SC/66b/IA

Results of the NEWREP-A dedicated sighting survey in
Area IV during the 2015/16 austral summer season
TATSUYA ISODA1, SHINYA KAWABE2, CHIKAMASA OHKOSHI2, TOSHIHIRO MOGOE1 AND KOJI MATSUOKA1
1

Institute of Cetacean Research, 4-5, Toyomi-cho, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0055, Japan
Kyodo Senpaku Co. Ltd., 4-5, Toyomi-cho, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0055, Japan
Contact e-mail: isoda@cetacean.jp
2

ABSTRACTThe results of the 2015/16 NEWREP-A dedicated whale sighting survey in Antarctic Area IV (south of 600S) are reported. One
dedicated sighting vessel (SV) was engaged and successfully conducted the research for 50 days, from 27 December 2015 to 14
February 2016 in the eastern part of Areas IV (115°E - 130°E, 25% of the Area IV) using two survey modes, and based on
IWC/IDCR-SOWER survey procedures. The total searching distance in the research area was 1,542.7n.miles (2,857km),
including 741.5n.miles covered in Normal Passing mode (NSP) and 801.2n.miles in Independent Observer (IO) mode. Survey
coverage was 93% in the northern strata and 82% in the southern stratum. Five baleen whale species: blue (15 schools / 27
individuals), fin (14/39), Antarctic minke (186/538), southern right (1/1) and humpback (513/1,179) and at least two toothed
whale species (sperm (8/8), killer (16/158)), were sighted in the research area. Antarctic minke whales tended to distribute in thesouthern stratum, especially north of ice edge. Humpback whales were the most frequently sighted large whale species and were
widely distributed in the research area. Blue whales are sighted in the southern stratum, especially in the south-east stratum.
Estimated Angle and Distance Experiments were conducted as in previous years. Routine photo-id and biopsy sampling on large
whales were also conducted. A total of 69 individuals were successfully photographed including 21 blue, one southern right, 27
humpback and 20 killer whales. A total of 33 biopsy (skin and blubber) samples was also successfully collected from seven blue,
seven fin, one southern right, ten humpback and eight killer whales using the Larsen-gun system. No marine debris was observed.
The survey procedure including IO mode data was in accordance with the SC guidelines. The sighting data were validated andalready submitted to the IWC secretary. During this survey, feasibility studies on telemetry and biopsy sampling of Antarctic
minke whales were started, and results are presented in this paper. Also krill and oceanographic surveys were conducted along
the track-lines designed for sighting. Results of the krill and oceanographic surveys are presented by Wada et al. (2016).

KEYWORDS: ANTARCTIC; FEEDING GROUNDS; ANTARCTIC MINKE WHALES; BLUE WHALES;FIN WHALES; HUMPBACK WHALES; SOUTHERN RIGHT WHALES; LINE-TRANSECT; SURVEY
VESSELINTRODUCTION
The Main Objective I of NEWREP-A is “improvement in the precision of biological and ecological information
for the application of the Revised Management Procedure (RMP) to the Antarctic minke whales”. In order to attainObjective I, four sub-objectives were set: Objective I (i): Abundance estimates for Antarctic minke whales taking
into account of g(0) and additional variance, Objective I (ii): Improvement of precision of biological and ecologicalparameters, Objective I (iii): Refinement of stock structure hypotheses of Antarctic minke whale in Areas III-VI
for the implementation of the RMP, Objective I (iv): Specification of RMP Implementation Simulation Trials(ISTs) for the Antarctic minke whales (Government of Japan, 2015a).
The Main Objective II of NEWREP-A is “investigation of the structure and dynamics of the Antarctic marine
ecosystem through building ecosystem models”. Four objectives were identified with this main objective:
Objective II (i): Ecological Research (krill abundance estimation and oceanographic observation), Objective II(ii):Abundance estimate of some cetacean species as input data for ecosystem modeling, Objective II (iii):
Estimation of prey consumption by the Antarctic minke whale and its nutritional condition, Objective II (iv):
Ecosystem modeling (Spatial interaction among baleen whales and consideration of predators-prey system andallometric reasoning) (Government of Japan, 2015a).
Objectives I (i), II (ii) and II (iv) require whale abundance information obtained through systematic sighting
surveys. After the completion of the IDCR/SOWER surveys, the dedicated sighting surveys under NEWREP-A
are the only source of sighting data for abundance estimate.
A research plan for the 2015/16 NEWREP-A dedicated sighting survey was submitted to the International Whaling
Commission Scientific Committee (IWC SC) in 2015 in line with recommendations d) and e) above. The plan1

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took in consideration some of the elements in a)-c) above (Government of Japan, 2015b). The original plan was tocover Area V using two research vessels. After the IWC SC meeting, it became clear that the available budget
allocated to the sighting survey could fund only one vessel, not two vessels. Therefore, the proponents decided tomake changes onto the original research plan on the research area and the track-line for the 2015/16 survey.
Nonetheless, the research activities to be conducted during the 2015/16 survey were the same as in the originalplan presented to the IWC SC in 2015. The only difference was the research area, i.e. the revised survey was going
to cover the sector between 115°E and 130°E, which is part of Area IV that was not covered in the 2014/15 survey.
It was considered feasible to cover this sector with only one vessel.
The main research objective of this survey was to collect systematic sighting data for the abundance estimates ofAntarctic minke whales and other baleen whale species in Area IV, including the collection of data for estimatesof g(0). Following recommendations from the NEWREP-A review workshop, the start of feasibility studies on
biopsy sampling and telemetry of Antarctic minke whales was planned for this survey (results of the feasibility
studies on biopsy sampling and telemetry on Antarctic minke whale are presented in Appendices 1 and 2,
respectively).
As recommended at the 2010 IWC SC meeting, a small group was established to discuss the survey design of thepresent survey (e.g. track-lines design, survey mode, etc.), with the aim that such design is consistent with previous
JARPAII and IWC/SOWER surveys and analyses (IWC, 2013).
This paper presents the results of the Japanese dedicated sighting survey in the 2015/16 season under the
NEWREP-A in the Antarctic Area IV between 115°E and 130°E, which is the part of Area IV that was not coveredin the 2014/15 survey (Matsuoka et al., 2015). Krill and oceanographic surveys were also conducted. Results ofthese surveys are presented by Wada et al. (2016).

SURVEY DESIGN
Research area
The research area was set south of 60°S, in the east part of Area IV (115°E-130°E; Figure 1a). The research area
was divided into northern and southern strata (Figure 1b).
Research vessel
One dedicated sighting vessel (SV), the R/V Yushin-Maru No.3 (YS3) (742GT), was engaged in the research. It
was equipped with a top barrel platform (TOP), Independent Observer Platform (IOP) and an upper bridge
platform. Vessel specifications and photo are provided in Annex A.
Track-line
In the northern and southern strata, the survey track lines consisted of a zigzag course changing direction at 5°00’
and 2°30’ longitudinal degree intervals, respectively (Figures 1c-e). The boundary between southern and northern
strata was defined by a line 45n.miles from the ice-edge. A randomised start point for survey tracks was used, as
for all previous IWC-SOWER surveys, based on the IWC/SC survey guidelines (IWC, 2005).
Research hours, acceptable weather conditions and number of observers on effort
Research hours was consistent with previous SOWER survey procedure. Research effort began 60 minutes after
sunrise and ended 60 minutes before sunset, with a maximum of 12-hour research per day (approximately 06:0018:00). Time-zone changes was recorded at 30-minute intervals, effective from 01:00h. Schedules were adhered
to local ‘ship’ time ranging between +9.0 and +12.0 GMT. Data collected throughout the survey and all associatedreporting was in accord with the local ‘ship’ time. The searching activity was conducted when the weather
conditions were suitable for observations: visibility (minke whale visibility) better than 1.5 n. miles and the windspeed less than 21 knots (northern strata) or 26 knots (southern strata).
The vessel speed during the sighting survey was 11.5 knots with slight adjustment to avoid vibration of the vessel.
Sighting effort was conducted by the boatswain and topmen from the TOP (there will be always two primaryobservers in the TOP) and the upper bridge where the helmsman, captain or officer-on-watch, researchers, and thechief engineer (or second engineer) were also present (always two primary observers and four secondary observers
were present).

