.
Example: My shirt is green; my brother’s is blue.
We also use it to connect items in a list if there are already commas in thesentence. Use this when listing dates, locations, names and descriptions.
Examples: Our birthdays are July 11, 2000; February 12, 2007; and April 9, 2007.
My favorite teachers are Mrs. White, my math teacher; Mrs. Smith, my readingteacher; and Mr. Johnson, my music teacher.

366

The quotation mark is used to quote exact words from spoken or written
English.
Examples: She said, “Come home.” “This is a new car,” Jeff explained.
We can also use it to show titles. The titles can be of short stories, poems,
articles, chapters, etc.
Example: My favorite poem by Emily Dickinson is “There Is Another Sky.”
We use the apostrophe to indicate possession by a noun and to represent
missing letters in a contraction.
Examples: dog’s house = the house of the dog
Mr. Smith’s car = Mr. Smith owns the carcannot = can’t
is not = isn’t

367

1. My father works in that building.
2. The cat ran outside the house.
3. Where do you live?
4. What food do you like?
5. We had a test on September 23, 2016.
6. They live in a small, white house next to the market.
7. This is cute!
8. I don’t like that dog!

368

9. Tom has four friends: Sally, Mark, Alex and Jane.
10. Sam doesn’t like these colors: black, yellow, orange and red.
11. I love green; he likes red.
12. Peter bought a cat; Jason bought a dog.
13. I read the book "The Cat in the Hat" yesterday.
14. That is my mother’s bag.
15. We can’t go shopping this afternoon.

369

1. What food do you like?
2. What bag do you like?
3. What book do you like?
4. What book do you love?
5. What song do you love?
6. What song do you want?
7. What fruit do you want?
8. What vegetable do you want?

370

1. The cat ran outside the house.
2. The dog ran outside the house.
3. The dog ran outside the room.
4. The boy ran outside the room.
5. The boy walked outside the room.
6. The boy walked inside the room.
7. The boy walked inside the building.
8. The boy walked along the building.

371

1. They live in a small house.
2. They live in a small, white house.
3. They live in a small, white house next to the market.
4. They live in a small, white house next to the big market.

372

1. Jane can’t go shopping.
2. Jane and Alex can’t go shopping.
3. Jane and Alex can’t go shopping this afternoon.
4. Jane and Alex can’t go shopping at three o’clock this afternoon.

373

1. This is cute!
2. This dog in the picture is cute!
3. This white dog in the picture is cute!
4. This black and white dog in the picture is cute!

374

1. She read the book "The Cat in the Hat" yesterday. Repeat.
2. She read the book "The Cat in the Hat" yesterday. Transform: what. --- [Whatdid she read yesterday?]
3. She read the book "The Cat in the Hat" yesterday. Transform: who. --- [Whoread the book "The Cat in the Hat" yesterday?]
4. She read the book "The Cat in the Hat" yesterday. Transform: when. --- [Whendid she read the book "The Cat in the Hat"?]
5. She read the book "The Cat in the Hat" yesterday. Transform: not. --- [Shedidn’t read the book "The Cat in the Hat" yesterday.]375

1. The girl ran outside the house yesterday afternoon. Repeat.
2. The girl ran outside the house yesterday afternoon. Transform: who. --- [Whoran outside the house yesterday afternoon?]
3. The girl ran outside the house yesterday afternoon. Transform: what. --[What did the girl do yesterday afternoon?]
4. The girl ran outside the house yesterday afternoon. Transform: where. --[Where did the girl run yesterday afternoon?]
5. The girl ran outside the house yesterday afternoon. Transform: when. --[When did the girl run outside the house?]
6. The girl ran outside the house yesterday afternoon. Transform: not. --- [Thegirl didn’t run outside the house yesterday afternoon.]376

1. We had a test on September 23, 2016 in Tokyo. Repeat.
2. We had a test on September 23, 2016 in Tokyo. Transform: who. --- [Who hada test on September 23, 2016 in Tokyo?]
3. We had a test on September 23, 2016 in Tokyo. Transform: what. --- [What did
we have on September 23, 2016 in Tokyo?]
4. We had a test on September 23, 2016 in Tokyo. Transform: when. --- [Whendid we have a test in Tokyo?]
5. We had a test on September 23, 2016 in Tokyo. Transform: where. --- [Where
did we have a test on September 23, 2016?]
6. We had a test on September 23, 2016 in Tokyo. Transform: not. --- [We didn’t
have a test on September 23, 2016 in Tokyo.

