JCM_TH_F_PM_ver01.0

JCM Proposed Methodology Form
Cover sheet of the Proposed Methodology Form
Form for submitting the proposed methodology
Host Country

The Kingdom of Thailand

Name of the methodology proponents Tepia Corporation Japan Co., Ltd.
submitting this form
Sectoral scope(s) to which the Proposed 1. Energy industries (renewable- / nonMethodology applies

renewable sources)

Title of the proposed methodology, and Introduction of Biomass Boiler, Ver. 01.0
version number
List of documents to be attached to thisThe attached draft JCM-PDD:

form (please check):

Additional information

Date of completion

28/04/2022

History of the proposed methodology
Version01.0

Date
28/04/2022

Contents revisedFirst Edition1

JCM_TH_F_PM_ver01.0

A. Title of the methodology
Introduction of Biomass Boiler, Ver. 01.0

B. Terms and definitions
Terms

Definitions

Biomass

Biomass is non-fossilized and biodegradable organic material
originating from plants, animals and microorganisms. This
includes products, by-products, residues and waste fromagriculture, forestry and related industries as well as the nonfossilized and biodegradable organic fractions of industrial andmunicipal wastes.

Biomass residueBiomass residues are defined as biomass that is a by-product,residue or waste stream from agriculture, forestry and relatedindustries. This does not include municipal waste or otherwastes that contain fossilized and/or non-biodegradable
material (however, small fractions of inert inorganic material
like soil or sands may be included).

Biomass boiler

A boiler which combusts biomass to heat water and produce
steam.

Boiler efficiency

The ratio of the total absorption heating value of the usable heat
output to the heat amount contained in fuel fired in the boiler.
In other words, it means that 1 minus the fraction of the heatloss. The heat loss includes the one by blow water.

Drain recovery system

Drain recovery system is an equipment which recovers drainwith some heating energy and reuses for boiler feed water.

C. Summary of the methodology
Items

Summary2

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GHG

emission

reduction One or more biomass boilers are introduced and combust

measuresbiomass instead of fossil fuels to generate heat and produce
steam, resulting in reduction of GHG emissions from fossil
fuels.

Calculation

ofreference Reference emissions are CO2 emissions from heat generation

emissionsby a reference boiler which combusts fossil fuel(s). They arecalculated by the amount of produced steam by the project
biomass boiler(s), specific enthalpies of steam and water,
reference boiler efficiency and a CO2 emission factor of fossilfuel.

Calculationofproject Project emissions are CO2 emissions from electricity consumed

emissionsby the project biomass boiler(s), combustion of fossil fuel(s) by
the project biomass boiler(s) and transportation of biomass.
CO2 emissions from consumed electricity are calculated by theamount of electricity consumed by the project biomass boiler(s)and its CO2 emission factor.
In case the project biomass boiler(s) combusts fossil fuel(s) as
well as biomass, project emissions include CO2 emissions fromthe combustion of fossil fuel(s), which are calculated by theamount of fossil fuel(s), net calorific value of fossil fuel(s) andits/their CO2 emission factors.
CO2 emissions from biomass transportation are calculated byroundtrip distance of biomass transportation, mass oftransported biomass and a CO2 emission factor for biomasstransportation.

Monitoring parameters⚫ Amount of steam produced by the project biomass boiler(s)⚫ Amount of electricity consumed by the project biomassboiler(s) and ancillary equipment⚫ Amount of fossil fuel consumed by the project biomassboiler(s)⚫ Round trip distance of biomass transportation⚫ Mass of transported biomass

D. Eligibility criteria
This methodology is applicable to projects that satisfy all of the following criteria.

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Criterion 1

One or more biomass boilers are newly installed or replace an existing fossil
fuel-fired boiler(s).

Criterion 2In case of utilizing biomass fuel for project biomass boiler(s), only solid
biomass fuels made of biomass residues are used.

Criterion 3

Biomass residues utilized for the project are not used for energy application inabsence of the project activity. This can be demonstrated by the letter fromsuppliers of biomass.

