SWCNT HiPCO®
OUTER DIA.

LENGTH

WALL THICKNESSSPECIFIC SURFACE
AREA (1GM)

0.6-1.2nm
1 atom

700-1200nm>1300 sq.m

G/D RATIO

25-40

NoPo
Nanotechnologies

At NoPo we have established the continuous process to manufacture
single-walled carbon nanotubes of such small diameters in bulk. HiPCO® isconsidered benchmark Nanotube and is used in applications where specific,
repeatable properties are required.

Single-walled Carbon Nanotubes (SWCNTs) are the forefront ofnanotechnology, revolutionizing a myriad of sectors with their extraordinary
properties. Just a single atom layer thick, these tiny tubes possess anastounding tensile strength of 50-100 gigapascals, up to 100 times
stronger than steel, yet only one-sixth the weight. Their exceptional electricalconductivity, up to a 1000X greater than copper, and superior thermal
conductivity, exceeding that of diamond, make them ideal for applications inelectronics, energy, and medicine.

The HiPCO® Advantage
01

Smaller diameters are easier to disperse andstay in a dispersion longer

Technology

diameter nanotubes have higher
02 Smallconductivity and tensile strength

NoPo has been focused on building technology that can be scaled up at anindustrial level. The gas phase chemical vapor deposition system developed
at NoPo operates at high temperatures and high pressures to produce highquality SWCNTs and is highly scalable. Nanotubes that are produced via thisprocess have very low structural defects compared to the other CNTs.

is easy to remove compared to all the other03 Iron
catalyst components such as Co, Bimetal, etc.

We understand the industry’s requirement of high purity SWCNT without any
catalyst presence. At NoPo, we have also developed patented technology for
purification of Nanotubes to remove 99% of catalyst particles to produce highpure SWCNT suitable for electronics, healthcare and battery operations.

have developed methods to functionalize
04 Weand disperse Nanotubes in most common

present in other commercially available nanotubes

solvents. Due to high consistency of product,
the results remain same from batch to batch

0102

HiPCO® in a snapshot
NoPo HiPCO® (Raw)Black fluffy
powder
SWCNT OUTERDIAMETER (NM)0.8+/-0.2

SWCNT CONTENT(WT.%)>70

G/D RATIO(UNIT)25-40

SWCNT LENGTH(NM)

700-2000METAL IMPURITIES(WT.%)<25100

SPECIFIC SURFACE
AREA (M2/G)

>1300

80

MOISTURE(WT.%)<2Weight %APPEARANCEHiPCO Raw SWCNT

Intensity (Arb. Unit.)

016040200500

1000

1500

2000

2500

100200300

02 NoPo HiPCO® (Purified)

SWCNT OUTERDIAMETER (NM)0.8+/-0.2

SWCNT CONTENT(WT.%)SWCNT LENGTH(NM)

SPECIFIC SURFACE
AREA (M2/G)

G/D RATIO(UNIT)METAL IMPURITIES(WT.%)MOISTURE(WT.%)>90

25-40

700-1000<8Black fluffy
powder
SWCNT OUTERDIAMETER (NM)0.8+/-0.2

SWCNT CONTENT(WT.%)>99

G/D RATIO(UNIT)

25-40

SWCNT LENGTH(NM)700-1000METAL IMPURITIES(WT.%)

<1600

700

800900>1300

850

HiPCO SWCNT
1.0<203 NoPo HiPCO® (Super Purified)
APPEARANCE

500

Thermogram of as produced NoPo HiPCO® single
walled carbon nanotubes

SPECIFIC SURFACE
AREA (M2/G)

1.0

800

Excitation Wavelength (nm)Black fluffy
powderRaman spectrum of as produced NoPoHiPCO® single walled carbon nanotubes

Absorbance (Arb. Unit.)

APPEARANCE

400Temperature (°C)

Wavenumber (cm-1)

0.8

0.6

0.4

0.2

0.9

7500.87000.66500.5600
0.45500.35000.14500.00.0400
200>1300

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

Wavelength (nm)UV VIS NIR Absorbance data ofRaw HiPCO® nanotubes

MOISTURE(WT.%)

1800

900

1000

1100

1200

1300

1400

1500

1600

Emission Wavelength (nm)2D map NoPo HiPCO® raw SWCNTs
PL data of HiPCO® nanotubes<20304

HiPCO
Semiconducting SWCNT®

Raw

Absorbance (Arb. Unit.)

Semiconducting

Semiconducting SWCNT (Sc-SWCNT) are unique 1Dstructures with high electronic, mechanical, thermal
conductivity, and photophysical properties.

300

400500600

7008009001000

110012001300

Wavelength (nm)DIAMETER RANGELENGTH RANGESOLUTIONCOLOURMETAL CATALYSTIMPURITYBlue

AMORPHOUS
CARBON IMPURITY<1.0nm Sc-SWCNT

1-5%

100-700nm

Semiconducting SWCNT<1%Raw SWCNTELECTRONICENRICHMENT

Intensity (Arb. Unit.)

