PROCEEDINGS of the
23rd International Congress on Acoustics
9 to 13 September 2019 in Aachen, Germany

Comparison of the recreational noise regulation in Russia, Europe,and Asia
Sergio LUZZI1; Chiara BARTALUCCI1; Iuliia RASSOSHENKO 2; Aleksandr SHASHURIN2;
Nickolay IVANOV2;
1

Vie En.Ro.Se Ingegneria S.r.L, Florence, Italy

2

Baltic State Technical University “VOENMEH” named after D.F. Ustinov, ‘Ecology and life safety’ Dept,Saint-Petersburg, Russia

ABSTRACTIn October 2018 the new Environmental Noise Guidelines for the European Region were published by theWorld Health Organization (WHO), providing strong evidence that noise is one of the top environmental
hazards to both physical and mental health and well-being in Europe. However, recreational noise has not yet
been investigated in detail. After a preface about the more recent outcomes on recreational noise provided by
EU Guidelines and projects, the current article presents the requirements for noise levels in recreational areasof various categories (parks, specially protected areas, reserves, etc.) in Russia, Europe and Asia. Moreover,it describes the main existing legal and regulatory acts in the countries, the history of their development andrestrictions on their use. Furthermore, the article shows a comparative analysis with the allocation ofadvantages and disadvantages of each system. Finally, suggestions have been made to improve the system forregulating noise levels in recreational areas.
Keywords: Noise, Regulation, Recreation, Legislation, Improvement

1. INTRODUCTION
Noise pollution adversely affects the lives of millions of people with serious consequences on theirhealth (1). The more relevant sources of noise pollution, and consequently those which have been
mainly investigated, are related to traffic and industrial activities although the prevalence ofoccupational noise has decreased since the early 1980s. However, in the last 50 years the prevalence ofsocial noise has tripled (2) and cities have been affected by a particular type of noise pollution
stemming from recreational activities generally located in the city centers, the so-called nightlife,
which is the heart of the night-time economy, seen by the local authorities as a means of revitalizing
urban areas (3). It is a very complex phenomenon carrying relevant potentials in terms of social andeconomic benefits, but also problems related to the impact of alcohol on crime and disorders, coupledwith public nuisance caused by recreational noise pollution. In spite of its relevance, the phenomenon
has been poorly investigated so far: recreational noise is not even mentioned in the EEA Report, Noisein Europe 2014, while it is firstly mentioned in the new WHO Environmental Noise Guidelines for theEuropean Region (3). According to a recent online survey of residents of France, Sweden, China andthe UK, 8% of respondents believe that hearing loss is a problem of extreme importance. According to
the report of Tianjin Occupational Disease Prevention Hospital, about 80% of young people weresuspended from work due to diseases of the hearing organs. The existence of this problem ispresumably associated with frequent visits to noisy places, such as discos, Internet cafes, as well as theuse of headphones (4). Events with high noise levels, such as festivals, salutes and fireworks, music
festivals where electroacoustic equipment is used uncontrollably can also be marked out. According to
the World Health Organization, more than 466 million people worldwide have a hearing loss disability,and by 2050 one in ten people will suffer from hearing impairment and more th an 900 million people
will not be able to communicate without hearing aids or other assistance. In addition to hearing loss, it
is essential to recall that noise increases the development of cardiovascular diseases, which is also
confirmed by recent experimental studies (5). As a result, such dangerous diseases as vascular
dysfunction, including cerebral vessels, high blood pressure and atherosclerosis can develop.

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2. REGULATORY SYSTEMS FOR RECREATIONAL NOISE
Regarding regulatory systems for recreational noise, a useful reference is the review made by the
WHO in (6). A number of legislative measures relating to environmental noise and occupational
exposure are in place in many Countries although they vary in scope and sophistication. However,fewer countries have legislative measures pertaining specifically to recreational noise exposure. For
instance, EU Countries of the European Union, China and New Zealand have legislation in place toprotect employees who work in the entertainment/recreational sector (bars, concerts, discotheques,nightclubs) from exposure to unsafe noise. Legislation addresses the criteria for acceptable noiselevels, control and monitoring procedures to ensure that legislative requirements are met. From theavailable data and a review of English-language legislation made in (6), it is evident that mostCountries of the world still have no legislation to control recreational noise exposure, either forrecreational venues or with respect to the maximum output levels of personal audio devices.
There are a few examples of legislation that targets recreational noise exposures. In 2009, theEuropean Commission issued a directive that output levels of new audio devices should be set to a
standard of 85 dBA, allowing users to increase the volume to a maximum of 100 dBA. According to
the directive, raising the volume to maximum level must prompt a warning message stating thathearing loss can occur at this level. In April 2014, the Minneapolis City Council passed an ordinancemaking it compulsory for bars and clubs to offer free earplugs to patrons. Such a directive can havefar-reaching impact, reducing the risk of noise exposure for those who frequent these entertainment
venues. Legal interventions have proved effective for many sentinel public health achievements.
Hence, it is important for legislation to address public health issues such as exposure to noise, inorder to bring about a sustained behavioral change.

