INDEX
Message from the Director-General
Research Activities  Full Research  Pre Research  Feasibility Studies   Completed Research (CR) Follow-up Grants

1
3
5
78
84
97

Centers for Research Development (CRD) and Promotion (CRP)

100

Outreach Program and Events   RIHN International Symposium   RIHN Public Seminars   RIHN Kids Seminar   RIHN Open House  RIHN Area Seminars  RIHN Tokyo Seminar   The Earth Forum Kyoto; Special Session and International Symposium   The Earth Hall of Fame KYOTO  RIHN Seminars   Lunch Seminars (Danwakai)   RIHN Annual Open Meeting  Press Conferences  Publications

101
102
103
103
103
104
104
104
104
106
107
107
108

Individual Achievements

109

Appendices
1. Number and Affiliation of Project Members
2. Research Fields of Project Members
3. Research Project Sites

1

Message from the Director-General
The Research Institute for Humanity and Nature (RIHN) was established in April 2001 to conduct integrated
research in the field of global environmental studies. In 2004, RIHN became one of the original members of the
National Institutes for the Humanities (NIHU), as an Inter-University Research Institute Corporation.
Environmental degradation can be understood as an imbalance in interactions between human beings and natural
systems. Our mission is therefore to conduct solution-oriented research aimed at exploring how interactions between
humanity and nature ought to be. RIHN conducts interdisciplinary research spanning the natural sciences, humanities,
and social sciences, and transdisciplinary research, collaborating with various stakeholders in society.
As of the end of FY2015 RIHN has completed twenty-seven research projects, each of which has establishedextensive research networks in order to make important contributions in its area of specialization. FY2015 is the final
year of the phase II of the interim plan of RIHN, and we overviewed the overall activities of the institute and publishedthe report of the external review. Based on this report we have established the new structure of the institute, including
the research strategy, project styles, supporting center etc. for the phase III of the interim plan of RIHN starting from
FY2016.
As part of RIHN’s international activities, RIHN is keeping  the Asian Regional Centre for Future Earth, which is
expected to promote the overall research and capacity buildings of Future Earth in Asia.
This annual report describes the updated outcome of these activities of RIHN for the FY2015. I do hope thisannual report will help you to understand the overall activity within the FY2015.
With best regards,
YASUNARI Tetsuzo
Director-General
Research Institute for Humanity and Nature

3
Research Activities

Research Activities●Full Research
Project No.
Project Name

C-09-Init (Project leader: KUBOTA Jumpei)
Designing Local Frameworks for Integrated Water Resources Management

p. 5

Project No.
Project Name

D-05 (Project leader: ISHIKAWA Satoshi)
Coastal Area Capability Enhancement in Southeast Asia

p. 14

Project No.
Project Name

R-07 (Project leader: TANAKA Ueru)
Desertification and Livelihood in Semi-Arid Afro-Eurasia

p. 23

Project No.
Project Name

E-05-Init (Project leader: SATO Tetsu)
p. 31
Creation and Sustainable Governance of New Commons through Formation of Integrated
Local Environmental Knowledge

Project No.
Project Name

R-08 Init (Project leader: TANIGUCHI Makoto)p. 40
Human-Environmental Security in Asia-Pacific Ring of Fire: Water-Energy-Food Nexus

Project No.
Project Name

R-09 (Project leader: HABU Junko)Long-term Sustainability through Place-Based, Small-scale Economies: Approaches
from Historical Ecology

p. 49

Project No.
Project Name

H-05 (Project leader: NAKATSUKA Takeshi)
Societal Adaptation to Climate Change: Integrating Palaeoclimatological Datawith Historical and Archaeological Evidencesp. 61

Project No.
Project Name

D-06 (Project leader: OKUDA Noboru)
p. 70
Biodiversity-driven Nutrient Cycling and Human Well-being in Social-ecological Systems●Pre Research
1. MCGREEVY, Steven Robert (RIHN)
Life-worlds of Sustainable Food Consumption: Agrifood Systems in Transitionp. 78●Individual Collaboration FS
1. KAJITANI Shinji (The University of Tokyo)
Local Standard in Globalization: Social Inclusive Approaches towards Transformation of Local Communities
2. KANEKO Nobuhiro (Yokohama National University)
Food Sovereignty, Sustainable Agriculture and Fukushima Contamination
3. FUNAKAWA Shinya (Kyoto University)
Integrative Study on the Linkage of Agricultural Activities and Environmental Degradation through Systematic
Analysis, Research and Improving Practices, and Reintegration●Institutional Collaboration FS
1. MIZUNO Kosuke (Kyoto University)
Toward the Regeneration of Tropical Peatland Societies: Establishment of an International Research Network
and Proposal of its Future
2. FUNAMIZU Naoyuki (Hokkaido University)
Value-based Sanitation: Sanitation Value Chain for Human Happiness and Resources Management
3. ICHIE Tomoaki (Kochi University)
Evaluation and Use of Non-monetary Benefits from Protected Tropical Rain Forest Areas in Southeast Asia

4
RIHN Annual Report 2015

●Initiative-based FS
1. HANDOH Itsuki C. (RIHN)
Co-Creating Heuristic and Autonomous Risk-Recognition System and Value-Action Networking for Futurability●Incubation Studies
1. KANEKO Shinji (Hiroshima University)
p. 94
Social Optimization of Water-energy Nexus in Small-scale Distributed System for Poverty Alleviation
2. SAKAKIBARA Masayuki (Ehime University)
p. 94
Regional Innovation for High-environmental Impact Mitigation and its Social Acceptance
3. SUGIYAMA Saburo (Aichi Prefectural University)
p. 94
Interdisciplinary Comparative Research of Human Uniqueness: Re-interpreting the Formation of Ancient
Civilization from Cognitive (Brain, Genome) Sciences and Global Environment Studies
4. MURAYAMA Satoshi (Kagawa University)
p. 95
Mathematical-geographical Modelling on Divergencies of Humanity and Nature in Early and Pre-modern
Worlds
5. YOSHIDA Takehito (The University of Tokyo)
p. 95
Co-creating the Spatially-explicit Integrated Knowledge for Climate Change Adaptation of Local
Communities
6. YAMAMOTO Taro (Nagasaki University)
p. 95
Exploratory Studies on Human Adaptation Mechanism to Modern Plague
7. OKI Kazuo (The University of Tokyo)
p. 96
Study on Causality between Economic Globalization and Local Environments by the Multi-framing
Approach
8. HOMMA Kosuke (Niigata University)
p. 96
Assessing and Predicting Fluctuations in the Functional Diversity of Satoyama Paddy Landscapes in East
Asia’s Monsoon Region: Towards the Creation of New Satoyama in Response to the Transformationof Rural Society●Completed Research (CR) Follow-up Grants
p. 97
1. SAKAI Shoko (Kyoto University)
Outreach Activity for Network Development in Malaysia
2. MOJI Kazuhiko (Nagasaki University)
Support for the 9th National Health Research Forum of Lao PDR in 2015
3. KUBOTA, Jumpei (RIHN)
Network Development for Establishing an Integrated Management Model of R. Syr Darya with Special Emphasis
on Environmental Preservation
4. OKUMIYA Kiyohito (Kyoto University)
The Establishment of the Occasion on Opinion and Information Exchange for Rural Development, Environmental
Conservation and Health Promotion in Highland Mountainous Village
5. KADA Ryohei (Shijonawate Gakuen University)
Evaluation of Social Experiment for Sustainable Risk Management
6. NAWATA Hiroshi (Akita University)
Developing a New Framework for Forest Resource Management in Semi-arid Land: By Seeking an Appropriate
Way of Utilization of Indigenous and Alien Species in Eastern Sudan
7. Muramatsu Shin (The University of Tokyo)
Developing City Sustainability Index (CSI) System and Implementation of Case Method

5Research Projects

Stage: Full Research
Project No.: C-09-Init
Abbreviated Title: C-09-Init
Project Leader: KUBOTA Jumpei

RIHN

Project Name: Designing Local Frameworks for Integrated Water Resources Management

Research Axis: Circulation
Key Words: Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM), local water resources governance, pro-humanistic water
resources assessment，Water Consilience○ Research Subject and Objectives
The concept of Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM) was first proposed in the 1990s, at thetime of worldwide growing environmental awareness and has been recognized as a fundamental principle
for comprehensive water resources management, where in various sectors and many stakeholders are
involved. However, challenges still remain in the implementation of IWRM in local communities andeffective assessment of the influence of human activities on the water environment. IWRM has focused on
integrating sectors and organizations that govern various resources, such as surface water andgroundwater. However, there appears to be a lack of systematic flexibility, because they have insisted
on water allocation plans of the demand side rather than various requests by the users’side, andhistorical and cultural backgrounds sometimes have not been considered well. Further, local water
resources have been under joint management by water users, but there has been a switch to top-down
management by public organizations with their increasing involvement, which follows modernization andexpansion of irrigation systems. Moreover, qualitative changes are occurring within the structure ofsociety, such as hastening of private assignment of water management. Therefore, new frameworks/
guidelines have been requested for local to regional water resources management (e.g. Biswas 2004).
Furthermore, the target of IWRM is to focus on “quantity” over “quality.”Water management must consider
domestic and industrial water quality in addition to assessing water quantity for agricultural use whenassessing global water resources dynamics.
The goal of C-09-Init is to present water resources management at the local level, which is thefoundation of IWRM, to be a social implemented, and to develop the knowledge structure and ability for
implementing this management among the concerned parties. In particular, we considers a management
structure that reflects the relationship among various water users. Based on this specific content andthe necessary conditions for establishing the management structure, the project aims to suggest
desirable local water resources management guidelines through co-operation between science and society.
Furthermore, the tools to implement techniques for a more proactive discussion and to achieve specificobjectives will also be developed. Based on research results, information grounded in scientificevidence for further research will be presented to various stakeholders from policy makers to local end
water users.
Finally, C-09-Init will propose knowledge structures and functions of water resources management tolocal-level stakeholders who play the essential role in adapting IWRM into society. The research
therefore involves considerable exchange between the scientific evidence of water cycles in particularplaces and the wide range of stakeholders involved in water management and use. The project’s goals are
to develop cooperation between science and society in order to stimulate the co-creation of desirable
local water resource management.

○ Progress and Results in 2015
Overall progress
In order to accomplish the goals of the project, we have established several study sites in Indonesia,
Turkey, Egypt and Japan. Cases in Indonesia and Turkey give us a geographical and hydrological contrast

Research Projects

URL: http://www.chikyu.ac.jp/P-C09/

6
RIHN Annual Report 2015

between humid and semiarid to arid regions experiencing increasing demand of water resources associatedwith rapid economic growth. The Japanese case presents interesting contrast as it shows steady or
decreasing demand for water resources. Project researchers have surveyed the management structuresreflecting the relationship between water users in each area and observed important backgroundhydrological and socio-economic dynamics.
Project research puts special emphasis on the sites in Indonesia and Turkey as they present a simple
hydrological contrast between humid and arid regions, while their historical and cultural differences
offer comparative examples of water management structures We have been developing a GIS system toanalyze land-use change indicated by satellite observations in relation to other important conditions
such as areas affected by flooding and drought. We held stakeholder meetings and conducted action
research in field study areas in order to promote mutual understanding of how different actors perceive
water-related problems and seek new ways of establishing proper water resources management. Both thehydrological model and GIS system are utilized as information-sharing tools in stakeholder workshops.
Through these activities, C-09-Init aims at an assessment of the influence of man-made changes in
the hydrological cycle of the environments as well as a response to problems that have risen because ofenvironmental impacts. This is an essential topic in the Circulation Program. Moreover, with respect tolocal water and land management, C-09-Init aims to concretely work on the plans drafted in the Gaia
Initiative as an Initiative-based Project. This states that “As human societies design their futures,
they require best understandings of the Earth’s natural dynamism and the significance of human action
within it. Therefore, the Gaia Initiative investigates of the physiospheric bases of humanity at
multiple spatiotemporal scales; and it emphasizes on the description of physical standards related toboundaries and thresholds in order to allow the analysis of and best eco-technological adaptations todynamic Earth environments.”
Individual results of survey and research
The following three points are described as basic results to the end of FR4. 1) We reorganized
the project design according to PEC’ comments and focused on the cases in Indonesia and Turkey as major
target areas for transdisciplinary studies. 2) Based on the results of our observational survey, we
have started collaborative studies, such as meetings,workshops and participatory monitoring in South
Sulawesi, Bali and Turkey in collaboration with various stakeholders. 3) Through these collaborative
studies, we archived the improvement of water management in South Sulawesi,Indonesia by a series ofcollaborative meetings with stakeholders,establishment of a new “Forum DAS” preparatory committee inBali, Indonesia,and the success of a pilot project of “night irrigation” for saving water and achieving
higher production.
(1) Clarification of conventional water resources management systems in humid areas and attempts to cocreation of knowledge between science and society (Indonesia):
We further conducted hydrological observations and land use surveys of targeted watersheds in Baliand South Sulawesi, beginning in 2011, and clarified water use and balance in rice cultivation during
the dry season.These studies revealed that water users cultivated paddy during the dry season
considering their respective geographical conditions while empirically utilizing limited water
resources. Moreover, we have established systems in South Sulawesi to realize “co-creation by scienceand society”supported by various stakeholders, including farmers, local municipalities, and a NGO. In
Bali, we implemented a fact-finding survey on water governing structures whose basis is Subak and foundthat managing communities regarded as autonomous had changed into co-operative associations organizedunder public policies; and that public-financing systems prompted such dynamics. We have also started
surveys on recent land use change under globalization and mass tourism. Subak is widely recognized as
an ideal autonomous irrigation system (Geertz 1972, Lansing 1991, 2006; Ostrom 1992); however, we
confirmed recent changes in the functions and roles of Subak. As outcomes of natural scientificsurveys, isotopic analysis on various water origins in the whole watershed exhibited the importance ofdeep groundwater flow maintaining stable river flow during the dry period. The effects of theintroduction of cash crops, such as clove and banana, on water balance and soil erosion were quantified
by the field experiments. These results supported the people’s perception and recognition of recent
problems because of land use change.

7
Research Projects(2) Outcomes of the collaboration work with various stakeholders in Indonesia(3)Integrated understanding of the impacts of institutions, technologies and outlook on natural
resources of water users related to water resources management(Turkey):
Since decentralization in the 1990s, Turkey has had governance problems such as an information divisionand unclear attribution of responsibility. In particular, excessive use of water and fertilizers has
increased soil salinity in the government-initiated irrigation project in the Harran Plain. We havecontinued to observe water quality including salinity, hydrology, and land use changes; and have foundthat increasing numbers of farmers are growing citrus in the Seyhan Basin, because of increased price.
This crop requires more water, and government subsidies are changing crop patterns in the Harran Plain.
We have conducted a questionnaire survey regarding the willingness to pay and farmers’ behaviours andtheir recognition of water use. The results revealed that most farmers are dissatisfied with the newwater law and government policies. This law prevents farmers from communicating and building mutual
trust with public sectors. In the first stakeholders meeting in March 2014, we attempted to promotemutual understanding among various stakeholders and stimulate them to proactively co-operate for better
water management. After the meeting, a water users ’ association (WUA) consulted us with regard to
avoiding excessive irrigation and resultant decrease in production. We proposed a night irrigation
system. With operational support from an NGO and funding from the Coca-Cola Foundation, the WUA
conducted a pilot project. The two-year project was very successful, achieving the irrigation watersaving (200 mm in 2014 and 260 mm in 2015) and higher crop production (15-18% in 2014 and 22-25% in2015). The night irrigation project will be supported by UNDP in the following year.
(4) Development of tools for sharing information among stakeholders
We have been developing a GIS system(tentatively called “Atlas of Water Resources”), including land
use change analyzed with satellite data, various statistics, and areas devastated by flooding anddrought in the past. Both the hydrological model and GIS system have been used as tools in workshops toshare water resources management information among various stakeholders..

Research Projects2) South Sulawesi: The absence of proper communication among water managers (gate operators on
irrigation canals), who are employed by both the government and water users’associations, was clearly
identified in the stakeholders’ meeting in Sulawesi January 2014, in which approximately 100 leaders offarmers, water managers,and government supervisors participated. After this meeting, we supported
autonomous discussion among water managers. All meetings, including small ones, were recorded to tracechanges in awareness and behavior and to describe our actions to stakeholders. Through these meetings,
a detailed water allocation schedule was established and shared with water managers and farmers,
improving the performance of water allocation and consequently rice production in 2014. In 2015, we
extended this “action-meeting series in collaboration with stakeholders” to other irrigation districts,
resulting in success.

RIHN

1) Bali: The first stakeholders meeting in Bali was held in September 2013. Over 50 leaders of Subakin the Saba River watershed in the north of Bali Island and related government officials from various
sectors attended the meeting. Most participants described problems that had recently arisen between
Subak members and outsiders, such as illegally dumped waste associated with water pollution and illegal
construction on irrigation canals. Because Subak comprises farmers, it was difficult to resolve these
problems beyond Subak governance. Participants realized the necessity for communication beyond the
Subak governance; therefore, we are now preparing comprehensive meetings on watershed management
involving other stakeholders outside Subak. The second stakeholders meeting was held on October 2014.
Based on the recognition of recent problems raised by rapid land-use change with urbanization and cashcrop introduction, the Forum DAS (river committee) preparatory committee was established,comprisingheads of Subaks, officials and engineers in local governments,scientists, and NGO workers. After ninepreparatory meetings held From December 2014 to August 2015, the Forum DAS was officially launched on
October 22, 2015.

8
RIHN Annual Report 2015

○Project Members◎ KUBOTA Jumpei◎ RAMPISELA, Dorotea
Agnes
NAKAGAMI Ken'ichi
KOTERA Akihiko
SEKINO Nobuyuki
HASHIMOTO WATANABE
SatokoKATO Hisaaki
KOYAMA Masami( Research Institute for Humanity and Nature,Professor,Project Leader )( Research Institute for Humanity and Nature,Associate Professor,Co-Project
Leader )( Research Institute for Humanity and Nature/Ritsumeikan University,Visiting
Professor/Specially Appointed Professor )( Research Institute for Humanity and Nature,Senior Project Researcher )( Research Institute for Humanity and Nature,Project Researcher )( Research Institute for Humanity and Nature,Project Researcher )( Research Institute for Humanity and Nature,Project Research Associate )( Research Institute for Humanity and Nature,Project Research Associate )<Indonesia>○ MIZUTANI Masakazu( Utsunomiya University,Professor Emeritus )○ KAGAMI Haruya( Kanazawa University,Professor )OUE Hiroki( Ehime University,Professor )SATO Yoshinobu( Ehime University,Associate Professor )LABAN, Sartika( Ehime University,Doctoral Student )LIMIN, Sanz Grifrio ( Ehime University,Doctoral Student )HIRAYAMA Naoko( The University of Shiga Prefecture,Assistant Professor )NAKAGIRI Takao( Osaka Prefecture University,Associate Professor )OGUNI Kazuko( Nihon Fukushi University,Associate Professor )ARIF, Chnsnul( Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia,Lecturer )CHADIRIN, Yudi
( Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia,Lecturer )Liyantono( Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia,Lecturer )PURWANTO, Mohamad( Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia,Lecturer )Yanuar Jarwadi
SAPTOMO, Satyanto K.( Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia,Lecturer )○ SETIAWAN, Budi I.
( Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia,Professor )SUDARTHA, Made
( Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia,Research Associate )Sutoyo( Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia,Lecturer )BAJA, Sumbangan( Hasanuddin University, Indonesia,Professor )IDRUS, Ilmi
( Hasanuddin University, Indonesia,Professor )MUSA, Yunus( Hasanuddin University, Indonesia,Professor )MUSTAFA, Muslimin( Hasanuddin University, Indonesia,Professor )BUDIASA, I Wayan( Udayana University, Indonesia,Lecturer )PITANA, I. Gde( Udayana University, Indonesia,Professor )MARUDDIN, Ratna( NGO "Lembaga Pelangi", Indonesia,Staff )<Turkey>○ NAGANO Takanori
YAMAMURA Yuta
○ TAMURA Ulara○ HAMASAKI Hironori○ NAITO Masanori
YAMANLAR MIZUNO
Minako○ AKҪA, ErhanOĞUZ, Ibrahim
SABBAĞ, Çiğdem
TOPAK, Yusuf( Kobe University,Associate Professor )( Kobe University,Graduate Student )( Kanazawa University, Center for Cultural Resource Studies,Project AssistantProfessor )( Nagasaki University, Graduate School of Fisheries Science and Environmental
Studies,Associate Professor )( Doshisha University,Professor )( JAPON TÜRK DOSTLUK DERNEĞİ,Director )( Adiyaman University, Turkey,Associate Professor )( Adiyaman University, Turkey,Assistant Professor )( Adiyaman University, Turkey,Assistant Professor )( Adiyaman University, Turkey,Assistant Professor )9Research Projects<Egypt>○ TAKARA Kaoru
HAMAGUCHI Toshio
WATANABE Tsugihiro
LUO Pingping( The University of Shiga Prefecture,Professor )( Kyoto University,Associate Professor )( The University of Shiga Prefecture,Assistant Professor )( The University of Shiga Prefecture,Assistant Professor )( Lake Biwa Museum,Researcher )( Toho University,Lecturer )( Kyoto University,Professor )( Kyoto University,Assistant Professor )( Kyoto University,Professor )( United Nations University - Institute for the Advanced Study of
Sustainability,Postdoctoral Fellow )ABE Ayako( The University of Tokyo,Associate Professor )KAKUTA Ieko
( Asia University,Professor )○ TAKAMIYA Izumi( Kinki University,Professor )HASEGAWA So( Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Cairo,Director )BAKRY, Mohamed Fawzy( National Water Research Center, Egypt,Professor and Vice President )EL KHOLY, Rasha( National Water Research Center, Egypt,Associate Professor )○ ABOU EL FOTOUH,( The Water Management Research Institute, National Water Research Center,
Nahla Zaki
Egypt,Professor and Institute Director )○ ABOU EL HASSAN,( The Water Management Research Institute, National Water Research Center,
Waleed H.
Egypt,Associate Professor )EL GAMAL, Talat( The Water Management Research Institute, National Water Research Center,
Egypt,Assistant Professor )EL NABY GAFFAR,( The Water Management Research Institute, National Water Research Center,
Ibrahim Abd
Egypt,Assistant Professor )FAWZY, Gamal Mohamed( The Water Management Research Institute, National Water Research Center,
Egypt,Professor )ISMAIL, Ahmed Sayed ( The Water Management Research Institute, National Water Research Center,
Egypt,Senior AG-Engineer )Research Projects<Echigawa>○ AKIYAMA Michio○ NAKAMURA Kimihito
MINAGAWA Akiko
ONO Nana
KASHIO Tamaki
SHIBATA Yuki

RIHN

ZORLU, Kemal( Adiyaman University, Turkey,Assistant Professor )○ BERBEROĞLU, Suha
( Çukurova University, Turkey,Professor )ÇETİN, Mahmut( Çukurova University, Turkey,Professor )DÖNMEZ, Cenk
( Çukurova University, Turkey,Assistant Professor )GÜLTEKİN, Ufuk
( Çukurova University, Turkey,Assistant Professor )İBRİKÇİ, Hayriye( Çukurova University, Turkey,Professor )KANBER, Rıza
( Çukurova University, Turkey,Professor )KAPUR, Selim( Çukurova University, Turkey,Professor )KESKİNER, Demir Ali ( Çukurova University, Turkey,Graduate Student )KİBAR, Mustafa( Çukurova University, Turkey,Professor and Rector )TİLKİCİ, Burak( Çukurova University, Turkey,Graduate Student )AYDOĞDU, Mustafa( Harran University, Turkey,Lecturer )HakkıBİLGİLİ, Ali Volkan ( Harran University, Turkey,Associate Professor )○ ҪULLU, Mehmet A.
( Harran University, Turkey,Professor )MUTLU, İbrahim Halil( Harran University, Turkey,Professor and Rector )SATIR, Onur
( Yuzuncu Yil University, Turkey,Assistant Professor )BAYSAL, Mehmet Emin ( General Directorate of State Hydraulic Works, Turkey,Head of a department )DONMA, Sevgi( State Hydraulic Works, Turkey,Engineer )DEMIR, Hüseyin( GAP Regional Development Administration, Turkey,Senior Engineer )KARAHOCAGIL,( Republic of Turkey Ministry of Development Southeastern Anatolia Project
Sadrettin
Regional Development Administration, Turkey,Administrator )10
RIHN Annual Report 2015

<Global Model>
OKI Taikan
HANASAKI Naota
CHONO IMAGAWA Chie
GROENFELDT, DavidJohn( The University of Tokyo,Professor )( National Institute for Environmental Studies,Senior Researcher )( Sompo Japan Nipponkoa Risk Management Inc.,Senior Risk Analyst )( Water-Culture Institute, USA,Director )○ Future Themes
Through the research activities, the project has proposed knowledge structures and functions of water
resources management to local-level stakeholders who play the essential role in adapting IWRM into
society. The research therefore involves considerable exchange between the scientific evidence of water
cycles in particular places and the wide range of stakeholders involved in water management and use.
The project’s goals are to develop cooperation between science and society in order to stimulate theco-creation of desirable local water resource management.
Publications and outreach
we have extended local collaborative action research at each site and attempted to summarize ourresults and experiences with special emphasis on comparison and integration among case studies throughvarious methods;international conferences (7th World Water Forum(April 2015, South Korea), 10th
International Symposium in RIHN (June 2015, Japan), and EuroSoil 2016 (July 2016, Istanbul)), stakeholder meetings (Bali: October 22,2015, Sulawesi: February 1, 2016, and Turkey: December 14 and 16,2016), books(two books in English and one in Japanese, in preparation), articles, Guiding Manual(February 2016, Indonesia). Even after the project completion, local activities at all sites are
expected to be continued by collaboration among stakeholders.

●Achievements○Books【Chapters/Sections】

・Akça, E. M. A. Çullu 2015 Improper Use of Turkey's Soil in Soil Atlas. Toprak Atlası. , pp.64-66. (inTurkish)・Rampisela Dorotea Agnes, Yoshida Hidemi 2015 A Long-term Evaluation of Resettlement to Urban Areas: A
Case Study of the Bili-Bili Dam in Indonesia Resettlement Policy in Large Development Projects.
Fujikawa, R., Nakayama, M. (ed.) Routledge Studies in Development, Displacement and Resettlement.
Routledge Taylor and Francis Group, UK.
・Pingping LUO, Apip, Kaoru Takara, Bin He, Weili Duan, Maochuan Hu and Daniel Nover 2015 Modelling
Shallow Landslide Risk Using GIS and a Distributed Hydro-geotechnical Model. J. Li, X. Yang (ed.)
Monitoring
andModelingof
GlobalChanges:A
Geomatics
Perspective.
.
DOI:
10.1007/978-94-017-9813-6_11.
・Ono,N., Hayashi,K., Murakami,S 2015 Chapter 3 How to Prepare for Surveys of Regional Society and
Local Community. Field work lesson note. Sun Rise shuppan, Shiga, pp.362-365. (in Japanese)・Jumpei KUbota 2015,10 The Water Resources Governance in China –Introduction of Water Rights Trading-.
Hideki Kitagawa and Jumpei Kubota (ed.) Watershed Governance and Environmental Policy in China.
Hakuto Shobo, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo. (in Japanese)○Papers【Original Articles】

・Kotera,A., Nagano,T.,Hanittinan,P., Koontanakulvong,S. 2016,01 Assessing the degree of flood damage
to rice crops in the Chao Phraya delta, Thailand, using MODIS satellite imaging. Paddy and Water
Environment 14 :271-280. DOI:10.1007/s10333-015-0496-9.(reviewed).

11
Research Projects

・Hamaguchi, T., Sumi, T., Tanaka, S. 2015,08 Parameter Design of Basic Section for Gravity Dam throughParticle Swarm Optimization Approach considering Long-term Sediment Management under Climate Change.
Proc. of AOGS2015, 2-7 Aug 2015. .

・Kotera, A., Nagano, T., Berberoglu, S., and Cullu, M.A 2015,07 A global dataset of noiseless timeseries vegetation and water indices for farmland analysis. Proceedings of Fourth International
Conference on Agro-geoinformatics 2015 .(reviewed).

・Ibrikci, H.,Cetin, M., Berberoglu, S., Sagir, H., Karnez, E., Nagano, T., Fink, M., Kubota, J.,
Goehmann, H. 2015,06 Irrigation-induced groudwater pollution in Mediterranean Agriculture.
Proceedings of the 9th World Congress of the European Water Resources Association, Istanbul, Turkey,
10-13 June 2015 .
・Chiba,T. Endo,K., Sugai,T., Haraguchi,T., Kondo,R., Kubota, J. 2015 Reconstruction of Lake Balkhash
levels and precipitation/evaporation changes during the last 2000 years from fossil diatom
assemblages. Quaternary International 397 :330-341. DOI:10.1016/j.quaint.2015.08.009.(reviewed).
・Yuan Wang, Xian Zhang, Kubota, J., Xiaodong Zhu, Genfa Lu 2015 A semi-parametric panel data analysis
on the urbanization-carbon emissions nexus for OECD countires. Renweable and Sustainable Energy
Reviews 48 :704-709.(reviewed).
・Weili Duan, Bin He, Takara,K., Pingping LUO, M. Hu, Nor Eliza ALIAS, and Daniel Nover 2015 Changes ofprecipitation amounts and extremes over Japan between 1901 and 2012 and their connection to climate
indices. Climate dynamics . DOI:10.1007/s00382-015-2778-8.(reviewed).
・Pingping LUO, APIP, Bin He, Weili Duan, Kaoru Takara, and Daniel Nover 2015 Impact assessment of
rainfall scenarios and land-use change on hydrologic response using synthetic Area IDF curves.
Journal of Flood Risk Management . DOI:10.1111/jfr3.12164.(reviewed).
・Pingping LUO, Bin He, Kaoru Takara, Yin E Xiong, Daniel Nover, Weili Duan, and Kensuke Fukushi 2015
Historical Assessment of Chinese and Japanese Flood Management Policies and Implications forManaging Future Floods. Environmental Science & Policy 48 :265-277. DOI:10.1016/j.envsci.
2014.12.015.(reviewed).
・Nagano,T., Ono,Y., Kotera,A., Singh,A. 2015 Detecting fluctuation of rice cultivated areas in semiarid regions by combined use of MODIS and Landsat imagery. Hydrological Research Letters 9(4) :107-112.(reviewed).
・ Arif, C., Toriyama,K., Bayu Dwi Apri Nugroho, Mizoguchi,M. 2015 Crop coefficient and waterproductivity in conventional and system of rice intensification (SRI) irrigation regimes of terrace
rice fields in Indonesia. Jurnal Teknologi (Sciences & Engineering) 76(15) :97-102.(reviewed).
・Nagano,T., Ono,Y., Kotera,A., Singh,A. 2015 Detecting fluctuation of rice cultivated areas in semiarid regions by combined use of MODIS and Landsat imagery. Hydrological Research Letters 9(4) :107-112. DOI:10.3178/hrl.9.107.(reviewed).
・Hu, M., K. Takara, W. Duan, B. He and Pingping LUO 2015 Integrated Assessment of Hydro-Climatology
Variability in Kamo River Basin: Confronting Climate and Extremes. International Journal of
Sustainable Future for Human Security 3(1) :46-55.(reviewed).
・Weili Duan, Bin He, Kaoru Takara, Pingping LUO, Daniel Nover, and Maochuan Hu 2015 Modeling suspended
sediment sources and transport in the Ishikari River basin, Japan, using SPARROW. Hydrology and
Earth System Sciences 19 :1293-1306. DOI:10.5194/hess-19-1293-2015, 2015.(reviewed).
・Vilaysane,B., Takara,K., Pingping LUO, Inthavy Akkharath, Weili Duan 2015 Hydrological Stream Flow
Modelling for Calibration and Uncertainty Analysis by Using SWAT model in the Xedone River Basin,
Lao PDR. Procedia Environmental Sciences 28 :380-390. DOI:10.1016/j.proenv.2015.07.047.(reviewed).
・Setiawan, B.I., Arif,C., Rudiyanto, Askari,M. 2015 Optimizing irrigation and drainage rates in SRI
paddy fields. Jurnal Teknologi (Sciences & Engineering) 76(15) :139-145.(reviewed).

Research Projects

・Cetin, M., Ibrikci, H., Berberoglu, S., Fink, M., Nagano, T., Golpinar, M.S., Kubota, J., Goehmann,
H. 2015,06 Sustainability of Agricultural Water Management in Large Scale Irrigation Schemes: A Case
Study in Turkey. Proceedings of the 9th World Congress of the European Water Resources Association,
Istanbul, Turkey, 10-13 June 2015 .

RIHN

・Tanaka,K., Matsui,Y., Tanaka,S., Hamaguchi,T. 2015,08 Effects of the Resolution of GCM Output on the
Snow Water Equivalent Estimation. Proc. of AOGS2015, 2-7 Aug 2015 .

12
RIHN Annual Report 2015

・Saptomo, S.K., Chadirin,Y., Setiawan, B.I., Budiasa, I.W., Kato, H., Kubota, J. 2015 Quantifying
water balance of subak paddy field based on continuous field monitoring. Jurnal Teknologi (Sciences& Engineering) 76(15) :53-59.(reviewed).
・Rudiyanto, Sakai,M., Martinus Th. van Genuchten, A. A. Alazba, Setiawan, B.I., Minasny, B. 2015 A
complete soil hydraulic model accounting for capillary and adsorptive water retention, capillary andfilm conductivity, and hysteresis. Water Resources Research . DOI:10.1002/2015wr017703.(reviewed).
・Shibata, Y., Tsukimura, Y., Takemae Y. 2015 SEA approaches for Geothermal Development in Japan and
New Zealand: Comparison of Development Processes. International Association of Impact Assessment
Peer Reviewed Paper. Annual Conference 35 .(reviewed).
・ Akiyama, M., Matsu, M. 2015 Restructuring of Water Utilization from the Perspective of Local
Characteristics：Over the Recognition of Water Rights for Local Use in Uso River System. The Hikone
Ronso/ The Economic Society of Shiga University 403 :122-135. (in Japanese) (reviewed).
・Fujihara, Y., Hoshikawa, K., Fujii, H., Kotera, A., Nagano, T., Yokoyama, A. 2015 Analysis andattribution of trends in water levels in the Vietnamese Mekong Delta. Hydrol. Process 30(6) :835-845. DOI:10.1002/hyp.10642.(reviewed).
・I Wayan Budiasa, Budi Indra Setiawan, Hisaaki Kato, Nobuyuki Sekino, Jumpei Kubota 2015,12 THE ROLE
OF THE SUBAK SYSTEM AND TOURISM ON LAND USE CHANGES WITHIN THE SABA WATERSHED, NORTHERN BALI,INDONESIA. Journal of ISSAAS 21(2) :31-47.(reviewed).
・Jumpei Kubota 2016,03 China's Environmental Problems and Prospectus for Japanese Cooperation. The
Journal of Contemporary China Studies 5(1) :3-10.(reviewed).
・Satyanto K. Saptomo, Yudi Chadirin, Budi I. Setiawan, I Wayan Budiasa, Hisaaki Kato, Junpei Kubota
2015,08 QUANTIFYING WATER BALANCE OF SUBAK PADDY FIELD BASED ON CONTINUOUS FIELD MONITORING. Jurnal
Teknologi (Sciences & Engineering; Universiti Teknologi Malaysia) 76(15) :53-59.(reviewed).
○Research Presentations【Oral Presentation】

・Kotera, A. A Tool for Sharing Sense of Geography. International Symposium “Collaborative Action
toward Sustainable Water Resources Management”, 2016,02,01, Wisma Kalla, Makassar, Indonesia.
・Takao Nakagiri, Miyo Yoshizaki, Hisaaki Kato, D. Agnes Rampisela, Akihiko Kotera, Jumpei Kubota,
Haruhiko Horino and Shinji Sakurai Possibility of Estimation of Actually Cultivated Area in Paddy
Field Using Modis Images. ISSAAS2015 (International Society for Southeast Asian Agricultural
Sciences), 2015,11,07-2015,11,09, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Tokyo, Japan.
・I Wayan Budiasa, Satyanto Krido Saptomo, Yudi Chadirin, Chusnul Arif, Budi Indra Setiawan, Hisaaki
Kato, Agnes Rampisela, Jumpei Kubota A COMMUNITY ESTABLISHMENT FOR ACHIEVING IMPLEMENTATION OF
INTEGRATED WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT AND SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE AT SABA RIVER BASIN LEVEL,NORTHERN BALI, INDONESIA. ISSAAS2015 (International Society for Southeast Asian Agricultural
Sciences ), 2015,11,06-2015,11,09, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Tokyo, Japan.
・ Hamasaki, H. A study on IWRM practice in the irrigated agriculture in southeast Turkey - inperspective of a trial of transdisciplinary approach. The second 3 national universities forum,
2015,11,06, Nagasaki, Japan. (in Japanese)・ Akça, E. and Çullu,
2015,10,12-2015,10,12, .

M.A.

Opportunities

inMarginal

Regions.

UNCCD-COP

12

Meeting,・Turker, U., M. A. Çullu, N. Mutlu, H. Demir, F. Bozgeyik, M. Teke. Implementation of Sustainability
in the Precision Farming at The GAP Region. . Congress. (GAP Bölgesinde Hassas Tarım ve
Sürdürülebilir Uygulamaların Yaygınlaştırılması Projesi-In Turkish), 2015,09,02-2015,09,05,
Diyarbakır, Turkey . (in Turkish)・ SatyantoK. Saptomo, YudiChadirin, Budi I. Setiawan, I WayanBudiasa, Hisaaki Kato, Jumpei Kubota
QUANTIFYING WATER BALANCE OF SUBAK PADDY FIELD BASED ON CONTINUOUS FIELD MONITORING. PAWEES-INWEPF
Joint Internatilnal Conference 2015, 2015,08,19-2015,08,20, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
・Oue, H., Sartika Laban, Agnes Rampisela Irrigation Practices for Rice Cultivation and Water Balancein an Agricultural Water User's Association Region in South Sulawesi in the First Dry Season.
PAWEES-INWEPF Joint International Conference 2015, 2015,08,19-2015,08,21, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysi.

13
Research Projects

・Kotera, A., Nagano, T., Suha Berberoglu and Mehmet Ali Cullu A global dataset of noiseless timeseries vegetation and water indices for farmland analysis. The Forth International Conference on
Agro-Geoinformatics, 2015,07,20-2015,07,24, Istanbul, Turkey.

・SEKINO, Nobuyuki Gaps in Mutual Understanding in Interviews. 10th bRIHN International Symposium,
2015,06,17-2015,06,19, RIHN, Kyoto.
・Hamasaki, H. and Gultekin, U. Transition of Irrigation Governance in Southern Turkey. World Water
Congress XV, 2015,05,27, Edinburgh, UK.
・Akiyama, M. Coastal Zone Management in the Osaka Bay Area. Symposium of the 2015 Annual Meeting of
The Japanese Association of Economic Geographers, 2015,05,23, Amagasaki. (in Japanese)
・Bilgili A. V. , M. A. Çullu, Ç. Küçük Monitoring of Quality Parameter of Harran Plain by Using Score
Functions. Congress. (Harran Ovası Toprak Kalite Parametreleri ve Toprak Kalitesinin (Sağlığı) Skor
Fonksiyonları Kullanarak Takibi-In Turkish).GAP VII, 2015,04,28-2015,05,01, Şanlıurfa, Turkey. (inTurkish)・Akça, E and Çullu, M.A. Shifting Back to Local Knowledge for Irrigation of Cotton. 7th World Water
Forum, 2015,04,12-2015,04,17, Daegu EXCO ,Korea.
・Watanabe, T., W. Michihisa, N. Hashimoto, H. Yatagai, N. IizukaH.J. Oh, E. Akca, M. A. Cullu The
dynamics and perspectives of Japanese citizens’ participation and movements of NGO/NPO in the water
environmental protection and resource management after the 3rd WWF in Japan. The 7th World Water
Forum Citizens’ Network Japan” coordinated by the Water Cooperation Association Com aqua, Kyoto,
Japan, 2015,04,12-2015,04,17, Daegu EXCO ,Korea.
・Oue, H., Sanz Grifrio Limin Scientific reality of hydrological traits and human mindset on water andland use in the upstream Saba River Basin, Bali. RIHN 10th International Symposium Beyond
Stakeholder Engagement, 2015, RIHN.
・Hisaaki KATO Lessons Learned in Co-producing Knowledge: Establishing the Saba River Basin Community,
Bali. 10th RIHN International Symposium, Session2 Knowledge Co-Production in Water Governance:
Stories from the field, 2015,06,17-2015,06,19, Kyoto, RIHN.
【Invited Lecture / Honoronary Lecture / Panelist】

・Kotera, A. Monitoring and assessing the degree of flood damage to rice crops using MODIS satellite
imageries. The CoE (Center of Excellence) seminar, University of Yangon, 2015,07,24, University of
Yangon, Myanmar.

Research Projects

・ Kotera, A. The Power of Dialogical Tools in Water Resource Governance. RIHN 10th International
Symposium. Beyond Stakeholder Engagement: The people, cultures, institutions, and ecologies of new
water governance, 2015,06,17-2015,06,19, Research Institute for Humanity and Nature. Kyoto, Japan.

RIHN

・Nagano, T., Çetin, M., Hoshikawa, K, Satır; O., Berberoğlu, S., Kotera, A., Akça, E. Assessing water
budget structure of Akarsu Irrigation District, Turkey by the use of a distributed ecohydrology
model. 4th International Agro-Geoinformatics 2015 Conference, 2015,07,20-2015,07,24, .

14
RIHN Annual Report 2015

Stage: Full Research
Project No.: D-05
Project Name: Coastal Area-capability Enhancement in Southeast Asia
Abbreviated Title:
Project Leader: ISHIKAWA Satoshi
Research Axis: Diversity
URL: http://www.chikyu.ac.jp/CAPABILITY/
Key Words: Southeast Asia, Coastal Area, Fisheries Resource Management, Rural Devleopment, QoL○ Research Subject and Objectives
In recent years, there is a growing concern about the deterioration of marine ecosystems andresources. Especially, coastal area ecosystems have rapidly been worsening and destroyed, as they areaffected from global environmental changes and intensive human activities in both land and sea areas.
Many of those coastal areas holding high biological production supported by high biodiversity arelocated in tropical zones in developing countries, such as Southeast Asia. In Southeast Asia, coastal
ecosystem services have fostered high cultural diversity. Hence, coastal areas are characterized by theclose linkage between ecosystem and local people. The coastal area serves are bases of the livelihoodof local people, and human intervention is deeply embedded in ecosystem. This linkage enhances thecomplexity and affects the vulnerability of the ecosystem in the region (Fig.1). However,conservationand management activities originated in temperate zone usually focus particular ecologies andcommercial resources with little consideration of how multiple ecologies and livelihood strategies
overlap in culturally diverse contexts, and so they cannot be easily applied to tropical coastal areas
and there are no alternative theory and method to harmonize ecosystem conservation and rural
livelihoods based on their complex intervention importance.
In this project, we are going to investigate the linkage between livelihoods and ecosystem health incoastal areas through holistic field surveys, in order to clarify the environmental problems and its
causes based on chemical, biological, ecological, social and human science viewpoints.
Then, weconduct several collaborative action researches with local community to solve the environmental
problems based on our data and research result. Impact assessments and feedback practices to improve
our action researches are performed through town seminars and discussion among researchers and local
community.
Although community based participatory research and management actions have been highlighted asalternative trials of top-down management and rural development tool in developing countries, these
activities are usually evaluated performance improvement, e.g., income generation, productivity, andcost efficiency. We try to identify key potential factors which enable the performance improvements
through details of information and changes of livelihoods, behaviours and minds of collaborating
community members and other stakeholders.
We call an integral of the potential factors as “Area-capability” that will be a new concept ofevaluation and target for rural development. And our activities can provide how to conduct and evaluate“ Area-capability ” in research and participatory actions as new approach. Spreading the use andunderstanding of “Area-capability” may lead us to good relationship between humanity and nature.
Project Framework
To establish Area-capability concept and guideline, we treat three aspects; 1) Ecosystem production
mechanisms and dynamics, 2) Development process of local community and environmental governance, and 3)
Adaptive Technology and managements (Fig. 2). In order to elucidate these three aspects, we conduct theholistic field researches on the southeast Asian coastal areas in order to grasp the linkage between
nature and human, and we also conduct participatory action researches in collaboration with local
communities to verify the feasibility and acceptability of new concept and approach to local societies
in Rayong(Thailand), Panay Is. (Philippines) and Ishigaki Is., (Japan)(Fig. 3). We also conductreference surveys in Bandon bay (Thailand), Hue (Viet Nam), Mikawa bay(Japan)(Fig. 3). All data,
information and progresses of the action researches are compiled into the database and reports for
subsequent discussions. New concept and approach might be denied from existing academic disciplines as15
Research Projects

illogical and/or unscientific, however, without new concept that can be recognized by ordinal people
based on their ordinal sensuous and those can change human behaviours toward good interactions between
human and nature,global environmental problems would be never solved.

The concept of “Area-capability”will be concretized and the guideline of its approach will be compiled
based on the all experiences and achievements. And the guidelines will be informed and disseminatedthrough ASEAN-SEAFDEC mechanisms and International Symposiums.

Future tasks
FR3:
In the third year of full research, we continue the interdisciplinary field surveys and collaborative
action researches and analyses for collecting data and information of the linkage between human andnature.
Around Rayong beach in Thailand, we evaluate the negative impacts of oil spill accident onenvironment and livelihoods of local people. To do this,material flows and nutrient concentration along
the Rayong beach will be conducted. We collect water, soil and biological samples from the beach andanalyse them in RIHN. Biodiversity and food web survey will be performed based on the stable isotope
and genetic analyses using the biological samples. Livelihoods and fishery activity survey including
trading and marketing will be also conducted through interview and observation surveys of Set-net
fishermen group and other villagers using the questionnaire and GPS. Statistic data and information,
aerial photographs will be collected in recent 10 years for understanding the land use and demographic
changes. All data and information including the analytical results are compared with former data that
we had obtained in FR1 and 2. Besides, behaviour and minds changes of Set-net fishery group members
will be examined to identify the effects from community based activity on social capitals, interests ofenvironment,livelihoods, and management of natural resources.
Around Batan bay in Philippines, we investigate the extent of damage from super typhoon on ecosystem,
buildings, infrastructure, health and minds,sense of values, community and businesses.
We will collect water, soil, mangrove, and aquatic organisms’ samples around Batan Bay for nutrientsand pollution evaluation. We will conduct chemical and stable isotope analyses of them in RIHN. We willrecord the extent of damages on mangrove forests, paddy fields,buildings, infrastructure, fishinggears, aquaculture ponds around Batan Bayand we will evaluate the relationships between geographicalsituation and damages concerning with the typhoon path. And we conduct interview with local people toget some information of evacuation actions and assistance each other and from governments. We will

Research Projects

72 researchers from 17 universities and research institute (12 in Japan, 2 in Thailand, 2 inPhilippines, one regional research center “Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center: SEAFDEC”) areparticipating in this project. They have different expertise and academic backgrounds of oceanography,
biology, social science, agricultural sciences, civil engineering, economy, policy study, anthropology
and area study.

RIHN

The holistic researches comprise of five components; 1) Environmental survey, 2) Biodiversity survey,3) Coastal resources survey, 4) Utilization of resources survey and 5) Social survey (Fig.4). Ecosystemproduction mechanisms and dynamics with identification of the biological and ecological important areasand species for local ecosystem are examined based on the results of Environmental, Biological andCoastal resource surveys using statistical, chemical, stable isotope, and molecular analyses incollaboration with taxonomic study and acoustic survey. Development process of local community,
environmental governance and importance of the coastal resources for the local people are examinedbased on the results of utilization and social surveys carried out through interview/questionnaire
surveys and anthropologic surveys. In the social survey, we treat economic condition, time allocation,
food supply, education, health condition, participation to the community activities, indigenous
knowledge, religious importance, and information gathering situation. Three participatory action
researches are conducted; 1) Community-based set-net fishery installation in Rayong (Fig. 5),
2)Community-based re-stocking program in Batan bay in Panay Is. (Fig. 6), 3)Collaboration action among
fishery, ecotourism and education in Ishigaki Is.and Mikawa Bay (Fig. 7). In these areas,there are
local people’s groups which already collaborated with some of our members and several researches onnatural resources and livelihood have been conducted. All data and results of analyses were shared
among members and localgroups through workshops, seminar and meetings and database in internet.

16
RIHN Annual Report 2015

conduct stock evaluation of shrimp in the bay and conduct stock enhancement through community based
intermediate aquaculture with local community. We record the attitude, comments and behaviour theparticipants to the stock enhancement in order to identify the key factors of their collaborative
activity.
In Ishigaki Island, Japan, we will make underwater map and material flow analyses of the islandusing stable isotope analysis. And we evaluate the food web and population structure of fish around theisland to evaluate the linkage of materials between land and sea. These results will be informed to
local people through town seminar and other workshops,to facilitate the conservation activity andfuture develop planning of the town.
We will elucidate the population structure of fishery important fish in South China Sea using genetic
analysis to identify the management units of them, and grasp biodiversity of this area. In addition, we
try to improve acoustic survey system which can be used in shallow sea area and to disseminate thissystem for ASEAN countries through workshops and publication of manuals.

○ Progress and Results in 2015
Achievements of holistic surveys
1) Environmental survey:
To grasp environmental conditions, we measured temperature, Dissolved Oxygen, pH, chlorophyll a
Particulate organic matter (POM), Sedimentary organic matter(SOM), and nutrients (NO3, NH4), Acid
volatile sulphide (AVS), ignition loss, Phytoplankton and mangrove biomasses at Rayong and Bandon in
Thailand, Batan in Philippines, Mikawa in Japan during both rainy and dry seasons. Land use changes wereexamined by satellite image analyses have been conducted at Batan in Philippines and Bandon in
Thailand. Concentration of 52 micro elements of water and soil samples collected from Batan and Rayong,were measured by Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS), 7500cx (Agilent Technologies
Inc.)in RIHN. All results were put on the GIS to identify biological ecological important areas. Foodwebs and material cycles were evaluated using stable-isotope analyses at Rayong, Batan and Bandon
2) Biodiversity survey:
In Southeast Asia, biodiversity including the taxonomic knowledge of fishery species are still unclear.
So, we conducted taxonomic study through specimen collection making and genetic studies. We collectedfish specimen of 1811 individuals from Philippines, 538 individuals from Thailand, 268 individuals from
Malaysia.These specimens were recorded and donated into University of Philippine Visayas Museum andThailand National Science Museum. For standardization of specimen collection, we published “ Fish
Collection Building and Procedures Manual,English edition” and “Fishes of Northern Gulf of Thailand”.
Using collected fish specimen, we analysed genetic diversity and differences of 7 fishery important
species based on the mt DNA COI sequences analyses, and we identified the plural reproducible
populations of Atule mate,Megalaspis cordyla, Rastrelliger kanagurta, Gerresfilamentosus in Southeast
Asian Sea. For the more detailed genetic population identification, micro satellite DNA markers which
can be used for various fish species were established using Next generation DNA analysing machine.
Besides, species identification system based on the morphological features using photographs is now
under construction. It can be easily identify the fish species using photographs by ordinal persons andthis system will cultivate the interesting of biodiversity for ordinal persons.
3) Coastal resources survey:
To stock assessment of coastal fishery resources, new acoustic survey equipment and system weredeveloped. Using this new system, fish stock assessments in Rayong we recarried out. Then, these data
were used for the training course at Kasetsart University in Thailand for undergraduate students incollaboration with Southeast Fisheries Development Center.
The new buoyance control system of underwater robot was developed. And portable under water monitoring
robot was made. This underwater robot was used for underwater ruins surveys and educational workshops
for high school students in Ishigaki Is. in collaboration with Ishigaki city.
4) Utilization of resources survey
To understand the linkage between natural resources and livelihoods of coastal area, we conductedinterview and observation survey using GPS system to collect data about fishing gear, fishing areas andoperation, and target species, cost and benefit of 13 households in Rayong, 24 households in Batan. We

17
Research Projects

also collected weather conditions, and are analysing the impact of weather conditions on local
fishermen’s lives and their adaptations.
5) Social survey

1) Community-Based Set-Net Fishery in Rayong,Thailand:
Community-based Japanese-type Set-net fishery has been installed in Rayong. The community conduct
management and maintenance of fishing gears and their own fish shops. All data of operation, fish catch
and incomes have been recorded. Our project member input several technical supports for the management
and operations. The transformations of fish catch, price,markets, and behaviours of community members
and non-members who are living in Rayong were recorded.
2) Cooporative Stock Enahcement in Batan Bay,Philippines
Community-based stock enhancement of shrimpis conducting in Batan Bay. Intermediate shrimp aquaculture
and surveillance have been conducted local community. Project member provide technical supports foraquaculture and monitoring environments.
3) Collaboration between Eco-tourisim and Fisheriesdevelopment in Ishigaki-Mikawa , Japan
Town seminar was held in collaboration with Junior Chamber International Japan, Yaeyama branch. We
discussed how to harmonize conservation of coastal area and tourism development. And educational
workshops for high school students in Ishigaki Is. was held in collaboration with Ishigaki city.
Generalization and concept development
To facilitate interdisciplinary discussions and activities, data sharing system through internet wasestablished and the international seminar was held at Philippines in 2012 and at Thailand in 2013.To
identify the key factors of “ Area-capability ” , workshops were held in Japan,and five axes forevaluation of potentials of Area-capability, 1) Ecosystem health supported by biodiversity andbiomasses, 2) Knowledge and interests of peoples on ecosystems, 3) Governance situation, 4) Strength ofPeople’s network and community, 5) Contacts between human and nature, were identified,tentatively.

○Project Members◎ ISHIKAWA, Satoshi◎ WATANABE, Kazuo( Research Institute for Humanity and Nature,Professor,Coodination )( Research Institute for Humanity and Nature,Project SeniorResearcher,Coodination )○ ALTAMIRANO, Jon( Aquaculture department, Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center
Palmos(Philippines),Associate Scientist ((Associate Professor 相当）,Stock enhancement
group )○ ARIMOTO, Takafumi( The Graduate School of Marine Science and Technology, Tokyo University ofMarine Science and Technology,Professor,Set-net group )○ BABARAN, Ricardo P. ( College of Fisheries and Ocean Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas(Philippines),Professor,Biology group )○ EBATA, Keigo( Faculty of Fisheries, Kagoshima University,Associate Professor,Fishing geargroup )○ FERRER, Alice Joan ( Division of Social Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas(Philippines),Professor,Social group )○ KAEWNERN, Methee( Faculty of Fisheries , Kasetsart University （Thailand),Associate
Professor,Social group )○ KAWADA, Makito( Faculty of Art and Literature, Department of Cultural History, Seijo
University,Professor,Social group )○ KONO, Yasuyuki( Center for Southeast Asian Studies, Kyoto University,Chief,Social group )○ KUROKURA, Hisashi( Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University ofTokyo,Professor,Stock enhancement group )Research Projects

Achievementof action researches

RIHN

In order to clarify the relationship among social situation, cultural regulation, job opportunity,social capital, and management of natural resources, we conducted household interview survey to collectinformation of jobs, time allocation, communication, compliance, health condition, educational
background, community bonds etc. of 117 households in Rayong and 467 households in Batan. Besides,
economic systems including funding, transportation, price making systems and market access were
evaluated in both areas.

