J. Jpn. Soc. Soil Phys.
౔৕ͷ෺ཧੑ

No. 124, p.51 ∼ 53 (2013)2 ͭ໨ͷത࢜߸Λऔಘͯ͠ಙຊՈ߁ 1

ʠWelcome to Texas.ʡ γϣϕϧ͕શ͘໾ʹཱͨͳ͍ͷͰ͋ͬͨɽ͔͠͠‫ڀݚ‬ะ৔͸ɼද౔ͷ 20 cm ͸ੴ͜Ζαόϯφͷੴ᛽౔৕࠾औͷચྱΛड͚ΔࢲʹɼςΩα͕ൺֱతগͳ͍͕ɼԼ૚͸ੴ᛽౔৕Ͱ‫ܗ‬੒͞ΕΔͨΊɼ

ε A&M େֶͰͷࢦಋ‫ڭ‬तͰ͋ͬͨ Dr. J.L. Heilman ͕౔৕ਫ෼ηϯαʔͷઃஔ͸͓Ζ͔ɼ౔৕࠾औ͑͞΋ࠔ೉ੴ᛽தͷ౔৕ਫ෼Ҡಈ‫؍‬ଌͷ೉͠͞Λ҉ࣔͤͨ͞ɽ͜ΕΛ‫ۃ‬Ίͨɽͨͱ͑ੴ᛽ΛऔΓআ͍ͯ౔৕ਫ෼ηϯαʔΛ͕ɼ‫ؠ‬खେֶ࿈߹େֶӃ͔Βത࢜߸औಘ‫ޙ‬ɼ͞Βʹ౔৕ຒઃͯ͠΋ɼੴ᛽‫ྔؚ‬ΛߟྀͰ͖ͳ͍౔৕ਫ෼ͷ‫؍‬ଌͰ෺ཧֶͷ஌ࣝΛਂΊΔ΂͘ɼ2 ͭ໨ͷത࢜߸औಘͷͨΊ͸க໋తͳ‫͕ࠩޡ‬ੜ͡Δͱߟ͑ΒΕͨɽะ৔ͷ౔৕ਫ෼ʹ౉ถͨ͠ࢲͷॳΊͯͷ໺֎ௐࠪͩͬͨɽ‫ڀݚ‬ର৅͸ɼ‫؍‬ଌʹ͓͍ͯɼ·ͬͨ͘૝ఆ֎ͷʠͲ͏΍ͬͯ౔৕ਫ෼ςΩαεभͷೆ੢෦͔Βதԝʹ͔͚ͯ޿͕Δ৵ೖྛʢϚྔΛଌఆ͢Δͷ͔ʁʡͱ͍͏ࠜຊతͳ໰୊ղܾʹऔΓ૊΢ϯςϯγμʔͳͲʣͷ‫ٵ‬ਫྔͷఆྔԽͰ͋Γɼͦͷ೉Ή͜ͱ͔Β‫ͨͬ·͕࢝ڀݚ‬ͷͰ͋Δɽղͳ໰୊ͱରቂ͢ΔͨΊʹɼେֶӃͰ͸౔৕෺ཧֶͷ࿮ࢲୡ͕ண໨ͨ͠ͷ͸ɼ1970 ೥୅ͷะ৔‫ʹڀݚ‬͸޿͘Λ௒͑ͨ‫ڥ‬քྖҬֶ໰ʢ২෺ੜཧֶɼ‫౔ڥ؀‬৕෺ཧֶͳ༻͍ΒΕ͍ͯͨதੑࢠਫ෼‫ͨͬ͋Ͱܭ‬ɽ౔தʹਫ෼ଌఆͲʣʹ͍ͭͯ஌ࣝΛਂΊΔඞཁ͕͋ͬͨɽ͜͜Ͱ͸ɼͦ෦ҐΛઃஔ͢ΔͨΊͷΞϧϛ੡தۭ؅Λຒઃ͢Δ͜ͱͷաఔͰࢲ͕‫֎಺ࠃͨ͡ײ‬ͷେֶӃ‫ڭ‬ҭʹ͓͚Δ‫ڀݚ‬ମͰɼੴ᛽౔தͷਫ෼ϓϩϑΝΠϧͷଌఆΛՄೳͱͨ͠ɽ੍ͷҧ͍΍౔৕෺ཧֶͷॏཁੑʹ͍ͭͯड़΂͍ͨɽ΋ͪதۭ؅ΑΓ΋ए‫ׯ‬େ͖ͳ࡟‫ؠ‬υϦϧΛඞཁͱ͢Δ࡟౔Ͱ

