The 3rd International Workshop on the Academic
Asset Preservations and Sharing in Southeast Asia

Framing Digital Research Environment inAcademia Sinica of Taiwan
Sophy Shu-Jiun Chen
Executive Secretary, Academia Sinica
Center for Digital Cultures (ASCDC), Taiwan (R.O.C.)
Assistant Research Fellow, Institute of History and Philology, Academia Sinica
August 23, 2018

1

Brief History of Taiwan DigitalArchives•

1998-2001 pilot phase (three pilot projects)•– Digital Museum Project– National Archive Digitization Program– International Digital Library Cooperation Plan

• 2002-2007 phase one (two national programs)– National Digital Archives Program (NDAP)2002-2007– National Science and Technology Program for e-learning (ELNP)2003-2007•

2008-2012 phase two (one integrated program )– Taiwan e-Learning and Digital Archives Program (TELDAP)• 2013- main project (Sustainable Achievements )Footage of Taiwanese classical film in 1950s(Chinese Taipei Film Archive)– Academia Sinica Center for Digital Cultures– Phase 1: 2013-2015– Phase 2 : 2016-present2

Digitization Procedures
Guideline Series
Digitization Procedures Guideline series were published. Thesepublications are divided into “common concept” and “selectedobjects” based on two different perspectives regarding collection
as a whole and a single type. A complete and comprehensive
version can be accessed online according to individual needs. The
purpose of these Guidelines is to provide proactive and practicalreferences and amplify the efficiency and quality of digitization.

Achievement Statistics (Taiwan Digital Archives)

100＋

participatedInstitutions
Libraries/Archives/Museums/
Academic Institutions/PrivateInstitutions/Private Collectors…etc

750＋

Over 5million

websites &databases

digitized objects
Anthropology/Archaeology/
Art History/Biodiversity/Rare
Books/Archives/Maps…etc*selected digital collections ofAcademia Sinica

Digital Resources for Sinology
Studies in Taiwan / Reading
Digital Atlas / The Painter Chen
Cheng-Po…etc

Goals of Academia Sinica Center for Digital Cultures (ASCDC)•Maintain and preserve Taiwan Digital Archives•

Develop a digital environment, including platforms of digital humanities, digital curating, digital publishing and core technologies(such as text
analysis, image annotation, linked open data…etc.)•Enhance further on digital humanities, digital cultures and creative applications.

•To facilitate the advancement of digital technology in research, education, culture and industry development to create an integrative andinnovative content environment.

12http://sinology.ascdc.sinica.edu.tw/index_en.html

5

The Portalof Taiwan
DigitalArchives
ascdc.sinica.edu.tw

17

Reading Digital Atlas
http://digitalatlas.asdc.sinica.edu.tw/keyword

maps

full size

download15

• Academia Sinica
Center For Digital
Cultures (ASCDC)• From Different
Institutes ofAcademia Sinica

Digital Content

Domain Experts

DigitalHumanities• Open Museum• Creative Comic
Collection

Outreach

DigitalTechniques/Tools••••

Humanities
Computer Science
Biodiversity
Library &Information Studies• Digital Humanities
Platform• Lined Open Data
The LOD Lab

8Organization of ASCDC

Academia Sinica
Center for Digital
Cultures

The Center is headed by a Director, 3
Deputy Directors and also an Executive
Secretary, taken up by research fellows
under appointment of the Academia SinicaPresident.
• Cyber-Infrastructure(The Digital
Humanities Platform, The Open MuseumSystem)• Core Technologies (data analytics, LOD,IIIF, GIS, SNA, OCR...etc.)• Call for Proposals (in terms of Digitization,Advanced Technologies, Collaboration)
9

Recent Agenda- Core Projects in ASCDC

11

Digital Humanities
Research Platform

Click here to add yourtext. Click here to add
your text.