377

1. Does my father work in that building? --- [Yes, my father works in thatbuilding.]
2. Did the cat run outside the house? --- [Yes, the cat ran outside the house.]
3. Where do they live? --- [They live in a small, white house next to the market.]
4. Does Tom have four friends: Sally, Mark, Alex and Jane? --- [Yes, Tom hasfour friends: Sally, Mark, Alex and Jane.]
5. Who doesn’t like these colors: black, yellow, orange and red? --- [Samdoesn’t like these colors: black, yellow, orange and red.]
6. Who can’t go shopping this afternoon? --- [We can’t go shopping thisafternoon.]
7. Did I read the book "The Cat in the Hat" yesterday? --- [Yes, I read the book
"The Cat in the Hat" yesterday.]
8. Is that my mother’s bag? --- [Yes, that is my mother’s bag.]378

A phrase is a group of words, but it does not have a subject doing a verb.
A clause is a group of words that has both a subject and a predicate.
An independent clause can stand on its own as a sentence.
For example, “I was happy to see him”, “She goes to school every day”, etc.
A dependent clause has a subject doing a verb, but it has a subordinate
conjunction placed in front of the clause.
For example, “because he smiled”, “when I woke up”, etc.

379

1. She likes to go to school.
2. She likes to go to school with her sister.
3. She was happy.
4. The girl was happy when the boy smiled at her.
5. The daughter was happy because her mother came home early.
6. The boy likes to eat vegetables for lunch.
7. My uncle drinks a glass of milk every day.

380

1. in the afternoon
2. after lunch
3. in the room
4. for her sister
5. going home
6. after the game
7. at the window
8. three books
9. sheet of paper
10. an old newspaper381

1. because she smiled at you
2. when she came
3. since she woke up
4. after I ate lunch
5. before she sends the letter
6. when she goes to school
7. as I wrote her name on a sheet of paper382[1. phrase][2. dependent clause][3. phrase][4. phrase][5. dependent clause][6. independent clause][7. phrase][8. dependent clause]383

1. “because she smiled.” Repeat.
2. “because she smiled” is a phrase. Is it correct? --- [No, it isn’t correct; it’s aclause.]3. The girl was happy. Repeat.
4. The girl was happy. Add: because the boy smiled. --- [The girl was happy
because the boy smiled.]
5. The girl was happy because the boy smiled. Add: at her. --- [The girl was
happy because the boy smiled at her.]
6. “The girl was happy because the boy smiled at her. ”What is the dependent
clause? --- [The dependent clause is “because the boy smiled at her”.]
7. “The girl was happy because the boy smiled at her. ”What is the independent
clause? --- [The independent clause is “the girl was happy”.]
8. The girl was happy because the boy smiled at her. Transform: who. --- [Whowas happy because the boy smiled at her?]
9. The girl was happy because the boy smiled at her. Add: I. --- [The girl and I
were happy because the boy smiled at us.]
10. The girl and I were happy because the boy smiled at us. Change: when. --[The girl and I were happy when the boy smiled at us.]384

[1. independent clause][2. phrase][3. phrase][4. independent clause][5. dependent clause]385

[6. independent clause][7. independent clause ][8. phrase][9. phrase][10. dependent clause]

386

387

388

389

390

1. The cat ran outside the house.
2. The dog ran outside the house.
3. The dog ran outside the room.
4. The boy ran outside the room.
5. The boy walked outside the room.
6. The boy walked inside the room.
7. The boy walked inside the building.
8. The boy walked along the building.

