はじめに「イスラム国（ISIS）」の脅威、エボラ出血熱の流行、マレーシア機の撃墜…。世界は日々、衝撃的な出来事に翻弄されています。メディアはひとつの視点からそれらをセンセーショナルに報道しますが、それゆえ国連活動のような地道な活動については大きく報じられることはありません。国家、人種、民族、宗教などにおける多様な価値観が複雑に入り組む国際社会を的確に捉えるためには、
公正中立である国連の活動などを通して、一方に偏らない客観的な視点を持つことはとても有益なことです。
それと同時に、他国の出来事を「対岸の火事」として興味本位で眺めるのではなく、国際情勢を自分に身近な問題として捉え直し、自身の考えを展開させ、世界に発信していくことも極めて重要です。換言すれば、私たちに必要なのは「客観的な視点を持って主観的に国際情勢を捉える」態度と言えるでしょう。これを身につけることが本書の目的です。

本書の各 Unit は Part A と Part B に分かれています。Part A では、UN News Centre のウェブサ
イトの「国連ニュース（UN Daily News）」を通して、さまざまな分野の国連活動を理解することが主眼です。平和維持活動だけではない国連が行うさまざまな活動について理解を深めましょう。
Part B では、「ジャパンタイムズ（The Japan Times）」の記事を用いて、Part A と同じトピックを別の視点から学習します。国連ニュースで紹介された国連活動を、他の機関、著者はどのように捉えているのか、またそれらが私たちの社会とどのように関係しているのかを知り、自分自身の意見やアイデアを考えてみましょう。
また、本書の各エクササイズは CLIL（クリル：内容言語統合型学習）という教育アプローチに基づき構成されています。英文記事を読んで理解するだけではなく、対話をリスニングする、データを分析する、記事を要約する、グループで話し合う、クラスで発表するなど、さまざまな認知的な（頭を使う）活動を通じて、英語で理解し英語で発信するための多角的なスキルを身につけることができます。

国際情勢を「理解する」だけの時代は終わり、国際情勢を「考えて、自ら行動する」時代が始まっています。本書がそのような時代に生きるみなさまの一助となるよう、著者一同、心から願っています。

2014 年夏
著者を代表して武藤克彦

CONTENTS
はじめに .............. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..... 3
本書の構成と使い方 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ....................... 6「国連ニュース」について . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................... 8

Unit 1 Peace and Security ―平和・安全保障―

Part A : 国連ニュースを読む：Security Council, senior UN officials say conflict parties must

respect, protect civilians. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................. 10Part B : The Japan Times を読む ：New map shines light on Tokyo air raid horrors: Scholars
record wartime history politicians would rather forget..................................................................14

Unit 2 Economic Development ―経済開発―

Part A : 国連ニュースを読む：Illicit financial outflows from Africa crippling continentʼsdevelopment ‒ UN. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ....................18

Part B : The Japan Times を読む ：Britain to target multinationals evading tax........................... 22
Unit 3 Humanitarian Aid ―人道支援―

Part A : 国連ニュースを読む：Philippines: UN humanitarian chief urges donors to increaseaid for typhoon recovery. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .............................. 26

Part B : The Japan Times を読む ：North aid contingent on abductees........................................... 30
Unit 4 Environment ―環境―

Part A : 国連ニュースを読む：Former New York Mayor Bloomberg named Banʼs envoy for

cities and climate change. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................... 34

Part B : The Japan Times を読む ：Tokyo cuts CO2 emissions but hoards credits......................... 38
Unit 5 Human Rights ―人権―

Part A : 国連ニュースを読む：DPR Korea human rights report elicits concern from senior

UN officials.......... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ......... 42

Part B : The Japan Times を読む ：Malalaʼs fight for girlsʼ education.............................................46

Unit 6 UN Affairs, Secretary-General ―国連活動・国連事務総長―

Part A : 国連ニュースを読む：Launching scientific advisory board, Ban urges bridging gap

between science, policy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................ 50