18
RIHN Annual Report 2015

○ MIYAMOTO, Yoshinori ( The Graduate School of Marine Science and Technology, Tokyo University ofMarine Science and Technology,Associate Professor,Acoustic group )○ MIYATA, Tsutomu( Research Center for Fisheries Economics & Business Administration , National
Research Institute of Fisheries Science,Group Leader,Social group )○ MUNPRASIT, Ratana( Central Marine Resource Development Center (Thailand),Director General,Set-net
group )
○ MUTO, Fumihito( Department of Fisheries, School of Marine Science and Technology, Tokai
University,Associate Professor,Biology group )○ TUNKIJJANUKIJ,( Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University （Thailand),Dean,Coodination )Suriyan○ YAMADA, Yoshihiko( Department of Maritime Civilizations, School of Marine Science and Technology,
Tokai University,Professor,Ishigaki Mikawa group )○ YOSHIKAWA, Takashi ( Department of Fisheries, School of Marine Science and Technology, Tokai
University,Associate Professor,Environment group )AKIMICHI, Motoya( Research Institute for Humanity and Nature,Emeritus Professor,Social group )AMORNPIYAKRIT,( Training Department, Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center
Taweekiet(Thailand),Researcher,Set-net group )ANASCO, Nathaniel C.( University of the Philippines Visayas (Philippines),AssistantProfessor,Environment group )ANONGPONYOSKUN,( Faculty of Fisheries , Kasetsart University （Thailand),AssistantMontonProfessor,Acoustic＆Setnet group )ANRAKU, Kazuhiko( Faculty of Fisheries, Kagoshima University,Associate Professor,Fishing geargroup )ARNUPAPBOON, Sukchai( Training Department, Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center(Thailand),Fishery Oceanographer,Biology & Environment group )BABA, Osamu( The Graduate School of Marine Science and Technology, Tokyo University ofMarine Science and Technology,Professor,Set-net group )BATICADOS, Didi
( Integrated Services for the Development of Aquaculture and Fisheries(ISDA),Research Consultant （Professor 相当）,Stock enhancement group )BOUTSON, Anukoron( Faculty of Fisheries , Kasetsart University （Thailand),AssistantProfessor,Fishing gear group )BYEOL, Jeong( Postgraduate School of Fisheries, Kagoshima University,Graduate Student（Master's course）,Biology group )CHIBA, Satoru( Center for Molecular Biodiversity Research, National Museum of Nature andScience,Special part-time Reseacher,Biology group )DOI, Wataru( School of Marine Science and Technology, Tokai University,Lecturer,Ishigaki
Mikawa group )EGUCHI, Keisuke( The Kagoshima university museum, Kagoshima University,The master's
course,Biology group )FERDINAND( University of the Philippines Visayas (Philippines),Assistant Professor,Biology
TRAIFALGAR, Rexgroup )FUSHIMI, Hiroshi( ICRAS Co. Ltd.,,CEO,Stock enhancement group )GAJE, Arnold C.
( College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas,Instructor
4,Biology group )HAMADA, Shingo( Faculty of Liberal Arts, Department of Life Planning, Osaka Shoin Women's
University,Lecturer,Coodination )HANAMORI, Kuniko( School of Marine Science and Technology, Tokai University,Instructor,Biology
group )HASHIGUCHI, Yasuyuki( Osaka Medical College,Assistant Professor,Biology group )HATA, Haruka( Postgraduate School of Fisheries, Kagoshima University,Graduate Student（Master's course）,Biology group )HIRASE, Syotaro( Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University ofTokyo,Assistant Professor,Biology group )HONJO, Mie( Center for Ecological Research, Kyoto University,Researcher,Biology group )HONMA, Saki
( Research Institute for Humanity and Nature,Project Research
Associate,Coodination )HORI, Mina
( Research and Education Faculty, Multidisciplinary Science Cluster, Kuroshio
Science Unit, Kochi Univetsity,Lecturer,Social group )HORIE, Taku
( Department of Marine Biology, School of Marine Science and Technology, Tokai
University,Lecturer,Ishigaki Mikawa group )ICHINOSAWA, Junpei ( Faculty of Liberal Arts, Miyagigakuin Women's University,Associate
Professor,Social group )19
Research Projects

IKEJIMA, Kou

RIHN
Research Projects( Faculty of Agriculture, Kochi Univetsity,Associate Professor,Environment
group )
ISARA, Chanrachkij ( Training Department, Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center(Thailand),Researcher,Fishing gear group )ISHIZAKI, Munechika ( Faculty of Fisheries, Kagoshima University,Associate Professor,Fishing geargroup )KAKIOKA, Ryou
( Division of Ecological Genetics, National Institute of Genetics,Project
researcher,Biology group )KAMIYAMA, Ryutaro( Research Center for Fisheries Economics and Business Administration, Naional
Research Institute of Fisheries Science, Fisheries Research Agency,Social group )KAN, Hironobu( Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Global Society, Kyushu
University,Professor,Ishigaki Mikawa group )KANZAKI, Mamoru( Graduate school of Agriculture, Kyoto University,Professor,Environment group )KATAGIRI, Chiaki( Division of Museum, Okinawa Prefectural Museum & Art Museum,Chief
Curator,Ishigaki Mikawa group )KATAYAMA, Eri( Animal Research Department, National Museum of Nature and Science,Associate
Researcher,Biology group )KAWABATA, Zenichirou( Research Institute for Humanity and Nature,Emeritus Professor,Environment
group )KAWASAKI, Ippei( Department of Maritime Civilizations, School of Marine Science and Technology,
Tokai University,Professor,Ishigaki Mikawa group )KHRUENIAM, Udom
( Eastern Marine Resource Development Center (Thailand),Senior Researcher,Set-net
group )KIMURA, Jun( School of Marine Science and Technology, Tokai University,Junior Associate
Professor,Social group )KIMURA, Nobuo( Faculty of Fisheries Sciences, Graduate school of Fisheries Sciences, Hokkaido
University,Professor、VIce-head of Graduate school of Fisheries Sciences,Socialgroup )KOBAYASHI, Takahiro ( Department of Environmental and Societal Affairs, School of Marine Science andTechnology, Tokai University,Lecturer,Social group )KOEDA, Kaita( The Kagoshima University Museum,Fellowship from Japan Society for Promotion of
Science,Biology group )KON, Kouetsu( Shimoda Marine Research Center, University of Tsukuba,AssistantProfessor,Environment group )KOTANI, Tomonari( Faculty of Fisheries, Kagoshima University,Associate Professor,Stockenhancement group )KOYAMA, Jiro
( Faculty of Fisheries, Kagoshima University,Professor,Environment group )LUADNAKROB, Pontipa ( Training Department, Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center(Thailand),Fishery oceanographer,Environment group )MABUCHI, Kouji( Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute, The University of Tokyo,AssistantProfessor,Biology group )MANAJIT, Nopporn( Training Department, Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center(Thailand),Scientist, COASTAL AND SMALL-SCALE FISHERIES MANAGEMENT DIVISION,Setnet group )MATSUI, Syouko( Division of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science , Kyoto
University,Fellowship from Japan Society for Promotion of Science,Biology group )MATSUNUMA, Mizuki( Faculty of Science, Kochi Univeristy,Fellowship from Japan Society for
Promotion of Science,Biology group )MATSUURA, Hiroyuki ( Department of Fisheries, School of Marine Science and Technology, Tokai
University,Associate Professor,Ishigaki Mikawa group )MEGURO, Masatoshi( The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Kagoshima
University,Graduate Student (Doctoral Course),Biology group )MONTECLARO, Harold ( University of the Philippines Visayas (Philippines),Professor,Fishing gearM.
group )MOTOMURA, Hiroyuki ( The Kagoshima University Museum, Kagoshima University,Professor,Biology group )MUNPRASIT, Aussanee ( Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center (Thailand),Adsistance Training
Department Chife/Technical,Set-net group )MURAMATSU, Shin
( Institute of Industrial Science, The University ofTokyo,Professor,Coodination )MUTO, Nozomu( School of Biological Sciences, Tokai University,Biology group )NAKAHARA, Naotomo( Department of Marine Policy and Culture, Tokyo University of Marine Science andTechnology,Associate Professor,Social group )20
RIHN Annual Report 2015

NAKANISHI, Yumiko( Cultural Properties Protection Administration, Osaka Prefectural Board of
Education,Vice-chief investigator,Ishigaki Mikawa group )NAKARET, Yasook( Training Department, Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center(Thailand),Fishing gear technologist,Fishing gear group )NAKAYAMA, Kouji( Graduate school of Agriculture, Kyoto University,Assistant Professor,Biology
group )NAPATA, Ruby
( College of Fisheries and Ocean Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas(Philippines),University Research Associate I(助手）,Fishing gear group )NIKI, Masato( School of Marine Science and Technology, Tokai University,Professor,Ishigaki
Mikawa group )NILLOS, Mae Grace( University of the Philippines Visayas (Philippines),Associate
GarezaProfessor,Environment group )NISHI, Makoto( Global Survivability Studies Unit, Kyoto University,Associate
Professor,Coodination )NISHI, Takaaki( Faculty of Fisheries, Kagoshima University,Associate Professor,Fishing geargroup )NISHIDA, Mutsumi( University of the Ryukyus,Trustee・Vice President,Biology group )NOHARA, Kenji( School of Marine Science and Technology, Tokai University,Lecturer,Biology
group )
OGAWA, Hisashi( Faculty of Social and Environmental Studies, Tokoha University,Lecturer,Socialgroup )
OGAWA, Yuuya( Graduate school of Agriculture, Kyoto University,Graduate Student （Master's
course）,Environment group )OGIWARA, Gouta( The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Kagoshima
University,Graduate Student (Doctoral Course),Biology group )OHISHI, Takanori( World Language and Society Education Center, Tokyo University of Foreign
Studies,Lecturer,Social group )OKAMOTO, Yuki
( Graduate School of Global Environmental Studies, Terrestrial Ecosystems
Management, Kyoto University,Program Assistant Professor,Environment group )ONO, Rintaro( School of Marine Science and Technology, Tokai University,Associate
Professor,Ishigaki Mikawa group )PAHILA, Ida( University of the Philippines Visayas (Philippines),Associate
Professor,Environment group )PHUTTHARAKSA,( Department of Fisheries, Eastern Marine Fisheries Research and Development
Kamolrat
Center (Rayong),Fishery Biologist, Senior Professional Level,Set-net group )PRACHYA ,( Faculty of Fisheries , Kasetsart University （Thailand),Lecturer,Biology
Musikasinthorn
group )PUNSRI, Rakkiet( Training Department, Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center(Thailand),Fishery oceanographer,Biology group )QUINITIO, Gerald( University of the Philippines Visayas (Philippines),Professor,Fishing geargroup )
RI, Ginki( Department of Environmental and Societal Affairs, School of Marine Science andTechnology, Tokai University,Associate Professor,Ishigaki Mikawa group )RUANGSIVAKUL,( Training Department, Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center
Sumitra(Thailand),Socio-economic Section Head,Social group )SAKAGAMI, Norimitsu ( Department of Navigation and Ocean Engineering, School of Marine Science andTechnology, Tokai University,Associate Professor,Ishigaki Mikawa group )SAKUMA, Kei( National Research Institute of Far Seas Fisheries, Fisheries Research
Agency,Project Research Associate,Biology group )SALAENOI, Jintana( Faculty of Fisheries , Kasetsart University （Thailand),AssistantProfessor,Environment group )SALAYO, Nerissa( Aquaculture department, Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center(Philippines),Associate Scientist,Stock enhancement group )SATO, Takahiro( Graduate School of Asian and African Area Studies, Kyoto University,Visiting
Associate Professor,Coodination )SATO, Takashi( Collection Center, National Museum of Nature and Science,Special part-time
Researcher,Biology group )SATO, Tetsu( Research Institute for Humanity and Nature,Professor,Social group )SEKI, Izumi( Department of Maritime Civilizations, School of Marine Science and Technology,
Tokai University,Professor,Ishigaki Mikawa group )SHIBUKAWA, Koichi( Curators Division, Museum of Natural and Environmental History,
Shizuoka,Associate Professor,Biology group )21
Research Projects○ Future Themes
FR4:
Regarding the community based set-net fishery impacts on environment and social development, we willcompiles the case study results as an installation manual books with good example of Rayong. We will
publish the evaluation manual of stock enhancements for harmonising between environments and ruraldevelopment based on the case study of Hamana Lake in Japan. And the technical guide book of the shrimp
stock enhancement will be also published in English.

Research Projects( Center for Southeast Asian Studies, Kyoto University,Professor,Social group )( Training Department, Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center(Thailand),Senior Researcher,Coodination )( Department of Fisheries, Eastern Marine Fisheries Research and Development
Center (Rayong),Fishery biologist,Set-net group )( Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center (Thailand),Social group )( Training Department, Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center(Thailand),Socio-economic scientist,Social group )S ＵＹＯ, Jee Grace ( Aquaculture department, Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center(Philippines),Researcher,Stock enhancement group )TABERNA, Hilario Jr.( University of the Philippines Visayas (Philippines),AssistantProfessor,Environment group )TAKAHASHI, Hiroshi ( National Fisheries University,Lecturer,Biology group )TAKAHASHI, Soyo
( 地 Okinawa University,Researcher,Social group )TAKEDA, Seiichi( The Graduate School of Marine Science and Technology, Tokyo University ofMarine Science and Technology,Professor,Fishing gear group )TAKESHIMA, Hirohiko ( Research Institute for Humanity and Nature,Specially Appointed AssistantProfessor,Biology group )TASHIRO, Satokuni( Postgraduate School of Fisheries, Kagoshima University,Graduate Student（Master's course）,Biology group )THEPAROONRAT,( Training Department, Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center
Yuttana(Thailand),Coastal and Small-scale Fisheries Management Division Head SeniorResearcher,Acoustic group )TIAYE, Rattana( Coastal and Small-scale Fisheries Management Division, Southeast Asian
Fisheries Development Center (Thailand),Fisheries Governance and Management
System Scientist,Social group )TIROL, Yasmin( College of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, Aklan State University,Associate
Professor II and Campus Director,Stock enhancement group )UCHIDA, Keiichi( The Graduate School of Marine Science and Technology, Tokyo University ofMarine Science and Technology,Assistant Professor,Acoustic＆Setnet group )UEHARA, Kazuyuki( School of Marine Science and Technology, Tokai Univerisity,Professor,Ishigaki
Mikawa group )WAKABAYASHI, Toshie ( National Fisheries University,Associate Professor,Biology group )WAKITA, Kazumi( Department of Maritime Civilizations, School of Marine Science and Technology,
Tokai University,Associate Professor,Stock enhancement group )WATANABE, Akashi( Department of Marine Bioscience, Faculty of Marine Science, Tokyo University ofMarine Science and Technology,Graduate Student （Master's course）,Fishing geargroup )WATANABE, Katsutoshi( Division of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science , Kyoto
University,Associate Professor,Biology group )WATANABE, Kazuya( Faculty of Agriculture, , Yamagata Univetsity,Associate Professor,Environment
group )YAGI, Nobuyuki( Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University ofTokyo,Associate Professor,Coodination )YASUMA, Hiroki( Faculty of Fisheries Sciences, Graduate school of Fisheries Sciences, Hokkaido
University,Associate Professor,Social group )YASUTOMI, Natsuko( Research Institute for Humanity and Nature,Assistant Professor,Coodination )YINGYUAD, Weerasak ( Training Department, Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center(Thailand),Researcher,Set-net group )YOSHIDA, Tomohiro( The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Kagoshima
University,Graduate Student (Doctoral Course),Biology group )YOSHIMURA, Mika
( Faculty of Fisheries Sciences, Graduate school of Fisheries Sciences, Hokkaido
University,Graduate Student (Doctoral Course),Social group )RIHN

SHIMIZU, Hiromu
SOMBOON ,Siriraksophon
SOMWANTHANA,
Narakorn
SORNKLIANG, Jariya
SUASI, Thanyalak

22
RIHN Annual Report 2015

We will record the processes and changes of the environment and social aspect around Batan Bay in
Philippines based on the field survey. And shrimp stock enhancement will be continued with themeasurement of stock status and livelihoods changes.
Key factors identification of potentials for good practices in which people care the environment andtheir livelihood improvements, will be discussed on the workshops based on the data and information
FR5:
Regarding the impacts of community based stock enhancement on environment and social development, we
will compiles the case study results as an installation manual books with good example of Batan Bay.
Key factors of high resilience against natural disaster will be identified based on the records anddata from Batan Bay area and the results will be published as a guide books for rural development. And
all data, information and results, we try to clarify the “Area-Capablity”and publish a book of What is
Area-capability, the concept and practices. And we will hold an international seminar of Areacapability as a new concept for evaluation of rural development with harmonizing conservation ofenvironment to disseminate this new concept and approach.

●Achievements○Papers【Original Articles】

・ ONO Rintaro, KATAGIRI Chiaki, KAN Hironobu, NAGAO Masayuki, YAMAMOTO Yuji, TAKEMURA Fumiaki,
SAKAGAMI Norimitsu 2016,02 Discovery of Iron Grapnel Anchors in Early Modern Ryukyu and Managementof Underwater Cultural Heritage in Okinawa, Japan. The International Journal of Nautical
Archaeology :1-17. DOI:10.1111/1095-9270.12145.(reviewed).
・ Chanakarn Sukudom, Methee Kaewnern, Idsariya Wudtisin, Takashi Yoshikawa, Yuki Okamoto, Kazuya
Watanabe, Satoshi Ishikawa and Jintana Salaenoi 2015 Organic contents and pH profiles of sediments
in cockle farm at Bandon Bay, Surat Thani Province. Khon Kaen Agricultural Journal 43(2) :265-276.
(Other) (reviewed).
○Research Presentations【Invited Lecture / Honoronary Lecture / Panelist】

・ ISHIKAWA Satoshi Area-capability study for sustainable development in Coastal zone. ICFAS 2016,
Navigating troubled waters: localizing pathways for a sustainable future, 2016,01,26-2016,01,28,
Iloilo city Philippines.

23
Research Projects

Stage: Full Research
Project No.: R-07
Abbreviated Title: Desertification in Afro-Eurasia
Project Leader: TANAKA Ueru

RIHN

Project Name: Desertification and Livelihood in Semi-Arid Afro-Eurasia

Research Axis: Resources
Key Words: Afro-Eurasia, Desertification, Poverty, Vulnerable people, Livelihood, Human-environment interrelations,
Practical techniques for desertification control, Socio-ecological adaptability, Development assistance○ Research Subject and Objectives
Research objectives
The objectives of this research are set as follows: 1) to deepen understanding of the social, culturaland ecological characteristics of targeted areas in semi-arid Afro-Eurasia as a premise to study ondesertification; 2) to design and verify some practical techniques or approaches effective fordesertification control in the context of rural development support; 3) to propose and implement sometechniques and approaches to desertification control and rural development, paying special attention tovulnerable people. Special focus is given to vulnerable people and areas left behind in the trend of
economic development and globalization.
Background
Desertification is one of the globally concerned problems/issues with complex phenomena related to landdegradation and poverty in sub-humid, semiarid and arid areas of Afro-Eurasia. In ratifying the United
Nations Convention to Combat Desertification (UNCCD) in 1994, the international community, including
Japan,signed its commitment to solve the problems. More than twenty years has past,so far, there havebeen many efforts made by international organization, local government and NGO. The problems, however,still remain unsolved and become more serious year by year (UNDP, 2003; Easterly, 2006; Tollefson and
Gilbert,2012).
Difficulties:Why desertification control have not been successfully achieved and even became worse? It
may be explained from the complexity in its causes, social and ecological condition, and diverse
livelihoods of local people closely linking with poverty (Mainguet, 1994). As defined in UNCCD (1994),
the causes of desertification are both climatic factors and human activities (Geist, 2005;Zdruli etal., 2010). Apart from the climatic factors, such as short and uneven distribution of rainfall, excess
and fluctuating rain, and wind (Geist, 2005;Boken et al. 2005), primary causes of desertification are
the daily activities to support people ’ s livelihood and basic needs for survival, such as
cropping,animal husbandry and gathering of fuel woods (Geist, 2005, O’Brien et al., 2010;Jana andMajumder, 2010). Difficulty of desertification control, it is to be carried out while maintaining thecauses, i.e. daily livelihood activities.
Focus:Pillar actions for implementation for desertification control in the documents of UNCCD(1994),
http://www.unccd.int/Lists/SiteDocumentLibrary/conventionText/conv-eng.pdf)are summarized into ‘policy
making ’, ‘ financial support ’ , ‘ scientific and technical knowledge ’, ‘ capacity building (forofficials)’, ‘education and training (for local people)’ and ‘extension of technology’. Among them,the most critical action should be ‘scientific and technical knowledge’, since it is directly reflectedto the contents of ‘capacity building’, ‘education and training’ and ‘extension of technology’.
Unfortunately, inadequate understanding about desertification is still remained, for example, an imageof desertification as an expansion of desert land due to aridification. This is related to theconfusion over “desertification vs desertization” (Kadomura etal., 1993). The framework of actions andimplementation measures have already been maintained at international and government level, however,those at regions and community level are weak, especially in semi-arid Africa (Fig. 1). The
project,therefore, puts major focus on the research to create realistic and practical ‘scientific andtechnical knowledge’ leading the actions at community level.

Research Projects

URL: http://www.kazehitotsuchi.com/

24
RIHN Annual Report 2015

Perception and contribution to global environmental problems
Desertification is one of the problems at global concern and, at the same time, the phenomena ofdesertification are the combinations of accumulated causes and consequences at local and human-scale
under complex socio-ecological environments. This means that solutions should be designed by the
combination of the actions at local and human-scale.
Common activities of the entire project
1. To deepen the understanding of social and ecological characteristics of some targeted areas of
Semi-Arid Afro-Eurasia as a premise to study on desertification
1-a. Identification of social and ecological characteristics of the targetedareas

1-b. Identification of causes and types of dominant desertification phenomena in relating with thechanges of local livelihood under demographic and economic pressure, climatic trend and intervention byoutsiders
1-c. Identification of mechanisms and processes of social and ecological adaptation being functioned
under environmental and demographic changes
1-d. Identification of common features and specificity in the social ecological characteristics ofthe target areas through comparative studies for seeking the possibility of horizontal technology
transfer
2. To design and verify some practical techniques/approaches effective for desertification control in
the context of rural development assistance
2-a. Re-examination of conventional techniques/approaches to desertification control and ruraldevelopment assistance
2-b. Collection ofdesertification control

indigenous

knowledge

andtechniques

and

its

modification

utilizedfor2-c. Identification of the requisites and possibilities of technology transfer within/between Africa
and Asia
2-d. Design and verification of some techniques/approaches effective for desertification control andimprovement of livelihood security
3. To propose and implement some techniques/approaches to desertification
development, with paying special attention to for vulnerable people

control

and

rural

3-a. Provision of verified practical techniques/approaches,knowledge and experiences, and plan of
implementation project(s) to relevant organizations
3-b. Dissemination of the study results through oral presentations(seminars, symposiums and workshops
for wide range of audiences), posters, academic papers, publications, and advisories○ Progress and Results in 2015
【General aspects of the project activities】
Project sites
Project research takes place in the Sahel of West Africa (Burkina Faso, Niger and Senegal), North
Africa (Algeria), Northeast Africa (Sudan), East Africa (Tanzania), Southern Africa (Namibia andZambia),South Asia (India) and East Asia (Mongolia and China), where ecological conditions and land
resources are degraded due to demographic pressure and uncertain social and economic conditions, andextreme weather.
Specific activities at each area
1. West Africa and Northeast Africa(so-called 'Sahel zone' of Africa)
1-a. Extension of some verified techniques of desertification control (Andropogon grass-band system,
fallow-band system, extension method incorporated with social-network survey) collaborating with local
NGO (Niger)
1-b. Monitoring of soil fertility maintenance and degradation process under different cultivation
practices in semi-arid condition (Niger)

25
Research Projects

1-c. Cross-border migration, social and ecological adaptation and process of community formation(Niger, Burkina Faso and Togo)
1-d. Mechanisms and process of innovation by local people (Burkina Faso)
1-f. Background and conditions around street children as a vulnerable existence (Burkina Faso)
1-g. Advisory for aid organizations to make implementation project(Burkina Faso, Senegal)

2. Southern Africa
2-a. Impact of transformation in local animal husbandry on peoples ’ livelihoods, communities,
vegetation and land resources (Namibia)
2-b. Monitoring of soil fertility maintenance and degradation process under different cultivation
practices in semi-arid condition (Namibia)
2-c. Changes of local livelihood activities and land use systems after compulsory trans-migration(Zambia)2-d. Local rules in utilizing land resources and ecosystems (Zambia)
3. South Asia
3-a. Data-base of indigenous tools, its manufacturing processes, and literature of traditionalfarming systems to seeking appropriate techniques useful for rural development assistance in semi-arid
Asia and Africa (India)
3-b. Co-existence of local livelihoods between the pastoralists and cultivators in highly populatedarea, Rajasthan and Tamil Nadu (India)
3-c. Seasonal movement of pastoralists and its contribution of soil fertility maintenance (India)
3-d. Preliminary survey to seek possibility technology transfer between India and Africa (India,
Senegal)4. East Asia
4-a. Requisites of resilience mechanisms in the pastoralists’ livelihood to reduce vulnerability
against natural disaster (Mongolia)
4-b. Indigenous knowledge/techniques of land resource management by pastoralists (Mongolia)
4-c. Preparation of a field experiment for re-appraisal of dry farming techniques described in
antique books (China)
5. Inter regional sites
We make comparative studies on 1) Adaptation strategies in agro-pastoral systems between high/low
population areas, tropical/temperate climate regions, and cultivation/pastoral system ” and 2)
Possibility of technology transfer, e.g. land use systems,restoration of degraded land, farming tools
and soil management practices in Africa and Asia.
Project activities and the framework of UNCCDUNCCD has already set the framework for action to address desertification. We focus on ‘scientificknowledge’ and ‘techniques’ which may be associated with some shortcomings in the framework. Manytechniques employed to control desertification to date, however scientifically sound and rational they
may be,unfortunately are often not matched to the needs and situations of local people if, for example,
they are too expensive or require too much time or labor. Some techniques are highly dependent onmaterials and machinery that may not be locally available. Our project modifies such shortcomings andadds more knowledge and techniques through the activities in Semi-arid Africa and Asia. In West Africa
the major focus of project work is on collaborating with local people in the innovation of practicaldesertification control techniques and extension methods, especially related to the livelihoods ofvulnerable people. In Southern Africa, basic studies are being developed to describe agroecosystems,local livelihood systems, and adaptation strategies under demographic pressure andenvironmental fluctuation. In South Asia, we have inventoried local knowledge (e.g. indigenous
knowledge, techniques and tools), in order to identify pastoral peoples’ adaptation strategies in highResearch Projects

1-h. Preliminary survey to identify possible area(s)/site(s) for the transfer of some verified
techniques (Senegal, Sudan)

RIHN

1-e. Influences of “Islam” in daily livelihood of urban and rural communities (Burkina Faso)

26
RIHN Annual Report 2015

population areas experiencing fluctuating social and agro-climatic conditions. In East Asia, we reappraise indigenous knowledge in the traditional upland farming systems. Comparative studies within
Africa and between Africa and Asia are also underway in order to evaluate the possibility of horizontal
technology transfer.
【Progress】
1. To deepen the understanding of targeted areas in semi-arid Afro-Eurasia
Researches in Africa: Basic information related to social, cultural and ecological characteristics ofthe targeted areas are were collected. The causes and background of desertification were also
identified. We paid special focus on resilience and adaptation strategies of local people and community
to cope with extreme weather, such as drought and flooding, and social changes, such as influx ofrefugees and intervention through rural development activities by local government and aidorganizations.
Livelihood systems, social relations and coping behaviours during the year of crisis were
documented in pastoralists’ community in Burkina Faso (Young scientist award/Katakura Motoko award,
Association of Arid Land Studies, Y. Ishimoto, 2014), inagro-pastoralists community in Niger (Youngscientist award, Society of Agricultural Systems, Y. Sasaki, 2013; Best presentation award, Society ofAgricultural Systems, Y. Komura et al., 2012), and in Namibia (Best poster award, Association for Arid
Land Studies, K. Teshirogi, 2012). Soil fertility mechanism and its management practices are identifiedin sandy soils under semi-arid condition in the Sahel (Best poster award, 20th World Congress of Soil
Science, H. Shinjo et al., 2014).
Situation of education and social support for children, including street children, in urban area of
Burkina Faso were reported and pointed out that the realities were far different from our general
understanding (Superior presentation award, African Educational Research Forum, T. Shimizu, 2013).
Finding of a time-lag in behaviours and decision-making of local people when received exotic techniquein the case of Burkina Faso was useful information to design rural development approach (Bestpresentation award, Society of Agricultural Systems, Y. Machi et al., 2014). We identified somerequisites of resilience in rural communities of semi-arid Zambia through the coping behaviours inflooding year (Poster award, World Water Week 2012, Umetsu et al., 2012) and in the use of mobilephones (Best poster award, Association for Arid Land Studies, Y. Ishimotoet al., 2013).
Researches in Asia: Indigenous knowledge and techniques, which give insights to identify the requisitesof social and ecological adaptation of livelihood systems in semi-arid condition, were collected inIndia. The results are under compiling as electric data-base and an illustration book. Two best poster
awards were respectively given to the studies on “situation of traditional animal-driven water well
(Association for Arid Land Studies, H. Endo et al,2014) ” and “ agrarian changes and livelihood
diversification (EMASS-2014, M. Jegadeesanet al., 2014) “.
Field experiment on “revival of traditional millet cultivation in semi-arid area” was conducted in
Shanxi Province, China. It revealed that the traditional techniques established in 6th century arestill inherited among local farmers. Toshare the research findings, we organized the Joint
International Workshop on“Learning the history of dry farming in China (Aug 20, 2015)” in RIHN, Kyoto.
Livelihoods systems and peoples ’ behaviour in cool arid environment are identified in the fieldresearch in Mongolia. A best poster award was given to “factors to decide resilience in pastoralists’livelihood found after natural disaster (Society for International Development Studies, H. Nakamura,2014)”.
2. To design and verify some practical techniques/approaches‘Fallow-band system’: Wind erosion is one of the causes of desertification/land degradation. Despite ofmany previous studies so far, situation of wind erosion was not successfully quantified. Bin the fieldstudies in Niger, we made an apparatus to measure wind erosion, revealed its processes, and innovated a
prototype technique for wind erosion control with adding a device to increase the motivation of local
people. The technique is called ‘fallow-band system’ to control wind erosion and concurrently to
improve crop yield (Fig. 4). These studies were highly evaluated with many academic awards (2012 SSPN
award, K. Ikazaki et al.,2012; Best poster award, Society of International Development, U. Tanaka andK. Ikazaki, 2013; Best presentation award, 20th World Congress of Soil Science, K. Ikazaki et al.,27
Research Projects

2014; Young Scientist award, Society of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, K. Ikazaki, 2014; Achievement
award for young scientists, Foundation of Agricultural Science of Japan, K. Ikazaki, 2014; Hitachiaward of excellence/Environment Ministers’ award, Tanaka et al,, 2014; Award of Excellence, Nikkei
award for global environmental techniques, Tanaka et al.,2015).

3. To disseminate the knowledge, experiences and techniques/approaches
The technique ‘fallow-band system’ was implemented in Niger through JICA Grassroots Project (http://
www.jica.go.jp/partner/kusanone/partner/niger_01.html)with the participation of 439 households in 75
villages, 23 districts and 5 regions at the ending in March, 2013. It was also trialled as a part of
JICA Project (CODEVAL) in Senegal. Ministry of Environment of Japan published a technical brochure‘Lifestyle and Measures against Desertification (2013, in English, French and Japanese)’ using ourresearch results. In Oct 2015, Geography Teachers' Association of Victoria, Australia, inquired apermission to introduce the technique in the high school textbook.

○Project Members◎ TANAKA Ueru
○ ISHIMOTO Yudai○ SHINJO Hitoshi○ IKAZAKI Kenta○ KOBAYASHI Hirohide○ NAKAMURA Hiroshi○ MIURA Rei-ichi○ UCHIDA Satoshi
ISHIKAWA Hirohiko
SAKURAI Takeshi○ MIYAZAKI Hidetoshi○ SASAKI Yuko
○ SHIMIZU Takao○ TESHIROGI Koki
○ ENDO Hitoshi
MIZUNO Kazuharu
OHYAMA Shuichi
SETO Shinichi
MIZOGUCHI Daisuke
ITO Miku
Nakao Seiji
KIRIKOSHI Hitomi
DEORA, K. P. SinghSEKIYA Yuichi
HIRATA Masahiro
OHJI Toshiaki
ARAKI Ryoichi( RIHN,Associate Professor,Project management, Agricultural Studies )( RIHN,Assistant Professor,Tottori UNiversity, Anthropology )( Kyoto University,Associate Professor,Soil Science )( Japan International Research Center for Agricultural Science,Researcher,Soil
Science )( Kyoto University,Associate Professor,Architecture )( Global Environmental Forum,Researcher,Social Economics )( Ryukoku University,Associate Professor,Tropical Ecosystems )( Japan International Research Center for Agricultural Science,Proncipal
Researcher,Remote Sensing )( Kyoto University,Professor,Climatorogy )( Tokyo University,Professor,Rural Economics )( RIHN,Researcher,Sub-leader, Boundary Agriculture )( RIHN,Researcher,Rural Sociology )( RIHN,Researcher,Anthropology )( RIHN,Researcher,Geography )( RIHN,Researcher,Archeology )( Kyoto University,Professor,Geography )( Kyoto University,Associate Professor,Area Studies )( Global Environmental Forum,Researcher,Rudal Development )( Waseda University,Researcher,Anthropology )( Nanzan University,Researcher,Anthropology )( Nanzan University,Researcher,Anthropoloty )( Kyoto University,Researcher,Geography )( Institute of Rajasthan Studies (India),Senior Researcher,Archeology )( Tokyo University,Associate Professor,Anthropology )( Obihiro Chikusan University,Associate Professor,Area Studies )( Honarery Professor,Geography )( Wakayama UNiversity,Associate Professor,Plant Nutrition )Research Projects

Improvement of agricultural extension method : Method to identify key human resources and vulnerable
people in community has been strongly sought in technology dissemination. We devised an improved
agricultural extension method incorporating some steps of ‘social network survey’ (Fig. 6, Fig. 7) andverified its applicability in Niger (Best poster award, Society for International Development Studies,
Y. Sasaki, 2013).

RIHN‘Contour-line of Andropogon’: We devised a practical technique which concurrently enables
reduction of soil erosion by water, encouragement of water-harvesting to soil, and increase ofhousehold income (Fig. 5). The technique is basically a revival one based on some indigenous practices
in Burkina Faso, such as Zai (planting pit) and Kukokse(line of grass), together with local people. It
is one of the examples of co-designing and co-working to innovate techniques.

28
RIHN Annual Report 2015

SUGIHARA Soh
DANGI Vivek
ISOKAWA Aki
KIHIRA Tomoe( Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology,Assocaite Professor,Soil
Environment )( All India Jat Heroes Memorial College (India),Senior Lecture,History )( RINH,Research Assistant,Project Management (Editing) )( RINH,Research Assistant,Project Management (General) )○ Future Themes
Sinceour project is entering its final year, we are accelerating the disseminationof our research
results through publications, and international and domesticworkshops. For social implementation, weare providing some of the practicaltechniques developed in the project to the ‘Great Green Wall for the
Sahara andthe Sahel Initiative’, an international desertification project initiated by theAfrican Unionand other entities. We are also preparing proposals which should behelpful in linking our academic
results to specific future socialimplementations.

●Achievements○Books【Authored/Co-authored】

・ISHIYAMA, Shun 2016,03 Environmental Anthropology of Sahelian Landlocked Country, Chad : Poverty,
Conflict and Desertification. Field Note Series, Desertification and Livelihood in Semi-Arid AfroEurasia Project, 5. Field Note Series, Desertification and Livelihood in Semi-Arid Afro-Eurasia
Project, RIHN, Kita-ku, Kyoto, 103pp. (in Japanese)
・Ibrahim Kalil Mangane・NAKAO Seji 2016,03 A propos des 50 ans qui vont de la Fondation de la Section
Voltaïque de l'Union Culturelle Musulmane à la Communauté Musulmane, Burkina Faso (Bobo-Dioulasso,
1962-2012). Field Note Series, Desertification and Livelihood in Semi-Arid Afro-Eurasia Project, 4.
Field Note Series, Desertification and Livelihood in Semi-Arid Afro-Eurasia Project, RIHN, Kita-ku,
Kyoto, 184pp.
【Chapters/Sections】

・ISHIYAMA, Shun 2016,03 Energy Issues from a rural Perspective. Human resources and Engineering in the
Post-oil Era, A Search for Viable Future Societies in Japan and Oil-rich Countries of the Middle
East. NAWATA. Hiroshi . Shokadoh Book Sellers, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto, pp.89-99.
○Papers【Original Articles】

・Ho Trung Thong, Nguyen Van Chao and Tanaka Ueru 2016,01 Effects of supplimentations of biocharcoal
and wood vinegar in the diets on emissions of ammonia and hydrogen sulfide from pig manure. ofAnimal Husbandry Sciences and Technics 203(2/2016) :66-72. (Other) (reviewed).(in Vietnamese withEnglish abstract).
・Minh, V. T., Mizuno, K., Funakawa, S., Shinjo, H., Tanaka, U., and An., L. V. 2015,12 Introduction ofvanilla in mountainous villages of central Vietnam. Tropical Agriculture and Development 59(4) :199-206.(reviewed).
・Shamik CHAKRABORTY, YASUDA Hiroshi, Abhik CHAKRABORTY, NABETA Hajime, KAWAI Takayuki, ISHIYAMA Shun2015,09 The Nile and Recent Changes in Its Basin Environment. Journal of Resources 6(5) :345-352.
(in Japanese) (reviewed).
・Minh, V. T., Mizuno, K., Funakawa, S., Shinjo, H., Tanaka, U., and An., L. V. 2015,09 Home garden
practices and crop contribution to livelihood in mountainous villages of central Vietnam. Tropical
Agriculture and Development 59(3) :118-126.(reviewed).
【Review Articles】

・SHIMIZU Takao 2015,10 What we have to do with the ’Knowledge’ in Africa. Global Net (299) :12-13.
(in Japanese) Global Envirnment Forum.

29
Research Projects

・ Kenta Ikazaki 2015,06 Desertification and a New Countermeasure in the Sahel, West Africa. Soil
Science and Plant Nutrition 61 :372-383.(reviewed).
・SHIMIZU Takao 2015,04 Considerring “Child Studies in Africa” from study of street children. Child
Science (11) :56.Japanese Society of Child Science.

【Oral Presentation】

・Chieko UMETSU, Takeshi SAKURAI, Taro YAMAUCHI, Hidetoshi MIYAZAKI, Moses MUWALE Building Resilienceof Rural Areas in Semi-arid Tropics Against Climatic Variability. The 5th Lusaka Resilience
Workshop, "Climate Change, Agricultural Production and Nutrition: Towards Integrated Policy Design
for Food Security", 2016,02,08, Lusaka, Zambia.
.
・ Hidetoshi MIYAZAKI, Yudai ISHIMOTO, Ueru TANAKA, Chieko UMETSU Enhanced Food Security throughFamiliar Crops: A Case of Sweet Potato and Millet in Southern Zambia. The 5th Lusaka Resilience
Workshop, "Climate Change, Agricultural Production and Nutrition: Towards Integrated Policy Design
for Food Security", 2016,02,08, .
・SHIMIZU Takao ‘Local knowledge’ and ‘Appropriate technology’ on the battle against water erosionin West Africa”. Adaptation to Social-Ecological Change in Semi-Arid Regions of Africa and Asia,
2016,01,15, Hokkaido. (in Japanese) Rakuno Gakuen University Intra-University Research Project,
Desertification and Livelihood in Semi-Arid Afro-Eurasia of RIHN and Commission of Arid Land Nature
and Culture Studies, Hokkaido.
・SHIMIZU Takao Why does his knee had to be broken? -the case of state redress lawsuit court by
Nigerian Immigrant- . International Workshop, Beyond the "North-South": New terreitorialities
between Africa and Asia, 2015,12,02-2015,12,03, EHESS, France, Paris..
・SHIMIZU Takao Tradition and transformation of the house and family: From the case of Kassena, Burkina
Faso. the 233rd conference of Chubu-Jinruigaku Danwakai, Maruhachi-Jinruigaku Kenkyukai and RIHN,
2015,11,28, Nagoya, Aichi .
・SHIMIZU Takao Local knowledge and livelihood concerning to water erosion in West Africa semi-aridarea. Commission of Arid Land Nature and Culture Studies (CALNACS), The Japanese Association for
Arid Land Studies (JAALS), 2015,11,15, Tokyo Metropolitan University Akihabara Satellite Campus,
Tokyo.
・ Kenta Ikazaki Practical technique for desertification control affordable by local people. Joint
Seminar on "What we learnt from the interrelations between livelihood and ecological environment inarid and semi-arid Africa", 2015,10,16, IMAF, Paris (France).
・SHIMIZU Takao Why his knee was broken?- Exposing the discrimination against an African resident inJapan. Asian Studies in Africa: Challenges and Prospects of a New Axis of Intellectual Interaction.,
2015,09,24-2015,09,26, Ghana University, Accra, Ghana..
・Hidetoshi MIYAZAKI, KP Singh, Yuta UCHIYAMA, Hitoshi ENDO, Yudai ISHIMOTO, Ueru TANAKA Livelihoods
change of pastoral community in arid land of Northwest India. IUAES2015, 2015,07,15-2015,07,17,
Bangkok, Thailand.
・SHIMIZU Takao Children ‘non-schooling’ in Islam area of West Africa: religious practices and criteria
of West African Islam. International development seminar series , 2015,07,08, Osaka University,
Suita, Osaka.
・MUNIANDI JEGADEESAN, Hidetoshi Miyazaki and Ueru Tanaka Agrarian change and livelihood dynamics amongsmall farmers in Tamil Nadu. International seminar organised by "Contemporary Indian Area Studies,
2015,07,05, ASAFAS, Kyoto university, Kyoto, Japan.
・MuniandiJegadeesan、Hidetoshi MIYAZAKI Constructing livelihood through migration: Indian Diaspora in
United Arab Emirates. The Japanese Assosiation for Arid Land Studies, 2015,05,23-2015,05,24, Akita,Japan.

Research Projects

・SHIMIZU Takao Lesmobilité saisonelle d’enfant de la rue à Ouagadougou, Le resultat de recherche
statistique. nternational Workshop ‘Des vies d’enfant en Afrique’, 2016,03,15, Saint-Louis, Sénégal.

RIHN○Research Presentations

30
RIHN Annual Report 2015

・ SHIMIZU Takao Seasonal mobility of street children in Burkina Faso: comparative study of two
statistic research. The 52nd Japanese Society of African Studied, 2015,05,23-2015,05,24, “Floide”
Center of tourism of Inuyama Inuyama, Aichi.
・SHIMIZU Takao Perspective of study of “Franco-Arab” in Islam area of West Africa. 15th Africa
Educational Research Forum, 2015,04,10, Hiroshima University, Higashi Hiroshima, Hiroshima.
・Muniandi Jegadeesan and Hidetoshi Miyazaki Knitted together: Life of Migrants in Tiruppur Garment
Cluster. International Research Workshop on Transformation of Traditional Wisdom and Agrarian
Diversification, 2015,04,04, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Madurai, INDIA.
・Hidetoshi MIYAZAKI, KP Singh, H. ENDO, Y. ISHIMOTO and U. TANAKA Relationships between pastoralist
and small- scale farmer. -Case study of Rajasthan, India-. International Research Workshop on
Transformation of Traditional Wisdom and Agrarian Diversification, 2015,04,04, Tamil Nadu
Agricultural University, Madurai, INDIA.
【Poster Presentation】

・Hidetoshi MIYAZAKI, Yudai ISHIMOTO, Shinichi SETO and Ueru TANAKA Toward effective soil fertility
management in the West African Sahel. DesertlandII The 2015 Conference on Desertification and Land
Degradation, 2015,06,16-2016,06,17, Ghent, Belgium.
・ISHIYAMA, Shun, ISHIMOTO, Y., INAI H., KADOMURA H., SAKAI, M., JEGADEESAN, M Livelihood Strategies
under the Extreme Weather in African-Asian Drylands, Toward Inter Reagional Comparison. 26th
Conference of the Japanese Association of Arid land Studies, 2015,05,23-2015,05,24, Akita City,
Akita Prefecture. (in Japanese)
・ISHIYAMA, Shun Southward Migration of Kanemubu People in Lake Chad Area. 26th conference of theJapanese Association for Arid Land Studies, 2015,05,23-2015,05,24, Akita City, Akita Prefecture. (inJapanese)31
Research Projects

Stage: Full Research
Project No.: E-05-Init

Abbreviated Title: ILEK project
Project Leader: SATO Tetsu
URL: http://ilekcrp.org/
Key Words: knowledge production, adaptive governance, residential research, multi-scale translator,meta-analysis○ Research Subject and Objectives
Research purpose:
Diverse ecosystem services should be managed as commons by collaboration of various stakeholders withdifferent values and interests. This project focuses on the formation and circulation of a novel
concept of local knowledge (Integrated Local Environmental Knowledge, ILEK) blending scientific andlocal daily-life knowledge productions. Diverse ecosystem services should be managed on the basis ofcollective knowledge base such as ILEK. We examine mechanisms to facilitate production and circulationof ILEK to understand ILEK-based adaptive governance mechanisms for creation and sustainable governanceof such commons. This initiative-based project conducts meta-analysis and integrates a wide range ofresults of RIHN projects and locally accumulated knowledge through daily practices of stakeholders invarious areas of the world, to understand formation mechanisms of ILEK and drivers of adaptive
governance using ILEK as a knowledge base. Residential researchers living in local communities play
important roles to produce ILEK essential for adaptive governance. Bilateral translators of knowledge
promote circulation of ILEK among different stakeholders. The project invites these important actors inlocal communities to provide viewpoints of ‘knowledge users’ to elucidate production and circulation
mechanisms of ILEK for sustainable adaptive governance of local commons. Analyses of circulation ofknowledge across multiple scales by cross-level knowledge translators clarify cross-scale governancefor solutions of global environment problems.
Background of research:
Bottom-up approaches driven by divers stakeholders of local communities are essential to solve diverse
global environment problems including worldwide degradation of ecosystem services which comes up to thesurface on the basis of locally specific problem structures. Scientific as well as various types of
local knowledge systems are required for the stakeholders to effectively manage ecosystem services.
Studies have been accumulated to describe characteristics and structures of these knowledge bases, but
design-oriented analyses of production and circulation mechanisms of knowledge to contribute toadaptive governance of ecosystem services have not been conducted in detail. This research focuses on
the roles and functions of residential researchers and bilateral knowledge translators as important
actors to provide knowledge basis for decision makings and actions by local stakeholders, andproduction and circulation of the Integrated Local Environmental Knowledge (ILEK), a transdisciplinary
blend of science and various types of local knowledge, to understand mechanisms to facilitate
collaboration of diverse actors to achieve adaptive governance of local communities to design
sustainable future.
Contribution to solutions of global environmental problems:This research contributes to bottom-up solutions of diverse global environmental problems by clarifying
adaptive governance systems of ecosystem services supported by production and circulation of theIntegrated Local Environmental Knowledge (ILEK). It aims to clarify theory and approaches of solutionsof global environmental problems from the viewpoints of knowledge users (stakeholders) to establish
adaptive governance systems of diverse ecosystem services by effectively integrating scientificknowledge and various types of local knowledge deeply embedded in everyday life. These results will

Research Projects

Research Axis: Ecosophy program/OICOS initiative

RIHN

Project Name: Creation and Sustainable Governance of New Commons through Formation of Integrated Local Environmental
Knowledge

32
RIHN Annual Report 2015

contribute to formation of future visions of “science in/with society” and “society making full use ofscience” to support bottom-up solutions of diverse global environmental problems.

○ Progress and Results in 2015
Research plan:This project effectively inherits research outcomes of cognitive sciences from previous RIHN projects
and integrates them with various cases of issue-driven and solution-oriented science approaches fromthe world, which involve collaborative interactions between scientists and stakeholders to produce andutilize ILEK for creation and sustainable management of local commons. The project aims to elucidate
pathways to promote science in/with society as well as to design social systems to make full use ofscience for solutions of diverse global environmental problems. The project analyzes scientificprocesses and outcomes of various cases of solution-oriented knowledge productions by residential andother types of researches including RIHN projects from the viewpoints of knowledge users, based on the
hypothesis that the multiple roles and functions of important actors to produce and circulate ILEK
support the adaptive governance of local communities for sustainable futures. We have established thepreliminary conceptual models of ILEK-based adaptive governance based on the framing of local
stakeholders and potential responses of stakeholder networks. In 2014, we aimed to elaborate these
theoretical frames from meta-analysis of case studies and modeling to produce verifiable hypothesis fordesigning action-based verification processes. We also conducted analysis of roles and functions ofbilateral knowledge translators in the contexts of cross-scale collaboration mediated by knowledge flow
across multiple scale levels from local to global. Through the previous research, we recognized that
local communities are almost always interacting with external actors and institutions including global
and regional ones. Cross-scale translators are an important component of stakeholder networks in each
local community. This observation led us to incorporate cross-scale analysis into each case study, andto avoid analyzing cross-scale governance independently in a separate research group. Action-based
verification processes have started from FR3 in selected case study sites to incorporate cross-scaleelements as much as possible. With the approaches integrating empirical studies, Action-based
verification processes and theoretical analysis, the project aims to elucidate the way forwards toward
solution of global environmental problems.
Research methods:
This initiative based project employs a unique transdisciplinary approach incorporating feedback loops
connecting local empirical analyses and abstract theoretical levels. At the local empirical level, we
identified 61 case study sites based on the presence of dedicated residential researchers ortranslators among project members closely collaborating with diverse stakeholders in each case study
site. Fifteen sites of action-based verification have been extracted among the case study sites.
Organizations and people working as a bilateral translator connecting multiple scales from global tolocal levels are reviewed for their knowledge production and translation, and cases of such cross-levelknowledge translators are identified for cross-scale analysis. Project member scientists conduct codesign, co-production and co-delivery processes of transdisciplinary research through dailyinteractions with local leaders, decision makers, cross-level translators and other stakeholders. These
localized research results are integrated by meta-analysis using semi-structured interviews, text
analysis, GIS-based cluster analysis and conceptual as well as mathematical modeling to identify
important drivers of adaptive governance. The scientists and stakeholders at the local level researches
will be involved at the meta-level theoretical analysis through the deliberative stakeholder workshops
planned in FR3 and 4. The workshop is designed to critically review and discuss the outcomes oftheoretical meta-analysis to give feedback from the local perspectives to both theoreticians andempirical researches. These feedback at the workshop will be immediately brought back to local levelresearch and actions by participating scientists and stakeholders deeply embedded to each case study
sites. This two-tier structure of transdisciplinary approaches will enable the scientists andstakeholders to achieve close collaboration and mutual learning throughout the entire research
processes to produce acceptable and applicable way forwards for designing sustainable societies at
local as well as global scale levels.
Research organizations:

33
Research Projectsa) ILEK Triangle model
While collaborative research and actions were continued in each case study sites, preliminary analysis
were conducted regarding knowledge production, circulation and utilization for local decision making
and actions in 11 cases of RIHN research project to construct a conceptual model of ILEK-based local
adaptive governance for meta-analysis and integration of case studies and cross-scale analysis. The
model, named “ILEK Triangle”, is composed of interactive system of three important elements of ILEKbased adaptive governance (knowledge production, decision making and action at individual or small
group level, and formal/informal institutional changes), driven by knowledge producers, knowledge users
and translators. In this ILEK Triangle, ILEK productions were hypothesized to lead to dynamic changes
of institutions toward sustainability through two different pathways: first, through changes ofindividual decision makings and actions resulting in adaptive changes of social systems, and second,through direct effects upon formal and informal institutions and collective knowledge systems in thecommunity. In order to identify important drivers to mobilize this system, detailed analyses ofinterview records of RIHN project leaders were conducted. A set of hypothetical drivers were identified
by these analyses, which were classified into five categories (below).
1. create and visualize values
Produced knowledge creates or visualizes new shareable values in local communities to mobilize
collaborative actions.
2. create new linkages (local and cross-scale)
Produced knowledge creates new linkages among actors within and outside the community, including actors
addressing broader issues.
3. provide options and opportunities
Produced knowledge expand options and opportunities for sustainable actions among stakeholders andmediates changes in environmental perception.
4.

create collective actions

Produced knowledge creates collective actions, transforming existing local institutions or creating new
ones.
5.

appropriate translation

Research Projects

Research outcomes of the year 2014:

RIHN

The research organization has been composed of Case Study, Social Experiment, Multi-scale Analysis,
Theory and Modeling, and Managing groups together with thematic task forces (TFs) cross-cutting the
research groups. The Case Study group with three working teams (East Asia: EU & North America:
Developing Countries) conducts field research of diverse knowledge systems produced by RIHN projects
and other researches in different localities of the world. We design and conduct action-based
verification of hypothesis focusing on ILEK-based adaptive governance mechanisms to clarify drivers ofadaptive societal changes. A part of Case Study group has been re-organized into Action-based
Verification group in FR3. We also make a quest of mechanisms to facilitate cross-scale actions for
global environment problems, by analyzing roles of bilateral translators across global, regional andlocal scales. Multi-scale Analysis group consisted of Top Down and Bottom Up teams was merged into
Action-based Verification group to work together with other groups to elucidate dynamic translation andcirculation of knowledge across different scale levels to facilitate cross-scale adaptive governance.
Theory and Modeling group works together with other groups to conduct meta-analysis of the case studies
to establish and elaborate parameters for modeling. The results are fed back to other groups to refine
research strategies. In order to facilitate interactions among diverse project members with different
academic background, the cross-cutting Task Forces (TFs) are organized at different levels of analyses,
including
Ethicsof
Design-oriented
Science,
ILEK
Simulator,
Environmental
Governance,
Transdisciplinarity, Residential Research, Sato-umi Fisheries Resource Management, Biosphare Reserves,
and Resource Management Certification TFs. The Managing group coordinate diverse research activities ofthese groups and TFs, develop and improve basic concepts and strategies, and integrate research resultsfor design of sustainable societies. Comprehensive understanding of adaptive governance mechanisms ofcommons is expected to be achieved with this integrative research design.

