Please refer to the definition file.

79

80

1. The man running naked in front of the school was arrested.
2. An aggressive businessman won the award.
3. The man went into the store armed with a baseball bat.
4. They say blonde people have more fun.
5. My teacher is strict.
6. She shares an office with a foreign lady.
7. He is an intelligent man.
8. The dog looked so keen to have a walk.
9. It wasn’t a big apartment but it was decent for her.
10. It was a dumb decision to drive after drinking.
11. The victim was really angry with the thief.
12. I had a normal childhood.

81

1. The children are scared.
2. The children are scared because of a man.
3. The children are scared because of a man who came to school.
4. The children are scared because of a man who came to school naked.
5. The children are scared because of a man who came to school naked andarmed.
6. The children are scared because of a man who came to school naked, armed,
and aggressive.

82

1. The girl has hair. Repeat.
2. The girl has hair. Add: blonde. --- [The girl has blonde hair.]
3. The girl has blonde hair. Add: brown eyes. --- [The girl has blonde hair andbrown eyes.]
4. The girl has blonde hair and brown eyes. Add: is intelligent. --- [The girl has
blonde hair, brown eyes and is intelligent.]
5. The girl has blonde hair, brown eyes and is intelligent. Add: keen. --- [The girlhas blonde hair, brown eyes and is intelligent and keen.]
6. The girl has blonde hair, brown eyes and is intelligent and keen. Add: to work.
--- [The girl has blonde hair, brown eyes, is intelligent and keen to work.]
7. The girl has blonde hair, brown eyes and is intelligent and keen to work. Add:at the center. --- [The girl has blonde hair, brown eyes, is intelligent and keen towork at the center.]83

1. I’m scared of strict professors. Add: not. --- [I’m not scared of strict
professors.]
2. There was a foreign object in her stomach. Change: objects. --- [There were
foreign objects in her stomach.]
3. Animals are dumb. Add: some. --- [Some animals are dumb.]
4. Somebody stole her wallet so the victim went to the police station. Change:
bag. --- [Somebody stole her bag so the victim went to the police station.]
5. I ate a decent meal at home yesterday. Change: restaurant. --- [I ate a decent
meal at a restaurant yesterday.]
6. It was my childhood dream to become a doctor. Change: nurse. --- [It was mychildhood dream to become a nurse.]
7. She badly wanted to be blonde. Change: an actress. --- [She badly wanted to
be an actress.]
8. You have to study to be intelligent. Change: wise. --- [You have to study to be
wise.]

84

1. There is an aggressive gorilla in the zoo. Repeat.
2. Change: are, dumb. --- [There are dumb gorillas in the zoo.]
3. Change: signs, store. --- [There are dumb signs in the store.]
4. Change: foreign, train station. --- [There are foreign signs in the train station.]
5. Change: guy, supermarket. --- [There is a foreign guy in the supermarket.]
6. Change: blonde, hospital. --- [There is a blonde guy in the hospital.]
7. Change: some, aggressive. --- [There are some aggressive guys in thehospital.]85

[1. The radio my dad owns blew up because it had been placed near the stove. ⤵][2. What did he do with my computer files? ⤵][3. The carpenters built a wooden fence around the cottage. ⤵][4. She was a marvelous but incredible dull girl when she was young. ⤵]86

[5. The children are scared because of a man who came to school naked, armed, andaggressive. ⤵][6. Luckily, my panic attack at the law firm was not very bad so I was able to ride my
motorbike. ⤵][7. Henry takes care of his sister the most frequently and the most gently.
Stella does it too, although more rarely and only when grandpa isn’t there. ⤵]87

1. An aggressive person is very scary. Repeat.
2. An aggressive person is very scary. Transform: past simple. --- [Anaggressive person was very scary.]
3. An aggressive person was very scary. Add: armed. --- [An aggressive, armed
person was very scary.]
4. An aggressive, armed person was very scary. Change: intelligent. --- [Anintelligent, armed person was very scary.]
5. An intelligent, armed person was very scary. Change: criminal. --- [Anintelligent, armed criminal was very scary.]
6. An intelligent, armed criminal was very scary. Change: dumb. --- [A dumb,
armed criminal was very scary.]
7. A dumb, armed criminal was very scary. Change: even more. --- [A dumb,
armed criminal was even more scary.]
8. A dumb, armed criminal was even more scary. Transform: present simple. [Adumb, armed criminal is even more scary.]88

1. I watched a foreign news program last night. Repeat.
2. I watched a foreign news program last night. Transform: when. --- [When did I
watch a foreign news program?]
3. Our mother was scary when we were little because she was so strict. Repeat.
4. Our mother was scary when we were little because she was so strict.
Transform: why. --- [Why was our mother scary when we were little?]
5. She learns fast by being a keen observer. Repeat.
6. She learns fast by being a keen observer. Transform: how. ---[How does shelearn fast?]
7. I feel sorry for the victim. Repeat.
8. I feel sorry for the victim. Transform: who. --- [Who do I feel sorry for?]89

