ADRC Peer Review 2010
BANGLADESH

1.

Introduction

ADRC launched the ADRC Peer Review project in 2009 to facilitate mutual learning among
member countries for the purpose of achieving the goals established by the Hyogo Framework for
Action 2005-2015 (HFA). This activity is not intended to be a one-way process, but an interactive
effort that facilitates the sharing of experiences and good practices in disaster risk reduction among
members. Each year's reviews focus on certain themes in accordance with HFA priorities.
The review process starts with the submission of country reports by target countries, which will be
used as background information by reviewer teams. Then, a team of reviewers consisting ofrepresentatives of two other member countries, a disaster management expert, and ADRC staff
members visits to the target countries to conduct surveys and interviews of government ministries
and agencies, NGOs, international organizations, and academic institutions involved in disaster risk
reduction activities. Through their surveys and interviews, the reviewer teams identify the strengths
and weaknesses of the target countries and provide each country with a set of recommendations,which are to be shared with all ADRC member countries.

12.

General Information on Disaster Management in Bangladesh

Bangladesh is located at the innermost end of the funnel of the Bay of Bengal, between 21 and 27
north latitude and 88 and 92.5 east longitude, situated under the tropic of Cancer. Bangladesh isincluded in the Indian monsoon climate and has four obvious seasons: the pre-monsoon from March
to May, monsoon from June to September, post-monsoon in October and November and winter from
December to February. About 70 percent of the annual total precipitation occurs during the monsoon
season. Bangladesh has an area of 144,000 km2 and a population of 150 million, making it one of themost densely populated countries in the world.
Many kinds of natural hazards, such as cyclones, floods, droughts, cold waves and heat waves occur
seasonally all over the country. The most severe disasters include cyclones, which during the
pre-monsoon and post-monsoon seasons, and floods during the monsoon season. The southerncoastal areas along the Bay of Bengal are at the highest risk when cyclones make landfall. The
northern and eastern regions are also susceptible to earthquakes. Severe local tornadoes and fires
also occur throughout the country.

2.1

Disaster Management System

The Ministry of Food and Disaster Management (MoFDM) is the national focal organization fordisaster management in Bangladesh and is comprised of the following three agencies: Disaster
Management Bureau (DMB), Directorate of Relief and Rehabilitation (DRR), and Directorate
General of Food. Other government agencies, such as Fire Services & Civil Defence, Disaster
Emergency Centre of Armed Forces Division, Bangladesh Meteorological Department (BMD),
Bangladesh Water Development Board (BWDB), and Bangladesh Red Crescent Society support theactivities of MoFDM and disaster management committees at all levels.

2.2

Legal System

The Standing Orders on Disasters (SOD) assigns roles and responsibilities to relevant government
agencies as well as to Disaster Management Committees (DMCs) at all levels. It provides ample
scope for government organizations (GO), non government organizations (NGOs) and the private
sector to conduct need-based programs that involve community members. Thirteen committees andspecialized bodies are under the SOD. The enactment of a disaster management law is in progress.

2.3

Planning

The National Plan for Disaster Management 2010-2015 was developed as an outcome of the national
and international commitments of the Government of Bangladesh (GoB) and the Ministry of Foodand Disaster Management (MoFDM) for comprehensively addressing disaster risks. It wasdeveloped on the basis of the GoB Vision and MoFDM mission to reduce the vulnerability of thepoor to the effects of natural, environmental and human induced hazards to a manageable andacceptable humanitarian level by (a) bringing a paradigm shift in disaster management fromconventional response and relief practices to a more comprehensive risk reduction culture and (b)strengthening the capacity of the Bangladesh disaster management system in improving response
and recovery management at all levels.

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3.

