FOCUS TECHNOLOGY GROUP
LOAD PULL

PULSED IV

MODELLING

www.focus-microwaves.com

WELCOME TO OUR WORLD
Focus Technology Group comprises Focus Microwaves Inc.,
Mesuro Ltd. and Auriga PIV Tech Inc. They are all Engineering andManufacturing Corporations based in Montreal, Quebec (Canada),
Cardiff, Wales (UK) and Merrimack, New Hampshire (USA).
Focus Microwaves is a pioneering engineering company, built
around the innovations of its founder Dr. Christos Tsironis, whodeveloped his first manual tuner in 1973, and is the inventor ofmost existing electro-mechanical tuner families. The success ofFMW is based on the engineering and manufacturing skill of its
highly motivated and experienced team of technicians and engineers, who have been trained and encouraged to develop newtechnologies as well as listen to and support our customers.

We offer standard and customized solutions for R&D andproduction testing as stand-alone hardware and fully-integratedsystems:■ Passive and active load pull (CW and pulsed)■ Harmonic, scalar, vector and time domain load pull
■ Wideband noise parameter measurements■ On-wafer turn-key solutions including vibration-free probestations and pre-matching bend-lines■ DC, Pulsed IV, S-parameter measurements using 3T and TRL
calibrations

From humble beginnings in 1988, FMW has become the main
supplier of advanced Load Pull and Noise Tuner Systems. Our
mission os to provide effective, reliable and innovative solutions
for non-50 Ohm testing (Noise and Load Pull) of RF and microwave transistors, thus enabling our customers to compete in themarketplace with better designs and to advance the understanding and knowledge of the field.

F o c u s Te c h n o l o g y G r o u p■ High precision and modular Pulsed-IV systems■ Active load pull, waveform engineering■ High speed wideband load pull
■ Nonlinear transistor models■ Measurement services

www.focus-microwaves.com

01

A WORD FROM THE CEO

I started this company expecting to sell a dozen tuners atbest. 25 years later, Focus has over 40 employees in four
countries and has sold over a thousand systems worldwide.
With the latest acquisitions of Mesuro and Auriga, our portfolio is stronger than ever, paving the way for a strong andgrowing future.

“In Montreal it snows alot. Perfect conditions tofocus on load pull.”Technical innovation has fuelled our product development
and has made us an industry leader in many technologies.
Our customers demands help us create most of our products and applications in this field. The result to date is over1200 Focus systems using close to 3000 automatic andwideband harmonic tuners.
Dr. Christos Tsironis, President and CEO

We have been serious about
Load Pull for over 25 years
First Tuner: 1988

02

F o c u s Te c h n o l o g y G r o u p

www.focus-microwaves.com

03V- band(50-75GHz) tunersystem

6 to 40GHz coaxial
tuner

Programmable
Harmonic
Rejection Tuners

Prematching®,
High VSWR Tuners
6,674,293

48 Issued, 24 Pending

04

F o c u s Te c h n o l o g y G r o u p

Minimum Losscoaxial Test
Fixtures (MLTF)
6,414,563

Synchronized®
Prematching, HighVSWR Tuners

True Differential
Load Pull system
and Tuners
Frequency
Selective Tuners
7,248,866

Electronic Tuner
0.8-3GHz

7,646,267

Four Probe four harmonic
MPT - QUATTRO
10-60GHz

Harmonic Active
Injection Load Pull
System HAILP

Differential Tuner
8-50GHz, 2-18GHz

8,212,628

9,213,056

EMI-Hardened
Tuner Technology

0.1 - 1.2GHz fast
programmabletuner

The Maximum
Reflection Tuner,MRT, with VSWR >200:1 (MRT-308)

Multi Purpose(harmonic) Tuner(MPT-60100),
10-60 GHz
Fast Wide-band
Noise Parameter
software NPEx 1.9

High precision
tuner load pullprobe station

1200V protected
pulse head(AURIGA)

15RAPID wideband
active tuning(MESURO)

20

1420

1320

1220

1120

10

8,188,816

20

2008

50GHz Multi
Purpose Tuner(MPT-50140)

09

8,203,348

2005
2004

03

7,135,941

Compact
Harmonic Tuner
MPT-Lite-C (Nano)

40-100MHz
programmable
tuner

06

The Multi-Purpose
Tuner concept

The autonomous
Tuner, Ingenium

207,102,457

2002
2001

Ultra Stable Tuners
for On-Wafer
operations

Bi-Harmonicprogrammable
Tuner for Fo, 2Foand 3F in a single
unit (Fo=4-9GHz)

6,850,076

6,297,649

United States Patents

2000

High Isolation
Manual Harmonic
Tuners for the PCS
frequency range

2099
1919971996

Ultra Wideband
Tuner System 1.6
to 50GHz

98

Broadband
millimeterwave coaxial
Fundamental andHarmonic Tuners

Active Load Pull
System (ALPS)

