1

Table of contents

Greetings

p. 3

Minutes of the 14th Annual Meeting in Valenciennes

p. 5

Programme of the 15th Annual Meeting in Salamanca

p. 7

Abstracts of the Papers, to be presented at the 15th Annual Meetingp. 10

Practical Workshop for Overseas Librarians on Early Japanese Books

p. 26

EAJRS Chairman
Prof. Dr. Willy Vande Walle
Catholic University Leuven
Japanese Studies
Blijde-Inkomststraat 21
B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
Phone+32-16-32 49 48
Fax+32-16-32 49 32
willy.vandewalle@arts.kuleuven.ac.be
EAJRS Secretary
Paul Wijsman
Center for Japanese and Korean Studies
University of Leiden
P.O.Box 9515
2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands
Phone+31-71 527 25 40
Fax+31-71 527 22 15
p.l.wijsman@let.leidenuniv.nl

EAJRS Newsletter No. 12
Ed. by Paul Wijsman, Leiden University, Center for Japanese and Korean Studies© EAJRS – European Association of Japanese Resource Specialists

2

Greetings

This Newsletter no. 12 is presented to you at the occasion of the opening of the 15th conference of theEuropean Association of Japanese Resource Specialists. The foundation workshop of the EAJRS was held
in Berlin in October 1989. Our organisation is fifteen years old, and is reaching slowly but steadily the ageof adolescence (for the sake of my metaphor I am skipping puberty). The first conference I attended was theone held in Berlin in 1991. I particularly remember our visit to the Staatsbibliothek Preussischer
Kulturbesitz in (the former) East Berlin section of the city and my personal visit to its West Berlincounterpart. Especially the East Berlin library left a deep impression on me. On the one hand I was appalledby the endemic dearth of resources the institution had evidently been suffering from. She had virtually nobudget, so that it was bound to rely on the exchange of books. As it turned out, many of the books that were
exchanged, were state-sponsored publications sent from some people’s republic, not always the kind ofbooks scholars really needed. However, on the other hand, I was also charmed in a strange sort of way by
the nostalgic mood that pervaded the building. It was like stepping into a time machine, and entering
another age, the age when the Kaiser himself, holding a resounding speech on the majestic flight of stairs,
inaugurated this stately building. Its former grandeur had paled, and it was coated in the patina of age andmaterial deterioration, because maintenance was long overdue. The contrast with the modern librarybuilding in West Berlin could not have been bigger. There I found an abundantly stacked library, with animpressive budget and expert staff.
That was thirteen years ago, and what we saw was like the snapshot of a turning point in time. It was thepast and the present in terms of library resources. Since that time however we have moved into the future.
Fifteen years ago the ICT revolution had just started to make itself felt in the world of library resources.
Today, it has changed the equation completely. Never before have we been so inundated by the supply of
information. It is largely ICT that has made this explosion of information possible, while at the same time itis only ICT that provides the means to control and manage that cornucopia of data. It is constantly creating
itself: autopoiesis.
The fall of the Berlin Wall drew our gaze towards Eastern Europe. The new political situation dramaticallywidened the prospect for increased accessibility of the rich resources that had been laying dormant for solong in that part of Europe. A few of the former conferences of our association have since been held in
Eastern European cities to draw our attention to the existence of their rich resources and give a boost to theirfurther exploration. At the same time, there remains a considerable amount of work to be done in Western
Europe. A case in point is the Iberian Peninsula, where rich repositories of resources are to be found, which
the worldwide community of Japanologists is insufficiently aware of. We hope that this conference will goa long way in acquiring a clearer picture about their locations and content.
As resource specialists we find ourselves in a somewhat contradictory position. While we are struggling tokeep the wealth of resources manageable, devising ever more sophisticated means to secure systematicaccessibility, we pursue our search to uncover new repositories, thus only adding to the mountain of data. It
is only a seemingly contradiction however, for we are witnessing the gradual weaving of a Net of Indra,
where every node reflects all other nodes in the net. More and more collections, as well as new findings arebeing incorporated into databases, and eventually, without our noticing it, we will have at our disposal anintegrated worldwide network of Japanese resources. At least that is what we hope, for on the horizon signsof restriction and controlled access to electronic data are casting a long shadow.
If there is any truth in the dictum of medieval philosopher Alain de Lille “Omnis mundi creatura quasi liber
et pictura” (every creature is like a book or a picture), we should not neglect visual materials. Already lastyear in Valenciennes we subscribed to that conviction by choosing as our theme “Japan in images”. Our
main aim was to turn the spotlight on the early photographical production in Japan by both Westerners andJapanese. But our focus should not stop there. Works of art and crafts may be admired for their aesthetic
qualities, but they are equally rich in information, and thus important as sources that tell a story. Last year, aconference of Japanese art and crafts curators of European museums was held in Bonn. This year a followup conference has just been held between 7 and 9 September in Prague. The aim of the conference is tocreate an electronic database network for common use, which will ensure a quick means of communicationand cooperation among Japanese and European art museums dealing with Japanese arts and crafts. The
network will have to define ways of incorporating or making accessible individual databases of museums in
3

Europe and in Japan. It should include both ethnographical and art objects of Japanese provenanceregardless of the time of their origin.
This is indicative of a new orientation to gradually incorporate documentary sources and material sourcesand objects into an integrated study of resources. Especially when it comes to the study of the history ofscience and material civilisation, it is important to take into account not only books, manuscripts and otherrecords, but equally indispensable are instruments, utensils and tools. This awareness to attribute moreweight and importance to works of art and crafts, objects and instruments is a recent trend. That written
documents are all-important when it comes to political or economic history is self-evident, but even in thehistory of science and technology, historians have had the tendency to adopt a similar attitude and neglected
the material testimonies. Objects were relegated to a subsidiary role. Recently however, we have witnesseda reappraisal of these instruments and utensils as accurate and concrete sources about scientific andtechnological civilisation. Reflecting this new outlook, the National Science Museum of Japan has taken thelead in a major project starting in 2001, which aimed at laying the foundation of a comprehensive study of
all resources pertaining to the history of the science and technology of the Edo period, drawing on bothmaterial and documentary sources. This project, which has been christened Edo no monozukuri and which
includes many scholars and curators from universities and museums throughout Japan, has been funded bya major grant from the Japanese Ministry of Education and Science. Thus it would appear that documents,
works of art and crafts, as well as instruments, utensils and objects are coming together in one central
stream that will be tapped by researchers from the various fields and from all countries in the world.
Since the project for a Union Catalogue of Early Japanese Books in Europe was launched at the British
Library Colloquium in 1988, a good number of catalogues and databases have become available, although
Europe is still lagging far behind in comparison with Japan. Some of the proposals made at the subsequent
founding workshop of the EAJRS in 1989 have been completed, other have been subsumed in morecomprehensive projects. If we are to single out one, none has probably been more been beneficial than
NACSIS. New projects keep appearing, such as the newly launched Nihon kanbungaku kenkyū no sekaiteki
kyoten no kōchiku project, a project, which has been awarded COE status by the Japanese Ministry of
Education and Science. Its ambition is the construction of a database catalogue of resources for
kanbungaku. It is going to investigate repositories and collections in Japan, the US and Europe.
As has been mentioned repeatedly in previous Newsletters, funding by the Japan Foundation has been avital prerequisite to the activities and the survival of our association from the very beginning of its
existence. Although in my greetings in Newsletter No 11, I expressed doubts about the continued financial
support from the Japan Foundation in the future, we have had confirmation of financial support for thisyear’s conference. When we look at the calendar of upcoming conferences posted by the International
Institute of Asian Studies in Leiden, we notice that they come in all colours and sizes, but I am always
reassured to see that our association seems to have a unique mission, duplicated by no other. It is vital that
we keep pointing out the unique character and irreplaceable contribution our association is making to theworld of Japanese Studies.
Looking back to the Valenciennes conference of last year, I am sure to represent everyone’s feelings when I
say that it was both a congenial and most fruitful exchange of ideas and knowledge. I hope that the 15th
conference will likewise be a very stimulating and rewarding experience .The conditions to realise thisexpectation are all in place, for our host, the Centro Cultural Hispano-Japonés of the University of
Salamanca, has been very cooperative and helpful in providing us with all necessary facilities. We owe a
particular gratitude to its Director Prof. Antonio Lopéz Santos, Mr. Nobuo Yajima and Prof. Alfonso Falero.
We wish you a stimulating conference.
W.F. Vande Walle, Chairman