Cyclone Preparedness

3.1

General View of Severe Cyclone

Cyclones are the most common threat, occurring every year in the Bay of Bengal (Fig. 1). As shownin Fig. 2, there are two seasons during which cyclones are most prevalent: the end of the
pre-monsoon and the beginning of the monsoon season (May, June and July), and the post-monsoon
season (October and November). The intensity of cyclones in the post-monsoon season is the greaterof the two.
Cyclones frequently make landfall along the coastal areas of Bangladesh as well as the states ofWest Bengal, Orrisa and Andrapradesh in India. A cyclone that made landfall along the southeastern
coast of Bangladesh in 1970 caused a high storm surge (9m) that resulted in 300,000 to 500,000
casualties and extensive damage. This cyclone was the worst natural hazard to hit Bangladesh and isconsidered to be one of events that triggered the movement that led Bangladesh to gain
independence from East Pakistan.
In April 1991, a severe cyclone made landfall along the southeastern coast of Bangladesh, creating ahigh storm surge of 7-8m that caused 140,000 casualties. The lowest air pressure was observed in
Chittagong port, where it was less than 920hPa, and the instantaneous strong winds that resulted
were estimated at more than 60m/s. Cyclone Sidr in 2007 made landfall along the southwestern coastof Bangladesh, killing more than 3,000 people and affecting around 9 million. The Bangladesh
Meteorological Department reported the lowest pressure at less than 944hPa and the highest windspeed at more than 60m/s. The paths of those two cyclones are shown in Fig. 3. While the 1991
cyclone made landfall along the southeastern coast near Chittagong, the second largest city behind
Bangladesh, the 2007 cyclone made landfall further east near Sundarban, which has been awarded
world heritage recognition as home to the largest mangrove forest in the world.
The satellite pictures of these two cyclones are shown in Fig. 4. Both had clear eyes and both had
developed sufficiently prior to making landfall along the coast of Bangladesh. The picture of the1991 cyclone provided by NOAA (USA satellite) has much lower resolution than the high resolution
image of the 2007 cyclone provided by the MT-SAT (Japanese satellite).
Two meteorological radar dishes were installed for the purpose of cyclone watching at Cox’s Bazar
and Khepupara in the coastal areas along the Bay of Bengal in Bangladesh, supported by Japanese! ! Fig. 2 Monthly occurrence of cyclones
in the northern Indian Ocean

Fig. 1 Path of cyclones from 1977 to 2007
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Fig 3. Paths of cyclones in 1997(left) and 2007(right)

ODA from the 1980s (Fig. 5). These radar dishes were very effective for the detection of the
movement of the cyclones in 1991 and 2007. The exact location of the cyclones is identified by theradar echo picture on the PC display, and timely alerts were issued before they made landfall. Those
two radar dishes were recently upgraded with Doppler radar equipment, which can observe windspeed as well as the location of cyclones.
Fig. 6 shows the damaged area in the case of the 2007 Cyclone Sidr. Damage was concentrated in
the southwestern and southern coastal areas of Bangladesh. As shown in Fig. 4, the 1991 cyclone
made landfall along the southeastern coast near Chittagong, the second largest city behind
Bangladesh, and the 2007 cyclone made landfall further east near Sundarban. The area where the2007 cyclone made landfall was less populated than that of the 1991 cyclone. Therefore, the latter
cyclone caused fewer human casualties.

Fig 4. Pictures of cyclones in 1997(left) and 2007(right)
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Bangladesh RADAR• Four RADARdata– Dhaka RADAR
is used mainly• Intensive rawinsonde obs.

Khepupara RADAR

Cox’s Bazar RADAR

Fig. 5 Radar system of the Bangladesh Meteorological
Department

3.2

Fig. 6 Distribution of damaged area at the coast of the
Bay of Bengal in Bangladesh during the 2007 cyclone

Countermeasures to Prepare for Severe Cyclones in Hatiya and Nijumdip

Hatiya and Nijumdip are islands in the Bay of Bengal. The port on Hatiya Island is not welldeveloped and the bank is eroding as shown in Fig. 7. The Cyclone Preparedness Programme (CPP)is operated to notify local residents about cyclones and to issue evacuation instructions. This
voluntary information system is most effective in reducing human damage. The situation is similar
on Nijumdip Island. No coastal embankment has been constructed.
After the 1991 cyclone, many cyclone shelters wereconstructed by the Government of Bangladesh aswell as with the support of many countries anddevelopment partners. Approximately 3,000
cyclone shelters were completed to serve as
multipurpose facilities. These are utilized as schools
and community centers during normal times.
Cyclone shelters are the most effective way to savehuman lives during severe cyclones. However,about 10 % of these shelters will not function
sufficiently because the facilities are old or wornout.

of Hatiya
Islandtop), Preparedness
Fig. 8 Cyclone shelter
in HatiyaAgencies(left), and Fig. 9 Cyclone shelter in
3.3 Fig. 7 Bank
Current
Effortsin (right
Cycloneby Leading
Nijumdip (right)

