         BL19B2

2011A1847

ᴟᑠゅ X ⥺ᩓ஘ἲࢆ⏝࠸ࡓྜ㔠㗰ࡢ㧗㠌ᛶ໬࡟ᐤ୚ࡍࡿᚤ⣽⤌⧊ኚ໬ࡢᐃ㔞ゎᯒ
Quantitative Analysis of Microstructures Contributing to High Toughness
in Alloy Steel using Ultra-Small-Angle X-ray Scattering኱ሙ ὒḟ㑻 a, Pawel Kozikowskia, ኱἟ ṇே a, ∦ᒸ බኴ b, బ⸨ ┾┤ c
Yojiro Obaa, Pawel Kozikowskia, Masato Ohnumaa, Kouta Kataokab, Masugu Satoca㻔⊂㻕≀㉁࣭ᮦᩱ◊✲ᶵᵓ, b ᪥❧㔠ᒓ㻔ᰴ㻕, c㻔㈈㻕㧗㍤ᗘග⛉Ꮫ◊✲ࢭࣥࢱ࣮aNIMS, bHitachi Metals, Ltd., cJASRIMC ᆺⅣ໬≀ࡢᯒฟ≧ែไᚚ࡟ࡼࡿᕤල㗰ࡢ㠌ᛶྥୖࢆ┠ⓗ࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊᴟᑠゅ X ⥺ᩓ஘ἲ㻔USAXS㻕ࢆ⏝࠸࡚ MC ᆺⅣ໬≀ࡢホ౯ࢆヨࡳࡓࠋ↝࡞ࡲࡋ࣭↝ධࢀ࡟ࡼࡿᯒฟ≧ែไᚚࡢኚ໬ࡀ᫂░࡟ほࡉࢀࡓࠋ860Υ3 ᫬㛫ࡢ↝ࡶ࡝ࡋ࡟ࡼࡾ MC ᆺⅣ໬≀⢏Ꮚࡣ኱ᖜ࡟ᡂ㛗ࡋࠊ1030Υࡢ↝ධࢀ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ࡣࢃࡎ࠿࡟ᡂ㛗ࡋࠊ⢏Ꮚᩘࡀῶᑡࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀぢ✚ࡶࡽࢀࡓࠋࡇࡢ⤖ᯝࠊUSAXS ࡀ MC ᆺⅣ໬≀ࡢᙧែホ౯࡟᭷⏝࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀศ࠿ࡗࡓࠋ࣮࣮࢟࣡ࢻ㸸 ⇕㛫ᕤල㗰ࠊᚤ⣽⤌⧊ࠊSAXSࠊUSAXS⫼ᬒ࡜◊✲┠ⓗ㸸 ⇕㛫ᕤල㗰ࡣࠊ㔠ᒓ➼ࡢ⇕㛫ຍᕤ⏝἞ල࣭ᕤල➼࡜ࡋ࡚౑⏝ࡉࢀࡿ㕲㗰ᮦᩱ࡛࠶ࡾࠊ㧗࠸㧗ᙉᗘ࡜㠌ᛶࢆᚲせ࡜ࡍࡿࠋ᭱ඛ➃ࡢ⇕㛫ᕤල㗰࡛ࡣࠊᚑ᮶ࡢ≉ᛶ࡟ຍ࠼ࠊ┬࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ࡸ┬㈨※ࠊCO2 ๐ῶ➼ࡢ⎔ቃᑐ⟇ࡀᙉࡃせồࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡇࡢࡓࡵࠊ〇㐀㠃࡛ࡣࣞ࢔࣓ࢱࣝࢆࡣࡌࡵ࡜ࡍࡿྜ㔠ඖ⣲ࡢຠ⋡ⓗ౑⏝ࠊ〇㐀࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ࡢపῶࠊࢫࢡࣛࢵࣉ฼⏝⋡ࡢྥୖࡀồࡵࡽࢀࠊ౑⏝ୖ࡛ࡣ࣮ࣘࢨ࣮ࡢ⏕⏘ᛶྥୖࡢࡓࡵ࡟ࠊࡼࡾ㧗 ࣭㧗㈇Ⲵ࡛ࡢ౑⏝࡟⪏࠼ࡽࢀࡿ≉ᛶ࡬ࡢᨵⰋࡀᛴົࡢㄢ㢟࡜࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡇࢀࢆ㐩ᡂࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࡣࠊ⇕ฎ⌮᮲௳➼ࡢ〇㐀ࣉࣟࢭࢫࢆไᚚࡋࠊ᭱㐺࡞ᚤ⣽⤌⧊ࢆ㧗࠸⢭ᗘ࡛సࡾ㎸ࡴᢏ⾡ࡀᚲせ࡜ࡉࢀࡿࠋ㕲㗰ᮦᩱࡢᙉᗘࡸ㠌ᛶ➼ࡢ≉ᛶࡣᚤ⣽⤌⧊࡟ᙉࡃ౫Ꮡࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ▱ࡽࢀ࡚࠾ࡾࠊࡇࢀࡲ࡛ࡶᚤ⣽⤌⧊ࡢኚ໬࡜≉ᛶ࡟ᑐࡍࡿᙳ㡪ࡀ┒ࢇ࡟◊✲ࡉࢀ࡚ࡁࡓࠋࡋ࠿ࡋࠊ⇕㛫ᕤල㗰ࡣ࣑ࢡࣟࣥࢧ࢖ࢬࡢ⤖ᬗ⤌⧊࠿ࡽࢧࣈ࣑ࢡ࣭ࣟࣥࢼࣀࢧ࢖ࢬࡢᯒฟ࣭ศᩓ⢏Ꮚࡲ࡛ᗈ⠊ᅖ࡞ࢧ࢖ࢬࡢ⤌⧊࠿ࡽᡂࡾ❧ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡓࡵࠊTEM ࡸ SEM ➼ࡢ༢୍ࡢᡭἲ࡟ࡼࡿ⤌⧊ほᐹ࡛ࡣ⤌⧊ࡢኚ໬ࢆᐃ㔞ⓗ࡟ホ౯ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀᅔ㞴࡛࠶ࡾࠊ⇕ฎ⌮᮲௳࡜ᚤ⣽⤌⧊࣭≉ᛶࡢ㛵ಀࡣ᫂ࡽ࠿࡛ࡣ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࠋ୍᪉ࠊᑠゅᩓ஘ἲࡣᚤ⣽⤌⧊ࡢᐃ㔞ホ౯࡟ඃࢀࡓᡭἲ࡛࠶ࡾࠊ⤌⧊ࡢኚ໬ࢆᐃ㔞໬ࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟᭱㐺࡛࠶ࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿ[1,2]ࠋࡑࡇ࡛ᮏㄢ㢟࡛ࡣࠊ㠌ᛶ࡟ࡶ኱ࡁ࡞ᙳ㡪ࢆ࠾ࡼࡰࡍᚤ⣽⤌⧊࡟ᑐࡍࡿ⇕ฎ⌮᮲௳ࡢຠᯝࢆᐃ㔞ⓗ࡟ぢ✚ࡶࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ┠ⓗ࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊSPring-8 BL19B2 ࣅ࣮࣒ࣛ࢖ࣥ࡟࠾࠸࡚ X ⥺ᑠゅᩓ஘㻔SAXS㻕 ᐃࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋᐇ㦂㸸 ヨᩱࡣỗ⏝ࡢ⇕㛫ᕤල㗰 SKD61㻔Fe-0.4C-1Si-0.4Mn-5Cr-1.2Mo-1V㻕ࢆ⏝࠸ࠊཌࡉ⣙ 20 ࣐࢖ࢡ࣓ࣟ
