Global Change Observation Mission:
5th Research Announcement
GCOM-W1 Research
Algorithm development, validation, and application researchMulti-Sensor Research
Algorithm development and application research

Issued: August 23, 2013
Proposal Due: November 15, 2013

Earth Observation Research Center
Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency

Contents
1.
Introduction ......................................................................................................... 1
1.1 About the Fifth Research Announcement ................................................................ 1
1.2 Global Change Observation Mission (GCOM) ........................................................ 1
1.3 Targets of GCOM and its success criteria ................................................................ 1
1.4 Overview of this RA ................................................................................................ 52.
Technical descriptions ......................................................................................... 6
2.1 Purposes of this RA ................................................................................................... 6
2.2 Research areas ........................................................................................................... 6
2.2.1 GCOM-W1 research ............................................................................................... 6
2.2.1.1 Algorithm development ........................................................................................ 6
2.2.1.2 Standard algorithm validation and provision of validation data ....................... 8
2.2.1.3 Application research ............................................................................................ 9
2.2.2 Multi-sensor research ............................................................................................. 93.
Instructions for responding to this RA............................................................... 11
3.1 Qualifications............................................................................................................ 11
3.2 Research agreement conclusion .............................................................................. 11
3.3 Research period ........................................................................................................ 11
3.4 Resources .................................................................................................................. 11
3.5 Obligations ............................................................................................................... 12
3.6 Selection ................................................................................................................. 12
3.7 Late proposals .......................................................................................................... 12
3.8 Withdrawal of proposal ........................................................................................... 13
3.9 Cancellation and postponement .............................................................................. 13
3.10 Important dates ...................................................................................................... 13
3.11 Proposal submission and contact point................................................................. 13
4.
Instructions for proposal contents ....................................................................... 14
4.1. General ............................................................................................................... 14
4.2. Format ................................................................................................................ 14
4.3 Proposal contents ..................................................................................................... 14
5.
Description of research agreement ................................................................... 17
5.1 Contractual procedure ............................................................................................. 17
5.2 Research agreement summary ................................................................................ 17
APPENDIX A PROPOSAL COVER SHEET AND SCHEDULE ......................................................... A-1
APPENDIX B RESOURCE REQUIREMENTS ................................................................................... B-1
APPENDIX C OVERVIEW OF THE GLOBAL CHANGE OBSERVATION MISSION (GCOM) .. C-1
APPENDIX D TERMS AND CONDITIONS OF RESEARCH CONTRACT ...................................... D-1

1.

Introduction

1.1 About the Fifth Research Announcement
In this 5th Global Change Observation Mission (GCOM) research announcement (RA), theJapan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) is announcing the opportunity to conductalgorithm development, validation, and application research for the first satellite of the
GCOM-W (Water) series, GCOM-W1, as well as multi-sensor research mainly using datafrom GCOM-W1. GCOM-W1 satellite was launched in Japanese fiscal years (JFY) 2012.
On the other hand, it is planned that the first satellite of the GCOM-C (Climate) series,
GCOM-C1 will be launched in JFY 2016. This RA covers 3-year research period beginningin early JFY 2014.
1.2 Global Change Observation Mission (GCOM)
GCOM seeks to establish and demonstrate a global, long-term satellite observing system tomeasure essential geophysical parameters for understanding global climate change and thewater cycle mechanism, and eventually contribute to improving future climate projections
through a collaborative framework with climate model institutions. Demonstrating
capabilities of operational applications through the provision of continuous data tooperational agencies is another important objective. GCOM will take over the Advanced
Earth Observing Satellite-II (ADEOS-II) mission and transition into long-term monitoring of
the Earth. To achieve global, comprehensive, long-term, and homogeneous observation,
GCOM will consist of three consecutive generations of two satellite types with a 1-year
overlap, resulting in a 13-year observation period. The two satellites are GCOM-W and
GCOM-C. The GCOM-W1 satellite carrys the Advanced Microwave ScanningRadiometer-2 (AMSR2) to contribute to understanding the water and energy cycle. The
GCOM-C1 satellite will be equipped with the Second-generation Global Imager (SGLI) to
observe the Earth’s atmosphere and surface, contributing to the understanding of the carbon
cycle and radiation budget.
The AMSR2 instrument on board GCOM-W1 is a multi-frequency, dual-polarized, passive
microwave radiometer for observing water-related geophysical parameters. AMSR2 wasdesigned and manufactured based on the experience of the AMSR aboard ADEOS-II and the
AMSR for EOS (AMSR-E). Based on the experiences of the Global Imager (GLI) on board
ADEOS-II, the SGLI on GCOM-C1 will have special features, including wide spectral
coverage from 380 nm to 12 um, a high spatial resolution of 250m, a field of view exceeding
1000km, two-direction simultaneous observation, and polarization observation. The
GCOM-C1 mission aims to contribute to improving our knowledge and prediction of the
global carbon cycle and radiation budget through high-accuracy observation of global
vegetation, ocean color, temperature, cloud, aerosol, and polar regions through SGLI
observations. Details of the GCOM sensor and satellite specification are presented in
APPENDIX C.
1.3 Targets of GCOM and its success criteria
The objectives, targets, and success criteria of GCOM are summarized in Tables 1 and 2.
1

This RA solicits research proposals that will lead the mission to success by meeting the
success criteria and accomplishing these targets with JAXA.
Table 1 GCOM Objectives and GCOM-C1/W1 Targets
GCOM Objectives
GCOM-C1 Targets
Build a long-term observation Produce
anddistribute
system that can observe effective satellite-observed radiance, ninephysical parameters (e.g., sea land, eight atmosphere, seven ocean,surface temperature, soil moisture, and four cryosphere products as
and so on.) continuously for 10 to 15 standard products
years to solve the mechanism ofglobal climate change and water
cycle, and establish its usability.
Improve the prediction accuracy of Process and provide satellite data tolong-term climate change by the Data Integration and Analysis
improving the process research on System established by the University
the climate-change mechanism and of Tokyo, JAMSTEC, and JAXA.
numerical models, and provide
information service in support ofnational policy decisions throughcooperation with user organizations
that have climate models.
Establish an Earth-observation Improve the accuracy of climate
satellite system to obtain important change prediction by assimilating
physical parameters to assess the data
andimproving
model
global environment and seek parameters with the cooperation of
integrativeuse
withother application research organizations.
Through the above activities,
observation systems.
confirm the quality of GCOM data
and demonstrate its ability tocontribute to predicting long-termclimate change.
Contribute topredicting the global environment
response to climate change byobserving snow surface temperature,snow grain size, ocean chlorophyll-aconcentration, and so on.
Contribute directly to operational Improve fishery management by
fields, such as predicting intense providing data to the Japan Fisheries
weather that may bring disasters by Information Service Center within
distributing data to operational the required time frame.
organizations that provide weather
fishery
information
forecasts,
service,sea-routeinformation
control, etc.
Developnew
productsfor Produce five land, three atmosphere,effectively clarifying climate change seven ocean, and eight cryosphereand the water cycle mechanism, research products by cooperating
which is difficult to do with current with research and application
analysis technology
organizations.

2

GCOM-W1 Targets
Produceanddistributesatellite-observedbrightness
temperatures (Tbs), two land, threeatmosphere, two ocean, and one
cryosphere products as standard
products.

Process and provide satellite data to
the Data Integration and Analysis
System established by the Universityof Tokyo, JAMSTEC, and JAXA.

Improveshort-term
prediction
accuracy by assimilating data, such as
Tbs and water vapor, with thecooperation of application researchorganizations. Through the above
activities, confirm the quality of
GCOM data and demonstrate its
ability to contribute to predicting
long-term climate change. Contributeto predicting the global environment
response to climate change byobserving sea ice concentration, snow
cover, sea surface temperature, and soon.
Improve accuracy of weather forecast
including typhoons, and fishery
management by providing data to theJapan Meteorological Agency and theJapan Fisheries Information Service
Center within the required timeframe.
Produce new research products bycooperating with research andapplication organizations.

3

Table 2 GCOM Success Criteria
GCOM-W1
Success level
Assessment condition

data production
data distribution
*1

*2
*3

Minimum success

Full success

Extra successComplete calibration and validation Achieve standard accuracies within Achieve the target accuracy ofphase and start data distribution 5 years after launch.
one or more products within 5(Set release threshold/about 1 year after launch. Achieve
years after launch.
standard/ target accuracies)
release threshold accuracy *2.

Standard product*1

Research product*1(Set only target accuracy)

NANA

Add new important products forclimate change research within 5
years after launch.

Real-time
availability

From the time of achieving the From the time of achieving therelease threshold accuracy until 4 release threshold accuracy until 5
years after launch*3, maintain years after launch, maintain ability
ability to distribute the data within to distribute the data within thethe required time.
required time.

NA

Continuity

From the time of achieving the From the time of achieving therelease threshold accuracy until 4 release threshold accuracy until 5
years after launch*3, maintain years after launch, maintain ability
ability to observe and distribute to observe and distribute products.
products.

NAStandard products are defined as products that are especially important for achieving the mission goal, sufficiently confirm the application reality fromADEOS-II results etc., and are suitable for operational data distribution. Research products are defined as products still in the research phase ofdevelopment and application, or are unsuitable for operational data distribution.
Release threshold accuracy: Minimum accuracy for release as available for climate research
Set the period until the GCOM-W2 launch.

GCOM-C1
Success level
Assessment condition

Minimum success

Full success

Extra successComplete calibration and validation Achieve standard accuracies of all Achieve the target accuracy ofphase and start data distribution of standard products, within 5 years one or more products within 5
more than 20 products*3 achieving after launch,years after launch.
(Set release threshold/standard/ target accuracies) the release threshold accuracy*2
about 1 year after launch.

Standard product*1

data production*1

Research product(Set only target accuracy)

NA

NA

Achieve the target accuracy of
one or more products within 5
years after launch or add newimportant products for climatechange research.

data distribution

Real-time
availability

When the products achieve the Continue
required-time
data
release threshold accuracy, confirm distribution during the operation
ability to distribute the data within period from confirmation of thethe required time.
release threshold accuracy to 5
years after launch.

NA

Continuity

When the products achieve the Continue observation*4 and data
release threshold accuracy, confirm distribution from confirmation ofability to continuously observe and release threshold accuracy to 5
distribute products.
years after launch.

NA*1Standard products are defined as products that are especially important for achieving the mission goal, sufficiently confirm the application reality fromADEOS-II results etc., and are suitable for operational data distribution. Research products are defined as products still in the research phase ofdevelopment and application, or are unsuitable for operational data distribution.
Release threshold accuracy: Minimum accuracy for release as available for climate research
The threshold number of products, 20, corresponds to the number of ADEOS-II GLI standard products in the GCOM-C1 standard products.
This means to obtain observation data continuously during the planned Earth-observation operation period

*2
*3
*4

4

1.4 Overview of this RA
JAXA plans to select 30 to 40 proposals under this RA. The principal investigator (PI) of
each selected proposal will become a member of the GCOM-W1 science team or
GCOM-C1 science team depending on the contents of the proposal. The PIs will conduct
their research, such as algorithm development and application study, with the cooperation ofmembers of the Earth Observation Research Center (EORC), and must attend and present
their status at PI workshops held once a year. The science team leaders will participate in the
GCOM Advisory Committee to feed back the science team activities to the GCOM overall
objectives and mission requirements.
Selected PIs will be able to receive prioritized distribution of the new version of the GCOM
data, as well as to use JAXA owned Earth observation satellite data and in-situ
measurement data free of charge. In this RA, JAXA will give budget allocation priority to
the areas of GCOM-W1 standard algorithm validation and improvement to meet thestandard accuracies, and research algorithm development. Although it will depend on thebudget situation, JAXA plans to spend 80 million yen each year in total of this RA period.
JAXA may also select non-funded PIs for pure application research and research not highly
relevant to GCOM mission success criteria. All categories of domestic and foreignorganizations with nonprofit and peaceful purposes , except students, may apply under thisRA. However, funding may differ for each research category and applicant. Funding by
JAXA is restricted to domestic PIs, although some exceptions may be made for researchnecessary to realize GCOM mission success. Proposals will be selected based on apeer-review process and discussions in science/project evaluation boards. JAXA plans toannounce the selection results in February 2014.

5

2.

Technical descriptions

2.1 Purposes of this RA
To meet the mission objectives of GCOM, which are to understand global environment
variation and to improve its prediction accuracy, this RA seeks to utilize the research resultsof the 1st and the 3rd RAs for GCOM-W1 and related AMSR-E studies, and to conduct
effective research necessary to generate global, long-term, and highly accurate and stable
GCOM products, as well as to demonstrate global change research using those products byinviting research themes with new knowledge and science from both domestic and overseas
scientists.
2.2 Research areas
JAXA seeks proposals in the following research areas:-

GCOM-W1 standard algorithm improvement and validation-

GCOM-W1 research algorithm development-

Provision of validation data-

Application research mainly using GCOM-W1 data-

Multi-sensor research mainly using GCOM-W1 data

As noted in the previous section, JAXA will give budget priority to the areas of
GCOM-W1 standard algorithm improvement and validation to meet the standard and target
accuracies, and resarch algorithm development.
2.2.1 GCOM-W1 research
2.2.1.1 Algorithm development
JAXA seeks proposals of GCOM-W1 standard algorithm improvement to meet thestandard and target accuracies, and resarch algorithm development. As described in Chapter
5, proposals in standard algorithm validation and improvement will be implemented underthe “Commissioned Research Agreement (Funded),” and proposals in research algorithm
development under the “Collaborative Research Agreement (Funded/Non-funded),” inprinciple.
(1) Standard algorithm development
In this category, JAXA seeks proposals on improvement of the standard algorithms, which
will be used for processing GCOM-W1 standard products after launch. In principle, to utilize
the existing results of the first RA directly, proposals from applicants whose algorithms wereselected as the standard algorithm after launch through the first RA research activity willcontinue to be selected. Selected PIs and JAXA will work together in evaluating,
implementing, and validating the algorithms, as well as in preparing the algorithm theoreticalbasis document (ATBD) and validation plans.
6

The GCOM-W1 standard products and their expected accuracies, which are defined in the
mission success criteria, are listed in Table 6 of APPENDIX C. These accuracies were
defined in consultation with data users based on the experience and performance of the
AMSR and AMSR-E products.
The “data release threshold” accuracy denotes the minimum accuracy for the first data
release, the “standard” accuracy is defined as the valuable and standard accuracy, and the“goal” accuracy includes many challenges in improving algorithm performance and/or
calibration accuracy and is to be achieved on a research basis. The standard algorithms are
required to produce standard products that meet the accuracy requirements in Table 6 of
APPENDIX C; particularly, those that meet the standard accuracy during this RA research
period to accomplish the full success at least. Therefore, concrete methods and expectancy ofvalidation must be clearly documented. To meet the GCOM objectives, retrieval algorithms
will require global applicability, robustness, and long-term stability. Algorithms that can beextended and applied to similar microwave radiometers and historical data records are
preferable for integrated retrieval. Computationally efficient, fast-processing algorithms areimportant for the operational applications of the products.
(2) Research algorithm development
Research algorithms will include a new algorithm to produce standard products with further
improved accuracy, and ones to produce research products. The former ones have thepotential to be selected as standard algorithms at the time of product revision through theinter-comparison study with other algorithms. Therefore, the research needs to be carried out
with the goal accuracy in mind. Other preferable characteristics are the same as those ofstandard algorithms. Regarding the latter ones, once after the proposed products are selected
as research products, those research products will have the potential to be candidates of new
standard products. Current candidates of research products are listed below. Research
products are not limited to those listed below if new research products of great significanceare proposed.
-

Ocean
Retrieve all-weather sea surface wind speed under severe weather such as typhoons, byutilizing the AMSR2 lower frequency channels at 7- and 10-GHz frequency bands.

-

Land
Produce spatially and temporally homogeneous products by assimilating AMSR2
information into land-hydrology models. Also produce cloud-through land parameterssuch as land surface temperature, vegetation water content, and vegetation indices byutilizing the characteristics of microwave radiometry.

-

Cryosphere
In addition to sea ice extent and concentration, thin sea ice information is valuable fromthe viewpoint of the heat and energy exchange between ocean and atmosphere as wellas ocean circulation. Identify thin ice areas, and further estimate sea ice thickness from7the AMSR2 brightness temperatures. Sea ice motion provides information valuable tounderstanding the mechanism of sea ice advance and retreat, and to the navigation ofvessels. Perform accurate sea ice motion retrieval regardless of seasons and sensor
characteristics.
2.2.1.2 Standard algorithm validation and provision of validation data
JAXA seeks proposals contributing to the validation of standard products and to theacquisition of basic datasets, which are necessary to improve algorithms. It is also expectedto feed back the validation results to improve AMSR2 calibration. Regarding the field
campaign and experiments, obtaining both effective validation results and scientific outputs
by collaborating with other research programs is expected. Particularly, in-situ
measurements and validation studies of geophysical parameters, for which obtaining the
global and operational validation dataset is difficult, are highly desired as indicated below.
-

Land
Test sites to obtain validation data such as soil moisture and meteorologicalmeasurements are already established and maintained in the Mongolian plateau(semi-arid area), north-east Thailand (humid area), and the Murray-Darling basin in
Australia (humid to arid area). JAXA seeks proposals which will actively participate inthese validation efforts.

-

Atmosphere
JAXA seeks proposals to validate precipitation product by utilizing operational
observation data such as ground-based rain radars. For the validation of cloud liquidwater, cooperation with other research projects which can provide us validation data,
and the research on quantitative validation by comparing with other satellite
observations are expected.

-

Cryosphere
In addition to ongoing in-situ measurements of snow depth at Yakutsk site in Russia,
cooperation with research projects, in which snow pit observations are being conductedunder a variety of snow condition, is expected. For sea ice validation, cooperation withresearch projects operating research vessels in various sea areas, as well as validation
using high spatial resolution satellite images, are expected.

To apply for improving the algorithms, obtained in-situ data and knowledge need to beprovided to JAXA. Furthermore, JAXA intends to open these in-situ data to the public, after
consulting with the PIs about their disclosure level and release timing. Proposals including
both algorithm development and validation can be submitted to the category of algorithm
development.
As described in Chapter 5, the research themes in this category will be implemented underthe “Collaborative Research Agreement (Funded/Non-funded),” in principle.

8

2.2.1.3 Application research
JAXA seeks research themes aiming to understand global environment changes andimprove prediction accuracy using AMSR2 and existing datasets, such as the Special Sensor
Microwave/Imager (SSM/I), Special Sensor Microwave Imager / Sounder (SSMIS) and the
AMSR-E, as well as research themes that contribute to satisfying societal needs, such as
monitoring severe weather and water-related hazards, ocean environment monitoring, andagricultural applications. Research themes based on new concepts or needs, and new
research and products resulting from the fusion of numerical models are preferable.
As described in Chapter 5, the research themes in this category will be implemented underthe “Collaborative Research Agreement (Non-funded),” in principle.
2.2.2 Multi-sensor research
JAXA seeks multi-sensor research proposals, particularly those mainly using data from
GCOM-W1. They include multi-sensor algorithm development to create new products andapplication research utilizing variety of sensor information. Examples of expected
multi-sensor combinations are listed below, but are not limited to them:-

GCOM-W1 and GCOM-C1
Multi-sensor research is highly expected for GCOM-W1 and GCOM-C1, since thecontribution of GCOM to climate and water cycle change research is done throughcomprehensive utilization of both datasets. In research directly combining both datasets,some models or objective analysis methods may be used to consider the differences ofsatellite orbits and observing local times.

