★★★ ＜第31回知的財産翻訳検定試験【第15回英文和訳】＞ ★★★
≪１級課題 -機械工学-≫【解答にあたっての注意】
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４．課題は３題あります。それぞれの課題の指示に従い、３題すべて解答してください。

問１．下記の従来技術に関する文を和訳してください。英文の冗長なスタイルや細かい表現にとらわれず、技術的なポイントが明確になる翻訳を心がけてく
ださい。
Despite being the most widely-used mode of transportation in the world,
second only to foot, passenger trains have one glaring omission incomparison with most all other transportation means: collision safety forpassengers. It would be misleading to say that passenger trains have nosafety features at all, since modern railway systems have sophisticatedcollision prevention measures in place. However, passenger safety
considerations in a case of an actual collision are practically nonexistent, fora reason that might as well be bureaucratic monologue: train crashes should
never happen in the first place, so there is no need to prepare for one.
Accordingly, no seatbelts, no crashproof anchoring of seats to frames. Yet
nothing could be farther from the truth, with fatalities mounting yearly. USP
7,536,958 describes an attempt to address this issue, however simply seating
passengers backwards would but expose them to flying objects (andpassengers) in a frontal crash, and be meaningless in telescoping, where one
car is displaced inside another, not to mention motion sickness for someriders in normal operations. And crumple zones are quite limited ineffectiveness in high-speed passenger trains, some of which will be travelingat close to half the speed of sound once Japan's new maglev superexpress iscompleted and operational. A fundamental solution that would be neither
cost-prohibitive nor excessively restrictive on passenger freedom has yet tobe proposed.

問２．段落 0090〜0091 及び図面を参考に、銃身の構造に関する下記の実施形態の記載を翻訳してください。パリルートを念頭に、必要ならばアレンジも加えて翻訳してください。
[0090] One or more elongate recesses 120 are formed in the body 112 of thebarrel 110. Each elongate recess 120 comprises an elongate hole formed so as
to extend from the muzzle end 116 (or a shoulder 116' formed proximate themuzzle end 116). Each elongate recess 120 is defined by one or more sidewalls 122 and a bottom wall 121 and extends from the bottom wall 121, along
the one or more side walls 122, to an open end 123.
[0091] While the elongate recesses 120 are illustrated and described as being
substantially tubular or cylindrical, with a substantially circularcross-sectional profile, in various exemplary, nonlimiting embodiments, eachof the elongate recesses 120 may have a substantially circular, rectangular,square, triangular, or other desired profile.
***START***[0100] In certain exemplary, nonlimiting embodiments, the elongate recesses
120 may create surfaces that will oppose each other as the elongate recesses
120 are stressed flexurally, tensionally, sinusoidally, and while incompression, thereby equalizing resultant forces from a fired projectile. In
certain exemplary, nonlimiting embodiments, the elongate recesses 120
create a second stiffening structure, as the area between the elongate
recesses 120 creates an "I-beam" type structure. "I-beam" type structures are
known for their inherent stiffness due to their shape.
[0101] In certain exemplary, nonlimiting embodiments, the elongate recesses
120 may enhance the cooling capabilities of the barrel 100 due to anincreased surface area of the barrel 100.
[0102] In certain exemplary, nonlimiting embodiments, cooling capabilitiesof the barrel 100 may be further enhanced by facilitating the ventilation ofoutside cool or ambient air in concert with evacuating the heated air within
the elongate recesses 120 of the barrel 100. In certain exemplary
embodiments, one or more apertures 130 are formed through the body 112 of

the barrel 100 so as to provide fluid communication between the exterior of
the barrel 100 and the cavity of the elongate recess 120.
[0103] In various exemplary embodiments, as illustrated most clearly in
FIGS. 3-12, the apertures 130 may be provided in a substantially spiralarrangement along a portion of the barrel 100. Alternatively, as illustrated
most clearly in FIG. 14, the apertures 130 may be provided in various spaced
apart locations along a portion of the barrel 100. It should be appreciatedthat the inclusion, size, number, and position of the apertures 130 is optional
and a design choice based upon the desired appearance and/or functionalityof the barrel 100.
[0104] As illustrated in FIG. 13, the apertures 130 may not be included, as
they are optional.
***END***問３．次の装置クレームを添付の図面を参考にして日本語に訳して下さい。
1. An apparatus for converting ocean wave motion into useful energy
comprising,a pressure chamber forming a pneumatic chamber (11) above theocean water whereby a standing wave is maintained within the pressurechamber and transformed to a surging wave by normal wave motion thereby
causing cyclic compression and suction of the air within the pressurechamber above the standing wave,
a counter-rotating turbine (17) transforming pneumatic suction andcompression pressure of the air resulting from the wave surge intomechanical energy, said turbine (17) comprising an output shaft (25)
mounted for rotation about a vertical axis within said pressure chamber,first and second rows of stationarily mounted guide vanes, a pair ofcounter-rotating runners (20, 21) connected with said output shaft andpositioned between said first and second rows of stationarily mounted guidevanes, each runner having a plurality of arcuate turbine blades (22, 23)
arranged so as to be rotated by moving air within said pressure chamber,andan aperture in said pressure chamber above said counter-rotating
turbine (17) for permitting air flow to and from said counter-rotating turbine(17).