34
RIHN Annual Report 2015

Knowledge translators (individual or organizational) mediate changes in individual actions or formal
and informal social systems by appropriate selection, modification and reconstruction of knowledge.
b) Preliminary results of discourse analysis
We developed detailed interview protocol based on ILEK Triangle in March 2013 to extract perceptions ofscientists and stakeholders collaborating in ILEK productions and community actions in case study sites
with regard to important drivers of ILEK-based adaptive governance. More concise and user friendly
self-evaluation questionnaire was also developed in 2013 by improving the interview protocol. Interview
Specialists Group (ISG) was established and has accumulated interview records, including translators,
knowledge producers, and 8 knowledge users. The interviewees commonly shared importance ofopportunities to expand human networks by collaborative actions supported by ILEK, which were largely
dependent on attributions of knowledge producers and translators, as well as knowledge itself. The
analysis of participatory observations by Case Study and Action-based Verification group clarified thatnew values were created and visualized through the collaborative interactions, and options andopportunities also expanded as a result of collaboration. Various types of actions created by knowledge
production and circulation effectively mobilized local institutions, thereby promoting decision making
and actions. Translators played significant roles in collaborative networking by bridging gaps inknowledge hierarchy and providing legitimacy for different stakeholders to collaborate. Thishypothetical drivers of knowledge-based adaptive governance should be verified in the remaining project
periods by both empirical studies and theoretical modeling.
c) Progress in text analysis and theoretical modeling
Methods of computer-assisted text analysis based on the ILEK database launched have been developed to
conduct quantitative and qualitative analyses of discourses of scientists, translators and stakeholders
accumulated in the project research. Semantic network analysis methodologies have been developed to
extract major concepts delivered in the narratives of various actors, and the changes of message
structures according to time axes. We aim to improve this technique to provide data sets formathematical modeling of dynamic changes of knowledge circulation networks in the adaptive governanceprocesses.
Approaches of mathematical modeling of ILEK-based adaptive governance have been improved in the processof intensive interactions between theoreticians, empirical scientists and stakeholders. Particularly
promising approaches include communication dynamics models analogous to evolutionary dynamics ofknowledge as a meme, complex network models including asymmetric simple exclusion processes (ASEP)
focusing on functions of bilateral translators in knowledge circulation networks (≈social network), andgame theoretic models of exclusion mechanisms of free-riders in adaptive governance processes.
d) Academic and societal outputs
The basic concepts of the project including ILEK, residential researchers and bilateral knowledgetranslators, as well as methodological framework of the project were summarized and published in a bookchapter in English ( Sato, T, 2014, "Integrated Local Environmental Knowledge Supporting Adaptive
Governance of Local Communities ” , Alvares, C. ed, Multicultural Knowledge and the University,
Multiversity India, Mapusa, India, pp.268-273.). We organized the first ILEK project international
symposium in September 2014 entitled "Knowledge Translation:Bridging Gaps between Science and Society",
and an international symposium co-organized by University of Saskatchewan and Kyoto Model Forest
Association titled "International Symposium on Community-based Management of Forest Resources:
Perspectives on culture, learning and adaptation in Canada and Japan" in March 2015. The Resource
Management Certification TF organised a symposium on "Producing Intangible Values of Agriculture andFisheries Products: Local certification and trust formation mechanisms" in February 2015. In order toshare general research outcomes of the project with various stakeholders to receive their input to theresearch processes, we had a deliberative workshop inviting 45 local stakeholders including residential
as well as visiting researchers in January 2015.

35
Research Projects○Project Members◎ SATO, Tetsu( Research Institute for Humanity and Nature,Professor,Local Science forEnvironment and Sustainability Team leader of Developing country team：Case study
group )

Case Studies Group / East Asia TeamAKAISHI, Daisuke( Suzu City Hall,Research Fellow for Society Co-existing with Nature,Satoyama
Management )IGARASHI, Tsubasa( Social Innovation Course, Doshisha University Graduate School of Policy andManagement,Masters Course Student,Satoyama Management )KAMATANI, Kaoru( Kobe Women's University,part-time lecturer,History )KIMURA, Motoko( One of Tsushima Rangers in charge of conservation of biologicaldiversity,Research fellow,Residential Research )KORIYAMA, Shiho( Graduate School of Letters, Kobe Women's University,Research Worker,Modern
Japanese History )TAKAHASHI, Toshimori( Satoyama Science Research Center, Faculty of Agriculture, Utsunomiya
University,Special-appointed Associate Professor,Satoyama Management )TERABAYASHI, Akira ( Norinchukin Research Institute,Research fellow,Environmental Sociology )○ NIITSUMA, Hiroaki( Council of Energy In My Yard, Japan(EIMY), Tohoku University,Director,Renewable
Energy )Research Projects( Research Institute for Humanity and Nature,Associate professor,Residential
Research, Team leader of East Asia team of Case study group, and Residential
Research TF )○ KAKUMA, Shinichirou ( Extention Office for Fishery, Okinawa Prefectural Government,Chief
Officer,Fisheries Resource Management, Team leader of Bottom up team of Multiscale analysis group and Sato-umi TF )○ SAKAI, Akiko( Graduate School of Environment and Information Science, Yokohama National
University Vice-chairperson and in charge of administration office, Japanese
Coordinating Committee for MAB,Associate professor,Protected Area Management,
Team leader of Top down team of Multi-scale analysis group )○ SHIMIZU, Mayuko( Faculty of Policy Science Ryukoku University,Lecturer,Environmental Sociology )○ TAKEMURA, Shion( Research Institute for Humanity and Nature,Project Researchers,LandscapeEcology )○ TOKITA, Kei( Graduate School of Information Science Nagoya University,Professor,Statistical
Physics, Team leader of Theory and modeling group )○ NAKAGAWA, Chigusa( Research Institute for Humanity and Nature,Project Researchers,Environmental
Sociology )○ MAKINO, Mitsutaku( National Research Institute of Fisheries Science, Fisheries Research
Agency,Group Leader,Resource Management )○ MATSUDA, Hiroyuki( Graduate School of Environment and Information Sciences, Yokohama National
University,Professor,Resource Management, Team leader of Europe/North America
team of Case study group )○ MIYAUCHI, Tsisuke( Hokkaido University Graduate School of Letters,Professor,Environmental
Sociology, Team leader of Environmental governance TF )○ YANAKA, Shigeru( Faculty of Regional Sciences, Tottori University,Associate professor,Rural
Sociology )○ YAMAKOSHI, Gen( Graduate School of Asian and African Area Studies, Kyoto University,Associate
professor,African Studies )○ YUMOTO, Takakazu( Primate Research Institute, Kyoto University,Professor,Ecology )ALEXANDRIDIS,( Univ. of the Virgin Islands （US Virgin Islands),Associate professor,Network
Konstantinos
Theory )ARICO, Salvatore( UNESCO Biodiversity Initiative (France),Director,Biodiversity Policy )CHABAY, Ilan
( Institute for Advanced Sustainability Studies, Potsdam(Germany),Professor,Sustainability Science )○ CROSBY, Michael P( Mote Marine Laboratory (USA),President,Coastal Management )GUTSCHER, Heinz( University of Zurich (Switzerland),Professor,Social Psychology )THAMAN, Randolph( The University of the South Pacific (Fiji),Professor,Coastal Management )RIHN

Management Group◎ KIKUCHI, Naoki

36
RIHN Annual Report 2015

HATTORI, Shiho( Faculty of International Studies, Tenri University,Lecturer,Cultural
Anthropology )○ HOSHI（TOMITA）,Sho ( Council of Energy in My Yard, Japan(EIMY) , EIMY Yumoto Regional
Conference,Senior Researcher,Residential Research )MASUDA, Yasushi( Shiretoko Nature Foundation,Director general,Residential Research )MITSUHASHI, Hiromune( Institute of Natural and Environmental Science, University of Hyogo, Lecturer
for the Museum of Nature and Human Activities, Hyogo,Lecturer,Residential
Research )Case Study Group / Europe-North America Team
ONISHI, Hideyuki( Department of Social System Studies, Faculty of Contemporary Social Studies,
Doshisha Women’s College of Liberal Arts,Associate professor,Cultural
Anthropology )○ KUME, Takashi( Faculty of Agriculture, Ehime University,Associate professor,Soil Hydrology )SAKURAI, Ryo( Graduate School of Environment and Information Sciences, Yokohama National
University,Research fellow,Wildlife Management )TSUCHIYA, Toshiyuki ( Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture andTechnology,Professor,Nature Reserve Management )FUKUNAGA, Mayumi( Research Organization for the21st Century, Osaka Prefecture
University,Associate professor,Environmental Ethics )MIURA, Shizue( The Japan-Turkey Society,Member,Local Knowledge Studies )AKCA, Erhan( Adiyaman University (Turkey),Professor,Agricultural Ecosystem )BOZAKLI, Hikmet( Agricultural Chamber of Karapinar (Turkey),President,Agricultural Ecosystem )MACHO, Gonzalo( University of Vigo (Spain),Research Fellow,Fisheries Resource Management )RAGSTER, LaVerne E. ( Univ. of the Virgin Islands （US Virgin Islands),Professor emeritus,Coastal
Management )WEBB, William( Univ. of the Virgin Islands （US Virgin Islands),Ddoctoral course,Network
Alexander
Theory )Case Study Group / Developing Countries TeamONUMA, Ayumi( Faculty of Economics, Keio University,Professor,Environmental Economics )○ KAMIMURA, Masahito ( Director of Committee for the Conservation of Shiraho Sea, WWF Coral Reef
Conservation Research Center,Director,Nature Conservation Theory )KOBAYASHI, Takahiro ( School of Marine Science and Technology, Tokai
University,Lecturer,Environmental Sociology )SATO, Takanori( Palau International Coral Reef Center,Research Fellow,Coastal Management )SHIMAGAMI, Motoko( i-i-network, Research & Action for Community Governance,ViceRepresentative,Commons Theory )TORII, Takashi( Kagoshima University, Faculty of Fisheries,Associate professor,Fisheries
Economics )NISHINO, Hikaru( Eelgrass Support (Amamo Supporters),Representative,Coastal Management )NISHIMURA, Satoru( Kagoshima University, Faculty of Law, Economics andHumanities,Professor,Agricultural Economics )HOSOKAI, Mizuki( One of Tsushima Rangers in charge of conservation of biologicaldiversity,Research fellow,Resource management )BRIGHOUSE, Genevieve( National Marine Sanctuary (American Samoa),Director,Nature Reserve Management )○ CASTILLA, Juan
( Pontificia Universidad Cat?lica de Chile (Chile),Professor,Fisheries
CarlosManagement )KITOLELEI, Jokim( Kagoshima University, Faculty of Fisheries,Ddoctoral course,Coastal
Management )KOHLER, Florent( Universite de Sorbonne (France),Director,Anthropology )LE TOURNEAU,( Universite de Sorbonne (France),Director,Geography )Francois-Michel
Multi-scale Group / Top-down Team
ISHIHARA, Hiroe( Cambridge University,Researcher,Environmental Sociology )OIKAWA, Hiroki( Graduate School of Environment and Information Sciences, Yokohama National
University,Associate professor,Environmental Law )OHTANI, Ryu( The National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology,Research
fellow,Science and Technology Studies )37
Research Projects

OKANO, Takahiro

Theory and Modeling GroupAKIYAMA, Eizo
( Graduate School of Systems and Information Engineering, Tsukuba
University,Professor,Statistical Physics )OURA, Takeshi( Research Institute for Humanity and Nature,RA,Statistical Physics )KANEKO, Kunihiko( Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo,Professor,Complex
System Science )SATAKE, Akiko( Hokkaido University Graduate School of Environmental Sciences,Associate
professor,Theoretical Biology )FUJIMOTO, Koichi( Graduate School of Science, Osaka University,Associate professor,Mathematical
Biology )MARUYAMA, Yasushi( Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Nagoya University,Associate
professor,Environmental Sociology )MULLER, Erinn( Mote Marine Laboratory (USA),Research fellow,Coastal Management )Ethical Aspects of Design-oriented Science TF
KANZAKI, Nobutsugu ( Faculty of Education, Shiga University,Associate professor,Environmental
Ethics, TF leader )KIHIRA, Tomoki( General Education Center, Hyogo University of Health Science,Associate
professor,Environmental Ethics )KURATA, Nobuo( Hokkaido University Graduate Scholl of Letters,Professor,Environmental Ethics )TERAMOTO, Tsuyoshi ( Faculty of Science and Engineering, Chuo University,AssistantProfessor,Environmental Ethics )YOSHINAGA, Akihiro ( College of Sociology, Edogawa University,Lecturer,Environmental Ethics )Research Projects

Multi-scale Group / Bottom-up Team
AKAMINE, Jun( School of Humanities and Social Sciences, Nagoya City University,Associate
professor,Resource Management )ONO, Rintaro( School of Marine Science and Technology, Tokai University,Lecturer,Fisheries
Resource Management )○ SUGA, Yutaka( Institute for Advanced Studies on Asia, The Univrsity ofTokyo,Professor,Ethnology )TAKEKAWA, Daisuke( Faculty of Humanities, The University of Kitakyushu,Professor,Ecological
Anthropology )NAKAMURA, Koji
( Kanazawa University Center for Regional Collaboration,Special-appointed
Professor,Satoyama Management )FURUTA, Naoya( IUCN Jpana Project Office,Senior Project Officer,Nature Conservation Theory )○ YANAGI, Tetsuo( Research Institute for Applied Mechanics, Kyushu University,Special-appointed
Professor,Satoumi Studies )YANAGIDA, Ippei( INO,Board Member,Fisheries Resource Management )CLAUS, Annie( Yale University (USA),Ddoctoral course,Environmental NGO Analysis )RIHN( Kagoshima University Education Center,Special-appointed Associate
Professor,Nature Conservation Policy )KAJI, Koichi( The Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture andTechnology,Professor,Wildlife Management )TANAKA, Toshinori( Graduate School of Frontier Science, The University of Tokyo,Special-appointed
Assistant Professor,Nature Conservation Policy )TOBAI, Sadayoshi( WWF Japan Nature Conservation Office,Office chief,Nature Conservation Theory )TOI, Akiko( Faculty of Environmental Systems, Rakuno Gakuen
University,Professor,Environmental Law )MAKINO, Atsushi( Department of Integrated Human Studies, Faculty of letters, Kumamoto
University,Professor,Residential Research )BOUAMRANE, Meriem( UNESCO、Division of Ecological and Earth Sciences (France),ProgrammeSpecialist,Resource Management )DEDEURWAERDERE, Tom ( Universit? Catholique de Louvain (Belgium),Professor,Political Science )LAUSCHE, Barbara( Mote Marine Laboratory (USA),Director, Marine Policy Institute,Marine Policy )NILES, Daniel( Research Institute for Humanity and Nature,Assistant Professor,Knowledge
Theory )REED, Maureen G( University of Saskatchewan (Canada),Professor,Environmental Governance )38
RIHN Annual Report 2015

Environmental Governance TF
OHNUMA, Susumu( Hokkaido University Graduate School of Letters,Associate
professor,Environmental Governance )OGATA, Seiichi( Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Nagoya University,Research
fellow,Environmental Governance )KAIDA, Naomi( Graduate School of Humanities and Sociology, The University of Tokyo,Ddoctoral
course,Environmental Governance )KADO, Kazunori( Hokkaido University of Education Asahikawa Campus,Associate
professor,Environmental Governance )KITOH, Shuichi( Graduate School of Frontier Science, The University ofTokyo,Professor,Environmental Governance )KINJYOU, Tatsuya( Hokkaido University Graduate School of Letters,Ddoctoral course,Environmental
Governance )KURODA, Satoru( Department of Contemporary Culture and Society, Rikkyo University,AssistantProfessor,Environmental Governance )SUGIMOTO, Ayumi( Akita International University,Lecturer,Environmental Governance )SUZUKI, Katsuya( Institute of Natural and Environmental Sciences, University of
Hyogo,Lecturer,Environmental Governance )SEKI, Reiko( Department of Contemporary Culture and Society, Rikkyo
University,Professor,Environmental Governance )TAKASAKI, Yuko
( Hokkaido University Graduate School of Letters,Ddoctoral course,Environmental
Governance )TAKEUCHI, Kengo( Aomori City Namioka Primary School,Teacher,Environmental Governance )TASHIRO, Yushu( Tokushima Prefecture Sanago Biodiversity Experience
Center,Director,Environmental Governance )TATSUZAWA, Shirow( Hokkaido University Graduate School of Letters,AssistantProfessor,Environmental Governance )TOMITA, Ryoto( Faculty of Agriculture,Shizuoka Universty,Assistant Professor,Environmental
Governance )NISHIKIDO, Makoto( Faculty of Humanity and Environment, Hosei University,Associate
professor,Environmental Governance )NINOMIYA, Sakiko( Kanto Gakuin University College of human and Environmental
Studies,Lecturer,Environmental Governance )HIRAKAWA, Zenki( Hokkaido University of Research Faculty of Agriculture,Research
Fellow,Environmental Governance )HIRANO, Yu-ichiro( Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute,Research Fellow,Environmental
Governance )MIKAMI, Naoyuki( Hokkaido University of Institute for the Advancement of Higher
Education,Associate professor,Environmental Governance )MEGURO, Norio( Graduate School of Frontier Science, The University of Tokyo,Research
Fellow,Environmental Governance )YASUDA, Akito( Graduate School of Frontier Science, The University of Tokyo,Research
Fellow,Environmental Governance )YAMAMOTO, Shinji( Field Science Center, Faculty of Agriculture, Iwate University,Associate
professor,Environmental Governance )KARIN, Ree( Graduate School of Frontier Science, The University of Tokyo,Ddoctoral
course,Environmental Governance )○ Future Themesa) Meta-analysis and modeling
The improved version of self-evaluation questionnaire will be applied to case studies and social
experiments to accumulate data to extract perceptions on ILEK-based adaptive governance amongscientists and stakeholders collaborating in ILEK productions and community actions. A new project
researcher in charge of case studies in developing countries will play a key role in meta analysis ofcase studies outside Japan, especially in developing countries. Text data of naturally spoken
narratives and writings of important actors in case study and action-based verification sites will also
be accumulated to provide resources for discourse analysis.
In FR4, we will improve analysis of these interview records and narrative data using conventional andcomputer-assisted discourse analysis to elaborate hypotheses on important drivers and processes of39
Research Projectsb) Case studies and Action-based Verificationc) Stakeholder workshop at meta-analysis level
Stakeholder workshops will be an important component of two-tier transdisciplinary approach in the
project. We completed the first deliberative workshop in September 2014 (within Japan), and aredesigning a series of localized workshops in the verification sites outside Japan in 2015. The WS will
mainly invite scientists and stakeholders deeply embedded to each case study sites. The protocol
basically follows those utilized in World Wide Views on Biodiversity project. The output of the WS havebeen analysed collaboratively by scientists and stakeholders to provide feedback to both academic andstakeholder communities at local and cross-scale levels.
d) ILEK Simulator as a societal output of the project
In its initial design, we assumed that the final societal output of ILEK project would be societal
changes in each case study site directly delivered by project members deeply embedded in each
community. However, as we found collaboration among diverse actors within and outside the community
could be an important driver of adaptive governance, a mechanism to promote mutual learning andinteraction among diverse case study sites over the world was desperately needed. Based on the Web GIS
system and semantic network analysis protocols, we started designing a web-based ILEK Simulator as thesocietal output of the project. ILEK Simulator provides plausible options and tips of ILEK-based
adaptive governance fitted to particular local settings, together with real-life examples of local
collaborative activities in other sites sharing common characteristics. ILEK Simulator will open a newpathway to connect local communities in the world for collaboration in adaptive governance processes.

●Achievements○Research Presentations【Invited Lecture / Honoronary Lecture / Panelist】

・Koji Nakamura Twinning GIAHS sites: Collaboration in Human Capacity Building between the GIAHS Noto's
Satoyama and Satoumi in Japan and GIAHS Ifugao Rice Terrace in the Philippines. GIAHS Steering andScientific Committee Meeting, 2015,04,29, Rome, Italy .

Research Projects

FR4 will be a critical stage of the project to implement action-based verification processes atselected sites to verify focused hypotheses on drivers and processes of ILEK-based adaptive governance.
The designs of verification processes on the bases of ILEK Triangle model has been completed at 15
sites to address questions related to characterization of drivers of knowledge-based adaptive
governance. Each verification process is composed of attempted or ongoing actions delivered byknowledge producers or translators and expected societal changes observable within the project period.
We will organize the Action-based Verification Group with project members committed to each sites toimprove the design and implementation and to integrate results. Societal changes resulted fromexperimental actions can be measured by dynamism of stakeholder networks, changes in perceptions among
stakeholders and scientists, and emergence of collaborative actions. Methodologies of qualitative andquantitative evaluation of social dynamism will be established and improved in FR4.

RIHN

ILEK-based adaptive governance. Computer-assisted analysis techniques including semantic network
analysis will be further improved in close collaboration among modelers, database specialists andempirical scientists. Outcomes of these analyses will be successively delivered to the Theory andModeling group to test various modeling approaches, and to the Action-based Verification group topromote verification of hypothesis in FR4. Research results are also applied to the design of ILEK
Simulator scheduled to be launched toward the end of the project.

40
RIHN Annual Report 2015

Stage: Full Research
Project No.: R-08-Init
Project Name: Human-Environmental Security in Asia-Pacific Ring of Fire: Water-Energy-Food Nexus
Abbreviated Title: WEF Nexus Project
Project Leader: Mkoto Taniguchi
Research Axis:
URL: http://www.chikyu.ac.jp/wefn/index.html
Key Words:○ Research Subject and Objectives
Climate change and economic development are causing increased pressure on water, energy and foodresources, presenting communities with increased levels of tradeoffs and potential conflicts among
these resources. Therefore, the water-energy-food nexus is one of the most important and fundamental
global environmental issues facing the world. As water is the central matter within this cluster, we
will focus on the inherent tradeoffs between water and food, and water and energy. For the purposes ofthis project, we define human-environmental security as the joint optimization between human andenvironmental security as well as the water-energy and water-food connections. To optimize thegovernance and management within these inter-connected needs, it is desirable to increase humanenvironmental security by improving social managements for the water-energy-food nexus. In thisresearch project, we intend to establish a method to manage and optimize the human-environmental
security of the water-energy-food nexus. We base our approach on the viewpoint that it is important fora sustainable society to increase human-environmental security and decrease vulnerability by optimizing
the connections within the critical water-energy and water-food clusters.
We will take a regional perspective to address these global environmental problems. The geological andgeomorphological conditions in our proposed study area are heavily influenced by the so-called "Ring ofFire," around the Pacific Ocean. Within these areas including Japan and Southeast Asia, the hydrometeorological conditions are dominated by the Asia monsoon. The populations that live under thesenatural conditions face elevated risk and potential disaster as negative impacts, while also
benefitting from positive ecological goods and services.
There are therefore tradeoffs and conflicts within the water-energy-food nexus, as well as among
various stakeholders in the region.
The objective of this project is to maximize human-environmental security (minimize the vulnerability)
by choosing management structures and policies that optimize both the water-food and water-energy
connections in Asia-Pacific coastal regions. We define joint security approach as optimized policy forboth critical water clusters. Optimal policies will develop joint security approaches for humanenvironmental security in the coastal region of the Ring of Fire, including stakeholders and decisionmakers.
Group1 ：Environmental governance, science in/for society, and co-design/co-production approaches, inparticular emphasizing regional scale stake-holders such as GEC (Global Environmental Change) Asia
Platform
Group2 ： Biophysical measurements/analyses of the water-energy nexus by using state-of-art spacesatellite, geothermic, and hydrogeological techniques to evaluate linkages between water and energy
Group3 ：Biophysical measurements/analyses within the water-food (e.g., fisheries resources) nexus byusing state-of-the-art geochemical, coastal oceanographic, geophysical, hydrologic, and ecological
techniques including isotopic tracers to evaluate the linkages between land and oceanGroup4 ： Social measurements/analyses of the water-energy-food relationships by use of community
surveys, cost-benefit/efficiency analysis, and environmental valuation, based on sociology, economics,
anthropology, psychology, and behavior-science methodologies

41
Research Projects

Group5 ：Development of integrated indicators/indices and network analyses based on principal component
analyses (PCA), social network analyses, and factors weights determined by feedback from stakeholder
meeting/workshop○ Progress and Results in 2015

【To understand the complexity of

WEF nexus system】

At the local level of WEF, as a result of collecting groundwater sample by depth from flowing artesian
wells along coastal areas in Otsuchi which is a tsunami affected area, it turns out that aquifer levels
declines in response to construction of seawalls and a water gate. Installing observation wells andlong-term monitoring of groundwater levels is needed to understand the linkage between groundwater andthe coastal ecosystem.
Regarding the ground heat exchange system, asa result of gauging soil
temperature in Obama and Otsuchi, it was revealed that the soil temperature in Obama is higher thanthat of Otsuchi. As previous studies show that the ground is warming, more work is needed to understandthe interaction between soil temperature and the potential energy of soil. In Beppu, another finding of
the WEF nexus shows that changes in the heat environment caused by hot spring drainage water fromresorts and power generation affect river ecosystems, including non-native Tilapia habitat. We
conducted a quantitative analysis of how much energy it is possible to produce per 1kg of water amongsmall-scale hydro power, hot spring energy and shale gas.We found that shale gas most effectively uses
this water to produce energy. We will continue investigating how to produce potential energy
effectively using water,and continue to identify how to diversify among renewable energy sources.
As for the inter linkages between groundwater and fishery production, physical, chemical and biologicalsurveys have been conducted at four project sites in Japan. As for the physical and chemical aspects,
the ratio of submarine groundwater discharges (SGDs) in fresh water inflow was gauged along the coastof Hiji town in Beppu Bay, and the amount of nutrient supply derived from SGDs in the same area wasestimated. Furthermore, it turns out that the radon concentration in river water and groundwater ishigher in Otsuchi Bay in comparison with Obama and Hiji. From a biological point of view, a highabundance of crustaceans and fishes was observed at a southern coast of Otsuchi Bay, and higher aabundance and species diversity of invertebrates and fishes were observed at an area with highsubmarine groundwater discharge in Obama Bay and Beppu Bay. These results obtained to date show that
inputs of nutritional matters of terrestrial origin through submarine groundwater increase biologicalproduction and biodiversity in coastal areas.
【Stakeholder analysis for transdisciplinary study】
At a regional scale, to clarify differences in public attitudes towards geothermal power and hot
springs in three countries, we conducted a web questionnaire to the general public living in Japan, thePhilippines and Indonesia. Characteristics of Japanese respondents in contrast to the other countries
were as follows; most people were unfamiliar with geothermal power; less people were bothered by tradeoffs between geothermal power and hot springs and the effect of community development than the othertwo countries; less people preferred to be involved in the construction process of geothermal power
than the other two countries; and more people preferred a referendum to joint fact-finding of
scientific evidence.
As a site-specific case study, we held stakeholder meetings regarding developing hot spring power
generation in the hot spring resort area of Beppu. We discussed with local stakeholders and identified
the tools, which will be used for making policy recommendations for sustainable development of hot
springs. In addition, we conducted an online survey about how local social capital impacts local

Research Projects

We address the hypothesis that water use for producing and consuming food and energy on land affects
fishery production in coastal zones. To examine this theory, we address two primary objectives; 1)tounderstand the complexity of the WEF nexus system since the relationships of all three resources suchas water-energy, water-food and/or WEF are interrelated and interdependent, which implies that thecomplexity of the nexus system has not yet been clarified; and 2) under scientific evidence andscientific uncertainty to create policy options to solve the identified nexus problems, that is, toreduce the number of trade offs among three resources and to mitigate potential conflicts among theseresource users through transdisciplinary approaches. The water-energy-nexus team and water-food nexus
team pursuit the former challenges, and the science in/for society team, the stakeholder analysis teamand the interdisciplinary team engage in the latter challenges.

RIHN

Area ・Japanese site(1) Obama, Fukui ・Japanese site(2) Otsuchi, Iwate ・Japanese site(3) Beppu, Oita
・Canada study group ・America study group ・Indonesia study group ・Phillippine study group

42
RIHN Annual Report 2015

resource management. There is also a trend that people who trust local people attended local resource
management activities more; and people who have a close relationship with local people attended to
local resource management activities more. We will continue analysing linkages between local social
capital and local resource management activities.
【Developing methods for interdisciplinary and transdisciplinary studies】
We are developing and using various integrated methods to address the WEF nexus. We classified theintegrated methods as qualitative and quantitative that contribute to both interdisciplinary andtransdisciplinary research. Qualitative methods that we analysed consisted of Questionnaire Surveys,
Ontology Engineering and Integrated Map, while quantitative methods included Physical Models, Benefitcost analysis (BCA), Integrated Indices, and Optimization Management Models based on case studies fromresearch sites in Japan and the Philippines. We discovered and identified how to use each method.
Ontology Engineering would be the most useful for designing the project during initiation stage tobuild a list of common concepts of term; and the linkages of each term among stakeholders including
researchers and practitioners. In addition, Ontology Engineering could be used at the policy planningstage to assess whether the policy/plan would coverall disciplines including natural sciences, social
sciences and humanities, and sectors such as water, energy, and food (in order to address the key
issues that were originally identified during the initiation stage). Questionnaire Surveys would be
more useful for collecting information to analyse WEF inter linkages when few data exist; then, it
would help to identify the key issues during the initiation stage. Integrated Maps can provide an
opportunity to share knowledge showing actual conditions at a spatial scale among stakeholders during
the policy planning stage. BCA and an Optimization Management Model would play important roles inclarifying trade-offs during the initiation stage, creating and providing policy options during thepolicy planning stage. Physical models are essential for understanding the WEF nexus systems; these canbe developed to clarify inter linkages between physical conditions of water, energy and food, as wellas human activities by working with social scientists. These models can be used to address key issues
more holistically during the policy planning stage.Using an Integrated Index can be a discipline-freemethod, which could incorporate and integrate each result with different disciplines, then evaluate
trade-offs during the policy planning stage.

○Project Members◎ Makoto Taniguchi◎ Aiko Endo
Naoki Masuhara
Makoto Yamada
Tomohiro Oh
UDMALE, Parmeshwar
DigamberHisami Honda
Takako Okamoto
Shun Teramoto( Research Institute for Humanity and Nature,Professor,Project leader,Group 1
leader )( Research Institute for Humanity and Nature,Associate Professor,Co-Project
leader,Group 5 leader )( Research Institute for Humanity and Nature,Researcher,Group 4,Environmental
Energy Policy )( Research Institute for Humanity and Nature,Researcher,Group 2,Hydrology )( Research Institute for Humanity and Nature,Researcher,Group 1,Resource
Governance )( Research Institute for Humanity and Nature,Researcher,Group 5,Integrated River
Basin Management; Agriculture, Water & Climate Change )( Research Institute for Humanity and Nature,Research Associate,Group 3,Coastal
Oceanography )( Research Institute for Humanity and Nature,Research Associate,Secretariat )( Research Institute for Humanity and Nature,Research Associate,Secretariat )- Group 1 Science in Society Team Seiichi Mori
( Gifu Keizai University,Professor,Social Behaviour )Takahiro Endo
( Osaka Prefecture University,Associate Professor,Environmental Governance )Takeo Ohnishi( Gifu University,Associate Professor,Modelling of Land – Ocean Interaction )Aysun Uyar
( Doshisha University,Assistant Professor,International Relations )- Group 2 Water–Energy Nexus Team ○ Masahiko Fujii( Hokkaido University,Associate Professor,Group 2 leader,Environmental Earth
Science )Hajime Araki( Hokkaido University,Professor,Energy Science )43
Research Projects

Hisashi Kobayashi- Group 4 Consensus Building Team ○ Kenshi Baba
( Hosei University ,Professor,Group 4 leader,Policy Process Theory )Mitsuru Tanaka( Hosei University,Professor,Environmental Policy )Masahiro Matsuura( The University of Tokyo,Associate Professor,Public Policy )Michinori Kimura( Lake Biwa Environmental Research Institute,Researcher,Social Network Theory )Motoko Kosugi( Shizuoka University, Graduate School of Integrated Science andTechnology,Associate Professor,Psychology )- Group 5 Integrated Indices & Meta Analyses Team Terukazu Kumazawa( Research Institute for Humanity and Nature,Assistant Professor,Environmental
Planning,Regional Informatics )Pedcris Orencio( Catholic Relief Services,Deputy Program Manager,Socio- Environmental Planningand Management )Akira Ishii( Yachiyo Engineering Co., Ltd.,Researcher,Physical Modelling )Takaaki Kato
( The University of Kitakyushu,Associate Professor,Environment Economic
Assessment )- Obama research ○ Daisuke Tahara
Yasuyuki Kosaka- Beppu research ○ Shinji Ohsawa
Tomoo Shibata
Hen Teki( Fukui Prefectural University,Associate Professor,Site Leader,Environmental
Policy )( Fukui prefectural Wakasa high school,Teacher,Coastal Protection )( Institute For Geothermal Sciences,Kyoto University,Professor,Site Leader,Group
2,Geothermic )( Institute For Geothermal Sciences,Kyoto University,Associate
Professor,Limnology )( Kyoto University,Graduate School Student,Geothermic )Research Projects- Group 3 Water–Food Nexus Team ○ Jun Shoji( Hiroshima University,Associate Professor,Group 3 leader,Costal Aquatic
Bioscience )Osamu Tominaga( Fukui Prefectural University,Professor,Aquatic Resource Biology )Ryo Sugimoto( Fukui Prefectural University,Assistant Professor,Coastal Fisheries )Shiho Kobayashi( Kyoto University,Assistant Professor,Secondary Producer Analysis )Hiroki Tanaka( Hiroshima University,Graduate School Student,Costal Aquatic Bioscience )Masaki Hata
( Hiroshima University,Graduate School Student,Costal Aquatic Bioscience )Tatsuya Utsunomiya ( Hiroshima University,Graduate School Student,Costal Aquatic Bioscience )Katsuhiro Kitagawa ( Fukui Prefectural University,Graduate School Student,Production Ecology )RIHN( Ibaraki University College of Agriculture,Professor,Agricultural Water
Utilization )Seiichiro Ioka
( North Japan Research Institute for Sustainable Energy,Associate
Professor,Geothermal Energy )Yuji Miyashita( Kanagawa Hot Springs Res. Ins,Senior Researcher,Geothermal Spring Studies )Hideki Hamamoto( Center for Environmental Science in Saitama,Chief,Geothermic )Masakatsu Sasada( Geo-Heat Promotion Association of Japan,Chairman of board of
directors,Environmental Policy )Jun Nishijima( Kyushu University,Assistant Professor,Geothermal Energy )Kazuhiro Itadera( Kanagawa Hot Springs Res. Ins,Senior Researcher,Geohydrology )Yayan Sofyan( Special Researcher,Geothermal Energy )Yoichiro Fukuda( Hokkaido University,Graduate School Student,Biomass Energy )Naufal Rospriandana ( Hokkaido University,Graduate School Student,Hydropower Generation )Takahiro Sawadate( Hokkaido University,Graduate School Student,Renewable Energy )Kento Naritomi( Kyushu University,Graduate School Student,Geothermal Energy )Shigeki Senna( National Rsearch Institute for Earth Science and Disaster Prevention,SeniorResearcher,Seismology )44
RIHN Annual Report 2015

Masaki Saito
Yoshinobu Kamijo- Otsuchi research Tomohiko Kawamura
Ken Sasaki- Advisory Tomoya Akimichi
Kazuo Matsushita( Tokai University,Professor,Hot Spring Science )( Hiji Town municipality,Oita prefecture,Fellow,Fishery )( International Coastal Research Center,Professor,Site Leader,Aquatic Resource
Biology )( Otsuchi Town Office,Officer,Local Community )( Research Institute for Humanity and Nature,Emeritus Professor,Integrated Area
Study )( Institute for Global Environmental Strategies,Senior Fellow,Global
Environmental Policy )- Domestic secondary site Minoru Tokumasu( Saijyo City Office,Officer,Saijo,Ehime Team )Yoshiko Sugawara( Yuza Town Hall,Officer,Yuza,Yamagata Team )- International members ○ ALLEN, Diana M.
( Simon Fraser University, Canada,Professor,Site Leader,Water Energy Cycles )KIRSTE, Dirk
( Simon Fraser University, Canada,Associate Professor,Hydrology )OLEWILER, Nancy( Simon Fraser University, Canada,Professor,Public Policy )HARFORD, Deborah( Adaptation to Climate Change Team (ACT), Simon Fraser University,
Canada,Executive Director,Climate Change Policy )GELOVEN, Chelton van( BC Ministry of Forests, Lands and Natural Resource Operations, Canada,Water
Management,Hydrology )WELCH, Laurie( BC Oil and Gas Commission, Canada,Water Management,Hydrogeology )○ GURDAK, Jason( San Francisco State University, USA,Assistant Professor,Site Leader,Hydrology )BURNETT, Kimbaly( University of Hawaii, USA,Researcher,Group 5,Environmental Economics )FISHER, Andrew( University of California, Santa Cruz, USA,Professor,Marine Aquifer Reserve
Research )HANAK, Ellen( Public Policy Institute of California, USA,Senior Fellow,Environmental Policy )NANUS, Leora( San Francisco State University, USA,Associate Professor,Hydrology,Water
Quality )SOLIS, Samuel( University of California, Davis, USA,Assistant Professor,Water Management )Sandoval
SWARZENSKI, Peter( United states Geological Survey, USA,Professor,Coastal Oceanography )○ DELINOM, Robert( Indonesia Institute of Science, Indonesia,Professor,Site Leader,Geology )HABA, Johanis( Indonesia Institute of Scienc, Indonesia,Professor,Anthropology )LUBIS, F. Rachmat( Indonesia Institute of Scienc, Indonesia,Researcher,Hydrogeology )ROESLI, P. Andy
( PT. Matlamat Cakera Canggih, Indonesia,Director,Geothermal Energy Policy )PAWITAN Hidayat( Bogor Agricultural University (IPB-Bogor), Indonesia,Professor,Hydrological
System Analysis )HIDAYATI, Deny
( Indonesia Institute of Scienc, Indonesia,Researcher,Human Ecology )○ SIRINGAN, Fernando ( University of the Philippines Diliman, Philippine,Professor,Site Leader,MarineP.
& Coastal Geology )BALANGUE-TARRIELA, ( University of the Philippines,Associate Professor,Geochemistry )Maria Ines Rosana
JAGO-ON, A. B. Karen( University of the Philippines,Assistant Professor,Urban & Regional Planning )DAVID, Sevillo( National Water Resources Board, Philippine,Executive Director,Earth Science )○ Future Themes【To understand the complexity of WEF nexus system】
Regarding geothermal and ho tspring heat energy, further detailed research will be continued in Beppu,
paying special attention to possible conflicts with tourism and other local industries in developing
the energy. As for ground heat exchange systems, further research is needed to understand theinteraction between soil temperature and the potential energy of soil in Otsuchi and Saijo, by applying

45
Research Projects

the procedure established in Obama. Cost-benefit analyses and life cycle
raising agricultural products by utilizing ground heat will be carried out in Obama.

assessmentof

The research plan consists of the following three tasks; A: Comprehensive case analysis onparticipatory approaches, B: Case studies of participatory approaches in the local communities, C:
Attitude and behaviour change analysis. Task C is to clarify points on communicating scientificevidence by attitude and behaviour change analysis using web-based deliberative experiments andquestionnaires in a series of stakeholder meetings in the local communities. We conducted an online
questionnaire with the general public living in Japan, the Philippines and Indonesia to clarify
differences in public attitude regarding geothermal power and hot springs. In addition, we conductedquestionnaire surveys in Obama City, Fukui, and Pajaro Valley, California to examine the possibility ofproblem solving based on these opinions. These implications will be used as inputs into Task B, whichis to conduct case studies of participatory approaches in the local communities in Obama,Beppu, Otsuchi
and the other sites within this project. We begin with stakeholder analysis and will then design andimplement participatory approaches such as joint fact-finding and consensus conferences in the local
communities to realize “co-design and co-product of science and society”. We focus on stakeholder
analysis in Otsuchi and conduct some workshops on the linkage between water and energy with the resultsof task B and C over the past fiscal year.
【Developing methods for Interdisciplinary and transdisciplinary studies】
A remaining challenge is to develop integrated methods for linking the ideas and actions of various
stakeholders from different sectors, while also considering distinct temporal and spatial scales,
including vertical and horizontal dimensions. Ways of connecting local nexus issues within a community
to broader national and global nexus issues (the vertical dimension) are often missing from sitespecific case studies. At the same time, it is important to understand how an incident related to WEF
resources and resource users in one case study area could affect other case study areas (the horizontal
dimension). We should also consider how current events are likely to impact future WEF resources andresource users on a temporal scale. To address these challenges, it is possible to use a global model
to set our site-specific case studies within a global context on a vertical spatial scale.Furthermore,
the creation of future scenarios further integrating each integrated method mentioned above is achallenge,however this will make it possible to analyse WEF nexus on a temporal scale.
【International research collaboration for comparative study】
The U.S. group will be conducting a site reconnaissance with the water-food team to conduct biologicalsampling in areas of coastal submarine groundwater discharge in order to make an international
comparison. Social conflicts in developing small hydro power will be examined in Otsuchi, Indonesia andthe Philippines. In addition, we will convey and converse the methods which are now being developed by
the interdisciplinary team in Japan to researchers abroad to conduct a comparison study and to create
future scenarios using the same methods. An integrated index from the Philippines is now being
developed and wewill convey this method to Indonesia during the next fiscal year. The BCA isapproximately 90% complete for the US case, which quantifies the energy-water nexus surrounding theCollege Lake project and quantifies the economic value of sea-water intrusion prevention. An integrated
physical model, which will apply hydrology,fisheries, geochemical and biochemical information in aninterdisciplinary way,is now being developed in Obama and Beppu in Japan. Next fiscal year, we will
apply the physical model in the US and Canada. Furthermore, to complete the transdisciplinary process,Research Projects【Stakeholder analysis for transdisciplinary study】

RIHN

As for the interlinkages between groundwater and fishery production, field surveys within Japan will be
continued in order to make a comprehensive evaluation of water and trophic flows between land and sea.
At the Otsuchi site, total flux of nutritional matters will be evaluated. At the Obama site, spatialtemporal variability in physical and biological conditions around submarine groundwater seepages will
be monitored at finer scales. At the Beppu site, trophic flow from materials to predators at higher
trophic levels will be analyzed through field sampling and stomach contents analysis with applicationof carbon and nitrogen stable isotope analysis. At the Yuza site, a more quantitative evaluation oftrophic flow will be conducted through surveys for abundance and biomass of plants and animals close to
the submarine groundwater see pages. In addition to these samplings at Japanese sites, field surveys in
the US will be conducted in the following fiscal year to make an international comparison.

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RIHN Annual Report 2015

decision makers should be able to employ this model along with other stakeholders, such as scientists
and the business sector, to decide on optimal policies for sustainable water and ecological management.

●Achievements○Papers【Original Articles】

・Sugimoto, R., Tsuboi, T. 2016,01 Seasonal and annual fluxes of atmospheric nitrogen deposition andriverine nitrogen export in two adjacent contrasting rivers in central Japan facing the Sea ofJapan. Journal of Hydrology: Regional Studies . DOI:10.1016/j.ejrh.2015.11.019.
・Sugimoto, R., Honda, H., Kobayashi, S., Takao, Y., Tahara, D., Tominaga, O., Taniguchi, M. 2016,01
Seasonal Changes in Submarine Groundwater Discharge and Associated Nutrient Transport into a
Tideless Semi-enclosed Embayment (Obama Bay, Japan). Estuaries and Coasts 39(1) :13-26. DOI:10.1007/
s12237-015-9986-7.(reviewed).
・Burnett, K., Wada, C., Endo, A., Taniguchi, M. 2015,12 The economic value of groundwater in Obama.
Journal of Hydrology: Regional Studies . DOI:10.1016/j.ejrh.2015.10.002.(reviewed).
・ Karen Ann B. Jago-on, Fernando P. Siringan, Rosana Balangue-Tarriela, Makoto Taniguchi, et al.
2015,12 Hot spring resort development in Laguna Province, Philippines: Challenges in water use
regulation. Journal of Hydrology: Regional Studies . DOI:10.1016/j.ejrh.2015.11.020.(reviewed).
・Endo, A., Tsurita, I., Burnett, K., Orencio, P.M. 2015,12 A Review of the Current State of Researchon the Water, Energy, and Food Nexus. Journal of Hydrology: Regional Studies . DOI:10.1016/j.ejrh.
2015.11.010.(reviewed).
・Utsunomiya, T., Hata, M., Sugimoto, R., Honda, H., Kobayashi, S., Miyata, Y., Yamada, M., Tominaga,O., Shoji, J., Taniguchi, M. 2015,12 Higher species richness and abundance of fish and benthic
invertebrates around submarine groundwater discharge in Obama Bay, Japan. Journal of Hydrology:
Regional Studies . DOI:10.1016/j.ejrh.2015.11.012.(reviewed).
・Taniguchi, M., Masuhara, N., Burnett, K. 2015,12 Water, energy, and food security in the Asia Pacificregion. Journal of Hydrology: Regional Studies . DOI:10.1016/j.ejrh.2015.11.005.
・Maximilian Spiegelberg, Dalton Erick Baltazar, Maria Paula E. Sarigumba, Pedcris M. Orencio, Satoshi
Hoshino, Shizuka Hashimoto, Makoto Taniguchi, Aiko Endo. 2015,11 Unfolding livelihood aspects of theWater–Energy–FoodNexus in the Dampalit Watershed, Philippines. Journal of Hydrology: Regional
Studies . DOI:10.1016/j.ejrh.2015.10.009.(reviewed).
・Holding, S. and Allen, D.M. 2015,11 Final Report: Shallow Groundwater Intrinsic Vulnerability Mappingin Northeast British Columbia. Final report to BC Ministry of Forests, Lands and Natural Resource
Operations, and Pacific Institute for Climate Solutions. .30 pp plus Appendix.
・Naritomi, K., Nishijima, J., Ohsawa, S., Fujimitsu, Y. 2015,11 Monitoring of a hot spring aquifer
using repeated microgravity measurements in the northern part of Beppu, Japan. .Proceedings of 37th
New Zealand Geothermal Workshop 2015.
・Baba, K. and Masuhara, N. 2015,11 Report on the Special session “Trans-disciplinary Approach for
Water-Energy-Food Nexus Issue: A Case Study in Obama City, Fukui Prefecture” at the annual meetingof Society of Environmental Sciences Japan. Journal of Society of Environmental Sciences Japan28(6) :457-461. (in Japanese)
・Orencio, P.M., Endo, A., Taniguchi, M., Fujii, M. 2015,10 Using Thresholds of Severity to Threats toand the Resilience of Human Systems in Measuring Human Security. Social Indicators Research 124(2) :1-21. DOI:10.1007/s11205-015-1152-x.(reviewed).
・Baba, K., Nagata, Y., Kitakaze, R., Shirai, K. and Tanaka, M. 2015,10 Assessment by the General
Public on Resilient City and Awareness Raising by Dialogue with Experts; an Experience at theWorkshop of the 3rd World Conference on Disaster Risk Reduction in Sendai. :73-82. (in Japanese)
Proceedings of 43rd Annual Meeting of Environmental Systems Research 2015.

47
Research Projects

・Kimura, M., Baba, K., and Masuhara, N. 2015,10 Understanding of the Relationship of the Citizen
Community Resource Management and Social Capital by WEB Questionnaire. :67-72. (in Japanese)
Proceedings of 43rd Annual Meeting of Environmental Systems Research 2015.

・Kim, K., Burnett, K. and Ghimire, J. 2015,07 Assessing the potential for food and energy selfsufficiency on the island of Kauai, Hawaii. Food Policy 54 :44-51. DOI:10.1016/j.foodpol.
2015.04.009.

・Hata, M., Otsuki, N., Tanaka, H., Tomiyama, T. and Shoji, J. 2015,06 Collection record of spottedhalibut Verasper variegatus juveniles from the central Seto Inland Sea, Japan. Aquaculture Science
63(2) :199-201.
・Nakano, H., Hirakawa, K. and Shoji, J. 2015,04 Development of swimming speed and schooling behaviorof juvenile white rockfish (Sebastes cheni) in relation to ambient light intensity. Fishery Bulletin
113(2) :121-128.
・Shoji, J. and Morimoto, M. 2015 Changes in fish community in seagrass beds in Mangoku‑ura Bay from2009 to 2014, the period before and after the tsunami following the 2011 off the Pacific coast of
Tohoku earthquake. Journal of Oceanography 72(1) :91-98. DOI:10.1007/s10872-015-0311-7.
・Arimoto, H., Taniguchi, M., Hamamoto, H., Kishimoto, Y. Mizuma, K., and Kobayashi, A. 2015 Subsurface
warming in Osaka metropolitan area. Disaster Prevention and Measurement Technics :71-76. (inJapanese) (reviewed).Proc. Symposium "Symposium on Environmental Hydrology.
・ Notte, C. and Allen, D.M. 2015 Regulatory and policy regimes, and voids within and acrossjurisdictions. :49-92.Chapter 3 in Goss, G., Alessi, D., Allen, D., Gehman, J. Brisbois, J. Kletke,
S., Zolfaghari Sharak, A., Notte, et al. (ed.) Unconventional Wastewater Management: A Comparative
Review and Analysis of Hydraulic Fracturing Wastewater Management Practises across four North
American Jurisdictions.
・Yamada, M., Sugimoto, R., Ono, M. and Shoji, J. 2015 The report on JpGU 2015 Session “Land-Ocean
Interaction -Water and material cycle for coastal ecosystems-“. Journal of Japanese Association of
Hydrological Sciences 45(3) :95. (in Japanese)
・Kirste, D. and Allen, D.M. 2015 Northeast BC Aquifer Characterization Study: Groundwater Chemistry
Results and Interpretation. .Draft report is nearly complete.
○Research Presentations【Oral Presentation】

・Endo, A. Methods of the Water-Energy-Food Nexus. 2nd Future Earth Water-Energy-Food Cluster Workshop,
2015,11,23-2015,11,25, Karlsruhe in Germany.
・ Shoji, J., et al. Do species diversity and productivity of fisheries resources increase aroundsubmarine groundwater seepages in coastal area?: possible effects of global warming. The 16th
France-Japan Symposium on Marine Science in Shiogama Public Hall, 2015,11,19, Shiogama, Miyagi.
・Taniguchi, M. Human Environment Security in Asia Pacific Ring of Fire: Water-Energy-Food Nexus. RIHN/
TOYOTA Workshop, 2015,10,28, Mielparque KYOTO, Kyoto.
・Fujii, M. Trade off between energy and water. RIHN/TOYOTA Workshop, "What is the Linkage (NEXUS)
Between Water and Energy?", 2015,10,28, Mielparque KYOTO, Kyoto.
・Shoji, J., et al. Possible effects of submarine groundwater discharge on fish species diversity andproduction in coastal areas, Annual Science Conference. International Council for the Exploration of
the Sea (ICES), 2015,09,22, DGI Byen Conference Center, Copenhagen, Denmark.
・ Taniguchi, M. Optimal groundwater governance for
Association of Hydrogeology, 2015,09,15, Rome, Italy.

human-environmental

security.

International

・Shoji, J., et al. Contribution of submarine groundwater to food web in coastal ecosystems: feeding
habits of flatfish juveniles in the Seto Inland Sea, Japan. ECSA-55, 2015,09,06, ExCel London.

Research Projects

・ Baba K. and Tanaka M. 2015,06 Challenges of implementing climate change adaptation policy fordisaster risk reduction - implications from framing gap among stakeholders and the general public –.
Journal of Disaster Research 10(3) :404-419.(reviewed).

RIHN

・Endo, A., Burnett, K., Orencio, P.M., Kumazawa, T., Wada, C., Ishii, A., Tsurita, I. and Taniguchi,
M. 2015,10 Methods of the Water-Energy-Food Nexus. Water 7(10) :5806-5830. DOI:10.3390/w7105806.

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RIHN Annual Report 2015

・Taniguchi, M. Effects of subsurface warming on thermal storage in Asia. 26th IUGG General Assembly,
2015,06,30, Prague, Czech Republic.
・Taniguchi, M. Water-energy-food nexus for sustainability in Asia-Pacific. 26th IUGG General Assembly,
2015,06,30, Prague, Czech Republic.
・Endo, A. Concepts, Tools/Methods, and Practices of Water-Energy-Food Nexus. Belmont Forum Scoping
Workshop, 2015,06,29-2015,07,02, Boulder in the US.
・Taniguchi, M. Evaluations of anthropological impacts on groundwater temperature. 26th IUGG General
Assembly, 2015,06,24, Prague, Czech Republic.
・Baba, K. Developing a Policy Model for Resilient City; Implications from Applying Indicators, Status
Report and Scenario Development to Japanese Cities. Resilient Cities 2015 (6th World Congress on
Cities and Adaptation to Climate Change), 2015,06,10, Bonn, Germany.
・Endo, A. An Integrated Map to Coordinate Coastal, Water & Fisheries Policies in Japan: Visualizing a
Water & Food Nexus. 1st Future Earth Water-Energy-Food Cluster Workshop, 2015,06,01-2015,06,03,
Washington D.C. in the US.
【Poster Presentation】

・ Hamamoto, H., Miyashita, Y., Tahara, D., Fujii, M. and Taniguchi, M. Synthesis of subsurface
temperature information and evaluation of the potential for setting up borehole heat exchanger in
Obama plain, Japan. 26th General Assembly of the International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics,
2015,06,22-2015,07,02, Prague, Czech Republic.S13p-402.
・Kumazawa, T., Hara, K., Kondo, Y. Interdisciplinary research development in global environmental
issues using experiments with ontology engineering. Japan Geoscience Union Meeting 2015,
2015,05,24-2015,05,28, Chiba, Japan.

