Alex Hunt, Technical Team Manager, ITOPF

12 December 2017

SHIPPING INCIDENTS
RECENT DEVELOPMENTS &EMERGING TRENDS
Alex Hunt
Technical Team Manager (Asia-Pacific), ITOPF

PA J W O R K S H O P – T O K Y O , D E C E M B E R 2 0 1 7

12 December 2017

INCIDENTS ATTENDED (DEC 2016‐2017)17 INCIDENTS IN 12 MONTHS• TANKER = 7 (3 CARGO SPILLS)• NON‐TANKER = 9 (7 BUNKER SPILLS)• MYSTERY SPILL = 1 (CRUDE OIL)
12 December 2017

PAJ Workshop, Tokyo ‐ December 2017

1Alex Hunt, Technical Team Manager, ITOPF

12 December 2017

RECENT INCIDENTS: LADY TUNA (18 DEC 2016)• LADY TUNA (4,538 GT; 4,867 DWT)
• REEFER: 1,500 MT FROZEN BLUEFIN TUNA• RAN AGROUND IN ILDIR BAY, TURKEY• 789 M3 IFO 180 BUNKERS ONBOARD
12 December 2017

• APPROX. 400 M3 OIL SPILLED AT SEARECENT INCIDENTS: LADY TUNA (18 DEC 2016)

EXTENT OF CONTAMINATION• SHORELINE CONTAMINATION OVER 15 KM• MIXED RESIDENTIAL AND COMMERCIAL USE• KEY CONCERN: HIGH VALUE FISH FARMS

12 December 2017

PAJ Workshop, Tokyo ‐ December 2017

 SEA BASS(Dicentrarchus labrax)
 SEA BREAM(Sparus Aurata)
 BLUEFIN TUNA (Thunnus thynnus)

2Alex Hunt, Technical Team Manager, ITOPF

12 December 2017

RECENT INCIDENTS: LADY TUNA (18 DEC 2016)

Ministry of Transport, Maritime
Affairs and CommunicationsҪeşme Harbour MasterCOMMAND & CONTROL• GOOD RELATIONS WITH TURKISH AUTHORITIES: PAST SPILLS AND TRAINING
 INTEGRATION WITH LOCAL AGENCIES IN RESPONSE• GOOD RELATIONS WITH NATIONAL OIL SPILL CONTRACTOR: PAST SPILLS ALLOWED DIRECT INPUT TO SPILL RESPONSE OPERATIONS
12 December 2017

RECENT INCIDENTS: LADY TUNA (18 DEC 2016)

SPILL RESPONSE• INEFFECTIVE RESPONSE AT‐SEA: POOR BOOM DEPLOYMENT• SHORELINE CLEAN‐UP OPERATIONS FOCUSSED ON MANUAL TECHNIQUES BASED ON ITOPF ADVICE: RECOMMENDED AGAINST HEAVY MACHINERY
12 December 2017

PAJ Workshop, Tokyo ‐ December 20173

Alex Hunt, Technical Team Manager, ITOPF

12 December 2017

RECENT INCIDENTS: LADY TUNA (18 DEC 2016)

KEY ISSUE: SUNKEN OIL• REMOBILISATION OF STRANDED OIL
 SINKING WITHIN NEARSHORE WATERS• MANUAL RECOVERY RECOMMENDED
12 December 2017

• OIL RESURFACED WITH INCREASED TEMPERATURE

RECENT INCIDENTS: LADY TUNA (18 DEC 2016)

KEY ISSUE: RISK TO AQUACULTURE• FLOATING OIL PASSED THROUGH FISH CAGES• BOOM DEPLOYED TO DEFLECT OIL FROM FARMS• ITOPF SURVEYED FARMS TO ASSESS DAMAGE
 RECORD EXTENT OF CONTAMINATION
 PROVIDED ADVICE ON DAMAGE MITIGATION
12 December 2017

PAJ Workshop, Tokyo ‐ December 2017

• NO ELEVATED LEVELS OF PAH FOUND IN FISH4Alex Hunt, Technical Team Manager, ITOPF

12 December 2017

RECENT INCIDENTS: LADY TUNA (18 DEC 2016)

KEY ISSUE: THREAT TO TOURISM• LUXURY ACCOMMODATION AND SUMMERRESIDENCES OF INFLUENTIAL CITIZENS• HIGH POLITICAL PRESSURE ON CLEAN‐UP
 END‐POINTS TIMESCALE• TO DATE NO CLAIMS RECEIVED
12 December 2017

