File Number 1050-09
Form A24-3020-3

System Operation Reference Manual
IBM 1050 Data Communication System
This reference publication is divided into two sections:general information and detailed information. It
provides the proper level of IBM 1050 System information to the widest possible audience. A complete
description of the components available with this
IBM Tele-processing System is presented, including
the capabilities, controls, and special features of each.
Additional information, pertaining to the over-all
system, is provided in the appendix.
For a list of related publications and their abstracts,
refer to the IBM Tele-processing Bibliography(A24-3089).

Preface

This publication is written in two sections to provide
both the basic information necessary to acquire an
initial understanding of the IBM 1050 System and thedetailed information, in depth, of each component andover-all system operation. The general information section, designed primarily for individuals unfamiliar with
the IBM 1050 System, provides information on the components of the system and a summary of the special
features. The detailed information section is designed
for those requiring reference information and specificdetails on component features, setup procedures,. operation, and special techniques. An appendix provides
detailed information pertaining to the over-all system.
The information contained in this publication describes the functional characteristics of the IBM 1050
System as of the date of this edition. All significant
changes to the IBM 1050 system after this date will becovered by technical newsletters and subsequent revisions.
For individuals requiring only general operating information on the IBM 1050 System, the IBM 1050 BasicOperating Information publication, Form A24-312:5, isavailable.

Major Revision, January 1965
This edition, A24-3020-3, obsoletes the previous edition, A243020-2, and includes Technical Newsletters N24-0194, N240237, and N24-0278. Significant changes have been madethroughout this manuaJ, and the entire publication should becompletely reviewed.

© 1963 by International Business Machines Corporation
Copies of this and other rnM publications can he obtained through mu Branch Offices.
Address comments concerninp; the content of this publication lo IBM Product Publications, Endicott, New York

13764.

Contents

Introduction ............. ........................................ ....................
Component Description ..................................................
1051 Control Unit ................................................................
1052 Printer-Keyboard ..........................................................
1053 Printer .......................................................................... ..
1054 Paper-Tape Reader ..................................................... .
1055 Paper-Tape Punch ...................................................... ..
1056 Card Reader ................................................................ ..
1057/1058 Card Punch ....................................................... .
1092 and 1093 Programmed Keyboards

Principles of Operation .................................................
1050 System-General Operation ..........................................

5
7
7
11
13
13
15
15
16
17

1055 Paper-Tape Punch ................................................

5.5

Controls .. .. .. ..... .... ... .. .. .. .. .. ..... ..... .. ..... .. ..... .. .... .. ... .. .. ..... .... .. .. ... .
Setup Procedures .. ..... ....... .. .. .. ... ..... .. .. .. .. .. ... .. ... .. .. .... ... .. .... .....
Punch Operation-1055 ........................................................
1055 Paper-Tape Punch-Special Features .... .. ..... ... .. .. .. .. ..

55
5!)
56
57

1057/1058 Card Punch ................................................

57

Controls .. .......... .. .. ... ... .... .. .... .... .... .. .. ... .... ..... .. .. .. .. ..... .. .. .. ...... .. .
Setup Procedures .. ... ... .. .... .. .................. .. ... ...... .. ............. .... ... .
Punch Operatfon-1057/1058 ..............................................
1057/1058 Card Punch-Special Features ..........................

57
59
59
60

Special Techniques ..........................................................

62

18
18

1051 Control Unit ............................................................
................................

18

1051 Control Unit-Special Features24

1052 Printer-Keyboard and 1053 Printer .............

30

Controls and Indicator Lights ... .. ..... ..... .... .. .. ............. .... .... .. 30
Setup Procedures .. .. .. .. .... .. .. .. .... .. .. .. .... ... .. ... .. .. .. ..... .. .. ..... .. .. .... 40
Keyboard Operation ... ......... .. .. .. ..... ...... ... .. .. ... .. .. ..... .. .. .. .. ... .. .. . 44
1052 Printer-Keyboard and 1053 Printer-Special Features 461054 Paper-Tape Reader .............................................
Controls ....................................................................................
Setup Procedures ... .. .. ....... .. .. ... .. ..... .... ... ... .... .... .... .. .. .. ... .... .. .. .
Reader Operation-1054 ........................................................
1054 Paper-Tape Reader-Special Features ... .. .. .. ... .... .. ......

46

1056 Card Reader ...........................................................
Controls ...... .. .. ............ .. ..... .. .... ... .. .. .. .. ..... .. ... .. .. .. ... ... .... .. .... .. ... .
Setup Procedures ... .. .. ..... .. .. .. .. ..... .. ..... .. .. .. .. .. ... .. .. ... .... .... ..... ...
Reader Operation-1056 .........................................................
1056 Card Reader-Special Features .. .. .. .. .. .. ......... ........... ... .

49

46
46
47
48

49
50
50
53

Data Packing-Home Loop (Using the Card
Reader Program Special Feature) ....................................
Data Packing-Home Loop (Without the Card
Reader Program Special Feature) ....................................
Point-to-Point Operation ........................................................
Multipoint Operation ..............................................................
Single-Cycle Operation .... .. .. .. .. ... .. .. ..... .... .... .. .. .. .. ... .. .. .. .. .. .. ...
Correction Procedures .. .. .. .. ....... ...... ... .. .. .... ..... .. ... .. .. .... .. .. .. ....

62
63
64
65
70
71

Appendix ............. ............................................ ....................

73

Glossary of Terms ..................................................................
Data Sets ... ..... .. .. .. .. .. .. ... ..... .... .. .. .. .. .. .. ... .... .. ..... .. .. .... .. ... ... ... ...
General Maintenance for the Printer ..... ..... .. ...... ... ...............
Specifications for 1050 Recording Media .. .. .. .. .... ... ... .. .. .. ....
1050 Planning and Operator Instruction Charts ... .. .... .... ...
1050 Timing Considerations ..................................................
1050 Character Set Information ............................................
Summary of Two-Character Function Codes (Prefix andAlphabetic Character) ........................................................

73
74
75
76
77
81
83
86

Index ..................................................................................... 87

Figure I.

IBM

lO~iO Data Communication System

IBM 1050 Data Communication System

The IBM 1050 Data Communication System is a multipurpose, data recording and data transmission system.
This Tele-processing system (Figure 1) provides a highdegree of input-output flexibility due to the various
input-output media available and the numerous system configurations possible. Data is entered into thissystem by manual keying, by punched cards, bypunched paper tapes, and by edge-punched documents. While output from the system is in printed
form, in punched cards, in punched paper tape, and inedge-punched documents. The system is capable ofsimultaneous home-loop operation (local operation between units of the same terminal) and line-loop operation (over communication lines to another 1050 or central processing unit-cpu).
The IBM 1050 meets the unique requirements of awide range of businesses, large and small. The system
configurations available range from the receive-onlyline-loop printer (see Figure 3A) to the more complex
and versatile configuration of a home-loop and transmit-receive line-loop system (see Figure 5).
Operating over communication lines, the IBM 1050
provides rapid, dependable communication between
remote locations and a central data processing location.
The communication lines can be either leased private,common-carrier switched telephone networks, or privately owned networks. Transmission can be either directly between locations, through switching centers, or
through message exchanges.
Transmission is half-duplex (two ways alternately).
Point-to-point operation can be accomplished with thissystem, or communication can be between a central
terminal and remote multidrop terminals.
Operation over communications lines can be performed simultaneously with independent home-loop
operations. Any combination of the input-output components of the system, not being used for communication line operation, is available for independent homeloop operation. Records can be composed from any
combination of input media. As records are composed,
the data can be transmitted simultaneously (using akeyboard and a monitor printer) or can be stored inmachine readable media (paper tape and cards) for
later transmission.

In local home-loop operations or line-loop operations
over communications lines, the 1050 can perform suchfunctions as:
Source recording,Media converting,Document writing,Automatic typing,
Printing of transmitted data, andPreparing machine readable media for transmission.

System Components

The IBM 1050 Data Communication System is available
with various component combinations in numerous system configurations (see Figures 3A, 3B, 4 and 5). These
modular control, input, and output components are:
IBM 1051 Control Unit (Models 1, 2 and Nl)
IBM 1052 Printer-Keyboard
IBM 1053 PrinterIBM 1054 Paper-Tape Reader
IBM 1055 Paper-Tape Punch
IBM 1056 Card Reader (Models 1and2)
IBM 1057/1058 Card Punch or Printing Card Punch
IBM 1092 and 1093 Programmed Keyboards

Thus, the organization of the terminal is truly modular
and the components can operate in a variety of combinations with complete flexibility. The control unit isessential to each configuration and provides the controls for the components, in addition to home-loop andline-loop operations. All components are electricallyconnected through the control unit.
The printer and keyboard, unlike a standard typewriter, are only electrically, not mechanically, connected. They are cable-connected to the control unit
so that they can be operated independently.
Configurations are available with a maximum of two
machine-readable inputs, one of which can be a card
reader and with a maximum of two machine-readable
outputs, of which one, or both, can be card punches.
Each reader can be replaced by a programmed keyboard, if desired.
5

The maximum character rate of the system is 14.8
characters per second. The maximum keying speed isalso 14.8 characters per second, but it can be less because of various operator keying speeds.

System Applications

The IBM 1050 Data Communication System is a highly
versatile member of an ever-expanding family of IBM
Tele-processing systems. This versatility permits the1050 system to be used for a wide range of applications
in such industries as:
Transportation
Manufacturing
Hes ear ch

Distribution
Insurance
H.efining

These industries, in addition to numerous others,
provide a broad basis of data communication requirements which the 1050 system is specifically designed tofill. The capabilities of the 1050 are ideally suited forthe processing of such applications as:• Document writing of sales orders, purchase orders,insurance policies, accounts payable, payrolls, engineering specifications and manufacturing orders.

61050 General Information• Direct entry into a central processor (for updating
and storage) of all data associated with sales orders,insurance policies, accounts payable, payroll, engineering specifications or manufacturing orders.
These entries can originate from either local or remote locations.
Also, direct inquiry and response operations: areprovided for. This means that all inquiries are answered on the basis of data current to that particularinstant when the inquiry is received at the processor(real-time operation).
• Exception reporting of data from the central dataprocessing area to remote locations. This type of application provides remote locations with information
on work orders, credit ratings, inventory adjustments, traffic movements, etc.
• Remote printing of such items as shipping orders, invoices, payroll drafts and registers, production records, inventory listings and mathematical calculations can be accomplished. This provides a means ofsupplying full documentation at remote locations for
all desired records, notices, bills, etc.
• Intra-company communication can be handled on afaster and more accurate distribution basis by remote printing of administrative messages, reports,
directives, memorandums, etc.

Component Description

This section provides a general description of all IBM
1050 components, as well as the 1092 and 1093 keyboards. A more detailed description of the basic components of the 1050 (1051-1058) is provided in theprinciples of operation section of this manual. For
detailed information on the 1092 and 1093, refer tothe publication, IBM 1092 and 1093 Programmed Keyboards, Form A24-3266.

1051 Control Unit
The control unit (Figure 2) controls and coordinates
the input and output components. The control unit isrequired in all configurations and contains the power
supplies, printer code translator, data channels, andcontrol circuitry for the system. The cabinet thathouses the control unit is free standing with a heightequivalent to that of a normal typewriter table. Because the input and output units are self-contained andcable-connected to the control unit, they can be ar-

Figure 2.

IBM1051 Control Unit

ranged in a position to accommodate their intendeduse.
The top surface of the control unit is the basic size
shown in Figures 2 and 3A, or this size can be increased by the addition of a permanently attachedtyping table (Figure 3B) to accommodate the 1052
printer-keyboard. To accommodate additional 1050
components, an auxiliary table (Figures 4 and 5) isavailable as an accessory item. The control unit is available in three models (Models 1, 2, and Nl). The model
used is dictated by the application requirements of thesystem.
Switches that control the various input and output
units are considered a part of the control unit. For
those configurations using a 1052 printer-keyboard, theswitches are located in the keyboard housing. Otherwise they are located in a separate switch unit (seeFigures 3A and 7).
These switches assign the input and output units tothe desired line-loop or home-loop operation. They also

Figure 3A.

Printer Configuration (Receive Only)7

an IBM Line Adapter is available as a special feature.
Refer to the 1051 Control Unit-Special Features.
The control unit includes data-bit converters (parallel-to serial and serial-to-parallel) that provide half<luplex send and/or receive capabilities for line-loop
operation. For home-loop operation data is transferred
serial-by-character, parallel-by-bit from input units to
output units over the home data channel.

Communication Facilities

The 1050 operates in a half-duplex mode over:Figure 3B.

Printer-Keyboard Configuration (Send-Receive)

connect interlocks of the printer and other inputoutput components (paper-tape, forms, etc.) to the datachannel (line or home) assigned by the operator. This
results in each assigned group of units operating as anintegral system. This requires that every component of
the group be in a ready state before that group operates. Refer to Interlocks and Setup Procedures for eachcomponent in the Principles of Operation section.

Communication Control

Data is transmitted over communication lines serialby-bit, serial-by-character. The parallel-by-bit characters from the sending units are serialized at the sending
terminal for the communication line and then deserialized at the receiving terminal for the receiving units.
This conversion operation is accomplished by the 1051
control unit at each end of the line. These terminals
use the IBM standard PTT code/6 (Perforated Tapeand Transmission code/for 6-bit environments. See
Figure 44.)
The input and output components are attached tothe communication lines via the line data channel ofthe control unit and the manual selection switches.
Component ON and OFF control is by manual switch,or by the component-recognition features. (Refer to the
Principles of Operation section, 1051 Control Unit.)
All models used on communication-company lines operate with the communication-company data sets tocontrol signals, interconnections, signal levels, etc . For
operation on other than communication-company lines,
81050 General Information

1. Common-carrier switched telephone networks,
2. Common-carrier switched 150 bits-per-second (bps)
Teletypewriter Exchange (TWX) networks,
3. Common-carrier leased private line telephone networks,
4. Common-carrier leased private line (180 bps) networks,
5. Common-carrier leased private line (75 bps) telegraph networks, and
6. Privately owned communication networks.
When the 1050 system is used on common-carrierswitched networks, common-carrier data sets must be
used. For common-carrier leased private line telephone
networks, or privately owned communication networks, other commercially available data sets can beused if they present the proper interface to the 1051.
For common-carrier leased private line telegraph networks, the modulation-demodulation equipment iscontained in the central office of the common-carrier.
Point-to-point or multipoint data communication ispossible on all of the networks except switched voicegrade, which is limited to point-to-point operation.

Data Sets

The IBM 1050 operates over transmission facilities using
the following commercially available data sets or theirequivalent:Western Electric Data Set 103A-for use in point-topoint dial-up connections.
Western Electric Data Set 103F-for use in multidrop
or point-to-point leased line connections.
Western Union Data Sets-for use in multidrop or
point-to-point leased line connections.
IBM Line Adapter-for use in multidrop or point-to-·point privately owned line connections. The IBM
Line Adapter and the Telegraph Line Attachment
are each special features installed within the IBM1051.

Figure 4.

Home-Loop Configuration (without Maximum Number of Input/Output Units)

Figure 5.

Communication Line and Home-Loop Configuration (with Maximum Number of Input/Output Units)
9

Control Unit Models

The control unit is available in three models:Model 1 (for communication line-loop and home-loop
configurations)
Model 2 (for communication line-loop only configurations)
Model Nl (for home-loop only configurations)
Model 1This model is used for communication line- and/ or
home-loop configurations. It provides a flexible means
for attachment of the input and output components toeither the home data channel or the line data channel.
The Line Component-Recognition feature is standard
for this model. The Home Component-Recognition
special feature is also available for this model. Therefore, for both home-loop opera ti on and line-loop operation, component assignment is by manual switching arrangement and by the component-recognition features.
For applications where data is to be prepared in thehome loop, while the system is transmitting or receiving, the component assignment switches permit homeloop operation independent of line-loop operation.
The maximum number of input and output units
attachable to this model is:• 2 printers (only one 1052)• 2 readers (only one 1056), either or both readers canbe replaced by programmed keyboards, and• 2 punches.
The Model l can also attach directly to an IBM
System/360 by means of a CPU Attachment special
feature. If the 1051 has the master station special feature installed, the 1050 'system can accomplish line·-loop
operations, on the line data channel, with up to 25 remote 1050 systems on either a point-to-point or multipoint basis. Simultaneously, the 1050 system can accomplish System/360 program checking and correction,and job logging by means of the home data channel
manually assigned to the CPU.
Model 2The Model 2 is used for line-loop only configurations.
The configurations possible with this model range froma receive-only printer or a send-receive printer·-keyboard to a fully complemented line-loop configuration(two printers, 'two readers, and two punches). All configurations require a 1051 control unit.
Note: A maximum of one 1052 printer-keyboard and one 1056
card reader can be attached to any one 1051. Also, each reader
can be replaced by a programmed keyboard, if desired.
101050 General Information

The input and output components available on asystem are assigned to the line data channel for lineloop operation by component assignment switches andline component recognition codes. For monitor printing, the printer at the sending station is automaticallyrecognized when the assignment switch is set to SEND
or SEND/RECEIVE. The receiving printers must be :recog-·
nized by recognition codes transmitted from the re-·mote sending terminal. See Special Techniques-Multi-·
point Operation, for exceptions.
Model N1

This model is used for home-loop-only configurations,and can contain a maximum of:• two printers (one of which can be a 1052),• two readers (one of which can be a 1056),
Note: Either or both readers can be replaced with pro··grammed keyboards, and• two punches.
These units provide for data recording and datapreparation on the home data channel with either man-·ual or automatic control. Manual control is exercisedthrough the component assignment switches, whileautomatic control is by the home-component-recogni··tion special feature, when installed.
The Model NI can also attach directly to an IBM
System/360 by means of a CPU Attachment special
feature. This permits the 1050 system, Model Nl toaccomplish on-line (to the CPU) program checking andcorrection, and job logging, or off-line home-loop oper··ations. When installed, the CPU Attachment special
feature occupies the reader-I and the punch-1 posi··
tions and thus limits the maximum configuration of two
printers, one reader (or programmed keyboard) and
one punch.
1051 Control Unit - Special Features

The following is a summary of all special features
available for the 1051. A detailed description of eachfeature is contained in the Principles of Operation sec·tion under 1051 Control Unit.

Auto Fill Character Generation (Models 1 and Nl).
Included with this feature, which is for only home·loop operation, is a two-position switch. When on,
this switch provides for the automatic generation offill (idle) characters during such printer functions as
carrier return and line feed, tabulate, and line feed.
Fill characters are punched into tape (or cards if theoperator panel special feature is installed and wired),and provides a time factor when this tape (or cards)
is later transmitted to a remote printer. This timeinterval permits completion of any printer function

initiated from the tape, before further data isreceived.
Note: Idle characters are also punched into tape (only) forthe card punch functions of dup, skip and release.

Automatic Ribbon Shift and Line Feed Select (Models
1, 2 and Nl). This provides for ribbon shifting or
single and double line feeding when the control unit
recognizes certain two-character function codes.
These codes, which accomplish ribbon shift up or
down, and single- or double-line feeding, consist ofa prefix code followed by an alphabetic character(A, B, C, or D).
Audible Alarm (Models 1 and 2). A buzzer in the 1051
is sounded when a condition requiring operator attention (component not assigned or ready, or an interlock) arises within the system during line-loop
operations.
Automatic EOB (Models 1, 2 and Nl). A two-position
switch is provided with this feature, which (whenset to AUTO) causes an EOB and CR/LF codes tobe generated whenever the return key (1052) ispressed in either home-loop or line-loop operation.
Home Component Recognition (Models 1 and Nl).
This feature provides for the on-off control of all system components (operating in home loop) throughthe use of certain two-character codes. These codes
consist of a prefix code followed by a numeric character (0-9).
Home Correction (Models 1 and Nl). This provides
the operator with an efficient means for error correction during home-loop operations. Included withthis feature is the punch (normal-backspace) switch,
punch feed button, delete button, and the correct
button.

Line Correction Release (Models 1 and 2). With thisfeature, the automatic stop after the third unsuccessful attempt to transmit is bypassed. Instead of stopping at this point, the resend light is automaticallyturned off and the reader proceeds to the next
message.
Master Station (Models 1 and 2). When the masterswitch, provided with this feature, is on, the terminal
has the capabilities for polling and addressing 1050
terminals on either a multipoint or point-to-point
operation.
Reader Stop-Prefix I (Models 1 and Nl). This twocharacter code (prefix followed by a J character)stops a reader-skip operation, and permits reading
to continue. This is used for home-loop operation inprogram mode.
Telegraph Line Attachment (Models 1 and 2). Operation of the 1050. system at 8.3 cps over 75 bps telegraph facilities (line-loop operation) is possible withthis feature installed.
Vertical Forms Control (Models 1, 2, and Nl). The
controlled movement of forms is provided for withthis feature. This is accomplished through the useof two function codes and bead chains designed foreach form.

1052 Printer-Keyboard
This printer (Figure 6) accepts data that has been received from a remote terminal, CPU, or from the local
keyboard, paper-tape reader, or card reader. Typicaloperations of the printer include recording incoming
data, recording data being transmitted to another lo-

Keyboard Request (Models 1 and 2). The request button provided with this feature permits the operator
to place the terminal in a request status during lineloop operations when it is desired to transmit datafrom the keyboard (assignment switch set to send).
When the keyboard is polled, transmission from the
keyboard can start.
Line Adapter (Models 1 and 2). This provides modulator-demodulator equipment (within the 1051) topermit attachment of the 1050 to customer-owned,on premise, lines.
Line Correction (MQdels 1 and 2). This provides forthe retransmission of a message following a negative
LRC answer (line-loop operation). Retransmission of
the message up to two additional times following anerror is provided for with this feature.

Figure 6.

IBM1052 Printer-Keyboard

11cation (monitoring the line), preparing forms in homeloop, and visual auditing of home-loop tape punching.
This is a page printer with printing mechanism similar to that of the IBM SELECTRIC* typewriter. The paperor form remains stationary during the printing of eachline. A single printing element, shaped like a ball, contains the entire set of characters that the IBM 1050 iscapable of printing. This element is readily changeable by the operator.
The printer operates in either the normal shift or
upper shift mode. This provides 88 printable charncters, 44 in each shift. See Figure 44. In addition to theprinted characters, the printer responds to the following function codes: space, backspace, carrier (printing
element) return and line feed (next line), line feed only,
upper shift, normal shift, and tabulate.
The horizontal spacing of the printed characters iseither ten or twelve characters per inch, as specified by
the customer. Either six or eight lines-per-inch verticalspacing is also available as specified by the customer.
Vertical line spacing can be manually set to double
space to provide either three or four lines per inch.
Provision is made for printing on cut forms, forfeeding and stacking continuous pin-feed forms, andfor feeding and manual tearing of continuous roll
single thickness paper. Pin-feed platens are available
in certain specified widths as a special feature. See
1052 Printer-Keyboard and 1053 Printer-Special Features. Also, a combination stand and stacker for continuous-forms is available for both the 1052 and 1053
as a special feature.
The maximum print line for pin-feed platens is 126
characters at 10 characters per inch spacing. vVhile themaximum print line for friction-feed platens is 130
characters (or 13 inches) at 10 characters per inchspacing. The maximum form width for friction-feed
platens is 15 inches.
Nate: Regardless of the platen type used, or the length of theprinting line, one printing position (at the end of each line)
must be reserved for the printing of a hyphen character in casea negative answer is received following an EOB and LRC.

An original, plus five carbons, may be printed, depending upon paper and carbon quality and thickness.
Margins, tab stops, and ribbon shift (color) are manually set by the operator. However, automatic ribbon
shift and line-feed select is available as a special feature. See IBM 1051 Control Unit Special Features.
A signal bell operates when the printing element
carrier moves to within twelve character positions fromthe right margin. A carrier return or tabulation normally suppresses printing. However, when operating inline-loop, if the carrier reaches the right margin without a carrier return, the carrier automatically returns* IBM trademark
121050 General Information

without suppressing printing during the return operation. This automatic return is a safety feature only andshould not be relied upon for normal data field control.
Instead the message should contain a CR/LF code at
the conclusion of each line. Refer to Setting the Right
Margin Stop (1052and1053) in the Principles of Operation section.
Two printers (1052, 1053) are available for the 1050
system. In the 1052, the printer and the keyboard are
enclosed in the same cover. The 1053 does not include
a keyboard and is used as a receiving-only or auxiliary
printer. Both printers are designed for table-top mounting and are cable-connected to the 1051 control unit.
For operator convenience, the component switches,
control buttons, and indicating lights for the 1050 system are mounted on the 1052 cabinet (for those models
having a 1052). Only those switches are provided toproperly control the system with its special features
and attached components.
The component switches, control buttons, and indicating lights for the system are located in a separate
switch unit adjacent to the printer in systems using a1053 printer in place of a 1052 printer-keyboard (seeFigures 3A and 7).
Keyboard

Although enclosed in the same cover as the primary
printer (see Figure 6), the 1052 alphameric keyboard
is electrically connected to the printer. The keyboard
is similar in appearance and operation to the standard
IBM typewriter keyboard. The 53 keys place at thefinger tips of the operator not only 88 different printable characters and symbols, but also the codes andcontrols necessary for the operation of the system.
Seven of the 53 keys are function keys: space, backspace, line feed, carrier return and line feed (CR/LF),
tab, shift, and shift lock. Pressing any of these 53 keys
generates the code associated with the function or
character of the key. When the shift key is pressed, theupshift code is generated; and when it is released, thedownshift code is generated. If the lock is pressed, it
has the same effect as pressing the shift key. To unlock
and generate a downshift code, press the shift key.
By pressing and holding the alternate coding (ALTN
CODING) key while also pressing one of the numericalkeys, the operator originates a single-character codesuch as restore, bypass, reader stop, end of block(EOB), end of address (EOA), prefix, end of transaction(EOT), or cancel. All keys are mechanically interlocked
to prevent the depression of two or more keys simultaneously, except for the following:
1. Alternate coding;
2. Return key and line-feed key (with each other only);3. Z key and tab key (with each other only); and4. the two shift keys (locked together).

1052 Printer-Keyboard and 1053
Printer - Special Features

Note: The alternate coding key must not be pressed simultaneously with the numeric key desired. The alternate coding key
is pressed, held down, then the numeric key is operated as
usual. The alternate coding key is then released.

The special features for the 1052 and 1053 are summarized here. A detailed description is contained in
the Principles of Operation section.

The output from the keyboard is a six-bit (plus aparity bit) PTT code/6, that is used throughout thesystem. See Figure 44.
The outstanding advantage of this component is in
local source recording. When using the keyboard, theoperator can enter data manually to be transmitted toa central terminal, or to be recorded locally on theprinter, paper-tape punch, or the card punch.

1053 PrinterThe 1053 printer (Figure 7) provides printed page output for the 1050 system. The functions of this printerare identical to the functions of the 1052 PrinterKeyboard, and the features are similar.
The 1053 printer is used in those configurations requiring a second printing unit and in those configurations not requiring a keyboard. The 1052 printerkeyboard and the 1053 printer can be separately
controlled. The 1053 printer can be a part of any 1050
system configuration on an optional basis.

Pin-Feed Platen: Pin-feed type platens are available invarious lengths to accommodate forms with prepunched holes. A special extension platen is required
when the vertical forms control special feature is
installed.

1054 Paper-Tape Reader

The 1050 system provides for the entering of punchedpaper-tape data during line-loop or home-loop operations through the 1054 paper-tape-reader. This papertape reader (Figure 8) can be used alone or in combination with a card reader, programmed keyboard or asecond paper-tape reader. Data read from paper-tape
can be printed locally (but not punched) while transmitting the same data to a central location.
The paper-tape readers are capable of reading chad(fully punched-holes) paper tape, or chad edgepunched documents (special feature). The code is sixbit PTT code/6 with a parity bit (see Figure 44)
punched in one-inch 8-track tape or along the edge ofa document (Figure 9). Reading is accomplished bysensing pins.

Controls incorporated in the 1053 are the Tab, Spaceand Return buttons. Also, provided are the left andright margin stops, plus a set and clear tab key.

When used with a printer, the paper-tape reader isinterrupted by functions such as tab, CR/LF and line
feed. The reader is also interrupted by a reader-stop
code, by operation of the reader-stop switch, or whenthe end of the tape is reached. The operator can movethe tape manually either forward or in reverse without
reading by operating the tape advance wheel.

Figure 7.

Figure 8.

IBM1053 PrinterIBM1054 Paper-Tape Reader

13

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Tracks

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7

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111111111111111111111111111••••••••••••••••••
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Figure 9.

•••

Edge-Punched Document and Punched Paper Tape

The program-duplicate (PROG-DUP) switch, locatedon the switch console, selects the reader's mode ofoperation in the home-loop. In the program mode, anumber of functions can be performed. In the duplicate mode, the reader reads all characters, but is notcontrolled by prefix codes or the reader stop code.
1054 Paper-Tape Reader - Special Features

A summary of the special features for the 1054 is provided here. Detailed information concerning these fea14••••••••••••••••••••••••••

Note
To insert these records in the IBM 1054 for reading:
1 • Turn the record over so that tracks l, 2 and 3 areat the top (toward the machine) •2. Insert the right-hand edge of the record from theleft side of the machine. The direction of feeding for both the IBM 1054 and 1055 is from left
to right.

1050 General Informationtures is contained in the Principles of Operation
section.
Center-Roll-Feed Reel and Take-Up Reel. This feature
permits feeding from the center of the tape roll,thus reading the tape in the same order punched.
Rewinding is also provided for.
Edge-Punch Read. This provides for the feeding andreading of edge-punched ledger cards, punchedcards, and paper documents.

1056 Card Reader
The IBM 1050 Data Communications System also offers
the convenience of punched-card input to a datatransmission line. The card reader can be used as the
only reader in the system or as one of two readers inthe system. The second reader must be a tape reader(or a programmed keyboard).
The communication terminal with a card reader accepts punched-card data for transmission to remote locations, as well as for printing locally. With the card
reader, any punched-card output, using the 1050 character set, can be transmitted readily to the central terminal without converting to another type of input.

Figure 10.

IBM1055 Paper-Tape Punch

1055 Paper-Tape Punch
To further the advantages and flexibility of the 1050
system, paper-tape punches (Figure 10) can operate as
another means of output of the terminal. One or two
paper-tape punches receive data through the control
unit from a central terminal or from the local keyboard,
card reader, and/or paper-tape reader. Up to two ofthese units can be used in a system, or one of theseunits can be used with a card punch.

The Model 1 card reader (Figure 11), reads 80column cards singly or from a pack of up to 300 cards,
while the Model 2 accepts cards individually. The
Model 1 can be equipped with a special feature topermit 22-, 51-, and 80-column cards to be fed inseparate packs. For the Model 2, a 51-column feed isavailable as a special feature to permit the single cardfeeding of 51-, and 80-column cards.

The paper-tape punch is capable of punching chadpaper tape (holes completely punched) or edgepunched documents having prepunched feed holes(special feature). See Figure 9.
Each paper-tape punch has its individual controls.
Each unit operates in the standard fashion, which includes manual backspace and deletion in case of error.
Note: The tape punch (or card punch) cannot be used to monitor line-loop operations.

1055 Paper-Tape Punch - Special Features

The special features for the 1055 are summarized here.
Detailed information on these features is provided in
the Principles of Operation section.

Edge Punching. This feature provides for the feedingand edge-punching of ledger cards, punched cards,
and paper documents containing pre-punched feedholes.
Take-Up Reel. The rewinding of punched paper tapeis provided by this feature.

Figure 11.

IBM1056 Card Reader, Model 1

15

Reading is done serially by column, beginning withcolumn one. Cards to be read by a 1056 must have astandard upper-left corner cut (C-1). Cards without
this cut cannot feed properly.
The card reader only operates when a card is at theread station. The operator controls the reader withthe reader start-home button, reader start-line button,
stop switch, feed button, and the eject button. When
operating with a printer, the reader is interrupted bytab, CR/LF, and line feed. The reader is also interrupted by operation of the reader stop switch, or by
the end of the last card. The trailing edge of each cardcauses the EOB code to be generated automatically,
unless the Auto EOB switch (1056) is off.
The program-duplicate switch, located on the 1052
switch console, selects the reader's mode of operationin the home-loop. In the program mode, a number offunctions can be performed. In the duplicate mode, thereader reads all characters, but is not controlled by
prefix codes or the reader stop code.

