Historical chronology

MOOSWALD

No
rd

Flugplatz

48. Residence of Prof. Husserl, Lorettostraße 40

B3
uher Str.

ng

erg
ri

Günterstalstr.

43

Lorettoberg

Günterstal

Luisenhöhe

Au

ossb

Schl

nstr.

Werthman

Höllentalbahn

HorbenSt. Valentin

1870

Inauguration of the synagogue on the rampartson the edge of the Medieval city centre. Setting
up of the Jewish cemetery on Elsässer Straße.

1914

Gift from the property broker Jakob Nelson to
the city of Freiburg: properties at Hugerberg,with the intention that a home for invalids be
erected on these properties.

44. “Herdern” pharmacy, Habsburgerstraße 59
The owner of the pharmacy was Julius Friedberger.
He died in the Dachau concentration camp in 1938.

47. New Jewish cemetery in St. Georgen, Tiengener
Straße, next to the general cemetery St. Georgen.

2. Weberstraße/Wasserstraße residential quarteron the Sickingen plan

46. . Friedrich Bloch bakery until 1938, Colmarer Straße 8(formerly Breisacher Straße 15). Master baker Block wasdeported to Gurs in 1940, and murdered in 1942 at the age
of 54

1394

New beginning and ostracism at the sametime: Duke Leopold of Austria forced all Jews toHöllental
wear special
Titiseeclothes: single coloured cloth coats
and large
striped horned skull caps.
B 31

Schauinsland
1411© FWTM 2012

© FWTM 2012
All rights reserved. Reproduction only permittedwith the prior permission of FWTM.

45. Hebelschule, Eschholzstraße/Engelbergerstraße 2(entrance via the side entrance at Eschholzstraße).
At the main entrance: memorial plaque to remember thedeportation of Baden, Palatinate and Saarland Jews on 22
and 23 October 1940 by the Nazis.

1385

New proceedings against the Jews, triggeredby an incident in Diessenhofen, where a Jew
Littenweiler“admits” under torture that he killed a ChristianWaldsee1401 child. The Freiburg council had the Jews
St. Barbara arrested. Duke Leopold of Austria prevented
an imminent pogrom for a corresponding
Brombergkopf
settlement payment. Expulsion of the Jews
from Freiburg.

ST. GEORGENSTÜHLINGER

The city accepted the doctor Gutleben andhis sons from Colmar with their families
and “servants” as residents, in return forcorrespondingly high fees.
There
was once again a synagogue and approx.
Ebnet
60 Jewish residents in Freiburg. The community
has its own school master (rabbi) and doctor.

aße
SchwarzwaldstrZÄHRINGEN

15. Former private bank Elias Mayer

Eradication of the first Israelite communityof the city. Even before the plague broke out
in Freiburg in the summer of 1349, after an
unfair trial due to a well poisoning by a Jew,
the members of the community were burnt on
the “Galgen and Rädle Matte” on Basler Straße.
Only the twelve richest Jews, pregnant womenand children were spared and the children werecompulsorily baptised.

StadionSchauinslandbahn

KappelRight
to reside and trade licence for individualJews for correspondingly high fees.

All rights reserved. Reproduction only permittedwith the prior permission of FWTM.

History of the third Israelite community
Founding of the liberal “Israelite religious
community” of Freiburg, at Münsterplatz, today
rear building to Schusterstraße 27.

1914 –
36 Freiburg Jews fell in the First World War.
1918
Founding of the Jewish agricultural association“Pflug”; building up and maintenance of1919 – the teaching property “Markenhof” near
1925 Kirchzarten, on the initiative of the wire andcable manufacturer Konrad Goldmann. It wasseen as a pioneer project.

1925/
Rebuilding and expansion of the synagogue.
1926
1933

Start of National Socialist propaganda against
the Jews: boycott of Jewish shops, lawyers anddoctors. Work ban for Jewish lawyers.

1935

Nuremberg Race Laws. Further laws as a result:
Jewish school, loss of nationality, etc.

