一般財団法人

海外産業人材育成協会

編著

一般財団法人 海外産業人材育成協会（AOTS）

執筆者一覧（五十音順・敬称略）
澤

田

幸

子

中

村

倫

子

牧

野

昭

子

矢

谷

久美子

渡

部

真由美

イラストレーション
田

添

公

基

専門日本語入門

場面から学ぶ介護の日本語【翻訳ノート 英語版】

2011年１月17日
編

著

者

初版第１刷発行
一般財団法人 海外産業人材育成協会（AOTS）〒120-8534 東京都足立区千住東1-30-1
電話

03-3888-8211

https://www.aots.jp/
発行

株式会社 凡人社〒102-0093 東京都千代田区平河町1-3-13
電話

03-3263-3959

http://www.bonjinsha.com/©2011 The Association for Overseas Technical Cooperation and Sustainable Partnerships (AOTS)
本書の一部あるいは全部について、著作者から文書による承諾を得ずに、いかなる方法においても、無断で転載・複写・複製することは法律で固く禁じられています。

CONTENTS

PART Ⅰ

Translation：
Essential vocabulary Lesson 1 ～ 20………………………… 1

PART ⅡTranslation：Lesson 1 ～ 20… …………………………… 40
Ⅰ

Before learning

Ⅱ

Conversations

Ⅲ

Role playing

Ⅳ

Summarize the conversations

PART Ⅰ
Translation：Essential vocabulary

第１課
起床〔する〕

きしょう

wake-up

利用者

りようしゃ

睡眠

すいみん

resident,care service user
sleep

学習の前に

「睡眠」に関する言葉～に関する～にかんする

起き上がる

おきあがる

起こす

おこす

目を覚ます

めをさます

目が覚める

めがさめる

目覚める

めざめる

眠る

ねむる

寝坊する

ねぼうする

昼寝〔する〕

ひるね

居眠り〔する〕いねむり

睡眠（～を取る）

すいみん（～をとる）

寝不足

ねぶそく

夢をみる

ゆめをみる

目がさえる

めがさえる

寝つけない

ねつけない

寝つきがいい / 悪い

ねつきがいい / わるい

眠りが深い / 浅い

ねむりがふかい / あさいぐっすり眠る

ぐっすりねむる

うとうとする
寝言を言う

ねごとをいういびきをかくconcerning ...
get upwake upawake
awakenarise from sleep
sleep
wake up latenap
catnapsleep（get some ... ）poor sleep
dream
become wide awake
have a hard time falling
asleepfall asleep easily/have trouble
falling asleep
deep sleep/light sleep
sleep welldoze
talk in one s sleep
snore

会話
夜中

よなか

困難な

こんなんな

久しぶりに

ひさしぶりに

布団

ふとん

心配な

しんぱいな

night, midnight
diﬃcult
after a long time
bedclothes
bothering, worrying

2

阪神

はんしん

試合

しあい

勝つ

かつ

一人で

ひとりで

職員

しょくいん

Hanshin (a professional
baseball team in Hyogo
Prefecture)game
win
by yourself
staﬀ
what
order
calling out
physical condition
check

どのような
順序

じゅんじょ

声かけ

こえかけ

体調

たいちょう

確認する

かくにんする

会話の練習
繰り返す

くりかえす

表現する

ひょうげんする

下線

かせん

話題

わだい

相撲

すもう

詳しい

くわしい

（相撲に～）（すもうに～）

看護師

かんごし

気がかりな

きがかりな

repeatexpress
underline
topic
sumo wrestling
be familiar(... with sumo wrestling)nurse
anxious

ロールプレイ（60）代（60）だい（起床）時（きしょう）じ介助〔する〕

かいじょ

曇る

くもる

in his/her (60)s
at the time of (waking-up)
assistancebe cloudy

会話をまとめる
みんなで
昨晩

さくばん

前の晩

まえのばん

換気〔する〕

かんき

行う

おこなう

前日

ぜんじつ

話をする

はなしをする終える

おえる

togetherlast night
the night before
ventilationdothe day before
talkfinish3

表現の練習
肩

かた

声をかける

こえをかける

介護〔する〕

かいご

国際

こくさい

首相

しゅしょう

記事

きじ

shouldermassagecall out
careinternational
prime minister
articleじょうほう

information

マッサージする

書く練習
情報

4

第２課
体温

たいおん

測定する

そくていする

body temperaturetake, measure

しせつ

care facility

平熱

へいねつ

微熱

びねつ

高熱

こうねつ

（37）度（2）分（37）ど（2）ぶ（37 度）台（37 ど）だい

体温計

たいおんけいはさむ（体温計を～）はさむ（たいおんけいを～）（風邪）気味（かぜ）ぎみ腰こしnormal temperatureslight fever
high fever(37.2) degrees Celsius
in the（37）-degree range
thermometer
place（... a thermometer）
have a slight (cold)
lower backsluggishfeverish

学習の前に施設「体温測定」に関する言葉

だるい
熱っぽい

ねつっぽい

会話
具合

ぐあい

汗をかく

あせをかく

湯たんぽ

ゆたんぽ

ここ一週間

ここいっしゅうかん

冷え込む

ひえこむ

（体温を測る）際（たいおんをはかる）さい

申し出る

もうしでる

condition
sweat
hot-water bottle
the past one week
get coldwhen (taking someone's
temperature)oﬀer

ロールプレイ
対応する

たいおうする食欲

しょくよく

respondappetite5会話をまとめる
わきの下

わきのした

気温

きおん

変化〔する〕

へんか

静養する

せいようする

under one’s arm
air temperaturechangerest

表現の練習
クリスマス会

クリスマスかい

不自由な

ふじゆうな

車いす

くるまいす

使用する

しようする

自由な

じゆうな

動かす

うごかす

Christmas party
disabled
wheelchair
use
free
move

Explanation of expression～ため（に）、～V  普通形
A  ふ つうけい
普通形（～だ → ～な）Na
ふ つうけい普通形（～だ → ～の）N
ふ つうけい︱︱︱ ため（に）、～︱︱︱The phrase that comes before ため represents a cause and what comes after it is the eﬀect. Although
the eﬀect can be positive or negative, it is more likely to be a negative one. These sentences cannot
be ended with an expression that represents the speaker’s intention, and are often used in written
Japanese, for example expository writing such as news articles.
①

石油の値段が上がったため、ガソリンやその他の品物の値段も上がった。
せきゆ

ねだん

あ

た

しなもの

ねだん

あ

As oil prices have soared, prices of gasoline and other products have also surged.
②

大雪のために、新幹線が１時間近く遅れています。
おおゆき

しんかんせん

じ か ん ちかおくThe Shinkansen is running almost one hour late due to heavy snow.

6第３課
整容〔する〕

せいよう

grooming

身だしなみ

みだしなみ

整える
（身だしなみを～）ととのえる（みだしなみを～）とかす（髪を～）とかす（かみを～）

appearance
groom
comb (... hair)

学習の前に「整容」に関する言葉
結ぶ

むすぶ

まとめる（髪を～）まとめる（かみを～）まとまる（髪が～）まとまる（かみが～）ブラッシング〔する〕
乾かす

かわかす

かける
（ドライヤーを～）そる（ひげを～）洗顔〔する〕

せんがん

整髪〔する〕

せいはつ

化粧〔する〕

けしょう

さっぱり〔する〕
くし
ヘアブラシ
ドライヤー
ひげ
ひげそり
爪切り

つめきり

髪型 / ヘアスタイル

かみがた / ヘアスタイル

服装

ふくそう

鏡

かがみ

7

tie
tidy (... hair)
be well set (hair ... ）brushingdryuse (... a dryer)
shave (... the face)
face washinghair styling
makeuprefreshingcomb
hair brushhair dryer
beard
shavernail clippers
hairstyleclothesmirror

会話
軽度の

けいどの

認知症

にんちしょう

自力で

じりきで

（起床）後

（きしょう）ご

mild, slightdementia
by oneself
after (getting up)
basketrubber bandfor some reason
beauty salon
shampoo

かご
ゴム
何だか

なんだか

美容院

びよういん

シャンプーする

会話の練習
前髪

まえがみ

留める

とめる

bangs, fringepinhairpinrehabilitation
exercisebarrette, hair slide
empathyshow
patbecome younger
suggestBon festival dance

ヘアピン
リハビリ
体操〔する〕

たいそう

髪留め

かみどめ

共感〔する〕

きょうかん

示す

しめす

たたく
若返る

わかがえる

勧める

すすめる

盆踊り

ぼんおどり

ロールプレイ
いつもの洗面台

せんめんだい思い出話

おもいでばなし

usual
washbasin
memories

会話をまとめる
満足する

まんぞくする

気に入る

きにいる

移動する

いどうする

be satisfied
like
move

表現の練習
昨年

さくねん

左右

さゆう

last year
right and left

8

Explanation of expression
～際（に）
、～

V 
︱
 普通形
︱
A  ふ つうけい
 際に／は／には、～普通形（だ→～な） ︱ さいNa
ふ つうけい普通形（だ→の） ︱N
ふ つうけい～ 際（ に ）is synonymous with ～ 時 It is a proactive expression used when the speaker does
さいときsomething at the right time or does something else by taking advantage of the opportunity. It isalways followed by something which the speaker does on purpose; it sounds unnatural when it isfollowed by something that occurs independently of the speaker’s intention, such as a happenstanceor a natural phenomenon. The expression is more formal than ～時．
とき①

国へ帰る際に、お世話になった人にあいさつに行こうと思っている。

くに

かえ

さい

せ

わ

ひと

い

おも

I am thinking of calling on those who have helped me to say thank you to them before leaving for myhome country.
② 今度東京へ行った際には、是非、木村先生にお目にかかりたい。
こ ん ど とうきょう

い

さい

ぜ

ひ

きむらせんせいめ

I definitely want to see Mr. Kimura when I go to Tokyo next time.
③ 御用の際は、９番にお電話ください。
ごよう

さい

ばん

でんわ

If you need anything, please call No. 9.

9

第４課
口腔

こうくう

mouth, oralcare（お）年寄り（お）としより

歯磨き

はみがき

入れ歯

いれば

手入れ〔する〕

ていれ

歯医者

はいしゃ

治療〔する〕

ちりょう

elderly person
brushing teeth
denturescare
dentisttreatment

ケア

学習の前に

「口腔ケア」に関する言葉
磨く（歯を～）

みがく（はを～）すすぐ（口を～）すすぐ（くちを～）

うがい
歯ブラシ

はブラシ

歯磨き粉

はみがきこ

歯科

しか

前歯

まえば

奥歯

おくば

歯茎

はぐき

しみる（歯に～）しみる（はに～）ぐらぐらする（歯が～）ぐらぐらする
（はが～）

虫歯

むしば

brush (... one’s teeth)rinse (... one’s mouth)
gargletoothbrush
toothpaste
dentistfront teeth
back teeth
gum
smart (a tooth ...)
be loose (a tooth ...)
cavity

会話
麻痺〔する〕

まひ

五分咲き

ごぶざき

（来週）あたり（らいしゅう）あたり

見ごろ

みごろ

金具

かなぐ

当たる（歯茎に～）あたる（はぐきに～）

感じ

かんじ

雑談する

ざつだんする10

paralysis
blooming halfway
around (next week)at the peak, the best season
metal fitting
touch (... the gum)feel
have a chat

会話の練習
ふけ
画面

がめん

話題にする

わだいにする

dandruﬀ
screentalk about

会話をまとめる
引き続き

ひきつづき

見守り

みまもり

continuously
watching

表現の練習
面会〔する〕

めんかい

要望〔する〕

ようぼう

visit, seedemand11

第５課
歩行〔する〕

ほこう

walking

つえ

cane

出す（右足を～）だす（みぎあしを～）足をそろえる

あしをそろえる段差

だんさ

ぶつける（足を～）ぶつける（あしを～）

滑る

すべる

つまずく（段差に～）つまずく（だんさに～）

手を引く

てをひく

手をつなぐ

てをつなぐ

手すり

てすり

つかむ（手すりを～）つかむ（てすりを～）つかまる（手すりに～）

つかまる（てすりに～）

put out (... the right foot)put feet together
stephit (... the leg)slip
stumble (... on the step)
take someone by the hand
hold hands
handrailgrab (... the handrail)
hold onto (... the handrail)

つく（杖を～）

つく（つえを～）use (... a cane)

クモ膜下出血クモまくかしゅっけつ

左片麻痺

ひだりかたまひ

距離

きょり

積極的な

せっきょくてきな

subarachnoid hemorrhage
left hemiplegia
distance
be willing tosnackloungesupportstand upoops
That’s the way to go.
get stuckin ... order（2）steps(great) favorite
ourgarden

学習の前に杖「歩行」に関する言葉

会話

おやつ
談話室

だんわしつ

支える

ささえる

立ち上がる

たちあがる

おっとっと
その調子ですそのちょうしです

引っかかる

ひっかかる

～（の）順に～（の）じゅんに

（２）段

（２）だん

（大）好物

（だい）こうぶつ

うちの
畑

はたけ

12

促す

うながす

与える

あたえる

urge
give

会話の練習
励ます

はげます

適切な

てきせつな

訪ねる

たずねる

encourage
appropriate
visit

ロールプレイひまわり

sunflower

表現の練習
議題

ぎだい

変更〔する〕

へんこう

取り上げる

とりあげる

高齢化（社会）

こうれいか（しゃかい）

増やす

ふやす

館長

かんちょう

目標

もくひょう

減らす

へらす

subjectchangetake upaging (society)increase
director
targetdecrease

Explanation of expression～ものだ［V －た形］ものだ
けいThis expression is used when the speaker fondly remembers what he/she used to do regularly.
①

夏休みは海でよく泳いだものです。
なつやす

うみ

およ

I would often swim in the sea during summer vacation.
②

子供のころは勉強が嫌いで、よく先生にしかられたものだ。
こども

べんきょう

きら

せんせい

As a child I did not like studying, and was often scolded by my teachers.