Figure 12.

IBM1058 Printing Card Punch

1056 Card Reader - Special Features

All 1056 special features considered pertinent are summarized in this section. The Principles of Operation
section contains a detailed description of these features.
Card Reader Program. This feature provides a 12-track
paper tape and the associated reading mechanism
located within the 1056. This tape can be punchedwith function codes and data, and is read alternately with the card, column for column. Thus, thenumber of columns of information available fromeach card is effectively doubled with this feature.
51-column Card Feed (1056 Model 2 only). Provides
for the feeding of 51-column cards interspersed with
80-column cards.
Extended Character Reading (1056 Model 1 only).
With this feature, the 1056 can read the PTT code/6
basic and extended card codes and translate themto BCD codes.

punches can be used in the system. The addition of acard punch to a system makes possible the direct card
punching (and printing) of data received. The punch
operates from either the line-loop data channel, thehome-loop data channel or it can be used independently as a keypunch.
The punch is similar in appearance and operation
to the standard IBM keypunch. 80-column cards arepunched at a maximum rate of 14.8 columns per second when the 1057/1058 is used in the 1050 system.
Normal keying speeds are attained when operating asa keypunch. Skipping is accomplished at 80 cps, in allcases.
Alternate program is standard for this unit.

Short Card Pack Feed (1056 Model 1 only). Provides
for the feeding of 22-, 51-, or 80-column cards froma pack of up to 300 cards. Cards of different lengths
cannot be interspersed in the pack.

The following pertinent special features for the 1057I
1058 are summarized here but are described in detailin the Principles of Operation section.

1057/1058 Card Punch

Extended Character Punching (1057 only). With thisfeature, the 1057 translates upshift and downshiftcharacters into unique card codes and punches them.

The flexibility of the IBM 1050 system is further increased with the addition of a 1057 card punch or a1058 printing card punch (Figure 12). One or two card

Operator Panel. This panel is accessible to the operator
and permits individual wiring and control of thevarious function codes.

161050 General Information

1057/1058 Card Punch - Special Features

Figure 13.

IBM1092 and 1093 Programmed Keyboards

1092 and 1093 Programmed Keyboards
These programmed keyboards (Figure 13) provide
for the input of keyed numeric data to the 1050 system for either a home-loop or line-loop operation.
When attached directly to a 1050 system, these keyboards are available in the following configurations:
1092 alone,1093 alone, or
1092 and 1093 in tandem.
All data entered from these keyboards can be visually checked before it is entered into the system, because the data keys pressed (one per column) remain
latched until manually restored. Scanning and transmission of the keyed data occurs when the terminal ispolled, following pressing of the start button. Transmission is at 14.8 cps from any programmed keyboard
configuration, when attached to either a Model 1, 2,
or Nl 1051 Control Unit. When a keyboard configuration is attached to the control unit, this attachment ismade in the reader-I position. A second configuration

can be attached in the reader-2 position, if desired.
The IBM 1092 and 1093 Programmed Keyboards are
similar in design and operation. Their basic difference
is in the number of columns of data keys provided byeach. Both keyboards are designed to accept vinyl
plastic keymats (templates) with prepunched key locations, and lettered with the proper key identificationand field designations. The 1092 and 1093 are eachavailable in two models. The 1092, Model 1, provides
15 columns of data keys and keymat ring supports
which can accommodate up to ten loose-leaf type keymats. The 1093, Model 1, provides ten columns of data
keys and does not have keymat ring supports.
Model 2 of both the 1092 and 1093 provides a sensing unit on the keyboard directly below the data keys.
This unit senses up to 48 differently coded keymats
which can each be used individually with these Model
2 keyboards. In addition to having this sensing unit,
the 1092, Model 2, provides 16 columns of data keys
and does not have keymat ring supports. Additional information on these keyboards is available in, IBM 1092
and 1093 Programmed Keyboards, Form A24-3266.

17

Principles of Operation

The IBM 1050 Data Communications System provides
considerable flexibility and versatility for the handllng
of data-recording and data-transmission applications.
To utilize the system capabilities most effectively, it isessential that a thorough understanding of the systembe acquired. This should include controls, setup procedures, operating principles, and special features forboth the over-all system and the individal components.
All of these areas are contained in this detailed information section. In addition, special techniques for theprocessing of advanced applications are described.

1050 System ~ General Operation
This system is capable of simultaneous home-loop andline-loop operation. This unique type of operation ispossible because two independent data channels areprovided (one fo~ home and one for line). Each component required for a specific operation must be ·assigned to the proper data channel by positioning theassociated component assignment switch on the 1052
switch console. In addition, component-recognition
codes can be inserted in the text of a message to turn
components on or off automatically.
The data flow for the 1050 system is detailed in
Figure 14. This diagram shows how the system accepts input data from any one of three input units andrecords output data at any one, or all four output units.
To move data into or out of the system, as wen as
within the system, the data channels must be used.
This means that all data handled by the system mustgo through the 1051 control unit. Some of the significant features contained in this unit are:
Ilome

Line

Use

Home Register

Line Register

Character analyzing

Horne ClockLine Clock

Internal timing

Horne-Component Line·-Cornponent Component on and off
Recognition
Recognition
control
SerializerCharacter breakdown andDeserializer
assembly to and from thedata set
LRC
Longitudinal redundancy
checking
VRC
Vertical redundancy
checking
Oscillator
Speed control to and fromthe data set
Line Control
Communication line discipline for message control

181050 Detailed Information

1051 Control Unit
The features described in this section are all standard
features of the 1051 and are provided on the appropriate models. For example, Line Control is provided
with Models 1 and 2, while Home Bypass and Restore
is provided on Models 1 and NL The additional features available for the 1051 are described under Special
Features.
Line Control (Models 1 and 2)

The IBM 1050 System transmits and receives in a halfduplex mode in the following line configurations:
1. Point-to-point-1050 to 1050, with the master switch
off at one terminal; 1050-to-1050 with line control
off at both terminals; or 1050 (with master switchoff) to a transmission control unit (and processor).
2. Multipoint-1050 master (master switch on), or atransmission control unit (and processor) to as manyas 25 additional 1050 systems. One additional 1050
system can be added to the network when a transmission control unit is used. Thus, the maximum
total for 1050 systems in any given network is 26.
In a multipoint network, terminals cannot communicate directly with each other. Terminal-to-terminal
messages must be relayed through the master terminal or transmission control .unit (and processor).
In multipoint operations, or point-to-point operations with a transmission control unit (without dialup line facilities), a control discipline is required on
the communication line. This discipline is called
line control, and it prevents two or more stations
from attempting to use the line simultaneously (linecontention). Line control is provided on Models 1
and 2 of the 1051. This line-control discipline provides two distinct modes for all 1050 operations,control mode and text mode.
All codes transmitted during control mode provide either terminal control or component selection
for the remote terminal, and are neither printed nor
punched. Refer to Multipoint Operation in the Special Techniques section for exceptions. The codestransmitted during control mode are:Control Signals: EOT, EOA, EOB, Yes, No, and Inquiry.
Polling characters. These consist of an alphabetic
station-identification character (A-Z) followed by anumeric component-select character (5, 6, 7, or 0).

Communications Line
(Serial By Bit By Character)

Data Set

1051

Control Unit

I - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -,
I

I

1052
I
Component :Assignment 1
Switches 1r------j

VRC

1052: Component
1 Assignment
I Switches-------- Osei 1lator

Serializer Deserializer

I

I
I:·:::·:········-·.............·.•••,•.•,•:·:·:·.·:·:·:"•'•'•'"·'•"'·'•'"'··=····"·'

I

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Line
Clock

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I

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I

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B=1---t-t---

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Line Data Channel(Parallel By Bit, Serial By

Charac~te_r_>_ _~

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Punch 2
1I

HomeRegister

L-----1

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Component
Recognition

,-I'
I

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Output Units

Line
Register

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I'•~m:imm:m Rec I

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Home
Clock

J

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I

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1

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1Send
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I

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Rec.......................;-"................. ',

LR C

Line
ControlLine
Component
RecognitionI

L - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - _ _j
Figure 14.

1050 System Data Flow

The polled terminal is requested to transmit, providing the polled component is ready.

Addressing characters. These also consist of an alphabetic station-identification character (A-Z) followed
by a numeric component-select character (1, 2, 3, 4,or 9). The addressed terminal is requested to receive,
providing the addressed component is ready.
All characters transmitted during text mode are
either printable data characters or functional characters (not printable). The functional characters consistof such codes as CR/LF, delete, idle, LF, and tab. For
a complete list of these codes refer to Figure 44.

Line Control Signals

The line control signals, EOT, EOA, EOB, Yes, No,
and Inquiry, are represented in a shorthand form, @,@, @, @, @,@,respectively. This form is usedin programming, as well as in communications andline-control discussions. Also, the terms response andanswer are used in the following restricted manner:
I. Answer. The negative, positive, or no answer at all
to an LRC compare.
2. Response. The negative, positive, or no response at
all to a component-select character (addressing or
polling).
19

With line conb·ol turned off, the @, @, Ci), and€) characters retain the functions performed with line
control; while @, andare not applicable. The
exact meaning of the line control characters is:®

@-End of Transaction (EOT). Upon receipt of thissignal, the 1051 is placed in, or remains in, control
mode and is in a nonselected status. This signal also
indicates the conclusion of transmission and resets
the LRC counters at both the sending and receivi[ngterminals. This code is not punched by any receiving
components.

@-End of Address (EOA). Pound Sign Charac1ter.
The EOA signal transfers the 1051 to a text modeand starts the LRC counters at both the sending andreceiving terminals. The EOA signal is not includedin the following LRC count.
Also, the terminal that recognizes the preceding
address is now placed in a selected text status. Allother terminals in the multipoint network are placedin a nonselected text mode and inhibited from receiving data. Text characters following the EOA signal are directed to the selected output components.
This @ signal is also a positive response to polling and indicates that text characters follow. Thissignal is automatically generated by the 1051 as apolling response and is punched or printed in text
mode only. (For exception, see Multipoint Oper-

ation).
@-End of Block (EOB). This signal indicates theend-of-a-unit block of text. It indicates that the LRC
character follows, and that an LRC check comparison at the receiving terminal is required. The EOB
character is included in the LRC count and ispunched by any ready, selected receiving punches(unless wired not to punch in the operator panel orfunction panel on the 1057/1058. See 105711058
Card Punch-Special Features in the Principles ofOperation section.) The transmitting terminal ishalted by the EOB signal and waits for an answer
from the receiving terminal.

@-Positive Response, Yes (Period Character). When
this signal is used as a response, it indicates that theaddressed terminal is ready to receive. An addressed
printer is placed in the downshift status with this
response. The position of the keyboard shift key is
not altered.
Any character or code other than the odd parity
period (.) including @ is treated as a negative
response.
Exception: A single alphabetic character may be assigned asa response to addressing provided the control system canaccept it. (The 105-0 master station cannot accept a single
201050 Detailed Information

response character.) Response characters are not printed or
punched. For exceptions refer to Multipoint Operation.

When used as an answer to an EOB and LRC, thissignal indicates that the block of text just received
is correct. This character is neither printed nor
punched in paper tape but is punched in column 81
of a card as an 11 by the card punch.
Without line correction, any character received as
an answer to EOB, except@ and G), is recognized
as a negative answer. It is printed and punched.
With line correction, @ or any even-parity character is a ne~tive answer. All other characters except(!) and @) are treated as data characters.
Note: When polled, the 1051 automatically generates an
EOA signal as a positive response.

@-Negative Response, NO (Hyphen Character).
When used as a response to an address, this signal
indicates that the addressed terminal is not ready toreceive data.
When used as a response to polling, ~ indicatesthat the polled terminal has no data to send. Any
character or code other than the (Q:}, including theodd parity hyphen, is treated as a negative response.
Response characters are not punched or printed.
Exception: See Multipoint Operation.

When used as an answer to an EOB and LRC, @indicates that the block of data just received is incorrect. In this case, the @ character is always
printed by a selected and ready printer at the receiving terminal and on a monitor printer if installed.
It may or may not be punched. If the receiving
punch is a 1055 Paper-Tape Punch, there are twocases:
1. If line correction (special feature) is not installed,@ is punched.
2. If line correction is installed, @ is not punched,
but a hole is punched into the 8th track.

If the punch is a 1057/1058 card punch, @ is notpunched regardless of the installation of line correc-·tion, and an 11-punch is not punched in column 81..
@~Positive Answer (Inquiry), Pound Sign Character.
This signal is used in alternate communication be··tween a terminal and a transmission control unit at
the central processing area. It is used for inquiry
type applications. The@)is transmitted by the: transmission control unit as a positive answer to an EOB.
All receiving components assigned to LINE are selected and all transmitting components are deselected. This @) character is effective even with line
control off.

Attend-Unattend Switch

This switch is a part of the line-control feature. With
the switch set to UNATTEND (and the mainline switchon), all component motors are off. Receipt of the appropriate station address turns all component motors
on. When addressed, the system delays a positive response until all motors are up to sp~d. When polled,
the system immediately transmits a positive response,but delays transmission of the first text character until
the motors are up to speed. After the message has
been received, an EOT code turns off all component
motor(s).
When this switch is set to ATTEND, and the 1051
mainline switch is on, all component motors run irrespective of the position of individual component
switches.

Station Identification

As many as twenty-six 1050 systems can be assigned
to any one communication line. Each station (system)
sharing this line is assigned one of the 26 alphabetic
characters as a permanent station identification (address). This address character is specified by the customer and is wired by IBM personnel at installationtime.
Note: A terminal can be wired for any one of the 64 codes as
an address. However, the master station, when polling or addressing, recognizes only those address characters containing azone bit (A, B or AB), with the exception of the comma.

This character assignment permits each 1050 systemsharing a specific communication line to recognize its
unique station identification. When this recognition
occurs, this system participates in either a polling operation (transmitting) or an addressing operation (receiving), as designated by the component select character. The remaining systems are prevented from using
the line until the present transmission is completed.

When group addressing is used, a specified systemin the group is required to generate responses andanswers for the group:

I. when ready to receive, and
2. when making an LRC and VRC check.
Note: If all the receiving units in a group of terminals are notprinters or card punches, exercise care to insure that the answering terminal does not transmit the EOB answer until all
receive units in the group are ready to receive.

Broadcast Addressing

To address all systems on a specific communication line
simultaneously, a broadcast character (!) preceded by
a @ is transmitted from the transmission control unit
at the central-processing area. When this addressing
method is used, a specified system is required togenerate responses and answers for all the addressed
systems:
1. when ready to receive, and
2. when making an LRC and VRC check.
Note: If all the receiving units in a group of terminals are notprinters or card punches, excerise care to insure that the answering terminal does not transmit the EOB answer until all
receive units in the group are ready to receive.

Component Select Characters (Polling and Addressing)

Component selection is accomplished by transmittinga specific numeric character following the station identification character. This character selects the designated station component( s):POLLING

Select Character5670 (common pollingcharacter)

Unit(s) Selected
Keyboard
Reader 1
Reader 2
Any one input componentof the polled system

ADDRESSING

Select Character

Group Addressing

A secondary identification character can be assigned
to each station (system) in a designated group to permit group addressing (simultaneously addressing all
stations in the group). The specific group assignments
are completely flexible within the systems on any one
communication line. However, the group identification
assigned must not conflict with the assigned standard
identification characters on this communication line. A
station is limited to one group identification character.

1
2

3
4

(··g . (common address,___, ing character)

Unit(s) Selected
Printer 1
Printer 2
Punch 1
Punch 2
Any or all output componentsof the addressed system

When a polled station receives a 0 (zero) select character, it causes:
1. a @ to be sent as a positive response to polling if
any input component is assigned to LINE and is ina ready condition.
21

2. Reader-I to transmit if assigned and ready.
Note: When both readers are assigned and ready, reader-1
will take precedence.

3. Reader-2 to transmit automatically when reader-I
is in a not-ready condition,
4. The keyboard to be unlocked for transmitting ifneither reader is assigned and ready. If a reader
is operating and is stopped by a reader-stop codeor by operation of the reader-stop switch, the keyboard is unlocked (provided it was initially set toline).
Note: The keyboard is not unlocked when a reader is polled
by its individual select character and stopped by eithe11· thestop switch or a stop code. Also, reader-1 is activated bypressing the reader-start button when the keyboard is p·::>lledwith its respective select character. To operate reader-2,
this reader must be polled with its respective select characteror be recognized by its specific recognition code.

Line Component Recognition (Models 1 and 2)

This feature operates with the control unit to provide
recognition of input and output units during texttransmission.
With this feature, the 1050 system recognizes andacts upon certain two-character recognition codes
placed upon the line data channel by the keyboard orreaders. Each two-character recognition code consistsof a prefix code followed by a numeric code. The prefix code conditions the control unit to recognize thenumeric code that immediately follows it and provides
the proper component selection.
These two-character recognition codes are originatedby holding down the alternate-coding key while operating the prefix key (8). After releasing both keys,
press one of the numeric keys depending upon thespecific component selection desired:
NUMERIC CODE

1
2

3

4
5
6
7
8
9
0

ACTION

Printer 1 ON
Printer 2 ON
Punch 1 ON
Punch 2 ON
Printer 1 OFF
Printer 2 OFF
Punch 1 OFF
Punch 2 OFF
Reader 1 ON, Reader 2 OI'F
Reader 2 ON, Reader 1 OFF

When they are transmitted to a remote station, component-recognition codes for receiving units do notaffect the receiving units at the sending station. Conversely, component-recognition codes for input units
affect only those units at the sending station. Remotereceiving components must be recognized by a termi22

1050 Detailed Information

nal before they can receive. Recognized receive components are deselected by a received EOT code.
A monitor printer assigned to SEND or SEND-HEC isautomatically recognized to receive transmitted dataand is not affected by transmitted recognition codes.
These codes will not be punched or printed by receiving components including a transmitting monitor
printer if employed.
Exception: Codes will be punched when the terminal is in thebypass mode.
Character Parity Checking Vertical Redundancy Check (VRC)

The 1050 system uses the IBM Standard Perforated
Tape and Transmission code for 6-bit environments(PTT code/6). This is a six-bit BCD code, plus an odd
parity-check bit. Each transmitted, received, or generated character used by the system must contain an odd
number of bits (see Figure 44). As each even-bit character is generated at either the keyboard or the card
reader, an additional bit (C-bit) is inserted. The parity
checking of each transmitted character is performedby the receiving terminal.
If an even-bit code is recognized by the receiving
terminal, it causes:
1. a hyphen character to punch at all receiving
punches,
2. a hyphen or underscore character (depending upon
shift status) to print at all receiving printers,
3. the data-check light to turn on at the receiving terminal and remain on until it is manually reset:,
4. the receiving terminal to generate a negative answer
to the Longitudinal Redundancy Check (LRC).
Note: The transmitting terminal continues to send until an
EOB followed by an LRC has been sent.

Character parity-checking is provided only for lineloop operation with both Models 1 and 2.
Longitudinal Redundancy Checking (LRC)

During transmission, each terminal (transmitting andreceiving) records the bit structure of each characteras it is transmitted.
An LRC counter is started by the transmission of an
End of Address (EOA) character which signals thestart of a message. The bits of all the characters of themessage which then follow are recorded at both terminals until the EOB character is transmitted. This causes
the contents of the transmitting terminal LRC counterto be sent to the receiving terminal.
Note: The EOB character is included in the LRC count, but the
EOA code is not. The EOB character conditions all receiving
terminals (and all listening terminals) to recognize the next
character as an LRC character only.

,At the receiving terminal the two LRC characters
are compared. If these LRC characters are equal, apositive answer is sent to the transmitting terminal toturn off the Resend light (this light is turned on when
the EOB is transmitted). This permits the transmissionof further message blocks. To handle the answer to the
LRC compare, both terminals must be momentarily"turned around." This permits the normal receiving
terminal to transmit the answer, and the normal transmitting terminal to receive this answer. During thisinterval the normal transmitting terminal can only receive an answer to the LRC.
If the LRC characters are unequal, the data-checklight at the receiving terminal is turned on and ahyphen character is sent to the transmitting terminal.
If the transmitting system has the line-correction special feature, three attempts will be made to transmit
the message correctly. Without this feature the systemstops after the first error. The resend light and datacheck light are on (See Resend light and also Line
Correction Release Special Feature in the Principles
of Operation section.)
The EOB character can be placed at any point in
the text of the message, regardless of the length ofmessage. However, for maximum transmission line
utilization, EOB should be at the end of each printing
line. For cards, EOB should be at the end of each card.
Resetting of the LRC counters at either end of the line
is accom,g!ished by the reset key, LRC answer ( (V,@,or @), EOT, and operation of the resend key.
LRC is provided only for line-loop operation withboth Models I and 2.

Line Bypass and Restore {Models 1 and 2)

These are single-character codes that alter the normal
printer operation. When a bypass code is sensed during
a line-loop operation, all printing is suspended until asubsequent restore code is sensed. These codes are
effective at both the sending and receiving terminals.
BypassWhen the bypass code is keyed or read,
I. it is not punched, unless it has been preceded byanother bypass code.
2. the printer (including monitor) is placed in a nonprint status.
3. the terminal then remains in this bypass mode inwhich all subsequent characters keyed or read will
be punched but not printed. All coded functions arepunched but not acted upon. EOB and EOT functions occur.

4. a subsequent restore character must be keyed orread to return the terminal to the normal mode ofoperation (read, punch, and print). An EOT codeor pressing the Line Reset button also returns theterminal to the normal mode.
RestoreThis is used to terminate a bypass mode of operation.
When a restore code is keyed or read,I. the restore code is punched, but not printed.
2. the bypass operation is terminated and the printer isreturned to a print status.
Home Bypass and Restore {Models 1 and N 1)

These single-character codes alter the normal homeloop printer operation when in program mode. Sensing
a bypass code, in this case, suspends all printing until asubsequent restore code is sensed. These codes are
effective regardless of whether or not the system hashome component recognition installed.
BypassBypass-Program Mode (Prog-Dup Switch Set to Prog).
When the bypass code is keyed or read:
I. it is not punched, unless it has been preceded byanother bypass code.
2. the printer is placed in a non-print status.
3. the terminal then remains in this bypass mode inwhich all subsequent characters keyed or readcan be punched but not printed. Any functions
associated with these subsequent characters will
not occur, except for the EOB and EOT codes,
which eject a card from the punch or reader.
4. a subsequent RESTORE character must be keyed orread to return the terminal to the normal mode ofoperation (read, punch and print).

Bypass-Duplicate Mode (Prog-Dup Switch Set toDup). In this mode, input data is recorded by all selected punches and printers. All coded functions arepunched but not acted upon, except for the EOB andEOT codes, which eject a card from the punch orreader.
Resto·re

This is used to terminate a bypass mode of operation.

Restore - Program Mode (Prog-Dup Switch Set toPrag). When a restore code is keyed or read:I. the restore code is punched, but not printed.
23

2. the bypass operation is terminated and the printeris returned to a print status.
3. All function codes except prefixed functions andthe reader stop code are punched. All function
codes, without exception, perform their function.

Restore-Duplicate Mode (Prog-Dup Switch Set toDup). In this mode, input data is recorded by all selected punches and printers. All coded functions arepunched, but not acted upon, except for EOB andEOT codes, which eject a card from the punch orreader.
Note: The punching of function codes in the 1057/1058 depends on wiring of either the function panel or operator
panel in the punch.

Receive Interlocks
Home Loop

If a receive interlock occurs when transmitting totape or card punches from a reader or the keyboard(1052), the interlocked receive component(s) stop, but
the sending unit (reader or keyboard) is not interlocked, and continues to operate. All home-loop pll'inters continue to operate after the paper presence contact
is activated.
Line Loop

When a polled terminal is transmitting to remote receive components and an interlock occurs at the receiving terminal, the data check and receive alarm hghts
turn on. If the interlock is momentary and is relievedby the time an EOB code is received, the receive alarm
light automatically turns off, but the EOB answer isinhibited.
If the interlock condition continues, the receive
alarm light is automatically turned off when the interlock is manually relieved. The resend light at the transmitting terminal is on awaiting an EOB answer, andthis terminal responds negatively to a poll until the
resend light is manually turned off.
The EOB answer is inhibited when a momentary or
continued interlock occurs at addressed receive-components. If the interlock continues, the terminal responds negatively to an address until the interlock
condition is manually corrected.
If a remote receive component is initially recognizedby its recognition code and it is not ready or is notinstalled, the EOB answer is inhibited. If the initiallyrecognized component is ready and a second recognized component is not ready or present, the EOB
answer is inhibited.
241050 Detailed Information

1051 Control Unit - Special features
Auto Fill-Character Generation (Models 1 and N 1)
Home Loop Only

During the home-loop preparation of punched papertape, printer functions CR/LF, TAB, LF interlock thereader for the duration of the function. During thistime, the 1055 punches feed holes and idle charactersin the tape. (With the operator panel special feature
installed and the auto-fill switch on, the 1057/1058
also punches idle characters for printer functions, providing the panel is so wired.) The auto-fill switch on
the 1052 is included in this special feature and must
be on for this action to occur.
In a later transmission of the tape, the idle charactersprovide the time required for a receiving printer tocomplete the functions when operating without a monitor printer at the sending terminal. A monitor printer(sending terminal) operating with a tape reader orcard-reader interlocks the reader for _sufficient time topermit the remote printer (receiving terminal) to execute CR/LF, LF or TAB functions.
Note: Idle characters are also punched into tape (only) forthe card punch functions of dup, skip and release.

When paper tape is punched in home-loop from akeyboard (1052) with the auto-fill switch on and anerror occurs, the print element must be manually tabedto the end of the longest print line for that format.
Then the correct button is pressed to cause automaticdeletion of the error record in paper tape. This procedure prevents a remote printer from printing on-thefly when this same tape is later transmitted. Also, if
during this home-loop tape punching operation a shortline should precede a long line, the print element must
be manually tabed to the maximum line length. This
provides sufficient idle characters in the tape to pre··vent printing on-the-fly if rereading and retransmission(line correction special feature installed) of a long line
is required during a later transmission of this tape to aremote printer. Refer to Timing Considerations in the
Appendix for the number of fill characters required forvarious printer and punch functions.
Automatic Ribbon Shift and Line Feed Select(Models 1, 2, and N 1)

This special feature recognizes certain two-character
function codes originated by the key board or readersand placed on the home-loop or communications line
data channel. These function codes consist of the prefix
code followed by an alphabetic character which initiates a specific printer function.
The codes are originated by holding down thealternate-coding key while operating the prefix key (8).

After releasing both these keys, press one of the alphabetic keys depending upon the function desired.
ALPHABETIC CODEFUNCTION

A

Ribbon Shift Up
Ribbon Shift Down
Single Line Feed
Double Line FeedB

cD

Note: With the Program-Dup switch set to PROGRAM, thesetwo-character function codes are neither printed nor punched,but the associated function is performed. However, if a function
code occurs between a bypass code and a restore code, thefunction code is punched but not printed and the function is
not performed. With this switch set to DUP, both characters of
the function code are punched, the alphabetic character of thiscode is printed, and the function is not performed. (The prefix
character is not a printable character.)A monitor printer does not react to ribbon-shift orline-feed select code when it is transmitted. No fillcharacters are required for these operations.

Audible Alarm {Models 1 and 2)

With this special feature installed, a buzzer in the1051 sounds when:
1. A polled component (except a keyboard) is assigned
to line and is not ready.
2. An addressed component is either not assigned toline or not ready. If a common address is received
and no receiving component is assigned to line andready, the buzzer sounds.
3. The reception of text is interrupted by an interlock
condition.
This special feature does not apply to the 1052 keyboard, the 1092, or the 1093. It operates only in line
loop when the system switch is set to ATTEND. This
alarm ~ounds continuously until reset by pressing thedata check button.

Automatic EOB {Models 1, 2, and N 1)

This special feature adds an EOB switch to the 1052
switch console. When this switch is set to AUTO, thereturn key on the keyboard has a modified function.
Pressing this key causes an EOB character to be generated before the CR/LF character. In home loop, thetape punch punches both codes and the card punchejects the card (either the function panel or operator
panel of the 1057/1058 must be wired for this action)and punches the CR/LF character in the next card.
For line loop the LRC function is automatically completed before the CR/LF character is acted upon andtransmitted.

When the EOB switch is in the MANUAL position, thereturn key functions as usual, causing the CR/LF code
to be generated, acted upon, and, in line loop, transmitted. Message blocks are defined by keying an EOB(alternate coding key-5 key) before pressing the return
key.
Home Component Recognition(Models 1 and N 1)

This special feature provides for the on and off control
of all components operating in home-loop.
With this feature the 1050 system recognizes andacts upon two-character recognition codes placed upon
the home data channel by the keyboard or readers.
Each two-character recognition code consists of a prefix code followed by a numeric code. The prefix code
conditions the control unit to recognize the numericcode that immediately follows it and provides theproper component selection.
These two-character recognition codes are originated by holding down the alternate-coding key while
operating the prefix key (8). After releasing both keys,
press one of the numeric keys depending upon thespecific component selection desired:
NUMERIC CODE
1
2
3
4

5
6
7
8
9
0

ACTION
Printer 1 ON
Printer 2 ON
Punch 1 ON
Punch 2 ON
Printer 1 OFF
Printer 2 OFF
Punch 1 OFF
Punch 2 OFF
Reader 1 ON, Reader 2 OFF
Reader 2 ON, Reader 1 OFF

Note: With the Program-Dup switch set to PROGRAM, thesetwo-character recognition codes are neither printed or punched,but the associated function is performed. However, if a recognition code occurs between a bypass code and a restore code,
the recognition code is punched but not printed (because Bypass
turns off the printer) and the function is not performed. With
this switch set to DUP, both characters of the recognition codeare punched, the numeric character of this code is printed, andthe function is not performed. (The prefix character is not a
printable character.) Also during duplicate mode, all components are controlled only by their respective component assignment switch.

Home Correction (Models 1 and N 1)

This special feature provides the operator with anefficient means (at the 1052) of correcting errors which
occur during home-loop operations. This feature includes:

1. the punch, normal-backspace switch, and2. the punch delete, punch feed, and correct buttons.
25

Punch, Normal-Backspace Switch

This switch is used in home-loop operation for eirror
correction paper tape by altering the operation of thebackspace key.

Normal. Setting the switch to this position provides
normal operation in which the backspace key causesa printer backspace and records the backspace codein the tape of the selected tape punch.
Backspace (BKSP ). When paper tape and printed copy
are being prepared simultaneously and a recorded
error is detected, the switch is set to BKSP. Pressing
the backspace key now, causes the printer to backspace and also causes the tape to backspace with theprinter. Backspace codes are not punched in the tapewith this switch position.
To complete the correction, the operator returns
the switch to NORMAL and manually enters delete
codes of sufficient quantity to delete the tape error.
The error information is then overprinted and thecorrect information is typed beginning at the firstcharacter in error.
Punch Delete Button

Operating this button causes the selected tape punch(or punches) in the home loop to advance by punchinga delete code and a feed hole in the tape. Delete codes
can be punched continuously by pressing and holding
down both the punch-feed and punch-delete buttons.
(A delete button is standard on the tape-punch unit.)

Punch Feed Button

Operating this pushbutton causes the selected tapepunch (or punches) in the home loop to advance bypunching idle characters and feed holes. Holes arecontinuously punched by holding the button in theoperative position. (A feed button is standard on thepunch unit.)

Correct Button

This pushbutton provides an automatic tape-error correction for data-recording operations when the tape isbeing punched. When this button is pressed:
I. The tape advances one additional column andpunches a hole in the 8th-track of the tape.
2. The tape punch then feeds in the reverse direction
until the previous 8th-track punch is sensed. (vVith
this feature a punch is placed in the 8th-track alongwith the CR/LF code when a carrier return is261050 Detailed Information

keyed. This 8th track is punched in home-loop operation providing the system has either home correction or line correction installed.)
3. The tape punch advances over the error item,
punching delete codes through the entire error
record including carrier return code with 8th-track
punch until the 8th-track punch originated in step I
is read. Feed holes are not over-punched in the deleting process.
Note: The mechanism which inserts the 8th-track punchwith the CR/LF character is active whether the tape punch
is in home or line loop. Line correction is, therefore, effective
when transmitting paper tape which was prepared in homeloop even if home correction is not installed.

