IODP Proposal Cover Sheet927 - Full

Tyrrhenian Continent-Ocean Transition

Received for: 2019-10-01

Title

2

Tyrrhenian Magmatism & Mantle Exhumation

Proponents

Nevio Zitellini, César R. Ranero, Carlos J. Garrido, Daniele Brunelli, Valenti Sallares, Ingo Grevemeyer, Manel
Prada, Isabella Raffi, Marco Ligi, Umberta Tinivella, Mathilde Cannat, Marta Perez-Gussinyé, Udo
Barckhausen, Tomoaki Morishita, Christopher MacLeod, Tim Minshull, Muriel Andreani, Alberto Malinverno,
Stefano Lugli, Maria Filomena Loreto

Keywords

mantle exhumation, continental lithosphere rifting

Proponent
Affiliation
Country

Area

Tyrrhenian Sea

Proponent Information
Nevio Zitellini
Istituto Scienze Marine, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Bologna
Italy✓⃞ Permission is granted to post the coversheet/site table on www.iodp.org

Abstract
The objective of The “TyrrhenIan Magmatism & Mantle Exhumation” (TIME) project aims at studying the 3D time and space
evolution of a continent-ocean transition (COT), from breakup to robust magmatism and subsequent mantle exhumation withclosely time-related magmatism. The objectives include the kinematics of the opening, the crust and mantle deformation
mechanisms, and the relationship of melting products to the exhumed mantle.
The database available to design the drilling project is possibly one of the best from a basin. The basement of the
Tyrrhenian basin has been dredged at highs, and the stratigraphy is reasonably well known from three drilling expeditions,
DSDP leg 13, DSPD leg 42 and the ODP leg 107 (Fig.1). In addition, a full-coverage high-resolution multibeam bathymetryof the basin helps the 3D interpretation of a large data set of vintage and modern 2D MCS reflection profiles.
The TIME project focuses in the youngest basin of the Western Mediterranean, formed from Upper Tortonian to recent bycontinental extension related to rollback of the ESE-SE migrating Apennine subduction system. Recent geophysics withcoincident wide-angle seismic (WAS), gravity and multichannel seismic (MCS) reflection data support the presence ofmagmatic rocks formed during early COT phase, and of presumably subsequently exhumed mantle. The youth of the basin
results in a modest sediment cover, facilitating sampling, with unprecedented spatial resolution, the peridotitic and magmatic
basement across the conjugated COT of the basin.

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Scientific Objectives
1) to determine the kinematics and geometry in space and time of the extensional deformation in the basin;
2) to establish the timing and origin of the associated magmatism;3) to establish the rheology, deformation patterns and timing of mantle exhumation;4) to determine the compositional evolution and heterogeneity of the mantle source;5) to test current models of continental lithosphere rifting and of COT formation.

Non-standard measurements technology needed to achieve the proposed scientific objectives

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2

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Proposed Sites (Total proposed sites: 12; pri: 6; alt: 6; N/S: 0)

Penetration (m)Position(Lat, Lon)

Water
Depth
(m)

Sed

Bsm

Total

TYR-01A(Primary)

40.0025
10.9984

2675

286

70

356

The basement of the Cornaglia Terrace

TYR-02A(Primary)

40.00036
13.40327

2813

652

70

722

The basement of the Campania Terrace

TYR-03A(Primary)

40.18388
12.6413

3533

356

140

496

The serpentinized mantle peridotite

TYR-04A(Primary)

40.18402
12.72801

3546

773

70

843

The serpentinized mantle peridotites

TYR-05A(Primary)

40.26609
12.69432

3530

142

140

282

The serpentinized mantle peridotite

TYR-06A(Primary)

40.41593
12.72474

3592

902

70

972

The serpentinized mantle peridotite

TYR-07A(Alternate)40.00097
10.98619

2700

286

70

356

Same target of TYR-01A, the basement of Cornaglia Terrace

TYR-08A(Alternate)40.00036
13.39599

2837

548

70

618

Same target of TYR-02A, the Campania Terrace basement rocks

TYR-09A(Alternate)40.18388
12.63243

3533

450

140

590

Same target of TYR-03A, the serpentinized mantle peridotite.

TYR-10A(Alternate)40.18398
12.70826

3544

591

70

661

Same target of TYR-04A, serpentinized mantle peridotite.

TYR-11A(Alternate)40.26614
12.70529

3538

327

140

467

Same target of TYR-05A, serpentinized mantle peridotites

TYR-12A(Alternate)40.4159
12.7076

3590

1057

70

1127

Same target of TYR-06A, serpentinized mantle peridotites

Site Name

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Brief Site-specific Objectives

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2

Contact Information
Contact Person: Nevio Zitellini
Department: ISMAR-CNR-Bologna
Organization: Istituto Scienze Marine, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche
Address: Via Gobetti 101
Bologna Bologna 40129 Italy
E-mail/Phone: nevio.zitellini@bo.ismar.cnr.it;

Phone: +39 051 639 8890

Proponent List
First Name

Last Name

Affiliation

Country

Role

Expertise

Nevio

Zitellini

Istituto Scienze Marine, Consiglio Nazionaledelle Ricerche, Bologna

Italy

Principal
Lead

Marine Geology, MCS,
Mediterranean
Geodynamics

César

R. Ranero

ICREA at CSIC, Barcelona

Spain

Data Lead

Marine Geopphysics,
Tectonics,
Geopdynamics

CarlosJ. Garrido

DP. Mineralogia Y Petrologia, Universitad deGranada, Granada

Spain

Other Leadpetrology,
geochemistry,mineralogy mantle
rocks

DanieleBrunelli

Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e
Geologiche Università di Modena e Reggio
Emilia

Italy

Other Lead

Mantle and MORB
petrology andgeochemistry

Valenti

Sallares

Institute of Marine Sciences, CSIC,
Barcelona

Spain

Other Lead

Marine Geophysics

Ingo

Grevemeyer

GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre of Ocean
Research, Kiel

Germany

Other Leadmarine geophysics,
crustal & lithospherestructure

Manel

Prada

Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, Schoolof Cosmic Physics, Dublin

Ireland

Other Lead

Seismic refraction,
mantle exhumation,
back-arcs

Isabella

Raffi

Dipartimento di Ingegneria e Geologia,
Università "G. d'Annunzio" di Chieti-Pescara

Italy

Other
Proponent

micropaleontology

Marco

Ligi

Istituto di Scienze Marine, Consiglio
Nazionale delle Ricerche, Bologna

Italy

Other
Proponent

Marine Geology,
Marine Geophysics

Umberta

Tinivella

Istituto Nazionale di Oceanografia e diGeofisica Sperimentale, Trieste

Italy

Other
Proponent

seismic, modeling, gas
hydrate, pore fluid

Mathilde

CannatInstitut de Physique du Globe de Paris, Paris

FranceOther
Proponent

Geology, petrology &geochemistry

Marta

Perez-Gussinyé

MARUM – Center for Marine Environmental
Sciences, University of Bremen, Bremen

Germany

Other
Proponent

Geophysics andGeodynamics

Udo

Barckhausen

BGR Federal Institute for Geosciences andNatural Resources, Hannover

Germany

Other
Proponent

Marine Geophysics

TomoakiMorishita

Kanazawa University, Department of Earth
Sciences, Kanazawa

Japan

Other
Proponent

Igneous Petrologist

Christopher

MacLeod

School of Earth & Ocean Sciences, Cardiff
University

United Kingdom

Other
Proponent

Marine Geology,
structural geology from
cores

Tim

MinshullNational Oceanography Centre
Southampton, University of Southampton

United Kingdom

Other
Proponent

Marine Geophysics

MurielAndreaniLaboratoire de Géologie de Lyon

FranceOther
Proponent

fluid-rock interaction,rheology of active faults

AlbertoMalinverno

Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory ofColumbia University, New York

United States

Other
Proponent

Marine geophysicist,
downhole geophysicallogging

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Proponent List (Continued)
First Name

Last Name

Affiliation

StefanoLugli

Dept. of Chemical and Geological Science University of Modena

Maria
Filomena

LoretoCNR - National Research Council of Italy,
ISMAR - Marine Sciences Institute in
Bologna

Generated: 2019-10-01T20:02:48+00:00

Country

Role

Expertise

Italy

Other
Proponent

stratigrphy andsedimentology

Italy

Other
Proponent

marine geology,
geophysics, tectonics

Tyrrhenian Magmatism and Mantle Exhumation (TIME)

Introduction
A tenet of plate tectonics is that divergent plates cause asthenosphericmantle to ascent, decompress and melt, producing new crust. However,drilling west of Iberia discovered a Continental to Ocean Transition (COT)
made of exposed mantle (Boillot and Winterer, 1988; Sawyer et al., 1994),
causing the revision of models of lithospheric thinning and melt generation,
leading to the definition of magma-poor margins. A long-standingargument about mantle of COTs concerns its nature as either subcontinental or formed by ultraslow seafloor spreading. Additionaly, twomodels discuss the apparent lack of melts invoking either slow extension
resulting in low ascension rates with enhanced asthenospheric cooling andreduced melt production, or upwelling mantle originally too depleted tosignificantly further melt. Additionally, the debate extends on thesignificance of COT models, currently based on a few drilled sites atbasement

highs,duetolimitations

forultra-deep-water

drilling.

Consequently, 30 years after its discovery, we still debate on the very
nature and genesis of COTs. The “Tyrrhenian Magmatism and Mantle
Exhumation” (TIME) proposal tackles all those issues.
The young Tyrrhenian basin formed by rifting during eastward
migration of the Calabrian Arc. It is bounded eastward by the Italianpeninsula and westward by Corsica and Sardinia. Modern investigations
support an abrupt Tyrrhenian continental break-up, giving birth first to asegment of new magmatic crust with the layered seismic structure ofoceanic crust, abutted by younger segments of exhumed mantle withdiscrete basaltic intrusions, at odds with conventional COT models.
Our main hypothesis is that the spatial variability of tectonic andmagmatic structures in the Tyrrhenian may be present elsewhere, but thatscarcity of both basement sampling and modern geophysical work has
squinted conventional wisdom. This hypothesis can be tested only bydrilling to determine rock nature and quantify extension rates.
To test the hypothesis, TIME proposes two perpendicular drilltransects (Fig. 1). The E-W transect targets the progression from

October 1, 20191

Tyrrhenian Magmatism and Mantle Exhumation (TIME)

magmatic crust to exhumed mantle; the N-S transect maps the fault zone
exhuming mantle. Drilling will sample the sediment cover, mantle, theassociated magmas, and the products of syntectonic, and possibly
ongoing, fluid-rock interaction to evaluate the hydrosphere-lithospheregeochemical exchange and potential related ecosystems.
TIME goals directly address topics that are central to the IODP
SciencePlan(2013-2023)

including

Challenge

8

“What

are

the

composition, structure and dynamics of Earth’s upper mantle”, Challenge
9 “How are seafloor spreading and mantle melting linked to ocean crustal
architecture?” Challenge 10 “What are the mechanisms, magnitude andhistory of chemical exchanges between the oceanic crust and seawater”
Challenge 13 “What properties and processes govern the flow andstorage of carbon in the subseafloor?” and Challenge 14 “How do fluids
link subseafloor tectonic, thermal, and biogeochemical processes?” asdeveloped in the scientific objectives below.
Why the Tyrrhenian?
Deformation style, kinematics and the relationship of melts to mantle are
key to understand lithospheric extension, breakup and mantle exhumation,
associated magmatism and quantitatively constrain the hydrospherelithosphere interaction.
The deep water and thick sediment hindering COT research elsewhere
do not occur in the Tyrrhenian, where comparatively shallow water andthin sediment (Fig.3) provide an optimal initial framework to test COT
formation models by drilling.
High-resolution seafloor maps (Fig.1) and 2D seismic (Figs. 4d, 5)integrated with available drilling information of Tyrrhenian stratigraphy
provide one of the best databases available in any basin studied byacademia (Fig.2). However, a quantitative understanding of the processes
requires the 3D fault kinematics, rate of mantle exhumation and age andnature of the magmatism (Fig.2): within TIME we aim at tightly constrain
them.

October 1, 20192

Tyrrhenian Magmatism and Mantle Exhumation (TIME)The Tyrrhenian basin is the only example where extensive modern
geophysical data has accurately mapped basement domains of an
unambiguously conjugate pair of COTs. The entire system can becharacterized with unprecedented detail in a single drilling expedition to
study its 3D time and space evolution (Fig.1).
Summary of Tyrrhenian geology
The Tyrrhenian was surveyed in the 70-80’s with thousands of kilometersof seismic reflection lines (Fig.2, inset), gravity and magnetic fieldmeasurements, heat flow measurements, dredge samplings (Fig.3), anddrilling (DSDP leg 13, site 132; DSPD leg 42, site 373; and ODP leg 107,
sites 650-656, Kastens & Mascle, 1990). The CROP program acquired in
the 90’s high-quality seismic reflection data and multibeam bathymetry(Fig. 1). In 2010 our cruise MEDOC acquired 5 geophysical transects
across the basin with coincident wide-angle seismic (WAS), gravity andmultichannel seismic (MCS) reflection data and additional MCS lines acrossbasin center (Fig.1). In 2015 our CHIANTI campaign collected 2 WAS lines
across the central-eastern basin (Fig.1). We summarize relevant results
below.
The

Tyrrhenian

openedbyextending

the

~300

Ma

Variscancontinental lithosphere exposed in Corsica and Sardinia, driven by slab
rollback of the ESE migrating Apennine subduction (Faccenna et al., 2001).
Significant stretching started in Late Miocene (~10 Ma), leading tocontinental break up, a first phase of magmatism, and subsequent mantle
exhumation in the Magnaghi-Vavilov Basin after Messinian ~5.3 Ma andterminating by ~2.0 Ma (Prada et al., 2016).
The amount of extension in the Basin increases from north to south,
mirrored by seafloor morphology. The Tyrrhenian seafloor has 3 relief
sectors (Figs.1, 2): north of ~40º45’N displays shallow rough seafloor; acentral sector between ~40º45’N to ~39º30’N with deeper seafloor andsmooth plains with volcanoes like Magnaghi and Vavilov and non-volcanic
basement seamounts like Secchi, Farfalle, Flavio Gioia and De Marchi

October 1, 20193

Tyrrhenian Magmatism and Mantle Exhumation (TIME)(Fig.2), and South Tyrrhenian between 39º30’N to 38ºN with the Marsili
Basin and volcano, and Aeolian volcanic arc.
The Northern Tyrrhenian sector exhibits N–S-trending normal faults
thinning the continental crust to 20-25 km thick (Mauffret and Contrucci,
1999, Moeller et al., 2013, 2014). Central and South Tyrrhenian sectors
display

increased

extension(Figs.4cd)

withsub-basinsoriginallyinterpreted as continental (Cornaglia Terrace) or oceanic (Magnaghi,
Vavilov and Marsili basins; Duschenes et al., 1986; Kastens and Mascle,
1990; Sartori, 1990) with several-km-tall volcanoes of upper Pliocene topresent-day age (Argnani and Savelli, 1990; Savelli, 1988, 2002; Lustrino
et al., 2011) (Fig.3f).
However, MEDOC Vp models from WAS data show that the basementof the conjugate Cornaglia and Campania Terraces has a layer 2/3
classical oceanic seismic structure, supporting magmatic accretion (Pradaet al., 2014, 2015). Thus, continental break-up was followed (inTortonian/Messinian) by some 100-150-km-wide magmatic construction
forming the Cornaglia and Campanian Terraces. This basement might
resemble MORB drilled at DSDP site 373, but the significance of site 373 is
unclear (see below) because it is at the edge of the Campania Terrace(Figs.2, 4c).
Further, MEDOC & CHIANTI Vp models, supported by gravity
modeling, seismic reflection images and Leg 107 basement drillingindicate that the Magnaghi, Vavilov and Marsili basins are floored byexhumed mantle (Figs.4abc) intruded by MOR-type fissural volcanism(Prada et al., 2014, 2015), and later intraplate back-arc volcanism(Fig.4e) (Prada et al., 2016).
The basement of the Magnaghi - Vavilov basin was drilled in ODP Leg
107 sites 651 and 655, and DSDP site 373 (Fig.2). All three sites
recovered basalts with major-element compositions similar to Mid-Ocean
Ridge Basalts (MORB) and an enriched trace element pattern typical ofEnriched MORB (E-MORB) (Beccaluva et al., 1990). MORB at site 651 isoverlain by a basaltic unit with back-arc signature (BAB-like) (Bertrand et