49
Research Projects

Stage: Full Research
Project No.: R-09
Abbreviated Title: Small-Scale Economies
Project Leader: HABU, Junko

RIHN

Project Name: Long-term Sustainability through Place-Based, Small-Scale Economies: Approaches from Historical Ecology

Research Axis: Resources
Key Words: Small-Scale Economy; Diversity; Networks; Local Autonomy; Long-term Sustainability; North Pacific Rim○ Research Subject and Objectives(1) OBJECTIVES:
This project examines the importance of place-based, small-scale and diversified economies,
particularly the importance of small-scale food production, circulation and consumption, for the longterm sustainability of human societies. For the purposes of this project, a “small-scale economy” isdefined not solely on the basis of the absolute size of the economic unit, but rather in terms of therelative scale of food production within a given socioeconomic context. Our definition of small-scaleeconomy addresses the range of local or regional networks that enable production, circulation andconsumption without precluding links to the outside economy. Long-term sustainability can be defined as“the capacity of humans to create, test out, and maintain abilities to adapt to environments” (Holling,
Gunderson and Peterson 2002) over a span of anywhere from several hundred to several thousand years.
The following working hypothesis begins our research: "Highly specialized subsistence (i.e.,
foodproduction) strategies can support a larger community for a short period, but a decrease insubsistence and food diversity makes the production system and its associated community more vulnerable
in the long-run." Archaeological, historical and paleoenvironmental studies are used to test thishypothesis or examine the long-term impacts of the loss of subsistence/food diversity in relation toother environmental and cultural factors. To link these studies with the current discussion of thescale and methods of alternative food systems, ethnographic and ecological studies of contemporary
small-scale food systems and communities are being conducted. In conjunction, studies of the past andpresent point to the future, as the research process also involves the collaborative design ofecologically sound and equitable food systems.
The theoretical genesis of this project is an approach of historical ecology (Balée 1992, 1998, 2006,
2010, Balée and Erickson 2006, Crumley 1994, Erlandson and Rick 2008, Kirch and Hunt 1997, Thomson and
Waggoner 2013) that conducts comprehensive research into long-term and short-term cultural change whileemphasizing the impact of human activities on the environment. In particular, this project proposesthat high levels of diversity, network and local autonomy,all of which are strongly correlated with thescale of the system, are the keys to achieving long-term sustainability of socioeconomic systems. By
integrating case studies on food diversity, the mobility of people, goods and information and theinitiatives of local stakeholders in relation to the scale and resilience of societies and economies,
this study aims to advance theories on the interrelationship between culture and environment byaddressing climate change. Other cultural factors, including technological developments, sociopoliticalstructure and rituals/religion, are also taken into consideration.
(2) BACKGROUND:This research aims to construct strategies for tackling global environmental problems associated withthe rise of large-scale economic systems. These global environmental problems being addressed by thisproject include soil and water contamination, a decrease in biodiversity and long-lasting damage toecosystems caused by large and homogenized food production. In the case of agriculture, the developmentof large-scale monoculture with applications of a large amount of pesticides and chemical fertilizers
has resulted in serious soil contamination, water pollution, loss of biodiversity, and even thedestruction of whole ecosystems. The predominant measures to deal with these global environmental
problems are top-down regulations enacted by national/local governments and international agencies.

Research Projects

URL: http://www.chikyu.ac.jp/fooddiversity/index.html

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RIHN Annual Report 2015

However, these regulations may not be sufficient when we consider long-term environmental effects on atime-span of hundreds or thousands of years. As an alternative approach, this project examines the pastand present practice of place-based, smaller-scale food production systems, evaluates their advantages
and limitations, and explores their future potentials (see also Capra 1997,2002).
(3) GEOGRAPHIC FOCUS
Geographically, our project focuses on the North Pacific Rim. In particular, we have identified
northern Japan, with its solid archaeological record and its importance to contemporary food productionin Japan, as the core area of our field research. The west coast of North America, with rich traditionsof ethnographic and ecological investigation as well as active contemporary food/agriculture movements,
will provide the main comparative case studies. These two regions share a number of characteristics incommon, including climate, vegetation, fauna,and a high level of seismic activity. There are also
cultural ties with historical depth as a result of the migration of anatomically modern humans after
the late Pleistocene. Historically, the abundance of small-scale economies supported by marine food
exploitation and intensive nut-collecting also characterizes these two regions.
(4) RESEARCH METHODS AND ORGANIZATION
The project consists of three research groups,each with several sub-projects:
I. Longue-Durée Group: Archaeological, historical and paleoenvironmental studies are used to test ourworking hypothesis listed above. Because of the long timespan, these studies are capable of addressing
the relationships between the relevant factors mentioned above. These relationships include the longterm consequences of the loss of diversity and associated expansion of the scale of production, theimportance of networks and changes in community and population size.
II. Contemporary Society Group: Ethnographic, sociological and agroecological studies of small-scale
food production systems and their associated communities are conducted to understand the complex interrelationships among cultural and natural contributors in contemporary urban and natural settings.
Although the timespan examined by this second research group is much shorter than that of the firstgroup, the results of our interviews and participant observations have revealed changes through time
inpeoples’ lifeways since the early 20th century. Chemical and biological analysis of soil, water andfood provide direct evidence to evaluate the degree of human impacts on the environment.
III. Implementation, Outreach and Policy Proposal Group: Our emphasis on food diversity, network, andlocally autonomous, small-scale production is being used to develop academic and public outreachprograms for instigating and promoting place-based, small-scale, and diversified food production. In
collaboration with educational programs, NPOs, NGOs and local community organizations, these programs
develop alternative strategies to overcome problems and vulnerabilities of currently dominant largescale, homogenous productions. Our ultimate goal is to make actionable contributions to local/national
policies of rural/urban developments and food policy.
<REFERENCES>
Balée, W. 1992. People of the fallow: A historical ecology of foraging in lowland South America. In
K.H. Redford and C. Padoch (eds.), Conservation of Neotropical Forests: Building on Traditional
Resource Use. New York:Columbia University Press, New York, pp. 35-57.
Balée, W. (ed.) 1998.

Advances in Historical Ecology. ColumbiaUniversity Press, New York.

Balée, W. 2006.

The research program of historical ecology. Annual Reviews in Anthropology 35:75-98.

Balée, W. 2010.

Contingent diversity on anthropic landscapes. Diversity 2(2): 163-181.

Balée, W. and Erickson, W. 2006.
Time, complexity, and historicalecology.
In W. Balée and W.
Erickson(eds.), Time and Complexity in Historical Ecology. Columbia University Press, New York, pp.
1-17.
Capra, F., 1997. Web of Life: A New Scientific Understanding of Living.

Anchor Books, New York.

Capra, F., 2002. The Hidden Connections: Integrating the Biological, Cognitive, and Social Dimensionsof Life into a Science of Sustainability. Doubleday, New York.
Crumley, C., 1994. Historical Ecology: Cultural Knowledge and Changing Landscapes. School of American
Research Advanced Seminar. School of American Research,Santa Fe.

51
Research Projects

Erlandson, J. M., and Rick, T. C. 2008.Archaeology, marine ecology and human impacts on marine
environments. In T. C. Rick and J.M. Erlandson (eds.), Human Impacts on Ancient Marine Ecosystems.
University of California Press, Berkeley, pp.1-19.

Thompson, V. D. and Waggoner, J. C. (eds.), 2013.
University Press of Florida, Gainesville,FL.

the

Pacific

Islands:Prehistoric

The Historical Ecology of Small Scale Economies.

This research group tests our working hypothesis and examines the long-term impacts of the loss of
subsistence/food diversity in relation to other environmental and cultural factors.
All the subprojects of this group have completed their data collection and moved on to the analysis andinterpretation of the collected data. Several journal articles have been published, and many others
are in preparation. Most of the results of our research are consistent with our initial hypothesis.
A. JapanThis team represents the flagship sub-project of our research. Using archaeological indicators forfood/subsistence diversity, trade networks, social inequality, climate change and other socioeconomic/
environmental factors, this team has tested our main hypothesis primarily with data from the Tohoku
region (the northern part of the Honshu Island) and Hokkaido, as well as from the Kanto and Chubu
regions (central Honshu).
Significant progress has been made over the past year in terms ofidentifying the timing of changes in food/subsistence diversity and settlement patterns on the basis of
newly obtained AMS radiocarbon dates. GIS analyses are in progress to understand changes in settlement
size and site distribution patterns. SPD (summed probability distribution) analysis of radiocarbon
dates from the Hokkaido, Tohoku and Kantoregions have been conducted to simulate population dynamics ofthe Early to Late Jomon periods. Stable isotope analysis of skeletal remains for the past year has
focused primarily on samples from the Tohoku region. Finally, but not least importantly, pollen
analysis and alkenone SST (sea surface temperature) studies are in progress to nail down the timing ofclimate change in the study area. The results of these analyses are consistent with our hypothesis. We
have also started analyses of pollen, phytolith, and diatom data from the Late and Final Jomon periods
so that we can contextualize the results of our Early to Middle Jomon data in a broader timespan.
B. Comparative Studies
Five additional case studies provide comparative perspectives with which to further examine themechanisms of long-term culture change. These case studies are from 1) California, 2) the Northwest
Coast of North America, 3) the Canadian Arctic, 4) the Kurils and Eastern Hokkaido, and 5) the Russian
Far East (Lake Baikal). Unlike the Japanese Jomon case, examples from California and the Northwest
Coast seem to indicate that wide food diversity had allowed native communities in these regions tosteadily increase in population thorough time until the time of the European contact. On the contrary,
our case study from the Canadian Arctic indicates that the loss of food diversity with a focus on
bowhead whaling was followed by a rapid population decrease.
Given the limitations of available
funding, case studies on the Kurils/Eastern Hokkaido and Lake Baikal have focused primarily on stable
isotope analyses of strontium and lead to understand the movement of people in relation to changes insocioeconomic complexity.
II. Contemporary Society GroupAs corollaries to our main hypothesis, this team addresses questions of 1) the positive role of smallscale and diversified production systems in relation to the environment and its changes through time,and 2) whether social networks associated with small-scale and diversified production increase theresilience of local communities, especially in times of disaster. Fieldwork has been conducted at both
relatively traditional communities, including rural farming/fishing communities and indigenous
communities such as Native American communities, and with alternative food producers such as organic
farmers. Results of our research so far indicate the importance of traditional subsistence practices inmaintaining resilient socioeconomic systems within local landscapes/seascapes on both sides of theNorth Pacific Rim. Our studies have also revealed critical historical differences between Japan andNorth America, particularly in that contemporary Japanese small-scale food production systems tend to

Research Projects○ Progress and Results in 2015
I. Longue-Durée Group

RIHN

Kirch, P. V., and Hunt, T. L., 1997. Historical Ecology in
Environmental and Landscape Change. Yale University Press, NewHaven.

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RIHN Annual Report 2015

be rooted in rural communities that have never fully accepted large-scale operations,while small-scale
food production movements in North America have emerged either as a resurgence of indigenous movements
or in response to currently dominant large-scale operations.
A. JapanA major focus of this team is on the interviews and participant observations of farming and fishingcommunities in Iwate and Fukushima Prefectures. In particular, we have chosen the Hei River Valley and
the Kitakami Mountain areas as the main regional foci of our research. Results of our research haverevealed how wide food diversity, which is often closely linked to increasing biodiversity as a resultof human intervention in the environment, has been important to residents’ everyday life. The use of awide array of both wild and cultivated food is closely tied to intricate social networks, richtraditional ecological knowledge (TEK), and non-cash exchanges. Results of our interviews have revealed
that changes through time in peoples’ lifeways, since ca. the 1930s, reflect historic processes towards
mass production, which caused many social and environmental problems, as well as residents’ creative
attempts to cope with these problems. The latter has had close ties with the consumer movements inJapan since the 1980s. About 70% of the necessary fieldwork in these regions have been completed, andwe plan to finish the remaining fieldwork by summer 2016.
B. Comparative Studies
Research by this team has focused on a) indigenous communities on the West Coast of North America, b)organic food producers in California, and c) agroecological experiments in collaboration with scholars
at the University of California, Berkeley. In collaboration with three Native American Tribes in
California, the WukchumniYokuts, the Amah Mutsun, and the Coast Miwok, as well as with the Tlingit
people in Alaska and the Canadian Arctic, our research team has conducted interviews and participant
observation to record aspects of their TEK, including the use of wild food resources such as acorns andother nuts in the mountains and herring in the ocean, as a means of understanding how wide fooddiversity was maintained in their traditional lifeways. Our interviews have also revealed the symbolic
importance of traditional foodways in re-establishing their cultural and ethnic identity. Results ofthese studies are being connected to our outreach efforts in the Third Research Group. Significant
progress has been made in our fieldwork on small-scale organic farmers in California in urban and periurban settings. Results so far have indicated the merit of the recent organic food boom, as well as
problems of conventionalization. We have also continued our agroecological experimental studies incollaboration with scholars at the University of California, Berkeley.
III. Implementation, Outreach and Policy Proposal Group
This research group identifies, proposes and implements social and environmental activities consistent
with, and complementary to, research conducted by the two groups described above. In order toarticulate the activities of this group, we have reorganized the structure of this group thematicallyas follows: A) Promoting the Importance of Long-term Perspectives, B) Promoting Sustainable Fisheries,C) Promoting Sustainable Agriculture and Forestry, and D) Reviving Traditional Environmental Knowledge(TEK).
Activities related to Theme A include developing an Anthropocene curriculum with exhibitionand seminar seriesco-organized by the House of World Cultures (HKW), Berlin, and the Max Plank
Institute for the History of Science (MPWIG), Berlin. We are also in the process of collaborating withIHOPE (Integrated History and Future of People onEarth) to showcase our project as a case study for the
IHOPE webpage. Activities for Themes B and C are the logical extensions of sub-projects related toindigenous and other traditional communities in Group II. Activities for Theme D include seminars anduniversity classes about community gardens and urban organic farming in California by Prof. Miguel
Altieri at UC Berkeley and in Kyoto by Prof. Ichiro Motono of Seika University, and an eco-literacy
educational program with a focus on cherry salmon in the Hei River Area. Three workshops to link these
activities back to the theoretical discussion of this project were held in February and March.

○Project Members◎ HABU, Junko《Longue-Durée Group》
ABE, Chiharu( Research Institute for Humanity and Nature,Professor,Project Leader )( Dept. of Environment and Public Affairs, Hokkaido Government,Special
Researcher,Archaeology )53
Research Projects

ADACHI, Kaori
AGARWAL, Sabrina○ AMES, Kenneth

CRAWFORD, Gary
CREMA, Enrico R.

ERTL, John
○ FITZHUGH, Ben
GIBBS, Kevin
GRIER, ColinHERON, CarlINANO, Yusuke
ITO, Yumiko
JANIK, Liliana
KAMIJO, Nobuhiko
KANER, Simon
KANNO, Tomonori
KAWAHATA, Hodaka
KOIWA, Naoto
KOMIYA, Hajime
KRIGBAUM, John
KUSAKA, Soichiro○ LIGHTFOOT, Kent
LIU, Li
MADELLA, Marco
MAHER, Lisa
NAKAMURA, Oki
NARA, Takashi
NELSON, Peter
NEGISHI, Yo
NISHIDA, Yasutami
OHKI, Saori
ONISHI, Tomokazu

Research Projects

CUTHRELL, Rob

RIHN

CRAIG, Oliver( Research Institute for Humanity and Nature,Project Researcher,JapaneseArchaeology )( Dept. of Anthropology, University of California, Berkeley,Associate
Professor,Bio-Archaeology )( Dept. of Anthropology, Portland State University,Professor
Emeritus,Archaeology, Environmental Anthropology )( Dept. of Archaeology, University of York,Associate Professor,Biological
Archaeology )( Dept. of Anthropology, University of Toronto,Professor,Paleo-Ethnobotany )( McDonald Institute for Archaeological Research, University ofCambridge,Research Fellow,Archaeology )( Dept. of Anthropology, Aechaeological Research Facility, University ofCalifornia, Berkeley,Post-doctoral Researcher,Archaeology )( Foreign Language Education Center, Kanazawa University,Associate
Professor,Cultural Anthropology )( Dept. of Anthropology, University of Washington,Associate
Professor,Archaeology, Historical Ecology, Evolutionary Ecology )( Dept. of Anthropology, University of Nevada, Las Vegas,Visiting AssistantProfessor,Archaeology )( Dept. of Anthropology, Washington State University,Associate Professor,NorthPacific Archaeology )( British Museum,Director of Scientific Research,Isotope Analysis )( Former member of the Board of Education of Kitakami City,Archaeology )( Aomori Prefecture History Editing Section, Dept. of Environment and Public
Affairs, Aomori Prefectural Government,Paleo-Ethnobotany, Jomon Archaeology )( Dept. of Archaeology and Anthropology, University of Cambridge,Assistant
Director in Research,Humanities )( Faculty of Humanities, Cultural Properties, Hirosaki University,Associate
Professor,Archaeology )( Centre for Archaeology and Heritage, Sainsbury Institute for Japanese Arts andCultures,Head,Japanese Archaeology )( Archaeological Research Office, Tohoku University,Specially Appointed Associate
Professor,Japanese Archaeology )( Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute, University of Tokyo,Professor,Marine
Geochemistry )( Faculty of Education, Hirosaki University,Professor,Geography )( The Graduate University for Advanced Studies,Visiting
Researcher,Zooarchaeology )( Department of Anthropology, University of Florida,Associate
Professor,Bioarchaeology, Stable Isotope Analysis )( Museum of Natural and Environmental History, Shizuoka,Researcher,Physical
Anthropology )( Dept of Anthropology, University of California, Berkeley,Professor,Archaeology,
Historical Ecology, Cultural Ecology )( Dept. of East Asian Languages and Cultures, Stanford
University,Professor,Paleo-ethnobotany, East Asian Archaeology )( Dept. of Humanities, Pompeu Fabra University,Professor,Paleo-Environmental
Study, Archaeobotany )( Dept. of Anthropology, University of California, Berkeley,AssistantProfessor,Archaeology )( Ritsumeikan Global Innovation Research Organization Ritsumeikan
University,Professional Researcher,Japanese Archaeology )( Faculty of Medical Technology, Niigata University of Health andWelfare,Professor,Physical Anthropology )( Dept of Anthropology, University of California, Berkeley,Ph.D.
Candidate,Indigenous Archaeology, Paleoethnobotany, Historical Ecology )( Institute for Asian Studies and Regional Collaboration, Akita International
University,Assistant Professor,Japanese Archaeology )( Niigata Prefectural Museum,Manager,Japanese Archaeology )( Educational Board of Niiza City,Specialist,Archaeology )( Dept. of Humanistic and Cultural Science, International University ofKagoshima,Professor,Archaeology )54
RIHN Annual Report 2015

OWENS, Mio Katayama ( College of Natural Resources, University of California, Berkeley,Special
Assistant to the Dean,Anthropology of Food, Applied Anthropology )POPOV, Alexander N. ( Scientific Museum, Far Eastern Federal University,Director,Archaeology )SATO, Takao( Faculty of Literature, Keio University,Professor,Zoo-Archaeology )○ SAVELLE, James( Dept. of Anthropology, McGill University,Associate Professor,Archaeology,
Environmental Anthropology )SAWADA, Junmei( Faculty of Medical Technology, Niigata University of Health andWelfare,Associate Professor,Humanities )SAWAURA, Ryohei( Graduate School of Dentistry, Tohoku University,Ph.D. student,Zooarchaeology )SCHECHNER, Grant( Group in Asian Studies, University of California, Berkeley,MA
student,Archaeology )SHINKAI, Rika
( Research Institute for Humanity and Nature,Project Researcher,Zooarchaeology )TABAREV, Andrei( Russian Science of Academy,Senior Research Scientist,Russian Archaeology )TAKASE, Katsunori( Graduate School of Letters, Hokkaido University,Professor ofArchaeology,Archaeology )WEBER, Andrzej( Dept. of Anthropology, University of Alberta,Professor,East Asian Archaeology )○ WEBER, Steve( Dept. of Anthropology, Washington State University, Vancouver,Professor,PaleoEthnobotany, Environmental Archaeology )YAMAMOTO, Naoto( Faculty of Literature, Nagoya University,Professor,Japanese Archaeology )○ YONEDA, Minoru( University Museum, The University of Tokyo,Professor,Isotope Ecology )YOSHIDA, Akihiro( Faculty of Law, Economics and Humanities, Kagoshima University,Associate
Professor,Paleo-climatology )YOSHIDA, Yasuyuki( Center for Cultural Resource Studies, Kanazawa University,Visiting Associate
Professor,Japanese Archaeology )《Contemporary Society Group》
BALÉE, William( School of Liberal Arts, Tulane University,Professor,Historical Ecology )LockertFAWCETT, Clare( Dept. of Sociology and Anthropology,St. Francis Xavier University,Associate
Professor,Cultural Anthropology )FUKUNAGA, Mayumi( Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo,Associate
Professor,Cultural Anthropology )GOTO, Nobuyo( Dept. of Pharmacy, Ohu University,Lecturer,Political Economy )GOTO, Yasuo( Dept. of Economics, Fukushima University,Specially Appointed
Professor,Political Economy )HAMADA, Shingo( Faculty of Liberal Arts, Osaka Shoin Women's University,Full-time
Lecturer,Environmental Anthropology )○ HOSOYA, Leo Aoi( Centre for Global Human Resource Development, Ochanomizu
University,Lecturer,Paleo-Ethnobotany, Cultural Anthropology )○ IKEYA, Kazunobu( National Museum of Ethnology,Professor,Cultural Anthropology )ITO, Yumiko( Aomori Prefecture History Editing Section, Dept. of Environment and Public
Affairs, Aomori Prefectural Government,Paleo-Ethnobotany, Jomon Archaeology )KITAMURA, Sachi( Public Policy and Social Research Program, International Christian
University,Doctoral Student,Peace studies )○ NAITO, Daisuke( Research Institute for Humanity and Nature,FS Researcher,Political Ecology )OWENS, Mio Katayama ( College of Natural Resources, University of California, Berkeley,Associate
Professor,Anthropology of Food, Applied Anthropology )○ SLATER, David H.
( Faculty of Liberal Art, Sophia University,Associate Professor,Cultural
Anthropology )SCHNEIDER, Tsim
( Dept. of Anthropology, University of California, Santa Cruz,Associate
Professor,Archaeology )STERNSDORFF( Dept. of Anthropology, Southern Methodist University,Assistant Professor,Food
CISTERNA，Nicolas S.Culture, Seismology, Sociology )TAKAHASHI, Satsuki ( Sociology and Anthropology, George Mason University,AssistantProfessor,Environmental Anthropology )THORNTON, Thomas( Environmental Change Institute, University of Oxford,Associate Professor,Social
and Cultural Anthropology )YAMAGUCHI, Tomiko( College of Liberal Arts, International Christian University,Senior Associate
Professor,Sociology )YUMOTO, Takakazu( Primate Research Institute, Kyoto University,Professor,Ecology )55
Research Projects( Research Institute for Humanity and Nature,Project Research Associate )( Research Institute for Humanity and Nature,Project Research Associate )( Research Institute for Humanity and Nature,Project Research Associate )( Research Institute for Humanity and Nature,Project Research Associate )○ Future Themes
This academic year (FR3) is the final year of this three-year project. We plan to complete theremaining data analysis and publish the results of each sub-project in Group I (Longue-duree Group) andGroup II (Contemporary Society Group). All the sub-projects in Group I have completed data collection,and data analysis is currently in progress. Sub-projects in Group II will continue supplementary datacollection (primarily interviews) until Summer 2016.
Members of the sub-projects have been asked to incorporate discussions about how the levels ofdiversity, networks, local autonomy and scale of the economic activities were related to the resilienceof the local socioeconomic systems in their case studies. Based on these results, we will have a series
of workshops and symposia to further develop these discussions and link them to the broader theoreticalframeworks of historical ecology, resilience theory and debates on human-ecodynamics as well as toevaluate the validity of these frameworks.
Key project members to facilitate these discussions in Group I include, but are not limited to,
Kent Lightfoot, Ben Fitzhugh, Simon Kaner, James Savelle, Colin Grier, Enrico Crema, Hodaka Kawahata,
and Minoru Yoneda. A major goal of this process is to demonstrate that archaeological andpaleoenvironmental studies are relevant when thinking about global environmental issues in the
future. This will also lead to activating the discussion on the relevance of archaeological study inthe contemporary world.
For Group II, key players in our theoretical discussions include (again, are not limited to)William Balée, Thomas Thornton, Tomiko Yamaguchi, Mayumi Fukunaga, Satsuki Takahashi, and Leo Aoi
Hosoya. A challenge to this group has been to bridge the gap between those working on traditional
communities, including rural Japan and Native American communities, and those working on alternative
food production systems,including organic agriculture. Progress in our field research, however, hasrevealed that there are many similarities in the way in which both types of small-scale economies areconnected to the global economy, and that both types of case studies can be discussed in relation to
our key concepts when thinking about long-term human impacts on the environment and the resilience ofsocioeconomic systems.
As discussed above, we have reorganized the structure of Group III (Implementation, Outreach andPolicy Proposal Group) so that the contents will be more directly tied to the research activities ofthe first two groups. Research plans for this group include the continuation of the existing sub-Research Projects《Research Support》
KOBAYASHI, Yuko
OJIKA, Yukari
TAKEHARA, MariTOMII, Noriko

RIHN《Implementation, Outreach and Policy Proposal Group》○ ALTIERI, Miguel( Dept. of Environmental Science, Policy and Management, University ofCalifornia, Berkeley,Professor,Agroecology )□ CAPRA, Fritjof( Center for Ecoliteracy,Chair of the Board of Directors,Physics )CUTHRELL, Rob( Dept. of Anthropology, Aechaeological Research Facility, University ofCalifornia, Berkeley,Post-doctoral Researcher,Archaeology )IIZUKA, Noriko( Graduate School of Policy and Management, Doshisha
University,Ph.D.Student,Environmental Policy and Management )MATZEN, Sarick( Dep.of Environmental Science, Policy, and Management, University of California,
Berkeley,Post-doctoral Researcher,Environmental Ecology )MIZUTANI, Shimon( Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology,Ph.D. Student,Environmental
Ecology )MOTONO, Ichiro( Kyoto Seika University,Part-time Lecturer,Agriculture, Social Movement )○ NILES, Daniel( Research Institute for Humanity and Nature,Associate Professor,Human
Environmental Geography )PALLUD, Céline
( Dep.of Environmental Science, Policy, and Management, Berkeley, University ofCalifornia,Associate Professor,Environmental Ecology )○ SASAKI, Tsuyoshi( Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology,Associate Professor,Marine
Science, Ecoliteracy )SAWAGUCHI, Kayo
( NPO APAST,Assistant Director,Media presentation )56
RIHN Annual Report 2015

projects (e.g., agroecological programs by Miguel Altieri, Céline Pallud and Ichiro Motono, and theaquatic eco-literacy educational program at the Hei River Valley by Tsuyoshi Sasaki) and outreachactivities that function as logical extensions of several sub-projects in Groups I and II.

●Achievements○Books【Authored/Co-authored】

・Alessa, Lilian, Colin Grier, et al 2015,05 Best Practices for Integrating Social Sciences into Social
Ecological Systems Science: Future Directions for Building a More Resilient America . Center for
Resilient Communities, University of Idaho, 50pp.
【Chapters/Sections】

・Grier, Colin and Bill Angelbeck 2015,08 Tradeoffs in Coast Salish Social Action: Balancing Autonomy,
Inequality and Sustainability.” Ed. . . . . Cambridge, England. (Currently under review) . Michell
Hegmon (ed.) Tradeoffs in Archaeology. Cambridge World Archaeology. Cambridge University Press,
Cambridge, UK.(Currently under review)・Fitzhugh, Ben 2015,08 Going to School at Karluk One. Steffian, A. F.; Leist, M.; Haakanson Jr., S.;
Saltonstall, P. (ed.) Kal'unek From Karluk: Kodiak Alutiiq History and the Archaeology of the Karluk
One Village Site. University of Alaska Press, Fairbanks, AK.
○Papers【Original Articles】

・Adachi, Kaori 2015,04 Analysis of Jomon Pottery from the 1964 Excavation of Location B of the Saibana
Shell-Midden, Aomori Prefecture, Japan. Shigaku :569-599.(In Japanese).
・Altieri, M. and Nicholls, C. 2015,05 Agroecology and the design of climate change resilient farming
systems. Agronomy for Sustainable Development .
・Ames, Kenneth. M., M.P. Richards, C.F. Speller, D. Y. Yang, R. L. Lyman, and V.L. Butler 2015,05
Stable isotope and ancient DNA analysis of dog remains from Cathlapotle (45CL1), a contact-era siteon the Lower Columbia River. Journal of Archaeological Science 57 :268-282. DOI:10.1016/j.jas.
2015.02.038.
・Cooper, Kory, Kenneth M. Ames and Loren Davis 2015,11 Cooper and Prestige in the Greater Lower
Columbia Region, Northwestern North America. Journal of Northwest Anthropology 49(2) :143-166.(Inpress).
・Gakuhari, T., Komiya, H., Sawada, J., Anezaki, T., Sato, T., Kobayashi K., Ito, S., Kobayashi, K.,
Matsuzaki, H., Yoshida, K. and Yoneda, M 2015,08 Radiocarbon dating of one human and two dog burials
from the Kamikuroiwa rock shelter site, Ehime Prefecture. Anthropological Science 123(2) :87-94.
DOI:10.1537/ase.150309.(reviewed).
・Grier, Colin, Andrew Kliskey and Lilian Alessa 2015,11 Looking to the past to shape the future: Using
paleodata to address social-ecological change and sustainability. Regional Environmental Change .
・Isaji, Y., Kawahata, H.,Ohkouchi, N., Murayama, M., and Tamaki, K. 2015,10 Varying response to theIndian monsoon throughout the past 220 kyr in the inner and outer region of the Gulf of Aden
recorded in the deep-sea sediments. Journal Geophysical Research .
・Komiya, H., Sawada, J., Saeki, F. and T. Sato 2015,08 Morphological characteristics of buried dog
remains excavated from the Kamikuroiwa Rock Shelter site, Ehime Prefecture, Japan. Anthropological
Science 123(3) :73-85. DOI:10.1537/ase.150630.(reviewed).
・Masuda, R. and Sato T. 2015,08 Mitochondrial DNA analysis of the Jomon dogs from the Kamikuroiwa Rock
Shelter site in Shikoku and the Higashimyo site in Kyushu, Japan. Anthropological Science 123(2).
DOI:10.1537/ase.150111.(reviewed).

57
Research Projects

・Oishi, T., Hagiwara, M. 2015 A preliminary report on the distribution of freshwater fish of the Congoriver: Based on the observation of local markets in Brazzaville, Republic of the Congo . African
Study Monographs Supplementary Issue 51 :93-105.

・Sato, T., Hashimoto, M., Abe, Y. and Ando, H. 2015,08 Re-discovery of the oldest dog burial remains
in Japan. Anthropological Science 123(2) :99-105. DOI:10.1537/ase.150508.(reviewed).

・Thornton Thomas. F. and H. Kitka Sr. 2015 An Indigenous Model of a Contested Pacific Herring Fisheryin Siaka, Alaska. International Journal of Applied Geospatial Research 6(1) :94-117. DOI:10.4018/
ijagr.2015010106.
・Yoshida, Akihiro, Yuichiro Kudo, and Kazutaka Shimada 2015,05 Impact of landscape changes on obsidian
exploitation since the Paleolithic in the central highland of Japan. Vegetation History andArchaeobotany . DOI:10.1007/s00334-015-0534-y.
○Research Presentations【Oral Presentation】

・Adachi, Kaori and Saori Oki Diversity and Sustainability of Regional Communities in Northern Tohoku,
Japan, during the Middle-Late Jomon Periods. XIX INQUA 2015: Quaternary Perspectives on Climate
Change, Natural Hazards and Civilization, 2015,07,26-2015,08,02, Nagoya Convention Center, Nagoya.
・ Cuthrell, Rob An Integrative Historical ecological Approach to Reconstructing and Revitalizing
Indigenous Land Stewardship on the Central California Coast. UC Santa Cruz Environmental Studies
Seminar Series, 2015,11,09, UC Santa Cruz, CA, USA.
・Cuthrell, Rob Blending traditional knowledge and scientific research to revitalize Native stewardshipat Quiroste Valley Cultural Preserve. The 30th Annual California Indian Conference,
2015,10,15-2015,10,17, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA. (in Japanese)
・Cuthrell, Rob Healing Mother Earth Together: Building Partnerships to Improve Land Stweardship andPromoteCulturalRevitalization.
Symposium
atthe
California
IndianConference,
2015,10,15-2015,10,17, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA.
・ Dolan, Patrick and Colin Grier Simulation and Calibration of Radiocarbon Dates: Alternative
Approaches to Constructing Settlement Histories of Early Village Societies and an Application to an
early Hunter-gatherer Village in southwestern British Columbia. 80th Annual Meeting of the Society
for American Archaeology, 2015,04,16, San Francisco, CA, USA.
・Fitzhugh, Ben Exploring a coupled climate-ocean-human model for the late Holocene North Pacific Rim.
XIX INQUA 2015: Quaternary Perspectives on Climate Change, Natural Hazards and Civilization,
2015,07,26-2015,08,02, Nagoya Convention Center, Nagoya.
・Fitzhugh, Ben Human Adaptation to North Pacific Islands in the Context of Atmospheric and Oceanic
Variability. International Workshop “Climate Change and Food Diversity in the Past and Present:
Comparative Studies on the North Pacific and Atlantic Coasts ” , 2015,07,30, RIHN, Kyoto. (inJapanese)
・Fitzhugh, Ben Kodiak and the Kurils: A comparative approach to the sustainability of North Pacificmaritime hunter-gatherers. 11th Conference on Hunting and Gathering Societies (CHAGS),
2015,09,07-2015,09,11, University of Vienna, Austria. (in Japanese)・Fitzhugh, B., Yoneda, M., Habu, J., Taylor, J., Kamenov, G., Shinkai, R. and Krigbaum, J. Okhotsk
culture mobility in the context of maritime subsistence and seasonally frozen coasts. ESSAS Annual
Science Meeting "Scientific Challenges in a Changing Arctic&Subarctic", 2016,03,07-2016,03,09,
Yokohama World Porters, Yokohama.
・Grier, Colin, Eric McLay and Michael P. Richards In Twos and Threes: Dating Multiple Samples andMaterials to Address the Marine Reservoir Effect. 80th Annual Meeting of the Society for American
Archaeology, 2015,04,15-2015,04,19, San Francisco, CA, USA.

Research Projects

・Thornton, Thomas. F. 2015,04 The Ideology and Practice of Pacific Herring Cultivation among theTlingit and Haida. Human Ecology 43(2).

RIHN

・Sasaki, Tsuyoshi 2015 Self-Awareness at International Pacific Marine Educators Conference 2014 Japan.
The Journal of Marine Education 29(2) :12 -17.

58
RIHN Annual Report 2015

・Habu, Junko Human Ecodynamics and Their Changes in Prehistoric Japan: Food Diversity, Climate Change
and Long-term Sustainability of Hunter-Gatherer System. International Union for Quaternary Research
Congress, 2015,07,26-2015,08,02, Nagoya Convention Center, Nagoya.
・Hamada, S., Thornton, T., Shinkai, R. and Habu, J. Economies in the North Pacific. ESSAS Annual
Science Meeting "Scientific Challenges in a Changing Arctic&Subarctic", 2016,03,06-2016,03,06,
Yokohama World Porpers, Yokoama.
・ Hosoya, Leo Aoi, Oki Nakamura, Shinji Seguchi, Ayako Shibutani Japanese Jomon Hunter-Gatheres ’
Subsistence and Society: Chronological shifts in subsistence strategies on the basis of local
characteristics of north Tohoku area. 11th Conference on Hunting and Gathering Societies (CHAGS),
2015,09,07-2015,09,11, University of Vienna, Austria. (in Japanese)・ Iizuka, Noriko, Ken-ichi Abe, Yuri Miyake, Kana Iwata Learning the Water, People and Diversity
inspired by the UNEP Children’s Paintings on the Environment. 26th Annual Meeting of the JapaneseSociety of Environmental Education, 2015,08,22-2015,08,23, Nagoya City University, Nagoya. (inJapanese)
・Kawahata, Hodaka Environmental change and its influence on human society in Japan during the last3000 years. XIX INQUA 2015: Quaternary Perspectives on Climate Change, Natural Hazards andCivilization, 2015,07,26-2015,08,02, Nagoya Convention Center, Nagoya, Japan.
・ Khenzykhenova, F. and Sato, T Ecosystem analysis of Baikal Siberia using Paleolithic faunalassemblages to reconstruct MIS3-MIS2 environments and Climates. XIX INQUA Congress: Quaternary
Perspectives on Climate Change, Natural Hazards and Civilization, 2015,07,26-2015,08,02, Nagoya
Convention Center, Japan.
・Lightfoot, Kent, Nick Tipon, Peter Nelson, Rob Cuthrell, Roberta Jewett, Paul Engel, Michael Grone,
and Gabriel Sanchez Recent Research on Indigenous Landscape Management Practices in Point Reyes
National Seashore. The 30th Annual California Indian Conference, 2015,10,15-2015,10,17, Universityof California, Berkeley, CA, USA.
・ Matzen Sarick, Anders Olson, Céline Pallud Effects of fertilizer on arsenic accumulation in a
hyperaccumulating fern: A two year phytoremediation field study. Soil Science Society of America,
2015,11,15-2015,11,18, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
・ Matzen, Sarick, Anders Olson, Céline Pallud Optimizing arsenic phytoextraction from an urban
brownfield: A two year field study. Goldschmidt Conference, 2015,08,16-2015,08,21, Prague, Czech
Republic.
・Sasaki, Tsuyoshi Building process of Forest River Ocean MANABI Network System. 2015 Annual Meeting of
Ichthydogical Society of Japan, 2015,09,04-2015,09,07, Kingrai University Nara Campus, Nara-City.
(in Japanese)・Shinoto, Maria, Tomokazu Onishi, Radegund Hoffbauer, Michael Raith, Johannes Sterba, Ute Knipprath,
Naoko Nakamura, Kenji Kanegae Understanding the structure of Sueki kilns from comprehensive
scientific analyses: Report on the excavation and analyses at the Nakadake Sanroku Sue Kiln Site
Cluster in Minami-Satsuma, Kagoshima. The 32nd Annual Meeting of the Japan Society for Scientific
Studies on Cultural Property, 2015,07,11-2015,07,12, Tokyo Gakugei University, Tokyo.
・Sasaki, Tsuyoshi Development Process of Watershed Resilient Community After 3.11 Japan Earthquake.
2015 National Marine Educators Association, 2015,06,29-2015,07,02, Newport, Rhode Island, USA.
・Savelle, James Prehistoric and Early Historic Whaling. The 11th Conference on Hunting and Gathering
Societies (CHAGS), 2015,09,07-2015,09,11, University of Vienna, Austria.
・ Schneider. D. Tsim After the Missions: Rethinking Native Communities in Colonial Marin County,
California. The 30th Annual California Indian Conference, 2015,10,15-2015,10,17, University ofCalifornia, Berkeley, CA, USA.
・ Sternsdorff-Cisterna, Nicolas Healing the Land: Farming after Fukushima. American Anthropology
Association Annual Meeting, 2015,11,18-2015,11,22, Denver, Colorado.
・Yamamoto, Naoto Jomon wetland sites on the east coast of the Noto Peninsula, Central Japan. XIX INQUA
2015:
Quaternary
Perspectiveson
ClimateChange,NaturalHazards
andCivilization,
2015,07,26-2015,08,02, Nagoya Convention Center, Nagoya, Japan.

59
Research Projects

・Yano, Kenichi, Oki Nakamura The Jomon of western Japan and European Mesolithic parallels: a Database
Project and Study for Demographic Fluctuation. Mesolithic in Europe Conference, The Ninth
International Conference on the Mesolithic in Europe, 2015,09,14-2015,09,18, University of Belgrade,
Belgrade, Serbia.

・Fitzhugh, Ben, C. Bitz, K. Nagashima, J. Addison, B. Finney, N. Misarti, N. Harada, M. Etnier, C.
West, and P. Anderson Holocene climate change and human adaptations to seasonally frozen seas andcoastsoftheN.
Pacific.
Ecosystem
StudiesofSubarctic
Seas,
AnnualMeeting,
2015,06,15-2015,06,17, University of Washington, WA.
・ Onishi, Tomokazu, Naoko Nakamura, Tomoe Sangawa Edible plants detected from researches of seed
impressions on thepotteries at the periphery area of Kofun culture. The 32th Annual Meeting of theJapanese Association of Historical Botany, 2015,11,08, Hokkaido Museum, Sapporo.
・Sawaura, R., Sawada, J., Sato, T., Hirasawa, Y., Watanabe, T., Suzuki, T. and Natra, T. The Upper
Paleolithic mammal remains and estimation of hunting seasons in the Shitsukari-Abe Cave, thenorthernmost part of Honshu, Japan. XIX INQUA 2015: Quaternary Perspectives on Climate Change,
Natural Hazards and Civilization, 2015,07,26-2015,08,02, Nagoya Convention Center, Japan..
・Takahara, Hikaru, Ryoma Hayashi, Yaeko Igarashi, Arata Momohara, Nao Miyake, Naoki Sasaki, Shinya
Sugita, Yoshihiko Tsumura, Akihiro Yoshida Vegetation map during the Last Glacial Maximum inJapanese Islands and its vicinity based on recent palaeoecological and genetic data. XIX INQUA 2015:
Quaternary Perspectives on Climate Change, Natural Hazards and Civilization, 2015,07,26-2015,08,02,
Nagoya Convention Center, Nagoya, Japan.
【Invited Lecture / Honoronary Lecture / Panelist】

・Habu, Junko Food Diversity and Long-term Sustainability, Lesson from Prehistoric Japan. Guanghua
Humanity Foundation Academic Exchange Seminar, 2015,06,02, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
・Habu, Junko Graduate Education in North America: Training a New Generation of Scholars in the Fieldof Archaeology, Anthropology, and Related Fields. Guanghua Humanity Foundation Academic Exchange
Seminar, 2015,06,01, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
・ Habu, Junko Jomon Food Diversity, Climate Change and Long-term Sustainability: Lessons from
Prehistoric Japan. , 2016,01,28, Willamette University, Oregon, USA.
・ Habu, Junko Jomon Food Diversity, Climate Change and Long-term Sustainability: Lessons from
Prehistoric Japan. , 2016,02,04, Arizona State University, USA.
・Hosoya, Leo Aoi Reconstructing Food Culture and the Society: The frontiers of archaeobotany andethnoarchaeology of East Asian Neolithic. 54th Evolutional Biology Forum, 2015,09,21, Minzu
University of China, Beijing, China.
・Iizuka, Noriko, Ken-ichi Abe Educating Civil Society in Water Ethics . Mainstreaming a New Water
Ethic, Water Cultures, Justice and Equity (Theme 4.4), The 7th World Water Forum,
2015,04,12-2015,04,17, EXCO DIB-B102, Daegu, Korea.
・Iizuka, Noriko, Ken-ichi Abe Education for Children on Culture and Equity for Water. Citizen's Forum,
The 7th World Water Forum, 2015,04,12-2015,04,17, HICO GHC106, Gyeongju, Korea. .
・ Kawahata, Hodaka Environments experienced by our ancestors: the dispersal of Homo sapiens,
immigration to Japanese islands and pollution at an ancient capital city. The 2nd China-Japan Joint
Forum on Geochemistry and Cosmochemistry, 2015,09,24, .
・Kawahata, Hodaka Quantitative reconstruction of atmospheric temperature and its correlation withhuman activity in western Japan during the Holocene. The 8th International Congress of Asian Marine
Geology, 2015,10,05-2015,10,10, Cheju Grand Hotel, Cheju, Korea.

Research Projects【Poster Presentation】

RIHN

・Yoshida, Akihiro, Yuichiro Kudo, Kazutaka Shimada, Jun Hashizume, Akira Ono Impact of landscapechanges on obsidian exploitation since the Paleolithic in the central highland of Japan. XIX INQUA
2015:
Quaternary
Perspectiveson
ClimateChange,NaturalHazards
andCivilization,
2015,07,26-2015,08,02, Nagoya Convention Center, Nagoya, Japan.

60
RIHN Annual Report 2015

・Kawahata. Hodaka Mass extinction in association with the high pCO2 at the P/E boundary and in near
future due to ocean acidification based upon filed observation and culture experiments. GSK-Korea
Society of Mineral Resources and Petroleum Engineering Joint Session, 2015,10,28-2015,10,20, Cheju
Mariott Hotel, Cheju, Korea.
・Onishi, Tomokazu Haniwa in Southern Kyushu. The 30th National Cultural Festival in Kagoshima, Yokose
kofun and Yamato plity, 2015,11,01, Osaki-Cho, Kagoshima. (in Japanese)
・Pallud, Céline, Sarick Matzen, Anders Olson Effect of soil texture on phytoremediation of arseniccontaminated soils. American Geophysical Union, December 2015, San Francisco, CA, USA.
・Takahashi, Satsuki Fukushima Future: Nuclear Disaster and Politics of Tomorrow in Coastal Japan.
Socio Cultural Workshop, 2015,10,29, The University of Michigan, MI, USA.
・ Takahashi, Satsuki The Ontology of Fukushima Future. The STS Speaker Series, 2015,11,30, The
University of Michigan, MI, USA.
・Weber, Andrzej.W. The importance of units of analysis in archaeology. Graduate student seminar,
2015,10,21, Department of Anthropology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada. .
・Weber, Andrzej. W. Holocene hunter–gatherers of Cis-Baikal (Siberia): An individual life history andmicro-sampling. , 2015,07,10, LAMPEA, Aix Marseille Université, Aix-en-Provence, France.

61
Research Projects

Stage: Full Research
Project No.: H-05

Abbreviated Title:
Project Leader: NAKATSUKA Takeshi
URL:
Key Words:○ Research Subject and Objectivesa) Research objectives and background
When we confront rapid environmental and/or climatic changes, what should we do? The most important
subject in global environmental studies is not only to find methods for mitigating the changes,but also
to ascertain ways to adapt to them. This project will seek ways to adapt from Japan’s long history
through precise reconstructions of past abrupt climate changes and subsequent responses of humansociety. By categorizing historical society–climate relations and synthesizing findings from many casestudies, the objective of this project is to describe general social characteristics or modes
associated with tolerance or vulnerability to abrupt changes.
To date, many paleoclimatologists and historians have stated the possibility that past changes insocieties and civilizations might have been caused by climate changes based on the apparent coincidence
between societal reformation and climate change (Yoshida and Yasuda, 1995; Fagan 2001, 2008; Diamond
2005;Parker 2013). Especially, recent paleoclimatological studies using tree ring and speleothem
records have revealed the tight relations prevailing between the multi-decadal climate variability andthe collapse of regional societies allover the world (Zhang et al., 2008; Buckley et al., 2010, Cook etal., 2004;2010). “Climate variations in the past” obviously differ from “human-induced environmental
problems”. However, we think that social responses to “climate changes”, especially to multi-decadal
climate variation, have the same characteristics as those to “global environmental change”. Humansocieties often rely excessively on particular resources or technologies such as petroleum or nuclear
power. Therefore, it is not easy for people to adapt to the world that is losing such resources andtechnologies.Similarly, human societies that have used to particular climate conditions leading toabundant crops for more than a few decades cannot adapt to drastic climate change easily. Common
structures of “over adaptation” and “consequential failure of adaptation” must exist for global
environmental problems and many historical examples of society–climate relations.
b) Research methods and organization
This project consists of three research steps. (1) Reconstruction and understanding of past climate
variations during last several millennia over Japan in high temporal and spatial resolutions. (2)Categorization of society–climate relations by detailed chronological comparisons between climate andsocietal events. (3) Identification of common characteristics underlying tolerance and vulnerability ofhuman societies against climate change beyond ages and areas.
Recent progress in studies of tree-ring width and cellulose oxygen isotope ratios (Cook et al., 2013;
Yamaguchi et al., 2010;Li et al., 2011; Sano et al., 2012; 2013; Xu et al., 2011; 2013a; 2013b) allows
accurate reconstruction of past climate variation at annual resolution in East Asia and Japan. In thisproject, high-resolution palaeoclimate data based on tree ring, documents, sediments, coral ring andspeleothem are integrated to ensure the accuracy of climate reconstructions in and around Japan. The
reconstructed past climate data have been evaluated together with modern climate analysts and modellers
to understand modes and mechanisms of climate variations in the past.
Comparisons of the high-resolution paleoclimate data sets with huge numbers of paleographic andarchaeological archives in Japan do not only enable us to elucidate cause-and-effect relationships whenclimate apparently influenced the societies,but also allow us to find cases when societies did notleave any significant signs due to climate variation. To categorize and integrate numerous cases of

Research Projects

Research Axis:

RIHN

Project Name: Historical Adaptation to Climate Change in Japan: Integrating Palaeoclimatological Data and Archaeological
Evidence

62
RIHN Annual Report 2015

climate-society relationships in Japanese history, we utilize both “narrative ” and “ statistical”
approaches. While many members of historians and archaeologists in this project, covering all periods
since Jomon to modern eras and all regions from southwest to northeast Japan, study individual cases ofsocietal reaction to climate variation by traditional historical and archaeological methods, allindividual cases are categorized statistically according to quantitative relationships between climate
variation (cause) and societal outcome (result). Sizes of the climate impact on society, shown asratios of the result against the cause, are further compared with varieties of social, economic andcultural parameters (factors),enhancing or reducing of climate impact on societies, to find common
factors determining societal tolerance or vulnerability against climate change.
Until FR2, we have accumulated many high resolutions paleoclimate data sets,especially summer
precipitation recorded by tree-ring oxygen isotope ratios,from various areas in Japan and Asia covering
last 4,000 years. Those are enough for historians and archaeologists in this project to startinvestigations of societal responses to climate variations using local archives and/or nation-wide
databases on historical events including climate disasters. On the other hand,we are now collecting andcompiling many documentary records on inter-annual variations in local population, harvest, price,
conflict, irrigation and flood controls as well as archaeological estimations on population,
production, water control and warfare all over Japan, which are to be statistically compared with past
climate data unravelled using proxy records during FR3 and 4.
By combination of the narrative and statistical approaches, we will elucidate characteristics or modes
associated with social tolerance or vulnerability against climate changes and propose comprehensive
ways to adapt to global environmental changes, including global warming.

○ Progress and Results in 2015
Because of the difficulty to mitigate global warming by reduction of CO2 emission, attentions have been
increasingly paid to researches how we can adapt to the climate change (IPCC AR5 WG2, 2014).The
adaptation strategy is not only based on technological and institutional innovations, but also coveringsocio-cultural transformation including changesin people’s beliefs, values and worldviews (O’Brien and
Selboe, 2015). In human history, abrupt climate variations frequently occurred over the world. Because
local people must have adapted to the climate, often resulting in collapse, but sometimes overcoming
the difficulty, it is likely that we can learn many important lessons on the adaptation from history.
However, previous studies on historical climate-society relations seem too ambiguous to ascertain
cause-and-effect relationships partly due to dating uncertainties and insufficient paleoclimate data
(Butzer, 2012; Hsiang et al., 2013). As the result, they do not find explicitly positive cases thatclimate changes did not influence societies seriously.
We started this project from reconstructing past climate in annual time resolution as precise as
possible.Then, we compare the result with plenty of historical and archaeological evidences in Japan toelucidate both of positive and negative cases of the adaptation. Here, we will explain achievements ineach of the three steps as follows.
Progress in Step 1: Reconstruction of Climate Variation
During FS, PR and FR1-2, we have established very long temperature and precipitation records over Japan
mainly in summer, important for agricultural production (Fig. 2a&b). Although tree-ring based annual
temperature records are still limited after 800 AD, sediment (alkenone)-based reconstruction over last3000 years coincides well with tree-ring based temperature. Early modern historians have collaborated
with climatologists to compile many diary weather reports and successfully elucidated climate during
17-19th centuries from diary to annual time resolution.
Clue to Step 2: Categorization of Climate-Society Relation
By comparison of newly obtained paleoclimate data with existing database of historical events andpopulation inJapan, we have realized that there are apparent coincidences between multi-decadal climate
variations and societal responses for all of early modern, medieval and prehistorical-ancient periods.
The 10-20 years length of warmth often resulted in serious famines at following abrupt coolingepisodes, possibly understandable by the scheme of a cycle consisting of over-adaptation to comfortable

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Research Projects

climate and failure of adaptation to subsequent difficult climate. This finding indicates that it isworth investigating and comparing of many cases on societal responses against those multi-decadal
climate variations beyond ages and areas.

○Project Members◎ NAKATSUKA, Takeshi○ SANO, Masaki( Research Institute for Humanity and Nature,Professor,Leader of the wholeproject )( Research Institute for Humanity and Nature,Senior Project Researcher,Sub leadrof the whole project )Group of Paleoclimatology○ YASUE, Koh( Shinshu University,Associate Professor,Dendroclimatological and wood anatomical
analyses in Japan and Asia )○ ABE, Osamu( Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Nagoya University,AssistantProfessor,Coral analyses in Southwest Japan )MITSUTANI, Takumi( Nara National Research Institute for Cultural Properties,Visiting
Researcher,Age determination of cultural properties in Japan using tree ringwidth )SAKAMOTO, Minoru( National Museum of Japanese History,Professor,Age determination of paleoclimate
proxy materials using radiocarbon )KAGAWA, Akira( Forest and Forest Products Research Institute,Researcher,Development ofanalytical methods for isotopic ratios of tree-ring samples )FUJITA, Koji
( Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Nagoya University,Associate
Professor,Analyses of ice cores in Central Asia )XU, Chenxi( Institute of Geology and Geophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences,Associate
Professor,Dendroclimatological and dendroarchaeological analyses using isotopes
in Japan and Southeast Asia )MORIMOTO, Maki
( Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Nagoya University,Part-time
Researcher,Coral analyses in Southwest Japan )KIMURA, Katsuhiko( Faculty of Symbiosis Systems Science, Fukushima University,Professor,Dating of
excavated wooden properties during Jomon, Yayoi and Kohun Era )YOKOYAMA, Yusuke( Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute, University of Tokyo,Professor,Coral,
tree ring and varve sediment analyses in Japan and Asia )TADA, Ryuji( Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo,Professor,Analyses of Varve
Sediments in lake Suigetsu, Central Japan )KUBOTA, Yoshimi( National Museum of Nature and Science,Researcher,Paleoceanographic analyses
around Japan using ocean sediment records )TAGAMI, Takahiro( Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University,Professor,Tree-ring and speleothem
analyses in Japan and Southeast Asia )WATANABE, Yumiko( Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University,Assistant Professor,Speleothem
analyses in Japan and Southeast Asia )TAKEUCHI, Nozomi( Graduate School of Science, Chiba University,Professor,Analyses of ice cores inCentral Asia )ZAIKI, Masumi( Faculty of Economy, Seikei University,Associate Professor,Analyses of climatechanges in Japan using old documentary records )HIRANO, Jumpei( Teikyo University,Lecturer,Analyses of climate changes in Japan using old
documentary records )Research Projects

Historical and archaeological members have already studied individual cases of societal reaction toclimate variation by traditional narrative approach. Besides in this project, a conceptual model is now
planned to be applied to quantitative analyses of relations between climate variation (cause) andsocietal outcome (result) for all those cases to categorize magnitude of the climate impact on society
at each case. The size of impact shown as the ratio of “result” against “cause”, are further comparedwith various social, economic and cultural parameters (possible factors), enhancing or reducing ofclimate impact on societies, to find common factors determining societal tolerance or vulnerability
against climate change.