4. If data is being recorded from a master tape, thereader reverse feeds until a carrier return 8th-track
punch is sensed and then rereads.
5. If a card reader is being used, the card in the reader
will be reread, if an EOB code or the last card column has not been read.
6. If cards are being punched, the card is released anda new card is fed in.
If the correct key operation is to be done in the duplicate mode, all components involved in the operationmust be selected in the program mode (if the homecomponent-recognition special feature is installed) before setting the program-duplicate switch to the DUP
position.

Without home-component recognition, the correct
button operates properly with the PROGRAM-DUP switch
in either position.
If the correct button is pressed with reader 1 assigned to HOME and the reader is not ready, the keyboard interlocks. To prevent this situation, any reader
not ready should always be assigned to the OFF position. This keyboard locking occurs for both PROGRAM
and DUP modes and regardless of whether the systemdoes or does not have home-component recognition
installed.
Note: The delete code is a 7-bit (all bits) code which is:
1. Generated by the 1050 system when initiated either manuallyor automatically (depending on the operation). This code isalso transmitted during line-loop operations.
2. Punched when either the delete button or the correct button
is pressed to initiate a tape deletion for a home-loop operation.
3. Punched by any receiving 1055 when a line-correction operation is initiated by a negative LRC compare following aline-loop transmission. The line-correction special featuremust be installed to permit this operation.
4. Not punched by any reeciving 1055 in either a home-loop
or line-loop operation when receiving from a reader. This
code is never punched by any 1057 or 1058.

Keyboard Request (Models 1 and 2)

The keyboard request special feature renders keyboard polling an efficient and positive operation which
demands operator attention only when keyboard transmission is desired. With this feature a negative reply issent to a keyboard poll or common poll unless theoperator takes specific action. If the keyboard is not
in request status (and the readers are not ready) polling
is resumed with a minimum use of line time.
To place the keyboard in request status:
1. Position the assignment switch for the keyboard to
SEND.

2. Press the request button. The associated light turns
on, indicating that the keyboard is ready to bepolled.
When the terminal is polled, it responds with an endof address (EOA) <Q) code. The request light turns off,the keyboard unlocks, and the proceed light turns on.
To extinguish the request light manually, press theline-reset button.
When this special feature is not installed, the keyboard assignment switch should never be set to SEND
unless transmission is to be initiated from the keyboard
at the next polling cycle. If this procedure is not followed the response to the poll will be positive, whether
transmission is desired or not. If there is no data to betransmitted, the master station or processor must wait
the time-out period before polling can be resumed. If
this occurs frequently, appreciable line time is consumed. This problem can be minimized (without thisspecial feature) by instructing the operator to leave the
keyboard assignment switch in the HOME or OFF position except when data is to be sent.
Line Adapter (Models 1 and 2)

This special feature permits the customer to use his
privately owned, on premise communication lines(rather than communications-company lines) for attachment of IBM 1050 systems. This feature provides
the necessary modulation and demodulation (see data
set in the Glossary qf Terms) of 1050 signals for communication line operation. This equipment is installed
within the 1051.

terminals to be effective. However, this feature is not
required for systems containing only printers, only card
punches, or only printers and card punches. This feature works with the following components when theseunits are part of the system:
1054 Paper-Tape Reader
1055 Paper-Tape Punch
IBM 1056 Card ReadermM 1092 and 1093 Programmed KeyboardsmM

mM

Sending

When a 1054 paper-tape reader is the sending unit, anegative LRC answer causes the reader to reverse-feed
until the 8th-track punch of the last CR/LF code issensed. It then automatically feeds forward and retransmits the message. After the third incorrect attempt
to transmit the message, the tape reader stops and does
not reverse feed again. Manual intervention is required. Without the line-correction feature, the reader
does not reverse-feed and operator intervention isrequired.
When transmitting to the line from a card reader andan EOB code is sensed, the reader stops in column 81
awaiting the LRC answer. If the answer is received
before the card reaches column 81, the card continues
to move. If the answer is positive, the card is ejectedto the stacker. If the answer is negative, the card isrecirculated two additional times, if necessary. Afterthe third attempt, the card must be manually ejectedby operation of the eject button located on the card
reader. Otherwise, a positive response is transmitted
when the reader is repolled (providing the Resend lighthas been extinguished). However, the reader does notstart, because it is still waiting for an LRC answer.
(The 1056 does not receive the third negative answer,
only the 1051 receives this.)If the line-correction feature is not installed, the cardin the reader ejects to the stacker when an EOB code
is sensed. With the reception of a negative LRC answer, the reader remains stopped and operator intervention is required.
Note: Multiple-card groups should not be processed on asystem with the line-correction feature installed. This is because
only the last card of the group (card containing the EOB) is
automatically recirculated following an error.

ReceivingLine Correction (Models 1 and 2)

With this special feature the 1050 system can delete
and retransmit any message designated by the receiving station as being in error. The transmitting terminal
can resend the message two more times, if necessary,
before manual intervention is required. Line correction
must be installed at both the sending and receiving

When a 1052 or 1053 printer is receiving, a negative
LRC compare prints a hyphen (at the end of the line),
and the LRC answer is transmitted to the sending system. A positive answer does not print. This operation
is identical with or without the line-correction feature.
Note: When an error occurs while printing on preprinted
forms, format errors result which will effect following forms.

27

To eliminate format errors, the transmitting terminal must resend all of the contents of that form whenever an error is detected (i. e., use one EOB code only at the end of each completeform). An alternative is to transmit from a 1054 tape reader toa 1055 tape punch, then print from the paper tape in home-loop.

If a 1055 tape punch is the receiving unit, a negative
LRC compare punches a hole in track 8. The tape thenreverse-feeds until the last CR/LF 8th-track punch issensed. (With the line-correction feature, the 8th track
is punched with every CR/LF.) The tape then feeds inthe forward direction, punching delete codes over thepreviously punched information, including the last CR/
LF code. Feed holes are not over-punched in the deleting process. When the deletion process is completed,a negative LRC answer is transmitted to the sending
system.
If the line-correction feature is not installed, thehyphen code instead of the 8th-track hole is punched
into the tape upon the reception of a negative LHC
answer, and operator intervention is required. The system may receive the message again or be re-addressed
at a later interval.
If a 1057/1058 card punch is receiving data, the cardis punched and skips to column 81 upon receiving an
EOB code. If the LRC compare is negative, the card isejected, and a new card is fed into the punch station.
The 1051 then transmits the LRC answer to the sending system. If the LRC compare is positive, an 11-holeis punched in column 81, and the card is ejected. This
hole is not read by a card reader. This operation is thesame with or without the line-correction feature.
Note: The delete code is a 7-bit (all bits) code which is:
1. Generated by the 1050 system when initiated either manu-

ally or automatically, depending on the operation. This codealso transmitted during line-loop operations.
2. Punched when either the delete button or the correct button
is pressed to initiate a tape deletion for a home-loop
operation.
3. Punched by any receiving 1055 when a line-correction operation is initiated by a negative LRC compare followilllg aline-loop transmission. The line-correction special featuremust be installed to permit this operation.
4. Not punched by any receiving 1055 in either a home-loop orline-loop operation when receiving from a reader. This codeis never punched by any 1057 or 1058.

Line Correction Release (Models 1 and 2)

m1ss10n attempt, the resend light is automaticallyturned off, and the reader continues with the next message. The data-check light remains on. There is nooperator intervention.
If there is no answer at all to the EOB/LRC signal,
the line correction release does not operate and manual
restart is required.

Master Station (Models 1 and 2)

This special feature provides a 1050 terminal with theline-control capabilities for polling and addressing
other 1050 terminals. The master station can functionin either a point-to-point operation (1050 to 1050) or amultipoint operation (1050 to several other 1050's).
With this feature, a master switch is provided.
With this feature, a 1050 station with the masterswitch on can also function as a temporary means ofreceiving or transmitting information from other 1050's
on a multidrop line when the transmission control unit
is removed from the line. See Multipoint Operation.

Reader Stop - Prefix J(Models 1 and N 1) Home Loop Only

This special feature alters the termination of the reader
skip operation. With this feature, a reader skip is still
initiated by inserting a reader stop code at the desired
point, and pressing the reader skip button. This causes
the reader to move the tape or cards and sense thedata, but no characters are read. However, the skip is
not terminated by a CR/LF, TAB, LF, or a reader stop
code. Skipping is terminated only by a Prefix J code,
after which reading is continued. This code consistsof a prefix code followed by a }-character. As with thestandard reader skip function, the Reader-Stop Prefix-J
feature operates only in the home loop.

Telegraph Line Attachment (Models 1 and 2)

This special feature permits attachment to 75 bps telegraph facilities so that lower volume data transmission
terminals can be linked into a common network. Using
these facilities, the transmission rate can be up to 8.3
cps between:This special feature modifies the line correction special
feature for terminals that operate with the systemswitch in the unattend position. It is used only at terminals having line correction, and is required only at
the sending terminal.

• 1050 to 7740 point-to-point, 7740 to 1050's multidrop.

Line correction release permits resumption of datatransmission after a third negative answer to the LRC.
Instead of stopping after the third unsuccessful trans-

Note: All terminals expected to communicate directly require
installation of this special feature to accommodate 75 bps fa ..
cilities. With this feature installed, and operating in home-loop.,
the keyboard speed (1052) can be up to 14.8 cps.
·

281050 Detailed Information• two 1050's on a point-to-point basis, or a 1050 masterstation to remote 1050's on a multidrop line or pointto-point basis.

Vertical Forms Control (Models 1, 2, and N 1);

This special feature provides controls for verticalmovement of forms in the 1052 and 1053 printers.
Vertical feeding of forms is controlled with two-character codes and a bead-chain sensing device mounted
on the platen shaft. Reducing the keying required toskip several successive lines decreases not only message
length, but also the possibility of operator error. Forms
output also increases.
The movement is initiated by the function codes thatare received, in either home-loop or line-loop mode,
from a keyboard, tape reader, card reader, transmission
control unit, or a processor. All form movement occurs
at line-feeding speed.
Vertical forms control is required only at the receiving terminal, but can be installed at both terminals if
desired.

Operation

The two distinct operations provided by vertical forms
control are the skip to the first print line (used once
for each form) and skip to the next body line (used foreach vertical format stop after the first print line).
Each operation is initiated by a two-character code
consisting of a prefix and a function character.
To originate the first character of the code, holddown the alternate-coding key while operating the prefix key (8). After releasing both keys, press one of thesefunction keys for the operation desired:
Function Key
Line Feed
Spacebar

Operation
First Print Line
New Body Line

Once initiated by the proper code, the form feedingis stopped by the sensing of a large bead on the appropriate bead chain.
Each format requires a pair of bead chains. The user
designs the chains for his specific requirements. IBM
supplies chains of various lengths and a special tool(pliers 343641) must be used for clamping the large
beads in the desired places.
The first print line should usually be a minimum of
three lines below the top of the form. If use of the top
two lines is desired, the first-print line chain may bedesigned to accomplish this; however, the printing
element must be positioned at the left-hand margin
before printing begins. Initial CR/LF and prefix LF
codes are omitted. In this case the printer is the only
output unit.
If the printer receives a prefix LF or prefix spacecode and no bead chains are in place, continuous line

feeding begins and must be manually stopped by pressing the proper reset key.
The nickel-plated bead locates the starting point of
a form on the bead chain. The platen-disconnect knobof the 1052 and 1053 printers is used to manually line
up the top of the forms document and the nickel-plated
bead. For proper alignment of continuous forms, a pinfeed platen is recommended.
Special pin-feed platen widths available for the 1052
and 1053 printers must be used with vertical forms
control. Forms up to 17 inches and 12-% inches inlength are used with the six and eight lines-per-inch
options, respectively. Thirteen chains are available for
22 form lengths from 2 to 17 inches at six lines per inch.
Eight chains are available for 16 form lengths from 2
to 12 inches at eight lines per inch. A special frictionfeed platen (with extension) is required when usedinterchangably with vertical forms control.
When a remote terminal is polled, the forms skip
must be completed within the transmit time-out (9seconds). The maximum skip, therefore, is 11 inches
at six lines-per-inch or 8 inches at eight lines-per-inch.
When keying, the maximum skipping length is reducedby the time required to transmit a character or code.
For addressing operations, maximum skipping lengths
can be used.
Note: In a point-to-point operation with line control off, thelength of skip is limited by the 9-second time-out at the sending
terminal.

Vertical forms control incorporates various interlocks
to ensure efficient performance. Normal printer functions of line feed and space codes are inhibited whenpreceded by a prefix code. The 1052 keyboard is locked(cannot operate) during form feeding, as well as when
the readers are in operation. The reader stops when theform is feeding and starts again automatically when
feeding is completed.

Compatibility

This special feature is compatible with these otherfeatures: home component recognition, automatic ribbon shift and line-feed select, home and line correction,
automatic EOB, and auto fill character generation. If
the home component recognition is installed, only theselected printer reacts to the function code. In line
operation, printers must be selected to react to afunction code.
Auto fill character generation provides idle codes inpunched tape or cards (with the operator panel special
feature installed and wired), during form feeding when
no monitor printer is used. To eliminate the need for29scientific programs, may render the normal text timeout feature (9-18 seconds) undesirable. Therefore, as
an optional feature this time-out may be suppressed topermit an unlimited period for transmission. Otherwise, the terminal would time-out after 9-18 seconds
without a transmission, and would remain locked inreceive mode until another poll.
If this option is specified, care must be taken to ensure that the operator does indeed terminate the sending operation by transmitting an EOT code.

idle characters or time-outs during form-feeding operations, use the following format.
Master Station
orProcessor

1050

CS)
Al (terminal address)~

CR/LF (with 8-track punch)
PREFIX
LF
EOB
LRC

Note: To be effective, there must be no time-out feature ateither terminal. Also, this option should only be specified forspecialized point-to-point systems.

(text)EOB
LRC

1052 Printer-Keyboard and 1053
Printer

The receiving 1050 delays the LRC answer until theform feeding is completed. This procedure is also used
for new-body-line operations within the document.
With this format and the line-correction feature installed, a transmission error causes the 1050 to operate
as follows:

Controls and Indicator Lights
The number of control switches, buttons, and indicator lights vary according to the model of the systemand depend upon the number of input and output components, and the features installed.

1. Message blocks containing no vertical-forms-control
codes reprint on the following line.
2. Message blocks containing prefix LF codes reprint
on the first print line of the next form.
3. Message blocks containing prefix space codes reprint on the following body-line location.

Nate: The following descriptions pertain directly to the controls
and lights for a Model 1 control unit. However, the controls andlights for the Model 2 and Model N 1 function essentially thesame.
IBM 1050 systems using a 1052 printer-keyboard havethese controls installed at the keyboard location (Figures 15, 16 and 17) for operator convenience. For systems without a keyboard, the controls are installed ina separate switch unit (Figures 3A, 7 and 18), which isplaced beside the printer.

When such an error occurs, the information may
appear on more than one form. However, the nextcomplete form is not affected. To eliminate format
errors, the transmitting terminal must resend all thecontents of that form whenever an error is detected.
An alternative is to transmit from a 1054 tape reader
to a 1055 tape punch, then print while reading fromthe paper tape in home-loop operation.

Switches
System, Attend-Unattend (Models 1 and 2)
Line-Loop Only

Text Time-Out Suppression(Models 1 and 2) Optional FeatureThis switch provides for component motor control, andis a part of the line-control feature.

Specific applications of the 1050, such as training operators or conversation with a CPU when processing

Attend. In this position, turning power ON for the sys ..
tern also provides power to all associated component

SYSTEMMASTERD

PRINTER 1 PRINTER 2

KEYBOARDREADER 1

READER 2

PUNCH 1PUNCH 2 15loP CODE AUTO FILL

@ @()ff §SEND §SEND @~:: §::: §·:: @o" §off
ATTEND

()N

REC

REC

REC

REC

HOME

UN.ATTEND

REC

HOME

HOME

HOM!

HOM!

~ENS!

REC

HOME

ON

SYSTEMEOB

PROGRAMMANUALSYSTEM

TEST

'oUP

8KSP

OFP

SINGLE CY RDR STOPON

§ ~ § @ § §

OFP

HOMI!

PUNCH
NORMAL

DIAL
DISC

AUTO

Off

@·;,: @'::
HOME

HQME

T

l1111l1111l1111l1111l1111l1111l1111l1111l1111l1111l1111l1111l1111l1111l1111l1111l1111l1111l1L11l1111l1111l1111l1111l1111l1111l1111I
0

!I

10

1!1

20

2!1

30

35

40

"5

SO

:1.5

60

65

70

7!J

80

85

90

P!I

100

105

110

115

120

125

130

POW~R
RECEIVE
ALARM

Figure 15.

301052 Switch Panel (for Model 1 1051)

1050 Detailed Information

SYSTEMD

PRINTER I PRINTER 2!KEYBOARD READER I READER 2 PUNCH I ,PUNCH 2

MASTER

@TEND

REC

Off

UNATTENDED

@"""

REC

SEND

Off

OFF

SEND

Off

Off

Off

OFF

15iNGLECY RDR STOPTESTSYSTEM

ON@.::: @°" §ON §ON @ON §ON gENSE

§·:~:

§ON

EOB

STOP
CODE

AUTO

ON

STOP

@ §
§DIAL §
Off
Off
DISC

T

I111ii11111111
rl Ill I I11 II I 1111 I 1111I1II"1111I111 1I 111"1111 I11III1111I1111InIII1111I1111I1111 I 11III1 II" 11III11III1II1I1IIiiIII1 I
s0

Figure ·16.

10

15

20

30

70

75

80

85

90

95

100

105

110

115

120

125

130

RECEIVE
ALARM

1052 Switch Panel (for Model 2 1051)

AUTO FILL PUNCH

PRINTER I PRINTER 2JfEYBOARo READER I READER 2 PUNCH I PUNCH 2

ON

ON

ON

ON

ON

ON

ON

ON

§ Off @Off @ Off § Off § Off @ Off § Off

D

@Off

N@Al

SINGLE CY RDR STOPSYSTEM

EOB

PR§M

@NUAL

DUP

8KSP

ON

STOP

@ §
0"

AUTO

T

I11 II I1111 I 111rlII11 I11 II I11 II I1II" 1111 I1111 I111 I I 1111 I1111 I11 II I1111I11 II I11 II I 1111 I1111 I 1111 I 11 II I1II " 111ii111 dI II 1I1II "II II I

0

Figure 17.

5

10

15

00
Printer 2
Rec
Send
Rec
Home

Printer I
Rec
Send
Rec
Home

§

Reader I
Send
Off
Home

§

50

Punch
Delete

Punch
Feed

S.5

60

Data

rn

SystemAttend@ Unattend

Reader 2

StQ!?_ Code

Send
Off
Home

Sense

§

Off

Auto Fill

Rec
Off
Home

On

§

§

Test

Dial Disc

§

On
Off

Data
Check

Check

Punch 2

Figure 18.

'45

Reader
Start
Home

Rec
Off
Home

Power

-40

ReaderSkip

Punch I

~stem

§

35

Reset
Home

Resend

B

§

30

B

Reader
Start
Line

§

25

65

70

75

80

8_,

90

95

100

105

110

115

120

125

130

1052 Switch Panel (for Model Nl 1051)

Reset
Line

§

20

Off

§

Proceed

Line
Off
Home

§

Master§On
Off

Master, On-Off (Special Feature - Models 1 and 2)
Line-Loop Only

Rdr StQQ.

On. With the switch in this position:@

Program
Dup

Unattend. With the switch set to this position, themain-line switch for the 1050 must be on. The 1057I
1058 main-line switch must also be turned on at thistime. In either a polling or an addressing operation,
all component motors are turned on with a positive
response, irrespective of the position of the individual component assignment switches. When a system is addressed, it delays the positive response until
component motors are running at operating speed.
When polled, a system responds normally but delays
transmission of the first bit of the first text character,until motors are up to speed. After the message has
been received, an EOT code turns off all component
motor(s). Refer to Line Control under Principles ofOperation, 1051 Control Unit.
1

Single~System§motors. The main-line switch on the 1057/1058 card
punch must also be on.

Line
Off
Home

Receive
Alarm

Switch Unit for Model 1, 1051 (required for any
system without a 1052. Each model of the 10511, 2 and Nl requires a different unit).

1. The station becomes a master station, controlling
the polling and addressing operations to all other1050's in either a point-to-point or multipoint operation.
2. Only one station on the transmission line can operate as a master station at any one time. All otherstations on the line controlled by the master must
operate with their line-control switch on. If one of31

the controlled stations has master station capability,
its master switch must be set to the OFF position,
3. The master station keyboard is unlocked.
4. The master station operates on a 19.2-second (minimum) time-out for an interruption of text while receiving.
5. The d LRC answer cannot be sent to a remotestation from the master station.

Off. With the switch in this position, the line-control
standard feature is active and the master station
special feature is inactive. This switch setting permits the station to operate on either a point-to-point
or multipoint line with a transmission control unit,
or with another IBM 1050 system whose masterswitch is turned on. When repositioning this switchfrom ON to OFF, the line reset button must be pressed.
This places the station in a normal starting cond:ition
ready to be polled or addressed. The master station
functions with the line-control switch positioned toeither on or off. When the master switch is positioned to OFF, the station will operate in the mode
dictated by the line-control switch position.
Note: The line-control switch is located on the CE panel.
In the OFF position, the standard line-control feature isinactive, which permits point-to-point operation when neither
station is a master.
In the ON position, the line-control feature is active, permitting point-to-point or multipoint operation with a masterstation or a transmission control unit.

Component Assignment Switches

These switches assign the input and output units to aline-loop (send or receive) operation, home-loop operation, or they completely disconnect the units in someinstances from the system.
All interlocks for a component are in effect when thecomponent is assigned for operation by one of theseswitches:

SWITCHALTERNATE, LINE &HOME-LOOP(1051 Model 1)

Printer 1
Printer 2
Keyl;>oard
Reader 1
Reader 2
Punch 1
Punch 2

Rec, Send-Rec, Home
Rec, Send-Rec, Home
Send, Off, Home
Send, Off, Home
Send, Off, Home
Rec, Off, Home
Rec, Off, Home

LINE-LOOP ONLY
(1051 Model 2)

HOMELOOP
ONLY(1051
Model Nl)

Rec, Send-Rec, Send On, Off
Rec, Send-Rec, Send On, Off
On, Off
On, Off
On, Off
Olll,OffOlll,Off
On, Off
On, Off
On, Off
On, Off
On, Off

Note: When the keyboard is not being used, its assignment
switch should be set to the OFF position. In this position, the321050 Detailed Information

keyboard is locked. Thus, if the keyboard is polled, the terminal
will reply with a negative response, indicating the keyboard has
nothing to transmit. The transmission control unit and processor
can then continue through the polling list.
If, however, this switch is left in the SEND position, the keyboard will reply to the poll with a positive response. The transmission control unit will then wait for a message transmission
from the keyboard. Transmission time-outs in both the 1050
terminal and the transmission control unit are involved :in thisoperation causing considerable unnecessary line time, and should
be avoided if at all possible. For additional information on timings, see the section on Timing Considerations.

When readers or punches are physically disconnected from the 1051, their assignment switches must
be placed in the OFF position for the correct operationof the system.

Printer Switch Operation (Terminal Send). If a printerswitch is positioned to SEND-REC or SEND, data transmitted by the 1050 system will be printed by thatmonitoring printer during transmission. This occurs
without the necessity of the printer being recognizedwith its recognition code. If the switch is positioned
to REC or HOME, data transmitted by the 1050 will
not be printed.
Printer Switch Operation (Terminal Receive). If a
printer switch is positioned to REC or SEND-REC, alltext data will be printed by the printer(s) that havebeen selected by the component select characters.
See 1051 Control Unit, Line Control-Component:
Select Characters.
With the line component-recognition feature, com-·ponent-recognition codes can control the ON and OFF'functions of printer(s) while they are in a text mode,,
However, all printers used during a message should
be addressed (using component select characters) sothat the printer(s) are in a ready status before themessage is sent.
Note: The same operaton applies to all output units on thesystem.

Stop Code, Sense-Off (Models 1 and 2)
Line-Loop Only

This switch controls the action of any reader-stop code
sensed during line t~ansmission. With the switch set to,·Sense: Transmission from the reader to the line ishalted by a reader-stop code. The reader-stop codeis transmitted.

Off: A reader-stop code is transmitted without stopping
the reader.
Note: Selected receiving punches will punch this code withthe switch in either position.

Auto Fill, On-Off (Special Feature Models J and N1) Home-Loop Only

This switch conditions the system to automatically insert idle characters and feed holes in paper tape (or incards if the operator panel special feature-1057 /1058,
is installed and wired). This occurs during the time anyof the following printer functions are being performed;tab, CR/LF, or LF.
These idle characters are automatically inserted during any home-loop operation (with the auto-fill switchon) when a printer and a card punch and/or a tapepunch, is used as output. When switching from standard program to alternate program (on the card punch),enough idle characters are inserted in the tape to provide the necessary switching time.
Paper tape, thus prepared, can be transmitted to aremote printer without the necessity of a monitor
printer at the transmitting end.
Note: Idle characters are also punched into tape (only) for thecard punch functions of dup, skip and release.

Punch, Normal-Bksp (Special Feature Models J and N1) Home-Loop Only

This switch is used in a home-loop operation for error
correction in paper tape by altering the operation of
the backspace key (1052 keyboard). This switch is partof the home-correction special feature.
N orrnal. Setting the switch to this position provides
normal operation in which the backspace key causesa printer backspace and punches the backspace codein the tape of the selected tape punch.
BKSP (Backspace). When paper tape and printed copy
are prepared simultaneously and a recorded error is
detected, the switch is set to BKSP. Pressing thebackspace key now causes the printer to backspace
and also causes the tape to backspace with theprinter. Backspace codes are not punched in thetape with this switch position.
To complete the correction, the operator returns
the switch to NORMAL and manually enters delete
codes of sufficient quantity to delete the tape error.
The error information is then overprinted and thecorrect information is typed beginning at the firstcharacter in error.

System, Program-Dup (Models J and NJ)
Home-Loop Only

The program-dup switch governs the activity of thehome component-recognition special feature, as wellas the home-loop functions of the bypass, restore,
reader skip, and reader-stop codes.
Program is used when the functions of home component recognition, home bypass and restore, reader
skip, or reader stop are to be activated. Also whenprinter and card punch functions are to be controlled
by their respective two-character codes (prefix andalphabetic character). Dup is used when paper tapeor cards are to be reproduced.
Program. When the switch is set to PROGRAM and a
two-character component-recognition code (prefix
code plus a numeric character) is recognized, thesystem performs the proper component recognition,
but this two-character code is neither printed nor
punched. Components recognized in this mode (program) may be turned on or off by their assignment
switches without losing their selected status. To beinitially recognized, however, components must firstbe assigned by the proper switch setting.
Dup (Duplicate). When the switch is set to DUP, thehome component-recognition special feature is inactive, and none of the two-character codes cause
component control. (Component assignment is accomplished through manual operation of the assignment switches.) However, both characters of each
two-character code is punched and the recognitioncode is printed (by all active components). Bypass,
restore, reader stop, and reader skip cannot be initiated in this mode.
Because the assignment switches control component operation in this mode, two readers can be
operated at the same time. However, this situation
should be avoided.

EOB, Manual-Auto (Special Feature Models J, 2 and NJ)

When this switch is positioned to,
Manual: The return key functions as usual, causing theCR/LF code to be generated, acted upon, and, inline loop, transmitted. Message blocks are definedby keying an EOB (alternate coding key and 5 key)
before pressing the return key.
Auto: The return key is modified to cause an EOB
character to be generated before the CR/LF character. In home loop, the tape punch punches bothcodes and the card punch ejects the card andpunches the CR/LF character in the next card. Forline loop, the LRC function is completed before the
CR/LF character is acted upon and transmitted.
33

System, Dial Disc (Disconnect),
Models 1 and 2This two-position switch provides for an automatic
return to neutral from a momentary Dial Disc position.
This switch is used to disconnect the line in a point-topoint dial-up line connection. The EOT @should betransmitted prior to operating this switch, to prevent
printing or punching a hyphen. This can occur because
the no-bit pulse transmitted in the disconnect operation is an even parity.
Operating this switch following the end of a message(EOT) releases the terminal from the communicationline connection. However, this switch must be ciperated at both terminals, if both ends of the connection
are to be released following the EOT. If the automatic
disconnect feature is installed, operation of this switch
at either terminal will disconnect the line at both ends.
Note: To establish the connection, normal dial-up procedures
are used. See the 103-A Dial-up Data Set Procedures in the
Appendix.

Test, On-Off (Models 1 and 2) Line Loop Only

This two-position switch provides a "wrap-around"feature which permits the terminal to check itself in aclosed-loop type operation. With this switch on, theprintable characters and all printer function codes areautomatically generated internally (63 of the 64 codes
are generated, MZ is not generated. Refer to the PTT
code/6 chart, Figure 44.) These characters and flmctions pass through the line-loop data channel, up to thedata set attached to the terminal. They are then loopedback to permit printing the characters and performing
the functions on the printer at the terminal (Figure 19).
To initiate this test operation,
1. Position the test switch ON.
2. Position the assignment switch for Printer-I (orPrinter-2) to SEND/REC.
Note: Printers should not be used in home-loop operation
during this test.

3. Position the assignment switch for the keyboard toOFF.
4. Press the line reset switch to initiate the test.
Note: For proper test operation, the master switch should
be off, or the Q-character will not print. Also, because the
keyboard is not locked during this test, exercise care to
avoid operating the keyboard.

The EOB function is the last code generated andturns on the resend light. Because all generated codes
are added into the LRC counter, this accumulatedcharacter q is now printed, and the data-check lightis turned on at the completion of a correct test (this isdue to an even-parity condition). If a printer is not
assigned for printing during this test, a correct test is
signaled by the resend and data-check lights on at thecompletion of the test. Press the reset and data-checkbuttons to turn off the respective lights and restore theterminal.
Single Cy (Cycle), Line-Off-HomeLine. With the switch set to this position, the reader assigned to line will single-cycle when the line-reader
start button is pressed.

Off. This switch position permits readers assigned toline and/ or home to operate normally when theircorresponding reader start button is pressed.

Ilome. With the switch set to this position, the reader
assigned home will single-cycle when the homereader start button is pressed.
Rdr Stop, Line-Off-Home

This switch is a double-throw momentary switch with
an automatic return to center (oFF) position. It provides manual intervention to automatic input.

Line. With switch set to LINE, the reader stops whentransmitting to the line.
Home. With the switch set at HOME, the reader stops
when operating in the home loop.
Note: To restart a reader, press either the reader start-homeor the reader start-line button.

Buttons (Figures 18 and 20)

Reset Home

Operating this pushbutton resets (to a non-operating
status) all units that have been selected through homecomponent recognition. All selected components are
de-selected except for the reader plugged into thereader 1 position. This button also resets all 1051 circuitry associated with the home loop .

•9

r-TAB---jmfty LHJ"A:

IG?'CZP+ =Figure 19.

34

Test Pattern.

1050 Detailed Information

K Printed Over Q:%EVUWS)/&±RQB,*-3indx®qI, .

Reader Start - Home

This button is used to:
I. Provide an initial start to the reader, and
2. Restart a reader stopped by a reader-stop code, orby the reader stop switch.
Note: Any reader stopped by an interlock condition will
restart automatically when the condition causing the interlock is corrected.

To prevent this automatic restart, the reader stop
switch should be operated (to HOME) prior to correcting the condition causing the interlock.
After the reset button is pressed, pressing the homereader start button:

I. Without the home component recognition special
feature installed, causes either or both readers tostart, depending upon whether they are both readyand assigned (component assignment switches set
to HOME). To prevent incorrect reader operation,
only one reader should be assigned to HOME at any
one time.
2. With the home-component recognition special feature installed,a. causes Reader I to start if it is ready and assigned(component assignment switch set to HOME), orb. causes Reader 2 to start if I is not ready, and 2
is ready, assigned, and selected (by keying or
reading the proper component recognition codewith the Prog-Dup switch set to PRoc). With thehome-component recognition special feature installed, only one reader can operate at any one
time.
Punch Delete (Special Feature - Home-Loop Only)

This button is part of the home-correction special feature. Operating this Hutton causes the selected tapepunch (or punches) in the home loop to advance bypunching a delete code and a feed hole in the tape.
Delete codes can be punched continuously by pressing

Figure 20.

and holding down both the punch-feed and punchdelete buttons. (A delete button is also located on thetape-punch unit.) Delete codes cannot be punched into
cards.
Note: With the home-component recognition special feature
installed, the punch must first be recognized before punching
can start. Without this feature, the punch must only be assigned by proper switch setting. This operation is only necessary
when operating the punch delete button on the 1052. Thisbutton on the 1055 is always active.