4Minutes of the general meeting of the EAJRS closing the 14th conference of the EAJRS at
Valenciennes.
1. Approval of the minutes of the 13th conference held in Paris, September 2002.
We can find the minutes of the Paris conference in the Newsletter 11. Are there any omissions additions orcorrections to be made?
No reaction from the audience is noted. The minutes are therefore approved.
2. Financial situation of the EAJRS and rules for funding.
At the Paris meeting Peter Pantzer dwelt on the rule for funding. The general rule is that those who can get
funding from their home institutions are not eligible for reimbursement from the Association. Those whoare in need of funding, because they do not receive any support from their home institution, or at least notenough, can apply for partial reimbursement of expenses incurred. They have to apply to the chairman andare eligible for reimbursement of up to 50 percent of the expenses incurred. In principle reimbursement
could only be repeated for three consecutive years. Beyond that, we can continue reimbursing someone elsefrom the same institution, but not the same person. Besides, as a thumb rule, priority goes to those who
make a presentation, and to participants from Eastern European countries.
This year there are no participants from the former Eastern European countries. This is to be regretted and is
attributable to several reasons. The first one is that the EAJS conference at Warsaw was a competitor forour conference. The next reason no doubt is that we have not expressly and individually solicited
participants from Eastern Europe. In order to remedy this problem, and certainly in view of the location of
the venue of next year, we intend to launch our calls for papers earlier than last year, and expressly state in
the announcement that people who are in need of financing can apply to the chairman for partial refunding.
Of course identifying prospective participants, especially prospective contributors, is a tough job. We arestill new in the business, and we cannot know where interesting collections are still hidden away, or where
an expert is wasting in oblivion. The chairman therefore calls upon all participants to make suggestions as
to which institution would be interesting for us to invite. We also need to widen our mailing list, possibly
asking the European Association of Japanese Studies for their mailing list, and send our call for papers to allmembers, so that our reach is much further. If you do all this, we reach a considerably larger body ofprospective participants and this will hopefully include persons from Eastern Europe. We also need toincrease participation from the Mediterranean countries.
3. Appointment of a new treasurer.
The problem of the treasurer has already been dwelt upon in the former point of the agenda. We will now
wait until the account is fully cleared, expected to happen at about the end of November, and then hopefully
to start with a new slate and with a new treasurer.
4. Definition of membership.
The definition of membership that is current in our association is that everyone who has attended theconference at least once is a member, and is therefore entitled to receiving the newsletter. In the past there
have been times that membership fees or participation fees were being charged, but somewhere along theway the practices was abandoned. We have two conflicting views on the merits of charging membershipfees.
5. Confirmation of the Board.
The Board now consists of the following members:
Mr. Koyama Noboru, Morimura Etsuko, Peter Pantzer, and Mrs. Izumi Tytler, Bruce Lambert, Paul
Wijsman, Willy Vande Walle, and Nobuo Yajima.
6. Venue of next year's conference, local organiser and central topic of the conference.
5

Professor Yajima from Salamanca university has expressed his willingness to organise the conference next
year at his home university. He is very eager to organise the conference because the time is right. The
faculty of philosophy at Salamanca is starting a Japanese Studies program as of next academic year, a four
year licentiate in Japanese Studies, reputedly the only such diploma in Spain. Professor Yajima says that theconference will be construed as a boost for the fledgling Japanese studies programme.
7. Possible extension and reorganisation of the EAJRS.
This point is somewhat overstated. Paul has heard rumours that the participants to the conference held afourthnight ago in Bonn and Königswinter are interested in joining our association. This conference wasorganised by Joseph Kreiner and assembled about 20 art historians and curators of museums. They do nothave an organisation and would apparently like to have an organisation where they can meet and exchange
ideas. Hamish Todd remarks that originally art historians and curators of museums were also targeted by
our association, and Peter Pantzer confirms this. He also notes that in the past some of the presentations
were devoted to art, and that the excursion certainly during Matti Forrer’s time was also often directed to amuseum or something that had to do with art.
8. Nacsis-Webcat Union Catalogue of Japanese Books in European Holdings.
Izumi Tytler makes a proposal. The Nacsis Webcat union catalogue has now been developed into a GreatBritain union catalogue of Japanese books. Her proposal purports to set up a union catalogue of Japanesebooks for Europe. This would actually become an autonomous branch split off from the Nacsis Webcat
union catalogue. All she needs is the permission of the responsible persons in each of the European
Japanese libraries that have joined Nacsis Webcat. With these permissions she will secure from the Nacsis
Webcat union catalogue in Japan the permission to define this European union catalogue. It is a simple
technical switch, doesn't require any effort or money from the European libraries who will have given theirpermission. The merit basically is that the hits to appear on screen are then limited to European locations.
This would drastically reduce the number of items related to topics that otherwise would produce hundredsof hits on the Nacsis Webcat catalogue. This of course would be a first step towards a further integration ofan European online catalogue, which subsequently will also have to include smoother interlibrary loans andthe agreements on purchase strategies of expensive multi-volume books, as presently practised by the NCC
United States.
9. Organisation of a commemorative exhibition on the occasion of the centennial of the demise of Lafcadio
Hearn. Proposal to set up a Yōroppa no dejitaru Nihon kankei kojashin dêtabêsu.
Two proposals made by Dr Joseph Dubois. There is little animo for the proposal of the Lafcadio Hearn
exhibition. The EAJRS is prepared to give its moral support and to act as an intermediary to facilitate apossible initiative. The second proposal is a huge undertaking. It first and foremost requires as a preliminary
step the identification and discovery of the photographs in European possession, private and public
collections, and next the work of photographing them. This cannot be done by any institution in Europe andwill require a heavy investment from a Japanese institution. The chairman is prepared to talk about this
proposal to the Nichibunken but cannot go any further than that. Sebastian Dobson is presently involved indigitising the collection of the Japan Society of London which has a collection of about 2000 photographs.
This may be considered as a test case for the venture proposed by Dr Dubois, which reputedly would
involve the digitising of about 80.000 photographs. Sebastian Dobson who is presently involved in thedigitising the 2000 photographs of the Japan Society London is prepared to give a report on the progress of
his work next year at Salamanca.
10. Report from the secretary.

6The 15th Annual Conference, Salamanca, September 22-25, 2004
Programme
Wednesday 22 September
16.00 Registration
The conference takes place in the Centro Cultural Hispano-Japonés.
17.00
Opening
Greetings by a representative of the Universidad de Salamancaby Ms M. Irikura, Cultural Affairs, Embassy of Japan, in Madridby Prof. Dr. Willy Vande Walle, Catholic University of Leuven, chairman of the EAJRS.
(Presentations are made in English or Japanese, indicated by the capitals E or J respectively)
17.30-18.00

Koyama Noboru (Cambridge University Library)
Early Japanese diplomats in Madrid: Inagaki Manjiro and others [E]18.00-18.30

Takagi Kayoko (Universidad Autónoma de Madrid)
スペイン語による日本古典文学資料 (Classical Japanese Literature Resources in
Spanish) [J]

18.30-19.00

Nakamura Sumiko (National Institute of Japanese Literature, Tokyo)
Recent research in Japan on Cantar de Mio Cid and Heike-monogatari from a comparative
literature perspective [E]19.30

reception (being negotiated)

Thursday 23 September
Special session: “Japan and Spain: Resources for Study”

10.30-11.00

Alfonso J. Falero (Universida de Salamanca)
The History of Japanese Studies in Spain [E]Missionary Period Documentation
11.00-11.15 Ana Hernández (Archivo General de Indias, Sevilla)
Resources for Japanese History in AGI (E trans.: R. Vega)
11.15-11.45

Donato González (Monasterio Santo Tomás, Avila)
Basic Japanese Sources in the Archives of the Dominican Province of Our Lady of the
Rosary in Avila (E trans.: M. Ruiz)

11.45-12.00

Nagase Yumi (Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea/University of the Basque Country)
Japan in the Spanish Catholic Mission Journals (1914-1923) [E]

Recess12.30-12.45

Orii Yoshimi (Tokyo University)
Fray Luis de Granada and the Jesuit printings in 16-17th century Japan [E]7

12.45-13.00

Pilar Garcés (Universidad de Valladolid)
Recent Publications on the Art Collection of the Oriental Museum and Historical Documentsof the Jesuitic Missions Found in Several Libraries of Valladolid [E]13.00-13.30

J. Mª Cabeza / Jose M. Almodóvar (Universidad de Sevilla)
Japanese Studies in Andalusia: a Derelict Legacy for the 21st Century? [E]Evening Session (18.15-20.45)
Documentation on the Arts & Crafts
18.15-18.30 Pilar Cabañas (Universidad Complutense de Madrid)
La Fonda de España as an Example of the Artistic Relationship between Spainand Japan [E]18.30-18.45

Muriel Gómez (Universidad Oberta de Catalunya)
The Japanese Collection at the Museo Etnológico de Barcelona: the Look of an European on
Mingei Undō [E]18.45-19.00

Elena Barlés /David Almazán, D. (Universidad de Zaragoza)
The Far Eastern Art Collecting in Spain
Monograph from Artigrama magazine, n. 18, 2003 [E]Documentation Projects
19.00-19.15 Óscar Lilao (Ancient Library, Universidad de Salamanca)
Resources on Japan in the General Library of Salamanca University (E trans.: C. Iglesias)
19.15-19.30