࣮ࢺࣝࡢⷧᯈࢆ SAXS ᐃヨᩱ࡜ࡋࡓࠋ⇕ฎ⌮᮲௳ࡢᙳ㡪ࢆㄪ࡭ࡿࡓࡵࠊ↝࡞ࡲࡋࡉࢀࡓヨᩱ࡜ࡉࢀ࡚࠸࡞࠸ヨᩱࢆ ᐃࡋࠊẚ㍑ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋࡲࡓࠊ↝ධຍ⇕ಖᣢ᫬㛫ࡢ␗࡞ࡿヨᩱࢆ ᐃࡋࠊྠᵝ࡟ẚ㍑ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋࡍ࡭࡚ࡢヨᩱ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ 600~650Υ࡛ 1 ᫬㛫ࡢ↝ᡠࡋࢆᩘᅇ⾜࠸ࠊࣟࢵࢡ࢙࢘ࣝ◳ࡉ࡛ 45 HRC ࡟ㄪᩚࡋࡓࠋྛヨᩱࡢ⇕ฎ⌮᮲௳ࢆ⾲ 1 ࡟♧ࡍࠋ ᴟᑠゅ㡿ᇦࡢ SAXS ᐃ㻔USAXS㻕ࡣ SPring-8 BL19B2 ࣅ࣮࣒ࣛ࢖ࣥ࡟タ⨨ࡉࢀࡓ USAXS ⿦⨨ࢆ฼⏝ࡋ࡚⾜ࡗࡓࠋ㧗 q 㡿ᇦࡢ SAXS ᐃࡣࣛ࣎ SAXS ⿦⨨࡟ࡼࡾ⾜ࡗࡓࠋධᑕ X ⥺ࡢ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮
࡜ࡋ࡚ 18 keV ࢆ㑅ᢥࡋࠊ᳨ฟჾࡣ 2 ḟඖ఩⨨ᩄឤᆺ᳨ฟჾ㻔PILATUS-2M㻕ࢆ⏝࠸ࡓࠋヨᩱ—᳨ฟჾ㛫㊥㞳ࡣ 43 m ࡜ࡋࡓࠋᩓ஘ᙉᗘࡢ⤯ᑐ್ࢆᚓࡿࡓࡵࠊAdvanced Photon Source ࡢ Jan Ilavsky ࡼࡾᥦ౪ࡉࢀࡓࢢࣛࢵࢩ࣮࣮࢝࣎ࣥࢆᶆ‽ヨᩱ࡜ࡋ࡚ ᐃࡋࡓ[3]ࠋヨᩱ 1ヨᩱ 2ヨᩱ 3ヨᩱ 4⾲ 1 ྛヨᩱࡢ⇕ฎ⌮᮲௳.
↝࡞ࡲࡋ↝ධຍ⇕ಖᣢ
↝ᡠࡋ
860Υ, 3 ᫬㛫1030Υ, 1 ᫬㛫࡞ࡋ1030Υ, 1 ᫬㛫
600~650Υ↝ᡠࡋ
860Υ, 3 ᫬㛫1030Υ, 1 ᫬㛫860Υ, 3 ᫬㛫1030Υ, 5 ᫬㛫⤖ᯝ࠾ࡼࡧ⪃ᐹ㸸
USAXS ᐃ࠾ࡼࡧ SAXS ᐃࡢ⤖ᯝࠊほ ࡉࢀࡓ 2 ḟඖᩓ஘ࣃࢱ࣮ࣥࡣ࠸ࡎࢀࡢヨᩱ࡟࠾࠸࡚
ࡶ➼᪉ⓗ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࡇ࡜࠿ࡽࠊᚤ⣽⤌⧊ࡣ➼᪉ⓗ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋᅗ 1 ࡟↝࡞ࡲࡋࢆ⾜ࡗࡓヨᩱ㸦ヨ