RIHN

Strategies of Step 2 & 3: Categorization and Integration of Climate-Society Relation

64
RIHN Annual Report 2015

TAIRA, Hideaki
SHO, Kenjiro
LI, Zhen
HAKOZAKI, Masataka
LI, Qiang
KAWAHATA, Hodaka
SAKASHITA, Wataru
HISAMOCHI, Ryo
TSUSHIMA, Akane

Group of Climatology○ YOSHIMURA, Kei○ KURITA, Naoyuki
UEMURA, Ryu
WATANABE, Masahiro
ICHINO, Mika
OKAZAKI, Atsushi
TORIDE, Kinya( Tateyamasugi Research Institute,Director,Analyses of human-forest relationshipduring last two millennia in mountainous area )( Urban & Social Engineering, Nagoya Institute of Technology,AssistantProfessor,Assessment of hydrological impacts of past climate change )( Research Institute for Humanity and Nature,Research Associate,Reconstruction of
past hydroclimate in Japan using tree-ring oxygen isotope ratios )( National Museum of Japanese History,Specially Appointed AssistantProfessor,Reconstruction of past climate in Japan using tree-ring width, density
and oxygen isotope ratios )( Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Science,Associate
Professor,Reconstruction of past climate in China using tree-ring width, density
and oxygen isotope ratios )( Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute, University ofTokyo,Professor,Reconstruction of past climate in Japan using inland sedimentcores )( Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo,Graduate Student,Reconstructionof past climate in Japan using tree-ring oxygen isotope ratios )( Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University,Graduate Student,Reconstruction of
past climate in Japan using stalactite carbon and oxygen isotope ratios )( Research Institute for Humanity and Nature,Project Researcher,Reconstruction of
past climate in Japan using tree-ring oxygen isotope ratios and analyses of ice
cores in Central Asia )( Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute, University of Tokyo,Associate
Professor,Evaluation of proxy isotope data using general circulation models withisotope dynamics )( Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Nagoya University,Associate
Professor,Climatological assessment of proxy oxygen isotope data )( Faculty of Science, Ryukyu University,Associate Professor,Observation of
spatial and temporal variability of precipitation isotope ratios )( Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute, University of Tokyo,Associate
Professor,Climatological evaluation of past climate variations based on proxyrecords )( Meiji University,Part-time Lecturer,Database construction and utilization on
old diary weather records )( School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo,Graduate Student,Evaluation ofproxy isotope data using general circulation models with isotope dynamics )( University of California, Davis,Graduate Student,General circulation modelingwith assimilation of weather records in old diaries )Group of Prehistorical & Ancient Era○ WAKABAYASHI,( History Museum, Doshisha University,Associate Professor,Analyses of social
Kunihikoadaptations to climate changes during Yayoi Era )○ HIGAMI, Noboru( Aichi Prefectural Center for Archaeological Operations,Expert ofInvestigation,Analyses of excavated wooden properties during Yayoi and Kohun
Era )MURAKAMI, Yumiko( The Kyoto University Museum,Associate Professor,Analyses of excavated wooden
properties during Yayoi and Kohun Era )MATSUGI, Takehiko( National Museum of Japanese History,Professor,Analyses of social responses toclimate changes during Yayoi and Kofun Era, focusing on human population
dynamics )AKATSUKA, Jiro
( Ancient Niwanosato Cultural Heritage Network,President,Analyses of social
adaptations to climate changes during Yayoi Era )IMAZU, Katsunori( Graduate School of Humanities and Social Sciences,Okayama
University,Professor,Analyses of population responses to climate changes inancient period using document records )FUJIO, Shin-ichiro ( National Museum of Japanese History,Professor,Analyses of social responses toclimate changes during Jomon and Yayoi Era )YAMADA, Masahisa( Graduate School of Humanity, Tokyo Metropolitan University,Professor,Analysesof excavated wooden properties during Jomon, Yayoi and Kohun Era )INOUE, Tomohiro( Osaka Center for Cultural Heritage,Expert of Investigation,Analyses of social
responses to climate changes during Yayoi and Middle Age )65
Research Projects

KANEDA, Akihiro
MURAKAMI, Mayuko
BATTEN, Bruce

ONBE, ShinGroup of Medieval Era○ TAMURA, Noriyoshi○ MIZUNO, Shoji
ITO, Keisuke
SHIMIZU, Katsuyuki
NISHIYACHI, Seibi
TAKAGI, Tokuroh
ITO, Toshikazu
SASO, Mamoru
TSUCHIYAMA, Yushi( Faculty of Humanity, Beppu University,Professor,Analyses of social responses tosevere events of flood and drought during periods of Muromachi and provincial
wars )( School of Human Culture, The University of Shiga Prefecture,Professor,Analysesof social adaptation to hydroclimate variability during Kamakura and Muromachi
periods. )( Research Institute for Humanity and Nature,Project Researcher,Relationshipbetween economy and climate during Medieval period )( School of Commerce, Meiji University,Professor,Analyses of social response to
climate changes from the Muromachi period to the age of provincial wars )( Faculty of Letters Nara Women’s University,Professor,Analyses of agricultural
adaptation to climate change during Medieval warm period )( Faculty of Education, Waseda University,Professor,Analyses of environmental
adaptation in manor and village )( Faculty of Human Studies, Meijo University,Professor,Analyses of societal
responses against climate variation in Japan during Medieval period )( Faculty of Shinto Studies, Kokugakuin University,Professor,Relationship between
climate variations and spatio-temporal distributions of archaeological remains )( Graduate School of Letters, Arts and Sciences, Waseda University,Graduate
Student,Impact analyses of climate disasters against Medieval manors )Group of Early Modern Era○ SATO, Daisuke( International Research Institute of Disaster Science, Tohoku
University,Associate Professor,Historical analyses of social responses against
natural disasters )○ WATANABE, Koichi( National Institute of Japanese Literature,Professor,Urban adaptation to heavy
flood events at Edo during modern age. )KAMATANI, Kaoru( Research Institute for Humanity and Nature,Project Researcher,Changes inlivelihood pattern against climate change including fishery around lake Biwa
during modern age )KIKUCHI, Isao
( Miyagi Gakuin Women’s University,Professor,Social responses against great
famines in Northeast Japan during modern age )NAKAYAMA, Tomihiro ( Graduate School of Letters, Hiroshima University,Professor,Changes inlivelihood pattern during modern age in Southwest Japan )HIRANO, Tetsuya( Tokiwa University,Associate Professor,Societal responses to climate change
during modern age at local villages in East Japan )SATO, Hiroyuki( Faculty of Education, Kagoshima University,Associate Professor,Societal
responses to climate change during modern age in Southernmost Japan. )OGI, Shin-ichiro( Faculty of Humanities, Kochi university,Professor,Societal responses to climatechange during modern age in Southern Japan. )TAKEI, Koichi( Faculty of Law and Letters, University of the Ryukyus,Associate
Professor,Societal responses to climate change during modern age in Northern
Japan )
TAKAHASHI, Miyuki( Faculty of Economics, Rissho University,Associate Professor,Analyses of
population dynamics in northeast Japan during Early Modern period )YAMADA, Kosei( Okinawa International University,Part-time Lecturer,Societal responses toclimate change during modern age in southwest islands of Japan )Research Projects

IKUTA, Atsushi

RIHN

KOBAYASHI, Kenichi( Nara National Research Institute for Cultural,Chief Researcher,Analyses ofsocial responses to climate changes during Ancient Age )( Graduate School of Arts and Letters, Tohoku University,Researcher,Analyses ofsocial responses to climate changes during Ancient Age )( Graduate School of International Studies, J. F. Oberlin
University,Dean,Analyses of social responses to climate changes during Japanese
History )( Faculty of Letters, Chuo University,Professor,Dating of excavated wooden
properties during Jomon, Yayoi and Kohun Era )( Kumakogen Town Board of Education,Curator,Analyses of archaeological remains in
the Seto Inland Sea during Jomon Era )( Division of Academic Affairs, Ryukoku University,Part-time Lecturer,Comparison
between descriptions in Nihon-Shoki, the oldest Japanese historical literature,and proxy-based paleoclimate records )66
RIHN Annual Report 2015

TAKATSUKI, Yasuo
MURA, Kazuaki
BROWN, Philip C.
ENDO, Takahiro
KORIYAMA, Shiho( Research Institute for Economics and Business Administration, Kobe
University,Associate Professor,Analyses of market pricing in Early Modern Japan )( Mitsui Bunko,Chief Researcher,Analyses of market pricing in Early Modern
Japan )( College of Arts & Sciences, Department of History, The Ohio State
University,Professor,Analyses of landownership in Japan during Early Modern
period )( Osaka Prefecture University,Associate Professor,Societal responses to climatechange during modern age in central Japan )( Kasai City Board of Education,Part-time Researcher,Estimate of climate impacts
in Early Modern feudal domains )○ Future Themes
In this project, we plan to use a conceptual model for analysing quantitatively influences of climate
variation on societal outcome and factors to determine magnitude of the impacts, in combination withthe traditional narrative analyses by historians and archaeologists. To make those statistical analyses
fruitful, it is necessary to collect data as many as possible. In fact, candidates of possible
factors linking climate and society can be expanded to any socio-cultural properties, so that we needto find and create various historical databases during FR3 and 4.
Perspective of Data Collection
As for the data of climate variation (cause), we will reconstruct past summer temperature in annual
time resolution before 800 AD quickly using newly obtained tree-ring samples in northern Japan, because
tree-ring width and density in cold region are usually sensitive of summer temperature and spatial
patterns in tree-ring oxygen isotope ratios may be also helpful to reconstruct past atmosphericpressure fields directly influencing summer temperature. We will apply “ agricultural production ”(effect), instead of “temperature” or “precipitation” (cause), to estimate the impact of climate
variation to society because the agricultural impact of climate variations are different from region toregion even within Japan. We will utilize the yearly crop yield estimation in early modern tax accounts(Menjyo) sent to each village from local lord and the direct measurement records of rice grain yield ina unit area (Tsubokari) as well as the modern agricultural statistics provided by Japanese Ministry ofAgriculture, Forestry and Fishery to create equations for conversion of regional temperature andprecipitation changes to potential changes in agricultural production there. There are tightcorrelations between rice yields and climate (temperature and precipitation) in eastern and westernJapan, respectively.
As for the societal outcome (result), there are many reliable regional and local population datasets
during early modern period (17-19th century), such as a national census every six years conducted by
Tokugawa Shogunate and yearly village people register of religious faith and relationship (Shumon
Aratame Cho) all over Japan. Although there are very few reliable documentary records on population
before 16th century, archaeologists have been estimating local populations based on number of regional
habitat and grave remains during last three millennia. Archaeological approach is extended toestimation of warfare frequency too, using excavated number of battle gears and injured bones. During
medieval period from 9 to 16th centuries, we can utilize various kinds of digitalized database onpalaeography by which we can illustrate temporal variations in number of famine and warfare per year.
As for the possible underlying factors to enhance or reduce the impact of climate variation tosocieties, we cannot foresee all potential factors at present. However, we have already compiled priceof commodities, such as rice, at daily resolution during 18-19th century. Now, we are trying to collectvarious societal, economic, political and cultural data, which can cover many regions and/or periods,
such as degree of market reliance by local government, amount of anti-famine public stock, number ofliterature publication, frequency of new law installation, establishment number of school, people’s
literacy rates, religious distributions and so on.
Expected Results
Although we cannot anticipate detailed result of the statistical analyses at present, there arepotentially important ages and areas for the analyses as follows.
Regional difference of coldness impacts in northeast Japan during early modern era.

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Research Projects

People in northeast Japan suffered from periodical cooling and resultant crop failure in 18 and19thcenturies. However, size of damages was completely different among local feudal domains, possiblyreflecting the difference of socio-economic policies.

Behind the three cases, there may be a common factor that is spatial connectivity between different
regions through economy and/or politics. The comparative historical analyses by both narrative andstatistical approaches beyond areas and ages may solve the questions.

●Achievements○Books【Chapters/Sections】

・Bruce L. Batten, Philip C. Brown 2015,04 Concluding Thoughts: In the Shadow of 3.11. Bruce L. Batten,
Philip C. Brown (ed.) Environment and Society in the Japanese Islands: From Prehistory to thePresent. Oregon State University Press, Oregon, U.S.A., pp.246-252.
・Bruce L. Batten, Philip C. Brown 2015,04 Introduction: Green Perspectives on the Japanese Past. Bruce
L. Batten, Philip C. Brown (ed.) Environment and Society in the Japanese Islands: >From Prehistory
to the Present. Oregon State University Press, Oregon, U.S.A., pp.1-18.
・T.Mikami, M. Zaiki, J. Hirano 2015,04 Chapter 10 A history of climatic change: a reconstruction of
meteorological trends from documentary evidence. Bruce L. Batten, Philip C. Brown (ed.) Environment
and Society in the Japanese Islands: From Prehistory to the Present. Oregon State University Press,
Oregon, U.S.A., pp.191-212.
○Editing【Editing / Co-editing】

・Bruce L. Batten, Philip C. Brown (ed.) 2015,04 Environment and Society in the Japanese Islands: From
Prehistory to the Present. Oregon State University Press, Oregon, U.S.A.,○Papers【Original Articles】

・Chenxi Xu, Huaizhou Zheng, Takeshi Nakatsuka, Masaki Sano, Zhen Li, Junyi Ge 2016,02 Inter- andintra-annual tree-ring cellulose oxygen isotope variability in response to precipitation inSoutheast China. Trees . DOI:10.1007/s00468-015-1320-2.(reviewed).
・Takayanagi, H., R. Asami, T. Otake, O. Abe, T. Miyajima, H. Kitagawa, Y. Iryu 2015,12 Quantitative
analysis of intraspecific variations in the carbon and oxygen isotope compositions of the modern
cool-temperature brachiopod Terebratulina crossei. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 170 :301-320.
(reviewed).査読付.
・Ishikawa, N.F., M. Yamane, H. Suga, N.O. Ogawa, Y. Yokoyama, N. Ohkouchi 2015,11 Chlorophyll aspecific Δ14C, δ13C and δ15N values in stream periphyton: implications for aquatic food web
studies. Biogeosciences 12 :6781-6789.(reviewed).

Research Projects

Contrast of ancient societal responses to climate variations between eras and countries
In archaeological viewpoints, Kofun era in Japan was more peaceful than older Yayoi era or countries in
China at the same time interval, although climate variability did not change so large temporally andspatially.

RIHN

Temporal change in climate-society relationship during medieval period
Although enhancement of multi-decadal temperature variability caused large famines in 13th and15thcenturies, famine drastically decreased in 14th century in contrast to the large temperature
variations. Development of distribution system in late 13th century might have decreased famines next
century, but induced new type of devastative urban famines in 15thcentury.

68
RIHN Annual Report 2015

・ Takahiro Endo 2015,11 The Kabu-ido system: a pioneering solution for uncoordinated groundwater
pumping in Japan. Proceedings of International Association Hydrological Sciences 372 :499-502.
・Watanabe, Y., T. Tagami 2015,11 Analytical validation on carbon and oxygen isotopic measurement ofsmall carbonate samples by using IsoPrime100 mass spectrometer. Carbonates and Evaporites (notassigned to an issue) :1-6.
・ Chenxi Xu, Nathsuda Pumijumnong, Takeshi Nakatsuka, Masaki Sano, Zhen Li 2015,10 A tree-ringcellulose δ18O-based July–October precipitation reconstruction since AD 1828, northwest Thailand.
Journal of Hydrology 529(2) :433-441. DOI:10.1016/j.jhydrol.2015.02.037.(reviewed).
・Sugisaki, S., J.P. Buylaert, A. Murray, R. Tada, H. Zheng, K. Wang, K. Saito, C. Luo, S. Li, T. Irino
2015,10 OSL dating of fine-grained quartz from Holocene Yangtze delta sediments. Quaternary
Geochronology 30(PartB) :226-232.(reviewed).
・Jasechko, S., A. Lechler, F. S. R. Pausata, P. J. Fawcett, T. Gleeson, D. I. Cendón, J. Galewsky, A.
N. LeGrande, C. Risi, Z. D. Sharp, J. M. Welker, M. Werner, K. Yoshimura 2015,10 Late-glacial tolate-Holocene shifts in global precipitation δ18O. Climate of the Past 11(10) :1375-1393.
(reviewed).
・Yoshimura, K 2015,10 Stable water isotopes in climatology, meteorology, and hydrology: a review.
Journal of the Meteorological Society of Japan Ser II 93(5) :513-533.(reviewed).
・Qiang Li, Yu Liu, Takeshi Nakatsuka, Huiming Song, Danny McCarroll, Yinke Yang, Jun Qi 2015,09 The
225-year precipitation variability inferred from tree-ring records in Shanxi Province, the North
China, and its teleconnection with Indian summer monsoon. Global and Planetary Change 132 :11-19.
DOI:10.1016/j.gloplacha.2015.06.005.(reviewed).
・Kubota, K., Y. Yokoyama, T. Ishikawa, A. Suzuki 2015,09 A new method for calibrating a boron isotope
paleo-pH proxy 1 using massive Porites corals. Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems. 16 9(3333) :3342.(reviewed).
・Grossman, M. J., M. Zaiki, R. Nagata 2015,09 Interannual and interdecadal variations in typhoon
tracks around Japan. International Journal of Climatology 35(9) :2514-2527.(reviewed).
・Kubota, K., Y. Yokoyama, Y. Kawakubo, A. Seki, S. Sakai, P. Ajithprasad, H. Maemoku, T. Osada, S.K.
Bhattacharya 2015,09 Migration history of an ariid Indian catfish reconstructed by otolith Sr/Ca andδ18O micro-analysis. Geochemical Journal 49(5) :469-480.(reviewed).
・Liu, Z., Z. Jian, K. Yoshimura, N. H. Buenning, C. J. Poulsen, and G. J. Bowen 2015,09 Recent
contrasting winter temperature changes over North America linked to enhanced positive Pacific North
American pattern. Geophysical Research Letters 42(18) :7750-7757.(reviewed).
・Feng Shi, Quansheng Ge, Bao Yang, Jianping Li, Fengmei Yang, Fredrik Charpentier Ljungqvist, Olga
Solomina, Takeshi Nakatsuka, Ninglian Wang, Sen Zhao, Chenxi Xu, Keyan Fang, Masaki Sano, Guoqiang
Chu, Zexin Fan, Narayan P. Gaire, Muhammad Usama Zafar 2015,08 A multi-proxy reconstruction of
spatial and temporal variations in Asian summer temperatures over the last millennium. Climatic
Change 131(4) :663-676. DOI:10.1007/s10584-015-1413-3.(reviewed).
・Atsushi Tsuda, Hiroaki Saito, Hiromi Kasai, Jun Nishioka and Takeshi Nakatsuka 2015,06 Verticalsegregation and population structure of ontogenetically migrating copepods Neocalanus cristatus, N.
flemingeri, N. plumchrus and Eucalanus bungii during ice-free season in the Sea of Okhotsk. Journalof Oceanography 71(3) :271-285.(reviewed).
・Wataru Sakashita, Yusuke Yokoyama, Hiroko Miyahara, Yasuhiko T. Yamaguchi, Takahiro Aze, Stephen P
Obrochta, Takeshi Nakatsuka 2015,06 Relationship between early summer precipitation in Japan and the
El Niño-Southern and Pacific Decadal Oscillations over the past 400 years. QuaternaryInternational . DOI:10.1016/j.quaint.2015.05.054.(reviewed).
・ Kubota, Y., K. Kimoto, T. Itaki, Y. Yokoyama, Y. Miyairi, H. Matsuzaki 2015,06 Bottom water
variability in the subtropical northwestern Pacific from 26 ka to present based on Mg/Ca and stablecarbon and oxygen isotopes of benthic foraminifera. Climate of the Past 11(6) :803-824.(reviewed).
・ Wei, Z., K. Yoshimura, A. Okazaki, W. Kim, Z. Liu, M. Yokoi 2015,05 Partitioning of
evapotranspiration using high frequency water vapor isotopic measurement over a rice paddy field.
Water Resources Research 51(5) :3716-3729.(reviewed).

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Research Projects

・Nakamura, T., K. Masuda, F. Miyake, M. Hakozaki, K. Kimura, H. Nishimoto, E. Hitoki 2015,05 Highprecision age determination of Holocene samples by radiocarbon dating with accelerator mass
spectrometry at Nagoya University. Quaternary International (online) .(reviewed).

・Keedakkadan, H. R., O. Abe 2015,04 Cryogenic separation of an oxygen-argon mixture in natural air
samples for the determination of isotope and molecular ratios. Rapid Communications in Mass
Spectrometry 29(8) :775-781.(reviewed).
○Research Presentations【Oral Presentation】

・Kaoru Kamatani, Masaki Sano, Takeshi Nakatsuka Climate-induced rice yield variations in Early Modern
Japan (Edo era) recorded in Menjo (tax accounts to villages) and their implication for societyclimate relationship in the past. The Third Conference of East Asian Environmental History (EAEH
2015), 2015,10,24, Kagawa University.
・Takeshi Nakatsuka Societal Adaptation to Climate Change-Integrating Palaeoclimatological Data with
Historical and Archaeological Evidences in Japan-An introduction of an inter-disciplinary research
project on Japanese environmental history. The Third Conference of East Asian Environmental History,
2015,10,22-2015,10,25, Takamatsu.
・Sano, M., Yasue, K., Kimura, K., Chen, S.-H., Chen, I.-C., and Nakatsuka, T. Societal responses todecadal-scale climate changes in Early Modern Japan revealed by tree-ring records and historical
documents.
The
Third
Conference
of
East
Asian
Environmental
History(EAEH2015),
2015,10,22-2015,10,25, Takamatsu.
・Keisuke ITOU, Noriyoshi TAMURA, Seibi NISHIYACH, and Takeshi NAKATSUKA Climate Changes as the Causeof Numerous Disasters in Medieval Japan. The Third Conference of East Asian Environmental History(EAEH 2015), 2015,10,22-2015,10,25, Takamatsu.
・Sano, M., Yasue, K., Kimura, K., and Nakatsuka, T. Summer monsoon variability over the past 1500
years in southwestern Japan, as reconstructed from oxygen isotope ratios in tree-ring cellulose. XIX
INQUA 2015, 2015,07,26-2015,08,02, Nagoya.
・Sano, M., K. Yasue, K. Kimura, T. Nakatsuka Hydroclimate variability in southwestern Japan over thelast 1500 years reconstructed from oxygen isotope ratios in tree rings. European Geoscineces Union(EGU) General Assembly 2015, 2015,04,12-2015,04,17, Vienna, Austria.
【Invited Lecture / Honoronary Lecture / Panelist】

・ Takeshi Nakatsuka Analyses of Societal Adaptation to Climate Changes in the Past: Integrating
Paleoclimatology with History and Archaeology in Japan. International Meeting of AJG (Association ofJapanese Geographers) Study Group “History of Climate and Natural Disaster”, 2016,03,22, Shinjukuku, Tokyo.
・Takeshi Nakatsuka Climate variations in East Asia and Japan during the last two millennia. ILTS
International Symposium on Low Temperature Science, 2015,11,30-2015,12,02, Sapporo.
・Takeshi Nakatsuka Recent development of proxy-based annually-resolved paleoclimatological datasets
during last two millennia in Asia and world. The Third Conference of East Asian Environmental
History, 2015,10,22-2015,10,25, Takamatsu.

Research Projects

・Ishikawa, N., I. Tayasu, M. Yamane, Y. Yokoyama, S. Sakai, N. Ohkouchi 2015,05 Sources of dissolved
inorganic carbon in two small streams with different bedrock geology: Insights from carbon isotopes.
Radiocarbon 57(3) :439-488.(reviewed).

RIHN

・Liu, Q., Y. Sun, R. Tada, P. Hu, Z. Duan, Z. Jiang, J. Liu, K. Su 2015,05 Characterizing magnetic
mineral assemblages of surface sediments from major Asian dust sources and implications for the
Chinese loess magnetism. Earth, Planet and Space 67 Article number ：61 .(reviewed).

70
RIHN Annual Report 2015

Stage: Full Research
Project No.: D-06
Project Name: Biodiversity-driven Nutrient Cycling and Human Well-being in Social-Ecological Systems
Abbreviated Title: Ecological Recycling Project (e-REC Project)
Project Leader: OKUDA Noboru
Research Axis: Diversity Program
URL:
Key Words: Biodiversity, Ecosystem service, Human well-being, Nutrient balance, Watershed governance○ Research Subject and Objectives
Technological innovation in energy and food production resulted in population growth, increase in life
expectancy and economic prosperity. However, over exploitation of the resources leads to disturbance of
natural biogeochemical cycles of many elements, and in particular the carbon cycle and those of macro
nutrients, such as nitrogen and phosphorus (Sutton et al. 2013). Such nutrient imbalances have caused
serious environmental problems, contributing to global warming due to increased CO2 and water pollution
due to increased nitrogen and phosphorus loadings. These anthropogenic disturbances in the carbon andnutrient cycling are also the main driver of biodiversity loss on a global scale. At present, it has
been recognized that nutrient loadings and biodiversity loss are so common and prevalent throughout theplanet, posing a risk to sustainable human development (Rockström et al. 2009).
When considering the nutrient balance, phosphorus plays a key role in controlling terrestrial ecosystemprocesses, presenting a “too much too little” problem in the environmental and social contexts (Elser& Bennett 2011). Because of its scarcity relative to other macro nutrients, on one hand, phosphorus
determines ecosystem functioning and thus the quality and quantity of ecosystem services. On the other
hand, over exploitation of phosphorus resources threatens our sustainability because phosphorus
resources are consumed many orders of magnitude faster than they are replenished (Vaccari 2009). To
solve these nutrient imbalance-associated issues and ultimately construct sustainable social-ecologicalsystems, we have to enhance nutrient recycling on watershed scales.
Under such a background, we aim to facilitate cross-linkage of the multi-level governance, in whichgovernments and researchers with systemic view tend to manage nutrient loadings and sustainable use on
the regional and global scales, while most of citizens want to solve social and environmental issues in
the context of their life and livelihood. For such watershed governance to be successful, local andscientific knowledge must be shared and integrated by a variety of stakeholders to reconcile
conflicting issues on different scales.Here we will develop a framework of the adaptive watershed
governance, in which social involvement in community activities for biodiversity conservation enhances
human well-being through accumulation of social capitals, which in turn enhances nutrient recycling
through an increase in the biodiversity-dependent ecosystem functions. Through social evaluation ofscientific knowledge on how the biodiversity provides public values, the community activities will be
fed back to the well-being for the community member through a shift from bonding to bridging social
capitals. Following transdisciplinary science (Brunner 2005, Mauser et al. 2013), our governanceapproach is improved in the adaptive way to increase all of the biodiversity, nutrient recycling andwell-being based on the PDCA cycle.

○ Progress and Results in 2015
We launched action researches in three of four local communities from the upstream,middle-stream,
downstream and the coastal area of Yasu River sub-watershed, the largest tributary of Lake Biwa. Our
field and experimental researches demonstrated that some of local knowledge-based activities are likely
to be useful in enhancement of biodiversity and nutrient recycling. We also started to evaluate humanwell-being through questionnaire and inquiry surveys,associating with social and natural capitals.
We also started the basic research on biodiversity, nutrient and human dimension in Silang-Santa Rosa
sub-watershed of Laguna de Bay, the Philippines, to compare the watershed governance between twocontrasting watershed societies (i.e., infrastructure-oriented vs.high-loading societies). In this subwatershed, river waters were overwhelmingly rich in phosphate because of drastic population increase

71
Research Projects【Leader】◎ OKUDA Noboru ￼￼( Research Institute for Humanity and Nature,Associate Professor,Ecological
Science )【River Research Working Group】○ IWATA Tomoya( Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Life and Environmental
Sciences University of Yamanashi,Associate Professor,Professor Aquatic Ecology )OHTE Nobuhito( Graduate School of Informatics, Kyoto University,Professor,Hydrology, Ecosystem
Ecology )OSAKA Ken’ichi( School of Environmental Science, The University of Shiga Prefecture,Associate
Professor,Forest Hydrology )ITOH Masayuki( Center for Southeast Asian Studies, Kyoto University,Assistant Professor,Forest
Hydrology )ISHIKAWA Naoto( Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology,Postdoctoral Fellow,Stream
Ecology, Limnology )TOGASHI Hiroyuki( Tohoku National Fisheries Research Institute, Fisheries Research
Agency,Researcher,Community Ecology )OKANO Junichi( Center for Ecological Research, Kyoto University,Postdoctoral Fellow,Stream
Ecology, Behavioural Ecology )KO Chia-Ying( Research Center for Environmental Changes, Academia Sinica,Postdoctoral
Fellow,Spatial Statistics )CHISHIRO Shinsho( University of Shiga Prefecture,Master’s course student,Ecological Science )FUJITA Kento( University of Shiga Prefecture,Master’s course student,Biogeochemistry )【Lake Research Working Group】○ BAN Syuhei( School of Environmental Science, The University of Shiga
Prefecture,Professor,Plankton Ecology, Limnology )NAKANO Shin’ichi( Center for Ecological Research, Kyoto University,Professor,Ecological Science )KUMAGAI Michio( Lake Biwa Sigma Research Center, Ritsumeikan University,Professor,Geophysics )ONODERA Shin’ichi ( Graduate School of Integrated Arts and Sciences, Hiroshima
University,Professor,Hydrology )KAGAMI Maiko( Department of Environmental Science, Faculty of Science, Toho
University,Associate Professor,Limnology, aquatic biology )NISHIHIRO Jun( Department of Environmental Science, Faculty of Science, Toho
University,Associate Professor,Conservation Ecology )INOUE Eiso
( Lake Biwa Environmental Research Institute, Shiga Prefectural,SeniorResearcher,Freshwater Biology, Aquatic Entomology )NAGATA Takamaru( Lake Biwa Environmental Research Institute, Shiga
Prefecture,Researcher,Plankton and Macrophyte Ecology )SAKAI Yoichiro( Lake Biwa Environmental Research Institute Shiga
Prefecture,Researcher,Limnology )FUJINAGA Shohei( Center for Ecological Research, Kyoto University,Master’s course
student,Ecological Science )KAMIYA Hiroshi( Shimane Prefectural Institute of Public Health and Environmental
Science,Division Chief,Analytical Chemistry )SAITO Mitsuyo( Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University,AssistantProfessor,Hydrology )UCHII Kimiko( School of Medicine, Osaka Ohtani University,Assistant Professor,Microbial
Ecology )Research Projects○Project Members

RIHN

under the recent economic development and incomplete sewage treatment systems, resulting in the extreme
nutrient imbalance and biodiversity loss. Local communities used to utilize communal springs as commonsdecades ago. After establishment of tap water systems, however, most of them were degraded due to lackof social norms and morality. The drinking waters are derived from the shallow groundwater, so that the
groundwater pollution is the recent concern of matter. Our preliminary inquiry surveys revealed thatenvironmental consciousness of local communities has been distant from the nature of springs andstreams under the economic development.

72
RIHN Annual Report 2015

DOI Shnpei
SEIKE Yasushi
ARITOMI Daiki
BAI jiahui
SUGAHARA Shogo
MIZUNO Katsunori( Environmental Science Graduate School, University of Shiga Prefecture,Master’scourse student,Plankton Ecology )( Interdisciplinary Faculty of Science and Engineering, Shimane
University,Professor,Environmental Analysis )( Graduate School of Integrated Arts and Sciences, Hiroshima University,Master’scourse student,Hydrology )( Graduate School of Integrated Arts and Sciences, Hiroshima University,Master’scourse student,Environmental Sciences )( Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Shimane University,AssistantProfessor,Environmental analytical chemistry )( Underwater Technology Collaborative Research Center, IIS, The University ofTokyo,Assistant Professor,Underwater acoustic )【Terrestrial Research Working Group】○ OSONO Takashi( ￼ Center for Ecological Research, Kyoto University,Associate
Professor,Ecological Science )HOBARA Satoru( College of Agriculture, Food and Environment Sciences, Rakuno Gakuen
University,Associate Professor,Biogeochemistry )HIROSE Dai( School of Pharmacy, Nihon University,Assistant Professor,Mycology )ISHIDA Atsushi( Center for Ecological Research, Kyoto University,Professor,Plant Ecophysiogy )KAWAKITA Atsushi( Center for Ecological Research, Kyoto University,Associate Professor,Plant
Ecology )USHIO Masayuki( Joint Research Center for Science and Technology, Ryukoku
University,Lecturer,Ecosystem Ecology, Microbial Ecology )MATSUOKA Shunsuke( Center for Ecological Research, Kyoto University,Doctor’s course
student,Ecological Science )【Analytical Research Working Group】○ TAYASU Ichiro( Research Institute for Humanity and Nature,Professor,Ecological Science )KITAZAWA Daisuke( Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo,Associate
Professor,Marine Ecosystem Engineering )HYODO Fujio( Research Core for Interdisciplinary Sciences, Okayama University,Associate
Professor,Forest Ecology )SONG Uhram( College of Applied Life Sciences, Jeju National University,AssistantProfessor,Ecological Science )OTAKE Tsuguo( nternational Coastal Research Center, Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute,
The University of Tokyo,Professor,Fish Biology Ecological Science )AMANO Yosuke( Tohoku National Fisheries Research Institute, Fisheries Research
Agency,Technical assistant,Fish Biology Ecological Science )KOKITA Tomoyuki( Faculty of Marine Bioscience, Fukui Prefectural University,Associate
Professor,Ecology, Evolutionary Biology )MATSUBAE Kazuyo( Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University,Associate
Professor,Industrial Ecology )MINAMOTO Toshifumi ( Faculty of Human Development, Kobe University,Assistant Professor,Molecularbiology )YAMANAKA Hiroki( Department of Environmental Solution Technology, Ryukoku
University,Lecturer,Fish Physiology )PAYTAN Adina( IMS, University of California Santa Cruz,Professor,Biogeochemistry )MARUO Masahiro( School of Environmental Science, University of Shiga Prefecture,Associate
Professor,Analytic Chemistry )IDE Jun’ichiro( Center for Decision Science for a Sustainable Society, Kyushu
University,Assistant Professor,Forest Hydrology )【Network Research Working Group】
SATO Yuichi( Lake Biwa Environmental Research Institute,Researcher,Environmental Modelling )KAWASAKI Takeshi( Department of Lake Biwa and the Environment, Shiga Prefectural Office,AssistantSection Chief,Environmental Policy )OHTSUKA Taisuke( Lake Biwa Museum,Curator,Algal biology )KIKKO Takeshi( Fisheries Management Division, Department of Agriculture and Fisheries, Shiga
Perfecture,Assistant Section Chief,Fisheries Science )73
Research Projects

KATAOKA Yoshitaka
KANAO Shigefumi
KAWABATA Takahiro

TANIZAWA Toshihiro【Nutrient Management Working Group】○ SANTOS-BORJA Adelina( Office of the General Manager, Laguna Lake Development Authority,Division Chief
III, Internationa l Linkages and Research Developme nt Unit,Limnology
Environmental Science Integrated Lake Basin Management )PAPA Rey Donne( Department of Biological Sciences and Research Center for the Natural Sciences,
University of Santo Tomas,Assistant Professor,Plankton Ecology, Limnology )MENDOZA Norman( Philippine Nuclear Research Institute,Researcher,Hydrology )SEVILLA Fortunato B ( Department of Chemistry and Research Center for the Natural and Applied
III
Sciences, University of Santo Tomas,Professor,Instrumentation and Analytical
Chemistry )MAGBANUA Francis( Institute of Biology, College of Science, University of the Philippines
Diliman,Assistant Professor,Zoobenthos Diversity )【Advisory Board】□ KAWABATA Zen’ichiro( Research Institute for Humanity and Nature,Emeritus Professor,Aquatic Ecosystem
Ecology )Research Projects【Human Research Working Group】○ YACHI Shigeo( Center for Ecological Research, Kyoto University,Associate
Professor,Theoretical Ecology )○ WAKITA Kenichi( Faculty of Sociology and Social Welfare, Ryukoku
University,Professor,Environmental Sociology )OHNO Tomohiko( Institute of Human and Social Sciences, Kanazawa University,Associate
Professor,Environmental Policy )MITSUMATA Gaku
( Faculty of Economics, University of Hyogo,Associate professor,Ecological
Economics )KASHIO Tamaki( Lake Biwa Museum,Researcher,Rural sociology )TANAKA Takuya( Environmental Partnership Office Kinki,Creative Director,Environmental Science& Technology )ZHENG Yuejun( Faculty of Cultural and Information Science, Doshisha
University,Professor,Sociometrics )NONAMI Hiroshi( School of Sociology, Kwansei Gakuin University,Professor,Social Psychology )SANO Shizuyo( Faculty of Letters, Doshisha University,Associate Professor,Historical
Geography )HIRATSUKA Junichi( NA,Former Director of Research Organizatio n of Nature and Humanity,Lake
Science )SAKAGAMI Masaji( Faculty of Health Sciences, Nihon Fukushi University,Associate
Professor,Applied Economics )TANIGUCHI Yoshimitsu( Department of Biological Environment, Akita Prefectural
Universiy,Professor,Sociology )KAGOHASHI Kazuki( Institute for Social Ethics, Nanzan University,Researcher,Environmental
Economics )TAKAHASHI Takuya( The University of Shiga Prefecture,Professor,Forest policy and planning;
corporate environmentalis m )SAIZEN Izuru( Kyoto University,Associate Professor,Regional Planning )TAKEMURA Kosuke( Shiga University,Associate Professor,Social Psychology )MATSUSHITA Kyohei( Shiga University,Associate Professor,Environmental Economics )UCHIDA Yukiko( Kokoro Research Center, Kyoto University,Associate Professor,Social
Psychology )FUKUSHIMA Shintaro ( School of Cultural and Creative Studies, Aoyama Gakuin University,AssistantProfessor,Social Science )RIHN

KONDO Katsunori( Fishery Experiment Station, Department of Agriculture and Fisheries, Shiga
Perfecture,Assistant Section Chief,Fisheries Science )( Lake Biwa Museum,￼￼ Curator,Fish Ecology )( Omi Environmental Conservation Foundation,Assistant Section Chief,Environmental
Policy )( Omi Environmental Conservation Foundation,Senior TechnicalManager,Environmental Policy )( Department of Lake Biwa and the Environment, Shiga Prefectural Office,Planning
Chief,Environmental Policy )74
RIHN Annual Report 2015

□ SAKAI Shoko□ FUJITA Noboru□ ISHII Reiichiro□ URABE Jotaro□ NAGASAKA Akiko【Secretariat】
KOBAYASHI Yuki
TAKUYA Ishida
ASANO Satoshi
Yoshitoshi Uehara( Center for Ecological Research, Kyoto University,Associate Professor,Plant
Ecology )( Center for Restoration of Regional Nature,Director,Plant Community Ecology )( Research Institute for Humanity and Nature,Associate Professor,Theoretical
Ecology )( Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University,Professor,Aquatic Ecology )( Hokkaido Research Organization Forestry Research Institute,assistant section
chief,Watershed Conservation )( Research Institute for Humanity and Nature,Researcher,Environmental
Microbiology )( Research Institute for Humanity and Nature,Researcher,Biogeochemistry )( Research Institute for Humanity and Nature,Researcher,Regional Planning )( Research Institute for Humanity and Nature,Resarch Associate,Biogeochemistry )○ Future Themes
With the reduced budget, it is not realistic to practice and compare our watershed governance acrossall of our study watersheds. Thus we will not conduct intensive field researches in three domestic
watersheds (Hachiro Lagoon, Inba Marsh and Lake Shinji) other than Lake Biwa. Based on archives anddocuments, however, we will examine how governmental politics on development and environmental
conservation have affected these four domestic watershed systems and how their social-ecological statushave varied among these watersheds through interactions with each other, according to Advocacy
Coalition Framework (ACF) as well as to Institutional Analysis and Developmental (IAD) Framework. We
expect to find what is a turning point for the watershed governance to drive into the good relationshipbetween humanity and nature through our comparison. If time and budget permit us, we may also use
Social-Ecological System (SES) Framework to analyse cross-scale linkages of the natural resource
governances within and between watershed systems.

●Achievements○Books【Chapters/Sections】

・Iwata, T., Mochizuki, N., Suzuki, T., Kohzu, A., Kojima, H., Fukui, M. & J. Urabe 2016,03 Roles ofterrestrial carbon subsidies to aquatic community metabolism in mountain lake ecosystems. G. Kudo(ed.) Structure and function of mountain ecosystems in Japan. Biodiversity and Vulnerability to
Climate Change, Ⅶ. Springer Japan, Chiyodak-ku, tokyo.Hardcover ISBN 978-4-431-55952-8
・Sano, S 2015,04 Traditional Use of Resources and Management of Littoral Environment at Lake Biwa.
Bruce L. Batten ＆ Philip C. Brown (ed.) Environment and Society in the Japanese Islands. Oregon
State University Press, Oregon in USA, pp.75-95.ISBN: 9780870718014○Papers【Original Articles】

・Uchii, K., H. Doi, T. Minamoto 2016,03 A novel environmental DNA approach to quantify the cryptic
invasion of non-native genotypes. Molecular Ecology Resources
１ ６ ( ２ ) :415-422. DOI:
10.1111/1755-0998.12460.(reviewed).
・Yamanaka, H., T. Minamoto 2016,03 A novel environmental DNA approach to quantify the cryptic invasionof non-native genotypes. Molecular Ecology Resources ６ ２ :147-153. DOI:10.1016/j.ecolind.
2015.11.022.(reviewed).
・Kawatsu, M., G. Morimoto, M. Kagami 2016,02 Seasonal changes in the water bird community in Lake
Inba; influence of floating-leaved macrophytes on habitat selection. Aquatic Botany 126 :32-37. DOI:
10.1016/j.aquabot.2015.06.003.(reviewed).

75
Research Projects

・Jin, G., Onodera, S., Saito, M., Maruyama, Y., Hayakawa, A., Sato, T., Ota, Y. and Aritomi, D 2016,01
Vertical distribution of sediment phosphorus in Lake Hachirogata related to effect of land
reclamation on phosphorus accumulation. Environmental Technology ３ ７ ( ４ ) :486-494. DOI:
10.1080/09593330.2015.1117043.(reviewed).

・Maruo, M., M. Ishimaru, Y. Azumi, Y. Kawasumi, O. Nagafuchi, H. Obata 2016,01 Comparison of soluble
reactive phosphorous and orthophosphate concentrations in river waters. Limnology １７(１) :7-12.
DOI:10.1007/s10201-015-0463-6.(reviewed).
・Minamoto, T., Naka, T., Moji, K.,Maruyama, A 2016,01 Techniques for the practical collection ofenvironmental DNA: filter selection, preservation, and extraction. Limnology １７(１) :23-32. DOI:
10.1007/s10201-015-0457-4.(reviewed).
・Takayanagi H., R. Asami, T. Otake, O. Abe, T. Miyajima, H. Kitagawa, Y. Iryu 2015,12 Quantitative
analysis of intraspecific variations in the carbon and oxygen isotope compositions of the modern
cool-temperate brachiopod Terebratulina crossei. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 170 :301-320.
(reviewed).
・ Osono,T.
2015,12
Decomposing
abilityofdiverselitter-decomposermacrofungiinsubtropical,temperate,and subalpine forests.. Journal of Forest Research 20(2) :272-280. DOI:
10.1007/s10310-014-0475-9.(reviewed).
・Matsubae, K., E. Webeck, K. Nansai, K. Nakajima, M. Tanaka, T. Nagasaka 2015,12 Hidden phosphorus
flows related with non-agriculture industrial activities: A focus on steelmaking and metal surface
treatment. Resources, Conservation & Recycling １ ０ ５ (B) :360-367. DOI:10.1016/j.resconrec.
2015.10.002.(reviewed).
・Kume, T., K. Tsuruta, H. Komatsu, Y. Shinohara, A. Katayama, J. Ide & K. Otsuki 2015,12 Difference insap flux based stand transpiration between upper and lower slope positions in a Japanese cypress
plantation watershed. Ecohydrology . DOI:10.1002/eco.1709.(reviewed).
・Osono,T. 2015,12 Effects of litter type,origin of isolate, and temperature on decomposition of leaf
litter by macrofungi.. Journal of Forest Research 20( １ ) :77-84. DOI:10.1007/s10310-014-0462-1.
(reviewed).
・Nishino, H., Y. Hodoki, S. D. Thottathil, K. Ohbayashi, Y. Takao & S. Nakano 2015,09 Identificationof species and genotypic compositions of Cryptomonas (Cryptophyceae) populations in the eutrophic
Lake Hira, Japan, using single-cell PCR. Aquatic Ecology ４ ９ ( ３ ) :263-272. DOI:10.1007/
s10452-015-9520-9.(reviewed).
・Hans-P. G., C. Wurzbacher, T. James, M. Kagami 2015,09 Discovery of dark matter fungi in aquatic
ecosystems demands a reappraisal of the phylogeny and ecology of zoosporic fungi. Fungal Ecology
19 :28-38. DOI:10.1016/j.funeco.2015.06.004.(reviewed).
・Feunteun,E., M.J. Miller, A. Carpentier, J.Aoyama, C. Dupuy, M. Kuroki, M. Pagono, E. Reveillac, D.
Sellos, S. Watanabe, K. Tsukamoto, T. Otake 2015,09 Stable isotopic composition of anguilliform
leptocephali and other food web components from west of the Mascarene Plateau. Progress in
Oceanography 137 :69-83. DOI:10.1016/j.pocean.2015.05.024.
・Miller, M.J., E. Feunteun, J.Aoyama, S. Watanabe, M. Kuroki, R.L.-Finiger, Y. Minegishi, T. Robinet,
E. Réveillac, P.-A. Gagnaire, P. Berrebi. K. Tsukamoto, T. Otake 2015,09 Biodiversity anddistribution of leptocephali west of the Mascarene Plateau in the southwestern Indian Ocean.
Progress in Oceanography 137 :84-102. DOI:10.1016/j.pocean.2015.05.026.(reviewed). .
・Hagiwara, Y., S. Matsuoka, S. Hobara, A.S. Mori, D. Hirose & T. Osono 2015,08 Bleaching of leaf
litter and associated fungi in subboreal and subalpine forests. Canadian Journal of Microbiology ６
１(１０) :735-743. DOI:10.1139/cjm-2015-0111.(reviewed).

Research Projects

・Maruo, M., M. Ishimaru, Y. Azumi, Y. Kawasumi, O. Nagafuchi, H. Obata 2016,01 Comparison of soluble
reactive phosphorous and orthophosphate concentrations in river waters. Limnology １７(１) :7-12.
DOI:10.1007/s10201-015-0463-6.(reviewed).

RIHN

・Nakamura, M., R. Masuda, K. Tsukamoto, T. Otake 2016,01 Dace and black porgy have limited temperature
adaptability in non-natal osmotic environment. Progress in Oceanography ２ :1-8. DOI:10.1007/
s12562-015-0956-6.(reviewed).

76
RIHN Annual Report 2015

・Mukherjee, I., Y. Hodoki, S. Nakano 2015,08 Kinetoplastid flagellates overlooked by universal primers
dominate in the oxygenated hypolimnion of Lake Biwa, Japan. FEMS Microbiology Ecology 91(8). DOI:
10.1093/femsec/fiv083.(reviewed).
・Tanabe, Y., Y. Okazaki, M. Yoshida, H. Matsuura, A. Kai, T. Shiratori, K. Ishida, S. Nakano, & M. M.
Watanabe 2015,07 A novel alphaproteobacterial ectosymbiont promotes the growth of the hydrocarbonrich green alga Botryococcus braunii. Scientific Reports ５(10467). DOI:10.1038/srep10467.
・Miya, M., Y. Sato, T. Fukunaga, T. Sado, J. Y. Poulsen, K. Sato, T. Minamoto, S. Yamamoto, H.
Yamanaka, H. Araki, M. Kondoh, W. Iwasaki 2015,07 MiFish, a set of universal PCR primers formetabarcoding environmental DNA from fishes: Detection of >230 subtropical marine species. Royal
Society Open Science . DOI:10.1098/rsos.150088.(reviewed).
・Jin, G., Y. Shimizu, S. Onodera, M. Saito, K. Matsumori 2015,06 Evaluation of drought impact on
groundwater recharge rate using SWAT and Hydrus models on an agricultural island in western Japan .
Proceedings of the International Association of Hydrological Sciences ３７１ :143-148. DOI:10.5194/
piahs-371-143-2015.(reviewed).
・Shimizu, Y., S, Onodera, H. Takahashi, & K. Matsumori 2015,06 Impact analysis of the decline of
agricultural land-use on flood risk and material flux in hilly and mountainous watersheds.
Proceedings of the International Association of Hydrological Sciences ３７０ :39-44. DOI:10.5194/
piahs-370-39-2015.(reviewed).
・Ide, J., H. Somura, T. Nakamura, Y. Mori, I. Takeda & K. Nishida 2015,06 Hydrological Effects on
Relationships Between δ15N of River Nitrate and Land Use in a Rural River Basin, Western Japan.
River Research and Applications ３１ :639-649. DOI:10.1002/rra.2756.(reviewed).
・Koizumi, N., T. Takahara, T. Minamoto, H. Doi, A. Mori, K. Watanabe, T. Takemura 2015,06 Preliminary
experiment for detection method of fish inhabiting agricultural drainage canals using environmental
DNA. IDRE Journal 83(3) :IV_7-IV_8. DOI:10.11408/jsidre.83.IV_7.(reviewed).
・Ishida, S., D. Nozaki, H.-P. Grossart, M. Kagami 2015,06 Novel basal fungal lineages from freshwater
phytoplankton and lake samples. Environmental Microbiology Reports ７ ( ３ ) :435-441. DOI:
10.1111/1758-2229.12268.
・Saito, M., S. Onodera, G. Hisaka, M. Tokumasu 2015,06 Evaluation for the effect of non-stationary
nutrient transport on the coastal seaweed cultivation in western Japan. PIAHS ３７１ :149-155. DOI:
10.5194/piahs-371-149-2015.(reviewed).
・Chen Y. & Zheng Y. 2015,05 Cross-National Analysis on Sensitivity to Environmental Quality and Its
Change in East Asia. Advances in Applied Sociology ５(６) :183-194. DOI:10.4236/aasoci.2015.56018 .
(reviewed).
・Shimizu, Y., S, Onodera, G. Jin, G. & M. Saito 2015,05 Estimation of long term nutrient loadings intoa hypereutrophic artificial lake in lowland catchment, western Japan. IAHS Publication ３６８ :
337-342. DOI:10.5194/piahs-368-337-2015.(reviewed).
・Yamasue, E., K.Matsubae ＆ Keiichi N. Ishihara 2015,04 Weight of Land Use for Phosphorus Fertilizer
Production in Japan in Terms of Total Material Requirement. Global Environmental Research １９(１) :97-104.(reviewed).
・Doi, H., T. Takahara, T. Minamoto, S. Matsuhashi, K. Uchii, H. Yamanaka 2015,04 Droplet digital
Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) outperforms real-time PCR in the detection of environmental DNA froman invasive fish species. Environmental Science ＆Technology 49(９) :5601-5608. DOI:10.1021/acs.est.
5b00253.(reviewed).
・Mori, A., T. Shiono, T. F. Haraguchi, A. Ota, D. Koide, T. Ohgue, R. Kitagawa, R. Maeshiro, T.T.
Aung, T. Nakamori, Y. Hagiwara, S. Matsuoka, A. Ikeda, T. Hishi, S. Hobara, E. Mizumachi, A.
Frisch, G. Thor, S. Fujii, T. Osono & L. Gustafsson 2015,04 Functional redundancy of multiple forest
taxa along an elevational gradient: predicting the consequences of non-random species loss. Journalof Biogeography ４２ :1383-1396. DOI:10.1111/jbi.12514.(reviewed).
・ E. Webeck, K. Matsubae, K.Nakajima, K.Nansai, T.Nagasaka 2015,04 Phosphorus Flows in the AsianRegion. Global Environmental Research １９(１) :9-18.(reviewed).
・ Takasu, H., M. Ushio, J. E. LeClair, & S. Nakano 2015 High contribution of Synechococcus tophytoplankton biomass in the aphotic hypolimnion in a deep freshwater lake (Lake Biwa, Japan).
Aquat. Microb. Aquatic Microbial Ecology ７５(１) :69-79. DOI:10.3354/ame01749.(reviewed).

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Research Projects

・Takahara, T., T. Minamoto， H. Doi 2015 Effects of sample processing on the detection rate ofenvironmental DNA from the Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio). Biological Conservation 183 :64-69. DOI:
10.1016/j.biocon.2014.11.014.(reviewed).

○Research Presentations【Oral Presentation】

・Ide, J., H. Somura, T. Nakamura, Y. Mori, I. Takeda & K. Nishida Spatial variations in river nitrateconcentration from upper toward lower reaches in the hilly and mountainous area. The 127th Annual
Meeting of the Japanese Forest Society, 2016,03,27-2016,03,30, Kanagawa, Japan.
・Kawakami, T., Y. Shimizu, G. Ogawa, T. Saito, M. Iida, N. Sugihara, S. Sato , Ueda H., Otake T
Otolith stable isotope and trace element analyses to reconstruct migration history of chum salmon
Oncorhynchus kata. Symposium on growth-survival paradigm in early life stages of fish:controversy,synthesis, and multidisciplinary approach, 2015,11,09-2015,11,11, 神奈川県横浜市.
・Osono T., Matsuoka S., Hiradate S., Hobara S., Hirose D Fungi associated with the bleaching of leaf
litter in a subtropical forest. Asian Mycological Congress 2015, 2015,10,07-2015,10,10, Goa
University, Goa, India.
・ Osono, T., S. Matsuoka, Y. Nagao, T. Itioka Domatium-inhabiting fungi of eight myrmecophytic
Macaranga species. Frontier in Tropical Forest Research: Progress in Joint Projects between theForest Department Sarawak and the Japan Research Consortium for Tropical Forests in Sarawak,
2015,09,21-2015,09,22, Kuching, Malaysia.
・Ide, J., H. Somura, T. Nakamura, Y. Mori, I. Takeda & K. Nishida Spatial variations in concentrationand nitrogen and oxygen stable isotopes of river nitrate in a hilly and mountainous area, westernJapan. The 4th International Conference on Forests and Water in a Changing Environment,
2015,07,06-2015,07,09, Kelowna, BC, Canada.
・Cid, A.P.，U. Song, I. Tayasu, J. Okano, H. Togashi, N.F. Ishikawa, A. Murakami, T. Hayashi, T.
Iwata , K. Osaka, S. Nakano & N. Okuda Spatial distributions of REE, heavy metals and oxygen isotopeof phosphate in the Yasu river, Shiga, Japan. JpGU Meeting 2015, 2015,05,24-2015,05,28, Makuhari
Messe.
【Poster Presentation】

・Maruo, M., M. Ishimaru, Y. Azumi, K. Ohyama, H. Obata Determination of trace orthophosphate in waterof Lake Biwa (Japan) by ion chromatography. Goldschmidt 2015, 2015,08,16-2015,08,21, Prague, Chezk
Republic.
・Osono, T., A. S. Mori, M, Uchida , H. Kanda Accumulation of carbon and nitrogen in vegetation andsoils of deglaciated area and mudboils in Ellesmere Island, high-Arctic Canada.. FourthInternational Symposium on the Arctic Research (ISAR-4), 2015,04,27-2015,04,30, Toyama International
Conference Center, Toyama, Japan .
【Invited Lecture / Honoronary Lecture / Panelist】

・Okuda, N. Biodiversity-driven Nutrient Cycling and Human Well-being in Social-Ecological Systems. 4th
Future Earth in Asia Workshop "Perspectives from the South", 2015,11,19, Lecture Hall, RIHN, Kyoto.

