PPT for Lesson 2 on SEAMEO School Network by Isoda, Masami. Prof/PhD, CRICED, University of Tsukuba, Japan: ©Masami Isoda

0DWKHPDWLFDO7KLQNLQJLV7HQdb RQHZRUG RU WZRZRUGV "¾*HQHUDO2EMHFWLYH¾ 3ULQFLSOHVIRU&XUULFXOXPDQG7H[WERRN:ULWHUV)UHH3URJUDPIRU6($0(26FKRRO1HWZRUNIURPWKH8QLYHUVLW\RI7VXNXED$IILOLDWH0HPEHURI6($0(27HDFKLQJ0DWKHPDWLFVWR'HYHORS0DWKHPDWLFDO7KLQNLQJDV+LJKHU2UGHU7KLQNLQJ+RZGR\RX

WHDFK":K\"/HVVRQ+RZWR,QWURGXFH1XPEHU¾6SHFLILHGLQWKH7H[WERRN¾ (PEHGGHGDVWDVNVHTXHQFHE\$XWKRUV¾ 5LYDOHGE\WHDFKHUVDQGVWXGHQWVWKURXJKXVLQJ¾3ODQHGSURFHVVE\7HDFKHU¾ 7HDFKHUVbWKLQNLQJHPEHGGHGLQWRSURFHVVE\JLYHQWDVNVDQG
VHTXHQFH¾ &RQVLGHUHGKRZLWZLOOEHSRVVLEOHWRDSSHDUIURPVWXGHQWV,VRGD0DVDPL3URI)DFXOW\RI+XPDQ6FLHQFHV'LUHFWRURI&5,&('7KH8QLYHUVLW\RI7VXNXED-DSDQ

7HUP2UGHURI1XPEHU1XPHUDO

7HUPLQRORJLHVIRU&XUULFXOXP'HVLJQHUV¾$FWXDO7KLQNLQJE\VWXGHQWVLQFODVVURRP

7HUPLQRORJLHV
XVHGE\WHDFKHUVWRGHYHORSVWXGHQWVbPDWKHPDWLFDOWKLQNLQJ

¾ 6WXGHQWVWKLQNLQJLQWKHFODVVURRPZKLFKH[SODLQHGE\WKHP¾ 7HDFKHUVREVHUYHDQGDVVHVVWKHP:LWKFROODERUDWLRQVRI

1JX\HQ&KL7KDQK7(+.LP+RQJDQG:DKLG<XQLDQWR

7HUP,GHDRIVHWZKLFKLVGHILQHGE\FRQGLWLRQVRUHOHPHQWV

¾'LVFXVVHGE\WHDFKHUVDIWHUREVHUYDWLRQRI&ODVV

5HYLWDOL]LQJ
7HDFKHU(GXFDWLRQ$GRSWLQJDVW&HQWXU\&XUULFXOXP¾0DWKHPDWLFDO7KLQNLQJDV'DWDEDVHGRQ5HVHDUFKHUV )UDPHZRUNIRU-RXUQDOVRQ6RFLDO6FLHQWLILF6WXGLHV7HDFKQXPEHUQXPHUDO GLJLW XSWR$SSUHFLDWLRQV:K\LWLVGLIILFXOWWRILQG"LVGHYHORSHGXQGHUWKHSODFHYDOXH
V\VWHPLQ,QGLDDQG&KLQD
7HUP,GHDRIWKH3HUPDQHQFHRI)RUP

5HIOHFWLRQ

6KRZQHFHVVLW\WRH[WHQGWKHNQRZQIRUPRQVHW$WR
XQNQRZQVHW%ZKLFKLQFOXGHVVHW$$FTXLVLWLRQ&XUULFXOXP6WDQGDUGV6($%(6&&5/6 E\6($0(25(&6$0 0DQJDR$KPDG,VRGD

6KRZUHDVRQDEOHQHVVRUIXQFWLRQRIH[WHQGHGIRUP

5HYLHZ+276 LV
0DWK7-DSDQHVHWH[WERRNVDGDSWHGWR,QGRQHVLD 7KDLODQG DWWKHLQWURGXFWLRQRIQXPEHUDWJUDGH

:KDWGR\RXWHDFK+RZDQG:K\"

0DNH 6HQVH 966HQVH 0DNLQJ+RZ GLIIHUHQFH":KLFK $SSURDFK GR \RX SUHIHU"'HYHORS FKLOGUHQ ZKR ZLOO FKDOOHQJH E\ DQG
IRU WKHPVHOYHV E\ XVLQJ ZKDW WKH\ OHDUQHG

