2041c asean motorcycle pro

Research Report on April, 9, 2021

IATSS 2041C Project
Sustainable Community Development
based on Safety utilizing Motorcycle Culturein the ASEAN Region
To promote the "Honda Model" as a meta-design

Kenji Doi, Project Leader

2041C
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Project Members

Utilizing Motorcycle Culture

IATSS Member

Kenji Doi (PL)
Shunsuke Kamijyo
Yuto Kitamura
Taro Sekine
Masaya Takahashi
Nagahiro Yoshida
Shunsuke Managi(Professor, Osaka University Graduate School of Engineering)(Associate Professor, Emerging Design and Informatics Course, The University of Tokyo III)
(Professor, The University of Tokyo Graduate School of Education)(Professor, Nihon University Department of Mechanical Engineering)(Director, Research Center for Overwork-Related Disorders, National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health, Japan)(Associate professor, Osaka City University Graduate School of Mechanical and Physical Engineering)(Professor & Director of Urban Institute, Kyushu University Graduate School of Engineering)Special Researchers

Yuichi Inoue
Akira Hasegawa
Takaaki Hasegawa
Atushi Fukuda
Tomoyuki Inagaki
Hiroto Inoi
Masanobu Kii
Tadanori Yamaguchi
Kento Yoh
Sippakorn Khaimook(Director/IATSS Counsellor, Tokyo City University International Center)(Motorcycle Service Department, Motorcycle Operations, Honda Motor Co., Ltd. /IATSS Counsellor）(Professor, Saitama University Graduate School of Science and Engineering/IATSS Counsellor)(Professor, Nihon University Department of Transportation Systems Engineering/IATSS Counsellor)(Associate Professor, Chuo University Research and Development Initiative）(Associate Professor, Toyama University Department of Civil Design and Engineering ）(Professor, Kagawa University Faculty of Engineering and Design)(Professor, Osaka International University Faculty of Human Sciences)(Assistant Professor, Osaka University Graduate School of Engineering)(Doctoral Program, Graduate School, Osaka University)

Observers

Tsuyoshi Iida
Yohei Ota
周 純甄(Assistant Chief Administrator, Public Relations Department, Safe Driving Promotion Operations, Honda Motor Co., Ltd.)(Overseas Development and Promotion Group, Public Relations Department, Honda Motor Co., Ltd.)(Doctoral Program, Graduate School, Osaka University)

Yu-Chin Chiou
Hsin-Li Chang
Yi-Shih Chung
Nicolas Saunier(Professor, National Chiao Tung University, Taiwan)(Professor, National Chiao Tung University, Taiwan)(Assistant Professor, NCTU, Taiwan)(Full Professor, Polytechnique Montreal, Canada)

Overseas Collaborators2

2041c asean motorcycle pro

How to understand the Traffic and Safety Culture in the Project
Sociologist andPhilosopher
Pierre Bourdieu

Driving habits and customs
Traffic violation behavior

Habit: Continued on an individual basis
Custom: Shared and continued in a group

PSC Standard
Embodiment

CultureCapitalTraffic rules, Control,
Traffic Safety Education,
Driver’s License System

Institutionalization

Road construction,
traffic signal
Signs and markings,
Training books, etc.

Reproduction of Habitus

Cultural capital accumulates in places.

Unconscious perception,
thoughts, and actions according
to habitus are produced

Objectivization

Strengthen






Priority: Awareness of priority in road space
Speed: Awareness of the dangers of excessive speed
Compactness: Compactness of intersections, etc.
Comprehension: How easy to understand the rules

Habitus: An implicit principle ofbehavior shared by society

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Project Background and Aims
Accidents involving motorcycles in almost all ASEAN countries are the main cause of fatalities (WHO).
In particular, 74% in Thailand, 62% in Malaysia, 74% in Cambodia, etc.

On the other hand, systematic understanding of the causes of motorcycle accidents is lagging.

Comprehension
Institutionalized cultural capital
Laws are undeveloped and disobeyed.

Embodied cultural capital

Safety training for drivers is undeveloped and not implemented.

Laws and regulations that do notmatch the actual situation
There are laws,
but not followed.

The fine ischeap.