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Survey modes
The survey modes were consistent with previous SOWER survey procedures. Sighting activities were classified
into two principal types: ‘On-effort’ and ‘Off-effort’. In the sightings survey portion of the research, On-effort
activities were times when full search effort was being executed and conditions (such as weather and sea state)
were within acceptable parameters to conduct research. Off-effort activities were all activities that were not Oneffort. All sightings recorded while the vessel was On-effort were classified as ‘Primary sightings’. All othersightings were considered to be ‘Secondary sightings’. Sighting effort was conducted by the boatswain and topmen
from the TOP and by observers at the upper bridge. The sighting survey was conducted using (1) Normal Passing
mode (NSP) and (2) Passing with Independent Observer (IO) mode. Both survey modes followed the protocol
endorsed for the IWC/SOWER surveys (e.g. Matsuoka et al., 2003, IWC, 2008).
For NSP mode, there were two primary observers on the TOP. These observers conducted searching for cetaceans
by using angle board and binoculars (7x), which include the distance estimate scales. Members of the two observer
teams on TOP were fixed and operated in one or two hours shifts. There was open communication between theupper bridge and the TOP. These observers reported sighting-information to researchers and other observers on
the upper bridge for data recording.
For IO mode, there were two primary observers on the TOP and one primary observer on the IOP. These observers
on TOP and IOP platforms also conducted searching for cetaceans by using angle board and binoculars (7x).
Members of the two observer teams on TOP were fixed and operated in one or two hours shifts. There was no
open communication between the IOP and the TOP. The observers on the upper bridge communicated to the TOP(or IOP) independently, with the topmen only to clarify information and did not distract the topmen from theirnormal search procedure. These observers report sighting-information to researchers and other observers on theupper bridge for data recording. For encounters of very rare species (e.g. blue and southern right whales), it was
decided that the vessel would approach whales immediately to avoid losing them due to the delay of closing (IWC,2008).
Identification of species
Guidelines for species identification were based on the IWC-SOWER methods for classification of identification(IWC, 2008):‘Positive identification of species was based on multiple cues and usually required clear observation of the whale's
body. Occasionally, repeated observations of the shape of the blow, surfacing and other behavioural patterns were
sufficient; this judgement was made only by the senior researcher. Identification of species was recorded as‘probable’ based on multiple cues, which were nevertheless insufficient to be absolutely confident of identification.
This usually occurred when blows and surfacing patterns could be confirmed, but the whale's body could not beclearly seen. Details of recording procedures during sightings can be found in ‘Information for Researchers’’.
Effort was made to classify killer whales into three ecotypes.
Determination of group size
The following guidelines were used in determining group size (IWC, 2008):‘Schools where the number of animals, or an accurate estimated range of the number of animals was determined,
were classified as confirmed schools. Data from the confirmed schools can be used to determine a mean school
size. Therefore, it is critical that the confirmed schools accurately represent the size of schools in the survey area.
Normally, schools believed to be confirmed for school size are approached to within 1 n. mile for large whales
and to within 0.3n. miles for minke whales. Allowing for context-specific differences (i.e. environmental
conditions and animal behaviour), every effort was made to be consistent with regard to the maximum time spenton identification of species and confirmation of numbers. Normally, if the sighting was thought to be minke whales,
no more than 20 minutes (after closure has been completed) should be spent on confirmation, this reduces thepotential for confusion with other sightings in the vicinity. Counts of individuals provided in the sighting summary
represent best estimates of school sizes in the research area, except when indicated otherwise’.
Attending scientists and responsibilities
The original research plan welcomed the participation of international researchers. No official application forparticipation was received from international researchers. Three experienced Japanese researchers were selected
for this survey. These researchers had enough experience conducting line transect surveys, biopsy sampling andphoto-id experiments in the Antarctic through the JARPA/JARPAII Programs or other research programs. Koji
Matsuoka (Institute of Cetacean Research) was the responsible person for this survey, and same as in recent
seasons, acted as the oversight person on behalf of the IWC SC.

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Yushin-Maru No.3 (YS3)
Tatsuya ISODA - sighting, photo-ID, biopsy and satellite tagging
Shinya KAWABE - sighting data, photo-ID and biopsy
Atsushi WADA - krill abundance and oceanographic data

Other research activities
The sighting distance and angle experiment was conducted in order to evaluate the accuracy of sighting distanceand angle provided by primary observers. Observers on each vessel were required to assess eight sets of angles
and distance from two platforms (TOP and IOP) and upper bridge. All trials were conducted under acceptablesighting condition.
Research time was allocated for routine biopsy sampling of blue, fin, sei, southern right, humpback, sperm andkiller whales, with higher priority given to the blue and southern right whales. The Larsen-gun system was used
to collect samples. Priority species for photo-ID were blue, southern right and humpback whales, although photosof all other species, including killer whales would be obtained opportunistically (e.g. Matsuoka and Pastene, 2014,
Kanda et al., 2014).
During the research time, marine debris on the sea surface was recorded. For each debris, the following information
was obtained: date of the observation, geographical position (longitude and latitude) of the observation and typeof debris.
Data entry system and analysis
Researchers input the data collected during the survey (weather, effort, sighting and experiments data) into thecomputer onboard the vessel using the ‘onboard data collecting system’ (ICR, 2013). Survey modes and effort
codes definitions for this survey correspond to those used in the IWC/SOWER surveys. The data should bevalidated and stored at the Institute of Cetacean Research (ICR), and all sighting data for abundance estimatesshould be submitted to the IWC based on the IWC SC Guidelines (IWC, 2005; 2008).
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
The cruise itinerary
The duration of this cruise was 115 days. The YS3 departed Shiogama, Japan on 30 November 2015 and started
the transit survey on 14 December 2015, which was completed on 26 December 2015. It started survey in the
research area on 27 December 2015, which was completed on 14 February 2016. The vessel left the research areaand started the transit survey on 15 February 2016, arriving in Shiogama on 23 March 2016 (Table 1a).
Summary of sightings
Antarctic research area
YS3 was engaged in the research for 50 days, from 27 December 2015 to 14 February 2016 in part of Area IV(115°E - 130°E, 25% of the Area IV; Figure 1b).
Figures 1c-e shows the track line design and location of the searching effort.
Tabulations of all track line Waypoint (WP) are shown in Tables 1b and 1c, and the searching effort in Table 1d.
The sightings in the research area and those obtained in transit to and from the research area, are summarized by
species and by stratum in Table 2a and 2b, respectively. Satellite data indicated large polynya in the research area
(120°E) in late December. Sea ice north of this polynya was melted in early January therefore it was possible tosurvey this area (Figure 2).
The total searching distance in the research area was 1,542.7n.miles (2,857km), including 741.5n.miles in NSP
and 801.2n.miles in the IO modes. The searching effort coverage was 93% in the northern strata and 82% in thesouthern stratum.
Figures 3a to 3d show the geographical distribution of the sightings in the research area for the main whales
sighted. Five baleen whale species and at least two toothed whale species were sighted in the research area (Table
2a).
Antarctic minke whales distributed mainly in the southern stratum (Figure 3b). There was high density areas ofAntarctic minke whales at about 30 to 40n.miles north of ice edge. Same as in previous surveys no mother andcalf pair of Antarctic minke whale was observed in the research area. Humpback whales were the most frequently
sighted species in this research area (Figure 3b). The number of sightings of humpback whales was about two
times higher (in number of individuals) than that of Antarctic minke whales, and was considerably higher thanthose of other species. Humpback whales were widely distributed in the research area and just north of the high4

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density areas of Antarctic minke whales. These distribution patterns were almost same as in previous studies(Murase et al., 2014).
Duplicate sightings determined on the number of sightings made by the IOP that were observed also by the TOP
Barrel. Duplicate and not duplicate sightings of Antarctic minke whales were 24 (duplicate: 21, possible duplicate:3) and 12, respectively (Table 2c).
Identification of duplicate sightings was also conducted for whale species other than Antarctic minke whale during
surveys in IO mode (Table 2c). To determine whether g(0) is significantly different from one, analyses on duplicate
sightings will be conducted for those whale species where sufficient data are obtained during the NEWREP-A
program (Government of Japan, 2015a).
Blue whales tended to distribute in the southern stratum, and especially in the south-east of the stratum (65°S,
129°E) (Figure 3a). Fin whales were found widely in the research area (Figure 3a). These observations were almost
the same as in past JARPA/JARPAII surveys (Hakamada et al., 2014). One southern right whale was sighted in
the eastern part of the southern stratum (Figure 3c). Solitary large sperm whales were found between near ice edge
(Figure 3c). Killer whales were sighted mainly in the southern stratum (Figure 3d). Two schools of killer whale(30 whales) were identified as Type A and seven schools (39 whales) as Type B.
The present sighting survey complements the work of the IDCR/SOWER programme which has been finished.
The importance of monitoring trends in abundance in cetacean species is of general conservation and management
importance especially in the context of documenting the recovery of species/populations that had been extensively
depleted by commercial whaling. These surveys are also important to investigate recent changes in species
composition (Figure 4) (Matsuoka and Hakamada, 2014).
Figure 5a shows the breakdown of research time, in hours by effort code in the research area. Figures 5b and 5cshow the breakdown of research time, in hours of wind speed and visibility of Antarctic minke whale in the
research area, respectively.
Low and middle latitudinal sighting survey
During transit from Japan to the research area, the sighting surveys were conducted from 14 to 26 December 2015
in the area between 20°S and 60°S outside of national EEZs. The searching effort was 581.0n.miles. From theresearch area to Japan, the sighting survey was conducted from 15 February to 7 March 2016 in the area between
20°S and 60°S outside of national EEZs. The searching effort was 180.7n.miles. One sei whale was observed.
Table 2b summarized all sightings observed during transit to and from the research area.
Other research activities
Sighting distance and angle experiment
A training was conducted in 30 December for 1 hour 42 minutes, and the actual experiments (136 trials) weresuccessfully conducted on 17 January for 4 hour 4 minutes. The results of this experiment will be used for the
calculation of abundance estimates.
Photo-ID
A total of 21 blue, 1 southern right, 27 humpback and 20 killer whales were successfully photo-identified during
this cruise (Tables 3a and 3b). A total of ten blue whale, five southern right whale and 13 humpback whale were
photographed between 2011/12 and 2013/14 JARPAII surveys (Matsuoka et al., 2014). A total of eight blue, 45
humpback, and 39 southern right whales were collected photo-ID in 2014/15 season (Matsuoka et al., 2015). These
data will be registered to the ICR catalogue and submission of photographs to relevant international catalogues(e.g. Matsuoka and Pastene, 2014).
Biopsy sampling for large whales
A total of 33 biopsy samples were collected (Tables 4a and 4b), including seven blue whales, seven fin, one
southern right, ten humpback and eight killer whales (type A: 1 individual, type B: seven individuals). Biopsy
samples were stored at -20°C for future genetic analyses. A total of four biopsy samples of southern right whale,
five of humpback whale were collected between 2011/12 and 2013/14 JARPAII surveys (Matsuoka et al., 2014).
A total of three biopsy samples of blue whale, nine of fin whale, ten of humpback whale and 39 of southern rightwhale were collected in 2014/15 season (Matsuoka et al., 2015). These samples will be used in future genetic
analyses (e.g. Pastene et al., 2014, Kanda et al, 2014).
Marine debris observation
No marine debris was observed during the survey in the research area. In the Antarctic, comprehensive
observations of marine debris (on the sea surface, ingestions, entanglements) has been carried out by JARPA and
JARPAII and the effect of marine debris on whales was expected to be limited (Isoda et al., 2014). Observation of5

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marine debris will continue as one of the research activities of NEWREP-A. These data will be registered to the
ICR database and reported in the future (e.g. Isoda et al., 2014).
Report of the IWC oversightThe oversight report was shown in Annex B.
Sighting data storage
The sighting data were already submitted to the IWC secretary and receipt confirmed by 31 May 2016.