-

GCOM-W1 and A-Train constellation
To continue obtaining the AMSR-E type data and to produce further scientific resultsfrom AMSR2 through multi-sensor research using other satellites and sensors,
GCOM-W1 participates in the A-Train constellation, which is being led mainly by the
National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and the Centre Nationald’Etudes Spatiales (CNES). Therefore, multi-sensor proposals to fully utilize the
AMSR2 data are expected. Participating A-Train platforms, which fly contiguously information, enable the synchronized observation of various observing instruments.
Various combinations and science are expected, such as research on clouds andprecipitation systems and their interaction with aerosols using cloud radar/lidar, visible
and infrared radiometers, infrared and microwave sounders. This also includes researchon merged sea surface temperatures and atmosphere-ocean interaction using visible andinfrared radiometer and infrared sounders, as well as the improvement of land andcryospheric products using high-resolution visible and infrared observations.
Observation data of the A-Train satellites are available from respective development andoperating agencies.

-

GCOM-W1 and JAXA Earth environmental observing satellites
Some of JAXA’s Earth environmental observing satellites including the Tropical9

Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM), the Greenhouse gases Observing SATellite(GOSAT), the Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM), and the Earth Clouds,
Aerosols and Radiation Explorer (EarthCARE), have the potential to overlap in theobservation period with GCOM-W1. JAXA seeks multi-sensor proposals to fully utilize
the GCOM-W1 observations and effectively combine them with those JAXA missions.
GCOM-W1 will also undertake a role as a constellation satellite of GPM mission.
In principle, the research themes in this category will be implemented under the“Collaborative Research Agreement (Funded/Non-funded)” for multi-sensor algorithm
development, and the “Collaborative Research Agreement (Non-funded)” for multi-sensor
application research, as described in Chapter 5.
All applicants should keep in mind that JAXA is not a general funding body for thescientific community. This RA seeks to accomplish the GCOM mission goals and to find
new possibilities for utilizing GCOM data. Proposals should clearly describe plans for
GCOM data usage.

10

3.

Instructions for responding to this RA

3.1 Qualifications
If the proposal is for peaceful purposes and has non-commercial objectives, researchers
from all categories, except students, of domestic and foreign organizations, including
educational institutions, government offices, public companies, private enterprises, and othergroups can apply for this RA.
3.2 Research agreement conclusion
After the proposals are selected, a research agreement should be made between JAXA
and the organization to which the PI belongs, using associated terms and conditions tobe prepared by JAXA. In principle, the associated terms and conditions of research
agreements attached in APPENDIX D will be used. However, JAXA may coordinate
with a PI to use a standard contract document depending on the contents of the proposal
and its research phase. All applicants should read Chapter 5 carefully, which describes
detailed information on contract matters and the associated terms and conditions of theresearch agreement in APPENDIX D.
3.3 Research period
The total research period of this RA will be 3 years from JFY 2014. However, performance
will be evaluated based on an interim report at the end of each JFY to verify and decide
whether the research is to be continued the following year.
3.4 Resources(1) Funding
JAXA will reserve funds to support selected proposals. The basic policy for funding is asfollows:A) Based on the purpose of this RA, funding will be mainly available for GCOM-W1
standard algorithm development and validation, and research algorithm
development within JAXA’s budget limitation. Proposals submitted to other areas
may be funded if they provide a substantial contribution to the GCOM mission.
B) JAXA funding is basically restricted to domestic PIs, although some exceptions
may be made for research that is necessary to the success of the GCOM mission.
C) JAXA funding is restricted to the direct cost of research (“Direct Cost”) and does
not cover any overhead costs, indirect costs, general costs, or whatsoever(“Overhead Cost”) of the organization to which an applicant belongs. However, if
this is impossible or requires special procedures, an applicant may fill in theprovided remarks column of the Resource Requirement (APPENDIX B) as such.
D) If funding is not available for an applicant, the applicant may be selected as a
non-funded PI upon consultation with JAXA.
11

(2) Earth observation satellite data by JAXAFor PIs and CIs, AMSR2 products will be provided free of charge via "GCOM-W1 Data
Providing Service" (https://gcom-w1.jaxa.jp/auth.html). Additionally, other Earthobservation satellite data necessary for conducting research and owned by JAXA will be
provided free of charge within the limitations of the distribution capability of JAXA.
Available data are listed in APPENDIX B. Those who receive Earth observation satellite
data shall comply with the terms and conditions described in the chapter titled“Providing of Earth Observation Satellite Data by JAXA” in the research agreement.
3.5 Obligations
PIs have different obligations depending on their funding status.
(1) Funded PIs shall submit to JAXA a yearly report on the results at the end of each
JFY and a final report at the end of the entire research period. Furthermore, funded
PIs are required to participate in the workshop organized by JAXA once a year andpresent a status report. PIs must cover necessary travel expenses to participate in theworkshop within the funds provided by this RA.
(2) Non-funded PIs shall also submit a yearly report and a final report. However, suchreports can be substituted with papers published during the term. Participation in theworkshop is highly recommended. Support of travel expenses will be decided by
JAXA on a case-by-case basis depending on the research content, results, and its
progress.
3.6 Selection
Selection of proposals will be based on a peer-review process and discussions inscience/project evaluation boards. JAXA selection officials make the final decisions. The
principal elements considered in evaluating a proposal are its relevance to the objectives,
intrinsic merit, and cost. Evaluation of its intrinsic merit includes consideration of thefollowing equally important factors:(1) Overall scientific and technical merit of the proposal or unique and innovative methods,
approaches, or concepts demonstrated by the proposal(2) Proposer’s capabilities, related experience, facilities, techniques, or unique combinationsof these that are integral factors for achieving the proposal objectives(3) Qualifications, capabilities, and experience of the proposed PI and CI(4) Overall standing among similar proposals and/or evaluation against the state-of-the-art
3.7 Late proposals
Proposals or modifications received after the date specified in this RA may be considered if
the selecting official deems them to offer JAXA a significant scientific and/or technical12

advantage or cost reduction.
3.8 Withdrawal of proposal
Proposals may be withdrawn by the applicant at any time. To withdraw a proposal, theapplicant should notify JAXA immediately.
3.9 Cancellation and postponement
JAXA reserves the right to cancel or postpone this RA for reasons of JAXA’s own. In
addition, JAXA assumes no liability for canceling this RA or for postponing this RA
schedule.
3.10 Important dates
August 23, 2013

5th Research Announcement Issued

November 15, 2013

Proposal Due Date

February 2014

Notification of Selection Results

3.11 Proposal submission and contact point
Proposals with complete sets of attachments, such as reprints of papers, should be
converted to PDF (Portable Document Format) and sent via E-mail to the GCOM RA
Office. The maximum file size acceptable by E-mail is 10 MB.
GCOM RA Office E-mail address: GCOM_RA@jaxa.jp
In case of difficulty sending via E-mail, five copies each of the proposal and the complete
set of attachments should be sent via postal mail to:
GCOM RA Office
Earth Observation Research Center (EORC)
Tsukuba Space Center
Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency
2-1-1 Sengen, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8505, Japan
The point of contact is:
GCOM RA Office
Earth Observation Research Center
13

Tel:
+81-50-3362-6529
Fax:+81-29-868-2961
E-mail address: GCOM_RA@jaxa.jp
4.

Instructions for proposal contents

4.1. General(1) Proposals received in response to this RA will be used only for evaluation purposes.
(2) The following types of proposals are not acceptable:A) Proposals that include restrictions from other institutions or have the potential
to infringe on third-party rights
B) Proposals that are restricted when distributed or published(3) Proposals will not be returned to applicants.
4.2. Format(1) It is highly recommended that applicants send their proposals and complete sets of
all attachments, such as reprints of papers, in PDF via E-mail.
(2) Forms for the cover sheet, work plan, and resource requirements can be found in
APPENDIX A and APPENDIX B. Only the following formatting is mandatory inother parts of the proposal:
A) The page or paper size should be A4 or letter size.
B) The page number must appear at bottom center of each page, and the name of
the applicant must appear in the upper right corner.
C) Proposals should be word-processed documents in either English or Japanese,with a font size no smaller than 12 points.
(3) Proposals should be brief and to the point, concentrating on substantive material.
The main body of the proposal should not exceed 20 pages. Necessary detailed
information, such as reprints, should be included as attachments. A complete set of
attachments must accompany each copy of a proposal when submitting via postal
mail.
4.3 Proposal contents(1) Cover sheet
A) Research title
State your research title precisely and clearly. The title should be brief,reflecting an especially valid project intelligible to a science-literate reader andsuitable for use in the public process.
B) Research category
Choose a relevant category to which the proposal belongs.
C) Information of applicants- Identifying information of the PI
State the name, job title, organization, address, E-mail address, and telephone
and facsimile numbers of the PI.
- Identifying information of the Co-investigator
14State the name, organization, telephone number, and E-mail address of each
Co-investigator (CI).
One research team should consist of only one PI, or one PI and several CIs.
D) Budget
Provide a budget broken down by year and the total amount in Japanese yen.
E) Endorsement
Provide a signature of a responsible official or authorized representative of the
proposing organization.
(2) Abstract
Include a concise, one-page abstract describing the objective, significance, methodof approach, and anticipated results.
(3) Description of proposal
This is the main body of the proposal and should not exceed 20 pages. This main
body shall be a detailed statement of the work to be undertaken, including its
objectives and significance, relation to the present state of knowledge, and relation
to previous work done on the project and to related work in progress elsewhere. The
statement should outline the plan of work, including the broad design ofexperiments to be undertaken and a description of experiment methods andprocedures. The project description should address the evaluation factors in these
instructions and any specific factors in the RA. Any substantial collaboration withindividuals not referred to in the budget or use of consultants should be described.
Subcontracting significant portions of a research project is discouraged.
(4) Work plan (Research schedule)
The research schedule should be outlined in the form indicated in APPENDIX A.
(5) Management approach
For large or complex efforts involving interactions among numerous individuals orother organizations, plans for distribution of responsibilities and arrangements for
ensuring a coordinated effort should be described.
(6) PersonnelA) Biographical information, experience, papers in related fields
A short biographical sketch, a list of publications, experiences related to this RA,
and professional qualifications of the PI should be included. Also provide
similar biographical information on each CI.
B) Role of CI
The PI is responsible for supervising the work and the CIs in the research. Stateeach CI’s role in the proposed research.
(7) Resource requirements
Resource requirements should be described in the form indicated in APPENDIX B.
Information regarding required resources will be considered during the selection
process. After deciding the total amount of funding for each PI, JAXA will send15detailed forms for resource requirements to selected PIs for the final adjustment offunding. Before the beginning of each subsequent year, JAXA will send the sameforms for resource requirements again. Instructions for the budget summary anddata request are also included in APPENDIX B.

16

5.

Description of research agreement

5.1 Contractual procedure(1) After selecting the proposal and the PI, JAXA will send the PI guidelines and an
application form for making an agreement. Please note that JAXA will make anagreement with the organization to which the PI belongs (“the Organization”), not to
the PI or CI.
(2) A research agreement will be made using associated terms and conditions, such as
those in APPENDIX D. The Organization should submit the application form with
the necessary documents according to the guidelines by the submission due date.
Submission of the application form will be regarded as definite intention of making
an agreement with JAXA in accordance with the terms and conditions as stipulated
in APPENDIX D, and the agreement will be effective upon issuance of theconfirmation sheet by JAXA.
(3) If JAXA determines that extension of a research project is qualified by the interim
report at the end of the JFY, the research agreement will be extended for 1 year, andup to March 31, 2014. Funded organizations should submit the continuing
agreement application form to JAXA at the beginning of every JFY.
(4) Organizations shall comply with the terms and conditions defined in the research
agreement.
(5) JAXA may coordinate to make an agreement with the Organization using JAXA’sstandard contract document if JAXA thinks it appropriate in consideration of theresearch content and phase.
5.2 Research agreement summary
There are two types of research agreements based on the applicable category of
research: a Commissioned Research Agreement and a Collaborative Research
Agreement. There are also two types of Collaborative Research Agreement: funded by
JAXA and not funded.
(1) Commissioned Research Agreement (Funded)- In principle, the Commissioned Research Agreement will be applied to research in the“GCOM-W1 algorithm development (standard algorithm)” category. The Organization
shall conduct the research according to the Statement of Work provided by JAXA.
- JAXA will provide the necessary funds and Earth observation satellite data to theOrganization to conduct the research as described in the Statement of Work.
- JAXA will own the research results required to be delivered by the Statement of Work
(Deliverable Research Results).
- JAXA will retain royalty-free rights to use research results other than the Deliverable
Research Results only for its own research and development purposes.
-

In the event JAXA provides prior written consent, the Organization may use the17Deliverable Research Results for its own research and development purposes.
- If the Agreement is terminated, the Organization will refund to JAXA any unexpended
research funds that have already been paid by JAXA.
- JAXA will adjust the amount of the research funds based on a fiscal financial statement at
the end of a year-on-year contract.

(2) Collaborative Research Agreement (Funded/Non-funded)- In principle, the Collaborative Research Agreement will be applied to research in a
category “other than” GCOM-W1 algorithm development (standard algorithm).
- JAXA will provide the necessary funds (for funded cases) and Earth observation satellite
data to the Organization to conduct the research.
- In principle, the research results will be jointly owned by the parties.
- JAXA will retain the right to use all results including results belonging to theOrganization (if any), and the Organization will retain the right to use jointly-owned
research results only for its own research and development purposes, without priorconsent by the other party.
The difference between a funded agreement and non-funded agreement:-Collaborative Research Agreement (Funded)
JAXA provides part of the research funds and the Earth observation satellite data.
JAXA adjusts the amount of the research funds based on a fiscal financial statement
at the end of a year-on-year contract. The Organization shall submit an interim
report and a final report to JAXA, and shall participate in the workshops to reportresearch progress. If this agreement is canceled or terminated, the Organization shallrefund to JAXA any unexpended funds that have already been paid by JAXA.
-Collaborative Research Agreement (Non-funded)
JAXA provides the Earth observation satellite data. The Organization shallsubmit an interim report and a final report to JAXA. However, such reports canbe substituted with papers published during the research term. Participation in
the workshops is highly recommended.

(3) Publication of results
A PI who wishes to release his or her research results derived from these research
activities to a third party shall-

Provide JAXA with a copy of the publication before release and obtain
JAXA’s consent,
State in the publication that the results are obtained in this RA research, andGrant JAXA an irrevocable and royalty-free right to use the provided
publications, unless an academic society responsible for its publication
requires the PI to transfer the copyright to it.
18

APPENDIX APROPOSAL COVER SHEET AND SCHEDULE

A-1

Proposal Cover Sheet
JAXA GCOM Research Announcement
Proposal No.

(Leave Blank for JAXA Use)

Title
Research category (check one)
GCOM-W1:
Multi-Sensor:

Algorithm (Standard)
Algorithm (Research)
Algorithm
Application

Validation

Application

Principal Investigator
Name

Job Title

Department
Institution
Address
Country
E-mailTelephone
Facsimile

Co - Investigator
Name

Institution

Telephone

E-mailBudget (yen in thousands) (Direct Cost only)
JFY2014

JFY2015

JFY2016

TOTAL(Leave Blank for JAXA Use)

Authorizing Official:(Name and Title)

A-2(Institution)

Research Schedule
JFY
Month

2014
4-6

7-9

10-12

2015
1-3

4-6

Milestone

Activities

A-3

7-9

10-12

2016
1-3

4-6

7-9

10-12

1-3

APPENDIX BRESOURCE REQUIREMENTS

B-1

BUDGET SUMMARY

Direct Cost only
1. Personnel Expenses

2014(unit: yen in thousands)
2015
2016
Total

2014

2015

2014

(unit: yen in thousands)
2015
2016
Total

2014

(unit: yen in thousands)
2015
2016
Total

2014

(unit: yen in thousands)
2015
2016
Total

2. Purchases
2.1 Computers / Peripheral Equipment
ITEM

2.2 Software

ITEM

2.3 Expendable Materials and Supplies
ITEM

3. Subcontracts

ITEM

B-2

(unit: yen in thousands)
2016
Total

4. Travel Expenses
Departure Point – Destination(unit: days / times or days / travelers)
2014
2015
2016

5. Observation Equipment
ITEM

2014

(unit: yen in thousands)
2015
2016
Total

6. Satellite Data
Name of
Satellite /Sensors

Distributor(unit: yen in thousands)
Cost

Purpose

2014

2015

2014

(unit: yen in thousands)
Cost
2015
2016
Total

2014

(unit: yen in thousands)
2015
2016
Total

7. Other Data
Name of
Data Sets

8. Others

Distributor

Purpose

ITEM

2016

Total

TOTAL (unit: yen in thousands)(Except “4.Travel Expenses”)* Remarks “Overhead Cost” (q.v. 3.4(1)C) of this RA )Please check either of the following boxes:□ Unnecessary□ Deductible with special procedures (e.g. submission of certain application form from JAXA)□ Indispensable (Reason(s): )B-3

BUDGET SUMMARY (EXAMPLE)
1. Personnel Expenses

Part-time job for DSD data analysis

2014(unit: yen in thousands)
2015
2016
Total

2014

(unit: yen in thousands)
2015
2016
Total

2014

(unit: yen in thousands)
2015
2016
Total

2014

(unit: yen in thousands)
2015
2016
Total

2014

(unit: yen in thousands)
2015
2016
Total

320
(40x8)

320(40x8)

160(20x8)

800(100*8)

2. Purchases
2.1 Computers / Peripheral Equipment
ITEM

2.2 Software

ITEM

2.3 Expendable Materials and Supplies
ITEM

8mm tape (112m)
CD-R
MO (640MB)
A4 Paper (package of 500 sheets)
CD-RW Drive

3. Subcontracts

ITEM

Software development for DSD data
analysis

B-4

60
100
10
2
50

300

50
100
15
2

1,500

50
120
10
1

600

160
320
35
5
50

2,400

4. Travel Expenses
Departure Point – Destination(unit: days / times or days / travelers)
2014
2015
2016

Tokyo - Washington, D.C.
Tokyo - Paris
Tokyo - Paris
Tokyo - Osaka

7/2

7/1
5/1

3/1

5. Observation Equipment
ITEM

2014

Micro Rain Radar

1,500(unit: yen in thousands)
2015
2016
Total

1,500

6. Satellite Data
Name of
Satellite /Sensors

Distributor

8/1
6/1

(unit: yen in thousands)
Cost

Purpose

2014

2015

2014

(unit: yen in thousands)
Cost
2015
2016
Total

2014

2015

TOTAL (unit: yen in thousands) 2,342(Except “4.Travel Expenses”)

1,987

7. Other Data
Name of
Data Sets

8. Others

Distributor

Purpose

ITEM

B-5

2016

Total

(unit: yen in thousands)
2016
Total

941

5,270

JAXA DATA REQUIREMENTS
1. JAXA-Archived Satellite Datasets(e.g.: ADEOS, JERS-1, ERS, MOS, LANDSAT, TRMM, Aqua, ADEOS-II, ALOS)

Name of Satellite / Sensor

Quantity(scenes)B-6

PurposeB.1 Instructions for budget summary
Provide a budget summary by cost element (Personnel Expenses, Computers/Peripheral
equipment, Software, Expendable Materials and Supplies, Subcontracts, Travel Expenses,
Observation Equipment, Satellite Data, Other Data, and Others), sorted by Japanese fiscal year
as in the example attached to this form. An annual summary budget should also appear on thelast line.
(1) Personnel expenses
Enter expenses for part-time workers here as the total cost calculated by multiplying the unit
cost per day by the number of days. For part-time workers, use your own cost estimates.
(2) Computers/peripheral equipment/softwareEnter the lease and rental cost of computers and/or peripheral equipment. Note that JAXA
has the right to change specifications of all equipment. Also enter the cost of software here.
(3) Expendable materials and supplies
Enter the quantity of each item, following the example.
(4) Subcontracts
Provide the cost of subcontracts to outside companies or organizations here.
(5) Travel expenses
Describe the proposed domestic and/or international travel including information ondestination and number of days/number of times (or travelers).
(6) Observation equipment
Enter costs of observation equipment including installation cost.
(7) Satellite data
Investigators requesting satellite data other than JAXA-owned or archived data (listed in thenext section) should provide cost information here.
(8) Other data
Enter costs for data other than satellite data.
(9) Others
Enter costs for publication and others here.
B.2 Instructions for data requirements
JAXA-owned satellite data are listed below. JAXA will provide requested data judged
necessary for the proposed research, subject to availability of data processing.
-

Marine Observation Satellite (MOS) (only around Japan)
LANDSAT (only around Japan)
European Remote-sensing Satellite (ERS)-1, 2 (only around Japan; for Japanese
researchers only; available until JFY2002)
Japanese Earth Resources Satellite (JERS)-1 (global)
Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM)
Advanced Earth Observing Satellite (ADEOS)
Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer for EOS (AMSR-E) aboard EOS-Aquasatellite
Advanced Earth Observing Satellite-II (ADEOS-II)
Advanced Land Observing Satellite (ALOS) (10 scenes from JAXA archives)

Data availability can be checked on JAXA’s Earth Observation Satellite Data Distribution
Service (linked from EORC website, http://www.eorc.jaxa.jp/en/about/distribution/index.html).

