THE 1st JAPAN WORKSHOP ON ENHANCEMENT OF
EARTHQUAKE AND TSUNAMI DISASTER MITIGACION TECHNOLOGY
LIMA, MARCH 1515-16, 2010

THE OBLIGATORY OFFICIAL TECHNICAL AUDITSAPPLIED DURING MORE THAN FIFTY YEARS FORTHE EARTHQUAKE SAFETY ON THE CONSTRUCTION
OF SAN JUAN, ARGENTINA
Juan S. Carmona
Universidad Nacional de San Juan – Argentina
Profesor Honorario de la U.N.I. – Lima - PerúMAXIMUM SEISMIC INTENSITIESCERESIS - 1985
LIMASAN JUAN

“WHERE IT FELT EARTHQUAKE, IT WILL BE FELT AGAIN THERE”
PLINIO THE OLD (roman naturalist, first century)

EARTHQUAKE January 15, 1944- M=7,2GREAT DAMAGE ON THE CITY OF SAN JUAN, ARGENTINA,8 a 10000 DEATHS , 15% OF ITS POPULATION
epicentraldistance ≈ 30 km

MERCALLI INTENSITY: IX

EARTHQUAKE January 15, 1944- M=7,2THE CATHEDRAL OF THE CITY OF SAN JUAN
epicentral distance ≈ 30 km

THE INTERIOR AFTERTHE EARTHQUAKEPARTIAL COLAPSE ON
EXTERNAL WALL

BEFORE THE EARTHQUAKEAFTER THIS 1944 DISASTER, THE NATIONAL
GOVERNMENT OF ARGENTINE CREATED THE
COUNCIL FOR THE SAN JUAN RECONSTRUCTIONBEETWEEN ITS ACTIVITIES, WERE INCLUDED TODICTATE A SEISMIC BUILDING CODE AND TO SUPERVISEITS EFFECTIVE USE IN THE DESIGN AND BUILD STEPS OFALL TYPES OF PRIVATE AND OFFICIAL CONSTRUCTIONS.
TO THIS PURPOSE, ONE SELECTED GROUP OF OFFICIALPROFESSIONALS SUPERVISED THAT THE ASSUMPTIONSAPPLIED ON THE DESIGN PLANS AND THE TECHNICSUSED TO BUILD THE CONSTRUCTIONCONSTRUCTION, WERE INCORRESPONDENCE WITH THE SEISMIC CODE.
THUS,THE OBLIGATORY OFFICIAL TECHNICAL AUDITS WEREIMPLEMENTED.

DURING NOVEMBER 1977, THE FULLFULL-TEST OF THE
EARTHQUAKE DISASTER MITIGATIONTECHNOLOGY APPLIED IN SAN JUAN AFTER THE
JANUARY 15, 1944 EARTHQUAKE, OCCURRED.

EARTHQUAKE November 23, 1977- M=7,4SAN JUAN CITY, epicentral distance ≈ 60 km , IMM = VIIICAUCETE CITY, epicentral distance ≈ 30km , IMM = IX

EARTHQUAKE November 23, 1977- M=7,4

CITY OF SAN JUAN (epicentral distance ≈ 60 km , IMM=VIII)
NEITHER BUILDING COLAPSED NOR DEATHS OCCURRED

EARTHQUAKE November 23, 1977- M=7,4SEISMOSCOPE IN I.D.I.A.
SA= 0,26g

CITY OF SAN JUANCAUCETEWILMOT TYPE SEISMOSCOPE
EQUIVALENCE OF
MERCALLI INTENSITYWITH AMPLITUDE OFTHE RECORD ON
WILMOT SEISMOSCOPEIMMSA(SisW)
VI 0,08g
VII 0,15g
VIII 0,30g
IX0,60g
X1,20gMECHANICAL VIBRATORY LINEAL SYSTEMPERIOD: 0,7 seg. ; 10% DAMPINGEARTHQUAKE November 23, 1977- M=7,4CITY OF SAN JUAN - ENET Nº4 BUILDING SCHOOLFIRST FLOOR WITHOUT WALLS - IMPORTANT DAMAGE ON COLUMNSepicentral distance ≈ 60 km , IMM = VIIILESSON LEARNED AND THEN INCLUDED ITS CONSIDERATION IN THE CODEEARTHQUAKE November 23, 1977- M=7,4

