Please refer to the definition file.

11. She is my senior manager.
2. Her fellow trainer also lives in the village.
3. She learned to be independent as she grew up.
4. Their teacher is very smart.
5. The person involved in the crime is my friend.
6. Our university professor has been ill.
7. The people were shocked when he died.
8. My best friend is a gentleman.
9. We have two female cats.

21. We have cats. Repeat.
2. We have cats. Add: two. --- [We have two cats.]
3. We have two cats. Add: female. --- [We have two female cats.]
4. We have two female cats. Add: and one dog. --- [We have two female cats andone dog.]
5. We have two female cats and one dog. Add: male. --- [We have two female
cats and one male dog.]
6. We have two female cats and one male dog. Add: at home. --- [We have two
female cats and one male dog at home.]31. The people were shocked when he died.
2. The children were shocked when he died.
3. The children were shocked when she died.
4. The teachers were shocked when she died.
5. The men were shocked when she died.
6. The women were shocked when she died.
7. The managers were shocked when she died.

4

1. That is my manager. Repeat.
2. That is my manager. Add: senior. --- [That is my senior manager.]
3. That is my senior manager. Add: woman. --- [That woman is my senior
manager.]
4. That woman is my senior manager. Add: old. --- [That old woman is my senior
manager.]
5. That old woman is my senior manager. Add: now. --- [That old woman is mysenior manager now.]51. My teacher is involved in the crime. Repeat.
2. My teacher is involved in the crime. Change: cousin. --- [My cousin is
involved in the crime.]
3. My cousin is involved in the crime. Change: neighbor. --- [My neighbor isinvolved in the crime.]
4. My neighbor is involved in the crime. Change: brother. --- [My brother isinvolved in the crime.]
5. My brother is involved in the crime. Change: his. --- [His brother is involved in
the crime.]
6. His brother is involved in the crime. Change: friend. --- [His friend is involvedin the crime.]
7. His friend is involved in the crime. Change: our. --- [Our friend is involved in
the crime.]61. Our university professor has been ill. Repeat.
2. Our university professor has been ill. Change: their. --- [Their university
professor has been ill.]
3. Their university professor has been ill. Change: college. --- [Their college
professor has been ill.]
4. Their college professor has been ill. Change: friend. --- [Their college friend
has been ill.]
5. Their college friend has been ill. Change: is. --- [Their college friend is ill.]
6. Their college friend is ill. Change: smart. --- [Their college friend is smart.]
7. Their college friend is smart. Change: my. --- [My college friend is smart.]
8. My college friend is smart. Add: independent. --- [My college friend is smart
and independent.]
9. My college friend is smart and independent. Transform: who. --- [Who issmart and independent?]
10. My college friend is smart and independent. Change: his. --- [His college
friend is smart and independent.]7

1. Do you have female cats at home? Yes, I have --- [Yes, I have female cats at
home.]
2. Are your friends gentlemen? Yes, my friends --- [Yes, my friends are
gentlemen.]
3. Is your friend your fellow worker in your company? No, my friend --- [No, myfriend is not my fellow worker in my company.]8

1. Do you have female cats at home? --- [Yes, I have female cats at home.]
2. Are your friends gentlemen? --- [Yes, my friends are gentlemen.]
3. Is your friend your fellow worker in your company? --- [No, my friend is not
my fellow worker in my company.]91. Are you an independent person?
2. Was your professor at university smart?
3. About how many fellow workers do you have in your company?
4. Are you always healthy?
5. Are you sometimes ill?

10

Please refer to the definition file.

11

12

1. My friend’s mother gave me a sweatshirt on my birthday.
2. Children should cross the street with an adult.
3. That chap across the street is my friend.
4. My fellow citizens are famous for being hardworking.
5. An accident happened yesterday but we are happy we’re still alive.
6. I saw a blind man crossing the street yesterday.
7. The company president shared a brilliant plan for leadership training.
8. I know he is clever because of the way he answers the questions.
9. The lady was confused by the question he asked.
10. The question he asked was confusing.
11. The issue gave the employees confusion.
12. The people were disappointed with the salary they got.

13

1. The president shared a plan with us. Repeat.
2. The president shared a plan with us. Add: company. --- [The company
president shared a plan with us.]3. The company president shared a plan with us. Add: brilliant. --- [Thecompany president shared a brilliant plan with us.]4. The company president shared a brilliant plan with us. Add: for the training. -- [The company president shared a brilliant plan with us for the training.]