1938

9/10 November. Destruction of the synagogue;
52 Jewish men arrested, incarcerated in
the granary, and deported to the Dachau
concentration camp.

Deportation of the Jews from Freiburg to theGurs internment camp, South of France; from
22./23.
1942: transports from Gurs to Auschwitz. In
Oct. Freiburg, 450 people were affected by the1940 deportation to Gurs; 71 people remained
behind.

1942 –
Deportation to Theresienstadt.
1945

Setting up of a memorial for the victims of2003 –
National Socialism amongst the members of2005 the University of Freiburg.
2004

Laying of “stumbling blocks” to remember thevictims of the Nazi regime.

2011

Since the autumn, the Lienhart bakery has
supplied and sold kosher bread.

2013

Opening and inauguration of the day care
centre “Shalom”, the first educational facility
since 1945.

Founding of associations andcharities, self-assertion
1881“Israelite women’s association” wasintegrated in the municipal welfare work.

1882 –
1937“Breisgauer Loge B’nai B’rith” order fromthe tradition of the freemasons; “sister
lodge” for women.

1884 –
1920

Setting up of an Israeli orphan fund.

1884

Loan association.

1885/
1886

“Gustav and Dr. Robert Weil foundation
for tuberculosis sufferers”.

1887“Reading circle” under the chairmanshipof the brush manufacturer D. J. Dukas.

1892“Mendelssohn Association” – chairman:
brush manufacturer Samuel Nelson.

1890“Association for the promotion of crafts
and technical professions amongst the
Israelites” at the instigation of the thencommunity leader B. Dukas and under
the chairmanship of Heinrich Rosin. From
1902, it supported an apprentice homefounded in Karlsruhe.

1890“Workers health insurance associationand funeral insurance society”.

1919 –
1925

Founding of the Jewish agricultural
association “Pflug”; building up andmaintenance of the teaching property“Markenhof” near Kirchzarten, on
the initiative of the wire and cablemanufacturer Konrad Goldmann. It wasseen as a pioneer project.

History of the fourth Israelite community

1424

Expulsion of the Jews from Freiburg by King
Sigismund.

1520

All Freiburg citizens were forbidden to deal withand trade with Jews. Jews that visited the city
could only move within it when paying to beaccompanied by a council servant.

Sept.
1945

Return of 5 Jews to Freiburg. Out of 1,138 Jewish
Freiburg residents, at least 314 lost their lives.
First Jewish worship service in the historicaldepartment store hall. Founding of the“Israelite State Community South Baden”.

In spite of a settlement ban, the city had to1946

Community space at Hansjakobstraße 8.

1947

The lawyer Robert Grumbach became anhonorary citizen.

1919

Founding of the “Reich Federation of
Jewish Front Soldiers” RjF.

1953

Move to Holbeinstraße 25,
setting up of a prayer room.

1925

Football group “Sport group shield
Freiburg”.

1961

Commemorative plaque put up at the site of
the old synagogue, where a commemoration
for the victims of Kristallnacht now takes place
annually.

1985

Laying of the foundations for the new
synagogue at Nußmannstraße/Engelstraße.

1987

Inauguration of the synagogue.

1700 – allow the army suppliers Oppenheimer and1732 Sintzonheim to open branch offices in the city,
at the demand of the Duchy.

1782

Tolerance edict, Joseph II granted freesettlement in the cities, freedom of school andprofession as far as possible. Equality between
citizens.

1791

First conferral of doctorate (medicine) of the
Jew Semion Hochheimer at the University ofFreiburg.

From The Jews were granted free access to Freiburg,
1806 as well as a temporary residence in the city.
24. Former “Libanon” guesthouse

1862

General law on equality of Jews in Baden.
Resistance from the population, who spoke
against the emancipation of Jews in petitions.

1863

Jugendherberge

rTunnelFounding of the liberal community “Gescher”.
Today, it has around 50 members.

1348

1373

Kapple1998

Mention of a synagogue on Weberstraße/
Wasserstraße 4: the Jews were not forced tosettle in a ghetto.

Schlossberg

Talstr.

