a .ft"'~f.~~~~~·ic.:fTransactions and Proceedingsof thePalaeontological Society of Japan
New SeriesNo. 19Palaeontological Society of Japan

September 20, 1955

CONTENTS
TRANSACTIONS
268. Electron-Microscopic Fine Structure of Fossil Diatoms-III .................... .
... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... Haruo OKiJNo 53
269. Notes on Some Tertiary Plants from Korea (Tyosen)-V Kazuo HuzioKA 59
270. Discovery of Procenltopyge in the Clmangia Zone in Manchuria, witha Note on the Ceratopygidae.

Miscellaneous Notes on the Cambro-

Ordovician Geology and Palaeontology, No. XXV ................................ .
... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... Teiichi KoBAYASlii and Takeo IcHIKAWA 65
271. On Some Molluscan Fossils from the Palaeogene W akkanabe Formationin Hokkaido ............................................................... Satoru UnzUMl 73
272. On Some Miocene Species of Dosinia from Japan ......... Saburo KANNo 81
273. A Fossil Palm Trunck from Kanazawa ..................... Yudzuru OGURA 85
PUBLICATIONS RECEIVED (10) ...............................................................

88

President:

Hisakatsu Y ABECouncillors:

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ENno, Haruyoshi FuJIMoTo (Publication), Shoshiro HANZAWA, Kotora
1-IATAI, lchiro HAYASAKA, Nobuo IKEBE, Teiichi KoBAYASHI (Editor), Jiro
MAKIYAMA, Tatsuro MATSUMoTo, Masao MINATo, Tokio SHIKAMA, Fuyuji
TAKAI (General Affairs), Hisakatsu YABE.

All Communications relating to this Journal should be addressed to the
PALAEONTOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN
Geological Institute, Faculty of Science, University of Tokyo, Japan

Trans. Proc. Palaeont. Soc. Japan, N.S .. No. 19, pp. 53-58, pis. 8 9, 2 text-figs., Sept. 20, 1955

268. ELECTRON-MICROSCOPIC FINE STRUCTURE OF
FOSSIL DIATOMS. III*HARUO OKUNO
Kyoto University of Textile Fibers

6 fill .:Di2E~. Actinoptyclms rmdulatus ( Y :/. IJ 'h, '~" :/ .r.
rjJI:.J!tH~ht.: J{,Q)), Coscinodiscus clegans (~~!lil:M:
iff!(!' &:1 iR:t&!liJi!li). CalonciB hitoyosic11sis (~fiji. fm*JJ;'l,~Ml.ftim). Strmroneis p/zoC11ice11terou (tJ~:i(m1}1Jn~). Pimmlaria lzigocnsis (¥Jf~ll. l!!t+JJ;.!P.!ii'fJlMil?t). Gomphoncma acumi11al11m var. corona/a(:=
ifCYJif*Ft· :k0'*!1!.fl:Nim) Q)~*tiJ~llJ~I:."'?I.•"CIT~L-t.:o~ 1i!f ;fF 1$
f~fE~Q)'ilt=f-i!l!XfjWJ!lUIIlflililli. III:"/ P'jl€, iffl!/i{f'j!f~~~± 'Hyflo Super-Cel'Actinoptyclms mzdulatus .(BAILEY) RAu•s

opening freely outwards. Thickness ofthe netveined membrane is about O.G p.,
and that of the finely porous membrane
is about 1.2 p.. The single valve is thesame in its structure as the outerstratum of the double valve. Meshes of
the netveined membrane are polygonal.
4-5 in 10 fl·, arranged in rows parallel tothe median radius of the sector. Poresof the inner membrane and the innerstratum are about 16-18 in 10 p.. arranged
in two tangential directions (Text-fig. 1-A,
C). By the present electron microscopy,
the following details were elucidated :1. Arrangements of the meshes and thesieve pores are quite independent of eachother. 2. Meshes are about 2 f£ in diameter, and through a mesh, 4-10 sieve
pores of the inner membrane are seen.
3. Sieve pores both in the inner membrane and the inner stratum are round,
about 100-300 mp. in diameter (Text-fig.
1-C: Pl. R. fig. 1b). In the present specimens. the sieve pores were found without closing membranes. (They might
possibly have been lost by weathering.)
In my previous paper (1952), I describedthe valve of this species as having a

Text-fig. 1; PI. 8, Figs. la, b.
Acti11optyclms rmdttlatus (BAlLEY) RALFS, Bo·
YER. 1926, Synop. North Amer. Diat., pt. 1,
p. 64.-HUSTEDT. 1930. Kieselalg., pt. 1, p.
475, fig. 264.-MILLS, 1933, Index. p. 117.0KUNO, 1952, Bot. Mag. Tokyo, vol. 6.5, p.
161, pl. l, figs. 3a-3'.

Valves circular, divided into six sectors
alternately elevated and depressed.
Diameter 60 (20-150) p.. Valves often
doubly stratified. In the present specimen the one valve (epitheca ?) was
double and the other (hypotheca ?) was
single (Text-fig. 1-B. C). When thefrustule is observed in girdle view under
the light microscope, it can be clearlyseen that the outer stratum of the double
valve is further consisted of two membranes. the outer coarsely netveined
membrane and the inner finely porous
membrane. The inner stratum is thesame in its structure as the inner membrane of the outer stratum. Thus theouter stratum forms an incomplete loculi* Read Dec. 19, 1954; received Jan. 8, 1955.
53

54

Haruo OKUNo

finely porous outer membrane and acoar3ely net,·eined inner membrane. But
by the result of the present obserYation,
the description must be corrected as
detailed above.
Habitat: Marine, littoraL often planktonic.
Occurrence: In diatomite. Specimen.
nos. m 830. E 231. Lompoc, California,

A

U.S.A Miocene. (In refined commercial
diatomite 'Hyflo Super-Cel' of JohnsManville Products.)
Cosci?wdiscus elegans GREVILLR
Pl. 8. Fig,;. 2a, b.

Coscinodiscus clegaus GREVILLE, 0KIINO, 1953,
Bot. Mag. Tollyo, vol. 66, p. 123, pl. 1, fig.
15; 1954, 1'ra11s. Proc. Palaeo11/.
Soc. ]apmz, NS., No. 13, p. 128,
pl. 14, fig:>. la-c.

Bc
Text·fig. 1. Actilloptyclws zmdu/alus. A. Valve view. showing the meshes of the outer stratum and the directions ofrow:> of sieve pores. B, Girdle view; note the double epitheca.
C, Diagram of the electron-micra:>copic fine structure of apart of the double valve. il, Incomplete loculus. im, Inner
membrane of the outer stratum. is. Inner stratum. mos.
Mesh of the outer stratum. om. Outer membrane of the outerstratum. os. Outer stratum. sm, Side membrane of the incomplete locLilns. sp, Sieve pore. (Cf. PL 8. FigS. la, h)

In the above-mentioned
papers, I reported someelectron- microscopic structure of the loculus of thisspecies based upon fossilsDfrom Hirosaki Basin, Oki and
Sa do Islands. In almost every
case of those specimens, theouter membranes of theloculi were lost. And I foundonly in a few specimens a
sort of non-porous membrane
which I presumed and reported at that time as likely tobe the outer membrane of theloculus. Recently in fossils
which I collected from Sado
Island in 1953, I could findundamaged loculi of distinctly
Cosci1wdi'scus type.
The
loculus was rounded or angular, with an outer porous
sieve membrane and an innerclosing membrane. The outersieve membrane has manyround sieve pores about 100170 nlfL in diameter. The
inner closing membrane.
photogrammetrically about
1) The years of collection are:Old specimen, 1942; Sado specimen, 1944; Hirosaki specimen,
1948.

E'ectron-microscopic fine structure of fo.;;sil diatoms.

150 m~t thick. had a central opening
about 1 p, in diameter. Judging fromtheir frequency of safe presence in fossils,
the outer sieve membranes are likely to
be more delicate and fragile than the
inner membranes. In the previous paper.
I put the loculus of this species in "TypeNo. 15 "2', but now by the discovery of
the porous outei· membrane, it must betransferred to "Type No. 22"3' (cf.
OKV:\0, 1953, pp. 123-124).
Habitat: Marine. planktonic.
Occunence: In diatomite. (Specimen,
no. m 877, E 249) Sawane-ch6, Sado Island.
Niigata Prefecture.
Upper Miocene,
Nakayamatoge Formation.

Caloueis lzitoyosiensis 0Ku:-~o, sp. nov.
Pl. 8, Figs. 3a-d.

Valvis elongato-ellipticis, cum polis
subrostratis. Ca. 75 ft Iongis. ca. 28ft
Iatis. Area axillaris lineari-lanceolata.
Area centralis asymmetrice dihtata,subrhomboideo-elliptica. Striis raclianti.
bus, 14-lG in 10 J.L, ad medium abbreviatis,
ad submarginem a linea longitudinaliinterruptis.
The present new species is allied toCaloneis amphisbaena BoRY var. subsalina (Do:-.~KIN) Cr.EVE and C. formosa(GREG.) CLEVE, from which it differs in
the following points :In its electron-microscopic fine structure the loculus of this species is nearlyakin to that of Pimmlaria. The loculus
is transversely long, with an outer finely
porous sieve membrane and ·an inner
membrane with an opening. The outersieve membrane has about four transverse rows of sieve pores4>. Sieve poresare rounded or angular. about 7(}-100m~t
in diameter, about 6-7 in 1 ft. Closing
membrane of the sieve pore is not yet
found. The inner closing membrane isthin. and near its outer margin has alinear elliptic opening about 0.5-1 ft long
and about 0.3-0.5 ft broad. The openingsof the inner membranes are arranged
in a submarginal, arcuate line forming
the so-called ' longitudinal band '.
Habitat: Fresh water.
Occurrence: In diatomite. (Sp~cimen,
nos. 1543. E 251-Holotype) Nishise-mura.
Kuma-!,>'1.111, Kumamoto Prefecture. Pleistocene.

Stauro11eis phoeuiceutm·mz (NITzscH)
EHREKBERG
Pl. 9, Fig3. la-c.

Stauromis plwenicenter011 (Nrrzscn) EHREN·
BERG, HUSTEDT. 1930, Bacill., p. 255, fig.
404.-HANNA, 1933, 23-24/h Rep. Florida
St. Ceo/. Surv., p. 89, pl. 2. figs. 4, 9.1\Itns. 1934, Im)ex, p. 1465.-0I<UNo, 1949,
Bot. Mag. Tokyo, vol. 62. p. 98, pi 3, fig.
8; 1952, Atlas Foss. Diat., pl. 19. fig. 4.

Valves lanceolate, usually \vith slightly

E_n_d___ _s_t_~_·a_e_in_Io_P·=~--A~i~_ _ _ _ _ _ _ J_ _ _1

1

C. amphisbaena

rostrate

var. subsali11a ·

1

16-18

55

Ill

-~--Central- area

\ broad lanceolate

I asunited with the axial areaa lanccolate hyaline area

- - - - - - - - - - - - --1-------~-----1

c. hitoyosiensis

subrostrate

14-16

linear lanceolate~ubrhomiloid

I~u~ded -.

14

linear lanceolate

subrhomhoid elliptic

elliptic~~----1

C. formosa

2) Loculus with the non-porous outer mem. brane.
3) Loculus with the porous outer membrane.

4) Cf. Kor.RE, 1943, Ber. Deut. Bot. Ges., 1lOl.
61, p. 94. pl. 4, figs. 14, 14a; 0KUNO, 1950,
Bot. Mag. Tokyo, vol. 63, p. 102, pl. 4, figs. 5, 5'.

56

Haruo 0KUNO

protracted obtuse ends. 120 (70-325) !.£long, 26 (16-53) !.£ broad. Axial area
linear. Central area dilated to a stauros.
Striae radiate, about 12-16 in 10 !.£, punctate. Outline of the valve considerably
variable. Electron optically, the porouspart of the valve is composed of twoalternating areas, the thin membraneous
area and the thick costal area. The
thin membraneous area has a transverse
row of sieve pores. The thick area seems
to be more or less projected in- or outwards. Sieve pores very variable inshape; round (about 50-100 mi.£ in diameter) to linear, about 20 in 10 /.£. Near
the axial area, sieve pores are round :near the margin of the valve. often
l·inear. Sometimes sieve pores are divided into two lens-shaped secondary sieve
pores. Closing membrane of the sieve
pore is not yet found.
Habitat: Fresh water, littoral, very
common.
Occurrc11ce: In diatomite. (Specimen,
no. 1312) Rutaka, Saghalien. Pleistocene.

Sieve pores round, 5-6 in 1 !.£, about 50110 mi.£ in diameter, arranged in transverse and two oblique rows. Closing
membrane of the sieve pore is not yet
found. Inner membranes very thin, eachwith an opening about 2-4 J1- long andabout 0.3-0.5 !.£ broad. Through the
opening of the inner membrane, 3-5(usually 4) transverse rows of sieve
pores of the outer membrane are seen.
According to my research, many fossilsof the Pimtttlaria species were foundwith well preserved outer and inner
membranes. (cf. 0KUNo, 1954, Bot. Mag.
Tokyo, vol. 67. pp. 173-177.)
Habitat: Fresh water.
Occurrence: In diatomite. (Specimen,
nos. 1543, E 260-Holotype) Nishise-mura,
Kuma-gun, Kumamoto Prefecture. Pleistocene.
Gomplzonema acumi1zatum EIIRENBF.RG
var. corouata (EtmENBP.RG)

w. SMITH
Text-fig. 2; Pl. 9, Figs. 3a-d.

Pimzularia higoemis 0KuNo, sp. nov.
Pl. 9, Figs. 2a-c.

Valvis linearibus elongatis, medio
leniter inflatis, cum polis subcapitatis.
Ca. 210-260 !.£ long is. ca. 22-24 !.£ latis.
Rhaphe leniter arcuata. Area axillaris
late-linearibus, ca. 5 Jl- latis. Area centralis asymmetrice dilatata. subelliptica.
Striis radiantibus, 9-11 in 10 !.£, a linea
Iongitudinali interruptis.
This new species is akin to P. Tabcllaria EnRF.NBERG, from which it differs
in its larger valve. coarser striae. andthe presence of the longitudinal band.
Loculi transverse. about 9-11 in 10 !.£.
Both the outer and the inner membranesof the loculi are well preserved. The
outer membrane has many sieve pores.

Gomphoncma acumi1talum EHRENBERG var.
corona/a (EHRENBERG) W. SMITH, HusTEDT, 1930, Bacill., p. 370, fig. 681.-MILLS.
1934, Index, p. 773.-0KUNO, 1953, Bot. Mag.
Tokyo, vol. 66, p. 122, pl. 1, f~g. 5.