RECENT INCIDENTS: APL DENVER (3 JAN 2017)

APL DENVERPulau Ubin

• APL DENVER CONTAINERSHIP (43,071 GT)• WAN HAI 301 CONTAINERSHIP (26,681 GT)• COLLISION IN STRAITS OF JOHOR, MALAYSIA• UP TO 300 MT HFO (IFO 500) SPILLED• SPILL AFFECTED MALAYSIA AND SINGAPORE
12 December 2017

PAJ Workshop, Tokyo ‐ December 2017

5Alex Hunt, Technical Team Manager, ITOPF

12 December 2017

RECENT INCIDENTS: APL DENVER (3 JAN 2017)

EXTENT OF CONTAMINATION• BEACHES & MANGROVES ON PULAU UBIN
• FISH, MUSSEL & SHRIMP FARMS AFFECTED
 SINGAPORE AND MALAYSIA• MINOR EFFECTS ON SINGAPORE ISLAND• CONTAMINATION WITHIN JOHOR PORT
12 December 2017

RECENT INCIDENTS: APL DENVER (3 JAN 2017)

SPILL RESPONSE• OVERSEEN BY MPA AND MALAYSIA MOE• OSRL + SEVERAL LOCAL CLEAN‐UP CONTRACTORS• USE OF SPECIALISED BOOM FOR FAST CURRENTS• CLEAN‐UP OF FISH FARMS WITHIN STRAITS OF JOHOR• SHORELINE CLEAN‐UP AT PULAU UBIN
12 December 2017

PAJ Workshop, Tokyo ‐ December 20176

Alex Hunt, Technical Team Manager, ITOPF

12 December 2017

SINGAPORE STRAIT: HIGH RISK FOR SPILLSDGST• VERY BUSY SHIPPING TRAFFIC• NARROW STRAIT (1.46 NM)• RECURRENT COLLISIONS (3 IN 2017)• COMPLICATED RESPONSE TRANS‐BOUNDARY SHIPPING TRAFFIC
12 December 2017

RECENT INCIDENTS: DAWN KANCHIPURAM (28 JAN 2017)• DAWN KANCHIPURAM ‐ PRODUCT TANKER (29,141 GT)• BW MAPLE ‐ LPG TANKER (47,386 GT)• COLLISION 2 NM FROM ENNORE PORT, CHENNAI• CARGO: GASOLINE AND HIGH SPEED DIESEL• ESTIMATED UP TO 300 MT IFO 180 SPILLED AT SEA
12 December 2017

PAJ Workshop, Tokyo ‐ December 20177Alex Hunt, Technical Team Manager, ITOPF

12 December 2017

RECENT INCIDENTS: DAWN KANCHIPURAM (28 JAN 2017)
EXTENT OF CONTAMINATION

Approx. 40 km

12 December 2017

RECENT INCIDENTS: DAWN KANCHIPURAM (28 JAN 2017)
GOVERNMENT•••••SHIPOWNER

Indian Coast Guard
TN Pollution Control Board
DG ShippingDistrict CollectorsPolice•••Shipowner
Management Company
Appointed Contractors

P&I CLUB(S)•••P&I Club correspondent
P&I Club surveyor
Technical support

PORTS
OIL IND.
••••

Kamarajar
EnnoreChennaiAdani•••IOCBPCLCPCL

12 December 2017

PAJ Workshop, Tokyo ‐ December 2017

COMMAND & CONTROL• INDIAN COAST GUARD TOOK LEAD ON AT‐SEA RESPONSE• LACK OF PREPAREDNESS IN STATE OF TAMIL NADU

• NO LEAD AUTHORITY FOR SHORELINE CLEAN‐UP
 DECISIONS BY COMMITTEE• LARGE MOBILISATION OF PERSONNEL DIFFICULT TO CONTROL AND COORDINATE8Alex Hunt, Technical Team Manager, ITOPF

