a 1F'-Ii-±~~~~*· ic.lJ
Transactions and Proceedingsof thePalaeontological Society of Japan
New SeriesNo. 21

Palaeontological Society of Japan

April 15, 1956

CONTENTS
TRANSACTIONS
Page

279.

A New fossil Clztamys from the Environs of Utstmomiya City, Japan .
... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... . . ... ... ... ... K6ichir6 MASUDA and Jun AIWTstJ 129

280. Electron-Microscopic Fine Structure of Fossil Diatoms. IV ................. .
Haruo 0KtJNo 133
281. Some Brachiopods from the Lower Kanokura Series of the Kitakami
Mountains, Japan ......................... Ichiro HAYASAKA and 1\lasao MINATo 141

282. On four Brachiopod species of the Subf.lmily Orthotetinae from the
Kanokura Series of the Kitakami Mountains, Japan .......................... .
... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... .,....... Masao MINATo and Koji NAKAMURA 149
283. A New Species of Parafusulina from the Kitakami Massif, Japan ... , ...
... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... Haruyoshi FuJIMoTo 157

284. Miocene Mollusca from Noto Peninsula, Japan. Pt. I, (II) ................. .
... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... Koichiro MASUDA 161
PUBLICATIONS RECEIVED (11) ............................................................ . 140
PUBLICATIONS RECEIVED (12)148

PUBLICATIONS RECEIVED (13) ........ .

156

PROCEEDINGS .......................................................................................... 168

President:

Hisakatsu Y ABECouncillors:

Kiyoshi AsAKO, Riuji

E:-~oo(Business and Accountant), Seido

E:·-mo, Haruyoshi FuJIMOTo (Publication), Shoshiro HANZAWA, Kotora
HATAI, Jchiro HAYASAKA, Nobuo IKEBE, Teiichi KoBAYASHI (Editor), Jirol\1AKIYAMA, Tatsuro MATSUMoTo, Masao MINATo, Tokio SliiKAMA, Fuyuji
TAKA! (General Affairs), Hisakatsu YABE.

All Communications relating to this Journal should be addressed to the
PALAEONTOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN
Geological Institute, Faculty of Science, University of Tokyo, Japan

Trans. Proc. Palaeont. Soc. Japan, N. S., No. 21, pp. 129-132, PI. 20. Apr. 15, 1956

279. A NEW FOSSIL CHLAMYS FROM THE ENVIRONS OFUTSUNOMIYA CITY, JAPANKOICHIRO MASUDA
Department of Geology, College of Education, Tohoku University
andJUN AKUTSU
Geological Institute, Faculty of Liberal Arts, Utsunomiya University~ifl;>grtJJt.1m.t IJ Clllamys mr;~-;m-fiH: ~'ifi:JA'm(7J;Jt~. tlilil~*71i1r'llm831J.i(:liN'Ji1i-(7_)*¥Jrnvcil,
I? Cl!lamy~ 17):y{r{iij~fic.~ L. hataii c f:Trfj L t.:.o ~ t..:'B;'.!!itllitil.lHE:Wiifl:ft-l!ITit1if'i(7J)Jf3p~il· 1':,. hataii
c tal#Rt.i:~~Z. Lt.:.~:;;J;:a:-~:~n. . t.:il:. ~~BE;ilfi(7Ji 17) c I?-""C, ~1ii;:JF'if;::.,J-?IQ~~~I7)~. hataif<

l:.[al7E-t-"g-iJ. c? iJ<t~~:l:.f~ ~;t1. n ' ~ll!l~~;f.,¢o :l1/EEI.Jf:-Jl!B • ~ilJ~iit*'l!.

logy, College of Education, Tohoku
University, for kindly supervising thepresent work.