Valves wedge-shaped, strongly biconstricted, with broad apiculate apex andnarrow basis; 84 (50-100) !.£long, 12 (1012) !.£ broad. Axial area narrow, central
area with a stigma unilaterally. Frustulepores arranged in slightly radiating rows,
10-11 in 10 !.£.
By the present electron microscopy it
was revealed that the porous part ofthe valve is composed of two transverse
areas alternately thin and thick (Textfig. 2). The thin area is membrancous,with a transverse row of sieve pores.
The thick area (costa) probably projects

Electron-microscopic fine structure of fossil diatoms.

Ill

57

round holes without closing membranes (Pl. 9. fig. 3d). Holes about
100-150m,u. in diameter, 12-15 in 10,u.,
arranged in transverse rows as in
the mantle.
Habitat : Fresh water, littoral,
often epiphytic.
Occun-cuce : In diatomites. Specimen. no. 357, E 252. Arii-mura,
Minamimuro-gun. Mie Prefecture.
Holocene. Specimen, no. 1.270. Nogami-mma. Kusu-gun, Oita Prefecture. Upper Pliocene.
Text-fig. 2. Diagram of the electron-microscopic fine structure of a pat·t of the valve ofGomphonema acuminatum var. corona/a. em,
Closing membrane of the sieve pore. il, Incomplete loculus. r, Raphe. sp. Sieve pore. ssp.
Secondary sieve pore. tim, Thick area of thevalve. tna, Thin area of the valve. (Dotting
is used for shadowing only.) (Cf. pl. 9, Figs.
3a-d)

somewhat deeply inwards. Thus by thepresence of thin and thick areas, thevalve is probably made incompletely
locular. Sieve pores are round or
rouncl.ish, almost completely closed by adelicate closing membrane. leaving marginal horee-shoe-shaped secondary sieve
pores. Usually the closing membrane is
fixed to the lateral margin of the sieve
pore by a short stalk. Sometimes thestalks of two adjacent sieve pores arearranged oppositely, and in such cases
the two paired sieve pores give the appearance of the frustule pores with two
opposite sieve pores found in Tn'ceratium
Shadboltianzem var. elougata, Ditylum
Brightwellii, and Biddulplu'a Titia11a (cf.
OKUNo, 1950, Bot. Mag. Tokyo, vol. 63,
p. 99, pl. 2, figs. 4, 4'; 1952, l. c., vol. 67,
p. 172, Text-fig. 1, 2-A, pl. 1, figs. la-d).
In the mantle. the sieve pores sometimes
have 2:-shaped secondary sieve pores,
and in the girdle, the frustule pores are

References (1)BoDEI'i, B. (1950), Some marine plankton diatoms from the West coast of South Africa.
Trans. R. Soc. S. Ajr., vol. 32. (Jt. 4.
BoYER, C. (1926-27), Synopsis of North
America Diatomaceae. pts. I, II. Proc. Acad.

Nat. Sci. Phi/ad., t•ol. 78, Suppl., vol. 79,
Sup pl.
BRUN, ]. and TEMPERE, ]. (1889), Diatomees
Fo~siles du japon.
CALVERT, R. (1930), Diatomaceous earth. Amer.

Chem. Soc., Monogr. Ser., no. 52.
CLEVE-EULER, A. (1951), Die Diatomeen vonSchweden und Finnland. Kzmgl. Svenska
Vet.-Akad. Hand/., vol. 2, no. 1.
CLEVE, P. T. (1894-95), Synopsis of the 1\aviculoid Diatoms. pts. I, II. Kong!. Svenska

Vet.-Akad. Hand/., vol. 26, no. 2, vol. 27,
3.
CUPP, E. E. (1943). Marine plankton diatom»of the west coast of North America. Bull.
110.

Scrips Inst. Ocean., Univ. Cal., vol. 5, no. 1.
HANNA, G. D. (1933). Diatoms of the Florida peat
deposits. 23-24/lz Ann. Rep. Florida St.
Ceo/. Surv., pp. 57-120.
--and GRANT, W.M. (1926), Miocene marine
diatoms from Maria Ivladre Island, Mexico.

Proc. Cal. Acad. Sci., 4th Ser., vol. 15, 110. 2,
pp. 115-193.
- - (1929), Brackish-water Pliocene diatoms
from the Etchegoin Formation of Central
California. ]our. Paleont., vol. 3, pp. 87100.

58

Haruo 0KUNOHELMCKE, J-G. and KRIEGER, W. (1951), De·

Diatomeemonstration einiger raumrichtiger Rekonstruktionszeichnungen von Diatomeenschalen.
Verh. Deut. Zoo/. Ges. lVilhelmshaven, pp.
438-443.
- - (1951), Feinbau von Diatomeenschalen in
Einzeldarstellungen, 2. Die Gattung Aclmanthes BoRY. Zeits. wiss. Mikrosk. u. mikro.
Tec/m., vol. 60, pp. 197-202.
- - (1952), Feinbau der Kieselschalen der

KtiTZING. Ber. Deut. Bot. Ges., vol. 65, pp.

Cyclotella comta (EHRENBERG)

69-71.
- - (1953-54). Diatomeenschale:1 im elektronenmikroskopischen Bild. I, II.5>
HELMCl\E, J.·G. (1954). Die Feinstruktur derKieselsaure und ihre physiologische Bedeutung in Diatomeenschalen. Naturw. 41]ahrgang., H. 11. pp. 254-255.

5) The present writer has not yet seen these publications.

Explanation of Plate 8
L.M.: Light 1\Iicrograph. E.M.: Electron Micrograph.
Electron micrographs without special remarks were all
obtained from the dir.::ct preparations.
Figs. la, b. Actinoptychus undulatus (BAILEY) RALFS. Lompoc, California, U.S.A. I a (L.M. x 750).
1b (E.iL x 6000). la. b. Obtained from the same valve. (Cf. Text·fig. 1)
Figs. 2a, b. Coscinodiscus elegans GREVILLE. Sawane-cho, Niigata Pref. 2a (L.M. x600). 2b (E.M.
X 12000).
Figs. 3a-d. Ca!oneis hiioyosicnsis 0Ku:-:o, sp. nov. Nishise-mura, Kumamoto Pref. 3a, b (L.M. Sa
x500, 3b xiOOO). 3c, d (E.M. Formval substratum. 3c x10000, 3d x20UOO). 3a-d, Obtained from the same valve.

Explanation of Plate 9
Figs. la·c. Stauroncis phoe11icentero11 (NITZSCII) EHRENBERG. Rutaka, Saghalien. la, b (L.M. lax 400, 1b x 1000). lc (E.l'd. Formval substratum. x 6000). la-c, Obtained from the same
valve.
Figs. 2a-c. Pimwlaria higoensis OKUNo, sp. nov. Nishise-mura, Kumamoto Pre f. 2a (L.M. x 200).
2b, c (E.M. Fornwal substratum. 2b x3000,. 2c x 14000).
Figs. Sa-d. Goinp!toucma acumi11alum EHRENBERG var. cormwta (EHRENBERG) ·w. SMITH. 3a-c,
Arii-mura, .Mie Pref. 3a (L.M. x 1000). 3b, c (E.M. Formval substratum. 3b x4000. 3cx20000). 3cl,'Nogami-mura. <)ita Pref. (E.M. Collodion substratum. x2000. m, Mantle.
g, Girdle). 3a-c, Obtained from the same valve. (Cf. Text·fig. 2)

OJ<u No : Fine Structure of Fossil Diatoms

Pr.ATE

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Trans. !'roc. Palaeont. Soc. Japan, N.S .. No. 19, pp. 59-64, pl. 10. Sept. 20, 1955

269. NOTES ON SOME TERTIARY PLANTS FROM KOREA( TYOSEN). V*
KAZUO HUZIOKA
Mining College, Akita University

llilltf~M3fi!Witmft.:fi V. 7 .t!it 8 ~~ l.t-:o .::. <7)? -tj Platycarya H~~ ·-c fll!(!l;i!JIFIS~.'il.:~g:u.J:~·jS·-c~~o~flill -

!13--------

Contents

formation, N. Kankyo-Do (ENIJO, 1938)
Engelharcltia korcanica (>ISHl: Eugcllwrcltia Bed
and Kyusin coal-bearing bed, N. KankyoDo (Olsi!I, 1936. p. 58, Tex:t·figs. 1-3; EN·

Genus Engellumltia: E. korcanica (HSHI
Genus Platycarya: Cfr. P. miocenica Hu et
CHANEY
Genus Ptcrocarya: P. asymmctrosa KoN'No
Genus Nclumbium: N sp.
Genus Cercicliphyllum: C. cre11atum (UNGER)
BROWN
Genus Lirioclcnclro/1: L. mcisencn.~e EN no
Genus Acsculus: A. majus (NATIIORST)TANAI, and Cfr. A. miochinemis Hu et

DO, 1939, p. 337, Pl. 23. figs. 1-2; ENUO,

1943, p. 296)
]uglans nigella BEER: Ryudo formation, N.
Kankyo-Do (TATEIWA, 1\!2!'1); Kantindo
formation, N. Kankyo-Do (gNDO. 1938)]. acuminata HEER:
Kantindo formation,
N. Kankyo-Do (ENDo, 1938)]. sp.: Tusen coal-bearing bed, Kogen-Do( ENuo, 1938)
Pterocarya cfr. clenticulata (WEB.): Kantindo
formation, N. Kankyo-Do (ENDO, 1938)
P. sp.: Tusen coal-bearing bed, Kogen-Du

CHANEY

Family Juglandaceae
Two genera of Juglandaceae, ]uglans
and Platycarya. are now living in the
Korean peninsula. Their specific names
and geographic distributions are follows :(ENUO, 1938)

In the writer's disposal the following
genera and species of Juglandaceae were
determined in the Miocene floras of
Korea: Eugelhardtia korcanica 0Islll,
Cfr. Platycarya miocc1zica Hu et CHANEY,
and Pterocarya asymmctrosa KoN'No.

]ugl011S mancls/mrica MAXIM.: Korea (northern half), 1\lanchuria, China, Ussuri,
Dahurica, and Siberia.
]. sinensis DoDE: Korea (southern provinces),and China.
Platycarya strobilacea SIEH.'et Zucc.: Korea(southern half), Japan and China.

Genus Eugellwrdtia LESCIIEN

Engelhardtia lwrecmica OISIIJThe following fossils of Juglandaceae
have been reported by previous authors
from Korea:
Kantindo

Engellzarcltia korcanica OISHI: ()ISIII (1936),
p. 58, Text-figs. 1-3. ENDO (1939), p. 337,
PI, 23, Figs. 1-2. ENDo (1943), p. 296.

* Read June 26, 1954; received March 24, 1955.

Of the genus Engellwrdtia. about fifteen species now exist in tropical andCaryascrracfo/ia (GoPPERT):

59

60

Kazuo lll.JZIOKA

subtropical Asiatic monsoon regions excepting the single species of Central
America.
In 1936 tliSIIJ first described E11gelltardtia lwreamca from Kokangen coalmine in N. Kankyo-Do, based upon the
singular involucre with two marginalnerves on each lobe at the \ving. The
bed in which Etzgellwrdtia koreamca wasfound l1as been called the Engelhardtia
Bed. ENoo (1943) also recorded thisfrom the Miocene rocks of coal-mine. N.
Kankyo-Do. Fossils of E1lgellzardtia
have never been found in any other
Eastern Asiatic Tertiary deposits.
The genus is not at present represented in Korea.
Occurre11ce :- Ryul10kudo, Kokangencoal-mine, N. Kankyo-Do; E11gel/un·dtia
Bed (Miocene) ; Colis. KoDAIRA andUoTANI.
Genus Platycm")•a SIEB. et ZUCC.

Cfr. Platycarya miocenica
Hu et CHANEY
Plate 10, Figure 8
Compare:Platycarya mioccnica Hu et
CHANEY: 1940, p. 27, Pl. 4, Figs. 6, 7:
Pi. 5, Figs. 1, 3, 4.

The single fragmental leaflet whichlacks the basal part, as shown in the
figure, is closely comparable with Platycarya mi'occnica described by Hu andCnANEY from the Miocene Shanwang
flora of China. P. mz'ocenica shows aclose resemblance to P. strobilacer SJEB.
et Zucc., a common species found inpresent day forests of southern Korea
as well as in China and Japan.
Occtet'1'C1tce :-Kinkodo, Usen-men. Geizitu-gun. N. Keisho-Do: White diatomaceous mudstones of Changi Group(Miocene); Coils. KonAIRA and UoTAI"I.

Genus Pterocarya KUNTH.

Pterocarya asymmctrosa KoN'No
Plate 10, Figure 9

Pterocarya asymmctrosa KoN'No: KoN'No(1931), Pl. 16, Figs. 5-7; Pl. 17, Figs. 1-5;
Pl. 19, Fig. 3. T ANAl (1952), p. 124.

Many detached leaflets which are referable to Pteracarya asymmctrosa KoN'rm
of the Omi flora in Japan were examined.
P. asymmetrosa is quite similar to theliving P. rlz01jolia Sum. et Zucc. of Japanand frequently occm·s in the Miocene
plant beds of Japan.
At present there is representative of
the genus Pterocarya in the Korean
peninsula, but there ai'e ten species of
the genus widely distributed in otherregions of Eastern Asia.
Hu and CHANEY (1940, p. 75, Pl. 4:3,
Fig. 1) described Pterocarya (?) serrulata
hom the Shanwang flora of Shantungpr.:>vince in China, but differ3 from oursin the more linear lanceolate leaflet.
· Cther species similar to P. asymmetrosa
are P. castanaefolia (GoPPERT) MENZEL(Gorrl':RT : 1855, p. 27, PI. 18, Fig. 18)of the European Miocene floras and P.
mixta (KNoWLToN) BRoWN (1937, p.170,
Pl. 47, Figs. 2, 3) from the Latah formation of Washington.
Occurre11ce :-Kinkodo, Usen-men, Geizitu-gun, N. Keisho-Do; Laminated shaleof Changi Group (Miocene) ;Colis.
KooAIRA and UoTANI.
Kisshu-town, Kisshu-gun, N. KankyoDo: White shale of Kisshu formation(Miocene); Coli. OISHI.
Genus Nelumbium JUSSIEU

Nelumbium sp.
Plate 10, Figure 10

Description :-General outline of leaf

Notes on Some Tertiary Plants from Korea (Tyosen) V

unknown. Primary nerves stout, 17 in
number. radiating from the center ofleaf. Finer veins near the center forming
delicate polygonal meshes.
Remarks aud comju1rison :-Only afragmental specimen, which preserved
its central part only, was determined.
As far as can be observed this leaf isreferable to the genus Nelumbium andmay be distinguished from the known
species by the number of the primaryveins.
ENno described the Palaeogene andthe Miocene Nelumbium from Japan and
Saghalien under the name of Nelumbo
nippo11ica ENDO (1934, p. 255, Pis. 36-38).
Of these the Miocene leaves bear 23
primary nerves and the Palaeogene leaves 21.
In Japan Nelzmzbium appeared in thelatest stage of the Cretaceous period
and ranged to the Pleistocene epoch.
The range of N. nucifera GAERT., whichis commonly cultivated in ponds andswamps of Korea, is now restricted in
its natural growth to Southern Asia.
This Nelzembium sp. from the Eugelhardtia Bed is the first report on theoccun-ence of the genus from Korea.
Occurrence :-Ryuhokudo, Kokangcn
coal-mine, N. Kankyo-Do: E1lgelltardtia
Bed (Miocene); Coils. KonAIRA andUoTANI.