Priority

Not feel the need for education
No educational programs - Lack of funding and experienceNo safety measures taken (including helmets)

Increase of motorcycle
accidents in Asia
Lack of interest from government
Other priorities
Due to insufficientdata, grasping thecause is difficult.

Not feel the need for the repair.

Priority is given to themaintenance of main roads
in urban areas.
Undeveloped road infrastructure

Compactness

Comfortable, fun, and convenient(sabay...)Cost a lot.

Alternative means of transportation are
not available or not usable.

first year

Even if it breaks a little, it's good enough to use.
Poor vehicle maintenance and inferior quality products

Objectified cultural capital

Speed

4

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Verification of Safety of Local Helmets ⇒ Impact in Also Japan
Helmet for motorcycle
1 type (half type)
Shock absorption test
Hemispherical anvil
Impact speed: 4.84.95m/s
First time: Frontal head
Second time: Right side ofhead
Allowable value: 300G

1841A Project, NHK NEWS WEB, "Suspected sales of nonconforming helmets on the Internet," February 10, 2021.

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Implementation in 2041C
Embodied cultural capital

Institutionalized cultural capital(2)

Laws are undeveloped and disobeyed.
Laws and regulations that do notmatch the actual situation
There are laws,
but not followed.

The fine ischeap.

Safety training for drivers is undeveloped and not implemented.
Not feel the need for education
No educational programs - Lack of funding and experienceNo safety measures taken (including helmets)

Increase of motorcycle
Accidents in Asia
Lack of interest from government
Other priorities(1)

Due to insufficientdata, grasping thecause is difficult.

Priority is given to themaintenance of main roads
in urban areas.
Undeveloped road infrastructure

Last fiscal year –this fiscal year

Comfortable, fun, and convenient(sabay...)Cost a lot.
Not feel the need for the repair.

Alternative means of transportation are
not available or not usable.

Even if it breaks a little, it's good enough to use.
Poor vehicle maintenance and inferior quality products(1) Collision risk analysis based on motion pattern learning using drone aerial photography and AI analysis(2) Verification of the effect of safety education and the structure of social impact by Honda, a motorcycle manufacturer

2041c asean motorcycle pro

Target areas for Drone Aerial Photography and AI Analysis
1

Jed-bridge
Jed Yod-Chang Khian Rd.
Bridge in front of Hoofer Place

3

Kaeonawarat-pharmacy
No.237 Tunghotel Rd.
In front of the pharmacy
at the intersection
3
2

Kaeonawarat-honda
Kaeonawarat Rd.
In front of Honda dealer(There is an international school acrossthe street.)

Accident prone areas are selected based on the accident data (2015 to2019) from Thai RSC (provided by the Association of Thai Insurance
Companies) and advice to identify the places.

1

November 12, 2020
Time: 6:27 am to 8:52 am
Weather: Sunny

Total:15
MC alone:2
MC vs another vehicle:3
MC vs MC:1
MC vs Pedestrian:0
other:92

Total:27
MC alone:12
MC vs another vehicle:3
MC vs MC:6
MC vs Pedestrian:0
other:6

November 10, 2020
Time: 3:17 pm to 5:45 pm
Weather: Sunny

November 11, 2020
Time: 6:32 am to 9:32 am
Weather: Sunny
Total:50
MC alone:13
MC vs another vehicle:5
MC vs MC:10
MC vs Pedestrian:0
other:227

2041c asean motorcycle pro

Collision Prediction based on Aerial Images and AI Analysis
Collision Prediction Using Motion Patterns Learning
By Prof. Nicolas Saunier, IATSS Research Overseas Editor, Ecole Polytechnique of Montreal

Object Recognition and Vehicle
Motion Pattern Learning

Motion pattern map with probability
representation of position after Δt

Risk diagrams that enable estimation of accident
occurrence patterns and their probabilities
without collecting actual accident cases

P. St-Aubin, N. Saunier, and L. F. Miranda-Moreno. Road user collision prediction using motion patterns applied to surrogate safety analysis.
In TRB Annual Meeting Compendium of Papers, 2014. 14-5363. etc.

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Visualization of Potential Collisions
1

Jed-bridge

2

Kaeonawarat-honda

3

Kaeonawarat-pharmacy

Legend: numbers of potential collisions with TTC below 10 s.

