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Joint Crediting Mechanism Approved Methodology TH_AM010“Energy Saving by Introduction of High Efficiency Once-through Boiler and Installationof Economizer into Existing Boiler”

A. Title of the methodology
Energy Saving by Introduction of High Efficiency Once-through Boiler and Installation ofEconomizer into Existing Boiler, Version 01.0

B. Terms and definitions
Terms
Once-through boiler

Definitions
A once-through boiler is a boiler without recirculation
where water/steam flows through the economizer, furnacewall, and evaporating and superheating tubes, sequentially.
Once-through (OT) boiler is used to supply heat in factoryand commercial facility.

Periodical check

Periodical check is a scheduled examination of the project
boiler conducted by manufacturer or agent who isauthorized by the manufacturer in order to maintainperformance of the boiler.

Boiler efficiency

Boiler efficiency is the percentage of heat quantity used togenerate steam against total heat quantity provided by afuel.

Economizer

Economizer is a mechanical device that recovers andtransfers the heat from the boiler exhaust gases to theincoming boiler feed water, which increases the overallboiler’s thermal efficiency.

C. Summary of the methodology
Items
GHGemission

Summary
reduction This methodology covers one or both of the following two1

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measuresmeasures: (1) the introduction of high efficiency oncethrough boiler (hereinafter called “project boiler (OT)”)and (2) the installation of economizer into existing boiler(hereinafter called “project boiler (EC)”).
(1) Compared with the fire tube boilers which dominate
Thailand market (hereinafter called “reference boiler(OT)”), the efficiency of “project boiler (OT)” is higher
and its fuel consumption is lower.
(2) Through the installation of economizer to the existingboiler, feed water to the boiler is preheated by using
exhaust gas heat from the boiler. It will contribute to
the reduction of fuel consumptions of existing boiler
without economizer (hereinafter called “referenceboiler (EC)”).
Thus, the introduction of once-through boiler and theinstallation of economizer into the existing boiler willcontribute to GHG emission reduction.

Calculation
emissionsofreference Reference emissions are calculated from one or both of thefollowing two measures: (1) the introduction of oncethrough boiler, and (2) the installation of economizer into
the existing boiler.
(1) Reference emissions for the introduction of oncethrough boiler (hereinafter called “reference emissions(OT)”) are calculated based on the efficiency of theboiler currently dominant in the Thailand market andemission factor of the fuel of reference boiler (OT).
Conservative estimation of reference emission (OT) ismade by taking into consideration the followingpoints: (i) higher efficiency is applied for the referenceboiler (OT), especially in low load range (ii) lower
CO2 emission factor of fuel used in reference boiler(OT) is selected from IPCC guideline.
(2) Reference emissions for the installation of economizer
into existing boiler (hereinafter called “referenceemissions (EC)”) are calculated based on theefficiency of reference boiler (EC) and emission factor2

JCM_TH_AM010_ver01.0
Sectoral scope: 03of the fuel of reference boiler (EC). Conservative
estimation of reference emission (EC) is made bytaking into consideration that lower CO2 emission
factor is selected from IPCC guideline with regard to
the fuel used in reference boiler (EC).
Calculation of project emissions

Project emissions are calculated from one or both of thefollowing two measures: (1) the introduction of oncethrough boiler, and (2) the installation of economizer into
existing boiler.
(1) Project emissions for the introduction of once-throughboiler (hereinafter called “project emissions (OT)”) arecalculated on the basis of monitored fuel consumption
and emission factor of the fuel of project boiler (OT).
(2) Project emissions for the installation of economizer
into existing boiler (hereinafter called “projectemissions (EC)”) are calculated on the basis ofmonitored fuel consumption and emission factor of thefuel of project boiler (EC).

Monitoring parameters- The amount of fuel consumption of project boiler (OT)- The amount of fuel consumption of project boiler (EC)

D. Eligibility criteria
This methodology is applicable to projects that satisfy all of the following criteria.
Criterion 1

Projects involve implementation of one or both of the following two energy
efficiency improvement measures: the introduction of once-through boiler andthe installation of economizer into existing boiler.

Criterion 2

For projects that involve the introduction of once-through boiler, the project
boiler (OT) is a once-through boiler with a rated capacity of 7 ton/hour per unit
or less (equivalent evaporation).