0.75-1.0nm

UV Vis NIR spectrum of as-produced andsemiconducting SWCNT

80-99%

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

Wavenumber (cm-1)

DIAMETER RANGELENGTH RANGESOLUTIONCOLOURMETAL CATALYSTIMPURITY

AMORPHOUS
CARBON IMPURITY

ELECTRONICENRICHMENT>1.0nmForest green>1.0nm Sc-SWCNT

1-5%

Raman spectrum of as-produced andsemiconducting SWCNT

100-700nm

HiPCO® SWCNTs are purified using Aqueous Two-phase Extraction(ATPE) which separates semiconducting nanotubes from metallic
nanotubes. Available in an aqueous solution or powder form.

<1%

The company offers Sc-SWCNTs with 99% and above semiconducting
components, and their electronic type enrichment is characterized byUV-VIS NIR absorbance and photoluminescence spectroscopy.

80-99%

0506Single Chiral SWCNT
Single Chiral Carbon Nanotubes are a type of single-walled carbon
nanotubes (SWCNTs) that have a specific helical symmetry or chirality,
which affects their properties. The chiral angle is the angle between thetube’s axis and a line connecting two equivalent points on the tube’s
perimeter, and it determines the electrical and mechanical properties ofthe nanotube.

Potential applications include their use as high-performance electronic
and optoelectronic integrated circuits (ICs), due to their extremely
high carrier mobility and current-carrying capacity. They could also be
used in the development of high-performance SWCNT computers andmicroprocessors, and their structure-tunable optical and electricalproperties could be utilized in the design of carbon-based electronic
and optoelectronic devices

A single chiral SWCNT can have either a right-handed (R) or left-handed(L) twist, depending on the direction of the helicity. This helicity canaffect the electronic properties of the nanotube, as R and L nanotubes
have different bandgap energies, conductivity, and optical properties.

At NoPo we have developed a scalable process for separating (11,3), (7,5)
and (6,5) single chiral single walled carbon nanotubes.
(6,5)

Absorbance (Arb. Unit.)

Absorbance (Arb. Unit.)(11,3)

400

976 nm

566 nm

600

800

1000

1200

Wavelength (nm)UV Vis NIR spectrum of single chiral (6,5) SWCNT
400

NoPo HiPCO® single
chiral SWCNT solution(11,3)METAL CATALYSTIMPURITY

<1%

800

1000

1200

Wavelength (nm)UV Vis NIR spectrum of single chiral (11,3) SWCNTDIAMETER

1.014 nmLENGTH RANGE

100-700nm

AMORPHOUS
CARBON IMPURITY

1-5%

(7,5)

Absorbance (Arb. Unit.)

CHIRALITY600

SOLUTION COLOUR

Dark Green

ELECTRONICENRICHMENT

400

80-99%

1024 nm

645 nm

600

800

1000

1200

Wavelength (nm)UV Vis NIR spectrum of single chiral (7,5) SWCNT

0708

Metallic SWCNT
Metallic single-wall carbon nanotubes (m-SWCNT) have metallic
conductivity behavior and have a wide range of applications.
Metallic SWCNTs are characterized by a band structure that contains
partially filled electronic bands near the Fermi level, which allows forthe easy flow of electrons through the nanotube. This makes metallic
SWCNTs attractive for applications in electronics, such as interconnects
and electrodes, where high conductivity is desirable.

The presence of m-SWCNTs in a sample can affect its properties andperformance in applications. For example, m-SWCNTs can increase thethermal conductivity and electrical conductivity of a composite material.
Their high electrical conductivity and high surface area make m-SWCNTs
useful for battery applications. They are used in electrodes to enhancecharge storage and transfer. Additionally, m-SWCNTs can provide apathway for fast electron transfer, which can enhance the rate of charge
and discharge.

<1.0nmLENGTH RANGE

100-700nm

300

SOLUTIONCOLOURMETAL CATALYSTIMPURITYAMORPHOUS
CARBON IMPURITY

ELECTRONICENRICHMENT

Rust
NoPo HiPCO® metallic
SWCNT solution

1-5%

Metallic SWCNT

Raw

Raw SWCNT

Intensity (Arb. Unit.)

DIAMETER RANGE

Metallic

Absorbance (Arb. Unit.)

s-SWCNTs show a gate-dependent conductance due to their bandgap,
while m-SWCNTs show a gate-independent conductance due to their
partially filled electronic bands.

400500600700800

9001000

1100

1200

Wavelength (nm)UV Vis NIR spectrum of as-produced andmetallic SWCNT<1%80-99%

1300

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

Wavenumber (cm-1)

Raman spectrum of as-produced andmetallic SWCNT

Researchers have investigated the use of m-SWCNTs as electrodematerials for various types of batteries, such as lithium-ion batteries,
sodium-ion batteries, and supercapacitors.
At NoPo we have developed the process for sorting m-SWCNTs
producing 99% purity m-SWCNTs at scale.

0910