12 December 2017RECENT INCIDENTS: DAWN KANCHIPURAM (28 JAN 2017)
SPILL RESPONSE
EMERGENCY PHASE• AT‐SEA RESPONSE LIMITED TO PORTS• INITIAL FOCUS ON MANUAL RECOVERY• INEFFECTIVE TECHNIQUES + SAFETY ISSUES• MASSES OF WASTE + 2°CONTAMINATIONPROJECT PHASE• SHIPOWNER TOOK OVER RESPONSE• CONTRACTORS APPOINTED (ITOPF ADVICE)• CLEAN‐UP PLAN PRODUCED (DRAFTED BY ITOPF)• IMPROVED COORDINATION + EFFECTIVE TECHNIQUES• JOINT SURVEYS (ORGANISED BY ITOPF)• FINAL SIGN OFF OF CLEAN‐UP IN MID‐APRIL
12 December 2017RECENT INCIDENTS: DAWN KANCHIPURAM (28 JAN 2017)
KEY ISSUES

12 December 2017

DIFFICULT ACCESS

PAJ Workshop, Tokyo ‐ December 2017

HEALTH & SAFETY

PUBLIC DEMONSTRATIONS9Alex Hunt, Technical Team Manager, ITOPF

12 December 2017

RECENT INCIDENTS: DAWN KANCHIPURAM (28 JAN 2017)

FISHERIES IMPACTS• NO FISHING BAN PUT IN PLACE BY GOVERNMENT• NO REPORTS OF ‘OIL TAINTING’ OF WILD STOCK• SOME PROPERTY DAMAGE TO BOATS + FISHING GEAR
• 95% CLAIMED LOSSES RELATED TO MARKET CONFIDENCE
12 December 2017

• CLAIMS UNDER REVIEW BY P&I CLUB + ADVISERS

RECENT INCIDENTS: AGIA ZONI II (10 SEP 2017)• AGIA ZONI II (1,597 GT; 3,205 DWT)
• GREEK FLAGGED; BUILT IN 1972
• BUNKER BARGE: 2,362 MT HFO• SANK IN PIRAEUS ANCHORAGE 02:30• ESTIMATED 700 M3 OIL SPILLED AT SEA

PAJ Workshop, Tokyo ‐ December 2017

10Alex Hunt, Technical Team Manager, ITOPF

12 December 2017

RECENT INCIDENTS: AGIA ZONI II (10 SEP 2017)
PeramaSalamis Island

Piraiki Area

ATHENS

PiraeusAthena Riviera

AGIA ZONI II

EXTENT OF CONTAMINATION• OIL REACHED SALAMIS WITHIN A FEW HOURS• PIRAIKI AND ATHENS RIVIERA OILED WITHIN DAYS• OVERALL UP TO 30 KM OF SHORELINE AFFECTEDRECENT INCIDENTS: AGIA ZONI II (10 SEP 2017)

COMMAND & CONTROL• GREEK GOVERNMENT HAS OVERALL RESPONSIBILITY UNDER NATIONAL CONTINGENCY PLAN
 MARINE ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION DIVISION OF MINISTRY OF MERCANTILE MARINE (HELLENIC COAST GUARD)• SHIPOWNER EXPECTED TO ORGANISE RESPONSE
 GREEK SALVOR SPANOPOULOS CONTRACTED BY SHIPOWNER – SIX LOCAL CLEAN‐UP COMPANIES SUB‐CONTRACTED UNDER SALVORPAJ Workshop, Tokyo ‐ December 201711Alex Hunt, Technical Team Manager, ITOPF

12 December 2017

RECENT INCIDENTS: AGIA ZONI II (10 SEP 2017)RESPONSE AT SEA• ITOPF & CONTRACTORS CARRIED OUT JOINT AERIAL SURVEILLANCE• LOCAL CONTRACTORS DEPLOYED SMALL OIL RECOVERY VESSELS
 RECOVERING OIL AT WRECK SITE AND IN NEARSHORE WATERS• EMSA DEPLOYED LARGER SPILL RESPONSE VESSEL (AKTEA OSRV) TANKER FITTED WITH RIGID SWEEPING ARMS, BOOM AND SKIMMER• EXTENSIVE BOOM DEPLOYMENT FOR SHORELINE PROTECTIONRECENT INCIDENTS: AGIA ZONI II (10 SEP 2017)

SHORELINE CLEAN‐UP• CLEAN‐UP ACTIVITIES CARRIED OUT ACROSS SEVERAL MUNICIPALITIES• OPERATIONS DRIVEN BY POLITICAL PRESSURE RATHER THAN TECHNICAL CRITERIA SITE PRIORITISATION, RESOURCE ALLOCATION AND CLEAN‐UP TECHNIQUES• LACK OF OVERALL COORDINATION AND COMPETITION BETWEEN CONTRACTORS SLOW PACE OF WORK, UNCLEAR PLAN, LACK OF COMMUNICATION ON SITE

