Regional Development and Human Development
System (地域発展と人材育成システム)
Rajendra NIRAULA* Chen GUO ** Yoichi HIROTA***Shunji KUSAYANAGI**** Hiroshi SHIMA*****
Infrastructure System Engineering, Kochi University of Technology, Kochi
Miyanokuchi 185, Tosayamada, Kami-City, Kochi Prefecture, 782-8502, Japan
E-mail :*rajendra.niraula@kochi-tech.ac.jp, ****kusayanagi.shunji@kochi-tech.ac.jp*****
shima.hiroshi@kochi-tech.ac.jp

要約: 本研究は，地域発展状況および人材育成環境の実態調査を行い，社会経済発展を目的とした，大学機能を組み込む新しいシステムの開発を目的とする．本研究では中国における大学の活動，ネパールおよびカンボジアにおけるインフラ発展・人材育成状況について調査を行なった．
また，新しい地域発展・人材育成システムの開発を目的として，大学が企業を経営する方式（University-Run Enterprises），大学コラボレーション，COE機能について検討を行なった．
ABSTRACT: This study aims at investigating regional development and human development system, anddeveloping a new system incorporating university’s functions for the socio-economic development.
Universities activities in China, human and infrastructure development environment in Nepal andCambodia were studied. University run enterprises, universities collaboration and center of excellence
approaches were integrated in order to develop new regional and human development system.

Summery of Research
The economic development situation of eastern,central, western regions in China, and the functionsof Chinese universities, which include education,
research and contribution to the society wereinvestigated. A new Chinese innovation system has
been emerging in terms of university-run enterprise.
In recent years, science parks, incubators, andhigh-tech development zones have been provided
with strong incentives. The commitment of Chinese
government to further introduce a market economy
has been elaborated with a focus on the relations
between university and industry. The operation
mechanism of Chinese university-run enterprise has
special characteristics, which are government
support, relying on university, market mechanism,and industry movement. As human society enters
the knowledge and information age, education isexpected to play an increasingly important role andit gives driving force to regional economic
development of China by using of the functions ofuniversity.
Infrastructure and development environment in

Nepal and Cambodia are in dismal situation. The
construction industry could not deliver project
efficiently. Human resources development system
was ineffective. University and industry are working
independently and there no evident linkage between
them exists. Industry practitioners were complaining
the quality of graduates for not acquiring enoughpractical knowledge and skills from university
education. In addition, neither government provided
universities fund/facilities nor the industry
motivated for technology development. Lack ofenough appropriate human resources andtechnology for construction and management werethe main reasons for the poor performance of theindustry and poor quality of infrastructure as well.
Universities collaboration and center of excellence
approach were recommended to improve the qualityof human resources and to develop appropriatetechnology domestically in developing countries.

In addition, the construction industry was not able todeliver infrastructure development projects within
stipulated resources with anticipated quality under
traditional project delivery system.
Only several

projects were completed within the stipulatedresources with required quality. The traditional projectdelivery system could not provide the industry
opportunities to enhance capacity for efficient
infrastructure development. Alternative projectdelivery incorporating human development system
was recommended in order to improve the capacity ofindustry and to deliver project efficiently.
Moreover, official development assistance (ODA),
since its adoption, has become the major resource
for socio-economic development in developing
countries. Japan’s ODA occupies major share in thewhole ODA from the developed countries. However,the prevailing implementation system of theJapanese ODA could not provide the constructionindustry of recipient countries enough opportunities
to enhance significantly the technological andmanagerial capacity. In addition, human resource
development is inefficient. The quality of higher
education was left unaddressed. A new system
incorporating university functions integrated withtechnology and infrastructure development throughODA was developed. The first part of the system
which consists of university’s capacity enhancement
and technology transfer/development system isalready in operation to enhance the capacity ofInstitute of Technology of Cambodia and to develop
technology for high strength concrete bridge girder
in Cambodia. Eventually, the system will be
implemented in other developing countries. The
brief of the study is discussed under the headings“Regional Development Scheme in China Using
the Functions of University”, “Infrastructure
Development and Educational Opportunities in theLeast
DevelopedCountries:IssuesandRecommendations”, “Improving Performance ofthe Construction Industry in the Least DevelopedCountries through Alternative Project DeliverySystems”, “Official Development Assistance ‘ODA’
And Human Resource Development in theConstruction Industry of a Developing Country” and“Pretension Bridge Girder using Self-Compacting
Concrete for Cambodian Rehabilitation”, and arepresented in the Annex.