Modulation Systems – MPM Showcase

Conoptics Ti: Sapphire Intensity Control for Multi-Photon Microscopy (MPM)

CONOPTICS’ a pioneer in the manufacturing of optics and laser accessories hasdeveloped a solution for Multi-Photon Microscopy (MPM).
Multiphoton fluorescence microscopy is a powerful research tool that combines theadvanced optical techniques of laser scanning microscopy with long wavelength
multiphoton fluorescence excitation to capture high-resolution, three-dimensional
images of specimens tagged with highly specific fluorophores.
Conoptics’ Model 350-80LA with BK (resonance-dampened) Option is a KD*P Series
Electro-Optic modulator. When configured with our Model 302RM amplifier offers theability to control laser intensity as well as high-speed shuttering. In addition, thissolution can control beam attenuation and fly-back blanking with minimal dispersion
and full modulation over the lasers bandwidth. The system operates center in/out withno spatial dispersion and rise/fall times of 1 micro-second.

ConOptics, Inc. 19 Eagle Road, Danbury, CT 06810 Phone 800-748-3349 Fax 203-790-6145

Modulator Key Features:Aperture
Dimensions

3.5mm50mm Diameter x 135mm

Transmission>90%Standard Wavelength Ranges

700 – to – 1100nm

Piezo Resonances

Minimal with clamped version (BK option)

Driver Compatibility

Full modulation with M302 Power Amplifier up to1064nm

Amplifier Key Features:
CabinetTest Feature

Input Impedance
DC BiasVoltage Range

Linearity
Bandwidth
Max. Output Drive Level
Amplifier Input Signal
Input Signal Format
Input Power (AC)Dimensions
Cooling
Operating Environment

WeightDriver and power supply in single cabinet
Built-in test feature allows testing for max
transmission of Pockel Cell without adjusting biasvoltage
Choice of amplifier input impedance by rear panel
switch (50ohm/1K ohm)
Improved DC biasing of Pockel Cell provides greater
linearity at higher bias voltages+/- 450VDC controlled by ten-turn front panel pot.
Digital meter monitors differential bias applied toE.O. Modulator
10bits referenced to full scale (.1%)
DC to >200Khz with 90pf load and 3M (RG-62)
cables
750VP-P into 90pf load
2VP-P max into 50/1K ohms delivers 750VP-P out
Options include Unipolar positive, negative orbipolar
60W typical. Input power is both load (modulator)and frequency dependent.
19” Rack Mountable, 5.25”H(133mm) (3U) x 14”D(356mm)
Forced air
Designed for laboratory use (indoor only)
Temperature range +5deg C to +50deg C ambient
Humidity 20%-80% RH up to 32deg CAltitude <3000M
20lbs (9.07kg)

ConOptics, Inc. 19 Eagle Road, Danbury, CT 06810 Phone 800-748-3349 Fax 203-790-6145

Output Response

The image below provide detected response at 514nm, 3ms pulse width, 250Hz rate

Dedication to the advancement of MPMConoptics is dedicated to the advancement of laser technology. The link below provides
additional information on our collaboration with Cornell on MPM.
http://www.drbio.cornell.edu/Infrastructure/Apparatus_WWW/Conoptics.html
For additional information on our MPM solution or any of our product line pleasecontact sales@conoptics.com.

䊐䉤䊃䊁䉪䊆䉦ᩣᑼળ␠䇾㪊㪊㪍㪄㪇㪇㪈㪎㩷㩷ၯ₹⋵䈘䈇䈢䉁Ꮢධ඙ධᶆ๺㩷㪈㪄㪉㪄㪈㪎䇭㪫㪜㪣㪑㪇㪋㪏㪄㪏㪎㪈㪄㪇㪇㪍㪎㩷㩷㪝㪘㪯㪑㪇㪋㪏㪄㪏㪎㪈㪄㪇㪇㪍㪏㩷 㩷㩷㩷㪼㪄㫄㪸㫀㫃㩷㪑㩷㫍㫆㪺㪗㫇㪿㫆㫋㫆㫋㪼㪺㪿㫅㫀㪺㪸㪅㪺㫆㪅㫁㫇㩷㩷㩷㩷㪿㫋㫋㫇㼟㩷㪑㩷㪆㪆㫎㫎㫎㪅㫇㪿㫆㫋㫆㫋㪼㪺㪿㫅㫀㪺㪸㪅㪺㫆㪅㫁㫇Electro-Optic Components and Systems

Choose from our line of modulators and driver electronics

Conoptics manufactures an extensive line of low voltage electro-optic light modulators, driverelectronics and associated components to satisfy your diverse requirements. Your application
will dictate which version of modulator and driver electronics you need and what auxiliarycomponents you should use. The technical tables listed here provide detailed information toassist in your decision making process.