ΖΜɼ͢Ͱʹւ֎ͰֶҐΛऔಘ͞Εͯࠃ಺֎Ͱ͝‫׆‬༂͞͸ɼதۭ؅ͱ౔৕ʹੜ͡ΔؒܺΛհͨ͠ਁ५Λճආ͢Δ

Ε͍ͯΔઌഐॾࢯ΋͍Βͬ͠ΌΔ͕ɼࢲ‫ݸ‬ਓͷ 2 ౓ʹ౉ͨΊʹɼ๲ுੑϙϦ΢Ϩλϯ๐ʹΑΔؒܺີ෧๏ΛߟҊ

ΔେֶӃͷ‫ڀݚ‬ੜ‫͋Ͱ͑ߟͮ͘جʹ׆‬Δ͜ͱΛྃ͝ঝ௖ͨ͠ʢTokumoto et al., 2011ʣɽ͞Βʹɼੴ᛽தͷਫ෼ྔ͖͍ͨɽͷଌఆʹ͸ੴ᛽‫͕ྔؚ‬Ө‫͢ڹ‬ΔͷͰɼΨϯϚઢ๏΋ซ༻ΞϝϦΧͷେֶӃͷ‫ڀݚ‬͸ɼେ‫ن‬໛ͳ‫ڀݚ‬ϓϩδΣΫ͢Δ͜ͱͰਫ਼౓ߴ͍ଌఆख๏ΛఏҊͨ͠ʢTokumoto etτʹ͓͍ͯӡӦ͞ΕΔ͜ͱ͕ଟ͘ɼͦͷࡿԼʹେֶӃੜ

