Insights: Clinician of the Future
attitudes toward AI

Key Findings

Contents
Introduction

3

Highlights

4

Chapter 1: The current AI landscape5

Awareness of GenAI tools

6

Perceptions of GenAI

6GenAI in clinical practice7

Chapter 2: A future lens on AI

8

Perceived impact and benefits

9Perceived drawbacks

10

Expectations

11

Chapter 3: Shaping an AI-driven future

12

Exploring clinicians’ concerns

13

Factors impacting trust in and comfort using GenAI tools

14

Actions for a GenAI-powered future

14

Key Findings - Insights: Clinician of the Future attitudes toward AI

2

Introduction“The development of AI is as fundamental as thecreation of the microprocessor, the personal computer,the Internet, and the mobile phone. It will change theway people work, learn, travel, get health care, andcommunicate with each other.”Bill Gates1

The research examines the attitudes toward artificial
intelligence (AI), including generative AI (GenAI), covering
its attractiveness, perceived impact, the benefits tothem and wider society, the degree of transparency to be
comfortable using tools that capitalize on the technology,
and the challenges they see with AI. It also looks at thecurrent usage, and what respondents think would help
them trust AI tools.

Online survey

Generative artificial intelligence (GenAI) has entered
the market at an unprecedented pace, with almost allclinicians aware of GenAI applications like ChatGPT,
following their emergence in late 2022.

Insights 2024:
Attitudes toward AI
When:
What:
Who:

What is GenAI?
GenAI, short for generative artificial
intelligence, refers to a category of artificial
intelligence systems and models that havethe ability to generate data, content, or other
outputs that are similar to those created byhumans. These AI systems are designed to
produce new and original content rather thansimply process or analyze existing data.2

As reported in Elsevier’s Clinician of the Future 2023 report,
amid challenges like staff shortages, clinicians are keen
to harness the potential of AI to ease their work burden.3
GenAI has gained attention in healthcare for its potential
to automate certain tasks, such as filling in forms orsummarizing notes, thereby increasing efficiency andsaving clinicians’ time.
Patients are open to developments too: the Capgemini
Research Institute found that 67% of consumers believed
they could benefit from GenAI used for diagnosis andmedical advice.4
The AI landscape is changing rapidly, as are theapplications and their potential to impact the work andlives of clinicians. To ensure the technology has a positive
impact on healthcare, it’s important to monitor the viewsof those who could be using it.

December 2023 to February 2024
15-minute online quantitative survey
2,999 respondents from 123 countries
Key Findings are based on
1,007 clinicians(a subset of the 2,999 in the full report).

Results: Responses weighted by region andequally by doctors and nurses.
See main report for full details.

The Clinician of the Future –powered by AI?
In this Key Findings report, we reflect upon the impact AI
will have enabling clinicians across the five future roles
identified in previous Clinician of the Future reports.
The Future Clinician as a Partner for Health will work
collaboratively with patients, who are informed,
empowered members of their own care team.
The Future “Total Health” Clinician will help people stayhealthy rather than waiting until they become ill, by
focusing on preventive healthcare.
The Future Tech-Savvy Clinician will improve patient
outcomes by using data and the latest digital healthtechnologies, which are constantly evolving.

In the research Insights 2024: Attitudes toward AI, weaimed to do this by surveying nearly 3,000 people working
in research (including leaders and corporate researchers)
and in health (clinicians) from around the world.

The Future Balanced Clinician will have a better work–lifebalance if staff shortages are addressed, helping avoid theburnout prevalent today.

The results are detailed in the full report this Key Findings
report focuses solely on the views of respondents working
in health (clinicians).

The Future Accessible Clinician is aware of healthinequities and works in a system that makes care moreavailable to diverse populations.

