THE INTERNATIONAL ADVISORY COMMITTEE
ON THE J-PARC PROJECTREPORT
Meeting held 10-11 March 2014
Tokai, Japan

LINAC upgraded successfully!
April 15th, 2014

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Contents
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY (JMP) ..............................................................................................................4
SUMMARY OF THE RECOMMENDATIONS BY SECTIONS IN THE REPORT ...............................................5
Management and safety ........................................................................................................................... 5
Budget ....................................................................................................................................................... 5
Accelerators .............................................................................................................................................. 5
Particle and Nuclear Physics ..................................................................................................................... 5
MLF............................................................................................................................................................ 5
MUSE facility ............................................................................................................................................. 5
Transmutation........................................................................................................................................... 6
GENERAL STATUS OF THE PROJECT .....................................................................................................7
SAFETY ..............................................................................................................................................7
BUDGET .............................................................................................................................................9STATUS OF THE ACCELERATOR SYSTEMS.............................................................................................9SCIENTIFIC PROGRAMS ....................................................................................................................11
PARTICLE AND NUCLEAR/HADRON PHYSICS .......................................................................................... 11
Neutrino Experiments ............................................................................................................................. 11
FUNDAMENTAL PHYSICS WITH MUONS ................................................................................................. 12
COMET experiment ............................................................................................................................. 12
g-2 experiment .................................................................................................................................... 12
Rare-processes program with kaon beams......................................................................................... 13
Hadron/Hypernuclear physics ............................................................................................................ 13
MATERIAL AND LIFE SCIENCES (MLF)...................................................................................................... 14
Neutron Scattering Facility ................................................................................................................. 14
MUSE ................................................................................................................................................... 14
NUCLEAR TRANSMUTATION ................................................................................................................... 15
USER SUPPORT AND INTERNATIONALIZATION ......................................................................................... 16
CONCLUSIONS .................................................................................................................................18
Appendix I .......................................................................................................................................19
Appendix II ......................................................................................................................................20
Appendix III .....................................................................................................................................21

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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY (JMP)

The International Advisory Committee (IAC) for the J-PARC project met on March 10th and 11th, 2014 at
the J-PARC centre, Tokai and toured the main J-PARC experimental facilities on the 11th.
The IAC thanks the J-PARC Director Dr. Y. Ikeda for providing a comprehensive view of the laboratory
through detailed presentations from his staff and appreciates the commitments expressed by the twohost laboratory directors, Dr. A. Suzuki and Dr. H. Namba, for the role of J-PARC in their respective roadmaps. The views of MEXT on large scale research facilities as a vector for Japan’s recovery and Industry
Revitalization Plan through the promotion of Science, Technology, and Innovation augurs well for thecontinuous support for J-PARC’s operations by MEXT.
The lessons learned from the Hadron Hall radiation incident have been incorporated into a new safety
organisation and in the promotion of an enhanced safety-culture and better project management in thelaboratory. This should not be viewed as an added burden but as a way of delivering science in a more
efficient and professional manner.
In parallel and in trying circumstances, an exciting milestone was reached on the way to the design goals
for J-PARC’s accelerators with the successful completion of the energy upgrade of the LINAC to 400 MeV.
With the concomitant realignment of the RCS magnets, this provides a strong basis for the intensity
upgrade plan pursued by management. The MLF is operating at 300 kW with much reduced beam losses
and it is very likely that the 1MW operation will be possible when the mercury target will be capable ofwithstanding the associated thermal stresses. World class instruments are attracting a large academic
user community (~800) from diverse fields to MLF and interestingly also a sizable fraction of industrial
users (20%). Exciting new results were published by the T2K experiment which paved the way to asearch for CP violation in the neutrino sector, the holy grail for this field. Higher intensities and sustained
operation of the MR are now key to moving forward. Similarly the flagship experiments in the HadronHall were ready to take data when the radiation incident occurred and will be eagerly awaiting thereturn of the beam delivery. Several new long term programs on rare muon decays, precision
measurement of muon anomalous moment and modification of hadrons in nuclei are also moving
forward with new facilities that are competing for new funding and resources.
JAEA has increased its commitment to new ADS facilities using the higher energy LINAC. In the context
of international participation, an attractive program can be mounted which will have a complementaryrole to existing or planned infrastructure for studying radiation damages in materials and improved fuelcycles for nuclear power generators.
The IAC finds that the future scientific opportunities at J-PARC are world-class and with a carefully
managed operation and appropriate resources, it can contribute in a meaningful way to Japan’s
objectives of industrial revitalization and global outreach.