ACKNOWLEDEGMENTS
We thanks the following persons and organizations: the Fisheries Agency of the Government of Japan for logistic
support and funding for this research survey; scientists from ICR and other organizations for logistic support andfor useful suggestions for the field and analytical works. In particular we thank the colleagues of the National
Research Institute of Far Seas Fisheries (Yokohama), and Lars Kleivane, Norway, for discussions on the satellite
tagging system. We are also indebted to A. Wada, all officers, and crew of the Yushin-Maru No.3 for support in
the field.

REFERENCES
Government of Japan. 2015a. Research Plan for New Scientific Whale Research Program in the Antarctic Ocean(NEWREP-A). IWC.ALL.238, November 2015 (unpublished). 110pp.
Government of Japan. 2015b. Proponents additional responses to the Report of the Expert Panel to review the
proposal for NEWREP-A. Paper SC/66a/SP8 presented to the IWC Scientific Committee, May 2015
(unpublished). 37pp. [Paper available at the IWC Office].
Hakamada, T., Matsuoka, K., Nishiwaki, S. and Kitakado, T. 2014. Abundance estimates and trends for Antarctic
minke whales (Balaenoptera bonaerensis) in Antarctic Areas IV and V for the period 1989/90–2004/05. J.
Cetacean Res. Manage. 13(2): 123-51.
Institute of Cetacean Research. 2013. The Outline of the ICR Accurate information System (ICRAS). 13pp. [Paper
available at the IWC Office].
Isoda, T., Tamura, T., Nishiwaki, S and Pastene, L.A. 2014. Observation of marine debris in the Antarctic basedon JARPA and JARPAII data. Paper SC/F14/J22 presented to the JARPAII review Workshop, February,
2014, 11pp. [Paper available at the IWC Office].
International Whaling Commission. 2005. Report of the Scientific Committee. Annex D. Report of the subcommittee on the Revised Management Procedure. Appendix 3. Requirements and Guidelines for
Conducting Surveys and Analysing Data within the Revised Management Scheme. J. Cetacean Res.
Manage. (Suppl.) 7:92-101.
International Whaling Commission. 2008. IWC SOWER Cruise 2008/09, Information for Researchers.
http://iwcoffice.org/_documents/sci_com/SOWER/Guide%20%20for%20Researchers%202008-09.pdf[Paper available at the IWC Office].
International Whaling Commission. 2013. Report of the Scientific Committee. Annex G. 24pp. Jeju, Korea, 2013.
[Paper available at the IWC Office].
Kanda, N., Goto, M. and Pastene, L.A. 2014. Stock structure of humpback whales in the Antarctic feeding grounds
as revealed by microsatellite DNA data. SC/F14/J27 presented to the IWC Scientific Committee, February
2014 (unpublished). 4pp. [Paper available at the IWC Office].
Matsuoka, K., P. Ensor, T. Hakamada, H. Shimada, S. Nishiwaki, F. Kasamatsu, and Kato, H. 2003. Overview ofminke whale sightings surveys conducted on IWC/IDCR and SOWER Antarctic cruises from 1978/79 to
2000/01. J. Cetacean. Res. Manage. 5(2):173-201.
Matsuoka, K., and Hakamada, T. 2014. Estimates of abundance and abundance trend of the blue, fin and southern
right whales in the Antarctic Areas IIIE-VIW, south of 60oS, based on JARPA and JARPAII sighting data
(1989/90-2008/09). SC/F14/J05 presented to the IWC Scientific Committee, February 2014 (unpublished).
27pp. [Paper available at the IWC Office].
Matsuoka, K., Yasunaga, G., Mori, M., Yoshida, T., Isoda, T., Nakai, K., Ueda, E., Konagai, T., Tsunekawa, M.,
Yoshimura, I., and Ogawa, T. 2014. Cruise Report of the Second Phase of the Japanese Whale Research
Program under Special Permit in the Antarctic (JARPAII) in 2013/2014. Paper SC/65b/SP05 presented to
the IWC Scientific Committee, May 2014 (unpublished). 14pp. [Paper available at the IWC Office].
Matsuoka, K. and Pastene, L.A. 2014. Summary of photo-identification information of blue, southern right andhumpback whales collected by JARPA/JARPA II. SC/F14/J34 presented to the IWC Scientific Committee,
February 2014 (unpublished). 11pp. [Paper available at the IWC Office].

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Matsuoka, K., Tsunekawa, M., Yamaguchi, F., Honma, H., Ohkoshi, C. and Abe, N. 2015. Cruise report of the
2014/15 Japanese dedicated whale sighting survey in the Antarctic in Area IV. Paper SC/66a/IA7. 21pp.
[Paper available at the IWC Office].
Murase, H., Matsuoka, K., Hakamada, T. and Kitakado, T. 2014. Preliminary analysis of changes in spatial
distribution of Antarctic minke and humpback whales in Area IV during the period of JARPA and JARPA
II from 1989 to 2006. SC/F14/J18 presented to the IWC Scientific Committee, February 2014 (unpublished).
17pp. [Paper available at the IWC Office].
Pastene, L.A., Kitakado, T., Goto, M. and Kanda, N. 2014. Mixing rates of humpback whales from Stocks D, E
and F in the Antarctic feeding grounds based on mitochondrial DNA analyses. SC/F14/J30 presented to the
IWC Scientific Committee, February 2014 (unpublished). (Doc. SC/65a/SH13. This paper can be cited onlyin the context of the IWC meetings).
Wada, A., Isoda, T. and Tamura, T. 2016. Result of the 2015/16 NEWREP-A Sighting Survey Vessel-Based Krill
Survey in the Antarctic Area IV. SC/66b/EMxx. xxpp. [Paper available at the IWC Office].

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Table 1a. Itinerary of the 2015/16 NEWREP-A dedicated sighting survey.
Event

Dates

Pre-cruise meeting

20 November 2015

Vessel departed Shiogama, Japan

30 November 2015

Start transit survey

14 December 2015

Finish transit survey

26 December 2015

Vessel arrives at the research area (50 days in the research area)

27 December 2015

Vessel completes surveys in the research area

14 February 2016

Start transit survey

15 February 2016

Post-cruise meeting

21 February 2016

Finish transit survey

7 March 2016

Vessel arrives Shiogama, Japan

23 March 2016

Table 1b. Way Points (WP) in the southern strata.
Latitude

WP

Longitude

Leg no.

mode

courseplan

effortcovered (%)

area code

vessel

140

63

48.5

S 115

0.0

E

140

NSP

227

12.60

12.67

101%

42

YS3

141

63

40.0

S 115

21.0

E

141

IO

327

58.80

54.60

93%

42

YS3

142

64

29.0

S 116

34.9

E

142

NSP

327

58.80

54.02

92%

42

YS3

143

65

18.0

S 117

51.0

E

143

IO

283

32.90

32.30

98%

42

YS3

143A

64

40.0

S 117

51.0

E

143

IO

180

38.00

37.27

98%

42

YS3

144

64

47.5

S 119

5.9

E

144

NSP

283

32.90

23.13

70%

42

YS3

145A

64

55.0

S 120

21.0

E

-

-

-

-

-

-

42

YS3

145B

65

35.0

S 120

21.0

E

145

IO

95

31.20

28.40

91%

42

YS3

146

65

37.5

S 121

36.0

E

146

NSP

95

31.10

28.26

91%

42

YS3

146A

65

40.0

S 122

51.0

E

146

NSP

180

29.00

12.90

44%

42

YS3

147

66

9.0

S 122

51.0

E

147

IO

31

60.80

50.60

83%

42

YS3

148

65

17.0

S 124

7.2

E

148

NSP

31

60.80

53.01

87%

42

YS3

149

64

25.0

S 125

21.0

E

149

IO

131

42.20

41.18

98%

42

YS3

150

64

52.5

S 126

35.4

E

150

NSP

131

42.20

28.57

68%

42

YS3

150A

65

20.0

S 127

51.0

E

150

NSP

180

22.00

22.02

100%

42

YS3

151

65

42.0

S 127

51.0

E

151

IO

33

58.10

44.49

77%

42

YS3

152

64

53.5

S 129

7.1

E

152

NSP

33

41.50

24.86

60%

42

YS3

153

64

18.9

S 130

0.0

E

153

-

-

-

-

-

42

YS3

154

64

5.0

S 130

21.0

E

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

301

66

0.0

S 118

42.0

E

301

NSP

152

25.60

22.55

88%

42

YS3

302

66

22.5

S 119

11.8

E

302

IO

152

25.60

16.51

64%

42

YS3

302A

66

45.0

S 119

42.0

E

302

IO

180

9.00

8.62

96%

42

YS3

303

66

54.0

S 119

42.0

E

303

NSP

360

9.00

5.83

65%

42

YS3

303A

66

45.0

S 119

42.0

E

303

NSP

28

25.60

16.20

63%

42

YS3

304

66

22.5

S 120

12.2

E

304

IO

28

22.80

17.58

77%

42

YS3

305

66

2.4

S 120

38.8

E

-

-

-

-

-

-

42

YS3

T otal

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

770.50635.57

82%

-

-

-

8

SC/66b/IA

Table 1c. Way Points (WP) in the northern strata.
WP

Latitude

Leg no.

