2007/12/23

The Importance of Learningfrom the Field– Based on the Experience ofthe Kenya UNICEF Internship

Al Fatah Primary School

Presented by Yuko Hosoya

Contents
1. Introduction
What is the UNICEF Kenyan African Girls’ Education
Initiative (KAGEI)?
What do you know about Garissa district, Kenya?
Why is cost-effectiveness analysis important?
2. Why should policy makers learn from the field?
How to identify problems and needs
How to identify cost and effectivenessHow to understand data
How to find solutions
3. What are the current problems?
Who controls policy formulation?
Who evaluates the projects?
4. Discussion
Do you have alternatives?

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What is UNICEF Kenyan African
Girls’ Education Initiative (KAGEI)?
Term period: 2001-2004.
Target location: 6 districts in the arid and semi-arid lands(ASAL), which have one of the greatest gender disparities ineducation.
Funding: Norway funded US$600,000. Japan funded
US$500,000.
Project Goal: To empower girls and women through education
so that they may play a greater role in their own survival anddevelopment, and in the development of the nation as a whole.
Objectives of the KAGEI: To improve the access, retention
and completion rates of girls in primary school throughenhanced community participation, with a special emphasis
on nomadic communities.
Three main strategies of the KAGEI: Capacity building andtraining; social mobilization and advocacy; and service
delivery and monitoring.

What do you know about Garissa
district, Kenya?
Geography: North
Eastern Province,
semi-arid area
People: Somali, Muslims
Education:
Enrollment Average Girlsrate

Semi-arid area

Boys

2001

9%

7%

11%

2002

19%

14%

24%

2003

20%

15%

24%
Somali people22007/12/23

Why is cost-effectivenessanalysis important?
CostProductivity

Input(Cost)

Output(Productivity)

The relationship between cost and productivity is important.

Why should policy
makers learn from thefield?

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2007/12/23

How to know obstacles and needs
Poverty- Families havemore children than they
can afford
Child labor– House work
Cultural discrimination–
Gender roles
Parental illiteracy –Marriage and education
Early marriage
FGM
HIV/AIDS
Poor school facilities

Taking care of babies

Washing clothes

Poor school curriculum
Lack of positive rolemodel
Lack of advocacy of girls’
educationObstacles particularly fornomadic students

Their ownchildrenMany Children in a Family

Blendedfamilies
Adoptedchildrenfrom theirextendedfamilies

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How to determine
costs and effectiveness
Costs
Resources from Where?
1. UNICEF
2. Government, donors, districts, NGOs, schools,
parents and communities
For What?
1. Workshops, supplies and materials
2. Tuition, teachers’ salaries, school buildings,
school meals, school uniforms, textbooks,
school supplies, latrines, opportunity cost andvolunteer works

How to determine
costs and effectiveness
Effects: Indicators should be different
depending on the programs, areas,people and cultures.
The increase of girls’ access to school.
The increase of girls’ performance.
among other indicators such as
Change in teaching approaches in respect
to gender.
Strengthening of education on HIV/AIDS
prevention at the community level.

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How to understand data
Provision of school supplies – Materials
have not been distributed to school.
Test results – Girls perform better thanboys but the results are misleading.
Enrollment – The number changes
frequently.
National Examination – Only some of thestudents take it.

How to find solutions
Girls’ Club – for female students
1. Share the problems they have.
2. Propose to build the latrine.
3. Do small business in school.
Jaribu Primary Schoolrate of return

Cost-Benefit Analysis of Girls Club activity
0.9
0.8
0.7
0.6
0.5
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.1
0

0.79

0.55

0No activity

Hide and Skin

Poultry andButchery

Poultry and Butchery in Saka Primary School

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How to find solutions
Using mats instead of desks

Who controls
policy formulation?
Donors: policy may be forbureaucrats and tax payers
Government in the country: policy
may be for elites• These policies increase the poverty
gap in the current capitalist society.

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Who evaluates the projects?
Donors tend to protect
themselves.
Consultants hired by donors
tend to find useful results.
University researchers also
tend to find practical results.

Conclusion:Policy makers should
learn from the field.

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2007/12/23“Do you have Alternatives?”

Al Fatah Primary School9