Yokoyama Yoshinori (Historiographical Institute, Tokyo University)
An Introduction to the Research Project on the Japanese documents in the European
Countries by the Department of Historical Documents of NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF
JAPANESE LITERATURE (NII) (1997-1999) [E]

Recess20.00-20.30

César de Prado (United Nations University)
Recent Evolution of East Asian Study Resources in Spain [E]20.30-20.45

Olivia Martínez (Universidad de Alicante)
On Japanese Poetry translated in Spain [E]21.00
The traditional dinner at the traditional restaurant

Friday 24 September

10.30-11.00

W.F. Vande Walle (Katholieke Universiteit Leiden)
The classification system for the Japanese books donation to the University ofLouvain/Leuven. [E]

11.00-11.30

Koseki Tatsuya (Foreign Materials Acquisitions Division, National Diet Library)
Collaborative Reference Database Project of the National Diet Library of Japan [J]11.30-12.00

Yamanaka Hideo (Tenri University, Nara)
Analysis of catalogue records of Early Japanese books in NACSIS-CAT [E]8

Recess
12.30-13.00

Yokota-Carter, Keiko (East Asia Library, University of Washington)
Japanese electronic archival resources [E]

13.00-13.30

Egami Toshinori (Kyoto University Library)
Rare Materials Exhibition -- Kyoto University Digital Library [E]Evening Session (18.00-20.45)
18.00-18.30

Hans Coppens (Katholieke Universiteit Leuven)
Streamlining Resource Management and Research Publishing by means of Open Content
Management Software [E]18.30-19.00

Yamamoto Takeo (National Institute of Informatics, Tokyo)
Digital archive research and development at NII [E]19.00-19.30

Uzawa Kazuyuki (National Institute of Informatics, Tokyo)
NII Contents Services [J]Recess20.00-20.30

Dorota Roz-Mielecka (Far East Department, National Museum, Wrocław)
Igarashi suzuribaka in the collection of the National Museum in Wrocław [E]20.30-21.00

Sachié Noguchi (Columbia University, New York)
Letters from Japanese literary authors: a special collection of the C.V. Starr East Asian
Library, Columbia University [E]Saturday 25 September
10.30-11.00

Anzai Kunio (Waseda University)
The creation of a popular constitution and its background: the process toward a constitutional
system in modern Japan) [J]

11.00-11.30

Alexander Kabanoff (St, Petersburg)
Ainu Materials in the Collection of Nikolai Nevsky [E]11.30

The Annual Meeting of the EAJRS

Afternoon excursion to the Museo de Arte Oriental in Valladolid.
Please note: In all likelihood we will also be able to bring a visit to the central library of Salamanca
University. Prof. Antonio Lopes Santos, direct of the Japanese Spanish Center and our host, may be able toarrange a visit in the afternoon, when we do not have sessions. We could probably divide theparticipants into three groups to visit the Library on consecutive afternoons. The Library cannot take too
many people at a time, for that would raise the ambient room temperature. Further details will follow.

9Abstracts of the papers, to be presented during the 15th Annual Meeting of the EAJRS.
Early Japanese diplomats in Madrid: Inagaki Manjiro and others using resources forJapanese studies available from the internet.
KOYAMA Noboru
Cambridge University Library
In 1868 (Meiji 1), the Treaty of Amity, Commerce and Navigation was signed between Japan and Spain andthe treaty was enforced from the next year and the diplomatic relations between Japan and Spain in modern
times started in 1869 (Meiji 2). However, there was no Japanese Legation in Madrid until it was set up in1900 (Meiji 33) and also there had been no resident Japanese minister in Madrid until Akabane Shiro(1855-1910) started to take his post in 1901 (Meiji 34).
After the Sino-Japanese War (1894-95), Taiwan fell under Japan's rule in 1895 and Spain which had
controlled the Philippines became Japan's neighbour, bordering on the Philippine Archipelago. Kurino
Shin'ichiro (1851-1937), Japanese Minister in Rome negotiated with the authorities of Spain and signed theTreaty of Friendship and General Intercourse between Japan and Spain in Madrid in 1897. Also Kurino
strongly recommended the setting up of the Japanese legation in Madrid. After Akabane (the first Japaneseminister in Madrid), Inagaki Manjiro (1861-1908), Arakawa Minoji (1857-1949), Sakata Jujiro (18691919), Hirosawa Kinjiro (1874-1828), Ota Tanekichi (1880-1956), etc. took the post of Japanese minister in
Madrid. Akabane, Inagaki, Sakata died in Madrid while in office.
Resources for Japanese studies have recently become more available from the internet. Among them, there
are very useful services for overseas researchers and librarians, such as Japan Center for Asian Historical
Records, National Archives of Japan (Kokuritsu Kobunshokan Ajia Rekishi Shiryo Senta) and Digital
Library from the Meiji Era (Kindai Dijitaru Raiburari) from the National Diet Library (Kokuritsu Kokkai
Toshokan). From the former, we can acquire original resources for historical studies including diplomatic
history and from the latter, we can gain the full text of Japanese books published from Meiji period. For thestudies of early Japanese diplomats in Madrid and the early part of the diplomatic relations of modern
period between Japan and Spain, I would like to check what kind of resources are available and how far
those services are sufficient for research.

スペイン語による日本古典文学資料 (Classical Japanese Literature Resources in Spanish)
TAKAGI Kayoko
Universidad Autónoma de Madrid
スペインにおける日本研究は米、英、仏、独、オランダ等の欧州諸国と比較して大きく立ち遅れている。こうした現状を歴史的、文化的立場から分析し、スペイン語による日本関係書籍がどのような概観を示しているかを、まず観察する。次に、物語り文学の端緒を切った 1010『竹取物語』のスペイン語訳は１９９８年に出版されたが、それに引き続く博士論文『竹取物語、
日本記述文学におけるフィクションの誕生』の研究活動を通して実際に参考とした文献の紹介と問題点を検討し、報告をおこなうこととする。

10

Recent research in Japan on Cantar de Mio Cid and Heike-monogatari from a comparative
literature perspective
NAKAMURA Sumiko
National Institute of Japanese Literature, Tokyo
The topic in this year is “Japan and Spain : Resources for Study”, then I selected two literary works as areport on this meeting, namely “Cantar de Mio Cid”, the most famous heroic epic (Cantar de gesta) in
Spain and “Heike—Monogatari”, the most famous war tale (Gunki—monogatari) in Japan.
“Heike—Monogatari” had already made a comparative study with “Chanson de Roland”the oldest heroic
epic (Chanson de geste) in France and “Nibelungenlied”the heroic epic (Heldenlied) in Germany since
several decades. But it is only about ten years since a few scholars started to make a comparative study
with “Heike—Monogatari” and “Cantar de Mio Cid”.
I will report the research situation up to now, possibly including another heroic epic.

The History of Japanese Studies in Spain
Alfonso J. FALERO
Universidad de Salamanca
A brief overview is offered of the whole history of studies related to Japan in Spain. it is a long history, butintermitent. the missionary period presents a very good start full of possibilities but thwarted all
too soon. a second period opens during the sakoku in Japan, where missionary-grounded texts are still
produced. then Japanism comes in from Europe, making a solid ground in Spain too. the first Spanish
generation of Japanologists is quite late compared with Britain, and centers around the 50's - 90's of lastcentury. Japanese Studies properly speaking are starting in Spain at this very moment. Universities
curricula are proof thereof.

Resources for Japanese History in AGI (trad.: R. Vega)
Ana HERNÁNDEZ
Archivo General de Indias, Sevilla- Philippines: Spanish bridge to Orient- The Spanish administation in the Philippines- The documents and their custody in AGI- Apendix: Listing of documents related to Japan en AGI

Basic Japanese Sources in the Archives of the Dominican Province of Our Lady of the
Rosary in Avila
Donato GONZÁLEZMonasterio de Santo Tomás, Avila
After making a brief presentation of the origin, formation, contents, classification and location of theArchive, I proceed to a consideration of the archival resources relative to Japan, during the two periods ofthe presence of the dominicans in this country, and which are contained in the 29 volumes dedicated to thissection. for a better understanding of this task, I differentiate between two classes of files: those which
include one single document, and those which are integrated by multiple documents numerated orderly. In
both cases the titles which express the contents of the corresponding documentation are consignated.
11

Consequently some printings of a special interest for Japan are mentioned also as well as some collections
which include information and articles of a varied cultural and religious nature, referring this country.
Finally, as a conclusion, several lines on the Japanese art objects hall in the Museo de Arte Oriental of theRoyal Monastery of St. Thomas in Avilas are added.

