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ॵյ͹ճ߻΃͹कରద͵‫ؖ‬༫͹๏๑ΝમఈͤΖ
ॵյ͹ճ߻Ν‫ة‬ժʀ‫ܯ‬ժͤΖʹǤ ॵյճ߻Ͳ࿫͢߻͏Ν࢟ΌΖϜρϒϱήʀΦέγγ΢θΝߨ͑͵Ǥ αϝϣωτΡʖ͹ߨಊ‫ܯ‬ժΝߡҌͤΖ࠹΍॑གྷ͵࿨఼ͳαϝϣωτΡʖͶ͕͜ΖࣰࢬՆ೵͵۫ରదߨಊΝ‫ͤັ۝‬Ζ
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ࣙࡶͺ୉͘͵ଝࣨΝ΍ͪΔͤɽຘ೧ຬਕҐ৏͹ਕ͗ࣙࡶͲໍΝࣨ͏ɼʛࡂ͹ऑं͹ࢰҾ͹୊̐Ғͳ͵ͮͱ͏ΖɽࣙࡶͲ๤͚͵Ζ੔ਕͺͨΗΉͲͶյҐ৏΍͹ࣙࡶາਲ਼ΝͤΖͳ͏͑ɽՊଔΏ༓ਕɼஏҮͶ༫͓ΖӪ‫ڻ‬ͺշ໕దͲ߁൥ҕͶ‫;ٶ‬ɼ਎͢͏ਕ͗ࣙΔໍΝઊͮͪ‫ޛ‬΍କ͚ɽऀճɼৼཀྵɼชԿΏͨ͹ଠ͹Ҿࢢ͗૮‫ޕ‬Ͷࡠ༽͢ͱਕΝࣙࡶ‫ؖ‬࿊ߨಊ΃಍͘ɼࣙࡶ΃͹ย‫ݡ‬͹ͦ͏Ͳঁ͜Ν‫ٽ‬ΌΖ͞ͳ͗Ͳ͘͵͏Γ͑Ͷ‫ͣ״‬ͱ͢Ή͑ɽࣙࡶ͹ଡ͚ͺఁॶಚࠅʀ஦ॶಚࠅͲً͘ͱ͏ͱɼͨ͑ͪ͢ࠅͲͺ૥‫غ‬൅‫ݡ‬Ώ࣑ྏΏࢩԋΝචགྷͳ
ͤΖਕ΃͹ࣁ‫ݱ‬Ώγʖϑη͗ɼ͍Ζͳ͢ͱ΍ॉ෾Ͳͺ͵͚‫ݸ‬ΔΗͱ͏Ζ͞ͳ͗ଡ͏ɽ͑ͪ͢͞ুܺద͵ࣆࣰͳన઀͵࣎‫ؽ‬͹ղ೘͹෈ଏͶΓͮͱɼࣙࡶͺ਄ࠃ͖ͯ੊ֆద͵ޮ़Ӷਫ਼໲ୌͳ͵Εɼ‫ٺە‬ͶखΕ͖͖Δ͵͚ͱͺ͵Δ͵͏΍͹ͳ͵ͮͱ͏ΖɽαϝϣωτΡʖͺࣙࡶଲࡨͶ͕͏ͱ॑གྷ͵ༀׄΝՎͪͤɽαϝϣωτΡʖͺࣙࡶϨηέ͹߶͏ਕΝࢩԋ͢ɼϓΧϫʖΠρϕίΠͶ਄͚‫ؖ‬༫͢ɼย‫ͳݡ‬ಈ͏ɼࣙࢰҪଔ͹ࢩԋΝߨ͑͞ͳ͗Ͳ͘ΖɽαϝϣωτΡʖͺͽͳΕͽͳΕ͗ͨ͹Ҳ෨Ͷ͵Ζ͞ͳͶΓͮͱɼҲର‫״‬Ώͯ͵͗ΕΝ‫ͣ״‬Ζ͞ͳ͗Ͳ͘Ζɽͨ͢ͱαϝϣωτΡʖͺɼࣙΔ͹য়‫ڱ‬Ͷ‫ؖ‬࿊ͪ۫͢ରద͵ࣙࡶଲࡨકྲྀͶखΕૌ΋͞ͳ͗Ͳ͘ΖɽࣙࡶଲࡨͶ͕͏ͱαϝϣωτΡʖ͗कରదͶ‫ؖ‬༫͢ͱ͏͚͞ͳͺ॑གྷ͵՟ୌͲ͍Ζɽ੕ැͶͺใ‫ׇ‬ద͖ͯଡ෨໵ద͵ࣙࡶଲࡨ͹કྲྀΝक಍͢ఴ֋͢ɼ͠ΔͶࣰߨ͢ͱ͏͚͞ͳ͗‫ٽ‬ΌΔΗΖ͗ɼҲ๏αϝϣωτΡʖͺࣙΔ͹ωʖθΏ༑઎ࣆߴɼबҕ͹য়‫ڱ‬Νߡྂ͢͵͗Δ੕ැ͹કྲྀΝखΕ೘Ηɼ‫ک‬Կ͢ͱ͏͚͞ͳ
͗Ͳ͘ΖɽΩψξ੠ਈฯ݊җҽճͲͺ૴͹ࠞકྲྀͲ͍Ζˎқ‫׷ިݡ‬ճΝ֋࢟͢ɼΩψξ͹ʤԾӅʥ٠ҽ໌ΏαϝϣωτΡʖ͹ࢨ಍ंͪͬΝডଶ͢ͱɼࣙ෾ͪͬ͹αϝϣωτΡʖͶ͕͜ΖࣙࡶଲࡨͶͯ͏ͱқ‫׷ިݡ‬Νߨͮͪɽ͞͹કྲྀͺɼΩψξͲ͹ࣙࡶΏࣙࡶ‫ؖ‬࿊ߨಊ͹Ӫ‫ڻ‬Ν‫ݰ‬ΔͤͪΌͶɼαϝϣωτΡʖಋ࢞Ν݃;෉͜ɼཀྵ૟ద͵ࣰભྭΝ‫༙͢ڠ‬ɼ՟ୌΝ໎֮Ͷ͢ɼ༙ӻ͵ߨಊΝखΖͪΌ͹ࢂՅ‫ܗ‬ΠϕϫʖοΝে௅ͤΖ΍͹
Ͳ͍Ζɽ‫͍͗ৼؖ‬Ζਕɼࣙࡶ‫ؖ‬࿊͹ࣰର‫ݩ‬Νͪ͢ਕɼʤཤ֒ʥ‫͗ंܐؖ‬ɼ৏घ͚‫ؽ‬೵͢ͱ͏ΖࣆྭΝ‫༙ڠ‬͢ɼΠέιηΏ࣑ྏɼࢩԋͶ͕͜Ζ֪ࠫΝ໎Δ͖Ͷͪ͢ɽ੊ֆฯ݊‫ؖؽ‬ʤ:+2ʥͺΩψξ͹੠ਈฯ݊җҽճͳ‫ڢ‬ಉ͢ͱɼ͞͹ࢂՅ‫ܗ‬Πϕϫʖο͗੊ֆదͶ࢘༽Ն೵ͳ͵ΖΓ͑रਜ਼րรͪ͢ɽ͞͹ςʖϩॄͺɼαϝϣωτΡʖ͗ࣙࡶଲࡨ‫׈‬ಊͶकରదͶ‫ؖ‬༫͢ɼϕϫιηͶ
ଲ͢ͱ੻೜Ν࣍ͬɼ౔ྙΝ‫ܩ‬କͤΖ͞ͳ͗Ͳ͘ΖΓ͑ɼஊ֌ద͵घӀ͘ͳ͢ͱ͏ΖɽΉͪɼಝఈద͵ղ೘͹घΆʹ͘ΝͤΖͪΌ͹ϜωϣΠϩͲͺ͵͚ɼʹͬΔ͖ͳ‫ͻ͓ݶ‬कରద͖ͯࢂՅ‫ܗ‬͹ϚφϞΠρϕϕϫιηͳ͵ͮͱ͕Εɼ͞ΗͶΓΕαϝϣωτΡʖͺࣙ෾ͪͬ͹ऀճదয়‫ڱ‬ͶଲͤΖ॑གྷͲన઀͵‫׈‬ಊɼΉͪ੕ࡨΏγʖϑηͶӪ‫ڻ‬Ν༫͓۫ରԿͤΖΓ͑͵‫׈‬ಊΝಝఈ͢ɼ༑઎ॳҒΝ෉͜ɼࣰࢬͤΖ͞ͳͶ͵ΖɽࢴͪͬͺɼαϝϣωτΡʖ͗कରదͶ‫ؖ‬༫ͤΖͪΌ͹घӀ͘ͳςʖϩॄ͗ɼଡ͚͹ࠅͳऀճదഐ‫ܢ‬Ͷ͕͏ͱ
࢘༽͠ΗΖ͞ͳΝ‫͏ͱͮب‬Ζɽಋ࣎Ͷࣙࡶ͹‫ݰ‬ঙͳ͏͑࠹शద͵໪ඬͶ޴͜ͱಉ͖͘͜ͱ͏͚ɽ:+2͹Յ໏ࠅͺɼϟϱνϩϖϩηΠέεϥϱϕϧϱͶ͕͏ͱɼ೧ΉͲͶ֦ࠅ͹ࣙࡶࢰ๤ིΝˍ‫ݰ‬
ঙͦ͠Ζͳ͏͑੊ֆద໪ඬͶ޴͜ͱྙΝਜ͚͢ͱ͏Ζɽ͞͹ࣙࡶࢰ๤ིͺʰࠅ࿊࣍କՆ೵͵֋൅໪ඬʤ6'*VʥͶ͕͜Ζฯ݊ҫྏ໪ඬʱͶ‫؜‬ΉΗΖ߻қΝಚͪࢨඬͲ͍Εɼͨ͹৆ࡋͺʰ೧ΉͲͶ༩๹ͳ࣑ྏΝ௪͢ͱඉ‫״‬ઝ੓࣮‫׳‬ͶΓΖ૥͙ͤΖࢰΝ෾͹̏‫ݰ‬ঙͦ͠Ζ͞ͳͲɼ੠ਈฯ݊ͳਕʓ͹߀ෳΝଁ਒
ͦ͠Ζ͞ͳʱͲ͍Ζɽ͞͹໪ඬͺɼαϝϣωτΡʖ͗ࣙࡶଲࡨͶकରదͶ‫ؖ‬༫Ͷ͢͵͏͞ͳͶͺୣ੔ͺ‫ࠒݡ‬Ό͵͏ɽ੊ֆฯ݊‫ؖؽ‬ʤ:+2ʥ੠ਈฯ݊ʀ෼࣯ཛྷ༽෨໵ɻ෨ௗ
χένʖɻShekhar SaxenaΩψξ੠ਈฯ݊җҽճճௗ‫੻߶࠹݋‬೜ंLouise Bradley

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Shekhar Saxena (WHO), Louise Bradley (Ωψξ੠ਈฯ݊җҽճ)ϕϫζΥέφ͹௒੖ͳຌชฦॄ
Alexandra Fleischmann (WHO)઒໵ద߫‫ݛ‬ʀ૴ߚࣧජ
Ed Mantler, Jennifer Vornbrock, Karla Thorpe, Stephanie Machel, Megan Schellenberg, Samuel Breau, Aimee
LeBlanc (all from the Mental Health Commission of Canada), Lakshmi Vijayakumar (India), Sutapa Howlader(Australia), Anna Frühauf (Germany), Elisabet Arribas-Ibar (Spain)ࢾ༽൝ʀ࠹श൝͹ࠬಣ
Shaazneen Ali (Maldives), Ralph Aquila (USA), Ella Arensman (Ireland), Jeffrey Aron (USA), José Ayuso-Mateos(Spain), Agnes Becker (United Kingdom), José M Bertolote (Brazil), Renzo Bonn (Italy), Robert Bossarte(USA), Pamela Collins (USA), Diego De Leo (Australia), Paolo Del Vecchio (USA), Geert Dom (Belgium), Rabih El
Chammay (Lebanon), Jacqueline Garrick (USA), Ulrich Hegerl (Germany), Helen Herrman (Australia), Juliane
Hug (Germany), Hiroto Ito (Japan), Roy A Kallivayalil (India), Zurab Kekelidze (Russian Federation), Nicole
Koburger (Germany), Elisabeth Kohls (Germany), Kairi Kolves (Australia), Ilana Lapidos (USA), Nancy Liu(USA), Richard McKeon (USA), Roberto Mezzina (Italy), Nerges Mistry (India), Yutaka Motohashi (Japan), ElisePaul (USA), Sara Pedersini (Switzerland), Michael R Phillips (China), György Purebl (Hungary), Jessica
Spagnolo (Canada), Graham Thornicroft (United Kingdom), Mónika D Tóth (Hungary), Nadja Van Ginneken(United Kingdom), Laetitia Van Haren (United Kingdom), Simon Vasseur Bacle (France), Danuta Wasserman(Sweden), Megan Williams (USA)ࢾ༽൝͹࢘༽
Sujit John, Lakshmi Vijayakumar, Neha Lamech (India), Merab Mulindi (Kenya), Kedar Marahatta (Nepal),
Edwin Bolastig, Gerard Hutchinson (Trinidad and Tobago), Robert Bossarte (USA)੣ࡠ
編集: David Bramley, Switzerland:+2ͺΩψξ੠ਈฯ݊җҽճͳೖຌ੕ැͶΓΖࡔ੕ద‫ྙڢ‬Ͷ‫״‬ःͤΖɽ

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ͱ͏Ζ͞ͳ͖ΔɼࣙࡶͶଲͤΖย‫ݡ‬ΏνϔʖͶΓͮͱࣙࡶ‫ؖ‬࿊ߨಊʤ༃ं஭ʁࣙࡶາਲ਼ɼࣙউߨҟ౵ʥͶ
ଲͤΖ࣯͹߶͏ҫྏదίΠΝण͜Ζ͞ͳ͗Ͳ͘͵͏ఁॶಚࠅʀ஦ॶಚࠅͶ͕͏ͱɼಝͶ༙ް੓͗߶͏΍͹ͳࢧΚΗΖɽ
ࣙࡶଲࡨʤࣙࡶ༩๹ʥ͹Γ͑͵৽॑͵ଲԢ͗‫ٽ‬ΌΔΗΖ՟ୌͶ‫ؖ‬ΚΖ࣎Ͷͺɼʹ͹Γ͑͵৖Ͳ͏͖Ͷ͢ͱߨಊΝًͤ͞΄͖͘Ν൓இͤΖ͞ͳͺೋ͢͏͖΍͢Η͵͏ɽͨΗΑ͓ɼ͞͹ʰघӀ͘ͳςʖϩॄʱͺ੊ֆ஦͹αϝϣωτΡʖʤஏҮऀճΏ͠Ή͡Ή͵‫ڠ‬ಋରऀճ౵ʥͲ‫͘Ͳ༽׈‬Ζ͏͚͖ͯ͹ࣰભద͵఑ҌΝ͢ͱ
͏ΖɽͨΗΔ͹఑ҌͺɼαϝϣωτΡʖͶ͕͏ͱαϝϣωτΡʖ͗ࣙ༟Ͷ࢘͑͞ͳ͗Ͳ͘Ζ͠Ή͡Ή͵ਕదʀ෼ద͵ࣁ‫ݱ‬Ώ௜ۛ͹ࣙࡶଲࡨ͹਒ṁয়‫ڱ‬Ͷ‫͚͵ܐؖ‬ɼ‫ͤ༽׈‬Ζ͞ͳ͗Ͳ͘Ζࣰભద͵఑ҌͲ͍ΖɽࣙࡶͶͯ͏ͱཀྵմΝ਄ΌΖ੊ֆͶ໪Ν޴͜Ζͳɼຘ೧ຬਕҐ৏΍͹ਕ͗ࣙࡶͶΓͮͱ๤͚͵ͮͱ͕Εɼʛࡂ͹ऑं͹ࢰҾ͹୊̐Ғͳ͵ͮͱ͏Ζʤ:+2 ʥɽ͖͢͢͵͗Δɼࣙࡶͺ৽॑͵ଲԢΝགྷͤΖ໲ୌͲ͍ΖͪΌɼย‫ݡ‬͹ͪΌɼࠅͶΓͮͱͺ൞ࡓͳΊ͵͠ΗΖͪΌɼΉͪࣙࡶͶ‫ͤؖ‬Ζγʖϗ΢ϧϱηεητϞ͗෈ॉ෾͵ͪΌɼࣙࡶ౹‫Ͳܯ‬ͺࣰࡏͶًͪࣙ͘ࡶं਼ΓΕգঘͶๅࠄ͠ΗΖܑ޴͍͗Ζɽ੊ֆસର͹ࣙࡶ͹͑ͬɼ༁ˍͺఁॶಚࠅ‫;ٶ‬஦ॶಚࠅͲً͘ͱ͏Ζɽ߶ॶಚࠅͲͺ஋੓͗ঃ੓͹ഔ΍ࣙࡶͶΓͮͱࢰ๤͢ͱ͏Ζ͗ɼఁॶಚࠅ‫;ٶ‬஦ॶಚࠅͲͺঃ੓̏ਕͶͯ͘஋੓ਕͳ͵Εɼ஋ঃർི͗ఁ͚͵ͮͱ͏Ζɽࣙࡶࢰ๤ིͺ੊ֆ஦ʹ͹ஏҮͶ͕͏ͱ΍ɼ஋ঃ‫ڠ‬ͶࡂҐ৏͗࠹΍߶͚
͵ͮͱ͏Ζɽࣙࡶࢰ๤ིͺ೧ྺ͗߶͚͵Ζͳͳ΍ͶଁՅ͢ͱ͏͚ஏҮ΍͍Ηͻɼऑ೧੔ਕ͹ࣙࡶࢰ๤ི͗࠹΍߶͏ஏҮ΍͍Ζɽఁॶಚࠅ‫;ٶ‬஦ॶಚࠅͲͺ߶ॶಚࠅͶർ΄ͱऑ೧੔ਕͳ߶ྺঃ੓͹ࣙࡶࢰ๤ི͖͗͵Ε߶͚ɼҲ๏Ͳ߶ॶಚࠅͺఁ஦ॶಚࠅͶർ΄ͱ஦೧஋੓͹ࣙࡶࢰ๤ི͗߶͏ɽ੊ֆదͶ‫ݡ‬Ζͳɼࣙࡶͺ๭ྙͶ‫ؖ‬࿊ͤΖ֐Ҿࢰʤ‫ݺ‬ਕؔ͹๭ྙʀ෤ྙจ૬ʀࣙࡶ͵ʹʥ͹͑ͬ஋੓Ͳˍɼঃ
੓ͲˍΝઐΌͱ͏Ζʤ:+2ʥɽ VXLFLGHSUHYHQWLRQͺ༩๹͹ΊͶ঱఼Ν౲ͱͪ΍͹Ͳͺ͵͚ɼࣙࢰҪଔ͵ʹ͹ࣆ‫ޛ‬ଲԢʤSRVWYHQWLRQʥ͵ʹ΍‫؜‬ΉΗΖ΄͘Ͳ͍ΖɽೖຌͲͺʰࣙࡶ༩๹ʱͶେΚΕʰࣙࡶଲࡨʱͳ͏͑༽‫͗ޢ‬๑ྫ౵Ͳ΍ࡀΔΗͱ͏ΖͪΌɼ͞͞Ͳͺ૱߻ద͵қັΝ‫؜‬΋΍͹ͳ͢ͱʰࣙࡶଲࡨʱͳ͏͑༃‫ޢ‬Νࡀ༽ͪ͢ɽ FRPPXQLW\ͺࣛॽదͶͺஏҮऀճͳ͏͑༃΍͍Ε͑Ζ͗ɼຌॽͲͺ઎े຿ɼೋ຿ɼϜ΢όϨτΡʖɼ‫܋‬ਕɼ‫ܒ‬ແॶɼ৮৖ɼ/*%7,ɼऀճదओंɼऀճద‫ʹ͵ंཱིݿ‬͹‫ڠ‬ಋରʤSࢂলʥ΍‫؜‬ΉΗΖͪΌɼʰαϝϣωτΡʖʱͳ͏͑༽‫Ͳޢ‬౹Ҳͪ͢ɽ HQJDJHPHQWͺೖຌ‫ޢ‬൝঄ชͲ΍մઈͪ͢௪Εɼʰकରద͵‫ؖ‬༫ʱʰकର੓Ν΍ͮͱ‫ؖ‬ΚΖʱͳ͏ͮͪ੷‫ۅ‬ద಼༲Ν‫؜‬΋༽‫ͪ͢ͳޢ‬ɽ01ऀճɼৼཀྵɼชԿɼͨ͹ଠ͹གྷҾ͗૮‫ޕ‬ͶӪ‫Ͳͳ͍͑͢͞ڻ‬ɼࣙࡶ‫ؖ‬࿊ߨಊ͹ϨηέΝଁՅͦ͠ͱ͏Ζɽࣙࡶ͹‫ݧث‬Ҿࢢͺྭ͓ͻգ‫ڊ‬͹ࣙࡶ‫ة‬ਦΏɼ੠ਈฯ݊͹໲ୌɼ্֒ɼऀճదͶ໲ୌͳ͵Ζ෼࣯ཛྷ༽ɼࣨ‫ۂ‬Ώ‫ࡃܨ‬దଝࣨɼφϧΤϜΏٰଶɼອ੓仑௩ɼອ੓࣮‫׳‬ʤ͗Ξɼ౸೚බɼ+,9$,'6ʥ͵ʹͲ͍Ζɽ෈߀͵͞ͳͶɼࣙࡶଲࡨͺ੕ැΏ੕ࡨཱིҌंͶͳͮͱ༑઎ॳҒ͗ఁ͏͞ͳ͗ଡ͏ɽࣙࡶଲࡨͺήϫʖώϩ͵ޮ़Ӷਫ਼ͳޮ‫ڠ‬੕ࡨ͹՟ୌͶ͕͏ͱ༑઎͠ΗΖ΄͘΍͹Ͳ͍ΖɽऀճదɼৼཀྵదɼชԿద͵΢ϱϏέφΝߡྂͶ೘Ηͪଡ࣏‫ݫ‬దΠϕϫʖοͶΓͮͱɼࣙࡶͺޮ़Ӷਫ਼͹༑઎՟ୌͲ͍Ζͳ͏͑೟ࣟΝ߁͚बஎͦ͠ͱ͏
͚͞ͳ͗‫ٽ‬ΌΔΗͱ͏Ζ͹Ͳ͍Ζɽ
αϝϣωτΡʖ͹͏͖͵Ζॄ஄Ͷ͕͏ͱ࠹΍ࣙࡶً͗͞ΕΏͤ͏ ͖Ν‫͘ݡ‬ΚΌΖͪΌͶͺɼͨΗͩΗ͹αϝϣωτΡʖ͹ऀճชԿదഐ‫ܢ‬ΝཀྵմͤΖ͞ͳ͗॑གྷͲ͍Ζɽͨ͑ͤΖ͞ͳͲɼαϝϣωτΡʖ͗ࣙࡶଲࡨ‫׈‬ಊͶ͕͏ͱ࠹΍ࣙࡶϨηέ͹߶͏ਕͶ঱఼Ν͍ͱͪ‫׈‬ಊΝߨ͑͞ͳ͗Ͳ͘ΖΓ͑Ͷ͵Ζ
:DVVHUPDQ ɽࣙࡶଲࡨΝ਒ΌΖ͞ͳͺ͵ͧ॑གྷ͵͹͖೧Ͷʲ੊ֆ੠ਈฯ݊ߨಊ‫ܯ‬ժʳ͗:+2૱ճͲࡀ୔͠Ηͪʤ:+2ʥɽ͞͹ߨಊ‫ܯ‬ժΝ֕ઈͤΗͻɼࣙࡶଲࡨ͗༑઎ࣆߴͳ͢ͱखΕ৏͝ΔΗɼ೧ΉͲͶ֦ࠅ͹ࣙࡶࢰ๤ིΝˍ‫ݰ‬ঙ͠
ͦΖ͞ͳΝ੊ֆસର͹໪ඬͳ͢ͱ͏Ζɽ೧Ͷ޴͜ͱ͹࣍କՆ೵͵֋൅໪ඬʤ6'*VʥͲͺɼࣙࡶͺฯ݊྘Ү͹໪ඬͶ͕͜Ζࢨඬͳ͢ͱ఑Ҍ͠Ηͱ͕Εɼ༩๹ͳ࣑ྏͶΓΕඉ‫״‬ઝ੓࣮‫Ͳ׳‬͹૥‫ࢰغ‬๤͹̑෾͹̏Ν‫ݰ‬ঙͦ͠ɼ੠ਈద݊߃ͳྒྷ޹͵য়ସΝ޴৏ͦ͠Ζͳ͢ͱ͏Ζɽࣙࡶͺ๹͛͞ͳ͗Ͳ͘Ζɽ૱߻దʀใ‫ׇ‬దͶଡ෨໵͗‫ؖ‬ΚͮͱࣙࡶଲࡨΝ਒Όͱ͏͚ͳ͏͑કྲྀͺɼ੊ֆસର͹ࣙࡶΝ‫ݰ‬ঙͦ͠Ζͳ͏͑໪ඬΝୣ੔ͤΖͪΌͶ͘ΚΌͱ॑གྷͲ͍ΕɼαϝϣωτΡʖϪϗϩ͹Πϕ
ϫʖο͗ްՎదકྲྀ͹Ҳ‫͠༽ࡀͱ͢ͳ؂‬ΗΖ΄͘Ͳ͍Ζɽࣙࡶଲࡨͺ‫ݺ‬ਕΏՊଔͶͳͮͱ॑གྷͲ͍Ζͫ͜Ͳ͵͚ɼαϝϣωτΡʖɼฯ݊ҫྏεητϞɼͨ͢ͱ߁͚‫ऀͻ͓ݶ‬ճસର͗ྒྷ޹͵য়ସͲ‫ؽ‬೵ͤΖ͞ͳͶͳͮͱ΍ॉ෾ͶԺ‫ܛ‬Ν΍ͪΔͤ΍͹͵͹Ͳ͍ΖɽࣙࡶଲࡨͺҐԾ͹Γ͑͵ࢬࡨΝਬ਒ͤΖ͞ͳͲαϝϣωτΡʖͶྒྷ͏Ӫ‫ڻ‬Ν༫͓Ζ͞ͳ͗Ͳ͘Ζʁv αϝϣωτΡʖ͹ߑ੔ҽ͹݊߃Ώྒྷ޹͵য়ସΝ޴৏ͦ͠Ζv αϝϣωτΡʖ͹೵ྙΝ߶Όͱన઀͵ղ೘Ν‫͢ߨࣰͫ͢͏ݡ‬Ώ͚ͤͤΖv ஏҮ͹ฯ݊ҫྏ‫ंܐؖ‬ΏΰʖφΫʖϏʖ͹೵ྙΝ߶ΌΖ͵ͧαϝϣωτΡʖ͗ࣙࡶଲࡨͲ॑གྷ͵ༀׄΝՎͪͤ͹͖૱߻దʀใ‫ׇ‬దͲଡ෨໵͗‫ؖ‬༫ͤΖࠅՊࣙࡶଲࡨકྲྀΝ֋൅ࣰ͢ߨͤΖͪΌͶͺɼࣙࡶଲࡨͶ͕͏ͱࠅ͗
ࢨ಍దༀׄΝՎͪͤචགྷ͍͗ΖɽࠅͶΓͮͱͺɼ॑૜ద͵αϝϣωτΡʖϪϗϩ͹ࣙࡶଲࡨϕϫήϧϞࣰ͗ࢬ͠Ηɼ͠Ή͡Ή͵‫׈‬ಊΏ੕ࡨ͗Ҳ੬Ͷࣰࢬ͠ΗΖ͞ͳͲ૮৒దްՎ͗ਫ਼ͣΖ͞ͳ͗ๅࠄ͠Ηͱ͏Ζ
ʤ+DUULVΔʥɽ͖͢͢ɼҲࠅ͹஦Ͳ΍ࣙࡶࢰ๤ིͶรಊ͍͗Ζ͞ͳʤྭ͓ͻɼஏཀྵ৏͹ஏҮ͵ʹʥͺɼφρϕξΤϱ‫ࡶࣙܗ‬ଲࡨͳஏҮͶ͕͜ΖϚφϞΠρϕ‫ܗ‬ϕϫιη͹૔๏͗‫ືە‬Ͷ࿊‫ͤܠ‬Ζ͞ͳ͹॑གྷ੓Νࣖࠨ͢ͱ͏ΖɽͯΉΕɼαϝϣωτΡʖ͹ωʖθɼࠅ͹੕ࡨɼՌָదࠞ‫ڎ‬Ͷ‫ͪ͏Ͱخ‬ղ೘͹ࢀͯ͹ؔͶ‫͢ోڰ‬ΝͤΖ࣎ͶɼαϝϣωτΡʖͺࣙࡶଲࡨͶ͕͏ͱඉ৙Ͷ॑གྷ͵ༀׄΝՎͪͤ͹Ͳ͍Ζɽࣙࡶͺย‫ݡ‬Ώ෈໌༬Ώࢧ͏ҩ͏Ͷຮͬͱ͏Ζɽ͞͹͞ͳͺɼਕʓ͗న઀Ͷঁ͜Ν‫ٽ‬ΌΖ͞ͳΝʰ͢͵͏ʱ͍Ζ͏ͺʰͲ͘͵͏ʱ͞ͳ͗ଡ͏ͳ͏͑͞ͳΝқັ͢ͱ͏ΖɽࣙࡶଲࡨͺͽͳΕɼ΍͚͢ͺૌ৭Ώ‫͗ؖؽ‬ୱಢͲ੔͢ਲ਼͝ΔΗΖ΍͹Ͳͺ͵͚ɼαϝϣωτΡʖસରͶ‫ࢩ΁ٶ‬ԋ͗චགྷͲ͍ΖɽαϝϣωτΡʖ͹߫‫ݛ‬ͺ͍ΔΑΖࠅ͹ࣙࡶଲࡨકྲྀͶͳͮͱຌ࣯ద͵΍͹Ͳ͍ΖɽαϝϣωτΡʖͺࣙࡶ͹Ϩηέ͹߶͏ਕ΃͹ऀճదࢩԋΝͪ͢ΕɼϓΧϫʖΠρϕίΠͶकରదͶ‫ؖ‬༫ͪ͢Εɼਕʓ͹қࣟ͹޴৏ΝਦΕɼย‫ͳݡ‬કͮͪΕɼࣙࢰҪଔΝࢩԋͤΖ͞ͳͲɼࣙࡶ͹ϨηέΝ‫ݰ‬Δ͢ฯ‫ޤ‬ҾࢢΝ‫ک‬ԿͤΖ͞ͳ͗Ͳ͘ΖɽαϝϣωτΡʖ͹ߑ੔ҽͺࣙࡶΏࣙࡶາਲ਼Νౌ࿧ͤΖࢬࡨ͗॑གྷͲ͍Ζͳ͏͑՟ୌΝ఑ًͤΖ͞ͳ΍Ն೵Ͳ͍Ζɽ৖߻ͶΓͮͱͺɼαϝϣωτΡʖ͹ߑ੔ҽΏେනंͺࣙࡶϨηέ͹߶͏ਕΝಝఈͪ͢Εɼࠫ͢യͮͪ
‫܊‬൅ࣙࡶ͹஭қ‫ً׫‬ΝͤΖ͏ΚΑΖʰΰʖφΫʖϏʖʱ͹ༀׄΝՎͪͤ͞ͳ͍͗Ζ͖΍͢Η͵͏ɽ࠹΍॑གྷͫͳࢧΚΗΖ͞ͳͺɼαϝϣωτΡʖͺਕʓͶ‫ؾ‬଒қࣟΝ࣍ͪͦͱ͚ΗΖ͞ͳͲ͍ΖɽαϝϣωτΡʖ͹஦Ͳ͹ऀճదࢩԋͶΓͮͱɼऀճద͵ͯ͵͗ΕΝߑ஛͢ɼࠖೋͶଲॴͤΖ೵ྙΝͯ͜Ζ͞ͳͲɼࣙࡶϨηέ͹߶͏ਕΝࣙࡶͶ௧͏ࠒΉ͵͏Γ͑ͶͤΖ͞ͳͲ͍ΖɽαϝϣωτΡʖͨ͹΍͹͗ஏҮ͹ωʖθͳ༑઎ࣆߴΝ‫ۅݡ‬ΌΖ͹Ͷ࠹΍నͪ͢৖ͫͳ͏͑͞ͳΝཀྵմͤΖ͞ͳ͗ຌ࣯దͶ॑གྷ͵͞ͳͲ͍Ζ
ʤ&RSSHQVΔ.UDOΔʥɽ YXOQHUDEOHͺ௪৙ʰ੮ओ͵ʱͳ༃͠ΗΖ͞ͳ͗ଡ͏͗ɼҲൢదͶ೅ઝΊͶ͚͏‫ݶ‬ཁͲ͍ΖͪΌɼຌॽͲͺΓΕଡ͚͹ਕʓ͗ཀྵմ͢Ώͤ͏Γ͑ʰࣙࡶً͗͞ΕΏͤ͏ʱΉͪͺʰࣙࡶϨηέ͗߶͏ʱͳ༃ͪ͢ɽ

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１ 開始時の準備
２ 初回Ʒ˟ӳでᛅƠӳƍを始める
３コミュニティーᘍѣ計画をᎋకƢǔ
５ コミュニティーᘍѣ計画のモニタリングと評価
６ コミュニティーのフィード
バックミーティング

05

４ ዒዓႎƳȡȇᶁǢƷ෇ဇ αϝϣωτΡʖ΃͹ཀྵմΝ਄Όɼࢩԋద͵‫ڧ؂‬͹൅ఴΝଇͤ कରద‫ؖ‬༫͹‫و‬ໝɼਕ޳ɼγʖϑηΏཤ༽Ն೵͵৚ๅΝߡྂͤΖ ૱߻ద໪ඬΝઅఈͤΖ ӣӨҗҽճΝߑ੔ͤΖ ࠹΍॑གྷ͵ʤཤ֒ʥ‫ंܐؖ‬ΝಝఈͤΖ ॵյ͹ճ߻΃͹कରద͵‫ؖ‬༫͹๏๑ΝમఈͤΖ ॵյ͹ճ߻Ν‫ة‬ժʀ‫ܯ‬ժͤΖ

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ʤνϔʖʥɼย‫ݡ‬͹ଲেͶ͵Ζ΍͹ͳ͢ͱਕ໪ͶৰΗ͵͏Γ͑Ͷ͠Ηͱ͏ΖɽαϝϣωτΡʖͺ͏͖͵ΖߨಊΝखΖ઴Ͷ΍ɼࣙࡶͺਕ໪Νඈ͜Ζ΍͹ͳ͏͑ࢧ͏ࠒΊΝखΕঈ͚͞ͳ͗Ͳ͘ΖΓ͑Ͷ͢ͱ͕͚΄͘Ͳ͍ΖɽॊͮͱαϝϣωτΡʖ΃͹ཀྵմΝ਄Όɼࣙࡶଲࡨ͹ͪΌ͹ࢩԋద‫ڧ؂‬ʤ෉࿧ʥΝϕϫιη͹
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06αϝϣωτΡʖ͗कରదͶ‫ؖ‬༫ͤΖ‫و‬ໝɼΉͪ‫ࠒ͘ת‬΋ਕ޳ΏஏҮͶͯ͏ͱߡྂͤΖ͞ͳ΍୉઀Ͳ͍ΖɽαϝϣωτΡʖΏࣙࡶଲࡨ‫׈‬ಊͶͯ͏ͱ͹६ඍஊ֌Ͳ͹ଲࡨ͹Π΢υΠͺɼ௧Յ৚ๅΝಚΖౕͶঙͥͯ͢रਜ਼ΝՅ͓ͱ͏͚චགྷ͍͗Ζ͗ɼ༩૟֐͹ཚͳ݂͢Ώ๨͝Ͷ͵Ζ΍͹Ν૥‫غ‬Ͷಝఈ͢ɼͨΗΝ৒Εӿ͓ͱ͏͚๏๑Ν൅‫͘Ͳݡ‬ΖΓ͑Ͷ६ඍ͢ͱ͕͖͵͚ͱͺ͵Δ͵͏ɽαϝϣωτΡʖͲ͹ॵյ͹ճ߻Ν֋࢟ͤΖ઴Ͷɼ΍͚͢ͺ‫׈‬ಊΝ֋࢟ͤΖ઴Ͷɼ࠹ۛࣙࡶً͖͗ͪ͘ɼʹ͹γʖϑη͗ཤ༽Ն೵͖ɼࣙࡶଲࡨϕϫήϧϞͺ‫ع‬Ͷࣰࢬ͠Ηͱ͏Ζ͖ɼαϝϣωτΡʖͺࣙࡶͶଲॴͤ
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ฯ݊ҫྏγʖϑη΃͹Πέιη
ฯ݊ҫྏγʖϑη͹࣯‫ߨݳ‬͹ɼΉͪͺҐ઴͹ࣙࡶଲࡨϕϫήϧϞɼγʖϑηɼΫϡϱϘʖϱָߏͶ͕͜Ζ੠ਈฯ݊͹‫ܔ‬൅ΏࣙࡶଲࡨϕϫήϧϞ
઒໵ʀඉ઒໵͹ฯ݊ҫྏ‫ंܐؖ‬͹‫ݜ‬रΰʖφΫʖϏʖ‫ݜ‬रʤྭʁܱࡱΏভ๹࢞Ͷଲ͢ͱʥαϝϣωτΡʖͶ͕͜Ζ৚ๅఽୣʤαϝϣωίʖεϥϱʥεητϞʁv αϝϣωτΡʖ಼Ͳ͹қࢧఽୣ͹घஊv ॑གྷ͵ༀׄΝ୴͑ϟυΡΠv ϟυΡΠͶΓΖ੻೜͍Ζࣙࡶๅಕ͹Ϊ΢χϧ΢ϱ
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αϝϣωτΡʖΝॵ‫غ‬մੵͤΖ๏๑͹ҲͯͶɼαϝϣωτΡʖʀϪυΡϋηʥʀϠυϩΝ༽͏ͪ΍͹͍͗
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ͤΖͪΌ͹αϝϣωτΡʖ͹எ͍ࣟ͗Ζɼ̐ʥϨʖξʖερϕɼ̑ʥαϝϣωτΡʖ͹ਕʓ͹ߡ͓๏Ώऀճద෫ౖɼ̒ʥմ݀ͤ΄͘՟ୌͶ‫ͤؖ‬ΖαϝϣωτΡʖ͹எ͍ࣟ͗Ζ͞ͳɼ̓ʥ͠Ή͡Ή͵ࣁ‫ݱ‬ɼͲ͍
Ζɽ͑ͪ͢͞࣢ͺଲেͳͤΖαϝϣωτΡʖસର͹६ඍ੓ΝਬఈͤΖͪΌɼ̓ͯ͹࣢͟ͳͶ඲Ճ͠ΗΖɽ͞͹Γ͑͵Ϡυϩ͹඲Ճͺɼ‫ޛ‬ͶࣙࡶଲࡨͶ͕͏ͱ‫׈‬ಊΝમ୔ͤΖࡏ͹৚ๅͳ͵ΖͫΘ͑ɽ৏‫ى‬Ґ֐͹Ն೵੓ͳ͢ͱͺʤึଏͳ΍͵ΕಚΖ͗ʥɼ‫͵ͳंܐؖ‬ΕಚΖਕ΃ඉޮࣞʤΉͪͺޮࣞʥ͹໚஌
Ν֋࢟ͤΖ͞ͳɼ΍͚͢ͺϓΧʖΩηήϩʖϕʀυΡηΩρεϥϱΝ֋͚͞ͳ͗ߡ͓ΔΗΖɽ͑ͪ͢͞৚ๅͺ࠹ॵ͹ߨಊΝًͤ͞ࡏͶཤ༽Ͳ͘ΖɽαϝϣωτΡʖ͗कରదͶ‫ؖ‬༫ͤΖ͞ͳΝ༑઎ͦ͠Ζචགྷ͹͍Ζஏཀྵద͵ஏҮɼ΍͚͢ͺਕ޳଒੓Ͷ‫Ͱخ‬͏ͪॄ஄Ν݀ΌΖࡏͶͺɼࠅ͹υʖνͺয়‫ڱ‬ͶΓͮͱͺༀͶཱིͪ͵͏Ն೵੓͍͗Ζɼͳ͏͑͞ͳͶཻқͤ΄͘Ͳ͍Ζɽྭ͓ͻɼ೸༂͹ෲಡࣙࡶͺ͕΍Ͷ೸ଞஏଵͲً͞Ζɽॊͮͱɼ౐ࢤ෨Ͳ͹ࣙࡶଲࡨϕϫήϧϞͲͺɼ೸༂΃͹ΠέιηΝ੏‫ͤݸ‬Ζͳ͏͑ଲࡨͺ͕ͨΔ͚कͪΖ঱఼ͳͺ͵Δ͵͏ͫΘ͑ɽΉͪɼ઎े຿͹ࣙࡶͺҲൢॄ஄ΓΕ΍߶͏ܑ޴͍͗Ζ͗ɼ͑͞͏ͮͪυʖνͺࠅ͹ࣙࡶࢰ๤ིͶͺࣖ͠Η͵͏Ն೵੓΍߶͏ɽ̑ɿ૱߻ద໪ඬΝઅఈͤΖ
ଡ͚͹ਕʓɼॄ஄ɼૌ৭ͺࣙΔ͗଒ͤΖ‫ڠ‬ಋର͹ऀճదഐ‫ܢ‬͹஦Ͳ͹ࣙࡶଲࡨͶ‫͍͗ৼؖ‬Εɼͨ͹஦ͶͺࣙࡶϨηέ͹߶͏ਕɼࣙࢰͲҪ͠ΗͪαϝϣωτΡʖ͹ߑ੔ҽ͵ʹΝࢩԋͪ͢͏ͳߡ͓Ζਕ΍͏ΖɽࣙࡶଲࡨΝ֋࢟ͤΖͶ͍ͪΕɼଡ͚͹ਕʓɼॄ஄ɼૌ৭Ͷଲ͢ͱՁΝร͓ͱ͏ͪ͘͏͖ɼʹ͹Γ͑͵รԿΝࢧ͏ඵ͏ͱ͏Ζ͖Νซ͏ͱΊΖ͹΍ྒྷ͏ͫΘ͑ɽ͞Ηͺॵ‫غ‬ஊ֌Ͳ͹ଲࡨ͹Π΢υΠͳ૱߻ద͵໪ඬΝઅఈ
ͤΖࡏͶༀཱིͯͫΘ͑ɽ‫ৼؖ‬Ν࣍ͮͪ‫ंܐؖ‬Ώࢨ಍ं͹қཋΝ߶ΌΖɼҲൢద͵૱߻ద໪ඬʤ෉࿧ʥͺɼαϝϣωτΡʖͲਕʓ͗‫͏ͱͣ״‬ΖωʖθͶ‫ͱ͏Ͱخ‬અఈ͠ΗΖ΄͘Ͳ͍ΕɼҐԾ͹Γ͑͵಼༲͗‫؜‬ΉΗΖͫΘ͑
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ࣙࡶଲࡨͶ͕͏ͱ઎಍ద͵ༀׄΝ୴͑ͪΌ͹࠹ॵ͹ࢾΊͺɼαϝϣωτΡʖ಼͖Δࣙ൅దͶਫ਼ͣΖ͞ͳ΍͍Ζɽ࠹ॵ͹ಊ͘ͺɼૌ৭ɼ‫ؖؽ‬ɼ͍Ζ͏ͺқཋ͹͍Ζ‫ݺ‬ਕ͖Δً͞Ζ͞ͳ͓͍͠ΖͫΘ͑ɽ͖͢͢ɼࢩ
ԋ͗ໃ͏ͳ‫ݺ‬ਕͲͺ‫ܩ‬କͤΖ͹͗ࠖೋͲ͍Ζ͞ͳ΍ଡ͚ɼଠ͹ਕͳ͏͖Ͷ࿊‫ܠ‬ΝखΗΖ͖͗॑གྷͳ͵Ζɽͨ͹ͪΌͶͲ͘Ζ͞ͳͺɼࣙࡶଲࡨ΃कରదͶ‫ؖ‬༫ͤΖ͞ͳͶқཋదͲ೦қ͹͍ΖਕͪͬͶΓΖӣӨҗҽճΝߑ੔ͤΖ͞ͳͲ͍ΖɽӣӨҗҽճͺɼҡ͵Ζٗ೵ͳΠ΢υΠΝ࣍ͬɼࣇͪΓ͑͵‫ࣆৼؖ‬Ν‫༙ͤڠ‬Ζಋࢦ͹ॄ஄͗ΉͳΉΖ͞ͳ͗ΆͳΞʹͲ͍Ζɽྭ͓ͻɼӣӨҗҽճ͹ϟϱώʖͺҐԾ͹Γ͑͵ɼଡ༹͵ऀճదഐ‫ܢ‬͹ਕ͖ͪͬΔߑ੔͠ΗΖ͞ͳ͗ଡ͏ʤ&DSLUH&RQVXOWLQJ*URXS0HQWDO+HDOWK&RPPLVVLRQRI&DQDGD6XLFLGH3UHYHQWLRQ$XVWUDOLDʥʁ ࣙࡶଲࡨΝ਒ΌΖ६ඍ੓ʤড়݇ʀ‫ڧ؂‬౵ʥ͗੖ͮͱ͏Ζ͞ͳɽ