13

第６課
移乗〔する〕

いじょう

transfer

引く

ひく

腰掛ける
（ベッドに～）

こしかける（ベッドに～）

回す（肩に手を～）まわす（かたにてを～）

pull
sit on (... a bed)put (... one’s arm aroundsomeone’s shoulder)
handleseatfoot restarm rest
brake
put on (... the brake)
grasp (... the handle)「車いす」に関する言葉

ハンドル
シート
フットレスト
アームレストブレーキ
かける（ブレーキを～）握る（ハンドルを～）にぎる（ハンドルを～）会話
骨粗しょう症

こつそしょうしょう

腰痛

ようつう

不安定な

ふあんていな浅い

あさい

１，２の３！
深い

ふかい

かがむ
ひざ掛け

ひざかけ

ブレーキを外す

ブレーキをはずす

床

ゆか

端

はし

osteoporosis
lower back pain
unsteady
toward the front
One, two and three!
back, deeplean
lap blanket
release the brake
floor
edge

ロールプレイ
告げる

つげる

脳出血

のうしゅっけつ

支え

ささえ
せわをする

tell
cerebral hemorrhage
supportcosmostake care of

まえかがみになる

lean forward

コスモス
世話をする

会話をまとめる
前かがみになる

14第７課
排泄〔する〕

はいせつ

excretion

便が出る

べんがでる

排尿〔する〕

はいにょう

排便〔する〕

はいべん

have bowel movements
urination
bowel movement
crouch down
resistgo to the toilet
run (... water)run down (water ...)
wet
pee
urine
piss
feces
portable toilet
toilet bowl
constipation
diarrhea
go to the toilet frequently「排泄」に関する言葉

しゃがむ
我慢する

がまんする

トイレを済ませる

トイレをすませる

流す（水を～）

ながす（みずを～）流れる（水が～）ながれる（みずが～）

ぬらす
おしっこ
尿

にょう

小便

しょうべん

大便

だいべん

ポータブルトイレ
便器

べんき

便秘

べんぴ

下痢

げり

トイレが近いトイレがちかい会話（夜間）のみ（やかん）のみ

（ご）用

（ご）よう

踏ん張る

ふんばる

下ろす（ズボンを～）おろす（ズボンを～）

ひざ
向き

むき

おっと

(during night time) only
anything one can help
stand firm
pull down (... one’s pants)kneeposition
oops

会話の練習
動作

どうさ

指示する

しじする

movement
indicate

15

ロールプレイ
ナースコール
鳴る

なる

数（日）

すう（じつ）

ここ数日

ここすうじつnurse callring
few (days)
past few days
call button

コールボタン

表現の練習
後片づけ

あとかたづけ介護士

かいごしcleanupcare worker
challenge
feel
be gladstudy abroad
cream
skin
get moist

やりがい
感じる

かんじる

喜ぶ

よろこぶ

留学する

りゅうがくする

クリーム
肌

はだ

しっとりする16

第８課「食事」に関する言葉
口に合う / 合わない

くちにあう / あわない

済ます（食事を～）すます（しょくじを～）下げる（食器を～）さげる（しょっきを～）冷める（みそ汁が～）さめる（みそしるが～）冷ます（みそ汁を～）さます（みそしるを～）

食事をとる

しょくじをとる

（お）昼

（お）ひる

おかず
ホルダー
エプロン
お手拭き

おてふき

suit/not suit one’s taste
finish (... eating）
put away (... dishes)cool down (miso soup ...)
cool (... miso soup)
eat
lunch
side dishholderbib, apron
hand towel

会話
脳梗塞のうこうそく

右利き

みぎきき

ちらし寿司

ちらしずし

（お）みそ汁（お）みそしる

cerebral infarction
right-handedchirashi-zushi
miso soup

会話の練習
表す

あらわす

暮らし

くらし

express
living

ロールプレイ（食欲が）出る（しょくよくが）でる

肉じゃが

にくじゃが

(appetite) increases
nikujaga (simmered meatand potatoes)

あつかう

use

会話をまとめる扱う

17

Explanation of expression
～ものね
［

文

ぶん

］ものね

This expression is used when the speaker wants to show that he/she fully understands why
something has happened, in response to someone’s remark or situation. If the speaker replaces ものwith もん it becomes a more casual form, which is often heard in informal conversations.
①

位になりました。
A: ピアノのコンテストで一
いちい
A: I won first place in the piano contest!
生懸命練習していましたものね。
B: そうですか。一
いっしょうけんめいれんしゅう
B: No wonder. You’ve been practicing so hard.

②

月の終わりに閉店するんだって。
A: あのレストラン、今
こんげつ
お
へいてん
A: I hear the restaurant is going to close at the end of this month.
B: そう。あまりおいしくなかったもんね。
B: No wonder. Their food is not very good after all.

18

第９課
服薬〔する〕

ふくやく

taking medication

けいじょう

type
ever

服用する

ふくようする

飲み込む

のみこむ

目薬

めぐすり

（目薬を）さす（めぐすりを）さす

飲み薬

のみぐすり

塗り薬

ぬりぐすり

粉薬

こなぐすり

解熱剤

げねつざい

風邪薬

かぜぐすり

座薬

ざやく

dose
swallow
eye-drops
apply (eye-drops)
oral medicine
ointment
powdered medicine
antipyretic agent
cold medication
suppository
oblate(1) pack / (2) packs

学習の前に
形状
これまでに

「服薬」に関する言葉

オブラート（１）包 /（２）包（１）ぽう /（２）ほう

会話
はりつく
舌

stick
tongueat a time
hate
until then

した

いっぺんに
苦手な

にがてな

それまで

会話の練習
生

なま

はだし
（上）半身

（じょう）はんしん

硬くなる（身体が～）かたくなる（からだが～）

皮膚

ひふ

かぶれる
足元

あしもと

不満な

ふまんな

19

raw
bare feet(upper) body
become tight (the body ...)
skin
have a rash
feet
be dissatisfied

家事

かじ

同じような

おなじような

好き嫌い

すききらい

household aﬀairs
similarlikes and dislikes

かく～... each

ロールプレイ各～

Explanation of expression
～まま、〜

V －た形
けい
Nの


 まま、～
The word まま is used to refer to a situation that remains the same without any change.
①

あのカレンダーは先月のままだ。
せんげつ

That calendar is still opened to last month.

The expression V- たまま is used to mean that the result of the action (V) continues. Sentences with
V- た ま ま are often ended with an expression that shows disappointment or a prohibition, like ～てしまった , ～ないでください , or ～てはいけません . These expressions suggest that the situation
described in the former part is inappropriate for that in the latter part.
②

立ったまま、御飯を食べてはいけません。
た

ごはん

た

You should not eat while standing.
③

ストーブをつけたまま、出かけてしまった。
でI went out with the stove on (carelessly).

20

第 10 課衣服

いふく

着脱〔する〕

ちゃくだつ

clothestaking oﬀ and putting on

きせる

dress

留める（ボタンを～）とめる（ボタンを～）広げる（襟を～）ひろげる（えりを～）

fasten (... a button)
straighten (... the collar)
tight
loose
pullover top
front open top
belt
zipperpajamasnightwear
collarsleeves
short sleeves
long sleeves

学習の前に
着せる

「着脱」に関する言葉

きつい
緩い

ゆるい

かぶりの上着かぶりのうわぎ

前開きの上着まえびらきのうわぎ

ベルト
ファスナー
パジャマ
寝巻き

ねまき

襟

えり

袖

そで

半袖

はんそで

長袖

ながそで

会話
状態

じょうたい

外出着

がいしゅつぎ通す（手を袖に）とおす（てをそでに～）

手順

てじゅん

condition
outdoor clothes, street
clothes, townwear
put (... one’s arm through thesleeve)procedure

会話の練習
マフラー
孫

まご

編む

あむ

muﬄer
grandchild
knit

21

会話をまとめる
手助けするてだすけする～と（は）反対に～と（は）はんたいに

全身

ぜんしん

22

help
in reverse order to ...
oneself in full length第 11 課
入浴〔する〕にゅうよく

bathing

銭湯

せんとう（銭湯に）入る（せんとうに）はいる

入れる（お風呂に～）いれる（おふろに～）

public bathtake (a public bath)give (... a bath)

学習の前に「入浴」に関する言葉（お湯に～）つかる（おゆに～）つかる（風呂から～）上がる（ふろから～）あがる

こする
洗髪〔する〕

せんぱつ

リンス〔する〕
温める（身体を～）あたためる（からだを～）温まる（身体が～）あたたまる（からだが～）冷やす（身体を～）ひやす（からだを～）（お）風呂場（お）ふろば

浴室

よくしつ

湯加減

ゆかげん

洗面器

せんめんき

脱衣所

だついじょ

ぬるい
ごしごし

have a soak (... in the bath)get out (... of the bath)rub
washing one's hairconditioner
warm (... the body)warm (the body ...)
cool (... the body)bathroombathroomwater temperature
washbowl
dressing room
lukewarm
scrub

会話
高齢

こうれい

不安な

ふあんな

デイサービス
スリッパ
背中

せなか

（力を～）入れる（ちからを～）いれる

水分

すいぶん

old agehaving fear
day service
slippersbackput (... strength)
water

ロールプレイ
しびれ

numbness23

会話の練習
自宅

じたく

home

保険証

ほけんしょう出る（果物が～）でる（くだものが～）

付き添う

つきそう

支払う

しはらう

insurance certificate
be served (fruit ...)
attendpay
properly

表現の練習

ちゃんと

24

第 12 課清拭〔する〕

せいしき

bed bath

あれる

become roughhave a running sore
scratchitchy
itchinessrashsmooth
dry
rough
neck
stomachfinger
heel
nail
hip
navel
lips
chin
calf

「肌の状態」に関する言葉
荒れる
ただれる
かく
かゆい
かゆみ
ぶつぶつ
すべすべ
かさかさ
ざらざら
首

くび

腹

はら

指

ゆび

かかと
爪

つめ

（お）尻

（お）しり

（お）へそ
唇

くちびる

あご
ふくらはぎ

会話
はっきりする自室

じしつ（ベッド）上（ベッド）じょう面

めん

become certain
have rashes
one’s roomon (the bed)
side

ぬりえ

coloring

ふきのこし

unwiped part

ぶつぶつがある

会話の練習
塗り絵

会話をまとめる拭き残し

25

表現の練習氷枕

こおりまくら

ice pillow

26

第 13 課
日常

にちじょう

daily

「リハビリ・体調」に関する言葉力が入る（腕に～）ちからがはいる（うでに～）訓練〔する〕

くんれん

回復〔する〕

かいふく

しびれる
体調を崩す

たいちょうをくずす

顔色がいい / 悪い

かおいろがいい / わるい

顔が青い

かおがあおい苦しい

くるしい

put strength (... in one’s arm)training
recoveryhave numbness
lose one’s healthhave a healthy/sickly
complexion
pale
sick