al., 2012ʣɽߍਖ਼ࣜͷਪఆͰۤ࿑ͨ͠ͷ͸ɼ࠾౔͕ࠔ೉ͳ͕‫ޏ‬ΘΕͯ‫͞ࢪ࣮͕ڀݚ‬ΕΔͷͰɼ࠾୒͞Εͨ‫ۚࢿڀݚ‬ੴ᛽౔৕Ͱ͸ะ৔ʹ͓͚Δߍਖ਼ࣜਪఆ๏ͷద༻͸ࠔ೉Ͱ͕‫ࣨڀݚ‬ͷֶੜ਺ʹ൓ө͞ΕΔɽͭ·Γɼ೔ຊͰ‫ݟ‬ΒΕ͋ΔͨΊɼυϥϜ؈ʹੴ᛽౔৕Λॆర͢Δ͜ͱͰ౔৕ਫΔߨ࠲੍ͱ͸ҟͳΓɼ‫͕ࣨڀݚ‬Ұਓͷ‫ڭ‬һʹΑͬͯಠཱ෼ྔͱੴ᛽‫ྔؚ‬Λௐ੔ͯ͠ɼதੑࢠਫ෼‫ܭ‬๏ͱΨϯϚઢͨ͠ӡӦମ੍Λͱ͓ͬͯΓɼ५୔ͳ‫ۚࢿڀݚ‬Λ༗͢Δ‫ݚ‬๏ͷߍਖ਼ࣜΛ‫ٻ‬Ίͨ͜ͱͰ͋Δɽ౔৕෺ཧͳΒͰ͸ͷ౔‫ʹࣨڀ‬ਓతࢿ‫·ू͕ݯ‬ΔߏਤͱͳΔɽ͜ͷΑ͏ͳ‫ڀݚ‬ମ٧Ίٕज़Ͱ 200 L ʹ૬౰͢ΔࢼྉͷࢁΛରॲ͠ɼࠜ‫ؾ‬Α੍ͷҡ࣋ʹ͸ɼ౔৕෺ཧɼ౔৕Խֶɼ২෺ੜཧֶͳͲͷ͘Կ౓΋ߍਖ਼࣮‫ݧ‬Λߦͬͨɽ࣋࿦Λड़΂ΔͳΒ͹ɼ౔৕ҟͳΔ෼໺ʹ͓͚Δ‫ڭ‬һಉ࢜ͷ‫͕ܨ‬ΓʹΑֶͬͯੜͷྲྀ෺ཧֶ࣮‫ݧ‬͸४උஈ֊ʹ͓͍ͯग़དྷߴͷ 8 ׂ͕ܾఆ͚ͮಈԽͷଅਐ΍৘ใަ‫ߦ͕׵‬ΘΕɼҟͳΔ‫͠͏Ͳࣨڀݚ‬ͷΒΕɼ࢒Γͷ 2 ׂ͸࣮‫ݧ‬਱ߦதͷࡉ΍͔ͳ‫؍‬ଌ΍ൃ‫ʹݟ‬‫͍ͳ͔͕ͤܽྗڠڀݚ‬Α͏Ͱ͋ΔɽͦΕʹ΋ؔΘΒͣɼΑͬͯ‫ྃ͢׬‬Δͱ‫͡ײ‬ΔɽͳͥͳΒ͹ɼ౔৕෺ཧֶ͕ରࢲ͕ॴଐͨ͠ඍ‫ؾ‬৅ֶͱ౔৕෺ཧֶΛѻ͏‫ʹࣨڀݚ‬͸୭৅ͱ͢Δ౔தͷෆ‫ۉ‬Ұͳ෺࣭Ҡಈʹ͓͍ͯɼ౔৕෺ཧֶҰਓͱֶͯ͠ੜ͕๚Ͷͯ͘Δ͜ͱ͸ແ͔ͬͨɽ‫ݪ‬Ҽ͸ɼతख๏͕‫׬‬ᘳʹཱ֬͞Εͨ΋ͷ͸ͳ͍ɽͦͷͨΊɼଌఆ೶ֶ෦ʹ͓͍ͯภඍ෼ํఔࣜΛଟ༻͢Δֶ໰ͷਓ‫ؾ‬௿Լ‫ࠩޡ‬ΛͰ͖Δ‫ݶ‬Γܰ‫ͤ͞ݮ‬ΔͨΊͷࢼߦࡨ‫ޡ‬΍࣮‫ܭݧ‬ըʹ͋ΔΒ͍͠ɽͦͷͨΊɼࡏ੶‫ؒظ‬தͷ࣮‫Ͱݧ‬͸‫܉ݽ‬ฃ͕ෆՄ͔ܽͩΒͰ͋Δɽ͜ͷΑ͏ͳߟ͑ʹࢸͬͨͷ΋ɼಆ͠ͳ͕Βࣗ෼ͷಛ৭Λ‫͔ͤ׆ʹڀݚ‬ΔΑ͏ʹ౒ΊɼDr.

ͨͱ͑͹େ‫ن‬໛ͳ‫ڀݚ‬ϓϩδΣΫτʹࢀըͨ͠৔߹ɼΞ

Heilman ʹΑΔϚϯπʔϚϯͷࢦಋͷԼͰ‫ڀݚ‬੒ՌΛ࿦Πιτʔϓɼ౔৕Խֶɼඍ‫ؾ‬৅ֶͳͲͰ༻͍ΒΕΔߴՁ

จͱ࣮ͯ݁ͤ͠͞Δ͜ͱʹਚྗͨ͠ɽͳ‫ثػ‬෼ੳ૷ஔ͕ओྲྀͷ෼໺ͱ૑࡞తͳଌఆ͕ओྲྀͷ౔େֶӃͰͷ‫ڀݚ‬͸ɼਫऩࢧʹΑΔ৵ೖྛͷࠜͷ‫ٵ‬ਫྔ৕෺ཧֶͷҧ͍Λ‫ͨͨ͡ײ͘ڧ‬ΊͰ͋Δɽͷ೺Ѳɼ͢ͳΘͪɼৠൃࢄྔɼ߱ਫྔɼ౔৕ஷਫྔɼ஍ਪఆͨ͠ߍਖ਼ࣜΛ༻͍ͯɼ3 ࣍‫͚͓ʹݩ‬Δੴ᛽தͷਫத΁ͷԼํਁಁྔͷ‫؍‬ଌʹΑͬͯɼʮ͍ͭʯɼʮͲ͔͜Βʯɼ෼ྔ΍ੴ᛽‫ྔؚ‬ͷۭؒมಈΛ໌Β͔ʹ͢Δ͜ͱͰɼ৵ೖʮͲͷఔ౓ʯͷࠜͷ‫ٵ‬ਫ͕ੜ͍ͯ͡Δͷ͔໌Β͔ʹ͢Δ΋ྛͷ‫ٵ‬ਫྔ͸ओʹ౔৕ද૚͔Βੜ͍ͯ͡Δ͜ͱ͕෼͔ͬ1 ௗऔେֶɹ‫ס‬૩஍‫ڀݚ‬ηϯλʔ