Modulation Systems Configuration Options

Conoptics manufactures a line of laser accessories for laser modulation, driver electronics, beam
deflectors, noise reduction and optical isolators. All electro-optic modulators listed in this data
sheet are of the transverse field type, that is, the electric field produced by the applied signal
voltage is perpendicular to the optical propagation direction. The voltage swing required by agiven modulator at a given operating wavelength to transit between the full off state to the full onstate is called the Half Wave Voltage (V½).

Electro-Optic Modulators㻌 㻌 㻌 㻌 㻌 㻌 㻌 㻌 㻌 㻌 㻌 㻌 㻌 㻌 㻌 㻌 㻌 㻌 㻌 㻌 㻌 㻌 㻌 㻌 㻌All electro-optic modulators listed in this data sheet are of the transverse field type, that is, theelectric field produced by the applied signal voltage is perpendicular to the optical propagation
direction. The voltage swing required by a given modulator at a given operating wavelength totransit between the full off state to the full on state is called the Half Wave Voltage (V½). The
transverse field structure allows reduction of V½ by manipulation of the crystal length to aperture
ratio to a level achievable by available driver electronics. V½ is roughly proportional towavelength and long wavelength devices usually require higher length to aperture ratios toaccommodate existing driver output levels. Conoptics offers modulators constructed with threedifferent crystal species: Ammonium Dihydrogen Phosphate (ADP), Potassium Dideuterium
Phosphate (KD*P), and Lithium Tantalate (LTA). Models 370, 380, and 390 utilize ADP as theactive element. The unique feature of these models is the virtual non-existence of piezoelectricresonances. Models belonging to the 360 series utilize LTA. LTA has the lowest intrinsic V½ andthe longest wavelength IR cutoff.
Furthermore, it has a combination of high refractive index and relatively low dielectric constantwhich allows modulators to be designed which make full use of the intrinsic driver frequency
response. Models in the 360 series exhibit piezoelectric resonances but they are discrete andvery narrow. KD*P is used in Model 350 series modulators. In terms of optical transmission

bandwidth and driver frequency response utilization, this series falls in between ADP and LTA
versions. Table 1 below provides the specifications our ADP (240-to-800nm), KD*P
(240-to-1100nm) and LTA (700-2000nm) series modulator product line.

ADP Crystal Series Wavelength Limits (240 to 800 nm)*
Model Number V ½ wave @ V ½ wave @ Aperture
500nm

830nm

Diameter

M370

1843062.5mm

M370 LA263437

M380

92M390115

Resonances

Contrast Ratio Length w/@ 633nmPolarizer

No500:1158mm

3.5mm

No500:1158mm

1532.5mmNo

500:1253mm

1903.5mmNo

500:1272mm

KD*P Crystal Series Wavelength Limits (240 to 1100nm)*
Model Number V ½ wave V ½ wave V ½ wave @ Aperture