14

1. That boy across the street is my friend. Repeat.
2. That boy across the street is my friend. Change: man. --- [That man acrossthe street is my friend.]
3. That man across the street is my friend. Change: chap. --- [That chap acrossthe street is my friend.]
4. That chap across the street is my friend. Change: cousin. --- [That chap
across the street is my cousin.]
5. That chap across the street is my cousin. Change: brother. --- [That chap
across the street is my brother.]
6. That chap across the street is my brother. Change: uncle. --- [That chap
across the street is my uncle.]15

1. I saw a man. Repeat.
2. I saw a man. Add: blind. --- [I saw a blind man.]
3. I saw a blind man. Add: crossing the street. --- [I saw a blind man crossing
the street.]
4. I saw a blind man crossing the street. Add: yesterday. --- [I saw a blind man
crossing the street yesterday.]
5. I saw a blind man crossing the street yesterday. Add: woman. --- [I saw ablind man and a woman crossing the street yesterday.]16

1. I crossed the street. Repeat.
2. I crossed the street. Add: the children. --- [The children and I crossed thestreet.]3. The children and I crossed the street. Add: with an adult. --- [The children andI crossed the street with an adult.]
4. The children and I crossed the street with an adult. Add: yesterday. --- [Thechildren and I crossed the street with an adult yesterday.]
5. The children and I crossed the street with an adult yesterday. Add: morning. -- [The children and I crossed the street with an adult yesterday morning.]

17

1. My mother gave me a sweatshirt on my birthday. Repeat.
2. My mother gave me a sweatshirt on my birthday. Change: sister. --- [My sistergave me a sweatshirt on my birthday.]
3. My sister gave me a sweatshirt on my birthday. Change: father. --- [My father
gave me a sweatshirt on my birthday.]
4. My father gave me a sweatshirt on my birthday. Add: new phone. --- [Myfather gave me a sweatshirt and a new phone on my birthday.]
5. My father gave me a sweatshirt and a new phone on my birthday. Transform:
what. --- What did my father give me on my birthday?]
6. My father gave me a sweatshirt and a new phone on my birthday. Transform:
who. --- [Who gave me a sweatshirt and a new phone on my birthday?]
7. My father gave me a sweatshirt and a new phone on my birthday. Transform:
when. --- [When did my father give me a sweatshirt and a new phone?]18

1. The president’s speech gave me confusion. Repeat.
2. The president’s speech gave me confusion. Change: manager. --- [Themanager’s speech gave me confusion.]
3. The manager’s speech gave me confusion. Change: shop owner. --- [Theshop owner’s speech gave me confusion.]
4. The shop owner’s speech gave me confusion. Change: made me confused. -- [The shop owner’s speech made me confused.]
5. The shop owner’s speech made me confused. Change: president. --- [Thepresident’s speech made me confused.]
6. The president’s speech made me confused. Change: was confusing. --- [Thepresident’s speech was confusing.]
7. The president’s speech was confusing. Transform: whose. --- [Whose speech
was confusing?]
8. The president’s speech was confusing. Add: not. --- [The president’s speech
was not confusing.]
9. The president’s speech was not confusing. Add: it was clear. --- [Thepresident’s speech was not confusing; it was clear.]
10. The president’s speech was not confusing; it was clear. Change:
explanation. --- [The president’s explanation was not confusing; it was clear.]19

1. His mother died last year, but his father is still alive. Repeat.
2. His mother died last year, but his father is still alive. Change: her. --- [Hermother died last year, but her father is still alive.]
3. Her mother died last year, but her father is still alive. Change: their. --- [Theirmother died last year, but their father is still alive.]
4. Their mother died last year, but their father is still alive. Change: our. --- [Ourmother died last year, but our father is still alive.]
5. Our mother died last year, but our father is still alive. Change: month. --- [Ourmother died last month, but our father is still alive.]
6. Our mother died last month, but our father is still alive. Change: his. --- [Hismother died last month, but his father is still alive.]201. Are all your friends clever? No, not all my friends --- [No, not all my friends
are clever; some are clever and some are not.]2. Do you have a clever friend? Yes, --- [Yes, I have a clever friend.]
3. Are all your fellow citizens clever? No, not all --- [No, not all my fellow citizens
are clever; some are clever and some are not.]4. Are you a good citizen of your country? Yes, --- [Yes, I’m a good citizen of mycountry.]
5. Was there anything you experienced before that disappointed you? Yes,
there was something --- [Yes, there was something I experienced before thatdisappointed me.]
6. What do you think usually disappoints people? I thinketc. usually disappoint people.]--- [I think21