1849

Cities and communities were given the rightto issue naturalisation permits themselves.
Many professions were still refused to Jews, e.g.
trades linked to guilds, which was a condition
to be able to receive citizenship.

1338

Due to the failure of the high taxes generated
by the Jews, the Emperor once again granted
1360
the privilege of protection for the Jews. New
St. Ottilien
settlement of Jews.

Leo-W
oh

1991

The Counts Konrad and Friedrich of Freiburg
granted the Freiburg Jews tax exemption for 7
years, and issued the privilege of protection for
80 to 100 people.

Karlsr
ier
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B3
La
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Ba
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43. “Bad Rebhaus” Sanatorium with spa complex
at Wonnhalde, from 1891 to
1933. Its founder was Dr. Max
Daniel Lasker.

Str
.

rra
ch
er

Merzhausen
Schönberg

Schillerstr.

36
Merzhauser Str.

at
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B3

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Aut
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42. Annaplatz. Memorial plaque at the assembly point inWiehre for deportation
Schallstadtto Gurs.

Dreisamstr.

41 40

35 48 37

VaubanJesuitenschloßg

Oberau

39

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Kro
Basler Str. 42

St. Georgen
sel

ldrin

20 Jews now lived in Freiburg.

1281

History of the second Israelite community

r.
-St

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str

Altstadt

Lö

47

Leop
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Basler Landstr.

B 31
B 3/

B3

MünsterSchr
eiberstr. B 31
Lessingstr. B31r.

onalleThermalbad

ubri – 1940 from
Forced classes
for Jewish childrennz1936
nge
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dFreiburg and 11 rural communities – from SMüllheim
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40. Lessingschule commemorative plaque.
Eugen-Keidel

Today, the municipal homeless shelter, the residence forpeople with disabilities and the large glass hall of theformer restaurant, and today’s forestry science research
institute are housed here.

fan
Ste
ee

e
itt

39. House, Schwimmbadstraße 39,
where Hannah Arendt
Mooswald
lived as a philosophy student at the university, from 1925
to 1926. Hannah Arendt was an important German Jewish
historian and social historian.

Bad Rebhaus was very popular with its guests. Apart frommany other famous personalities, Else Lasker-Schüler, an
important German speaking author, often visited.

ka
ll

M

Lotte Bernstein was deported to Lublin (Poland) on 10 June Rieselfeld
1942, and murdered a little later in Sobibór.

Friedrichstr.

arc

er

Hauptbahnhof

Today, it is the guest house of the University of Freiburg.
38. Israelite board school for girls with affiliated state
approved girl’s school, Goethestraße 3, headmistress: Lotte
OpfingenBernstein, Ida Cohn, from 1911 to 1935.

33

1846

The federal government and states decreed an
official immigration regulation for Jews fromthe USSR. First Jewish immigrants from the
USSR. Today, the Jewish religious community inFreiburg has over 730 members.

First indication of Jews settled in Freiburg:
mining, grain trading, financiers to the Counts
of Freiburg. There was a place of worship(“school”) in Wasserstraße.

B3

g
rin

S un
d ga
ualle
e

Opfinger See

During the 1st World War,Bad Rebhaus was used as amilitary hospital.

-M
e

r

Stühlinger aße

Opening of a Jewish guesthouse, which allowed
passing Jews to be provided with kosher food.

1230

30.
Jan.
1349

44

1809

First mention of Jews in Freiburg or surrounding
area.

traße

BreUniklinik
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Klinik fürcheTumorbiologie 46
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Botanischer
Gartengers
sbur

Betzenhausenub

The first stumbling blocks in Freiburg, which remind us of
St. Nikolaus
the victims of National Socialism.

