The 32nd EAJRS Conference
第32回⽇本資料専⾨家欧州協会年次⼤会

Documentary and visual resources on Japanin the wider Asian context

SHAMAN-SHAPED HANIWA?

RELIGIOUS PRACTICE, RITUAL LANDSCAPE AND POLITICAL
POWER DURING THE KOFUN PERIOD IN JAPANELISABETTA COLLA

ANTHROPOMORPHIC HANIWA
⼈物埴輪（はにわ）• Elisabetta Colla - PhD/博⼠• Sinologist 中国学者 (シノロジスト)• Professor ア

ア芸術助教授 - Arts of Asia アジ
アの芸術 - UNIARQ (Centre for Archaeology 考古学センター) CH - Lisbon University - リス ン⼤学• 2019 - PhD thesis PRE-HISTORY AND

ARCHAEOLOGY / 先史考古学學研究博⼠論⽂• 論⽂の⽅法 - HANIWA: Religious Practice, RitualボジLandscape and Political Power during the Kofun
period in Japan [working title]

Shimane Museum of Ancient History, Izumo (Japan),October 7th. 10:00 am (Japan)
You may also follow the opening in Be-Archaeo social media:
https://www.facebook.com/BeArchaeoProject/https://www.instagram.com/projectbearchaeo/
企画展『出雲と吉備』Especial Exhibition on Izumo and Kibi

https://www.bearchaeo.com

This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation
programme under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie grant agreement No 823826令和４年１０⽉７⽇（⾦）～１２⽉４⽇（⽇）
October 7th (Friday) to December 4th (Sunday), 2022

ARCHAEOlogy: an advanced approachlinking East to West through science, field
Archaeology, interactive museum
experiences - European Union’s Horizon
2020 Research and Innovation Staff
Exchange Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Action - grant agreement No. 823826.

•ロ ェクト - BE-ARCHAEO 考古学を超えて: 科 学、フィール 考古学、インタラクティ な博物館 体験を通して東洋と⻄洋をつな 先進的ア ロー チ EUのホライ ン 2020 ロ ラムの1つ、Marie Skłodowska-Curie 研究・イノ ーションスタッフ交 換交流アクション- 助成契約番号 823826

プグドプぐズブジ

This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation
programme under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie grant agreement No 823826
ベプ• Project – BE-ARCHAEO - BEyond

https://www.bearchaeo.com

Location of Tobiotsuka kofun
鳶尾塚古墳の位置

Elisabetta Colla with Akira Seike 清家章
Professor of Archaeology – University of Okayama
考古学教授 – 岡⼭⼤学
https://youtu.be/YCh8sT2eaFEThis project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation
programme under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie grant agreement No 823826

https://www.bearchaeo.com

30/09/2022

This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation
programme under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie grant agreement No 823826

https://www.bearchaeo.com

HANIWA埴輪（はにわ）
卑弥呼, c. 170–248 AD

From Kokai, Oizumi-machi, Gunma/
群⾺県⼤泉町古海出⼟
H.⾼68.5.
Kofun Period 古墳時代
6th 世紀 century
Important Cultural Property
J21160

親魏倭王, "Ruler of Wa, Friend of Wei"

⼥性の巫shamaness/shrine-maiden
female shrine attendant?

古墳時代好きにとっては、巫⼥と⾔えば真っ先に埴輪の巫⼥を妄想するよ！
For those people found of the Kofun
period, when thinking about a miko 巫⼥, the first thing that comes to mind isa miko-haniwa!

HANIWA & KOFUN
埴輪 & 古墳• Haniwa is a burial mound that is lined up on and around the burial mound.
• It seems that each type of haniwa had a different role, and many cylindricalcylindrical haniwa (1) were made and lined up all over the mound.

• The animals and human-shaped objects from (2) to (5) were lined up in asmall part of important places, showing the power of the people buried in thetumulus, and perhaps showing the state of the funeral. maybe.

• By the way, it is said that more than 30,000 haniwa were placed in the largest
burial mound of the Emperor Nintoku in Japan.

