11
Potential Roles of the Gut-Brain Axis in the Cognitive Evolution of Primates
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brain by several pathways including symbiotic microbiota. Animals forage on prey using their cognitiveand motor skills, and the gastrointestinal tract subsequently engages in nutritional intake together withthe residential microbiota. The maintenance of adequate nutritional conditions enables the learning of
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relationship among the brain, gut, and microbiota, the so-called “brain-gut axis”, formed during theevolution of each species. Using nonhuman primate species as models, we are analyzing the relationships
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conditions of their habitats. By doing so, the historical steps of human civilization can be viewed from new
perspectives involving behavioral acquisition through interaction between the gut and the brain.

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de unas condiciones nutricionales adecuadas permite el aprendizaje de nuevas habilidades y la adquisición
de habilidades cognitivas para una mayor adaptación a diferentes entornos. La relación entre el cerebro,
intestino y la microbiota, el llamado “eje cerebro-intestino”, se formó durante la evolución de cadaespecie. Usando especies de primates no humanos como modelos, analizamos las relaciones entre elcomportamiento de alimentación único y la microbiota intestinal, ambos adaptados a las condiciones
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pueden ver desde nuevas perspectivas que involucran la adquisición del comportamiento a través de lainteracción entre el intestino y el cerebro.

123

The Gut-Brain Axis Regulates Behavior
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Foraging is the Key Behavior at the Interface between the Host and the Environment.

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Role of Intestinal Microbes in Common Marmosets

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