92041c asean motorcycle pro

Intersection Risk Assessment
PET (Post encroachment time):
Time to reach after action

1

2

3

TTC (Time to Collision-centile5):
Collision margin time (5% value)

1

2

3

Speed difference at risk of collision (95%):
Speed difference-centile95

1

2

3

In terms of the probability of traffic accidents, point (1) poses a greater risk than points (2) and (3).
In terms of the magnitude of damage in the event of an accident, point (3) has a greater risk than point (2).

⇒Colegion diagram ⇒ Grasping typical risk situations ⇒ To risk prediction
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Future Challenges for Safe Motorcycle Driving Education in Thailand and Vietnam
1. Wearing a helmet
Helmet use has been continuously advocated as a countermeasure against motorcycle accidents in the emerging
countries in Asia, and the current rate of helmet use has improved significantly due to legal regulations and the provisionof free helmets. Motorcycle safety education, which should be proposed by developed countries, has already moved to
the next stage, which includes not only helmet recommendation but also helmet quality and proper helmet wear (chinstrap tightening and proper size).
2. About breaking
Braking is the basis for avoiding danger on a motorcycle, and it is important to apply the front brake more strongly than
the rear brake in order to obtain effective braking power on asphalt surfaces. It takes a lot of courage to apply the front
brake strongly, and it is only possible with advanced riding techniques. In the future, as the traffic environment improves,
the speed of motorcycles is expected to increase, so it is necessary to practice braking so that the front brake can beused more effectively than the rear.
3. Risk prediction education
Education that emphasizes the acquisition of other viewpoints is required to promote awareness of not only thedangers that appear in front of us, but also the serious dangers that lurk unseen. This acquisition of other viewpoints is
not merely a way of perceiving objects but is also a way of understanding the relationships involved in inferring theintentions and mental states of others ⇒ accurately inferring what others think of one's existence.
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2041c asean motorcycle pro

Examining the Effectiveness and Social Impact of Safety Education by Honda Vietnam
1.
2.
3.

HVN's activities to promote safe driving
Overview of the survey
Profile of subjects
Incl. •
•
•
•

4.
5.
6.
7.
8.

Use of motorcycles and participation in HVN initiatives
Experience of traffic accidents in the past year
Effectiveness of HVN safe driving promotion activities
Impact of the Covid-19 Pandemic

Driver's awareness and attitude
Driver's behavior
Understanding cause-and-effect relationships - awareness, behavior, accidents
Social impact of HVN's activities to promote safe driving
Effects of safe driving programs by driving experience122041c asean motorcycle pro

Honda Vietnam 2030 Statement
HVN 2030 Statement• Dedicated to the "freedom, security, and comfortable life" of all people.
• Expanding enjoyment, driving the development of a healthy mobility
society, and pursuing QOL improvement.
Looming Transportation Challenges• Increase in the number of traffic accidents due tourbanization and motorization• Difficulties in addressing behavioral improvements for alltransportation participants
HVN's long-term road safety strategy• Focus on fostering traffic morale in a new generation

Support forgovernment
efforts

Target by 2030
A Collision-free
Mobile Society

Government
commitment level

Supervise the government's
commitment to road safety.

Transfer know-how cultivatedby HVN to the government.
Mobilize social resources tomaximize the effectiveness of
traffic safety measures.

Current Stage

The government's efforts have been ineffective,
requiring enterprise companies

Next Stage

The government effectively
fulfills its proper role.

The government takes theinitiative in implementing traffic
safety measures.

2030 and beyond

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Honda Vietnam's Comprehensive Approach
Promote road safety activities to minimize the number of traffic accidents in Vietnam andaim to establish sustainable management and expand the management as HVN company.
Improving traffic safety knowledge and skills in society

Fostering the morals of the new generation that will bear the future

Strengthen TS knowledge & skill for society

Building up moral for new generation
1

For ages 3 to 5

I Love Vietnam
Program (TV)2

For ages 6 to18

Helmetdonations/promotional activities

3

For ages 6 to18

Traffic safety education(for kids, teens) at
school54

6

7

For ages 18 to35

Training for youth
and students

Training for traffic
policeIn collaboration with the Ministry of
Education and the Traffic Safety Committee
Collaboration with the
Ministry of Education
Collaboration between Traffic
Safety Committee, Ministry of
Education, and the traffic police

Collaboration withthe traffic police

Training (sponsoredby the dealer) for
customers and local
residents

Activities using the
MC/AM Distributors
Network

Training
educational
activities at thecenter (MC & AM)

Activities by HVN

14

2041c asean motorcycle pro

Overview of the Research in Vietnam
Classification•

Survey period: July 29 to August 3, 2020•

Survey method: Web online•

Subjects: Registrants to/panels of partnercompanies of Asmarq Co., Ltd.