B-7

APPENDIX COVERVIEW OF THE GLOBAL CHANGE OBSERVATIONMISSION (GCOM)

C-1

1.

Introduction

Comprehensive observation, understanding, assessment, and prediction of global climate change arecommon and important issues for all mankind. This is also identified as one of the importantsocio-economic benefits by the 10-year implementation plan for Earth Observation that was adopted by
the Third Earth Observation Summit to achieve the Global Earth Observation System of Systems(GEOSS). International efforts to comprehensively monitor the Earth by integrating various satellites,
in-situ measurements, and models are gaining importance. As a contribution to this activity, the Japan
Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) plans to develop the Global Change Observation Mission(GCOM). GCOM will take over the mission of the Advanced Earth Observing Satellite-II (ADEOS-II)and develop into long-term monitoring of the Earth.
As mentioned in the fourth assessment report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change(IPCC), warming of the climate system is unequivocal as is now evident from observations of increases in
global average air and ocean temperatures and widespread melting of snow and ice. However, climatechange signals are generally small and modulated by natural variability, and are not necessarily uniform
over the Earth. Therefore, the observing system of the climate variability should be stable, and should
cover a long term over the entire Earth.
To satisfy these needs, GCOM consists of two medium-size, polar-orbiting satellite series and three
generations with one-year overlaps between consecutive generations for inter-calibration. The two satellite
series are GCOM-W (Water) and GCOM-C (Climate). Two instruments were selected to cover a wide
range of geophysical parameters: the Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer-2 (AMSR2) on
GCOM-W1 and the Second-generation Global Imager (SGLI) on GCOM-C. The AMSR2 instrument will
perform observations related to the global water and energy cycle, while the SGLI will conduct surface
and atmospheric measurements related to the carbon cycle and radiation budget. This chapter presents an
overview of the mission objectives, observing systems, and data products of GCOM.
2.

Mission Objectives

The major objectives of GCOM can be summarized as follows.
- Establish and demonstrate a global, long-term Earth-observing system for understanding climate
variability and the water-energy cycle.
- Enhance the capability of climate prediction and provide information to policy makers throughprocess studies and model improvements in concert with climate model research institutions.
- Construct a comprehensive data system integrating GCOM products, other satellite data, and in-situ
measurements.
- Contribute to operational users including weather forecasting, fishery, and maritime agencies by
providing near-real-time data.
- Investigate and develop advanced products valuable for understanding of climate change and water
cycle studies.
Detailed explanations of the objectives are as follows.
(1) Understanding global environment changes
A) Establish and demonstrate a global, long-term Earth-observing system that is able toobserve valuable geophysical parameters for understanding global climate variability andwater cycle mechanisms.
C-2

B) Contribute to improving climate prediction models by providing accurate values of model
parameters.
C) Clarify sinks and sources of greenhouse gases.
D) Contribute to validating and improving climate prediction models by forming acollaborative framework with climate model institutions and providing long-term
geophysical datasets to them.
E) Detect trends of global environment changes (e.g., global warming, vegetation changes,
desertification, variation of atmospheric constituents, wide area air pollution, and depletionof ozone layers) from long-term variability of geophysical parameters by extracting
short-term (three- to six-year) natural variability.
F) Advance process studies of Earth environmental changes using observation data.
G) Estimate radiative forcing, energy and carbon fluxes, and albedo by combining satellite
geophysical parameters, ground in-situ measurements, and models.
H) Advance the understanding of the Earth’s system through the activities above.
I) Contribute to an international environmental strategy utilizing the results above.
(2) Direct contribution to improving people’s lives
A) Improvement of weather forecast accuracy (particularly typhoon track prediction, localized
severe rain, etc.).
B) Improvement of forecast accuracy for unusual weather and climate.
C) Improvement of water-route and maritime information.
D) Provision of fishery information.
E) Efficient coastal monitoring.
F) Improved yield prediction of agricultural products.
G) Monitoring and forecasting air pollution including yellow dust.
H) Observation of volcanic smoke and prediction of the extent of the impact.
I) Detection of forest fires.
3.

Observing Systems

3.1. Overall concept
As mentioned in the previous section, the entire GCOM will consist of two satellite series spanning
three generations. However, a budget will be approved for each satellite. Currently, only the GCOM-W1
and GCOM-C1 satellites have been approved for actual development as the first satellite in the GCOM
series. Both GCOM-W1 and GCOM-C1 satellites are medium-size platforms that are smaller than the
ADEOS-II satellite. This is to reduce the risk associated with large platforms having valuable andmultiple observing instruments. Also, since the ADEOS-II problem was related to the solar paddle, a dual
solar-paddle design was adopted for both satellites. To assure data continuity and consistent calibration,
follow-on satellites will be launched so as to overlap the preceding satellite by one year. The concept issummarized in Fig. 1. GCOM-W1 satellite has been launched in May 2012, and GCOM-C1 satellite isscheduled to be launched in Japanese Fiscal Year of 2016.
Japanese Fiscal Year 2012

1-year

GCOM-W1
GCOM-W2

LaunchGCOM-W3
GCOM-C1
GCOM-C2

LaunchGCOM-C3

Fig. 1. GCOM concept
C-3

3.2. GCOM-W1 and AMSR2 instrument
Figure 2 presents an overview of the GCOM-W1 satellite; its major characteristics are listed inTable 1. GCOM-W1 carries AMSR2 as the sole onboard mission instrument. The satellite is onorbit at an altitude of about 700km and has an ascending node local time of 1330, to maintainconsistency with Aqua/AMSR-E observations.

Fig. 2. Overview of GCOM-W1 satellite

TABLE 1
MAJOR CHARACTERISTICS OF GCOM-W1 SATELLITE
Instrument

Size

Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer-2 (AMSR2)
Sun-synchronous orbit
Altitude: 700km (over the equator)
5.1m (X) * 17.5m (Y) * 3.4m (Z) (on-orbit)

Mass

1991kgPower

More than 3880W (EOL)

Launch18 May 2012 (JST) by H-IIA Rocket

Design Life

5 years

Orbit

Figure 3 presents an overview of the AMSR2 instrument in two different conditions. Also, basic
characteristics including center frequency, bandwidth, polarization, instantaneous field of view(FOV), and sampling interval are indicated in Table 2. The basic concept is almost identical to thatof AMSR-E: a conical scanning system with a large offset parabolic antenna, feed horn cluster torealize multi-frequency observation, external calibration with two temperature standards, andtotal-power radiometer systems. The 2.0m diameter antenna, which is larger than that of AMSR-E,
provides better spatial resolution at the same orbit altitude of around 700km. The antenna will be
developed based on the experience gained from the 2.0m diameter antenna for ADEOS-II AMSR
except the deployment mechanism. For the C-band receiver, we adopted additional 7.3GHz
channels for possible mitigation of radio-frequency interference. An incidence angle of 55 degrees(over the equator) was selected to maintain consistency with AMSR-E. The swath width of 1450km
and the selected satellite orbit will provide almost complete coverage of the entire Earth’s surface
within two days independently for ascending and descending observations.
C-4

Fig. 3. Sensor unit of AMSR2 instrument in deployed (left) and stowed (right) conditions.

TABLE 2
MAJOR CHARACTERISTICS OF AMSR2 INSTRUMENT
Parameter
Center Frequency (GHz)

Performance and characteristics
6.925/7.3

10.65

18.7

23.8

36.5

89.0

350

100

200

400

1000

3000

Bandwidth (MHz)Polarization
NE∆T (K) 1

Vertical and Horizontal polarization< 0.34/0.43< 0.70< 0.70

Dynamic range (K)< 0.60< 0.70< 1.20/1.40 2

2.7 to 340

Nominal incidence angle (deg.)

55.0/54.5 2

55.0

Beam width (deg.)

1.8

1.2

0.65

0.75

0.35

0.15

IFOV (km) Cross-track x along-track

35x62

24x42

14x22

15x26

7x12

3x5

Approximate sampling interval (km)10

Swath width (km)51450 (1600, effectively)

Digital quantization (bits)

12

Scan rate (rpm)40

3.3. GCOM-C1 and SGLI instrument
Figure 4 gives an overview of the GCOM-C1 satellite; its major characteristics are listed in Table 3.
GCOM-C1 will carry SGLI as the sole mission onboard instrument. The satellite will orbit at an altitude
of about 800km; the descending node local time will be 1030, to maintain a wide observation swath andreduce cloud interference over land.

C-5

Fig. 4. Overview of GCOM-C1 satellite
TABLE 3
MAJOR CHARACTERISTICS OF GCOM-C1 SATELLITE
Instrument

Size

Second-generation Global Imager (SGLI)
Sun-synchronous orbit
Altitude: 798km (over the equator)
4.6m (X) * 16.3m (Y) * 2.8m (Z) (on orbit)

Mass

2093kgPower

More than 4000W (EOL)

Launch

JFY2016 by H-IIA Rocket

Design Life

5 years

Orbit

The SGLI instrument has two major new features: 250m spatial resolution for most of the visible
channels and polarization/multidirectional observation capabilities. The 250m resolution will
provide enhanced observation capability over land and coastal areas where the influences of humanactivity are most obvious. The polarization and multidirectional observations will enable us toretrieve aerosol information over land. Precise observation of global aerosol distribution is a key for
improving climate prediction models.
SGLI consists of two major components: the Infrared Scanner (IRS) and the Visible and
Near-infrared Radiometer (VNR). An overview of the SGLI instrument is shown in Fig. 5 for theentire radiometer layout, IRS, and VNR components. Also, requirements for sensor performance arelisted in Tables 4 and 5. VNR can be further divided into two components: VNR-Non Polarized(VNR-NP) and VNR-Polarized (VNR-P). VNR-NP and VNR-P are the 11-channel multi-band
radiometer and the polarimeter with three polarization angles (0, 60, and 120 degrees). VNR-P has atilting function to meet the scatter angle requirement from aerosol observation. The IRS is an
infrared radiometer covering wavelengths from 1μm to 12μm. It consists of short infrared (SWI;
1.05 to 2.21μm) and thermal infrared (TIR 10.8 and 12.0μm) sensors. It employs a scanning mirror
system with a 45-degree tilted flat mirror rotating continuously to realize an 80-degree observation
swath and calibration measurement in every scan.
Through intensive discussions and optimizing studies, the number of SGLI channels wasdecreased from the 36 channels of GLI aboard ADEOS-II to 19 channels, while the number of
SGLI standard products will increase compared to those of GLI.
C-6

Non Polarized
Observation Telescopes(24deg FOV x 3)

Earth
View Window

Solar
Diffuser

Polarized
Observation
Telescopes(55deg FOV
x 2)

Sun Cal.
Window

Deep
Space
Window

Fig. 5. Overview of IRS instrument (left), and VNR radiometers (right).

TABLE 4
SGLI MAJOR PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS
Item
Spectral Bands

Scan Angle
Swath width
Instantaneous field of view
(IFOV) at nadir
Observing direction
Quantization
Absolute
Accuracy
Lifetime

Calibration

Requirement
VNR-NP : 11CH 380-868.5nm
VNR-P: 2CH 673.5, 868.5nm / 0, 60, 120deg Polarization
IRS SWI : 4CH 1.05-2.21μm
IRS TIR : 2CH 10.8, 12.0μm
VNR-NP: 70deg (Push broom scanning)
VNR-P: 55deg (Push broom scanning)
IRS SWI/TIR : 80deg (45deg rotation mirror scanning)
1150km for VNR-NP/P
1400km for IRS SWI/TIR
VNR-NP: 1000m(VN9CH), 250m
VNR-P
: 1000m
IRS SWI: 250m(SW3CH), 1000m(SW1,2,4CH)
IRS TIR: 500m±45 degrees in along track direction for VNR-P
Nadir for VNR-NP, IRS SWI, and IRS TIR
12bit
VNR : ≤3% IRS : ≤5% TIR : ≤0.5K
5 Years

C-7

TABLE 5
SGLI OBSERVATION REQUIREMENT DETAILSCH

VNR-NPVNR-PIRS SWIIRS TIR

4.

VN1
VN2
VN3
VN4
VN5
VN6
VN7
VN8
VN9
VN10
VN11
P1
P2
SW1
SW2
SW3
SW4
T1
T2

λ
Δλ
nm: VNR, IRS SWI
μm: IRS TIR
380
10
412
10
443
10
490
10
530
20
565
20
673.5
20
673.5
20
763
12
868.5
20
868.5
20
673.5
20
868.5
20
1050
20
1380
20
1630
200
2210
50
10.8
0.74
12.0
0.74

IFOV
M
250
250
250
250
250
250
250
250
1000
250
250
1000
1000
1000
1000
250
1000
500
500

SNR
SNR: VNR, IRS SWINEΔT(K): IRS TIR
250
400
300
400
250
400
400
250
1200
400
200
250
250
500
150
57
211
0.2
0.2

L (for SNR)
W/m2/sr/μm
60
75
64
53
41
33
23
25
40
8
30
25
30
57
8
3
1.9
300 (K)300 (K)

Products

Geophysical products made available by GCOM-W1 and GCOM-C1 are listed in Tables 6 and 7.
There are two categories of data products: standard product and research product. A “standard”
product is defined as a product with proven accuracy that is to be operationally processed anddistributed. In contrast, a “research” product is a prototype for a standard product and is processedon a research basis. Both tables indicate standard products with shading.

C-8

TABLE 6
GEOPHYSICAL PRODUCTS OF GCOM-W1

Product

Areas

Grid
(km)

Accuracy 1
Range

ReleasethresholdStandard

Goal

Integrated
water vapor

Global,over ocean

15±3.5 kg/m2±3.5 kg/m2±2.0 kg/m2

0-70 kg/m2

Vertically integrated (columnar) water vapor
amount. Except sea ice and precipitating areas.

Integrated
cloud liquid
water

Global,over ocean

15±0.10 kg/m2±0.05 kg/m2±0.02 kg/m2

0-1.0 kg/m2

Vertically integrated (columnar) cloud liquidwater. Except sea ice and precipitating areas.

Precipitation

Global, except
cold latitudes

15

Ocean ±50 % Ocean ±50% Ocean ±20%Land ±120 % Land ±120 % Land ±80 %0-20 mm/h

Surface precipitation rate. Accuracy is defined as
relative error (ratio of root-mean-square error toaverage precipitation rate) in 50km grid average.

Sea surface
temperature

Global,over ocean

50±0.8 °C±0.5 °C±0.2 °C-2-35 °C

Except sea ice and precipitating areas. Goal
accuracy is defined as monthly mean bias error in
10 degrees latitudes.

Sea surface
wind speed

Global,over ocean

15±1.5 m/s±1.0 m/s±1.0 m/s

0-30 m/s

Sea iceconcentration

Polar region,over ocean

15

±10 %

±10 %

±5 %

0-100 %Snow depth

Land

30

±20 cm±20 cm±10 cm0-100 cm

Except ice sheets and dense forest areas. Accuracy
is expressed in snow depth and defined as mean
absolute error of instantaneous observations.

0-40 %

Volumetric water content over global land areas
including arid and cold regions, except areas
covered by vegetation with 2kg/m2 waterequivalent. Accuracy is defined as mean absolute
error of instantaneous observations.

Soil moisture

Land

Except sea ice and precipitating areas.

50

±10 %

±10 %

±5 %

Accuracy is expressed in absolute value of sea ice
concentration (%).

1 Accuracy is defined as root-mean-square error of instantaneous values unless otherwise stated. Assumed validation methodologies
are not explained here.

C-9

TABLE 7
GEOPHYSICAL PRODUCTS OF GCOM-C1 (1/3)
Area Group

commonRadiance

Product

Category

GLI
Day/night
heritage*1

Production unit

Grid size

TIR and land 2.2µm:
TOA radianceboth,A(non-Pol)(including system geometric Standard
Scene
Other VNR, SWI:
B(Pol)
correction)
daytime (+special
operation)

Release threshold*2Standard accuracy*2

Target accuracy*2

VNR,SWI Land/coast:
VNR,SWI: 5% (absolute),
250m,
offshore: 1km,
Radiometric 5% (absolute)*3 1% (relative) *3
polarimetory:1km
Geometric<1 pixel
TIR: 0.5K (@300K)
TIR Land/coast: 500m,
Geometric<0.5 pixel
offshore: 1km

VNR,SWI: 3% (absolute),
0.5% (relative) *3
TIR: 0.5K (@300K)
Geometric<0.3 pixel

StandardA

Both

Scene, Global (mosaic 1, 16
days, month)

250m<1pixel<0.5pixel<0.25pixel

Standard

B

Daytime

Scene, Global (1, 16 days,
month)

250m

0.3 (<=443nm),
0.2 (>443nm) (scene) *7

0.1 (<=443nm),
0.05 (>443nm) (scene) *7

0.05 (<=443nm),
0.025 (>443nm) (scene)*7

Vegetation index

Standard

A

Vegetation fAPAR
and carbon Leaf area index
cycle
Above-ground biomass
Vegetation roughness index
Shadow index

Standard
Standard
Standard
Standard
Standard

B
B
B
B
B

Daytime

Scene, Global (1, 16 days,
month)

250m

Daytime

Scene, Global (1, 16 days,
month)

1km
1km
250m, 1km

Grass: 25%, forest: 20% Grass: 20%, forest: 15%
Grass: 10%, forest: 10%(scene)(scene)(scene)Grass: 50%, forest: 50%
Grass: 30%, forest:20%
Grass: 20%, forest: 10%
Grass: 50%, forest: 50%
Grass: 30%, forest:30%
Grass: 20%, forest: 20%
Grass: 50%, forest: 100%
Grass: 30%, forest: 50%
Grass: 10%, forest: 20%
Grass and forest: 40% (scene) Grass and forest: 20% (scene) Grass and forest: 10% (scene)
Grass and forest: 30% (scene) Grass and forest: 20% (scene) Grass and forest: 10% (scene)

Temperature Surface temperatureStandard

B

Both

500m

<3.0K (scene)<2.5K (scene)<1.5K (scene)

Land net primary production ResearchC

Daytime

1km

N/A

N/A

Water stress trend

ResearchC

N/A

Scene, Global (1, 16 days,
month)

500m

N/A

N/A

ResearchB

Both*12

Scene

500m

N/A

N/A

Land cover typeResearch

B

Daytime

250m

N/A

N/A

Land surface albedo

ResearchB

N/A

Global (month, season)
Scene, Global (1, 16 days,
month)

30% (yearly)
10% *13 (error judgmentrate)
20% *14 (error judgmentrate)
30% (error judgment rate)

1km

N/A

N/A

10%

Precise geometric correction
Surface
Atmospheric correctedreflectance reflectance (incl. clouddetection)

Land

Application Fire detection index

Cloud
Atmosphere
Aerosol

RadiationbudgetScene, Global (1, 16 days,
month)
Global (month, year)