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αϝϣωτΡʖ͹ࢨ಍ंɼ੕࣑Պɼࠅճ٠ҽɼେනंฯ݊ҫྏɼ੠ਈฯ݊ɼ෼࣯ཛྷ༽ͶଲͤΖҫྏ͹‫ंܐؖ‬ɽ͞ΗΔͶͺҫࢥɼ؅‫ࢥޤ‬ɼ݊߃ଁ਒‫ܐؖ‬ंɼฯ݊ҫྏߨ੕͹౲‫ंۃ‬Ν‫؜‬΋αϝϣωτΡʖʀυΡϗϫϕϟϱφϭʖΩʖ ΏλʖεϡϩϭʖΩʖ‫گ‬ҽΏͨ͹ଠ͹ָߏ৮ҽ੠ਈదʤྸదʥࢨ಍ंΏभ‫گ‬৏͹ࢨ಍ंఽ౹ద͵‫ك‬౴࣑ྏࢥΏαϝϣωτΡʖ͹ௗ࿟‫܋‬ਕܱࡱ‫ׯ‬ɼভ๹࢞ɼ‫ݳ‬৖Ͳ‫ٺٻ‬ଲԢΝߨ͑ਕऑ͏࿓ಉंɼऑंΏָਫ਼͹ήϩʖϕ߶ྺंήϩʖϕɼ߶ྺंͳ‫ڠ‬Ͷಉ͏ͱ͏ΖਕʓϒΠγϛʖνʖѬͤΖՊଔɼ༓ਕΏಋ྇ΝࣙࡶͲࣨͮͪαϝϣωτΡʖߑ੔ҽࣙࡶາਲ਼Νࣰର‫ݺͪ͢ݩ‬ਕࣰ‫ۂ‬ֆ͹Ϩʖξʖୣঃ੓ήϩʖϕɼ஋੓ήϩʖϕ઎े຿ଔೋ຿αϝϣωτΡʖͶ͕͜ΖϜ΢όϨτΡʖΏ຿ଔॄ஄Πϩαʖϩ͹໲ୌͶଲͤΖࢩԋήϩʖϕҫࢥճηϛʖς஄ର
ஏҮ͹੠ਈฯ݊ࢩԋ‫ؖؽ‬Ώ࣌વ஄ରαϝϣωτΡʖ͹ෳཤ޴৏ΏࣙࡶଲࡨͶ‫ؖ‬ΚΖ‫ؖؽ‬ϫʖνϨʖέϧϔΏϧ΢Ψϱθέϧϔ͹Γ͑͵ඉ੕ැૌ৭ʤ1*2ʥ
ϚϧϱτΡΠήϩʖϕͨΗͩΗ͹αϝϣωτΡʖ͗ଡ༹͵๏๑ͲࣙࡶଲࡨͶΠϕϫʖο͢ͱ͏͚ͶॊͮͱɼӣӨҗҽճ΍ͨΗͩΗ͗ಢࣙ͹ಝ௅Ν‫ͦݡ‬ΖΓ͑Ͷ͵ΖͫΘ͑ɽͨ͑ͺ‫ͱͮݶ‬΍ɼॵյ͹ճ߻Ν‫ة‬ժʀ‫ܯ‬ժ͢ɼࣙࡶͶͯ͏ͱ͹٠࿨Ν֋࢟ͤΖͪΌͶͺɼਕఖౕ͹ӣӨҗҽճͲ͍Ηͻ؇ཀྵ΍͢Ώ͚ͤɼ͑Ή͚‫ؽ‬೵ͤΖ͞ͳͺࣰ֮Ͳ͍ΖɽӣӨҗҽճ͹ߑ੔ҽʤ෉࿧ʥͺɼϕϫιηͶ͖͜Ζ࣎ؔͳ࿓ྙΝ͏ͳΚͥఈ‫غ‬దͶॄΉΖ΄͘Ͳ͍Ζɽߑ੔ҽͺߨಊΝًͤͪ͞ΌͶචགྷ͵‫ڠ‬௪͹ಊ‫͜෉ؽ‬Ώগཔߑ૟Ν͚ͯΕɼ໪ඬΝఈΌɼϕϫιη͹௒੖ͳ؇ཀྵΝߨ͏ɼࣙࡶଲࡨ΃ྙΝ஭͙କ͜ɼଲࡨ͹਒ṁͶ൒͑‫ݡ‬ཚͳ͢Ν֮೟͢ͱ͏͖͵͚ͱͺ͵Δ͵͏ɽ͑ͪ͢͞གྷોͽͳͯͽͳͯͶଲ͢ɼߑ੔ҽͺༀׄΝ෾୴͢ɼ੻೜Ν࣍ͯ͞ͳ͗॑གྷͶ͵ΖͫΘ͑ɽ͑ͪ͢͞͞ͳͺϕϫιη͹࣍କՆ೵੓Νฯৄ͢ɼ͠ΔͶͺুಧΝඈ͜Ζ͞ͳΝ໪దͳ͢ͱ͏ΖɽαϝϣωτΡʖસର͗ॄΉΖॵյ͹ճ߻Ͷͺɼཤ֒‫ܐؖ‬͹͍Ζ౲ࣆंͪͬΏαϝϣωτΡʖ͹ߑ੔ҽસͱ͗ড͖ΗΖ΄͘Ͳ͍ΖɽӣӨҗҽճͶ࣎ؔΝ͚ׄ͞ͳ͗Ͳ͘͵͏‫ंܐؖ‬ͺɼ࠹शదͶͨ͹ਕ͹઒໵எࣟͶԢͣͱ୻࣎ؔ࿰Ͳ͹ಝพ՟ୌͶखΕૌΞͲ΍Δ͑Γ͑‫ֽ͜;ݼ‬Ζ͹΍͏͏ͫΘ͑ʤ6XLFLGH3UHYHQWLRQ$XVWUDOLDʥɽ͞͹Γ͑͵໪ద͹ͪΌɼҲఈ͹՟ୌΏಝच͵‫׈‬ಊ΃͹‫ؖ‬༫Ν౹‫ׇͤ‬ΖԾ෨җҽճ͗ࡠΔΗΖ͞ͳ΍͍Ζɽγʖϑη͹ཤ༽ंήϩʖϕΏɼஏҮ͹ϚϧϱτΡΠͶकରదͶ‫ؖ‬༫͢ͱ͕͚͞ͳͲɼ‫׈‬ಊ͹‫ܯ‬ժΝཱིͱɼͨΗΝࣰߨͶҢͤ࣎ͶༀཱིͯͫΘ͑ʤ+DUULVΔʥɽ
αϝϣωτΡʖ͗कରదͶ‫ؖ‬ΚΖཀྵ༟ɼ૱߻ద໪ඬɼཤӻͳ͵ΕಚΖ΍͹ɼ༩଎Ͳ͘Ζௗ‫ްغ‬ՎΝॽ͘ड़ͤ͞ͳͺ༙ӻͲ͍Ζ͞ͳ͗ଡ͏ʤ/DQH 7ULEH ʤ෉࿧ʥɽ
ӣӨҗҽճ͹ߑ੔ҽ͗ΨϨΦϱτʖεϥϱ͹චགྷ੓Ν‫ͣ״‬ɼࣙࡶͳͨ͹ଲࡨͶͯ͏ͱ͠ΔͶஎΕͪ͏ͳߡ͓ͱ͏Ζ͹Ͳ͍ΗͻɼΨϨΦϱτʖεϥϱΏઈ໎ճɼ‫ݜ‬रճΝߨ͑͞ͳ΍Ͳ͘Ζɽ͑ͪ͢͞ճͲͺɼ‫ث‬‫ݧ‬Ҿࢢɼฯ‫ޤ‬Ҿࢢɼ௅ޫΝࣖͤγ΢ϱɼʤऀճ͹ʥෝ୴ɼࣙࡶً͗͞ΕΏͤ͏ॄ஄͹Ί͵ΔͥɼްՎద
͵ղ೘ʤ෉࿧ʥͶͯ͏ͱ͹৚ๅΝ఑‫ͤڛ‬Ζɽ઒໵ՊΝড΃͏ͪ͢Εɼࣁ‫ݱ‬໪࿧Νฦॄͪ͢ΕͤΖ
͞ͳ΍ߡ͓ΔΗΖͫΘ͑ɽ αϝϣωτΡʖ͹൅ఴΏ՟ୌմ݀͹ͪΌͶɼࢴৼ͵͚‫׈‬ಊʀਜྙͤΖ‫ݺ‬ਕ͹͞ͳɽ

09̏̏ɻ֋࢟࣎͹६ඍ••ࣙࡶଲࡨ‫׈‬ಊͶ͕͏ͱकରదͶ‫ؖ‬༫ͤΖ͞ͳͺɼͨ͹ਕ͗‫ݺ‬ਕదͶकୌʤφϒρέʥͳ‫͗ܪ‬Ε͍͗Ζ͖ʹ͖͑Ͷ‫͚͵ܐؖ‬ɼࠖೋͲ෵ࡸ͵΍͹Ͷ͵ΕಚΖɽࣙࡶଲࡨͶࢂՅͤΖਕɼͳΕΚࣙ͜ਐΏՊଔ͗գ‫ڊ‬Ͷࣙࡶ‫ؖ‬࿊ߨಊΝ‫ͪ͢ݩܨ‬ਕͶଲͤΖ҈સଲࡨͺ๪Ηͱͺ͏͜͵͏ɽྭ͓ͻɼৼཀྵָదԢ‫ॴٺ‬஖ʤ:+2ʥɼӣӨҗҽճΉͪͺԾ෨җҽճ͹ߑ੔ҽ΃͹؄ಞʀιϩϓίΠɼࣙࡶ͹‫ݧث‬ҾࢢΏฯ‫ޤ‬ҾࢢΉͪࣙࡶ͹஻ޫΝࣖͤγ΢ϱ͵ʹͶ‫ͤؖ‬Ζ‫ݜ‬रΝ‫ݗ‬౾ͤΖՃ஍ͺ͍Ζʤ$QQH[ʥɽ̓ ɿ ࠹΍॑གྷ͵ʤཤ֒ʥ‫ंܐؖ‬ΝಝఈͤΖαϝϣωτΡʖ͹஦Ͳ࠹΍॑གྷ͵ༀׄΝ࣍ͯ‫ंܐؖ‬ɼͨ͢ͱগཔదͶӣӨҗҽճͶ΍ՅΚΖ͞ͳ͗Ͳ͘ΖΓ͑͵‫͵ͳंྙڢ‬ΕಚΖ‫ंܐؖ‬Ν‫ͯ͜ݡ‬Ζ͞ͳ͗॑གྷͳ͵ΖɽαϝϣωτΡʖͲϋρφϭʖέΝ͠ΔͶఴ֋͢ͱ͏͚ͪΌͶɼ‫ع‬Ͷ‫ݺ‬พͶ‫ؖ‬࿊੓͵͚ಊ͏ͱ͏Ζࣙࡶଲࡨ͗ɼ‫ڢ‬௒ద͵ࣙࡶଲࡨ΃ͳรԿ͢ͱ͏͚ͳ
͏͑໪దͶ͖͵͑ͫΘ͑ɽ‫ͳंܐؖ‬ͺɼૌ৭ɼ‫ؖؽ‬ɼͨ͢ͱ‫ݺ‬ਕ͵ʹ͗ߡ͓ΔΗΖͫΘ͑ʤ઴फ़͹ʰӣӨҗҽճΝ͚ͯΖʱ಼͹Ϩηφࢂলʥɽ‫ंܐؖ‬ͺͨΗͩΗҡ͵Ζ੓࣯Ν࣍ͯ͞ͳͶ஭қΝ෹͑චགྷ͍͗Ζɽ‫ंܐؖ‬͹ϜρϒϱήʀΦέγγ΢θ
ʤ‫ͳंܐؖ‬՟ୌͳ͹‫ؖ‬࿊෉͜ʥʤ෉࿧ʥͶΓΕҐԾ͹Γ͑͵ߴ໪Ν෾ੵͤΖ͞ͳͲɼΓΕળ໎͵য়‫ڱ‬Ν೘घͲ͘Ζ͖΍͢Η͵͏ʁ
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‫ࡑݳ‬਒Ό͍ͯͯΖࣙࡶଲࡨ΃कରదͶ‫ؖ‬༫ͤΖ͞ͳࣙࡶଲࡨͶकରదͶ‫ؖ‬༫ͤΖཀྵ༟ͳ͵ΕಚΖ΍͹ࣙࡶଲࡨͶकରదͶ‫ؖ‬༫ͤΖ৏Ͳൕ‫͵ͳ״‬ΕಚΖ΍͹αϝϣωτΡʖͶ͕͜Ζଠ͹ਕɼଠ͹ॄ஄ɼଠ͹‫ͳؖؽ‬͹‫ܐؖ‬ࣁ‫ݱ‬ʤਕదࣁ‫ݱ‬ɼࡔ੕దࣁ‫ݱ‬ʥ઒໵దқ‫ݡ‬͠Ή͡Ή͵‫ݺ‬ਕΏॄ஄͹ٗ೵ͳ‫ک‬Ίओ఼Ӫ‫ڻ‬͹୉͘͠ʤྭʁ੕ࡨదͳࣰભదͶ͕͜Ζʥ

‫ंܐؖ‬͹ྭʁ੕࣑ՊΏ٠ҽ੕࣑ՊͺαϝϣωτΡʖͶ͕͜ΖଲࡨΏղ೘ΝࢩԋͤΖͪΌͶ‫ؖ‬༫Ν‫ٽ‬ΌΔΗΖ͞ͳ͍͗Ζɼ͍Ζ͏ͺ੕࣑Պͺ੕ࡨ఺‫׷‬Ͷϫϑʖ‫׈‬ಊΝ͢ͱ΍Δ͑͞ͳ͗Ն೵Ͳ͍Ζɽஏ๏࣑ࣙରͺαϝϣωτΡʖ͹੕ࡨ఺‫׷‬Νߨ͑‫ݸݘ‬Ν࣍ͮͱ͕Εɼ॑གྷ͵ༀׄΝՎͪͤɽࢤௌଞ͹ࢩԋΝಚΖ͞ͳ͗Ͳ͘ΗͻɼαϝϣωτΡʖ͹ૌ৭ͶࣙࡶଲࡨΝૌΊࠒ΋͞ͳ΍Ն೵Ͳ͍ΖɽஏҮ͹қࢧ݀ఈंΏޮແҽͺࣙࡶଲࡨ͹‫ؽ‬ճΝ͚ͯΖघঁ͜Ν͢ɼ࿊‫ܠ‬ର੏Νߑ஛͢ɼಋͣΓ͑͵‫׈‬ಊΝ͢ͱ͏Ζ͹ͺ୯Ͳ͍Ζ͖ΝஎΖ͞ͳ͗Ͳ͘Ζઊ޹͹ཱི৖Ͷ͍Ζɽ͠Δ
Ͷɼ੕ࡨཱིҌंͺαϝϣωτΡʖ͹ϕϫήϧϞΏγʖϑη΃ࣁۜ఑‫ͤߨࣰ͢ڛ‬Ζͳ͏ͮͪ੕ࡨࢩԋͶ࠹΍॑གྷ͵ༀׄΝՎͪͤɽ
ޮ‫ڠ‬੕ࡨΏқࢧ݀ఈͺɼ࠹शదͶͺ੕࣑ՊΏՌָదࠞ‫ڎ‬ɼΉͪͨ͹ஏҮ͗࣍ͮͱ͏Ζ‫ࣆৼؖ‬Ͷࠪӊ͠Η
ΖɽॊͮͱɼࣙࡶଲࡨͶ‫ͱؖ͢‬੕ࡨཱིҌंΏΨϒωΨϱʀϨʖξʖ ͳқࢧ͹૆௪ΝਦΖ࣎ͺɼकରదͶ‫ؖ‬
༫ͤΖͪΌͶଡ༹͵‫͗ܙ‬खΔΗͪΕɼҡ͵ͮͪϟριʖζ͹ΏΕͳΕ͗͵͠ΗͪΕͤΖɽ‫ܯ‬ժ͹ஊ֌Ͳͺɼ੕࣑ՊΏΨϒωΨϱʀϨʖξʖ΃༙қٝͶकରద͵‫ؖ‬༫ΝͤΖͪΌ͹‫ؽ‬ճΝ໎Δ͖ͶͤΖ͞ͳ͗୉઀Ͳ͍
Ζɽ੻೜Ώཱི৖͗࣎ͳ‫ڠ‬ͶรԿͤΖՆ೵੓͍͗Ζ੕࣑Պͳकରద͵‫ؖ‬༫Ν‫ٽ‬ΌΖͶͺɼଡ୉͵࿓ྙΝགྷͤ
Ζ͞ͳ΍͍Ζ͹Ͳ஭қͤ΄͘Ͳ͍Ζɽฯ݊ҫྏ఑‫ͳंڛ‬ฯ݊ҫྏ؇ཀྵंଡ͚͹αϝϣωτΡʖͲͺɼޮ़Ӷਫ਼͹఑‫͗ंڛ‬উ֒ͳࣙࡶ͹ྈ๏͹ଲࡨΝ୴౲ͤΖ͞ͳ͗ଡ͚ɼͨ͹ͪΌฯ݊ҫྏϋρφϭʖέͲ͹ࣙࡶଲࡨͶ͕͏ͱ॑གྷ͵ༀׄΝՎͪͤଚࡑͳ͵Ζɽฯ݊ҫྏ͹఑‫ंڛ‬Νࣙࡶଲࡨ‫ܯ‬ժɼ‫׈‬ಊɼ඲ՃͶ‫ؖ‬༫ͦ͠Ζ͞ͳͺɼҐԾ͹Γ͑͵ଲࡨͶ༙ӻͲ͍Ζͳߡ͓ΔΗΖʁ•••ͤ΄ͱ͹ฯ݊ҫྏ͹઒໵ՊͶଲͤΖ‫ݜ‬र͹‫ؽ‬ճΝࢩԋͤΖ͞ͳ
ࣙࡶʀࣙࡶາਲ਼͹ࣆྭౌ࿧͹֨୉ͳ൅ਫ਼਼͹ๅࠄͶଲͤΖકྲྀΝ࿇Ε৏͝Ζ͞ͳࣙࡶ‫ؖ‬࿊ߨಊɼ͑ͯබɼΠϩαʖϩ࢘༽্֒ɼͨ͹ଠ͹੠ਈ࣮‫͕׳‬Γ;෼࣯࢘༽্֒͹ҫָద඲Ճͳ؇ཀྵΝրવͦ͠Ζ͞ͳ ੊࿨Ώॄ஄͹қࢧ‫ܙ‬੔Ͷ୉͘͵Ӫ‫ྙڻ‬Ν༫͓ΖΓ͑͵ਕ෼ɽ

10αϝϣωτΡʖ஄ରͳभ‫گ‬஄ରαϝϣωτΡʖ஄ରͳभ‫گ‬஄ରʤ৶‫ھ‬Ͷ‫ऀͱ͏Ͱخ‬ճๆ࢕‫׈‬ಊΝߨ͑஄ରʥͺɼαϝϣωτΡʖΝ‫ؽ‬೵͠
ͦΖͪΌͶ෈Նܿ͹ଚࡑͲ͍ΖɽαϝϣωτΡʖ஄ରͳभ‫گ‬஄ରͳ͏͑͹ͺɼαϝϣωτΡʖࣙରΏαϝϣωτΡʖ͹॑གྷ෨෾Ͷ૮౲ͤΖɼޮదʀࢴద͵ඉӨཤ஄ରʤϫʖνϨʖέϧϔΏϧ΢Ψϱθέϧϔɼඉ੕ැૌ৭ɼ‫گ‬ճɼ‫گ‬஄͵ʹʥ͹͞ͳͲ͍ΖɽΉͪ͑ͪ͢͞஄ରͺฯ݊ҫྏɼෳࢳɼܵढ़ΏชԿɼਦॽ
‫ؙ‬ɼ੪ঙ೧ү੔ΏαϝϣωτΡʖ֋൅ͳ͏ͮͪ෾໼Ͷ͕͏ͱ΍कରదͶ‫ؖ‬Κͮͱ͏Ζૌ৭Ͳ͍ΖɽαϝϣωτΡʖ஄ରͳभ‫گ‬஄ରͺɼଲ౵͹ཱི৖Ͷ͍Ζ஧ؔΝେනͤΖ΍͹Ͳ͍Εɼͨ͹ਕͪͬͳ͏ͯ΍૴͹ࠞϪϗϩͲकରదͶ‫ؖ‬Κͮͱ͏Ζɽ͑͞͏ͮͪ஄ରͺαϝϣωτΡʖ͹ेਕΝଲেͳͪ͢қࢧఽୣ͹ϋρφϭʖέɼϕϫήϧϞɼղ೘Νཱི֮͢ͱ͏͚ͫΘ͑ɽαϝϣωτΡʖ஄ରͳभ‫گ‬஄ର͹‫ंྙڢ‬ʤϏʖφψʖʥͺेਕͶघΝࠫ͢৵΄ɼαϝϣωτΡʖ͹ߑ੔ҽͳ͹৶བ‫ܐؖ‬Νཱི֮͢ɼඇ༽ΝດΌ߻Κͦɼਕదࣁ‫ݱ‬Ώࡔ੕దࣁ‫ݱ‬Νཤ༽ͤΖ͹Ͷༀཱིͯ͞ͳ͍͗ΖɽࣙࡶଲࡨͶ‫ؖ‬࿊ͤΖαϝϣωτΡʖ஄ରͳभ‫گ‬஄ରͺɼࣙࡶଲࡨΝ‫ޢ‬Ε߻͑৖ͶॵΌ͖ΔࢂՅͤΖ΄͘Ͳ͍Ζɽͨ͑ͤΖ͞ͳͲɼौೊ͵ଲԢ͗Ն೵Ͷ͵ΕɼαϝϣωτΡʖ஄ରͳभ‫گ‬஄ର͗ࣙΔ͹༑઎ࣆߴͳ߻
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ࣙࡶଲࡨ͹કྲྀΏɼॵյ͹ճ߻͹६ඍ๏๑ΝαϝϣωτΡʖͳ࿫͢߻ͮͪࡏͶɼࣙࡶͶଲ͢ͱ͠Δ͵Ζཀྵմ͗චགྷͲ͍Ζͳ͹‫״‬ৰΝಚͪɽͨ͹Γ͑͵ཀྵ༟͖ΔɼࣙࡶͶ‫ͤؖ‬Ζ‫ܔ‬൅ߪसճ͗
֋͖ΗͪɽࣙࡶଲࡨΝѽ͑ඉ੕ැૌ৭Ͳ͍Ζ61(+$͖ΔՁਕ͖͹ϚϧϱτΡΠ͗ɼ֐෨͖Δ͹༑ऴ͵ਕࡒͳ͢ͱড͖Ηͪɽ‫ܔ‬൅ߪसճͲͺਫ਼͘Ζ৏ͲηφϪηགྷҾͳ͵Ζ΍͹ɼ൳ఈద‫״‬৚ͳɼͨ͑ͪ͢‫״‬৚͹ଲॴ๏๑ɼ͑ͯয়ସΏࣙࡶ͹Ն೵੓͍͗Ζਕ΃͹Πϕϫʖο๏๑͵ʹ͹ߪԍ͗ߨΚΗͪɽޮࣞద͵αϝϣωτΡʖͳ͹ॵյ͹ճ߻Νࠄஎ͢ɼ‫ৼؖ‬͹͍Ζਕͤ΄ͱΝড͚ͪΌɼϛηνʖ͗ࡠ੔͠Η‫ࣖ͠ܟ‬Ηͪɽ੕ැ৮ҽɼฯ݊ҫྏ఑‫ंڛ‬ɼඉ੕ැૌ৭ͳ͏ͮͪ‫ंܐؖ‬΍ড͖Ηͪɽ61(+$Ώ6&$5)͹༑ऴ͵ਕࡒ͗ड़ੰͪ͢ճ߻Ͷͺɼ͕Γͨਕ͗ଏΝӣΞͫɽଡ͚͹αϝϣωτΡʖߑ੔ҽ͗સର͕Γ;ঘήϩʖϕͲ͹ࢂՅͲҲಌͶճ͢ɼईۜɼՊఋ಼໲
ୌɼਕؔ‫ܐؖ‬໲ୌɼࣨ‫ۂ‬য়ସɼࢾ‫ݩ‬͹ࣨഌ͵ʹɼࣙࡶ͹क͵‫ݬ‬ҾͲ͍Ζͳࢧ͑΍͹ͺՁ͖Ͷͯ͏ͱқ‫ݡ‬ΝިΚͪ͢ɽߑ੔ҽͪͬͺɼࢩԋద͵‫گ͗ͬͪڛࢢͲڧ؂‬үΝण͜ΔΗΖ͞ͳɼΉͪ‫ࡃܨ‬దʀ৚ॻద͵҈ఈͶͯ͵͗ΕɼࣙࡶΝ๹͛Γ͑͵࢕ࣆΝ֮ฯͤΖචགྷ੓͍͗Ζͳ‫͚ک‬क௃ͪ͢ɽ
αϝϣωτΡʖࣁ‫ݱ‬͹෾ාਦͺɼজͶ৯෉͘͹οϥʖέͳԚͲඵ͖Ηͪɽ̑ͯ͹ଞ͹੪೧Ώঃ੓ήϩʖϕɼஏҮ͹߶ߏ‫ࢥگ‬ɼ‫ݳ‬ஏ͹ඉ੕ැૌ৭͹େනं͵ʹͲӣӨҗҽճ͗ߑ੔͠Ηͪɽҗҽճͺޮ़ͳ͹ճ߻Ͳ࿫͢߻ΚΗ಼ͪ༲Ͷ‫ͱ͏Ͱخ‬ɼҐԾ͹Γ͑͵૱߻ద໪ඬΝಁΉ͓ͱɼղ೘ͶଲͤΖ఑ҌΝͪ͢ɽ•••ࣙࡶΏࣙࡶ͗΍ͪΔͤ‫ݳ‬েΝཀྵմͤΖऑंΏฯ‫͕ंޤ‬Γ;ࣙࡶາਲ਼ं΃͹৚ॻదʙৼཀྵదࢩԋΝ఑‫ͤڛ‬Ζࣉಒʀ੪೧͹ࣙࡶ‫ؖ‬࿊ߨಊΝ๹͛

13̏̏ɻ֋࢟࣎͹६ඍӣӨҗҽճ͹ߑ੔ҽͺॵյ͹ճ߻͹࢚ճंͳ͢ͱɼ౾٠಼༲͗कୌ͖Δ཯Η͵͏Γ͑ͶɼΉͪસҽ͗ͬ͘Ξͳ࿫Νซ͜ΖΓ͑ͶखΕ‫ܯ‬Δ͑ༀׄΝ࣍ͯ͞ͳͶ͵Ζʤ෉࿧ʥɽॽ‫ى‬Ώ‫ى‬࿧‫ܐ‬ͺɼॵյ͹ճ߻‫ޛ‬ͶϓΧϫʖΠρϕ͹ࠞ‫͵ͳڎ‬Ζਜ਼֮͵‫ى‬࿧ΝͳΔ͵͚ͱͺ͵Δ͵͏ɽࣙࡶଲࡨΏࢩԋͶଲ͢ͱɼαϝϣωτΡʖͲ‫ع‬Ͷཤ༽Ͳ͘Ζࣁ‫۫ͳݱ‬ରద͵ߨಊ͗໎֮Կ͠Ηͪɽͤ͛Ͷཤ༽Ն೵͵Ռָదࠞ‫ڎ‬Ώ۫ରద͵ߨಊͶ‫͠ͱؖ͢‬ΔͶ࿫͢߻ͮͪ͹ͬɼӣӨҗҽճͺ̑ͯ͹ߨಊΝखΖ͞ͳΝ݀ఈͪ͢ɽ ࣙࡶາਲ਼ंͶଲ͢ͱϑϓϪϱξʖθϕϫήϧϞʤ৚ॻదࢩԋʥΝߨ͑ ՊఋΏָߏͲ͹ηφϪηགྷҾ͹ͪΌͶɼ৚ॻద͵໲ୌΝ์͓ͱ͏ΖΓ͑͵ࢢ‫ڛ‬Ν‫ͯ͜ݡ‬ड़͢ɼࢩԋͤΖ͞ͳͶ঱఼Ν౲ͱͱ͏Ζָߏ͹੠ਈฯ݊ϕϫήϧϞΝࣰߨ͢ɼ͞͹஦Ͷϧ΢ϓηΫϩφϪʖωϱήΏ਒࿑ࢨ಍ΝૌΊ೘ΗΖ ਐۛ͵ਕΝࣙࡶͲ͚ࣨͪ͢ՊଔͶଲͤΖҪଔࢩԋήϩʖϕΝཱི֮ͤΖ
͞͹αϝϣωτΡʖͺɼࣙࡶາਲ਼ं΃̏೧ؔ͹৚ॻదࢩԋΝߨ͑͞ͳΝ໪ඬͳͤΖϑϓϪϱ
ξʖθϕϫήϧϞΝ࢟ΌΖͶ͍ͪΕɼஊ֌దͶఴ֋͢ͱ͏͚͞ͳͶ݀Όͪɽ̔ਕ͹‫ݳ‬ஏϚϧϱτΡΠ͗ɼ61(+$͹ϚϧϱτΡΠ͖Δ̐ೖؔ͹‫ݜ‬रΝण͜ɼʹ͹Γ͑Ͷࣙࡶ೨ྂ͹͍Ζਕ΃कରదͶ‫ؖ‬༫͢ɼ৚ॻదࢩԋΝ఑‫͢ڛ‬ɼඁືฯ࣍Νฯৄͤ΄͖͘ɼ͏ͯ୯͗઒໵దγʖϑηͶଲেͳ͵ΖਕΝͯ͵͝Ζ΄͖͘ͳ͏͑͞ͳͶͯ͏ͱָΞͫɽࣙࡶາਲ਼ं͗ஏҮ͹ϕϧ΢ϜϨʀίΠΝߨ͑බӅͲ࣑ྏΝण͜ΖࡏͶɼϑϓϪϱξʖθϕϫήϧϞΝ఑‫ͤڛ‬Ζ͞ͳ͗݀ఈ͠ΗͪɽබӅ৮ҽ͖ΔγʖϑηͶͯ͏ͱ͹৚ๅΝण͜खΕɼ‫͗ৼؖ‬͍Ηͻɼ‫ͱ͓گ‬΍Δͮͪ൬ߺͶ࿊ཙͤΖ͞ͳ΍Ͳ͘Ζɽพ͹๏๑ͳ͢ͱɼՆ೵͵ΔϚϧϱτΡ
ΠͶ൶Δ͹ు࿫൬ߺΝఽ͓ͱ΍Γ͏ɽ͠ΔͶͺɼබ౫ͶϚϧϱτΡΠͪͬ͹໌઴ͳు࿫൬ߺΝ‫ͱࣖ͢ܟ‬΍Γ͏ͫΘ͑ɽͨ͹ଠ͹‫׈‬ಊ಼༲΍ࠕ‫ޛ‬͹ͪΌͶ‫ܯ‬ժ͠ΗͪɽαϝϣωτΡʖ͹ߨಊ‫ܯ‬ժͺɼαϝϣωτΡʖͶΓΕમఈ͠Ηͪଲࡨ͹ϕϫιηࢨඬΏΠΤφΩϞࢨඬΝ༽͏ͱ஭қ਄͚ϠωνϨϱή͠ΗͪɽҐԾͺɼϑϓϪϱξʖθϕϫήϧϞ͗੔ޯཬͶ਒ṁ͢ͱ͏͚য়‫ڱ‬Ν֮೟ͤΖͪΌͶɼӣӨҗҽճ͗໎֮Ͷͪ͢ࢨඬͲ͍Ζɽ
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ҫྏࢬઅͶౌ࿧͠Ηͪ̑ͯ͹ଞ͹ࣙࡶາਲ਼ं਼
ϕϫήϧϞͶࢂՅͤΖ͞ͳͶಋқͪࣙ͢ࡶາਲ਼ं਼
γʖϑηΝणͪ͜ਕ͹਼఑ࣖͪ͢ు࿫൬ߺ΃ࣰࡏͶ࿊ཙΝͪ͢ਕ͹਼࠸;ࣙࡶາਲ਼Νͪ͢ਕ͹਼ϟυΡΠͺαϝϣωτΡʖͶ͕͜Ζ‫׈‬ಊ͹࠹৿৚ๅΝ஠࣏೘घͪ͢ɽๅಕ‫ؖؽ‬ͺϕϫήϧϞ͹
Ҳ෨ͳ͢ͱߨΚΗͪαϝϣωτΡʖ͹΢ϗϱφΏճ߻Ν࿫ୌͳ͢ͱखΕ৏ͪ͝ɽϟυΡΠͶΓ
ΖγϛʖφͺɼαϝϣωτΡʖͶकରదͶ‫ؖ‬༫ࣙ͢ࡶଲࡨ΃͹‫ܔ‬൅ΝߨͮͪΕ‫ؽث‬Ͷ໚ͪ࣎͢͹ଲॴ೵ྙΝ߶ΌͪΕͤΖʤVHQVLWL]DWLRQʥͪΌͶɼ‫ۅ‬Όͱ॑གྷͳ͵ΖɽϕϫήϧϞ֋࢟‫̑ޛ‬ϴ݆͗‫ܨ‬գͤΖͳɼαϝϣωτΡʖͺकରదͶ‫ؖ‬༫͢ͱ͏Ζͳ͏ࣰ͑‫͗״‬༛͘ɼणಊద͵ༀׄ͗कର੓͹͍Ζ΍͹΃ͳรԿͪ͢ɽਕʓ͹ࣙࡶଲࡨ΃͹қࣟ͗޴৏͢ɼࣙ
ࡶ΃͹‫ݡ‬๏΍รΚͮͪɽ͞͹Γ͑͵ϕϫήϧϞΝ௪͢ͱɼࣙࡶଲࡨϕϫήϧϞ͹॑གྷ੓Ώߑ੔ҽΝࢩԋͤΖ͞ͳ͹୉઀͠ΝɼαϝϣωτΡʖͺ೟Όͪ͹Ͳ͍Ζɽϕϫιη͹஦Ͳ໎֮Ͷ͵ͮͪ՟ୌͺɼ੠ਈฯ݊ΏࣙࡶͶ‫ͤؖ‬Ζஎࣟ͹ܿ೙ɼย‫ݡ‬ɼΉͪ෈ॉ෾͵ਕదࣁ‫ݱ‬Ώࡔ੕దࣁ‫ͳݱ‬‫ؖ‬࿊੓͍͗ͮͪɽਕʓͺๅृໃ͢Ͳͺಊ͏ͱ͚Η͵͏ͪΌɼϚϧϱτΡΠ‫׈‬ಊ΃͹ࢂՅͶͺ‫ݸ‬ֆ͍͗ͮͪɽΉͪɼ̑ͯ͹ଞ͹ऀճߑଆΏ‫׵‬सͶΓΕɼ৏ླྀΩʖηφͳԾླྀΩʖηφ͹ਕؔ͗‫͏ޕ‬Ͷ‫ؖ‬ΚΖͶͺ‫ݸ‬Ε͍͗ΕɼͨΗͶΓͮͱγʖϑη͹॑෵Ͷͯ͵͗ͮͱ͢Ήͮͪɽ͠ΔͶқࢧ݀ఈϕϫιηͲͺ‫ݺ‬ਕద͵‫״‬৚Ͷಧ͘ಊ͖͠ΗɼՌָదࠞ‫͗ڎ‬༑઎͠Η͵͖ͮͪɽ͑͞͏ͮ
ͪऀճదഐ‫ܢ‬Ͷ͕͏ͱɼ֐෨͖Δ͹༑ऴ͵ਕࡒʀ஧ղं͹ༀׄͺɼ࠹΍॑ࢻ͠ΗΖ΍͹Ͳ͵͚ͱͺ͵Δ͵͏ɽ͵ͧ͵Δɼ൶Δͺචགྷͳ͠ΗΖࢨ಍Νߨ͏ɼαϝϣωτΡʖ͗৚ๅΝ༫͓ΔΗ
ͪ৏Ͳમ୔Νߨ͑͞ͳ͗Ͳ͘ΖΓ͑ͶͤΖͪΌͲ͍Ζɽ

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３コミュニティーᘍѣ計画をᎋకƢǔ

５ コミュニティーᘍѣ計画のモニタリングと評価

６ コミュニティーのフィード
バックミーティング

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４ ዒዓႎƳȡȇᶁǢƷ෇ဇ ϜρϒϱήʀΦέγγ΢θΝߨ͑

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ߡ͓ΔΗΖ‫׈‬ಊͺɼ೸‫ۂ‬ॊࣆंͳͨ͹ՊଔΝଲেͳ͢͵͜Ηͻ͵Δ͵͏ͫΘ͑ɽࣙࡶͶ‫ؖ‬࿊ͤΖ༹ʓ͵གྷҾͶͯ͏ͱ͹ΓΕྒྷ͏ཀྵմΝ਄ΌΖ๏๑͹Ҳͯͳ͢ͱɼϜρϒϱήʀΦέγγ΢
θ͹ࣰࢬͳ͏͑घ๑͍͗Ζʤ෉࿧ʥɽ͞Ηͺɼ୉͘͵ࢶͶඵժ͢ͱ͏͚ͳ͏͑؈ୱ͵΍͹Ͳ͍Εɼࣟ࣊೵ྙ͗ఁ͏ஏҮͶ͕͜Ζࣙࡶଲࡨ΃͹ࢂՅΝଇͤ͞ͳ͗Ͳ͘ɼචགྷͲ͍ΗͻΓΕ෵ࡸ͵΍͹ͳͤΖ͞ͳ΍Ն೵Ͳ͍Ζʤ$UFKHUͳ&RWWLQJKDPʥɽ
࠹ॵͶɼࢂՅंͺαϝϣωτΡʖ͹஦Ͳ࢘ΚΗΏͤ͏ࣙࡶघஊͳͨ͑ͪ͢घஊΝ༽͏ͱࣙࡶ͗ߨΚΗΖ‫ݳ‬ࣰ͹৖ॶͲ͍Ζʰϙρφηϛρφʱʤࣙࡶً͗͞ΕΏͤ͏৖ॶʥͶͯ͏ͱߡࡱͤΖ͞ͳ͗‫ٽ‬ΌΔΗΖɽ୊್Ͷɼཤ༽Ն೵͵ऀճɼฯ݊ɼࣙࡶଲࡨ͹γʖϑη͗ʹ͞Ͳ఑‫͠ڛ‬ΗΖ͹͖ͳ͏͑‫ࣰݳ‬͹৖ॶΝ֮೟ͤ
ΖɽΉͪɼ୊ࢀͶɼཤ༽Ն೵͵γʖϑη΃͹Πέιη͹͢Ώͤ͠ɼγʖϑη͹ಝ௅ɼγʖϑη͹࣯Ͷͯ͏ͱ࿫͢߻͑͞ͳ͗චགྷͲ͍Ζɽ࠹‫ޛ‬ͶɼࢂՅंͺ༹ʓ͵αϝϣωτΡʖ͹ࣁ‫ݱ‬ɼ‫ߨࡑݳ‬ΚΗͱ͏ΖϕϫήϧϞɼઞࡑͤΖஏҮ಼Ͷ͕͜Ζ֪ࠫɼஏҮ͹՟ୌɼϟυΡΠ͹ༀׄ͵ʹ͹αϝϣωτΡʖ͹ࣙࡶଲࡨ͹‫ک‬Ίͳओ఼Ͷͯ͏ͱ౾٠Νߨ͑͞ͳ͗‫ٽ͚ک‬ΌΔΗΖɽ࿫͢߻͏Ν‫׈‬൅Կͦ͠Ζ࣯໲ྭͺҐԾ͹Γ͑͵΍͹Ͳ͍Ζʁv ࣙࡶ͹घஊͶͤ͛ͶΠέιηͲ͘ͱ͢Ή͑৖ॶͺʹ͖͞ʤ೸༂ʀ॒‫ح‬ʀ߶૜ϑϩʀ‫ڰ‬౵ʥv ҫྏγʖϑηɼऀճෳࢳγʖϑηͺʹ͞Ͳ఑‫͠ڛ‬Ηͱ͏Ζ͹͖ɽࣙࡶ‫ؖ‬࿊ߨಊΝͪ͢ਕ͹Πιηϟϱ
φɼϜϋζϟϱφɼϓΧϫʖΠρϕͶ‫ͤؖ‬Ζ‫ݜ‬रͺ͵͠Ηͱ͏Ζ͖v ஏҮ͹ָߏͺʹ͞Ͷ͍Ζ͖ɽϟϱνϩϖϩηΏࣙࡶ༩๹ϕϫήϧϞ͹‫گ‬үͺ͠Ηͱ͏Ζ͖v ͠Ή͡Ή͵ϟυΡΠ΃͹‫ܨ‬࿑ͺʹ͞Ͷ͍Ζ͖ʤһࡰ෼ɼτϪϑɼϧζΨ౵ʥɽϟυΡΠ઒໵ՊͺࣙࡶͶͯ͏ͱ͹੻೜͍Ζๅಕ͹‫ݜ‬र͗͠Ηͱ͏Ζ͖v ʹ͹వ͗ΠϩαʖϩӁྋΝ൤ജ͢ɼవ͹Ө‫ؔ࣎ۂ‬ͺՁ͖࣎ؔv αϝϣωτΡʖ಼Ͳ͹ࣙࡶଲࡨ͹γʖϑηͳऀճ‫خ‬൭ʤ΢ϱϓϧηφϧέοϡʖʥͶ͕͜Ζ֪ࠫͺʹ͹Γ͑͵΍͹Ͳ͍Ζ͖͞ΗΔ͹࣯໲౵ͺճ߻͹ࢂՅंͶΓͮͱ൅ͦΔΗ͵͜Ηͻ͵Δ͵͏ɽ਒ߨༀͺϜρϒϱήʀΦέγγ΢θ
͗ߨΚΗͱ͏Ζؔɼߑ੔ҽ͹қ‫͗ݡ‬ड़ΖΓ͑Ͷଇͤࣆ͗‫ٽ‬ΌΔΗΖɽϜρϒϱή͗‫׮‬྅ͤΗͻɼαϝϣωτΡʖ಼͹ʹ͞Ͷ֪ࠫ͗ଚࡑͤΖ͖ɼ΍ͮͳ΍චགྷ͵΍͹ͺՁ͖ɼࣙࡶϨηέ͹߶͏ਕͺʹ͹Γ͑͵ਕ͖Ͷͯ͏ͱ͹ཀྵմ͗ΓΕ਄ΉΖ͞ͳͶ͵ΖͺͥͲ͍Ζɽ े຿ࢂՅ‫ָܗ‬स͹ͽͳͯ͹घ๑Ͳ͍ΖɽϓΟεϨτʖνʖ͹న઀͵ࢨ಍͹΍ͳɼαϝϣωτΡʖߑ੔ҽ͗ࣙΔ͹αϝϣω
τΡʖ͹մ݀ͤ΄͘՟ୌʤྭ͓ͻࣙࡶ໲ୌʥͶͯ͏ͱɼஏਦΏਦනͶ‫༽׈‬Ն೵͵ࣁ‫ݱ‬౵Νॽ͘ࠒΊ‫ؖ‬࿊෉͜ͱ͏͚͞ͳͲɼ
՟ୌͶͯ͏ͱ͹ཀྵմΝ਄ΌΖॄ஄ద͵ָसघ๑ɽིࣟ࣊͹ఁ͏֋൅౏৏ࠅ౵͹αϝϣωτΡʖ౵Ͳɼे຿͗कରదͶαϝϣω
τΡʖ͹՟ୌͳͨ͹մ݀๏ࡨͶͯ͏ͱ͹ཀྵմΝ਄ΌΖ༙ް͵ٗ๑ͳ͠Ηͱ͏Ζɽ