mode

courseplan

effortcovered (%)

area code

vessel240

60 19.0

S 115

Longitude
0.0

E

240

IO

29

21.70

21.70

100%

44

YS3

241

60

0.0

S 115 21.0

E

241

NSP

155

81.60

75.92

93%

44

YS3

242

61 13.8

S 116 31.5

E

242

IO

155

81.50

80.34

99%

44

YS3

243

62 27.5

S 117 44.8

E

243

NSP

155

81.60

80.77

99%

44

YS3

244

63 41.3

S 119

1.2

E

244

IO

155

81.60

78.70

96%

44

YS3

245A

64 55.0

S 120 21.0

E

-

-

360

-

-

-

44

YS3

245B

65 35.0

S 120 21.0

E

245

NSP

202

90.60

72.36

80%

44

YS3

246

64 11.3

S 121 41.5

E

246

IO

202

90.50

79.40

88%

44

YS3

247

62 47.6

S 122 58.1

E

247

NSP

202

90.60

89.88

99%

44

YS3

248

61 23.8

S 124 11.1

E

248

IO

202

90.60

88.15

97%

44

YS3

249

60

0.0

S 125 21.0

E

249

NSP

330

70.70

70.60

100%

44

YS3

250

61

1.3

S 126 32.3

E

250

IO

330

70.70

69.61

98%

44

YS3

251

62

2.5

S 127 46.0

E

251

NSP

330

70.80

47.91

68%

44

YS3

252

63

3.8

S 129

2.2

E

252

IO

330

52.10

51.74

99%

44

YS3

253

63 48.9

S 130

0.0

E

-

-

-

-

-

-

44

YS3

254

64

5.0

S 130 21.0

E

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

T otal

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

93%

-

-

-

-

974.60 907.08

Table 1d. Summary of search effort (time and distance) and time (hours) spent on experiments.

Start

End

NSP

IO

Yushi-Maru No.3

T ransit survey toresearch area

Estimated
angle anddistance
training /experiment

T ime

T ime

Oceanographic
observations,
Net sampling,
Calibration forechosounder

Date

Date

T ime

Dist.

T ime

Dist.

T ime

T ime

(hh:mm:ss)(n.m.)(hh:mm:ss)(n.m.)

14-Dec.

26-Dec.
47:27:29

581.0

0:00:00

0.0

0:00:00

0:00:00

0:00:00

8:05

18:00

27-Dec.

14-Feb.
66:45:38

741.5

73:06:23

801.2

46:24:52

5:46:39

33:33:21

6:00

18:00

15-Feb.

7-Mar.
15:57:53

180.7

0:00:00

0.0

0:55:27

0:00:00

0:00:00

6:00

18:00

14-Dec.

7-Mar.
130:11:00

1503.1

73:06:23

801.2

47:20:19

5:46:39

33:33:21

8:05

18:00

Research area
T ransit survey fromresearch area

Photo-ID,
Biopsy,Satellite

T otal9(hh:mm:ss) (hh:mm:ss)

T ime(hh:mm:ss)

SC/66b/IA

Table 2a. Number of sightings in the research area, by stratum and species.
Species

East-South of area IV

East-North of area IV

Primary

SecondaryPrimary

SecondaryPrimary

Sub total
SecondaryT otal

Sch.

Ind.

Sch.

Ind.

Sch.

Ind.

Sch.

Ind.

Sch.

Ind.

Sch.

Ind.

Sch.

Ind.

Blue whale

9

19

4

6

2

2

0

0

11

21

4

6

15

27

Fin whale

2

7

6

18

5

13

1

1

7

20

7

19

14

39

Sei whale

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

Antarctic minke whale

134

411

41

95

7

14

4

18

141

425

45

113

186

538

Humpback whale

240

575

82

189

141

308

50

107

381

883

132

296

513

1,179

Southern right whale

1

1

0

0

0

0

0

0

1

1

0

0

1

1

Baleen whale

9

10

1

1

3

5

1

1

12

15

2

2

14

17

Sperm whale

6

6

1

1

1

1

0

0

7

7

1

1

8

8

Killer whale

10

125

3

18

3

15

0

0

13

140

3

18

16

158

Unid. whale

7

7

4

4

5

5

0

0

12

12

4

4

16

16

Table 2b. Number of sightings during transit to and from the research area, by species.
T ransit to R.A.

Research area

T ransit from R.A.

Sub total
T otalSpeciesPrimary

SecondaryPrimary

SecondaryPrimary

SecondaryPrimary

Secondary

Sch.

Ind.

Sch.

Ind.

Sch.

Ind.

Sch.

Ind.

Sch.

Ind.

Sch.

Ind.

Sch.

Ind.

Sch.

Ind.

Sch.

Ind.

Blue whale

0

0

2

2

11

21

4

6

0

0

0

0

11

21

6

8

17

29

Fin whale

0

0

0

0

7

20

7

19

0

0

0

0

7

20

7

19

14

39

Sei whale

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

1

1

0

0

1

1

0

0

1

1

Antarctic minke whale

1

1

3

4

141

425

45

113

0

0

0

0

142

426

48

117

190

543

Humpback whale

0

0

6

21

381

883

132

296

0

0

0

0

381

883

138

317

519

1,200

Southern right whale

0

0

1

1

1

1

0

0

0

0

0

0

1

1

1

1

2

2

Baleen whale

0

0

1

1

12

15

2

2

0

0

0

0

12

15

3

3

15

18

Sperm whale

2

2

2

2

7

7

1

1

0

0

0

0

9

9

3

3

12

12

Killer whale

0

0

0

0

13

140

3

18

0

0

0

0

13

140

3

18

16

158

Unid. whale

0

0

0

0

12

12

4

4

0

0

0

0

12

12

4

4

16

16

Table 2c. Identification of duplicate sightings during surveys in Independent Observer (IO) mode. Duplicate
status was based on the number of sightings made by the Independent Observer Platform (IOP) thatwere observed also by the Topmen in the Standard TOP Barrel. Status codes: D - Definite duplicate, P-Possible duplicate, R - Remote duplicate, N - Not duplicate.
Number of sightings

Duplicate Status

SpeciesBlue whale
Fin whale
Antarctic minke whale
Humpback whale
Baleen whale
Sperm whale
Killer whale

made by IOP

D

P

R

N

3
1
36
170
5
2
5

2
1
21
140
1
2
3

0
0
3
11
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0
0
0

1
0
12
19
4
0
2

10

SC/66b/IA

Table 3a. Summary of the photo-ID data by the dedicated sighting survey.
SpeciesBlue whale
Southern right whale
Humpback whale
Killer whale
T otalNumber of individuals photographed
21
1
27
20
69

Table 3b. Summary of the photo-identification and biopsy data with accompanying photo-ID data.
LD: Left dorsal; RD: Right dorsal, HD: Head.
Sight

Species

Scl.

Sighted Position

Est. body length

Number of

Number ofOpportunity

Position

BiopsyBiopsyof target ind. [m]-, -, -

marked individual
2

shoot
3

of shootGof shoot
RD, FL

digitalsampleNsample no.
-

Opportunistic

42

12.6

1

3

G

LD, RD, FL

digitalN-

Opportunistic

42
4213.2, 14.0
13.1

2
1

17
5

G
G

RD, FLRD, FL

digitaldigital

N
N

-

42

14.4, 13.5

2

11

G

LD, RD, FL

digital

Y

42
42
44
44
44
44
42
42

6.5, 6.2, 6.0, 24.5
4.8, 2.6
23.8
4.2, 2.0
26.1
26.8, 22.5
25.3

4
1
2
1
2
1
2
1

5
9
6
12
6
8
12
7

G
G
G
G
P
G
G
G

LD, RL, DM
LD, RD, RL
LL
LL, RL
LD, LL
RL, LL, LD
RL, RD, LL, LD
LL, LD, RL, RD

digitaldigitaldigitaldigitaldigitaldigitaldigitaldigital

N
N
N
Y
Y
N
N
N

44.33

42

6.4, 4.8, 4.2

3

8

G

RL, HD, RD, LD, DM

digital

Y

6.08
6.16
56.02
55.85
54.73

42
42
42
42
42

13.3, 12.8
13.6, 13.3, 9.8
13.1
12.2
12.4

2
3
1
1
1

13
15
8
14
9

G
G
G
G
G

LD, FL, LL, RL, HD
LD, HD, RD, FL
FL, RD, LD, HD, DM
LD, RD, HD, DM, FL
FL, RD, RL

digitaldigitaldigitaldigitaldigital

Y
Y
N
N
N

119

46.76

44

4.6, 3.7

2

7

P

LL

digital

Y

121
124
125
125
126
126
126
127
127
127

40.57
42.11
3.19
22.61
33.96
39.81
50.05
10.58
28.60
36.53

42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42

5.2
13.1
13.3, 12.6
12.8
13.3
13.6
5.8, 3.7, 3.5, 2.1
13.8, 13.6
5.3, 5.0
-, -

1
1
2
1
1
1
4
2
2
1

9
8
7
15
6
5
11
10
9
1

G
G
G
G
G
P
G
G
G
P

LL, RL
LD, OT , RD, FL, HD
LD, RD, RL
LD, RD, OT , FL, LL
HD
FL, RD
LL, RLRD, LD, LL
RL, RD, LL
FL

digitaldigitaldigitaldigitaldigitaldigitaldigitaldigitaldigitaldigital

Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
N
Y
Y
Y
N

J15YS3H001,
J15YS3H002
J15YS3B001
J15YS3K001
J15YS3K002,
J15YS3K003
J15YS3H003
J15YS3H004
J15YS3K004,
J15YS3K005
J15YS3K006
J15YS3H005
J15YS3H006
J15YS3H007
J15YS3R001
J15YS3K007
J15YS3H008
J15YS3K008
-