61

For further references, see BRoWN (1935
and 1939).

Ccrci'diplzyllum crcmztum is quite
similar to the living C. japmzicum S11m.
et Zucc., but was distinguished by BRowNin that the latter leaf is shorter in proportion to width and more symmetricthan the former. The Korean leaves
here described are generally small,symmetric and longer in proportion to
w·idth, though they vary considerably inboth shape and size.
Cercidipllyllum crcuatum is one of themost common species in the Aniaian(Lower Miocene) floras in Japan. The
localities previously known to us are as
follows: Abura of Hokkaido (Huzioi<A,
1950, p. 4), Aniai of Akita pref.. Aburadoof Yamagata pref. (TANAI, 1952), Sekiof Niigata pref., and Kawai of Shimane
pref., etc.
Occurrence : Yutendo, Meisen-gun, N.
Kankyo- Do; Ryudo formation (Miocene): Coil. OisHI.
Ryuhokudo, Kokangen coal-mine, N.
Kankyo-Do; Engellzardtia Bed (Miocene): Colis. KonAIRA and UoTANI.
Kantindo, Meisen-gun, N. Kankyo-Do;
Kantindo formation (Miocene) ; Coil.
OISHI.
Kisshu-town, Kisshu-gun, N. KankyoDo; White shale of Kissbu formation(Miocene); Coli. 0Islll.

Genus Cercidipllyllum SIEB. et ZUCC.
Genus Liriodeudrotl L.

Cercidiphyllum cre1latum(U:o-;GER) BRow:-;

Liriodendrotz meisemmse ENno

Plate 10, Figures 6 and 7

Plate 10, Figures 4 and 5

Dombeyopsis crena/a UNGER: 1850, p. 488.
Cercidiphyllum crenatum (UNGER) BRowN:
BROWN (1935). p. 68, Figs. 1, 6, 8-10. BRoWN(1939), p. 496, Pl. 56, Figs. 7, 15. 16. TANAI(1952). p. 129, Pl. 5. Fig. 4.
Cercidip/lyllwn japonicum, ENDO (1939). p.
345. Pl. 23, Fig. 7.

Liriodeudro11 meisenense ENDO: 1939, p. 345,
Pl. 23. Fig. 12.

Tn 1939 Ermo discovered fossil samaraof Liriodendron named L. meisenetzse
from the Kantindo formation of N. Kankyo-Do. In the present disposal, samara

Kazuo HuzioKA62

and leaf. both of which are in an unsatifaclory state of pre1:'ervation. were
newly found among the specimens fromthe Eugclllllrdtia Bed of N. Kankyo-Do.
The samara can almost safely be ·referred to the type specimen of L. mci·
setteusc. The leaf, which is shown in
PI. 10, Fig. 5, shows characteristic lobation and nervation to Liriodetzdron,though it is quite fragmental tut sufficient to permit a critical comparison withthe known species. In this treatment
the leaf is provisionally assigned to L.
mciseucusc as it o..:curred in same bed
with the fruit of L. meisettense.
Occurrcucc :-Ryuhokudo. Kokangencoal-mine, N. Kankyo-Do: Eugelltardtia
Bed (Miocene); Colis. KooAIRA andUoTANI.

(~cnus £lescufus

L.

The genus Acsculus docs not exist in
the modern forest of Korea. As ~hownin the follow·ing list only four species
are found in the temperate deciduous
forests of Eastern Asia :A. tiissimi/is BLUME: Japan (Hokkaido).
A. lurbi11ala Br.UME: Japan (southern partof Ho:tkaido, I [on,;hii, Shilw!m, and northernpart of Kyilshii).
A. chinetlsis BUNGE: China (Chihli, Shensi,
Honan, and Shansi).
A. wi/so11i REHDER: China (Hunan. Hupeh,
Szedmwan, and Chekiang).

Only Acsculus sp. of the Tusen floraof Kogen-Do has been recorded by EKoo
(1939). Two additional species of Aesculus have been found from the Miocene
floras of Korea, and are here recorded.

,1.esculus majus (NATHORST) TANAI
l'iatc 10, Figures 1 and 2

Aesculipltylltmtmajus NATHOJ{ST: 1888. p. 6.
Pl. 1,-Fig. 3.

Aesculiphyllum minus NATIIOHST: 1888, p.
11, Pi. 2, Fig. 9.
Aesculus majus (NATIIOHST) TANAJ: 1952,
p. 131.

In 1888, NATHORST described two species of Aesculus under the form-genericname of AesculijJ!tyllum from Japan:
A. majus from the Aniai coal-bearing
formation of Kayakusa in Akita pref.
and A. minus from the Aburado coalbearing formation of Aburado in Yamagata pref. NATHORST's specimens are
represented by detached leaflets which
proved to be nothing but Acsculus andhave been renamed by TANAI (1952). A.
majus is seemingly unscparable from A.
minus in the NA TlloRsT's figure. These
leaflets are common in the Aniaian(Lower Miocene) floras of NortheasternJapan.
The leat1ets from the Changi group of
N. Keisho-Do are identical with theJapanese Miocene Acsculus majus(NATJIORST), though they are not completely preserved. A. majus is closely
related to A. turbi11ata B1.ul\m which isfound_ in the modem forests of Japan,
but dtffers from the modern Chinese A.
chineusis BuNG" in the closer spacingof the lateral veins.
Occurrence :-Kinkodo, Usen-men, Geizitu-gun, N. Keisho-Do; White diatomaceous mudstone of Changi Group(Miocene); Coils. KooAIRA and UoTANL

Cfr. Acsculus miorhinensis
Hu et CIIA!'IEY
Plate 10, Fi~,<Urc 3
Compare:Aescu/us miochittensis Hu et CHANEY: 1940,
p. 63, Pl. 38, Figs. 4, 5; 1'1. 3!!, Fig. 1.

An imperfect leaflet from the Kisshu

Noles on Some Tertiary Plants from Korea (Tyosen) V

formation of N. Kankyo-Do is closelycomparable with Aesculus miocltiuensis
Hu et CuANRY of the Shanwang llora
in China. In our lcallet which lacks theapical half and the base. the marginal
serration is not so conspicuous and thespacing of the lateral veins is rather
distant from each other. This shows
the Kor~w Ieallet to be similar to A.
mioclzitzcnsis rather than to A. majus.
A. clzi1le1lsis Bul'GE of China has been
considered by Hu and CHA!:\EY to be amodern equivalent of ,1. miochinensi's.
Occurrcucc:-Kisshu- town. Kisshu-gun.
J'\. Kankyo-Do; White shale of Kisshu
formation (Miocene); Coli. O!Sll!.
References
BRoWN, R. W. (19:15), Miocene leaves, fruits
and seeds from Idaho, Oregon, and Washington. Jormr. Palcoutology, Vol. 9, No. 7.
- - (1937). Addition to some fos..;;il floras of
the Western United statt--s. U.S. G. S. Prof.
Paper. 186-].
( 1939). Fossil leaves, fruits and seeds of

Cercidipflyllum. Joum. Paleontology, Vol.
13, No. 5.
E:-~no, S. (193·1), !1. New Species of Nelumbofrom the Palaeogene of Japan. Japan. Joum.
Ceo/. Geogr., Vol. 11, Nos. 3-4.
- - (1938).

Cenozoic

Plants fromTyosen63(Korea). I and IT. (in japant.'Se). Joum.

Ceo/. Soc. Japan, Vol. ·15.
· - (1939), Some New and Interesting 1\Iiocene

Plants from Tyosen (Korea). Jub. pub[.
Commem. prof. H. YARE's 60111 Birthday.
- - (19•13). On the Fossil Cedrela from Kyusin Coal J\Iine, Kankyo-Hokudo, Tyosen(Korea). (in Japanese). Joum. Ceo/. Soc.
Japall, Vol. 50, No. 599.
GoPPERT, R. (1855), Die tertiUre Flora von
S::hossnitz in Schlesien.
HEER, 0. (1859), Flora tertiaria lldvetiae.
Vol. 3.
Hu. H. H. and CHANEY, R. W. (19-10), A Mio·
cene Flora from Shantung l'rovince, China.
Camegie Just. Washington, Pub/. No. 507.
HuzioKA. K. (1950), Illustrations on the
Cenozoic Plants in Northern Japan. No. 3(in Japanese). Studies 011 /Ire Cenozoic
Em, No. 11.
Ko:-;'No. E. (1931). Cenozoic Planlq of Central
Sl1inano, in 1-loMMA: Geology of Central
Shinano, Japan (in Japanese).
NATHORST, A. G. (1888), Zur fossilen FloraJapans. Palaeon/. Jlbh., Vol. 4, Pt. 3.
OJSIII, S. (1936), On the Genus Engclhardlia
and Its Occurrence in the Palaeogene of
Korea. Joum. Ceo/. Soc. japan, Vol. 43,
No. 508.
TANAI, T. (1952), Des fossiles vcgctaux dansle bassin houiller de Nishitagawa, Prefecturede Yamagata, Japon. (1). Japan. Joum.

Ceo/. Geogr., Vol. 22.

,..

64

Kazuo HUZIOKA

Explanation of Plate 10(All figures in natural size)
The specimens are stored in Institute of Geology and l\·1ineralogy,
Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo.
Figs. 1-2. Aesculus majus (NATIIORST) TANAI Loc. Kinkodo, Usen-men, Geizitu·gun, N. KeishoDo, Changi group.
Fig. 3. Cfr. Aeswlus miochinensis Hu et CHAKF.Y Loc. Kisshu-town, Kisshu-gun, N. Kankyo-Do,
Kisshu formation.
Figs. 4-5. Liriodendron meiscncnse ENoo Loc. Ryuhokudo, Kokangen coal-mine, N. Kankyo-Do,
Enge/ltardtia Bed.
Fig. 6. Cercidiphyllum crenatum (UNGER) BRoWN Loc. Yute11do, Meisen-gun, N. Kankyo-Do,
Ryudo formation.
Fig. 7. Cercidiphyllum crcnatum (UNGER) BROWN Loc. Ryuhokudo, Kokangen coal-mine, N.
Kankyo-Do, Engclhardtia Bed.
Fig. 8. Cfr. Platycarya miocenica Hu et CHANEY Loc. Kinkodo, Usen-men, Geizitu-gun, N. KeishoDo. Changi group.
Fig. 9. Pterocarya asymmetrosa KoN'No Loc. Ditto.
Fig. 10. Nelumbium sp. Loc. Ryuhokudo, Kokangen coal-mine, N. Kankyo-Do, Engelhardtia Bed.

HuzroKA: Tertiary Plants from Korea (Tyosen)

PLATR

4

I

;
'
7

T. TAKAYAsn photo.

10

Trans. Proc. Palaeont. Soc. Japan, N. S., No. 19, pp. 65·72, Pl. 11, 1 Text-Fig.

270. DISCOVERY OF PROCERATOPYGE IN THE CHUANG/A
ZONE IN MANCHURIA, WITH A NOTE
ON THE CERATOPYGIDAE*MISCELLANEOUS NOTES ON THE CAMBRO-ORDOVICIANGEOLOGY AND PALAEONTOLOGY, NO. XXV.
TEIICHJ KOBAYASHI and T AKEO ICHIKAWA
Geological Institute, Uni\•ersity of Tokyo~fll Chumtgia *ftjlt:: Proceratopyge O)~¥U: Ceratopygidae t::...,I.''C :-Proccratopyge(Proceratopygc) liaottmgc11sis KoBAYASHI and ICHIKAWA (i'Jf {I) O)~R,(t Clma11gia {tf~ rfm
Olenidian C. 'ie1!t-t ~ 1 IDE~ C. fJ: ~ o .: O)li!{~l.:tH;l\11 Ceratopygidae 0) m5r'M (tl~ 67 ]( 0)*)~tlt~-t7.>otj,;j;+;lt{- • itiJIIW$

Pseudag110stus orieutalis KonAY ASHI, andClmangis batia (W Ar.coTT) beside
P1·oceratopyge liaotzmgensis KonAY Asmand lcHIKA w A, new species. For the
stratigraphy of the district the reader
is referred to the papers by AoJI (1925),
KoBAYASHI (1933), ENoo and REsst'R(1937) and NAKAMURA and Soo (1942).
Proceratopyge is distributed in Sweden
from the late Middle Cambrian (Lejopyge
laevigata zone) to the early Upper
Cambrian (Agtwstus pisiformis zone to
Orusia lettticularis zone, lower part),(WESTERGARD, 1947). In Australia thegenus occurs in the Eugonocare, Glyptagnostus and Rhodnaspis stages where
the first is correlated to the Agnostus
pisiformis zone and the two others to
the 0/etms zone (WHITlmotlsF.. 1939).
Proceratopyge liaotrmge11sis in Manchuria
must be a link between the Baltic
and Australian forms. In Eastern Asia
Chuangia is a guide fossil to the
Changshanian stage superjacent to the
Kushan stage. Drcpamera is a leading
member of the Kushan fauna. D. eremita