Cloud flag/Classification

StandardA

Both

Scene, Global（1 day, month）

Classified cloud fraction
Cloud top temp/height
Water cloud OT/effective
radiusIce cloud optical thickness
Water cloud geometrical
thickness
Aerosol over the oceanLand aerosol by near UVStandard
Standard

A
A

DaytimeBothGlobal （1 day, month）

Standard

B

Daytime

Scene, Global （1 day, month）

Standard

B

Daytime

Scene, Global（1 day, month）

10%
(with
whole-skyIncl. below cloud amount
Incl. below cloud amountcamera)20% (on solar irradiance)*9 15% (on solar irradiance)*9 10% (on solar irradiance)*91K*43K/2km (top temp/height)*5 1.5K/1km (temp/height)*5
10%/30%(Cloud100% as CLW*7
50%*7 / 20%*8
OT/radius)*6
30%*6
70%*8
20%*8

ResearchC

Daytime

Scene, Global （1 day, month）

N/A

1km

Scene, Global （1 day, month）

1km (scene),
Scene, Global （1 day, month） 0.1deg (global)

Standard
Standard

A
B

DaytimeDaytimeAerosol by Polarization

Standard

B

Daytime

Scene, Global （1 day, month）

Long-wave radiation flux

ResearchC

Daytime

Scene, Global （1 day, month）

Short-wave radiation flux

Research

B

Daytime

Scene, Global （1 day, month）

Scene, Global （1 day, month）

C-10

N/A

300m

0.05 (scene τa_670,865)
0.1 (Monthly τa_670,865)*10 0.1(scene τa_670,865)*10
0. 1(scene τa_380 )0.15 (Monthly τa_380)*10 0.15 (scene τa_380)*10
0.15(Monthly
0.15 (scene τa_670,865)*10 0.1 (scene τa_670,865)
τa_670,865)*10
Downward 10W/m2, upward
N/A
N/A
15W/m2 (monthly)
Downward 13W/m2, upward
N/A
N/A
10W/m2TABLE 7
GEOPHYSICAL PRODUCTS OF GCOM-C1 (2/3)
Area Group

Product

Category

Normalized water-leaving
radiance (incl. cloudStandard
detection)
Atmospheric correction
Standard
Ocean color parameter
Photosynthetically available
Standard
radiation

GLI
Day/night
heritage*1
B
DaytimeRelease threshold*2

Grid size

60% (443~565nm)

Scene, Global (1, 8 days,
month)A
A

DaytimeResearch

B

Daytime

Chlorophyll-a concentration Standard

A

Euphotic zone depth

Production unit

Scene, Global (1, 8 days,
month)
Scene, Global (1, 8 days,
month)

Coast: 250m
Offshore: 1km
Global: 4-9km

Standard accuracy*2

Target accuracy*2

50% (<600nm)

30% (<600nm)

0.5W/m2/str/um (>600nm) 0.25W/m2/str/um (>600nm)

80% (AOT@865nm)

50% (AOT@865nm)

30% (AOT@865nm)

20% (10km/month)

15% (10km/month)

10% (10km/month)

N/A

N/A

30%

−60 to +150%−35 to +50% (offshore), −50−60 to +150% (offshore)

to +100% (coast)
In-water
Ocean

Suspended solid
concentration
Colored dissolved organic
matterInherent optical properties

Temperature Sea-surface temperature
Ocean net primary
productivity

Daytime

Scene, Global (1, 8 days,
month)

Standard

A

Standard

A

ResearchC

Daytime

Scene, Global (1, 8 days,
month)

StandardA

Both

Scene, Global (1, 8 days,
month)

Daytime

Scene, Global (1, 8 days,
month)

ResearchC

Phytoplankton functional
type

ResearchC

Daytime

Scene, Global (1, 8 days,
month)

Red tide

Research

B

Daytime

Scene, Global (1, 8 days,
month)

B

DaytimeA

Both

Coast: 500m
Others: Same as above
Coast: 500m
Others: Same as above

Coast: 250m
Others: Same as above

Application

Cryosphere

multi sensor merged ocean
Researchcolor
multi sensor merged SST
Research
Snow and Ice covered area
Standard(incl. cloud detection)
Okhotsk sea-ice distribution Standard
Area/
distribution Snow and ice classification Research
Snow covered area in forests
Researchand mountains
Snow and ice surface
Standard
Temperature
Snow grain size of shallow
Standard
layer
SurfaceSnow grain size ofproperties
Research
subsurface layer

Area, Global (1, 8 days, month)

Coast: 250m
Offshore: 1km
250m (scene),(global)
250m
1km

A

DaytimeA
B

DaytimeDaytime

Scene, Global (1, 16 days,
month)
Area (1day)
Global (16 days, month)

B

DaytimeArea (1, 8 days)

250m

A

Daytime

Scene, Global (1, 16 days,
month)

B

Daytime

Scene, Global (1, 16 days,
month)

500m (scene),(global)250m (scene),(global)B

Daytime

Scene, Global (1, 16 days,
month)

1km

Snow grain size of top layer ResearchC

DaytimeSnow and ice albedo

B

Daytime

Scene, Global (1, 16 days,
month)
Global (1, 16 days, month)

250m (scene),(global)1km

Research

C-11

1km

−60 to +150% (offshore)−60 to +150%−50 to +100%−60 to +150% (offshore)−60 to +150%−50 to +100%

N/A

N/A

a (440): RMSE<0.25, bbp(550): RMSE<0.25

0.8K (daytime)

0.8K (day & night time)

0.6K (day and night time)

N/A

N/A

70% (monthly)

N/A

N/A

error judgment rate of large/
small phytoplankton
dominance<20%; or error
judgment rate of the dominantphytoplankton functionalgroup <40%

N/A

N/A

error judgment rate <20%

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

−35 to +50% (offshore), −50
to +100% (coast)
0.8K (day & night time)

10% (vicarious val with other 7%
sat. data)
10%
5%
N/A
N/A

5%

N/A

30%

N/A

1km 5K (vicarious val with other2K
sat. data and climatology)
1km 100% (vicarious val. with50%
climatology between temp-size)

1km

3%
10%

1K
30%

N/A

N/A

50%

N/A

N/A

50%

N/A

N/A

7%

TABLE 7
GEOPHYSICAL PRODUCTS OF GCOM-C1 (3/3)
Area Group
Cryosphere

Surfaceproperties
Boundary

GLI
Day/night
heritage*1

Product

Category

Snow impurity

Research

B

DaytimeIce sheet surface roughness Research
Ice sheet boundary
Researchmonitoring

C
B

Production unit

Grid size

Daytime

Scene, Global (1, 16 days,
month)
Area (Season)

250m (scene),(global)1km

DaytimeArea (Season)

250m

1km

Release threshold*2Standard accuracy*2

Target accuracy*2

N/A

N/A

50%

N/A

N/A

0.05 *15

N/A

N/A

<500m

Common notes:*1. Heritage levels from ADEOS-II/GLI study are shown by A-C; A: high heritage, B: Remaining issues, C: new or many issues remaining to be resolved*2. The “release threshold” is minimum levels for the first data release at one year from launch. The "standard" and "research" accuracies correspond to full and extra success criteria of the mission. Accuracies
are basically shown by RMSE.
Radiance data notes:*3. Absolute error is defined as offset + noise; relative error is defined as relative errors among channels, FOV, and so on. Release threshold of radiance is defined as estimated errors from vicarious, onboard
solar diffuser, and onboard blackbody calibration because of lack of long-term moon samples
Atmosphere notes:*4. Vicarious val. on sea-surface temperature and comparison with objective analysis data
*5. Inter comparison with airplane remote sensing on water clouds of middle optical thickness*6. Release threshold is defined by vicarious val. with other satellite data (e.g., global monthly statistics in the mid-low latitudes)*7. Comparison with cloud liquid water by in-situ microwave radiometer*8. Comparison with optical thickness by sky-radiometer (the difference can be large due to time-space inconsistence and large error of the ground measurements)*9. Comparison with in-situ observation on monthly 0.1-degree*10. Estimated by experience of aerosol products by GLI and POLDER
Land data notes:*11. Defined with land reflectance~0.2, solar zenith<30deg, and flat surface. Release threshold is defined with AOT@500nm<0.25*12. Night time 250m product can be produced by special observation requests of 1.6µm channel*13. Evaluate in semiarid regions (steppe climate, etc.)*14. Fires >1000K occupying >1/1000 on 1km pixel at night (using 2.2um of 1 km and thermal infrared channels)
Cryosphere notes:*15. Defined as height/width of the surface structures

C-12

APPENDIX D
Terms and Conditions of Research Contract
FOR COMMISSIONED RESEARCH

D-2 ~ D-14

FOR COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH

D-15 ~ D-27

FOR COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH (NON-FUNDED)

D-1

D-28~D-39

5th GCOM SCIENCE RESEARCH ANNOUCEMENTCOMMISSIONED RESEARCH AGREEMENT
This agreement ("Agreement") is entered into between the Japan Aerospace Exploration
Agency, established under the provision of the Law Concerning the Japan Aerospace
Exploration Agency on October 1, 2003, represented by its President and having its
principal office at 7-44-1 Higashimachi, Jindaiji, Choufu-shi, Tokyo, Japan ("JAXA")
and a research organization ("Research Organization") that submitted an application
form for the below described research activities to JAXA, hereinafter collectively
referred to as "the Parties."
WITNESSETH
WHEREAS, the Global Change Observation Mission ("GCOM") aims to construct, use,and verify systems that enable continuous global-scale observations of effective
geophysical parameters for clarifying global climate change and water circulation
mechanisms;
WHEREAS, JAXA issued the Research Announcement ("RA") to engage in research
activities directly related to retrieval algorithms for geophysical products, productvalidation, and data application of GCOM, and the Research Organization applied
pursuant to such RA;
WHEREAS, JAXA accepted the Research Organization's proposal that was in responseto the RA, delivered the confirmation sheet and JAXA further desires to utilize suchproposal in JAXA's project; andWHEREAS, JAXA desires to commission the Research Organization to engage in theabove research activities.
NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the mutual agreements hereinafter set forth,and for other good and reasonable consideration, the receipt and adequacy of which are
hereby acknowledged, the Parties hereby agree as follows:
Article 1. Definition
1. The following capitalized terms in this Agreement shall have the following
meanings.
(1) “Research Results” means the technical results and scientific knowledge derived
from the implementation of the Research Projects pursuant to this Agreement,
including all inventions, ideas, designs, literary works, algorithms (e.g.
Technological development accompanied by Program/Data to embody suchalgorithms), and technical know-how.
(2) “Industrial Property Rights” means all domestic and foreign patents, utility models
and industrial designs.
(3) “Commissioned Research Plan” means the plan described in Attachment 1 of the
Application Form for the GCOM Research Announcement Commissioned Research
Agreement (hereinafter “Application Form”).
(4) “Research Period” means the research period as described in the Commissioned
Research Plan. In accordance with the provisions of this Agreement, in the eventthat the Agreement ended prior to the completion date of the research originally set,
the date the Agreement ends shall be read as the research period.
D-2

(5) “Annual Evaluation” means JAXA’s annual review, which is carried out by JAXA
before the end of the Japanese fiscal year during which the Agreement was
concluded. At the end of each fiscal year, the review is conducted through the RO’s
presentation at workshops and meetings as well as based on the Progress Report.
(6) “Earth Observation Satellite Data” means data sets obtained from satellites, which
are retained by JAXA at the time of execution of this Agreement. The available data
sets including names of satellites or sensors, observation period that can be offered,and observation areas listed in the Attachment of this Agreement.
(7) “Meteorological Data” means the data provided by the Japanese Meteorological
Agency.
2. In this Agreement, “Invention etc.” contains multiple meanings: When it is a subjectof patent rights it refers to an invention; when it is a subject of a utility model itrefers to an idea; when it is a subject of the rights for industrial design, literarywork of program and database, it refers to a creation; when it is a subject ofalgorithm and technological know-how it refers to proposition.
3. In this Agreement, “utilization” of Industrial Property Rights and Research Results
refer to the acts specified in paragraph 3 of Article 2 of the Patent Act, paragraph 2
of Article 3 of the Utility Model Act, paragraph 3 of Article 2 of the Design Act, andArticle 21 and 27 of the Copyright Act (including the use of the secondary
publication created by JAXA), as well as the use of algorithm and technicalknow-how.
4. In this Agreement, “PI” (Principal Investigator) refers to the person who submitted
the research proposal to this Research Announcement and who is also the RO
employee selected to be responsible for the implementation of the accepted Research
Project. “CI” means “Co-Investigator” who supports the research activities
represented by the PI. Name of the PT and CI (hereinafter “Commissioned
Researchers”) and their affiliated organization will be show in the “Commissioned
Research Plan”.
Article 2. Purpose and Scope of Research Projects
The RO shall implement the following tasks.
(1) The RO shall conduct the research activities (“Research Projects”) in accordancewith the Statement of Work issued by JAXA (“Statement of Work”) and theCommissioned Research Plan.
(2) The RO shall respond to requests from JAXA and attend required meetings hosted
by JAXA such as the workshop at the end of each fiscal year.
(3) The RO shall report the Research Results and progress of the research at the annual
workshops and meetings hosted by JAXA.
(4) Each year before the end of the Agreement Period, the RO shall deliver JAXA the
Research Results acquired during the effective term of the Agreement in the form of
a Progress Report in accordance with the Statement of Work. The Progress Reportshall contain the deliverable Research Results specified in the Statement of Work.
In addition, upon the completion of the research period, the RO shall deliver JAXA
the Progress Report regarding the Research Results acquired during the whole ofthe commissioned research period. In such a case, the RO will not be required todeliver another Progress Report for the final year of the Agreement.
Article 3. Effective Term and Renewal
The Agreement shall be concluded upon the acceptance through the issuance of theConfirmation Sheet by JAXA for the application submitted by the RO using theapplication form, and the Agreement shall become effective as per the date prescribedon the Confirmation Sheet issued by JAXA and shall continue to be in effect until theD-3

end of the present Japanese fiscal year (“Agreement Term”). However, the Agreement
Term shall be renewed for one Fiscal Year provided that JAXA approves an extension of
the research period in the Annual Evaluation; provided, however, that the Parties
mutually agree upon the amount to be paid by JAXA for the extended period; further
provided, however, the RO shall submit a renewal Application Form to JAXA and JAXA
shall approve by issuing a new Confirmation Sheet. Thereafter the procedure shall be
the same as above.
Article 4. Annual Evaluation
1. JAXA shall conduct an Annual Evaluation regarding the contents of the Agreement
fairly at the end of the Agreement Term.
2. In the event that the results of the evaluation was a fail in the Annual Evaluation,
the provisions in Article 29 (“Incompleteness of Performance”) shall be applied.
Article 5. Commissioned Researchers
1. The RO shall let the researchers listed in the Commissioned Research Plan engage
in this commissioned research.
2. The RO shall undertake necessary measures to ensure that all the commissioned
researchers comply with the contents of the Agreement.
3. In the event that the RO intends to add new CIs, the RO shall obtain prior writtenconsent from JAXA and the RO shall undertake necessary measures to ensure thatsuch personnel comply with the contents of the Agreement.
4. In the event that the PI dies, retires from the RO, takes a leave of absence fromwork, or can no longer engaged in the RO for any other reasons, JAXA may
terminate this Agreement. Provided, however, if the RO designates a researcher
who belongs to the RO as the PI’s successor and JAXA approves the succession, theparties may amend this Agreement, with the succeeding researcher being a new PI.
The terms and conditions of the amendment to this Agreement shall be determined
separately upon mutual consultation and consent.
Article 6. Prohibition of Re-commission
1. The RO shall not commission the whole Research Projects to a third party(hereinafter “Subcontract”). The RO may, however, subcontract part of it upon priorwritten application to JAXA and approval from JAXA. Should there be a case where
subcontractors further re-commission the Research Projects to a third party, thecompany name, address and scope of business of such third party are required to besubmitted to the RO in writing.
2. If the RO subcontracts the Research Projects in accordance with the preceding
paragraph, any act of all the third parties involved in the subcontract, which
includes a contractor and commissioned party of the RO, re-commissioned party,
subcontractor and supplier at any tier, in connection with the subcontractor shall bedeemed to be an act of the RO and the RO shall be responsible therefor.
3. In the event that the RO subcontract part of the Agreement, the RO shall enter anagreement with the subcontractor regarding the items necessary for the RO tocomply with the contents of the Agreement as well as the items specified by JAXA.
Article 7. Research Funding
1. JAXA shall make advance payment of the “Research Funding” stated in the
Confirmation Sheet or Continuous Confirmation Sheet, which is issued inaccordance with Article 3, to the RO as a necessary research expense to carry out
the Agreement.
2. JAXA shall, within thirty (30) days from the date when they receive an invoice duly
D-4

issued by the RO, make payment for the Research Funding described in theprevious paragraph. If JAXA fails to pay the RO within the above period, JAXA shall
pay to the RO default interest of six (6) percent per annum (calculation on a daily
basis) on the unpaid amount.
3. If the interest on late payment calculated following the preceding paragraph is lessthan 10,000 Japanese yen, JAXA shall be exempt from payment of such interest.
Where there is a fraction of that amount and if it is less than 1,000 yen, such afraction shall be omitted.
4. The RO shall report to JAXA if there is a need to reallocate the budget, which islisted in the Budget Summary within the Commissioned Work Plan, between
Expense Item Categories of Budget Summary. However, if the RO wishes to conduct
the reallocation between Expense Item Categories with an increase in the personnel
cost, or with items including the one with an amount that has more than 30%
increase or decrease (500,000 Japanese yen in case the amount of 30% is less that
500,000 Japanese yen), the RO shall obtain an approval from JAXA in advance.
5. In order to clarify the status of accounting concerning the Research Funding statedin paragraph 1 above, the RO shall maintain books to record expenses according toitems and types as well as logically storing documents to prove such expenses. In
addition, the RO shall keep all the accounting documents for five (5) years after theend of the research period and starting the next fiscal year. JAXA may request the
RO to submit a copy of such books and the document to prove the expenses, and the
RO shall respond to such a request from JAXA.
Article 8. Submission of Completion Notice and Performance Report
1. Upon the completion of the tasks stipulated in Article 2, the RO shall create acompletion notice and submit it to JAXA before the end of the Agreement Period.
2. In the event that the research expenses, stated in paragraph 1 of the previous
Article, exceed one (1) million Japanese yen, the RO shall submit a Performance
Report containing the expenses breakdown to JAXA before one of the earlier dates,
which are either prior to 30 days after the end of the Agreement Period or 10 April ofthe next fiscal year.
Article 9. Determining the Contract Amount
1. Upon the receipt of the Performance Report stipulated in paragraph 2 in theprevious Article, JAXA and the RO adjust the expenses within the limit of theoriginal contract amount in accordance with the present Article, Article 10(Investigation of Actual Expenses) and Article 11 (Return of Paid Research Funding),and determine the final contract amount.
2. JAXA will notify the final contract amount determined by the adjustment procedure
stipulated in the previous paragraph to the RO.
3. In the calculation of the actual expenses, the general administrative expenses ratio
shall be calculated by using the ratio applied at the time the contract was concluded.
Article 10. Investigation of Actual Expenses
In determining the contract amount stipulated in paragraph 1 in the previous Article,
JAXA shall investigate whether the actual expenses conform with the contents of thecontract and accompanied conditions, and if necessary, request that the RO submit
reports or materials to be referenced, or provide consent for JAXA to enter the RO’s
office to inspect the books and relevant documents.
Article 11. Return of Paid Research Funding
1. After the payment by the method stipulated in paragraph 1 and 2 of Article 7, if theD-5amount already paid exceeds the final contract amount determined through theprocess stipulated in paragraph 1 of Article 9, JAXA shall reclaim the excess
amount from the RO.
2. In the case of the previous paragraph, the RO shall remit such funds within thirty(30) days from the date when the RO receives an invoice issued by JAXA withregard to such funds.
3. In the event there is no return made by the RO within the set time limit as
described in the preceding paragraph, the provisions of paragraph 2 and 3 of Article
7 shall be applied.
Article 12. Ownership of the Rights to the Acquired Equipment
1. The ownership of the equipment acquired with the Research Funding in accordancewith paragraph 1 of Article 7 shall be retained by JAXA. However, upon mutual
agreement between JAXA and the RO the ownership of the equipment may betransferred to the RO.
2. The RO shall create a ledger for the equipment mentioned in the previous
paragraph and manage the equipment with the care of a good manager. When thecontract ends, the RO must submit to JAXA a list of acquired property.
Article 13. Providing of the Earth Observation Satellite Data and Rights
1. JAXA will provide the RO with the Earth Observation Satellite Data necessary forthe implementation of the Agreement free of charge.
(1) JAXA may not provide all of the Earth Observation Satellite Data, which the RO
may request due to limitations on the capacity of the JAXA equipment or resources;
Amongst the Earth Observation Satellite Data, which the RO may request JAXA,
there is a limit of ten scenes in total within one fiscal year regarding the datacollected from the Advanced Land Observing Satellite (ALOS);(2) JAXA does not guarantee a specific quality or the timely provisions of the Earth
Observation Satellite Data and will not be liable for any deterioration of quality anddelay in providing the Data;(3) JAXA will not be liable for any situation whereby the Earth Observation Satellite
Data cannot be supplied to the RO due to faults relating to the satellites, limitations
on their operations, or for any other reason.
2. With respect to the handling of the Earth Observation Satellite Data provided by
JAXA, the RO shall follow the conditions below:(1) RO may not duplicate the Earth Observation Satellite Data for any purpose otherthan creating a backup. However, this excludes the duplication to provide for thecollaborating research organizations stated in Article 5 and the re-commissioned
party (hereinafter “PI etc.”) stated in Article 6 that are necessary for the
implementation of the Agreement;(2) The RO may not disclose the Earth Observation Satellite Data, which is restorable
to its primary data, to any third party, except the PI etc.
(3) The RO shall use the provided the Earth Observation Satellite Data solely for the
purpose stipulated in the Agreement;(4) The RO shall return or otherwise appropriately keep the Earth Observation
Satellite Data in accordance with the instruction of JAXA upon the termination ofthis Agreement.
3. The right concerning the Earth Observation Satellite Data provided by JAXA shallnot be transferred to the RO through the supply. In addition, for the handling of theData, the RO will follow the instruction of JAXA.
4. Regardless of the preceding paragraphs, if value-added products, which refers tohighly processed products (data analysis or a combination of satellite data acquiredD-6

