INDEX
Research Activities  Full-Research  Incubation Studies

1
4
86

The Center for Coordination, Promotion and Communication(CCPC)

88

Outreach Program and Events   RIHN International Symposium  RIHN Forum   RIHN Public Seminars  RIHN Area Seminars   RIHN Annual Open Meeting  RIHN Seminars   Lunch Seminars (Danwakai)  Publications  Press Conferences

89
90
91
91
91
92
94
96
96

Individual Achievements

97

Appendices
1. Number and Affiliation of Project Members
2. Research Fields of Project Members
3. Research Project Sites

1
Research Activities

Research Activities●Full-Research
Project No.
Project Name

C-06 (Project leader: KAWABATA Zen’ichiro)
Effects of Environmental Change on the Interactions between Pathogens and Humans

p. 4

Project No.
Project Name

C-07 (Project leader: HIYAMA Tetsuya)
p. 10
Global Warming and the Human-Nature Dimension in Siberia: Social Adaptation to the
Changes of the Terrestrial Ecosystem, with an Emphasis on Water Environments

Project No.
Project Name

C-08 (Project leader: MURAMATSU Shin)
Megacities and the Global Environment

p. 15

Project No.
Project Name

C-09-Init (Project leader: WATANABE Tsugihiro)
Designing Local Frameworks for Integrated Water Resources Management

p. 21

Project No.
Project Name

D-03 (Project leader: OKUMIYA Kiyohito)p. 25
Human Life, Aging and Disease in High-Altitude Environments: Physio-Medical, Ecologicaland Cultural Adaptation in “Highland Civilizations”

Project No.
Project Name

D-04 (Project leader: YAMAMURA Norio)
Collapse and Restoration of Ecosystem Networks with Human Activity

p. 29

Project No.
Project Name

E-04 (Project leader: UMETSU Chieko)
Vulnerability and Resilience of Social-Ecological Systems

p. 36

Project No.
Project Name

H-03 (Project leader: OSADA Toshiki)
Environmental Change and the Indus Civilizationp. 43

Project No.
Project Name

H-04 (Project leader: UCHIYAMA Junzo)
Neolithisation and Modernisation: Landscape History on East Asian Inland Seasp. 51

Project No.
Project Name

R-03 (Project leader: KUBOTA Jumpei)
Historical Interactions between Multi-Cultural Societies and the Natural Environment
in a Semi-Arid Region in Central Eurasia

p. 60

Project No.
Project Name

R-04 (Project leader: MOJI Kazuhiko)Environmental Change and Infectious Disease in Tropical Asia

p. 66

Project No.
Project Name

R-05 (Project leader: NAWATA Hiroshi)
A Study of Human Subsistence Ecosystems in Arab Societies : To Combat Livelihood
Degradation for the Post-oil Era

p. 71

Project No.
Project Name

R-06 (Project leader: KADA Ryohei)
Managing Environmental Risks to Food and Health Security in Asian Watersheds

p. 81

2
RIHN Annual Report 2011

●Pre-Research
Project No.
Project Name

PR (Project leader: TANAKA Ueru)
Desertification and Livelihood in Semi-Arid Afro-Eurasia●Feasibility Studies
Project No.
FS (FS Proposer: ISHIKAWA Satoshi)
Project Name Coastal Area Capability Enhancement in Southeast Asia
Project No.
Project Name

FS (FS Proposer: OKUDA Toshinori)
The Effect of Local Governance on Incentive Programs for Forest Ecosystem Service
Conservation

Project No.
Project Name

FS (FS Proposer: SATO Tetsu)

Project No.
Project Name

FS (FS Proposer: SATO Yo-Ichiro)
Scenario for Environment-conscious “Mature Society” in East Asia

Project No.

FS (FS Proposer: NAGAO Seiya)
Water-and Food-Sheds in the Noto Peninsula: New Scales of Analysis in Global
Environmental Studies

Project Name

Formation of Local Environmental Knowledge Systems for Creation and Sustainable
Governance of New Commons

Project No.
Project Name

FS (FS Proposer: NAKATSUKA Takeshi)
Historical Adaptation to Climate Change in Japan: Integrating Palaeoclimatological
Data and Archaeological Evidence

Project No.
Project Name

FS (FS Proposer: FUKUSHIMA Takehiko)Lakes as Sources and Sinks: Social and Ecological Dynamics Affecting Downstream/
Pollution-Accumulating Lakes

Project No.
Project Name

FS (FS Proposer: MATOH Toru)
Designing Agriculture in the Era of Petroleum Scarcity

Project No.
Project Name

FS (FS Proposer: MURAMATSU Koichi)
The History of Human-Water Interactions in East Asian Livelihood Complexes

Project No.
Project Name

FS (FS Proposer: YOKOYAMA Satoshi)
Survivability and Autonomy in Southeast Asia: Perspectives from Land Use Changes
and Resource Chains

Project No.
Project Name

FS (FS Proposer: WATANABE Hisami)
Environmental Change and Immunological Adaptation in the Mekong River Region

3
Research Activities●Incubation Studies
KUBOTA Jumpei (Research Institute for Humanity and Nature)
Risk management and mitigation strategies for catastrophic disasters
ISHIKAWA Mamoru (Graduate School of Environmental Science, Hokkaido University)
Hierarchical organization of environmental literacy for ecosystem services on permafrost
HABU Junko (University of California, Berkeley)
Reevaluating Advantages of Small-Scale Societies: An Alternative Strategy to Overcome Vulnerabilityin Large-Scale Societies

p. 86

4
RIHN Annual Report 2011

Stage: Full Research
Project No.: C-06
Project Name: Effects of Environmental Change on the Interactions between Pathogens and Humans
Abbreviated Title: Environmental Diseases
Project Leader: KAWABATA, Zen’ichiro
Research Axis: Circulation
URL: http://www.chikyu.ac.jp/z/
Key Words: Freshwater ecosystem, Environmental alterations, Koi herpes virus (KHV) disease, Human life, Interactions,
Model○ Research Subject and Objectives Research Objectives and Topics
Objectives
Infectious disease has become a significant global environmental problem. This study investigates
the emergence and spread of Koi HerpesVirus (KHV) in Lake Biwa, Japan. KHV is a pathogen responsible
for episodic mass mortality of commoncarp (Cyprinus carpio carpio) since the late1990s. The common
carp is the original domesticated aquaculture species, and an important source of protein today .
This study has three main objectives: (1) To describe Koi Herpes Virus disease ecology, including:the specific links between anthropogenic changes to freshwater ecosystems and the emergence and spreadof KHV disease; the impacts of KHV disease on local ecosystem services; the social and culturalattempts to address KHV disease; and the environmental changes associated with human adaptation; (2) To
describe a general model of linkage between environments, pathogens and humans ; (3) To suggest how
interactions between pathogen and humans may be modified in order to mitigate the human andenvironmental damages associated with infectious diseases.
Research Methods and Organization
Fields surveys areconducted at Lake Biwa, Japan, and Lake Erhai, China.Laboratory work isundertaken at RIHN. Our project isorganized into five research groups, plus executive andadvisorygroups, as follows: The Human AlterationsGroup investigates the effects of anthropogenicenvironmental
alteration on the emergence and spread of KHV and thebehavior of its host Cyprinuscarpio carpio.The
Pathogen and HostEcology Group defines the biology and ecology of KHVand carp, and so describes theenvironmental factorsinvolved in KHV infection and transmission.The Ecosystem ImpactsGroup examines theprocess of infection and theeffects of KHV disease on ecosystem functions such as materialcycling. The
Economics and Culture Group investigates the losses associated with KHVdisease, including of ecosystemservices or other economicand cultural phenomena, and describes the socialattempts to redress thoselosses. The Feedback Groupexamines the human response to losses caused by KHVdisease, and theenvironmental change associated withthis response. The Executive Group coordinates theactivities ofeach group and develops the model ofpathogen-human interactions.Finally, an Advisory Group composed
ofrecognized experts in relevant fields makes suggestionsin order to improve the research.
Perception and contribution to global environmental problems
Field surveys are being conducted primarily at Lake Biwa, Japan, where researchers from various
disciplines and fishermen have accumulated much data, and at Lake Erhai, China. China is responsible
for almost the entire global carp production. Lake Erhai is an inland lake in China that has neverexperienced an outbreak of KHV. We will create a model to predict the outbreak and spread ofKHV in Lake
Biwa by accumulating and synthesizing both new and existing data from Lake Biwa. The model will beapplied to Lake Erhai to provide suggestions for how to manage the lake to lessen the probability ofan
outbreak of KHV disease. The practical application of this model to such an important region is
critical to attenuating the global problem of KHV disease. The Lake Biwa model will be modified toapply to other infectious diseases in other areas, to suggest environments that might prevent the5Research Projects

outbreak and spread of infectious disease, and to demonstrate how to facilitate the safe coexistence ofhumans and pathogens.

○ Progress and Results in 2010

2) We established an innnovative method to quantitatively detect KHV in natural environments (Minamoto
et al., 2009;Honjo et al., 2010). The method revealed that since it was first detected in 2003, KHV is
now found throughout the Lake Biwa ecosystem, including in plankton and sediment, lagoons and ponds,
and now in almost all the rivers in Japan. We demonstrated that it is impossible to eliminate KHV, butthat precautionary environmental management can eliminate"fertile" disease environments.
3) We have developed a preliminary break-through method allowing determination of the number andlocation of carp in their natural environments.
4) We found that breeding habitats can became hot spots for transmission of infectious diseases ifhosts aggregate for mating and pathogen activation occurs during the host breeding season (Uchii etal., 2011) .
5) We developed a non-invasive method (i.e. a method that does not require handling fish) to quantify
how water conditions stress carp. Using this method we found that changes in water temperature do
induce stress.
6) We applied a Based on our assessment of KHV disease in Lake Biwa, we applied our conceptual model oflinked environment-pathogen-human interactions to Lake Erhai, China, schistosomiasis in Kenya, fish
diseases in the Ping River at Chaing Mai, Thailand, and Legionella disease (Yamaguchi et al., 2010),
MRSA, Norovirus disease, and nontuberculous mycobacteria disease (Ichijo et al., 2010) in Japan. These
applications helped us understand how pathogens interact with humans and suggested enviromental
conditions that might prevent disease outbreaks and spread as well asstrategies for safe coexistence ofhumans with pathogens.
7) By combining the results from each work group, ranging from molecular biology to envirnmental
sciences to human society, we are providing evidence to support the hypothesis that anthropogenic
encironmental changes promote disease outbreaks.
8) We have presented our findings at national and international conferences of the linkages between theenvironment, pathogens and humans, emphsizing their significance to preventionand control of infectious
disease.

○Project Members◎ KAWABATA,
Zen’ichiro○ ASANO, Kota

( Research Institute for Humanity and Nature,,Professor,Management )( Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto
University,Professor,Model for Economical Effects )○ ABE, Akira( Research Institute for Humanity and Nature,,Research Fellow,Sociology Ethics )○ ITAYAMA, Tomoaki( Research Institute for Humanity and Nature,Research Fellow,Nano-technological
Measurements )○ OHMORI, Koji
( Center for Marine Environmental Studies, Ehime University,Associate
Professor,Environmental Alteration )○ OKUDA, Noboru( Center for Ecological Research, Kyoto University,Associate Professor,Food Web
Analysis )○ NASU, Masao( Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University,,Professor,Genome
Analysis of Pathogens )○ MATSUOKA, Masatomi ( Asahi Fishery Cooperative, Shiga Prefecture,,Secretary,Food Culture )○ MINAMOTO, Toshifumi ( Research Institute for Humanity and Nature,Senior Researcher,,Detection of
KHV )○ YAMANAKA, Hiroki( Dept. Environmental Solution Technology Fac. Science & Technology, Ryukoku
Univ.,Lab Assistant,Fish Habitats )Research Projects

1) We found that gentle gradient lakeshores provide a wide range of thermal conditions, suggesting thatfish can choose tempertures to alleviate stress associated with unfavorable water temperatures, andthus reduce susceptibility to KHV (Yamanaka et al., 2010).

RIHN

Main results to date

6
RIHN Annual Report 2011

○ KAKEHASHI, Masayuki ( Graduate School of Health Science, Hiroshima University,,Professor,Model for
Epidemics )○ KONG, Hainan( Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Professor,Lake Management )○ WU, Deyi
( Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Associate Professor,Lake Management )IBUKI, Naomi( Research Institute for Humanity and Nature,Research Associate,Secretariat )ICHIJO,Tomoaki( Research Institute for Humanity and Nature,Research Fellow,Legionella Disease )UCHII, Kimiko( Laboratoire Microorganismes,Research Fellow,Atibody Titer Measurement )ENDO, Takahiro( University of Tsukuba Graduate School of Life and Environmental
Sciences,Associate Professo )OKUMIYA, Kiyohito( Research Institute for Humanity and Nature,Associate Professor,Human Health )KOHMATSU, Yukihiro ( Research Institute for Humanity and Nature,,Assistant Professor,Stress ofFish )
KONDOH, Michio( Ryukoku University,Lecturer,System Stability Analysis )SAKAI, Yoichiro( Center for Ecological Research, Kyoto University,Graduate Student,Fish
Habitat )SAKAMOTO, Ryota( Research Institute for Humanity and Nature,,Research Fellow,Public Health )SHIBATA, Junya( Ehime University. Global COE Program.,Global COE Researcher,Ecosystem Analysis
Division )SHIRAE, Yusuke( Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University,Graduate
student,Model for Economical Effects )SUZUKI, Arata( Research Institute for Humanity and Nature,Research Fellow,Stress on Fish )TAKAHARA,Teruhiko( Research Institute for Humanity and Nature,Research Fellow,Metabolic
Physiology )TANAKA, Takuya( Center for Ecological Research, Kyoto University,Research Fellow,Environmental
Studies )TANAKA,Nobuyuki( National Institute for Environmental Studies,Research Assistant,Nanotechnological Measurements )TAYASU, Ichiro( Center for Ecological Research, Kyoto University,Associate Professor,Stable
Isotopic Analysis )NAKANO, Takanori( Research Institute for Humanity and Nature,Professor,Stable Isotopic Analysis )NAKANO,Shinich( Center for Ecological Research, Kyoto University,Professor,Food Web Analysis )PARK,Ho-Dong( Faculty of Science, Shinshu University,Professor,Water Pollution )FUMA, Shoichi( National Institute of Radiological Sciences Environmental Radiation Effects
Research Group,Team Reader,Environmental impact assessment/environmental policy )HONJO, Mie( Research Institute for Humanity and Nature,Research Fellow,Detection of KHV )MASAGO, Yoshifumi( Tohoku University Graduate School of Engineering Department of Civil andEnvironmental Engineering,Assistant Professor,Environmental dynamic
analysis ,Environmental impact )MATSUI, Kazuaki( Faculty of Science and Technology, Kinki University ,,AssistantProfessor,Antibody Titer Measurement )MIKI, Takeshi( Institute of Oceanography, National Taiwan University,AssistantProfessor,Mathematical Models of Epidemics )MIURA, Takayuki( Environmental Innovation Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering,
Hokkaido University,Postdoctoral fellow,Civil and Environmental Systems )DIVERSITAS( International Programme of Biodiversity Science Members,Secretariat in France,
11 members of 9countries,Advisory for International Symposium )YACHI, Shigeo( Kyoto University Center for Ecological Research,Associate
Professor,Environmental impact assessment/environmental policy )YASUNAGA, Teruo( Genome Information Research Center , Research Institute for Microbial Diseases,
Osaka University,Professor,Genome Analysis )YONEKURA, Ryuji( Gifu Prefectural Research Institute for Freshwater Fish and Aquatic
Environments,Researcher,Stress on Fish )TELSCHOW,Arndt( Westfalian Wilhelms University,Muenster, Germany,Postdoctoral Research
Fellow,Mathematical Model )Charles Lange( National Museums of Kenya,Senior Researcher )SOTO, Doris( Fishery Department, FAO, UN, Rome, Italy,Senior Fishery Resources
Officer,,Resource Analysis )RAPPORT, David J. ( EcoHealth Consulting,Canada,Director,Eco Health )MAFFI, Luisa( Terralingua (International NGO) Canada,Director,Sociological Analysis )7
Research Projects

KOTLER, Moshe
Niwooti Whangchai
NAIMAN,Robert
MARAKKALE, Manage○ Future Themes
Research objectives in 2011

2) Determine the environmental factors involved in KHV abundance and its infectivity, and in carp
population dencity and its susceptibility.
3) Conduct controlled experiments to reveal the relationship between water temperature, carp stress andsusceptibility to KHV.
4) Assess the economic and cultural impacts of carp die-offs.
5) Apply the conceptual model of environment-pathogen-human linkage to other infectious diseases; KHV
disease in Lake Erhai, China, Schistosomiasis in Kenya, fish deseases in the Ping River at Chaing Mai,
Thailand, and Legionela disease, MRSA, Norovirus desease, and nontuberculous mycobacteria desease inJapan, and then describe the common parameters of KHV disease and other infectious diseases.
6) Continue to explore evidence that anthropogenic environmental changes can mediate disease outbreaks.
7) Synthesis of results of the work groupes in order to develop a set of recommendations desined tominimize the emergence and facilitate the safe coexistence of humans with pathogens.
8) Publish our results in international journals and books in order to disseminate the concepts andpractical measures that can aid the control of "fertile" disease environments.
9) Organize a national and international symposium on environment-pathogen-human linkage to develop a
network for this field of study.

Scheduled Research Activities in 2010
1) Develop a method to quantitatively detect KHV in sediment, organisms and other elements in aquatic
ecosystems.
2) Clarify the distribution of infectious KHV in Lake Biwa.
3) Develop a micro-device to measure the quantity and infectivity of KHV in situ.
4) Determine the environmental factors involved in KHV dynamics and infectivity.
5) Use outdoor experimental tanks to define optimum water temperature for carp.
6) Describe the environmental characteristics of the places where KHV and carp interact, and clarify
the behavior of the KHV-infected carp in order to reveal the locations where infection likely occurs .
7) Conduct controlled experiments to reveal the relationship water temperature and carp stress andsusceptibility to KHV.
8) Demonstrate the ecological effects of carp on species composition in experimental ponds.
9) Evaluate the cultural and nutritional value of carp as a human food.
10) Assess the economic and cultural impacts of carp die-offs.
11) Create a preliminary model of the interactions between environmental change, KHV and humans.
12) Survey the spatial and temporal distribution of water temperature in Lake Erhai in order toestablish the applicability of Lake Biwa findings to Lake Erhai.
13) Describe the common parameters of KHV andother infectious diseases.
14) Promote collaboration with the DIVERSITAS program of international biodiversity science.

Research Projects

1) Refine a method to quantify carp spatially and temporally and innovative method to describe ouraonceptual model of environment-pathogen-human linkages including a deveropment of micro-device capableof in-situ measurment of KHV incidence and infectivity.

RIHN( Medical School, The Hebrew University?Hadassah Jerusalem,
Israel,Professor,Molecular Study on KHV )( Maejo University,Professor,Fisheries Technology and Aquatic Resources )( University of Washington,Professor,Fish Habitat )( University of Sri Jayewardenepura University, Sri Lanka,SeniorLecturer,Eutrophication )8
RIHN Annual Report 201115) Develop a set of recommendations to prevent or minimize the emergence and spread of infectious
diseases.

●Achievements○Books【Chapters/Sections】

・Uchii K, Oct,2011 Use and damage of an alien species in fisheries. Nishikawa U, Miyashita T, (ed.)
Influence - on alien species-biodiversity and human society . Shokabo, Tokyo, Japan. (in Japanese)・Meitei H, Manishankar K, Kakehashi M, Rao ASRS, 2011 Estimating AIDS Related Deaths in India: A BackCalculation Approach. Somayajulu UV, Prakasam CP, Audinarayana N, Vaidyanathan KE (ed.) Health,
Poverty and Human Development Perspectives and Issues. Global Research Publications, New Delhi, pp.
235-244.Chapter 11○Papers【Original Articles】

・Honjo M N, Minamoto T, Kawabata Z, Mar,2012 Reservoirs of Cyprinid herpesvirus 3 (CyHV-3) DNA in
sediments of natural lakes and ponds. Veterinary Microbiology 155(2-4) :183-190. DOI:10.1016/
j.vetmic.2011.09.005.(reviewed).
・Baba T, Inoue N, Yamaguchi N, Nasu M, Feb,2012 Rapid Enumeration of Active Legionella pneumophila inFreshwater Environments by the Microcolony Method Combined with Direct Fluorescent Antibody
Staining. .(reviewed).
・Zhang R, Ichijo T, Hu YY, Zhou HW, Yamaguchi N, Nasu M, Chen GX, Jan,2012 A ten years (2000-2009)
surveillance of resistant Enterobacteriaceae in Zhejiang Province, China. Microbial Ecology in
Health and Disease . DOI:10.3402/mehd.v23i0.11609.(reviewed).
・Zhang R, Ichijo T, Huang YL, Cai JC, Zhou HW, Yamaguchi N, Nasu M, Chen GX, Dec,2011 High Prevalenceof qnr and aac(6’)-Ib-cr Genes in Both Water-Borne Environmental Bacteria and Clinical Isolates of
Citrobacter freundii in China. Microbes and Environments . DOI:10.1264/jsme2.ME11308.(reviewed).
・Takahara T, Yamanaka H, Suzuki A A, Honjo M N, Minamoto T, Yonekura R, Itayama T, Kohmatsu Y, Ito T,
Kawabata Z, Oct,2011 Stress response to daily temperature fluctuation in common carp Cyprinus carpio
L. Hydrobiologia 675(1) :65-73. DOI:10.1007/s10750-011-0796-z.(reviewed).
・Kawabata Z, Minamoto T, Honjo M N, Uchii K, Yamanaka H, Suzuki A A, Kohmatsu Y, Asano K, Itayama T,
Ichijo T, Omori K, Okuda N, Kakehashi M, Nasu M, Matsui K, Matsuoka M, Kong H, Takahara T, Wu D,
Yonekura R, Oct,2011 Environment-KHV-carp-human linkage as a model for environmental diseases.
Ecological Research 26(6) :1-6. DOI:10.1007/s11284-011-0881-9.(reviewed).Special feature.
・Fuma S, Kawaguchi I, Kubota Y, Yoshida S, Kawabata Z, Polikarpov GG, Sep,2011 Effects of chronic γirradiation on the aquatic microbial microcosm: equi-dosimetric comparison with effects of heavy
metals. Journal of Environmental Radioactivity . DOI:10.1016/j.jenvrad.2011.09.005.(reviewed).
・Iwamoto T, Nakajima C, Nishiuchi Y, Kato T, Yoshida S, Nakanishi N, Tamaru A, Tamura Y, Suzuki Y,
Nasu M, Jul,2011 Genetic diversity of Mycobacterium avium subsp. hominissuis strains isolated fromhumans, pigs, and human living environment. Infection, Genetics and Evolution . DOI:10.1016/
j.meegid.2011.06.018.(reviewed).
・Minamoto T, Honjo M N, Yamanaka H, Tanaka N, Itayama T, Kawabata Z, Jun,2011 Detection of cyprinid
herpesvirus-3 DNA in lake plankton. Res. Vet. Sci 90(3) :530-532. DOI:10.1016/j.rvsc.2010.07.006.
(reviewed).

9
Research Projects○Research Presentations【Oral Presentation】

・Minamoto T, Kawabata Z, Ecological analysis of infection: Koi herpes is made into an example. The
forum of the infection by a youngman, Feb 02,2012-Feb 04,2012, Nagasaki, Japan. (in Japanese)・ Abe A, The ethical problem of the infection of an animal. The 30th Japanese Association for
Philosophical and Ethical Researches, Nov 05,2011-Nov 06,2011, Tokyo, Japan. (in Japanese)・ Uchii K, Kawabata Z, The mechanism of propagation by the host of new pathogenic organ carp
herpesvirus. The 27th Japanese Society of Microbial Ecology, Oct 08,2011-Oct 10,2011, Kyoto, Japan.
(in Japanese)【Poster Presentation】

・Ichijo T, Izumi Y, Nakamoto S, Yamaguchi N, Nasu M, Dynamics of nontuberculous mycobacteria in
residential environments determined by culture-independent methods. International Union of
Microbiological Societies 2011 Congress (IUMS2011), Sep 06,2011-Sep 10,2011, Hokkaido, Japan.
・Kato T, Ichijo T, Izumi Y, Nakamoto S, Yamaguchi N, Nasu M, Distribution of culturable Mycobacterium
avium and its subspecies in residences. International Union of Microbiological Societies 2011
Congress (IUMS2011), Sep 06,2011-Aug 10,2011, Hokkaido, Japan.
・Minamoto T, Honjo M N, Kawabata Z, Dynamics of Cyprinid herpesvirus 3 in natural environments inJapan. 4th Congress of European Microbiologists, FEMS 2011, Jun 26,2011-Jun 30,2011, Geneva,
Switzerland.
・Ichijo T, Izumi Y, Nakamoto S, Yamaguchi N, Nasu M, Dynamics of Mycobacterium avium complex inresidential environments determined by culture-independent methods. 32nd Annual Congress of theEuropean Society of Mycobacteriology, Jun 26,2011-Jun 29,2011, Lübeck, Germany.
・Ichijo T, Izumi Y, Nakamoto S, Yamaguchi N, Nasu M, Dynamics of Mycobacteria in Housing Environment
Determined with Culture-independent Approach. 111th General Meeting American Society for
Microbiology, May 21,2011-May 24,2011, New Orleans, USA.
【Invited Lecture / Honoronary Lecture / Panelist】

・Minamoto T, Environmental change and illness of a fish. 10th RIHN inter-regional association seminar- Possibility of preservation of the waterside, and the future of Lake Biwa -, Jan 14,2012, Shiga,
Japan. (in Japanese)
・Minamoto T, and the members of RIHN C-06 project Koi herpesvirus disease as a model of environmental
disease. The 6th RIHN International Symposium, Oct 26,2011-Oct 28,2011, Kyoto, Japan.
・Uchii K, Telschow A, Okuda N, Minamoto T, Yamanaka H, Honjo MN, Matsui K, Kawabata Z, Transmission
dynamics of KHV and its impact on the genetic structure of the host population. International
Symposium on Emergence of Viral Diseases: Evolution and Ecology of Koi Herpes Virus, Jul 04,2011-Jul
05,2011, Munster, Germany.
・ Minamoto T, Honjo M N, Yamanaka H, Uchii K, Kawabata Z, KHV dynamics in natural freshwater
environments. Emergence of Viral Diseases: Ecology and Evolution of Koi Herpes Virus, Jun 04,2011Jun 05,2011, Muenster, Germany.

Research Projects

・Honjo M N, Minamoto T, Kawabata Z, Seasonal and spatial distribution of Cyprinid herpesvirus 1 andCyprinid herpesvirus 2 in Lake Biwa, Japan. The 59th Ecological Society of Japan, Mar 17,2012-Mar
21,2012, Shiga, Japan. (in Japanese)

RIHN

・Takahara T, Doi H, Minamoto T, Kawabata Z, The biomass of fishes is presumed from the fragment of DNA
dissolved all over the lake. The 59th Ecological Society of Japan, Mar 17,2012-Mar 21,2012, Otsu,
Japan. (in Japanese)

10
RIHN Annual Report 2011

Stage: Full Research
Project No.: C-07
Project Name: Global Warming and the Human-Nature Dimension in Siberia : Social Adaptation to the Changes of the
Terrestrial Ecosystem, with an Emphasis on Water Environments
Abbreviated Title: RIHN Siberia Project
Project Leader: HIYAMA,Tetsuya
Research Axis: Circulation
URL: http://www.chikyu.ac.jp/siberia/
Key Words: Global Warming, Water Cycle, Carbon Cycle, Permafrost, Former Inhabitant, Reindeer, Social Adaptation○ Research Subject and Objectives
Global warming will likely transform Siberian environments. Early evidence indicates that the water andcarbon cycles are undergoing rapid change, with potentially grave impact on Siberian flora and fauna.
The Lena River Basin in Eastern Siberia is covered by larch forest but receives little precipitation.
Permafrost provides moisture to the forest. The area is thus an ideal setting in which to study theeffects of climate warming, as the forest-permafrost symbiosis is extremely susceptible to abnormal
variations in temperature. Temperature risings have been recorded in the region in recent years, andchanges in the ecosystem such as forest degradation and frequent flooding are evident. Human
inhabitants, who have adapted to great changes in social structure and environment in the past, will beforced to adapt again, but to a cascading series of environmental changes whose dimensions areunderstood only in outline.
This research project takes natural and social science perspectives on three aspects of climateassociated environmental change in the region. These are 1) to describe current variation in water andcarbon cycles and predict likely variation in the near future, 2) to make field observations of theeffect of carbon and hydrologic variability in Eastern Siberian landscapes, and identify key exchanges
or driving forces, and 3) to examine the capability of the multi-ethnic Siberian peoples, and their
distinct social economies, to adapt to predicted change in their climate and terrestrial ecosystems.
Three research groups are thus organized in order to realize these three goals. The Siberia bird's-eye
group (Group 1) uses climatic and satellite remote sensing data to describe change in climate and inprincipal patterns of human adaptation. The Water cycle and ecosystem interaction group (Group 2) uses
dendrochronology, isotope-analysis, flux monitoring, and hydrological analysis in order to examineinteraction between climate and vegetation. The Human ecology group (Group 3) elucidates the impact ofclimate and ecological change described above on the residential life in urban and agricultural
districts in Eastern Siberia and the cultural practices and social systems of local minority peoples
related to their capacities for adaptation. The project is jointly conducted by Japanese and Russian
universities and research institutes.

○ Progress and Results in 2010
Regional climate predictions in Eastern Siberia are dependent on energy and water cycles, surface
reflectance change from snow, ice and vegetation coverage processes in the region. The understandingsof these processes in the region are still insufficient. There must be a unique water cycle system
which is due to the existence of permafrost. The ecosystem, which is adapting to the cold climate withlittle precipitation, is sensitive to global warming. The minorities and city residents here depend on
agriculture, stockbreeding and on the fragile infrastructure such as traffic, building and drinking
water supply. It can be said that the acquiring of survival skills and the ability to adapt to thechanges of their environment including accidents and disasters strongly depend on their social
structures, history and culture, which have undergone Russian socialistic modernization. This process
has therefore resulted in the construction of a special social system in comparison to other arctic andsubarctic regions.

11
Research Projects[Research topic No.1]
A terrestrial ecosystem model was revised in order to represent heat, water, and carbon fluxes for theapplication to permafrost ecosystems. Especially, freezing - thawing processes of surface permafrost
layer were revised. The model parameters were established based on our two flux tower sites. As theresults, annual maximum thawing depth (annual maximum depth of active layer) correlated with surface
soil moisture inter-annually. The net primary production (NPP) also co-responded with the soil
moisture. Additionally, it was detected that the annual maximum thawing depth showed gradual increase(deepening) in decadal scale.
[Research topic No.2]
We could detect tracking routes of eight wild reindeers using ARGOS satellite system. Based on MODIS
satellite data, it was found that the wild reindeers have moved along rivers and around better
vegetation conditions without forest fires. It was also found that the migration distance of thereindeers was similar to those in North America and North Europe. It was detected from the interview
that the recent climate change has not been severe damages to the keeper of the domestic reindeers.
This might be due to some flexible adaptation systems of the keepers and domestic reindeers themselves
against the environmental change. Additionally, although furbearer hunting in Eastern Siberia is aminor subsistence activity, we carried out interviews for furbearer hunters in order to detect adaptive
strategies against climate change. As the result, it was found that many hunters don't recognize theglobal warming as practical problem. They felt severe impacts from social changes in hunting activity.
[Research topic No.3]
In order to clarify how the previous spring ice-jam floods of the Lena River affect to the villages andtowns, we analyzed newspaper articles published for the past five years. We detected the time and placeof the floods, and made a map to indicate the flooded places. Additionally we clarified movement of theice-jams and flood damage patterns by using satellite remote sensing data. In conjunction with this, wechose the "increase of remoteness and difficulties of access” as an important keyword to think aboutsocial influence by the global warming. We then started a study from the viewpoint of the disasterprevention, adaptation, and vulnerability of such areas. Using this keyword, now we are studying
Siberian local situations, such as decrease of the available period of winter river road, stoppage ofthe traffic by the flood in Eastern Siberia, comparing with the case in 2011 Tohoku earthquake andtsunami.
[Research topic No.4]
On studying adaptation, we unified the understanding in the project by the following method: we decided
that the main objective of our research is to find the way of recognition and action of the local
community (individuals and groups). Its theoretical issue is the mechanism which maintenances/ changes
the structure of culture and society. In addition, we prescribed that it is better to consider a socialchange (particularly market economization) when we study a climate change in the region. Based on paper
reviews, it became clear that the factors to decide ability for adaptation to climate change are

Research Projects

The activities of each group are as follows:

RIHN

Based on these backgrounds, precise field observations in conjunction with the natural - social changes
were carried out in this fiscal year. After getting these observation data, integrated researches using
several satellite remote sensing data were done. Special emphases on the following five points werefocused: 1) to revise surface soil freezing - thawing processes in our ecosystem models in order tobetter represent heat, water, and carbon fluxes in the permafrost ecosystems, 2) to detect tracking
routes of wild reindeers and to find some relationships of the routes with topography and vegetation
condition, 3) to classify spring ice-jam floods into “benefit floods” or “hazard floods”, usingarchived newspaper articles and satellite remote sensing data, 4) to assemble social-cultural
adaptation ways of local minority peoples against environmental and social changes, and 5) to elucidatebackgrounds of folkloristic understanding against environmental changes using their myths, legends, andfairy tales.

12
RIHN Annual Report 2011

"traditional knowledge", "social network", "a fund", and "technology" in case of North America. In caseof Eastern Siberia, additional adaptation ways are found such as “to spend labor earnestly” and “tojust endure lack”. Interestingly, there was a tendency that public network was replaced to personal
networks in case of Siberia.
[Research topic No.5]
In order to clarify the background of folkloristic understanding for the environmental change, westarted to collect and analyze folklore documents (myths, legends, fairy tales, prayers, incantations
and others) written from the 19th century to the early 20th century by the indigenous people. As theresult it became clear that in indigenous Siberian culture, there is an idea of original oneness ofnature and human beings, and that indigenous people might consider a disaster to be "revenge of nature"by such a worldview.

○Project Members◎ HIYAMA Tetsuya○ YAMAGUCHI Yasushi○ SASAI Takahiro□ INOUE Gen
MAKSYUTOV Shamil
SAKAI Tohru
KOBAYASHI Nakako
KIM Heonsook○ YASUNARI Tetsuzo
ALEXANDROV Georigi
KANZAWA Hiroshi
GLAZYRINA Irina○ OHTA Takeshi
OHSHIMA Kazuhiro
KOTANI Ayumi○ SUGIMOTO Atsuko
TEI Shunsuke
KODAMA Yuji
○ YAMAZAKI Takeshi
YONENOBU Hitoshi
HATTA Shigemi
YAMAMOTO Kazukiyo
PARK Hotaek
MAXIMOV Trofim C.

( Research Institute for Humanity and Nature,Associate Professor,Management of
Project, Analysis of permafrost and groundwater )( Nagoya University,Professor,Analysis of the changes in the land cover using
satellite data )( Nagoya University,Assistant Professor,Analysis of carbon exchanges using theterrestrial biosphere model )( Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute, The University of Tokyo,Visiting
Professor,GOSAT data analysis )( National Institute for Environment Studies,Chief Researcher,Carbon budget
estimation from GOSAT and other observation data )( Research Institute for Humanity and Nature,Researcher,Flood monitoring using
satellite remote sensing )( Research Institute for Humanity and Nature,Researcher,Data analysis of GOSAT toevaluate CO2/CH4 emission from wild fire )( National Institute for Environment Studies,Researcher,Inverse model analysis of
GOSAT data )( Nagoya University,Professor,Climatic data analysis )( National Institute for Environment Studies,NIES Fellow,Impact of global
warming )( Nagoya University,Professor,Scenario of global warming in Siberia )( Chita University,Professor,Natural Resources, Ecology and Cryology )( Nagoya University,Professor,Analysis of water energy and carbon cycles inforests, water balance analysis in a basin scale )( Research Institute for Humanity and Nature,Researcher,Climate Analysis in
Siberia )( Nagoya University,Assistant Professor,Analysis of atmospheric boundary layer
and forest responses to environmental changes )( Hokkaido University,Professor,Reconstruction of past changes in environment andvegetation activity )( Hokkaido University,Ph D Candidate,Reconstruction of past changes inenvironment and vegetation activity )( Hokkaido University,Assistant Professor,Analysis of snow accumulation
processes )( Tohoku University,Associate Professor,Analysis of land surface processes using
a land surface model )( Naruto University of Education,Associate Professor,Reconstruction of past tree
grow rate and past climate )( Tomakomai National College of Technology,Associate Professor,Runoff analyses
for continental-scale river basin )( Nagoya University,Associate Professor,Analysis of vegetation phenology using
satellite data )( JAMSTEC,Researcher,Analysis of snow accumulation processes )( Insitute for Biological Problems of Cryolithozone, SD, RAS,Headresearcher,Analysis of photosynthesis in boreal forests )13
Research Projects

In the next fiscal year 2012, it is necessary to analyze vegetation conditions around the migrationroute of wild reindeer precisely using several satellite data. On the contrary, it was detected fromthe interview that the recent climate change has not been severe damages to the keeper of the domestic
reindeers. This might be due to some flexible adaptation systems of the keepers and domestic reindeers
themselves against the climate change. Thus we need to find such local resilient systems based on thefield observations and interviews.
Five collaborative research topics, namely “modeling and revising water / carbon fluxes in thepermafrost ecosystems”, “interaction between reindeers and vegetations”, “spring ice-jam floods andits impacts to the local peoples”, “adaptation and vulnerability of the local peoples”, and“backgrounds of folkloristic understanding against environmental changes” will be investigated in thenext fiscal year continuously. Especially “adaptation and vulnerability of the local peoples” is the

Research Projects○ Future Themes

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KONONOV Alexander V.( Insitute for Biological Problems of Cryolithozone, SD, RAS,Researcher,Analysisof photosynthesis in boreal forests )MAXIMOV Ayal
( Insitute for Biological Problems of Cryolithozone, SD, RAS,Researcher,Analysisof photosynthesis in boreal forests )SHEPELEV Victor( Melnikov Permafrost Institute, SD, RAS,Vice-Director,Dynamics ofsuprapermafrost and intrapermafrost groundwater in permafrost region )FEDOROV Alexander( Melnikov Permafrost Institute, SD, RAS,Head researcher,Landscapes (forest)
disturbance and permafrost dynamics )GOTOVSEV Semen( Melnikov Permafrost Institute, SD, RAS,Head researcher,Thermo-erosional gullies
in permafrost region )KOLESNIKOV Alexander( Melnikov Permafrost Institute, SD, RAS,Researcher,Dynamics of suprapermafrost
and intrapermafrost groundwater in permafrost region )GAGARIN Leonid( Melnikov Permafrost Institute, SD, RAS,Researcher,Dynamics of suprapermafrost
and intrapermafrost groundwater in permafrost region )○ TAKAKURA Hiroki( Tohoku University,Associate Professor,Related analysis of freezing water
environmental use and an occupation in the rural society of the Lena middle
region; Relational analysis of an occupation pattern and environmental change in
East Siberia )○ OKUMURA Makoto( Tohoku University,Professor,Survey and analysis of the history and technologyof transportation in East Siberia )YOSHIDA Atsushi( Chiba University,Professor,Analysis in Relationship between Subsistence System
Patterns and Environmental Changes in West Siberia )NAKADA Atsushi( Hokkaido Museum of Northern Peoples,Curator,Analysis in Relationship between
Subsistence System Patterns and Environmental Changes in Southern Siberia )IKEDA Tohru( Hokkaido University,Professor,Animal resource use and environmental analysis in
Eastern Siberia )○ TATSUZAWA Shiro( Hokkaido University,Assistant Professor,Ecological study of wild/domestic
reindeer in Eastern Siberia )ISHI Atsushi( Tohoku University,Associated professor,Analysis of society and development in
Sakha Republic from the international viewpoint )SASAKI Shiro( National Museum of Ethnology,Professor,Analysis in Relationship between
Subsistence System Patterns and Environmental Changes in Yakutia )EHARA Sayuri( Hokkaido University,Ph.D Candidate,Environmental recognition of Sakha people inEastern Siberia )IGNAT’EVE Vanda B. ( Humanitarian Research Institute, Sakha Republic Science
Academy,Professor,Sociological survey and relational analysis of society anddevelopment in Sakha Republic. )SARDANA Boyakova( Humanitarian Research Institute, Sakha Republic Science
Academy,Professor,History of Infrastructure and Transportation System in East
Siberia )FUJIWARA Junko( Research Institute for Humanity and Nature,Researcher,Cultural anthropology
focusing to shamanism )NAGAYAMA Yukari( Hokkaido University,Assistant Professor,Environmental recognition of native
people in Eastern Siberia )14
RIHN Annual Report 2011

most important topics in this project so that it is necessary to develop adaptation strategy andpolicies to propose to the local government.

●Achievements○Books【Chapters/Sections】

・Nagayama, Y. 2011 Grammatical sketches from the field: Concise grammatical descriptions based on
primary data. Yamakoshi, Y. (ed.) Linguistic Dynamics Science Project Publication Series. , ResearchInstitute for Languages and Cultures of Asia and Africa.
・Park, H., Yamazaki, T. and Ohta, T. 2011 Responses of energy budget and evapotranspiration to climatechange in eastern Siberia. Evapotranspiration. InTech.
○Papers【Original Articles】

・Suzuki, R., Kobayashi, H., Delbart, N., Asanuma, J. and Hiyama, T. Nov,2011 NDVI responses to theforest canopy and floor from spring to summer observed by airborne spectrometer in eastern Siberia.
Remote Sensing of Environment 115 :3615-3624.(reviewed).
・Xue BL, Kumagai T, Iida S, Nakai T, Matsumoto K, Komatsu H, Otsuki K, Ohta T. 2011 Influences ofcanopy structure and physiological traits on flux partitioning between understory and overstory inan eastern Siberian boreal larch forest.. Ecological Modeling (222) :1479-1490.
・Kim, H.-S., Maksyuotv, S., Glagolev, M. V., Machida, T., Patra, P. K., Sudo, K. and Inoue, G. 2011
Evaluation of methane emissions from West Siberian wetlands based on inverse modeling. Environmental
Research Letters 6. DOI:10.1088/1748-9326/6/3/035201..(reviewed).
・Zhang N, Yasunari T, Ohta T. 2011 Dynamics of the larcht taiga - permafrost coupled system in Siberia
under climate change.. Environmental Research Letters 6. DOI:024003.
・Miyahara M. Tanenaka C, Tomioka R, Ohta T. 2011 Root responses of Siberian larch to different soil
water conditions.. Hydrological Research Letters. 5 :93-97.
・Park H, Iijima Y, Yabuki H, Ohta T, Walsh J, Kodama Y, Ohata 2011 The application of a coupledhydrological and biogeochemical model (CHANGE) for modeling of energy, water, and CO2 exchanges overa larch forest in eastern Siberia.. Journal of Geophesical Research. (116). DOI:
10.1029/2010JD015386. 2011.
○Research Presentations【Oral Presentation】

・Oshima, K. and Hiyama, T. Seasonal and interannual variations of the Lena River discharge and thoserelationships with atmospheric water cycle. 1st International Conference on "Global Warming and the
Human-Nature Dimension in Siberia: Social Adaptation to the Changes of the Terrestrial Ecosystem,with an Emphasis on Water Environments", Mar 07,2012-Mar 09,2012, RIHN, Kyoto.
・Hiyama, T., Asai, K., Kolesnikov, A., Gagarin, L. and Shepelev, V. Residence time estimation of
permafrost groundwater at Yakutsk region, eastern Siberia. 1st International Conference on "Global
Warming and the Human-Nature Dimension in Siberia: Social Adaptation to the Changes of the
Terrestrial Ecosystem, with an Emphasis on Water Environments", Mar 07,2012-Mar 09,2012, RIHN,
Kyoto.
・ Sakai, T., Hiyama, T., Fujiwara, J., Gotovtsev, S. and Gagarin, L. Flood disaster caused bypermafrost degradation in the far north of Siberia. 1st International Conference on "Global Warming
and the Human-Nature Dimension in Siberia: Social Adaptation to the Changes of the Terrestrial
Ecosystem, with an Emphasis on Water Environments", Mar 07,2012-Mar 09,2012, RIHN, Kyoto.

15
Research Projects

Stage: Full Research
Project No.: C-08
Abbreviated Title:
Project Leader: MURAMATSU, Shin

RIHN

Project Name: Megacities and the Global Environment

Research Axis: Circulation
Key Words: Megacity, developing country, built environment, natural environment, social environment, city sustainable index,
scenarios○ Research Subject and Objectivesa) Research objectives and background
Cities are basically defined as the places in which peoplecongregate. As human-made phenomena, they
feature human-built-environmentsalongside the natural environment and develop their own unique socioeconomicenvironment distinct from the non-urban environment. While cities have been amajor force inpromoting the progress of human civilization, they have alsoserved as breeding grounds for humandisaster and discontent in the form of environmentaldegradation, epidemics, famine and riots andproblems of the built environment.Faced with such challenges, humans have repeatedly demonstrated theirabilityto overcome adversity through intervention in the urban and non-urban naturalenvironment, thebuilt-environment and socio-economic environment. However, apopulation of seven billion currently lives
in the world, half of which live incities,. Environmental problems and complications are largely
attributable tohuman activities in urban areas, including global warming and decliningbiodiversity on
the earth. (Figure 1)This project will focus on the city, especially on the megacity, as both amajorsite in which human action create environmental problems that in recent yearshave become the centre ofattention of many of international organizations andresearchers.
The objectives of this project are: (1) to reduce environmentalimpacts attributable to megacities which
support huge populations in developingtropical countries that are vulnerable to the effects of global
warming; and (2)to provide methods of intervening in the local environment, which is directlyrelated to
the lives of people in the environment, with a view to enhancing people’sgeneral satisfaction withlife and their surroundings. The focus of thisstudy is Jabodetabek, the metropolitan area of Jakarta,
Indonesia’s capital,which at present has a robust economy and growing population. In the course ofour
study, 1) we will take measurements and engage in observations and analysesthrough a cognitive science
approach from the perspective of different academicfields of study at different levels (micro andmacro) of a megacity, and 2) wewill present a scenario of a megacity by the year 2050 from theperspective ofdesign science. Essentially, we intend to develop methods for making scenariosand to showknowledge we have gained in the course of our research in a formthat may be applicable to studies ofother megacities. In so doing, we hope tolink this single study of megacities to global cities, thevarious problemsthat plague cities in general, and the global environment in order to resolve
theproblems.
We have considered the following outcomes: (1) to present a 2050megacity scenario; (2) to hold a
Megacity Scenario 2050 workshop; (3) to providea framework and an Urban Information Database that canbe publicly accessible;(4) to publish one volume in English; and (5) to publish a series of abouteight
volumes under the title of Megacities and Earth’s Environment(provisional title). We also present
research findings atinternational conferences, develop awebsite presenting results of theproject andcontinue to develop international researchers working in this field.
b) Research methods and organization
1) The study is divided into two broadareas: clarification of mechanisms (cognitive science) andcreation of an urbansphere model (design science). (Figure 2)
Cognitive science-1: Through measurements and observations of megacities from differentperspectives(micro and macro), the study will quantitatively and qualitativelydetermine conditions of the builtenvironment (building structures, area, typesand styles of dwellings including quality of materials),Research Projects

URL:

16
RIHN Annual Report 2011

the naturalenvironment (heat environment, biodiversity, flood risk), and the socialenvironment (values,
lifestyle) and will conduct historical analyses ofrestrictive aspects to elucidate the mechanisms of
megacities. Then, we canunderstand how they negatively affect the global environment, thelocalenvironment, and people’s values.
Cognitive science-2:Observing the way in which people adjust themselves to the changingbuilt-, naturaland social environments, we will develop methods of making aproposal of an “urban sphere model with
future potential.”
Design Science-1: We will comprehensively consider all existing intervention methodsin megacities onboth a micro and macro scale, and we will actually holdworkshops on these methods. In the workshops, we
can clarify and assess methodsof intervention and adaptation.
Design Science -2: We intend to hold a Megacity Scenario 2050 workshop to present theMegacity Scenario
2050 and determine how we should present it to the public andhow we can receive feedback regarding it.
In the workshop, we will analyzevarious processes and present results including an evaluation.
2) Research framework: We have streamlinedthe work groups into five according to the research framework
as follows: (1)the Supervisory Group which oversees the project as a whole, (2) the MegacityHistory
Group which researches the history of megacities and Jabodetabek, (3)the Lifestyle Group which
undertakes measurements, observations, and analysesof people’s values and lifestyles, (4) the
Environment Group which undertakesmeasurements, observations, and analyses of the natural environment
and thebuilt-environment, and (5) the Urban Policy Group which implements design scienceincluding theformulation and verification of the Megacity Scenario 2050. (Figure 3)○ Progress and Results in 2010
Below we describe outcomes achieved to dateduring the current fiscal year according to the following
four categories.
1. Results concerningmethodology(1)
Toanalyze megacities in high resolution, we have developed a framework defining“landenvironment types” based on the built-environment and various indicatorsfor categorizing these(density of dwellings, ground coverage, height andplanning). On the basis of these indicators, we
proposed four types forJabodetabek: farming village areas, urban settlement areas (Kampung), highriseresidential areas and planned residential areas which are the subject onongoing reseach. (Figure 4)(2)
Using themethodology above, we examined the possibility of applying this framework toothermegacities.
2. Results concerningcognitive science(1)
In two areatypes under investigation, farming village areas (low density, interspersedwith
rice fields, low height, unplanned; Tangerang) and urban settlement areas(high density, building
structures, low height, unplanned; Cikini), we havecollected local environment measurements (heatsurveys, biodiversity surveys,measurement surveys of distance between dwellings) and conducted surveys
onlifestyle and environmental awareness (survey on dietary habits, questionnairesurvey on awareness andvalues, survey on daily activities).
(2)
Based onresults of the above, we have made calculations relevant figures on thefollowing 12
indicators in the three categories below and showed a cobweb chartto make comparison between the
research areas.
1) Global environmental impact:the three carbon footprint indicators that can be traced back to threesources:dwellings, food and transportation2)
Local environment conditions:five indicators relating to the heat environment, biodiversity,caloriesconsumed, the area of dwellings, and income
3)
Awareness or level ofsatisfaction:
dwellings,foods, and the community .

fourindicators

relating

tothenaturalenvironment,(3)
Macro studyof Jabodetabek: We conducted assessments of the Ciliwung-Cisadane Riverbasinregarding flood risk. We also conducted a questionnaire survey on values inJabodetabek as a whole(about 1500 subjects). We collected and organized dataon urban information infrastructure development.
In addition, we organizedpopulation data (1680-1789) and made historical ground coverage maps.
3. Results concerningdesign science17
Research Projects(2)
In ourdevelopment of new local technology to strengthen fragile buildings, weconducted ademonstration experiment on the construction of a dwellingutilizing bamboo reinforced concrete(batako).

○Project Members◎ Muramatsu, Shin
( Research Institute for Humanity and Nature )Arai, Kenichiro( Faculty of International Social Studies, Maebashi Kyoai Gakuen College )Araki, Tetsuya( Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo )Arata, Mariko( National Museum of Ethnology )Bao, Muping( Institute of Industrial Science, the University of Tokyo )Christodoulou, Aris ( EPFL(Ecole polytechnique federale de Lausanne), Management of Network
Industries )Chen, Laixing( Graduate School of Economics, University of Hyogo )Endo, Takahiro( Research Institute for Humanity and Nature )Evawani, Elisa( Faculty of Engineering, University of Indonesia )○ Fukami, Naoko( Institute of Oriental Culture, the University of Tokyo )Harashina, Koji
( Iwate University )○ Hayashi, Kengo( Research Institute for Humanity and Nature )Hayashi, Reiko( Ministry of Health and Prevention, Republic of Senegal )Hirosue, Masashi( Faculty of Letters, Rikkyo University )Hori, Mina
( Faculty of Humanities and Economy, Kochi University )Ichinose, Tomohiro ( Faculty of Environment and Information Studies, Keio University )Ishikawa, Satoshi( Department of fisheries, Tokai University )Itakawa, Satoru( Graduate School of Media and Governance, Keio University )Ito, Kaori( Department of Architecture, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo Universityof Science )Iwai, Shigeki( Institute for Research in Humanities, Kyoto University )Iwasaki, Maki
( Graduate School of Humanity and Social Science, University of Tsukuba )Iwafune, Yumiko( Institute of Industrial Science, the University of Tokyo )Izumikawa, Hiroshi ( Graduate School of Letters, Hiroshima University )○ Kagotani, Naoto( Institute of Research in Humanities, Kyoto University )○ Kato, Hironori( Institute for Research in Kyoto University )Kato, Tsuyoshi( Research Institute for Humanity and Nature )Kamiyama, Ryutaro( Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Science, the University of Tokyo )Kimura, Takeshi( Graduate School of Humanities and Social Sciences, the University of Tsukuba )Kitagaki Ryoma( Graduate School of Engineering, the University of Tokyo )Kurihara, Shinji( College of Bioresource Sciences, Nihon University )Meutia, A. Ami.
( Research Institute for Humanity and Nature )Mori, Koichiro( Institute of Industrial Science, the University of Tokyo )Matsuda, Hiroko( Research Institute for Humanity and Nature )Mimura, Yutaka( Research Institute for Humanity and Nature )○ Muramakami, Akinobu ( Graduate School of Systems and Information Engineering, University of Tsukuba )Nao, Nobuhide( Graduate School of Engineering, the University of Tokyo )Research Projects

4. Organizationalimprovement
Outcomes due to improvement in theorganizational framework: The holding of monthly meetings with core
memberscontributed to unifying their interests in the project and consolidating datathat had been
decentralized. The thoughtful advice and abundant suggestionsfrom Professor Terry McGee (British
Columbia University from Canada), whojoined the project at our invitation, and Visiting Professor
Tsuyoshi Kato alsoenlivened the project.

RIHN

(1)
In the urbansettlement area of Cikini, we held a joint student workshop with students
andfaculty from the University of Indonesia and Japanese university students. Studentspresented designintervention regarding how intervention should take place at amicro level and exchanged views withresidents of the local community. Wepublished a booklet on the results of this workshop in both English
andIndonesian and distributed it.

18
RIHN Annual Report 2011

○ Okabe, Akiko
Ota, Hiroshi
Shima, Norihisa
Shimada, Ryuto
Shiroyama, Tomoko
Takeda, Ryotaro
Takeuchi, Wataru○ Tanigawa, Ryuichi
Taniguchi, Makoto
Torigoe, Keiko
Uchiyama, Yuta
Uemura, Yasuo
Widodo, Johaness
Yagita, Yoshie
Yamada, Kyota
Yamasaki, Seiko
Yamashita, Tsuguta○ Yamashita, Yuko
Yoshida, Koushi
Yoshizawa, Yoko
Zenno, Yasushi( Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University )( Institute of Industrial Science, the University of Tokyo )( Department of Civil Engineering, School of Engineering, the University ofTokyo )( Seinan Gakuin University )( Department of Economics, Hitotsubashi University )( Graduate School of Engineering, the University of Tokyo )( Institute of Industrial Science, the University of Tokyo )( Institute of Industrial Science, the University of Tokyo )( Research Institute for Humanity and Nature )( School of Cultural & Creative Studies, Aoyama Gakuin University )( Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University )( Faculty of Letters, Hiroshima University )( School of Design and Environment, National University of Singapore )( Institute of Industrial Science, the University of Tokyo )( Graduate School of Asian and African Area Studies, Kyoto University )( Dentsu Communication Institute )( Graduate School of Letters, Kyoto University )( Graduate School of Commerce and Management, Hitotsubashi University )( College of Agriculture, Ibaraki University )( Dentsu Communication Institute Inc. )( Aoyama Gakuin Women's Junior College )○ Future Themes
Research Plan
FR3 (2012)
1. Research concerning cognitive science:
1)
Investigate the remaining two “landenvironment types”: high-rise residential areas (highdensity, built-up areas,high-rise buildings, planned) and planned residential areas (low density,builtup areas, low-rise buildings, planned)2)Undertake a supplementary studyof the two “land environment types” studied prior to FR3:
farming village areasand urban settlement areas.
3)

Examine logic that will linkthe micro and macro aspects of megacities.

4)
Engage in methodologicalresearch of methods for integrating data obtained through cognitive
science andthe importance therein. Further analyze data by considering the complementaryrelationshipamong indicators and the trade-off.
5)

Obtain data concerningmegacities other than Jabodetabek, and conduct comparison study.

2. Research concerning design science
1)
Following on from workshops inurban settlement areas in fiscal 2011, hold workshops with a small
number ofpeople to study ways of linking the results obtained in cognitive science withan appropriate
scenario.
2)

Proceed with research on designproposals for dense residential areas.

3)

Undertake surveys and engage inresearch for the presentation of the Megacity Scenario 2050

3. Other
1)
Engage in discussion concerningthe publication of the project research, one of the final
outcomes of theproject, taking into consideration matters such as its purport, content andauthors,among others.
2)

Examine the framework andcontent of the Urban Information Database

FR4 (2013)
1. Research concerning cognitive science19
Research Projects

1)
Consider the possibility ofstudying other types of categorized areas in addition to the existing
four andengage in research of these.
Conduct supplementary surveysof the four types of areas.

3)

In addition to the above,continue FR3.

2. Research concerning design science
1)

Undertake surveys and engage inresearch to present a Megacity Scenario 2050.

3. Other2)

Examine the framework andcontent of the Urban Information Database●Achievements○Books【Authored/Co-authored】

・AMI, M. 2011 La Tahzan for Student. Lingkar Pena Publishing House, Jakarta (Other)・FUKAMI, N. 2011 World history in Islamic Architecture. Iwanami Shoten (in Japanese)【Chapters/Sections】

・TANIGAWA, R. 2011 The History of Modern Architecture and City in East Asia. Iwanami modern andcontemporary history of East Asia series Separate volume. Iwanami-shoten, pp.177-202.
・ KURIHARA, S. 2011 Theoretical Study on the Fieldworker’s eyes (2-1), The Positions of theFieldworker (chapter 4), The Methods of Drawing Maps (Technical part 3), and Introduction of
Literature (6 books). Architectural Institute of Japan (ed.) Let’s go to Fields! –Fieldwork on
dwellings and life. Fukyosha.
・TANIGAWA, R. 2011 The History of Modern Architecture and City in East Asia. Iwanami modern andcontemporary history of East Asia series Separate volume. Iwanami-shoten, pp.177-202.
・KIMURA, T. 2011 Mythical Difference and Social Oppression. SHINODA, C. (ed.) Mythes, Symboles etImages. Librarie Rakuro, pp.157-171.
○Editing【Editing / Co-editing】

・MURAMATSU, S. (ed.) 2011 SEEDer: Measuring City, No. 5. Syowado,
・OKABE, A., UI, etc. (ed.) 2011 Sensible High DenCity: Megacity Design Studio Indonesia-Japan 2011.. ,○Papers【Original Articles】

・TANIGAWA, R. 2011 Colonial Structures Veiled in Publicity -Lighthouses, Bridges, and Dams Built by
the Japanese Empire in Colonial Korea-,. Our Living Heritage: Industrial Buildings and Sites ofAsia, mAAN Seoul 2011 8th International Conference :77-87.
・AMI, A., MURAKAMI, A., and MURAMATSU, S. 2011 Development of Green Space as Public Space in Jakarta
Metropolitan Area-Past, Present and Future-. World Delta Summit 2011 Abstract Book :161.
・FUKAMI, N. 2011 Medieval Mosques of Port Cities in Gujarat – Stylistic Analysis. Japan Society forHellenistic-Islam Archaeological Studies 18 :186-206.
・FUKAMI, N. 2011 Medieval Islamic Architecture in Port Cities of Kathiawar, Gujarat. Bulletin of theSociety for Western and Southern Asiatic Studies, Kyoto University :11-43.

Research Projects

1)
Engage in discussion concerningthe publication of the project research, one of the final
outcomes of the project,taking into consideration matters such as its purport, content andauthors,among others.