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Ministry for Food and Disaster Management (MoFDM), Disaster Management and Relief Division(DMRD), Disaster Management Bureau (DMB) and Bangladesh Red Crescent Society
The Cyclone Preparedness Programme (CPP) was established in 1965, with the help of the
Bangladesh Red Crescent Society, to assist the population living in the coastal regions ofBangladesh. The main activities of CPP are the following: to disseminate cyclone warnings to local
residents; to assist people in taking shelter; to rescue victims affected by cyclones, and to provide
first aid to people injured by cyclones. As a very small and poorly equipped unit, CPP did not prove
useful during the cyclone of 1970.
CPP was revitalized in 1972 with a bigger network in the sub-districts and was officially taken overby the government in 1973. Since then, it has been jointly implemented and managed by the
Bangladesh Red Crescent Society and the Government of Bangladesh, with continuing financial andtechnical support from the International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies. Twocommittees were formed: a seven-member policy committee and a 15-member implementation
board.
CPP currently has 159 full-time personnel and over 42,000 trained volunteers in four different levels(2,845 units, 274 unions, 32 upazilas and 6 zones). Volunteers are recruited and trained at the local
level. The public is made aware of hazards through the use of volunteers in the performance of drills
and demonstrations, video presentations, and a publicity campaign using tri-media and drama
staging. Announcements are also made using an extensive network of radio communication facilities
in coastal areas, which are linked to Dhaka, as well as using warning equipment and gear forvolunteers.
Through the Ministry for Food and Disaster Management (MoFDM), the vision of the Governmentof Bangladesh is to reduce the vulnerability of people, especially the poor, to the effects of natural,environmental and human induced hazards to a manageable and acceptable humanitarian level.
The Disaster Management and Relief Division (DMRD) under the Ministry aims to bring a paradigm
shift in disaster management from conventional response and relief to a more comprehensive risk
reduction culture. It also aims to promote food security as an important factor in ensuring theresilience of the community to hazards.
The Disaster Management Bureau (DMB) was established in 1993 as the successor of the Disaster
Coordination and Monitoring Unit in line with the concept of having a specialist disastermanagement unit as per the MoFDM's paradigm shift. The mandate of this bureau is to promote
activities to raise public awareness; to facilitate the preparation of local disaster management actionplans at the union, upazila and district levels; to maintain coordination with departments/agencies,
NGOs, social organizations, and other organizations; to act as a depository of all disastermanagement related information; to maintain an inventory of skilled disaster management personnel;
and to monitor disaster preparedness activities through district administrations and district disastermanagement committees.
Bangladesh Water Development Board (BWDB)
Originally the water division of the East Pakistan Water and Power Development Authority in 1959,
the Bangladesh Water Development Board (BWDB) was created under the Bangladesh Water andPower Development Boards Order 1972 (P.O. No. 59 of 1972) as a fully autonomous organization
responsible for accomplishing the tasks of flood control and the implementation of drainage andirrigation projects. Under the BWDB Act 2000, its functions are to be guided by the National Water
Policy (NWPo) and National Water Management Plan (NWMP).
The top management of the BWDB is now vested in a policy and oversight governing council (GC)
whose 13 members are headed by the Minister of Water Resources.