Key Findings - Insights: Clinician of the Future attitudes toward AI

3

Highlights
Awareness of certain AI tools is high, and clinicians havestarted using them, with expectations that usage willgrow. Institutions have not yet clearly conveyed their
AI usage restrictions, or their preparations for increased
use of AI. Overall, doctors are more likely than nurses tohave heard of and used AI for work.

Clinicians have concerns about AI and are cautious,
particularly when it comes to its potential impact onpatient outcomes.

83%
Of clinicians have at least some concerns about the
ethical implications of AI usage in their area of work95%
Of clinicians have heard of AI (including GenAI)

Clinicians believe AI has the potential to...

( Subsequent statistics exclude the 5% not familiar with AI)

93%

84%

Be used for misinformation

Have heard of ChatGPT, and 19% have used
ChatGPT for work

82%
Make over reliant on AI to make clinical decisions

50%

81%

Have experimented with AI. 8% are very familiar
with it and have used it a lot

26%
Have used AI for a specific work-related purpose

47%

Erode critical human thinking
Specific actions can help increase trust, and by taking andcommunicating them, providers of AI tools can increaseusers’ comfort.

Of clinicians who have yet to use AI tools
say it’s because of lack of time66%
Of clinicians who haven’t used AI yet expect to use AI
within two to five years

Clinicians see great potential in AI to improve their work:
they see potential benefits across multiple areas. They
think it will help.

59%
Say training the model to be factually accurate,
moral, and not harmful would strongly increase
their trust in that tool96%
Accelerate knowledge discovery

37%

92%

Rank privacy being respected on user inputs in their
top three factors that would increase their comfort
using an AI tool.

Provide cost savings
to institutions and businesses

88%
Increase work quality

85%
Free up time for higher value work

84%

Future use of trusted AI tools amongst those who believe
AI can benefit clinical practice: likelihood of using a
reliable and secure AI assistant to…

Increase collaboration
Clinicians think AI will also...

71%
Have a transformative or significant impact
on their area of work

Key Findings - Insights: Clinician of the Future attitudes toward AI

Assess symptoms and identify
possibility of a disease/condition(e.g. provides confidence levels
for diagnosis and recommends
any confirmatory tests)– 94% of clinicians

4Chapter 1:

The current GenAI landscape

Explore clinicians’ awareness,
perceptions and usage of AI(including GenAI).
➤

95% of clinicians have heard of AI (including GenAI)– subsequent statistics exclude the 5% not familiar
with AI➤

50% have used AI (including GenAI); 26% have used
it for work purposes➤

8% are very familiar with AI (including GenAI), andhave used it a lot➤

ChatGPT is by far the most well-known AI
product (84%)➤

47% of those who have not used AI cite a lack of timeas the reason➤

45% of those who have ethical concerns about AI
cite as a top disadvantage that it is unable to replace
human creativity, judgement and/or empathy

Clinicians face many challenges, including a lack of work–
life balance due to staff shortages. AI has the potential to
improve their work and lives. Most clinicians have heardof AI and specific GenAI tools, though only half have used
the technology. Doctors are more familiar with and more
likely to have used AI tools than are nurses. Sentiment ismore positive than negative, and clinicians’ main concerns
are around the human aspects of AI usage.

Key Findings - Insights: Clinician of the Future attitudes toward AI

5

Awareness of GenAI tools

Perceptions of GenAI

While GenAI tools like ChatGPT gain prominence following
unprecedented popularity at launch, awareness continues
to grow across all sectors, including healthcare. Almost all(95%) clinicians have heard of AI, with awareness higher
among doctors (97%) than nurses (94%). However, only
8% of clinicians have used AI a lot.

Overall, clinicians have a mixed view of AI, with half(50%) of respondents able to see both the potential andthe drawbacks to the technology. Doctors (39%) aresignificantly more likely to be positive about AI than are
nurses (25%), considering it a welcome advancement.
Nurses (22%) are more likely than doctors (11%) to reportbeing unsure and needing to see how this develops before
making a judgment. Educating healthcare professionals
on how to use AI safely in a clinical setting could ease
these concerns.