Except certain agnostidians no trilobite
genus has so far been known in the
Chuangia fauna, which is common withany of the other province. Therefore
the find of Ceratopyge in a Chuangia
limestone is of special interest for interprovincial correlation. In cleaning trilobites in limestone slabs which thesenior author collected from a point(C7) on the southeastern foot of Paichiashan (~1'~111) hill on the roadside toKuochiatun (~1\~tl:!.) in the Chinchiachengtzu (s?f.~~r) district at the neckof the Liaotung peninsula. the juniorauthor found a pygidium with a pair oflateral spines. Paying special attention
to this kind of trilobites, he obtained alot of pygidia and associated cranidia
from the collection what are now
known to belong to Proceratopyge.
The Clmangia limestone at the locality
contains Lingulella, Obolus, Acrotreta,* Read at the 46th meeting of the Society
at Tokyo, June 30, 1951: recieved May 4.,
1955.
65

66

Teiichi KoBAYASHI and Takeo ICHIKAWA

found in the pisiformis zone (WESTERGARD. 1947) may be homotaxial to Eastern
Asiatic species of Drcpanura and the
Cluumgia limestone containing Proccratopyge laiolzmgensis is considere:l to be
ne:1rly coeval with the lower Olenidian
in Sweden and the P1·oceratopyge
bearing stages in Australia.
Family Ceratopygid:w RAY:\to~D. 1931
The family was first instituted by
RAYMo!'ID to include Ceratopyge andAlbertella to which C?·ePiceplzalus waslater added by WALcoTT (1916) andLo11clwccphalus and Saratogia wereappended in ZITTEL-BRon.I's Grundziige,
1924. It was referred to the Zacanthoidea
by l~JCIITlm (1932). KoBAYASHI (1953)
on the contrary elimin::tted these genera
from the family but Ceratopygc andcombined the last with Procenztopyge,
Hysterolcnus and Kogcnium in it. In
descr:ibing Lopuorites and Diceratopyge,
TRot>ossoN (1937) splitted the familyint(} two branches. Ceratopyginae andHysteroleninae. There are two moregenera added to the family. One is
011ychopyge HARRit-;CToN (1938. non
WooDWARD: 1880). i. e. Prionopyge
HARRINGTON and LEANzA (1942) and theother Dichclepygc HARRINGToN and
LF.Ai'iZA (1952). Finally it is probablethat Ceratopeltis lafilimbata PoULSEN.
1937. which oxurs in the upper Canadian
Cape Weber of East Greenland together
with two species of Niobe is a memberof this family, because it is similar to
ProceratojJyge no less than either toAfansuyia or to Kaolislw11ia.
When RAYMoKD (1925) urgucd thetaxonomy of CcralojJyge canade11sis
WALCOTT (1912) (Pl. 11. fig. 12) from
Upper Cambrian ot British Columbia. hepointed out Doliclwmetopus (Housia)
van·o WALCOTT (1916) (PJ. 11, figs. 13a-·b) from Upper Cambrian (Elvi1lia
zone) of Utah as its nearest ally. Tl1ey
are. howe\·er, not dolicllometopiqs andtheir pygidia certainly similar to thatof Proceratopygc, instead of Cemtopygc.
Ptyclwparia vaczma WALCOTT, 1890, from
Upper Cambrian of South Dakota is, as
correctly suggested by RESSF.R (1936), alfousia having lateral furrows on theglabella. In the obsoletion of the glabella and the possession of genal spines
Ccratopyge ca11adensis for which KonAYASlll proposes here Hausicl!a can readily
be d·istinguished from Hausia. It has
one more segment in thorax than does
P1·orcratopygc or Lop11orites.
The narrowness of fixed cheeks .at eyes
is the distinguishing characteristic ofllousia and Housiella from Proceratopyge
and Afarjumia with the last of wllich
KoBAYASHI (1925) has combined Housia
in the Marjurniidae. Afarjumia typa
WALCOTT. 191G, the type of the genus,·is a very distinct form having 14 segments in thorax aml 3 pairs of spines
on pygidium. The great similarity of" Af" callas WALCOTT to Koge1tium,
however, can hardly be overlool<ed. It
is probable that Housia and llousiellawere derived froa1 callas-like form oflate Middle Cambrian ·· Afarjumia" or
1\ogeuimn. By this reason Housiinae
KonAYASHJ (nov.) is coti.siderecl to be an
Upper Cambrian branch isolated fromthe main stem of the Ceratopygidae.
The stem of the family or the Proceratopyginae KoBAYASHI, (nov.) is represented by Proceratopygc, Kogenium,
Lopuorites and Priouopygc. Their glabellae are conical or cylindrical andusually a pair of spines issue fromthe first segment of pygidiurn. Nine
segments are countable on the thoracesof Proce1·atopygc and Lop11orites.
The Ceratopyginae TiwEossoN em.
indicate the trends of evolution along

Discovery of ProceralofJyge in Manchuria

which the cylindrical glabella (Diccratopyge) was expanded in the middle(HyslerolemtS. Pl. 11, fig. 11) or dilated
toward the front (Ceratopyge) and thenumber of the thoracic segments reduced.
There are only 6 segments in the thoracesof Diceratopyge (Pl.ll. fig. 15 ), Ceratopyge(REGNELT., 1939) and Diclle/epyge. In
the last mentioned, however. the glabella
is truncato-conical. Two pairs of spines
issue from the first anr.l se~ond segments
in it, but only the posterior ones :1represent in the three other genera.
The former subfamily distribute~! in67

Euras·ia and Australia from late Middle
and Upper Cambrian. Furthermore.
Proceratopyge i1le.r:peclatzs and two species of Prionopyge. all represented merely
by pygidia. are reported from theParaboliuella and Kaitzella zones ofSouth America. The distribution of thelatter subtamily extends fro:n Northern
Europe to Argentin'l in the Lower Ordovician period, but in the Upper Cambrian·it is representd only by Diceratopyge
from Tienshan. A scheme of classification of the Ceratopygitbe is shO\vn i·n atable inserted here.

Classification of the Ceratopygidae RAYMO:-<D(Type Species in brackets)? Subfamily Housiinae KOBAYASHI,

Subfamily Proceratopyginae KoBAYASIII,
new subfamily
Genus Proceratopy![t! W ALLEIUUS, 1895,(Proceratopyge couifrous WAI.LERHJS) L:1te
Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician:Sweden, Tienshan, Honan, South Manchuria, South Korea and Argentina.
Subgenus Proceratopyge, s. str. Late 1\iiddle
and Upper Cambrian; Swaden, Tienshan,
South i'v1anchuria and Australia.
Subgenus Kogenium KoBAYASHI. 1935 (KogCIIium rotundum
KoBAYASIII) Late
Middle Cambrian ; Korea
Subgenus Lotmorites TROEDSso~. 1937 (Loptzorites rectispicatus TRoEnsso:-;) Upper
Cambrian : Sweden. Tienshan and Australia
Subgenus Prionopyge HARRINGToN and
LEANZA, 1952 (Onychopyge rioja11a HI\RRINGTON, 1938) Lower Ordovician;Argentina? Genus Ceratopelti$ PoULSEN, 1937 (Cemtopeltis latilimbalfl PoULSEN). Late Canadian: East Greenland.

As noted by MonERG (1898), the hypostoma of Hysterolemts tonzquisti bears
some resemblances with that of 1\fega-

new subf:\mily
Genus

Hausia \VAI.COTT, 1916. (Doliclzomctopu.~ (/Jausia) varro WALCOTT) Upper
Cambrian; Ut:th and South Dakota.
Genus Jlausiella KoBA YASIII. new genus.
(Ceratop_vge c:madensis WALCOTT). Upper
Cambrian: British Columbia.

Subfamily Ceratopyginae TROEDSSON,
1937, em. Kobayashi, 1955.
Genus Ceralopyge HA WLE and CoRDA, l&l7
(Olenus forjicula SAns) Tremadocian:Scandinavia and (?) Central Asia.
Genus Hystemlenus MonERG, 1898. (Jlystcmleuus tomquisli MonERG ). Tremadocianof Northern Europe: Skiddavian of Argentim and (?)Upper Cambrian of Tienshan.
Diceratopygc TJWEDSSON. 19:l7,
Genus(Diceratopyge mobergi TROEDSSON). Upper
Camhrian: Tienshan.
Genus Diclzelepyge HARRINGTON and LEANZA, 1952. (Dichelepy![C pascuali HARRINGTON and LEANZA). Tremado.::ian ofArgentina.

laspis.
WESTERGARD's specimens ofProceratopyge (tzathorsti and tu//bergi)
show the facial suture to be sggittal in

Teiichi KoBAYASHI and Takeo IcHII\AWA68

front and medial ventrally. Loptwrites
is allied to Charchaquia in cephalicaspect and so Proceratopyge conifrotzs
to C. tlorini in immature cranidia. Thus
the Ceratopygiclae appe:tr not distantfrom the Asaphidae or the Taihungshaniinae.
Genus Proceratopyge W ALLERIUs.
1895

The morpholygy of the genus wasimmensely clarified by WESTERGARD
through his study on excellent specimens.
Now it is certain that Kogenium,
Lopnorites and Primzopygc are intimately
related to Proccratopygc. At the sametime there is a wide variation among a
number of species in the four genera.
Therefore these names may be betterto reserve as subgenera of Procerato pyge,
although WESTERGARD synonymized Lo-

Figure. Proceratopyge (Proceralopyge)
jragi/is (TROEDSSON)

Ptzorites with Proceratopyge.
The pygidium is very broad in Proceratopyge coni/rom (Pl. 11. fig. 14), quite
long in Kogenium rotundzmz and intermediate in LoPttorites rectispicatus (Pl.
11. fig. 16).
The cranidium foundassociated with the pygidium of K.
rottmdum has a conical glabella andwide fixed cheeks. In P. cotzifrotzs theglabella is subconical and the fixed cheeks
are narrow. Proceratopyge, s. str. typified
by conifrmzs comprises the followings:
Proceratopyge tzathorsti WESTERGARD,
1922

Lopnorites fragi!is TRolmssoN, 1937
(Text-figure)
Proceratopyge lata WHITEHoUsE, 1939
Proceratopyge tzeclatzs WHITEHOUSE,
1939

Proceratopyge simi/is WESTERGARD,
1947
Proceratopyge magnicauda WESTERGARD, 1948
The subgeneric distinction of Lopnorites is made from Proccratopygc by its
cyl·indrical glabella. Beside L. rectispicatus the subgenus includes Proceratopyge tullbergi WF.sTERGARD, 1922, Loptwt·ites grabatti TRolmssoN, 1937, Proceratopygc rutellzm WliiTEIIOUSE, 1939
and Procct·atopyge Polita WHinmousE,
1939. Without the cephalon, however, it ·isdifficult to say definitely the subgeneric
position of Kogenium triatzgulari's KonAvAslll, 1935, P. i11expcctans HARRINGTON, 1938, TRoF.ossoN's Lopnot·ites 2
spp. !rom Tienshan. 1937, and KoBAYAsm's Lopnorites sp. from Hunan, 1938.
The parabolic outline of the pygidium,narrow axial lobe prolonged into a postaxial keel, well marked axial rings,
obsolete segmentation of pleural lobes
except the first pleura which ·is delimited
by an interpleural furrow and protruded
into a strong spine are said to be thedistinguishing characteristics of Priotw-

Discovery of Proceratopyge in Manchuria

pyge HARRINGTON and l"ANZA.
Proceratopyge (Proceratopy gc)
liaotrmgetzsis KoBAYASHI and
IcHIKAWA, new species
Plate 11. Figures 1-9.

Description :-Cranidium well inflated :glabella short conical, tapering forward,
more or less rounded in front anddistinctly elevated above cheeks ; lateralfurrows, if present, very weak ; occipital
furrow fairly strong ; occipital ring
thickened mesially; eye-band of moderatesize, opposed each other at the mid-lengthof the glabella and connected with theglabella by a pair of oblique eye-rdige;preglabellar area concave; frontal rim
narrower than the limb and somewhat
bent up : a preglabellar cusp out! inedby paired furrows extending in- andback-ward from lateral ends of thefrontol rim; facial sutures intra marginalon the anterior border.
Pygidium exclusive of spines semicircular, a little broader than twice thelength ; axial lobe conical, prominently
elevated above a little inflated pleurallobes, composed of three or four rings
and a small terminal lobe: first pleurawith a deep pleural groove almost
rectangularly bent at the lateral end
and protruded into a spine which extends
beyond the posterior of the pygidium
proper; pleural lobe behind the firstinterpleural furrow composed of a
subtriangular inner part and a relatively
thick marginal border which is depressedand be.::omes confluent with its counter
behind the axial lobe.
Surface smooth.
Observation a11d comparison :-There
are 5 cranidia and 11 pygidia. The
largest pygidium is 4.4 mm. long. Allof the pygidia look alike, but in large
ones the axial lobe looks more conical69

than sam 1Ier ones in whkh in turn thelobe narrows abruptly near the rear end.
The relatively short glal::ella, distinct
eye ridge. peculiar preglabellar cusp,
diagonal anterior sutures, absence of amedian tubercle, broad pygidium andits obsolete segmentation behind thespiniferous pleura are characteristics ofthis species.
Proceratopyge simi/is \VESTERGARD has
a similar triangular cusp in front of theglabella, but is different in many otheraspects. The glabella is longer in mostother species than in this.
Occurre11ce :-Cimangia limestone in
Chinchiachengtzu district (Joe. C7) in
Liaotung, South Manchuria.
Subfamily Ceratopyginae
T1wRnssor-: em. KonAYASIII~ee 'KonAYASIII, 1952, for Ccratopyge
orienta/is GRABAU, MS, Hystcrolenus (?)
manclwricus KoBAYASHI, 1933, and Hysterolemts spp. by WALCOTT, 1913 andEr•;oo, 1937.