Research Projects

・Kakioka, R., T.Kokita, H.kumada, K.Watanabe ＆ N.Okuda 2015,07 Genomic architectue of habitatrelated divegence and signature of directional selection in the body shapes of Gnathopogon fishes..
Molecular Ecology 24(16) :4159-4174. DOI:10.1111/mec.13309.(reviewed).

RIHN

・Itoh, M., Y. Kobayashi, T.-Y. Chen, T. Tokida, M. Fukui, H. Kojima, T. Miki, I. Tayasu, F.-K. Shiah &N. Okuda 2015,07 Effect of interannual variation in winter vertical mixing on CH4 dynamics in a
subtropical reservoir.. Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences 120(7) :1246-1261. DOI:
10.1002/2015JG002972.(reviewed).

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RIHN Annual Report 2015

Stage: Pre-Research
Project No.:
Project Name: Lifeworlds of Sustainable Food Consumption and Production: Agrifood Systems in Transition
Abbreviated Title: FEAST Project
Project Leader: Steven R. McGreevy
Research Axis:
URL: http://www.chikyu.ac.jp/rihn/project/PR-2015.html
Key Words: agrifood transition, sustainable food consumption and production, foodshed mapping, participatory backcasting,
Asian food ethics, social change, social practice○ Research Subject and Objectives
Agrifood systems in Asia face a myriad of sustainability challenges related to declining environmental
health (GHG, resource overuse, pollution, soil fertility), loss of diversity (biological, cultural,knowledge), and the deterioration of small-scale farming due to globalizing market forces. On the
consumption side, over-reliance on globalized food flows limit consumer agency and decrease foodsecurity and sovereignty, while diets composed of more processed food create public health impacts(rise in diabetes, obesity). The ways in which food is provided, consumed and governed need urgent
change.
The project takes an action research approach to explore the realities and potential for sustainableagrifood transition at sites in Japan, China, Thailand, and Bhutan with significance for the entire
region. We will analyze patterns of food consumption, food-related social practices and their sociocultural meanings, consumer-based agency to change deeply held-cultural notions and physical systems,
and food system mapping specific to the national, regional, and local production, distribution, andconsumption contexts. Building upon that work, we will partner with stakeholders to vision plausible
futures and to initiate food democracy-oriented experiments and actions. The project will co-designand co-produce knowledge and mechanisms that challenge the logics of the market by valorizing the noneconomic qualities of food and agriculture that improve quality of life, and engage society in a publicdebate on our relationship with food and nature that questions shared beliefs and reacclimatizes
consumers as citizens and co-producers in the foodscapes around them.
The FEAST project has the long-term goal of catalyzing sustainable agrifood transition processes at thevarious research sites. The research activities themselves will produce four types of knowledge
relevant to fostering said processes: 1) contextual knowledge of contemporary national, regional, andlocal food systems necessary for a holistic understanding of food production, distribution, andconsumption; 2) co-produced visions of alternative food consumption and production practices andtransition plans identifying research, education, and policy needs; 3) modeling and scenario-basedknowledge to inform coinciding deliberation and planning processes; 4) and knowledge related to twointervention strategies— social learning and market transparency— on the execution and effectiveness ofworkshop-based consensus building toward collective action and market-oriented information-providing
tools (eco-label, food LCA smartphone app). A large portion of activities are based in action research
and many final outputs are geared primarily for public use. In concrete terms, the focus on collective
vision making, deeper understanding of social contexts in the actual carrying out of food-related
consumption and production practices, and the creation of new, empowered institutions to implement cocreated plans and food policy into the future enable this project to have real-world impact beyond thefive-year period.
This project identifies with the domain of “Ecosophy” and the “Ethos” and “Oikos” initiatives.

○ Progress and Results in 2015
The project is arranged into five “working groups,” each with its own “work package” to carry out overthe five year period. The five working groups are 1) Food System Mapping & Modeling; 2) Ethics &Consumption Practices; 3) Agro-ecological Food Provisioning Futures; 4) Supporting Tools for

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Research Projects

Sustainable Regions; 5) Transparent Food Chains.
Each working group has two chairs that oversee
research activities on the ground and assist in planning and managerial processes. The working groupsinterface directly with site-based stakeholders in ad-hoc organizations that are in the process of
being solidified.

WG1: Food System Mapping & Modeling
WG1 is to provide contextual information (statistical and spatial) on existing and potential foodsystems and food consumption at the local, regional, and national level for each site. In order tojudge the relative sustainability of said systems, we needed to define what we were looking for. To
those ends, we conceived the notion of “ holistic local food security ” to include both physicalcapacities to produce and access food in an environmentally-friendly way as well as the socio-economic
factors of overall well-being, food sovereignty, and producer livelihoods. Data is also needed tobetter understand patterns of consumption at each locality and a survey is planned to allow for that.
Finally, WG1 researchers were to form stronger ties with stakeholders in Japan and abroad.
FEAST co-hosted an International Seminar entitled “ Food, Risks, and Sustainability: AnAsian
Perspective” at Hong Kong Polytechnic University where the concept of “holistic local food security”
was presented for debate. A conceptual paper is forthcoming on the topic that builds on the work of
Michael Carolan’s “human and food index” (Carolan 2013).This contribution to the project is significant
because it begins to define the frames and specific data indicators for a “sustainable foodscape.” Theconcept is meant to act as a entry point for engaging stakeholders in workshops carried out by WG2 andinform the discussion on sustainability indicators for agriculture in WG4. FEAST members built strong
ties with Chulalongkorn and Mahidol Universities in Bangkok for future collaboration. Thai colleagues
co-hosted a FEAST project seminar in January entitled: “ Sustainable Food System Planning in Asia—
Orientations and Examples from the Field” that was attended widely by Thai graduate students who willplay a critical role in organizing participatoryGIS data collection. In order to collect baseline dataon consumer eating habits and patterns of food consumption specific to target sites in Japan, an online
survey (n=1300) was developed and carried out at all three sites in Japan (Kyoto, Nagano City, Noshiro
City) in March 2016.
WG2: Ethics & Consumption Practices
WG2 leads the action research interventions to create communities of practice and food governance andhad two research goals for the year: 1) to better understand action-research workshop-based protocols
and pedagogies through a review of existing initiatives and 2) investigate food policy councils throughsite visits and intensive fieldwork. Fieldwork in Toronto and Kentucky on the history and developmentof food policy councils at those sites was integral to beginning a discussion on the kind of strategy
needed for co-initiating similar governance structures in Japan. Namely, the preconditions,
possibilities, and restrictions to creating food policy councils, including an understanding on thesense of urgency,representation, role of government, responsibility, and scale were considered. A
review paper on food policy council development using the case studies and its relevance to food systemchange and governance in Asian settings is forthcoming. Three experimental workshops were held during
the PR phase to experience different forms of facilitation, group discussion formats, and general
structuring of formal and informal in-workshop pedagogies. These experiences led to the development of
a “stakeholder workshop plan” that to be drafted in the coming months. Contact was made with city
council and other members of local government in each of the three Japan sites. In Noshiro City, Akita
Prefecture, WG2 members and the PL met with the mayor and received his promise of support for the
project in the city.
WG3: Agro-ecological Food Provisioning Futures
WG3 addresses three problems facing food provisioning: 1) What role will traditional agrifood systems
and knowledge play in the future?; 2) What are the ways in which new farmers can be supported andResearch Projects

Each project working group had specific topics needing to be addressed during the pre-research phaseand a variety of research outputs both delivered and forthcoming. An overview of these topics andoutputs are given here.

RIHN

The project scope has decreased to reflect the availability of budget and comments from evaluators:
the original six working group structure has decreased to five; specific research activities have beenscaled back in overseas sites; and the overall number of research staff to be hired will be fewer,
which will impact the overall degree to which we can accomplish the original research goals.

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RIHN Annual Report 2015

encouraged to farm?; 3) How can consumers contribute to the sustainable management of sources of wild
food? Fieldwork and case study reviews were used to bring further clarity to these research questions
over the PR. A FEAST project seminar entitled “Supporting new farmers: A comparison of knowledge
dynamics in America and Japan” invited representatives of Kyoto Prefecture to share on the formal
support structures that new farmers can utilize and followup fieldwork was conducted.Research results
on farmer support structures will be presented at next years International Rural Sociological
Association conference— “ Nurturing Future Farmers: Comparative Analysis of the Support System for
Beginning Farmers between Japan and the United States.” Fieldwork at the newly certified Wakayama GIAHS
site was conducted in March to make initial contact.
WG4: Supporting Tools for Sustainable Regions
WG4 explores tools for integrating ecologically sound production practices with unique market support
structures to improve regional economic conditions in Japan. Two exploratory reviews were conducted:
1) a structured review of over 250 agriculture-related ecological labels in Japan and 2) a broad
overview of international conventions on sustainable agricultural production with special emphasis themetrics used by multi-stakeholder initiatives ’ in defining ecological, social, and economic
sustainability. The review of eco-labels is
being compiled into a paper in Japanese and forthcoming next year. The metrics analysis will be used asa starting point from which to develop. A paper survey to gauge consumer response to certain kinds of
ecological labels and sustainability metrics will be conducted in Kameoka City, Kyoto Prefecture(n=350).
WG5: Transparent Food Chains
WG5 sets out to develop a smartphone app that tells the backstory of food products using LCA data. A
review of four European food LCA apps under the title of “The story behind the scans: A review of food
LCA smartphone apps and their impact on consumers and industry” was presented at the American Center
for Life Cycle Assessment Conference and reactions to the presentation were quite positive. The
research will be submitted for publishing in the near future. Initial discussions on the creation of a
LCA-based food app will be conducted on January 21st with a team of experts on agriculture, fisheries,
refrigeration, retail (AEON), processing (Ajinomoto), and carbon. Follow-up meetings are scheduled inTokyo and greater involvement of the food industry is anticipated.

○Project Members◎ MCGREEVY, Steven( RIHN,PL,WG1-5 )Robert○ AKITSU, Motoki( Kyoto University,Co-chair,WG2 )○ SHIBATA, Akira( Ritsumeikan University,Co-chair,WG4 )○ TAMURA, Norie( RIHN,Co-chair,WG3 )○ SUDO, Shigeto( National Institute for Agro-Environmental Sciences,Co-chair,WG4 )○ INABA, Atsushi( Kougakuin University,Chair,WG5 )○ TACHIKAWA, Masashi ( Ibaraki University,Co-chair,WG2 )○ HARA, Yuji
( Wakayama University,WG1 )○ TSUCHIYA, Kazuaki( Tokyo University,Co-chair,WG1 )○ KISHIMOTO-MO, Ayaka ( National Institute for Agro-Environmental Sciences,WG4 )○ TANAKA, Keiko( University of Kentucky,WG2 )○ NAKAMURA, Mari
( Nagoya Bunri University,WG2 )OOTA, Kazuhiko( RIHN,WG2 )KOBAYASHI, Mai( RIHN,WG3 )RUPPRECHT, Christoph( RIHN,WG1 )D.D.
SHIRATO, Yasuhito( National Institute for Agro-Environmental Sciences,WG4 )TERADA, Masahiro( RIHN,WG1 )NILES, Daniel( RIHN,WG3 )NISHIYAMA, Mima
( Chiba University,WG2 )HISANO, Shuji( Kyoto University,WG1 )HOSHINO, Satoshi( Kyoto University,WG1 )TSUJIMURA, Hideyuki ( Kyoto University,WG2 )81
Research Projects

WATANABE, Gaku
YOSHIKAWA, Naoki
TAHARA, Kiyotaka
HAYASHI, Kiyotada
KAWASHIMA, Yumie
KATO, Koichi
IHA, Katsunori
YOSHIDA, Yoshihiro
YAMADA, Harumi
SUGIMOTO, Ikuo
KUBOTA, Asuka
KATANO, Naoko
THAITAKOO, Danai
SRITHANYARAT,
Suebsiri
KANTAMATURAPOJ,( Mahidol University,WG2 )KanangWIBULPOLPRASERT,( International Health Policy Program Foundation (Ministry of Public Health,
Suwit
Thailand),WG2 )KOOHAFKAN,( World Agricultural Heritage Foundation,WG3 )Abolghassem Parviz
ZHOU, Sheng( Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences,WG4 )AUGUSTIN-JEAN, Louis( The Hong Kong Polytechnic University,WG1 )CHOW, Sungming( The Hong Kong Polytechnic University,WG1 )CHHETRI, Rekha( Royal University of Bhutan,WG3 )□ ZHANG, Lei( Renmin University of China,Project Advisor )□ COHEN, Maurie J.
( New Jersey Institute of Technology,Project Advisor )□ JUSSAUME, Ray( Michigan State University,Project Advisor )○ Future ThemesSpecific plans for Full Research year one (4.2016-3.2017) are outlined as follows.
WG1 & WG2 — WG1 has the most important job of FR1 in that it will collect and process data on actualand potential national, regional, and local food supplies, agricultural production, and foodconsumption (including POS data) to create interactive GIS-based “foodshed maps” useful for planning,modeling, and public education for the three Japan sites (Kyoto, Noshiro, Nagano). These maps andadditional data analysis of each site’s “holistic local food security” are then handed over to WG2 to
be used in multi-stakeholder workshops at each of the three Japan sites. WG1, WG2, and local
stakeholders will then collaborate on the writing of a report specific to each site with the tentative
title of “Our Food System: Present and Future”— this report will be published and distributed widely at
the site to generate greater local involvement in the FEAST project process. After further
experimentation with workshop formats and pedagogies, WG2 will also draft a workshop manual to be
updated as further workshops are conducted. In FR1, WG2 will expand its local networks at each of thethree sites and host workshops with selected stakeholders and seminars and workshops for the generalpublic. A stakeholder forum is hoped to be formalized at each site to take part in long-term monitoring
exercises, such as reflective journal writing, surveys, and data collection on shopping and eating
habits. This data will be fed back into the WG1 for future modeling scenarios. WG1 will also begin foodsystem mapping in Chiang Mai, Thailand similar to that in Japan to provide insights into current

Research Projects( Kyoto University,WG1 )( Ritsumeikan University,WG4 )( Kyoto University,WG2 )( Doshisha University,WG2 )( Ritsumeikan University,WG1 )( Kyoto University,WG2 )( Miyagi Prefecture Kisennuma Regional Promotional Office, Fisheries
Department,WG5 )( University of Marine Science and Technology,WG5 )( Ritsumeikan University,WG5 )( Research Institute of Science for Safety and Sustainability,WG5 )( National Agriculture and Food Research Organization,WG5 )( AEON Retail,WG5 )( Seikatsu Club Consumers' Cooperative Union,WG2, WG5 )( Global Ecological Footprint Network,WG, WG5 )( Kyoto Prefecture, Agriculture, Forestry, and Fisheries Section,WG1, WG2 )( Tsukaisute Jidai wo Kangaeru Kai, Kyoto,WG1, WG2 )( Citizens Environmental Foundation, Kyoto,WG2, WG5 )( Amber Lab, Nagano City,WG2 )( Private Facilitator,WG2 )( Chulalongkorn University,WG1 )( Chulalongkorn University,WG1 )RIHNHIRAGA, Midori
TANABIKI, Yusuke
IWAHASHI, Ryo
OGA, Momoe
SUMOTO, Edward
NGUYEN, Philip
WATANABE, Kazuhiko

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RIHN Annual Report 2015

production, distribution, and consumption patterns and particular focus will be given to public healthand ecological problems exacerbated by rapid urbanization.
WG3 — FR1 will mainly involve field work, case study analysis, and networking. Field work will commenceat GIAHS sites in Japan and China, and around the Bhutanese city of Thimphu. The goal of this work will
be to assess the livelihood of farmers and the condition of rural farming communities. A modified
version of the sustainable livelihoods framework will be used to assist in this process (Hutton et al.
2015). Further inquiry into new farmer support structures will take place at sites in Japan and current
research results will be presented at the International Rural Sociological Association conference.
WG4 — This working group will complete its review of sustainable agriculture metrics and indicators
pertaining to ecological, economic, and social impacts from available sources. This work will then bepresented to WG2 and WG3 at the end of FR1 to initiate a discussion on developing indicators onjustice, care, and landscape aesthetics. These results will feed into preliminary designs for a local
ecological food label to be used in Kameoka City, Kyoto. Marketing analysis will gauge consumer
reaction.
WG5 —Food LCA and sustainability assessment data collection and analysis will prioritize certain target
foods, namely those with the high impact (dairy, meat, etc.) or opaque production processes (processedsnacks, drinks). A graduate student from Kogakuin University in Tokyo will be hired to assist in thedata compilation process. The WG5 team will expand to include more players from the food industry andseek their cooperation in the app development process. We will also approach the popular “Cookpad” appto see if there is interest in collaboration. An app developer will be selected through a “contest/competitive” format.
More general plans include:-In order to assist research activities, FEAST will hire a total of four research staff to be based at
RIHN, one senior researcher and three project researchers, over the next few months. Each researcher
will have expertise pertaining to a specific working group. An international call for applicants iscurrently underway.
-A total of six project members will attend the Second International Conference of the Sustainable
Consumption Research and Action Initiative (SCORAI) and host two sessions to introduce FEAST to the
SCORAI community.
-FEAST is working with the Future Earth Asia Regional Centre based at RIHN to create a knowledge-action
network (KAN) on sustainable consumption and production. This close involvement will give FEAST the
chance to interact with experts in the field and invite constructive criticism and advice on FEAST
research. We hope to use the KAN as a sounding board or ad hoc advisory board for the FEAST project anddisseminate research results within the greater Future Earth network.
-Promotional materials (website, pamphlets, etc.) will be designed in the spring of 2016.
The project has brought greater clarification to the Futurability Initiatives mission to theorize andrealize real-world impacts from research outputs via the strong emphasis on transition and socialchange. It has linked with international research initiatives and aligned itself over the next five
years to have relevance for the Sustainable Development Goals and Future Earth. In the future, theproject hopes to take a role in Future Earth Knowledge Action Networks, either in the nascent“ Transformation to Sustainability ” KAN or help to create a KAN on sustainable consumption andproduction. It is also hoped that the project will foster a stronger presence for RIHN in the local
community of Kyoto.

●Achievements○Books【Authored/Co-authored】

・Nishiyama, Mima 2015 Social business that connect villages and cities and revitalize rural areas..
Tsukuba Shoubo Publishers (in Japanese)

83
Research Projects【Chapters/Sections】

・Imaizumi, Aki & Motoki Akitsu 2015 What are the Moral Codes for Seed-Saving?: From the Interviews
with Practitioners in Japan.. Soraj Hongladarom (ed.) Food Security and Food Safety for the Twentyfirst Century: Proceedings of APSAFE2013. Springer, pp.229-240.
・ Cohen, Maurie J. 2015 Toward a post-consumerist future? Social innovation in an era of fading
economic growth.. Lucia A Reisch & John Thogersen (eds) (ed.) Handbook of Research on Sustainable
Consumption. Edward Elgar, pp.426-439.

RIHN○Editing

Research Projects【Editing / Co-editing】

・Kennedy, Emily Huddart, Maurie J. Cohen, and Naomi Krogman. (ed.) 2015 Putting Sustainability into
Practice: Applications and Advances in Research on Sustainable Consumption. Edward Elgar,○Papers【Original Articles】

・ Kobayashi, Mai, Chhetri, Rekha & Katsu Fukamachi 2015 Transition of Agriculture Toward Organic
Farming in Bhutan. Himalayan Study Monographs 15 :66-72.(reviewed).
・Augustine-Jean, Louis 2015 When Risks Turn to Uncertainties. Insights from the Food Market in China
and Japan. China Journal of Social Work 8(3) :247-267.(reviewed).

84
RIHN Annual Report 2015

Stage: Feasibility Study
Project No.:
Project Name: Developing a new usage of isotope tools for transdisciplinary approach to environmental studies
Abbreviated Title:
Project Leader: Ichiro Tayasu
Research Axis:
URL:
Key Words:○ Research Subject and Objectives
The RIHN considers that the global environmental issues find their roots in human culture.
Environmental degradation can be understood as an imbalance in the interaction between human beings andnatural systems. In the historical point of view, regulations have been issued to protect society fromenvironmental pollution. Environmental monitoring of chemical or biological substances has been
undertaken for this kind of problems. On the other hand, under the dynamic planet, knowledge andevidence about the physical, ecological and social mechanisms that underpin global and regional
environmental changes need to be combined (Future Earth 2014).
Knowledge Action Network, which aims at analyzing, understanding and enabling transformations tosustainability, requires applicability to adaptive monitoring, which combines knowledge and action in
local society. Among various approaches that can be applicable to the research, we focus on isotope
tools. This approach has successfully been applied to many previous projects in RIHN. Furthermore, thefact that RIHN is equipped with advanced isotope ratio mass spectrometers and elemental analysis
systems confirms the advantage of adopting the approach and developing a new type of application of
isotope tools for transdisciplinary approach.
An original approach adopted here is to use “Multi-Isoscapes” (multi-layered mapping of isotopic datausing geographic information system) together with various stakeholders. In applying the approach, we
collaborate with research project members in RIHN, outside of RIHN and various stakeholders to codesign theresearch and work together. The co-production of isotopic data and “Multi-Isoscapes”includes
educational activities in local schools, providing an opportunity to cooperate in research activity.
Recognition of Earth as an integrated system drew attention to the need to integrate approaches fromdifferent disciplines to tackle scientific questions about the complex processes making up the Earthsystem. The process of co-creation of knowledge consists of three fundamental steps throughout which
both academia and stakeholders are involved to varying degrees: co-design, co-production and codissemination (Mauser et al. 2013). This project aims to apply“Multi-Isoscapes” method as adaptive
monitoring approach to research areas in the RIHN, in order to revitalize RIHN’s research resources andto establish Knowledge Action Network leading to the basis of sustainable earth society.

○ Progress and Results in 2015
The Center-core member (Tayasu, Shin and Nakano) interviewed all PIs of current research projects (8 FR
and 1 PR) in September-October 2015. All PIs acknowledged the utility of isotope tools in the researchof environmental issues. Especially, the following PIs are willing to collaborate with the “Isotope
Tools” project; Profs. Okuda, Nakatsuka, Taniguchi, and Habu.
In discussing with the PIs, we found that future collaborations with upcoming IS/FS projects should beconsidered when their proposals are submitted to RIHN. Early stage is desired to consider potential
collaborations with the “Isotope Tools” project.
We visited most of the research sites together with the researchers, collaborators and citizens,
depending on the specificity of sites. We discussed how to start co-production in the forthcoming year.
(a) The Lake Biwa and the watershed: Collaborations with Prof. Okuda and the members of D-06 project.
(b) Otsuchi Area: Collaborations with Prof. Taniguchi and the members of R-08 project.
(c) Ono Area:Collaborations with Ono City.
(d) Saijo Area: Collaborations with Prof. Taniguchi and the members of R-08 project.

85
Research Projects(e) Chikusa river watershed: Collaborations with Prof. Ohkushi, Kobe University anda Nonprofit
Organization.
(f) Hei river and Tohoku region: Collaborations with Prof. Habu and the members of R-09 project.

○Project Members◎ TAYASU, Ichiro

SHIN, Ki-Cheol
KONDO, Yasuhisa○ Future Themes
The core project is designed to work collaboratively with research project members in RIHN, outside of
RIHN, and various stakeholders. Thus, the Core project is not an independent project.During the Core
project FS, we have developed collaborative relationships with the research teams about feasibility ofthe method. The most important point of the project is strong connection with local researchers andvarious stakeholders, including local government, local students, citizens, NPOs, and so on.
As a result, the PEC evaluated that our project needs to be improved, and we consider it important tomake more strong proposal to be feasible for a Core project FR in the fiscal year 2017.

Research Projects

NAKANO, Takanori( Research Institute for Humanity and Nature,Professor,Leader, Developing isotope
tools for environmental studies )( Research Institute for Humanity and Nature,Professor,Developing isotope tools
for environmental studies )( Research Institute for Humanity and Nature,Assistant Professor,Developing
isotope tools for environmental studies )( Research Institute for Humanity and Nature,Associate Professor,Developing GIS
platform of isotope tools for environmental studies )RIHN(g) Laguna de Bay in the Philippines and the watershed:Collaborations with Prof. Okuda and the membersof D-06 project.

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Stage: Feasibility Study
Project No.:
Project Name: Developing an information service to support the global environmental research based on societal
collaborations in the era of open science
Abbreviated Title: Open Science Core FS
Project Leader: Yasuhisa Kondo
Research Axis: Core Program
URL: http://www.chikyu.ac.jp/rihn/project/CFS-2015-03.html
Key Words: Open science, open research data, ideathon, unconference○ Research Subject and Objectives
1)

The contents of the methodology which the Core Project seeks to establish

This Core Project develops a methodology to accumulate, share, and reuse environmental knowledge andinformation produced by fieldwork-based research projects of the Research Institute of Humanity andNature (RIHN) and other institutions in order to accelerate scientific and social innovations to solve
environmental issues at both global and regional scales in collaboration with societal stakeholders inmore efficient and effective manner. To this end, we apply the concepts of open science, in which
research outputs are broadly shared with society and not only the academic communities.
2)

Necessity, utility, and the background of the methodology to solve global environmental issues

The mention of the open scientific research data in the 2013 G8 Science Ministers Statement (Foreign &Commonwealth Office of the United Kingdom, 2013) promoted the acceptance of open science. In 2015, theCabinet Office of Japan defined open science as “ a new approach to promoting innovation throughknowledge creation in science and technology,” and promoted access to and use of publicly funded
research results such as scientific papers and their underlying data by the scientific community,
various industries, and the general public alike (Cabinet Office of Japan, 2015). This policy may soon
impact the activities of the RIHN, which is funded by governmental agencies such as the Ministry of
Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan (MEXT); the Japan Society for the Promotionof Science (JSPS); and the Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST). Implementation of thisgovernmental policy trend may allow the RIHN to advance open science in the field of global
environmental studies, particularly through a transdisciplinary approach.
As society becomes more accustomed to the concepts of open science and the widespread sharing of
scientific data, striking research developments and innovations are expected to occur more frequently
as agents based in different areas from those generating data produce new interpretations anddiscoveries. These agents may include government staff, local residents, skilled volunteers (probonos), and science communicators, as opposed to conventional researchers working at universities or
research institutions. On the other hand, environmental issues are characterized by multiscalar spatiotemporal complexes of anthropogenic and environmental factors. Consequently, scientific data gatheredfrom empirical fieldwork are likely to be both dispersed and localized. Such disparity of data makes it
difficult to visualize causal connections between agents, events, and/or background factors in an
integrative manner beyond individual studies at a specific spatio-temporal scale. It is therefore
necessary to consider the transdiscipinary innovations in environmental research that are likely to be
produced through the integrative analysis of dispersed data, using both theoretical and practical
approaches.

○ Progress and Results in 2015
1)

Research Organization

The Open Science Core FS established a bilateral partnership with the Nutrient Cycling Project (D-06),
the Area Capability Project (D-05), and the Small-scale Economy Project (R-09) to conduct action
research. It also invited Yasuhiro Murayama (National Institute of Information and Communications
Technology/International Counsel for Science World Data System (ICSU-WDS)), Asanobu Kitamoto (NII), andYuzo Marukawa and Hirofumi Teramura (National Museum of Ethnology) to the FS meeting to exchange ideas.

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It should also be noted that both Core FSes established a strong tie with the Ontology Core Project andthe Environmental Isotope Core Project.
2)

Results

This Core Project was jointly been proposed by two Feasibility Studies (FSes) from the Center ’ s
Informatics Unit–––the Open Science Core FS directed by Yasuhisa Kondo and the Data Construction Core
FS by Tatsuki Sekino–––in accordance with the suggestion from the Project Review Task Committee (PRT)on the occasion of the annual general meeting in November 2015.
In October 2015, the Open Science Core FS held a workshop, at which were presented current issues on
the development of international open science policy (Yasuhiro Murayama), the importance of data
citation as “standing on the shoulder of giants” (Asanobu Kitamoto), the concept of a forum-stylemuseum being developed by the National Museum of Ethnology (Yuzo Marukawa), and current issues in the
RIHN projects mentioned above. The discussion implied that this Core Project should focus on a bidirectional collaboration with different areas of society, such as education, and the capacity buildingof human resources to promote open scientific research data. This workshop was followed by an ideathon
with Women Who Code Tokyo, a female pro bono group specializing in information and communication
technologies to develop ideas regarding information services that this Core Project could help develop.
This ideathon resulted in the concept of developing a web application to promote the recycling ofremoved waterweed as compost in the Lake Biwa area in collaboration with the Nutrient Cycling Project,
Shiga Prefectural Office, and local residents (Kondo et al. 2015).
On the other hand, the Data Construction Core FS created activity diagrams for the above-mentioned
research projects. This pilot research confirmed the feasibility that the retrieval and visualizationof object-activity relationships facilitated stakeholders ’ better understanding of the issues andaccelerated the reuse of disclosed research data.
Furthermore, a joint unconference, a style of group discussion for which topics were chosen byparticipants on site, was held in early February 2016 to highlight the current issues of open science.
3)

Feasibility Towards Core Project Full Research

Discussions with the collaborators and PRT referees consolidated the importance of the bottom-up
approach used by the RINH to promote open science in global environmental studies as aninterdisciplinary and transdisciplinary research domain. In particular, they found advantages in thedevelopment of theory, methods, and human resources to recycle and integrate multiscalar and dispersed
research data in environmental studies. It was also clear that the liaison with the RIHN research
projects and the Center, as well as the open science community in Japan, had fully been developed.
Joining the Open Science and Data Construction FSes, as well as the liaison between the two other Core
Projects, would consolidate the transdisciplinary research platform of the RIHN. Based on theseachievements, this Core Project was evaluated as highly feasible. However, it failed to transfer to a
Full Research Project at the stage of the Project Evaluation Committee meeting.

○Project Members
AMANO, Eriko
ASANO, Satoshi
HABU, Junko( Open science theories )( Research Institute for Humanity and Nature,Project Researcher,Feasibility studyof application development by civic tech )( Research Institute for Humanity and Nature,Professor,Application of open data
to RIHN's research projects )Research Projects

The Data Construction Core FS launched a bilateral collaboration with the Desertification Project(R-07) and the Historical Climate Adaptation Project (H-05) in addition to the Area Capability andSmall-scale Economy projects. It is also liaising with the Kyoto University Research Coordination
Alliance (KURCA).

RIHN

Furthermore, the FS successfully connected with the open science community in Japan, comprisingresearchers, administration officials, university research administrators, librarians, journal
publishers, and other stakeholders, by hosting a workshop and participating in five workshops organizedby the NII, the ICSU Committee in Data for Science for Technology (CODATA), and World Data Center for
Geomagnetism of Kyoto University.

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RIHN Annual Report 2015

HAYASHI, Kazuhiro( National Institute of Science and Technology Policy,Senior Research Fellow,Openscience policy )ISHIKAWA, Satoshi( Research Institute for Humanity and Nature,Associate Professor,Open science andtransdisciplinary approaches )KITAMOTO, Asanobu( National Institute of Informatics,Associate Professor,Open science theories )◎ KONDO, Yasuhisa( Research Institute for Humanity and Nature,Associate Professor,Project
coordination )KUMAZAWA, Terukazu ( Research Institute for Humanity and Nature,Assistant Professor,Open science
theories )KOMURA, Itsumi( Osaka University Library,Librarian,Role of data librarians in open science )MARUKAWA, Yuzo
( National Museum of Ethnology,Associate Professor,Open data in museums )MURAYAMA, Yasuhiro ( National Institute of Information and Communications
Technology,Director,International trends in open science )NISHIMURA, Yuichiro ( Nara Women's University,Associate Professor,Open data and open science )OKUDA, Noboru( Research Institute for Humanity and Nature,Associate Professor,Feasibility
study of application development by civic tech )ONISHI, Hideyuki( Doshisha Women's College of Liberal Arts,Associate Professor,Open science andtransdisciplinary approaches )SEKINO, Tatsuki( Research Institute for Humanity and Nature,Professor,Open science theories )SETO, Toshikazu( Center for Spatial Information Science, The University of Tokyo,Project
Assistant Professor,Open data and open science )TAYASU, Ichiro( Research Institute for Humanity and Nature,Professor,Application of open
research data to isotope environmental science )TERAMURA, Hirofumi ( National Museum of Ethnology,Assistant Professor,Feasibility study of fieldresearch data recycling )YASUTOMI, Natsuko( Research Institute for Humanity and Nature,Assistant Professor,RIHN Archives )○ Future Themes
Upon completion of this Core Project, the impact of open science was expected to transform the global
environmental studies research community by visualizing the research processes of the RIHN andassociated research agents in a more transparent way and by realizing the sharing of theories, methods,
and practical tips with various stakeholders. Moreover, integration of the dispersed information on
individual subjects by different projects or researchers would result in an increasing number of socialand scientific innovations. These transformations will certainly benefit the progress in global
environmental research by contributing to providing wider options for political decision, forinstance.
Tools, services, and practical theory and methods developed by this Core Project would successively bepackaged and served by an operational project (known as jigyō) of the RIHN Center (hereafter referred
to as “the Center”), with outputs from other Core projects incorporated. Spin-off applications andresearch projects were also expected.
Visualization of object-activity relationships in various
spatio-temporal domains would illustrate an entire map of the global environmental issues, which the
RIHN has been seeking as its primary mission.
In the fiscal year 2016, a Core Project FS titled "Visualizing and filling gaps of knowledge
information between actors in the research to solve social issues" will jointly proposed by this Core
Project FS and another FS titled "Designing common language and common theoretical basis on global
environmental studies" (directed by Terukazu Kumazawa).

●Achievements○Papers【Original Articles】

・Yasuhisa Kondo, Satoshi Ishikawa, Mami Enomoto 2015,12 Developing an information service to support
global environment research through collaboration with pro bonos. IPSJ Symposium Series 2015(2) :131-138. (in Japanese) In Japanese with English abstract.

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・ Yasuhisa Kondo, Takehiro Miki, Taichi Kuronuma, Takashi Oguchi 2015,08 On-site digital heritage
inventory development at Bat, Oman. ISPRS Annals of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial
Information Sciences II-5/W3 :145-152. DOI:10.5194/isprsannals-II-5-W3-145-2015.(reviewed).This work
is distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.

【Oral Presentation】

・Hideyuki Onishi Subsistence Activities of Indigenous People Before and After the Collapse of theSoviet Union: A Case Study of Two Nanai Villages in Amur Region. Conference on Hunting and Gathering
Societies (CHAGS) 11, 2015,09,07-2015,09,11, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
【Poster Presentation】

・Toshikazu Seto, Yoshihide Sekimoto, Shusaku Higashi A Study of the Development and Distribution ofOpen Geospatial Data in Japanese Local Governments. FOSS4G Seoul, 2015,09,14-2015,09,19, Seoul,
South Korea.
【Invited Lecture / Honoronary Lecture / Panelist】

・Kazuhiro Hayashi Recent state of policy development and research activities in Japan for sharing
research outputs. The International Chemical Congress of Pacific Basin Societies 2015,
2015,12,15-2015,12,20, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA.
・Kazuhiro Hayashi Potential of open science to change the framework of manufacturing beyond industry
4.0. 28th International Microprocesses and Nanotechnology Conference, 2015,11,10-2015,11,15, Toyama
International Conference Center, Toyama, Japan.
・Yasuhisa Kondo Open science in the context of transdisciplinary research. CS-DC '15 e-conference,
2015,09,30-2015,10,01, Tempe, Arizona, USA.Invited talk at the Open Systems Exploration e-session.

Research Projects

・Hideyuki Onishi Landscape Shift in the Indigenous Village by Communism as Modernization:A Case Studyon Two Nanai Villages in Amur Region. Association for East Asian Environmental History (EAEH)
2015: : The Third Conference of East Asian Environmental History, 2015,10,22-2015,10,25, Kagawa
University, Takamatsu, Japan.

RIHN○Research Presentations

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RIHN Annual Report 2015

Stage: Feasibility Study
Project No.:
Project Name: Designing Common Language and Common Theoretical Basis on Global Environmental Studies
Abbreviated Title: common language and theoretical basis
Project Leader: Terukazu KUMAZAWA
Research Axis:
URL:
Key Words:○ Research Subject and Objectives
1) The contents of the theory and methodology which the Core Project seeks to establish
This core project aims at designing common language and common theoretical basis on global
environmental studies. The knowledge which contributes to solving global environmental issues is
produced in academic communities as well as designed and produced in the process of collaboration withstakeholders. This means the research process of the global environmental studies by means oftransdisciplinary approach, but what functions as a mechanism in this collaboration process?
This core project focuses on exploring this collaboration mechanism as well as on contributing to thesmooth communication with researchers and stakeholders by referring the common knowledge. The research
process of this project is organized as follows. First, we is propose common manners to make acollaboration process smooth. Second, we develop common language. Third, we construct linkage model
between cases by means of common language. Through these series of works this core project will realize
the development of the methodology as a basis for solving global environmental issues in collaboration
between science and society.
2) Necessity, utility, and the background of the theory and methodology to solve global environmental
issuesThe mode of the global environmental studies are in the stream from knowledge-first approach toprocess-oriented approach (Miller(2013)). The development to assess collaboration process appropriately
is necessary in interdisciplinary approach which constitutes the theoretical basis of the global
environmental researchand in transdisciplinary approach by which researchers and practitioners tackles
issues together (Stokols et al.(2010)). For such assessment we need a kind of design principle forcollaboration process design, but such principles have not been established in the field of global
environmental research yet.
Therefore, this research makes it a goal to establish the design principles through discussing thecollaborative seeking process reflecting philosophy and ethics domains of the sustainability of thesocial-ecological systems. As Tachimoto (2012) discussed, there have been discussions to an extent fromthe model synthesis perspective. These discussions were conducted as part pf constructing the frameworkof the design science, which is one of the main concepts in the Second Period Medium- Term Programs of
the Research Institute for Humanity and Nature (RIHN).
However, the ways of designing spaces for dialogue and of constructing knowledge structure has not been
sufficiently discussed yet in RIHN. The novelty of this research approach can be found in terms thatthe approach in the context of constructionism is fused with the model based synthesis approach.

○ Progress and Results in 2015
1) Research Question
The research question of this core project is what functions as a mechanism in this collaboration
process of the global environmental studies in the context of transdisciplinary approach.
Knowledge is represented through various ways of expression in the interdisciplinary ortransdisciplinary approach in global environmental researches. For example, questions and goals can beformats of expression, while a framework figure is a more structural way of expression. Furthermore, it
is also no wonder that the ways of expression is illustrations or videos. The appropriate combinationof such expression ways is considered to enable a collaboration process to be made smooth. But in thefirst place we need understanding whether these expression ways have to be based on some basic design
or format of knowledge or not. This is an essential and fundamental question to discuss design of the

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RIHN
Research Projects

global environmental studies. This core project calls such design formats or principles ofcollaboration process design the theoretical basis of the global environmental research.
This theoretical basis requires that it provides the manners to make collaboration processes smooth
as well as systematizes the global environmental studies. On a parallel with discussing the theoreticalbasis, the development of some kinds of common language is necessary to describe such common manners
and systems. But the development of the common language does not intend to force us to talk by using
the common language, but aims at referring to the common language in order to compare terms orframeworks used in individual academic communities mutually.
Focusing on the research titles of the RIHN research projects, for example, the ‘key concepts’ such as‘Area Capability’ and ‘Human-Environmental Security’ are so difficult to understand though they standfor the originality of these research issues. Such obscurity makes our understanding about the research
project overviews hard. If we represent these key concepts by the combination of terms in the common
language, it will enables us to understand the key concepts easier and to grasp them in relation toother key concepts. As a result, such systematization will contribute to understanding the overall
picture of the global environmental studies which RIHN is attempting to show.
2) Research Structure / Organization that Your Core Project has established thus far.
(1) Collaboration with the RIHN research projects:
The principal investigator of this core project FS is involved in the “Human-Environmental Security in
Asia-Pacific Ring of Fire: Water-Energy-Food Nexus” FR, the “Lifeworlds of Sustainable Food Consumption
and Production: Agrifood System in Transition” PR and the “Local Standard in Globalization: Social
Inclusive Approaches towards Transformation of Local Communities” FS. This situation means that thiscore project FS succeeded in collaborating with the project proposals based on all of the GAIA, OIKOS
and ETHOS, which are the futurability initiatives of RIHN.
We focused on “ the ontological framework to analyse the sustainability of the social- ecologicalsystems” proposed by Elinor Ostrom (2007, 2009) as a common analytical framework of these project
proposals. By constructing the ontology to describe the analytical framework we defined and classified
the concepts which constitute the basic framework of the global environmental studies (Kumazawa et al.
(2014.06)). Now we are improving the ontology of the global environmental studies from the aspect of
the Water-Energy-Food Nexus as a collaboration of the “Human-Environmental Security in Asia-Pacific
Ring of Fire: Water-Energy-Food Nexus” FR and information division.
(2) Situation of collaboration with other research institutes and researchers of such institutes:
Through the projects of the Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research (KAKENHI) the principal investigatorof this core project FS is in collaboration with the researchers of the following universities andresearch institutes:a) The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research, Osaka University (ISIR)b) Center for Environmental Innovation Design for Sustainability, Osaka University (CEIDS)c) Graduate School of Policy Science, Ritsumeikan Universityd) Disaster Prevention Research Center, Aichi Institute of Technologye) Lake Biwa Environmental Research Institute, Shiga Prefectural Government(3) Situation of collaboration with the related stakeholders
The principal investigator of this core project is sufficiently in cooperation with local governments
and citizen groups in the suburban areas of Kyoto City through the following activities:a) The member of organizers of the “Round Table for the Future in Takashima” facilitated by the Centerfor Citizen Collaboration and Communication of Takashima (Takashima City, Shiga Prefecture)b) Supporting the series of the workshops involving the groups of field activities in, which were
implemented to formulate the Kizugawa City Action Plan for Maintaining Regional Cooperation on
Biodiversity (Kizugawa City; Kyoto Prefecture) (Kumazawa et al.(2015.05))
3) Research Result of Your Core Project FS(1) Extracting the issues to discuss the systematization of the sustainability science andenvironmental studies domain
This core project FS held the research meetings twice to review the existing literatures in the fieldof the sustainability science and global environmental studies and to discuss based on these
literatures. In the first meeting we extracted the following three issues: ‘research perspective’,‘difference of the starting points by individual academic communities’ and ‘security of falsifiability
and responsibility of researchers’. According to these extracted issues, in the second meeting we
deepened the understanding about how to be knowledge produced in the cooperation of the society.
(2) Holding the seminars to define the basic terms used in the global environmental research

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RIHN Annual Report 2015

This core project held the seminars titled “Theory and practice of ontology engineering” twice. We
deepened the understanding about the description of the target world from the aspect of ontology
engineering towards providing the common definition of the basic terms in the field of the global
environmental studies.
(3) Discussing the roles the common language plays and the possibility of utilizing the ontology
engineering approachThis core project discussed the roles of the common language in the process of synthesizing knowledge
through the workshop experiments for research development. The experiments were implemented incollaboration with the “Human-Environmental Security in Asia-Pacific Ring of Fire: Water-Energy-Food
Nexus” FR (Kumazawa et al. (2016)). Now we are conducting the works to find the research questions
hidden in the discussion under the research collaboration process. The procedure of the work is
conducted as follows. First, the necessary terms to deliberate the global environmental research are
extracted from the dialogs in the workshops. Second, the common properties included in multiple terms
are systematized as a concept in the ontology.

○Project Members◎ Terukazu KUMAZAWA( RIHN Center,Assisstant Professor,management, collaboration design research,development of global environmental studies ontology )○ Future Themes
1) Publishing a review paper dealing with the discussion about systematization and collaboration designin the sustainability science and environmental studies domain
It is necessary to implement a lot of literature reviews to deepen understanding of systematization andcollaboration design in the sustainability science and environmental studies domain. Based on thesereviews we should submit a review paper to an international journal of the sustainability science andenvironmental studies field. Through the publishing this review paper the position of this research
proposal in this field will be established.
We need the following three issues after the issue 1).
2) Proposing common manners to make collaboration process smoothThis core project first extracts the condition to make communication in the process of collaboration
process smooth through seeking the collaboration mechanism. Second, we propose the common manners
reflecting this condition. Concretely, we implement research development workshops to propose the newresearch issues of which the research seeds are derived from the outcomes of the finished research
projects.
In the courses of these workshops we hold sub events dealing with particular expression ways. For
example, we focus on utilizing video and illustration, proposing questions and goals and designing
framework figures in the sub events. We record the events and analyse the processes of the events.
We first hold the workshops which only experts participate in as part of the interdisciplinary
approach. Second, we hold the workshops which both experts and non-experts participate in as part of
the transdisciplinary approach. Third, we discuss the difference between the interdisciplinary andtransdisciplinary approach in communication, and finally clarify the conditions to make thecommunication smooth.
3) Developing common language
This core project focuses on ontology engineering as a method fulfilling the requirement of the common
language. Ontology engineering is one of the basic technology, which provides common terms, concepts
and semantics. We first extract the concepts used in the RIHN research project including “HumanEnvironmental Security in Asia-Pacific Ring of Fire: Water-Energy-Food Nexus” and “Lifeworlds of
Sustainable Food Consumption and Production: Agrifood Systems in Transition ” , which are incollaboration with this core project FS. Second, we incorporate the extracted concepts in the ontologyof the global environmental studies. We are also planning to increase the target research projects inseries. As for the key concepts standing for the individual research projects, the key concepts of all
the projects regardless of running or finished ones are incorporated into the ontology.
4) Constructing linkage model between cases by means of common language
This core project build the website from which we release the developed ontology. Through the concepts
in this ontology the websites and web databases related to the RIHN research projects and the websitesof local governments, environmental NGOs/NPOs and community organizations are mutually linked. For thispurpose, we extract necessary link information and makes a database of the link information. In
addition, the ontology is linked with the web databases inside or outside of RIHN. The web-based tool

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Research Projects

implemented through these works for linkages is used experimentally in the collaboration process withresearchers and practitioners, and finally proposed as a linkage model between cases by means of common
language.

○Papers

・Keishiro Hara・Terukazu Kumazawa・Michinori Kimura・Kazutoshi Tsuda 2015,11 Participatory approach invision setting: emerging initiatives in local municipalities in Japan. Sustainability Science First
online(07 November 2015) :1-11. DOI:10.1007/s11625-015-0347-z.(reviewed).
・Aiko Endo・Kimberly Burnett・Pedcris M. Orencio・Terukazu Kumazawa・Christopher A. Wada・Akira Ishii・
Izumi Tsurita and Makoto Taniguchi 2015,10 Methods of the Water-Energy-Food Nexus. Water 7(10) :5806-5830. DOI:10.3390/w7105806.(reviewed).
○Research Presentations【Oral Presentation】

・ Michinori Kimura, Jageyu Kim, Takashi Iwakawa, Terukazu Kumazawa Examination of the Roundtable
technique for Sustainable Society regional vision realize - A Case Study of Shiga Prefecture
Takashima of "Takashima future-Roundtable" -. 9th International Symposium on “ Environmentally
Conscious Design and Inverse Manufacturing” (EcoDesign2015), 2015,12,02-2015,12,04, Tokyo.
【Poster Presentation】

・Terukazu Kumazawa, Keishiro Hara, Yasuhisa Kondo Interdisciplinary research development in global
environmental issues using experiments with ontology engineering. Japan Geoscience Union Meeting
2015, 2015,05,24-2015,05,28, Makuhari Messe International Conference Hall, Chiba, Japan.

Research Projects【Original Articles】

RIHN●Achievements

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RIHN Annual Report 2015

Incubation Studies
Social optimization of water-energy nexus in small-scale distributed system for poverty alleviation
KANEKO Shinji (Graduate School for International Development and Cooperation , Hiroshima University)
It is desirable strategy for rural poor households in disadvantaged areas of developing countries to pursue sustainable development while harmonizing local environment and locally utilizing renewable natural resources as muchas possible. As one of possible means to move forward, we focus on integrated system of multiple uses between
renewable energy and water resources, as propagated by “water-energy nexus”. This IS research project, thus, broadly
examined scope and framework for studying optimal scale of the system from various disciplinary perspectives
including both technical and non technical factors, whereas the efficiency is regarded as comprehensively as possible.
As outcome of the examination, the followings were discussed and reflected in the research plan of the next step:(i) technically larger system would be preferable, whereas socially smaller system would be preferable; (ii) technically
optimal design of the system is different among stages of development, maintenance and operation; (iii) benefit
measurement requires careful treatment of selection biases; (iv) there might be threshold that discontinuously increase
the benefits; and (v) social capital or altruistic behavior has important implications to introduction of public goods inisolated rural communities.

Transformational change of regional society with high-pollutant risk by transdisciplinary approach andsustainable remediation technology
SAKAKIBARA Masayuki (Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Ehime University)
The aims of IS research are as follows: ① to examine how areas at risk of high levels of pollution can respond
adaptively to such risk, and ② to investigate how communities can be transformed, using a transdisciplinary approachbased on an integrated science-humanities perspective, collaborations with stakeholders, and the introduction ofsustainable ‘green’ technology using plants.
In this IS research, preparations have begun for study enforcement of the case studies in various regions.
Accordingly, Kotomobagu City in North Sulawesi Province has been added as a new case study, and a literature reviewof traditional community organization in Indonesia has been completed. In addition, we have engaged in comprehensive dialogue with various stakeholders in artisanal and small-scale gold mining (ASGM) areas in the North Gorontalo
Regency and Bone Bolango Regency in Gorontalo Province, and have started dialogue with various stakeholders in
the ASGM area in the Bombana Regency in Southeast Sulawesi Province. The results of this study are expected toprovide substantial new knowledge on the mitigation of pollution.

Interdisciplinary Comparative Research of Human Uniqueness: Re-interpreting the Formation of Ancient
Civilizations from Cognitive (Brain, Genome) Sciences and Global Environmental Studies
SUGIYAMA Saburo (Graduate School of International Cultural Studies, Aichi Prefectural University)
We need to analyze the formation process of human’s unique civilizations to better understand global environmental problems and to establish sustainable societies since ecological conditions substantially changed as civilizations
formulated. Only modern humans successfully peopled all over the world and drastically increased their populationthat shifted existing natural environments. Human’s unique nature, collaborative behavior principles, and their socialorganizations were among main factors which fundamentally triggered environmental changes. The study examinessocial evolutionary processes mainly from the time of plant/animal domestications, through the formation of ancientstates and social complexities, to better understand modern environmental issues from long-term historical transdisci-

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Research Projects

Co-creating the Spatially-explicit Integrated Knowledge for Climate Change Adaptation of Local
Communities
YOSHIDA Takehito (Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo)
Climate change including temperature warming, precipitation change and ocean acidification has various impacts
on our human society, such as natural disasters, food production, water use, health and biodiversity, threatening directly
and indirectly the existence of the society. Promoting the adaptation to climate change risks in the local communities
is the ultimate goal of the project, and we set the two research objectives to realize the goal; 1) integrated analysis ofclimate change risks and their visualization, and 2) co-creation of climate change adaptation based on the spatiallyexplicit integrated knowledge of climate change risks. During the Incubation Study phase, we reviewed researches on
climate change risks in different areas of expertise in order to define the research needs for the integrated analysis ofclimate change risks in local communities. We also developed the core concept of the project and considered thepossibility of the implementation of climate change adaptation in the candidate local communities.

Exploratory Studies on Human Adaptation Mechanism to Modern Plague
YAMAMOTO Taro (Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki University)
This research aims to evaluate how environmental change affects the micro-ecosystem within our body, resulting
in, what’s so called, modern plagues such as obesity, diabetes mellitus, allergy, inflammatory bowel diseases, andautism. Based upon such evaluation, we are to understand the comp I ex interaction between macro (outside) – andmicro(inside)-(our)ecosystem. During last one year as a period of IS, we have been establishing the basic frameworkof ground rules for that understanding. As a result, collaboration between medicine, molecular biology, anthropology

Research Projects

Mathematical-geographical Modelling on Divergencies of Humanity and Nature in Early and Pre-modern
WorldsMURAYAMA Satoshi (Faculty of Education, Kagawa University)
The purpose of this research is to reveal the historical process of the separation of humans from nature based on
a comparative environmental history approach. We will employ mathematical-geographical modelling to identify theunderlying mechanism, present a future vision of local environments and conduct action research based on and to
reinforce our findings. In fiscal year 2015, we had intense discussions to clarify the concept of this research projectand checked whether the proposed NaMAC cycle would function. First, we performed a nationwide review of thepreservation status of topographic-historical sources, such as Gunson-shi and Koukoku-chishi from early modern
Japan and verified the effectiveness of mathematical-geographical modelling at an academic level in an area in
Kyoto which was known as Otagi-gun, early modern Amakusa and Aki-gun in Tosa. Then, in order to confirm thestrong relevance with action research, we conducted a couple of fieldworks in Otagi-gun and deepened our partnershipwith the Satoumi project in Hinase, Okayama, which is one of the most successful practices derived from local
environmental history. We also selected areas for international comparative research and sought collaboration withoverseas researchers.

RIHN

plinary perspectives that would be essential to build “Future Earth”. We first dedicated to discussions on theories andstrategies with experts in DNA, bacteria, brain sciences, archaeology, anthropology, ecology and astronomy in termsof “human uniqueness”, and selected specific research questions and target area/time for our FS proposal. Our FS will
focus on the Mexican central highlands and Andes areas in Peru, places of origins for ancient civilizations in the New
World to run comparative studies in the following stages.

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RIHN Annual Report 2015

and archeology gets this IS moving forward, suggesting that the phenomenon being considered as noise play animportant role in such interaction. In addition, it lets us reconsider that we never live alone both in macro-environment
and micro-one.

Study on Causality between Economic Globalization and Local Environments by the Multi-framing
Approach
OKI Kazuo (Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo)
Southeast Asia has a large capacity of population aliment due to rich water resources and food. The large population has supported the rapid urbanization driven by economic globalization. As a result, some environmental problems
in urban area have become serious such as the tight balance of water supply-demand and increase of exhausted
environmental loads. In rural area, due to the paradigm shift in agriculture from subsistence to cash crop farming, someenvironmental problems have been arising; soil erosion because of forest cultivation driven by farmland expansion andwater pollution because of excessive input of fertilizers and pesticides. The relations between economic globalizationand these local environmental problems, however, have not been revealed clearly. Therefore, stakeholders do nothave the common realization of their weight and range of responsibility for local environmental problems, so that aneffective framework of problem solving has not been established.
In this IS project, we reviewed the relations between scales and framework of problem solving in previous studies
and existing institutions concerning local environmental problems related to water use and food production.