2013 ೥ 5 ݄ 28 ೔डߘɹ 2013 ೥ 6 ݄ 14 ೔डཧͨɽ͜ͷ݁Ռ͸ࢲͷԾઆʹ‫ͮ͘ج‬΋ͷͰ͋ΓɼςΩαε੓෎ͷํ਑ͱ͢Δʮ৵ೖྛെ࠾ʹΑΔ஍Լਫᔻཆͷҡ࣋ʯ52౔৕ͷ෺ཧੑɹୈ 124 ߸ɹ (2013)ͱ͸૬൓͢Δ஌‫ͨͬͳͱݟ‬ʢTokumoto, 2013ʣɽ͔͠͠ɼ

ࢼ‫ʹݧ‬Αͬͯߨ͕ٛߏ੒͞ΕΔɽେֶӃͷߨٛ͸ɼ஌ࣝͦͷՊֶతࠜ‫ڌ‬Λཱূ͢Δʹ͸ɼଞͷαόϯφͷৠൃࢄͷೖྗΛத৺ͱֶͨ͠෦ੜର৅ͷߨٛͱ͸ҟͳΓɼೖྗྔ΍৵ೖྛͷࠜͷ෼෍ͳͲͱซͤͯٞ࿦͢Δඞཁ͕͔͋ͬΒग़ྗ΁ͷస‫׵‬Λཁ‫͞ٻ‬ΕɼͦΕͧΕͷߨٛΛ௨ͯͨ͡ɽ৹ࠪҕһͷઌੜΛ͸͡Ίɼଞେֶͷ‫ڞ‬ಉ‫ͱऀڀݚ‬ଌ࿦จ͕ॻ͚Δ΄Ͳ಺༰͕ೱ͍ɽ͜Ε͸ɼ๯಄Ͱ΋ड़΂ͨఆਫ਼౓ͷ‫ূݕ‬΍࣮‫ݧ‬σʔλͷ௥ՃΛߦ͍ɼ౤ߘ࿦จͱ͠Α͏ʹ೔ຊͱΞϝϦΧͷ‫ڀݚ‬ମ੍ͷҧ͍ʹ‫ى‬Ҽ͢Δͷ͔ͯͷऔΓ·ͱΊʹ͸ 4 ೥ͷࡀ݄Λཁͨ͠ɽएख‫ऀڀݚ‬ͷ΋͠Εͳ͍ɽେ‫ن‬໛ͳ‫͍͓ͯʹۀࣄڀݚ‬ɼ‫ऀڀݚ‬Λʠ‫ݸ‬ʡब৬ʹ෼໺Λ໰Θͣଟ͘ͷ࿦จ਺͕‫ٻ‬ΊΒΕΔࡢࠓʹ͓ͱͯ͠ଚॏ͢ΔΑ͏ͳ‫ڭ‬ҭϓϩάϥϜͰ͸ɼ‫ڝ‬૪తࢿ͍ۚͯɼେ͖ͳ௧खͰ͋Δɽ֫ಘʹ‫ڥ‬քྖҬ‫ڀݚ‬෼໺ͷ༥߹ΛਤΕΔਓࡐ͕‫ٻ‬ΊΒΕͦͷؒʹ͸ɼ‫ڀݚ‬һͱͯ͠‫ޏ‬ΘΕ͍ͯͨ৵ೖྛͷ‫ٵ‬ਫྔධՁࣄ‫͕ۀ‬ऴΘΓΛࠂ͛ͨɽେֶӃͷੜ‫Ͱ׆‬͸ɼߴ͍ΔͨΊɼ‫ڀݚ‬਱ߦೳྗ޲্Λଅਐ͢Δମ‫ܥ‬తͳֶश‫ܭ‬ը͕‫ऀڀݚ‬ҭ੒ʹޮ཰త͔ͩΒͰ͋Δɽ