16ΩψξͲͺɼຘ೧ɼ͕Γͨਕ͗ࣙࡶͲ๤͚͵ͮͱ͏ΖɽࣙࡶଲࡨͶ‫ͤؖ‬Ζ‫ܔ‬൅͹ͪΌ͹౔ྙɼࠅ಼Ͷ͕͜Ζࢨ಍ं͹ಊҽɼ͞͹‫ٺە‬ΝགྷͤΖޮ़Ӷਫ਼໲ୌͶଲॴͤΖͪΌͶɼΩψξ੠ਈฯ݊җҽճʤ0+&&ʥͺɼˎқ‫׷ިݡ‬ճͳ‫ͻݼ‬ΗΖΩψξસౖͶΚͪΖଲ࿫ॄճΝࣰ‫ݳ‬ͦ͠ɼαϝϣωτΡʖ͹ࣙࡶଲࡨ΃͹कରద‫ؖ‬༫Ν਒Όͪɽ೧ॵಆͶɼ0+&&ͺ࿊๞٠ճͲમड़͠Ηͪਕ͹ԾӅ٠ҽͤ΄ͱͶɼαϝϣωτΡʖͶ͕͜Ζࣙࡶଲࡨ͹қ‫׷ިݡ‬ճΝक࠷ͤΖͪΌ͹ࢩԋͳࡔ‫ݱ‬Ν఑‫ͪ͢ڛ‬ɽ͞͹Γ͑͵қ‫׷ިݡ‬ճ͹֋࠷Ν਒Ό͵͗Δɼ0+&&ͺஏҮϪϗϩͲࣙࡶଲࡨΝԃ‫׊‬Ͷ਒ΌΖͪΌ͹๏ࡨΝ໎֮Ͷ͢ɼαϝϣωτΡʖΝ‫׈‬ಊ͹৖ͳͤΖࣙࡶଲࡨϠυϩΝࡨఈͤΖͪΌ͹গཔ͹‫ܯ‬ժͶͯ͏ͱ͹৚ๅΝ఑‫ͪ͢ڛ‬ɽͨ͹‫ޛ‬ɼΝӿ͓Ζқ‫׷ިݡ‬ճ͗ΩψξસౖͲ֋࠷͠Ηͪ 0HQWDO+HDOWK&RPPLVVLRQRI&DQDGD ɽʰ͞Η͖Δ͹ಕ‫۔‬Νร͓ͱɼ৿ͪ͵ਕਫ਼Νਫ਼͘ΖʁΩψξ͹੠ਈฯ݊કྲྀʱͶ‫͏Ͱخ‬ͱɼ0+&&ͺ੠ਈฯ݊੏ౕΝ޴৏ͦ͠ɼΩψξਕ͹੠ਈฯ݊͹՟ୌͶଲͤΖߡ͓๏ΏߨಊΝร͓ͱ͏͚͞ͳΝଇͤༀׄΝ୴ͮͱ͏Ζɽࣙࡶଲࡨͺ0+&&͹࠹΍༑઎ౕ͹߶͏྘ҮͲ͍ΕɼΩψξ͹੠ਈฯ݊કྲྀͶ͕͏ͱ఼॑͗஖͖Ηͪ॑གྷ͵྘ҮͲ͍Ζɽ
ˎқ‫׷ިݡ‬ճͶ͕͜Ζͤ΄ͱ͹ΫϡϱϘʖϱ͹࠹श໪ඬͺɼࠞ‫ڎ‬Ͷ‫͚Ͱخ‬৚ๅͳαϝϣωτΡʖΝ‫خ‬൭Ͷͪࣙ͢ࡶଲࡨϕϫήϧϞΝ఑‫ͤڛ‬Ζ͞ͳͶ͍Εɼ࣏͹Γ͑͵໪దΝ࣍ͮͱ͏ͪɽ αϝϣωτΡʖͶ͕͜ΖࢂՅ‫ܗ‬͹ϚφϞΠρϕΠϕϫʖο͹఑ҌΝͤΖ͞ͳ ࣆ઴ଲԢʤSUHYHQWLRQʥɼࣆ‫ޛ‬ଲԢʤSRVWYHQWLRQʥɼ‫ؽث‬ղ೘ʤLQWHUYHQWLRQʥͶ‫ͤؖ‬Ζ༑ྒྷࣆྭΝ‫༙ͤڠ‬Ζ͞ͳ αϝϣωτΡʖϪϗϩ͹ࣙࡶଲࡨ͹ਬ਒Ν໪ࢨͤ৿ͪ͵ࢾΊͳ‫ؽ‬ճΝ‫ͳͤͫ͞͏ݡ‬ ࣙࡶΝ‫ݰ‬ঙͦࣙ͠ࡶΏࣙࡶ‫ؖ‬࿊ߨಊͶًҾͤΖ༙֒͵ऀճదӪ‫ڻ‬Ν‫ݰ‬ΔͤͪΌͶɼқ͍ٝ
ΖߨಊΝखΖ͞ͳˎқ‫׷ިݡ‬ճͺࠅճ٠ҽ΃͹‫ܔ‬൅‫׈‬ಊΝ਒ΌΖ͞ͳͶΉͥ঱఼Ν౲ͱͪɽ‫ܔ‬൅‫׈‬ಊͳͨ͹༙ӻ͵ްՎΝ࠹୉‫ݸ‬Ͷ߶ΌΖͪΌɼࠅճ٠ҽͺ͕‫͏ޕ‬Ͷ‫͗͵͢ྙڢ‬ΔɼαϝϣωτΡʖ͹஦Ͳ࠹΍༑ΗͪਕΝ‫ͯ͜ݡ‬ड़͢ɼνΤϱϙʖϩϝʖτΡϱήʤௌༀ৖Ώޮճಌ͵ʹͲ֋࠷͠ΗΖճ߻ʥͶࢂՅͦ͠Ζ͞ͳ͗Ͳ͘ΖΓ͑ͶͤΖༀׄΝ୴͑͞ͳͶ͵ͮͪɽ୉ଡ਼͵ࣆྭͲͺɼकགྷ͵΢ϗϱφΝ֋࠷ͤΖ͹ͶஏཀྵదͶ࠹΍΀͠Κ͢͏৖ॶͲɼ̐ਕҐ৏͹ࠅճ٠ҽ͗αϝϣωτΡʖ͹ࣙࡶଲࡨ͹कགྷճ߻ΝҲյक࠷ͤΖ͞ͳͶ‫ؖ‬Κͮͪɽ֦΢ϗϱφ͹‫ܯ‬ժͺαϝϣωτΡʖ͹क࠷ंͶΓͮͱ݀ఈ͠Ηɼཤ༽ͤΖ৖ॶΏɼࢂՅंΏࡔ‫ݱ‬ͶΓͮͱҡ͵ͮͱ͏ͪɽͤ΄ͱ͹ճ߻Ͳ੠ਈฯ݊Ώࣙࡶଲࡨ͗τʖϜ͹஦֫ͳ͠Ηͪ͗ɼˎқ‫׷ިݡ‬ճ͹΢ϗϱφͺͨΗͩΗಢࣙ੓͍͗Εɼͨ͹αϝϣωτΡʖ͹ऀճชԿద
ഐ‫ؖͳܢ‬࿊੓͍͗ͮͪɽ
ˎқ‫׷ިݡ‬ճͺϧΤϱχτʖϔϩճ٠ɼνΤϱϙʖϩϝʖτΡϱήɼϭʖϩχΩϓΥʀϭʖΫϱήήϩʖϕɼϕϪκϱτʖεϥϱ౵͹ଡ࠾͵‫ܙ‬Νखͮͱ͏ͪɽ͏͚͖ͯ͹ճ߻ͲͺஏҮ͹੠ਈฯ݊‫ؖؽ‬ΏɼࣙࢰҪଔɼࣙࡶ೨ྂΏࣙࡶ‫ؖ‬࿊ߨಊΝ༙ͤΖਕΝ‫ͯ͜ݡ‬Ζ‫ؽ‬ճΝଁΏͤༀׄΝ୴͑αϝϣωτΡʖ͹ߑ੔ҽ͗ΰηφߪԍंͳ͵ͮͪɽˎқ‫׷ިݡ‬ճϕϫήϧϞͲͺɼࠅճ٠ҽͪͬ͗ࣙ෾ͪͬ͹ஏҮ͹ωʖθΝ໎Δ͖ͶͤΖ͹Ͷྒྷ͏ཱིͬҒ஖Ͷ͏Ζ͞ͳ͗Κ͖ͮͪɽΫϡϱϘʖϱ‫׈‬ಊͺࠞ‫ڎ‬Ͷ‫ߑ͚Ͱخ‬੔གྷોΝ༙͢ͱ͕ΕɼҐԾ͹಼༲Ν‫؜‬ΞͲ͏Ζʁ

17̐ɻ ॵյճ߻Ͳ࿫͢߻͏Ν࢟ΌΖ%R[ɻΩψξ͹ࣆྭ‫ڂݜ‬• ΩψξͶ͕͏ͱ೧ؔʹΗ͚Δ͏͹ਕ͗ࣙࡶͲ๤͚͵Ζ͹͖ɼࣙࡶͶΓΖࢰ͗αϝϣωτΡʖͶ΍ͪΔͤऀճదӪ‫ڻ‬ͺʹ͹Γ͑͵΍͹͖Ͷͯ͏ͱɼࣙࡶϨηέ͹߶͏ήϩʖϕΝ‫؜‬΋क࠷ंͶଲ͢ͱ‫گ‬үΝߨ͑• ໍ͹҈સͶ‫ͤؖ‬ΖްՎద͵ճ߻Νक࠷ͤΖ͞ͳ͹॑གྷ੓Ν‫ک‬௒ͤΖɼ҈સͶ‫ͤؖ‬ΖϑυΨΝ֋൅ͤΖ• ࢩԋंΏ༑ΗͪਕΝ‫ͯ͜ݡ‬ड़͢‫׈‬༄͢ͱ΍Δ͑घঁ͜ΝͤΖˎқ‫׷ިݡ‬ճ͹ΫϡϱϘʖϱ‫׈‬ಊͲͺɼཤ֒‫ंܐؖ‬ʤ٠ҽΏͨ͹ηνρϓʥ͹‫ݳ‬৖Ͳ͹౔ྙΝࢩԋͤΖͪΌͶΠέιη͢Ώࣰ͚ͤભద͵ςʖϩΝ६ඍͤΖචགྷ੓͗໎Δ͖Ͷ͵ͮͪɽςʖϩॄͲ‫͠ى‬Ηͱ͏Ζ͹ͺҐԾ͹ࣆߴͲ͍Ζɽ
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ഐ‫͵ͳܢ‬Ζ৚ๅʤ༩ඍஎࣟʥ
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࿊‫ܠ‬઎ͳ͵Ζ‫ؖؽ‬ʀ஄ର౵΃͹Ϩϱέ
ॼ໌೘Ε࿨ઈ‫ࣆى‬͹ͽ͵‫ܙ‬ʤ෉࿧ʥ
ҪଔࢩԋʤSRVWYHQWLRQʥ͹஄ରʀ‫ؖؽ‬౵΃͹Ϩϱέ
ճ߻Ҍ಼͹؅൚
౾٠͹਒Ό๏͹घӀ͘ճ߻͹਒ߨༀʤϓΟεϨτʖνʖʥ͹૟ఈ࣯໲΢ϗϱφ͹֋࠷Ͷ޴ͪ͜ࡠ‫ۂ‬घॳॽ͹ͽ͵‫ܗ‬ʤ෉࿧ʥ
΢ϗϱφ౲ೖ͹૟ఈ͠ΗΖ٠ୌ͹਒ߨघॳॽ͹ͽ͵‫ܗ‬ʤ෉࿧ʥ

͞ΗΔ͹ςʖϩͳชॽ͹ͽ͵‫ܙ‬ͺɼϓϧϱη‫ޢ‬൝ͳӵ‫ޢ‬൝͹್ͯ͗༽қ͠Ηͱ͕Εɼक࠷ं͗ࡠ
੔ͪ͢τϱϕϪʖφͳ͢ͱξΤϱϫʖχ͗Ն೵ͳ͵ͮͱ͏ͱɼαϝϣωτΡʖ͹ωʖθͶ߻Κͦͱͨ͹಼༲ͺरਜ਼͗Ն೵Ͳ͍Ζɽˎқ‫׷ިݡ‬ճͺλʖεϡϩϟυΡΠͶण͜೘ΗΔΗͪɽς΢ρνʖ͹ύϱχϩ໌
ˑ0+&&BͺਕҐ৏͹ϓΧϫϭʖΝ࣍ͬɼΨϱϧ΢ϱαϝϣωτΡͺ֨୉͍ͯͯ͢Ζɽ
FRQYHUVDWLRQV͹ύρεϣνήͺࣙࡶଲࡨ‫ؖ‬࿊͹ς΢ʖφΏɼαϝϣωτΡʖ͹ࣁ‫ݱ‬Ώࣙࡶଲࡨ͹΢ϗϱφͶ໪Ν޴͜ͱ΍Δ͑ͪΌͶɼࣙࡶଲࡨ͹‫ंܐؖ‬Γͮͱఈ‫غ‬దͶ‫͠༽׈‬Ηͱ͏ͪɽϕϪηϨϨʖηΏωϣʖηϪνʖ‫ࣆى‬Ν‫؜‬Όͪॊཔ͹ϟυΡΠͶ΍࢘༽͠Ηͪɽˎқ‫׷ިݡ‬ճͲͺɼΩψξસౖ͹͍ΔΑΖஏҮͲ࠹ఁ̏յͺқ‫׷ިݡ‬ճΝ֋࠷͢ͱ΍Δͮͪɽ֦΢ϗϱφͲͺΩψξͶ͕͜Ζࣙࡶ໲ୌͳ‫ؖ‬࿊ͦ͠ͱɼࣙࡶଲࡨ͹ࠕ‫ޛ‬͹‫ݡ‬௪͢ɼ༑ྒྷࣆྭ
͹়ղɼࣙࡶଲࡨͳ͢ͱਬওͲ͘Ζ͞ͳͶͯ͏ͱ͹੔ՎΝಚΖ͞ͳ͗Ͳͪ͘ɽͨΗͩΗ͹αϝϣ
ωτΡʖͶͺαϝϣωτΡʖಢࣙ͹՟ୌ͍͗Εɼಝच͵՟ୌͶ௜໚͢ͱ͏ͪਕ޳ॄ஄΍͍ͮͪ͗ɼଡ͚͹ճͲߨΚΗͪ౾٠Ͳͺ໎Δ͖Ͷ‫ڠ‬௪͹τʖϜ͗࿨ͣΔΗͱ͏ͪɽͨΗͩΗ͹қ‫׷ިݡ‬ճ͹ๅࠄॽͲ໎Δ͖Ͷ͠Ηͪ՟ୌ͹ࠞఊͶ͍Ζ΍͹ͺɼҐԾ͹̑ͯ͹॑གྷ͵࿨఼Ͳ͍ͮͪʁ αϝϣωτΡʖͺΩψξ͹ࠅՊࣙࡶଲࡨકྲྀΝ‫ٽ‬Όͱ͏Ζɽ ย‫ݡ‬ͺࣙࡶଲࡨ͹ࠞఊͶ͍Ζ՟ୌͲ͍ΖͪΌɼย‫ݡ‬Ν‫ݰ‬Δ͢ͱ͏͚͞ͳͺӀ͘କ͘࠹༑઎
͹ࣆߴͲ͍Ζ΄͘Ͳ͍ΖͳࢂՅंͺ‫ͪ͏ͱͣ״‬ɽ ࠫ͢യͮͪࣙࡶ͹‫ؽث‬ͶଲॴͤΖ౔ྙΝߨ͓ͻߨ͑ΆʹɼࣙࡶଲࡨͶ఼॑Ν஖͚ϕϫήϧϞ͹ਕదʀ෼ద͵ࣁ‫ݱ‬͹෈ଏ͗໎Δ͖Ͷ͵ͮͪɽϒΠγϛʖφʤ஧ؔʀಋ྇ͶΓΖࢩԋʥ͹Γ͑͵಼༲Ͷͯ͏ͱ΍қ‫ި͗ݡ‬Κ͠Ηͪɽˎқ‫ݡ‬ި‫׷‬ճ͹ࢂՅं͹ଡ͚ͺࣙࡶາਲ਼‫͍ंݩܨ‬Ζ͏ͺࣙࢰҪଔͲ͍ΕɼϒΠγϛʖφͺյ෰͹գఖͶͳͮͱՁ͖͢ΔߢఈదͲ͍Εɼ༙ӻ͖ͯ॑གྷ͵΍͹ͳଌ͓ͱ͏ͪɽ0+&&͹ʰϒΠγϛʖφ͹ࣰભͳ‫ݜ‬र͹ͪΌ͹ࢨਓʤ6XQGHUODQGΔʥʱͲͺɼϒΠγϛʖφͺࣙࡶ‫ؖ‬࿊ߨಊ͹ࣰର‫ݩ‬Νͪ͢ਕ͹ؔͶ‫ڠ‬௪͹ࢩ࣍ద͵‫͍͗ܐؖ‬Ζ͞ͳ͗‫ى‬फ़͠Ηͱ͏Ζɽ

18

0+&&ͺқ‫׷ިݡ‬ճ͹΢ϗϱφ‫ࣁܐؖ‬ྋ͖Δɼࣙࡶଲࡨ͹ࣁ‫ݱ‬Ͷ‫ͤؖ‬Ζޮࣞๅࠄॽ͖Δघॽ͘͹‫ݺ‬ਕชॽΏ఑ҌॽΉͲ‫ˎ΁ٶ‬͹༹ʓ͵ϓΡʖχώρέΝणͪ͜ɽ͞͹Γ͑͵ଡ༹͵ชॽΏๅࠄॽͶΓΕɼਇ͹қັͲΩψξસҮ͖Δ‫ࡶࣙͪݡ‬ଲࡨͶ‫ͤؖ‬Ζ਄͏எࣟΝಚΖ͞ͳ͗Ն೵Ͷ͵Ζ͹Ͳ͍Ζɽ

19̐ɻ ॵյճ߻Ͳ࿫͢߻͏Ν࢟ΌΖ͞͹‫ڠ‬௪‫ݩܨ‬ͺࣙࡶ‫ة‬ժΝͪ͢າਲ਼ंͶͳͮͱ͹ࣙਐ͹ϟϱνϩϖϩηɼΉͪͺࣙࢰҪଔͶͳͮͱ͹Ѭ͢͏ਕ͹ࢰͳ‫ؖ‬࿊͢ͱ͏Ζɽˎқ‫׷ިݡ‬ճͲ͹‫ڂݜ‬Ώ‫ݺ‬พࣆྭͶ‫͚Ͱخ‬৚ๅͺɼϒΠγϛʖφ͗ऀճద͵ͯ͵͗ΕΏࢩԋΝ௪͢ͱɼ౲ࣆं͹ৼ͹௩ΊΝ࿪Δ͝ɼ೘Ӆ͹චགྷ੓Ν‫ݰ‬Δ͢ɼਫ਼‫׈‬͹࣯ΝրવͤΖ͞ͳͶༀཱིͮͱ͏Ζ͞ͳΝࣖ͢ͱ͏Ζɽ΢ϗϱφ͗੔ޯ͢ɼࠅճ٠ҽ͹ࢂՅ΃͹қཋ͗‫ܩ‬କ͢ɼαϝϣωτΡʖ͹‫ࠒ͘ת‬Ί͗‫ܩ‬କͤΖ͞ͳɼΉͪ
0+&&ͺˎқ‫׷ިݡ‬ճΝ೧݆͖̓Δ೧݆̓ΉͲ‫ܩ‬କͤΖ͞ͳΝ݀ఈͪ͢ɽαϝϣωτΡʖͺӀ͘କ͘қ‫׷ިݡ‬ճΝक࠷ͤΖ͞ͳͶ͵ͮͪɽ20Ძ ᧏‫଺ڼ‬ƷแͳᲬ И‫˟ׅ‬ӳưᛅƠӳƍǛ‫ڼ‬ǊǔᲯ ǳȟᶇȋȆᶁᶌᘍѣᚘဒƷȢȋǿȪȳǰƱᚸ̖Ჰ ǳȟᶇȋȆᶁᶌƷȕᶁᶌȉȐᶅǯȟᶌȆᶁȳǰ

21

Ხ ዒዓႎƳȡȇᶁǢƷ෇ဇ ࠹΍॑གྷ͵࿨఼ͳαϝϣωτΡʖͶ͕͜ΖࣰࢬՆ೵͵۫ରదߨಊΝ‫ͤັ۝‬Ζ ࣰߨՆ೵͵ߨಊͶଲͤΖࣁ‫ݱ‬ΝϜρϒϱήͤΖ ࣁۜΝॄΌΖ ༑઎ࣆߴͳࣁ‫ݱ‬ͶԢͣͪߨಊ‫ܯ‬ժΝཱིͱΖ ߨಊ‫ܯ‬ժͶ͕͏ͱɼʰ60$57(5໪ඬʱΝઅఈͤΖ ࣙࡶଲࡨ‫׈‬ಊͳαϝϣωτΡʖ΢ϗϱφΝਬ਒ͤΖͪΌͶΠΤφϨʖοકྲྀΝࡨఈͤΖᲭ ǳȟᶇȋȆᶁᶌᘍѣᚘဒǛᎋకƢǔ αϝϣωτΡʖ͹ߨಊ‫ܯ‬ժΝߡҌͤΖ αϝϣωτΡʖ͹ߨಊ‫ܯ‬ժΝߡҌͤΖຌহͲͺαϝϣωτΡʖ͗મఈͪ۫͢ରద͵໪ඬͶԌͮͱɼαϝϣωτΡʖ͹ࣰ৚Ͷଊͪࣙ͢ࡶଲࡨ͹ߨಊΝ‫͢ັ۝‬ɼ༑઎ॳҒΝͯ͜ɼࣰߨͤΖͪΌ͹ࣰભద͵घॳΝ఑ࣖͤΖɽ༑઎ॳҒΝ݀ఈ͢ɼ‫ܯ‬ժΝࣰߨͤΖϕϫιηͶ‫ؖ‬ΚͮͪӣӨҗҽճΏʤཤ֒ʥ‫ंܐؖ‬ͺɼॵյ͹ճ߻Ͳ͹࿫͢߻͏Ͷॊͮͱ࠸ডॄ͠ΗΖ΄͘Ͳ͍ΖɽӣӨҗҽճͺࠕ‫ޛ‬͹ճ߻Ν६ඍͤΖͶ͍ͪΕɼࢨ಍੓Ν൅‫ͤض‬Ζ
͞ͳ͗‫ٽ‬ΌΔΗΖͳͳ΍ͶɼαϝϣωτΡʖ͹ߨಊ‫ܯ‬ժΝʹ͹Γ͑Ͷ਒Όͱ͏͚͖Ͷͯ͏ͱ࿫͢߻͑‫ؽ‬ճΝ఑‫͜͵͢ڛ‬Ηͻ͵Δ͵͏ɽ‫ݗ‬౾ͤ΄͘གྷ఼ͺ࣏͹ͳ͕ΕͲ͍Ζɽ• ӣӨҗҽճͶ‫ؖ‬ΚΖ‫ݺ‬ਕΏήϩʖϕ͹қཋɼ࠹शదͶ൶Δ͗ୣ੔ͪ͢͏ͳ‫͏ͱͮب‬Ζ͞ͳ• ‫ݺ‬ਕΏήϩʖϕ͗ӣӨҗҽճͶࢂՅͤΖ͞ͳͶΓΕ΍ͪΔ͠ΗΖࣁ‫ݱ‬ʤ઒໵దஎࣟɼ࣎ؔɼࣁۜ౵ʥ• ‫ݩܨ‬৏எΔΗͱ͏Ζࠖೋɼ্֒ɼଇ਒གྷҾ• ͠Ή͡Ή͵ਕΏήϩʖϕ͗࣍ͮͱ͏Ζٗ೵ͳ‫ک‬Ί୉઀͵͞ͳͺɼॵյ͹ճ߻͹஦Ͳ఑ً͠Ηͪ࠹΍॑གྷ͵࿨఼Ν‫ͤັ۝‬ΖͪΌͶͺɼॉ෾Ͷௗ͏࣎ؔ͗චགྷͶ͵Ζͳ͏͑͞ͳͲ͍Ζɽ͵ͧ͵Δɼ࠹΍॑གྷ͵࿨఼ͺஏҮ͹ऀճชԿదഐ‫ؖͳܢ‬࿊͢ͱ͕Εɼ͠ΔͶన઀͵αϝϣωτΡʖ͹ߨಊ‫ܯ‬ժΝߡҌͤΖ͞ͳͶ΍݃;෉͏ͱ͏Ζ͖ΔͲ͍Ζɽ̏ɿ࠹΍॑གྷ͵࿨఼ͳαϝϣωτΡʖͶ͕͜ΖࣰࢬՆ೵͵۫ରదߨಊΝ‫ͤັ۝‬ΖϜρϒϱήʀΦέγγ΢θΝࣰࢬͤΖϕϫιηͶ͕͏ͱɼଲেͳͤΖαϝϣωτΡʖ͹ࣙࡶଲࡨͶ‫ͤؖ‬Ζ࠹΍॑གྷ͵࿨఼͹‫ؖ‬࿊෉͗͜͠ΗΖͫΘ͑ɽαϝϣωτΡʖ͹ްՎద͵ࣙࡶଲࡨ͹ߨಊ‫ܯ‬ժͶͺɼखΕૌ΋΄͘՟ୌͳ࠹΍‫͚ؖک‬࿊ͪ۫͢ରదߨಊ͗੟ΕࠒΉΗͱ͏͵͚ͱͺ͵Δ͵͏ɽॊͮͱɼϜρϒϱήʀΦέγγ΢θͶΓΕූ৏ͪ͢࿨఼ͺɼαϝϣωτΡʖ͹ߨಊ‫ܯ‬ժͶ͕͏ͱ໎֮Ͷࣖ͠ΗɼૌΊࠒΉΗ͵͜Ηͻ͵Δ͵
͏ɽ͑ͪ͢͞࿨఼ͺɼҐ઴Ͷࡀ୔͠Ηͪ૱߻ద໪ඬΏ‫׈‬ಊ൥ҕͳল߻͢ͱ͕͚͞ͳ͗චགྷͲ͍Ζɽଠ͹αϝϣωτΡʖ͗༽͏ͪकରదͶ‫ؖ‬༫ͤΖϕϫιηɼͯΉΕ੔ޯͪ͢ࣆྭɼ‫͖ݩܨ‬ΔָΞͫ͞ͳɼΠϕϫʖο๏๑Ώߨಊ͹‫و‬ໝ͵ʹΝ‫ͤৄݗ‬Ζ͞ͳͶΓΕʤ෉࿧ʥɼࣙΔ͹αϝϣωτΡʖ͹ࣙࡶଲࡨ͹ฦ੔ͳన༽൥ҕΝ݀ఈ͢Ώ͚ͤ͵ΖͫΘ͑ɽްՎదͲ͍Ζ͞ͳ͗Κ͖ͮͱ͏ͱɼ͠ΔͶࣙΔ͹αϝϣωτΡʖͳ‫ܐؖ‬͹͍ΖଲࡨΝ໎֮ͶͤΖ͞ͳ͗ਬও͠ΗΖʤ෉࿧ʥɽ
αϝϣωτΡʖ͗ࣙΔ͹ߨಊ‫ܯ‬ժͶ͕͏ͱଲॴͪ͢͏ͳߡ͓ΖՆ೵੓͹͍Ζ՟ୌͶͺҐԾ͹Γ͑͵΍͹͗
͍Ζ $OOHQΔ ɽ
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αϝϣωτΡʖͶ͕͜Ζभ‫گ‬ద৶‫ھ‬ΏชԿద৶೨ͶًҾͤΖࣙࡶͶ‫ͤؖ‬Ζย‫ݡ‬αϝϣωτΡʖͶ͕͜Ζࣙࡶ΃͹ཀྵմ͹ఁ͠༲ҝͶΠέιηͲ͘ɼͤ͛Ͷ࢘༽Ն೵͵ࣙࡶ͹घஊ͗घۛͶ͍Ζ͞ͳʤ೸༂ɼ॒‫ح‬౵ʥ൤ജΏਫ਼ࢊͶ੏༁͗͵͏ͪΌͶΠϩαʖϩ͗༲ҝͶ೘घͲ͘Ζ͞ͳऀճదηφϪηགྷҾʤࢾ‫ؔغݩ‬஦͹ਫ਼ైΏָਫ਼͹ηφϪη౵ʥ෈న઀͵ๅಕΝ͢ͱࣙࡶΝߨ͘գ͙ͪන‫Ͳݳ‬खΕ৏͝ΖஏҮϟυΡΠ‫ۃ‬ࣙࡶϨηέ͹߶͏ਕΏࣙࢰҪଔ͗ཤ༽Ն೵͵ࢩԋΏγʖϑη͗෈ଏ͢ͱ͏Ζ͞ͳαϝϣωτΡʖΏஏۢฯ݊‫ؖؽ‬Ͷ͕͏ͱɼ‫ݜ‬रΝणͪ͜ฯ݊ҫྏ‫෈͗ंܐؖ‬ଏ͢ͱ͏Ζ͞ͳৼཀྵऀճదΩΤϱιϨϱή͗෈ଏ͢ͱ͏Ζ͞ͳʤαϝϣωτΡʖɼָߏɼऀճෳࢳιϱνʖ౵ͶʥࢩԋΏγʖϑηΝචགྷͳͤΖਕͺҐԾ͹Γ͑͵ਕͲ͍Ζɽ
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ՊଔΝࣙࡶͲࣨͮͪ
Ґ઴Ͷࣙࡶາਲ਼Νͪ͢੠ਈฯ݊৏͹໲ୌΏࠂෲͤ΄͘՟ୌ͍͗ΖΠϩαʖϩΏͨ͹ଠ͹෼࣯͹༙֒͵࢘༽Ν‫ͪ͢ݩܨ‬‫ࡃܨ‬దଝࣨΝඅͮͪອ੓ద͵௩ΊΏ࣮‫͍͗׳‬Ζ
ࣙࡶ͹Պଔྼ͍͗ΖٰଶΏ๭ྙΝणͪ͜͞ͳ͍͗Ζ22࣏Ͷߨ͑͹ͺɼ໎֮Ͷ͵ͮͪ՟ୌΝ‫͢ັ۝‬ʤ෉࿧ʥʹ͹՟ୌͶଲࡨ͗‫ٽ‬ΌΔΗͱ͏Ζ͖Ν٠࿨ͤΖ͞ͳ
Ͳ͍Ζɽ՟ୌ͹஦ͶͺαϝϣωτΡʖ͹੏‫ޜ‬Ώ೵ྙ͹‫͏͵ͻٶ‬΍͹΍͍Ζ͖΍͢Η͵͏͗ɼ͞͞Ͳ΍ΏͺΕӣӨҗҽճ͗՟ୌΝ‫ܔ‬൅ͤΖࡏͶ஦ৼదༀׄΝՎͪͤ͞ͳͶ͵Ζʤγʖϗ΢ϧϱηεητϞ౵ʥɽΉͪɼαϝϣωτΡʖͶ͕͏ͱ‫ߨࡑݳ‬ΚΗͱ͏Ζࣙࡶଲࡨ͹౔ྙ΍࠸೟ࣟ͠ΗΖ΄͘Ͳ͍Εɼͨ͹౔ྙͶ‫ߨͱ͏Ͱخ‬ಊ‫ܯ‬ժΝཱིͱΖ͹͗Γ͏ͫΘ͑ɽࣰࢬ‫ޛ‬͹ްՎͶՌָదࠞ‫͗ڎ‬೟ΌΔΗΖϕϫήϧϞͺಝͶ஭໪͠Η͵͚ͱͺ͵Δ͵͏ɽ
ߡ͓ΔΗΖ‫׈‬ಊྭΝҐԾͶ‫͝ڏ‬Ζɽ͞ΗΔͺ֦αϝϣωτΡʖ͹ωʖθɼଲে஄ରɼཤ༽Ն೵͵ࣁ‫ݱ‬Ͷ‫خ‬Ͱ͘ɼͨ͹ஏҮ͹ऀճదഐ‫ܢ‬ͶనԢͦ͠Ζ͞ͳ͗қਦ͠Ηͱ͏Ζ &DSLUH&RQVXOWLQJ*URXS
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ΖɽࣙࡶΏࣙࡶଲࡨͶͯ͏ͱ͹࿑৏ޮԍΏԍܸɼ‫ܔ‬൅͹ͪΌ͹‫ݜ‬रճΏ‫ܔ‬൅ΫϡϱϘʖϱΏ‫ܔ‬൅ुؔɼޮ
‫ڠ‬΢ϗϱφɼࣁۜॄΌ͹ͪΌ͹΢ϗϱφɼ৿ซ͹‫ࣆى‬ɼϧζΨΏτϪϑ͹൬ૌɼ౾࿨ճɼϧΤϱχτʖϔϩ౾٠ɼ‫ڢ‬٠Ώճ߻͵ʹɼ͠Ή͡Ή͵झྪ͹ޮ‫ڠ‬΢ϗϱφ͗֋࠷͠ΗΖͫΘ͑ɽͨΗͶՅ͓ͱɼָߏɼ৮
৖ɼ‫خࣆ܋‬ஏɼ‫ܒ‬ແॶɼླഊ৖ɼชԿద΢ϗϱφΏॄΉΕ͵ʹɼ਼ʓ͹৖΍ߡྂ͠ΗΖͫΘ͑ɽ୊Ҳਕंʤ࠹΍༙໌Ͳ‫ܡ‬ΚΗͱ͏ΖਕʥΏฯ݊ҫྏ͹઒໵ՊɼՊଔΝࣙࡶͲࣨͮͪਕΏࣙউ͹ࣰର‫ݩ‬͹͍Ζਕ͹ࢩԋήϩʖϕେනं͖Δ࿫Νซ͏ͪΕɼ݊߃ଁ਒͹ͪΌ͹ܵढ़໚Ͳ͹खΕૌΊͶΓͮͱɼͨ͹౔ྙ͗͠ΔͶՅଐ͠ΗΖ͞ͳ΍͍Ζ 0RKDWW Δ  ɽαϝϣωτΡʖ͗ࣙࡶଲࡨͶ৒Εड़͢ɼ༑઎ॳҒ͹߶͏΍͹ͳ͢ͱ੊ؔͶஎΔ͢ΌΖ͞ͳͲɼஏҮ͗੷‫ۅ‬దͶ‫ؖ‬༫͢ͱࣙࡶं਼Ν‫ݰ‬ঙͦ͠ɼαϝϣωτΡʖ͹ࢩԋΏकରద͵‫ؖ‬༫Ν൅ఴͦ͠Ζघঁ͜ͳ͵Ζɽย‫ݡ‬Νक़ঘͦ͠ΖͪΌͶࣙࡶͶ‫ͤؖ‬Ζଲ࿫ΝଁՅͦ͠Ζ͞ͳͺɼࣙࡶଲࡨͶ͕͏ͱҲൢదͶखΕ೘ΗΔΗͱ͏Ζ‫׈‬ಊͲ͍Ζɽࣁ‫ݱ‬ҲལΝࡠ੔͢ɼસͱ͹γʖϑηͳϕϫήϧϞΝ‫ؖ‬࿊෉͜ɼ‫ܨ‬࿑ΝϜρϒϱήͤΖαϝϣωτΡʖͺ਼ଡ͚͹ࢩԋγʖϑηΏࢩԋϕϫήϧϞΝ࣍ͮͱ͏Ζ͞ͳ͗ଡ͏ɽͨΗΔͺࣙࡶϨηέ͹͍ΖਕΝࢩԋ͢ɼͳΕΚࣙ͜ࡶາਲ਼Νͪ͢͞ͳ͍͗Ζਕ΃͹ϓΧϫʖΠρϕίΠΝ఑‫ͤڛ‬Ζ͹Ͷༀཱིͯɽ͑ͪ͢͞ࣁ‫ݱ‬ͶͺΩΤϱιϨϱήΏͨ͹ଠ͹ϕϧ΢ϜϨʀίΠγʖϑηͳ͏͑‫ܙ‬ΏɼऀިέϧϔΏη
ϛʖςέϧϔΏηϛʖς΢ϗϱφͳ͏ͮͪ‫ܙ‬ΝखΖ͞ͳ΍͍ΖͫΘ͑ɽࣁ‫ݱ‬ͶΓͮͱިླྀ͹֨୉͗‫غ‬ଶͲ
͘Ζ৖߻΍͍ΖɽࣙࡶଲࡨͶ‫ؖ‬࿊ͤΖ‫׈‬ಊͳ͏͑͹ͺɼγʖϑηΏਕదࣁ‫ݱ‬ʤฯ݊ҫྏ‫ंܐؖ‬ɼΰʖφΫʖϏʖ౵ʥΝ໎֮ͶͤΖ͞ͳɼγʖϑη͹‫ܨ‬࿑ΝϜρϒϱήͤΖ͞ͳɼ͠ΔͶαϝϣωτΡʖͲ͑͢͞
ͪγʖϑηΏϕϫήϧϞΝਬ਒ͤΖ͞ͳɼͨΗΔͶ͖ͮ͢Εͳ‫ؖ‬࿊੓Ν࣯࣍ͪͦ͹߶͏γʖϑηΏίΠΝ
఑‫ͤڛ‬Ζ͞ͳɼࣙࡶ͹‫ݧث‬ҾࢢͶͯ͏ͱָस͢චགྷ͵࣎ͶਕΝ‫ͪ͝ܪ‬Εͤ͛ͶΠέιηͲ͘ΖΓ͑Ͷͪ͢ΕͤΖ͞ͳͲ͍Ζɽ͞ΗͺࣙࡶଲࡨͶ͕͏ͱҲൢదͶߨΚΗΖ‫׈‬ಊͲ͍Ζɽࣙࡶ͹‫ؽث‬Ͷ௜໚ͪ͢ਕ΃͹ࢩԋγʖϑηΏঁ͜Ν‫ٽ‬ΌΖߨಊΝଇͤࣙࡶ‫ؖ‬࿊ߨಊͺਕ͗‫ؽث‬Ͷ‫࣎ͪͮؗ‬Ͷً͞Ζ͞ͳ͗ଡ͏ɽαϝϣωτΡʖͺɼྭ͓ͻϟυΡΠͳ͹‫͵ྙڢ‬ʹ͹ࡏͶɼు࿫૮஌Ώࢩԋήϩʖϕɼͨ͹ଠ͹ࣙࡶ͹‫ؽث‬దয়‫΃ڱ‬͹ղ೘γʖϑη͗ཤ༽Ն೵Ͳ͍Ζ͞ͳΝ‫͚ک‬क௃ͤΖ͞ͳͲ॑གྷ͵ༀׄΝՎͪͤ͞ͳ͗Ͳ͘ΖɽΉͪαϝϣωτΡʖͺɼ͑ͪ͢͞γʖϑη͹ཤ༽Ν֋࢟ͪ͢Εଁ୉ͦͪ͠ΕͤΖͪΌ͹ϫϑʖ‫׈‬ಊΝͤΖ͹Ͷ΍ༀཱིͯɽ͠ΔͶ‫ؽث‬Ͷ௜໚͢ͱ͏Ζਕ͗ঁ͜Ν‫ٽ‬ΌɼγʖϑηΝཤ༽ͤΖ͞ͳΝଇͤ͞ͳ΍Ͳ͘Ζɽࣙࡶ͹‫ؽث‬Ͷ௜໚ͪ͢ਕ΃͹ࢩԋγʖϑηΏঁ͜Ν‫ٽ‬ΌΖߨಊΝଇͤ͞ͳͺɼࣙࡶଲࡨͶ͕͏ͱҲൢదͶߨΚΗΖ‫׈‬ಊͲ͍Ζɽࣙࡶघஊ΃͹ΠέιηΝ੏‫ͤݸ‬Ζ೸༂ΝΓΕ҈સͶཤ༽ͤΖͪΌͶαϝϣωτΡʖ͗ղ೘ͤΖ೸༂ͺ࠹΍॑୉͵ࣙࡶघஊͲ͍Εɼ੊ֆ஦͹ࣙࡶ͹୉ଡ਼ΝઐΌΖɽ೸༂ͺఁॶಚࠅͳ஦ॶಚࠅ͹೸ଞஏଵͶ͕͏ͱಝͶ‫ݔ‬೨͠Ηͱ͏Ζ΍͹Ͳ͍ΖɽॊͮͱαϝϣωτΡʖͺɼࣙΔ͹ऀճదഐ‫ܢ‬Ͷ͕͏ͱ࠹΍Γ
͚༽͏ΔΗΖࣙࡶघஊΝ֮ఈͤΖ͞ͳ͗॑གྷͲ͍Ζɽ23̑̑ɻ αϝἁωτỻổߨಊ‫ܯ‬ժΝߡҌͤΖ՟ୌͳ͵ΕಚΖ΍͹ͺ਼͓͘Η͵͏Άʹ͍Εɼଡ͚͹αϝϣωτΡʖͺಋ࣎Ͷ̐ͯҐ৏͹՟ୌͶଲॴͤΖ
͞ͳͶ͵ΖͫΘ͑ɽॵյ͹ճ߻ͲϜρϒϱήʀΦέγγ΢θΝࣰࢬͤΗͻɼଲেͳ͵ΖαϝϣωτΡʖͶ‫ؖ‬࿊ͤΖ࠹΍॑གྷ͵՟ୌΝ໎֮ͶͤΖ͞ͳ͗Ͳ͘ΖɽΉͪুಊదͶࣙࡶΝͤΖΓ͑͵য়‫ڱ‬Ͷ͕͏ͱɼਕʓ͗೸༂Νཤ༽Ͳ͘͵͏Γ͑ͶαϝϣωτΡʖͶकରదͶ‫ؖ‬༫ͦͪ͠ΕɼαϝϣωτΡʖͶଲͤΖ‫گ‬үɼ‫ܔ‬൅ϕϫήϧϞɼ൤ജవΏ೸༂࢘༽ं΃͹‫ݜ‬रΝߨ͑͞ͳ΍॑གྷͲ͍Ζ :+2 E ɽ೸༂Ώ॒‫ʹ͵ح‬͹ࣙࡶघஊ΃͹ΠέιηΝ੏‫ͤݸ‬Ζ͞ͳͺɼࣙࡶଲࡨͶ͕͏ͱްՎ͍͗Ζ͞ͳ͗Κ͖ͮͱ͏Ζ :+2 ɽ੻೜͍ΖϟυΡΠๅಕͳޮ़͹‫ܔ‬൅‫׈‬ಊϟυΡΠΏ৚ๅఽୣʤαϝϣωίʖεϥϱʥ͹ͪΌ͹Ϊ΢χϧ΢ϱΝ͚ͯΖ
ஏҮϧζΨ‫ۃ‬ɼτϪϑɼ৿ซ͵ʹ͹ϟυΡΠͺɼࣙࡶΏࣙࡶଲࡨɼঁ͜Ν‫ٽ‬ΌΖ͞ͳɼʹ͞Ͷঁ͜Ν‫ٽ‬ΌΖ΄͖͘Ͷ‫ͤؖ‬Ζޮ़Ӷਫ਼దϟριʖζΝ߁͚எΔ͢ΌΖͪΌ͹༙ӻ͵‫ܨ‬࿑ͳ͵ΕಚΖɽಋ࣎ͶϟυΡΠ
͗ͬ͘ΞͳࣙࡶͶ‫੻ͱؖ͢‬೜͍ΖๅಕΝߨ͏ɼన઀͵৚ๅఽୣ͹Ϊ΢χϧ΢ϱΝࡠΖ͞ͳ͗॑གྷͲ͍Ζ:+2D ɽๅಕ‫ंܐؖ‬͹ͪΌ͹‫ݜ‬रΝ‫ة‬ժʀ֋࠷͢ɼஏҮϧζΨ‫ۃ‬Ώ৿ซऀͳ‫ࡶࣙͱ͢ྙڢ‬ଲࡨ΃͹౔ྙΝ‫ڠ‬Ͷ‫ک‬ԿͤΖ͞ͳ΍Ͳ͘ΖɽϟυΡΠͶ͕͜Ζ੻೜͍ΖࣙࡶๅಕͺɼࣙࡶϨηέ͹߶͏ਕʓͶଲ͢ໝแࣙࡶΝ๹ࢯͤΖ৏ͲްՎ͍͗Ζ͞ͳ͗Κ͖ͮͱ͏Ζ :+2 ɽָߏͶ͕͜ΖࣙࡶଲࡨϕϫήϧϞ
੠ਈฯ݊͹‫ܔ‬൅‫׈‬ಊΝߨ͏ɼָߏͳ͏͑‫ڧ؂‬Ͷ͕͏ͱٗ೵‫ݜ‬रΝࣰࢬͤΖ੪೧‫غ‬͹ࣙࡶ‫ؖ‬࿊ߨಊͺ୉͘͵໲ୌͲ͍Ζ͞ͳ͗ଡ͏ɽ੪೧‫غ‬Ͷ੠ਈฯ݊͹‫ܔ‬൅Νߨ͏ɼෝ୴ͳ͵Ζϧ΢ϓ
΢ϗϱφɼηφϪηɼࣙࡶ‫ؖ‬࿊ߨಊͶଲॴͤΖͪΌͶචགྷ͵ηΫϩΝ‫ک‬ԿͤΖ͞ͳ͗॑གྷͳ͵Ζ $VHOWLQH
Δ  .XWFKHU Δ  :DVVHUPDQ Δ  :LOFR[ Δ  ɽָߏୱҒͲ͹ղ೘ͺࣙࡶଲࡨͶްՎ͍͗Ζ͞ͳ͗Κ͖ͮͱ͏Ζ :+2 ɽऑंΝηέʖϩʀϒΠγϛʖφϕϫήϧϞΝ‫؜‬΋ࣙࡶଲࡨ͹ཱིҌͶՅ͓Ζ
ଠ͹ॄ஄ͳಋ༹ͶɼऑंͺऑंࣙਐΝଲেͳͪࣙ͢ࡶଲࡨϕϫήϧϞ͹‫ܯ‬ժΏࣰߨ͹ࡏͶ࠹΍॑གྷ͵ଚࡑͳ͵Ζɽ൶ΔͺαϝϣωτΡʖͶ಼ࡑͤΖɼαϝϣωτΡʖ͗कରదͶ‫ؖ‬༫ͤΖͪΌ͹‫ܯ‬ժϕϫιηͶૌΊࠒ΋΄͘‫ݧث‬ҾࢢΝಝఈ͢ͱ͚ΗΖɽಝͶɼࣁ‫͗ݱ‬๣͢͏৖߻Ͷͺऑं͗ϒΠγϛʖφʀϕϫήϧϞ͹ཱིҌͶՅΚΖͳྒྷ͏ ,OOEDFNΔ6FRWW ɽΠϩαʖϩଲࡨΝࡀΕ೘ΗΖΠϩαʖϩ͹༙֒͵࢘༽ͳ༂෼͹࢘༽Ν๹ࢯʀक़ঘͦ͠ΖαϝϣωτΡʖͺ‫ܔ‬൅‫׈‬ಊΝߨ͏ɼΠϩαʖϩ໲ୌΏ༂෼࢘༽໲ୌΝ์͓Ζ‫ݺ‬ਕͳͨ͹ՊଔͶɼࣙঁΏϒΠʀϋρφϭʖέॄ஄Ν‫؜‬΋αϝϣωτΡʖίΠΏࢩԋΝ఑‫ͤڛ‬Ζ͞ͳ͗Ͳ͘ΖɽΉͪɼາ੔೧΃͹ΠϩαʖϩӁྋ൤ജΝ๹ࢯ͢ɼΠϩαʖϩΝड़͠͵͏‫ڧ؂‬ʤऑंηϛʖς΢ϗϱφ͵ʹ͹ಝพ͵΢ϗϱφ‫ؔغ‬౵ʥΝࢩԋͤΖ͞ͳ΍Ͳ͘Ζ :+2 ɽָߏͲͺɼϧ΢ϓηΫϩ ϕϫήϧϞ͗ࣙࡶଲࡨ͹ͪΌͶࣰࢬ͠Ηͱ͏Ζɽ͍ΔΑΖ෼࣯࢘༽্֒ͺࣙࡶ͹ϨηέΝଁ୉ͦ͠Ζ͞ͳ͖Δɼ͑ͪ͢͞ϕϫήϧϞͺҲൢదͶߨΚΗΖࣙࡶଲࡨ‫ؖ‬࿊‫׈‬ಊͳ͵ͮͱ͏Ζɽࣙࡶ‫ؖ‬࿊ߨಊΝ૥‫غ‬Ͷಝఈ͢ɼ࣑ྏ͢ɼϓΧϫʖΠρϕͤΖαϝϣωτΡʖ͹ฯ݊ҫྏ‫ंܐؖ‬Ώϕϧ΢ϜϨʀϖϩηίΠ‫ंܐؖ‬Ͷɼࣙࡶ‫ؖ‬࿊ߨಊ͹ҫָద඲Ճͳ؇ཀྵ
͹‫ݜ‬रΝߨ͏ɼ͠ΔͶ੠ਈద‫ۦ‬௩ɼອ੓仑௩ɼ੠ਈ࣮‫׳‬Ώ෼࣯࢘༽্֒͹‫ݜ‬र΍ߨ͏ɼࣙࡶາਲ਼ं΃͹ϓΧϫʖΠρϕΝ఑‫ͤڛ‬Ζྭ͓ͻ:+2͹PK*$3ղ೘Ϊ΢χ :+2F:+2E ౵Ν༽͏ͱฯ݊ҫྏ‫ंܐؖ‬Ͷ‫گ‬үΏ‫ݜ‬रΝߨ͑͞ͳͲɼ࠹΍චགྷͳ͢ͱ͏ΖਕʓͶన࣎ͶްՎద͵ࢩԋ͗఑‫͠ڛ‬ΗΖΓ͑Ͷ͵Ζ͞ͳ͗॑གྷͲ͍ΖɽΉͪɼ௪ӅΏ࣑ྏ͹‫ޛ‬Ͷऀճదࢩԋ͗෈ଏ͢ͱ͏Ζ͞ͳ΍ଡ͚ɼਕʓͺίΠΝण͜ΔΗ͵͏ͳࣙ෾͗‫ͱࣼݡ‬ΔΗͪΓ͑Ͷࢧ͑ͫΘ͑ɽର‫ܧ‬ద͵ϓΧϫʖΠρϕͺɼࣰ֮Ͷৼཀྵऀճద͵ࢩԋΝ఑‫ͤڛ‬ΖͪΌͶɼ͘ΚΌͱ॑གྷ͵΍͹ͳ͵Ζ :+2F ɽ͞ΗͺࣙࡶଲࡨͶ͕͏ͱްՎ͍͗Ζ͞ͳ͗Κ͖ͮͱ͏Ζ :+2 ɽαϝϣωτΡʖࢨ಍ंͳΰʖφΫʖϏʖ༙͗༽͵ਕదࣁ‫͵ͳݱ‬ΖΓ͑‫ݜ‬रΝߨ͑αϝϣωτΡʖ͗ࣙࡶଲࡨ΃कରదͶ‫ؖ‬༫ͤΖͶ͍ͪΕɼϨʖξʖερϕͳ͏͑͹ͺ੔ޯཬͶ಍͚ͪΌ͹࠹΍॑གྷ͵གྷҾͳ͵ΖɽαϝϣωτΡʖͶͺɼޮࣞΉͪͺඉޮࣞ͹ࢨ಍ंʤܱࡱɼ੕࣑Պɼभ‫گ‬దࢨ಍ं౵ʥ
͗͏ͱɼͨ͹ਕୣͺ‫ڠ‬௪͹໪ඬΝୣ੔ͤΖͪΌͶɼαϝϣωτΡʖΝΉͳΌਕʓΝ݃଍ͦ͠Ζ৏Ͳ॑གྷ͵ༀׄΝՎͪͤɽ ᷦ౽ΏηφϪηɼਕؔ‫ܐؖ‬౵ɼ͠Ή͡Ή͵໲ୌΏགྷ‫ٽ‬ͶଲॴͲ͘Ζ೵ྙɽ