• REMOVAL OF BEACH MATERIAL RATHER THAN IN‐SITU CLEANING EXCESSIVE WASTE PRODUCTION + HIGHLY EXCESSIVE DISPOSAL COSTS ADVISED TO USE CEMENT MIXER TO CLEAN RECOVERED SEDIMENT• CLEAN‐UP IS ONGOING IN DECEMBER – ITOPF REMAIN ON SITE

PAJ Workshop, Tokyo ‐ December 201712

Alex Hunt, Technical Team Manager, ITOPF

12 December 2017

RECENT INCIDENTS: AGIA ZONI II (10 SEP 2017)

KEY ISSUE: SUNKEN OIL• EXTENSIVE AREAS ALONG RIVIERA AND SALAMIS• MANUAL RECOVERY: WADING AND DIVING• DIVER‐OPERATED SUCTION HOSES ALSO USEDRECENT INCIDENTS: AGIA ZONI II (10 SEP 2017)

COMPENSATION• EXTENT OF CLAIMS IS UNKNOWN• CLC 92 LIMIT = €5.36M• FUND 92 + SUPPLEMENTARY FUND
• €241M AVAILABLE UNDER FUND 92

PAJ Workshop, Tokyo ‐ December 201713

Alex Hunt, Technical Team Manager, ITOPF

12 December 2017

TRENDS: MAJOR TANKER SPILLS

35

1970‐79:
24.5 spills peryear on
average

Number of Major Tanker Spills

30

25
1980‐89:
9.4 spills peryear on
average20

1990‐99:
7.7 spills
per year on
average15

2000‐09:
3.2 spills
per year on
average10

2010‐16:
1.7 spills
per year on
average50
12 December
1970 2017
1974

1978

1982

1986

1990

1994

1998

2002

2006

2010

2014

TRENDS: MAJOR TANKER SPILLS
Decline in Number of Tanker Spills
vsGrowth in Crude, Petroleum and Gas loaded
140

3000

120

2500

100

2000

80

1500

60

1000

40500

20001970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
19931994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015

3500

Number of spills >7 Tonnes

Total Crude Oil, Petroleum product and gas loaded (Million Metric tons)

12 December 2017

PAJ Workshop, Tokyo ‐ December 201714

Alex Hunt, Technical Team Manager, ITOPF

12 December 2017

TRENDS: GLOBAL ‘HOT SPOTS’

ITOPF SPILLS ATTENDED (2007-2017) = 206
1 CHINA

209.7%

2 SOUTH KOREA

125.8%3 JAPAN

94.4%

4 MALAYSIA, SINGAPORE, SPAIN, UK

83.9%

7 FRANCE, GREECE, TAIWAN

73.4%

10 ITALY, NORWAY

62.9%

6230.1%

SUB-TOTAL
12 December 2017

COSCO BUSAN – USA (2007)

Dangerous Goods

RENA – NEW ZEALAND (2011)12 December 2017

MSC CHITRA – INDIA (2010)

Complicated Salvage

BARELI – CHINA (2012)

MNZ

MSC NAPOLI – UK (2007)

SMIT

TRENDS: CONTAINERSHIP INCIDENTS

CMA CGM FLORIDA – CHINA (2013)

Container Storage & Processing

PAJ Workshop, Tokyo ‐ December 201715Alex Hunt, Technical Team Manager, ITOPF

12 December 2017

THE FUTURE OF SHIPPING SPILLS?

World Maritime
NewsMaerskGasTech• Continued growth in shipping traffic to/through East Asia (oil & chemicals) Increased risk of spills near major ports + from passing ships?
• Growth in container shipping: 69M – 178M TEU in 15 years
 Increased risk? HNS issues? Lengthy salvage/ response?
• Potential widespread replacement of bunker oil with LNG?
 Decreased risk of bunker spills from shipping?
12 December 20172017 … A YEAR TO REFLECT

12 December 2017

PAJ Workshop, Tokyo ‐ December 201716Alex Hunt, Technical Team Manager, ITOPF

12 December 2017

THE KEY TO EFFECTIVE RESPONSE?

12 December 2017

PAJ Workshop, Tokyo ‐ December 201717