34.06
11.24
8.18
1.39

128
128
128
128

6.42
39.38
28.91
54.8

42
42
42
42

29.5, 24.6
26.8, 24.5
27.5, 23.0
12.6, 11.9

2
2
2
2

10
9
10
8

G
G
G
G

LL, RLLL, RL
RL, LLRD, LD

digitaldigitaldigitaldigitalYNYY

J15YS3B002
J15YS3B003
J15YS3H009

-64

53.44

129

7.53

42

25.3, 24.6

2

11

G

RL, LL

digitalY

J15YS3B004

-64

46.53

129

17.92

42

25.8, 23.7

2

13

G

RL, LL

digital

Y

4

-64

39.98

129

27.87

42

26.5, 25.7, 23.4, 22.3

4

15

G

RL, LL, OT

digital

Y

1
1

-64
-64

38.50
24.94

129
129

30.13
50.79

42
42

24.4
11.2

1
1

3
14

G
G

LL
LD, DM, RD

digitaldigitalNY

J15YS3B005
J15YS3B006,
J15YS3B007
J15YS3H010

Vesl.

Date

YS3

20151224

No.
2

H

size
3

Lat.
-64

[min.]
0.02

Long.
134

[min.]
27.76

Area
99

YS3

20151228

1

H

1

-63

59.68

129

17.80

YS3
YS3

20151230
20151230

1
3

H
H

2
1

-63
-64

58.56
0.20

127
127

37.99
40.19

YS3

20151230

4

H

2

-64

0.86

127

39.00

YS3
YS3
YS3
YS3
YS3
YS3
YS3
YS3

20151230
20151231
20160106
2016011220160113
20160115
20160117
20160117

14
6
2
7
39
9
19
28

K
B
K
B
K
B
B
B

7
1
7
1
5
1
2
1

-64
-64
-62
-62
-64
-65
-64
-64

33.24
20.95
39.36
36.39
19.87
19.35
50.57
42.52

126
125
128
123
121
120
119
118

51.63
35.35
31.51
8.02
33.46
36.41
36.67
16.06

YS3

20160119

28

K

3

-63

55.65

115

YS3
YS3
YS3
YS3
YS3

201601192016011920160120
20160120
20160120

50
51
1
3
10

H
H
H
H
H

2
3
1
1
1

-63
-63
-64
-63
-63

54.56
54.65
6.29
48.25
28.49

115
115
115
115
115

YS3

20160125

60

K

3

-64

23.68

YS3
YS3
YS3
YS3
YS3
YS3
YS3
YS3
YS3
YS3

20160131
20160204
20160205
20160205
20160205
20160206
20160206
20160207
20160207
20160207

65
11
8
13
67
2
7
1
11
15

K
H
H
H
R
H
K
H
K
H

23
1
2
1
1
1
11
2
8
2

-65
-64
-64
-64
-64
-64
-64
-65
-65
-65

37.85
52.65
37.63
25.72
52.05
54.12
57.09
6.72
9.83
15.31

YS3
YS3
YS3
YS3

20160207
20160209
20160209
20160209

24
24
30
36

B
B
B
H

2
2
2
2

-65
-65
-65
-65

YS3

20160209

47

B

3

YS3

20160209

51

B

2

YS3

20160210

1

B

YS3
YS3

20160210
20160210

5
10

B
H

FormatNotes.

Opportunistic
Mixed school of
fin whale-

Table 4a. Summary of biopsy samples collected by the dedicated sighting survey.
SpeciesBlue whale
Fin whale
Southern right whale
Humpback whale
Killer whale
T otalNumber of individuals collected
7
7
1
10
8
33

*: Results of the feasibility biopsy sampling and telemetry in the Antarctic minke whale are presented by
Isoda et al., (2016).

11

SC/66b/IA

Table 4b. Summary of the biopsy data and encounter duration.
YS3

Sheet
Sight
Date
numberNo.
BY301 20151230
1

YS3

BY302 20151230

YS3
YS3
YS3
YS3
YS3
YS3
YS3
YS3
YS3
YS3
YS3
YS3
YS3

BY303
BY304
BY305
BY308
BY309
BY311
BY313
BY315
BY317
BY318
BY319
BY321
BY322

20151230
20151231
20151231
20160101
20160101
20160106
201601122016011220160113
20160113
20160115
20160117
20160117

YS3

BY323 20160119

YS3
YS3

BY324 20160119
BY325 20160119

YS3
YS3

Vesl.

Species

Scl.

Sighted Position

Start time

End time

ExperimentEst. body length

NumberNumberPosition

NumberSampleShootingof BX
9:26:57

of BX
9:38:11

duration
00:11:14

of target ind. [m]-of shoot0of hit0

struck-of sample (ind.)0

equipment
Larsen42

9:59:09

10:05:16

00:06:07

14.4, 13.5

2

2

RD2, RD1

2

42
42
42
42
42
44
44
44
44
44
44
42
42

15:02:21
12:58:17
14:15:31
9:29:17
13:33:12
14:49:09
11:25:10
17:19:30
13:23:47
14:32:41
16:50:19
13:16:43
16:48:55

15:53:40
13:30:23
15:02:12
10:09:22
13:51:20
15:31:52
11:45:42
17:56:44
13:35:45
15:17:02
17:31:56
14:03:29
17:34:13

00:51:19
00:32:06
00:46:41
00:40:05
00:18:08
00:42:43
00:20:32
00:37:14
00:11:58
00:44:21
00:41:37
00:46:46
00:45:18

6.5
22.5
4.8, 2.6
23.8
23.7, 10.5
4.2
23.2, 22.8
-

1
0
0
0
1
2
2
4
2
3
0
0
0

1
0
0
0
1
0
2
1
1
1
0
0
0

LC3
LD1
RC2
RC1
LC3
RB1a
-

0
0
0
0
1
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
0

42

9:33:36

10:09:50

00:36:14

6.4, 4.8, 4.2

42

RD2, LB1p

2

42
42

14:29:56
14:41:33

14:41:13
14:47:27

00:11:17
00:05:54

13.3
13.6

2
2

1
1

RC1
LC1

1
1

46.76

44

13:16:29

13:51:45

00:35:16

4.6, 3.7

2

2

LC3, LG1

2

28.88

42

6:29:00

6:53:30

00:24:30

20.3

2

2

RC1, LB1p

1

120

24.47

42

6:54:40

7:06:26

00:11:46

22.7, 20.5

2

2

LC1

2

37.85
52.65
37.63
25.72
52.05
54.12
57.09
6.72
9.83
34.06
11.24
8.18
1.39
53.44
46.53
43.20

121
124
125
125
126
126
126
127
127
128
128
128
128
129
129
129

40.57
42.11
3.19
22.61
33.96
39.81
50.05
10.58
28.60
6.42
39.38
28.91
54.80
7.53
17.92
23.08

42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42

11:27:20
15:20:03
10:08:52
13:55:43
18:32:03
7:44:59
8:33:01
6:02:12
7:40:30
15:00:49
7:35:13
8:06:55
10:33:59
13:11:57
14:09:57
15:18:26

11:45:11
15:38:17
10:21:35
14:10:38
18:42:44
7:52:38
9:08:31
6:16:42
8:13:04
15:59:36
8:00:15
8:45:33
10:42:43
13:45:51
14:39:19
15:42:15

00:17:51
00:18:14
00:12:43
00:14:55
00:10:41
00:07:39
00:35:30
00:14:30
00:32:34
00:58:47
00:25:02
00:38:38
00:08:44
00:33:54
00:29:22
00:23:49