•

Language: Vietnamese (translated from English)•

Number of valid responses: 600

GenderAge

Jul 29: Vietnam braces for 2 ndwaves of infection

Male

204

34.0

Female396

66.0<20 years old2

0.3

20 -29290

48.3

30 -39243

40.5

40 -4943

7.2

50 -5016

2.7

60 -695

0.8

70 -7900≧80 years old

1

0.2

GenderFemale(396)
66%

Number of Respondents (%)

Age
Male
(204)
34%

Over 60s
50s 1.0
2.7%.
40's
7.2
30s
40.5%

18
years
old
0.3

20s
48.3

15

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Actual Use of Motorcycles
Q1. Do you ride a motorcycle?

Q2. Manufacturer of Motorcycle (Multiple Choice)0%
3.7

Number of
有効回答数

66.0

Valid
（600）
Responses

0%

20%

40%

Honda

17.3
6.7

60%

50%

6.3

83.2%

Yamaha24.0%

80% 100%

Suzuki

5.8%

Compact motorcycle (51cc to less than 175cc)
小型自動2輪車（51cc以上175cc未満）に乗っている

Piaggio

3.0%

SYM

2.6%

Othersその他

0.8%

中・大型自動2輪車（175cc以上）に乗っている
Medium and large motorcycle (175cc or more)
過去に自動2輪車に乗っていたが、現在は乗っていない
Used to ride a motorcycle, but not anymore
自動2輪車に乗ったことはない
Have never ridden a motorcycle
自動2輪車ではなく50ccの2輪車に乗っている
Ride a 50cc scooter, not a motorcycle

100%

Number of Valid Responses (600)*Honda's market share in 2018:75.9%

162041c asean motorcycle pro

High participation rate in HVN initiatives
Q5: Select all applicable HVN initiatives in which you haveparticipated. (Multiple selections are allowed.)

Q1: Do you ride a motorcycle?

Motorcycle
Driver(500 people)

6.7%
66.0%

3.7%
17.3%

1. 小型自動2輪車(51cc以上175cc未満)に乗っている
Compact motorcycle (51cc to less than 175cc)
2. 中・大型自動2輪車（175cc以上）に乗っている
Medium and large motorcycle (175cc or more)
3. 過去に自動2輪車に乗っていたが、現在は乗っていない
Used to ride a motorcycle, but not anymore
4. 自動2輪車に乗ったことはない
Have never ridden a motorcycle
5. 自動2輪車ではなく50ccの2輪車に乗っている
Ride a 50cc scooter, not a motorcycle

Number of Responses (people)

6.3%

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.

400
300
200

173

165

100
0

274

248

83
1

2

3

4

5

119
6

68
7

Corresponding to the following numbers

Traffic safety education using HVN textbooks in elementary, middle, and high schools
Helmet donation campaign by NTSC, MoET, HVN
Viewing "I love Vietnam" and other contents produced by HVN
Traffic safety classes held by HVN at kindergartens and nursery schools
HVN safe driving courses for universities, colleges, and youth
Safe driving training for customers of HVN motorcycle dealers and local residents
Have never participated17

2041c asean motorcycle pro

High Participation Rate in HVN Activities0%
Traffic safety lessons at school.
学校での交通安全の授業
Motorcycle
training at the company/organization.
会社/所属団体での自動二輪の講習
Training at the driving school or TSEC.
自動車教習所やTSECでの講習
ディーラーが主催する講習
Dealer-organized training.
Traffic safety events organized中央政府や自治体、警察が主催する交通安…
by the central government, local governments, and police.
Watching movies and TV programs
about traffic safety, and watching content on the Internet.
交通安全に関する映画やテレビ番組、インター…
Have never participated.
参加したことはない