1. What are the things that have disappointed you in the past?
2. When can you say that a person is clever?
3. What kind of citizens do you have friendships with?
4. Are there other citizens in your country?
5. If you were to be a different citizen, what kind of citizen would you be? Why?

22

23

Few" is used with things which we can count , such as, pens,books, chairs, etc.
"Little" is used with things which we can’t count , such as
water, sugar, milk, etc.
"A few" simply means “not many” whereas "few" often means “not enough” or“fewer than expected”.
Examples: “I have a few books” means not many but some, whereas “I havefew books” means not enough books or fewer than expected.
"A little" simply means “not much”, whereas "little" often means “not enough”
or “less than expected”.
If I say there’s a little sugar on the table; it means there’s not much but some. If
I say there’s little sugar on the table;
it means not have enough sugar and that I need more.
"A few" and "a little" often have positive meanings whereas "few" and "little"
have often negative meanings.
However, when "a few" and "a little" are used with the words “just” and “only”,
they often have negative meanings.
Examples: “There are just a few books in my bag”, “There are only a few books
in my bag”, “There’s only a little sugar on the table”, etc.

24

1. I have a little time to study today.
2. I have little time to study today.
3. There are a few books in my room.
4. There are just a few books in my room.
5. There are few books in my room.
6. There’s a little milk in the refrigerator.
7. There’s just a little milk in the refrigerator.
8. There’s only a little milk in the refrigerator.
9. There’s little milk in the refrigerator.
10. There’s too little milk in the refrigerator.

25

1. There’s little milk in the refrigerator. Repeat.
2. There’s little milk in the refrigerator. Add: too. --- [There’s too little milk in the
refrigerator.]
3. There’s too little milk in the refrigerator. Change: a. --- [There’s a little milk in
the refrigerator.]
4. There’s a little milk in the refrigerator. Add: only. --- [There’s only a little milkin the refrigerator.]
5. There’s only a little milk in the refrigerator. Change: just. --- [There’s just alittle milk in the refrigerator.]
6. There’s just a little milk in the refrigerator. Change: food. --- [There’s just alittle food in the refrigerator.]26

1. There are too few books in the room. Repeat.
2. There are too few books in the room. Change: a. --- [There are a few books in
the room.]
3. There are a few books in the room. Change: tables. --- [There are a few tablesin the room.]
4. There are a few tables in the room. Change: chairs. --- [There are a few chairsin the room.]
5. There are a few chairs in the room. Change: computers. --- [There are a few
computers in the room.]
6. There are a few computers in the room. Change: pencils. --- [There are a few
pencils in the room.]27

1. There are a few pencils in the room. Repeat.
2. There are a few pencils in the room. Change: pens. --- [There are a few pensin the room.]
3. There are a few pens in the room. Change: chairs. --- [There are a few chairsin the room.]
4. There are a few chairs in the room. Add: just. --- [There are just a few chairsin the room.]
5. There are just a few chairs in the room. Change: only. --- [There are only a few
chairs in the room.]
6. There are only a few chairs in the room. Change: things. --- [There are only a
few things in the room.]
7. There are only a few things in the room. Change: our. --- [There are only a few
things in our room.]
8. There are only a few things in our room. Change: house. --- [There are only a
few things in our house.]28

1. There’s little milk in the fridge. Repeat.
2. There’s little milk in the fridge. Change: positive meaning. [There’s a little
milk in the fridge.]
3. There’s a little milk in the fridge. Change: past tense. [There was a little milkin the fridge.]
4. There was a little milk in the fridge. Change: negative meaning. [There waslittle milk in the fridge.]
5. There was little milk in the fridge. Add: too. [There was too little milk in thefridge.]
6. There was too little milk in the fridge. Add: and food. [There was too little milk
and food in the fridge.]29