E. Emission Sources and GHG types
Reference emissions
Emission sources

GHG types

Fossil fuel(s) consumed for generation of heat to produce steam

CO2

Project emissions
Emission sources

GHG types

Electricity consumed by the project biomass boiler(s) and ancillary CO2equipment
Fossil fuel(s) combusted by the project biomass boiler(s)CO2Fossil fuel(s) consumption by transportation of biomass between the CO2
place of biomass supplier’s stockyard and the project site

F. Establishment and calculation of reference emissions
F.1. Establishment of reference emissions
Reference emissions are calculated based on the amount of steam produced by the project
boiler(s), specific enthalpies of produced steam and feed water, reference boiler efficiency anda CO2 emission factor of reference fossil fuel.
A default value for the reference boiler efficiency is conservatively set to 89% taking thehighest value among the fossil fuel-fired boilers sold in Thailand, and specific enthalpy of feedwater is conservatively calculated by setting the highest air temperature recorded in Thailand
as the temperature of feed water, so as to ensure net emission reductions.
F.2. Calculation of reference emissions

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𝑹𝑬𝒑 =𝑺𝑷𝑷𝑱,𝒑 × (𝒉′′ 𝒔𝒕𝒆𝒂𝒎 − 𝒉′ 𝒘𝒂𝒕𝒆𝒓 ) 𝟏𝟎𝟎
×× 𝑬𝑭𝒇𝒖𝒆𝒍,𝑹𝑬𝟏𝟎𝟑
𝜼𝑹𝑬REpReference emissions during the period p [tCO2/p]

SPPJ,pThe amount of steam produced by the project biomass boiler(s) during the periodp [t/p]h’’steamSpecific enthalpy of produced steam [kJ/kg]

h’water

Specific enthalpy of feed water [kJ/kg]

ηRE

Reference boiler efficiency [%]EFfuel,RE

CO2 emission factor for fossil fuel consumed by the reference boiler [tCO2/GJ]

G. Calculation of project emissions

𝑷𝑬𝒑 = 𝑷𝑬𝒆𝒍𝒆𝒄,𝒑 + 𝑷𝑬𝒇𝒖𝒆𝒍,𝒑 + 𝑷𝑬𝒕𝒓,𝒑𝑷𝑬𝒆𝒍𝒆𝒄,𝒑 = 𝑬𝑪𝑷𝑱,𝒑 × 𝑬𝑭𝒆𝒍𝒆𝒄
𝑷𝑬𝒇𝒖𝒆𝒍,𝒑 = ∑ 𝑭𝑪𝑷𝑱,𝒊,𝒑 × 𝑵𝑪𝑽𝒇𝒖𝒆𝒍,𝑷𝑱,𝒊 × 𝑬𝑭𝒇𝒖𝒆𝒍,𝑷𝑱,𝒊𝒊𝑷𝑬𝒕𝒓,𝒑 = ∑ 𝑫𝒋,𝒑 × 𝒎𝒋,𝒑 × 𝑬𝑭𝒕𝒓
𝒋PEp

Project emissions during the period p [tCO2/p]

PEelec,p

Project emissions from consumed electricity by the project biomass boiler(s) andancillary equipment during the period p [tCO2/p]

PEfuel,p

Project emissions from combustion of fossil fuel by the project boiler(s) during
the period p [tCO2/p]

PEtr,p

Project emissions from transportation of biomass during the period p [tCO2/p]

ECPJ,p

The amount of electricity consumed by the project biomass boiler(s) and ancillaryequipment during the period p [MWh/p]

EFelecCO2 emission factor of consumed electricity [tCO2/MWh]

iIdentification number of fossil fuel type [-]FCPJ,i,p

The amount of fossil fuel consumed by the project biomass boiler(s) for the fueltype i during the period p [mass or volume/p]

NCVfuel,PJ,i

Net calorific value of fossil fuel used by the project biomass boiler(s) for the fuel5

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type i [GJ/mass or volume]

EFfuel,PJ,i

CO2 emission factor of fossil fuel used by the project biomass boiler(s) for thefuel type i [tCO2/GJ]
Identification number of the round trip for biomass transportation between thejplace of biomass supplier’s stockyard and the project site [-]Dj,pRound trip distance of the biomass transportation j during the period p [km]mj,pMass of biomass transported in the biomass transportation j during the period p[t]EFtr

CO2 emission factor for biomass transportation [tCO2/(t‧km)]* If the round trip distance for biomass transportation Dj,p is less than 200 km and the total rated
thermal output of the project biomass boiler(s) is equal to or less than 45 MW, the emissions
from the transportation may be neglected.