20%

40%

11.5%

80%

51.7%

23.2%
13.8%
18.7%

60%

63.7%
36.5%

Q4: Have you ever participated in a course at TSEC (Traffic Safety Education Center)?
0%

20%

40%

13.0%

Have participated in other motorcycle training courses.
その他の自動2輪の講習に参加したことがある

16.5%

Have participated in an automobile licensing course.
自動車の免許取得講習に参加したことがある

Havenever participated.
参加したことはない

80%

52.8%

Have participated in a motorcycle licensing course.
自動2輪の免許取得講習に参加したことがある

Have participatedin other automatic four-wheel licensing courses.
その他の自動4輪の講習に参加したことがある

60%

Number of Valid Responses (600)

5.5%
35.8%
18

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Effectiveness of Activities (1)Q47. What are the effects?

Q46. How effective are the activities
related to road safety at HVN?

0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

Number of
有効回答数
Valid Responses
（600）
（600）

32.5

4.0
14.2

49.2

0.2
0%

20%

40%

効果が非常に高いと思う
Very effective
効果が高いと思う
Highly effective

60%

80%

自分の身を守る
Protecting
myself

81.6%

Protecting my family's life
自分の家族の生活を守る…

75.1%

Protecting
the lives and bodies
自分だけでなく他者の命・体を守る
自分だけでなく他者の命・体を…
of others as well as my own

76.5%

安全な社会に貢献
Contributeto a safe society

74.4%

Contribute to the economy
安全なモビリティで経済に貢献
through safe mobility

54.3% altruistic

100%

81.7% evaluated it
as ”very effective“ or“highly effective”

あまり効果は高くない
Not very effective
効果はない
No effect
Do not know because did not know about
HVNの取り組みを知らなかったので分からない
the HVN activities

Othersその他

Recognize

0.3%

and social
benefits

Number of 有効回答数（575）
Valid Responses（575）192041C
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Effectiveness of Activities (2)Q48. Changes in mindset through HVN activities
0%

20%

40%

60%

100%

28.4%

Riding a motorcycle became fun.
自動2輪に乗ることが楽しくなった

46.8%

Riding自動2輪に乗ることが快適になった
a motorcycle is now more comfortable.

72.3%

自動2輪に乗る際により安全を気にするようになったWhen
riding a motorcycle, safety has become a bigger concern.

47.4%

Have become a confident motorcyclist.
自信をもって自動2輪を運転するようになった

11.4%

Started to go out歩ける距離でも自動2輪で外出するようになった
on my motorcycle even if it is within walking distance.

29.8%

Began to think about the feelings of car drivers when driving motorcycles.
自動2輪車運転時に自動車運転者の気持ちを考えるようになった

23.5%

Can now
move independently without relying on relatives and friends.
親族や友人に頼らずとも自立して移動できるようになった

20.1%

Freedom in daily life has increased.
日々の生活における自由度が増加した

26.0%

Satisfaction in daily life has increased greatly.
日々の生活における満足度が大きくなった

61.3%

自分の命を守る意識が高まった
Became more consciousof protecting our own lives.

24.6%

Began to think
about the feelings of pedestrians when driving a motorcycle.
自動2輪車運転時に歩行者の気持ちを考えるようになった
Others
その他

80%

0.4%

Number of Valid Responses（447）202041C
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Safe Driving and Altruistic Motivation
Q45.
for driving safely
Q45.Reasons
安全運転を行う理由

0%

20%

40%

60%

If I cause
an accident, I will be in trouble.
事故を起こすと自分が困るため

100%

80.7%

If I cause
an accident, my family will be in trouble.
事故を起こすと自分の家族が困るため

71.9%

Because it is the law.
法律でそのようになっているため

56.7%

Because accidents
involve other people and cause problems for other people and their families.
事故は他の人を巻き込み、他の人やその家族を困らせてしまうため
Others
その他

80%

74.7%
1.1%

Number of Valid Responses（538）The percentage of altruistic responses is also high.
利他的な回答の割合も高い