ChatGPT is by far the most well-known AI product, with
84% of clinicians globally being familiar with it. Doctors
are significantly more familiar with ChatGPT than nurses
are, at 90% and 77% familiarity respectively.
The next most familiar GenAI tool is Bard (38% overall),followed by Bing Chat (33%), MS Copilot (19%) and Gemini(17%). For these tools, doctors are more familiar with themthan nurses are.

This pattern is reflected in clinicians’ views on thepotential impact of AI on their work. While doctors andnurses agree that the impact of AI will be transformative
or significant, doctors are more likely to say so than are
nurses, at 75% and 67% respectively.

Overall feelings toward AI (including GenAI)% Clinicians(n=1,007)
Positive – it’s a welcome advancement32

Mixed – I can see both potential and drawbacks

Significantly higher or lower than total% Nurses(n=289)39

50

Unsure – I need to see how this develops
Negative – I see mostly drawbacks% Doctors(n=718)

25

NU

51

49

17

22

11

1

1

DR

1

Significantly higher than Role (indicated by first two letters e.g. NU = Nurses)
DR = Doctors

NU = Nurses

Fig 1. Question: What are your overall feelings about the impact of AI on your area of work?

Key Findings - Insights: Clinician of the Future attitudes toward AI

6

GenAI in clinical practiceOf those familiar with AI, half (50%) of clinicians haveused AI – 26% for a specific work-related purpose and
24% for a non-work purpose. About one in five (19%)
clinicians have used ChatGPT for work.

The Future Tech-Savvy Clinician is getting
familiar with AI and GenAI tools, preparing
to use them to improve patient outcomes.
However, 23% consider the lack of relevant
expertise within their organization asa top-three disadvantage of AI, suggestinga need for training.
Usage differs between doctors and nurses. While AI usage
for work is more likely among doctors (30%) than nurses(21%), usage for a non-work purpose is more likely amongnurses (28%) than doctors (20%).
Time may play a role here: when asked why they have
not yet used AI tools, almost half (47%) of clinicians say
because of a lack of time. This is in line with findings
from previous Clinician of the Future reports: in 2023,
for example, clinicians worked on average 49 hours
per week.5 This leads to a vicious cycle – AI could help
clinicians save time, but they don’t have time to use
it. Institutions can play a role in breaking this cycle tomaximize the positive impact of the technology.

Other reasons given for not having used GenAI tools
include lack of a subscription/login to such tools (28%),
not having the right tools to meet their needs (23%), notknowing about such tools (19%) and having concerns
about them (19%).

Usage of AI and context for usage% Clinicians(n=1,007)Yes – for a specific work-related purpose

26

Yes – but just to test it or fora non-work purpose

24

No% Doctors(n=718)30

Significantly higher or lower than total

21

NU

28

20
49

Don’t know/not sure

% Nurses(n=289)

1

49

48
1

DR

1

Significantly higher than Role (indicated by first two letters e.g. NU = Nurses)
DR = Doctors

NU = Nurses

Fig 2. Question: Have you used an AI (including generative AI) product or an AI feature on a product you use regularly?

Key Findings - Insights: Clinician of the Future attitudes toward AI

7

Chapter 2:

A future lens on AI

Discover clinicians’ expectations,
including the potential benefits anddrawbacks of the technology.
➤

96% of clinicians think AI will help accelerateknowledge discovery➤

92% think that AI will help provide cost savings
to institutions and businesses➤

88% believe that AI will have an impact
on increasing work quality➤

85% believe it will help free up time for higher
value work➤

84% believe it will increase collaboration➤

66% of those not using AI expect to use AI
in the next two to five years➤

86% expect generative AI to always be pairedwith human expertise➤

71% believe AI (including GenAI) will havea transformative or significant impact on theirarea of work

Most clinicians who are not yet using AI tools expect todo so in the near future, and they recognize the potential
positive impacts and drawbacks of the technology.
However, the clinician–patient relationship is crucial,and clinicians consider the human element – in terms ofoversight, privacy and empathy – to be critical.