ᩱ 1㸧࡜⾜ࡗ࡚࠸࡞࠸ヨᩱ㸦ヨᩱ 2㸧ࡢ I-q ࣉࣟࣇ࢓࢖ࣝࢆ♧ࡍࠋᅗ 2 ࡣ↝ධຍ⇕ಖᣢ᫬㛫 1 ᫬㛫㸦ヨᩱ 3㸧࡜ 5 ᫬㛫㸦ヨᩱ 4㸧ࡢ I-q ࣉࣟࣇ࢓࢖࡛ࣝ࠶ࡿࠋ࠸ࡎࢀࡢヨᩱࡶ 0.005<q<3 nm-1 ࡢ㡿ᇦ࡛ᚤ⣽⤌⧊ࡢᩓ஘ࡀほ ࡉࢀࡓࠋᚓࡽࢀࡓࣉࣟࣇ࢓࢖ࣝࡣୗグࡢ 3 ✀㢮ࡢ㡿ᇦ࡟ศࡅࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࠋ㡿ᇦ㻔1㻕㸸q<⣙ 0.006 nm-1 ࡟ぢࡽࢀࡿ q-4 ࡟㏆࠸ഴࡁࡢ㡿ᇦ㻔800 nm ௨ୖࡢ⤌⧊࡟┦ᙜ㻕㡿ᇦ㻔2㻕㸸⣙ 0.006<q<⣙ 0.2 nm-1 ࡢ㡿ᇦ㻔ᩘ 10ࠥᩘ 100 nm㻕
㡿ᇦ㻔3㻕㸸q>0.2 nm-1 ࡟ぢࡽࢀࡿ q-4 ࡼࡾࡶ⦆ࡸ࠿࡞ഴࡁࡢ㡿ᇦ㻔ᩘ nm㻕㡿ᇦ㻔1㻕ࡣ 1 μm ࡼࡾࡶ኱ࡁ࡞⤌⧊ࡢᩓ஘࡟┦ᙜࡍࡿࡀࠊᮏᐇ㦂ࡢほ 㡿ᇦ࡟ࡣࡇࡢ⤌⧊࡟ᑐᛂࡍࡿ Guinier 㡿ᇦ㸦ࣉࣟࣇ࢓࢖ࣝࡢഴࡁࡀ⦆ࡸ࠿࡟࡞ࡾࠊᖹࡽ࡟࡞ࡿ㡿ᇦ㸧ࡀほ ࡉࢀ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࡓࡵࠊヲ⣽࡞ࢧ࢖ࢬࡣ୙࡛᫂࠶ࡿࠋᩓ஘ᙉᗘࡣࠊヨᩱ 1ࠊ2 ࡛࡯ࡰྠࡌ࡛࠶ࡾࠊヨᩱ 3ࠊ4 ࡛ࡶ࡯ࡰྠࡌ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࡀࠊヨᩱ 1ࠊ2 ࡜ヨᩱ 3ࠊ4 ࡣ␗࡞ࡿᙉᗘ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋࡇࡢࡓࡵࠊヨᩱ㛫࡛ᕪ␗ࡣ࠶ࡿࡀࠊ↝࡞ࡲࡋࡶࡋࡃࡣ↝ධࢀࡢᙳ㡪ࢆཷࡅ࡞࠸⤌⧊࡟ࡼࡿᩓ஘࡛࠶ࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ
㡿ᇦ㻔2㻕࡟ࡣ Guinier 㡿ᇦࡀほ ࡉࢀࠊࡲࡓࠊ↝࡞ࡲࡋ࠾ࡼࡧ↝ධຍ⇕ಖᣢ࡟ࡼࡿ㢧ⴭ࡞ࣉࣟࣇ࢓
࢖ࣝࡢኚ໬ࡀぢࡽࢀࡓࠋ㟁Ꮚ㢧ᚤ㙾ほᐹ⤖ᯝ࡜ẚ㍑ࡍࡿ࡜ࠊヨᩱ୰࡛㡿ᇦ㻔2㻕࡟ᑐᛂࡍࡿࢧ࢖ࢬࡢ⤌⧊ࡣ MC ᆺⅣ໬≀࡛࠶ࡿࡓࡵࠊࡇࡢኚ໬ࡣ MC ᆺⅣ໬≀⢏Ꮚࡢኚ໬࡟ࡼࡿࡶࡢ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ
ᅗ 1 ࢆぢࡿ࡜ࠊ↝ࡁ࡞ࡲࡋࢆ⾜ࡗࡓヨᩱ࡛ࡣ Guinier 㡿ᇦࡀ↝࡞ࡲࡋࢆ⾜ࡗ࡚࠸࡞࠸ヨᩱࡼࡾࡶపq 㡿ᇦ࡟⌧ࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋGuinier 㡿ᇦࡢప q