会話
ボール
編み物

ball
knitting
skirt
sew
handmadeput one’s heart in

あみもの

スカート
縫う

ぬう

手作り

てづくり

心がこもる

こころがこもる

会話の練習
興味深い

きょうみぶかい

俳句

はいく

四季

しき

山歩き

やまあるき

interestinghaiku
the four seasons
mountain-walking
refreshing

さわやかな会話をまとめる
母親

ははおや

mother

時間ができる

じかんができる

月見団子

つきみだんごhave some time to spare
dumpling oﬀered to the moon
hometown

表現の練習

ふるさと

27

第 14 課レクリエーション

recreation

学習の前に
挙げる

あげる

工夫〔する〕

くふう

name
idea

「計画・相談」に関する言葉検討〔する〕

けんとう

打ち合わせ〔する〕

うちあわせ出す（アイデアを～）だす（アイデアを～）相談にのる

そうだんにのる

リーダー
担当〔する〕

たんとう

務める

つとめる

consideration
making arrangementssuggest (... ideas)
oﬀer consultation
leaderin charge ofact as会話
新人（職員）

しんじん（しょくいん）

前に

まえに

手拍子

てびょうし

new (care worker)
beforebeating time with one’s hands

会話の練習
飾りつけ

かざりつけ

折り紙

おりがみ

decoration
origamiquestionnaire

アンケート

ロールプレイ
スタッフルーム
引き受ける

ひきうける

staﬀ room
acceptあんgeneralplan, idea

会話をまとめる
おおよその
案

28

第 15 課申し送り

もうしおくりhandover

記録〔する〕

きろく

事項

じこう

引継ぎ

ひきつぎ

経過観察

けいかかんさつrecordsubject, item
handoverfollow-up「連絡」に関する言葉

会話
作業療法士

さぎょうりょうほうし

受診〔する〕

じゅしん

外泊するがいはくする

携帯

けいたい

本人

ほんにん

当てる（ガーゼを～）あてる（ガーゼを～）

肌が弱い

はだがよわい入所するにゅうしょする

何回か

なんかいか

清潔な

せいけつな

保つ

たもつ

occupational therapist
consulting a doctor
stay out overnight
mobile phone
the person himself/herself
gauze padcover (... with a gauze pad)have sensitive skinbe admitted
several times
hygienic
keep

りゅうい

attention

しんこう

ガーゼ

会話の練習
留意〔する〕

ロールプレイ
進行
崩れる

くずれる

開始〔する〕

かいし

leadpattern, rhythm
be disturbed
start

みょうちょうtomorrow morning

リズム

会話をまとめる
明朝

29

表現の練習個人的な

こじんてきな

処方する

しょほうする

personalprescribe
nothingheadache

なし
頭痛

ずつう

Explanation of expression
～こと
書形
V辞
じしょけい
ない形
けい


 こと


This expression is used when the speaker gives a direction or an order, just as ～しなさい or ～してはいけない .
It is often used when warnings, cautions, etc. are itemized.
①

問題があった場合は、上司に報告すること。
もんだい

ばあい

じょうし

ほうこく

In the event of a problem, report it to your boss.
②

廊下にものを置かないこと。
ろうかお

Do not leave anything in the corridor.

30

第 16 課
物忘れ

ものわすれ

対応〔する〕

たいおう

forgetfulness
dealing

学習の前に
失敗する

しっぱいする

落ち込む

おちこむ

fail
get depressed「物忘れ」に関する言葉
見当たらないみあたらないbe not foundbe careless
be absent-minded

うっかりする
ぼんやりする会話
もしかしたらしょっちゅう（お）世話をかける（お）せわをかける

perhaps
often
give someone trouble

会話の練習
ソファー
耳が遠い

sofa
hard of hearing
grandpa

みみがとおいおじいちゃん31

第 17 課
間食〔する〕

かんしょく

snacks between meals

夜食

やしょく

味付け

あじつけ

塩辛い

しおからい

味が濃い / 薄い

あじがこい / うすい

塩分

えんぶん

歯ごたえがある / ないはごたえがある / ない

midnight snack
seasoning
salty
strongly/lightly seasoned
salt
tough/tender
candy
cake
cookieCastella sponge cakepudding
rice cracker
Japanese sweets
Western sweets「味・間食」に関する言葉

あめ
ケーキ
クッキー
カステラ
プリン
（お）せんべい
和菓子

わがし

洋菓子

ようがし

会話
（食べる）気がしない（たべる）きがしない

どれもこれも豆腐とうふ

味がはっきりしない

あじがはっきりしない（せんべいに）手が出る（せんべいに）てがでる

しっかりする
それならそれとなく

don’t feel like (eating)all
tofu
too lightly seasoned
tempted to eat（rice crackers）
strongly seasonedthenimplicitly

会話の練習
言い訳をする

いいわけをする

夜更かしするよふかしするexcusestay up latepurposely

見かける

みかける

興味を向ける

きょうみをむける

chorusseeturn one’s attentionわざわざ

ロールプレイコーラス

32

会話をまとめる
通りかかる

とおりかかるpass by33

第 18 課
学習の前に
話し相手

はなしあいて～に対して～にたいして

接する

せっする

同時に

どうじに

someone to talk toto ...
respondat the same time

「居室」に関する言葉
居室

きょしつ

掛け布団

かけぶとん

敷き布団

しきぶとん

毛布

もうふ

シーツ
枕

まくら

枕元

まくらもと

敷く（布団を～）しく（ふとんを～）交換する（シーツを～）

こうかんする（シーツを～）

干す（布団を～）ほす（ふとんを～）たたむ（布団を～）たたむ（ふとんを～）広げる（シーツを～）ひろげる（シーツを～）伸ばす（しわを～）のばす（しわを～）

のぞく

room
comforter
Japanese mattressblanketsheet
pillownear the head of the bed
lay down (... the futon)change (... sheets)
air out (... the futon)
fold (... the futon)
spread (... the sheet)smooth out (... wrinkles)
drop in

会話
起こす（ベッドを～）おこす（ベッドを）よる（しわが～）
笑顔

えがお

すてきな
山登り

やまのぼり

雪景色

ゆきげしき

銀婚式

ぎんこんしきロールプレイ
飾る

かざる

ひと言

ひとこと

raise (... the head of the bed)
leave (... wrinkles)
smile
charming
mountain climbing
snowy landscapesilver wedding anniversary

display, decoratea few words
rub

さする

34

会話をまとめる
訪れる

おとずれる

visit, drop in35

第 19 課
学習の前に
手土産

てみやげ

受け取る

うけとる

gift, present (from visitor)
accept「面会・贈り物」に関する言葉
気持ちをくむきもちをくむ気持ちがこもる

きもちがこもる

悲しむ

かなしむ

気遣い

きづかい

take someone ’ s feelings into
consideration
put one’s heart into
be sadconsideration

会話
立ち寄る

たちよる

お忙しい中

おいそがしいなか

懐かしい

なつかしい

（バレーボール）部（バレーボール）ぶ

キャプテン
大会

たいかい

優勝する

ゆうしょうする

ほんの気持ちほんのきもち私ども

わたくしどもありがたい
頂戴する

ちょうだいする

たいした
ちょくちょくdrop indespite your busy schedulenostalgic(volleyball) club
captainchampionshipwin a championshipjust a small token of
appreciationwe (humble expression)
thankful
acceptsomething special
frequently

会話の練習
表情

ひょうじょうfacial expression

クラシック（おんがく）

classical (music)
violingift

ロールプレイクラシック（音楽）
バイオリン
品

しな

36

会話をまとめる
それでも丁重な

howeverpoliteていちょうな

表現の練習
外出届け

がいしゅつとどけ

面会人

めんかいにん

介護用品

かいごようひん

outing notification
visitornursing care goods
plan

プラン

Explanation of expression～（よ）うとする［V 意向形］とする
い こうけいThis expression is used to mean to try to do something. When it is used together with a time-related
向 形 ） と し た 時 , or 〜（V 意 向 形 ） と し た と こ ろ , it refers to a scene
expression like ～（V 意い こう けいとき
い こう けいimmediately before the action is started. In addition, this expression is often followed by a sentence,向形）としたら , or ～（V 意向形）としても .  
in a form like  ～（V 意い こうけいい こうけい①

店を閉めようとした時、客が店に入ってきた。
みせ

し

とき

きゃく

みせ

はい

A customer entered the shop when I was just about to close up.
②

帰ろうとしたら、先輩にいっしょに食事に行かないかと誘われた。
かえ

せんぱい

しょくじ

い

さそ

I was about to leave when my senior colleague asked me out for dinner.

37

～上で、～
うえ


V た形
けい
 上で、～Nの うえ
で means ～をしたあとで . It is used when the speaker wants to say that he/she
The expression ～た上うえdoes something first and then takes another action based on the first action. Nouns that can be usedin the Ｎの form are those that consist of する Verbs (Group III). The latter part often includes a verb
める (decide), 断 る (refuse), 選 ぶ (choose), etc., which emphasizes theconcerning judgment, e.g. 決きことわえらwillful aspect of the action described in the former part.
①

インターネットで買い物する人もいますが、私は実際に品物を見た上で買うほうが安心だと思
か

います。

もの

ひと

わたし

じっさい

しなもの

み

うえ

か

あんしん

おも

Some people do Internet shopping. But I personally believe that it is safer to shop only after seeing the
product with your own eyes.
②

先生、大学を受験するか、就職するか、両親と相談の上で、来週お返事します。
せんせい

だいがく

じゅけん

しゅうしょく

りょうしん

そうだん

うえ

らいしゅう

へんじ

Sir (Ma’am), I’ll answer you whether I’ll go on to university or look for employment next week, after I
consult with my parents.

38

第 20 課「性格」に関する言葉
性格

せいかく

気が強い / 弱い

きがつよい / よわい

気が長い / 短い

きがながい / みじかい

おとなしい
口数が少ないくちかずがすくない

怒りっぽい

おこりっぽい我慢強い

がまんづよい人見知りをする

ひとみしりをする

神経質な

しんけいしつな

きれい好きな

きれいずきな

せっかちな
消極的な

しょうきょくてきな

わがまま（を言う）

わがまま（をいう）

社交的な

しゃこうてきな

character, personality
strong-hearted/weak-hearted
slow-tempered/short-tempered
quiet
not much of a talker
irritable
patient
be shy of strangers
nervoustidy
hasty
passivebe selfish (act selfishly)sociable

会話
方々

かたがた

individuals
get along wellactivities
sports meet
have timea while ago
find the time

うまくやる
行事

ぎょうじ

運動会

うんどうかい都合がつく

つごうがつく

先ほど

さきほど都合をつける

つごうをつける

会話の練習
とる（不安を～）とる（ふあんを～）仲良くする

なかよくする

嫌がる

いやがる

relieve (... concern)
get along welldislike

へいじつ

weekday

なによりもmore than anything

ロールプレイ平日

会話をまとめる
何よりも39

PART Ⅱ
Translation：
Ⅰ Before learning
Ⅱ Conversations
Ⅲ Role playing
Ⅳ Summarize the conversations

Main characters in the Conversations
Sumire-homu

Matsumoto

Inoue

YoshidaSakamoto, care worker

Maria

Maekawa, nurse

Tanpopo-en

Himawari-sabisu

UmemotoTakemoto41

Lesson 1

Wake-up

Before learning
1. What do you do when you go into the care service user’s room in the morning?
2. What do you do if he/she is asleep?
3. What do you think he/she would want to talk about when waking up?

Conversations
Care service user: Sachiko Ueda
(She sleeps light and sometimes wakes up at night.
An ache in the right elbow makes it difficult for her to get up, although it is getting better.)<< Waking up in the morning >>Matsumoto : Excuse me. Good morning, Ms. Ueda. Are you awake?
(care worker)
Ueda: Good morning. I just woke up.

Matsumoto : It’s sunny out today. Shall I open the window?
Ueda: Yes, please. Today, it is nice weather after a long time.

