11th International Workshop on Decentralized Wastewater Treatment in Asia

Social implementation research on cultivation of rice suitable forsake brewing by effluent from large scale Johkasou
ーEco-friendly sake “Sui Shigen” is newly released！ーDr. Shuhei Masuda
Associate Professor, Civil Engineering and Architecture, Department of Creative Systems Engineering,
National Institute of Technology Akita College

Goals for sustainable development
Resource circulation in whole society is one of theimportant themes

Medieval Japan：Realization of a resource recycling
society by sewerage resource and agriculture
Farm農村village

I would like tomake a goodrice field.
How do I
achieve it?

Compost storage is…
It is traditional agricultural equipment thatis used on agriculture from long time ago.

Agricultura
l products

Compost has usedcarefully as fertilizer .

Trading of night soil
Annual desludging feeof vault toilet is 5 ryo（1 ryo = Approx. JPY
100,000〜400,000,
Housing complex with12 rooms）

Urban area

Nightsoil

Modern times：Disconnection of sewerage system
and agriculture
Water
environment

Water
supplyDomestic
Wastewater

Agriculture

Sewerage
Treatment
Facility

Import fertilizer
Nitrogen・
phosphorus・
potassium Isolation of water ・ resource circulation
 Agriculture depends on import fertilizer

Formation of stereotype on sewerage
resource
Bad smell

Dirty

DangerUsing for agriculture is outrageous!

Domestic Wastewater Treatment is…
Water
environment

Water
supplyDomestic
Wastewater

Sewerage
Treatment
Facility

Effluent from the Sewerage
Treatment Facility
Scientifically safe water that is implemented
by biological treatment and disinfection
 Containing nitrogen and phosphorus can be used as
nutrition for plantIt’s possible to utilize in hygienicallycondition as agricultural fertilizer

Advanced treatment：There are cases that
require much energy to remove nitrogen andphosphorus
Blue-green Algae（hyper bloom of cyanobacteria）

Algaes which consisting
Blue-green Algae（Like plant, nitrogen andphosphorus are nutrition）

Prevention of hyper bloom of algae（Prevention of Eutrophication）

Vision：Goal of resource circulation

Energy saving
Sewerage
Treatment
Facility

Water
Environment

Conservation

Agriculture

Independence

Effluent from the Sewerage
Treatment Facility（Nitrogen and phosphorus
remains）

×Importfertilizer

Establishment of sustainable regional
community by circulation of water & resourceand preservation of environmentIdea got in Akita
prefectureProduction
amount of rice

3rd place in×the nation

Consumption
amount of sake(per capita)

2nd place inthe nation

Effluent from the Sewerage Treatment Facility
×
Rice suitable for sake brewing （brewer’s rice）
×SakeHistory
FY 2017〜2019
Test in the pilot paddy field：evaluation of safety
FY 2020〜ongoing Test in the actual paddy field：evaluation ofquality & technology

Test in the pilot paddy field （brewer’s rice ”Akita SakeKomachi” × effluent from the Sewerage Treatment Facility）〇Experiment with Reactor（effluent＋rain water）③①②④
三角堰から各系列へ

The flowof water

ポンプアップ⑤三角堰⑥Mr.Takeda, a pioneer.

Drainageoutlet〇Experiment with pot in greenhouse（effluent＋tap water）

Safety：Influence of heavy metal for soil
and unpolished rice
unit：mg/kg
Item
Act to Prevent Soil Contamination on Agricultural
Land
Control standards for the prevention of theaccumulation of heavy metals in the soils in thefarmland

Cadmium(Rice：35 samples，2017〜2019）

Copper（soil：2 years）

Arsenic（Soil：2 years）

Zink(Soil：2 years)

MeasuredvalueStandardvalue✓ 0.40.02（Max：0.07)✓ 125
4.8→4.8 ✓1585.0→84.1✓ 120
16.1→8.8

Risk of heavy metal by irrigation of effluent is low

NEXT STEP：Search for thepaddy field for demonstration
Condition① Paddy field shall be located nearby the seweragetreatment facility② Can get approval by farmers③ Irrigation of effluent in paddy field shall not affectto the around water supply
Water and Sewer Bureau in Akita city
Officers of municipal government
in Akita city
Introduction of agricultural worker
Source : Tohoku Regional Agricultural Administration Office website

Activities in the actual paddy field（FY 2021）
Control zone
（Only chemical fertilizer）

Experiment zone
（Effluent from theSewerage Treatment Facility＋agricultural water）
Shortening of irrigationseason：May～June

Field A

Paddy field fordemonstration 35 a

Field C
Field B
Effluent is supplied
from seweragetreatment facility

Adjusting Inlet effluent volume bytimer control

Scale up to 35 a
No chemical fertilizer・cultivating brewer’s rice by effluent from the Sewerage
Treatment Facility＋ irrigation water
Load of effluent from the Sewerage Treatment Facility: Field A＜Field B＜Field C

Status of growth
Controlzone

Experimentzone

28-May6-August

22-June24-September

Quality of harvest
Crude protein（6.5〜8.0%）

Thousand kernelweight（Less than28.5g ）Percentage ofwhole grain(More than 65％)

Cadmium（0.4 mg/kg）

Experiment zone
（Average of 3 fields）

Judge

Control zone

8.9％

△8.2%

26.8g

○27.1g78.9％○77.5%

0.06○<0.05

mg/kg

mg/kg

 Total amount of harvest：1.4 t（first class rice）
 Little higher value of Crude protein in experimentzone however, it is in the permissible range

Towards the Brewing！

Dewatsuru Sake Brewery agreed with thepurpose of this project and readily agreed tobrew it.（…but requires capital）

Crowdfunding （FAN AKITA）*Currently renamed to SCOP

ラボメンバー

From 1- February to 15-March 2020,
2,168,000 JPY (from 290 people) wascollected. Also received support fromlocal businesses.

Thankyou！

Sui Shi Gen

Eco-friendly Sake：“酔思源” has debut！
The name of sake is derived from
「飲水思源 (In Sui Shi Gen)」
which is an idiom made from historicalevents of China.

飲水思源(In Sui Shi Gen)
〜 Those whodrink it should
remind of itssource.〜
National Institute ofTechnology Akita Collegex Dewazuru
Released in April 2020

Statue by Lake Tazawa

Sake tasting reviews: Gorgeous ginjoko,
refreshing sour taste, and good balance ofrice flavor.

Collaboration withStudents

Source: 15-February, 2022, Akita Kai ShimpoPractical studies with actual & onsite experience
Education for sustainable development （ESD); Diversity, Mutuality, Finiteness, Fairness,
Collaboration, ResponsibilityImage against sewage resources
Bad smell

Dirty

DangerBenefit• Circulating use of local resources• Reducing environmental impact• Features (ethical consumption)

Acknowledgment
 Akita City Water and Sewerage Bureau
 Akita Prefecture Construction Bureau
Sewerage Management Division Akita Research Institute for Food and Brewing Agricultural cooperative corporation
Murakoshi Nosan
 Nissui Con Co., Ltd.
 Nippon Denki Kogyo Co., Ltd.
 Yuai Building Service Co., Ltd.
Part of the content of this presentation was
supported by a Sumitomo Foundation
Environmental Grant.

Thank you for your attention