1. Is there a little milk in the fridge? Yes, there’s a little --- [Yes, there’s a little
milk in the fridge.]
2. Is there little milk in the fridge? No, there isn’t --- [No, there isn’t little milk in
the fridge.]
3. Are there a few books in the room? Yes, there are --- [Yes, there are a few
books in the room.]
4. Are there just a few pens in the room? Yes, there are --- [Yes, there are just a
few pens in the room.]
5. Are there only a few tables in the room? Yes, there are --- [Yes, there are only
a few tables in the room.]
6. Are there a few people in the office? No, there aren’t a few --- [No, there aren’ta few people in the office; there are many people in the office.]
7. Is there a little sugar on the table? Yes, there’s a little --- [Yes, there’s a little
sugar on the table.]
8. Do you drink little water? No, I don’t drink --- [No, I don’t drink little water; I
drink a lot of water.]
9. Do you drink much milk every day? No, I don’t drink --- [No, I don’t drink
much milk every day; I drink just a little.]
10. Do you eat a lot of food for dinner? No, I don’t eat --- [No, I don’t eat a lot offood for dinner; I eat just a little food for dinner.]30

1. Is there a little milk in the fridge? --- [Yes, there’s a little milk in the fridge.]
2. Is there little milk in the fridge? --- [No, there isn’t little milk in the fridge.]
3. Are there a few books in the room? --- [Yes, there are a few books in theroom.]
4. Are there just a few pens in the room? --- [Yes, there are just a few pens in
the room.]
5. Are there only a few tables in the room? --- [Yes, there are only a few tables in
the room.]
6. Are there a few people in the office? --- [No, there aren’t a few people in theoffice; there are many people in the office.]
7. Is there a little sugar on the table? --- [Yes, there’s a little sugar on the table.]
8. Do you drink little water? --- [No, I don’t drink little water; I drink a lot ofwater.]
9. Do you drink much milk every day? --- [No, I don’t drink much milk every day;I drink just a little.]
10. Do you eat a lot of food for dinner? --- [No, I don’t eat a lot of food fordinner; I eat just a little food for dinner.]

31

32

[1. There are just a few pens in the room.][2. There is a little milk in the fridge.][3. There are only a few things in our house.][4. There was too little milk and food in the fridge.][5. I eat just a little food for dinner.]33

1. Do you eat a lot of food for dinner?
2. Do you drink a lot of water every day?
3. What’s the difference between ‘’a few and few’’?
4. What’s the difference between ‘’a little and little’’?
5. Do you have a lot of time to study English every day?
6. Do you have a little time to study English every day?

34

35

36

37

38

1. She is my senior manager.
2. Her fellow trainer also lives in the village.
3. She learned to be independent as she grew up.
4. Their teacher is very smart.
5. The person involved in the crime is my friend.
6. Our university professor has been ill.
7. The people were shocked when he died.
8. My best friend is a gentleman.
9. We have two female cats.

39

1. Our university professor has been ill. Repeat.
2. Our university professor has been ill. Change: their. --- [Their university
professor has been ill.]
3. Their university professor has been ill. Change: college. --- [Their college
professor has been ill.]
4. Their college professor has been ill. Change: friend. --- [Their college friend
has been ill.]
5. Their college friend has been ill. Change: is. --- [Their college friend is ill.]
6. Their college friend is ill. Change: smart. --- [Their college friend is smart.]
7. Their college friend is smart. Change: my. --- [My college friend is smart.]
8. My college friend is smart. Add: independent. --- [My college friend is smart
and independent.]
9. My college friend is smart and independent. Transform: who. --- [Who issmart and independent?]
10. My college friend is smart and independent. Change: his. --- [His college
friend is smart and independent.]40

1. My mother gave me a sweatshirt on my birthday. Repeat.
2. My mother gave me a sweatshirt on my birthday. Change: sister. --- [My sistergave me a sweatshirt on my birthday.]
3. My sister gave me a sweatshirt on my birthday. Change: father. --- [My father
gave me a sweatshirt on my birthday.]
4. My father gave me a sweatshirt on my birthday. Add: new phone. --- [Myfather gave me a sweatshirt and a new phone on my birthday.]
5. My father gave me a sweatshirt and a new phone on my birthday. Transform:
what. --- [What did my father give me on my birthday?]
6. My father gave me a sweatshirt and a new phone on my birthday. Transform:
who. --- [Who gave me a sweatshirt and a new phone on my birthday?]
7. My father gave me a sweatshirt and a new phone on my birthday. Transform:
when. --- [When did my father give me a sweatshirt and a new phone?]41