SeeparkZähringen

Hab

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Padu
aalle
e

34

37. Liefmann house Goethestraße. 33.
The family converted to theProtestant
FR-Mittefaith, moved from Hamburg to FreiburgAu
toand bought the villa in 1894. On 22 Ocba
hntober 1940, the siblings Robert, Else andzMartha were deported to Gurs. The Tiergehege
Gestapo seized the house as headquarters.
Mundenhof

Mengen

Brühl

Messe
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FreiburgStr
aß MooswaldeHa

41. Dr. Gertrud Luckner, Catholic, pacifist, honorary citizen of Freiburg, Kirchstraße 4. As an employee of CARITAS,
she primarily dedicated herself to border crossing services
for Jews. Imprisoned by the Gestapo in 1943, she survived
the Ravensbrück concentration camp. After the war, she
dedicated herself to reconciliation and the Christian-Jewish dialogue.

Heuweiler

www.land-in-sicht.de

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Landwasser

36. Villa of the Knopf family (owner ofupthe
tst Knopf departra
ment store, see 18), Beethovenstraße 8, builtßein 1927/1928.

Autobah

Takeover of rule by the Counts of Freiburg.

Wildtal

n
ma

Hu
gs
tet
ter
Str
aß
e

aldalleeosw
MoFreiburg was founded by the Dukes ofZähringen. Shortly after the founding, Jews
appeared in Freiburg as traders.

1218
GlottertaltungGundelfingenr
He

Umkirch35. Former Jewish
student association, “Neo Friburgia”
fraternity house, Basler Straße 44.

Waltershofen

B 294

u SBah
n
K ar
lsru
he

Karlsruhe

Hochdorf

Dr. Adolf Lewin(1843 - 1910), ) was a German Reform rabbi,
historian and author: Geschichte der badischen Juden seit
der Regierung Karl Friedrichs: 1738 – 1909 [History of theBaden Jews since the reign of Charles Frederick: 1738 –
1909], Juden in Freiburg-im-Breisgau [Jews in Freiburg im
Breisgau]

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Aut
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Benzhausen
March

1120

Bre
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FR-NordDenzlingen

www.land-in-sicht.de

Vörstetten

1845, he was the first Jew in Germany who held
a nonBuchheim
tenured professorship for Oriental languages, against theobjections of the university, and in 1861 finally a tenured
Breisgin
professorship
He became particularly
auHeidelberg.
S-BahnHugstetten
well known for the first faithful and complete editionof“ArabianNights”
translated
fromtheoriginal
text.
Gottenheim

WIEHRE

B3

Freiburg & surrounding area

34. Jewish cemetery, Elsässer Straße 35, set up in 1870.
urgGustav& Weilsurroundingarea( 1808 - 1889) was a German orientalist. In

30. Sign at the site of the old synagogue

34. Old Jewish cemetery

39. Schwimmbadstraße 39

18. Knopf department store. Built at theend of the 19th century. Kaiser-Joseph-Straße 192. Today a new building(2013).
19. “Modern” department store until 1936,
Kaiser-Joseph-Straße 208 – 212. The department store wasowned by the Rawitscher family.
20. Optician Berthold Falkenstein,
Kaiser-Joseph-Straße 210. Berthold Falkenstein ran the
optician’s shop until 1938.
21. Kosher guesthouse “Zum Geist”, Grünwälderstraße 12
since 1809. A guesthouse, which allowed passing Jews to
be provided with kosher food. Leased and owned by Heinrich Weil until 1861, later by his son Max Weil, from 1870
kosher butcher’s Leopold Blum.
22. Emil Homburger, lawyer, resistance fighter, Kaiserstraße 141. The contact between persecuted Jews and helpers belonged to Gertrud Luckner’s help network. Murderedin the Buchenwald concentration camp on 8 April 1945.
23. Electrical wholesaler Erich Treifel, Gerberau 7.
24. “Libanon” boarding house with kosher guesthouse(date palm house), Gerberau 2. Owner Henny Schmuckler.