Gender
Gap
性別の差
Male
男性

64.0%

Female
女性

80.4%
0%

20%

40%

60%

80% 100%

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2041c asean motorcycle pro

Experience of traffic accidents and near-misses

Q43. Near-miss experiences in the last year
0%

10%

20%

Q42: Accident experience in thelast year

他の自動2輪と正面衝突しそうになった
Almost had a head-on collision with another motorcyclist
Almost collided head-on with another car
他の自動車と正面衝突しそうになった
Almost rear-ended another motorcycle
他の自動2輪と追突しそうになった
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
Almost rear-ended another car
他の自動車と追突しそうになった
Almost had an intersection collision with another motorcycle
出会い頭で他の自動2輪にぶつかりそうに…
Accident causing
Almost had an intersection collision with another car
人身事故
出会い頭で他の自動車にぶつかりそうに…
6.7%
injury or death
Almost had an intersection collision with another motorcycle
追越し・追抜き時に他の自動2輪にぶつか…
Almost had an intersection collision with another car
追越し・追抜き時に他の自動車にぶつかり…
Accident resulting in
物損事故
8.9%
Almost hit another motorcycle when passing or overtaking
右折時に他の自動2輪にぶつかりそうになっ…
property damage
Almost hit another car when passing or overtaking
右折時に他の自動車にぶつかりそうになった
Almost hit a pedestrian crossing the street when turning right
自損事故
右折時に横断中の歩行者にぶつかりそうに…
Single-car
accident
17.7%
Almost hit another motorcycle when turning left
左折時に他の自動2輪にぶつかりそうになっ…
73.4%
Almost hit another car when turning left
Have not had an
左折時に他の自動車にぶつかりそうになった事故に遭っていない
Almost hit a pedestrian crossing the street when turning left
accident
左折時に横断中の歩行者にぶつかりそうに…
Almost being hit by another motorcycle
他の自動2輪にからぶつかられそうになった
Number of Valid Responses（538）
Almost being hit by another car
他の自動車からぶつかられそうになった
Almost hit a pedestrian
歩行者とぶつかりそうになった
26.6% of subjects had at least one
Almost hit a structure
工作物にぶつかりそうになった
The speed of 他の自動2輪の速度が思ったより早く、ヒヤ…
the other motorcycle was faster than expected, which scared me
accident per year
The speedof the other cars was faster than expected, which scared me
他の自動車の速度が思ったより早く、ヒヤ…
The tires slipped and I nearly fell
タイヤが滑って転びそうになった

10.0%
10.4%

30%

19.7%
20.1%
19.5%

40%

29.9%

4.1%
4.9%
7.5%
7.7%
6.1%
5.5%
5.9%
4.3%

3.3%
6.1%
6.3%

16.9%
18.3%
11.8%

HVN/TSEC: Most trainees have no knowledge of brakes before taking the course, nor they understand how to brake on wetor unpaved roads. As a mere habit, they tend to use rear wheel brakes a lot.

33.5%
Number of Valid
Responses (508)222041c asean motorcycle pro

Effects of Safe Driving Programs by Driving Experience

Safe Driving Program• Training for driving schools and TSEC (Traffic Safety Education Center)• Safe driving training by HVN for college and vocational school students and other young people• Training for customers and local residents held by HVN motorcycle dealers
Less than 3 years of motorcycle driving experience•

Percentage of non-participants who have experienced an accident:
0.50•

Percentage of participants who have experienced an accident: 0.38

At least 3 years of driving experience•

Percentage of non-participants who have experienced an accident:
0.23•

Percentage of participants who have experienced an accident: 0.25

Accident
experience inthe past 1 year

Effective in reducing the number ofaccidents involving drivers withlimited driving experience

24% decrease23

Understanding Cause-andeffect Relationships
N = 400 (Those who have participated in the
HVN safe driving program)
CFI: 0.937, TLI: 0.926
RMSEA: 0.052
Speed awareness on
main roads

63%.

Speed awareness on
residential roads

56%.

0.83***

Get frustrated on
crowded roads

37%.

Get frustrated when afrontward car isrunning slowly

27%.

The pie chartshows theactualresponses ofthe subjects toeach question(percentage).

Get frustrated when
the light turns red
when in a hurry.

82%.

Drive carefully at
unsignalizedintersections.