D7HDFKQXPHUDOGLJLW XSWRF)RUHQDEOLQJFKLOGUHQWRWKLQNE\XVLQJOHDUQHG-S
WH[WERRNKDVWKHWDVNVHTXHQFHIRUIXWXUHOHDUQLQJ

7HUPLQRORJ\$UDELF1XPHUDO1XPEHU IRU0DJQLWXGHRUGHUDQGVRRQ

7DVN6HTXHQFH&RQVLGHU
WKH SURFHVVWRGHYHORS
0DWKHPDWLFDO7KL
ᶅ D˲E˲F*HQHUDOᶆ E˲F˲DRUᶇ F˲D˲E
6SHFLDO"ᶈ D˲F˲E
ʞ6S˲*H:KLFK RQH LV WKH WDVN IRU SUHSDUDWLRQ"

E:KLFK RQH LV WKH WDVN WR DSSO\ OHDUQHG"RU
*H˲6S'HQRPLQDWHGQXPEHU IRUTXDQWLW\7UDQVODWLRQ ˳ EHWZHHQ $ 1
DQG ' 1
&RQFUHWH2EMHFW 'HQRPLQDWHG1˳6HPLFRQFUHWH2EMHFW 0RGHO)L[HGGHQRPLQDWLRQ:KLFKQXPEHUVKDOOZHEHJLQWRWHDFK":K\":K\LQVWHDGRI":KDWLV\RXUDQVZHU"%HDXWLIXO"• :KDWLVWKHEHDXWLIXOQHVVRIWKLQJV"
3\WKDJRUHDQXVHGWRUHSUHVHQWQXPEHUV
E\ILJXUHDUUDQJHPHQWDQGH[SODLQHG
KDUPRQ\RIWKHZRUOGE\QDWXUDOQXPEHU%HFDXVHIRUFRXQWLQJ
REMHFWVFKLOGUHQKDYHWR¾ )L[WKHILUVWREMHFW¾ )L[WKHGLUHFWLRQRIFRXQWLQJ¾ )LQGWKHODVWREMHFW

˳1XPEHU+RZ GR \RX XVH WKHVH
WHUPLQRORJ\"
1Gakko Tosho has the copyright of the English Textbooks on this ppt.

PPT for Lesson 2 on SEAMEO School Network by Isoda, Masami. Prof/PhD, CRICED, University of Tsukuba, Japan: ©Masami Isoda

5HIHUHQFHV

6HW1XPEHU962UGHUHG1XPEHU

0DVDPL,VRGD5DLPXQGR 2OIRV HGLWHG  7HDFKLQJ0XOWLSOLFDWLRQZLWK/HVVRQ6WXG\-DSDQHVH
DQG ,EHUR$PHULFDQ 7KHRULHV IRU,QWHUQDWLRQDO0DWKHPDWLFV (GXFDWLRQ &KDP6ZLW]HUODQG 6SULQJHU
2SHQ$FFHVV0DVDPL,VRGD$NL0XUDWD   6WXG\ZLWK\RXUIULHQGV0DWKHPDWLFVIRU(OHPHQWDU\6FKRRO YROV 7RN\R-DSDQ*DNNR 7RVKR

0DVDPL,VRGD$NL0XUDWD$LGD<DS   6WXG\ZLWK\RXUIULHQGV0DWKHPDWLFVIRU(OHPHQWDU\6FKRRO YROV 7RN\R-DSDQ*DNNR 7RVKR
0DVDPL,VRGD'DYLG7DOO  0DWKHPDWLFVIRU-XQLRU+LJK6FKRRO YROV  7RN\R-DSDQ*DNNR
7RVKR'RPLQDGRU 'L]RQ 0DQJDR1XU -DKDQ $KPDG0DVDPL,VRGD HGLWHG  6($0(2EDVLF HGXFDWLRQVWDQGDUGV 6($%(6 &RPPRQFRUHUHJLRQDOOHDUQLQJVWDQGDUGV &&5/6 LQPDWKHPDWLFVDQG
VFLHQFH 3HQDQJ 0DOD\VLD6($0(25(&6$0 KWWSZZZUHFVDPHGXP\VXEBVHD
EHVLPDJHVGRFV6($0(2$6($1&XUULFXOXP6($%(6&&5/66WDQGDUGVSGI

0DLWUHH ,QSUDVLWKD0DVDPL,VRGD3DWV\:DQJ,YHUVRQ%DQ+DU <DS  /HVVRQ6WXG\&KDOOHQJHVLQ 0DWKHPDWLFV(GXFDWLRQ1HZ-HUVH\86$ :RUOG 6FLHQWLILF
0DVDPL,VRGD6KLJHR.DWDJLUL  0DWKHPDWLFDO7KLQNLQJ+RZWRGHYHORSLWLQWKHFODVVURRP
1HZ-HUVH\86$:RUOG6FLHQWLILF

