CAMBODIA REDD+ PROGRAMME

Cambodia Forest Reference Level
Presented to International Seminar for Climate Change and Forest,
The Future of REDD+.
University of Tokyo, 28 January 2016

Presented by: Chivin LENG
(REL/MRV TT, UNREDD and JICA-CAMREDD…)
2/16/2016

1

CAMBODIA REDD+ PROGRAMME• Presentation Title:• Location:• Date:CAMBODIA REDD+ PROGRAMME

Contents
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2/16/2016

Summary of Cambodia’s NRS
Over views of FRL
Purposes
Scale and Scope
Selection of construction approach
Methodology
Validity period ???
Challenges
3

Country Information-Cambodia covers a total area of 181,035 km2.
Population around 15 million
Tropical forest cover with more than 13 million ha
are forest land before 1970 (siville war)
The annual rainfall between 2500-3000ml/yr

CAMBODIA REDD+ NATIONALPROGRAMMENational Forest Cover Monitoring• Height 5m, area 0.5ha, canopy 10%• Natural ecosystem or plantation: includes plantations such as rubber, oilpalm, teak, acacia and eucalyptus and other kinds of trees• MMU : 25 ha
80%
73.04%

75%70%

ភា គ65%59.82%

60%

58.60%

61.15%

59.09%

57.07%

55%49.48%

50%
45%
40%

ឆា01
1965

2
1992/933
1996/974
2002

5
2006/05

62010

72014

8Note:The resultof land
cover 2006,2010 and 2014 in the figure is tentative result can’t
CAMBODIAREDD+NATIONAL
use in thePROGRAMME
formal or citation.

How it is the NRS being developed?
• Inputs from different stakeholders ( 4 Technical Teams,Consultation Group, Cambodia REDD+ Taskforce)• Build on the outputs from readiness phase• Following the step: (1) plan (2) skeleton (3) draft strategy (4)public consultation (4) finalize and present at COPCAMBODIA REDD+ NATIONALPROGRAMMECAMBODIA REDD+ PROGRAMME
Why National REDD+ Strategy?
•One of the four required elements under the WF, and Cambodia hasambitions to move rapidly to RBF under the WF.

•Key policy documents and presenting the strong commitment of thecountry government to address D&D•

Provide clear direction to the government and stakeholders to achievegoal in reducing/eliminating D&D•

Potential for seeking more funding support from different donor
requirements

2/16/20167

Purposes:- The Cambodia’s NRS has been developed for enhance implementation of policies andmeasures that promote conservation and sustainable management of forests andbiodiversity, plus socio-economic development that improves the livelihoods of forest
dependent communities and indigenous peoples- To provide a basis and direction for integrated governance and regulatory systems toensure transparent, accountable, effective, efficient and equitable implementation ofpolicies and measures.
- To fulfil Cambodia’s requirements under the UNFCCC to be eligible to receive resultsbased payments for implemented REDD+ policies and measures;

CAMBODIA REDD+ NATIONALPROGRAMMECAMBODIA REDD+ NATIONALPROGRAMME

Goals
The following goals of NRS build on activities identified and completed as part of
the Cambodia REDD+ Roadmap(2011).

CAMBODIA REDD+ NATIONALPROGRAMMECambodia’s FREL/RLs

CAMBODIA REDD+ NATIONALPROGRAMMEOverview of progress on FREL/FRL in Cambodia• Cambodia FRL is completed and waiting for officially approval• Intends to submit next month or so, aim participate in technicalassessment 2016
• Main reasons for FREL/FRL submission to the UNFCCC are:•Follow and support UNFCCC process•

Intends to implement REDD+ mitigation actions andtherefore intends to monitor and assess these actions inCountry•

Accessing result- based payments

CAMBODIA REDD+ NATIONALPROGRAMME

Institutional structure-In Cambodia three government agencies, namely FA, MoE and FiA manageforests
FA is respond for wall to wall of land use/cover mapping.
field forest survey is being implemented individually by FA, MoE and FiA.

CAMBODIA REDD+ NATIONALPROGRAMME

Purpose of FREL/FRL in Cambodia• To assess performance of CC mitigation actions; FRL is developedfor both domestic and international use.
• To support implementation of future REDD+ activities• To define the period of development of a revised FRL and thecycle/period of REDD+ implementation• To develop FRL in Cambodia primarily for UNFCCC, but also
considering climate finance external to the UNFCCC

CAMBODIA REDD+ NATIONALPROGRAMMEREDD+ FREL/FRL scale in Cambodia• FRL under development for National Scale• Reasons:• Data availability (Nat. scale)• Inter-Institutional collaborations (Forest estate underthree institutions)• Linkages to National policies to implement REDD+• Human resources and capacities• Ultimate goal of UNFCCC

CAMBODIA REDD+ NATIONALPROGRAMMEREDD+ FREL/FRL scope in Cambodia• Activities:• Aim: include only Deforestation• Consideration: Degradation (Wood fuels), SFM*
Note: Limited data on Degradation at present, however REDD+ strategy aims inmedium term on Enhancement and SFM inclusion. Deforestation/Degradation
also dependent on adoption of REDD+ forest definition• Pools:• Aim: AGB, BGB (ratio),• Consideration: Deadwood, Litter, soil (limited data)• Gasses: CO2 (no data other gasses, conservative)