2Linked Open Data

3Open Museum

4

Innovative Creation(CCC project)10Digital Humanities Research Platform
Digital tools for scholars’ research tasks

11Open Platform for Digital Humanities
 Open, cloud-based text repository toenhance the research of DH; Developed
as platform for online service based on
the needs of scholars

http://dh.ascdc.sinica.edu.tw/member/ Open to individuals and institutions forco-creation and knowledge sharing Scholars are encouraged to upload texts
to the platform and work on them
together Platform equipped with different digital
tools for text and visual analytics
 Platform will be released for all scholars
in Oct. 201812Characteristics in Digital Humanities Research Platform Integration platform of digital toolsfor DH research Search, analysis and research for(Chinese Ancient) full texts
 Personal service, eg. uploading thetext and authority files②①③

 Integrate texts from the Chineserare books, 220 million words incurrent collection

 Applying the technology of natural
language processing (which iscollaborated with the Institute ofInformation Science, Academia
Sinica)1. Uploads with textual datasets
2. Rapid textual comparison
3. Analysis and statistics of authority files

13Tools for DH researchesToolsFunction

1 Text and authority files uploading and sharing

Data management

2 Text annotation and management

Data management

3 Query for regular expression

Data mining/ Research

4 Text similarity comparison

Data mining/ Research

5 Term frequency analysis (N-gram)

Data analytics

6 Association analysis

Data analytics

7 Visualization charts: word clouds, column charts, Social
Network Analysis

Data visualization

8 Spatial-temporal presentation / GIS map

Data visualization

14

Research Tools
embedded in Platform Tool for text research- Text annotation andmanagement
 Annotated words can beclassified in different
categories

15Text Similarity Comparison (Tools for data
mining/research)
Percentage oftext similarity

 Similar or identic words or
passages in the text will beby automatically searchedin the platform’s database

Original text

Findings of similar text16

Term frequency analysis (N-gram) (Tools for Data
Analysis)① ② ③
 Finding the frequency ofterms’ occurrence in text
 Other relevant terms andterms combinations (cooccurrence analysis) canbe indicated in theanalysis
1. Term relation
2. Frequency
3. Terms
Term’s occurrence of “Liquorice” (甘草) in the Chinese medical books andits co-relation with other terms of Chinese medical plants
17Tool for data visualization

Word Cloud
Visualization tool for overviewing theterm frequency of co-occurrence

Spatial presentation in GIS map
Plants’ growing location in map

18

Tool for data visualization

Network figure of Terms’ corelations
Co-relation between the terms
heading under subjects of“paintings” and “Buddhism”

19Tool for data visualization
Spatial presentation inGIS map
Plants’ growing locationin map20

Selected Research Projects with DH ResearchPlatform
Project TitleInstituteTopics

1

Gender, Media and War: Guomindang woman’s Social
Institute of Modern
networks during the war of resistance against Japan 性別、History, Academia Sinica
媒體與戰爭：抗戰時期國民黨婦女的社會網絡

Gender study

2

Preliminary study of local elite networks in Japanesecolonial Taiwan: the case of IHT Diary Knowledge Bank日治時期臺灣菁英的社會網絡初探：以楊肇嘉（18921976）與中研院臺史所「日記知識庫」為例

Institute of Taiwan
History, Academia Sinica

Cultural history

3

Digital editions for the study of early medieval China 中
古文學研究的數位版本

Institute of Chinese
Literature
Literature and Philosophy,Academia Sinica

5

Pains and fears: DH studies on the descriptions of illness
made by the Chinese Buddhist monks 病苦與死懼：歷
代僧傳疾病敘述的數位人文研究

Institute of Chinese
Religion history
Literature and Philosophy,
Academia Sinica
21http://lodlab.ascdc.tw/en/
The laboratory works on researchand practical contributions
toward linked open data. We are
currently concentrating on
Taiwan’s digital collections, withsteady progress being made on
distribution and conversion of
metadata to structured semantic
datasets. This allows meaningful
linkages to be establishedbetween data worldwide,
supplying researchers and thepublic with a more complete andmulti-perspective context for data,
deepening the bases ofexploration, analysis, andresearch.
22LOD as method to preserve digital cultural assets
 Core works:
Transformation of the traditional metadata into semantic data model, composed of sets of triples
endowed with URIs: Subject – Predicate – Object
 Efficient way for the permanent preservation of digital cultural assets in the world of Web 3.0
FieldField Vale

1

Name

Ding Baozhen/ 丁寶楨2

Alternative nameWeihuang/ 稚璜

3

Identifier

000173

4

Biographic
description

Born in Pingyuan, Guizhou
Province in 1820, Ding wasappointed a governmentofficial in 1854 …