ֶඅʢ೥ؒ 210 ສԁఔ౓ʣΛ޻໘Ͱ͖ͳ͚Ε͹؆୯ʹऴࠓͰ͸স͍࿩ʹͳΔ͕ɼͭͨͳ͍ӳ‫͔͠ޠ‬࿩ͤͳ͍ࢲࢭූ͕ଧͨΕΔͨΊɼ‫ࡁܦ‬తͳӨ‫ڹ‬͸ࢮ‫׆‬໰୊ʹ஋͢Δɽ

͸ʮ͋Δत‫ۀ‬ͷ॓୊ͰΘ͔ͣҰ೔ͷ͏ͪʹ 100 ϖʔδ΋࣮ࡍʹɼಉ‫ظ‬ͷ༑ਓ͸ಉ͡Α͏ͳ‫ڥ‬۰ʹஔ͔ΕͯେֶΛຊΛಡ·ͳ͚Ε͹͍͚ͳ͍ʯͱจ‫ܥ‬ͷ༑ਓʹ΋Βͨ͜͠ҠͬͨɽযΓ͸ืΔҰํͰ͕͋ͬͨɼࢲࣗ਎ɼੜདྷͷ‫ؾ‬ͱ͕͋ͬͨɽͦΕʹରͯ͠༑ਓ͸ɼ
ʮ100 ϖʔδͳΒ͹େ࣭͔Β୯ʹམͪࠐΉ͜ͱ͸ͳ͔ͬͨɽ͙͢͞·ɼಠࣗʹৎ෉ͩΑͶɽࢲ͸ 300 ϖʔδಡ·ͳ͚Ε͹͍͚ͳ͍ɽʯͱ‫ڀݚ‬අΛ֫ಘ͢Δ͜ͱΛ໨ࢦͨ͠ɽςΩαεͷਫ॥‫ʹ؀‬͍ͬͨɽ‫ڀݚ‬һͱͯ͠‫ޏ‬ΘΕΔ਎Ͱ͸ɼ੒੷͸΄΅ 90 ఺ؔ͢Δ‫ڀݚ‬ͷԠืͰ͸݁Ռతʹམબ͕ͨ͠ɼͦΕʹೲಘҎ্Λ‫ٻ‬ΊΒΕΔͨΊʹॏѹͱ੹೚Λ‫͡ײ‬ΔͷͰɼେֶ͕ߦ͔ͣʹ໰͍߹ΘͤΔ Dr. Heilman Λ‫ʹ࣌ͨݟ‬͸ɼਤӃੜ͸ঘͷࣄɼษ‫ʹڧ‬਎͕ೖΔɽ஌Γ߹͍ͷ‫ʹऀڀݚ‬͸ɼଠ͘‫ڀݚ‬ੜ‫׆‬ΛૹΔ࢟ʹ༐‫͚ͮؾ‬ΒΕͨɽ࠾୒͞Εͨ‫ݚ‬େֶӃੜͷੜ‫׆‬Λද͢‫ݴ‬༿ʹʠBarely life, barely wifeʡ‫ऀڀ‬ͷ࿩ʹΑΔͱɼࢲͷ‫ܭڀݚ‬ըͰ͸ɼDr. Heilman ͷ͕͋Δͱ‫ݴ‬ΘΕͨɽ͜Ε͸ɼେֶӃੜ͕ʠਏ͏ͯ͡ੜ‫׆‬‫ܭ‬Β͍Αͬͯɼ͢΂ͯͷ‫ڀݚ‬༧ࢉ͕ࢲͷਓ݅අʹॆͯΒΛૹΓɼͲ͏ʹ͔࠺Λཆ͑Δʡͱ͍ͬͨɼ͍ΘΏΔֶۤΕͨͨΊͱͷ͜ͱͩͬͨɽDr. Heilman ͷਮͳ‫ܭ‬Β͍͕ੜΛࢦ͢‫ݴ‬༿ͱ͍͑Δɽ๣͔ΒେֶӃੜΛ‫ݟ‬Ε͹ɼ΋͠ཪ໨ʹग़ͨΑ͏Ͱ͕͋ͬͨɼ࣍ճ͸൴ͷ‫ظ‬଴ʹԠ͑Α͏͘͸࠺ͷཱ৔͔Β͸ɼେֶӃੜ͸ͦͷΑ͏ʹөΔͷ͔΋ͱࢥ͍͕ืΔ͹͔ΓͰ͋ͬͨɽ͠Εͳ͍ɽࣺͯΔਆ͋Ε͹र͏ਆ͋ΓɽόΠΦΤωϧΪʔʹؔ͢ҰํͰɼ೔ຊͷେֶӃɼͱ͘ʹ஍ํେֶͷେֶӃͰΔ೶‫౔ۀ‬৕༝དྷͷԹࣨޮՌΨεʢGHGsʣൃੜྔͷ཈੍͸ɼߨٛΛड͚ΔΑ͏ͳ‫ػ‬ձ͸΄΅ແ͍ʹ౳͍͠ɽͦͷࣄ‫קʹۀ‬༠͞ΕͨͷͰɼਫ෼ҠಈΛ‫؍‬ଌ͢ΔͨΊͷ‫ڀݚ‬ͨΊɼେֶӃͷ࣌ؒͷେ൒͸‫ׂ͔ʹڀݚ‬ΕΔɽେֶӃੜһͱͯ͠ಇ͘͜ͱʹͳͬͨɽത࢜՝ఔͷ‫ͱڀݚ‬ಉ࣌ਐߦֶ͕෦ੜͷࢦಋʹ͋ͨΓɼ‫ࣨڀݚ‬ͷ࣮‫ٕݧ‬ज़౳຺͕ʑͱ