Introduction and Acknowledgements

During his geological studies in thenorthern border ot Utsunomiya City,
Tochigi Prefecture, the junior writer col·lected several interesting fossil scallops
in association with other molluscan shells
from a tuffaceous sandstone at Niiya,
Tawara.mura, Kawachi-gun. Tochigi
Prefecture. Of those scallops, the one
herein described as new to science also
occurs among the collection of fossil
scallops obtai...'led by the senior writerfrom a medium- to coarse- grained sandstone of the Oido formation at Oido,
Wakuya-rnachi. Toda-gun, Miyagi Prefecture.
As the result of comparative study ofthese geographically remote specimens
it was found that they represent a new
species to which the present article isdevoted.
Acknowledgements are due to Dr. Kotora HATAI of the Department of Geo-

Geological Notes

The stratigraphy of the Tertiary strata
developed in the northern border of
Utsunomiya City, was classified into thefollowing formations by the junior writer,from upper to lower ;Ozo formation :-Consisting of lightgray, tuffaceous, fine graine::l sandstone and siltstone with nodules, inwhich lenticular conglomerate isintercalated. Mollusca, Foraminifera
and Echinoidea are abundant.
Yamamoto formation :-Consisting ofyellowish brown. tuffaceous coarsegrained sandstone, in which is intercalated hard sandstone, tuff breccia.
tuffaceous conglomeratic sandstone
and massive tuffaceous siltstone.

* Read Oct. 9, 1954; received July 20, 1955.
129

130

Koichiro MAsUDA and Jun AKlJTSU

Molluscan shells and shark's teeth
occur.
Nagaolm formation :-Consisting ofligh:. gray, massive pumiceous tuff.
In t!:e northern part of the area thepumiceous tuff laterally changes into
brecciated tuff in which is intercalated
pt!bbly conglomerate and tuffaceouscoarse-grained sandstone. Molluscan
shells occur in the sandstone.
Yokoyama formation :-Consisting ofmassive pumiceous tuff. brecciatedtuft and an alternation of tuffaceous
sand:;;:one and siltstone.
Oya formation :-Consisting of b2.salconglomerate, massive pumiceous
tuff, brecciated tuff and pumiceous
fine-grained tuff, and intercalating
and alternation of tuffaceous sandstone and siltstone with some molluscan shells. Kazamiyama andesite(two pyroxene-andesite) interfingers
with the lower part of this formation.
(unconformity) Kogashi older rocks :-Consisting ofslate, sa;;dstone, chert and quartzporphyry.
The fossil scalbp described in thisarticle was collected from the Nagaoka
formation in association with such molluscan shells as Acila sp .. .Mytilus giga1ltius HoL\triJ-:RG, Cryptopectetz yanagawactzsis (Nor,1:JRA and Z1:-mo). Clzlamys cf.
11isataie1zsis 0TUJ\A, Cardium n. sp.,
Cardium sp., Tt·achycardium shivbaraeme (YoKOYA!I1A), Dosiuia anguloides
No!\HJRA, and Jllautilus sp.
Studies on the stratigraphy of thisarea are being continued by the juniorwriter, and the details \Viii be publishedby him at another opportunity.

Description

Family Pectinidae
Subfamily Pectininae
Genus Chlamys (BoLTEN) RooiNG, 1798
C/zlamys hataii 1\'lASUDA and
AKuTsu, n.sp.
PI. 20, figs. 1-6.

Shell moderate in size. rather thick,moderately inflated. orbicular. equilateral
except for auricles: valves radiately
ribbed; pointed at top. forming an angleof about 90°.
Right valve with about 20 elevated.
squarish .• round-topped, smooth radialribs and fine intercalary threads; radialribs wider than interspaces on the upper
half of disc and tend to become subequalin breadth near the ventral margin,usually they bifurcate at about middle
part of disc. and become a little imbricated at lower half : intercalary threads
usually appe31" at upper half of disc,and are a little imbricated near margin;
anterior auricle larger than posterior,furnished with deep byssal notch andmore or less wide byssal area. and imbricately ornamented with several radial
threads and concentric Jines; posterior
with a greater number of radial threads
than anterior. Left valve nearly equallyconvex or very slightly more convex
than the right and with sculpture similar
to that of the right. though the radial
threads are less imbricated than theright. Hinge of right valve with ctenolium. distinct cardinal crura andrather deep resilial 1)it provided withlateral ridges which have straight borders. acutely pointed apically, and rapid-

A New Fossil C/zlamys from the Environs of Utsunomiya City, Japanly widening vertically. Internal surface
nearly smooth, except for characteristic
marginal serration.