• 埴輪は、古墳の上やまわりに並べられた古墳のかざりです。
• かざりといっても種類ごとにちがった役割があったようで、①の筒形の円筒埴輪はたくさん作られ、墳丘のいたるところにならべられました。

• ②から⑤の動物や⼈の形をしたものは、ごく⼀部の⼤切な場所にならべられ、古墳に埋められた⼈の⼒をしめしたり、もしかしたら、そのお葬式の様⼦をあらわしていたのかもしれません。

• ちなみに、⽇本で⼀番⼤きい仁徳天皇陵古墳（にんとくてんのうりょうこふん）には、3万本以上の埴輪が置かれたと⾔われています。

KOFUN PERIOD
古墳時代
YAYOI*Initial(Earliest)LATE YAYOI - 4 RITUAL CENÁRIOS

KOFUN*

1000–800 BC

Early

800–450 BC

250–400 ADMiddle

450 BC–50 AD

400–500 AD

Late

50–250 AD

500–710 AD(Asuka) 552–710 AD(Ritsuryo) 645–mid-10c*traditional dating

Mizoguchi, 2017: 191

Mizoguchi, 2017: 223

HANIWA埴輪（はにわ）• There are diverse shapes of haniwa placed on the top of thekofun - burial mounds. They can be grouped in five types:
1.cylinders and vases - haniwa
2.tools such as helmets, boats, and ships - haniwa• 古墳にたくさん置かれた埴輪（はにわ）にはさまざまな形のものがあります。種類は⼤きく分けて、5つあります。それは:①筒（つつ）や壺（つぼ）の形をしたもの、

3.houses-shaped haniwa②かぶとやたて・船などの道具の形をしたもの、

4.horses and deer, among others.

③家の形をしたもの、

5. human-shaped haniwa.

④⾺や⿅（しか）、いのしし、⿃などの動物の形をしたもの、• At the beginning of the Kofun period, one can especially findcylindrical haniwa (円筒埴輪).

• The typology of haniwa increased with the passing of time, and in
Furuichi kofungun (古市古墳群), which is a group of Kofun periodburial mounds located in the cities of Fujiidera and Habikino,different types of haniwa such as (4) animal-shaped haniwa and(5) anthropomorphic haniwa were excavated.

⑤⼈の形をしたものの5つです。

• また、古墳時代の初めごろは、筒形のものしかありませんでしたが、時代を経るにつれて埴輪の種類が増え、百⾆⿃・古市古墳群の時代には、動物や⼈物などたくさんの種類のものが作られました。

© VITTORIO LAURO_UNITO_BE-ARCHAEO - OKAYAMA UNIVERSITY

① Cylindrical haniwa (unearthed at Chayama site) provided with the loan of Habino
City Board of Education, 円筒埴輪（茶⼭遺跡出⼟）⽻曳野市教育委員会提供② Funagata haniwa (unearthed at Okako burial mound) provided with the loan of theFujiidera City Board of Education,船形埴輪（岡古墳出⼟）藤井寺市教育委員会提供④ Dog-shaped haniwa (excavated from the Mozu-Umemachi kiln site) - loan of theSakai City Board of Education / Horse-shaped haniwa (excavated at Ryonan-AkayamaKofun) loan of the Sakai City Board of Education / Waterfowl-shaped haniwa(excavated from Tsudo-Shiroyama Kofun) loan of the Fujiidera City Board of Education
⽝形埴輪（百⾆⿃梅町窯跡出⼟）堺市教育委員会提供／⾺形埴輪（陵南⾚⼭古墳出⼟）堺市教育委員会提供／⽔⿃形埴輪（津堂城⼭古墳出⼟）藤井寺市教育委員会提供
SOURCE: https://www.mozu-furuichi.jp/jp/column_qa/vol004.html

③ House-shaped haniwa (unearthed at Misono Kofun) provided with the loanof the Osaka Prefectural Asuka Museum, 家形埴輪（美園古墳出⼟）⼤阪府⽴
近つ⾶⿃博物館提供

SOURCE: https://www.mozu-furuichi.jp/jp/column_qa/vol004.html

⑤ Sumo wrestler-shaped haniwa (excavated from
Imashirozuka burial mound) provided by Takatsuki City
Board of Education / Figure-shaped haniwa (excavatedfrom Banakamiyama burial mound, Aoyama No. 2 burialmound) provided by Osaka Prefectural Chikatsu Asuka
Museum⼒⼠形埴輪（今城塚古墳出⼟）⾼槻市教育委員会
提供／⼈物形埴輪（蕃上⼭古墳・⻘⼭2号墳出⼟）⼤阪府⽴近つ⾶⿃博物館提供
SOURCE: https://www.mozu-furuichi.jp/jp/column_qa/vol004.html

cylindrical haniwa

shield haniwa

house haniwa

zoomorphic haniwa

anthropomorphic haniwa

Outfit of the Kofun period
古墳時代の⾐装

From the haniwa, one can imagine the life and customs of the people of the Kofun period…
埴輪からは、古墳時代の⼈々の⽣活や⾵俗などの様⼦を想像することができます。。。