Goals of REDD+ Safeguards
Kimiko Okabe (FFPRI)

Session 2

Goals of REDD+ Safeguards
Kimiko Okabe (FFPRI)This is a big topic compared to my specialty, research on mites.
JCM: Goals of REDD+ Safeguards’.

The title of my presentation ‘Today’s

I would like to look at the local level as well as private participation.

These two would be the keywords for my presentation.
Discussions Related to Safeguards in REDD+ Activities

This is something that you know very well, but I would like to give you a recap.
discussion on safeguards in REDD+ activities.

This is the flow ofThe UNFCCC had the following discussions in COP.

Other than UNFCCC, the first international discussion on safeguards took place in the Human
Environment Declaration.
UNFCCC.

With regards to REDD+, there have been multiple agreements reached under

Under the convention and biological diversity, clearly there is much interest in safeguards,

especially as laid out in the Cancun Agreement.

There are seven safeguards agreed upon in 2010.

In thesame year, topics such as the risk to society, risk to environment, and co-benefits were taken up in aworkshop organized by CBD.
More importantly, in 2013 at COP19, the Warsaw Framework was agreed upon, which included
considerations to safeguards, which will be the basis and requirement for payments.

There was an

Session 2agreement as to how frequently safeguard reports should be submitted.

In 2015, we know that SDGs wereadopted in the 2030 Agenda, and that there were discussions on safeguards in relation to SDGs.

SDGs are related to development, but for the past one or two years there has been heightened interestby private companies even in Japan as well.

In the research community, REDD+ safeguards cancontribute to SDGs. We tend to believe that REDD+ safeguards have high affinity to SGDs.
Presentation Outline

Because of this background, today I would like to indicate these seven safeguards for REDD+.
I would like to REDD+ activities at the level of implementation and safeguards.

ThenBy implementation levels,

I would like to once again go back to those two key points of private sector participation and the local level,
which is smaller than national or sub-national levels.

Then, to private participants who are engaged in

REDD+ activities, what sort of support do we have to provide?

What can we do to help them implement

REDD+ activities? We are creating a guidebook and a checklist that they can use.
about these tools.
are related to SDGs.

I would like to talk

Finally, I would like to talk about the expectations based on safeguards and how theyGoals of REDD+ Safeguards
Kimiko Okabe (FFPRI)

Session 2

UNFCCC Safeguards: Seven Safeguards of the Cancun Agreement

This is a list of seven safeguards in Cancun Agreement under UNFCCC:(a) That actions complement or are consistent with the objectives of national forest programs andrelevant international conventions and agreements;(b) Transparent and effective national forest governance structures, taking into account nationallegislation and sovereignty;(c) Respect for the knowledge and rights of indigenous peoples and members of local communities, by
taking into account relevant international obligations, national circumstances and laws, and noting that theUnited Nations General Assembly has adopted the United Nations Declaration on the Rights ofIndigenous Peoples;(d) The full and effective participation of relevant stakeholders, in particular indigenous peoples andlocal communities, in the actions referred to in paragraphs 70 and 72 of this decision;(e) That actions are consistent with the conservation of natural forests and biological diversity, ensuringthat the actions referred to in paragraph 70 of this decision are not used for the conversion of naturalforests, but are instead used to incentivize the FCCC/CP/2010/7/Add.1 27 protection and conservation ofnatural forests and their ecosystem services, and to enhance other social and environmental benefits;(f) Actions to address the risks of reversals;(g) Actions to reduce displacement of emissions.

Session 2Again, as for safeguards in the Cancun Agreement, on implementation levels, what sorts of actions arerequired? After agreement on seven safeguards, what has been implemented?
that has been conducted.

We have guidelines and standards.

There has been analysis

What are these tools available, and how are

they related to the safeguards agreed upon in the Cancun Agreement?

That is the topics of analytics.

For example, FCPC conducted this analysis.

UNFCCC Cancun Agreement

safeguards.

On the left-hand side are

The Climate, Community and Biodiversity

Alliance 1(CCBA) Climate, Community andBiodiversity Standards (CCBS) or World Bank policies are compared to those from UNFCCC, and they arealmost in agreement.

They can actually cover all of the required safeguards of the Cancun Agreement.

REDD+ Activities at the Level of Implementation and Safeguards

In order for us to better understand what should be done on the implementation level of REDD+
activities, we have policies, standards, and comparisons.
The purpose, first of all, is as follows: the Cancun Agreement or World Bank policies focus on
response to possible risks.

On the other hand, CCBS will look at climate change, social well-being, andbiodiversity conservation.

These three factors are treated as the three important pillars by CCBA.

You may think of a level as a scale.

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http://www.climate-standards.org/

The safeguards in the Cancun Agreement focus on theGoals of REDD+ Safeguards
Kimiko Okabe (FFPRI)

implementation level, smaller than the national level.
reported or how they are implemented.

Session 2

The safeguards do not actually indicate how they are

They simply say that reporting should be done on the nationallevel.
However, World Bank policy and CCBS will refer to the implementation level.