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Flood Forecasting and Warning Centre (FFWC)
The Flood Forecasting and Warning Centre (FFWC) was established as a permanent entity in Dhaka
in 1972 by the Bangladesh Water Development Board (BWDB) under the Chief Engineer,
Hydrology and Director, Processing & Flood Forecasting.
FFWC operates the “Flood Information Centre” as a focal point for the disaster management of
cyclones and floods. It functions by collecting, processing, and managing real-time data to generate
flood forecast models in order to provide the following information:
1. daily monsoon bulletins and river situation reports,
2. river level forecasts for 24, 48, and 72 hours,
3. current warning messages,
4. local inundation status maps, and5. flood forecast maps.
FFWC utilizes such systems as voice data (HF wireless network, 67 stations), mobile telephones (3stations), a telemetry system (14 stations), satellite imagery (GMS, NOAA-12 & NOAA-14), andonline data from the Bangladesh Meteorological Department, including satellite and rainfall radardata.
Institute of Water Modelling (IWM)
The Institute of Water Modelling (IWM) is a trust formed by the Government of Bangladesh in
December 1986, with its roots tied to United Nations Development Programme-Danish International
Development Agency (UNDP-DANIDA) aided Surface Water Simulation Modelling Program(SWSMP) implemented in 1986-1996. It functions as a Center of Excellence and Learning in thefield of Computational Hydraulics, Water Modelling and Allied Sciences.
IWM offers state-of-the-art services in enhancing the quality of water resources planning andmanagement as well as hydrometric measurements, hydrographic and topographic surveys andmonitoring. It has developed numerical models of rivers, estuaries and bays covering all of
Bangladesh for use in national projects.
Bangladesh Meteorological Department (BMD)
The Bangladesh Meteorological Department (BMD) is the authorized government organization for
all meteorological activities under the Ministry of Defense. BMD maintains the integrated networkof surface weather stations and upper air observatories, radar sites and satellite stations,agro-meteorological observatories, geomagnetic and seismological observatories and themeteorological telecommunication system. Its main activities are the observation of meteorologicalcomponents and the analysis and forecast of weather conditions. BMD maintains 24 hr operational
capabilities for issuing disaster warnings related to cyclones and floods and contributing to the
reduction of serious natural hazards. BMD is comprised of its headquarters and the Storm Warning
Centre (SWC) in Dhaka, as well as the Meteorological & Geo-Physical Centre (M&GC) in
Chittagong.

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4.

Observation and Analysis by Peer Review Team

4.1

Findings

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4.2
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Cyclones and floods are the most serious natural hazards in Bangladesh and the regions at mostrisk extend along the coastal areas facing the Bay of Bengal. The land of Bangladesh consists
mostly of plains and therefore is very prone to flooding.
Disaster management councils/committees exist from the national level to the lowest levels of
the union and village, that is, the levels at which the Cyclone Preparedness Programme (CPP) is
implemented.The CPP is implemented based on the Standing Orders on Disaster (SOD), which
also contains provisions regarding NGOs, the private sector and the community. In the event ofa serious natural hazard, early warning and evacuation orders are issued, and rescue operations
are conducted.
The Disaster Management Bureau (DMB) has technical and scientific partners which are
obviously of great support in database maintenance and research activities regarding inundation
risk mapping and modeling, which are the basis for Disaster Management (DM) planning
programs, especially related to structural measures such as shelters, embankments, polders(low-lying areas enclosed by embankments) and coastal forestation.
The Bangladesh Meteorological Department (BMD), like any other meteorological agency, has
highly technical facilities and plays a significant role in cyclone warning and preparedness.
The Bangladesh Water Development Board (BWDB) is tasked with the governance of theefficient utilization of water, the measurement of the impact of floods, drought, cyclones andground water extraction, the monitoring of future climate change and food security, and theplanning of embankments and polders. A serious problem during and after severe disasters isthe acute scarcity of pure water, but the BWDB is undertaking relevant studies, experiments
and other works in coordination with relevant agencies, with support from fundingorganizations, to provide solutions.
The Institute of Water Modelling (IWM) has been continuously working to carry out storm
surge modeling during severe cyclones for disaster preparedness. Comprehensive disastermanagement programs, including the development of risk maps, are conducted for severe
cyclone and climate change condition.

Positive Aspects
In accordance with the Hyogo Framework for Action, the Ministry of Food and Disaster
Management (MoFDM) and Disaster Management Bureau (DMB) are actively taking steps toimprove implementation for reducing the probable disaster risks to human lives and property in
Bangladesh. Activities include the preparation of hazard maps, distribution of training manuals
on disaster management to stakeholders, and regular publication of a newsletter on disaster
related issues.
The Government of Bangladesh is keen to uphold the continuous professional development of
CPP. An active approach is being taken to support the enhancement of disaster management incooperation with all stakeholders, by forming strong ties with regional and international
relevant organizations and NGOs involved in Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR). Manyorganizations are active in the coastal areas, including NGOs as well as the World Food
Programme (WFP), United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), Bangladesh Red
Crescent Society (BRCS), Asian Disaster Preparedness Center (ADPC), World Bank (WB),
Asia Developing Bank (ADB), Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA), andInternational Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies.
CPP leverages volunteers, NGOs as well as officials from national and local governments forthe purpose of raising awareness and preparedness motivation, and ensuring the safe evacuationof volunteers and the general public.
Warnings issued by BMD trigger actions by the CPP, which disseminates warnings at the
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4.3