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SUMMARY OF THE RECOMMENDATIONS BY SECTIONS IN THE REPORTManagement and safety
Recommendation #1
The IAC supports the implementation of a bottom-up approach to safety for all personnel and users withuniform standards across the J-PARC site. The IAC recommends the inclusion of a comprehensive risk
analysis as part of the evaluation of all projects and experiments.
The IAC supports the continuation of including a national and international component in safety related
management committees. As part of its annual review, the IAC should be asked to comment on thestatistics and lessons learned from safety related incidents.
BudgetRecommendation #2
In order for Japan to exploit the major investment made at J-PARC for particle and nuclear physics weurge the funding agencies to recognize and meet the need for sustained and predictable operation of
the complex in order to ensure scientific productivity in particle and nuclear physics. This commitment
is critical to the goal of enhancing international collaboration at J-PARC.
Recommendation #3
The IAC supports an examination of the potential savings in operating efficiencies for example in runningsome MR programs at a lower proton beam energy (24 GeV).
Accelerators
Recommendation #4
It is now urgent to finalize the plans for the MR power supplies upgrades to keep the schedule for power
upgrade in the MR especially to maintain the leadership of J-PARC in the neutrino program.
Particle and Nuclear Physics
Recommendation #5
We recommend that J-PARC and the hadron user community together examine the slow-extraction
program, trying to optimize the physics results in light of current and expected future conditions andclearly define with the users what they can realistically expect over the next 5 years.
MLF
Recommendation #6
As a tool to make strategic decisions regarding the optimal scientific exploitation of the MLF instruments,
the IAC again recommends that highlights together with statistics of publications of the MLF bebenchmarked against those of its peer-Institutions like ILL, SNS, ISIS, etc. In this context the IAC also
recommends that MLF and CROSS collaborate to establish a scheme to seek for scientific advice fromthe wider scientific community to identify truly pioneering research targets.

MUSE facility
Recommendation #7
The committee still considers the U-line to be the highest priority beamline at MUSE, as the pulsed ultraslow muon beam will be a unique facility worldwide that will attract international users.
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Recommendation # 8
The committee supports the current plan to develop the H-line ahead of construction of the S2-S4 lines
which should be commensurate with the growing demands of the muSR user community. The
development of the S-line in 2014 should concentrate fully on completing the S1 station.
Transmutation
Recommendation #9
The TEF-T and TEF-P designs and their safety approach should be submitted to an International
reviewing panel.
Recommendation #10
The Users group for the TEF-T facility should be consulted to assess more specific demands on
irradiation conditions in order to define the characteristics of the facility accordingly.
Recommendation #11
The upgrading the Technological complex of the HLM at Tokai laboratories should be conducted insynergy with other laboratories in the world active in this field to avoid duplication leading to saving
money.
Recommendation #12
Safety rules and management to be applied for the ADS facilities in J-PARC need to be carefully
developed in agreement with nuclear facilities regulations.
Recommendation #13
Personnel and expertise available at J-PARC (for ex-targetry) or at JAEA (Monju) should now be engaged
in the ADS programme.

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GENERAL STATUS OF THE PROJECTThe International Advisory Committee (IAC) for the J-PARC project met on March 10th and 11th 2014 at
the J-PARC User Centre, Tokai and toured the main J-PARC experimental facilities on the 11th. Appendix I
gives the agenda for the meeting while Appendix III indicates the charge that the J-PARC director gave tothe committee. The full committee (see Appendix II) participated in the two-day meeting, except for Dr.
Beierschmitt (ORNL Associate Director for Neutron Sciences) who could not attend.
Presentations on the status of the laboratory by the Director, Dr. Y. Ikeda, and by the newly appointed
head of the safety group, Dr. M. Baba, gave an overview of the state of the laboratory nine months after
the May 2013 radiation incident in the Hadron Hall which stopped all beam operation for the rest of thecalendar year. Reports on the status of the technical facilities were supplemented by science
presentations highlighting the recent scientific achievements. The IAC also heard reports from the
Accelerator Technical Advisory Committee (A-TAC) which had just met a few days earlier. The directorsof KEK, Dr. A. Suzuki and of JAEA, Dr. H. Namba placed the J-PARC program in the context of theirrespective institutions priorities, while Mr. K. Kudo from MEXT described the views of the main funding
agency. Hence, the IAC had a very global view of the laboratory on which to formulate its
recommendations.
The safety-related issues and budgetary constraints dominated the discussions and were highlighted in
the IAC recommendations.
This had been a difficult year for the laboratory as it recovered from a serious radiation incident in the
Hadron Hall which triggered a removal of the operating licence by the overseeing authorities for many
months. After considerable effort, the causes of the problems were identified and the organization
structure was modified to better deal with such abnormal situations. A breach of trust with the local
governments and public resulting from the inadequate initial response to the incident had to beaddressed with great care.
The IAC commends the laboratory management for its response to these challenges and in particular for
how the J-PARC staff as a whole pulled together to address the issues. The IAC highlights the openness
with which the remedial actions taken were reported to the user community and to the public and how
the use of expertise nationally and internationally gave credence to the solutions adopted.