Dimeusions (in nun.):Valve Right* Right
Height 54.2 55.0
Length 50.0 52.0
Hingelength 26.0 28.8
Depth
10.7
Apical
goo
angle
90°

Right

Left Left Left

34.2 65.0 60.0 38.4
36.3

33.4 57.5

20.0 30.0 33.0 21.5
7.4 18.3 13.0 9 6
95°

90"

goo

go~

* Holotype sp;::cimen.
Type locality ami geological lwrizou :Niiya. Tawara-mura, Kawachi-gun. Tochigi Prefecture (lat. 36°37' 39" N., long.
133° 54' 06" E.). Nagaoka formation.
:t\1iocene (Early).
Depository :-Department of Geology,
College of Education, Tohoku University,
Sendai, Japan. Reg. No. 1370 (Holotype).
Remm·ks :-This species is named ·inhonor of Dr. Kotora HATAI of the Tohoku University.
This s~ecies is characterized by having about 20 elevated, squarish, rounJtopped, smooth radial ribs, which arewider than the interspaces in breadth at
the upper half of disc. a little imbricatedwith bi- or tri- or very rarely quadrifurcated radial ribs at lower half of disc,slightly imbricated, fine intercalarythreads. deep byssal notch, distinct
cardinal crura, conspicuous lateral ridgesof resilial pit. and characteristic marginal serration in the right valve. The
left valve is characterized by having the
sculpture similar to that of the rightvalve.
Although the spe:;imens collected from
the Miocene Oido formation at Oido,
Wakuya-machi, T(,da-gun, Miyagi Prefecture, are much smaller than the typespecimens. with obtuse network andusually smaller proportion of shell height
to hinge-length. their external sculpture131

are similar to lrataii (Figs. 7-9). So. it
is open to question whether those specimens can be identified with the typespecimens of lwtaii. Further material
are necessary to settle this problem.
This species is closely refated to Pecten
insolitus YoKoYAMA (YorwYA;..IA, 1925,
p. 18, pl. 5, fig. 3) by having a small
shell, about 20 subequal. broad andsquarish radial ribs, and an intercalarythread in their interspaces. YoKoYAMA's
species was based upon a single rightvah·e, which is said to have been collected from the Shigarami formation at
Shimosoyama. Shigarami-rnura. Kami:rviinochi-gun, Nagano Prefecture. But
YoKOYA\L.,·s spe:ies differs from the present one by the smaller shell. undivided
radial ribs. and hardly developed byssal
notch. Clzlamys meisensis (MAKIY.-\MA)(l\L\KIYA\1A, 1926, p. 156. pl. 13. fig. 4)
from the MiocE:ne Bank6d6 formatioa of
Korea, is another rei :ted sp~ies, but it
differs from the present specimens by
the more inflated left valve and a greaternumber of radial ribs (23 to 27 J.
Chlamys akitmue (YoKOYAC.IA) andChlamys nisataiensis OnrKA (MASUD.-\.
1954, pp. 111-116, pl. 12, figs. 1-17) also
resemble the present species. but they
can be distinguished from lzataii by thegreater number of radial ribs (23 to 25).
rare occurrence of intercalary thread in
the right valve in akilmui, and therather compressed shell. greater numberof (25 to 32) and less elevated radialribs in nisataiensis. Chlamys jordani(ARNOLD) (ARNOLD, 190G, p. 114, pl. 44,
figs. 1, la-b) described from the Pliocene
and Pleistocene formations of California
also resembles this spe:;ies, but it is distinguishable from the present new
species, by the greater number of radialribs (23 to 25), absence of intercalarythreads in the right valve. lack of bifurcation of the radial ribs of the left valve.