1. There are a few pencils in the room. Repeat.
2. There are a few pencils in the room. Change: pens. --- [There are a few pensin the room.]
3. There are a few pens in the room. Change: chairs. --- [There are a few chairsin the room.]
4. There are a few chairs in the room. Add: just. --- [There are just a few chairsin the room.]
5. There are just a few chairs in the room. Change: only. --- [There are only a few
chairs in the room.]
6. There are only a few chairs in the room. Change: things. --- [There are only a
few things in the room.]
7. There are only a few things in the room. Change: our. --- [There are only a few
things in our room.]
8. There are only a few things in our room. Change: house. --- [There are only a
few things in our house.]42

1. Do you have female cats at home? Yes, I have --- [Yes, I have female cats at
home.]
2. Are your friends gentlemen? Yes, my friends --- [Yes, my friends are
gentlemen.]
3. Is your friend your fellow worker in your company? No, my friend --- [No, myfriend is not my fellow worker in my company.]43

1. My teacher is involved in the crime. Repeat.
2. My teacher is involved in the crime. Change: cousin. --- [My cousin is
involved in the crime.]
3. My cousin is involved in the crime. Change: neighbor. --- [My neighbor isinvolved in the crime.]
4. My neighbor is involved in the crime. Change: brother. --- [My brother isinvolved in the crime.]
5. My brother is involved in the crime. Change: his. --- [His brother is involved in
the crime.]
6. His brother is involved in the crime. Change: friend. --- [His friend is involvedin the crime.]
7. His friend is involved in the crime. Change: our. --- [Our friend is involved in
the crime.]44

1. The president’s speech confused me. Repeat.
2. The president’s speech confused me. Change: manager. --- [The manager’s
speech confused me.]3. The manager’s speech confused me. Change: shop owner. --- [The shop
owner’s speech confused me.]4. The shop owner’s speech confused me. Change: made me confused. --- [Theshop owner’s speech made me confused.]
5. The shop owner’s speech made me confused. Change: president. --- [Thepresident’s speech made me confused.]
6. The president’s speech made me confused. Change: was confusing. --- [Thepresident’s speech was confusing.]
7. The president’s speech was confusing. Transform: whose. --- [Whose speech
was confusing?]
8. The president’s speech was confusing. Add: not. --- [The president’s speech
was not confusing.]
9. The president’s speech was not confusing. Add: it was clear. --- [Thepresident’s speech was not confusing; it was clear.]
10. The president’s speech was not confusing; it was clear. Change:
explanation. --- [The president’s explanation was not confusing; it was clear.]45

1. Are all your friends clever? No, not all my friends --- [No, not all my friends
are clever; some are clever and some are not.]2. Do you have a clever friend? Yes, --- [Yes, I have a clever friend.]
3. Are all your fellow citizens clever? No, not all --- [No, not all my fellow citizens
are clever; some are clever and some are not.]4. Are you a good citizen of your country? Yes, --- [Yes, I’m a good citizen of mycountry.]
5. Was there anything you experienced before that disappointed you? Yes,
there was something --- [Yes, there was something I experienced before thatdisappointed me.]
6. What do you think usually disappoints people? I think --- [I thinkusually disappoint people.]

etc.

46

1. There’s little milk in the fridge. Repeat.
2. There’s little milk in the fridge. Change: positive meaning. --- [There’s a little
milk in the fridge.]
3. There’s a little milk in the fridge. Change: past tense. --- [There was a little
milk in the fridge.]
4. There was a little milk in the fridge. Change: negative meaning. --- [There waslittle milk in the fridge.]
5. There was little milk in the fridge. Add: too. --- [There was too little milk in thefridge.]
6. There was too little milk in the fridge. Add: and food. --- [There was too little
milk and food in the fridge.]47