24

ϓΧϫʖΠρϕίΠͳαϝϣωτΡʖ͹ࢩԋࣙࢰҪଔ͹ͪΌ͹ࣙঁήϩʖϕΝ࢟ಊͤΖ
ࣙࡶͲҪ͠Ηͪਕ͹ࣙঁήϩʖϕͺɼಋͣ‫ݩܨ‬Νͪ͢ଠ͹ਕͳ‫ر‬Εశ͑৖ͳͤΖ͞ͳͲɼήϩʖϕ͹ਕͪͬͶ༒‫͜Ͱـ‬ΔΗɼཀྵմΝಚͱɼͨΗΝΉͪଠ͹ਕͶଲ͢ͱߨ͑͞ͳ͗Ͳ͘Ζɽࣙঁήϩʖϕͺ‫گ‬үద͵ༀׄ΍࣍ͬɼࢰพͪ͢͞ͳͶΓΖ൷͢Ί͹ϕϫιηΏࣙࡶͶ‫ؖ‬࿊ࣰͪ͢ࡏ͹য়‫ڱ‬ɼ͠Ή͡Ή͵ฯ݊઒໵Պ͹ༀׄͶ‫ͤؖ‬Ζ৚ๅΝ఑‫ͤڛ‬Ζ͞ͳ΍Ͳ͘Ζ :+2 ɽ͑͞͏ͮͪࣙঁήϩʖϕཱིͬ৏͝͵ʹ͹‫׈‬ಊͺɼࢩԋ͹࣯ΝฯৄͤΖͪΌͶ઒໵ద͵Ϊ΢χͳ‫ͤྙڢ‬Ζ͞ͳ͗ਬও͠ΗΖɽࣙࢰҪଔʤࣙࡶ͹‫ޛ‬ͶҪ͠Ηͪਕʓʥ͹ͪΌ͹ࣙঁήϩʖϕ͹࢟ಊͺɼαϝϣωτΡʖͶ͕͏ͱҲൢదͶߨΚΗͱ͏Ζ͞ͳͲ͍ΖɽࣙউߨҟΝࣰର‫ͪ͢ݩ‬ਕ΃͹ࢩԋΝًͤ͞αϝϣωτΡʖͺࣙࡶາਲ਼ं͹ࢩԋ΃͹घঁ͗͜Ͳ͘ΖɽαϝϣωτΡʖ͹΢ϗϱφΝ‫ة‬ժ͢ɼࢩԋϕϫήϧϞΏࣙঁήϩʖϕΝઅ஖ͤΖ͞ͳͲɼາਲ਼ं౲ਕΏՊଔ͗ऀճ͖Δ઀Ε཯͠ΗΖ͞ͳ͵͚ɼ݃ՎదͶࣙࡶ͹ً͞ΕΏͤ͠ΏϨηέΝܲ‫ͤݰ‬Ζ͞ͳͶ͵Ζɽ͞ΗΉͲͶࣙউΝ‫ͪ͢ݩܨ‬ਕͺɼࠕͨ͹໲ୌΝ์͓ͱ͏ΖਕΝʹ͑ࢩԋͤΖ΄͖͘Ͷͯ͏ͱ͹घ͖͗Εͳ͵ΖͫΘ͑ɽ͑ͪ͢͞‫׈‬ಊͺࢩԋ͹࣯ΝฯৄͤΖͪΌͶɼ઒໵ద͵ࢨ಍ͳ‫ڠ‬ͶߨΚΗΖ͹͗ྒྷ͏ͳߡ͓ΔΗΖɽαϝϣωτΡʖͲ͹ࢩԋΝཱིͬ৏͝Ζ͞ͳͺࣙࡶາਲ਼ं
ΝϓΧϫʖΠρϕͤΖࡏ͹॑གྷ͵གྷોͳ͵ΖɽࣙࡶϨηέ͹߶͏ॄ஄ͶଲͤΖࣙࡶ͹ࣆ‫ޛ‬ଲԢΝߨ͏ɼ‫܊‬൅ࣙࡶΝ๹ࢯͤΖָߏɼ୉ָɼ৮৖ɼ߶ྺं͹ࢬઅΏे୒͵ʹͶ͕͏ͱηνρϓΏϚϧϱτΡΠ͹‫ݜ‬रΝߨ͑͞ͳͶΓΕɼࣙࡶາਲ਼Ώࣙࡶً͗ͪ͘‫ޛ‬Ͷߨ͑ࢩԋ΃͹घঁ͜ͳ͵ΖͫΘ͑ɽࣙࡶ͹௜‫ޛ‬Ͷͺɼࣙࡶ͹Ӫ‫ڻ‬Νणͪ͜ਕʓ͗
൷୲Ͷ฽Ηɼ஑Ώࡓ͹қࣟΏౘΕΝְ͓Ζ͞ͳͲɼͨ͹ਕࣙਐ͹ࣙࡶϨηέ͗߶͚͵ͮͱ͢Ή͑Ն೵੓͍͗
Ζɽ‫ͬ࣍ـ‬͹յ෰Νଇ͢ɼ‫܊‬൅ࣙࡶ͹Ն೵੓Ν๹ࢯͤΖͪΌ͹ࢩԋ͗චགྷͳ͠ΗΖɽ‫܊‬൅ࣙࡶͳͺɼͽͳͯ͹ࣙࡶ͗ଠ͹ࣙࡶΝӀًͤ͘͞ͳ͏͑ࣙࡶ࿊࠱͹͞ͳͲ͍Ζ &'&3XEOLF+HDOWK(QJODQG ɽࣆ‫ޛ‬ଲԢ͹ͪΌ͹‫ܯ‬ժΝ੖͓ɼࣙࡶ௜‫ޛ‬Ͷ͕͜Ζࢩԋ͹ͪΌ͹‫ݜ‬रΝߨ͑͞ͳͺɼ͞͹Γ͑͵‫ܯ‬ժ͗‫܊‬൅ࣙࡶΝ๹͛΍͹Ͳ͍Ζ͞ͳ͖ΔɼࣙࡶଲࡨͶ͕͏ͱҲൢదͶߨΚΗͱ͏Ζ‫׈‬ಊͲ͍Ζɽ߶ྺंΝଲেͳͪ͢ϕϫήϧϞ
߶ྺंΝଲেͳͪࣙ͢ࡶଲࡨϕϫήϧϞ
αϝϣωτΡʖΝ݃ॄͦ͠ΖࡏͶɼࣁ‫͗ݱ‬ยͮͱଚࡑ͢ͱ͏Ζͳ͏͑͞ͳ͗໲ୌͳ͵Ζ͞ͳ͍͗Ζɽྭ͓ͻɼଠ͹ࣁ‫ͳݱ‬ർ΄ͱɼ߶ྺं͹ࣙࡶͶ఼॑Ν஖͏ͪࣁ‫ݱ‬͹ׄ߻ͺఁ͏͖΍͢Η͵͏ɽαϝϣωτΡʖͺ߶ྺंΝଲেͳͪࣙ͢ࡶଲࡨϕϫήϧϞΝࡠΖͳྒྷ͏ͫΘ͑ɽͨ͹಼༲ͺɼ߶ྺं͹ࣙࡶଲࡨ໲ୌͶ‫ͤؖ‬Ζ‫ܔ‬൅Νߨ͏ʤฯ݊ҫྏ‫ंܐؖ‬Ώ߶ྺंͳಉ͚ਕɼ߶ྺंΝղ‫ޤ‬Ν͢ͱ͏ΖਕΝ‫؜‬΋ʥɼ݊߃Ͷ೧Ν॑͸Ζ͞ͳΏɼਫ਼‫׈‬ਭ६͹րવ΃͹ࣆ઴඲ՃΝߨ͏ɼघঁ͜ͳ͵ΕಚΖऀճదࢩԋʀαϝϣωτΡʖͶΓΖࢩԋΝଇ਒ͤΖ͵ʹͲ͍Ζ (UODQJVHQΔ ɽ໪దқࣟΝ޴৏ͦ͠ΖΓ͑͵‫׈‬ಊΏϕϫήϧϞɼϪζϨΦϱηʤࠖೋ͵য়‫ڱ‬Ͷ۸͢͵͏͞ͳʥΏͨ͹ଠ͹ฯ‫ޤ‬Ҿࢢ͵ʹ͗఑‫͠ڛ‬ΗΖ͞ͳ΍͍ΖͫΘ͑ 6$0+6$ ɽͨΗͶͺ߶ྺंࢬઅΏ߶ྺं༽े୒΍‫؜‬ΉΗΖɽ͞ΗͺࣙࡶଲࡨͶ͕͏ͱҲൢదͶߨΚΗͱ͏Ζ‫׈‬ಊͲ͍Ζɽ৮৖Ͷ͕͜ΖϕϫήϧϞ
৮৖Ͷ͕͜Ζࣙࡶଲࡨ‫׈‬ಊΝ֋࢟ͤΖรԿܻ͗͢͏ࠕೖ͹‫ڧ؂‬Ͷ͕͏ͱɼඅ‫ं༽ޑ‬ͺࣙΔ͹৮Ώত਒͗‫͵͚͑ث‬Ζ͞ͳΝ‫ڬ‬Ηͱɼ୉ร͵য়‫ڱ‬ԾͶ͍Ζͳ͏͑͞ͳΝ‫͏ݶ‬ड़͢Ͷ͚͏৖߻͗ଡ͏ɽ࿓ಉं͹ࣙࡶͺɼ‫ݺ‬ਕ͹ࣙࡶϨηέ͹߶͠ΏɼηφϪη͹ଡ͏৮৖‫ڧ؂‬ʀਫ਼‫׈‬য়‫͗ʹ͵ڱ‬෵ࡸͶӪ‫ً͘Ͳͳ͑͞߻͢ڻ‬Ζ΍͹ͫ͗ɼ৮৖ͺಋ࣎ͶࢩԋదༀׄΉͪͺΰʖφΫʖϏʖ͹‫ؽ‬೵Ν൅‫ͤض‬Ζ͞ͳ΍͍Ζɽͨ͑ͤΖͪΌͶͺɼ‫ܔ‬൅ΫϡϱϘʖϱʤ৮৖Ͷ͕͜Ζ੠ਈฯ݊Ͷͯ͏ͱ౵ʥΝ௪͢ͱ‫༽ޑ‬कͶ͑ͪ͢͞໲ୌΝ়ղͪ͢Εɼ‫ؽث‬దয়‫ڱ‬Ͷ͏ΖਕΏࣙࡶ೨͍ྂ͗ΖਕΝʹ͹Γ͑Ͷघঁ͜͢ɼࢩԋ͢ͱ͏͚͞ͳ͗Ͳ͘Ζ͖Ͷͯ͏ͱ͹ࣰભదࢨ಍ΝߨͮͪΕͤΖ͞ͳ͗Ͳ͘Ζɽ͠ΔͶɼαϝϣωτΡʖͳ‫ڢ͗ۂة‬ಉ͢ͱɼ೜ໍ͠Ηͪ‫༽ޑ‬कͳඅ‫ं༽ޑ‬ͶΰʖφΫʖϏʖͳ͵ΖͪΌ͹‫ݜ‬रΝߨ͑͞ͳ΍Ͳ͘Ζ :+2 ɽ25

ɻ αϝἁωτỻổߨಊ‫ܯ‬ժΝߡҌͤΖ̑̑͑ͪ͢͞αϝϣωτΡʖ͹ࢨ಍ंΏͨ͹ଠ͹कགྷ͵ߑ੔ҽͪͬʤ؅‫ࢥޤ‬ɼҲൢҫɼλʖεϡϩϭʖΩʖɼ‫گ‬ࢥɼܱࡱɼভ๹࢞ɼ‫ܒ‬ແॶΏ‫܋‬͹‫ंܐؖ‬ɼ‫༽ޑ‬क౵ʥͺɼΰʖφΫʖώʖͳ͢ͱ͹ༀׄ΍୴͑͞ͳ͗Ͳ͘ɼ
αϝϣωτΡʖͲࣙࡶϨηέ͹͍ΖਕΝಝఈͤΖࡏͶ੷‫ۅ‬దༀׄΝՎͪͦΖΓ͑ͶɼࣙࡶଲࡨͶ‫ͤؖ‬Ζ‫ݜ‬रΏ‫گ‬үΝͬ͘Ξͳण͜Ζ͞ͳ͗॑གྷͲ͍Ζ .UDO Δ  ɽΰʖφΫʖϏʖ཈੔‫ݜ‬रͺࣙࡶଲࡨͶ͕͏ͱҲൢదͶߨΚΗͱ͏Ζ‫׈‬ಊͲ͍Ζɽ͑͞͏ͮͪྭͺҲ෨Ͷգ͙ͥɼ͠ΔͶଡ͚͹ߨಊ͗ߡ͓ΔΗΖɽॊͮͱɼࣙࡶͶ‫ؖ‬࿊ͤΖ‫ݧث‬ҾࢢΝࢻ໼Ͷ೘ΗͯͯɼಋͣΓ͑͵՟ୌΝ์͓ࣙࡶͶଲͤΖ౔ྙΝߨͮͱ͏Ζଠ͹αϝϣωτΡʖ͹ଚࡑΝஎΖͳͳ΍Ͷʤ‫ޛ‬ʓɼࣙࡶଲࡨߨಊ‫ܯ‬ժΝखΕ೘ΗͱనԢͦ͠Ζ͞ͳ͗Ͳ͘ΖʥɼαϝϣωτΡʖͶӪ‫ڻ‬Ν༫͓ͱ͏Ζ࠹΍॑གྷ͵՟ୌΝ͠ΔͶ‫ݗ‬౾ͤΖ͞ͳ͗෈Նܿͳ͵Ζɽ̐ɿࣰߨՆ೵͵ߨಊͶଲͤΖࣁ‫ݱ‬ΝϜρϒϱήͤΖ
ࣰߨՆ೵͵ࣙࡶଲࡨߨಊΝαϝϣωτΡʖ͗݀ఈͪ͢Δɼ࣏͹ஊ֌ͺͨΗͩΗ͹ߨಊͳ‫ؖ‬࿊͹͍Ζචགྷ͵ࣁ‫ݱ‬Ν‫ݗ‬౾ͤΖ͞ͳͲ͍Ζɽචགྷͳ͵Ζࣁ‫ݱ‬ΝϜρϒϱή͢ʤਕదࣁ‫ݱ‬ɼࡔ੕దࣁ‫ݱ‬ɼ΢ϱϓϧηφϧέ
οϡʖ౵ʥɼͨΗΔ͗αϝϣωτΡʖ͹ʹ͞Ͷ͍Ζ͹͖Ν໎Δ͖Ͷ͢ɼ‫ࡑݳ‬΍࢘༽Ն೵͖Ν֮೟ͤΖ ෉࿧ ɽ࿫͢߻͏͹ࡏͶְ͓ͱ͕͚΄࣯͘໲ͺҐԾ͹௪ΕͲ͍Ζɽસൢద͵ཻқࣆߴʁ• ʹ͹‫ؖ͗ؖؽ‬༫ͤΖ΄͖͘ɽͨ͹‫ؖ͗ؖؽ‬༫ͤΖ͞ͳͲʹ͹Γ͑͵Ճ஍͗෉Յ͠ΗΖ͖• ‫׈‬ಊ͹਒ߨ༩ఈͺʹ͑͵ͮͱ͏Ζ͖ɽ‫׈‬ಊΝࣰࢬͤΖ͹Ͷనͪ࣎͢‫غ‬ͺ͍Ζ͖ਕదࣁ‫ݱ‬ʁ• ʹ͹Γ͑͵ਕదࣁ‫͗ݱ‬ཤ༽Ն೵͖
• ୯͗ߨಊ͹‫ܯ‬ժɼࣰࢬɼ඲ՃɼΠχϚΩεʖͶ‫ؖ‬ΚΖ΄͖͘• ӣӨҗҽճͳԾ෨җҽճ͖Δචགྷͳ͠ΗΖ࣎ؔࣁ‫ݱ‬ͺՁ͖ࡔ੕దࣁ‫ݱ‬ʁ• ߨಊͶʹ͹͚Δ͏͹ඇ༽͖͖͗Ζ͖ɽࣰࢬͤΖͶͺʹ͹͚Δ͏͹ࡔ੕దࢩԋ͗චགྷͳ͵Ζ͖• ໃྋͲ͓࢘Ζࣁ‫ݱ‬ͺ͍Ζ͖ʤϧζΨΏτϪϑ͹๎ૻ࣎ؔɼޮ‫ࠄ߁ڠ‬౵ʥ• ʹ͹Γ͑͵ࡔ੕దࣁ‫͗ݱ‬ཤ༽Ն೵͖ɽཤ༽Ͳ͘Ζߨ੕͹ϕϫήϧϞͺ͍Ζ͖ɽ൅ఴՆ೵͵ࡔ੕దࢩԋ͹఑Ҍ͍͗Ζ͖
΢ϱϓϧηφϧέοϡʖʁ• ۫ରద͵৖ॶ͹ωʖθ͍͗Ζ͖ʤαϝϣωτΡʖෳࢳιϱνʖɼޮ‫ڠ‬͹৖౵ʥࣁۜ௒ୣ͗ॉ෾Ͳ͍Ε࣍କదͲ͍Ζ͞ͳͺɼࣰߨՆ೵͵ߨಊ‫ܯ‬ժΝࡠΕड़ͤࡏͶ‫ۅ‬Όͱ॑གྷͳ͵Ζɽࣁۜ௒ୣͳͺɼࣁ‫ݱ‬͹ഓ෾Ν௪͢ͱ໪ඬΝࣰࡏ͹ߨಊͶร͓ΖϟΩωθϞͲ͍Ζɽ‫ࡑݳ‬͹ࣁ‫ݱ‬͹ྖʤఖౕʥΏࣁ‫ݱ‬͗ʹ͑࢘ΚΗͱ͏Ζ͖ΝཀྵմͤΖͪΌͶɼγʖϑηΝϜρϒϱή͢ɼࣁۜ௒ୣεητϞΝ໎֮ͶͤΖ͞ͳͺචགྷͲ͍Ζɽ‫͍ࡑݳ‬Ζࡔ‫ݱ‬ͺɼ‫ޛ‬ʓ࠹୉͹ཤӻͳ͵ΕಚΖΓ͑෾ഓ͠ΗΖචགྷ͍͗Ζ :+2 ɽ̑ɿࣁۜΝॄΌΖαϝϣωτΡʖͶॉ෾͵ࡔ੕దࣁ‫͗ݱ‬ໃ͏৖߻ͺɼߨಊ‫ܯ‬ժΝࣰߨͤΖͪΌ͹ࣁۜ௒ୣ͹ͪΌͶɼଡ਼͹༙ްద͵ࣁۜ͹फॄ๏๑͗ͳΔΗΖͫΘ͑ɽࣁۜ͹फॄͺαϝϣωτΡʖ΃͹͠Ή͡Ή͵‫ܙ‬͹ࢩԋΝ‫ًͤ׫‬ΖϕϫιηͲ͍Ζɽࣁۜफॄ͹๏๑ͶͺҐԾ͗‫؜‬ΉΗΖɽ• ࣁۜ͹‫ڛ‬༫ंͶ఑ҌॽΝड़ͤʤঁ੔ۜΏࣁۜԋঁϕϫήϧϞ౵͹ʥ• ඉ੕ැૌ৭ɼ୉ָɼ‫ڂݜ‬஄ରɼࠅ͹‫ؖؽ‬ɼࠅࡏ‫ʹ͵ؖؽ‬Ͷٗढ़దࢩԋΝ‫ٽ‬ΌΖ• αϝϣωτΡʖ͹ࣁۜ௒ୣકྲྀΝɼࡔ஄ɼ‫ؖؽ‬ɼ‫ۂة‬ήϩʖϕ͹໪ඬͳҲ஗ͦ͠Ζ• ௉Ώ࢕ࣆ઴͹αʖϐʖॄճ͵ʹ͹࣌વ΢ϗϱφΝ֋࠷͢ɼͨ͞Ͷ৚ๅ఑‫༽ڛ‬͹ʖϓϪρφΏϛηνʖΝ஖͘ɼࣙࡶଲࡨ‫׈‬ಊ͹ͪΌ͹‫෉ر‬Νߨ͑ʤูۜസ౵Ͷʥ• ൤ജ͢ͱࡔ੕దࢩԋͶร͓Ζ͞ͳ͗Ͳ͘Ζ‫ݻ‬஥ɼ஦‫ݻ‬͹Պ۫ɼ‫ݻ‬ຌɼ஦‫ݻ‬ऄɼ͠ΔͶ஦‫ݻ‬͹े୒͵ʹɼ‫ݳ‬෼Ͳ͹‫ر‬ଅ෼ΝॄΌΖ• ਕ௪Ε͹ଡ͏ޮ‫ڠ‬͹৖ॶͶูۜസΝઅ஖ͤΖ

26

̒ɿ༑઎ࣆߴͳࣁ‫ݱ‬ͶԢͣͪߨಊ‫ܯ‬ժΝཱིͱΖϜρϒϱήʀΦέγγ΢θɼ࠹΍॑གྷ͵՟ୌ͹‫ݗ‬౾ɼ‫ܯ‬ժࣰߨ͹ͪΌͶखΖ͞ͳ͗ड़པΖ‫׈‬ಊ͹໎֮ԿͶକ͘ɼߨಊ‫ܯ‬ժ͹஦Ͳ͞ΗΔ͹ߨಊͶ༑઎ॳҒΝͯ͜Ζ͞ͳ͗ඉ৙Ͷ॑གྷͳ͵ΖɽӣӨҗҽճ͗࠹΍॑གྷ͵՟ୌͤ΄ͱͶଲॴ͢ɼಋ࣎Ͷͤ΄ͱ͹ߨಊΝًͨ͑͞ͳͪ͢Δफल͖͗ͯ͵͚͵ΖͫΘ͑ɽଲে͹αϝϣωτΡʖͶଲ͢ͱಋ࣎Ͷߨ͑͹Ͷ஺ౕྒྷ͏ྖ͹ߨಊΝ఼॑దͶߨ͓ͻʤॵΌͺ̏ʛ̐ͯ͹ߨಊͶͤΖ౵ʥɼ౔ྙͳࣁ‫ݱ‬Νॄ஦ͦ͠Ζ͞ͳͲ࠹΍ྒྷ͏ްՎΝಚΔΗΖͫΘ͑ɽ͑ͪ͢͞֋࢟࣎͹౔ྙͶ‫ͱ͏Ͱخ‬ɼͤ΄ͱ͹໪ඬ͗࠹शదͶୣ੔͠ΗΖΓ͑Ͷࠕ‫ޛ‬͹ߨಊΝࡠΕ৏͝ͱ͏͚ͳྒྷ͏ͫΘ͑ɽ͑ͪ͢͞ߨಊ͹༑઎ॳҒΝ෉͜ΖͶͺɼୱͶॳҒΝևͲ݀ΌΖ͞ͳ΍Ͳ͘Ζ͗ɼ͞͹ϕϫιηΝ૥ΌΖͪΌͶ਼ʓ͹༑઎ॳҒ෉͜ςʖϩΝཤ༽ͤΖ͞ͳ΍Ͳ͘Ζɽ͑ͪ͢͞ςʖϩͺɼαϝϣωτΡʖ͹ωʖθΏՌָదࠞ‫ڎ‬Ͷ‫׈ͪ͏Ͱخ‬ಊΝർֳ‫ݗ‬౾ͤΖ͹ͶༀཱིͯͫΘ͑ɽςʖϩ͹Ҳͯͳ͢ͱɼ࣏̑‫ݫ‬ϜφϨρέηΝ༽͏ͪ༑઎ॳҒ෉͜ʤ෉࿧ʥ͍͗Εɼ̑ͯ͹࣢ͶԌͮͱࢂՅंͶ‫׈‬ಊΝϧϱέ෾͜͢ͱ΍Δ͑ɽ̑ͯ͹࣢ͳͺɼ̏ʥαϝϣωτΡʖࣙର͗‫͏ͱͣ״‬Ζωʖθɼ̐ʥՌָదࠞ‫ڎ‬ɼ̑ʥࣰߨՆ೵੓ʤਕదࣁ‫ݱ‬ɼࡔ੕దࣁ
‫ݱ‬ɼ࣎ؔࣁ‫ݱ‬Ν‫؜‬΋ʥͲ͍ΖɽͨΗͩΗ͹‫׈‬ಊͺ֦̑ͯ͹࣢͟ͳͶ࠹୉఼̓͗෉͜ΔΗΖɽͨΗͩΗ͹‫׈‬ಊ͹߻‫఼͗ܯ‬ɼ༑઎ॳҒ෉͜͹໪҈ͳ͵Ζɽ‫׈‬ಊ͹༩ఈ‫ؔغ‬Ͷ‫ͱؖ͢‬ɼͨ͹͑ͬ͹͏͚͖ͯʤγʖϗ΢ϧϱηΏৼཀྵऀճదࢩԋ౵ʥͺ‫ܩ‬କ͢ͱߨ͑͞ͳ͗
චགྷͳ͵Ζ͗ɼͨΗҐ֐ʤฯ݊ҫྏ‫ंܐؖ‬͹‫ݜ‬रɼαϝϣωτΡʖߑ੔ҽͶଲͤΖ৚ๅ఑‫ڛ‬ճ٠౵ʥͺɼఈ‫غ‬దͶߨΚΗΖ͹͗ྒྷ͏ͫΘ͑ɽߨಊ‫ܯ‬ժͺɼߨಊͶචགྷͳ͵Ζ۫ରద಼༲Νͤ΄ͱ‫ࣞॽͪ͢ى‬ͶͤΖ΄͘Ͳ͍Ζ $UFKHUͳ&RWWLQJKDP
 ɽ͠ΔͶɼߨಊ಼༲͗໎֮Ͷۢ઀ΔΗɼཤ༽Ն೵͵ࣁ‫ݱ‬ͶԢͣͱༀׄΏ੻೜ΝׄΕ౲ͱΖ΄͘Ͳ͍
Ζɽ͞͹఼ΝబఊͤΖ͞ͳͲɼϕϫιηસରͶΚͪΕߨಊΝ͢Ώ͚ͤ͵Ζ͹ͺ໎Δ͖Ͳ͍Ζɽ̓ɿߨಊ‫ܯ‬ժͶ͕͏ͱɼʰ60$57(5໪ඬʱΝઅఈͤΖ
໪ඬΝઅఈͤΖͪΌͶͺɼ͠Ή͡Ή͵Πϕϫʖο͹࢕๏͍͗Ζ͗ɼ੔ޯՆ೵ͲࣰભదͲ͍Ζ͞ͳࣰ֮͗Ͳ
͍Εɼໃཀྵ͹͵͏๏๑ͳ͢ͱʰ60$57(5ʤ΍ͮͳηϜʖφ͵ʥ໪ඬʱΝ༽͏Ζ͞ͳ͍͗Ζʤ෉࿧ʥɽ
͠ΔͶࡋ͖͚‫ͻ͓ݶ‬ɼ͞ΗΔ͹໪ඬͺ‫׈‬ಊΝૌΊཱིͱΖࡏͶ͓࢘Ζɽ઴΍ͮͱ໪ඬΝࣖ͢ͱ͕͜ͻɼߨಊ‫ܯ‬ժͶ෨෾ద͵รߍ͍͗ͮͪͳ͢ͱ΍ɼौೊ͵ଲԢΝखΕΏͤ͏ &DSLUH&RQVXOWLQJ*URXS ɽ
ʰ60$57(5໪ඬʱͺҐԾ͹௪ΕͲ͍Ζ 0LQGVWURQJ ɽ
 6SHFLILFʤ໎֮Ͳ͍Ζ͞ͳʥ໪ඬͺద͖֮ͯ໎പͲɼՁΝୣ੔ͪ͢͏͖͗໎‫͠ى‬Ηͱ͏Ζʤ୯ɼՁɼʹ͞Ͳɼ͵ͧʥɽྭʁαϝϣωτΡʖ͹ฯ݊ҫྏ‫ंܐؖ‬ͺࣙࡶ‫ؖ‬࿊ߨಊΝҫྏద඲Ճ͢؇ཀྵͤΖͪΌ͹‫ݜ‬रΝण͜Ζɽ
 0HDVXUDEOHʤ඲Ճʀ൓இ͗Ն೵Ͳ͍Ζ͞ͳʥ໪ඬͺͨΗͩΗ͹ୣ੔Ͷ޴͜ͱɼ਒ߨΝ༩଎ͤΖͪΌ۫ରద͵඲Ճʀ൓இ‫خ‬६Ν͚ͯΖ΄͘Ͳ͍ΖɽྭʁαϝϣωτΡʖͶ͕͜Ζࣙࡶं਼͹‫ݰ‬ঙɼࣙࡶͶ‫ͤؖ‬Ζޮ़΃͹‫ܔ‬൅ɽ
 $FKLHYDEOHʤୣ੔Ն೵Ͳ͍Ζ͞ͳʥ໪ඬͺୣ੔Ͳ͘Ζ΍͹Ͳ͵͚ͱͺ͵Δ͵͏ɽΉͪ໪ඬͺ‫ࡑݳ‬͹ࣰભ಼༲ΏߨಊΝรߍͤΖචགྷ͍͗Ζͳ͏͑৙ࣟద‫خ‬६Νຮͪ͢ͱ͏ΖɽྭʁϟυΡΠ઒໵ՊͺࣙࡶͶͯ͏ͱɼ੻೜͍ΖๅಕΝͤΖͪΌ͹‫ݜ‬रΝण͜Ζɽ