5

Event/ official
service

Governor of Sichuan
Province

Metadata table

Resource (Subject)

Property (Predicate)

Value(Object)

http://data.as
cdc.tw/dnb/A
gent/000173

skos:altLabelalternative namehttp://data.ascdc.tw/dnb/Name/000173/001

Ding Baozhen/ 丁寶楨
http://data.as
cdc.tw/dnb/A
gent/000173

Weihuang/ 稚璜
ascdc:officialEvent
official service event

Ding Baozhen/ 丁寶楨

http://data.ascdc.tw/dnb/OfficialS
ervice/000173/000001

Governor of Sichuan

Semantic data model23

LOD as method for knowledge creatingVIAF LOD enables original data linked to other open, heterogeneous
data of external source (data enrichment) in the web
 New perspective of research and results interpretation can beinspired

owl:sameAs

owl:sameAs

DBpedia

http://data.ascdc.tw/dnb/A
gent/0000013 (Ding Baozhen)

rdfs:seeAlso
originascdc:nativePlaceowl:sameAs
TGAZ, Harvard University

Guizhou Province
http://data.ascdc.tw/dnb/Place/0000013

CBDB24

The LOD Lifecycle Model
1

Requirements Analysis

12

Data Maintaining

2

Data Licensing

11

Application Systems

3

Data Architecture
Evaluation

10Data Publishing4

Data Modeling9

Data Querying inSPARQL

5

Data Cleaning

8

Data Conversion

6

Data Reconciliation

7

Data Enrichment

25LOD Lifecycle- (1)Requirements Analysis
 To ensure the purposes of metadata conversion into
LOD and requirements to the future application• From Web of Document to
Web of Data

• As a Reference Tool v.s.
As a Research Tool•
•Understanding the requirements by reading and analyzing
the project proposal
Case: LOD project-Database of Names and Biographies (DNB)

26

LOD Lifecycle- (2)Data Licensing
 To ensure and acquire the licensepermission for data reconsumption
Purpose of data licensing
1. The descriptive metadata in the LOD dataset
should be released under CC-BY or CC0 (in optimalsituation)
2. Through announcing the data license, the data canbe further freely reused, re-created by the public.
A better distribution of the study results can bethus enhanced.

License permission of DNB data conversion
27

LOD Lifecycle- (3)Data Architecture Evaluation
 To analyze the data structure, data content and data value of theoriginal metadata. In the meanwhile, to review the currently
reusable ontologies and authority files, which can be applied as
To analyze the quality of data content,
basis for data modelingwhether the row data is well structured

To check whether the data in a single
field content too many varied,
heterogeneous information

Case: original metadata of DNB

To analyze whether the data values can be linked tothe external authority resources (eg. TGN/ Geonames)

28

LOD Lifecycle- (4)Data Modelingdesign the ontology/
semantic data model

Case: Data model of DNB
29

LOD Lifecycle- (5)Data Cleaning To transform the original data to structured one and correct the error data for optimization of thedata quality

Rules for data cleaning, field by fieldfor DNB dataset

30

LOD Lifecycle- (6)Data Reconciliation
 To design or assign the URIs to each data resource; to reuse and link to the external authority
resources; to establish the semantic relations between the resources
URIs design for the DNB LOD dataset

31

LOD Lifecycle- (7)Data Enrichment
 To create the linkages between heterogeneous resources
through the technology of the Name Entity Recognition
VIAFowl:sameAshttp://data.ascdc.tw/dnb/Agent/0000013 (Ding Baozhen)

owl:sameAs
originascdc:nativePlaceowl:sameAs
TGAZ, Harvard University

Guizhou Province
http://data.ascdc.tw/dnb/Place/0000013

DBpedia32

LOD Lifecycle- (8)Data Conversion
 To convert, release the data in RDF file format (such as NTriples, Turtle) and upload into the triple store

Converted LOD data in triple store
33

LOD Lifecycle- (9)Data Querying in SPARQL
Establish the SPARQL endpoint and offer it with services forsemantic queries by examples

