DISCUSSION PURPOSE ONLY

January 2023

Waste-to-Energy – Towards a carbon neutral society1■JFE Engineering Outline
Others 2%

JFE Holdings
Revenue: 33billion USD
Employee: 64,295

Recycling andPower Generation 13%

JFE SteelRevenue(FY2021)

3,850million USD

JFE Engineering
JFE Shoji

Japan Marine UnitedEnvironmental Solutions 43%
Waste to energy plants,
water treatment plants, etc.

(318billion INR)
Infrastructure 21%
Bridges, port
and harbor facilities,
cranes, logistics systems, etc.

Group-wide
Energy Industries 21%
LNG bases, pipelines,
renewable energy, etc.
Exchange rate : JPY132/USD, JPY1.6/INR

2

■Our Contribution of GHG Emission Reduction

10,560,000 t-CO2/y3

■Achieving SDGs (sustainable development goals) through our projects
for circular economy

Recycling, Waste-to-energy, Renewable energy

for comfortable communities

Water and sewage infrastructure, Smart agriculture, Medical equipment

for development and prosperity

Logistics infrastructure (ports and bridges), Energy infrastructure

for infrastructure and industry

PPP projects, Regional new power systems, Energy service provider

4

Is this a familiar sight?

Photo : Takahashi

5Is this a familiar sight?

Photo : Takahashi

6Is this a familiar sight?

Source : Internet7

Pest, Odor, Fire, Water &Air Contamination

CH4 Emission
Global Warming

Pollution

Hazardous situations
for the communities
and local economies
Land Availability
Difficult to secure new
Landfill space
Photo : Takahashi

8Nerima Waste Incineration Plant (Tokyo)

A well-rounded waste management plan includes:• Source segregation• Covered transportation• Assured supply of waste• Technology suitable to type of waste• Long term sale of products(electricity, compost, gas etc.)• Gate fees (tipping fees), preferential tariff, viability
gap funding

9■Multi-collaboration for the Global environment
JCM subsidy

500 tpd, 11.6 MWe, Commissioning 01/’24

Equity(55%)

Equity(45%)

IFC Loan+ Finland-IFC Blended
Finance for Climate Program10

Wastes
E-Wastes

Pre-Treatment

Conversion

Re-Utilization

Plastics
Recycling

Industrial
WastesC&D

MRF

Incineration
PowerMSW
Melting/Gasification
Organics(KitchenWastes)

Slag/Metal

RDF Plant
Gas Fuel

SewageSludgeDigestion
Solidification Plant

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■Typical Incineration based WtE plant schematic
Annual Plant availability
Flue gas treatmentIncineration &Steam generation

Waste
receivingIntegration of
Airperipheral
supply & systems
exhaustsystemlike, Ash
extraction,
Water treatment,
Power evacuation
Emission
SWM 2016

8500C/9500C
2 Sec
Municipal Solid
Waste
Power Generation- effective combustion- limit emissions
within permissible
limits.

LOI < 5%

Bottom ash & fly ash
discharge system

Water
SupplyPower
Generation

■Moving Grate Furnace by JFE

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■Moving Grate Furnace by JFE

Movable grate

Fixed grate
Movable grate

Waste
FeederCombustion AirAirInjection
Hole

Minimal Air Injection Hole
High-Speed & Uniform Air FlowSlanted Combustion Air Flow

Fire Grate
Stable Combustion

No Gaps Between Grate Pieces

Minimal Ash Volume14

■Emission control (in compliance with local laws, viz. SWM 2016)*FGT
LOI< 5%

Temp of Flue gas: ≧ 950 OCTime of Residence: ≧2 sec.
Turbulence
3Ts

PollutantControl method

PollutantControl method

PollutantControl method

COCombustion control

SO2, HCL

Slaked Lime injection

NOx (NO & NO2
expressed as NO2)

Combustion control,
SNCR (provision) *Hg & its
components

Total Dioxins andFurans (TEQ)

Combustion Control &Activated Carbon injection

Waste Rec. Control,
Activated Carbon
injection

Heavy metals
Sb + As + Pb + Cr+ Co + Cu + Mn +Ni + V + theircompounds

Activated Carbon &Waste Receiving
Control

DustBag filter

HF (Hydrofluoric acid)Combustion Control

Loss of Ignition‘Grate’ design/operation

Cd+Tl + theircomponents

■Biomethanation• Applicable for foodwaste/biodegradable waste• Biogas can be used as a fuel• Treat wastes that are notadaptable for incinerationsuch as those with high watercontent• CAPEX generally lower thanincineration facility

Reference installation of JFE’s biomethanation facility (for food waste)• Needs careful segregation• Facility to treat residue after
selection must also beconstructed.
• Safe operation will require
high-quality pre-treatment• Long term sale of biogas tobe guaranteed for project
feasibility

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■Towards a carbon neutral society
Technology as per waste composition and LCV (at least 6,000 kJ/kg
for WtE incineration) should be investigated.

Mandatory

Bottom ash and APC residue (fly ash) can be safely treated.
Adequate gate fees and preferential tariff for power output

Stronglyadvisable

Plant manufacturers have an appropriate level of expertise andsuitable incinerators.
An environmental monitoring system is in place.

Advisable

Capacity building and training is available to improve the technical17
skills of staff.

Yokohama HQThank youhttps://www.jfe-eng.co.jp/en/360_jfe_engineering/
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