Genus: Ceratopyge HAWLE
and CoRDA, 1847
BoEI\ <mel SARs' Trilobita acicularisand T. lyra (1835) are no more thanvarieties of Ceratopyge forficula (BRaGGER, 1882, ST</>RMER, 1940), (Pl. 11, fig.
10). C. latelimbata MoBERG and SEGERBERG, 1906, has a smaller glabella, anddistinct eye ridges crossing broader fixedcheeks. Ceraiopyge (?) sp. is repmted
by WtmRR (1926) from Central Asia.
Genus Hysterolcnus MonF:I{G, 1898

Hvstcrolctms (?) lcvicauda MoBRRG,
1906, from the Di'ctyograptus zone of
Sweden is represented by an immaturepygidium, 1. 6 mm. long which is divided
into 7 or 8 segments with a short spine

70

Teiichi KOHl\ YAS III and Talc eo lOIIKAWA

on the fourth pleura.
Hysterolemrs tor11quisti var. by STDfiBLF:FIELD, 1927, from the Clouograptus
zone of England and II. modes/us 1-IARr<INGTo:>~, 1938, from the Kaysnaspis
zone of Argentina arc e:tch represented
by a cranidium. A trilobite resembling
H. tomquisti is reported to occur in the
Dictyouema band of North Wales (FEARNSIDE, HllO). TRoEnssoN's pygidium ofHysterole11us (?) sp. from the Upper
Cambrian of Tienshan looks fairly
typical of the genus.
Postscript :-Proceratopy~c and some otherand brachiopods were found in1949 by C. H. CHAO, N. T. TA~G and C.].
SHE:\ at Ch'uhsien (lm!.~) in Eastern Anhui;
htely agnosticl, Proccmtopygc and other::;discovered by H. F. SHENG in Shan>{ch'en
CHilO district, Chiang~hanhsien (li!ll~) in
S:>uthea:ltern Chekiang. Lu-YENIIO (1951).
Urief Notes on the Upper Cambrian in Cen·
tral and South China. ('lt\i111, ;INilLl:J)lli\':~~
11\. tti!T:l.lil':!~·f· 15 :f:lj, 4-G )!;)]. 134 J{).
trilo~Jite'~

Bibliography
AoJJ, 0. (1925), Geo!ogical 1\iap and its Ex·
planalory Text, Dairen Sheet. Scale 1/
400,000.
BRi::iGGER, W. C. (1882). Die silurischen Eta~en
2 und 3 im Kristianiagebiet und auf Eker,
usw. Kristiania.
ENDO, R. and RESSER, C. E. (1937), Tlw Sinianand Cambrian Formation;; and Fossils ofSouthern ;\[anchuria. Jl,{anclmrirm Sci. klus.
Bull. 1.
HARRINGTON, H.]. (1938), Sobre las Faunasdel Onloviciano Inferior del Notre Argen·tina. Rev. del Mus. de La Plata, (N. Scr.)
Tom. 1.
- - and LEANZA. A. F. (1924), Sobre Algunos
Trilobites Nuevis o Poco Conocidos delArgentina. Ibid. Tom. 3.
- - and - - (1952), La Clasificacion de lo:J
01enidae y de 103 Ceratopygidae. Rev. Acos.
. Geol. Argentina, Tom. 7, No. 3.
HAWLE, I. and CoRDA, A.]. C. (1947), l'rodrom

einer Monographic der hiihmischen Trilabiten. Prag.
KonAYASHI, T. (1933), Upper Cambrian of the
Wuhutsui Basin, Liaotung, with speciall~eference to the Limit of the Chaumitinn(or Upper Cambrian) of Eastern Asia andits Subdivision. ]apa11. four. Geol. Gcogr.
Vol. 11.
- - (1935). The Cambro-Ordovician Formations and Fauna'3 of South Chosen, Palaeontology, Pt. a, Cambri::m Faunas of South
Cho;;..:n with special Study on the Cambrian
Trilobite G.:nera and Families. fonr. Fac.
Sci. Imp. Univ. Tokyo, Sect. 2. Vol. 4, Pt. 2.
- - (1938), An Occurrence of Lopnorites in
T-Itman. Jour. Grol. Soc. Japan, Vol. 45.
- - (1942). On the Dolichometopinae. four.
Fac. Sci. Imp. UniiJ. Tokyo, Sect. 2, Vol.
6, Pt. 10.
- - (1952), On Afansuyia a!lcl the Tsina'lidae.
Tmns. Proc. l'afacOizt: Soc. Japan. N. S: No. !i.
MonERG, ]. C. (1898). En Trilo!Jit frfm Skimes
Dictyograptus-skiffer. Geol. Fiir. i Stockholm
Fiih. Vol. 20, No. 6.
- - and SEGF.RBERG, C. 0. (1906), Bidrag till
Kiinneclomen om Ceratopygcregionen. etc.
Lrmds Univ. Arsskrijl, N F. Afd. 2, Bd. 2,
Nr. 7.
NAKAMURA, M. and Sao, M.S. (1942), Geology
of C':1inchiachengtzu-Hsitao Area at the
Neck of the Liaotung Peninsula and Cambro-Ordovician Stratigraphy. Col/. Essays
011 Geology and Pal. by the late 1\lasaioshi

NAKAMURA.
RAYMOND, P. E. (1913), Trilobita, in ZITTEl.·
EASTMAN's Trxt-Book of Paleontology, ·l'ol.
1, 2d Ed.
- - (1922), The Ceratopyge Fauna in Western
North America. Am. jour. Sci. Vol. 3.
REGN!1:Lr., G. (1939). Note on Ceratopygc forjicula (SARS). Kung!. Pysiogr. Stillsk i Lu11d
Fiirhand. JJd. 9, Nr. 8.
RESSER. C. E. (1936), Second Contribution to
Nomenclature of Cambrian Trilobites.
Smiths. A1isc. Col/. Vol. 9!i, No. •1.
R ICIITER, R. ( 1!)32), Crustacea, in Halldwiirlcrlmch der l•taturwissensclwjen, 2te Auf/age.
PoULSEN, C. (1937), On the Lower Ordovician
Faunas of East Greenland. Medd. om Gr(>nland, Bd. 119, Nr. 3.

Discovery of Proccratopyge in Manchuria
STUUUT.EFIELD, C.]. and BUI.~IAN, 0. M. B.
(1927). Ti1e S'1ineton Slnles of the Wrenkin
District. Quart. four. Geof. Soc. London,
Vol. 83.
TROEDSSON, F. T. (1937), On the CambroOrdovician Faunas of Western Quruqtagh,
Ea>tern Tienshan. The Sino-Swedish Expedition 4, Pa/aeonto/. Sinica, New Ser. 13,
No.2.
WALCOTT, C. D. (1890), De3~ription of New
Forms of Upper Cambrian Fos.<;ils. Proc.
U.S. ll'.zt. Mus. Vol. 13.
- - (1912). Cambro-Ordovician Bound·uy in
British Columbia, with Description of Fossi!s. Smiths. j\.fisc. Col/. Vol. !)7, No. 7.
- - (1913), Cambrian Faunas of China.
Research ill China, Vol. 3.
- - (1916). Cambrian Trilobites. Smiths. Msc.
Col/. Vol. 64, No. 5.
- - (1924), Cambrian and Lower Ozarkian
Trilobites. Ibid. Vol. 75, No. 2.
- - (1925), Cambrian and O?.arl<ian Trilobites.

71

Ibid. Vol. 7.';, No. 3.
\VALLERIUs, I. D. (1895), Undersi>kningar [ifver
Zonen med .1Ignostus /aevigatus i Vestergotland.
WEBER, V. (1926), Neue Funde von Untersilur
Trilobiten in asiatische Teil d. U. S. S. R.
fahrb. d. Russ. Pal. Gesell. Bd. 5.
WESTERGARD, A. H. (1909), Studier ofverDictyograptus·skiffern, etc. .Medd. [di11Lunds Gcof. Fiiltkfubb, Ser. B, Nr. 4.
- - (1922). Sveriges Oleniclskiffer. Sver. Geo/.
Undcrsiik. Scr. Ca, No. 18.
- - (19·17). Supplementary Notes on the Upper
Cambrian Trilobites of Sweden. Ibid. Ser.
C, Nio. 489.
- - (1948), No 1-Agnostidian Trilobites of thel\Iiddle Cambian of Swed:n. ibid. Ser. C,
Nio. 498.
WHITEHOUSE, F. W. (1939). The Cambrian
Fauna~ of North-Eastern Australia, Pt. 3,
The Polymerid Trih>bites. Afem. Queens/011d
Mus. Vol. 11. Pt. 3.

72

Teiichi KoBAYASHI and Takeo IcHIKAWA

Explanation of Plate 11
Proceratopyge (Proceratopyge) liaolrmgensis KoBAYASHI and lclllKAWA, new species ............ p. 69
Figure 1. Cranidium (No.2), holotype,x4
Figure 6. Pygidium (No. 10), x3
Figure 2. Cranidium (No. 1), x 4
Figure 7. Pygidium (No. 9). x 3
Figure 3. Pygidium (No. 6), x 4
Figure 8. Pygidium (No. 11), x 2. 5
Figure 4. Pygidium (No. 7), x 4
Figure 9. Pygidium (No. 12), x 3
Figure 5. Pygidium (No. 8), x 4
E:trly Upper Cambrian Clwmzma limestone; Paichiashan, Chinchiachengtzu district, South Manchuria.
Collection of Geological Institute, University of Tokyo.
....................
.. ............... p. 69
Figure 10. Ceratopyge forjicu!a (SARS) ........ .
. ..................................... p. 67
Figure 11. Hysterolenus lomqttisli rvlonERG ........
.. ................................................... p. 66
Figure 12. Housiella ca11adensis (WALCOTT) ..
.. ................................................. p. 66
Figures 13 a -b. Housia varro WALCOTT' .....
............................................... p. 68
Figure 14. Proceratopyge C011ifrOIIS WALLEHIUS
Figure 15. Diceratopyge mobergi TROEDSSON ........ .
············· ................................... p. 67.............................. p. 68
Figure 16. Lopnorites rectispicatus TRoEDSSON ........... .

1\o!>AYASl!l & lcH!KI\WA :Proceratopyge and Cm-atopygidae

4

2

6

PLAT E

78

11

Trans, Proc. falaeont. Soc. Japan, N. S., No. 19, pp. 73-80, Pl. 12, 2 Text-figs. Sept. 20, 1955

271. ON SOME MOLLUSCAN FOSSILS FROM THE PALAEOGENE
WAKKANABE FORMATION IN HOKKAIDO.*SATORU UOZUMIDepartment of Geology and Mineralogy, Faculty of Science,
Hokkaido University~tifii.i!r!i~=lf.a • :&if,~h'1~ftE: ;jo!.'fllli~lt~tM.i.lfi~~!;Ei!:t!ll'•'lrl•. ~'--:> l: t 111. ·WJ!i!U11 l: -'J.t~ c;J.l,.:. ~!U;Ifti:b• t?~ft;filttJ·--:>-L:EH~Di. ::kil:!'I D:-lllll.:. .t --:>-c i-~-~I;O:iilf:re<Ht t.:il:3£i&c;;tvCI.,t.;:l.• 0 4-lilll1/k~1;bJla-l\itt&--:>t.: 0 Crassatellites (E.) yabei subsp. yessoensis NAGAO
et 0TATSUME, Venericardia (C.) otatszmzei n. sp. Venericardia (V.) subnipponica NAGAo,
C/aibomites ( S.) qui~:quangulus n. sp , Spisula sorrzclzie11sis OTA TStl !1.1 E (MS.), Pitar cfr. matsumotoi(NAGAO) .

;;, ~ ~-e~ ~o.:. :tt. t:.~fi::A:ilt-t""-c:fi~h\1 H•!i~-:51-t ;;,M! El ~ftA:tt~Fa- t.s:·t l: :}J.:t t?tt. ~ oThis paper presents some species ofthe molluscan fauna from the Waklmnabe formation which is a member of
the Ishikari group and is thought to be
the oldest marine :::edimentary rock in
the Tertiary of the Ishikari coal-field,
Hokkaido.
The divisions of the very greatly
disturbed Ishikari group have been
established within these fifty years bymany palaeontologists and stratigraphers,
including H. YARE (1901), H. lMAI (1923,
1925), K. 0TATSUM~ (1933), S. TASHIRO(1951), S. TAKAO (19!>2) and others.
They are schemed as follows, indescending order :'fAA f£'ffi

Yubari coal formation
Horokabctsu formation
Noborikawa coal formation

The lower half of the Ishikari grouphas been correlated by the late Prof.
T. NAGAo (1935) to be Eocene, while
the upper half (from the Wakkanabe
to the Ashibetsu coal-bearing member)to be Oligocene in age.
Moreover. the l!'hilwri grot·p has beencommonly believed to be unconformably
overlain by the Poronai group which
was also supposed by T. NAGAo to be
Oligo-Miocene in age.
Recently, H. YAJm (1951) is, however,of the opinion, that the Ishikari groupmay be almost contemporaneous with
the Poronai group, although the former
is heterofacies in origin from the latter,viz., the Ishikari group which consists
mostly of the sediments terrestrial inorigin. may be alluvial deposits of thattime when the Poronai group was being
deposited in the "Poronai Sea".
That is to say, the so-called uncomformable relat'on between the Ishil{ariAshibetsu coal formation
Upper Corbicula formationlkusyunbetsu coal formation ( IVoodwardia
zone)
Lower Corbiculn formation
llibai coal formation
Wakkanabe formation---------* Read Mar. 22 1955, at tla: meeting of Hokkaido Branch, Geological Society of Japan, received June 13, 1955.
73

Satoru LozUMI

and Poronai groups being obsen·able inman}· localities of the Ishikari coal-field.
does not indicate an actual stratigraphicalbreak in the sense of unconformity.
K. AsANo (1950) regarded Y ABE's view
to be true and he assumed the lower halfof the Poronai group to be quite equivalent with the Wakkanabe member on
the basis of his studies of the foraminiferal remains derived from the
Wakkanabe formation: such species as
Ammobaculi'/es alwbiraensis is foundcoexisting into the lVakkanabe formation and the lower member of thePoronai group.
M. I\hNATo and others (1952), including the writer, also once stated theiropinions as concerned with the stratigraphical position of the Poronai formation :the upper half of the Ishikari groupmay be contemporaneous with the lower
half of the Poronai group in geologicalage, although it. is quite uncertain
whether the lower half of Ishikari groupcorresponds stratigraphically to the basal
memder of the Poronai group or whether
it does not.
Meanwhile, a molluscan fauna fromthe Wakkanabe formation, was studied
for a period of many years age, by T.
NAGAo, K. OTATSUME and T. INoUE. but
unfortunately few of their results were
published, except regarding some brackish
species. Moreover, a few marine species
were once treated by lVl. M1 NATO anJ
S. KuMANo (1950). ,.,·ho have once treatedCrassatellites yabci var. ycssoe11sis andPaphia mmwoei YoKOY Al\IA.
Among
them, the latter is the species which l\1.
YoKoYAMA has first described from the
Shiraki formation, being a member ofthe so-called Paleogene Uryu group in
the Uryu coal-field. which is situated
immediately north-west of the Ishilmri
coal-field.
Now, the writer wishes in this paper

to describe the following six species
from Wakkanabe formation, of which
two species are new to science.
Crassatcllites (Eucrassate/la) yabci subsp. ycssocttsis NAGAo et 0TATSUMEv(~1/cricardia (Cyclocardia) otatsumci UoZUMIn. sp.
Vencricardia ( Vc11ericor) sulmipponica NAGAO
Claibonzitcs (Saxo/uci11a) qui11quar~gulus UuzU!\.11
n. sp.
Spisula sorachie11sis OTATSUME (MS)Pilar cjr. ma/sumotoi (NAGAo)

All these species above mentioned. aswell as the marine species listed fomerly
by T. NAGAo ( 1935) and described by
T 1:-.ouE (1941) and T. l\IIzuKo (1952)
from the Waldmnabe formation. havenever been found from the Poronaigroup until present day.
Furthermore. it is very remarkable thatmembers of the species of Genus Veuericarclia from the \Vakkanabe formation,
are entirely different from the species
which occur from the Poronai formation.
Such being the case. the differences
between the Poronai and Wakkanabe
faunas must be regarded to rather great,in spite of the close relationship claimed
by AsAKo to exist in the foraminiferal
assemblage between those two formations.
It is an open question whether thedifferent aspe.:t of those two faunas asstated above, signifies to the fact thatthose two formations arc heterofacies*>* Judging from the present knowledge, thewriter is now of the opinion that the seatem·
perature, suggested by the Wakkanabe fauna
may be of warmer type than that suggested by
the so-called Poronai fauna which contains such
typical cold-water elements as Genus Acila,
Thyasira, Neptunea. Buccinttm, etc. Bcsids otherenvironmental conditions of the two faunas mightalso he not wholly coincident with each other:
the Wakkanabe formation consists of sandstoneand shale, intercalating terrestrial sediments,
while the Poronai formation consists of shale
only being pure marine deposits.