1995
1994
1993
1992
191991

W-band (75-110GHz) tuner system

Coaxial TRL
calibration kits up
to 18GHz, 26.5GHz
and 40GHz

Millimerwave
coaxialProgrammable
Tuner from 10 to65GHz

20INNOVATION TIMELINE

0.3-67GHz continuous
noise measurementsystem
High power 30/50GHztuner
19” rack mount Hybrid
Harmonic Load Pull
System 0.6-8GHz

www.focus-microwaves.com

05

OUR PORTFOLIO
Load Pull

Pulsed I-V

Behaviour Modelling

Accessories

Focus has the broadest portfolio of passive tuners. For frequencies from100MHz to 110GHz (and above) we use the slide screw technique (models
Multi Harmonic MPT, wideband (fundamental) CCMT, harmonic rejection
PHT), in which a reflective probe (slug) is inserted into the slot of a low loss
slotted transmission line (slabline or waveguide).

The 4th generation AU4850 Pulsed IV/RF Characterization System delivers
unparalleled performance; capturing measurements with incredible speed
and accuracy. Configurations include high speed mainframe with up to 6pulser heads ranging from high accuray ±20V, three different variations of
220V, two options of 600V and a 1200V head.

The Cardiff Model Lite is a third order formulation that allows the extensionof S-Parameters under Large Signal operation. It is a PolyharmonicDistortion (PHD) based behavioural model formulation, based upon theharmonic superposition principle.

RF design engineers need to fully characterize their low noise transistors
and MMIC’s over a very large frequency bandwidth. The result of thecharacterization is a set of four noise parameters (Fmin, Rn, Gamma-opt), thatallow the design of the highest sensitivity (lowest noise) amplifiers and receivers.
This is accomplished by controlling the source impedance presented to thetransistor using highly precise automatic tuners and retrieving the data from anoise receiver. Traditional noise receivers and VNA’s can be used.

The Cardiff model+ is a generalized solution using an Nth order ‘mixing’
parameter formulation and can be applied as a fundamental only modeor using the harmonic content and then easily extracted using the model
generation tool and used within the EDA simulation environment.

06

F o c u s Te c h n o l o g y G r o u p

www.focus-microwaves.com

07

RAPIDWIDEBAND FUNDAMENTAL TUNERS

Focus Microwaves’ RAPID digital tuner is the heart of a precision, high-speed, load pull device characterization system. The RAPID has been developed by Focus’ UK subsidiary MESURO and is suitable for every phase of the design
and production test cycle. This series of new digital tuner
products provide performance, reliability, and cutting edge
features for a reasonable cost. The RAPID series is compatible with the hardware and software of existing labs, thereby allowing users to easily upgrade their existing systems.

Focus Microwaves manufactures, since 1989, coaxial programmable (slide screw) impedance tuners from 100MHz
up to 67GHz. All tuners are LAN control and have an onboard processor, memory and firmware with interpolationand tuning capability. The iCCMT series is optimized forlarge bandwidth, high VSWR and RF power. Each tuner
contains one, two or three wideband probes, so-calledslugs, which cover different parts of the bandwidth and canbe inserted simultaneously or separately in the slabline, aslotted airline, to create high reflection.

The RAPID can be used as a standalone impedance synthesis and measurement system, or combined into a hybrid solution when paired with Focus’ MPT series harmonictuners. The passive tuners can be used to synthesize fixedharmonic impedances in a high speed fundamental active setup. With this modular configuration the user benefits from speed, increased tuning range for F0, CW, pulsed
and modulated signals while reducing cost and simplifying
the system.

08

F o c u s Te c h n o l o g y G r o u p

www.focus-microwaves.com

09

10

WIDEBAND HARMONIC TUNERS

LOW FREQUENCY TUNERS

Focus’ MPT series of wideband harmonic tuners simplifies and reduces the cost of highly complicated harmonicload-pull setups. Multi-purpose tuners (MPT) use three independent wideband probes, allowing independent control of the amplitude and phase of the reflection factor at
all three harmonic frequencies. The MPT can be used to
pre-match impedances at the fundamental and the harmonic frequencies

The patented Low Frequency Tuners (LFT) are a fraction of
the size large of equivalent CCMT slide screw tuners thatwould use transmission lines and capacitive probes (slugs).
LFT use three or more tuning sections connected in cascade. Each section includes a transmission line (cable) anda parallel plate (rotary) air capacitor connected to ground.
Proprietary software allows optimizing the size of the capacitors, the length of the cables and the number of tuning
sections in order to best cover the Smith chart over a givenbandwidth.

