2017 年 6 月 19 日	 	 日本機械学会北海道支部	  バイオメカニクス懇話会	 
第 28 回講演会	 	 （共催：日本機械学会北海道支部，日本機械学会バイオエンジニアリング部門「計測と力学̶
生体への応用̶」研究会）	 	 

主査	  大橋	  俊朗	 	 	  下記の要領にて第 28 回講演会を開催いたします．本講演会は日本機械学会北海道支部特別講演会，日本機械学会バイオエンジニアリング部門第 56 回「計測と力学-生体への応用-」研究会と共催いたします．皆様のご参加をお待ちしております．	 	 
記	 日	  時：2017 年 7 月 7 日（金），16:30~18:00
場	  所：北海道大学大学院工学研究院・工学部	  アカデミックラウンジ 3
http://www.eng.hokudai.ac.jp/building/?place=outer
講	  演：
16:30~17:15「Mechanical Responses of Cultured Endothelial Cells in View of Spatial Shear StressGradient」
Prof. Masaaki Sato, Professor, Director of Frontier Research Institute for InterdisciplinarySciences, Tohoku University, Japan
Arterial bifurcations are known to be common sites for development of cerebral aneurysms,
where the combination of high shear stress (SS) and high spatial SS gradient (SSG) may
induce some damages or dysfunction of endothelial cells (EC). However, the details of therelationship between the hemodynamic environment and EC responses remain unclear. We
have developed two types of flow chamber to apply simultaneously SS and SSG to ECs. Oneis T-shaped flow section in a chamber and the flow velocity and SSG are not constantdepending on the location. The other is designed to be SSG constant in the some flow section.
Confluent ECs were exposed to various levels of SS and SSG for 24 h using both flowchambers. Although ECs exposed to lower levels of SS/SSG were not oriented or elongated in
the direction of flow, they responded under the conditions of SS with an SSG when the SS
exceeded a threshold value depending on the magnitude of SSG. Using a simplified
computational model, we found that the presence of an SSG affects the strain field in ECs,
resulting in a morphological response. SS combined with an SSG can alter the localization ofSS mechano-sensing proteins along the strain field as a result of shear flow. The results
suggest that the magnitude of the relationship between SS and SSG plays an important role inregulating EC polarity and the resulting morphological changes in response to fluid flow.
17:15~18:00「Bioengineering Strategies to Minimize Damage of Vulnerable Skin Tissue」
Prof. Dan Bader, Professor, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southampton, UK andDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, theNetherlands
A few researchers have adopted an hierarchical approach, involving multi-scale models, toexamine various aspects of soft tissue damage, in the form of pressure ulcers (PUs). These
have identified several physiological mechanisms each of which play a role in concert in theaetio-pathogenesisofPUs.
These
include,mechanical-inducedischaemia,
ischaemia-reperfusion injury, impaired lymphatic and interstitial fluid flows and direct cell
damage. Translation to human models involves monitoring conditions at the loaded soft tissue
interface and developing early screening methods to identify individuals at risk of developing
PUs. A recent focus involves the potential damage caused by medical devices, designed tosupport functional activities in patients with vulnerable tissues. Devices include respiratory
masks in both paediatric and adult intensive care units, the prosthetic socket-stump interface ofamputees, as well as support surfaces associated with sitting and lying. The experimental
approach adopts both biomechanical (pressure and shear) and microclimate (temperature andhumidity) measures, and the use of biomarkers to assess the skin response tomechanical-induced irritation caused by prolonged use of medical devices. The resulting
parameters can provide input in the form of boundary conditions at the device-skin interface
into computational models to predict conditions at which soft tissue damage can occur.

問い合わせ先：大橋	  俊朗	  北海道大学大学院工学研究院人間機械システムデザイン部門
Tel&Fax: 011-706-6424, Email: ohashi@eng.hokudai.ac.jp