9. I armed myself with a stick. Repeat.
10. I armed myself with a stick. Transform: what. --- [What did I arm myself with?]
11. The half-naked model is on the billboard. Repeat.
12. The half-naked model is on the billboard. Transform: where. --- [Where is thehalf-naked model?]13. She put bleach in her hair to make it blonde. Repeat.
14. She put bleach in her hair to make it blonde. Transform: how. --- [How did
she make her hair blonde?]
15. The price of the furniture is decent enough for its quality. Repeat.
16. The price of the furniture is decent enough for its quality. Transform: what. -- [What is decent enough for its quality?]90

1. Do you think dogs are intelligent?
2. Was your mother strict?
3. Have you seen an armed man?
4. Why are some animals aggressive?
5. Describe your childhood.
6. Do all crime victims go to the police station?
7. Do you have a foreign friend?

91

92

93

94

95

96

97

[1. The radio my dad owns blew up | because it had been placed near thestove.⤵][2. What did he do with my computer files? ⤵][3. The carpenters built a wooden fence around the cottage.⤵][4. She was a marvelous | but incredibly dull girl when she was young.⤵]98

[5. The children are scared | because of a man who came to school naked, |armed | and aggressive.⤵][6. Luckily, | my panic attack at the law firm was not very bad | so I was able toride my motorbike.⤵][7. Henry takes care of his sister the most frequently and the most gently.⤵ |Stella does it too, | although more rarely | and only when grandpa isn’t there.⤵]99

1. She just came back from the nature reserve.
2. She just came back from the animal reserve.
3. She just came back from the beach resort.
4. They just came back from the beach resort.
5. They just came back from the film institute.
6. They visited the hospital wing.
7. We visited the health department.
8. We visited the law firm.
9. We called the law firm.
10. We called the product manufacturer.

100

1. Marie owns a fancy car. Repeat.
2. Marie owns a fancy car. Change: Ana, house. --- [Ana owns a fancy house.]
3. Ana owns a fancy house. Change: made, cake. --- [Ana made a fancy cake.]
4. Ana made a fancy cake. Change: Sheila, marvelous. --- [Sheila made amarvelous cake.]
5. Sheila made a marvelous cake. Change: bought, dresser. --- [Sheila bought amarvelous dresser]
6. Sheila bought a marvelous dresser. Change: saw, movie. --- [Sheila saw amarvelous movie.]
7. Sheila saw a marvelous movie. Change: watched, fantastic. --- [Sheila
watched a fantastic movie.]101

1. I was given a fancy toy.
2. I was given a fancy and very detailed toy.
3. I was given a fancy, very detailed, but complex toy.
4. I was given a fancy, very detailed, but complex toy by my older brother.
5. I was given a fancy, very detailed, but complex toy by my unbelievable older
brother.

102

1. The health department needs a new employee. Repeat.
2. The health department needs a new employee. Change: manager. --- [Thehealth department needs a new manager.]
3. The health department needs a new manager. Change: sports. --- [The sports
department needs a new manager.]
4. The sports department needs a new manager. Change: athlete. --- [The sports
department needs a new athlete.]
5. The sports department needs a new athlete. Change: institute. --- [The sports
institute needs a new athlete.]
6. The sports institute needs a new athlete. Change: teacher. --- [The sports
institute needs a new teacher.]103

7. The sports institute needs a new teacher. Change: language. --- [Thelanguage institute needs a new teacher.]
8. The language institute needs a new teacher. Change: law. --- [The law
institute needs a new teacher.]
9. The law institute needs a new teacher. Change: lawyer. --- [The law instituteneeds a new lawyer.]
10. The law institute needs a new lawyer. Change: rule. --- [The law instituteneeds a new rule.]
11. The law institute needs a new rule. Change: has. --- [The law institute has a
new rule.]
12. The law institute has a new rule. Change: firm. --- [The law firm has a newrule.]
13. The law firm has a new rule. Change: partner. --- [The law firm has a newpartner.]104

1. I don’t know what hospital ward she is in. Repeat.
2. Change: she, works. --- [She doesn’t know what hospital ward she works in.]
3. Change: he, knows. --- [He knows what hospital ward she works in.]
4. Change: they, nature reserve. --- [They know what nature reserve she works
in.]
5. Change: animal, volunteers. --- [They know what animal reserve she
volunteers in.]
6. Change: Alma, shelter. --- [Alma knows what animal shelter she volunteers in.]
7. Change: learned, homeless. --- [Alma learned what homeless shelter she
volunteers in.]105

1. The children are scared.
2. The children are scared because of a man.
3. The children are scared because of a man who came to school.
4. The children are scared because of a man who came to school naked.
5. The children are scared because of a man who came to school naked andarmed.
6. The children are scared because of a man who came to school naked, armed,
and aggressive.