On Some Molluscan Fossils from the Palaeogene \Vakkanabe Formationin ongm, although they are contemporaneous with each otl:er, or whether itsuggests really two different stratigraphical units. In this regard. further
palaeontologicaland stratigraphicalstudies should be necessary.
Here the writer wishes to record his
warmest thanks to Prof. M. MINATo of
the Geological and l\1ineralogical Institute. University of Hokkaido for kindly
looking over the manuscript. Thanks
are also due to M. MATSUI, T. Fung,the Geological and Mineralogical Institute. University of Hokkaido, and K.
0GASAWARA, a geologist of Surnitomo
Coal-1\lining Campany for offering somespecimens.
Description of Fossils

Family Crassatellitidae
Genus Crassatclliles KRUEGER 1823

Crassatellites (Eucrassatetta >yabei subsp. yessoensis
NAGAo et OT ATSUME

Pl. 12, Figs. 7 a-b.
1933. Crassatel/ites yabci var. czoe11si.~ <hATSU·
ME: Gmdualiou Thesis of Inst. Ceo/. j\Jin.

]{olckaidu Imp. lfniv. (Manuscript).
1950. Crassatcllites yabci var. ycssoensis i\'IINATO
et KuMA~o: Shinseidai no Kenkyu (Studyof the Cenozoic), No. 5, p. 14, Pl. 7, figs.

47, 47a-b (in Japanese).

Shell large, thick. transverse elongate
scalene, equivalve and very inequilateral ;be'-lks about one-third-two-sevenths ofthe length of shell from the anterior
end. Anterior dorsal margin slightly
concave and sloping steeply downwards
from the beaks at an angle of about45" : anterior end broadly rounded andsmoothly merges in the ventral marginwhich is eyen : posterior dorsal margin
noticeably concave, sloping downwards

75

from the beaks at an angle of 55° forabout one-third of length of the anterior
margin, and then nearly horizontallyrunnir·g to the posterior end where it
is abruptly truncate ; a very feeble ridge
pa&es downwards on the surface frombeaks to posterior end. Lunule narrow,cordate and very deeply impressed.
Escutcheon long and narrow, not so
deeply sunken as lmlUle with the exception of near the beaks. The surface ofshell is ornamental with concentric
incremental lines, which are more orless irregular : pallial line distinct :muscle scar v.rell developed with anterior
one larger than postel"ior one.
Dimensions (in rum) : Reg.

No. 11370 Length Height(Holotype) 40.6
50.5
61.2
No. 10424
44.1
No. 4685
63.4
50.1

Thickness
29.2
20.8
24.1

Occurrence :-Upper stream of the
Katura-sawa, a western branch of the
Sorachi-gawa, Akabira-machi, Sorachigun, Ishikari Prov. (Type locality): theKazima-sawa, a branch of the Pankehorokaparo-gawa, Yubari-City, Ishikari
Prov.: the Nishihara-zawa, Manji CoalMine, Sorachi-gun, lshikari Prov. ; theTekkyo-sawa. Manji Coal-Mine, Sorachigun, hhikari Prov.: the Shukuzm·enosawa,
Yubari-City, Ishikari Prov.; all in Hokkaido.
Reposit01y :-U. H. Reg. No. 11370, 4684,
4685, 4687, 4689, 5675, 5684, 5911, 10-124.

(U. H.= Dept. Geol. Min. Fac. Sci. Hoklmido Univ., Sapporo)
Remarks :-This species, characterized
by its very inequilateral form, is easily
separable from all ether species of thisgenus from the Japanese Tertiary
deposits and Recent species previously
reported, by the characteristics just mentioned. Crassatellites yabei (NAGAo, 1928,
pp. 48-49, pl. 13, figs. 17-20, 23-28, pl. 3,

Satoru Uozurvll

76

figs. 5, 6, 10-12,23, 24) from the Ashiya
group of Kyushu, is a species similar to thepresent one, but the whole surface,especially near the umbo of the former
is decorated by distinct, narrow andregular concentric ribs, which are whollylacking in the latter. Further the umboof the Ashiya species is more prominent
than that of present species.
This species resembles Crassatellites
dalli (WEAV~R 1916, p. 39, pl. 2, figs. 15-18) and C. merriar (WEAVER Hl16, p.
36, pl. 1, figs. 7, 8) from Upper Eoceneof Washington, North America, but it
differs in the more unequilateral form
and in having a proportionately low
shell.
Family Carditidae
Genus Vettericardia LAMARCK 1801

V enericardia ( Cyclocarditz)
otatsumei UozUM! n. sp.
Pl. 12, Fig. 2

Shell moderate in size, thick, higher
than long; pear-like outline; posterior
dorsal line, ne'Jrly straight; ventral
margin very broadly rounded and slightly curved to the anterior end ; posterior
margin somewhat convex, steeply sloping
downwards, joining the ventral margin,
drawing a semi-circle: anterior marginmoderately produced, tending to givethe shell a peotr-Uke outline.; regularlyrounded passing to ventral margin
without any angles; the surface ornamentation consists of growth lines
somewhat crowd near the ventral mar·gin, and 15 radial ribs, with wider
intersp:tces than the width of the ribs:
radial ribs are sharply rounded on theumbone from nearly middle of shell andflatly rounded near the ventral margin;
on the posterior dorsal region, the ribs
become narrower and crowded ; on theanterior region the ribs are wider anddistinct, and mark a slight arc to the
produced anterior end. Lunule small
and distinct. Hinge unknown.
Dimensions (in nun):Reg.

No. 11366(Holotype)
No. 10341

Length26. 1
31.0

Height Thickness
25.0
14.0
32.2
?

Occurrence :-The Kanegazawa, abranch of the Yubari-gawa, Shimizusawa,
Yubari-City, Ishikari Prov. (Type locality); the Nakano-sawa, a branch of
the Sorachi-gawa, Sorachi-gun, Ishikari
Prov.
Repository :-U. H. Reg. No. 11365,
10341.
Remarl<s :-This species is easily
distinguished from Vctwricardia mcmdaica (YoKOYAMA, 1911. p. 9, pl. 13, figs.
8-13) in having no nodes on the ribs,in having a less number of ribs and in
the produced anterior end. V. lwmwi(TRGI.AND, 1933, p. 113, pl. 7, figs. 3-9)
so:newhat resembles this species inoutline, but the former has more numerous prominent ribs with interspaces
narrower than width of ribs.
Venericardia (Venericor)
sub1lipponica NAGAo
1928. Vc11cricardia sub11iPPo11ica NAGAO:

Sci.
Rep. To!zoku Imp. U11iv. 2nd Ser., Vol.
12, No. 1. p. 55, pl. 13, figs. 9, 14, pl.

14, figs. 1-29.

This species was first described by T.
NAGAO with a number of illustrations
from the Ashiya group in Kyushu, Japan.
] udging from his description and figures,the species may show a wide variation,
especially in form and size.
Ilowever, tl1e specimens from the Wakkanabe formation show rather definite
form ; they are always small in size andhigh in comparison to the length; they

77

On Some 1\Iolluscan Fossils from the Palaeogene Wakkanabe Formation

Text-Fig. B.

Sketch showing the oulline and dorsal view of C/aibomites quinqua/lgulus.

are almost identical with the forms
figured by T. NAGAo in his pl. 14, figs.
20-22, and 29.
Dimensions (in mm) :Length
23.0

Height24. 1

Thickness
16.3

Occurrence :-Shimizusa wa,
Y u bariCity, Ishikari Prov.; the Nakano-sawa,a branch of the Sorachi-gawa, Sorachigun, Ishikari Prov.

ning from beaks to ventral posterior
corner. its angulation being more distinct
on the lower half of the shell. Lunule
elongate lanceolate, deeply depressedand situated along the entire length of
the anterior dorsal edge; Iunular area isconstituted of three parts which differ
in the rate of depression, becoming
deep toward the umbo as shown in
Text-Figure B.
Ligament very long, its length isnearly equal to the length of posterior

Family Lucinidae
Genus Claibornitcs STEWART 1930
Claibort~ites ( Saxolucina)
quinquangulus Uo:t.UMI n. sp.

Pl. 12, Figs. 6 a-b

Shell large, thick, equilateral. pentagonal in outline ; beaks situated near
the middle of shell, strongly inturned;
anterior dorsal margin slopes gently,
with three slight waves as shown in
Text- Figure B, otherwise being generally
straight ; anterior end truncate in thiscase both angles about 105° and edge
between the two angles straight ornearly so ; posterior dorsal gently slopes,
straight to slightly convex ; posterior
end steeply truncate forming angles ofabout 90° with the ventral margin. Bothsides of shell are depressed : anterior
depression is wider and feebler thanposterior one. posterior one obscurely
angulated along the shallow sulcus run-Text-Fig. A. Sketch showing the hingeof Claibomites quinquangulus.

dorsal margin and deeply sunken.
Surface sculptured by numerous narrow
lamellae and the interspace between
lamellae covered by fine in-egular linesof growth. Hinge with two cardinals ;posterior one more strong the anterior
one, divaricate by shallow groove: hingep]ate rather wide and heavy as shownin Text-Figure /\..
Dimensions (in mm) :Reg.

No. 11363 Length(Holotype) 57.2
No. 11286 !l5. 1
No. 11287 43.0

Height
52.5
46.0
38.5

Thickness
27.0
24.6
21.6

Occurrence :-The upper-stream of the
Katsurasawa, a branch of the Sorachi-

S:1toru Uozmvn

78

gawa. Akabira-lVlachi, Sorachi-gun, Ishikari Prov. (Type locality): the fourth
pit, Akabira-Mine of Coal-l'dining Co.
Ltd.; Utasinai-Machi, Sorachi-gun, Ishikari Prov. (unknown in detail).
Repository :-U. II. Reg. No. 11286.
11287, 11363.

Remarlls :-This species which ischaracterized by its angulated form.
deep ltmule and escutcheon. belongs to
the .group of Luciua lwdetzacensis (DESHAYES, 1860, p. 650, pl. 40, figs. 11-14),
and Lucina Pt·oxiua (DEsHA YBS. 1860, p.
649, pl. 41, figs. 1-3), from the Eocene
of France.
Tile Hokkaido form has, however, amore angulated form than the foreign
specimens. It is, moreover, distinguishedfrom the first of the latter. by its more
distinct posterior depression area, andfrom the second by its more equilateralshell.
Lucina diegoeusis (DicKF.RSOl'i, 1916, p.
484, pl. 37, figs. 1 a-b) from the Tejon
Eocene of California is somewhat likethe present species in some features oflunule and escutcheon, but the form ismore rounded as to the shell.

Family l\•Iactridae
Genus Spisttlrz GRAY 1837
Spisula soraclzieusis 0TATSUME (MS)Pl. 12, Figs. 3, 5

1933. Spisula sorachiensis OTATSUME: Graduation Thesis of lnst. Ceo/. Afin. IIokkaido
imp. Univ. (Manuscript).

Shell moderately large, trigonal. equivalve, nearly equilateral, flattened;sculptured by indistinct incremental linesof growth: beaks strongly incurved andacutely pointed. Posterior dorsal margin
somewhat convex; anterior one slightly
concave ; anterior end, more or lessproduced and more sharply pointed

than the posterior: ventral margin verybroadly rounded; escutcheon impressedand broad. Posterior dorsal area limited
by a feeble blunt ridge which extends fromthe umbo to the posterior extremity.
Hinge plate rather wide, lateral toothwell developed at both sides : posterior
one slightly longer than anterior. Pallial
sinus deep. finger-like form at its end
and its dorsal line horizontal.
Dimensions (in mm) :Length Height Thickness
68. ;~
53.3
23.2
1136-l
60.0
49.0
13.1

Reg. No. ll3o5

Occurreucc :-The Naie Coal-Mine.
M.itsui Coal-Mining Co. Ltd., Sorachi-gun,Ishikari Prov. (Type locality);· the Nakanosawa, a branch of the Sorachi-gawa,
Sorachi-gun, Ishikari Prov. :the Obirasibegawa, Uryu-gtm, Tcshio Prov.; thePonkemaya-gawa, Yubari-City, Ishikari
Prov.
Reposit01-y :-U. H. Reg. No. 5898, 5910,
10024, 10375, 10:-376, 10379, 11365, 11364.

Remarks :-This species closely resembles Spisula weavcri (PAcRBRn, 1916, p.
313, pl. 27, fig. 9) California Eocene
species. but is distinguished from it bybeing longer in proportion to height
than the Wakkanabc form. Also thespe;;ies bears a close resemblance to S.
polynynw nagalwensis (HATAI et Nism-.
YAMA, 1949, p. 92, pl. 25. fig. 18), but
may be distinguished from that species
by its more transversal form andsmoothly rounded posterior dorsal border.

Family Veneridae
Genus Pilar Roi\J ER 1857
Pilar cfr. matsumotoi (NAGAo)
Pl. 12, Figs. 1, 1 a-b, 4
1928. Pitnria malsumotoi NAC;,\o: Rep. Sci. To-

holm Imp. rTuiv. 2nd. Ser. Vol. 12, No.
1, p. 73, pl. 11, fig. 17, pl. 13, figs. 4-6.