3. INDICATIONS FROM THE WORLD
4.1. Europe
In the recently published Noise Guidelines of WHO (7), differently from the previous versions,specific reference is made to leisure noise referring to “all noise sources that people are exposed to due
to leisure activities, such as attending nightclubs, pubs, fitness classes, live sporting events, concerts
or live music venues and listening to loud music through personal listening devices ” both in terms ofrecommendations and implications for research. As recommendation, a value of 70 dB(A) is indicatedas yearly average threshold from all combined leisure noise sources above which adverse healtheffects may occur. Beside the average noise levels, the noise Guidelines strongly suggest to
policy-makers to intervene to prevent children and adults’ exposure above the guideline values also forsingle-event and impulse noise exposures. In fact, despite there is not enough evidence in terms of
relationship between leisure noise and hearing loss/health outcomes, it is clear that the nature of thenoise has not a strong influence in causing hearing loss quality. Noise-induced hearing loss can beprevented by following safe listening practices. A reduction of leisure noise is also assumed to reduce
nuisance that can be caused to other people than those who enjoy leisure activities, such as neighbors.
Furthermore, specifically for Personal Listening Devices (PLDs), it can reasonably be expectedthat a reduction of noise exposure could also lead to a reduction in accidents, injuries and otherpotential safety risks. Considering values and preferences, the Guideline Development Group (GDG)
recognized that listening to music with the help of a PLD, going to concerts and attending sport events
are activities regarded as enjoyable and therefore assumed to be valued by the overall population.
Furthermore, it is expected that values and preferences might vary in particular with respect to theuse of PLDs and embracing leisure activities involving loud noise, like concerts, and that some
population groups – especially younger individuals – might voluntarily expose themselves to highlevels of sound during these activities. Despite this, the GDG was confident that recommendations tolower noise levels for the prevention of hearing damage from leisure noise would be welcome by amajority of the population. Recommendations are expected to be particularly welcome when it comesto protecting the hearing of young children and teenagers, as these vulnerable groups often do not havecontrol over their environment and the noise levels to which they are exposed, such as from noisy toysor at school.
In conclusion, resources needed to reduce exposure to leisure noise are not expected to be intensive,
but implementation and long-term success of measures might be challenging, owing to cultural factors,
as changes in behavior are expected to be tricky to implement. One of the main challenges is to conduct
a long-term objective exposure assessment of environmental noise and relate this to the development

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of permanent hearing impairment and tinnitus. The GDG underlined the strong need for research todevelop a comprehensive methodology. In the absence of a method, and as long as no other tools areavailable, the equal energy principle outlined in the ISO standard for the estimation of noise -induced
hearing loss (WHO, 1999) can be used as a practical tool for protecting public health from exposure toleisure noise.
4.2. Russia
The scale of acoustic pollution and its growth trends in the Russian Federation are alarming andrequire urgent action. At the same time the legal regulation is not completely in the relations in thesphere of environmental safety and creating acoustic comfort of living is not completely. Only somelegislative acts address some issues of human protection from harmful noise exposure, mainly in thefield of regulating labor relations within the framework of solving problems limited to the scope of aparticular law. According to Table 3, line 12 of the SN 2.2.4/2.1.8.562-96 (8) sound and sound pressurelevels should be sustained in the recreation areas in accordance with Table 1, regardless of the time ofday. For example, sound and sound pressure levels in the rooms of cafes and restaurants are
represented in line 6 of Table 3 SN 2.2.4/2.1.8.562-96 (8).
Table 1. Noise standards in the recreation areas according to the SN 2.2.4/2.1.8.562-96 (8)Purpose of the premises or
territories