1. Is there a little milk in the fridge? Yes, there’s a little --- [Yes, there’s a little
milk in the fridge.]
2. Is there little milk in the fridge? No, there is --- [No, there is a lot of milk in thefridge.]3. Are there a few books in the room? Yes, there are --- [Yes, there are a few
books in the room.]
4. Are there just a few pens in the room? Yes, there are --- [Yes, there are just a
few pens in the room.]
5. Are there only a few tables in the room? Yes, there are --- [Yes, there are only
a few tables in the room.]
6. Are there a few people in the office? No, there aren’t a few --- [No, there aren’ta few people in the office; there are many people in the office.]
7. Is there a little sugar on the table? Yes, there’s a little --- [Yes, there’s a little
sugar on the table.
8. Do you drink little water?] No, --- [No, I drink a lot of water.]
9. Do you drink much milk every day? No, I don’t drink --- [No, I don’t drink
much milk every day; I drink just a little.]
10. Do you eat a lot of food for dinner? No, I don’t eat --- [No, I don’t eat a lot offood for dinner; I eat just a little food for dinner.]48

1. We have cats. Repeat.
2. We have cats. Add: two. --- [We have two cats.]
3. We have two cats. Add: female. --- [We have two female cats.]
5. We have two female cats. Add: and one dog. --- [We have two female cats andone dog.]
6. We have two female cats and one dog. Add: male. --- [We have two female
cats and one male dog.]
7. We have two female cats and one male dog. Add: at home. --- [We have two
female cats and one male dog at home.]49

1. That boy across the street is my friend. Repeat.
2. That boy across the street is my friend. Change: man. --- [That man acrossthe street is my friend.]
3. That man across the street is my friend. Change: chap. --- [That chap acrossthe street is my friend.]
4. That chap across the street is my friend. Change: cousin. --- [That chap
across the street is my cousin.]
5. That chap across the street is my cousin. Change: brother. --- [That chap
across the street is my brother.]
6. That chap across the street is my brother. Change: uncle. --- [That chap
across the street is my uncle.]50

1. The person involved in the crime is my friend.
2. She learned to be independent as she grew up.
3. That chap across the street is my friend.
4. The company president shared a brilliant plan for leadership training.
5. There’s only a little milk in the refrigerator.
6. I know he is clever because of the way he answers the questions.
7. Our university professor has been ill.

51

Please refer to the definition file.

52

1. His enthusiasm for music has stayed strong since he was young.
2. She seemed to be enthusiastic about the movie.
3. A person’s religion focuses on the spiritual side of life.
4. Crossing the street with an adult is a logical thing to do.
5. He is very polite to their customers.
6. The child’s toys are made of tough plastic.
7. My friend is a tough woman.

53

8. Many terrorists were killed by their own bombs.
9. Our president has a lot of supporters.
10. Her child was taught not to talk to strangers.
11. There’s a new building in my city for elderly people.
12. He called me madam.
13. A person is not allowed to drive when he is drunk.
14. A person’s spiritual aspect is important.

54

1. enthusiasm
2. spiritual
3. elderly
4. logical
5. terrorist
6. supporters
7. stranger
8. madam
9. drunk
10. polite55

1. He is kind to their customers. Repeat.
2. He is kind to their customers. Change: polite. --- [He is polite to theircustomers.]
3. He is polite to their customers. Change: they. --- [They are polite to theircustomers.]
4. They are polite to their customers. Change: teachers. --- [They are polite totheir teachers.]
5. They are polite to their teachers. Change: parents. --- [They are polite to theirparents.]
6. They are polite to their parents. Change: manager. --- [They are polite to their
manager.]56

1. He called me madam. Repeat.
2. He called me madam. Change: she. --- [She called me madam.]
3. She called me madam. Change: the students. --- [The students called me
madam.]
4. The students called me madam. Transform: present tense. --- [The students
call me madam.]
5. The students call me madam. Change: some. --- [Some students call memadam.]
6. Some students call me madam. Transform: who. --- [Who calls me madam?]
7. Some students call me madam. Transform: what. --- [What do some students
call me?]57

1. The president has supporters. Repeat.
2. The president has supporters. Add: many. --- [The president has many
supporters.]
3. The president has many supporters. Add: company. --- [The company
president has many supporters.]
4. The company president has many supporters. Add: and his wife. --- [Thecompany president and his wife have many supporters.]