Matsumoto : Yes. It’s going to get hot today. Did you sleep well last night?
Ueda:	No. After going to bed, I couldn’t sleep for a long time, and then I woke up twice in the middle of thenight...

Matsumoto :	Did you? It’s difficult to go back to sleep once you wake up at night, isn’t it? Is anything bothering you?
Ueda:	No. Yesterday I took a 2-hour nap. So that’s probably the reason I couldn’t sleep.

Matsumoto : I see. If you take a long nap, you’ll have a hard time falling asleep.
		By the way, there’s going to be a Hanshin Tigers game this afternoon. Hanshin Tigers is yourfavorite team, isn’t it?
Ueda: Oh, yes. I must watch that…

Matsumoto : It looks like Hanshin has been doing well lately.
Ueda: Yes. I hope they will win today’s game…

Matsumoto : So do I.
		 Well, Ms. Ueda. Do you think you can get up by yourself?
Ueda: Yes.

Matsumoto : How is your right elbow? Does it still hurt?
Ueda: Ummm, it hurts a little when I bend it…but it’s better than before.

Matsumoto : That’s good. If it starts to hurt again, please let me know.
Ueda: Thank you.

Matsumoto : I hope you’ll be able to sleep better tonight.

42

Role Playing
Care service user: Yamashita (a woman in her 60s) [She has been doing well recently.]In her room at 7 o’clock in the morning:Role Card A [Care worker]
You will provide assistance at the time of wake-up.
It is cloudy and slightly cold this morning.
The care service users are scheduled to go shopping together to the Sakura Shopping Promenade in theafternoon. Check if she wants to go.

Role Card B [Care service user: Yamashita]
When you wake up, the care worker will come into your room. Chat with her.
You woke up several times last night. It may be because you had too much tea the night before.
You feel good today.

Summarize the conversations
Ms. Sachiko Ueda sleeps light and sometimes wakes up at night.
I entered her room and said good morning to her. She had just woke up. The weather was nice. I opened thewindow for ventilation. When I asked about her sleep, she said that she had woken up twice in the middle of thenight. She said it might be because she had taken a 2-hour nap the day before. When I talked about her favorite
baseball game scheduled on TV this afternoon, she seemed to be looking forward to it.
When inquiring about the pain in her right elbow, she said it still hurt a little when she bent it, but that it was
not as bad as before. I told her to let me know if her elbow starts to bother her again and finished with themorning call out.

43

Lesson 2 Taking body temperature in the morning
Before learning
1. When do you take temperatures at the care facility?
2. What should you be careful of when taking someone’s temperature?
3. For what purposes do you think temperatures are taken?

Conversations
Care service user: Yukie Mori	(She has had a fever in the 37 degree range due to a cold since the day before yesterday.)<<Taking the body temperature >>Matsumoto :How are you feeling, Ms. Mori?
(care worker)
Mori: Well, I feel a little sluggish.

Matsumoto : May I take your temperature?
Mori: Yes.

Matsumoto : Are you sweating? You aren’t, are you?
Mori

: No.

Matsumoto : Place the thermometer under your arm, please.
Mori: Sure. Is this OK?

Matsumoto : That’s fine. I’ll be back in about 5 minutes.
<< Checking the body temperature >>Matsumoto : What was your temperature, Ms. Mori?
Mori: 37.2 degrees.

Matsumoto : All right. 37.2 degrees. How do you feel?
Mori: I have slight chills…

Matsumoto : Is that so. Shall I bring you a hot-water bottle?
Mori: Yes, please.

Matsumoto :	For the past week, we’ve had hot and cold days. So some people have been coming down with a slight
cold.
Mori

: I see.

Matsumoto : Get enough rest today. I hope you will feel better soon.
Mori: Thank you.

44

Role playing
Care service user: Kojima (a woman in her 80s)
	[She has had a fever in the 37 degree range due to a cold since yesterday.]
In her room at around 7 o’clock in the morning:Role Card A [Care worker]
You will take Ms. Kojima’s temperature.
Check the temperature, ask how she feels, and respond to her accordingly.

Role Card B [Care service user: Kojima]
The care worker will come in to take your temperature.
You are still a little feverish this morning.
Your temperature is 37.3 degrees.
You have had little appetite since yesterday.

Summarize the conversations
Ms. Yukie Mori has had a slight fever for the past two days due to a cold. So her temperature was taken.
When asked how she felt, she said she felt a little sluggish. I checked her to see if she was sweating under her arm
and asked her to firmly place a thermometer under her arm. The thermometer showed 37.2 degrees and the slightfever she had had since two days before had not yet subsided. When I asked her how she felt, she said she felt slightchills. So I told her that I would bring a hot-water bottle for her. I said to her that some people had come down witha slight cold due to a significant fluctuation in temperature in the past several days. I told Mori-san to take plenty ofrest and finished with the morning temperature check.

45

Lesson 3

Grooming activities

Before learning
1. What do you do for grooming after you get up in the morning?
2. What is important when helping someone to groom?
3. Have you ever had your hair brushed by someone? How did you feel?

Conversations
Care service user: Chieko Honda
	(She has mild dementia and she is unable to groom sufficiently by herself.)<< Washing face after getting up >>Matsumoto : Ms. Honda, do you think you can wash your face by yourself?
(care worker)
Honda: Yes.

Matsumoto : Your hair will get wet. Do you want to tie it back?
Honda: Yes. I think there is a rubber band in that basket…

Matsumoto : This must be it. Here you are.
Honda

: Thank you.
		------------------------------

Matsumoto : Have you finished washing your face, Ms. Honda?
Honda: Yes. ------- It was refreshing.

Matsumoto :	Good. Breakfast is at 7 o’clock. Do you want to change your clothes now?
Honda

: Yes. Thank you for always helping me.

46

<< Combing hair after changing clothes >>Matsumoto : Ms. Honda, now do you want to comb your hair?
Honda: Oh, yes. ------- For some reason, I can't do it well.

Matsumoto : Can I help you?
		 How about changing your hair style today? It’ll make you feel different.
Honda: Oh, that would be nice. Please do.

Matsumoto : OK.
Honda: It really feels nice to have someone comb my hair like this.

Matsumoto :	I like to have my hair shampooed at the beauty salon, too. It feels good, doesn't it?
Honda: Yes, it really does.

Matsumoto : You’re done. Here is a mirror.
		 How do you like it? You look really nice.
Honda: Thank you for the nice hairstyle.

Matsumoto : You’re welcome. Let’s go to the dining room.
Honda: Yes. I wonder what’s for breakfast this morning. I can’t wait.

Role Playing
Care service user: Yamashita (a woman in her 60s)
	[Since her hands cannot reach above her shoulders, she cannot groom well by herself.]
In front of the washbasin in her room in the morning:
Ms. Yamashita's normal hairstyle
Her bangs are slightly long

Role Card A [Care worker]
You will provide assistance to her with face washing and hair combing.
After she washes her face, you will ask her to change clothes and then help her to comb her hair.
When combing her hair, suggest that she tie her hair back since it is likely to be hot today.
Have a chat with Ms. Yamashita while combing her hair.

Role Card B [Care service user: Yamashita]
After washing your face, change clothes and comb your hair.
While having the care worker tidy your hair, talk about some memories about your hair.

47

Summarize the conversations
Ms. Chieko Honda has mild dementia and she is not able to groom all by herself.
After getting up in the morning, I asked her to wash her face. I suggested that she tie her hair back with arubber band so that it would not get wet when she washed her face. She seemed to feel refreshed after washingher face.
When she was to groom her hair after changing her clothes, I suggested that she change her hairstyle, to which
she agreed and I helped with her hair. She seemed to be satisfied saying that it felt nice to have someone comb her
hair, and also seemed to like the new hair style. After finishing her grooming, I asked her to go the dining room.

48

Lesson 4 Oral health care
Before learning
1. Have you ever helped a child, elderly person or physically handicapped individual to brush his/her teeth? How
did you help?
2. Do you know someone who wears dentures? How does he/she care for them?
3. Have you ever been to a dentist? What kind of treatment did you receive?

Conversations
Care service user: Kazuo Shimada	(He wears dentures. His hands do not move freely because of paralysis.)<< Brushing teeth >>Matsumoto : Mr. Shimada, do you want to brush your teeth?
(care worker)
Shimada: Yes.

Matsumoto : 	The weather is nice today. Cherry trees in the park have bloomed halfway. They will be at their peak aroundnext week.
Shimada:	Oh, yes. It’s getting warm so I would love to go to view the cherry blossoms.

Matsumoto : That’s a good idea. Shall we take our lunch and go for a look?
Shimada: That’d be nice. I’ll look forward to it.

Matsumoto : Then, please remove your dentures and clean them.
Shimada:	Talking about my dentures, the upper ones hurt a little recently. It feels like the metal fitting istouching the gum…

Matsumoto : Really? Maybe your dentures are not fitting very well.
		 When did you have them made?
Shimada:	Let’s see… that was before coming here. So it must have been about three years ago. They started tohurt sometime last week…

Matsumoto : Is that so? Maybe you should have a dentist check on it.
Shimada:	I think so, too. Would you be kind enough to make an appointment for me with the dentist?

Matsumoto : Yes. I’ll make an appointment later.
Shimada: Sorry to trouble you.

Matsumoto : That’s OK.
Shimada: Did I wash my dentures alright?

Matsumoto : Yes, they’re very clean. Then, clean your mouth. Rinse well after cleaning.
Shimada: OK.

49

Role Playing
Care service user: Akiyama (a man in his 70s)
[He does not wear dentures.]Before going to bed in his room. It is November when maple leaves are coming to their peak:Role Card A [Care worker]
After Mr. Akiyama eats, you will suggest that he clean his mouth and teeth.
Have a chat with him before helping him to clean.

Role Card B [Care service user: Akiyama]
It is time to brush your teeth after eating.
Since about a week ago, your teeth have been smarting from the cold water.
The care worker will be coming to see you. Talk to him/her about it.

50

Summarize the conversations
Mr. Kazuo Shimada wears dentures. He cannot use his hands freely because of paralysis.
Before caring for his mouth, I said that the cherry blossoms in the park would be at their peak soon and Mr.
Shimada said he’d love to go to see them. I suggested taking a packed lunch and going to view them and Mr. Shimada
said he'd look forward to it.
When he started brushing his teeth, Mr. Shimada said that the metal fitting touched his upper gum these days
and was hurting. According to Mr. Shimada, he had his dentures made about three years ago. Since it started to hurt
the week before, I suggested that he see a dentist, and he asked me to make an appointment. I said I'd do so, andcontinued watching him caring for his mouth.

51

Lesson 5 Walking
Before learning
1. H
 ave you ever seen an individual walking with a cane? What type of cane was that?
2. Who need help with walking?
3. W hat should you be careful of when assisting an individual requiring help with walking?

Conversations
Care service user: Hiroshi Hayashi	(He has left hemiplegia due to a subarachnoid hemorrhage, and has been using a cane to walk since one
week ago. He is gradually getting used to walking with the cane, and can walk longer distances as time
passes. However, he seems not to be willing to walk.)<< Walking with a cane >>Umemoto :	Mr. Hayashi, it’s almost snack time. Why don’t you walk to the lounge today?
(care worker)
Hayashi: Ummm, I don’t know…

Umemoto : It’ll be OK. I'll help you.
Hayashi: Yeah, I guess I can try.

Umemoto : I’ll support your lower back. Now stand up slowly.
Hayashi: OK. ------- Oops.

Umemoto :	First put your cane forward, then your left leg and right leg. Do you think you can do that? You’ll be
OK if you walk slowly. -------Yes, that’s the way to go.
<< Going down the stairs using a cane >>Umemoto : Let’s walk down the stairs today using your cane.
Hayashi: Yes. I’ll go down slowly.

Umemoto :	First, bring the cane down. Be careful because the tip of the cane easily gets stuck.
Hayashi: Like this?

Umemoto : Yes, that’s good. Now, lower your left foot.
Hayashi: Like this, right?

Umemoto : Yes, that’s the way. Do your legs hurt?
Hayashi: No. I’m fine. I put down the cane first, left foot and then right foot, right?

Umemoto :	Yes. Repeat it and go down slowly. It might be hard in the beginning, but try a little at a time.
Hayashi: Alright.

Umemoto : Just a little more.
Hayashi: Yes, only two more steps.

