MINISTRY OF CONSTRUCTIONADMINISTRATIVE FOR TECHNICAL INFRASTRUCTURE

KEYNOTE
Decentralized Wastewater management for Vietnamese Cities

Hanoi, 25 / 9 / 2019

Main ContentsI.

Legal framework on Decentralized Wastewatermanagement

I.

Decentralized Wastewater Treatment

I.

Recommendations on legal framework for
Decentralized Wastewater Treatment andManagement

I.

Conclusions

I. Legal framework on Decentralized
Wastewater management

Decentralized wastewater management issues is clearly statedin the legal documents below:- Decree No. 80/2014 / ND-CP dated 06/8/2014 of the Government on
Wastewater treatment and drainage (Article 23).
- Circular No. 04/2015 / TT-BXD dated 03/4/2015 of the Ministry ofConstruction on instructions to implement a number of updated articles ofDecree No. 80/2014 / ND-CP dated 06/8/2014 of the Government on
Wastewater treatment and drainage (Article 1).
- Decision 589 / QD-TTg dated 06/4/2016 of Prime Minister on theapproval of adjustments of the Vietnam urban and industrial areas
drainage plan to 2025 and vision to 2050 (Article 1, Article 3).

II. Overview of Decentralized wastewater
treatment

- Currently, the nationwide ratio of treated wastewater only about 13% of
total wastewater discharged.
- In urban areas, the isolated population clusters, military barracks,
markets, schools, hospitals, restaurants, services, small production units,... discharge wastewater that is different from the characteristic of domestic
wastewater and has no conditions for connecting to the sewer systemshould apply the decentralized treatment.
- Decentralized treatment has pros and cons:+ Pros: Ability to handle wastewater at site; big reduction for capital cost(primary collection system); can be re-used for agricultural production at
the urban fringe; easy operation and management with community
participation; suitable for suburban and rural areas; low cost.
Cons: can not treat all the wastewater discharged; decentralzied treatment
technology is suitable for each type of wastewater; high operation cost.

III. Recommendations to improve theframework for decentralized wastewater
management and treatment

Decentralized wastewater management- Wastewater and drainage planning: Decentralized treatment content shallbe mentioned from the planning of wastewater and drainage plans andprojects. This should give opportunities for investments to protect theenvironment and public health.
- Details on the selection criteria and application: Decentralized
wastewater treatment should be integrated with centralized system toensure the highest efficiency of environmental protection, limit theuntreated wastewater to the open water bodies and prevent environmentalpollution.
- Condition for design and investment in decentralized treatment plant

Decentralized wastewater treatment management- Sellection of decentralized treatment technology : Depends on
characteristic of wastewater and socio- economic conditions,environmental landscape, ...
- Assessment of wastewater influent and effluent- Standards and technical regulations- Organization and management of Decentralized systems: Owners,invester; operator; Source of financing- Scale up, future connection to centralized system, future technology

IV. Conclusions and recommendations

- There should be policy for management and support, instructions andsupport to Implement decentralized wastewater treatment.
- Vietnam is a developing country should encourage investment in theconstruction and application of technology of wastewater treatment
decentralization is very consistent with economic conditions which still
restrict the discharge of wastewater directly into the environment polluting
natural environment- Ministries, agencies and localities to focus on study, support and create
incentives for investing activities to build decentralized wastewater
treatment plants. Meanwhile to develop policy support to the decentralizedsystem to connect to the centralized system, or to discharge wastewater
directly to receiving water bodies when meet current regulation standards

- Financial support, capacity building for investment and construction ofdecentralized wastewater treatment.
- Propose a number of solutions in technology, economic- technical norms,
in line with the investment system for decentralized wastewater treatment
in Vietnam in general and and at localities.
- To implement ICT activities for the implementation of construction ofcollection systems, decentralized wastewater treatment and replicated withhigh efficiency.
- Raising the awareness of the people in the operation of decentralized
wastewater treatment.

MINISTRY OF CONSTRUCTIONADMINISTRATIVE FOR TECHNICAL INFRASTRUCTURE

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