27

ɻ αϝἁωτỻổߨಊ‫ܯ‬ժΝߡҌͤΖ̑̑• ϚϧϱτΡΠࢩԋͳ͢ͱ࣎ؔ‫༙ڠ‬ʤν΢ϞεΥΠϨϱήʥΝਬ਒͢ɼϚϧϱτΡΠͺࣙࡶଲࡨߨಊ‫ܯ‬ժΝࢩԋͤΖͪΌ͹࣎ؔΏࣁ‫ݱ‬Ν఑‫ͤڛ‬Ζʤ૮‫ࢩޕ‬ԋͳ͏͑τʖϜͳ͢ͱɼ࣌વద͵๏๑ͲαϝϣωτΡʖΝ஄݃ͦ͠Ζ͞ͳ͗Ͳ͘Ζʥ• ϧϱωϱήΏΤΧʖΫϱή͵ʹ͹‫ޛ‬ԋ෉͘΢ϗϱφΝ֋࠷ͤΖ• ॊ‫ۂ‬ҽ಼ู͗ͮͪ༲Ͷన͑ๅृΝ‫༽ޑ‬क͗੦༁ͤΖʰ0DWFKHG*LYLQJʤ૮౲͹ๅृʥʱΝࢾΊΖɽ͞Ηͺɼࣁۜ௒ୣΝ‫ٺ‬ଐͶഔଁͦ͠Ζ๏๑Ͳ͍Ζ 5HOHYDQWʤ‫ؖ‬࿊੓͍͗Ζ͞ͳʥ໪ඬͺଲেͳ͵Ζॄ஄Ώ໎֮Ͷ͠Ηͪωʖθ͕Γ;༑઎ॳҒͳ‫ؖ‬࿊͢ͱ͏Ζ΄͘Ͳ͍ΖɽྭʁαϝϣωτΡʖͶࣙࡶາਲ਼ंͶଲͤΖࣙঁࢩԋήϩʖϕΝཱིͬ৏͝Ζɽ
 7LPLQJʤన઀͵࣎‫غ‬Νમ΁͞ͳʥ໪ඬͺୣ੔Ն೵ͫͳࢧΚΗΖ໎͖֮ͯ௒੖Ն೵͵༩ఈ‫ؔغ‬Νઅ͜Ζ΄͘Ͳ͍Ζɽྭʁ͖݆̔‫ޛ‬Ν໪ඬ‫͏ͱ͢ͳݸغ‬Ζɽ (YDOXDWHʤ඲ՃͤΖ͞ͳʥ໪ඬͺ࣎ؔΝ͖͜ͱรԿͪ͢΍͹Ώ‫͖ݩܨ‬ΔָΞͫ͞ͳΝઈ໎ͤΖͪΌͶɼචགྷͶԢͣͱఈ‫غ‬దͶ඲Ճ͠ΗΖ΄͘Ͳ͍ΖɽྭʁαϝϣωτΡʖ͹ϓΡʖχώρέճ߻͗ఈ‫غ‬దͶ֋͖ΗΖɼ΍͚͢ͺ௒ࠬ͗ఈ‫غ‬దͶߨΚΗΖɽ
 5HVSRQVLELOLW\ʤ੻೜Ν࣍ͯ͞ͳʥ໪ඬͺࣰભɼϠωνϨϱήɼࣆ‫ޛ‬඲Ճ͹੻೜ΝͫΗ͖͗࣍ͯͳ͏͑͞ͳΝ໎ࣖͤΖ͞ͳͲɼ୴౲ं͹໎֮͵ۢ෾Ν‫و‬ఈͤΖ΄͘Ͳ͍Ζɽྭʁߨಊήϩʖϕͺɼ໎֮͵੻೜ͳ೜ແΝߑ੔ҽͪͬͶׄΕ৾ͮͱ͏Ζɽ໪ඬ͹ୣ੔Ͷ޴͜ͱ͹਒ߨয়‫ڱ‬ͺɼ਒ṁ͹඲ՃΝ͢Ώͤ͏कགྷ͵‫׈‬ಊ͹श྅࣎ΏɼͨΗҐ֐͹‫׈‬ಊ͹߻ؔ͹న઀͵࣎Ͷɼߨಊήϩʖϕ͹ఈ‫غ‬ద͵ճ߻Ν௪͢ͱ඲ՃͤΖ͞ͳ͗Ͳ͘Ζɽ̔ɿࣙࡶଲࡨ‫׈‬ಊͳαϝϣωτΡʖ΢ϗϱφΝਬ਒ͤΖͪΌͶΠΤφϨʖοʥકྲྀΝࡨఈͤΖ
ӣӨҗҽճͺ‫׈‬ಊΝਬ਒͢‫ܔ‬൅Νߨ͑ͪΌͶɼ͠ΔͶ߁൥͵αϝϣωτΡʖ΃৏घ͚ࢩԋ͹ྡྷΝ߁͝ͱ͏͚͞ͳ͗ඉ৙Ͷ॑གྷͲ͍ΖɽΠΤφϨʖοકྲྀΝࡀ୔ͤΖࡏʤ෉࿧ʥɼย‫ݡ‬͹ౕ߻͏ͶՅ͓ͱɼชԿ
దɼभ‫گ‬దɼྼ࢛దɼ‫ࡃܨ‬దགྷҾ΍ߡྂͶ೘ΗΖ΄͘Ͳ͍ΖɽΠΤφϨʖοકྲྀͺཤ༽Ն೵͵ࣁ‫ݱ‬ͶనԢͦ͠ͱ͏͚͞ͳ΍චགྷͲ͍ΖɽΠϕϫʖο͹๏๑ͶͺɼҐԾ͹಼༲͗͏͚͖ͯ‫؜‬ΉΗΖͫΘ͑ɽ 0HQWDO+HDOWK&RPPLVVLRQRI&DQDGD
• ξ΢Ϫέφϟʖϩʤ'0ʥ• ৿ซ• Ψϱϧ΢ϱʤుࢢϟʖϩɼΤΥϔγ΢φɼϟʖϨϱήϨηφɼλʖεϡϩϟυΡΠʥ• ఽ౹ద͵һࡰϟυΡΠʤϏϱϓϪρφɼঘ࡯ࢢɼοϧεʥ• τϪϑ߁ࠄ
• ϧζΨ߁ࠄ
• ఽ౹దͶਕ͗ॄΉΖ৖ॶʤࢤ৖ɼαϱγʖφ౵ʥ• ޮ‫ިڠ‬௪‫Ͳؖؽ‬͹߁ࠄʤώη౵ʥʥࢩԋ͹චགྷ੓͍͗ΖͶ΍͖͖ΚΔͥཤ༽Νਅ͢ड़͵͏ਕʓͶଲ͢ͱɼޮ‫ࣙ͗ʹ͵ؖؽڠ‬Δड़޴͏ͱࢩԋΝ఑‫ͤڛ‬Ζ๏๑ɽ

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ίωΠͲͺࣙࡶາਲ਼ं਼Ώࣙࡶं਼Ͷͯ͏ͱ͹ཤ༽Ն೵͵υʖν͗ॉ෾Ͳͺ͵͏ɽΉͪίωΠͲͺࣙࡶ͗ҩ๑ͳ͠Ηɼย‫ݡ‬ΏνϔʖͶΓͮͱਕ໪Νඈ͜Ζ΍͹ͳ͠ΗΖɽͨ͹ͪΌգঘͶๅࠄ͠ΗͪΕɼસ͚ๅࠄ͠Η͵͏Ն೵੓΍ଁՅ͢ͱ͕ΕɼͳΕΚࣙ͜ࡶາਲ਼ͶͨΗ͗‫ݡ‬ΔΗΖɽ๑దી஖͹‫ڬ‬ΗΏชԿద৶‫ھ‬ʀभ‫گ‬ద৶೨͹ཀྵ༟͖Δɼࣙࡶͺ͢ͻ͢ͻࣆ‫ࢰބ‬Ήͪͺଠ͹‫ݬ‬ҾͶΓΖࢰͳ͢ͱɼ෈ਜ਼Ͷ‫ى‬࿧͠Ηͱ͏ΖɽࣙࡶΏࣙࡶଲࡨͶ‫ͱؖ͢‬ਕʓͶ‫ܔ‬൅‫׈‬ಊΝߨ͏ɼ‫ؽث‬దয়‫΃ڱ‬͹ଲॴ೵ྙΝ߶ΌΖͪΌͶɼϑϓϪϱξʖθʀίωΠͳ͏͑ஏҮඉ੕ැૌ৭͗αϝϣωτΡʖ͹ΨϒωΨϱϨʖξʖΝಊҽͦ͠ɼψ΢ϫϑࢤϜδϪஏۢ͹ϜεϠωͶ͕͏ͱ‫ؽث‬ద͵ޮ़Ӷਫ਼໲ୌͶखΕૌ΋ͪΌ͹ଲࡨΝߪͣͪɽϑϓϪϱξʖθʀίωΠͺɼʰαϝϣωτΡʖ͗कରదͶ‫ؖ‬
༫ͤΖͪΌ͹ςʖϩॄʱΝ༽͏ͱɼαϝϣωτΡʖ͗कରదͶ‫ؖ‬༫͢ͱ͏͚ϕϫιηΝ਒ΌͪɽαϝϣωτΡʖͶ޴ͪ͜ॄճΏ๜໲͹‫ܯ‬ժ͵ʹɼࣰߨοʖϞͶΓΖ֋࢟࣎͹६ඍ͗੖͑ͳɼαϝϣωτΡʖ͗ࣙࡶͶͯ͏ͱʹ͹ఖౕஎͮͱ͏Ζ͖Ν਄͚ཀྵմͤΖͪΌɼΉͪαϝϣωτΡʖ͹ࣙࡶͶଲͤΖଌ͓๏ɼࢡ੐ɼߡ͓๏ɼ৶೨Ͷ‫ͱؖ͢‬໎Δ͖ͶͤΖͪΌͶ౾࿨ճ͗֋͖Ηͪɽ౾࿨ճͶͺɼभ‫ࢨگ‬಍ंɼ‫گ‬ҽɼαϝϣωτΡʖ͹ฯ݊ҫྏ‫ंܐؖ‬ɼऑंͪͬɼஏۢ͹େනึࠦ‫ׯ‬ɼࣰ‫ۂ‬ֆ͹αϝϣωτΡʖେනं͗ॄ݃ͪ͢ɽαϝϣωτΡʖͲͺࣙࡶ͗ർֳదΓ͚͍Ζ΍͹ͫͳ͏͑͞ͳ͗࿫͢߻͏͖Δ໎Δ͖Ͷ͵ͮͪɽಝͶࣙࡶͺ༂෼ΏΠϩαʖϩ͹ཛྷ༽Ͷ਄͚‫ؖ‬༫͢ͱ͏Ζໃ৮͹ऑंͶ‫ݡ‬ΔΗɼ݃Վͳ͢ͱࣙࡶ͹ϨηέΝ߶ΌͪΕɼ͞͹ஏۢͲͺ௟͚͢͵͏૥͙ͤΖೝ৹ΝଁՅͦͪ͠ΕͤΖ͞ͳͶ͵Ζɽ౾࿨ճ͹ࢂՅंͺɼࣙࡶΏࣙࡶ‫ؖ‬࿊ߨಊ͹ಊ‫ؽ‬Ν৆ࡋͶஎ
ΖͪΌͶɼࣙࡶͶ‫ͤؖ‬Ζޮ‫ڠ‬͹‫ܔ‬൅‫׈‬ಊΝߨ͏ɼࣙࡶͶͯ͏ͱ͹‫گ‬үΝ఑‫ͤڛ‬Ζ͞ͳ͗චགྷͲ͍
Ζͳ‫ک‬௒ͪ͢ɽ
αϝϣωτΡʖ͗कରదͶ‫ؖ‬༫ͤΖϕϫιηΝଇ਒͢ɼΓΕ߁൥ͶΚͪΖαϝϣωτΡʖͳ͹‫ܪ‬͗ΕΝ‫ܙ‬੔ͤΖͪΌͶɼऑंɼभ‫ࢨگ‬಍ंɼαϝϣωτΡʖ͹ฯ݊ҫྏ‫ंܐؖ‬ɼ‫گ‬ҽɼ‫ۂة‬͹αϝϣωτΡʖେනंɼߨ੕‫͖ंܐؖ‬Δ੔ΖӣӨҗҽճ͗ߑ੔͠ΗͪɽࣙࡶଲࡨͶखΕૌ΋Ͷ͍ͪΕɼӣӨҗҽճ͗αϝϣωτΡʖ͹ߨಊ͹ࢨ‫ض‬ΝࣧͮͪɽӣӨҗҽճͺ࠹΍॑གྷ͵‫ंܐؖ‬Νಝఈ͢ɼॵյ͹ճ߻Ͷ޴͜ͱ৆ࡋ͵Ծ६ඍΏ಼༲Ν௒੖͢ɼ૱߻ద໪ඬ͹݀ఈΏߨಊʀࣁ‫ݱ‬͹໎֮Կ͵ʹαϝϣωτΡʖ͹ߨಊ‫ܯ‬ժΝࡨఈͪ͢ɽϑϓϪϱξʖθʀίωΠͺɼ΢ϱνʖϋρφɼίωΠ౹‫ۃܯ‬ɼฯ݊঴ɼϜιΠ͹੠ਈබӅΝ‫؜‬΋͠Ή͡Ή͵৚ๅ‫͖ݱ‬ΔυʖνΝॄΌͪɽ͖͢͢ɼࣙࡶΏࣙউɼࣙࡶາਲ਼Ͷͯ͏ͱ͹υʖνͺඉ৙Ͷঙ͵͚ɼͨΗͺಝఈ͹ஏۢͶͫ͜Ͷ‫ͮݸ‬ͪ͞ͳͲͺ͵͚ɼࠅસରͶଲ͢ͱ΍‫͓ݶ‬Ζ͞ͳͲ͍ͮͪɽ
ॵյ͹ޮద͵αϝϣωτΡʖճ߻Ͷͺਕ͗ड़ੰͪ͢ɽτʖϜͳ͢ͱɼࣙࡶɼ༂෼ΏΠϩαʖϩ͹ཛྷ༽ɼϟϱνϩϖϩηɼࣙࡶͲҪ͠Ηͪਕ͹ࣰର‫ݩ‬Ͷ‫͚Ͱخ‬࿫͗‫؜‬ΉΗͱ͏ͪɽճ߻͹ͤ΄ͱ͹਒ߨༀ͖Δ͹ϟριʖζͺɼࣙࡶͺ๹͛͞ͳ͗Ͳ͘Ζ΍͹Ͳ͍ΕɼαϝϣωτΡʖͫ͜Ͳ͵͚‫ݺ‬ਕ΍ࣙࡶଲࡨͶ͕͏ͱༀׄΝՎͪͤ͞ͳ͗Ͳ͘Ζͳ͏͑͞ͳͲ͍ͮͪɽαϝϣωτΡʖͺɼࣙࡶ͹௅ޫͳࣙࡶ͹Ϩηέ͗ٛΚΗΖ৖߻ͶखΔΗΖ΄͘ଲࡨͶͯ͏ͱɼଲॴ೵ྙ
Ν߶Όͪɽࣙࡶͳ͹‫ؖ͏ک‬࿊੓Ν࣍ͯ॑୉͵੠ਈӶਫ਼৏͹໲ୌͳ͢ͱ͑ͯබ͗‫ک‬௒͠Ηͪɽॵյ͹ճ߻͹࠹΍॑གྷ͵੔Վͳ͢ͱͺɼย‫ݡ‬Νঈ‫͢ڊ‬Ώ͚ͤͤΖͪΌɼΉͪࣙࡶͶΓͮͱ൷͢ΊͶ฽Ηͱ͏Ζ‫ݺ‬ਕΏͨ͹Պଔ͗ࢩԋͶΠέιηͲ͘ΖΓ͑ͶͤΖͪΌɼସౕɼଌ͓๏ɼ৶೨
Νร͓Ζචགྷ੓͗‫͝ڏ‬ΔΗͪɽࢂՅंͺ఑ࣖ͠ΗͪτʖϜͶຮଏ༹ͪ͢ࢢΝ‫ͦݡ‬ɼࠕΉͲ࿫͢߻ͮͪ͞ͳ͹͵͏Γ͑͵಼༲Ν͚ͪ͠Ξָसͪ͢ͳ‫ͪͣ״‬ɽ࠹शదͶणͪ͜һেͳ͢ͱͺɼࢂՅंͪͬ͗ࣙࡶͶͯ͏ͱ͹ଌ͓๏ɼߡ͓๏ΝรԿͦ࢟͠Όͱ͏ͪɼࣙࡶଲࡨͶͯ͏ͱߡ͓࢟ΌΖΓ͑Ͷ͵ͮͪ͵ʹͲ͍ͮͪɽ
ӣӨҗҽճͳϑϓϪϱξʖθʀίωΠͺɼαϝϣωτΡʖ͹༑઎ॳҒͳཤ༽Ն೵͵ࣁ‫ݱ‬ͶԌͮͱߨಊ‫ܯ‬ժΝཱིͱͪ͗ɼࣁۜͳ‫ݜ‬रΝणͪ͜ਕࡒ͹෈ଏ͗‫ݔ‬೨ࡒྋͳ͢ͱࡏཱིͮͪɽ

29ɻ αϝἁωτỻổߨಊ‫ܯ‬ժΝߡҌͤΖ̑%R[ίωΠͲ͹ࣆྭ‫ڂݜ‬૱߻ద໪ඬͺɼαϝϣωτΡʖͶ͕͜Ζࣙࡶं਼Ν‫ݰ‬ঙͦ͠ɼย‫ݡ‬Νঈ‫͢ڊ‬ɼαϝϣωτΡʖ͹ࢨ಍ंͪͬͶ‫ݜ‬रΝߨ͑ͳ͏಼͑༲Ͳ͍ͮͪɽ
૱߻ద͵໪ඬͶԌͮͱߡ͓ͪ݃Վɼߨಊ‫ܯ‬ժͺҐԾ͹Γ͑Ͷ͵ͮͪɽ αϝϣωτΡʖ͹ฯ݊ҫྏ‫ंܐؖ‬ͶɼࣙࡶϨηέ͹߶͏‫ݺ‬ਕΏॄ஄Ν໎֮Ͷ͢ɼΉͪࣙࡶ‫ؖ‬࿊ߨಊͶ৏घ͚ଲॴͤΖͪΌ͹‫ݜ‬रΝߨ͑͞ͳ ย‫ݡ‬Νঈ‫ͤڊ‬Ζ఼Ͳ΍ༀཱིͯΓ͑͵ɼαϝϣωτΡʖͲ͹ଲ࿫Ν͠ΔͶଁΏͤ͞ͳͲɼ
ࣙࡶͳࣙࡶଲࡨ͹‫ܔ‬൅‫׈‬ಊΝଁՅͦ͠ɼ‫ؽث‬ଲॴ೵ྙΝ৏͝Ζ͞ͳ αϝϣωτΡʖ͹ࢨ಍ंͪͬͶɼࣙࡶϨηέ͹͍ΖਕΝಝఈ͢ɼࢩԋͶΠέιηͲ͘ΖΓ͑घঁͤ͜ΖͪΌ͹‫ݜ‬रΝߨ͑͞ͳαϝϣωτΡʖ͹ߨಊ‫ܯ‬ժͺͨΗͩΗ͹ߨಊΝ৆ࡋͶ‫͢ى‬ɼҲൢద͵੻೜ΝׄΕ౲ͱͪɽͨΗͩΗ͹ߨಊͶ͕͏ͱචགྷͳ͵Ζࣁ‫ݱ‬Νߡྂ͢ͱɼҗҽճͺαϝϣωτΡʖ͹ཤ༽Ն೵͵ࣁ‫ݱ‬ΝϜρϒϱή͢ɼ۫ରద͵ߨಊΝًͤͪ͞ΌͶक͵‫ंܐؖ‬Νಝఈͪ͢ɽखΕૌΊ಼༲͹෾ഓͺɼߨಊ‫ܯ‬ժ͹࣍କ੓Νࣰ֮ͶͤΖͪΌͶ॑གྷͲ͍Ζͳߡ͓ΔΗͪɽߨಊ‫ܯ‬ժ͗ࡨఈ͠ΗΖͳɼαϝϣωτΡʖͶ‫༙͠ڠ‬ΗͪɽϓΡʖχώρέϝʖτΡϱή͗֋͖Ηͱ͏ΖؔͶɼ૮౲਼͹αϝϣωτΡʖߑ੔ҽ͹ࣙࡶͶଲ
ͤΖߡ͓๏ͶรԿ͍͗ͮͪ͞ͳ͗໎Δ͖Ͷ͵ͮͪɽ౾࿨͹ࡏͶͺɼ੠ਈฯ݊৏͹՟ୌͳࣙࡶ
ͳ͹‫ؖ‬࿊੓Ώɼࣙࡶ͗ଠ͹݊߃৏͹໲ୌͳಋ͚ͣΔ͏Ͷ஭໪͠ΗΖචགྷ੓͍͗Ζ͞ͳΝ೟ࣟͪ͢ɽαϝϣωτΡʖͺࣙࡶͶΓͮͱ൷͢ΊͶ฽Ηͱ͏ΖਕͶଲ͢ͱ‫ࢩͳ͜Ͱـݫ‬ԋ͗චགྷͲ͍
Ζ͞ͳɼҲ๏Ͳࣙࡶ೨ྂ͹͍ΖਕͶͺࣘΝܑ͜Ζ͞ͳΏɼన઀͵γʖϑη఑‫͛͵ͯ΃ंڛ‬චགྷ
͍͗Ζ͞ͳΝ೟ࣟͪ͢ɽ
ࣙࡶͶΓͮͱҪ͠ΗͪਕΏࣙࡶາਲ਼ं͹ͪΌ͹ࢩԋήϩʖϕΝཱིͬ৏͝Ζචགྷ੓ͺɼ࠹΍॑གྷ͵ߨಊߴ໪ͳ͢ͱ໎֮Կ͠Ηͪɽ͞ΗͶΓΕɼࣙࡶͶΓͮͱ൷͢ΊͶ฽Ηͱ͏ΖਕͶͨ͹‫ݩܨ‬Ν‫͘Ͳ༙ڠ‬Ζ‫ؽ‬ճΝ༫͓ɼ͕‫͏ޕ‬Νࢩԋ͢߻͏ɼన઀͵ঁ͜Ν‫ٽ‬ΌΏ͚ͤͪ͢ɽ
ΉͪɼαϝϣωτΡʖͺࣙࡶΝ๹͛৏Ͳ॑གྷ͵ༀׄΝՎͪͤ͞ͳ΍໎Δ͖Ͷ͵ͮͪɽͳ͏͑͹ͺɼαϝϣωτΡʖͺ‫گ‬үΏ‫ܔ‬൅͹ͪΌ͹౾࿨͹৖Ν఑‫ͤڛ‬Ζ͞ͳ͗Ͳ͘Ζ͖ΔͲ͍ΖɽࣙࡶଲࡨͶ‫ͱؖ͢‬ͺɼͤ΄ͱ͹ਕ͗‫͍Ͳंܐؖ‬Ζͳ͏͑͞ͳͶસҽ͗࢏ಋͪ͢ɽʹΞ͵ਕͲ΍ՁΔ
͖͹‫Ͳܙ‬Ӫ‫ڻ‬Νण͜ͱ͏Ζ͖ΔͲ͍Ζɽ

30Ძ ᧏‫଺ڼ‬ƷแͳᲬ И‫˟ׅ‬ӳưᛅƠӳƍǛ‫ڼ‬ǊǔᲯ ǳȟᶇȋȆᶁᶌᘍѣᚘဒƷȢȋǿȪȳǰƱᚸ̖Ჰ ǳȟᶇȋȆᶁᶌƷȕᶁᶌȉȐᶅǯȟᶌȆᶁȳǰ

31

Ხ ዒዓႎƳȡȇᶁǢƷ෇ဇ ஏҮ͹ϟυΡΠͳ৏घͶ‫ڢ‬ಉͤΖͪΌ͹ϐϱφ ੻೜͍ΖϟυΡΠๅಕᲭǳȟᶇȋȆᶁᶌᘍѣᚘဒǛᎋకƢǔ ‫ܩ‬କద͵ϟυΡΠ͹‫༽׈‬ ‫ܩ‬କద͵ϟυΡΠ͹‫༽׈‬ϟυΡΠͺɼਕʓ͹қ‫ݡ‬Ώߡ͓๏Ν‫ܙ‬੔ͤΖ৏Ͳ॑གྷ͵ༀׄΝՎͪ͢ͱ͏Ζʤ%RULQVWHLQ
.DODIDWHOLVͳ'RZGHQ  3KLOR Δ ʥɽಝͶ̗݆̏̎ೖ͹੊ֆࣙࡶ༩๹υʖ͹΢ϗϱφ֋࠷஦Ͷͺɼ࣎ͳ͢ͱࣙࡶଲࡨ΃͹ϟυΡΠ͹஭໪ౕ͗ͳͱ΍߶͚͵Ζ͞ͳ͍͗ΖɽϟυΡΠͳ‫ڢ‬ಉͲ͘Ζͨ͹‫ؽ‬ճΝɼαϝϣωτΡʖ͹‫׈‬ಊΏϟριʖζΝ߁ΌΖघஊͳ͢ͱཤ༽ͤΖ͞ͳͺ॑གྷͲ͍Ζ͗ɼࣙࡶଲࡨͶ͕͏ͱͺɼϟυΡΠͳ͹‫ߑܐؖ‬஛͗ࠖೋ͵৖߻΍͍Ζ͞ͳͶཻқͤΖචགྷ͍͗ΖɽಝͶɼࣙࡶϨηέ͹߶͏ਕʓ͗ࣙࡶߨҟΝໝแ͢͵͏Γ͑ͶͤΖͪΌͶɼࣙࡶ͹ࣆྭͶͯ͏ͱͺɼϟυΡΠ͗੻೜‫״‬Ν࣍ͮͱๅಕͤ
Ζ͞ͳ͗॑གྷͲ͍ΖɽࣙࡶͶͯ͏ͱ͹ย‫ݡ‬Ώ໐৶͗ࠞ‫͏ک‬৖߻ͶͺɼϟυΡΠͳ͹‫ߑܐؖ‬஛ͺΓΕҲ૜ࠖೋͳ͵ΖɽϟυΡΠ͹‫͏ک‬Ӫ‫ྙڻ‬ΝߡྂͤΖͳɼࣙࡶଲࡨͶ͕͜ΖαϝϣωτΡʖ͹कରద͵‫ؖ‬༫Νਬ਒ͤΖͪΌͶɼϟυΡΠΝ৏घͶ‫ͤ༽׈‬Ζ๏๑Ν‫ݗ‬౾ͤ΄͘Ͳ͍Ζʤ෉࿧ʥɽ

̏ɿஏҮ͹ϟυΡΠͳ৏घͶ‫ڢ‬ಉͤΖͪΌ͹ϐϱφ ࣙࡶͳͨ͹ଲࡨͶ‫ͤؖ‬Ζ৚ๅΝ఑‫͢ڛ‬ɼ੠ਈฯ݊Νਬ਒͢ɼย‫ݡ‬Ν‫ݰ‬ΔͤͪΌ͹ϟυΡΠʀΫϡϱϘʖϱΝஏҮ͹ϟυΡΠͳ‫ڢ‬ಉ͢ͱ֋൅ͤΖɽηφϪηགྷҾɼ੠ਈద݊߃ɼਐରద݊߃͹‫ؖ‬࿊Ͷͯ͏ͱɼ‫ଁ߃݊͵ྙک‬਒Ͷ‫ͤؖ‬ΖϟριʖζΝࡠ੔ͤΖɽ ࣙࡶͶͯ͏ͱ੻೜‫״‬Ν࣍ͮͱๅಕͤΖΓ͑ஏҮ͹ϟυΡΠͶଇͤʤ:+2Dʥɽ ஏҮ͹ϟυΡΠΝαϝϣωτΡʖ‫׈‬ಊͶডଶͤΖɽ αϝϣωίʖεϥϱકྲྀΝࡨఈͤΖΓ͑ஏҮϟυΡΠͶଇͤɽકྲྀͶͺɼ੻೜͍ΖࣙࡶๅಕͶ‫ͤؖ‬Ζ৚ๅͳஏҮ͹߁ๅ୴౲ं༽໲͏߻Κͦ૯޳Ν௪எͤΖͪΌ͹ϕϪη৚ๅΫρφ͹ࡠ੔ͳഓාΝ‫؜‬ΌΖɽࣙࡶͳϟυΡΠͶ‫ͤؖ‬Ζཤ༽Ն೵͵৚ๅ‫ݱ‬Ν‫༙ͤڠ‬Ζɽ ࣙࡶͶ‫ͤؖ‬Ζྛཀྵ‫و‬ఈΝॱगͤΖΓ͑ϟυΡΠͶଇͤɽ ࣙࡶๅಕ͹న઀͠Ͷͯ͏ͱ৚ๅΝफॄ͢ɼ‫ޣ‬մΝਫ਼ͣΏͤ͏͍Ζ͏ͺ௩ʓ͢͏න‫ݳ‬Ͷଲ͢ͱ‫ݒ‬અద͵ϓΡʖχώρέΝߨ͑ͪΌ͹ϟυΡΠ؄ࢻϕϫιηΝࣰࢬͤΖɽ ༑Ηͪๅಕ΃͹‫ع‬ଚ͹ϟυΡΠৈͶஏ‫ݫ‬ϟυΡΠΝਬપͤΖϕϫιηΝࡨఈͤΖɼΉͪͺζϡʖψϨ
ηφΝනঞͤΖ৿͢͏ৈΝ‫ڠ‬ಋͲ૓અͤΖɽ ੻೜͍ΖࣙࡶๅಕͶ‫ͤؖ‬ΖϭʖέεϥρϕͶɼϟυΡΠ͹઒໵ՊΝ‫ࠒ͘ת‬΋ɽ̐ɿ੻೜͍ΖϟυΡΠๅಕ
:+2ͶΓΖ৚ๅঘ࡯ࢢʤ:+2Dʥ͵ʹɼϟυΡΠ‫͗ंܐؖ‬ཤ༽Ն೵͵ɼ੻೜͍ΖࣙࡶๅಕͶ‫ͤؖ‬Ζ
ࢨਓ΍͍Ζɽྭ͓ͻɼ• ʹ͞ͶࢩԋΝ‫ٽ‬ΌΖ͖Ͷͯ͏ͱਜ਼͢͏৚ๅΝ఑‫ͤڛ‬Ζ͞ͳ• ࣙࡶͳࣙࡶଲࡨͶͯ͏ͱ͹ਜ਼͢͏৚ๅΝɼࣙࡶͶͯ͏ͱ͹໐৶Ν֨ࢆ͢͵͏Γ͑Ͷ͢͵͗Δɼޮ़΃͹‫ܔ‬൅Νߨ͑͞ͳ• ೖ৙ਫ਼‫׈‬͹ηφϪηགྷҾΉͪͺࣙࡶ೨ྂ΃͹ଲॴ๑ΏࢩԋΝण͜Ζ๏๑Ͷͯ͏ͱ‫ࣆى‬ΝๅಕͤΖ͞ͳ• ༙໌ਕ͹ࣙࡶΝๅಕͤΖࡏͶͺɼಝͶ஭қͤΖ͞ͳ• Ҫ͠ΗͪՊଔΏ༓ਕͶ΢ϱνϑϣʖͤΖͳ͘Ͷͺɼ৽॑Ν‫ͤغ‬Ζ͞ͳ• ϟυΡΠ઒໵Պࣙਐ͗ɼࣙࡶ͹‫ࣆى‬ͶӪ‫ڻ‬Νण͜Ζ͞ͳ΍͍ΕಚΖ͞ͳΝ೟ࣟͤΖ͞ͳ• ࣙࡶ͹‫ࣆى‬Ν໪ཱིͯΓ͑Ͷഓ஖͢͵͏͞ͳɽࣙࡶ͹ωϣʖηΝ෈༽қͶ‫܃‬Εศ͠͵͏͞ͳ• ࣙࡶͶͯ͏ͱ‫ގ‬௃ͪ͢Εɼਜ਼৙͵΍͹ͳΊ͵ͪ͢ΕͤΖΓ͑͵‫ݶ‬ཁΝ࢘Κ͵͏͞ͳɽࣙࡶΝɼ઴޴͘͵໲ୌմ݀ࡨ͹ҲͯͲ͍Ζ͖͹Γ͑Ͷ়ղ͢͵͏͞ͳ• ༽͏ΔΗͪघஊͶͯ͏ͱ໎֮͵න‫ݳ‬Ν͢͵͏͞ͳ• ‫ݳ‬৖Ώ൅ਫ਼৖ॶ͹৆ࡋΝ఑‫ͳ͞͏͵͢ڛ‬• ࢙ܻద͵‫ݡ‬ड़͢Ν࢘Κ͵͏͞ͳ• ࣺਇɼϑυΨӫ଀ɼλʖεϡϩʀϟυΡΠ΃͹Ϩϱέ͵ʹΝ఑ࣖ͢͵͏͞ͳ32φϨωξʖχʀφώβ‫ڠ‬࿪ࠅͲͺɼࣙࡶ͗ғષͳ͢ͱ॑གྷ͵ޮ़Ӷਫ਼՟ୌ͹ҲͯͲ͍ΖɽφϨωξʖχౣͲ࠹୉͹ஏۢͲ͍ΖοϡήΠψηͲͺɼસࠅ͹ࣙࡶ͹͗൅ਫ਼͢ͱ͏ΖɽαϝϣωτΡʖͶ͕͏ͱɼࣙࡶߨಊͶ࠹΍ළൡͶଲॴ͢ͱ͕Ε͖ͯࣙࡶଲࡨ‫׈‬ಊͶ‫ৼؖ‬Ν࣍ͯͳࢧΚΗΖਕʓΝ೼ѴͤΖͪΌͶɼқ‫׷ިݡ‬ճ͗֋࠷͠Ηͪɽࢤௗ࣪ɼܱࡱɼ੠ਈฯ݊ॊࣆ
ंɼभ‫ࢨگ‬಍ंɼࣆ‫ۂ‬कɼΠϩαϙʖϨέηʀΠόωϜη ͵ʹɼαϝϣωτΡʖ͹༹ʓ͵‫ंܐؖ‬Ͷ੢͖͖͗ͮͪɽ༂෼࢘༽ɼ෈ॉ෾͵؄ಞɼՊఋ͹໲ୌɼΉͫਏஇΝण͜ͱ͏͵͏੠ਈ࣮‫׳‬͹ͪΌͶɼָߏ੏ౕ͹஦͹ऑं͗߶͏ࣙࡶϨηέΝ࣍ͯͳ೟ࣟ͠ΗͪɽՁյ͖͹қ‫׷ިݡ‬ճΝ‫ͱܨ‬ɼӣӨҗҽճ͗ૌ৭͠ΗͪɽҗҽճͺɼλʖεϡϩϭʖΩʖ̏ਕɼ੠ਈฯ݊Ν఑‫ͤڛ‬ΖαϝϣωτΡʖ͹؅‫̏ࢥޤ‬ਕɼ‫ٺٻ‬ҫྏ͹৏‫څ‬؅‫̏ࢥޤ‬ਕɼϕϧ΢ϜϨʀίΠγʖϑη؇ཀྵं̏ਕɼܱࡱ‫̏ׯ‬ਕɼηέʖϩΩΤϱιϧʖ̏ਕɼ‫̏ࢥگ‬ਕɼ٠ҽ̐ਕɼ1*2
͹େනं̐ਕͲߑ੔͠ΗͪɽαϝϣωτΡʖ͹ਕʓΝ‫׈‬ಊͶࢂՅͦ͠Ζघ๑Ν‫ݡ‬ड़ͤͪΌͶɼճͺՁౕ͖֋࠷͠Ηͪɽࣙࡶ͗୉͘͵՟ୌͲ͍Ζ͞ͳͺबஎ͠Ηͱ͏ͪ͗ɼͨΗΝཬ෉͜Ζυʖνͺཤ༽Ͳͥ͘ҲൢͶ΍எΔ͠Ηͱ͏͵͖ͮͪɽ୊̏յ͹αϝϣωτΡʖճ߻͗֋࠷͠ΗɼϟυΡΠ͗ͨ͹ࠄஎΝߨͮͪɽࢂՅंͺ༁໌Ͳ
͍ͮͪɽ٠ୌͶͺࣙࡶ౹‫ܯ‬͹֕གྷͳࣙࡶ͹௅ޫΏ‫ݧث‬ҾࢢͶͯ͏ͱ͹৚ๅ͗‫؜‬ΉΗͱ͏ͪɽճ߻ͲͺஏҮࣁ‫ݱ‬Ͷ‫ͤؖ‬ΖϜρϒϱήʀΦέγγ΢θࣰ͗ࢬ͠ΗͪɽαϝϣωτΡʖͶ͕͜
Ζࣙࡶͳࣙࡶଲࡨ͹೟ࣟ͹޴৏ɼϨηέ͹߶͏ਫ਼ై͹ಝఈͳ৮৖Ͷ͕͜Ζղ೘͵ʹ͹કྲྀͶͯ͏ͱ٠࿨͠Ηͪɽસରͳ͢ͱɼໃྙ‫״‬ɼऀճద͵ย‫͑͏ͳ͏ک͗ݡ‬೟ࣟɼ͠ΔͶࣙࡶ΃͹ଲॴͶͯ͏ͱܱ‫ׯ‬Ώฯ݊ҫྏॊࣆं͗‫ݜ‬रΝण͜ͱ͏͵͏͞ͳΏɼʹ͹͚Δ͏୉͘͵໲ୌͲ
͍Ζ͖ͳ͏͑͞ͳɼαϝϣωτΡʖͲखΕૌΌΖࣙࡶଲࡨ͹๏๑Ͷͯ͏ͱ৚ๅ͗ΆͳΞʹ͵͏͞ͳͶ‫ͤؖ‬Ζ‫ݔ‬೨͗ଡ਼ଚࡑͤΖ͞ͳ͗Κ͖ͮͪɽӣӨҗҽճ͹஦Ͷߨಊήϩʖϕ͗ࡠΔΗɼαϝϣωτΡʖ͹ߨಊ‫ܯ‬ժΝ٠࿨ͤΖͪΌͶఈྭճ͗֋࠷͠Ηͪɽߨಊήϩʖϕͺ̒ͯ͹૱߻ద໪ඬΝઅఈͪ͢ɽ
• αϝϣωτΡʖ಼͹ࣙࡶϨηέ͗߶͏‫ݺ‬ਕΉͪͺॄ஄ΝಝఈͤΖ͞ͳɽ• ࣙࡶγʖϗ΢ϧϱη͹࢕ૌΊΝߑ஛ͤΖ͞ͳɽ• ࣙࡶͶΓΕ਎ੲΏ਎༓Ν࠹ۛࣨͮͪਕʓ͵ʹɼ‫ݺ‬ਕΏՊଔͶଲ͢ͱྡজద͵ࢩԋΝਟଐͶ఑‫ͤڛ‬Ζ͞ͳɽ• ‫ݳ‬৖Ͳ͹‫ٺٻ‬ଲԢंʤILUVWUHVSRQGHUVʥɼܱࡱɼভ๹ɼ‫ٺٻໍٻ‬ୄҽͶɼࣙࡶଲࡨͳ
ղ೘કྲྀͶͯ͏ͱ‫ݜ‬रΝߨ͑͞ͳɽ
ߨಊ‫ܯ‬ժͶͺҐԾ͹ߨಊ͗ࡀ୔͠Ηͪɽ ಝͶࣙࡶϨηέ͗߶͏ͳΊ͵͠Ηͪॄ஄ͶଲͤΖߨಊɼͤ͵Κͬʁ- ੪ঙ೧ʁ‫ࢥگ‬Ήͪͺ਎΃͹‫ݜ‬रͳ‫ؽث‬దয়‫ڱ‬͹ଲԢ೵ྙ͹޴৏ͶΓΖ੪ঙ೧͹੠ਈฯ݊Ͷ‫ͤؖ‬Ζ‫ܔ‬൅ɽ- ऑ೧੔ਕʁॊ‫ۂ‬ҽࢩԋϕϫήϧϞ͹ࣰࢬͳ‫ࢬֺޚ‬અ͹અ஖ɽ- ߶ྺंʁ೧ۜγʖϑηͳऀճγʖϑη෨໵ɼୂ৮ंήϩʖϕɼ࿟ਕϙʖϞ‫;ٶ‬බӅ͹৮ҽ͹‫ݜ‬रͳ‫ؽث‬దয়‫ڱ‬͹ଲԢ೵ྙ͹޴৏ɽ ฯ݊ɼܱࡱɼভ๹͹࿊‫ܠ‬ͶΓΖɼಋஏۢ͹ࣙࡶγʖϗ΢ϧϱηର੏͹ߑ஛ɽ ໲ୌߨಊΝ൅‫ࡏͪ͢ݡ‬ͶίΠͶͯ͵͝Ζ‫ܨ‬࿑Ͷ‫ͤؖ‬Ζ৚ๅ͹఑‫ڛ‬ɽ Ϩηέ͹߶͏ਕʓͳંͤΖΰʖφΫʖϏʖ΃͹‫ݜ‬रɽ भ‫گ‬ʀૌ৭౵ͶളΔΗΖ͞ͳ͵͚ɼӁठ໲ୌ͹‫ݩܨ‬͹͍Ζਕʓ͗ΠϩαʖϩΝӁΉ͵͏Ͳ͏ΔΗͪ‫ݩܨ‬Ν‫͏ޕ‬Ͷ෾͖ͬ߻͏ɼै
ࣰͪ͢ਕਫ਼ΝૻΖͪΌͶࣙ༟қࢧͲ‫ܙ‬੔͢ͱ͏Ζ஄ରɽྲྀসͺ$$ɽ

33̒ɻ ‫ܩ‬କద͵ϟυỻΠ͹‫༽׈‬%R[φϨωξʖχʀφώβ‫ڠ‬࿪ࠅͶ͕͜Ζࣆྭ‫ڂݜ‬ΓΕ۫ରదͶͺɼ੪ঙ೧Ͷଲ͢ͱͺɼָߏ΃͹ΠΤφϨʖο‫׈‬ಊͳஏҮ͹ঘ஦ָߏ͹ߏௗΏηέʖϩΩΤϱιϧʖͳ͹࿊‫ܠ‬ɼ਎Ήͪͺ‫ࢥگ‬͹ૌ߻ͳ͹‫ڢ‬ಉͶΓΖ੠ਈฯ݊Ͷ‫ͤؖ‬Ζ‫ܔ‬൅͗‫ܯ‬ժ͠Ηͪɽ‫ܔ‬൅Νߨ͏ɼαʖοɼ‫ޒ‬໲ɼ੪ঙ೧έϧϔ͹ࢂՅΝಚΖͪΌͶϪέϨΦʖεϥϱ‫׈‬ಊ͗‫͠༽׈‬Ηͪɽऑ೧੔ਕͶͺɼ‫༽ޑ‬कͳ͹૮஌ɼॊ‫ۂ‬ҽࢩԋϕϫήϧϞɼ୉੐͗ॄΉΖοϡήΠψηஏۢ͹ϪέϨΦʖεϥϱࢬઅͶ͕͏ͱંৰ͗ࢾΊΔΗͪɽΠΤφϨʖο‫׈‬ಊ͹৚ๅɼॊ‫ۂ‬ҽࢩԋ఑‫ंڛ‬΃͹‫ݜ‬रɼΠϩαϙʖϨέηʀΠόωϜηɼψϩατΡέηʀΠόωϜη ‫;ٶ‬ฯ݊‫׈‬ಊΝ௪༙ͣͪ֒͵෼࣯࢘༽͹༩๹΍ɼ͞͹೧ྺ૜ͶଲͤΖଲࡨϕϫήϧϞ͹ߑ੔གྷોͲ͍Ζɽਕؔ‫ؖ‬‫ͳܐ‬Պଔ͹ΩΤϱιϨϱή΍༑઎ࣆߴͲ͍Ζͳߡ͓ΔΗͪ΍͹͹ɼՊଔͳިླྀ͹͍Ζ‫ع‬ଚ͹भ‫گ‬஄ରΏαϝϣωτΡʖ͹ૌ৭ͶΓͮͱଲॴՆ೵ͫΘ͑ͳߡ͓ΔΗͪɽ߶ྺंͶͺɼୂ৮ंήϩʖϕɼ࿟ਕϙʖϞͳබӅΝ௪ͣͱંৰ͗ࢾΊΔΗͪɽಋஏۢ͹೧ۜγʖϑη͕Γ;ऀճγʖϑη෨໵Ͷͺɼ‫ݜ‬रͳ‫״‬ण੓޴৏͹ϕϫήϧϞ͗఑‫͠ڛ‬ΗͪɽࣙࡶଲࡨͶαϝϣωτΡʖΝ‫ࠒ͘ת‬Ίɼࣙࡶଲࡨߨಊ‫ܯ‬ժ͹ࣰࢬͶ‫ͤܐؖ‬Ζಊ޴Ͷͯ͏ͱߨಊ
ήϩʖϕͶఽ͓ΖͪΌɼαϝϣωτΡʖʀϝʖτΡϱήΏαϝϣωτΡʖʀϭʖέεϥρϕ͗ఈ‫غ‬దͶ֋࠷͠Ηͪɽචགྷ͵ࢩԋΝ఑‫ͤڛ‬Ζ͞ͳΝϟυΡΠ͗߻қͪ͢ɽࣙࡶଲࡨ͹τʖϜΝ߁ΌΖͪΌɼಋஏۢͶे΋༙໌ਕ͗ड़ԍͤΖϏϔϨρέʀϟυΡΠͳλʖεϡϩʀϟυΡΠ͹
ΫϡϱϘʖϱ͗‫ܯ‬ժ͠ΗͪɽαϝϣωτΡʖͶ੠ਈฯ݊͹՟ୌΝΓΕ‫͚ک‬қࣟͦ͠ɼࣙࡶΝ‫ݰ‬Δ͢ɼ‫ࢂ͖ͯྙک‬Յࢦ޴͹αϝϣωτΡʖ੠ਈΝਫ਼Ίड़ͪ͢͞ͳ΍͍Εɼࣙࡶଲࡨ͹ߨಊ͗αϝϣωτΡʖͶཤӻΝ΍ͪΔ
͢ͱ͚ΗΖͳ͏͑‫س‬๮ͳ೦қ͗ɼकରదͶ‫ؖ‬༫ͤΖ͞ͳΝ௪ͣͱਫ਼ͣͪɽࢤௗ࣪ͳஏ๏࣑ࣙରͺɼஏ๏࣑ࣙର͹ϕϫζΥέφͳકྲྀͶΓͮͱࣙࡶଲࡨ͹ϟριʖζΝ‫͵ݽک‬΍͹ͳͤΖͫΘ͑ɽ੠ਈ࣮‫׳‬ɼಝͶ͑ͯබͳ༂෼ཛྷ༽ͶଲͤΖ૥‫غ‬͹‫͗ྏ࣑ͳ͘෉ـ‬ɼΓΕଡ͚͹ਕʓͶ΍ͪ
Δ͠ΗΖ͞ͳ͗‫غ‬ଶ͠Ηͪɽ ༂෼࢘༽໲ୌΝ์͓Ζਕʓ͗ɼಋͣ‫ݩܨ‬Ν࣍ͯਕͳ໲ୌմ݀͹ͪΌͶ૮‫ޕ‬ԋঁͤΖͪΌ͹ࣙঁήϩʖϕɽྲྀসͺ1$ɽ