106

1. I’m scared of strict professors. Add: not. --- [I’m not scared of strict
professors.]
2. There was a foreign object in her stomach. Change: objects. --- [There were
foreign objects in her stomach.]
3. Animals are dumb. Add: some. [Some animals are dumb.]
4. Somebody stole her wallet so the victim went to the police station. Change:
bag. --- [Somebody stole her bag so the victim went to the police station.]
5. I ate a decent meal at home yesterday. Change: restaurant. --- [I ate a decent
meal at a restaurant yesterday.]
6. It was my childhood dream to become a doctor. Change: nurse. --- [It was mychildhood dream to become a nurse.]
7. She badly wanted to be blonde. Change: an actress. --- [She badly wanted to
be an actress.]
8. You have to study to be intelligent. Change: wise. --- [You have to study to be
wise.]

107

1. I watched a foreign news program last night. Repeat.
2. I watched a foreign news program last night. Transform: when. --- [When did I
watch a foreign news program?]
3. Our mother was scary when we were little because she was so strict. Repeat.
4. Our mother was scary when we were little because she was so strict.
Transform: why. --- [Why was our mother scary when we were little?]
5. She learns fast by being a keen observer. Repeat.
6. She learns fast by being a keen observer. Transform: how. --- [How does shelearn fast?]
7. I feel sorry for the victim. Repeat.
8. I feel sorry for the victim. Transform: who. --- [Who do I feel sorry for?]108

9. I armed myself with a stick. Repeat.
10. I armed myself with a stick. Transform: what. --- [What did I arm myself with?]
11. The half-naked model is on the billboard. Repeat.
12. The half-naked model is on the billboard. Transform: where. --- [Where is thehalf-naked model?]13. She put bleach in her hair to make it blonde. Repeat.
14. She put bleach in her hair to make it blonde. Transform: how. --- [How did
she make her hair blonde?]109

1. Do you think dogs are intelligent?
2. Was your mother strict?
3. Have you seen an armed man?
4. Why are some animals aggressive?
5. Describe your childhood.
6. Do all crime victims go to the police station?
7. Do you have a foreign friend?

1101. The complex house design was impressive. Repeat.
2. Change: detailed, building. --- [The detailed building design was impressive.]
3. Change: road, confusing. --- [The detailed road design was confusing.]
4. Change: is, fascinating. --- [The detailed road design is fascinating.]
5. Change: plan, remarkable. --- [The detailed road plan is remarkable.]
6. Change: unfortunate, ridiculed. --- [The unfortunate road plan is ridiculed.]
7. Change: complex, rubbish. --- [The complex road plan is rubbish.]111

1. He left the beach resort yesterday. Change: today --- [He left the beach resort
today.]
2. She was a marvelous but unfortunately dull girl. Change: incredibly --- [Shewas a marvelous but incredibly dull girl.]
3. An aggressive armed person was very scary. Change: intelligent --- [Anintelligent armed person was very scary.]
4. The film institute building is huge and elegant. Change: language --- [Thelanguage institute building is huge and elegant.]
5. She was a complex but incredibly dull girl when she was young. Change:
intense --- [She was a complex but incredibly intense girl when she was young.]
6. She badly wanted to be blonde. Change: an actress --- [She badly wanted to
be an actress.]

112

Some adjectives can be used as nouns when used with the article ‘the’. This
happens when a phrase like ‘the deaf people’ simply becomes ‘the deaf’, theadjective becomes a noun. These adjectives used as nouns are plural in form
and take plural verbs.
Ex.: The deaf have their own special language to communicate. / The rich pay a
big tax to the government.
American, English and Canadian can be both nouns and adjectives. Their pluralform is always a noun but their singular form can be either an adjective or anoun.
Ex.: The Koreans have colorful national costumes. The
Korean dishes in the restaurant are spicy. Other cases:
the + adjective
Ex.: The more, the merrier. / The more, the better. / My brother is the youngest
and I’m the oldest.

113

1. The blind use canes to safely walk the streets.
2. Many people in many countries do not like the wealthy.
3. The meek are easily bullied.
4. The young are the future of the nation.
5. The local government should do something for the unemployed.
6. Hospitals should take care of the sick properly.
7. The poor are said to be happier than the rich.
8. He can speak to the deaf because he knows sign language.
9. The Americans will climb the mountain.
10. We want to sit with the Koreans.

114

1. The blind cannot play.
2. The blind cannot play with the deaf.
3. The blind cannot play with the deaf and the injured.
4. The blind cannot play with the deaf, the injured, and the sick.
5. The blind cannot play with the deaf, the injured, and the sick but can talk.
6. The blind cannot play with the deaf, the injured, and the sick but can talk withthe meek.
7. The blind cannot play with the deaf, the injured, and the sick but can talk withthe meek and the old.