Umemoto : There, you did it. You walked quite a bit today. Sit on this chair and rest a bit.
52

Hayashi: Thank you. ------- By the way, what do we have for snacks today?

Umemoto :	Today, we have watermelon. Cooled watermelon tastes great during summer. Do you like watermelon, Mr.
Hayashi?
Hayashi:	Yes, it’s my favorite. We used to grow watermelon in our garden when I was young.

Umemoto :	Is that right? Watermelon you grew yourself must have tasted especially good.
Hayashi: Yes. They were delicious.

Umemoto : They must have been. Shall we go now?
Hayashi: Yes.

Role playing
Care service user: Sasaki (a woman in her 80s)
[She has paralysis in the left leg and uses a cane.]At the entrance to the facility on an August morning:
Sunflowers are in bloom in the yard.

Role Card A [care worker]
You will help Ms. Sasaki take a walk.
Be careful that she will not fall over because the road is uneven.
When you stop to rest, have a chat with Ms. Sasaki.

Role Card B [Care service user: Sasaki]
You will go to the yard for a walk with the care worker.
When you stop to rest, have a chat with the care worker.
Sunflowers are your favorite flowers.

Summarize the conversations
Mr. Hiroshi Hayashi had a subarachnoid hemorrhage which caused left hemiplegia and he has been using a canesince a week ago.
Today, I suggested to him that we walk to the lounge for a snack, and he said he’d try. When Mr. Hayashi was walking
using the cane, I supported his lower back so that he would not fall over, and told him how to walk with the cane.
I advised him to be careful with the tip of his cane when going down the stairs and to go down slowly. After going
down the stairs, I had him rest a little on a chair and talked about watermelon that would be served as the snack forthe day. After resting a little, we walked slowly to the lounge.

53Lesson 6 Transferring into a wheelchair
Before learning
1. Have you ever pushed a wheelchair? What kind of wheelchair was it?
2. W hat do you think you should be careful of when helping a person transfer into a wheelchair?
3. What should you be careful of when pushing a wheelchair?

Conversations
Care service user: Mitsuko Takagi	(She has low back pain due to osteoporosis and is unstable when walking. She uses a wheelchair.)<< Going from her room to the dining room in a wheelchair >>Matsumoto :	Ms. Takagi, it’s almost time to eat. Shall we go to the dining room?
(care worker)
Takagi: Yes. Will you help me?

Matsumoto : Do you need to go to the toilet?
Takagi: No. I’ve just finished. I’m OK.

Matsumoto : Then, why don’t you get into the wheelchair? Let me help you a bit.
Takagi: Yes, please.

Matsumoto : Can you sit a little toward the front of the chair?
		 -----------------------------Matsumoto : Are you OK?
Takagi: Yes.

Matsumoto : Can you put your arms around my shoulders?
Takagi: Yes.

Matsumoto :	Then, stand up slowly. One, two and three! Can you sit in the wheelchair now?
		-----------------------------Takagi: Thank you.

Matsumoto : You should sit back a little more. Can you lean forward a little? Excuse me.
		-----------------------------Matsumoto : Are you OK?
Takagi: Yes.
54

Matsumoto : Put your feet up on the foot rests. Are you all right?
Takagi: Yes, I'm fine. Thank you.

Matsumoto :	Here is a lap blanket. Let's go to the dining room. Would you release the brake?
Takagi: Sure.

Matsumoto : I'm going to push the wheelchair. It's going to move.
Takagi: OK.

<< Arriving at the dining room >>Matsumoto : I’m going to stop. Would you put on the brake?
		 -----------------------------Matsumoto : Enjoy your meal.
Takagi: Thank you.

<< Coming back from the dining room and moving onto the bed >>Matsumoto : You will move onto the bed now. Put on the brake, please.
		 I’m going to put up the foot rests.
Takagi: Thank you.

Matsumoto :	All right. Put your feet on the floor. Grab the bed rail and stand up. I’ll support your body. One, twoand three! Could you sit at the edge of the bed? Are you OK?
Takagi: Yes, I'm fine. Thank you.

55

Role playing
Care service user: Tamura (a man in his 80s)
	[He uses a wheelchair because of left hemiplegia caused by a cerebral hemorrhage. He can stand up byhimself using a support.]
In his room on a September afternoon. You will be going to a nearby park because Mr. Tamura wants to go.
Cosmos is in bloom there.

Role Card A [Care worker]
You will help Mr. Tamura move from the bed to the wheelchair.
Go out and chat with Mr. Tamura while pushing the wheelchair.

Role Card B [Care service user: Tamura]
The care worker will help you get into the wheelchair from the bed.
You love flowers. You used to take care of flowers at home.

Summarize conversations
Ms. Mitsuko Takagi has lower back pain due to osteoporosis and she is unstable when walking. So she uses awheelchair. It's time to eat, and I asked her to get into the wheelchair. First, I told her to put her arms around myshoulders, stand up, and then sit on the seat. Then I asked her to lean forward a little and pulled her body from theback to sit her back (in the wheelchair). Then I pushed the wheelchair to the dining room. After eating, we returned
to her room, transferred her from the wheelchair to the bed, and I finished my assistance with the wheelchair.

56

Lesson 7 Excretion
Before learning
1. What is the difference between toilets in Japan and those in your country?
2. Who need help to use the toilet?
3. What should you be careful of when helping someone to use the toilet?

Conversations
Care service user: Hiroshi Suzuki
	(Since he often goes to the toilet at night, he uses a portable toilet during night time only.)<<Using the portable toilet >>Matsumoto : Is something the matter? Is there anything I can help you with?
(care worker)
Suzuki: Umm…

Matsumoto : Would you like to use the toilet?
Suzuki: Yes. Will you help me?

Matsumoto : Sure. Can you get up by yourself?
Suzuki: Yes.

Matsumoto : After you get up, please sit at the edge of the bed.
Suzuki: OK.

Matsumoto :	Can you hold on to this handrail and stand up? Take your time. Be careful. Can you manage?
Suzuki: Yes.

Matsumoto : Stand firm on the floor and keep your hand on the rail.
Suzuki: OK.

Matsumoto : Can you pull down your pants and underwear?
Suzuki: Yes.

Matsumoto : Slowly pull them down to your knees. Do you need any help?
Suzuki: Yes. Would you please help me?

Matsumoto : Then, turn your body and sit on the portable toilet.
Suzuki: Oops.

Matsumoto : Are you OK? You don’t have to rush.
Suzuki: All right.

Matsumoto : Can you pull down your pants and underwear a little lower?
Suzuki: Yes.

Matsumoto :	I’ll place a blanket on your lap. I’ll put the toilet paper here. I’ll be back in about 5 minutes. Press thisbutton when you finish.
Suzuki: OK. Thank you.
57

Role playing
Care service user: Takahashi (a man in his 70s)
[He uses a portable toilet at night only.]In his room at 12:00 midnight. Mr. Takahashi used the toilet at around 11:30 pm.

Role Card A [Care worker]
You will help Mr. Takahashi to use the toilet.
As the nurse call buzzer sounded, you will go to his room.
Ask Mr. Takahashi how his stomach is.
Be considerate toward Mr. Takahashi’s feelings when talking to him.

Role Card B [Care service user: Takahashi]
You have been slightly constipated for the past few days. There was no bowel movement when
you sat on the toilet about 30 minutes ago. You feel like using the toilet again and you press thenurse call button.
Tell the care worker how sorry you are for having called him/her so often.

Summarize the conversations
Mr. Hiroshi Suzuki often goes to the toilet at night. So he uses a portable toilet at nighttime only.
When helping him to use the toilet, I told him to get up, sit at the edge of the bed, hold on to the rail, and standup slowly. I had him pull down his pants and underwear as much as he could, and helped him only when he couldn’t
do it. I asked him to change his position, sit on the portable toilet, and lower the pants and underwear a little more.
Then, I placed a blanket on his lap and put the toilet paper (near him). I told him to use the nurse call button after hefinished, and left the room.

58

Lesson 8 Meal
Before learning
1. Who need help to eat?
2. What should you be careful of when helping someone to eat?
3. W hat kind of eating utensils would be helpful for an individual who has difficulty using his or her hands?

Conversations
Care service user: Masao Yamamoto	(He has right hemiplegia due to cerebral infarction. Because he is right-handed, it is difficult for him touse chopsticks with his left hand. Now he uses a spoon with a holder with his left hand when eating.)<< Informing him that it’s time to eat >>Matsumoto :	Mr. Yamamoto, it’s almost lunchtime. Do you need to use the toilet?
(care worker)
Yamamoto : No. I’ve just finished.
Matsumoto : Good. Then, shall we go to the dining room? I think lunch is almost ready.
Yamamoto : Thank you. What’s for lunch today?
Matsumoto : It’s chirashi-zushi.
Yamamoto : Oh, really? Chirashi-zushi is my favorite.
<< Eating in the dining room >>Matsumoto :	Mr. Yamamoto, will you use a bib?
Yamamoto : Yes.
Matsumoto : This is your hand towel.
Yamamoto : Thank you.
Matsumoto : Here is your chirashi-zushi.
Yamamoto : Umm, I’m glad (because I like chirashi zushi)..
Matsumoto : The miso soup is hot. Be careful. Here is your spoon.
Yamamoto : Yes, thank you. I'm getting used to using the spoon.
Matsumoto : Really. You use it very well. Enjoy your meal.
Yamamoto : Yes, thank you.
Matsumoto : Take your time.
		 -----------------------------Yamamoto : I’m finished.
Matsumoto : You’ve finished it all.
59

Yamamoto : Yes, I’m full. The chirashi-zushi and miso soup were delicious...
Matsumoto : Really? I’m glad you liked them. May I take away the plates?
Yamamoto : Yes, please. Thank you.

Role Playing
Care service user: Ueda (a woman in her 70s)
	[Her elbow pain has cleared and she can now eat on her own. Her appetite is also increasing.]
From her room to the dining room at dinner time:Role Card A [Care worker]
You will help Ms. Ueda to eat.
Today’s menu is “nikujaga (simmered meat and potatoes).”Ms. Ueda finishes it all.

Role Card B [Care service user: Ueda]
It is dinner time and the care worker will come for you.
Ask the care worker what is for dinner.
You like “Nikujaga.”
You will eat everything that's served.

Summarize the conversations
Mr. Masao Yamamoto has right hemiplegia due to cerebral infarction. Because he is right-handed, it is difficultfor him to use chopsticks with his left hand. Now he uses a spoon with a holder with his left hand when eating. Mr.
Yamamoto asked me what was for lunch. When I told him that it was chirashi-zushi, he seemed happy to hear that.
Mr. Yamamoto said he was getting used to using the spoon with a holder. After lunch, he seemed to be satisfied,saying that the chirashi-zushi and miso soup were good. I asked him if I could take away the plates and finished myassistance with his meal.

60

Lesson 9 Medication after meals
Before learning
1. Do you take medication regularly? What is the medication?
2. Can you name the types of medication?
3. Have you ever helped someone to take oral medication?
What were you careful of (at that time)?

Conversations
Care service user: Jiro Nakamura	(He takes one packet of powdered medicine, two pills and two capsules after every meal.)<< Taking medicine after meal >>Matsumoto : Mr. Nakamura, have you finished eating?
(care worker)
Nakamura : Yes. I enjoyed the meal.
Matsumoto : Have you taken your medication?
Nakamura : No. I was just about to take it.
Matsumoto : OK. Which medicine do you usually take first?
Nakamura :	I take the powdered medicine first. As powdered medicine is bitter, I use a wafer to wrap it.
Matsumoto :	Is that so? Then you should drink some water before taking the medicine. If it is dry inside yourmouth, the wafer will stick to it.
Nakamura : OK.
Matsumoto :	It’ll be easier to swallow the medicine if you put it in the middle of your tongue.
Nakamura : Oh, yes.
Matsumoto : Drink plenty of water.
Nakamura : I’ve swallowed it. These pills are small. So I’ll take two at a time.
Matsumoto : Have you swallowed them? Here are the capsules and then you're finished.
Nakamura : Yes.
Matsumoto : The capsules are slightly big. Maybe you should take one at a time.
Nakamura : OK.
Matsumoto : Have you swallowed them? Is there any medicine left in your mouth?
Nakamura : No. Thank you.
Matsumoto : Not at all.
Nakamura :	I don’t like hospitals and medicine from the time I was small. I often gave my mother a hard time because
I couldn't take powdered medicine.
Matsumoto : Really? My daughter doesn't like taking medicine, either.
61

Nakamura : Oh, really?
Matsumoto :	Well, you will have rehabilitation exercises in the afternoon. So relax until then.
Nakamura : OK. Thank you.