by different missions, image processing based on external information other thanthe original data, conversion to physical quantities, and so forth.) that are
irreversible to the primary Earth Observation Satellite Data, are developed by
Research Organization in the course of executing the Agreement, Research
Organization retains the intellectual property rights of such value-added products,
if RO’s copyright in such value-added products are acknowledged.
Article 14. Providing of Meteorological Data and Rights
1. JAXA will provide the RO with the Meteorological Data necessary for the
implementation of the Agreement free of charge.
2. The rights concerning the Meteorological Data provided by JAXA shall not betransferred to the RO through the supply. In addition, for the handling of the Data,
the RO will follow the instruction of JAXA.
3. The RO may not disclose the provided Meteorological Data to any third party.
4. The RO shall use the provided Meteorological DATA solely for the purpose of theAgreement.
5. The RO shall return or otherwise appropriately keep the Meteorological Data inaccordance with the instruction of JAXA upon the termination of this Agreement.
Article 15. Providing of Technical Data
1. JAXA will provide the RO with the technical data such as satellite operation dataand ground verification data owned by JAXA as well as Program/Data, excluding
the Earth Observation Satellite Data and the Meteorological Data (hereinafter“Technical Data”) that are necessary for the implementation of the Agreement freeof charge, allow the RO to use it, and provide advice when required.
2. The RO shall not use the Technical Data provided by JAXA for any other purpose
than to fulfill the purpose of the Agreement, and must not disclose it to anyone but
the PI etc.
3. After the completion of the research period, the RO shall return or otherwise disposeof the Technical Data provided by JAXA following the instruction from JAXA.
Article 16. Ownership of the Research Results
1. Of the Research Results that the RO acquired through the implementation of theAgreement, the ownership of the Research Results specified by JAXA in theStatement of Work shall belong to JAXA. Such Research Results do not include thedata that is proved to have had been possessed by the RO at the time of concluding
this Agreement.
2. The copyright of the documents, which include the rights regulated in Article 27 and
28 of the Copyright Act, that JAXA specified to be delivered by the RO shall betransferred to JAXA at the point of delivery. In this case, the RO shall not exercise
the moral rights.
3. In addition to paragraph 1, for the purpose of confirming the progress of the
Research Projects, JAXA may demand to show all the Research Results acquired
through the implementation of the Agreement.
4. JAXA shall obtain the prior written consent of the RO in case JAXA plans to disclose
the Research Results (excluding the delivered Research Results) that was presented
or submitted by the RO.
5. The RO shall obtain the prior written consent of JAXA if the RO plans to disclose
the Research Results, the ownership of which belongs to JAXA, to a third party.
Article 17. Usage of the Research Results
1. Of the Research Results acquired through the implementation of the Agreement,
D-7

JAXA may use the Research Results other than the one specified in paragraph 1 ofthe previous Article free of charge only for the purpose of its research development
including the case for allowing a third party, which includes partners of joint
research projects, to use the Research Results for its own purpose, as well as for its
own peaceful and non-commercial purposes.
2. Of the Research Results acquired through the implementation of the Agreement,
the RO may use the Research Results other than those delivered in accordance withparagraph 1 of the previous Article free of charge only for the purpose of its researchdevelopment including the case for allowing a third party to use the Research
Results for its own purpose, as well as for its own peaceful and non-commercial
purposes, upon the prior consent of JAXA.
Article 18. Industrial Property Rights
1. The RO shall report the existence of Potential Industrial Property Rights generated
in the course of the Research Projects, if any, and submit a document with suchinformation to JAXA without delay, as well as taking a procedure to apply for its
Industrial Property Rights following JAXA’s instructions. If the RO is successfully
granted such Industrial Property Rights, it shall notify JAXA without delay.
2. The RO shall consult JAXA each time regarding important matters concerning theapplication procedure for the Industrial Property Rights described in the previous
Article.
3. The expense incurred in applying to the Industrial Property Rights as described inparagraph 1 shall be JAXA’s responsibility.
4. In the event the invention etc. that are generated by the commissioned researchers
stipulated in Article 5 are properties subject to registration for the Industrial
Property Rights under the name of the duty of the commissioned researchers, theRO concludes the Agreement that stipulates the right to apply for the Industrial
Property Rights concerning such invention belongs to the RO shall be concluded
with the commissioned researcher, or set the rules for regulating the duties of theemployees regarding such a matter.
5. If the technology developed by the RO due to the implementation of the Research
Projects is recognized as an invention, JAXA, if necessary, may succeed the right toapply for the Industrial Property Rights from the RO and make an application forsuch Potential Industrial Property Rights to be registered Industrial Property
Rights in JAXA’s name, after receiving the materials required for the applicationfrom the RO.
Article 19. Foreign Application for Industrial Property Rights
The provisions of the previous Article shall be applied to the application for Industrial
Property Rights abroad and the preservation of rights.
Article 20. Ownership of Industrial Property Rights
1. The RO shall transfer the Industrial Property Rights obtained in complianceparagraph1 of Article 18. In this case, the cost for the transfer shall be includedin the Research Funding stipulated in paragraph1 of Article 7.
2. If the RO requests a license to use the Industrial Property Rights assigned to
JAXA under the preceding paragraph, JAXA will grant the RO such a license
unless it is reasonable for it to be deemed to be inappropriate. The conditions
for the approval shall be determined by mutual agreement between the Parties
as necessary.
3. With regard to the Industrial Property Rights stipulated in paragraph 1 of
Article 18, if the RO, before obtaining the Rights, wishes to use it for any
D-8

4.

purpose other than that of the Agreement, or wishes to grant its use to a third
party, shall consult JAXA as necessary.
In accordance with the provisions in paragraph 1, JAXA, based on the criteria
determined by JAXA, shall bear the total or a portion of the costs, which the
RO should pay the commissioned researcher who created the technology, which
is subject to the Industrial Property Rights transferred from the RO and theRight to receive the transferred Industrial Property Rights from the RO
stipulated in paragraph 5 of Article 18.

Article 21. Ownership of Program/Data Copyrights
1. Upon the completion of the Agreement, the RO shall notify JAXA without delay inthe event that the RO creates a program and/or database (hereinafter“Program/Data”) that may potentially constitute the Program/Data copyrights. In
this case, the Program/Data that the Statement of Work specifies its delivery shallbe excluded from the notification stipulated in this Article.
2. The RO shall transfer the copyrights of the Program/Data, including the rights
stipulated in Article 27 and 28 of the Copyrights Act, acquired through theimplementation of this Agreement to JAXA. The cost for this transfer shall be
included in the Research Funding stipulated in paragraph 1 of Article 7. Regarding
the Program/Data of which the RO already had its rights prior to the conclusion of
the Agreement as well as among the know-how, routine, subroutine and modules
that are commonly used by similar program the RO specified, copyrights of suchproducts are retained by the RO but not transferred to JAXA.
3. In the event that the RO transfer copyrights to JAXA, if the product subject to the
copyright is created by the RO, the RO waives any related moral rights. If it iscreated by a third party but not by the RO, the RO shall take measures to preventthe third party from using any related moral rights.
4. If the RO requests a license to use the Program/Data copyrights assigned to JAXA,JAXA will grant the RO such a license unless it is reasonable for it to be deemed to
be inappropriate. The conditions for the approval shall be determined by mutual
agreement between the Parties as necessary.
5. In the event that programs are modified/adapted not by JAXA or the RO but by athird party, JAXA shall bear the responsibility related to the use of such programsand the RO shall not be responsible for any liability caused by such programs.
6. With regard to the know-how, routine, subroutine and modules utilized commonly
by similar programs, the copyrights of which are retained by the RO in accordancewith paragraph 2 of this Article, the RO shall approve JAXA of a royalty-free rightto use such products in the form of the program acquired through theimplementation of the Agreement without consent from the RO. Such used by JAXA
shall include the right of JAXA to grant a third party the right to use the know-how,routine, subroutine and modules without paying any royalties to the RO.
Article 22. Use of Facilities
1. The RO may use JAXA’s facilities and equipment (hereinafter “Facilities”) free ofcharge upon the prior consent of JAXA if there is a necessity for the implementationof the Agreement.
2. In the event of using JAXA’s Facilities, the RO shall use the Facilities in compliancewith all the regulations stipulated by JAXA.
Article 23. Bringing in Instruments
If necessary for the implementation of the Agreement, the RO may bring instruments
and other items into JAXA’s facilities with the prior consent of JAXA. In such a case theD-9RO shall be in compliance with all the regulations stipulated by JAXA.
Article 24. Delivery of Rental Items, Storage and Return
1. If required to implement the Agreement, JAXA shall lend the RO any instruments
and other items owned by JAXA.
2. At the time of delivery of the instruments and items for lending (hereinafter “Rental
Items”) in accordance with the preceding paragraph, JAXA shall submit a delivery
note to the RO and the RO shall submit a receipt to JAXA.
3. In the event that the RO received the delivery of the Rental Items, the RO shallconfirm the presence of any abnormality regarding the list of articles and numbers.
If a lack of quantity or abnormality including inappropriate quality and standard foruse, with the Rental Items is found, the RO shall notify JAXA of the matter
immediately and seek further instruction.
4. The RO shall manage and use the Rental Items delivered with the care of a goodmanager and shall use items solely for the purpose of the Agreement.
5. The RO shall maintain books of receipts and shipment as well as management
regarding the Rental Items delivered, record and organize the receipts, and always
make the situation of the Rental Items clear.
6. In the event that the Rental Items are lost or damaged, the RO shall report this tothe lender without delay.
7. In the event that all or part of the Rental Items become unnecessary due to thecompletion of the whole or part of the Agreement as well as of any amendment or
termination of the Agreement, the RO shall notify JAXA and undertake a procedure
to return the Rental Items in compliance with JAXA’s instruction without delay.
Article 25. Confidentiality
1. In this Agreement, “Confidentiality Information” means those that are applicable toany of the following items.
(1) Amongst the outcome as a result of the Agreement, any documents with anindication of confidential notice, tangible objects such as samples, or regardless of
its form in tangible or intangible, any items that have been confirmed in writing as
Confidential Information by JAXA and the RO.
(2) Any information that a party discloses or presents as confidential in the forms of
document, drawing, photograph, test piece, sample, magnetic tape, and floppy disk.
2. JAXA and the RO must manage Confidential Information properly and may notleak or disclose to anyone other than those involved in the Agreement. However, any
information that is applicable to any of the following items may be an exception:(1) Information that is already known to the public when disclosed by the disclosing
party;(2) Information that becomes known to the public after the disclosure by the disclosing
party without intentional misconduct of the receiving party;(3) Information that the receiving party already had before the disclosure by thedisclosing party and that is able to verify this fact;(4) Information with proof that the receiving party acquires legally from a duly
authorized third party not subject to confidentiality obligations;(5) Information and materials that the receiving party independently acquire without
utilizing information obtained from the disclosing party and that are able to verify
this fact;(6) Information with written consent from the disclosing party for the disclosure andthe publication; or(7) Information that is required to be disclosed by applicable laws, judgment or order of
a competent court. In this case, the receiving party shall promptly notify the
D-10

disclosing party of the necessity of disclosure.
3. The confidentiality obligation under paragraph 2 shall remain effective for a periodof five (5) years after the termination of the Agreement. However, this period of
keeping confidentiality may be extended or shortened by mutual agreement
between JAXA and the RO.
Article 26. Publication of Research Results
1. The RO shall be able to present or publish the Research Results, which wereacquired through the implementation of the Agreement and delivered in accordancewith paragraph 1 of Article 16; provided, however, in compliance with the obligationof Confidentiality Information stated in Article 25 (hereinafter “publication of
Research Results”).
2. In the case of the preceding paragraph, the RO shall notify JAXA with a written
document and obtain written consent from JAXA prior to the publication of
Research Results. JAXA will not unreasonably withhold consent from thepublishing party’s request.
3. When JAXA receives the notification mentioned in the previous paragraph, if thejudgment that the notification contains contents, which potentially cause a loss ofanticipated benefit by being published, JAXA shall notify the RO in writing, and the
RO shall consult with JAXA. The RO may not publish the part that has been
notified as contents, which potentially cause a loss of anticipated benefit by being
published as described in this paragraph without consent from JAXA.
4. The RO shall state in the publication of the Research Results that such results havebeen obtained pursuant to this Agreement and identify the owner of the rights tothe Earth Observation Satellite Data and Meteorological Data used in such
publication.
5. After disclosing or publishing the Research Results that belong to the RO, the RO
shall provide JAXA with a copy of the publication as soon as possible. JAXA isentitled to a royalty-free right to use, photocopy and distribute the provided
publications unless the copyright of such publication is owned by an academic
society.
Article 27. Security
Upon the implementation of the Agreement, the RO shall take security measures inaccordance with the JAXA’s regulations and must follow JAXA’s instruction.
Article 28. Impossibility of Performance
1. In the event it becomes impossible for the RO to carry out all or any part of theAgreement due to reasons attributable to the RO, JAXA may terminate all or any
part of the Agreement.
2. In the case of the termination of the Agreement following the previous paragraph,
JAXA shall apply the provisions in paragraph 1 of Article 11 mutatis mutandis anddemand the restitution of the disused amount.
3. In the case of the termination of the Agreement in accordance with Article 1, JAXA,
based on paragraph 3 of Article 31, shall be able to demand the RO incur a penalty.
Article 29. Incompleteness of Performance
1. If the performance of the RO for the Agreement is confirmed not to be following the
purpose of the Agreement due to the liability of the RO, JAXA may claim the RO
subsequent completion by setting an appropriate period.
2. In the event that there is no prospect of the completion of the performance by the
RO in accordance with the Agreement despite the claim made for the subsequent
D-11

completion stipulated in paragraph 1, JAXA may terminate all or part of thisAgreement.
3. In case the termination of the Agreement is performed in accordance with thepreceding paragraph, JAXA shall apply the provisions in paragraph 1 of Article 11
and claim a return of the amount of Research Funding that becomes unnecessary.
4. In case the termination of the Agreement is performed in accordance withparagraph 2 above, JAXA may claim the RO incur a penalty in accordance withparagraph 3 of Article 31.
Article 30. Extension of the Delivery Deadline
1. In case there is an acceptable reason for not fulfilling the obligation until thedelivery deadline, the RO may in advance propose JAXA such a reason and planneddelivery date and apply for an extension to the delivery deadline in writing. In thiscase, if the extension of the delivery deadline is approved as not to hinder theachievement of the objective of the Agreement, JAXA may approve the extension.
2. In the event the RO does not fulfill the obligation by the scheduled delivery date,
JAXA may terminate all or any part of the Agreement.
3. If the Agreement is terminated as set forth in the preceding paragraph, JAXA shallapply the provisions of paragraph 1 of Article 11 and claim a refund of any
unexpended Research Funding.
4. If the Agreement is terminated as set forth in paragraph 2, JAXA in compliancewith paragraph 3 of Article 31 shall claim the RO incur a penalty.
Article 31. Termination of the Agreement
1. In the event of any of the following conditions, JAXA and the RO may terminate theAgreement.
(1) Upon the consent of both JAXA and the RO.
(2) When the other party commits a dishonest or inequitable act and the breaching
party fails to offer any satisfactory remedial measures within seven (7) days after
receiving demands for corrective action.
(3) When the other party violates any of the terms and conditions of this Agreement
provided that the breaching party fails to offer any satisfactory remedial measures
within seven (7) days after receiving demands for corrective action.
(4) When the events stipulated in paragraph 5 (transfer of the PI) of Article 4 occurs
and there is no one who engages in this joint research project at the RO.
(5) When unavoidable circumstances occur such as natural disasters
2. Upon the termination of the Agreement, the RO shall submit to JAXA all work inprogress and completed work based on the research carried out prior to thetermination.
3. In the event that the Agreement is terminated in accordance with number 2 or 3 ofparagraph 1, JAXA and the RO may claim the other party a penalty equivalent to
10% of the Research Funding stipulated in paragraph 1 of Article 7, whichcorresponds to the contents of the termination above. However, if the amount of thepenalty is less than 10,000 Japanese yen, the payment of such penalty is not
required. Where there is a fraction of that amount and if it is less than 1,000 yen,such a fraction shall be omitted.
4. Neither JAXA nor the RO shall claim any compensation in case the termination of
the Agreement is exercised in accordance with number 5 of paragraph 1 of thepresent Article.
Article 32. Effective Term of the Agreement
1. Effective Term of the Agreement shall be the period stipulated in Article 3.
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2. Even after the end of the Effective Term of the Agreement stipulated in the previous
paragraph, provisions in paragraph 2 to 4 of Article 13 (Providing of the Earth
Observation Satellite Data and Rights), paragraph 2 to 5 of Article 14 (Providing ofMeteorological Data and Rights), Article 15 (Providing of Technical Data), Article 17(Usage of the Research Results) to 21 (Ownership of the Copyrights ofProgram/Data), and Article 26 (Publication of Research Results) continues to beeffective for the duration of the continuance of the rights stated in the present
Article. Provisions of Article 25 (Confidentiality) and Article 26 (Publication of
Research Results) posses the terms effect stipulated in the present Article.
Article 33. Amendment of the Agreement
1. JAXA can amend the contents of this Agreement. In such a case, JAXA announces
the amended contents by posting it to the website operated by JAXA, and thereafter
the Agreement is handled based on the amended contents.
2. In the case the RO has a legitimate reason for not agreeing with the amendment of
the previous paragraph, the RO may terminate the Agreement by notifying JAXA inwriting within thirty (30) days from the date the amended contents were posted on
the website.
Article 34. Governing Law
The Agreement shall be governed and interpreted under the laws of Japan.
Article 35. Language
All communications between JAXA and the RO under this Agreement shall be either inJapanese or English.
Article 36. Consultation
In the event that any doubt arises with regard to provisions that are not included in theAgreement, it shall be resolved upon mutual agreement between JAXA and the RO asnecessary.