ʹ GHGs ࣄ‫ۀ‬΋਱ߦ͞ΕΔͨΊɼ2 ଍ͷ૲᯷Λཤ͘͜ड͚‫͕ܧ‬ΕΔ͜ͱͰ‫ࣨڀݚ‬ͷӡӦମ੍͕੔͏ɽେֶӃੜͱΛҙຯͨ͠ɽ͔͠͠ɼࢲͷ‫ڀݚ‬ͷ෯͸͞Βʹ޿͕ͬͨ͸ɼ͍Θ͹ɼ‫ࣨڀݚ‬ͷཱ໾ऀͱͯ͠‫ڭ‬ҭతͳଆ໘͕ഓΘͱࢥ͏ɽਖ਼֬ʹ͸ɼࢲͷ‫ݱ‬৔ʹ͓͚Δ໰୊ରॲೳྗ͕ΑΕΔͷ͔΋͠Εͳ͍ɽΓߴ·ͬͨͱ‫͕͏΄͏ݴ‬ద੾͔΋͠Εͳ͍ɽ౔৕Պֶʹ͜ΕΒΛ౿·ֶ͑ͯੜͷࢹ఺Ͱ೔ຊͷେֶӃ‫ڭ‬ҭΛߟؔ͢Δ໰୊Λѻ͏্ͰɼGHGs ࣄ‫ۀ‬͸·͞ʹɼ౔৕෺ཧ͑Δͱɼत‫ۀ‬ͷ಺༰ʹ͸೔ຊͱΞϝϦΧͰਵ෼ͱ։ֶ͖͕ऀͷߩ‫ظ͕ݙ‬଴͞ΕΔԠ༻෼໺ͷҰͭͰ͋Ζ͏ɽͨͩ͋ΔɽͦͷཁҼʹ͸ɼΞϝϦΧͷେֶͰ͸ࢦಋ‫ڭ‬һͷ‫ڭ‬͠ɼࢲͷ‫ݸ‬ਓతͳߟ͑Ͱ͸ɼ౔৕෺ཧֶతͳࣨ಺࣮‫͔ݧ‬ҭͱ‫ڀݚ‬ͷൺ཰͕໌֬ʹఆΊΒΕ͓ͯΓɼ೔ຊΑΓ΋‫ڭ‬Β໺֎࣮‫΁ݧ‬ͷҠߦ͕‫ٻ‬ΊΒΕ͍ͯΔͱ͍͏ΑΓ΋ɼΉҭʹޮ཰తʹ࣌ؒΛׂ͚ɼ‫ʹڀݚ‬΋औ૊Έқ੍͍౓͕͋͠Ζ‫ݱ‬৔໰୊ʹରॲͰ͖Δ៛ີͳࣨ಺࣮‫ݧ‬΍‫ʹݧ࣮ૅج‬ΔͨΊͱߟ͑ΒΕΔɽ‫ʹٯ‬ɼ೔ຊͷࠓͷ‫ڭ‬ҭମ੍ʹΞϝՁ஋͕ஔ͔ΕΔ΂͖Ͱ͋ΔɽͦΕ͸ɼ࣮‫ݧ‬԰Ͱ͋Δ౔৕ϦΧͷ‫ڝ‬૪త‫ڭڀݚ‬ҭΛ࣋ͪࠐΊ͹ɼઌੜํͷ๩͠͞ʹ෺ཧֶऀ͸ɼ໺֎ʹ͓͚Δ౔৕ਫ෼ྔ‫؍‬ଌʹՃ͑ͯɼࣨྠΛ͔͚Δ͜ͱͰ‫ڀݚ‬ͷ࣭͕௿Լ͢ΔΑ͏ʹࢥ͑ͯͳ಺ΧϥϜ࣮‫ʹݧ‬ΑΔਫ਼ີͳ౔৕ਫ෼΍ѹྗͳͲͷଌఆΛΒͳ͍ɽ݁‫ہ‬ɼ೔ຊͷେֶӃ‫ڭ‬ҭͷߦ͘຤͸ࠓͷࢲʹ෼Մೳͱ͢Δٕज़Λ࣋ͭͷͰɼෳࡶͳ౔தͷ෺࣭Ҡಈ‫ߏػ‬͔Βͳ͍͕ɼֶੜʹ͸༔௕ʹͦͷվֵΛ଴͍ͬͯΔ࣌ؒͷཁҼղ໌ͷͨΊͷ໛ٖ࣮‫ݧ‬Λࣨ಺Ͱ࣮ࢪ͠΍͍͢఺ʹ͸ແ͍ɽࠓͰ͸ɼੈքతʹ༗໊ͳେֶͷߨ͕ٛΠϯλʔ͋Δɽͨͱ͑͹ɼ‫ط‬ଘͷ GHGs ൃੜྔ༧ଌϞσϧʹ͓ωοτ্ʹແྉ഑৴͞ΕΔͳͲɼษ‫ؔ͢ʹڧ‬Δ‫ࡐڭ‬͸Ҳ͍ͯෆ๞࿨ਫ෼Ҡಈͷ‫Ͱࢉܭ‬ෆ۩߹͕ੜͨ͡Γ͢Δͷ͸Ε͍ͯΔɽඇৗʹແ੹೚ͳൃ‫Ͱݴ‬ਃ͠༁ͳ͍͕ɼൺֱతʢಙຊΒɼ2008ʣɼ౔৕෺ཧֶΛઐ໳ͱ͢Δ‫ऀڀݚ‬ͷؔΘࣗ༝ͳ‫ؒ࣌ڀݚ‬Λ༗͢Δ೔ຊͷֶੜ͸ͦΕΒͷ৘ใͳͲΓ͕গͳ͍ͨΊͰ͋Ζ͏ɽΛඞཁʹԠͯ͡࠷େ‫͢༻׆ʹݶ‬Δ͜ͱͰ஌ࣝΛ஝͑ɼ‫ݚ‬‫ऀڀݚ‬ͷ‫ૅج‬Λഓ͏େֶӃ‫ڭ‬ҭʹ΋গ͠৮Ε͍ͨɽΞ‫ڀ‬Λ௨ͯ͠੒ՌΛൃ‫ͯ͠ش‬௖͚ͨΒͱ‫͏ئ‬ɽϝϦΧͷେֶӃ‫ڭ‬ҭ͸ɼࢲ͕ςΩαε A&M େֶʹೖֶຊߘͰ͸ɼࢲͷ௕೥ʹΘͨΔֶੜੜ‫׆‬Λ௨ͯ͠ɼࢲ͕͢Δʹ͋ͨͬͯͷҰ൪ͷؔ৺ࣄͰ͋ͬͨɽઌੜํʹΑͬ‫ͨ͡ײ‬ΞϝϦΧͱ೔ຊͱͷ‫ڭ‬ҭͷҧ͍ͱ౔৕෺ཧֶʹͯࢦಋͷΞϓϩʔν͸ҟͳΔ͕ɼ‫ج‬ຊతʹߨٛͷֶश‫ܭ‬