ഃ࡬ࡢࢩࣇࢺࡣࢧ࢖ࢬࡢቑ኱ࢆ཯ᫎࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜࠿ࡽࠊ↝࡞ࡲࡋ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ MC ᆺⅣ໬≀ࡢࢧ࢖ࢬࡀቑ኱ࡋࡓ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ↝ධຍ⇕ಖᣢ᫬㛫ࡢኚ໬࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ࡶࠊ↝࡞ࡲࡋࡢ᭷↓࡜ྠᵝ࡟㡿ᇦ㻔2㻕࡟ኚ໬ࡀ⌧ࢀࡓ㸦ᅗ 2㸧ࠋヨᩱ 3 ࡜ 4 ࡢࣉࣟࣇ࢓࢖ࣝࢆẚ㍑ࡍࡿ࡜ࠊ0.02<q<0.1 nm-1 ࡢ㡿ᇦ࡟㐪࠸ࡀぢࡽࢀࡿࠋࡇࢀࡣࠊ0.008<q<0.02 nm-1 ௜㏆࡟ぢࡽࢀࡿ
Guinier 㡿ᇦࡀࠊヨᩱ 4 ࡛ప q 㡿ᇦ࡟ࢩࣇࢺࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡓࡵࠊࡇࢀࡼࡾ㧗 q ഃ࡛ࣉࣟࣇ࢓࢖ࣝ࡟ᕪࡀ⏕ࡌࡓ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋࡋࡓࡀࡗ࡚ࠊ↝ධຍ⇕ಖᣢ᫬㛫ࡀ㛗࠸⛬ MC ᆺⅣ໬≀⢏Ꮚࡀ⢒኱໬ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ
㡿ᇦ㻔3㻕ࡣᩘ nm ⛬ᗘࡢࢧ࢖ࢬ࡟┦ᙜࡋࠊ᫂░࡞ Guinier 㡿ᇦࡀぢࡽࢀ࡞࠸ࡇ࡜࠿ࡽࠊࢧ࢖ࢬศᕸ
ࡢᗈ࠸ᯒฟ≀⢏Ꮚࡢᩓ஘࡛࠶ࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋࡇࡢ㡿ᇦ࡟ࡣヨᩱ 1~4 ࡢ㛫࡛㐪࠸ࡀぢࡽࢀ࡞࠸ࡓ
ࡵࠊᩘ nm ⛬ᗘࡢᚤ⣽⤌⧊࡟ᑐࡍࡿ↝࡞ࡲࡋ࠾ࡼࡧ↝ධࢀࡢᙳ㡪ࡣᑠࡉ࠸࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊ௒ᅇࡢヨᩱࡣ࠸ࡎࢀࡶ⇕ฎ⌮࡟ࡼࡗ࡚➼ࡋࡃ 45 HRC ࡟ㄪᩚࡉࢀࡓࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡾࠊᩘ nm ࡢᚤ⣽⤌⧊
࡟ࡶྠᵝ࡟㐪࠸ࡀぢࡽࢀ࡞࠸ࡇ࡜࠿ࡽࠊࡇࡢᩘ nm ࡢᚤ⣽⤌⧊ࡀ◳ࡉࡢᨭ㓄ⓗせᅉ࡛࠶ࡿྍ⬟ᛶࡀ࠶ࡿࠋ௨ୖࡢ⤖ᯝᮏㄢ㢟࡛ࡣࠊSAXS ࢆ⏝࠸࡚↝࡞ࡲࡋ࡜↝ධຍ⇕ಖᣢ࡟ࡼࡿ MC ᆺⅣ໬≀ࡢኚ໬ࢆ᫂░࡟ほ ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡓࠋᩘ nm ⛬ᗘࡢ MC