SAFETYThis year’s proceedings were dominated by the issues related to the Hadron Hall radiation incident of
May 2013. A technical fault in the extraction quadrupole power-supply of the main ring (MR) resulted ina fast extraction of the full circulating beam in 5 msec instead of the normal slow extraction over two
seconds resulting in the partial melting of the gold production target with a subsequent release ofvolatile contamination in the hall. Radiation monitors in the hall indicated increased radiation levels.
However, at the time, a misunderstanding of the event led to confusion and wrong decisions by the
personnel and it took more than a day before the nature of the earlier event was fully appreciated andreported to the licensing authorities. Several users received radiation doses (less than 1mSievert) andtracked contamination outside the hall. This led to a suspension of the operating license for the whole
site and a subsequent major effort to understand what went wrong initially and why the response to theinitial alarms were misunderstood and mismanaged.
The IAC was impressed by the tremendous effort pulled together to re-establish operation approval by
the national and local authorities. It noted the unity of focus of the whole J-PARC staff in these trying
circumstances.
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The technical issue with the power-supply control system has been identified and mitigation actions
have been taken to reduce the probability of such event and to better control the possible
contamination releases in the target enclosure. The IAC believes that even if the specific failure mode
encountered last May is unlikely to reoccur, the new safeguards introduced for the Hadron target should
envisage a possible meltdown of the target by any unforeseen circumstances (worst case scenario). The
IAC was concerned that reusing a gold target was not optimal from a melting temperature point of view.
A target with a higher melting point might be safer in that regards even at the price of reduced
secondary pion and kaon production. This is a case where a careful risk management evaluation must
be undertaken, including evaluations of the technical, personnel, users, and public impacts for thewhole of J-PARC not just the Hadron Hall.
The second facet revealed by the handling of the incident is a safety organisation deficiency and asafety-culture inadequacy. J-PARC management has now elevated the safety group under Dr. Baba to
the level of a division, reporting directly to the director. The safety group should be viewed as anauditing group with expertise in occupational and personnel safety management which would have theauthority to stop any unsafe practices onsite. It should be the key interface between divisional leaders
responsible for the safety aspect of their respective divisions and management. The IAC views this as agood first step and recommends that bottom-up approaches to safety be included in any scenario forapproving facilities, experiments, and operating procedures. Although the Hadron Hall incident focused
the attention on radiation safety, the IAC is aware that most accidents in laboratories like J-PARC are notradiation related but industrial in nature; hence the need to have an all-encompassing approach tosafety. The IAC considers that the reorganisation implemented in October can deliver better safety
management. The realignment of the safety-culture in the laboratory will require a continuous effort
and is a long-term objective requiring constant interaction with all levels of personnel. It is particularly
challenging when dealing with a large and diverse user community. The IAC supports a bottom-up
approach in which everyone - staff members, managers, and users - feel responsible for their safety andthat of their colleagues.
The IAC supports the director’s efforts in devising mechanisms to ensure that safety is the first andforemost priority and to promote a safety-culture at all levels
The IAC was pleased to see that the response to the incident by management included reviews byexternal (international) expert panels and communications on a regular basis with the user community,
the regulatory authorities and the public. This openness is key for re-establishing the confidence lostwith the community of users and with the public.
The IAC applauds the initiative taken by J-PARC in soliciting input on safety-culture and safety practices(at CERN, Brookhaven, Oak Ridge, and ANSTO) as part of the recent ATAC and NAC meetings. We
recommend that these exchanges be extended and deepened, in order to get the maximum benefit
both ways. In addition, we urge that J-PARC identify other Japanese domestic industries or companies
that are recognised as “best in class” for safety-culture, in order to benchmark and share experiences
within the specific Japanese political and cultural context. In other countries, these exchanges occur
with the chemical, petroleum, aviation, defence and mining sectors, for instance.

Recommendation #1

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The IAC supports the implementation of a bottom-up approach to safety for all personnel and users withuniform standards across the J-PARC site. The IAC recommends the inclusion of a comprehensive risk
analysis as part of the evaluation of all projects and experiments.
The IAC supports the continuation of including a national and international component in safety related
management committees. As part of its annual review, the IAC should be asked to comment on thestatistics and lessons learned from safety related incidents.

BUDGET

JAEA has been able to commit to a full 8 months of user operation in FY14 but KEK was only able to fund
3-4 months of beam time for the MR program. This has dramatic consequences for the Hadron Hall
restoration of the scientific program which has suffered greatly from the radiation accident and fromprevious poor slow-extraction beam quality. With both items under control it was hoped that asustained beam delivery in FY14 would truly launch several key experiments like KOTO and thehypernuclear program based on kaon beams and allow the neutrino group to continue to make majoradvances. The IAC views this situation as very problematic not only for FY14 but for the long term. It is
critical that the user community at large be reassured that beam availability at J-PARC will not be inquestion on a year-to-year basis so that long-term international programs could be attracted. A decent
sustained yearly beam time allocation is the single most important factor for making J-PARC an
attractive international user laboratory.
Retaining a leadership position in the world particle and nuclear physics stage
The J-PARC neutrino, rare-processes, and hadron-physics programs have a strong presence on the worldstage which is now at risk with the lack of resources allocated to operate the accelerator complex forthese experiments. In contrast to the large number of very successful Material and Life Sciences
experiments which typically are short in duration, the high-sensitivity particle-physics experiments at JPARC require years of dedicated operations in order to lead the field, at the level of several thousand
hours of operation per year. The hadron physics program requires a coordinated series of experiments
which again require substantial beam time. This level of operational commitment was the foundation of
the recent Nobel prizes awarded for research at the CERN Large Hadron Collider for discovery of the
Higgs and for research at the KEK B-factory on matter-antimatter asymmetries.
Principal Recommendation #2
In order for Japan to exploit the major investment made at J-PARC for particle- and nuclear- physics weurge the funding agencies to recognize and meet the need for sustained and predictable operation of
the complex in order to ensure scientific productivity in particle- and nuclear- physics. This commitment
is critical to the goal of enhancing international collaboration at J-PARC.
Recommendation #3
The IAC supports an examination of the potential savings in operating efficiencies for example in runningsome MR programs at a lower proton beam energy (24 GeV).