391

1. in the afternoon
2. after lunch
3. in the room
4. for her sister
5. going home
6. after the game
7. at the window
8. three books
9. sheet of paper
10. an old newspaper392

1. She read the book "The Cat in the Hat" yesterday. Repeat.
2. She read the book "The Cat in the Hat" yesterday. Transform: what. --- [Whatdid she read yesterday?]
3. She read the book "The Cat in the Hat" yesterday. Transform: who. --- [Whoread the book "The Cat in the Hat" yesterday?]
4. She read the book "The Cat in the Hat" yesterday. Transform: when. --- [Whendid she read the book "The Cat in the Hat"?]
5. She read the book "The Cat in the Hat" yesterday. Transform: not. --- [Shedidn’t read the book "The Cat in the Hat" yesterday.]393

1. This is cute!
2. This dog in the picture is cute!
3. This white dog in the picture is cute!
4. This black and white dog in the picture is cute!

394[1. phrase][2. dependent clause][3. phrase][4. phrase][5. dependent clause][6. independent clause][7. phrase][8. dependent clause]395

1. Jane can’t go shopping.
2. Jane and Alex can’t go shopping.
3. Jane and Alex can’t go shopping this afternoon.
4. Jane and Alex can’t go shopping at three o’clock this afternoon.

396

1. “because she smiled.” Repeat.
2. “because she smiled” is a phrase. Is it correct? --- [No, it isn’t correct; it’s aclause.]3. The girl was happy. Repeat.
4. The girl was happy. Add: because the boy smiled. --- [The girl was happy
because the boy smiled.]
5. The girl was happy because the boy smiled. Add: at her. --- [The girl was
happy because the boy smiled at her.]
6. “The girl was happy because the boy smiled at her. ”What is the dependent
clause? --- [The dependent clause is “because the boy smiled at her”.]
7. “The girl was happy because the boy smiled at her. ”What is the independent
clause? --- [The independent clause is “the girl was happy”.]
8. The girl was happy because the boy smiled at her. Transform: who. --- [Whowas happy because the boy smiled at her?]
9. The girl was happy because the boy smiled at her. Add: I. --- [The girl and I
were happy because the boy smiled at us.]
10. The girl and I were happy because the boy smiled at us. Change: when. --[The girl and I were happy when the boy smiled at us.]397

1. The girl ran outside the house yesterday afternoon. Repeat.
2. The girl ran outside the house yesterday afternoon. Transform: who. --- [Whoran outside the house yesterday afternoon?]
3. The girl ran outside the house yesterday afternoon. Transform: what. --[What did the girl do yesterday afternoon?]
4. The girl ran outside the house yesterday afternoon. Transform: where. --[Where did the girl run yesterday afternoon?]
5. The girl ran outside the house yesterday afternoon. Transform: when. --[When did the girl run outside the house?]
6. The girl ran outside the house yesterday afternoon. Transform: not. --- [Thegirl didn’t run outside the house yesterday afternoon.]398

1. They live in a small house.
2. They live in a small, white house.
3. They live in a small, white house next to the market.
4. They live in a small, white house next to the big market.

399

[1. independent clause][2. phrase][3. phrase][4. independent clause][5. dependent clause]400[6. independent clause][7. independent clause ][8. phrase][9. phrase][10. dependent clause]4011. Does my father work in that building? --- [Yes, my father works in thatbuilding.]
2. Did the cat run outside the house? --- [Yes, the cat ran outside the house.]
3. Where do they live? --- [They live in a small, white house next to the market.]
4. Does Tom have four friends: Sally, Mark, Alex and Jane? --- [Yes, Tom hasfour friends: Sally, Mark, Alex and Jane.]
5. Who doesn’t like these colors: black, yellow, orange and red? --- [Samdoesn’t like these colors: black, yellow, orange and red.]
6. Who can’t go shopping this afternoon? --- [We can’t go shopping thisafternoon.]
7. Did I read the book "The Cat in the Hat" yesterday? --- [Yes, I read the book
"The Cat in the Hat" yesterday.]
8. Is that my mother’s bag? --- [Yes, that is my mother’s bag.]402

1. The boy walked along the building.
2. The daughter was happy because her mother came home early.
3. The girl was happy.
4. This dog in the picture is cute!
5. as I wrote her name on a sheet of paper
6. The girl was happy because the boy smiled.

403