Recreationareas
inresidential
neighborhoods
and groups of houses,
holiday centers, etc.
Roomsofrestaurants

cafesSound pressure levels, dB, in octave bands with geometric mean

SL andMaxfrequencies [Hz]eq. SL,

SL,

31,5

63

125

250

500

1000

2000

4000

8000

dBA

dBA

83

67

57

49

44

40

37

35

33

45

60

90

75

66

59

54

50

47

45

44

55

70

and

Unfortunately, in the Russia Federation noise standards for national parks, protected areas are
currently unavailable.
Requirements for protection of the areas of special protection (further –ASP) are imposed in theFederal law of 14.03.1995 No. 33-FZ ‘On specially protected natural areas’ (9), but do not contain thenorms for sound levels. Thus, when designing highways, railways and other facilities affecting or
crossing ASP, the issue of ensuring acoustic safety of animals and birds remains open. The RussianFederation has a number of federal laws aimed at environmental protectio n. In this connection, theFederal law of 10.01.2002 No. 7-FZ ‘On environmental protection’ (10) similarly with theConstitution (11) establishes the right of the citizen for favorable environment and living conditions.
The environmental quality standards compulsorily include the standards established for physicalparameters. According to this law, the government authorities of the Russian Federation are obliged totake the necessary measures to prevent and eliminate the adverse noise exposure on the enviro nment inurban and rural settlements, recreation areas, habitats of wild animals and birds. Regulation of these
relations is provided by the Federal law of 30.03.1999 No. 52-FZ ‘On sanitary and epidemiologicalwelfare of the population’ (12), by establishing sanitary restrictions to indicators of the factors
affecting people and legal provisions to ensure them. There is currently no Federal law on the noise in
the Russian Federation, there are only a few regional ones, in particular the law of the Moscow reg ion
No. 16/2014-OZ of March 7, 2014 ‘On ensuring quietness and rest of citizens in the Moscow region’(13), the Law of St.Petersburg ‘On administrative offenses in St.Petersburg’, article 8 ‘Violation ofquietness and rest of citizens at night, at weekends and on holidays’ (14), the law of the city of Moscow
No. 42 of July 12, 2002 ‘On observance of rest of citizens and quietness in the city of Moscow’ (15).
However, the system of collection of fine recovery for administrative infringement of rest of citizens
and quietness, including recreation areas in the residential neighborhoods and groups of residential
houses, is not fully developed at the moment and in the stage of setting and adjustment.
4.3. Chinа
A fairly large number of laws and standards in the field of environmental protection, in particular321

against noise, has been developed and is in force in China. So, among the main ones are the following:- Environmental Protection Law of The People's Republic of China (16);- Law of the People's Republic of China on Prevention and Control of Noise Pollution (17).
In 2010 a guideline document on strengthening prevention and control of environmental pollution
and improving the quality of the urban and rural acoustic environment was issued (18), according towhich noise pollution in public life should be prevented and controlled. Thus, the ‘Standards of noise
emissions in the social environment’ should be strictly observed, prohibiting commercial activities touse audio equipment in the open air to attract customers. In addition, noise pollution in the areas ofcommercial services, such as catering, entertainment, fitness, shopping, etc should be strictly
controlled. The main source of noise pollution should be equipped with automatic noise mo nitoring
equipment, and monitoring data should be used as a basis for law enforcement supervision. An
automatic environmental noise monitoring system should be installed in key cities. According to thisdocument, it was required to install at least one noise indicator in each city by the end of 2011. In 2002,
the State Environmental Protection Administration issued a Notification of measures for establishing a
quiet residential community (19). According to this document, in order to implement the ‘Response of
the State Council to the 10th Environmental Protection Plan’ (National letter [2001] No. 196) ‘allsettlements should focus on solving environmental problems that are strongly reflected in the masses
and have unresolved problems’ and ‘use incentive mechanisms to create environmental protection’. It
was decided to launch a ‘quiet residential community’ in the cities across the country. The objective of
this event was to create a number of examples of residential communities with excellent environmental
management and quiet and comfortable living conditions to further promote noise management in theurban environment.
The criteria of the ‘quiet residential community’ were as follows:- the average equivalent noise level of the environment in the residential area reaches the standardof environmental quality, that is at least 55 dB in the daytime and below 45 dB during night time;- the level of satisfaction of the population with the quality of the community environment is notless than 95%, and complaints about noise violations can be settled in accordance with the law, thelevel of settlement is 100%.
Chapter 6 of the Law of the People's Republic of China on prevention of environmental pollution(17) is devoted to prevention and monitoring noise pollution in public life. According to this law, theboundary noise of newly built commercial cultural and entertainment facilities must comply with thestate standards for environmental noise; if it does not meet the standards for environmental noise
established by the state, the administrative Department of culture does not issue a license for culturalactivities, and Business license cannot be issued by the Department of market supervision andmanagement. Article 44 prohibits the use of high-pitched sound signals for commercial purposes orother methods of creating high levels of noise to attract customers. China also has a system of taxationfor exceeding noise levels in the environment in accordance with the PRC Law on environmental
protection taxes (20). Moreover, according to article 24 of the abovementioned Law, People's
governments at all levels should encourage taxpayers to increase investments in environmental
construction and provide financial and political support to taxpayers' investments in equipment for
automatic monitoring of pollutants. According to the Law of the PRC on environmental protection(effective January 1, 2015), (16) environmental protection is the main national policy of the country.
The state shall adopt economic and technological policies and measures to promote conservationand processing of resources, environmental protection and improvement and harmony between people
and nature, so that economic and social development and environmental protection are coordinated.