Key Findings - Insights: Clinician of the Future attitudes toward AI

8

Perceived impact and benefits“AI can empower a trained physician to consider wider
differential diagnosis and management plan”.

The Future Clinician as a Partner for Healthwill use AI in their collaborative work withpatients – 84% believe AI will increase
collaboration. Their empowered patients will
also be impacted by AI, and AI providers can
support them by overcoming hallucinationand preventing misinformation.

Doctor, UK, Clinician of the Future 20236

Many factors affect sentiment around AI, including
awareness and knowledge of the technology, experience
using the tools and views around their potential impact,
both positive and negative. In the current study, almost
all (96%) clinicians think AI will accelerate knowledge
discovery at least to some extent in the next two to
five years.
Making time: 94% of clinicians say AI could increase
their work efficiency, while 85% believe it could free up
their time for higher value work. With 92% believing AI
could provide cost savings to institutions and businesses,
this could also indirectly impact their time, as it may
contribute to solving ongoing staffing issues.

Clinical work: 95% of clinicians see benefit in leveraging
GenAI for clinical activities such as diagnoses and patientsummaries. This is in line with the views clinicians sharedin 2023, when 48% said they find it desirable to use
generative AI to help them make clinical decisions.7
In the current study, 84% of clinicians think AI will help
increase collaboration.

Positive impact of AI in various areas over the next two to five years% Not at all% At least to
some extent% Clinicians(n=976)% Doctors(n=699)% Nurses(n=277)

Rapidly increase the volume of scholarly
and medical research

4

96

4

96

3

97

Accelerate knowledge discovery

4

96

5

95

3

97

Change the way students are taught and study
in universities and medical schools

4

96

4

96

5

95

Increase your work efficiency

6

94

6

94

6

94

Provide cost savings to institutions
and businesses

8

92

8

92

8

92

Increase your work quality

12

88

8

92

15

85

Increase your work consistency

14

86

12

88

16

84

Free your time for higher value work

15

85

14

86

16

84

Increase collaboration

16

84

15

85

16

84

Significantly higher or lower than total

NU

Significantly higher than Role (indicated by first two letters e.g. NU = Nurses)
DR = Doctors

NU = Nurses

Fig 3. Question: Thinking about the impact AI will have on society and your work, to what extent do you think over the next 2 to 5 years it will…?
A great extent, some extent, not at all.

Key Findings - Insights: Clinician of the Future attitudes toward AI

9Education: almost all (96%) of clinician respondents
expect GenAI to change the way students are taught
to some extent. Nearly all (97%) of clinicians see atleast some benefit in GenAI for teaching and lecturing
activities. This is in line with findings from Clinician of the
Future 2023, in which 51% of clinicians considered the useof AI desirable for training medical students and 50% fortraining nurses.8 Students reported similar sentiments,
with 43% of respondents in the Clinician of the Future
Education Edition saying their instructors welcome GenAI.9

The Future Balanced Clinician could benefit
directly and indirectly from AI, freeing up
their time and potentially addressing staff
shortages, thereby helping avoid the burnout
prevalent today. However, this benefit iscurrently out of reach for many, who lack time
to explore AI tools.

Perceived drawbacks
While generally optimistic about the potential of AI,
clinicians are also aware of the limitations of thetechnology and the need to implement AI in a carefully
managed way to minimize any negative effects.
Most clinicians (88%) have at least some concerns
about AI. Those with concerns were asked to identify
the top 3 disadvantages from a list of 14 possible
drawbacks. Whilst percentages for an item tend not
to be high as selection is distributed, it allows for
identification of the most notable drawbacks.
Protecting the clinician–patient relationship: clinicians see
the inability of AI to replace human creativity, judgement
and/or empathy as the main disadvantage, with 45% of
respondents ranking this as a top-three disadvantage ofthe technology. Also in the top-three for some clinicians
are the risk of AI homogenizing culture via its use of
global models (18%), the potential for outputs to bediscriminatory or biased (23%) and discrimination against
non-native English speakers (7%).