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26. Friedrichsbau, Kaiser-Joseph-Straße 268 –
270, by the architect Arthur Levi. In the left partof the building, the “Levi building”, the “Friedrichsbau cinema” was opened in 1910, theoldest Freiburg cinema, which still exists today.
27. University collegiate building I. There has
been a memorial in the hall since 2005, foralmost 400 university members known by name,who were victims of National Socialism. Edmund
Husserl, professor of philosophy.
28. Butcher’s since 1865, Bertoldstraße 31. The owner Max
Mayer sold kosher meat. The butcher’s shop remained in
the family until 1938.
29. City theatre. Opposite the site of the old synagogue.
Many Jewish members belonged to the Freiburg ensemble. They were dismissed after the season 1933/1934.
The director of the theatre (1924 – 1933) Dr. Max Krüger
was a pacifist and social democrat. Due to the Jewish heritage of his wife Camilla Krüger, nee Davidson, he experienced reprisals.
30. Sign at the site of the old synagogue.
To commemorate the deportation of 350 Freiburg Jews on
22 October 1940 to Gurs in the Pyrenees.

n

Schlossbergrestaurant
Dattler

Schlossbergturm

aß e

Bismarckdenkmal

Greiffeneggschlössle

Kanonenplatz

Oberaut i n e r we gGran atgä ssle

Leo-W
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b-S
tr.
Sch
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str
.

Müh lenstraße

Ka r täu serstraße

Wiehrezur Ju ge ndhe rbe rge© FWTM 2012
All rights reserved. Reproduction only permittedwith the prior permission of FWTM.

31. Birth place of Robert Grumbach (1875 – 1960), Moltkestraße 3. Jewish lawyer, social democrat and city council. Became an honorary citizen of the city of Freiburg im
Breisgau in 1947.
32. Memorial. Forgotten coat with star of David at thestaircase to the Wiwilí bridge (“Blue bridge”) across therailway platforms. Reminder of the deportation of around
375 Freiburg Jews to the Gurs internment camp in theSouth of France. Around 6500 Jews from Baden, Palatinate
and Saarland were deported on 22 October 1940, in thefirst deportation from the German Reich, to the Gurs campon the edge of the Pyrenees.

NEUBURG
32. Lodge house in Röderstraße 4, Jewish freemason’s
lodge for men, later also women, from 1925 to 1937.
33. Paul Ehrlich (1845 - 1915). Albertstraße 18. Commemorative plaque to the German doctor, serologist and immunologist. Nobel prize winner for medicine in 1908.
You can find further locations marked in blue (outside of
the city centre) on the reverse side.

Stumbling blocks by artist Gunter Demnig
SOFIE BLOCH
NEE WACHENHEIMERBORN IN 1898
LIVED HEREDEPORTED TO GURSIN 1940
MURDERED IN
AUSCHWITZ IN 1942

A walk through Jewish Freiburg, compiledby the Gesellschaft für Christlich-Jüdische
Zusammenarbeit Freiburg e.V. [Association for
Christian-Jewish Cooperation Freiburg]

www.land-in-sicht.de

Au gu s

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B 31

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25. Art Nouveau house by the architect Arthur Levi,
Löwenstraße 1. Built in 1908.

10. New synagogue

Lu d we

rd t St r

Hab
sbur
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Röder

str.

el

Museum fürNeue Kunst

Luisenstegera ß eJohanneskirche
H

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Staatsanwaltschaftb

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Naturmuseum
Adelhauser
KircheSchillerstraße
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e

F i s ch e r a u

Dreisamst

Kronenbrücke

ße

r

Str.

Schreiberstr.

Go e th estra ß

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Pauluskirche
Paulussaal

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ße

Augustinermuseum
Augustiner-

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ße

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11

ntorring

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24

r St r a ß e

23Martinstor

H o lzErbprinze nstraße

17. Hotel “Zähringer Hof”, where the composer Felix
Mendelssohn, the grandson of the famous Jewish philosopher, lodged in 1837, stood until 1863 on the site of “Galeria
Kaufhof”, Kaiser-Joseph-Straße 195.

9. Memorial fountain of the old synagogues t raäts

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Bertoldsbrunnen

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age

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Universität

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ba h
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3. Minster, window motifs

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16. Music shop Liebers until 1938, Salzstraße 7. The music
shop was founded by Max Liebers in 1854.