BERMEJO TOWNEPICENTRAL AREATHE TOTAL DESTRUCTIONON ADOBE HOUSES SEVERAL
DEATHS CAUSEDIMM ≈ IX - X

WITHOUT DAMAGE,SUCCESSFUL TEST

EARTHQUAKE November 23, 1977- M=7,4
CRISTO REY CHURCH
ONLY MINOR DAMAGE

CAUCETE CITY
epicentral distance ≈30km
IMM = IXWILMOT SEISMOSCOPE
SA 00, 55
SA=55gDESIGNED WITH HORIZONTAL FORCES FROM Cs= 0,15

EARTHQUAKE November 23, 1977- M=7,4
CAUCETE CITY
epicentral distance ≈30km
IMM = IXWILMOT SEISMOSCOPE
SA 00, 55
SA=55gSEGURA WINERYCOLAPSEDHIGH DENSITY OF STEEL REINFORCEMENTS IN COLUMNSLESSON LEARNED AND THEN INCLUDED ITS CONSIDERATION IN THE CODE

EARTHQUAKE November 23, 1977- M=7,4
CAUCETE CITY
epicentral distance ≈30km
IMM= IXWILMOTSEISMOSCOPE
SA= 0, 55g“ESCUELA NORMAL”
SCHOOL BUILDINGGREAT DAMAGE WITH
PARTIAL COLAPSESBUILDING WITHOUT THE OBLIGATORY OFFICIAL TECHNICAL AUDITSEARTHQUAKE November 23, 1977- M=7,4
CAUCETE CITY
epicentral distance ≈30km
IMM= IXWILMOT SEISMOSCOPE
SA= 0, 55g“ESCUELA NORMAL”
SCHOOL BUILDINGBRITTLE RUPTURE OF
HOLLOW BRICKS WALL

SHORT COLUMN EFFECTLESSON LEARNED AND THEN INCLUDED ITS CONSIDERATION IN THE CODE

EARTHQUAKE November 23, 1977- M=7,4
CAUCETE CITYepicentral distance ≈30km
IMM= IX- X“ESCUELA VIEYTES”SCHOOL BUILDINGPARTIAL COLAPSEDWILMOTSEISMOSCOPE
SA= 0,75-0,80g
SHORT COLUMN EFFECT – SCARCE STIRRUPLESSON LEARNED AND THEN INCLUDED ITS CONSIDERATION IN THE CODEENSAYOS EN MURO REACTIVOPANELES DE MAMPOSTERIA EN ESCALA NATURALAPLICACIÓN DE FUERZAS HORIZONTALES ALTERNATIVASINSTITUTO DE INVESTIGACIONES ANTISISMICASUNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE SAN JUANWITH THE LESSONS LEARNED AND OTHER STUDIESEARTHQUAKE BUILDING CODE OF ARGENTINAINPRES--CIRSOC 103
INPRESSEISMIC ZONESUP TO THE DATE, THE EARTHQUAKES ARE NOTPREDICTABLES AND THEY OCCUR SUDDENLY.
IF AN EARTHQUAKE OCCURS,OCCURS IT IS IMPOSSIBLETO AVOID INMEDIATLY THEIR DESTRUCTIVEEFFECTS.
ONE OF THE BEST TOOLS TO MITIGATE THEEARTHQUAKE EFFECTS, IS TO APPLIED THEOBLIGATORY OFFICIAL TECHNICAL AUDITS TOTHE DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF THEBUILDINGS ON SEISMIC AREAS.

A LAS DISTINGUIDAS AUTORIDADES de la
UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE INGENIERIA, de su
FACULTAD DE INGENIERIA CIVIL y del CISMIDMUY HONRADO POR VUESTRA INVITACION YNUESTROS MEJORES AUGURIOS PARA ESTANUEVA ETAPA DE ACTIVIDADES DEL CISMID !!!
marzo del 2010

LIMA – PERU – junio de 1960

II SIMPOSIO PANAMERICANO DE ESTRUCTURASUNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE INGENIERIALIMA--PERULIMAPERU-enero de 1964

PALACIO DE PIZARROPresidente Arq. BELAUNDE TERRYLIMA – PERU – junio de 2007

RECTOR U.N.I. – Ing. MORALESPROFESOR HONORARIO U.N.I. – Ing. JUAN S. CARMONAPISCO- 19 de Agosto de 2007

ESTIMADOS COLEGASMUCHAS GRACIAS POR SU
PACIENCIA !!!