CAMBODIA REDD+ NATIONALPROGRAMMEHistorical data Use and Construction approach chosen

2006
(i)

(ii)

2010

2014

As the baseline map, “2014 map” is produced by using 2013/2014 satellite image data
(LANDSAT 8). This map covers the full country (Forest/Non-Forest) and will function as abasis for future monitoring of land use and land use changes;
Two Historical maps are used to derive historical land use and carbon stock change(i)
By upgrading of existing 2010 FA map and consideration of other data sources for nonforest areas (MRC map 2010). Verification of the map is done by using ALOS AVNIR2
data for inaccessible areas. (Size of forest and non-forest area may change as the resultof upgrading or modification).
(ii) By translating the 2005/2006 FA map in a comparable legend. Verification of this map
has already been carried out by GRAS. And consideration of other data sources for nonforest areas

CAMBODIA REDD+ NATIONALPROGRAMMEREDD+ FREL/FRL forest definition in Cambodia
Definition for REDD+ (in process): 5m, 0.5Ha, 10%;
• Excluding: Perennial crops, oil palm, rubber, and land with land use
functions (Economic Land Concessions, etc.)• MMU : 5ha , 22 Class

65.00%
60.00%

59.64%
57.55%

55.00%
50.00%

46.90%

45.00%
40.00%
2005/2006

2010

2014

Note:
Note:
TheThe result
resultofof land
land
cover
cover 2006,2010
2006,2010 andand 20142014 inin thethe figure
figure isis tentative
tentative result
result can’t
can’t
CAMBODIAREDD+NATIONALuse
use inin thethePROGRAMME
formalformal oror reference.
citation.

Total Annual CO2 Emissions and Removals (t CO2 / year)
FREL reference period

Period (year to year)

Annual CO2 Removals (t CO2 / year)
AVG Annual CO2 Removals (t CO2/year)
Annual CO2 Emissions (t CO2 / year)

AVG Annual CO2 Emission (t CO2/year)

Net Total Annual CO2 Emissions and Removals (t CO2 / year)

AVG Net Total Annual CO2 Emissions and Removals (t CO2 / year)

CAMBODIA REDD+ NATIONALPROGRAMME

2006-20102010-2014

6,626,082

20,299,560

13,462,821-34,149,211-151,253,835-92,710,560-27,523,129-79,247,739-130,92,349

Legend
BambooVillage
Built up Area
Deciduous forest
Evergreen forest
Flooded forest
Forest regrowth
GrasslandAgriculture
Paddy Filed
Mangrove
Rear Mangrove
Pine
Palm Oil plantation
Pine plantation
RockRubber Plantation
SandSemi evergreen
Tree Plantation
Water
Wood shrub

CAMBODIA REDD+ NATIONALPROGRAMME

Land
Land Cover
Cover Change
Change 2006-2010
2010-2014

CAMBODIA REDD+ NATIONALPROGRAMMEREDD+ FREL/FRL methodology in Cambodia• Methodology: Historical Average
Reasons:• Conservative• Available data still limited for projections• Adjustments to National circumstances will be reviewed
especially in regard to 2012 moratorium on new land
concessions. However as granting of ELCs has reduced,
area of allocation SELCs has risen since.

CAMBODIA REDD+ NATIONALPROGRAMME

Future trends
A number of trends in the national context point to continued highemission levels
 continue relying on extractive economic institutions in the land-use
sectors for coming soon future.
 currently underdeveloped, mining is expected to grow extensively inthe future Many of the issues illustrated above illustrate the need for a wellfunctioning and effective governance of the forestry sectors
 These reasons and acknowledging the uncertainty of future impacts onemissions within these sectors,
 Historical emissions over 2006-2014 represents a conservative
approach to FRL development.
CAMBODIA REDD+ NATIONALPROGRAMMEFRL Validity-8 years historical average
4 year updating circle
Map/Activty Data
YearData2014

llll

2024

l

2026

llllll

l

l

l

l

llll

l

CAMBODIA REDD+ NATIONALPROGRAMME

ICAll

l

l
l

l

l

l

lllllllllll

Submissionlll

Preparationlllll

2025

ll
l

2023

InventoryYearlll

SubmissionllllPreparationll

Biennal Update Report (BUR)

National Communications (NC)TechnicalSubmissio
Inventory
assessnYearmentll

2021
2022

Baselinell

2019
2020

Forest Reference Emission Levell

2017
2018

Data
Complecollection tionl

2015
2016

Production

National Forest
Inventorylllllllllllll

REDD+ FREL/FRL challenges in Cambodia• Forest Definition for REDD+: No rubber plantation, palmoil plantation• Data access (especially accurate locations Landconcessions) to compute activity data under REDD+Forest Definition as well as emission factors for nonforest• Activity data currently does not include degradation• Use of average emission factor• Degradation and sustainable forest management
activities cannot included under current FREL/FRL
CAMBODIA REDD+ NATIONALPROGRAMME

Thank You!
Chivin LENG
Email: lengchivin@gmail.com
Website: www.cambodia-redd.org / http://www.un-redd.org

CAMBODIA REDD+ NATIONALPROGRAMME