★★★ ＜第25回知的財産翻訳検定試験【第12回英文和訳】＞ ★★★
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問１．背景技術***START***から***END***までを和訳してください。
***START***
Microbes such as microalgae show promise as a renewable feedstock
for the production of biofuels ranging from ethanol to biodiesel. Algae are adiverse group of aquatic, photosynthetic organisms generally categorized aseither macroalgae (i.e., seaweed) or microalgae, which are typically
unicellular. Although the field of algal biofuels remains in its infancy,
microalgae have great potential to serve as a resource for clean, sustainable
fuel production. Algae are effective photosynthetic organisms for generatingchemical energy from sunlight, and it is believed that a large percentage oftoday's fossil fuels, particularly petroleum, originated as prehistoric algal
blooms. As single-celled organisms, microalgae are capable of producing alarge portion of their biomass as small molecule biofuel precursors since theylack the macromolecular structural and vascular components needed tosupport and nourish terrestrial plants. As such, algae provide one of themost direct routes for conversion of carbon and other organic substrates tobiofuel. Moreover, the large surface area to volume ratio of these aquatic
microorganisms is advantageous for absorption of nutrients, which isreflected in the rapid growth rates observed in many species.
***END***問２．実施形態***START***から***END***までを和訳してください。
***START***"Binding entity" means any molecule to which molecular tags can bedirectly or indirectly attached that is capable of specifically binding to an
analyte. The binding entity can be an affinity tag on a nucleic acid sequence.
In certain embodiments, the binding entity allows for separation of thenucleic acid from a mixture, such as an avidin molecule, or an antibody thatbinds to the hapten or an antigen-binding fragment thereof. Exemplarybinding entities include, but are not limited to, a biotin molecule, a hapten,
an antibody, an antibody binding fragment, a peptide, and a protein.
The term "cancer" or "tumor" is used interchangeably herein. These
terms refer to the presence of cells possessing characteristics typical ofcancer-causing cells, such as uncontrolled proliferation, immortality,
metastatic potential, rapid growth and proliferation rate, and certain
characteristic morphological features.
The term "neoplasm" or "neoplastic" cell refers to an abnormal
proliferative stage, e.g. , a hyperproliferative stage, in a cell or tissue that
can include a benign, pre-malignant, malignant (cancer) or metastatic stage.
***END***問３．実施例***START***から***END***までを和訳してください。
***START***
Preparation of enriched ovarian somatic support cell suspension:
This cell suspension is prepared by dissociation of pieces of ovarian
cortex after removal of growing follicles. Tissue slices (of 0.2 mm3) areprepared using a scalpel and needles and are held in Leibovitz medium
containing BSA (bovine isolation) or HSA (human isolation). To prepare fordissociation into a single cell suspension, tissue pieces are removed from themedia and placed in a shallow petri dish. The tissue is reduced to a verysmall sections using the tip of fine scissors, transferred in HBSS
supplemented with Mg and Ca with 1.2U/ml collagenase I/II. Tissue ismechanically dissociated using a Gentlemacs Dissociator set...(一部省略）...
Dissociated tissue is passed through a series of cell filters ofdecreasing pore size (100-30µm) and enzymatic activity stopped by additionof a 2% NGS solution. The cell solution is transferred into a shallow glass
petri dish and inspected under a light microscope to ensure no follicles or
oocytes are present-any present are removed using a sterile fine pastette.
Cells are now prepared for fluorescently activated cell sorting (FACS) bycentrifuging the cell suspension at 300g for 5 mins in HBSS minus Mg and
Ca with 2% HSA and NGS (blocking solution). Supernatant is removed andthe cell pellet re-suspended in 1ml of blocking solution.
***END***問４．請求項PCT 出願の国内移行時に日本特許庁に提出する翻訳文です。***START***から***END***までを和訳してください。日本語として意味が通るようにしてくださ
いと、クライアントから指示があったものとします。なお、訳出には、下記明細書内の記載を参考にしてください（これは訳出する必要はありません。）。
（明細書内の記載）
The HDL-related molecule can, optionally, be administered as anoral supplement. Subjects to be treated with methods of the invention can be,for example, mammalian subjects, typically human subjects.
***START***
1. A method of inhibiting tumor growth, the method comprising contacting
tumor cells with an HDL-related molecule selected from the group consistingof HDL mimetic peptides (SEQ ID NO: 1, 3-9, 14 or 26-28), bovine HDL, and
ApoA-I.
2. A method of treating or preventing cancer in a subject, the method
comprising inhibiting tumor growth according to the method of claim 1,
wherein the contacting is by administering the HDL-related molecule to thesubject.
3. A method of reducing death and/or oxidative stress in epithelial cells
exposed to oxidative stress, the method comprising contacting the epithelial
cells with an HDL-related molecule selected from the group consisting of
HDL mimetic peptides (SEQ ID NO: 1, 3-9, 12, 14 or 26-28), bovine HDL, and
ApoA-I.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein the contacting occurs prior to exposure tooxidative stress.
***END***