Part B : The Japan Times を読む ：Tepco tech chief disputes Abeʼs ʻunder controlʼ assertion....... 54
Unit 7 Women, Children, Population ―女性・子ども・人口―Part A : 国連ニュースを読む：Ban pledges UN commitment to advancing gender equality,

womenʼs empowerment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........................... 58

Part B : The Japan Times を読む ：Hiring more women seen as answer to economic malaise:
Womenomicsʼ pushed as fix for population woes....................................................................62

Unit 8 Law, Crime Prevention ―法律・犯罪防止―

Part A : 国連ニュースを読む：New UN campaign spotlights links between organized crimeand counterfeit goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........................ 66

Part B : The Japan Times を読む ：Afghan opium output soars to record: UNODC.......................70
Unit 9 Health ―健康・医療―Part A : 国連ニュースを読む：On World Diabetes Day, Ban urges greater accessto healthy foods, physical activity. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................ 74

Part B : The Japan Times を読む ：Veggie-heavy diet and yoga shown to slow cell aging............78
Unit 10 Culture, Education ―文化・教育―Part A : 国連ニュースを読む：On International Day, UN urges support for ʻMother

Languagesʼ, linguistic diversity. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........................................ 82

Part B : The Japan Times を読む ：English-language education proposal has French up in arms............................. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86

グロッサリー ....... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............ 90

「国連ニュース」について
本テキストのタイトルにある「国連ニュース」とは、国際連合が United Nations News Centre（http://www.un.org/news/）上で提供しているニュースのことです。UN News Centre は国連や国連機関の活動に関して、最新ニュース（News）だけではなく、さまざまなメディア（Radio, Photo,
Webcast）やジャンル（Meetings Coverage, Secretary-General）から多角的に学ぶことができる有益なサイトです。
一般のニュースサイトと同様、トップページには主要記事や特集記事、地域別記事、ヘッドライ
ンなどがわかりやすく配置されていますが、国連活動をある程度まとまった形で読むことができるのがページ中段にある「News by Topic」です。本教科書の章立てにもなっていますが、このセクショ
ンでは以下のような国連活動の根幹をなす各カテゴリーにおいて最新の記事が掲載されています。

News by Topic
Peace and Security

UN Affairs, Secretary-General

Economic Development

Women, Children, Population

Humanitarian Aid

Law, Crime Prevention

Climate Change, Environment

Health, Poverty

Human Rights

Culture, Education

国連ニュースは基本的に月曜〜金曜まで毎日更新されています。最新のニュースは Headline at a
glance から選択できますが、それ以前の記事（Archives）を読みたい場合は、トップページ上段右にある「UN Daily News」をクリックします。そして、次のページで月と年度を選択することで過去の記事を参照することができます。なお、トップページの最上段にある Search からキーワード
検索（Japan, Ebola など）をして、関連記事を探すことも可能です。
他のニュースサイトと大きく異なる点として、トップページある「What, When at the UN（New
York）」が挙げられます。ここをクリックすることで、現在開催されている国連総会、安全保障理事会等の進捗状況、議題や議事録、また国連本体や事務総長のスケジュールも閲覧することができます。
ちなみに、日本語で国連ニュースを簡潔に知りたい場合は、「国際連合広報センター」（UNIC）
が日々更新している「世界の動きと国連」（http://www.unic.or.jp/news̲press/world̲and̲un/）が便利です。ニュース以外にも、国連の基本情報や主な活動、日本で行われているイベントなど有益な情報をたくさん得ることができるので、国連関連の勉強をする際には UN News Centre と併せて活用するとよいでしょう。

8

Humanitarian Aid Part A :Unit

国連ニュースを読む―人道支援―

3

フィリピンで起こった台風による自然災害。被災地の人々は何を必要としているのだろうか。また国連の援助は十分なのだろうか。

Warm-upLook at the picture and ask your partner, “What kinds of assistance dopeople in the affected area need in a natural disaster?” 写真を見て、パートナーに「自然災害のとき、被災地の人々が必要とする援助は何ですか」と質問してみましょう。

Vocabulary

Match each keyword with its definition. キーワードと意味を結びつけましょう。

(1) donor•(2) relief•(3) funding•(4) restore•(5) devastate •1-9
CD

Dialogue• (A) money that is provided by an organization for a particularpurpose• (B) a person, group, etc. that gives something, especially money,
to help an organization or country• (C) to make something return to its former state or condition• (D) to damage something very badly or completely• (E) money, food, clothes, etc. given to people who are poor or
hungryListen to the dialogue. Circle (T) if the statement is true or (F) if it is false.