Japan in the Spanish Catholic Mission Journals (1914-1923)
NAGASE Yumi
Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea/University of the Basque Country
It is intended in this paper to assess the potential for investigation into the image of Japan contained within
the Spanish Catholic Mission journals (1914-1923), which are housed in the seminary in Vitoria (Álava),
the library of the Mercedarian Missionaries of Bérriz (Vizcaya), and in the library of the Dominicans, theOrder of Preachers, in the Monasterio de Santa Catalina de Siena (Madrid). This collection was made withparticular attention given to those Orders which attended to the development of evangelistic works in Japan
during the decade in question.
The Spanish Catholic Mission journals were founded as a result of increasing mission fervour in nineteenth
century Europe. While it began in 1840, having as its reference the French missions’, the Spanish Mission’s
activity didn’t reach its peak, nor were its journals founded, until the outbreak of the Great War in 1914 - a
war in which Spain remained neutral. Although, once having founded, the Mission journals attained a wide
propagation in Spain. Japan, on the other hand, following the beginning of its international relations during
the Meiji Restoration, had appeared suddenly on the world stage as an unique extra western power with her
surprising victory in the war against Russia (1904-1905). It is in this way that the evangelistic aspirationsof the Catholic Church and her interest in Japan, made manifest by the Spanish missions, coincided with thetimely rise of Japan as an emerging power.
For the purpose of investigating the image of Japan in the Catholic Spanish Mission Journal at the
beginning of the twentieth century, we evaluate the interest of these resources on the following three
aspects: 1) as a primary source of information related by the specialists on Japan (i.e. the missionaries) who
lived in and investigated the society on which they wrote; 2) as one of the Church’s influential means of i)disseminating mission propaganda and, ii) collecting from the Faithful both spiritual and economic
offerings in the form of prayers and alms which maintain the mission; and 3) as a very important medium informing the images of Japan and the Japanese among readers of these journals.
In this historical and philological context, we will analyze the journals under the following criteria: 1)
relative importance given by each journal to information about Japan; 2) forms and relative size andcategory of the articles on Japan; 3) relative importance of each topic relating to Japan; and 4) chronologicaldistribution of the number of articles.

Recent Publications on the Art Collection of the Oriental Museum and Historical
Documents of the Jesuitic Missions Found in Several Libraries of Valladolid
Pilar GARCÉS
Universidad de Valladolid
The aim of this paper is to investigate in the historical documents found in different libraries of Valladolid
and the art collection of one of the most important museums in Spain on oriental art. On one hand we willshow the two catalogues, already published and edited by Blas Sierra, the director of the Oreintal Museumof Valladolid, and a third catalogue (still in print by the same author and editor) with a more complete andaccurate information on the collection of the museum. In addition to this we will show two pieces ofnamban art (now on exhibition in the Museo de las Ferias in Medina del Campo). On the other hand we will
12

make a brief introduction about the documentation of the missions of the Jesuits in Japan found in several
libraries of Valladolid.

Japanese Studies in Andalusia: a Derelict Legacy for the 21st Century?
J. Mª CABEZA/ Jose M. ALMODÓVAR
Universidad de SevillaThis contribution roughly presents the situation of studies centred on Japan in Andalusia and Sevilla (Southern Spain). Historicalbackground is referred in some detail and past efforts are distinctly identified. The actual situation is discussed and finallyprospect for the future with the aid of other Institutions and experts involved is sought-for.

Andalusia and especially its former metropolis of Sevilla had played a monumental role in the Iberian quest
for Asia from the 16th century. As a natural port of Southern Spain, its safer location in the banks of the
Guadalquivir river, offered fertile ground for exchange and trade with peoples frequently carried by
Spanish vessels to and from all over the world, often to the distant lands of America, Japan, Macao and thePhilippines. The arrival in 1614 of Date Masamune’s embassy from Sendai is only one outstanding exampleof this fruitful relationship.
After the newfangled division of the Iberian Peninsula with the fall of the Habsburg dynasty, many of the
Asian routes fell into decline and only the Acapulco connection usually termed “Galeón de Manila” resisted
the ebb until the 19th century.
With a haphazard final surrender of the Philippine Islands to the United States of America, the dream of
Asia was completely forsaken and when a modern culture, based on research and knowledge of the world
was established, Asian affairs had become almost a curiosity in Andalusia and were no longer subject toofficial academic scrutiny or investigation, unlike for instance Arabian and American issues.
Around the beginning of the 1980s, some heroic efforts were produced to overcome this rather unfair
fracture in History, pioneers of acculturation, mainly some returning Jesuits (Professor Fernando G.
Gutiérrez amongst them) and other times, Japanese expatriates like the late Professor Nagakawa R., or
female splendid researchers like Emeritus expert in the Philippines Prof. Lourdes Díaz-Trechuelo Spinola,
conspicuously and alone struggled with prejudices and lack of understanding to inscribe Japanese and Asian
cultures back again in the Spanish picture of the world.
One of their enduring creations was the Department of Japanese at the Language Institute of the University
of Sevilla, another was the planted seed of young researchers that introduced Japanese culture and Society
in the University Syllabus.
Our research team at the School of Architecture is one of such cases, having deserved attention and credits
from prestigious Japanese Institutions like the Japan Foundation, and organizing conferences and symposia
in coordination with the local Architectural Research Association (FIDAS) in a unique initiative within
Spain and perhaps Europe, to acknowledge and update the Japanese values in Art and foremost in
Architecture and Design, to a professional avail.
Nonetheless we would like to mention other thriving initiatives like the Association for the Research on
Japanese Haiku, wedged around the young figure of Professor Vicente Haya but painstakingly tutored withthe mastery of Professor Fernando R. Izquierdo and perhaps some other interesting projects.
Those groups have experimented high to moderate success in their activities and there is clearly an
increasing demand for Japanese and Asian studies. However some serious uncertainties for the futureremain and there is also a long inner and outer path to be walked upon.
The aim of this presentation will be to expose the actual situation, define strategies to tackle the observed
constraints and find proposals, counselling and sponsorship for a hopeful 21st century developments.
13

La Fonda de España as an Example of the Artistic Relationship between Spain and Japan
Pilar CABAÑAS
Universidad Complutense de Madrid
This topic presents the relationship with the Japanese art in Spain at the end of the 19th century and the20th. the author uses this building in Barcelona as an example. This relationship was always indirect,
through the material that arrived from Paris.

The Japanese collection at the Museo Etnológico de Barcelona: the look of an European
on Mingei Undo
Muriel GÓMEZ
Universidad Oberta de Catalunya
The Japanese collections in Barcelona's Museum of Ethnology (MEB) are especially noteworthy for theirrich variety of modern and contemporary objects. Most of the pieces are utilitarian objects made ofearthenware and pottery, but there are also many other types of artifacts taken from daily life. Unlike otherJapanese collections in Europe, MEB's highlight Japan's way of life during the '50s and '60s. They also
provide the museum visitor with an unusual opportunity to understand Mingei Undo, a movement that was
at once aesthetic, religious and philosophical, and that grew out of a reaction to Japan's process ofindustrialization. This important movement triggered renewed creative activity in Japan's popular art forms.

The Far Eastern Art Collecting in Spain
Monograph from Artigrama magazine, n. 18, 2003
(History of Art Department, University of Zaragoza)

Elena BARLÉS BÁGUENA & David ALMAZÁN TOMÁS
Universidad de Zaragoza
The History of Art Department of the University of Zaragoza decided to dedicate the monograph of its
magazine Artigrama (n. 18) to the study of the Far Eastern Art Collecting in Spain. Such decision was not“an opportunist sign of exoticism”, but an answer to a consolidated tradition of the studies about Eastern Art
in that Department. This interest in Far Eastern Art has its origin in the figure of professor Federico
Torralba, who is specialist in the matter and pioneering introducer of this subject that, at present, takes partin the planning of studies of the History of Art degree of the University of Zaragoza as an obligatory
subject. Federico Torralba was also the director of the doctoral thesis of t Sergio Navarro, related to theJapanese engraving, which is the beginning of an investigation line that now is in full development thanks
to the studies of the professor Elena Barlés and the assistant teacher David Almazán, as the research carriedout by a large group of doctorate students, under the supervision of the mentioned teachers. The studies
about Eastern Asia in our country have experienced a great upturn lately and have caused a huge interest
among specialists and general public. This led the editorial office of the magazine Artigrama to consider
that it was the right moment to gather the most prominent specialists in Eastern Art in Spain to offer ageneral view of the Far Eastern artistic wealth in the public and private Spanish collections. In this way, themonograph has studies of general nature that mean to draw the historical context, cultural and artistic of therelations between Spain and the Far Eastern world and give a panoramic view of the Spanish Collecting ofEastern Art, specially the Japanese Art. Besides this general part, the monograph includes more specificstudies dedicated to some of the most important collections of our country (Federico Torralba in theMuseum of Zaragoza, the Eastern Museum of Valladolid, the Ethnologic Museum of Barcelona, theCollection-Foundation Rodríguez Acosta, the García Gutiérrez Collection in the Royal Academy of Fine
14

