Oil Spill Response and East Asia Response Limited
Oil Spill Management Course

Notes

Industry resources for responding to oil spills ~What determines their effectiveness?

Paolo Linzi ~ Chairman OSRL EARL
Dave Salt ~ Operations Director OSRL EARL

Early beginnings
1967 – The Torrey Canyon
The UK’s and world’s first major post-war
maritime pollution disaster.
The UK’s response lacked in all areas.
Spur for much of the oil industry responseplans

Oil Spill Response and East Asia Response Limited
Oil Spill Management Course

Notes

1980’s Oil Spill Incidents

 Amoco Cadiz , Brittany Esso Bernicia , Shetland Christos Bitas , Milford Haven Andros Patrea, Spain

Late 1980’s ~ Early 1990’s

 Exxon Valdez
 Mega Borg
 Maersk Navigator Nagasaki Spirit
 Sanko Honour HavenOil Spill Response and East Asia Response Limited
Oil Spill Management Course

Notes

Oil Industry Reaction•Planning Regime
Introduction of Tiered response
concept•Resources
BP OSSC established inSouthampton 1981
CCA established in Caribbean

IPIECA Oil Spill Preparedness and Response
deals with response issues– Good source of technical information– Downloadable from www.ipieca.org– Recently updated document on tiered
response philosophy

Oil Spill Response and East Asia Response Limited
Oil Spill Management Course

Notes

International Response from Industry andGovernment

 Oil pollution Act 1990 passed by Congress– Prescriptive Planning and response
requirements

 International Maritime Organisation OPRCConvention– Convention to improve response capabilities

 Ship construction rules changed– Double Hulls

 ISM Code– Improved management arrangements

 Ship Vetting– More interest in shipping Quality

Improvements in response arrangements
 MSRC developed in USA
 EARL established in Singapore
 OSRL capability expanded in UK AMOSC established in Australia
 CCA redeveloped in Caribbean
 PAJ stockpiles established along traderoutes
 PIMMAG established in Malaysia

Oil Spill Response and East Asia Response Limited
Oil Spill Management Course

Notes

Impact of measures

Source ITOPF

 Combined impact of all measures has
led to a general reduction in tanker
incidents

Consolidation and the drive to share experience andknowledge

 Reduced spill frequency leads to limited
opportunity to gain skills
 Changing demographic profile in industry
means experience is being lost Outsourcing of response provisions
 Need to create fora to share experience– International Petroleum Environmental Conservation
Association ( IPIECA )– Global Response Network– Industry Technical Advisory Committee

Oil Spill Response and East Asia Response Limited
Oil Spill Management Course

Notes

Global Response Network
 Membership– Industry funded responseorganisation and not-for-profit– Substantive area / international remit– Willing to share resources with nofinancial gain to contributing party– Committed to the mission and fully
participate in each area of GRN cooperation

 Key functions– Enhanced use of industry resources
for training, during response,exercises, information exchanges– Sharing of best practice and helping
establish, between each, goodindustry model standards

Improving Global ResponseACS

NOFO
ECRC
OSRLEARLMSRC
CCA

OSRLEARL

AMOSC
MOU
AllianceOil Spill Response and East Asia Response Limited
Oil Spill Management Course

NotesMembers

 Founding Members– OSRL EARL
– MSRC Members involved since the launch– CCA– AMOSC– ACS– ECRC– NOFO

Deliverables
 Work groups to implement objectives– Response Activities Co-operation– Operations - Best Practice– Technical Development & Exchange Implementation so far– Spill back-up between OSRL EARL & MSRC
– OSRLEARL - MSRC secondments• Savannah• Southampton– Information sharing• Aviation issues• HSE issues– GRN Co-ordinator role supported by OSRL EARLOil Spill Response and East Asia Response Limited
Oil Spill Management Course

Notes

Industry Technical Advisory Committee

Response industry group formed to share experienceand knowledge
Access at www.industry-tac.org

Summary Significant resources are expended
worldwide to deal with oil spill response Oil industry record has improved
significantly over past years World is changing and different threats areemerging
 Need to retain structures to keep
experience and knowledge current

Oil Spill Response and East Asia Response Limited
Oil Spill Management Course

Notes

Response effectiveness No shortage of worldwide resources Availability of expertise and experience– Reducing within oil industry but available fromother sources• Government• Response industry• Insurers representatives

 So what are the issues in reality?

Oil Spill Response and East Asia Response Limited
Oil Spill Management CourseNotes

Effectiveness of Response
governed by

 The ability to call upon resources(access) The will to do so A clear understanding of what is needed The ability to deploy the resources The ability to manage the resources The ability to be able to say no toassistance if it is not required

Ability to call upon resources (1) Worldwide availability Nearest clearly the best logistical option– Speed– Price OPRC Convention provides framework toshare resources National issues may inhibit transboundary
movement– People– Equipment

Oil Spill Response and East Asia Response Limited
Oil Spill Management Course

Notes

The will to do so (2) Often face a resistance to call for help
– Perceived failure– Recognition of seriousness– Accuracy of spill report– ‘its under control syndrome’– Don’t want to escalate the problem syndrome– Fear of cost Consequences always follow

Understanding what is required (3) Right resources Right place
 Right time Not too much
 Not too little

Oil Spill Response and East Asia Response Limited
Oil Spill Management Course

Notes

The ability to deploy (4) Pointless having equipment thatcannot be deployed Need logistics support– Vessels– Transport– Recovered oil storage / disposal Need trained personnel
 Trained supervisors

The ability to manage resources (5) Management team
 Agreed objectives
 Agreed plan Command and control
 Supervisors in field Communications

Oil Spill Response and East Asia Response Limited
Oil Spill Management Course

Notes

The ability to say no (6) ‘Just more resources’ is not the answer
 Right resources Right place
 Right time Politics can be a problemSummary Large amount of resources available Only useful if put to work
 People more than equipment are thedrivers
 Recognition of the need to respondquickly but effectively
 Recognition that ‘all spills are different’
but in reality the ‘problems faced areinvariably the same’Oil Spill Response and East Asia Response Limited
Oil Spill Management CourseNotes