The Future Accessible Clinician is aware ofhealth inequities and keen to ensure the
AI tools they use do not exacerbate thesituation – for 23% of clinicians, a top-three
disadvantage is the potential for AI outputs tobe discriminatory or biased.
Regulation: Two-fifths (41%) of respondents cite the lackof regulation and governance as a top-three disadvantage
of AI. Also ranked highly are the lack of accountability
over the use of generative AI outputs (29%) and the lack ofpermission to use data or information AI tools are trainedon (15%).
Accuracy: For 17% of clinicians, being too dependent
on outdated data and/or information is a top-three
disadvantage of GenAI. Similarly, 11% of cliniciansconsider hallucinations (i.e. when AI generates incorrect
and/or nonsensical outputs) to be a major disadvantage.

Key Findings - Insights: Clinician of the Future attitudes toward AI

10

Expectations
The Future “Total Health” Clinician will
use AI as a tool to support their humancentered preventive healthcare work, helping
people stay healthy rather than waiting until
they become ill.

“Clinical information is only one element of theclinical decision-making process, from assessment
to diagnosis and treatment. Heuristic knowledge
drives decision making, and this can be supported
by artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning
prediction models.”Clinician of the Future Report 202210

In the 2022 Clinician of the Future Report, over half(56%) expected to be making most of their decisions
using clinical decision support tools that use AI
in 10 years’ time.11

Institutions are also expecting the use of GenAI to
increase – and a number are preparing for it. Actions
institutions are taking are varied, the more common
actions include building a plan or protocol to evaluate
the purchase of tools that include AI (reported by 18%
of clinicians), providing ethics courses (13%) and planningto acquire tools that include AI (12%).

Echoing those findings, 66% of clinician respondents
who have yet to use GenAI tools expect to do so in the next
two to five years. They have some expectations of AI tools
now. The top expectation overall is that generative AI
will always be paired with human expertise, with 86%
of clinicians agreeing with this.

However, it is worth nothing that almost half (44%)
of clinicians are unaware of their institutions’ plans.
In addition to the time pressure likely contributing
to this, it may indicate a lack of transparency on thepart of institutions. As the awareness and usage of AI
continues to grow, it will be important for institutions
to communicate their policies and plans clearly.

“AI tools can help provide information and effective
management and nursing work, but it cannot replace
practical experience, interaction and communication
with patients.”
Nurse, China. Clinician of the Future 2022 Report7

Expectations of AI% Disagree% Clinicians(n=963)% Agree

Generative AI to always be paired with human expertise% Nurses(n=272)% Doctors(n=691)

6

86

6

86

6

85

To be informed whether the tools I use depend on generative AI

6

81

6

84 NU

6

78

To be informed if the peer-review recommendations I receive about mymanuscript utilized generative AI, even if alongside human oversight

8

80

7

81

7

77

6

78

8

76

To be given a choice to turn off generative AI in the tools that I use

8

74

8

78

8

70

Generative AI dependent tools’ results be based on high quality
trusted sources only

6

73

6

76

6

71

Most authors who use generative AI to create the content of a manuscript
will not declare that they have

14

71

13

73

(i.e. qualified people validate outputs)

Generative AI will work well with non-text modalities(i.e. chemical or biological compounds, chemical reactions, graphs, plans)

Significantly higher or lower than total

NU

Significantly higher than Role (indicated by first two letters e.g. NU = Nurses)
DR = Doctors

NU = Nurses

Fig 4. Question: Thinking about the use of generative AI in your area of work, how much do you agree or disagree with the following either presently
or in the near future? By near future, we mean in the next two to five years.