Resonances

Contrast Ratio @Length w/@ 500nm@ 830nm

1064nmDiameter

633nm and 1064nm Polarizer

M350-504557579703.1mm

Yes

500:1,700:1106mm

M350-80

2614335222.7mm

Yes

500:1,700:1137mm

M350-80LA

360

600

720

3.5mm

Yes

500:1,700:1137mm

M350-105

2263764723.1mm

Yes

500:1,700:1

162mm

M350-160

1302162752.7mm

yes

300:1,500:1215mm

M350-210

113

188

240

3.1mm

Yes

300:1,500:1

268mm

LTA Crystal Series Wavelength Limits (700 to 2000nm)
Model

V ½ wave V ½ wave @ V ½ wave @ Aperture

Number@ 830nm

1064nm2500nmDiameter

M360-40

312

400

950

2.7mm

M360-80

143

183

430

M360-120

107138M360-160

71

92

Resonances

Contrast Ratio @Length w/1064nm

Polarizer

Yes

200:195mm

2.7mm

Yes

100:1137mm

323

2.7mm

Yes

100:1174mm

215

2.7mm

Yes

100:1215mm

Table 2 Amplifier Details
ModelBandwidth

Rise/Fall

Max. Output V

Typical DriveTimes

OutputConfiguration

25A

DC-to-25MHz

14ns

145

100 Ohms B.L.

Linear25D

DC-to-30MHz

8ns

175

100 Ohms B.L.

Digital50

DC-to-50MHz

7ns

90

50 Ohms B.L.

Linear100

DC-to-100MHz

3.5ns

90

50 Ohms B.L.

Linear200

10Khz-to-200MHz

2ns

170

50 Ohms S.E.

—

275

DC-to-8MHz

50ns

275

Lumped Capacitance Linear

302RM

DC-to-250KHz

1 micro-sec

750

Lumped Capacitance Linear

302A

DC-to-1MHz

350ns

350

Lumped Capacitance Linear

307

DC-to-50KHz8ns

800

Lumped Capacitance Digital505

5MHz-to- 100MHz

3.5ns

44

50 Ohms S.E.

—

550

20MHz-to- 500MHz

1.5ns

140

50 Ohms S.E.

—

Special Notesx

Contrast ratio measured with 1mm beam @ 1% point.

x

Special Order wavelengths below 400nm are available, please contact
sales@conoptics.com

xSpecial Clamped Version available to minimize piezo-electric resonancesx

To determine the ½ wave voltage at your operating wavelength, compute the voltage
listed and multiply by the ratio of the desired wavelength (i.e. M350-50 @ 700nm = 455 x
700nm / 500nm = 637 Volts)

xThe last Digits of the Model Number for the 350 and 360 Series designate the total
crystal path length in millimeters.

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In general, the first application requirements considered in the choice of modulation system components are theinformation bandwidth and waveform requirement. The driver output voltage achievable is a function of amplifier
bandwidth and, while this system parameter is not isolated from others, such as aperture diameter, operating
wavelength, etc., it is normally the limiting parameter of the system.
Optical Modulators
All modulators listed in this data sheet are of the transverse field type, that is, the electric field produced by theapplied signal voltage is perpendicular to the optical propagation direction. The voltage swing required by a given
modulator at a given operating wavelength to transit between the full off state to the full on state is called the Half
Wave Voltage (V½). The transverse field structure allows reduction of V½ by manipulation of the crystal length toaperture ratio to a level achievable by available driver electronics. V½ is roughly proportional to wavelength andlong wavelength devices usually require higher length to aperture ratios to accommodate existing driver outputlevels. Conoptics offers modulators constructed with three different crystal species: Ammonium Dihydrogen
Phosphate (ADP), Potassium Dideuterium Phosphate (KD*P), and Lithium Tantalate (LTA). Models 370, 380, and390 utilize ADP as the active element. The unique feature of these models is the virtual non-existence ofpiezoelectric resonances. Models belonging to the 360 series utilize LTA. LTA has the lowest intrinsic V½ and thelongest wavelength IR cutoff. Furthermore, it has a combination of high refractive index and relatively low
dielectric constant which allows modulators to be designed which make full use of the intrinsic driver frequencyresponse. Models in the 360 series exhibit piezoelectric resonances but they are discrete and very narrow. KD*P isused in Model 350 series modulators. In terms of optical transmission bandwidth and driver frequency response
utilization, this series falls in between ADP and LTA versions. Table 1 below provides the specifications our ADP(240-to-800nm), KD*P (240-to-1100nm) and LTA (700-2000nm) series modulator product line.

Table 1 Modulator Specifications:
ModelNumber
ADP Crystal Series
Wavelength Limits(240 to 800nm)*

KD*P CrystalSeries
Wavelength Limits(240 to 1100nm)*

LTA Crystal Series
Wavelength Limits(700 to 2000nm)