Koichiro MASUDA and Jun AKUTSU

132

References
ARNOLD, R, (1906), The Tertiary and Quaternary PectetiS of California. U. S. Geol.
Surv., Prof Paper, No. 47, pp. 114-115,
pl. 44. figs. 1, la-b.
MAKIYAMA, }. (1926), Tertiary Fossils from
North Kankyo-do, Korea. Mem. Colt. Sci.,

Kyoto Imp. U11iv., Ser. B, Vol. 2, No. 3,

MASUDA, K. (1954), On the Miocene Pectinidae from the Environs of Sendai,Part 4, Pecte11 akitauus YoKoYAMA andChlamys 11isataie11sis OTUKA. Trm1s. Proc.
Palaeont. Soc. Japan, N S., No. 13, pp.
111-116, 1 pl.
YoKOYAMA. M. (1926), Tertiary Mollusca
from Shinano and Echigo. four. Fac. Sci.,
Imp. U11iv. Tokyo, Sec. 2, Vol. 1, Pt. 1,
p. 18, pl. 5, fig. 3.

Art. 8, p. 156, pl. 13, fig. 4.

Explanation of Plate 20
Figs. la-b. Chlamys hataii l\'lASUDA and AKUTSU, n. sp. Holotype, Reg. No. 1370.
a, Right valve. x 1.
b. Hinge area of la, x 1. Loc. Niiya, Tawara-mura. Kawachi-gun, Tochigi Prefecture.
Fig. 2. Chlamys Jwtaii MASUDA and AKUTSU, n. sp. Paratype, Reg. No. 1367. Right valve, x 1.
Loc. Same as above.
Fig. 3. Chlamys hataii MAS't:DA and AKUTSl:, n. sp. Paratype, Reg. N'o. 1368. Right valve, x 1.
Figs. 4a-b. Chlamys halaii 1\lAst:DA and AKl!TSU, n. sp. Paratype, Reg. No. 1376.
a, Right valve, x 1.
b. Internal view of 4a. x 1. Loc. Same as above.
Fig. 5. Chlamys hataii MASUDA and AKUTSU, n. sp. Paratype, Reg. No. 1368. Left valve, x 1.
Loc. Same as above.
Figs. 6a-b. Clzlamys hataii MASUDA and AKUT.SU, n. sp. Paratype, Reg. No. 1376.
a, Left valve, x 1.
b, Hinge area of 6a, x I. Loc. Same as above.
Figs. 7a-b. Clzlamys cf. hataii MASUDA and AKUT.>U, Reg. No. 2616.
a. Right valve, x 1.
b, Internal view of 7a. x 1. Loc. Oido, Wakuya-machi, Toda-gun, Miyagi Prefecture.
Figs. Sa-b. Clzlamys cf. hataii MA~UDA and AKUTSU. Heg. No. 1378.
a. Right valve. x 1.
b. Internal view of Sa. x 1. Loc. Same as above.
Figs. 9.1-b. Chlamys cf. lzataii MASl'DA and AKIJT.>l7, Heg. No. 2616.
a, Hight valve, x 1.
b. Left valve, x 1. Loc. Same as above.

Pr. ATE 20
M ASUDA& AKUTStT : New Chlamys

K. KUMAGAI photoTrans. Proc. Palaeont. Soc. japan, N. S., No. 21, pp. lSJ-139, Pis. 21-22, 2 text-figs., Apr. 15, 1956

280. ELECTRGN-MICROSCOPIC .FINE STRUCTURE
OF FOSSIL DIATOMS.

IV*HARUO OKUNO
Kyoto University of Textile Fibers

ft:B!mfilq;,'ll'fifilf&il(JI.j~*BJjjlf~. IV: Stephallodiscus tziagarae (!mJl-U~J\I.Rt-l.ilTi). Navicula
has/a (frn:;t>:!'-i!!i/illt-f.illf). N maculata ]Jt.(j:f:q;, 3 if~f!il varr. acuta, injlata, gigautea (*!;§;r..A.... -7J~t/j1Ji) j;:"'?~, 'f.t.: Cymbella mexica11a (;f:§;j-Tv,J'::/::t-i!ff) ]Jt.U: • .:;tLt~ill!L.t.:IJME!lli 2
Ill! C. austra/ica (J.Rtitlm). C. tumida (8:3\::!lfi). t.:"?~. ~1?1.: Surirella elega11s Ot"f~7'v;f-::/::t­im) I.:"?~. :f:tL.:f;tJ,q;,f.E~~*tl!~ill!~lia L.t.:o ft.~. *fTI-T v :F ::/ ::t-gtq;, ~ q;,j.::-01. •<: (t, !Jj{flli*±
7krY~l'Un!il±f{:tq;,f.E~~*'E~.'E:a:<b7.>:f'~!lt.lt~itlilf~-t Q.: il;m*t.:q;,-e, :f:q;,*A'~~ ~nr. L.t.:o~ !Iff ~ i$c.

