特別史跡常陸国分寺跡
保存活用計画

令和２年（2020）３月

石岡市教育委員会

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大正11年（1922）10月12日に常陸国分寺跡は国の史跡指定を受け，実に98年がたちました。その後，昭和27年３月29日には国史跡から選ばれる特別史跡に指定されました。天平13年（741）に聖武天皇の命により建立されたこの寺院が今も継承され，大切に保存されてきたことはとても意義深いことと思われます。
この度策定されたこの計画は，文化財としての常陸国分寺跡を将来に伝えるために確実に保存し，活用をはかるための基本的な方法を示したものです。現国分寺住職，考古学や古代史の専門家の方，地元の代表の方，そして市民の皆様のご意見を拝聴しながら，策定にこぎつけることができました。国指定からおよそ100年，ようやくスタート地点につくことができたと，改めて身の引き締まる思いです。
この計画を市政に着実に反映させていくことをお約束しつつ，挨拶とさせていただきます。

石岡市教育委員会
教育長

3児

島裕治例
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言

本書は，茨城県石岡市府中に所在する特別史跡常陸国分寺跡の保存活用計画である。

２

本計画の策定にかかる事業は，石岡市教育委員会が主体となり，文化庁の国庫補助を受けて平成29年度に航空測量，平成30年度・令和元年度に計画検討を実施した。

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本計画は，特別史跡常陸国分寺跡保存活用計画策定委員会における検討・審議，および文化庁文化財部文化財第二課，茨城県教育庁文化課の指導を得て，事務局である石岡市教育委員会がまとめたものである。

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本計画の策定にあたり，航空測量を株式会社東京航業研究所，図版作成・編集等のコンサルタント業務を株式会社文化財保存計画協会に委託した。

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特別史跡常陸国分寺跡保存活用計画

目

次・序・例

言

第１章

保存活用計画策定の目的と経過 ·············· 1第１節

保存活用計画策定の目的 ··································1

第２節

保存活用計画の対象範囲 ··································2第３節

保存活用計画策定の経過 ··································4

１．委員会の設置 ············································4
２．審議等の経過 ············································4
３．住民説明会の開催 ········································5第４節

保存活用計画の実施 ······································5第２章

特別史跡常陸国分寺跡の概要 ················· 6第１節

史跡指定・特別史跡指定に至る経過 ························6

第２節

指定内容 ················································8

１．史跡指定の内容 ··········································8
２．特別史跡指定の内容 ·····································10第３節

常陸国分寺跡を取り巻く諸環境 ···························12

１．石岡市の市勢 ···········································12
２．自然環境 ···············································13
３．歴史的環境 ·············································16
４．社会的環境 ·············································27
第４節

発掘調査からみた常陸国分寺跡 ···························30

１．伽藍配置及び範囲 ·······································30
２．主要遺構 ···············································31
３．まとめ ·················································39第５節

指定地内の文化財建造物 ·································42

１．旧千手院山門（石岡市指定文化財） ·······················42
２．都々一坊扇歌堂（石岡市指定文化財） ·····················425第３章

特別史跡常陸国分寺跡の価値 ················ 43

第１節

指定地（Ⅰ地区）の価値 ·································43

１．主要な価値 ·············································43
２．副次的な価値 ···········································44
第２節

指定地外（Ⅱ地区）の価値（南門・塔地区） ···············45

１．主要な価値 ·············································45
２．副次的な価値 ···········································45

第４章

現状と課題 ···································· 47

第１節

計画対象範囲の現状と課題 ·······························47

１．土地利用等の状況 ·······································47
２．現状と課題 ·············································49
第２節

関係法令と関連計画 ·····································52

１．関係法令 ···············································52
２．上位計画・関連計画 ·····································55

第５章

計画の大綱 ···································· 59

第６章

保存管理 ······································ 61

第１節

対象範囲の地区区分 ·····································61

１．Ⅰ地区（指定地） ·······································61
２．Ⅱ地区（南門・塔地区） ·································61
第２節

各地区の構成要素 ·······································63

１．Ⅰ地区（指定地） ·······································63
２．Ⅱ地区（南門・塔地区） ·································66
第３節

地区別の保存管理の方向性及び方法 ·······················68

１．ⅠA地区（国分寺境内） ··································68
２．ⅠB地区（住宅地） ······································68
３．ⅠC地区（国道），ⅠD地区（市道） ························69
４．Ⅱ地区（指定地外，南門・塔地区） ·······················69
第４節

発掘調査 ···············································70

１．Ⅰ地区（指定地） ·······································70
２．Ⅱ地区（指定地外の南門・塔地区） ·······················70
３．国分遺跡 ···············································70
第５節

6Ⅰ地区（指定地）における現状変更等の取扱 ···············71

１．現状変更等の取扱に関する基本的事項 ·····················71
２．現状変更等の取扱基準 ···································73
第６節

Ⅱ地区における埋蔵文化財の取扱 ·························77

１．埋蔵文化財包蔵地における土木工事等のための掘削 ·········77２．土木工事等の取扱い ·····································77
第７節

追加指定と公有地化 ·····································79

１．追加指定 ···············································79
２．公有地化 ···············································80

第７章

活第１節

方向性 ·················································81

第２節

方第８章

法 ·················································82

整備 ········································· 84

第１節

方向性 ·················································84

第２節

方法 ·················································84

第９章

管理運営・体制の整備 ······················· 86

第１節

方向性 ·················································86

第２節

方法と体制 ·············································86

第10章

施策の実施 ···································· 87

第１節

段階的な事業区分 ·······································87

第２節

段階ごとの事業計画 ·····································88

第11章

経過観察 ······································ 89

第１節

方向性 ·················································89

第２節

方・巻末資料7

用 ········································· 81

法 ·················································898

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