STATUS OF THE ACCELERATOR SYSTEMSThe IAC was very impressed by the success of the energy upgrade of the LINAC from 180 MeV to 400
MeV. The installation of the 25 new accelerating cavities, the upgrade to the injection system in the RCS
and the realignment of the RCS were conducted over the 6-month shutdown period on schedule and afast commissioning period allowed for the return of operation of the MLF with 300kW beam power by
9the 17th of February. Not only was the beam power restored to pre-shutdown values in record time but
the beam losses at injection in the RCS are now considerably reduced below the requirement for 1MW
operation. This is a tremendous accomplishment. In parallel and following the recommendations of
ATAC, the new high-intensity ion source and the new improved RFQ III were operated on the test standand met the requirement for 1MW operation in the future. Long-term operation of these devices on thetest stand is now underway to assess the reliability and stability of the systems before committing toinstallation in the next summer shutdown. This bodes very well for the power-increase projection forboth the RCS and MR programs. The planned power-level increases appear to be quite feasible on theapproved schedule certainly for the RCS. For the MR intensity upgrade, the required new high-power RF
cavities are being produced and the R&D for MR fast cycling power-supplies has made significant
progress. The MR power-supply upgrade project is now on the critical path for a future 750kW operationof the MR by FY2017.
The IAC reaffirms the importance of achieving the design goals of 1MW in MLF and 750kW in the MR
ring as the next critical milestone.
Recommendation #4
It is now urgent to finalize the plans for the MR power supplies upgrade to keep the schedule for power
upgrade in the MR especially to maintain the leadership of J-PARC in the neutrino program.

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SCIENTIFIC PROGRAMSPARTICLE AND NUCLEAR/HADRON PHYSICSThe IAC congratulates the particle and nuclear physics research communities, laboratories, and agencies
on their continued scientific productivity and development future programs while simultaneously
addressing the Hadron Hall accident that occurred in May 2013. The particle and nuclear physics
programs are primarily supported by the Main Ring (MR) fast extracted beam for the neutrino program,and the MR slow extracted beamlines for experiments in the Hadron Hall. Two additional beams support
particle- and nuclear-physics programs, these are the MLF (MUSE) H-line that supports muon
measurements and the LINAC beam that could support future neutron Electric Dipole Moment (EDM)
measurements. Construction of an additional MR target station and a high momentum beamline began
in 2013 and will open up an exciting new domain of research in hadron physics and supports the timely
staged development of the muon-to-electron conversion experiment (COMET).
The scientific productivity of the J-PARC particle- and nuclear-physics research program depends
critically on both the quantity and quality of the high-power beams delivered to experiments. Beam
power in excess of 300 kW is now routinely delivered to the MUSE facility, 220 kW to the long-baseline
fast-extraction neutrino experiment and in excess of 15kW of high quality slow-extracted beam to the
Hadron Hall facility. The laboratory successfully completed the LINAC upgrade, raising the proton beamenergy from 180 MeV to 400 MeV, and planned upgrades of many other accelerator systems which will
enable eventual Megawatt class operation of the MUSE facility and the long-baseline fast-extraction
neutrino experiment and in excess of 100kW of high-quality slow-extracted beam to the Hadron Hall
facility. For the rare-processes experiments, there has been important progress on R&D supporting thefuture muon program and on the commissioning of the kaon experiments. Both programs have worldclass sensitivity to physics beyond the standard model of particle physics, and beyond the direct reach of
the Large Hadron Collider.
Neutrino Experiments
A leading pursuit in particle physics today is the search for physical phenomena beyond the so-called“Standard Model”. Even in the context of the now established Higgs Boson, a central feature of theStandard Model, neutrino physics is the only laboratory venue today that has revealed phenomena
beyond the Standard Model, through the existence of massive neutrino states. An intense worldwide
program to measure the mixing properties of neutrinos has continued to surprise us, and the emerging
pattern of large mixing between neutrino species is now providing intriguing hints of possibly other new
physics beyond the Standard Model.
We congratulate the T2K collaboration, the laboratories, JAEA and MEXT on definitively establishing theappearance effect of electron neutrinos in an initial muon neutrino beam. This effect together withother precision measurements by T2K and other experiments in the field have provided the first hints of
the “holy grail” in neutrino physics: matter-antimatter asymmetry among neutrinos which if discovered
could be more significant than the matter-antimatter asymmetries among quarks for which Japan won
the Nobel prize in 2008.
For the remainder of this decade the international neutrino community will closely follow the combined
sensitivity of the T2K experiment and the recently commissioned Fermilab long-baseline neutrino
experiment NOvA for measurement of neutrino mass ordering (mass hierarchy) and evidence of matterantimatter asymmetry within the neutrino sector. Both are approved to run at 750kW beam power on11