F o c u s Te c h n o l o g y G r o u p

www.focus-microwaves.com

11

PULSED IVBIAS-TEES

Auriga’s 4th generation pulsed IV/RF characterization system delivers unparalleled performance, capturing measurements with incredible speed and accuracy. Pulsed
IV (current-voltage) measurements have emerged as thepreferred method of capturing current-voltage characteristics of active devices such as field effect (FETs) and bipolar junction (BJTs) transistors. With the growing popularityof high-power devices, like GaN HEMTs, LDMOS, SiC, andgraphene, current and voltage requirements are constantly
being pushed higher and higher.

Auriga Bias Tees balance impressive RF performance withheavy-duty power handling across multiple frequency
bands ranging from 100MHz to 40GHz. They are designedfor rigorous usage without sacrificing RF performance.
Only the highest-quality materials are used to minimize
signal loss and enable efficient heat removal.

With these requirements in mind, Auriga Microwave hasdeveloped its next- generation Pulsed IV/RF Characterization System, the AU4850. The AU4850 is designed to meetthe ever-changing requirements of the device modelingcommunity. With its modular hardware design and powerful application programming interface (API), the AU4850
is poised to handle present and future pulsed IV requirements.

The highest-power bias tees include a fast-acting fuse toprotect DUTs against current spikes. A DC sense port isprovided for accurately measuring the incident DC voltage.
Bias tees requiring external heat sinking include pre-tappedholes for easy mounting.

The Pulsed IV System is also available as a Modular (MPIV)or as an Integrated (IPIV) solution. If you already have DCpower supplies, computers and digital oscilloscopes MPIV
is the most economic solution for you. The Focus Pulsed
IV capability (PIV) is also configurable to a Pulsed Load Pull(PLP) setup when a pulsed RF source and Peak power meter are included.

12F o c u s Te c h n o l o g y G r o u p

www.focus-microwaves.com

13CARDIFF MODEL LITE

CARDIFF MODEL PLUS

Non-linear measurement data has been exploited in various ways to create behavioral models for high frequency transistors. Formulations of these models have beendeveloped in the travelling wave domain with a desire torepresent nonlinear behavior of high frequency transistors.
Work demonstrated using the Cardiff Model, based on
PHD models, has shown that by considering higher ordermixing terms in the PHD formulation, a model can be developed that does not require the simulator to interpolate
between datasets for different fundamental and harmonicsource and load pull impedance measurements.

The Cardiff model+ is a generalized solution using an Nthorder ‘mixing’ parameter formulation and can be applied asa fundamental only mode or using the harmonic content
and then easily extracted using the model generation tooland used within the EDA simulation environment.
The Cardiff model + is a poly-harmonic distortion (PHD)
model. The ideal analyzing set is generated by varying
one parameter at a time and analyzing the effect on thefrequency components. Using a MPT tuner simplifies thecontrol of three independent impedances at the given frequencies and greatly enriches the model generated.

By carrying out fundamental-interpolation and harmonic-extrapolation on measurement data, the system cantake advantage of the intelligence of behavioral modeling.
Interpolation carried out on measurement data can reducethe density of impedance grids hence reducing utilization
time. Measurement systems that cannot achieve a highenough impedance termination at higher harmonics cantake advantage of harmonic extrapolation to achieve thesevalues.
The Cardiff Model Lite is a third order formulation thatallows the extension of S-Parameters under Large Signal
operation. It is a Polyharmonic Distortion (PHD) based behavioural model formulation, based upon the harmonicsuperposition principle.

14

F o c u s Te c h n o l o g y G r o u p

www.focus-microwaves.com

15

OUR CORE TEAM OF EXPERTS

16

Dr. Christos Tsironis

Vince Mallette

Bryan Hosein

Xianfu Sun

Dr. Tudor Williams

Linda Pajari

President & CEO
Director of Engineering

Director of Sales &Business Development

Director of Software &Joint Projects Development

General Manager
Focus Microwaves China

Engineering Manager
Mesuro Ltd.

Operations Manager
Auriga PIV TechF o c u s Te c h n o l o g y G r o u p

www.focus-microwaves.com

17

18

F o c u s Te c h n o l o g y G r o u pal
Our assembly team have very
high standards of quality andworkmanship. The core of thisteam has been in place for many
years and utilize the proper facilities, equipment, and knowledge
to accurately assemble and test
all of our products.

This is where the magic happens. Our highly skilled factory
trained technicians finalize theproducts by performing the finalalignement which takes the assembled mechanical component
and makes it a high performancetuner.

Our team is designed to handle
all of your company’s installation
requirements so you don’t haveto. We install, test and maintainvery simple to full turnkey system. All installations are deliveredby highly knowledgeable RF/uWengineers.

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aWe’re big advocates of onsite
training and we have more thanour fair share of experts willingto share their knowledge andexperience. As systems become
more complex, training on suchsystems is a must and allows theuser to benefit from all of ouryears of experience in this niche
industry.