Punch Feed (Special Feature - Home-Loop Only)

This pushbutton is part of the home-correction special
feature. When operated, it causes the selected tapepunch (or punches) in the home loop to advance bypunching idle characters and feed holes. Holes arecontinuously punched by holding the button in theoperative position. (A feed button is also located on
the punch unit.)
Note: With the home-component recognition special feature
installed, the punch must first be recognized before punching
can start. Without this feature, the punch must only be assigned by proper switch setting. This operation is only necessary when operating the punch feed button on the 1052. Thisbutton on the 1055 is always active.

Reader Skip (Home-Loop Only)

Pressing this button causes the selected reader to advance over tape or card columns ignoring all codes
until it senses a reader-stop, CR/LF, tab or line-feed
code. (A reader-stop code must be inserted in thecard or tape at the point where the reader-skip function is to start so that a reader skip is only effective
following the sensing of a reader stop code.)
When one of these codes is sensed, the coded function occurs, and the reader is restored to a normal
reading operation. (Tab, CR/LF, or LF will punch if
the components were recognized or assigned prior to
the start of skipping.)
If a reader-stop code is sensed during a skipping
operation, it is not punched, but it terminates the skip
and stops the reader. The reader-start home button

1052 Keyboard and Controls (Standard Character Arrangement)

35

must be operated to start the reader. Skipping occurs
at the normal reading speed. Refer to the Reader StopPrefix J special feature in the 1051 Control Unit-Special
Features section.

Correct (Special Feature - Home-Loop Only)

This pushbutton is part of the home-correction special
feature. It provides an automatic tape-error correction
for data-recording operations when the tape is being
punched. The following functions are performed bypressing this pushbutton:
1. The tape advances one additional column andpunches a hole in the 8th-track of the tape.
2. The tape punch then feeds in the reverse direction
until the previous 8th-track punch is sensed (withthis feature, or the line correction special feature
installed, a punch is placed in the 8th-track alongwith the CR/LF code when a carrier return is
keyed).
3. The tape punch advances over the error item,
punching delete codes through the entire error record. (Feed holes are not overpunched in this deleting process.)
Note: The CORRECT button must not be operated simultaneously with a keyboard operation, to avoid a failure topunch the 8th track.

4. If data is being recorded from a master tape, thereader will backspace until an 8th-track punch issensed and normal reading is resumed.

Reader Start - Line

This button
1. provides an initial start to a master station reader,or to a reader in a terminal with line control turnedoff.
2. restarts a reader which has been stopped by areader-stop code or by the reader stop switch.
3. restarts a polling reader if text is not received by
the master station within its receive time-out. Also,
after either a single or the third unsuccessful transmission attempt by the polled station (dependingon whether the line correction special feature is
installed).
The proper start procedure is to first press the reset
button to restore the terminal and automatically selectreader-I. Then press the line-reader start button to:a. Cause reader-I to start if it is ready and assigned(component assignment switch set to LINE), orb. Cause reader-2 to start if it is ready, assigned,
and selected (by the proper component recognition code). The line-component recognition feature permits only one reader to operate at any
one time.
Note: Any reader stopped by an interlock condition will
restart automatically when the condition causing the interlock is corrected. To prevent this automatic restart, thereader stop switch should be operated (to LINE) before
correcting the condition causing the interlock.

6. Card is ejected from the punch station.

If the terminal is a master station, the reader startline button restarts a polling reader, after first turning
off the data check light. This procedure is used whenever a receive time-out occurs during this type ofoperation.

Reset Line

Request (Special Feature - Line-Loop Only)

Operating this pushbutton:

This pushbutton and associated light initiates a request
for polling to permit a transmission from the keyboard.
Polling requests from each of the other transmitting
units of the terminal are controlled strictly by theirrespective assignment switches.

5. If the card reader is being used, the card in thereader will be re-read unless an EOB code or column 80 has been read.

1. Resets (to a non-operating status) all units that havebeen selected through line-component recognition.
All selected components are deselected except for
the reader plugged into the reader-1 position.
2. Resets the LRC counter to zero.
3. Resets all 1051 circuitry associated with the line
loop.
4. Puts terminal in a text non-selected mode with line
control operative.
5. Resets the transmit time-out control.
6. Turns out the resend, receive alarm and proceed
lights.
Note: The data-check light is not turned off with this button.
361050 Detailed Information

When keyboard transmission is desired:
1. Position the assignment switch for the keyboard tosend.
2. Press the request button. The associated light turns
on, indicating that the keyboard is ready to bepolled.
Note: The assignment switch for the keyboard must be
properly positioned before a keyboard request can be initiated.

When the terminal is polled, and recognizes its address it:
1. Automatically responds with a @ EOA code.
2. Turns on the proceed light.
3. Turns off the request light.
4. Unlocks the keyboard.
Note: If the keyboard assignment switch is not positioned
to send, or the request button is not pressed, the polled terminal sends a negative response®·

Pressing the line-reset button when the request lightis on:
1. Turns off the request light.
2. Drops the terminal from request status.

Data Check (Line-Loop Only)

This pushbutton and associated light is operative during line-loop operation. The light is turned on:
1. At both the sending and receiving terminals whenan LRC error is detected.

contains an error, the receiving station sends a negative
answer @ to the transmitting terminal. The datacheck light is turned on at both terminals and theresend light at the sending terminal remains on. In thiscase, operator intervention is necessary, and the lights
must be turned off manually.
If the line-correction special feature is installed, theresend and data-check lights are automatically turned
off after the first and second attempts.
After a third transmission with error indication, thedata-check light comes on, the resend light remains
on, and the transmission is halted. Operator intervention is then required, and the lights can be manuallyextinguished by pressing their respective pushbuttons.
Pressing the resend button also resets the LRC counter.
(When the resend light is on, a positive answer to apoll is inhibited, but a positive answer to addressing is
not.)
If an LRC answer is not received at a remote terminal, pressing the RESEND button unlocks the keyboard(if it was polled) and permits further keying. The
readers may be started by operating the line-readerstart button.

2. When a VRC error occurs at the receiving terminal.
3. With a dial-disconnect procedure at the remote terminal, unless an EOT code is transmitted first.
4. When power is switched on.
5. When the master station times-out in receive mode.
6. Following a negative response or no response at all
to addressing at the master station.
7. When an interlock condition occurs at a receiving
terminal.
8. Following a completed correct test pattern after
operation of the test switch.
The data-check light is only turned off by pressing
its associated button.

Keys (Figure 20)

Eight of the keys at the top of the 1052 keyboard areassigned function codes in addition to their normalshift and upper-shift character assignments. These
function codes (bypass, restore, EOA, EOB, EOT, prefix, cancel and reader-stop) are keyed by pressing theassociated key for the desired code, while holding
down the ALTN CODING key.
Reference to all but the cancel code is found in thefollowing sections:
Bypass, Restore:

Home Bypass and Restore; Line
Bypass and Restore

EOA, EOT, EOB:Line Control

Prefix:This pushbutton and its associated light is used during
LRC block checking.

Home-component recognition:
Auto Ribbon Shift & Line Feed SelectLine-Component Recognition
Card Punch Functions

RDR Stop:

Stop-Code Switch

The resend light turns on at the transmitting terminal when the EOB character is transmitted and thereader is halted. The EOB character requests the receiving terminal to acknowledge correct receipt of thetransmission.

The cancel code is an even parity character to notify
the receiving terminal that this message is in error andshould be ignored. The printable character for thecancel code is the hyphen (-). An EOB code should bekeyed directly following the cancel code.

The resend light turns off and the reader restarts
upon receipt of a positive answer (V, which indicatesthe message was correctly received. If the message

Note: The alternate coding key must not be pressed simultaneously with the numeric key desired. The alternate coding key
is pressed, held down, then the numeric key is operated as
usual, then the alternate coding key is released.

Resend (Line-Loop Only)

37

Lights (Figures 15, 16, 17,

and 18)

Receive Alarm (Line-Loop Only), for
Systems with Receiving Components

When on alone, this light signifies that at least one of
the receive units is not assigned or is not in a readystatus (lacks forms, cards, tape, power, or taut tape orcard jam condition) causing an interlock \vhen the 1051
main-line switch is turned on. This light turns off when
the non-ready status is corrected.
Note: For additional information, refer to Receive Inte1'locks
in the 1051 Control Unit section.

Printer Controls {Figures 20 and 21)

Une Feed Key. Press this key to vertically line space
the platen.
Backspace Key. Press this key to cause the printelement carrier to move one space toward the left
margin. It is necessary to successively press andrelease this key for each space required.
Shift and Shift Lock Keys. Press either shift key to position the print-element for upper-case printing. To
hold the print-element in upper-case shift, press theshift lock key. If the print-element is presently
locked in upper case, pressing the shift key returns
the print-element to lower-case shift.

Proceed (Line-Loop Only)

This light turns on when:
1. A positive response to polling is received. It turns
off when an EOT @ is transmitted, or when a @is received as an LRC answer.
2. The line connection is established on a dial-up line,with line control turned off on both 105l's.
3. The mainline power switches are turned on at eachterminal in a point-to-point connection with permanently attached communication lines.
Power

This light remains on as long as the mainline switch isturned on.

Figure 21.

381052 and 1053 Printer Controls

1050 Detailed Information

Note: For a system with a 1053 printer and without a 1052
printer keyboard, case shifts must be generated from eithera reader or from the line.

Left and Right Margin Set Levers. These levers provide for positioning the left- and right-margin stops.

To change these stops:
1. Turn the mainline switch on (located on the sideof the 1051).
2. Move the print-element carrier to the center ofthe line by pressing either the space bar or thetab key.
3. Turn the mainline switch off.
4. Lift the top cover and tilt the hinged switch-·panel
toward the operator.

5. Press the blue margin-indicator toward the platen
and slide to the new location.
The exact position of the margins is always
shown at the front of the unit by means of two
blue indicators and the visible margin guide. The
white indicator shows the position of the printelement carrier.
Note: If the right margin is reached for any reason (printing, tabbing, or spacing) during a line-loop operation, an
automatic carrier-return is initiated and printing on-the-fly
occurs. To prevent this, a programmed carrier-return mustoccur before the right margin stop is reached. A monitor
printer must be used at the sending terminal or fill charactersmust be placed in the message to provide sufficient time forthe cR/LF function; During all home-loop operations, thereaders and keyboard are interlocked to prevent this. For
further information, refer to Setting the Right Matgin Stop.

Paper Release. When this lever is moved toward theoperator, it releases the roller tension from the platen, permitting removal or repositioning of the paper.
This lever must remain in the release position whenusing a pin-feed platen.
Paper Bail and Bail Lever. Moving the bail away fromthe platen, by use of the bail lever, permits insertionof paper. When in position, the bail holds the paper
against the platen.
Line-space Lever. This lever controls vertical line
spacing of the platen for either single or double line
spacing.
Multiple-Copy Control Lever. This lever provides foradjusting the print element to platen clearance forbest printing results with single or multiple-copy
forms. Set this lever to the second mark for a threecarbon form and to the third mark for five-carbon
forms.
Platen Variable. Pressing the left platen knob inward
permits the platen to be rotated freely. This should
be used to adjust the typing line as well as to relocate a line when re-inserting a sheet for a correction
or an addition.

is reached. This lever is black and located directly
below the center of the ribbon cartridge and slightly
in front of it.

Ribbon-Position Lever (see Figure 36 ). This four-position lever (left to right) permits the ribbon to bepositioned so that either the bottont (red), middle(red-black), or top (black) section of the ribbon isused. The fourth position (extreme right) is used forstencil operations. Periodic repositioning of this leverextends the life of the ribbon and permits the used
portions of the ribbon to be re-inked. This lever,which is black, is located directly below the leftcenter of the ribbon-cartridge and slightly in frontof it.
With a two-color ribbon on the printer and theautomatic-ribbon shift and line-feed-select special
feature installed, manually position this lever to thethird position from the left. This permits use of theblack portion of the ribbon in downshift and use of
the red ribbon for upshift.
Ribbon-Change Lever (see Figure 36). Moving thislever to the extreme right lifts the ribbon guide andpermits easy removal of the ribbon and ribbon cartridge. This lever is black and located directly below
the right center of the ribbon cartridge and slightly
in front of it.
Tab Key. Pressing this key moves the print-element
carrier to the next tab stop to the right.
Set and Clear, Tab Control Key. Pressing the SET portion of this key (after the carrier is properly positioned by using the space bar) positions a tab stop.
Pressing the CLEAR portion of this key (when the carrier is positioned at a tab stop) clears this tab.
Space Bar. Pressing this key moves the print element
carrier one space to the right.
Carrier-Return Key. Pressing this key returns the printelement carrier to the left margin and automaticallyline spaces to the next printing line.

Note: For a pin-feed platen, the right platen knob must bepressed inward to permit the platen to be rotated freely.

Line Gage and Card Holder. This guide aids paper insertion by providing a center guide-line and sidecalibrations for proper horizontal and vertical alignment. This guide is also designed to hold small cards
in position for typing.
Ribbon-Reverse Lever (see Figure 36). This lever permits the operator to reverse the direction of the ribbon prior to the end of the ribbon. The ribbon
automatically reverses when either end of the ribbon

Interlocks

The presence of paper is necessary to satisfy interlock
circuitry to place the printer in a state of readiness.
Lack of paper is indicated by a contact approximately
two inches from the print line. Printing will not be interrupted by this action, but will continue until themessage block (EOB) is completed. When paper isout, and the printer is addressed again, a negative
response will be transmitted.
39

Keyboard Locked

During a home-loop operation the keyboard is automatically locked when:
I. a reader is operating,
2. either the 1054 paper-tape reader or 1055 papertape punch is reverse feeding during a reread ordelete operation.
3. a card punch is skipping, releasing, or duplicating.
The keyboard will remain locked if an interlock condition (such as a card jam or empty hopper) occurs
on the punch.
4. a CR/LF (automatic or not), TAB, or LF function
occurs on the printer.

During a line-loop operation (with Line Control operative) the keyboard is automatically locked when:I. receiving from the line,
2. transmitting to the line from the reader. If a reader
is stopped due to an interlock condition (out of tape,cards or a jam) the keyboard remains locked. Operating the reader stop switch unlocks it. This condition is not altered by the position of the linecontrol switch.
3. the keyboard assignment switch is set to SEND, anduntil the system sends a positive response to the
keyboard polling address.
4. a @)answer is received to an LRC.
5. an EOB code is sent and the system is in the resend
status (resend light out).
6. an EOT code is received or transmitted.
7. a transmission timeout ends (9-18 seconds).

During a line-loop operation (with Line-Control inoperative) the keyboard is automatically locked when:
1. receiving from the line or transmitting to the linewith a reader.
2. an EOB code is sent and the resend light is on.
The keyboard is also locked in line-loop with themaster-station special feature when:I. receiving from the line or transmitting to the linewith a reader.
2. an EOB code is sent and the resend light is on.
3. the system is in a two-second timeout waiting period
for a polling or addressing response.

2. a reader stop code is recognized.
3. the reader stop switch is operated.
With line-control operative the keyboard is unlocked
when:
I. it is assigned to line and has recognized its assigned
polling character or the general polling character"zero."
2. a reader is not in the ready condition (for a zeropoll).
3. a positive answer
to an LRC is received.
4. the resend light is turned off by pressing the resend
button after receipt of a negative answer to an LRC.
5. a reader is stopped upon sensing a reader stop codeor by manual operation of the reader stop switch
provided the keyboard is selected by a common"zero" poll.
6. executing a carrier return (whether generated or an
automatic basis), tab, and line-feed.

®

With line-control inoperative the keyboard is unlocked when:
I. a reader is in send mode and stopped upon recognition of a reader-stop code or by manual operationof the reader-stop switch.
2. a positive answer
to an LRC is received.
3. the resend light is turned off by pressing the resend
button after receipt of a negative answer to an LRC.
4. the reset button is pressed.
5. executing a carrier return (whether generated or
automatic), tab, and line-feed.
6. a receive time-out (9-18 seconds) ends.

®

The keyboard is also unlocked during line-loop operation with the master station special feature when:I. the master switch is set to ON.
2. EOT code is received.
3. after a two-second polling or addressing response
timeout.
4. operation of reset button.
5. the 20-second receive time-out ends.

Setup Procedures
When the 1052 and/ or 1053 is used with the system,
the procedure is:

Keyboard Unlocked

The keyboard is unlocked in home loop when:
1. neither reader is operating.
40

1050 Detailed Information

1. Turn the 1051 main-line switch on. This causes anautomatic systems reset. If the terminal is in a multipoint network that is in use, turning the power on
can cause an error on the line. Therefore, it is de-sirable to have a schedule for turning power on andoff for all stations in such a network. However, at
all other times, when power is on and prior to thestart of another job, press the reset button to reset
the system. Refer to Controls and Indicator Lights.
Following a reset, Reader I is automatically selected
if the system has component recognition installed
for the assigned loop (home or line). Line-componen t recognition is standard for 1051 Models I
and 2.
Note: When a reset occurs, everything is reset except thedata-check light. This light is then reset by pressing thedata-check button.

2. Verify that the keyboard and printers are set for thecorrect:a. shift status (upshift or downshift),b. line-spacing (single or double),c. ribbon position (refer to Ribbon Position Lever),d. margins and tab stops,
e. multiple-copy control,
f. print element,
g. printing position (print element at the left margin).
3. Check for proper positioning of all assignment andfunction switches located on the 1052/1053 switch
panel. (Refer to Controls and Indicator Lights fordetailed information on these switches.) The switch
position information should appear on the completed operator-instruction sheet for the job.
4. Check 1052/1053 Printers for proper forms, sufficient quantity and proper positioning.

minal, and a reader is transmitting, the reader
stops during a printer CR/LF.
b. Without a monitor printer (at the sending terminal), printing on-the-fly will occur at the remote receiving printer unless fill characters(idle codes) are inserted in the tape or card toallow time for the CR/LF to occur.
2. Automatic CR/LF. Printing on-the-fly will occur
at the monitor and remote receiving printers if anautomatic CR/LF is initiated. An automatic CR/
LF is initiated if the right margin is reached without a programmed CR/LF code having beentransmitted.
The right margin stop must be positioned sothat the distance from the left margin stop corresponds to the maximum line length. When theright margin stop is set too short, an automatic
carrier-return and line feed will occur when theprint element reaches this stop. If the right margin stop is set too long, the message must containa CR/LF code at the proper position, otherwise
the message format will be altered.
Note: The automatic carrier return is provided in the eventthat the programmed or keyed carrier return (the normal
method of returning the carrier) is inadvertently omitted.
The automatic carrier return is not to be used as a planned
operation.

Chain Installation (Vertical Forms
Control Special Feature)

Setting the Right Margin Stop

RemovalWhenever the right margin stop is reached, an automatic carrier-return and line feed function is initiated(however, no CR/LF code is generated). All othersystem-initiated CR/LF operations are controlled by aprogrammed CR/LF code. In most situations, if areader is operating, it will interlock when a CR/LF
is initiated. However, in some cases, it is possible toprint on-the-fly during a CR/LF operation. The following is a summarization of the CR/LF operation underautomatic and programmed situations:

1. Turn the power off.

Home Loop. The reader is always interlocked for an
automatic or programmed CR/LF during home-loop
operation.

Line Loop
1. Programmed CR/LF code.
a. If a monitor printer is used at the sending ter-

2. Lift the top cover, unlatch and lift the forms feed
control arm, shown in Figures 22 and 23. (It has
two idlers and is located at right end of platen.)
3. Disconnect the connector plug (now exposed).
4. Release the platen latches and lift out the platen.
5. Loosen the sprocket idler by turning the thumbnut
about half a turn.
6. Move the sprocket idler about a half inch toward
the platen and retighten the thumbnut.
7. Remove the right-hand chain from the idlers andpass it over the platen knob.
8. Pull gently on the chain in a line tangent to thenylon drive sprocket and toward the idlers to free
the chain from the switch roller.
41

Notch in Paper Guide Assembly

Locating
Rod-

Platen Knob

Nickel Plated Beads (As Installed)
Paper Guide

Connector Plug (in Position)-

Sprocket Idler
Forms Feed Control Arm -Figure 22.

Top View of Forms-Feed Control Device,. , -- - - ·- - - - -x..... Nylon Drive,, ,, "

' '

/

'

·

Sprocket"'\\

Platen Knob
(Dotted Line)

\/
I
I

I

I
I

I

Latch Here
Adjustment Slot for Idlers

SwitchFigure 23.

Side View of Forms-Feed Control Device

9. Remove the second chain from the idlers and pass
it over the platen knob and the switches in back.
10. Pull gently on the chain in a line tangent to thenylon drive sprocket and toward the idlers to free
the chain from the switch roller.
421050 Detailed Information

11. Pass the chain over the wire and plug.
Note: If the platen is replaced without chains installed
and a prefix LF or prefix Space code is received, the printerstarts line feeding and continues until the proper res et button is pressed.
1Replacement

Place the platen on the edge of a desk in the position
similar to its position in the machine. The proper
orientation of the chains may be deduced by comparing the chains to be used with a sample of the form.
When in operation the chain moves away from you.
I. Place the first-print-line chain over the platen knob
onto the left nylon drive sprocket. Check for theproper direction of travel. (This chain usually has
fewer large beads than the body-line chain. To becertain, check against the form.)

2. Pass the plug and wire through the chain so that
it is free.
3. The switch is behind and beneath the platen on
the left side of the control arm plate between thenylon sprockets. It is operated by a spring rollerthat rides against the nylon sprocket. The chain
must pass between the roller and the nylon
sprocket. A convenient way to do this is:a. Hold the chain in tension with your right hand.
b. Look over the platen behind the nylon sprocket.
c. Push the switch roller down with a pencil so
the chain falls into place.
d. Be sure that the chain is properly positioned in
the sprocket. Each bead should be individually
positioned on a sprocket notch.
4. Put the chain on the idlers. If the chains are 12
inches or shorter, they should go over the tension
idler and around the sprocket idler. The first-printline chain goes in the left-hand section of the
sprocket idler. The second chain goes in the rightcenter section. If the chains are longer than 12
inches, they go over and around the sprocket idler(the whole chain) and then loop around the tension
idler. In this case each chain uses two sections of
the sprocket idler. These paths are shown on an
instructional decal on the underside of the top
cover.
5. Rotate the platen so the nickel-plated bead is visible on the nylon sprocket.
6. Place the other chain over the right-hand nylon
drive sprocket so that the two nickel-plated beads
are next to each other on the two nylon sprockets.
Check for the proper direction of travel.
7. This switch is beneath the platen on the right sideof the control arm plate betwen the nylon sprockets. The chain must pass between the roller andthe sprocket. This is accomplished in a manner
similar to step 3:
a. Hold the chain in tension with your right hand.

b. Look over the platen behind the nylon sprocket.
c. Push the switch roller down with a pencil so
the chain falls into place.
d. Be. sure that the chain is properly positioned on
the sprocket. Each bead should be individually
positioned in a sprocket notch.
8. Check the nickel-plated beads for alignment. Adjust the right-hand chain if necessary.
9. Put the chain over the idlers in the same path as
the other chain.
10. Adjust the sprocket idler so there is a little slack inboth chains. The tension idler can be used for fineadjustment.
11. Replace the platen (if pin feed, the notches in thepaper guide shown in Figure 22 must engage thepin feed locating rod behind the platen). The
platen latches click when the platen is in place.
12. Replace the connector plug.
13. Latch the control arm down.
14. Turn the power on.
15. Insert the forms and adjust them to the first printline.
16. Align the bead chains with the form by:a. Locating the form on the first print line.
b. Holding the platen-release knob in.
c. Keying the prefix LF code.
d. Releasing the platen-release knob after line
feeding has stopped.
The bead chains move to the proper position while
the form holds still.
Note: If the terminal has a 1053 equipped with verticalforms control but no 1052, the bead chains must be alignedwith the form manually. To accomplish this:
1. Position the first print line chain (left-hand) so a large
bead is immediately in front of the switch roller (seeFigure 23). The roller should rest upon the first small
bead behind the large bead (single space line feed isassumed). If necessary, the control arm may be liftedto gain a better view of the switch roller. When replacing the control arm, care must be taken to turn theplaten so that no relative motion takes place between
the chain, the control arm, and the platen.
2. While holding the platen knob in so that no motion at
all takes place at the chains, control arm and drive
sprocket mechanism, turn the form to the first print line.
3. Continue with step 17.

17. If the first form is to be used, move the form backat least two lines (below the first print line), guiding the forms behind the platen to prevent slack.
An alternative is to move the printing element to
the left-hand margin, position the first line of theform on the print line, and omit the initial CR/LF
and prefix LF codes.
43Keyboard Operation

Home-Loop Operation

The keyboard is designed to provide for operator keying speeds up to 14.8 characters per second. Beyond
this speed, a momentary interlock occurs between key
strokes to prevent exceeding the 14.8 cps. The shiftstatus of the 1052 keyboard is changed by either reading or keying the opposite shift.
When transmitting to a remote printer, the riblbonshift, line-feeding and print element status should beestablished by transmitting the appropriate codes. The
printer is automatically placed in a downshift mode
when a positive address response occurs or when a @LRC answer is received.

Component-recognition codes keyed or read in thehome loop are effective only when the prog-dup switch
is set to PROG. When a two-character recognition codeis generated (keyed or read), the particular component
control is executed if the assignment switch for thatcomponent is set to HOME. If the assignment switch is
not properly positioned, the components will not operate. However, if the assignment switch is then properly
positioned, the control will be executed without rekeying the recognition codes and system operation cancontinue.
When a component recognition code is keyed orread with the prog-dup switch set to DUP, the code ispunched and/ or printed (only the numeric digit isprinted), depending upon the units assigned to homeloop by the assignment switches. However, with thisswitch set to DUP, no component control is executed.

Keying Component Recognition Codes

The component-recognition codes (home and line) are
two-character codes consisting of a prefix chanider
followed by a specific numeric character. The prefix
character conditions the 1051 control unit to recognize
the numeric character that immediately follows it andthus provides the proper component control. For homeloop operation, keying of recognition codes must be
done with the system in the program mode (systemswitch set to program).
These two-character recognition codes are originatedby pressing the prefix key (8) while holding down thealternate-coding key. After releasing these keys, press
one of the numeric keys, depending on the component
control desired:
NUMERIC CODE
I
2
3
4

5
6
7
8

9
0

CONTROL
Printer I On
Printer 2 On
Punch I On
Punch 2 On
Printer I Off
Printer 2 Off
Punch I Off
Punch 2 Off
Reader I On, Reader 2 Off
Reader 2 On, Reader 1 Off

Through the use of these component-recognition
codes, the operator can exercise keyboard control of
the units desired for each particular application.

Line-Loop Operation

When transmitting to a remote station, componentrecognition codes for receiving units do not affect thereceiving units at the sending station. Conversely, component-recognition codes for input units affect thoseunits at the sending station only.
An addressing operation should contain the propercomponent select characters for the receiving units to
be used. By including the component select characterswith the station address, it ensures that the units will beavailable for control by component-recognition codes
included in the text of the message.
When component-recognition codes are keyed orread for more than one component, the prefix code
~ust precede each numeric code. For example, if
Printer 1 and Punch 1 are to be controlled, the code
sequence is:
CODE

KEY

ALTN Code
PrefixPrinter I On

8

ALTN Code
PrefixPunch I On

I

83

Note: Use of the component recognition codes requires: Home
Component Recognition special feature (for home-loop operation), and the Line Component Recognition standard feature(for line-loop operation).

If the second prefix code is not keyed, the numeric 3
is not recognized as a component-recognition code. Instead, a 3 is printed by the selected printer.

In the home loop, if a 1052 is not part of the system,
the component-recognition codes must enter the system by means of a tape reader or card reader. In these
instances, the tape or card input must be punched at aremote unit.

Keying Bypass and Restore Codes

44

1050 Detailed Information

When a bypass code is keyed (or read):
1. It is not punched.
2. The printer is placed in a non-print status.

;

3. The terminal remains in the bypass mode in which
all subsequent characters (including another bypass)
keyed or read are punched but not printed.
4. A subsequent restore character must be keyed orread to return the terminal to the normal mode ofoperation (read, punch and print).
Therefore, a bypass code inserted immediately before a component-recognition code permits the terminal to accept and punch the recognition code without
executing the function.
A restore code is used to terminate a bypass mode ofoperation. When this code is read or keyed:
I. It is punched but not printed, and
2. The bypass operation is terminated and the printeris returned to a print status.
Example of Line-Loop Keying

This example describes the use of component selectcharacters, component recognition codes, bypass andrestore codes in an addressing operation. The affect ofthese codes on the output components at the receiving
terminal, is indicated under component action.

MESSAGE RECEIVEDCOMPONENTTEXT MODE

ACTIONB

COMPONENTACTION

Printer 1 On, ©Al On and Ready
Yes

Punch 1 On, A3

Punch 2 On, A4

DESCRIPTION

ComponentSelect Character
Positive
responsefrom component

On and Ready

ComponentSelect Character

Yes

Positive
responsefrom component

On and Ready

ComponentSelect Character

Yes

Positive
responsefrom component
End ofAddress

EOA

No Print, No
Punch 1, No
Punch 2Prefix 4(Punch 2 On)

No Print, Punch 1,
No Punch 2

RestoreNo Print, Punch 1,
No Punch 2

Prefix 4(Punch 2 On)

No Print, No
Punch 1, No
Punch 2ComponentRecognitionCodecPrint, Punch 1,
Punch 2

Text

D

Print, Punch 1,
Punch 2Text

E

Print, Punch 1,
Punch 2

Text

BypassNo Print, No
Punch 1, No
Punch 2Prefix 1(Printer 1 On)

No Print,
Punch 1,
Punch 2Component
Recognition
Code

Prefix 8(Punch 2 Off)No Print,
Punch 1,
Punch 2Component
Recognition
CodeF

No Print,
Punch 1,
Punch 2Text

G

No Print,
Punch l,Punch 2Text

H

No Print,
Punch 1,
Punch 2Text

J

No Print,
Punch 1,
Punch 2

Text

RestoreNo Print,
Punch 1,
Punch 2K

Print, Punch 1,
Punch 2

Text

L

Print, Punch 1,
Punch 2Text

Text Mode
MESSAGE RECEIVEDTEXT MODECOMPONENTACTIONDESCRIPTION

Prefix 8(Punch 2 Off)No Print, No
Punch 1, No
Punch 2ComponentRecognition
CodeA

Print, Punch 1,
No Punch 2

Text

Text

BypassControl Mode
MESSAGE RECEIVED
CONTROL MODE

Print, Punch 1,
No Punch 2

DESCRIPTION

ComponentRecognition
Code: Note
in bypass mode,
this code ispunched but thefunction is not
executed.

etc.

Bypass and restore codes used in a home-loop operation (with the prog-dup switch set to PROG) will operate
the same as when received in a line-loop operation.
45

1052 Printer-Keyboard and 1053
Printer - Special Features

T-D, Tape/Document (Only with Edge-Punch Read
Special Feature)

Pin-Feed PlatenThis two-position lever must be set to T to permit the1054 to read I-inch tape, or D to permit the 1054 toread edge-punched cards and ledger stock.

A pin-feed type platen, used for feeding forms withpre-punched feed holes, is available for the 1052 and1053 in a choice of twelve widths. These widths, pin topin, are: 5-Y.l", 6", 7-}1", 8", 9", 9-%", 9-Ya", 10",
10-Ys", 11-W', 11-W', 13-Ys". The form width must be
specified for each pin-feed platen.
The 1052 is equipped for the feeding and stackingof continuous fan-fold forms as long as 15" between
folds.
Note: When the vertical forms control special feature is installed, a special (extension) platen is required.