zone, the valve is armed with spines
about 10JJ. long. Spines on large valvesstraight, on small valves somewhat Tshaped.
Frustule pores probably locular. Of
the frustule pores, the sieve membranes
and the closing membranes were electron-optically clearly revealed, but it
could not be determined which of these
two membranes is placed on the outside
or on the inside of the valve. Sieve
membranes porous, with concentricallyarranged sieve pores.
Sieve poresrounded or angular, about 50-80 m.u indiameter, about 9-10 in 1JJ.. Opening of
the closing membrane round. about 7()0800 m.u in diameter. In many crude
and refined valves, the sieve membranes
were completely lost.
Habitat : Fresh water, planktonic.
Occurrence: In diatomite. <Specimen,
no. 1110) Yatsuka-mura, Maba-gun,Okayama Prefecture. Pleistocene. This species is very common in fresh
water diatomites of Japan (cf. 0Kur-;o,1952. Atlas).

Stephmwdiscus niagarae EHRE'<BERG
1'1. 21, Figs. la, b.
Steplumodiscus niagarae EHRENBERG, Ht'BERPE5TAt.ozzi and HUSTED'!', 1942. Diat.,
p. 411. fig. 507.-HAK);A, 1933, 23-2-Jth
Rep. Florida St. Ceo!. Surv., p. 90. pl. 2.
fig. 3.- Mir.r.s, 1934, Index. p. 1482.0KUKO, HJ43, Bot. Mag. Tokyo, vol. 57,
p. 365, figs. ln. b; 1944, Kagaku (Science),
Tokyo, vol. 14, p. 167, figs. 1. 2; 1952.
Atlas Foss. Di:lt .. pl. 7, figs. 1, 2.

Valves circular. 28-136,u. in diameter.
with elevated or depressed center (cf.
0Ku:-:o, 1944, figs. 1b, c). Frustule pores
about 10-11 in 10JJ., arranged in radiatingrows. each 2-4 rows forms a fasciculus.
In the center of the valve, the arrangement of frustule pores somewhat irregular. Marginal zone finely porous, pores
about 20-25 in lO,u., arranged in threelines decussating at about 60 degrees.
On the inner border of the marginal* Read June 18, 1955; received july 29, 1955.
133

Jlaruo 0Kt:No

134

Navicula hasta PA~TOCSEKNavicula maculata (BAILEY) CLEVE

Pl. 22, Figs. I a, b.

Text-fig. 1-A, B-1, 2; Pl. 22, Figs. 2a, b.

Navicula has/a PANTOCSEI\, 1893, Foss. Bacill.
Ung., vol. 3, p. 69, pl. 5, fig. 74, pl. 14, fig.
213.- Ht:STEDT, 1930, Bacilli., p. 306, fig.
541.-Miu.s. 1934, Index, p. 1058.-Tt:MuRA, 1937, Bot . •.~ Zoo/. Tokyo, vol. 5, p.
798, pl. :~. fig. 68.-0JWKO, 1952. Atlas
Foss. Diat., pl. 25, fig. 6.-HATTORI, 1954,
foum. Japan. Bot., vol. 29, p. 31.

Navicula macula/a (B,-\ILEY) CLEVE, 1895,
Synop. Nav. Diat., pt. 2, p. 46.-BoYF.R,
1927, Synop. North Amer. Diat., pt. 2, p.
403.-HAKKA, 1933. 23-241/t Rep. Florida
St. Geol. Surv, p. 94, pl. 11, fig. 3.