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Utilizing advanced manufacturing technologies in CNC Milling, Turning, and Grinding, we
provide our customer base withquality machined components
and assemblies. Our onsite processes enables us to control themanufacturing process throughout the entire design to production process.

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Lead by our CEO, our team of RF
engineers have a vast expertise in
the design and development ofadvanced RF/uW products, more
specifically in load pull, noise
parameter and device model extraction. Product development
has been key to our success foryears and with over 40 patents todate innovation at Focus remains
the driving factor to creating industry leading products.

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ent

ratio

nFROM START TO FINISH

Focus Microwaves has been
known and appreciated for its excellent technical support backingup our systems worldwide. We
are strictly committed to providing in-depth load pull and noisecharacterization training, online
troubleshooting services, cost-effective and fast turnaround repair
service, customized software options and instrument drivers andmuch more.

Maintenance work is crucial inensuring our equipment runs
smoothly. We have multiple programs designed to help our customer. We offer both onsite andfactory maintenance programsfrom the most basic to the higher performing tuners we maketoday.

www.focus-microwaves.com

19

OUR OFFICES AROUND THE WORLD
Focus Microwaves Inc.
Head Office1603 St. RegisDollard-des-Ormeaux
H9B3H7, Quebec
Canada+1514 684 4554
info@focus-microwaves.com

Mesuro Ltd.
Pencoed Technology Park
Pencoed
CF35 5H7, Wales
United Kingdom

Auriga PIV Tech Inc.
30 Daniel Webster Highway
Ste. 3, Merrimack
03054 New Hampshire
United States of America

20F o c u s Te c h n o l o g y G r o u p

SALES OFFICES
Main Land China
Focus Microwaves Inc.
Beijing, China
Contact: Xianfu Sun
Cell: +86 130 3105 8998
xianfu@focus-microwaves.com

North America & Europe
Electrorent
Van Nuys, CA
Contact: Zacharia Ouardirhi
Cell: +1-514-629-0234
focusmicro@electrorent.com

Singapore, Thailand,Malaysia, Indonesia
Precision Technologies
Contact: Mr. Rick Tan
Tel: +65 6 273 4573
Cell: +65 9 658 5976
comms2@pretech.com.sg

Scandinavia
Ageto / MTT AB
Täby, Sweden
Contact: Mr. Martin Trossing
Tel: +46 8 446 7730
Cell: +46 73 447 23 11
martin@agetomtt.com

EuropeFocus Microwaves Inc.
Munich, Germany
Contact: Sajjad Ahmed
Cell: +49 173 2985 783
europe@focus-microwaves.com

FranceRichardson RFPD
Nanterre, France
Contact: Mr. Alain Bouvet
Tel: +33 1 41 32 15 50
Cell: +33 6 40 46 78 63
abouvet@richardsonrfpd.com

JapanAmTechs Corporation
Tokyo, Japan
Contact: Mr. Isao Ejima
Tel: +81 3 5450 5311
Cell: +81 9030 642276
ejima@amtechs.co.jp

India
Elkay Electromech India
Bangalore, India
Contact: Mr. Harry J. Peechatt
Tel: +91 80 434 09250
harry.p@elkayindia.com

Italy
LP Instruments S.r.l.
Milan, Italy
Contact: Mr. Franco Parroco
Tel: +39 02 4840 1713
Fax: +39 02 4840 1852
franco.parroco@lpinstruments.it

Taiwan & Hong Kong
STEP Electronics (Taiwan) Ltd.
Taipei, Taiwan
Contact: Mr. Albert HuangTel: +886 2 2506 7451
Cell: + 86 9101 93748
stepmw@ms3.hinet.net

TurkeyPartner HTF Elektronik
Izmir, Ankara, Turkey
Contact: Mr. Fatih Ince
Tel: +90 312 472 9267
Cell: +90 532 651 9165
faith.ince@partnerelectronic.com.tr

IsraelRichardson RFPD
Ra’anana, Israel
Contact: Mr. Shlomi Gazit
Tel: +972 3 9203433
Cell: +972 54 4989876
sgazit@richardsonrfpd.com

South Korea
YESCO
Seoul, Korea
Contact: Mr. JG Park
Tel: +82 31 876 90 97
Cell: +82 10 5457 8955
yesco@yangsys.com

Auriga PIV-Tech EuropeHiTech
Maarssen, Netherlands
Contact: Olaf Biezeman+31 346 566024
olaf.biezeman@hitechbv.nl

www.focus-microwaves.com

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F o c u s Te c h n o l o g y G r o u p

www.focus-microwaves.com

Focus Microwaves, Inc.
1603 St. Regis
Dollard-des-Ormeaux
H9B3H7, Quebec
Canada+1 514 684 4554
info@focus-microwaves.com

F o c u s Te c h n o l o g y G r o u p