受験番号:24IPM011
問1[0002]
Bicycle parking lots are equipped with parking devices which lock bicycles.
Known techniques include an example parking device in which a wheel is locked with
open/close arms engaged with each other at a position slightly higher than the position
where the wheel is grounded. This parking device is configured such that the closedarms, which are closed by a spring member, are pushed open by a front wheel of abicycle, and that when the front wheel comes into contact with a contact plate, a switch
is actuated to have the arms close again by the spring member, which locks the arms
now encircling the front wheel. The parking device locks the bicycle in this manner.
Another example of the known techniques is configured such that the contact plate ispushed down by a front wheel that has reached a parking position, and that theopen/close arms connected to the plate are closed to encircle the front wheel.
[0003]
However, wheels of bicycles have difference sizes or thicknesses. Besides,
bicycles are properties that belong to the bicycle owners. Thus, just to be safe, theopen/close arms are designed to have backlash and play. If the front wheel leans to
one side or is not placed at the right position, the front wheel may not be locked
properly.

問2
As described above, the fluid injection valve includes: the seat 10 provided at
an intermediate portion of the fluid channel and having the seat surface 10a; the valve
body 8 configured to control opening and closing of the fluid channel by seating or
unseating with respect to the seat surface 10a; and an injection hole plate 11 locateddownstream of the seat 10 and provided with a plurality of injection holes 12. Here,the flow in each injection hole and the flow immediately after the flow through each
injection hole are substantially liquid film flows. According to the method forgenerating mists using this fluid injection valve, the injected flows 30, 31 from theinjection holes 12, 12 are not necessarily aligned with the central axes of the respectiveinjection holes 12, and do not necessarily intersect with each other downstream of theholes. When the injected flow from each injection hole 12 turns into mists at adownstream position, the mists of the injected flows are brought closer to each other, ormerged with each other, due to the Coanda effect which acts on the plurality of mists.
As a result, substantially one solid cone of the mists is formed. After the formation of
the solid cone of the mists, the entrainment of ambient air based on the momentum
theory of the mists, and the inducement of airflow along a downstream direction of themists in a predetermined portion thereof, are mainly caused. The distribution of theinjection amounts is kept at peak substantially in the center of the cross-section of theflow of the mists, and the angle of injection is maintained at a small degree, until such
behavior substantially disappears. As a result, finer fuel mists through the injection
and a higher degree of flexibility in designing the shape of the mists, the mist patterns,
and/or the distribution of the injection amounts can be achieved. It is clear that thepeak of the distribution of the injection amounts does not have to be substantially in thecenter of the cross-section of the flow of the mists, and that the angle of injection does
not have to be as small as possible. It is also clear that the same or similar effects canbe obtained even if the injection hole plate 11 is configured as a nozzle integrallyformed with the seat 10.

問3
1.
A refill (2) of a ballpoint pen (1), comprising:a first annular member (3) having an outer circumferential surface (5) on a sidecloser to the rear end (50);a second annular member (4) made of an elastic material and having an inner
circumferential surface (6) fitted with the outer circumferential surface (5); andan ink (7) stored in a space defined by the first annular member (3) and theinner circumferential surface (6), wherein
the outer circumferential surface (5) includes
a first inclined portion (51) having an increased outer diameter awayfrom the rear end,a first annular portion (52) continuous with the first inclined portion,a second inclined portion (53) continuous with the first annular portion(52) and having a decreased outer diameter away from the rear end,
an annular recessed portion (54) continuous with the second inclinedportion (53),a third inclined portion (55) continuous with the annular recessedportion (54) and having an increased outer diameter away from the rear end, anda second annular portion (56) continuous with the third inclined
portion (55) and having a uniform outer diameter,
the inner circumferential surface (6) forms an inner diameter larger than anouter diameter of the annular recessed portion (54) and smaller than the outer diameterof the second annular portion (56), before being fitted with the outer circumferential
surface (5), andthe first annular portion (52) has an outer diameter larger than the outer
diameter of the second annular portion (56).
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