5.2
13.1
13.3
12.8
13.3
5.8
13.8
5.3
24.6
27.5
11.9
25.3
23.7
21.0

1
2
2
2
2
0
2
2
1
2
0
2
2
3
2
2

1
2
2
2
2
0
2
2
1
2
0
2
2
2
2
2

LC2
LB1p, RC1
RC1, RC2
RC2, RC1LA
LC3, RC2
LB1a
LC2
LB1p, LC1
LC2, LC3
RD2, RC2
LC1
LD1, LB1p
RC1

1
1
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
1

-64

39.98

129

27.87

42

6:37:05

7:42:28

01:05:23

23.4, 22.3

6

4

RC1, RB1a

2

-64
-64
-49

38.50
24.94
45.91

129
129
-174

30.13
50.79
27.35

42
42
02

6:37:05
8:56:35
11:40:18

7:00:00
9:07:50
12:35:45

00:22:55
00:11:15
00:55:27

11.2
12.8

0
2
2

0
2
0

LC1, LD1
-

0
1
0

No.
J15YS3H001,
J15YS3H002
J15YS3F001
J15YS3B001
J15YS3F002
J15YS3K001
J15YS3F003
J15YS3K002,
J15YS3K003
J15YS3H003
J15YS3H004
J15YS3K004,
J15YS3K005
J15YS3F004
J15YS3F005,
J15YS3F006
J15YS3K006
J15YS3H005
J15YS3H006
J15YS3H007
J15YS3R001
J15YS3K007
J15YS3H008
J15YS3K008
J15YS3B002
J15YS3B003
J15YS3H009
J15YS3B004
J15YS3B005
J15YS3F007
J15YS3B006,
J15YS3B007
J15YS3H010
-

H

size
2

Lat.
-63

4

H

2

14
5
6
9
16
2
7
22
39
44
9
19
28

K
F
B
F
F
K
B
F
K
F
B
B
B

7
1
1
4
5
7
1
2
5
4
1
2
1

28

K

50
51

H
H

BY327 20160125

60

BY332 20160131

9YS3

BY333 20160131

YS3
YS3
YS3
YS3
YS3
YS3
YS3
YS3
YS3
YS3
YS3
YS3
YS3
YS3
YS3
YS3

BY334
BY339
BY340
BY341
BY342
BY343
BY344
BY345
BY346
BY348
BY350
BY351
BY352
BY353
BY354
BY355

Area

[min.]
58.56

Long.
127

[min.]
37.99

42

-64

0.86

127

39.00

-64
-64
-64
-64
-64
-62
-62
-63
-64
-64
-65
-64
-64

33.24
22.27
20.95
29.43
24.08
39.36
36.39
10.00
19.87
24.78
19.35
50.57
42.52

126
125
125
125
125
128
123
122
121
121
120
119
118

51.63
45.00
35.35
33.93
7.78
31.51
8.02
38.03
33.46
28.78
36.41
36.67
16.06

3

-63

55.65

115

44.33

2
3

-63
-63

54.56
54.65

115
115

6.08
6.16

K

3

-64

23.68

119

F

2

-65

37.03

120

10

F

6

-65

38.13

20160131
20160204
20160205
20160205
20160205
20160206
20160206
20160207
20160207
20160207
20160209
20160209
20160209
20160209
20160209
20160209

65
11
8
13
67
2
7
1
11
24
24
30
36
47
51
54

K
H
H
H
R
H
K
H
K
B
B
B
H
B
B
F

23
1
2
1
1
1
11
2
8
2
2
2
2
3
2
6

-65
-64
-64
-64
-64
-64
-64
-65
-65
-65
-65
-65
-65
-64
-64
-64

YS3

BY356 20160210

1

B

4

YS3
YS3
YS3

BY357 20160210
BY358 20160210
BY359 20160227

5
10
3

B
H
SE

1
1
1

Larsen-LarsenLarsenLarsenLarsenLarsenLarsenLarsenLarsenLarsenLarsenLarsenLarsenLarsenNo chance to shootNo chance to shootNo chance to shootNo chance to shootNo chance to shootNo chance to shootLarsen-LarsenLarsen-Larsen-Larsen-Larsen-LarsenLarsenLarsenLarsenLarsenLarsenLarsenLarsenLarsenLarsenLarsenLarsenLarsenLarsenLarsenLarsenNo chance to shootNo chance to shoot
Mixed school of fin whale-

Larsen-LarsenLarsenLarsenNo chance to shoot-Figure 1a. Research area of the 2015/16 NEWREP-A dedicated whale sighting survey.

12

Notes.
No chance to shootSC/66b/IA

Figure 1b. Research area (115oE-130oE) and trackline of the 2015/16 NEWREP-A dedicated whale sighting
survey. NE: North-Eastern stratum, SE: South-Eastern stratum.

Figure 1c. Basic design of the pre-determined track line. Two vessels alternately survey the northern and southern
strata each crossing the track line at the way-point between two strata.

Figure 1d. Standard procedures for modifications to the cruise trackline in the southern strata (IWC, 2008). If theice edge is encountered prior to reaching a planned waypoint, 2.5 n.miles from the estimated ice edge, thevessel shall follow the ice edge, off-effort, until survey can be resumed on the planned trackline. If the iceedge is not encountered on reaching a planned ice edge waypoint, research shall be conducted on abisector. Survey mode is to be changed at the planned waypoint (unless the ice edge is within 5 n.miles of
the waypoint), and again on reversing direction when the true ice edge is encountered.

13

SC/66b/IA

Figure 1e. The survey modes (NSP (P) and IO (I) modes) were set alternately in each trackline.

Figure 2. The pack-ice distributions and location of the large polynias in the research area, dated 31 January 2016using observational data acquired by the Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer 2 (AMSR2). Data
from the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), http://global.jaxa.jp/projects/sat/gcom_w/.

Figure 3a. Primary searching effort and associated primary sighting positions of blue whales (left) and fin whales(right) in the research area.

14

SC/66b/IA

Figure 3b. Primary searching effort and associated primary sighting positions of Antarctic minke whales (left)
and humpback whales (right) in the research area.

Figure 3c. Primary searching effort and associated primary sighting positions of southern right whale (left) andsperm whales (right) in the research area.

Figure 3d. Primary searching effort and associated primary sighting positions of killer whales in the research
area.

15

SC/66b/IA

Figure 4. Estimated biomass of blue, fin, humpback, Antarctic minke and southern right whales in Area IV (southof 60 S) between 1989/90 and 2007/08 seasons based on JARPA and JARPAII sighting data (Matsuoka
and Hakamada, 2014).
oFigure 5a. Breakdown of research time in hours, by effort code in the research area. BP: Passing mode searching,
BO: Independent Observer with Passing mode (IO) searching, BI: NSP or BO with in the ice area, BX:
Distance and angle estimate experiment, Photo-ID, Biopsy experiments, Satellite experiments, Net
sampling and Oceanographic observation, CO: Confirmation of school, DR: Drifting, TB: Time back to
trackline, TD: Top down steaming.

16

SC/66b/IA

Figure 5b. Breakdown of research time in hours in the research area, by wind speed in knots.

Figure 5c. Breakdown of research time in hours in the research area, by visibility in nautical mile.

17

SC/66b/IA

Appendix 1
Results of the first feasibility study on biopsy sampling on Antarctic minke whale under the NEWREP-A
Introduction
The NEWREP-A research plan includes a feasibility study on biopsy sampling in Antarctic minke whale to beundertaken along the dedicated sighting surveys. On this particular study, the NEWREP-A review workshop madethe following recommendations (IWC, 2015): a) the experiment to examine the effort required to obtain biopsy
samples from Antarctic minke whales be given high priority at the start of any long-term programme; b) involve
people with expertise in successfully biopsy sampling common minke whales in the North Atlantic; c) mimic thesampling strategy developed for lethal sampling (e.g. when dealing with schools >2); d) record information ontime taken, sea state, swell, etc. to enable a plausible measure of effort required to be developed; and e) consider
the amount of tissue and nature of tissue required (for each analysis and in total).
According to the timeline of the NEWREP-A, and in response to the NEWREP-A review workshop
recommendations, the feasibility study on biopsy sampling of Antarctic minke whale will be carried out during
the first three surveys, and the design will take into consideration the others recommendations from the NEWREPreview workshop as much as possible. Design of the feasibility study will take into consideration the previous
experience accumulated from the IDCR/SOWER (Ensor et al., 2001; 2004) and JARPA (Nishiwaki, 2000)
surveys. Final evaluation of this technique for Antarctic minke whale should be provided at the 2018 IWC SC
meeting.
As stated in the NEWREP-A research plan, final evaluation of non-lethal techniques such as biopsy sampling on
Antarctic minke whale should consider the following criteria: i) whether the same data sought can be obtained bythis non-lethal method; ii) whether it is of sufficient quality for analysis (i.e. accuracy); iii) whether the cost to
obtain the data is realistic and reasonable; and iv) whether enough data can be obtained in terms of quantity forstatistical analyses.
Study design for the 2015/16
Feasibility study of biopsy sampling on Antarctic minke whales would be based on the Larsen-gun system. The
Larsen gun is considered one of the most efficient method for biopsy sampling and it is used regularly during the
IWC POWER surveys in the North Pacific. It was also used during the former IWC IDCR/SOWER cruises.
As noted in the study plan, the objective in this year would be the training of research personnel with the Larsen
biopsy gun on Antarctic minke whales. A total of 10 trials was planned. A whale would be followed for an upper
limit of 30 minutes and attempts should be made on solitary whale. The information suggested by the NEWREPA recommendation d) above should be collected for each trial.
Results
Nine solitary Antarctic minke whales were targeted for the feasibility biopsy sampling in open seas of the northand south strata (Figure 1), and a total of 3 hours and 26minutes was spent in those trials. Biopsy samples werecollected from 5 animals (Table 1). The average time for obtaining a biopsy sample was 41 minutes.
Following s recommendation from the NEWREP-A review workshop, the weights of the biopsy samples wereobtained. The weight ranged from 0.20g and 1.20g with an average of 0.62g.
The efficiency of feasibility biopsy sampling was summarized preliminarily by Sea States (Beaufort wind scale)(Table 2). At the Beaufort scales 1 and 2 the average sampling time was less than 20 minutes, however, at thescales 3 and 4 the average sampling time higher. There was no chance to shoot at scale 5≦ because the difficulty
to approach the whale under such conditions.
Preliminary evaluation and future surveys
The main aim of this survey was the training of research personnel with the Larsen biopsy gun on Antarctic minke
whales and it is considered that such aim was achieved. This time the biopsy trials were focused on single animals
and evaluated according to the Beaufort scales. Although the sample size is too small for a comprehensive
evaluation, it seems that efficiency increase at low Beaufort scales. The number of trials should be increased andother factors considered for a more comprehensive evaluation. This will be attempted in the next survey.