Stadttheaterg

15. Private bank Elias Mayer since 1879, Salzstraße 24.
Today at Friedrichring 28 in other hands.

Schnewlinbrücke

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14. House of Max Mayer (1873 – 1962), Schusterstraße 23,
Jewish leather trader, composer. City council (1911 – 1933) inthe citizen’s committee and theatre committee, memberof the SPD. Today “Rees leather”.

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13. Prayer hall (synagogue) 1863 – 1870, Salzstraße 27, inthe house of the merchant Ludwig Sturz.

B

Konzerthaus er to ldst
raße
31
Konrad- Freiburge

12. Franz Rosenzweig (1886 – 1929), lived at Herrenstraße
32 as a student. Historian and philosopher for the Christian-Jewish dialogue. Commemorative plaque.

Hauptpostt ra ß

11. Primary school, Herrenstraße 4,(today Herrenstraße 6, Medieval Latin
school). From 1876, a class room was provided for Israeli
religious education.

ee

10. New synagogue, on Nußmannstraße/Engelstraße, built in 1987.

B 31

raß

9. Commemorative plaque. Synagogue
from 1870 to its destruction in 1938, Werderring, today site of the old synagogue, old
synagogue, built in 1870.
Four rabbis supervised the Jewish community of Freiburg: Dr. Adolf Lewin 1885 – 1910;
Dr. Max Eschelbacher 1910 – 1912; Dr. Julius Zimels 1913 –1936; Dr. Siegfried Scheuermann 1936 – 1939. All the
Freiburg rabbis not only had religious training, but had
also in general completed a university degree with adoctoral thesis. Since 2017 a memorial fountain marks theshape of the old synagogue.

st ra ßlm s

OLD TOWN OF FREIBURG

bah n

he
Wil

Industrieu. Handelskammer

7. *House “Zum Judenberg” (district of Neuburg, locationunclear).

Community establishments, houses of important persons

raß e

K a th arFriedrich

Fahnenbergpl.

tr.

e

6. University, collegiate building I. Site of the university
3. The seal of the university provides proof of Jewish life
(Jewish scribes recognisable by the “horned skull caps”).

II. Modern era

B3

N ie

4. *House “Zum Juden”, Münsterplatz 10. Today, the“Knight’s house” stands here.

8. *House “Zum Juden” – later “Zur roten Säule” in 1460,
Merianstraße 4

Ei s e n

AdenauerPlatz
Sed an str aßenst(Herrenstraße 32), and in a corner is the plaque for Franz
Rosenzweig (12). Furthermore, the Latin school (house4) (11) was located in Herrenstraße, which was later the
primary school with a classroom for Jewish religious education. Diagonally opposite, looking onto the episcopal
ordinariate, we go right onto Herrenstraße and after a few
steps onto Schusterstraße 27. The prayer hall of the Jewish
community was located here in 1863 (13). Next to it is house
23 (14), where the merchant family Max Mayer lived with
their shop “Mayer leather” (today “Rees leather”). Throughthe narrow Augustinergasse, we get to Salzstraße 24. Jessy
Mayer’s family lived here and ran their banking business(15), see stumbling blocks. On the other side was Music
shop Liebers (Salzstraße 7), see “stumbling blocks” (16).
We have reached Kaiser-Joseph-Straße with the Bertoldsbrunnen again. The hotel “Zähringer Hof” (17) stood
here, where the composer Felix Mendelssohn, the grandson of the famous Jewish philosopher, lodged for three
weeks during his honeymoon. Today “Galeria Kaufhof”
stands on this site. Here we go in the direction of Martin’sgate, and turn onto Löwenstraße, and reach the architecturally interesting Art Nouveau building at Löwenstraße
1 (25) by the Jewish architect Arthur Levi. Through theuniversity courtyard, we get to the collegiate building Iof the university (27) with a memorial for the victims of
National Socialism in the hall, and before that there is theround commemorative plaque (9) on the right hand side,on the site of the old synagogue, which was destroyed in
1938. Then, we cross Werthmannstraße, pass between thecity theatre and the new building of the university library,go through Sedanstraße to Moltkestraße to house 3 (31),the birth place of honorary citizen Robert Grumbach, go
to Bertoldstraße, past house 31, where there was a kosher
butcher’s until 1938 (28), and look at the commemorative
sign for “Gurs” (29) on the opposite side of the road, which
is currently in a green area. The path leads a short way
through Bertoldstraße into Universitätsstraße, which wascalled “Judengasse” (1) until the start of the 18th century.
At the end, we get back to the city hall.