115

1. I looked after the sick.
2. I looked after the injured.
4. I looked after the disabled.
5. We looked after the disabled.
6. We looked after the old.
7. We looked after the deaf.
8. We ran after the deaf.
9. We ran after the young.
10. We ran after the meek.

116

1. The elderly need assistance from the government. Repeat.
2. The elderly need assistance from the government. Change: jobless, want. --[The jobless want assistance from the government.]
3. The jobless want assistance from the government. Change: sick, help. --[The sick want help from the government.]
4. The sick want help from the government. Change: deaf, school. --- [The deaf
want help from the school.]
5. The deaf want help from the school. Change: rich, demand. --- [The richdemand help from the school.]
6. The rich demand help from the school. Change: Koreans, embassy. --- [TheKoreans demand help from the embassy.]
7. The Koreans demand help from the embassy. Change: Chinese, answers. --[The Chinese demand answers from the embassy.]117

1. The poor have very simple lives. Repeat.
2. Change: rich, extravagant. --- [The rich have very extravagant lives.]
3. Change: intelligent, creative. --- [The intelligent have very creative lives.]
4. Change: unemployed, hard. --- [The unemployed have very hard lives.]
5. Change: old, relaxed. --- [The old have very relaxed lives.]
6. Change: young, carefree. --- [The young have very carefree lives.]
7. Change: injured, careful. --- [The injured have very careful lives.]118

1. frames
2. ward
3. law firm
4. film
5. clothes shop
6. prison
7. ridiculous
8. fur
9. dumb
10. deceased
11. orchestra
12. accused1191. They visited the old and the young in the hospital. Change: we. --- [We visitedthe old and the young in the hospital.]
2. The Americans ate at the restaurant. Change: Japanese. --- [The Japanese ateat the restaurant.]
3. We immediately buried the deceased. Change: reported. --- [We immediately
reported the deceased.]
4. The unemployed are very eager to apply. Change: jobless. --- [The jobless arevery eager to apply.]
5. The blind form an orchestra. Change: band. --- [The blind form a band.]6. The rich shop in this mall. Change: supermarket. --- [The rich shop in thissupermarket.]
7. The accused appealed in court for another trial. Change: chance. --- [Theaccused appealed in court for another chance.]
8. We have to be careful in transporting the injured. Change: transferring. --[We have to be careful in transferring the injured.]120

1. Are the Americans in America? --- [Yes, the Americans are in America.]
2. Are the Japanese Asians? --- [Yes, the Japanese are Asians.]
3. Is the Korean fair? --- [Yes, the Korean is fair.]
4. Are the Koreans fair? --- [Yes, the Koreans are fair.]
5. Are the Canadians nice? --- [Yes, the Canadians are nice.]
6. Do the rich have a lot of money? --- [Yes, the rich have a lot of money.]
7. Is the deceased alive? --- [No, the deceased isn’t alive.]
8. Do the unemployed work? --- [No, the unemployed don’t work.]121[1. The alpha gorilla is the oldest while the baby is the youngest.][2. You take the first train, I’ll take the second.][3. The more food, the better.][4. The milk carton is the smallest package in the fridge while the cake box isthe biggest.]

122

Please refer to the definition file.

123

124

1. Everybody wants to have long-term relationships with other people.
2. He inherited a substantial amount of money from his grandpa.
3. We had a technical problem at work today.
4. An unknown person sent her a package.
5. His explanation was vague so we didn’t totally understand it.
6. My sister thought her new ear piercing was not visible.
7. Those who suffer from severe psychological conditions have to be admitted.
8. He has a rare skin condition.
9. Annie doesn’t go out a lot because she has sensitive skin.
10. Kids have such genuine laughter.
11. The inner part of the jacket has to be replaced.
12. We studied the internal organs of the human body.

125

1. The problem has a long-term effect.
2. The problem has a substantial effect.
3. The problem has a visible effect.
4. The medicine has a visible effect.
5. The medicine has a vague effect.
6. The medicine has a psychological effect.
7. The accident has a psychological effect.
8. The accident has a psychological result.

126

1. She said we are going to talk about a sensitive issue.
2. She said we are going to meet about a technical issue.
3. My boss said we are going to meet about a technical issue.
4. My boss said we are going to meet about an internal issue.
5. My mum said we have to talk about an internal issue.
6. My dad said we have to talk about a genuine concern.
7. My counselor said I have to talk about my concerns.