RIHN

2)

20
RIHN Annual Report 2011

・ GUSEVA, A. 2011 Challenges for Infrastructural Provision in Post-socialist Moscow’s Mega-urban
Region: Housing and Communal Services. The Network Industries Quarterly 13(4) :3-6.
・ GUSEVA, A. 2011 K voprosu istorii formirovaniya dachnyh posyolkov vokrug Moskvy v XX veke [Ahistorical study on formation of second home settlements in Moscow’s suburbs in the TwentiethCentury]. JSSEES (The Japanese Society for Slavic and East European Studies) 31 :93-119. (inRussian)
・UCHIYAMA, Y. and OKABE, A. 2011 Study on Categorization of Mega-cities by Their Characteristics ofDistribution of Population - Categorization of 35 Mega-cities -. Journal of the City Planning
Institute of Japan 46(3) :883-888.
・KIMURA, T. 2011 Yamaguchi Daigaku Tetsugaku Kenkyu. (18). (in Japanese)
・HIROSUE, M. 2011 Symposium Ⅰ Port States in Southeast Asia. Tōhōgaku Kaihō, 100 :11-13.
・MORI, K. 2011 How are infrastructures related to urban sustainability? . Energy, transportation,water and health. Network Industries Quarterly 13(4) :19-22.
・YAMADA, K 2011 Consideration on Unfolding of South Indian Merchant Activities and Formation of Port
City Colombo: A Sketch of Organization and Transformation of Urban Space since the 18th Century. The
Japanese Association for South Asian Studies, Proceedings for the 24th National Meeting :17-18.
○Research Presentations【Oral Presentation】

・YAMADA, K. Urban Micro Activities as Driving Forces of Transformation of Colombo City and Indian
Ocean: Urban Networks since the 17th Century. JSPS Asia and Africa Science Platform Program Islamand Multiculturalism: Between Norms and Forms Seminar, November 2011, Tokyo, Japan.
・GUSEVA, A. Is the Muscovite lifestyle a luxury?. Open House, Research Institute for Humanity andNature, Aug 05,2011, .
・GUSEVA, A. Second-home Settlements of the Moscow City Dwellers and its Role for the Post-Soviet
Urbanization of the Region.. 180th Danwakai seminar, Research Institute for Humanity and Nature,
Kyoto, Jul 19,2011, .
・ARATA, M. Food Culture and Business ― Eating Habits, Religions and Recognition influencing Food
Choice.. Foodex Japan, Jul 08,2011, .
・MURAMATSU, S. Expressions of the Water Memories. the 10th RIHN Forums-Reflections on the Water AroundUs., Jul 03,2011, Kyoto International Conference Hall. (in Japanese)
・MEUTIA, A. Indonesia Water and Folk Knowledge. the 10th RIHN Forums-Reflections on the Water Around
Us, Jul 03,2011, Kyoto International Conference Hall,.
・ HAYASHI, K. Discovering urban heritages in Kyoto-Wisdom for living better on the earth. Press
colloquium., Jul 01,2011, Heartpia Kyoto,.
・ ARATA, M. JOJOBA: Happy Singletons ―Altered food habit and gender norm among career women in
Jakarta.. the 85th Conference of Japan Society for South-East Asian Studies, Jun 11,2011, .
・HAYASHI, K. Establishing the concept of "Urban Services" for Global Environmental Studies: Towards
synthesis of Ecosystem Services and Urban Services. the Asian Conference on Sustainability, Energy
and the Environment 2011, Jun 02,2011-Jun 05,2011, Osaka, Japan.
【Poster Presentation】

・AMI, A., MURAKAMI, A., and MURAMATSU, S. Development of Green Space as Public Space in Jakarta
Metropolitan Area-Past, Present and Future-. World Delta Summit 2011, 2011, Jakarta.

21
Research Projects

Stage: Full Research
Project No.: C-09-Init
Abbreviated Title:
Project Leader: WATANABE Tsugihiro

RIHN

Project Name: Designing Local Frameworks for Integrated Water Resources Management

Research Axis:
Key Words:○ Research Subject and Objectives
World water and food resources are under pressure. Population growth and development will increase
aggregate demand for freshwater just as climate change is predicted to affect the historical spatial
and temporal patterns of water availability. Since hydrologic cycles and agricultural systems are so
closely linked, human societies must plan for change in both in relation to increasing demand andpredicted increases in water-related disasters such as flood and drought.
This project conducts extensive historical and contemporary evaluation of several local-scale
agricultural water management regimes, seeking principles that promote, or blockages that hinder,
efficient water-use. Combining best quantitative measures of water flow, use, and quality, and insightsfrom irrigation engineering, historical description and institutional analysis, it evaluates anddescribes scenarios for culturally relevant and institutionally and economically feasible re-design oflocal water management regimes in several case-study sites. It seeks to improve the adaptability of theintegrated water resources management (IWRM) framework to local cultural and economic contexts. The
project then turns to fundamental re-design of local land- and water management systems in relation to
the combined social, economic and environmental challenges of the future.
Many of global environmental problems are water-related and caused by inappropriate water management oflocal level. The integrated water resources management (IWRM) is proposed world widely to improve thesituation. To date, however, IWRM has not achieved its potential. Local water management, or districtlevel management, is a key component of IWRM, and its basic policy and framework are to be re-designedin the context of contemporary global environmental changes. This project research, based on several
completed and ongoing projects of RIHN, entails interdisciplinary investigation of the merits anddemerits in conventional regimes of local/distinct water management, especially related to irrigation,
in several environmental contexts. Main research foci are agricultural productivity, water balance andenvironment, management institutions and organizations, and human behavior and consciousness. Field andmodeling studies are integrated to develop an advanced description of the knowledge systems affecting
water management; it will allow comprehensive analysis of the key elements in improved management ofbasin water resources and in human-water-land relationships more generally.

○ Progress and Results in 2010
Case studies are designed to illuminate water- and food related challenges in specific environmental
and social contexts. To date, project objectives and research activities have been appreciated bynational and international researchers and institutes, governments, and local user associations as
highly significant and worthy of their participation. The project has exchanged Memoranda ofUnderstanding with six universities and research institutes in Turkey, Indonesia and Egypt, conductedcollaborative works with FAO and IWMI, and anticipates collaboration with the Water-Culture Institute(USA) and Turkish Water Institute.
In Southeastern Turkey, a large scale irrigation development project is underway. Farmers in newly
irrigated areas often practice inappropriate water management that results in land degradation. Project
research examines the sources and processes of the problems, including structure and function of theinstitutions and organizations related to irrigation development. In Bali, there is a famous local
water management system ‘subak’, which has been elaborated historically, but is now challenged bycontemporary issues related to expansion of cash crop production and agro-tourism.
On the other hand, in South Sulawesi, Indonesia, modern irrigation has been developed in order toprovide irrigation in the dry season. Based on observation of actual water and crop conditions in thisResearch Projects

URL: http://www.chikyu.ac.jp/P-C09/

22
RIHN Annual Report 2011

area, project research establishes the necessity of modifying this management system in order toprovide supplementary irrigation in the wet season. Project research also examines the processes of
farmer participation organized by newly established NGOs, In Egypt, the long history of irrigation andcooperation in water use is to be reproduced with paleo-climate data, hydrological modeling, andhistorical proxies and references. Based on this historical review, current projects for participatory
irrigation management are reviewed.
In the Echi-River Basin of Shiga, Japan, reformation and empowerment of local water management is anurgent issue caused by changes of farming system and the complicated system of water-use developed in
the last decades. Here, research describes the impacts of management on water quality of Lake Biwa
downstream○Project Members◎ Tsugihiro WATANABE
Taikan OKI○ Masakazu MIZUTANI○ Kaoru TAKARA○ Ulara TAMURA○ Takanori NAGANO○ Haruya KAGAMI○ Masanori NAITO
Minako YAMANLARMIZUNO○ Izumi TAKAMIYA
Kazuko OGUNI
Kimihito NAKAMURA
Akihiko KOTERA
Hisaaki KATO
○ Ken'ichi NAKAGAMI
Hironori HAMASAKI
Takao NAKAGIRI○ Michio AKIYAMA
Shigeo YACHI
Takuya TANAKA
Tamaki KASHIO
Naoko HIRAYAMA
Hiroki OUE
Ieko KAKUTA
Chie IMAGAWA
Satoko WATANABE
Naota HANASAKI
Yuki SHIBATA
Akiko MINAGAWA
Nana ONO
Chnsnul ARIF
Sartika LABAN
Pngping LUO○ Erhan AKCA
○ Mehmet. A. ?ULLU
Mehmet Emin BAYSAL
H?seyin DEMIR
Selim KAPUR
R?za KANBER○ Suha BERBEROGLU( Research Institute for Humanity and Nature,Professor )( Tokyo University,Professor )( Utsunomiya University,Professor )( Disaster Prevention Research Institute Kyoto University,Professor )( National Museum of Ethnology )( Kobe University,Associate Professor )( Kanazawa University,Professor )( Doshisya University,Professor )( Ryukoku University,Professor )( Kinki University,Professor )( Nihon Fukushi University,Associate Professor )( Kyoto University,Associate Professor )( Kobe University )( Research Institute for Humanity and Nature,Project Research Associates )( Ritsumeikan University,Professor )( Research Institute for Humanity and Nature,Research Fellow )( Osaka Prefecture University,Associate Professor )( Shiga Prefecture University,Professor )( Kyoto University,Associate Professor )( Kyoto University )( Lake Biwa Museum )( Kanazawa University,Assistant professor )( Ehime University,Professor )( Asia University,Professor )( Research Institute for Humanity and Nature,Research Fellow )( Research Institute for Humanity and Nature,Research Fellow )( National Institute for Environmental Studies )( Shiga Prefecture University,Assistant Professeor )( Shiga Prefecture University,Assistant Professeor )( Shiga Prefecture University,Assistant Professeor )( Tokyo University )( Ehime University )( Disaster Prevention Research Institute Kyoto University,Visiting Fellow )( Adiyaman University, Turkey,Associate Professor )( Haran University, Turkey,Professor )( (General Directorate of) State Hydraulic Works,Turkey,Head of a department )( GAP Regional evelopment Administration, Turkey,Senior Engineer )( ?ukurova University, Turkey,Professor )( ?ukurova University, Turkey,Professor )( ?ukurova University, Turkey,Professor )23
Research Projects

The system of local water management in each location is to be examined according to the following
three main themes: 1) environment, including soil and water-use, and hydrology; 2) socio-economy,
including institutions, land holding system, agriculture and local industry, and development
organizations; and 3) culture, including environmental consciousness, tradition and customs, andbehavior. A dedicated sub-team will investigate each theme at each study site. Sub-teams are to share,
integrate, communicate their findings, and propose improved scheme of local water management from
community and district level up to region or basin. Cross-site integration is overseen by a central
coordination group composed of researchers from each of the study sites as well as representatives of
relevant international agencies. Such proposed modifications in local water management and basinhydrological models will establish the significance of, and necessity of improving, local water
management within the global hydrological regime.
This research project will therefore contribute to the design of place-specific water policies andpractices and to the concepts, models and theories that describe the multi-scale and linked nature ofhuman-ecological systems. The models or method to be developed in the project can simulate and evaluate
the impacts and implication of water management practices on agricultural production and hydrologicalconditions both qualitatively and quantitatively. They also can provide stakeholders with basic
requirements of better management and guide selection of options available to improve their systems.
Expected outcomes, including the fundamental frame of cooperative water management, are to bedisseminated to local communities, decision makers, and international aid organizations, so that they
can be widely examined, debated, and applied to the significant water-agriculture problems andpressures faced in different areas in the word.

●Achievements○Books【Chapters/Sections】

・Tsugihiro Watanabe Mar,2012 Integrated Approach to Climate Change Impact Assessment on Agricultural
Production Systems. V. Anbumozhi et al. (ed.) Climate Change in Asia and the Pacific. AsianDevelopment Bank Institute and SAGE Publication, Tokyo, pp.138-155.
・ Tsugihiro Watanabe Sep,2011 Agriculture and Hydrological System. Shimizu, H. et. al, (ed.)
Environmental Science of Water. University of Nagoya Press, pp.155-169. (in Japanese)○Papers【Original Articles】

・Tsugihiro Watanabe and Shin Hirose Sep,2011 Engineering in Wisdom on Land and Water. Journal of
JSIDRE 79(9) :7-10. (in Japanese)

Research Projects○ Future Themes

RIHN

Sedrettin( Republic Of Turkey Ministry Of Development Southeastern Anatolia Project
KARAHOCAGIL
Regional Development Administration, Turkey,Administrator )○ Budi I.SETIAWAN( Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia,Professor )Shaden A.GAWAD( Shaden A.GAWAD,Director )○ Agnes RAMPISELA( Hasanuddin University, Indonesia,Instructor )I. Gde PITANA( Udayana University, Indonesia,Professor )I Wayan BUDIASA( Udayana University, Indonesia,Instructor )Satyanto K. SAPTOMO ( Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia,Instructor )Made SUDARTHA( Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia,Research Associate )Mohamad Yanuar( Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia,Instructor )Jarwadi PURWANTO

24
RIHN Annual Report 2011

○Research Presentations【Oral Presentation】

・Tsugihiro Watanabe Designing local frameworks for integrated water resources management. Workshop on
collaborative research on themes relating to the humanities and the environment, Mar 22,2012-Mar
23,2012, University of East Anglia, Norwich, United Kingdom.
・Tsugihiro Watanabe Designing Framework of Local Water Management under the Context of Integrated
Water Resources Management. 6th World Water Forum, Mar 12,2012-Mar 17,2012, Marseille, France.
・Hironori HAMASAKI, Ken'ichi NAKAGAMI New Paradigm'of Integrated Water Resources Management. The 6th
World Water Forum, Mar 12,2012-Mar 17,2012, Marseille, France.
・ Ulara TAMURA Introduction:Designing Framework of Local Water Management under the Context ofIntegrated Water Resources Management. the 6th World Water Forum, Mar 12,2012-Mar 17,2012,
Marseille, France.
・Hisaaki Kato Rethinking of IWRM, from the Viewpoint of Management and Organization Theory. Workshopof the Research Project on "Wisdom of Land and Water Management", Nov 12,2011-Nov 15,2011, Kyoro,
RIHN.
・Tsugihiro Watanabe Designing Local Framework of integrated Water Resources Management. International
Symposium on “Long Term Vision for the Sustainable Water & Land Use, Linking Global Vision & Local
Wisdom”, Sep 20,2011-Sep 23,2011, Adiyaman, Turkey.
・Ulara TAMURA Weaving Rural Lifeworld and Global Science; For the Better Use of Water as the Commons
among the Locals. International Symposium of "Long Term Vision for the Sustainable Water & Land Use,Sep 20,2011-Sep 23,2011, Adiyaman, Turkey.
・Hisaaki Kato "Convivial Organization" for Renewal of Integrated Water Resources Management Framework:
Focusing up on Collaborate Activities for Water Resources Management in the context of Modern
Organizational Theory "Cooperative System” Revisited. International Symposium Long Term Vision For
The Sustainable Water & Land Use, Sep 20,2011-Sep 23,2011, Turkey, Adiyaman University.
【Poster Presentation】

・ Designing Local Frameworks for Interfrated Water Resources Management. the 6th World Water Forum,
Mar 12,2012-Mar 17,2012, Marseille, France.
・ Water Projects. The 6th World Water Forum , Mar 12,2012-Mar 17,2012, Marseille, France.

25
Research Projects

Stage: Full Research
Project No.: D-03

Abbreviated Title:
Project Leader: OKUMIYA, Kiyohito
URL:
Key Words:○ Research Subject and Objectives
Research Objectives:
We intend to explore new perspectives regarding how people live in high-altitude environments where
oxygen levels are low and natural resources are limited. We focus on aging problems and lifestylerelated diseases because we regard these as manifestations of global environmental issues in the humanbody. We aim to clarify “highland civilization”, as defined by ecological and cultural adaptations tohigh-altitude environments, physiological adaptations, and how recent changes in lifestyle haveaffected quality of life (QOL) amongst the elderly. We also propose a model of human-natureinteractions in “highland civilization.”
Background:In humans, acute lack of oxygen causes irreversible brain damage within five minutes. In highlandareas, humans have adapted to the physiological, ecological and cultural challenges of high altitudeenvironments, which include low oxygen levels and scarce food sources, over many generations(Aldenderfer 2003) (Baker 1978) (Beall 2006) (Rivera 2007). “Highland civilization” embodies both
ecological and cultural adaptations and it has been reported that elderly highlanders have a highsubjective QOL (Yamamoto 2008) (Matsubayashi 2009). In recent decades, modern lifestyle changes have
impacted highland life. Whilst highland life has become more convenient with increased food supplies,
it is estimated that lifestyle-related diseases such as myocardial infarction or diabetes will increase
as a result. Any increase in cardio-respiratory disease may have greater impact in a low oxygen
environment. In this project, we will study the influence of these lifestyle changes over several
decades on QOL among elderly highlanders.
Significance for“Global Environmental Issues”:

Environmental changes associated with human activities are actualized on a global scale. Improvements
in diet and medicine have increased the average life span, and with this, an increase in age-relateddiseases including lifestyle-related diseases. Lifestyle-related diseases are age-related diseases
influenced by lifestyle, such as eating habits, activity level, sleep patterns, smoking and alcohol
consumption. Reconsidering lifestyles that encourage lifestyle-related diseases may be incidentallycoupled with rethinking lifestyles that impact the environment, such as activities that may contributeto pollution and global warming.
This research explores a fundamental message regarding global environmental problems based on aspectsof lifestyle-related diseases and QOL in the elderly. Our project is compatible with RIHN’s mission to
integrate the humanities and science by investigating QOL, lifestyle and environments within various
disciplines, including geography, agriculture, anthropology, meteorology, ecology, economics andmedicine. The Himalaya-Tibet area is the strategic investigation site. In 2007, the IPCC reported that
this area exceeds the global average for temperature increase and the severe glacial retreat is
globally important. Additionally, the decreasing water supply to the lower stream is an additional
concern. We have set an automated weather station (AWS) in Ladakh and started providing information to
the public.

○ Progress and Results in 2010

Research Projects

Research Axis: Diversity

RIHN

Project Name: Human Life, Aging and Disease in High-Altitude Environments:Physio-Medical, Ecological and Cultural
Adaptation in “Highland Civilizations”

26
RIHN Annual Report 2011

Research findings indicate the following.
1) Ecological and cultural adaptation in highlands is characterized as maximal and sustainableutilization of limited but diversified natural resources, flexible management for disasters and simple
life with modest virtues.
2) The “Himalaya model of lifestyle-related diseases” hypothesis of diabetes acceleration wasdeveloped by the interaction among physiological adaptation in high-altitude and the effect of recentchange of lifestyles with socio-economic globalization.
Ecological and cultural adaptation to the high-altitude environment and recent lifestyle change due tothe globalization
Subsistence lifestyle and economic conditions supporting the base of “highland civilizations” werestudied in the three ecologically distinct zones in Himalaya-Tibet region: Arunachal Pradesh and Bhutan
in the forest zone, Ladakh in the oasis zone, and Qinghai in the grassland zone. Vertical distributionof vegetation, ethnic groups, subsistence lifestyle and alien plant invasion were described from 200 to
4000 m in Arunachal Pradesh (Kosaka 2010). The detailed household interview and analysis of satellite
image revealed the recent decrease in the number of livestock, the increasing use of chemicalfertilizer, and the distribution pattern of spreading abandoned land at Domkhar village in Ladakh.
Shortage of fodder, heavy snowfall, and less accessibility to social services were identified as thereasons for migration of pastoral people from Changthang highland to Leh city in Ladakh. Risk
assessment of glacial lake collapsing, recording the restoration process from flooding damage(Yamaguchi 2011), and analysis of the climatic aspect of disaster occurrence have also been conductedin Ladakh.
“Himalaya model of lifestyle-related diseases” : The interaction between long-term physiologicalhigh-altitude adaptation and recent lifestyle change.
There was the association between physiological hypoxic adaptation and lifestyle-related diseases. Han
people had higher hemoglobin concentration compared with Tibetans in Qinghai. Increasing prevalence ofdiabetes mellitus was strongly associated with increases in hemoglobin levels related to adaptation tohypoxia in Ladakh, Yushu, and Arunachal（Okumiya 2010）.
There was the association between high-altitude and lifestyle-related diseases. High blood sugar,
pulmonary disorder by dust, sleep disorder (Ladakh), hypertension and hyperlipidemia (Arunachal) weremore prevalent in higher-altitude dwelling people (Ishimoto 2011).
There was the association among ecological environment, globalization and food diversity. The fooddiversity score was highest in Arunachal (humid), moderate in Qinghai (semi rid) and lowest in Ladakh(arid). In Ladakh there was lower food diversity in people in rural area than urban one.
There was the association between settlement, livelihood change and lifestyle-related diseases.
Lifestyle-related diseases were more prevalent in urban area of Yushu than rural area of Haiyan in
Qinghai（Okumiya 2010）. Official workers and monks had more prevalence of obesity, hypertension anddiabetes than agro-pastoral local people in urban areas of Yushu and Leh.
The prevalence of diabetes was low in the traditional lifestyle in pastoral people in Arunachal andHaiyan (3000 m) but the prevalence of prediabetes in Ladakh was high in Ladakh (2900-3800 m) where
natural resource is lowest and they may be fragile to lifestyle change. There was more prevalence ofhigh hemoglobin level and high blood sugar with obesity and hypertension in Yushu (3600 m) than in
Ladakh. Change of lifestyle in hypoxia-adapted people may accelerate lifestyle-relateddiseases: ”Diabetes acceleration hypothesis”.
Health care design for elderly people in highlands for successful aging with high QOL
We started follow-up monitoring of blood pressure, body weight and amount of exercise with thecollaboration of local health staffs in Ladakh. Comprehensive geriatric functional analysis in allelderly people in Khaling in Bhutan were assessed and we are developing geriatric care system by thecollaboration with local health staffs including traditional medical staffs and monks to promotehealth, high spirituality and QOL (Sakamoto 2011).

27
Research Projects○Project Members◎ Kiyohito Okumiya○ Kozo Matsubayashi

RIHN
Research Projects( Research Institute for Humanity and Nature,Associate Professor,Supervision )( Center for Southeast Asian Studies, Kyoto University,Professor,Supervision,
Health and Disease in Highlands, Aging and Culture )Masayuki Ishine( Yasugi Clinic,Researcher,Lifestyle-related diseases )Kuniaki Otsuka( Medical Center East, Tokyo Women's University,Professor,Arteriosclerosis andHypoxia )Yoriko Kasahara( Faculty of Medicine, Kyoto University,Student,Nursing Care )Yasuko Ishimoto( Faculty of Medicine, Kyoto University,Student,Exercise Therapy )Yumi Kimura( Faculty of Medicine, Kyoto University,Student,Nutrition )Taizo Wada
( Center for Southeast Asian Studies, Kyoto University,Researcher,Mental Health )○ Ryota Sakamoto( Research Institute for Humanity and Nature,Student,Field Medicine, Public
Health )Motonao Ishikawa( Medical Center East, Tokyo Women's University,Assistant Professor,Psychosomatic
Medicine )Michiko Fujisawa( Primate Research Institute, Kyoto University,Assistant Professor,Evolutionary
Medicine )Norio Yamamoto( National Museum of Ethnology,Emeritus Professor,Supervision, Agricultural
Culture, Highland Civilization )○ Tetsuya Inamura( Department of Literature, Aichi Provincial University,Professor,Livestock
Farming and Environmental Exploitation )Akio Hongo( Department of Animal Science, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary
Medicine,Professor,Domestication of Livestock )○ Masayoshi Shigeta( Center for African Area Studies, Kyoto University,Professor,Plant Use,
Agricultural Culture )Morie Kaneko( Center for African Area Studies, Kyoto University,Assistant Professor )Shuichi Ohyama( Department of Geography, Tokyo Metropolitan University,Assocoate
Professor,Change of Livelihood along with Environmental Change )Yuji Tohkura( Cooperative Research Center, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary
Medicine,Coodinator,Glassland Use )Yoshi Kawamoto( Primate Research Institute, Kyoto University,Associate Professor,Evolutionary
Adaptation at High-altitude Environment )Kiyoaki Saito( Research Institute for Humanity and Nature,Former Professor,Nature View,
Tibetan Civilization )Tshul khrims skal
( Department of Buddhist Studies, Otani University,Professor,Buddhism and Tibetanbzang
Civilization )○ Kazuo Ando
( Center for Southeast Asian Studies, Kyoto University,Associate
Professor,Supervision, Locally Existing Technologies and Rural Development )○ Akinobu Kawai( Faculty of Industry and Technology, The University of The
Air,Professor,Sustainable Agricultural and Rural Development )Naoji Okuyama( Koyasan University,Professor,Tantric Buddhism )Koichi Usami( Graduate School of International Development, Nagoya
University,Professor,Agricultural Livelihood and Rural Market )Kazuharu Mizuno( Graduate School of Asian and African Area Studies, Kyoto University,Associate
Professor,Plant Geography and Human Activities in Highland )Nobuhiro Ohnishi( Faculty of Bioenvironmental Science, Kyoto Gakuen University,Associate
Professor,Environmental Conservation, Resource Management for Tourism )Tetsuya Kinoshita( Research Institute for Humanity and Nature,Professor,History of Chinese
Philosophy )Shinji Miyamoto( Biwako Museum,Researcher,Paleo-Environment )○ Yasuyuki Kosaka( Center for Southeast Asian Studies, Kyoto University,Researcher,Ethnological
Plant Use )Jyoti Prakash Tamang( Sikkim University,Professor,Fermented food and Health )Luo Er-hu( Graduate School of Shanghai University,Professor,Paleo-Livelihoods )○ Toshihiro Tsukihara ( Faculty of Education and Regional Studies, Fukui University,Associate
Professor,Highland-Lowland Interaction, Pastoralism in Extreme Highland )Masahiro Hirata( Department of Agro-Environment Science, Obihiro University of Agriculture andVeterinary Medicine,Associate Professor,Milk Processing Techniques )Naho Ikeda( National Research Institute for Earth Science and Disaster
Prevention,Researcher,Transhumance Grazing Systems )28
RIHN Annual Report 2011

○ Shinya Takeda( Graduate School of Asian and African Area Studies, Kyoto University,Associate
Professor,Supervision, Forest Ecology, Forest Resource Use )Mitsuhiro Nose
( Research Institute for Humanity and Nature,Research Associate,Forest Ecology,
Forest Resource Use )Makoto Kato
( Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto
University,Professor,Biota and Bioresource )Reiji Suzuki( Graduate School of Asian and African Area Studies, Kyoto University,AssistantProfessor,Soil and Land Use )Fumikazu Ubukata( Faculty of Environmental Science and Technology, Okayama
University,Researcher,Resource Use and Social Movement )Tetsuyoshi Yamaguchi( Kyoto Gakuen University,Researcher,Transhumance and Environmental
Exploitation )Ayako Sasaki( Division of Forest and Biomaterials Science, Kyoto University,Postdoctorial
Fellow,Forest Resource Use )Isamu Yamada( Center for Southeast Asian Studies, Kyoto University,Emeritus Professor,Forestand Eco-Tourism )Akiyo Yatagai( Research Institute for Humanity and Nature,Assistant Professor,Change of
Climate in Highlands )Naoyuki Kobayashi( Kobayashi Photo Studio,Photographer,Photographing )Takayuki Shiraiwa( Institute of Low Temperature Science, Hokkaido University,Associate
Professor,Evaluation of High-Altitude Environment, Snow Ice )○ Future Themes
Manifestations of global environmental issues in the human body has been clarified in the changing
highland civilizations under the twin influences of socioeconomic globalization and global warming.
Verifying the difference of adaptation and maladaptation in “Himalaya model of lifestyle-relateddiseases”-daibates acceleration hypothesis, the integration of medical and cultural/ecological teamwill be promoted. Pursuing culturally and ecologically fitted health care design with high QOL andpresenting wisdom of the aged and wisdom of coexistence to deal with aging and disease, we willreconsider present lifestyles and the future of modern civilization.

29
Research Projects

Stage: Full Research
Project No.: D-04
Abbreviated Title: Ecosystem Networks
Project Leader: YAMAMURA, Norio

RIHN

Project Name: Collapse and Restoration of Ecosystem Networks with Human Activity

Research Axis: Diversity
Key Words: Biodiversity, Complex adaptive system, Ecosystem networks, Minimization of uncertainty, Simulation, Social
networks○ Research Subject and Objectives
Research Objectives
The goals of the project are to promoteunderstanding of the environmental problems associated withecologicalresources, and contribute to their solution using the concept of the ecosystemnetwork.
Although our project can be regarded as a study on social-ecologicalsystems, we pay attention to theinteractions among different subsystems andvarious actors in society by introducing the concept of an
ecosystem network.By analyzing and integrating the case studies in the two research areas, weestablish
a theory of the ecosystem network, which is expected to contribute tothe understanding and managementof other ecosystems and ecological resources.
In this project, we address twoconcrete environmental problems under contrasting ecological settings:
tropicalrainforests in Southeast Asia (Sarawak,Malaysia) and grasslands in Central Asia (Mongolia). In
both Sarawak and Mongolia, we are conductingresearch in three core steps: (1)identification of
ecosystem network structures responsible for the problems,(2) scenario analyses, and (3) establishmentof a general conservationtheory.
<Background>
Mostecosystems on the planet have been seriously degraded by human activities andare now in criticalcondition. Although various approaches for dealing withsocial-ecological systems have been developed tounderstand environmentalproblems and explore better ways to make both ecosystems and human
livessustainable, we still do not have a clear perspective for solving the problemspartly owing to thecomplexity and diversity of ecosystems and human societies.
To cope withthis complexity and diversity, we propose the concept of an “ecosystemnetwork,” which has
a nested structure involving interactions among and withinsubsystems, including human societies. Most
terrestrial ecosystems affected byhuman activities are a mosaic of different land covers. In theecosystemnetwork, the subsystems (e.g., primary forests, secondary forests, lands forshifting
cultivation) form an interacting network. In addition, each subsystem consistsof networks of biologicalinteractions. Moreover, we identify different actorsin a human society within the ecosystem network,and regard human activities aspart of the interactions within the ecosystem network. Some actors do
notdirectly interact with the ecosystem but indirectly through other actors.
<Need to conduct the project at Research Institute for Humanity and Nature (RIHN)>
The project contributes to the mission ofthe RIHN because the ecosystem network is aninterdisciplinary concept. Theclarification of ecosystem networks requires the close cooperation
betweennatural and social scientists. In addition, the project aims to establish ageneralized theory
beyond case studies; rather, it will be a core of theresearch field of the global environmental study
created by RIHN.
<Research methods>
The most important concept of this project is the “ecosystem network,” which has a nested structure
involving interactions among and within subsystems, including human societies. Most terrestrial
ecosystems affected by human activities are a mosaic of different land covers. In the ecosystem
network, the subsystems (e.g., primary forests, secondary forests, lands for shifting cultivation) form
an interacting network. In addition, each subsystem consists of networks of biological interactions.

Research Projects

URL: http://www.chikyu.ac.jp/yamamura-pro/

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RIHN Annual Report 2011

Moreover, we place human society as a subsystem within the ecosystem network and regard humanactivities as part of the interactions within the ecosystem network.
The research areas for this project are a tropical rainforest in Southeast Asia (Sarawak, Malaysia) anda grassland in Central Asia (Mongolia). For a comparative investigation, it is essential to establish
more than one research area to obtain generalizable results and discussion. In both study areas,terrestrial ecosystems are being devastated by the surge in Asian economies associated with the recent
dramatic economic growth of China. Nevertheless, the lives of many people depend on natural ecosystems,
and the destruction of these ecosystems results directly in dramatic changes in their lives. While theeconomies of both regions have similar frameworks, their ecological characteristics, such as theregeneration time of vegetation and the distribution of biomass in the ecosystems, differ.
For thousands of years, livestock have extensively grazed the grasslands of Mongolia. In recent
decades, however, overgrazing by livestock, especially by the increased number of goats raised for the
production of cashmere for export, has caused a serious problem in the region. Overgrazing results inexcessive vegetation removal from the soil surface, alkalinizes the soil, and facilitates the growth of
inedible plant species.
In Sarawak, ecosystems have changed dramatically in the last 100 years; land use has shifted fromextensive agriculture in forests by indigenous people to logging in natural forests as a source oftimber for export, and then to oil-palm plantations. The expansion of these plantations is thought tohave brought about a sharp decrease in biodiversity and caused a reduction in or loss of ecosystemcomponents essential to the indigenous people.
In both Sarawak and the grasslands of Mongolia, we are conducting research in three core steps: (1)Identification of area-specific problems and hypothetical ecosystem network structures closely related
to the problems; (2) confirmation and evaluation of the hypothetical links through field surveys,
remote sensing, literature surveys, and modeling; and (3) scenario analyses by building a few scenarioswith different network structures, and evaluation of predicted ecosystem and social status using
various indices. By integrating these results, we will (4) establish a general conservation theory
based on the concept of ecosystem networks. The core of the theory will indicate which network
structures are likely to lead to environmental problems and how we can restore the network to mitigate
the problems.
<Organization>
The project is composed of three groups: one for the theoretical and modeling study and one groupeach for the field studies in Mongolia and Sarawak. To facilitate cooperation and discussion
irrespective of research field, we do not divide the members of the field teams into subgroups; instead
we have supervisors with a background in the social sciences and ecology for each study site. See theattached list for core and other members and their roles in the project.

○ Progress and Results in 2010(1) Identification of ecosystem network structuresresponsible for the problems
We finish most data collection and analysis for thisstep. In Mongolia, we develop a simulation model
to investigate the effects ofherders’ movement on the conditions of the pastures. In Sarawak, we work
ondata collection and conduct preliminary analysis of the questionnaire survey.
(2) Scenario analyses
We identify core scenarios for Mongolia and Sarawakfor evaluation.
(3) Establishment of a general conservation theory
Bycomparing Mongolia and Sarawak, we investigate relationships between networkstructures andsustainable use of ecological resources.
(2) Confirmation and evaluation of hypothetical links(1) We identified ecosystemnetwork structures responsible for the problems.
Mongolia
Although the increase of goats for cashmere export have beenregarded as the primary cause of pasturedegradation, our results suggest thatthe distribution of livestock and decrease of mobility in nomadic
herding arealso important causes for pasture degradation. To evaluate the hypothesis weestablished a

31
Research Projects

simulation model based on the ecological and social data. Themodel demonstrated that in an
unpredictable environment, nomadic pastoralism ismore sustainable and profitable compared to a settled
one.
Sarawak

An important difference in the ecosystem networks of Mongolia andSarawak is the relationships between
enterprises and local people. In Mongolia,ecological resource is used by local people, and sold toenterprises. In thismanner, people and enterprises are mutually dependent. On the other
hand,enterprises also directly exploit the ecological resources in Sarawak. Thus,people and enterprises
are competitors using the same resource.
(2) Weconstructed three parallel scenarios for Mongolia and Sarawak
To deliverresults of the project in an understandable way, we constructed three parallelscenarios for
Mongolia and Sarawak, which are economically-, environmentally-,and local community-focused. In eachscenario, we have a set of policies andinstitutions, based on which we estimate the land cover, andevaluateenvironmental, social and economic conditions 30 years from now using differentindices.
(3)We developed a hypothesis to establish the general conservation theory
As mentionedabove, we recognized a fundamental difference in the ecosystem networks inMongolia andSarawak. It suggests that necessary policies and institutions arealso different in the two areas. In
Mongolia, the network structure suggestthat there is a potential for the sustainable management throughthe negative feedbackthat suppress the overuse of pastures, since the decrease of theecologicalresource and other ecosystem services caused by the degradation directlyaffects the users.
Therefore, for sustainable management, it is essential toidentify what weakens the feedback and to
implement policies and institutionsthat enhance the feedback. On the other hand, the structure in
Sarawak suggeststhat the feedback does not suppress the overuse of the main users,
enterprises.Therefore, policies for introducing a feedback or for restricting the intensityof theresource use are necessary for sustainable management.
We considerthat the differences of the two ecosystems in productivity and biomass (orresource)
distribution are one of the main factors for the differences in thestructure between Mongolia andSarawak.

○Project Members◎ Yamamura,Norio

Modelling Work Group○ Ishii, Reiichiro
Ohgushi, Takayuki
Kitagawa, Kazuhiko
Kobayashi, Hideki( Research Institute for Humanity and Nature (RIHN),Professor,General
Supervision, Modelling Work Group Supervision, Mathematical Modelling )( Research Institute for Global Change (JAMSTEC),Research Fellow,Group Leader,
Construction of Simulation Model )( Center for Ecological Research, Kyoto University,Professor,Network Analyses )( Graduate School of Integrated Arts and Sciences, Kochi University,Graduate
Student,Forest measurements )( Frontier Research Center for Global Change (JAMSTEC),Research
Fellow,Construction of Simulation Model )Research Projects

Comparison of ecosystem networks of Mongolia andSarawak

RIHN

The loss of primary and secondary tropical forests in Sarawak islargely due to timber exploitationand plantation development by enterprises. Drasticchanges in the land cover are considered responsible
for many changes in thelives and society of indigenous peoples. To investigate the effects ofsuchchanges, we conducted interview surveys at more than 90 villages in the Baramand Rajang river
basins. We also collected data on aspects of theirenvironments; forest cover was evaluated based on theland cover maps based onthe satellite data, and available infrastructures of the villages wererecordedbased on the interview to the village leaders. The data indicate that while thedecrease of theforest areas does not directly cause the decrease in thepopulation, it decreases the opportunities forgroup activities such as huntingand swidden agriculture, and the social capital of the village, whichisrelated to depopulation.

32
RIHN Annual Report 2011

Kobayashi, Yutaka( Center for Ecological Research, Kyoto University,Research Fellow,Ecosystem
Modelling )Kondo, Michio( Faculty of Science and Technology, Ryukoku University,Associate Professor,Food
Web Analysis )Saizen, Izuru( The Graduate School of Global Environmental Studies,Assistant Professor,GIS
Analysis )Suzuki, Rikiei( Research Institute for Global Change (JAMSTEC),Sub Leader, Research
Scientist,Remote Sensing )Takada, Takenori( Graduate School of Environmental Earth Science, Hokkaido
University,Professor,Theoretical Ecology )Tayasu, Ichiro( Center for Ecological Research, Kyoto University,Associate Professor,Stable
Isotope Ecology )Dennis Dye( US Geological Survey, Southwest Geographic Science Team,Research
Geographer,Remote Sensing )Nakamaru, Mayuko( Graduate School of Division Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute ofTechnology,Lecturer,Social Model Analyses )○ Matsuoka, Masayuki ( Kochi University Research and Education Faculty Natural Sciences Cluster
Agriculture Unit,Associate Professor,Remote Sensing )Kato,Satoshi( Research Institute for Humanity and Nature (RIHN),Research Fellow )Tsutsumida,Narumasa ( The Graduate School of Global Environmental Studies,Graduate Student )Nakano,Takanori( Research Institute for Humanity and Nature (RIHN),Professor )Yachi, Shigeo( Center for Ecological Research, Kyoto University,Associate Professor
Environmental Ecology,Social Model Analyses )Sarawak Work Group○ Sakai, Shoko( Research Institute for Humanity and Nature (RIHN),Associate
Professor,Supervision of Ecology Studies for Sarawak )○ Ichikawa, Masahiro ( Kochi University Research and Education Faculty Natural Sciences Cluster
Agriculture Unit,Professor,Supervision of Social Systems for Sarawak )Nakashizuka, Tohru ( Tohoku University,Professor,Scenario Analysis )Igarashi, Shuichi( The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Ehime University,Graduate
Student,Sarawak Plant-Physiology Surveys )Ichie, Tomoaki( Kochi University Research and Education Faculty Natural Sciences Cluster
Agriculture Unit,Associate Professor,Sarawak Plant-Physiology Surveys )○ Itioka, Takaaki( Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University,Associate
Professor,Sarawak Insect Surveys )Ichikawa, Tetsu( Rikkyo University Sightseeing Department,Program Coordinator,Sarawak ChineseSociety Surveys )Inoue, Yuta
( The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Ehime University,Graduate
Student,Tree Physiological ecology )Onuma, Ayumi( Faculty of Economics, Keio University,Professor,Sarawak Environmental Economy
Surveys )Kato, Yumi
( Research Institute for Humanity and Nature (RIHN),Foreign researcher,Sarawak
Biological Resource Surveys )Kanazawa, Kentaro( Shinshu University whole school education mechanism,Associate Professor,Sarawak
Biological Resource Surveys )Kamoi, Tamaki( The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Ehime University,Graduate
Student,Sarawak Bird Surveys )Kishimoto, Keiko( Yuki Ito science laboratory yuan Global System Science University of Tokyo,
Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, wide area,Japan Society for the Promotionof Science Research Fellow,Sarawak Insect Surveys )Koizumi, Miyako( Tropical forest area Environmental Studies, Kyoto University Graduate School of
Agriculture, Department of Forest Science,Researcher Fellow,Sarawak Biological
Resource Surveys )Kanoh,Satoko( Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kochi University Graduate School ofIntegrated Human Studies,Graduate Student )Samejima, Hiromitsu ( Center for Southeast Asian Studies, Kyoto University,Researcher Fellow,Sarawak
Biological Resource Surveys )Shimamura, Tetsuya ( The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Ehime University,AssistantProfessor,Sarawak Forest Structure Surveys )Soda, Ryoji( Graduate school literature graduate course,Osaka City University,Associate
Professor,Sarawak Social Structure Surveys )33
Research Projects

Tanaka, Sota

Zamba,Batjargal
Oniki, Shunji○ Kamimura, Akira
Koda, Ryosuke
Konagaya, Yuki
Kondo, Junji
Sugita, Michiaki
Nachinshonhor G.U
Hirobe, MunetoMori, Shinichi
Otoda,Takashi
Satoh,Takashi
Johan B.Hj.Rahman
Tamura,Kenji( Research Institute for Humanity and Nature (RIHN),Assistant Professor,Group
Leader, Supervision of Ecology Studies for Mongolia )( Research Institute for Humanity and Nature (RIHN),Foreign researchers invited )( Japan International Research Center for Agricultural Sciences,Senior Research
Fellow,Mongolia Agricultural Economy Surveys )( Tokyo University of Foreign Studies,Lecturer,Mongolia Environmental Society
Surveys )( Research Institute for Humanity and Nature (RIHN),Researcher Fellow,Mongolia
Biological Resource Surveys )( National museum of Ethnology,Professor,Mongolia Nomadic Society Surveys )( Graduate School of Environmental Science, Okayama University,Graduate
Student,Mongolian Land cover Analysis )( Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University ofTsukuba,Professor,Mongolia Water Circulation )( Okayama University Graduate School of Environmental Studies,AssistantProfessor, special contract staff,Mongolia Nomadic Society Surveys )( Graduate School of Environmental Science, Okayama University,Associate
Professor,Mongolia Material Circulation )( IMG,NGO organizer,Mongolia local Economy Surveys )( Graduate School of Environmental Science, Okayama University,Graduate Student )( Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University ofTsukuba,Graduate Student )( Forest Research Center Sarawak,Technical Officer )( Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University ofTsukuba,Associate Professor )Research Projects

Mongolia Work Group○ Fujita, Noboru

RIHN( Graduate School of Kuroshio Science, Kochi University,AssistantProfessor,Sarawak Biological Resource Surveys )Choy, Yee Keong( Faculty of Economics, Keio University,Researcher visit,Sarawak Social Structure
Surveys )Tsukamoto, Jiro
( Kochi University Research and Education Faculty Natural Sciences Cluster
Agriculture Unit,Professor )Tokumoto, Yuji
( Graduate School of Bioagriculture Sciences, Nagoya University,Graduate
Student )Naito, Daisuke( Research Institute for Humanity and Nature (RIHN),Assistant Professor )Naoe, Shoji( Center for Ecological Research, Kyoto University,Graduate Student )Nakagawa, Michiko( Graduate School of Bioagriculture Sciences, Nagoya University,Associate
Professor,Sarawak Mammal Surveys )Nagamasu, Hidetoshi ( The Kyoto University Museum Section of Material Examination and Technical
Service,Associate Professor )Hatada, Aya( Kyoto University of Foreign Studies,Lecturer,Sarawak Environment Surveys )Osono,Takashi( Center for Ecological Research, Kyoto University,Associate Professor )Handa, Chihiro( Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University,Graduate
Student,Sarawak Insect Surveys )○ Hyodo, Fujio( Research Core for Interdisciplinary Sciences, Okayama University,AssistantProfessor )Fujita, Wataru( Konan Women's University,Lecturer,Sarawak Social Structure Surveys )Matsumoto, Takashi ( Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto
University,Researcher,Sarawak Insect Surveys )Shimizu,Kaya( Department of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University,Graduate
Student )Morishita, Akiko( Center for Southeast Asian Studies, Kyoto University,Specificresearcher,Sarawak Politics Surveys )Takano,Kohei( Research Institute for Humanity and Nature (RIHN),Researcher Fellow )Tanaka,Hiroshi( Research Core for Interdisciplinary Sciences, Okayama University,Researcher
Fellow )Mishima,Yuhki( Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kochi University Graduate School ofIntegrated Human Studies,Graduate Student )Yoneyama,Aogu( The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Ehime University,Graduate
Student )34
RIHN Annual Report 2011

Nagai,Shin
Mohammed Mahabubur
RahmanWada,Eitaro
Shohei,Yoshida
Ishikawa,Mamoru
Kusano,Eiichi
Kodama,Kanako
Tarmiji bin Masron( Frontier Research Center for Global Change (JAMSTEC),Technical study deputy
chief )( Graduate School of Agriculture Graduate Course,Kochi University,Graduate
Student )( Research Institute for Humanity and Nature (RIHN), Kyoto University,Professor
emeritus )( Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kochi University Graduate School ofIntegrated Human Studies,Graduate Student )( Research Institute of Environmental Earth Science, Hokkaido
University,Associate Professor )( Japan International Research Center for Agricultural Sciences,Fixed-term
researcher )( Chiba University Faculty of Letters,Associate Professor )( University Sains Malaysia,Senior Lecturer )○ Future Themes
Wehave almost finished the step (1) identification of ecosystem networkstructures responsible for the
problems. We need to work further on (2) scenarioanalyses and (3) establishment of a generalconservation theory. For (2), we have already roughly evaluated the various aspects of eachscenario.
For the rest of the project term, we will use our data and secondarysources to carefully examine each
aspect and add quantitative prospects wheneverpossible. For (3), we will verify thehypothesis obtained
from the comparison between Mongolia and Sarawak byexamining network structures for various ecologicalresources. In addition, usinga mathematical model, we will investigate the flow and sustainability
ofresources with different network structures. The approaches that have been usedfor food web analysis
can be applied to the model.

●Achievements○Books【Chapters/Sections】

・Wasli ME, Tanaka A, Kendawang JJ, Abdu A, Lat J, Morooka Y, Long SM, Sakurai K. 2011 Soils andvegetation condition of natural forests and secondary forests within Batang Ai National Park
Boundary, Sarawak, Malaysia.. Kuroshio Science 5 (1). , pp.67-76.
○Research Presentations【Oral Presentation】

・Kato Y. Dynamics of human activities and its impact on ecological resources in Malaysia. . RIHN-NTU
Biodiversity Colloquium, December 2011, Taipei, Taiwan.
・Norio YAMAMURA Social-ecological network and sustainable use of ecological resouces: implication fromcase studies in Mongolia and Malaysia.. RHIN-NTU Biodiversity Colloquium., December 2011, Taipei,
Taiwan.
・Ikeda A, Hirose D, Matsuoka S, Osono T. Diversity and host-specificity of endophytic Xylariaceae in a
subtropical forest in Japan inferred from rDNA sequence analysis. . XIII International Congress of
Mycology (IUMS2011 Sapporo),, September 2011, Sapporo, Japan..
・Sakaguchi C, Matsuoka S, Ito K, Hirose D, Yazawa S, Nishimura O, Osono T. 454 sequencing reveals thehyper-diversity of endophytic fungi associated with tree leaves in a subtropical forest in southern
Japan.. XIII International Congress of Mycology (IUMS2011 Sapporo), September 2011, Sapporo, Japan.
・Matsuoka S, Hirose D, Osono T. Detection of mycorrhizal fungi associated with leaf litter in a
subtropical forest in Japan assessed with an environmental DNA method. . XIII International Congressof Mycology (IUMS2011 Sapporo), , September 2011, Sapporo, Japan.
・Osono T, Hirose D Environmental DNA analysis reveals the fungal succession on Camellia japonica
leaves and the functioning of ligninolytic endophytes. . XIII International Congress of Mycology(IUMS2011 Sapporo),, September 2011, Sapporo, Japan..

35
Research Projects

・Koda R, Tsujino R, Agetsuma N, Agetsuma-Yanagihara Y, Fujita N Nonlinear responses of forest floor
vegetation to deer density in forests with different forest managements . The 2011 ESA Annual
Meeting. , August 2011, Austin, USA.

・Sakaguchi C, Matsuoka S, Ito K, Hirose D, Yazawa S, Nishimura O, Osono T. Next-generation sequencing
reveals the hyper-diversity of endophytic fungi associated with tree leaves in a subtropical forest
in southern Japan. The 5th International Symposium of the Biodiversity & Evolution gCOE, , July
2011, Kyoto, Japan.
・Nagao Y, Hirose D, Osono T. The diversity of fungi in ant-plants and a three-way symbiosis. The 5thInternational Symposium of the Biodiversity & Evolution gCOE, July 2011, Kyoto, Japan..
・ Osono T. Metagenomics of hyper-diversity of tropical fungi.. Information discovery and genome
diversity of the unknown" Kyoto Symposium 2011 Society of Evolutionary Studies, Japan, July 2011,
Kyoto.
・Osono T, Hirose D Phylogenetic diversity and host specificity of Coccomyces in Asian forests. . The
5th International Symposium of the Biodiversity & Evolution gCOE, July 2011, Kyoto, Japan..
・Ikeda A, Hirose D, Matsuoka S, Osono T The diversity of Xylariaceous endophytes in a subtropicalforest in Japan: comparison with different climate zones. The 5th International Symposium of the
Biodiversity & Evolution gCOE,, June 2011, Kyoto, Japan..
・Norio YAMAMURA Different Social-Ecological Networks in Grassland and Forest Systems: Implication for
their sustainable management. . European Congress of Mathematical and Theoretical Biology. , June
2011, Kurakow, Poland.
・Norio YAMAMURA Comparison of ecosystem networks in Mongolia grassland and Malaysia forests. Japan
Geoscience Union convention in 2011, May 2011, Chiba,Japan.
【Invited Lecture / Honoronary Lecture / Panelist】

・Kanako Kodoma Environmental, Economic, and Cultural Sustainability and China’s Ecological Migration
Policy: Changing Society and Culture in Ejene District, Inner Mongolia.. RCCPB colloquium, Nov
29,2011-Dec 12,2011, USA.
・Kanako Kodoma. Facing to urbanization: Perspective from case studies of Ejene banner, Inner Mongolia,
China. . race foundation Lecture Series. , May 20,2011-May 21,2011, New York. .

Research Projects

・Matsuoka S, Hirose D, Osono T. Detection of mycorrhizal fungi associated with leaf litter in a
subtropical forest in Japan assessed with an environmental DNA method. . The 5th International
Symposium of the Biodiversity & Evolution gCOE, July 2011, Kyoto, Japan..

RIHN

・Tanaka S Influences of burning practice of shifting cultivation on nutrient dynamics under different
climates. 国際シンポジウム Land Degradation and Pedology，. Tsukuba, Japan Society of Soil Scienceand Plant Nutrition Conference 2011, August 2011, Tsukuba Japan.

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RIHN Annual Report 2011

Stage: Full Research
Project No.: E-04
Project Name: Vulnerability and Resilience of Social-Ecological Systems
Abbreviated Title: Resilience Project
Project Leader: UMETSU, Chieko
Research Axis: ECOSOPHY
URL: http://www.chikyu.ac.jp/resilience/
Key Words: resilience, poverty, social-ecological system, resource management, environmental variability, vulnerability,
human security, semi-arid tropics○ Research Subject and Objectives<Research Objectives>
The objective of this research is 1) to consider impacts of environmental variability on vulnerability
and resilience of human activities in the semi-arid tropics; 2) to study factors affecting socialecological systems and their recovery from shocks; 3) to analyze factors determining ability ofhouseholds and communities to recover from environmental shocks and the roles of institutions in
improving household resilience; and 4) to identify the factors affecting resilience of socialecological systems and ways in which the resilience of subsistence farmers in the semi-arid tropics toenvironmental variability can be strengthened.
<Background>A vicious cycle of poverty and environmental degradation, such as forest degradation anddesertification, is a major cause of global environmental problems. This is especially the case in thesemi-arid tropics (SAT) including Sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia, where a majority of the world’s
poor are concentrated. Within the SAT, communities’ livelihoods depend critically on fragile andpoorly endowed natural resources, and poverty and environmental degradation are widespread. People inthese regions depend largely on rain-fed agriculture, and their livelihoods are vulnerable toenvironmental variability. Environmental resources such as vegetation and soil are also vulnerable tohuman activities. To surmount these environmental challenges, human society and ecosystems must be
resilient to (recover quickly from) environmental shocks. Thus in this project we consider society andecology as one social-ecological system and empirically analyze its resilience.
<How do you utilize the results of the project to help solving “global environmental issues”?>
Through data collection, observation and analysis, our research will identify key resilience indicatorsable to provide ecosystem and resource management options for communities in the SAT. These results
will be disseminated through workshops, conferences, working papers and peer-reviewed publications toshare information with concerned governmental and non-governmental agencies and groups.

○ Progress and Results in 2010
In FY2006 we established research collaborations with variousinstitutions in Zambia.
In FY2007 we prepared experimental field sites and installed monitoringequipment such as weather
stations, on-farm rain gauges and soil moisturemeasurement devices. Comprehensive weekly household
surveys including bodymeasurement and monitoring of rainfall and crop growth commenced in November2007.
Intensive field data for the 2007/2008, 2008/2009, 2009/2010 agriculturalseasons were collected anddata compiled completed for full analysis.
InFR2011, we organized a series of meetings for disseminating research outcomesto all stakeholders
concerned.
Findings to the objective1) Rainfall variability and the impact to crop production· The seasonal pattern of rainfallvaried across these three rainy seasons and farmers were facing not
only annualvariation but also seasonal variation of precipitation. In the last threecropping seasons

37
Research Projects

2007/2008, 2008/2009 and 2009/2010, our study site received morerainfall than the annual average. The
December 2007 heavy rain (473 mm/week) caused significant damagesto agricultural production andregional infrastructure such as roads andbridges. After the flooding, farmers responded quickly by
replanting maize, and shiftingto other crops.

· Resilience at the householdlevel was quantitatively measured and factors affecting resilience
wereidentified. A sharp decline in food consumption before harvest was observed afterheavy rain in
December 2007. After March 2008, food consumption gradually recovered,however the speed of recovery wasvery slow. Heavy rainfall in 2007 resulted ina sharp increase in maize prices in February 2009
affecting the ability ofhouseholds to purchase food. It took more than one year for most households
torecover food consumption to the level before December 2007 heavy rainfall. Therecovery speed was highin lowland due to personal gift, public food aid andnon-agricultural income. Cattle holdings helpedhousehold recovery in upperterrace. Some new activities for getting cash income, such as livestock
sales,fishery and wage labor emerged to offset a shortfall of income. Flexibility inemploying diverse
strategies to successfully cope with climatic shocks is asuggestive of household resilience.
Findings to the objective 3) Copingstrategies to recover food consumption and livelihoods· The level of vulnerability differs among different types of actors,such as farmers, households andrural societies. Rural households and communities in Africa are facing not only risks from natural
disastersbut also risks from social and economic changes, such as international pricehikes of cash
crops, political transitions, and changes in land tenure systemsand agricultural policies. During thecourse of transitions from old systems tonew systems, access to some resources decreased while otheraccess to otherresources expanded.
·
We also revealed that vulnerability increased for various reasonsand it could be attributableeconomic, socio-political and even cultural spheresand their interactions. With regards to social
networks, communication toolssuch as cellular phones are recently playing an important role inhelpingfarmers to cope with climatic as well as economic shocks for requesting goodsin need.
Findings to the objective 4) Howto enhance resilience of households of food security· Resilience in SAT context can be defined as the short-run recovery offood consumption, foodproduction and livelihoods. In the long-run, resilienceis the adaptive capacity of household, community
and region to absorb shocks,adapt to change and to learn, innovate and transform.
· Various assets including agricultural technology,livestock and land holdings and cash income
opportunities/abilities areconsidered as crucial for recovery of households and communities.
Diversifiedaccess to resource use help households to recover from shock quickly.
· The availability and the access to ecologicalservices that supply wild food during the lean period tohousehold is alsoimportant for consumption smoothing.
· Strengthening social safety net in differentlevels is necessary to increase adaptive capacity.
· Development of infrastructure that enablehouseholds to access market for crop sales andpurchase, as well as for stabilizing foodprices in the region is also important.

food· Social system and ecological system sometimesmoved at a different speed. Comprehensive approaches andlong-run observations arenecessary to understand complex responses and feed backs due toenvironmentaland socio-economic factors affecting rural households.
· For enhancing adaptive capacity of individualsand households, long-term strategies are required to
improve basic servicessuch as education, medical services, public road and transport.

Research Projects

Findings to the objective 2) Impact of heavy rain on householdconsumption and factors affecting
recovery

RIHN· In agronomicfield experiments in Eastern Province, the impacts oftree burning on soil nutrient
status and maize yield varied according to theamount of tree biomass burnt. The field experiment inSouthern Provincesuggested that maize yield was strongly influenced by topography andtemperature.
Cultivation under different topographic contexts partly mitigatedclimatic shocks.

38
RIHN Annual Report 2011

· In the long-run, not only is increasingspecific resilience against climatic change and/or disasterrisks but alsoincreasing general resilience of the society required to prepare foruncertainty.

○Project Members◎ UMETSU Chieko( Research Institute for Humanity and Nature,Associate Professor,Regional
analysis, farm survey )□ YACHI Shige( Center for Ecological Research, Kyoto University,Associate Professor,Advisor )○ SHINJO Hitoshi( Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University,Associate Professor,Organic
materials and soil fertility )ANDO Kaori( Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University,Graduate student (PhD),Organic
materials and soil fertility )SHIBATA Shozo( Field Science Education and Research Center, Kyoto University,Professor,Tree/shrub components and its succession )○ TANAKA Ueru
( Research Institute for Humanity and Nature,Associate Professor,Soil degradationand erosion )KURAMITSU Hajime( Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University,Graduate student (MA),Grass/herb components and its succession )MIURA Reiichi( Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University,Lecturer,Grass/herb components
and its succession )○ MIYAZAKI Hidetoshi ( Research Institute for Humanity and Nature,Project Researcher,Measurement ofland plot, crop components )○ Mwale，Moses( Mt. Makulu Central Research Station, Zambia Agriculural Research Station,Vice
Director,Soil analysis )○ SAKURAI Takeshi( Hitotsubashi University,Professor,Household survey and analysis )KANNO Hiromitsu( National Agricultural Research Center for Tohoku Region,Team Leader,Measurementof rainfall data )SHIMONO Hiroyuki( Faculty of Agriculture, Iwate University,Assistant Professor,Crop science
Modelling )YAMAUCHI Taro
( School of Medicine, Hokkaido University,Associate Professor,Community healthand nutrition )KITSUKI Akinori( Graduate School of Economics, Hitotsubashi University,Graduate Student(PhD),Household survey and analysis )MIURA Ken
( Graduate School of Economics, Hitotsubashi University,Graduate student(MS),Household survey and analysis )Akiko NASUDA( Graduate School of Economics, Hitotsubashi University,Graduate Student(PhD),Household survey and analysis )KUBO Harutaka( Graduate School of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University,Graduate student(MS),Human growth, nutrition and health )Sayuri KON( Higashinaeho Hospital,Medical Therapist,Human growth, nutrition and health )○ SHIMADA Shuhei( Graduate School of Asian and African Area Studies, Kyoto
University,Professor,Village society and institution )○ ISHIMOTO Yudai( Research Institute for Humanity and Nature,Project Researcher,Emergency food offarm household )ITO Chihiro( Research Institute for Humanity and Nature,Project Research Associate,Labor
migration in rural area )KYO Akie( Graduate School of Asian and African Area Studies, Kyoto University,Graduate
student (PhD),Co-existence with sickness and care )KODAMAYA Shiro( Graduate School of Social Acience, Hitotsubashi
University,Professor,Agricultural development and social change )NARISAWA Noriko( Graduate School of Asian and African Area Studies, Kyoto University,Graduate
student (PhD),Economic activities of female farmers )Kajoba, Gear M.
( University of Zambia,Senior Lecturer,Land tenure system and food security )Mulenga, Chileshe ( University of Zambia,Senior Lecturer,Analysis of social behaviors )○ YOSHIMURA Mitsunori ( Remote Sensing Technology Center of Japan (RESTEC),Senior Researcher,Ecologicalchange monitoring )MATSUMURA Keiichiro ( Department of Sociology, Rikkyo University,Associate Professor,Land tenuresystem and rural livelihood )SAEKI Tazu
( National Institute for Environmental Studies,NIES Assistant Fellow,Climate
monitoring )○ YAMASHITA Megumi( Survey College of Kinki,Lecturer,Vegetation monitoring )39
Research Projects○ Lekprichakul,
Thamana○ Palanisami, K.
YATAGAI Akiyo－ Resilience is a wider concept that plays an important role in the discussionof sustainability.
Resilience concept is applied to many research agenda ofGlobal Environmental Change (GEC) including
climatic change and disaster risk reduction(DRR) by providing analytical framework. In recent years,
practical applicationand demand is increasing rapidly.
－Especially, after the Great East Japan Earthquake and Tsunami in 11March 2011, the report submitted
to the Prime Minister in June 2011 by theReconstruction Design Council “Towards Reconstruction: Hopebeyond the Disaster”incorporates many ideas of resilience thinking. We plan to utilize
resilienceconcept for research and practices for disaster reconstruction.
－ We plan to organize the 4th Lusaka Workshop in August2013 for making resilience network within
Southern Africa Region.