Busbahnhof
32H

3. Minster. Contains a multitude of Jewish illustrations.

5. * House “Zum Roten Juden” (part of the Schutterhof in
the 15th century). Corner of Schoferstraße/Münzgasse.

Hauptbahnhof

mobilé

K ro n e n m a t te

We start at the tourist information, which is locatedin the city hall. We go diagonally to the left from the city
hall, past the Franciscan monastery and the St. Martins
church, and enter Franziskanerstraße. Then, we crossKaiser-Joseph-Straße (KaJo) and go left along KaJo, to thecorner of KaJo/Engelstraße. Many Jews settled near to thethen synagogue (2) in Wasserstraße and Weberstraße,
next to “Große Gass” (Marktstraße), which was renamed“Kaiser-Joseph-Straße” at the end of the 18th century.
Wasserstraße und Weberstraße, which are separated bya perfume and cosmetics shop, is diagonally opposite today’s Karstadt building. Today, Kaiser-Joseph-Straße is the
shopping street and promenade of Freiburg. At the endof the 19th century and the start of the 20th century, it
was full of Jewish shops, practices and offices. The Knopf
department store (18), the important South German trading company, was famous. From the corner of KaJo/Engelstraße, we go through Engelstraße and come to a square,
where water comes out of a type of a fountain with a “Starof David” and flows into one of the numerous brooks. We
are standing in front of the new synagogue of the Israelite
community (10). From the entrance of the synagogue, we
can see the back of the city library, and go through Waisenhausgässle to Münsterplatz and get to the Minster (3).
Outside and inside the Minster, we find many representations, from which references to Judaism can be recognised.
We go around the Minster and get to the Knight’s house(Münsterplatz 10); in the 13th century, the house “Zum Juden” (4) stood on this site.
Furthermore, at the Eastern part of the Minster, fromwhich we get to Herrenstraße, is the Münsterbauhütte

R o sa st

7

Merianstraße

ße
st ra

tram
e rst

raß
e
1. *Judengasse until approx. 1708, from then Universitätsstraße (between Bertoldstraße and Franziskanerplatz).
Herz-Jesu-Kirche
2. *Residential quarter around 1281 – 1424 at Wasserstraße/Weberstraße. Synagogue with administration,
presumably a ritual immersion bath (mikveh) and a dance
Stühlingerhall. It has been proved that overall, there were ten Jewish
platz
houses in this quarter. From 1385, there is evidence of theexistence of a synagogue on the South West corner of Weberstraße/Raustraße. At the time, 60 Jewish inhabitants
were counted in Freiburg, including a Jewish schoolmaster(rabbi) and a doctor.

Kat h ae
Gun

OLD TOWN OF FREIBURG

A walk through Jewish Freiburg

Fried
richs
tr.

Planetarium

t raß(*acc. to archive)