34Ძ ᧏‫଺ڼ‬ƷแͳᲬ И‫˟ׅ‬ӳưᛅƠӳƍǛ‫ڼ‬ǊǔᲭ ǳȟᶇȋȆᶁᶌᘍѣᚘဒǛᎋకƢǔᲰ ǳȟᶇȋȆᶁᶌƷȕᶁᶌȉȐᶅǯȟᶌȆᶁȳǰ35

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Ͳ࢘༽ͤΖͪΌͶన߻ͦ͠Ζ͞ͳͺՆ೵͖Νͺͮ͘Εͦ͠Ζ͞ͳ͗॑གྷͲ͍ΖɽϠωνϨϱήͳ඲Ճͺึ‫׮‬ద͵΍͹Ͳ͍Εɼસ͚พ‫ݺ‬͹ϕϫιηͳ͏͑ΓΕͺ͍Ζఖౕ॑෵ͪ͢΍͹Ͳ͍
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‫ܩ‬କదϠωνϨϱή
ʹ͹ఖౕߨಊ‫ܯ‬ժ͗਒ΞͲ͏Ζ͖ɼΉͪ౏஦Ͳरਜ਼Ώรߍ͗චགྷ͖Ν൓இͤΖ‫͖ݩܨ‬ΔָΞͫ͞ͳΝ‫ܧ‬౹ཱིͱͱ඲ՃͤΖ͞ͳಋͣαϝϣωτΡʖ͍Ζ͏ͺଠ͹αϝϣωτΡʖͶ͕͏ͱߨΚΗͱ͏Ζɼଠ͹ࣙࡶଲࡨ͹৚ๅΝఽ͓Ζγʖϗ΢ϧϱηʤ؄ࢻʥεητϞͳྖదรԿ
ࣙࡶं਼ͳࣙࡶາਲ਼ं਼͹αϝϣωτΡʖસରͲ͹ܑ޴Ν௒ࠬͤΖ̏ɿ‫ܩ‬କదϠωνϨϱή
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 ɽྭ͓ͻɼv ӣӨҗҽճ͕Γ;Ծ෨җҽճ͹ճ߻Ͷ͕͏ͱɼࣙࡶଲࡨ‫׈‬ಊ͹਒ṁΝοΥρέͤΖͪΌ͹࣎ؔΝࡠ
Ζ͞ͳɽҐԾͶ஥໪ͤΖ :+2
9 ‫׈‬ಊ‫ܯ‬ժͺ‫׮‬ਲ਼͖ͪ͢
9 ֦‫׈‬ಊͺઅఈ͠Η಼ͪ࣎ؔͲߨΚΗͱ͏Ζ͖
9 ࣁ‫ݱ‬ͺ‫ܯ‬ժ௪ΕͶ౦೘͠Η͖ͪ
9 ‫׈‬ಊࣰ੹ͺୣ੔͠Η͖ͪ
9 ͠Ή͡Ή͵કྲྀ͹໪ඬͺୣ੔͠Η͖ͪv ‫׈‬ಊ͹‫ة‬ժཱིҌͶ‫ؖ‬Κͮͪߑ੔ҽͤ΄ͱͶɼʹ͹Γ͑͵ೋ͢͏՟ୌͶ௜໚͖ͪ͢ɼ‫׈‬ಊͶรߍ͹఑Ҍͺ͍Ζ͖ͳ͏͑͞ͳΝɼఈ‫غ‬దͶ໲͑v รߍ͗චགྷͲ͍Ηͻɼ৿ͪ͵͹‫ؽ‬ճΏ՟ୌͶԌͮͱસର໪ඬΝրఙͤΖv ϕϫιηસର͹਒ṁΝοΥρέͤΖͪΌͶɼશଁ͢ͱ͏͚ϗϱοϜʖέ ΏࢨඬΝઅఈͤΖʤྭ͓ͻɼ΢ϗϱφ͹ࢂՅं਼ɼϧζΨʙϟυΡΠ͹๎ૻ࣎ؔ͹૱ྖɼϟριʖζΝ಩ͪ͜ਕ͹਼ʥ ੓೵Ώ੔੹͵ʹ͹඲Ճघஊ͹ҲͯͲɼಋͣ෾໼͹ଠ͹ଲেΝ଎ఈ͢ɼ૮ଲద͵ർֳΝߨ͑ࡏ͹ࢨඬʀ‫خ‬६ͳ͵Ζ΍͹ɽ36਒ṁয়‫ڱ‬Ν‫͢ັ۝‬ɼ࠸‫ݗ‬౾ͤΖͪΌ͹࣎ؔΝ‫ܯ‬ժͶૌΊ೘ΗΖ͞ͳͲɼસରద͵ߨಊ‫ܯ‬ժͶ៝ື͵րવΝਦ
Ζ͞ͳ͗Ͳ͘ɼ౏஦Ͳ਒ṁΝࣰ֮ͶϠωνϨϱήͤΖ͞ͳ͗Ͳ͘ΖɽϠωνϨϱήͺ‫ة‬ժΏࡨఈ͹ஊ֌͖Δ
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ͤΖͳ͏͑໪దͶ‫ݸ‬Δͥɼଠ͹αϝϣωτΡʖ΍ཤ༽Ͳ͘ΖͪΌɼ‫͖ݩܨ‬ΔָΞͫ͞ͳͺචͥ‫ى‬࿧Ͷ࢔ͤ͞ͳɽ‫׮‬સ͵υʖνΝࢊड़ͤΖͪΌͶɼडඎҲؑͪ͢඲Ճ๑Νમ୔ͤΖ΄͘Ͳ͍Ζʤ෉࿧ʥɽָΞͫ͞ͳΝΉͳΌɼ‫ى‬࿧Ͷ࢔ͤ๏๑ͳ͢ͱҐԾΝ఑ҌͤΖɽ• ࣙࡶଲࡨ‫׈‬ಊͶ‫ؖ‬Κͮͱ͏ΖࢂՅंͶɼ৏घ͚ߨͮͪ͞ͳͳ৏घ͚ߨ͖͵͖ͮͪ͞ͳΝॽ͘ड़͢ͱ΍Δ͏ɼ࣏Ͷਫ਼͖ͤ΄͘қ‫ݡ‬Ν‫ى‬࿧Ͷ࢔ͤʤϓΡʖχώρέ͍ࣞΖ͏ͺ௒ࠬΝ༽͏Ζ౵ʥ• ӣӨҗҽճΏԾ෨җҽճͶ‫͖ݩܨ‬ΔָΞͫ͞ͳɼ࣏Ͷਫ਼͖ͤ΄͘қ‫ݡ‬ɼ͠ΔͶͺࢂՅं͹ϓΡʖχώρέ΍‫ޒ‬ΊΖΓ͑Ͷ͢ͱ΍Δ͑ʤྭ͓ͻɼϭʖέεϥρϕΏ΢ϱνϑϣʖͲʥ• ࣙࡶଲࡨ‫׈‬ಊ͹ࣰࢬ͹࣯Ώ‫׮‬੔ౕɼࣰࢬ͠Ηͪ‫׈‬ಊ͹૱਼ɼࢂՅਕ਼ɼຮଏౕɼ‫ͳंܐؖ‬͹‫ʹ͵ྙڢ‬ɼ͠Ή͡Ή͵ࢨඬΝߡࡱͤΖพ͹Ҍͳ͢ͱɼϓΧʖΩηήϩʖϕʀυΡηΩρεϥϱΝ֋͚ͳ͏͑͞ͳ͍͗Ζʤ෉࿧ʥɽϓΧʖΩηήϩʖϕͳ͏͑͹ͺ̔ʛਕ͹ঘॄ஄Ͳɼ‫ݩܨ‬๝͖͵਒ߨༀ͗ޮ֋౾࿨Ώࣙ༟౾࿨Ν਒ߨͦ͠Ζɽ͑ͪ͢͞౾࿨ճͺ೘೨Ͷ६ඍͤΖ͞ͳ͗॑གྷͲ͍Ζɽ͵ͧ͵Δɼ୉੐͹ॵଲ໚͹ਕͪͬΝࢂՅंͳ͢ͱમఈ͢ɼ઴΍ͮͱ݀Όͱ͕͚ఖౕ͹࣯໲ʤ౾࿨઴ͶࢂՅंͶஎΔͦ͵͏ʥΝ৽॑Ͷમͻ͵͚ͱͺ͵Δͥɼ਒ߨༀͳ͍Κͦͱॽ‫ىͳى‬࿧‫ܐ‬΍મͻ͵͚ͱͺ͵Δ͵͏ (OOLRWͳ$VVRFLDWHV ɽࢂՅंͳ͢ͱɼྭ͓ͻɼαϝϣωτΡʖࢨ಍ंɼ‫ࢥگ‬ɼ؅‫ࢥޤ‬ɼͨ͹ଠฯ݊ҫྏ‫ंܐؖ‬ɼभ‫ࢨگ‬಍ंɼ೸৖कɼߨ੕৮ҽ͵ʹ͗ߡ͓ΔΗΖɽ
̑झ͹࣯໲ (OOLRWͳ$VVRFLDWHV ͺɼαϝϣωτΡʖͶ͕͜ΖࣙࡶΏࣙࡶଲࡨ‫׈‬ಊ͵ʹɼॶఈ͹τʖϜΝखΕ৏͝ΖࡏͶༀཱིͯͫΘ͑ɽ̑झ͹࣯໲ͳͺҐԾ͹௪ΕͲ͍Ζɽ• ࢂՅं͗଩ͬմ͜ΖͪΌ͹࣯໲ʁࢂՅंͶ࿫͢߻͏͹कୌΝઈ໎͢ɼ‫ە‬௃ΝΆ͛͢ͱ΍Δ͑ʤྭʥ- ࣙࡶͶͯ͏ͱʹ͹Γ͑͵͞ͳΝஎͮͱ͏Ή͖ͤɽࣙࡶଲࡨͶͯ͏ͱͺʹ͑Ͳ͖ͤɽ
- எͮͱ͏Ζࣙࡶଲࡨ‫׈‬ಊͺ͍ΕΉ͖ͤɽࣙ෾͹αϝϣωτΡʖͲߨΚΗͱ͏Ζߨಊ‫ܯ‬ժͶԢͣͪࣙࡶଲࡨ‫׈‬ಊͶͯ͏ͱɼʹ͑ࢧ͏Ή͖ͤɽ• ࿫͢߻͏͹֫ৼͶയΖ࣯໲ʁ࿫͢߻͏͹֫ৼͶಁΊࠒ΋ʤྭʥ- ‫ࡑݳ‬ɼγʖϑηͳ΢ϱϓϧηφϧέοϡʖͲଏΕ͵͏΍͹ͺՁͫͳࢧ͏Ή͖ͤɽ- αϝϣωτΡʖͶ͕͏ͱɼࣙࡶଲࡨΝࠖೋͶͦ͠ͱ͏Ζ΍͹ͺՁͫͳࢧ͏Ή͖ͤɽ- ࣙࡶΝ‫ݰ‬ঙͦ͠Ζ͞ͳͶ͕͏ͱɼࣙࡶଲࡨ‫׈‬ಊ͹༙ް੓ΝࢂՅंͺʹ͑‫͏ͱͣ״‬Ή͖ͤɽ• श྅͹ͪΌ͹࣯໲:࿫͢߻͏ͲखΕ͞·ͪ͢͞ͳͺ͵͏͖֮೟ͤΖʤྭʥ- Ձ͖෉͜Յ͓ͪ͏͞ͳ͍͗Ζਕͺ͏ΉͦΞ͖ɽ- Ά͖Ͷ࣯໲͍͗Ζ๏ͺ͏Ή͖ͤɽॶఈ͹τʖϜ̏ͯͶଲ͢ͱਜ਼౲͵݃ՎΝड़ͤͶͺɼ௪৙̐ͯҐ৏ʤ୉ର̑ͯʥ͹ϓΧʖΩηήϩʖϕ͗චགྷͳ͠ΗΖ (OOLRWͳ$VVRFLDWHV ɽ37̓̓ɻ αϝἁωτỻổ͹۫ରద͵ߨಊ‫ܯ‬ժ͹ϠωνϨϱήͳ඲Ճv ͍Ζࣙࡶଲࡨ‫׈‬ಊ͗ɼଲেͳ͵Ζซ͘घͶ಩͖͵͏ɼ΍͚͢ͺްՎదͲ͵͏ͳ‫ͣ״‬ΔΗΖ৖߻ͺɼʹ͹Γ͑ͶรߍΉͪͺրรͲ͘Ζ͖ͶखΕૌ΋̑ɿγʖϗ΢ϧϱηεητϞͳྖదรԿ
਒ṁয়‫͍Ͳ͑ʹ͗ڱ‬Ζ͖ΝஎΖͪΌͶɼߨಊ‫ܯ‬ժΝҲఈ͹๑ଉͲ‫܃‬Εศ͢ϠωνϨϱήͤΖ൥ҕΝӿ͓ͱɼγʖϗ΢ϧϱηʤ؄ࢻʥεητϞͺྖద͵υʖνΝߡࡱͤΖɽྖదυʖνͺɼଲেͳ͵ΖαϝϣωτΡʖͲҲఈ͹‫ؔغ‬ɼࣙࡶं਼Ώࣙࡶາਲ਼ं਼Ͷ͕͜Ζસରద͵ܑ޴Ν߁͏ࢻ఼ͲࣖͤɽͯΉΕɼ৶བͲ͘Ζྒྷ࣯͹υʖνͶΓͮͱ࣎ؔ‫ܨ‬գͶ൒͑ϠωνϨϱή͗Ն೵ͳ͵ΕɼΉͪࣙࡶंΏࣙࡶາਲ਼ंΝ‫ݰ‬ঙͦ͠Ζ͞ͳͶ͕͜Ζղ೘͹༙ް੓Νৄ໎ͤΖ͞ͳ΍Ͳ͘Ζɽ͖͢͢ɼࣙࡶͺͨ͑ළൡͶً͞Ζ΍͹Ͳͺ͵͚ɼୱಢ͹αϝϣωτΡʖϪϗϩͲ୉͘͵รԿ͗චͥ͢΍ً͞Ζͳͺ‫͏͵͓ݶ‬ɽ‫܊‬൅ࣙࡶ͹൅ਫ਼ͺࢻ఼͗෵ࡸԿͤΖ‫ڬ‬Η͍͗Ζɽ‫܉‬࿇Νणͪ͜ਕ͹਼ɼ઒໵‫ؖؽ‬Ν়ղ͠Ηͪਕ͹਼ɼ‫׈‬ಊͶࢂՅ͢ͱ͏Ζਕ͹਼͵ʹɼΓΕ߁͏ࢨඬ΍༽͏Ζචགྷ͍͗Ζɽ
γʖϗ΢ϧϱηεητϞ͹໪దΏ૟ఈ͠ΗΖรߍͺɼฯ݊ҫྏɼ੕ࡨɼ‫ڂݜ‬͹෾໼Ͷ଒ͤΖɽ͖͢͢ɼ࠹
शదͶஏҮɼࠅ಼ɼ੊ֆద͵γʖϗ΢ϧϱη͹࢕ૌΊ΃‫ر‬༫ͤΖචགྷΝߡྂͪ࣎͢ɼγʖϗ΢ϧϱηεη
τϞͳ͏͑ࣆߴΝαϝϣωτΡʖ͹ߨಊ‫ܯ‬ժͶ౹߻ͤΖ͹ͺ॑གྷ͵͞ͳͲ͍Ζɽ:+2ๅࠄʲࣙࡶΝ༩๹ͤ
Ζʁ੊ֆ͗Վͪͤ΄͘੻ແʳʤ:+2ʥͲͺɼʹ͹ࠅͶ͕͏ͱ΍ɼ‫ؽ‬೵ద͵γʖϗ΢ϧϱηεητϞ
Νใ‫ׇ‬ద͵ࣙࡶଲࡨકྲྀ͹Ҳ෨ͳ͢ͱ༽͏Ζ͞ͳ͗॑གྷͫͳफ़΄ͪɽࣙࡶଲࡨ͹྘ҮͲͺɼ͏͖͵Ζղ೘Ͷ͕͏ͱ΍࠹शద͵໪ඬͺࣙࡶंͳࣙࡶາਲ਼ंΝ‫ݰ‬ঙͦ͠Ζ͞ͳͲ͍ΕɼͨΗͺྒྷ࣯͹υʖνΝͤ͛Ͷཤ
༽Ͳ͘Ζয়ସͶ͢ͱ͕͚චགྷ͍͗Ζͳ͏͑қັͲ΍͍ΖɽαϝϣωτΡʖʤྭ͓ͻɼαϝϣωτΡʖ͹ฯ݊ҫྏ‫ࡱܱͳंܐؖ‬ʥͺɼࣙ෾ͪͬ͹྘ҮͲ͹ࣙࡶΏࣙࡶາਲ਼Ͷ‫ͤؖ‬Ζ৚ๅΝఈ‫غ‬దͶॄΌͱɼγʖϗ΢ϧϱηεητϞΝ࢟ΌΖ͞ͳ͗Ͳ͘Ζ͖ʹ͖͑Ν͖֮ΌΖ΄͘Ͳ͍Ζɽͨ͢ͱɼͨΗ͗͏ͥΗ߁Ү͹γʖϗ΢ϧϱηεητϞͶ‫ر‬༫ͤΖ͞ͳΝࢻ໼Ͷ೘Ηͱ͕͚΄
͘Ͳ͍Ζɽ͞ΗͺαϝϣωτΡʖͲυʖνफॄ͹ༀׄΝ৾Ε෾͜ΖਕΝ೜ໍͤΖ͞ͳͲࣰ‫͘Ͳݳ‬Ζʤ෉࿧ʥɽ݆Ͷౕ̏ɼ೜ໍ͠Ηͪਕʓͺɼࣙࡶ‫ؖ‬࿊͹৚ๅ‫͵ͳݱ‬ΕಚΖ΍͹Ν௒΄ɼචགྷ͍͗Ηͻ‫ؖ‬࿊‫ؖؽ‬Ν๜໲͢ͱࣙࡶΏࣙࡶາਲ਼͹਼݇Ν೼Ѵ͢ɼࣙࡶͶ‫ͤؖ‬ΖυʖνΝफॄͤΖ͹͗ྒྷ͏ɽ৚ๅ‫͵ͳݱ‬ΕಚΖ΍͹ͳ͢ͱͺɼҐԾΝ‫؜‬΋ɽ• ਏࡱ‫ى‬࿧• αϝϣωτΡʖ͹ࢨ಍ं• ҲൢҫɼαϝϣωτΡʖ͹ฯ݊ҫྏ‫ंܐؖ‬Ώ؅‫ࢥޤ‬• ‫ࢥگ‬ɼܱࡱɼভ๹࢞͵ʹ͹ΰʖφΫʖϏʖ• Ւ૶৖ʤ༽ஏʥΏ‫ڠ‬ಋฺஏ• αϝϣωτΡʖͲ೜ໍ͠Ηͪਕʓ• भ‫ࢨگ‬಍ं॑གྷ͵͹ͺɼࣙࡶΏࣙࡶາਲ਼Ͷ‫ͤؖ‬Ζ͏͖͵Ζଲ࿫΍‫׮‬સͶඁື‫ݭ‬गͳ͠Ηͱ͏Ζ͞ͳɼ‫ى‬࿧υʖν͗҈સ͵৖ॶͶฯ؇͠ΗΖ͞ͳͲ͍ΖɽΓΕ߁Ү͵γʖϗ΢ϧϱηͶࣁͤΖͪΌͶɼ͑ͪ͢͞౔ྙΝߨ͑͞ͳͺɼࠅ͹ਕ޳ಊସౌ࿧εητϞʤ͍Ζਕ޳Ͷ͕͜Ζͤ΄ͱ͹ਕ޳ಊସࣆেΝޮࣞదͶ‫ى‬࿧ͪ͢΍͹ʥ͹Ҳ෨ͳ΍͵ΕಚΖɽͨ͢ͱࠅ͹υʖνͺ:+2ࢰ๤υʖνϗʖη΃ͳๅࠄ͠ΗΖͫΘ͑ KWWSZZZZKRLQWKHDOWKLQIRPRUWDOLW\BGDWDHQ
೧݆ೖͶΠέιη ɽ:+2ͺɼҪର҈஖ॶΏබӅͶ͕͜ΖɼࣙࡶΝ‫؜‬΋֐Ҿࢰ͹ౌ࿧๏๑Ͷͯ͏ͱ͹ࢨ಍΍ߨ͑ :+2 ɽಋ࣎Ͷɼࣙࡶາਲ਼ΏࣙউߨҟͶଲͤΖබӅΝ‫خ‬൭ͳͪ͢ౌ࿧εητϞ͹ཱི֮Ώ‫ک‬ԿͶͯ͏ͱ͹৚ๅ͗ɼࣰભϜωϣΠϩͲཤ༽Ͳ͘ΖΓ͑Ͷ͵ͮͪ :+2D ɽ͠ΔͶɼඉ‫״‬ઝ੓࣮‫׳‬͹‫ݧث‬Ҿࢢγʖϗ΢ϧϱηͶಉ͖͘͜Ζ67(36Πϕϫʖο KWWSZZZZKRLQWFKSVWHSVHQ೧݆
ೖΠέιη Ͳͺɼࣙࡶາਲ਼Ν‫؜‬΋ࠅ಼Ͳ͹‫ݧث‬ҾࢢͶͯ͏ͱɼࠅ͹େනద͵ਕ޳Ͷ‫ͪ͏Ͱخ‬υʖνΝ೼ѴͤΖͪΌ͹ςʖϩॄΝ఑‫͏ͱ͢ڛ‬Ζɽ

38ϋϏʖϩͶͺɼ೧͹୉ஏਔͲ࠹΍୉͘͵අ֒Νणͪ͜ஏۢ͹̏ͯͶɼεϱχΣʀϏϩοϥʖέ‫͍͗܌‬Ζɽ͞͞Ͳͺࣙࡶ͹਼݇͗ଁՅ͢ɼ̐೧ؔͶਕ͖ΔਕͶ͵ͮͪɽεϱχΣʀϏϩοϥʖέ‫܌‬͹οϥʖνϧࢤͺɼࣙࡶଲࡨͶ͕͏ͱαϝϣωτΡʖͶ੷‫ۅ‬దͶ‫ؖ‬༫ͤ
Ζ͞ͳͶ݀Όͪɽࣆ઴ճ٠ͶͺɼαϝϣωτΡʖ͹ۢௗɼஏҮܱࡱ‫ׯ‬ɼฯ݊ҫྏ‫ंܐؖ‬ɼஏҮ͹ࢨ಍ंɼඉ੕ැ
ૌ৭͹ߑ੔ҽ͗‫؜‬ΉΗͪɽ൶ΔͺαϝϣωτΡʖͶ͕͜Ζࣙࡶ͹ऀճదෝ୴ͳཤ༽Ն೵͵γʖϑηΝ௒΄ͪɽஏۢ͹ฯ݊؇ཀྵंΏஏҮ͹‫ंܐؖ‬ͺɼαϝϣωτΡʖ͗‫ؖ‬࿊ͤΖҲ࿊͹΢ϗϱφͳญͦͱɼ‫ܯ‬ժ͠Ηͪ‫׈‬ಊ͹໪దΝఽ͓ΔΗͪɽ֋࢟࣎͹࿫͢߻͏Ͷͺɼָߏ‫گ‬ҽɼඉ੕ැૌ৭͹ߑ੔ҽɼे຿ɼฯ݊ҫྏॊࣆंɼঃ੓͹αϝϣωτΡʖฯ݊ϚϧϱτΡΠ͗ॄΉΕɼࣙࡶ͹೟ࣟΏࣙࡶଲࡨͶ‫ͤؖ‬Ζ‫ݜ‬र͗෈ଏ͢ͱ͏Ζ
͞ͳɼ͠ΔͶͺࣙࡶࣆྭ͹؇ཀྵΏϓΧϫʖΠρϕ͗෈ॉ෾͖ͯඉްིͲ͍Ζ͞ͳΝ࠹॑གྷ࿨఼
ͳͪ͢ɽָߏͲͺਫ਼ైͶ੠ਈฯ݊ͳࣙࡶଲࡨͶͯ͏ͱ͹‫گ‬үΝߨͮͱ͏͵͖ͮͪɽ࿫͢߻͏ͳࣆ઴ճ٠͹಼༲ΝಁΉ͓ͱӣӨҗҽճ͚͗ͯΔΗɼ‫ंܐؖ‬Ν໎֮Ͷ͢ɼࣙࡶଲࡨͶ
ଲͤΖ૱߻ద໪ඬΝ݀ΌɼαϝϣωτΡʖ͹ߨಊ‫ܯ‬ժΝࡨఈͪ͢ɽҗҽճͺɼαϝϣωτΡʖ͹ۢௗɼߏௗɼஏҮ͹ඉ੕ැૌ৭͹େනɼे຿ɼঃ੓͹αϝϣωτΡʖฯ݊ϚϧϱτΡΠ͖Δߑ੔͠Ηͱ͏ͪɽӣӨҗҽճ͹ߑ੔ҽͺɼऀճద͵ࢩԋ͹࢕ૌΊ͗ओ͏͞ͳɼ‫خ‬ຌద͵γʖϑη͗ॉ෾Ͷ఑‫͠ڛ‬Ηͱ͏͵͏͞ͳΝࢨఢͪ͢ɽ୉ஏਔ͹‫ޛ‬ɼ͍ΔΑΖࢩԋΝࣨͮͪਕʓͺɼབΖ͍ͱ΍͵͚ɼαϝϣωτΡʖͲ͹ࣙࡶ਼݇ͺଁՅͪ͢ɽ
ӣӨҗҽճ͹ߑ੔ҽ͹ɼࣙࡶΏࣙࡶଲࡨͶ‫ͤؖ‬Ζ઒໵எࣟ͗෈ଏ͢ͱ͏ͪͪΌɼ̏ೖ‫ݸ‬Ε͹ઈ໎ճ͗֋࠷͠Ηͪɽ͞͹ઈ໎ճͲͺɼࣙࡶ೨ྂɼࣙࡶ‫ة‬ժɼࣙউߨҟ͹͍ΖਕΝʹ͑ΠιηϟϱφͤΖ͖ɼΉͪͨ͹Γ͑͵ਕͪͬ͗న઀͵ҫྏΏৼཀྵָదγϛʖφΝ୵ͦΖΓ͑Ͷɼʹ͑ଇͦͻΓ͏͖ͳ͏͑ઈ໎͍͗ͮͪɽ:+2͹੠ਈฯ݊͹֪ࠫͶ‫ͤؖ‬ΖߨಊϕϫήϧϞղ೘
Ϊ΢χʤPK*$3,*0HQWDO+HDOWK*DS$FWLRQ3URJUDPPH,QWHUYHQWLRQ*XLGHʥ͹ࣙউʙࣙࡶ͹෨෾Νրร͢ɼઈ໎ճͶ༽͏ͪɽαϝϣωτΡʖ͹࠹ॵ͹ճ߻ͺۢ͹ճ٠࣪Ͳ֋࠷͠ΗͪɽஏҮ͹ඉ੕ැૌ৭ɼλʖεϡϩʀϠʖϑϧ΢δʖ ɼঃ੓͹αϝϣωτΡʖฯ݊ϚϧϱτΡΠ͹‫ྙڢ‬΍͍ΕɼαϝϣωτΡʖߑ੔ҽͳɼ࠹΍॑གྷ͵‫͗ंܐؖ‬ড΃͏͠Ηͪɽ૱੐໌͗ड़ੰͪ͢ɽ‫ڢ‬٠ࣆߴͶͺɼࣙࡶͶͯ͏ͱஎΕ࢟ΌΖɼͤ͛ͶߨಊΝखΖචགྷ੓ɼ໪దɼࣙࡶଲࡨͶ͕͏ͱՆ೵͵‫׈‬ಊɼαϝϣωτΡʖ͹ༀׄɼαϝϣωτΡʖͶ͕͏ͱ‫ߨࡑݳ‬ΚΗͱ͏Ζ‫׈‬ಊ͹ϜρϒϱήΝͤΖ͞ͳ͵ʹ͗‫؜‬ΉΗͱ͏ͪɽ࠹΍॑གྷ͵࿨఼ͺҐԾ͹Γ͑Ͷ໎֮Կ͠Ηͪɽ• αϝϣωτΡʖͶ͕͏ͱࡶமࡐΏ೸༂͗؈ୱͶ೘घͲ͘ͱ͢Ή͑͞ͳ• ਫ਼ࢊΏ൤ജͶ੏‫ͪ͏͵͗ݸ‬ΌͶɼΠϩαʖϩӁྋ͗؈ୱͶ೘घͲ͘ͱ͢Ή͑͞ͳ• αϝϣωτΡʖΏۢ͹ҫྏ‫ؖؽ‬Ͷ‫ݩܨ‬๝͖͵ฯ݊ҫྏॊࣆं͗෈ଏ͢ͱ͏Ζ͞ͳ• ՊଔؔΏαϝϣωτΡʖ͹ߑ੔ҽ͹ؔͲɼ‫ݺ‬ਕద͵қ‫ݡ‬ଲཱི͍͗Ζ͞ͳ• ָߏͲཤ༽Ͳ͘ΖৼཀྵΩΤϱιϨϱή͗ໃ͏͞ͳ
• αϝϣωτΡʖͶৼཀྵऀճదΩΤϱιϨϱή͗෈ଏ͢ͱ͏Ζ͞ͳ• ࣙࡶͶ‫ͤؖ‬ΖϟυΡΠ͹෈న઀͵ๅಕͨ͹‫ޛ‬͹ճ߻ͲɼӣӨҗҽճͳ࠹΍॑གྷ͵‫͗ंܐؖ‬ḹΕ஥͏ͪ૱߻ద໪ඬͺɼҐԾ͹௪ΕͲ͍Ζɽ λʖεϡϩʀϠʖϑϧ΢κʖεϥϱͺɼଲ࿫Ν‫܃‬Εศ͢ߨ͑͞ͳͲ෱߁͏ଲেंʀ‫ंܐؖ‬Ͷಊ‫͜෉ؽ‬Νߨ͏ɼࠅ͕Γ;ஏ๏ϪϗϩͲಝఈ͹֋൅໪ඬͶଲͤΖ‫ܔ‬൅Νߨ͏ɼऩགྷΝ߶ΌΖ͞ͳΝ໪దͳͤΖϕϫιηɽλʖεϡϩʀϠʖϑϧ΢δʖͺͨΗͶ‫ܠ‬ΚΖਕɽ39̓̓ɻ αϝἁωτỻổ͹۫ରద͵ߨಊ‫ܯ‬ժ͹ϠωνϨϱήͳ඲Ճ%R[ϋϏʖϩ͹ࣆྭ‫ڂݜ‬ɻ• αϝϣωτΡʖͶ͕͜Ζࣙࡶາਲ਼ΏࣙࡶΝ๹͛• ࣙࡶ‫ؖ‬࿊ߨಊ͹͍ΖਕΝࢩԋͤΖͪΌͶɼ੻೜͍Ζฯ݊ҫྏεητϞΏऀճฯ্੏ౕΝࡨఈͤΖ• ࣙࡶΏ੠ਈฯ݊৏͹໲ୌͶ‫ͤؖ‬Ζ‫ܔ‬൅Νߨ͏ɼย‫ݡ‬Νঈ‫ͤڊ‬ΖαϝϣωτΡʖ͹ߨಊ‫ܯ‬ժͺɼճ߻͹஦Ͳ໎֮Ͷ͵ͮͪ࠹΍॑གྷ͵࿨఼͹༑઎ॳҒΝϗʖηͳͪ͢ɽͤ΄ͱ͹࿨఼Ͷଲ͢ͱɼࣁ‫ݱ‬͹ϜρϒϱήͳࣰߨՆ೵͵αϝϣωτΡʖ͹ߨಊ͹૴Ҍ͗ࡠΔΗͪɽߨಊ಼༲͹༑઎ॳҒͺ࣏̑‫॑ݫ‬གྷౕϜφϨέηΝ༽͏ͱ݀ΌΔΗͪɽಋқ͹৏݀ఈ͠Ηͪߨಊ಼༲ͺɼ̏ɿαϝϣωτΡʖͶ͕͏ͱɼ೸༂͹೘घΝ੏‫ͤݸ‬Ζɽ
̐ɿαϝϣωτΡʖΏۢ͹ҫྏ‫ؖؽ‬Ͷ͕͏ͱฯ݊ҫྏॊࣆंΝ཈੔ͤΖɽ̑ɿ‫ܔ‬൅Νߨ͏ɼย‫ݡ‬Νक़ঘͦ͠ΖͪΌͶϟυΡΠΝ‫ͤ༽׈‬Ζɽ
̒ɿՊଔؔΏαϝϣωτΡʖ͹ߑ੔ҽ͹ؔ͹‫ݺ‬ਕద͵қ‫ݡ‬ଲًཱི͗ͪ͘৖߻ͺγϛʖφͤΖɽ̓ɿָߏͶ͕͏ͱৼཀྵָదγϛʖφΝ఑‫ͤڛ‬Ζɽ
̔ɿαϝϣωτΡʖͲৼཀྵऀճదγϛʖφΝ఑‫ͤڛ‬Ζɽɻ
̕ɿΠϩαʖϩӁྋ͹ਫ਼ࢊͳ൤ജΝ੏‫ͤݸ‬Ζɽ੕ැ͕Γ;ඉ੕ැ͹‫͗ंܐؖ‬࿊‫׈ͱ͢ܠ‬ಊΝक಍ͤΖͪΌͶɼେනंʤ౲ࣆंͪͬ͗೴ಚͤΖਕ෼ʥ͗મͻΗͪɽࣙࡶଲࡨͺଡ෨໵ద͵ΠϕϫʖοΝචགྷͳͤΖͪΌɼେනं͹Ϩʖξʖερϕ͹΍ͳɼ‫͵ݽݐ‬࿊‫෈͗ܠ‬ՆܿͲ͍ͮͪɽ
Ґ৏͹ߨಊΝಁΉ͓ͱɼӣӨҗҽճ͹ΠΤφϨʖοકྲྀͲͺɼϧζΨɼτϪϑɼ৿ซ͵ʹ͹ஏҮϟυΡΠΝ௪͢ͱɼࣙࡶΏࣙࡶଲࡨͶͯ͏ͱ͹‫ܔ‬൅ΫϡϱϘʖϱΝߨ͑͞ͳͶ͵ͮͪɽࣙࡶ
ଲࡨͶ‫ͤؖ‬Ζ୻͏&0λϱή͗ஏҮ͹ϧζΨͲླྀ͠ΗͪɽӣӨҗҽճͺɼࣙࡶͶͯ͏ͱ͹‫ܔ‬൅ͳɼ੻೜͍ΖࣙࡶๅಕͶͯ͏ͱϟυΡΠ઒໵Պ΃͹‫ݜ‬रΝߨ͑͞ͳͲɼαϝϣωτΡʖͶ͕͏ͱϟυΡΠΝಊҽͲ͘Ζͳ֮৶ͪ͢ɽ
αϝϣωτΡʖͲͺɼकରదͶ‫ؖ‬༫ΝͤΖ͞ͳͲਕʓ͗ࣙࡶͶͯ͏ͱཀྵմΝ਄ΌɼࣙࡶͶͯ͏ͱ͹࿫Νଇͤ͞ͳ͗Ͳͪ͘ͳ‫ͪͣ״‬ɽࣰߨΝඉ৙ͶࠖೋͶͪ͢΍͹ͺɼࡔ੕ద੏༁ΏஎࣟΏ‫͗ݩܨ‬๝෍͵ਕదࣁ‫ݱ‬͹෈ଏͲ͍ͮͪɽαϝϣωτΡʖ͹ҫྏ‫ؖؽ‬ͺɼϕϧ΢ϜϨʀίΠ͹఑‫ͳڛ‬ɼαϝϣωτΡʖ͖Δ઒໵‫ؖؽ‬͹়ղΝणͪ͜ਕͶଲ͢ͱɼଲԢ͗खΗΖΓ͑Ͷ͢ͱ͕͚΄͘Ͳ͍ΖɽαϝϣωτΡʖ͹ฯ݊ҫྏ‫ंܐؖ‬ͺɼৼཀྵऀճదγϛʖφΝ఑‫͢ڛ‬ɼϟϱνϨϱήʥΏηʖϏʖϑζϥϱ Νण͜ΔΗΖΓ͑ͶͤΖ΄͘Ͳ͍Ζɽ ਕࡒү੔͹๏๑͹ҲͯͲɼࢨ಍ंʤϟϱνʗʥ͗ଲ࿫Ώ૮஌Ν௪͢ͱࢨ಍Νण͜ΖଈʤϟϱτΡʖʥͶঁ‫ݶ‬Νߨ͏ɼࣙ൅ద͵‫Ͱـ‬͘Νଇͤɽ ઒໵ՊΏࢨ಍ंʤηʖϏʖώ΢δʖʥ͗ଲਕԋঁͶ‫ܠ‬ΚΖॵৼंʤηʖϏʖώ΢ζʖʥͶঁ‫ݶ‬Νߨ͏ɼ઒໵੓Ν޴৏ͦ͠Ζघ๑ɽ40Ძ ᧏‫଺ڼ‬ƷแͳᲬ И‫˟ׅ‬ӳưᛅƠӳƍǛ‫ڼ‬ǊǔᲭ ǳȟᶇȋȆᶁᶌᘍѣᚘဒǛᎋకƢǔᲯ ǳȟᶇȋȆᶁᶌᘍѣᚘဒƷȢȋǿȪȳǰƱᚸ̖Ჰ ǳȟᶇȋȆᶁᶌƷȕᶁᶌȉȐᶅǯȟᶌȆᶁȳǰ41

Ხ ዒዓႎƳȡȇᶁǢƷ෇ဇ αϝϣωτΡʖ͹ϓΡʖχώρέϝʖτΡϱή αϝϣωτΡʖ͹ϓΡʖχώρέϝʖτΡϱή‫׈‬ಊΝ඲Ճ͢ɼकରద͵‫ؖ‬༫͹ϕϫιη͹੔ՎΝ௪எͤΖ॑གྷ͵๏๑͹̏ͯͶɼαϝϣωτΡʖϓΡʖχώρέϝʖτΡϱή͍͗Ζʤ෉࿧ʥɽϕϫιη֋࢟࣎͹ॵյ͹ճ߻ͳಋ༹ɼαϝϣωτΡʖસҽΝॄΌɼ‫׈‬ಊ͹Ӫ‫ڻ‬Ν࿫͢߻͏඲ՃͤΖ͞ͳ͗໪దͲ͍ΖɽϓΡʖχώρέϝʖτΡϱήͶΓΕɼ‫͖ݩܨ‬Δָ
Ξͫ͞ͳΝफॄ͢ɼࠕ‫ޛ‬͹๏޴੓Νࣖͤ͞ͳ͗Ͳ͘ΖɽϝʖτΡϱή͹֋࠷࣎‫غ‬Ͷͯ͏ͱͺɼͤ΄ͱ͹‫׈‬ಊ͹‫׮‬྅࣎͗న઀Ͳ͍Θ͑ɽϓΡʖχώρέϝʖτΡϱήΝࣰࢬͤΖ๏๑ͺ༹ʓͫ͗ɼαϝϣωτΡʖ͹ಝ௅ͳࣙࡶଲࡨ‫׈‬ಊ͹ಝ৯Ͷ͍ͮͪ๏๑͗న઀Ͳ͍ΖɽϝʖτΡϱή͹ߑ੔ͺɼॵյ͹ճ߻ͳಋͣΓ͑͵΍͹͖ɼ͍Ζ͏ͺ୻͏൅නͳ౾
࿨Ͳ΍ߑΚ͵͏ɽαϝϣωτΡʖ͖ΔϓΡʖχώρέΝಚΖͪΌͶɼ௒ࠬධΝഓා͢ͱ΍ྒྷ͏ɽBox 6. ΠϟϨΩ߻़ࠅ͹ࣆྭΠϟϨΩ߻़ࠅͶ͕͏ͱɼࣙࡶͺकགྷ͵ࢰҾ͹ͽͳͯͲ͍ΖɽΤΥηφώʖζωΠयͺɼ೧͹ਕ޳ຬਕ͍ͪΕ͹೧ྺ௒੖ࣙࡶࢰ๤ི͗Ͳ͍Εɼयพࣙࡶࢰ๤ིͲҒͳ͵ͮͱ͏ΖɽΤΥηφώʖζωΠयཱི୉ָͺɼύϨλϱ‫܌‬͹ஏҮື஥‫ܗ‬͹ඉӨཤ஄ରͲ͍ΖϖϩεʖʀύϨλϱʤ+HDOWK\+DUULVRQʥͳ࿊‫ͱ͢ܠ‬ɼஏҮ͹ωʖθɼՃ஍؏ɼཤ༽Ն೵͵ࣁ‫ݱ‬Ͷ஥໪ͪ͢αϝϣωτΡʖ͗कରదͶ‫ؖ‬༫ͤΖͪΌ͹ςʖϩॄʤFRPPXQLW\HQJDJHPHQW
WRRONLWʥΝࣰࢬͤΖ͞ͳΝ݀Όͪɽॵյ͹‫ݗ‬౾ճΝஏҮαϝϣωτΡʖ͹ϟϱώʖͳ֋࠷͢ɼϕϫιηΝઈ໎͢ɼ໪ඬΝઅఈ͢ɼ༹ʓ͵‫׈‬ಊΝഓ஖ͪ͢ɽࢂՅϟϱώʖͶͺɼ੠ਈฯ݊ॊࣆंɼฯ݊γʖϑη؇ཀྵंɼࣙࡶଲࡨ
઒໵Պɼभ‫گ‬αϝϣωτΡʖ͹ϟϱώʖɼܱࡱ͹େනं͗͏ͪɽࢂՅंͪͬͺɼ౲ॵͺɼࣙࡶΝͨΗΆʹ‫͚ک‬қࣟ͢ͱ͏͵͏ͳ͹͞ͳͲ͍ͮͪɽ͖͢͢ɼ࿫͢߻͏Ν௪ͣͱɼϨηέ͹߶͏ॄ஄ͳɼΨϒΨ΢χ͹࢘༽ɼઊ๮‫״‬ɼ໪ద͹૗ࣨɼಝͶ࣑ྏΝඉ೜қͲण͜Ζචགྷ͹͍Ζࣆྭ
Ͷ͕͜Ζ੠ਈฯ݊γʖϑη΃͹Πέιη͹՟ୌ͵ʹɼஏҮͶ͕͜Ζࣙࡶ͹कགྷ͵‫ؖ‬࿊གྷҾΝ໎
Δ͖Ͷͪ͢ɽ
ࣙࡶଲࡨ‫׈‬ಊͶ͕͏ͱ‫ंྙڢ͵॑ي‬Ͷ͵Ζͳߡ͓ΔΗΖ‫ͳंܐؖ‬Ϗʖφψʖޫึ͗ಝఈ͠Ηͪɽ࠹΍॑གྷ͵ϏʖφψʖͺɼஏҮ͹‫༽ޑ‬कɼ߶౵‫گ‬ү‫ؖؽ‬ɼஏҮ͹੪ঙ೧‫׈‬ಊ஄ରɼ‫گ‬ճɼΩϱφϨʖέϧϔɼϪέϨΦʖεϥϱࢬઅɼஏҮ͹ୂༀ‫܋‬ਕ஄ର͵ʹͲ͍ͮͪɽऀճ͖
Δ‫ཱི͍ͪ͢ݿ‬Ζ͏ͺ༂෼Νཛྷ༽͢ͱ͏Ζ஦೧͹஋੓͵ʹ͹ࣙࡶϨηέ͹߶͏ਕʓ͗ළൡͶ๜
ΗΖ৖ॶʤྭɼ৮৖ɼώʖʥͺɼಝͶ॑གྷͲ͍Ζͳ͠Ηͪɽ॒‫ح‬͹Γ͑͵஗ࢰི͹߶͏घஊ΃͹ΠέιηͶಉ͖͘͜Ζ༩๹ϕϫήϧϞ͹ఴ֋͹‫ࠒݡ‬ΊͶͯ͏ͱ΍٠࿨͠Ηɼ͞͹ஏҮͶಝ༙͹གྷҾͲ͍Ζͳ೟ࣟ͠Ηͪɽ‫ع‬ଚ͹ࣁ‫ݱ‬Ͷͯ͏ͱ֮೟͗ߨΚΗɼ੠ਈӶਫ਼͕Γ;ࣙࡶଲࡨͶ‫ͤؖ‬Ζҡ͵Ζ஄ରؔ͹৚ๅި‫׷‬͹෈ଏɼγʖϑηؔ͹࿊‫෈ܠ‬ଏɼ‫ٺٻ‬ҫྏɼভ๹ɼܱࡱ͹‫ؖ‬༫Ͷ‫ͤؖ‬Ζ૟ఈ͠ΗΖรԿɼ೵ಊ
ద͵ฯ݊γʖϑη͹චགྷ੓͵ʹɼଲࡨϕϫήϧϞͶ͕͜Ζ॑གྷ͵఼ܿ͗໎Δ͖Ͷ͠ΗͪɽஏҮߨಊ‫ܯ‬ժ͹ࡨఈգఖͶ͕͏ͱɼӣӨҗҽճͺҐԾ͹ࣙࡶଲࡨ͹ใ‫ׇ‬ద͵໪ඬΝઅఈͪ͢ɽ
• ཤ༽Ն೵͵ࣁ‫ͳݱ‬γʖϑηͶΓͮͱࣙࡶΝ༩๹ͤΖ͞ͳ• ੠ਈฯ݊ͳࣙࡶଲࡨ΃͹ย‫ݡ‬Ν͵͚ͤ‫׈‬ಊΝ‫ݡ‬ड़͢ɼࢩԋͤΖ͞ͳ• චགྷ͵ਕʓͶίΠΝ఑‫ͤڛ‬ΖͪΌ͹޽ఖනΝࡠ੔ͤΖ͞ͳ