1271. It is rare for her to be late. Repeat.
2. It is rare for her to be late. Transform: what. --- [What is rare for her to do?]3. I had to stop taking medicine because it has long-term side effects. Repeat.
4. I had to stop taking medicine because it has long-term side effects.
Transform: why. --- [Why did I have to stop taking medicine?]
5. The lawyer has substantial evidence against the accused. Repeat.
6. The lawyer has substantial evidence against the accused. Transform: who. --[Who has substantial evidence against the accused?]
7. She doesn’t know how to solve a technical problem. Repeat.
8. She doesn’t know how to solve a technical problem. Transform: who. --[Who doesn’t know how to solve a technical problem?]1289. It is hard to solve this issue because the cause is unknown. Repeat.
10. It is hard to solve this issue because the cause is unknown. Transform: why.
--- [Why is it hard to solve this issue?]
11. She felt a vague feeling of happiness when she saw him yesterday. Repeat.
12. She felt a vague feeling of happiness when she saw him yesterday.
Transform: what. --- [What did she feel when she saw him yesterday?]
13. I got visible scars from a car accident. Repeat.
14. I got visible scars from a car accident. Transform: where. --- [Where did she
get visible scars?]
15. My skin started to become overly sensitive last month. Repeat.
16. My skin started to become overly sensitive last month. Transform: when. --[When did my skin start to become overly sensitive?]1291. It started with a vague matter. Repeat.
2. It started with a vague matter. Add: but visible. --- [It started with a vague but
visible matter.]
3. It started with a vague but visible matter. Add: substantial. --- [It started with avague but visible substantial matter.]
4. It started with a vague but visible substantial matter. Add: which is
psychological. --- [It started with a vague but visible substantial matter which is
psychological.]
5. It started with a vague but visible substantial matter which is psychological.
Add: in origin. --- [It started with a vague but visible substantial matter which is
psychological in origin.]130

1. Jenna has some inner struggles. Change: no. --- [Jenna has no inner
struggles.]2. I was touched by their genuine concern. Change: they. --- [They were touchedby their genuine concern.]
3. She likes to wear rare jewelry. Change: gold. --- [She likes to wear gold
jewelry.]
4. The manager wants to keep the internal conflicts a secret. Change: president.
--- [The president wants to keep the internal conflicts a secret.]
5. I have to make a long-term goal. Change: short. --- [I have to make a shortterm goal.]
6. We often use technical terms. Add: non-. --- [We often use non-technicalterms.]
7. The story was set in an unknown country. Change: movie. --- [The movie wasset in an unknown country.]131

1. Is it rare to feel cold in summer? Yes, it’s … --- [Yes, it’s rare to feel cold insummer.]2. Are you sensitive to the smell of food? Yes/No, I’m ... --- [Yes/No, I’m
sensitive to the smell of food.]
3. Is genuine leather expensive? Yes, … --- [Yes, genuine leather is expensive.]
4. Can you touch your inner ear? No, I can’t … --- [No, I can’t touch my innerear.]
5. Do you wash the internal part of your bag? Yes/No, I … --- [Yes/No, I
wash the internal part of my bag.]
6. Is it hard to cure psychological disorders? Yes, it’s... --- [Yes, it’s... hard tocure psychological disorders.]132

1. Do you accept gifts from an unknown person?
2. Do you have sensitive skin?
3. Do you like genuine people?
4. Do you agree that drinking medicine has a psychological effect?
5. Is it rare for you to be late?
6. Do you have a long-term goal?

133

Please refer to the definition file.

134

135

1. You need to be patient when baking.
2. She was ashamed of her behavior last night.
3. I am a professional baseball player.
4. The dog was frightened of the noise.
5. We were grateful to be alive after that storm.
6. You need to buy a sensible pair of shoes because you will be standing a lot.
7. He finally reported his violent father to the authorities.
8. You should feel guilty for not going to the reunion.
9. It is normal to feel nervous on your first day of work.
10. I was awake the whole night.
11. She felt a sharp pain in her side while jogging.
12. We are fortunate to have lovely parents.

136

1. I am patient.
2. I am ashamed.
4. I was ashamed.
5. He was ashamed.
6. He was professional.
7. He was frightened.
8. They were frightened.
9. They were violent.
10. We were violent.
11. We were guilty.

137

1. I was awake.
2. I was awake the whole night.
3. I was awake the whole night because I was nervous.
4. I was awake the whole night because I was nervous about the program.
5. I was awake the whole night because I was nervous about the program today.