Role Playing
Care service user: Kojima (a woman in her 80s)
	[She takes three types of medicine (one small pill, one packet of powdered medicine, one each of blue
and white capsules) after every meal.]
In the dining room after dinner:

Role Card A [Care worker]
You will help Ms. Kojima to take her medicine after her meal.
After she takes the medicine, chat with her for a little while and then suggest that she join singing
practice in the lobby for a birthday party.

Role Card B [Care service user: Kojima]
You will take medicine after eating.
After taking the medicine, talk about your memories related to medicine.

Summarize the conversations
Mr. Jiro Nakamura takes one packet of powdered medicine, two pills and two capsules after every meal.
Before he took the medicine after his meal, I first confirmed that he had finished eating.
Mr. Nakamura uses a wafer to wrap powdered medicine. I advised him to drink water before taking the medicine
so that the wafer would not stick inside his mouth, to place the medicine in the middle of his tongue for easy
swallowing, and to take plenty of water.
After Mr. Nakamura had taken the powdered medicine, pills and capsules, in this order, I asked if there was any
medicine left inside his mouth. Then I told him to relax until the rehabilitation exercise in the afternoon.

62Lesson 10 Taking off and putting on clothes
Before learning
1. Have you ever helped someone to take off or put on clothes?
2. How do you dress an individual with right hemiplegia?

Conversations
Care service user: Toshiyuki Shimizu	(He has right hemiplegia due to a cerebral hemorrhage. He can stand up with a support.)<< Changing to outdoor clothes (pullover top and pants) in a sitting position >>Matsumoto :	Mr. Shimizu, it’s about time we went shopping. Do you want to change your clothes now?
(care worker)
Shimizu: Yes.

Matsumoto : Isn’t it cold in the room?
Shimizu: No, it’s fine.

Matsumoto : Then, I’m going to close the curtains.
Shimizu: Thank you.

Matsumoto : What do you want to wear today?
Shimizu: Well… the weather looks good today. So I think I’ll wear that blue one.

Matsumoto : OK. This blue one, right? Please take off your top first.
Shimizu: OK.

Matsumoto :	Mr. Shimizu, can you pull up the top to your chest with your left hand? I’ll help with the back.
Shimizu: Thank you.

Matsumoto :	OK. Now you take off the left sleeve from the shoulder and then go on to the right side.
Shimizu: All right.

Matsumoto :	After taking off the top, you will put this blue top on. Can you do it yourself?
Shimizu: Yes.

Matsumoto :	First, put your right arm through the sleeve. After you put your arm through, open around the collar
and slip it over your head.
Shimizu: OK.

Matsumoto : After you slip it over your head, can you put your left arm through?
Shimizu: Yes.

<< Standing up to change pants >>Matsumoto : W hen you’ve finished with the top, change your pants.
Shimizu: OK.

Matsumoto :	Can you hold on to the rail and stand up? I’ll lower your pants around to your knees.
63

Shimizu: Yes, thank you.

Matsumoto : OK. Now, could you sit down on the chair and take off the left side?
Shimizu: OK.

Matsumoto : I’ll help you if it’s difficult for you.
Shimizu: Thank you.

Matsumoto : After you take them off, put your right leg in first.
Shimizu: OK.

Matsumoto :	After you’re finished with your right leg, put your left leg in. Take your time. Pull up the pants asmuch as you can.
Shimizu: OK.

Matsumoto :	Now, please hold the rail and stand up. I’ll finish pulling up your pants.
Shimizu: Thank you.

Matsumoto :	Now, you’re done. Do you want to look at yourself in the mirror? You look very good.
Shimizu: Thank you.

Role Playing
Care service user: Ono (a woman in her 70s)
[She has left hemiplegia due to a cerebral hemorrhage.]In her room in the afternoon in the beginning of December. It’s cloudy and seems cold. The two of you will begoing shopping together.

Role Card A [Care worker]
You will help Ms. Ono to change clothes.
Ask her which clothes she would like to wear.

Role Card B [Care service user: Ono]
You will change clothes with the help of the care worker.
Tell the care worker which clothes you'd like to wear.

Summarize the conversations
Mr. Toshiyuki Shimizu has right hemiplegia due to a cerebral hemorrhage. It was time to go shopping. I asked
him if he'd like to change his clothes. Before changing, I asked him if the room was warm enough and then closed
the curtains. I asked him what he would like to wear and he said that he'd like to wear his blue outfit since theweather was good. When undressing, I told him to start with his left side, the side unaffected by hemiplegia, andthen the right side. I helped with the back side where he could not (pull up his top). When dressing, I helped him
while telling him to take the steps in reverse order, starting with putting his right arm through the sleeve, the one
affected by hemiplegia. Then I also helped him to change his pants. When finished, I had him see himself full-length
in a mirror and finished my assistance with his changing clothes.
64Lesson 11 Bathing
Before learning
1. D
 o you have bathing customs or methods in your country that differ from those in Japan?
2. Have you ever been to a Japanese sento (public bath)? If so, how did you like it?
3. Have you ever given a child, elderly or disabled person a bath?

Conversations
Care service user: Tamiko Sato	(She bathes at a day service center twice a week, for fear of having an accident while bathing alone at homebecause of her old age.)<< Making preparations for bathing >>Takemoto :	Hello, Ms. Sato. Are you ready for a bath? Have you brought a change of clothes and a towel?
(care worker)
Sato:	Well, I’ve brought a change of clothes, but I forgot to bring a towel…... Sorry, but can I use one ofyours?

Takemoto : Sure. Here you are. Now, shall we go to the bathroom?
<< Taking off clothes in the dressing room >>Takemoto : Will you take off your slippers and have a seat here?
Sato

: OK.

Takemoto :	You can take your time to take off your clothes. This basket is for the clothes you have taken off.
Sato

: OK.

Takemoto :	If you are finished, please go in. The bathroom floor is slippery. Please watch your step.
Sato

: OK.

<< Washing hair and body in the bathroom >>Takemoto : First, let me shampoo your hair.
Sato: Thank you.

Takemoto : How do you find the water temperature?
Sato: Just fine.

		-----------------------------Takemoto : N ow, let’s move on to the body. I’ll help you with any hard-to-reach parts. Please don’t hesitate to tell
me.
Sato

: Then, will you wash my back?
65

Takemoto : Sure.
Sato: Will you rub it a little bit harder?

Takemoto : How do you like this?
Sato: Just fine. Oh, it feels so good.

		-----------------------------Takemoto : OK, it’s done. Will I wash the soap off or will you do it yourself?
Sato: I’ll do it myself.

Takemoto : How do you find the water temperature? It’s not too hot?
Sato

: No, just fine.

Takemoto : Now, it is time to have a soak in the bath. Please watch your step.
<< Drying the hair and body with a towel in the dressing room >>Takemoto : Well then, please dry your body with a towel. Is there any hard-to-reach part?
Sato:	No, thank you. I’ve had a nice bath today, as always. I’m feeling refreshed now. It was very refreshing towash off sweat.

Takemoto : I’m glad to hear that. -------Are you finished?
Sato: Yes.

Takemoto : Your back is still a bit wet. I’ll help you a little.
Sato: Oh, please. Thank you.

Takemoto : Shall I dry your hair with a towel?
Sato: Thank you. Could you use a dryer?

Takemoto : Sure.
		-----------------------------Sato: Thank you very much.

Takemoto : You’re welcome.
<< Going back to the lounge >>Takemoto :	You must be tired. Let’s go back to the lounge. You should drink a lot of water.
Sato

: OK.

66

Role Playing
Care service user: Kinoshita (a man in his 80s)
[As he has numbness in his left hand, he is nervous about bathing alone.]
In the bathroom at about 2:00 pm on a winter afternoon:

Role Card A [Care worker]
You will help Mr. Kinoshita bathe.
Firstly, you help him take off his clothes in the dressing room. In taking off his top, he seems to havedifficulty unbuttoning the sleeves.
Next, you will help him wash himself in the bathroom.
Lastly, you will help him dry his hair and body with a towel in the dressing room.
After the bath, ask him how he liked the bath.

Role Card B [Care service user: Kinoshita]
You will take a bath.
You have difficulty unbuttoning the sleeves of your top when taking off your clothes.
When washing your body, you have difficulty washing your toes. Ask the care worker for help.
When drying your body with a towel in the dressing room, you cannot reach your back. Ask the care
worker to wipe your back.
Tell the care worker how you liked today’s bath.

Summarize the conversations
Ms. Tamiko Sato goes to a day service center twice a week.
Today she forgot to bring a towel from home and used a towel of the facility.
I seated her on a chair in the dressing room and asked her to take off her clothes. I told her to watch her step when
she entered the bathroom. When she washed her hair and body, I advised her to first shampoo her hair and thenwash her body. I let her wash all parts of her body by herself other than her back, which she found difficult to reachand I washed for her. Then I asked her whether the water temperature was not too high, and washed off the soap.
After that, I let her have a soak in the bath. After the bath, she said that it had been refreshing to wash off sweat. I helped
her dry her body with a towel and dried her hair using a hair dryer. Lastly, I advised her to drink a lot of water andfinished my assistance with her bathing.

67

Lesson 12 Bed bath
Before learning
1. Have you ever wiped someone’s body clean?
2. Where do you start when wiping the body?
3. Have you ever had your body wiped clean by someone?

Conversations
Care service user: Toshiko Kojima
	(As she has red rashes of uncertain origin, she cannot have a bath.)<< Wiping the body in the bed in her room >>Matsumoto : Hello, Ms. Kojima.
(care worker)
Kojima: Hello.

Matsumoto :	It’s time for a bath, but I think you should refrain from having a bath today, as that can be bad for yourrashes. How about a bed bath instead?
Kojima: Oh, please. Thank you.

Matsumoto : Have you finished your toilet?
Kojima: Yes, I have.

Matsumoto : How are you feeling today?
Kojima: I’m fine.

Matsumoto : Good. Then please use this towel. Firstly, please wipe your eyes.
Kojima: OK.

Matsumoto : Next, please wipe your entire face, using the other side of the towel.
Kojima: OK.

Matsumoto :	How do you find the temperature of the towel? If you find it too hot, please don’t hesitate to let me know.
Kojima: OK, I will.

Matsumoto : Then please wipe around your ears.
Kojima: It’s so refreshing to wipe with a warm towel like this.

Matsumoto :	Good. Next, please wipe your neck. Put your chin up a little, and it becomes easier to wipe.
Kojima: Like this?

Matsumoto :	Yes. After the neck, wipe your hands. Please be careful and don’t forget to wipe between the fingers.
Kojima: OK.

Matsumoto : Ms. Kojima, you’ve got redness around the navel.
Kojima: Yes, and I feel a bit itchy in the area, too.

Matsumoto : Oh, do you? But try not to scratch the area, however itchy it is.

68

Kojima: OK.

		-----------------------------Matsumoto : M
 s. Kojima, are you feeling all right? Do you feel refreshed?
Kojima: Yes. Thank you very much. Now I’m clean and feeling great.

Matsumoto : I’m glad to hear that. You must be tired. Take good care.
Kojima: Thank you very much.

Role Playing
Care service user: Uchino (a woman in her 60s)
[She has had a slight fever since this morning.]
In her room at around 3:00 pm:

Role Card A [Care worker]
You will advise Ms. Uchino to have a bed bath instead of a bath in the bathroom, and help her inwiping her body with a towel.
She has redness on her back and arms. Ask her what has happened.

Role Card B [Care service user: Uchino]
You will have the care worker help you in wiping your body with a towel.
When the air becomes dry, your back and arms begin to feel itchy.

Summarize the conversations
Ms. Toshiko Kojima cannot have a bath in the bathroom because she has red rashes of uncertain origin.
Before a bed bath, I explained to her why she should refrain from having a bath in the bathroom. I asked her
about her health condition and she said she was all right. I handed a towel to her and told her to wipe her eyes,
entire face, ears, neck and hands, in this order, while making sure that she did not omit any part of the body. I
checked her skin condition and noticed that she had redness around her navel. As she said the area felt itchy, I
advised her not to scratch it. At the end, I asked her if she did not feel sick.