target but with different mean neutrino energy and baseline length which makes them complementary.
Combining the sensitivity of the T2K and NOvA programs will optimize the sensitivity of the joint worldwide program through the decade. The IAC endorses the vision of T2K working in a long-term
international collaborative pursuit of the next frontier of neutrino physics: mass ordering and matterantimatter asymmetries. The IAC appreciates the recent effort of the T2K collaboration to develop
quantitative models of joint future sensitivity to neutrino parameters which will valuable incommunicating with the broader scientific community.
FUNDAMENTAL PHYSICS WITH MUONS
It is natural that a facility with the potential for high-intensity beams such as J-PARC should support anexperimental program which explores, with high precision and high sensitivity, a broad range offundamental processes. It also seems appropriate that the experimental program bridge different subfacilities.
COMET experiment
Currently, the experiment which is fully approved and which will be mounted first is COMET Phase I in
the Hadron Hall. This experiment is fast tracked with construction to be completed and to run, perhaps
as early as 2016. With the intended sensitivity for muon to electron conversion of 10-14, there is awindow for this experiment to produce a measurement with the world’s best sensitivity. The
experiment is not without its challenges, but has reviewed well in the PAC and has had its experimental
progress on its highest technological challenges examined by an international review. The Mu2E
experiment at Fermilab is expected to have higher sensitivity but currently COMET Phase I is scheduled
to run significantly earlier. Targetry concerns following the Hadron Hall accident have motivated agraphite target with higher radiation tolerance but a lower muon yield which substantially increases therun time of Phase I to 83 days of dedicated beam time. This will have a significant impact on the
program planning for the whole MR program.
COMET Phase II has a projected sensitivity of 10-16,which approximately matches that of the Mu2eexperiment at Fermilab. The necessary civil construction will already be completed for COMET Phase I,
which is an advantage. Both experiments project running by the end of the decade. For COMET Phase II
to maintain its competitive posture, it needs to accomplish important aspects of its R&D program aheadof eventual approval.
There is also an initiative (DeeMe) to search for end-point electrons (typically 105 MeV/c) produced in
the target by the RCS beam which would be a signal of the conversion of a muon to an electron. The
technique contrasts dramatically to the COMET approach and could have a sensitivity in the range of
COMET phase I with very different systematic errors.
The IAC continues to consider that COMET Phase I is potentially a very high return experiment which
could establish world leadership in a new area for J-PARC.
g-2 experiment:
The experimental technique proposed in the Material and Life sciences Facility (MLF) is a departure fromthe approach used by the famous series of muon (g-2) measurements made over the past 50 years at
CERN and Brookhaven. The new technique stores the decaying muons in a high-quality MRI likemagnetic field in which the very-low emittance of the injected muons relaxes the relatively high “magic
12momentum” requirement of the CERN-Brookhaven technique. The potential sensitivity (0.2 ppm)
improves on that of the measurement at BNL (0.5 ppm) but falls a little short of the original projection(0.1 ppm),which is similar to the precision of the new measurement at Fermilab. By measurement of theup/down asymmetry in the positrons, a sensitive measurement of the electric dipole moment can beachieved. This is thought to exceed slightly the sensitivity of the Fermilab (g-2) measurement, which
would be its main competitor. This innovative approach makes the program very attractive.
The IAC congratulates the (g-2)/EDM team on their recent break-through of dramatically increasing the
production yield of muonium, which is critical to the eventual success of these innovative techniques.
Phase II of COMET, and a novel approach to the measurement of the muon g-2, and muon electric
dipole moment, are packaged as a physics initiative along with the Hadron Hall extension. To proceedbeyond the R&D, which was included in the top 27 projects by the Japan Science Council, needs
approval by Working Group for "Large Scale Projects for Scientific Research" under the MEXT Council for
Science and Technology.
Rare-processes program with kaon beams
The KOTO collaboration has produced high quality data from the pilot run in 2013 that was cut short by
the Hadron Hall accident. These data demonstrate that the experiment is now ready to embark on aphysics run aimed at providing world-leading sensitivity, beyond the so called “Grossman-Nir” search
frontier established by other experiments.
The E36 experiment has received Stage-2 approval from the PAC and is now facing a major schedulingchallenge exacerbated by the Hadron Hall accident. The K 1.1BR beamline, in which it runs, is to be
removed for the COMET and High momentum beamline installation. There is a narrow window for
operations by the summer of 2015 that is scheduled but currently not funded.
These programs cannot run when COMET is taking beam (COMET relies on a 8 GeV pulsed proton beam),nor when the neutrino program is on.
Hadron/Hypernuclear physics:
The research of the hadron physics program addresses forefront issues in the properties of dense
baryonic matter and our ability to understand nuclear forces and properties from the underlying theoryof quantum chromodynamics. The focus on hypernuclei, doubly- strange hypernuclei and the impact ofkaons in nuclei bear directly on the nature of the interior of neutron stars where potentially dramaticefforts of the strangeness degree of freedom has been long debated. Our limited experimental
knowledge of hyperon-nucleon interactions and hyperon-hyperon interactions is at the heart of thisissue. At the same time, QCD predicts other high density many-body effects that may be observed inchanges of hadron masses and interactions inside nuclei. At the last IAC meeting with the significant
improvements in beam power and duty factor, the hadron program was poised to move into the kaon
physics era. The Hadron Hall accident brought this to a halt and has delayed the program by perhaps 18
months. Obviously re-establishing safe and reliable operations in the Hadron Hall is the priority fornow. This delay and the significantly increased requirement for dedicated COMET running make thepressure on beam time even more intense. This pressure is shared by the particle physics experiments in
the Hadron Hall.
The MR program includes a number of exciting opportunities requiring large commitment of dedicatedbeam operation. A careful programming of the beam time will be required as recognized by the IPNS
PAC.
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Therefore we want to reemphasize our recommendation of the 2013 meeting:

Recommendation #5
We recommend that J-PARC, IPNS/KEK and the Hadron Hall user community together examine the slow
extraction program, trying to optimize the physics results in light of current and expected future
conditions and clearly define with the users what they can realistically expect over the next 5 years.
MATERIAL AND LIFE SCIENCES FACILITY(MLF)
Neutron Scattering Facility:
The MLF neutron facility is now transitioning from its construction and commissioning phase to being a
productive and impressive user facility. 18 beamlines are now instrumented, and a further three underconstruction, resulting in an impressive and diverse portfolio with the potential to deliver both capacity
and capability for its user community. Operating MLF at 300 kW is more than enough to deliver worldclass science; the planned development to 1 MW -anticipated for 2015 - will give capacity to absorb the
anticipated growth in user demand from an ever broadening Japanese Materials and Life Science
community.
Inevitably, output in refereed scientific journals is a lagging metric, but will develop in time. The
committee was impressed to see articles published in Science and Nature-group journals from MLF, as
well as several magazine covers. We found the research in Li-ion battery materials particularly exciting,along with work on the strength of the main superconducting cable for the ITER fusion reactor.
J-PARC is already a powerful neutron source for condensed-matter science. Focus now needs to beturned to evolving it into a leading user facility supporting a diverse and growing Japanese science base.
The IAC applauds the funding of a User Research Building as an important step towards realising thisgoal. It also applauds the funding of the radioactive storage facility for J-PARC waste.
Recommendation # 6
As a tool to make strategic decisions regarding the optimal scientific exploitation of the MLF instruments,
the IAC again recommends that highlights together with statistics of publications of the MLF bebenchmarked against those of its peer-institutions like ILL, SNS, ISIS, etc. In this context the IAC also
recommends MLF and CROSS collaborate to establish a scheme to seek for scientific advice from thewider scientific community to identify truly pioneering research targets.
MUSE
The committee is impressed with the recent developments of the MUSE facility. A major milestone has
been reached with the near completion of the USM beamline, and we look forward to hear news of thefirst slow muon to exit U1A. We are pleased to hear about the progress of the S1 line and the two new
spectrometers.
Significant progress has been reported about the U-line, specifically the installation of a state-of-the-art
laser system. The U-line is at a critical stage nearing completion, where resources should not be diverted
at the risk of slowing down current progress; especially because of the lengthy commissioning stage
ahead.
Recommendation #7
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The committee still considers the U-line to be the highest priority beamline at MUSE, as the pulsed ultra
slow muon beam will be a unique facility worldwide that will attract international users.
The committee considers the progress at the S1-line (including the electrostatic kicker and a newspectrometer) to be a positive development, which is going to help alleviate some of the user demand
for muon beam time and immediately increase the scientific output of the MUSE facility.
The scientific urgency of the three proposed long-term projects for the H-line requires that the H-line
receive adequate funding to complete construction (all experiments have made significant progress intheir preparation and in establishing strong international collaborations).
Recommendation #8
The committee supports the current plan to develop the H-line ahead of construction of the S2-S4 lines
which should be commensurate with the growing demands of the muSR user community. The
development of the S-line in 2014 should concentrate fully on completing the S1 station.
The scarce amount of beam time available at MUSE has been well used, supplemented by access toother muon facilities outside of Japan. A good level of scientific productivity has been maintained, withsome notable high-profile publications. The diversity of scientific activities is impressive, with a good mixof problems in fundamental and applied research being addressed ranging from spin-orbit couplingstudies in spinels, through shallow donor levels associated with hydrogen impurities in ferro-electric
insulators to the determination of Li- and Na- diffusion in solid electrolytes.
We are encouraged to learn that there is now a mechanism for hiring much needed research associates
which will help to alleviate the serious manpower shortage associated with the development of MUSE.
NUCLEAR TRANSMUTATION
The presentations from Dr. H. Oigawa and Dr. T. Sasa gave a survey of the recent development both
strategic and technical regarding the Accelerator Driven System (ADS) program at JAEA.
From the strategic point of view, Dr. H. Oigawa reported of the work completed by the Working Party of
MEXT to Review Partitioning and Transmutation (P&T) Technology. This Working Party was set under
the Nuclear Energy Science and Technology Committee of MEXT and delivered its preliminary report inNovember 2013 giving a global strategy for P&T development & deployment. The reviewing covered all
aspects namely:
1. Nuclear power plants spent fuel reprocessing including minor actinides (MA) partitioning,
2. Dedicated MA fuel fabrication for transmutation,
3. Design of dedicated MA burners from Heavy Liquid Metal (HLM) cooled sub-critical Accelerator
Driven System (ADS),
4. Dedicated reprocessing technology for MA transmutation fuels based on pyroreprocessing.
Coming to the P&T and ADS development, the Working Party recommended:• To further develop the ADS Target Test Facility (TEF-T) under J-PARC to verify the feasibility of thebeam window which is a big challenge for ADS and to consider it as a material test facility,• To further develop the Transmutation Physics Experimental Facility (TEF-P) under J-PARC toovercome difficulties in reactor physics issues such as for a subcritical core and a MA-loaded one,
• To consider a participation of Japan in the MYRRHA Program, as the intermediate step between the
TEF-T/TEF-P stages and the ADS industrial transmuter. The Working party indicates that it is15•