2 人の対話を聞き、内容に合っていれば (T)、違っていれば (F) に○をつけましょう。

(1) Eddie offered to help Sheryl escape from her house.

(T) / (F)(2) Sheryl is satisfied with the relief supplies she has been given.

(T) / (F)(3) Sheryl will stay in the shelter for a few more weeks.

(T) / (F)

Reading a News Article

With the questions below in mind, read the news article. 先に質問内容に目を通してから、記事を読みましょう。

(1) How long did it take after the typhoon hit the Philippines?
(2) In what fields is the relief aid particularly needed?
(3) As of December in 2013, how was the progress of funding the UN relief efforts?

26

1-10
CD

Philippines: UN humanitarian chief urges donors toincrease aid for typhoon recovery
フィリピン：国連人道担当長官、支援者に台風復興の支援増を促す

16 January 2014 – The recovery process in the Philippines has been steady but
uneven, the United Nations top relief official said today, urging donors to increase
support for the $788 million response plan for Filipinos, who continue to depend on
humanitarian support, particularly to rebuild their homes.
“Two months after the storm, the scale and spread of humanitarian needs is still
daunting,” Under-Secretary-General for Humanitarian Affairs and Emergency
Relief Coordinator Valerie Amos said in a statement from the Office of theCoordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA).
“I am particularly concerned that just 20 percent of funding has been secured toprovide tools and materials so that people can rebuild their home,” she said.
The rainy season is approaching fast with flooding and landslides reported in theSouth-East Asia region. In the Philippines, the early rains have already led toUnitfurther displacement, according to OCHA.
Urgent funding is also needed for tools and seeds so that farmers will be ready3

for the next planting season.

Part A

Typhoon Haiyan swept ashore on 8 November, killing nearly 6,000 people,
displacing 4.1 million at the height of the emergency, and destroying homes andlivelihoods.
The UN launched a one-year Strategic Response Plan for nearly $800 million
dollars in mid-December, in support of the Government’s strategic plan, amounting
to some $8.17 billion over four years to guide the recovery and reconstruction in theaffected areas.
The plan aims to restore the economic and social conditions of the affected areasat the very least to pre-typhoon levels and to create a higher level of disaster
resilience.
Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon saw the devastation and recovery efforts firsthand in December. Visiting Tacloban, which bore the brunt of the typhoon’s fury, hetold reporters that he was “deeply moved and inspired.”At the time, the overall UN appeal was only 30 percent funded. Pledges now total$331 million or around 42 percent.
“Donors, humanitarian agencies, and most of all, the people of the Philippines,
have achieved a huge amount in the past two months, but the delivery and reach of
aid remains uneven,” Ms. Amos said in today’s statement.
27

She noted that electricity supplies are unreliable in vast parts of the affectedareas, hampering recovery efforts and business activities in urban areas, including
Tacloban.
Many schools reopened on 6 January but there are shortages of learning spaces
and school materials.
“During the next few months, the humanitarian community will focus on ensuring
a smooth transition from urgent assistance to long term recovery and rehabilitation
efforts,” she said. “We count on the continued support of donors for this work.”(UN News Centre, 16 January, 2014)
Reading Data

Look at the data closely and fill in the blanks in the summary. データをよく見て、要約の穴埋めをしましょう。

Typhoon Haiyan Strategic Response Plan
台風ハイエンの戦略的対応計画

Food Security and Agriculture
Emergency Shelter
Early Recovery and Livelihood
Water, Sanitation and Hygiene
Health
Education
Protection
Logistics
Nutrition
Coordination