18

SC/66b/IA

Future studies should also consider other recommendation from the NEWREP-A review workshop, particularly
recommendation c) above to mimic the sampling strategy developed for lethal sampling (e.g. when dealing withschools >2).
Finally it should be noted that the value of biopsy samples for the NEWREP-A research objectives should be
evaluated in parallel with the results of feasibility studies of analytical approaches that potentially use biopsy
samples (e.g. DNA-M, stable isotopes, hormones) (Government of Japan, 2015).
References
Ensor, P., Matsuoka, K., Marques, F., Miura, T., Murase, H., Pitman, R., Sakai, K. and Van Waerebeek, K. 2001.
2000-2001 International Whaling Commission-Southern Ocean Whale and Ecosystem Research (IWCSOWER) Circumpolar Cruise, Areas V, VI and I. Paper SC/53/IA5 presented to the IWC ScientificCommittee, May 2002 (unpublished).
Ensor, P., Matsuoka, K., Komiya, H., Ljungblad, D., Miura, T., Morse, L., Olson, P., Olavarria, C., Mori, M. and
Sekiguchi, K. 2004. 2003-2004 International Whaling Commission-Southern Ocean Whale and Ecosystem
Research (IWC-SOWER) Circumpolar Cruise, Areas V. Paper SC/56/IA13 presented to the IWC ScientificCommittee, May 2004 (unpublished).
Government of Japan. 2015. Research Plan for New Scientific Whale Research Program in the Antarctic Ocean(NEWREP-A). IWC.ALL.238, November 2015 (unpublished). 110pp.
International Whaling Commission. 2015. Report of the Expert Panel to Review the proposal by Japan for
NEWREP-A, 7-10 February 2015, Tokyo, Japan. Paper SC/66a/Rep6 presented to IWC ScientificCommittee, May 2015 (unpublished). 62pp. [Paper available at the IWC Office].
Nishiwaki, S. 2000. Performance of biopsy skin sampling for minke whales during the JARPN and JARPA surveys
using the ICR air gun. Paper SC/52/O5 presented to the IWC Scientific Committee, May 2000 (unpublished).
8pp.

Table 1. Summary of feasibility biopsy sampling in Antarctic minke whales.
Experiment
Vesl.

Date

number

Sight

Scl.

Sighted Position

No.

size

Lat. [min.] Long. [min.]Area

Start time

End time

Experiment

of BX

of BX

duration

Est. body length

Number Numberof target ind. [m] of shootof hit

YS3
YS3
YS3
YS3
YS3
YS3
YS3
YS3

BY312
BY314
BY316
BY320
BY326
BY328
BY336
BY337

20160110
2016011220160113
20160117
2016011920160126
20160201
20160202

1
15
7
3
58
5
13
3

1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1

-61
-62
-63
-64
-64
-65
-65
-65

5.87
58.68
37.60
54.71
15.61
44.42
59.67
58.95

124
122
122
120
115
119
123
123

26.40
48.45
12.49
17.72
38.36
25.34
5.12
2.36

44
44
44
42
42
42
42
42

16:40:23
14:10:04
8:50:20
11:26:35
17:01:45
11:04:43
14:12:32
8:44:05

17:04:47
14:42:35
9:08:43
11:39:17
17:29:39
11:39:02
14:20:03
9:00:39

00:24:24
00:32:31
00:18:23
00:12:42
00:27:54
00:34:19
00:07:31
00:16:34

6.7
5.1
6.4
7.2
8.8
-

2
0
2
2
2
0
1
0

2
0
1
1
2
0
1
0

YS3

BY338

20160202

6

1

-66

3.67

123

11.23

42

9:08:26

9:40:29

00:32:03-

00

Position

Numberof sample(ind.)
RC3, RC2
1
0
LC3
1
RC2
1
RA
1
0
RC3
1
0
struck-0

SampleShootingNo.

equipment

J15YS3M004
J15YS3M005
J15YS3M006
J15YS3M007
J15YS3M009-

LarsenLarsenLarsenLarsenLarsenLarsenLarsenLarsen-LarsenNotes.
No chance to shootNo chance to shootNo chance to shootNo chance to shoot,Whale moved into thepack ice

Table 2. Sea state and efficiency of feasibility biopsy sampling in Antarctic minke whales.
Sea state(Beaufort
wind scale)

Number ofexperiments

T argetedindividuals

Number of shoots

Number of hits

Number ofsamples (ind.)

Effort (minute)Success rate

Effort requiredfor one sample

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

(e)

(f)

(e)/(b)(f)/(e)

1

2

2

3

3

2

0:35:25100%

0:17:43

2

1

1

2

1

1

0:12:42100%

0:12:42

3

2

2

2

1

1

0:50:5450%

0:50:54

4

1

1

2

2

1

0:24:24100%

0:24:24

5≦

3

3

0

0

0

1:22:56

0%-

T otal

9

9

9

7

5

3:26:2156%

0:41:16

19

Sea state(Beaufort
wind scale)
4
3
3
2
1
5
1
6
6

SC/66b/IA

Figure 1. Geographic position of biopsy trials on Antarctic minke whales.

20SC/66b/IA

Appendix 2

Results of the first feasibility study on satellite tracking of Antarctic minke whale under the NEWREP-A

Introduction
As stated in the timeline of the NEWREP-A plan, the feasibility study on telemetry in the Antarctic minke whale
will be undertaken along with the dedicated sighting surveys, at an early stage of the first six-year period of
NEWREP-A. On this particular study, the NEWREP-A Review Panel made the following recommendations (IWC,2015): a) This experiment should be accorded high priority but notes the difficulties in the attachment andfunctioning of long-term satellite tags on minke whales in both hemispheres; b) Undertake this work incollaboration with research groups with experience in such work rather than try to develop techniques on theirown. The NEWREP-A Review Panel noted ‘the difficulties in the attachment and functioning of long-term satellite
tags on minke whales in both hemispheres’ and recommended that ‘the proponents undertake this work incollaboration with research groups with experience in such techniques rather than try on their own’.
Consequently, in planning this feasibility study, effort was spent in developing an attachment system in
consultation with the National Research Institute of Far Seas Fisheries (NRIFSF, Yokohama, Japan) and Lars
Kleivane, Norway, all of them experienced in telemetry studies.
Same as in the feasibility study on biopsy sampling, final evaluation of satellite tracking techniques should consider
the following criteria: i) whether the same data sought can be obtained by this non-lethal method; ii) whether it isof sufficient quality for analysis (i.e. accuracy); iii) whether the cost to obtain the data is realistic and reasonable;
and iv) whether enough data can be obtained in terms of quantity for statistical analyses.
Study design
The focus of the field survey in the first year would be on the attachment system.
The study was based on a pneumatic tool (the whale tag launcher: Aerial Rocket Tag System (ARTS), Lars
Kleivane and Restech Norway A/S, Norway) and satellite tag (SPOT6, Wildlife computers, WA, USA). Satellite
and dummy tags were shot by this tool from the bow deck and carried a blubber penetration-type mount system
for whales. The harpoon heads function to anchor under the skin. The tagged whales were also target of biopsy
sampling using the Larsen-gun system.
Location data were obtained from six classes of accuracy: 3, 2, 1, 0, A and B. The location classes 1–3 haveestimated accuracies of < 1500m. The location class 0 has estimated accuracies of > 1500m. The location classes
A and B have no estimated location accuracy (Argos User's Manual, 2016). In the context of migration route anddestination all three classes of low-accuracy positions contribute important information to the tracks of whales andthe errors seem insignificant relative to the scale of whale movements (Vikingsson and Heide-Jørgensen, 2015).
As mentioned above, the attachment system was discussed previously with colleagues from the National ResearchInstitute of Far Seas Fisheries (NRIFSF, Yokohama), and with Norwegian colleagues.
Results
A total of 16 trials were made (Table 1). Three dummy tags were deployed into two whales and seven satellite
tags were deployed into seven whales. A total of six biopsy samples were collected (1 dummy tagged whales and5 satellite tagged whales).
Of the seven satellite tags, three satellite tags successfully provided positions data (Argos No. 152155, 152156,
152159). Argos No. 152155 was deployed on a whale of estimated body length of 7.2m, at position 64°16′S,115°38′E on 19 January 2016 (Figure 1). Geographical positions data were received in 9 opportunities, during aperiod from 18 to 22 February 2016 (five days). These data were only location classes A and B. The whale moved
southwards and remained near the ice edge.
Argos No. 152156 was deployed on a whale of estimated body length of 8.6m, at position 64°36′S, 124°59′E on 1
January 2016 (Figure 1). The first signal with position was received on 31 January 2016. The position of the whale
was tracked for a period of 13 days until 12 February 2016. A total of 134 geographical positions data were21