Arts of Santa Isabel in Seville, etc…); and the phenomenon of the collecting of some concrete artistic
expressions from the East (such as Japanese lacquers and Chinese Porcelain).
Content of the monographLights and shadows in the Historiography of the Japanese Art in Spain (Elena Barlés Báguena, U. of
Zaragoza)This article means to draw up the evolution of the knowledge and study of Japanese Art in our country fromthe moment that Spain and Japan established their first contacts in the middle of the XVI century until now.
This work gathers the main contributions of everyone from Spain that have approached and written about
this matter; the most important publications or works in Castilian language that have allowed our society toincrease their knowledge of Japanese Art; and the initiatives taken from several instances that havefacilitated and driven forward the development of the academic studies and scientific works about the Art inJapan. All of these are analysed inside of a historic context where the relations between Spain and Japan
have been fluctuating
The seduction of East: The influence of Far Eastern Art in Spain (David Almazán Tomás, U. of Zaragoza)
The interaction between the cultures of Asia and the West is one of the most significant events in world
history. The arrivals of Chinese arts and crafts in the seventeenth century worked no transformation in
European art; rather, the imports were themselves transformed beyond recognition into a part of a languageof exotic ornament (Chinoiserie). In the nineteenth century Japanese influence was decisive. Japan’s impact
on Western artistic creativity redounded in the so-called phenomenon of Japonisme.
A view of the Japanese Art Collections in Spain (Pilar Cabañas Moreno, U. Complutense of Madrid)
This article aims to give a global idea of Japanese collecting in Spain through history. It is interesting tohave a view of its historical environment and development as far as Portugal and Spain were the first
countries to arrive to the Japanese Islands. They had of commerce in that area for nearly a century themonopoly, but the merchandises never arrived directly to Spain. It was always through Mexico or Lisbon.
Later this relationship with Iberian countries was replaced by Holland, and it was not until the second halfof 19th century when the relationship was re-established. Today the Japanese art and Japanese objects in
Spanish Collections are very scattered. They were mainly gathered at the end of the 19th century and the
beginning of the 20th, and in a second period of interest, during the second half of the 20th century.
The Eastern Art Collection Federico Torralba in the Museum of Zaragoza (Federico Torralba, Miguel
Beltrán, Elena Barlés, Sergio Navarro Polo and Juan Ulibarri, U. of Zaragoza, Museum of Zaragoza, DGA)
The “Eastern Art Collection of Federico Torralba”, with more than one thousand pieces among sculptures,
paintings, pictures, engravings, lacquers, potteries and Chinese and Japanese porcelains (and other countries
such as Korea, Thailand, Tibet and Nepal) constitutes, with its specialized library (containing more than2000 books), one of the most significant collections deposited in The Museum of Zaragoza. This was
possible by virtue of the Successor Agreement between the Gobierno de Aragón and Mr. Federico
Torralba.This work shows the collection from the collector’s point of view and the explanatory synthesisthat The Museum of Zaragoza gives. Also, the administrative process of the incorporation of this collection
to the Gobierno de Aragón wealth is explained, and then an artistic valuation of the collection and its roll in
the context of the institution that accommodate it.
The Eastern Art Collection in the Royal Academy of Fine Arts of Seville (Fernando García Gutiérrez, The
Royal Academy of Fine Arts of Seville)
At the end of 2002, The Royal Academy of Fine Arts of Seville placed in one of its main halls the Eastern
Art Collection of China and Japan, donated permanently and finally by the Society of Jesus. This collection
belonged to Fernando García Gutiérrez, Jesuit father and specialist in Japanese Art and it represents many
years of contact with The East throughout his life, especially with Japan. Over a hundred Chinese andJapanese pieces make up this collection which includes works from the XVII, XVIII, XIX and XX
centuries, such as paintings, sculptures, potteries, hard stones, silversmith’s craft, engraving, Ukiyo-e, etc- “Museo Oriental”: chinese japanese and philippine art in Valladolid (Blas Sierra de la Calle, "Museo
Oriental" of the Royal College of the Augustinian Fathers, in Valladolid)
The "Museo Oriental" of the Royal College of the Augustinian Fathers, in Valladolid, has his origin in thepresence of the Augustinian Order in the Far East since 1565. Founded in 1873, the new exhibition rooms
were solemnly open by the King Juan Carlos I and the Queen Sofía in 1980. It is located in a neoclasicbuilding designed in 1759 by Ventura Rodriguez. From his big collections, actually are open to public
exhibition 14 rooms: seven with chinese art, two with japanese art and five with philippine art. The
chronology of the works of art goes from the VI century b.C. to the XIX century. This museum is the bestcollection of far eastern art that exist in Spain.
15

The collector painter. Rodríguez Acosta and his view towards the Asiatic Art (Isabel Cervera, U.
Autónoma of Madrid)
The painter José María Rodríguez-Acosta (1878-1941) built his studio and intellectual retreat El Carmen in
the first quarter of the XX century next to the Alhambra, in the city of Granada. This place keeps acollection of works from several cultural areas of Asia (Burma, Cambodia, China, Tibet, India, Japan and
Thailand) that the Andalusian artist recollected under a common denominator: the relation of the pieces
with the different religious ways of the Asian continent. The Buddhism, Taoism, Confucianism, Shintoism
and Hinduism and their devotional traditions constitute the track of the Rodríguez-Acosta’s Collection. The
collection profile corresponds more to an ethnographic feeling than an artistic one and shows a determinedview towards the no-European forms.
- Minguei or the Art of the people. The Japanese Collections of the Museu Etnològic of Barcelona (Muriel
Gomez, U. Barcelona)
The Japanese collections in Barcelona's Museum of Ethnology (MEB) are especially noteworthy for theirrich variety of modern and contemporary objects. Most of the pieces are utilitarian objects made ofearthenware and pottery, but there are also many other types of artifacts taken from daily life. Unlike otherJapanese collections in Europe, MEB's highlight Japan's way of life during the '50s and '60s. They also
provide the museum visitor with an unusual opportunity to understand Mingei Undo, a movement that was
at once aesthetic, religious and philosophical, and that grew out of a reaction to Japan's process ofindustrialization. This important movement triggered renewed creative activity in Japan's popular art forms.
Collecting and collections of Far Eastern lacquer in Spain from the Namban Art period till 20th century(Yayoi Kamamura, U .of Oviedo)
Since the start of the Maritime Route to East, the lacquer of Far East, urushi, occupied a high rank among
the exotic oriental goods which arrived to the Iberian Peninsula through the port of Lisbon. The
collectionism of the members of the Habsburg family during the 16th and 17th Centuries had a lot ofinterest in Japanese lacquer. The lacquer pieces of the namban period in their collections took part of thecreation of "cabinet of wonder", and also, "relic chamber" in the convents of royal foundation. During the18th Century, the collectionism of lacquer work joined with the chinoiserie boom, and the bay of Cadiz
became a traffic and commercial hub of these goods. In the Contemporary Age, because of the opening
policy of the Japanese new government (1868-), the Universal Expositions such as that of Barcelona (1888)
in Spain, played a key role in dispersing Japanese art, which promoted, again, the collection fever ofJapanese lacquer work.
The Far Eastern Art Collecting in Spain: Chinese Porcelain (Carmen García Ormaechea, U. Complutensede Madrid)
One of the most important sections of the Far Eastern Art collection in Spain is the Chinese porcelain, due
to its abundance, antiquity and varied typology. Nevertheless, the technical quality in some of the pieces ismediocre or the decorative virtuosity results excessive but not enough to reduce the artistic interest of thecollections.Among the numerous Spanish collections of Chinese porcelain, it’s necessary to remark the
public collections, although some private ones are superior in antiquity, quality and typology (these private
collections will not be mentioned in this text out of the consideration for the owners’ privacy). First of all
the National Wealth ones, specially the collections placed in The Royal Palace of Madrid and in La Granja
de San Ildefonso Palace in Segovia; and the following are the missionary orders that are equal or more
important thanks to their antiquity, as the Augustinian order in Valladolid or the Dominican order in
Avila.The objective of this article is to state to the Spanish reader the value of the porcelain from its
Chinese aesthetic (radically different from our view of Chinese porcelain which tends to consider thesepieces merely as “decorative arts”) using some of the best pieces of the Spanish public collections tofacilitate its comprehension.

Resources on Japan in the General Library of Salamanca UniversityÓscar LILAO
Archivist of the Ancient Library of Salamanca University
After a brief historical presentation to help the audience grasp the process through which the present
collection of Salamanca's University Library has been created, the files are described, where several texts ofinterest for Japanese Studies have been found. an analysis is made of the collections of manuscripts, papers
16

in general, and printings where those texts are located. and a few notes are offered on the contents and thepossible interest each of the commented item may have.