ର͢Δࢥ͍Λड़΂ͨɽࢲࣗ਎ɼ౔৕෺ཧֶͷ‫ͤັʹڀݚ‬ըͰ͸ɼߨٛɼ࣮‫ݧ‬ɼ࿦จͷྠಡͱٞ࿦ɼत‫ۀ‬ϓϩδΣΫΒΕͯ‫ʹڀݚ‬຅಄͢ΔҰํͰɼ‫ڀݚ‬ੜ‫׆‬͸ະͩʹߝ౉ΓτɼϓϩδΣΫτͷใࠂॻ࡞੒͓Αͼൃදɼதؒɾ‫ظ‬຤ঢ়ଶ͕ଓ͘ɽͦͷͨΊʹɼ࢒೦ͳ͕ΒେखΛৼֶͬͯੜ౔ཻࢠɿ2 ͭ໨ͷത࢜߸Λऔಘͯ͠53Ҿ༻จ‫ݙ‬͕ΞϝϦΧͰത࢜߸ͷऔಘΛ໨ࢦ͢ͷΛ‫ޙ‬ԡ͠Ͱ͖Δཱ৔ʹ͍ͳ͍ɽ͔͠͠ͳ͕Βɼए͍͏ͪʹւ֎Ͱ‫ڀݚ‬ΛऔΓ૊Έɼଟ͘ͷ‫੾ͱऀڀݚ‬᛭ୖຏ͢Δ͜ͱ͸ɼ‫ͱऀڀݚ‬Tokumoto I. (2013): Root water uptake and soil water dynam-ͯ͠ඇৗʹ༗ҙٛͳ‫ݧܦ‬ΛੵΉ͜ͱʹ‫͕ܨ‬Δͱஅ‫͖Ͱݴ‬