1054 Paper-Tape Reader
Controls (Figure 24)

Interlocks

Tape Presence Contact. When tape runs out of thereader, this contact is actiyated to stop the reader.
A minimum of 12 idle characters must follow the last
punched character to insure that the message is readcompletely before the reader stops.
Tape-Tension Lever. If a strain is placed on the tape sothat it can no longer feed, this lever is activated, andthe reader stops (see Figure 24).
When tape is inserted in the home loop, or if the tauttape condition is relieved, the reader automaticallystarts. The same is true for the line loop, unless the system has timed out.

Tape Advance Wheel

This wheel permits the operator to feed the tape manually forward or in reverse without reading the tape.
Table Release

Pressing this button causes the tape guide to raise,permitting the insertion or removal of punched media(tape or edge-punched documents).

Setup Procedures
When the 1054 is being used with the system, the setup
procedure is:
1. Place tape in tape reader and check for properalignment of tape. The proper tape insertion procedure is:a. Position the T-D lever with T visible (for tapeoperation).
b. Press the table-release button to raise the table.
c. Insert the tape under the tape guide (and also
under the guide adjacent to the tape-tension
lever) with the tape leader over the sensing pins.
These pins are indicated by the red line on thetape guide. The tape should be inserted with thetape leader to the right and the three-track section of the tape toward the back of the reader.
(The tape contains three punching tracks on one
side of the feed holes and five punching tracks on
the other side.)d. Reposition the table by pressing the table down
and check that the feed holes are over the feedpins.
e. Operate the tape-advance wheel to manually position the first coded column over the sensing pins
(as indicated by the red line on the tape guide).

Figure 24.

461054 Controls

1050 Detailed Information

Note: The procedure for the insertion of edge-puncheddocuments is the same as for tape except that the T-D
lever is positioned with the D visible (for documents).

2. A reader can be transmitting to the line while thesecond reader is simultaneously operating in ahome-loop.
3. A reader will not start if the assignment switch forthe selected reader (reset or programmed by component recognition) is off when the reader-start button(home or line) is pressed. However, if the assignment switch is then properly positioned (home orline), reading will start automatically unless areader-stop was initiated prior to the repositioningof the assignment switch.

Figure 25.

1054-Tape Insertion

2. Thread the leader end of the tape through theguides (Figure 25) and insert in the take-up reelslot so that the counterclockwise rotation of the reel
will properly wind the tape. This reel is a split-reeltype with the front removable for easy insertion andremoval of tape.
Note: To place a reel of punched tape into the center feedreel for reading by the tape reader, position the roll with thethree-hole edge up. The inside (leading) end of the tapemust be twisted 90° so that the three-hole edge is toward
the back of the reader, and then inserted over the sensing
pins. Be sure that the tape feed holes align with feed pins.

3. If the reader stops because of the tape-presence
contact opening, operate the reader-stop switch tothe proper line or home position for the operation
before inserting another document or tape.
If this procedure is not followed, the reader will
start automatically once the tape table is loweredwith another document or tape in position. This
could damage the feed holes. This situation is also
prevented by sensing a reader stop code or deselecting the reader just prior to the end of the
document or tape.

4. A reader, assigned to a home-loop operation, andreading, is stopped by:a. Sensing a reader stop code when the prog-dup
switch is set to PROG. If this prog-dup switch is
set to the DUP position, reading the stop code results in the code being punched but, in this case,the code will not stop the reader.
Note: The setting of the stop code switch has no effectin home-loop.

b. Positioning the reader-stop switch to HOME.
c. Running out of tape.
d. A CR and LF, LF, or tab operation on a printer,or a release, DUP or skip on the card punch.
e. A taut tape condition.
5. A reader assigned to a line-loop operation, and reading, is stopped by:a. Sensing a reader stop code with the stop-code
switch set to SENSE. See Stop Code Switch in the1052 Printer-Keyboard and 1053 Printer section.
h. Positioning the reader-stop switch to the line
position,c. Running out of tape, ord. A taut tape condition.
6. When a reader reads a prefix code followed by thecomponent-recognition code for the alternate reader
it will:
Home Loop:

Reader Operation -1054

General Rules

1. Only one reader can operate in any one loop (Homeor Line) at any one time.
Note: Avoid setting the assignment switches for two readers
to HOME if the home-component-recognition special feature
is not installed. Reader conflict occurs if the home-reader
start button is pressed with both readers assigned to HOME
(if the system does not have this special feature).

a. Stop the reader and transfer reading to the alternate reader if the prog-dup switch is set to PROG,
with the home component recognition special feature installed.
b. Allow the reader to continue reading but punch
the prefix code and/ or print the component-recognition code with the prog-dup switch set to DUP.
In this case, reading is not transferred to thealternate reader.
Line Loop: Stop the reader and transfer reading to
the alternate reader.
47

Polling a Tape Reader

Polling is a centrally controlled method (using a central
unit such as a 1050 master station or a transmission
control unit) which permits stations on a line to transmit without contending for the line.
The presence of tape in the tape reader of any 1.050
system places the reader in a ready status for polling
operations (if the assignment switch for that reader ispositioned to SEND). When the component is polled,
reading of the tape starts automatically and the keyboard is locked.
When the stop-code switch is set to SENSE and areader-stop code is :read from tape, the reader stops.
If the poll was a common poll (component selectcharacter-0), the keyboard automatically unlocks topermit the entering of data. However, if the poll wasfor a specific reader (component select character-G or7) the keyboard will remain locked at this time. To
restart the selected reader, the operator must press theline-reader-start button.
Therefore, if interspersed reading and keying is desired, poll the station with the common polling character (0), or keyboard polling character 5.
Note: If the keyboard polling character 5 is used, reader I canbe started by pressing the line-reader-start button. Reader-2
must be recognized before it can start.

When the common polling character is used,
I. Reader-I will transmit if it is assigned (component
assignment switch set to SEND) and READY.
2. Reader-2 will transmit if it is assigned and readywhen reader-I is not.
3. The keyboard is unlocked if neither reader is assigned and ready.

stop code is sensed and is transmitted. To restart, thereader start line button must be pressed. If the readerstop code is preceded by a bypass code the reader will
not stop, but the code is transmitted.
In the OFF position, the reader-stop code is transmitted without stopping the reader. Punches receivingfrom the line punch the reader-stop code with thisswitch set to either SENSE or OFF.
Reader Skip (Home Loop Only)

This operation is effective only after the reader has
been stopped by sensing a reader-stop code punchedin the tape. After such a stop, pressing the reader-skip
button on the keyboard starts the reader advancing,passing over punched data until a tab, CR/LF, or line
feed code is sensed. At this point, the coded function
occurs and reading resumes. If another reader-stop
code is sensed, the reader stops again. Skipping can berestarted by again pressing the reader skip button;
reading can be resumed by pressing the reader starthome button.
Automatic Tape Reread

This operation requires either the home-correction special feature or the line-correction special feature. Thispermits the selected tape reader to backspace (after
the proper signal) to the beginning of a record andthen reread the record.
During line transmission, this operation is repeated
two more times, if necessary. After the third read attempt, the reader stops and manual intervention isnecessary.
See Home Correction and Line Correction in the1051 Special Features section.

Reader-Stop CodeHome Loop

If the Prog-Dup switch is set to PROG, and a reader stop
code is sensed, the reader stops and the code is notpunched. It can be restarted by pressing the reader
start home button. If the reader stop code is sensed
when the prog-dup switch is set to DUP, the cod·e ispunched, and the reader does not stop.
Note: Check the Reader Stop - Prefix J special feature ulllder
the 1051 Control Unit - Special Features.

1054 Paper-Tape Reader - Special Features
Center-Roll-Feed Reel and Take-Up Reel

This special feature permits the tape to be read in thesame order in which it was punched, by feeding fromthe center of the punched tape roll (see Figure 8). It
also provides a power-driven take-up reel for the rewinding of tape after it has been read. The center-rollfeed and take-up reels are 6 inches in diameter.
Edge-Punch ReadLine LoopIn this mode of operation, the action of a sensed
reader-stop code is conditioned by the setting of thestop-code switch. With this switch set to SENSE, transmission from the reader to the line halts when a reader481050 Detailed Information

This special feature permits edge-punched (chad type)
documents to be read by the paper-tape reader. The
documents can be paper, punched card, or ledger card
stock with a minimum thickness of .004 inch and amaximum thickness of .010 inch, including folds.

Documents must be fed singly, except for specified
fanfold documents, which can be fed in continuous
form. Document size limits (for single documents) are
4.0 inches for minimum length (feeding edge) and 16.0
inches for maximum length. Document width can be aminimum of 2 inches and a maximum of 12 inches, butcannot exceed its length.
Note: This feature does not preclude interspersed use of paper
tape.

continues at high speed (60 cps) to column one. If a
card is in the card path, pressing the eject button
causes the program tape to home at high speed andthe card to eject to the stacker.
Feed (Model 1 Only)

Pressing this button feeds a card into reading position
from the 1056 hopper. This button is not active during
the time the 1056 is operating (reading, feeding, orejecting). Also, it is not active when the stacker is full.

1056 Card Reader
Auto EOB (On-Off)

Controls (Figure 26)
Eject

Pressing this button on the card reader causes any cardin the card path to automatically eject to the stacker.
With the Model 1 card reader, the preceding operation will also cause a card from the hopper to move tothe read station. During ejection, no reading takes
place from program tape or from card, and an EOB is
not generated.
With the 1056 feed and hopper empty, pressing theeject button causes the program tape to home at reading speed until the 12-track punch is sensed, then it

This two-position switch permits automatic generationof an EOB code from the trailing edge of the card,
when on. When off, this switch inhibits the generationof this automatic EOB. The inhibit function exercisedby this switch, is effective for both home-loop and lineloop operations. When off, this switch permits any
number of cards to be read without the generation of
an automatic EOB. The EOB is placed in the last card
to properly end the record.
Program Tape, On-Off (Special Feature)

This two-position switch is associated with the cardreader-program special feature, and when on, permits
normal program tape operation. When off, the program
tape is not effective. Refer to Figure 26 for the locationof this switch on the 1056 Model I. The 1056, Model 2,
has this switch located inside the right-side cover.

Interlocks

The 1056 contains several interlocks to check for proper
operation. The most significant of these are:Card Lever 2. When this lever is activated, it indicatesthat a card is positioned at the reading station. If
this lever is inactive, a negative response occurs
when the 1056 is polled.
Card Lever 3. When this lever is active, it indicatesthat the card contains the proper corner-cut (C-1)
to permit its being read by the 1056. All cards areplaced in the hopper of the 1056, face-down columnone edge first.
Note: A card containing an improper corner-cut is removed
from the 1056 by pressing the eject button.

Figure 26.

1056 Model 1, Controls

Right-Side Cover Switch. This switch is active when
the right-side cover is fully closed. When inactive,
this switch prevents the 1056 from operating while
the program tape is being changed or adjusted.
49

If the 1056 is polled while this cover is open, a negative response occurs. If this cover is inadvertently
opened while a card is reading, an interruption inreading occurs. In this case, the 1056 is restored bypressing the eject and feed buttons.

Setup Procedures

When the 1056 is being used with the system, the setup
procedure is:
1. Press the eject button to stack any card which inadvertently remained in the card reader because of
improper shutdown of the system. (The 1051 mainline switch must be on at this time.)
2. Install the card reader program tape (if used) in thereader with the column 1 under the brushes withthe 1-track toward the machine. Check the on-off
switch for the program tape to ensure that it isproperly positioned.
3. Place the card(s) in the hopper of the card rea~derface down, column 1 edge first. After loading a packof cards, place the card weight on top.
Press the feed button to move a card into reading
position, and thus place the 1056 in a ready status.
(The cards stack face up in original order.)4. Press the reset button on the 1052 to reset the system prior to initiating system operation.
Installing a Program Tape

When the program tape is changed the power should
be turned off. Open the right side of the 1056 for accessto the tape reading mechanism. The reader brush assembly is locked in position by the knurled locking rod(Figure 27). Raise the assembly by pulling the rod
outwards and lock it in the raised position by releasing
the rod. Push the tape tensioner left and remove theprogram tape. Slide the new tape over the drive andtensioner with tape track-! towards the machine . For
initial alignment, the reference edge (left curved surface on tape tensioner) should be at about column
3-:K to 4 on the program tape. Tighten the tape tensioner by sliding to the rightmost position. Now thereference edge should align with the tape at column
4-:K to 5. Lower the reader brush assembly, locking itin position with the knurled rod. Close the side panel
and turn the 1051 main-line switch and the 1056 program tape switch on.

Reader Operation -1056

General Rules

1. Only one reader can operate in any one loop (Homeor Line) at any one time.
Note: Avoid setting the assignment switches for two readers
to HOME if the home-component-recognition special feature
is not installed. Reader conflict occurs when the home-reader
start button is pressed with both readers assigned to HOME
(without this special feature installed).

2. A reader can be transmitting to the line while thesecond reader is simultaneously operating in ahome-loop.
3. A reader will not start if the assignment switch forthe selected reader (reset or programmed by component recognition) is off when the reader-start button(home or line) is pressed. However, if the assignment switch is then properly positioned (home orline), reading will start automatically unless areader-stop was initiated prior to the repositioningof the assignment switch.
4. A reader, assigned to a home-loop operation, andreading, is stopped by:a. Sensing a reader stop code when the prog-dup
switch is set to PROC. If this prog-dup switch is
set to the DUP position, reading the stop code results in the code being punched but, in this case,the code does not stop the reader.
Note: The setting of the stop code switch has no effectin home-loop.

Figure 27.

501056 Program Tape Reader

1050 Detailed Informationb. Positioning the reader-stop switch to HOME.
c. Running out of cards.
d. A temporary interlock due to a CR and LF, LF,
or tab on a printer, or to a release, DUP or skip on
the card punch.

5. A reader assigned to a line-loop operation, and reading, is stopped by:a. Sensing a reader stop code with the stop-code
switch set to SENSE. See Stop Code Switch in the1052 Printer-Keyboard and 1053 Printer section.
b. Positioning the reader-stop switch to the line
position,c. Running out of cards.
6. When a reader reads a prefix code followed by thecomponent-recognition code for the alternate reader
it will:

Home Loop:a. Stop the reader and transfer reading to the alternate reader if the prog-dup switch is set to PROG,
with the home component recognition special
feature installed.
b. Allow the reader to continue reading but punch
the prefix code and/ or print the componentrecognition code with the prog-dup switch set to
DUP. In this case, reading is not transferred to thealternate reader.
Line Loop: Stop the reader and transfer reading to
the alternate reader.
7. Except during an eject operation, the card reader
always emits an EOB character at column 81 (ifthe auto EOB switch is set to auto) for both homeand line-loop operations. Unless, an EOB character is previously read from either the card program
tape or a card column. The EOB character:a. Stops all reading from the card, as well as the
program tape.
b. For home-loop operations the card is ejected andstacked, and the next card is fed into reading
position.
c. For line-loop operations the card is ejected andstacked when a positive answer to the EOB is
received. If a negative answer is received, thecard recycles and is reread if the line-correction
special feature is installed. A negative answer
following the third transmission attempt stops
the recycling of the card and the resend anddata-check lights remain on. The operator must:(1) Remove the cards from the hopper.
(2) Press the eject button to stack the error card.
(3) Remove the card just stacked and correct, if
necessary.
(4) Place the corrected card in the hopper andreplace the cards removed in step 1.
(5) Press the feed button to move the first card
to the read station. Press the resend and datacheck buttons to reset these lights. The reader
can now respond automatically the next time
it is polled.

If the line-correction special feature is not installed, the card does not recycle following thefirst negative answer to the EOB. Instead, thecard is ejected (when the EOB code is read),stacked, and the next card is fed into the reading
position.
The operator must:(1) Remove all cards from the hopper.
(2) Remove the last stacked card and correct, if
necessary.
(3) Place the corrected card in the hopper.
(4) Replace the cards removed in step 1.
(5) Press the feed button to move the first card
to the read station. Press the resend and datacheck buttons to reset these lights. The reader
can now respond automatically the next time
it is polled.
8. For card reading in either home-loop or line-loop
operations, the EOB character punched in the card
can be ignored by using the card-reader-program
special feature. The program tape must have aneject code punched in the 9-track and located in
the corresponding tape column to the card column
with the EOB code. This operation eliminates the
EOB character and causes the card reader to continue in a read status (if cards are in the hopper the
next card is read). Exercise care in eliminating this
EOB, because this permits transmitting large groupsof cards with only one LRC. When an error occurs,
all cards in this group must be retransmitted. Because of this, it is desirable to place an EOB at theend of each card. If the line correction special feature is installed, the batching of cards into multiple
card groups is impractical. This is because only thelast card (EOB card) is recirculated when an error
is indicated.
To send the EOT @ character from the card
reader, it must be sent via a trailer card. With unattended operation thewill turn off all component motors leaving the card in the card path. However, when the next polling occurs, the terminal responds positively, the card is ejected and the next
card is fed and read. If no card follows the EOT
card, the terminal times-out and reverts to receive
mode.

®

Polling a Card Reader

Polling is a centrally controlled method (using a central
unit such as a 1050 master station or a transmission
control unit) which permits stations on a line to transmit without contending for the line.
The presence of cards in the card reader of any 1050
system places the reader in a ready status for polling51

operations (if the assignment switch for that reader ispositioned to SEND). When the component is polled,
reading of the cards starts automatically and the keyboard is locked.
When the stop-code switch is set to SENSE and areader-stop code is read from a card, the reader stops.
If the poll was a common poll (component selectcharacter-0), the keyboard automatically unlocks topermit the entering of data. However, if the poll wasfor a specific reader (component select character 6 or
7) the keyboard will remain locked at this time. To
restart the selected reader, the operator must press theline-reader-start button.
Therefore, if interspersed reading and keying is desired, poll the station with the common polling character (0), or keyboard polling character 5.
Note: If the keyboard polling character 5 is used, reader Jl canbe started by pressing the line-reader-start button. Reader-2
must be recognized before it can start.

Whether in the home or line loop, card ejection isaccompanied by card feeding in a Model I loaded witha card pack. During ejection, no reading (from the card
reader program tape or from the card) takes place, andan EOB is not generated by the trailing edge of the
card.
Reader-Stop CodeHome Loop

If the Prog-Dup switch is set to PROG, and a reader stop
code is sensed, the reader stops and the code is notpunched. It can be restarted by pressing the reader
start-home button. If the reader stop code is sensed
when the prog-dup switch is set to DUP, the code ispunched, and the reader does not stop.
Note: Check the Reader Stop - Prefix] Special Features underthe 1051 Control Unit Special Features.

When the common polling character is used,

1. Reader 1 will transmit if it is assigned (component
assignment switch set to SEND) and READY.
2. Reader-2 will transmit if it is assigned and readywhen reader-I is not.
3. The keyboard is unlocked if neither reader is assigned and ready.
Card Eiection - Home Loop

A card is ejected (at 60 cps) to the stacker when:

1. an EOB code is read from the card, or generated by
the trailing edge of the card as it passes under theread station.
2. the eject key is pressed.
3. a hole punched in the 9-track of the card reader
program tape is sensed.
4. an EOT code is read.
Card Eiection - Line Loop

A card is ejected (at 60 cps) to the stacker when:

1. an EOB code is read from the card, or generated by
the trailing edge of the card as it passes under theread station (if the line-correction feature is notinstalled).
2. the eject key is pressed.
3. a hole punched in the 9-track of the card reader program tape is sensed.
4. an EOT code is read.
5. a positive answer to an EOB/LRC is received (if theline-correction feature is installed).
Note: A negative answer recirculates the card and it is notejected after the third negative answer.
521050 Detailed Information

Line LoopIn this mode of operation, the action of a sensed

reader-stop code is conditioned by the setting of thestop-code switch. With this switch set to SENSE, transmission from the reader to the line halts when a readerstop code is sensed and is transmitted. To restart, thereader start line button must be pressed. If the readerstop code is preceded by a bypass code, the reader will
not stop, but the code is transmitted.
In the OFF position, the reader-stop code is transmitted without stopping the reader. Punches receivingfrom the line punch the reader-stop code with thisswitch set to either SENSE or OFF.
Reader Skip (Home-Loop Only}

This operation is effective only after the reader has
been stopped by sensing a reader-stop code punchedin the card. After such a stop, pressing the reader-skip
button on the keyboard starts the reader advancing,passing over punched data until a CR/LF, tab or linefeed code is sensed. At this point, the coded function
occurs and reading resumes. If another reader-stop
code is sensed, the reader stops again. Skipping can bestarted again by pressing the reader skip button; :reading can be resumed by pressing the reader-start homebutton.
The 1056 recognizes the IBM card code equivalent of
the basic PTT code/6. These codes include the upshift
and downshift codes through which additional graphics can be provided. Any card code punched in a cardis read, translated and transmitted by the 1056. The
resultant translated code may be valid, it may be ofincorrect parity, or it may be garbled.

Automatic Card Reread

This operation requires either the home-correction special feature or the line-correction special feature. Whentransmitting to the line and an error is detected, thisenables the card reader to reread the card, two moretimes if necessary, and retransmit the message in error.
If the message is still incorrect after the third transmission, the reader stops and manual intervention isnecessary. See Home-Correction and Line-Correctionin the section on 1051 Special Features.

columns. In this case, two tape-reading cycles occur forthat column, and one for the associated card column.
When the eject track is punched, the card being
read is ejected to the stacker and no EOB code is
generated.
Field skipping is controlled by tracks 10 and 11.
Card data is ignored during skipping, but if data ispunched into the tape, it is read and acted upon, including data in the skip-start column. A valid charactercode must be punched into the same tape column withthe skip stop punch to insure stopping.
Note: This valid character is read and acted upon. If no action
is desired, use an idle or delete code.

1056 Card Reader - Special Features
Card Reader Program

A punched paper-tape loop, physically the same as thatfor the 407 tape-controlled carriage, provides a meansof conserving card columns used either for constantdata or for control and instruction codes. This featureeliminates the need for punching some, or all, of thecontrol codes in the cards.
Data punched in the tape can also be read, thereby
doubling card capacity (160 columns) if necessary. The
tape and the card move synchronously during the reading operation, a column of the tape and a column ofthe card being read alternately, starting with column 1of the tape. If data is punched in a tape column, as
well as in its corresponding card column, two reading
cycles occur. If the tape is not punched in that column,
only one reading cycle occurs.
Controls and data are punched in the tape (Figure28) as follows:
TAPE
TRACK

1
2
3
4

5
6
7
8

9
10
11

12

When skipping is stopped with an 11-track punch,the 1056 reverts to normal reading operations; the datain the corresponding card column is read. Skipping canalso be stopped by an EOB or EOT code in the tape, a
9-track punch, or by pressing the eject button. In these
instances, except for EOB, reading is not resumed, but,rather, the card is ejected to the stacker. When the
EOB stops the skip, normal EOB functions apply. Refer to Reader Operation-1056 in the Principles of Operation section.
Each program tape must contain a punch in track 12.
This tape-homing punch is used to maintain the proper
relationship between the card columns and their associated tape columns. Also, any data punched in thiscolumn is read. Various length cards require this hole
to be punched into the following tape column areas(refer to Figure 28):CARD
LENGTHLENGTH OF
TAPE LooP

DATA
COLUMNSLOCATION OF
TRACK 12PUNCH

80 col.
51 col.
22 col.

81 col.
54 col.
54 col.

22 col.

81 col.

1 through 80
1 through 51
1 through 22
28 through 49
1 through 22
28-49
56-76

56 through 80
29 through 51
2 through 22
29 through 49
2 through 22
29 through 49
56 through 7 6

FUNCTION
B-Bit
A-Bit
C-Bit
Data and Function Code Punching
8-Bit(PTT Code/6)
4-Bit
2-Bit
I-Bit
PrefixEject
Field Skip Start
Field Skip Stop
Tape Homing Punch

When the prefix track is punched, its associated(following) numeric or alphabetic character can bepunched in the same tape column to conserve card

With this feature, a switch is provided to enable theoperator to make this feature operative when desired.
Note: Data that is punched in tape columns beyond the lastcard column is not read.

51-Column Card Feed (Single Card Feed),1056 Model 2 Only

This feature provides the card reader with the ability
to feed, read, and stack interspersed 51-, or 80-column
cards.
53

8 =Prefix
9 =Ejectr--10 =Skip Start
11 =Skip Stop
12 =Tape Horne Return":-::!-.-:1+
\;I

::

1 ·

12

l++h
I.·.-.+- -+-1---1 - I

t..:..r.::,++-+--+-- !- -f+--t-f-ri::-~:~:j:::_ -::f·-:::·=J_ +--. . .-r.l
f- - ·"1 =t . - •1--1.. .; +-.· +-- - , ~ - .

+--... ·-17+-t-i~+--~±:+t":::i:
12Jt-l"i 7~ • 10 11 12 13 14=+ ·ft,·1 22·2$_:: 1.:Ft±~::-:: · _t-- :111
2!1-28ti 17 II 11 20-21

24

27 21 12 29 30 31 32 33:t~.;.::_f-:-

34 :u,-31-37-31 H

. ~.

.

TI 1

-H-!-+;+++-H- -t-++--±J:: t--+-++-1-r+~+=-+-++ +~.!-++-f=t-+•' .Ji-ff-,B-=,1e-ioi1.. '..o·t-142 ~~J49 41 41 48 41IKI~15213 ..~. . si II 51 • • ,-u---ts-M1~7~1i19 70 1T-12 1374-711

i--~To_~~mus_1_b_e_1h_is_lon_g_t_o~pro_c_es_s_OO_c_ol_umn~c-or_ds_(h_o_m_ing~p-u_nc_h_mus_t_M~in_a_c_ol_um_n_M_l_we_e_n~~°"-d_00-'-)~----1j--------~--------~--~--~.
To~ also this long lo process 22 column cards (homing punch must be in 3 places: Mlween 2 and 22; 29 and 49; ~and 76)

Ta~ must M this long to process 51 column cards (homing.punch must be in a column between 29 and 51)

Ta~ also this long to process 22 column cards (homing punch must M in 2 places: between 2 and 22; 29 and 49)

Figure 28.

J.,1056 Program Tape

Extended Character Reading (1056 Model 1 Only)

This special feature permits the 1056 to read andtranslate upshift as well as downshift characterspunched in the IBM card-code. The insertion of shiftcodes in the card is unnecessary since the shift statusof each card-code character is recognized by the 1056,
and a shift code is automatically generated for eachchange in the shift status. Also, an appropriate shiftcode is generated for the first character read (fromeither the card or program tape) for each record. Thisfeature accommodates all punched card characters in
the PTT code/6 (see Figure 44).
When this feature is installed on a 1056 containing
the card-reader-program special feature, the card
reader has the added ability to generate shift codes for
any PTT code/6 characters read from the program
tape. The extended-character-reading special feature
also modifies the 9 and 11 control codes as follows:
9-upshift. For this control code to be active, the same
tape column must contain a valid character punchedin PTT code/6.
11-Skip Stop/Eject (if not skipping). This code now
causes a skip stop if the card is in the process ofskipping. However, if the card is not skipping, it isejected when this code is read.
A track-9 punch must be placed in each column containing an upshift character to generate the upshiftcode. A 9-punch alone does not generate this upshiftcode. During generation of any shift code, reading is

54

J

J

1050 Detailed Informationsuspended from both the card and program tape. Shiftcodes are not generated for function codes, space code,or for the character immediately following a prefix
code (unless the prefix code is punched in the tapeand its associated numeric or alphabetic character ispunched in the corresponding card column).
Note: The standard card code and the extended card code arecompatible for line-loop operations due to the identical bit
configuration of the characters (see Figure 44). However, forhome-loop operations, the card readers and card punches mustall be equipped with extended character capability or all be
without this capability. A card reader with this extended character reading special feature can however, correctly process
cards containing the standard card code.

Short Card Pack Feed (1056 Model 1 Only)

With this feature, the 1056 can feed, read, and stack
22-, 51-, or 80-column cards. The hopper and stacker
capacity is 300 cards. Adjustable card stops are pro-·vided to permit operator adjustment of the stacker toaccommodate the three different lengths. In addition
to pack feeding, these cards can be fed individually.
However, in no case can cards of different lengths beinterspersed.
When designing a 22- or 51-column stub card for use
in the 1056, it is desirable to place the stub portion in
the first card columns rather than the last. This method
provides the best stub-card characteristics for feeding.
However, if it is necessary to place the stub in the lastcard columns, the score must be one of the following:
M-3, HMl-A, M-4, M-5, OM-1, OM-2, S-1 or S-5.

1055 Paper-Tape Punch
Controls (Figure 29)

to its left most limit so that it is not effective. For document punching, this lever is moved to the right. It
must remain in a raised position until after the document is inserted, then lowered to an active position.

DeleteOperating this button causes the tape punch to advance the tape by punching a delete code and a feed
hole. Delete codes can be punched continuously bysimultaneously pressing and holding down the delete
and feed buttons on the associated punch. A punchdelete button is also located on the 052 if the homecorrection special feature is installed.

Tape Pressure Lever

This lever is located to the right of the punch station.
During both tape punching and document punching,
this lever is in a down position (active). However,when tape is inserted, this lever must be raised until
the tape is properly positioned, then lowered.

Feed

Interlocks

Pressing this pushbutton causes the tape punch to advance the tape by punching idle characters and feedholes. Holes are continuously punched by holding the
button in the operative position. A punch-feed button
is also located on the 1052, if the home-correction special feature is installed.

Protective features for the 1055 include a tape-tension
interlock and a tape presence interlock. In the homeloop, either of these interlock conditions causes thepunch to stop punching; but the reader does not stop,and the keyboard does not lock. In the line loop, eitherof these conditions stops the punch, and causes thereceive alarm and data-check lights to come on. See
Receive Interlocks in the 1051 Control Unit Section.

Tape AdvanceThis wheel permits the operator to feed the tape manually forward or in reverse without punching the tape.
Note: If tape is moved forward, exercise care because no feedholes will be punched.
Document Pressure Lever

This lever is located to the left of the punch station.
During tape punching this lever is manually positioned

Setup Procedures
When the 1055 is being used with the system, the setup
procedure is:Fon TAPE
I. Place a blank reel of tape in the tape supply pan andproperly thread the tape through the guides.

2. Move the document pressure lever to the left sothat it is ineffective for tape operations.
3. Pivot the tape pressure lever up.
4. Take the leading end of the tape from the supply
pan and thread the tape with the outer surface ofthe tape up for punching.
5. The tape should pass under the tape-tension lever,the die, and the tear guide.
6. The tape is then threaded around the guides (Figure 30) on the side of the unit and inserted in the
take-up reel slot to permit counterclockwise winding of the tape.
Note: The tape reel is the split-reel type to permit easy
insertion and removal of the tape.

7. Lower the tape-pressure lever.

Figure 29.

1055 Controls

8. Press the feed key to punch several inches of tapewith feed holes and idle characters. This permits
self-aligning of the tape for proper punching registration.
.Sf)Figure 30.

1055-Tapc InsertionFoR EDGE-PUNCHED DocuMENTS
1. Move the document pressure lever to the right andpivot up so that the document can be inserted,
2. Insert document from the left toward the right withthe top edge of document against the registration
rail, and the right edge of the document under thedie and firmly against the stop which is locatedhere.
3. Lower the document pressure lever onto the document. All feed holes in the document must be prepunched, because no feed holes are punched by thetape punch during document punching.

Punch Operation - 1055
Automatic Tape Delete

This operation requires either the home-correction special feature or the line-correction special featurn. See
Home-Correction and Line-Correction in the section
on 1051 Special Features. A hole is punched in track 8561050 Detailed Informationof the tape along with the CR/LF code when thisoperation is performed. This punching in the tape iden·tifies the start of a message block corresponding to one
printed line, and the end of the previous line. The
8-hole is punched:
1. When the C RI LF code is punched at the beginningof each data line within a message. This is also considered the end of the previous data line.
2. In a home-loop operation, when the operator presses
the CORRECT button upon sensing an error thatshould be deleted. Pressing the CORRECT button also
causes the tape punch to reverse-feed to the previous CR/LF code (with a punch in track 8). The
tape then feeds forward, punching delete characters
until the track 8-hole punched by the CORRECT button is passed.
3. In a communications-line operation, when an incorrect message is received, a negative answer is delayed until the tape punch reverse feeds to theprevious CR/LF code and forward deletes until the
8th track punch is sensed. This is followed by a reread operation at the transmitting tape reader.

