Advanced RCR Program for
Graduate Students（Additional Text）
Issued July. 2023

Research Ethics and Integrity Promotion Office ,Hiroshima University（in cooperation with Writing Center , Hiroshima University)

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Actual Case ofMisconduct atHiroshima University

Actual Case of Misconduct
at Hiroshima University（1） Misconduct in Research Activities（2） Improper Use of Research Funds（3）Disciplinary Actions and Impacts

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Actual Case of Misconduct
at Hiroshima University（1） Misconduct in ResearchActivities

Plagiarism（case 1）(1) Misconduct in research activities“Patchwork papers” withoutquotations indicated

先行A論文

先行B論文

5Plagiarism（case 2）(1) Misconduct in research activities

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I didn’t mean it.
I just forgot to cite the quotations...
And it was only a few places.

BUT
As a result of an investigation, several other incidences ofnegligence came to light, and the case was judged to be a
“gross neglect in the basic duty of care expected to be exercisedby researchers ,” and thus “plagiarism.”

Plagiarism (case 3)(1) Misconduct in research activities＜Additional Handout＞（April 2022）

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Review paper
Figure 1: Research Genealogy of 00 Research
Understanding of Features

1992xxxxxx research

1993
xxx Study

1995
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxxxxxx

1998
xx Study

2013
xxx Discussion
2018
xx Report

1994
xxxx
Because he failed to specify the citation,
Plagiarism and Certification

Discussion of Method

2000
xx Study

Since only the facts
are listed, no citationis necessary.

Presentation of the Method

2001
xxxx
2014
xxx Discussion
2020 xxxx Design
Kuroda et al. proposed thexxxxxxxx method by adding
empirical considerations toxxxxxx.

The review article is original inthat the author himself/herself hasorganized and categorized theprevious studies and expressed
them in the form of figures andtables.
For example, it is necessary toclarify the citation from the review
paper even if it is a known fact.

＜Additional Handout＞（Julyl2023）

Fabrication（at poster presentation : ｃａｓｅ 4） 8
Former Assistant Professor A[ Lead speaker ] Graphs and images

For convenience, graphs and images thatdiffered from the established conditions(drugadministration period) were published

Have nodata under theestablishedconditions

 PCR band diagram (mouse)

Digital images were cut and pasted tocreate the expected results

Digital images （originaldata）

Significant difference
under other conditions

PostedPublished

Found to have been
involved in fabrication

Cut and pastedProfessor B[ Responsible author ]Even though A discussed with Professor B (the responsible author) about how to correct
the poster by the day before the poster presentation, no correction was actually made andthe poster was presented as is.
Realized that the poster graph, images, and PCR band diagram had errors (but was unaware of theactual situation of  were cut and pasted), and discussed how to correct the poster with Former
Assistant Professor A by the day before the presentation.
However, on the day of the presentation, B did not confirm whether the corrections had been made.

Although not found to have been involved in fabrication,
Professor B was found be responsible for the poster
presentation as research misconductCauses of plagiarism(1) Misconduct in research activities

There is no need to cite a quotation if I change
the text a little. This is my writing.

I just submitted something that reviews andoutlines existing research; it is not a thesis.

It slipped my mind.

9Causes of plagiarism(1) Misconduct in research activities

There is no need to cite a quotation if I change
the text a little. This is my writing.
Insufficient understanding of quotation (direct and indirect).
No respect for existing research.

I just submitted something that reviews andoutlines existing research; it is not a thesis.
Anything presented as a publication naturally involves responsibility on the partof the author.

It slipped my mind.
Great care should be taken not to neglect duty of care as a researcher.
Depending on the circumstances, it can lead to serious problems.

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Research misconduct is not only intentional.

Alarmingly, research misconduct can becommitted accidentally as well.

.

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Actual Case of Misconduct
at Hiroshima University（2） Improper Use of ResearchFunds

Fictitious claims forhonoraria(2) Improper Use of Research Funds

ＳＴＥＰ２

ＳＴＥＰ１
Hiroshima
University’sProfessor X

Hiroshima
University

We’ll say that you
helped in theexperiments,okay?
Hand thereward you’repaid over tome

Report on payment ofhonoraria for fictitious
work

Reward paid from theuniversity to students

13Okay,understoodResearch group students

Researchgroup students

Hiroshima University’s
Professor X

Claim for honoraria for fictitious experimental assistance using the namesof the students in the research group

Double paymentof travel expenses

HiroshimaUniversity・ Business trip report・ Hotel receipts
Railway tickets, etc.