October 1, 20194

Tyrrhenian Magmatism and Mantle Exhumation (TIME)

al., 1990). The upper basaltic unit in site 651 has major calc-alkaline
affinity and shows enrichment in light ion lithophile element (LILE) andnegative anomalies of high field strength element (HFSE; particularly Nb;
Bertrand et al., 1990). The high LILE/HFSE ratio of the youngest unit
indicates contamination from slab fluids during the last volcanic phase.
This BAB-like volcanics may relate to the growth of the nearby Marsili
Seamount, likely formed after extension ceased (Fig.4e) (Prada et al.,2016).
In the Vavilov basin, site 651 drilled a 30-m section of partiallyserpentinized peridotite under sediment containing altered peridotite
clasts, which are sandwiched between two layers of basalt and basalt
breccia (Fig.2) (Bonatti et al., 1990, Kasten & Mascle, 1990). MEDOC andCHIANTI Vp models support that site-651 peridotite is not an anomaly in abasaltic crust, rather it represents the ground-truthing of exhumed mantle
in Vavilov and Magnaghi basins (Figs. 4abc, 5). The CHIANTI cruise has
found evidence of mantle exhumation also in Marsili Basin, shown by highvelocities in shallow basement, similarly to Magnaghi and Vavilov Basins,
and the lack of PmP Moho reflections (compare Vavilov Basin OBH 83 toMarsili Basin OBS 28, Fig.7). Pliocene mantle exhumation in Vavilov (Fig.
4e) was fast and overlapped or was followed soon after (Phase 2) byfissural MORB volcanism (sites 655 and bottom basaltic unit of 651). Later,
extension stopped or dramatically slowed down during the growth of theseveral-km-tall Vavilov Seamount of calc-alkaline affinity (Phase 3),
possibly sampled in the shallowest basaltic unit of site 651. The sequenceof events differs from conventional models of lithospheric extension wheremantle exhumation follows breakup and subsequent oceanic spreading.
Rationale and scientific hypothesis
The discovery of COT formed of exposed mantle west of Iberia (Boillot &Winterer, 1988; Sawyer et al., 1994) initiated the ongoing debate on themechanisms of lithospheric extension and mantle exhumation, the definitionof break-up and initial seafloor spreading, and the nature of the COT and

October 1, 20195

Tyrrhenian Magmatism and Mantle Exhumation (TIME)

first oceanic crust. Our imperfect understanding of COT processes and onsetof seafloor spreading is largely caused by the worldwide limitation to drill
deeply-buried COT basement under deep water. Current COT models are
based on few submarine examples and extrapolation from regionallyrestricted land analogs in highly-deformed outcrops in mountain belts.
The process of magma-poor COT formation has been described by asuite of changes: following break up, mantle exhumation gradually exposes
deeperlithosphericlevels until eventuallya shoaling

asthenosphere

produces melt (e.g. Perez-Gussinye et al., 2006, Davis and Lavier, 2017;
Gillard et al., 2017). However, that idealized sequence has not been
convincingly found by sampling in any COT, and remains a conceptualmodel based on fragmentary sampling and seismic reflection imaging, andwithout a detailed Vp constraints.
Growing evidence supports that conventional COT models are end
members inadequately constrained by drill information. During the last ~15
years improving geophysical observational quality calls for a revision of COT
models. Regional geophysical data in Woodlark basin (Goodliffe and Taylor,2007) and the NW South China Sea basin (Cameselle et al., 2017) support
magma-poor rifting, however break up was shortly followed by seafloor
spreading, with no mantle exhumation. Similarly, intense magmatism
followed abrupt breakup in the Gulf of California (Lizarralde et al., 2007)
while the Black Sea basin displays abrupt lateral changes from magma-poor
to magma-rich COT (Shillington et al., 2009). Woodlark basement ODP
drilling studied continental faulting, but not the COT, and the Black Sea andGulf of California basement are deep and unsampled. Only recent IODP
drilling confirmed the abrupt COT at the NW South China Sea (Larsen et al.,2018).
Those studies highlight the end-member character of current COT
models based on a few Atlantic-type margins, with their structure mappedwith vintage relative low-resolution geophysics. For instance, the boundary
between exhumed mantle and oceanic crust West of Galicia is still undefined
after >40 years of work. Similarly, the structure of the best to-date

October 1, 20196

Tyrrhenian Magmatism and Mantle Exhumation (TIME)

sampledconjugate

pair

of

COT

(West-Iberia/Newfoundland)isinconclusively known. Interpretations of drilling results of Iberia Abyssal
Plain originally proposed >100-km exhumation of a-magmatic continental
mantle with no melt production (Sawyer et al., 1994), driving conceptualmodels. In contrast, the only modern wide-angle seismic profile (but awayfrom drilling transects) with higher spatial resolution (OBS separation ~15km) than previous results (OBS spacing ~30 km) across the COT of the
Deep Galicia Margin appears to detect patches 0.5-1.5 km thick ofmagmatic crust overlaying partially exhumed mantle (Davy et al., 2016).
However, it is unclear whether it represents regional variability or thatexisting drilling does not represent regionally COT structure because drillingsampled only basement highs, where no oceanic crust occurs. Drilling the
conjugate sector of Newfoundland margin (with plate reconstruction
uncertainty ~100 km) found limited synrift magmatism (Tucholke et al.,2007) supported by geophysical data (Hooper et al., 2004).
Therefore, growing evidence of modern studies of COT structure
support the interplay between magmatic and tectonic processes, whichindicates that end-member magma-poor models in literature may beoversimplifications due to scare drilling information. Further, the process ofmantle unroofing is debated, differenciating between exhumation ofcontinental lithosphere by depth-dependent differential stretching of thecrust and mantle, a process that might involve little or no magmatism, or
exhumation during slow-ultraslow seafloor spreading.
The structure of the comparatively better mapped Tyrrhenian basement(7 wide-angle seismic profiles, thousands of km of seismic images, anddrilling and dredge sampling) confronts the idealized COT view and showsthat oceanic crust formation was followed by mantle exhumation, eventhough opening rates remained rather constant (Prada et al., 2016).
Our main hypothesis is that the COT variability observed in the
Tyrrhenian basement was created by regular processes that may haveoccurred at COTs worldwide. In particular, we interpret that the sequence of
events forming the Tyrrhenian COT is related to vertical and/or horizontal

October 1, 20197

Tyrrhenian Magmatism and Mantle Exhumation (TIME)

mantle heterogeneities during the segmented opening of the basin. We
propose that the 3D structural COT configuration may represent a regularprocess rather than the 2D a-magmatic mantle exhumation inferred fromcomparatively lower resolution studies.
The hypothesis, challenging current conventional wisdom, will betested through 5 scientific objectives, only achievable by drilling thebasement in several locations.
Scientific Objectives
1) To determine the kinematics and geometry of the extensional
deformation in space and time in the basin.
2) To determine the heterogeneity of the mantle source and establish thetiming and origin of the associated magmatism.
3) To establish the rheology, deformation patterns and timing of mantle
exhumation.
4) To determine the fluid-rock interactions in peridotite basement.
5) To test models of rifting and COT formation.
To achieve the scientific objectives, TIME proposes two main drillingtransects:
A W-E Transect to determine the nature of the basement, anddefine the timing and relationships of mantle deformation, melting, andmagmatic events. These goals will be accomplished by a transect of 4 drillsites (TYR-1A, TYR-2A, TYR-3A and TYR-4A; Figs.1, 5, 6) located one in
Cornaglia Terrace, two in the exhumed mantle domain, and one in theCampanian Terrace.
A N-S Transect to establish the mechanisms and kinematics ofmantle exhumation, which appears to mimic, the general southward
increasing rate of crustal extension, i.e. limited in the northernmost
Vavilov basin while showing ~100 km wide unroofing at 40° N. The
roughly N-S transect has 4 sites (TYR-5A, TYR-6A, with TYR-3A and TYR4A also in the W-E transect, Figs.1, 6) to map the spatial extension of theOctober 1, 20198

Tyrrhenian Magmatism and Mantle Exhumation (TIME)

peridotite body that appears continuous in North-South direction (Figs.4,
6).
Objective 1: To determine the kinematics and geometry of theextensional deformation in space and time in the basin.
Determining the age of the extensional processes is key to understand thekinematics of deformation and constrain numerical simulations of theinterplay

betweendeformation

andmelting.

Toachieveafullunderstanding of the process it is important to determine the age offaulting, mantle deformation and melting.
The calibration of synrift strata helps to define the kinematics ofextensional faulting and thus the opening of the basins. Although it
appears straightforward, in reality ultra-deep-water environments andrelatively thick post-rift sediment covering most COTs worldwide have
prevented detailed dating, and indirect estimations vary greatly for any
one basin. The example of West Iberia, with DSDP and ODP drilling in the
Deep Galicia Margin and Iberia Abyssal Plain, shows that the exceeding
total drill-string length restrained drilling to shallow portions of basement
highs, penetrating only the youngest synrift. The results provide a generalidea of the age progression of faulting (e.g. Ranero and Perez-Gussinye,2010), but total rift duration estimations range between 5-25 m.y.
(Whitmarsh et al., 2001). Furthermore, those ages only refer tocontinental extension, because alteration of the mantle exhumed in
Mesozoic times prevents detailed study of the mechanisms and age of thedeformation, let alone the relation to melt products. There is currently noobservational data that collectively constrain the timing of faulting, mantle
deformation, and melting of any basin. TIME will provide the first robust
and integrated data set from an entire system.
ODP Leg 107 established the basic Tyrrhenian stratigraphy (Kastens &Mascle, 1990) providing the framework to interpret seismic images. The
basin has several stratigraphic markers including 3 Messinian salinity crisis
sediment units (>5.33 to 5.96 Ma), a local top Messinian erosional

October 1, 20199

Tyrrhenian Magmatism and Mantle Exhumation (TIME)

unconformity (5.33 Ma), and a lower Pliocene intra Zanclean unconformity(<5.33 to 3.60 Ma) used to define the sequence of events. Those markers
provide excellent general constrains on timing of the opening of the basin.
However,

existing

stratigraphy

constrainstheopeningofthecontinental crust, but not the rates of mantle exhumation because it
occurred during Pliocene where available stratigraphic control is limited.
TIME will refine the Pliocene stratigraphy by dating the sediment column,
particularly with a detailed analysis of sediments on-lapping top basement.
We will calibrate strata resting on the fault planes that exhumed mantle todetermine, in time and space, the slip rate of the large domal faults –resembling core complexes- in seismic images (Fig. 6).
Age dating of sediment resting on basement will be achieved using
calcareous

nannofossils,

whichprovidereliablebiostratigraphy

andbiochronology in the Neogene-Pleistocene interval. The biozone resolution
ranges from 0.15 to 2.2 Myr in the interval 7.4-2.4 Ma, and ~0.52 Myr in
the interval 2.4-0 Ma. The biochronologic framework provided bynannofossils, combined with the easy processing of samples, the generally
excellent preservation of assemblages, and the small quantity of material
needed for analysis, make the approach suited for obtaining highresolution biostratigraphy and precise dating. The age calibration will be
about one order of magnitude superior, and better constrained bystratigraphic correlation and smaller uncertainty in age determination,that at any other conjugate COT system. Biozones can be further
calibrated by tephrochronology and magnetostratigraphy if core recovery
is of enough quality.
Dating fault activity will be crucial to understand the kinematics ofmantle exhumation, the mechanisms of coeval peridotite deformation(Objective 3), and melt products (Objective 2, see below). Thus, we will
analyze lithospheric rheological evolution in time and space, a key toquantitatively understand the system.
Magmatic events will be dated based on radiogenic decay series.
Ar/Ar and K/Ar geochronology will be applied respectively on lava glasses

October 1, 201910

Tyrrhenian Magmatism and Mantle Exhumation (TIME)

and basalt groundmasses. Leg 107 cores (Fig. 9) present widespread
mantle impregnation by amph-bearing gabbroic patches and veins. Theselithologies are excellent for dating and will help defining the age of theimpregnation events by K/Ar on amphiboles and feldspars and U/Th on
zircon and xenotime.
Objective 1 addresses the IODP SP Challenge 9: “How are seafloor
spreading and mantle melting linked to ocean crustal architecture?” bytackling the mechanisms that “with little volcanism but widespread
tectonism results in exposure, weakening, and alteration of mantle rocks”.
Objective 2: To determine the heterogeneity of the mantle sourceand establish the timing and origin of the associated magmatism.
A primary aim is to characterize the spatial and temporal variations of the
mantle source through the coupled study of melting products and mantle
residua.

Structural,

microstructural,

petrological,

geochemical

andgeochronological studies of the exhumed mantle peridotites will establish
the ductile mantle deformation, the mantle history of melting and meltextraction, melt retention and intrusion, and its three-dimensionalvariability. This work establishes the critical link between Challenge 8(What are the composition, structure, and dynamics of Earth’s upper
mantle) and Challenge 9 (How are seafloor spreading and mantle melting
linked to ocean crustal architecture?).
Exhumed mantle peridotites drilled at Site 651 (Fig.2) are spinelharzburgite and dunite with significant veining of amphibole gabbro. These
peridotites record a protracted history of high-temperature ductile
deformation, metasomatism, serpentinization and brittle deformation(Bonatti et al., 1990). Our pilot microstructural study of Site 651
peridotites shows the existence of high-T (proto-)granular harzburgite (Fig.
9a-b) —characteristic of asthenospheric flow— that

contain raremetasomatic/secondary clinopyroxene similarly to that observed in slowspreading MOR (Brunelli et al., 2006; Seyler et al., 2007; Warren, 2016).
Locally, granular peridotites of Site 651 display pervasive amphibole-

October 1, 201911

Tyrrhenian Magmatism and Mantle Exhumation (TIME)

gabbro veins and patches (Fig. 9c; Bonatti et al., 1990). Granularperidotites are cross-cut by relatively sharp shear bands expressed as
proto-mylonitic domains (Fig. 9d). Protomylonites are seldom observed indrilled abyssal peridotites from slow-spreading MOR (e.g. Jaroslow et al.,
1996; Cipriani et al., 2009) but have been described in submersible
surveys and sampling from the Iberian COT (Beslier et al., 1990). In bothcases, they attest for retrograde non-magmatic strain localization at highdeviatoric stress during mantle exhumation pointing to high-T shear zones
extending into unaltered mantle rocks (Jaroslow et al., 1996).
Late syn-kinematic gabbroic veins (Fig. 9d) indicate long-lived
faulting and uplift from ductile deformation to brittle-plastic transition andfurther strain location, coeval with melt impregnation and high-Thydrothermal activity. The latter feature is characteristic of detachment
formation and evolution of ocean core complexes in slow-spreading MOR(e.g., Escartín et al., 2017) and COTs, at slower spreading rates than the
allegedly fast mantle exhumation at Tyrrhenian Sea basin. TIME samples
will be used for microstructural (combining EBSD in fresher samples) andgeothermometry studies in pyroxene and spinel, to reveal the mechanismof strain localization and the P-T-t cooling path, constraining the onset ofmantle exhumation.
Analyses of bulk chemistry and geochemistry (major and traceelements and Re-Os isotopes), along with analyses of ortho/clinopyroxene
couples for in-situ major and trace elements, and Sr-Nd (and Hf-Pb in lessdepleted and refertilized peridotites) isotopes on mineral separates, will
provide information on the provenance and shed light into the exhumation
process and the lateral extent of mantle heterogeneities.
Site 651 peridotites are mostly devoid of clinopyroxene, and have an
extremely residual composition characterized by high Cr/Al in spinel andvery low Al2O3 content (<1.0 wt.%). This compositional character ismarkedly different from the subcontinental and oceanic mantle peridotites
exposed in the circum-Tyrrhenian ophiolites and the Iberian COT, which
are more fertile than Tyrrhenian samples (Bonatti et al., 1990; Bodinier

October 1, 201912

Tyrrhenian Magmatism and Mantle Exhumation (TIME)

and Godard, 2003, Gonzalez-Jimenez et al., 2013). Site 651 mineralchemistry indicates high degrees of partial melting and melt extraction,with a composition similar to the most depleted peridotites found in slowspreading to ultraslow spreading MOR such as the MAR and Gakkel Ridge(Warren, 2016) or those affected by fluid-flux melting in supra-subduction
settings (Marchesi et al., 2006). It is unlikely that the residual character ofsite 651 peridotite is due to decompression partial melting leading to theearly Tyrrhenian N-MORB magmatic crust, as such depletion in peridotite
requires extremely high mantle potential temperatures and a long verticaldecompression path (Herzberg, 2004). Neither fluid-flux melting would
explain the composition of MOR composition of basaltic crust in the
Tyrrhenian extended margins. Such depletion more likely represents anunusually actively convecting mantle recording multiple episodes of(ancient) melting (Warren, 2016), or the presence of domains of old andbuoyant Archean subcontinental mantle.
Our preliminary trace element chemistry of site 651 peridotite
minerals (Fig. 10a,b) unveils a complex metasomatic and mantle melting
history. Trace elements in granular peridotite orthopyroxenes (Fig. 10b)show a highly heterogeneously distributed depleted mantle domains
overprinted by late metasomatism events leading to enrichment in LREEs(Fig. 10b). These data highlight the high potential of TIME core samples
to unravel the melting and melt-extraction history of the Tyrrhenian
mantle through detailed trace element analyses of (relic) peridotite
orthopyroxene,

clinopyroxene,

andolivine,addressing

fundamental

aspects of the IODP Challenge 8: What are the composition, structure,and dynamics of Earth’s upper mantle. We will also use Re-Os analyses —whole rock and, if available, sulfides— to decipher the protracted historyof past melting and compare it to that of other circum-Mediterranean
mantle peridotites (González-Jiménez et al., 2013). These data will notconstrain the age of young melting events but they will decode theirancient melt-extraction history that will be used to evaluate the potential
role of inherited ancient mantle depletion (e.g., Harvey et al.,2006) as a

October 1, 201913

Tyrrhenian Magmatism and Mantle Exhumation (TIME)

potential factor controlling the switch from magmatic to magma-poor
mantle exhumation during COT formation.
The Tyrrhenian region is characterized by igneous activity during the
Cenozoic showing an extreme compositional variability in space and time,
highlighting a complex evolutionary history for magmas and their sources(Peccerillo 2017; Fig. 10d). The Tyrrhenian basin hosts Miocene to
Quaternary volcanoes ranging in composition from MORB- to BAB and OIB.
MORB-type rocks occur in the Vavilov Basin (Fig. 1), but also in otherTyrrhenian volcanoes. Components with OIB-fingerprint (Trua et al., 2003,
2007; Peccerillo, 2017) have been sampled at the Marsili, Vavilov andPrometeo seamounts and from the Ustica Island (Fig. 2). A melt inclusion
study of the Marsili lavas (Trua et al., 2010) showed that the OIB
component may derive from scattered blobs of African-type mantle
instead of a well-developed asthenospheric flow as previously suggested(Trua et al., 2003). Defining the nature of different mantle components isa major goal of the project.
The first magmatic pulse, preceding mantle exhumation, has beeninferred from seismic velocities in the conjugate Cornaglia and Campanianterraces, but it has not been sampled because it does not outcrop and wasundetected until recently (Prada et al., 2014, 2015, 2016). TIME sites will
sample the volcanic layer associated with the first stages of magmatic
spreading (Figs. 1, 5, 6). Site 651 basalts recovered fresh glassy rims
suggesting these new drilled samples will provide enough glassy volcanic
samples suitable for standard radiogenic isotopic study (Sr-Nd-Hf-Pb) as
well as high-precision Ar-Ar dating, that is largely unavailable for volcanic
rocks from the Tyrrhenian seafloor. These results will allow investigating
the temporal evolution of magmatism from N-MOR to back-arc and OIB,
through the compositional evolution of basalts for major REE, LILE and
HFSE and they source (Sr-Nd-Hf-Pb isotopes), constraining the temporal
evolution of the melts involved in crustal accretion, and addressing
fundamental aspects of Challenge 9 of the Science Plan. Data fromvolcanic rockss will be compared with those of gabbroic inclusions in

October 1, 201914

Tyrrhenian Magmatism and Mantle Exhumation (TIME)

mantleperidotites

toestablishapotentiallink

betweenmantleexhumation and volcanism.
Furthermore, we will establish the relationship between mantle
sourceandTyrrhenian

volcanism.

Our

preliminary

trace

element

investigation, although on a very small sample set, reveals a clear
disequilibrium between the residual character of the rocks almost devoidof clinopyroxene and the extreme enrichment in incompatible elements in
ortho

and

clinopyroxenes

(Fig

10b).

LREE

enriched

secondaryclinopyroxenes in site 651 peridotites (Fig. 10b) are likely precipitated
from

the

same

melts

that

crystallizedtheamphibole-gabbroic

impregnations in some peridotites (Fig. 10a). These enriched patterns are
rarely found in MOR and COT settings (Warren, 2016), but present in
Tyrrhenian

OIB

and

arc-related

volcanism(Fig

10c,d).

Furthercharacterization requires additional analyses of large clinopyroxenes inperidotite with variable depletion allowing reconstructing the primary
composition of clinopyroxenes for reliable computation of the traceelement composition of equilibrium melts (particularly HFSE). Constraining
the source equilibrium melts will reveal the nature of the lateralheterogeneities dispersed in the deep source and their genetic link withTyrrhenian volcanism. For that, we will analyze trace element (LA-ICP-MS)
and, if sufficient fresh material is recovered, Sr-Nd-Pb-Hf isotopes ofmineral separates from gabbroic impregnations. Amphiboles from gabbroic
veins and patches (Fig. 10a) reveal different degrees of differentiation of
the magmas involved, suggesting the presence of deep reservoirs or enroute reactive differentiation. State-of-the-art high-precision U-Pb N-TIMS
dating of zircon, xenotime and apatite in amphibole-gabbros patches will
provide robust age constraints for mantle impregnation processes (e.g.,
Schärer et al., 1995). A coupled Ar/Ar and K/Ar geochronology of theassociated basalts will constrain the different magmatic phases. Our work
will address Challenge 9; How are seafloor spreading and mantle melting
linked to ocean crustal architecture?

October 1, 201915

Tyrrhenian Magmatism and Mantle Exhumation (TIME)

Objective 3: To establish the rheology, deformation patterns andtiming of mantle exhumation.
Mantle exhumation in the Tyrrhenian resembles the process occurring at
MOR, either at slow or ultra-slow spreading centers. In those contexts it isaccommodated by two types of faulting, respectively: 1) asymmetricdetachment faulting associated with non-negligible amount of magmatism(~50% of the extension; Tucholke et al., 2008). This allows the formation
under greenschist facies of a weak metasomatic assemblage made of talcchlorite-amphibole that localizes deformation in a ≤~100-meter thick fault(e.g. McLeod et al., 2002; Escartin et al., 2003, 2017); 2) successive
polarity change of detachment faulting (symmetric system) associatedwith very limited magmatic supply (Sauter et al., 2013) and a lesscharacterized deformation style, most probably localized in serpentinites.
The latter mechanism of exhumation has been inferred at COT with poor
magma supply, but it usually occurs at slower spreading rates than that
estimated in the Tyrrhenian, where magmatic impregnation also testifies
of non-negligible magmatic activity (see Objective 2). By analogy with
mid-ocean ridges systems (e.g. Cannat et al., 2008), temporal variationsof the extensional style are also possible, depending on the evolution of
the extension rate and magmatic supply in the Tyrrhenian basin (seeObjective 1).
The current limited sampling does not allow the identification of
exhumation mechanisms and deformation modes in Tyrrhenian peridotites,
since no clear fault plane material was drilled. High-temperature fabrics inperidotites, shown by plastically deformed pyroxene, are the only
deformation structures clearly described so far (Bonatti & al., 1990).
However, the fabrics cannot account for the whole history of massive
mantle exhumation to the surface, which implies lower T conditions. The
available samples suggest that HT deformation was actually localized in
impregnated areas of peridotites samples, subsequently altered in talcchlorite-amphibole,

highlighting

the

role

of

magmatism

in

early

localization of deformation (part of IODP SP challenge 9: How are seafloor

October 1, 201916

Tyrrhenian Magmatism and Mantle Exhumation (TIME)

spreading and mantle melting linked to ocean crustal architecture). Talc,
having one of the lowest friction coefficients, is key in localizing
deformation thanks to its weak (001) plane over a wide range of T
conditions (Escartin et al., 2008). Such a weak assemblage, locallyfoliated, can reinforce the localization of deformation at lower T conditions(greenschist facies), also attested by broken pyroxene and amphiboles,
and contribute to exhumation by faulting (Fig. 11a-b). The capability ofthe tectono-magmatic interplay to create such an assemblage is similar toconditions of asymmetric detachment at MOR, but real fault schists
attesting of high strain zones have not been collected yet.
Drilling peridotites at 3 sites will increase the likelihood to sample
fault material from the main slip surface and the damage zone associatedto the detachment. Detachment faults are ~75-100 meter thick at MOR(Escartin et al., 2017), and secondary shearing areas are locally observed
down to 300 m into the footwall (Bonnemains et al., 2016). A fully
silicified brecciated diabase occurs in the upper 70 m under a MOR
detachment fault (Bonnemains et al., 2016). Drilling two holes of ~140m
depth into the Tyrrhenian peridotite will help understanding deformation
partitioning with depth, to be later used in numerical thermal models(Objective 5).
MOR observations show that deformation mechanisms at exhumed
mantle areas are heterogeneous, and associated to variable intensity andtype of hydrothermalism. This highlights the complex interplay betweenhydrothermal fluid circulation, magmatism, and faulting, and broadens thepossible exhumation mechanisms and deformation modes in this kind ofsetting, so that new Tyrrhenian samples may display unexpected
processes.
Objective 4: To determine fluid-rock interactions in peridotite
basement
Available peridotite samples from Leg 107 (hole 651) are largely hydrated
but some samples show pyroxene and olivine relicts allowing their use for

October 1, 201917

Tyrrhenian Magmatism and Mantle Exhumation (TIME)

magmatic studies (Objective 2). Peridotites show different stages ofalteration, ranging from amphibolite to greenschist facies, and also somelow-T processes (<100°C) marked by clays and hydroxides formation(Bonatti et al., 1990). Superficial alteration of peridotites by colder
seawater during long exposition at the seafloor (i.e. leaching) canconsiderably

modifythegeochemicalrecordofmagmaticandhydrothermal processes but it is usually limited to the uppermost section.
Static serpentinization is the dominant alteration process in peridotites(Figs. 11c-d) away from melt impregnation; otherwise, the metasomatic
assemblage talc-chlorite-amphibole is observed.
Serpentinization textures (mesh and bastite) are very similar to
those observed at MOR with abundant magnetite veins suggesting aformation T near 300-350°C concomitant with exhumation tectonics (Bachet al., 2004; Andreani et al., 2007, 2013; Klein et al., 2014). From ageochemical point of view, serpentinites act as sponges for fluid mobile
elements (Deschamps et al., 2011; Debret et al., 2013a, 2013b) and may
have recorded a contribution from upward subducted fluids, which has to
be investigated. A comprehensive geochemical study will provide a uniquedataset to be compared with other settings (forearc, MOR, subduction: e.g.
Debret et al., 2019; Deschamps et al., 2013) and address the specificityof the water-rock exchanges at COT. The search for fluid inclusions, more
direct markers of fluid circulating at depth, requires fresher samples that
may be recovered in the proposed deepest holes.
A second stage of serpentinization also occurs, forming serpentine
textures poorer in magnetite. Such textures are usually more abundant in
ophiolites and continental rifted margins where they are associated withvery low magnetic susceptibility and lower T of serpentinization (<150200°C; Figs. 11e-g) (Oufi et al., 2002; Seyfried et al., 2007; Klein et al.,2014; Bonnemains et al., 2016). More abundant sampling for oxygenisotopes and magnetic measurements is required to test whether
Tyrrhenian serpentinites differ from those at other COTs (Klein et al.,2014) where serpentinization T seems lower (Fig. 11g).

October 1, 201918

Tyrrhenian Magmatism and Mantle Exhumation (TIME)

The search for low T (past or active) serpentinization or alteration in
general in such systems is determinant to better constrain the seawaterlithosphere chemical exchange through time away from spreading centers,
after tectono-magmatic processes ceased. This is still missing for the
global budget, central to IODP SP challenge 10: What are the mechanisms,
magnitude, and history of chemical exchanges between the oceanic crustand seawater. While evidence of active serpentinization/alteration at T
<200°C below inactive faults exists near MOR (e.g. Lost City at Atlantis
massif, MAR; Clamstone and Ghost City at Rainbow massif, MAR), its
extent through time has not been addressed by drilling because of the
thick sediment cover away from the ridge. In particular, it is an
unquantified contributor to H2 production, carbon conversion and storage,
and ecosystem development in oceanic lithosphere. H2 and abiotic reduced
carbon species, both volatiles and condensed (Fig. 4: see review inAndreani & Ménez, 2019), can be produced during serpentinization andthrive ecosystem development at shallow levels. Drilling Tyrrhenian
peridotite provides the opportunity to quantify long-term alteration
processes and test whether serpentinization is still active at the upper
section of a peridotite exhumed 2-5 Ma covered by sediment.
The deepest holes will allow exploring the T and fluid composition
with depth, and especially relate the distribution of H2, organic volatiles,
and ecosystems with rock properties. Different locations will allow
addressing the lateral heterogeneity of possible outflow, complementing
similar investigations of recent IODP Exp. IODP 357 at Atlantis Massif, andICDP Oman Drilling project, but in a different geological setting.
Investigating redox-sensitive elements such as metals, S and C will help
to decipher the evolution of redox conditions and possible biogeochemical
processes

notablyatthebasement-sedimentinterface

where

the

strongest geochemical gradient are expected (e.g. Andreani et al., 2013;
Debret et al., 2017; Ménez et al., 2018). This objective addresses IODPSP challenges 13 (What properties and processes govern the flow andOctober 1, 201919

Tyrrhenian Magmatism and Mantle Exhumation (TIME)

storage of carbon in the subseafloor?) and 14 (How do fluids linksubseafloor tectonic, thermal, and biogeochemical processes?).
Objective 5: To test models of rifting and COT formation.
Results from Objectives 1-4 will provide a unique dataset of the main
parameters governing COT formation, not available at other systems in
the world, which will allow evaluating conceptual models of COT formation.
The parameters, will provide the framework for model testing throughquantitative

numerical

modelling,rather

than

the

more

commonqualitative descriptions of models.
Objectives 1, 2 and 3 will provide the kinematics and geometry, inspace and time, of the extensional deformation of the brittle layer, andthe transition from ductile to brittle deformation in the mantle asexhumation progressed.
Integration of the timing and spatial evolution of the deformation withestimation of PT conditions for mantle mineral, and a melting evolutionarymodel resulting from Objectives 2 and 3, will provide the information todefine the 3D rheological evolution of the system.
The study of fluid-rock interaction of Objective 4, integrated with theinformation of Objectives 1-3, will help constrain the depth of penetrationand strength of the hydrothermal system active during extension andafter tectonism stopped.
The model predictions will be compared to P-wave velocity of thebasin, obtained from the 7 WAS profiles discussed above. P-wave velocity
models were produced with state-of-the-art travel time tomography andcan be interpreted in terms of distribution of porosity and rock type forbasalts and degree of serpentinization for mantle peridotite. This
information will further constrain the thermal and rheological structure of
the extension system.
The holistic quantitative database of the system will be used toconstrain numerical models of lithospheric deformation, melt production
and mantle exhumation reproducing the conditions of the Tyrrhenian

October 1, 201920

Tyrrhenian Magmatism and Mantle Exhumation (TIME)

system. The parameter space of the numerical code will be tested toinvestigate the range of changes necessary to produce other COT
scenarios in literature and evaluate the feasibility of producing them using
physically realistic conditions.
Numerical models predict that serpentinized mantle exhumation at
the COT occurs either related to slow extension velocity or due tooriginally depleted mantle (e.g. Pérez-Gussinyé et al. 2006, Ros et al.,2017). This applies particularly for strong rheologies. In contrast, weak
initial lithospheric rheologies lead to ultra-wide margins and no mantle
exhumation, but produce an abrupt transition to magmatic oceanic crust,as observed in the South China Sea (Ros et al., 2017, Davis and Lavier,2017).
Numerical models using constant mantle potential temperature andcomposition indicate that in cases where mantle exhumation andserpentinization first occur, melting progressively increases until formationof a normal oceanic crust. In space, the continental crust is adjacent to
the exhumed serpentinised mantle, and this is followed by magmaticoceanic spreading. The Tyrrhenian, however, challenges these view
because continental crust abruptly abuts magmatic oceanic crust, whichitself abuts younger exhumed mantle. The data collected during IODP in
combination with state-of-the-art numerical modeling techniques will allow
us to understand the conditions necessary to produce such an assemblageof basement domains, and whether this might be a common process. The
fact is that oceanic ridges show significant lateral and temporal variations
along and among ridge segments, from magmatic to non-magmatic
spreading. This alternation projected in time, may lead to structure
configurations similar to that of the Tyrrhenian. Numerical models
constrained with the TIME data will allow testing and mapping of theparameters controlling these changes. Two potential candidates may belateral mantle heterogeneities or changes in velocity.
State-of-the-art modeling techniques solve for the momentum, heatand mass conservations equations of a visco-elasto-plastic lithosphere-

October 1, 201921

Tyrrhenian Magmatism and Mantle Exhumation (TIME)

asthenosphere system, allowing to simulate deformation, sedimentation,
melting, serpentinisation and the dynamic interactions between them (Roset al., 2017, Andrés-Martínez et al., 2019). These fully dynamic models
can be adapted to simulate deformation along a given cross sections (orseismic profile), in that the location of brittle faults is given as inputs tothe fully dynamic model. Figure 12 shows a simulation with Kinedyn,
which allows not only to analyze the response of the model to input
parameter variations, e.g. to rheologies, temperature, extension velocity,
etc., but also to simulate deformation mapped on a seismic profile. Thisapproach will be used to integrate kinematics with rheological andtemperature evolution derived from objectives 1 to 4 into detailed
structural sections.
Numerical models will also incorporate hydrothermal circulation andthe thermodynamics of fluid-rock interactions. The study of fluid-rockinteraction of Objective 4, integrated with the information of Objectives 13, will provide strong constraints on the depth of penetration and strengthof the hydrothermal system active during extension and after tectonism
stopped. Thus the combination of modeling and observations will permit toanalyze the influence of fluids in the mode of deformation and also therole of fluid-rock interaction in element exchange.
Finally, the petrology in numerical simulations will be transformed to
P-wave velocities and compared to measured P-wave velocities from the
WAS lines, and analyzed in light of petrological drilling results.
Objective 5 addresses essential aspects of IODP SP challenges 8:“What are the composition, structure and dynamics of Earth’s upper
mantle?” and 9: “How are seafloor spreading and mantle melting linked toocean crustal architecture?”
Expected scientific impact of the drilling and analysis results
The ground-truth provided by drilling and the analysis of the cores
described in objectives 1-4, with their integration into quantitative
numerical modelling in Objective 5, will test conventional wisdom models

October 1, 201922

Tyrrhenian Magmatism and Mantle Exhumation (TIME)

of COT formation. Our holistic approach will, for the first time, determine
3D crustal and mantle deformation style and rates, and will quantitatively
relate them to melting models that will be linked to mantle processes.
Strategy for addressing the scientific objectives through drilling,
logging or other downhole measurement:1) Coring by APC of entire sediment column at Vavilov Basin (TYR-6A).
RCB with recovery for the others. Recovery is particularly important in thetens of meters above basement to calibrate ages based on microfossils
and evaluate rock-fluid interactions with possible biogeochemical evidenceof active serpentinization at depth.
2) Basement coring with rotary drilling aimed at rock recovery. Pore water
samples will be taken at least in 1 site on serpentinized mantle to study
fluid-rock interaction and potential faunal communities.
3) Well logging is required for the project goals:- All sites with triple combo: natural gamma, resistivity, magnetic
susceptibility, litho-density for their interpretation.
- All sites, but particularly important in basement, should have Spectral
natural gamma, acoustic velocity (sonic), shear anisotropy, and (oriented)
electrical images. These measurements will provide correlation withseismic images, particularly important to understand rock nature, andorientation, extent, and mechanisms of deformation structures observedin cores.
- Logging temperature every 35 meters approaching basement to detect
potential fluid flow or active (exothermic) serpentinization processes. In
addition, we plan to acquire more geophysical data to further characterize
structure and nature of the basement.
- Sites priority is: TYR-3A, TYR-1A, TYR-6A, TYR-4A, TYR-5A, TYR-2A.
- Site TYR-3A targets the mantle peridotites of the Vavilov Basin andrepresents the “core” of the W-E and N-S transects, it is one of the two
deeper holes (140 m). TYR-1A is located in the Cornaglia Terrace, belongs
to the W-E transect and targets the pre-exhumation basalts. TYR-6A

October 1, 201923

Tyrrhenian Magmatism and Mantle Exhumation (TIME)

trargets the upper mantle peridotites in the northernmost portion of the
Vavilov Basin and belongs to the N-S transect. TYR-4A completes the W-E
transect in the Vavilov Basin and will provide the sediment log of thisbasin by the APC/XCB technique. TYR-5A completes the N-S transect
drilling to 140 m in basement. TYR-1A completes the W-E transect.
A goal for at least 2 sites in exhumed mantle is crossing theexhumation fault zone, assumed to be ≤~100 meter thick (Escartin et al.,2017). TYR-3A and TYR-5A will penetrate 140 meters into the mantle tolikely cross the fault zone and, two sites will penetrate 70 m, which might
be enough to drill through the fault too. Sites in Cornaglia and Campania
Terrances will penetrate 70 meters into basement basalt.
Justification for the time requested
To accomplish the goals, TIME needs to reach the Tyrrhenian basement at
the six sites. Four sites in the Vavilov Basin target exhumed mantle (TYR3A, TYR-4A, TYR-5A, TYR-6A) and sites at Cornaglia and Campania
terraces (TYR-1A, TYR-2A) target magmatic basement.
To estimate the time needed for the four sites in Vavilov sites
peridotite we use ODP leg 107 site 651 information, because they are atsimilar water depth and share the stratigraphy
To estimate the time required for holes TYR-1A, TYR-2A we use site
653 information located not far from TYR-1A (Cornaglia Terrace) andpenetrated possibly similar lithologies above basement.
To compute basement penetration we estimated the maximun
penetration in a 60-days leg duration considering the ≤~100 m inferredthickness of the detachment to be crossed at least by two holes. The
penetration depth was addapted to the standard logging-tool string lengthof ~35 m . We obtained the statistics for wave height and period for thewhole year (loaded in the SSDB), which gives 1% probability for waves
higher 5 meters.
In total we estimate for 6 holes 4.9 (TYR-1A) + 8.8 (TYR-2A) + 8.0(TYR-3A) + 11.9 (TYR-4A) + 6.3 (TYR-5A) + 11.6 (TYR-6A) = 51.5 days

October 1, 201924

Tyrrhenian Magmatism and Mantle Exhumation (TIME)

of operations and 2.3 days transit time assuming beginning/end of
expedition in Naples/Marseille and transit at 10.5 knots plus 5.0 days of
Port

call.

This

computation

is

based

on

the

operations/timing

recommendations from the SEP operation office. This estimate includes
1.2 days time for weather delays notwithstanding the favourable meteo
condition of the region for any season.
The TIME drill plan fits into a 60 days iODP leg. Leg 107 achieved a
total penetration of 2954 meters in 45 days leg. TIME plans 3275 meters(311 meters more than leg 107) in 60 days leg. Alternate sites TYR-7A to
TYR-12A require similar operational times.
Site characterization
The Tyrrhenian basin has had three drilling expedition: DSDP leg 13, site
132; DSPD leg 42, site 373 and ODP leg 107, sites 650-656. These data
provide excellent information on the stratigraphy. Leg 107 drilled thebasement of Vavilov basin target of TIME.
In the Vavilov basin (TYR-3A, TYR-4A, TYR-5A, TYR-6A) sediment
thickness ranges from ~142 (TYR-5A) to ~902 meters (TYR-6A). The
oldest sediment drilled lapping on basement is Early Pliocene (3.6 Ma,
Kastensetal.,1987).

This

sediment

is

made

of

volcanoclastics

interbedded with marly muds, pumice sandy layers and cemented volcanic
breccia. Basement TIME sites in Vavilov are chosen to drill partlyserpentinized peridotite, but might contain a few meters of basalt and/or
basalt breccia in the shallow-most section.
Cornaglia (TYR-1A) and Campania Terraces (TYR-2A) Plio-Quaternary
to Messinian stratigraphy was sampled at site 653. Plio-Quaternary strata
are nannofossil ooze, clastics and ash layers. Messinian evaporites in the
Mediterranean have the so-called “trilogy” of -from bottom to topgypsum, halite, and gypsum units, clearly seismically imaged (Roveri etal., 2014). In the Tyrrhenian the trilogy is restricted to the deepest
portion of the basin during the Messinian crisis i.e. part of Cornaglia basin
and possibly south of Magnaghi seamount (Fig. 1). Site TYR-1A in

October 1, 201925

Tyrrhenian Magmatism and Mantle Exhumation (TIME)

Cornaglia is away from salt deposit, but will drill upper gypsum evaporites.
Campania Terrace site TYR-2A will drill upper gypsum.
Relation with other projects
The objectives of TIME are directly related to the objectives of the USGeoPrism program and the international Interridge community, in addition
to several EU-national programs.
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Figures captions:Figure 1. Bathymetric and topographic map of the Tyrrhenian region
located in the western Mediterranean (see inset). Bathymetric data aredownloaded

from

EMODnetportal(http://portal.emodnet-

bathymetry.eu/gebco-bathymetry-basemap), while topographic data arepart of 90m-SRTM dataset freely downloaded by web. Black thick and redlines depict respectively the WAS and MCS transects acquired during the
October 1, 201935

Tyrrhenian Magmatism and Mantle Exhumation (TIME)

MEDOC and CHIANTI experiment. The most relevant profiles for this study
are MEDOC4/WAS EF Line (Prada et al., 2015) and MEDOC6/WAS GH Line
(Prada et al. ,2014) in the Central Tyrrhenian. Locations of OBS, andOBHs used to acquire WAS data are indicated by yellow circles while land
stations are shown in red. Green polygons show the location of ODP and
DSDP sites sampled in the seventies and eighties (Dietrich et al., 1977;
Kastens and Mascle, 1990), while pink polygons depict the location of the
proposed IODP sites TYR-1A to TYR-6A. The location of OBH 83 along line
MEDOC6/WAS GH and OBS 28 along CHIANTI-WAS2 line, shown in Figure
7, are also included in the map. Bottom: cartoon showing the kimematicof the Tyrrhenian from rifting to mantle exhumation based on the amountof crustal thinning derived for the four W-E refraction lines.
Figure 2. Bathymetric map of the Tyrrhenian basin, produced by using
middle resolution data downloaded from EMODnet portal, including thelocation of ODP and DSDP sites and respective synthetized stratigraphic
columns of the recovery (Kastens and Mascle et al., 1990).
Figure 3. (a) Bouguer anomaly from satellite-derived free air anomaly(Sandwell et al., 2014). Bouguer anomalies are obtained by subtractingfrom free air anomalies the attraction of seafloor topography and of
unconsolidated sediments using a density contrast of 1630 Kg/m3 and of
770Kg/m3, respectively. (b) Reduced to Pole (RTP) magnetic anomaly of
the aeromagnetic field (AGIP and SGN, 1994) from Caratori Tontini et al.
(2004). (c) Heat Flow Map of the Tyrrhenian region modified after Della
Vedova et al. (2001). (d) Plio-Quaternary Isopach Map of the Tyrrhenian
Basin derived from a dense network of high-resolution, single-channel,
seismic reflection profiles (Fig.1, inset). (e) Map of the pre-Tortonianrocks distribution in the Tyrrhenian region with their radiometric ages
(From Sartori, 2005), 1 Variscan rocks, 2 Metamorphic units of Alpine
Corsica, 3 Calabride-Peloritanian-Kabilide units, 4 Oligocene to MiddleLate Miocene sedimentary rocks, 5 Ophiolite of the Tethyan domain, 6

October 1, 201936

Tyrrhenian Magmatism and Mantle Exhumation (TIME)

Apenninic-Maghrebianunits,

7

Carbonatesequenceof

Apenninic-

Maghrebian units, 8 Central Tyrrhenian metamorphic rock of uncertain
paleogeographic attribution,

9 Tyrrhenian mantle sertpentinites(f)

distribution of Oligocene to Recent magmatic rocks with rock ages
reported only at sea (From Sartori, 2005), 1 Oligocene to Middle Miocene
island arc basal, 2 Tortonian to Recent rocks either with mantle sources
contaminated by crustal materials, or derived from upper crustal sources,
or derived by mixing between crustal and mantle sources (Tuscany andLatium on land), 3 Pleistocene to recent rocks with ocean island basalt
mantle sources enriched by subduction-related sources (Campania), 4
Pliocene to Recent rocks with island arc basalt type mantle sources, 5
Pliocene to Recent rocks derived from ocean island basalt (OIB) type andfrom mid-oceanic ridge basalt (MORB) mantle sources, 6 Rocks from
undefined magma sources.
Figure 4. (a) 2D P-wave velocity (Vp) models of transects EF (Prada etal., 2015) and (b) GH (Prada et al., 2014). Yellow circles display locationof land-stations, and OBS/H along both profiles. Blue lines represent the
PmP-inverted Moho geometry (modified from Prada et al., 2015). Alongtransect EF (a) and GH (b), velocity changes laterally abruptly inbasement, indicating crustal thinning toward the center of the basin. The
serpentinized mantle extends in W-E direction for more than 100 km
along model GH (b). The absence of PmP wide-angle reflections indicate
the lack of a sharp Moho discontinuity under Vavilov and Magnaghi basins.
Additionally, recent analysis of converted S-waves from MEDOC OBHs
deployed in the area of mantle exhumation, reported Vp/Vs and Poisson’s
ratios within the range of partially serpentinized peridotite, rather than
oceanic gabbro/diabase (Prada et al., 2016), further supporting thepresence of exhumed mantle. (c) Bathymetric and topographic map of theCentral Tyrrhenian with the interpretation of the spatial distribution of themain basement domains. The interpretation of this map is based on
geophysical information of both WAS and MCS transects, rock sampling

October 1, 201937

Tyrrhenian Magmatism and Mantle Exhumation (TIME)(colored triangles) (Colantoni et al., 1981; Kastens and Mascle, 1990),
and from geomorphological observations. Based on P-wave velocity
models three domains can be identified: continental crust (light yellow),magmatic crust (light brown) and serpentinized mantle (green). P-wave
velocity models and particularly vertical velocity gradients support theexistence of a large expanse of exhumed mantle (Fig. 3a-b). (d) Tectonic
map of the Cornaglia-Magnaghi-Vavilov-Campania region showing thelocation of faults active during Messinian and Early-Middle Pliocene(courtesy from M.F. Loreto, ISMAR-CNR). (e) Cartoon showing the threestage of formation of the Magnaghi-Vavilov basin as discussed in Prada etal (2016) and inferred from radiometric ages and stratigraphic data
information (Prada et al., 2016 and references therein).
Figure 5. Time migrated MCS profile MEDOC 6 showing a consistent lackof Moho reflections under Vavilov and Magnaghi basins, as observed forwide-angle seismic data in Fig. 4b. In these profiles, Moho reflections,indicated by the dashed black lines, terminate abruptly at the location
where WAS derived reflections also stop.
Figure 6. Frombottom to top, close ups of the time-migrated MCS

MEDOC lines 6, 9, 8, 11. Colored triangles indicate the nature of thebasement imaged by MCS lines as in Fig.4c. Locations of drill sites TYR-12-3-4-5-6A are shown in pink displaying the depth of penetration, andhence, the target of the proposed IODP site. Locations of the alternate
drill sites are shown in black. Inset: Bathymetric map with the location of
WAS and MCS MEDOC transects used in this proposal, thick yellow lines
depict the location of seismic lines shown in this figure together with thelocation of the proposed drill sites.
Figure 7.(a) Record section of OBH 83, and (b) OBS 28 used to acquire
respectively WAS data along MEDOC line G-H and CHIANTI line WAS2
respectively. Both record sections are corrected using a velocity of 8 km/s.

October 1, 201938

Tyrrhenian Magmatism and Mantle Exhumation (TIME)

The flat geometry of travel-time curves defined by first arrivals implies
that the average P-wave velocity of the subsurface is close to the
reduction velocity applied, that is ~8 km/s. This apparent velocity is
anomalously high for oceanic crust (i.e. 6.5-7.0 km/s), but not forexhumed mantle rocks. The location along the line of the receivers isshown in Figure 1. (c) Characteristics of the drilling sites proposed in the
TIME pre-proposal.
Figure 8. Close ups of time migrated MCS MEDOC sections 6, 8, 9 and 11
at the area of IODP drilling sites proposed here. In dark pink is shown thelocation of the proposed wells and in black the location of the alternate
wells with the estimated depth of penetration (see map in Fig.1 for thelocation of wells and MCS lines).
Figure 9. Pictures of ODP Leg 107 cores at site 651 (651A-58R)
illustrating different lithologies and structures of residual peridotites withvariable degrees of late magmatic veining. (a) Top: Dunite patches inhighly depleted granular harzburgite with late veining (651A-58R1-50-65).
Bottom: Thin section micrograph of the same core showing coarse
orthopyroxene-spinel aggregates (blueish) of typical of protogranularharzburgite in a matrix of heavily serpentinized olivine (black-dark brownbackground) (crossed-polarized; field of view 2x3.5 cm). (b) Top: Typicalgranular harzburgite in site 651 (651A-58R1-94-102); Bottom: Thin
section micrograph of the same core showing rounded clusters (whitish
areas with blueish-red and yellow grains) of granular orthopyroxene-spinelwith late magmatic clinopyroxene in a matrix of heavily serpentinizedolivine (dark brown) (crossed-polarized; field of view 2x3 cm). (c) Top:
Highly depleted granular harzburgite with pervasive intrusion of lateamphibole gabbroic veining, heavily transformed to talc-chlorite androdingite (651A-58R3-20-37). Bottom: Thin section micrograph (crossedpolarized; field of view 1x1.5 cm). Below: Thin section micrograph ofgabbroic patches with plagioclase transformed to rodingite assemblages

October 1, 201939

Tyrrhenian Magmatism and Mantle Exhumation (TIME)(white and brownish areas) preserving grains of amphibole-clinopyroxene(red-green and yellow) (crossed-polarized; field of view 1.5x2.5 cm) (d)Top: Picture of core section with a cm-scale protomylonite harzburgite
attesting for high-temperature ductile strain localization in shear zones insite 651A; the ductile deformation is overprinted by late synkinematic
gabbroic and talc-chlorite veins attesting for late synkinematic melt
impregnation (651A-58R3-110-129). Bottom: Thin section of the same
core showing harzburgites with a porphyroclastic textures characteristic ofhigh-T protomylonite (800-900oC) showing rounded orthopyroxene

porphyroclast and highly stretched spinels (black elongated grains) in aheavily serpentinized fine-grained olivine matrix.
Figure 10. Chondrite-normalized extended trace element patterns ofminerals from Leg107 site 651R peridotite and gabbroic rocks, analysedby

LA-ICP-MS

analyses(unpublishedpreliminary

results):(a)amphibole in gabbroic veins and patches (651A-58R3-28-36); (b)clinopyroxene and orthopyroxene in protogranular harzburgites in coresections 651A-58R1-50-65 and 651A-58R1-94-102. See Figure 1 for
textures. (c and d): Primitive mantle-normalized incompatible element
patterns of submarine mafic volcanics (MgO>4.0 %) from the southern
Tyrrhenian Sea (Fig. 12.4 of Peccerillo, 2017).

Figure 11. a) Deformation textures observed in sample 651A-68-1-86
from Leg 107 (hole 651). b) Typical serpentinization textures ofperidotites recovered at ODP Leg 107 (sample 651A-58-4-99) displaying
both magnetite-rich and magnetite-poor areas. c) Compilation of existing
data

for

serpentinites

susceptibility

versusgrain

densityandcorresponding serpentinization degree from different oceanic settings(Bonnemains et al., 2016). d) Histogram showing serpentinization
temperatures from oxygen isotope thermometer showing a bimodal
distribution of magnetite-poor samples from Iberia margin and magnetiterich samples from mid-ocean ridge settings (Klein et al., 2014). MAR—
October 1, 201940

Tyrrhenian Magmatism and Mantle Exhumation (TIME)

Mid-Atlantic Ridge; MARK—Mid-Atlantic Ridge Kane Transform. At Bottom,
examples of occurrences of organic carbon in serpentinized oceanic rocks:(e) SEM image of O-bearing condensed carbonaceous matter abioticallyformed jointly with hematite (Hem) and saponite (Sap) during the low-T
alteration (T<150°C) of oceanic serpentinites of the Ligurian Tethyan
ophiolites (Sforna et al., 2018); (f) Associated elemental distributions ofcarbon (red) and iron (green) within the white square area in (e); (g)Transmission

electronmicroscope

(TEM)

image

showingpolyhedral

serpentine (pol-spt) sections wet by a jelly film of organic carbon
interfacing between the pol-spt and an andraditic hydrogarnet (H-adr) inserpentinites from the MAR (4-6°N) (Ménez et al., 2018).
Figure 12. Top: Seismic section along the West Iberia margin. center:
Modelled section with Kinedyn, which fits the pattern of crustal thinningand faulting observed along the seismic line. Shown are the crust inbrownish colours, the mantle in olive green. The Moho in blue dashed line
and the plastic and viscous strain rates for that time step during themodel run. The area shaded in yellow corresponds to the sediment.
Bottom: temperature field for that time step during the model run.

October 1, 201941

Tyrrhenian Magmatism and Mantle Exhumation (TIME)

October 1, 201942

Tyrrhenian Magmatism and Mantle Exhumation (TIME)

October 1, 201943

Tyrrhenian Magmatism and Mantle Exhumation (TIME)

October 1, 201944

Tyrrhenian Magmatism and Mantle Exhumation (TIME)

October 1, 201945

Tyrrhenian Magmatism and Mantle Exhumation (TIME)

October 1, 201946

Tyrrhenian Magmatism and Mantle Exhumation (TIME)

October 1, 201947

Tyrrhenian Magmatism and Mantle Exhumation (TIME)

October 1, 201948

Tyrrhenian Magmatism and Mantle Exhumation (TIME)

October 1, 201949

Tyrrhenian Magmatism and Mantle Exhumation (TIME)

Figure 9

October 1, 201950

Tyrrhenian Magmatism and Mantle Exhumation (TIME)

Figure 10

October 1, 201951

Tyrrhenian Magmatism and Mantle Exhumation (TIME)

Figure 11

October 1, 201952

Tyrrhenian Magmatism and Mantle Exhumation (TIME)

Figure 12

October 1, 201953

IODP Site Forms

927 - Full

Form 1 – General Site Information

Section A: Proposal Information

Proposal Title

Date Form Submitted

Tyrrhenian Magmatism & Mantle Exhumation

2019-10-01 08:55:38

Site-Specific The basement of the Cornaglia Terrace
Objectives with
Priority(Must include generalobjectives in proposal)

List Previous
Drilling in Area

DSDP 132, DSDP 373, ODP 650-656

Section B: General Site Information

Site Name:

Area or Location: Tyrrhenian Sea

TYR-01A

If site is a reoccupation of an
old DSDP/ODP Site, Please
include former Site#

Latitude:Deg:

Longitude:

Deg:

Distance to Land: 112(km)

10.9984

Coordinate System:
Priority of Site:

Jurisdiction: italian

40.0025

WGS 84
Primary:

Generated: 2019-10-01T20:02:48+00:00✓⃞

Alternate:⃞

Water Depth (m): 2675

2

Section C: Operational Information

Proposed
Penetration (m):Sediments

Basement

286

70

Total Sediment Thickness (m)286

Total Penetration (m):General Lithologies:

356

continental basement rocks

Terrigenous sand/silt/clay over about 70
meters of messinian gypsum

Coring Plan:(Specify or check)
APC

Wireline Logging
Plan:

XCB

RCB

Standard Measurements

Special Tools

✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓

Magnetic Susceptibility

WL
Porosity
DensityGamma Ray
Resistivity
Sonic (∆t)
Formation Image (Res)VSP (zero offset)
Formation Temperature& Pressure

Borehole Temperature✓

Re-entry

PCS

Other
tools:

Formation Image(Acoustic)
VSP (walkaway)
LWD

Other Measurements:

Estimated Days:

Drilling/Coring:

3.7

Logging:

1.2

Observatory Plan:

Longterm Borehole Observation Plan/Re-entry Plan

Potential Hazards/
Weather:

Shallow Gas

Complicated Seabed
Condition

Hydrothermal Activity

Hydrocarbon

Soft SeabedLandslide and Turbidity
Current

Shallow Water Flow

Currents

Gas Hydrate

Abnormal Pressure

Fracture Zone

Diapir and Mud Volcano

Man-made Objects

Fault

High Temperature

H2S

High Dip Angle

Ice Conditions(e.g., sea-floor cables,
dump sites)

CO2
Sensitive marine
habitat (e.g., reefs,

vents)

Other:

Generated: 2019-10-01T20:02:48+00:00

Total On-site:

4.9

Preferred weather window

IODP Site Forms

Proposal #:927 - Full 2

Form 2 - Site Survey Detail

Site #:

TYR-01A

Data TypeIn SSDB

1a High resolution seismic reflection (primary)no1b High resolution seismic seismic reflection (crossing)no2a Deep penetration seismic reflection (primary)yes

2b Deep penetration seismic reflection (crossing)no

3 Seismic Velocity

yes

4 Seismic Gridno5a Refraction (surface)no5b Refraction (bottom)

yes

6 3.5 kHzno

7 Swath bathymetryyes

8a Side looking sonar (surface)no8b Side looking sonar (bottom)no9 Photography or video

no10 Heat Flowyes

11a Magnetics

yes

11b Gravity

yes

12 Sediment coresno13 Rock samplingno14a Water current datano14b Ice Conditions

no15 OBS microseismicity

no16 Navigationno17 Otherno

Generated: 2019-10-01T20:02:48+00:00

Date Form Submitted: 2019-10-01 08:55:38

Details of available data and data that are still to be collected

Line: MEDOC_6
Position: CDP
Stack RMS velocitty

P-wave velocity from WAS data
100 x 100 m grid cell size

IODP Site Forms

Proposal #:927 - Full 2

Pollution & Safety Hazard
1. Summary of operations at site
2. All hydrocarbon occurrences based on
previous DSDP/ODP/IODP drilling
3. All commercial drilling in this area that
produced or yielded significant
hydrocarbon shows
4. Indications of gas hydrates at thislocation
5. Are there reasons to expecthydrocarbon accumulations at this site?
6. What "special" precautions will betaken during drilling?
7. What abandonment procedures need
to be followed?
8. Natural or manmade hazards which
may affect ship's operations
9. Summary: What do you consider the
major risks in drilling at this site?

Generated: 2019-10-01T20:02:48+00:00

Form 4 - Environmental Protection

Site #:

Comment

TYR-01A

Date Form Submitted: 2019-10-01 08:55:38

IODP Site Forms

Proposal #:Form 5 - Lithologies

927 - Full 2

Site #:

TYR-01A

Date Form Submitted: 2019-10-01 08:55:38

reflectors,
Subbottom Key
depth (m) unconformities,
faults, etc

Age (My)

Assumedvelocity(km/s)

Lithology

Paleo-environment

Avg. accum.
rate (m/My)

Comments

2670 2680

8

5.750

basaltoceanic

26

N/A

basalts

Generated: 2019-10-01T20:02:48+00:00

IODP Site Forms

927 - Full

Form 1 – General Site Information

Section A: Proposal Information

Proposal Title

Date Form Submitted

Tyrrhenian Magmatism & Mantle Exhumation

2019-10-01 08:55:38

Site-Specific The basement of the Campania Terrace
Objectives with
Priority(Must include generalobjectives in proposal)

List Previous
Drilling in Area

DSDP 132, DSDP 373, ODP 650-656

Section B: General Site Information

Site Name:

Area or Location: Tyrrhenian Sea

TYR-02A

If site is a reoccupation of an
old DSDP/ODP Site, Please
include former Site#

Latitude:Deg:

Longitude:

Deg:

Distance to Land: 113(km)

13.40327

Coordinate System:
Priority of Site:

Jurisdiction: Italian

40.00036

WGS 84
Primary:

Generated: 2019-10-01T20:02:48+00:00✓⃞

Alternate:⃞

Water Depth (m): 2813

2Section C: Operational Information

Proposed
Penetration (m):Sediments

Basement

652

70

Total Sediment Thickness (m)652

Total Penetration (m):General Lithologies:

722

continental basement rocks

Terrigenous sand/silt/clay in the first 419 m.
and gypsum for 233 m.

Coring Plan:(Specify or check)
APC

Wireline Logging
Plan:

XCB

RCB

Standard Measurements

Special Tools

✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓

Magnetic Susceptibility

WL
Porosity
DensityGamma Ray
Resistivity
Sonic (∆t)
Formation Image (Res)VSP (zero offset)
Formation Temperature& Pressure

Borehole Temperature✓

Re-entry

PCS

Other
tools:

Formation Image(Acoustic)
VSP (walkaway)
LWD

Other Measurements:

Estimated Days:

Drilling/Coring:

7.2

Logging:

1.6

Observatory Plan:

Longterm Borehole Observation Plan/Re-entry Plan

Potential Hazards/
Weather:

Shallow Gas

Complicated Seabed
Condition

Hydrothermal Activity

Hydrocarbon

Soft SeabedLandslide and Turbidity
Current

Shallow Water Flow

Currents

Gas Hydrate

Abnormal Pressure

Fracture Zone

Diapir and Mud Volcano

Man-made Objects

Fault

High Temperature

H2S

High Dip Angle

Ice Conditions(e.g., sea-floor cables,
dump sites)

CO2
Sensitive marine
habitat (e.g., reefs,

vents)

Other:

Generated: 2019-10-01T20:02:48+00:00

Total On-site:

8.8

Preferred weather window

IODP Site Forms

Proposal #:927 - Full 2

Form 2 - Site Survey Detail

Site #:

TYR-02A

Data TypeIn SSDB

1a High resolution seismic reflection (primary)no1b High resolution seismic seismic reflection (crossing)no2a Deep penetration seismic reflection (primary)yes

2b Deep penetration seismic reflection (crossing)no

3 Seismic Velocity

yes

4 Seismic Gridno5a Refraction (surface)no5b Refraction (bottom)

yes

6 3.5 kHzno

7 Swath bathymetryyes

8a Side looking sonar (surface)no8b Side looking sonar (bottom)no9 Photography or video

no10 Heat Flowyes

11a Magnetics

yes

11b Gravity

yes

12 Sediment coresno13 Rock samplingno14a Water current datano14b Ice Conditions

no15 OBS microseismicity

no16 Navigationno17 Otherno

Generated: 2019-10-01T20:02:48+00:00

Date Form Submitted: 2019-10-01 08:55:38

Details of available data and data that are still to be collected

Line: MEDOC_6
Position: CDP
Stack RMS velocity

P-wave velocity from WAS data
100 x 100 m grid cell size

IODP Site Forms

Proposal #:927 - Full 2

Pollution & Safety Hazard
1. Summary of operations at site
2. All hydrocarbon occurrences based on
previous DSDP/ODP/IODP drilling
3. All commercial drilling in this area that
produced or yielded significant
hydrocarbon shows
4. Indications of gas hydrates at thislocation
5. Are there reasons to expecthydrocarbon accumulations at this site?
6. What "special" precautions will betaken during drilling?
7. What abandonment procedures need
to be followed?
8. Natural or manmade hazards which
may affect ship's operations
9. Summary: What do you consider the
major risks in drilling at this site?

Generated: 2019-10-01T20:02:48+00:00

Form 4 - Environmental Protection

Site #:

Comment

TYR-02A

Date Form Submitted: 2019-10-01 08:55:38

IODP Site Forms

Proposal #:Form 5 - Lithologies

927 - Full 2

reflectors,
Subbottom Key
depth (m) unconformities,
faults, etc

Site #:

Age (My)N/A

Generated: 2019-10-01T20:02:48+00:00

Assumedvelocity(km/s)

TYR-02A

Lithology

Date Form Submitted: 2019-10-01 08:55:38

Paleo-environment

Avg. accum.
rate (m/My)

Comments

IODP Site Forms

927 - Full

Form 1 – General Site Information

Section A: Proposal Information

Proposal Title

Date Form Submitted

Tyrrhenian Magmatism & Mantle Exhumation

2019-10-01 08:55:38

Site-Specific The serpentinized mantle peridotite
Objectives with
Priority(Must include generalobjectives in proposal)

List Previous
Drilling in Area

DSDP 132, DSDP 373, ODP 650-656

Section B: General Site Information

Site Name:

Area or Location: Tyrrhenian Sea

TYR-03A

If site is a reoccupation of an
old DSDP/ODP Site, Please
include former Site#

Latitude:Deg:

Longitude:

Deg:

Distance to Land: 157(km)

12.6413

Coordinate System:
Priority of Site:

Jurisdiction: Italian

40.18388

WGS 84
Primary:

Generated: 2019-10-01T20:02:48+00:00✓⃞

Alternate:⃞

Water Depth (m): 3533

2

Section C: Operational Information

Proposed
Penetration (m):Sediments

Basement356

140

Total Sediment Thickness (m)356

Total Penetration (m):General Lithologies:

496

serpentinized peridotite

Terrigenous sand/silt/clay

Coring Plan:(Specify or check)
APC

Wireline Logging
Plan:

XCB

RCB

Standard Measurements

Special Tools

✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓

Magnetic Susceptibility

WL
Porosity
DensityGamma Ray
Resistivity
Sonic (∆t)
Formation Image (Res)VSP (zero offset)
Formation Temperature& Pressure

Borehole Temperature✓

Re-entry

PCS

Other
tools:

Formation Image(Acoustic)
VSP (walkaway)
LWD

Other Measurements:

Estimated Days:

Drilling/Coring:

6.6

Logging:

1.4

Observatory Plan:

Longterm Borehole Observation Plan/Re-entry Plan

Potential Hazards/
Weather:

Shallow Gas

Complicated Seabed
Condition

Hydrothermal Activity

Hydrocarbon

Soft SeabedLandslide and Turbidity
Current

Shallow Water Flow

Currents

Gas Hydrate

Abnormal Pressure

Fracture Zone

Diapir and Mud Volcano

Man-made Objects

Fault

High Temperature

H2S

High Dip Angle

Ice Conditions(e.g., sea-floor cables,
dump sites)

CO2
Sensitive marine
habitat (e.g., reefs,

vents)

Other:

Generated: 2019-10-01T20:02:48+00:00

Total On-site:

8

Preferred weather window

IODP Site Forms

Proposal #:927 - Full 2

Form 2 - Site Survey Detail

Site #:

TYR-03A

Data TypeIn SSDB

1a High resolution seismic reflection (primary)no1b High resolution seismic seismic reflection (crossing)no2a Deep penetration seismic reflection (primary)yes

2b Deep penetration seismic reflection (crossing)no

3 Seismic Velocity

Details of available data and data that are still to be collected

Line: MEDOC_9
Position: CDP
Stack RMS velocity

4 Seismic Gridno5a Refraction (surface)no5b Refraction (bottom)

no6 3.5 kHzno

7 Swath bathymetryyes

8a Side looking sonar (surface)no8b Side looking sonar (bottom)no9 Photography or video

no10 Heat Flowyes

11a Magnetics

yes

11b Gravity

yes

12 Sediment coresno13 Rock samplingno14a Water current datano14b Ice Conditions

no15 OBS microseismicity

no16 Navigationno17 Otherno

Generated: 2019-10-01T20:02:48+00:00

Date Form Submitted: 2019-10-01 08:55:38

100 x 100 m grid cell size

IODP Site Forms

Proposal #:927 - Full 2

Pollution & Safety Hazard
1. Summary of operations at site
2. All hydrocarbon occurrences based on
previous DSDP/ODP/IODP drilling
3. All commercial drilling in this area that
produced or yielded significant
hydrocarbon shows
4. Indications of gas hydrates at thislocation
5. Are there reasons to expecthydrocarbon accumulations at this site?
6. What "special" precautions will betaken during drilling?
7. What abandonment procedures need
to be followed?
8. Natural or manmade hazards which
may affect ship's operations
9. Summary: What do you consider the
major risks in drilling at this site?

Generated: 2019-10-01T20:02:48+00:00

Form 4 - Environmental Protection

Site #:

Comment

TYR-03A

Date Form Submitted: 2019-10-01 08:55:38

IODP Site Forms

Proposal #:Form 5 - Lithologies

927 - Full 2

reflectors,
Subbottom Key
depth (m) unconformities,
faults, etc

Site #:

Age (My)N/A

Generated: 2019-10-01T20:02:48+00:00

Assumedvelocity(km/s)

TYR-03A

Lithology

Date Form Submitted: 2019-10-01 08:55:38

Paleo-environment

Avg. accum.
rate (m/My)

Comments

IODP Site Forms

927 - Full

Form 1 – General Site Information

Section A: Proposal Information

Proposal Title

Date Form Submitted

Tyrrhenian Magmatism & Mantle Exhumation

2019-10-01 08:55:38

Site-Specific The serpentinized mantle peridotites
Objectives with
Priority(Must include generalobjectives in proposal)

List Previous
Drilling in Area

DSDP 132, DSDP 373, ODP 650-656

Section B: General Site Information

Site Name:

Area or Location: Tyrrhenian Sea

TYR-04A

If site is a reoccupation of an
old DSDP/ODP Site, Please
include former Site#

Latitude:Deg:

Longitude:

Deg:

Distance to Land: 151(km)

12.72801

Coordinate System:
Priority of Site:

Jurisdiction: Italian

40.18402

WGS 84
Primary:

Generated: 2019-10-01T20:02:48+00:00✓⃞

Alternate:⃞

Water Depth (m): 3546

2

Section C: Operational Information

Proposed
Penetration (m):Sediments

Basement

773

70

Total Sediment Thickness (m)773

Total Penetration (m):General Lithologies:

843

Exumed mantle rocks

Terrigenous sand/silt/clay

Coring Plan:(Specify or check)
APC

Wireline Logging
Plan:

✓

XCB

✓

RCB

Standard Measurements

Special Tools

✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓

Magnetic Susceptibility

WL
Porosity
DensityGamma Ray
Resistivity
Sonic (∆t)
Formation Image (Res)VSP (zero offset)
Formation Temperature& Pressure

Borehole Temperature✓

Re-entry

PCS

Other
tools:

Formation Image(Acoustic)
VSP (walkaway)
LWD

Other Measurements:

Estimated Days:

Drilling/Coring:

10.1

Logging:

1.8

Observatory Plan:

Longterm Borehole Observation Plan/Re-entry Plan

Potential Hazards/
Weather:

Shallow Gas

Complicated Seabed
Condition

Hydrothermal Activity

Hydrocarbon

Soft SeabedLandslide and Turbidity
Current

Shallow Water Flow

Currents

Gas Hydrate

Abnormal Pressure

Fracture Zone

Diapir and Mud Volcano

Man-made Objects

Fault

High Temperature

H2S

High Dip Angle

Ice Conditions(e.g., sea-floor cables,
dump sites)

CO2
Sensitive marine
habitat (e.g., reefs,

vents)

Other:

Generated: 2019-10-01T20:02:48+00:00

Total On-site:

11.9

Preferred weather window

IODP Site Forms

Proposal #:927 - Full 2

Form 2 - Site Survey Detail

Site #:

TYR-04A

Data TypeIn SSDB

1a High resolution seismic reflection (primary)no1b High resolution seismic seismic reflection (crossing)no2a Deep penetration seismic reflection (primary)yes

2b Deep penetration seismic reflection (crossing)no

3 Seismic Velocity

yes

4 Seismic Gridno5a Refraction (surface)no5b Refraction (bottom)

no6 3.5 kHzno

7 Swath bathymetryyes

8a Side looking sonar (surface)no8b Side looking sonar (bottom)no9 Photography or video

no10 Heat Flowyes

11a Magnetics

yes

11b Gravity

yes

12 Sediment coresno13 Rock samplingno14a Water current datano14b Ice Conditions

no15 OBS microseismicity

no16 Navigationno17 Otherno

Generated: 2019-10-01T20:02:48+00:00

Date Form Submitted: 2019-10-01 08:55:38

Details of available data and data that are still to be collected

Line: MEDOC_9
Position: CDP
Stack RMS velocity

100 x 100 m grid cell size

IODP Site Forms

Proposal #:927 - Full 2

Pollution & Safety Hazard
1. Summary of operations at site
2. All hydrocarbon occurrences based on
previous DSDP/ODP/IODP drilling
3. All commercial drilling in this area that
produced or yielded significant
hydrocarbon shows
4. Indications of gas hydrates at thislocation
5. Are there reasons to expecthydrocarbon accumulations at this site?
6. What "special" precautions will betaken during drilling?
7. What abandonment procedures need
to be followed?
8. Natural or manmade hazards which
may affect ship's operations
9. Summary: What do you consider the
major risks in drilling at this site?

Generated: 2019-10-01T20:02:48+00:00

Form 4 - Environmental Protection

Site #:

Comment

TYR-04A

Date Form Submitted: 2019-10-01 08:55:38

IODP Site Forms

Proposal #:Form 5 - Lithologies

927 - Full 2

reflectors,
Subbottom Key
depth (m) unconformities,
faults, etc

Site #:

Age (My)N/A

Generated: 2019-10-01T20:02:48+00:00

Assumedvelocity(km/s)

TYR-04A

Lithology

Date Form Submitted: 2019-10-01 08:55:38

Paleo-environment

Avg. accum.
rate (m/My)

Comments

IODP Site Forms

927 - Full

Form 1 – General Site Information

Section A: Proposal Information

Proposal Title

Date Form Submitted

Tyrrhenian Magmatism & Mantle Exhumation

2019-10-01 08:55:38

Site-Specific The serpentinized mantle peridotite
Objectives with
Priority(Must include generalobjectives in proposal)

List Previous
Drilling in Area

DSDP 132, DSDP 373, ODP 650-656

Section B: General Site Information

Site Name:

Area or Location: Tyrrhenian Sea

TYR-05A

If site is a reoccupation of an
old DSDP/ODP Site, Please
include former Site#

Latitude:Deg:

Longitude:

Deg:

Distance to Land: 148(km)

12.69432

Coordinate System:
Priority of Site:

Jurisdiction: Italian

40.26609

WGS 84
Primary:

Generated: 2019-10-01T20:02:48+00:00✓⃞

Alternate:⃞

Water Depth (m): 3530

2

Section C: Operational Information

Proposed
Penetration (m):Sediments

Basement

142

140

Total Sediment Thickness (m)142

Total Penetration (m):General Lithologies:

282

Serpentinized mantle rocks

Terrigenous sand/silt/clay

Coring Plan:(Specify or check)
APC

Wireline Logging
Plan:

XCB

RCB

Standard Measurements

Special Tools

✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓

Magnetic Susceptibility

WL
Porosity
DensityGamma Ray
Resistivity
Sonic (∆t)
Formation Image (Res)VSP (zero offset)
Formation Temperature& Pressure

Borehole Temperature✓

Re-entry

PCS

Other
tools:

Formation Image(Acoustic)
VSP (walkaway)
LWD

Other Measurements:

Estimated Days:

Drilling/Coring:

5.1

Logging:

1.2

Observatory Plan:

Longterm Borehole Observation Plan/Re-entry Plan

Potential Hazards/
Weather:

Shallow Gas

Complicated Seabed
Condition

Hydrothermal Activity

Hydrocarbon

Soft SeabedLandslide and Turbidity
Current

Shallow Water Flow

Currents

Gas Hydrate

Abnormal Pressure

Fracture Zone

Diapir and Mud Volcano

Man-made Objects

Fault

High Temperature

H2S

High Dip Angle

Ice Conditions(e.g., sea-floor cables,
dump sites)

CO2
Sensitive marine
habitat (e.g., reefs,

vents)

Other:

Generated: 2019-10-01T20:02:48+00:00

Total On-site:

6.3

Preferred weather window

IODP Site Forms

Proposal #:927 - Full 2

Form 2 - Site Survey Detail

Site #:

TYR-05A

Data TypeIn SSDB

1a High resolution seismic reflection (primary)no1b High resolution seismic seismic reflection (crossing)no2a Deep penetration seismic reflection (primary)yes

2b Deep penetration seismic reflection (crossing)no

3 Seismic Velocity

yes

4 Seismic Gridno5a Refraction (surface)no5b Refraction (bottom)

no6 3.5 kHzno

7 Swath bathymetryyes

8a Side looking sonar (surface)no8b Side looking sonar (bottom)no9 Photography or video

no10 Heat Flowyes

11a Magnetics

yes

11b Gravity

yes

12 Sediment coresno13 Rock samplingno14a Water current datano14b Ice Conditions

no15 OBS microseismicity

no16 Navigationno17 Otherno

Generated: 2019-10-01T20:02:48+00:00

Date Form Submitted: 2019-10-01 08:55:38

Details of available data and data that are still to be collected

Line: MEDOC_8
Position: CDP
Stack RMS velocity

100 x 100 m grid cell size

IODP Site Forms

Proposal #:927 - Full 2

Pollution & Safety Hazard
1. Summary of operations at site
2. All hydrocarbon occurrences based on
previous DSDP/ODP/IODP drilling
3. All commercial drilling in this area that
produced or yielded significant
hydrocarbon shows
4. Indications of gas hydrates at thislocation
5. Are there reasons to expecthydrocarbon accumulations at this site?
6. What "special" precautions will betaken during drilling?
7. What abandonment procedures need
to be followed?
8. Natural or manmade hazards which
may affect ship's operations
9. Summary: What do you consider the
major risks in drilling at this site?

Generated: 2019-10-01T20:02:48+00:00

Form 4 - Environmental Protection

Site #:

Comment

TYR-05A

Date Form Submitted: 2019-10-01 08:55:38

IODP Site Forms

Proposal #:Form 5 - Lithologies

927 - Full 2

reflectors,
Subbottom Key
depth (m) unconformities,
faults, etc

Site #:

Age (My)N/A

Generated: 2019-10-01T20:02:48+00:00

Assumedvelocity(km/s)

TYR-05A

Lithology

Date Form Submitted: 2019-10-01 08:55:38

Paleo-environment

Avg. accum.
rate (m/My)

Comments

IODP Site Forms

927 - Full

Form 1 – General Site Information

Section A: Proposal Information

Proposal Title

Date Form Submitted

Tyrrhenian Magmatism & Mantle Exhumation

2019-10-01 08:55:38

Site-Specific The serpentinized mantle peridotite
Objectives with
Priority(Must include generalobjectives in proposal)

List Previous
Drilling in Area

DSDP 132, DSDP 373, ODP 650-656

Section B: General Site Information

Site Name:

Area or Location: Tyrrhenian Sea

TYR-06A

If site is a reoccupation of an
old DSDP/ODP Site, Please
include former Site#

Latitude:Deg:

Longitude:

Deg:

Distance to Land: 138(km)

12.72474

Coordinate System:
Priority of Site:

Jurisdiction: Italian

40.41593

WGS 84
Primary:

Generated: 2019-10-01T20:02:48+00:00✓⃞

Alternate:⃞

Water Depth (m): 3592

2

Section C: Operational Information

Proposed
Penetration (m):Sediments

Basement

902

70

Total Sediment Thickness (m)902

Total Penetration (m):General Lithologies:

972

serpentinized peridotite

Terrigenous sand/silt/clay

Coring Plan:(Specify or check)
APC

Wireline Logging
Plan:

XCB

RCB

Standard Measurements

Special Tools

✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓

Magnetic Susceptibility

WL
Porosity
DensityGamma Ray
Resistivity
Sonic (∆t)
Formation Image (Res)VSP (zero offset)
Formation Temperature& Pressure

Borehole Temperature✓

Re-entry

PCS

Other
tools:

Formation Image(Acoustic)
VSP (walkaway)
LWD

Other Measurements:

Estimated Days:

Drilling/Coring:

9.7

Logging:

1.9

Observatory Plan:

Longterm Borehole Observation Plan/Re-entry Plan

Potential Hazards/
Weather:

Shallow Gas

Complicated Seabed
Condition

Hydrothermal Activity

Hydrocarbon

Soft SeabedLandslide and Turbidity
Current

Shallow Water Flow

Currents

Gas Hydrate

Abnormal Pressure

Fracture Zone

Diapir and Mud Volcano

Man-made Objects

Fault

High Temperature

H2S

High Dip Angle

Ice Conditions(e.g., sea-floor cables,
dump sites)

CO2
Sensitive marine
habitat (e.g., reefs,

vents)

Other:

Generated: 2019-10-01T20:02:48+00:00

Total On-site:

11.6

Preferred weather window

IODP Site Forms

Proposal #:927 - Full 2

Form 2 - Site Survey Detail

Site #:

TYR-06A

Data TypeIn SSDB

1a High resolution seismic reflection (primary)no1b High resolution seismic seismic reflection (crossing)no2a Deep penetration seismic reflection (primary)yes

2b Deep penetration seismic reflection (crossing)no

3 Seismic Velocity

yes

4 Seismic Gridno5a Refraction (surface)no5b Refraction (bottom)

no6 3.5 kHzno

7 Swath bathymetryyes

8a Side looking sonar (surface)no8b Side looking sonar (bottom)no9 Photography or video

no10 Heat Flowyes

11a Magnetics

yes

11b Gravity

yes

12 Sediment coresno13 Rock samplingno14a Water current datano14b Ice Conditions

no15 OBS microseismicity

no16 Navigationno17 Otherno

Generated: 2019-10-01T20:02:48+00:00

Date Form Submitted: 2019-10-01 08:55:38

Details of available data and data that are still to be collected

Line: MEDOC_11
Position: CDP
stack RMS velocity

100 x 100 m grid cell size

IODP Site Forms

Proposal #:927 - Full 2

Pollution & Safety Hazard
1. Summary of operations at site
2. All hydrocarbon occurrences based on
previous DSDP/ODP/IODP drilling
3. All commercial drilling in this area that
produced or yielded significant
hydrocarbon shows
4. Indications of gas hydrates at thislocation
5. Are there reasons to expecthydrocarbon accumulations at this site?
6. What "special" precautions will betaken during drilling?
7. What abandonment procedures need
to be followed?
8. Natural or manmade hazards which
may affect ship's operations
9. Summary: What do you consider the
major risks in drilling at this site?

Generated: 2019-10-01T20:02:48+00:00

Form 4 - Environmental Protection

Site #:

Comment

TYR-06A

Date Form Submitted: 2019-10-01 08:55:38

IODP Site Forms

Proposal #:Form 5 - Lithologies

927 - Full 2

reflectors,
Subbottom Key
depth (m) unconformities,
faults, etc

Site #:

Age (My)N/A

Generated: 2019-10-01T20:02:48+00:00

Assumedvelocity(km/s)

TYR-06A

Lithology

Date Form Submitted: 2019-10-01 08:55:38

Paleo-environment

Avg. accum.
rate (m/My)

Comments

IODP Site Forms

927 - Full

Form 1 – General Site Information

Section A: Proposal Information

Proposal Title

Date Form Submitted

Tyrrhenian Magmatism & Mantle Exhumation

2019-10-01 08:55:38

Site-Specific Same target of TYR-01A, the basement of Cornaglia Terrace
Objectives with
Priority(Must include generalobjectives in proposal)

List Previous
Drilling in Area

DSDP 132, DSDP 373, ODP 650-656

Section B: General Site Information

Site Name:

Area or Location: Tyrrhenian Sea

TYR-07A

If site is a reoccupation of an
old DSDP/ODP Site, Please
include former Site#

Latitude:Deg:

Longitude:

Deg:

Distance to Land: 110(km)

10.98619

Coordinate System:
Priority of Site:

Jurisdiction: Italian

40.00097

WGS 84
Primary:

Generated: 2019-10-01T20:02:48+00:00⃞

Alternate:✓⃞

Water Depth (m): 2700

2

Section C: Operational Information

Proposed
Penetration (m):Sediments

Basement

286

70

Total Sediment Thickness (m)286

Total Penetration (m):General Lithologies:

356

basement rocks

Terrigenous sand/silt/clay over about 48
meters of messinian gypsum

Coring Plan:(Specify or check)
APC

Wireline Logging
Plan:

XCB

RCB

Standard Measurements

Special Tools

✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓

Magnetic Susceptibility

WL
Porosity
DensityGamma Ray
Resistivity
Sonic (∆t)
Formation Image (Res)VSP (zero offset)
Formation Temperature& Pressure

Borehole Temperature✓

Re-entry

PCS

Other
tools:

Formation Image(Acoustic)
VSP (walkaway)
LWD

Other Measurements:

Estimated Days:

Drilling/Coring:

3.7

Logging:

1.2

Observatory Plan:

Longterm Borehole Observation Plan/Re-entry Plan

Potential Hazards/
Weather:

Shallow Gas

Complicated Seabed
Condition

Hydrothermal Activity

Hydrocarbon

Soft SeabedLandslide and Turbidity
Current

Shallow Water Flow

Currents

Gas Hydrate

Abnormal Pressure

Fracture Zone

Diapir and Mud Volcano

Man-made Objects

Fault

High Temperature

H2S

High Dip Angle

Ice Conditions(e.g., sea-floor cables,
dump sites)

CO2
Sensitive marine
habitat (e.g., reefs,

vents)

Other:

Generated: 2019-10-01T20:02:48+00:00

Total On-site:

4.9

Preferred weather window

IODP Site Forms

Proposal #:927 - Full 2

Form 2 - Site Survey Detail

Site #:

TYR-07A

Data TypeIn SSDB

1a High resolution seismic reflection (primary)no1b High resolution seismic seismic reflection (crossing)no2a Deep penetration seismic reflection (primary)yes

2b Deep penetration seismic reflection (crossing)no

3 Seismic Velocity

yes

4 Seismic Gridno5a Refraction (surface)no5b Refraction (bottom)

yes

6 3.5 kHzno

7 Swath bathymetryyes

8a Side looking sonar (surface)no8b Side looking sonar (bottom)no9 Photography or video

no10 Heat Flowyes

11a Magnetics

yes

11b Gravity

yes

12 Sediment coresno13 Rock samplingno14a Water current datano14b Ice Conditions

no15 OBS microseismicity

no16 Navigation
17 Other

Generated: 2019-10-01T20:02:48+00:00

noDate Form Submitted: 2019-10-01 08:55:38

Details of available data and data that are still to be collected

Line: MEDOC_6
Position: CDP
stack RMS velocity

P-wave velocity from WAS data
100 x 100 m grid cell size

IODP Site Forms

Proposal #:927 - Full 2

Pollution & Safety Hazard
1. Summary of operations at site
2. All hydrocarbon occurrences based on
previous DSDP/ODP/IODP drilling
3. All commercial drilling in this area that
produced or yielded significant
hydrocarbon shows
4. Indications of gas hydrates at thislocation
5. Are there reasons to expecthydrocarbon accumulations at this site?
6. What "special" precautions will betaken during drilling?
7. What abandonment procedures need
to be followed?
8. Natural or manmade hazards which
may affect ship's operations
9. Summary: What do you consider the
major risks in drilling at this site?

Generated: 2019-10-01T20:02:48+00:00

Form 4 - Environmental Protection

Site #:

Comment

TYR-07A

Date Form Submitted: 2019-10-01 08:55:38

IODP Site Forms

Proposal #:Form 5 - Lithologies

927 - Full 2

reflectors,
Subbottom Key
depth (m) unconformities,
faults, etc

Site #:

Age (My)N/A

Generated: 2019-10-01T20:02:48+00:00

Assumedvelocity(km/s)

TYR-07A

Lithology

Date Form Submitted: 2019-10-01 08:55:38

Paleo-environment

Avg. accum.
rate (m/My)

Comments

IODP Site Forms

927 - Full

Form 1 – General Site Information

Section A: Proposal Information

Proposal Title

Date Form Submitted

Tyrrhenian Magmatism & Mantle Exhumation

2019-10-01 08:55:38

Site-Specific Same target of TYR-02A, the Campania Terrace basement rocks
Objectives with
Priority(Must include generalobjectives in proposal)

List Previous
Drilling in Area

DSDP 132, DSDP 373, ODP 650-656

Section B: General Site Information

Site Name:

Area or Location: Tyrrhenian Sea

TYR-08A

If site is a reoccupation of an
old DSDP/ODP Site, Please
include former Site#

Latitude:Deg:

Longitude:

Deg:

Distance to Land: 113(km)

13.39599

Coordinate System:
Priority of Site:

Jurisdiction: Italian

40.00036

WGS 84
Primary:

Generated: 2019-10-01T20:02:49+00:00⃞

Alternate:✓⃞

Water Depth (m): 2837

2

Section C: Operational Information

Proposed
Penetration (m):Sediments

Basement

548

70

Total Sediment Thickness (m)548

Total Penetration (m):General Lithologies:

618

Continental basement rocks

Terrigenous sand/silt/clay over 185 meters ofmessinian gypsum

Coring Plan:(Specify or check)
APC

Wireline Logging
Plan:

XCB

RCB

Standard Measurements

Special Tools

✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓

Magnetic Susceptibility

WL
Porosity
DensityGamma Ray
Resistivity
Sonic (∆t)
Formation Image (Res)VSP (zero offset)
Formation Temperature& Pressure

Borehole Temperature✓

Re-entry

PCS

Other
tools:

Formation Image(Acoustic)
VSP (walkaway)
LWD

Other Measurements:

Estimated Days:

Drilling/Coring:

7.2

Logging:

1.6

Observatory Plan:

Longterm Borehole Observation Plan/Re-entry Plan

Potential Hazards/
Weather:

Shallow Gas

Complicated Seabed
Condition

Hydrothermal Activity

Hydrocarbon

Soft SeabedLandslide and Turbidity
Current

Shallow Water Flow

Currents

Gas Hydrate

Abnormal Pressure

Fracture Zone

Diapir and Mud Volcano

Man-made Objects

Fault

High Temperature

H2S

High Dip Angle

Ice Conditions(e.g., sea-floor cables,
dump sites)

CO2
Sensitive marine
habitat (e.g., reefs,

vents)

Other:

Generated: 2019-10-01T20:02:49+00:00

Total On-site:

8.8

Preferred weather window

IODP Site Forms

Proposal #:927 - Full 2

Form 2 - Site Survey Detail

Site #:

TYR-08A

Data TypeIn SSDB

1a High resolution seismic reflection (primary)no1b High resolution seismic seismic reflection (crossing)no2a Deep penetration seismic reflection (primary)yes

2b Deep penetration seismic reflection (crossing)no

3 Seismic Velocity

yes

4 Seismic Gridno5a Refraction (surface)no5b Refraction (bottom)

yes

6 3.5 kHzno

7 Swath bathymetryyes

8a Side looking sonar (surface)no8b Side looking sonar (bottom)no9 Photography or video

no10 Heat Flowyes

11a Magnetics

yes

11b Gravity

yes

12 Sediment coresno13 Rock samplingno14a Water current datano14b Ice Conditions

no15 OBS microseismicity

no16 Navigationno17 Otherno

Generated: 2019-10-01T20:02:49+00:00

Date Form Submitted: 2019-10-01 08:55:38

Details of available data and data that are still to be collected

Line: MEDOC_6
Position: CDP
Stack RMS velocity

P-wave velocity from WAS data
100 x 100 m grid cell size

IODP Site Forms

Proposal #:927 - Full 2

Pollution & Safety Hazard
1. Summary of operations at site
2. All hydrocarbon occurrences based on
previous DSDP/ODP/IODP drilling
3. All commercial drilling in this area that
produced or yielded significant
hydrocarbon shows
4. Indications of gas hydrates at thislocation
5. Are there reasons to expecthydrocarbon accumulations at this site?
6. What "special" precautions will betaken during drilling?
7. What abandonment procedures need
to be followed?
8. Natural or manmade hazards which
may affect ship's operations
9. Summary: What do you consider the
major risks in drilling at this site?

Generated: 2019-10-01T20:02:49+00:00

Form 4 - Environmental Protection

Site #:

Comment

TYR-08A

Date Form Submitted: 2019-10-01 08:55:38

IODP Site Forms

Proposal #:Form 5 - Lithologies

927 - Full 2

reflectors,
Subbottom Key
depth (m) unconformities,
faults, etc

Site #:

Age (My)N/A

Generated: 2019-10-01T20:02:49+00:00

Assumedvelocity(km/s)

TYR-08A

Lithology

Date Form Submitted: 2019-10-01 08:55:38

Paleo-environment

Avg. accum.
rate (m/My)

Comments

IODP Site Forms

927 - Full

Form 1 – General Site Information

Section A: Proposal Information

Proposal Title

Date Form Submitted

Tyrrhenian Magmatism & Mantle Exhumation

2019-10-01 08:55:38

Site-Specific Same target of TYR-03A, the serpentinized mantle peridotite.
Objectives with
Priority(Must include generalobjectives in proposal)

List Previous
Drilling in Area

DSDP 132, DSDP 373, ODP 650-656

Section B: General Site Information

Site Name:

Area or Location: Tyrrhenian Sea

TYR-09A

If site is a reoccupation of an
old DSDP/ODP Site, Please
include former Site#

Latitude:Deg:

Longitude:

Deg:

Distance to Land: 157(km)

12.63243

Coordinate System:
Priority of Site:

Jurisdiction: Italian

40.18388

WGS 84
Primary:

Generated: 2019-10-01T20:02:49+00:00⃞

Alternate:✓⃞

Water Depth (m): 3533

2

Section C: Operational Information

Proposed
Penetration (m):Sediments

Basement

450

140

Total Sediment Thickness (m)450

Total Penetration (m):General Lithologies:

590

serpentinized mantle peridotite

Terrigenous sand/silt/clay

Coring Plan:(Specify or check)
APC

Wireline Logging
Plan:

XCB

RCB

Standard Measurements

Special Tools

✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓

Magnetic Susceptibility

WL
Porosity
DensityGamma Ray
Resistivity
Sonic (∆t)
Formation Image (Res)VSP (zero offset)

Borehole Temperature✓

Re-entry

PCS

Other
tools:

Formation Image(Acoustic)
VSP (walkaway)
LWD

Formation Temperature& Pressure
Other Measurements:

Estimated Days:

Drilling/Coring:

6.6

Logging:

1.4

Observatory Plan:

Longterm Borehole Observation Plan/Re-entry Plan

Potential Hazards/
Weather:

Shallow Gas

Complicated Seabed
Condition

Hydrothermal Activity

Hydrocarbon

Soft SeabedLandslide and Turbidity
Current

Shallow Water Flow

Currents

Gas Hydrate

Abnormal Pressure

Fracture Zone

Diapir and Mud Volcano

Man-made Objects

Fault

High Temperature

H2S

High Dip Angle

Ice Conditions(e.g., sea-floor cables,
dump sites)

CO2
Sensitive marine
habitat (e.g., reefs,

vents)

Other:

Generated: 2019-10-01T20:02:49+00:00

Total On-site:

8

Preferred weather window

IODP Site Forms

Proposal #:927 - Full 2

Form 2 - Site Survey Detail

Site #:

TYR-09A

Data TypeIn SSDB

1a High resolution seismic reflection (primary)no1b High resolution seismic seismic reflection (crossing)no2a Deep penetration seismic reflection (primary)yes

2b Deep penetration seismic reflection (crossing)no

3 Seismic Velocity

yes

4 Seismic Gridno5a Refraction (surface)no5b Refraction (bottom)

no6 3.5 kHzno

7 Swath bathymetryyes

8a Side looking sonar (surface)no8b Side looking sonar (bottom)no9 Photography or video

no10 Heat Flowyes

11a Magnetics

yes

11b Gravity

yes

12 Sediment coresno13 Rock samplingno14a Water current datano14b Ice Conditions

no15 OBS microseismicity

no16 Navigationno17 Otherno

Generated: 2019-10-01T20:02:49+00:00

Date Form Submitted: 2019-10-01 08:55:38

Details of available data and data that are still to be collected

Line: MEDOC_9
Position: CDP
Stack RMS velocity

100 x 100 m grid cell size

IODP Site Forms

Proposal #:927 - Full 2

Pollution & Safety Hazard
1. Summary of operations at site
2. All hydrocarbon occurrences based on
previous DSDP/ODP/IODP drilling
3. All commercial drilling in this area that
produced or yielded significant
hydrocarbon shows
4. Indications of gas hydrates at thislocation
5. Are there reasons to expecthydrocarbon accumulations at this site?
6. What "special" precautions will betaken during drilling?
7. What abandonment procedures need
to be followed?
8. Natural or manmade hazards which
may affect ship's operations
9. Summary: What do you consider the
major risks in drilling at this site?

Generated: 2019-10-01T20:02:49+00:00

Form 4 - Environmental Protection

Site #:

Comment

TYR-09A

Date Form Submitted: 2019-10-01 08:55:38

IODP Site Forms

Proposal #:Form 5 - Lithologies

927 - Full 2

reflectors,
Subbottom Key
depth (m) unconformities,
faults, etc

Site #:

Age (My)N/A

Generated: 2019-10-01T20:02:49+00:00

Assumedvelocity(km/s)

TYR-09A

Lithology

Date Form Submitted: 2019-10-01 08:55:38

Paleo-environment

Avg. accum.
rate (m/My)

Comments

IODP Site Forms

927 - Full

Form 1 – General Site Information

Section A: Proposal Information

Proposal Title

Date Form Submitted

Tyrrhenian Magmatism & Mantle Exhumation

2019-10-01 08:55:38

Site-Specific Same target of TYR-04A, serpentinized mantle peridotite.
Objectives with
Priority(Must include generalobjectives in proposal)

List Previous
Drilling in Area

DSDP 132, DSDP 373, ODP 650-656

Section B: General Site Information

Site Name:

Area or Location: Tyrrhenian Sea

TYR-10A

If site is a reoccupation of an
old DSDP/ODP Site, Please
include former Site#

Latitude:Deg:

Longitude:

Deg:

Distance to Land: 151(km)

12.70826

Coordinate System:
Priority of Site:

Jurisdiction: Italian

40.18398

WGS 84
Primary:

Generated: 2019-10-01T20:02:49+00:00⃞

Alternate:✓⃞

Water Depth (m): 3544

2

Section C: Operational Information

Proposed
Penetration (m):Sediments

Basement

591

70

Total Sediment Thickness (m)591

Total Penetration (m):General Lithologies:

661

Serpentinized mantle rocks

Terrigenous sand/silt/clay

Coring Plan:(Specify or check)
APC

Wireline Logging
Plan:

✓

XCB

✓

RCB

Standard Measurements

Special Tools

✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓

Magnetic Susceptibility

WL
Porosity
DensityGamma Ray
Resistivity
Sonic (∆t)
Formation Image (Res)VSP (zero offset)
Formation Temperature& Pressure

Borehole Temperature✓

Re-entry

PCS

Other
tools:

Formation Image(Acoustic)
VSP (walkaway)
LWD

Other Measurements:

Estimated Days:

Drilling/Coring:

10.1

Logging:

1.8

Observatory Plan:

Longterm Borehole Observation Plan/Re-entry Plan

Potential Hazards/
Weather:

Shallow Gas

Complicated Seabed
Condition

Hydrothermal Activity

Hydrocarbon

Soft SeabedLandslide and Turbidity
Current

Shallow Water Flow

Currents

Gas Hydrate

Abnormal Pressure

Fracture Zone

Diapir and Mud Volcano

Man-made Objects

Fault

High Temperature

H2S

High Dip Angle

Ice Conditions(e.g., sea-floor cables,
dump sites)

CO2
Sensitive marine
habitat (e.g., reefs,

vents)

Other:

Generated: 2019-10-01T20:02:49+00:00

Total On-site:

11.9

Preferred weather window

IODP Site Forms

Proposal #:927 - Full 2

Form 2 - Site Survey Detail

Site #:

TYR-10A

Data TypeIn SSDB

1a High resolution seismic reflection (primary)no1b High resolution seismic seismic reflection (crossing)no2a Deep penetration seismic reflection (primary)yes

2b Deep penetration seismic reflection (crossing)no

3 Seismic Velocity

yes

4 Seismic Gridno5a Refraction (surface)no5b Refraction (bottom)

no6 3.5 kHzno

7 Swath bathymetryyes

8a Side looking sonar (surface)no8b Side looking sonar (bottom)no9 Photography or video

no10 Heat Flowyes

11a Magnetics

yes

11b Gravity

yes

12 Sediment coresno13 Rock samplingno14a Water current datano14b Ice Conditions

no15 OBS microseismicity

no16 Navigationno17 Otherno

Generated: 2019-10-01T20:02:49+00:00

Date Form Submitted: 2019-10-01 08:55:38

Details of available data and data that are still to be collected

Line: MEDOC_9
Position: CDP
Stack RMS velocity

100 x 100 m grid cell size

IODP Site Forms

Proposal #:927 - Full 2

Pollution & Safety Hazard
1. Summary of operations at site
2. All hydrocarbon occurrences based on
previous DSDP/ODP/IODP drilling
3. All commercial drilling in this area that
produced or yielded significant
hydrocarbon shows
4. Indications of gas hydrates at thislocation
5. Are there reasons to expecthydrocarbon accumulations at this site?
6. What "special" precautions will betaken during drilling?
7. What abandonment procedures need
to be followed?
8. Natural or manmade hazards which
may affect ship's operations
9. Summary: What do you consider the
major risks in drilling at this site?

Generated: 2019-10-01T20:02:49+00:00

Form 4 - Environmental Protection

Site #:

Comment

TYR-10A

Date Form Submitted: 2019-10-01 08:55:38

IODP Site Forms

Proposal #:Form 5 - Lithologies

927 - Full 2

reflectors,
Subbottom Key
depth (m) unconformities,
faults, etc

Site #:

Age (My)N/A

Generated: 2019-10-01T20:02:49+00:00

Assumedvelocity(km/s)

TYR-10A

Lithology

Date Form Submitted: 2019-10-01 08:55:38

Paleo-environment

Avg. accum.
rate (m/My)

Comments

IODP Site Forms

927 - Full

Form 1 – General Site Information

Section A: Proposal Information

Proposal Title

Date Form Submitted

Tyrrhenian Magmatism & Mantle Exhumation

2019-10-01 08:55:38

Site-Specific Same target of TYR-05A, serpentinized mantle peridotites
Objectives with
Priority(Must include generalobjectives in proposal)

List Previous
Drilling in Area

DSDP 132, DSDP 373, ODP 650-656

Section B: General Site Information

Site Name:

Area or Location: Tyrrhenian Sea

TYR-11A

If site is a reoccupation of an
old DSDP/ODP Site, Please
include former Site#

Latitude:Deg:

Longitude:

Deg:

Distance to Land: 148(km)

12.70529

Coordinate System:
Priority of Site:

Jurisdiction: Italian

40.26614

WGS 84
Primary:

Generated: 2019-10-01T20:02:49+00:00⃞

Alternate:✓⃞

Water Depth (m): 3538

2

Section C: Operational Information

Proposed
Penetration (m):Sediments

Basement

327

140

Total Sediment Thickness (m)327

Total Penetration (m):General Lithologies:

467

serpentinized mantle peridotite

Terrigenous sand/silt/clay

Coring Plan:(Specify or check)
APC

Wireline Logging
Plan:

XCB

RCB

Standard Measurements

Special Tools

✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓

Magnetic Susceptibility

WL
Porosity
DensityGamma Ray
Resistivity
Sonic (∆t)
Formation Image (Res)VSP (zero offset)

Borehole Temperature✓

Re-entry

PCS

Other
tools:

Formation Image(Acoustic)
VSP (walkaway)
LWD

Formation Temperature& Pressure
Other Measurements:

Estimated Days:

Drilling/Coring:

5.1

Logging:

1.2

Observatory Plan:

Longterm Borehole Observation Plan/Re-entry Plan

Potential Hazards/
Weather:

Shallow Gas

Complicated Seabed
Condition

Hydrothermal Activity

Hydrocarbon

Soft SeabedLandslide and Turbidity
Current

Shallow Water Flow

Currents

Gas Hydrate

Abnormal Pressure

Fracture Zone

Diapir and Mud Volcano

Man-made Objects

Fault

High Temperature

H2S

High Dip Angle

Ice Conditions(e.g., sea-floor cables,
dump sites)

CO2
Sensitive marine
habitat (e.g., reefs,

vents)

Other:

Generated: 2019-10-01T20:02:49+00:00

Total On-site:

6.3

Preferred weather window

IODP Site Forms

Proposal #:927 - Full 2

Form 2 - Site Survey Detail

Site #:

TYR-11A

Data TypeIn SSDB

1a High resolution seismic reflection (primary)no1b High resolution seismic seismic reflection (crossing)no2a Deep penetration seismic reflection (primary)yes

2b Deep penetration seismic reflection (crossing)no

3 Seismic Velocity

yes

4 Seismic Gridno5a Refraction (surface)no5b Refraction (bottom)

no6 3.5 kHzno

7 Swath bathymetryyes

8a Side looking sonar (surface)no8b Side looking sonar (bottom)no9 Photography or video

no10 Heat Flowyes

11a Magnetics

yes

11b Gravity

yes

12 Sediment coresno13 Rock samplingno14a Water current datano14b Ice Conditions

no15 OBS microseismicity

no16 Navigationno17 Otherno

Generated: 2019-10-01T20:02:49+00:00

Date Form Submitted: 2019-10-01 08:55:38

Details of available data and data that are still to be collected

Line: MEDOC_8
Position: CDP
Stack RMS velocity

100 x 100 grid cell size

IODP Site Forms

Proposal #:927 - Full 2

Pollution & Safety Hazard
1. Summary of operations at site
2. All hydrocarbon occurrences based on
previous DSDP/ODP/IODP drilling
3. All commercial drilling in this area that
produced or yielded significant
hydrocarbon shows
4. Indications of gas hydrates at thislocation
5. Are there reasons to expecthydrocarbon accumulations at this site?
6. What "special" precautions will betaken during drilling?
7. What abandonment procedures need
to be followed?
8. Natural or manmade hazards which
may affect ship's operations
9. Summary: What do you consider the
major risks in drilling at this site?

Generated: 2019-10-01T20:02:49+00:00

Form 4 - Environmental Protection

Site #:

Comment

TYR-11A

Date Form Submitted: 2019-10-01 08:55:38

IODP Site Forms

Proposal #:Form 5 - Lithologies

927 - Full 2

reflectors,
Subbottom Key
depth (m) unconformities,
faults, etc

Site #:

Age (My)N/A

Generated: 2019-10-01T20:02:49+00:00

Assumedvelocity(km/s)

TYR-11A

Lithology

Date Form Submitted: 2019-10-01 08:55:38

Paleo-environment

Avg. accum.
rate (m/My)

Comments

IODP Site Forms

927 - Full

Form 1 – General Site Information

Section A: Proposal Information

Proposal Title

Date Form Submitted

Tyrrhenian Magmatism & Mantle Exhumation

2019-10-01 08:55:38

Site-Specific Same target of TYR-06A, serpentinized mantle peridotites
Objectives with
Priority(Must include generalobjectives in proposal)

List Previous
Drilling in Area

DSDP 132, DSDP 373, ODP 650-656

Section B: General Site Information

Site Name:

Area or Location: Tyrrhenian

TYR-12A

If site is a reoccupation of an
old DSDP/ODP Site, Please
include former Site#

Latitude:Deg:

Longitude:

Deg:

Distance to Land: 138(km)

12.7076

Coordinate System:
Priority of Site:

Jurisdiction: Italian

40.4159

WGS 84
Primary:

Generated: 2019-10-01T20:02:49+00:00⃞

Alternate:✓⃞

Water Depth (m): 3590

2

Section C: Operational Information

Proposed
Penetration (m):Sediments

Basement

1057

70

Total Sediment Thickness (m)1057

Total Penetration (m):General Lithologies:

1127

serpentinized mantle rocks

Terrigenous sand/silt/clay

Coring Plan:(Specify or check)
APC

Wireline Logging
Plan:

XCB

RCB

Standard Measurements

Special Tools

✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓

Magnetic Susceptibility

WL
Porosity
DensityGamma Ray
Resistivity
Sonic (∆t)
Formation Image (Res)VSP (zero offset)
Formation Temperature& Pressure

Borehole Temperature✓

Re-entry

PCS

Other
tools:

Formation Image(Acoustic)
VSP (walkaway)
LWD

Other Measurements:

Estimated Days:

Drilling/Coring:

9.7

Logging:

1.9

Observatory Plan:

Longterm Borehole Observation Plan/Re-entry Plan

Potential Hazards/
Weather:

Shallow Gas

Complicated Seabed
Condition

Hydrothermal Activity

Hydrocarbon

Soft SeabedLandslide and Turbidity
Current

Shallow Water Flow

Currents

Gas Hydrate

Abnormal Pressure

Fracture Zone

Diapir and Mud Volcano

Man-made Objects

Fault

High Temperature

H2S

High Dip Angle

Ice Conditions(e.g., sea-floor cables,
dump sites)

CO2
Sensitive marine
habitat (e.g., reefs,

vents)

Other:

Generated: 2019-10-01T20:02:49+00:00

Total On-site:

11.6

Preferred weather window

IODP Site Forms

Proposal #:927 - Full 2

Form 2 - Site Survey Detail

Site #:

TYR-12A

Data TypeIn SSDB

1a High resolution seismic reflection (primary)no1b High resolution seismic seismic reflection (crossing)no2a Deep penetration seismic reflection (primary)yes

2b Deep penetration seismic reflection (crossing)no

3 Seismic Velocity

yes

4 Seismic Gridno5a Refraction (surface)no5b Refraction (bottom)

no6 3.5 kHzno

7 Swath bathymetryyes

8a Side looking sonar (surface)no8b Side looking sonar (bottom)no9 Photography or video

no10 Heat Flowyes

11a Magnetics

yes

11b Gravity

yes

12 Sediment coresno13 Rock samplingno14a Water current datano14b Ice Conditions

no15 OBS microseismicity

no16 Navigationno17 Otherno

Generated: 2019-10-01T20:02:49+00:00

Date Form Submitted: 2019-10-01 08:55:38

Details of available data and data that are still to be collected

Line: MEDOC_11
Position: CDP
Stack RMS velocity

100 x 100 m grid cell size

IODP Site Forms

Proposal #:927 - Full 2

Pollution & Safety Hazard
1. Summary of operations at site
2. All hydrocarbon occurrences based on
previous DSDP/ODP/IODP drilling
3. All commercial drilling in this area that
produced or yielded significant
hydrocarbon shows
4. Indications of gas hydrates at thislocation
5. Are there reasons to expecthydrocarbon accumulations at this site?
6. What "special" precautions will betaken during drilling?
7. What abandonment procedures need
to be followed?
8. Natural or manmade hazards which
may affect ship's operations
9. Summary: What do you consider the
major risks in drilling at this site?

Generated: 2019-10-01T20:02:49+00:00

Form 4 - Environmental Protection

Site #:

Comment

TYR-12A

Date Form Submitted: 2019-10-01 08:55:38

IODP Site Forms

Proposal #:Form 5 - Lithologies

927 - Full 2

reflectors,
Subbottom Key
depth (m) unconformities,
faults, etc

Site #:

Age (My)N/A

Generated: 2019-10-01T20:02:49+00:00

Assumedvelocity(km/s)

TYR-12A

Lithology

Date Form Submitted: 2019-10-01 08:55:38

Paleo-environment

Avg. accum.
rate (m/My)

Comments