1055 Paper-Tape Punch - Special Features
Edge PunchingThis special feature permits documents with prepunched feed holes to be fed and punched (chad type)by the paper-tape punch. Documents can be paper,
punched card, or ledger stock with a minimum thickness of .004 inch and a maximum thickness of .010 inch,
including folds. Document size limits (for single documents) are 4 inches minimum length (feeding edge),and 16 inches maximum length. Document width canbe a minimum of 2 inches and a maximum of 12 inches,but cannot exceed its length.

Auto Skip, Auto Dup

When this two-position switch is turned on, the program for automatic skipping and automatic duplicating
is effective. When this switch is turned off, the 11 (start
automatic skip) and 0 (start automatic duplication)
codes in the program card are nullified.
Automatic skipping proceeds at the rate of 80 columns per second; automatic duplicating, at 20 or 18
columns per second, depending upon whether thepunch is a 1057 or 1058.
Main LineThe length of continuously-fed fanfold documents
must be evenly divisible by .100 inch for proper registration. The first feed hole must be .050 inch from theleading edge of the document. Documents greater than
8 inches long cannot be punched within .6 inch of theleading and/ or trailing edges (leading edge of first andtrailing edge of last with continuously-fed fanfold
documents). See Figure 9. The direction of feed for all
documents must be identified by printing, corner cut(on corner away from punching), or some other identification.

Print (1058)

Note: This feature does not preclude the interspersed use of
paper tape.

Keypunch; Autopunch

Take-Up Reel

This special feature provides a 6-inch power-driven
take-up reel for the rewinding of tape after it has been
punched.

This two-position switch (see Figure 12) must be
turned on for the punch to operate either with the1050 System, or as an independent punch.

When this two-position switch is turned on, the character is printed, above each column, as the respective
character is punched. This provides for a full 80 columns of interpreting.

When this two-position switch is set to KEYPUNCH, all
the normal keypunch functions are available. On AUTOPUNCH, the punch is under system control (assignment
switches, component-recognition feature-line or home,component selection and attend-unattended operation
under line control, etc.).
Motor Control

This three-position switch (On, Test, Off) provides:
On: The 1057/1058 is operative with the 1050 System.

1057/1058 Card Punch
Controls (Figure 31)
Auto-Feed

When on, this two-position switch permits the punch
to automatically feed another card when column 81of the card passes the punching station. At the sametime, the card in the left card bed is stacked, the one
in the center is registered at the reading station, andthe one at the right is registered at the punching station. This automatic feeding occurs when column 81of the card passes the punching station by any one of
the three possible operations: punching, skipping, or
releasing. See Stacker Auto-Feed.

Test: The 1057/1058 has no power in this position regardless of the position of the mainline switches on
the 1051 and 1057/1058. This is a safety device foruse when the 1057/1058 is being serviced.
Off: The 1057/1058 operates as a stand alone unit

even if the 1051 mainline switch is turned off.
Stacker Auto-Feed; On-Off

This two-position switch (see Figure 12) on the stacker
must be on to permit the auto-feed switch on the1057/1058 keyboard to be effective. It is a momentary
switch that turns off when the stacker becomes full,and returns to the ON position when the cards are
removed.
57

ON

AUTO
PUNCH

ON

•fl

f)
AUTO SKIP

PRINT

KEY

AUTO DUP

#

PUNCH

$

OFF
MOTOR
CONTROL••'1J ...,,~ .:,,,. ~ ",:.::;,ON
TEST~· ~tl.I~~~~~~:...~

Figure 31.

1058 Keyboard and Controls

Interlocks

The following conditions must be satisfied in the 1057I
1058 in order to constitute a ready status for line loop
operations:
1. Selected to AUTO PUNCH.
2. A card must be at both the read and punch stations.
The card at the read station also is used to detect
card feed jam conditions.
3. The program card star wheels must be in the reading position.
58

1050 Detailed Information

4. A stacker switch indicates an unfilled stacker.
5. Main-line switch ON.
A buzzer will sound if any of these conditions is
not satisfied (with the exception of item 5).

If any of these interlocks occur while the punch isoperating in the home loop, the punch stops punching .
The reader does not stop in this instance, nor does the
keyboard lock.

Program Card 8-Punch Interlock

An 8-punch must be placed in the program card, one
column before the start of a programmed skip or
duplication, to provide sufficient time to interlock thereaders. This is required for home-loop operations withthe 1057/1058 in either the normal or alternate program mode. (For line-loop operations, idle charactersmust be generated.)
This 8-punch is also required in column 80 of the
program card to permit enough reader-interlock time
for card feeding in the card punch. However, when an
EOB or a card release occurs, no 8-punch is required,since an automatic interlock occurs for these situations.
Also, when programmed skipping or duplication is initiated in column 1 of the card, the insertion of an
8-punch is unnecessary. The use of this 8-punch meansthat the program card function of printing zeros to theleft of the first significant digit is not available foralternate program.
An EOB generated by the trailing edge of a card in
the 1056 is punched in column 1 of the next card in
the 1057/1058 (home-loop operation, card reader tocard punch). However, the program card must containan 8-punch in column 80. The card containing thispunched EOB is then ejected and the next data transmitted from the 1056 is punched in column one of thefollowing card (1057 /1058).

Setup Procedures
When the 1057/1058 is being used with the system,
the setup procedure is:

1. Place the blank cards in the hopper and lower thestar wheels on the program drum.
2. Turn on the main-line switch for the punch (locatedon the right leg). Now turn on the main-line switch
for the system (located on the side of the 1051).
When the main-line switch for the system is turnedon an automatic reset for the system occurs. This
causes an automatic eject and 'feed cycle at the card
punch.
Note: For any operations except UNATTENDED, the system
attend-unattend must be set to ATTEND when line control
is on.

3. For system operation, set the following switches:

Auto Skip, Auto Dup, ON (provided this control isdesired).
Stacker Auto Feed, ON.
4. Press the feed key (on the punch keyboard) twice
to register cards at both the read and punch stations.
5. The program card used in the 1057/1058 is punched:
NORMAL
PnoGRAMFUNCTION

12
11
0
1
2
3
blank
8

Field Definition
Start Automatic Skip
Start Automatic Duplication
Alphabetic Control
Print Preceding Zeros
Suppress Printing
Start Manual Field
Reader Interlock Time

ALTERNATE
PROGRAM

4

5
6
7
Unavailable
9
blank
8

Punch Operation - 1057I1058
PTT Code/6 Translation

The 1057/1058 translates and punches any PTT Code/6(Perforated Tape and Transmission Code/for 6-Bit environments) code received. This is under the control of
the function panel and the operator panel special
feature.
Exceptions: DELETE and IDLE codes are not punched, unless theoperator panel special feature is installed; thus permitting thepunching of idle codes.

The 1058 card punch can print:
26 alpha characters, A through Z
10 numerics, 0 through 9
8 special characters
The following codes received by a 1058 from the1051 may be punched (depending on wiring of function
or operator panel), but are not printed:
EOB
BypassRestoreReader Stop
Line Feed
Tab
Punch ON
Record Mark
Carrier Return/Line Feed

Punch OFF
Upper case
Backspace
Lower case
EOT (Home-Loop Only)
PrefixMinus Zero
Plus Zero

Auto Feed, ON.
Print, ON (if unit is a 1058 and printing is desired).
Keypunch-Auto, set to AUTO.

Prefix F, G, and H codes are translated to performthe following in either home or line-loop operations:

Note: When KEYPUNCH-AUTO is set to AUTO, a buzzer willsound if any ready status interlock is not satisfied.

1. Prefix F is duplicate. The field to be duplicatedmust be defined by the program card.
59

2. Prefix G is alternate program. Alternate program
status is retained until the end of the card.
3. Prefix H is card release. The card is released to thestacker. Any field duplication as defined by the program card is executed.

Function PanelA patch panel accessible to the IBM Customer Engineer
permits the user to assign the function codes as a groupto perform one of the following actions:
I. Function only
2. Punch only
3. Function and punch
4. No action

the stacker. Any programmed duplication takes
place.

Line-Loop Operation (function panel wired to Punch
and Function). An EOB code received at the 1057/
1058 is punched and the card is released to Column
81 where it waits. (Programmed duplication is retained.) A positive answer to an LRC from the 1051
Control Unit causes an "11" to be punched in Column 81 indicating a correct card. The card thenreleases to the stacker. A negative answer to an LRC
causes the card to be released to the stacker without
an 11-punch in Column 81 (indicating an incorrectcard).
An EOT code received from the 1051 Control Unit is
not punched and does not release the card to thestacker.

Note: The function panel is functionally replaced by theoperators panel special feature when installed.

When the 1051 control unit transmits the PTT
code/6 to the 1057/1058, for one of the functions listed
in the first column, the associated action occurs. The
specific action initiated depends on the function panel
or operator panel wiring, as indicated by the four columns on the right of the following chart.
PTT CoDE/6
FoR

FUNCTION
ONLY

Tab
EOB

Skip*
x
(Line) Skip
to Col 81(Home) Release NA
Release
NA
NA
x
x
NA
NA
x
NA
x
Skip*
x
NA
x
NA
x
NA
x
Duplicatex
Alternate
Programx
Card Release
x
Space
NA

EOT
Reader Stop
Backspace
Upshift
Downshift
CR/LF
LF
BypassRestorePrefix F
Prefix G
Prefix H
Space

PUNCH FUNCTION &
No
ONLY
PUNCH
ACTION

x

x

x
x

NA
NA

NA
NA
NA
NA

x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x

x
NA
NA
NA

x
x
x
NA

x
x
x

*Skip field defined by format of the program card.
NA -Not Applicable

Note: Without the operator panel installed, the EOB and EOT
codes always perform their functions.

Home-Loop Operation (function panel wired to Punch
and Function). An EOB or EOT code received fromthe 1051 is punched and causes the card to release to60

1050 Detailed Information

1057 I 1058 Card Punch - Special Featu1·es
Extended Character Punching (1057 Only)

This special feature permits the 1057 to translate upshift as well as downshift characters from the PTT
code/6 to the IBM card-code, and then punch thesecharacters. Any shift codes encountered during translation are automatically eliminated before punching.
This feature accommodates all punched card characters in the PTT code/6 (see Figure 44).
Note: With this feature installed, the function panel of the1057 should not be wired to punch shift codes. Refer to the
Principles of Operation-1057/1058 Card Punch: Function
Panel.

Operator Panel

This special feature overrides the function panel :in the1057/8 with an operator accessible plugboard. This
operator panel also increases versatility because eachfunction code is individually wired and controlled.
The operator's panel is located behind the left-handside panel of the 1057 or 1058. It consists of four columns of wiring hubs (Figure 32), with the two lefthand columns common (code hubs). If there is no wiring for· a code, it is punched, but no action is caused.
If one of the common hubs is wired to the corresponding "function" hub, the function occurs. 1f a code hub
is wired to the corresponding "no-punch" hub, the code
is not punched. If both code hubs are wired, one ·tothe function hub and the other to the no-punch hub,the function occurs but is not punched. This descrip-

tion applies to each code independently, subject to thefollowing restrictions:
HTQ-Q SKIP Q0

NLQ-0 SKIP 0

0

RsQ-Q

0

0

aso-o

0

0

uco-o

0

0

Lco-o

0

0

LFQ-0

0

0

avo-o

o~N ~ 0E REso-o

OT ~o
c

,;

c

0

D

ILQ-Q

c

0

SPQ-0 SPACE Q

"o

0

REL Q

0

EOB o - o HROERL L Q
PREFIX
se:oo-o
0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

EOTQ-Q

HT
NL
RS
BS
UC
LC
LF
BY
RES
IL
SP
EOT
EOB
SEQ

0
N

p

0

CODES

Horizontal
Tab
EOB

FUNCTION
ONLY
Skip*

Line-release
to Col. 81
Home-release
Release (home
EOT
only)
NA
Reader StopNA
BackspaceNA
UpshiftNA
Downshift
New Line (CR/LF) Skip*
NALine FeedNA
BypassNA
RestoreSpace
Space
Sequence (prefix) X**

PUNCH FUNCTION No
ONLY & PUNCH ACTION

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x
x
x

NA
NA
NA
NA

x
x
x
x
x
x

x
x
x
x
x

NA

x

x

NA
NA
NA
NA
X**

x
x
x
x
x

*Skip field define by program card**Applies to sequence (prefix) codes which control card punch
functions: duplicate, alternate program, and card release.
NA-Not Applicable

Note: The cover door must be closed to permit operation of
the punch.

- Horizontal Tab- Carriage Return and Line Feed
- Reader Stop
- Backspace- Upper Case
- Lower Case
- Line Feed
- Bypass- Restore- Idle- Space- End of Transaction (Release Card in Home only)- End of Block (Home or Line -Release Card)- Any Prefix - Sequence Code

Figure 32.

1057/1058 Operator Panel

61

Special Techniques

Data Packing - Home Loop (Using theCard Reader Program Special Feature)
General Outline

CoDE
THIRD
CARD
FOURTHCARD

The high degree of flexibility possible with the IBM
1050 System is demonstrated by the wide range of applications it can process. One of these applications is
the packing of several card records into one printed
and punched record, with one EOB per packed line.
The 1050 components required are: 1051-1052 (or 1053)
1054-1055-1056.
Suppose the first twenty columns of each card arepunched with data to be printed and punched. Cardcolumns other than the first twenty can be used; however, the program tape must contain the proper skip
start and skip stop codes to permit this. Any numberof card columns can be packed, but the number ofcolumns used per card must remain constant. The
punching for the input cards and program tape is asfollows:
INPUT CARDSPROGRAM TAPE
Column 80-Homing Position(12-track)
Column 21-Prefix(8-track punch)
Column 22-Eject

Columns 1-20-Data
Column 21-Component-recognition code -9 (Reader 1 on,
Reader 2 off)
Columns 22-80-data not to be
used for this application(Prefixl Zero(Prefixl ZeroEOB
CR/LF(Prefix~ Zero(Prefix~ Zero(Prefix~ Zero(Prefixl Zero
EOB
CR/LF
etc.

DESCRIPTION

End-of-Block
Carrier-Return and Line Feed

The number of cards to be packed per line determines the number of prefix zero codes per EOB. If thistape is spliced into a continuous tape-loop, the splice
should occur after the last EOB code. The starting position of the tape is that section containing:
CODE
PrefixOne
PrefixThree
CR/LF

DESCRIPTION
Printer 1 on
Punch 1 on

Detailed Description

The program tape and the card are read alternately
column for column, starting with column one of thetape. The component-recognition code (9) could havebeen punched in column 21 in PTT code/6 form alongwith the 8-track punch (prefix) presently there. However, this requires additional planning to prevent any
data punched in card column 21 from punching.
The master paper-tape in the tape reader is punched
as follows:
CODE

START
PORTIONr~

One
Prefix
Three
CR/LF

FIRST
CARD

{ Prefix
Zero

SECOND
CARD

f Prefix62

Zero1050 Detailed Information

DESCRIPTION
Printer 1 On
Punch 1 On
Restores Print element to left
margin.
Reader 2 On, Reader 1 Off(transfer reading to the card
reader from the tape reader)

The necessary setup procedures are:

1. Place all required components in a ready status andassign to HOME.
2. Place program tape in the card reader with column
one of the tape under the brushes and turn on the
program tape switch. (See Installing A Program
Tape in the 1056 Card Reader section.)
3. Place cards in card reader and master tape in tapereader (and align).
Now the operator should:

1. Press the reset button to restore the terminal andplace reader 1 in a selected status.
2. Press the home-reader start button:
a. Tape reader reads from the master tape:
Prefix, one-Printer 1 On,
Prefix, three-Punch 1 On (tape punch),CR/LF-Restores print element to the left margin and line spaces vertically,
Prefix, zero-Reader 2 On, Reader 1 Off (transfers reading to card reader from the tape reader).
This code is used as a means of controlling thenumber of cards packed per line.

paper-tape). The card column assignment for all input
cards used in this method of packing is:b. Card reader reads from the program tape andcards:

Reader 1 on, Reader 2 off (transfer to the tape reader)
Card eject and stack
Data not to be used for thisapplication.

Columns 1-20 (tape and cards) are read alternately starting with the program tape. The significant information is the data contained in columns 1-20 of the card. This data is read and thenit is both punched (by punch 1) and printed (byprinter 1).
Column 21 of the program tape contains the prefix code (8th-track punch).
Column 21 of the card contains the componentrecognition code (9) which transfers reading to
the tape reader from the card reader.

CARD COLUMNS

Column I-prefix
Column 2-three
Column 3-22-Data
Column 23-prefix
Column 24-nine,
Column 25-EOB
Columns 26-80

d. Card reader reads:
Column 22 of the tape containing an eject code
(9-track punch). This code causes the first card toeject and stack. The second card is then fed andread (repeat steps b, c, and d).

CODE
START
PORTION

FIRST
CARD

SECOND
CARD

THIRD
CARD

FOURTH
CARD

This operation continues until the fourth transfer tothe tape reader. At this time the EOB in the mastertape is read and punched. This is followed by the reading and execution of the CR/LF code. The reading ofcards and the punching of data into tape then continues for the second packed line.

Data Packing - Home Loop (Without theCard Reader Program Special Feature)

Punch 1 on (tape punch)

The master paper-tape is punched as follows:c. Tape reader reads from the master tape:
Prefix, zero-this transfers reading to the card
reader from the tape reader.

DESCRIPTIONIDESCRIPTION

PrefixOne
CR/LF

Printer 1 on
Carrier Return and Line Feed.

Pr~::enPunch 1 off (tape punch)lllPrefixZero

Reader 2 on, Reader 1 off (transfers
reading to the card reader fromthe tape reader)PrefixSeven
PrefixZero
PrefixSeven
PrefixZero

Pr~::en{ Prefix
Zero
EOB
CR/LF

Pr~::en{ PrefixZero
etc.

End-of-Block
Carrier Return and Line Feed

(Fifth card begins second line printout.)

Note: The number of cards to be packed per line determines
the number of prefix seven and prefix zero codes necessary inthis tape per EOB. If this tape is spliced into a continuous tapeloop, the splice should occur after the last EOB code. The starting position of the tape is always the portion indicated in theexample.

General Outline

The same type of packing operation can be performed
with the same 1050 units and without the use of the
card-reader program special feature. In this operation,
however, each card must contain the control information that was previously punched in the program tape.
Also, the tape punch must now be turned off prior toreading the EOB from the card. This permits packing
the desired number of cards per line (as specified by
the number of prefix zeroes, per EOB in the master

Detailed Description

The setup procedures are the same as for the previous
packed-card operation (except for the program tape).
After these setup procedures are completed, the operator must:
1. Press the reset button to restore the terminal andplace reader 1 in a selected status.
632. Press the home-reader start button to cause:a. Tape reader to read from the master tape:
Prefix, one-Printer 1 on,
CR/LF-Restore the print element to the left
margin and line space vertically,
Prefix, seven-Punch 1 off. This prefix seven code
is a precautionary code placed in this position toensure that an extra EOB is not punched into thetape at this point. When the tape is spliced, thetape reader starts to reread the START portion of
the tape before the previous card is ejected anda new one is fed and read.
Prefix, zero-Reader 2 on, Reader 1 off (transfers
reading to the card reader from the tape reader).
This code is used as a means of conh·olling thenumber of cards packed per line.
b. Card reader to read from the card:
Columns 1-2 contain the prefix three code toturn the tape punch on.
Columns 3-22 contain data to be packed.
Columns 23-24 contain the prefix nine code whichtransfers reading to the tape reader from the card
reader.
c. Tape reader to read from the master tape:
Prefix seven code which turns off the tape punchprior to returning to the card to read EOB. This
prevents the tape punch from placing an EOB
code in the tape following the data from eachcard. Therefore, it is possible to pack several
cards into one line of data with one EOB per line.
Prefix zero code transfers reading to the card
reader from the tape reader.
d. Card reader to read from the card:
Column 25 contains an EOB code which causes
the card to eject and a new card to feed and read(repeat steps b, c and d).
This operation continues until the fourth transfer tothe tape reader. At this time the EOB in the mastertape is read and punched. This is followed by the reading and execution of the CR/LF code. The reading ofcards and the punching of data into tape then continues for the second packed line.

Point-to-Point Operation (Figure 33)
When only two terminals are connected to a communications line, the operation is termed point-to-point. All
1050 Systems connected to public telephone, or leasedline switched networks, operate point-to-point. This is641050 Detailed Information

distinguished from multipoint networks on leased or
private non-switched lines. Possible modes of operation
for point-to-point communication are:
MasterorTransmission
ControlUnitno voice
103-F, Telegraph Attachment,Line Adapter

Transmission
2. Control
Unit

voice
103-A

MasterorTransmission
Control
Unit

voice
103-A

1051
4. Line Control
Off

voice or no voice
103-A, 103-F, TelegraphAttachment,Line Adapter

1051
Line Control
On1051
5. Line Control
Off

voice or no voice
103-A, 103-F, TelegraphAttachment,Line Adapter

1051
Line Control
Off

1.

3.

1051
Line Control
On-I Line1051
ControlOff~

1051
Line Control
On

In Examples 1-3, either the master station or thetransmission control unit always controls the line andthus, the message traffic. In Example 4, the terminal
operating with line control off can not recognize pollingor addressing responses. When addressing therefore,
time must be allowed to receive a response before
transmitting the text. When polling, the transmis-·sion of text from the polled terminal must be delayed
until the polling terminal transmit time-out (9-18 sec-·onds) has ended. However, the waiting period at thepolled terminal can be reduced by pressing the resend
button at the polling terminal after the polling address
is sent (this resets the transmit time-out).
In Example 5, a contention system exists, especiallywith a no voice-line connection. In this case, the terminal which transmits the first character, controls theline. The receiving terminal cannot transmit until theend of its 9-18 second receive time-out. The only indication to the operator as to when this occurs is the lackof further text reception, or trying to send by keying
or starting a reader.

For both Examples 4 and 5, receive units should always be assigned to line and ready, to ensure that alltransmissions are received. With line control off, there
is no way to determine at the sending terminal if thereceive units are ready to receive data.
Unattended operation is possible in any of the pointto-point examples described (1-5), as well as in multipoint operations. For maximum efficiency in such op-

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Figure 33.

Point-to-Point Operation

erations, the line correction and line correction release
special features should be installed. Normally, if asending terminal fails to transmit a message successfully, its data check light and resend light are turnedon and the terminal cannot send again until the resend
light is manually tu,rned off.
With the line-correction feature, two additional attempts to transmit are made. If still unsuccessful, theline-correction-release feature turns off the resend lightand starts transmission of the next message. In thiscase, messages that failed to transmit correctly fromthe tape or card reader are not identified in any way
at the sending terminal. However, at the receiving terminal, incorrect messages are indicated by printed
hyphens, an absence of an 11-punch in column 81 of
the punched cards, and three message deletions in thepunched paper tape.

Multipoint Operation (Figures 34 and 35)
Polling

The master station polls other stations with output
units by these methods:

polling address: @ A6, CS) B6, @ C6, etc. This istrue for both a polling or an addressing operation. Before actual polling, assign a master-station printer tosend-receive by positioning its assignment switch. (Thisprovides line monitoring for recording the stations
polled, polling responses and negative LRC answers.)
A polled system must respond within two seconds. If
no response is received, keyboard polling can proceed
after this interval.
Once the master station has polled another station,
the master-station keyboard is locked and remains
locked during the reception of text until the EOT @code is received. This code unlocks the master-station
keyboard to permit further polling. The keyboard isalso unlocked at the end of a 20-second (minimum)
time-out when the master station fails to receive acharacter during text transmission. In this instance, themaster station data-check light is turned on. To continue polling, press the data-check button (to turn out
the associated light) and key another polling address.
The third condition that causes the keyboard to unlock
is an unsuccessful poll (negative response or no response within 2 seconds).
Paper-Tape Reader

Keyboard

All the required polling characters must be manually
keyed and EOT @ must be keyed before each station

The polling characters for all stations to be polled on acommunications line are punched into an endless tapeloop: @ AB,
B6,
C6, etc. (When preparing

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End of Transaction (EOT)@End of Address (EOA)<SJ

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3. After each complete cycle of the polling list

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Figure 35.

General Line-Control Operation

this endless tape loop, a @ A6 is punched after thelast polling code, or a series of @) 's. Then the duplicate codes are overlapped, aligned, and joined withadhesive tape. Polling is continuous until manually interrupted.) The assignment switch for the reader withthe polling tape is set to SEND. It is preferable to place
the polling tape on the tape reader assigned to thereader-I position, because this reader is automaticallyrecognized when the reset key is pressed.

To start the reader, press the line-reader-start button. The first polling code ( @ A6) is read, and thereader stops immediately after reading the component
select character (6). The master station automaticallyswitches to a receive mode and awaits a polling response. If a negative response is received, the polling
reader automatically restarts and reads the next pollingcode. Any character or code other than @, including67

@ is interpreted as a negative response. If a positive
response (EOA @),is received:
I. Any recognized master station printer with its assignment switch set to REC or SEND-REC and in aready status will print the transmitted text; and2. Any recognized master station punch with its assignment switch set to REC and in a ready status will
punch the transmitted text.
When an EOT @is received, the normal EOT functions occur (the selected receive components are deselected) and the polling reader automatically restarts
and polls the next station. If no polling response isreceived, the polling reader will automatically restartat the end of a two-second time-out. If the receptionof text i3 interrupted for more than 20 seconds (minimum), a time-out occurs and the master station datacheck light is turned on. This action interrupts theautomatic polling operation. To restart it, press thedata-check buttoa (turning out the data-check light)
and the line-reader-start button.
When the master station receives a message in error,
the data-check light is turned on and the negative
answer turns on the data-check light at the transmitting station. The resend light at the transmitting station
is turned on by the transmission of the EOB @ code.
If the line-correction special feature is installed, thetransmitting station will make three attempts to transmit the message correctly. To restart polling after thethird incorrect attempt, press the data-check button at
the master station to turn off the data-check light andpress the line-reader-start button. The reader does
not start until after the 20 second time-out period (beginning with the final negative LRC answer). This isalso true after the first negative LRC answer if the line
correction special feature is not installed.
Card Reader

All polling characters are punched into a card. An 80column card has the capacity for 26 polling addresses.
Position the assignment switch for the card reader to
SEND. If the card reader is assigned to the Reader 2position, the reader must be selected prior to pressing
the line-reader-start button.
To eliminate the recognition operation, the card
reader must be assigned to the Reader 1 position, because this reader is automatically recognized by thereset operation. All further operations and procedures
are identical to the paper tape polling operation.
Normally the card in the card reader is ejected to thestacker after an EOT @is sensed. However, when operating as a master station, the card reader will stop
automatically after each polling address. This means
681050 Detailed Informationthat when the master station is polling, an automaticejection will not occur upon sensing an EOT ©·The
EOB (B) code may be punched in the column followingthe last polling character if further card sensing
is not desired.
The terminals being polled are either in a control ora non-selected text mode at this time; therefore an
LRC answer will not be received at the master stationand the card reader will not advance. With the Hnecorrection special feature installed, the card remains
in the card path after the EOB is read. Pressing thecard-reader eject button will eject the card to thestacker. Automatic ejection of the card is accomplishedby installing the card-reader program special featureand punching a hole in the 9-track (EJECT) of the program tape in the column following the last pollingcharacter.
If the line-correction special feature is not installed,
the card is ejected to the stacker when an EOB @code is sensed. In either case, the polling card must be
manually removed from the stacker and reinserted in
the card hopper to continue polling. The resend lightturns on when a G) code is sensed and it must be
turned off by pressing the resend button before thereader can be restarted by pressing the line-readerstart button.
Note: When preparing cards in a 1057/1058 to be used in acard reader for either polling or addressing, they must be
punched when the 1057/1058 Autopunch/Keypunch switch
is set to KEYPUNCH.

Printer

The # 1 printer (the printer cable-connected to the # 1
printer position in the 1051) prints all polling responses
and terminal addresses, when its assignment switch is
set to the SEND-REC position. With this switch set to the
SEND position, only addresses print. When set to the
RECEIVE position, only responses print.
The #2 printer at this terminal prints neither the addresses nor responses when its assignment switch is set
to the RECEIVE position. When this switch is set to either
SEND or SEND-REC, terminal addresses print (only).
Component recognition for the printers occurs automatically without the use of prefix-I or prefix-2 codes
only when the terminal is a master station and is operating in the control mode. Printers are deselectedby polling responses. A remote terminal must transmit
component-recognition codes to the master station foreach receive component that is required for data reception. When a @ is transmitted by the master station, all receive components, previously recognized by
the remote terminal, are deselected. Monitor printers,
located at any terminal (master station or otherwise)
do not have to be recognized to record transmitted
data.

Addressing

The methods used by the master station when addressing other 1050 stations are:Keyboard

As with polling, all addressing characters must be manually keyed. Group and broadcast addressing, as wellas individual station addressing, is possible.
Note: If all the receiving units in a group of terminals are
not printers or card punches, care must be exercised to insurethat the answering terminal does not transmit the EOB answer
until all receive units in the group are ready to receive.

A master station printer must have its assignment
switch set to SEND-REC to provide line monitoring forrecording all station addresses, responses and LRC(negative) answers. A response to addressing must occur within two seconds. If no response is received, or if
the response is negative, the data-check light is turned
on. Keyboard addressing can continue after the twosecond interval by turning the data check light off.
When a positive response is received within this interval, the keyboard is unlocked and text can then be
keyed, starting with the EOA
code.
Any character other than a period (positive response), including a @) is interpreted as a negative
response. Once a station has been addressed, the master station is in a receive mode and the keyboard islocked. The keyboard remains locked until the masterstation receives a response to addressing or a twosecond time-out occurs. The EOB at the end of a message locks the keyboard and turns on the resend lightawaiting the LRC answer.
If the receiving station fails to transmit an LRC answer, the master-station resend light stays on. The
operator must press the resend button to turn off thelight and unlock the keyboard. If a negative LRC answer is received by the master station, the resend lightstays on, and the data-check light is turned on at themaster station. To turn these lights off, press the associated button for each light. The message can now be
keyed again, or another station can be addressed.

®

Note: It is unnecessary for the master station to transmit an
EOT @ at the completion of a message because this is usedat the start of each polling or addressing operation. However,to turn off the motors at a down-line station that has been receiving in the unattended mode, an EOT is required.

Paper-Tape Reader

The station address and the associated text are punchedin a tape which is then placed on the tape reader in the
Reader I position. This eliminates the need for manual recognition of the reader because pressing the reset
button automatically recognizes Reader I. The reader

is started by pressing the line-reader-start button. The
reader automatically stops after transmitting the station address (@ A4) and prior to transmitting thetext.
The master station reader is restarted by the reception of a positive response. The text is now transmitted,
starting with an EOA @. Each addressing operation
requires a separate tape containing the station address
and associated text for that operation. If a negative response is received or no response is received within
two seconds, the addressing tape is removed from thereader and another tape is inserted, if desired.
If the line-correction special feature is installed, themaster station attempts to transmit the message threetimes. After the third unsuccessful attempt, the masterstation tape reader stops, and the resend and datacheck lights are on. The operator must then change
tapes in the reader and press the resend and data-checkbuttons to turn off the associated lights, depending on
the particular system operating procedure used. Pressthe line-reader-start button to restart the reader. If themaster station does not receive an LRC answer, themessage is retransmitted by manually repositioning thetape, pressing the resend button to turn off the lightand pressing the line - reader-start button.
Note: )l is unnecessary for the master station to transmit an
EOT ~ at the completion of a message because this is usedat the start of each polling or addressing operation. However,to turn off the motors at a down-line station that has been receiving in the unattended mode, an EOT is required.

Card Reader

Basically, an addressing operation using the card
reader is identical to that performed by the tapereader; both the address and message should be in thecard. The same conditions for reader selection exist
here as for the tape reader.
When a system has the line-correction special feature installed, the card will be read three times. If the
final attempt is unsuccessful, manually stack the cardby pressing the eject button.
If the line-correction special feature is not installed,
the card will be automatically stacked when the EOB
code is read. (This code is punched in the column following the last text column or is automatically generated by the trailing edge of the card.) If further transmission attempts are desired, the operator must put thecard in the hopper, press the resend and data-checkbuttons to turn off their associated lights, and press theline - reader-start button.
Because the text of any message may require several
cards, consider the cards comprising the station address and the complete text, as one unit. When a nega69

tive LRC answer is received, retransmit this complete
unit.
Note: ~ is unnecessary for the master station to transmit an
EOT c at the completion of a message because this is usedat the s art of each polling or addressing operation. However, toturn off the motors at a down-line station that has been receiving in the unattended mode, an EOT is required.