●Achievements○Books【Authored/Co-authored】

・Ishimoto, Yudai Mar,2012 A Livelihood System in Sahel: Adaptation and Coping Behavior for Drought andInsect Damage. Kyoto University African Stuty Series, 006. The Center for African Area Studies of
Kyoto University, Sakyo, Kyoto, 179pp. (in Japanese)○Papers【Original Articles】

・Miura, Ken, Hiromitsu Kanno, Takeshi Sakurai Mar,2012 Shock and Livestock Transactions in Rural
Zambia: a Re-examination of the Buffer Stock Hypothesis. The Japanese Journal of Rural Economics
14 :20-34.(reviewed).
・Takeshi Sakurai, Akiko Nasuda, Akinori Kitsuki, Ken Miura, Taro Yamauchi, Hiromitsu Kanno Dec,2011
Measuring Resilience of Household Consumption – The Case of the Southern Province of Zambia –. heSpecial Issus of the Journal of Rural Economics 2011 :393-400.(reviewed).
・Akinori Kitsuki and Takeshi Sakurai Dec,2011 Seasonal Change of Consumption and Its Composition in
Rural Zambia. The Special Issus of the Journal of Rural Economics 2011 :380-384. (in Japanese)(reviewed).
・Ken Miura, Hiromitsu Kanno, and Takeshi Sakurai Dec,2011 Livestock Transactions as Coping Strategies
in Zambia: New Evidence from High-Frequency Panel Data. PRIMCED Discussion Paper No. 15 .
・Akiko Nasuda, Hiromitsu Kanno, Takeshi Sakurai Dec,2011 Analysis of Impact of Heavy Rainfall Shocks
on Time Allocation in Rural Zambia. The Special Issus of the Journal of Rural Economics 2011 :
385-392. (in Japanese) (reviewed).

Research Projects○ Future Themes【 Plan for CR1 and CR2 】

RIHN( Research Institute for Humanity and Nature,Senior Project Researcher,Household
survey and analysis )( Tamilnadu Agricultural University,Director,Household survey and analysis )( Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University ofTsukuba,Research fellow,Monsoon rainfall analysis )Ranganathan, C.R( Tamilnadu Agricultural University,Professor,Economic modelling )Chandrasekaran,B.
( Tamilnadu Agricultural University,Director,Rice production analysis )KUME Takashi( Research Institute for Humanity and Nature,Associate Professor,Tsunami impact
study )
Gheethalakshmi,V.
( Tamilnadu Agricultural University,Professor,Monsoon rainfall analysis )Savadogo, Kimseyinga( University of Ouagadougou,Professor,Household data analysis )○ Tom Evans( Department of Economics, Indiana University,Associate Professor,Agent-basedmodelling )40
RIHN Annual Report 2011

・Ken Miura, Hiromitsu Kanno, and Takeshi Sakurai Dec,2011 Livestock Transactions as Coping Strategies
in Zambia: New Evidence from High-Frequency Panel Data. Global COE Discussion Paper .
・Lekprichakul, Thamana, Chieko Umetsu, Tom Evans. Sep,2011 Building Social-Ecological Resilience toFood Insecurity in Zambia: Closing a Gap between Thinking and Practice. Proceedings of the Society
for Environmental Economics and Policy Studies (SEEPS) Conference .
・ Lekprichakul, Thamana and Chieko Umetsu Jun,2011 2004/05 Drought Responses and Recovery ofCommunities in Southern and Eastern Province of Zambia: A Malmquist Productivity Index Approach to
Resilience Measurement. Proceedings of the Resilience International Symposium on “Building SocialEcological Resilience in a Changing World” .
・Sakurai, Takeshi, Akiko Nasuda, Akimi Kitsuki, Ken Miura, Taro Yamauchi, Hiromitsu Kanno Apr,2011
Vulnerability and Resilience of Households: The Case of Zambia. The Economic Review 62(2) :166-187.
(in Japanese) (reviewed).
・ K.Palanisami, C.R.Ranganathan and Chieko Umetsu. Apr,2011 “Groundwater Over-exploitation andEfficiency in Crop Production in South India: Application of Data Envelopment Analysis”. Journal ofApplied Operational Research 3(1) :13-22.(reviewed).
【Review Articles】

・Hitoshi SHINJO Shigeru ARAKI 2011 Advances in soil science in Sub-Saharan Africa. 1. Introduction toecological environments and agriculture in Sub-Saharan Africa. Japanese Society of Soil and Plant
Nutrition 82(4) :330-337. (in Japanese) (reviewed).
○Research Presentations【Oral Presentation】

・Umetsu, C., Shinjo H., Sakurai T., Shiamda S., Yoshimura M., Lekprichakul T. Dynamics of socialecological systems: Farmers' resilience and food security in Southern Zambi. Planet Under Pressure
2012, Mar 25,2012-Mar 29,2012, Excel London, London.
・ Lekprichakul Thamana, Chieko Umetsu Measuring Climatic Resilience Using Generalized Malmquist
Productivity Index. DEA Symposium 2012,, Feb 20,2012-Feb 21,2012, Seikei University, Tokyo.
・Ishimoto, Y. and Miyazaki H. Reciprocity in Southern Province of Zambia: An Analysis of Mobile Phone
Use. the Japanese Society of Regional and Agricultural Development Autumn Study Meeting, Nov
16,2011, Nagoya, Aichi. (in Japanese)
・H. Miyazaki, Y. Ishimoto, H. Shinjo, U.Tanaka. Can sweet potato become major crop?. the JapaneseSociety of Regional and Agricultural Development Autumn Study Meeting, Nov 16,2011, Nagoya, Aichi.
(in Japanese)・Takeshi Sakurai, Hiromitsu Kanno, and Chieko Umetsu Are they ready for climate change? Evidence of
farmers’ potential resilience against unexpected weather event from Zambia. Annual Conference ofSociety for Environmental Economics and Policy Studies, Sep 23,2011-Sep 24,2011, Nagasaki
University, Nagasaki. (in Japanese)・ Lekprichakul, Thamana, Chieko Umetsu, Tom Evans Building Social-Ecological Resilience to Food
Insecurity in Zambia: Closing a Gap between Thinking and Practice. Society for Environmental
Economics and Policy Studies (SEEPS) Conference, Sep 23,2011-Sep 24,2011, Nagasaki University,
Nagasaki.
・Takeshi Sakurai, Hiromitsu Kanno, Taro Yamauchi, Hiroyuki Shimono, Akiko Nasuda, Akinori Kitsuki, Ken
Miura, Sayuri Kon, Harutaka Kubo Assessment of Household Resilience: The Case of Southern Provinceof Zambia. 3rd Lusaka Resilience Workshop, Aug 25,2011, Golfview Hotel, Lusaka.
・ Lekprichakul, Thamana, Chieko Umetsu, Tom Evans Assessment of Vulnerability and Resilience to Food
Insecurity in Zambia. the 3rd Lusaka Resilience Workshop: “Towards Resilience of Rural Households
and Communities” , Aug 25,2011, Golfview Hotel, Lusaka.
・H. Miyazaki, Masako Miyashita, Jungo Nishio, Ueru Tanaka and Hitoshi Shinjo Ecological Resilience of
the Farms under Various Agro-Ecosystems in Southern Province of Zambia. Resilience International
Symposium "Building Social-Ecological Resilience in a Changing World", Jun 18,2011-Jun 20,2011,
Research Institute for Humanity and Nature, Kyoto.

41
Research Projects

・Hiroyuki Shimono, Hidetoshi Miyazaki, Hitoshi Shinjo, Hiromitsu Kanno and Takeshi Sakurai Effects ofPlanting Date on Maize Productivity in Zambia. Resilience International Symposium Building SocialEcological Resilience in a Changing World, Jun 18,2011-Jun 20,2011, Research Institute for Humanity
and Nature, Kyoto.

・ Mitsunori Yoshimura, Megumi Yamashita, Keiichiro Matsumura, Hidetoshi Miyazaki, Yudai Ishimoto
Adaptation and Coping Behavior for Food Security in Southern Province. Resilience International
Symposium Building Social-Ecological Resilience in a Changing World, Jun 18,2011-Jun 20,2011,
Research Institute for Humanity and Nature, Kyoto.
・ Lekprichakul, Thamana, Chieko Umetsu 2004/05 Drought Responses and Recovery of Communities inSouthern and Eastern Province of Zambia. Resilience International Symposium: “Building SocialEcological Resilience in a Changing World” , Jun 18,2011-Jun 20,2011, Research Institute for
Humanity and Nature, Kyoto.
・Takeshi Sakurai, Hiromitsu Kanno, Taro Yamauchi, Hiroyuki Shimono, Akiko Nasuda, Akinori Kitsuki, Ken
Miura, Sayuri Kon, Harutaka Kubo How to Integrate Social Science and Natural Science in the Study on
Socio-Ecological Resilience: The Case of Southern Province of Zambia. Resilience International
Symposium on “Building Social-Ecological Resilience in a Changing World”, Jun 18,2011-Jun 20,2011,
Research Institute for Humanity and Nature, Kyoto.
・ Taro Yamauchi ,Sayuri Kon, Harutaka Kubo, Thamana Lekprichakul, Takeshi Sakurai, Chieko Umetsu
Longitudinal Monitoring Survey on the Nutritional Status of Adults Living in Contrasting EcologicalZones in Zambia. Resilience International Symposium on “Building Social-Ecological Resilience in a
Changing World”, Jun 18,2011-Jun 20,2011, Research Institute for Humanity and Nature, Kyoto.
・ Takeshi Sakurai, Akiko Nasuda, Akinori Kitsuki, Ken Miura, Taro Yamauchi, and Hiromitsu Kanno
Measuring Resilience of Household Consumption – The Case of the Southern Province of Zambia –.
Annual Conference of Agricultural Economics Society of Japan, Jun 11,2011-Jun 12,2011, Waseda
University, Tokyo. (in Japanese)・Akiko Nasuda, Hiromitsu Kanno, and Takeshi Sakurai Analysis of Impact of Heavy Rainfall Shocks on
Time Allocation in Rural Zambia. Annual Conference of Agricultural Economics Society of Japan, Jun
11,2011-Jun 12,2011, Waseda University, Tokyo. (in Japanese)
・Akinori Kitsuki and Takeshi Sakurai Seasonal Change of Consumption and Its Composition in Rural
Zambia. Annual Conference of Agricultural Economics Society of Japan, Jun 11,2011-Jun 12,2011,
Waseda University, Tokyo. (in Japanese)・Takeshi Sakurai, Akiko Nasuda, Akinori Kitsuki, Ken Miura, Taro Yamauchi, Hiromitsu Kanno Rainfall
Variability and Farmers’ Resilience in Semi-Arid Tropics in Zambia. Japan Geoscience Union Meeting
2011, May 22,2011-May 27,2011, Makuhari Messe International Conference Center, Chiba.
・Hanzawa, K. Food Security and Small-Scale Irrigated Farming in C Village, Central Province, Zambia.
Annual Meeting of Japan Association of African Studies, May 20,2011-May 22,2011, Hirosaki
University, Hirosaki. (in Japanese)
・Ishimoto, Y. A Preliminary Study on Reciprocity via Mobile Phones: A Case Study of Southern Provinceof Zambia. Annual Meeting of Japan Association of African Studies , May 20,2011-May 22,2011,
Hirosaki University, Hirosaki. (in Japanese)
・H. Miyazaki, Y. Ishimoto, M. Yamashita, H. Shinjo, U. Tanaka. Coping Behavior with Rainfall Change by
Farmer in Southern Zambia. Annual Meeting of Japan Association for African Studies, May 20,2011-May
22,2011, Hirosaki University, Hirosaki. (in Japanese)
・Evans TP. Agent-Based Modeling of Smallholder Decision-Making and Food Security in Rural Zambia.
Policy Analysis and Public Finance Faculty Group Speaker Series, Apr 01,2011, Indiana University,
Bloomington.

Research Projects

・Evans TP and Caylor KK. Integrated Analysis for Spatial and Temporal Resilience to Food Insecurity.
Resilience International Symposium “Building Social-Ecological Resilience in a Changing World”,
Jun 18,2011-Jun 20,2011, Research Institute for Humanity and Nature, Kyoto.

RIHN

・ Chihiro Ito The Characteristics of “Rural Business” and its Impact on Local Livelihood andVulnerability: A Case Study of Southern Province, Zambia. International Symposium:Building SocialEcological Resilience in a Changing World, Jun 18,2011-Jun 20,2011, Research Institute for Humanity
and Nature, Kyoto.

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RIHN Annual Report 2011

・ Hitoshi Shinjo, Kaori Ando, Yoko Noro, Hajime Kuramitsu, Shotaro Takenaka, Reiichi Miura, Ueru
Tanaka, Shozo Shibata, Hidetoshi Miyazaki, Sesele Sokotela Ecological Resilience under Slash-andBurn Agriculture and Fallowing in a Miombo Ecosystem in Eastern Province of Zambia. Resilience
International Symposium Building Social-Ecological Resilience in a Changing World, Jun 18,2011-Jun
20,2011, 京都 総合地球環境学研究所.
【Poster Presentation】

・Umetsu C., Lekprichakul T., Palanisami K., Shanthasheela M., Kume T. Building Resilience of Taunami
Affected Farm Households in Coastal Regions of India. Planet Under Pressure 2012, Mar 25,2012-Mar
29,2012, Excel London, London.
・ Shinjo, H., Nishio, J., Miyazaki, H., Yamashita, M., Yoshimura, M., and Funakawa, S. patial
evaluation of land resources in Southern Province, Zambia, using maize productivity under variableclimatic conditions as the indicator. Annual Meeting of Japanese Society of Soil Science and Plant
Nutrition, Aug 08,2011-Aug 10,2011, Tsukuba. (in Japanese)
・H. Miyazaki, Y. Ishimoto, M. Yamashita, H. Shinjo, U. Tanaka Adaptive and Coping Behaviors withRainfall Fluctuation by Small-Scale Farmers in Southern Province of Zambia. Resilience International
Symposium Building Social-Ecological Resilience in a Changing World, Jun 18,2011-Jun 20,2011,
Research Institute for Humanity and Nature, Kyoto.
・ Narisawa Noriko Autonomy and Vulnerability of African Peasant Women: Diversified Non-farming
Livelihoods and Intra-household Relations among the Tonga of Zambia. Resilience International
Symposium “Building Social-Ecological Resilience in a Changing World”, Jun 18,2011-Jun 29,2011,
Research Institute for Humanity and Nature, Kyoto.
・ Akinori Kitsuki, Takeshi Sakurai Seasonal Consumption Smoothing in Rural Zambia. Resilience
International Symposium on “Building Social-Ecological Resilience in a Changing World, Jun 18,2011Jun 20,2011, Research Institute for Humanity and Nature, Kyoto.
・Miura Ken, Hiromitsu Kanno, Takeshi Sakurai Effect of Heavy Rainfall Shock on Asset Dynamics in Rural
Zambia - An Examination of Wealth-Differentiated Coping Strategies-. Resilience International
Symposium on “Building Social-Ecological Resilience in a Changing World”, Jun 18,2011-Jun 20,2011,
Research Institute for Humanity and Nature, Kyoto.
・ Sayuri Kon, Thamana Lecprichakul, Cieko Umetsu ,Takeshi Sakurai, Taro Yamauchi Food
Consumption,Physical Activity, and Travel Patterns for Adults Living in Three Constrastingechological Zones in Rural Zambi. Resilience International Symposium on “Building Social-Ecological
Resilience in a Changing World”, Jun 18,2011-Jun 20,2011, Research Institute for Humanity andNature, Kyoto.
・Harutaka Kubo, Sayuri Kon, Thamana Lecprichakul, Takeshi Sakurai, Hiromitsu Kanno, Taro Yamauchi
Nutritional status and seasonal growth of Tonga children in rural Zambia-A longitudinal growthmonitoring over 26 months. Resilience International Symposium on “Building Social-Ecological
Resilience in a Changing World”, Jun 18,2011-Jun 20,2011, Research Institute for Humanity andNature, Kyoto.
・Akiko Nasuda, Hiromitsu Kanno, Takeshi Sakurai Analysis of Impact of Heavy Rainfall Shocks on Time
Allocation Changes in Rural Zambia. Resilience International Symposium on “Building SocialEcological Resilience in a Changing World”, Jun 18,2011-Jun 20,2011, Research Institute for
Humanity and Nature, Kyoto.
・Miura Ken, Hiromitsu Kanno, and Takeshi Sakurai Effect of Heavy Rainfall Shock on Asset Dynamics in
Rural Zambia - An Examination of Wealth-Differentiated Coping Strategies-. Annual Conference ofAgricultural Economics Society of Japan, Jun 11,2011-Jun 12,2011, Waseda University, Tokyo. (inJapanese)・Hiroyuki Shimono, Hidetoshi Miyazaki, Hitoshi Shinjo, Hiromitsu Kanno, TakeshiSakurai Is the optimalplanting date for high maize productivity chosen by Zambian smallholders?. 7th Asian Crop Science
Conference, Sep 27,2011-Sep 30,2011, Bogor, Indonesia.

43
Research Projects

Stage: Full Research
Project No.: H-03
Abbreviated Title: Indus Project
Project Leader: OSADA, Toshiki

RIHN

Project Name: Environmental Change and the Indus Civilization

Research Axis: Ecohistory
Key Words: Indus civilization, human-environment interaction, Ghaggar-Hakra (Sarasvati) river, climate change,
disintegration of Indus civilization networks○ Research Subject and Objectives
1) Research objectives and background[Research objectives]
The Indus civilization (2600BC−1900BC) is known for its cultural and technological achievements
including its characteristic seals and scripts, fortified settlements and drain systems. Indus cities
and cultures spread over 680,000 km2 along the Indus and Ghaggar-Hakra River and into Gujarat inWestern India, yet its urban phase lasted for only 700 years, much shorter than any of its
contemporaries. This project aims to investigate the causes of this rapid decline of the civilizationfrom the perspective of human-environment interaction. Drawing on various disciplines of both naturaland human sciences, we compose social and environmental histories of key Indus civilization cities andtheir vicinities in order to determine whether and which environmental factors were the causes of theirshort life and rapid decline.
In order to fully grasp the causes of the decline, we find it important to look at the civilization ina wider context, both in space and time. For this reason we investigate diverse natural environment
surrounding the civilization on one hand, and the history of the long-term climate change in South Asia
on the other. The relationship of the societies and cultures of the Indus civilization with those ofother ancient civilizations is also being investigated, side by side with their relationship with thepost-Indus societies and cultures of South Asia.
[Significance of our project with regard to global environmental problems]
The investigation of the relationship between global climate change and the rise and fall of ancientcivilizations attracted many scholars around the world. As mentioned below some scholars hypothesizethat the impact of abrupt climate change caused the decline of the Indus civilization, but actually
there has been no reliable data to test this hypothesis. In this regard our research is a pioneering
work; we provide detailed data on long-term climate change in the whole of South Asia for the firsttime. In addition, we investigate some regional environmental changes which might have made asignificant impact on the civilization. By putting together the outcomes of these researches we will
enhance our understandings on the relationship between both long- and short-term environmental changes
and human civilizations, and thus make a contribution towards solving some key issues of current global
environmental problems.
[Background]
The supposed impact of environmental change on the decline of the Indus civilization has been studied
from two different perspectives. The first group of researchers proposed that the main causes for the
decline were local. There have been several different theories based on this local hypothesis — e.g.
Wheeler’s Aryan invasion theory and Raikes’ flood theory. The second group of scholars, on the other
hand, examined the issue from the global level. They focused their study on the global climate change
observed during mid- and late Holocene. They claim that the Old World, especially Asia, witnessed acollapse of agriculture-based societies including the Indus societies during mid- and late Holocene
which was coincidental with the abrupt climate change mentioned above. The past decades have seen arevival of ‘environmental determinism’ in palaeo-environmental research, with palaeo-climate shifts

Research Projects

URL: http://www.chikyu.ac.jp/indus/Indus_project/index.html

44
RIHN Annual Report 2011

implicated in the collapse of many past civilizations. We do not accept the environmental determinism
proposed by many scholars engaged in global-level analysis, but we also consider that it is important
to integrate the outcomes of palaeo- environmental researches in South Asia into our project. Ourstandpoint is that we need to look at both local and global levels.
Furthermore, we consider that past theories, in general, are too simplistic and too narrow in scope.
They failed to see the diversity of both natural and social environments of the Indus societies, and,as a result, failed to grasp the complexity of the process of the so-called decline in each region.
This is why we emphasize the importance of looking at the process in a much more wider context on one
hand, and much more in detail in the target regions on the other.
2) Research methods and organization[Research methods]
As mentioned in 1), we combine the research methods of various disciplines of both natural and humansciences. For each key issue we collaborate the research outcomes of different research groups.
As for the reconstruction of the natural environment of the Indus civilization, various
geoscience methods are employed to investigate both long-term climate change and regional
environmental changes. The subsistence systems, which may have been subject to the influence of
global climate change as well as regional environment changes, are being studied through ethnobotanical and archaeo-botanical analysis.
As for the reconstruction of socio-economic and cultural aspects of the civilization, we
employ various methods of humanities: archaeological methods to recover cultural artefacts fromthe archaeological sites, and linguistic and anthropological methods to discover characteristics ofthe Indus societies at different levels. These methods are also useful to understand therelationship between Indus societies and other ancient civilizations.
[Research organization]
We have five working groups; (1) palaeo-environment research group (PERG); (2) material culture
research group (MCRG); (3) subsistence system research group (SSRG); (4) inherited culture researchgroup (ICRG); and (5) DNA research group (DNAG).
(1) PERG aims to investigate: (a) long-term climate change in South Asia, using core samplings from
Rara Lake in the Lesser-Himalayan region and reconstructing the Asian monsoon by chemical index ofalteration and other proxies; (b) the palaeo-channel of the Ghaggar-Hakra River through the analysis ofsatellite imagery and field research including the dating of sand dunes; (c) sea-level change along thecoastline of Gujarat during the Indus period through the analysis of satellite imagery, hydro-isostatic
modeling and geological/topographical analysis; (d) local climate changes through the oxygen isotope
analysis of otolith recovering from Indus sites in Gujarat; and (e) palaeo-seismological analysis forunderstanding the impact of earthquakes.
(2) MCRG excavated two sites in India, i.e., Kanmer (Kachchh, Gujarat) and Farmana (Rohtak, Haryana).
The members uncovered a number of structures including a citadel with stone walls, a large burial
ground, plant and animal remains, and diverse artefacts such as pottery, ornaments, and Indus seals/
sealings with and without Indus scripts. They analyze these data to reconstruct the society and cultureof each region, as well as trade and other networks which united these regions with other regions
within and outside the civilization. They also gather supplementary data on other Indus sites both inIndia and Pakistan.
(3) SSRG reconstructs the subsistence systems of the Indus civilization by analyzing archaeo-botanicaldata obtained from Indus sites and ethno-botanical data found mainly in present-day Maharashtra andKarnataka. Their fieldwork focuses on the study of distribution and characteristics of emmer and Indiandwarf wheat, both of which were found in many Indus sites and must have been main winter crops during
the Indus period.
(4) ICRG reconstructs the history of the Indus societies using linguistic methods. The members of the
Indologist subgroup analyze Vedic and Mesopotamian cuneiform texts, while those of the linguistic
subgroup use comparative methods to reconstruct the substratum cultures and languages of South Asia.
They have produced Language Atlas of South Asia which shows the distribution of modern South Asian
languages, and on the basis of this atlas they have started to make maps showing the distribution of
key cultural vocabulary of the Indus civilization.

45
Research Projects(5) DNAG was formed in 2009 when a huge amount of human bones were found in Farmana. The members havebeen working on cow and human bones in order to reconstruct the genetic histories.

○ Progress and Results in 2010

In the third and fourth years, our project members worked in collaboration to reconstruct: (1) longterm climate changes in South Asia; and (2) the history of regional environment surrounding Kanmer andFarmana where excavations were conducted. The objectives of these researches are to assess the impact
of climate changes in South Asia, and of local environmental changes, on the societies and subsistencesystems of these regions during the Indus period.
(1) As regard the reconstruction of long-term climate changes, PERG conducted coring from Rara Lake inthe Lesser-Himalayan region in 2009. They have been analyzing the monsoon pattern of the last five
thousand years by using chemical index of alteration and other proxies. The preliminary analysis has
shown that: (a) 6 intervals of weak summer monsoon events during the Mid-Late Holocene centered at 0.7,
1.1, 1.5, 2.7, 3.3, and 4.3 cal ka BP ; and (b) the summer monsoon became stronger when the Indus
civilization was on decline.
(2) Our research on regional environmental changes centers around two issues: (a) the avulsion of theGhaggar-Hakra or the old Sarasvati River, and (b) the palaeo-coastline of Gujarat. The research onthese issues have mainly been led by the members of PERG, but linguistic analysis of Vedic texts andMesopotamian cuneiform texts conducted by ICRG have greatly assisted to put the outcomes of theirresearches in proper contexts.
(a) The first issue concerns the long-standing debate about the Ghaggar-Hakra River, identified as themighty Sarasvati River in the Rig-Veda text. Many Indian scholars have thought that it was a big riveras described in the Vedic text, and together with the Indus River it supported the agricultural systemsof the civilization. Our PERG team, however, established through the dating of sand dunes that during
the Indus period no part of the Ghaggar was much bigger than today’s Ghaggar which is rather a small
river highly affected by monsoon. Professor Maemoku presented a paper on this issue in the AGU Chapman
conference in March 2011. His view was subsequently reported in Science Vol. 332 on April 1, 2011.
(b) The second issue concerns the history of trade networks within and outside the Indus societies. Sea
trade between Indus regions and the west has been reconstructed to some extent by the study of
Mesopotamian cuneiform texts. Furthermore, from the artefacts discovered at sites in Gujarat such as
Lothal, we can clearly see that they functioned as centers of trade with Mesopotamia and Africa during
the Indus period. PERG examined the sea level change of Lothal by means of hydro-isostatic modeling andgeological/topographical analysis. They have found that due to the gradual fall of sea level, thisimportant seaport became out of use in the first millennium BC. This suggests that regional
environmental change was responsible, at least to some extent, for the decline of trade along the coastof Gujarat.
As regards networks between different Indus regions, our MCRG team has discovered ample examples forgiving us a detailed picture of how such networks functioned at different levels. To supplement theirfindings, recent study by Dr. Randall Law of University of Wisconsin-Madison depicts complex trade

Research Projects

What have been uncovered from these sites include: a number of structures including a citadel withstone walls, plant and animal remains, and diverse artefacts such as pottery, ornaments and others. At
Kanmer we have found three sealing like pendants with Indus scripts (reported in Science Vol. 328 on
May 28, 2010) and other Indus seals with and without Indus scripts — which provide important data forcontinued efforts to decipher the Indus writing system. At Farmana, we discovered a large-scale burial
ground which has rarely been found in Indus sites except at Harappa. Each of these findings has made asignificant contribution to our understandings of the societies, cultures and subsistence systems of
the Indus civilization. They show that there existed strong regional differences within thecivilization, as well as trade and other networks which united different regions within and outside thecivilization. Detailed analysis of these data has been conducted by the members of MCRG. Part of theoutcome of their analysis was published in the final report on Farmana excavation in March 2011. The
rest will be published in the final report on Kanmer by February 2012.

RIHN

For the first two years the central activities of our project were to excavate Kanmer and Farmana in
India to collect archaeological data. Through this process we obtained a huge amount of data which
helped us depict a detailed picture of the societies and cultures of the two contrasting regions — one
along the coast of Gujarat and the other along the Ghaggar-Hakra River in Haryana — of the Indus
civilization.

46
RIHN Annual Report 2011

routes of different types of mineral resources such as limestone, steatite, carnelian, lapis lazuli,
etc. from the places of origin to big cities like Mohenjodaro, Harappa, Dholavira and others. This
clearly shows that inter-regional trade networks were highly active during the Indus period. Law’svoluminous work has been published as part of our RIHN-Manohar series in August 2011.
The regional variation of the Indus societies and cultures is in part the reflection of the enormous
diversity of natural environment across different regions of the civilization. The Indus civilization
regions comprise the so-called Yellow Belt in the west where agriculture is largely dependent on
irrigation systems, and the Green Belt on the northeast where agriculture depends on monsoon, dissectedby the dry Thar Desert where the current annual rainfall is less than 100 mm. It seems that the climate
during the Indus period was much the same as it stands now. Based on the analysis of archaeo-botanicaldata obtained from Indus sites SSRG has found that the Indus civilization could be divided into three
regions in terms of crops — the winter crop region in the west, the summer crop region along the coastof Gujarat and the mixed crop region in the northeast. Furthermore, Dr. Mallah, a core member of our
project in Pakistan, discovered new Indus sites in the western rim of the Thar Desert where the climate
is very dry. This suggests that some pastoralists lived even in the desert area during the Indus
period. In general, the decline of the Indus civilization seems to coincide with the shift of humanhabitation from the winter crop region to the mixed crop region.
The agricultural systems are highly dependent on main crops. Wheat and rice coexist in South Asia. The
domestication of rice in India is still a matter for debate. We have found some rice remains both at
Farmana and Kanmer but whether they belong to the Indus period or not has not yet been confirmed.
Wheat, on the other hand, was clearly predominant at Harappa and other sites along the Indus River,
i.e. in the winter crop region. Among different sub-species of wheat, (Indian dwarf wheat), the remainsof which were found in several Indus sites, appears to be indigenous to the region and have been themain winter crop alongside of emmer wheat (which was probably brought from Africa) during the Indus
period. The former sub-species was considered to have disappeared from India due to the green
revolution in the late 1960’s. The members of SSRG, however, discovered that it is still being
cultivated in Maharashtra and Karnataka. It is fascinating to see that India has still retained thissub-species which provides us a key to understand the Indus subsistence systems. In this regard India
could be called a (residual area), as it tends to retain her tradition for a long time even in the faceof globalization. Residual areas are naturally areas of diversity, as opposed to spread areas which
tend to be homogeneous (Nichols 1992:193).
To sum up, the achievements of our research teams have so far shown that there was an enormous
diversity both in the natural environment and the societies/cultures of the Indus civilization, and assuch, the causes of its decline are multi-dimensional. It is wrong to assume that all the Indus
societies were dependent on the irrigation-based agriculture. It is natural to consider that thesocieties consist not only of agriculturalists but also traders, pastoralists, and even huntergatherers. The Indus societies must also have been multi-lingual, multi-ethnic and multi-cultural, as
they had such complex and diverse trade and other networks within and outside themselves. The previous
understandings of the Indus civilization were largely based on the assumption that it was analogous tothe other ancient civilizations; they were also mainly based on the reports of excavations at
Mohenjodaro and Harappa. Our project has presented an alternative picture of the civilization which ismuch more rich and diverse.
.

○Project Members◎ OSADA, Toshiki○ UNO, Takao○ OHTA, Shoji○ ONISHI, Masayuki○ KHARAKWAL, Jeewan
Singh○ GOTO, Toshifumi○ SAITO, N.
○ SHINDE, Vasant○ MAEMOKU, Hideaki( RIHN,Professor,Project Leader )( International Research Center for Japanese Studies,Professor,Material culture
research group )( Fukui Prefectural University,Professor,Subsistence system research group )( RIHN,Senior Researcher,Inherited culture research group )( J. R. N. Rajasthan Vidyapeeth University,Assistant Professor,Material culture
research group )( Tohoku University,Professor,Inherited culture research group )( National Institute of Genetics,Professor,DNA research group )( Deccan College,Professor,Material culture research group )( Hiroshima University,Professor,Paleo-environment research group )47
Research Projects○ MASIH, Farzand○ MALLAH, Qasid
AJITHPRASAD, P.

KAWASE, Makoto
KANZAWA, Hideaki
KIMURA, Rikako
KITADA, Makoto
KUMAHARA, Yasuhiro
KUME, Takashi
KENOYER, MarkJonathan
KOISO, Manabu( Kobe Shukugawa Gakuin University,Associate Professor,Material culture researchgroup )
KODAMA, Nozomi( Kumamoto University,Associate Professor,Inherited culture research group )SAKAI, Hideo( Toyama University,Professor,Material culture research group )SATO, Yo-Ichiro( RIHN,Professor,Subsistence system research group )JOGLEKAR, P.P.
( Deccan College,Senior Lecturer,Subsistence system research group )TAKAHASHI, Takanobu ( University of Tokyo,Professor,Inherited culture research group )TAKAHASHI, Yoshiharu( Aichi Prefectural University,Professor,Inherited culture research group )TAKEUCHI, Nozomu( Chiba University,Associate Professor,Paleo-environment research group )TANNO, Kenichi( Yamaguchi University,Assistant Professor,Material culture research group )CHIBA, Hajime( Tohoku Gakuin University,Lecturer,Subsistence system research group )TSUTSUMI, Hiroyuki ( Kyoto University,Associate Professor,Paleo-environment research group )TERAMURA, Hirofumi ( International Research Center for Japanese Studies,Researcher,Material culture
research group )DOYAMA, Eijiro( Osaka University,Lecturer,Inherited culture research group )TOGAWA, Masahiko( Hiroshima University,Associate Professor,Inherited culture research group )NAGATOMO, Tsuneto( Nara University of Education,Professor,Material culture research group )NAKANO, Takanori( RIHN,Professor,Paleo-environment research group )PARPOLA, Asko
( Helsinki University,Professor,Inherited culture research group )FUJII, Masato( Kyoto University,Professor,Inherited culture research group )FUJIMOTO, Takeshi( University of Human Environments,Associate Professor,Subsistence system
research group )POKHARIA, A. K.
( Birbal Sahni Institute of Paleobotany,Associate Professor,Subsistence system
research group )MAEKAWA, Kazuya( Kokushikan University,Professor,Inherited culture research group )MATSUI, Takeshi( University of Tokyo,Professor,Inherited culture research group )MATSUOKA, Hiromi( Kochi University,Associate Professor,Paleo-environment research group )MIURA, Reiichi( Kyoto University,Research Associate,Subsistence system research group )MIYAUCHI, Takahiro ( Chiba University,Professor,Paleo-environment research group )MORI, Naoki( Kobe University,Associate Professor,Subsistence system research group )MORI, Wakaha( RIHN,Senior Researcher,Inherited culture research group )Research Projects

UESUGI, Akinori
ENDO, Hitoshi
UTADU, Tetsurou
EINO, Shingo
OKAMURA, Makoto
OKUNO, Junichi

RIHN

WITZEL, M.
WEBER, Steve( Punjab University,Professor,Material culture research group )( Shah Abdul Latif University, Khairpur,Professor,Material culture researchgroup )( The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda,Professor,Material culture researchgroup )( Harvard University,Professor,Inherited culture research group )( University of Washington,Assistant Professor,Subsistence system researchgroup )
( RIHN,Researcher,Material culture research group )( RIHN,Researcher,Material culture research group )( Miyazaki University,Associate Professor,Subsistence system research group )( University of Tokyo,Professor,Inherited culture research group )( Kochi University,Professor,Paleo-environment research group )( National Institute of Polar Research,Researcher,Paleo-environment researchgroup )( National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences,Research Director,Subsistencesystem research group )( The Graduate Studies for Advanced Studies,Postgraduate Student,DNA researchgroup )( Research Institute on Human-Equids Relationships,Director,Subsistence system
research group )( Osaka University,Associate Professor,Inherited culture research group )( Gunma University,Lecturer,Paleo-environment research group )( RIHN,Senior Researcher,Paleo-environment research group )( University of Wisconsin-Madison,Professor,Material culture research group )48
RIHN Annual Report 2011

YAGI, Hiroshi
YAMAGUCHI, Hiroshi
YUMOTO, Takakazu( Yamagata University,Professor,Paleo-environment research group )( International Research Center for Japanese Studies,Lecturer,Material culture
research group )( RIHN,Professor,Subsistence system research group )○ Future Themes
ACHIEVEMENTS IN FULL RESEARCH
Our research project examines the social character and environmental context of the Indus civilization
and attempts to determine how they are related to the civilization’s short life and rapid decline. In
particular, we aim to evaluate the impact of environmental change on the subsistence economy and trade
network that sustained the Indus civilization’s urban system. Our research has also provided data on
the long-term processes of climate change in South Asia. Such data help us develop historicalperspective on, and practical understanding of, contemporary environmental problems in the region.
The distribution of Indus cites spans a vast area beyond the Indus valley. It covers both arid andhumid areas, and mountainous and coastal areas. Annual rainfall is less than 100mm in the Indus Riverbasin and Cholistan area whereas it is more than 800 mm in the Gujarat area (see Figure 11). As far as
the water management is concerned Indus societies in the coastal area were not dependent on a large
river. Thus the civilization’s natural environment was not homogeneous but heterogeneous, and it is
one of the key factors to understand the Indus civilization.
As Dr. Weber (2011) pointed out the agricultural system of the civilization, in terms of crop, was nothomogeneous, either. It is a well-known fact for South Asianists that the Indian subcontinent has two
types of crops; Kharif (summer) crops and Rabi (winter) crops. Kharif includes rice, millets, mungbean, sesame, grams etc. while Rabi is represented by wheat, barley, lentil, peas etc. According to Dr.
Weber, the Indus region could be divided into three areas; the winter crop area (mainly the present
Sindh and Punjab states of Pakistan), the summer crop area (the present Gujarat state of India), andthe mixed crop area (the present Haryana state of India). Crops are dependent on climate. Different
crop systems of the civilization must reflect different natural environments at that time.
As regards the study of the natural environment surrounding the Indus civilization, PERG produced apreliminary analysis of the sediment core samples obtained from the Rara Lake in Nepal in 2009. PERG
has also established through the dating of sand dunes that, contrary to its description in the Rig-Veda
text (which was transliterated by ICRG), the Ghaggar was not a large river, but a small one capable ofproviding water for agriculture only during the monsoon. Professor Maemoku of Hiroshima University
presented a paper discussing the latter issue at the Chapman Conference on “Climates, Past Landscapesand Civilization” organized by the American Geophysical Union in March, 2011. His presentation was
subsequently reported in Science Vol. 332 on April 1, 2011 (Figure 6).
Another PERG team investigating the palaeo-coast of Gujarat has collected geological and topographicalfield data and analyzed satellite imagery. Their findings coincide with the result of hydro-isostatic
modelling, suggesting that the sea level during the Indus period was two meters higher than it is inpresent-day Gujarat. Thus the ancient seaport of Lothal, Gujarat, an important base for trade with
Mesopotamia, would have become inaccessible by the end of the Indus period. The study of cuneiform
texts conducted by ICRG members and archaeological data obtained at the Kanmer site help us establish
the local evidence for this historical change.
Climate change is recently one of the most widely discussed issues - not only among environmental
scientists but also among all kinds of people who are concerned about environmental problems.
Staubwasser and Weiss (2006) suggest that there were abrupt climate change events such as thewidespread droughts around 8200, 5200 and 4200 cal yr BP, and these events, especially the 4.2 ka
event, led to the collapse of civilizations such as the Akkadian empire and the Indus cities, although“chronological imprecision for the transition from urban Harappan to post-urban remains a problem”(Staubwasser and Weiss 2006: 10). According to their scenario, the cereal agriculture was damaged by
the precipitation diminution due to the 4.2 ka event, followed by the collapse of the politico-economic
superstructure.
Our scenario is not as simple as this. As pointed out by Weber, there were three crop systems(winter, summer, and mixed) and different climate zones (arid areas as well as humid areas affected bysummer monsoon) in the Indus civilization (Figure 10). The situation was quite complex, and we think it
is too simplistic to conclude that an abrupt climate change event, such as 4.2 ka event, directly

49
Research Projects

caused the decline of the Indus civilization. We need to make clear precisely what kind of impact
climate change had on the different regions and societies of the civilization.

The conclusion after our five years’ research on the causes of decline of Indus civilization is thatthe case of the Indus Civilization should be seen as a transformation due to population migration from
Indus river basin to monsoon affected areas, rather than a sudden collapse due to some drastic naturalor social events. This conclusion sounds similar to a suggestion made by Possehl (2003), but some ofthe proposed causes for transformation in his theory are too abstract. For example, he claims nihilism
is one of the causes for the decline of civilization, but I do not think that anybody can prove this.
It seems that his theory is a set of speculation based on his long personal experiences associated with
the Indus civilization. Rather than making any further comments along this line, I just summarize theoutcome of our project in several points, and suggest a set of criteria which would help understanding
the Indus civilization.
(1) The natural environment of the Indus civilization is diverse. The Indus civilization is not simply
dependent on a large river.
(2) The crop system of the civilization could be divided into three types: winter, summer, and mixed.
(3) Complex trade networks existed between diverse societies within the Indus regions, and also withoutside regions such as Mesopotamia.
(4) The decline of the civilization was not caused by a single event but by multi-dimensional factors.
From these points I propose the following criteria for understanding the Indus civilization.
(A) Continuity vs. Discontinuity. We tend to look at the Indus society by drawing an analogy with its
contemporary civilizations such as Egypt and Mesopotamia. Instead of doing this, we should rather
investigate the later Indian society. I think that an analogy can be drawn not with its contemporarysocieties at remote places but with the later societies at the same place.
(B) Multiplicity vs. homogeneity. The Indus society was a multi-ethnic, multi-linguistic, multicultural society just like the modern Indian society is. There coexisted people of diverse professions
such as agriculturalists, pastoralists, merchants, artisans and so on.
(C) Regionalization vs. Centralization. When we talk about an ancient civilization we generally focus
on its centralized system rather than on its regional hegemony. The Indus society, however, had nocentralized power to govern the whole region. Thus we should rather look at the society as a network ofhighly diverse regional hegemony.
(D) Abrupt change vs. gradual change. General readers familiar with the literature on the ancientcivilizations expect the causes of decline of civilizations to be abrupt change. Environment
determinists tend to emphasize a natural collapse or disaster as a main factor while social
determinists tend to think a conquest or an invasion as a prime factor. We should reconstruct the Indus
society on the basis of facts. Thus we avoid putting forward a hypothesis based on environmental andsocial determinism.

●Achievements○Books【Authored/Co-authored】

・Inagaki, Kazuya Feb,2012 RIHN Descriptive Linguistics Series 4 [Chikyuken Kijutsu Gengo Ronshu 4].
RIHN, Kyoto (in Japanese)

Research Projects

It is clear now that the Indus civilization never collapsed due to the simple event such as abrupt
climate change, natural disaster including earthquake and flood, Aryan invasion, etc.

RIHN

As for the decline of the trade with Mesopotamia, our result on sea level change supports thishypothesis. According to PERG, the sea level during the Indus period in the coastal area of Gujarat was
two meters higher than present. So during the Indus period, it must have been easy to secure shiptransportation not only within Indus region but also to Mesopotamia, but this network must have been
gradually out of use by the end of the Indus civilization.

50
RIHN Annual Report 2011

○Editing【Editing / Co-editing】

・Toshiki Osada, Masayuki Onishi (ed.) Mar,2012 Language Atlas of South Asia. Harvard Oriental Series,
Opera Minora, 6. Department of South Asian Studies, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts,
USA, 164pp.
・ Jeewan Singh Kharakwal, Y. S. Rawat, Toshiki Osada (ed.) Mar,2012 Excavation at Kanmer :2005-06-2008-09. RIHN, Kyoto, Japan, 844pp.
・Indus Project (ed.) Feb,2012 Annual Report of the Indus Project 2010-2011. RIHN, Kyoto, 204pp. (inJapanese)・Toshiki Osada, Michael Witzel (ed.) Dec,2011 Cultural relations between the Indus and the Iranianplateau during the third millennium BCE. Harvard Oriental Series, Opera Minora, Vol.7. Department ofSouth Asian Studies, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA, 382pp.
○Papers【Original Articles】

・ Nicholas Evans, Toshiki Osada Aug,2011 Mundari reciprocals. Nicholas Evans, Alice Gaby, Stephen
Levinson and Asifa Majid (ed.) Reciprocals and Semantic Typology.. John Benjamin, Amsterdam,(reviewed).

51
Research Projects

Stage: Full Research
Project No.: H-04
Abbreviated Title: NEOMAP
Project Leader: UCHIYAMA, Junzo

RIHN

Project Name: Neolithisation and Modernisation: Landscape History on East Asian Inland Seas

Research Axis: Ecohistory
Key Words: landscape change, inland seas, Neolithisation, Modernisation, cultural landscape, landscape preservation○ Research Subject and Objectives
1.Research objectives
This project aims at reconsidering the notion of “cultural landscape protection” by way ofreconstructing the historical landscape change on East-Asian inland seas during the two most notable
revolutionary periods in the history of human-nature relations, i.e. Neolithisation and Modernisation,
through the analyses of sustenance activities, trade and mental or cultural structures (politicalsystem, art, literature, festivals etc), climatic and topographical analysis in eight regions on the
shores of East-Asian Inland Sea (Japan and East China Sea). The primary goals of the project are to:(1) Reconstruct the changes in the naturally and culturally conditioned spheres of landscape.
(2) Explicate the functioning of inland seas as a network creating cultural unity and diversity.
(3) Reconsider the idea of “cultural landscape” in order to put the cultural landscape protection
policies into a new perspective. Comparing Neolithisation and Modernisation processes can give us abetter understanding of possible future developments and solutions to present environmental issues.
2.Background
Earlier, there has been an obvious tendency to see the environmental problems as caused by a complex
set of natural processes, whereas the influence of human culture has been often reduced to a simplified“human factor”. Unlike other animals, humans take action towards environment also for non-functional,
philosophical, aesthetic or religious motives. Therefore, as has been understood by the academic
community in recent years, any successful analysis of environmental problems has to deal with humancultures in all their richness and detail. The present project aims at investigating the environmental
issues from the human culture’s point of view through a holistic concept of “landscape”. Landscapeas the stage of humans’ everyday life, is a concept that includes both the visible/ physical side of
the natural environment and cultural/ intellectual side, making possible a holistic analysis of theenvironmental problems at the stage where they arise. On the other hand, landscape is made up ofelements that date back to different historical layers, thus allowing us to reconstruct the historical
process of emergence of the environmental issues. Belonging to the Ecohistory program of RIHN, theNEOMAP project aims at deeper understanding of the historical formation of the global environmental
issues from a very long-term perspective (including prehistory) and through a multidisciplinary andinternational research agenda provided by the concept of landscape. The research is carried out oneight key regions on the shores of East Asian Inland Seas (East China Sea and the Japan Sea), since
historically, the inland sea coastal areas were densely populated and played a major role as worldwide
trading spots and collision spots for various cultures and civilisations. Therefore, it can be said
that these are the most suitable fields for the observation of the interactions between culture andnature (Chase-Dunn and Hall 1997).
In addition, considering that the concept of a “cultural landscape” has become an important issue
in government and international protection programs (e.g. the nomination of national landscapetreasures, UNESCO World Heritage sites, European Landscape Convention), it is crucial to understand thecultural formation mechanisms of protected landscapes and the processes that sustain them.
3.Research methods and organisation
1)Research methods

Research Projects

URL: http://www.chikyu.ac.jp/neo-map/

52
RIHN Annual Report 2011

Since landscape is a holistic phenomenon that entails both a cultural and a natural side, anddevelops through the influence of human practices and interactions of the natural environment, a largepart of landscape research has to be based on qualitative rather than quantitative research methods.
Specific research methods would depend on each discipline (archaeology, anthropology, ethnology, humangeography, physical geography, biology, literature etc) and on the period of study (Neolithisation orModernisation). The research methodology is uniform for all research areas. As a basis for studies onboth Neolithisation and Modernisation, a geographical database will be created in the regions where it
is possible for both of the periods with available cartographical data in the form of both historic andmodern maps, information on the distribution and spatial structure of archaeological sites, and otherrelated data.
2)Organisation
Eight research areas were chosen around the East Asian inland seas to represent the full variety ofcultural and natural settings: Hokuriku, Biwako, Northern Kyushu, Hokkaido, Ryukyu Islands, Northern
Zhejiang, Southern Coast of Korea, Primorye. In order to foster interdisciplinarity, the work-groups(hereinafter: WG) are organised according to regions rather than by research subjects. Each regional WG
includes Neolithisation and Modernisation researchers carrying out research in the area. It is highly
recommendable that each member belongs to at least two of the WGs, in order to facilitate thecomparative discussion between the area groups. Also, Linguistic WG has been created to tackle theoverarching question of landscape perception in language. Information exchange inside the project isfacilitated by frequent WG meetings, general meetings (twice per year until FR3 and yearly in FR4 andFR5) and other seminars. In some cases, the researchers have carried out joint fieldwork.
In addition, there is a GIS-database WG at the RIHN project office that is responsible for thecreation of the database concerning historical landscape in the research areas, aiming at promoting the
integration of the research outcomes through GIS analysis. Further, the project office has hosted an
open monthly seminar in order to communicate various topics related to cultural landscape to themembers and public.
To foster international exchange and promote the project ideas abroad and at the same time to carryout a comparison with the Northern European Inland Seas (Baltic Sea and North Sea), the North European
Inland Seas WG based in UK was created.

○ Progress and Results in 2010
The discussions based on fieldworks up to FR1 brought about the common recognition that the following
themes are indispensable when understanding landscape history under the framework of the East Asianinland seas: (1) The birth and expansion of agriculture, (2) Landscape change at waterfronts, (3)Trades, migration and colonisation as a major force of landscape change, and (4) Travelling andcreation of mental landscape images. On that basis, in FR2 and FR3, the research focus was mainly on
the landscape changes in Neolithisation and Modernisation; while in FR4 and FR5 the emphasis has moved
to the analysis and discussion of the historical dynamics from the perspective of integrative
comparison between the two periods and the roles of the Inland Seas. The major discoveries are
summarized into the following points:(1) Neolithisation was not a revolutionary event marked by the appearance of technologies like pottery
and cultivation, but a much longer process in millennia, which began with the spreading of sedentary
lifestyle and came to an end when agriculture based system appeared and transformed the landscapefundamentally. Further, the worldview of nature-human dichotomy appeared through this process.
(2) Like Neolithisation, Modernisation is a long-term process in centuries that gradually started as
the growing of the socio-economic dependence on inter-regional networks and the division of labour
under pre-modern complex societal systems, and finally resulted in the modern industrialized landscapeunder the globalized market economy. Modernisation has brought about the overall loss of local
landscape diversity and the concept that humans can dominate their natural surroundings through active
exploitation of resources and areal development, which are the essential origin of the present
environmental issues.
(3) Although the actual forms and time periods of Neolithisation and Modernisation vary depending on
local socio-cultural and environmental conditions, they generally follow a similar course except in thecase of colonisation: Starting with a long gradual development under a complex socio-cultural regime,

53
Research Projects

the process finally exceeds a threshold (“landscape boiling point”) marked by decisive events (i.e.
the adoption of farming economy in Neolithisation, and market economy with industrialization inModernisation) inducing a fundamental landscape shift ranging from physical to mental aspects in an
irreversible way.
(4) Through frequent cultural exchange and trading networks, the East Asian Inland Seas havehistorically functioned as a cultural unit. Therefore, it is important to manage, develop and protect
the landscapes beyond the present political divisions, considering the inland seas as a cultural unity
and taking into account its historical landscape formation processes.

RIHN(5) Landscape history is extremely relevant for sustainable management of future landscapes, as it
helps to avoid preserving too many “landscape mummies” (landscape heritage which has lost its
original social context and functions, and thus needs considerable external financial and labouralinvestment for its maintenance) and creating “mock heritage” sites (false heritage without actual
historical relevance to the area). Also, landscape history can be a source of inspiration for new
development and technologies.

Research Projects

Based on the common understanding as mentioned above, the project has made proposals for future
landscape management. The core points can be summarized as follows:(1) Both Neolithisation and Modernisation have an impact on the formation of the present landscape andits future directions in both its physical and mental aspects. This proves the necessity of long-term
historical perspective in landscape conservation policies.
(2) Considering the historical role of the East Asian Inland Seas creating diverse landscapes throughintense interactions, it is necessary to pursue the possibility of international initiatives like theEuropean Landscape Convention making the Inland Seas as a framework in East Asia (“East Asian
Landscape Convention”).
(3) Meanwhile, it is also significant to raise public awareness in landscape topics and to develop
protection policies through grass-root initiatives like NGOs, as landscape is tightly related toeveryday life and any kind of environmental problems has its root in it.
The project outcomes have been published in academic journals/books and presented at various
congresses/symposia in and outside Japan. Further, the project has been editing a special volume for
Journal of World Prehistory for the academia and a three volume
In the FR3, the project members have been engaged in full scale research activities and carried out
thorough field work in their designated areas. The topics that are addressed by the individual
researchers in all the research groups can be divided into four major common themes. (1) The birthandexpansion of agriculture; (2) LS change at waterfronts; (3) Migration and colonisation as a major
force of LS change; (4) Travelling and creation of mental LS images.
As the first volume of landscape series, Higashi Ajia Naikai bunka-ken no keikanshi to kankyou1:
Mizube no tayousei (Landscape History and Environment on the East Asian Inland Seas1: Versatile
Waterfronts) was published. Monthly landscape seminar provided good opportunities for wide-ranging
discussion. The project organized sessions at Society for American Archaeology (SAA), International
Conference of Historical Geographers (ICHG), and some members had presentations at Centre of Excellencein Cultural Theory (CECT) in Estonia. For social activity, we collaborated with Suita city museum inOsaka for the special exhibition of natural history. Series of open class at Muromachi elementary
school is an interesting educational outreach.

○Project Members
AMITANI, Katsuhiko○ BAUSCH, Ilona
BELUSHKIN, Mikhail
Yur‘evich
BORR?, Caroline○ FUKASAWA, Yuriko( Department of Japanese History, Tsuruga Junior College,Professor,Biwako WG,
Analysis of wood utilization )( Department of Archaeology, Leiden University,Lecturer,Hokkaido WG, Hokuriku WG,
N. Kyushu WG, N. Zhejiang WG, Analysis of landscape and trading networks )( Institute of Automatic and Information Technologies, Maritime State University
named after G.I. Nevelskoy,Dean,Primorye WG, Methodology of GIS analysis anddatabase construction )( Biwako WG, N. Kyushu WG, Primorye WG, Modernisation Database WG, Analysis oflandscape and folk stories )( Tohoku University, Graduate School of International Cultural
Studies,Professor,Hokkaido WG, Analysis of Ainu ethnohistory )54
RIHN Annual Report 2011

○ GILLAM, Christopher ( South Carolina Institute of Archaeology and Anthropology, South Carolina
University,Senior Researcher,Advisory Committee, Neolithisation Database WG, GIS
WG, GIS Modelling in Archaeology )GOTO, Yoshiko( Faculty of Education,Yamaguchi University,Professor,Modernisation Database WG,
GIS WG, GIS analysis of food resouces from historical records )HABU Junko( University of California, Berkeley,Professor,Archaeology )○ HARUTA, Naoki( Faculty of Education, Kumamoto University,Associate Professor,N. Kyushu WG
leader, Biwako WG, Analysis of historical records and place names )HASHIMOTO, Michinori( Lake Biwa Museum,Senior Curator,Biwako WG, N. Kyushu WG, Analysis of medieval
temple landscapes and resource use )○ HOSOYA, Aoi( RIHN,Researcher,Ryukyu WG, N. Zhejiang WG, Analysis of subsistence throughanalysis of plant remains )□ HIDAKA, Toshitaka( Kyoto Seika University,Visiting Professor,Ethology, Environmental
epistemology )HONG, SungHeup( Chonnam National University,Professor,Southern Coast of Korea WG, social
anthropology and forklore in Korea )HUDSON, Mark( Nishikyushu University,Associate Professor,Advisory Committee, Theoretical
Research for the Concept of Landscape )○ IIDA, Taku
( National Museum of Ethnology,Associate Professor,Ryukyu WG leader, Research on
maritime resources and local communities )○ IKEYA, Kazunobu( National Museum of Ethnology,Professor,Hokkaido WG leader, Analysis of
agriculture and landscape shifts )ISHIGE, Yumi
( Department of Social System Studies, Otemae University,Associate
Professor,Analysis of mental landscape )ITAKURA, Yudai( Fukuoka City Board of Education,Senior Researcher,N. Kyushu WG, Neolithisation
Database WG, GIS analysis of Neolithisation period )ITO, Shinji( Organaization for the Advancement of Research and Development, Kokugakuin
University,Assistant Professor,Ryukyu WG, Primorye WG, Neolithisation Database
WG, Analysis of landscape history with archaeological materials )JIN, JongHeon( Kongju National University,Associate Professor,Southern Coast of Korea WG, )JIN, PilSu( Institute for cross-culture studies, Seoul National
University,Researcher,Southern Coast of Korea WG, forklore and social
anthropology of Modernization in Korea )JORDAN, Peter( Department of Archaeology, University of Aberdeen,Associate Professor,Advisory
Committee, N. European Inland Seas WG, Cultural Landscapes in Northern Eurasia )KAMEYAMA, Daisuke( Graduate School of Humanities, Tokyo Metropolitan University,Lecturer,Japanese
Linguistics )KAMURA, Nozomi( RIHN,Project Research Associate,Analysis of Literature and Landscape )○ KANER, Simon( The Sainsbury Institute for the Study of Japanese Arts and Cultures,Assistant
Director,Hokuriku WG, Landscape Archaeological reconstruction of Shinano river )○ KIM, Jangsuk( Department of History, Kyung Hee University,Associate Professor,Southern Coastof Korea WG, Agricultural intensification and social hierarchy in S. Korean NLS )KIM, Jongil( Soul National University,Associate Professor,Southern Coast of Korea WG,
Symbolic landscape of S. Korean NLS )□ KOBAYASHI, Tatsuo( Kokugakuin University,Emeritus Professor,Advisory Committee, LandscapeArchaeology in Neolithisation Period )○ KOYAMA, Shuzo( RIHN,Visiting Professor,Neolithisation Database WG, MDS WG, GIS WG, Database
construction and GIS analysis )LEE, Soon- hyeong( Kyong-Bok University,Lecturer,Southern Coast of Korea WG, Linguistic analysisof landscape shifts in Neolithisation )LIM, Sang-taek( Pusan University,Associate Professor,Southern Coast of Korea WG, Settlement
reorganisation and landscape change in S. Korean NLS )○ LINDSTR?M, Kati
( University of Tartu,Researcher,Biwako WG, N. Kyushu WG, Primorye WG, Travelingof mental LS images )LONG, Daniel( Graduate School of Humanities, Tokyo Metropolitan University,Associate
Professor,Ryukyu WG, Hokuriku WG, Linguascape of Ryukyu Islands )○ MAKIBAYASHI, Keisuke( RIHN,Senior Researcher,N. Zhejiang WG leader, Biwako WG, Analysis of
Agriculture and Landscape )MATSUMORI, Tomohiko ( RIHN,Project Research Associate,GIS WG, GIS analysis fo Modernization andlandscape shifts )MIYAMOTO, Shinji( Lake Biwa Museum,Curator,Biwako WG, Southern Coast of Korea WG, Physicalgeographical analysis )55
Research Projects

MIZOGUCHI, Koji

RIHN
Research Projects( Graduate School of Social and Cultural Studies, Kyushu University,Associate
Professor,N. Kyushu WG, Landscape cognition on the basis of archaeological data )MIZUNO, Toshiaki( WWF Japan,Researcher,Biwako WG, Modernisation Database WG, GIS WG, Landscapeconservation )MURAKAMI, Yumiko( Kyoto University Museum,Researcher,N. Kyushu WG, Hokuriku WG, N. Zhejiang WG,
wood tool use and its impact on natural LS )○ NAKAI, Seiichi( Faculty of Humanities, Toyama University,Associate Professor,Hokuriku WG
Leader, N. Kyushu WG, Analysis of landscape cognition in MDS )○ NAKAJIMA, Tsuneo( RIHN,Visiting Professor,Biwako WG, N. Kyushu WG, Hokkaido WG, Southern Coast of
Korea WG N. Zhejiang WG, fish resources )○ NAKAMURA, Oki( RIHN,Project Researcher,Hokuriku WG, Neolithisation Database WG, Hokkaido WG,
Primorye WG, Analysis of landscape history with archaeological materials )NAKAMURA, Shin’ichi( Faculty of Letters, Kanazawa University,Professor,N. Zhejiang WG Leader,
Hokuriku WG, Complex agriculture in Chinese NLS )NISHITANI, Masaru( National Museum of Japanese History,Associate Professor,N. Zhejiang WG, Complex
agriculture in Chinese NLS )ODAGI, Harutaro( Department of Literature, Tenri University,Associate Professor,N. Zhejiang WG,
Cultural influences from northern China in the landscape formation in N.
Zhejiang )ONISHI, Hideyuki( Department of Social System Studies, Doshisha Women's College,Associate
Professor,Hokkaido WG, Rykyu WG, Primorye WG, Ethnohistory and resource use )OTANI, Megumi( RIHN,Project Research Associate,Hokuriku WG, Analysis of Historical Documents
and Landscape )○ POPOV, Alexander( Museum of Archaeology and Ethnography, Far East National University,Director
Nikolaevich
General,Primorye WG Leader, Adaptation to changing maritime environment in
Primorye NLS )QIN, Ling( School of Archaeology and Museology, Peking University,Lecturer,Analysis ofsubsistence through analysis of plant remains )SANO, Shizuyo( Department of Literature, Doshisha University,Associate Professor,Biwako WG,
Ryukyu WG, Study of resource use on the basis of historical records )SASAKI, Shiro( National Museum of Ethnology,Professor,Primorye WG, N. Zhejiang WG, Analysis of
Ethnohistory and landscape shifts of Russian indigenous people )SEYOCK, Barbara( Institute of Japanese Studies, University of Tubingen,SeniorResearcher,Advisory Committee, N. European Inland Seas WG, Analysis of Trading
Networks in Modernisation )○ SEGUCHI, Shinji( Shiga Prefecture Cultural Properties Protection Association,SeniorResearcher,Biwako WG, Hokuriku WG, N.Kyushu WG Neolithisation Database WG,
Analysis of subsistence and landscape shifts in NLS )TABAREV, Andrei V. ( Russian Academy of Sciences, Siberian Branch, Institute of Archaeology andEthnography,Dean,Primorye WG, Ritual LS and burials in NLS )TAKAMIYA, Hiroto( Faculty of Cultural Studies, Sapporo University,Professor,Ryukyu WG, LS change
accompanying immigration to islands )TAKANISHI, Seisuke ( Faculty of Cultural Studies, Kochi Women's University,Associate Professor,N.
Zhejiang WG, Biwako WG Hokkaido WG, LS representations in Chinese literarysources )TAKAOKA, Hiroyuki( Fukuoka University,Professor,Hokkaido WG, Hokuriku WG, N. Kyushu WG,
Supernatural beings in LS )TAKETANI, Toshio( Faculty of Cultural Properties, Osaka Otani University,Associate
Professor,Southern Coast of Korea WG, N. Kyushu WG, Analysis of urban landscapein MDS )TEZUKA, Kaoru( Department of Humanities, Hokkai-Gakuen University,Associate Professor,Hokkaido
WG, Analysis of LS change on islands brought by immigration )TKACHEV, Sergei( Faculty of Social Management, Maritime State University,Dean,Primorye WG,
Viktorovich
Analysis of Landscape History in Modernisation )TORITANI, Yoshifumi ( Japanese Language Research Centre, Osaka Shoin Women's
University,Lecturer,Hokuriku WG, Biwako WG, Linguistic WG, Linguistics analysis
and landscape cognition in MDS )UCHIKADO, Megumi( RIHN,Project Research Associate,Literature )◎ UCHIYAMA, Junzo( RIHN,Associate Professor,Project Leader, Biwako WG Leader, Project Management,
Analysis of resource use and LS change on the basis of animal bones )YAMAGUCHI, Keita( graduate school of Engineering, Kyoto University,Assistant Professor,GIS
analysis of Modernization in Biwako area )YANG, Ping
( Lake Biwa Museum,Curator,Environmental sociology )56
RIHN Annual Report 2011

○ YASUMURO, Satoru○ ZEBALLOS VELARDE,
Carlos Renzo( Department of Economics, Kanagawa University,Professor,Biwako WG, Ryukyu WG, N.
Zhejiang WG, Analysis of subsistence complex and landscape use )( RIHN,Senior Researcher,Modernisation Database WG, GIS WG, Methodology of GIS
analysis and database construction )○ Future Themes●Achievements○Books【Authored/Co-authored】

・YASUMURO, Satoru Feb,2012 Japanese ethnology and livelihood. Keiyu-sha, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 511pp. (inJapanese)
・ JORDAN, Peter / Zvelebil, M May,2011 Ceramics Before Farming: The Dispersal of Pottery Among
Prehistoric Eurasian Hunter-Gatherers. Left Coast Press Inc, California, 589pp.
【Chapters/Sections】

・ JORDAN, Peter Dec,2011 'Material Culture' Perspectives on the Worldview of Circumpolar Hunter
Gatherers. Aubrey Cannon (ed.) Structured Worlds: The Archaeology of Hunter Gatherer Thought andAction. Approaches to Anthropological Archaeology. Equinox, London.
・HASHIMOTO, Michinori Oct,2011 The relationship between fish and human 700years ago – Okushima fishcatching -. Shiga prefectural Lake Biwa Museum (ed.) Lake of life – riddle the secret of Lake Biwa.
Bunichi Sogo Press, Tokyo, pp.152-153. (in Japanese)
・HASHIMOTO, Michinori Oct,2011 Conflict between live or kill - Okushima fish-catching 3 -. Shiga
prefectural Lake Biwa Museum (ed.) Lake of life – riddle the secret of Lake Biwa. Bunichi Sogo
Press, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, pp.156-157. (in Japanese)
・HASHIMOTO, Michinori Oct,2011 Control Fishway – Okushima fish-catching 2-. Shiga prefectural Lake
Biwa Museum (ed.) Lake of life – riddle the secret of Lake Biwa. Bunichi Sogo Press, Shinjuku-ku,
Tokyo, pp.154-155. (in Japanese)
・HASHIMOTO, Michinori Oct,2011 Material Information Networks. Katsuro YAHIRO, Tomoo NUNOTANI, Yasufumi
SATOGUCHI (ed.) Learn at the Museum – Methodology and Discipline of Study on Materials and its Usageand the Storage. Kanagawa, pp.99-113. (in Japanese)
・HOSOYA, L, Aoi Aug,2011 Analyses of Carbonised Remains from the Izumi Saka Shita Site Celamic Jars.
M. Suzuki (ed.) Research of the Izumi Saka Shita Site: Middle Yayoi Reburial Grave with pottery ofhuman face design. Rokuichi Shobo, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, pp.96-97.
・SEYOCK Barbara Apr,2011 Imaging the Ceramic Landscape of Premodern Japan. SCHOTTENHAMMER Angela (ed.)
Crossroads- Studies on the History of Exchange Relations in the East Asian World vol.3. OSTASIEN
Verlag, Grossheirath, Germany, pp.1-20.
・HARUTA, Naoki Apr,2011 History of comparison among generation over use of space of Asozan Mountainhill. YUMOTO, Takakazu (ed.) Field landscape history. Bun-ichi sogo Co.,Ltd., Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo,
pp.229-250. (in Japanese)
・IKEYA, Kazunobu 2011 Asian Culture of Honey Bee and People- Rethinking from 3 viewpoints: history of
economy, biology and ethnogeography. The Society of Biosophia Studies News Letter 24. , pp.6-7. (inJapanese)
・UCHIYAMA, Junzo 2011 Jomon and Yayoi Styles: A Worldview Transition Within Neolithisation in theJapanese Archipelago. Tiina Peil (ed.) The Space of Culture the Place of Nature in Estonia andBeyond. Approaches to Culture Theory, 1. Tartu University Press, Tartu, Estonia, pp.136-152.