On Some Mollusc:m Fossils from the Palaeogene \Vakkanabe Formation

The speciemens at hand are similarin outline to P. matsumotoi NAGAo,
described from the Ashiya group, but
appear to differ in the prominent pallial
sinus, and in more rounded ventral
margin.
Further. the hinge structure of P.
matsumotoi has not teen known andaccordingly the two cannot be comparedwith each other in this respect. For
those reasons, further investigation isneeded before it can be stated whether
the present specimens are firmly conspecific with Ashiya species.
Dimensions (in mm) :Reg. No. 11367
No. 11368
No. 5925

Length61.1·15. 250.0

H~ight

56.7
36.6
42. 1

Tllickness
30.5

28.6

Occurn•nce :-Mayachi,
Yubari-City,
Ishikari Prov.: the Pankernaya-gawa,Yubari-City, Ishikari Prov.: the Pirautorunai-sawa. Sl1imokinebetsu, Obirashibe,
Uryu-gun, Teshio ProL
Repository :-U. H. Reg. No. 11367,
11368, 5925.

Heference;;
ASA:lO. K. (1953j. Foraminiferal sequence in
the Paleo-lshikari Sea, Hokkaido, japan.
four. Ceo!. Soc. Japan. Vol. 60, No. 701.
pp. 43-49.
DESIIAYES, G. P. (1860), Description der Animaux Sans Vertehrcs Decouverts Dans le
Bassin de Paris. Vol. 1.
DICJ(ERSON, R. E. (1916). Stratigraphy andFauna of the Tejon Eocene of California.
Bull. Dept. Geof. of Univ. Calif. Vol. 9.
HATAI, K. et NJSIIIYAMA, S. (1949), New
Tertiary l\lollusca from japan. four.
Palco11t. Vol. 23.
htAl, H. (1923), !{elation of the Poronai andcoal-bearing formation in Ishikari coalfield.
Confr. !nsf. (:col. Pafcont. Tohoku Imp.
l!uiv. No. 1. (in Japanese)- - (1925), Stratigraphical study of the coal-

79

bearing Tertiary Formation in the lshikari
coalfield. four. Ceo(. Soc. Tokyo, No. 421,
(in Japanese).
INoUE, T. (1941), ivlyarian Fossils from the
Cenozoic Deposits of Hokkaido and Karahuto. jour. Fac. &i. Hokkaido Imp. Univ.,
Ser. 4, No. 2, pp. 1-13-158.
1\l!t\ATO, 1v1. et Ku~!ANO, S. (1950), Explanation of Cenozoic Fossils from Northern
Japan, 9, (in japanese) Shiuscidai 110 Kenkytt(Study of the Cenozoic) No. 5.
1\lJ:-:ATo. M. et at. (1952), Wann erschienen
die Poron:ti-Faunen zum erstenmal? Proc.
japa11. Academy. Vol. 28, No.7. pp. 255-25B.
1\IJZUNo. T. (1954), On two New Forms of
Paleogene Gastropods from Hokkaido,
Japan. l'e11us, Vol. 18. No. 2. pp. 101-101:1.
N,\GAo. T. (1928), Paleogene fossils of theIsland of Kyushu, Japan. Sci. Rep. Tohokll
Imp. Univ. 2nd. Scr. Vol. 12.
- - (1935), Kodais:mki (Paleogene). lwauami
Koza,Geology.
OTATSUME, K (1933), Paleogene Molluscan
fossils in Hokkaido. Graduation Thesis of
Inst. Ceo!. Mitz. Hoklwido Imp. U11iv.
(1\lanuscript ).
PACKER D. E. L. (1916). 1\le::;ozoic and Cenozoic
1\lactridae of the Pacific Coast of North
America. Buff. Dept. Geot. Un!v. Califomia
Vol. !J.
TEGLA:-:o, N. M. (1933). The fauna of theType
Blakeley, Upper Oligocene of
Washington. /Ju/1. JJcpt. Gtol. Univ. Califortzia. Vol. 23.
WEAVER, C. E. ( 1916), Tertiary Faunal horizonsof Western Washington. Washing/on Pub(.
Geof. Vol. 1, No. 1.
YABE, H. (1901), Gco!ogy of the Ishikari
Coalfield. Graduatio11 Thesis oj Ceo/. bzst.,
Tokyo Imp. Univ. (Manuscript)- - (1951), Stratigraphical Re:at:on of thePoronai and Ishikari Group in the lshikari
coalfield, Hokkaido. Proc. japan. Academy
Vol. 27, No. 9, pp. 571-576.
YoKOYAMA, M. (1911), Some Tertiary fossils
from the J.\lliike coalfield. four. Coli. Sci.
Imp. Univ. To.~yo. Vol. 27, art. 20.
- - (19:J2), Tertiary Mollusca from the Coalfield of Uryu, lshikari. four. Fac. Sci. Imp.
U11iv. Tokyo. Vol. 3.

Satoru UozUMJ

80

Explanation of Plate 12
Figs. 1,

I a-b. 4.

Pilar cjr. matsumotoi (NAGAo):U. H. Reg. No. 11367, 11368. 1: Internal viewof left valve; 1 a-b: hinge of left and right valve; 4: side v~ew of left valve.
Fig. 2.

Vencricartlia (Cyc/ocanlia) olatsumci UozUMI: U. H. Reg. No. 11366, Side view of left valve.

Figs. 3, 5. Spisula sorachiensis OTATSUM~: (MS.):

U: H. Reg. No. 11364, 11365, Side view ofleft valve.
Figs. 6 a-b. Claibomites (Saxo/uci11a) qtti11qua11gulus UoZUMI: U. H. Reg. No. 11363. a: Side viewof left valve; b: dorsal view of same.

Figs. 7 a-b. Crassatc/lites (Eucrassale/la) yabei subsp. yessoensis NAGAO et OTATSUME:
Reg. No. I 1370. a: Side view of right valve; b: dorsal view of same.

U. H.

UozuMI : Paleogene Molluscs in Hokkaido.

S. KuMANo photo.

P LATF. 12

Trans. Proc. Palneont. Soc. Japan, N.S., No. 19, pp. 81-84, Pl. 13, Sept. 20, 1955

272. ON SOME MIOCENE SPECIES OF DOSINIA FROM JAPAN*
SABURO;KANNOTokyo University of Education*JIIM=.tc~tnlltg¥. Dosi11ia 1:.'?I. '"C : *~'1f1EC:fe*iffltl1)j'l-{t.:ti~liJf~rp. t.::. 'it.::. 1:. Dosi11ia11)M~~J! 1.,, 'it.::.:<f;:1BI1)*l'J!IIl:l:.~bt-' Dosi11ia (Kaneharaia) k:meharai YoKoYAMA t:.-?1.•:lf"fl1) iff?.'PJM~l!J. f.::.l1) ~.: ;t1- G ~ ¥fH~i'-t ~ o~: !l!f .:::. 1m-cthan the posterior; dorsal margin sloping,slightly convex behind beak. Lunule
deep, cordate in outline, bounded behindby a distinct ridge, longitudinally andfinely striate within and 8.3mrn in length,3.35 mm in width measured on rightvalve (type); escutcheon apparently
linear. Surface marked by rather fine,close-set, regularly disposed concentric
grooves separated by slightly wider interspaces (about 20 per 10 mm ). Pallial
sinus large and rather deep. extending
forward nearly to the middle of the valve,
its end obtusely pointed. Hinge plate
rather narrow and its inner margin gently
concave; right valve with three cardinals, the posterior bifid, the anterior
short. thin and close to the medial.
Dimensions (in rnm) :-56.3 in length,48.2 in height and 13.7 in the thicknessof right valve (type). 45.2 in length, 35.7
in height and 11.5 in thickness of theanother right valve (paratype).
Remarks :-Related to Dosi11ia angulosa(PIIILIPPI) (1847, p. 229, pl. 6, fig. 1), D.
auguloides NoMURA (1935c, p. 216, pl. 17,
fig. 2) and D. odosensis Nol\HIRA (1935b,
p. 59, pl. 7, fig. 2), this species can be
distinguished therefrom by the moreanteriorly placed pointed beak, more

Introduction

The purpose of this paper is to describe two new forms of Dosinia from
the Miocene deposits of Saitama andMiyagi Prefectures and to give remarkson the well known Dosinia (Kaneharaia)/zatzcflarai YOKOYAMA.
The writer wishes to thanl< Professors
Haruyoshi FuJIMoTo and Kotora HATAIof the Geological and Mineralogical Institute, Tokyo University of Education
for their encouragement.
Description of Species

Family Veneridac
Genus Dosinia ScoPou, 1777
Doszizia ovata KAI'No, n. sp.
Plate 13, Figures 6a-c

Shell moderate in size. compressed,
obliquely suhovate in outline, very inequilateral; test rather thin; beaks
pointed. weak, turned-in, not touchingeach other, directed anteriorly ; lateral
margins rounded, the anterior broader* Read June 18, 1955; received June 18, 1955.
81

82

Saburo KANNO

oblique shell outline and shallower pallial sinus so far as is known of thosespecies.
Locality and geological formation :River side cliff about 70 meters below
the bridge of Harakawa, Takezawa-mura,Hiki-gun, Saitama Prefecture. ]ida formation of the Ogawamachi group, l'v1iocene.
Tokyo University of Education. Reg.
No. 5900.
Associated fauna :-Ostrca gravitesta
YoKOYAMA, Dosinia alwisiaua NoMURA,
Callista si11ensis (Hor.ToN), C. brevisiplzouata (CARI'F.NTER), Siliqua pulchel!a(DUNKER).

Although Dosinia kanclzarai is acharacteristic Miocene species, its absolute range has not yet been determined.
Loca!t'ty and geological fonnation :Road cliff at Nishigoto, Tsunetoyo-mura,
Higashi-Shirakawa-gun, Fukushima Prefecture. Tanagura formation. Miocene.
Tokyo University of Education, Reg.
No. 16704.
Associated fauna :-Ostrea gravitesta
YoKoYAMA, Clzlamys kaneharai YoKoYA!I.1A, Fellaniella usia (Gour.o}. Dosinia
odoseusis NoMURA, Cyclina sinensis(GJo.tEr.IN), Cultellus izumoensis .YoKoYAMA, Pa11ope japonica (A. ADAMs),
Simon yabei 0TuKA, etc.

Dosiuia (Katzehamia) lwnelzami
YoKoYAMA,

1926

Plate 13, Figures 7a-b

Dosinia (Kanelwraia) lwnehami
ouchiensis KANNO, n. subsp.
Plate 13, Figures 1-5

1926 Dosinia kaneharai YoKoYAMA. four. Fac.
Sci., lmf>. Univ. Tokyo, sec. 2, vol. 1, pt.
4, p. 133, pl. 17, figs. 1-5; pl. 18, fig. 2.
1935 Dosinia kanr!lzarai NoMURA. Saito Ho-011
Kai Mus. Res. Bull.. 110. 5. p. 83, pl. 3,
figs. 6-8.
1936 Dosi11ia (Kanelzamia) lmneh(lrai MAIHYAMA. Mem. Coli. Sci.,

Kyoto Imp. Univ.,
ser. H, vol. 11, 110. 4, art. 8, pp. 213-214.

Remarks :-That this species shows_considerable variation in its shell outline
has already stated by S. NoMURA (1935a,
p. 84). Its surface sculpture is characterized by having strong, concentriccords with narrower furrows. which upon
growth or in gerontic individuals become
more crowded at the margins. Thesementioned features seem to be a con·stant one.
The pallial sinus of this specimens
ascends obliquely to the middle part ofthe shell rather acutely and its apex isnarrow. In D. lwnclwrai ouclliensis andin D. ovata the shape of the sinus israther different.

Shell large in size. compressed, elongate
ovate in outline. much h·igher than long,inequilateral ; test heavy; beaks prominent, turned-in not touching, directed anteriorly; lateral margins rormded, dorsal margin forming uniform
convex curve behind beak, but becoming
rather straight to the end of the lunule
in front ; ventral margin long and sloping, evenly convex. Lunule rather deep.
elongate cordate in outline, bounded behind by an indistinct ridge, longitudinal·
ly and finely striate -within, and 18.5 mm
in length, 5.7 mm in width. Surface withflat concentric cords (about 6 per lOmrn
in adult) separated by narrower grooves,the marginal area provided with rather
fine concentric lines of growth. Pallial
sinus rather shallow, obliquely ascending,bluntly pointed at end. Hinge plate verybroad, with a flat area in each valve
behind the teeth. Cardinals and laterals
well developed. Muscular impression
strong.

On some 1\·liocene Species of Dosinia from Japan

83

Dimensions (in mm) :_ _ _N_o_.___
1.

:l

Length

2.

62.2
64.2

3.

24.3

H~ight
71.4
79.8
26.:3

4_~-___ ·:~ __ .- ______

Thickn_e_ss_ _
20.8
22.11

Rcmarlls :-The heavy test and strong
concentric sculpture of the rresent specimens resemble the well known l\liocene
Dosiuia lwuclwrai YoKoYAMA (192:i. p.
132, pl.17. figs. 1-5: pl. 18. fig. 2), but themore pointed beak. smaller pallial sinus
and higher shell serve to distinguish it
therefrom. Dosinia sibataeusis Nol\nmA
and 01\Isi (1940. p.lS:~. pl.l8. fig. I) fromthe Ivliocene of the Sennan district inMiyagi Prefecture is another related spedes, but it can be distinguished from thepresent one by the thinner test. moretriangular shell outline and fine concentric growth lines.
Locality mrd geological jo1'mation :Valley cliff about 150 meters in the
upstream of the Tamagawa reservoir,
Minami-ide, Ouchi-mura, Igu-gun, Miyagi
Prefecture. Middle fossil zone of the
Yoshigasawa formation of the Kaneyamagroup, Miocene. Tokyo University of
Education, Reg. No. 5899.
Associated fauna :-Laevicardium sllioba1·aense (YoKoYAl\IA), Chione y-iizulwi(KANEHARA). C. osyuensis NoMURA, andZINno, Glyrymeris sp.
Referenees
HATAI, K. (1938). On Some Species of Fossil
Dosiuia from Japan. ]apm1. ]our. Ceo!.