ics on the Edwards Plateau, Texas. Ph.D. dissertation, TexasΔɽ‫ڝ‬૪‫ݪ‬ཧ͕ಇ͘‫ڀݚ‬ੜ‫͍͓ͯʹ׆‬ɼʠ҆ఆʡͱ͍͏‫ݴ‬

A&M University.

༿Λ୳͢ͷ͸೉͍͕͠ɼ֮‫͋͑͞ޛ‬Ε͹લ޲͖ʹ‫͕ڀݚ‬

Tokumoto I., Heilman J.L., McInnes K.J. and Kamps R.H. (2011):ߦ͑Δɽຊߘ͕ւ֎Λ໨ࢦ͢एख‫ऀڀݚ‬ͷࢀߟʹͳΕ͹

Sealing neutron probe access-tubes in rocky soils using ex-޾͍Ͱ͋Δɽ࠷‫ʹޙ‬ɼࢲ͕‫ڀݚ‬ͷาΈΛ‫ܧ‬ଓͰ͖ͨͷ͸ɼଟ͘ͷઌഐ΍༑ਓ͔Βྭ·͠ͷ‫ݴ‬༿Λࣀ͔ͬͨΒͰ͋Δɽ͜ͷ৔ΛआΓͯɼ৺͔Β͓ྱΛਃ্͛͠Δɽ·ͨɼࣥචͷ‫ػ‬ձΛ༩͑ͯͩͬͨ͘͞ฤूҕһձʹ৺ΑΓ‫ͯ͠ँײ‬ɼຊߘͷ݁ͼͱ͢Δɽ

pandable polyurethane foam., Soil Sci. Soc. A. J., 75: 1922–1925.
Tokumoto I., Heilman J.L., McInnes K.J., Morgan C.L.S. andKamps R.H. (2012): Calibration and use of neutron moistureand gamma density probes in rocky soils. Soil Sci. Soc. A. J.,76: 2136–2142.
ಙຊՈ߁, ໼࡚༑࢚ɼՃ౻޹ɼঙࢠါ‫ر‬ɼొඌߒॿ (2008): ਫా͔ΒͷԹࣨޮՌΨεൃੜྔਪఆ΁ͷ DNDC Ϟσϧద༻Մೳੑͷ‫ݕ‬౼, ໌࣏େֶ೶ֶ෦‫ڀݚ‬ใࠂ, 58: 37–46.