Identify and Maintain an Appropriate
Response Capability
Dong Xin, OSRL
© Copyright 2015. Oil Spill Response Limited.

Oil Spill Response Limited (OSRL)
Largest international industry funded cooperative
Owned by major oil and gas production / transportation companies
Train and respond effectively anywhere in the world

40 + Participate Members & 100+ Associate Members© Copyright 2015. Oil Spill Response Limited.

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Global Response Capability

EMEA
AMER
APAC

4 x Operational Bases (with experts, responders & equipments)
2 x Large aircraft (Boeing 727 & Hercules)
2 x Subsea Incident Response Toolkit
4 x SWIS Capping Stack System
3 x Containment System
3 x Dedicated Small Aircraft
5000 m3 Dispersant© Copyright 2015. Oil Spill Response Limited.

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What do we do?
Preparedness

Training
Contingency planning
Oil spill modelling
Exercises and drills
Equipment hire
Personnel Secondments

Response

Technical advice
Specialist personnel
Equipment andtransportation
Aerial dispersant application
Response integration© Copyright 2015. Oil Spill Response Limited.

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Why Do We Need An Oil Spill
Response Capability?
1World oil supply 97 Million barrels per day
2Seaborne oil trade accounts for 10 Billion tonne-miles

per yearOil spill prevention is working to reduce the volume of oil
spilled, but spills still happen
3The ocean is the greatest supplier of essential
resources in the world;– Natural services are worth $21 trillion a year
– Oxygen for 1 of every 2 breaths we breathe– Jobs for 350 million people

Our common aim is to protect our sharedvalues!
1 Source U.S. Energy Information Administration
2 Source ITOPF
3 Source World Economic Forum© Copyright 2015. Oil Spill Response Limited.

5The Overall Approach
How do we identify and maintain appropriate
response capability?
– Risk Based Preparedness Process– Tiered Preparedness and Response– Overcome Barriers© Copyright 2015. Oil Spill Response Limited.

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Risk Based Preparedness
Identifying Required Response Capability© Copyright 2015. Oil Spill Response Limited.

Risk Based Preparedness Process

SPILL SCENARIO 1
SPILL SCENARIO 2
SPILL SCENARIO 3
SPILL SCENARIO 4RESOURCEOIL TYPERESOURCEOIL TYPERESOURCEOIL TYPERESOURCEOIL TYPEPROFILE
PREDICTPROFILEPREDICTPROFILEPREDICTPROFILEPREDICTIDENTIFY POTENTIALEVENTS

PLAN SCENARIOSDEVELOP RESPONSESTRATEGIESPROVISION RESOURCES

Source: JIP Oil Spill Preparedness and Response Framework© Copyright 2015. Oil Spill Response Limited.

8Identify Potential
EventsWhat can go wrong?
Up to and include thecredible worst case.
Site specific.
Potentially help toidentify further
prevention measures.

Source: JIP 12 GPG Contingency Planning for Oil Spills on Water© Copyright 2015. Oil Spill Response Limited.

9Plan Scenarios

What type of oil andhow much?
Where could it happen?
What are the localconditions?
Where could the spilled
oil go and how might it
behave in theenvironment?
What impacts could it
have and how severe
could the consequencebe?
© Copyright 2015. Oil Spill Response Limited.

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Develop Response
Strategies
What techniques areneeded?
How much of eachtechnique is needed?
What is the response
timeframe?
How will the response
adapt over time?
Strategies are developedfor each planningscenario, andincorporate stakeholder
engagement.
Using NEBA as a tool.
© Copyright 2015. Oil Spill Response Limited.

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Provision Resources
Tiered Preparedness andResponse (TPR)
principle to arrange
resources.
Cooperation to bolster
one’s own capabilities
through sharing© Copyright 2015. Oil Spill Response Limited.

12Tiered Preparedness and Response
Establish Appropriate Response Capability© Copyright 2015. Oil Spill Response Limited.

Tiered Preparedness and Response
A planning approach to:– Define different levels of response capability provision;– Not used to define the size or scope of a spill;– Plan for suitable resources to be mobilized and cascaded to an
incident location efficiently;– Enable response escalation for an oil spill of any magnitude.