57
Research Projects○Editing【Editing / Co-editing】○Papers

RIHN

・JORDAN, Peter ・ DAMM, C. (ed.) 2011 Networking Perspectives on Northern Hunter-gatherers. to beoffered to 'Archaeology of the North' Series. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, (in press).

【Original Articles】

・TEZUKA,Kaoru Nov,2011 Publication of Traditional Knowledge and Utilization as “Social Capital”.
National Museum of Japanese History Research Report (168) :33-62. (in Japanese)
・TEZUKA,Kaoru Sep,2011 As If Cutting Trees with Stone Axes: The island world which Chishima Ainu
adapted to. Monthly Minpaku 35(9) :4-5. (in Japanese)
・KIM,Jong-il 2011 The woman and formation of female identity in Korean prehistory. Journal of Korean
Archaeology (77). (in Hangeul)・NAKAJIMA, Tsuneo, NAKAJIMA, Michiyo, MIZUNO, Toshiaki, SUN, G.-P., HE, S.-P. and LIU H.-Z. 2011 On
the pharyngeal tooth remains of crucian and common carps from the Neolithic Tianluoshan site,
Zhejian Province, China, with remarks on the relationship between freshwater fishing and ricecultivation in the Neolithic age. International Journal of Osteoarchaeology . DOI:10.1002/oa.
1206.Published online in Wiley Online Library.
・ HOSOYA, L, Aoi 2011 Rice Farming in the Landscape of “Manyo-shu”. Manyo Historical ResearchInstitute Annual Report 10. (in Japanese)
・ HOSOYA, L, Aoi 2011 Staple or famine food?: Ethnographic and archaeological approaches to nut
processing in East Asian prehistory. Archaeological and Anthropological Sciences 3(1) :7-17. DOI:
10.1007/s12520-011-0059-y.
○Research Presentations【Oral Presentation】

・TKACHEV, Sergey 2 types of colonization: Hokkaido and South-Ussuri area (late XIX - early XX cent.).
The 80th RIHN Seminar, Mar 02,2012, .
・TEZUKA, Kaoru Archaeological and Historical Overview concerning Rresource, Subsistence and Settlementin the Kuril Islands. Kuril Biocomplexity Project Synthesis Workshop, Oct 31,2011-Nov 02,2011,
Seattle, USA.
・TEZUKA, Kaoru Archaeological and Historical Overview concerning Rresource, Subsistence and Settlementin the Kuril Islands. Kuril Biocomplexity Project Synthesis Workshop, Oct 31,2011, Seattle, USA.
・ONISHI, Hideyuki Diversity and Landscape conservation in Local Community: Livelihood on land support
the ocean’s bounty. COP10 follow-up, Conservation on Marine Biodiversity and Cultural diversity,
The 8th “Marine Biodiversity supported by various culture, October 2011, Nagoya City University,
Nagoya. (in Japanese)
・HOSOYA L, Aoi Traditional Raised-floor Granary in Bali and Its Meaning for Local Community: From thescope of past, present and future of Bali agriculture. The 12th International Conference on Quality
in Research, Jul 04,2011-Jul 07,2011, Bali, Indonesia.
・HOSOYA L, Aoi Exploring the Broad Resource Base of Early Rice Farmers: Processing experiments ofpeach and apricot kernels. Early Rice Cultivation & Its Weed Flora Symposium, May 30,2011-May
31,2011, Bejing University, Beijing, China.
・MAKIBAYASHI, Keisuke Rice Farming Culture in Lower and Middle Yangtze is not One but Diverse. Hemudu
Culture International Forum, , May 27,2011, Yuyao,China.

Research Projects

・ NAKAMURA, Oki Mar,2012 An Interpretation of Stone Circles in the Jomon Period Using GIS andStatistical Analysis. Transactions of the Organization for Advancement of Research and Development
3. (in Japanese) (in print).

58
RIHN Annual Report 2011

・HOSOYA L, Aoi Processing of Wild Food Plants in Neolithic Yangtze Area Ethnographic and experimental
approaches for reconstructing diversity in early rice farmers’ subsistence strategy. Hemudu Culture
International Forum: In Global Perspective, May 26,2011-May 28,2011, Yuyao, China.
・ TAKAMIYA, Hiroto The beginning of agriculture in Ryukyu island = The beginning ofEnvironmentak
Fracture. an Pacific Environmental Chenges and Civilizations, May 2011, Okinawa Prefectural Museum &Art Museum, Naha, Okinawa. (in Japanese)【Poster Presentation】

・ MURAKAMI, Yumiko / Hirokazu Oku / Daisuke Sakuma / Mio Horiuchi / Yasushi Inomoto / Katsue
Fukamachi / Misao Yokoyama / Junji Sugiyama / Katsuhiro Osumi / Takakazu Yumoto / Mechtild Mertz
Wood use inferred from a farmhouse in the Tango Peninsula, Japan. Wood Culture and Science Kyoto
2011, Aug 06,2011-Aug 09,2011, Kyoto.
【Invited Lecture / Honoronary Lecture / Panelist】

・IKEYA, Kazunobu Wild Animals and Human in Japan. The 41st Kinki Folklore Society Annual Conference,
Nov 27,2011, Osaka Museum of History, Osaka. (in Japanese)
・TAKAMIYA, Hiroto The beginning of agriculture in Ryukyu island = The beginning of Environmentak
Fracture. The 65th the Anthropological Society of Nippon General Meeting, November 2011, Okinawa
Prefectural Museum & Art Museum, Naha, Okinawa. (in Japanese)
・MURAKAMI, Yumiko Think ancient tree trimming and lumber techniques. Japan society for scientificstudies on cultural properties open lecture meeting cultural heritage and science- Jomon woodcutter, Oct 29,2011, Kyoto. (in Japanese)
・HARUTA, Naoki Possibility of family register of URA. Study group of family register list of villages
symposium,, Oct 10,2011, Ritsumeikan University, Kyoto. (in Japanese)
・NAKAMURA,OKI Stone Circles and Local Society in the Jomon Period. World Heritage Promotion Forum, Oct
02,2011, Kazuno, Akita. (in Japanese)
・IKEYA, Kazunobu Cultural History of Domesticated Animals in Monsoon Asia. he 24th Hamada Seiryo PrizeAward Ceremony Symposium, Sep 25,2011, Kishiwada City Hall, Osaka. (in Japanese)
・HOSOYA, L, Aoi Rice Farming in the Landscape of “Manyo-shu”. The 8th Manyo Historical ResearchInstitute Open Symposium “Manyoshu and Ethnology”, Sep 25,2011, Manyo Historical ResearchInstitute, Asuka, Nara. (in Japanese)
・ONISHI, Hideyuki Mountain landscape and its cosmology. The 8th Manyo Historical Research InstituteOpen Symposium “Manyoshu and Ethnology” , Sep 25,2011, Manyo Historical Research Institute, Asuka,
Nara. (in Japanese)
・ JORDAN, Peter The Mystery of Early Pottery: Origins and Dispersals in Northern Eurasia. , Aug
07,2011, Wakasa History Museum, Fukui Prefecture.
・HOSOYA, Leo Aoi Traditional Raised-floor Granary in Bali and Its Meaning for Local Community: Fromthe scope of past, present and future of Bali agriculture. The 12th International Conference on
Quality in Research, Jul 06,2011, Bali, Indonesia.
・ ITAKURA ,Yudai Houses start from pit house at FUKUOKA. FUKUOKA city centre for Archaeologicaloperations lecture, “Transition of house and living”, Jun 11,2011, Fukuoka. (in Japanese)
・HOSOYA, L, Aoi Exploring the Broad Resource Base of Early Rice Farmers: Processing experiments ofpeach and apricot kernels,. Early Rice Cultivation & Its Weed Flora Symposium, May 31,2011, Beijing
University, Beijing, China .
・KIM, Jangsuk Neolithization of Korea. , May 22,2011, Department of Geography, Kyung Hee University,
Korea. (in Hangeul)
・ LIM, Sangtaek Toolkits and Subsistence Pattern of Korean Neolithic Period. , May 12,2011,
Choongcheong Cultural Heritage Center, Korea. (in Hangeul)
・ITO, Shinji Formation of Cultural border – Deliberation: Northern limit of Ryukyu Cultural Zone. The
77th Japanese Archaeological Association General Meeting, May 2011, Japanese Archaeological
Association, Tokyo. (in Japanese)

59
Research Projects

・LIM, Sangtaek Pottery Tradition of Korean Neolithic Period. , Apr 27,2011, Bokcheon Musem, Busan,
Korea. (in Mongolian)・KIM, Jangsuk The Neolithic of Korea. , Apr 21,2011, National Museum of Korea, Soule City, Korea. (inHangeul)・LIM, Sangtaek Seopohang Site: Neolithic Culture of Northern Korea. , Apr 07,2011, Busan National
University Museum, Busan, Korea. (in Hangeul)

・HOSOYA, L, Aoi Early Rice Farmers’ Routine-scape in East Asia: Archaeobotanical reconstruction. ,2011, Faculty of Arts, University of Ljubljana, Slovenia.
・HOSOYA, L, Aoi Surviving Tradition and Disappearing Tradition: ‘Old days’ landscape with raisedfloor granaries in Amami Oshima, Japan. , 2011, Anton Melik Geography Institute, Slovenia.

Research Projects

・KIM, Jangsuk The Development of Dwellings in Korean Prehistory. , Apr 05,2011, Korea Land and Housing
Corporation, Seongnam, Korea. (in Hangeul)

RIHN

・UCHIYAMA, Junzo . Doshisha women’s college Department of Information and Media special lecture, Apr
16,2011, RIHN, Kyoto. (in Japanese)

60
RIHN Annual Report 2011

Stage: Full Research
Project No.: R-03
Project Name: Historical Interactions between Multi-Cultural Societies and the Natural Environment in a Semi-arid Region inCentral Eurasia
Abbreviated Title: Ili Project
Project Leader: KUBOTA, Jumpei
Research Axis: Resources
URL: http://www.ilipro.com/index.html
Key Words: arid and semi-arid region Central Eurasia ethnic groups border agriculture nomadic pastoralism historicalinteractions○ Research Subject and Objectives(1) Research objectives and background
Historically, with the exception of those people who lived in oasis areas, people of the semi-arid
region that extend across Central Eurasia once lived a predominately nomadic lifestyle. After a longtransition marked by the rise and fall of various ethnic groups and countries, a tight and well-definedborder divided the region between Russia and Qing China in the 18th century. At the same time, thepeople of this area experienced a great change in their lifestyle, caused by the migration of farmers,
the settlement of nomads and development of agriculture. Settlement policies and borders prevented
these people from following their way of adaptation. Finally, with the weakening of the Soviet Union,
the Russian side of the political frontier was divided into many republics. Man-made trans-boundary
issues, between countries or ethnic groups, religions, agriculture and nomadic pastoralism, commonly
lie behind the various environment problems in the world. This is one of the keys to understanding thepresent environmental problems.
This project aims to study and clarify the historical interaction between human activities andnatural systems in the semi-arid region of Central Eurasia, with particular emphasis on trans-boundary
issues. The project attempts to clarify historical changes, the rise and fall of nomadic groups andcountries, their movements, changes in subsistence patterns, the use of natural resources, and climatechange. At the same time, we will investigate the present status of the area and the effects of humanactivities on the natural environment, with particular emphasis on their historical, social andcultural background.
(2) Research methods
The study area is the Ili River basin, which flows from China to Kazakhstan, terminating at Lake
Balkhash as well as the surrounding areas, including Kyrgyz and Uzbekistan. Geographically, the IliBalkhash Basin is recognized as a fertile area with relatively high precipitation, lying to the northof the Tian Shan Mountains. Central Eurasia is an excellent location for tracing human reactions bothto past climate changes and to anthropogenic activities. In this climatically sensitive area, whichalternates between semi-arid and arid conditions, human influence can be traced historically. In thelast two decades, many paleoclimatic records in this area were derived from ice cores, tree rings, lake
sediments and glacier fluctuations (Thompson et. al., 1995; Marchenko and Gorbunov, 1997; Yao, 1997;
Esper et. al., 2002, 2003; Narama, 2002a, b; Solomina and Alverson, 2004; Treydte et. al., 2006). These
climate reconstructions provide a chance to describe and understand the full range of the natural
climate system behaviour of this region. Also, there was an excellent research project, called “CLIMAN
project”, including the collaboration of archaeology, geomorphology and geology on the humanadaptation to lake level change in the Aral Sea (Boomer et al., 2009). However, Interactions between
environmental changes and human reactions have rarely been studied in multi-disciplinary manner inCentral Eurasia. So, we would like to investigate the area as follows;

61
Research Projectsb) Investigate the present status of the area and the effects of human activities on the naturalenvironment, including their social, religious and cultural background.

(3) Research organizations
The project consists of two research groups: one has clarified historical changes in both humanactivities and natural systems and the other group has investigated the current processes of humanactivities and natural systems. In addition, we have been cooperating with various research
institutions in overseas countries;
Kazakhstan: Institute of Geography; Institute of Archaeology; Kazakhstan Scientific Research Instituteon Problems of the Cultural Heritage on Nomads; Tethys Scientific Society.
China: Cold and Arid Region Environment and Engineering Institute;
Others: Central Asia Deep Ice-Coring Project (CADIP); NESPI; CLAIMAN(4) Significance as a RIHN Project
Historically, human beings have strived to adapt to changes in the environment. This projects aims
not to search for a so-called historical understanding of the rise and fall of the ethnic groups, but
to find the history of adaptations by human beings in semi-arid regions of Central Eurasia, focusing
natural resources use. On the basis of historical analysis, we have tried to investigate the present
environmental problems caused by modern developments in both the former Soviet Union and China withspecial emphasis on man-made boundaries, which is one of the fundamental factors behind present
environmental problems.

○ Progress and Results in 2010
We reconstructed the change of the climate in the area by using various proxies during the past
1,000 years as the basis for understanding the historical interaction between human activities and theenvironment. At first, we reconstructed a series of air temperature variations from tree ring width
records in Kyrgyz (Esper et. al, 2002) and precipitation from the accumulation date at the Guliya icecap in China (Thompson et. al., 1995). Reconstructed temperature and precipitation, and estimated riverdischarge, indicated that the period from AD1000 to AD1500 was warm and dry, while the Little Ice Age(LIA), from 1500 to 1850 was cold and wet. After the LIA, the climate became wet and warm. This longterm trend well corresponds to the reconstructed lake level of Lake Balkhash represented by the ratioof saline and planktonic diatoms, indicating that there was a trend of decreasing lake level from the10th to 13th century, as well as those of the Lake Issyk-Kul (Giralt et. al., 2002) and the Aral Sea(Boroffkka, et. al., 2006). After this significant regression, the lake level showed rapid recovery,
and remained relatively high. Results from other proxies, such as dust and retrieval of glaciers
supported this long-term trend.
We developed a chronological database, showing the rise and falls of settlements. In the northern
piedmont of the Tian Shan Mountains, oasis cities, which were the agricultural centres and tradingbases in the Syr Darya basin of western Turkestan, flourished from the 7th century, while settlements

Research Projectsc) Compare upstream and downstream areas in terms of historical changes and their present status,
looking at both sides of the political border, which used to be the same but have developed
differently, in order to understand the meaning of boundaries on environmental issues.

RIHNa) Clarify historical changes, the rise and fall of nomadic groups and countries, their movements,changes in subsistence, the use of natural resources and climate change through the analysis ofhistorical documents and archaeological investigations as well as various natural proxies such as ice
cores, lake sediment samples, tree rings and wind-blown deposit.

62
RIHN Annual Report 2011

in the Ili River basin were the next to be blessed with prosperity. Most of the settlements were notagricultural bases, but nomadic and trading bases with military use. In medieval times, agriculturaland nomadic peoples lived separately, making full use of eco-environment variations. Their interactions
were a complementary relationship in terms of natural resources use. The climate change caused not only
negative, but also positive effects for agricultural/nomadic production. The warm and dry climate in
the early medieval times might have accelerated the development of agricultural and trading activities,
consequently contribute to the flourishing of the area, especially oasis cities in the Syr Darya basinof western Turkestan. Also, the cold and wet climate in the early LIA, might have affected the declinesof oasis cities and the increase of nomadic activities in the Ili river basin and Dzungaria.
Relocations and changes of subsistence complex patterns were major ways of adaptation.
After the division of the area between Russia and Qing China, the balance between human capability
and the impacts of environmental change, such as climate change, drastically altered. The establishmentof a clear political border between Russia and Qing China shifted patterns of human-environmental
interaction in the region.
In Kazakhstan, this process could be divided into several stages. After the expansion of Russia, thefirst attempt at changing subsistence from nomadic pastoralism to agriculture, in association with thesettlement of nomadic people started from the late 19th century. The collectivization of the
agricultural sector from 1929 triggered serious social confusion in Kazakhstan, resulting in the lossof a large number of nomadic populations. In the Virgin Lands Programme of Khrushchev's Agricultural
Policy, Kazakhstan was forced to become one of the major crop production areas in the Soviet Union,
causing excessive development which ignored environmental capacity and exerted significant impact on
the area. In addition, these development policies were applied while ignoring and destroying
traditional social systems. Especially, newly applied production system including the division oflabour, together with the migration of skilled peoples from other countries as leaders for collective
farms, prevented the accumulation of agricultural knowledge, and also caused the loss of traditional
knowledge of nomadic pastoralism. The collapse of the Soviet Union caused the deterioration of terms oftrade in the agricultural sector. The amount of state purchase and subsidies was reduced. Consequently,
many farmlands developed during the planned economy were abandoned. This reduced the pressure on
natural resources, ironically resulting in the recovery of the ecosystem. At the same time, peoples
labouring in divided systems were provided rather small farmlands as a result of privatization. But
they could not manage their own privatized land because of their limited knowledge of subsistence. This
caused a serious economic crisis, and made recovery to difficult.
In China, the commencement of modern development had been delayed, not starting until the 1950’s.
Agricultural development led by the Chinese Qing Dynasty was limited. After the first development
period in the 1960’s in which grassland in plain areas was converted into farmland for growing
cereals, the traditional nomadic pastoral system was well preserved by using natural grassland in themountains. The second development was made by converting cereals to other cash crops, causing noserious damage to natural resources, such as land and water. Recent development after 2000 including
industrial development, however, has been very active. The increasing demand for natural resources andconsequent pollutions is projected.

○Project Members◎ Kubota, Jumpei( RIHN,Associate Professor,Project leader )Historical reconstruction group (Humanities and Social Sciences)○ Uyama, Tomohiko( Hokkaido University,Professor,Historical Analysis in Kazakhstan )○ Kato, Yuzo
( RIHN,Assistant Professor,Analysis of Chinese documents )○ Sugiyama, Masaaki( Kyoto University,Professor,Historical analysis on Yuan Dynasty )○ Chengzi( RIHN,Senior Project Researcher,Historical Analysis on Manchuria documents )Izumi, Takura( Kyoto University,Professor,Archaeological investigation on subsistence inmedieval time of Kazakhstan )Onuma, Takahiro( Tohoku Gakunin University,Lecturer,Historical analysis in China )63
Research Projects

Research Projects

Historical reconstruction group (Natural science)○ Sohma, Hidehiro( Nara Women’s University,Professor,Analysis of archaeological monument using
satellite images )○ Takeuchi, Nozomu( Chiba University,Associate Professor,Ice core analysis, Glacier biology )○ Fujita, Koji
( Nagoya University,Associate Professor,Ice core analysis, Glacier discharge
modelling )Uetake, Jun( National Institute of Polar Research,Research fellow,Ice core analysis, Glacierbiology )Uehara, Shogo( Kyoto University,Graduate Student,Analysis of arid zone ecosystem )Endo, Kunihiko( Nihon University,Professor,Lake sediment core analysis )Okamoto, Sachiko( Nagoya University,Graduate Student,Ice core analysis )Koshima, Ichiro( Kyoto University,Professor,Ice core analysis )Kobayashi, Osamu( Ehime University,Associate Professor,Tree ring analysis )Komorhi, Jiro
( Nihon University,Lecturer,Lake sediment core analysis )Kondo, Reisuke( Nihon University,Research fellow,Lake sediment core analysis )Sato, Akio
( Nihon University,Graduate Student,Lake sediment core analysis )Shimizu, Hitoshi( University of Tokyo,Graduate Student,Lake sediment core analysis )Sugai, Toshihiko( University of Tokyo,Professor,Lake sediment core analysis )Sera, Shuntaro( Chiba University,Graduate Student,Ice core analysis )Chiba, Takashi( University of Tokyo,Graduate Student,Lake sediment core analysis )Nakazawa, Fumio( National Institute of Polar Research,Research fellow,Ice core analysis )Nagatsuka, Naoko( Chiba University,Graduate Student,Ice core analysis )Nakayama, Yasunori ( Nihon University,Professor,Analysis on land use change using satellite images )Narama, Chiyuki( RIHN,Project Researcher,Analysis of Glacier discharge, Glacier distribution
using satellite images, GIS database )Haraguchi, Tuyoshi ( Osaka City University,Associate Professor,Lake sediment core Analysis, Sonic
Sounding )Funada, Ryo( Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology,Professor,Tree ring analysis )Matoba, Sumito( Hokkaido University,Assistant Professor,Ice core analysis )Miyake, Takayuki( National Institute of Polar Research,Research fellow,Ice core analysis )RIHN

Ono, Hiroshi( Kyoto Tachibana University,Professor,Historical analysis on Yuan Dynasty )Hua, Li( Osaka Keiho University,Professor,Historical analysis in China )Wu, Yue( Osaka Keiho University,Professor,Historical analysis in China )Shiraishi, Noriyuki ( Niigata University,Professor,Archaeological analysis )Sugiyama, Kyohiko( Komazawa University,Associate Professor,Archaeological investigation on
subsistence in medieval time of Kazakhstan )Naiki, Satoshi( Kyoto University,Graduate Student,Archaeological analysis in Central Asia )Noda, Jin
( Waseda University,Assistant Professor,Historical Analysis in Kazakhstan )Hayashi, Toshio( Soka University,Professor,Archaeological analysis in Central Asia )Fujimoto, Yu( Doshisya University,Graduate Student,Archaeological investigation on
subsistence in medieval time of Kazakhstan, Development GIS database )Furumatsu, Takashi ( Kyoto University,Assistant Professor,Historical analysis in China )Hori, Sunao( Historical analysis in Central Asia )Miya, Noriko( Kyoto University,Assistant Professor,Historical analysis in China )Murakami, Nobuaki( Soka University,Lecturer,Historical analysis in China )Moriya, Kazuki( Osaka Shoin Women's University,Lecturer,Analysis of Chinese documents )Baipakov, Karl
( Institute of Archaeology, Kazakhstan,Director, Professor,Archaeologicalinvestigation on subsistence in medieval time of Kazakhstan )Boroffka, Nikolaus ( German Archaeological Institute,Senior researcher,Archaeological investigation
on subsistence in medieval time of Kazakhstan )Voyakin, Dimitry( Institute of Archaeology, Kazakhstan,Research fellow,Archaeologicalinvestigation on subsistence in medieval time of Kazakhstan )Yerofeyeva, Irina( Kazakhstan Scientific Research Institute on Problems of the Cultural Heritageon Nomads,Director, Professor,Analysis on historical documents and maps )Zhulduzbek,( Institute of History and Ethnology, Kazakhstan,Professor,Analysis of
Abylkhozhin
agricultural development in Kazakhstan )64
RIHN Annual Report 2011

Murata, Taisuke
Minami, Yuichiro
Montani, Hiroki
Abake, Guljianati
Aizen, Elena M.
Aizen, Vladimir B.
Aubekerov, Bolat
Deom, Jean-Marc
Sala, Renato( Tottori Prefecture,Assistant Researcher,Lake sediment core analysis )( Osaka City University,Graduate Student,Lake sediment core analysis )( University of Tokyo,Graduate Student,Lake sediment core analysis )( Chiba University,Graduate Student,Ice core analysis )( University of Idaho,Associate Professor,Ice core analysis )( University of Idaho,Professor,Ice core analysis )( Kazakhstan Scientific Research Institute on Problems of the Cultural Heritageon Nomads,Senior researcher,Lake sediment core analysis )( Kazakhstan Scientific Research Institute on Problems of the Cultural Heritageon Nomads,Senior researcher,Development GIS database of Archaeologicalinformation )( Kazakhstan Scientific Research Institute on Problems of the Cultural Heritageon Nomads,Senior researcher,Development GIS database of Archaeologicalinformation )Present status research group (Humanities and Social Sciences)○ Konagaya, Yuki
( National Museum of Ethnology,Professor,Analysis of nomadic system andagriculture in Central Asia )○ Yoshida, Setsuko( Shikoku Gakuin University,Associate Professor,Analysis of nomadic system )Asamura, Kamilya( Tohoku University,Graduate Student,Analysis of water resources management )Abe, Kenichi( RIHN,Professor,Analysis of agriculture development in Kazakhstan )Iwashita, Tomohiro ( Hokkaido University,Professor,Analysis of policies and economy in Kazakhstan )Endo, Takahiro( University of Tsukuba,Associate Professor,Analysis of water resourcesmanagement )Ohji, Toshiaki( Kyoto University,Emeritus Professors,Analysis on Agricultural system )Ozaki, Takahiro( Kagoshima University,Associate Professor,Analysis of Nomadic system andagriculture in China )Kazato, Mari
( Kyoto University,PD Research Fellow,Analysis of Nomadic system and agriculture
in Kazakhstan )Kajiura, Takeshi( Rissho University,Graduate Student,Analysis of Nomadic system and agriculture
in Kyrgyzstan )Kodama, Kanako( Chiba University,Associate Professor,Analysis of Nomadic system and agriculture
in China )Simada, Yoshihito( Nagoya University,Professor,Analysis of Nomadic system and agriculture in
China )
Shinjilt( Kumamoto University,Associate Professor,Analysis of Nomadic system andagriculture in China )Chida, Tesuro( University of Tokyo,Graduate Student,Analysis of policies and economy on
agriculture in Kazakhstan )Nakamura, Tomoko( Tohoku University,Research fellow,Analysis of Nomadic system and agriculture in
China )
Nobe, Koichi( Senshu Univerisity,Professor,Analysis of policies and economy on agriculture in
Kazakhstan )Watanabe, Mitsuko( RIHN,Project Researcher,Analysis of present status, especially land use changeusing satellite images,GIS database )Rasulov, Zaur
( Analysis of water resources management )Yerlan Abdievich( Kyoto University,Graduate Student,Analysis of agricultural development in
Akhapov
Kazakhstan )Present status research group (Natural science)○ Funakawa, Shinya( Kyoto University,Professor,Soil analysis )○ Matsuyama, Hiroshi ( Tokyo Metropolitan University,Associate Professor,Analysis on precipitation andclimate changes in Central Asia )○ Yoshikawa, Ken( Okayama University,Professor,Analysis of arid zone ecosystem )Anzai, Toshihiko( Tottori University,Graduate Student,Analysis on irrigation system andagricultural system )Ogawa, Kenta( Rakuno Gakuen University,Associate Professor,Analysis of arid zone ecosystem )Kadono, Atsunobu( Tokyo Metropolitan University,Assistant Professor,Soil analysis )Kitamura, Yoshinobu ( Tottori University,Professor,Analysis on irrigation system and agricultural
system )65
Research Projects

Kozan, Osamu
Sakamoto, Keiji
Shimizu, Katsuyuki- Reconstruction of the climate changes and human activities concerning the use of natural resources
such as land and water will be finalized. This work will be accomplished through quantitative
validation using the hydrological model which includes anthropological processes such as irrigation. We
plan to apply our model not only on the Ili-Balkhash basin, but also the Aral Sea basin.
- We plan to investigate decision making processes of the development plans in the Ili River basin and
the Aral Sea under the planned economy in the USSR era using historical documents. Detailed analysis
about these processes would contribute how we establish proper environmental governance.
- We will publish the outcomes of our researches as a book series in three or four volumes. Each volume
will be collectively written by several authors. This work should contribute to knowledge not only bydispatching the results to academic societies, but also for integrating outcomes.
- We plan to hold a workshop/symposium in Almaty, Kazakhstan, inviting cooperative researchers fromoverseas countries. The main purpose of this workshop/symposium is to feed back our findings andoutcomes to the public, and especially to local researchers, engineers and planners.

Research Projects○ Future Themes

RIHN( Kyoto University,Associate Professor,Hydrological Modeling )( Okayama University,Professor,Analysis of arid zone ecosystem )( Tottori University,Lecturer,Analysis on irrigation system and agricultural
system )Tsujimura, Maki
( University of Tsukuba,Associate Professor,Hydrological analysis using Isotope
date )
Natsuhara, Yoshihiro( Nagoya University,Professor,Analysis of arid zone ecosystem )Horino, Haruhiko( Osaka Prefecture University,Professor,Analysis on irrigation system andagricultural system )Matsunaga, Kohei( RIHN,Research Fellow,Geographical Analysis )Morioka, Cocoro( Kyoto University,Graduate Student,Soil analysis )Morimura, Atsuro( University of Human Environments,Associate Professor,Analysis of arid zone
ecosystem )Morimoto, Yukihiro ( Kyoto University,Professor,Analysis of arid zone ecosystem )Watranabe, Tsugihiro( RIHN,Professor,Analysis on irrigation system and agricultural system )Jashenko, Roman( Institute of Zoology, Kazakhstan,Senior researcher,Evaluation of impacts ofagricultural development in Kazakhstan )66
RIHN Annual Report 2011

Stage: Full Research
Project No.: R-04
Project Name: Environmental Change and Infectious Disease in Tropical Asia
Abbreviated Title: The RIHN Ecohealth Project
Project Leader: MOJI, Kazuhiko
Research Axis: Resources
URL: http://www.chikyu.ac.jp/ecohealth/
Key Words: ecohealth, environmental change, infectious disease, malaria, liver fluke, filariasis, water-borne diseases, tropicalmonsoon Asia

○ Research Subject and Objectives
Objectives: The RIHN ecohealth project studies the effects of human societal and environmental changes
on the ecology of diseases such as malaria, dengue fever, opisthorchiasis (liver fluke infection),diarrhea disease in tropical monsoon Asia. Population increase and migration, urbanization,
deforestation, spread of wet rice cultivation, economic development, changes in livelihood andlifestyle, modernization and globalization are the factors transforming the ecological relationships.
The project also investigates the relation between climate changes (temperature, rainfall, flood, etc.)
and infectious diseases (water-borne diseases etc.).
Basic concept: Health, wellbeing and survival of human being in the long-run are the ultimate goal of
mitigation of and adaptation to global environmental changes (at least from human points of view).
Health is one of the key indicators of sound environment. Without sound environment for human life andsurvival, human health cannot be improved and sustained. Human health must be understood ecologicallyas well as medically as a part of the earth system. This view of health, ecohealth, is the basic
concept of this project. Human health is global common asset sustained by many environmental and social
factors.
Background: Human infectious disease is an outcome of biological interaction between pathogens andhuman beings. It is directly related to both the ecology of pathogens and the ecology of human beings.
The ecology of pathogens is a part of the environment of human beings, while the ecology of humanbeings is a part of the environment of pathogens. Therefore, all the infectious disease necessarily has
links with environments. Moreover, incidence of many human infectious diseases is related with nonhuman reservoirs and/or vectors of the pathogens. Incidence of vector-borne diseases such as malaria isrelated to the ecology of pathogens, vectors, and humans (and of non-human reservoirs in some species).
Climate change, deforestation, expansion of wet rice fields, and other natural and social environmental
changes must have a large impacts on epidemiology and endemiology of infectious diseases through theirimpacts on their ecology. The ecological settings of human being, vectors, and pathogens have beenchanging very rapidly in tropical monsoon Asia because of man-made environmental changes in this area.
How the environmental changes in tropical monsoon Asia have effects on the endemiology and epidemiologyof the diseases is of interest of the RIHN ecohealth project.
Contributions to global environmental issues: Unlike medical control programs/projects which usually
aim at short-term problem-solving approaches of infectious diseases, this project tries to understandthe fundamental relations of human life/livelihood and ecology of pathogens and vectors by making
trans-disciplinary and integrated approaches. The project would provide a long-term view of humansurvival and health toward the future.
Research methods and area: 1) Long-term observation of a local population in Lahanam area, Songkhonedistrict, Savannakhet province, Lao PDR by establishing Health and Demographic Surveillance System(HDSS). Since 2005 we are following about 4,500 residents there. We introduced paperless IT-HDSS in2010 and expand the area covering 7500 residnets. In Bangladesh, we use data from the Matlab HDSS andothers. 2) Collection and analyses of community-based information on environmental changes and healthincluding infectious diseases. 3) Collection and analyses of national-based information on
environmental changes and health including infectious diseases (analyses should be the district level
and/or provincial level). 4) Discussion on global ecohealth concept.

67
Research Projects

The Bangladesh Study Group in collaboration with the International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease
Research, Bangladesh (ICDDR,B) is studying the relationship between the effect of the Indian Ocean
Dipole and the incidence of cholera in Dhaka. This group is also studying the long-term effects offlood on morbidity and mortality in Matlab. Another Bangladesh Study Group in collaboration with the
Ministry of Health and Family Welfare is studying epidemiology of rabies nation-widely, andepidemiology of filariasis in the north-western part of the country.
The China Study Group investigates how social and environmental change affects vulnerability of healthin the Greater Mekong Subregion. There are many vulnerable populations, including male and femalecommercial sex workers, IV drug users, migrant urban labourers, poor rural farmers, ethnic
minorities, and international migrants. The Yunnan Health and Development Research Association (YHDRA)
is conducting researches to improve ecohealth of the vulnerable population. Prevalence of HIV/AIDS
among vulnerable peoples is studied. The China History Study Group is making database of control ofmalaria and schistosomiasis in the 20th Century. Disease profile of the colonial Indochina is alsostudied.
The Integration Group collaborates with other international project on ecohealth. The project tries tocontribute to the establishment of concept of ecological health. At the same time, this concept must be
reflected into the change of human behaviour, disease control and health promotion. Under this newconcept, the project seeks to provide people with new measurements and/or tools to improve thepopulation health.

○ Progress and Results in 2010
(1) Establishing Health and Demographic Surveillance System (HDSS) and the integrated study on
infection with liver fluke (Opisthorchis viverrini) in Lahanam area, Savananakhet Province, Lao PDR.
The study team focuses on which effects the changes in lifestyle accompanied by the modernization of

Research Projects

The Vietnam Study Group in collaboration with Nagasaki University Institute of Tropical Medicine, theKhanh Phu Malaria Center of Khanh Hoa Province, and others is focusing on transmission of new humanmalaria, Plasmodium knowlesi (Pk) in humans as well as in monkeys. The Group found a very high mixinfection of Pk with P. vivax in humans. The Group started the multi-disciplinary study of malariology,
entomology, primatology, forestry, epidemiology and social science. The team also check the prevalenceof Pk near the border to Lao and Sepone.

RIHN

Project Organization: Several research groups comprise our project. The Lao Study Group iscollaborating with the National Institute of Public Health (NIOPH), Savannakhet Provincial Health
Department and other institutions. The main study sites are the Lahanam health zone of Songkhonedistrict and Xepon distirct of Savannakhet province. The Lahanam Study Group’s research examines
patterns of liver fluke infection of Opisthorchis viverrini (Ov), a parasital infection associated with
consumption of raw freshwater fish. In 2010-2012, the principal objectives of this group are to: 1)
Expansion and maintenance of the Lahanam Health and Demographic Surveillance System (HDSS) and analyse
life expectancy and causes of death; 2) Study on parasitology and epidemiology of Ov; 3) Study the
relation between modern irrigation/wet-rice cultivation and liver fluke infection; 4) Study fish andsnail ecology, fishery ecology, and consumption of fish, and; 5) Determine feasible educational,
behavioural, and/or environmental control of liver fluke infection. Studies on young child and school
health and nutrition are also under way in this area. The Xepon Study Group is developing an integrated
ecological and medical approach to malaria control in this malaria hot zone. This group established amobile phone-based health information network system covering all 158 villages in Xepon. Land-coverstudies and satellite image analysis (ALOS) were conducted in Lahanam and Xepon. In 2010 this group
found the very high mortality of young children among farmers in mountain. The principal objectives ofthis group in 2011-2012 are to: 1) Maintain the Xepon Health Information Network in order to monitor
monthly incidence and mortality of malaria and other diseases; 2) Analyze the relation of forest coverchange, settlement, subsistence, mosquito population/ecology with malaria endemiology/epidemiology; 3)Analyze the environmental and societal changes within the Banhiang River catchment area (a tributary of
the Mekong River), including rainfall, flood, land-cover/use, and water quantity and quality; 4)Analyze the effects of the Vietnam War on the occurrence of malaria. The Xepon HDSS shall be introduced
in 2011.

68
RIHN Annual Report 2011

paddy cultivation and the economic development have brought on infection with liver fluke in this area.
The study team established HDSS for the first time in Laos in order to monitor the changes in thehealth profile of the local people for the long term. The target population reached 7,000 in 2008. The
study team introduced a new data collecting method with the use of PDA in February 2010. The study teamalso conducted groundtruthing with reference to the satellite image of the area in 2009. The study teambegan to trace the daily activities of the local population with the use of the GPS and acceleration
sensor along with interview. The study team also has conducted stool examination for several times tofind out parasite eggs. Based on these researches, the study team proposed a hypothesis that thechanges in water environment accompanied with modernization have affected the spacial distribution ofboth liver fluke and the vectors such as Bithynia snails and Cyprinidae fish. The study team started an
ecological survey on the intermediate hosts in 2010 in order to validate the hypothesis. The projectco-sponsored the fourth National Health Research Forum of Laos in October 2010.
(2) Study on the dynamics between malaria infection and the deforestation in Sepone district,
Savannakhet Province, Lao PDR. The project aims to understand dynamic relation of malaria anddeforestation in this area on the Vietnamese border. Malaria is endemic in this area. The project set
up the mobile phone network which links the villages in remote mountainous area to the district
hospital in order to effectively monitor the malaria infection cases in remote villages. The project isalso analyzing the land coverage with the use of satellite imagery and groundtruthing. This land
analysis put forward a hypothesis that a recent deforestation might affect the malaria infection
dynamics among the local people. The project focused on the relationship between the ecology of vector
mosquitoes and the forest vegetation in 2010, finding that the forest is much damaged by the bombing
during the Vietnam War. Detail demographic anthropological study was also done finding very high young
child mortality.
(3) The project conducted the study on the relation between climate and infectious disease in Matlab incollaboration with ICDDR, B, Nagasaki University, and the London School of Hygiene and Tropical
Medicine. The project also collaborated
with the Ministry of Health of Bangladesh. The Second
International Symposium on Climate Change and Neglected Tropical Diseases was conducted in September
2010 in Dhaka, where the RIHN Ecohealth Project proposed the Bangladesh National Preparedness for
Climate Change by campaining public environmental hygiene to reduce the abundance of mosquitos andflies.
(4) The project studied the historical dynamics of infectious diseases in Yunnan Province. The
historical study traces the demise of malaria and schistosomiasis with official records of the disease
control. Field survey collecting oral history was made. The project also focuses in a current
perspective on the effects of the mobile population increase accompanied with the market reform on theinfectious diseases such as STD, HIV/AIDS and TB. The project collaborates with Yunnan University
Center for Environmental Hsitory, Yunnan Health and Development Research Association (YHDRA), andKunming Medical University in various field survey. The project conducted community ecohealth survey in
10 villages. The 5th Symposium on Chinese Environmental Issues “International Symposium on Development
and Environment, Livelihood, and Health in Shouthwestern China” was held in Kunming on
November 2010 .The symposium was organized by the RIHN Initiative for Chinese Environmental Issues incooperation with Yunnan University.

○Project Members◎ MOJI, Kazuhiko○ MASCI-TAYLOR,
Nicholas CG○ KOBAYASHI, Shigeo( Research Institute for Humanity and Nature (RIHN),professor,project leader:human ecology and population health )( Cambridge University, UK,professor,bio-anthropology )( Kyoto University, Graduate School of Asian and African Area
Studies,professor,agro-forestry )○ IIJIMA, Wataru( Aoyama Gakuin University Faculty of Letters,professor,history, history of
disease control policies in East and Southeast Asia )○ AHMED, Kamurddin( Oita University Institute of Scientific Research,associate professor,molecularepidemiology )○ HASHIZUME, Masahiro ( Nagasaki University Institute of Tropical Medicine,assistantprofessor,environmental epidemiology, climate change and health )○ SUNAHARA, Toshihiko ( Nagasaki University Institute of Tropical Medicine,assistant professor,vector
ecology and entomology )69
Research Projects○ YAMAMOTO, Taro
○ KOBAYASHI, Jun○ BOUPHA, Boungnong

Research Projects( ICDDR, B, Bangladesh,department head,environmental microbiology )( University of East Anglia, UK,professor,environmental epidemiology )( Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Bangladesh/ IACIB,director,
professor,epidemiology and cotrol of neglected tropical diseases )○ RAHMAN, Mamudur( IEDCR, Bangladesh,director, professor,epidemiology )○ TOMITA, Shinsuke( University of Tokyo Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences,assistantprofessor,area study of Southeast Asia )○ ASAKURA, Takashi( Tokyo Gakugei University,professor,health sociology )○ TOJO, Bunpei( RIHN,project researcher,area study and GIS )○ CAI, Guoxi( RIHN,project researcher,social epidemiology )○ NISHIMOTO, Futoshi ( RIHN,project researcher,social anthropology )○ KANEKO, Satoshi( Nagasaki University Institute of Tropical Medicine,professor,epidemiology )○ ITO, Makoto( Aichi Medical University,professor,parasitology )FUKUSHI, Yuki
( RIHN,project researcher,Chinese history of hygiene system )JIANG, HongWei( RIHN,project researcher,human ecology )IWASA, Mithuhiro( National Museum of Ethnology,research fellow,medical anthropology and ethics )ICHIKAWA, TOMO
( Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Lecturer,Japanese history of hygiene system )IWASAKI, Shinpei( RIHN/JSPS,posdoc researcher,environmental study )WATANABE, Chiho( University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine,professor,environmental
toxiology and human ecology )MURAYAMA, Nobuko( Niigata University of Health and Welfare,professor,public health nutrition andhuman ecology )TAKAGI, Masahiro( Nagasaki University Institute of Tropical Medicine,professor,medical
entomology )○ NAKAZAWA, Shusuke( Nagasaki University Institute of Tropical Medicine,assistantprofessor,malariology )MAENO, Yoshimasa( Fujita Health University,associate professor,moleculer biology )WATANABE, Hisami( Ryukyu University,professor,environmental immunology )TSUZUKI, Ataru( Nagasaki University Institute of Tropical Medicine,posdoc researcher,entomology
and public health )ABE, Tomoko( Nagasaki University Institute of Tropical Medicine,posdoc researcher,publichealth nursing of malaria )KANO, Shigeyuki( NCGM Research Institute,department head,malariology )IWAGAMI, Moritoshi ( NCGM Research Institute,research fellow,malariology )XANGSAYARATH,( Nagasaki University Institute of Tropical Medicine/NIOPH,grad
Phonepadith
student,malariology )SOURAXAY, Phrommala ( National Institute of Public Health, Lao PDR,deputy director,public healthmanagement )PANOM, Phongmany( Savannakhet Provincial Health Department, Lao PDR,director,public healthadministiration )SAMLANE, Phompida( Center Of Malariology, Parasitology And Entomology, Lao
PDR,director,malariology )CRAVIOTO, Alejandro ( ICDDR, B, Bangladesh,director/professor,microbiology )CAIRNCROSS, Sandy( London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine,professor,tropical environment
health )WAGATSUMA, Yukiko( Tsukuba University Graduate School of Comprehensive Human
Sciences,professor,epidemiology and international health )HAYASHI, Taiichi( Kyoto University Diseaster Prevention Research Institute,associate
professor,meteorology )RIHN○ KOUNNAVONG,
Sengchanh○ PONGVONGSA,
Tiengkham○ ISLAM, Sirajul○ HUNTER, Paul○ HOSSAIN, Moazzem( Nagasaki University Institute of Tropical Medicine,professor,international
health )( National Center for Global Health and Medicine (NCGM),group head,parasitology
and international health policy )( National Institute of Public Health (NIOPH), Lao PDR,director/professor,publichealth policy )( Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences/NIOPH,seniorresearcher,maternal and child health and nutrition )( Savannakhet Malaria Station, Lao PDR,director,malaria and parasitology )70
RIHN Annual Report 2011

TERAO, Toru
MURATA, Fumie
TANIMURA, Susumu
GOTO, Kensuke
TOMOKAWA, Sachi
FARUQUE, A.S.G.
NONAKA, Daisuke
SATO, Megumi
AOYAGI, Kiyoshi
MORITA, Eitaro
KITAMURA, Hitoshi
ZHANG Konglai
ZHANG Kaining
ZHOU Qiong
LI Yushang
MORINAKA, Koichi( Kagawa University,associate professor,meteorology )( Kochi University,assistant professor,meteorology )( Hyogo Prefectural University,associate professor,spatial epidemiology )( Nagasaki University Institute of Tropical Medicine,assistant professor,disaster
information studies )( Shinshu University,assistant professor,health education and school health )( ICDDR, Bangladesh,senior researcher,clinical chemistry )( University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine,assistantprofessor,international health and malariology )( Niigata University,assistant professor,parasitology and helminthology )( Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences,Professor,Hygieneand Public health )( Asia Health and Education Fund (AHEF),Secretary general,international
cooperation )( AHEF,President,international cooperation )( Union Medical Colledge, Beijing, China,Professor,public health )( Yunnan Health and Development Research Association, China,Professor,publichealth )( Yunnan University,Professor,environmental history )( Shanghai JiaoTong University,Professor,environmental history )( Non Profit Organization Asia Health and Education Fund,Member,International
medical cooperation, Project management )○ Future Themes
Activities scheduled in FY2011-12:
April
Lao Ecohealth Reseaarch Meeting (RIHN), 8: Bangladesh Ecohealth Research Meeting (Kyoto Univ.),
May
HIV field survey in Lao. and seminars in Yunnan, China and Laos
June-July
Ecohealth Education/Promotion Research Meeting (RIHN), Research in July-August:
HDSS meeting at Nagasaki
The Third International Conference on Lao Studies@Khon Kaen, Thailand;
Field survey in Xepon and Lahanam;
HIV/ AIDS survey in Savannakhet
August:Field survey in Xepon and Lahanam
September-November
24 Bangkok Lao Ecohealth Research Meeting (Mahidol Univ.)
25-28 Parasitological Rsearch in Lahanam, 29-30 The
29-30 The 5th Lao National Health Reserch Forum@Vientiane, Laos
December:
Project Annual Meeting@RIHN; RIHN Projects Workshop
Jan-Mar 2012:
Field survey in Laos, Bangladesh and China
Malaria meeting in Vietnam

71
Research Projects

Stage: Full Research
Project No.: R-05

Abbreviated Title: Arab subsistence project
Project Leader: NAWATA Hiroshi
URL: http://arab-subsistence.jzz.jp/
Key Words: Arab societies, Alien invasive species control, Environmental impact assessment, Human life support
mechanisms, Post-oil era, Universal access to scientific data

○ Research Subject and Objectives【 Research Objectives 】
This project will examine life support mechanisms and self-sufficient modes of production among Arabpeoples who have survived in dryland environments for more than a millennium. Using the research
results, we will propose a scientific framework to strengthen subsistence productivity and combat
livelihood degradation in local Arab communities in preparation for the post-oil era.
【 Background 】
Japan and the oil-rich countries of the Middle East have put excessive pressures on the earth’s
energy, water, and food resources. In prioritizing economic prosperity, these countries have exploited
irreplaceable resources, such as fossil fuel and fossil water. Schemes to plant alien species have also
placed stress on local ecosystems. This pattern of development has increased social and economic
differences within the Middle East just as the region faces a turning point in modern oil-basedindustrial development. Fossil fuel–based interdependencies must now be transformed into new relations
that can support viable future societies.
This project focuses on human subsistence ecosystems of the region: low energy-intensity life-support
mechanisms and modes of production, such as hunting, gathering, fishing, herding, farming, andforestry. In doing so it also reflects on the role of advanced technologies in economic development,
and measures adopted thus far to combat desertification. Field research investigates keystone species,
ecotones, and traditional knowledge and examines the sustainability of subsistence economies undersite-specific conditions.
【 Research Methods 】
Field surveys are conducted in semi-arid lands between the Nile River and the Red Sea in Sudan, with
the Red Sea coast, Butana area, and Nile River areas as the main survey areas. Additional surveys will
be conducted at the Sinai Peninsula in Egypt, the Red Sea coast in Saudi Arabia, and a Saharan oasis in
Algeria. We will compare keystone species, ecotones, and traditional knowledge and examine differencesin the sustainability of subsistence economies under site-specific conditions.
We will develop and implement our study of human subsistence ecosystems around three main areas:
1) comprehensive measures to control the alien invasive species mesquite
2) assessment of the environmental effects of development programs in coastal zones of the arid tropics
to prevent the emergence of new environmental problems3) sharing of research results to support local decision making.
Our research method combines two main approaches:(1) analysis of subsistence ecosystems, focusing on keystone species such as camels, date palm, dugong,mangrove, and coral reefs

Research Projects

Research Axis: Resources

RIHN

Project Name: A Study of Human Subsistence Ecosystems in Arab Societies: To Combat Livelihood Degradation for the
Post-oil Era

72
RIHN Annual Report 2011(2) examination of the sustainability and fragility of Arab societies, focusing on the ecotones such as
wadi beds, riverbanks, mountainsides, and seashores.
【 Project Organization 】
The members of this project include social and natural scientists, members of local NGOs and project
managers, who are divided into four study groups: 1) Alien invasive species control group, 2) Coastalzone environmental impact assessment group, 3) Support for local decision making group, and 4) Local
ecosystems comparative studies group.
(1) Alien invasive species control group
In the1980s, mesquite (Prosopis spp.) was considered an ideal tree for combating desertification due
to its high capacity to stabilize sand dunes, survive inhospitable environments, and provide fuel,timber, fodder, and edible pods. However, although mesquite seedlings failed to establish on sanddunes, they became well established within oases, where they lowered water tables and suppressed native
vegetation. The invasion of mesquite has not only changed regional ecosystems, but has also led tolivelihood degradation in local communities.
The interdisciplinary research teams will develop comprehensive measures to control this invasive
species. These teams will be comprised of specialists from various backgrounds including scientists
based at universities and institutions; members of nongovernmental organizations (NGOs);consultants;project managers of international organizations and development institutions; and local
people with various social roles, including tribal leaders, technicians, and villagers.
(2) Coastal zone environmental impact assessment group
Mangrove ecosystems in the coastal zones of the arid tropics can be important sources of energy forsurrounding terrestrial ecosystems. These areas are rich in biodiversity, and great potential exists
for seafood and pastoral food production by reforesting mangroves to sustain fish nurseries and provide
safe foraging sites. One of the most interesting aspects of food habits along the coastal zone of thearid tropics is the local dependence on hunting, gathering,and fishing of sea products (fish,shellfish, dugong, dolphin, and sea turtles). Therefore, in terms of arid land food production, we
should consider the potential of sea product development as a principal element of future diets.
On the other hand, the conversion of sea water to fresh water in coastal zones presents a large
development frontier. However, it may also lead to environmental degradation as highly concentrated
saline water is released into the sea. Many coastal towns and cities have developed solar-powered
desalination plants, which have made agriculture and forestation possible in remote areas.We will
examine this issue and compile information to help guard against new environmental problems arisingfrom development.
(3) Support for local decision making groupResearchers must widen the public domain for scientific findings and provide universal and equitable
access to scientific data and documents. However,relatively few research results are accessible tolocal people in local languages, with the exception of some brochures and books published anddistributed by international organizations.
This situation reduces the usefulness of research results in local decision making as well as innational policy development. Thus, to support local decision making, we plan to provide our research
information through print and digital devices in Japanese (to create a bridge between Japanese and Arabsocieties), English (the common language of science communities), and Arabic (the common language of
local communities in the study region).
(4) Local ecosystems comparative studies group
In human subsistence ecosystems (social ecosystems) in Arab societies, camels,date palm, dugong,mangrove, and coral (reefs) are assumed to be key stone species. These species support diverse
communities, and their extinction could lead to the disappearance of other species, including even

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Research Projects

human communities.The survival of these species likely depends greatly on wise uses of combinations ofenvironmental factors in ecotones, a socio-ecological niche in dryland environments of the Middle East.
The study group on human subsistence ecosystems in Arab societies will examine Arab communities andIslamic civilization from the viewpoint of energy flow.

Assessing the environmental effects of development programs in coastal zones of the arid tropics

By mangrove afforestation, production of mangrove branches and leaves as feed for domesticatedanimals such as camels and regeneration and expansion of mangrove forest as fish nursery can be
expected. Therefore, it has potential to support recovery of natural environments and stable supply ofhuman diet in coastal zones of the arid tropics.
On the other hand, the coastal zones presents a large development frontier, therefore, it may also
lead to environmental degradation such as destruction of mangrove forests, coral reefs, and seagrassbeds and releasing highly concentrated saline water into the sea. In order to suggest frameworks for a
new environmental assessment with community participating for prevention of global environmental
problems, which differ from pardoner-like assessment based on convicted development plan, we haveconducted multi-principal studies focusing on mangroves in the coastal areas of Sudan, Egypt, and Saudi
Arabia, surrounding the Red Sea.
Based on studies on the forest structure, the morphological adaptation to environmental stresses, andthe water-use characteristics determined by isotope analysis of Avicennia marina, we found the treeheight gradient along soil salinity and the negative effect of soil salinity on the growth in leaf dry
weight, inter node length and shoot length. We also found in some forests that appropriate camel
feeding might promote the growth of leaves and shoots in A. marina.
We have collected 3100 leaf samples along the Red Sea Coast (417 leaves from 13 forests in Egypt;1228 leaves from 25 forests in Sudan; 1455 leaves from 24 forests in Saudi Arabia) and started DNA
analysis by using the micro satellite method. We expect to clarify the mangrove forest dynamics and theprocess of distribution changes in the coast by analyzing genetic diversity in a large regional scalein the Red Sea.
Under the harsh environmental conditions in the arid land, seeds of A. marina were people’s
emergency food and its branches and leaves were important feed for camels during the long distancecaravan trade. By studying on the mangrove use and the historical human interaction indicated byboats’ structures, functions, and names, we can argue concretely the human subsistence ecosystems on
the Red Sea.
By concluding MOU between the Red Sea University, a principal institution of marine science in Sudan,
and the RIHN in 2011, full-scale field survey: behavioral studies of dugongs in seagrass beds using
biologging; study on grazing area and browsing pressure of camels by GPS in A. marina forests;
anthropological study on fishing culture at fishing villages, are now underway.

○Project Members◎ Nawata, Hiroshi( Research Institute for Humanity and Nature,Associate Professor,Cultural
anthropology, Social ecology )○ Sakata, Takashi( Faculty of Science and Engineering, Ishinomaki Senshu
University,Professor,Nutrient physiology )○ Hoshino, Buho
( College of Agriculture, Food and Environment Sciences, Rakuno Gakuen
University,Professor,Remote sensing and GIS )○ Babiker, Abdel Gabar( Sudan University of Science and Technology,Professor,Bio-chemistry )E.T.
Yasuda, Hiroshi( Tottori University,Associate professor,Hydrology )Inoue, Tomoe( Arid Land Research Center, Tottori University,Assistant professor,Plant
physiology )Ushida, Kazunari( Kyoto Prefectural University,Professor,Microbial ecology and physiology )Research Projects

The local people have historically depended on sea products (fish, shellfish, dugong, dolphin,and sea
turtles) for their diet in unique coastal ecosystem of the arid tropics: coexistence of mangrove
forests (dominant species: Avicennia marina) and coral reefs and complex relationship of the both.