7(+.LP+RQJ,62'$0DVDPL*$17HFN+RFN LQSULQWLQJ  0DWKHPDWLFV&KDOOHQJHVIRU&ODVVURRP
3UDFWLFHVDWWKH/RZHU3ULPDU\/HYHO 3HQDQJ0DOD\VLD6($0(25(&6$0,62'$0DVDPL7(+.LP+RQJ*$17HFN+RFN LQSULQWLQJ  0DWKHPDWLFV&KDOOHQJHVIRU&ODVVURRP
3UDFWLFHVDWWKH8SSHU3ULPDU\/HYHO3HQDQJ 0DOD\VLD6($0(25(&6$0
*$17HFN+RFN,62'$0DVDPL7(+.LP+RQJ DXJL 0DWKHPDWLFV&KDOOHQJHVIRU&ODVVURRP
3UDFWLFHVDWWKH/RZHU6HFRQGDU\/HYHO 3HQDQJ0DOD\VLD6($0(25(&6$0

5HIHUHQFHV*DNNR 7RVKR6WXG\ZLWK\RXUIULHQGV
0DWKHPDWLFV IRU(OHPHQWDU\ 6FKRRO6HULHV㻼㼞㼕㼙㼍㼞㼥㻌㻿㼏㼔㼛㼛㼘㻌㼀㼑㼤㼠㼎㼛㼛㼗㻞㻜㻜㻝㻌㻯㼡㼞㼞㼕㼏㼡㼘㼡㼙㻞㻜㻜㻡㻌㻶㼍㼜㼍㼚㼑㼟㼑㻌㻱㼐㼕㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㻌㻞㻜㻜㻡㻌㻱㼚㼓㼘㼕㼟㼔㻌㻱㼐㼕㼠㼕㼛㼚䊼㻞㻜㻝㻜㼀㼔㼍㼕㻌㻱㼐㻚

(GLWLRQ

(GLWLRQV(GLWLRQ㻶㼡㼚㼕㼛㼞㻌㻴㼕㼓㼔㻌㻿㻚㻌㼀㼑㼤㼠㼎㼛㼛㼗㻞㻜㻝㻞㻌㻯㼡㼞㼞㼕㼏㼡㼘㼡㼙㻞㻜㻝㻢㻌㻶㼍㼜㼍㼚㼑㼟㼑㻙㻱㼐㼕㼠㼕㼛㼚㻞㻜㻝㻥㻌㻱㼚㼓㼘㼕㼟㼔㻙㻱㼐㼕㼠㼕㼛㼚㻞㻜㻞㻜㻌㻵㼚㼐㼛㼚㼑㼟㼕㼍㼚㻙㻱㼐㼕㼠㼕㼛㼚㻞㻜㻞㼄㻌㼀㼔㼍㼕㻌㻱㼐㻚

(GLWLRQV

(GLWLRQV,VRGD07DOO'  -XQLRU+LJK6FKRRO0DWKHPDWLFV7H[WERRN*DNNR 7RVKR㻞㻜㻝㻞 㻹㼑㼤㼕㼏㼛㻌㻱㼐㻚㻞㻜㻝㻥 㻯㼔㼕㼘㼑 㻼㼞㼛㻚㻌㻱㼐㻚㻞㻜㻝㻝㻌㻯㼡㼞㼞㼕㼏㼡㼘㼡㼙㻞㻜㻝㻝㻌㻶㼍㼜㼍㼚㼑㼟㼑㻌㻱㼐㼕㼠㼕㼛㼚㻞㻜㻝㻝㻌㻱㼚㼓㼘㼕㼟㼔㻌㻱㼐㼕㼠㼕㼛㼚䊼㻞㻜㻝㻥 㻼㼍㼜㼡㼍㻌㻺㻚㻳㻚㻌㻱㼐㼕㼠㻚㻞㻜㻞㻜㻌㻵㼚㼐㼛㼚㼑㼟㼕㼍㼚㻌㻱㼐㼕㻚㻞㻜㻞㻜㻌㻯㼔㼕㼘㼑㻌㻱㼐㻚㻞㻜㻝㻡㻌㻶㼍㼜㼍㼚㼑㼟㼑㻙㻱㼐㼕㼠㼕㼛㼚㻞㻜㻝㻡㻌㻱㼚㼓㼘㼕㼟㼔㻙㻱㼐㼕㼠㼕㼛㼚㻞㻜㻞㻜㻌㻯㼡㼞㼞㼕㼏㼡㼘㼡㼙㻞㻜㻞㻜㻌㻶㼍㼜㼍㼚㼑㼟㼑㻌㻱㼐㼕㼠㼕㼛㼚㻞㻜㻞㻜㻌㻱㼚㼓㼘㼕㼟㼔㻌㻱㼐㼕㼠㼕㼛㼚2Gakko Tosho has the copyright of the English Textbooks on this ppt.