★★★ ＜第35回知的財産翻訳検定試験【第17回英文和訳】＞ ★★★
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問１．下記の*** START ***, *** END ***の間の英文を日本語に翻訳してください。
[0011] The aluminum to be recycled is melted down in smelting furnaces andcast into various semi-finished products. When aluminum is melted down,
impurities, localized overheating and the oxide layer on the starting materialcause metal losses, aluminum dross. In Germany alone, this results inapproximately 40,000 tons of metal losses per year. *** START ***Aluminum dross consists mainly of aluminum oxide and aluminum. The
metal content of aluminum dross amounts to 50-70%. The aluminum isbound in the Al2O3 framework as in a sponge.
[0012] The aluminum dross floats on the molten pool. At this point, thealuminum dross has an insulating effect and prevents further heat input
into the molten pool. Furthermore, aluminum dross, when sufficient oxygenis available, tends to burn. Thus, for the above reasons, it is necessary toskim the aluminum dross and remove it from the molten pool. Skimming
machines are typically used for skimming. The skimming machine ispositioned in front of the opened melting furnace and a movable arm with ablade moves into the melting furnace. The blade is lightly dipped into themolten pool and the aluminum dross is successively pulled in the direction of
the furnace opening and initially deposited on the furnace barrier (“sill”).
The goal of depositing is to have some of the molten aluminum flow back intothe melting furnace. Subsequently, the aluminum dross is pulled into
buckets in front of the melting furnace. *** END ***問２．下記の*** START ***, *** END ***の間の英文を日本語に翻訳してください。
[0062] In one or more embodiments, a combinatorial approach can provide
parallel (or pseudo-parallel) synthesis of a large number (e.g., tens, hundreds,thousands, etc.) of samples of different material compositions comprised ofmultiple elements (e.g., at least two, such as three or more), thereby saving
tremendous time and effort. In some embodiments, all of the samples (or atleast a subset thereof) can be provided on a common substrate, for example,
for part of the synthesis process (e.g., simultaneous or sequential thermal
shock of each sample spot on the substrate) and/or subsequent screening(e.g., simultaneous or sequential testing of each sample spot on thesubstrate). *** START *** After synthesis, high throughput screening canrapidly acquire data indicative of one or more properties of thesecompositionally different multielement materials (e.g., nanoparticles,nanoclusters, or functional bulk materials). By combining combinatorial
synthesis and high throughput screening, rapid material discovery andexploration in new multielement dimensions becomes possible.
[0063] One or more embodiments can include (a) multielement composition
design, (b) a combinatorial precursor mapping for a large number (e.g., atleast 20, at least 50, at least 100, or at least 1000) of different compositions,(c) thermal shock heating that synthesizes materials with similar structures(e.g., particle size, particle dispersion density, single phase, homogeneous
distribution, etc.) despite otherwise different compositions; and (d) highthroughput screening of compositionally different samples with respect totargeted properties. In some embodiments, the multielement composition
design can comprise selection of particular elements for combination (e.g.,
from a subset of Pt, Pd, Rh, Ru, Ir, Fe, Co, Au, Mn, and Ni) and/or selection of
number of elements per particle (e.g., three elements per particle) or a rangeof number of elements per particle (e.g., in a range of three to eight elements
per particle). *** END ***問３．下記実施例の写真図を参照している説明英文を日本文に翻訳してください。なお、本問ではイメージ画像中の英語(Magnification その他、テキスト形式ではない文言)の翻訳は不要です。
FIGS. 5A-5D further illustrate a comparison of the cell structure of the foam
bubbles of the conventional fire-fighting composition sample, as shown inFIGS. 5A and 5C relative to the foam bubbles of the expandable fire-fighting
composition sample of the disclosure, as shown in FIGS. 5B and 5D. As
shown in the figures, it is noted that the wall thickness of the conventionalfoam bubble appears to be thinner in structure than the fire-fighting
composition of the disclosure's bubbles' wall thickness. In addition, there isalso visible separation between the bubbles of the conventional fire-fighting
composition opposed to the expandable fire-fighting composition bubbles ofthe disclosure, which are much closer and tighter packed together due to theover pressurization (saturation) during the manufacturing process. For
example, as shown in FIG. 5C, the conventional foam sample bubbles appear
next to each other with visible gaps in-between them. In contrast, as shownin FIG. 5D, the expandable firefighting foam composition bubbles of thedisclosure are shown closely and tightly packed together with no visible
separation between them, which was achieved via the manufacturingmethod and system of the disclosure described herein.

問４．下記の英文クレームを日本語に翻訳してください。
1. A method of measuring acetone in a subject's breath, said method
comprising obtaining a sample of the subject's breath; combining said
sample with a fluorophore that exhibits a change in fluorophore spectral
properties upon interaction with acetone and allowing any acetone in said
sample to interact with said fluorophore; and determining an amount ofacetone in said sample based on alteration of spectral properties of said
fluorophore, wherein said acetone being detected directly chemicallyinteracts with the fluorophore and any change in said fluorophore spectral
properties is from the direct chemical interaction of said acetone with said
fluorophore, and wherein the detection does not involve any intermediatechemical reactions of acetone with anything else other than the fluorophore.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the fluorophore is selected from the groupconsisting of Nile Red, Badan (6-Bromoacetyl-2-Dimethylaminonaphthalene),
Prodan(1-[6-(dimethylamino)naphthalen-2-yl]propan-1-one),

Laurdan(6-Dodecanoyl-N,N-dimethyl-2-naphthylamine), and derivatives thereof.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the fluorophore is immobilized on thesurface of a substrate.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein said substrate is selected from the groupconsisting of fused silica, quartz, PMMA, polyethylene, fluoride-doped
polyethylene or PMMA, optical glass and silica gels.