An Introduction to the Research Project on the Japanese documents in the European
Countries by the Department of Historical Documents of NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF
JAPANESE LITERATURE (NIJL) (1997-1999)
YOKOYAMA Yoshinori
Historiographical Institute, Tokyo University
This introduction aims to give an overview of a research project on the European archives and libraries
which keep the historical documents concerning Japan. The project was promoted by the Department ofHistorical Documents of NII Shiryo-kan and supported by the Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)(2)
1997-1999. NII Shiryo-kan had already accomplished a similar project on the English archives and libraries
in 1995-1996. These two projects were the part of the international activities of NII Shiryo-kan.
NII Shiryo-kan was founded to survey and investigate the condition of the Japanese archives and records
from the viewpoint of archival science. Today it is known that the Japanese documents are not only indomestic institutes but also in foreign countries. So NII Shiryo-kan has planned to survey the location ofthese documents and to publish the information about them for a long time. Because the complete
investigation should be done by the long-term research of the national research institute, this project was
designed as a pilot project and necessarily had some limits as following;(1) 8 countries in West Europe
As a result of the antecedent project on UK, it was understood that there are a lot of the Japanese documents
in Europe. So the project selected 8(9) countries to research. They were the Netherlands, Germany, France,
Italy, Vatican City, Spain, Portugal, Belgium, (and UK).
(2) Definition of “Japanese Documents”
In this project “Japanese Documents” includes the documents relating to Japan as well as those originatingfrom Japan.
(3) Two research methods(a) Overview survey
This is to describe the condition of fond (record group) level of the documents.
(b) Contents investigation
This is to describe the item level in detail. (b) was used only for the archives in the Netherlands.
Hereinafter, I abstract the results which I wrote for myself from the project report.
1) The Netherlands
Bibliotheek en Informatiedesk (Ministerie van Buitenlandse Zaken)- Archive of the Netherlands Forces Intelligence Service (NEFIS)NEFIS was founded as Marine en Leger Inlichtingendienst in 1942 at Melbourne (Australia) in order tofight against the Japanese Occupation of the Dutch East Indies. NEFIS archives include the documents
between 1942 and 1949, which are catalogued by P. L. Groen, Voorloopige inventaris van het archief vande Netherlands Forces Intelligence Service / Centrale Militaire Inlichtingendienst (NEFIS/CMI) 1942-1949,
Den Haag, 1993. According to this voluminous catalogue, the archive consists of two major parts. They are
the documents in Australia (1942-1945) and in the Dutch East Indies (1945-49). In the latter part, there area lot (more than 4000?) of “Japanese Documents” as “Buitgemaakte documenten(seized documents).” These
documents were kept and controlled by the fifth division of NEFIS. Each document has a data sheet (NEFISDOCUMENTATIE AFDEELING V, GELEIDEBRIEF) which shows the origination of the document.
These sheets were listed in the above-mentioned inventaris.
- Archives of the Netherlands Legation/Embassy in Japan (1923-1941) (1946-1954) (1955-1964)
The archives of the Netherlands Legation/Embassy in Japan (1924-) are still kept in the Ministry of Foreign
Affairs. The archive between 1870 and 1890 is now transferred to the National Archives in The Hague. It is
probable that the archives from 1891 to 1923 might be destroyed by the great earthquake in 1923.
17

After WW II, the US was reluctant to admit other nations to expediter the mission to the occupation ofJapan. In order to solve the quarrels about the East Indies, the US allowed the Netherlands Mitilaire Missie
to join the occupation force in 1946.
The normalization of the diplomatic relation between the Netherlands and Japan in 1952 changed thisMissie to the Embassy. The Ministry for Foreign Affairs instructed in 1969 the Netherlands Embassy totransport the archives 1946-1954 to The Hague. The Ministry circulated the instruction again in 1974 tocollect the archive of the second division (i.e. non political archives) and the Embassy sent them in 1975. At
that time the Embassy sent a list of secret documents (Dossierlijst Archief Ambassade, TOKIO (JAPAN)GEHEIME STUKKEN, 1955-1964). According to this list, you will find the files concerning the Korean
War and the activities by the Japanese communists.
See G. J. Lasse, Inventaris van de archieven van Gezantschap te Japan 1923-1941 (den Haag, 1990).
- Archive of the Netherlands Consul General in Kobe (1868-1941) (1945-1954) (1955-1964)
Het Nationaal Archief- Archive of the Head office of the Netherlands Handelmaatschappij (NHM, Dutch Trade Company)
2.20.01
In 1994 the National Archive finished cataloguing the archive of NHM. “Japanese Documents” in NHM
archive is not well known in Japan. A voluminous amount of the archive needs further investigation.
- Papers originating from the family Bik 2.21.024
Peter Albert Bik was a chief of the Dutch Factory in Nagasaki from 1841-1845. Papers relating to P. A. Bik
include a lot of drafts which are found in the famous archive of NFJ (Nederlands Factorij Japan) and private
letters from relevants (ex. von Sieblod).
- Collection of the family papers Fabius 2.21.061
This collection was made by A. N. Fabius, archivist of the family association, and donated to the Nation
Archive in 1961/1963. G. Fabius (1806-1888) was known as a naval commandant who taught thenavigation to the Japanese officers in Nagasaki. So he was called as “the father of the Japanese Navy.”
2) France
Les Archives Nationales- Archive Mitsubishi 34 AQ (Centre des Archives du Monde du Travail)This is the documents of the branch at Paris of the Japanese enterprise, which was engaged in the trade of
the armament, pearls and rubber. It was seized in 1944 and contains the process-verbals of theadministration board and of the general assembly, correspondence, and bookkeepings.
- Archive Banno 33 AQ (Centre des Archives du Monde du Travail)This is the documents of the Japanese trading company, seized in 1944. Correspondence and bookkeepings.
Bibliothèque Nationale de France- Departement des Manuscripts Division Orientale
See, K. Kosugi, ‘An inventory (draft) of the Japanese old books of 18th-19th centuries collected by the
National Library in Paris’, Nichiran Gakkai Kaishi(bulletin of the Japan-Netherlands Institute) vol. 17(1),1992.
- Carte et Plan
The Hydrographic Charts made and collected by the Navy were transferred in the room for Carte et Plan in
the National Library. In the collection, there are several charts showing the Japanese sees. According toPortefeuille 178 (I-Ca, SHM), the charts relating to Japan were classified into 4 division in the Navy.
Division 1: Royaume du Japon, Cartes Générales 1-31
Division 2: Royaume du Japan, Cartes Particuliers 1-81
Division 3: Ports et ville du Japon (Nagasaki) 1-250
Division 4: Iles d’Jeso, des etats et terra de la compagnie 1-13
Les Archives des Missions Etrangères de Paris
The “Japanese Documents” (1840-1930) kept by the Missions Etrangères amount to 20000 pages. The
twelve inventories of the documents relating to Japan are
No. 568 Japon (1844-1860), 569 Japon (1839-1872)
No. 570 Japon/Japon Méridional (1873-1876/1877-1884)18

No. 571 Japon Méridional/Nagasaki (1885-1887/1888-1905) 571A Nagasaki (1906-1927) 571B Fukuoka(1928-1948)
No. 572 Japon Centre (1888-1925) 572A Osaka (1906-1928)
No. 573 Japon Septentrional (1877-1900)
No. 574 Tokyo (1901-1905) 574A Tokyo (1906-1920)
No. 575 Hakodate (1891-1905) 575A Hakodate (1906-1931)
No. 576 Japon/Tokyo/Hakodate
Bibliothèque Municipale, Ville de Lille- Collection of Léon de Rosny
Rosny was the first Professor of the Japanese language. The Japanese books of the collection were
catalogued by Korniscki, La Bibliothèque Japonaise de Léon Rosny, 1994. Besides books, the collection
has his several notes for Japan and the Japanese literature.
Les Archives Départementales de la Loire- Papiers Thomas Hutter (1809-1879) 45 J 14
Georges Hutter, son of Thomas Hutter, visited Japan in 1868. He corresponded with his family at that time.
The letters to his father are kept in this papers.
- Archive of the company of Forge et Aciéries de la Marine et des Chemins de Fer (1880-1920) 55 J 116117
The company intended to develop the trade with Indochina and Japan in 1880s. Especially it wanted to sell
the military plant to the Japanese Government. For this end, the company made several contracts with thetrading companies in Paris and in Japan. These contracting papers are an important part of this archive.
Service des Archives, Chambre de Commerce et d’Industrie de Lyon
Two general series of the archives of the Chamber, are Procés-Verbal d’assemblées (1702-) and Compte
Rendu de Travaux (1846-). In these reports, there are many issues concerning Japan. For example, Silk
imported from Japan and China, Silkworm Seeds imported from Japan, Revolution in Japan, Visit to Lyon
of Outrey, French minister in Japan, etc.
Antoine BALAY- Papers relating to Verny
F. L. Verny was known as the founder (1865-1876) of the Yokosuka arsenal. His unarranged papers kept by
Mr. Balay had been packed in two trunks. According to Prof. Herail, the papers were originally in hand ofanother descendant, who was not interested in the papers. It is said that other descendants may have a lot of
relating papers. Mr. Denys Barau, who arranged and microfilmed the papers in the “archives
départementales de la Loire”, gave me the provisional list of the microfilms of the papers.
Mi43: Relations of families and friends
Mi44: Stay in China (1863-64)/Stay in Japan (1865-1876)
Mi45: Stay in Japan
Mi46: Stay in Japan
These films are able to be consulted in the archives of Loire.
3) Italy
Guida Generale degli Archiv di Stato Italiani 4 vols, Roma is an extensive guide of the Italian archives.
Archivio Storio Diplomatico, Ministero degli Affari Esteri- Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Kingdom of Italy (Ministerio degli Affari esteri del regno d’Italia)(1861-1888)- Treaties (Tratti) (1861-)- Series Politics (Serie Politica A) (1888-1891)- Series Politics (Serie Politica P) (1891-1816)- Series Politics (Serie Politica) (1916-1930)- Series Political Affairs (Serie Affari Politici) (1931-1945)
The Italian Archives of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs are hardly used in the study of Japanese History inJapan. For detailed list which I wrote for the project report is very long, I don’t quote it here. What I want to19