V ½ wave@ 500nmV ½ wave@ 830nmV ½ wave@1064nmV ½ wave@2500nm

ApertureDiameterResonances

Contrast Ration @633nm and 1064nm

Length w/Polarizer

M370

184

------2.5mm

No500:1,N/A158mm

M370 LA

263

--

--

--

3.5mm

No

500:1, N/A158mm

M380

92

--

----

2.5mm

No

500:1, N/A253mm

M390

115

------

3.5mm

No

500:1, N/A

272mm

M350-50

455

757

970

--

3.1mm

Yes **

500:1, 700:1

106mm

M350-80
M35080LA

261433

522

--

2.7mm

Yes

500:1, 700:1137mm

360

600

720

--

3.5mm

Yes

M350-105

226

376

472

--

3.1mm

Yes

500:1, 700:1162mm

M350-160

130216275--2.7mmYes

300:1, 500:1215mm

M350-210

113188240--3.1mmYes

300:1, 500:1268mm

M360-40--

3124009502.7mm

Yes

N/A, 200:195mm

M360-80--143183

4302.7mm

Yes

N/A, 100:1137mm

M360-120--

107138

323

2.7mm

Yes

N/A, 100:1174mm

M360-160

--

7192

215

2.7mm

Yes

N/A, 100:1215mm

137mm

Special Notes
xxxx

Special Order wavelengths below 400nm are available, please contact sales@conoptics.com
Special Clamped version available to minimize Piezo-electric resonances
To determine the ½ wave voltage at your operating wavelength, compute the voltage listed and multiply
it by the ratio of the wavelengths. (i.e. M350-50 @ 700nm = 455 x 700 / 500 = 637 Volts)
The last digits of the Model Number for the 350 and 360 Series designate the total crystal path length inmillimeters.

Modulator Modifications
Any of the modulators listed here can be used as a phase modulator by simply rotating the input polarization
direction by 45°. This procedure makes one of the modulator half segments essentially inactive and doubles V½(now the voltage required for a 180° phase shift). A factory modification can be made during construction which
restores V½ to its original value. This modification precludes use of the device as an intensity modulator, however,and is irreversible.

Amplifier Specifications
Table 2 listed below provides the basic specifications of our line of amplifiers and the interface configuration to themodulators. All of our amplifiers include a DC Bias Supply with greater than +/- 250 volts for setting themodulators operating point. The lump capacitance amplifiers have (2) BNC cables driving the modulator push-pull.
The 50 ohms S.E. configuration has (2) SMA connectors for driving a 50 ohm single ended modulator and a thirdconnector (BNC) for DC Bias. The 100 ohm and 50 ohm balanced line configuration has (2) twinax connectors fordriving a balanced line modulator and a third miniature twinax connector for the DC Bias.
Table 2 Amplifier Details
Model

Bandwidth

Rise/Fall Times

Max. Output V

Typical Drive Configuration

Output25A

DC TO 25MHz

14ns

145

100 Ohms B.L.

Analog

25D

DC TO 30MHz

8ns

175

100 Ohm's B.L.

Digital50

DC TO 50MHz7ns

90

50 Ohms B.L.

Analog100

DC TO 100MHz

3.5ns

90

50 Ohms B.L.

Analog200

10KHz TO 200MHz-170

50 Ohms S.E.

-275

DC TO 8MHz50ns

275

Lumped CapacitanceAnalog302RM

DC TO 250KHz

1micro sec

750

Lumped CapacitanceAnalog302A

DC TO 1MHz350ns

350

Lumped CapacitanceAnalog307

DC TO 50KHz

8ns

800

Lumped Capacitance

Digital505

20 TO 100MHz-

4450 Ohms S.E.

-

550

50 TO 500MHz-

140

50 Ohms S.E.

-Modulation Systems
The modulators and drivers listed in this data sheet can be used in various combinations to form highperformance, cost effective modulation systems. Table 3 shows the key performance characteristics of various
combinations of standard driver electronics and modulators. The high frequency -3dB points may be limited either
by the driver or the modulator. Rise and fall times are normally calculated as 0.35 divided by the -3dB bandwidthbut, due to the compression caused by the sine squared transfer characteristic over its full on to off range, theoptical rise and fall times of these systems is approximately 20% less.
Table 3 Modulation Systems:
Amplifier

Modulator

Bandwidth

Transmission at Longest wavelength

302RM

350-80LA

DC to 250KHz

85% @ 1040nm

302RM

350-50DC to 250KHz

85% @ 830nm

302RM

350-80DC to 250KHz

85% @ 1200nm

302A

350-105

DC to 1MHz

85% @ 830nm

307350-50

DC to 50KHz

85% @ 900nm

505360-80

20MHz to 100MHz

Phase Modulation

550

360-8050 to 250MHz

85% @ 830nm

25A

350-160

DC to 25MHz

85% @ 600nm

25A

350-80DC to 25MHz

85% @ 830nm

25D

350-160

DC to 30MHz

85% @ 700nm

25D360-80

DC to 30MHz

85% @ 1064nm

50380-2P

DC to 50MHz

85% @ 500nm

50360-120

DC to 50MHz

85% @ 830nm

100380-2P

DC to 100MHz

85% @ 500nm

100360-120

DC to 100MHz

85% @ 830nm

200350-80

10KHz to 200MHz

85% @ 350nm

200350-160

10KHz to 100MHz

85% @ 600nm

200360-80

10KHz to 200MHz

85% @ 830nm

275

350-105

DC to 8MHz

85% @ 650nm

275

350-160

DC to 8MHz

85% @ 1064nm

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