Printer

The #I printer (the printer cable-connected to the #I
printer position in the 105I) prints all addressing responses and terminal addresses, when its assignment
switch is set to the SEND-REC position. With this switch
set to the SEND position, addresses only print. Whenset to the RECEIVE position, only responses print.
The #2 printer at this terminal prints neither the addresses nor responses when its assignment switch is set
to the RECEIVE position. When this switch is set to either
SEND or SEND-REC, terminal addresses print.
Component recognition for the printers without theuse of Prefix-I or Prefix-2 codes occurs automaticallywithout the use of Prefix-I or Prefix-2 codes only when
the terminal is a master station and is operating in thecontrol mode~ Printers are deselected by addressing
responses. A remote terminal must transmit component recognition codes to the master station for each
receive component that is required for data reception.
When a @ is transmitted by the master station, allreceive components, previously recognized by the remote terminal, are deselected. Monitor printen:, located at any terminal (master station or otherwise) do
not have to be recognized, to record transmitted data.

Single-Cycle Operation
Single-cycle or single-step reading (one character or
one card column) at a time is performed by setting thesingle-cycle switch to the appropriate home or line position. This position must correspond with the assignment switch setting for the selected reader. Press thehome or line-reader-start button. As the reader-start
button is released, the selected reader reads one character or card column and stops. This operation conthmes until the single-cycle switch is set to its OFF
position. When the single-cycle switch is off, normal
reading occurs, when the appropriate reader-start button is pressed.
The reader-stop switch should always be used to stop
the reader prior to setting the single-cycle switch tothe proper position.
The following procedure illustrates the proper singlecycling technique. A single-character error is discovered in a paper-tape prepared during home loop oper70

1050 Detailed Information

ation. The character in error is in the second printed
line of data and is the middle of the line. The presentcharacter is a numeric six; it should be an eight. A newtape containing the proper character is to be punched.
The proper procedure for this operation is:
1. Turn the power on.
2. Set Printer I (assignment switch) to HOME.
3. Set Reader I (assignment switch) to HOME.
4. Set Punch I (assignment switch) to HOME.
5. Insert the incorrect tape in Tape Reader 1 andalign for reading the first character.
6. Prepare the tape-leader in the tape punch by pressing the feed key.
7. Set the system switch to PROG.
8. Press the reset button.
9. Key the proper component-recognition codes (homecomponent recognition installed) - Prefix and 1(Printer 1 ON).
Prefix and 3 (Tape Punch 1 ON)
10. Set system switch to DUP.
11. Press the home-reader-start button.
I2. Visually follow the printed line of data until the
carrier executes its return for printing the second
line, thenI3. Operate the reader-stop switch to HOME (this willstop all reading, printing and punching).
14. Set the single-cycle switch to HOME (all home-loop
reading, printing and punching is now on a single··
cycle basis).
I5. Consecutively, press and release the home-readers tart button until the last correct character, prior to
the error character, is printed.
16. Key in the correct character (8) at this point.
I7. Advance the tape in the tape reader, one character
position, by operating the tape advance wheel.
This will prevent the error character from beingread.
I8. Set the single-cycle switch OFF.
19. Press the home-reader-start button. Normal reading, printing, and punching will now resume.
The correction procedure for either adding or eliminating characters is the same as previously described,
except for step I 7. If characters are to be added, notape advance is required after the additional characters are keyed after step 16. If characters are to beeliminated, the tape is advanced over the characters tobe eliminated after completing step 16. No additional
keying occurs.
Single-cycling for line-loop operations is accomplished in a manner similar to home-loop. The majordifference is that the swiitch settings are made to accommodate the line-loop operation and the linereader-start button is used. Because single-cycle operation reduces throughput, corrections should bemade in home loop to reduce line time wheneverpossible.

Correctfon Procedures
Both home-loop and line-loop correction proceduresare based on the use of only one reader and one punch
for any particular application.
Correction Procedure for Home-Loop Ope·ration

The CORRECT button (home-correction special feature)provides an automatic tape-error-correction procedurewhen tape is being punched. If data from a reader isinterspersed with keyed data in the output record,pressing this button causes the reader to automaticallyreread. When the CORRECT button is pressed:

1. The tape advances one additional column and ahole is punched in the 8th track of the tape.
2. The tape punch feeds in the reverse direction until
the previous 8th track punch is sensed (a CR/LF
code is also punched in this tape column).
Note: With the home or line correction special feature, apunch is placed in the 8th track when a carrier return andline feed occurs.

3. Starting with the CR/LF code, the tape punch advances over the error item, punching delete codes
over the entire error record. (If the card punch isused, the error card is ejected and a new card is registered at the punch station.)
4. When the tape punch completes deleting the error
record in the tape,a. the card reader automatically recycles and thecard is reread (if neither an EOB code nor thelast card column has been read), orb. the tape reader will automatically backspace tothe previous 8th track punch and then reread thetape.
Note: If home-component-recognition is installed, andthe system is operating in the DUP mode, the readers andpunches that are in use must first have been selected in
the program mode using the component-recognition
codes.

The tape punch identifies the start of each new lineby the presence of a CR/LF code. The punching of thiscode-into tape is initiated by either reading or keyingof the CR/LF code. Therefore, column one of each document to be transmitted should contain this code. This

technique provides a carriage return and line feed
operation for each new line and ensures the correct
positioning of the print element for each corrected line.
If the data line to be corrected contains data transmitted from two readers, the CORRECT button should
not be used. Because operating the CORRECT button willcontrol only the reader operating at that specific time,
only a portion of the line in error will be retransmitted.
In all cases where a data line contains informationtransmitted from two readers, the manual correction
procedure is:

1. Reposition both readers to the end of the last correctly transmitted line. For a card reader, press theeject button and place the ejected card in the hopper as the first card to be read.
2. Reposition the punched paper tape to the start ofthe line in error. This is identified by the last 8th
track punch.
3. Delete the entire error line punched in the paper
tape. This is accomplished by simultaneously pressing and holding down both the feed and delete buttons (on either the 1052 or 1055).
4. Restart by keying the prefix and component-recognition code for the reader containing the initial data
for this retransmitted line. (The home-componentrecognition special feature must be installed; otherwise control is exercised by only the component assignment switch.)
5. Operate the home-reader-start button.
Note: Exercise care to insure that the correct button ispressed after the last keystroke, not with this keystroke.
Correction Procedure for Line-Loop Operation

When transmitting to the line from a card reader andan EOB code is sensed, the card moves to column 81,
and waits for an LRC answer. If the answer is positive,
the card is ejected to the stacker.
When the answer is negative, the card is recirculated
two additional times, if necessary. After the third attempt, the card must be manually ejected by pressing
the eject button, 1056.( Otherwise a positive response
is transmitted when the reader is again polled, if the
resend button has been pressed. However, the reader
will not start because it is still awaiting an LRC answer.) Then remove the error card from the stacker;
correct it, if necessary, and replace in the hopper infront of cards not yet processed.
If a 1057/1058 card punch is receiving data, the cardis punched and skips to column 81 upon receiving an
EOB code. If the LRC compare is negative, the card isejected and a new card is fed into the punch station.
The 1051 then transmits the LRC answer to the sending system.
71

If the LRC compare is positive, an 11-punch isplaced in column 81 and the card is ejected. This punch
is not read by a card reader. This operation is the samewith or without the line-correction special feature.
After the entire transmission is complete, the punchedcards can be visually checked, or needled to remove
error-cards.
If a 1055 tape punch is the receiving unit, a negative
LRC compare causes a punch in track eight. The tapereverse-feeds until the last CR/LF code (with its 8thtrack punch) is sensed. The tape then feeds in theforward direction, punching delete codes over the previously punched information, including the last CR/LF
code. vVhen the deletion process is completed, a negative LRC answer is transmitted to the sending system.
A positive LRC answer is not punched.
If two paper-tape punches or a paper-tape punch
and a card punch are assigned to the line to receive,the line-correction feature is not effective. However,two card punches operate properly when used in suchsituations.
When a 1052 or 1053 printer is receiving, a negative
LRC compare prints a hyphen and the LRC answer istransmitted to the sending system. If line correction is
installed, the sending.reader retransmits the line (card),
causing the printer to execute a carriage return andline feed and print the line again, up to a total of threetimes, if necessary. A positive LRC answer does notprint. This operation is identical with or without theline-correction special feature.
When a 1054 tape reader is the sending unit, a negative LRC answer causes the reader to reverse-feed
until the 8th-track punch of the last CR/LF code issensed. It then automatically feeds forward and retransmits the message two more times if necessary.

72

1050 Detailed Information

After the third negative answer, the reader does notreverse-feed. To retransmit, the tape must be manually
repositioned (with tape-advance wheel) and the indicator lights extinguished. The reader can then be repolled. Without the line-correction special feature, thereader does not reverse-feed and operator intervention
is required.

Correction Procedure for On-Line Keying

Any error detected during the line-loop keying of inquiry or data messages and prior to the EOB for thatspecific line can be cancelled. The procedure for cancelling this error is:
I. Press the cancel key (0), while holding down thealternate-coding key.
2. Release the cancel key, and while still holding down
the alternate-coding key, press the EOB key (5).
3. Release both keys.
The operation of the cancel key signals the receiving
station that the message is in error. The receiving station then replies with a negative answer to the EOB,
LRC. This condition turns on the data-check and resend lights at the transmitting terminal when the answer is received. Also, either a hyphen or underscorecharacter (depending on the shift status) will print at
the transmitting terminal printer. This character indicates that the processor recognized and accomplishedthe cancellation operation. If the receiving station isanother 1050 system, normal correction procedures prevail. The data-check and resend lights are then to beturned off by pressing their associated buttons. The
message is then rekeyed correctly.

Appendix

This section includes detailed information that does
not readily :fit into the principles of operation or special
techniques sections. The items included are:
• Glossary of Terms• Data Set Operating Procedure• 1052/1053 Printer Maintenance• Specifications for 1050 Recording Media• 1050 Planning Chart and Operator Instruction Sheet• 1050 Timing Considerations• 1050 Character Set Information• Summary of Two-Character Function Codes (Prefix
and Alphabetic Character)LINE LooP: An operation over a communication line
between input units at one terminal and output units
at a remote terminal. This operation uses the line
data channel in the 1050 systems involved.
LRC TIME: The time required to send an EOB, and
LRC, and receive the answer.
MoDULATION: The conversion, at the data set, fromIBM 1050 System digital signals to audio signals fortransmission over communication lines.
MONITOR PRINTER: Any active printer at the sending
terminal which records the data transmitted fromthat terminal.
NETWORK: A number of interconnected terminals.

Glossary of Terms
ADDRESSING: The sending by a master station (or transmission control unit) of a code which specifies the
remote terminal and associated output component
which will receive the succeeding message.
ANSWER: The negative or positive answer to an LRC
compare.
ASSIGNED: A component of the 1050 system is assigned
when its assignment switch (on the 1052 switch panelor the switch unit) is positioned to the proper homeloop or line-loop setting.
CENTRALIZED HALF DUPLEX: A network of half-duplex
terminals operating on full duplex communicationlines. All terminals are centrally controlled with alltransmissions passing through the controlling or central unit.
DATA SET: The term used when referring to the modulator-demodulator unit or equipment.
DEMODULATION: The conversion, at the data set, fromaudio signals off the communication lines to digital
signals for the IBM 1050 System.
DEsERIALIZE: The conversion at the 1051 (in the receive terminal) from a serial-by-bit, serial-by-character form, to a parallel-by-bit, serial-by-characterform.
HALF DuPLEX: A two-wire communications channel
capable of either transmitting or receiving, but inonly one direction at a time.
HoME Loop: An operation involving only those input
and output units associated with the local terminal.
This operation uses the home data channel in the1050 system.

OFF LINE: Not associated with a processor or transmission control unit.
ON LINE: Associated with a processor either directlyor through a transmission control unit. The physicalconnection can be accomplished by either multiwire
cable or a communication line.
POLLING: The sending by a master station (or transmission control unit) of a code which requests a particular remote terminal and associated input component to transmit any message ready to be sent.
RECOGNIZED: A component of the 1050 system is recognized when its specific component recognition code
is detected on the proper data channel (home orline). This provides the component for the sending or
receiving of a message. Generation of this code isaccomplished by either keying or reading the codein the proper loop operation. This code is effective
when the system(s) involved contain the propercomponent-recognition features (line or home).
REMOTE TERMINAL: Any terminal in a communications
network other than the terminal at which you are
physically located.
RESPONSE: The negative, positive, or no response at all
to a component select character (addressing or
polling).
SERIALIZE: The conversion, at the 1051 (in the transmit
terminal) from a parallel-by-bit, serial-by-character
form, to a serial-by-bit, serial-by-character form.
TIME-OUT: The time interval allotted for functional
operations to occur.
TURN-AROUND TIME: The time required to reverse thedirection of transmission when using a half-duplex
communication channel.
73

Data Sets
The IBM 1050 Data Communications System can operate over transmission facilities using the following
commercially available data sets or their equivalent:Western Electric Data Set 103A: For use in point-topoint dial-up connections.
Western Electric Data Set 103F: For use in multipoint or point-to-point leased line connections.
Western Union Data Sets: For use in multipoint orpoint-to-point leased line connections.
IBM Line Adapter: For use in multipoint or point-topoint privately owned line connections. The IBM
Line Adapter and the Telegraph Line Attachment
are each special features installed within the IBM
1051.
Western Electric Data Set 103F

After a text transmission time-out occurs, the line connection is automatically de-activated. This causes aninvalid pulse to be transmitted to the controlling station; in turn, the transmission control unit, or the master station timer will reset and time-out. This condition
occurs once before controlling station reverts to pollingor addressing operations.
Western Union Data Sets

In a network using this type of data set, group addressing and broadcast addressing can be accomplished.
103A Dial-up Data Set Procedures

The dial-up data set is used to connect two IBM 1050
terminals for point-to-point operation on either:
1. voice-grade common-carrier telephone channels at
200 bps, or
2. narrow-band common-carrier channel (TWX) at 150
bps. Each 1050 terminal is attached to the communication channel by means of a data set.
Voice-Grade (200 bps) Telephone ProcedureTo establish a connection for the transmission of data:
1. Lift the handset at the sending terminal and press
the TALK button to establish a dial-tone.
2. Manually dial the receiving terminal number. The
ringing at the receiving terminal is heard on the line.
3. Lift the handset and press the TALK button at thereceiving terminal to establish voice communication.
Note: For proper operation the phone at the receiving
terminal should complete at least one ring before the handset
is lifted.
741050 Detailed Information

4. Switch to the data mode of operation by pressing
the DATA button at the receiving terminal first. This
causes a tone signal to be heard at the sending terminal and the DATA button can now be pressed at
this terminal. The handsets at each terminal are now
replaced and the data mode connection between
terminals is maintained.
5. Press the reset key at each 1050 station to reset bothsending and receiving stations prior to startingtransmission of data.
6. To disconnect from the communication line at theend of the message, first transmit an EOT code toprevent a data check condition; then operate the
System, Dial Disc switch on each 1050 system.

Voice-Grade (200 bps) Telephone Procedure,with Automatic Answering - Optional

The 103A data set provides, optionally, an automatic
answer feature which operates in conjunction with the
AUTO button on the data set. When this button is active(self-locking in the active position) the terminal is automatically connected to the communication line j[n response to any call from another terminal.
When automatic answer occurs at the receiving terminal, a tone signal is immediately returned to thesending terminal. Pressing the DATA button at the sending terminal establishes a data mode of operation between terminals. This feature must be requested by
the user from the common-carrier prior to installationof the data set.
Narrow-Band (1 SO bps) Dial Procedure for use with TWX

The data set used with TWX has no voice transmission
capabilities. All stations have the automatic answer
feature. To establish a connection between two 1050
terminals on the TWX network:
1. Press the DIAL button to establish a dial-tone.
2. Manually dial the receiving terminal number. The
remote terminal ringing will be momentarily heard
through a speaker located in the handset.
3. When connection is established (the receiv'ing station answers), a tone is automatically sent to thesending terminal and the DATA button must bepressed to place this terminal in the data mode.
4. The operator at each 1050 station presses the reset
key prior to starting transmission of data.
5. To disconnect from the communication line at theend of the message, first transmit an EOT code toprevent a data check condition; then operate the
System, Dial Disc switch on each 1050 system.

Automatic Disconnect FeatureWith the 103A type data set, this optional feature automatically disconnects both terminals from the communications line when the System, Dial Disc switch ateither 1050 terminal is operated. This feature is designed to permit the disconnect operation for both stations to be manually initiated at either terminal. Thisfeature must be requested from the common-carrier
prior to installation of the data set.
Note: To be effective, this feature requires that both data sets
have the "initiate Disconnect" and the "Respond to Disconnect
Option."2. Turn the mainline switch off.
3. Raise the top cover.
4. Press the spring levers (on top of print element, see
Figure 36).
5. Lift the print element off the element post.
6. Press the spring levers (of the replacement print element) together firmly and place on the element post.
The arrow on the print element must point toward
the platen.
7. Release the spring levers. They will click when inproper position. The print element is now locked inposition for printing.
Ribbon Replacement

General Maintenance for the Printer(Figures 21 and 36)

The IBM SELECTRIC Ribbon Cartridge permits quick,clean ribbon changing in a matter of seconds. To remove and replace a ribbon:

Print Element Replacement

1. Turn mainline switch on and tab or space the carrier to the center of the line.
2. Turn the mainline switch off, lift the top cover, andtilt the hinged switch panel toward the operator
slightly.
3. Move the ribbon change lever to the extreme rightto raise the ribbon guide.

The removal and replacement of a printing element
requires only seconds. To accomplish this:
1. ChC:ck the printer to ensure that it is in lower-caseshif ~. When in lower-case shift, the arrow on theprint element points toward the platen. If in upper
case shift, press the shift key.

Figure 36.

1052 and 1053 Printing Mechanism75

4. Lift the ribbon cartridge straight up and ease theribbon out of the slots in the ribbon guide.

Specifications for 1050 Recording Media

5. Rewind the excess ribbon by inserting a wooden
pencil in either of the cartridge holes and turn inthe direction of the arrow.

1052/1053 Document Printing Recommendations

6. Position the new cartridge with the exposed ribbon
facing the platen.
7. Slide the ribbon through the slots in the ribbon
guide.
8. Position the cartridge on the cartridge posts andpress into place.
9. To rewind excess ribbon, turn either cartridge postin the direction of the arrow.
10. Move the ribbon change lever to its extreme left
position. This lowers the ribbon guide into proper
typing position.

Platen Removal

To remove the platen for changing or cleaning,

Continuous Card-Stock Forms

Consistently high-quality printing is possible on all of
the form area except for the area directly adjacentto the top and bottom edges (12-11 punching area andthe 8-9 punching area). These areas are subject to somevariation in print quality due to a tendency of thecard to leave the platen as the card edge meets theprinting line. The use of continuous forms with binder
strips between the cards helps to alleviate this condition.
Single Card-Stock Forms

The single-card form is subject to the same printing
variation along the top and bottom edges as thecontinuous-card forms. Otherwise, consistently highquality printing is possible on the remainder of thecard.

1. Turn the main-line switch off.

2. Lift the top cover.3. Move the paper release lever and the paper bail toward the operator.
4. Press the platen latches at both ends of the platen
assembly (see Figure 21) and lift the platen out.

Multiple-Copy Forms

When this type of form is used, the best form-feeding
results are obtained when the sheets are either stapled
or glued together. Multiple-copy forms that are
crimped together are not as satisfactory. The directionof the forms paper-grain should be parallel to the printline. Maximum forms weight should not exceed 12 lbs.
paper.

Platen Replacement

1. Position the ratchet teeth to the right.
2. Center the end plate in the groove in the right endof the platen shaft. Press the platen into position,and check for a click when it locks.

Cleaning the Print-Element

Two specially designed brushes are available from IBM
for cleaning the IBM 1052 and 1053 Printers. They are:the dual-purpose brush, and the print element brush.
To clean the print element:
1. With the mainline switch on, set the print-element
carrier in lower case.

Roll Paper Specifications

Maximum width: 15"
Maximum outside diameter: 5-W'
Minimum diameter of center hole: %"Specifications for Paper•Tape andEdge-Punch Documents

The 1050 system is capable of using paper tape, Mylar*
laminated paper tape, Mylar coated aluminum tape,and edge-punched documents. These specifications
apply to all of these document types.
Width:

2. Turn the mainline switch off.
3. Remove the print element.
4. Clip the print element to the end of the dual-purpose brush.
5. Brush away from you and toward the top of theprint element, using the element brush.
76

1050 Detailed Information

Length:Thickness:

Tape l" (± .003")
Document, 12" Maximum, 2" Minimum(Width cannot exceed length)
Single Document, 4" to 16" (feeding edge, inincrements of .100 inch)
Paper, .004" (± .0003")
Mylar, .003" (± .0003")
Document, .004" to .010"(including folds)*Trademark of E. I. duPont deNemours Company

Standard hole size and spacing is required for allcode and feed-hole punching in both tape and documents. The length of continuously-fed fanfold documents must be evenly divisible by .100 inch for proper
registration. The first feed hole must be .050 inch fromthe leading edge of the document. Documents greaterthan 8 inches long cannot be punched within .6 inch of
the leading and/ or trailing edges (leading edge of firstI
and trailing edge of last with ·continuously-fed fanfold
documents). The direction of feed for all documents
must be identified by printing, corner cut (on corneraway from punching), or some other identification.
Tape Splicing

The general rules to follow when splicing tape are:
I. All splicing should be done in non-data portions of
the tape whenever possible.
2. Either a butt-joint or lap-joint type splice is acceptable. However, the thickness at the splice must notexceed .010". Any splicing material used for a buttjoint splice must be flexible and should be attachedto the top of the tape.
3. Width of the splice must not exceed the width of thetape.
4. No staples or other types of fasteners can be used
for splicing. Also, any excess glue on the surface ofthe tape must be completely removed.
5. When lapping punched tape columns, more than
one punched column should be lapped.

1050 Planning and Operator
Instruction Charts
Two charts are provided in pad form to assist in bothplanning and performing an application on the IBl\I1050 Data Communications System:
1. Application Planning Chart, and the
2. Operator Instruction Sheet.

3. Setup Instructions
4. Operating Instructions
5. Programming (reverse side).

1052 Switch Panel: The position of each switch on
this panel should be indicated for the specific application. If it is necessary to change a switch positionindicate this in the operating instructions area. Several switches have two names assigned to the lower
position of the switch. The actual assigned name depends on the model of control unit (1051) used withthe system.
Margins and Tab Stops: This area is scaled to actual
size. Therefore, for accurate positioning it is only
necessary to place the printed form just below thisarea and mark the exact margins and tap stops
desired.
Setup Instructions: Each unit has a specific area where
details pertaining to job setup can be listed. This
area should include such information as:
1. Type of forms,
2. Master tape name,
3. Cards to use,
4. Keyboard shift status, etc.

Operating Instructions: This area should be used toprovide the operator with a step-by-step procedure
for the job. If necessary, additional sheets can beused to expand this area. This documentation should
remain as a part of the application planning chart
to provide for permanent documentation.
Programming Chart: This area occupies the entire
back of the pad and provides for both input andoutput. A detailed description of the entire program
should be developed in this area. The entire program(input and output) can be written, on a column-bycolumn basis with additional sheets used whenneeded. Several of the areas are multiple-purpose
areas (example, 1057/1058 program and output
cards) and can be assigned as desired.
Operator Instruction Sheet (Form X24-3139)

Application Planning Chart (Form X24-3124)

This chart is designed to permit complete permanenttype documentation of an application (Figures 37 and
38). When completed, this chart (or charts, if necessary) should become part of the user's application reference file. Thus, a total record of an application is easily accessible within the installation at all times. The
specific areas provided on this chart are:
1. 1052 Switch Panel
2. Margins and Tab Stops

This sheet (Figure 39) is designed to provide information which will assist the operator in processing a
specific job. This sheet, when completed, should become a part of each operator's operating procedures
notebook (located with the system). The information
contained on this sheet is a duplicate of the information contained on the front of the Application Planning
Chart. However, if this sheet(s) is lost or damaged, it
can be replaced by obtaining the necessary informationfrom the planning chart located in the permanent document file (see Application Planning Chart).
77

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801050 Operator Instruction Sheet

1050 Detailed Information

1050 Timing Considerations
To compute the data handling capacity of the IBM
1050 system, certain basic timings are first necessary.
The following basic timings, listed by machine, areaverage timings based on the wide variety of system
configurations and applications.
The 1050 system has a speed of 14.8 cps (charactersper-second). Therefore, the basic character time is 67.5
ms per character. Each character consists of a start bit,
1-6 data bits, a check bit (for odd parity), and a stop
bit (Figure 40).
1051 Control Unit

Bit (Mark)A

B*

4

2

------67.5 ms----*S Indicates no 8- bit

Figure 40.

Bit Configuration of a "G" Character (Serialized)

7. Unattended operation requires a delay time for polling or addressing to bring the motors (for the selected components) up to speed: 2.3 seconds.
1052-1053 Printers+

1. a. System Speed: 14.8 cps or (9 X 14.8) 133.2 bps(bits per second).
b. Minimum 1051 bit rate for communication line:
134.89 bps.
c. Character time: 67 .5 ms* per character.
*(ms= milliseconds: 1000 ms= 1 second)

1. Carrier return and line feed: (1.5 T) X 67.5
Does not include 67.5 ms for CR/LF code which
initiates the function.

2. Delay time after turning the main-line switch on
until ready to receive or transmit: 1 second.

2. Horizontal tab: (.75
1.1 T) X 67.5
Does not include 67.5 ms for HT code which initiates the function.

3. Addressing time (single component):(5 X 67.5)
250
12 = 599.5 ms.

+

+

+

Note: This includes response time. For unattended operation, see item 7.
(5 X 67.5 ms) = five character times (EOT, station identification, component identification, response, and EOA).
250 ms ±50 = delay before transmission of response andturn-around time.
12 ms = turn-around time for master to go from receive
mode to transmit mode.

4. Addressing time (multiple components):[(5 x 67.5) + 250 + 12] + [N - 1] [(3 x 67.5) + 70]
Note: This includes response time. For unattended operation, see item 7.
250 ms ±50 = delay before transmission of first response andturn-around time
12 ms= turn-around time for master to go from receive
mode to transmit modeN - 1 = number of additional components, where N is thenumber of components(3 X 67.5 ms) =three character times
70 ms= delay before transmission of additional responses.

5. Polling time for an individual terminal:(4 X 67.5)
250 = 520 ms+

Note: For unattended operation, see item 7.
(4 X 67 .5 ms) = four character times
250 ms ± 50 = delay before transmission of response, andturn-around time.

6. LRC time: (3 X 67.5)+ 70 = 272.5 ms

Note: This includes EOB, LRC, and the answer.
70 ms= delay before transmission of answer.

To determine the number of fill characters required
for a specific situation:a. Compute the time in ms by using the previous
formula.
b. Divide this time figure by 67.5.
c. Round the result to the next whole number.
Note: When transmitting from an IBM 1448 to an IBM 1050
System the fixed time-out special feature (in the IBM 1448)
provides for a fixed delay of 1.225 seconds for each of thesefunctions:
Carrier return and line feedLine Feed
Tab

3. Line feed: {2 X 67.5) = 135 ms

4. Keyboard speed: This varies with the operator's
keying speed, with a maximum of 14.8 cps. (Themaximum speed with the telegraph line attachment
special feature installed is 8.3 cps.)1054 Paper-Tape Reader

1. Positioning tape for re-read: 67.5C
Note: This time does not include LRC time or re-read time.
C = The number of characters in the tape message.

81

1055 Paper-Tape Punch

1. Automatic deletion of a tape message using the linecorrection special feature: (2 X 67.5) + 67.5 (2D)
Note: Add the LRC time to complete the operation. The
negative answer is not sent until the tape has been deleted.
D =Number of characters to be deleted (including EOB
and CR/LF).

1056 Card Reader

1. Card skip: 14.8 cps

2. Card eject: 60 cps
3. To calculate throughput (system interlocks not included): a+ b + c + da. Reading time: 67.5R
R =Number of characters read from card and/or program tape.

b. Feeding time (register):
954 ms for 22-column cards
708 ms for 51-column cards
462 ms for 80-columns cardsc. Card ejection time: 16.7 (S - L + 1)
16.7 ms= eject speed per card column at 60 cps
S =size card (80, 51, 22)
L =last column read.
I =time required to initiate feeding of next card (Column 81).

Note: With the line-correction special feature:
If the computed time is ~ (less than or equal to) 205
ms, use 205 ms.
If the computed time is > (greater than) 205 ms, use thecalculated figure.
Without the line correction special feature:
Use the calculated time.
205 ms= LRC + answer+ 70 ms.

d. If the card-reader-program special feature isused, and skipping occurs under program control,
the rate is 67.5. (This is because each tape column
must be read as skipping occurs.)
4. Card re-circulate to column 1:
80-column card= 1400 ms
51-column card= 1900 ms
22-column card = 2400 ms
1057/1058 Card Punch

1. Feeding and registering: 330 ms

2. Punching:a. 1057/1058 from the 1051-14.8 cps
821050 Detailed Informationb. 1057 independent-20 cps (maximum)
1058 independent-18 cps (maximum)
3. Duplicating:a. 1057-20 cps (50 ms/col)1058-18 cps (55 ms/ col)b. When duplication is started under program control:
1057: 75 + 50n
1058: 75 + 55n
75 ms = start timen = number of columns duplicated.

c. When duplication is started under 1051 control:
1057: 165 + 50n
1058: 165 + 55n
165 ms = start time.

4. Skipping or Releasing: 80 cps
85+12.5n
85 ms = start time
12.5 ms= one character-time at 80 cps
n = number of columns skipped or released.

1050 Systems Time-Outs

Interruption of text transmission: 9-18 seconds.
Master station, addressing or polling response: 2 seconds.
Master station text interrupted: 19-37 seconds.
Terminals with line control operative have a transmit time-out of 9-18 seconds. If a character or code is
not transmitted within this period, the terminal reverts
to a receive mode. The terminal cannot transmit again
until it is polled. There is no receive time-out.
The master station has a receive time-out of 19-37
seconds but no transmit time-out. If text is not received within this receive time-out period, the polling
reader must be manually restarted.
Terminals with line control inoperative have both atransmit and receive time-out of 9-18 seconds. Following a transmit time out, the terminal reverts to receive
mode. It can return to transmit mode by keying or
starting a reader providing a remote terminal has notstarted to transmit. Keyboards and readers are locked
while a terminal is receiving data. When terminals receive an answer to an EOB, the transmit time-out does
not start until a character or code is sent. If transmitting from a keyboard, a character should be sent before
the receiving terminals or processor. time-out. Otherwise, a contention condition can exist.

IBM 1448 Transmission Control Unit Time-Outs1054 Paper-Tape Reader

Response to addressing: 2.3 seconds.

All 64 PTT codes/6 (Figure 44) are recognized andtransmitted to the assigned data channel.

Interrupted text or answer to LRC: 23 seconds.
Delay for carrier return and line feed, tab or line feed
(fixed time-out special feature): 1.125 seconds (average).
Response to polling: 680 ms.

1050 Character Set Information

1055 Paper-Tape Punch

63 PTT codes/6 are recognized and recorded. The delete character is exclud,ed. See Delete Code in this sec- r.·A\f·tion. (The eighth track is punched with the CR/LF 'code, with either the home, or line correction special
feature installed.) The EOT character is not punchedwhen received from the line data channel with line
control on.

r1051 Control Unit

The 64 characters of the PTT code/6 (Figure 44), canbe transferred to or received from both the home andthe line data channels.

1052/1053 Printers

The printer acts upon the following characters of the
PTT code/6:
1. The 44 printable characters in downshift:
10 numeric graphics
26 alphabetic graphics (upper or lower case, determined by print element)
8 special character graphics.
2. The 44 printable characters in upshift:
26 upper case alphabetic graphics
18 special character graphics (two graphics . and ,are also available in downshift).
3. The 7 characters for the functions of Space, LF,
CR/LF, Tab, Upshift, Downshift, and Backspace
are recognized in both the upshift and downshiftmode.