emphasize is that the Italian Government watched carefully the international relations and domestic
problems of Japan in the first half of the 20th century.
4) Spain
Archivo General de la Administración (AGA)- Legation of Spain in Tokyo, Vice-consulate in Kobe and Yokohama (1860-1952) No. 52
As a general rule, the Spanish ministerial archives are to be kept in the archives of ministry (Archivo
General del Ministerio) for the first 20 years. From the 21st year, the archives are transferred to AGA andkept there for 25 years furthermore. Therefore the Spanish diplomatic archives are divided into two
institutions. The one is AGA, and the other is the archives of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. According to
the AGA guide “Sección de Asuntos Exteriores – Instrumentos de Descripcion”(unpublished), you will findthe above-mentioned fond. But this includes the archives of the legation in Tokyo and the Consulate in
Kobe only between 1930 and 1940 (79 files). About other documents before 1930, nothing is known in
AGA.
Archivo General de Indias
The electronic catalogue is available. The retrieval by word “japon” returns the list of keywords. Eachkeyword links to the file description which includes the same keyword. As a result,fond : section V Government (gobierno)
series : Filipinas
has several files concerning Japan.(6, 18b, 19, 20, 329, 330, 340)
5) UK
United Kingdom Hydrographic Office (UKHO)- Hydrographic chart
All the charts kept in UKHO are microfilmed.
- Archive of UKHOThe archive of UKHO is not to be transferred to the Public Record Office (ADM). UKHO keeps its records
for itself. The guide of its records is Ministry of Defense, A Provisional Catalogue of logs, journals,
documents, letters, recordcopies of books and pamphlets… (Somerset, 1974). Main Series of the records
relating to Japan are as following;
F series [letterbooks] containing the instructions from the Hydrographer to the surveyors in the Japanesewaters,E series [incoming letters] containing the reports from the surveyors to the Hydrographers,
V series [view albums] containing the original handwritten views and photos of the Japanese ports andstraits, andC series [original documents] containing the drafts for China See Directory.
UKHO keeps also manuscript charts presented by the surveyors to the Hydrographer. In these charts, there
are the charts drawn by Broughton, Hall, Belcher and Ward.

Recent Evolution of East Asian Study Resources in Spain
César DE PRADO
United Nations University
There has been a important growth in the amount of resources on Japan and Asia-Pacific in Spain, first withindividual initiatives, and more recently with the help of the Spanish government. I published in 1997 theguide-book "Oriéntate en Oriente; guía es estudios, trabajo y vida en Asia-Pacífico", that collected all
information available till then. In the period 2000-2002 there was an electronic newsletter and website of
the Spanish Association of Pacific Studies. In the meantime, the universities were getting ready to launch
university studies on East Asia, now building more materials. To facilitate it, Casa Asia in Barcelona as
launched a portal "Casa Asia Virtual" with all kinds of resources, has soon become the main portal in
Spanish on Asia-related topics, and has provided some backing for the development of other resources in20

academia. Yet, much could be improved in Spain regarding the amount of content, its linking with Spanishand other partners.

On Japanese Poetry translated in Spain
Olivia MARTÍNEZ
Universidad de AlicanteThis is the first approach to an overall assessment of the Japanese poetry translated in Spain, up to thepresent. A basic classificatory analysis is offered, together with a consideration of the main periods inwhich its history may be divided, and the translators concerned.

The classification system for the Japanese books donation to the University ofLouvain/Leuven.
Willy VANDE WALLE
Katholiek Universiteit Leuven
On the collection of Japanese books donated to the University of Louvain at the occasion of thereconstruction of its library in the 1920, the EAJRS participants and readers of its Newsletter have alreadybeen informed on several occasions. Noboru Koyama made a presentation about the donation at one of thevery first conferences of the EAJRS. He subsequently published his findings in an article that appeared in
Shibusawa kenkyu No. 10; later Yamazaki Makoto compiled a catalogue, published by Bensei shuppan in
2000, while I myself made another presentation about the collection to the EAJRS conference, mainly
drawing on the Leuven University archives and my own experience, and published a digest of my findings
in EAJRS Newsletter No. 8 (2001). I contributed a more comprehensive article on the subject in Higashi tonishi no bunka kōryū 東と西の文化交流 (The Cultural Exchange Between the East and the West), ed.
Fujiyoshi Masumi 藤善眞澄, pp. 191-223. Suita: Kansai daigaku shuppanbu 関西大学出版部, 2004.
The Japanese books were donated by the Japanese National Committee of the Oeuvre internationale deLouvain. The selection of the books was made by Wada Mankichi and Urushiyama Matashirō, two expert
bibliographers and specialists of Japanese literature. They also compiled a catalogue to go with the
donation. In that catalogue they divided the collection in 26 sections and within each section they listed theentries in alphabetical order. This catalogue was printed in a limited edition and copies of it were presented
to persons connected with the donation. Both Waseda University library and Shibusawa Eiichi shiryōkan
hold a copy of this catalogue. In compiling his catalogue Yamazaki adopted the same division and order.
None of the other authors cited had given the problem more than a passing thought, but I, as a regular userof the collection, remained puzzled by the classification system adopted by Wada Mankichi (andUrushiyama Matashirō) for this collection.
My hypothesis is that the system is a mixture of Cutter’s expansive system and the Imperial Library Teikoku
toshokan system. In the early Meiji days the Teikoku toshokan had a system, whose primary classes wereJapanese books, Chinese books and Western books. In that scheme Japanese books were classified
according to a system that was a further development of honchō shomoku 本朝書目; Chinese books werecategorized on the basis of the Siku quanshu zongmu tiyao, 四庫全書総目摘要, while Western books weredivided into ten classes, called gates (mon 門). In 1884 (Meiji 17), the ten classes for Western books wereexpanded into eighteen classes. These eighteen classes became the basis of the modern classification systemof the Imperial Library Teikoku toshokan. The eighteen gates or classes and their primary divisions are as
listed in Murashima Yasuo, Tosho bunrui gairon 図書分類概論、 p. 106 ff.
Subsequently the number of eighteen classes was considered too unwieldy and cumbersome, especially inthe light of the need to keep statistics, and as a result the number was reduced to eight classes. At the sametime the system was no longer limited to Western books, but was expanded to include Japanese and Chinese
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books alike. These eight classes can be found on see Murashima Yasuo, Tosho bunrui gairon, p. 113. Eachclass or gate contains one or more divisions in a specific order.
It now appears that the Louvain classification system follows very closely the eight classes system with thefollowing adaptations :1. The classes (i.e. the highest level) themselves have been dropped, and have been placed on the samelevel as the (primary) subdivisions to create in all 26 divisions.
1. The divisions under Class 8 in the Teikoku toshokan system have been moved forward to the first place,and have become division 1 : General Works (ippansho 一般書). In this respect Wada has followed thesystems of Cutter and Dewey.
2. The divisions of class 1 of the Teikoku toshokan, i.e. Shinto and religion have been moved backward,
following Tetsugaku 哲学 and Kyōiku 教育, which are the two divisions of class 2 in the Teikoku toshokan
system.
3. Kokka 国家, the first division in class 5 of the Teikoku toshokan has been dropped.
4. The divisions in class 7 of the Teikoku toshokan have been reshuffled : Wada has moved bijutsu 美術
from third place to first, and has moved shogei 諸芸 to the last, renaming it yūgi 遊技.
5. The last two divisions of the Louvain catalogue, i.e. precious works and ōbunsho 欧文書 are in a sense
particular to the Louvain collection. Wada has taken them apart, because the precious works were included
rather as works of art than as reference books, while the Western books were apparently considered more
peripheral to the collection.
Wada was an advocate of Cutter’s system. That much transpires from the way he describes it in his
Toshokan kanri-hō taikō 図書館管理法大綱 (p. 123 ff). He is full of praise for the system because it is very
flexible and allows for gradual and limitless expansion. He describes it as « common sense and modern,clear and easy to adapt. » (Toshokan kanri-hō taikō p. 124). Especially the fact that it is so easy to adapt it
to the size of any library is a very attractive feature in his eyes. That is no doubt the reason why he chose it
for Louvain. Since he did not know which way the Japanese collection might develop in the future, andsince the collection would at any rate be in the hands of a Louvain librarian, he had to ensure that thesystem chosen at the outset did not require specialized know-how, which he would not be able to ensure in
the future, since once donated the collection would start its own life in Belgium.
It is no coincidence that there are 26 divisions in the catalogue of the Louvain collection. His choice for
Cutter’s system is also the ultimate explanation for this fact. He has arranged the divisions contained within
the classes of the Teitoku toshokan classes in such a way that he ended up having 26 of them. He no doublt
believed that by arranging the catalogue that way, there would be least trouble in the future in the event offurther additions and expansion at Louvain. Traces of the effort to reach a total of 26 divisions may be seenin the fact that he has included a division « education » which actually contains only one category of books,
namely « educational books for the populace dating from before the Meiji period ».
In the printed catalogue, the lowest level of classification is the first letter of the transcribed title of thebooks.
The Japanese National Committee never managed to send a cataloguer to Louvain to unpack the books andcatalogue them, but the rudiments were embedded in the card catalogue in the wooden cabinet. The
collection then went into a slumber, no doubt disturbed by the bombing and fire of the library in 1940,
although it escaped largely unscathed. After the war the books were put into shelves and found a place inthe restored library. Then came along Joseph Mullie, a Scheut missionary, who, it would seem, had neverheard of Cutter’s system. As a sinologist, he would rearrange the books and absorb them into a morecomprehensive oriental library. At least in my assessment that was his ambition.
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Cutter’s system has a depth of seven levels. The first level is very general and does not use up all letters of
the alphabet. Consequently, my hypothesis may seem speculative, but we must consider the following.
While Cutter’s system was designed to cover all human knowledge, Wada’s classification only had to cover
the culture of one country. He therefore did not need the multiple layers. He therefore reduced them to twolevels. On the upper level he deliberately used up all letters, so as to avoid that later on others would comeand allocate letters to unjustified subjects. In using up all 26 letters he was in a sense spreading his
categories thin, and there are indeed indications of that weakness. In some places he « promoted » subjects
to the primary level although in the common sense understanding of contemporary librarians, they belonged
to the second level.