Criterion 3

For projects that involve the installation of economizer into existing boiler, thefuel for the project boiler (EC) shall not be heavy oil nor coal.

Criterion 4

Periodical check and maintenance by the manufacturer of boiler or authorized
agent is implemented in accordance with the manufacturer’s requirement.

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E. Emission Sources and GHG types
Reference emissions
Emission sources

GHG types

Fuel consumption by reference boiler (OT)CO2Fuel consumption by reference boiler (EC)

CO2

Project emissions
Emission sources

GHG types

Fuel consumption by project boiler (OT)CO2Fuel consumption by project boiler (EC)CO2

F. Establishment and calculation of reference emissions
F.1. Establishment of reference emissions
This methodology involves implementation of one or both of the following two energy
efficiency improvement measures: (1) the introduction of once-through boiler, and (2) theinstallation of economizer into existing boiler. Therefore, reference emissions are calculated
from one or both of the following two measures, depending on the measures implemented bythe project.
(1) The emissions from reference boilers (OT):The reference emissions (OT) are calculated based on the efficiency of the fire tube boilers
which dominate the Thailand boiler market for industries and emission factor of the fuelof reference boiler (OT). In order to ensure the net emission reductions, a higher efficiencyof the reference boiler (89%) is adopted as a default value to calculate the reference
emissions (OT). In addition, 1) compared with reference boiler (OT), once-through boiler(project boiler (OT)) can maintain high efficiency even at low load range, which improves
the operating efficiency of project boiler (OT). In addition, to calculate the reference
emissions (OT) in a conservative manner, the lower emission factor stated in 2006 IPCC
guideline is adopted to secure the net emission reductions from this measure.
(2) The emissions from reference boiler (EC)The reference emissions (EC) are calculated based on the efficiency of reference boiler(EC) and project boiler (EC) with the emission factor of the fuel of reference boiler (EC).
The efficiency of project boiler (EC) is improved by the heat recovery function ofeconomizer. The efficiencies of reference boiler (EC) and project boiler (EC) are provided

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in the specifications of each boiler given by boiler manufacture or supplier.

F.2. Calculation of reference emissions

REp = ∑ ∑ (FCp,i,j,PJ(OT) × NCVi,j,PJ(OT) ×𝑖𝑗∑ ∑ (FCp,i,j,PJ(EC) × NCVi,j,PJ(EC) ×𝑖REp𝑗

ηi,PJ(OT)× EFRE(OT) ) +ηRE(OT)

ηi,PJ(EC)× EFj,RE(EC) )ηi,RE(EC): Reference emissions during the period p [tCO2/p]

FCp,i,j,PJ(OT) : The amount of fuel consumption of project boiler (OT) i for the fuel type j during
the period p [mass or volume unit/p]NCVi,j,PJ(OT) : Net calorific value of fuel used by project boiler (OT) i for the fuel type j[GJ/mass or volume unit]
ηi,PJ(OT): Efficiency of project boiler (OT) i [-]ηRE(OT): Efficiency of reference boiler (OT) [-]EFRE(OT): CO2 emission factor of fuel used by reference boiler (OT) [tCO2/GJ]

FCp,i,j,PJ(EC) : The amount of fuel consumption of project boiler (EC) i for the fuel type j during
the period p [mass or volume unit/p]NCVi,j,PJ(EC) : Net calorific value of fuel used by project boiler (EC) i for the fuel type j[GJ/mass or volume unit]
EFj,RE(EC) : CO2 emission factor of fuel used by reference boiler (EC) for the fuel type j[tCO2/GJ]
ηi,PJ(EC): Efficiency of project boiler (EC) i [-]ηi,RE(EC): Efficiency of reference boiler (EC) i [-]G. Calculation of project emissions

PEp = ∑ ∑(FCp,i,j,PJ(OT) × NCVi,j,PJ(OT) × EFi,j,PJ(OT) )i𝑗+ ∑ ∑(FCp,i,j,PJ(EC) × NCVi,j,PJ(EC) × EFi,j,PJ(EC) )𝑖PEp𝑗: Project emissions during the period p [tCO2/p]

FCp,i,j,PJ(OT) : The amount of fuel consumption of project boiler (OT) i for the fuel type j during5