Key Findings - Insights: Clinician of the Future attitudes toward AI

11

Chapter 3:

Shaping an AI-driven future➤

93% believe AI could be used for misinformation➤

85% are concerned AI will potentially cause criticalerrors or mishaps➤

82% of doctors believe physicians could to someextent become over-reliant on AI to make decisions➤

81% think it may to some extent erode humancritical thinking➤

59% say training the model to be factually accurate,
moral, and not harmful would strongly increase theirtrust in that tool➤

Privacy being respected on the user side is ranked
highest by clinicians for increasing their comfort
in using an AI tool

Understanding not only their concerns, but the factorsthat build clinicians’ trust in AI tools and their comfort
using them can help technology developers create better
tools and institutions maximize their benefit. Clinicians’
current concerns, as noted in the previous chapter,largely revolve around security, privacy and accuracy, alldirected toward protecting patient outcomes. Examining
the extent of future challenges enables us to gauge thebroader implications of the technology and helps guard
against some of these concerns. Clinicians perceive AI
as a supporting technology and are looking for good
governance and accountability through human oversight.

Key Findings - Insights: Clinician of the Future attitudes toward AI

12

Exploring clinicians’ concerns“These tools are not yet based on scientific evidence,
do not provide references, and are not yet reliable.”
Survey respondent, doctor, Brazil

In Clinician of the Future 2023, a sizable minority, 28%
of clinicians, said they find it undesirable for AI to be usedin clinical decision-making tools in the future.12 The resultsof the current survey reveal some of the main concerns
clinicians have when it comes to using AI in their work.
Understanding these concerns is an important step indeveloping tools with minimized risks.
Some of the biggest concerns are around misinformationand errors. Overall, 93% of clinicians believe to someextent that AI will be used for misinformation overthe next two to five years. This is most likely to put
pressure on the Future Clinician as a Partner for Health,as patients could be misled by information they access.
Most clinicians (85%) are also worried about criticalerrors or mishaps (accidents) occurring.
Some concerns relate to the potential impact on patients,
including by changing the way clinicians think and act. For
example, over four in five (81%) clinicians think GenAI has
the potential to erode human critical thinking skills. This isa particular issue in the context of education, especially as
most clinicians (96%) believe that AI will have an impact
on the way future doctors and nurses are educated.

A similar proportion (82%) of doctors think use of
GenAI will mean physicians become over reliant on thetechnology to make clinical decisions. This concern was
echoed in the Clinician of the Future Education Edition,in which more than half (56%) of students feared thenegative effects AI can have on the medical community.9

Negative impact of AI in various areas over the next two to five years% Not at all% Clinicians(n=948)% At least to some extent

Be used for misinformation
Cause critical errors or mishaps(e.g. accidents)

Mean physicians become over reliant on AI to make clinical decisions(Only asked to doctors)

Erode human critical thinking skills
Cause disruption to society(e.g. unemployment for large numbers of people)

Significantly higher or lower than total% Nurses(n=274)% Doctors(n=674)

7

93

6

94

8

92

15

85

14

86

15

85

18

82

18

82

19

81

17

83

21

79

21

79

16

84 NU

27

73

Significantly higher than Role (indicated by first two letters e.g. NU = Nurses)
DR = Doctors

NU = Nurses

Fig 5. Question: Thinking about the impact AI will have on society and your work, to what extent do you think over the next 2 to 5 years it will…?
Great extent, some extent, not at all.