H. Calculation of emissions reductions

𝑬𝑹𝒑 = 𝑹𝑬𝒑 − 𝑷𝑬𝒑

ERp

Emission reductions during the period p [tCO2/p]

REp

Reference emissions during the period p [tCO2/p]

PEp

Project emissions during the period p [tCO2/p]

I. Data and parameters fixed ex ante
The source of each data and parameter fixed ex ante is listed as below.
Parameterh’’steam

Description of data

SourceSpecific enthalpy of produced steam Saturated steam table based on[kJ/kg].

“IAPWS

IndustrialFormulation”(e.g. steam table published by TheJapan

SocietyofMechanicalEngineers), using the values forsetting steam pressure according tovendor specification or operation
manual on the site.
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h’water

Specific enthalpy of feed water [kJ/kg]. (In case that hot water recovered by
Calculated based on the following drain recovery system is not reused
equation:for feed water into project biomassboiler(s))ℎ′𝑤𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑟 = 𝑇𝐹𝑊 × 𝐶𝑝
Where:The highest air temperature recorded

TFW Temperature of feed water [°C]inCp

ThailandbytheThai

Specific heat capacity of water Meteorological Department is applied[kJ/(kg‧°C)] (= 4.184 kJ/(kg‧°C))

to TFW for conservativeness.
(In case that hot water recovered bydrain recovery system is reused forfeed water into project biomass
boiler(s))

TFW is fixed at the values taken fromimplementation plan or operation
manual on the site for feed water into
project biomass boiler(s).
Cp: Theoretical value provided intable 6 of Cabinet Order No. 357 of1992, Japan

ηRE

Reference boiler efficiency [%].

JCM

approved

The default value is set to 89%.

TH_AM009.

methodology

The value is derived from the survey.
It is revised if deemed necessary bythe Joint Committee.

EFfuel,RE

CO2 emission factor for fossil fuel In the order of preference:
consumedbythereference

boiler a) regional or national default values;[tCO2/GJ]. CO2 emission factor of natural orgas is applied in this methodology in a b) IPCC default values provided inconservative manner.

table 1.4 of Ch.1 Vol.2 of 2006 IPCC
GuidelinesonNational

GHG

Inventories. Lower value is applied.

EFelecCO2emission factorofconsumed Grid electricity:

electricity [tCO2/MWh].

The most recent value available at thetime of validation is applied and fixed

When the biomass boiler(s) consumes for the monitoring period thereafter.
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only grid electricity or captive electricity, The data is sourced from “Gridthe project participant applies the CO2 Emission Factor (GEF) of Thailand”,
emission factor respectively.

endorsed by Thailand Greenhouse
Gas

Management

Organization,

When both grid electricity and captive unless otherwise instructed by theelectricity may be consumed by the Joint Committee.
project biomass boiler(s), the project
participant applies the CO2 emission Captive electricity:
factor to higher value.

For the option a)Specification of the captive power[CO2 emission factor]

generation system connected to theFor grid electricity: The most recent boiler, provided by the manufacturer
value available from the source stated in (𝜂𝑐𝑎𝑝 [%]).
this table at the time of validation.

CO2 emission factor of the fuelconsumed by the captive power

For captive electricity:

generation system connected to theIt is determined based on the following boiler (𝐸𝐹𝑓𝑢𝑒𝑙,𝑐𝑎𝑝 [tCO2/GJ]) in order
options:of preference:
1) values provided by the fuela) Calculated from its power generation supplier;efficiency (𝜂𝑐𝑎𝑝 [%]) obtained from 2) measurement by the project
manufacturer’s specification

participants;