1056 Card Reader

The IBM punched-card code is read and translated into
the PTT code/6. The 17 function codes (space is included as a function) and 47 graphic characters arerecognized and properly translated. Upshift graphics
must be preceded by an upshift code. This permits theupshift graphics to be coded the same as their respective downshift graphics.
A blank column is read as a space and transmitted asa C-bit only.

1057 Card Punch

Card punching of function codes is determined by thewiring of the function panel. The maximum character
set for punching is 61 characters (with the operator
panel special feature installed, the idle code can also
be punched). The IDLE and DELETE (see Delete Code)characters are excluded from the character set. The
EOT character is not punched (nor does it initiate acard release) when received from the line data channel
with line control on. The use of the upshift card code
assignments requires the installation of the extended
character punching special feature. A space code (Chit only) is not punched but is indicated by a blankcolumn.

1052 Keyboard

A total of 59 of the 64 PTT codes/6 can be keyboard
generated. (The CANCEL code is an additional evenparity code.) Codes for PN, PF, MZ, PZ, and T= are excluded from the keyboard character sets (Figures 20,
41, 42 and 43) and are not used internally by the 1050.
The IDLE and DELETE characters are keyed to the HOME
data channel but never to the line data channel.

1058 Card Punch

The character set is the same as that for the 1057. However, only the 44 printable characters (see 1052/1053
Printers in this section, item 1) can be properly interpreted.
83

BYPASS RESTORE

EOA

EOB

EOT

PREFIXCANCEL

RDR
STOP

Ii~
~

Figure 41.

1052 Keyboard (A-Character Arrangement)nw
DJ OJ[[] OJ [D IT] GJ[]J []] [IJ ITJ~G0~06J~06JG0m +o
BYPASS RESTORE

AlTN

EOA

EOB

EOT

PREFIXCANCEL

RDR
STOP

BACK

CODING~~~~

EIJ0~00[~J0LJ0~ITJ~D
I lsHIFTI l00~0G00DDDJI ISHIFTI II
ISPACE BAR

Figure 42.

1052 Keyboard (H-Character Arrangement)

ALTN
CODINGRDR
STOP

nrn rnrnrnww rn GJwwu CJ ~~~~.
BYPASS RESTORE

EOA

EOB

EOT

PREFIXCANCEL~0000~1~08G~[[] 0
EIJ0~G0G0LJ0~DDD

CEIJ00~0G00DDDJl--ISH-IFTII

I

Figure 43.

84

SPACE BAR

1052 Keyboard (Typewriter Character Arrangement)

1050 Detailed Information

I

~;-i

~

PTT CODE/6
Tape Track

LOWER CASE

UPPER CASE

i--S-T_A_N_D_A_R_D~--C-HA_R_A_C_T_E_R---+--8-.--7-1..---6--.-1_5_1.--4~1-.--3--.1-2-J.--1·-+---C-H_A_R_A_CT_E_R---.---ST_A_N_D_A_R_D-.-E-X_T_E_N_D-EDCARD

SET

CODE

Std.

J Ll
A

H

Bit Value

Typ.

B

IAl cl 8l 4l2 l 1

SET
Std.

A

J

H

Typ.

CARD

CARD

CODE

CODE

l--c'-12~-~8~-3,.___-f----~--f':....qi~·~)_.,__--,--+---f--~B,______,Ac.!___ _ _~8----=2----'1-+-----_,_---,-----l--~12~-~8·~3~-+---'-1~2-~8~--1:,.-.__
11-8-3_( $ r
j 1B
C
8
2
1
I
:
11-8-311-8-20-8-3-:l ,:J:
A
C
8
2
1
,
0-8-3
0-8-1
8-3
#
I = l
8
2
l
I
"'*
8-3
0-8-7
8-4
.&.. l
I 1L2
A
~
.6.
~4
8-4
11-8-7
I

_{ U

12
11
0-1
1
2
3
4
5
6
7

l

II

I

+ j

B
B

A

<

C

+
-

12
12-8-6 ----1
11
0-8-6
_en_
A
C
__
1
0-1
12-8-2
I
1
>
+
l
8-6
2
2
ll'.
l ) @
2
12-8-4
3
c
2
1
;
#
3
11-8-6
4
4
:
-15
$
4
8-2
0
____5_____-+------t------C=-----4..,.........-=----l'--+.oo~--==--r~--'-I--'(-l--'~~o---1-_ _5;-_-_·~-+--0~-~8~-4_,__--16c42
L( I ] _
:
~
6
8-5
=

( - .J[{ - 7-.

\?

---~7:;-----r----i-----------.4---,2---·1-t-"c-..,,,,,..._,__·11•.........
---+-';;-&-t----~7.-----i-c---::8'-71~------i

8
8
l*~
8
11-8-49c8
1 l{L)[(
9
12-8-5-·------.,o.-----1---t--------:::C,------:::8.------,2.----+llill"}_-.]ir+--J:-=--+--'-J-t----O;;- ---+---tl-8-5 ---1

8
9
f-- 0
11_'-1
12-2
12-3
12-4
12-5
12-6
12-7
12-8

a
b
c
d
e
f

12-1
12-0-1 --1
12-2
12-0-212-3
12-0-3
4
12-4
12-0-4C
4l
12-5
12-0-5C
4
2
12-6
12-0-6g42l
12-7 ·-+--i2~
li
8
12-8
12-0-8iC
8I
12-9
12-0-9
11-1
_J_
C
1
J
11-1
12-11-1 -~r-tJ-2kC
2
K
11-2
12-11-2
t-11-3
___I_
2
l
L
11-3
i":i:.T)~
11-4
m
C
4
M
11-4 ---+- -j2-:J1-=4l I -5---t---n
4
1.
N
11-5
- 12-11-5 -~.:.{) ---- o
4
2
0
11-6
f2-=-rr:6~7------+-p
C
4
2
l
P
11-i-- n-::Tf:7--·
1--- - ---- t--------c
0 _ _ _ _ _ _ __,__ _ _ _o_____,____1_1-a+--i-2-=~---------+-----+-~-t---=-B------...,8~-1
R
11-9---12-TI-=9
~
s
A
~
2
S
0-2
__
t0-3
t
A
2
l
T
0-3
l 1-0-3
1- o-4--- ---j
u
A
c
4
u
---+----0-4·11-0-=-:ro-5--- - - - - - - - - v - A--------4~---~1-+----....,v-----t--0:.5-----11-0-::.5
1---Q:-{>_____ -+w ------t---+-----A----4
2
wo..:6·-- - - ---rr:o:6o-7x_____A_ _ _c_____4_ _2_ _ _1 __,_ _ _ _ _x ______-+--__o_-_7_____ ---11-0:.7~r~=--=-~ ~~------"--~~ --~= -~A
c
0
v
o-a
----+--n-=o-=-a·-o-9
z
A
8
I
Z
---+----0.:.9-- --11:.0-:9--_

B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B

r-t2:9-

A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A

1

2
2

C

1

A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
I

n:a -

Tf:9-:L::--

THE CODES BELOW ARE NOT PRINTABLE

c

SPACE

BLANK

MZ
12-0

A

PZ
FUNCTION

~~

-· BY
RES
./
B
1---~--_9-__-_4_--___-=:_~----.--RP_Fs________,1-r-----_---+-+

1-- 0-9-5~

11-9-5

c

8
8

¥

2
2

BLANK

11-0
12-0

..;--

0-8-5
8-7

MEANING

CODES

0-9-4

95

BLANK

4
_--_--__,_P~N"----1----+--------'C=--=8

l--Jl-=-9::.4--- --~
_

SPACE

+-----A----~a----2~---+------.----+---o,~-~0--2~~2---0-7 __ __ _4,___ _ _ _-+------~Pu=n=c~h~O~n,_______________ ~84
Bypass8
4
RestoreA-_-_B====A=--_-_-_-c:::::;0::::4:::::::::_-::_:-::::::::-'-P-u;:n'""c-~h-'-'~o::f_fo-_-_-_-_-_-____-_-_-~--~----~==--=--·--__=:=------·-··, - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - + - - - - - + - - - - - - - ---"8'--__
4 _ _ _ _-'--1-1------'-'-Re-=-a=d"'-e'-r-"-Sto-=-~"--------------------__
LF
t1___ 1----- --~---=C----'8'----'-4_ _ _ _.c..1--i----~L~in=e-'-F-'-e-=-ed~.-c~----=----_..,..,~---=---~"'"---

12:9~5----t---

:ill

.-

Xt

B

C

8

4

1

Newline(CarrierReturnandlineFeed)-~Ji.1.L.~.._~../"-r---+----+--=B_ _A:..;___ _ _~8_ _4c_----,=-_~1-+-----'-H~o~r~iz~o~nt~a-'--l~Ta=bc_________________

1-~~~=~:6--=~---_--_----"~'-~-~B___./v-r---+---1------~A-_-__-__-_C~_-_-_-_~~====1~=====-;__-_-_-_-___-_+,_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_--~~'::dpe=o~rf~~-:f;~~=k==-=------==--=----_-_-_-_·__ __-___-~~_1_1.:<f:-6______ _____

lt~-6- --- --

- ---

BS

v

t&r _..__
/'

B

C

8

4

2

Backspace_ _ _ __--1----+_B_ _ _A___C___~c---1-----,;~--l-1-----~~~~-'-;~:~fC~T~=~~~-s_a_c_t-io_n___________ -~::9=7--··· - --_-_--~---./~-+---+-~----A·----~8_ _4~--=-2--.,1,..-+------P:-r;-;-efi_x_______________ ~~~=~~ ~~NOTE:

bLEL

:;

r---r+-

A

C

~

1 ;

:

~~fete=---

The tape feedholes are located between the 4-bit and the 8-bit,t This 8th track punch is punched into tape with the NL code when the 1050 system haseither the Line Correction or Home Correction special features (or both) installed.
This punch is not included in the parity check of the NL character,Figure 44.

PTT Code/6 (Perforated Tape and Transmission Code/for 6-Bit Environments)

85

tion. This code is also transmitted during line-loop
operations.

Code Summary
COMPONENTSNUMBER OF
CHARACTERS

1051
1052/1053 Printers

64
Downshift Upshift
44 + 744 + 71052 Keyboard
1054
1055

59

1056
1057

64
61 or 621058

61 or 62

64
63

REMARKS(print andfunction)

62 characters fromthe line.
With line control
on EOT is notpunched.
61 or 62 charadersfrom the line. The
idle code can: bepunched with theoperator panel installed.
With line control
on EOT is notpunched.
61 or 62 charactersfrom the line. The
idle code can bepunched with theoperator panel installed.
With line control
on EOT is notpunched.
44 charactersinterpret

Delete CodeThe delete code is a 7-bit (all bits) code which is:
1. Generated by the 1050 system when initiated either
manually or automatically, depending on the opera-

RB1050 Detailed Information

2. Punched when either the delete button or the correct button is pressed to initiate a tape deletion for ahome-loop operation.
3. Punched by any receiving 1055 when a line-correction operation is initiated by a negative LRC compare following a line-loop transmission. The line-correction special feature must be installed to permit
this operation.
4. Not punched by any receiving 1055 in either ahome-loop or line-loop operation when receivingfrom a reader. This code is never punched by any
1057 or 1058.

Summary of Two-Character Function Codes(Prefix and Alphabetic Character)
The following two-character code initiated functions
are available for the 1050 system; the availability ofeach code is indicated (standard or special feature):
CODE

Prefix A
Prefix B
Prefix C
Prefix D
Prefix F
Prefix G
Prefix H
Prefix J

FUNCTION AND UNIT

STANDARD/SPECIALFEATURE

Ribbon Shift Up-1052/1053
Ribbon Shift Down - 1052/1053
Single Line Feed-1052/1053
Double Line Feed - 1052/1053
Duplicate - 1057/1058
Alternate Program - 1057/1058
Card Release - 1057/1058
Reader Stop - 1054/1056

SpecialSpecialSpecialSpecialStandard
Standard
Standard
SpecialIndex

51-Column Card Feed (Single Card Feed),1056 Model 2 only ...................................................... 16, 53
103A Dial-up Data Set Procedures ........ .............................. 7 41050 Character Set Information .......................................... 83
1050 Planning and Operator Instruction Charts .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 771050 System - General Operation .. .. .............. ............ .... .. .. 181050 Systems Time-Outs .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 82
1050 Timing Considerations ................................................ 81
1051 Control Unit ...................................................... 7, 18, 83
1051 Control Unit - Special Features ........................ 10, 24
1051 Control Unit, Timings .................................................. 81
1052 Printer-Keyboard .......................................................... 111052 Printer-Keyboard and 1053 Printer .................... 30, 83
1052 Printer-Keyboard and 1053 PrinterSpecial Features .......................................................... 13, 46. 1052/1053 Document Printing Recommendations................ 76
1052-1053 Printers, Timings ................................................ 81
1053 Printer ............................................................................ 131054 Paper-Tape Reader ........................................ 13, 46, 83
1054 Paper-Tap-e Reader-Special Features .............. 14, 48
1054 Paper-Tape Reader, Timings ...................................... 81
1055 Paper-Tape Punch .......................................... 15, 55, 83
1055 Paper-Tape Punch - Special Features .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 15, 57
1055 Paper-Tape Punch, Timings ........................................ 82
1056 Card Reader .......................................................... 15, 49
1056 Card Reader- Special Features ........................ 16, 53
1056 Card Reader, Timings.................................................. 82
1057/1058 Card Punch ............................................ 16, 57, 83
1057/1058 Card Punch- Special Features ................ 16, 60
1057/1058 Card Punch, Tir~1ings ........................................ 82
1092 and 1093 Programmed Keyboards .. .. ......... ............... 171448 Transmission Control Unit Time-Outs ...................... 83
Addressing .. .. ... ..... .. .. .... .. .. .. ........... ... .. .. .... .. .... .. .. .... ... .. ..... 69, 73
Addressing ,Characters ............................................................ 19
Answer...................................................................................... 73
Appendix ..... ... .. .. .... ... .. .. .. .. ..... .. .. .. .. ........ .... .. .. ... .. .. ..... .. .. .. .. ...... 73
Application Planning Chart .... .... ....... ... .... ..... ..................... ... . 77
Assigned .. .. ... ..... .. .. .. ... .. ................. ... .. ... .... .. ... .. ..... .. .. .. .. .. ..... ... 73
Attend-Unattend Switch (System) ................................ 21, 30
Audible Alarm (Models 1 and 2) .................................... 11, 25
Auto EOB Switch, (On-Off), 1056 .................................. 49
Auto-Feed Switch, 1057/1058 ................................................ 57
Auto Fill-Character Generation (Models 1 and Nl) .... 10, 24
Auto Fill Switch, On-Off .. .. .............. ..... ................. .............. 33
Auto Skip - Auto Dup Switch, 1057/1058 ...................... 57
Automatic Card Reread .. .... ..... .. .. ..... .. .. .... ........ .. .. .. .. ... .. .. .. ... ·53
Automatic Disconnect Feature .............................................. 75
Automatic EOB ................................................................ 11, 25
Automatic Ribbon Shift and Line Feed Select(Models 1, 2 and Nl) .................................................. 11, 24
Automatic Tape Delete ................................ ........................ 56
Automatic Tape Reread ........................................................ 48
Backspace Key .... .. .. .... .... .... .. .. .. .. ... .. .. ... .. .. ..... .. ..... .... .. .... ... .. .. .
Broadcast Addressing ..............................................................
Buttons, 1052 and 1053 ........................................................
Bypass .......................................................................................
Bypass-Duplicate Mode .................................... ..................
Bypass-Program Mode..........................................................

38
21
34
23
23
23

Card Ejection-Home Loop, 1056 ......................................
Card Ejection-Line Loop, 1056 ..........................................
Card Lever #2, 1056 ............................................................

52
52
49

~•·

Card Leve( #3, 1056............................................................
Card Reader (Addressmg) .................... ............ ................ .... 00-·
Card Reader (Polling) ............................................................ ·68
Card Reader Program ........................ ;........................... 16, 53
Carrier-Return Key ................................................................ 39
Center-Roll-Feed Reel and Take-Up Reel .................. 14, 48
Centralized Half-Duplex .............................. ......................... 73
Chain Installation (Vertical Forms Control
Special Feature) ........................................................... ,...... 41
Character Parity Checking (Vertical Redundancy
Check-VRC). ..................... ................................................. 22
Cleaning the Print-Element .................................................... 76
Code, (PTT code/6) ................................................................ 85
Code Summary, Character Set Information .. .. .. .. .. .... .. ... ... .. 86
Communication Control ... .... ...... ... .. ..... ......... .... .. .. .. .. .. ..... .. ...
8
Communication Facilities .. .. .. .. .... .... .. ... .. .. .. ..... .. .. .. .. .. ... .. .. .. ...
8
Compatibility (Vertical Forms Control) ................................ 29
Component Assignment Switches ............... .... .. .... ......... ........ 32
Component Description .. .. .. ..... ..... .................. .... .. ... ...... ... .. .. ..
7
Component Select Characters (Polling and Addressing) .. 21
Continuous Card Stock Forms ................................................ 76
Control Mode (Line Control) ................................................ 18
Control Unit Models .............................................................. 10
Controls and Indicator Lights, 1052 and 1053 ... ... .. ...... .... .. 30
Controls, 1054 ........................................................................ 46
Controls, 1055 ........................................................................ 55
Controls, 1056 ........................................................................ 49
Controls, 1057/1058 .............................................................. 57
Correct Button .. ... ... .... .. ..... ..... ... .. .. ..... .... .. .. ................ ...... 26, 36
Correction Procedure for Home-Loop Operation .............. 71
Correction Procedure for Line-Loop Operation ................ 71
Correction Procedure for On-Line Keying ........................ 72
Correction Procedures ............................................................ 71
Data Check Button .... .. .. .... ................ ............................ .... ... ... 37
Data Packing-Home Loop (Using the Card
Reader Program Special Feature) ...................................... 62
Data Packing-Home Loop (Without theCard Reader Program Special Feature) .......................... 63
Data Set .................................................................................. 73
Data Sets ............ .............. ..... .... ... .. ... ....... ...... .... .... .. .. .. .. ..
8, 7 4
Delete Button, 1055 ............. ~.................................................. 55
Delete Code .... .......... ...... .. .. .. .. ... .. .. ..... .. .. ... ..... .... .... .. 26, 28, 86
Demodulation .......................................................................... 73
Deserialize .... .. .... .. ..... ... ... ... ... .. ...... ...... ... .. .. ... .. .... .. ...... ......... .... 73
Dial Disc Switch, (System) .................................................... 34
Document Pressure Lever, 1055 ............................................ 55
Edge-Punch Read ............................................................ 14, 48
Edge Punching .. .. .. ... .. ... .. .. ............ .. .. ... .. .. .. ....... .... ...... ... . 15, 57
Eject Button, 1056 ......... _..................................................... 49
End of Address (EOA), @ ................................................ 20
End of Block (EOB), @ .................................... .... ............ 20
End of Transaction (EOT), @ ................... ... ... ... ....... .. ... 20
EOB Switch Manual-Auto ................................... ................. 33
Example of Line-Loop Keying .............................................. 45
Extended Character Punching .... .. .. .. .. ..... ... .. .. ... .... ... .. .. 16, 60
Extended Character Reading ........................................ 16, 54
Feed Button, 1055 ................................................................
Feed Button, 1056 ................................................................

i-+~

General Rules, Reader Operahon-1054 ............................

47,. -

.

55

.

11

::::~:n::::~~~~~·~~; ;~~··~;;~~~;··;~~;·~~~··~~~~··::::::::~)
87

General Rules, Reader Operation-1056 ............................
Glossary of Terms .....................................................................
Group Addressing ...................................................................

50
73
21

Perforated Tape and Transmission Code for
6-Bit Environments (PTT code/6) .................................... 85
Pin-Feed Platen .............................................................. 13, 46
Platen Removal ...................................................................... 7 6
Platen Replacement ................................................................ 76
Platen Variable .... .. .. .. ...... .. .. ... ............. ... .. .. .. ... ... ....... .... .. .. .. .... 39
Point-to-Point Operation .. .... ... ... .. .. ..... .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..... .... .. .. .. .. 64
Polling................................................................................ 65, 73
Polling a Card Reader .... ...................................................... 51
Polling a Tape Reader .. .............. .... ... .. ....... ........ ............ .... .. 48
Polling Characters .................................................................. 18
Positive Response (Inquiry), Pound Sign Character,
20
Positive Response, Yes (Period Character),
20
Power Light ........................................................ .................... 38
Principles of Operation ........................................................... 18
Print Element Replacement .... .... ........... ..... .... .. .. ... .. .... .. . .. .. .. 71')
Print Switch, 1058 .................................................................. 57
Printer (Addressing) ... .... ..... .. .. ... .. .. ....... .. .. .. ... .. .. ... .. ... .... .. ... .... 70
Printer (Polling) .. .... .. .. ..... ..... .. .. ... ..... .... .. .. ... .... .. ..... .. ... .. .. ... .. .. 68
Printer Controls, 1052 and 1053 .... .... .... .. .. .... ... ........... .... .. 38
Printer Switch Operation (Terminal Receive) .................... 32
Printer Switch Operation (Terminal Send) ...... .. .. ...... ........ 32
Proceed Light .... .... ...... .. .. ... .. .. ... .. .. ... .. .. ... ... ... .. ..... ... .. .. .. .. .. ... . .. 38
Program Card 8-Punch Interlock, 1057/1058 ...................... 5£1
Program-Dup Switch (System) .............................................. 33
Program Tape Switch (On-Off), 1056 ................................ 49
PTT Code/6 Translation, 1057/1058 ................................ ,,... 59
Punch Delete Button ................................................ 26, 35, 55
Punch Feed Button .. ..... .. .. ... .. ......... .... ... .. ............. ... 26, 35, 55
Punch, Normal-Bksp Switch .......................................... 26, 33
Punch Operation-1055 ........................................................ 56
Punch Operation-1057/1058 ........................................... ... 59
1

Half Duplex .................................... ........................................ .. 73
Home Bypass and Restore (Models 1 and Nl) ................ 23
Home Component Recognition (Models 1 and Nl) .. Ll, 25Home Correction (Models 1 and Nl) ........................ 11, 25
Home Loop ... ........ ..... .. .. ............ ..... ... .. ..... .... .... .. .. ..... .. ... ... .. .. .. 73
Home-Loop Operation (Component Recognition Codes) .... 44
Installing a Program Tape, 1056 ... .................... ... .. .. .... .. ... .. ...
Interlocks, 1052 and 1053 ....................................................
Interlocks, 1054 ......................................................................
Interlocks, 1055 ......................................................................
Interlocks, 1056 ......................................................................
Interlocks, 1057/1058 ............................................................

50
39
46
55
49
58

Keyboard ......... ... .... ... .. ... .. .. ..... ..... .. ......... .... ... .. .. .. ... .. .... ... .. .. .. .. 12
Keyboard (Addressing) .. .. ... ..... .. .. .... ... .. .. .. .. .... .... ..... .. .. .. ...... .. 69
Keyboard (Polling) ................................................................... 65
Keyboard Locked, 1052 ... .... ..... .. ............ ... .. .. ... .... .. .............. 40
Keyboard Operation ..... ... ....... ... .. ... .. ... .. .. .. .... .. .. .. .. .. .. ..... ... .. ... . 44
Keyboard Request (Models 1 and 2) .......................... 11, 27
Keyboard Unlocked, 1052 .................................................... 40
Keying Bypass and Restore Codes .... .... .. .... .. .. .. ... ... .. .... .. ... . 44
Keying Component Recognition Codes ............ ........ ..... ... .. 44
Keypunch-Autopunch Switch, 1057/1058 ...... .. .. .. ... .. ... .. .. 57
Keys, 1052 ... ..... .. ..... .. .... .. ... .. .. .. .. ...... ... .. .. ... ... .. ..... .. .. .. ... .. .. ... .. 37
Left and Right Margin Set Levers .. .. .. .. .. ... ... ... .. .. .. .. .. .. ... .. .. .. 38
Lights-1052, 1053 ................................ ................................ 38
Line Adapter (Models 1 and 2) ...................................... 11, 27
Line Bypass and Restore (Models 1 and 2) ................... , 23
Line Component Recognition (Models 1 and 2) .............. 22Line Control (Models l and 2) ........................................... 18
Line Control Signals ............................................................... 19
Line Correction (Models 1 and 2) .............................. l l, 27Line Correction Release (Models 1 and 2) ................. 11, 28
Line Feed Key ...... .. .. ..... .... .. .. .. ... .. .. .. ......... ... .. .. .. .. .. ... .. .. ..... .. 38
Line Gage and Card Holder ................................................ 39
Line Loop ... ... ... .. .. .. ... ...... .. ... .. .... .. .. ... ... .. .... ..... .. ... ... .. ....... ... .. 73
Line-Loop Operation (Component Recognition Codes) ........ 44
Line-Space Lever .... .. .. .... ... ... .. .. ... ... ................ .... ... .... .... ... .. .... 39Longitudinal Redundancy Checking (LRC) ............. ........... 22
LRC Time ................................................................................ 73
Main Line Switch, 1057/1058 ............................................ 57
Master Station (Models 1 and 2) ................................ 11, 28
Master Switch, On-Off ............................................................ 31
Model 1, 1051 ........................................................................ 10
Model 2, 1051 ........................................................................ 10
Model NI, 1051 ...................................................................... 10
Modulation .. ..... ... .. ... ....... .. .. ..... ....... .. .. .... .. ... .... ... .... .. .. .. ....... ... 73
Monitor Printer ....................................................................... 73
Motor Control Switch, 1057/1058 ............ ............................ 57
Multiple-Copy Control Lever ............ .................................... 39
Multiple-Copy Forms .............................................................. 76
Multipoint Operation .............................................................. 65
Narrow-Band (150 bps) Dial Procedure for use with TWX
Negative Response, No (Hyphen Character),
Network....................................................................................

74@ ............ 2073

Off Line .................................................................................. 73
On Line.................................................................................... 73
Operation (Vertical Forms Control) ................ ........ .............. 29
Operator Instruction Sheet .. .... .. .. ... ............ .... ....... .... .... .. .. ... . 77
Operator Panel ................................................................. 16, 60,~ ~Plij?er Bail and Bail Lever ...... .. ..... ... ..... ... ......... ... .. .. ..... .... ...
ap.,er Release Lever .. .. .. ... .... .. .. ... .. .. . ... .. .. .. ... .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ... .. .. ... ..
er-Tape Reader (Addressmg) .. .. .. .. .. .. ................ .... ...... ......
Paper-Tape Reader (Polling) .... .... .. .. .... ......... .............. .........

'

881050 Detailed Information

39
39
69
65

@

0 ................

Reader Operation-1054 ........................................................ 47
Reader Operation-I 056 .... .. ......... ......... .... .. ... .. ..... .. .. ...... ...... 50
Reader Skip .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ... .. .. .. .. .. ... .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..... .. .. ... .. 48, 52
Reader Skip Button .. .. .. ...... ............... ...... ... .... .. .. ... .. ............... 35
Reader Start-Home Button ................................................ 35
Reader Start-Line Button .................................................... 36
Reader-Stop Code .. ... .. ..... .. .. .. .... .. ..... ... .. .. .. .. ... .. .. .. .. .. ... ... . 48, 52
Reader Stop-Prefix J (Models 1 and Nl) ................ 11, 28
Reader Stop Switch, Line-Off-Home .................................. 34
Receive Alarm Light ............................................................ 38
Receive Interlocks ... ... .. ... .. .. . .. .... .. ... .. .. .. .. .... .. .. ... .. .. .. .. .... .. .. .... 24
Receiving (with Line Correction Installed) ........................ 27
Recognized ........................................................................... ,,.. 73
Remote Terminal .................................................................... 73
Removal, Chain (Vertical Forms Control) ............................ 41
Replacement, Chain (Vertical Forms Control) .... ..... .. ... ...... 43
Request Button .. .. ....... ....... ..... ..... .. .. .. ..... ............. .... .... .... ... ..... 36
Resend Button ............................................-............................. 37
Reset Home Button .. .. .. ... ... .. .. ........ .................. ...... ............ .... 34
Reset Line Button .. .. .. ...... .. .......... ........ .... .. ............... .... .. .. ..... 36
Response ........................................................ .......................... 73
Restore...................................................................................... 23
Restore-Duplicate Mode ...................................................... 24
Restore-Program Mode ......................................................... 23
Ribbon-Change Lever .. .. .. .. ... .. ... .. ....... ... .. .. .. .. ... .. ... .. ... .... ........ 39
Ribbon-Position Lever ................................ ............ ................ 39
Ribbon Replacement ... ..... .... .... ......... ... .. ....... ......... ..... ... .. ... .... . 75·
Ribbon-Reverse Lever ............................................................ 39
Right-Side Cover Switch, 1056 ................. ....... ............ .... .... 49
Roll Paper Specifications ........ .......... ....... ......... ....... .......... ..... 76
Sending (with Line Correction Installed) ............................ 27
Serialize .................................................................................... 73
Set and Clear, Tab-Control Key .. .......... ..... .. ......................... 39
Setting the Right Margin Stop .............................................. 41
Setup Procedures, 1052 and 1053 ........................................ · 40
Setup Procedures, 1054 ......................................................... 46
Setup Procedures, 1055 ......................................................... 5$
Setup Procedures, 1056 ........................................................ 50

Setup Procedures, 1057/1058 .............................................. 59
Shift and Shift Lock Keys .... .. .. ... ......... .. .. .. ..... ..... .. .... .. .. .. ... . 38
Short Card Pack Feed (1056 Model 1 only) .................. 16, 54
Single Card-Stock Forms ...................................................... 76
Single-Cycle Operation ........................................................ ;. 70
Single Cycle Switch .. ...... ........ ....... .. ... .. .. ... ... .. ....... .. .. .. ... .. .... .. 34
Space Bar ... .... ................. .... . ...... .. .................. ....... .................. 39
Special Techniques ................................................................ 62
Specifications for Paper Tape and Edge-Punch Documents 76
Specifications for 1050 Recording Media ............................ 76
Stacker Auto-Feed Switch (On-Off), 1057 /1058 ................ 57
Station Identification ............................ .................................. 21
Stop Code Switch, Sense-Off ... ....... ... .. ......... ... .. .. ....... .. .... .. .. 32
Summary of Two-Character Function Codes(Prefix and Alphabetic Character) .......... .. .. .......... .... .... .. .. 86
Switches, 1052 and 1053 ........................................................ 30
System Applications .. .. .. ..... .... ... ....... .. ... .. ... .... ... ... ... .. .. .. ........
6
System, Attend-Unattend Switch ................................ .. 21, 30
System Components ... .... ....... .. .. ... ... ..... .. ... .. .. ... .. .. ... .... .. .. .. .... ..
5
System, Dial .Disc (Disconnect) Switch ................................ 34
System, Program-Dup Switch ................................................ 33
Tab Key .................................................................................. 39
Table Release Button, 1054 .................................................... 46
Take-Up Reel.................................................................... 15, 57
Tape Advance Wheel, 1054 .......................... ...................... 46
Tape Advance Wheel, 1055 ................................................ 55
Tape/Document (T-D) Lever, 1054 .................................... 46
Tape Presence Contact, 1054 ............................................ .. 46
Tape Pressure Lever, 1055 .................................................... 5·5
Tape Splicing ... .... .. .. ..... .. .. .. .. ........ ... .... .. ... . ....... .. .. .. .. ..... .. ..... .. 77
Tape-Tension Lever, 1054 .................................................... 46
Telegraph Line Attachment (Models 1 and 2) .............. 11, 28
Test Switch, On-Off ................................................................ 34
Text Mode (Line Control) .................................................... 19
Text Time-Out Suppression (Models 1 and 2) .................... 30
Time-Out.................................................................................. 73
Turn-Around Time ........................................................ .......... 73
Vertical Forms Control (Models 1, 2 and Nl) ............ 11, 29
Voice-Grade (200 bps) Telephone Procedure ........................ 74
Voice-Grade (200 bps) Telephone Procedure, With
Automatic Answering-Optional ... .... .. ... .... .. .... .. ....... .. .. ... .. 7 4Western Electric Data Set 103F ....................................... .
Western Union Data Sets ................................................... .

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