4. EXPERIENCES FROM WORLDWIDE COUNTRIES
4.1 Europe
5.1.1. The cities
Berlin has a long history of club culture and nightlife, dated back especially to the 1990s, when club
cultural activities flourished due to the surplus of available space and lack of control. Nowadays, anincreasing number of residents and tourists share public spaces for different uses such as recreation,
sporting and cultural activities, leading to potential conflicts (21). Non-commercial access-freeopen-air events, which usually take place in public spaces, are indeed particularly critical. Youthcultural music events have spread out over the past years, provoking conflicts regarding noise andlittering. Due to the high number of official open-air events (e.g. “Karneval der Kulturen”, a street322

parade celebrating Berlin’s cultural diversity), it is difficult for organizers to get permissions toorganize smaller and unofficial events in public spaces. Furthermore, getting approval often takes
several weeks, whereas free open airs are usually spontaneously organized. Consequently, many
events are illegally organized. For young people and newcomers to the music scene it is rather easy toorganize free open airs and thus engage with the cultural scene in Berlin. However, open air events canalso negatively affect other groups of people, such as local residents, who might need quietness while
resting at home, people who are using the same spot (e.g. a park) to recover or people who work nearby
and need to focus on tasks. Thus, Berlin is facing the challenge to identify spaces where open air
events can be organized without disturbing other people in order to protect the right to quietness and,at the same time, ensure the right to party. To tackle this challenge, the Club Commission – aBerlin-based association of club, party and event organizers – has launched the Model Space project in2018 aiming at identifying solutions at spatial and policy level in order to promote and facilitate theuse of “Model Spaces” for free open airs. Part of the project was conducted in cooperation withstudents of the Master program in Urban and Regional Planning at TU Berlin.The joint project looked
for spatial parameters and potential spaces in Berlin that support the organization of free open airs,
without leading to conflicts. So far, sixty spaces in three Berlin districts (Friedrichshain-Kreuzberg,
Pankow and Mitte) were identified and ranked according to evaluation criteria, like: distance toresidential areas, accessibility, nature protection status and noise level thresholds. For example, one of
the best-ranked spaces is the industrial site “Gewerbegebiet Pankow Nord” in the Pankow district. The
area is located far from nearby housing complexes (approximately 600 meters), it’s affected by highnoise levels due to the nearby highway, and being classified as an industrial site, it has permissible
noise levels up to 65 dB(A) during the day and 55 dB(A) at night, according t o TA Lärm. Due to thecomplex overlapping of diverse interests and stakeholders, it is still under discussion whether
identifying “Model Spaces” is the most effective measure to address the issue of free open airs. Other
measures could include the release of a law inspired by the “Freiluftpartygesetz” (the “open air partylaw”) passed by the city of Bremen.
In Bremen, the Municipality implemented a simplified procedure for spontaneous non -commercial
open-air events with up to 300 people. Instead of applying for permission, people who would like toorganize an open-air event can communicate their intention, by handing in a one-page form between
one week and 24 hours before the event.
Noise management and planning of noise management interventions are two impo rtant aspects of
the integrated urban management approach carried out by the Municipality of Florence (22) in the last
15 years, which has been committed to the reduction of environmental noise. Law no. 447 of 26
October 1995 "Framework Law on Noise Pollution" grants municipalities the right to carry out"temporary activities and events in public places or places open to the public and for temporary shows",
as an exception to the limit values provided for by the said law in article 2, paragraph 3, in compli ancewith the provisions indicated by the municipality itself. Generally, the authorizations for derogation
are requested for the following activities: construction sites for the realization of works of both private
and public interest, including major works, sports activities in general, local festivals, promotional
activities and/or tourist-commercial, to be implemented both outdoors and indoors, to enhance theterritory such as the holding of parties in the square, musical entertainment or similar promot ed byboth public and private bodies (party parties, concerts, musical accompaniment of food, nightlife). For
the purposes of the request for exemption, the basic data to be known and published are: date of therequest for authorization, applicant (public body, local or private), number of days of the activity inderogation, authorized hours, acoustic limits authorized, census of receivers, number and date of theact of authorization. In view of this trend, the Municipality of Florence has developed and is starting toexperiment with a new procedure for derogation authorizations, trying to underline that they are auseful tool to guarantee the rights to carry out temporary activities, mitigating their impact and tomaintain civil coexistence among citizens. The innovative aspect of the procedure is that in order tocharacterize the places, the application of a double method is promoted: quantitative, by carrying out
noise measurements and qualitative, by carrying out soundwalks with interviews with re sidents andvisitors.
In Milan and Turin, the MONICA project concerning recreational noise has been recently carriedout (23). Specifically, results of a self-selected Italian sample obtained through an online questionnaire
aimed at threading some light on the nature of the problem, in particular: individuation of the mostconcerned areas, characteristics of the people complaining and evaluation of economic, health andeveryday life consequences. Answers report a picture of really troubled nights in nightlife districts,