42੠ਈҫྏγʖϑηର੏͹Ժ‫ܛ‬Ν‫ࡑݳ‬ण͜ͱ͏͵͏Ϩηέ͹߶͏ਕʓͶघΝࠫ͢͹΄Ζ΄͘Ͳ͍Εɼ‫׈‬ಊ໪దͺͨ͹Γ͑͵ਕʓΝ୵͢ड़͢ࢩԋͤΖ͞ͳͲ͍ΖͳɼϖϩεʖʀύϨλϱ͹ߑ੔ҽ͗‫ͳͪ͞͏ͱͣ״͚ک‬ͺɼ॑གྷͲ͍ΖɽύϨλϱ‫܌‬ͺർֳద߁͚ɼҐ৏͹౐ࢤͳঘ͠͵ௌΝ‫؜‬ΞͲ͏Ζɽྣ͹ਕ޳ॄ஦ஏͳ͹ௗ͏‫ͳ཯ړ‬ɼαϝϣωτΡʖ͹ࣁ‫ߨͳݱ‬੕Ͷ͕͜Ζ೟ࣟ͠Ηͱ͏Ζࠫҡ͹ͪΌɼ߁ҮͶ͕͏ͱన༽
Ն೵͵‫ڠ‬௪͹કྲྀΝ‫ݡ‬ड़ͤ͞ͳͺࠖೋͲ͍ͮͪɽߨಊ‫ܯ‬ժ͹ࡨఈͶ͕͜Ζ՟ୌͺɼർֳద߁ҮͶ͕͜ΖஏҮ‫׈‬ಊͶͯ͏ͱ‫ݗ‬౾͗චགྷ͵͞ͳͲ͍ͮͪɽ͠ΔͶɼଲেஏҮ಼ͶͺɼͤͲͶࣰࢬ͠Ηͱ͏Ζय͕Γ;ஏҮϪϗϩ͹ࣙࡶଲࡨϕϫήϧϞ͹‫׈‬ಊ͍͗Ζ͞ͳ΍Κ͖ͮͪɽͨ͹݃Վɼஏ‫ݫ‬͹ωʖθɼࣁ‫ݱ‬ɼ‫ع‬ଚ͹ϕϫήϧϞͶԢͣͱࡀ༽ΉͪͺրรͲ͘Ζ୉࿰͹‫׈‬ಊۢ෾͹݀ఈ͗॑ࢻ͠Ηͪɽߨಊ‫ܯ‬ժͶͺɼҐԾ͗‫؜‬ΌΔΗͪʁ ஏҮΏࠅ͹‫ع‬ଚ͹ϕϫήϧϞ͹ࢩԋΝण͜ͱ͏Ζ‫ܯ‬ժΏϕϫήϧϞΝ౹߻ͤΖɽ ࣙࡶଲࡨΝஏҮ͹࠹༑઎ࣆߴͶΉͲ߶ΌΖકྲྀΝࡨఈ͢ɼஏҮ͹Ϗʖφψʖʤྭɼभ‫ؖگ‬‫ܐ‬ɼ߶ྺंγʖϑηʥΝ‫ͯ͜ݡ‬ɼࢩԋͳγʖϑη͹ϋρφϭʖέΝߑ஛ͤΖ͞ͳɽ ஏҮ͹Ϗʖφψʖ͕Γ;ࣆ‫͖ॶۂ‬Δ͹‫ྙڢ‬ΝಚΖ஦ͲɼϕϫήϧϞͳ‫׈‬ಊ͹ͪΌ͹ࣁۜΝ
௒ୣͤΖ͞ͳɽ ίΠ͹รַͳࢩԋΝ‫ٽ‬ΌΖ޽ఖ͹ࡠ੔ΝࢩԋͤΖͪΌɼஏҮ͹ฯ݊ҫྏॊࣆंͳ࿊‫ͤܠ‬ΖɽαϝϣωτΡʖ͹ϟϱώʖͺɼ‫ڢ‬ಉͲࣙࡶΝ༩๹Ͳ͘Ζ͞ͳͶ‫ͪ͏Ͱـ‬ɽઊ๮‫״‬Ώ͍͘ΔΌ͹‫ͬ࣍ـ‬ͶଲॴͤΖ͞ͳ͗ͳͱ΍॑གྷͲ͍Ζ͞ͳ͗໎֮ͳ͵ͮͪɽࣙࡶଲࡨߨಊͳࣁۜ௒ୣ
કྲྀ͹֋୕Ͷͯ͏ͱ‫ܩ‬କదͶ߁͚٠࿨͢ͱ͏͚͞ͳ͗චགྷͲ͍Θ͑ɽ43̔ɻ αϝἁωτỻổ͹ϓỻổχώỿέϝổτỻϱή• ‫ۦ‬ೲͤΖਕʓ͹஦Ͷɼ໪దͳ‫س‬๮͹‫ְ״‬Νү΋͞ͳ• ίΠ఑‫ͳڛ‬αϝϣωτΡʖ͹कରద͵‫ؖ‬༫Ͷ‫ͤؖ‬Ζַ৿ద͵ϠυϩͶɼܱࡱͳ‫ݳ‬৖Ͳ͹‫ٺٻ‬ଲԢंΝࢂՅͦ͠Ζ͞ͳ• ՊଔΏາਲ਼ंΝࢩԋͤΖ͞ͳ

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52ɿ֋࢟࣎͹६ඍαϝϣωτΡʖ΃͹ཀྵմΝ਄Όɼࢩԋద͵‫ڧ؂‬͹൅ఴΝଇͤࣙࡶ͵ʹ͹৽॑͵ଲԢ͗‫ٽ‬ΌΔΗΖ໲ୌͶଲॴͤΖͪΌ͹६ඍ੓ͺɼαϝϣωτΡʖͶΓͮͱҡ͵ΖɽαϝϣωτΡʖͶ͕͜ΖऀճదɼชԿద‫ڧ؂‬Ώऀճద෫ౖͺɼଡ͖Ηঙ͵͖Ηࣙࡶ༩๹ͶଲͤΖ੷‫ۅ‬੓ΝঁௗͤΖͫΘ͑ɽॵΌͶɼαϝϣωτΡʖΝ਄͚எΕɼࣙࡶଲࡨ͹ͪΌ͹ࢩԋద͵αϝϣωΡʖ‫ڧ؂‬Νଇͤ͞ͳ͗ඉ৙Ͷ॑གྷͳ͵Ζɽྭʁv ࣙࡶͶ‫ͤؖ‬Ζ৶೨ɼқ‫ݡ‬ɼଌ͓๏ɼࢡ੐ɼ‫״‬৚Ν௒ࠬͤΖɽΉͪࣙࡶंɼࣙࡶາਲ਼ंɼͨ͹ՊଔͶ‫ͤؖ‬Ζ͞ͳ΍௒΄Ζv ࣙࡶͶ‫ͤؖ‬Ζभ‫گ‬దɼชԿద໲ୌΝ௒ࠬͤΖv ࣙࡶͲ๤͚͵ͮͪਕ͹ດ૶Ώɼ૗͹‫ؔغ‬͹ࣰସΝ௒ࠬͤΖv ݊߃Ώฯ݊ҫྏͶ‫ͤؖ‬Ζ‫ݔ‬೨Ν௒ࠬͤΖv αϝϣωτΡʖͶ͕͜Ζऀճ‫ࡃܨ‬ద͵য়‫ڱ‬Ν௒ࠬͤΖv ऀճదɼชԿదɼ੕࣑దɼ຿ଔదɼ‫ࡃܨ‬ద͵ଲཱི‫ܐؖ‬Ν௒ࠬͤΖv ঘ‫و‬ໝ͹ήϩʖϕͲࣙࡶͶ‫ͤؖ‬Ζ࿫͢߻͏Ν࢟ΌΖʤঃ੓ήϩʖϕɼ஋੓ήϩʖϕɼऑं͍Ζ͏ͺ߶ྺंήϩʖϕ౵ʥv ࣙࡶΏࣙࡶଲࡨɼΉͪʹ͞Ͷঁ͜Ν‫ٽ‬ΌΖ΄͖͘Ͷ‫ͤؖ‬ΖஎࣟΝ޴৏ͦ͠ΖͪΌ͹৚ๅ఑‫ڛ‬Νߨ͑v ࣙࡶͶ‫ͤؖ‬Ζ‫ܔ‬൅‫׈‬ಊΝߨ͑ʤϟυΡΠΫϡϱϘʖϱɼ࿑৏ޮԍɼ؅൚ɼϛηνʖɼνΤϱϙʖϩϝʖτΡϱή౵ͶΓͮͱʥv ࣙࡶͶ‫ͳͪͮ͞ࢧͱؖ͢‬ΝͪΌΔΚͥͶ൅‫͚ͱ͢ݶ‬ΗΖΓ͑͵୊ҲਕंΝ࣍ͯv ϟυΡΠΝ٠࿨͹৖ͶࢂՅͦ͠Ζv ‫ͳंܐؖ‬࿊ཙΝखΕɼଲ࿫͹ͪΌ͹৖Ν͚ͯΖv ϏʖφψʖερϕΝ஛͚ࢩԋద͵αϝϣωτΡʖ‫ڧ؂‬ΝଇͤͪΌͶɼࣙ෾͹αϝϣωτΡʖͶ͕͏ͱखΕૌ΋͞ͳ͗Ն೵
͵‫׈‬ಊΝॽ͘ड़ͤɽ
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53̏̏ɻ֋࢟࣎͹६ඍ෉࿧̏ʁαϝϣωτΡʖ͗कରదͶ‫ؖ‬༫ͤΖͪΌ͹घӀ͘ͳςʖϩॄ͹ͪΌ͹ςʖϩ कରద‫ؖ‬༫͹‫و‬ໝɼਕ޳ɼγʖϑηΏཤ༽Ն೵͵৚ๅΝߡྂͤΖߡࡱ಼༲ʁஏཀྵద͵৖ॶɼ‫و‬ໝɼਕ޳ɼࣙࡶϨηέ͹߶͠ɼ຿ଔ੓ɼऀճ‫ࡃܨ‬దॄ஄ɼ઎े຿ଔɼช
Կదॄ஄ɼभ‫گ‬஄ରɼೋ຿ɼ೧ྺॄ஄ɼΠϩαʖϩΏ෼࣯ཛྷ༽͹Ϗνʖϱɼγʖϑηɼࣙࡶ͹ࣆྭࣙࡶଲࡨͶ͕͏ͱ‫ؖ‬༫ͪ͢͏ॄ஄Ν‫ͤى‬ɽ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

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ΝࢂলʥαϝϣωτΡʖͲҲ൬࢘ΚΗͱ͢Ή͑ࣙࡶघஊͺՁ͖ʃ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Πέιη͢Ώͤ͏࣯͹ྒྷ͏ฯ݊Ήͪͺฯ݊ҫྏ͹γʖϑη͗αϝϣωτΡʖͶͺ͍Ζ͖ʃϖϩηϭʖΩʖʤ઒໵దɼඉ઒໵దʥͺࣙࡶଲࡨͶͯ͏ͱ͹‫ݜ‬रΝण͜ͱ͏Ζ͖ʃΰʖφΫʖϏʖ͹‫ݜ‬रͺ͍Ζ͖ʃʤܱࡱɼভ๹࢞ɼ‫گ‬ҽͶଲ͢ͱ౵ʥ
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ࣙࡶາਲ਼ंΏࣙࢰҪଔͶଲͤΖ࣯͹ྒྷ͏γʖϑηͳͺՁ͖ʃ͑ͪ͢͞γʖϑηͶਕʓ͗ʹ͹ఖౕΠέιηͲ͘ΖͫΘ͖͑ʃ‫͠ࢬࣰࡑݳ‬Ηͱ͏ΖϕϫήϧϞͺ͍Ζ͖ʃ͍Ζ৖߻ͺɼγʖϑη఑‫ंڛ‬ͺ‫ݜ‬रΝण͜ͱ͏Ζ͖ʃ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________54

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

͍͵ͪ͹αϝϣωτΡʖ͹ࣙࡶଲࡨ͹ͪΌ͹ࣁ‫ݱ‬Ν‫ͤى‬ɽ‫׈‬ಊΝ๨͝ΖགྷҾͳ͵Ζ΍͹ɼਬ਒ͤΖགྷҾͳ͵Ζ΍͹ͺՁ͖ɽ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

͍͵ͪ͹αϝϣωτΡʖͶ͕͏ͱɼࣙࡶଲࡨͶ࠹΍‫ٺ‬ΝགྷͤΖωʖθͳͺՁͫͳࢧ͖͑ɽ
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

55

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ҐԾ͹ɼ‫ڂݜ‬ʤඉޮࣞ͹࿫͢߻͏ɼಣΊ෼౵ʥͶԢͣͪαϝϣωτΡʖ͹ϪυΡϋηʤࣙࡶଲࡨͶ޴ͪ͜६ඍ੓ʥ͹࣢Ͷ఼਼Νͯ͜Ζɽ࣢఼਼ʤ఼̓ຮ఼ʥ

αϝϣωτΡʖ͹ϪυΡϋηͳαϝϣωτΡʖ͹எࣟ͹ఖౕϨʖξʖερϕαϝϣωτΡʖ͹ऀճద෫ౖ
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ࣙࡶଲࡨΝѽ͑͞ͳͶଲͤΖɼαϝϣωτΡʖ͹ࢡ੐ͺʹ͖͑ɽʽ໲ୌͶଲͤΖαϝϣωτΡʖ͹எࣟʾαϝϣωτΡʖͺࣙࡶଲࡨͶ‫ͱؖ͢‬ɼʹ͹ఖౕஎ͍ࣟ͗Ζ͖ɽʽࣁ‫ݱ‬ʾ
ʹ͹Γ͑͵ࣁ‫͗ݱ‬ཤ༽͠Ηͱ͏Ζ͖ʤਕదࣁ‫ݱ‬ɼࡔ੕దࣁ‫ݱ‬ɼ΢ϱϓϧηφϧέοϡʖ౵ʥɼʹ͹Γ͑͵ࣁ‫ࡶࣙ͗ݱ‬ଲࡨͶཤ༽Ͳ͘Ζ͖ɽ

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58࿊ཙ઎৆ࡋ࿊ཙࡃΊ͖ʙศ౶ͺʃༀׄʙ੻೜͍͵ͪ͗ࣙ෾͹αϝϣωτΡʖͲࣙࡶଲࡨΝ࢟Όͪ͏ͳࢧͮͪཀྵ༟Νॽ͚ɽ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
૱߻ద໪ඬ͹ઈ໎ΝͤΖɽ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

ࣙࡶଲࡨ‫׈‬ಊͶΓΕαϝϣωτΡʖ͹ཤӻͳ͵ΕಚΖ΍͹Νॽ͘ड़ͤɽ
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αϝϣωτΡʖ͗कରదͶ‫ؖ‬༫ͤΖ͞ͳͲ༩଎Ͳ͘Ζɼௗ‫غ‬ద͵ްՎΝॽ͚ɽ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

59̏ɻ֋࢟࣎͹६ඍӣӨҗҽճʁαϝϣωτΡʖ͗कରదͶ‫ؖ‬ΚΖཀྵ༟ɼ૱߻ద໪ඬɼཤӻͳ͵ΕಚΖ΍͹ɼ༩଎Ͳ͘Ζௗ‫ްغ‬ՎࣙࡶͶଲͤΖ࠹΍॑གྷ͵‫ݧث‬Ҿࢢਦ$ͺࣙࡶͶଲͤΖक͵‫ݧث‬Ҿࢢͳɼ‫͘Ͳ༽׈‬Ζղ೘ΝΉͳΌͪ΍͹Ͳ͍Ζɽ͞ΗͺαϝϣωτΡʖͲ࠹΍‫ؖ‬࿊੓͹͍Ζ‫ݧث‬ҾࢢΝɼྭΝ௧Յ͢͵͗ΔพࢶͶॽ͘ड़ͤԍसͶ‫ͤ༽׈‬Ζ͞ͳ͗Ͳ͘Ζɽ
ਦ$. ࣙࡶ͹࠹΍॑གྷ͵‫ݧث‬Ҿࢢͳ‫ؖ‬࿊ͤΖղ೘ฯ݊ҫྏεητϞ

ฯ݊ҫྏ΃͹Πέιη͹
๨͝ͳ͵Ζ΍͹
घஊ΃͹Πέιη

ऀճ෈న઀͵ϟυΡΠๅಕ੠ਈฯ݊੕ࡨ

ঁ͜Ν‫ٽ‬ΌΖߨಊͶ‫ͤؖ‬Ζย‫ݡ‬Πϩαʖϩཛྷ༽Ν‫ݰ‬ΔͤͪΌ͹੕ࡨࡄ֒ɼક૬ɼจ૬

αϝϣωτΡʖฯ݊ҫྏ΃͹Πέιη

ҡชԿંৰͶΓΖชԿร༲͹ηφϪηɼ‫ڋ‬৖ॶ͹‫ک‬੐ รಊͶΓΖηφϪη

ॄ஄સରͶघஊ΃͹Πέιη͹੏‫ ݸ‬ଲͤΖ

ಉ͖͘͜

ࠫพ

੻೜͍ΖϟυΡΠๅಕφϧΤϜΏٰଶ

੠ਈฯ݊ɼ෼࣯࢘༽
্֒ɼࣙࡶͶͯ͏ͱ͹‫ܔ‬൅‫෈ͳ״ཱིݿ‬ॉ෾͵ऀճదࢩԋबҕͳ͹‫ܐؖ‬ਕؔ‫ܐؖ‬͹֮ࣧɼबҕͳ͹෈࿪ɼ‫ܐؖ‬੓͹૗ࣨࣙࡶϨηέ͹߶͏ॄ஄΃͹ղ೘գ‫ڊ‬͹ࣙࡶາਲ਼

ΰʖφΫʖϏʖ‫ݜ‬र੠ਈ্֒ు࿫૮஌γʖϑηʤ͏͹ͬ͹ు࿫͵ʹʥΠϩαʖϩ͹ཛྷ༽ϓΧϫʖΠρϕͳαϝϣωτΡʖͶΓΖࢩԋࣨ‫ۂ‬Ώ‫ࡃܨ‬దଝࣨࣙࡶ‫ؖ‬࿊ߨಊ͹ҫָద
඲Ճͳ؇ཀྵ

‫ݺ‬ਕ
ઊ๮‫״‬

ʤસରదʥ

Ϩηέ͹
߶͏ॄ஄Ͷ
ଲͤΖ
ಉ͖͘͜
ʤમ୔దʥ

‫ݺ‬ਕͶ
ଲͤΖ
ಉ͖͘͜
ʤ‫ݺ‬ਕదʥ

੠ਈ্֒ͳ෼࣯࢘༽্֒
͹ҫָద඲Ճͳ؇ཀྵ

ອ੓仑௩ࣙࡶ͹Պଔྼ
ҪఽָదҾࢢΏਫ਼෼ָదҾࢢ

ड़ఱʁWƌĞǀĞŶƚŝŶŐƐƵŝĐŝĚĞ͗ĂŐůŽďĂůŝŵƉĞƌĂƚŝǀĞ͘'ĞŶĞǀĂ͗tŽƌůĚ,ĞĂůƚŚKƌŐĂŶŝǌĂƚŝŽŶ͖ϮϬϭϰ͗ϯϭ͘

60ࣙࡶͶଲͤΖฯ‫ޤ‬ҾࢢͶͺҐԾ͹Γ͑͵΍͹͍͗Ζ• ‫͵ྙک‬ਕؔ‫ܐؖ‬• भ‫گ‬దΉͪͺ੠ਈదʤৼྸʥ৶೨• ೖ৙Ͷ͕͜Ζ઴޴͘͵ଲॴ๏๑͹ࣰભʤ໲ୌմ݀ηΫϩΏηφϪη؇ཀྵηΫϩΝ‫؜‬΋ʥͳਕʓ͹߀ෳ

ड़ఱʁ3UHYHQWLQJVXLFLGHDJOREDOLPSHUDWLYH*HQHYD:RUOG+HDOWK2UJDQL]DWLRQਦ̐ͺࣙࡶͶଲͤΖࢩԋ͹࿰ૌΊ͹ߑ੔Ͳ͍Ζɽਦ̐ɻࢩԋ͹࿰ૌΊΝߑ஛ͤΖ

出典：ZĞƐŝůŝĞŶƚDŝŶĚƐʹƵŝůĚŝŶŐƚŚĞWƐǇĐŚŽůŽŐŝĐĂů^ƚƌĞŶŐƚŚŽĨ&ŝƌĞ&ŝŐŚƚĞƌƐƉƌŽŐƌĂŵ͘ĂŶĂĚŝĂŶDĞŶƚĂů,ĞĂůƚŚƐƐŽĐŝĂƚŝŽŶ͕sĂŶĐŽƵǀĞƌͲ&ƌĂƐĞƌƌĂŶĐŚ͘61̏ɻ֋࢟࣎͹६ඍࣙࡶͶଲͤΖฯ‫ޤ‬Ҿࢢࣙࡶ͹௅ޫࣙࡶ͹௅ޫΝࣖͤγ΢ϱͺ௜ંࣟพͲ͘Ζ΍͹Ͳ͍Εɼࣙࡶ͹‫ؽث‬͹ଚࡑΝࣖͤ͘ΚΌͱਟଐ͖ͯద֮͵
ܱৌͲ͍Ζ৖߻͗ଡ͏ 9DQ2UGHQ ɽࣙࡶ͹௅ޫͺ൅‫ݶ‬ɼߨಊɼ‫ڧ؂‬εήψϩͶΓͮͱනड़͠ΗΖͪ
Ό 5H]DLH ɼ͑ͪ͢͞γ΢ϱͶ‫͚෉͗ـ‬Ͷͺɼ͍Ζఖౕक؏ద͵ҫָ඲Ճ͗චགྷͳ͵ΖɽҐԾ͹ɼΓ͚எΔΗͪ‫ݧث‬Νࣖͤ௅ޫͶΓΕɼ͑ͪ͢͞য়‫ڱ‬Ͷ‫͚ͪ෉ـ‬Ό͹ϐϱφͶ͵Ζɽ• ࠕͶ΍ࣙࡶͨ͑͢͵য়ସ• ؔંద͵න‫ݳ‬ɼྭ͓ͻʰࢴ͗͏͵͚͵ͮͱ΍୯΍൷͢Ή͵͏ʱ͵ʹͳ‫͑ݶ‬ɼΉͪ౺ୣ఼ͳ͢ͱࢰͶ‫ͤٶݶ‬Ζ• ࣙࡶ͹๏๑Ν୵ͤʤ৥ࡐɼ॒‫ح‬ɼ೸༂౵ʥ• ࣙࡶΝ໲ୌմ݀घஊͳΊ͵ͤ• ୉઀͵ॶ࣍඾Νघ๎ͤ• ਎͢͏༓ਕΏՊଔͶพΗ͹‫ݶ‬ཁΝ‫͑ݶ‬ࣙࡶ͹௅ޫ΃͹ଲԢ• ࣙࡶ͹‫ݧث‬੓͗߶͏ਕΝ‫ͪͯ͜ݡ‬ΔɼͪͫͬͶঁ͜Ν‫ٽ‬ΌΖ͞ͳʤ‫ٺە‬ξ΢ϢϩΏɼ੠ਈฯ݊͹઒໵Պɼࣙࡶϙρφϧ΢ϱ΃ు࿫ͤΖ౵ʥɽΉͪన઀͵Δͻɼͨ͹ਕΝ‫ٺٻ‬ιϱνʖΏබӅ΃࿊Ηͱߨͮͱ΍ྒྷ͏ͫΘ͑• ઊଲͶͨ͹ਕΝಢΕͶͦ͠͵͏• ࣙࡶͶͯ͵͗ΖΓ͑͵घஊΝસͱഋঈͤΖ• ͨ͹ਕ͗ΠϩαʖϩΏ༂෼͹Ӫ‫ڻ‬Νण͜ͱ͏Ζ͖ʹ͖͑ɼΉͪգ৔͵ෲ༂Ν͢ͱ͏Ζ͖ʹ͖͑Ν୵ͮͱΊΖ• ི௜ͶଲԢͤΖɽࣙࡶͶͯ͏ͱΨʖϕϱͶ୸ʓͳ࿫ΝͤΖɽͨ͹ਕ͗ࣙࢰ೨ྂΝ࣍ͮͱ͏Ζ͖ਚ͸ΖɽࢰͶͪ͏ͳߡ͓ͱ͏Ζ͖໲͏͖͜Ζ͞ͳͺɼࣙࡶ‫ة‬ਦ͹‫ݬ‬Ҿͳͺ͵Δ͵͏ͫΘ͑• ઒໵Պɼ‫܉‬࿇Ν੷Ξͫਕɼͨ͹ਕͳͳͱ΍਎͢͏ਕʓͶঁ͜Ν‫ٽ‬ΌΖ• ࣙࡶ͹‫ڶ‬ҘΝܲࢻ͢ͱͺ͵Δ͵͏ɽʰͨΞ͵Ͷѳ͚͵͏ʱʰͤ͛ྒྷ͚͵Ζʱʰ͖ͮ͢Ε͢Θʱ͵ʹ͹‫ݶ‬ཁΝ͖͜ͱͺ͏͜͵͏• ൹൓దͶ͵ͮͱͺ͏͜͵͏• ੷‫ۅ‬దͶ‫ؖ‬ΚΕɼճ࿫͹ΏΕखΕΝߨ͑͞ͳ

出典：sĂŶKƌĚĞŶ<͕:ŽŝŶĞƌd:ƌ͕,ŽůůĂƌ͕ZƵĚĚD͕DĂŶĚƌƵƐŝĂŬD͕^ŝůǀĞƌŵĂŶDD͘ƚĞƐƚŽĨƚŚĞĞĨĨĞĐƚŝǀĞŶĞƐƐŽĨĂůŝƐƚŽĨǁĂƌŶŝŶŐƐŝŐŶƐĨŽƌƚŚĞƉƵďůŝĐ͘^ƵŝĐŝĚĞĂŶĚ>ŝĨĞͲdŚƌĞĂƚĞŶŝŶŐĞŚĂǀŝŽƌ͘ϮϬϬϲ͖ϯϲ;ϯͿ͗ϮϳϮͲϴϳ͘ZĞǌĂŝĞ>͕<ŚĂǌĂŝĞ,͕^ŽůĞŝŵĂŶŝ͕^ĐŚǁĞďĞů͘^ĞůĨͲŝŵŵŽůĂƚŝŽŶĂƉƌĞĚŝĐƚĂďůĞŵĞƚŚŽĚŽĨƐƵŝĐŝĚĞ͗ĂĐŽŵƉĂƌŝƐŽŶƐƚƵĚǇŽĨǁĂƌŶŝŶŐƐŝŐŶƐĨŽƌƐƵŝĐŝĚĞďǇƐĞůĨͲŝŵŵŽůĂƚŝŽŶĂŶĚďǇƐĞůĨͲƉŽŝƐŽŶŝŶŐ͘ƵƌŶƐ͘ϮϬϭϭ͖ϯϳ;ϴͿ͗ϭϰϭϵͲϮϲ͘62‫ंܐؖ‬͹ྭʁ੕࣑Պɼ٠ҽɼฯ݊ҫྏ఑‫ंڛ‬ɼαϝϣωτΡʖ஄ରʀभ‫گ‬஄ରɼՊଔΏ༓ਕɼಋ྇ΝࣙࡶͲࣨͮͪ
αϝϣωτΡʖ͹ߑ੔ҽɼࣙউΏࣙࡶ͹ࣰର‫ݩ‬Νͪ͢ਕɼαϝϣωτΡʖࢨ಍ंɼαϝϣωτΡʖυΡϗϫϕϟϱφϭʖΩʖɼλʖεϡϩϭʖΩʖɼ‫گ‬ҽΏͨ͹ଠ͹ָߏ৮ҽɼఽ౹ద͵‫ك‬౴࣑ྏࢥɼ
αϝϣωτΡʖ͹ௗ࿟ɼ‫܋‬ਕɼܱࡱɼভ๹࢞ɼͨΗҐ֐͹‫ݳ‬৖Ͳ‫ٺٻ‬ଲԢΝߨ͑ਕɼηϛʖς஄ରɼऑ͏࿓ಉंɼ߶ྺंͳ‫ڠ‬Ͷಉ͚ਕɼஏҮ͹੠ਈฯ݊ࢩԋ‫ؖؽ‬Ώ࣌વ஄ରɼαϝϣωτΡʖ͹ෳཤ޴৏Ͷ‫ؖ‬ΚΖ‫ؖؽ‬ɼϚϧϱτΡΠήϩʖϕɼࣰ‫ۂ‬ֆ͹Ϩʖξʖୣ

‫ंܐؖ‬

ઈ໎

ࣁ‫ݱ‬ʙηΫϩ
αϝϣωτΡʖ ϋρφϭʖέɼ ࣙࡶଲࡨͳ͹࿊ཙ઎৆ࡋଠ͹஄ରΏ‫ؖ ܐؖ‬ΚΕɼൕ‫״‬͹઒໵எࣟʙओΊ Ͳ͹ༀׄंͳ͹‫ؖ‬ΚΕཀྵ༟ɼकରద‫ؖ‬༫͹ཀྵ༟63̏ɻ֋࢟࣎͹६ඍ ‫ंܐؖ‬͹ϜρϒϱήʀΦέγγ΢θ

ॵյ͹ճ߻΃͹कରద͵‫ؖ‬༫͹๏๑ΝમఈͤΖ
ࣙࡶଲࡨͶଲͤΖ͍͵ͪ͹αϝϣωτΡʖ͹ࢡ੐Νॽ͚ɽ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

͍͵ͪ͹αϝϣωτΡʖͳ࿊ཙΝखΖࡏͶְ͓ͱ͕͚΄॑͘གྷ͵ชԿద৶೨ɼभ‫گ‬ద৶‫ھ‬ɼऀճదʀ
‫ࡃܨ‬దয়‫ڱ‬ɼҲൢద͵৚ๅఽୣघஊΝ‫ͤى‬ɽ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

αϝϣωτΡʖͶकରదͶ‫ؖ‬ΚΖࡏͶɼʹ͹Γ͑͵ࠖೋͶ௜໚͢ಚΖͫΘ͖͑ɽྭʁΠχϚΩεʖ͹‫͗ݩܨ‬છ͏ɼࣙࡶΏࣙࡶଲࡨͶ‫ؖ‬࿊ͤΖย‫ݡ‬Ώνϔʖ͗ଚࡑͤΖɼࣙࡶ͹ࣆྭ͍Ζ͏ͺ৿ͪͶً͞Ε͍ͯͯΖͶ‫܊‬൅ࣙࡶͯ͏ͱ͹ਜ਼֮͵৚ๅ͗ܿ͜ͱ͏Ζɼ࣎ؔ͵ʹ͹ࣁ‫͗ݱ‬ଏΕͱ͏͵͏ɼ൹൓Ώย‫͢͵ݡ‬ͶࣙࡶͶͯ͏ͱ‫ޢ‬ΖαϝϣωίʖεϥϱηΫϩ͗෈ଏ͢ͱ͏Ζɼ઒໵దқ‫ݡ‬ɼࣁۜ͗ଏΕͱ͏͵͏ɼࢤ຿஄ରΏޮ‫ڠ‬஄ରͳ͹қࢧ͹ఽୣ͗෵ࡸͲ͵͖͵͖਒Ή͵͏ɼฯ݊ҫྏγʖϑηΏαϝϣωτΡʖͶ޴ͪ͜γʖϑηͶ෈ຮ͍͗Ζɼ‫ंܐؖ‬͹஦Ͷɼқࢧ݀ఈϕϫιηΝࢧ͏௪ΕͶಊ͖͢ɼ‫׈‬ಊͶӪ‫ڻ‬Ν༫͓ͪ͏ͳ
͏͑ઞࡑద͵‫ৼؖ‬Ν࣍ͯਕ͗͏Ζ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

ॵյ͹ճ߻઴Ͷ‫ܔ‬൅΢ϗϱφΝ‫ة‬ժͤΖචགྷ͍͗Ζ͖ʤϪυΡϋηϠυϩʀΠιηϟϱφ͹݃ՎͶ‫͘Ͱخ‬൓
இͤΖ౵ʥɽ΍͍͢Ζ͵Δɼʹ͹Γ͑͵΢ϗϱφΝࢧ͏ූ͖΄Ζ͖ɽྭʁԲ֐߁ࠄϛηνʖΏτϪϑʀϧζΨ͵ʹ͹λʖεϡϩϟυΡΠΫϡϱϘʖϱɼఽ౹దϟυΡΠΫϡϱϘʖϱɼৼͶ‫͚ڻ‬Γ͑͵ηϒʖοɼ‫ݜ‬रճɼ࿑৏ޮԍɼ࿑৏ܸɼεϱϛζΤϞ

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

64‫ؖ‬༫๏๑͹ྭʁϧΤϱχτʖϔϩʤԃ୐ճ٠ʥɼϭʖέεϥρϕɼଲ࿫‫ॄܗ‬ճʤνΤϱϙʖϩϝʖτΡϱήʥɼޮ֋౾࿨ճ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

ճ߻Ͷͯ͏ͱɼʹ͹Γ͑Ͷޮ़ͶࠄஎͤΖ͖ɽαϝϣωτΡʖ͹஦Ͳʹ͹Γ͑Ͷ߁Όͱ͏͚͖ɽ

ྭʁ߁ࠄɼϛηνʖɼుࢢϟʖϩɼ༥ૻͶΓΖޮࣞডଶয়ɼϧζΨ߁ࠄ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

65̏ɻ֋࢟࣎͹६ඍॵյ͹ճ߻Ͳ༽͏Ζकରద͵‫ؖ‬༫͹๏๑ͺʹ͹Γ͑͵΍͹͖ɽॵյ͹ճ߻Ν‫ة‬ժʀ‫ܯ‬ժͤΖʤ෉࿧͹ˎқ‫׷ިݡ‬ճ͹ࣆྭ͖Δɼ‫ݗ‬౾ͤΖͪΌ͹॑གྷ͵ߴ໪͹ྭΝࢂলͤΖʥΏΖ΄͘͞ͳ

਒ṁডଶয়͹൅ૻ

ճ৖͹༩༁৆ࡋ͵Ծ६ඍ
ʤϕϫζΥένʖɼҞࢢɼϨʖϓϪρφ౵ʥ‫ڢ‬٠ࣆߴ

Ψʖϕωϱή‫ة‬ժʤΰηφͶΓΖߪԍɼ਒ߨༀ౵ʥ

ถճ‫ة‬ժ

ΠΤφϨʖο‫ة‬ժϟυΡΠͳ͹ͯ͵͗ΕɼζϡʖψϨηφ͹ডଶ౵ճ߻Ͷ͕͜Ζ਒ߨༀ͹ༀׄ‫ى‬࿧‫ܐ‬ʙॽ‫ى‬͹ༀׄ

66

ྭʁ ʤ෉࿧͹ˎқ‫׷ިݡ‬ճ͹ࣆྭ͖ΔྭΝࢂলͤΖʥ‫ܶ׽‬͹͞ͳͻͳ֋࢟͹ѭࡲ͵ͧຌೖαϝϣωτΡʖ͹ߑ੔ҽͶॄΉͮͱ΍Δ͖ͮͪ• ͵ͧ͞͞Ͷ͏Ζ͹͖• αϝϣωτΡʖͶ͕͜Ζࣙࡶ໲ୌͶͯ͏ͱ͹ήϩʖϕυΡηΩρεϥϱ ৚ๅ‫༙ڠ‬ɽ֦ਕʙ֦ήϩʖϕʙ֦ૌ৭͗ࣙࡶଲࡨͶ͕͏ͱ‫ع‬ͶՁΝߨͮͱ͏Ζ͖ɼΉͪήϩʖϕ͹໪ඬΝୣ੔ͤΖ৏Ͳɼʹ͑घঁͪ͜͢͏͖ɽ ϜρϒϱήʀΦέγγ΢θʤহࢂলʥɽճ߻͹ࢂՅंͪͬͺɼαϝϣωτΡʖ͹͠Ή͡Ή͵ஏ఼Ͳًͪࣙ͘ࡶ͹Ӫ‫ڻ‬ΝɼҲॻͶϜρϒϱή͢ͱ͏͚ɽΉͪࣙࡶ͹Ϩηέ͗߶͏ਕΝঁ͜ΖͪΌ͹ࣁ‫ݱ‬Ώγʖϑηͳ͵ΕಚΖ΍͹΍໎֮ͶͤΖɽ ӣӨҗҽճ͹Ҳҽͳ͢ͱճ߻ͶࢂՅ͢କ͜Ζ͹ͺ୯ͶͤΖ͖ɼΉͪʹ͹͚Δ͏ළൡͶճ߻Νߨ͖͑Ν݀ΌΖɽ࿊ཙ઎͹৆ࡋΝॽ͚ɽͨΗͶͺӣӨҗҽճͶࢂՅ͢ͱ͏͵͏͗ɼগཔదͶ‫ؖ‬ΚΕͨ͑͵ਕ΍‫؜‬ΌΖɽ ถճ͹͞ͳͻड़ఱʁ^ƵŝĐŝĚĞWƌĞǀĞŶƚŝŽŶƵƐƚƌĂůŝĂ͘ŽŵŵƵŶŝƚŝĞƐŵĂƚƚĞƌ͗ĂƚŽŽůŬŝƚĨŽƌĐŽŵŵƵŶŝƚǇĚƌŝǀĞŶƐƵŝĐŝĚĞƉƌĞǀĞŶƚŝŽŶ;ĂƌĞƐŽƵƌĐĞĨŽƌƐŵĂůůƚŽǁŶƐͿsĞƌƐŝŽŶϭ͘'ůĂĚĞƐǀŝůůĞ͗EĞǁ^ŽƵƚŚtĂůĞƐDĞŶƚĂů,ĞĂůƚŚŽŵŵŝƐƐŝŽŶ͖ϮϬϭϰ;ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬĐŽŵŵƵŶŝƚŝĞƐŵĂƚƚĞƌ͘ƐƵŝĐŝĚĞƉƌĞǀĞŶƚŝŽŶĂƵƐƚ͘ŽƌŐ͕೧݆ೖΠέιη ͍͵ͪ͹αϝϣωτΡʖͲ͹‫ڢ‬٠಼༲Νॽ͚ɽ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