1381. He was a sensible and sharp student. Repeat.
2. He was a sensible and sharp student. Change: she, police officer. [She was asensible and sharp police officer.]
3. She was a sensible and sharp police officer. Change: patient, dog. [She was apatient and sharp dog.]
4. She was a patient and sharp dog. Change: violent, nervous. [She was aviolent and nervous dog.]
5. She was a violent and nervous dog. Change: they, robbers. [They were
violent and nervous robbers.]
6. They were violent and nervous robbers. Change: awake, kids. [They were
awake and nervous kids.]
7. They were awake and nervous kids. Change: we, frightened. [We were awake
and frightened kids.]1391. reserve
2. manufacturer
3. unbelievable
4. institute
5. extravagant
6. psychological
7. substantial
8. ashamed1401. I am grateful. Repeat.
2. Add: for the help. --- [I am grateful for the help.]
3. Add: because I was very nervous. --- [I am grateful for the help because I wasvery nervous.]
4. Add: and I’m fortunate. --- [I am grateful for the help because I was very
nervous and I’m fortunate.]
5. Add: to have professional people. --- [I am grateful for the help because I wasvery nervous and I’m fortunate to have professional people.]
6. Add: to help me. --- [I am grateful for the help because I was very nervous andI’m fortunate to have professional people to help ]me.

141

1. I am ashamed to admit my mistake. Add: not. --- [I am not ashamed to admit
my mistake.]
2. I ate a lot of chocolates and now I feel guilty. Change: dizzy. --- [I ate lots ofchocolate and now I feel dizzy.]
3. You need to take a sharp turn to the left after one kilometer. Change: two. --[You need to take a sharp turn to the left after two kilometers.]
4. She was fortunate to have them as friends. Change: unfortunate. --- [She wasunfortunate to have them as friends.]
5. I have to buy sensible clothes for winter. Change: need. --- [I need to buy
sensible clothes for winter.]
6. I’m fully awake now after drinking a cup of coffee. Change: two. --- [I’m fully
awake now after drinking two cups of coffee.]
7. Drunk people can be violent. Change: dangerous. --- [Drunk people can be
dangerous.]142

1. John is grateful to those who helped him. Repeat.
2. John is grateful to those who helped him. Transform: who. [Who is grateful tothose who helped him?]
3. The thunder frightened the dog. Repeat.
4. The thunder frightened the dog. Transform: what. [What frightened the dog?]
5. I know the pictures are good for I hired a professional photographer. Repeat.
6. I know the pictures are good for I hired a professional photographer.
Transform: why. [Why are the pictures good?]
7. He was patient at the hospital yesterday. Repeat.
8. He was patient at the hospital yesterday. Transform: when. [When was hepatient at the hospital?]143

9. She is guilty of a crime. Repeat.
10. She is guilty of a crime. Transform: not. [She is not guilty of a crime.]
11. The girl is ashamed to use her old bag at school. Repeat.
12. The girl is ashamed to use her old bag at school. Transform: what. [What is
the girl ashamed of using at school?]
13. We feel fortunate to be able to go to the Olympics. Repeat.
14. We feel fortunate to be able to go to the Olympics. Transform: where.
[Where do we feel fortunate to be able to go?]144

1. Are you still awake at 12 midnight?
2. What are you grateful for?
3. Are you patient?
4. Is it sensible to buy winter clothes in summer? Why or why not?
5. Do you feel guilty if you’re late for work? If yes, why?
6. Have you witnessed a man being violent?
7. What makes you nervous?
8. Can you name me a professional athlete?

145

146

147

148

149

150

151

1. The blind cannot play.
2. The blind cannot play with the deaf.
3. The blind cannot play with the deaf and the injured.
4. The blind cannot play with the deaf, the injured and the sick.
5. The blind cannot play with the deaf, the injured and the sick but can talk.
6. The blind cannot play with the deaf, the injured and the sick but can talk withthe meek.
7. The blind cannot play with the deaf, the injured and the sick but can talk withthe meek and the old.

152

1. They visited the old and the young in the hospital. Change: we. --- [We visitedthe old and the young in the hospital.]
2. The Americans ate at the restaurant. Change: Japanese. --- [The Japanese ateat the restaurant.]
3. We immediately buried the deceased. Change: reported. --- [We immediately
reported the deceased.]
4. The unemployed are very eager to apply. Change: jobless. --- [The jobless arevery eager to apply.]
5. The blind form an orchestra. Change: band. --- [The blind form a band.]6. The rich shop in this mall. Change: supermarket. --- [The rich shop in thissupermarket.]
7. The accused appealed in court for another trial. Change: chance. --- [Theaccused appealed in court for another chance.]
8. We have to be careful in transporting the injured. Change: transferring. --[We have to be careful in transferring the injured.]1531. reserve
2. manufacturer
3. unbelievable
4. institute
5. extravagant
6. psychological
7. substantial
8. ashamed1541. The problem has a long-term effect.
2. The problem has a substantial effect.
3. The problem has a visible effect.
4. The medicine has a visible effect.
5. The medicine has a vague effect.
6. The medicine has a psychological effect.
7. The accident has a psychological effect.
8. The accident has a psychological result.

