Operational amplifiers(op amps)
quick reference guideOperational amplifiers, or op amps,
are used for their ability to amplify, filter,and perform mathematical operations
on analog signals. They are high-gain,
differential amplifiers with a range ofapplications in both analog and digital
circuits. Op amps are used to interface
analog signals with digital devices,such as microcontrollers and analogto-digital converters, and for complex
signal processing tasks such asfiltering, waveform shaping, and signal
conditioning.

HOW TO CHOOSE THE RIGHT OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIER?
Op amps provide effective solutions for any market including industrial, automotive, and consumer.
Discover the key features for each of the following types of op amps.
Low power

High voltage

High speed

Power operational amplifiers

Low-input bias current

Low offset voltage

Rail-to-rail input and output

Standard

TYPICAL OP AMP APPLICATIONS AND KEY PARAMETERS
Operational amplifiers are used in several applications, each with specific requirements forperformance.
These applications can be broadly categorized into the following groups.
Amplification of low-voltage signals
When amplifying low-voltage signals, high-precision op amps are necessary to ensure accurate measurements. Differential
amplifiers and instrumentation amplifiers are commonly used in these circuits. For current sensing applications, low- or highrail features, and an appropriate bandwidth with a slew-rate to track PWM may be required. Wheatstone bridge circuits, suchas those used with strain gauges, RTD sensors, or resistive sensors, typically require low-noise devices.

Small current amplification
Sensors that provide a small current require op amps with low-input bias current, such as transimpedance amplifiers. In theseapplications, the input offset voltage is typically not critical. A common example of this type of application is a photodiodecurrent sensing circuit used in communication equipment, light curtains, smoke detectors, electrochemical gas sensors,and optical heart rate monitors. Since these devices are often powered by batteries, power consumption is an importantconsideration. Additionally, the device may need to be fast and require a high slew rate to ensure accurate measurements.

ADC buffering
Interfacing an analog signal with an ADC can be challenging because the ADC requires a high current within a short time tocharge input capacitors. To address this, an additional capacitor is often used at the op amp output. However, this can cause
stability issues and may require the use of compensation techniques. It is important to ensure that errors caused by the op
amp are less than one LSB of the ADC to ensure accurate measurements.
In addition to its use in interfacing with ADCs, an op amp can also be used as a basic anti-aliasing filter. This is because op
amps can provide high-gain and low-pass filtering, which can help to remove high-frequency noise and prevent aliasing in theADC.

Other signal conditioning
More complex signal conditioning circuits have different requirements and designers should consider the above-mentioned
parameters and how they affect functionality and performance.

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OP AMP LONGEVITY COMMITMENT
Most of ST’s newly developed high-performance op amps come with our 10-year
longevity commitment. The list gets longer every year.

OP AMP SAMPLE KITThe KIT24OPAMP sample kit includes a variety of high-performance op amps,comparators, and current sense amplifiers. It is a very useful tool for customers whowant to test and compare different amplifier options.

SIMULATION TOOL
• Use eDesignSuite to start your analog circuit design and simulate your project.
• Get a quick preview with fully annotated schematic and BOM.
• Export to eDSim for fast and accurate electrical simulations and reliable designvalidation.

ST OP AMP MOBILE APP

TRAINING KIT• Download the ST op amp mobile app for free.
• Choose your amplifier.
• Sort, compare, and filter available options.

• Use our training kit,
the STEVAL-CCA058V1.
The kit includes a configurable board
and 12 op amp adapter boards forhands-on learning.

www.st.com/opamps-app

ST’S OP AMP PART NUMBERING SCHEME

TSV

7

Series root name
TSVTSU
TSZ
TSX
TSBLM

High performance 5 V
Nano power 5 V
Zero-drift 5 V
High performance 16 V
High performance 36 V
Standard amplifiers

72

ICC and speed
Higher value means higher
power consumption andfaster

Compensation

Series root numberNone

156799

Family specificHigh merit factor
Micro power
High precisionHigh speed2AnyStandard device(unity gain stable)
Higher GBW(stable for gain >5)Specific to family

AI

YPrecision

GradeNoneA

NoneYStandard device
Enhanced Vio

Temperature range

124I

With shutdown
0Single3Dual5QuadH
H1

Industrial temperature
range -40 to 125ºC
High temperature
range -40 to 150ºC
Very high temperature
range -40 to 175ºC