appropriate to proceed with negotiation about JAEA’s participation at a reasonable level andmutual collaboration with Belgium and other relevant countries.
Last but not least the evaluation of technical readiness levels of the technical fields (partitioning,
ADS, fuel cycle, and MA fuel fabrication and reprocessing) showed that the technology isapproximately at the stage to move up R&D from “conceptual study and lab-scale” to “principle
demonstration”, and it is appropriate to shift the R&D to the next stage of engineering scale.

From the technical point of view Dr. T. Sasa reported briefly on the progress in the design of TEF-T
facility specifically on the aspect of target coupling and decoupling to the accelerator beamline and on
the remote handling device for target extraction. He reported more thoroughly of the technologicaldevelopment on HLM technology in particular regarding instrumentation (oxygen-meters, HLM flowmeters, HLM level-meters, and pressure gauges). He also pointed out the implementation of the IAC
2013 recommendations concerning the internationalisation of TEF-T.
The IAC acknowledge the following facts:• The global strategy on P&T and ADS development recommended by the Working Party of MEXT to
Review Partitioning and Transmutation (P&T) Technology is rational and sound, in particular thedecision to move from lab-scale demonstration towards “Engineering level prototyping”,• The internationalisation of the project has been started and should be expanded through crossparticipation and exchange of experts and teams with other organisation active in the field of P&T
and ADS development,• The designs of TEF-P and TEF-T facilities look promising but the IAC members can’t judge on theirtechnical value based on the short presentation they were exposed to.
Based on these findings, the IAC would propose the following recommendations:
Recommendation #9
The TEF-T and TEF-P designs and their safety approach should be submitted to an International
reviewing panel.
Recommendation #10
The Users group for the TEF-T facility should be consulted to assess more specific demands on
irradiation conditions in order to define the characteristics of the facility accordingly.
Recommendation #11
The upgrading the Technological complex of the HLM at Tokai laboratories should be conducted insynergy with other laboratories in the world active in this field to avoid duplication leading to saving
money.
Recommendation #12
Safety rules and management to be applied for the ADS facilities in J-PARC need to be carefully
developed in agreement with nuclear facilities regulation.
Recommendation #13
Personnel and expertise available at J-PARC (for ex-targetry) or at JAEA (Monju) should now be engaged
in the ADS programme.
User support and internationalization
Several major capital investments are being made to improve the user experience at J-PARC. KEK isdoubling the number of rooms available in the dormitory complex. These should be available by the fall2014 and will alleviate a chronic shortage of convenient and affordable housing close to the laboratory .
16

In parallel JAEA has funded a new user office building to be built onsite near the MLF facility, with offices,cafeteria and meetings room for the increasing user community. On a slightly longer timescale a newaccess will be provided separating J-PARC access from that for JAEA employees. This should allow for
secure but not-so-stringent controls at the gate to J-PARC.
The international office continues to program regular lectures and seminars for resident researchers
across the disciplines and is planning for the 2nd International Symposium on Science at J-PARC (J-PARC
2014) to be held in Tsukuba on July 12-15, 2014. This major event will provide an opportunity to review
the accomplishments and prospects of J-PARC’s science portfolio.
The IAC commends the laboratory for maintaining this effort as a priority even in the tense recovery
period following last year’s accident in the Hadron Hall. In the end the success of the internationalizationof J-PARC is intimately related to the performance of the accelerators, the quality and reliability of thebeam delivery, the excellence of the instruments and ease of access.

17CONCLUSIONS
J-PARC management faced a critical situation after the Hadron Hall radiation incident of May 2013. The
IAC noted that a strong leadership and a rallying of the troops behind management allowed for a
resolution of the technical and safety related issues to the satisfaction of the regulatory authorities
within the calendar year. A new emphasis on safety issues will be an overall priority of management toguarantee a safe delivery of high power beams to the user community. This should not be seen as an
added burden but as a more efficient and more professional way of delivering top science.
In a difficult year, J-PARC management and staff should also be congratulated for restoring 300kW beam
operation in the MLF after the major success with the LINAC energy upgrade project and therealignment of the RCS. This was one of the milestones for operating the MLF at the MW power level inthe future and the initial operation confirmed the significant improvement in beam losses which willallow higher currents once the new ion source and new RFQ are installed next summer.
The Hadron Hall (and neutrino program) suffered a long shutdown to resolve the technical problems inthe Hadron Hall target area which crippled several key programs. Several key experiments in the Hadron
Hall, which were ready for data taking last spring, have been delayed by one year or more. A significant
crunch is looming in the hall due to upcoming new facilities like COMET and the new high momentum
beamline installations. A careful planning of the experimental program must be done to optimize
physics outputs.
Programs like T2K are producing world-class results and depend for their long-term future on theplanned intensity upgrade of the MR which is now on the critical path to meet the advertized intensity
ramp up schedule.
On the ADS front, JAEA has increased its commitment to developing two test facilities TEF-T and TEF-P.
TEF-T is seen as being a complementary materials testing facility to other international facilities and a
MOU of collaboration with MYHRRA has been signed to formalize the sharing of such opportunities.
The IAC is convinced that the J-PARC laboratory is responding to its challenges in a professional mannerand that given the proper resources, it can continue to attract large national and international user
communities so that it will deliver top science and societal benefits on competitive basis with its peers.