D-13

Attachment “Earth Observation Satellite Data”
Name of Satellite or Sensor
JERS(Japanese
Earth
Observation
Satellite)
ADEOS(Advanced
Earth
Observation
Satellite)
ADEOS-II(Advanced
Earth
Observing
Satellite-II)
ALOS(Advanced
Land
Observing
Satellite)
GCOM-W1(The Global Change Observation
Mission 1st-Water)
TRMM(Tropical
Rainfall
Measuring
Mission)Observation Period(YYYY/MM/DD)
1992/09/01~1998/10/11

Observable Area

1996/10/15~1997/06/29

Global2003/01~2003/10

Global

2006/05/16~2011/04/22

Global2012 Fiscal Year~

Global1997/12~Global (PR:Approximately
36°S-36°N. TMI andVIRS: Approximately
38°S-38°N)
GlobalGlobalAMSR-E
2002/06/19~2011/10/04(Advanced Microwave ScanningRadiometer for EOS-Aquasatellite)
GOSAT
2009/04/23~
Global(Greenhouse Gases Observing
Satellite)* GCOM-C1, ALOS-2, GPM and EarthCARE will be added by revision of theAgreement pursuant to Article 33 when provisions of data becomes available

D-14

5th GCOM SCIENCE RESEARCH ANNOUCEMENTCOLLABORATIVE RESEARCH AGREEMENT
This agreement ("Agreement") is entered into between the Japan Aerospace Exploration
Agency, established under the provision of the Law Concerning the Japan Aerospace
Exploration Agency on October 1, 2003, represented by its President and having its
principal office at 7-44-1 Higashimachi, Jindaiji, Choufu-shi, Tokyo, Japan ("JAXA")
and a research organization ("Research Organization") that submitted an application
form for the below described research activities to JAXA, hereinafter collectively
referred to as "the Parties."
WITNESSETH
WHEREAS, the Global Change Observation Mission ("GCOM") aims to construct, use,and verify systems that enable continuous global-scale observations of effective
geophysical parameters for clarifying global climate change and water circulation
mechanisms;
WHEREAS, JAXA issued the Research Announcement ("RA") to engage in collaborative
research activities directly related to retrieval algorithms for geophysical products,
product validation, and data application of GCOM, and the Research Organization
applied pursuant to such RA;
WHEREAS, JAXA accepted the Research Organization's proposal that was in responseto the RA, delivered the confirmation sheet to the Research Organization and JAXA
further desires to utilize such proposal in JAXA's project; andWHEREAS, JAXA desires to engage in the above research activities in collaboration
with the Research Organization.
NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the mutual agreements hereinafter set forth,and for other good and reasonable consideration, the receipt and adequacy of which are
hereby acknowledged, the Parties hereby agree as follows:
Article 1.
Definitions
1. The following capitalized terms shall have the following meanings:(1) "Research Results" means the technical results and scientific knowledge derived
from the implementation of the Research Projects pursuant to this Agreement,
including all inventions, ideas, designs, literary works, algorithms, andtechnological developments, such as programs, that can execute the algorithm(s).
(2) "Intellectual Property Rights" generated in the course of implementation of theAgreement means the following:(i) Industrial Property Rights (as defined below);(ii) Potential Industrial Property Rights (as defined below); and(iii) Program/Data Copyrights (as defined below).
"Industrial Property Rights" means all domestic and foreign patents, utility models, andindustrial designs.
"Potential Industrial Property Rights" means all domestic and foreign application rights
for patents, utility models, or industrial designs.
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"Program/Data Copyrights" means all domestic and foreign copyrights related tocomputer programs, software and databases.
(3) "Collaborative Research Plan" means the plan described in the Application for
Collaborative Research Agreement for the GCOM (“Application”).
(4) “Research Period” means a period described in the Collaborative Research Plan.
Based on the regulations of this Agreement, in case this Agreement is terminatedbefore the completion date of the Research Period, such date of termination of theAgreement shall be the final date of the Research Period.
(5) "Annual Evaluation" means evaluation by JAXA for the results achieved within theyear in which this Agreement was concluded. JAXA evaluates the results by reports
presented at the research presentation meeting by the Research Organization andResearch Results Report (as defined below).
(6) "Earth Observation Satellite Data" means data sets obtained from satellites which
are retained by JAXA at the time of execution of this Agreement. The available data
sets (including names of satellites, sensors, observation period that can be offered,and observation areas) are listed in Attachment A of this Agreement.
(7) “Meteorological Data” means data sets provided by the Japan Meteorological Agency
pursuant to the agreement between JAXA and the Japan Meteorological Agency.
2. In this Agreement, “Invention, etc.” means an invention in terms of a subject ofpatent rights, a utility model in terms of a subject of utility model rights, a creationin terms of a subject of copyrights such as design rights and programs, and ideas interms of a subject of algorithm and know-how.
3. In this Agreement, “utilization” of the intellectual property rights and Research
Results means act defined in Article 2, Paragraph 3 of the Patent Act, act defined in
Article 2, Paragraph 3 of the Utility Model Act, act defined in Article 2, Paragraph 3of the Design Act, enforcement of right defined in Articles 21 and 27 of CopyrightAct (including utilization of secondary work created by JAXA or the Research
Organization), and use of algorithm and know-how.
4. In this Agreement, “Principal Investigator” ("PI") means the Research Organization
employee who submitted the proposal in response to the RA and was selected to be
responsible for the Research Projects. "Co-Investigator" ("CI") means a person who
supports the PI in performing the Research Projects with approval by JAXA. Names,
affiliation, and other information concerning PI and CI (collectively “Collaborative
Researchers”) shall be described on the Collaborative Research Plan.
Article 2.
JAXA's Performance for Research Projects and the Research
Organization's General Responsibilities for Research Projects
1. JAXA shall make reasonable efforts to perform the following tasks related to the
Research Projects:a) Deliver the Earth Observation Satellite Data and Meteorological Data required for
performing the Collaborative Research to the Research Organization free of charge;b) Hold research presentation meetings for checking progress of the research and othernecessary meetings;c) Evaluate the Research Result Report submitted at the end of fiscal year for the
Annual Evaluation.
2. For the purpose of ensuring the Research Organization's performance of the above
D-16

a)
b)
c)
d)

obligations, the Research Organization shall perform certain actions including, but
not limited to:
The Research Organization shall conduct and complete the Research Projects inaccordance with the Collaborative Research Plan.
Participate in necessary workshops and meetings for the Research Projects such as
the research presentation meeting hosted by JAXA at the end of the fiscal year;
Participate in the research presentation meeting hosted by JAXA every year toreport on the the Research Results and progress of research to JAXA; andDeliver the reports as a report of all the Research Results obtained during the fiscal
year by the end of such fiscal year to JAXA. Furthermore, at the completion of theresearch period, the Research Organization shall report all the Research Results
obtained throughout the entire period of the Collaborative Research in the Final
Report and submit it to JAXA. In this case, the Research Organization does not needto separately submit an annual report for the final year of the term.

Article 3.
Finalization and Renewal of the Contract
The Agreement shall become effective as of the date of the issuance of the Confirmation
Sheet prescribed by JAXA in response to an application by the Research Organization.
Period of the Agreement shall be the period described in the Confirmation Sheet issued
by JAXA. However, provided that JAXA approves an extension of the research period in
the Annual Evaluation and the Parties mutually agree upon the amount to be paid by
JAXA for such extended period; further provided, however, the Research Organization
shall submit a renewal Application Form to JAXA and JAXA shall issue a new
Confirmation Sheet; the Research Organization may renew the Agreement by one fiscal
year and the same shall apply thereafter.
Article 4.
Researchers
1. The Research Organization shall cause the Collaborative Researchers listed on the
Collaborative Research Plan to participate in the Collaborative Research.
2. JAXA shall allow those who are listed on the Collaborative Research Plan toparticipate in the Research Projects.
3. The Research Organization shall ensure all the Collaborative Researchers engaging
in the Research Projects act in accordance with the terms and conditions of theAgreement.
4. In the event that the Research Organization intends to newly select or add CIs, theResearch Organization shall first notify to JAXA by a written form in advance andobtain the consent of JAXA for such personnel. The Research Organization shalltake necessary measures to cause such CI to follow the Collaborative Research
Agreement.
5. In the event that the PI dies, retires from the Research Organization, takes a leaveabsent from work, or come to be no longer engaged in the Research Projects, theResearch Organization shall immediately notify to JAXA as such and JAXA may atits sole discretion terminate this Agreement; provided however, if the Research
Organization designates a researcher who belongs to the Research Organization as
the PI’s successor and JAXA approves the succession, the Parties may amend thisAgreement, with the succeeding researcher being a new PI. The terms andconditions of the amendment to this Agreement shall be determined upon mutual
consultation and consent.
Article 5.
Subcontract
1. The Research Organization shall not re-commission the whole Research Projects toa third party (“Subcontract”). Provided, however, that the Research Organization
may re-commission part of it upon a written prior application to JAXA and a prior
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written approval of JAXA.
Should there be a case where subcontractors
re-commission part of the Research Projects to a third party, the company name,address and scope of business of such third party are required to be submitted to the
Research Organization in writing.
2. If the Research Organization re-commissions the Research Projects to a third party
at any tier (contractor or subcontractor, including any company of any stage of the
Projects in connection with the subcontract) of the Research Organization, act ofsuch subcontractor, or, any act of such third party in connection with thesubcontract shall be deemed to be an act of the Research Organization and the
Research Organization shall be fully responsible therefor.
3. If the Research Organization re-commissions part of the Research Projects to a third
party, the Research Organization shall conclude an agreement with thesubcontractor on issues necessary for the Research Organization to comply with theAgreement and on issues designated by JAXA.
Article 6.
Research Funding
1. The Confirmation Sheet issued on the basis of Article 3 identifies the amount offunding to be provided by JAXA to the Research Organization for the Research
Projects ("Research Funding") and JAXA shall pay such amount to the Research
Organization in advance.
2. JAXA shall, within thirty (30) days from the date when JAXA receives an invoice
duly issued by the Research Organization, make payment for the Research Funding.
If JAXA fails to pay the Research Funding within the above period, JAXA shall pay
to the Research Organization default interest of six (6) percent per annum on such
unpaid amount for the period from the immediately succeeding day of due date forpayment to the date of actual payment.
3. If the interest on late payment is less than 10,000 yen, JAXA shall be exempt frompayment of such interest and if there is any amount less than 1,000 yen, suchamount shall be rounded off.
4. The Research Organization shall submit Budget Summary as attachment ofCommissioned Work Plan at the beginning of every Japanese fiscal year. The
Research Organization shall report to JAXA in advance if there is a need toreallocate the budget between Expense Item Categories of Budget Summary. For
the reallocation in the amount of Expense Item Categories for over 30%, or 500,000
Japanese yen, in case the amount of 30% is less than 500,000 Japanese yen, or
increase in the personnel cost, the Research Organization shall resubmit the revised
Budget Summary to JAXA for approval in advance.
5. Throughout the performance of the Agreement, the Research Organization shallmaintain books, records, logs, documents and other evidence sufficient to record allactions taken with respect to the funding in Paragraph 1. The Research
Organization shall agree to allow JAXA to inspect, copy, and audit such books,
records, documents and other evidence at any reasonable time. The Research
Organization shall keep all the accounting documents for 5 (five) years after the endof the research period.
Article 7.
Submission of Financial Statement
If the original funding amount stipulated in Paragraph 1 of the previous Article is one(1) million Japanese yen or more, the Research Organization shall submit fiscal
Financial Statement on either the 30th day following the date of termination of theAgreement, or on April 10 of the fiscal year following the year in which the Agreement
was terminated, whichever comes earlier.

D-18

Article 8. Determination of Contract Amount
1. If the Parties receive the Financial Statement regulated in the previous Article, theParties shall settle the funding, setting the contract amount as the upper limit, in
accordance with the stipulation in Articles 8 and 9 (Checking of Funding Spent)and 10 (Refund) to determine the contract amount.
2. JAXA shall notify the contract amount determined by the settlement in the previous
Paragraph to the Research Organization
3. In the calculation of the amount, ratio of general and administrative expenses shallbe calculated based on the ratio applied upon conclusion of the Agreement.
Article 9. Checking of Funding SpentFor determination of contract amount stipulated in Paragraph 1 of the previous Article,
JAXA shall check whether the amount spent matches the content and conditions of theAgreement. If necessary, JAXA requests the Research Organization to submit referencematerials or report, or to investigate books and relevant documents in the offices of the
Research Organization.
Article 10. Refund
1. Provided that the payment by the method stipulated in Paragraphs 1 and 2 ofArticle 6 has been made and such paid amount exceeds the amount determined by
the method stipulated in Paragraph 1 of Article 8, JAXA requests refund of theexceeding portion of the paid amount.
2. In the case of the previous Paragraph, the Research Organization shall refund theexceeding portion within thirty (30) days from the date when Research Organization
receives an invoice duly issued by JAXA.
3. In the event that the Research Organization does not refund the exceeding amountwithin the days stipulated in the previous Paragraph, regulations set forth inParagraphs 2 and 3 of Article 6 shall apply.
Article 11. Ownership of the Rights to the Acquired Equipments
1. The Research Organization shall transfer, upon the expiration of this Agreement, allrights and ownership in the equipment acquired by the Research Organization with
the Research Funding paid according to Article 5, Paragraph 1; provided, however,that JAXA and the Research Organization may determine through mutual
agreement that any or all such rights and ownership will be retained by the
Research Organization.
2. The Research Organization shall manage the equipment acquired with the
Research Funding (if any) with the care of a good manager. Such equipment shallbe listed in a “List of Property” which should be submitted to JAXA upon
termination of the Agreement.
Article 12. Providing of Earth Observation Satellite Data by JAXA
1. JAXA will provide the Research Organization with the Earth Observation Satellite
Data for the Research Projects free of charge in accordance with Article 2,
Paragraph 1, Item 2 subject to the following conditions:a) The Research Organization agrees and accepts that JAXA may not provide all the
Earth Observation Satellite Data which the Research Organization may request due
to restrictions in the allowance range of JAXA’s equipment and in resources.
Note that the Advance Land Observing Satellite data, which is one portion of the
Earth Observation Satellite Data required by the Research Organization and is tobe provided to the Research Organization, shall be limited to ten scenes every fiscal
year;
D-19

b)
c)

2.

3.
a)

b)

JAXA does not guarantee a specific quality or the timely provisions of the Earth
Observation Satellite Data and does not take responsibility for quality and delay ofprovisions of such data; andJAXA reserves the right to curtail or suspend Earth Observation Satellite Data
supply to the Research Organization due to faults or difficulties relating to thesatellites, limitations on their operations, or any other reasons and JAXA shall be
exempt from any responsibility for such curtailing and for suspension
With respect to the Earth Observation Satellite Data provided by JAXA, theResearch Organization shall:a) Not duplicate the Earth Observation Satellite Data except for the purpose of
backup. However, this excludes duplication for distributing to authorized
Collaborative Researchers stipulated in Article 4 and subcontractors stipulated
in Article 5 (“PIs, etc.” collectively) which are necessary for the Collaborative
Research Project.
b) Not provide or disclose the Earth Observation Satellite Data which can beconverted back to the primary Earth Observation Satellite Data except to PI;c) Only use the Earth Observation Satellite Data for the singular purpose ofadvancing the efforts of the Research Projects; andd) Return or otherwise appropriately manage the Earth Observation Satellite
Data upon completion of this Agreement, according to the directives of JAXA.
Any rights regarding the Earth Observation Satellite Data provided by JAXA shallconform to the following:
Any rights relating to the Earth Observation Satellite Data provided by JAXA to the
Research Organization shall not be transferred to the Research Organization bysuch provisions. In terms of the intellectual property rights of the data, theResearch Organization shall follow instructions of JAXA.
Regardless of the preceding paragraphs, if value-added products, which refers tohighly processed products (data analysis or a combination of satellite data acquiredby different missions, image processing based on external information other thanthe original data, conversion to physical quantities, and so forth.) that are
irreversible to the primary Earth Observation Satellite Data, are developed by
Research Organization in the course of executing the Agreement, Research
Organization retains the intellectual property rights of such value-added products,
if RO’s copyright in such value-added products are acknowledged..

Article 13. Providing of Meteorological Data by JAXA
1. For the purpose of performing the Research Projects, JAXA will attempt to provide
the Research Organization with the Meteorological Data based on Article 2,
Paragraph 1, Item 1.
2. Any rights relating to the Meteorological Data provided by JAXA to the Research
Organization shall not be transferred to the Research Organization by suchprovisions. In terms of the intellectual property rights of the data, the Research
Organization shall follow instructions of JAXA.
3. The Research Organization may not disclose the provided Meteorological Data to
any third party except for PIs, etc.
4. The Research Organization shall use the provided Meteorological Data solely for the
purpose of conducting the Research Projects.
5. The Research Organization shall return or otherwise appropriately keep theMeteorological Data in accordance with the instructions of JAXA upon thetermination of this Agreement.
Article 14. Disclosure of Technical Data
D-20

1. To the extent feasible, each party shall disclose and allow use of all necessary
technical information, programs, etc. ("Technical Data"), which does not include theEarth Observation Satellite Data and the Meteorological Data, necessary for
performing the Collaborative Research free of charge. The Parties will undertake tohandle expeditiously any request for the Technical Data presented by the otherparty.
2. The Technical Data shall be used by the receiving party only for the purpose offulfilling the receiving party's responsibilities under this Agreement and shall not
be disclosed to any third party except for PIs, etc.
3. According to directives of the furnishing party, the receiving party shall return orotherwise dispose of Technical Data provided under the Agreement upon completionof the activities under the Agreement.
Article 15. Usage of Research Results
1. All Research Results obtained through the course of the Collaborative Research may
be used for non-commercial and peaceful purposes by the Parties (or by the third
party including for JAXA or the Research Organization) ("Jointly-Owned Research
Results") without consent of the Research Organization.
2. With regard to copyrights in the Final Reports submitted by the Research
Organization to JAXA, JAXA may freely use, edit, copy, and distribute such reports.
In this case, the Collaborative Researchers shall waive any related moral rights tothe copyrights in the Final Reports.
Article 16. Ownership of Research Results
1. Both Parties shall solely own the rights of the Research Results if JAXA or the
Research Organization solely generates such Research Results in the course of the
Research Projects.
2. The Parties shall jointly own the rights to the Research Results obtained throughthe course of the Collaborative Research and the ownership of such results shall be
determined upon mutual agreement between the Parties, taking into consideration
the degrees of contribution by JAXA and the Research Organization.
Article 17. Application etc. of Intellectual Property Rights
1. JAXA or the Research Organization shall give the other party prompt written noticeof Intellectual Property Rights generated, such as the Invention, Utility Model, andCreation, in the course of the Collaborative Research and discuss the ownership ofsuch generated Intellectual Property Rights, as well as whether it is necessary tosubmit an application for registration of such Intellectual Property Rights.
2. JAXA and/or Research Organization shall take any necessary procedures for any
Industrial Property Rights owned by and/or held by each Collaborative Researchers(including invention etc. jointly generated by such Joint Researcher and JAXA or
the Research Organization) to be transferred by such Joint Researcher to JAXA or
the Research Organization.
3. If JAXA or the Research Organization solely generates Potential Intellectual
Property Rights in the course of the Research Projects ("Solely-Owned Intellectual
Property Rights"), the party may take steps to apply for the registration of the