Assessing and Predicting Fluctuations in the Functional Diversity of Satoyama Paddy Landscapes in East
Asia’s Monsoon Region: Towards the Creation of New Satoyama in Response to the Transformation of
Rural Society
HOMMA Kosuke (Faculty of Agriculture, Niigata University)
This study aims to evaluate maintenance and management systems for satoyama ecosystems in East Asian countries,
and to present prescriptions for the ongoing maintenance of satoyama’s diverse functionality within the contemporarysocial context. During IS term, we performed seven meetings, investigated domestic and international trends inresearches involving this project, and reconstructed a framework by clarifying problems and establishing study
methods. In addition, we went to Thai and Laos to select research sites suitable for pursuing this project andinvestigated the current farming methods and agricultural product marketing in these areas. Moreover, we built up
partnerships with several researchers and a research organization in the study areas. We believe these activities will
enhance the originality and feasibility of our project.

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Research Projects

Completed Research (CR) Follow-up Grants

Support for the 9th National Health Research Forum of Lao PDR in 2015
MOJI Kazuhiko (Graduate School of International Health Development, Nagasaki University)
The 9th National Health Research Forum (NHRF) of Lao PDR was held at Vientiane on October 13 and 14, 2015,
organized by the National Institute of Public Health (NIOPH), Ministry of Health. A total of 149 researchers and policy
makers attended the forum and 34 oral presentations and 26 poster presentations were made. The First National
Health Research Forum was held in 2007 in Vientiane, eight years ago when the RIHN Ecohealth Project was at the
preparation stage. Prof. Dr. Boungnong Boupha, Dr. Kongsap Akkhavong, and her/his staff and the RIHN project
members wished to promote health and environmental research in Lao PDR, through communication and exchangeof scientific findings and ideas, sharing research information and seeking possibility for future collaboration byorganizing the annual NHRF. The NHRFs has played a very important role in promoting health research in Lao
PDR and in building research capacity of many domestic researchers as well as international researchers.

Network Development for Establishing an Integrated Management Model of R. Syr Darya with Special
Emphasis on Environmental Preservation
KUBOTA, Jumpei (RIHN)
After the collapse of the former USSR and the independence of present central Asian countries, conflicts and lackof coordination on resources and environmental issues have been arisen among countries. The aim of this research is
to develop the research network which originally was founded in the RIHN’s Ili Project, and to extend its activities
with various stakeholders in central Asia. In 2015, we investigated present status and opinions of international organizations on Aral Sea conservation: International Fund for Saving the Aral Sea (IFAS) and Interstate Coordination Water
Commission (ICWC) in Tashkent. We had interviews with Mr. Shukhrat Talipov, vice president of IFAS and Dr. Vadim
Sokolov of ICWC. We discussed the future possibility of stakeholders’ network in Central Asia. We organized a special
session on Aral Sea in the World Congress of International Council for Central and East European Studies in Makuhari
on August 8, 2015.

Research Projects

Outreach Activity for Network Development in Malaysia
SAKAI Shoko (Center for Ecological Research, Kyoto University)
We visited Kuching, Sarawak, Malaysia to organize the international symposium “Frontier in Tropical Forest
Research: Progress in Joint Projects between the Forest Department Sarawak (FDS) and the Japan Research Consortium
for Tropical Forests in Sarawak (JRCTS)” hosted by JRCTS and FDS. At the symposium we introduced results of ourstudies, and also shared perspectives about seeds of future researches and capacity building. We also visited Universityof Sarawak and discussed about potential research plans and exchanges of researchers and students.

RIHN

These grants allow CR Project Leaders or team members to disseminate their research results to both theacademic community and the general public, to contribute to the RIHN Archive, and to incubate new research ideas
for future development as RIHN projects.

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RIHN Annual Report 2015

Network Development for Establishing an Integrated Management Model of R. Syr Darya with Special Emphasis
on Environmental Preservation
The Establishment of the Occasion on Opinion and Information Exchange for Rural Development,
Environmental Conservation and Health Promotion in Highland Mountainous Village
OKUMIYA Kiyohito (Center for Southeast Asian Studies, Kyoto University)
We conducted the research work as well as co-working activities with villagers individual will in order to cometrue the virtuous circle of economy, environment, and health. In this fiscal year, we brought the sample of guidebook
at the village, and made an interview with 11 people who were willing to work for rural development to identify the
background of returning to the home village. We added and modified the existing list of property, address, and occupation of dwelling villagers compared with previous list made in 2010. The disclose of the information and communicationfrom the website of Facebook page was set up by both counterpart and our research team as our contribution work.
As a result, the contents of the business varied from 30s, 40s and 50s of managers respectively and nine of eleveninformants took a consideration of returning to the home village. Modified list indicated that the depopulation ofhamlet close to urban city of this region was much bigger than remote ones and percentage share of dwelling
people confined to the level of 30%. It resulted in the serious hollowing out and appeared the critical needs of ruraldevelopment independently.

Evaluation of Social Experiment for Sustainable Risk Management
KADA Ryohei (Shijonawate Gakuen University)
By inviting Ms. Buen from the Philippines, we held a special seminar, discussing about the follow-up study oftrans-sectoral, trans-disciplinary research on resource conservation. Ms. Buen will present a paper on Yaman ng Lawa
(Blessing of the Lake, in Tagalog) experiences in Calamba City, especially with respect to the challenges of adaptive
community participation in lake resource conservation for sustainable livelihood in Laguna de Bay, as she has beenvery active as project coordinator of Yaman ng Lawa collaborative research project with RIHN, UP Los Banos andLaguna Lake Development Authority for 2011-14.

Developing a New Framework for Forest Resource Management in Semi-arid Land: By Seeking an
Appropriate Way of Utilization of Indigenous and Alien Species in Eastern Sudan
NAWATA Hiroshi (Faculty of International Resource Science, Akita University)
This project aims to set a new framework for forest resource management in arid land, by seeking an appropriate
way of utilization of indigenous and alien species in eastern Sudan, to contribute livelihood improvement at local level.

Developing City Sustainability Index (CSI) System and Implementation of Case Method
Muramatsu Shin (Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo)
We have carried out two activities: development of additional indicators in City Sustainability Index system,
and implementation of case method education for Jakarta city sustainability in Bogor Agricultural University.
We have added 10 additional indicators, and re-evaluated 18 megacities based on updated data. We found 5
sustainable megacities: Karachi, Mumbai, Jakarta, Dhaka, and Cairo. Karachi is the most sustainable city, although its
standardized total value of maximization indicators is the 11th largest of 18 megacities which include non-sustainableones.
We have created a case of Jakarta city sustainability that is able to be used in case method education. We provided

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Research Projects

RIHN

a provisional educational workshop in Shiga University and the University of Tokyo, and an educational workshop in
Bogor Agricultural University. 46 students in Bogor Agricultural University participated in it. Based on an analysis ofquestionnaire survey, we figured out several positive educational effects. For example, they have considered economic
and social aspects in addition to environmental dimension in terms of sustainability after the workshop we provided.

Research Projects

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RIHN Annual Report 2015

Centers for Research Development (CRD)
and Promotion (CRP)The Center for Coordination, Promotion and Communication (CCPC), which was established in 2007, has been
responsible for cross-project, cross-domain investigation, research and support that concerns the entire institute. In
order to intensify its function, CCPC divided into two centers, namely the Centers for Research Development (CRD)
and Promotion (CRP) in 2013.
The CRD consists of four units. The Planning Unit is chiefly responsible for establishing RIHN’s long term visionand organizing fundamental committees, including those related to project evaluation and personnel affairs. The
Initiative Framework Unit serves as a cross-cutting mechanism to capture and synthesize key contributions of individual- and institutional-collaboration projects and to develop new research projects within RIHN (the ‘initiative-based’
projects). The Collaboration Nexus Unit facilitates the internal and external research networks. The Future Earth Unit
coordinates RIHN engagement with the international Future Earth initiative.
The Center for Research Promotion (CRP) is divided into three units. The Survey and Analysis Unit develops andmaintains the laboratory facilities necessary for research and fieldwork. The Informatics Unit builds the databases andarchives supporting ongoing research. Finally, the Communication and Production Unit determines how communication regarding RIHN research, processes and outcomes should be established with academic, public and user-specificcommunities
The CRD and CRP also collaborate with the research department and administrative office to coordinate the task
forces, working groups and administrative units involved in RIHN’s ordinary operation and special events.
● Key Research Tasks
In RIHN’s second phase, the Core Research Hub has been established within the CRD.  It focuses on the realization of the Futurability Initiatives by conjoining the existing RIHN Domain Programmes through a set of cross-cutting
initiatives towards transdisciplinary field of Environmental Humanics of the Earth System.  At present, it has nurtured
three Initiative-based Research Projects, “Designing Local Frameworks for Integrated Water Resources Management”,“Creation and Sustainable Governance of New Commons through Formation of Integrated Local Environmental
Knowledge”, and “Human-Environmental Security in Asia-Pacific Ring of Fire: Water-Energy-Food Nexus”.
● Building Research Data Networks
The CRD and CRP play a key role in facilitating RIHN’s environmental networking and communication, especially between academic institutions, cultural institutions, and the general public. It is involved in the creation andmaintenance of Asian environmental databases and project archives. It also supports the development of environmental
studies curricula in Japan’s public elementary, junior high and high schools.
The CRP and CRD promote cooperation between RIHN and research institutes both at home and abroad. One
such activity is the repository for the global environmental studies (tentative name), a project to create environmental
information networking nodes among a number of research institutes.
● Facilities and Equipment
The Survey and Analysis Unit in CRP maintains eighteen laboratories in the ground level of its main building,including specialized facilities for DNA and stable isotope analysis and mass spectrometry, as well as several rooms
for chemical and biochemical analysis, microscopy, incubation, hazardous materials, fieldwork preparation, sample
preparation and cold storage.

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Outreach Programs and Events

Outreach Programs and Events
1. RIHN International Symposium
RIHN 10th International Symposium
In order to diffuse the findings of an FR projects concluding in March 2016, the RIHN 10th International
Symposium “Beyond Stakeholder Engagement: The people, cultures, institutions, and ecologies of new water
governance” was held on 17-19 June 2015 at the RIHN Lecture Hall. The details of the symposium are as follows.

<Thursday 18 June>
Session 2: Knowledge Co-production in Water Governance: Stories from the field
Chair: ABE Ken-ichi (Symposium Chairperson, RIHN), Daniel NILES (RIHN) & Steven R. MCGREEVY (RIHN)<Stories from the Field>· The Power of Dialogical Tools in Water Resource Governance
KOTERA Akihiko (RIHN)· Motivating Farmers toward Environmental Conservation Practices
HASHIMOTO (WATANABE) Satoko (RIHN)· Gaps in Mutual Understanding in Interviews
SEKINO Nobuyuki (RIHN)· Lessons Learned in Co-producing Knowledge: Establishing the Saba River Basin Community, Bali
KATO Hisaaki (RIHN)· Towards New Local Water and Environment Policy in Saijo City, Ehime Prefecture
MASUHARA Naoki (RIHN)

Outreach Programs and Events

Session 1: Examining Local Water Management: Cases from Indonesia, Turkey and Japan
Chairs: HAMASAKI Hironori (Nagasaki University, Japan) & NAGANO Takanori (Kobe University, Japan)· Scientific Reality of Hydrological Traits and Human Mindset on Water and Land Use in the Upstream Saba River
Basin, BaliOUE Hiroki (Ehime University, Japan)· Channelling People, Science and Water: Transdisciplinary in practice, Indonesia
Dorotea Agnes RAMPISELA (RIHN)· Irrigation in Turkey: Remedy or misery?
Erhan AKCA (Adiyaman University, Turkey)· Water Management Related to Sustainability and Human Wellbeing: Beyond the IWRM from local water
sustainability
NAKAGAMI Ken’ichi (Ritsumeikan University, Japan/ RIHN)· Discussion

RIHN<Wednesday 17 June>
Opening Session
Chair: MCGREEVY, Steven R. (RIHN)· Opening Remarks: KUBOTA Jumpei (Deputy Director-General, RIHN)· Objectives of the Symposium: ABE Ken-ichi (RIHN)· Keynote Address 1: Water Governance in the Face of Global Change: From understanding to transformation
Claudia PAHL-WOSTL (University of Osnabrück, Germany)· Keynote Address 2: Transforming Scientific Knowledge in ‘Dialogical Tools’ for Environmental Resources
Management
Marco TODERI (Marche Polytechnic University, Italy)

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RIHN Annual Report 2015

<From Stories to Lessons in Social Learning from the Field>
Panelists: Claudia PAHL-WOSTL, Marco TODERI, KOTERA Akihiko, HASHIMOTO (WATANABE) Satoko,
SEKINO Nobuyuki, KATO Hisaaki, MASUHARA Naoki
Moderator: Steven R. MCGREEVY (RIHN)
Session 3: Re-thinking the Role of Culture in Resource Governance
Chair: ONISHI Yuko (RIHN)· Local Governance, Livelihoods and Climate Change: Lessons from swidden communities in Vietnam
Moira MOELIONO (Center for International Forestry Research, Indonesia)· “Tirta Budaya Situ”: A new concept for urban lake water culture
Ami Aminah MEUTIA (Osaka University, Japan/ RIHN)· Culture as Vehicle to Rehabilitation and Leverage to Sustainable Resource Use
Anne MCDONALD (Sophia University, Japan)· A Values Approach to Solving the Water CrisisDavid GROENFELDT (Water-Culture Institute, USA)
<Friday 19 June >Session 4: Beyond Stakeholder Engagement: Reflection and proposals
Chairs: Daniel NILES (RIHN) & Steven R. MCGREEVY (RIHN)· Synthesis of Days 1 & 2
Remarks
Claudia PAHL-WOSTL(University of Osnabrück, Germany)
Marco TODERI(Marche Polytechnic University, Italy)
KUBOTA Jumpei(RIHN)· Roundtable Discussion: Nurturing social learning in Asian contexts· Next Steps, Proposals Discussion· Closing Remarks
YASUNARI Tetsuzo (Director-General,RIHN)
2. RIHN Public Seminars
In order to present RIHN research activity in a manner that accessible to the general public, since November 2004,
RIHN has offered public lectures. Six seminars were held in 2015 at the RIHN lecture hall and the Heartpia Kyoto.
RIHN staff offer accessible explanations of global environmental problems, and the Public Seminars havestimulated engrossing discussions of contemporary environmental concerns.
The 62nd Public Seminar

The 63rd Public Seminar

The 64th Public Seminar

30 April, 2015
Food Diversity and Rise and Fall of Cultures: Environmental Issues from ArcheologicalViewpoint
HABU Junko (RIHN)
19 May, 2015
Kyoto and Blessing of Mother Lake
OKUDA Noboru (RIHN)
20 November, 2015
Water Quality Mapping with Citizens
NAKANO Takanori (RIHN)

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Outreach Programs and Events

The 65th Public Seminar

The 66th Public Seminar

The 6th Kids Seminar “Wonder of Fish in Ancient Lake Biwa”
Date: 31 July, 2015
Venue: RIHN
OKUDA Noboru (RIHN)
4. RIHN Open House
In order to introduce RIHN’s research projects and facilities to the surrounding community, RIHN has opened ourbuildings to the public once a year since 2011. Several interesting events such as joint experiments, public talks,
exhibitions, and games were conducted in order to deepen our interaction with local citizens in fiscal 2015.
Date: 31 July, 2015
Venue: RIHN
5. RIHN Area Seminars
The RIHN Area Seminars offer an opportunity for RIHN research staff to gather with regional intellectuals andlocal citizens to consider problems related to the environment and culture of each area of Japan. The first seminar washeld in 2005. The fiscal year 2015, two seminars were held as below.
The 15th RIHN Area Seminar“How to Take Advantage of “NOSARI”: The Futurability of Amakusa City”
Date: 19 January, 2016
Venue: Amakusa Cultural Exchange Center (Amakusa city, Kumamoto)The 16th RIHN Area Seminar“The Futurability of Kitagatako : How to Use Lake Surroundings”
Date: 6 March, 2016
Venue: Seifu-so (Awara city, Fukui)

Outreach Programs and Events

3. RIHN Kids Seminar
In order to enhance community relations, RIHN has held public lectures for children in neighboring elementary
schools since 2010. The fiscal year 2015 seminar was held as below.

RIHN

The 67th Public Seminar

4 December, 2015
Network of Living Organisms Revealed by Stable Isotope Ratios
TAYASU Ichiro (RIHN)
4 February, 2016
“Heart, Life, Environment” - A Discussion with High School Students
Second-year students at Kyoto Prefectural Rakuhoku High School
25 March, 2016
Water Quality Mapping with Citizens-2: Diagnose Water in Kyoto
NAKANO Takanori (RIHN)

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RIHN Annual Report 2015

6. RIHN Tokyo Seminar
In order to gain the attention of researchers and the general public and to promote research cooperation anddevelopment, RIHN periodically holds seminars in Tokyo. We invite renowned Japanese researchers as well as public
officials to discuss RIHN research project objectives and findings. The seminar was held in fiscal 2015 as below.
7th Tokyo Seminar“When a Man Look up to Sky – Nature as Culture”
Date: 29 January, 2016
Venue: Yurakucho Asahi Hall
7. The Earth Forum Kyoto; Special Session and International Symposium
RIHN, Kyoto Prefecture, Kyoto City, Kyoto University, and Kyoto Prefectural University co-host this forum inorder to clearly convey our message of the importance of environmental issues to the world. The symposium was heldin fiscal 2015 as below.
The Earth Forum Kyoto
Special Session: 12 December, 2015
Venue: International Science Innovation Building, Kyoto University
International Symposium: 13 February, 2016
Venue: Kyoto International Conference Center
8. The Earth Hall of Fame KYOTO
The Earth Forum Kyoto invites world-renowned experts and activists to discuss the environmental and culturalbases of more responsible human societies. The Earth Hall of Fame Kyoto Award is given to those who have madeexemplary contributions to the protection of the global environment. Organizers of the event are the International
Institute for Advanced Studies, the Kyoto International Conference Centre, and RIHN.
The 2015 recipients of the Earth Hall of Fame Kyoto Award:
Dr. David Takayoshi Suzuki (Biologist, Environmental Activist, and Emeritus Professor at the University of British
Columbia)
Severn Cullis-Suzuki (Culture and Environment Activist, Writer)
Dr. Herman E. Daly (Emeritus Professor at the University of Maryland)
9. RIHN Seminars
RIHN Seminars are invited talks by esteemed Japanese or foreign researchers. The seminars provide opportunities
for RIHN scientists to learn of the latest topics and research directions in a variety of fields; they also often are a firststep toward future research collaborations between RIHN researchers and those of other institutions. Seminars are held
several times a year.
The 110th 	The 111th

13 May, 2015
Current Issues on the Open Science and Future Directions in Data Platforms for Global Environment
Studies
KITAMOTO Asanobu (Associate Professor, National Institute of Informatics)
11 June, 2015
Challenge and Practice Connecting Science and Politics: From 30 Years Research in Lake Biwa and 8

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Outreach Programs and Events

The 112th 	

The 114th

The 116th 	

The 117th 	

The 118th 	

The 119th 	

The 120th 	The 121th 	

The 122th 	

Outreach Programs and Events

The 115th

RIHN

The 113th 	

Years Experience as Governor of Shiga Prefecture
KADA Yukiko (University President, BIWAKO SEIKEI SPORT COLLEGE)
16 June, 2015
The importance of small scale fisheries and their operations in Thailand
BOUTSON Anukorn (RIHN Visiting Research Fellows, Lecturer Department of Marine Science
Faculty of Fisheries Kasetsart University (Thailand))
15 July, 2015
Sharing in the New Economy: An Alternative for a Sustainable Future?
COHEN Maurie (Professor, New Jersey Institute of Technology)
27 July, 2015
Quantification of Water Balance in Subak Managed Paddy Field in Saba Watershed
SAPTOMO, Satyanto Krido (RIHN Visiting Research Fellows, Bogor Agricultural University)
6 August 2015
Institutions, Ownership Rights and Natural Resource Maintenance: Resilience Lessons from theJapanese Past
BROWN Philip C. (RIHN Visiting Visiting Researcher)
2 September, 2015
Geographical Pattern of Global Warming and Associated Change in Water Availability
MANABE Syukurou (Princeton University)
14 September, 2015
The perspectives of mesology as an integrated study of the human environment
BERQUE Augustin (RIHN Visiting Research Fellows, Professor, École des hautes études en sciences
sociales in Paris (EHESS))
16 September, 2015
Challenges of small scale fisheries in the Philippines: the case of Batan Bay
MONETCLARO Harold M. (Assistant Professor, Institute of Marine Fisheries and Oceanology
College of Fisheries and Ocean Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas)
28 September, 2015
Lessons from Integrated Local Environmental Knowledge and practices of Lake Malawi riparian communities to achieve sustainable development: Challenges and Opportunities
PEMBA Dylo (Associate Professor Department of Biology University of Malawi, Chancellor College
Republic of Malawi)
29 September, 2015
Development of integrated indices for Indonesia Water-energy-food Nexus: case of Jatiluhur/Citarum
basin
PAWITAN Hidayat (Professor Department Geophysics & Meteorology, Faculty of Mathematics andNatural Sciences, Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia)
1 October, 2015
Theory and practice of ontology engineering
MIZOGUCHI Riichiro (Research Professor, Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology(JAIST))
29 October, 2015
On the relation of Imanishi’s “renatured science” (shizengaku 自然学) with mesology (in Japanese)
BERQUE Augustin (RIHN Visiting Research Fellows, Professor, École des hautes études en sciences
sociales in Paris (EHESS))106
RIHN Annual Report 2015

The 123th 	

The 124th 	

The 125th 	

9 February, 2016
Deep Mapping the Reducción: Building Digital Humanities Collaborative Tools for Mapping theGeneral Resettlement of Indians in the Viceroyalty of PeruWERNKE Steve (Associate Professor, Department of Anthropology, Vanderbilt University, USA)
24 February, 2016
“Transdisciplinarity - Fundamentals, Misunderstandings, Obstacles, and Potential”
SCHOLZ Roland (Professor Emeritus, Institute for Environmental Decisions, Swiss Federal Instituteof Technology Zurich)
24 March, 2016
“Norse settlers in the North Atlantic: history, archeology and paleoclimate”
BRADLEY Raymond S. (Distinguished Professor Director, Climate System Research Center
University of Massachusetts Amherst)

10. Lunch Seminars (Danwakai)
Lunch Seminars allow all RIHN research staff, including visiting professors, part-time researchers, foreign
researchers and so on, to freely present their individual research to their colleagues in an informal and supportive
forum. As these seminars promote creative thinking and constructive debates, they are held on a biweekly basis.
No.253

No.254

No.255

No.256

No.257

No.258No.259No.26019 May, 2015
CRP as a gold mine of information: Research resources stored in the Informatics Unit
KONDO Yasuhisa (Associate Professor), YASUTOMI Natsuko (Assistant Professor)
2 June, 2015
Inferring the historical process by which the present distribution of organisms have been shaped on thebasis of DNA analysis
MUTO Nozomu (Project Researcher)
7 July, 2015
Flood disasters and transformations of adaptation behavior in crop production in the Indo-China
Megadelta Zone, perceived by the satellite remote-sensing
KOTERA Akihiko (Senior Project Researcher)
21 July, 2015
The earth from isotopic point of view
TAYASU Ichiro (Professor)
4 August, 2015
Introduction of nitrogen, oxygen stable isotope ratio measurement system of the nitrate ion using thedenitrifying bacteria method
Yoshimizu Chikage (Center Researcher)
25 August, 2015
Submarine Groundwater Discharge in Obama Bay
HONDA Hisami (Project Research Associates)
15 September, 2015
Mountain and Atmosphere and Alpine plant (and me) -Water and nutrient dynamics on Mt. Tateyama
in the Northern Japan AlpsUEHARA Yoshitoshi (Project Research Associates)
6 October, 2015
Catchment vegetation, calcium dynamics, and invertebrate community in a calcium poor environment-

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Outreach Programs and Events

No.261

No.262

No.265

No.266

No.267

No.268

11. RIHN Annual Open Meeting
RIHN research and office staff and outside research collaborators gather to review the year’s progress. All project
leaders present their research findings and accomplishments and receive questions from the floor.
Attracting 312 attendees in its three-day duration, the annual meeting generates dialogue between RIHN
researchers and improves general awareness of RIHN’s progress and evolution within the larger fields of environmental
research.
Date: 25-27 November, 2015
Venue: Co-op inn Kyoto
12. Press Conferences
RIHN periodically holds official press conferences in order to release information on its academic activities,
research projects, symposia, publications and latest environmental findings. As a public institution with a publicmandate, such activities provide an important link between RIHN and the citizenry. Two press conferences were heldin fiscal 2015.

Outreach Programs and Events

No.264

RIHN

No.263

OHTA Tamihisa (Center Research Associates)
20 October, 2015
Global environmental issues from ecological point of view
ISHII Reiichirou (Associate Professor)
17 November, 2015
The last blitz of CRH
HANDOH Itsuki C. (Specially Appointed Associate Professor)
12 January, 2016
The economic activities in dagaa processing industry in Zanzibar: focusing on the changes in the business practices among actors
FUJIMOTO Mariko (Project Researcher)
19 January, 2016
The potential of tree-ring cellulose δ18O in different species as climate proxy and hydroclimate variability over last two and a half centuries inferred from oxygen isotope records of fir in southwesternJapan
LI Zhen (Project Research Associates)
16 February, 2016
“Action research” approach in environmental studies- research activities in the ecological-recycling
project
ASANO Satoshi (Project Researcher)
1 March, 2016
Legal regulation and enforcement against farmers’ opportunistic behavior on biodiversity
NISHIMURA Takeshi (Center Researcher)
15 March, 2016
Today’s lunch is Combo B? Trying alternative methods of presentation and dialogue
KITAMURA Kenji (Project Researcher)
29 March, 2016
The 1st RIHN herbivorous men Championship
MATSUBAYASHI Jun (Center Research Associates)

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RIHN Annual Report 201513. Publications
13-1. RIHN Series
The RIHN Series was developed to publish books introducing RIHN’s research results to the general public. The
following titles were published in fiscal year 2015.
“Field kara Kangaeru Chikyu no Mirai”
Edited by SEKINO Tatsuki, March 2016 (in Japanese).
13-2. RIHN Science Series“The Wisdom of the Shikwasha — Language, nature and lifestyle interactions in Oku-Yambaru”  
Edited by ONISHI Masayuki, MIYAGI Kunimasa
13-3.Others“Sharing Water -Co-designing Sustainable Futures through local water resources management (Mizu Wo Wakatsu)”
Edited by KUBOTA Jumpei“International Certification for Sustainable Resource Management: Ecolabels Linking the Global and the Local”
Edited by OMOTO Suzuko, SATO Tetsu and NAITO Daisuke“Living and nature of coastal community in Higashi-Hazu” Edited by ISHIKAWA Ssatoshi, YOSHIKAWA Takashi“Field Guide to Biodiversity of Higashi-Hazu Tidal Flat in Mikawa Bay” Edited by ISHIKAWA Ssatoshi, NIKI Masato
and YOSHIKAWA Takashi
13-4. RIHN News: Humanity & Nature Newsletter
This periodical communicates RIHN identity and latest news to specific research communities. The newsletter ispublished in an A4 format with easy-to read content. Issues 54-59 were published in fiscal 2015.

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Individual Achievements

Individual Achievements
A

B
C
D
E
F

J
K

Individual Achievements

I

Professor
Project Researcher
Visiting Professor
Visiting Researcher
Project Researcher
Visiting Research Fellow
Visiting Research Fellow
Visiting Researcher
Visiting Research Fellow
Visiting Researcher
Associate Professor
Project Researcher
Project Researcher
Project Research Associate
Visiting Professor
Visiting Professor
Visiting Research Fellow
Professor
Specially Appointed Associate Professor
Project Researcher
Visiting Researcher
Visiting Professor
Project Research Associate
Visiting Professor
Project Research Associate
Project Research Associate
Visiting Associate Professor
Project Researcher
Associate Professor
Associate Professor
Visiting Researcher
Project Researcher
Project Research Associate
Project Researcher
Research Fellow, NIHU Center for Area Studies
Visiting Professor
Project Research Associate
Project Researcher
Visiting Professor
Visiting Professor
Project Research Associate
Project Research Associate
Center Researcher
Project Research Associate
Associate Professor
Center Research Associate
Project Researcher
Project Research Associate
Project Researcher
Project Research Associate

RIHN

G
H

ABE, Ken-ichi
ADACHI. KaoriAKIMICHI, Tomoya
Ami Aminah, Meutia
ASANO, Satoshi
BERQUE, Augustin Laurent Pierre
BOUTSON, Anukorn
CHAN, Sarah
COHEN, Maurie Jeremy
DAHLAN, Mohammad Zaini
ENDO, Aiko
ENDO, Hitoshi
FUJIMOTO, Mariko
FUKUSHIMA, Atsuko
FUNAKAWA, Shinya
FUNAMIZU, Naoyuki
GUTSCHER, Heinz Georg
HABU, Junko
HANDOH, Itsuki C.
HASHIMOTO, Watanabe Satoko
HAYASHI, Kengo
HIMIYAMA, Yukio
HIROSE, Mikiko
HIYAMA, Tetsuya
HONDA, Hisami
HONMA, Saki
ICHIE, Tomoaki
ISHIDA, Takuya
ISHII, Reiichiro
ISHIKAWA, Satoshi
ISHIMOTO, Yudai
ISHIYAMA, Shun
ISOKAWA, Aki
ITOU, Keisuke
JIANG, Hong-wei
KAJITANI, Shinji
KAKIKOKA, Ryo
KAMATANI, Kaoru
KANEKO, Nobuhiro
KANIE, Norichika
KATO, Hisaaki
KATO, Satoko
KATO, Yoshikazu
KIHIRA, Tomoe
KIKUCHI, Naoki
KISHIMOTO, Sayaka
KITAMURA, Kenji
KITOLELEI, Jokim Veu
KOBAYASHI, Yuki
KOBAYASHI, Yuko

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L
M

N

O

P
R
S

KONDO, Yasuhisa
KOTERA, Akihiko
KOYAMA, Masami
KUBOTA, Jumpei
KUMAZAWA, Terukazu
KUSAGOU, Takayoshi
KUSAKA, Soichiro
KUSANO, Yukiko
LI, Zhen
MALLEE, Henricus Paulus
MARES, Emmanuel Bernard
MASUHARA, Naoki
MATSUBAYASHI, Jun
MATSUI, Takeshi
MC GREEVY, Steven Robert
MIKI, Hiroshi
MIMURA, Yutaka
MIYAZAKI, Hidetoshi
MIZUNO, Kei
MIZUNO, Kosuke
MONICA, Paola Parada Lizano
MONTECLARO, Harold Modoc
MURAMATSU, Shin
MUTO, Nozomu
NAITO, Daisuke
NAKAGAMI, Ken'ichi
NAKAMURA, Ryo
NAKANO, Takanori
NAKATSUKA, Takeshi
NAWATA, Hiroshi
NILES, Daniel Ely
NISHIMURA, Takeshi
OH, Tomohiro
OHTA, Tamihisa
OISHI, Takanori
OJIKA, Yukari
OKA, Masami
OKAMOTO, Takako
OKAMOTO, Yuki
OKUDA, Noboru
OKUMIYA, Kiyohito
OMOTO, Reiko
ONBE, Shin
ONISHI, Yuko
OSADA, Yutaka
PAWITAN, Hidayat
PEMBA, Dylo Foster
RAMPISELA, Dorotea
SAITO, Yu
SANO, Masaki

Associate Professor
Senior Project Researcher
Project Research Associate
Professor
Assistant Professor
Visiting Professor
Visiting Researcher
Center Research Associate
Project Research Associate
Professor
Center Research Associate
Project Researcher
Center Research Associate
Visiting Professor
Associate Professor
Project Researcher
Center Research Associate
Project Researcher
Project Researcher
Visiting Professor
Visiting Researcher
Visiting Research Fellow
Visiting Professor
Project Research Associate
Project Researcher
Visiting Professor
Visiting Researcher
Professor
Professor
Visiting Professor
Associate Professor
Center Researcher
Project Researcher
Center Research Associate
Project Researcher
Project Research Associate
Center Research Associate
Project Research Associate
Project Researcher
Associate Professor
Visiting Associate Professor
Project Researcher
Project Researcher
Assistant Professor
Center Research Associate
Visiting Research Fellow
Visiting Research Fellow
Associate Professor
Center Researcher
Senior Project Researcher

111
Individual Achievements

T※Job titles listed above are as of 31 March, 2016.
(For those who retired in the middle of fiscal 2015, the job titles of that time are listed.)

Individual Achievements

W
X
Y

Visiting Research Fellow
Professor
Project Researcher
Professor
Center Research Associate
Project Researcher
Assistant Professor
Project Researcher
Visiting Associate Professor
Project Researcher
Visiting Associate Professor
Project Research Associate
Project Researcher
Specially Appointed Assistant Professor
Associate Professor
Professor
Professor
Visiting Associate Professor
Project Research Associate
Project Researcher
Project Research Associate
Project Researcher
Project Research Associate
Visiting Associate Professor
Project Research Associate
Senior Project Researcher
Project Researcher
Project Research Associate
Project Researcher
Project Research Associate
Director-General
Assistant Professor
Visiting Associate Professor
Visiting Professor
Center Researcher

RIHN

U

SAPTOMO, Satyanto Krido
SATO, Tetsu
SEKINO, Nobuyuki
SEKINO, Tatsuki
SHIMADA, Nahoko
SHIMIZU, Takao
SHIN, Kicheol
SHINKAI, Rika
SHIRAIWA, Takayuki
SUNANO, Yui
TAKAGI, Akira
TAKEHARA, Mari
TAKEMURA, Shion
TAKESHIMA, Hirohiko
TANAKA, Ueru
TANIGUCHI, Makoto
TAYASU, Ichiro
TERADA, Masahiro
TERAMOTO, ShunTESHIROGI, Kouki
TOMII, Noriko
TSUSHIMA, Akane
UCHIDA, Rieko
UCHIYAMA, Junzo
UEHARA, Yoshitoshi
WATANABE, Kazuo
XU, Chenxi
YAMADA, Kyota
YAMADA, Makoto
YAMAMOTO, Mami
YASUNARI, Tetsuzo
YASUTOMI, Natsuko
YATAGAI, Akiyo
YONEMOTO, Shohei
YOSHIMIZU, Chikage

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ADACHI, Kaori
Project Researcher[Professional Career]
Research Fellow of Japan Society for the Promotion of Science(2010)
Research associate, Graduate School of Letters, Keio University(2012)[Higher Degrees]
Ph.D. (History, Keio University, 2014)
M.A. (History, Keio University, 2008)[Fields of Specialization]
Archaeology
Ethno-Archaeology[Academic Society Memberships]
The Society of Archaeological Studies
The Paleological Association of Japan
The Archaeological Society of Nippon
Japanese Archaeological Association
Japan Association for Quaternary Research
The Homepage of Hokkaido Archaeological Association
The Mita Historical Society
The Archaeological Society of Waseda University―Achievements―[Papers][Original Articles]・ADACHI, Kaori 2015,04 Analysis of Jomon Pottery from the 1964 Excavation of Location B of the Saibana
Shell-Midden, Aomori Prefecture, Japan.. Shigaku 84(1-4) :569-599.(reviewed).

HABU, Junko
Professor

Born in 1959.
[Professional Career]
Professor, Research Institute for Humanity and Nature, Kyoto, Japan (2014)
Professor, Department of Anthropology, University of California, Berkeley (2010)
Associate Professor, Department of Anthropology, University of California, Berkeley (2002)
Assistant Professor, Department of Anthropology, University of California, Berkeley (1996)
Faculty Lecturer, Department of Anthropology, McGill University(1994)
Full-time Research Associate (joshu), Faculty of Science, The University of Tokyo (1984)[Higher Degrees]
Ph.D. (Archaeology, Department of Anthropology, McGill University, 1996)
M.A. (Archaeology, Division of History, Keio University, 1984)

113
Individual Achievements

B.A. (Archaeology, Department of Ethnology and Archaeology, Division of History, Keio University,
1982)[Academic Society Memberships]
American Anthropological Association
Society for American Archaeology
Sigma Xi
American Geophysical Union
Indo-Pacific Prehistory Association
Society for East Asian Archaeology
Japanese Archaeological Association
Society of Archaeological Studies of Japan
The Anthropological Society of Nippon
Japan Association for Quaternary Research
Japanese Society for Scientific Studies on Cultural Property
Kagoshima Archaeological Association
Association for Edo Period Archaeology[Papers]・Shinkai, R., Kanno, T., Yamamoto, N., Habu, J., Matsui, A., McLaren, D., Croes, D. 2015,12 Excavationof a prehistoric wet site on Triquet Island in British Columbia, Canada. Quarterly of ArchaeologicalStudies 62(3) :16-20. (in Japanese)[Research Presentations][Oral Presentation]
・Fitzhugh, B., Yoneda, M., Habu, J., Taylor, J., Kamenov, G., Shinkai, R. and Krigbaum, J. Okhotsk
culture mobility in the context of maritime subsistence and seasonally frozen coasts. ESSAS Annual
Science Meeting "Scientific Challenges in a Changing Arctic&Subarctic", 2016,03,07-2016,03,09,
Yokohama World Porters, Yokohama.
・Habu, Junko Human Ecodynamics and Their Changes in Prehistoric Japan: Food Diversity, Climate Change
and Long-term Sustainability of Hunter-Gatherer System. International Union for Quaternary Research
Congress, 2015,07,26-2015,08,02, Nagoya Convention Center, Nagoya.
・Habu, Junko Human Ecodynamics and Their Changes in Prehistoric Japan: Food Diversity, Climate Change
and Long-term Sustainability of Hunter-Gatherer System. International Union for Quaternary Research
Congress, 2015,07,26-2015,08,02, Nagoya Convention Center, Nagoya.
・Habu, Junko Sedentism, Subsistence Specialization and Human Impacts on the Environment: A Case Study
from the Jomon Period, Northern Japan. International Workshop "Climate Change and Food Diversity in
the Past and Present: Comparative Studies on the North Pacific and Atlantic Coasts", 2015,07,30,
RIHN, Kyoto. (in Japanese)
・Hamada, S., Thornton, T., Shinkai, R. and Habu, J. Economies in the North Pacific. ESSAS Annual
Science Meeting "Scientific Challenges in a Changing Arctic&Subarctic", 2016,03,06-2016,03,06,
Yokohama World Porpers, Yokoama.

[Invited Lecture / Honoronary Lecture / Panelist]
・Habu, Junko Graduate Education in North America: Training a New Generation of Scholars in the Fieldof Archaeology, Anthropology, and Related Fields. Guanghua Humanity Foundation Academic Exchange
Seminar, 2015,06,01, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.

Individual Achievements[Original Articles]

RIHN―Achievements―

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RIHN Annual Report 2015

・Habu, Junko Food Diversity and Jomon Archaeology. , 2015,12,04, Korekawa Archaeological Institution.
(in Japanese)
・Habu, Junko Food Diversity and Long-term Sustainability, Lesson from Prehistoric Japan. Guanghua
Humanity Foundation Academic Exchange Seminar, 2015,06,02, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
・Habu, Junko Jomon Pit-dwellings, Sedentism, and Food Diversity. The 80th Annual Meeting of Society
for American Archaeology, 2015,04,16, San Francisco, California, USA.(Presentation given on behalfof the author).
・ Habu, Junko Jomon Food Diversity, Climate Change and Long-term Sustainability: Lessons from
Prehistoric Japan. , 2016,01,28, Willamette University, Oregon, USA.
・ Habu, Junko Jomon Food Diversity, Climate Change and Long-term Sustainability: Lessons from
Prehistoric Japan. , 2016,02,04, Arizona State University.
・ Habu, Junko Jomon Food Diversity, Climate Change and Long-term Sustainability: Lessons from
Prehistoric Japan. , 2016,01,28, Willamette University, Oregon, USA.

ISHIDA, Takuya
Born in 1986.

―Achievements―[Papers][Original Articles]
・Nakagawa M., Hori M., Umemura M., Ishida T. 2016,02 Relationships of wood density and wood chemical
traits between stems and coarse roots across 53 Bornean tropical tree species. Journal of Tropical
Ecology . DOI:10.1017/S0266467416000018.(reviewed).
・Ishida T., Tayasu I., Takenaka C. 2015,10 Quantitative Reconstruction of Sulfur Deposition Using a
Mixing Model Based on Sulfur Isotope Ratios in Tree Rings. Journal of Environmental Quality . DOI:
10.2134/jeq2014.11.0506.(reviewed).
・Ishida T., Tayasu I., Takenaka C. 2015,07 Characterization of sulfur deposition over the period ofindustrialization in Japan using sulfur isotope ratio in Japanese cedar tree rings taken fromstumps. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment . DOI:10.1007/s10661-015-4678-0.(reviewed).

ISHIYAMA Shun
Project Researcher

Born in 1965.
[Academic Career]
Graduate School of Letters(Comparative Studies of Humanities and Social Sciences), Nagoya University,
D. Course (2006)
Graduate School of Humanities and Social Sciences, Shizuoka University,M.A.Cource(2000)
Tokyo University of Agriculture (1989)

115
Individual Achievements[Professional Career]
Staff, NGO Action for Greening Sahel(1993）
Staff, NPO Mori no Enerugi Foramu（2004）
Lecturer(Part-time), Fukui Prefectural University（2006）
Staff, NPO Echizen(2007）
Project researcher, Research Institute for Humanity and Nature (2008-)[Higher Degrees]
Ph.D.(Nagoya University, 2015)
M.A.(Shizuoka University, 2000)
B.A.(Tokyo University of Agriculture, 1989)[Fields of Specialization]
Cultural Anthropology
Development Anthropology[Academic Society Memberships]
Japan Association for African Studies
Japanese Society of Cultural Anthropology
The Japanese Association for Arid Land Studies

RIHN

Japan Association for Nilo-Ethiopian Studies―Achievements―[Authored/Co-authored]
・ISHIYAMA, Shun 2016,03 Environmental Anthropology of Sahelian Landlocked Country, Chad : Poverty,
Conflict and Desertification. . Field Note Series, Desertification and Livelihood in Semi-Arid AfroEurasia Project, RIHN, 5. Desertification and Livelihood in Semi-Arid Afro-Eurasia Project, RIHN,
Kita-ku, Kyoto, 103pp. (in Japanese)[Chapters/Sections]
・ ISHIYAMA, Shun 2016,03 Irrigated Datepalm Cropping at Saharan Oasis : An Understanding on
Agricultural History by integrated Method. ISHIKAWA, H., KOMATSU, K. FUJIMOTO, T. (ed.) African
History of Foods and Agriculture. Showado, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, pp.115-134. (in Japanese)
・ISHIYAMA, Shun 2016,03 Energy Issues from a rural Perspective. NAWATA. Hiroshi (ed.) Human resources
and Engineering in the Post-oil Era, A Search for Viable Future Societies in Japan and Oil-rich
Countries of the Middle East. Shokadoh Book Sellers, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto, pp.89-99.

[Papers][Original Articles]
・Shamik CHAKRABORTY, YASUDA Hiroshi, Abhik CHAKRABORTY, NABETA Hajime, KAWAI Takayuki, ISHIYAMA Shun2015,09 The Nile and Recent Changes in Its Basin Environment: Evidences from Literature. Journal of
Resources 6(5) :345-352.(reviewed).

[Research Presentations][Oral Presentation]
・Ishiyama, S. Changes of Oasis Life in Algerian Sahara -Water Supply, Farm Expansion and Habitations
Movement, A Case Study of In Belbel. Colloque International sur La Foggara, Algeria, Adrar.

Individual Achievements[Books]116
RIHN Annual Report 2015

[Poster Presentation]
・ISHIYAMA, Shun, ISHIMOTO, Y., INAI H., KADOMURA H., SAKAI, M., JEGADEESAN, M. Livelihood Strategies
under the Extreme Weather in African-Asian Drylands, Toward Inter Reagional Comparison. 26th
Conference of the Japanese Association of Arid land Studies, 2015,05,23-2015,05,24, Akita City,
Akita Prefecture. (in Japanese)
・ISHIYAMA, Shun Southward Migration of Kanemubu People in Lake Chad Area. 26th conference of theJapanese Association for Arid Land Studies, 2015,05,23-2015,05,24, Akita City, Akita Prefecture. (inJapanese)

KITAMURA, Kenji
Project Researcher[Higher Degrees]
Ph.D.(Simon Fraser University, 2010)
Master of Applied Science(University of New South Wales, 1999)―Achievements―[Research Presentations][Oral Presentation]
・Kitamura, Kenji, and Maureen G. Reed Options and opportunities to collaborate for sustainability of
the Redberry Lake Biosphere Reserve. Annual General Meeting of the Canadian Association of
Geographers, 2015,06,01-2015,06,05, Vancouver, Canada.
・ Kitamura, Kenji, and Tetsu Sato Integrated Local Environmental Knowledge for Actions Aimed at
Encouraging Adaptive Societal Change: Community Initiatives in the Nishibetsu Watershed, Japan. The
15th Biannual Global Conference of the International Association for the Study of the Commons,
2015,05,25-2015,05,29, Edmonton, Canada.

[Invited Lecture / Honoronary Lecture / Panelist]
・Kitamura, Kenji What is the ILEK Project? How can we collaborate with Model Forests and Biosphere
Reserves?. Prince Albert Model Forest Board of Directors ’ Meeting, 2015,05,20, Prince Albert,
Canada.

KONDO Yasuhisa
Associate Professor

Born in 1979.
[Academic Career]
Department of Archaeology, The University of Tokyo, PhD course (2006-2009)
Department of Archaeology, The University of Tokyo, master course (2002-2005)
Department of Archaeology, The University of Tokyo, undergraduate course (1998-2002)

117
Individual Achievements[Professional Career]
Associate Professor, Research Institute for Humanity and Nature (2014)
JSPS Research Fellow (PD), Tokyo Institute of Technology (2011)
Project Researcher, The University Museum, The University of Tokyo (2010)
Visiting Scholar, Center for Spatial Information Science, The University of Tokyo (2010)
JSPS Research Fellow (PD), The University of Tokyo (2009)
JSPS Research Fellow (DC2), The University of Tokyo (2008)[Higher Degrees]
Ph.D. (The University of Tokyo, 2010)
M.A. (The University of Tokyo, 2005)[Fields of Specialization]
Archaeology
Spatial Information Science
Geography[Academic Society Memberships]
International Association of Geomorphologists
Computer Applications and Quantitative Methods in Archaeology (CAA)

Anthropological Society of Nippon
Society of Archaeological Studies
Japan Society for West Asian Archaeology (JSWAA)
Japanese Palaeolithic Research Association (JPRA)[Awards]
CSIS DAYS 2011 Presentation Award (2011)
Japanese Society for Archaeological Informatics Katata Award (2008)―Achievements―[Editing][Editing / Co-editing]・Yasuhisa Kondo (ed.) 2015,11 . Newsletter, IAG Working Group on Geoarchaeology, 16. IAG Working Groupon Geoarchaeology, Kyoto, 33pp.
・Yasuhisa Kondo (ed.) 2015,06 Bat Digital Heritage Inventory Project Report of the 2014-15 Seasons. ,111pp. Unpublished report submitted to the Ministry of Heritage and Culture, Sultanate of Oman.

[Papers][Original Articles]
・Yasuhisa Kondo, Satoshi Ishikawa, Mami Enomoto 2015,12 Developing an information service to support
global environment research through collaboration with pro bonos. IPSJ Symposium Series 2015(2) :131-138. (in Japanese) In Japanese with English abstract.
・Yasuhisa Kondo 2015,10 An ecological niche modelling of Upper Palaeolithic stone tool groups in the
Kanto-Koshinetsu region, eastern Japan. The Quaternary Research 54(5) :207-218.(reviewed).

Individual Achievements

Japan Geoscience Union (JpGU)GIS Association of Japan (GISA)
The Association of Japanese Geographers (AJG)

RIHN

CIPA Heritage Documentation
European Geosciences Union (EGU)118
RIHN Annual Report 2015

・ Yasuhisa Kondo, Takehiro Miki, Taichi Kuronuma, Takashi Oguchi 2015,08 On-site digital heritage
inventory development at Bat, Oman. ISPRS Annals of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial
Information Sciences II-5/W3 :145-152. DOI:10.5194/isprsannals-II-5-W3-145-2015.(reviewed).This work
is distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.

[Review Articles]
・Yasuhisa Kondo 2015,11 Activity report 2014-2015. Newsletter, IAG Working Group on Geoarchaeology
16 :3-8.

[Research Presentations][Oral Presentation]
・Yasuhisa Kondo Developing a geodatabase to understand historico-geographical processes of reducción.
International Symposium Rethinking Forced Resettlement in the Colonial Andes, 2015,11,06-2015,11,08,
Jean and Alexander Heard Library, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.
・Yasuhisa Kondo, Takehiro Miki, Taichi Kuronuma, Takashi Oguchi On-site digital heritage inventory
development at Bat, Oman. CIPA 2015, 2015,08,31-2015,09,05, China University of Technology, Taipei,
Taiwan. DOI:10.5194/isprsannals-II-5-W3-145-2015.
・Yasuhisa Kondo, Katsuhiro Sano, Takayuki Omori, Ayako Abe-Ouchi, Wing-Le Chan, Seiji Kadowaki, Masaki
Naganuma, Ryouta O ’ ishi, Takashi Oguchi, Yoshihiro Nishiaki, Minoru Yoneda A combination of
ecological niche models and cost surface analysis figures out routes and rapidity of the dispersalof early modern humans. XIX INQUA 2015, 2015,07,26-2015,08,02, Nagoya International ConferenceCenter (Nagoya, Japan).
・Takashi Oguchi, Hiroki Kobayashi, Yuichi S. Hayakawa, Toshikazu Seto, Yasuhisa Kondo, Rene Mendoza
Developing a system of geospatial data sharing and visualization for disaster management in thePhilippines. Japan Geoscience Union Annual Meeting 2015, 2015,05,24-2015,05,28, Makuhari Messe(Chiba, Japan).

[Poster Presentation]
・ Yasuhisa Kondo, Takehiro Miki, Tara-Beuzen-Waller, Stéphane Desruelles, Atsushi Noguchi, Taichi
Kuronuma, Éric Fouache Mapping facilities for control of flood waters at Bronze Age and Islamicoasis settlements in the interior of Oman. XIX INQUA 2015 Nagoya, 2015,07,26-2015,08,02, Nagoya
International Conference Center (Nagoya, Japan).

[Invited Lecture / Honoronary Lecture / Panelist]
・Yasuhisa Kondo Open science in the context of transdisciplinary research . CS-DC '15 e-conference,
2015,09,30-2015,10,01, Tempe, Arizona, USA.Invited talk at the Open Systems Exploration e-session.
View the presentation video with either Firefox or Google Chrome..

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Individual Achievements

KOTERA, Akihiko
Born in 1972.

―Achievements―[Papers][Original Articles]
・Kotera,A., Nagano,T.,Hanittinan,P., Koontanakulvong,S. 2015,04 Assessing the degree of flood damage
to rice crops in the Chao Phraya delta, Thailand, using MODIS satellite imaging. Paddy and Water
Environment (in printing). DOI:10.1007/s10333-015-0496-9.(reviewed).

KUBOTA, Jumpei

RIHN

Professor

Born in 1957.
Department of Forestry, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyoto University, D. Course (1987)
Department of Forestry, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyoto University, M. Course (1983)
Department of Forestry, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyoto University (1981)[Professional Career]
Professor, Research Institute for Humanity and Nature (2012)
Associate Professor, Research Institute for Humanity and Nature (2002)
Associate Professor, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology (1997)
Assistant Professor, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology (1989)
Assistant Professor, University Forest, Kyoto University (1987)[Higher Degrees]
D. Agr. (Kyoto University, 1987)
M. Agr.（Kyoto University, 1983）[Fields of Specialization]
Hydrology
Forest Hydrology
Erosion Control Engineering[Academic Society Memberships]
The Japanese Forestry Society
The Japan Society of Hydrology and Water Resources
The Japan Society of Erosion Control Engineering[Awards]
Water Environment Federation Excellence Award, McKee Groundwater Protection, Restoration, Sustainable
Use Medal (2009)

Individual Achievements[Academic Career]

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RIHN Annual Report 2015

―Achievements―[Books][Chapters/Sections]・Jumpei KUbota 2015,10 The Water Resources Governance in China –Introduction of Water Rights Trading-.
Hideki Kitagawa and Jumpei Kubota (ed.) Watershed Governance and Environmental Policy in China.
Hakuto Shobo, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo. (in Japanese)

KUMAZAWA Terukazu
Assistant Professor

Born in 1974.
[Higher Degrees]
Dr of Engineering[Fields of Specialization]
Environmental planning
Regional informatics―Achievements―[Papers][Original Articles]
・Keishiro Hara・Terukazu Kumazawa・Michinori Kimura・Kazutoshi Tsuda 2015,11 Participatory approach invision setting: emerging initiatives in local municipalities in Japan. Sustainability Science First
online(07 November 2015) :1-11. DOI:10.1007/s11625-015-0347-z.(reviewed).
・Aiko Endo・Kimberly Burnett・Pedcris M. Orencio・Terukazu Kumazawa・Christopher A. Wada・Akira Ishii・
Izumi Tsurita and Makoto Taniguchi 2015,10 Methods of the Water-Energy-Food Nexus. Water 7(10) :5806-5830. DOI:10.3390/w7105806.(reviewed).

[Research Presentations][Oral Presentation]
・ Michinori Kimura, Jageyu Kim, Takashi Iwakawa, Terukazu Kumazawa Examination of the Roundtable
technique for Sustainable Society regional vision realize - A Case Study of Shiga Prefecture
Takashima of "Takashima future-Roundtable" -. 9th International Symposium on “ Environmentally
Conscious Design and Inverse Manufacturing” (EcoDesign2015), 2015,12,02-2015,12,04, Tokyo.
・ Terukazu Kumazawa, Takanori Matsui, Keishiro Hara, Shuji Kurimoto Collaborative approach toassessment of social-ecological systems based on ontology engineering. The 15th Biennial Global
Conference International Association for the Study of the Commons (IASC2015), 2015,05,25-2015,05,29,
Shaw Conference Centre, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.

[Poster Presentation]
・Terukazu Kumazawa, Keishiro Hara, Yasuhisa Kondo Interdisciplinary research development in global
environmental issues using experiments with ontology engineering. Japan Geoscience Union Meeting
2015, 2015,05,24-2015,05,28, Makuhari Messe International Conference Hall, Chiba, Japan.