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with very loud anthropic noise until very late, sleep deprivation, health effects, house depreciation andhigh costs to mitigate the problem. Besides respondents highlight degradation and safety problems aswell as viability and parking difficulties. Noise measurements, carried out in Milan and Turin innightlife districts, in order to provide a technical basis to the subjectively reported annoyance by thequestionnaire respondents, confirm the presence of very high, illegal levels within the resident ’s
homes, both with open and closed windows, especially considering that involved areas arecharacterized by low or no car traffic and the time period was between 11 pm and 02 am, even in noweekend days.
In Turkey (24), it was examined the recreational noise pollution and management strategies alreadyapplied in two cities of Antalya and Konya respectively located in Mediterranan and Middle Anatolian
Region in Turkey. For Antalya City, the strategic noise map, noise complaint data and noiseassessment reports for entertainment places were evaluated. For Konya City, it was assessed thestrategic noise map and the environmental noise monitoring system which can be considered as one of
the first applicable system in Turkey in terms of noise management. Under the light of the applications
in two cities, it has recommended that improving and installing the environmental noise monitoring
system as a communicative tool in noise policy applications may be beneficial especially for therecreational noise pollution control in order to achieve effective noise complaint management and toprovide dynamic noise maps. Moreover, designing quiet areas as buffering zone by using thesoundscape approach has been individuated as an innovative way in mitigating the noise annoyancedue to recreational noise pollution in residential areas.
5.2. Russia
According to the State Report ‘On the environmental state and protection in the Russian Federationin 2017’ (25), in 2017, as in previous years, the main contributor to the whole set of physical factors(noise, vibration, EMF) is acoustic noise. Its contribution to the factor load is 47.7%. In second placeis the vibration factor, the contribution of which is 25%. In third place in importance areelectromagnetic fields with a frequency of 50 Hz, the contribution of which is at the level of 9%.
Analysis of the dynamics of the number of facilities that are the priority sources of physical factors in
the period 2015-2017 shows that in 2017, in comparison with the previous year, there is an increase infacilities - sources of noise by 2.95%. The specific weight of the facilities where the discrepancy
between the levels of physical factors and the requirements of sanitary legislation was revealed in the
dynamics in the period 2012-2017 remains consistently high, from 21.2 to 16.0% of measurements - interms of noise level exceeding sanitary norms (25). Intensive work to promote the idea of creating
noise maps of the cities is currently underway the Russian Federation. Thus, in 2006 -2007 the first in
Russia noise map of St. Petersburg was developed. Unfortunately, updates to this map have not been
made to date, but work on the development of this direction in the country is in progress. The issue ofcreating a system of continuous noise monitoring in the cities and development of dynamic noise maps
with possibility to monitor changes in the acoustic environment in the ‘on-line’ mode has also been
repeatedly raised in the country, but this matter is also at the stage of approval.
One of the largest implemented projects was the development of the ‘Environmental strategy of thecity of Moscow for the period up to 2030’(26), which outlined the goals, objectives and principles ofthe environmental policy, including equal attention to the economic, social and environmental
components of sustainable development and the recognition of impossibility to develop for the cityof Moscow if the environment degrades; preservation of production facilities within the cityboundaries only if they implement environmental protection plans aimed at gradual reducing theimpact on the environment through the introduction of environmentally-oriented and innovativetechnologies; priority of production facilities, machinery, technology with little impact on theenvironment, ensuring better compatibility with the environment; availability of environmental
information. Noise reduction in Russian cities, including recreational areas, is largely carried out by
installing noise barriers. In addition, standard measures are used to reduce urban traffic noise in thesource of its formation by reducing its emissivity through modernizing structures, using low -noise
equipment, etc. In order to reduce noise in recreational areas, the following measures can also be
applied: restricting truck traffic on the central streets and along park areas, assigning special aircraft
courses, green planting. In addition, in the summer there are so-called ‘singing’ fountains, including
those in places with high passenger flow, for instance, in the Mosk ovskaya square, which is aninterchange transport hub between the city and the suburbs, as well as in the Finland station, the largest
in the city, which was originally created for aesthetic and entertainment purposes, but they also324