D-21

resulting Intellectual Property Rights as solely-owned ones, provided that it shallobtain prior confirmation of the other party. In this case, expenses for application
and rights preservation shall be borne by the party solely holding the Intellectual
Property Rights.
4. In the event that the Parties jointly generate an invention etc., and submit anapplication for Intellectual Property Rights to such invention, the Parties shallenter into a separate joint ownership agreement ("Joint Ownership Agreement")
and jointly perform submission of the application and other procedures according to
the Joint Ownership Agreement. In this case, expenses for application and rights
preservation shall be borne by the both JAXA and the Research Organization
depending on the degree of ownership.
Article 18. Application of Intellectual Property Rights Overseas
1. Regulations of the previous Article shall apply to the case of application and rights
preservation of the Intellectual Property Rights in foreign countries.
2. In the event of an application of the Intellectual Property Rights jointly owned by
the Parties pursuant to Paragraph 4 of the previous Article, the Parties shalldiscuss whether it is necessary to submit an application for registration of such
Intellectual Property Rights.
Article 19. Utilization of Jointly-Owned Intellectual Property Rights
In case either of the Parties utilizes the Jointly-Owned Intellectual Property Rights,
such party shall obtain a consent from the other party in advance and pay utilization fee
as set forth in a separate utilization agreement, except for the case stipulated in Article
15.
Article 20. License of Utilization of Jointly-Owned Intellectual Property Rights to Third
Party
1. The Parties may grant to any third party a license to use the Jointly-Owned
Intellectual Property Rights, provided, however that the relevant party shall obtain
the written prior consent of the other party, and determine the licensing terms after
discussion with the other party.
2. In the case of granting a license to use the Jointly-Owned Intellectual Property
Rights to a third party as in the previous Paragraph, the relevant party shall collectthe usage fee from such third party as set forth in the separate usage agreement.
The usage fee to be collected from the third party shall be distributed between theParties pro rata in proportion to their respective interests in those rights.
Article 21. Transfer of Interests to Jointly-Owned Intellectual Property Rights
1. The Parties may transfer their respective interests to the Jointly-Owned Intellectual
Property Rights generated in the course of the Collaborative Research only to theirrespective designees after discussion between the Parties. Such transfer may be
carried out pursuant to a separate transfer agreement. In this event, the Parties
shall cause its designee to succeed to all of its rights and obligations with respect tothose Intellectual Property Rights.
2. If JAXA or the Research Organization disclaims its interests in the Jointly-Owned
Intellectual Property Rights, the relevant party shall give the other party prior
D-22

notice thereof and transfer its interests to the other party, only if the other party
wishes to acquire it.
Article 22. Improved Invention
If JAXA or the Research Organization alters or improves the Jointly-Owned Intellectual Property withinone (1) year from the application for registration of the original Jointly-Owned Intellectual Property Rights,
the party shall provide a written notice without delay to the other party describing the alterations or
improvements. Ownership and other issues of the Intellectual Property Rights concerning the altered or
improved invention shall be determined through discussion between the Parties.
Article 23. Designation of Know-How
1. After mutual agreement by the Parties, JAXA and the Research Organization shallpromptly designate as know-how the Research Results which are appropriately to
be treated as know-how ("Know-How").
2. For designation of Know-how, a period during which the Research Results aredesignated to be Know-How shall be specified.
3. After designating the Know-How, such Know-How shall be kept in confidence inprinciple, for five (5) years commencing on the day immediately following the date of
the completion of this Agreement; provided, however, that JAXA and the Research
Organization may extend or shorten that period upon mutual agreement.
Article 24. Utilization of Facilities, etc.
1. The Parties may use facilities and equipment (“Facilities”) of the other party free ofcharge with a prior consent from the other party if it is necessary for
implementation of the Research Projects.
2. The Parties shall follow rules and regulations of the other party in case of using the
Facilities of the other party.
Article 25. Installation of Equipment
1. The Parties may, if necessary for implementation of the Research Projects, installnecessary equipment and other materials into the facility of the other party with aprior consent from the other party. In this case, the party which installs such
equipment shall follow the rules and regulations of the other party.
2. In the event that JAXA or the Research Organization uses the material etc.
installed by the other party (Installed Material), such party shall obtain a priorconsent of the other party and shall not use the Installed Material for otherpurposes than the Research Projects.
3. In the event that JAXA or the Research Organization loses or damages the Installed
Material, such party should immediately notify the other party such fact
irrespective of the reason.
Article 26. Delivery, Storage, and Returning of Lent Equipment
1. The Parties may lend machinery or other material to the other party if it is requiredfor implementation of the Research Projects.
2. Upon delivery of the machinery or other material (“Lent Equipment”) lent inaccordance with the previous Paragraph, owner of the Lent Equipment (“Lessor”)
shall submit the other party a Note of Delivery and the other party shall submit the
Lessor a receipt.
3. The Parties shall confirm items, amount, etc. of the Lent Equipment upon delivery
D-23

4.
5.
6.
7.

of the Lent Equipment and if there is a shortage in the amount or any defect(including ones whose quality and/or specification does not meet the requirement),
JAXA or the Research Organization shall notify such fact to the Lessor and receive
an instruction from the Lessor.
JAXA and the Research Organization shall manage and use the Lent Equipmentwith the care of a good manager and should not use the Lent Equipment for the
purposes other than the Research Projects.
JAXA and the Research Organization shall keep the record of usage andmanagement of the Lent Equipment to record delivery, usage, and returning of theLent Equipment for the purpose of clarifying the condition of the Lent Equipment.
In the case of loss or damage to the Lent Equipment, JAXA and the Research
Organization shall immediately notify the fact to the Lessor without delay.
The party shall notify the Lessor if any of the Lent Equipment becomes unnecessary
due to the reasons such as completion, change, or termination of whole or part of the
Research Projects and shall take returning procedures according to the instruction
from the Lessor.

Article 27. Confidentiality
1. In this Agreement, "Confidential Information" means any information that
corresponds to any of the following:(1) Any information that includes documents classified “Confidential”, any material
object such as a sample, or any information, either material or immaterial, which
JAXA and the Research Organization agreed to handle as the Confidential
Information by a written agreement, obtained in the course of these Research
Projects; and(2) Any information disclosed or distributed to the other party as Confidential
Information in the form of a document, a drawing, a photograph, a specimen, asample, a magnetic tape, a floppy disk, or the like for the purpose of the Research
Projects.
2. The Parties shall appropriately keep the Confidential Information secret, and shallnot disclose or divulge any Confidential Information to any party other than those
who engage in the Research Projects; provided, however, that any information whichcorresponds to any of the following is not included in the Confidential Information.
a) Information that is already known to the public when disclosed by the disclosing
party;b) Information that becomes known to the public after the disclosure by the disclosing
party without intentional misconduct or negligence of the receiving party;c) Information that the receiving party already had before the disclosure by thedisclosing party;d) Information that the receiving party acquires from a dully authorized third party
not subject to confidentiality obligations;e) Information that the receiving party independently develops without utilizing
information obtained from the disclosing party;f) Information with a prior written consent of the disclosing party for the disclosureand the publication; org) Information that is required to be disclosed by applicable laws, judgment or order of
a competent court. In this case, the receiving party shall promptly notify thedisclosing party of the necessity of disclosure.
3. The confidentiality obligation under this Article shall remain effective for a period offive (5) years after the termination of the Agreement. However this period of
keeping confidentiality may be extended or shortened by mutual agreement
between JAXA and the Research Organization.
D-24

Article 28. Publication of Research Results
1. The Parties may disclose or publish the Research Results obtained in the course of
the Research Projects (Publication of Research Results”) provided that such
publishing party follows the obligations stipulated in Article 27.
2. In the case of the previous Paragraph, before publishing, JAXA or the Research
Organization (“the publishing party”) shall provide the other party with a written
document regarding the description of the subjected Research Results to be
published and request a written consent of the other party. The other party will
not unreasonably withhold consent from the publishing party's request for such
publication.
3. The other party, upon receiving the notice, will request correction of the content of
the publication in a written form if it is judged that such content includes a portion
which may lead to the loss of the future interest of the other party and the
publishing party shall consult with the other party about such portion. The
publishing party may not publish the portion which the other party notified ashaving possibility of resulting in the loss of the future interest of the other party
without consent of the other party.
4. The Research Organization shall state in the publication that such Research
Results have been obtained pursuant to this Agreement and identify the owner ofthe rights to the Earth Observation Satellite Data and Meteorological Data used insuch publication.
5. The period during which the notification pursuant to Paragraph 2 is required shallbe one (1) year from the day following the day of termination of the Agreement.
However this period may be extended or shortened by mutual agreement between
JAXA and the Research Organization.
6. JAXA and the Research Organization shall provide the other party with a copy ofthe publication immediately after the disclosure or publishing of such publication.
Each party is entitled to an irrevocable and royalty-free right to use the provided
publications, unless the copyright of such publication is owned or held by anacademic society.
Article 29. Security
In the course of the Collaborative Research, the Parties shall take necessary procedures
for maintaining an order in the areas managed by each party, ensuring appropriate andsmooth operation of the research, and ensuring protection of important assets andinformation (security).
Article 30. Termination of the Contract
1. The Parties may terminate the Agreement in any case that corresponds to any oneof the following. In such a case, the Parties agree to waive any claim against theother.
(1) Upon the consent of both JAXA and the Research Organization;(2) When the other party commits a dishonest and/or inequitable act; provided, thatbreaching party fails to offer any effective and satisfactory remedial measures
within seven (7) days after receiving demands for corrective action from the harmed
party;(3) When the other party breaches the Agreement; provided, that breaching party fails
to offer any effective and satisfactory remedial measures within seven (7) days after
receiving demands for corrective action from the harmed party;(4) When the Research Organization loses a person who engages in the Research
Projects due to the reasons described in Paragraph 5 of Article 4 such as transfer ofD-25

the PI; and(5) When an inevitable reason such as the natural disaster arises.
2. In a case where the Agreement is terminated due to the reasons described in theprevious Paragraph, JAXA shall request refund of the funding which is no longer
necessary pursuant to Paragraph 1 of Article 8.
3. The Parties shall waive any claim against the other if the Agreement is terminatedpursuant to Paragraph 1, Item 5 of this Article.
4. Upon the termination of the Agreement, the Research Organization shall promptly
deliver to JAXA all work including, but not limited to, all works in progress and all
work that is completed and otherwise ready for delivery.
Article 31. Effective Term
1. The effective term of the Agreement shall be the period set forth in Article 3.
2. Termination of this Agreement shall not affect a Party’s continuing obligation underParagraph 2 and 3 of Article 12 (Providing and Rights of Earth Observation
Satellite Data by JAXA), Paragraph 2 to 5 of Article 13 (Providing and Rights ofMeteorological Data by JAXA), Paragraph 3 of Article 14 (Exchange of Technical
Information etc.), and Article 15 (Usage of Research Results) through Article 21(Transfer of interests to Jointly-Owned Intellectual Property Rights) during theeffective period of rights set forth in each Article and Paragraph while Article 22(Improved Invention), Article 23 (Designation of Know-How), Article 27(Confidentiality) and Article 28 (Publication of Research Results) shall be effective
during the period set forth in each Article.
Article 32. Amendment of the Agreement
1. JAXA can amend the contents of this Agreement. In such a case, JAXA announces
the amended contents by posting it to the website operated by JAXA, and thereafter
the Agreement is handled based on the amended contents.
2. In the case the Research Organization has a legitimate reason for not agreeing withthe amendment of the previous paragraph, the Research Organization may
terminate the Agreement by notifying JAXA in writing within thirty (30) days fromthe date the amended contents were posted on the website.
Article 33. Governing Law
The Agreement shall be governed and interpreted under the laws of Japan.
Article 34. Language
All communications between JAXA and the Research Organization under thisAgreement shall be either in Japanese or English.
Article 35. Consultation
In the event that any doubt arises with regard to provisions that are not included in theAgreement, it shall be resolved upon mutual agreement between JAXA and the
Research Organization as necessary.

D-26

Attachment “Earth Observation Satellite Data”
Name of Satellite or Sensor
JERS(Japanese
Earth
Observation
Satellite)
ADEOS(Advanced
Earth
Observation
Satellite)
ADEOS-II(Advanced
Earth
Observing
Satellite-II)
ALOS(Advanced
Land
Observing
Satellite)
GCOM-W1(The Global Change Observation
Mission 1st-Water)
TRMM(Tropical
Rainfall
Measuring
Mission)Observation Period(YYYY/MM/DD)
1992/09/01~1998/10/11

Observable Area

1996/10/15~1997/06/29

Global2003/01~2003/10

Global

2006/05/16~2011/04/22

Global2012 Fiscal Year~

Global1997/12~Global (PR:Approximately
36°S-36°N. TMI andVIRS: Approximately
38°S-38°N)
GlobalGlobalAMSR-E
2002/06/19~2011/10/04(Advanced Microwave ScanningRadiometer for EOS-Aquasatellite)
GOSAT
2009/04/23~
Global(Greenhouse Gases Observing
Satellite)* GCOM-C1, ALOS-2, GPM and EarthCARE will be added by revision of theAgreement pursuant to Article 33 when provisions of data becomes available

D-27

5th GCOM SCIENCE RESEARCH ANNOUCEMENTCOLLABORATIVE RESEARCH AGREEMENT (NON-FUNDED)
This agreement ("Agreement") is entered into between the Japan Aerospace Exploration
Agency, established under the provision of the Law Concerning the Japan Aerospace
Exploration Agency on October 1, 2003, represented by its President and having its
principal office at 7-44-1 Higashimachi, Jindaiji, Choufu-shi, Tokyo, Japan ("JAXA")
and a research organization ("Research Organization") that submitted an application
form for the below described research activities to JAXA, hereinafter collectively
referred to as "the Parties."
WITNESSETH
WHEREAS, the Global Change Observation Mission ("GCOM") aims to construct, use,and verify systems that enable continuous global-scale observations of effective
geophysical parameters for clarifying global climate change and water circulation
mechanisms;
WHEREAS, JAXA issued the Research Announcement ("RA") to engage in collaborative
research activities directly related to retrieval algorithms for geophysical products,
product validation, and data application of GCOM, and the Research Organization
applied pursuant to such RA;
WHEREAS, JAXA accepted the Research Organization's proposal that was in responseto the RA, delivered the confirmation sheet to the Research Organization and JAXA
further desires to utilize such proposal in JAXA's project; andWHEREAS, JAXA desires to engage in the above research activities in collaboration
with the Research Organization.
NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the mutual agreements hereinafter set forth,and for other good and reasonable consideration, the receipt and adequacy of which are
hereby acknowledged, the Parties hereby agree as follows:
Article 1.
Definitions
1. The following capitalized terms shall have the following meanings:(1) "Research Results" means the technical results and scientific knowledge derived
from the implementation of the Research Projects pursuant to this Agreement,
including all inventions, ideas, designs, literary works, algorithms, andtechnological developments, such as programs, that can execute the algorithm(s).
(2) "Intellectual Property Rights" generated in the course of implementation of theAgreement means the following:(i) Industrial Property Rights (as defined below);(ii) Potential Industrial Property Rights (as defined below); and(iii) Program/Data Copyrights (as defined below).
"Industrial Property Rights" means all domestic and foreign patents, utility models, andindustrial designs.
"Potential Industrial Property Rights" means all domestic and foreign application rights
for patents, utility models, or industrial designs.
D-28

"Program/Data Copyrights" means all domestic and foreign copyrights related tocomputer programs, software and databases.
(3) "Collaborative Research Plan" means the plan described in the Application for
Collaborative Research Agreement for the GCOM ("Application").
(4) “Research Period” means a period described in the Collaborative Research Plan.
Based on the regulations of this Agreement, in case this Agreement is terminatedbefore the completion date of the Research Period, such date of termination of theAgreement shall be the final date of the Research Period.
(5) "Annual Evaluation" means evaluation by JAXA of the research results achieved at
the end of each Japanese fiscal year, in order to assess the progress of the research.
(6) "Earth Observation Satellite Data" means data sets obtained from satellites which
are retained by JAXA at the time of execution of this Agreement. The available data
sets (including names of satellites, sensors, observation periods that can be offered,and observation areas) are listed in Attachment A of this Agreement.
(7) "Meteorological Data" means data sets provided by the Japan Meteorological Agency
pursuant to the agreement between JAXA and the Japan Meteorological Agency.
2. In this Agreement, "Invention, etc." means inventions in terms of items subject topatent rights, utility models in terms of items subject to utility model rights,
creations in terms of items subject to copyrights such as design rights and programs,
and ideas in terms of items subject to algorithms and know-how.
3. In this Agreement, "utilization" of the intellectual property rights and Research
Results means activities defined in Article 2, Paragraph 3 of the Patent Act,
activities defined in Article 2, Paragraph 3 of the Utility Model Act, activities
defined in Article 2, Paragraph 3 of the Design Act, enforcement of rights defined in
Articles 21 and 27 of the Copyright Act (including utilization of secondary work
created by JAXA or the Research Organization), and use of algorithms andknow-how.
4. In this Agreement, "Principal Investigator" ("PI") means the Research Organization
employee who submitted the proposal in response to the RA and was selected to be
responsible for the Research Projects. "Co-Investigator" ("CI") means a person who
supports the PI in performing the Research Projects with approval by JAXA. Names,
affiliation, and other information concerning the PI and CI (collectively"Collaborative Researchers") shall be described in the Collaborative Research Plan.
Article 2.
JAXA's Performance for Research Projects and the Research
Organization's General Responsibilities for Research Projects
1. JAXA shall make reasonable efforts to perform the following tasks related to the
Research Projects:a) Deliver the Earth Observation Satellite Data and Meteorological Data required for
performing the Collaborative Research to the Research Organization free of charge;b) Hold research presentation meetings (Research Presentation Meeting) to checkprogress of the research and other necessary meetings;c) Carry out an Annual Evaluation based on the report made in the ResearchPresentation Meeting stipulated in the previous Paragraph, or written reports
similar to the one stipulated therein.
2. For the purpose of ensuring the Research Organization's performance of the above
D-29

a)
b)
c)

d)

e)

obligations, the Research Organization shall perform certain actions including, but
not limited to:
Conduct and complete the Research Projects in accordance with the Collaborative
Research Plan.
Participate in the Research Presentation Meeting hosted by JAXA every fiscal year
in response to the request from JAXA;
Report on the Research Results and progress of research in the ResearchPresentation Meeting stipulated in the previous Paragraph, or submit in a written
form to JAXA by the day before the Annual Evaluation that JAXA implements every
fiscal year;
Deliver the reports as a report of all the Research Results obtained during the fiscal
year by the end of such fiscal year to JAXA. Furthermore, upon completion of theresearch period, the Research Organization shall report all the Research Results
obtained throughout the entire period of the Collaborative Research in the Final
Report and submit it to JAXA. In this case, the Research Organization does not needto separately submit an annual report for the final year of the term; andAlternatively may substitute the submission of a thesis published during the
Research Period for the submission of the report of Research Results.

Article 3. Finalization of the Contract
The Agreement shall become effective as of the date of the issuance of the Confirmation
Sheet prescribed by JAXA in response to an application by the Research Organization.
The period of the Agreement shall be the period described in the Confirmation Sheet
issued by JAXA.
Article 4.
Researchers
1. The Research Organization shall ensure that the Collaborative Researchers listed in
the Collaborative Research Plan to participate in the Collaborative Research.
2. JAXA shall allow those who are listed in the Collaborative Research Plan toparticipate in the Research Projects.
3. The Research Organization shall ensure that all the Collaborative Researchers
engaging in the Research Projects act in accordance with the terms and conditions of
the Agreement.
4. In the event that the Research Organization intends to newly select or add CIs, theResearch Organization shall first notify JAXA in written form in advance and obtainthe consent of JAXA for such personnel. The Research Organization shall takenecessary measures to cause such CI to follow the Collaborative Research
Agreement.
5. In the event that the PI dies, retires from the Research Organization, takes a leaveof absence from work, or comes to be no longer engaged in the Research Projects, theResearch Organization shall immediately notify JAXA as such and JAXA may at its
sole discretion terminate this Agreement; provided however, that if the Research
Organization designates a researcher who belongs to the Research Organization as
the PI's successor and JAXA approves the succession, the Parties may amend thisAgreement, with the succeeding researcher being a new PI. The terms andconditions of the amendment to this Agreement shall be determined upon mutual
consultation and consent.
Article 5.
Research Funding
Each party shall bear the necessary costs of fulfilling its own responsibilities under thisagreement.