RIHN○ Progress and Results in 2010
Major Achievements:

74
RIHN Annual Report 2011

Hakoyama, Fumiko
Fujii, Yoshiharu( Faculty of International Studies, Meiji Gakuin University,Part-time
lecturer,Development studies )( Graduate school of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo University,Professor,Biochemistry )( Ishinomaki Senshu University,Associate professor,Plant physiology )( Tottori University,Project researcher,Hydrology )Yoda, Kiyotsugu
Abdel Basit,
Muhammad
El-Fatih, Muhammad ( Agricultural Research Cooperation,Researcher,Weed science )Abdel Magid, Afaf A.( Agricultural Research Cooperation,Researcher,Biochemistry )ElKhalifa, Abdel( Sudan University of Science and Technology,Associate professor,Forest/
Wadoud A.
products/ Charcoal )Eldoma, Ahmed( Sudan University of Science and Technology,Associate professor,Tree
Mohamed Adamphysiology )Taha, Awad K.
( Sudan University of Science and Technology,Associate professor,Entomologist /Biological control )Mohamed, Abdalla( Sudan University of Science and Technology,Associate professor,Entomologist /A.H.
Biological control )Elrasheed, Mutasim ( Sudan University of Science and Technology,Associate professor,Agricultural
Mekki Mahmoud
Economist/ Environmental economics )Hussin, Mohamed( Sudan University of Science and Technology,Associate professor,Agricultural
Badawi
Extension/ Extension education )Makki, Hattim Makki ( Sudan University of Science and Technology,Associate professor,Food
Mohamedtechnology )Ahmed, Ahmed Elawad ( Sudan University of Science and Technology,Associate professor,Food quality andElfaki Mohamedsafety )Ati, Shadia Abdel( Sudan University of Science and Technology,Associate professor,Physiology ofdigestion and nutrition )Ahmed Idris, Yousif ( Sudan University of Science and Technology,Associate professor,Food
Mohamedtechnology )Gaiballa, Abdelaziz ( Sudan University of Science and Technology,Professor,Remote sensing and range
Karamalla
management )El Tayeb, Nagat( Ministry of Agriculture, Sudan,Remote sensing & range management,Weed science )MubarakIbrahim, Mobamed( Sudan University of Science and Technology,Assistant professor,Forestry )Elgamri A.
Mohamedain, Mahgoub,( Sudan University of Science and Technology,Lecturer,Remote sensing and GIS )Suliman○ Miyamoto, Chiharu( Action for Mangrove Reforestation,Trustee,Plantation )○ Yoshikawa, Ken( Graduate School of Environmental Science, Okayama University,Professor,Forest
ecology )Arai, Nobuaki( Kyoto University,Associate professor,Aquatic bioscience informatics )Kishi, Akira( Shin-nippon Environmental Research Co. Ltd.,President,Marine biology )Ichikawa, Kotaro( Research Institute for Humanity and Nature,Project researcher,Bioacoustics )Kogo, Kiyomi( Action for Mangrove Reforestation,Senior researcher,Plantation )Kogo, Motohiko( Action for Mangrove Reforestation,Chairman,Plantation )Suda, Seiji( Action for Mangrove Reforestation,Researcher,Plantation )Takayama, Haruo( Kajima Technical Research Institute,Chief Research Engineer,Plant ecology )Nakashima, Atsushi ( Wakayama University,Professor,Plant ecology )Nakamura, Ryo( Research Institute for Humanity and Nature,Project researcher,Cultural
anthropology )Hori , Nobuyuki( Nara University,Professor,Geography )Matsuo, Naoko( Mie University,Associate professor,Forest hydrology )Miyagi, Toyohiko( Touhoku Gakuin University,Professor,Environmental topography )Teraminami, Tomohiro( Graduate School of Environmental Science, Okayama University,Graduate
student,Plant physiology )Al-Wetaid, Abdullah ( National Comission for Wildlife Conservation and Development, Saudi
H.
Arabia,Manager of Department of Plant Studies,Plant ecology )Sambus, Anas Zubeir ( National Comission for Wildlife Conservation and Development, Saudi
Arabia,Manager of Marine Research,Marine biology )75
Research Projects

Tarik, Al-Abbasi
Khushaim, Omar

( National Comission for Wildlife Conservation and Development, Saudi
Arabia,Director of Terrestrial Researches,Plant ecology )( National Comission for Wildlife Conservation and Development, Saudi
Arabia,Director of Marine Research,Marine biology )( Wadi El Gemal National Park, Egypt,General Manager,Geology )RIHN
Research Projects

Mohamed, Abbas
TahoonAmgad Ali El-Shaffai( Wadi El Gemal National Park, Egypt,Assistant General Manager,Ocean )Tamer, Mahmoud( Wadi El Gemal National Park, Egypt,Assistant General Manager,Botany )Abdelwahab, Afefe( Egyptian Environmental Affairs Agency, Egypt,Environmental
Abdelwahab
Researcher,Agronomy )○ Laureano, Pietro( Traditional Knowledge World Bank, Italy,Director,Architecture )○ Abu Sin, Abdalla M. ( Gezira University,Trustee,Socio-economics )A.
○ Shinoda, Kenichi( National Museum of Nature and Science,Head of the Division & Curator of theCenter for Molecular Biodiversity Research,Physical Anthropology )Watanabe, Tsugihiro ( Research Institute for Humanity and Nature,Professor,Agricultural engineering )Manger, Leif
( Bergen University,Professor,Social anthropology )Abdel Hadi A, W. M. ( Agricultural Research Cooperation, Sudan,Associate Professor,Water management )MohamedOnuma, Hiroyasu( Appropriate Agriculture International Co.,Researcher,Village development )Kodama, Kanako( Chiba University,Associate professor,Cultural anthropology )Takaki, Keiko( Obirin University,Professor,Cultural anthropology )Meziani, Rim( Abu Dhabi University,Assistant professor,Urban planning )Abdel Bagi M. Ali( Agricultural Research Cooperation, Sudan,Professor,Plant physiology )Okamoto, Yoko
( Research Institute for Humanity and Nature,Project research associates )Wan, Na( Research Institute for Humanity and Nature,Project research
associates,Humanity )Mizuma, Sakiko( Research Institute for Humanity and Nature,Project research associates )○ Kawatoko, Mutsuo( Research Institute for Islamic Archaeology and Culture,Director,Islamicarchaeology )○ Benkhalifa,( Ecole Normale Supérieure de Kouba Algérie,Lecturer,Fungology )Abdrahmane
Ishiyama, Shun( Research Institute for Humanity and Nature,Project researcher,Cultural
anthropology )Kume, Takashi( Faculty of Agriculture, Ehime University,Hydrology )Nagasawa, Ryota( Tottori University,Professor,Remote sensing )Kubota, Junpei( Research Institute for Humanity and Nature,Professor,Forest hydrology )Suzuki, Hideaki( The Toyo Bunko, Research fellow,Graduate student,History )Nishimoto, Shin'ichi( Cyber University,Professor,Architecture )Ota, Keiko( University of Tokyo Center for Philosophy,Research fellow,History )Ozaki, Kikuko( National Defense Academy of Japan,Lecturer,Islamic culture, History )Kikuchi, Hiroko( Kitakami City Archaeological Operation Center,Research fellow,Archaeology )Sakamoto, Tsubasa( Waseda University,Graduate student,Archeology )Shimada, Yoshihito ( Nagoya University,Professor,Religious anthropology )Shindo, Yoko
( College of Literture, Aoyama Gakuin Unversity,Part-time lecturer,Islamicarchaeology )Takahashi, Nobuo( Hanamaki City Museum,Director,Archaeology )Maruyama, Daisuke( Kyoto University,Graduate student,Cultural anthropology )Yasuoka, Yoshifumi ( Vienna University of Technology,Graduate student,Architectural History )Ishikawa, Hiroki( Tokyo University of Foreign Studies,Assistant professor,History )Shinoda, Ken'ichi( Department of Anthropology, Division of Human Evolution, National Museum of
Nature and Science,Head of the Division,Natural taxonomy )Sekihiro, Naoyo( Kyoto Prefecture Research Center for Archaeological
Properties,Researcher,Archeology )Seo, Akihiro( Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University,Academic affairs assistant,Plant
taxonomy )Endo, Hitoshi( Research Institute for Humanity and Nature,Visiting researcher,Archeology )76
RIHN Annual Report 2011

El-Hadj, Hamadi( Aulef Junior High school,Teacher,Education )ahmad
Hutiyah, Muhammad( Adrar University,Professor,History )Wassila, Benslimane ( Ecole Normale Supérieure Kouba Algérie,Part-time teacher,Biology )Tamoud, Benfetima( Centre National de développement des Ressources Biologiques,
Algérie,Researcher,Biology )○ Future Themes
In the next year, we will present a persuasive contention by connecting the particular factual dataand integrate the result of analysis for “Human subsistence ecosystems in Arab societies”. For
example, by comparing trees (wild species: A. marina, domesticated species: date palm, and alien
invasive species: Prosopis spp.), we will reevaluate them as new resources for energy and food. Also wewill compile books “How do we live without oil? (RIHN book series, in Japanese)”, “Human subsistence
ecosystems in Arab societies (9 volumes, in Japanese)” to conclude the study results.

●Achievements○Books【Chapters/Sections】

・Kogo M. and Kogo K. Apr,2011 "Report of the 2010 research done in Bahariya, Wadi el Hitan and Gebel
Qatrani, Egypt". Research Institute for Humanity and Nature & Action for Mangrove Reforestation(ed.) A Journey into the 40 Million Year Old Mangroves along the Tethys Sea. RIHN, Kyoto, pp.1-4.
・Nakamura, R. 2011 "Seafood Preservation and Economic Strategy of the Dried Fish Trade in Kilwa
Kisiwani, Southern Swahili Coast, Tanzania". Sam Maghimbi, Isaria N. Kimambo, and Kazuhiko SUGIMURA(ed.) Comparative Perspectives on Moral Economy: Africa and Southeast Asia. Dar es Salaam University
Press, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, pp.273-291.
【Translations / Joint Translations】

・Takaki, K., with Ookawa, M., Hosoi, Y., Uno, Y., Imahori, E., Tsujigami, N. Jan,2012 "Chuto Kita
Afurika ni okeru Jendah: Isuramu Shakai no Dainamizumu to Tayousei". Sekai Jinnken Mondai Sousho,
No.79. Akashishoten, Tokyo, 412pp. Translation of Zahia Smail Salhi (ed.) Gender and Diversity in
the Middle East and North Africa. , London(U.K.), 198pp.
○Papers【Original Articles】

・ Ozaki, K. Mar,2012 "Pans in the Medieval Islamic World". Journal of Islamic Area Studies,
Organization for Islamic Area Studies, Waseda University (vol.4) :25-33. (in Japanese)・Nawata, H. Mar,2012 "Relationship between Human and One-humped Camels in the Coastal Zones of Arid
Tropics: An Anthropological Case Analysis of the Beja on the Red Sea Coast of Eastern Sudan". AfroEurasian Inner Dry Land Civilisation 1 :67-73.(reviewed).
・Nakamura, R. Mar,2012 "Maritime Environments of Swahili Civilizations: The Mangrove Inland Sea ofKilwa Island, Tanzania". Afro-Eurasian Inner Dry Land Civilisation 1 :75-83.(reviewed).
・Ishiyama, S. Mar,2012 "Human mobility in the drylands of sub-Saharan Africa :The southward migrationof the Kanemubu and drought in the Lake Chad region". Afro-Eurasian Inner Dry Land Civilisation 1 :85-97.(reviewed).
・Sakata, T. Mar,2012 "Main use of camels and recent transition of productions of camel milk and camel
meat in major camel-rearing countries". Bulletin of Ishinomaki Senshu University 23 :23-39. (inJapanese)・Takaki, K. Jan,2012 "Actual State of Democratization Process in Tunisia: An examination from a local
context". Ajiken World Trend: A Special Issue on the Spring of the Arab and Structural
Transformation of Middle Eastern Politics (196) :24-29.

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Research Projects

・Yoda, K., Hoshino, B., Ahmed Eldoma and Yasuda, H. Dec,2011 "Comparative study of growth pattern ofMesquite (Prosopis sp.) seedlings among different soil water resumes". R. Kimura et al (ed.) Annual
Report, Tottori University Arid Land Research Center, 2010-2011. Tottori University Arid Land
Research Center, Hamasaka, Tottori, pp.55.

・Hoshino, B. Oct,2011 "The invasion species of mesquite in Sudan and Sahara desert ②– The series of
the Earth is dry". Dairy Journal 64(10) :46-47. (in Japanese)

・Hoshino, B. Sep,2011 "The invasion species of mesquite in Sudan and Sahara desert ①– The series of
the Earth is dry". Dairy Journal 64(9) :46-47. (in Japanese)
・Ishiyama, S. Sep,2011 "Change of Human Subsistence in the Sahara Oasis-Water supply, farm expansion
and habitation movements through a case study of In Belbel oasis in Algerian Sahara". Journal of
Arid Land studies 21(2) :67-69.(reviewed).
・Hoshino, B., Yonemori, M., Manayava, K., Abdelaziz Karamalla GAIBALLA, Yoda, K., Mahgoub SULIMAN,
Mohamed ELGAMRI, Nawata, H., Mori, Y., Yabuki, S., Aida, S. Jul,2011 "Remote sensing methods for theevaluation of the mesquite tree (Prosopis juliflora) environmental adaptation to semi-arid Africa".
IEEE IGARSS 2011(1) :1910-1913.(reviewed).
・Takaki, K. Jul,2011 "Tunisian Revolution and an alternative public sphere". Africa Summer(No.2) :42-45.
・Ichikawa, K., Akamatsu, T., Arai, N., Shinke, T. and Adulyanukosol, K. Jun,2011 "Callback response ofdugongs to conspecific chirp playbacks". Journal of Acoustical Society of America 129(6) :3623-3629.
(reviewed).
・Hoshino, B., Nawata, H., Jia, R., ABDELAZIZ Karamalla, and Yoda, K. Apr,2011 "Remote Sensing Methodsof Vegetation and Surface Run-off Change in Eastern Sudan Area". Journal of Rakuno Gakuen University
35(2) :33-43.(reviewed).
・Nakamura, R. Apr,2011 "Multi-ethnic Coexistence in Kilwa Island, Tanzania: The Basic Ecology and
Fishing Cultures of a Swahili Maritime Society". SHIMA: The International Journal of Research into
Island Cultures 5(1) :44-68.(reviewed).
・ Hoshino, B., Hasi Bagan, Nakazawa, A., Kaneko, M., Kawai, M. 2011 "CLASSIFICATION OF CASI-3
HYPERSPECTRAL IMAGE BY SUBSPACE METHOD". IEEE IGARSS :1-4.(reviewed).
・Hoshino, B., Yonemori, M., Karina Manayeva, Abdelaziz Karamalla, Yoda, K., Mahgoub Suliman, Mohamed
Elgamri, Nawata, H., Mori, M., Yabuki, S., Aida, S. 2011 "Remote sensing methods for the evaluationof the mesquite tree (Prosopis juliflora) environmental adaptation to semi-arid Africa". IEEE IGARSS(1) :1910-1913.(reviewed).
○Research Presentations【Oral Presentation】

・Yoda, K., Tsuji, W., Inoue, T., Saito, T., Mohamed Abd Elbasit, Ahmed M.A. Eldoma, Magzoub K.M. Ali,
Hoshino, B., Nawata, H. and Yasuda, H. Evaluation of initial growth properties of Mesquite (Prosopis
juliflora (Swartz) DC) in rapid expansion. R&D in Dry Lands, DRI & DLRC Joined Seminar, Feb 22,2012,
National Center for Research, Sudan.
・Komiyama, S., Ichikawa, K. and Arai, N. Development of software for extracting contours of animal
vocalization. The 8th International Symposium on SEASTAR2000 and Asian Bio-logging Science (The 12th
SEASTAR2000 Workshop), Feb 20,2012-Feb 21,2012, Bangkok, Thailand., “Development of software forextracting contours of animal vocalization”. , Feb 20,2012-Feb 21,2012, .

Research Projects

・Nawata, H. Sep,2011 "Water Study for Peace: What I Learned from Professor Iwao Kobori in China,
Tunisia, Egypt, and Algeria (2005-2010)". Journal of Arid Land Studies 21(2) :63-66.(reviewed).

RIHN

・Nakamura, R. Nov,2011 "People Living with Wind and Tide: Fish Fence Fishing of Kilwa Island, Southern
Swahili Coast, Tanzania". BIOSTORY 16 :68-69. (in Japanese)

78
RIHN Annual Report 2011

・ Ishiyama, S., Nawata, H., Mutasim Mekki M. E.,Mussab Hassan A. Agriculture in Islamic Area ofRepublic of the Sudan -A Study of Regional Socio-Ecosystem, Local Agricultural Practice, andTraditional Knowledge To Manage Root Parasitic Weed in Rain-Fed Agricultural System of Semi-Arid
Zone, Gadarif State, Sudan. 5 th Intaernational Symposium on “Religious Dynamics of Contemporary
Africa concerning the destruction of Traditional Life Mode and New Religious Movement, Nov 27,2011Nov 28,2011, . (in Japanese)
・Damiani, G., Ichikawa, K., Lanyon, J. Acoustic characteristics of dugong vocalizations and vocal
behaviour of herds in southern Queensland, Australia. Fifth International Sirenian Symposium 2011,
Nov 27,2011, Tampa, Florida, USA.
・ Ichikawa, K., Adulyanukosol, K., Akamatsu, T., Arai, N., Ando-Mizobata, N., Shinke, T. Spatial
distribution patterns of solitary, cow-calf pairs and vocalizing dugongs around Talibong Island,
Thailand. 19th biennial conference on the biology of marine mammals, Nov 27,2011-Dec 02,2011, Tampa,
Florida, USA.
・Ichikawa, K., Akamatsu, T., Adulyanukosol, K., Damianni, G. and Lanyon, J. Intraspecific variation in
vocal repertoire among dugong populations. The Fifth International Sirenian Symposium 2011, Nov
27,2011, Tampa, Florida, USA.
・Ishiyama, S. Interactive relations between an environmental NGO and inhabitants inthe southern fringeof the Sahara. 22thAnnual meeting of Japan Society for International Development, Nov 26,2011-Nov
27,2011, Nagoya Univ. Nagoya, Japan. (in Japanese)
・Inoue, T., Yamauchi, Y., Eltayeb, A.H., Samejima, H., Ueno, K., Babiker, A.G., Sugimoto, Y. Gas
exchange and stomatal response of root hemi-parasite Striga hermonthica and sorghum under soil water
stress. The 46th Meeting of the Japanese Society for Chemical Regulation of Plants, Nov 01,2011-Nov
02,2011, Utsunomiya, Japan. (in Japanese)
・Hakoyama, F. Provision of Drinking Water in Rural Areas in Burkina Faso. the International Symposiumon Sustainable Water Management, Oct 28,2011, Hokkaido University.
・Yoda, K., Tsuji, W., Inoue, T., Mohamed Abd Elbasit, Ahmed M.A. Eldoma, Magzoub K.M. Ali, Hoshino,
B., Nawata, H. and Yasuda, H. Evaluation of the response of Mesquite seedlings to dry conditions.
International Symposium-Mesquite invasion and land degradation in Sudan, Oct 13,2011, Arid Land
Research Center, Tottori University.
・Nawata, H. Understanding the Mesquite Issues at the Village Level in Sudan: To Combat a Negative
Heritage of "Combating Desertification". International Symposium "Mesquite invasion and landdegradation in Sudan: Overview", Oct 13,2011, Arid Land Research Center, Tottori.
・Yoshikawa, K. Eco-physiological Study on Mangroves along the Red Sea Coast (tentative). RIHN/RSU MOU
Symposium - RED SEA STUDIES: Retrospect and Prospect, Oct 04,2011, RIHN.
・Nawata, H. Red Sea Studies in RIHN 'Arab Subsistence' Project. RIHN/RSU MOU Symposium "Red Sea
Studies: Retrospect & Prospect", Oct 04,2011, RIHN.
・Nawata, H. and Abdel Gabar BABIKER RIHN/SUST Research Cooperation on Comprehensive Measures to Manage
the Alien Invasive Species Mesquite in Sudan. Present State and Issues of Cooperation between
International Academic Research and Development Assistance in Eastern Sudan: Focusing on
Agriculture, Livelihood, and Environmental Sector, Sep 19,2011, RIHN.
・Ishiyama, S., Nawata, H., Mutasim Mekki, and Mussab Hassan Study on Rain-fed Agricultural System of
Semi-arid Zone, Gadarif State, Sudan, through SATREPS: Towards Local-to-local Technology Transfer.
Present State and Issues of Cooperation between International Academic Research and Development
Assistance in Eastern Sudan: Focusing on Agriculture, Livelihood, and Environmental Sectors, Sep
19,2011, RIHN.
・Takaki, K. Tunisian Revolution and its impact on the Palm Oasis Region. International Conference on
Study of Human Subsistence Eco systems among Arab Societies, Sep 11,2011, RIHN.
・Yoshikawa, K. Summaries of Eco-physiological Study on Mangroves along the Red Sea Coast. Annual
Meeting of RIHN Arab-Subsistence Project, Sep 10,2011-Sep 11,2011, RIHN. (in Japanese)
・Yoshimori, I. Prompt report for analysis of Genetic variation of gray mangrove in the Red Sea Coastof Egypt. Annual Meeting of RIHN Arab-Subsistence Project, Sep 10,2011-Sep 11,2011, RIHN. (inJapanese)

79
Research Projects

・Nakashima, A. Growth property of gray mangrove along the Red Sea Coast of Egypt and Sudan. Annual
Meeting of RIHN Arab-Subsistence Project, Sep 10,2011-Sep 11,2011, RIHN. (in Japanese) Announcement
by Ken Yoshikawa.

・Nawata, H. Introduction: How Will You Live without Oil? Part 3. The 45the RIHN Public Seminar, Sep
09,2011, RIHN. (in Japanese)

・Hoshino, B. & Nawata, H. Remote sensing methods for the evaluation of the mesquite tree (Prosopis
juliflora) environmental adaptation to semi-arid Africa. IEEE IGARSS, Jul 24,2011-Jul 29,2011,
Vancouver, Canada. DOI:10.1002/ece3.9.
・ Hoshino, B. CLASSIFICATION OF CASI-3 HYPERSPECTRAL IMAGE BY SUBSPACE METHOD. IEEE IGARSS, Jul
24,2011-Jul 29,2011, Vancouver, Canada.
・Nawata, H. Possibilities and problems of foreign workers for environmental conservation in Saudi
Arabia: Participation of refugees in development assistance. IUAES/AAS/ASAANZ Conference 2011,
Knowledge and Value in a Globalising World: Disentangling Dichotomies, Querying Unities, Jul
05,2011-Jul 08,2011, Perth, Australia.
・Nawata, H. What I learned from Professor Iwao Kobori: In China, Tunisia, Egypt, and Algeria. The 1st
International Conference on Arid Land "Desert Technology X", May 24,2011-May 28,2011, Narita, Tokyo.
・ Nawata, H. To combat a negative heritage of combating desertification: Developing comprehensive
measures to control the alien invasive species mesquite (Prosopis juliflora) in Sudan. The Ist
International Conference on Arid Land "Desert Technology X", May 24,2011-May 28,2011, Narita, Tokyo.
・ Ishiyama, S. Changes of Human Subsistence in Sahara Oasis -Water Supply, Farm Expansion and
Habitations Movement, A Case Study of In Belbel. "Desert Technology" The International Conference on
Arid Land, May 24,2011-May 28,2011, Tokyo Univ. of Agriculture, Seatagaya, Tokyo, Japan.
・Ishiyama, S. Cereals Agriculture and Domestic Animalsin the southern fringe of the Sahara – A casestudy of Cereal Cultivator, Gourmantchepeoplein North-East of Burkinafaso. 48th Japan Association
for African Studies, May 21,2011-May 22,2011, Hirosaki Unv. Hirosaki, Aomori. (in Japanese)・Nawata, H. Arid Land Civilization focusing on Coastal Zone of the Arid Tropics: A View point for Red
Sea Societies. Meeting of Red Sea Societies Research, May 15,2011, Tokyo University of Foreign
Languages. (in Japanese)
・Ishikawa, H. Natural environment and agriculture in northern Ethiopia found in historical papers of
the Society of Jesus. Meeting of Red Sea Societies Research, May 15,2011, Tokyo University ofForeign Languages, Tokyo.
・Ozaki, K. Diffusion of Islamic Medical Knowledge in the Medieval Europe. Meeting of Red Sea Societies
Research, May 15,2011, Tokyo University of Foreign Languages, Tokyo. (in Japanese)
・Nakamura, R. Boat Culture of the Western Indian Ocean. Meeting of Red Sea Societies Research, May
15,2011, Tokyo University of Foreign Languages, Tokyo.
・Shimada, Y. Animal Power, Hydraulic Power, Ship Power. Meeting of Red Sea Societies Research, May
15,2011, Tokyo University of Foreign Languages, Tokyo.
・ Suzuki, H. Western Indian Ocean World toward New World History. Meeting of Red Sea Societies
Research, May 15,2011, Tokyo University of Foreign Languages, Tokyo. (in Japanese)・Shindo, Y. Study on the Islamic Glass Trade Based on the Finds from Raya Site in the Sinai Peninsula.
Meeting of Red Sea Societies Research, May 15,2011, Tokyo University of Foreign Languages, Tokyo.
(in Japanese)・Nawata, H., Ishiyama, S., and Mutasim Mekki Subsistence of farmers from western Sudan and West Africa
in Gadarif State at eastern edge of Sahel zone, Sudan. Meeting of Red Sea Societies Research, May
15,2011, Tokyo University of Foreign Languages.
・ Nawata, H. 'Egyptian Revolution' from the view point of global environmental studies. The 17th
Resource Program Meeting, Apr 26,2011, RIHN. (in Japanese)

Research Projects

・Sakata, T. Changes in the importance of camels. Project Meeting for "A Study of Human Subsistence
Ecosystems in Arab Societies: To Combat Livelihood Degradation for the Post-Oil Era", Sep 09,2011Sep 11,2011, RIHN.

RIHN

・Matsuo, N. Water-use Efficiency of gray mangrove in the Red Sea Coast of Egypt. Annual Meeting of
RIHN Arab-Subsistence Project, Sep 10,2011-Sep 11,2011, RIHN. (in Japanese)

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RIHN Annual Report 2011

・Nawata, H. My sketch for future design: Solve the Sagrada Familia by Arabic science. The 30th Shusen
Salon, Apr 26,2011, . (in Japanese)・Nawata, H., Ishiyama, S., and Mutasim Mekki Some issues of sorghum-centered rain-fed agricultural
systems in the Gadarif state, eastern Sudan. The 20the Annual Meeting, Japan Association for NiloEthiopian Studies, Apr 23,2011-Apr 24,2011, Nagasaki University. (in Japanese)
・Ishiyama, S. Changes of Oasis Life in Algerian Sahara -Water Supply, Farm Expansion and Habitations
Movement, A Case Study of In Belbel. Colloque International sur La Foggara, Apr 09,2011-Apr 11,2011,
Adrar, Algeria.
・Kogo, M. Why seaside?. Mangrove paleontological research organization, Sep 18,2010-92012020, RIHN,
Kyoto.
【Poster Presentation】

・Ishihara, A., Yoshimori, I, Seo, A. and Yoshikawa, K. Genetic diversity of gray mangrove Avicennia
marina(Forssk.) Vierh. in the Red Sea Coast. The 123th Japanese Forest Society, Mar 26,2012-Mar
29,2012, Utsunomiya University. (in Japanese) HerAnnouncement.
・Damiani, G., Ichikawa, K. and Lanyon, J. Acoustic characteristics of dugong vocalizations and vocal
behaviour of herds in southern Queensland, Australia. 19th biennial conference on the biology ofmarine mammals, Nov 27,2011-Dec 02,2011, Tampa. Florida.
・ Ando-Mizobata, N., Ichikawa, K., Arai, N. and Adulyanukosol, K. Daily patterns of vocal
characteristics of dugongs in Thailand. 19th biennial conference on the biology of marine mammals,
Nov 27,2011-Dec 02,2011, Tampa, Florida, USA.
【Invited Lecture / Honoronary Lecture / Panelist】

・Hakoyama, F. Sustainability of water and sanitation situation in the Sahel Region. World Water Forum,
Mar 12,2012, Marseille, France.
・Horie, K. A Woman of Inberber lived in Sahara. , March 2012, The Embassy of Algeria in Tokyo.
・Yoshikawa, K. Ecology and physiology of gray mangrove a long Red Sea coast. Open seminar of Arid Land
Research Center, Tottori University, Jan 24,2012, Arid Land Research Center, Tottori. (in Japanese)・Ozaki, K. Food and Medicine in the Arab Islamic World. Public Lecture on Islamic Culture held by theInstitute of Oriental Philosophy, Sep 27,2011, Tokyo. (in Japanese)
・Horie, K. A Woman of Islamic World. , May 2011, Tokyo SHIGAKU KAIKAN.
・Ozaki, K. Diffusion of Arabic Food in the Medieval Europe. Research Meeting on Medieval Islamic heldby the Institute of Oriental Philosophy, Apr 16,2011, Tokyo. (in Japanese)

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Research Projects

Stage: Full Research
Project No.: R-06
Abbreviated Title:
Project Leader: KADA Ryohei

RIHN

Project Name: Managing Environmental Risks to Food and Health Security in Asian Watersheds

Research Axis: Resources Program
Key Words:○ Research Subject and Objectives
The main purpose of this study organized by both Japanese and Philippines researchers is to criticallyexamine the issues of how the resource degradation or pollution occurs, from where the pollution
originates and the way in which the pollution stresses aquatic life, food, and subsequently, the publichealth in the watershed area, which involves heavy social and medical costs. A special attention would
be focused on how ecological risks impact the sustainable linkage between agricultural & fisheryproducts and food and health security, from social and natural science perspectives, in the watershedarea of Lake Laguna region.
Food related issues, closely linked with environmental issues have become an important issue in the
21st century. However, due to recent ecological degradation, sedimentation, water quality degradation,
frequent flood occurrence, have affected food supply and food safety leading to public health problems.
Conceptually, the term food security or food risk treated in this research refers to the risks or theissues related to food supply as well as food safety. Health security refers to that of humans, mainly
affected by the impacts of ecological issues.
This research project has four principal objectives shown as follows: (i) it documents the current
levels of heavy metals (lead, mercury, and cadmium) in the aquatic resources of Lake Laguna, the routesof this pollution and its impact on public health; (ii) it investigates the health condition of people
and the perception of food risks among those people; (iii) it analyses the effects of chemical inputs
on agricultural fields and their impact on food production and relation to subsequent ecosystemdeterioration; and finally (iv) it analyses the land use change in Lake Laguna area and the impact ofthese changes on material cycle (groundwater level and water quality, sedimentation).
This research combines the social, medical and physical sciences in order to develop strategies of
ecological risk management for sustainable food, health security and watershed planning in Lake Laguna
region which can also be expanded for other Asian watersheds. The current research is conducted solely
in the Laguna Lake region since it represents a good model for Asian case studies and also due to its
importance for its ecosystem services being threatened by ecological risks in line with rapid
urbanization and land use changes.

○ Progress and Results in 2010
Although still at its early stage of implementation, major outputs of the research can be summarized asfollows:- One of the major environmental issues in the lake is the contamination of toxic and hazardous
substances from the industrial and agricultural sectors. Heavy metals such as Lead, Chromium, Cadmium,Arsenic, and Mercury, at one time or another, have been found in concentrations exceeding theprescribed safe levels in the Lake water column.
- Lead has increased to toxic levels in tilapia as seen from market and open water samples; same holds
true for some local crop plants such as kangkong (Ipomoea aquatica) and kamote (Ipomoea batatas).
- While heavy metals are a concern, it only represents one component of total water pollutants. The
bulk of the pollutants are found to mainly belong to human waste. In this light, the realm of
infectious diseases, particularly that which causes water-borne illnesses is of great importance.
- The continuing degradation of the terrestrial and aquatic resources has led to reduction of theircurrent resource base. The combined effects of the Environment-Human as well as Human-Environment-Human

Research Projects

URL:

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RIHN Annual Report 2011

types of risks had led to the reduction of household income, food insecurity and health deteriorationof the inhabitants in the area.
- The major issue facing the respondents in the three study sites is how they would be able to improve,
protect and expand their current resource base or level of acquirement given: (1) risk and uncertainty
in upland agriculture and fishing activities as sustainable means of livelihood; (2) experience ofhousehold food insecurity; and (3) probable health risk due to unsafe or an unhealthy environment- GIS-based risk mapping has been started to construct spatially defined human and environmental healthrisks to serve as common tool for integrating relational data and information for site resources,
health, food and ecological risks as well as for unforeseen transboundary ecological risks to current
and future land use changes in the target areas.

○Project Members◎ KADA Ryohei( Research Institute for Humanity and Nature,Professor,Environmental Economics )○ RAZAFINDRABE Bam H.N( Research Institute for Humanity and Nature,Senior Researcher,Disaster Risk
Management )○ YUMOTO Takakazu( Research Institute for Humanity and Nature,Professor,Forest Ecology )○ NAKANO Takanori( Research Institute for Humanity and Nature,Professor,Isotopic Environmental
Science )○ ARIMA Makoto( Graduate School of Environment and Information Sciences, Yokohama National
University,,Professor,Earth Science )○ MASUNAGA Shigeki( Graduate School of Environment and Information Sciences, Yokohama National
University,Professor,Environmental Chemistry )○ MIZUSHIMA Shunsaku ( Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Yokohama City
University,Professor,Preventive Epidemiology )○ TANAKA Katsuya( Research Center for Sustainability and Environment, Shiga University,Associate
Professor,Resource Economics )○ MASUDA Tadayoshi( Research Institute for Humanity and Nature,Senior Researcher,Agricultural
Resource Economics )○ YAOTA Kiyoyuki( Research Institute for Humanity and Nature,Researcher,Spatial Econometrics,
GIS, Remote Sensing )○ SAITO Satoshi( Research Institute for Humanity and Nature,Researcher,Stable Isotope Earth
Science )NAKAI Satoshi( Graduate School of Environment and Information Sciences, Yokohama National
University,Professor,Environmental Risk Epidemiology; Epidemiological Evaluationof Chemicals )NAGAI Takashi( National Institute of Agro-Environmental Sciences,Researcher,Organic Chemistry
Risk Analysis )○ TAN, J. Galvez( Medical School, University of the Philippines at Manila,Professor,Public
Health )○ RANOLA, R.F.
( College of Agriculture, University of the Philippines at Los
Banos,Professor,Resource Economics )○ CONCEPCION, R.N.
( College of Agriculture, University of the Philippines at Los Banos,Visiting
Professor,Environmental & Resource Economics )○ BORJA, A,C.SANTOS( Research Department, Lake Laguna Development Authority,Director,Biological
Limnology )MOLINA, V.B.
( Medical School, University of the Philippines at Manila,Associate
Professor,Public Health )PANGANIBAN L.C.R.
( Medical School, University of the Philippines at Manila,Associate
Professor,Environmental Epidemiology )ZAFARALLA Macrina T.( College of Agriculture, University of the Philippines at Los
Banos,Professor,Biology, Water Quality Assessment )MACANDOG Damasa( College of Agriculture, University of the Philippines at Los
Banos,Professor,Plant Ecology, Evaluation of Soil Erosion )○ Future Themes
During the Full Research period, the following main activities will be conducted by eah research team:Team 1. Environmental Risk Assessment: (i) a geochemical proposal on the environmental study of humannature interaction: use of multiple elements and their stable isotopes for water, soil, and organisms
which will provide invaluable information on human-nature interaction; (ii) water quality assessment

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Research Projects

based on the applicable water quality criteria combined with trophic state parameters and phytoplankton
communities, then through aquatic macrophyte biosorption system (AMBS), address the stream turbidity
issues, eutrophication, and heavy metal pollution

Team 4. Payment for Ecosystem Services: estimation of the difference between farmer’s benefits fromconversion to non-agricultural land use and agricultural conservation based on municipality-levelsocio-economic statistics; GIS data; other data on streamflow, water quality, and historical weather
information.
Team 5. GIS-based Risk Mapping: (i) GIS-assisted transboundary flood risk and vulnerability mapping andassessment for water-related disasters; (ii) GIS-assisted risk-based comprehensive land use plans(CLUP) of selected municipalities in Laguna region.

●Achievements○Editing【Editing / Co-editing】

・Satoru Sadohara, Fumio Koike, Ryohei kada and Yuichi Sato (ed.) Nov,2011 Satoyama Revitalization –Challenges of Yokohama City and kanagawa Prefecture, Japan－. Soshinsha, Tokyo, 256pp. (in Japanese)○Papers【Original Articles】

・ Yaota K. R. Kada, et al. Oct,2011 he construction of Spatial data map as a tool for linking
Environmental risk to food and health security in Laguna Lake Watersheds. . 11th ISSAAS Philippine
National and International Forum Proceeding .Pampanga, Philippines,.
・Kada, R., Ranola R.F.J., Tan J.Z.G. 2011 Impacts of ecological risks on food and health security in
Laguna Lake Watersheds. . Food Security and Health Risk Eradication. Journal of Scientific Paper
Abstract 1(1) :2-7.
【Review Articles】

・ Saito, S. and Nakano, T. Jul,2011 Water quality mapping of Laguna Lake Watersheds. Managing
environmental risks to food and health security in sourtheast Asian watersheds. Progress Report. :275-280.Ryohei Kada (ed.) Managing environmental risks to food and health security in sourtheast
Asian watersheds..
○Research Presentations【Oral Presentation】

・Bam H.N. Razafindrabe, Kiyoyuki Yaota, Satoshi Saito, Tadayoshi Masuda, Ryohei Kada EcoHealth: How
Changing Environment and Climate affect Human Health and Livelihood Security in the Philippines. thePlanet Under Pressure Conference: New Knowledge Towards Solutions, Mar 26,2012-Mar 29,2012, London,
UK,.
・Ryohei KADA Impact of Increasing Flood Risk on Food & Health Security in Southeast Asia. Impact ofIncreasing Flood Risk on Food & Health Security in Southeast Asia, Mar 01,2012, Research Institutefor Humanity and Nature, Kyoto, .

Research Projects

Team 3. Health Risk Evaluation: (i) baseline Evaluation: in order to clarify the degree and type ofenvironmental exposure(s) affecting human health; (ii) health assessment on environmental pollutant
exposure among community residents near the Laguna Lake area; (iii) assessment of health risks fromheavy metals via fish consumptionand on other local food products such as shellfish, duck eggs, etc.

RIHN

Team 2. Socio-Economic Evaluation: (i) characterization of other critical watersheds surrounding Laguna
lake; (ii): food risk assessment; (iii): a bioeconomic model for evaluating the effects of land use
patterns on lake water quality and commercial fish productivity in the region; (iv): household andcommunity vulnerability to environmental risks induced by changing land uses in the Dampalit
Subwatershed, Los Baños.

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RIHN Annual Report 2011

・ Bam H.N. Razafindrabe, Satoshi Saito, Kiyoyuki Yaota, Tadayoshi Masuda, Ryohei Kada Impacts of
Ecological Risks to Food and Health Security in Laguna Lake Region, Philippines. . Global Risk Forum
Davos One Health Summit 2012, Feb 19,2012-Feb 23,2012, Davos, Switzerland.
・Ryohei Kada, Victorio Molina, Allison Gocotano, Bam Razafindrabe, Adelina Santos-Borja, Tadayoshi
Masuda, Environmental Risks, Food Security and Health in Laguna Lake Watershed, The Philippines..
14th World Lake Conference Lakes, Rivers, Groundwater, and Coastal Areas: Understanding Linkages,,
Oct 31,2011-Nov 04,2011, Austin, Texas USA.
・ Bam H.N. Razafindrabe, Ryohei Kada Understanding Flood Resilience in the Laguna Lake Region,
Philippines. the 14th World Lake Conference on Lakes, Rivers, Groundwater and Coastal Areas,
Understanding Linkages, Oct 31,2011-Nov 04,2011, Austin, Texas, USA..
・Masuda, Tadayoshi, Fuwa, N., and R. Kada. Consumer Behavior and Perception of Food & Health Security:
The Case of Tilapia and Drinking Water Consumption in the Santa Rosa Sub-Watershed, Laguna, thePhilippines. 14th World Lake Conference, Oct 31,2011-Nov 04,2011, Austin, TX.
・Kiyoyuki YAOTA, Satoshi SAITO, Rogelio N. CONCEPCION, Ryohei KADA The Construction of Spatial Data
Map as a Tool for Linking Environmental Risk to Food and Health Security in Laguna Lake Watersheds..
11th International Society for Southeast Asian Agricultural Sciences (ISSAAS) , Oct 25,2011-Oct
26,2011, Philippine National Convention and International Forum, Clarkfield, Angeles City..
・Bam H.N. Razafindrabe, Michael Cuesta, Rogelio Concepcion, Ryohei Kada Assessing Flood Risks in
Laguna Lake Region, Philippines-Implications to Food and Health Security. the 11th International
Society for Southeast Asian Agricultural Sciences (ISSAAS) Philippine National Convention andInternational Forum, Oct 25,2011-Oct 26,2011, Clarkfield, Angeles City, Philippines.
・Bam H.N. Razafindrabe, Ryohei Kada Impacts of Ecological Risks to Food and Health Security in Laguna
Lake Region, Philippines--Focus on Flood Risks Assessment.. the 7th ASAE International Conference on
Meeting the Challenges Facing Asian Agriculture and Agricultural Economics Toward a Sustainable
Future, Oct 13,2011-Oct 15,2011, Hanoi, Vietnam.
・YAOTA Kiyoyuki, KADA Ryohei, SAITO Satoshi Analysis of Factors Affecting Water Quality Degradation in
Laguna Lake Watersheds, Philippines, for Ecological Risk Management. Kinki Branch of EcologicalSociety of Japan (Annual meeting), Jun 25,2011, Nara Women’s University, Nara. (in Japanese)・Masuda, Tadayoshi, Yanagida, J.F., Bittenbender, H.C., Fleming, K.D., and V. Easton-Smith. Marketing
Strategies Contributing Regional Welfare: Evidence from the Kona Coffee Industry in Hawaii. Selected
Paper prepared for presentation at the International Food and Agribusiness Management Association(IFAMA) 21st. Annual World Forum and Symposium, Jun 20,2011-Jun 23,2011, Frankfurt, Germany.Masuda,
Tadayoshi.
・Ryohei Kada Empirical Analysis of Food and Health Risk Expansion in the Philippines（Special Session
Program）. Program of the 12th Spring Conference, The Japan Society for International Development,
Jun 04,2011, JICA Research Institute.
・Bam H.N. Razafindrabe, Ryohei Kada Flood Resilience in a changing Climate and Environment -A CaseStudy of the Laguna Lake Region, Philippines.. the 2nd World Congress on Cities and Adaptation to
Climate Change, Jun 03,2011-Jun 05,2011, Bonn, Germany..
・Masuda, T., and R. Kada Agricultural Revival by Utilizing Biofuel Crops: How to Rehabilitate theFarmland Contaminated with Redioactive Materials or Damaged from Seawater After the 3/11 East Japan
Earthquake and Tsunami?. The17th Annual International Sustainable Development Research Conference,
May 10,2011-May 12,2011, Alfred J. Lerner Hall, The Earth Institute, Columbia University.
・Bam H.N. Razafindrabe, Ryohei Kada Interlinkage between Ecological Risks and Food and Health Security
in a Fast-Growing Environment -A Case-Study of the Laguna Lake Region, Philippines. the 17th Annual
International Sustainable Development Research Conference on Moving Toward a Sustainable Future, May
08,2011-May 10,2011, New York, USA..
・Masuda, Tadayoshi and R. Kada. Agricultural Revival by Utilizing Biofuel Crops: How to Rehabilitate
the Farmland Contaminated with Radioactive Materials or Damaged from Seawater After the 3/11 East
Japan Earthquake and Tsunami?. Selected Paper prepared for presentation at the 17th Annual
Conference of the International Sustainable Development Research Society (ISDRS), May 08,2011-May
10,2011, Columbia University, New York, NY.

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Research Projects

・Razafindrabe B.H.N., R. Kada Understanding flood resilience in the Laguna Lake Region, Philippines..
14th World Lakes Conference, 2011, Austin, Texas USA.

・Saito, S. Water Quality Mapping of Laguna Lake and its Watersheds. LAKEHEAD project joint meeting,
Aug 05,2011, University of the Philippines at Los Baños, Philippines.

【Poster Presentation】

・Bam H. N. Razafindrabe, Kiyoyuki Yaota, Satoshi Saito, Tadayoshi Masuda, Ryohei Kada EcoHealth: How
Changing Environment and Climate affect Human Health and Livelihood Security in the Philippines.
Planet Under Pressure, Mar 26,2012-Mar 29,2012, ExCel Centre East International Conference Centre,
London, U.K..
・Saito, S., Nakano, T., Shin, K.-C., Maruyama, S., Miyakawa, C., Yaota, K. and Kada, R. Water quality
mapping of Laguna de Bay and its watershed, Philippines.. American Geophysical Union, Fall Meeting
Abstract H53K-1558, Dec 09,2011, San Francisco, CA, USA.
・Saito, S., Nakano, T., Shin, K.-C., Maruyama, S., Miyakawa, C., Yaota, K. and Kada, R. Water quality
mapping of Laguna de Bay and its watershed, Philippines. (3P-23). Annual Meeting of GSJ 2011, Nov
16,2011, Hokkaido University . (in Japanese)・ Kiyoyuki YAOTA, Satoshi SAITO, Bam H.N. Razafindrabe, Ryohei KADA The Integration of Spatial
Information for Management of Food and Health Security - The Case of Laguna Lake, Philippines. .
PNC2012(Pacific Neighborhood Consortium) Annual Conference and Joint Meetings, Oct 19,2011-Oct
22,2011, Sasin Graduate Institute of Business Administration of Chulalongkorn University.
・Saito S. Various granitoid plutons in an ongoing arc-arc collision zone, the Izu collision zone,
central Japan: implications for transformation from juvenile arc crust to continental crust. Hutton
symposium VII : The Origin of Granites and Related Rocks, Abstracts p.128-129, Jul 08,2011, Avila,
Spain.
【Invited Lecture / Honoronary Lecture / Panelist】

・ Saito, S. and Nakano, T. Evaluation of water quality of Laguna Lake Watersheds. The 1st International Symposium on Managing Environmental Risks to Food and Health Security in the Laguna Lake
Watersheds, Philippines, Abstract P28-30, Jun 03,2011, Research Institute for Humanity and Nature,
Kyoto, Japan (Oral presentation and panelist).
・Saito, S., Ishikawa, M., Arima, M and Tatsumi, Y. Influence of dry pore-spaces on the Vp, Vs, Vp/Vs,
and Poisson’s ratio of crustal rocks. Canadian Geophysical Union Annual meeting, Abstract p136-137, May 18,2011, Banff Park Lodge, Banff, Alberta, Canada (Invited talk).

Research Projects

・Saito S. Water Quality Mapping of Laguna Lake Watersheds. LAKEHEAD project meeting at LLDA, Jun
21,2011, Laguna Lake Development Authority, Taytay, Philippines.

RIHN

・Saito, S. Water Quality Mapping of Laguna Lake Watersheds: Case Study of Marinig and Santo Domingo
Watersheds, Philippines. International Workshop on EcoHealth: Linking Ecoloical Risks to Human
Health – A Philippine Case Study-, JST-Young Researchers Feasibility Study Project, Feb 11,2012,
Research Institute for Humanity and Nature, Kyoto, Japan.

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RIHN Annual Report 2011

Incubation Study
Risk management and mitigation strategies for catastrophic disasters
KUBOTA Jumpei (Research Institute for Humanity and Nature)
Recent developments of scientific prediction of natural phenomena and engineering countermeasures have­significantly reduced risks of ordinary natural disasters. However, extreme events, such as the 2011 Tohoku earthquake
and tsunami, cause severe disasters, consequently resulting in unexpected and human-induced disasters like Fukushima
Daiichi nuclear accident. Highly complex social systems, as well as interdependency under the economic globalization, have decreased social redundancy and increased risks on basic lifelines and production systems, not only on early
rescuing stages, but also in long-term recovering processes. For example, on the 2011 Tohoku earthquake and tsunami
disasters, some evacuation facilities, which were set right outside projected hazardous zones, were attacked by big
tsunami waves, resulting in serious damages of people followed “evacuation plans”. This example clearly shows lackof communication between scientific communities and governmental planners. It was also revealed that constructive
countermeasures for a projected impact based on experiences in the past could not cope with unexpected phenomena.
Only transdiciplinary investigations and well-organized planning, so-call contingency planning could solve the­problems. The framework for mitigating damages of disasters were discussed, focusing on gaps between scientificknowledge and societal perception.

Hierarchical organization of environmental literacy for ecosystem services on permafrost
ISHIKAWA Mamoru (Graduate School of Environmental Science, Hokkaido University)
The global environmental issues are mostly originated from the informative heterogeneity between the stakeholders.
This heterogeneity could be resolved by improving their environmental literacy. Environmental literacy is the ability
to appropriately seek, read and utilize environmental information to direct future action to solve the environmental
issues. In the incubation research, we mainly argued the conceptual elaboration of the environmental literacy, andcontemplated the applicability of environmental literacy matrix which potentially shows the direction of the societies
suffered from degradation of permafrost ecosystem. In order to understand environmental literacy, the reality ofs­ takeholder’s environmental issues should be clarified in the scientific disciplinary of human, society and nature(­material substances and their circulative manner). For this mutual interaction between scientific researchers ands­ ociety as their environmental literacy should be evolved.

Reevaluating Advantages of Small-Scale Societies: An Alternative Strategy to Overcome Vulnerability inLarge-Scale Societies
HABU Junko (University of California, Berkeley)
The objective of this project is to reexamine the benefits inherent in 1) small-scale societies, 2) small-scalec­ ommunities within large-scale societies, and 3) small-scale economies associated with the former two. By doing so,
this project will explore future possibilities for incorporating these practices as alternative strategies to mitigatev­ ulnerabilities created in large-scale operations. The regional focus of this project is on the North Pacific Rim, including
the arc from the Japanese archipelago to the West Coast of North America. Large-scale production of food and goods
for mass consumption associated with globalization resulted in the loss of food diversity and homogenization of­production methods.  Furthermore, large-scale economies are quite vulnerable to changes such as global warming,
earthquakes and radical shifts in political and social structure.  Archaeological examples from the past also indicate that

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Research Projects

RIHN

subsistence specialization often resulted in similar vulnerability even though it increased short-term carrying capacityof the population.  Accordingly, in order to increase diversity, flexibility and resilience of future societies, appropriate
practices of small scale-societies, past and present, need to be promoted.   During the 2011/2012, the project team
examined archaeological and ethnographic data from northern Japan and other parts of the North Pacific Rim anddeveloped research networks.

Research Projects

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RIHN Annual Report 2011

The Center for Coordination, Promotion and Communication(CCPC)The Center for Coordination, Promotion and Communication (CCPC) is responsible for crossproject, crossdomain investigation, research and support that concerns the entire institute. It has three divisions. The Division of
Coordination maps out RIHN’s mid- and long-term research trajectory and facilitates the cooperative arrangements
necessary for its realization in domestic and international domains. The Division of Promotion develops andmaintains the laboratory facilities necessary for research and fieldwork, particularly in staple isotope and DNAa­ nalyses, and builds the databases and archives of past and ongoing research. The Division of Communication decides
how the new findings and outcomes of research may be best communicated in appropriate academic and public fora.
Several recent activities are described in the pages on Research Communication. The CCPC also collaborates with theresearch department and administrative office to coordinate the task forces, working groups and administrative units
involved in RIHN’s ordinary operation and special events.
● Key Research Tasks
In RIHN’s second phase, the Core Research Hub has been established within the CCPC. It focuses on the realization of the Futurability Initiatives by conjoining the existing RIHN Domain Programmes through a set of cross-cutting
initiatives towards transdisciplinary field of Environmental Humanics of the Earth System.  At present it has nurtured
an Initiative-based Research Project, “Designing Local Frameworks for Integrated Water Resources Management”.
● Building Research Data Networks
The CCPC plays a key role in facilitating RIHN’s environmental networking and communication, especiallybetween academic institutions, cultural institutions, and the general public. It is involved in the creation and maintenance of Asian environmental databases and project archives. It also supports the development of environmental
studies curricula in Japan’s public elementary, junior high and high schools.
The CCPC promotes cooperation between RIHN and research institutes both at home and abroad. One such­activity is the repository for the global environmental studies (tentative name), a project to create environmentali­nformation networking nodes among a number of research institutes.
● Facilities and Equipment
The Division of Promotion maintains eighteen laboratories in the ground level of its main building, including
specialized facilities for DNA and stable isotope analysis and mass spectrometry, as well as several rooms for chemicaland biochemical analysis, microscopy, incubation, hazardous materials, fieldwork preparation, sample preparation andcold storage.

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Outreach Programs and Events

Outreach Programs and Events
1. RIHN International Symposium
RIHN 6th International Symposium
In order to diffuse the findings of the five FR projects concluding in March 2012, the RIHN 6th International
Symposium “Beyond Collapse: Transformation of human-environmental relationships, past, present and future” washeld on 26-28 October 2011 at Lecture Hall, RIHN. The details of the symposium are as follows.

