The Planchet
A Publication of theIndianapolis Coin Club
July 2011 Issue 525

The next meeting will be Monday,
July 25th
The Meetings of the Indianapolis Coin Club are held
the fourth Monday of each month at theNorthside Knights of Columbus
2100 E. 71st Street in Indianapolis, Indiana.
The Meetings consist of a business session, an intermission, educational program,and a numismatic auction. Doors open at 6:00pm, meeting will begin at 7:00pm.

Meeting Topic:
Varieties in Reichsmark notes in 1945-46
By Joe Boling2011 Meeting Dates:
July 25th
Aug. 22rd
Sept. 26th
Oct. 24th
Nov. 24thDecember Banquet

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DOUBLE D. KOINSDONALD D. KING SR.
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Officers and Board Members
President
Jim Roehrdanz
Vice-President
Donn Wray
SecretaryVinton Dove
Treasurer
Don KingEditor
Matt Dinger
Past President
Matt Dinger
Sgt-at-Arms
Jim Warden
Board Member 2011-2012 Dave Reid
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Board Member 2011-2012 Mark Eberhardt
Board Member 2010-2011 Jim Fuson
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Board Member 2010-2011 Michael White$35.00 for a business card size
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The Monthly Planchet is the official publication of the Indianapolis
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inquiries should be sent to ICC, P.O. Box 2897, Indianapolis,Indiana, 46206.

Introduction to shipwreck coins.
Augi Garcia
For most people the word shipwreck represents the old sunken Spanish galleons, dismasted and rudderless in hurricane seas... panicked crew helpless and praying as the ship is driven onto a reef that rips open the fragile hull and sends her chests of gold and silver
to the bottom. Indeed many Spanish galleons returning to Europe from the Americas met this tragic fate. By some estimates a third ofSpain’s treasure ships never made it home. A lot of treasure is still waiting to be recovered!
Spanish galleons were not the only treasure ships plying the cruel seas. The Dutch, the English, the French and the Portuguese all
sailed treasure ships to and from the New World and the Orient, and all suffered horrific losses in the process. The long voyage fromEurope to the Orient in particular was as important to the European economies as the Spanish-Caribbean connection. Many Dutch andEnglish treasure ships perished on that route.
Between 1492 and the early 19th century Spain extracted billions and billions of dollars worth of gold, silver, precious gems and othertreasures from the Caribbean, Mexican and South American colonies. Treasure and other trade goods were loaded at the new Spanishports in Panama, Colombia, Ecuador, Bolivia, Mexico, Peru and the Philippines, then shipped to Spain in large armed Fleet of Galleons.
The Spanish Colonial Mints at Potosi, Lima, Cartagena, Cuzco and Mexico City labored day and night to produce the irregularly
shaped gold and silver coins commonly referred to as macuquinas (crude hammered coins) or ―Cobs'" this world is the simplificationof the Spanish phrase, "Cabo de Barra", that means "the end of a bar" this pieces were sliced off silver bars from the Spanish Colonies,
trimmed to weight and then struck between crude dies, thus No two cobs are ever exactly alike! that is what makes these"macuquinas" unique and really interesting to collect.. Ironically, the Spanish Crown put its Colonial mints to the trouble of striking
coins only to have much of the coinage shipped to Spain and immediately remelted and restruck as Spanish coins "Ship Money". The
point of coining the silver and gold in the New World was to better monitor and control its shipment. Some of the gold and silver
coins were of course retained in the New World to serve the function of a local coinage.
Gold and silver cobs were hand-struck on unshaped blanks using locally produced dies, then trimmed to approximately the proper
weight. Cobs were minted from the early 1500’s until the mid -18th century, when the mechanical press finally introduced modern
milled coinage to the Spanish colonial mints. The Milled Coin era began first in Mexico in 1732, then about twenty years later in Colombia and forty years later in El Peru.
Cobs (and the subsequent milled coins) were minted in gold denominations of 8, 4, 2, and 1 and 1/2 Escudos (Doubloons), and in silver denominations of 8, 4, 2, 1, ½ and ¼ Reales (Pieces of Eight). Copper coins were also occasionally struck in denominations of 4,3, 2, and 1 Maravedis.
By a royal statute first promulgated in the reign of Carlos I, the official weights of the silver Reales were as follows:

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8 Reales (cob) = 27.3 grams [0.96 ounces] (also known as Pieces of Eight)
4 Reales (cob) = 13.65 grams [0.48 ounces]
2 Reales (cob) = 6.825 grams [0.24 ounces]
1 Real (cob) = 3.4125 grams [0.12 ounces]
1/2 Real (cob) = 1.70625 grams [0.06 ounces]
1/4 Real (cob) = 0.853125 grams [0.03 ounces] (also known as Cuartillos)(I did not include diameter because it may vary depending on the mint, year and assayer.)The production of silver cobs from irregularly cut blanks of silver (planchets) meant these ideals weight were rarely achieved. Cobs were often
up to 3-4% underweight, and occasionally overweight. With the introduction of milled silver coins—first Pillars, then the Bust series—weightsbecame much standardized. Keep in mind that when we are talking about "Treasure Coins" a notorious underweight is very common due to thecorrosion originated by salty water and erosion created by being 300-400 years at the bottom of the sea.
Both cobs and milled coinage are found on Spanish Treasure wrecks, depending on date the ship was lost. Here is a list of some of the most
famous Spanish (and Dutch) shipwrecks, and a brief indication of the type of coinage recovered from the wreck:The ―Golden Fleece‖ wreck, a Spanish ship lost in Caribbean in 1550's, carried gold and silver bullion, plus early Mexican silver cobsfrom the reign of Carlos & Johanna (Juana).
The Nuestra Señora de Atocha, a galleon of the 1622 Fleet lost in Florida Keys, carried large quantities of silver bullion and silver cobs.
The Santa Margarita, another 1622 ship lost in the same storm, carried the same cargo of silver cobs and bullion.
The Nuestra Señora De La Concepcion, lost off the isle of Hispaniola, Dominican Republic in 1641, carried substantial amounts of silver
cobs.
The Jesus Maria de La Limpia Concepcion "La Capitana,‖ a Spanish galleon wrecked off Chanduy, Ecuador in 1654, carried silver cobs ofboth the old Shield and new Pillars design (also transitional and countermarked pieces).
The Nuestra Señora de Las Maravillas, a Spanish galleon sunk off Grand Bahamas Island in the Caribbean in 1656, carried Colombiangold cobs and both old and new style silver cobs.
The Santa Maria de La Consolacion ―Pirate related Ship,‖ A Spanish galleon lost off Santa Clara Island, Ecuador in 1681, carried silvercobs.
The 1715 Fleet, eleven Spanish ships lost together in a hurricane along the East Coast of Florida in July of 1715, carried large numbers ofgold and silver cobs.
The 1733 Fleet, twenty-two Spanish ships, most of which were lost in a hurricane in the Florida Keys, carried silver cobs.
The Dutch merchantman Rooswijk, lost in 1739 on the Goodwin Sands, England, carried silver bullion, cobs, klippes and early pillar dollars.
The Spanish ship El Cazador, sunk off the Louisiana coast of the US in 1784, carried Bust-type milled Spanish silver.
The Princess Louisa, lost off Cape Verde, South Africa in 1743, carried silver cobs.
The VOC merchantman Hollandia, lost off the Isles of Sicily in 1743, carried silver pillars dollars and a few silver cobs.
The Nuestra Señora de la Luz, lost in Montevideo harbor, Uruguay in 1752, carried gold and silver cobs.
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June 27, 2011 - Minutes of the Indianapolis Coin Club Meeting.
Open – The meeting was called to order at 7:00 PM by the Club President, Jim Roehrdanz. 34of the 36 people present signed the attendance book. We met at the Northside Knights of Columbus Hall, 2100 East 71st Street.
Visitors – The President welcomed the visitor, Keith Filler.
There was no Secretary’s report. The Treasurer’s report was read and accepted.
The Educational Program – The speaker for the evening was Michael White. His program
was titled ―Counterfeit Coins from China.‖ It was very informative and was downright scary!
Counterfeits can now be bought on the internet cheap, and they look real. He had examples ofUS Silver Dollars and Trade Dollars. A lively discussion followed his presentation.
After the Break, the 50/50 Drawing was run by Club Treasurer, Don King. Karl Kreck was thewinner.
Auction – Club Board Member, Mark Eberhardt, ran the auction. There were 18 paid auction
sheets plus two tickets for the Brickyard activities donated by Joe Boling. The tickets brought awinning bid of $18.00, which was donated to the Club. Bob Bettcher, Dave Reid, Donn Wrayand Ivan Lephart assisted.
The club adjourned at 9:00 PM.
Respectfully submitted,
Dave Reid, substituting for the Secretary