58

1. She seems enthusiastic. Repeat.
2. She seems enthusiastic. Add: about the movie. --- [She seems enthusiastic
about the movie.]
3. She seems enthusiastic about the movie. Change: is. --- [She is enthusiastic
about the movie.]
4. She is enthusiastic about the movie. Change: conference. --- [She isenthusiastic about the conference.]
5. She is enthusiastic about the conference. Add: tomorrow. --- [She isenthusiastic about the conference tomorrow.]
6. She is enthusiastic about the conference tomorrow. Transform: present
perfect tense. --- [She has been enthusiastic about the conference tomorrow.]59

1. His enthusiasm affects me. Repeat.
2. His enthusiasm affects me. Add: for music. --- [His enthusiasm for music
affects me.]3. His enthusiasm for music affects me. Change: teaching. --- [His enthusiasm
for teaching affects me.]4. His enthusiasm for teaching affects me. Transform: present perfect tense. --[His enthusiasm for teaching has affected me.]5. His enthusiasm for teaching has affected me. Add: very much. --- [Hisenthusiasm for teaching has affected me very much.]
6. His enthusiasm for teaching has affected me very much. Change: his work. -- [His enthusiasm for his work has affected me very much.]60

1. A person’s religion focuses on the spiritual side of life. Repeat.
2. A person’s religion focuses on the spiritual side of life. Transform: what. --[What does a person’s religion focus on?]
3. My friend’s spiritual life is strong. Repeat.
4. My friend’s spiritual life is strong. Transform: whose. --- [Whose spiritual life
is strong?]
5. The child’s toys are made of tough plastic. Repeat.
6. The child’s toys are made of tough plastic. Transform: what. --- [What is madeof tough plastic?]
7. The child’s toys are made of tough plastic. Transform: whose. --- [Whose
toys are made of tough plastic?]
8. A terrorist was killed by his own bomb yesterday. Repeat.
9. A terrorist was killed by his own bomb yesterday. Transform: who. --- [Whowas killed by his own bomb yesterday?]
10. A terrorist was killed by his own bomb yesterday. Transform: when. --[When was a terrorist killed by his own bomb.]
11. A terrorist was killed by his own bomb yesterday. Transform: what. --- [Whatkilled a terrorist yesterday?]61

1. The child doesn’t talk to strangers. Repeat.
2. The child doesn’t talk to strangers. Add: little. --- [The little child doesn’t talkto strangers.]
3. The little child doesn’t talk to strangers. Transform: future tense. --- [The little
child will not talk to strangers.]
4. The little child will not talk to strangers. Transform: past tense. --- [The little
child did not talk to strangers.]
5. The little child did not talk to strangers. Transform: present tense. --- [Thelittle child does not talk to strangers.]
6. The little child does not talk to strangers. Change: I. --- [I don’t talk to
strangers.]62

1. Is it logical for children to cross the street with an adult? --- [Yes, it’s logicalfor children to cross the street with an adult.]
2. Is it logical to argue with your manager? --- [No, it isn’t logical to argue withmy manager.]
3. Is a drunk person allowed to drive a car? --- [No, a drunk person is notallowed to drive a car.]
4. Have you ever tried being drunk before? --- [Yes, I have sometimes tried
being drunk before.]
5. Are there buildings for elderly people in your country? --- [Yes, there arebuildings for elderly people in my country.]
6. Do you know an elderly couple? --- [Yes, I know an elderly couple.]63

1. Is the spiritual aspect of a person important? Why or why not?
2. Do you have a lot of elderly people in your town?
3. Are the young people in your town polite to elderly people?
4. Is it logical to say something when we are angry?
5. What logical things do you do when you’re angry?
6. Are you afraid of terrorists? Why or why not?
7. Is it logical to drive when people are drunk?
8. Are you enthusiastic about anything? What?
9. Are you a tough person?
10. What makes a person tough?

64[1. A person is not allowed to drive | when he is drunk.][2. There’s a new building in my city | for elderly people.][3. Are the young people in your town polite | to elderly people? ⤴][4. It’s logical for children to cross the street | with an adult.][5. His enthusiasm for teaching | has affected me very much.]65

Please refer to the definition file.

661. The tourists in the Philippines love to go to the beaches.
2. Unemployment is common in some countries.
3. My friend is still unemployed.
4. The weight of this table is 10 kilograms.
5. The table weighs 10 kilograms.
6. I’m not sick; I am well.
7. Wild animals are dangerous.
8. The workers are willing to stay for the conference.
9. There are a lot of beaches in my country.
10. The people in my city are super friendly.