ᆺⅣ໬≀ࡣࡇࢀࡽࡢᙳ㡪ࢆ࡯࡜ࢇ࡝ཷࡅ࡞࠸ࡢ࡟ᑐࡋ࡚ࠊࢧࣈ࣑ࢡ࣮ࣟࣥ࢜ࢲ࣮ࡢ MC ᆺⅣ໬≀ࡣ↝࡞ࡲࡋࡶࡋࡃࡣ↝ධຍ⇕ಖᣢ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚⢒኱໬ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀศ࠿ࡗࡓࠋ௒ᚋࡢㄢ㢟㸸
௒ᚋࡣࠊEDX ➼ࡢ⤌ᡂศᯒἲࢆά⏝ࡋࠊMC ᆺⅣ໬≀ࡢ⤌ᡂࢆỴᐃࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡛ࠊ⢏Ꮚᩘᐦᗘ➼ࡢᐃ㔞ⓗ࡞ẚ㍑᳨ウࢆ⾜࠺ࠋࡲࡓࠊ୰ᛶᏊᑠゅᩓ஘ ᐃ㻔SANS㻕ࢆ᳨ウࡍࡿࠋSANS ࡛ࡣࠊ␗᪉ⓗ࡞⤌⧊ࢆᣢࡘヨᩱࡢゎᯒࡣ㞴ࡋ࠸ࡀࠊࡼࡾప q 㡿ᇦࡢ ᐃࡀྍ⬟࡛࠶ࡾࠊࡉࡽ࡟ SAXS ࡜ SANSࡢ⤖ᯝࢆẚ㍑ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡛ࠊMC ᆺⅣ໬≀ࡢ⤌ᡂࡢᐃ㔞ⓗゎᯒࡀྍ⬟࡛࠶ࡿࠋ௨ୖࡢᚓࡽࢀࡓ್ࢆᇶ࡟ࠊ㠌ᛶ➼ࡢ≉ᛶ࡜ࡢẚ㍑ࢆ⾜࠺ࠋཧ⪃ᩥ⊩㸸
[1] M. Ohnuma, J. Suzuki, S. Ohtsuka, S.-W. Kim, T. Kaito, M. Inoue, and H. Kitazawa, Acta Mater. 57,5571 㻔2009㻕.
[2] Y. Oba, K. Suresh, M. Ohnuma, T. Murakami, H. Hatano, K. Sasakawa, A. Kitahara, and J. Suzuki, ISIJ
Int. 㻔accepted㻕.
[3] F. Zhang, J. Ilavsky, G. Long, J. Quintana, A. Allen, P. Jemian, Metall. Mater. Trans. A, 41A, 1151
㻔2010㻕.

ᅗ 1 ↝࡞ࡲࡋࢆ⾜ࡗࡓヨᩱ㸦ヨᩱ 1㸧࡜⾜ࡗ࡚࠸࡞࠸ヨᩱ㸦ヨᩱ 2㸧ࡢ I-q ࣉࣟࣇ࢓࢖ࣝࡢẚ㍑ࠋ▮༳ࡣྛヨᩱࡢ㡿ᇦ㻔2㻕ࡢ Guinier 㡿ᇦࢆ♧ࡍࠋⅬ⥺ࡣ㡿ᇦ㻔1㻕ࠥ㻔3㻕ࡢቃ⏺ࢆ♧ࡍࠋ

ᅗ 2 ↝ධࢀಖᣢ 1 ᫬㛫ࡢヨᩱ㸦ヨᩱ 3㸧࡜ 5 ᫬㛫ࡢヨᩱ㸦ヨᩱ 4㸧ࡢ I-q ࣉࣟࣇ࢓࢖ࣝࡢẚ㍑ࠋ▮༳ࡢ⟠ᡤ࡛ࣉࣟࣇ࢓࢖ࣝࡢኚ໬ࡀぢࡽࢀࡿࠋࡇࡢኚ໬ࡣ㡿ᇦ㻔2㻕ࡢ Guinier㡿ᇦࡢࢩࣇࢺ࡟ࡼࡿࡶࡢ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