With regards toassistance, World Bank and CCBA standards are focusing on setting guidelines, guidelines issuing guidance,and developing assisting tools. As opposed to Cancun Agreement, they are developing tools, but there isno additional guidance setup.

If you are to implement REDD+ activities, think of a private company in Japan engaging in safeguard.
How can they implement safeguards?
formulated in some countries.

First of all, on a national level, REDD+ policies and strategies are

In these countries, you might be able to use a web platform to provide

information. Principles, criteria, and indicators are already set up and prepared by many countries.
addition to that, what should be done on the implementation level?

In

Some countries design these things

already, but not all countries.
Would the safeguard be necessary on the implementation level or would they not be required?
is no specific international agreement or the rules for this.

There

If you do REDD+ activities without dealing

with safeguards, this is almost equal to not being able to manage risk.

Therefore, there probably will bemany different problems and the activities will not be successful.

If you are going to deal with thesafeguards, you assess risks, and also create a plan to deal with them and also to do monitoring.

If there isany problem, you make changes to the plan. Finally, if you are going to complete the project, you will becreating the reports. On the other hand, on a national level with information provision systems for
safeguards, but how will you report the information?
society?

How do you report it to the country or international

There are some countries which already have frameworks for doing so, and there are some othercountries that do not.

Session 2Assistance for Private Businesses Implementing REDD+ Activities

From 2013 to 2015, the three organizations Japan International Forestry Promotion and Cooperation
Center2 (JIFPRO), Mitsubishi UFJ Research and Consulting 3 (MURC), and the Japan Overseas Forestry
Consultants Association 4 (JOFCA) worked to create the consortium to establish forest conservation
safeguards.
20145.
far.

Also, in order to support the private sector, we created the REDD+ Safeguard Approaches

It describes what REDD+ safeguards are, and the guidebook summarizes what I have described so

There is some guidance in the guidebook on how we should think about the project level safeguards.

There is also a checklist to be used to plan safeguards and report to the government.
download the checklist.
want to refer to.

What sorts of things do we need?

Also, from you canThere are some prior cases that you might

There are some best practices handbooks, and there is an English version.

There is amore compact version called the REDD+ Cookbook Annex 6.

The checklist can be used at the planning stage, and also while implementing REDD+ activities. As asafeguard, what should we pay attention to, and what sort of things do we consider in making plans?
https://jifpro.or.jp/en/
http://www.murc.jp/english
4 http://www.jofca.or.jp/e_objective/
5 http://redd.ffpri.affrc.go.jp/pub_db/publications/safeguard/index_en.html6 http://redd.ffpri.affrc.go.jp/pub_db/publications/cookbook_annex/index_en.html
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Goals of REDD+ Safeguards
Kimiko Okabe (FFPRI)

Session 2

There are some outlines to understand the convention as well as the systems, project governance,
indigenous people, knowledge and rights of the people, as well as the non-persistency and displacement ofemissions, and monitoring.

Therefore, we have a list of things to check.

more concrete, we will update the checklist.

As JCM-REDD+ becomes

The latest one is also downloadable, so please check it out.

We are going to support private companies or organizations engage in REDD+ activities.
of activities are meaningful?
high affinity?

What sort

For REDD+ activities related to biodiversity, what sorts of activities have

We are going to publish a scientific paper on the results and publish in on the website withina few years.
Regarding safeguards, something that is attracting a lot of attention are those related to increasing
environmental benefits.

In order to develop effective approaches, we conducted research and analysis on

how to contribute to biodiversity and creating environmental benefits so that the activities will be more
effective and appropriate.

We are also developing prediction methods.

Expectations for Safeguards

We have been approaching support in different ways.
safeguards and REDD+ activities is also important.

What the private sector expects with regards toTherefore, FFPRI together with the Institute forSession 2
Global Environmental Strategies7 (IGES), conducted a survey of how interested the private sector is in
REDD+ activities.

As a result, 47 companies expressed interest, but they were more interested inimproving the value of their companies through CSR activities rather than addressing carbon emissions.
Therefore, REDD activities in developing countries should not just be about carbon, but also about socialwelfare, improvements in community benefits, and activities related to protecting biodiversity.

These will

be important factors to consider in the future.

SDGs are still new goals, so they are just at the early stage of analysis.

Researchers have started toanalyze the SDGs, but if we look at different publications, almost all of the 17 SDGs are somehow related
to the REDD+ or safeguard activities.
become richer.

I think networks linking REDD+, safeguards, and SDGs will

I would like to focus on this in the future.

In addition to reducing forest degradation in tropical developing countries and mitigating climatechanges, there are many expectations with regards to safeguards.

The REDD+ activities need tocontribute to a mechanism considering SDGs in order to have a good balance of biodiversity as well associal, economic, and climate benefits. We would like to continue helping the private sector in their efforts
towards REDD+.

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https://www.iges.or.jp/en/