121
Individual Achievements

MASUHARA, Naoki
Project Researcher

Born in 1974.
[Higher Degrees]
Master of Political Science(Waseda University, 2000)[Fields of Specialization]
Public Administration
Local Government Studies
Environment and Energy Policy
Citizen Participation Studies―Achievements―[Papers]

・Naoki Masuhara 2015,05 Local Governments as Demand side of Energy and Renewable Energy Issue. Toshi
Mondai (City Issue) 106(5) :64-73. (in Japanese)[Review Articles]
・Baba, K. and Masuhara, M. 2015,11 Report on the Special session “Trans-disciplinary Approach for
Water-Energy-Food Nexus Issue: A Case Study in Obama City, Fukui Prefecture” at the annual meetingof Society of Environmental Sciences Japan 2015. Journal of Society of Environmental Sciences Japan28(6) :457-461. (in Japanese)[Research Presentations][Oral Presentation]・Naoki Masuhara Possibility for problem solving based on interests of local citizen: examples of Obama
City and the Pajaro Valley, California. Annual Meeting of Society of Environmental Sciences Japan
2015, 2015,09,07-2015,09,08, Suita City, Osaka. (in Japanese)[Poster Presentation]・Naoki Masuhara Current State and Future Possibility of Renewable Energy Projects that utilize Local
Governmental Assets. 12th Poster Session of Environmental Information Science, 2015,12,01, Tokyo,
Japan. (in Japanese)

Individual Achievements

・Baba, K., Takatsu, H., Kito, M., Kawai, Y., Noritake, T., Masuhara, N., Kimura, M. and Tanaka, M
2015,07 Examing Harmonious Coexistence of Geothermal Resource between Small Power Generation and Hot
Spring Utilization by Stakeholder Analysis; A Case Study of Beppu. Journal of Society ofEnvironmental Sciences Japan 28(4) :316-329. (in Japanese) (reviewed).

RIHN[Original Articles]

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RIHN Annual Report 2015

MCGREEVY, Steven R.
Associate Professor

Born in 1978.
[Academic Career]
Division of Natural Resource Economics, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University (2008-2012)
College of Continuing Education, University of Minnesota (2002-2004)
St. John's University- Collegeville, MN (1997-2000)[Professional Career]
Lecturer, Seisen Jogakuin College (2007)
Monbukagakusho Scholar, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University (2009)
Lecturer, Nagano National College of Technology (2011)
Assistant Professor, Research Institute for Humanity and Nature (2013~)[Higher Degrees]
D.Ag. (Kyoto University, 2012)
M.LS. (University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, 2004)
B.A.: Major- Biology; Minor- Environmental Studies (St. John's University- Collegeville, MN, 2000)[Fields of Specialization]
Rural Sustainable Development
Environmental Sociology[Academic Society Memberships]
Japan Biochar Association
International Biochar Initiative
Japanese Association for Rural Studies
Rural Sociology SocietyInternational Association for the Study of the Commons―Achievements―[Papers][Original Articles]・[Report] McGreevy, Steven R. (ed.) 2016,03 Future Earth Knowledge-Action Network (KAN) on Sustainable
Consumption and Production. Exploratory Workshop on the Establishment of a SCP KAN.. :1-33.With
Contributions from Maurie J. Cohen (NJIT, SCORAI), Magnus Bengtsson (IGES), Hein Mallee (RIHN), andMai Kobayashi (RIHN).
・[Article] McGreevy, Steven R., Shibata, Akira, Tanabiki, Yusuke. 2016,02 Cultivating a Career: Makoto
Ogawa recalls a lifetime of work on charcoal, fungi, and plant growth interaction.. Biochar
Journal .
・[Newsletter] McGreevy, Steven R. 2015,09 京都府と地球研との地域連携の可能性. Humanity & Nature RIHN
Newsletter (56) :2-6.Interviewer..
・[Newsletter] McGreevy, Steven R. 2015,07 工業化した食農システムを再考する. Humanity & Nature RIHN
Newsletter :2-5. (in Japanese) Interviewee.

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Individual Achievements[Research Presentations][Oral Presentation]
・McGreevy, Steven R. Scaling down deep: Reflections on inhabiting sustainable transformative change..
Future Earth in Asia International Workshop. "Transformations to Sustainability: Moving from
Knowledge to Action", 2015,11,14, Research Institute for Humanity and Nature.
・McGreevy, Steven R. & Atsushi Inaba The story behind the scans: A review of food LCA smartphone apps
and their impact on consumers and the industry.. American Center for Life Cycle Assessment
International Conference XV, 2015,10,08-2015,10,10, University of British Columbia.
・McGreevy, Steven R. Towards a definition of holistic local food security in Asia. International
Symposium on Food, Risks and Sustainability: An Asian Perspective, 2015,07,05-2015,07,07, The Hong
Kong Polytechnic University.

[Invited Lecture / Honoronary Lecture / Panelist]
・ McGreevy, Steven R. A Humble Science: Toward Consensus Building Through Visions, Values, andTransformations. Inaugural Ritsumeikan University Osaka Ibaraki Campus and Regional Information
Research Center Symposium, 2015,05,30, Ritsumeikan University, Ibaraki Campus.. (in Japanese)
Panelist.

RIHN

NAKANO Takanori

Born in 1950.
[Academic Career]
Department of Geology, Faculty of Science, University of Tsukuba, D.Course(1982)
Department of Geology, Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Education, M.Course(1977)
Department of Geology, Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Education(1974)[Professional Career]
Professor, Research Institute for Humanity and Nature(2004)
Associate Professor, Institute of Geoscience, University of Tsukuba(1992)
Assistant Professor, Institute of Geoscience, University of Tsukuba(1982)[Higher Degrees]D.Sc(University of Tsukuba, 1982)
M.Sc.(Tokyo University of Education, 1977)[Fields of Specialization]
Isotope Environmental Studies[Academic Society Memberships]
The Society of Resource Geology
The Geological Society of Japan
Japanese Association of Hydrological Sciences
The Society of Economic Geologist[Awards]
Ecological Research Award(2009)

Individual Achievements

Professor

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RIHN Annual Report 2015

―Achievements―[Papers][Original Articles]
・Yamada Y, Fukuda T, Omori K. and Nakano, T. 2015 Origin of particulate organic matter in a river withremarkable water pollution in、Shikoku Island, Japan. Limnology 16 :127-137.(reviewed).
・Segawa, T., Sugiyama, N.,, Kinoshita, T., Nakano, T., Nagaosa, K.,, Greenidae, D. and Kato, K. 2015
Microbes in Groundwater of a Volcanic Mountain, Mt. Fuji; 16S rDNA Phylogenetic Analysis as a
Possible Indicator for the Transport Routes of Groundwater. Geomicrobiology Journal 32(8) :677-688.
DOI:10.1080/01490451.2014.991811.(reviewed).
・ S., Phan, H.M. H, Iwai, Y., Itoh, A., Aoki, H. and Nakano T. , V6, 20-30 doi: 2015 Longtime behaviorof cesium (Cs) in natural spring drinking water. . Sustainability of Water Quality and Ecology 6 :20-30. DOI:10.1016/j.swaqe.2015.04.001.(reviewed).
・Kusaka, S., Uno, K. T., Nakano, T., Nakatsukasa, M. and Cerling, T.E. 2015 Carbon isotope ratios ofhuman teeth record the evidence of terrestrial resource consumption during the Jomon period, Japan..
American Journal of Physical Anthropology 158(2) :300-311. DOI:10.1002/ajpa.22775.(reviewed).
・Shin, Ki-choel, Anma, R., Nakano, T., Orihashi, Y. and Ike, S. 2015 The Taitao ophiolite-granite
complex: a ridge-trench intersection oceanic lithosphere on-land and origin of calc-alkaline I-typegranites Episode. 38(4) :285-297.(reviewed).
・Yoshioka, Y., Nakamura, K., Nakano, T., Horino, H., Nakano, T., Shin、K.C., and Kawashima, S. 2015
Evaluation of groundwater qualities in a paddy-dominated alluvial fan.. Water Science & Tachnology,
Water Supply 15(6) :1236-1243. DOI:10.2166/ws.2015.088.(reviewed).
・Koshikawa、Kanao, M., Watanabe, M., Shin, K.H. Nishikioria, T., Takamatsua, T., Hayashi, S. andNakano, T. 2015 Using isotopes to determine the contribution of volcanic ash to Sr and Ca in stream
waters and plants in a granite watershed, Mt. Tsukuba, central Japan. Environmental Earth Sciences .
(reviewed).
・ Nakano, T. 2015 Potential of stable isotope ratios of geological origin in earth environmental
studies. Proceedings of the Japan Adademy, Ser. B 92.(reviewed).

NILES, Daniel
Associate Professor

Born in 1971.
[Academic Career]
Ph.D.(Graduate School of Geography, Clark University, Aug 1999-May 2007)
Seminar in College Teaching(Interdisciplinary Unit, Clark University, June-July 2006)
Certificate program in Wood Technology (3 of 4 semesters completed)(Laney College (Peralta Community
College District, California), Jan 1998-May 1999, Jun-July 2000)
B.A. in Community Studies (High Honors)(University of California, Santa Cruz, Aug 1989-Mar 1994)[Professional Career]
RIHN Communications Coordinator/PASONA(October 2008—March 2009)
RIHN Contract Worker(August 2008)
MINPAKU Visiting Researcher(1 June 2008—31 March 2009)
Lecturer, Department of Geography, Clark University(August—December 2006)
Editorial Assistant, The Geographical Review (June 2005—July 2006)
Research Assistant, Prof. Turner(August—December 2000)
Research Assistant, Profs. Turner and Kasperson(August—December 1999)

125
Individual Achievements

ESL Teacher(March 1998—January 1999)
Research Assistant, Professor Carter Wilson(August 1996—January 1997)[Higher Degrees]
Ph.D.(Graduate School of Geography, Clark University, Aug 1999-May 2007)
B.A. in Community Studies (High Honors)(University of California, Santa Cruz, Aug 1989-Mar 1994)[Fields of Specialization]
Geography[Awards]
Full Tuition Fellowship, Graduate School of Geography, Clark University, 1999-2007
Biodiversity Conservation Award, Regional Environmental Council, Worcester, MA 2005
Pruser-Holtzsauer Award, Graduate School of Geography, Clark University, 2002
Community Service Award, City of San Francisco, CA 1995
Dean’s Undergraduate Award, University of California, Santa Cruz, 1994
Highest Honors, Department of Community Studies, University of California, Santa Cruz, 1994
Senior Thesis Honors, Department of Community Studies, University of California, Santa Cruz, 1994
Community Service Award, Crown College, University of California, Santa Cruz, 1994

RIHN

―Achievements―[Books]・Niles, Daniel and Ken-ichi Abe 2015 Humanity and Nature in the Japanese Archipelago. RIHN

[Papers][Review Articles]
・Abe, K. and Niles, D. 2015 Interview with C.W. Nicol. Humanity and Nature Newsletter 53(March). (inJapanese)

OKUDA Noboru
Associate Professor

Born in 1969.
[Professional Career]
Lecturer, Mie University, Department of Liberal Arts (1998)
Postdoctoral fellow, Ehime University, Department of Biology and Earth Science (1998)
Research Fellow, Ehime University, Center for Marine Environmental Studies (2002)
Associate Professor, Kyoto University, Center for Ecological Research (2005)
Invited Associate Professor, Research Institute for Humanity and Nature (2013)
Associate Professor, Research Institute for Humanity and Nature (2014)[Higher Degrees]
B.S. (Science University of Tokyo, Department of Biological Science, 1992)
M.S. (Ehime University, Department of Biology, 1994)
Ph.D. (Kyoto University, Department of Biology, 1998)

Individual Achievements[Authored/Co-authored]

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RIHN Annual Report 2015

[Academic Society Memberships]
The Ichthyological Society of JapanThe Ecological Society of Japan
Japan Ethological Society
Society of Evolutionary Studies
The Japanese Society of Fisheries Science
The Japanese Society of Limnology[Awards]
Best Poster Award for International Symposium “Long-term Variations in the Coastal Environments andEcosystems” held in Ehime University (2004)
Young Ichthyologist Award 2005 from The Ichthyological Society of Japan (2005)
CHED REPUBLICA AWARDS 賞(2016)―Achievements―[Papers][Original Articles]
・Itoh, M., Y. Kobayashi, T.-Y. Chen, T. Tokida, M. Fukui, H. Kojima, T. Miki, I. Tayasu, F.-K. Shiah &N. Okuda 2015,07 Effect of interannual variation in winter vertical mixing on CH4 dynamics in a
subtropical reservoir.. Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences 120(7) :1246-1261. DOI:
10.1002/2015JG002972.(reviewed).
・Kakioka, R., T.Kokita, H.kumada, K.Watanabe ＆ N.Okuda 2015,07 Genomic architectue of habitatrelated divegence and signature of directional selection in the body shapes of Gnathopogon fishes..
Molecular Ecology 24(16) :4159-4174. DOI:10.1111/mec.13309.(reviewed).
・Cabanillas-Terán, N., P. Loor-Andrade, J. Marin & N. Okuda 2015,04 Algal diversity drives trophic
niche partitioning between sympatric grazers in marine rocky reefs. CENTER FOR ECOLOGICAL RESEARCH
NEWS, KYOTO UNIVERSITY 129 :13-13.(reviewed).

[Research Presentations][Oral Presentation]・Ide, J., H. Somura, T. Nakamura, Y. Mori, I. Takeda & K. Nishida. Spatial variations in river nitrateconcentration from upper toward lower reaches in the hilly and mountainous area. The 127th Annual
Meeting of the Japanese Forest Society, 2016,03,27-2016,03,30, Kanagawa, Japan.
・Ide, J., H. Somura, T. Nakamura, Y. Mori, I. Takeda & K. Nishida Spatial variations in concentrationand nitrogen and oxygen stable isotopes of river nitrate in a hilly and mountainous area, westernJapan. The 4th International Conference on Forests and Water in a Changing Environment,
2015,07,06-2015,07,09, Kelowna, BC, Canada.
・Cid, A.P.，U. Song, I. Tayasu, J. Okano, H. Togashi, N.F. Ishikawa, A. Murakami, T. Hayashi, T.
Iwata , K. Osaka, S. Nakano & N. Okuda Spatial distributions of REE, heavy metals and oxygen isotopeof phosphate in the Yasu river, Shiga, Japan. JpGU Meeting 2015, 2015,05,24-2015,05,28, Makuhari
Messe. (in Japanese)・Okuda, N., A. P. Cid, I. Tayasu & J. Ide Phosphate oxygen isotope analysis to study phosphorous
cycling. JPGU 2015, 2015,05,24-2015,05,28, Chiba City.

[Invited Lecture / Honoronary Lecture / Panelist]
・Okuda, N. Biodiversity-driven Nutrient Cycling and Human Well-being in Social-Ecological Systems. The
4th International Workshop on Future Earth in Asia, 2015,11,19, RIHN, Kyoto.

127
Individual Achievements

ONISHI Yuko
[Academic Society Memberships]
The Association of Japanese Geographers
The Society of Agricultural Meteorology of Japan
Japan Geoscience Union
Society for Conservation Biology
British Ecological SocietyInternational Biogeography Society
American Geographical Union―Achievements―[Research Presentations][Oral Presentation]

SAITOH Yu
Born in 1979.

―Achievements―[Papers][Original Articles]
・ Saitoh, Y., Ishikawa, T., Tanimizu, M., Murayama, M., Ujiie, Y., Yamamoto, Y., Ujiie, K., andKanamatsu, T. 2015 Sr, Nd, and Pb isotope compositions of hemipelagic sediment in the Shikoku Basin:
Implications for sediment transport by the Kuroshio and Philippine Sea plate motion in the lateCenozoic. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 421 :47-57.(reviewed).

SEKINO, Tatsuki
Proffesor

Born in 1969.
[Academic Career]
Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Kyoto University, D. Course (1998)

Individual Achievements

・Onishi, Y. Environmental information infrastructure strategies in Future Earth. JPGU Meeting 2015,
2015,05,27, Chiba.

RIHN

・Onishi, Y. Developing Japan Strategic Research Agenda through transdisciplinary priority setting.
WINTech 2016 - Solving Global Issues: Innovation Ecosystem with Advanced Renewable Energy in Future
City, 2016,03,16, Kobe.

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RIHN Annual Report 2015

Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Shinshu University, M. Sc. (1993)
Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Shinshu University (1991)[Professional Career]
Professor, Center for Research Promotion, Research Institute for Humanity and Nature (2016)
Associate Professor, Research Promotion Center, Research Institute for Humanity and Nature (2002)
Researcher, Research Division, International Lake Environmental Committee Foundation (2001)
COE Scientist, Center for Ecological Research, Kyoto University (1999)[Higher Degrees]
D. Sc. (University of Kyoto, 1998)
M. Sc.（University of Shishu, 1993)[Fields of Specialization]
Information Science
Limnology
Ecology[Academic Society Memberships]
Information Processing Society of Japan
Japanese Society of Limnology
Ecological Society of Japan[Awards]
IPSJ Yamashita SIG Research Award (2015)―Achievements―[Papers][Original Articles]
・Sekino, T. 2015,12 Linked data about calendars and their usage. IPSJ Symposium Series 2015(3) :191-198. (in Japanese) (reviewed).
・Sekino, T. 2015,12 Time Information System on the Web. Proceedings of ANGIS Taipei Meeting 2015 .
(reviewed).
・Sekino, T. 2015,12 Construction of Temporal Information Platform and its Utilization - Knowledge
Processing by Time. Joho Chishiki Gakkaishi 25(4) :303-314. DOI:http://doi.org/10.2964/
jsik_2015_027.
・Sekino, Tatsuki 2015,08 Database of Lunisolar Calendar after Meiji Era in Japan. IPSJ SIG Technical
Reports 2015-CH-107(1) :1-4. (in Japanese)[Research Presentations][Oral Presentation]
・Sekino, T. Time Information System on the Web. ANGIS Taipei Meeting 2015, 2015,12,04-2015,12,06,
Academia Sinica, Taiwan.
・ Sekino, T. Spatiotemporal Data Management on Cultural Information. IWASTCS2015: International
Workshop on Application of Science and Technology for Cultural Studies, 2015,11,13, Princess Maha
Chakri Sirindhorn Anthropology Centre, Bangkok.

129
Individual Achievements

SHIN Ki-Cheol
Assistant Professor[Higher Degrees]
PhD (University of Tsukuba, 2008)[Fields of Specialization]
Igneous petrology
Isotope Geochemistry[Academic Society Memberships]
The Society of Resource Geology
The Geochemical Society of Japan
Discussion Group for Plasma Spectrochemistry[Awards]
Resource Geology The Best Article award (2010)

RIHN―Achievements―[Papers][Original Articles]

・Masami Kanao Koshikawa, Mirai Watanabe, Ki-Cheol Shin, Tatsuhiro Nishikior, Takejiro Takamatsu, Seiji
Hayashi, Takanori Nakano 2016,03 Using isotopes to determine the contribution of volcanic ash to Sr
and Ca in stream waters and plants in a granite watershed, Mt. Tsukuba, central Japan. Environtal
Earth Sciences 75(501) :1-13. DOI:10.1007/s12665-015-5097-9.(reviewed).
・Ki-Cheol Shin, Ryo Anma, Takanori Nakano, Yuji Orihashi, Shin-ichi Ike. 2015,12 The Taitao ophiolitegranite complex: a ridge-trench intersection oceanic lithosphere on-land and origin of calc-alkaline
I-type granites. Episode 38(4) :285-299.(reviewed).
・Y. Yoshioka, K. Nakamura, H. Horino, T. Nakano, K. C. Shin and S. Kawashima 2015,12 Evaluation ofgroundwater qualities in a paddy-dominated alluvial fan. Water Science & Technology: Water Supply
15(6) :1236-1243.(reviewed).

TANIGUCHI Makoto
Professor

Born in 1959.
[Academic Career]
University of Tsukuba, Japan Ph.D. Hydrology (1987)
University of Tsukuba, Japan M.S. Hydrology (1984)
University of Tsukuba, Japan B.S. Geosciences (1982)[Professional Career]
Research Institute for Humanity and Nature, Associate Professor (2003 - 2007)
Department of Earth Sciences, Nara University of Education, Professor (2000 - 2003)
Department of Earth Sciences, Nara University of Education, Associate Professor (1993 - 2000)

Individual Achievements

・Masanori Kurosawa, Kimikazu Sasa, Ki-Cheol Shin, Satoshi Ishii 2016,03 Trace-element compositions and
Br/Cl ratios of fluid inclusions in the Tsushima granite, Japan: Significance for formation of
granite-derived fluids. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 182 :216-239.(reviewed).

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RIHN Annual Report 2015

Department of Earth Sciences, Nara University of Education, Research Associate (1988 - 1990)
Division of Water Resources, CSIRO, Australia, Visiting Scientist (1987 - 1988)[Higher Degrees]
D.Sc (The University of Tsukuba,1987)
M.Sc.(The University of Tsukuba,1984)[Fields of Specialization]
Environmental dynamic analysis
Hydrology/Weather/Oceanic physics[Academic Society Memberships]
American Geophysical Union
International Association of Hydrological Sciences
International Association of Hydrogeology
Japanese Association of Groundwater Hydrology
Japanese Association of Hydrological Science
Japan Society of Engineering Geology
The Japan Society of Hydrology and Water Resources
The Association of Japanese Geographers
The Japanese Society of Limnology[Awards]
Award of 7th Japanese Association of Limnology (Yoshimura Prize, 2005)
Research award from the Association of Japanese Geographers (1987)―Achievements―[Papers][Original Articles]
・Gurdak, J., Geyer, G., Nanus, L., Taniguchi, M., Corona, C. 2016,02 Scale dependence of controls on
groundwater vulnerability in the water–energy–food nexus, California Coastal Basin aquifer system.
Journal of Hydrology: Regional Studies . DOI:10.1016/j.ejrh.2016.01.002.(reviewed).
・Yamada, M., Shoji, J., Ohsawa, S., Mishima, T., Hata, M., Honda, H., Fujii, M., Taniguchi, M. 2016,02
Hot spring drainage impact on fish communities around temperate estuaries in southwestern Japan.
Journal of Hydrology: Regional Studies . DOI:10.1016/j.ejrh.2015.12.060.(reviewed).

[Research Presentations][Poster Presentation]
・Taniguchi, M. Impacts of geothermal energy developments on hydrological environment in hot springareas. American Geophysical Union, 2015,12,18, Moscon Center, USA.

[Invited Lecture / Honoronary Lecture / Panelist]
・ Taniguchi, M. Global Environmental Change: Future Earth Project. WINTEC2016, 2016,03,15, Kobe
University, Kobe.
・Taniguchi M Groundwater studies in Asia for global sustainability. Keynote speech at International
Association of Hydrogeology 2015 Asia-Pacific Regional Meeting, 2015,04,09, Lotte City Hotels Jeju,
Jeju, Korea.

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Individual Achievements

TAYASU Ichiro
Professor

Born in 1969.
[Academic Career]
Department of Zoology, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Doctor Course(1997)
Department of Zoology, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Master Course(1994)
Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Kyoto University(1992)[Professional Career]
Professor, RIHN Center, Research Institute for Humanity and Nature (2016)
Professor, Center for Research Promotion, Research Institute for Humanity and Nature (2014)
Associate Professor, Center for Ecological Research, Kyoto University (2003)
Assistant Professor, Research Institute for Humanity and Nature (2002)
Postdoctoral Research Fellow (Research Abroad) of the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science;
Laboratoire d'Ecologie des Sols Tropicaux, Institut de Recherche pour le Developpement (2000)
Postdoctoral Research fellow (PD) of the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science; Laboratory of[Higher Degrees]
Ph.D (Kyoto University, 1997)
M Sc. (Kyoto University, 1994)
Isotope Ecology
Animal Ecology
Freshwater Ecology
Soil Ecology
Isotope Environmental Science[Academic Society Memberships]
Ecological Society of JapanThe Japanese Society of Limnology
The Japanese Society of Soil Zoology
The International Union for the Study of Social Insects
Japan Geoscience Union
Advancing the Science of Limnology and Oceanography[Awards]
16th Inoue Research Award for Young Scientists (1999)―Achievements―[Papers][Original Articles]
・Haraguchi, T.F. and Tayasu, I. 2016,01 Turnover of species and guilds in shrub spider communities ina 100-year post-logging chronosequence.. Environmental Entomology 45 :117-126. DOI:10.1093/ee/
nvv142.(reviewed).
・Akamatsu, F., Suzuki, Y., Kato, Y., Yoshimizu, C. and Tayasu, I. 2016,01 A comparison of freeze-dry
and oven-dry preparation methods for bulk and compound-specific carbon stable isotope analyses:
examples using the benthic macroinvertebrates Stenopsyche marmorata and Epeorus latifolium.. Rapid
Communications in Mass Spectrometry 30 :137-142. DOI:10.1002/rcm.7421.(reviewed).

Individual Achievements[Fields of Specialization]

RIHN

Forest Ecology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Japan (1997)

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RIHN Annual Report 2015

・Ishida, T., Tayasu, I. and Takenaka, C. 2015,11 Quantitative reconstruction of sulfur deposition
using a mixing model based on sulfur isotope ratios in tree rings.. Journal of Environmental Quality
44 :1800-1808. DOI:10.2134/jeq2014.11.0506.(reviewed).
・Itoh, M., Kobayashi, Y., Chen, T-Y., Tokida, T., Fukui, M., Kojima, H., Miki, T., Tayasu, I., Shiah,
F-K. and Okuda, N. 2015,07 Effect of inter-annual variation in winter vertical mixing on CH4
dynamics in a subtropical reservoir.. Journal of Geophysical Research-Biogeosciences 120 :1246-1261.
DOI:10.1002/2015JG002972.(reviewed).
・Ishida, T., Tayasu, I. and Takenaka, C. 2015,07 Characterization of sulfur deposition over the period
of industrialization in Japan using sulfur isotope ratio in Japanese cedar tree rings taken fromstumps.. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment 187 :459. DOI:10.1007/s10661-015-4678-0.(reviewed).
・Ishikawa, N.F., Tayasu, I., Yamane, M., Yokoyama, Y., Sakai, S. and Ohkouchi, N. 2015,05 Sources ofdissolved inorganic carbon in two small streams with different bedrock geology: insights from carbon
isotopes.. Radiocarbon 57(3) :439-448. DOI:10.2458/azu_rc.57.18348.(reviewed).

TERADA Masahiro
Visiting Associate Professor[Higher Degrees]
M.Lit(Osaka University,1998)[Fields of Specialization]
History
Metahistory―Achievements―[Books][Chapters/Sections]・Masahiro Terada 2016,01 “Anthropocene Discourse as a Historical Narrative”. Humanity & Nature.
Research Institute for Humanity and Nature, Kyoto, pp.11. (in Japanese)・ Masahiro Terada 2015,12 "Kobe as a Place of Memories: Conflicts and Reconciliation of Public,
Collective, and Individual Memories". Shuhei Kimura and Hiromu Shikizu(ed.) (ed.) Towards New
Humanity, Towards New Society: Recreate the Story of Reconstruction. Area Studies for Disaster
Management, Vol.5. Kyoto University Press, Kyoto, pp.115-160. (in Japanese)[Papers][Original Articles]
・Masahiro Terada 2015,04 “Pubic Memory of Natural Disasters in Modern/ Contemporary Japan from theView Point of Milieu: Comparative Study on Topoi and Architecture of Museum and Memorial of theGreat Kanto Earthquake and the Great Hanshin Earth Quake”. Hanoi National University (ed.) Disasterand its Recovery. Collection of Japanese Studies, Vol.5. World Press, Hanoi, Vietnam, pp.147-168.
(in Japanese)

133
Individual Achievements[Research Presentations][Oral Presentation]
・ Masahiro Terada “ Nature, Artificiality, and Becoming: Anthropocene/ Technosphere Thesis as aHistorical Narrative”. [Workshop] Conceptualizing the persistence of human-environmental knowledge
through time, objects, and landscapes, 2016,02,23, RHIN, Kyoto.
・Masahiro Terada "100 Years of Food Narrative: Quest for Long-life Narrative". FEAST (Lifeworlds of
Sustainable Food Consumption and Production: Agrifood Systems in Transition, RIHN Pre Research
Project) Annual Assembly, 2016,02,07, RHIN, Kyoto.
・Masahiro Terada “The Anthropocene concept and Japanese historical narrative: Becoming, nature, andartificiality ” . Preparatory meeting for the “ Anthropocene Seminar2/ Technosphere Issue ” ,2015,10,01, Berlin: Max Planck Institute für Wissenschaftsgeschichte.
・Masahiro Terada “The Anthropocene concept and Japanese historical narrative:Becoming, nature, andartificiality”. #1Anthropocene Workshop, 2015,09,17, Kyoto: Research Institute for Humanity andNature.
・Masahiro Terada "Problematics of the Poetics of Aristoteles” . Pattern Language Research Meeting,2015,08,10, RHIN, Kyoto.

YASUNARI Tetsuzo
Director-General

Born in 1947.
[Professional Career]
Director-General, Research Institute for Humanity and Nature (4/2013- )Designated Professor, Hydrospheric Atmospheric Research Center (HyARC),(4/2012-3/2013 )NagoyaUniversity.

Professor, Hydrospheric Atmospheric Research Center (HyARC), Nagoya University. (8/2002-3/2012)
Leader, Global COE program “From Earth System Science to Basic and Clinical Environmental Studies”(2009-2012)
Leader, the 21st Century COE Program "The Sun-Earth-Life Interactive System (SELIS)" (2003-2008)
Visiting Professor, Department of Earth & Planetary Science, the University of Tokyo. (4/2003-3/2006)
Professor, Climatology & Meteorology, University of Tsukuba. (4/1992-7-2002)
Associate Professor, Climatology & Meteorology, University of Tsukuba. (6/1990-3/1992)
Assistant Professor, Climatology & Meteorology, University of Tsukuba. (8/1984-8/1985)
Visiting Scientist, Department of Meteorology, Florida State University (8/1984-8/1985)
Research Associate, Center for Southeast Asian Studies, Kyoto University. (4/1977-3/1982)[Higher Degrees]
D.Sc., Meteorology & Climatology (Kyoto University, 1981)
M.S., Meteorology (Kyoto University, 1974)[Fields of Specialization]
Meteorology

Individual Achievements

・ Masahiro Terada Current Situation of Environment Studies in Berlin. Report Meeting for Current
Research Mission of Global Environment Studies 2014, 2015,05,07, Kyoto: Research Institute for
Humanity and Nature.

RIHN

・Masahiro Terada “When landscape recovers, soul will recover”. Research meeting for disaster andrehabilitation, 2015,07,25, Kyoto: Center for the Integrated Area Studies, Kyoto University. (inJapanese)

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RIHN Annual Report 2015

Climatology
Climate systems studies[Academic Society Memberships]
The Association of Japanese Geographers
Meteorological Society of Japan
Japan Society of Hydrology and Water Resources
The Japanese Society of Snow and Ice
American Geophysical Union
American Meteorological Society[Awards]
Chichibuno-Miya Memorial award (as a group member) 1980
Yamamoto Prize, Meteorological Society of Japan 1981
Research Award (Gakkai-sho), Meteorological society of Japan 1986
Nikkei Prize for Global Environmental Study and Technology 1991
Fujiwara Prize, Meteorological Society of Japan 2002
International Award, Japanese Society of Hydrology and Water resources 2006
Meritorious Deed Award, Japan Society of Hydrology and Water Resources 2014
Japan Geoscience Union Fellow 2015

―Achievements―[Editing][Editing / Co-editing]・Michael Manton, Tetsuzo Yasunari, Ailikun, Hein Mallee, Rodel Lasco, Ramachandran Ramesh (ed.) 2015
Initial Strategic Research Plan for Future Earth in Asia. China Meteorological Press, 116pp.

[Papers][Original Articles]
・ Fujinami, H., T. Yasunari and T. Watanabe 2015 Trend and Interannual Variation in Summer
Precipitation in Eastern Siberia in Recent Decades. International Journal of Climatology .
(reviewed).

[Review Articles]
・A. P. Dimri, D. Niyogi, A. P. Barros, J. Ridley, U. C. Mohanty, T. Yasunari and D. R. Sikka 2015
Western Disturbances: A Review. Reviews of Geophysics .(reviewed).

[Research Presentations][Invited Lecture / Honoronary Lecture / Panelist]
・ Tetsuzo Yasunari Future Earth: its importance and implication in Asia. The 13th International
Conference on the Atmospheric Sciences and Application to Air Quality (ASAAQ13), 2015,11,11, Kobe
International Conference Center, Hyogo .
・Tetsuzo Yasunari Sustainable and resilient urban-rural system as a key issue of Future Earth in Asia.
International Symposium on Co-design for Urbanization in China and the Asia-Pacific Region,
2015,10,23, Xiamen, China .
・Tetsuzo Yasunari Climate Change and Disaster Risk Reduction Management. STS Forum, 2015,10,05, Kyoto
International Conference Center.
・ Tetsuzo Yasunari RACC7 Report to STS plenary. RACC7, 2015,10,03, Kyoto International ConferenceCenter.

135
Individual Achievements

・Tetsuzo Yasunari Future Earth: towards global sustainability of THE ANTHROPOCENE?. Future Earth withINQUA, 2015,07,28, Nagoya Congress Center, Aichi .
・Tetsuzo Yasunari Future Earth: its importance and implications in Asia. 26th IUGG General Assembly,
2015,06,23, Prague, Czech Republic .
・Tetsuzo Yasunari Monsoon Asia as a key region for Future Earth. AGU Chapman Conference, 2015,06,15,
Hong Kong, China .

YASUTOMI Natsuko
Assistant Professor

Born in 1973.
[Academic Career]
Department of Earth and Planetary Science, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo,
D.Course(2003)

Faculty of Science, Kyoto University(1997)

Project Researcher, Research Institute for Humanity and Nature(2009)
Researcher, Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST), Japan Science and Technology
Agency(2003)[Higher Degrees]
D. Sc. (The University of Tokyo, 2003)
M. Sc. (The University of Tokyo, 1998)[Fields of Specialization]
Meteorology
Climatology[Academic Society Memberships]
Meteorological Society of Japan
Japan Geoscience Union
Japan Society of Hydrology and Water Resources
American Geophysical Union
American Meteorological Society[Awards]
JMSJ Award (2013)
International Award of the Japan Society of Hydrology and Water Resources (2015)

Individual Achievements[Professional Career]
Assistant Professor, Research Institute for Humanity and Nature (2010)
Senior Project Researcher, Research Institute for Humanity and Nature(2010)

RIHN

Department of Earth and Planetary Science, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo,
M.Course(1998)

136
RIHN Annual Report 2015

―Achievements―[Research Presentations][Poster Presentation]・Natsuko Yasutomi Estimated changes in climatological mean temperature in highland region of South
Asia by increasing observational data input. 12th Annual meeting of Asia Oceania Geosciences
Society, 2015,08,03-2015,08,07, Singapore.

Life-worlds of Sustainable Food Consumption: Agrifood Systems in Transition

E-06-Init
（PR）
48

92

23

Biodiversity-driven Nutrient Cycling and Human Well-being in SocialEcological Systems

D-06
（FR1）

75

Institutional
Toward the Regeneration of Tropical Peatland Societies: Establishment of an
Collaboration FS
International Research Network and Proposal for the Future（MIZUNO)

Societal Adaptation to Climate Change: Integrating Palaeoclimatological
Data with Historical and Archaeological Evidences

H-05
（FR2）

80

13

Long-term Sustainability through Place-Based, Small-scale Economies:
Approaches from Historical Ecology

R-09
（FR2）

85

Individual
Integrative Study on the Linkage of Agricultural Activities and Environmental
Collaboration FS Degradation through Systematic Analysis, Research and Improving Practices,（FUNAKAWA) and Reintegration

Human-Environmental Security in Asia-Pacific Ring of Fire: Water-EnergyFood Nexus

R-08-Init
（FR3）

143

12

Creation and Sustainable Governance of New Commons through Formationof Integrated Local Environmental Knowledge

E-05-Init
（FR4）

31

Individual
Collaboration FS Food Sovereignty, Sustainable Agriculture and Fukushima Contamination（KANEKO)

Desertification and Livelihood in Semi-Arid Afro-Eurasia

R-07
（FR4）

154

31

Coastal Area Capability Enhancement in Southeast Asia

D-05
（FR4）

86

Total

Individual
Local Standard in Globalization: Social Inclusive Approaches towards
Collaboration FS
Transformation of Local Communities（KAJITANI)

Designing Local Frameworks for Integrated Water Resources Management

Title of the project

Project
Number

C-09-Init（FR5）

Number and Affiliation of Project Members

Appendix 1

3

2

0

2

4

6

6

5

9

10

6

12

5

RIHN

11

2

8

10

19

31

29

18

22

49

13

63

16

National

1

3

0

1

1

10

3

1

6

3

2

0

4

PublicUniversity / College

0

0

1

5

6

15

17

13

8

18

3

25

7

Private

0

1

0

0

0

0

5

1

0

0

0

0

0

InterUniversity
Research
Institute

2

1

0

1

4

17

6

5

11

15

3

11

3

PublicInstitution

1

0

3

7

5

3

3

0

3

16

2

0

2

PrivateInstitution

0

0

0

0

0

2

2

2

1

1

1

1

1

Others

5

4

0

5

9

8

4

35

25

31

1

42

48

Overseas
Institution

15

11

31

930

Institutional
Value-based Sanitation: Sanitation Value Chain for Human Happiness andCollaboration FS
Resources Management（FUNAMIZU)

Institutional
Evaluation and Use of Non-monetary Benefits from Protected Tropical Rain
Collaboration FS
Forest Areas in Southeast Asia
（ICHIE)

Co-Creating Heuristic and Autonomous Risk-Recognition System and ValueAction Networking for Futurability

Total

Initiative-based
FS（HANDOH)
70

0

0

0

323

14

9

9

39

2

0

2

124

4

2

0

7

0

0

0

82

2

0

1

47

2

0

0

226

6

0

3

As of 31 March, 2016

12

1

0

0

Appendix 2 Research Fields of Project Members
Project
Number

C-09-Init（FR5）

Title of the Project

Designing Local Frameworks for Integrated Water Resources
Management

The Number of Projects Members
Natural Sciences

60

Humanities

10

Social Sciences

16

Total

Research Background of Project Members

86(Natural Sciences) Farming System research, Aguriculture, Water Resource Engineering, Water Environmental Engineering, Irrigation and drainage, Soil Science, Geology, Water quality Engineering, Physical Engineering, Medical Science, Irrigation Engineering, Regional
informatics, Hydrology, Remote sensing, Aguricultural Engineering, Aguricultural Environmental Engineering, Aguricultural Environmentalinformatics, Climatology, Ecology Engineering, Environmental informatics, Hydrological modelling, Global hydrology, Regional
Environmental hydrology, Hydrospheric Atmospheric System, Agrometeorology(Humanities ) Archaeology, Cultural Anthropology, Anthropology, Economic geography, Development Anthropology, Geography, Hisotry of Islamic art and culture, Water Resource Management(Social Sciences) Environmental Policy, Environmental Sociology, Policy Science, Management, Sociology, Environmental Science, Environmental Planning, Social development study, Aguricultural Economics, SocioEconomics, Regional development Planning

D-05
（FR4）

Coastal Area Capability Enhancement in Southeast Asia

114

13

27

154

(Natural Sciences) Tropical forest research, Fish Ecology, Fish taxonomy, Population genetics, Genetics, Fisheries Science, Ichthyology, Costal Ecology, Molecular Ecology, Planktology, Robotics, Resource Geology, Fishing gear, Water quality analysis, Seedling production,
Genetic analysis, Marine Engineering, Telemetry, Sandy beach ecoSystem, Aquaculture, Ecology, Fish behavior, Marine Ecology, Fisheries research, Biology, Environmental Studies, Water environment Studies, Environmental Science, Molecular phylogenetics, Costal
Environmental research, Aquatic Ecology, Conservation Ecology, Software Engineering, Coral reef Ecology, Fishery research,(Humanities) Cultural Anthropology, International ﬁsheries development Studies, Area Studies, SATOUMI SATOYAMA, Area development Studies, Ecological Anthropology, Village development, Sociology of ﬁshing communities, Regional development Studies,
Underwater Archaeology, Archaeology, Sociology, Cultural Anthropology, Anthropology, Social Anthropology,(Social Sciences) Economics, Regional development, Fisheries Economics, Regional Economics, Resource Management, Traditional technique, Tourism study, Area Studies, Village development, Fish catching and Environmental linkage

R-07
（FR4）

Desertiﬁcation and Livelihood in Semi-Arid Afro-Eurasia

18

7

6

31

(Natural Sciences) Agronomy, Boundary Aguriculture, Remote Sensing, Soil Ecology, Soil Science, Weed Science, Meteorology, Natural Geography, Regional Architecture、Environmental Soil Science, Plant Nutrition, Zootechny, Geology, Agricultural Ecology,
Agricultural Culture, Ethnogeography, Development Anthropology, Afro Eurasia Arid Region Area Studies(Humanities ) Ethnoarchaeology, Cultural Anthropology, Ethnic Geography, African area Studies, Archaeology, Environmental Anthropology,(Social Sciences) Rural development Studies, Social development Studies, Rural Economics, Area Studies, Social Anthropology, Aguricultural culture

E-05-Init（FR4）

Creation and Sustainable Governance of New Commons throughFormation of Integrated Local Environmental Knowledge

143(Natural Sciences) Local Environmental Science, Landscape Ecology, Statistical Physics, Governance Theory, Science and Technology Studies, Fishery Management, Theoretical Biology, Game Theory, Satoyama Management, Complex Systems Theory, Wildlife
Management, Resource Management, Sanctuary Management, Ecology, Mathematical Biology, Soil Hydrology, Satoumi Governance, Coastal Management, Residential Research, Satoyama Restoration, Renewable Energy, Nature Restoration, Ecodystem Management,
Agroecodystem, Knowledge Theory, Watershed Management, Natural Energy, Plant Ecology, Geology, Forest Ecology, Geography(Humanities ) Science Ethics, Folklore, Governance Theory, Ecological Anthropology, Social Anthropology, Hisotry, Japanese Hisotry (modan), Knowledge Studies, Sanctuary Management, Anthropology, Geography(Social Sciences) Governance Theory, Resource Management, Environmental Ethics, International Law, Environmental Economics, Fishery Resource Management, Environmental Sociology, Residential Research, Conservation Theory, Agroecosystem, Network Theory,
Biodiversity Policy, Political Science, Social pPychology, Environmental Governance, Ocean Policy, Environmental NGO Theory, Coastal Management, African Area Studies, Environmental Law, Commons,

85(Natural Sciences) Hydrology, Hot Spring Science, Energy Science, Thermal Energy, Aguricultural Water Utilization, Bioresource Ecology, Model of Connectivity of Hills, Humans and Oceans, Geothermal Science, Estuary Ecology, Geothermal energy, Coastal Fisheries,
Bioresource Science, Marine/Coastal Geology, Geology, Water - Energy Nexus, Coastal Oceanography, Hot Spring/Ecology/Energy, Hot Spring/Groundwater, Coastal Protection, Marine Ecology, Envitonmental Science, Satoumi Resource Ecology, Fisheries, HydroelectricPower, Fisheries Ecology, Groundwater Management, Geochemistry, Geoscience, Geothermal Energy, Geothermal Energy Policy, Biomass, Water Quality, Hydrological System Analysis, Hydrogeology, Limnology, Gravity Measurement and Geothermal Modelling,
Seismology, Engineering Seismology, Geotechnical Engineering(Humanities) Environmental Governance, Operations Management, Local Knowledge, Graphic Design, Resource Studies, Societal Action, Psychology, Ecological Anthropology, Ethnobiology, Human Ecology(Social Sciences) Environment and development, Conservation Ecology, Environmental Planning, Global Environmental Policy, Fishery Resource, Coastal Sociology, Public Policy, Regional Studies, Environmental Policy, Policy process, International relations, Fishery
Economics, Environmental Economics, Sociology, Economics, Environmental governance, Behavioral social Science, Integrated water Resources Management, Cultural Anthropology , Environment-economy Assessment, Climate Change Policy, Public Administration,
Ocean Policy, Social Networking Theory, Crust Research, Physical Modelling, Environmental Conservation by Companies and Citizens

80(Natural Sciences) Oceanography, Aquatic Marine Environmental Education Research, Global Environmental Oceanography・Paleoenvironment, Stable Isotope Ecology, Botanical Archaeology, Anthropology, Agroecology, Physical Anthropology, Environmental
Archaeology, Environmental Ecology, Biological Anthropology, Biological anthropology (Human Evolution), Paleobotany, Paleoclimatology, Ecology, Isotope Analysis, Animal Archaeology, Soil Ecology, Physics(Humanities) Archaeology, Museology, Cultural Property, Palaeoenvironmental Studies, Archaeobotany, Osteoarchaeology, Prehisoty, Geological Archeology, Japanese Archeology, Prehistoric Archeology, Ethnic Archeology(Social Sciences) Environmental Anthropology, Historical Ecology, Human Environmental Geography, Silviculture, Political Ecology, Archaeobotany, Zooarchaeology, Anthropology, Ethnology, Hunter-gatherers Studies, Political Economy, Sociology, Cultural
Anthropology, Urban Ethnography, Integrated Policy Science, Paleoecology, East Asian Archaeology, Bioarhaeology, Archaeology, Cultural Ecology, Evolutionary Ecology, Dissemination and Enlightenment of Environmental Issues, Area Studies, Lifelong Learning,
Environmental Archaeology, Food Culture, Peace Studies, Political Ecology, Social and Cultural Anthropology, Earthquake Disaster Studies, Sociology of Science and Technology, Ecological Anthropology, Indigenous People Archaeology, Agriculture, Cooperative
Movement, Social Movement, Archeology (West Coast of Northen America)

75(Natural Sciences) Palaeoclimatology, Dendrochronology, Historical Climatology, Wood Anatomy, Palaeoceanography, Dating Method, Plant Ecology, Isotopic Meteorology and Climatology, Climate Dynamics・Climate Modeling, Earth System Dynamics, Wood Science,
Isotope GeoChemistry, Glaciology, Hydrology, Geochronology, Earth Dynamics, GeoChemistry, Forestry, Environmental Studies, Radiocarbon chronology, Climatology, Glaciology(Humanities) Japanese Early Modern Age Hisotry, Archaeology, Japanese Early Modern Age Urban Hisotry・Comparative Studies of Historical Documents, Prehistorical Archaeology, Japanese Middle Age Hisotry, Japanese Archaeology, Theoretical Archaeology, Japanese
Hisotry, Vegetational Hisotry, Edo-era Hisotry, Japanese Early Modern Hisotry, Hisory of Ryukyu, Japanese Early Modern Age Emperor Studies/Economic Hisotry, Archaeology (Prehistoric-chronology), Archaeology (Yayoi-era), Prehisotry, Human Informatics, Japanese
Ancient Hisotry, Japanese Religious Hisotry, Japanese Middle Age Hisotry (Shoena Manor/Village/Environment), Feudal Domain Hisotry(Social Sciences) Japanese Economic Hisotry・Historical Demography, Environmental Policy, Japanese Early Modern Age Economical and Social Hisotry92(Natural Sciences) Ecological Science, Plant Ecology, Satellite Ecology, Stable Isotope Ecology, Community Ecology, Water Weed Resource Circulation, Fish Genetics and Breeding Science, Freshwater Biology, Fish Ecology, Phycology, Ecological Stoichiometry, Marine
EcoSystem Engineering, Aquatic Biology, Hydrosphere Ecology, Plant Physiological Ecology, Ecology, Mathematical Biology, Evolutionary Biology, Microbial Ecology, Fungal Diversity, BiogeoChemistry, Chemical Oceanography, Applied Ecology, Molecular Ecology,
Forest Ecology, Hydrology, Ecological Genetics, Aquatic Ecology, Forest Hydrology, Conservation Ecology, Fungology, Geophysics, Lake Synthetic Science, Integrated Lake Basin Management, Plankton Ecology, Analytical Chemistry, Environmental Economy,
Environmental Sociology, Environmental Aguriculture, Environmental Microbiology, Environmental Conservation, Forestry and Environmental Studies, Hydrosphere Chemistry, Fisheries, Hydrological Science, Mineral Nutrient Circulation in Groundwater, Benthic Animal
Diversity, Freshwater Ecology, Environmental Analytic Chemistry, Spatial Statistics, Underwater Acoustic Studies, River Basin Conservation(Humanities) Historical Geography(Social Sciences) Environmental Policy, Rural Sociology, Environmental Sociology, Industrial Ecology, Ecological Economics, Applied Economics, Quantitative Sociology, Social Psychology, Sociology, Environmental Economy, Environmental Measures, Regional
Planning

48(Natural Sciences) Soil Science, Agrifood Social Science, Rural Sociology, Food System Science, Farm Management, Regional Studies, Water Quality Monitoring, Agroforestry, Environmental Aguriculture, Food Science, Material Circulation Estimation, Radiation Control,
Modelling, Green Space Planning, Environmental Energy Science, Public Health, Social Ecological System, EcoSystem, Farming and Fishing Village Studies, Carbon Dynamics in Soil
(Humanities) Environmental Sociology, Social Statistics, Regional Policy and Planning, Environmental Logic, Anthropology, Cultural Anthropology, Hisotry, Political Economy, Science and Technology Studies(Social Sciences) Environmental Sociology, Environmental Planning, Food Policy, Rural Planning, Innovation Studies, Management Theory, Global Aguricultural Economics, Agrifood Social Science, Economic Sociology, Agrifood System, Geology, Science andTechnology Studies, Environmental Policy, Sociology, Food Sociology, Fisheries Sociology, Policy Science

R-08-Init（FR3）

Human-Environmental Security in Asia-Paciﬁc Ring of Fire:
Water-Energy-Food Nexus

R-09
（FR2）

Long-term Sustainability through Place-Based, Small-scale
Economies:
Approaches from Historical Ecology

H-05
（FR2）

Societal Adaptation to Climate Change: Integrating
Palaeoclimatological Data with Historical and Archaeological
Evidences

D-06
(FR1)

Biodiversity-driven Nutrient Cycling and Human Well-Being in
Social-ecological Systems

E-06-Init（PR）

Life-worlds of Sustainable Food Consumption: Agrifood Systems
in Transition

55

49

24

32

73

21

22

8

20

39

2

9

66

28

36

4

17

18

Individual
Local Standard in Globalization: Social Inclusive Approaches
Collaboration FS
towards Transformation of Local Communities（KAJITANI)

3

14

14

31

(Natural Sciences) Landscape Planning, Regional Development, Aguriculture, Ecological Anthropology(Humanities) Philosophy, Comparative Culture, Architectual Hisotry, Religion, Human Geography, Art Anthoropology, Climatology, Semiotics, Communication, Environmental Hisotry, Disaster Hisotry, Public Space Studies, Food Philosophy, Creative Writing,
Environmental Humanities, Architectural Education(Social Sciences) Environmental Planning, Regional Economy, Regional Society, Medical Sociology, Bereavement,Community Construction, Quantitative Research, Popular Culture, Business Administration, Local Community, Law, International Law, Political Science,
Design Foundation, Information Design, Financial System, Urban Regeneration, Regional Vitalization, Regional Development, Life and Design, Urban Policy, Environmental Impact Assessment, Environmental Policy, Biological Resource Education, Regional
Administration

Individual
Food Sovereignty, Sustainable Aguriculture and Fukushima
Collaboration FS
Contamination（KANEKO)

5

6

1

12

(Natural Sciences) Soil Ecology, Crop Science, Weed Science, Geoponics, Forest Environmental Information, Biomass Energy, Forest Ecology Management, Aguricultural education, Organic Aguriculture, Aguricultural Economy(Humanities) Landscape Architecture, Regional Economics(Social Sciences) Food Economics, Aguricultural Policy, Aguriculture Management, Regional Vitalization, Social Risk Studies,

Individual
Integrative Study on the Linkage of Aguricultural Activities
Collaboration FS and Environmental Degradation through Systematic Analysis,（FUNAKAWA) Research and Improving Practices, and Reintegration

9

2

2

13

(Natural Sciences) Environmental Aguriculture, Community Development, Ecology, Aguricultural Ecology, Mineralogy, Botany, Aguriculture, Environmental Science, Aguricultural Ecology(Humanities) Ecological Anthropology, Anthropology(Social Sciences) Environmental Economics, Aguricultural Economy

Institutional
Toward the Regeneration of Tropical Peatland Societies:
Collaboration FS Establishment of an International Research Network and Proposal（MIZUNO)for the Future

18

1

4

23

(Natural Sciences) Environmental Anthropology, Environmental Resource Geology, Political Ecology, Atmospheric Chemistry, Agrometeorology, Land Use and Land Resources Management, Hydrology, Biogeochemistry, Plant Ecology, Forest Ecology, Soil Science,
Physical Geography, Ecology, Policy Research(Humanities) Social Anthropology(Social Sciences) Area Studies(Indonesia), Economic Hisotry, Political Science, Local Wood Use, Area Studies

Institutional
Value-based Sanitation: Sanitation Value Chain for Human
Collaboration FS
Happiness and Resources Management（FUNAMIZU)

7

3

5

15

(Natural Sciences) Sanitary Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Environmental Engineering, Water treatment Engineering, Public health microbiology(Humanities) Aguricultural Economics, Cultural Anthropology(Social Sciences) African Political Science, Development Economics, Community Participation, International Health, Sociology

Institutional
Evaluation and Use of Non-monetary Beneﬁts from Protected
Collaboration FS
Tropical Rain Forest Areas in Southeast Asia
（ICHIE)

5

5

1

11

(Natural Sciences) Forest Physiological Ecology, Natural Environmental Policy (Biodiversity/Protected areas), Forest Ecology, Forest Biology, Ecology, Entomology, Conservation Ecology(Humanities) Southeast Asian Area Studies(Social Sciences) Economies, Biocultural Diversity, Environmental Economics, Economic Sociology, Resource Strategy, Geo-restriction Strategy

Initiative-based FS Co-Creating Heuristic and Autonomous Risk-Recognition System（HANDOH)and Value-Action Networking for Futurability

18

3

10

31

(Natural Sciences) Earth Systems Science, Environmental Science, Environmental Impact Assessment, Civil Environmental System, Organic Geochemistry, Water Conservarion, Behavioral Ecology, International Aguricultural and Environmental Science, EcologicalHydrology, Energy Science, Biological Response to Environmental Stresses, Fish Infectious Diseases, Atmospheric Science, Material-cycle Science, Visualization, Microbial Ecology, Analytical Chemistry, Embryo Culture, Biogeochemistry, Physical Oceanography(Humanities) Religion, Environmental Economics, Environmental Thought, Environmental Ethics(Social Sciences) Pollution Hisotry, Regional development, International Law, Environmental Law, Environmental Economics, Education of the Handicapped, Bitcoin, Economics, Human Rights Law, Environmental Welfare

511

164

255

930

Total

As of 31 March, 2016