First Workshop on Contactless Card Interoperability
Mutual European and Japanese Initiative for Interoperability
in Paris on October 24, 2001

Proximity IC Cards Interoperability
Implementation Standards & Development
by NMDA
Atsushi WATANABENMDA : New Media Development Association
1Features of Proximity IC Cards

1010.1

Contactless IC Card

Communication Distance (cm)

Microwave

100

Vicinity

Remotefunction+No metalcontacts

Proximity

Close coupled
Magnetic Stripe
Card

Alternative toIC card withcontacts

IC Card with contacts

2Features of Proximity IC Cards

1.

Remote operation- with the user’s intention

2.

No metal contacts

3.

13.56MHz worldwide availability

4.

106 kb/s high-speed

5.

Card antenna designing flexibility- operable between 1.5 A/m~ 7.5 A/m
3

Variety of ISO Proximity Cards

4

Variety of Proximity PICCs & PCDs
Operating Field
of Remote PCD

Card Antenna Center
for Remote Use

Card Antenna for
Surface-reading

PCD
PCD

Dead Zone

Operating Fieldof Surface-reading
PCD

5

Purpose of Standardization Other Than ISO

1. Encryption coprocessor
embedded in PICC
- support public key encryption (ex. RSA)

2. Single card operation and/orTwo cards operation- considering adjacent cards in PCD or a wallet

3. Open type PCD or Slot-in type PCD- support user’s requirement

4. Obtaining interoperability& preventing interference6Implementation Standards - main items

Set the conditions to PICC
1. PICC Antenna size
- considering surface-reading

2. PICC Resonance frequency- considering adjacent cards in a wallet or R/W

Add Evaluation tools to ISO/IEC 10373-6

3. Two Reference PICCs added
7

PICC Antenna Area
PICC Antenna shall encircle
Shadow area

Minimal PICC Antenna
R= 5mmin ISO/IEC 14443-2

53.98

30

R865.685.68PICC Resonance frequency

Resonance frequency(1) One PICC alone:> 19MHz recommended•

Two PICCs coexistence:> 13.56MHz recommended9

Developed Evaluation Tools – Test PICC

Two Reference PICCsadded
Reference PICC - S= ISO/IEC
10373-6
Reference PICC - M

Reference PICC - L

Calibration Coil - M

10Reference PICC Antenna Size

Antenna S(66.6 x 31, R8.5)

Antenna M(72 x 42, R5)
ISO/IEC 10373-6

Antenna L(83.6 x 52, R5)

11

Implementation Standards
NMDA Implementation Standards : Version up from 1.0 to 1.1
VersionVersion 1.0Version 1.1
Item
December 2000
July 2001• One or two cards • One or two cards operation
PICCoperation• Single card operation• Slot-in type
• Slot-in type
PCD
• Open type
14443-1 FDIS
14443-1 1st edition
14443-2 FDIS
14443-2 FDIS
Referenced
14443-3 FCD
14443-3 1st edition
ISO/IEC
14443-4 FCD
14443-4 1st edition
10373-6 FCD
10373-6 FDIS

12

Functional Test - PICC
ISO/IEC

Item

10373-6
7

Operatingfield

14443-1
4.3.5

Maximum
AppliedMagnetic
Field

10373-6
7-Measuring conditions
cardconditions

one-twoone
twooneLoadmodulationInfluence to
Other card

twocard + card

Specification

Card typeone one / two

4 ~ 7.5A/m rms

card + Reference PICC M/S/L
card + card

10A/m rms
12A/m rms

card + Reference PICC M/S/L(30 seconds)

card + card

> 30/H1.2 mV peakcard + Reference PICC M/S/L

two card + Reference PICC M/S/L

Supply power toReference PICC
> 50mW( 6.8V at RL=910Ω )13

Functional Test - PCD
ISO/IEC

Item

Measuring conditions

10373-6
Field strength
8.1

Reference PICC M/S/L

10373-6 Power transfer
PCD to PICC8.2

One Reference PICC M/S/L

10373-6
8.3

Modulationindex andwaveform

10373-6
8.4

Loadmodulation
reception

Calibration coil
Two Reference PICCs M/S/LSpecification

PCD type
Slot-inOpen

4 ~ 7.5A/m rms
6.8V at RL=910Ω
(50mW)

Calibration coil
One Reference PICC M/S/L> 30/H1.2 mV peak

Two Reference PICCs M/S/L
Reference PICC M/S/L

Correct reception

14

Implementation Standard- fin -15