★★★ ＜第26回知的財産翻訳検定試験【第14回和文英訳】＞ ★★★
≪１級課題 -化学-≫
【問 1】
2.

A rare earth metal-transition metal alloy sputtering target according toClaim 1, wherein a variation of the area ratio of the pores is 0.4 or less,wherein the variation of the area ratio of the pores is defined by anexpression (Smax - Smin) / (Smax + Smin) under the condition that, when
an area ratio of pores in the cross-sectional structure is measured at aplurality of places in a sample plane, the maximum value of the measured
area ratio of the pores is Smax, and the minimum value of the measured
area ratio of the pores is Smin.

【問 2】
Beer lees coal briquettes are carbonized products obtained by dehydrating
and drying beer cake, heating and compression molding the cake in asuitable shape, such as a bar shape, then calcining the compression molded
body at an appropriate temperature (usually 500 °C or more). In particular,when calcination is conducted at a high temperature of 600 °C or more, it ispossible to obtain white coal with less powder generation having excellent
hardness and degree of refining, such as Binchotan. In addition, beer lees
coal briquettes have a higher ash content (especially P and Mg) and nitrogencontent than ordinary charcoal, which is preferable when used as a soil
conditioner. However, when the briquettes are immersed in water, some ofthe phosphorus contained at around 2% by weight elutes out, and thiselution is highly likely to result in a violation of the Eutrophication
Standards of the Environment Agency. Therefore, when the briquettes areused as a water purification material, it is necessary to prevent the elution ofphosphorus.
【問 3】
The disintegrant composition according to the present invention is used as amodifier (also known as "disintegrant") for enhancing the disintegration
properties of chemical products (e.g., tablets) that release their active
ingredients as they disintegrate by absorbing water, such as orallydisintegrating tablets and agrochemical granules. An orally disintegratingtablet disintegrates in the mouth because a low-molecular-weight saccharide(e.g., D-mannitol) present as a binder in the disintegrating tablet dissolves inwater in the mouth and loses its binding ability. The saccharide (B), which isone of the components of the disintegrant composition according to thepresent invention, is a highly hydrophilic compound that functions as awater-withdrawing agent to increase the rate of absorption of water into thedisintegrant composition. Another component of the disintegrantcomposition according to the present invention, namely, the water-swellable
polymer (A), swells quickly with water taken into the disintegrantcomposition by the action of the saccharide (B). The pressure resulting fromvolume expansion during swelling will cause the orally disintegrating tablet
to disintegrate, thus providing superior disintegration properties.
【問 4】
Example 1: Synthesis of Polymer Using Compound 1 as Chain Transfer
Agent
Compound 1 purified in Synthesis Example I (125.5 mg (weighed to givea final concentration of Compound 1 of 0.5 M since this sample contained an
extremely small amount of AIBN)), tBA (218.4 mg, 1.5 M), and the initiator
2,2'-azobis(isobutyronitrile) (AIBN) (13.14 mg (weighed to give a final
amount of 0.16 equivalents per equivalent of Compound 1 by taking into
account the weight of AIBN present as an impurity in Compound 1)) wereplaced in a polymerization tube and were dissolved in methanol to a total
volume of 1 mL. The mixture was subjected to three cycles of freezing,degassing, and melting to create a vacuum in the polymerization tube,followed by sealing the polymerization tube. The polymerization tube wasplaced in an oil bath at 70 °C, and a polymerization reaction was performed
for six hours to obtain a polymer. The results of electrospray ionization mass
spectrometry (ESI-MS) of the resulting polymer are shown in FIG. 14. The
polymer was also fractionated according to the number of monomer units
with an automatic flash column purification system (Isolera One ISO-1SW
from Biotage Japan Ltd.).