D-30

Article 6.
Ownership of the Rights to the Acquired Equipment
Equipment acquired by each party in the course of the Research Projects shall be ownedby the party who purchased such equipment.
.
Article 7. Providing of Earth Observation Satellite Data by JAXA
1. JAXA will provide the Research Organization with the Earth Observation Satellite
Data for the Research Projects free of charge in accordance with Article 2,
Paragraph 1, a) subject to the following conditions:a) The Research Organization agrees and accepts that JAXA may not provide all the
Earth Observation Satellite Data which the Research Organization may request due
to rights restrictions of JAXA's equipment and resource limitations.
Note that the Advanced Land Observing Satellite data, which is one portion of the
Earth Observation Satellite Data required by the Research Organization and to beprovided to the Research Organization, shall be limited to ten scenes every fiscal
year;b) JAXA does not guarantee a specific quality or the timely provision of the Earth
Observation Satellite Data and does not take responsibility for the quality or any
delay of provision of such data; andc) JAXA reserves the right to curtail or suspend Earth Observation Satellite Data
supply to the Research Organization due to faults or difficulties relating to thesatellites, limitations on their operations, or any other reasons, and JAXA shall be
exempt from any responsibility for such curtailing or suspension.
2. With respect to the Earth Observation Satellite Data provided by JAXA, theResearch Organization shall:a) Not duplicate the Earth Observation Satellite Data except for the purpose of
backup. However, this excludes duplication for distributing to authorizedresearchers engaged in the Research Project as stipulated in Article 4 andsubcontractors stipulated in Article 4 ("Collaborative Researchers" collectively)
which are necessary for the Collaborative Research Project.
b) Not provide or disclose the Earth Observation Satellite Data which can beconverted back to the primary Earth Observation Satellite Data except to the PI;c) Only use the Earth Observation Satellite Data for the singular purpose ofadvancing the efforts of the Research Projects; andd) Return or otherwise appropriately manage the Earth Observation Satellite Data
upon completion of this Agreement, according to the directives of JAXA.
3. Any rights regarding the Earth Observation Satellite Data provided by JAXA shallconform to the following:a) Any rights relating to the Earth Observation Satellite Data provided by JAXA to the
Research Organization shall not be transferred to the Research Organization bysuch provisions. In terms of the intellectual property rights of the data, theResearch Organization shall follow instructions of JAXA.
b) Regardless of the preceding paragraphs, if value-added products, which refers tohighly processed products (data analysis or a combination of satellite data acquiredby different missions, image processing based on external information other thanthe original data, conversion to physical quantities, and so forth.) that are
irreversible to the primary Earth Observation Satellite Data, are developed by
Research Organization in the course of executing the Agreement, Research
Organization retains the intellectual property rights of such value-added products,
if RO’s copyright in such value-added products are acknowledged.
Article 8.

Providing of Meteorological Data by JAXA
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1. For the purpose of performing the Research Projects, JAXA will attempt to provide
the Research Organization with the Meteorological Data based on Article 2,
Paragraph 1, a).
2. Any rights relating to the Meteorological Data provided by JAXA to the Research
Organization shall not be transferred to the Research Organization by suchprovisions. In terms of the intellectual property rights of the data, the Research
Organization shall follow the instructions of JAXA.
3. The Research Organization may not disclose the provided Meteorological Data to
any third party except for Collaborative Researchers.
4. The Research Organization shall use the provided Meteorological Data solely for the
purpose of conducting the Research Projects.
5. The Research Organization shall return or otherwise appropriately keep theMeteorological Data in accordance with the instructions of JAXA upon thetermination of this Agreement.
Article 9.
Disclosure of Technical Data
1. For the purpose of performing the Research Projects, JAXA will attempt to provide
the Research Organization with the meteorological data provided by the Japan
Meteorological Agency pursuant to the agreement between JAXA and the Japan
Meteorological Agency ("Meteorological Data"). The Research Organization agrees
that JAXA's provision of the Meteorological Data may be limited or otherwise
affected by the fact that some rights to the Meteorological Data belong to the Japan
Meteorological Agency.
2. The Research Organization shall use the provided Meteorological Data solely for the
purpose of conducting the Research Projects. The Research Organization may notdisclose the provided Meteorological Data to any third party.
3. The Research Organization shall return or otherwise appropriately keep theMeteorological Data in accordance with the instructions of JAXA upon thetermination of this Agreement.
Article 10. Usage of Research Results
1. All Research Results obtained through the course of the Collaborative Research("Jointly-Owned Research Results") may be used for non-commercial and peacefulpurposes by the Parties (or by a third party including for JAXA or the Research
Organization) without prior consent of the other party.
2. With regard to copyrights in the Final Reports submitted by the Research
Organization to JAXA, JAXA may freely use, edit, copy, and distribute such reports.
In this case, the Collaborative Researchers shall waive any related moral rights tothe copyrights in the Final Reports.
Article 11. Ownership of Research Results
1. Both Parties shall solely own the rights of the Research Results only if JAXA or
the Research Organization solely generates such Research Results in thecourse of Research Projects.
2. The Parties shall jointly own the rights to the Research Results obtained
through the course of the Collaborative Research and the ownership of such
results shall be determined upon mutual agreement between the Parties,
taking into consideration the degrees of contribution by JAXA and the
Research Organization.
Article 12. Application, etc., of Intellectual Property Rights
1. JAXA or the Research Organization shall give the other party prompt written noticeD-32

of Intellectual Property Rights generated in the course of the Collaborative
Research, such as Inventions, Utility Models, and Creations, and discuss theownership of such generated Intellectual Property Rights, as well as whether it isnecessary to submit an application for registration of such Intellectual Property
Rights.
2. JAXA and/or the Research Organization shall take any necessary procedures for
any Industrial Property Rights owned by and/or held by each Collaborative
Researcher (including inventions, etc., jointly generated by such Joint Researcher
and JAXA or the Research Organization) to be transferred by such Joint Researcher
to JAXA or the Research Organization.
3. If JAXA or the Research Organization solely generates Potential Intellectual
Property Rights in the course of the Research Projects ("Solely-Owned Intellectual
Property Rights"), the party may take steps to apply for the registration of theresulting Intellectual Property Rights as solely-owned ones, provided that it shallobtain prior confirmation of the other party. In this case, expenses for application
and rights preservation shall be borne by the party solely holding the Intellectual
Property Rights.
4. In the event that the Parties jointly generate an invention, etc., and submit anapplication for Intellectual Property Rights to such invention, the Parties shallenter into a separate joint ownership agreement ("Joint Ownership Agreement")
and jointly perform submission of the application and other procedures according to
the Joint Ownership Agreement. In this case, expenses for application and rights
preservation shall be borne by both JAXA and the Research Organization inaccordance with the degree of ownership.
Article 13. Application of Intellectual Property Rights Overseas
1. Regulations of the previous Article shall apply to the case of application and rights
preservation of the Intellectual Property Rights in foreign countries.
2. In the event of an application of the Intellectual Property Rights jointly owned by
the Parties pursuant to Paragraph 4 of the previous Article, the Parties shalldiscuss whether it is necessary to submit an application for registration of such
Intellectual Property Rights.
Article 14. Utilization of Jointly-Owned Intellectual Property Rights
In case either of the Parties utilizes the Jointly-Owned Intellectual Property Rights,
such party shall obtain the consent of the other party in advance and pay a utilization
fee as set forth in the separate utilization agreement, except for the case stipulated in
Article 10.
Article 15. License of Utilization of Jointly-Owned Intellectual Property Rights to Third
Party
1. The Parties may grant to any third party a license to use the Jointly-Owned
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Intellectual Property Rights, provided, however that the relevant party shall obtain
the written prior consent of the other party, and determine the licensing terms after
discussion with the other party.
2. In the case of granting a license to use the Jointly-Owned Intellectual Property
Rights to a third party as in the previous Paragraph, the relevant party shall collectthe usage fee from such third party as set forth in the separate usage agreement.
The usage fee to be collected from the third party shall be distributed between theParties pro rata in proportion to their respective interests in those rights.
Article 16. Transfer of Interests to Jointly-Owned Intellectual Property Rights
1. The Parties may transfer their respective interests to the Jointly-Owned
Intellectual Property Rights generated in the course of the Collaborative Research
only to their respective designees after discussion between the Parties. Suchtransfer may be carried out pursuant to a separate transfer agreement. In this event,the Parties shall cause its designee to succeed to all of its rights and obligations withrespect to those Intellectual Property Rights.
2. If JAXA or the Research Organization disclaims its interests in the Jointly-Owned
Intellectual Property Rights, the relevant party shall give the other party priornotice thereof and transfer its interests to the other party, only if the other party
wishes to acquire it.
Article 17. Improved Invention
If JAXA or the Research Organization alters or improves the Jointly-Owned Intellectual
Property within one (1) year from the application for registration of the original
Jointly-Owned Intellectual Property Rights, the party shall provide a written noticewithout delay to the other party describing the alterations or improvements. Ownershipand other issues of the Intellectual Property Rights concerning the altered or improved
invention shall be determined through discussion between the Parties.
Article 18. Designation of Know-How
1. After mutual agreement by the Parties, JAXA and the Research Organization shallpromptly designate as know-how the Research Results which are appropriately to
be treated as know-how ("Know-How").
2. For designation of Know-How, a period during which the Research Results aredesignated to be Know-How shall be specified.
3. After designating the Know-How, such Know-How shall be kept in confidence inprinciple, for five (5) years commencing on the day immediately following the date of
the completion of this Agreement; provided, however, that JAXA and the Research
Organization may extend or shorten that period upon mutual agreement.
Article 19. Utilization of Facilities, etc.
1. The Parties may use facilities and equipment ("Facilities") of the other party free ofcharge with the prior consent of the other party if it is necessary for implementationof the Research Projects.
2. The Parties shall follow the rules and regulations of the other party in case of using
the Facilities of the other party.
Article 20. Installation of Equipment
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1. The Parties may, if necessary for implementation of the Research Projects, installnecessary equipment and other materials into the facility of the other party withthe prior consent of the other party. In this case, the party which installs such
equipment shall follow the rules and regulations of the other party.
2. In the event that JAXA or the Research Organization uses the materials, etc.,
installed by the other party (Installed Material), such party shall obtain the priorconsent of the other party and shall not use the Installed Material for otherpurposes than the Research Projects.
3. In the event that JAXA or the Research Organization loses or damages the Installed
Material, such party should immediately notify the other party of such fact
irrespective of the reason.
Article 21. Delivery, Storage, and Returning of Lent Equipment
1. The Parties may lend machinery or other materials to the other party if it isrequired for implementation of the Research Projects.
2. Upon delivery of the machinery or other materials ("Lent Equipment") lent inaccordance with the previous Paragraph, the owner of the Lent Equipment("Lessor") shall submit to the other party a Note of Delivery and the other party
shall submit to the Lessor a receipt.
3. The Parties shall confirm the items, amount, etc. of the Lent Equipment upondelivery of the Lent Equipment and if there is a shortage in the amount or any
defect (including ones whose quality and/or specification does not meet therequirements), JAXA or the Research Organization shall notify such fact to theLessor and receive an instruction from the Lessor.
4. JAXA and the Research Organization shall manage and use the Lent Equipmentwith the care of a good manager and should not use the Lent Equipment for
purposes other than the Research Projects.
5. JAXA and the Research Organization shall keep a record of usage and managementof the Lent Equipment to record the delivery, usage, and returning of the Lent
Equipment for the purpose of clarifying the condition of the Lent Equipment.
6. In the case of loss or damage to the Lent Equipment, JAXA and the Research
Organization shall immediately notify the fact to the Lessor without delay.
7. The receiving party shall notify the Lessor if any of the Lent Equipment becomes
unnecessary due to reasons such as completion, change, or termination of whole orpart of the Research Projects and shall take procedures to return the Lent
Equipment according to the instructions of the Lessor.
Article 22. Confidentiality
1. In this Agreement, "Confidential Information" means any information that
corresponds to any of the following:(1) Any information that includes documents classified "Confidential", any material
object such as a sample, or any information, either material or immaterial, which
JAXA and the Research Organization agreed to handle as Confidential Information
by a written agreement, obtained in the course of these Research Projects; and(2) Any information disclosed or distributed to the other party as Confidential
Information in the form of a document, a drawing, a photograph, a specimen, asample, a magnetic tape, a floppy disk, or the like for the purpose of the Research
Projects.
2. The Parties shall appropriately keep the Confidential Information secret, and shallnot disclose or divulge any Confidential Information to any party other than those
who engage in the Research Projects; provided, however, that any information whichcorresponds to any of the following is not included in the Confidential Information.
a) Information that is already known to the public when disclosed by the disclosing
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party;b) Information that becomes known to the public after the disclosure by the disclosing
party without intentional misconduct or negligence of the receiving party;c) Information that the receiving party already had before the disclosure by thedisclosing party;d) Information that the receiving party acquires from a duly authorized third party not
subject to confidentiality obligations;e) Information that the receiving party independently develops without utilizing
information obtained from the disclosing party;f) Information with prior written consent of the disclosing party for disclosure or
publication; org) Information that is required to be disclosed by applicable laws, judgment or order of
a competent court. In this case, the receiving party shall promptly notify thedisclosing party of the necessity of disclosure.
3. The confidentiality obligation under this Article shall remain effective for a period offive (5) years after the termination of the Agreement. However this period of
maintaining confidentiality may be extended or shortened by mutual agreement
between JAXA and the Research Organization.
Article 23. Publication of Research Results
1. The Parties may disclose or publish the Research Results obtained in the course of
the Research Projects ("Publication of Research Results") provided that such
publishing party follows the confidentiality obligations stipulated in Article 22.
2. In the case of the previous Paragraph, before publishing, JAXA or the Research
Organization ("the publishing party") shall provide the other party with a written
document regarding the description of the Research Results to be published andrequest the written consent of the other party. The other party will not
unreasonably withhold consent from the publishing party's request for such
publication.
3. The other party, upon receiving the notice, will request correction of the content of
the publication in written form if it is judged that such content includes a portion
which may lead to the loss of the future interest of the other party and the
publishing party shall consult with the other party about such portion. The
publishing party may not publish the portion which the other party has notified ashaving the possibility of resulting in the loss of the future interest of the other party
without the consent of the other party.
4. The Research Organization shall state in the publication that such Research
Results have been obtained pursuant to this Agreement and identify the owner ofthe rights to the Earth Observation Satellite Data and Meteorological Data used insuch publication.
5. The period during which the notification pursuant to Paragraph 2 is required shallbe one (1) year from the day following the day of termination of the Agreement.
However this period may be extended or shortened by mutual agreement between
JAXA and the Research Organization.
6. JAXA and the Research Organization shall provide the other party with a copy ofthe publication immediately after the disclosure or publishing of such publication.
Each party is entitled to an irrevocable and royalty-free right to use the provided
publications, unless the copyright of such publication is owned or held by anacademic society.
Article 24. Security
In the course of the Collaborative Research, the Parties shall take necessary procedures
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for maintaining order in the areas managed by each party, ensuring appropriate andsmooth operation of the research, and ensuring the protection (security) of important
assets and information.
Article 25. Termination of the Contract
1. The Parties may terminate the Agreement in any case that corresponds to any oneof the following. In such a case, the Parties agree to waive any claim against theother.
(1) Upon the consent of both JAXA and the Research Organization;(2) When the other party commits a dishonest and/or inequitable act; provided that thebreaching party fails to offer any effective and satisfactory remedial measures
within seven (7) days after receiving demands for corrective action from the harmed
party;(3) When the other party breaches the Agreement; provided that the breaching party
fails to offer any effective and satisfactory remedial measures within seven (7) days
after receiving demands for corrective action from the harmed party;(4) When JAXA determines that it cannot continue the Research Projects with the
Research Organization as a result of the Annual Evaluation stipulated in Article 2,
Paragraph 1, c).
(5) When the Research Organization loses a person who is engaged in the Research
Projects due to the reasons described in Paragraph 5 of Article 4, such as transfer of
the PI; and(6) Due to an unavoidable occurrence such as a natural disaster.
2. Upon the termination of the Agreement, the Research Organization shall promptly
deliver to JAXA all work including, but not limited to, all works in progress and all
work that is completed and otherwise ready for delivery.
3. The Parties shall waive any claim against the other if the Agreement is terminatedpursuant to Paragraph 1, Item 6 of this Article.
Article 26. Effective Term
1. The effective term of the Agreement shall be the period set forth in Article 3.
2. Termination of this Agreement shall not affect a Party's continuing obligation underParagraph 2 and 3 of Article 7 (Providing and Rights of Earth Observation Satellite
Data by JAXA), Paragraph 2 to 5 of Article 8 (Providing and Rights ofMeteorological Data by JAXA), Paragraph 3 of Article 9 (Exchange of Technical
Information etc.), and Article 10 (Usage of Research Results) through Article 16(Transfer of interests to Jointly-Owned Intellectual Property Rights) during theeffective period of rights set forth in each Article and Paragraph while Article 17(Improved Invention), Article 18 (Designation of Know-How), Article 22(Confidentiality)and Article 23 (Publication of Research Results)shall be effective
during the period set forth in each Article.
Article 27. Amendment of the Agreement
1. JAXA can amend the contents of this Agreement. In such a case, JAXA announces
the amended contents by posting it to the website operated by JAXA, and thereafter
the Agreement is handled based on the amended contents.
2. In the case the Research Organization has a legitimate reason for not agreeing withthe amendment of the previous paragraph, the Research Organization may
terminate the Agreement by notifying JAXA in writing within thirty (30) days fromthe date the amended contents were posted on the website.
Article 28. Governing Law
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The Agreement shall be governed and interpreted under the laws of Japan.
Article 29. Language
All communications between JAXA and the Research Organization under thisAgreement shall be either in Japanese or English.
Article 30. Consultation
In the event that any doubt arises with regard to provisions that are not included in theAgreement, it shall be resolved upon mutual agreement between JAXA and the
Research Organization as necessary.

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Attachment “Earth Observation Satellite Data”
Name of Satellite or Sensor
JERS(Japanese
Earth
Observation
Satellite)
ADEOS(Advanced
Earth
Observation
Satellite)
ADEOS-II(Advanced
Earth
Observing
Satellite-II)
ALOS(Advanced
Land
Observing
Satellite)
GCOM-W1(The Global Change Observation
Mission 1st-Water)
TRMM(Tropical
Rainfall
Measuring
Mission)Observation Period(YYYY/MM/DD)
1992/09/01~1998/10/11

Observable Area

1996/10/15~1997/06/29

Global2003/01~2003/10

Global

2006/05/16~2011/04/22

Global2012 Fiscal Year~

Global1997/12~Global (PR:Approximately
36°S-36°N. TMI andVIRS: Approximately
38°S-38°N)
GlobalGlobalAMSR-E
2002/06/19~2011/10/04(Advanced Microwave ScanningRadiometer for EOS-Aquasatellite)
GOSAT
2009/04/23~
Global(Greenhouse Gases Observing
Satellite)* GCOM-C1, ALOS-2, GPM and EarthCARE will be added by revision of theAgreement pursuant to Article 33 when provisions of data becomes available

D-39