<Thursday October 27>
Session 2 : Beyond collapse: The case of Indus Civilization
Chair: ONISHI Masayuki (RIHN)· Paleoclimate During the Last 20,000 Years in Asia-Pacific Region
YOKOYAMA Yusuke (University of Tokyo, Japan)· Decline of the Indus Civilization and the Role of Agriculture
WEBER, Steven (Washington State University Vancouver, USA)· Observations about Arrival of the Āryas
GOTŌ Toshifumi (Tohoku University, Japan)· Collapse or Transformation?: Beyond Environmental Determinism for the Indus Civilization
OSADA Toshiki (RIHN)· Discussion
Session 3 : Transformation of human society and environment in Central Eurasia
Chair: KUBOTA Jumpei (RIHN)· ‘No One can be Separated from the Other’: The Curse of Relatedness and Ethnopolitics in Contemporary China
BULAG, Uradyn E. (University of Cambridge, UK)· Typology of Agro-Pastoral Complex in Inner-most Eurasia under the Light of Geo-History
OHJI Toshiaki (Kyoto University, Japan)· Agricultural Development and Transformation of Nature in Soviet Central Asia: Theoretical Background andReality
CHIDA Tetsuro (Hokkaido University, Japan)

Outreach Programs and Events

Session 1 : New ecologies of disease: Observing and theorizing human-pathogen interactions
Chair: KAWABATA Zen’ichiro (RIHN)· Ecosystem Dynamics, Biological Diversity and Their Impacts on Zoonotic Infectious Diseases
GUÉGAN, Jean-François (UMR IRD-CNRS-Universities of Montpellier I and II, France)· Koi Herpesvirus Disease as a Model of Environmental Disease
MINAMOTO Toshifumi (RIHN)· The Impact of Anthropogenic Environmental Influences on Freshwater Snails and the Implications for Snailborne Disease Transmission Risks in Kenya
LANGE, Charles N. (National Museums of Kenya, Kenya)· Discussion

RIHN<Wednesday October 26>
Opening Session
Chair: UYAR, Aysun (RIHN)· Opening Remarks: TACHIMOTO Narifumi (Director-General, RIHN)· Objectives of the Symposium: NILES, Daniel (RIHN)· Keynote Address: The Archaeology of Innovation: Lessons for the Sustainability of Our TimesVAN DER LEEUW, Sander (Arizona State University, USA)

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RIHN Annual Report 2011

· Socialist Modernization and Transformation of Natural Resource Use in Central Eurasia
WATANABE Mitsuko (RIHN)· Discussion<Friday October 28>
Session 4 : Building resilient communities in the semi-arid tropics
Chair: LEKPRICHAKUL, Thamana (RIHN)· Social-Ecological Regime Shifts: Collapse, Traps, and Transformations
PETERSON, Garry (Stockholm University, Sweden)· Ingredients for Social-Ecological Resilience, Poverty Traps, and Adaptive Social Protection in Semi-Arid Africa
TSCHAKERT, Petra (Pennsylvania State University, USA)
· Trajectories of Adaptation: A Retrospectus for Future Dynamics
NELSON, Donald (University of Georgia, USA)· Dynamics of Social-Ecological Systems: The Case of Farmers’ Food Security in Semi-Arid Tropics
UMETSU Chieko (RIHN)· Discussion
Session 5 : Synthesis
Chairs: NILES, Daniel (RIHN) & SATO Yo-Ichiro (Deputy Director-General, RIHN)· Beyond Pandemics and Global Instability: Cultivating Peripheral Vision for Transformation
WALTNER-TOEWS, David (University of Guelph, Canada)· Synthesis of Session 1
KAWABATA Zen’ichiro (RIHN)· Synthesis of Session 2
OSADA Toshiki (RIHN)· Synthesis of Session 3
KUBOTA Jumpei (RIHN)· Synthesis of Session 4
UMETSU Chieko (RIHN)· Comments: VAN DER LEEUW, Sander (Arizona State University, USA)
· Roundtable Discussion· Closing Remarks
WATANABE Tsugihiro (Deputy Director-General, RIHN)
2. RIHN Forum“What are global environmental problems?” “What are integrated global environmental studies?” “What will be
the outcomes of such studies?” “What is the future of global environmental problems?” “Will it be possible to solve
such problems?”
The RIHN Forum is intended to help us to address such fundamental questions and to animate discussion of up-todate environmental topics. The tenth forum was held in fiscal 2011 as below.
The 10th RIHN Forum
Date: 3 July, 2011
Theme: Reflections on the Water Around Us
Venue: Kyoto International Conference Center

91
Outreach Programs and Events

3. RIHN Public Seminars
In order to present RIHN research activity in a manner that accessible to the general public, since November 2004,
RIHN has offered public lectures. Three seminars were held in 2011 at the RIHN lecture hall and the Heartpia Kyoto.
RIHN staff offer accessible explanations of global environmental problems, and the Public Seminars havestimulated engrossing discussions of contemporary environmental concerns.
The 43rd Public Seminar

4. RIHN Area Seminars
The RIHN Area Seminars offer an opportunity for RIHN research staff to gather with regional intellectuals andlocal citizens to consider problems related to the environment and culture of each area of Japan. The first seminar washeld in 2005. In fiscal year 2011, two seminars were held as follows.
The 9th RIHN Area Seminar“People and Nature in Eastern Eurasia: Twenty years After the Soviet Union”
Date: 12 June, 2011
Venue: Conference Hall, Hokkaido University (Sapporo City, Hokkaido)
The 10th RIHN Area Seminar“Waterfront Conservation and Futurability of Lake Biwa”
Date: 14 January, 2012
Venue: Piazza Hall, Piazza Omi (Otsu City, Shiga)
5. RIHN Annual Open Meeting
Each December, RIHN research and office staff and outside research collaborators gather to review the year’s
progress. All project leaders present their research findings and accomplishments and receive questions from the floor.
Attracting over 427 attendees in its three-day duration, the annual meeting generates dialogue between RIHN
researchers and improves general awareness of RIHN’s progress and evolution within the larger fields of environmental
research.
Date: 30 November, 1-2 December, 2011
Venue: Co-op inn Kyoto

Outreach Programs and Events

The 45th Public Seminar

RIHN

The 44th Public Seminar

19 May, 2011
Recovery from the Great East Japan Earthquake: The Importance of Including Survivors
Perspective
MUROSAKI Yoshiteru (Institute for the Research of Disaster Area Reconstruction,
Kwansei Gakuin University)
KUBOTA Jumpei (RIHN)
5 August, 2011
Invitation to Global Environmental Studies: Behind the Scenes
TANIGUCHI Makoto (RIHN)
WATANABE Mitsuko (RIHN)
MAKIBAYASHI Keisuke (RIHN)
9 September, 2011
How Will You Live after Finishing Oil Resources? Part3
ONUMA Hiroyasu (Appropriate Agriculture International Co., Ltd.)NAKANISHI Akio (Nakanishi Mokuzai Co. Ltd.)NAWATA Hiroshi (RIHN)
ISHIYAMA Shun (RIHN)

92
RIHN Annual Report 2011

6. RIHN Seminars
RIHN Seminars are invited talks by esteemed Japanese or foreign researchers. The seminars provide opportunities
for RIHN scientists to learn of the latest topics and research directions in a variety of fields; they also often are a firststep toward future research collaborations between RIHN researchers and those of other institutions. Seminars are held
several times a year.
The 50th

The 51st

The 52nd

The 53rd

The 54th

The 55th

The 56th

The 57th

The 58th

The 59th

1 April, 2011
The Library of Babel is burning
EVANS, Nicholas (School of Culture, History & Language, The Australian National University)
12 April, 2011
Self introduction and research plan during invited period
YAHYA, Andi Saputra (RIHN / Betawi Cultural Institute)
HONG, Sungheup (RIHN / Chonnam National University)
TKACHEV, Sergey (RIHN / Maritime State University named after admiral G. I. Nevelskoi)
ZAMBA, Batjargal (RIHN / World Meteorological Organization)
21 April, 2011
Society, Infectious Diseases and Natural Environment: What do we learn
YAMAMOTO Taro (Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki University)
12 May, 2011
Self introduction and research plan during invited period
AJITHPRASAD, Pottentavida (RIHN / The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda)
JORDAN, Peter David (RIHN / University of Aberdeen)
MCCAULEY, Stephen Michael (RIHN / Clark University)
PONGVONGSA, Tiengkham (RIHN / Center of Malariology, Parasitology and Entomology, Savannakhet
Province, Lao P.D.R)
19 May, 2011
“Soundscapes” and Urban Environmental Culture
TORIGOE Keiko (Aoyama Gakuin University)
30 May, 2011
Noble gases in the pore water of unconsolidated sediments: A growing research field of noble-gas
geochemistry
TOMONAGA Yama (Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science & Technology, Dept. of Water
Resources and Drinking Water)
30 May, 2011
Qanat an Ancient Technique for Adapting to New Climate Changes
SEMSAR, Yazdi (International Center on Qanats and Historic Hydraulic Structures (ICQHS))
7 June, 2011
Formulation of Environmental Policy towards Low-Carbon Economy
MOROTOMI Toru (Graduate School of Economics and Faculty of Economics, Kyoto University)
9 June, 2011
Environment and Design
NAITO Hiroshi (Architect)
28 June, 2011
The Change of Local Knowledge in Jakarta
YAHYA, Andi Saputra (RIHN / Betawi Cultural Institute)

93
Outreach Programs and Events

The 60thThe 61st

The 64th

The 65th

The 66th

The 67th

The 68th

The 69th

The 70thThe 71st

The 72nd

The 73rd

Outreach Programs and Events

The 63rdRIHN

The 62nd

12 July, 2011
Oasis Eco-system and Date palm Diversity
BENKHALIFA, Abderrahmane (RIHN / Ecole Normale Supérieure Kouba)
13 July, 2011
Health impacts by disasters in the world and East Japan Earthquake - Challenges and perspectives of
emergency and long-term response
KUNII Osamu (Child Survival and Development, UNICEF Somalia Support Center, Nairobi, Kenya)
2 August, 2011
Landscape Transformation during the Modernisation and Regional Identity in Kyoto
HONG, Sungheup (RIHN / Chonnam National University)
2 August, 2011
Understanding Climate Change and Cultural Innovation in Long-Term Perspective
JORDAN, Peter David (RIHN / University of Aberdeen)
4 August, 2011
Malaria situation and related factors in a Central Border Areas of Laos and Vietnam
PONGVONGSA, Tiengkham (RIHN / Center of Malariology, Parasitology and Entomology, Savannakhet
Province, Lao P.D.R)
4 August, 2011
In Search of the First Farmers of Gujarat
AJITHPRASAD, Pottentavida (RIHN / The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda)
13 September, 2011
Self introduction and research plan during invited period
MCGEE, Terence Gary (RIHN / The University of British Columbia)
29 September, 2011
Molecular characterization of date palm clones from Algerian Sahara: Efficiency of SSR technique andChloroplast DNA sequencing
BENKHALIFA, Abderrahmane (RIHN / Ecole Normale Supérieure Kouba)
12 October, 2011
Self introduction and research plan during invited period
SINHA, Deb Ranjan (RIHN / Michigan Technological University)
12 October, 2011
Self introduction and research plan during invited period
BRUTSAERT, Wilfried Hendrik (RIHN / Cornell University)
22 October, 2011
Producin Urban Space: Megacities and Sustainability in China’s Urban Future
MCGEE, Terence Gary (RIHN / The University of British Columbia)
8 November, 2011
Self introduction and research plan during invited period
TSERING, Norbu (RIHN / Ladakh Institute of Prevention)
5 December, 2011
A Transdisciplinary Approach to Energy Sustainability
MCCAULEY, Stephen Michael (RIHN / Clark University)
20 December, 2011
Water Use and Management in Asia-Prospective from Inter-Civic Studies
NAKAMURA Hisashi (Ryukoku University)

94
RIHN Annual Report 2011

The 74th

The 75th

The 76th

The 77th

The 78th

The 79th

The 80th

The 81st

12 January, 2012
Epidemiology of Hypertension and non-communicable diseases in Ladakh; and its relevance to High
altitude adaptation and life style changes
TSERING, Norbu (RIHN / Ladakh Institute of Prevention)
12 January, 2012
The determination of permafrost thawing from long-term streamflow measurements: The case of eastern Siberia
BRUTSAERT, Wilfried Hendrik (RIHN / Cornell University)
19 January, 2012
Transdisciplinarity Discussions on the Future of Global Environmental Change and Sustainability
Research
MONFRAY, Patrick (ANR Environment & Biological Resources Department Earth System, Environment
and Risks)
HACKMANN, Heidi (International Social Science Council)
27 January, 2012
On the Japan Satoyama-Satoumi Assessment, 2010 and Expected New Commons
DURAIAPPAH, Anantha Kumar (International Human Dimension Programme on Global Environmental
Change (IHDP))
BRONDIZIO, Eduardo S. (Department of Anthropology, Indiana University Bloomington, Indiana, USA)
28 January, 2012
Diverse responses observed in the recent development of oil palm cultivation in Southeast Asia
YANAGISAWA Masayuki (Kyoto University)
HOANG, Nguyet Thi Minh (Kyoto University)
KATO Tsuyoshi (RIHN)
14 February, 2012
Thinking about Environmental Sustainability - Lessons from the USA and Japan
SINHA, Deb Ranjan (RIHN / Michigan Technological University)
2 March, 2012
2 types of colonization: Hokkaido and South-Ussuri area (late XIX - early XX cent.)
TKACHEV, Sergey (RIHN / Maritime State University named after admiral G. I. Nevelskoi)
16 March, 2012
Mongolia’s dilemma with its development paradigm
ZAMBA, Batjargal (RIHN / World Meteorological Organization)

7. Lunch Seminars (Danwakai)
Lunch Seminars allow all RIHN research staff, including visiting professors, part-time researchers, foreign
researchers and so on, to freely present their individual research to their colleagues in an informal and supportive
forum. As these seminars promote creative thinking and constructive debates, they are held on a biweekly basis.
No.173

No.17419 April, 2011
Toward improving emission estimates of methane from fires
KOBAYASHI Nakako (Project Researcher)
10 May, 2011
Resilience of the Indian Ocean Tsunami’s Affected Farmers in Tamil Nadu, India
LEKPRICHAKUL, Thamana (Senior Project Researcher)95
Outreach Programs and Events

No.175

No.176

No.178

No.180No.181

No.182

No.183

No.184

No.185

No.186

No.187

No.188Outreach Programs and Events

No.179

RIHN

No.17717 May, 2011
Fine-scale habitat use of vocalizing and feeding dugongs in Thailand
ICHIKAWA Kotaro (Project Researcher)
24 May, 2011
Dealing with the juggernaut: Restoring ecosystem services in a rubber monoculture
HARRISON, Rhett D. (Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanic Garden, Chinese Academy of Science)
31 May, 2011
Futurability of peat swamp forest in Sumatra, Indonesia: CO2, Water and Livelihood
ABE Ken-ichi (Professor)
7 June, 2011
A Ethnoarchaeological study on South Asia: a cace of agate-carnelian beads production
ENDO Hitoshi (Project Researcher)
21 June, 2011
Medical checkup for the elderly in Khaling, Druk Yul
SAKAMOTO Ryota (Project Researcher)
19 July, 2011
Second-home settlements of the Moscow-city dwellers and its role for the post-Soviet urbanization of
the region
GUSEVA, Anna (Project Researcher)
30 August, 2011
Understanding Livelihood Security to better address Climate Change Adaptation in East Central
Madagascar
RAZAFINDRABE, Bam H.N (Senior Project Researcher)
4 October, 2011
What kind of science for ‘sustainability’?
NILES, Daniel (Assistant Professor)
18 October, 2011
Transformation of Urban-Rural Relationship and the Characteristics of “labour migration” in Zambia
ITO Chihiro (Project Research Associates)
1 November, 2011
A Critique of Normative Social Theory
ABE Akira (Project Researcher)
15 November, 2011
Who cares, as long as the chemicals are not toxic!
HANDOH, Itsuki C. (Associate Professor)
29 November, 2011
The environmental thought in the 14th Dalai Lama
TSUJIMURA Masahide (CCPC)
6 December, 2011
Shanghai Plague Riot (1910): Diversity of ideas and social relation over “Health”
FUKUSHI Yuki (Project Researcher)
20 December, 2011
Pollination mutualism between Colocasiomyia flies and Araceae plants
TAKANO Takenaka Kohei (Project Researcher)

96
RIHN Annual Report 2011No.189No.1907 February, 2012
Exploring the point at the intersection of Environmental Humanics of the Earth System with ontology
engineering
KUMAZAWA Terukazu (Assistant Professor)
21 February, 2012
Large-N questionnaire survey in Sarawak, Malaysia: Quantitative analysis of social and environmental
factors
SAKAI Shoko (Associate Professor)

8. Publications
8-1. RIHN Series
RIHN Series are books introducing RIHN’s research results to the general public. The following titles were­published in fiscal year 2011.
Seibutsutayousei Douikasuka? – Hozen·Riyou·Bunpai wo Kangaeru (How to Utilize Biodiversity?: A Study for
Preservation, Use and Distribution)
Edited by YAMAMURA Norio, Showado, October 2011 (in Japanese).
Shoku to Nou no Mirai – Eurasia Ichimannen no Tabi (The Future of Human Food: 10000 years history of Eurasia)
Written by SATO Yo-Ichiro, Showado, March 2012 (in Japanese).
8-2. RIHN Book Series (in English)
This series introduce the fruit of research findings by RIHN to the International science community. The following
title was published in fiscal year 2011.
Island Futures: Conservation and Development Across the Asia-Pacific Region
BALDACCHINO, Godfrey, NILES, Daniel (Eds.) , Springer, 20118-3. RIHN News: Humanity & Nature Newsletter
This periodical communicates RIHN identity and latest news to specific research communities. The newsletter ispublished in an A4 format with easy-to read content. Issues 31-35 were published in fiscal year 2011.
9. Press Conference
RIHN periodically holds official press conferences in order to release information on its academic activities,
research projects, symposia, publications and latest environmental findings. As a public institution with a publicmandate, such activities provide an important link between RIHN and the citizenry. Three press conferences were heldin fiscal 2011.

97
Individual Achievements

Individual Achievements
A

B
C

E
F

G

J
K

Individual Achievements

I

Project Researcher
Professor
Visiting Research Fellow
Professor
Visiting Research Fellow
Visiting Research Fellow
Project Researcher
Visiting Researcher
Senior Project Researcher
Project Researcher
Visiting Associate Professor
Senior Project Researcher
Project Researcher
Visiting Professor
Visiting Professor
Project Researcher
Project Research Associate
Associate Professor
Project Researcher
Visiting Professor
Associate Professor
Visiting Researcher
Visiting Research Fellow
Project Researcher
Project Researcher
Project Research Associate
Project Researcher
Visiting Professor
Project Research Associate
Visiting Associate Professor
Visiting Researcher
Project Researcher
Project Researcher
Project Research Associate
Visiting Researcher
Project Researcher
Visiting Research Fellow
Professor
Project Research Associate
Project Research Associate
Project Researcher
Visiting Professor
Visiting Researcher
Professor
Visiting Professor
Project Research Associate
Visiting Researcher
Guest Professor
Project Research Associate
Project Researcher

RIHN

H

ABE AkiraABE Ken-ichi
AJITHPRASAD, Pottentavida
AKIMICHI Tomoya
BENKHALIFA, Abderrahmane
BRUTSAERT, Wilfried Hendrik
CAI, Guoxi
CHANG, Yu-Hui
CHENGZHIENDO Hitoshi
FUJITA Noboru
FUJIWARA Junko
FUKUSHI Yuki
FUKUSHIMA Takehiko
GOTO Tamon
GUSEVA, Anna
HAFIZ KOURA, Hafiz Mohamed Fathy
HANDOH Itsuki C.
HAYASHI Kengo
HIMIYAMA Yukio
HIYAMA Tetsuya
HON, Jason
HONG, Sungheup
HONJO MieHOSOYA Aoi
IBUKI Naomi
ICHIKAWA Kotaro
IEDA Osamu
ISHII YumeISHIKAWA Satoshi
ISHIMARU Eriko
ISHIMOTO Yudai
ISHIYAMA ShunITO Chihiro
IWASAKI Shinpei
JIANG, Hongwei
JORDAN, Peter DavidKADA Ryohei
KAMURA Nozomi
KATO Hisaaki
KATO Satoshi
KATO Tsuyoshi
KATO Yumi
KAWABATA Zen'ichiro
KAWASAKI Masahiro
KIHIRA Tomoe
KIMURA Emi
KINOSHITA Tetsuya
KITAMURA Naoko
KOBAYASHI Nakako

98
RIHN Annual Report 2011

L
M

N

O

P
R
S

KODA Ryosuke
KOHMATSU Yukihiro
KOMURA Yohei
KOSAKA Yasuyuki
KOYAMA Masami
KOYAMA Shuzo
KUBOTA Jumpei
KUMAZAWA Terukazu
KUME Takashi
KURATA Takashi
LEKPRICHAKUL, Thamana
MAKIBAYASHI Keisuke
MASUDA Tadayoshi
MASUDA Yoshie
MATOH Toru
MATSUDA Hiroko
MATSUNAGA Kohei
MCCAULEY, Stephen Michael
MCGEE, Terence Gary
MEUTIA, Ami Aminah
MINAMOTO Toshifumi
MIYAZAKi Hidetoshi
MIZUMA Sakiko
MOJI Kazuhiko
MORI Wakaha
MURAMATSU Koichi
MURAMATSU ShinNAGAO Seiya
NAITO Daisuke
NAKAJIMA Tsuneo
NAKAMURA Oki
NAKAMURA Ryo
NAKANO Takanori
NAKATSUKA Takeshi
NAOE Shoji
NARAMA Chiyuki
NAWATA Hiroshi
NILES, Daniel Ely
NISHIMOTO Futoshi
NOSE Mitsuhiro
OGAWA Haruka
OKUDA Toshinori
OKUMIYA Kiyohito
ONISHI Masayuki
OSADA Toshiki
OSHIMA Kazuhiro
OTANI Megumi
PONGVONGSA, Tiengkham
RAZAFINDRABE, Bam Haja Nirina
SAITO Satoshi

Project Researcher
Assistant Professor
Visiting Researcher
Project Researcher
Project Research Associate
Visiting Professor
Associate Professor
Assistant Professor
Associate Professor
Associate Professor
Senior Project Researcher
Senior Project Researcher
Senior Project Researcher
Project Research Associate
Visiting Professor
Project Researcher
Research Fellow, NIHU Center for Area Studies
Visiting Research Fellow
Visiting Research Fellow
Project Researcher
Senior Project Researcher
Project Researcher
Project Research Associate
Professor
Senior Project Researcher
Visiting Associate Professor
Professor
Visiting Professor
Assistant Professor
Visiting Professor
Project Researcher
Project Researcher
Professor
Visiting Professor
Visiting Researcher
Project Researcher
Associate Professor
Assistant Professor
Project Researcher
Project Researcher
Visiting Researcher
Visiting Professor
Associate Professor
Senior Project Researcher
Professor
Project Researcher
Project Research Associate
Visiting Research Fellow
Senior Project Researcher
Project Researcher

99
Individual Achievements

T

Y

Z

※Job titles listed above are as of March 31st, 2012.
(For those who retired in the middle of fiscal 2011, the job titles of that time are listed.)

Individual Achievements

W

Associate Professor
Senior Project Researcher
Project Researcher
Visiting Researcher
Visiting Professor
Professor
Associate Professor
Visiting Researcher
Visiting Professor
Project Research Associate
Visiting Associate Professor
Visiting Research Fellow
Director-General
Project Researcher
Project Researcher
Project Researcher
Associate Professor
Professor
Visiting Research Fellow
Project Researcher
Project Researcher
Visiting Research Fellow
Senior Project Researcher
Visiting Professor
Project Research Associate
Associate Professor
Visiting Researcher
Associate Professor
Assistant Professor
Project Research Associate
Visiting Professor
Project Researcher
Professor
Project Research Associate
Visiting Research Fellow
Professor
Project Researcher
Assistant Professor
Project Research Associate
Visiting Associate Professor
Project Researcher
Professor
Visiting Research Fellow
Senior Project Researcher

RIHN

U

SAKAI Shoko
SAKAI Toru
SAKAMOTO Ryota
SASAKI Naoko
SATO Tetsu
SATO Yo-Ichiro
SEKINO Tatsuki
SEO Akihiro
SHIBAYAMA Mamoru
SHIMIZU Hiromi
SHIRAIWA Takayuki
SINHA, Deb Ranjan
TACHIMOTO Narifumi
TAKAHARA Teruhiko
TAKANO Takenaka Kohei
TAMURA Ulara
TANAKA Ueru
TANIGUCHI Makoto
TKACHEV, Sergey
TOJO Bumpei
TOMITA Shinsuke
TSERING, Norbu
TSUJINO Riyou
UCHIBORI Motomitsu
UCHIKADO Megumi
UCHIYAMA Junzo
UESUGI Akinori
UMETSU Chieko
UYAR, Aysun
WANG, NaWATANABE Hisami
WATANABE Mitsuko
WATANABE Tsugihiro
WEYGANDT, Mayumi Kanzaki
YAHYA, Andi Saputra
YAMAMURA Norio
YAOTA Kiyoyuki
YASUTOMI Natsuko
YODEN Makoto
YOKOYAMA Satoshi
YOSHINAGA Kazumi
YUMOTO Takakazu
ZAMBA, Batjargal
ZEBALLOS VELARDE, Carlos Renzo

100
RIHN Annual Report 2011

ABE, Ken-ichi
Professor

Born in 1958.
[Academic Career]
Department of Tropical Agriculture, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, D. Course(1989)
Department of Agriculture Biology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyoto University(1984)[Professional Career]
Professor, Research Institute for Humanity and Nature(2008)
Associate Professor, Center for Integrated Area Studies, Kyoto University(2006)
Adjunct Associate Professor, School of Advanced Sciences, The Graduate University of Advanced
Studies(2000)
Associate Professor, Japan Center for Area Studies, National Museum of Ethnology(1999)
Assistant Professor, Japan Center for Area Studies, National Museum of Ethnology(1996)
Assistant Professor, Center for Southeast Asian Studies, Kyoto University(1989)[Higher Degrees]
M. Agr. (Kyoto University, 1987)[Fields of Specialization]
Area Study
Environmental Anthropology[Academic Society Memberships]
The Japan Society of Tropical Ecology
The International Society of Volunteer Studies in JapanThe Japan Society for Southeast Asian Studies
The Society of the Biosophia Studies―Achievements―[Research Presentations][Oral Presentation]
・ABE Ken-ichi Dialogue for water: from local to international - Water and Culture: Creative mediation.
The 6th World Water Forum, 2012,03,12-2012,03,17, Marseille, Flance.

[Poster Presentation]
・ABE Ken-ichi・NILES Daniel Asia: Proving ground for global sustainability. Planet Under Pressure 2012,2012,03,26-2012,03,29, London.

AKIMICHI, Tomoya
Professor

Born in 1946.
[Academic Career]
Department of Anthropology, Faculty of Science, The University of Tokyo, D. Course (1977)
Department of Anthropology, Faculty of Science, The University of Tokyo, M. Course (1974)

101
Individual Achievements

Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Kyoto University (1968)[Professional Career]
Professor, Research Institute for Humanity and Nature (2002)
Head of Department, Department of Cultural Research, National Museum of Ethnology (1999)
Adjunct Professor, School of Advanced Sciences, The Graduate University of Advanced Studies (1998)
Professor, Department of Cultural Research, National Museum of Ethnology (1995)
Professor, 1st Research Department, National Museum of Ethnology (1992)
Adjunct Associate Professor, Faculty of Cultural Research, The Graduate University of Advanced Studies(1988)
Associate Professor, 1st Research Department, National Museum of Ethnology (1987)
Assistant Professor, 2nd Research Department, National Museum of Ethnology (1977)[Higher Degrees]
D.Sc. (The University of Tokyo, 1986), M.Sc. (The University of Tokyo, 1974)[Fields of Specialization]
Ecological Anthropology, Ethno-Biology[Academic Society Memberships][Awards]
Daido-Seimei Chiiki-Kenkyu Shorei-Sho in 1998 (Award for Promotion of Area Studies by Daido Life
Insurance Company in 1998)[Books][Chapters/Sections]・Tomoya Akimichi 2011 Changing Coastal Commons in a Sub-Tropical Island Ecosystem, Yaeyama Islands,
Japan. Island Futures:Conservation and Development Across the Asia-Pacific Region. Global
Environmental Studies. Springer, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, pp.125-137.

[Papers][Original Articles]
・Matsui Akira, Sato Yo-ichiro, Yumoto Takakazu, Ishige Naomichi and Akimichi Tomoya 2011,11 The 13th
Symposium of the National Institutes of Humanities (NIHU) Food- A cross-point of Biological andCultural Diversities. (Panel Discussion). Ningen-Bunka 12 :44-57. (in Japanese)[Research Presentations][Oral Presentation]
・Akimichi Tomoya Forest and Culture in Asia. International Symposium Shrine Forest(Mori) Culture in
East Asia and Sustainable Conservation, 2011,12,23, Council of Agriculture Executive Yuan Forestry
Bureau, International Conference Hall, Taipei, Taiwan.
・Akimichi Tomoya Fish Conservation and Protected Areas as Effective Means for the Goal of Sustainable
Ocean Initiatives in Asia and the Pacific. The 2nd East Asian Anthropology and Ethnology Forum,
2011,11,09-2011,11,10, RIHN.

[Invited Lecture / Honoronary Lecture / Panelist]
・Akimichi Tomoya From the Living Wisdom of Ocean. Japanese Culture Research Seminar, 2011,08,25,
Makami Community Center, Takatsuki, Osaka.

Individual Achievements―Achievements―

RIHN

The Society of the Bio-Sophia Studies, The Society of Human and Animal Relations, The Society of theEnvironmental Sociology, The Society of Ecological Anthropology, The Society of Tropical Ecology

102
RIHN Annual Report 2011

・Akimichi Tomoya Panelist on "Satoumi: Rebuilding Fisheries and Coastal Communities". Great East Japan
Earthquake Rebuilding Symposium -Exploring Integrative Approaches from Land to Sea-,
2011,08,05-2011,08,05, United Nations University Headquarters, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo.
・ Akimichi Tomoya Thinking Sanriku Sea and Environment from Kyoto. Asnii Golden Age Academy,
2011,07,01, Kyoto Asnii, Kyoto.

Chengzhi(Kicengge)
Senior Project Researcher

Born in 1968.
[Academic Career]
Department of Oriental History, Graduat school of Letters, Kyoto University, D. Course (2003)
Department of Oriental History, Graduat school of Letters, Kyoto University, M. Course (2000)
Deparment of Chinese language literature, Ili Normal University, China(1990)[Professional Career]
Docent, Kyoto University,(1997～1998)
Docent,Kyoto Women's University,(2000～2004)
Foreigner co investigator, Kyoto University(2004～2004)
JSPS Research Fellow,Research Institute for Humanity and Nature(2005[Higher Degrees]
Litt. D.(Kyoto University, 2004)
Litt. M.(Kyoto University, 2000)[Fields of Specialization]
Oriental History, History of Qing Empire, Manchu Philology[Academic Society Memberships]
Tōyōshi Kenkyūkai(The Society of Oriental), Shigaku Kenkyūkai(The Society of Historical Research),
Manzokushi kenkyūkai(The Japanese Association for Manchu and Qing studies)―Achievements―[Papers][Original Articles]
・Chengzhi(Kicengge) 2011 The Illusion of the Nerchinsk Treaty Boundary-stone: The Map of the Amur
Region in Manchu. The National Palace Museum Research Quarterly 29(1) :147-236. (in Chinese)(reviewed).

FUKUSHI Yuki
Project Researcher[Academic Career]
Department of education, Faculty of social studies,Tokyo Gakugei University, M.Course(2000)
Department of sociology, faculty of social sciences,Hitotsubashi University, D.Course(2007)

103
Individual Achievements[Professional Career]
Research fellow of JSPS(2007)[Higher Degrees]
D.Social Sciences(Hitotsubashi University,2007)
M.Arts(Tokyo Gakugei University,2000)[Fields of Specialization]
History(Modern and Contemporary China)[Academic Society Memberships]
The Socio-Ecinomic History Society
The Historical Sciences Society of JapanThe Japan Association for Modern China Studies
Asian Society for Social History of Medicine―Achievements―[Research Presentations]・Yuki FUKUSHI Control of Human Feces and Schistosomiasis Prevention in Yunnan, 1950s-60s. Internatonal
W.S. on the History of Schistosomiasis in China, 2011,10,08, Shanghai, China.
・Yuki FUKUSHI Shanghai Plague Riot(1910). Annual Conference of Political Economy and Economic History
Society, 2011,06,25, Tokyo, Japan. (in Japanese)

HANDOH, Itsuki C.
Associate Professor

Born in 1974.
[Academic Career]
School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, D. Course (2000)
Department of Marine Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Fisheries (1996)[Professional Career]
Associate Professor, Research Institute for Humanity and Nature (2011)
Assistant Professor, Center for Marine Environmental Studies, Ehime University (2007)
Visiting Researcher, Research Institute for Humanity and Nature (2007)
Senior Project Researcher, Research Institute for Humanity and Nature (2006)
Consultant, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom(2005)
Research Associate, Department of Applied Mathematics & Sheffield Centre for Earth Observation
Science, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom (2004)
Senior Research Associate, School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich,
United Kingdom (2001)
Teaching Assistant, School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, United
Kingdom (1998)

Individual Achievements

・ Yuki FUKUSHI Public Helath and Modern Urban Society :focusing on Shanghai Plague Riot(1910).
International W.S. on Epidemics and Pandemics in Historical Perspective, 2011,10,28, dusserdolf,
Germany.

RIHN[Oral Presentation]

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RIHN Annual Report 2011

Research Assistant in Physics and Environmental Modelling, Departmentof Ocean Sciences, Tokyo University of Fisheries (1996)[Higher Degrees]
Ph.D. (University of East Anglia, 2002)[Fields of Specialization]
Earth Systems Science
Transdisciplinary Mathematical Modelling[Academic Society Memberships]
American Geophysical Union―Achievements―[Papers][Original Articles]
・ Nakayama, K., Sei, N., Handoh, I.C., Shimasaki, Y., Honjo, T., and Oshima, Y. 2011 Effects ofpolychlorinated biphenyls on liver functions and sexual characteristics in Japanese medaka (Oryzias
latipes) . Marine Pollution Bulletin 63(5-12) :366-369.

[Research Presentations][Poster Presentation]
・ Handoh, I.C., and Onishi, T. Humanity Boundaries as humanity-oriented regional counterparts toPlanetary Boundaries. Planet Under Pressure 2012, 2012,03,26-2012,03,29, London.
・Handoh, I.C., and Kawai, T. An integrated environmental risk assessment framework to define Planetary
Boundaries for chemical pollution. Planet Under Pressure 2012, 2012,03,26-2012,03,29, London.

HIYAMA Tetsuya
Associate Professor

Born in 1967.
[Academic Career]
1986-1990: College of Natural Sciences, University of Tsukuba
1990-1995: Graduate School of Geoscience, University of Tsukuba[Professional Career]
1995-1995: JSPS Research Fellow, Institute of Geoscience, University of Tsukuba
1995-2001: Assist. Prof., Institute for Hydrospheric-Atmospheric Sciences, Nagoya Univ.
2001-2001: Assist. Prof., Hydrospheric Atmospheric Research Center, Nagoya Univ.
2002-2010: Assoc. Prof., Hydrospheric Atmospheric Research Center, Nagoya Univ.
2010- : Assoc. Prof., Research Institute for Humanity and Nature[Higher Degrees]
Ph.D.(Science), University of Tsukuba, 1995

[Fields of Specialization]
Ecohydrology, Hydrometeorology

105
Individual Achievements―Achievements―[Papers][Original Articles]
・Liu, Y., Hiyama, T., Yasunari, T. and Tanaka, H. 2012,02 A nonparametric approach to estimating
terrestrial evaporation: Validation in eddy covariance sites. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
157 :49-59.(reviewed).
・Suzuki, R., Kobayashi, H., Delbart, N., Asanuma, J. and Hiyama, T. 2011,11 NDVI responses to theforest canopy and floor from spring to summer observed by airborne spectrometer in eastern Siberia.
Remote Sensing of Environment 115 :3615-3624.(reviewed).
・ Hossen, M.S., Mano, M., Miyata, A., Baten, A. and Hiyama, T. 2011,08 Seasonality of ecosystem
respiration in a double-cropping paddy field in Bangladesh. Biogeosciences Discussion 8 :8693-8721.
(reviewed).

[Research Presentations][Oral Presentation]

・Oshima, K. and Hiyama, T. Seasonal and interannual variations of the Lena River discharge and thoserelationships with atmospheric water cycle. 1st International Conference on "Global Warming and the
Human-Nature Dimension in Siberia: Social Adaptation to the Changes of the Terrestrial Ecosystem,with an Emphasis on Water Environments", 2012,03,07-2012,03,09, Lecture Hall, Research Institute for
Humanity and Nature (RIHN), Kyoto.

[Invited Lecture / Honoronary Lecture / Panelist]
・Hiyama, T. Global Warming and the Human-Nature Dimension in Siberia - Social Adaptation to the
Changes of the Terrestrial Ecosystem, with an Emphasis on Water Environments -. Reflections on
Russian "Center-Periphery" Relationships, Institute of Russia-CIS Studies, Korea University,
Humanities Korea (HK) Project, "Studies on Russia: Time and Space of Risks and Opportunities",
2011,05,28, Conference Room 6, Inchon Memorial Hall, Korea University, Seoul, Korea.

HONJO, Mie
Project Researcher[Academic Career]
Department of Zoology, Division of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University,
D. Course (2006)
Department of Zoology, Division of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University,
M. Course (2001)
Department Ecosystem Studies, Shool of Environmental Science, The University of Shiga Prefecture(1999)

Individual Achievements

・Hiyama, T., Asai, K., Kolesnikov, A., Gagarin, L. and Shepelev, V. Residence time estimation of
permafrost groundwater at Yakutsk region, eastern Siberia. 1st International Conference on "Global
Warming and the Human-Nature Dimension in Siberia: Social Adaptation to the Changes of the
Terrestrial Ecosystem, with an Emphasis on Water Environments", 2012,03,07-2012,03,09, Lecture Hall,
Research Institute for Humanity and Nature (RIHN), Kyoto.

RIHN

・ Sakai, T., Hiyama, T., Fujiwara, J., Gotovtsev, S. and Gagarin, L. Flood disaster caused bypermafrost degradation in the far north of Siberia. 1st International Conference on "Global Warming
and the Human-Nature Dimension in Siberia: Social Adaptation to the Changes of the Terrestrial
Ecosystem, with an Emphasis on Water Environments", 2012,03,07-2012,03,09, Lecture Hall, ResearchInstitute for Humanity and Nature (RIHN), Kyoto.

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RIHN Annual Report 2011

[Professional Career]
Research Fellow, Research Institule for Humanity and Nature(2006)[Higher Degrees]
D.Sc.(Kyoto University,2006)
M.Sc.(Kyoto University,2001)[Fields of Specialization]
Aquatic Microbial Ecology
Viral Ecology
Limnology[Academic Society Memberships]
American Society for Microbiology
Ecological Society of JapanThe Japanese Society of Limnology―Achievements―[Papers][Original Articles]
・Honjo M. N., Minamoto T., Kawabata Z. 2012,03 Reservoirs of Cyprinid herpesvirus 3 (CyHV-3) DNA in
sediments of natural lakes and ponds. Veterinary Microbiology 155 :183-190. DOI:10.1016/j.vetmic.
2011.09.005.(reviewed).
・Kawabata, Z., Minamoto, T., Honjo, M. N., Uchii, K., Yamanaka, H., Suzuki, A. A., Kohmatsu, Y.,
Asano, K., Itayama, T., Ichijo, T., Omori, K., Okuda, N., Kakehashi, M., Nasu, M., Matsui, K.,
Matsuoka, M., Kong, H., Takahara, T., Wu, D., Yonekura, R. 2011,11 Environment-KHV-carp-human
linkage as a model for environmental diseases.. Ecological Research 26(6) :1011-1016. DOI:10.1007/
s11284-011-0881-9.(reviewed).
・Takahara, T., Yamanaka, H., Suzuki, A. A., Honjo, M. N., Minamoto, T., Yonekura, R., Itayama, T.,
Kohmatsu, Y., Ito, T., Kawabata, Z. 2011,10 Stress response to daily temperature fluctuation incommon carp Cyprinus carpio L. Hydrobiologia 675 :65-73. DOI:10.1007/s10750-011-0796-z.(reviewed).
・Minamoto, T., Honjo, M. N., Yamanaka, H., Tanaka, N., Itayama, T., Kawabata, Z. 2011,06 Detection of
cyprinid herpesvirus-3 DNA in lake plankton.. Research in Veterinary Science 90 :530-532 . DOI:doi:
10.1016/j.rvsc.2010.07.006.(reviewed).

[Research Presentations][Oral Presentation]
・Honjo M N, Minamoto T, Kawabata Z, Seasonal and spatial distribution of Cyprinid herpesvirus 1 andCyprinid herpesvirus 2 in Lake Biwa, Japan. . The 59th Ecological Society of Japan,
2012,03,17-2012,03,21, Shiga, Japan.

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Individual Achievements

HOSOYA, Aoi
Project Researcher

Born in 1967.

―Achievements―[Papers][Original Articles]
・ Aoi Hosoya 2012,03 Rice Farming in the Landscape of “Manyo-shu”. Annual Gazette of Man'yo
Historical Research Institute 10 :59-71. (in Japanese)
・Leo Aoi Hosoya 2012,03 Reconstruction of Ritual by Archaeobotany. A. Abe (ed.) Material and Mind
Reconstructed at Ritual Sites . Kokugakuin University, (in Japanese)

・Leo Aoi Hosoya 2011,04 Staple or Famine Food?: Ethnographic and archaeological approaches to nut
processing in East Asian prehistory. Archaeological and Anthropological Sciences 3(1) :7-17. DOI:
10.1007/s12520-011-0059-y.(reviewed).

[Research Presentations][Oral Presentation]
・Leo Aoi Hosoya Early Rice Farmers’ Routine-Scape: Food processing and social value of food. FY2011
NEOMAP Landscape Workshop, 2011,10,07-2011,10,09, Research Institute for Humanity and Nature, Kyoto,
Japan. (in Japanese)
・Leo Aoi Hosoya Rice Farming in the Landscape of “Manyo-shu”. The 8th Manyo Historical ResearchInstitute Open Symposium “Manyo-shu & Ethnography”, 2011,09,25, Manyo Historical ResearchInstitute, Nara, Japan. (in Japanese)
・Leo Aoi Hosoya Traditional Raised-floor Granary in Bali and Its Meaning for Local Community: From thescope of past, present and future of Bali agriculture. The 12th International Conference on Quality
in Research, 2011,07,04-2011,07,06, Bali, Indonesia.
・Leo Aoi Hosoya Exploring the Broad Resource Base of Early Rice Farmers: Processing experiments ofpeach and apricot kernels. Early Rice Cultivation & Its Weed Flora Symposium, 2011,05,30-2011,05,31,
Beijing University, China.
・Leo Aoi Hosoya Processing of Wild Food Plants in Neolithic Yangtze Area Ethnographic and experimental
approaches for reconstructing diversity in early rice farmers’ subsistence strategy. Hemudu Culture
International Forum: In Global Perspective, 2011,05,26-2011,05,28, Yuyao city, Zhejiang, China.

[Invited Lecture / Honoronary Lecture / Panelist]
・Leo Aoi Hosoya Early Rice Farmers’ Routine-scape in East Asia: Archaeobotanical reconstruction.
Faculty of Arts, University of Ljubljana, Slovenia, 2011,11,22, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
・Leo Aoi Hosoya Surviving Tradition and Disappearing Tradition: ‘Old days’ landscape with raisedfloor granaries in Amami Oshima, Japan. Anton Melik Geography Institute, Slovenia, 2011,11,21,
Ljubljana, Slovenia.

Individual Achievements

・Y.I. Sato, L.A. Hosoya, E. Kimura, T. Kurata, C. Muto & K. Tanaka 2011,04 Sustainable Agriculture:
The lessons from history. SANSAI: An Environmental Journal for the Global Community 5 :69-81.

RIHN

・Aoi Hosoya 2011,08 Analyses of Carbonised Remains from the Izumi Saka Shita Site Celamic Jars. M.
Suzuki (ed.) Research of the Izumi Saka Shita Site: Middle Yayoi Reburial Grave with pottery ofhuman face design. Rokuichi Shobo. pp.96-97. (in Japanese)

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RIHN Annual Report 2011

ICHIKAWA Kotaro
Project researcher

Born in 1978.
[Academic Career]
Faculty of Agriculture, Kyoto University(B.S. 1999-2003)
Biosphere Informatics, Graduate School of Informatics, Kyoto University(M.S. 2003-2005)
Biosphere Informatics, Graduate School of Informatics, Kyoto University(Ph. D. 2005-2007)[Professional Career]
2005.4-2007.9. Research fellow of the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (DC1)2007.10.-2008.3 Research fellow of the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (PD)2008.4-2010.9 Research fellow of the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (PD)2010.10- Project researcher at Research Institute for Humanity and Nature[Higher Degrees]
Bachelor of Agriculture (Kyoto University, 2003)
Master of Informatics (Kyoto University, 2005)
Doctor of Philosophy of Informatics (Kyoto University, 2007)[Fields of Specialization]
Bioacoustics[Academic Society Memberships]
Japanese Society of Fisheries Science
Acouctical Society of America
Advanced Marined Science and Technology
Japanese Society of Biologging Science[Awards]
1. TOP 10 ARTICLES PUBLISHED IN THE SAME DOMAIN SINCE YOUR PUBLICATION (2010), BioMedLib, Ichikawa K,
Akamatsu T, Shinke T, Sasamori K, Miyauchi Y, Abe Y, Adulyanukosol K, Arai N: Detection probability of
vocalizing dugongs during playback of conspecific calls. J Acoust Soc Am; 2009 Oct;126(4):1954-9,
September 10, 2010.
2. 海洋理工学会平成 19 年度業績賞 (2008), 海洋理工学会, 5 月 16 日（京都大学情報学研究科バイオテレメトリ
ーチームの一員として受賞）
3. Poster award (2004): Kotaro Ichikawa, Tomonari Akamatsu, Tomio Shinke, Nobuaki Arai, Chika
Tsutsumi & Kanjana Adulyanukosol, Acoustical monitoring of dugong,
10-12, 2004

OCEANS’04/TECHNO-OCEAN, November―Achievements―[Papers][Original Articles]
・Ichikawa, K., Akamatsu, T., Arai, N., Shinke, T., and Adulyanukosol, K., 2011,06 "Callback responseof dugongs to conspecific chirp playbacks". Journal of Acoustical Society of America 129(6) :3623-3629.(reviewed).

109
Individual Achievements[Research Presentations][Oral Presentation]
・Sakura Komiyama, Kotaro Ichikawa and Nobuaki Arai, "Development of software for extracting contoursof animal vocalization". The 8th International Symposium on SEASTAR2000 and Asian Bio-logging
Science (The 12th SEASTAR2000 Workshop), 2012,02,20-2012,02,21, Bangkok, Thailand.
・Ichikawa, K., Adulyanukosol, K., Akamatsu, T., Arai, N., Ando-Mizobata, N., Shinke, T., "Spatial
distribution patterns of solitary, cow-calf pairs and vocalizing dugongs around Talibong Island,
Thailand". 19th biennial conference on the biology of marine mammals, 2011,11,27-2011,12,02, Tampa,
Florida, USA.
・Ichikawa K., Akamatsu, T., Adulyanukosol, K., Damianni, G., Lanyon, J, "Intraspecific variation in
vocal repertoire among dugong populations". The Fifth International Sirenian Symposium 2011,2011,11,27, Tampa, Florida, USA.
・Damiani, Giovanni, Ichikawa, Kotaro, Lanyon, Janet, "Acoustic characteristics of dugong vocalizationsand vocal behaviour of herds in southern Queensland, Australia". Fifth International Sirenian
Symposium 2011, 2011,11,27, Tampa, Florida, USA.

・Mitamura, H., Ichikawa, K., Shida, Y., Watanabe, H., Yokota, T., Shoji, J., Shinke, T., and Arai, N.,"A brand-new acoustic positioning telemetry system monitors movements of a site-specific fish, theblackrockfishSebastes
inermis".
1stInternational
ConferenceonFishTelemetery,
2011,06,11-2011,06,18, Sapporo, Japan.

・Damiani, Giovanni, Ichikawa, Kotaro, Lanyon, Janet, "Acoustic characteristics of dugong vocalizationsand vocal behaviour of herds in southern Queensland, Australia". 19th biennial conference on the
biology of marine mammals, 2011,11,27-2012,12,02, Tampa. Florida, USA.
・Noriko Ando-Mizobata, Kotaro Ichikawa, Nobuaki Arai, Kanjana Adulyanukosol, "Daily patterns of vocal
characteristics of dugongs in Thailand". 19th biennial conference on the biology of marine mammals,
2011,11,27-2011,12,02, Tampa, Florida, USA.

ISHIMOTO Yudai
Project Researcher

Born in 1979.
[Academic Career]
Department of Agriculture, Tottori University(2001)
Graduate School of Asian and African Area Studies, Kyoto University（2008）[Professional Career]
Teaching assistant at Kyoto University (2003)[Higher Degrees]
Doctor degree of area studies(Kyoto University,2011)
Master degree of area studies(Kyoto University,2008)[Fields of Specialization]
Ecological anthropology
Area Studies

Individual Achievements[Poster Presentation]

RIHN

・Ichikawa, K., Mitamura, H., Shinke, T., Shida, Y., Watanabe, H., Yokota, T., Shoji, J., and Arai, N.,"Development of a fine-scale acoustic positioning and telemetry system". 1st International
Conference on Fish Telemetery, 2011, 2011,06,12-2011,06,18, Sapporo, Japan.

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RIHN Annual Report 2011

[Academic Society Memberships]
Japan Association for African Studies
The Japanese Association for Arid Land Studies
The Society for Ecological Anthropology―Achievements―[Books][Authored/Co-authored]・Yudai Ishimoto 2012,03 A Livelihood System in Sahel: Adaptation and Coping Behavior for Drought andInsect Damage. Kyoto University African Stuty Series, 006. The Center for African Area Studies of
Kyoto University, Sakyo, Kyoto, 179pp. (in Japanese)[Papers][Original Articles]
・ Yudai ISHIMOTO and Hidetoshi MIYAZAKI 2012,03 Historical Change of Neighborhood Community andMarriage Range of Gwembe Tonga in Southern Zambia. Working Paper on Social-Ecological Resilience
Series 2012(016) :1-19.
・Hidetoshi MIYAZAKI, Yudai ISHIMOTO and Ueru TANAKA 2012,03 The Importance of Sweet Potatoes in Rural
Villages in Southern Province, Zambia. Working Paper on Social-Ecological Resilience Series
2012(15) :1-18.

[Research Presentations][Oral Presentation]
・ Yudai Ishimoto, Mitsunori Yoshimura, Megumi Yamashita, Keiichiro Matsumura, Hidetoshi Miyazaki
Adaptation and Coping Behavior for Food Security in Southern Province. Resilience International
Symposium "Building Social-Ecological Resilience in a Changing World", 2011,06,18-2011,06,20, Kyoto,
Japan.

[Poster Presentation]
・Yudai Ishimoto A Preliminary Study on Reciprocity via Mobile Phones: A Case Study of Small Scale
Farmer in Southern Province of Zambia. Resilience International Symposium "Building SocialEcological Resilience in a Changing World", 2011,06,18-2011,06,20, Kyoto, Japan.

ISHIYAMA, Shun
Project Researcher

Born in 1965.
[Academic Career]
Graduate School of Letters(Comparative Studies of Humanities and Social Sciences), Nagoya University,
D. Course (2006)
Graduate School of Humanities and Social Sciences, Shizuoka University,M.A.Cource(2000)
Tokyo University of Agriculture (1989)[Professional Career]
Staff, NGO Action for Greening Sahel(1993）
Staff, NPO Mori no Enerugi Foramu（2004）

111
Individual Achievements

Lecturer(Part-time), Fukui Prefectural University（2006）
Staff, NPO Echizen(2007）
Project researcher, Research Institute for Humanity and Nature (2008-)[Higher Degrees]
M.A.(Shizuoka University, 2000)
B.A.(Tokyo University of Agriculture, 1989)[Fields of Specialization]
Cultural Anthropology
Development Anthropology[Academic Society Memberships]
Japan Association for African Studies
Japanese Society of Cultural Anthropology
The Japanese Association for Arid Land Studies
Japan Association for Nilo-Ethiopian Studies―Achievements―[Original Articles]・Ishiyama, S. 2011,10 Change of Human Subsistence in the Sahara Oasis-Water supply, farm expansion andhabitation movements through a case study of In Belbel oasis in Algerian Sahara. Journal of Arid
Land studies 21(2) :67-69.(reviewed).

[Research Presentations][Oral Presentation]
・Ishiyama,S., Nawata, H., Mutasim Mekki Mahmoud Elrasheed,Mussab Hassan Abbass Agriculture in Islamic
Area of Republic of the Sudan -A Study of Regional Socio-Ecosystem, Local Agricultural Practice, andTraditional Knowledge To Manage Root Parasitic Weed in Rain-Fed Agricultural System of Semi-Arid
Zone, Gadarif State, Sudan. 5 th Intaernational Symposium on “Religious Dynamics of Contemporary
Africa concerning the destruction of Traditional Life Mode and New Religious Movement,
2011,11,27-2011,11,28, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan. (in Japanese)
・Ishiyama, S. Interactive relations between an environmental NGO and inhabitants inthe southern fringeof the Sahara. 22th Annual Meeting of Japan Society for International Development,
2011,11,26-2011,11,27, . (in Japanese)
・Ishiyama, S., Nawata H., Mutasim Mekki Mahmoud Elrasheed, Mussab Hassan Abbass Study on rain-fed
agricultural system of semi-arid zone, Gadarif state, Sudan, through SATREPS: Towards local-to-local
technology transfer. International Symposium“Present State and Issues of Cooperation between
International Academic Research and Development Assistance in Eastern Sudan: Focusing on
Agriculture, Livelihood, and Environmental Sectors, 2011,09,19-2011,09,19, RIHN, Kyoto, Japan.
・ Ishiyama, S. Changes of Human Subsistence in Sahara Oasis -Water Supply, Farm Expansion and
Habitations Movement, A Case Study of In Belbel. "Desert Thchnology"The International Conference on
Arid Land,, 2011,05,24-2011,05,28, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Tokyo, Japan.
・Ishiyama, S. Cereals Agriculture and Domestic Animalsin the southern fringe of the Sahara – A casestudy of Cereal Cultivator, Gourmantchepeoplein North-East of Burkinafaso. 48th Annual Meeting ofJapan Association for African Studies, 2011,05,21-2011,05,22, Hirosaki University, Aomori, Japan.
(in Japanese)

Individual Achievements

・Ishiyama, S. 2012,03 Human mobility in the drylands of sub-Saharan Africa: The southward migration of
the Kanemubu and drought in the Lake Chad region. AFRO-EURASIAN Inner Dry Land Civilisation 1 :85-97.(reviewed).

RIHN[Papers]

112
RIHN Annual Report 2011

・Ishiyama, S. Changes of Oasis Life in Algerian Sahara -Water Supply, Farm Expansion and Habitations
Movement, A Case Study of In Belbel. Colloque International sur La Foggara, 2011,04,09-2100,04,11,
Algeria, Adrar.

KADA, Ryohei
Professor

Born in 1949.
[Academic Career]
Graduated from Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University
Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison[Professional Career]
Professor of Kyoto University
Policy Research Coordinator, Policy Research Institute of the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and
Fisheries
President, AMITA Research Institute for Sustainable Economies
Visiting Professor,Graduate
University
Professor,RIHN

SchoolofEnvironment

andInformation

Sciences,Yokohama

National[Higher Degrees]
Ph.D.（Univ. of Wisconsin-Madison）[Fields of Specialization]
Agricultural Policy
Environmental Economics
Food Risk Management[Academic Society Memberships]
Ecological Society of Japan
Society of Environmental Science, Japan
Japan Society on Water Environment
The Association of Rural Planning
The Food System Research Association of Japan
International Sustainable Development Research SocietyInternational Association for Agricultural Economists
Asian Association for Agricultural Economists[Awards]
Best Publication Award from Japanese Association of Agricultural Economics by “Part-time Family
Farming” (in English)(1980)
Policy Research Memorial Award from NIRA (National Institute for Research Advancement) by the
publication of “Environmental Conservation and Sustainable Agriculture”(in Japanese)(1991)

113
Individual Achievements―Achievements―[Editing][Editing / Co-editing]・Satoru Sadohara, Fumio Koike, Ryohei kada and Yuichi Sato (ed.) 2011,11 Satoyama Revitalization –Challenges of Yokohama City and kanagawa Prefecture, Japan－. Soshinsha, Tokyo, 256pp. (in Japanese)[Papers][Original Articles]
・ Yaota K. R. Kada, et al. 2011,10 he construction of Spatial data map as a tool for linking
Environmental risk to food and health security in Laguna Lake Watersheds.. 11th ISSAAS Philippine
National and International Forum Proceeding .(Pampanga, Philippines) .
・Kada, R., Ranola R.F.J., Tan J.Z.G. 2011 Impacts of ecological risks on food and health security in
Laguna Lake Watersheds. . Food Security and Health Risk Eradication. Journal of Scientific Paper
Abstract 1(1) :2-7.

[Review Articles][Oral Presentation]
・Bam H.N. Razafindrabe, Kiyoyuki Yaota, Satoshi Saito, Tadayoshi Masuda, Ryohei Kada EcoHealth: How
Changing Environment and Climate affect Human Health and Livelihood Security in the Philippines. thePlanet Under Pressure Conference: New Knowledge Towards Solutions, 2012,03,26-2012,03,29, London,
UK,.
・ Bam H.N. Razafindrabe, Satoshi Saito, Kiyoyuki Yaota, Tadayoshi Masuda, Ryohei Kada Impacts of
Ecological Risks to Food and Health Security in Laguna Lake Region, Philippines. . Global Risk Forum
Davos One Health Summit 2012, 2012,02,19-2012,02,23, Davos, Switzerland.
・ Bam H.N. Razafindrabe, Ryohei Kada Understanding Flood Resilience in the Laguna Lake Region,
Philippines. the 14th World Lake Conference on Lakes, Rivers, Groundwater and Coastal Areas,
Understanding Linkages, 2011,10,31-2011,11,04, Austin, Texas, USA..
・Kiyoyuki YAOTA, Satoshi SAITO, Rogelio N. CONCEPCION, Ryohei KADA The Construction of Spatial Data
Map as a Tool for Linking Environmental Risk to Food and Health Security in Laguna Lake Watersheds..
11th
International
SocietyforSoutheast
Asian
Agricultural
Sciences(ISSAAS),
2011,10,25-2011,10,26, Philippine National Convention and International Forum, Clarkfield, Angeles
City..
・Bam H.N. Razafindrabe, Michael Cuesta, Rogelio Concepcion, Ryohei Kada Assessing Flood Risks in
Laguna Lake Region, Philippines-Implications to Food and Health Security. the 11th International
Society for Southeast Asian Agricultural Sciences (ISSAAS) Philippine National Convention andInternational Forum, 2011,10,25-2011,10,26, Clarkfield, Angeles City, Philippines.
・Bam H.N. Razafindrabe, Ryohei Kada Impacts of Ecological Risks to Food and Health Security in Laguna
Lake Region, Philippines--Focus on Flood Risks Assessment.. the 7th ASAE International Conference on
Meeting the Challenges Facing Asian Agriculture and Agricultural Economics Toward a Sustainable
Future, 2011,10,13-2011,10,15, Hanoi, Vietnam.
・YAOTA Kiyoyuki, KADA Ryohei, SAITO Satoshi Analysis of Factors Affecting Water Quality Degradation in
Laguna Lake Watersheds, Philippines, for Ecological Risk Management. Kinki Branch of EcologicalSociety of Japan (Annual meeting), 2011,06,25, Nara Women’s University, Nara. (in Japanese)

Individual Achievements[Research Presentations]

RIHN

・ Saito, S. and Nakano, T. 2011,07 Water quality mapping of Laguna Lake Watersheds. . Managing
environmental risks to food and health security in sourtheast Asian watersheds. Progress Report. :275-280.Ryohei Kada (ed.) Managing environmental risks to food and health security in sourtheast
Asian watersheds..

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RIHN Annual Report 2011

・Ryohei Kada Empirical Analysis of Food and Health Risk Expansion in the Philippines（Special Session
Program）. Program of the 12th Spring Conference, The Japan Society for International Development,
2011,06,04, JICA Research Institute.
・Bam H.N. Razafindrabe, Ryohei Kada Flood Resilience in a changing Climate and Environment -A CaseStudy of the Laguna Lake Region, Philippines.. the 2nd World Congress on Cities and Adaptation to
Climate Change, 2011,06,03-2011,06,05, Bonn, Germany.
・Masuda, T., and R. Kada Agricultural Revival by Utilizing Biofuel Crops: How to Rehabilitate theFarmland Contaminated with Redioactive Materials or Damaged from Seawater After the 3/11 East Japan
Earthquake and Tsunami?. The17th Annual International Sustainable Development Research Conference,
2011,05,10-2011,05,12, Alfred J. Lerner Hall, The Earth Institute, Columbia University..
・Bam H.N. Razafindrabe, Ryohei Kada Interlinkage between Ecological Risks and Food and Health Security
in a Fast-Growing Environment -A Case-Study of the Laguna Lake Region, Philippines. the 17th Annual
International Sustainable Development Research Conference on Moving Toward a Sustainable Future,
2011,05,08-2011,05,10, New York, USA..
・Razafindrabe B.H.N., R. Kada Understanding flood resilience in the Laguna Lake Region, Philippines..
14th World Lakes Conference, 2011, Austin, Texas USA.

[Poster Presentation]
・Bam H.N. Razafindrabe, Kiyoyuki Yaota, Satoshi Saito, Tadayoshi Masuda, Ryohei Kada EcoHealth: How
Changing Environment and Climate affect Human Health and Livelihood Security in the Philippines.
Planet Under Pressure Conference:, 2012,03,26-2012,03,26, London.
・Saito, S., Nakano, T., Shin, K.-C., Maruyama, S., Miyakawa, C., Yaota, K. and Kada, R. Water quality
mapping of Laguna de Bay and its watershed, Philippines. . American Geophysical Union, Fall Meeting
Abstract H53K-1558, 2011,12,09, San Francisco, CA, USA..
・Saito, S., Nakano, T., Shin, K.-C., Maruyama, S., Miyakawa, C., Yaota, K. and Kada, R. Water quality
mapping of Laguna de Bay and its watershed, Philippines. (3P-23). Annual Meeting of GSJ 2011,2011,11,16, Hokkaido University . (in Japanese)・ Kiyoyuki YAOTA, Satoshi SAITO, Bam H.N. Razafindrabe, Ryohei KADA The Integration of Spatial
Information for Management of Food and Health Security - The Case of Laguna Lake, Philippines. .
PNC2012(Pacific
Neighborhood
Consortium)
AnnualConference
and
Joint
Meetings,
2011,10,19-2011,10,22, Sasin Graduate Institute of Business Administration of Chulalongkorn
University.

KATO, Yumi
Visiting Researcher[Academic Career]
Faculty of Letters Arts and Sciences, Waseda University (2003)
Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University (2006)
Graduate School of Asian and African Area Studies, Kyoto University (2009)[Professional Career]
JSPS Research Fellow (DC, 2008)
JSPS Research Fellow (PD, 2010)[Higher Degrees]
Master (Kyoto University, 2006)
Ph. D. (Kyoto University, 2011)[Fields of Specialization]
Cultural Anthropology
Ecological Anthropology

115
Individual Achievements

Ethnobiology[Academic Society Memberships]
International Society of Ethnobiology (ISE)
Malaysian Social Science Association (PSSM)Japanese Society of Cultural Anthropology
The Society for Ecological Anthropology
Japan Society for Southeast Asian Studies
Japan Society of Tropical Ecology―Achievements―[Papers][Original Articles]
・Kato, Y. 2012,02 Expansion of oil palm plantations and its effect on local people’s subsistence
activities.. Collapse and Restoration of Ecosystem Networks with Human Activity. Research Institutefor Humanity and Nature. :178-184.
・Sakai, S., Choy, Y.K., Koizumi, M., Kishimoto-Yamada, K., Ichikawa, M., Kato, Y., Takano, T. K.,
Itioka, T., Soda, R., Samejima, H., Nakashizuka, T. 2012,02 Changes in the lives of indigenous
people and their environments in Sarawak. . Collapse and Restoration of Ecosystem Networks with
Human Activity. Research Institute for Humanity and Nature. :185-189.

RIHN

・Hon, J., Sakai. S., Choy, Y. K., Koizumi, M., Kishimoto-Yamada, K., Ichikawa. M., Kato, Y., Takano,
T.K., Itioka, T., Soda, R., Samejima, H. 2012,02 Distribution and trend of animal abundance in the
Rajang and Baram regions, Sarawak, based on questionnaire survey. . Collapse and Restoration of
Ecosystem Networks with Human Activity. Research Institute for Humanity and Nature. :158-165.

Individual Achievements[Research Presentations][Oral Presentation]
・Kato, Y., Samejima, H., Ichikawa, M., Soda, R., Alternatives of Local People’s Subsistence Activity
in Kemena and Anap River Basin.. Annual Meeting on “Planted Forests in Equatorial Southeast Asia:
Human-nature Interactions in High Biomass Society”, 2012,01,27-2012,01,28, Kyoto University.
・Soda, R., Kato, Y. Oil Palm Smallholder in Tubau, Bintulu.. Annual Meeting on “Planted Forests inEquatorial
Southeast
Asia:
Human-nature
Interactions
inHigh
Biomass
Society”,
2012,01,27-2012,01,28, Kyoto University.

[Invited Lecture / Honoronary Lecture / Panelist]
・Kato Y. Dynamics of human activities and its impact on ecological resources in Malaysia.. RIHN-NTU
Biodiversity Colloquium., December 2011, Taipei, Taiwan.

KAWABATA, Zen'ichiro
Professor

Born in 1946.
[Academic Career]
Department of Biology, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, unfinished D Course (1975)
Department of Biology, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, M. Course (1973)
Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Tohoku University (1971)

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RIHN Annual Report 2011

[Professional Career]
Professor, Research Institute for Humanity and Nature(2005)
Professor(Concurrent), Center for Marine Environmental Studies, Ehime University(1999)
Professor, Center for Ecological Research, Kyoto University (1998)
Professor, Department of Environmental Conservation, Ehime University(1996)
Associate Professor, Department of Environmental Conservation, Ehime University(1983)
Lecturer, Department of Environmental Conservation, Ehime University(1981)
Assistant Professor, Faculty of Science, Biological Institute, Tohoku University (1977)
Technician, Faculty of Science, Biological Institute, Tohoku University (1975)[Higher Degrees]
Dr. Sci. (Tohoku University, 1977)
Ms. Sci. (Tohoku University, 1973)[Fields of Specialization]
Microbial Ecology, Aquatic Ecosystem Ecology[Academic Society Memberships]
The Ecological Society of JapanThe Japanese Society of Microbial Ecology
The Japanese Society of Limnology
Japanese Society of Water Treatment Biology
Japanese Society for Environmental Biotechnology
The Japanese Society of Fisheries Sciences
Japan Society on Water Environment
Society of Environmental Science, Japan
International Association for Theoretical and Applied Limnology.
The Nature Conservation Society of Japan[Awards]
Ehime Publication and Culture Prize, 2000(with coauthors)(2000)―Achievements―[Papers][Original Articles]
・Honjo M N, Minamoto T, Kawabata Z, 2012,03 Reservoirs of Cyprinid herpesvirus 3 (CyHV-3) DNA in
sediments of natural lakes and ponds. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 155 :183-190. DOI:
10.1016/j.vetmic.2011.09.005.(reviewed).
・Perrings C, Naeem S, Ahrestani F, Bunker D E, Burkill P, Ganziani G, Elmqvist T, Ferrati R, Fuhrman
J, Jaksic F, Kawabata Z, Kinzig A, Mace G M, Milano F, Mooney H, Prieur-Richard A H, Tschirhart J,
and Weisser W, 2011,11 Ecosystem services, targets and indicators for the conservation andsustainable use of biodiversity. Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment 9 :512-520. DOI:
10.1890/100212.(reviewed).
・Kawabata Z, Minamoto T, Honjo MN, Uchii K, Yamanaka H, Suzuki AA, Kohmatsu Y, Asano K, Itayama T,
Ichijo T, Omori K, Okuda N, Kakehashi M, Nasu M, Matsui K, Matsuoka M, Kong, H, Takahara T, Wu D,
and Yonekura R, 2011,10 Environment-KHV-carp-human linkage as a model for environmental diseases.
Ecological Research . DOI:10.1007/s11284-011-0881-9.(reviewed).Special feature.
・ Kawabata Z, 2011,10 Environmental change, pathogens, and human linkages. Part 2: concepts andperspectives. Ecological Research 26(6) :1009. DOI:10.1007/s11284-011-0885-5.(reviewed).Special
future.

117
Individual Achievements

・Kawabata Z, 2011,09 Environmental change, pathogens, and human linkages. Part 1: ecological casestudies. Ecological Research 26(5) :863-864. DOI:10.1007/s11284-011-0875-7.(reviewed).Special
Feature.
・Fuma S, Kawaguchi I, Kubota Y, Yoshida S, Kawabata Z, Polikarpov GG 2011,09 Effects of chronic γirradiation on the aquatic microbial microcosm: equi-dosimetric comparison with effects of heavy
metals. Journal of Environmental Radioactivity . DOI:1016/j.jenvrad.2011.09.005.(reviewed).
・Takahara T, Yamanaka H, Suzuki A A, Honjo M, Minamoto T, Yonekura R, Itayama T, Kohmatsu Y, Ito T,
Kawabata Z, 2011,07 Stress response to temparature fluctuation during a day of common carp Cyprinus
carpio L. Hydrobiologia 675(1) :65-73. DOI:10.1007/s10750-011-0796-z.(reviewed).
・Minamoto T, Honjo M N, Yamanaka H, Uchii K, and Kawabata Z, 2011,07 Nationwide Cyprinid herpesvirus 3
contamination in natural rivers of Japan. Research in Veterinary Science . DOI:10.1016/j.rvsc.
2011.06.004.(reviewed).
・Minamoto T, Honjo M N, Yamanaka H, Tanaka N, Itayama T, Kawabata Z, 2011,06 Detection of cyprinid
herpesvirus-3 DNA in Lake Plankton. Research in Veterinary Science 90(3) :530-532. DOI:10.1016/
j.rvsc.2010.07.006.(reviewed).
・Kawabata Z, 2011 Ecosystem conservation to attenuate environmental diseases. Japanese Journal of Zoo
and Wildlife Medicine 16(2) :83-88.(reviewed).In Japanese with English summary.

