REDD+ andd SustainableS t i bl Landscapes:
L dPolicy and Practice

Donna LeeTokyo, February 2014

Overview
1 Definitions:1.
D fi iti
SustainableS t i bl LLandscapes
dandd
Integrated Landscape Management
2. Policy context: Flavor of the Day?
3. Challenges: National, International, Financial
4. REDD+ and Sustainable Landscapes
5 BioCarbon Fund – Initiative for Sustainable
5.
Forest Landscapes

What are Sustainable Landscapes?
No internationally agreed definition• Sustainable development: “…
… meets theneeds of the present without compromising
the ability of future generations to meet theirown needs”.
• Landscape: “…a spatial scale which isimportant in terms of a continuous
contin o s flow
flo of key
keecosystem services”.

What is “Integrated
gLandscape Management”?
No internationally agreed definition•

Agreed multiple objectives about land
uses and its benefits•

Cooperative management across sectors
and at multiple levels.
levels•A multi‐stakeholder,multi stakeholder, participatory processP li C
PolicyContext:t t Flavor
Floff theth Day?
D ?
• Recognition of need for integrated
approaches• Increasing interest by donor community• Increased attention by private sector• Traction within climate community

National challenges
A landscapeapproach isprocess oriented,,p
not project
orientedInternational fragmentation

Mitigation (NAMAs)
REDD+New Market
Mechanisms?

Adaptation

GGreenCli t Fund
ClimateF dFinancing challenges• National level financing tools fragmented• International funding streams (e.g. aid)
segmented; focused on projects anddeliverables, not process• Private sector flows focused on supply chains,
not landscape level interventions

Climate policy & finance
Climate finance fragmented– Adaptation vs. Mitigation (REDD+, NAMAs)– GEF, Green Climate Fund, New Market Mechanisms

Has the ship sailed on expanding REDD+ to AFOLU?
– Is fuller accounting more complex or does it simplify?
– Encourages coordination and allows a government tomake appropriate trade‐offs vs. decisions in silos– Promote equitable benefit sharing that helps alter
land‐use conversion practicespREDD+ and Sustainable Landscapes
Options for integration– BestB t att th
the national
til llevell ((policyli llandscapedatt
international level too challenging)– Coordination of national and international
incentives– Benefit‐sharingg and REDD+ ((e.g.
g linked vs.
delinked, e.g. GRIF and Amazon Fund)

The BioCarbon Fund
• Initiativei i i forf Sustainable
Si bl Forest Landscapesd((USS$280 Million)• Supports 4‐6 jurisdictions (~$30‐50M)• Largely results‐based finance• FocusFon agriculture
i las ddriveri• Recognizes the role of the private sector• Builds on BioCF experiencep((Tranche 1 and 2))

BioCF: Landscape level interventions• Goal: Promote and reward reduced GHG
emissions from the land sector• Landscape approach, i.e. competinginterests from different sectors• Carbon accounting – test broader land
sector accountingiForests and Climate change in Ethiopia
Ethiopia s “ClimateEthiopia’s
ClimateResilient Green
Growth Strategy”
REDD+‘Readiness’
Oromia REDD+
Pilot Program• Net zero emissions by2030• Middle income
country by 2025
• 8 kkey sectorst• Strengthen institutional
capacity• Led by Min. of Environmental
Protection and Forests• Broad participation ofstakeholders• Large scale program toreduce emissions in thelargest forested state• Contribute to national
REDD+ Strategy
preparation

CAUSES OF DEFORESTATION AND DEGRAD.
Agriculture

Livestock

EnergyInfrastructure• Subsistence
agriculture
expansion• Commercial
agriculture
expansion• Grazing area
expansion• Fuel woodcollection• Charcoal
Chl use• Directeffects:
Open mines,
mines
roadconstruction• Indirect
effects:
access toforests andpopulation
increase• Indirect causes: land tenure insecurity, governance failings,
demographics…

CROSS SECTORAL INTERVENTIONS IN THE LANDSCAPE –THE OROMIA REDD+ PROGRAM
Participatory ForestManagementImprove cookingstoves / biogas
Intensified livestock
management

Increase
agricultural
productivity

Policy interventions