The following resources are considered :RESPONDERSEQUIPMENT© Copyright 2015. Oil Spill Response Limited.

ADDITIONAL SUPPORT

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The Complete Model© Copyright 2015. Oil Spill Response Limited.

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Tailored Tiered Response
Example: Offshore Surface DispersantsLocation

Factors

A remote location in a country
with access challenges and/or
severe weather

A coastal location adjacent toa Tier 3 response center© Copyright 2015. Oil Spill Response Limited.

Dispersant Response

Greater local
capacity due tolimitations of external
resources entering
the country

Greater external
support due to easeof access andproximity to Tier 3
response center17

Overcome Barriers
Maintaining Capability for Success© Copyright 2015. Oil Spill Response Limited.

Common Barriers and Targets for Success
Underestimating the magnitude of the problem
Underestimating the volume of oil spill, or the scale of theresponse required
Prudent over-response is required

Not wanting to escalate or ask for help
A proactive culture is required involving trust within organisations
Secure collaboration in industry, between industry andgovernment and between governments:– Encourage cooperation– Mutual assistance© Copyright 2015. Oil Spill Response Limited.

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Common Barriers and Targets for SuccessNot considering all response options
Net Environmental Benefit Analysis
All applicable response options should be considered
Select only response options to minimize impacts
Engage with stakeholders
Where possible difficult decisions should be madeprior to an incident

FACTORS––––

EFFECTIVENESS:
WHICH TOOLS WILLFEASIBILITY:NEBA:

WHICH TOOLS CAN BE

WHICH TOOLS WILL MINIMIZE IMPACT

ACHIEVE THE DESIREDREALISTICALLY AND SAFELYON THE ENVIRONMENT AND THEADDRESSED IN THE

RESULTS?

USED?

COMMUNITY?

REGULATORY FRAMEWORK?

© Copyright 2015. Oil Spill Response Limited.

REGULATIONS:WHICH TOOLS ARE

20Common Barriers and Targets for Success
Lack of familiarity and understanding
All personnel should be appropriately trained and competent toperform the required role
Response capabilities should be regularly exercised and tested;– Exercises should be carried out and involve all parties– Lessons identified should be captured and actioned, making themlessons learnt© Copyright 2015. Oil Spill Response Limited.

21Common Barriers and Targets for SuccessProtracted immigration and customs clearance
Key stakeholders such as customs and immigration should be:– Consulted and made part of the solution– Involved in exercises

Legitimate process to expedite clearance should be understoodand tested
Logistical plans should be drawn-up covering mobilisation
through to demobilisation© Copyright 2015. Oil Spill Response Limited.

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A Case Study© Copyright 2015. Oil Spill Response Limited.

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Case Study – 2013 Rayong Spill
Time: 27 July 2013
Location: Rayong, Thailand
Source: leak from single buoy mooring (SBM) hose
Oil spill: 50 tonnes - Oman Export Blend Crude
Sensitivities: Ko Samet – Tourist beachSingle Buoy Mooring (SBM)© Copyright 2015. Oil Spill Response Limited.

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Tiered Capability in a Response
Response Options

Tier 1 & 2

Tier 3

Source control

By incident owner-Surveillance modellingand visualization

Aerial surveillance

Trajectory Modelling

Offshore dispersantsVessel dispersant application

OSRL Hercules:
Aerial dispersant application

At-sea containment andrecovery

Tier 1/2 response personneland equipment, VOOs

-Shoreline Assessment(SCAT)-SCAT Team

Thai military personnel, andlocal contractors-Shoreline cleanup
Waste management

Local contractors© Copyright 2015. Oil Spill Response Limited.

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Summary - How Can We Plan for Success
Provide resources and capability against the risks
Apply Tiered Preparedness and Response to promotecollaboration and partnership
Involve all relevant stakeholders and overcome common
barriers together© Copyright 2015. Oil Spill Response Limited.

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Thank you - Stay in touch
www.oilspillresponse.com
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www.swis-oilspillresponse.com
subseaservices@oilspillresponse.com
Training courses
www.oilspillresponsetraining.com
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training_sg@oilspillresponse.com

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Spill preparedness (Technical handbooks and other reference materials)
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preparedness@oilspillresponse.com© Copyright 2015. Oil Spill Response Limited.

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