The Third IPCC Expert Meeting on Short-Lived Climate Forcers (SLCFs)

National emission inventory of SLCF for Indonesia

Didin Agustian Permadi
Nguyen Thi Kim Oanh

General approach
01

02

Sources included
Fuel combustion, biomass open burning(forest fire, crop residue OB, MSW OB),
& Other sources.

Species

Simple Portfolio
Designed

Gases: CO, NOx, NMVOC, SO2,NH3, CH4 , particulate matter(PM10, PM2.5, BC, OC).

Inventorybase-year Easy to change
colors, photosand Text.
03
EI wasdone
foraudience
the base-yearof You can simply
impress
yourand add a uniquezing2010.
 Get a modern PowerPoint Presentation that is beautifully
designed.

Spatial and temporal I hope
I believe that this Template will your Time,
04 anddistribution
Money and Reputation.

• Provincial emission wasModern PowerPoint
Presentation
distributed
to more than 300•

05

citiesMonthly emission profile wasconstructed.

Tool
ABC EIM EXCEL Spreadsheet

Coverage: sources and pollutants
SO2
NOx
No Emission Sources
I. Energy Combustion✓✓
1. Power Generation✓✓
2. Manufacturing industry
Residential and✓✓
3.
commercial✓✓
4. On-road-transportation
Air-transportation✓
✓
5.
(LTO)
Other transportations✓✓
6.
(harbour & railway)
II. Fugitive emissions and industrial process
Fugitive emissions from
1.
fuels
✓
✓
2. Industrial process
III. Open burning✓✓
1. Agro-residual-OB✓✓
2. Forest fire✓✓
3. Solid Waste OB
IV. Non-combustion emission sources
Livestock related
1. Emissions & fertilizer application
2. Methane-landfill

CONMVOC

NH3PM

CH4BCOC✓✓✓✓✓✓✓✓✓✓✓✓✓✓✓✓✓✓✓✓✓✓✓✓✓✓✓✓✓✓✓✓✓✓✓✓✓✓✓✓✓✓✓✓✓✓✓✓✓✓✓✓✓✓✓✓✓✓✓✓✓✓✓✓✓✓✓✓✓✓✓

Source and type of activity dataSources

Activity data

Type of activity data

I. Energy combustion- Energy industry

National electricity corporate (PLN) 2011

Fuel type & consumption, control technology- Manufacturing industry

Manufacturing Industrial Statistics (2011)

Fuel consumption (limited info on contro tech.)- Transport (on-road, airport, harbour,railway)

Statistics of Transportation 2011, VKT(local studies)

VKT and EF from Kimoanh et al (2019); AIT-IGES(2017)- Residential combustion

National statistics, PT Pertamina, MEMR

Fuel consumption (% of fuel type)

II. Fugitive emissions and industrial process
MEMR (2011), Jumar and Wandebori(2012), Manufacturing IndustrialStatistics (2011)

Amount of fuel sale, Industrial products- Forest fires (peat burning fromGFED)

Permadi et al (2013)

MODIS MCD45A1, land-cover, etc- Crop residue open burning

Provincial statistics, local studies

Crop production, crop to product ratio, etc.

- Municipal solid waste open burning

National statistics, Ministry of HealthPopulation, solid waste management study- Livestock related emission &fertilizer application

National statistics (2011), FAO database

Livestock headcount, manure manag., etc- Final disposal site (methane)

MPW (2011) and MoEF (2011)

Amount of waste transferred to landfills, etc.

- Fugitive emission from fuel and ind
ustrial process
III. Biomass open burning

IV. Non-combustion sourcesSummary of activity data, 2010
Sectors
Power generation

Manufacturing industry

On road transport
Air traffic
Residential & commercial

Types of activity data
Fuel consumption (Mt y-1):
Coal
Natural gas
Fuel oilBiomass
Fuel consumption (Mt y-1)CoalGasoline
Fuel oilNumber of registered vehicle(Million y-1)
LTO (*1000/year)
Fuel consumption (Mt y-1)
Coal
WoodKerosene
LPG
Charcoal

Fugitive emission from fuel-Agro residue open burning
Forest fire

Total dry crop residue openly burned (Mt y-1)
Total forest area burned, including peatland fire (ha y-1)
Total dry solid waste burned (Mt y-1)
Total number of livestock population (head, *106)
Fertilizer consumption (Mt y-1)

Solid waste open burning
Agriculture related activities

Source: Permadi et al (2018)

Gas production (Tg y-1)
Oil production (Tg y-1)
Gasoline distributed (Mt y-1)

Activity data
23.4
3.2
9.4
6.3
5.4
0.34
1.8
48344
0.028
100.5
7.3
1
20.4
8,654
29
13.7
43.5
545,881
1.26
1,359
6.8

Results of total emission, 2010
OC*5
BC*10
CO/10
PM₂₅
PM₁₀
NH₃NOxSO₂0500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

3500

Emission (Gg/year)
Energy industry
Residential
Crop residue
Livestock and fertilizer

Source: Permadi et al (2017)

Manufacturing industry
Fugitive emission
Forest fireTransportation
Industrial processes
Solid waste

4000Comparison with other works

Source: Permadi et al (2017)

Temporal and spatial distribution
0.18

Monthly fraction

0.16
0.14
0.12
0.10
0.08
0.06
0.04
0.00

BC(t km-2 year-1)

NMVOC

SO₂0.02
JanFebMar

AprBC

PM₂₅

MayJunJulAug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

Lesson learned• There are still missing
sources:• Cruise emissions• Agriculture machineries• Agricultural soils,
wetland and paddy• Etc.

• Emission modeling for on-roadtransport limited to few cities• Locally measured EFs for crop
residue OB and peat burning
are available

Coverage
Activitydata• Less information ofcontrol device in industry• Large uncertainty of solid
fuel residential
combustion

Emissionfactors
Others• Coordination with thenational GHGs emission
inventory• Uncertainty estimate

Toward More High- Resolut ion

Acknowledgment:

AIT.RRCAP - ABC emission Inventory project
SDCC/AIT-France Network
PEER-NSF-USAID