67

1. beach
2. willing
3. weight
4. weigh
5. unemployed
6. unemployment681. I’m sick. Repeat.
2. I’m sick. Add: not. --- [I’m not sick.]
3. I’m not sick. Add: I’m well. --- [I’m not sick; I’m well.]
4. I’m not sick; I’m well. Add: my sister. --- [My sister and I are not sick; we’rewell.]
5. My sister and I are not sick; we’re well. Add: my friend. --- [My sister, myfriend, and I are not sick; we’re well.]69

1. Unemployment is common in some countries. Repeat.
2. Unemployment is common in some countries. Change: my. --[Unemployment is common in my country.]
3. Unemployment is common in my country. Add: very. --- [Unemployment isvery common in my country.]
4. Unemployment is very common in my country. Change: super. --[Unemployment is super common in my country.]
5. My friend is unemployed. Repeat.
6. My friend is unemployed. Add: still. --- [My friend is still unemployed.]
7. My friend is still unemployed. Add: I. --- [My friend and I are still unemployed.]
8. My friend and I are still unemployed. Change: have been. --- [My friend and I
have been unemployed.]
9. My friend and I have been unemployed. Add: since last year. --- [My friend
and I have been unemployed since last year.]
10. My friend and I have been unemployed since last year. Change: month. --[My friend and I have been unemployed since last month.]70

1. My sister’s weight is 40 kilograms. Repeat.
2. My sister’s weight is 40 kilograms. Change: friend. --- [My friend’s weight is
40 kilograms.]
3. My friend’s weight is 40 kilograms. Change: daughter. --- [My daughter’s
weight is 40 kilograms.]
4. My daughter’s weight is 40 kilograms. Change: weighs. --- [My daughter
weighs 40 kilograms.]
5. My daughter weighs 40 kilograms. Change: 35. --- [My daughter weighs 35
kilograms.]
6. My daughter weighs 35 kilograms. Change: purchases. --- [My purchases
weigh 35 kilograms.]
7. My purchases weigh 35 kilograms. Change: all. --- [All purchases weigh 35
kilograms.]

71

1. We spent the holiday on the beach. Repeat.
2. We spent the holiday on the beach. Change: they. --- [They spent the holiday
on the beach.]
3. They spent the holiday on the beach. Change: the tourists. --- [The tourists
spent the holiday on the beach.]
4. The tourists spent the holiday on the beach. Add: last week. --- [The tourists
spent the holiday on the beach last week.]
5. The tourists spent the holiday on the beach last week. Transform: who. --[Who spent the holiday on the beach last week?]
6. The tourists spent the holiday on the beach last week. Transform: when. --[When did the tourists spend the holiday on the beach?]72

1. The workers are willing to stay. Repeat.
2. The workers are willing to stay. Add: in the office. --- [The workers are willingto stay in the office.]
3. The workers are willing to stay in the office. Add: for the conference. --- [Theworkers are willing to stay in the office for the conference.]
4. The workers are willing to stay in the office for the conference. Change:
manager. --- [The manager is willing to stay in the office for the conference.]
5. The manager is willing to stay in the office for the conference. Change:president. --- [The president is willing to stay in the office for the conference.]
6. The president is willing to stay in the office for the conference. Transform:
who. --- [Who is willing to stay in the office for the conference?]
7. The president is willing to stay in the office for the conference. Add: super. --[The president is super willing to stay in the office for the conference.]
8. The president is super willing to stay in the office for the conference.
Change: man. --- [The man is super willing to stay in the office for the
conference.]73

1. Are employees sometimes willing to stay late in the office to finish theirtasks? Yes, employees --- [Yes employees are sometimes willing to stay late in
the office to finish their tasks.]
2. Do you know an unemployed person? Yes, I know --- [Yes, I know an
unemployed person.]
3. Are wild animals dangerous? Yes, wild animals --- [Yes, wild animals are
dangerous.]
4. Are you sick today? No, I’m not --- [No, I’m not sick today; I’m well.]
5. What is the most beautiful beach you’ve been to? The most beautiful --- [Themost beautiful beach I’ve been to is.]74

1. Are there wild animals in your country?
2. Are you always willing to stay late in the office to finish your task?
3. Are there tourists in your country?
4. What are the tourist spots in your country?
5. Do you think unemployment is a problem?
6. Do you like going to beaches? Why?
7. Do you have beautiful beaches in your town?

75