114.8
124.2
108.6

3:-1.4:l4. 6

Ho:otype Right valve
Pnratype 11
11
II

II

If

Geogr.. 1JOI. 15, nos. 1-2, pp. 47-65.
KANI\0, S. (1955). Geo:ogy of the Environs of
Kaneyama-machi. I~u-gun. l\liyagi Prefecture. Res. Bull. Ceo!. Min. Imt .. Tokyo Uuiv.
Education, 110. 4, pp. 11-23.
MAI<IYAMA. ]. (1936). The .i\leisen Miocene ofKorth Korea. Mem. Coil. Sci .. Kyoto Imp.
Univ.. scr. B, vol. 11, no. 4. art. 8, pp. 193228.
NoMURA. S. (1935a). Fo3sil 1\Iollu<ca from

theVicinity of the Naru:;awa Hot Spring.
Northeastern Part of Kurikoma Volc~no.
Iwate-Ken. Saito Ho·OII Kai 1lfus. Res.
Bull., 110. 5, pp. 71-100.
- - (193Sb). Miocen~ Mollusca from the Nisi·
Tsugaru District, Aomori-ken, Northeast
Honsyu, Japan. Saito Ho·on Kai Afus. Res.
Bull.. 110. 6, pp. 17-82.
- - (1935c). 1\lio::ene l\lollusca from Siogama,Northeast 1-lo:;yu, japan. ditto., pp. 193-2:~4.
- - and ONISI. H. (1910). !\eogene Mollusca
from the Sennan District. Miyagi Prefecture, Japan. ]ajJOII. jour. Geol. Geogr. Vol.
17, no;. 3-4. pp. 181-194.
WATA:\ABE, K .. KA:o;r-;o, 5. and :\lURAYAM;\,I. (1950), Tertiary Geology in Northeastern
1\larginal Region of Kwanto Mountainland.
Bull. Chichibtt 1}fus. Nat. His!., 110. 1, pp.
93-146.
YO!WYAMA. M. (1926), Tertiary Mollusca from
Shiobarn in Shimotsuke. jour. Foe. Sci.,
Imp. U11iv. Tokyo. Sec. 2, vo/. 1, pt. 4, pp.
127-138.

84

Sahuro KANNO

Explanation of Plate 13(All figures in natural size)

Figs. la-c. Dosi11ia (Kmrcharaia) ka11charai ouchie11sis KMmo, n. subsp., (Holotype). a. Right
valve, b. anterior side view of the same, c. hinge plate and teeth of the same.
Fig. 2. Dosi11ia (Kmreharaia) kanclwrai·ouchicllsis KANNO, n. subsp. Left valve. hinge plate andteeth.
Fig. 3. Dositzia ( Kmrelmraia) lmnehami ouchiensis KANNO, n. suhsp. A mould of left valve showing
the pallial sinus and muscular impression.
Fig. 4. Surface sculpture of Dosinia (Kaneharaia) kancharai ouchic11sis KANNO, n. subsp.
Fig. 5. Dosinia (Kancha,.aia) kauelwmi ouchiemrs KANNO, n. subsp.
Figs. 6a-c. Dosi11ia ovaia KANNO, n. sp., (IIolotype). a. Right valve, b. anterior side view of thesame, c. hinge plate and teeth of the same.
Figs. 7a-b. f!osinia (Ka11clwraia) kamharai YoKoYAMA. a. left valve, b. inner surface of thesame.

KANNo : On Some Fossil Dosinia

S. AoKI Photo.

PLATE 13

Trans. Proc. Palaeont. Soc. japan, N.S., No. 19·, pp. 85-87. 2 Text-figS .. Sept. 20, 1955

273. A FOSSIL PALM TRUNK FROM KANAZAWA"'YUDZURU OGURA
Botanical Institute. University of Tokyo~ ~~;:~iR*7.;SiJI.:.~~¥Jt!H5a-!fi111E L, .:;tLa-~:::.-~Q):(q'>c:m:<7Jfi:'E~~~.: c HH.m~l:i1·~<,

itjE l.."C Palmoxylotl Maedae c ~f.jl1't..:o .: Q){(:;r:jQ)JE*I;:**liflil:~~il:li'{jjtJ•f.t:~~il:t"
it'i!r(U; l..~P3t&i!ii .!:~*. "CI. ,f-: 0 ::!Jl:-tt~tJ·t.c, :€tiR(7)1':Ja!I}JJIQ)M~:b· ~Wr Ll.' Palmoxylotl Q)@Jt}til:~j!
-tt!?ttf..:il:, .:_(7)~{1:7fi('1lll.~~l:. P. Maedae t;:~F'Mt:.-il;J.-cl.,~iJ;iJUfl!!~~~Q)~ . .:;tLa- P.
kagaense c lfit~i"~o ?fkl? ~ll!fJIIJ:tJttO)~~!Jfjj}(* (qt~i!!:) t.:~;Htt..: tQ)tJ:iifat-c*t..: t (7)~~;;:,? o I!Bfll 28 ~ s ~'iltiBI5llr'Q)ftJI~I'f:li1·1?:Jitliiii~t!Q)~mu..:ibQ)o
,1, B
~

<

A few years ago, the writer studied
the internal structure of a fossil in
Kenroku Park at Kanazawa, which has
been called usually as "Take-ne-ishi ".
and described it as a new palm, Palnzoxylon ftfaedae ( 1952)1>. It was mostly
regret that the locality of this fossil was
uncertain. It was said. that it has beentransported from an uncertain southerncountry, though there was no certainty,
but the writer suggested that the fossil
might be found in Japan. The recent
finding of another specimen of Palmoxylon, very similar to J>. Maedae,
from Kanazawa seems to support thesuggestion of the writer.

breadth and 10 em in length. On thesurface numerous longitudinal striations
are to be seen. It is mostly brownish
black, very hard, and the polished surface
is lustrous.
This fragment was found in 1953
among the grains of River A~<:no at
Kanazawa, and it migl1t be suppoeedthat this was transported here from theupper stream of the river. where green
tuff of the Miocene age, in which numerot:ssilicified woods have been found, is widelydistributed. The writer expected to befound other materials from tllis district.
but it was at present in vain, so that
this manuscript will be published, thoughtl1e material is still incomplete.

Material
Internal Structure

The new material is a small fragmentof a palm trunk, about 3 x 5 em in

The preservation of this fossil is pretty
fine, and it is nearly enough to observe
its anatomical structure.
In cross section dark brown ma~es
distributing densely throughout are very
distinct (Figs. 1, 2). They are fibroussheaths accompanying the small vascularbundles, while the fundamental tissue is* Contributions from the Botanical Institute,
Faculty of Science, University of Tokyo, N. S.
No. 67.
Read June 18; received May 19, 1955.
I) A fossil·palm in.Kenroku Park at Kana·zawa. Trans. Proc. PaJaeont. Soc. ]apa11, NS.,
No. 8. 1952. Cfr. further literatures cited here.
85

.86

Yudzuru OGURA

Fig. I. Cro3s section of a part of the fo.:;sil,showing the arrangement of vascular bundles
accompanying fibrous sheaths and small fibrousstrands. x8

pale brownish. The size or form offibrous sheaths and bundles is not constant ; they are distributed about 110
within 100 mm2 in average. They arecir~ular or elliptical, 0.6-0.9 mm in diameter, and on one side of each of themis a slight indentation, in which vascularbundle is situated.
The vascular bundle is much smaller
than the fibrous sheath. c:.n:J in thesmaller one it is embedded in the indentation of the she:1th, but in tl:e larger
one it is somewhat bulges out of thesheath. Though the smaller vessels
constructing protoxylem and the surrounding cells are slightly thick-walled
and well preserved, and they are distinguished from the fundamental tissue,
the larger vessels and the phloem arealmost badly preserved. representing by
empty cavities.

Fig. 2.

One part of Fig. 1 enlarged.

x 35

The fibrous sheath consists oi thickwalled fibers. whose preservation is pretty
well.
The 'l'undamental tissue is also wellpreserved and is characterized by a richporosity. In cross section the cells arecylindrical and communicate with eachother to form large cavities. The cavities are ne:uly polygonal. and those near
the bundles are smaller. The walls ofthese cells are always thin.
Within the fundamental tissue arefound small fibrous strands, which accompany no vascular bundles. Each ofthem consists of few ( lQ-20) fibers,
similar to the bundle sheath, and as they
have thick-walled and dark-brown colour,
their presence is distinct. On the periphery of e:1ch strand is present a rowof short, thin-walled cells, the so-calledstegmata, though their distribution isA foosil palm trunk from Kanazawa

rat11er few.
Affinity

As the write> descrited in the previous
paper on the method of the classificationof Palmoxylotz. it will not be repeatedhere on ft.
The cnarzcteristics described aboveshow clearly that this fossil must be a
fragment of the trunk of a Palmoxylon.
In order to know t.he exact features of.Palmoxylon, it will be ne:::essary tocompare the distribution and the construction of the vascular bundles on
the peripheral part and the central partof the trunk In the present fragment
this comparison was impossible, but
owing to the compact distribution andthe sniall size of the vascular bundles,
it may be supposed to be the peripheral
part of the trunk.
The characteristics of this fossil are
as follows:
1) Fibrous sheath is much larger thanthe vascular bundLe, and there is a small
indentation on one side, in which a small
bundle is situated, so that the sheathshows the Cordate type.
2) The fundamental tissue includes
large intercellular spaces and is very
porous.
3) In the fundamental tissue fibrousstrands are included, and on their peri-

87

phery are found stegmata consisting of
small cells.
These characteristics, especially theporosity. of the fundament31 tissue, resemble very closely to Palmo:rylon Jlfaedae. formerly. described, but in the smaller
size and the closer distribution of thevascular bundles thisspeC'imen·is diffa-ent
from P. Afaedac. Tt.e present species
is. therefore, very similar, but is quite
different from P. JIIaedae. nnd ·may be
an undescribed spe:::ies belonging to the
Cordate group of STF.:\zF.L
Descripti~nPalmoxylou kagaense sp. Iio'v.

A part of a fossil trunk showing J!almoxylon type. · Vascular bundles accompanying fibrous shc:aths scattered throughout densely. Fibrous sheath large,
cordate; vascular bundle small, situatedat the indentation of the sheath. Phloem
usually uncertainly preserved. Xylemconsists of mostly of small vessels;
large vessels rarely preserved.. Fundamental tissue very porous, including large
intercellular spaces, surrounded by asingle row of parenchyma. Fibrousstrands scattered in fundamental tissue,
small ; stegmata situating at periphery.
Locality: River Asano, Kanazawa,
Province Kaga. Collected in 1953. Horizon, probably Miocene.

88

PUBLICATIONS RECEIVED (10)1088. Quart. joum. Geol. Soc. London, Vol. 107,

pt. 4, 1952
1089. Quart. Journ. GeoL Soc. London, VoL 108,
pt. 1, 1952
1090. Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc. London, Vol. 108,
pt. 2, 1953
1091. Quart Journ. Geol.Soc. London, Vol. 108,
pt. 3, 1953
1092. Quart. Joum. Geol. Soc. London, Vol. 108,
pt. 4, 1953
1093. Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc. London, Vol. 109,
pt. 1, 1953
109-1. Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc. London, Vol. 109,
pt. 2, 1953
1095. Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc. London, Vol. 109,
pt. 3. 1954
1096. Quart. journ. Geol. Soc. London, Vol. 109,
pt. 4. 1954
1097. Sci. Rep .. Saitama Univ., Ser. B, Vol. 1,
No. 3, 1954
1098. 1\I. E. J. Chandler: Some Upper Cretaceous and Eocene Fruits from Egypt.
Bull. Brit. Mus. Nat. llist., Geol., Vol. 2,
No. 4, 1954
1099. Sencj{enbergiana Lethaea, Bd. 35, Nr. 12, 1954
1100. jlllll!«<f$:,fG No. 34, 1954
1101.
No. 35, 1954
1i02. K. Bryan: The Geology of Chaco Canyon.
New Mexico in Relation to the Liie andRemains of the Prehistoric Peoples of
Puebro Bonito. Smiths. 1\fisc. Coli., Vol.
122, No. 7, 1954
110:1. journ. Earth Sci., Nagoya Univ., Vol. 2.
No. 2, 1954
1104. Rocznik Polskiego Towarzystwa Geologicznego. Tome 22, Fasc. 3, 1954
1105. japan. jour. Geol. Geogr. Vol. 25. Nos.
1-2, 1954
1106. Researches of the Nasional Museum. Vol.
1, Pt. 4, 1953
1107. Researches of the Nasional Mu~eum. Vol.
1, Pt. 5, 1954
1108. Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc. London, Vol. 110,Pt. 1, 1954

1109. The Allan Hancock Foundation of the
University of Southern California, Reportof the Committee on Research 1952-54
1110. -~-~~'*-!. Vol. 10. No. 3, 1954
1111. J. Knox: The Economic Geology of the
Fife Coalfields Area Ill Markinch, Dysart
and Leven, 1954
1112. Geological Map of Queensland, 1953
1113. H. B. Whittington: Two Silicified Carboniferous Trilobites from West Texas.
Smiths. Misc. Coli., Vol. 122, No. 10. 1954
1114. R. L. Erickson: Stratigraphy and Petrology of the Tascotal l\.Iesa Quadrangle,
Texas. Bureau Econ. Geol., Univ. Texas.
Rep. Investigation, No. 19, I953
1115. ]. C. Walter, jr.: Paleontology of theRustler Formation, Culberson County,
Texas. Ibid., No. 19. 1953
1116. J.P. Brand: Cretaceous of Llano Estacada of Texas. Ibid., No. 20, 1953
1117. fr.ltl!ll~~. No. 4, 1954
1118. W. Lang:>ton, jr.: Permian Amphibians
from New Mexico.· Univ. Calif. Pub!.
Geol. Sci., Vol. 29, No. 7. 1953
1119. L. I. Briggs, jr.: Upper Cretaceous Sandstones of Diablo Range, California. Ibid.,
Vol. 29, 1\o. 8. 1953
ll20. L. E. Weiss.: A Study of Tectonic Style,
Structural Investigation of A Marble
Quartzite Complex in Southern California.
Ibid., Vol. 30. No. l, 1954
The Carboniferous
1121. W. J. Jongmans:
Flora of Peru. Bull. Brit. i\lus. (Nat.
Hist.) Geol., Vol. 2, No. 5, 1954
1122. Quart. ]ourn. Geol. Soc. London, Vol.
110, Pt. 2, 1954
1123. journ. Sci., Hiroshima Uni~· .. Ser. C, Vol.
1, No. 3, 1953
1124. journ. Sci., Hiroshima Univ., Ser. C, Vol.
1, No. 4, 1954
1125. T. E. \Vhite: Preliminary Analysis of
the Fossil Vertebrates of the Canyon
Ferry Reservoir Area. Proc. U.S. Nat.
1\tus., Vol., 103, No. 3326, 1954

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