Hiroshima University
travel expenses(2) Improper Use of Research Funds

Business trip report
only(A University does
not require
submission of hotel
receipts, etc.)

Hiroshima University’s
Professor X

14AUniversity

A University travel
expensesClaim made to both universities for travel expenses for the same trip, and double payment
received

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Actual Case of Misconduct
at Hiroshima University（3） Disciplinary Actions
and Impacts

Penalties for research misconduct

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Hiroshima University Student Disciplinary Regulations

Fabrication, falsification, plagiarism⇒ Expulsion or suspension
Improper use of research funds⇒ Suspension or reprimandPrevious examples of discipline for research
semiconductor by faculty members at Hiroshima
University ...

17＜Handout update＞（April 2022）

An academic advisor published a journal article, using the ideas prepared by
his/her graduate advisee for a presentation in a seminar, without obtaining theconsent of the graduate student (plagiarism) + harassment=> Dismissal under instruction

Most of a joint written paper published as the corresponding author wasplagiarized from other papers⇒Suspended

Money paid for fictitious delivery notices/invoices was handled as “deposits” to avendor. Discovered when the vendor was audited ⇒ Suspended

＜Handout update＞（April 2022）

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Consequences of research misconduct other than punishment of individuals

Public disclosure of research
misconduct
Retraction of papers
Repayment of research funds,etc.

Implementation of diversitywide measures to prevent
recurrence

Loss of public trust, not only
for the individual in question,
but also for the diversity

Increased burden forresearch activities

The impact of just one case of research
misconduct on the diversity and otherresearchers is extremely severe19

Never commit
research
misconduct!!!

Contact for inquiries and reports＜Handout update＞（April 2022）

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If you suspect research misconduct, you can contact the following:<Contact on campus>
Fabrication
Falsification
Plagiarism

Chief Manager of Research and Academia-Government-Community Collaboration
Research Support Group, Office of Research and Academia-Government-CommunityCollaboration, Hiroshima University・Address： 1-3-2 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima City Hiroshima, 739-8511（1F, Administration Bureau Building）
・Direct phone number : （082）424−5679
・Fax: （082）424−5890
・Email: kokuhatsu@office.hiroshima-u.ac.jp

Hiroshima University Audit Office
ImproperUse ofResearchFunds

・Address： 1-3-2 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima City Hiroshima, 739-8511（6F, Administration Bureau Building）
・Direct phone number ： （082）424−6068
・Fax: （082）424−4251
・Email: kansa-situcho@office.hiroshima-u.ac.jp<External contact>
FabricationSato Law Office ( Attorney : Takafumi Sato )Falsification
Plagiarism

ImproperUse ofResearch
Funds

・Address : 1-20 Teppo - cho , Naka - ku , Hiroshima City , 730 - 0017
（6F , 3rd Ueno Building）
・Direct phone number : （082）227-1246
・Fax : （082）227-1690*Call/visit time 9:30-12:00, 13:00-17:00（Closed on Saturday, Sunday, national holidays, Year-End and New Year holidays, and Obon holidays）

＜Additional Handout＞（April 2022）

Contact for inquires
Fabrication
Falsification

Plagiarism

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Chief Manager of Research and Academia-Government-Community CollaborationResearch Support Group, Office of Research and Academia-Government-Community
Collaboration, Hiroshima University
・Address： 1-3-2 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima City Hiroshima, 739-8511（1F, Administration Bureau Building）
・Direct phone number : （082）424−5679
・Fax: （082）424−5890
・Email: kokuhatsu@office.hiroshima-u.ac.jp

The following contact information is for inquiries regarding administrative procedures
and rules for the use of research funds at Hiroshima University.

<General Inquiries>
Chief Manager of Research and Academia-Government-Community Collaboration
Research Collaboration Group, Office of Research and Academia-GovernmentCommunity Collaboration, Hiroshima University・Address： 1-3-2 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima City Hiroshima, 739-8511（2F, Administration Bureau Building）
・Direct phone number : （082）424−4614
・Email: gakujutu-k-gl@office.hiroshima-u.ac.jp