SC/66b/IA

received. Among them, 37 positions data were location classes 1-3. The tagged whale moved to southeast and theneastwards along the ice edge.
Argos No. 152159 was deployed on a whale of estimated body length of 8.2m, at position 65°34′S, 128°03′E on 8
February 2016 (Figure 1). A total of 68 position data were received during the periods from 8 February to 13
March 2016 (six days). Among them, 11 positions were location classes 1-3. The whale stayed near the pack ice
area, and then moved to the southwest.
Preliminary evaluation and future surveys
A number of satellite trials (16) were made and a number of dummy (3) and satellite (10) tags were deployed into
Antarctic minke whales. The authors considered that the aim of this first field study focused on the attachment
system, was achieved partially. The attachment system should be further considered together with the performanceof satellite tagging.
Only three of seven satellite tags provided information of locations of the whales, but for a shorter period. Thenapart from a further evaluation of the attachment system under different sea conditions, methods to extend theperiod with location information should be discussed before the second field study in 2016/17.
References
Argos User’s Manual. 2016. CLS/Service Argos, Toulouse, France. Available at www.argos-system.org/manual/.
International Whaling Commission. 2015. Report of the Expert Panel to Review the proposal by Japan for
NEWREP-A, 7-10 February 2015, Tokyo, Japan. Paper SC/66a/Rep6 presented to IWC ScientificCommittee, May 2015 (unpublished). 62pp. [Paper available at the IWC Office].
Vikingsson, G.A. and Heide-Jørgensen, M.P. 2015. First indications of autumn migration routes and destinationof common minke whales tracked by satellite in the North Atlantic during 2001–2011. Marine Mammal
Science, 31(1): 376-385.

22

SC/66b/IA

Table 1. Summary of the feasibility satellite tagging study for Antarctic minke whales in 2015/16.
Vesl.
YS3
YS3
YS3
YS3
YS3
YS3
YS3
YS3
YS3
YS3
YS3
YS3
YS3
YS3
YS3
YS3

Experiment
numberST 301
ST 302
ST 303
ST 304
ST 305
ST 306
ST 307
ST 308ST 309ST 310ST 311ST 312ST 313
ST 314
ST 315
ST 316Date
20151231
20160101
20160101
20160101
20160115
2016011920160129
20160129
20160129
20160129
20160201
20160207
20160207
20160207
20160207
20160208

Sight
No.
10
7
21
22
7
58
20
23
42
43
5
6
20
21
22
10

Species
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M

Scl.
size
2
1
2
5
3
1
4
8
3
1
5
1
1
6
5
25

Sighted Position

Area

Lat.
-64
-64
-64
-64

[min.]
19.99
28.47
34.26
36.40

Long.
125
125
124
124

[min.]
22.96
30.01
45.40
59.34

-65
-64
-66
-66
-66
-66
-66
-65
-65
-65
-65
-65

18.47
15.61
37.21
41.11
53.92
51.41
0.72
9.10
20.06
22.15
26.07
34.49

120
115
119
119
119
119
122
127
128
128
128
128

37.18
38.36
28.28
36.71
42.11
42.51
50.33
15.29
4.68
3.66
3.23
2.86

42
42
42
42
44
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42

Start time

End time

Experimentof BX
15:34:26
8:28:20
14:29:34
15:24:25
15:50:08
17:32:24
9:43:35
10:32:06
14:39:27
15:01:59
7:58:24
6:41:43
12:40:49
13:13:38
13:54:01
14:52:28

of BX
16:19:00
8:47:37
14:52:10
15:55:02
16:22:43
17:49:14
10:04:55
11:08:59
14:48:31
15:07:03
8:07:11
7:05:02
12:47:11
13:34:14
14:11:36
14:57:32

duration
0:44:34
0:19:17
0:22:36
0:30:37
0:32:35
0:16:50
0:21:20
0:36:53
0:09:04
0:05:04
0:08:47
0:23:19
0:06:22
0:20:36
0:17:35
0:05:04

Est. bodylengthnumber numberof target
ind. [m] of shoot of hit
6.1
2
1
6.7
1
1
0
0
8.6
3
1
8.4
1
0
7.2
2
1
8.6
2
0
8.7
1
1
0
0
8.3
2
1
8.0
1
1
0
0
0
0
8.7
1
0
8.3
2
2
8.2
1
1

Position

ARGOS

Shooting

struck
RC1
RD1
RC1
LA
RB2
RB2
LD3
RD2, RC1
LB1p

No.
Dummy tag
152154152156
Dummy tag
152155152157152158152160
Dummy tagDummy tag
152159equipment
LK-ART S
LK-ART S
LK-ART S
LK-ART S
LK-ART S
LK-ART S
LK-ART S
LK-ART S
LK-ART S
LK-ART S
LK-ART S
LK-ART S
LK-ART S
LK-ART S
LK-ART S
LK-ART S

BiopsyexperimentNo.

Biopsysample No.

No chance to shoot

BY306
BY307

J15YS3M001
J15YS3M002

No chance to shoot

BY310

J15YS3M003

BY326

J15YS3M007

BY330

J15YS3M008

No chance to shootNo chance to shoot

BY331
BY335

-

BY347
BY349

J15YS3M010

Notes.

-

Figure 1. Movement of three satellite-tagged Antarctic minke whales. Location data in this figure are used Location
Classes of 3, 2, 1, 0, A and B. Black circle: deployed position; circles: positions of signals; dotted line: from
deployed position to first position of transmitted location data.

23

SC/66b/IA

Annex A
Ship specifications of Yushin-Maru No.3

Vessel photo:

Vessel specification:
Yushin-Maru No.3
7JCH
69.61
10.8
742
19.5
11.5
6.5
5280 / 3900

Call sign
Length overall [m]Molded breadth [m]Gross tonnage (GT)Barrel height [m]Upper bridge height [m]Bow height [m]Engine power [PS / kW]

24

SC/66b/IA

Annex B
Oversight for the 2015/16 Japanese Antarctic dedicated sighting survey
Koji Matsuoka
Institute of Cetacean Research
4-5, Toyomi, Chuo, Tokyo, 104-0055, JAPANThe plan of this survey was presented to the 2014 IWC/SC meeting (Matsuoka et al., 2014) and endorsed by the
Scientific Committee (IWC, 2014). The research activities to be conducted during the 2015/16 survey are the sameas in the original plan presented to SC65b in 2014. On behalf of the IWC Scientific Committee I carried out theoversight work during the 2015/16 Japanese Antarctic dedicated sighting survey. This is a brief report of theoversight activities conducted on that survey.
Preparatory work
I participated in a pre-cruise meeting carried out in Shiogama on 20 November 2015. The survey organizers,
researchers and crewmembers also participated in that meeting. During the meeting the organizers explained theobjective of the survey and the procedure to be used for both sighting surveys and experiments. The plannedsighting procedure was in order with that agreed by the Scientific Committee. Research vessel was available forthe survey, the R/V Yushin-Maru No.3 (YS3) (742GT). This vessel was assigned to cover the research area, southof 60°S in IWC Area IV, and in the longitudinal range of 115°E-130°E. The vessel was assigned to cover predetermined transects, normal passing mode and passing with Independent Observer mode. Two experienced
researchers were assigned to vessel.
Oversight period and method
Oversight activity was carried from the Nisshin-Maru. I was on board this vessel during the whole cruise period(between 1st December and 24 March). Thus the total survey was oversighted. The research activities in the othervessel were oversight by examining the daily report prepared by the researchers on board the Nisshin-Maru. In
some instances telephone calls were made for further clarification of the activities, procedure and sightings made.
Geographical positions and weather information of YS3 was tracked three times per day from the Nisshin-Maru.
Brief narrative of the oversight vessel
The duration of this cruise was 115 days. The YS3 departed from Shiogama, Japan on 30 November and started
the transit survey on 14 December and completed on 26 December. They started survey in the research area on 27
December and complete the research area 14 February. The vessel left the research area and started the transit
survey on 15 February, and arrived at Shiogama on 23 March.
Post-cruise meeting
I participated in a post-cruise meeting held on 21 February 2016 on the Nisshin-Maru in the Antarctic. Surveyorganizers, researchers and the Captain participated in that meeting. Apart to discuss and assess the results of thesurveys, the researchers engaged in the verification and checking of data.
Conclusion
All equipment and the survey method of vessel were the same as in the past sighting surveys. The design of thesurvey strata and track lines were improved to cover each strata completely. The planned sighting procedure wasin accordance with the guideline agreed by the SC (IWC, 2005). Objectives and procedure of the survey wereexplained to the captains, officers, crew and researcher in advance. I then endorse the information and dataobtained during the 2015/16 Japanese Antarctic dedicated sighting survey.
References
International Whaling Commission. 2005. Report of the Scientific Committee. Annex D. Report of the subcommittee on the Revised Management Procedure. Appendix 3. Requirements and Guidelines for
Conducting Surveys and Analysing Data within the Revised Management Scheme. J. Cetacean Res.
Manage. (Suppl.) 7:92-101.
International Whaling Commission. 2014. Report of the Scientific Committee. Annex G. 27pp. Bled, Slovenia,
2014. [Paper available at the IWC Office].
Matsuoka, K., Hakamada, T. and Miyashita, T. 2014. Proposal for a cetacean sighting survey in the Antarctic in
the 2014/15 austral summer season. Paper SC/65b/IA12. 4pp. [available at the IWC Office]. 27pp. [Paper
available at the IWC Office].

25