1551. It started with a vague matter. Repeat.
2. It started with a vague matter. Add: but visible --- [It started with a vague but
visible matter.]
3. It started with a vague but visible matter. Add: substantial. --- [It started with avague but visible substantial matter.]
4. It started with a vague but visible substantial matter. Add: which is
psychological. --- [It started with a vague but visible substantial matter which is
psychological.]
5. It started with a vague but visible substantial matter which is psychological.
Add: in origin. --- [It started with a vague but visible substantial matter which is
psychological in origin.]156

1. frames
2. ward
3. law firm
4. film
5. clothes shop
6. prison
7. ridiculous
8. fur
9. dumb
10. deceased
11. orchestra
12. accused157

1. The poor have very simple lives. Repeat.
2. Change: rich, extravagant. --- [The rich have very extravagant lives.]
3. Change: intelligent, creative. --- [The intelligent have very creative lives.]
4. Change: unemployed, hard. --- [The unemployed have very hard lives.]
5. Change: old, relaxed. --- [The old have very relaxed lives.]
6. Change: young, carefree. --- [The young have very carefree lives.]
7. Change: injured, careful. --- [The injured have very careful lives.]158

1. I am patient.
2. I am ashamed.
3. I was ashamed.
4. He was ashamed.
5. He was professional.
6. He was frightened.
7. They were frightened.
8. They were violent.
9. We were violent.
10. We were guilty.

159

1. I am grateful. Repeat.
2. Add: for the help. --- [I am grateful for the help.]
3. Add: because I was very nervous. --- [I am grateful for the help because I wasvery nervous.]
4. Add: and I’m fortunate. --- [I am grateful for the help because I was very
nervous and I’m fortunate.]
5. Add: to have professional people. --- [I am grateful for the help because I wasvery nervous and I’m fortunate to have professional people.]
5. Add: to help me. --- [I am grateful for the help because I was very nervous andI’m fortunate to have professional people to help me.]160

1. Do you accept gifts from an unknown person?
2. Do you have sensitive skin?
3. Do you like genuine people?
4. Do you agree that drinking medicine has a psychological effect?
5. Is it rare for you to be late?
6. Do you have a long-term goal?

161

1. John is grateful to those who helped him. Repeat.
2. John is grateful to those who helped him. Transform: who. --- [Who is gratefulto those who helped him?]
3. The thunder frightened the dog. Repeat.
4. The thunder frightened the dog. Transform: what. --- [What frightened thedog?]
5. I know the pictures are good for I hired a professional photographer. Repeat.
6. I know the pictures are good for I hired a professional photographer.
Transform: why. --- [Why are the pictures good?]
7. He was patient at the hospital yesterday. Repeat.
8. He was patient at the hospital yesterday. Transform: when. --- [When was hepatient at the hospital?]

162

9. She is guilty of a crime. Repeat.
10. She is guilty of a crime. Transform: not. --- [She is not guilty of a crime.]
11. The girl is ashamed to use her old bag at school. Repeat.
12. The girl is ashamed to use her old bag at school. Transform: what. --- [Whatis the girl ashamed to use at school?]
13. We feel fortunate to be able to go to the Olympics. Repeat.
14. We feel fortunate to be able to go to the Olympics. Transform: where. --[Where do we feel fortunate to be able to go?]163

1. The poor have very simple lives. Write. --- [The poor have very simple lives.]
2. They visited the old and the young in the hospital. Change: we. --- [We visitedthe old and the young in the hospital.]
3. The thunder frightened the dog. Transform: what. --- [What frightened thedog?]
4. It started with a vague but visible matter. Add: substantial. --- [It started with avague but visible substantial matter.]
5. Jenna has some inner struggles. Change: no. --- [Jenna has no inner
struggles.]6. I ate a lot of chocolates and now I feel guilty. Change: dizzy. --- [I ate a lot of
chocolates and now I feel dizzy.]
7. We feel fortunate to be able to go to the Olympics. Transform: where. --[Where do we feel fortunate to be able to go?]164

The following phrases are commonly used to start asking for opinions:
What do you think about … ? / From your point of view, … ?
Would you agree/disagree that … ? / Do you have any views on … ?
What’s your view on … ? / What’s your opinion of …? / What’s your positionon…?

We commonly use the following phrases to express opinions:
I think... / If you ask me... / In my opinion, / In my view/ From my point of view, /Personally,165

1. What do you think about the food?
2. I think it is good.
3. Would you agree that banana is the healthiest fruit?
4. Personally, I wouldn’t agree that apple is the healthiest fruit.
5. From your point of view, is 18 years old mature enough to have a driver’s
license?
6. From my point of view, 21 years old is the proper age to get a license.
7. Do you have any views on child labor?
8. I think child labor is awful and heartless.
9. What’s your view on online classes?
10. In my view, online classes are enjoyable and very helpful.
11. What is your opinion about social media?
12. In my opinion, social media is both good and evil.

