Controls of KEKB Complex< kazuro.furukawa @ kek.jp >Control System ofthe KEKB Accelerator Complex
Evolution in several aspects
Kazuro Furukawa, KEK
KEKB Control Group
Linac Control GroupICALEPCS 2007, Knoxville, US.

Kazuro Furukawa, KEK, Oct.2007.

Controls of KEKB Complex

Several aspects of Evolution of theAccelerator Controls at the both KEKB andLinac
Communication Networks
Equipment Controllers
Gradual Approach to EPICS
Scripting Languages

Summary

ICALEPCS 2007, Knoxville, US.

Kazuro Furukawa, KEK, Oct.2007.

Controls of KEKB Complex

Mt. Tsukuba

J-PARC

KEKB
PF-AR

ATF

STFPFLinac

ICALEPCS 2007, Knoxville, US.

Kazuro Furukawa, KEK, Oct.2007.

Controls of KEKB Complex

Mt. Tsukuba
B-factory: Electron/Positron
Asymmetric Collider for CP-violation Study~3km Dual-rings: Electron(8GeV - 1.4A) /Positron(3.5GeV - 1.8A)

J-PARC

KEKB
PF-AR

ATF

STF

PFLinac

ICALEPCS 2007, Knoxville, US.

Kazuro Furukawa, KEK, Oct.2007.

KEKB and Linac Accelerator

Controls of KEKB Complex

KEKB and LinacKEKB B-factory: Electron/Positron
Asymmetric Collider for CP-violation Study
~3km Dual-rings: Electron(8GeV - 1.4A) /Positron(3.5GeV - 1.8A)
Stable and Robust Operation
Many Active Operation ParametersImportance of Controls

Linac:~600m, 50Hz
8GeV 2nC Electron, 3.5GeV 1.2nC PositronBeam switchings for PF and PF-AR rings

Increase of Luminosity with Crab Cavities
ICALEPCS 2007, Knoxville, US.

Kazuro Furukawa, KEK, Oct.2007.

KEKB and Linac Accelerator

Controls of KEKB Complex

Increase of the Luminosity

Feb.2005
Continuous
Injections

May.2000

Apr.2003
Dual Bunch e+
ICALEPCS 2007, Knoxville, US.

NowCollision withCrab Cavities
Kazuro Furukawa, KEK, Oct.2007.

KEKB / Linac Controls

Controls of KEKB Complex

KEKB and Linac Control Systems
LinacControls Upgrade (1990~)1993
De-facto (and International) Standards, IP-only Networks

No long Shutdown for KEKB upgrade
3.5-times Energy increase, 10-times current increaseDivision changed at the end of UpgradeThree indirect User Facilities (KEKB, PF, PF-AR)
Fewer resources

KEKB
5-year Shutdown after TRISTAN 1994-1998
Precision requirements were much different for KEKBComplete transition of Controls
from Nodal at TRISTAN to EPICS+SAD at KEKB

Basically Single-user (Belle)
ICALEPCS 2007, Knoxville, US.

Kazuro Furukawa, KEK, Oct.2007.

Linac NetworkControls of KEKB Complex

Communication Network at Linac
Fiber-optic Networks (1982~)
Because of High-power modulators for rf systems

~30 Loops to connect many equipment controllers
However, the fiber-optic Technology was not mature enough yetOften Failed and Loop Topology made it difficult to identify the trouble

All IP network (1993~)
Still all Fiber-optic
Faster Ethernet enables shorter packets and less failures

Inherited at J-PARC Controls as wellGradual Transition of Technologies
From FDDI + 10Base-FL to 1000Base-LX + 100Base-Fx

Redundancy (1996~)
At more than 40 Ethernet links

Helped continuous operation in spite of a failure at nightRedundant Transceivers, then Rapid Spanning-tree and HSRP/VRRPICALEPCS 2007, Knoxville, US.

Kazuro Furukawa, KEK, Oct.2007.

KEKB NetworkControls of KEKB Complex

Communication Network at KEKBTRISTAN
Token Ring and CAMAC Serial highways
Token ring between mini-computers
CAMAC serial highways to equipment controllers

KEKB
IP Network for EPICS
FDDI+10BaseT to GbE+100Base-Tx
Sometimes unnecessary excess broadcast

ARCNet for equipment controllers
More than 200 network segments

MXI-2 for VXI-based frames
20 segments

Keep some CAMAC Serial highways
About 50 Crates
ICALEPCS 2007, Knoxville, US.

Kazuro Furukawa, KEK, Oct.2007.

Linac Controller

Controls of KEKB Complex

Equipment Controllers at Linac
1982~(1997) (1st generation)
300 microprocessor-based controllers
Linked together with home-grown fiber-optic network1993~now (upgrade of controls)150 PLCs (programmable logic controller)
Linked via only Fiber-optic Ethernet/IP
Control communication with servers and program development1995~now (upgrade for KEKB)
30 VXI for rf measurement
5 VME / 10 CAMAC for Timing
20 VME for Beam monitors

2006~ (upgrade of BPM readout)24 Oscilloscopes with WindowsXP IOC for 100 BPMs
10Gs/s, 50Hz acquisition, local processing with 20 calibration parameter/BPM
ICALEPCS 2007, Knoxville, US.

Kazuro Furukawa, KEK, Oct.2007.

KEKB Controller

Controls of KEKB Complex

Equipment Controllers at KEKBTRISTAN
Mostly CAMAC
Equipment group responsibility: CAMAC module and outside

KEKB
100 VME/IOC without Analog processing
200 VXI/MXI mainframes for 900 BPMs
50 CAMAC crates are kept for rf and vacuum
ARCNet boards for Magnet ps. settings, and others
GPIB for Magnet ps. readback, and others
PLCs for Magnet interlocks, and others
ICALEPCS 2007, Knoxville, US.

