“IMMPROVEMENT OF POLICY ON OCCUPATIONAL SAFERTY AND HEALTH
From Policy Development to Implementation Measures”

COUNTRY REPORT

Name: Dinh Xuan Ngon
Country:y Vietnam
Organization/Department:
National Institute of Occupational &()Environmental Health (NIOEH)
Occupational Hygiene and Safety
Department
pin OSH: 16 yyears
Work experienceOrganization Chart

Dept. of Specialized Medical
Examination

Center for Prevention
Accident and Injury

Background information• Country: Vietnam• Area: 330.991 km2•

Population: 91.7mil•

63 provinces/citiesi/ iti• GDP: USD 204 billion• GDP per capital: USD 2.22
• Growth rate of GDP: 6.68%(Source: General Statistics Office ofVietnam 2015)

Number of enterprises and workforce, 2015
- Enterprises: 402.362- Workforce: 53.98 million people (58.7% of total population)(Source: General Statistics Office of Vietnam 2016)

Workforce by economic activities, 2015

(Source: General Statistics Office of Vietnam 2016)

Distribution of workforce by sex(Source: General Statistics Office of Vietnam 2016)

Distribution of workforce by age(Source: General Statistics Office of Vietnam 2016)

Situation of occupational accidents
byy yyears ((2006-2015))
9000
8000
70006000
5000
4000
3000
2000
1000
0

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

2014

2015

Total cases

6088

6337

6047

6250

5125

6154

6967

6887

6941

7785

Fatal cases

536

621

753

550

601

574

606

627

630

666

Severe cases 1142

2553

1262

1221

1260

1314

1470

1506

1544

1704

(Source: Annual Reports of occupational accident situations,Department of Work Safety, MOLISA Vietnam)

Situation of Occupational accidents(cont )
(cont.)
Industry sectors contributing to dead accidents
2013

2014

2015

1. Construction

1. Construction

1. Construction

2. Miningg

2. Miningg

2. Mechanic

3. Electricity

3. Service

3. Service4 M
4.
Mechanic
h i4 M
4.
Mechanic
h i4T
4.Transpotationt ti

4. Textile

5. Mining
6. Agriculture and foresty(S(Source:A
Annuall RReports
t off occupationalti l accident
id t situations,
it ti
Department of Work Safety, MOLISA Vietnam)

Situation of occupational diseases
up to 2015o 34 compensated ODs
o Cumulative OD cases in 2015: 28.817
28 817o Two leading OD (cumulative up to December, 2015):- Silicosis: 20.837
20 837 cases (72.3%)(72 3%)- Noise-induced deafness: 5.099 cases (17.6%)(Source: Reports of occupational health 2015, HEMA-MOH, Vietnam)

Data collection methods for statistics- The official reports of the relevant state-level management

agencies :+ Ministry of Health (MOH)+ Ministry of Labour, Invalids and Social Affairs (MOLISA)+ General Statistics Office of Vietnam- The national-level surveys, scientific projects and tasks,i tinternationalti l cooperative
tiprojects,
j t
articlesti lpublishedbli h d ini
professional journals on occupational health, etc.

Related Laws and Regulations
 Vietnam Constitution, 2013 Law on People's Health Protection, 1989
 Law on Environmental Protection, 2014
 Labour Code, 2012
 Law
L on Chemical,
Ch i l 2007
 Law on Fire Prevention, amended and supplemented, 2013 Law on Employment, 2013 Law on Social Insurance, 2014
 Law on Health Insurance, 2014
 Law on Occupational Safety and Hygiene,Hygiene 2015

Related Laws and Regulations (cont.)• Decree No. 37/2016/ND-CP dated 15 May 2016 of the Government providing
guidelines for certain articles of the 2015’s Law on occupationalgpsafetyy andhygiene, deals with compulsory insurance for occupational accidents anddiseases• D
Decree No.
N 39/2016/ND-CP
39/2016/ND CP dated
d d May
M 15th,15 h 2016 off theh GovernmentGondetailing the implementation of some articles of the law on occupational safety
and hygiene on control of some dangerous and harmful factors at workplace;notification, investigation, statistics and report on occupational accidents andtechnical incidents causing occupational unsafety and hygieneness andtechnical incidents causing
g serious occupationalpunsafety
y and hygieneness;yg;occupational safety and hygiene form some specific labor; occupational safety
and hygiene for business and production establishment; state management
over occupational safety and hygiene .
• Decree No. 44/2016/ND-CP on guidelines for the 2015’s Law on
occupational safety and hygiene with regard to examination of occupationalsafety techniques, occupational safety and hygiene training and occupational
environment monitoringRelated Laws and Regulations (cont.)• Circular No. 19/2016/TT-BYT dated 30 June, 2016 of the Ministry of Health(MOH) guides the management of OSH and employee
employee’ss health.
health• Circular No. 28/2016/TT-BYT dated 30 June, 2016 of the Ministry of Health(MOH) guides the management of occupational diseases.
• Circular No. 15/2016/TT-BYT dated 15 May, 2016 of the Ministry of Health(MOH) listed Compensated Occupational Diseases• Joint Circular No 58/2015/TTLT-BYT-BTNMTMedical Waste Management