Valves typically lanceolate. withsomewhat acute ends. Length 68-90J.L;
breadth 13-18J.L. Axial area narrow,central area suborbicular. The valve isalternately thicker and thinner in its
costal and intercostal areas. Costal andintercostal areas severally 5 in 10J.L. atthe ends of the va!ve becoming closer,
up to 12 in 10,u. Intercostal areas areporous with frustule pores. Frustulepores are rectangular holes, about 300liOO mJ.L long and about 70-100 mJ.L broad,24-28 in lO,u. In the present electronmicroscopy, no closing or sieve membrane \vas found in the frustule pores.
In Pl._ 22, Fig. 1b, at the edge of thebroken raphe, a thin membrane about
400 mf£ broad which I presume to be
the inner membrane (im) of the raphe
is clearly shown (cf. HusTF.DT, 1930,
BacilL p. 11, fig. 12-g).
Habitat: Fresh water, littoral.
Occm-rencc: In diatomite. (Specimen,
nos. 1239, 1247, 1255, 1366, 1543, E71,
E72, E328) Yamaura-mura and Tajibumura. Oita Prefecture.
Pliocene orPleistocene. Nishise-mura, Kumamoto
Prefecture. Pleistocene. Ureshino-cho,
Saga Prefecture. Neogene. Koriyamamura, Kagoshima Prefecture. Pleistocene. Lake Suwa (From bottom mud,
HATTORI, 1954).
The living form of this species wasreported by TuMURA 0937) from Lake
Ashi.

Valves lanceolate-elliptical, with produced or subrostrate ends. Length 90108 (90-120),u; breadth 38-40 (35-45),u.
Axial area narrow. Central area large,
dilated transversely.
Frustule pores(puncta) 5-6 (5-7) in 10,u, forming
radiating and undulating longitudinalrows. Radiating rO\vs about 6-7 in lO,u.
var. acula OK.:No. var. nov.
Text-fig. 1-ll (3, 4); PI. 22, Fig>. 3a. b.

Valvis lanceolatis. apicibus acuterotundatis.
130-220J.L longis : 45-50,ulatis. Striae subradiantibus 5-6 in lO,u,pori 5-G in lOJ.L.
var. injlata 0Kl':"O, var. nov.
Pl. 22, Figs. 4a-c.

Valvis late-elliptic-is. cum polis productis. 105-210,u longis; 7D-120J.L latis.
Striae radiantibus, 4-6 in 10,u, frequenterad submarginem a linea Iongitudinaliinterruptis. Pori 1-5 in 10,_..
var. gigantea OK~:-.;o, var. nO\·.
Pl. 22, Figs. 5a -c.

Valvis rhomboideo-lanceolatis, cum
polis acutis vel subproductis. 200-300,ulongis. 8D-115,u latis. Striae subradiantibus, 4-5 in lO,u, pori 4-5 in lOJ.L.
These three new varieties are somewhat similar respectively to N. maculata,
varr. majorll and lanceolata2'.
The--------

1) HF.IDEK-Ro.>TOCK (1903), in A. ScH).ilDT,
Atlas Diat., pl. 244, figs. 1-4.
2) (1906), 1. c., pl. 262, fig, 12.

Electron-Microscopic Fine Structure of Fos3il Diatoms.

135

IV

difference3 are shown in the following table :Comparison of !..~ maculata and its five varieties

Shape
l

End
1

Length (!<)
Breadth(~L)

Striae in---,N. macula/avar. acuta

var. inflata I var. gigantea _ var. major

lanceolateellipticalproduced or
subrostratelanceolate

broad
ellipticalproduced90-12035-45
6-7

roundedacuteI130-22045-50
5-6

1os-21070-120
4-5

5-6

4 5

rhombiclanceolate' acute or
subproduced
I

v:\T.

