★★★＜第 20 回知的財産翻訳検定試験【第 11 回和文英訳】＞★★★
<<バイオテクノロジー >>問１
The present invention is based on the discovery that ingredientsof a fraction obtained from extract of a fruit of Theobroma cacao,
namely, a cacao pod, which has been used as food, can be used
for a neutralizing agent of endotoxin activity.
The
ingredients of may be directly applied to humans, and used asa medicament for suppressing endotoxin activity in vivo.
Endotoxin is present in the outer membrane surface of every
Gram-negative bacterium. Endotoxin binds to a variety of cells
or biological components, due to transfer to blood caused bydamage to intestinal barrier function or due to the presenceof endotoxin in the blood caused by infection of Gram-negative
bacteria, whereby endotoxin shock, death, fever, inflammation,
Shwartzman reaction, hyper immune enhancement, activity ofcoagulation-complement or the like is induced.
The objective of the present invention is to inhibit such
harmful effects of Endotoxin with a novel fraction of theextract obtained from a cacao pod.
In particular, in order to prevent disorders induced byendotoxin, it is important that the ingredients of the fractionof the extract obtained from a cacao pod, which has been used
as food, can neutralize and detoxify the endotoxin activity,and , when orally taken, are transferred into the blood.

問２
According to an aspect of the present invention, there isprovided a method of selecting and acquiring a domain
polypeptide interacting with a target substance, in accordancewith a method described below.
The "domain polypeptide"comprises a "domain" which is a minimum unit required for theinteraction with the target substance, and has a structure inwhich a polypeptide consisting of amino acid residues having
a length of 30% or less than the amino acid length of the domain
attaches to the domain. The polypeptide may be attached toeither of C-terminus or N-terminus, or both. The "domain" which
is a minimum unit required for the interaction with the target
substance is a partial structure of a protein, and has a stableconformation in itself. The "domain" means a unit having afunction of binding to and interacting with the target substance.
According to the present invention, the domain may be known orunknown.
The term "interact" means that as a result of the bindingof a protein or polypeptide to the target substance, the protein
or polypeptide controls the function of the target substanceor the function of the protein or polypeptide is controlled by
the target substance.
問3
ExampleSpecifically, CrtM gene and CrtN gene derived
from Staphylococcus aureus were introduced into E.coli, and agene encoding wild-type geraniol synthase (GES) or a geneencoding its mutant (GESM) were introduced into the resulting
E.coli. The E.coli was cultured and then geraniol synthaseactivity of the cells was measured based on the amount of thepigment synthesized in the cells.
As shown in figure 4, when an empty vector was introduced

into E. coli transformed with pAC-CrtM-CrtN, an expression
construct of the CrtM gene and the CrtN gene, the resulting cells(Void) accumulated a yellow pigment 4,4’-diaponeurosporene andbecame yellow. In contrast, when E.coli transformed with
pAC-CrtM-CrtNand was further transformed with pLac-ges, anexpression construct of the GES gene, or an expression constructof the GESM53 gene, the accumulation of the yellow pigment
remarkably decreased and the cells became white.
Suchwhitening of the cells or decrease of pigment synthesis was notobserved in E.coli transformed with pAC-CrtM-CrtN andpLac-gesD323A, an expression construct of a gene encoding aninactive GES mutant.
The above results reflect the fact that GES showed a highactivity of substrate consumption in the cells and the amountof geranil 2-phosphate (GPP), a precursor of a carotenoid
pigment necessary for its production, significantly decreased.

問4Claims:
1.
A method for selecting an anticancer drug by a screening
procedure, comprising
step 1: culturing an iPS cell in the presence of a factor
contained in a conditioned medium of a cancer cell to induce
a cell population comprising heterologous cancer stem cells;
andstep 2: administering a candidate substance of the anticancer
drug to the cell population comprising heterologous cancer stem
cells to select an anticancer drug effective for the cancer stem
cells by a screening procedure.
2.
The method for selecting an anticancer drug by a screening
procedure according to Claim 1, whereinin step 1, the iPS cell is cultured in the presence ofa factor contained in the conditioned medium of each of aplurality of cancer cells, each of the cancer cells having a
different phenotype, to induce a plurality of cell populations
comprising heterologous cancer stem cells, each of the cell
populations having a different phenotype; andin step 2, efficacy of the candidate substrate is examinedfor each of the plurality of the cell populations comprisingheterologous cancer stem cells, each of the cell populations
having a different phenotype.
3.
A cell population comprising heterologous cancer stemcells with various differentiation levels between iPS cells andcancer cells.