perform the function of replacing urban noise. So, in the repertoire of sound-and-light fountains there
are masterpieces of classics, works by Andrei Petrov, Vladimir Solovyov -Sedoy, Paul Moria, hits of
the 1960s, as well as marches and waltzes. The average duration of each show is 20 minutes. Major
music festivals, such as the annual rock festival ‘Invasion’, with the number of visitors of about150-200 thousand people, are usually held away from major cities and at a distance of at least 500 m
from nearby settlements and villages.
5.3. China
The problem of hearing impairment among young people in China is also extremely relevant. Thus,
to increase education and awareness level of people in this matter, the National ‘Love the Ear’ Day wasestablished in China on March 3, when the Chinese media tell about hearing disorders, noise exposure,prevention and treatment of the widespread diseases connected with hearing disorders (4).
According to the Report on prevention of environmental pollution in China of 2018 (27),approximately 185 resolutions, provisions and documents concerning prevention and monitoring
environmental pollution, were issued in 2017. The division of functional zones of the acoustic
environment was completed for the first time in seven cities and adjustment of the functional zones of
the acoustic environment was completed in 29 cities, which are under jurisdiction of 16 provinces(districts). According to the same report, three main objectives on monitoring the quality of theenvironment, namely, quality of the acoustic environment of a functional zone, quality of the acoustic
environment of day time and quality of the acoustic environment of day traffic were implemented at
the level of prefectures and higher in 2017. Measurements were taken in 79,669 points. The gene ral
indicator of the environmental acoustic monitoring compliance in urban functional areas across thecountry was 92.0%, and the general level of night monitoring was 74.0% (27). In 2017 environmental
protection departments at all levels received a total number of 550,000 complaints about
environmental noise (which makes 42.9% of the total number of complaints about the environment)with the coefficient of completion of 99.7%. Among those there were complaints about manufacturing- 10.0%, about construction noise - 46.1%, about social noise - 37.7% and about transport noise - 4.2%
(27).

5. CONCLUSIONSThe legislation of Europe, Russia and Asia in terms of noise protection, in particular in recreational
areas, attention to which has increased significantly in recent years, have been studied as part ofpreparing this article. Thus, the scientific community recognizes the importance and need to regulate
and normalize noise levels not only in the workplaces, residential areas a nd from industrial andtransport hubs, but also in recreational areas, parks, specially protected areas. The significance ofaddressing this issue is associated with the strong negative impact of the physical factor underconsideration on the body as a whole, including the cardiovascular system, as evidenced by the reportson the morbidity of the population of each country, unfortunately, with quite high figures. In 2018,
WHO published a review (6) with a special emphasis on recreational noise.
In the countries under consideration, the issue of reducing recreational noise is addressed indifferent ways and develops at different rates, as shown in this article. However, the desire and trends
to improve the legislative framework are observed in each of them. N onetheless, at present moment
this issue is less developed in Russia in comparison with Europe and China.
In connection with the ‘novelty’ of the issue and its ‘active’ stage of development at present time, it
should be noted that in order to determine and maintain the correct noise reduction strategy to preserve
health and comfort of people, it is extremely important to maintain international cooperation and take
into account the experience of each other.

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