Kazuro Furukawa, KEK, Oct.2007.

EPICS at Linac

Controls of KEKB Complex

EPICS Transition at Linac
Home-grown RPC at Linac (1990~/1993~)
Bad timing but no choice because of end of old mini-computer support

No real transition to EPICS yet at Linac
There are middleware and applications

LynxOS Transition was developed (1994~1996)
To cover both RPC and EPICS with pthread, posix
Mostly working, Failed to get funding for Hardware/Software upgradeGateways to EPICS in several ways
Software-only IOC and Gateway (Clients to both RPC/CA)Portable Channel Access Server of EPICS-3.12 (1995~)
Soft-IOC with device support to Linac RPC (2002~)

Real IOCs are increasingPLC(rf,vacuum,magnet) and Linux, Oscilloscope(bpm) with Windows,VME(llrf and timing)
RPC servers read EPICS IOCs, EPICS gateways read RPC servers
ICALEPCS 2007, Knoxville, US.

Kazuro Furukawa, KEK, Oct.2007.

EPICS at KEKB

Controls of KEKB Complex

EPICS Transition at KEKB
Some candidates discussed after Nodal at TRISTANRPC/CORBA based control designReflective memory (hardware shared memory) designNo other choice than EPICS for KEKBNo man-power for control system software
The choice at SSC
International collaboration was attractive

ICALEPCS 2007, Knoxville, US.

Kazuro Furukawa, KEK, Oct.2007.

ArchiverControls of KEKB Complex

Archiver/Logger
LinacSeveral archivers with different filters and stored in ascii
Replaced with two EPICS archivers (2002)
Channel archiver, with Java viewer, and Web-based viewer
KEKBlog, SADscript-based viewer
Both ~400MB/day, Dynamic ADEL changes

KEKB
KEKBlog, since 1998
Once there was a plan to replace it with Channel ArchiverData conversion, no much performance differenceOnly ADEL-based filter
~2GB/daySADscript-based viewer is one of the most used applications
With Data analysis capability, easy manipulations
ICALEPCS 2007, Knoxville, US.

Kazuro Furukawa, KEK, Oct.2007.

Scripting Language

Controls of KEKB Complex

Scripting Languages
Heavy use because of rapid prototyping
Linac(1992~) Tcl/Tk as Test tools on Unix
(1997~) Tcl/Tk as Main Operator Programming Tool(Now) Mixture of Tcl/Tk, SADscript/Tk, Python/Tk
SADscript has most accelerator design capability
Covers many features like MATLAB, Mathematica, XAL, MADKEKB
(Nodal interpreter and Fortran covered everything at TRISTAN)

Python covers many areas which is not covered by medm
SADscript is used by operators and physicists everyday
Realization of novel ideas in hours
Only some ideas are effective, so rapid prototyping is important
ICALEPCS 2007, Knoxville, US.

Kazuro Furukawa, KEK, Oct.2007.

KEKB and Linac Operation

Controls of KEKB ComplexSADScript
Accelerator Modeling Environment
MAD-like Environment was created during TRISTAN
Needs for Conditionals, Flow-controls, Data manipulations, Plot, GUI

Mathematica-like Language
Not Real Symbolic Manipulation (Fast)Data Processing (Fit, FFT, …), List Processing (Mathematica like)EPICS CA (Synchronous and Asynchronous)
CaRead/CaWrite[ ], CaMonitor[ ], etc.

Tk Widget
Canvas Draw and “Plot”
KBFrame on top of Tk
Greek Letters

Relational Database
Inter-Process Communication (Exec, Pipe, etc)
System[ ], OpenRead/Write[ ], BidirectionalPipe[ ], etc.

Beam Operation with Full Accelerator Modeling Capability
Also Used for non-Accelerator Applications (Archiver viewer, Alarm handler, etc.)

Comparable to XAL, MATLAB, but very different architecture
ICALEPCS 2007, Knoxville, US.

Kazuro Furukawa, KEK, Oct.2007.

SADscript

Controls of KEKB Complex

Virtual Accelerator in SADscript
For Example in KEKB
most Beam Optics Condition is
maintained in the Optics PanelOther Panels Manipulate Parameters
Communicating with the Optics Panel(Oide, Koiso, Ohnishi et al)===>

Tune Measurement/Changer
ICALEPCS 2007, Knoxville, US.

Optics Panels
Kazuro Furukawa, KEK, Oct.2007.

Controls of KEKB Complex

Near Future
SADscript
Will be maintained, but should look more at XAL - CSSEPICS
Still many hopes waiting to be realizedMore integration between control systems
PLC usage
IEC61131-3 Standards

FPGA usage
More embedded controllers / instrumentations

More reliability considerations
Testing environments, Surveillance, Redundancy, etc.

More operation side developments
Linac and KEKB groups will share the tasks
ICALEPCS 2007, Knoxville, US.

Kazuro Furukawa, KEK, Oct.2007.

Controls of KEKB Complex

SummaryLinac had slow and gradual modernalization
No long Shutdown time, loosing good timingKEKB made big transition at the Construction
5-year Shutdown, Big help from EPICS community
Runs without much modification ever sinceControl system design needed a balance between manyaspects
Large and Small group differences

EPICS and Scripting Languages brought a success to theboth KEKB and Linac Beam Operations
Linac and KEKB groups are ready to share more tasks forthe future
ICALEPCS 2007, Knoxville, US.

Kazuro Furukawa, KEK, Oct.2007.

Controls of KEKB Complex

Thank youICALEPCS 2007, Knoxville, US.

Kazuro Furukawa, KEK, Oct.2007.