T
Tape and reelStandard qualification
Automotive grade

op amps in package
SingleDual
QuadSPackage
CDL
PQ
S

SC70SOSOT23
TSSOP
DFN/QFN
MiniSO

ST’S OP AMP PRODUCTS
BW52 MHzTSB95250 MHz

TSV791/792/794

30 MHz

TSV781/782>

TSB7191/7192

22 MHz
TSV7721/7722/7723
20 MHz

TSV771/772/774>

16 MHz

TSX9291/9292

10 MHz

TSX920/921/922/923>

TSX7191/7192

9 MHz
8 MHz

TSV911/912/914

6 MHz

TSB711/712
TSB511/512/514

3.1 MHzTSB582Z

TSZ181/182

3 MHz

Z

TSB182

2.7 MHz

TSX711/712

2.5 MHzTSB571/572

2.4 MHz>TSV6390/6391/6392/6393/6394/6395

1.7 MHz
1.6 MHz

TSB621/622/624

Z

TSZ151
TSV521/522/524

1.1 MHz

TSX561/562/564

900 kHz

TSV731/732/734

880 kHzTSV630/631/632/633/634/635

560 kHz

TSB611/612

450 kHzTSV6191/6192

400 kHzTSZ121/122/124>
Z
TSX631/632/634

200 kHz150 kHz

TSV711/712/714

120 kHzTSV611/612

11 kHz

TSU111/112/114

8 kHz

Z

TSU101/102/104
1.5 V 1.8 V 2 V 2.5 V 2.7 V 3 V 3.3 V

Legend:High precision

Z Zero-drift

4V

5V

5.5 V

General purpose> Uncompensated

6V

10 V 12 V

16 V

Low power
High temperature

30 V

36 V

Automotive

Vcc

GLOSSARY
Supply voltage (VCC) – Voltage difference between the two power pins where the op amp works correctly. In ST’s portfolio,5 V, 16 V, and 36 V products are available.

Quiescent current / supply current (ICC) – Supply current needed for each operational amplifier to operate correctly.
Input offset voltage (VIO) – Differential input voltage of the + and - pins to get the output at the mid-range of the supply
voltage. It originates from the matching of internal transistors.
Input bias current (IIB) – Current flowing through the inputs of an op amp. Due to op amp biasing requirements andnormal operation leakage, a very small amount of current (pA or nA range, depending on the technology) flows through the op
amp’s inputs. This can cause issues when large value resistors or sources with higher output impedances are connected to theop amp inputs, resulting in significant voltage drops and errors.
Gain bandwidth product (GBP or GBW) – It is the product of an op amp’s gain and bandwidth. It is typically measured

at 20 dB gain and is defined for small signals.

Slew rate (SR) – How fast an op amp can change the voltage on its output. If the signal being amplified is too fast, the op
amp’s output rate of change is limited by the slew rate value, which can cause distortion.

Rail-to-rail input – The op amp with a high-rail input can deal with input signals up to Vcc+ while a low-rail input can deal
with signals down to Vcc-. Rail-to-rail input op amps can handle input signals from Vcc- to Vcc+.

Rail-to-rail output – Capability of an op amp to drive its output very close to the power supply rails.
Noise level – Op amps generate random voltages at the output even when there is no signal applied on its input. This noise
is caused by thermal noise (white noise) or 1/f noise, also known as flicker noise. In applications with high gain or bandwidth,
the noise level may become considerable and affect the performance of the circuit.
Capacitive load – Can cause an op amp to become an oscillator. When the output resistance of op amp is connected toa capacitive load, it results in an additional pole in the circuit transfer function. From the Bode plot, it is clearly visible underwhich operating conditions the circuit can become unstable.
Zero-drift – Chopper op amps designed to “self-correct” their VIO errors over temperature and over the time. Thanks to theirdesign, zero-drift op amps have their VIO in the range of microvolts and similar “nanovolt” per Celsius degree drift.

These op amps have virtually no 1/f noise and their “aging” over the time is negligible.

Shutdown – Op amp operation switch-off. Usually used to reduce the circuit standby current when either an application
does not run or amplification is not needed. Usually controlled by a dedicated op amp pin.
EMI hardening – An op amp’s input pins are very sensitive and might act as a gate for electromagnetic interference in yourdesign. Some op amps embed EMI filters to attenuate high-frequency signals for 60 dB or more.
Strain gauge – A sensor used to measure an object’s deformation.
RTD sensor – Resistance temperature detectors. Many RTD sensors are constructed from a fine metal wire which iswrapped around a ceramic or glass core.
Thermocouple – Every transition between different kinds of metals causes a tiny thermoelectrical voltage. This effect isused in some temperature sensors.

For more information, visit us on www.st.com/opamps

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