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Joint Crediting Mechanism Approved Methodology ET_AM002“Electrification by photovoltaic power generation in Ethiopia”
A. Title of the methodology
Electrification by photovoltaic power generation in Ethiopia, ver01.0

B. Terms and definitions
Terms

Definitions

Photovoltaic power generation

An electricity generation system which converts sunlightsystem (PV)into electricity by the use of photovoltaic (PV) modules. The
system also includes ancillary equipment such as inverters
required to change the electrical current from direct current(DC) to alternating current (AC).

Recipient

Facilities that receive and consume the electricity generated
by the project, e.g. households, public buildings, small officeor production facility.

C. Summary of the methodology
Items
GHG

emission

Summary
reduction Displacement of electricity using diesel fuel and/or lighting

measuresCalculation

using kerosene by installation and operation of the PV.
ofreference Reference emissions are calculated on the basis of theemissions

consumption of electricity generated by the PV multiplied byemission factor of diesel or kerosene.

Calculationofproject The project does not assume any project emissions.

emissionsMonitoring parameters The actual amount of electricity consumed by all therecipients (Calculation method 1).
 The actual amount of electricity consumed by each recipient(Calculation method 2).

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D. Eligibility criteria
This methodology is applicable to projects that satisfy all of the following criteria.
Criterion 1

The project newly installs the PV1 to supply electricity for recipients, who are
not connected to national grid and who have not used renewable electricity until
the earliest date of construction for the project.

Criterion 2

The total capacity of PV installed by the project is less than 135 kW.2

Criterion 3

The PV modules have obtained a certification of design qualifications (IEC61215, IEC 61646 or IEC 62108) and safety qualification (IEC 61730-1 and IEC61730-2).

E. Emission Sources and GHG types
Reference emissions
Emission sources

GHG types

Fuel consumption by kerosene lamps

CO2

Fuel consumption by electricity generation

CO2

Project emissions
Emission sources

GHG types

Generation of electricity from PV

N/AF. Establishment and calculation of reference emissions
F.1. Establishment of reference emissions
The project is executed in the off-grid area. Therefore, the reference scenario assumes theemissions due to electricity supplied by diesel generation unit or kerosene lamps.
In order to achieve net emission reductions, the reference emissions are calculated based upon
the conservatively selected emission factors for diesel generation unit based on Table 2 in CDM
1This methodology is also applicable to projects which newly install PVs together with the“micro hydropower generation unit” as defined by the latest version of ET_AM001,“Electrification of communities using Micro hydropower generation”.
2
In the case mentioned in footnote 1, the total capacity of the project is determined as the sum of
the capacity of the units installed under this methodology and “micro hydropower generationunit” as defined in ET_AM001.
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approved small scale methodology, AMS-I.F by applying the lowest value within the next
higher capacity range of diesel generators to that of the project generation systems.
Accordingly, in the case of xp< 35 (xp: the total capacity of the project generation systems[kW]2), the emission factor of 1.0 [tCO2/MWh] is applied, which is the lowest value within therange of 35 ≤xd< 135 (xd: the capacity of the diesel generator systems [kW]) in the table. In thecase of 35 ≤xp<135, the emission factor 0.8 [tCO2/MWh] is applied, which is the lowest value
within the range of 135 ≤xd< 200.

F.2. Calculation of reference emissions
If electricity consumption of each recipient is monitored, the Calculation method 2 can beapplied as necessary. If each is not monitored, the Calculation method 1 is applied.
Calculation method 1

RE p = ECtotal , p ´ EFCO 2
Where:RE p

Reference emissions during the period p [tCO2/p]

ECtotal , p

Total electricity consumption by all the recipients during the period p[MWh/p]3

EFCO 2CO2 emission factor of the diesel generation unit [tCO2/MWh]Calculation method 2
Mp

RE p = å REi , pi =1v b = (v y / 365) ´ p3

In the case mentioned in footnote 1, these electricity consumptions include the electricity
supplied by “micro hydropower generation unit” defined by the ET_AM001, and the consumed
electricity generated by the PV and the “micro hydropower generation unit” can be monitored
collectively.
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In case of ECi,p ≤ vb

REi , p = ECi , p ´ EFCO 2, FUELIn case of ECi,p > vb

REi , p = vb ´ EFCO 2, FUEL + ( ECi , p - vb ) ´ EFCO 2
Where:

RE p

Reference emissions during the period p [tCO2/p]

pThe period of the monitoring [day]REi , pReference emissions of the recipient i during the period p [tCO2/p]

Mp

The number of the recipients in the project activity during the period pvb

The threshold of the electricity consumption for the recipient i during theperiod p [MWh], accounted as displacement of kerosene lamps.
The minimum electricity consumption for lighting per recipient per year

vy[MWh], the default value is 0.055 [MWh].

ECi , pElectricity consumption of the recipient i during the period p [MWh/p]3

EFCO 2, FUEL CO2 emission factor of the lighting by kerosene lamps [tCO2/MWh]

EFCO 2CO2 emission factor of the diesel generation unit [tCO2/MWh]

G. Calculation of project emissions
There are no project emissions.
PE p = 0
Where:
PEp

Project emissions during the period p [tCO2/p]

H. Calculation of emissions reductions
Emission reductions are calculated as the difference between the reference emissions andproject emissions, as follows.
ER p = RE p - PE p
Where:
ERp

Emission reductions during the period p [tCO2/p]

REp

Reference emissions during the period p [tCO2/p]4

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PEp

Project emissions during the period p [tCO2/p]

I. Data and parameters fixed ex ante
The source of each data and parameter fixed ex ante is listed as below.
Parameter
EFCO2

Description of dataSource

CO2 emission factor of the diesel generation Refer to the available value inunit [tCO2/MWh]“Table 2. Emission factors fordiesel generator systems (inIn the case of xp< 35 (xp: the total capacity [kg CO2e/kWh]) for threeof the project generation systems [kW]2), different levels of load
the emission factor of 1.0 [tCO2/MWh] is factors” of CDM approved
applied. In the case of 35 ≤xp<135, the small scale methodology
emission factor 0.8 [tCO2/ MWh] is applied.

AMS-I.F.
This parameter is determinedat the time of validation inaccordance with the latest
version of the above source.

EFCO 2, FUEL

CO2 emission factor of the lighting by

Refer to the available value ofkerosene lamps [tCO2/MWh]the CDM Methodology,AMS-I.L. “Electrification of

Default value: 6.8 [tCO2/MWh]rural communities using
renewable energy”.
This parameter is determinedat the time of validation inaccordance with the latest
version of the above source.

vyThe minimum electricity consumption for

Refer to the available value inlighting per recipient per year [MWh]the CDM Methodology,(Two 15W CFLs which are equivalent toAMS-I.L “Electrification ofkerosene lamp run for 5 [hrs/day] for 365

rural communities usingdays consuming 0.055 [MWh])renewable energy”.
This parameter is determined

Default value: 0.055 [MWh]at the time of validation inaccordance with the latest
version of the above source.

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History of the document
Version01.0

Date21 March 2017Contents revised
JC3, Annex 2
Initial approval.

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