[Research Presentations]

RIHN

・ Minamoto T, Yamanaka H, Takahara T, Honjo M N, Kawabata Z, 2011 Surveillance of fish species
composition using environmental DNA. Limnology . DOI:10.1007/s10201-011-0362-4.(reviewed).in press.

[Oral Presentation]

・Kawabata Z, Summary and perspectives, Symposium on Interactions of Pathogen–Host with Environments.
The East Asian Federation of Ecological Societies, 2012,03,21, Otsu, Japan.
・Takahara T, Doi H, Minamoto T, Yamanaka H, and Kawabata Z, Estimation of aquatic vertebrate biomass
using environmental DNA. The 59th Annual Meeting of Ecological Society of Japan,
2012,03,17-2012,03,21, Otsu, Japan.
・Honjo N M, Minamoto T, and Kawabata Z, Seasonal and spatial distribution of Cyprinid herpesvirus 1
and Cyprinid herpesvirus 2 in Lake Biwa, Japan. The 59th Annual Meeting of Ecological Society ofJapan, 2012,03,17-2012,03,21, Otsu, Japan.
・Takahara T, Doi H, Minamoto T, Yamanaka H, and Kawabata Z, Detection and Quantification of Fish
Presence/Biomass using Environmental DNA to Monitor. Population SustainabilityHiroshima
International Symposium on Sustainability Sciences, 2012,03,08, Hiroshima.
・Kawabata Z, Environment-pathogen-human linkage: Observing and conceptualization. Ecological Seminar,
2012,01,13, Center for Ecological Research, Kyoto University, Otsu.
・Kawabata Z, Synthesis, Beyond Collapse: Transformation of human-environmental relationships, past,present and future. RIHN 6 th International Symposium, 2011,10,28, Kyoto.
・Kawabata Z, Linkage of environmental alteration, pathogen and human. Symposium on Emergence of viral
Diseases: Ecology and Evolution of Koi Herpes Virus, 2011,06,04-2011,06,06, Muenster, Germany.

Individual Achievements

・ Kawabata Z, Environments–Pathogen–Host Linkage, Symposium on Interactions of Pathogen–Host withEnvironments. The East Asian Federation of Ecological Societies, 2012,03,21, Otsu, Japan.

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RIHN Annual Report 2011

KODA Ryosuke
Project Researcher

Born in 1983.
[Higher Degrees]
PhD. (Kyoto University, 2011)[Fields of Specialization]
Forest Ecology
Mammalogy―Achievements―[Papers][Original Articles]
・ Koda R, Fujita N. 2011,08 Is deer herbivory directly proportional to deer population density?
Comparison of deer feeding frequencies among six forests with different deer density. Forest Ecology
and Management 262(3) :432-439. DOI:10.1016/j.foreco.2011.04.009.(reviewed).
・Matsui K,Horii A, Yanagi T, Morino S, Imamura A, Koda R, Tsujino R, Yumoto T , Takada K. 2011,05 The
status of forest vegetation and sika deer in the Zenki region, Mt. Ohmine. Japanese Journal ofConservation Ecology 16(1) :111-119. (in Japanese) (reviewed).

[Research Presentations][Poster Presentation]
・Koda R, Amartuvshin N, Amartuvshin S, Fujita N. Soil alkalization by overgrazing can delay therecovery of pastureland in Mongolia.. The 2012 international Planet Under Pressure conference,
2012,03,26-2012,03,29, London International Convention Centre, Excel, London, UK.
・Koda R, Amartuvshin S, Amartuvshin N, Fujita N. Estimating method of livestock density in a smallscale and estimation of consumption rate of livestock in Mongolia.. The 5th EAFES International
Congress, 2012,03,17-2012,03,21, Ryukoku University, Otsu, Shiga, Japan.
・Koda R, Tsujino R, Agetsuma N, Agetsuma-Yanagihara Y, Fujita N. Nonlinear responses of forest floor
vegetation to deer density in forests with different forest managements.. The 2011 ESA Annual
Meeting, 2011,08,07-2011,08,12, Austin Convention Center, Austin, Texas, USA.

119
Individual Achievements

KOSAKA, Yasuyuki
Project Researcher―Achievements―[Papers][Original Articles]
・Kosaka, Y., Riba, T., Riba, B., Riba, J., Saikia, B., Tag, H., Ando, K. 2012,03 Use and management of
a diversity of plant resources in Arunachal Pradesh, India. Himalayan Study Monographs 13. (inJapanese) (reviewed).in press.

KUMAZAWA Terukazu

Born in 1974 年.
Dr of Engineering[Fields of Specialization]
Environmental planning
Regional informatics―Achievements―[Books][Chapters/Sections]・Terukazu Kumazawa, Takanori Matsui, Riichiro Mizoguchi 2011,04 Structuring Knowledge on a Resourcecirculating Society. Tohru Morioka, Keisuke Hanaki and Yuuichi Moriguch (ed.) Establishing a
Resource-circulating Society in Asia: Challenges Opportunitties. Sustainability Science, 3. United
Nations University Press, New York, NY, USA, pp.37-51.
・Riichiro Mizoguchi, Kouji Kozaki, Osamu Saito, Terukazu Kumazawa, Takanori Matsui 2011,04 Structuring
Knowledge Based on Ontology Engineering. Hiroshi Komiyama, Kazuhiko Takeuchi, Hideaki Shiroyama andTakashi Mino (ed.) Sustainability Science: A Multidisciplinary Approach. Sustainability Science, 1.
United Nations University Press, New York, NY, USA, pp.47-68.

[Research Presentations][Poster Presentation]
・ Terukazu Kumazawa, Takanori Matsui, Michinori Kimura Development of Ontology System towards
Implementing a Knowledge Platform for Utilizing Natural Resources in a Regional Community. Pacific
Neighborhood Consortium Annual Conference (PNC 2011), 2011,10,19-2011,10,21, Bangkok , Thailand.
[Poster Competition Award 受賞].

Individual Achievements[Higher Degrees]

RIHN

Assistant Professor

120
RIHN Annual Report 2011

・Yasuyo Fujii, Yuuki Daitoku, Ayasa Imamura, Masahiko Wada, Ryo Sekiya, Terukazu Kumazawa, Akira
Shibata, Hidehiko Kanegae The Effects of Biochar on Cultivated Plants – in Case of Kameoka Field –.
2nd Asia Pacific Biocha Conference(APBC KYOTO 2011, 2011,09,15-2011,09,18, Nakagyou-ku, Kyoto,
Japan.

MAKIBAYASHI, Keisuke
Senior Project Researcher

Born in 1972.
[Academic Career]
Department of Literature, Hiroshima University, Ph.D Course（2004）
Postgraduate, Department of Archaeology, Beijing Universiy（2000）
Postgraduate, Department of Literature, Hiroshima University（1998）
Department of Literature, Hiroshima University, M.Course（1997）
Department of History, Kumamoto University（1995）[Professional Career]
Assitant, Archaeological Research Center, Hiroshima University（2007）
Assistant Professor, Archaeological Research Center, Hiroshima University（2005）
Assistant, Archaeological Research Center, Hiroshima University（2004）
Teaching Assistant, Hiroshima University（2001）
Researcher,RIHN(2008)[Higher Degrees]
Ph.D (Literature）（Hiroshima University,

2004）[Fields of Specialization]
Archaeology[Academic Society Memberships]
Japanese Archaeological Association
Society of Archaeological Studies
Jpananese Society for Chinese Archaeology
Study Group of Furnace―Achievements―[Papers][Original Articles]
・MAKIBAYASHI Keisuke 2011,07 Diversity and Unity in the Transformation of Chinese Culture. Things
Talk: Culture from the Perspective of Mingu and Material Culture. International Center for Folk
Culture Studies, Kanagawa city, pp.51-60. (in Japanese)[Research Presentations][Oral Presentation]
・MAKIBAYASHI,Keisuke Rice Farming Culture in Lower and Middle Yangtze is not One but Diverse. Hemudu
Culture International Forum, 2011,05,27-2011,05,28, Yuyao,China.

121
Individual Achievements

MASUDA Tadayoshi
Senior Project Researcher[Higher Degrees]
Ph.D. in Agricultural and Resource Economics (University of Hawaii, 2007)
M.A. in Food Research / International Development Policy (Stanford University, 1997)
B.A. in Agricultural and Forestry Economics (Kyoto University, 1989)[Fields of Specialization]
Agricultural and Resource Economics[Academic Society Memberships]
International Association of Agricultural Economics
International Food & Agribusiness Management Association
Agricultural and Applied Economics Association
Western Agricultural Economics Association[Awards]
Best Paper Award. (2012) International Food and Agribusiness Management Association (IFAMA) 22nd
Annual World Forum and Symposium, Shanghai, China.

Gamma Sigma Delta (Honor Society of Agriculture). (2002)[Research Presentations][Oral Presentation]
・Bam H.N. Razafindrabe, Satoshi Saito, Kiyoyuki Yaota, Tadayoshi Masuda, Ryohei Kada. Impacts of
Ecological Risks to Food and Health Security in Laguna Lake Region, the Philippines.. Global Risk
Forum Davos One Health Summit 2012, 2012,02,19-2012,02,23, Davos, Switzerland.
・Masuda, Tadayoshi, Fuwa, N., and R. Kada. Consumer Behavior and Perception of Food & Health Security:
The Case of Tilapia and Drinking Water Consumption in the Santa Rosa Sub-Watershed, Laguna, thePhilippines. 14th World Lake Conference, 2011,10,31-2011,11,04, Austin, TX.
・Masuda, Tadayoshi, Yanagida, J.F., Bittenbender, H.C., Fleming, K.D., and V. Easton-Smith. Marketing
Strategies Contributing Regional Welfare: Evidence from the Kona Coffee Industry in Hawaii. Selected
Paper prepared for presentation at the International Food and Agribusiness Management Association(IFAMA) 21st. Annual World Forum and Symposium, 2011,06,20-2011,06,23, Frankfurt, Germany.
・Masuda, Tadayoshi and R. Kada. Agricultural Revival by Utilizing Biofuel Crops: How to Rehabilitate
the Farmland Contaminated with Radioactive Materials or Damaged from Seawater After the 3/11 East
Japan Earthquake and Tsunami?. Selected Paper prepared for presentation at the 17th Annual
ConferenceoftheInternational
Sustainable
Development
Research
Society(ISDRS),
2011,05,08-2011,05,10, Columbia University, New York, NY.

[Poster Presentation]
・Bam H. N. Razafindrabe, Kiyoyuki Yaota, Satoshi Saito, Tadayoshi Masuda, Ryohei Kada EcoHealth: How
Changing Environment and Climate affect Human Health and Livelihood Security in the Philippines.
Planet Under Pressure, 2012,03,26-2012,03,29, ExCel Centre East International Conference Centre,
London, U.K..

Individual Achievements―Achievements―

RIHN

Graduate Student Teaching Award of Merit. (2003) North American College and Teachers of Agriculture
and the University of Hawaii College of Tropical Agriculture & Human Resources.

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RIHN Annual Report 2011

MINAMOTO, Toshifumi
Senior Project Researcher

Born in 1973.
[Academic Career]
Division of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, D. Course (2003)
Division of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, M. Course (1999)
Faculty of Science, Kyoto University (1997)[Professional Career]
Senior Researcher, Research Institute for Humanity and Nature (2007)
Postdoctoral Researcher, Institute for Biological Resources and Functions, National Institute ofAdvanced Industrial Science and Technology (2005)
COE Research Fellow, Center for Ecological Research, Kyoto University (2003)[Higher Degrees]
D. Sc (Kyoto University, 2003)
M. Sc (Kyoto University, 1999)[Fields of Specialization]
Molecular Ecology
Microbial Ecology
Animal Physiology
Chronobiology[Academic Society Memberships]
The Zoological Society of Japan
Japanese Society for Chronobiology
Ecological Society of JapanThe Japanese Society of Limnology―Achievements―[Papers][Original Articles]
・Honjo, M. N., Minamoto, T., Kawabata, Z. 2012,03 Reservoirs of Cyprinid herpesvirus 3 (CyHV-3) DNA in
sediments of natural lakes and ponds. Vet. Microbiol. 155(2-4) :183-190. DOI:10.1016/j.vetmic.
2011.09.005.(reviewed).
・Minamoto, T., Wada, T., Shimizu, I. 2012,01 A new method for random mutagenesis by error-prone
polymerase chain reaction using heavy water. J. Biotech. 157(1) :71-74. DOI:10.1016/j.jbiotec.
2011.09.012.(reviewed).
・Kawabata, Z., Minamoto, T., Honjo, M. N., Uchii, K., Yamanaka, H., Suzuki, A. A., Kohmatsu, Y.,
Asano, K., Itayama, T., Ichijo, T., Omori, K., Okuda, N., Kakehashi, M., Nasu, M., Matsui, K.,
Matsuoka, M., Kong, H., Takahara, T., Wu, D., Yonekura, R 2011,11 Environment-KHV-carp-human linkage
as a model for environmental diseases. Ecol. Res. 26(6) :1011-1016. DOI:10.1007/s11284-011-0881-9.
(reviewed).
・Takahara, T., Yamanaka, H., Suzuki, A. A., Honjo, M. N., Minamoto, T., Yonekura, R., Itayama, T.,
Kohmatsu, Y., Ito, T., Kawabata, Z. 2011,10 Stress response to daily temperature fluctuation incommon carp Cyprinus carpio L. Hydrobiologia 675(1) :65-73. DOI:10.1007/s10750-011-0796-z.
(reviewed).

123
Individual Achievements

・Minamoto, T., Honjo, M. N., Yamanaka, H., Tanaka, N., Itayama, T., Kawabata, Z. 2011,06 Detection of
cyprinid herpesvirus-3 DNA in lake plankton. Res. Vet. Sci. 90(3) :530-532. DOI:10.1016/j.rvsc.
2010.07.006.(reviewed).

[Research Presentations][Oral Presentation]
・Uchii, K., Minamoto, T., Kawabata, Z. Persistence of an emerging Cyprnid herpesvirus 3 in a wild hostpopulation. Joint Meeting of The 59th Annual Meeting of ESJ and The 5th EAFES International
Congress, 2012,03,17-2102,03,21, Otsu City, Shiga, Japan. (in Japanese)
・Honjo, M. N., Minamoto, T, Kawabata, Z. Seasonal and spatial distribution of Cyprinid herpesvirus 1
and Cyprinid herpesvirus 2 in Lake Biwa, Japan. Joint Meeting of The 59th Annual Meeting of ESJ and
The 5th EAFES International Congress, 2012,03,17-2012,03,21, Otsu City, Shiga, Japan.
・Takahara, T., Doi, H., Minamoto, T., Yamanaka, H., Kawabata, Z. Estimation of aquatic vertebratebiomass using environmental DNA. Joint Meeting of The 59th Annual Meeting of ESJ and The 5th EAFESInternational Congress, 2012,03,17-2012,03,21, Otsu City, Shiga, Japan. (in Japanese)
・Minamoto, T., Kawabata, Z. Ecological analysis of infectious diseases. Young Scientist Forum on
Infectious Diseases, 2012,02,02-2012,02,04, Nagasaki, Japan. (in Japanese)

・Minamoto, T., Honjo, M. N., Kawabata, Z. Dynamics of Cyprinid herpesvirus 3 in natural environments
in Japan. 4th Congress of European Microbiologists, FEMS 2011, 2011,06,26-2011,06,30, Geneva,
Switzerland.

・ Minamoto, T. Dynamics of koi herpesvirus and related factors in freshwater environments. Joint
Meeting of The 59th Annual Meeting of ESJ and The 5th EAFES International Congress,
2012,03,17-2012,03,21, Otsu City, Shiga, Japan.
・ Minamoto T. and the members of RIHN C-06 project Koi herpesvirus disease as a model of environmental
disease. The 6th RIHN International Symposium, 2011,10,26-2011,10,28, Kyoto, Japan.
・Minamoto, T., Honjo, M. N., Yamanaka, H., Uchii, K., Kawabata, Z. KHV dynamics in natural freshwater
environments. Emergence of Viral Diseases: Ecology and Evolution of Koi Herpes Virus,
2011,07,04-2011,07,06, Muenster, Germany.

MIYAZAKI, Hidetoshi
Project Researcher

Born in 1975.
[Academic Career]
Depertment of Soil Science, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, D.Course(2007)
Division of Environmental Dynamics, Environmental Science Graduate School, The University of Shiga
Prefecture, M.Course(2001)
Department of Biological Resources Management, School of Environmental Science, The University of
Shiga Prefecture(1999)[Professional Career]
Researcher, Research Institute for Humanity and Nature(2007)
JSPS Research Fellow(2003)[Higher Degrees]
M.Environmental Science.(The University of Shiga Prefecture,2001)

Individual Achievements[Invited Lecture / Honoronary Lecture / Panelist]

RIHN[Poster Presentation]

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RIHN Annual Report 2011

[Fields of Specialization]
Soil Science[Academic Society Memberships]
Japanese Society of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition
Japanese Society of Regional and Agricultural Development
The Japanese Agricultural Systems Society―Achievements―[Papers][Original Articles]
・Hidetoshi MIYAZAKI, Yudai ISHIMOTO and Ueru TANAKA 2012,03 The Importance of Sweet Potatoes in Rural
Villages in Southern Province, Zambia. Working Paper on Social-Ecological Resilience Series 15 :1-18.
・ Yudai ISHIMOTO and Hidetoshi MIYAZAKI 2012,03 Historical Change of Neighborhood Community andMarriage Range of Gwembe Tonga in Southern Zambia.. Working Paper on Social-Ecological Resilience
Series 2012-16 :1-19.

[Research Presentations][Oral Presentation]
・H. Miyazaki, Masako Miyashita, Jungo Nishio, Ueru Tanaka and Hitoshi Shinjo Ecological Resilience of
the Farms under Various Agro-Ecosystems in Southern Province of Zambia.. Resilience International
Symposium Building Social-Ecological Resilience in a Changing World, 2011,06,18-2011,06,20, Kyoto
Japan.
・ Hitoshi Shinjo, Kaori Ando, Yoko Noro, Hajime Kuramitsu, Shotaro Takenaka, Reiichi Miura, Ueru
Tanaka, Shozo Shibata, Hidetoshi Miyazaki, Sesele Sokotela Ecological Resilience under Slash-andBurn Agriculture and Fallowing in a Miombo Ecosystem in Eastern Province of Zambia.. Resilience
International
Symposium
Building
Social-Ecological
ResilienceinaChanging
World,
2011,06,18-2011,06,20, Kyoto Japan.
・Hiroyuki Shimono, Hidetoshi Miyazaki, Hitoshi Shinjo, Hiromitsu Kanno and Takeshi Sakurai Effects ofPlanting Date on Maize Productivity in Zambia.. Resilience International Symposium Building SocialEcological Resilience in a Changing World, 2011,06,18-2011,06,20, Kyoto Japan.
・ Mitsunori Yoshimura, Megumi Yamashita, Keiichiro Matsumura, Hidetoshi Miyazaki, Yudai Ishimoto
Adaptation and Coping Behavior for Food Security in Southern Province.. Resilience International
Symposium Building Social-Ecological Resilience in a Changing World, 2011,06,18-2011,06,20, Kyoto
Japan.

[Poster Presentation]
・Hiroyuki Shimono, Hidetoshi Miyazaki, Hitoshi Shinjo, Hiromitsu Kanno, TakeshiSakurai Is the optimalplanting date for high maize productivity chosen by Zambian smallholders?. 7th Asian Crop Science
Conference, 2011,09,27-2011,09,30, Bogor, Indonesia..
・H. Miyazaki, Y. Ishimoto, M. Yamashita, H. Shinjo, U. Tanaka Adaptive and Coping Behaviors withRainfall Fluctuation by Small-Scale Farmers in Southern Province of Zambia. Resilience International
Symposium Building Social-Ecological Resilience in a Changing World, 2011,06,18-2011,06,20, Kyoto
Japan.

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Individual Achievements

MOJI, Kazuhiko
Professor

Born in 1953.
[Academic Career]
Department of Human Ecology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo,D.Course(1983)
Department of Human Ecology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo,M.Course(1980)
Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo(1976)[Professional Career]
Professor, Research Institute for Humanity and Nature(2007)
Visiting Professor, Research Institute for Humanity and Nature(2006)
Head, Research Center of Tropical Infectious Diseases, Nagasaki University Institute of Tropical
Medicine(2006)
Professor, Research Cener of Tropical Infectious Diseases, Nagasaki University Institute of Tropical
Medicine(2002)
Professor, School of Health Sciences, Nagasaki University School of Medicine(2001)

Instructor, Department of Human Ecology, School of Health Science, Faculty of Medicine, University ofTokyo(1983)
D. (The University of Tokyo,1983)
M. (The University of Tokyo,1980)[Fields of Specialization]
Human Ecology,Population Health in the Tropics[Academic Society Memberships]
The Japanese Society of Tropical Medicine,The Japanese Society of Health and Human Ecology―Achievements―[Papers][Original Articles]
・Minamoto K, Mascie-Taylor CG, Karim E, Moji K, Rahman M. 2012,03 Short- and long-term impact ofhealth education in improving water supply, sanitation and knowledge about intestinal helminths inrural Bangladesh.. Public Health . DOI:10.1016/j.puhe.2012.02.003.
・Kaneko S, K'opiyo J, Kiche I, Wanyua S, Goto K, Tanaka J, Changoma M, Ndemwa M, Komazawa O, Karama M,
Moji K, Shimada M. 2012,02 Health and Demographic Surveillance System in the Western and Coastal
Areas of Kenya: An Infrastructure for Epidemiologic Studies in Africa.. J Epidemiol .
・Milojevic A, Armstrong B, Hashizume M, McAllister K, Faruque A, Yunus M, Kim Streatfield P, Moji K,
Wilkinson P. 2012,01 Health effects of flooding in rural Bangladesh.. Epidemiology 23(1) :107-115.
DOI:10.1097/EDE.0b013e31823ac606.
・Kounnavong S, Sunahara T, Hashizume M, Okumura J, Moji K, Boupha B, Yamamoto T. 2011,12 Anemia andRelated Factors in Preschool Children in the Southern Rural Lao People's Democratic Republic.. Trop
Med Health 39(4) :95-103. DOI:10.2149/tmh.2011-13.
・Kounnavong S, Sunahara T, Mascie-Taylor CG, Hashizume M, Okumura J, Moji K, Boupha B, Yamamoto T.
2011,11 Effect of daily versus weekly home fortification with multiple micronutrient powder on
haemoglobin concentration of young children in a rural area, Lao People's Democratic Republic: arandomised trial.. Nutr J 10 :129. DOI:10.1186/1475-2891-10-129.

Individual Achievements[Higher Degrees]

RIHN

Professor, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Nagasaki University(1999)
Associate Professor, Department of Public Health, Nagasaki University School Medicine(1987)

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RIHN Annual Report 2011

・Pongvongsa T, Nonaka D, Kobayashi J, Mizoue T, Phongmany P, Moji K. 2011,09 Determinants of monthly
reporting by village health volunteers in a poor rural district of Lao PDR.. Southeast Asian J Trop
Med Public Health 42(5) :1269-81.
・Maswanya ES, Moji K, Aoyagi K, Takemoto T. 2011,06 Sexual behavior and condom use in female students
in Dar-es-Salaam, Tanzania: differences by steady and casual partners.. East Afr J Public Health8(2) :69-76.
・Kagawa M, Tahara Y, Moji K, Nakao R, Aoyagi K, Hills AP. 2011 Secular changes in growth among
Japanese children over 100 years (1900-2000).. Asia Pac J Clin Nutr 20(2) :180-180.

MORI Wakaha
Senior Project Researcher[Academic Career]
Department Linguistics, Graduate School of Letters, Kyoto University, D. Course (2002)
Department Linguistics, Graduate School, Kyoto University, M. Course (1996)
Department Linguistics, Faculty of Letters, Kyoto University (1993)[Professional Career]
Senior Researcher, Research Institute for Humanity and Nature (2006–)
Lecturer (part-time), Kyoto University (2004-2005, 2008-)
Researcher (part-time), Center for Eurasian Cultural Studies (2005–2006)
Lecturer (part-time), Doshisya Women's College (2004-)
Research Fellow of the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (DC 1) (1996)[Higher Degrees]
D.L(Kyoto University, 2005)
M.L (Kyoto University, 1996)[Fields of Specialization]
Sumerian
Lingusitics
Cuneiform Studies[Academic Society Memberships]
The Liguistic Society of JapanThe Society for Near Eastern Studies in Japan―Achievements―[Books][Chapters/Sections]・Maekawa, K. and M. Mori 2012,01 "Dilmun, Magan, and Meluhha in Early Mesopotamian History: 2500-1600
BC".. Witzel, M. and T. Osada (ed.) Cultural Relations between the Indus and the Iranian Plateau
during the Third Millennium BCE . Harvard Oriental Series. Opera Minora Vols. 7.. Harvard University
Press, Boston, pp.237-262.

127
Individual Achievements

NAITO, Daisuke
Assistant Professor

Born in 1978.
[Academic Career]
Graduate School of Asian and African Area Studies, Kyoto University, PhD Course (2008)
Graduate School of Asian and African Area Studies, Kyoto University, M. Course (2005)
Faculty of Agriculture, Kyoto University (2003)[Professional Career]
Visiting Fellow, Program in Agrarian Studies, Yale University (2010-11)
Research Fellow (Junior Specialist), University of California, Santa Cruz (2010)
Research Fellow, The Japan Society for the Promotion Science / Kyoto University, Center for Integrated
Area Studies (CIAS) (2008-11)
Project Researcher, Research Institute foe Humanity and Nature (2007)[Higher Degrees]

RIHN

M. Sc. Area Studies (Kyoto University,2005)
Ph.D. Area Studies (Kyoto University,2010)[Fields of Specialization]
Southeast Asian Area Studies
Political Ecology

Individual Achievements[Academic Society Memberships]
Japanese Forest Society
The Japan Society of Tropical Ecology[Awards]
Matsushita Asia Scholarship(2006)―Achievements―[Research Presentations][Oral Presentation]
・Naito, D. Environmental Audit as Ritual Practice. The 2012 Annual Meeting of Association of American
Geographers, 2012,02,24-2012,02,28, New York, USA.

[Invited Lecture / Honoronary Lecture / Panelist]
・Naito, D. “Auditing Sustainability and the Rural Community: Social Impacts of Forest Certificationin East Malaysia.”. Yale Agrarian Studies Colloquium, April 2011, Yale Program in AgrarianStudies,Yale University.

NAKAMURA, Oki
Project Researcher

Born in 1967.
[Academic Career]
Department of Japanese History, Kokugakuin University, Ph.D Course（1997）

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RIHN Annual Report 2011

Department of Japanese History, Kokugakuin University, M.Course（1992）
Department of Literature, Faculty of History, Kokugakuin University（1990）[Professional Career]
Guest Researcher, Open Research Center, Kokugakuin University（2006）
Part-time Lecturer, Department of Literature, Kokugakuin University（2005）
Handa Archaeology Fellow, Sainsbury Institute for the Study of Japanese Arts and Cultures, UK（2003）
Part-time Lecturer, Department of Literature, Kokugakuin University（2002）
Assistant Professor, Department of Literature, Kokugakuin University（1997）[Higher Degrees]MA(Kokugakuin Universiy, 1992)[Fields of Specialization]
Archaeology[Academic Society Memberships]
Society for American Archaeology(SAA)
Japanese Archaeological Association
Japanese Association of Ritual Archaeology
Paleological Association of Japan―Achievements―[Research Presentations][Oral Presentation]
・NAKAMURA, Oki Diversity and Change in Jomon Cultural Landscapes of Toyama Bay, Japan. Inland Seas ina Global Perspective: International Conference on the Archaeology, History and Heritage Managementof of Coastal Landscapes, 2012,03,16-2012,03,17, Leiden, Netherland.

NAKAMURA, Ryo
Project Researcher

Born in 1976.
[Academic Career]Comparative Studies of Humanities and Social Sciences (Cultural Anthropology), Nagoya University, D.
Course (2008)
Comparative Studies of Humanities and Social Sciences (Cultural Anthropology), Nagoya University, M.A.
Course (2003)
Shizuoka University, B.A. Course (2000)[Professional Career]
Project researcher, Research Institute for Humanity and Nature (2008-)
Part-time staff, Graduate School of Letters, Nagoya University(2008)
Tutor, Graduate School of Letters, Nagoya University(2006)
Teaching Assistant, Graduate School of Letters, Nagoya University(2003-2007)[Higher Degrees]
Ph.D. (Nagoya University, 2008)
M.A. (Nagoya University, 2003)

129
Individual Achievements

B.A. (Shizuoka University, 2000)[Fields of Specialization]
Cultural Anthropology
Environmental Anthropology
Comparative Study on Swahili Maritime Societies[Academic Society Memberships]
Japan Association for African Studies (2003-)
Japanese Society of Cultural Anthropology (2008-)
Japan Association for Religious Studies (2008-)
Japan Association for Middle East Studies (2009-)
Japan Association for Nilo-Ethiopian Studies (2011-)―Achievements―[Books][Chapters/Sections]
・NAKAMURA, Ryo 2011 "Seafood Preservation and Economic Strategy of the Dried Fish Trade in Kilwa
Kisiwani, Southern Swahili Coast, Tanzania". Sam Maghimbi, Isaria N. Kimambo, and Kazuhiko SUGIMURA(ed.) Comparative Perspectives on Moral Economy: Africa and Southeast Asia. Dar es Salaam University
Press, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, pp.273-291.

RIHN

・NAKAMURA, Ryo 2011,05 "Spirits in the Swahili Maritime Society: Case of Kilwa Island, Tanzania".
SHIMADA, Yoshihito (ed.) Aspects of Shamanism. Asia Yugaku, 141. Bensey Publishing Inc., Tokyo, pp.
168-192. (in Japanese)

Individual Achievements[Papers][Original Articles]
・NAKAMURA, Ryo 2012,03 "Maritime Environments of Swahili Civilizations: The Mangrove Inland Sea ofKilwa Island, Tanzania". Afro-Eurasian Inner Dry Land Civilizations 1 :81-89.(reviewed).
・NAKAMURA, Ryo 2011,04 "Multi-ethnic Coexistence in Kilwa Island, Tanzania: The Basic Ecology and
Fishing Cultures of a Swahili Maritime Society". SHIMA: The International Journal of Research into
Island Cultures 5(1) :44-68.(reviewed).

[Research Presentations][Oral Presentation]
・NAKAMURA, Ryo "Multi-ethnic Coexistence in a Swahili Maritime Society: Basic Ecology and Fishing
Culture on Kilwa Island, Tanzania". AA Science Platform Program: The 4th International Symposium,
50th Anniversary of Africa Nation State as Renaissance, 2011,10,08-2011,10,10, Nagoya University,
Aichi, Japan.

NAKANO, Takanori
Professor

Born in 1950.
[Academic Career]
Department of Geology, Faculty of Science, University of Tsukuba, D.Course(1982)

130
RIHN Annual Report 2011

Department of Geology, Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Education, M.Course(1977)
Department of Geology, Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Education(1974)[Professional Career]
Professor, Research Institute for Humanity and Nature(2004)
Associate Professor, Institute of Geoscience, University of Tsukuba(1992)
Assistant Professor, Institute of Geoscience, University of Tsukuba(1982)[Higher Degrees]D.Sc(University of Tsukuba, 1982)
M.Sc.(Tokyo University of Education, 1977)[Fields of Specialization]
Environmental Resource Geology
Isotope Geochemistry[Academic Society Memberships]
The Society of Resource Geology
The Geological Society of Japan
Japanese Association of Hydrological Sciences
The Society of Economic Geologist[Awards]
Ecological Research Award(2009)―Achievements―[Books][Chapters/Sections]・ Nakano Takanori 2012,03 Community-building network by researchers and regional groundwatercollaboration research. HUMAN -Invitation to the forest of knowledge-. Heibonsha Ltd., Bunkyo-ku,
Tokyo city, pp.92-96. (in Japanese)
・Nakano Takanori 2011,05 Treceability analysis of groundwater by the water quality component. Makoto
Taniguchi (ed.) Groundwater flow Resources and circulation of Monsoon Asia. Kyoritu shuppan,
Bunkyoku, Tokyo, pp.142-162. (in Japanese)[Papers][Original Articles]
・Pankaj Kumar, Maki Tsujimura M., Nakano, T. and Tokumasu M. 2012,02 The effect of tidal fluctuation
on ground water quality in coastal aquifer of Saijo plain, Ehime prefecture, Japan. Desalination
286 :166-175. DOI:10.1016/j.desal.2011.11.017.(reviewed).
・Ohta T., Mahara, Y., Kubota, T., Saito, Y., Furutani, S., Fujii, T., Ando, A., Nakata, E., Nakano, T.
and Abe, Y 2011 Radionucluides in ancient relicts obtained from the Matsusaki site and the Hiroharashellmound on the Pacific coast of Japan. RADIOCARBON 52(2-3) :526-533.(reviewed).
・Kusaka, T. Nakano, T. Yumoto, M. Nakatsukasa 2011 Strontium isotope evidence of migration and diet inrelation to ritual tooth ablation : A case study from the Inariyama Jomon site, Japan. Journal ofArchaeological Science.. Journal of Archaeological Science 38(1) :166-174.(reviewed).
・Ando, A., Khim, B-K., Nakano, T., Takata, H. 2011 Chemostratigraphic documentation of a complete
Miocene intermediate-depth section in the Southern Ocean :Ocean Drilling Program Site 1120, Campbell
Plateau of New Zealand. Marine Geology 279 :52-62.(reviewed).
・Hosono、T., Delinom, R., Nakano, T., Kagabu, M.,Shmada, J. 2011 Evolution model of δ34S and δ18O in
dissolved sulfate in volcanic fan aquifers from recharge to coastal zone and through the Jakarta
urban area, Indonesia. Science of the Total Environment 409 :2541-2554.(reviewed).

131
Individual Achievements[Research Presentations][Oral Presentation]
・Nakano Takanori Groundwater diagnosis - Citizen collaborative type by water quality map about many
items. 2011 autumn lecture meeting of Japanese association of groundwater haydrogy, 2011,10,20,
Hiroshima Grand Intelligent Hotel. (in Japanese)・ Takanori Nakano Network for town planning starting from water quality diagnosis; toward a newcollaboration between researchers and regions . Sit-in-a-circle meeting for thinking about the past,present and future of Otsuchi, 2011,10,10, Otsuchicyo central public hall . (in Japanese)・ Nakano Takanori Water and biological qualitative diversity Geo-diversity produces. Geo-diversity
research meeting, 2011,10,07-2011,10,08, JAMSTEC Tokyo office. (in Japanese)
・Nakano Takanori Isotope analysis facilities of RIHN and Environmental traceability research. 1st
Isotope Environmental Studies Symposium , 2011,09,29-2011,09,30, Research Institute for Humanity andNature. (in Japanese)
・Takanori Nakano Summary analysis of water samples surveyed in March. , 2011,04,15, Yokohama National
University. (in Japanese)
・Takanori Nakano Report of water health team. Moji project research meeting, 2011,04,01, RIHN LectureHall. (in Japanese)

・Takanori Nakano Use of the JaSPA system; Examine living things from the diversity of water quality.
Diverse environment and living things hidding in Chugoku and Shikoku area - Epitome of the global
environment [JaSPa system], 2011,05,14, Kagawa University Saiwai kita Campus. (in Japanese)

Project Researcher

Born in 1972.
[Academic Career]
Department of Geography, Tokyo Metropolitan University, D.Course(2002)[Professional Career]
JSPS fellow PD (2004-2007)
Project researcher, RIHN(2007)[Higher Degrees]D.Sc(Tokyo Metropolitan University,2002)[Fields of Specialization]
Physical geography[Academic Society Memberships]
The Association of Japanese Geography
The Japanese Society of Snow and Ice
Tokyo Geographical SocietyInternational Glaciological Society(IGS)
Japan Society for Natural Disaster Science[Awards]
Nakaya Ukichiro Science Award(2007)

Individual Achievements

NARAMA, Chiyuki

RIHN[Invited Lecture / Honoronary Lecture / Panelist]

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RIHN Annual Report 2011

―Achievements―[Papers][Original Articles]
・ Ukita,J., Narama,C., Tadono,T., Yamanokuchi,T., Tomiyama,N., Kawamoto,S., Abe,C., Uda,T.,
Yabuki,H., Fujita,K., Nishimura,K. 2011 Glacial Lake Inventory of Bhutan using ALOS Data: Part I:
Methods and Preliminary Results. Annals of Glaciology 52(58) :65-71.(reviewed).

NAWATA, Hiroshi
Associate Professor

Born in 1968.
[Academic Career]
Human and Environmental Studies (Cultural Anthropology),Kyoto University,D.Course(2003)
Human and Environmental Studies (Cultural Anthropology),Kyoto University,M.A.Course(1997)
African and Asian Studies (Folklore),University of Khartoum,Sudan,Diploma Course(1994)
Letters, Arts and Sciences (Asian History),Waseda University,B.A.Course(1992)[Professional Career]
Associate Professor, Research Department, Research Institute for Humanity and Nature(2008-present)
Associate Professor, Socioeconomics Division, Arid Land Research Center, Tottori University(2007)
Assistant Professor, Division of Comprehensive Measures to Combat Desertification, Arid Land ResearchCenter, Tottori University(2004-2007)
Part-time Lecturer, Faculty of Foreign Studies, Osaka University of Foreign Studies(2004-2005)
Part-time Lecturer, College of Economics, College of Business Administration, and College of Letters,
Ritsumeikan University(2004-2005)
Part-time Lecturer, School of Humanities and Social Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University(2004-2005)
Part-time Lecturer, School of Policy Studies, Kwansei Gakuin University(2003-2004)
Teaching Assistant, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University(1998-1999)
Research Fellow, Japan Society for the Promotion of Science(1997-2000)[Higher Degrees]
Ph.D. (Kyoto University,2003)
M.A. (Kyoto University, 1997)
Diploma (University of Khartoum,Sudan,1994)
B.A. (Waseda University,1992)[Fields of Specialization]
Cultural Anthropology
Social Ecology
Middle Eastern and African Area Studies
Arid Land Studies
Human-livestock Relationship Studies[Academic Society Memberships]
The Japanese Association for Arid Land Studies
Japanese Coral Reef Society
Japanese Society of Cultural Anthropology
Japan Association for African Studies
Japan Association for Middle East Studies

133
Individual Achievements

Japan Association for Nilo-Ethiopian Studies[Awards]
Encouragement Award of the Japanese Association for Arid Land Studies(2003)―Achievements―[Papers][Original Articles]
・Ren'ya SATO, Ruichen JIA, Kohei MATSUNAGA and Hiroshi NAWATA 2012,03 Villages and rural economy in
Loess Plateau where ten years have passed since the Grain for Green Project started: Present
conditions and regional differences. Bulletin of the Graduate School of Social and Cultural Studies,
Kyushu University 18 :55-70. (in Japanese) (reviewed).
・Hiroshi NAWATA 2012,03 "Relationship between Humans and One-humped Camels in the Coastal Zones of theArid Tropics: An Anthropological Case Analysis of the Beja on the Red Sea Coast of eastern Sudan".
Afro-Eurasian Inner Dry Land Civilisation 1 :67-73.(reviewed).

・Buho HOSHINO, Hiroshi NAWATA, Ruichen JIA, Karamalla ABDELAZIZ, and Kiyotsugu YODA 2011,04 Remote
Sensing Methods of Vegetation and Surface Run-off Change in Eastern Sudan Area. Journal of Rakuno
Gakuen University 35(2) :33-43.

[Research Presentations][Oral Presentation]
・Hiroshi NAWATA Visiting Kiriwina, Trobriand Islands. 2011 Field Research Report for Grant-in-Aid B"Comparative studies on early agriculture and pastoralism in Afro-Eurasia", 2012,03,12, Kyoto. (inJapanese)・Hiroshi NAWATA Textualization of the 48th field note in Mongolia by Tadao Mumesao. Archives inFuture: Academic use of field research resources in Mongolia by Tadao Umesao, 2012,02,11-2012,02,12,
Tokyo.
・Hiroshi NAWATA Understanding the Mesquite Issues at the Village Level in Sudan: To Combat a Negative
Heritage of "Combating Desertification". International Symposium "Mesquite invasion and landdegradation in Sudan: Overview", 2011,10,13, Arid Land Research Center, Tottori, Japan.
・Hiroshi NAWATA Red Sea Studies in RIHN 'Arab Subsistence' Project. RIHN/RSU MOU Symposium "Red Sea
Studies: Retrospect & Prospect", 2011,10,04, RIHN, Kyoto, Japan.
・Hiroshi NAWATA and Abdel Gabar BABIKER RIHN/SUST Research Cooperation on Comprehensive Measures toManage the Alien Invasive Species Mesquite in Sudan. Present State and Issues of Cooperation between
International Academic Research and Development Assistance in Eastern Sudan: Focusing on
Agriculture, Livelihood, and Environmental Sectors, 2011,09,19, RIHN, Kyoto, Japan.
・Shun ISHIYAMA, Hiroshi NAWATA, Mutasim Mekki, and Mussab Hassan Study on Rain-fed Agricultural System
of Semi-arid Zone, Gadarif State, Sudan, through SATREPS: Towards Local-to-local Technology
Transfer. Present State and Issues of Cooperation between International Academic Research andDevelopment Assistance in Eastern Sudan: Focusing on Agriculture, Livelihood, and Environmental
Sectors, 2011,09,19, RIHN, Kyoto, Japan.
・Hiroshi NAWATA Introduction: How Will You Live without Oil? Part 3. The 45the RIHN Public Seminar,
2011,09,09, RIHN, Kyoto. (in Japanese)

Individual Achievements

・Buho HOSHINO, Maino YONEMORI, Karina MANAYEVA, Abdelaziz Karamalla GAIBALLA, Kiyotsugu YODA, Mahgoub
SULIMAN, Mohamed ELGAMRI,Hiroshi NAWATA, Yusuke MORI, Shunsuke YABUKI, Shigeto AIDA 2011,07 Remotesensing methods for the evaluation of the mesquite tree (Prosopis juliflora) environmental
adaptation to semi-arid Africa. IEEE IGARSS 2011(1) :1910-1913.(reviewed).

RIHN

・Hiroshi NAWATA 2011,09 Water Study for Peace: What I Learned from Professor Iwao Kobori in China,
Tunisia, Egypt, and Algeria (2005-2010). Journal of Arid Land Studies 21(2) :63-66.(reviewed).

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RIHN Annual Report 2011

・Hiroshi NAWATA Possibilities and problems of foreign workers for environmental conservation in Saudi
Arabia: Participation of refugees in development assistance. IUAES/AAS/ASAANZ Conference 2011,
Knowledge and Value in a Globalising World: Disentangling Dichotomies, Querying Unities,
2011,07,05-2011,07,08, Perth, Australia.
・Hiroshi NAWATA What I learned from Professor Iwao Kobori: In China, Tunisia, Egypt, and Algeria. The
1st International Conference on Arid Land "Desert Technology X", 2011,05,24-2011,05,28, NaritaTokyo, Japan.
・Hiroshi NAWATA To combat a negative heritage of combating desertification: Developing comprehensive
measures to control the alien invasive species mesquite (Prosopis juliflora) in Sudan. The Ist
International Conference on Arid Land "Desert Technology X", 2011,05,24-2011,05,28, Narita-Tokyo,
Japan.
・Hiroshi NAWATA Arid Land Civilization focusing on Coastal Zone of the Arid Tropics: A View point for
Red Sea Societies. Meeting of Red Sea Societies Research, 2011,05,15, Tokyo University of Foreign
Languages, Tokyo, Japan. (in Japanese)・Hiroshi NAWATA, Shun ISHIYAMA, and Mutasim Mekki Subsistence of farmers from western Sudan and West
Africa in Gadarif State at eastern edge of Sahel zone, Sudan. Meeting of Red Sea Societies Research,
2011,05,15, Tokyo University of Foreign Languages.
・Hiroshi NAWATA 'Egyptian Revolution' from the view point of global environmental studies. The 17th
Resource Program Meeting, 2011,04,26, RIHN, Kyoto, Japan. (in Japanese)・Hiroshi NAWATA My sketch for future design: Solve the Sagrada Familia by Arabic science. The 30th
Shusen Salon, 2011,04,26, RIHN, Kyoto, Japan. (in Japanese)・ Hiroshi NAWATA, Shun ISHIYAMA, and Mutasim Mekki Some issues of sorghum-centered rain-fed
agricultural systems in the Gadarif state, eastern Sudan. The 20the Annual Meeting, Japan
Association for Nilo-Ethiopian Studies, 2011,04,23-2011,04,24, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan.
(in Japanese)

NISHIMOTO, Futoshi
Project Researcher

Born in 1972.
[Academic Career]
Graduate School of Social Sciences, Hitotubashi University, D.Course(2009)
Graduate School of Social Sciences, Hitotubashi University, M.Course(1998)
Faculty of Social Sciences, Hitotubashi University(1996)[Professional Career]
Researcher, Research Institute for Humanity and Nature(2009)
Researcher, Center for Southeast Asian Studies, Kyoto University(2008)
Part-time Lecturer, Ritsumeikan University(2007)
Researcher, Research Institute for Humanity and Nature(2005)
Part-time Lecturer, Shibaura Institute of Technology(2004)[Higher Degrees]
M.Soc.(Hitotsubashi University, 1998)[Fields of Specialization]
Social Anthropology
Ethnography of Mainland Southeast Asia
Japan Society for Southeast Asian Studies

135
Individual Achievements[Academic Society Memberships]
Japanese Society of Cultural Anthropology
Population Association of Japan―Achievements―[Research Presentations][Oral Presentation]
・Nishimoto, Futoshi et al. Use and perception of mosquito nets in a rural area of Laos. JSPS Asia
Africa Science Platform Program The 2nd International Symposium on Human and Monkey Malaria,
2012,03,06-2012,03,07, Nha Trang City, Vietnam.
・Nishimoto, Futoshi et al. Long‐term trend in fertility and infant mortality among the Tri people of
Xepon: Implications for a coming livelihood transition. NAFRI International Symposium on Rethinking
Ecosystem Services in the Context of Montane Region in Mainland Southeast Asia,
2011,06,19-2011,06,20, Vientiane, Lao PDR.

[Poster Presentation]

Senior Project Researcher[Academic Career]Completed PhD Course, Department of Linguistics, Faculty of Arts, The Australian National University(1994)
Completed Graduate Diploma Course (TESOL), Faculty of Education, The University of Canberra (1989)
Completed Diploma Course (Bengali Language and Literature), Department of Bengali, Jadavpur University(1979)
Completed BA Course (English Language and Literature), Faculty of Arts, Tokyo University (1975)[Professional Career]
Senior Research Fellow, Indus Project, RIHN (2007)
Visiting Fellow, Department of Linguistics, Max-Planck Institute (Evolutionary Anthropology) (2005)
Visiting Fellow, Department of Linguistics, RSPAS, The Australian National University (2003)
Professor, Faculty of International Studies, Meio University (1998)
Associate Professor, Faculty of International Studies, Meio University (1997)
Research Assistant, RCLT, The Australian National University (1995)[Higher Degrees]
PhD (The Australian National University, 1995)
Graduate Diploma (The University of Canberra, 1989)[Fields of Specialization]
Linguistic Typology
Descriptive Linguistics[Academic Society Memberships]
Australian Linguistic Society
The Linguistic Society of Papua New Guinea

Individual Achievements

ONISHI, Masayuki

RIHN

・Nishimoto, Futoshi et al. Reproductive histories of Phutai women in rural Laos. The 5th Laos National
Health Research Forum, 2011,09,29-2011,09,30, Vientiane, Lao PDR.

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RIHN Annual Report 2011

Okinawa Center of Language Study―Achievements―[Books][Chapters/Sections]・Kazuya Inagaki, Nozomi Kodama, Masayuki Onishi, Toshiki Osada, Yoshinobu Takahashi, Hirofumi Teramura
2012,03 §§1.1-1.2, §2, §3.1.1, §§3.1.4-3.1.9, §3.1.11, all tables. Toshiki Osada, Masayuki
Onishi (ed.) Language Atlas of South Asia. Harvard Oriental Series, Opera Minora, 6. Department ofSouth Asian Studies, Harvard University, Massachusetts, USA, pp.i-164.

[Editing][Editing / Co-editing]・Toshiki Osada, Masayuki Onishi (ed.) 2012,03 Language Atlas of South Asia. Harvard Oriental Series,
Opera Minora, 6. Department of South Asian Studies, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts,
USA, 164pp.

[Research Presentations][Invited Lecture / Honoronary Lecture / Panelist]
・Masayuki Onishi The Language and culture of Rajbansis from a global perspective (keynote speech).
International workshop on Koch-Rajbansi language and culture, 2011,09,24-2011,09,25, Kokrajhar,
Assam, India.
・Masayuki Onishi Documentation of endangered languages and cultures. Special Lecture, 2011,09,22,
North Bengal University, Siliguri, West Bengal, India.

RAZAFINDRABE, Bam Haja Nirina
Senior Project Researcher

Born in 1971.
[Academic Career]
Doctor of Philosophy, United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Ehime University, Japan (2007)
M. Sc., Ehime University, Japan (2004)
M. Sc., Antananarivo University, Department of Water and Forests, Madagascar (2002)
Eng. in Water and Forests, Antananarivo University, Department of Water and Forests, Madagascar (1997)[Professional Career]
Research Institute for Humanity and Nature, Senior Project Researcher (2010)
Yokohama National University, Global Center of Excellence Research Fellow (2009)
Kyoto University,JSPS Postdoctoral Fellow (2007)
Geographical Information and Environmental Sciences Training Center, Madagascar, Chief of Project(1999)
Antananarivo University, Department of Water and Forests, Madagascar, Teaching and Research Assistant(1997)[Higher Degrees]
PhD (Ehime University, Japan, 2007)

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Individual Achievements[Fields of Specialization]
Disaster Risks and Watershed Management―Achievements―[Research Presentations][Oral Presentation]
・Bam H.N. Razafindrabe, Kiyoyuki Yaota, Satoshi Saito, Tadayoshi Masuda, Ryohei Kada EcoHealth: How
Changing Environment and Climate affect Human Health and Livelihood Security in the Philippines. thePlanet Under Pressure Conference: New Knowledge Towards Solutions, 2012,03,26-2012,03,29, London,
UK,.
・ Bam H.N. Razafindrabe, Satoshi Saito, Kiyoyuki Yaota, Tadayoshi Masuda, Ryohei Kada Impacts of
Ecological Risks to Food and Health Security in Laguna Lake Region, Philippines. the Global Risk
Forum Davos One Health Summit 2012, 2012,02,19-2012,02,23, Davos, Switzerland.

・Bam H.N. Razafindrabe, Ryohei Kada Impacts of Ecological Risks to Food and Health Security in Laguna
Lake Region, Philippines--Focus on Flood Risks Assessment.. the 7th ASAE International Conference on
Meeting the Challenges Facing Asian Agriculture and Agricultural Economics Toward a Sustainable
Future, 2011,10,13-2011,10,15, Hanoi, Vietnam.
・Bam H.N. Razafindrabe, Ryohei Kada Flood Resilience in a changing Climate and Environment -A CaseStudy of the Laguna Lake Region, Philippines.. the 2nd World Congress on Cities and Adaptation to
Climate Change, 2011,06,03-2011,06,05, Bonn, Germany..
・Bam H.N. Razafindrabe, Ryohei Kada Interlinkage between Ecological Risks and Food and Health Security
in a Fast-Growing Environment -A Case-Study of the Laguna Lake Region, Philippines. the 17th Annual
International Sustainable Development Research Conference on Moving Toward a Sustainable Future,
2011,05,08-2011,05,10, New York, USA..

[Poster Presentation]
・Bam H.N. Razafindrabe, Kiyoyuki Yaota, Satoshi Saito, Tadayoshi Masuda, Ryohei Kada EcoHealth: How
Changing Environment and Climate affect Human Health and Livelihood Security in the Philippines..
‘Planet Under Pressure’Conference, 2012,03,26-2012,03,29, London, UK,.

SAITO, Satoshi (Tetsu)
Project Researcher[Academic Career]
Doctor of Environment Science (Graduate School of Environment and Information Sciences, Yokohama
National University, Japan, 2004). Thesis title: Petrogenesis of the Miocene Kofu Granitic Complex;
Syn-tectonic granitoids in the Izu collision zone, central Japan.
Master of Education (Graduate School of Education, Yokohama National University, Japa, 2004). Thesis
title: Petrogenesis of the Miocene Kofu Plutonic Complex, central Japan (in Japanese).

Individual Achievements

・Bam H.N. Razafindrabe, Michael Cuesta, Rogelio Concepcion, Ryohei Kada Assessing Flood Risks in
Laguna Lake Region, Philippines-Implications to Food and Health Security. the 11th International
Society for Southeast Asian Agricultural Sciences (ISSAAS) Philippine National Convention andInternational Forum, 2011,10,25-2011,10,26, Clarkfield, Angeles City, Philippines.

RIHN

・ Bam H.N. Razafindrabe, Ryohei Kada Understanding Flood Resilience in the Laguna Lake Region,
Philippines. the 14th World Lake Conference on Lakes, Rivers, Groundwater and Coastal Areas,
Understanding Linkages, 2011,10,31-2011,11,04, Austin, Texas, USA..

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RIHN Annual Report 2011

Bachelor of Education (Faculty of Education, Yokohama National University, Japan, 1999). Thesis title:
Petrological studies of the southern Kofu Plutonic Complex (in Japanese).

[Professional Career]
Research Assistant, Graduate School of Environment and Information Sciences, Yokohama National
University, Japan (2004)
Research Assistant, Faculty of Education and Human Sciences, Yokohama National University, Japan(2005)
Lecturer, Hosei University Daini Junior High School, Japan (2005)
Part-time lecturer, Faculty of Education and Human Sciences, Yokohama National University, Japan(2005, 2006)
Research Assistant, Graduate School of Environment and Information Sciences, Yokohama National
University, Japan (2006)
Research Associate, Department of Geology, University of Maryland, USA (2007)
Postdoctral Researcher, Institute for Research on Earth Evolution (IFREE), Japan Agency for MarineEarth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC), Japan (2008)
Part-time lecturer, Faculty of Engineering, Yokohama National University, Japan (2009, 2010)[Higher Degrees]
Doctor of Environment Science (Yokohama National University, Japan, 2004)
Master of Education (Yokohama National University, Japan, 2001)
Bachelor of Education (Yokohama National University, Japan, 1999)[Fields of Specialization]
Geology
Igneous and metamorphic petrology
Isotope geochemistry[Academic Society Memberships]
Japan Geoscience Union
The Geological Society of Japan
Japan Association of Mineralogical Sciences
The Geochemical Society of Japan
American Geophysical Union―Achievements―[Research Presentations][Oral Presentation]
・Saito, S. Water Quality Mapping of Laguna Lake Watersheds: Case Study of Marinig and Santo Domingo
Watersheds, Philippines. International Workshop on EcoHealth: Linking Ecoloical Risks to Human
Health – A Philippine Case Study-, JST-Young Researchers Feasibility Study Project, 2012,02,11,
Research Institute for Humanity and Nature, Kyoto, Japan.
・Saito, S. Water Quality Mapping of Laguna Lake and its Watersheds. LAKEHEAD project joint meeting,2011,08,05, University of the Philippines at Los Baños, Philippines.
・ Saito S. Water Quality Mapping of Laguna Lake Watersheds. LAKEHEAD project meeting at LLDA,
2011,06,21, Laguna Lake Development Authority, Taytay, Philippines.

[Poster Presentation]
・Saito, S., Nakano, T., Shin, K.-C., Maruyama, S., Miyakawa, C., Yaota, K. and Kada, R. Water quality
mapping of Laguna de Bay and its watershed, Philippines. American Geophysical Union, Fall Meeting
Abstract H53K-1558, 2011,12,09, San Francisco, CA, USA.

139
Individual Achievements

・ Arima, M. and Saito, S. Neogene granitoid plutons in the Izu Collision Zone, central Japan:transformation of juvenile oceanic arc into mature continental crust. American Geophysical Union,
Fall Meeting, Abstract V21D-2529, 2011,12,06, San Francisco, CA, USA.
・Saito S. Various granitoid plutons in an ongoing arc-arc collision zone, the Izu collision zone,
central Japan: implications for transformation from juvenile arc crust to continental crust. Hutton
symposium VII : The Origin of Granites and Related Rocks, Abstracts p.128-129, 2011,07,08, Avila,
Spain.

[Invited Lecture / Honoronary Lecture / Panelist]
・ Saito, S. and Nakano, T. Evaluation of water quality of Laguna Lake Watersheds. The 1st International Symposium on Managing Environmental Risks to Food and Health Security in the Laguna Lake
Watersheds, Philippines, Abstract P28-30, 2011,06,03, Research Institute for Humanity and Nature,
Kyoto, Japan (Oral presentation and panelist).
・Saito, S., Ishikawa, M., Arima, M and Tatsumi, Y. Influence of dry pore-spaces on the Vp, Vs, Vp/Vs,
and Poisson’s ratio of crustal rocks. Canadian Geophysical Union Annual meeting, Abstract p136-137, 2011,05,18, Banff Park Lodge, Banff, Alberta, Canada (Invited talk).

RIHN

SASAKI, Naoko[Academic Career]
Department of Forest and Biomaterials Science, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, D.
Course (2005)
Department of Bio-resources, Graduate School of Agriculture, Ehime University, M. Course (2001)
Faculty of Agriculture, Ehime University (1997)[Professional Career]
Visiting Fellow, The Australian National University (2009)
Project Research Fellow, Research Institute for Humanity and Nature (2006)
Technical Assistant, Research Institute for Humanity and Nature (2005)[Higher Degrees]
D.Agr. (Kyoto University, 2006)
M.Agr. (Ehime University, 2001)[Fields of Specialization]
Vegetation History
Forest History
Palaeoecology[Academic Society Memberships]
The Ecological Society of Japan
Japanese Association of Historical Botany
Palynological Society of Japan
American Quaternary Association

Individual Achievements

Visiting Researcher

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RIHN Annual Report 2011

―Achievements―[Papers][Original Articles]
・Sasaki, N. and Takahara, H. 2011,06 Late-Holocene human impact on the vegetation around Mizorogaike
Pond in northern Kyoto Basin, Japan: a comparison of pollen and charcoal records with archaeologicaland historical data. Journal of Archaeological Science 38(6) :1199-1208. DOI:10.1016/j.jas.
2010.12.013.(reviewed).in press.

SATO, Yo-Ichiro
Deputy Director-General, Professor

Born in 1952.
[Academic Career]
Faculty of Agriculture, Kyoto University (1977)
Department of Agronomy, Kyoto University, M. Course (1979)[Professional Career]
Assistant at Faculty of Agriculture, Kochi University (1981)
Research Associate at National Institute of Genetics (1983)
Associate Professor at Shizuoka University (1994)
Professor, Research Institute for Humanity and Nature (2004)
Deputy Director-General, Research Institute for Humanity and Nature (2008)
Dierctor, Center for Coordination, Promotion and Communication (2011)[Higher Degrees]
D.Agr. (Kyoto University, 1986)[Fields of Specialization]
Plant genetics[Academic Society Memberships]
Japan Society of Breeding
Society of Evolutionary Studies, Japan
Japan Society for Scientific Studies on Cultural Properties
Society of Tropical Ecology
The Society of Biosophia Studies
Japanese Society for DNA Polymorphism Research
The Society for the Study of Phytogeography and Taxonomy
The Japanese Forest Society[Awards]
Ninth Matsushita Konosuke “Hana to midori no hakuran-kai kinen shorei-sho” (2001)
Seventh NHK Shizuoka broadcasting station “Akebono-sho” (2001)
Seventeenth Hamada Seiryo-sho (2004)

141
Individual Achievements―Achievements―[Papers][Original Articles]
・ Sato, Y.-I., Leo Aoi Hosoya, Emi Kimura, Takashi Kurata, Chiaki Muto, Katsunori Tanaka 2011,04
Sustainable agriculture: the lessons from history. Sansai 5 :69-81.(reviewed).

[Research Presentations][Oral Presentation]
・ "Rice: grown in China”. Early Rice Cultivation & Its Weed Flora, 2011,05,30-2011,05,31, Beijing,
Chine.

SEO, Akihiro

Born in 1972.
[Academic Career]

Faculty of Science, Kagoshima University (1996)[Professional Career]
Research Fellow, Research Institute for Humanity and Nature (2006)
Postdoctoral Scientist, Kyoto University (2002)[Higher Degrees]D.Sc(Kyoto University, 2002)
M.Sc(Kagoshima University, 1998)[Fields of Specialization]
Plant Taxonomy
Biogeography[Academic Society Memberships]
The Botanical Society of JapanThe Japanese Society for Plant Systematics
The Society for the Study of Species―Achievements―[Research Presentations][Oral Presentation]
・I. Yoshimori, K. Yoshikawa, and A. Seo. Microsatellite Markers for Avicennia marina.. RIHN Satellite
Symposium for IAS International Conference 2010 at Kyoto Keystone Species of Human Subsistence
Ecosystems in Arab Societies., December 2011, RHIN, Kyoto.