Key Findings - Insights: Clinician of the Future attitudes toward AI

13

Factors impacting trust in andcomfort using GenAI tools
With clinicians’ concerns in mind, knowing the factorsthat impact their trust in and comfort using AI tools
can further help develop the technology. More thanhalf (59%) of clinicians say training the model to be
factually accurate, moral, and not harmful, anda similar proportion (58%) say only using high-quality
peer-reviewed content to train the model would
strongly increase their trust in that tool.
Some of the other factors respondents say would strongly
increase their trust in GenAI tools relate to transparency
and reliability. For example, AI tools citing references bydefault (57%), keeping the information input confidential(55%), abidance by any laws governing development andimplementation (54%) and training the model for highcoherency outputs (53%)..
We asked respondents to rank the top-three factors thatwould increase their comfort in using the tool.
People first: 37% rank privacy being respected on user
inputs in their top three, and 29% that privacy is respectedon outputs generated by the model. For 34% of clinicians,
consideration of the real-world impact on people, such aslayoffs, is a top-three factor, and 27% rank actions having
been taken to prevent unfair bias.

Actions for a GenAI-powered future
Based on the survey findings and secondary research, we
recommend these actions for technology developers andhealthcare institutions.
GenAI technology providers can:➤Enhance accuracy and reliability➤

Increase transparency➤

Strengthen safety and security➤

Ensure the models are inclusive and incorporate
diversity

Institutions employing clinicians can:➤Establish policies and plans and communicate
them clearly➤

Build governance and expertise➤

Provide training and capacity➤

Ensure access➤

Use only trusted AI tools

Providing tools for specific use cases. A possible future
use of trusted AI tools for those who believe AI would
bring benefit to clinical practice.

Governance and accountability: 37% consider
accountability through human oversight as a top-three
comfort factor, while 35% rank robust governanceon data and information used to train the model.

94%
Assess symptoms and identify possibility of a disease/condition (e.g. provides confidence levels for diagnosis
and recommends any confirmatory tests 94% likely to use.

Key Findings - Insights: Clinician of the Future attitudes toward AI

14

References
1.

Bill Gates. The Age of AI has begun. Gates Notes. 21 March 2023.
https://www.gatesnotes.com/The-Age-of-AI-Has-Begun

2. OpenAI. ChatGPT. April 2024.
https://chat.openai.com/chat3.

Elsevier. Clinician of the Future 2023. Page 20.
https://www.elsevier.com/connect/clinician-of-the-future

4. Capgemini Research Institute. Why Consumers Love Generative AI. 7 June 2023.
https://prod.ucwe.capgemini.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/GENERATIVE-AI_Final_WEB_060723.pdf
5.

Elsevier. Clinician of the Future 2023. Page 12.
https://www.elsevier.com/connect/clinician-of-the-future

6. Elsevier. Clinician of the Future 2023. Page 25.
https://www.elsevier.com/connect/clinician-of-the-future
7.

Elsevier. Clinician of the Future 2023. Page 22.
https://www.elsevier.com/connect/clinician-of-the-future

8. Elsevier. Clinician of the Future 2023. Page 18.
https://www.elsevier.com/connect/clinician-of-the-future
9. Elsevier. Clinician of the Future 2023 Education Edition. Page 23.
https://www.elsevier.com/promotions/clinician-of-the-future-education-edition
10. Elsevier. Clinician of the Future Report 2022. Page 62.
https://www.elsevier.com/connect/clinician-of-the-future
11. Elsevier. Clinician of the Future Report 2022. Page 52.
https://www.elsevier.com/connect/clinician-of-the-future
12. Elsevier. Clinician of the Future 2023. Page 17.
https://www.elsevier.com/connect/clinician-of-the-future

Key Findings - Insights: Clinician of the Future attitudes toward AI

15

NotesFor a detailed methodology, including sample bases by region/country,
see the appendices of the main report.

https://tinyurl.com/attitudes-ai
Follow Elsevier Connect on
X (formerly Twitter), Facebook and LinkedIn

Report Authors
Adrian Mulligan (a.mulligan@elsevier.com)
María Aguilar Calero
Nicola Mansell
Lucy Goodchild (lead author)
TellLucy.com

Key Findings - Insights:
Clinician of the Future attitudes toward AI
Elsevier July 2024