183（66.1％）
178（41.9％）117（27.3％）
Funded81（76.5％）80（62.3％）
Requested
46（60.4％）45（45.4％）
20（113.1％）
15（88.7％）
11（77.6％）50
0100 150 200（U.S. million dollars）

Source: the Office of the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA)

As of May 18, 2014, 56 percent of the total $776 million is funded. According to
the graph, (1)and (2)are among the most required

areas of support. The first one, which helps typhoon-affected people meet their
immediate food needs, avoid nutritional deterioration and build food security, has
secured (3)percent of the initial request. The second one, alsomentioned in the article, has doubled the percentage of its funding to (4)percent, but its achievement rate is still low. Although (5), whichremoves debris from public spaces and provides self-sufficiency for those who havelost their employment, is ranked after the top two, it has been the least funded of all
10 categories at (6)28percent.

Critical Analysis of Data

Examine the list and express your opinion in My opinions &ideas. リストを見て My opinions & ideas に自分の意見を記入しましょう。

Evacuees’ Possible Concerns at a Shelter
・Not Enough Supplies
・Gender Sensitivities(food, water, clothes, and blankets)・Lac
k of Information
・Health and Sanitation
・Cold
Weather・Overcrowding
・Rel
atio
nships among Evacuees
・No Electricity
・Tak
ing
Car
e of the Elderly or the Disabled・Privacy
・Lim
ited
num
bers of Staff
・Missed Income Opportunities

Among all the items on the list, I have some ideas about (1)and (2)

seems difficult.

Part Abecause (6).

3However, solving (5).
Unit

Second, I’d solve (2) by (4). First, I’d solve (1) by (3)Sharing Your Opinions

Share your opinions and ideas in your group. Write anything
you find interesting about others’ ideas. グループ内で自分の意見や考えについて話し合いましょう。面
白いと思った他の人の意見を書きましょう。

29

Unit

3

1-11
CD

Humanitarian Aid

Part B : The Japan Times を読む―人道支援―「日本人の拉致問題」と「北朝鮮への人道支援」。どちらも緊急に解決すべき問題だが、私たち日本人はどう向き合うべきか。

Listening and Taking Notes

Listen to part of a news article. You can take notes while

listening. ニュース記事の前半を聞きましょう。聞きながらメモをしてもよいです。

Notes

1-12
CD

Understanding a News Article

Skim the article while referring to the Glossary. 巻末の用語集を参照しつつ、記事をざっと読んで概要を把握しましょう。

North aid contingent on abductees
北朝鮮への支援の前に拉致問題の解決

NEW YORK – Even if North Korea gives up its nuclear arms, Japan would notresume aid to the isolated state until it clears up the abductions of Japanese citizens
dating back more than three decades, said Keiji Furuya, minister of state for theissue.
Prime Minister Shinzo Abe has intensified calls for the North to account for the
kidnappings since he took office in December. His government’s “firm” stance wasstressed by Furuya during an international symposium in New York on Friday.
Furuya told the gathering that the abductions of at least 17 Japanese nationals
during the 1970s and ’80s were “acts of terrorism” by North Korea, drawing aparallel with the Boston Marathon bombings.
The symposium, held at the Japan Society near UN headquarters, was the secondof its kind organized by the Japanese government in the United States as part of its
efforts to raise global awareness of the abductees issue. The first took place inWashington the previous day.
Japan has felt particularly threatened by North Korea’s recent nuclear weapons
test and a long-range rocket launch in December, which resulted in tougher UN
sanctions against the communist regime.
30But Furuya said that even if the North relents on its weapons development,
Tokyo would not help finance the huge aid projects that diplomats say Pyongyang
wants and some countries are ready to consider.
“I believe it will be difficult for Japan to actively contribute to the large-scale
humanitarian aid that would be resumed immediately after such developments, aslong as there are no significant developments on the abduction issue,” Furuya said.
He also voiced the “firm resolution of the nation” to uncover the fate of all theJapanese citizens abducted by North Korea.
In a speech at Friday’s event, Maarit Kohonen Sheriff, deputy head of the New
York office of the UN High Commissioner for Human Rights, expressed optimismthat a new United Nations commission will contribute to resolving the abductees
issue.
“It is our hope that the newly established Commission of Inquiry (will) come up
with detailed analysis of such a gross violation of human rights by (the) DPRK,
including collection and documentation of victims’ testimony and account ofsurvivors, witnesses and perpetrators,” Sheriff said, referring to the North by its
official name, the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea.
In March, the UN Human Rights Council established a Commission of Inquiry to
Unit