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the period p [mass or volume unit]
NCVi,j,PJ(OT) : Net calorific value of fuel used by project boiler (OT) i for the fuel type j[GJ/mass or volume unit]: CO2 emission factor of fuel used by project boiler (OT) i for the fuel type j

EFi,j,PJ(OT)[tCO2/GJ]
FCp,i,j,PJ(EC) : The amount of fuel consumption of project boiler (EC) i for the fuel type j during
the period p [mass or volume unit]
NCVi,j,PJ(EC) : Net calorific value of fuel used by project boiler (EC) i for the fuel type j[GJ/mass or volume unit]
EFi,j,PJ(EC) : CO2 emission factor of fuel used by project boiler (EC) i for the fuel type j[tCO2/GJ]

H. Calculation of emissions reductions
𝐄𝐑 𝐩 = 𝐑𝐄𝐩 − 𝐏𝐄𝐩
ER p: Emission reductions during the period p [tCO2/p]

REp: Reference emissions during the period p [tCO2/p]

PEp: Project emissions during the period p [tCO2/p]

I. Data and parameters fixed ex ante
The source of each data and parameter fixed ex ante is listed as below.
Parameter

Description of dataSource

NCVi,j,PJ(OT)

Net calorific value of fuel used by(1) Net calorific value (lower heating

project boiler (OT) i for the fuelvalue) provided by fuel supplier,type j [GJ/mass or volume unit](2) IPCC default values at the lower
limit in Table 1.2 of Chapter 1 of Vol. 2
of “2006 IPCC Guidelines for National
GHG Inventories” (when (1) is notavailable, apply (2))

NCVi,j,PJ(EC)

Net calorific value of fuel used by (1) Net calorific value (lower heating
project boiler (EC) i for the fuel type value) provided by fuel supplier,j [GJ/mass or volume unit](2) IPCC default values at the lower

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limit in Table 1.2 of Chapter 1 of Vol. 2
of “2006 IPCC Guidelines for National
GHG Inventories” (when (1) is notavailable, apply (2))
EFi,j,PJ(OT)

CO2 emission factor of fuel used by IPCC default values in Table 1.4 ofproject boiler (OT) i for the fuel type Chapter 1 of Vol. 2 of “2006 IPCC
j [tCO2/GJ]

GuidelinesforNational

GHG

Inventories”
EFRE(OT)

CO2 emission factor of fuel used by IPCC default values at the lower limit in
the reference boiler (OT) [tCO2/GJ]

Table 1.4 of Chapter 1 of Vol. 2 from“2006 IPCC Guidelines for National

In case the project boiler replaces the GHG Inventories”
existing boiler, or the planned boiler
whoseplan is once approved

officially, such as with boiler
installation permit or environmental
impact assessment, CO2 emission
factor of the fuel used by the existingor planned boiler is applied.
Otherwise, the value of the fuel usedby the project boiler (OT) i isapplied.
EFi,j,PJ(EC)

CO2 emission factor of fuel used by IPCC default values in Table 1.4 ofproject boiler (EC) i for the fuel type Chapter 1 of Vol.2 of “2006 IPCC
j [tCO2/GJ]

Guidelines for National Greenhouse
Gas Inventories”

EFj,RE(EC)CO2 emission factor of fuel used by IPCC default values at the lower limit inreference boiler (EC) for the fuel Table 1.4 of Chapter 1 of Vol. 2 fromtype j [tCO2/GJ]“2006 IPCC Guidelines for National
GHG Inventories”

ηi,PJ(OT)

Efficiency of project boiler (OT) i

Specifications of the project boiler or[-]factory test data of the project boiler bythe manufacturer

ηRE(OT)

Efficiency of reference boiler (OT) Default value in the methodology[-]
The default value of ηRE is set as7

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89% in this methodology.
ηi,PJ(EC)

Efficiency of project boiler (EC) i [-] Specifications,boiler

performance

sheets, or test data of project boiler (EC)by the boiler manufacturer or supplierηi,RE(EC)

Efficiency of reference boiler (EC) i Specifications,[-]boilerperformance

sheet, or test data of reference boiler(EC) by the boiler manufacturer orsupplier

History of the document
VersionDate

Contents revised

01.0

28 September 2020

Electronic decision by the Joint Committee
Initial approval.

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