Awareness of theimportance ofanticipating danger
while driving

0.72***

0.79***

Choose a route with less risk of
traffic accidents.

88%.

Drive on narrow streets because
they are less crowded

84%.

Drive with extra caution whendriving diagonally behind a car

89%.

Look behind in the mirror whenchanging lanes.

92%.

0.71***

When driving at intersections,pay attention to the speed ofother cars and motorcycles .

90%.

Distracted driving 0.38***
such as driving
0.90***
while using asmartphone

Use or talk on the smartphone
while driving.

23%.

0.79***

While waiting at the traffic
light, use a smartphone.

29%.

0.68***

Drive on the sidewalk when in ahurry or in traffic congestion.

40%.

Drive the wrong way when in ahurry or in traffic congestion.

19%.

Enter the intersection before
the traffic light turns to green.

23%.

0.85***

0.77***

0.66***
0.53***

Awareness ofdanger while driving

Risk avoidance
action0.28**

Changes in mindset
by participating in
the HVN program

havingFrustrated whiledriving

0.63***

0.19** 0.28***

Understanding of laws
-0.8***4 and regulations andawareness ofcompliance with them

0.81***-0.6***80.33***-0.68***

0.64***

0.69*** 0.58*** 0.56***

Risk prediction
actionTraffic laws
violation

0.61***
0.29***

Latent variable)

Obligation to stop ina place with a good
view

64%.

Safety awareness of
passive driving

Recognizing therelationshipbetween traffic
violations andaccidents

Awareness of
speed when the
traffic is light

Allowing a person
to drink and drive
as little as one
beer

62%.

71%.

45%.

53%

AawarenessBehavior

0.86***

0.87***

LegendObservation results

0.78***

0.55***

82%.
0.80***

0.13*

Danger awarenessof overspeed

nil

31%.

76%.

0.87***

AlwaysSometimes
HardlyI agree.
If anything, I agree.
I don't agree.

0.79***

Experience oftraffic accidents inthe past 1 yearYNo

28%. e***: p<0.001,** : p<0.01

242041c asean motorcycle pro

Findings from Structural Analysis
Subjects: 400 program participants
Awareness of thedanger of speeding

Awareness of danger
while driving

Risk avoidance
actionAwareness of thedanger of speeding

Risk prediction
actionChanges in mindset as aresult of participation in
the HVN program

Frustration during
driving

Subject: 500Name of motorcycle driver

Awareness of andcompliance with laws
and regulations

Awareness of danger
while driving

Risk prediction
actionChanges in mindset as aresult of participation in
the HVN program

Distracted driving
while using asmartphone.

Frustration during
drivingTraffic laws
violation

Risk avoidance
actionAwareness of andcompliance with laws
and regulations

Distracted driving
while using asmartphone.
Traffic laws
violation

Experience oftraffic accident in
the past 1 year

More than 80% of the participants in the HVN safe
driving program experienced a change in their mindsetof driving, with a significant increase in “awareness ofdanger while driving” and “understanding of laws andregulations and awareness of compliance with them.”

Experience oftraffic accident in
the past 1 year

Compared to non-participants, participants in the HVN
safe driving program shows significant improvement in“understanding of laws and regulations and awareness ofcompliance with them.” However, there was no
significant difference in "awareness of danger ofspeeding" and "awareness of danger while driving.
25

2041c asean motorcycle pro

Social Impact of Safe Driving Promotion Activities
The pie chart shows the actual
responses of the subjects to eachquestion (percentage).

Yes
No

Participated Activities

74%.

Direct training at
TSEC
Q3-3

43%.

Training for youth
and students
Q5-5

30%.

Training forcustomers and local
residents
Q5-673%. Q48-3

0.17**

0.48**

0.14**

0.30***

Safety andAwareness ofProtecting Lives

Q48-4
0.20***

0.72****Can drive withconfidence.

0.69***

0.69***
Independent
mobility without
relying on othersa) Confidence in drivingb) Safety awareness and awareness of protecting one's own lifec) Increased independence in mobility and freedom of livingd) Understanding the feelings of pedestrians and four-wheeled drivers.

Q48-110.29**

0.40***

0.42***

Independence andFreedom of living

The HVN safe driving program was found to havethe following significant effects on participants.