community level. CPP volunteers inform residents in rural areas of impending disasters andhelp people evacuate to cyclone shelters.
Community-based approaches, such as using the loudspeakers installed at mosques, are also
playing a vital role.
Members of this peer review team visited Noakhali and Hatia after a long trip from Dhaka andhad the opportunity to interview members of CPP, the local disaster responders. CPP volunteers
are unpaid, and are respected in this area and devoted to their work in disaster reduction.
During normal times, these volunteers give lectures on the lessons of cyclone disasters and theimportance of preparedness, and conduct drills and training for evacuation. They also provide
instruction on evacuation procedures, and activities related to first aid, signaling, shelter, rescue,
food and relief.
Communities have begun implementing resilience-oriented activities without guidance fromhigher or national agencies on what to do for disaster mitigation. People have taken theinitiative in building embankments to prevent saltwater inundations, which will destroy theircrops. This initiative has been in place in Bangladesh and is one of the good practices
implemented by CPP.
As many as 3,000 cyclone shelters have already been constructed in the coastal regions where
they are most needed and many people can evacuate to these shelters in case of cyclones andother disasters.
Cyclone shelters are most effective for saving human lives in high risk zones.
Non-governmental and international organizations, particularly JICA and the Red CrescentSociety, have fully supported the construction of some units, and promote and implement the
program.
More than 7,000 km of coastal embankments, cyclone shelters and afforestation efforts areplaying important roles.
Studies were conducted on the existing cyclone shelters and the water level height of past storm
surges as well as past flooding to ensure the appropriate design of cyclone shelters and higher
buildings.

Challenges Ahead

Structural measures:
Existing embankments need reconstruction and repair. Also there are areas where embankments
and mangrove forests are missing or have not been well developed.
Some cyclone shelters need repair work so they can store necessary equipment and relief goods
as intended.
Houses should be constructed with water and wind resistant design. The foundations of houses
in rural area are too fragile to resist heavy rainfall and strong wind.
Capacity development for relevant agencies:
The relevant and technical agencies are continuously conducting necessary studies to improveareas have been considered priorities of the CPP. It was noted that some agencies have only a
few technical staff, but they are working with what they have to accomplish their tasks.
The predictive capabilities of the Weather Forecasting Division of the BMD needs to be
improved through the addition of technical manpower and equipment, as they are still
conventional in some aspects of their work.
Specifically, local government officials need to increase their skills and knowledge of disasterrisk signals and public awareness needs to be improved. From the standpoint of disastermanagement, DMB is currently implementing projects to mitigate probable disaster risks tohuman lives and property by promoting preparedness, disaster response and mitigation efforts
in Bangladesh. This strong initiative at the national level is an important factor in helping toensure that disaster reduction activities are prioritized at the local level. DMB has a large
mandate and level of responsibility and thus should be further capacitated to accomplish its
9mission.

Operation and documentation:
Warning information is reaching the grassroots volunteers, but there may be a need to explore
other telecommunication capability to improve dissemination of disaster warnings.
Past major disasters might be subject to an examination of the lessons learned by concerned
stakeholders so that those stakeholders can learn what was done well and what was done poorly
during those disasters, thereby providing reference material for the DMB and DRM community.
The emergency operation center (EOC) should be kept open on a non-stop basis. Local
authorities should be instructed in the assessment of loss and damage and relief requirements.