Hebe lße

Freiburg city centre
Tells

I.Middle Ages and Early Modern Period

stra

Colom bist raßPlaces, memorials andcommemorative plaques

st r a ß e

st ra ß e

Kr

R h e inrineneSources and literature index• Blod, Gabriele (1988): Die Entstehung der israelitischen Gemeinde Freiburg 1849 – 1941
[The emergence of the Israelite community of Freiburg 1849 – 1941]. In: Stadt undGeschichte. Neue Reihe des Stadtarchivs Freiburg [City and history. New series of the city
archive of Freiburg] 12, Freiburg: published by the city archive.
• Böhme, Rolf & Haumann, Heiko (1989): Das Schicksal der Freiburger Juden am Beispiel
des Kaufmanns Max Mayer und die Ereignisse des 9./10. November 1938 [The fate of the
Freiburg Jews using the example of the merchant Max Mayer and the events of 9/10
November 1938]. Stadt und Geschichte, volume 13, Freiburg: Schillinger.
• Bräunche, Ernst Otto (1984): Die „Reichskristallnacht“ in Freiburg [The Kristallnacht inFreiburg], in: Schau-ins-Land 103, Breisgau-Geschichtsverein Schau-ins-Land e.V. [Breisgau
historical society], Freiburg, p. 149 – 160.
• Brucher-Lembach, Andrea (2004): „… wie Hunde auf ein Stück Brot.“ Die Arisierung undder Versuch der Wiedergutmachung in Freiburg [“… like dogs leaping at a piece of bread.”
The Aryanisation and the attempt to make reparations in Freiburg], published by AK
Regionalgeschichte [work group for regional history] Freiburg, series Alltag & Provinz[Everyday & province], volume 12, Bremgarten: Donzelli-Kluckert.
• Clausing, Kathrin (2005): Leben auf Abruf. Zur Geschichte der Freiburger Juden im
Nationalsozialismus [Life on call. The history of the Freiburg Jews in National Socialism].
Publications from the archive of the city of Freiburg, Freiburg: published by the city archive.
• Frankenstein, Ruben (2009): Denkmal und Name – Der Gute Ort Freiburg [Memorial andname – the good place of Freiburg]. Publications from the archive of the city of Freiburg,
Freiburg: published by the city archive.
• Haumann, Heiko & Schadek, Hans [Publishers] (1996):- Geschichte der Stadt Freiburg. Band 1: Von den Anfängen bis zum „Neuen Stadtrecht“
von 1520 [History of the city of Freiburg. Volume 1: From the beginnings to the “New citylaw” of 1520];- Geschichte der Stadt Freiburg. Band 2: Vom Bauernkrieg bis zum Ende derhabsburgischen Herrschaft [History of the city of Freiburg. Volume 2: From the Peasants’
War to the end of the Habsburg dynasty];- Geschichte der Stadt Freiburg. Band 3: Von der badischen Herrschaft bis zur Gegenwart[History of the city of Freiburg. Volume 3: From the Baden dynasty to the present],
Stuttgart: Theiss.
• Haehling von Lanzenauer, Reiner (2005): Gertrud Luckner – Helferin der Bedrängten[Gertrud Luckner – Helper of the oppressed]. In: Reinhold Schneider Blätter. Mitteilungender Reinhold-Schneider-Gesellschaft [Reinhold Schneider pages. Messages from theReinhold Schneider association], magazine 17. Freiburg, p. 35 – 57.
• Lewin, Adolf (1890): Juden in Freiburg i. B. [Jews in Freiburg im Breisgau], Trier: Maas.
• Paepcke, Lotte (1972): Ein kleiner Händler, der mein Vater war [A small trader, who was myfather]. Heilbronn: Salzer.
• Schwineköper, Berent & Laubenberger, Franz (1963): Geschichte und Schicksal der
Freiburger Juden. Aus Anlass des 100-jährigen Bestehens der israelitischen Gemeinde
in Freiburg [The history and fate of the Freiburg Jews. On the occasion of 100 years of
the Israelite community in Freiburg], Freiburger Stadthefte [Freiburg city magazines] 6,
Freiburg: Rombach.
• City archive of Freiburg• www.alemannia-judaica.de/freiburg_synagoge_a.htm, called up on 9 April 2015; 21:06.

Photos• City archive of Freiburg, Freiburg Wirtschaft Touristik und Messe GmbH & Co. KG (FWTM),
Detlef Theobald, Janina Kalinnik, Richard Ernst, Ossi W. Pink

Imprint
Concept and publisher• Gesellschaft für Christlich-Jüdische Zusammenarbeit Freiburg e.V (©2020)• gcjz-freiburg@web.de | www.gcjz-freiburg.de
Editorial, texts and proofreading• Janina Kalinnik, Richard Ernst, Medea Tenberg, Detlef Theobald, Nicole Noa-Pink, Ossi W. Pink
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Print• Druckerei Furtwängler, 79211 Denzlingen
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