★★★ ＜第24回知的財産翻訳検定試験【第13回和文英訳】＞ ★★★
≪１級課題-バイオテクノロジー-≫【問 1】
While low-alcohol beers typically have a golden or amber color, some beers
have various colors such as black, red and white.
Therefore, consumers can consider the color as well as the flavor to select a
low-alcohol beer.
On the color of the low-alcohol beers which is an important point inchoosing one, various research and development have been promoted.
For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a fermented malt beverage
produced by a production method of a fermented malt beverage in which apre-fermentation liquid containing a Maillard reaction product and malt containingcolored malt is fermented with beer yeast, wherein the beverage has a chromaticity(EBC) in the range of 8 to 12 and has a 3-deoxyglucosone content in the range of 25
ppm to 50 ppm.

In this production method, the color of the fermented malt

beverage is adjusted based on the amount of 3-deoxyglucosone in the beverage.
【問 2】
Siderophores are compounds that can chelate trivalent ferric iron.
The source of siderophores is not particularly limited, and they may be obtained
from any type of organisms.

Many microorganisms produce siderophores toefficiently take up iron which is necessary under conditions of low ironconcentration in the external environment.

Use of microorganisms allows theproduction of siderophores in large amounts because the microorganisms can beeasily grown. Siderophores derived from microorganisms are therefore preferable.
Siderophores derived from microorganisms are also preferable in that hosts which
produce large amounts of siderophores can be easily generated by recombination ofa group of genes encoding siderophore synthetases.
Naturally occurring siderophores, as well as their derivatives that can chelate
trivalent ferric iron, may be used as siderophores of the present invention.
Examples of derivatives of the naturally occurring siderophores include acetylated
siderophores and nitrated siderophores.

Siderophores may be produced by isolation from organisms. Organisms cultured
under low-iron conditions may produce iron-free siderophores.

Siderophores

isolated from organisms may be used in a crude form or may be purified.
【問 3】
Myotubes were formed using the muscle cell culture system developed bythe present inventors as described above.

Specifically, the myotubes were formedby culturing mouse myoblast C2C12 (ATCC No. CRL 1772) cultured in Dulbecco's
modified Eagle's medium supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum until
confluence, in Dulbecco's modified Eagle medium containing 2% bovine serum and200% amino acid supplement liquid for culture (see Table 1) for 6 days. The media
were exchanged every 24 hours.

Mimic motor stimulation was given to themyotubes by giving electric pulse stimulation of 40 V, 1 Hz, and 2 ms for 24 hours tothe myotubes (24 h + EP). On the other hand, myotubes obtained by culture for 4
hours in a serum-free Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium without electric pulse
stimulation instead of culture with the electric pulse stimulation for 24 hours wereused as a control group (24 h -EP)The effect of the motor stimulation wasexamined by measuring phosphorylation of AMP kinase and its substrate, acetylcoenzyme A carboxylase, phosphorylation of Erk5, JNK, and p38 which wereindicators of stimulation for spreading, an increase in glucose uptake, and theamount of GLUT4 translocated into a membrane.
【問 4】
1.

A method for detecting a partial/complete loss-of-function mutation in anabscisic acid 8'-hydroxylase gene on the A genome in a test wheat plant, comprising:
amplifying a nucleic acid by using, as a template, genomic DNA from a test
wheat plant and a primer set, the primer set comprising:(i) an oligonucleotide forward primer comprising a nucleotide
sequence of at least 15 continuous bases at 1436 to 1611 of SEQ ID NO: 1, thenucleotide sequence being located in intron 3 of the abscisic acid 8'-hydroxylase
gene;(ii) an oligonucleotide reverse primer comprising a complementary
sequence to a nucleotide sequence of at least 15 continuous bases at 1643 to1837 ofSEQ ID NO: 1, the nucleotide sequence being located in exon 4 or in intron 4 of theabscisic acid 8'-hydroxylase gene; anddetecting an insertion mutation and/or a deletion mutation in the abscisic

acid 8'-hydroxylase gene on the A genome.
7.

A method for breeding wheat having improved seed dormancy, comprising

performing a method according to any one of claims 1 to 6 to identify a wheat plant
heterozygous for a partial/complete loss-of-function mutation in an abscisic acid8'-hydroxylase gene on the A genome, and using the wheat plant for back crossing.