4.4

Suggestions and Recommendations

Structural measures:More cyclone shelters are necessary. Present cyclone shelters are not distributed sufficiently for
local residents to evacuate. Smaller scale cyclone shelters should be built in a much more dense
distribution in the local area.
Reinforcement of embankment river lines and coastal regions is necessary in the important
areas, but not in all fluvial and coastal areas. Furthermore, new embankments need to beconstructed.
New afforestation and forest maintenance measures are necessary. Mangrove forests in the Bayof Bengal are important as natural embankments that protect the shore from storm surge. Someembankment areas need to be planted with mangroves. Many cyclone shelters and community
volunteers are involved in cyclone preparedness programs in coastal areas.
Institutionalization:
Enactment of the DM Law. Priority should be given to advocacy involving all stakeholders topush for the passage of the DM Law.
Instead of only DM, Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) is suggested in view of the paradigm shift
from response, which is reactive, to risk reduction (prevention and mitigation) which isproactive. The DRR program is also related to climate change.
Establishment of an emergency communication system. Communication systems to ensure
early warnings of natural hazards can be promoted using mobile phones, which are populareven in rural Bangladesh.
Regular review and revision/updating of Standard Operating Procedures (SOP) in manning ofOperations Centers, as well as contingency plans and other operational tools related to
DM/Disaster Risk Reduction Management (DRRM).
The government should have flagship disaster management projects, especially those involving
multiple agencies which might easily get funding from international organizations.
It is necessary to reinforce the network of all DRR institutions and promote coordination andinformation-sharing among them to ensure a common understanding of SOP visions and avoid
overlap.
Capacity development:
There is a need to promote human resource development in all agencies in order to increase
their capacity and expertise in using state-of-the art DRR tools and methods.
Conduct regular disaster drills and exercises including table top exercises covering the issuanceof warnings, receipt of those warnings by DM officials, and the timeliness of the reaction ofdisaster response teams, to learn where the gaps are and where improvements are needed.
Operation:
Identify and propose projects based on the DM framework involving all stakeholders and in10

consideration of the problems facing CPP agencies, such as the need for equipment repairs, lackof technical personnel, the need for capacity building and training, deteriorating state of cyclone
shelters and a lack of state-of-the-art facilities for accurate warnings.
Documentation:
There should be complete documentation of disaster incidents that can be used as referencematerial during reviews by stakeholders. This is being done by disaster prone countries andmay be of some help to disaster managers.
Maintenance of databases is also suggested. These may already be available to some agencies
but the DMB should be a repository of all DM and DRR related information.

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5.

Appendix

Overview of Peer Review Mission to Bangladesh
Members(1) Counterparts in Bangladesh
Mr. Mohammad Abdul Wazed, Joint Secretary, Ministry of Food & Disaster Management
Mr. Mohammad Abu Sadeque, Director (Planning & Training), Disaster Management Bureau(2) Reviewer Team to Bangladesh
Dr. Taiichi Hayashi, Associate Professor, Disaster Prevention Research Institute, Kyoto
University
Ms. Crispina B. Abat, Chief, Plans and Program Division/ Chief, NDCC TMG Secretariat,
Office of Civil Defense, Department of National Defense, Government of the Philippines
Mr. San Kung, Superintendent/ Assistant Staff Officer, International Relation Division, Relief
and Resettlement Department, Ministry of Social Welfare, Government of the Union of
MyanmarMs. Yumi Shiomi, Researcher, Asian Disaster Reduction Center (ADRC)

Survey Period
12-16 December 2010

Visited Organizations, Officers and Sites
1) Disaster Management and Relief Division
Mr. Mohammad Abdul Wazed, Joint Secretary, Disaster Management & Relief Division,
Ministry of Food & Disaster Management
Mr. Mohammad Munir Chowdhury, Deputy Secretary, Ministry of Food & Disaster
Management
2) Disaster Management Bureau (DMB)
Mr. Mohammad Abu Sadeque, Director (Planning & Training), Disaster Management
Bureau3) Bangladesh Meteorological Department (BMD)
Ms. Arjumand Habib, Director
Mr. Soshi Iwata, Certified Weather Forecaster, Disaster Prevention Department,
Japan Weather Association4) Flood Forecasting and Warning Centre (FFWC), Bangladesh Water Development Board(BWDB)Mr. Mohammad A. Wadud Bhuiyan, Chief Planning
Mr. Mohammad Sarafat Hossai Khan, Executive Engineer5) Institute of Water Modeling (IWM)
Mr. Abu Saleh Khan, Deputy Executive Director
Mr. Zahir-ur Haque Khan, Director, Coast Port Management Division
Mr. Manjur amurshed Zahid Ahmed, Senior Specialist, CPE Division
6) Cyclone Preparedness Programme (CPP) Head Office, Bangladesh Red Crescent Society
Mr. Mohammad Abdul Ahad, Director (Admin.)7) CPP, embankment, cyclone shelters, afforestation in Noakhali
CPP leaders and volunteers8) Upazila Management Committee, CPP, embankment, cyclone shelters, afforestation in Hatia
and Nijumdip
CPP leaders and volunteers

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