69

Lesson 13 Daily conversations
Before learning
1. When you talk to a care service user, what is your first question going to be?
2. What do you think care service users want to talk about with the staff?

Conversations
Care service user: Masayo Kawamura	(She feels numbness in her hands from time to time. She practices gripping a ball for her rehabilitation.)<< Matsumoto (care worker) asks Ms. Kawamura about her health condition and has a chat with her. >>Matsumoto :	Hello, Ms. Kawamura. You have a healthy complexion today.
(care worker)
Kawamura : Thank you. I’ve been in good health these days.
Matsumoto :	Have you? That’s fine. How about your hands? Do you still feel numbness in them?
Kawamura : Yes, once in a while… But I feel they are getting better little by little.
Matsumoto : That’s good. How about your rehabilitation?
Kawamura :	I practice gripping a ball every day. Now I can put more strength into my hands than before.
Matsumoto : I’m happy to hear that. Keep up the good work.
Kawamura :	Yes, I will. Although I have slight numbness in my hands today, I knit when my hands are feelinggood. It’s going to be cold soon, so I’m thinking of knitting a muffler for my grandchild, who is anelementary school student.
Matsumoto :	That’s great. I’m sure your grandchild will be happy with it. Have you been knitting for a long time?
Kawamura : Yes, since I was young.
Matsumoto :	Is that so? I remember my mother knitting sweaters and sewing skirts for me when I was a child.
Handmade things are always nice. I can feel the love of who made them.
Kawamura : Yes, you are right.
Matsumoto :	Ms. Nakamura, will you teach me knitting when the numbness in your hands disappears?
Kawamura : Sure, with pleasure.
Matsumoto : I’m looking forward to it!

70Role Playing
Care service user: Koike (a woman in her 70s)
[She has had a slight pain in her right shoulder since a few days ago.]
In her room at around 10:00 am:Role Card A [Care worker]
You will go to Ms. Koike’s room and talk to her.
Ask her about her right shoulder.

Role Card B [Care service user: Koike]
Talk with the care worker who has come to your room.
You still feel a slight pain in your right shoulder, but it is getting better.
You started to draw yesterday, which is your favorite pastime.
Talk about it.

Summarize the conversations
Ms. Masayo Kawamura has numbness in her hands and practices gripping a ball for her rehabilitation.
When I asked her about her health condition today, she said that she still had numbness in her hands once in awhile but that it was gradually improving. She also said that she felt she could put more strength into her hands than
before during her daily rehabilitation. When her hands are in good condition, she enjoys knitting, which she has
been doing since she was young. She said that as it was going to be cold soon, she was thinking of knitting a muffler
for her grandchild, who was an elementary school student.
I told her that my mother had knitted me sweaters and other things when I was a child, and asked her if she could
teach me knitting when the numbness in her hands disappeared.

71Lesson 14 Planning a recreational activity
Before learning
1. What recreational activities do you think would be appropriate for a care facility?
2. Which of the activities you have named in 1 are you best at?
3.

W hat do you think care facilities can do to provide fun and enjoyment for their care service users?

Conversations
New care worker: Maria (She has never acted as the leader of a recreational activity.)<< Matsumoto (care worker) asks Maria to act as the leader of a recreational activity. >>Matsumoto :	Maria, do you have any good ideas for next month’s recreational activity?
(care worker)
Maria: Let me see... How about introducing my country’s songs and dances?

Matsumoto :	Oh, that’s a good idea. Maria, I know you are a very good singer and dancer. Why don’t you act as
the leader for next month’s recreational activity? Will this be the first time you have led a recreational
activity?
Maria:	Yes. It will be my first time, although when Takahashi-san did so, I helped her a little…

Matsumoto :	It may be a challenging role for a first timer, but I think it will be a good experience for you. So why
not give it a try?
Maria

: OK. I will.

Matsumoto : What do you think we can do to give care service users a good time?
Maria:	Let me see... How about those who can move dance to music on a CD while others who cannot canbeat time with their hands?

Matsumoto :	Oh, that’s a good idea. So, Maria, will you choose songs and dances that everybody can enjoy?
Maria: OK. I’ll listen to some CDs and think which one is good.

Matsumoto :	Then I’ll leave it to you. If you have any questions, please feel free to ask me anytime. Well, how about
you first suggesting ideas, and then we will have a meeting next Monday to make arrangements?
Maria: OK, then let’s meet on Monday. I’ll prepare by then.

Matsumoto : Thank you.

72

Role Playing
Care worker B: Mario	[He became a care worker this year and has never acted as the leader of a recreational activity. He is goodat both singing and playing the guitar.]
In the staff room in November to make arrangements for a Christmas party on the 25th of the next month.

Role Card A [Care worker]
Ask Mario to suggest ideas on what to do for the Christmas party.
Ask Mario to act as the leader for the event.
The staff will meet next Monday to make arrangements.

Role Card B [Mario]
Suggest ideas on what to do for the Christmas party.
Accept the offer to become the leader.

Summarize the conversations
Maria has never acted as the leader of a recreational event. I asked her whether she had any good ideas for next
month’s recreational activity. As she said she could introduce her country’s dances to the care service users, I asked
her to become the leader for next month’s recreational activity. She accepted, although it would be the first time
for her to be a leader. Her suggestion was that care service users move their bodies or beat time with their hands
to music on a CD. It was decided that she would choose songs we would use for the recreational activity, and also
develop a general plan. I told her to feel free to ask me any questions anytime.
We are planning to meet next Monday to make arrangements based on her suggestions.

73Lesson 15 Handover
Before learning
1. W
 ho are involved in giving care at care facilities?
2. What information do you think should be included in handovers?

Conversations
Care worker 1: Yoshie Matsumoto

Nurse: Satomi Maekawa

Care worker 2: Katsuhiko Inoue

Occupational therapist : Kaoru Sakamoto

Care worker 3: Akiko YoshidaMatsumoto (care worker):	Shall we start this evening’s handover? Mr. Inoue, do you have anything (toreport)?

Inoue (care worker):	The family of Ms. Ai Koyama, in Room 311, has brought her some fruit. Pleasetell her to eat it for dinner. I’ve written her name on it and put it in the refrigerator.
Mr. Koji Hashimoto, in Room 315, is scheduled to see a dentist at 10:00 am
tomorrow.

Matsumoto: Ms. Yoshida, do you have anything (to report)?

Yoshida (care worker):	Ms. Yumi Ishii, in Room 317, stayed out overnight and has not returned yet. I
called her daughter’s mobile phone and learned that Ms. Ishii wanted to stayhome longer. I guess this is because it has been quite a while since she was last at
home. I’m thinking of waiting a little more. I’ll call again next morning to find out(when she will return).

Matsumoto: Ms. Maekawa, do you have anything (to report)?

Maekawa (nurse):	The body temperature of Mr. Kiyoshi Watanabe, in Room 312, was 37.8 degrees
at 16:00. He has been given medication, but is still feverish. So please continue thefollow-up. Mr. Junichi Nakajima, in Room 318, has a running sore on the chest.
I’ve applied medication to the sore and covered it with gauze. As Mr. Nakajima has
sensitive skin, this has happened several times since he was admitted here. Special
attention should be paid to his hygiene.

Matsumoto: Ms. Sakamoto, do you have anything (to report)?

Sakamoto (occupational therapist) :	Tomorrow’s rehabilitation exercise will start at 3:30. It usually starts at 3:00, but
the schedule has been changed. Please be careful not to forget it. I’d also appreciate it
if you could communicate this change to the care service users as well.
Matsumoto:	Do you have anything else to report? If not, that’s all for today’s handover. Thankyou for your participation.

74

Role Playing
Staff: Abe, Ozawa, Fukushima, and Mario
Handover takes place in the staff room in the evening.
Role Card A [Care worker: Abe]
Lead the handover.
Role Card B [Care worker: Ozawa]
Report on Ms. Toshiko Kojima (Room 316).
He has red rashes above the navel. As she has been given medication, you confirmed that it had
been applied in the morning. Her doctor said that she should refrain from having a bath in thebathroom for a while. She will have a bed bath instead of a bath in the bathroom tomorrow.
Role Card C [Care worker: Fukushima]
Report on Ms. Masayo Kawamura (Room 321).
She has stayed up late till around 2:00 am and slept late into early afternoon for the past threedays. If she stays up late again tonight, warning should be given to her so as not to disturb herdaily pattern of life.
Role Card D [Care worker: Mario]
Report on changes to tomorrow’s Christmas party.
Changes
Time: the starting time has been changed from 3:00 pm to 4:00 pm.
Venue: the venue has been changed from the dining room to the lobby on the second
floor.

75

Summarize the conversations
1. Communication of information about care service users
Name ofRoomcare service
Information to be communicatednumberuser

Reporter

311

Ai
KoyamaTell her to eat the fruit that her family has brought her
for dinner. The fruit is in the refrigerator, with her namewritten on it.

Inoue

315

Koji
Hashimoto

Scheduled to see a dentist at 10:00 tomorrow morning.

Inoue

317

Yumi Ishii

Away overnight and still wants to stay at her home.
Yoshida will call her tomorrow morning.

Yoshida312

KiyoshiWatanabeHis body temperature was 37.8°C at 16:00.
Although he has been given medication, he is still
feverish. Follow-up is necessary.

Maekawa318

Jun-ichiNakajima

He has a running sore on the chest. Maekawa has applied
medication to the sore and covered it with gauze. As he
has sensitive skin, special attention should be paid to hishygiene.

Maekawa

Information to be communicated

Reporter

The starting time of tomorrow’s rehabilitation exercise
has been changed from 3:00 pm to 3:30 pm. Inform
care service users of this change.

Sakamoto

2. Others
Room Name of carenumber service user76

Lesson 16 Dealing with forgetful care service users
Before learning
1. Have you ever looked for something that you had lost or mislaid?
2. How do you encourage someone depressed by failure?

Conversations
Care service user: Michiyo Sasaki(She has recently become increasingly forgetful and is concerned about that.)<< Looking for a cane >>Matsumoto : Ms. Sasaki, are you looking for something?
(care worker)
Sasaki: Yes. I thought I would use my cane, but I mislaid it and cannot find it…

Matsumoto : Do you remember when you last used it?
Sasaki:	This morning, I used it to go to the toilet, and to go to have breakfast… After that, I used it to go tohave lunch, and then to go to the toilet after lunch. I cannot remember where I put it after that…

Matsumoto :	I see. So perhaps it’s in the toilet. Shall we go to the toilet and look for it together?
Sasaki: Yes, please.

<< Finding the cane in front of the toilet >>Matsumoto : Ms. Sasaki, is this (yours)?
Sasaki: Oh, did you find it here? I left it here when I came to the toilet. Sorry.

Matsumoto : Never mind.
Sasaki: Recently I’ve become increasingly forgetful. I often lose things…

Matsumoto : Do you? I also often mislay my keys, mobile phone and other things.
Sasaki: Really? But, Ms. Matsumoto, you are so young.

Matsumoto :	No. When I cannot remember where I put something, I ask my daughter to help me find it.
Sasaki: Oh, do you?

Matsumoto : Yes. If you have any trouble, please feel free to tell me anytime.
Sasaki: Yes, I will. Thank you for always helping me.

77Role Playing
Care service user: Honda (a woman in her 80s)
[She has recently become increasingly forgetful.]
It is the afternoon and Ms. Honda is looking for something in the corridor.

Role Card A [Care worker]
Ask Ms. Honda what has happened to her, and join her in looking for the thing that she has lost.
It was found in the lobby.
Talk to her to relieve her of her worry.

Role Card B [Care service user: Honda]
You are looking for your glasses, which you have mislaid and could not find.
You noticed that you mislaid your glasses when you wanted to read a newspaper.
This morning you had breakfast in the dining room, watched TV in the lobby and went back toyour room immediately.
Tell (the care worker) that recently you have become increasingly forgetful and that you areconcerned about it.

Summarize the conversations
Recently, Ms. Michiyo Sasaki has become increasingly forgetful and is concerned about that.
Today, I saw her looking for something again. I spoke to her and she said she had mislaid her cane. I thought fromher story that she had mislaid it when she went to the toilet after lunch. So I went to the toilet together with Ms.
Sasaki to look for the cane and found it. As she seemed very concerned about her increased forgetfulness, I told herthat I also often mislaid my keys and mobile phone. She was surprised to hear that. I told her to feel free to ask mefor help anytime.

78

Lesson 17

Dealing with care service users who eat much between meals

Before learning
1. D
 o people in your country eat snacks between meals? If so, when and what snacks do they eat?
2. In what situation do you want to eat snacks between meals?
3. In what situation do you think people begin to eat more snacks and less meals?

Conversations
Care service user: Yoshimi Tanaka	(She has recently begun to eat a lot between meals, which makes her unable to eat regular meals.)<< Talking to Ms. Tanaka who is eating snacks >>Matsumoto : Hi, Ms. Tanaka. Are you eating something?
(care worker)
Tanaka: Yes, I’m eating rice crackers.

Matsumoto : Oh, are you? Have your family brought you them?
Tanaka: Yes... I felt hungry again...

Matsumoto : But if you eat between meals, you cannot eat regular meals, can you?
Tanaka: I think you’re right. But I don’t feel like eating meals...

Matsumoto : Is that so? The food here is not really to your taste, is it?
Tanaka: Well, actually, it’s too tender and too lightly seasoned for me...

Matsumoto :	Many care service users have teeth problems. There are also many care service users who should be
careful not to take too much salt.
Tanaka:	But the meals served here are all as soft as tofu and are too lightly seasoned. They do not give me the feelingof eating a meal.

Matsumoto : Is that so?
Tanaka: That’s why I’m tempted to eat snacks like rice crackers...

Matsumoto :	I see. Shall I talk to the staff in charge of meals? I will ask the staff if less soft and more strongly
seasoned meals can be served.
Tanaka:	Oh, please. Thank you. Then I won’t have to eat between meals any longer...

Matsumoto : That’s good. I think I should ask you later what your favorites are.
Tanaka: OK.

Matsumoto : I hope you will be happy with your meals.

79Role Playing
Care service user: Nakamura (a man in his 70s)
	[Some time after being admitted to the facility, he began to smoke again, which he had quit before. He
used to be a member of a chorus group as a student, and likes to sing.]
In the smoking area in the afternoon:

Role Card A [Care worker]
You see Mr. Nakamura smoking.
Ask him why he smokes and give him advice.
Advise him to turn his attention to things other than smoking.

Role Card B [Care service user: Nakamura]
When you are smoking, a care worker approaches you.
You want to quit smoking, but you smoke because you have nothing else to do every day.

Summarize the conversations
Ms. Yoshimi Tanaka has recently begun to eat a lot between meals, which makes her unable to eat regularmeals.
When I passed by her room, I saw her eating rice crackers. I said to her that eating a lot between meals would
make her unable to eat regular meals. She said that she did not feel very much like eating meals. Then I asked her
about the food served at the facility and she said that it was not to her taste because it was too soft and too lightly
seasoned for her. That was why she ate snacks between meals unthinkingly. I told her that I would consult the staff
in charge of meals about the ingredients and seasonings of her meals. Then I asked her to tell me about her
favorites later.

80

Lesson 18 Dealing with care service users
who make many nurse calls
Before learning
1. When do you think care service users make nurse calls?
2. How do you think you should respond to care service users who make nurse calls because they want to havesomeone to talk to?
3. W hat do you think you should do when several care service users make nurse calls at the same time?

Conversations
Care service user: Yoko Koike(She makes a nurse call when she wants someone to talk to.)<< Ms. Koike has made a nurse call because she wanted someone to talk to. >>Matsumoto : Ms. Koike, what’s happened?
(care worker)
Koike:	Thank you for coming. My back hurts. Would you raise (the head of) the bed a little?

Matsumoto : Sure. How do you like this?
Koike:	Oh, I’m comfortable now. Sorry for always troubling you, but would you also smooth out the wrinkles
in the towel beneath my head?

Matsumoto : Sure. Will you raise your head a little?
Koike:	Thank you very much. I’ve been on my own in this room for a long time. I wanted someone to talkto…

Matsumoto :	I know what you mean. We want someone to talk to after being confined to a room for a long time.
Oh, is the person in the photo your husband? He has a charming smile.
Koike:	Yes, but he passed away three years ago. He was a very sweet person... When he was alive, we often
enjoyed traveling and mountain climbing together.

Matsumoto :	You are lucky to have had such a lovely husband. Where was the photo taken? It’s a beautiful snowy
landscape.
Koike:	It was taken a long time ago, when we traveled to Hokkaido to celebrate our silver wedding anniversary.
We had fantastic food and relaxed in a hot spring. We had a really great time.

Matsumoto :	I hear winter in Hokkaido is very beautiful. Ms. Koike, I’ll come again. Why don’t you also walk outof this room and drop in at the staff room to see us when you feel fine?
Koike: OK. Thank you.

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Role Playing
Care service user: Sasaki (a woman in her 80s)
[She makes a nurse call when she has difficulty getting to sleep.]At 11:00 pm in her room. A New Year photo of her family is displayed at her bedside.

Role Card A [Care worker]
Ms. Sasaki has made a nurse call. You will go to her room.
Listen to her request.
Talk with her about the photo displayed at her bedside.
Say a few warm words before leaving the room.

Role Card B [Care service user: Sasaki]
You will make a nurse call to call a care worker.
You have pain in your shoulders. Ask the care worker to massage them.
Your legs also feel heavy. Ask the care worker to rub them.
Show the care worker the photo and talk about it.
Tell the care worker that your family will come to see you next Sunday.

Summarize the conversations
Ms. Yoko Koike makes a nurse call when she wants someone to talk to. Today she made a nurse call again, and I
went to her room. She said that her back hurt and asked me to raise the head of her bed. I raised (the head of) her
bed. Then she asked me to smooth out the wrinkles in the towel over the pillow. After that I chatted with Ms. Koike
about a photo displayed at her bedside. She told me that when her husband had been healthy, they had traveled andclimbed mountains together. After listening to her, I encouraged her to drop in at the staff room when she felt fine.

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Lesson 19 Dealing with families (1)Before learning
1. Why do you think care service users’ families bring gifts for staff?
2. W
 hy do you think care facilities usually have a rule that they do not accept gifts from care service users’ families?
3.

How do you think you should refuse to accept gifts when care service users’ families have brought them?

Conversations
Care service user’s family member: Ms. Yamashita’s daughter<< Ms. Yamashita’s daughter drops in at the staff room after visiting her mother. >>Matsumoto (care worker) : Are you leaving?
Ms. Yamashita’s daughter: Yes.

Matsumoto:	Thank you for taking the time to come to see her today.

Ms. Yamashita’s daughter:	It is me who wants to say thank you. I thank you all for taking good care of my mother.
Today I’ve come to bring my mother my son’s photos.

Matsumoto: Have you?

Ms. Yamashita’s daughter:	Yes. He’ll be 7 years old this year. He’s made a lot of friends at elementary school andoften plays soccer (with them).

Matsumoto:	Is that so? I bet Ms. Yamashita was very glad to see the photos.

Ms. Yamashita’s daughter:	Yes. She was very happy to see them. My mother was an athletic woman when she wasyoung. She told me of her memories of when she was the captain of a volleyball teamand her team won a prefectural championship.

Matsumoto: That’s great.

Ms. Yamashita’s daughter:	By the way, I’ve brought to you a little something. It’s just a small token of our appreciation.
I'm not sure if it’s to your taste, but I hope that you and the other staff will enjoy it.

Matsumoto:	Oh, you shouldn’t have done this. Actually, we have a rule that we do not accept any
gifts from care service users’ families... But, thank you anyway. It means a lot to us thatyou offered.

Ms. Yamashita’s daughter: This is nothing special. Please accept it.

Matsumoto:	No, we can’t. You don’t have to show such concern for us. Ms. Yamashita looks very happy
when someone from her family comes to see her, and that alone is enough.

Ms. Yamashita’s daughter:	Oh, I understand. ------ I’ll try to find more time to come to see her. Thank you fortaking good care of my mother. Now I’ve got to go.

Matsumoto: Thank you for (coming) today. Take care.

83Role Playing
Care service user’s family: Daughter of Ms. Ishii (a female care service user in her 80s)
[She has come to see her mother.]In the corridor of the facility on a Sunday afternoon:
The daughter speaks with a care worker after visiting her mother.

Role Card A [Care worker: Matsumoto]Thank (the daughter) for coming to see her mother.
Ask her how Ms. Ishii is doing.

Role Card B [Care service user’s family: Ms. Ishii’s daughter]
You will say hello to the care worker before leaving.
Talk to the care worker about how your mother is doing.
Your mother looked well. She likes to listen to classical music, and said that she listened to CDs in
her room every day. She also told you of her memories of when she took violin lessons in her youngdays and went to concerts with your father.
You are thinking of sending a small gift to the care worker, who always takes good care of your mother.
Ask the address of the care worker.

Summarize the conversations
Ms. Yamashita’s daughter came to see her mother. I thanked her for visiting her mother before she left, andshe told me about how Ms. Yamashita was doing. She said that Ms. Yamashita had been very happy to see her
grandchild’s photos and had told of her memories, for example, of playing volleyball when young.
The daughter offered me a present. I explained to her about our rule that we cannot accept any gifts from careservice users’ families. However, she insisted on my accepting it. After showing respect for her feelings, I refused heroffer in a polite manner and told her that I hoped she would visit her mother again.

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Lesson 20 Dealing with families (2)Before learning
1. W
 hat questions do you think families who come to see care service users are likely to ask care workers?
2. W hat do you think care workers should talk about with families who come to see care service users?
3. B
 esides talking during visiting hours, what other means of communication between care service users’ families
and care workers can you think of?

Conversations
Care service user’s family: Daughter of Ms. Harada<< Ms. Harada’s daughter has come to ask how her mother is doing. >>Ms. Harada’s daughter:	I am the daughter of Harada in Room 305. Thank you very much for always taking care of
my mother. How is she doing here these days? Doesn’t she have difficulty getting to sleep atnight?

Matsumoto (care worker) :	She sleeps well at night, and has a good appetite as well... During the day, she watches TV inher room and talks a lot with other care service users and the staff.
Ms. Harada’s daughter:	Good. My mother is nervous and often becomes shy of strangers. I was quite worried if she
could get along well with people here...

Matsumoto:	Is that so? Your mother has many friends here and also actively participates in the facility’s
activities.

Ms. Harada’s daughter: I’m relieved to hear that.

Matsumoto:	By the way, our facility’s sports meet is scheduled for the second Saturday of the next
month. If you have time, why don’t you come and join us? I'm sure Ms. Harada will be happy if
her family is there.

Ms. Harada’s daughter:	Actually, she said the same thing a while ago. I’ll definitely find the time out of work to joinyou.

Matsumoto: 	Thank you very much. I also hope that you will come to see your mother again when you
have time, as I know Ms. Harada really looks forward to seeing her family.

Ms. Harada’s daughter:	I know. I’ll come to see my mother again. Then, I’ve got to go now today.

Matsumoto: See you. Take care.

85Role Playing
Care service user’s family: Son of Ms. Chiba (a female care service user in her 70s)
[He has come to see his mother.]In front of the staff room on a weekday night. Ms. Chiba’s son drops in at the staff room after visiting his mother.

Role Card A [Care worker]
Ms. Chiba sleeps well at night and has a good appetite as well.
She actively participates in recreational activities and gets along well with other care service
users.
During the day, she speaks to other care service users who are on their own and enjoys talking
with them.
Tell her son that the facility will hold a karaoke party Sunday next week.

Role Card B [Care service user’s family: Ms. Chiba (Room 301)’s son]
Say hello to the care worker and ask about how your mother is doing.
Your mother is a little short-tempered. So you are worried if she can get along well with otherpeople.

Summarize the conversations
Ms. Harada’s daughter dropped in at the staff room after visiting her mother. She seemed to have been worried
about the current health of her mother and how she was doing in the facility. I told her that Ms. Harada slept wellat night, had a good appetite and actively participated in the facility’s events. The daughter seemed to have beenrelieved to hear that.
I told her about the facility’s sports meet to be held next month. She said that she would find time out of work tojoin us. I said to her that her mother looked forward to seeing her family more than anything and asked her to visit
her mother when she has time.

86