SPARQL query examples of DNB datasets
34

LOD Lifecycle- (9)Data Querying in SPARQLSPARQL query examples of DNB datasets
35

LOD Lifecycle- (10)Data Publishing To publish the LOD-based datasets in theworldwide open data platform for data
sharing and distribution (eg. datahob.io)

Publishing TaiUC LOD datasets in datahub
36

LOD Lifecycle(10)Data Publishing
publish the LOD-based
datasets in the localestablished LOD
datasets interface (eg.
ASCDC LOD datasets)

Published LOD datasets in ASCDC LOD datasets portal
37

LOD Lifecycle- (11)Application Systems Develop the application system for providing the LOD-based service system (such as awebsite)connect to painter’s works,exhibitions, educational
information and personal
relations

Linked Taiwan Artists showing information on the early modern painters in Taiwan38

LOD in ASCDC: a current view 2017: start to execute the LOD programs (conversionof the TaiUC’s metadata into LOD-based dataset) 2018: establish the LODLab, ASCDC Current results– Datasets: 8– Data records: 60,125– Triples: 2,010,673
 Topics of LOD datasets– Biology (Taiwan digital fish species database)– Anthropology (Indigenous people in Taiwan)– Arts (Art Textbooks of Elementary and Public Schools in the Japanese Colonial Period)– Religion (Tibetan Collection Audio Archive)– Audio-video files (Educational and Cultural Programs from the Chinese Television System)
39

LODLAM Summit 2017
 Top 5 finalists of the Technical Challenge Competitionat the 4th Linked Open Data in Libraries, Archives &Museums (LODLAM) Summit in Venice with project“Fishing in the Data Ocean”

 Applying the LOD techniques and standards to bridge
Taiwan’s digital heritage with other worldwide
relevant biodiversity information on the web.
 Enhancing information retrieval of digital heritages
for helping scholars, researchers, general publics andmachines to consume data in an open, shareablemodus.

https://summit2017.lodlam.net/2017/04/12/fishing-in-the-dataocean/40Data sharing: SPARQL endpoint ASCDC SPAQRL endpoint as platform forSPARQL querying and datasets-downloading

1.檢索資料集中具有採集地點欄位
(sam:sampling_location)資訊的資料及其資
訊名稱(rdfs:label)
2.在依上述規則檢索出的資料中，過濾出O值文
字資訊有“台東”及“臺東”字者

Query examples

Machine reasoning inhuman readable text

 Each data records and queried results can be
downloaded in JSON, XML, TTL and CSV files

 SPARQL query by examples are designed as auser-friendly interface endowing withhuman readable explanation of how theresults of queries are found by machinereasoning

SPARQL query language

Data downloads in diverse files

A data record of a flying fish in the TaiUC LOD-dataset
Results of query ( in triples)

http://data.ascdc.tw/uc/sparql.php
41

A future: Visualization in LOD
 Visualize the querying results as method toinspire new visions and ideas for thescholar’s research and results interpretation Applying GIS technique, open source/ API forvisualization (such as Google charts…) tocreate user-friendly access to the data Types of visualization in LOD– GIS maps
– Statistic charts– Figures of Social Network Analysis (SNA)

GIS map
1.檢索資料集中具有採集地點欄
位(sam:sampling_location)
資訊的資料及其資訊名稱
(rdfs:label)
2.在依上述規則檢索出的資料中，過濾出O值文字資訊有“台東”及“臺東”字者

Statistic chart
Modus for visualization

SNA-figure
42

Open Museum
Free platform for digital curation and co-creation

43

An open museum for everyone
 Open, free space for digital exhibition andco-creation of digital cultural heritages
accessible to individuals and institutions

 Users can publish, upload their image
collections in different modes for online
presentations and share with others forreusing Images are opened in CC license More than 21,000 resources of image,
movies and music recordings, culturalobjects are available
http://openmuseum.tw/44Models for online presentations
Type of models and tools:

 Modes for online preservation
 Modes for online exhibition①②③

 Tools for online curation

Models for online preservation
1. Image of digitized item
2. Title/ Label of digitized item
3. Resources of related item
4. Metadata of digitized Item

④45

①②

Models for online exhibition
1. Vertical presentation of items
2. Horizontal presentation of items
46

Flexibility to curate exhibition

1.