Individual Achievements

Department of Botany, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University (2002)
Department of Biology, Graduate School of Science, Kagoshima University (1998)

RIHN

Visiting Researcher

142
RIHN Annual Report 2011TACHIMOTO, Narifumi
Director-General

Born in 1940.
[Professional Career]
Director-General, Research Institute for Humanity and Nature (2007-)
Dean, Graduate School of Global Humanics, Chubu University (2003)
Dean, Graduate School of International Studies and Colege of International Studies, Chubu University(2001)
Professor, College of International Studies, Chubu University (2001)
Director, Center for Southeast Asian Studies, Kyoto University (1998)
Professor, Center for Southeast Asian Studies, Kyoto University (1980)
Cultural Attaché, Embassy of Japan, Jakarta (1977)[Higher Degrees]
Ph.D., Anthropology (University of Chicago, 1974)
M.A., Sociology (Kyoto University, 1967)[Fields of Specialization]
Humanics; Anthropology; Sociology; SEA Area Studies[Awards]
The Purple Ribbon Medal (2003)―Achievements―[Research Presentations][Invited Lecture / Honoronary Lecture / Panelist]
・TACHIMOTO, Narifumi Keynote Speech: Islam and Multiculturalism: Between Norms and Forms. JSPS Asia
and Africa Science Platform Program, 2011,11,26-2011,11,27, Waseda University, Tokyo.

TAKANO Takenaka Kohei
Project Researcher

Born in 1977.
[Academic Career]BA, Fuculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology (2001)
MA, Grad. Sch. of Environmental Earth Sci., Hokkaido University (2003)
PhD, Grad. Sch. of Environmental Earth Sci., Hokkaido University (2006)[Professional Career]PD, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki University (Apr 2006-July 2009)
Assistant Professor, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki University (Aug 2009-Mar 2010)
Academic affair staff, Grad. Sch. of Biomedical Sci., Nagasaki University (Apr 2010-Mar 2011)[Higher Degrees]
Ph.D. (Hokkaido University, 2006)

143
Individual Achievements[Fields of Specialization]
Plant and insect ecology
Ecological genetics
Molecular philogeny
Molecular evolution[Academic Society Memberships]
Ecological Society of JapanThe Society for the Study of Species Biology―Achievements―[Books][Chapters/Sections]
・TAKANO Takenaka Kohei. 2012,03 Pollination mutualism between Araceae plants and Colocasiomyia flies.
Kawakita A and Okuyama U (ed.) Biology of species interactions. Syuseibutugaku Kenkyu, 35. Bun-ishi
Sogo Shuppan Co., pp.195-216. (in Japanese) (Refreed)

RIHN[Papers][Original Articles][Research Presentations][Poster Presentation]
・ Takano, K. T., M. Nakagawa, K. Kishimoto-Yamada, S. Yamashita, H. O. Tanaka, Y. Tokumoto, T.
Matsumoto, D. Fukuda, H. Nagamasu, M. Ichikawa, K. Momose, S. Sakai, T. Itioka and T. Nakashizuka
Changes in land use, biodiversity, ecosystem services and local livelihoods in tropical forests of
Malaysian Borneo. Planet under Pressure, 2012,03,25-2012,03,30, London, UK.
・Takano, K. T., K. Kishimoto-Yamada and T. Itioka Diversity of beetles using wood-decay in different
land uses in and around Lambir Hills National Park, Sarawak, Malaysian Borneo. The 5th EAFES (East
Asian Federation of Ecological Societies) International Congress, 2012,03,17-2012,03,20, Ootsu,
Japan.

TANIGUCHI, Makoto
Professor

Born in 1959.
[Academic Career]
University of Tsukuba, Japan Ph.D. Hydrology (1987)
University of Tsukuba, Japan M.S. Hydrology (1984)
University of Tsukuba, Japan B.S. Geosciences (1982)[Professional Career]
Research Institute for Humanity and Nature, Associate Professor (2003 - 2007)

Individual Achievements

・Takano KT, Repin R, Mohamed MB, Toda MJ. 2012,01 Pollination mutualism between Alocasia macrorrhizos(Araceae) and two taxonomically undescribed Colocasiomyia species (Diptera: Drosophilidae) in Sabah,
Borneo. Plant Biology . DOI:10.1111/j.1438-8677.2011.00541.x.(reviewed).Early View (Online Version
of Record published before inclusion in an issue).

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RIHN Annual Report 2011

Department of Earth Sciences, Nara University of Education, Professor (2000 - 2003)
Department of Earth Sciences, Nara University of Education, Associate Professor (1993 - 2000)
Department of Earth Sciences, Nara University of Education, Research Associate (1988 - 1990)
Division of Water Resources, CSIRO, Australia, Visiting Scientist (1987 - 1988)[Higher Degrees]
D.Sc (The University of Tsukuba,1987)
M.Sc.(The University of Tsukuba,1984)[Fields of Specialization]
Environmental dynamic analysis
Hydrology/Weather/Oceanic physics[Academic Society Memberships]
American Geophysical Union
International Association of Hydrological Sciences
International Association of Hydrogeology
Japanese Association of Groundwater Hydrology
Japanese Association of Hydrological Science
Japan Society of Engineering Geology
The Japan Society of Hydrology and Water Resources
The Association of Japanese Geographers
The Japanese Society of Limnology[Awards]
Award of 7th Japanese Association of Limnology (Yoshimura Prize, 2005)
Research award from the Association of Japanese Geographers (1987)―Achievements―[Books][Authored/Co-authored]
・Gissen, N., Bardsleym, E., Seyler, F.,Pail, R., Taniguchi, M. 2011,06 GRACE, Remote Sending and
Ground-based Methods in Multi-Scale Hydrology. IAHS Publication, 196pp[Editing][Editing / Co-editing]・Taniguchi, M. (ed.) 2011 Groundwater and Subsurface Environments - Human Impacts in Asian Coastal
Cities . Springer, 312pp.

[Papers][Original Articles]
・Nakada, S., Umezawa, Y., Taniguchi, M., Yamano, H. 2011,10 Groundwater Dynamics of Fongafale Islet,
Funafuti Atoll, Tuvalu. Ground Water . DOI:10.1111/j.1745-6584.2011.00874.(reviewed).
・Green, T. R., Taniguchi, M., Kooi, H., Gurdak, J. J., Allen, D. A., Hiscock, K. M., Treidel, H.,
Aureli, A. 2011,08 Beneath the surface of global change: Impacts of climate change on groundwater.
Journal of Hydrology . DOI:10.1016/j.jhydrol.2011.05.002..(reviewed).
・Taniguchi, M., Yamamoto, K., and Aarukkalige, P. R. 2011,07 Groundwater resources assessment based onsatellite GRACE and hydrogeology in Western Australia. GRACE, Remote Sensing and Ground-based
Methods in Multi-Scale Hydrology (Proceedings of Symposium J-H01 held during IUGG2011 in Melbourne,
Australia, July 2011) 343 :3-8.(reviewed).

145
Individual Achievements

・Glesson, T., Alley, W. M.., Allen, D. M., Sophocleous, M. A., Zhou, Y., Taniguchi, M., VanderSteen,
J. 2011,05 Towards Sustainable Groundwater Use: Setting Long-Term Goals, Backcasting, and Managing
Adaptively. Ground Water . DOI:10.1111/3.1745-6584.2011.00825..(reviewed).
・Uemura, T., Taniguchi, M., and Shibuya, K. 2011,04 Submarine groundwater discharge in Lützow-Holm
Bay, Antarctica. Geophysical Research Letters VOL. 38(L08402). DOI:10.1029/2010GL046394.(reviewed).
・Taniguchi, M., Yamamoto, K., and Aarukkalige, P. R. 2011 Groundwater resources assessment based onsatellite GRACE and hydrogeology in Western Australia. GRACE, Remote Sensing and Ground-based
Methods in Multi-Scale Hydrology 343 :3-8.(reviewed).
・Kagabu, M., Shimada, J., Delinom, R., Tsujimura, M., Taniguchi, M. 2011 Groundwater flow system undera rapidly urbanizing coastal city as determined by hydrogeochemistry. Journal of Asian Earth
Sciences 40 :226-239.(reviewed).
・Hosono, T., Nakano, T., Shimizu, Y., Onodera, S., and Taniguchi, M. 2011 Hydrogeological constraint
on nitrate and arsenic contamination in Asian metropolitan groundwater. Hydrological Processes .
DOI:10.1002/hyp.8015.(reviewed).
・ Nakada, S., Yasumoto J., Taniguchi, M., Ishitobi, T. 2011 Submarine groundwater discharge andseawater circulation in a subterranean estuary beneath a tidal flat. Hydrological Processes . DOI:
10.1002/hyp.8016.(reviewed).

[Research Presentations]・ Taniguchi, M. ”Human Impacts on Urban Subsurface Environment”. Consortium on urban subsurface
environment management in Asia, 2011,10,17, Metro Manila, Philippines.
・Taniguchi, M. ”Effects of urbanization and groundwater flow on subsurface warming, China-Japan” .
Joint workshop on Subsurface Warming, 2011,09,27, Xi'an, China.
・Taniguchi, M. “Impact of Coastal Disasters on Water Security in Japan". World Water Week, side
event,, 2011,08,22, Stockholm, Sweden.
・Taniguchi, M. ”Groundwater resources assessment based on satellite GRACE and hydrogeology in Western
Australia". GRACE, Remote Sensing and Ground-based Methods in Multi-Scale Hydrology, 2011,07,02,
Melborune, Australia.
・Taniguchi, M. ”Distrobution of submarine groundwater discharge investigated by 222Rn survey along
the coastal line of Mt. Chokai, North Japan”, . JHW02 Freshwater ecosystem interaction in the
coastal zone, 2011,07,02, Melborune, Australia.
・ Taniguchi, M. Uncontrolled Practices and Resources Use ： Natural resources capacities and social
capabilities for water, material and heat issues in Asian 7 coastal cities. ACSEE, 2011,06,05,
Ramadan Hotel, Osaka.
・Taniguchi, M. Evaluation of natural capacity and social capability for sustainable use of subsurface
environment in Asiancities. JpGU, 2011,05,22, Makuhari, Chiba.
・Taniguchi, M. . IASS,Global Urban Change-From Concepts to Integrated Scenarios, 2011,04,30, Potsdam,
Germany .

[Invited Lecture / Honoronary Lecture / Panelist]
・Taniguchi, M. Asian Vision on Transdisciplinary Sustainability Development and Environmental Research
Day 2, Theme: Transforming our Way of Living”. Planet under Pressures-New Knowledge towards
Solutions, 2012,03,27, London, England.
・ Taniguchi, M. Water: Integrated assessment, governance and management in changing conditions at
global, regional and transboundary levels Day 2 Theme: Meetings Global Needs. Planet under
Pressures-New Knowledge towards Solutions, 2012,03,27, London, England..

Individual Achievements[Oral Presentation]

RIHN

・Hosono, T., Su, C-C., Delinom, R., Umezawa, Y., Toyota, T., Kaneko, S., Taniguchi, M. 2011 Decline In
Heavy Metal Contamination In Marine Sediments In Jakarta Bay, Indonesia Due To Increasing
Environmental Regulations. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science 92 :297-306.(reviewed).

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RIHN Annual Report 2011

・Taniguchi, M., Yamamoto, K., Sarukkalige, R. P., Fukuda, T. Tracing recent climate and environmental
impacts on groundwater storage using GRACE. H74 AGU 2011 Fall meeting, 2011,12,05-2011,12,09,
Moscone Center, SF, USA.
・ Taniguchi, M. Water security and services in the ocean-aquifer system. H33M-01, AGU 2011 Fall
meeting, 2011,12,05-2011,12,09, Moscone Center, SF, USA.
・Taniguchi, M. Human and Climate Impacts on Groundwater. UNESCO-GRAPHIC training course "Methods forassessing impacts of climate change and human activities on groundwater resources", 2011,11,02, Sun
Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.
・ Taniguchi, M. Ground Water Resource Management and Planning. International Conference on Green
Urbanism 2011-Planning Greener Cities-, 2011,10,18-2011,10,20, Metro Manila, Philippines.

TSUJINO, Riyou
Senior Project Researcher

Born in 1976.
[Higher Degrees]
D.Sc (Kyoto University, 2006)[Fields of Specialization]
Forest Ecology
Plant-Animal Interaction Ecology[Academic Society Memberships]
Ecological Society of Japan
Mammalogical Society of Japan
Mycological Society of Japan―Achievements―[Papers][Original Articles]
・Koda R, Agetsuma N, Agetsuma-Yanagihara Y, Tsujino R, Fujita N 2011 A proposal of the method of deer
density estimate without fecal decomposition rate: a case study of fecal accumulation rate techniquein Japan. Ecological Research 26 :227-231.(reviewed).
・Hanya G, Ménard N, Qarro M, Tattou MI, Fuse M, Vallet D, Yamada A, Go M, Takafumi H, Tsujino R,
Agetsuma N, Wada K 2011 Dietary adaptations of temperate primates: comparisons of Japanese andBarbary macaques. Primates 52 :187-198.(reviewed).

UMETSU, Chieko
Associate Professor[Academic Career]
Ph.D. (Agricultural and Resource Economics, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu Hawaii USA 1995),
M.A. (International Relations, International University of Japan, Niigata, Japan, 1989)

147
Individual Achievements[Professional Career]
Science & Math Teacher(O level), Kiriani High School, Meru, Kenya, Japan Overseas Cooperation
Volunteers, JICA. (1979)
Training Co-ordinator, Tohoku Branch Office, Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA)(1982)
Visiting Fellow, Program on Environment, East-West Center, Honolulu, Hawaii. U.S.A.(1995)
Assistant Professor, The Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kobe University, Japan(1997)
Visiting Scholar, Environmental Studies, Research Program, East-West Center, Honolulu, Hawaii, U.S.A.
(2001)
Associate Professor, Research Institute for Humanity and Nature, Inter-University Research InstituteCorporation, National Institutes for the Humanities, Kyoto, Japan(2002)[Higher Degrees]
Ph.D.(University of Hawaii, 1995)
M.A.(International University of Japan, 1989)[Fields of Specialization]
Environmental and Resource Economics
Development Economics
Agricultural and Rural Development[Academic Society Memberships]
International Association of Agricultural Economists,
American Agricultural Economics Association (AAEA),

Japan Society for International Development (JASID),
Japanese Society of Irrigation, Drainage and Rural Engineering (JSIDRE)[Awards]
IAAE-JB Research Award(2001)
Best Article Award from the Agricultural Economics Society of Japan (2003)―Achievements―[Papers][Original Articles]
・ K.Palanisami, C.R.Ranganathan and Chieko Umetsu. 2011,04 “Groundwater Over-exploitation andEfficiency in Crop Production in South India: Application of Data Envelopment Analysis”. Journal ofApplied Operational Research 3(1) :13-22.(reviewed).

[Research Presentations][Oral Presentation]
・Umetsu, C., Shinjo H., Sakurai T., Shimada S., Yoshimura M., Lekprichakul T. Dynamics of socialecological systems: Farmers' resilience and food security in Southern Zambia. Planet Under Pressure
2012, 2012,03,25-2012,03,29, Excel London, UK..Theme A: Meeting Global Needs, Session "Foodsecurity: challenges to closing yield, economic and nutritional gaps in sustainable food systems".

[Invited Lecture / Honoronary Lecture / Panelist]
・Organized Session: “Building resilience to Tsunami disaster in Asian coastal regions” . World Water
Week 2011 Side Event, 2011,08,22, Stockholm International Fairs & Congress Center.Co-organized with
IWMI-TATA Water Policy Program, Resilience Projet, Futurability Initiatives, RIHN Mega City Project.

Individual Achievements

International Society for Ecological Economics (ISEE),
Agricultural Economics Society of Japan (AESJ), 1998-2009.
Society for Environmental Economics and Policy Studies (SEEPS),

RIHN

Applied Microeconomics

148
RIHN Annual Report 2011

UYAR, Aysun
Assistant Professor

Born in 1980.
[Academic Career]
B.Sc., Department of International Relations, Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences, Middle
East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey (2001)
M.Sc., Institute of Social Sciences, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey (2004)
Ph.D., Graduate School of East Asian Studies, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan (2008)[Professional Career]
Research assistant, Department of International Relations, Faculty of Economics and Administrative
Sciences, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey (2001-2005)
Project assistant, Graduate School of East Asian Studies, Yamaguchi University, Japan (2005-2008)
Post-doc research fellow, Afrasian Centre for Peace and Development Studies, Ryukoku University,
Kyoto, Japan (2008-2010)
Part-time lecturer, Faculty of Intercultural Communication, Ryukoku University (2009-)
Part-time lecturer, Faculty of Social Studies, Doshisha University (2010-)
Part-time lecturer, Institute for International Education, Doshisha University (2011-)[Higher Degrees]
Ph.D. (Yamaguchi University, 2008), Yamaguchi, Japan
M.Sc. (Middle East Technical University, 2004), Ankara, Turkey
B.Sc. (Middle East Technical University, 2001), Ankara, Turkey[Fields of Specialization]
International Relations
International Political Economy,
Regionalism, Regional Integration[Academic Society Memberships]
International Studies Association (ISA)
International Political Science Association (IPSA)The Japan Association of International Relations (JAIR)
Japan Association for Asian Studies (JAAS)
European Association for Japanese Studies (EAJS)Association for the Study of Political Society (ASPOS)Japan-Turkey Friendship Association[Awards]
The First Prize (Paper Contest), Institute for International Monetary Affairs (2005)
Yamaguchi University President Award (2008)―Achievements―[Books][Chapters/Sections]・Aysun Uyar, 2011,10 Japonya’nın Entegre Çevre Çalışmalarında Kadın Araştırmacıların Rolü (The Roleof Women Researchers in Japan’s Integrated Environmental Studies). A. Mete Tuncoku (ed.) ToplumsalGelişmede Türk ve Japon Kadınının Eğitimi (Women’s Education in Turkey and Japan for Social
Development). Ankara: Pozitif Matbaa, pp.229-247. (in Turkish)

149
Individual Achievements

・Aysun Uyar and Tosei Sano 2011,06 Minami Ajia, Chuo Ajiato Nihonno Kouryu (Japan’s Interaction with
West and Central Asia). Matsubara Hiroshi, Sudou Mamoru, Sano Tosei (ed.) Bunka Kouryuno Eria
Sutadi-zu (Area Studies of Cultural Interaction). Minerva, Kyoto, pp.213-243. (in Japanese)
・Aysun Uyar, 2011,05 21.Yüzyılda Türkiye ve Japonya İlişkileri: Karşılıklı İşbirliğinde Stratejik
Kültürel Etkileşme (Turkey and Japan Relations in the 21st Century: Stratejic Cultural Interactionin Bilateral Cooperation). Yelda Demirag and Ozlen Celebi (ed.) 21. Yüzyılda Türk Dış Politikası:
Son On Yıl (Turkish Foreign Policy in the 21st Century: The Last Ten Years). Palme Yayinevi(Turkey), Ankara, pp.303-322. (in Turkish)[Translations / Joint Translations]・ Aysun Uyar, 2011,09 “Takeshita Ken, Kindaikano Yukue to Nihon Fashizumu: Hasimoto Kingorou no
Atatyuruku zouwo Tegakaritoshite (Haşimoto Kingorou’nun Atatürk İmajı’na İstinâden Japon Faşizmi
ve Modernizasyonun Seyri)”. (ed.) A. Mete Tuncoku. Japon Araştırmacıların Gözünden Türkiye
Sempozyumu. Ankara: Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart Üniversitesi Yayınları (ISBN:978-605-4222-13-1), pp.
29-36. (in Turkish) Translation of Takeshita Ken . , .

[Papers][Review Articles]
・Aysun Uyar (ed), 2011,10 . RIHN News (Newsletter) 1(1) :1-2.

[Research Presentations]・Makoto Taniguchi and Aysun Uyar, (Conference paper) Global Environmental Chang-Japan Initiative for
Sustainability Development and Environmental Research in Asia. Planet under Pressure Conference,
2012,03,26-2012,03,29, London, UK.
・ Aysun Uyar, (Conference paper) Regional Environmental Cooperation from the Perspective ofInternational Relations: Functional Cooperation for Environment. The 2nd ASPOS Conference,
2011,09,18-2011,09,19, Doshisha University, Kyoto. (in Japanese)
・Aysun Uyar, (Conference paper) Rage of Environmental Regionalism in East Asia: Japan’s Prospective
Regional-Economic
Partnership
Agreements.
13th
International
Conferenceof
EAJS,
2011,08,24-2011,08,28, Tallinn, Estonia.
・Aysun Uyar, (Conference paper) Environmental Regionalism in Southeast Asia: Green Encounter of theASEAN Community. WISC-Third Global International Studies Conference, 2011,08,17-2011,08,20, Porto,
Portugal.
・(MC) . 10th RIHN Forum, 2011,07,03, KICC, Kyoto. (in Japanese)
・Aysun Uyar, (Conference paper) Changing Dynamics of Human Security: From International Relations toEnvironmental Human Security. IAFOR-ACSEE, 2011,06,03-2011,06,05, Japan, Osaka.

[Invited Lecture / Honoronary Lecture / Panelist]・ (Panel organizing committee member) . Planet under Pressure Conference, 2012,03,26-2012,02,29,
London, UK.
・(Boot organizer) RIHN Booth . The 6th World Water Forum, 2012,03,12-2012,03,17, Marseille, France.
・(Steering committee member/Chair) . Boğaziçi University-Ryukoku University Afrasian Research CenterFirst International Workshop, 2012,03,02-2012,03,03, Istanbul, Turkey.
・(MC) . The Third Kyoto Earth Forum Special Session, 2012,02,13, KICC, Kyoto.
・(Host country steering committee member) . The 5th Belmont Forum, 2012,01,17-2012,01,18, RIHN, Kyoto.
・ (Lecturer) International Environmental Politics. Doshisha University “Stay in Kyoto” Program,
2012,01,13, Doshisha University, Kyoto.

Individual Achievements[Oral Presentation]

RIHN

・Aysun Uyar (ed), 2012,03 . RIHN News (Newsletter) 1(2) :1-2.

150
RIHN Annual Report 2011

・ (Part-time Lecturer) Introduction to International Politics”, Faculty of Intercultural
Communication, Ryukoku University; "Japan and Asia” and “International Cooperation Policy”, ,Institute for Liberal Arts, "Special Issues in Social Studies I: Turkish Foreign Policy”, Facultyof Social Studies, Doshisha University . , 2012, .
・(Lecturer) International Relations and Global Environmental Issues. Gate to Global Environmental
Studies, Hokuryo High School-RIHN Lecture Series, 2011,11,22, RIHN, Kyoto. (in Japanese)・(Steering committee member) . STS Forum-RCC Meeting, 2011,10,01, RIHN, Kyoto.
・ (Research project member) Environmental Regionalism: Practice of EU’s Regional Environmental
Policies. RIHN Director-General Special Research Fund, RIHN, 2011,09,01-2012,03,31, .
・(Research project member) Research into the Possibilities of Establishing Multicultural Societies in
the Asia Pacific Region: Conflict, Negotiation, and Migration. Afrasia Research Center, Ryukoku
University, 2011,07,15-2014,03,31, .
・(Lecturer) Global Environmental Politics and International Relations. Doshisha University ILA-RIHN
Visit, 2011,07,01, RIHN, Kyoto.
・(Lecturer) Global Environmental Issues within International Relations . Concepts of Environmental
Systems Course, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Doshisha University, 2011,05,27, Kyoto, Japan.
(in Japanese)・(MC) . The 10th Anniversary Symposium of RIHN, 2011,04,20, KICC, Kyoto. (in Japanese)・(Steering committee member) . RIHN Open House, 2011, RIHN, Kyoto. (in Japanese)

WATANABE, Tsugihiro
Professor

Born in 1953.
[Academic Career]
Department of Agricultural Engineering, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, D. Course(1983)
Department of Agricultural Engineering, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, M. Course(1979)
Department of Agricultural Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyoto University (1977)[Professional Career]
Professor, Research Institute for Humanity and Nature (2003)
Associate Professor, Research Institute for Humanity and Nature (2001)
Associate Professor, Arid Land Research Center, Tottori University (2001)
Associate Professor, College of Agriculture and Bioscience, Osaka Prefecture University (1995)
Associate Professor, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyoto University (1989)
Research Assistant, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyoto University (1984)
Research Fellow, Japan Society for Promotion of Science (1983)[Higher Degrees]
D.Agr. (Kyoto University, 1989)
M.Sc. (Kyoto University, 1979)[Fields of Specialization]
Irrigation and Drainage Engineering[Academic Society Memberships]
Japanese Society of Irrigation Drainage and Reclamation Engineering
Japan Society of Hydrology and Water Resources

151
Individual Achievements

Japanese Association for Water Resources and Environment
Japan Society of Civil Engineers
The Japanese Society for Arid Land Studies
International Commission on Irrigation and Drainage
International Water Resources Association
The Association of Rural Planning―Achievements―[Books][Chapters/Sections]・Tsugihiro Watanabe 2012,03 Integrated Approach to Climate Change Impact Assessment on Agricultural
Production Systems. V. Anbumozhi et al (ed.) Climate Change in Asia and the Pacific. AsianDevelopment Bank Institute and SAGE Publication, Tokyo, pp.138-155.
・ Tsugihiro Watanabe 2011,11 Agriculture and Hydrological System. Shimizu, H. et.
Environmental Science of Water. University of Nagoya Press, pp.155-169. (in Japanese)

al

(ed.)

[Original Articles]

・Junya Hasegawa, Katsuyuki Fujinawa, Seiichiro Ezawa, Tomiharu Toyoda and Tsugihiro Watanebe 2011,04
The influence of soil and water hysteresis on a saturated-unsaturated flow. Journal of Japanese
Association of Groundwater Hydrology 53(1) :25-39. (in Japanese)・Junya HASEGAWA, Katsuyuki FUJINAWA, Seiichiro EZAWA, Tomiharu TOYODA and Tsugihiro WATANABE 2011 The
influence of soil water hysteresis on a saturated-unsaturated flow. Journal of Japanese Associationof Groundwater Hydrology 53(1) :25-39. (in Japanese)[Review Articles]・ Tsugihiro Watanabe and Chihiro Ito 2012,03 Establishing consilience for local water management.
Humanity & Nature 35 :4-5. (in Japanese)・Tsugihiro Watanabe 2012,03 Review of the RIHN Project Report Meeting 2011. Humanity & Nature 35 :10-11. (in Japanese)・Tsugihiro Watanabe 2011,12 Radicalizing the knowledge of land and water to tackle with the climatechange. Preface of Journal of JSIDRE 79(12) :907-908. (in Japanese)[Research Presentations][Oral Presentation]
・Tsugihiro Watanabe Designing Local Framework of integrated Water Resources Management. International
Symposium on “Long Term Vision for the Sustainable Water & Land Use, Linking Global Vision & Local
Wisdom”, 2011,09,20-2011,09,23, Adiyaman, Turkey.
・Tsugihiro Watanabe Closing remarks. The 1st Symposium of the Food and Health Risk Project “Managing
Environmental Risks to Food and Health Security in the Laguna Lake Watersheds Philippines”,
2011,06,30-2011,06,30, Kyoto.
・Tsugihiro Watanabe Agriculture is the art of managing uncertainty. Session Ⅳ: Ecological Resilience
for Stakeholder Farming System in the Semi-Arid Tropics. Comments in Resilience International
Symposium “Building Social- Ecological Resilience in a Changing World”, 2011,06,18-2011,06,20,
Kyoto.

Individual Achievements

・Tsugihiro Watanabe and Shin Hirose 2011,09 Engineering in Wisdom on Land and Water. Journal of JSIDRE
79(9) :7-10. (in Japanese)

RIHN[Papers]

152
RIHN Annual Report 2011

[Invited Lecture / Honoronary Lecture / Panelist]
・Tsugihiro Watanabe Designing local frameworks for integrated water resources management. Workshop on
collaborative
researchonthemesrelating
tothehumanities
andtheenvironment,
2012,03,22-2012,03,23, University of East Anglia, Norwich, United Kingdom.
・Tsugihiro Watanabe Designing Framework of Local Water Management under the Context of Integrated
Water Resources Management. 6th World Water Forum, 2012,03,12-2012,03,17, Marseille, France.
・Tsughiro Watanabe Role of Irrigation and Agriculture in Lake Basin Management. JICA / ILEC Integrated
Basin Management for Lake Environment Course, 2012,01,25, Kusatsu, Shiga. (in Japanese)・Tsugihiro Watanabe Chair:Global Climate Change and Hydrologic Linkages.. 14th World Lake Conference,
2011,10,31-2011,11,04, Austin Texas USA.
・Tsugihiro Watanabe Wise use of water in semi-arid regions. Symposium on “Agro-sciences contributing
to conservation and restoration of environment”. Association of Japanese Agricultural Scientific
Societies, 2011,10,08, Yayoi Hall of the University of Tokyo. (in Japanese)・Tsugihiro Watanabe Introduction of RIHN. Third Conference of Regional Climate Change for 8th STS
forum, 2011,10,03, RIHN, Kyoto.
・Tsugihiro Watanabe Integrated Approach to Climate Change Impact Assessment on Agricultural Production
System.. Session F3, 8th STS forum, 2011,10,03, Kyoto International Conference Hall, Kyoto.
・Tsughiro Watanabe Role of Irrigation and Agriculture in Lake Basin Management. JICA / ILEC Integrated
Basin Management for Lake Environment Course, 2011,08,11, Kusatsu, Shiga.

YAMAMURA, Norio
Professor

Born in 1947.
[Academic Career]
Faculty of Science, Kyoto University, B. Course (Graduated, 1969)
Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, M. Course (Graduated, 1971)
Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, D. Course (Accomplised credits for doctoral program,
1975)[Professional Career]
Associate Professor, Saga Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University (1978)
Professor, Saga Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University (1995)
Professor, Center for Ecological Research, Kyoto University (1996)
Professor,Research Institule for Humanity and Nature (2007)[Higher Degrees]D.Sc（Kyoto University, 1977)
M.Sc.(Kyoto University, 1971)[Fields of Specialization]
Mathematical Ecology
Evolutionary biology[Academic Society Memberships]
Ecological Society of JapanThe Society of Population Ecology
Socity of Evolutionary Studies Japan
Japanese Society for Mathematical Biology
International Union for the Study of Social Insects

153
Individual Achievements

Japan Ethological Society[Awards]
Ecological Society of Japan Award （2007）―Achievements―[Papers][Original Articles]・Hsieh, C., Sakai, Y., Ban, S., Ishikawa, K., Ishikawa. T., Ichise, S.,Yamamura, N. and Kumagai, M
2011 Eutrophication and warming effects on long-term variation of zooplankton in Lake Biwa. .
Aquatic Biogeosciences 8 :1383-1399.(reviewed).
・Yamamura, N., Telschow, A., Uchii, K. and Kawabata, Z. 2011 A basic equation for population dynamics
with destruction of breeding habitats and its application to outbreak of cyprinid herpesvirus 3(CyHV-3). . Ecological Research 26 :181-189.(reviewed).
・Nakazawa, T., Kuwamura, M. and Yamamura, N. 2011 mplications of resting eggs of zooplankton for theparadox of enrichment. . Population Ecology 53 :341-350.(reviewed).

RIHN[Research Presentations][Oral Presentation]

・Norio YAMAMURA Different Social-Ecological Networks in Grassland and Forest Systems: Implication for
their sustainable management.. European Congress of Mathematical and Theoretical Biology., June
2011, Kurakow, Poland..
・Norio YAMAMURA Comparison of ecosystem networks in Mongolia grassland and Malaysia forests.. 日本地球惑星科学連合 2011 年大会., May 2011, 千葉，日本.

YAOTA Kiyoyuki
Project Researcher

Born in 1970.

―Achievements―[Research Presentations][Oral Presentation]
・ Bam H.N. Razafindrabe, Satoshi Saito, Kiyoyuki Yaota, Tadayoshi Masuda, Ryohei Kada Impacts of
Ecological Risks to Food and Health Security in Laguna Lake Region, Philippines. . Global Risk Forum
Davos One Health Summit 2012, 2012,02,19-2012,02,23, Davos, Switzerland.
・Kiyoyuki YAOTA, Satoshi SAITO, Rogelio N. CONCEPCION, Ryohei KADA The Construction of Spatial Data
Map as a Tool for Linking Environmental Risk to Food and Health Security in Laguna Lake Watersheds..
11th International Society for Southeast Asian Agricultural Sciences (ISSAAS) Philippine National
Convention and International Forum, 2011,10,25-2011,10,26, Clarkfield, Angeles City.

Individual Achievements

・Norio YAMAMURA. Social-ecological network and sustainable use of ecological resouces: implicationfrom case studies in Mongolia and Malaysia. . HIN-NTU Biodiversity Colloquium. , December 2011,
Taipei, Taiwan..

154
RIHN Annual Report 2011

[Poster Presentation]
・Bam H.N. Razafindrabe, Kiyoyuki Yaota, Satoshi Saito, Tadayoshi Masuda, Ryohei Kada EcoHealth: How
Changing Environment and Climate affect Human Health and Livelihood Security in the Philippines.
Planet Under Pressure Conference:, 2012,03,26-2012,03,26, London.
・Saito, S., Nakano, T. Shin, K.-C., Maruyama, S., Miyakawa, C., Yaota, K. and Kada, R. Water quality
mapping of Laguna de Bay and its watershed, Philippines.. American Geophysical Union, Fall Meeting,2011,12,09, CA, USA.
・ Kiyoyuki YAOTA, Satoshi SAITO, Bam H.N. Razafindrabe, Ryohei KADA The Integration of Spatial
Information for Management of Food and Health Security - The Case of Laguna Lake, Philippines.
PNC2012(Pacific
Neighborhood
Consortium)
AnnualConference
and
Joint
Meetings,
2011,10,19-2011,10,22, Sasin Graduate Institute of Business Administration of Chulalongkorn
University.

YASUTOMI, Natsuko
Assistant Professor

Born in 1973.
[Academic Career]
Department of Earth and Planetary Science, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo,
D.Course(2003)
Department of Earth and Planetary Science, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo,
M.Course(1998)
Faculty of Science, Kyoto University(1997)[Professional Career]
Assistant Professor, Research Institute for Humanity and Nature (2010)
Senior Project Researcher, Research Institute for Humanity and Nature(2010)
Project Researcher, Research Institute for Humanity and Nature(2009)
Researcher, Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST), Japan Science and Technology
Agency(2003)[Higher Degrees]
D. Sc. (The University of Tokyo, 2003)
M. Sc. (The University of Tokyo, 1998)[Fields of Specialization]
Meteorology
Climatology[Academic Society Memberships]
Meteorological Society of Japan
Japan Geoscience Union
American Geophysical Union
American Meteorological Society

155
Individual Achievements―Achievements―[Papers][Original Articles]
・M. Inatsu, Y. Satake, M. Kimoto, N. Yasutomi 2012,03 GCM bias of the Western Pacific summer monsoon
and its correction by two-way nesting system. Journal of the Meteorological Society of Japan 90B :1-10. DOI:10.2151/jmsj.2012-B01.(reviewed).
・N. Yasutomi, A. Hamada, A. Yatagai 2011,12 Development of a Long-term Daily Gridded Temperature
Dataset and Its Application to Rain/snow Discrimination of Daily Precipitation.. Global
Envirionmental Research 15(2) :165-172.(reviewed).

YUMOTO, Takakazu
Professor[Academic Career]

Department of Botany, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, D. Course (1987)[Professional Career]
Research Fellow, Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (1987),
Assistant Professor, College for Liberal Arts, Kobe University (1989),
Lecturer, College for Liberal Arts, Kobe University (1992),
Lecturer, Faculty of Science, Kobe University (1992),
Associate Professor, Center for Ecological Research, Kyoto University (1994),
Professor, Research Institute for Humanity and Nature (2003)[Higher Degrees]
D. Sc (Kyoto University, 1987)
M.Sc (Kyoto University, 1984)[Fields of Specialization]
Ecology[Academic Society Memberships]
The Ecological Society of Japan,
The Botanical Society of Japan,
The Japan Society of Tropical Ecology,
Japan Society for African Studies,
The Society for the Study of Plant Species,
Japanese Association of Historical Botany,
Wildlife Conservation Society

Individual Achievements

Faculty of Science, Kyoto University (1982),
Department of Botany, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, M. Course (1984),

RIHN

Born in 1959.

156
RIHN Annual Report 2011

―Achievements―[Books][Chapters/Sections]・Yumoto, T. & Uesedo, Y. 2011 A future for tradition: cultural preservation and transmission on
Taketomi Island, Okinawa, Japan. Baldacchino, G. & Niles, D. (ed.) Island Futures. Springer, Tokyo,
pp.139-152.

[Papers][Original Articles]
・Yumoto, T. 2011 Historical perspectives on the relationships between humanity and nature in theJapanese Archipelago. Hong, S.K., Wu, J., Kim, J.E., Nakagoshi, N. (ed.) Landscape Ecology in Asian
Culture. Ecological Research Monographs. Springer, Tokyo, pp.3-10.(reviewed).
・Kusaka, S., Nakano, T., Yumoto, T. & Nakatsukasa, M. 2011 Strontium isotope evidence of migration anddiet in relation to ritual tooth ablation: a case study from Inariyama Jomon site, Japan. Journal ofArchaeological Science 38 :166-174.(reviewed).
・Yumoto, T. 2011 The future of islands. Ogasawara Research 37 :97-102.(reviewed).

ZEBALLOS VELARDE, Carlos Renzo
Senior Project Researcher

Born in 1968.
[Academic Career]
Bachelor in Architecture. National University of San Agustín, Arequipa, Peru, 1992
Professional Degree of Architect. National University of San Agustín, Arequipa, Peru, 1996
Master in Urban Planning and Environmental Management. National University of San Agustín, Arequipa,
Peru, 2002
Master in Sustenaible Development. National University of Lanus, Buenos Aires, Argentina, 2003
PhD. Urban Environmental Planning. Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan. 2007

[Professional Career]
ARQUICAD EIRL, General Manager（1996-2002）
SENCICO, Instructor（1997-2002）
Faculty of Architecture, National University of San Agustin . Associate Professor（1999-2002)
Faculty of Architecture, Santa Maria Catholic University. Associate Professor（2002
Project Research Associate, Research Institute for Humanity and Nature（2006-2007）
Project Researcher, Research Institute for Humanity and Nature（2008）[Higher Degrees]
PhD (Kyoto University, Japan. 2007)
MSc. (Lanus University, Argentina. 2003)
MSc. (San Agustin University, Peru, 2002)[Fields of Specialization]
Architectural Design
Urban Environmental Planning
GIS management
3D modeling157
Individual Achievements[Academic Society Memberships]
Japan Institute of Architects[Awards]
Wiese Bank Award to best Architectural Thesis Project. Peru.(1996)―Achievements―[Research Presentations][Oral Presentation]
・ZEBALLOS, Carlos Modernisation and Landscape Perception: A comparative Study of Otsu, Japan and
Vladivostok, Russia.. International Seminar of Urban Form, 20112608-20112908, .

RIHN
Individual Achievements

46

83
91

Designing Local Frameworks for Integrated Water Resources Management

Human Life, Aging and Disease in High-Altitude Environments: PhysioMedical, Ecological and Cultural Adaptation in Highland Civilizations

Collapse and Restoration of Ecosystem Networks with Human Activity

Historical Interactions between Multi-Cultural Societies and the Natural
Environment in a Semi-Arid Region in Central Eurasia

Environmental Change and Infectious Disease in Tropical Asia

A Study of Human Subsistence Ecosystems in Arab Societies: To Combat
Livelihood Degradation for the Post-oil Era

Managing Environmental Risks to Food and Health Security in Asian Watersheds

Environmental Change and the Indus Civilization

Neolithisation and Modernisation: Landscape History on East Asian Inland Seas

Vulnerability and Resilience of Social-Ecological Systems

Desertification and Livelihood in Semi-Arid Afro-Eurasia

Coastal Area Capability Enhancement in Southeast Asia

C-09-Init(FR1)

D-03 (FR4)

D-04 (FR4)

R-03 (FR5)

R-04 (FR4)

R-05 (FR3)

R-06 (FR1)

H-03 (FR5)

H-04 (FR5)

E-04 (FR5)PR(TANAKA)FS(ISHIKAWA)FS(SATO Tetsu)

Formation of Local Environmental Knowledge Systems for Creation andSustainable Governance of New Commons

The Effect of Local Governance on Incentive Programs for Forest Ecosystem
Service Conservation

41

Megacities and the Global Environment

C-08 (FR2)FS(OKUDA)

60

Global Warming and the Human-Nature Dimension in Siberia: Social
Adaptation to the Changes of the Terrestrial Ecosystem, with an Emphasis on
Water Environments

C-07 (FR3)

18

11

49

7

38

67

60

21

109

79

34

47

Effects of Environmental Change on the Interactions between Pathogens andHumans

C-06 (FR5)

Total

Title of the project

Number and Affiliation of Project Members

Project
NumberAppendix1

2

1

1

1

5

13

10

7

9

11

7

11

5

3

6

6

8

RIHN

10

8

27

3

19

7

27

4

17

36

55

50

24

14

17

27

19

National

1

0

0

1

0

3

2

1

1

1

5

1

1

2

0

0

0

Public

2

1

13

0

2

12

3

0

8

9

19

6

7

5

5

1

3

PrivateUniversity / College

0

0

0

0

0

4

5

0

0

0

4

1

0

0

0

2

0

1

1

1

0

2

6

1

1

3

1

2

6

1

1

0

4

2

1

0

0

2

2

1

0

0

5

0

1

1

2

0

1

1

1

InterUniversity
PublicPrivateResearch Institution Institution
Institute

0

0

1

0

1

2

0

0

8

3

3

0

4

0

1

1

1

Others

1

0

6

0

7

19

12

8

40

22

13

3

2

16

4

18

13

Overseas
institution

Title of the project

11

FS(WATANABE)

Total

1024

17

FS
Survivability and Autonomy in Southeast Asia: Perspectives from Land Use(YOKOYAMA) Changes and Resource Chains

Environmental Change and Immunological Adaptation in the Mekong River
Region24

FS
The History of Human-Water Interactions in East Asian Livelihood(MURAMATSU) Complexes

9

22

FS
Lakes as Sources and Sinks: Social and Ecological Dynamics Affecting(FUKUSHIMA) Downstream/Pollution-Accumulating Lakes

Designing Agriculture in the Era of Petroleum Scarcity

31

Historical Adaptation to Climate Change in Japan: Integrating Palaeoclimatological
FS(NAKATSUKA) Data and Archaeological Evidence

FS (MATOH)

35

14

Total

Water-and Food-Sheds in the Noto Peninsula: New Scales of Analysis in
Global Environmental Studies

FS(NAGAO)FS
Scenario for Environment-conscious Mature Society in East Asia
(SATO Yo-Ichiro)

Project
Number

125

1

5

3

0

0

0

0

10

RIHN

457

8

6

5

6

14

23

30

1

National

23

0

1

0

0

0

0

3

0

Public

120

1

2

11

1

2

2

2

3

PrivateUniversity / College

18

0

0

0

0

0

2

0

0

42

0

1

0

1

3

4

0

0

18

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

InterUniversity
PublicPrivateResearch Institution Institution
Institute

195

1

2

5

0

3

0

0

0

Overseas
institution

As of March 31, 2012

26

0

0

0

1

0

0

0

0

OthersAppendix 2

Research Fields of Project Members

Project
NumberTitle of the ProjectC-06 (FR5)

Effects of Environmental Change on the Interactions between
Pathogens and Humans

C-07 (FR3)Global Warming and the Human-Nature Dimension in Siberia:
Social Adaptation to the Changes of the Terrestrial Ecosystem,with an Emphasis on Water Environments

46

12

C-08 (FR2)

Megacities and the Global Environment

7

C-09-Init (FR1)

Designing Local Frameworks for Integrated Water Resources
Management

D-03 (FR4)

Human Life, Aging and Disease in High-Altitude Environments: Physio-Medical, Ecological and Cultural Adaptation inHighland Civilizations

D-04 (FR4)

Collapse and Restoration of Ecosystem Networks with Human
Activity

R-03 (FR5)

R-04 (FR4)The number of projects members

Historical Interactions between Multi-Cultural Societies and the
Natural Environment in a Semi-Arid Region in Central Eurasia

Environmental Change and Infectious Disease in Tropical Asia

Natural Sciences

Humanities andMultidisciplinary
Social Sciences

Research Background of Project Members

Total

47

(Natural Sciences) Nanotechnology, Ecology, Fish ecology, Molecular ecology, Environmental conservation, Plant breeding, Fisheries biology, Environmental science and microbiology, Mathematical ecology, Aquatic ecology, Legionella ecology,
Behavioral ecology, Stable isotope ecology, Animal ecology, Ecosystem ecology, Microbial ecology, Environmental resource geology, Isotope geosciences, Toxicology, Environment assessment and ecopolicy, Environmental fate analysis, Molecular biology,
Bioinformatics, Medical science(Humanities and Social Sciences) Economics, Sociology, Ethics, Food culture, Law, Geoenvironmental science, Environmental economics(Multidisciplinary) Ecology, Health science, Sanitary, Medical science, Environmental medicine, Environmental conservation

2

60(Natural Sciences) Ecohydrology, Forestry, Remote sensing and modeling, Atmospheric model, Atmospheric physics, Plant physiological ecology, Terrestrial ecosystems modeling, Conservation ecology, Forest hydrology, Ecosystem impact,
Atmospheric chemistry, Meteorology, Water and energy cycle, Ecological model, Isotope hydrology, Ethology, River engineering, Hydrology, Forest meteorology, Marine physics, Limnology, Ecology, Environmental conservation, Dendrochronology,
Forest science, Earth science, Geochemistry, Animal physiological ecology, Frozen ground science, Cryosphere landscape, Groundwater analysis(Humanities and Social Sciences) Civil engineering, Social anthropology, Cultural anthropology, International relations, Sociology, Politics, Russian economy, Descriptive linguistics, History, Religious folklore, Mythology(Multidisciplinary) Atmospheric chemistry, Ecohydrology

11

16

34

(Natural Sciences) Infrastructure planning and management, Hydrology, Urban landscape planning, City sustainability, Remote sensing(Humanities and Social Sciences) Japanese economic history, Marketing and distribution, Economic history of Dutch East Indies, Religion, Soundscape studies, Regional resources management, Geographic information system, Environmental economics, Axiology(Multidisciplinary) Architectural history, Urban history, Urban policy planning, Studies of colonial architecture, Urban history in southeast Asia, Islamic architecture and architectural history, City planning and spatial information science, Urban redevelopment,
City planning, Western urban history, Historical demography, Economic geography, Studies of China-towns

21

13

7

41

(Natural Sciences) Hydrospheric atmospheric system, Environmental fate analysis, Natural disaster science, Water control science, Regional planning, Irrigation and drainage, Irrigation engineering, Environmental informatics, Agricultural engineering,
Hydrology for Environmental engineering, Rural planning, Theoretical ecology, Environmental studies, Agricultural meteorology, Soil science, Drainage engineering, Agricultural economics, Land resource science(Humanities and Social Sciences) Cultural anthropology, Geography, History of Islamic art and culture, Archaeology, Social development study, Environmental policy, Policy science, Economic geography, Sociology, Environmental science, Agricultural economics(Multidisciplinary) Global environmental studies, Agricultural engineering, Rural planning, Marketing, Regional development planning, Regional information, Water resources and environmental engineering

22

8

16

46

(Natural Sciences) Forest resource management, Public health, Pastoral ecology, Psychosomatic medicine, Field medicine, Cardiology, Chrono-medicine, Ecology of water resource, Physical geography, Ecology, Primatology, Neurology, Forest science,
Food microbiology, Glaciology, Agrology, Geoecology, Meteorology, Animal husbandry, Geriatrics, Epidemiology(Humanities and Social Sciences) Ethnobotany, Resource economics, History of Indian and Tibetan buddhism, Anthropology, African area studies, History of Chinese thought, Study of nature, Tibetan Buddhism, Archaeology(Multidisciplinary) Field medicine, Cultural anthropology, Agricultural economics, Ethnobotany, Human geography, Area studies, Agricultural management, Grassland science, Primatology, Environmental history, Mountain anthropology, Forest ecology, Agroecology

79(Natural Sciences) Theoretical ecology, Entomology, Isotope ecology, Grassland ecology, Remote sensing, Forest ecology, Environmental studies, Ecology, Physical geography, Geocryology, Interaction ecology, Insect ecology, Forest mensuration,
Environmental ecology, Environmental sciences, Mathematical ecology, Soil science, Systematic botany, Resources and environment(Humanities and Social Sciences) Environmental sociology, Environmental economics, Agro-economics, Anthropology, Ecological anthropology, Cultural anthropology, Area studies, Geography, Theoretical sociology, Politics, GIS(Multidisciplinary) Regional planning, Global environmental studies, Nomad ecology

109(Natural Sciences) Hydrology, Glacier biology, Glaciology, Soil science, Climate change, Forest ecology, Remote sensing analysis, Ice core analysis, Sedimentology, Landscape ecology, Physical geography, Modeling of soil organic matter, Agricultural land planning,
Remote sensing, Hydrological modeling, Glacier biology, Dendrochronology, Irrigation system, Landscape development, Quaternary research, Tectonic landform, Isotope hydrology, Water circulation, Archaeology, Satellite analysis,
Risk analysis of ecosystem, Environmental architecture design, Landscape ecology, Irrigation system planning, Snow and ice chemistry, Geochemistry, Synthesis of natural proxies and historical documents, Botany & entomology, Climatology, Snow/ice hydrology,
Forest science, Natural environmental changes, Geology(Humanities and Social Sciences) Politics, Ethnology, Pastoral nomadism, Archaeology, International relations on water resources, Folklore of religion, Social anthropology, Silla history, Silla agricultural history, Oriental studies, Archaeological survey, Historyof central Asia development, Modern Kazakhstan history, Agricultural history of Kazakhstan, Chinese history, Central Eurasian history, Manchurian documents, Environmental politics, Western and southern Asian history, Cultural anthropology, History, Historyof religious art(Multidisciplinary) Ethnology, Area studies, Archaeology, Geographical studies, Geoarchaeology, Geography, Environmental Studies

83(Natural Sciences) Epidemiology, Microbiology and immunology, Forest ecology, Insect ecology, Medical entomology, Environmental epidemiology, Climate change and diseases, Infectious disease epidemiology, Biological anthropology, Public health, Parasitology,
Environmental microbiology, Microbiology, Clinical chemistry, Environmental health, Demography, Malariology, Tropical environmental health, International school health, Laboratory medicine, Helminthology, Spatial epidemiology, Meteorology, Tropical medicine,
Isotope environmental studies, Regional planning, Agriculture, Ecology, Environmental toxicology, Human ecology, Immunology, Health statistics, Socio-epidemiology, Limnology, Fish ecology, Animal ecology(Humanities and Social Sciences) Health and Medical Sociology, History of medicine, Area studies, Forestry, Social anthropology, Public system programming, Cultural anthropology, Medical anthropology, Modern Chinese history, International health,International medical cooperation, Geography, Postwar economic history and medical history, GIS(Multidisciplinary) Human ecology, Population health, Social healthcare survey, International agriculture, Social research, Health planning, Public health, Commons studies, Informatics, Regional information, Community health nursing, Health policy,
Southeast Asian area studies, Public health nutrition, Nursing science, Health education, International health, Geoinformatics

30

57

58

48

9

18

40

16

8

4

11

19

R-05 (FR3)A Study of Human Subsistence Ecosystems in Arab Societies :To Combat Livelihood Degradation for the Post-oil Era

48

25

18

91

(Natural Sciences) Nutrient physiology, Forest ecology, Fungology, Bio-chemistry, Aquatic biological informatics, Bioacoustics, Plant ecophysiology, Animal physiology, Biological oceanography, Forest hydrology, Soil hydrology, Plant ecology,
Revegetation technology, Agricultural chemistry, Natural geography, Hydrology, Tree environmental physiology, Irrigation and drainage, GIS, City planning, Water resource management, Forestry, Tree physiology, Entomology, Food science, Weed science,
Biology, Geology, Oceanography, Botany(Humanities and Social Sciences) Archaeology, Agricultural economics, Information science, Cultural Anthropology, History, Islamic culture, Folklore, Religious anthropology, Development study, Education, Agricultural education(Multidisciplinary) Cultural Anthropology, Remote sensing, Afforestation, Architectonics, Landscape ecology, Architectural history, Environmental topography, Social anthropology, Agro-economics, Forestry, GIS, Fisheries, Marine mineral resources,
Agriculture, Genetics, Seed

R-06 (FR1)Managing Environmental Risks to Food and Health Security in
Asian Watersheds

13

5

3

21

(Natural Sciences) Environmental chemistry, Plant ecology, Isotope environmental studies, Earth science,、Environmental risk, Organic chemistry, Preventive medicine, Isotopic-geochemical study, Environmental medicine, Biology, Lake environmental studies,
Public health(Humanities and Social Sciences) Environmental economics, Environmental resource economics, Spatial econometrics, Resource economics(Multidisciplinary) Disaster management, Public health, Resource economics

H-03 (FR5)

Environmental Change and the Indus Civilization

24

26

10

60

(Natural Sciences) Agriculture, Archaeology, Biological science, Seismology、Genetics, Hydrology, Earth science, Glacial biology, Earth physics, Resource geography, Geology, Geomorphology, Ecology, Climatology, Physical geography, Geochronology,
Tectonic geomorphology(Humanities and Social Sciences) Linguistics, Archaeology, Indology, Linguistics (Kinnauri), Economics, Cultural anthropology, History of west Asia
(Multidisciplinary) Archaeology, DNA archaeology, Folklore, Plant genetics and evolution, Archaeo-zoology, Archaeo-botany

H-04 (FR5)

Neolithisation and Modernisation: Landscape History on East
Asian Inland Seas

8

37

22

67

(Natural Sciences) Ichthyology, Landscape engineering, Diet, Archaeology, Human geography, Social engineering, Micropaleontology, Computer engineering(Humanities and Social Sciences) Japanese archaeology, Sociolinguistics, Euro-Japan archaeology, Trade history, Japanese history, Archaeology, Landscape history, Cultural anthropology, Folklore, Philosophy, English language, Religious folklore, Chinese archaeology,
English literature, Japanese linguistics, Historical geography, Chinese folklore, Korean archaeology, Prehistoric anthropology, Medieval history, Environmental sociology, Linguistic informatics, Politics, History, Medieval archaeology, Human historical geography(Multidisciplinary) Theory of landscape, Ecological anthropology, Ethnology, Landscape archaeology, Archaeology, Archaeobotany, Folklore, GIS archaeology, Japanese archaeology, Cultural anthropology, Jomon and western archaeology, Prehistoric
anthropology, Information culture, Landscape engineering, Landscape history, Environmental anthropology, Historical ecology, East Asian archaeology

E-04 (FR5)

Vulnerability and Resilience of Social-Ecological Systems

16

12

10

38

(Natural Sciences) Soil environmental science, Agronomy, Remote sensing, Soil science, Geography, Atmospheric physics, Forest ecology, Crop science, Botany, Meteorology, Mathematical ecology, Agricultural meteorology(Humanities and Social Sciences) Resource & environmental economics, Development economics, Agricultural economics, African area studies、Cultural anthropology, Sociology, Geography(Multidisciplinary) Ecological anthropology, Environmental geography, Geographic information, Environmental & health economics, Soil hydrology, Palliative medicine, Human ecology, Mathematics

PR (TANAKA)

Desertiﬁcation and Livelihood in Semi-Arid Afro-Eurasia

3

1

3

7

(Natural Sciences) Soil ecology, Weed science, Environmental soil science, Ecotourism(Humanities and Social Sciences) Development sociology(Multidisciplinary) Terrestrial ecosystems management, Climate architecture, Regional development

FS (ISHIKAWA)

Coastal Area Capability Enhancement in Southeast Asia

27

8

14

49

(Natural Sciences) Study of tropical forest, Coastal ecology, Population genetics, Genetics, Fisheries science, Ichthyology, Molecular biology, Marine planktology, Robotics, Environmental resource geology, Fishing method, Water analysis, Seedling production,
Marine engineering, Telemetry, Beach ecosystem, Coral reef ecology, Environmental science(Humanities and Social Sciences) Regional development, Economics, Fisheries economics, Regional economics, Resource management, Traditional technique, Area study(Multidisciplinary) Conservation ecology, Fisheries science, Cultural Anthropology, Global ﬁsheries science, Area study, Satoyama Satoumi, Software engineering, Regional development, Village development

FS (OKUDA)

The Effect of Local Governance on Incentive Programs for
Forest Ecosystem Service Conservation

8

3

0

11

(Natural Sciences) Ecology, Animal ecology(Humanities and Social Sciences) Sociology, International law, Agricultural economy

FS (SATO Tetsu)

Formation of Local Environmental Knowledge Systems for
Creation and Sustainable Governance of New Commons

6

4

8

18

(Natural Sciences) Ecology, Resource management, Statistical physics, Soil hydrology, Aquatic resource management, Satoyama management(Humanities and Social Sciences) Environmental sociology, Folklore, Rural sociology(Multidisciplinary) Regional environment study, Natural energy, African studies, Residential research, Satoumi Satoyama, Coastal environment management, Conservation of nature

The number of projects members

Project
NumberTitle of the ProjectFS
Scenario for Environment-conscious Mature Society in East
(SATO Yo-Ichiro) Asia

Natural Sciences
5

Humanities andMultidisciplinary
Social Sciences
5

4

Research Background of Project Members

Total
14

(Natural Sciences) Plant genetics, Forest hydrology, Insect ecology, Molecular ecology, Fish ecology(Humanities and Social Sciences) Sociology ethics, Medical social history, Philosophy, Modern Chinese history, Economics(Multidisciplinary) Social healthcare survey, Human ecology, Demography, Public health, Population health

FS (NAGAO)

Water-and Food-Sheds in the Noto Peninsula: New Scales ofAnalysis in Global Environmental Studies

21

2

12

35

(Natural Sciences) Nuclear and radiochemical sciences, Ecology, Public health, Microbial technology, Atmospheric science, Neuropsychiatry, Neurology and neurobiology of aging, Sedimentology, Geochemistry, Hydrology, Forest ecology, Soil science,
Organic geochemistry, Marine Environmental chemistry, Coastal oceanography, Biogeochemistry, Algal physiological ecology, Laboratory medicine(Humanities and Social Sciences) Cultural anthropology, Japanese history(Multidisciplinary) Epidemiology, Geography, Food science, Organic geochemistry, Health science, Remote sensing, Environmental protection engineering, Hydrology, Landscape architecture, Restoration ecology, Mathematical ecology,
Global environmental studies

FS(NAKATSUKA)

Historical Adaptation to Climate Change in Japan: Integrating
Palaeoclimatological Data and Archaeological Evidence

20

6

5

31

(Natural Sciences) Isotopic-geochemical study, Climatology, Wood science, Dendrochronology, Wood histology, Glaciology, Paleoclimatology, Earth system dynamics, Climate modeling, Geochronology, Geodynamics, Geochemistry, Isotope meteorology(Humanities and Social Sciences) Archaeology, Japanese modern history, Regional social history, Preserving historical materials, Japanese archaeology, Theoretical archaeology, Japanese medieval history, Prehistoric archaeology(Multidisciplinary) Paleoclimatology, Dendrochronology, Chronology, Plant ecology, Historical climatology

FS(FUKUSHIMA)

Lakes as Sources and Sinks: Social and Ecological Dynamics
Affecting Downstream/Pollution-Accumulating Lakes

16

3

3

22

(Natural Sciences) Environmental earth science, Hydrology, Drainage and rural engineering, Geochemistry, Earth recovery, Water environment science, Isotope science, Environment engineering, Remote sensing, Conservation ecology, River engineering,
Phycology, Limnology(Humanities and Social Sciences) Politics, Environmental sociology, River policy(Multidisciplinary) Water environment science, Water environment management, Area environmental science

FS (MATOH)

Designing Agriculture in the Era of Petroleum Scarcity

6

2

1

9

(Natural Sciences) Plant nutrition, Genetic ecology, Soil fertility, Breeding(Humanities and Social Sciences) Agricultural economics, Food science(Multidisciplinary) General scienceFS
The History of Human-Water Interactions in East Asian(MURAMATSU) Livelihood Complexes

5

19

0

24

(Natural Sciences) Arid land revegetation, Geography, Environmental studies, Forest hydrology, Botany(Humanities and Social Sciences) Oriental history, Environmental law and policy, Historical geography, History, Cultural anthropology

FS(YOKOYAMA)

Survivability and Autonomy in Southeast Asia: Perspectives
from Land Use Changes and Resource Chains

4

6

7

17

(Natural Sciences) Ecology, Agricultural ecology, Animal ecology, Environmental biophysics(Humanities and Social Sciences) Resource study, Social anthropology, Area study, Forestry, International relations, Area Study, Forestry(Multidisciplinary) Geography, Human ecology, Population health, Regional information, Geoinformatics, Area study

FS(WATANABE)

Environmental Change and Immunological Adaptation in the
Mekong River Region

7

0

4

11

(Natural Sciences) Microbiology and Immunology, Nutritional Immunology, Mangrove forest ecology, Coral Reef Ecology, Biodiversity, Environmental change analysis, Oceanography(Multidisciplinary) Population on health in the tropics, Human ecology, Mangrove environment, International health

526

291

207

1024

Total

As of March 31, 2012