The Regulation on• Circular No. 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 29, 30/2016/TT-BYT dated 30 June,
2016 by MOH promulgating National Technical Regulation – PermissibleExposurep
Levels of 9 p
physicalyfactors in the workplace.
p• Decision No 3733/2002/QD-BYT dated 10 Oct, 2002 of MOH amends andsupplements Decision No. 505/QD-BYT dated 13 Apr, 1992) of MOH inpromulgating
l i OH criteria,i i including
i l di 21 criteria,i i 5 principles
i i l andd 7 parameters
related to occupational hygiene and occupational health.

Related Laws and Regulations(cont.)• Circular No. 14/2013/TT-BYT (dated 6 May, 2013) of MOH stipulatesconditions
diti
f healthfor
h lth care facilities,
f iliti processes, records,
d entrancetexaminations,i ti
physical examinations and routine medical examinations on request .
• CiCircularl No.
N 31/2013/TT-BYT
31/2013/TT BYT (dated(d t d 15 October,O t b 2013) off MOH regulates
l tenvironmental monitoring at hospital• Decision No.
No 1613/QD-BYT
1613/QD BYT (dated 15 Aug,1997)
Aug 1997) of MOH regulates thestandards for classifying health (i.e., as Types I, II, III, IV and V) in preemployment and periodic medical examinations.
• Joint Circular No. 08/TTLT-BYT-BLDTBXH (dated 20 Apr,1998) ofMOLISA and MOH regulates medical examinations for assessing
occupationalti l diseases,
dih lth care forhealthf workers
k withith occupationalti l diseases,
dianddpolicies regarding occupational disease patients.

OSH System

MOLISA and MOH is responsible for the state management of OSH. MOLISA is forwork safety.
y MOH is for the care,, pprotection and ppromotion of workers’ health.

Labor Inspection system of MOLISA
THE MOLISA

Institute forLabour ScienceanddS
Sociali lAffair
Research center forworking conditions
and environment

Bureau for Safe
Worker-Division
Division of Policies andNorms-Division of Information
and Propaganda-Division ofAdministration andPersonel-Center
Center for Training

LabourInspectorate(Inspection overOSH)

Centers for Industry Safety
Registration

63 Departments of Labour, Invalids anf
Social Affairs in provinces/cities

Centers for Industry Safety
Registration in District

Districts’ Labour DivisionInspection on implementation ofOSH legislative documents
 Amended Labor Code 2002 ended the embodiment of an occupationalphygieneyg
inspectorate and a safety inspectorate, replacing them with the State
Inspectorate of Labor (hereinafter referred to as the Labor Inspectorate), which
is organized under MOLISA and functions to inspect the labor laws, including any
occupational hygiene content.
 Regulations on OSH Inspectorate in the Labour Code No. 10/2012/QH13:
A ti l 237 off LaborArticle
L b CodeC d 2012 definedd fi d theth task
t k off state-levelt t l l laborl b inspectionsiti(task of Department of Labour Inspection, MOLISA): Inspection of theobservance of legal provisions on labor; Investigation of occupational accidents andviolations of occupational safety,safety occupational hygiene; Join guiding application ofthe system of technical standards, regulations on working conditions, occupationalsafety, occupational hygiene...

Inspection on implementation of OSH
legislative documents (cont(cont.))
 Regulations on OH inspection in the Law on Protection of the People
People’ssHealth No. 21-LCT/ HDNN8: Article 48: Organization and Power of theState Inspectorate of Health; Article 49: Inspectorate on Hygiene.
 According to Decree No. 63/2012 / ND-CP of the Government dated 31
Aug, 2012 (currently in effect), the MOH is the state agency for health,i l di occupationalincluding
i l healthh l h andd hygiene
h iandd occupational
i l diseases.
diIn
2013, the MOH established the Department of Legal Inspector (ofEnvironmental Health Management Agency (HEMA)) to perform
specialized inspection functions under the jurisdiction of HEMA.

Occupational Health System
Ministry of Health(Vietnam Health and Environment
Management Agency)

Ministries/Branches(Personnel and Policy Department)- National Institute of Occupatioal and Environmental Health.
Department of Occupational Health in:+ Nha trang Pasteur Institute,+ Ho Chi Minh Hygiene and Public Health Institute,+ Tay Nguyen Epidemiology Institute.

Provincial Health Bureau
In 63 provinces
Occupational Health Division –Provincial Preventive Medicine
Center/Center for worker’s healthprotection and environment

Ministries/Branches
Mii t i /B
h Health
H lth Center
C t(Transportation, Construction, Trade&Industry, Agriculture, Railway
Garment, Aviation, Communication,…)

DISTRICT HEALTH CENTER

COMMUNE HEALTH CENTER

Cooperatives, small andmedium enterprise

Factory,
enterpriseOH Personnel

Distribution of personnel’s by professional levels
Source: OH annual reports (HEMA)

Compensation and allowance
regimes for workers•Social Insurance Law No. 58/2014/QH13 and Health Insurance Law No.
46/2014/QH13 datedd d 13 JuneJ
2014 regulation2014:
l i off insurance
ipoliciesli i andd
compensation for labor accidents and occupational diseases.