The power generation efficiency based on 3) regional or national default values;
lower heating value (LHV) of the captive 4) IPCC default values provided inpower generation system from the table 1.4 of Ch.1 Vol.2 of 2006 IPCC
manufacturer’s specification is applied;𝐸𝐹𝑒𝑙𝑒𝑐 = 3.6 ×100× 𝐸𝐹𝑓𝑢𝑒𝑙,𝑐𝑎𝑝
𝜂𝑐𝑎𝑝GuidelinesonNationalGHG

Inventories. Upper value is applied.
For the option b)b) Calculated from measured dataThepowergeneration

Generated and supplied electricity byefficiency the captive power generation system

calculated from monitored data of the connected to the biomass boiler(s)amount of fuel input for power generation (𝐸𝐺𝑐𝑎𝑝,𝑝 [MWh/p]).
(𝐹𝐶𝑐𝑎𝑝,𝑝) and the amount of electricity Fuel amount consumed by the captivegenerated (𝐸𝐺𝑐𝑎𝑝,𝑝) during the monitoring power generation system connected toperiod p is applied. The measurement is the biomass boiler(s) (𝐹𝐶𝑐𝑎𝑝,𝑝 [mass orconductedwiththemonitoring volume/p]).
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equipment to which calibration certificate Net

calorificvalue(𝑁𝐶𝑉𝑓𝑢𝑒𝑙,𝑐𝑎𝑝

is issued by an entity accredited under [GJ/mass or volume]) and CO2
national/international standards;

emission factor of the fuel (𝐸𝐹𝑓𝑢𝑒𝑙,𝑐𝑎𝑝

𝐸𝐹𝑒𝑙𝑒𝑐 = 𝐹𝐶𝑐𝑎𝑝,𝑝 × 𝑁𝐶𝑉𝑓𝑢𝑒𝑙,𝑐𝑎𝑝[tCO2/GJ]) in order of preference:× 𝐸𝐹𝑓𝑢𝑒𝑙,𝑐𝑎𝑝 ×

1
𝐸𝐺𝑐𝑎𝑝,𝑝1) values provided by the fuelsupplier;2) measurement by the project

Where:

participants;

𝑁𝐶𝑉𝑓𝑢𝑒𝑙,𝑐𝑎𝑝 : Net calorific value of the fuel 3) regional or national default values;
consumedbythecaptivepower 4) IPCC default values provided ingeneration system connected to the boiler tables 1.2 and 1.4 of Ch.1 Vol.2 of[GJ/mass or volume]

2006 IPCC Guidelines on National
GHG Inventories. Upper value isc) Conservative default value:applied.

A value of 1.3 tCO2/MWh may be
applied.

For the option c)
CDM methodological tool “TOOL
05: Baseline, project and/or leakage
emissionsfromconsumption

andelectricity
monitoringof

electricity generation, version 03.0”

NCVfuel,PJ,iNet calorific value of fossil fuel used by In the order of preference:the project biomass boiler(s) for the fuel a) values provided by the fueltype i [GJ/mass or volume]

supplier;b) measurement by the projectparticipants;c) regional or national default values;ord) IPCC default values provided intable 1.2 of Ch.1 Vol.2 of 2006 IPCC
Guidelines

onNational

GHG

Inventories. Upper value is applied.

EFfuel,PJ,i

CO2 emission factor of fossil fuel used by In order of preference:the project biomass boiler(s) for the fuel a) values provided by the fueltype i [tCO2/GJ]

supplier;b) measurement by the project
participants;
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JCM_TH_F_PM_ver01.0c) regional or national default values;ord) IPCC default values provided intable 1.4 of Ch.1 Vol.2 of 2006 IPCC
Guidelines

onNational

GHG

Inventories. Upper value is applied.

EFtr

CO2emission

factorforbiomass CDM methodological tool “TOOL

transportation [tCO2/(t‧km)]

12: Project and leakage emissions
from transportation of freight, version

The default value in the following table is 01.1.0”
applied.
Vehicle class

EFtr [tCO2/(t‧km)]

Light vehicles

0.000245Heavy vehicles

0.000129

Light vehicles: Vehicles with a grossvehicle mass being less or equal to 26
tonnes.
Heavy vehicles: Vehicles with a grossvehicle mass being higher than 26 tonnes.
If both vehicle classes are used in theproject, the larger value (0.000245
tCO2/(t‧km)) is applied.

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