N = 400
CFI: 0.924
TLI: 0.875
RMSEA: 0.069*** : p<0.001** : p<0.01

Q48-10

Awareness of safety
and the need to protect
lives

Safetyawarenesswhen driving*

61%.

24%. Q48-7

0.62***

Freedom in daily
life

21%.

26%.

Car -drivers

30%.

Consideration forother road users
0.61***

0.73***

Pedestrian

Q48-6

Q48-8

Q48-7. Move independently without relying on relatives or friends
Q48-8. Increased freedom in daily life26

2041c asean motorcycle pro

Organizing Findings• The HVN safe driving program contributes to the reductionof traffic accidents through the following two factors.
1) Awareness and attitude toward danger while driving→ Promote risk avoidance and predictive behavior
2) Understanding of traffic laws and awareness ofcompliance with them.
→ Reduce violations of laws and regulations and driving
while using a smartphone, etc.

1
3 to 5 years old
ILVN Program

Significantly contribute to the reduction of traffic accidents

Collaboration
with Ministry of
Education andTraffic Safety
Committee• The safe driving program affects not only the individual's awareness ofdriving, but also his or her awareness of daily transportation and daily
life, resulting in an increase in "independence in transportation andfreedom in life.” These effects, together with the awareness of safety
and protection of one's own life, lead to an understanding of the feelingsof pedestrians and four-wheel drivers (other road users), i.e.,
consideration for others (acquisition of other perspectives), andcontribute to the realization of a safe traffic society.

2
6 to 18 years old
Helmetdonation/promotion activities
Collaboration
with Ministry of
Education andTraffic Safety
Committee

3
6 to 18 years
oldTraffic safety
education at
schools(Children andteens)
Collaboration
with Ministryof Education

4
18 to 35 years
oldTraining for the
youth andstudents
Collaboration
with Traffic
SafetyCommittee,
Ministry of
Education, andTraffic Police

5
Training for
Traffic Police
Collaboration
with Traffic
Police6Training forcustomers
and local
residents(Dealer)6
Training forcustomers andlocal residents(Dealer)
Activities
making use of
MC/AM dealer
network

7
Educational
activities at
the training
center(MC & AM)
HVN’s
activities

Activities
making useof MC/AM
dealer
network27

2041c asean motorcycle pro

The HONDA_V Model as a Meta-design

BehaviorchangeCreating a safe andsustainabletransportation
community by
utilizing motorcycle
Awareness
cultureCo-creation of knowledge andskills to improve safety

Building relationshipto improve engagement

ChangeBuilding the morals
of a new generationthat will bear the future

Embodiment
Cultural Capital
Knowledgeandskill training• Embodiment of safe driving• Socialization of safety culture

Institutionalization
Relationshipestablishment

Attachment/
promotional
activities

Schoolsafety education

Publicize through all media.

SocialimpactHONDA
V-model• Making a mechanism• Brand building
Motivation

Objectivization
Contents, textbooks,
helmet donation

Involving schools andparents in the development

CitizenSocietal

Responsibility

Activity

CulturalCreativity

Livability
Sustainability
28

2041c asean motorcycle pro

Achievement for This Year
Understanding traffic accident risk using drone aerial photography and AI to make up for the lack of data
⇒ Reflecting the results in risk prediction education programs for motorcycle drivers that are locallyappropriate in the future
Traffic safety culture co-creation model led by motorcycle manufacturers involving the government,
communities, and households⇒ The role to complement the challenges (enforcement) of road safety measures in the ASEAN region
Verification of the effect of safety education by Honda, a motorcycle manufacturer, and the structure of its social impact
 Based on the nationwide web-based survey in Vietnam, verify traffic accident reduction effect, social impact, and therealization structure created by Honda Vietnam's traffic safety.
 Contribution to a safe traffic society and improvement of livability through the safe driving program education

29

2041c asean motorcycle pro

For the coming year
Development of risk prediction program for motorcyclists focusing on
speed perception in the ASEAN region
Localized risk
prediction
Validation of speed
and relational
cognition

Aerial photographic
image analysiss

Live Action andAnimationteaching materials
production

empathy formation

Shooting live action
video
In Hanoi and Suzuka

Localtraining seminarsz30