23Collaborative Reference Database Project of the National Diet Library of JapanKOSEKI Tatsuya
National Diet Library
Libraries throughout Japan ― including public, university/college, and special libraries ― receive anumber of reference queries every day. The answers to these queries form the records of librarians’
intellectual activities. Though these records could be most valuable resources, making them into a usabledatabase has been so far up to each individual library.
In 2002 the National Diet Library (NDL) of Japan started a project called “Collaborative Reference
Database Project.” The aim of the project is to develop a database that accumulates the records of reference
queries and answers collected nation-wide, and to utilize the database in promoting cooperation in reference
work among libraries.
This presentation will overview the present state and future prospects of the project. The database will bemade public through the Internet in the future. The NDL hopes that the database will also be a useful source
for Japanese studies in overseas countries including Europe.

Analysis of catalogue records of Early Japanese books in NACSIS-CAT
YAMANAKA Hideo
Tenri University, Nara
This presentation analyses early Japanese book records in NACSIS-CAT database (Japanese online union
catalogue). The result of the analysis shows characteristic elements of catalogue data of Japanese earlybooks, and defects of bibliographic data records. NII published cataloguing codes interpretation and acoding manual for early East Asian books in June 2003. Participating libraries started to input records ofthese materials following these instructions. More than twenty thousand records of these materials stored in
the database by June 2004. Statistic analysis of these records is made, and some characteristic points are
introduced. This presentation will, I hope, contribute to the creation of early book records in the union
catalogue database.

Japanese electronic archival resources
YOKOTA-CARTER, Keiko
East Asia Library, University of Washington
This presentation is a report of sharing my experience of acquiring Yomiuri CD-ROM archival newspaper.
The acquisition of electronic resources from Japan involves in many issues such as budget, technologicalsupport, and administrative support. I hope the information would be useful for my European colleagues. I
also want to know the condition of the European libraries in supporting electronic resources made in Japan.

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Rare Materials Exhibition -- Kyoto University Digital Library
EGAMI Toshinori
Kyōto University Library'Rare Materials Exhibition' is the most concentrated content on Kyoto University Digital Library. As ofearly August 2004, 3,331 materials, 419,229 image files are on public exhibit via Internet. In 2003, morethan 13,500,000 pages of our Digital Library site were required, and the visitors of 'Rare Materials
Exhibition' account for about 80 percent of them.
Our Digital Library Program was funded by Monbu-Sho, or the Japanese Ministry of Education, Science,Sports, and Culture, which allocated the budget for the Digital Library Program for the first time in 1997,
but we had independently started this digitizing project in 1994.
Our digitizing program aims at both the wide use and the preservation of antiquarian materials. Our
digitization enables public users to access them easily. All the image files are prepared with HTML and
JPEG format because some of users in the world may access with only normal Web browser.
Digitizing work is done by the outside venders by contract. We shoot materials on microfilms at first,
because electronic medium might not be preserved for a long time and shooting with a digital camera takes
a high cost actually.
As of now, our digitized images are released freely, but we might be required to change our concepts in the
future. Our project should be flexible on the purpose of fulfillment of our social role, that is, providing andpreserving of our antiquarian materials.
URL
Rare Materials Exhibition: http://ddb.libnet.kulib.kyoto-u.ac.jp/exhibit/index.html
Kyoto University Digital Library: http://ddb.libnet.kulib.kyoto-u.ac.jp/minds.html

Streamlining Resource Management and Research Publishing by means of Open Content
Management Software.
Hans COPPENS
Katholiek Universiteit Leuven
The university of Leuven's Japanese Studies section has been using online writing and publishing tools aswell as resource management tools for a number of years. What started as a partly electronic variant of the
traditional classroom gradually evolved into an electronic learning and research environment withsignificant effects on, among other things, the flow and accessibillity of intra-organizational resources.
The most important characteristics of the environment are its straigthforwardness and simplicity, its costeffectiveness, and the Open Access philosophy behind it. The public part or the portal-site contains, besides
information about the section as a whole, several research- and resource-weblogs, a growing pool of open
courseware and a biweekly magazine. The not-so-public part has dissertation-journals, alearning object repository and serves as a communication hub. This presentation aims to introduce the
K.U.Leuven Japanese Studies section's online writing environment as an example of the possibilities thatstate-of-the-art Open Software Content Management Systems offer in terms of online publishing andresource management.

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Letters from Japanese Literary Authors: A Special Collection of the C.V. Starr East Asian
Library, Columbia University
Sachié NOGUCHI
C.V. Starr East Asian Library
Columbia University
This special collection is composed of correspondence between Japanese literary authors and Dr. Donald
Keene, a prominent scholar of Japanese literature and culture and a long time faculty member at Columbia
University (he is currently a University Professor Emeritus and Shincho Professor Emeritus), who donatedthem to the C.V. Starr East Asian Library, Columbia University. Some of the letters are valued not only forliterary contents but also for the beauty of the calligraphy and paper. The presentation includes some
digitized images of the sample letters. The scope of these letters in terms of the period covered, authors,
and their fields is also discussed as well as both the significance and the limitations of the collection.

The creation of a popular constitution and its background: the process toward a
constitutional system in modern JapanANZAI Kunio
Waseda University
During the process of modernization in Japan, various alternative outcomes were possible, particularly
between the 1870s and 1890s, the period regarded as the youth of modern Japan. Among the movements ofthat period, the most important is called Jiyu Minken Undo (the Freedom and People's Rights Movement).
One of the most remarkable aspects of the Movement was the preparation of a draft of a popularconstitution (called Minshu Kenpo or popular constitution). In my paper, I will examine the contents andthe background of drafting of Itsukaichi Kenpo (a popular constitution in Itsukaichi) that is regard as a good
example of Minshu Kenpo. Specially, I would like to focus on the followings: (1) Western interpretationsof Jiyu Minken Undo, (2) the creation of a popular constitution, (3) the background of Minshu Kenpo and(4) an examination of the historical significance of Jiyu Minken Undo using original research materials.

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Practical Workshop for Overseas Librarians on Early Japanese Books at the National
Institute of Japanese Literature, Tokyo in 2005.
Please see for details:
http://www.nijl.ac.jp/~koen/nihon-ko.htm

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