•CircularCil
N 10/2003/TT-BLĐTBXH
No.
10/2003/TT BLĐTBXH datedd t d 18 Apr,
A
2003 guiding
idiththeimplementation of compensation and allowance regimes for laborers getting
labor accidents or occupational diseases: Subjects and scope of application;
Compensation regime; Conditions for compensation; Compensation levels.

•Circular No. 04/2015/ TT-BLĐTBXH dated 02 Feb, 2015 of the MOLISA
guiding regulations implementing the regime of compensation and pension
and medical costs from the employer to the work accidents and occupationaldiseases.

•Circular No. 15/2016/TT-BYT dated 15 May, 2016 of the Ministry ofHealth (MOH) listed Compensated Occupational Diseases
34 diseases up to now

Safety of equipment and facilities• Hard hats
• Safety glasses• Ear
E plugslandd muffs
ff• Dust masks and respirators• Work gloves• SafetyS f t bootb t• Safety belt
• Safety vest

Training and Education on OH
 Institutions: National Institute of Occupational and Environmental Healthand 3 regional Institutes in Ho Chi Minh city, Nha Trang & Tay nguyen.
 8 Medical University as Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi school of public
h lth Hohealth,H Chi Minh
Mi h City
Cit Pharmacy
Phandd Medical
M di l University,U i
it Hue,HTh i
ThaiBinh, Hai Phong and Thai Nguyen, Can tho Medical University also havecontributed in to training of occupational health officer for different leveland localities.
 Train OHS for MD, bachelor.
 Retraining OHS practice for MD and others at provincial level andenterprise level.
 Specific training program.
 Non-governmental organisations involing in OSH activities: Vietnam
Association of Occupational Health (VINAOH), Vietnam OccupationalSafety and Health Association (VOSHA).

Training and Education on OH (cont.)
Trainings for OH staffs in the network:
TTYearNo. of classes

No. ofparticipatedunits

No. ofparticipants

1

2011

1,661

6,143

309,994

2

2012

3,396

9,603

426,064

3

2013

1,429

5,577

138,739

4

2014

1,429

5,577

138,7395

2015

2,148,-186,292,

Source: OH annual reports (HEMA - MOH)

Campaign/ Event/National Convention/ Exhibition
 The National Program on Occupational Safety and Hygiene 2011-2015;2016 2020 (for2016-2020(f every fivefi years))
 The programs on health promotion at workplace The programs on provision of Basic Occupational Health Service (BOHS) to
agricultural workers, traditional villages, healthcare workers, miners,
construction workers and workers exposed to chemicals
 National Week on Work Safety and Hygiene – Fire and Explosion Prevention, launching every year.
 Annual Conferences of National Information Network on OccupationalSafety
 The Annual National Scientific Conferences on Occupational andE iEnvironmentall Health.
H lh International Scientific Conferences on Occupational and Environmental
Health were held in Hanoi in 2003,, 2005,, 2009 and 2012.

Challenges
 Vietnam is a developing country,
country in the process of modernization andindustrialization, new and old production technologies, many risk factors
for occupational accident and diseases.
 OSH
OS lawl andd regulations
l ii inisi developingd l i stage.
 Awarenes of employers and employees on OSH law and regulations
enforcement is no high.
 Lack of human resources working in OSH networks
 OSH inspectors is limited both quality and quantity.
 LackL k off equipment
it forfworking
kienvironment
it monitoring
it iandd
occupational disease examination.
 Inspection
pon OSH regulations
genforcement is not strongg

Suggestions
 Completing and supplementing legislative documents on OSH.
 Strengthening capacity for OSH network on human resources andequipment.
equipment Strengthening capacity for inspectors and OSH staffs on quality andqquantity.
y Strengthening OHS training program for employers and employees Strengthening IEC on OSH for society.
 Strengthening inspection on OSH regulations enforcement withstrong coordination from local authorities. Promotion of selfi
inspection
i andd supervisioni i off OSH ini units
i andd businessesb iReferences
 Ministry of Health, Health statistical Yearbook 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014,2015
 Health and Environment Management Agency, Annual Report ofO
Occupationaltil Health
H lth 2011,
2011 2012,2012 2013,2013 2014,2014 2015
 Bureau of Work Safety, MOLISA, Annual Report on Occupational
Accidents 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015
 General Statistics Office, “Reports on population, employment,
distribution of occupations, etc.”, Statistical Yearbook 2011, 2012, 2013,2014 2015,2014,2015 2016
 Social Insurance Agency, Compensation data related to occupational
accidents and diseases.
 Studies and surveys related to OHS, published in the professional journals

THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION !