GS-2328KX
Gigabit Managed Switch

Installation and Getting Started Guide

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INSTALLATION and GETTING STARTE GUIDE
GS-2328KX

Series Switch

GS-2328KX Series Gigabit Managed Switch
Installation and Getting Started Guide¤ 2012, Datacontrols,Inc. All rights reserved. All brand and product names aretrademarks or registered trademarks of their respective companiesi

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ABOUT THIS GUIDEPURPOSEThis guide gives specific information on how to operate anduse the management functions of the switch.

AUDIENCE

The guide is intended for use by network administrators who
are responsible for operating and maintaining network
equipment; consequently, it assumes a basic working
knowledge of general switch functions, the Internet Protocol(IP), and Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP).

CONVENTIONS

The following conventions are used throughout this guide toshow information:

WARRANTY

See the Customer Support/ Warranty booklet included withthe product.
A copy of the specific warranty terms applicable to your
Datacontrols products and replacement parts can be obtained
from your Datacontrols Sales and Service Office pr authorized
dealer.

NOTE:

Emphasizes important information or calls yourattention to related features or instructions.

WARNING: Alerts you to a potential hazard that could cause
personal injury.

CAUTION: Alerts you to a potential hazard that could cause lossof data, or damage the system or equipment.

௜ᒓࡢ㟁※ࢥ࣮ࢻ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡢὀព஦㡯ᮏ〇ရ࡟ྠᲕࡉࢀࡿ㟁※ࢥ࣮ࢻࡣࠊᮏ〇ရᑓ⏝࡛ࡍࠋ௚ࡢ〇ရ୪ࡧ࡟௚ࡢ⏝㏵࡛ࡣ౑⏝ࡋ࡞࠸࡛ࡃࡔࡉ࠸ࠋ

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COMPLIANCES AND
SAFETY STATEMENTS
FCC-CLASS A

This equipment has been tested and found to comply with thelimits for a Class A computing device pursuant to Subpart J ofpart 15 of FCC Rules, which are designed to provide reasonable
protection against such interference when operated in acommercial environment.
This equipment generates, uses, and can radiate radio
frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordancewith the instruction manual, may cause harmful interference toradio communications. Operation of this equipment in a
residential area is likely to cause harmful interference in whichcase the user will be required to correct the interference at his
own expense.
You are cautioned that changes or modifications not expressly
approved by the party responsible for compliance could void
your authority to operate the equipment.
You

may

use

unshielded

twisted-pair

(UTP)

for

RJ-45

connections - Category 3 or better for 10 Mbps connections,Category 5 or better for 100 Mbps connections, Category 5, 5e,or 6 for 1000 Mbps connections. For fiber optic connections, you
may use 50/125 or 62.5/125 micron multimode fiber or 9/125
micron single-mode fiber.

CE MARKThis equipment has been tested and found to comply with the

DECLARATION

protection

OF CONFORMANCE

EN55022/EN61000-3 and the Generic European Immunity

FOR EMI AND

Standard EN55024.

requirementsofEuropeanEmissionStandard

SAFETY (EEC)

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EMC:
EN55022(2006)+A1:2007/CISPRClass A

22:2006+A1:2006

4K V CD, 8KV, AD

IEC61000-4-2 (2001)

3V/m

IEC61000-4-3( 2002)

1KV – (power line), 0.5KV – (signal line)

IEC61000-4-4(2004)

Line to Line: 1KV, Line to Earth: 2KV

IEC61000-4-5 (2001)

130dBuV(3V) Level 2

IEC61000-4-6 (2003)

1A/m

IEC61000-4-8 (2001)

Voltage dips:>95%, 0.5period, 30%, 25periods

IEC61000-4-11(2001)

Voltage interruptions:>95%, 250periods

CAUTION: Circuit devices are sensitive to static electricity, which
can damage their delicate electronics.

Dry weather conditions

or walking across a carpeted floor may cause you to acquire astatic electrical charge.
To protect your device, always:x

Touch the metal chassis of your computer to ground the static
electrical charge before you pick up the circuit device.

x

Pick up the device by holding it on the left and right edges only.

x If you need using outdoor device connect to this device withcable then you need to addition an arrester on the cablebetween outdoor device and this device.

Fig. Addition an arrester between outdoor device and this switch

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NOTE:The switch is indoor device; if it will be used in outdoor

environment or connects with some outdoor device, then it mustuse a lightning arrester to protect the switch

WARNING:
z
z
z
z
z
z

RELATEDPUBLICATIONS

Self-demolition on Product is strictly prohibited. Damage
caused by self-demolition will be charged for repairing fees.
Do not place product at outdoor or sandstorm.
Before installation, please make sure input power supply andproduct specifications are compatible to each other.
To reduce the risk of electric shock. Disconnect all AC or DC
power cord and RPS cables to completely remove powerfrom the unit.
Before importing / exporting configuration please make surethe firmware version is always the same.
After firmware upgrade, the switch will remove theconfiguration automatically to latest firmware version.
The following publication gives specific information on how to
operate and use the management functions of the switch:
The User’s ManualThis section summarizes the changes in each revision of thisguide.

REVISIONHISTORY
Release

Date

Revision

1.14

02/14/2012

A1

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Contents
ABOUT THIS GUIDE..................................................................................................................................... ii
COMPLIANCES AND SAFETY STATEMENTS ................................................................................... iii
INTRODUCTION............................................................................................................................................. 1
OVERVIEW ................................................................................................................................................... 1
DESCRIPTION OF HARDWARE .............................................................................................................. 4
NETWORK PLANNING ................................................................................................................................ 7
INTRODUCTION TO SWITCHING .................................................................................................... 7
APPLICATION EXAMPLES.................................................................................................................... 7
INSTALLING THE SWITCH..................................................................................................................... 10
SELECTING A SITE ................................................................................................................................ 10
ETHERNET CABLING ............................................................................................................................. 10
EQUIPMENT CHECKLIST ..................................................................................................................... 11
PACKAGE CONTENTS ............................................................................................................................ 11
MOUNTING ................................................................................................................................................. 11
INSTALLING AN OPTIONAL SFP TRANSCEIVER .................................................................. 13
CONNECTING TO A POWER SOURCE .......................................................................................... 15
CONNECTING TO THE CONSOLE PORT ...................................................................................... 15
Operation of Web-based Management .......................................................................................... 18
MAKING NETWORK CONNECTIONS ................................................................................................. 21
CONNECTING NETWORK DEVICES .............................................................................................. 21
TWISTED-PAIR DEVICES................................................................................................................... 21
FIBER OPTIC SFP DEVICES .............................................................................................................. 22
CABLE LABELING AND CONNECTION RECORDS .................................................................... 25
TROUBLESHOOTING ................................................................................................................................. 26
Basic Troubleshooting Tips.............................................................................................................. 26
POWER AND COOLING PROBLEMS ................................................................................................... 28
Installation ................................................................................................................................................ 28vi

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IN-BAND ACCESS ................................................................................................................................... 28
CABLES ............................................................................................................................................................. 29
TWISTED-PAIR CABLE AND PIN ASSIGNMENTS ................................................................. 29
STRAIGHT- THROUGH WIRING ..................................................................................................... 30
1000BASE-T PIN ASSIGNMENTS .................................................................................................. 31
CABLE TESTING FOR EXISTING CATEGORY 5 CABLE ....................................................... 31
FIBER STANDARDS ............................................................................................................................... 32
SPECIFICATIONS ........................................................................................................................................ 33
PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS ....................................................................................................... 33
SWITCH FEATURES ............................................................................................................................... 34
MANAGEMENT FEATURES.................................................................................................................. 34
STANDARDS .............................................................................................................................................. 34
COMPLIANCES ......................................................................................................................................... 35
COMPLIANCES .............................................................................................................................................. 36

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INTRODUCTIONOVERVIEWThe GS-2328KX Series 28-Ports Switch, Datacontrols network
next generation solutions, is a portfolio of affordable managed
switches that provides a reliable infrastructure for yourbusiness network. These switches deliver more intelligent
features you need to improve the availability of your criticalbusiness applications, protect your sensitive information, andoptimize your network bandwidth to deliver information andapplications more effectively. Easy to set up and use, it
provides the ideal combination of affordability and capabilities
for entry level Networking includes Small Business orenterprise application and helps you create a more efficient,better-connected workforce.
The GS-2328KX Series 28-Ports Switch is broad portfolio ofeasy-implement managed Ethernet switches. Models include
with 28 ports of Gigabit Ethernet connectivity, providing ideal
flexibility to design suitable network infrastructure for business
requirement. However, unlike other entry-level switchingsolutions that provide advance managed network capabilities
only in the costliest models, all the Series Switches support theadvanced security management capabilities and networkfeatures to support includes data, voice, security, and wirelesstechnologies. Besides, these switches are easy to deploy andconfigure, providing stable and quality performance network
services your business needs.

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Front of the Switches

GS-2328KX

Back of the Switches

GS-2328KX

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SWITCH
ARCHITECTURE

The switch performs a wire-speed, non-blocking switching fabric.
This allows wire-speed transport of multiple packets at low
latency on all ports simultaneously. The switch also features
full-duplex capability on all ports, which effectively doubles the
bandwidth of each connection.
This switch uses store-and-forward technology to ensure
maximum data integrity. With this technology, the entire packet
must be received into a buffer and checked for validity before
being forwarded. This prevents errors from being propagatedthroughout the network.

NETWORKMANAGEMENTOPTIONSThe switch can also be managed over the network with a web
browser or Telnet application. The switch includes a built-in
network management agent that allows it to be managed
in-band using SNMP or RMON (Groups 1, 2, 3, 9) protocols. It
also has an RS-232 console port connector on the front panel forout-of-band management. A PC may be connected to this port
for configuration and monitoring out-of-band via a null-modem
serial cable. (See Appendix B for wiring options.)

NOTE:

For a detailed description of the management features,refer to the User’s manual.

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DESCRIPTION OF
HARDWARE
1000BASE-T
PORTS

The switch contains 24 1000BASE-T RJ-45 ports. All RJ-45 ports
support automatic MDI/MDI-X operation, auto-negotiation andIEEE 802.3x auto-negotiation of flow control, so the optimum
data rate and transmission can be selected automatically.

SFP
TRANSCEIVER

GS-2328KX supports the Small Form Factor Pluggable (SFP)

SLOTS

defaulttransceiver slots are shared with RJ-45 port 21 to 24. In theconfiguration,

if

an

SFP

transceiver(purchased

separately) is installed in a slot and has a valid link on the port,
the associated RJ-45 port is disabled.
The following table shows a list of transceiver types which havebeen tested with the switch. For an updated list of vendors
supplying these transceivers, contact your local dealer. For
information on the recommended standards for fiber optic
cabling, see “1000 Mbps Gigabit Ethernet Collision Domain” onpage 28.

Table 1: Supported SFP Transceivers
Media Standard

Fiber Diameter(microns)

Wavelength (nm)Maximum Distance*

1000BASE-SX

50/125850

550 m

62.5/125

850

275 m

9/125

1310

10,30 km

9/125

1550

30,50 km

9/125

TX-1310/RX-1550

10,20 kmTx-1550/RX-1310

10,20 km

1000BASE-LX/
LHX/ XD/ZX

1000BASE-LX
Single Fiber

1000BASE-T

N/A

N/A

100 m

100-FX62.5/125

1310

2 km

9/125

1310

20,40,60 km

NOTE:* Maximum distance may vary for different SFP vendors

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PORT ANDThe GS-2328KX Series switch includes a display panel for

SYSTEM STATUS

system and port indications that simplify installation and

LEDS

network troubleshooting. The LEDs, which are located on left
hand side of the front panel for easy viewing. Details are shown
below and described in the following tables.

Table 2: Port Status LEDs
LED

Condition

StatusTP (Link/ACT)Green/Blink

Lit Green when TP link good
Blinks when any traffic is present
Lit Green when TP link on 1000Mbps

TP SPEEDGreen/Yellow/Off

Yellow when TP link on 100Mbps
Off when TP link on 10Mbps

SFP (Link/ACT)Green/BlinkSFP SPEED

Blue/Green

Lit Green when SFP link good
Blinks when any traffic is present

Lit Blue when SFP link on 10Gbps.
Green when SFP link on 1000Mbps

Table 3: System Status LED
SYSTEM LED

Condition

StatusSystemGreenOFF

Lit when power is coming up

POWER SUPPLY

There are a power sockets on the rear panel of the switch. For

SOCKET

normal power supply, the GS-2328KX-Port Series Switch has
standard power socket for AC power cord.

Figure 3: Power Supply Socket

AC Power socket
MODE STATUS

The GS-2328KX Series switch provides a mode switch

LEDS

function. There are two mode for all LED of each port, which

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can switch between Link/ACT mode and SPEED mode bypressing MODE button. When the switch is on Link/ACT mode,
the LED of each port indicates the link or act status. The LED ofeach port shows the link speed status of the port using
different colors when the switch is on SPEED mode.

Table 4: Mode Status LED
LED

Condition

Status

Lit Green shows all LED of each port are in
Link/ACT

Green
OFF

Link/ACT mode. Each LED of the port lit
Green when port link is good, and Blinks
when any traffic is present.
Lit Green shows all LED of each port are in

SPEED

Blue
Green
Yellow
OFF

SPEED mode. Each LED of the port lit Blue
when the link on 10Gbps.
Green when the link on 1000Mbps
Yellow when the link on 100Mbps
Off when the link on 10Mbps

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NETWORK PLANNING

INTRODUCTION
TO SWITCHING

A network switch allows simultaneous transmission of multiple
packets, and it can partition a network more efficiently thanbridges or routers. Therefore the switch has been recognized as
one of the most important devices for today’s networking
technology.
When performance bottlenecks are caused by congestion at the
network access point such as file server, the device can beconnected directly to a switched port. And, by using full-duplex
mode, the bandwidth of the dedicated segment can be doubled
to maximize throughput.
When networks are based on repeater (hub) technology, thedistance between end stations is limited by a maximum hopcount. However, a switch can subdividing the network into
smaller and more manageable segments, and linking them tothe larger network than it turns the hop count back to zero andremoves the limitation.
A switch can be easily configured in any Ethernet, Fast Ethernet,
or Gigabit Ethernet network to significantly increase bandwidth
while using conventional cabling and network cards.

APPLICATION
EXAMPLESThe GS-2328KX-Port Series Switch implements 24 Gigabit
Ethernet TP ports with auto MDIX and 4 slots for the removable
SFP module (GS-2328KX) which supports comprehensive typesof fiber connection, such as LC and BiDi-LC modules. It is not
only designed to segment your network, but also to provide awide range of options in setting up network connections. Sometypical applications are described below.
The switch is suitable for the following applications.


Remote site application is used in Enterprise or SMB

Peer-to-peer application is used in two remote offices

Office networkHigh Performance Requirement environmentAdvance Security for network safety application

Suitable for data/ voice and video conference application

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Figure 4: Network Connection between Remote Site and Central Site

GS-2328KX

Figure 5: Peer-to-peer Network Connection
GS-2328KX

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Figure 6: Office Network Connection

GS-2328KX

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INSTALLING THE
SWITCH
SELECTING A
SITEThe Switch can be mounted in a standard 19-inch equipment
rack (Via Optional Rack mount Kit) or on a flat surface. Be
sure to follow the guidelines below when choosing a location.

䕺 The site should:Be at the center of all the devices you want to link andnear a power outlet.

Be able to maintain its temperature within 0 to 40°C
(32 to 104 °F) and its humidity within 10% to 90%,
non-condensing.

Be accessible for installing, cabling and maintaining
the devices.



Allow the status LEDs to be clearly visible.

䕺 Make sure the twisted-pair Ethernet cable is always routed
away from power lines, radios, transmitters or any otherelectrical interference.

䕺 Make sure that GS-2328KX Series Switch is connected to a
separate grounded power outlet that provides 100 to 240
VAC, 50 to 60 Hz.

ETHERNETCABLINGTo ensure proper operation when installing the switch into a
network, make sure that the current cables are suitable for100BASE-TX or 1000BASE-T operation. Check the following
criteria against the current installation of your network:䕺 Cable type: Unshielded twisted pair (UTP) or shielded
twisted pair (STP) cable with RJ-45 connectors; Category 5
or Category 5e with maximum length of 100 meters is
recommend 100BASE-TX, and Category 5e or 6 withmaximumlengthof100

metersisrecommend

for

1000BASE-T.

䕺 Protection from radio frequency interference emissions.
䕺 Electrical surge suppression.
䕺 Separation of electrical wires and data based network
wiring.

䕺 Safe connections with no damaged cables, connectors or
shields.

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Figure 7: RJ-45 Connections

Figure 8: SFP Transceiver

After unpacking this switch, please check the contents to be sure

EQUIPMENTCHECKLIST

you have received all the components. Then, before beginning
the installation, be sure you have all other necessary installationequipment.









PACKAGECONTENTS

NOTE:

GS-2328KX Port Series GbE Management Switch
Four adhesive rubber feet
Mounting Accessory (for 19” Rack Shelf, Optional)
This Installation Guide
User’s Manual CD
AC Power Cord
RS-232 to RJ-45 Console Cable

Please notify your sales representative immediately if

any of the aforementioned items is missing or damaged.

WARNING: The mini-GBICs are Class 1 laser devices. Avoid direct
eye exposure to the beam coming from the transmit port.

MOUNTING

The switch can be mounted in a standard 19-inch equipment
rack or on a desktop or shelf. Mounting instructions for eachtype of site as follow.

RACK MOUNTING

Before rack mounting the switch, please pay attention to thefollowing factors:


Temperature: Since the temperature within a rack assembly
may be higher than the ambient room temperature, checkthat the rack-environment temperature is within thespecified operating temperature range (0 to 40 °C).



Mechanical Loading: Do not place any equipment on top of arack-mounted unit.

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

Circuit Overloading: Be sure that the supply circuit to therack assembly is not overloaded.



Grounding: Rack-mounted equipment should be properly
grounded.

TO Rack-mount Devices:
Step1. Attach the brackets to the device using the screws provided in the Mounting
Accessory.
Figure 9: Attaching the Brackets

Step2. Mount the device in the rack (Via Optional Rack-Mount kit), using four
rack-mounting

screws(notprovided).

Be

sure

to

securethelowerrack-mounting screws first to prevent the brackets being bent by the weight ofthe switch.
Figure 10: Installing the switch in a Rack

Step3. If installing a single switch only, turn to “Connection to a Power Source” at theend of this chapter.

Step4. If installing multiple switches, mount them in the rack, one below the other, in
any order.

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Revision A1DESKTOP OR SHELF MOUNTING:
Step1. Attach the four adhesive rubber feet to the bottom of the first switch.
Figure 11: Attaching the Adhesive Rubber Feet

Step2. Set the device on a flat surface near an AC power source, making sure there areat least two inches of space on all sides for proper air flow.

Step3. If installing a single switch only, go to “Connecting to a Power Source” at the endof this Chapter.

Step4. If installing multiple switches, attach four adhesive feet to each one. Place eachdevice squarely on top of the one below, in any order.

INSTALLING AN
OPTIONAL SFP
TRANSCEIVER

You can install or remove a mini-GBIC SFP from a mini-GBIC slot
without having to power off the switch. Use only Datacontrols
mini-GBIC.

NOTE:



The mini-GBIC slots are shared with the two 10/ 100/
1000Base-T RJ-45 ports. If a mini-GBIC is installed in aslot, the associated RJ-45 port is disabled and cannot beused

The mini-GBIC ports operate only at full duplex. Half
duplex operation is not supported.

Ensure the network cable is NOT connected when you
install or remove a mini-GBIC.

CAUTION: Use only supported genuine Datacontrols mini-GBICs
with your switch. Non-Datacontrols mini-GBIC might havecompatible issue, and their use may result in product malfunction.

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Figure 12: Inserting an SFP Transceiver into a Slot

The SFP slots support the following optional SFP transceivers:
Model Name

Description

SFP.LC

1000Base-SX GE SFP Fiber Module, LC Multi-Mode 850nm

SFP.LC.M2

1000Base-SX GE SFP Fiber Module, LC Multi-Mode 1310nm 2km

SFP.LC.S10

1000Base-LX GE SFP Fiber Module, LC Single-Mode 10km

SFP.LC.S30

1000Base-LX GE SFP Fiber Module, LC Single-Mode 30km

SFP.LC.S50

1000Base-LX GE SFP Fiber Module, LC Single-Mode 50km

SFP.L5.S50

1000Base-LX GE SFP Fiber Module, LC Single-Mode 50km

SFP.BL5.S10

1000Base-LX GE SFP Fiber Module, Bidi LC Single-Mode 10km,
1310nmSFP.BL3.S10

1000Base-LX GE SFP Fiber Module, Bidi LC Single-Mode 10km,
1550nmSFP.BL5.S20

1000Base-LX GE SFP Fiber Module, Bidi LC Single-Mode 20km,
1550nmSFP.BL3.S20

1000Base-LX GE SFP Fiber Module, Bidi LC Single-Mode 20km,
1310nm

SFP.FLC

100Base-FX FE SFP Fiber Module, LC Multi-Mode

SFP.FLC.S20

100Base-FX FE SFP Fiber Module, LC Single-Mode 20km

CAUTION: We recommend the SFP Transceiver from thefollowing vendors:

Datacontrols

 Finisar Corporation

TO Install a SFP transceiver, do the following:
Step1. Consider network and cabling requirements to select an appropriate SFP
transceiver type.

Step2. Insert the transceiver with the optical connector facing outward and the slot
connector facing down. Note that SFP transceivers are keyed so they can only
be installed in one orientation.

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Step3. Slide the SFP transceiver into the slot until it clicks into place.
NOTE:

CONNECTING
TO A POWER
SOURCESFP transceivers are not provided in the switch package.

You can plug or remove power cord from AC power socket, toswitch the power on and off.

Figure 13: Inserting the Power Cord to AC Power Socket

Step1. Insert the power cable plug directly into the AC Socket located at the back of theswitch.

Step2. Plug the other end of the cable into a grounded, 3-Pin, AC power source.
Step3. Check the front-panel LEDs as the device is powered on to be sure the POWER
LED is lit. If not, check that the power cable is correctly plugged in.

WARNING: For International use, you may need to change the ACline cord. You must use a line cord set that has been approved forthe socket type in your country.

CONNECTING
TO THECONSOLE PORTThe DB-9 serial port on the switch’s front panel is used to connect
to the switch for out-of-band console configuration. The
command-line-driven configuration program can be accessedfrom a terminal or a PC running a terminal emulation program.
The pin assignments used to connect to the serial port areprovided in the following table

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Figure 14: Serial Port (DB-9 DTE) Pin-Out

WIRING MAP FOR SERIAL CABLE
The DB-9 cable is used for connecting a terminal or terminal emulator to theManaged Switch’s RS-232 port to access the command-line interface.
The table below shows the pin assignments for the DB-9 cable.

Table 4: Serial Cable Wiring

Function
Carrier
Receive Data
Transmit Data
Data Terminal Ready
Signal Ground
Data Set Ready
Request To Send
Clear To Send

NOTE:

Mnemonic
CD
RXD
TXD
DTR
GND
DSR
RTS
CTS

Pin
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8

No other pins are used.

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Figure 15: Plug in the Console
Port

The Terminal console port default values of the
GS-2328KX are listed as below:
The serial port’s configuration requirements are as
follows:

䕺Default Baud rate—115,200 bps
䕺Character Size—8 Characters䕺Parity—None䕺Stop bit—One䕺Data bits—8
䕺Flow control—none

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Operation of Web-based Management
The default values of the managed switch are listed in the table below:

IP Address

192.168.1.1

Subnet Mask

255.255.255.0

Default

192.168.1.254

Usernameadmin

Password

After the managed switch has been finished configuration in the CLI via the switch’s
serial interface, you can browse it. For instance, type http://192.168.1.1 in the address row
in a browser, it will show the following screen and ask you inputting username and password
in order to login and access authentication. The default username is “admin” andpassword is empty. For the first time to use, please enter the default username andpassword, and then click the Enter button. The login process now is completed.
GS-2328KX web user interface :GEL2-ESW28KX

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NOTE:

If you need to configuration the function or parameter then

you can refer the detail in the User Guide. Or you could access to
the Switch and click the "help" under the web GUI and the switch
will pop-up the simple help content to teach you how to set theparameters.

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MAKING NETWORKCONNECTIONSCONNECTING
NETWORKDEVICESThe switch is designed to be connected to 10, 100 or
1000Mbps network cards in PCs and servers, as well as
to other switches and hubs. It may also be connected toremote devices using optional SFP transceivers.

TWISTED-PAIR
DEVICES

Each device requires an unshielded twisted-pair (UTP)
cable with RJ-45 connectors at both ends. Use Category
5, 5e or 6 cable for 1000BASE-T connections, Category 5
or better for 100BASE-TX connections.

CABLING GUIDELINESThe RJ-45 ports on the switch support automatic MDI/MDI-X pinout configuration,
so you can use standard straight-through twisted-pair cables to connect to any
other network device (PCs, servers, switches, routers, or hubs).
See Appendix B for further information on cabling.
CAUTION: Do not plug a phone jack connector into an RJ-45
port. This will damage the switch. Use only twisted-pair cables
with RJ-45 connectors that conform to FCC standards.

CONNECTING TO PCS, SERVERS, HUBS AND SWITCHES
Step1. Attach one end of a twisted-pair cable segment to the device’s RJ-45
connector.
Figure 16: Making Twisted-Pair Connections

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Step2. If the device is a network card and the switch is in the wiring closet, attach
the other end of the cable segment to a modular wall outlet that isconnected to the wiring closet. (See the section “Network Wiring
Connections.”) Otherwise, attach the other end to an available port on theswitch.
Make sure each twisted pair cable does not exceed 100 meters (328 ft) in length.
NOTE: Avoid using flow control on a port connected to a hub
unless it is actually required to solve a problem. Otherwise backpressure jamming signals may degrade overall performance forthe segment attached to the hub.

Step3. As each connection is made, the Link LED (on the switch) corresponding toeach port will light green (1000 Mbps) or Yellow (100 Mbps) to indicatethat the connection is valid.

NETWORK WIRING CONNECTIONS
Today, the punch-down block is an integral part of many of the newer equipment
racks. It is actually part of the patch panel. Instructions for making connections in
the wiring closet with this type of equipment follows.

Step1. Attach one end of a patch cable to an available port on the switch, and theother end to the patch panel.

Step2. If not already in place, attach one end of a cable segment to the back of thepatch panel where the punch-down block is located, and the other end toa modular wall outlet.

Step3. Label the cables to simplify future troubleshooting. See “Cable Labeling.

and Connection Records” on page 29
Figure 17: Network Wiring ConnectionslGy
OGPz

wTkGiwGw
~

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FIBER OPTICSFP DEVICES

An optional Gigabit SFP transceiver can be used for abackbone connection between switches, or forconnecting to a high-speed server.
Each single-mode fiber port requires 9/125 micron
single-mode fiber optic cable with an LC connector atboth ends. Each multimode fiber optic port requires
50/125 or 62.5/125 micron multimode fiber optic cablingwith an LC connector at both ends.
WARNING: This switch uses lasers to transmit signals over fiber
optic cable. The lasers are inherently eye safe in normal
operation. However, user should never look directly at atransmit port when it is powered on.
WARNING: When selecting a fiber SFP device, consideringsafety, please make sure that it can function at a temperaturethat is not less than the recommended maximum operationaltemperature of the product. You must also use an approved
Laser SFP transceiver.

Step1. Remove and keep the LC port’s rubber plug. When not connected to a fiber
cable, the rubber plug should be replaced to protect the optics.

Step2. Check that the fiber terminators are clean. You can clean the cable plugs
by wiping them gently with a clean tissue or cotton ball moistened with alittle ethanol. Dirty fiber terminators on fiber optic cables will impair thequality of the light transmitted through the cable and lead to degraded
performance on the port.

Step3. Connect one end of the cable to the LC port on the switch and the other end
to the LC port on the other device. Since LC connectors are keyed, thecable can be attached in only one orientation.
Figure 18: Making Fiber Port Connections

Step4. As a connection is made, check the Link LED on the switch corresponding
to the port to be sure that the connection is valid.

The fiber optic ports operate at 1 Gbps. The maximum length for fiber optic cable
operating at Gigabit speed will depend on the fiber type as listed under “1000Mbps Gigabit Ethernet Collision Domain” on page 28.

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CONNECTIVITY RULES
When adding hubs to your network, please note that because switches break up the
path for connected devices into separate collision domains, you should not include
the switch or connected cabling in your calculations for cascade length involving
other devices.

1000BASE-T
CABLE
REQUIREMENTS

All Category 5 UTP cables that are used for 100BASE-TX
connections should also work for 1000BASE-T, providingthat all four wire pairs are connected. However, it isrecommended that for all critical connections, or any
new cable installations, Category 5e or Category 6 cableshould be used. The Category 5e and 6 specifications
include test parameters that are only recommendations
for Category 5. Therefore, the first step in preparing
existing Category 5 cabling for running 1000BASE-T is a
simple test of the cable installation to be sure that itcomplies with the IEEE 802.3-2005 standards

1000 MBPS GIGABIT ETHERNET COLLISION DOMAIN
Table 5: Maximum 1000BASE-T Gigabit Ethernet Cable Length
Cable TypeMaximum Cable Length

Connector

Category 5, 5e or 6 100-ohm
UTP or STP

100.m (328 ft)

RJ-45

Table 6: Maximum 1000BASE-SX Gigabit Fiber Cable Lengths
Fiber Size

Fiber Bandwidth

Maximum Cable Length

Connector

62.5/125 micron
multimode fiber

160 MHz/km

220 m (722 ft)

LC

200 MHz/km

275 m (902 ft)

LC

50/125 micron
multimode fiber

400 MHz/km

500 m (1641 ft)

LC

500 MHz/km

550 m (1805 ft)

LC

Table 7: Maximum 1000BASE-LX/LHX/XD/ZX Gigabit Fiber Cable Length
Fiber Size

Fiber Bandwidth

Maximum Cable Length

Connector

9/125 micron
single-mode fiber
1310nm

N/A

10km (6.2 miles)LC

9/125 micron
single-mode fiber
1550nm

N/A

30km (18.64 miles)

LC

50km (31.06 miles)

LC

Table 8: Maximum 1000BASE-LX Single Fiber Gigabit Fiber Cable Length
Fiber Size

Fiber Bandwidth

Maximum Cable Length

Connector

Single-mode

N/A

20km (12.42miles)

BIDI

TX-1310nm

LC

RX-1550nm
Single-mode

N/A

20km (12.42miles)

TX-1550nm

BIDI
LC

RX-1310nm

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100 MBPS FAST ETHERNET COLLISION DOMAIN
Table 9: Maximum Fast Ethernet Cable Lengths
Cable TypeMaximum Cable Length

Connector

Category 5, 5e or 6 100-ohm
UTP or STP

100.m (328 ft)

RJ-45

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CABLE LABELING AND
CONNECTION
RECORDS
When planning a network installation, it is essential to label the opposing ends ofcables and to record where each cable is connected. This will allow user to easily
locate inter-connected devices, isolate faults and change your topology without
need for unnecessary time consumption.
To best manage the physical implementations of your network, follow theseguidelines:䕺 Clearly label the opposing ends of each cable.
䕺 Using your building’s floor plans, draw a map of the location of all
network-connected equipment. For each piece of equipment, identify thedevices to which it is connected.
䕺 Note the length of each cable and the maximum cable length supported by
the switch ports.
䕺 For ease of understanding, use a location-based key when assigning
prefixes to your cable labeling.
䕺 Use sequential numbers for cables that originate from the same equipment.
䕺 Differentiate between racks by naming accordingly.
䕺 Label each separate piece of equipment.
䕺 Display a copy of your equipment map, including keys to all abbreviations at
each equipment rack.

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A

TROUBLESHOOTING

Basic
Troubleshooting
Tips

Most problems are caused by the following situations.
Check for these items first when starting yourtroubleshooting: Connecting to devices that have a fixed fullduplex configuration.
The RJ-45 ports are configured as “Auto”, that is, whenconnecting to the attached devices, the switch will
operate in one of two ways to determine the link speed
and the communication mode (half duplex or full
duplex):䕺If the connected device is also configured to Auto,the switch will automatically negotiate both linkspeed and communication mode.

䕺If the connected device has a fixed configuration, forexample 100Mbps, at half or full duplex, the switch
will automatically sense the link speed, but will
default to a communication mode of half duplex.
Because the Series GS-2328KX 28 Switch devices
behave in this way (in compliance with the IEEE802.3
standard), if a device connected to the switch has afixed configuration at full duplex, the device will notconnect correctly to the switch. The result will be higherror rates and very inefficient communications
between the switch and the device.
Make sure all devices connected to the Series
GS-2328KX 28 Switch devices are configured to auto
negotiate, or are configured to connect at half duplex(all hubs are configured this way, for example).
 Faulty or loose cables. Look for loose or obviously
faulty connections. If they appear to be OK, make surethe connections are snug. If that does not correct the
problem, try a different cable.
 Non-standard cables. Non-standard and miswired
cables may cause network collisions and other network
problems, and can seriously impair network
performance. Use a new correctly-wired cable. For
pinouts and correct cable wiring. A category 5 cable
tester is a recommended tool for every 100Base-TX
and 1000Base-T network installation.
 Improper Network Topologies. It is important tomake sure you have a valid network topology. If you nolonger experience the problems, the new topology isprobably at fault. In addition, you should make surethat your network topology contains no data pathloops.

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 Check the port
configuration.

A port on your Switch may not be operating as you expect
because it has been put into a “blocking” state by
Spanning Tree, GVRP (automatic VLANs), or LACP
(automatic trunking). (Note that the normal operation of
the Spanning Tree, GVRP, and LACP features may put theport in a blocking state.) Or, the port just may have been
configured as disabled through software.

Table 10: Troubleshooting Chart
Symptom

ActionSystem LED is Off

䕺 Checkconnections between the switch, the power
cord and the wall outlet.

䕺 Contact your dealer for assistance.

Link LED is Off

䕺 Verify that the switch and attached device are

powered on.
䕺 Be sure the cable is plugged into the switch andcorresponding device.
䕺 If the switch is installed in a rack, check theconnections to the punch-down block and patch
panel.
䕺 Verify that the proper cable types is used and its

length does not exceed specified limits.
䕺 Check the adapter on the attached device and cableconnections for possible defects. Replace thedefective adapter or cable if necessary.

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POWER AND COOLING
PROBLEMS
Installation

If the System indicator does not turn on when the power
cord is plugged in, you may have a problem with thepower outlet, power cord, or internal power supply.
However, if the unit powers off after running for a while,
check for loose power connections, power losses orsurges at the power outlet. If you still cannot isolate theproblem, the internal power supply may be defective.
Verify that all system components have been properly
installed. If one or more components appear to be
malfunctioning (such as the power cord or network
cabling), test them in an alternate environment where
you are sure that all the other components arefunctioning properly.

IN-BANDACCESSYou can access the management agent in the switch fromanywhere within the attached network using Telnet, a
web browser. However, you must first configure theswitch with a valid IP address, subnet mask, and default
gateway. If you have trouble establishing a link to the
management agent, check to see if you have a valid
network connection. Then verify that you entered thecorrect IP address. Also, be sure the port through which
you are connecting to the switch has not been disabled. If
it has not been disabled, then check the network cablingthat runs between your remote location and the switch.
NOTE: The management agent accepts up to four simultaneous
Telnet sessions. If the maximum number of sessions alreadyexists, an additional Telnet connection will not be able to log
into the system.

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CABLESFor 10/100BASE-TX connections, the twisted-pair cable musthave two pairs of wires. For 1000BASE-T connections thetwisted-pair cable must have four pairs of wires. Each wire pair is
identified by two different colors. For example, one wire might begreen and the other, green with white stripes. Also, an RJ-45
connector must be attached to both ends of the cable.

TWISTED-PAIR
CABLE AND PINASSIGNMENTS

CAUTION: DO NOT plug a phone jack connector into any RJ-45
port. Use only twisted-pair cables with RJ-45 connectors that
conform with FCC standards.
CAUTION: Each wire pair must be attached to the RJ-45
connectors in a specific orientation.
The figure below illustrates how the pins on the RJ-45 connector are numbered. Be sure to
hold the connectors in the same orientation when attaching the wires to the pins.
Figure 19: RJ-45 Connector Pin Numbers

10BASE-T/100BA
SE-TX PINASSIGNMENTS

Use unshielded twisted-pair (UTP) or shielded twisted-pair (STP)
cable for RJ-45 connections: 100-ohm Category 3 or better cablefor 10 Mbps connections, or 100-ohm Category 5 or better cablefor 100 Mbps connections. Also be sure that the length of any
twisted-pair connection does not exceed 100 meters (328 feet).
The RJ-45 ports on the switch base unit support automatic
MDI/MDI-X operation, so you can use straight-through cables for
all network connections to PCs or servers, or to other switches or
hubs. In straight-through cable, pins 1, 2, 3, and 6, at one end of
the cable, are connected straight through to pins 1, 2, 3, and 6 at
the other end of the cable. When using any RJ-45 port on thisswitch, you can use either straight-through or crossover cable.

Table 11: 10/100BASE-TX MDI and MDI-X Port Pinouts
Pin

MDI Signal NameMDI-X Signal Name

1

Transmit Data plus (TD+)

Receive Data plus (RD+)

2Transmit Data minus (TD-)

Receive Data minus (RD-)

3

Receive Data plus (RD+)

Transmit Data plus (TD+)

6

Receive Data minus (RD-)

Transmit Data minus (TD-)

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4, 5, 7, 8

Not usedNot used

NOTE: The “+” and “-” signs represent the polarity of the wires
that make up each wire pair.

STRAIGHTTHROUGHWIRING

If the twisted-pair cable is to join two ports and only one of theports has an internal crossover (MDI-X), the two pairs of wires
must be straight-through. (When auto-negotiation is enabled for
any RJ-45 port on this switch, you can use either
straight-through or crossover cable to connect to any device
type.)You must connect all four wire pairs as shown in the following
diagram to support Gigabit Ethernet.

Figure 20: Straight-through Wiring
EIA/TIA 568B RJ-45 Wiring Standard
10/100BASE-TX Straight-through Cable

CROSSOVER
WIRING

If the twisted-pair cable is to join two ports and either both ports
are labeled with an “X” (MDI-X) or neither port is labeled with an“X” (MDI), a crossover must be implemented in the wiring. (Whenauto-negotiation is enabled for any RJ-45 port on this switch, you
can use either straight-through or crossover cable to connect toany device type.)
You must connect all four wire pairs as shown in the following
diagram to support Gigabit Ethernet.

Figure 21: Crossover Wiring
EIA/TIA 568B RJ-45 Wiring Standard
10/100BASE-TX Crossover Cable

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1000BASE-T PINASSIGNMENTS

All 1000BASE-T ports support automatic MDI/MDI-X operation,
so you can use straight-through cables for all network
connections to PCs or servers, or to other switches or hubs.
The table below shows the 1000BASE-T MDI and MDI-X port
pinouts. These ports require that all four pairs of wires beconnected. Note that for 1000BASE-T operation, all four pairs ofwires are used for both transmit and receive.
Use 100-ohm Category 5, 5e or 6 unshielded twisted-pair (UTP)or shielded twisted-pair (STP) cable for 1000BASE-T
connections. Also be sure that the length of any twisted-pairconnection does not exceed 100 meters (328 feet).

Table 12: 1000BASE-T MDI and MDI-X Port Pinouts
Pin

MDI Signal NameMDI-X Signal Name

1

Bi-directional Pair A Plus (BI_DA+)

Bi-directional Pair B Plus (BI_DB+)

2

Bi-directional Pair A Minus (BI_DA-)

Bi-directional Pair B Minus (BI_DB-)

3

Bi-directional Pair B Plus (BI_DB+)

Bi-directional Pair A Plus (BI_DA+)

4

Bi-directional Pair C Plus (BI_DC+)

Bi-directional Pair D Plus (BI_DD+)

5

Bi-directional Pair C Minus (BI_DC-)

Bi-directional Pair D Minus (BI_DD-)

6

Bi-directional Pair B Minus (BI_DB-)

Bi-directional Pair A Minus (BI_DA-)

7

Bi-directional Pair D Plus (BI_DD+)

Bi-directional Pair C Plus (BI_DC+)

8Bi-directional Pair D Minus (BI_DD-)

Bi-directional Pair C Minus (BI_DC-)

Installed Category 5 cabling must pass tests for Attenuation,
Near-End Crosstalk (NEXT), and Far-End Crosstalk (FEXT).
This cable testing information is specified in the
ANSI/TIA/EIA-TSB-67 standard. Additionally, cables must alsopass test parameters for Return Loss and Equal-Level Far-End
Crosstalk (ELFEXT). These tests are specified in the
ANSI/TIA/EIA-TSB-95 Bulletin, “The Additional Transmission
Performance Guidelines for 100 Ohm 4-Pair Category 5
Cabling.”

CABLE TESTINGFOR EXISTING
CATEGORY 5
CABLE

NOTE: That when testing your cable installation, be sure toinclude all patch cables between switches and end devices.

ADJUSTING
EXISTING
CATEGORY 5
CABLING TO RUN
1000BASE-T

If your existing Category 5 installation does not meet one of thetest parameters for 1000BASE-T, there are basically threemeasures that can be applied to try and correct the problem:
1.

Replace any Category 5 patch cables with high-performance
Category 5e or Category 6 cables.

2.

Reduce the number of connectors used in the link.

3.

Reconnect some of the connectors in the link.

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FIBER
STANDARDS

The International Telecommunication Union (ITU-T) has
standardized various fiber types for data networks. These aresummarized in the following table.

Table 13: Fiber Standards
ITU-T Standard

Description

Application

G.651

Multimode Fiber
50/125-micron core

Short-reach connections in the 1300- nm
or 850-nm band

G.652

Non-Dispersion-Shifted Fiber
Single-mode, 9/125-micron core

Longer spans and extended reach.
Optimized for operation in the 1310- nm
band. but can also be used in the1550-nm band

G.652.C

Low Water Peak NonDispersion-Shifted Fiber Single-mode,
9/125-micron core

Longer spans and extended reach.
Optimized for wavelength-divisionmultiplexing (WDM) transmission
across wavelengths from 1285 to1625 nm. The zero dispersion
wavelength is in the 1310-nm region.

G.653

Dispersion-Shifted Fiber
Single-mode, 9/125-micron core

Longer spans and extended reach.
Optimized for operation in the region
from 1500 to 1600-nm.

G.6541550-nm Loss-Minimized Fiber
Single-mode, 9/125-micron core

Extended long-haul applications.
Optimized for high-power transmission
in the 1500 to 1600-nm region, with low
loss in the 1550-nm band.

G.655

Non-Zero Dispersion-Shifted
FiberSingle-mode, 9/125-micron core

Extended long-haul applications.
Optimized for high-power dense
wavelength-division multiplexing(DWDM) operation in the region from1500 to 1600-nm.

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SPECIFICATIONSPHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS
PORTS

20 10/100/1000Mbps TP
4 100M/1G SFP Combo Port
4 1G/10Gbps SFP Fiber ports

NETWORKINTERFACE

Ports 1-20: RJ-45 connector, auto MDI/X
10BASE-T: RJ-45 (100-ohm, UTP cable; Category 3 or better)
100BASE-TX: RJ-45 (100-ohm, UTP cable; Category 5 or better)
1000BASE-T: RJ-45 (100-ohm, UTP or STP cable; Category 5,
5e or 6)
*Maximum Cable Length - 100 m (328 ft)
Ports 21-24: RJ-45 connector/ (100/1000M) SFP
Ports 25-28: 1G/10G SFP ports

BUFFER
ARCHITECTURE

1392KB on-chip frame buffer

AGGREGATEBANDWIDTH

28 Gbps for GS-2328KX

SWITCHINGDATABASE

8K MAC address entries

LEDS

System: POWER
TP Port: status (LINK/ACT/SPD), 10/100/1000M
SFP Port: status (LINK/ACT/SPD), 1G/10G

WEIGHT

3.9 kg

SIZE

44(H) x 442(W) x 300(D)mm

TEMPERATURE

Operating: 0°C to 40°C (32°F to 104°F)

HUMIDITY

Operating: 5% to 90% (non-condensing)

POWER INPUTFor GS-2328KX series: 100~240VAC, 50~60Hz

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POWER SUPPLYFor GS-2328KX series: Internal: 100 to 240 VAC, 50 to 60 Hz

POWER
CONSUMPTION

60 Watts maximum

SWITCH FEATURESFORWARDING
MODE

Store-and-forward

THROUGHPUT

95.23Mpps

FLOW CONTROL

Full Duplex: IEEE 802.3x
Half Duplex: Back pressure

MANAGEMENT FEATURES
IN-BANDMANAGEMENT

SSH/SSL, Telnet, SNMP, or HTTP

OUT-OF-BAND
MANAGEMENT

RS-232 (RJ-45) console port

SOFTWARE
LOADING

HTTP, TFTP in-band, Console out-of-band

STANDARDSEEE 802.3 => 10Base-T Ethernet (Twisted-pair Copper)
IEEE 802.3u => 100Base-TX Ethernet (Twisted-pair Copper)

I

IEEE 802.3ab => 1000Base-TX Ethernet (Twisted-pair Copper)
IEEE 802.3z => 1000Base-X Ethernet
IEEE 802.3x => Flow Control Capability
ANSI/IEEE 802.3 => Auto-negotiation
IEEE 802.1Q => VLAN
IEEE 802.1p => Class of Service
IEEE 802.1X => Access Control
IEEE 802.1D => Spanning Tree
IEEE 802.1w => Rapid Spanning Tree
IEEE 802.1s => Multiple Spanning Tree
IEEE 802.3ad => ink Aggregation Control Protocol (LACP)IEEE 802.1AB => Link Layer Discovery Protocol (LLDP)

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COMPLIANCESEMISSIONS

EN55022 (CISPR 22) Class A EN 61000-3
FCC Class A
CE Mark

IMMUNITY

EN 61000-4-2/3/4/5/6/8/11
EN 55024

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COMPLIANCES
10BASE-T

IEEE 802.3 specification for 10 Mbps Ethernet over two pairs of
Category 3, 4, or 5 UTP cable

100BASE-TX

IEEE 802.3u specification for 100 Mbps Ethernet over two pairsof Category 5 UTP cable

1000BASE-LH

Specification for long-haul Gigabit Ethernet over two strands of
9/125 micron core fiber cable

1000BASE-LX

IEEE 802.3z specification for Gigabit Ethernet over two strandsof 50/125, 62.5/125 or 9/125 micron core fiber cable.

1000BASE-SXIEEE 802.3z specification for Gigabit Ethernet over two strandsof 50/125 or 62.5/125 micron core fiber cable.

1000BASE-T

IEEE 802.3ab specification for Gigabit Ethernet over 100-ohm
Category 5, 5e or 6 twisted-pair cable (using all four wire pairs).

AUTONEGOTIATION

Signaling method allowing each node to select its optimum
operational mode (e.g., speed and duplex mode) based on thecapabilities of the node to which it is connected.

BANDWIDTH

The difference between the highest and lowest frequencies
available for network signals. Also synonymous with wire speed,
the actual speed of the data transmission along the cable.

COLLISION DOMAIN

Single CSMA/CD LAN segment.

CSMA/CD

CSMA/CD (Carrier Sense Multiple Access/Collision Detect) isthe communication method employed by Ethernet, Fast
Ethernet, and Gigabit Ethernet.

END STATION

A workstation, server, or other device that does not forward
traffic.

ETHERNET

A network communication system developed and standardized
by DEC, Intel, and Xerox, were using baseband transmission,
CSMA/CD access, logical bus topology, and coaxial cable. The
successor IEEE 802.3 standard provides for integration into the
OSI model and extends the physical layer and media withrepeaters and implementations that operate on fiber, thin coax
and twisted-pair cable.

FAST ETHERNET

A 100 Mbps network communication system based on Ethernet
and the CSMA/ CD access method.

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FULL DUPLEX

Transmission method that allows two network devices totransmit and receive concurrently, effectively doubling the
bandwidth of that link.

GIGABIT ETHERNET

A 1000 Mbps network communication system based on
Ethernet and the CSMA/ CD access method.

IEEE

Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers.

IEEE 802.3

Define carrier sense multiple access with collision detection(CSMA/CD) access method and physical layer specifications.

IEEE 802.3AB

Define CSMA/CD access method and physical layer
specifications for 1000BASE-T Gigabit Ethernet. (Nowincorporated in IEEE 802.3-2005.)

IEEE 802.3U

Define CSMA/CD access method and physical layer
specifications for 100BASE- TX Fast Ethernet. (Nowincorporated in IEEE 802.3-2005.)

IEEE 802.3X

Define Ethernet frame start/stop requests and timers used forflow control on full-duplex links. (Now incorporated in IEEE
802.3-2005.)

IEEE 802.3Z

Define CSMA/CD access method and physical layer
specifications for 1000BASE Gigabit Ethernet. (Nowincorporated in IEEE 802.3-2005.)

LAN SEGMENT

Separate LAN or collision domain.

LED

Light emitting diode used for monitoring a device or network
condition.

LOCAL AREA
NETWORK (LAN)A group of interconnected computer and support devices.

MEDIA ACCESSCONTROL (MAC)

A portion of the networking protocol that governs access to thetransmission medium, facilitating the exchange of data
between network nodes.

MIB

An acronym for Management Information Base. It is a set of
database objects that contains information about the device.

MODAL
BANDWIDTH

Bandwidth for multimode fiber is referred to as modal
bandwidth because it varies with the modal field (or core
diameter) of the fiber. Modal bandwidth is specified in units of
MHz per km, which indicates the amount of bandwidth
supported by the fiber for a one km distance.

NETWORKDIAMETER

Wire distance between two end stations in the same collision
domain.

RJ-45 CONNECTOR

A connector for twisted-pair wiring.

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SWITCHED PORTS

Ports that are on separate collision domains or LAN segments.

TIA

Telecommunications Industry Association.

TRANSMISSIONCONTROL
PROTOCOL/INTERNE
T PROTOCOL(TCP/IP)

Protocol suite that includes TCP as the primary transport
protocol, and IP as the network layer protocol.

USER DATAGRAM
PROTOCOL (UDP)

UDP provides a datagram mode for the packet-switchedcommunications. It uses the IP as the underlying transportmechanism to provide access to IP-like services.
UDP packets are delivered just like IP packets – connection-lessdata grams that may be discarded before reaching their targets.
UDP is useful when TCP would be too complex, too slow, or justunnecessary.

UTP

Unshielded twisted-pair cable.

VIRTUAL LAN (VLAN)

A Virtual LAN is a collection of network nodes that share thesame collision domain regardless of their physical location orconnection point in the network. A VLAN serves as a logicalworkgroup with no physical barriers, allowing users to share
information and resources as though located on the same LAN.

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