166

1. I think coffee is very helpful to wake you up in the morning.
2. I think an alarm is very helpful to wake you up in the morning.
3. I think an alarm is very useful to wake you up in the morning.
4. I think tea is very useful to wake you up in the morning.
5. I think food is very useful to wake you up in the morning.
6. I think food is very important to wake you up in the morning.
7. We think food is very important to wake you up in the morning.
8. He thinks food is very important to wake you up in the morning.

167

1. In my opinion, pancakes and eggs are good for breakfast. Repeat.
2. In my opinion, pancakes and eggs are good for breakfast. Change: lunch. --- [.
In my opinion, pancakes and eggs are good for lunch.]
3. In my opinion, pancakes and eggs are good for lunch. Change: coffee. --- [Inmy opinion, pancakes and coffee are good for lunch.]
4. In my opinion, pancakes and coffee are good for lunch. Change: view. --- [In
my view, pancakes and coffee are good for lunch.]
5. In my view, pancakes and coffee are good for lunch. Change: not. --- [In myview, pancakes and coffee are not good for lunch.]
6. In my view, pancakes and coffee are not good for lunch. Change: dinner. --[In my view, pancakes and coffee are not good for dinner.]
7. In my view, pancakes and coffee are not good for dinner. Change: cake. --- [In
my view, cake and coffee are not good for dinner.]
8. In my view, cake and coffee are not good for dinner. Change: as snacks. --[In my view, cake and coffee are not good as snacks.]

168

1. Would you agree that soccer is a dangerous sport? Repeat.
2. Change: basketball. --- [Would you agree that basketball is a dangerous
sport?]
3. Change: disagree. --- [Would you disagree that basketball is a dangerous
sport?]
4. Change: fencing. --- [Would you disagree that fencing is a dangerous sport?]
5. Change: karate. --- [Would you disagree that karate is a dangerous sport?]
6. Change: agree. --- [Would you agree that karate is a dangerous sport?]
7. Change: interesting. --- [Would you agree that karate is an interesting sport?]
8. Change: intense. . --- [Would you agree that karate is an intense sport?]169

1. Do you have any views on the increase of food prices around the world?
2. What’s your opinion on the increase of food prices around the world?
3. What do you think about the increase of food prices around the world?
4. What’s your view on the increase of food prices around the world?
5. What’s your view on the increase of gasoline prices around the world?
6. Do you have any views on the increase of gasoline prices around the world?
7. What do you think about the increase of gasoline prices around the world?
8. What’s your opinion on the increase of gasoline prices around the world?

170

1. I personally think that the beach is more relaxing than the mountain. Repeat.
2. I personally think that the beach is more relaxing than the mountain. Change:
swimming, running. --- [I personally think that swimming is more relaxing thanrunning.]
3. I personally think that swimming is more relaxing than running. Change:tiring, hiking. --- [I personally think that swimming is more tiring than hiking.]
4. I personally think that swimming is more tiring than hiking. Change: less,biking. --- [I personally think that swimming is less tiring than biking.]
5. I personally think that swimming is less tiring than biking. Change: walking,effective. --- [I personally think that walking is less effective than biking.]
6. I personally think that walking is less effective than biking. Change: don’t,
enjoyable. --- [I personally don’t think that walking is less enjoyable than biking.]
7. I personally don’t think that walking is less enjoyable than biking. Change:
reading, partying. --- [I personally don’t think that reading is less enjoyable thanpartying.]

1711. I think cats are friendlier than dogs. Repeat.
2. I think cats are friendlier than dogs. Transform: which. --- [Which do you think
are friendlier, cats or dogs?]
3. If you ask me, I think books are better than movies. Repeat.
4. If you ask me, I think books are better than movies. Transform: what’s yourview. --- [I think/ In my opinion, ... are better than ... What's your view?]
5. In my opinion, women work as well as men. Repeat.
6. In my opinion, women work as well as men. Transform: what’s your opinion. -- [What's your opinion on how well women work?]
7. I agree that eating well and exercising are good for the body. Repeat.
8. I agree that eating well and exercising are good for the body. Transform:
Would you agree. --- [Would you agree that eating well and exercising are goodfor the body?]
9. In my view, attractive people have a first impression advantage overordinary-looking people. Repeat.
10. In my view, attractive people have a first impression advantage overordinary-looking people. Transform: What do you think. --- [What do you think
attractive people have over ordinary-looking people?]
11. Personally, Christmas is not the biggest holiday of the year. Repeat.
12. Personally, Christmas is not the biggest holiday of the year. Transform:
From your point of view. --- [From your point of view, is Christmas the biggest

172

1. What do you think about the latest gadgets like cellphones and iPods?
2. What is your position on all countries being independent?
3. From your point of view, is TV news important?
4. Do you agree or disagree that being online most of the time is bad for thehealth?
5. Do you have any views on world politics?
6. What is your opinion on government aid for the unemployed?
7. What’s your position on eating fast food every day?

173