investigate human rights issues in North Korea. The number of special rapporteurs3

designated by the council has increased from one to three.
(The Japan Times, 5 May, 2013)

Part B31

Summarizing the Article

Summarize the article below. ニュース記事を以下に要約しましょう。

Since taking office, Prime Minister Abe has called on North Korea to account for
the abductions of at least (1)during the 1970s and ’80s. At an international symposium at the Japan Society, Keiji
Furuya, minister of state for the issue, called the abductions “acts of terrorism,” andstressed that even if Pyongyang (2),Japan would not resume aid without “significant developments on the abduction
issue.” The UN Human Rights Council has recently established a Commission ofInquiry focused on (3)in North Korea.
Role PlayWith your partner, take turns playing the roles of Sam and Chris. パートナーと一緒に、Sam と Chris の役を演じましょう。

In (1), tell Sam what Japan can do to help people in North Korea.
(1) では Sam に、日本が北朝鮮の人々のために何ができるかを伝えましょう。

In (2), tell Chris what you think about Chris’s idea. You can refer to Useful
Expressions.
(2) では Chris のアイデアについてどう思うかを述べましょう。Useful Expressions を使ってもよいです。

[They are talking about humanitarian aid for North Korea.]
Chris: It seems nothing has been done to solve the abduction issue.
Sam: Yes. It’s so frustrating, but we also need to know about the devastating
situation in North Korea, where six million people are in need ofassistance.
Chris: I know. A UN report says around 30 percent of children and theirmothers suffer from chronic malnutrition. Can you believe this?
Sam: No, but I was wondering what Japan could do.

32

Chris: (1)

.

Sam:

.

(2)

• I completely agree with you.

• I see your point, but ~• That’s a good idea.

• I’m not sure if it works or not.

• I don’t think so.

• I haven’t thought about it.

Discussion & Presentation

This is an opinion survey conducted by the Japanese
government. Work in a group and discuss the question below. 次のデータは日本政府によって行われた世論調査の結果です。グループで以下の質問について話し合いましょう。

What are your concerns about North Korea?

re
l

m

at

ic

th

2000
2013

D

ip

lo

N

at
io
n
Fo
Ja
od
pa
ai
ne
d
se
sp
ou
se

ut
h
-S
o

to
r

e
im

ef
ec

or

ic
Po
lit

D

M

al
re
g

le
uc
N

tio
uc
A

bd

iss
ile

ar

100
80
60
40
20
0

n

percent（％）

北朝鮮への関心事は何ですか。

number of participants（N＝1326＜2000＞, 1848＜2013＞）
percentage based on multiple responses
Source: 内閣府

外交に関する世論調査，2013 年 10 月

What is your concern about North Korea? How would you deal with
it? あなたの北朝鮮への関心事は何ですか。どのようにしてその問題を解決しますか。
Unit

By Yourself

Choose one area and come up with an effective way to deal with it. その関

3

心事について考えて、解決する方法を考えましょう。

How to solve ite.g., Urge China not to return them（送還しないよう

Part BMy concerne.g., Defector（脱北者）

中国に働きかける）

In Your Group Discuss your ideas with your group. Someone in the group should write

down all the ideas and opinions. グループ内で自分の考えを発表しましょう。グループ内の一人が全員の考えや意見をメモします。

With the Whole Class Share your group’s ideas with the whole class. グループの考えをクラス全体に発表しましょう。

Name

Concern

How to solve it

33