18Appendix I
Agenda for the International Advisory Committee Meeting of J-PARC in 2014
Date: March 10 (Mon) and 11 (Tue), 2014
Place: IQBRCMarch 10 (Mon)
Executive Session (closed)
8:45 - 9:00
Charge to the Committee
Opening
9:00 - 9:35
Report from the Director
9:35 - 10:05 Safety at J-PARC
Accelerator
10:05 - 10:35 Progress and Prospects
10:35 - 11:05 A-TAC View of Accelerator Activities
11:05 - 11:15 Coffee
Particle and Nuclear Physics I
11:15 - 11:40 Overview of Particle and Nuclear Physics Division
11:40 - 12:10 Neutrino Physics at J-PARC
12:10 - 13:10 Lunch
Particle and Nuclear Physics II
13:10 - 13:40 Hadron Physics at J-PARC
13:40 - 14:10 Muon Particle Physics at J-PARC
14:10 - 14:25 PAC report & View from IPNS
Material and Life Science
14:25 - 14:55 Overview of MLF Division
14:55 - 15:35 Neutron Science at MLF
15:35 - 16:05 Muon Science at MLF
Views from Funding Agency and Host Institutes I
16:05 - 16:30 J-PARC: A View from MEXT
16:30 - 16:55 KEK and J-PARC
16:55 - 17:05 Coffee
Executive Session (closed)
17:05 - 18:00 Review and Discussion IAC Members
Banquet18:00 - 20:00 Banquet

Yujiro IKEDA
Yujiro IKEDA
Mamoru BABA
Tadashi KOSEKI
Thomas ROSER

Takashi KOBAYASHI
Chang Kee JUNG

Takeshi KOMATSUBARA
Satoshi MIHARA
Katsuo TOKUSHUKU
Masa ARAI
Takashi KAMIYAMA
Ryosuke KADONO
Katsuyuki KUDO
Atsuto SUZUKIMarch 11 (Tue)Views from Funding Agency and Host Institutes II
9:00 - 9:25 JAEA and J-PARC
Accelerator Driven Transmutation Research
9:25 -10:05 ADS Project

Hideki NAMBA
Hiroyuki OIGAWA,
Toshinobu SASA

Executive Session (closed)
10:05 -11:55 Review and Discussion, Drafting of Recommendations IAC Members
Close out
11:55 - 12:25 Recommendations
Jean-Michel POUTISSOU
12:25 - 13:45 Lunch
14:00 - 17:00 Site Tour

19

Appendix II
IAC Committee members for 2014

1

Name
Jean-Michel
Poutissou(chair)

Affiliation
TRIUMF

2
3

Hiroshi Amitsuka
Thomas Roser

Hokkaido University
Brookhaven National Laboratory

4

Fu Shinian

Institute of High Energy Physics

5

Sergio Bertolucci

the European Organization for Nuclear
Research(CERN)

6Robert Tschirhart

Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory

7

Hugh Montgomery

Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility

8

Donald F. Geesaman

Argonne National Laboratory

9

Horst Stoecker

10

Hajimu Yamana

GSI Helmholtzzentrum für
Schwerionenforschung GmbH
Kyoto University

11
12

Hamid Aït Abderrahim
Kelly J. Beierschmitt

13
14

Hidetoshi Fukuyama
Robert Robinson

15

Andrew Dawson
TaylorPosition
Associate Director &NuclearMedicine Division
Heademeritus
Professor
Chair of the Collider-Accelerator
Department
Deputy director,
AcceleratorCenter
Director of Research andScientific
Computing
Associate Head,
ScientificComputing Division
Director
Distinguished
ArgonneFellow/former Director of
thePhysics Division
Scientific Director

Field
Muon

ACC

ParticleParticle/NuclNucl

Professor

ADS

SCK•CENOak Ridge National Laboratory

Deputy Director-General
Associate Laboratory Directorfor
Neutron Sciences

NeutronTokyo University of Science
Australian Nuclear Science and Technology
Organisation
Science and TechnologyFacilities Council

Vice President
Head, Bragg InstituteExecutive Director,
NationalLaboratories

N.B. Dr Beierschmitt could not attend

20Appendix III
Charges to IAC2014 from J-PARC
Yujiro Ikeda
In light of the mission of J-PARC to maximize science output, we like to receive your advice on:
•
•
•
•
•
•
•

Science production aspects
Neutron, Muon, Hadron, Neutrino, ADSManagement performance for J-PARC operation
BudgetOrganization
Adequacy of the power up scheme and schedule for MW
Adequacy of user support, user environments in terms of accommodation, access, etc.
Public relation and outreach activities, Internationalization.

21