67̏ɻ֋࢟࣎͹६ඍ٠ࣆೖఖΝࡠ੔ͤΖ

਒ߨༀ͗ߡྂͤΖ΄࣯͘໲ ‫ݺ‬ਕͶଲ͢ͱ΍αϝϣωτΡʖͶଲ͢ͱ΍ɼࣙࡶΏ੠ਈద‫ۦ‬ೲͶͯ͏ͱΉΚΖย‫ݡ‬Ͷཱིͬ޴͖͑࠹΍ྒྷ͏๏๑ͺՁ͖ɽ• ࣙࡶͶ‫ؖ‬࿊ͤΖย‫ݡ‬ΝखΕঈ͚ͪΌ͹Π΢υΠͺ͍Ζ͖ɽ• ࠹΍๮΋͞ͳͺՁ͖ɽ ʹ͑ͤΗͻࣙ෾ͪͬ͹ஏҮ͹ਕʓͺࣙࡶଲࡨΏ੠ਈద‫ۦ‬ೲΝ٠࿨ͤΖ͞ͳΝչ͚ࢧͮͱ͚ΗΖ͖ɼ҈સ͵๏๑Ͳͨ͑ͤΖͶͺʹ͑ͤΗͻΓ͏͖ɽ• ࣙࡶͶ‫ޢͱؖ͢‬Ε߻͑ࡏͶ࠹΍‫ڬ‬ΗΖ΍͹ͺՁ͖ʤՊͲɼ৮৖ͲɼϪέϨΦʖεϥϱ‫׈‬ಊ͹ؔͶʥɽ• ΍ͮͳչ͚࿫ΝͤΖͪΌͶචགྷ͵΍͹ͺՁ͖ɽ ੠ਈฯ݊ͳࣙࡶଲࡨΝਬ਒ͤΖͪΌͶཤ༽Ͳ͘Ζࣁ‫ݱ‬ͺໃ਼Ͷ͍Ζɽ
͑ͪ͢͞ςʖϩΝචགྷ͵ਕʓͶ಩͜ΖͶͺʹ͑ͪ͢ΔΓ͏͖ɽ• ໎ೖͶͲ΍Ͳ͘Ζ͞ͳͺՁͫΘ͖͑ɽ68ॵյ͹ճ߻͹ࠄஎͺɼྭ͓ͻుࢢϟʖϩΏ‫ރ‬พ๜໲Ͳɼ઄ΕࠒΊοϧεΏ֙ಆഓාΝ௪͢ͱɼϪηφϧϱΏ
ฯ݊ҫྏ‫ؖؽ‬Ͷ͕͏ͱߨ͑͞ͳ͗Ͳ͘ΖɽྭʁࣙࡶଲࡨͶ‫ͤؖ‬ΖαϝϣωτΡʖճ߻ʤࢱ໌ʥͺαϝϣωτΡʖͶ͕͜Ζࣙࡶଲࡨ͹࿫͢߻͏Νߨ͑ͪΌͶɼ‫ৼؖ‬͹͍Ζࢤ຿Ͷ޴ͪ͜αϝϣωτΡʖқ‫׷ިݡ‬ճΝक࠷͢Ήͤɽ͞ΗͺஏҮ͹઒໵Պɼฯ݊ҫྏ఑‫ंڛ‬ɼܱࡱɼ‫ࢥگ‬ɼλʖεϡϩϭʖΩʖɼγʖϑη఑‫ंڛ‬ɼࣙࢰҪଔɼࣙࡶ͹ࣰର‫ݩ‬Νͪ͢ਕɼभ‫ࢨگ‬಍ंΏभ‫گ‬஄ରɼ‫܋‬ୄେනंɼαϝϣωτΡʖΏࣰ‫ۂ‬ֆ͹Ϩʖξʖୣ͖Δ࿫Νซ͘ɼकରదͶ‫ؖ‬༫ͤΖ‫ؽ‬ճͳ͵ΖͲ͢Β͑ɽ͞͹αϝϣωτΡʖճ߻ͺɼࣙࡶଲࡨͶ‫ͤؖ‬Ζ༙ӻ͵ఴ๮ͳΠ΢υΠΝॄΌΖΓ͑қਦ͠Ηͪ΍͹Ͳͤɽ໪ඬͺɼ࠹΍ྒྷ͏Π΢υΠΝ‫༙͢ڠ‬ɼࢴͪͬ͹αϝϣωτΡʖͶଲ͢ͱ࣍କద͵մ݀ࡨΝਫ਼Ίड़ͤͪΌͶ‫ྙڢ‬
ͤΖ͞ͳͲͤɽ
ͨ͹Π΢υΠͳͺɼ‫͍ৼؖ‬ΖαϝϣωτΡʖ͹ߑ੔ҽΏɼ‫ڢ‬ճɼ‫͗ंܐؖ‬ҲಌͶճ͢ɼࢴͪͬ͹αϝϣω
τΡʖͲͺࣙࡶଲࡨͶ͕͏ͱՁ͗͑Ή͚‫ؽ‬೵͢ɼʹ͞Ͷ֪ࠫ͗ड़ͱ͏Ζ͖ɼͽͳΕͽͳΕͶͲ͘Ζ͞ͳͺՁ͖Ν‫༙ͤڠ‬ΖͪΌ͹΍͹Ͳͤɽߨಊήϩʖϕͺ࿫͢߻͏Ͷ‫͘Ͱخ‬ɼ͠Δ͵Ζߨಊ‫ܯ‬ժΝࡠͮͱ͏͘Ήͤɽ
ೖఖʁ
࣎ؔʁ
৖ॶʁ

ࠄஎ಼༲Νॽ͚ɽ
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

69̏ɻ֋࢟࣎͹६ඍ ॵյ͹ճ߻Ͷ޴ͪ͜ࠄஎ̐̐ɻ ॵյճ߻Ͳ࿫͢߻͏Ν࢟ΌΖॵյճ߻Ͳ࿫͢߻͏Ν࢟ΌΖ ϜρϒϱήʀΦέγγ΢θΝߨ͑ࢨࣖʁ ֦ήϩʖϕͶ༽ࢶΉͪͺϓϨρϕοϡʖφɼͨ͢ͱϘϱΝోͤɽ ॵյ͹ճ߻͹‫ؔغ‬஦ͺɼਕʓΝޮ‫ڠ‬͹৖ॶͶॄΌɼͤ΄ͱ͹ਕͶࢂՅΝ‫ֽ͜;ݼ‬Ζɽ Φέγγ΢θ͹໪దɼࣙࡶΏࣙࡶଲࡨͶ‫ͤؖ‬ΖαϝϣωτΡʖ͹য়‫ڱ‬Ν෾ੵ͢ཀྵմͤΖͪΌͶɼ͏͖Ͷༀཱི͖ͯΝઈ໎ͤΖɽ αϝϣωτΡʖͲΓ͚༽͏ΔΗΖࣙࡶघஊͶͯ͏ͱ‫ޢ‬Ε߻͏ʤ೸༂ɼ॒‫ح‬౵ʥɼࢂՅंͶकགྷ͵ࣙࡶ͹ʰϙρφηϛρφʱʤࣙࡶͶΓ͚મͻΗΖ৖ॶʥ͹৖ॶΝ‫ͱ͢ى‬΍Δ͑ʤ‫ڰ‬౵ʥɽ ཤ༽Ն೵͵ऀճదγʖϑηɼฯ݊γʖϑηɼࣙࡶଲࡨγʖϑηΝࢂՅंͶϜρϒϱή͢ͱ΍Δ͑ʤָߏɼබӅɼ‫ٺٻ‬ιϱνʖɼླഊ৖౵ʥɽ ࢂՅं͗ಝఈͪ͢γʖϑη͹ཤ༽Ն೵੓ɼಝ௅ɼ࣯Ͷͯ͏ͱ࿫͢߻ͮͱ΍Δ͑ɽ ࣙࡶଲࡨͶ͕͜ΖஏҮϟυΡΠ͹ༀׄͶͯ͏ͱɼࢂՅंͶ࿫͢߻ͮͱ΍Δ͑ɽ αϝϣωτΡʖͶ͕͜Ζࣙࡶ͹‫ݧث‬Ҿࢢͳฯ‫ޤ‬ҾࢢΝɼࢂՅंͶ໎֮Ͷ͢ͱ΍Δ͑ɽʤহͳহ
͹‫ݧث‬Ҿࢢͳฯ‫ޤ‬Ҿࢢ͹֕གྷΝࢂলʥ αϝϣωτΡʖͶ͕͜Ζࣙࡶଲࡨ͹‫ک‬Ίͳओ఼Ν࿫͢߻͑ɽྭ͓ͻɼࣁ‫ݱ‬ɼ֪ࠫͳ͵ΕಚΖ΍͹ɼஏҮద͵‫ݔ‬೨ࣆߴ͵ʹʤऑं͹ࣙࡶɼ઎े຿ଔɼೋ຿౵ʥɽ

^ĞĞĂůƐŽ͕ĨŽƌŝŶƐƚĂŶĐĞ͕ƉĂƌƚŝĐŝƉĂƚŽƌǇŵĂƉƉŝŶŐŝŶ͗WĂƌƚŝĐŝƉĂƚŽƌǇůĞĂƌŶŝŶŐĂŶĚĂĐƚŝŽŶƚŽŽůŬŝƚ͗ĨŽƌĂƉƉůŝĐĂƚŝŽŶŝŶ^ZΖƐ'ůŽďĂůWƌŽŐƌĂŵƐ͖ϮϬϭϮ;ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬŚĞƌƉƌŽũĞĐƚ͘ŽƌŐͬĨŝůĞƐͬƚŽŽůŬŝƚƐͬ,ZƉƌŽũĞĐƚͲWĂƌƚŝĐŝƉĂƚŽƌǇͲ>ĞĂƌŶŝŶŐ͘ƉĚĨ͕೧݆ೖΠέιη).

70

ɻࣙ෾͗ॶ଒ͤΖαϝϣωτΡʖҐ֐ͲߨΚΗͪɼαϝϣωτΡʖ͹कରద͵‫ؖ‬༫͹ྭΝ‫ͱݡ‬ΊΖαϝϣωτΡʖ͹कରద͵‫ؖ‬༫͹ϕϫζΥ

ࣰࢬ৖ॶଲে͹ਕ޳Ώ
‫و‬ໝ

ࣰࢬ͠Ηͪ
‫׈‬ಊ

੔Վ

έφ໌

71

कରదͶ‫ؖ‬༫ͪ݃͢ՎΚ͖ͮͪ͞ͳ

ࣙ෾ͪͬ͹αϝϣωτΡʖ ༀཱིͯࣁ‫ݱ‬ɼ
͹‫׈‬ಊ
࿊ཙ઎
ͳ͹‫ؖ‬࿊੓̑̑ɻ αϝἁωτỻổ͹ߨಊ‫ܯ‬ժΝߡҌͤΖαϝϣωτΡʖ͹ߨಊ‫ܯ‬ժΝߡҌͤΖްՎదͲ͍ΖͳΚ͖ͮͱ͏Ζ‫׈‬ಊΏɼࣙ෾ͪͬ͹αϝϣωτΡʖͳ‫ؖ‬࿊͹͍Ζ‫׈‬ಊΝಝఈͤΖްՎ͗ࣖ͠Ηͱ͏Ζ‫׈‬ಊΝॽ͘ड़͢ɼࣙ෾ͪͬ͹αϝϣωτΡʖͳ͹‫ؖ‬࿊੓Ν໎Δ͖ͶͤΖɽ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________72ྭʁ࠹΍॑གྷ͵࿨఼

ࣰߨՆ೵͵αϝϣωτΡʖ͹ߨಊࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸ࢕࣮ෆ࡟ぢࡽࢀࡿ᐀ᩍⓗಙ௮ࠊᩥ໬ⓗಙᛕࢆཎᅉ࡜ࡋࡓࠊ⮬ẅ࡟㛵ࡍࡿ೫ぢ• ⮬ẅࡸ⢭⚄ಖ೺ୖ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡢᑐヰࢆቑࡸࡍࡇ࡜࡛ࠊ
೫ぢࢆ㝖ཤࡍࡿ

ࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸ࢕࣮ࡢࠊ⮬ẅࡸ⢭⚄ಖ೺ࡢ⌮ゎࡢపࡉ• ࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸ࢕࣮ࡢಖ೺་⒪㛵ಀ⪅ࡸࣉࣛ࢖࣐࣭ࣜ

⮬ẅᡭẁ࡬ࡢ࢔ࢡࢭࢫࡢࡋࡸࡍࡉ㸦㎰⸆ࠊ㖠ჾ➼㸧• ㎰⸆ࡢᏳ඲࡞฼⏝ࡢࡓࡵࡢࠊࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸ࢕࣮ࡢ
௓ධ♫఍ⓗࢫࢺࣞࢫせᅉ㸦ヨ㦂ᮇ㛫୰ࡢ⏕ᚐ࣭Ꮫ⏕ࡢࢫࢺࣞࢫ➼㸧

• Ꮫᰯ࡟࠾࠸࡚࣓ࣥࢱࣝ࣊ࣝࢫࡢၨⓎάື࡜ࢫ࢟
࣮ࣝࣞࢽࣥࢢࢆᥦ౪ࡍࡿ• ⱝ⪅ࢆ⮬ẅᑐ⟇ࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛࡢ௻⏬࡟ຍ࠼ࡿ㸦Ꮫᰯࣆ࢔ࢧ࣏࣮ࢺࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛࢆྵࡴ㸧୙㐺ษ࡞ሗ㐨࡛ࠊ⮬ẅࢆ⾜ࡁ㐣ࡂࡓ⾲⌧࡛ྲྀࡾୖࡆࡿᆅᇦ࣓ࢹ࢕࢔
⮬ẅࣜࢫࢡࡢ㧗࠸ேࡸ⮬ẅ࡟ࡼࡾ㑇ࡉࢀࡓேࡢ
ࡓࡵࡢᨭ᥼ࡢ୙㊊࣊ࢫ࣭ࢣ࢔㛵ಀ⪅࡟ࠊ⮬ẅ㛵㐃⾜ືࢆ་Ꮫⓗ࡟ホ౯ࡋࠊୖᡭࡃᑐฎࡋࠊࣇ࢛࣮ࣟ࢔ࢵࣉࡍࡿࡓࡵ
ࡢ◊ಟࢆ⾜࠺
• ࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸ࢕࣮ᣦᑟ⪅ࡸࢤ࣮ࢺ࣮࢟ࣃ࣮ࡀຠᯝ
ⓗ࡞ேⓗ㈨※࡜࡞ࡿࡓࡵࡢ◊ಟࢆ⾜࠺• ⮬ẅࡢ༴ᶵ࡟┤㠃ࡋࡓே࡬ࡢᨭ᥼ࡸຓࡅࢆồࡵࡿ⾜ືࢆಁ㐍ࡍࡿ• ࣓ࢹ࢕࢔࡜᝟ሗఏ㐩ᡭẁࡢ࢞࢖ࢻࣛ࢖ࣥࢆࡘࡃࡿ• ⮬Ṛ㑇᪘ࡸ⮬യࢆᐇయ㦂ࡋࡓே࡬ࡢᨭ᥼ࢆసࡿ• ⮬ẅ┤ᚋ࡟࠶ࡿ⮬ẅࣜࢫࢡࡢ㧗࠸㞟ᅋ࡟ᑐᛂࡍࡿ• 㧗㱋⪅࡟ྥࡅࡓᑐ⟇ࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛࢆࡘࡃࡿ• ά⏝࡛ࡁࡿ㈨※ࡢ୍ぴ⾲ࢆసࡾࠊࡍ࡭࡚ࡢᆅᇦ
ࢧ࣮ࣅࢫࠊࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛࠊᆅᅗୖࡢ⤒㊰ࢆࡘ࡞ࡆࡿ

࠹΍॑གྷ͵࿨఼

ࣰߨՆ೵͵αϝϣωτΡʖ͹ߨಊ73̑̑ɻ αϝἁωτỻổ͹ߨಊ‫ܯ‬ժΝߡҌͤΖ ࠹΍॑གྷ͵࿨఼ͳɼαϝϣωτΡʖͶ͕͜ΖࣰࢬՆ೵͵۫ରదߨಊΝ‫ͤັ۝‬Ζ

 ࣁ‫ߨࣰͳݱ‬Ն೵͵ߨಊΝϜρϒϱήͤΖ
ਕ઒໵எࣟʙࣁ‫ݱ‬

қཋ

ཤ༽Ն೵͖

74

ׄΕ౲ͱΔΗ಼ͪ༲ߨಊ‫ܯ‬ժ͹ͪΌ͹‫׈‬ಊ͹મఈ๏๑ͳ͢ͱɼᶅαϝϣωτΡʖࣙର͗චགྷͳ‫͏ͱͣ״‬Ζ΍͹ɼᶆՌָదࠞ
‫ڎ‬ɼᶇࣰ‫ݳ‬Ն೵੓ΝߡྂͤΖ࣏̑‫ݫ‬ϜφϨρέηςʖϩΝ༽͏Ζ͞ͳ͍͗Ζɽ ࠪ͹ཟͶɼॳҒΝ෉ͪ͜͏‫׈‬ಊ಼༲Νॽ͚ ͨΗͩΗ͹‫׈‬ಊΝ̑ͯ͹࣏‫ݫ‬ॊͮͱɼ఼਼Ν෉͜ͱϧϱέΝ݀ΌΖʤ࠹ఁ఼̎ʛ࠹߶఼̓ʥ ͨΗͩΗ͹‫׈‬ಊͶଲ͢ɼ̑ͯ͹࣢ͨΗͩΗͶͯ͜ΔΗ఼਼ͪΝ߻‫ͤܯ‬Ζ ݃ՎΝ࿫͢߻͑ ͨΗͶԢͣͱɼߨಊ‫ܯ‬ժ͹ͪΌ͹‫׈‬ಊΝ݀ΌΖ‫׈‬ಊ಼༲

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߻‫఼ܯ‬ʤ࠹୉఼̏̓ʥ
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•ʰ͍͵ͪͶ΍Ͳ͘Ζࣙࡶଲࡨ͗Ձ͖͍ΖͺͥͲͤɼ࿫͢߻ͮͱΊΉ͢Β͑ʱ•ʰࣙࡶ͹௅ޫΝࣖͤγ΢ϱͶ‫ͻͯ͗͜ـ‬ɼ‫͓ٻ‬Ζໍ͍͗ΕΉͤʱ•ʰঁ͜Ν‫ٽ‬ΌΖ͹ͺओ͏͖ΔͣΎ͵͏ʱ•ʰ͍͵ͪͺಢΕͣΎ͵͏ɼ‫س‬๮ͳࢩԋ͍͗ΕΉͤʱ77̑̑ɻ αϝἁωτỻổ͹ߨಊ‫ܯ‬ժΝߡҌͤΖ

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ࢱ໌

࿊ཙ઎

໲͏߻ΚͦΝ͖ͪ͢ʃ78յ౶͍͖͗ͮͪʃ

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ྭʁߨಊήϩʖϕ͹αϝϣωτΡʖճ߻͹஦Ͳɼ‫׈‬ಊ͹਒ṁয়‫ڱ‬Ν֮೟ͤΖͪΌ͹࣎ؔΝঙ͵͚ͳ΍̓෾ͺखΖ͞ͳɽ‫׈‬ಊ͹‫ܯ‬ժͶ‫ܠ‬ΚΖͤ΄ͱ͹ߑ੔ҽͶʹ͹Γ͑͵՟ୌͶ௜໚͖ͪ͢ɼ‫׈‬ಊͶรߍ͹఑Ҍ
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80ϓΧʖΩηήϩʖϕ͹ࢂՅंΝʹ͹Γ͑ͶูॄͤΖ͖ɽྭʁࢂՅं͹મఈʤकୌͶ੠௪ͪ͢ਕΏɼླٓਜ਼͚͢қ‫͘Ͳ͗׷ިݡ‬Ζ͞ͳͲஎΔΗͱ͏Ζਕ౵ʥɼໃ
ࡠҟபड़ʤָߏ͹Γ͑͵‫و‬ໝ͗୉͚͘໎֮Կ͠Ηͪήϩʖϕ͖Δમड़ʥɼಋҲήϩʖϕ͹સϟϱώʖɼಋༀ৮ʀಋ‫ॽݠ‬͹ਕɼϚϧϱτΡΠʤοϧεͲ͹ูॄ౵ʥɽ
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ϓΧʖΩηήϩʖϕʀυΡηΩρεϥϱ͹ࢂՅंϨηφΝॽ͘ड़ͤɽ
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࿫͢߻͏͹τʖϜͺՁ͖ɽྭʁαϝϣωτΡʖͶ͕͜ΖࢂՅं͹ࣙࡶͶଲͤΖ‫ݡ‬๏ɼࣙࡶཀྵ༟ͳࣙࡶघஊɼࣙࡶଲࡨ‫׈‬ಊ͹ࣰࢬ౵____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

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ࢂՅं͗଩ͬմ͜ΖͪΌ͹࣯໲ɼ࿫͢߻͏͹֫ৼͶയΖ࣯໲ɼश྅͹ͪΌ͹࣯໲ΝՁͶͤΖ͖ɽྭʁࢂՅं͗଩ͬմ͜ΖͪΌ͹࣯໲ʁࣙࡶͳࣙࡶଲࡨͶͯ͏ͱʹ͹Γ͑͵͞ͳΝஎͮͱ͏Ζ͖ɽՁ͖எͮ
ͱ͏Ζࣙࡶଲࡨ‫׈‬ಊͺ͍Ζ͖ɽࣙ෾͹αϝϣωτΡʖͲɼ۫ରద͵ߨಊ‫ܯ‬ժͶԢͣͱߨΚΗͱ͏Ζࣙࡶଲࡨ‫׈‬ಊͶͯ͏ͱʹ͑ࢧ͖͑ɽ
࿫͢߻͏͹֫ৼͶയΖ࣯໲ʁ‫Ͳ఼࣎ݳ‬͹γʖϑηͳ΢ϱϓϧηφϧέοϡʖͶܿ͜ͱ͏Ζ΍͹ͺՁ͖ɽαϝϣωτΡʖͶ͕͏ͱɼࣙࡶଲࡨΝࠖೋͶͦ͠ͱ͏Ζ΍͹ͺՁ͖ɽࣙࡶΝ‫ݰ‬ঙͦ͠Ζ͞ͳͶ͕͏ͱɼଲࡨ‫׈‬ಊ͹༙ް੓ΝɼࢂՅंͺʹ͑‫͏ͱͣ״‬Ζ͖ɽश྅͹ͪΌ͹࣯໲ʁ ෉͜Յ͓ͪ͏͞ͳͺ͵͏͖ɽଠͶ࣯໲ͺ͍Ζ͖ɽ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________^ĞĞĂůƐŽ͕ĨŽƌŝŶƐƚĂŶĐĞ͗/ŶƚƌŽĚƵĐƚŝŽŶƚŽĐŽŶĚƵĐƚŝŶŐĨŽĐƵƐŐƌŽƵƉƐ
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͹਼݇Νॽ͘ड़ͤ͞ͳɽ
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83̓̓ɻ αϝἁωτỻổ͹۫ରద͵ߨಊ‫ܯ‬ժ͹ϠωνϨϱήͳ඲Ճγʖϗ΢ϧϱηεητϞͳྖదรԿ̔̔ɻ αϝἁωτỻổ͹ϓỻổχώỿέϝổτỻϱή αϝϣωτΡʖ͹ϓΡʖχώρέϝʖτΡϱή αϝϣωτΡʖ͹ϓΡʖχώρέϝʖτΡϱήΝ֋࠷ͤΖΏΖ΄͘͞ͳ

਒ṁডଶয়͹ૻ෉

ճ৖͹֮ฯαϝϣωτΡʖߑ੔ҽ͖ΔϓΡʖχώρέΝ
ಚΖ๏๑͹݀ఈ

৆ࡋ͵Ծ६ඍΝߨ͑ʤྭʁϕϫζΥένʖɼҞࢢɼ৚ๅοϧεʥ౾٠ߴ໪͹६ඍ

֋ճࣞ͹घഓʤྭɼΰηφηϒʖΩʖɼϕϪκϱνʖʥถճࣞ͹घഓ

ΠΤφϨʖο͹घഓʤྭɼϟυΡΠͳ͹࿊‫ܠ‬ɼζϡʖψϨηφ͹ডଶʥ࢚ճ‫ܐ‬͹݀ఈ‫ى‬࿧‫ܐ‬Ήͪͺॽ‫ى‬͹݀ఈ

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क࠷ंΓΕ
ʰnˎқ‫׷ިݡ‬ճͳͺɼ‫ৼؖ‬͹͍ΖαϝϣωτΡʖ͹ߑ੔ҽɼ‫ڢ‬ճɼ͕Γ;‫ॄ͗ंܐؖ‬ΉΕɼ͑Ή͚‫ؽ‬೵͢ͱ͏Ζ΍͹ɼࣙࡶଲࡨͶ‫ͤؖ‬Ζ֪ࠫɼͨ͢ͱͽͳΕͽͳΕ͗Ͳ͘Ζ͞ͳͶͯ͏ͱ৚ๅ‫༙ͤڠ‬Ζ͞ͳͲͤɽࢴͪͬͺ୯΍͗Վͪͤ΄͘ༀׄΝ࣍ͮͱ͏Ζ͹Ͳͤɽʱʤʕ೧ʕ݆ʛʕ೧ʕ݆ʥͶΩψξસҮ͹ૌ৭ͺɼࣙࡶଲࡨͶͯ͏ͱ٠࿨Νߨ͑ͪΌɼஏҮ͹઒໵Պɼγʖϑη఑‫ंڛ‬ɼฯ݊ҫྏ఑‫ंڛ‬ɼஏҮܱࡱ‫ׯ‬ɼ‫ࢥگ‬ɼλʖεϡϩϭʖΩʖɼ਎຃஄ରɼҪଔɼभ‫ࢨگ‬಍ंɼभ‫گ‬஄ରɼ‫܋‬ୄେනंɼୂༀ‫܋‬ਕɼαϝϣωτΡʖ͹ࢨ಍ंͶՅ͓ͱɼ‫ৼؖ‬͹͍Ζࢤ຿Νডଶ͢Ήͤɽ
0+&&͹େනखగༀͲ͍Ζ/RXLVH %UDGOH\ͺɼʰˎқ‫׷ިݡ‬ճͺΩψξસҮͶΚͪͮͱࣙࡶଲࡨ͹༙ӻ͵ఴ๮ͳΠ΢υΠΝॄΌΖͪΌͶ‫ة‬ժ͠Ηɼͨ͹໪ඬͺࢴͪͬ͹αϝϣωτΡʖͶༀཱིͯ࣍କద͵մ݀๑ΝɼྙΝ߻ΚͦͱࡠΕड़ͤ͞ͳͲͤɽ0+&&ͺ͑ͪ͢͞ճ߻͹݃ՎΝखΕΉͳΌɼΩψξસҮͶΚͪΖαϝϣωτΡʖ΃ࣁ‫͘Ͳ༙ڠͱ͢ͳݱ‬ΖΓ͑͵ɼ‫ؽ‬೵ద͵αϝϣωτΡʖϠυϩΝࡠ੔͢Ήͤɽಋ࣎ͶɼΩψξࠅ຿ͺࣙਐ͹αϝϣωτΡʖͲ͹ճ߻ͶࢂՅ͢ɼࣙࡶଲࡨ͹۫ରద͵ߨಊΏકྲྀͶͯ͏ͱ͹৿͢͏৚ๅΝखಚ͢ͱ͚ͫ͠͏ɽʱͳफ़΄ͱ͏Ήͤɽೖఖʁ࣎ؔʁ৖ॶʁʤ‫ݒ‬෼໌ɼ෨Բʥ৆ࡋͺқ‫׷ިݡ‬ճ΃ZZZPHQWDOKHDOWKFRPPLVVLRQFDFRQYHUVDWLRQV7ZLWWHU͹ϓΧϫʖͺͬ͞ΔFRQYHUVDWLRQVRU#0+&&B

ड़ఱʁηϯϬϴĐŽŶǀĞƌƐĂƚŝŽŶƐ͘KƚƚĂǁĂ͗DĞŶƚĂů,ĞĂůƚŚŽŵŵŝƐƐŝŽŶŽĨĂŶĂĚĂ;ǁǁǁ͘ŵĞŶƚĂůŚĞĂůƚŚĐŽŵŵŝƐƐŝŽŶ͘ĐĂͬϯϬϴĐŽŶǀĞƌƐĂƚŝŽŶƐ͕೧݆ೖΠέιη 85 ৿ซ࿨ઈཟ͹τϱϕϪʖφʤࣙ෾͹αϝϣωτΡʖয়‫ڱ‬Ͷ߻ΚͦͱրรͤΖ͞ͳʥࣙࡶͶ‫ͤؖ‬Ζқ‫׷ިݡ‬ճ͹͕எΔͦΩψξͲͺຘ೧༁ਕ͗ࣙࡶͲ๤͚͵ͮͱ͕Εɼ͠ΔͶଡ͚͹ਕ͗ໍΝઊͳ͑ͳࣙࡶ‫ة‬ਦΝ͢ͱ͏Ήͤɽࣙࡶ͹ৼഓ͗͵͏ऀճ͵ʹ͍ΕΉͦΞɽࣙࡶͺࢴͪͬ͹୯ͶͲ΍ً͞ΕಚΖޮ़Ӷਫ਼໲ୌͲͤɽΩψξͲͺɼࣙࡶͺʛࡂ͹ऑं͹ࢰҾ͹φρϕͶ೘Εɼࣆ‫ބ‬Ͷକ͚ࢰҾ͹୊̐Ғͳ͵ͮͱ͏ΉͤɽࣙࡶͶଲͤΖऀճ‫ࡃܨ‬దαηφ͹ਬ‫ֻܯ‬ͺɼߡ͓ΔΗΖଝࣨਫ਼ଚ೧਼Ώफ೘Ώາਲ਼ं͹য়‫ڱ‬Ͷ΍ΓΕΉͤ͗ɼ‫ݺ‬ਕͶͯ͘ʛͶ΍͹·ΕΉͤɽࣙࢰҪଔ΃͹੠ਈదෝ୴ͺ‫ܯ‬ΕஎΗΉͦΞɽ̏ਕ͹ࣙࡶͶΓͮͱ̕ʛਕ͹ਫ਼ໍͶ୉͘͵Ӫ‫ڻ‬Ν‫͓ߡͳͤ·ٶ‬ΔΗͱ͕Εɼࠕౕͺͨ͹ਕୣࣙਐ͹ࣙࡶ͹‫ݧث‬੓Ν߶Όͱ͢Ή͑͹Ͳͤɽͪͫ͢ѳ͏எΔͦͻ͖ΕͲͺ͍ΕΉͦΞɽࣙࡶ΃͹ଲࡨ͗Ն೵Ͳ͍Ζͳ͏͑ྒྷ͏எΔͦ΍͍ΕΉͤɽࣙࡶ͹‫ݬ‬Ҿͺ͠Ή͡ΉͲͤ͗ɼ੠ਈฯ݊γʖϑη͹࣯͹޴৏Ώ੠ਈ࣮‫׳‬͹༩๹ɼย‫ݡ‬͹ঈ‫ʹ͵ڊ‬ͺͤ΄ͱɼ͞͞Θ͹݊߃ΝͺͣΌࣙࡶ͹‫ݰ‬ঙΏͨΗͶ෉਷ͤΖ݃ՎͶͯ͵͗Ζͳ͏͑͞ͳΝࢴͪͬͺஎͮͱ͏Ήͤɽࢴͪͬͺ୯΍͗ࣙࡶΝ‫ݰ‬ঙͦ͠ΖͪΌ͹ༀׄΝՎͪͤ͞ͳ͗Ͳ͘ɼͨ͹ͪΌ͹࿊ଵ੻೜Νෝͮͱ͏Ήͤɽࢴͪͬͺࣙ෾͹αϝϣωτΡʖͲ͹ࣙࡶଲࡨͶ͕͏ͱༀׄΝՎͪ͠͵͚ͱͺ͵ΕΉͦΞɽࣙࡶͺғષͳ͢ͱ‫ڬ‬ΗΔΗͪΕɼ஑ͳࢧΚΗͪΕɼ࿫͢ͱͺ͏͜͵͏͞ͳͫͳΊ͵͠ΗΖΓ͑͵໲ୌͲͤ͗ɼย‫ݡ‬Ν͵͚ࣙ͢ࡶ͹Ӏۜ͘ͳ͵ΖགྷҾͶӇཱི͢ͱͦͥͶͶଲॴͤΖ͞ͳͲɼࢴͪͬͺΊΞ͵ͲࣙࡶΝ๹͛͞ͳ͗Ͳ͘Ήͤɽࣙࡶ͹௅ޫΏ‫ݧث‬ҾࢢͶ‫͘Ͳ͗ͳ͚͞෉ـ‬ΖΓ͑Ͷ‫گ‬үΝण͜ɼ‫ݜ‬रϕϫήϧϞ΃͹ࢂՅͶԢͣΖ͞ͳͲɼ͠ΔͶͺࣙࡶଲࡨΝචགྷͳͤΖαϝϣωτΡʖ஧ؔͶघΝࠫ͢৵΄Ζ͞ͳͲɼࢴͪͬͺևͲࣙࡶଲࡨΝߨ͑͞ͳͶ͵Ζ͹ͲͤɽࢴͪͬͺࣙࡶଲࡨΏஏҮʀ‫ݺ‬ਕͲͲ͘Ζ͞ͳͶͯ͏ͱ࿫͢߻͑ͪΌͶɼ౲αϝϣωτΡʖͲճ߻Ν֋࠷͢ͱ͏Ήͤɽ͟ଡ๫ͳͺଚͣΉͤ͗ɼࢴͪͬͳ‫ڠ‬Ͷ࣎ؔΝࡠΕɼ͞͹୉͘͵໲ୌͶଲ͢ͱʹ͹Γ͑͵ࢩԋ͗Ͳ͘
Ζ͖ΝஎΕɼ౲αϝϣωτΡʖͲً͘ͱ͏Ζ͞ͳΝࣰ‫͚ͪͫͪ͏ͱ͢״‬ΌͶɼ੍ඉ͟ࢂՅΝ͕‫͢͏ب‬Ήͤɽճ߻ͺ˕݆ʕೖ͹ʕ࣎Ͷ֋࠷༩ఈͲͤɽ
ճ߻Ͳ͕ճ͏Ͳ͘Ζ͹Νֺ͢ΊͶ͢ͱ͕ΕΉͤɽʤࢱ໌ʥड़ఱʁηϯϬϴĐŽŶǀĞƌƐĂƚŝŽŶƐ͘KƚƚĂǁĂ͗DĞŶƚĂů,ĞĂůƚŚŽŵŵŝƐƐŝŽŶŽĨĂŶĂĚĂ
;ǁǁǁ͘ŵĞŶƚĂůŚĞĂůƚŚĐŽŵŵŝƐƐŝŽŶ͘ĐĂͬϯϬϴĐŽŶǀĞƌƐĂƚŝŽŶƐ͕೧݆ೖΠέιη 86 ਬও͠ΗΖɼ΢ϗϱφ֋࠷ӣӨೖఖҐԾ͹֕གྷͺɼ͍͵ͪ͹αϝϣωτΡʖճ߻Ͳˎқ‫׷ިݡ‬ճΝ‫ܯ‬ժࣰ͢ࢬͤΖࡏͶ‫ݗ‬౾ͤ΄͘࠹΍॑གྷ͵ߴ໪Ͳ͍Ζɽˎқ‫׷ިݡ‬ճɻοΥρέϨηφ
ೖ෉

ActivityϝʖτΡϱήुؔ઴
ೖ࣎͹મఈ
ճ৖͹༩༁
ϝʖτΡϱή‫ࣞܙ‬͹݀ఈʤϏϋϩ౾٠ɼνΤϱϙʖϩ‫ܗ‬ɼϧΤϱχτʖϔϩ‫ࣞܙ‬౵ʥචགྷ͵ࢻ௎ְࣁࡒ͹֮೟‫ंܐؖ‬ɼαϝϣωτΡʖͲ஭໪͠Ηͱ͏Ζ‫ݘ‬ཤक௃ंɼϏϋϨηφ͹ডଶͨ͹৖Ͳ੠ਈฯ݊͹‫ٺە‬ଲԢΝߨ͑ਕ͹֮ฯˎқ‫׷ިݡ‬ճ͹΢ϗϱφΫρφ͹಼༲ΝΩηνϜ΢θͤΖɻ΢ϗϱφΫρφͺΨϱϧ΢ϱͲ΍ཤ༽ՆɻʤZZZPHQWDOKHDOWKFRPPLVVLRQRIFDQDGDFDFRQYHUVDWLRQVʥαϝϣωτΡʖ஄ରͶ৖ॶͳΤΥϔ‫ࡎܟ‬͹ೖ෉Ν௪எͤΖλʖεϡϩϟυΡΠ΃޴ͪ͜αϱτϱςΝ͚ͯΖʤλʖεϡϩϟυΡΠॵৼं΃͹ϐϱφΝࢂলʥਕ௪Ε͹ଡ͏৖ॶͶճ߻͹ϛηνʖΝహΖϝʖτΡϱή̐ुؔ઴αϝϣωτΡʖ৚ๅࢿΏϟυΡΠͶ಼༲Ν‫ͤࡎى‬Ζ
৚ๅࢿΏஏҮΩϪϱξʖ͹΢ϗϱφཟͶޮනͤΖ
ωϣʖηϨϨʖηϝʖτΡϱή̏ुؔ઴λʖεϡϩϟυΡΠΝ௪ͪ͢΢ϗϱφਬ਒΢ϱνϑϣʖઅఈ͹ͪΌϟυΡΠͳ࿊ཙΝखΖճ߻ೖఖන͹૴ҌΝࡠΕɼ൅නͤΖࢂՅंસҽ΃ోͤϓΡʖχώρέ༽ࢶ͹һࡰճ߻Ͳ͹࢘༽඾࠹शοΥρέϨηφ
αʖϐʖɼ͕ணɼਭ
ඬࣟɼτʖϕസτΡρεϣ
ஏҮ৚ๅࡒྋ͹ͪΌ͹‫ط‬ճ߻͹ॽ‫ى‬Ν݀ΌΖࢂՅं͹ౌ࿧༽໌฿
Ϗϭʖϛ΢ϱφ͹ηϧ΢χ
қ‫׷ިݡ‬Ϊ΢χ͹‫ݡ‬௜͢ࢂՅंͶଲ͢ͱ͹ࣺਇʙϟυΡΠϨϨʖη͹‫ݘ‬ཤ๎‫ؼ‬ϘϱΏԘජͲ‫ى‬೘ͤΖϓΡʖχώρέ༽ࢶࢻ௎ְࣁࡒϝʖτΡϱή̏ुؔ‫ޛ‬ডଶं΃͹ླয়ࡠ੔ʤτϱϕϪʖφࢂলʥ੠ਈฯ݊஄ର΃͹ϓΡʖχώρέ఑ࣖ
出典：ηϯϬϴĐŽŶǀĞƌƐĂƚŝŽŶƐ͘KƚƚĂǁĂ͗DĞŶƚĂů,ĞĂůƚŚŽŵŵŝƐƐŝŽŶŽĨĂŶĂĚĂ
;ǁǁǁ͘ŵĞŶƚĂůŚĞĂůƚŚĐŽŵŵŝƐƐŝŽŶ͘ĐĂͬϯϬϴĐŽŶǀĞƌƐĂƚŝŽŶƐ͕೧݆ೖΠέιη .

87ਬও͠ΗΖɼ΢ϗϱφ֋࠷௜઴͹਒ߨϟϠʤࣙ෾͹αϝϣωτΡʖয়‫ڱ‬Ͷ߻ΚͦͱրรͤΖ͞ͳʥೖఖʁ ೖ෉ɼ݆ɼ೧ɼ৖ॶɼࢤௌଞ
ˎқ‫׷ިݡ‬ճʁޮ़ͳ͹ଲ࿫ॄճtʤ஄ର໌ʥͺસͱ͹αϝϣωτΡʖߑ੔ҽΝɼʤஏ໌ʥ͹ʤࢱ໌ʥͶΓΕ஥घ͠Ηͱ͏ΖαϝϣωτΡʖқ‫׷ިݡ‬ͶकରదͶ‫ؖ‬༫͢ͱ΍Δ͑ͪΌͶডଶ͢ɼࣙࡶଲࡨͶ‫ͤؖ‬ΖαϝϣωτΡʖϠυϩࡨఈͶༀཱིͱͱ΍Δ͑ɽ౺஥ͪ͢Δʁ
֚౲ͤΖ৖߻ͺ৆ࡋ಼༲Ν͞͞Ͷॽ͚ɽʤͯΉΕɼ਒ߨ๏޴ɼளऄ৖ɼण෉౵ʥ
΢ϗϱφ͹εψϨΨʁճ߻ͺαϝϣωτΡʖιϱνʖɼਦॽ‫ؙ‬ɼָߏ͹ରү‫ؙ‬ɼ͍Ζ͏ͺक࠷ं͗મΞͫΠέιη͢Ώͤ͏ճ৖Ͳ֋͖ΗΖɽճ٠࣪͹Ϫ΢ΠΤφͺϝʖτΡϱή‫ࣞܙ‬ʤϏϋϩ౾࿨ɼνΤϱϙʖϩ‫ܗ‬౵ʥΝൕӫͦ͠Ζɽண՝Νड़ੰं΃఑‫ͤڛ‬Ζ͞ͳ΍Նɽ࿊ཙ઎ʁ֋࠷ηνρϓʀϚϧϱτΡΠ
ࢱ໌

ు࿫൬ߺ

ϟʖϩ

ు࿫൬ߺ

ϟʖϩ

ు࿫൬ߺ

ϟʖϩ

क࠷ं
ࢱ໌
‫ंܐؖ‬ʤ֚౲ͤΖ৖߻ʥࢱ໌ड़ఱʁηϯϬϴĐŽŶǀĞƌƐĂƚŝŽŶƐ͘KƚƚĂǁĂ͗DĞŶƚĂů,ĞĂůƚŚŽŵŵŝƐƐŝŽŶŽĨĂŶĂĚĂ
;ǁǁǁ͘ŵĞŶƚĂůŚĞĂůƚŚĐŽŵŵŝƐƐŝŽŶ͘ĐĂͬϯϬϴĐŽŶǀĞƌƐĂƚŝŽŶƐ͕೧݆ೖΠέιη 88 ਬও͠ΗΖɼ΢ϗϱφ͹਒ߨනιρτΡϱή
ʤ΢ϗϱφ෾઴ʥηνρϓ͹ճ৖౺஥
ࢻ௎ְࣁࡒ͹ιρτΡϱή
τʖϔϩʀҞࢢ͹ιρτΡϱή
ౌ࿧‫ͳط‬৚ๅ‫ط‬͹ιρτΡϱήɼ֦ੰͶϓΡʖχώρέ‫ى‬೘༽ࢶΝ६ඍண՝ɼܲৱΝιρτΡϱή

΢ϗϱφຌ൬
ʤ෾઴ʥ

ಝพΰηφͳ‫ंܐؖ‬͹ճ৖౺஥ʤ෾઴ʥ

֋৖ɼౌ࿧ण෉֋࢟

ʤ֋࠷஦ʥ

෾ؔ

਒ߨༀ
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౾࿨τʖϜ̏
౾࿨τʖϜ̐
౾࿨τʖϜ̑
౾࿨τʖϜ̒
࠹शద͵఑Ҍफॄʤ৏घ͚‫ؽ‬೵͢ͱ͏Ζ͞ͳɼ֪ࠫʥ

෾ؔ‫ة‬ժंͶΓΖถճ͹ѭࡲண՝ͺड़ͪ͢ΉΉ΢ϗϱφश྅
෨Բ͹ͨ͑ͣɼඍ඾͹భ‫ڊ‬ˠϟυΡΠ஭қॽ͘ʁϟυΡΠ͹ࢂՅͺ‫ͤܶ׽‬Ζɽͪͫ͢ϕϧ΢ώεʖ͹ཀྵ༟͖Δɼճ٠಼࣪Ͳ͹࿧Խʀ࿧ժ‫حؽ‬ͺ‫ڒ‬Ն͢͵͏ɽ࿧ԽՆ͹΢ϱνϑϣʖͺճ߻͹઴‫ޛ‬Ͷߨ͑ɽ
出典： ηϯϬϴĐŽŶǀĞƌƐĂƚŝŽŶƐ͘KƚƚĂǁĂ͗DĞŶƚĂů,ĞĂůƚŚŽŵŵŝƐƐŝŽŶŽĨĂŶĂĚĂ
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