Edit site in back-end

2.

Users in the editor interface (system back-end)
can select images from different sources(cross-source integration)
More flexible for online curation)
Source A:
Cultural Affairs Department ofPingtung County Government

Source B:
Digital Island/ ASCDC
Academia Sinica

Source C:
Institute of Ethnology
Academia Sinica

47

Tools for online curation

Timeline display
Displaying digitized items or events
related to a resource according tochronological sequence

GIS map
Showing the places on map, which
related to any information on thedigitized object

48

The Timeline Builder
Edit in back-end

Presentation in
front-end

流轉年華 屏東縣老照片專輯：http://pingtung.openmuseum.tw/muse/exhibition/f28f5bd637dfdddab3a5841a4e508810

49

GIS map: the Story map Builder
Edit inback-end

Presentation in
front-end
踏訪阿緱城 屏東縣老照片專輯：
http://pingtung.openmuseum.tw/muse/exhibition/6678f01b9f000f25c474d9c1d7724c6e50

My mom was once lived
next to the barber shop
芳美理髮廳！

Crowdsourcing (in Plan)

Taichung

This chief is my grandfather!

John DoeThe film《蓋世雄師》isreleased in 19YY.

19YY

Future: Image annotation with IIIF

52

Reusing the open sources for structuring framework

53

Partners of Open Museum

2018.122018.102018.62017.12

財團法人公共電視
文化企業基金會
Public Television
Service Foundation

臺灣音樂館
Taiwan Music Institute12,128 items

3,000 items

中研院生物多樣性研究中心

國家電影中心Taiwan Film Institute

屏東縣政府Pingtung County
Government

243 items

764 items

Biodiversity Research Center,
Academia Sinicaca.

3,000 items

中研院史語所歷史文物陳列館
Museum of the Institute ofHistory and Philology,
Academia Sinica

131 items

余如季攝影作品
Photographical works
of Yu JU-Chi

2,532 items
鄧雨賢音樂藏品
Music recordingsof Teng Yu-Hsien

307 items

54

Creative Comic Collection (CCC)
Innovative application of digital contents

55

CCC project: creative re-using of digital content
 Goal: Turning the cultural heritages/
results of academic researches into reusable intellectual and artistic assets

 Promoting the knowledge of DH in a moreinteresting, easily understandable way togeneral publics
 How to do?
– CCC comic book series– Walking into the past and present series– Exhibitions and workshops

https://www.facebook.com/CreativeComicCollection/

56

Creative Comic Collection
 Manga series collaborated with Ministry of Culture, Taiwan since 2009 andreorganized in 2017
 Inviting comics artists to develop creative topics based on scholars’ study results in DH A new model for creative industry to reuse the intellectual property and enhancing
communication between the academic institutions and general publics

57

Walking into the past and present series
 Started from 2016, book series ofTaiwan’s city travel guide equipped withmobile AAP

 City guides on Taipei, Taichung areavailable; Tainan is upcoming Reusing historical maps and photos fromarchives in combination with technology
of GIS positioning and showing thecomparison of a street view on the google
map between past and present
 Using finger tips to see the past city viewsin Taiwan just on the street
58

Walking into the past and present series Guide book: containing essays and illustrations on
the cities’ history according to scholar’s researches Forthcoming: English and Japanese translation
version59

Exhibitions and workshops
 Exhibitions and workshops as platform to promote ASCDC’s achievement on thecreative reusing of digital content

Exhibition of CCC comic series and AR digital experience2017.08.15 - 09.17 in National Taiwan Museum, Taipei
60Creative comic collection data workshop
Dec. 2, 16, 23, 2017

Data fair workshop
Feb. 10-11, 201861

Education of data reusingWorkshop on creative translationof dataCreative data translationCCC comic series

Integration of DH contentexhibition with digitalapplication

62

Academia Sinica Center for Digital Cultures
A 5F, Research Building, Institute of History and Philology

No.128, Sec. 2, Academia Rd., Nangang Dist., Taipei City 11529, Taiwan (R.O.C.)
E ascdc@sinica.edu.tw
P +886-02-2652-1885
F http://ascdc.sinica.edu.tw/en/

THANK YOU !

Q&A