/ance~lalal

lanceolat~ to lanceolate
elliptical!
produced or produced
subrostrate1

2oo-3oo80-11517o-19o
62-68

4-5

5

245
70
5

4-5

5-6

5 6

10!1Pores in

10('-

5-7

~···

:·-·_:A

B- 4

Text-fig. 1. Fine structure of the frustule pores of J..'avicula macula/a and varr. acuta,
ilif/ala, and gigatttea. A. A portion of the val•1e, viewed from the outside (or the inside?),showing the hemispherical sieve membranes. B. Frustule pores viewed vertically (1, 2).
Pores found in the species and the three new varieties. 3, 4, Pores found sometimes invar. acuta: note the presence of the sxondary sieve membrane;;). ca, Central area. fp,
Frustule pore. osv, Outer surface of valve (or isv, Inner surface of valve?). psm, Primarysieve membrane. sm. Sieve membrane. sp, Sieve por.:. ssm, Secondary sieve membrane.

In the present electron-microscopy, it
was elucidated that N. maculata :md
varr. acuta, injlata, gigautea are thesame in their sieve membrane structure.
Namely, the sieye membranes of thefrustule pores of these four forms arehemispherical. and probably convex
outwards (or concave inw:uds? The
details could not be elucidated in thepresent research). The sieve membrane
has a round to rectangular central areaand 7-12 radial, slit-like sieve pores'
136

Haruo OKUNO(Text-fig. 1). The central area (ca) is
membraneous. often porous with one orseveral pores of various shapes and sizes.
The sieve pore (sp) is linear to clavate,
about 2.5-4J..t- long and about 1-1.5).£
broad. In N. macrelata and var. inflata,
sieve membranes (sm) were ·in manycases almost completely lost (PI. 22.
Figs. 2b, 4c): in var. acuta and gigantea
they were in many cases well preserved.
In the valves of var. acuta, the sieve
pores half closed by the delic<:.te. secondary sieve membranes (ssm) were rarely
found (Text-fig. 1, B-3, 4; Pl. 22, Fig.
3b). Such a frustule pore with theprimary and secondary sieve membranes
probably represents the unbroken stateof the frustule pore common to N.
maculata. varr. acuta, injlata and gigmztea. Frustule pores of these four forms
seem somewhat locular. but owing tothe overthickness of the valves forpenetration of the electron beam, thedetails of the locular structure could not
be revealed in the electron microscope.
(Of the locular structure of var. major,
see Hc:IDE:-\-RosTocK's diagram in A.
ScHMIDT. Atlas Diat., pl. 241, fig. 3,
which shows the incomplete loculi opening outwards.)
Habitat : Marine, littoral.
Occurrence: In d·iatomite. (Specimen,
nos. m853-6. E350 (var. acuta)-Holotype.
E237 (var. i11jlata)-Holotype. E36'1 (var.
gigantea)-Holotype. Near Basalt, Esmeralda County. Nevada, U. S. A.3J Probably
3)

The geological age of the deposit is notexactly known, but it is probably late
Pliocene. It is badly faulted and in elevation is above its original level. The
deposit has been mined by the Great
Lakes Carbon Corporation for s~veral
years. The strata in this deposit are at
a 30° dip and the deposit has been mined
to a maximum depth of 100 feet. (Communicated by Dr. ERNEST L. NEU.)

late Pliocene.
Cymbella me:cicana (EHRENBERG) CLEVE
Text-fig. 2 (5); PI. 21, Figs. 2a-c.

Cymbella me%icana (EHRE:-\BERG) CLEVE,
1894, Synop. Nav. Diat., pt. 1, p. 177BoYER, 1927. Synop. North Amer. Diat.,
pt. 2, p. 283.-.HusTEDT, 1931. in A.
ScHMIDT, Atlas Diat., pl. 367, figs. 1, 2.
-HANNA, 1932. Univ. Ka11sas Sci. Bull.,vol. 20, 110. 21, pl. 32, fig. 4.-MILLS,
1933, Index, p. 551.-LoHMA!\, 1938, Geol.
Surv. Prof Paper, 189-C. p. 84, pl. 23,
fig. 14.
C. kamtschatica GRUNOW, 1885, in A. SCHMIDT.
1. c., pl. 10, fig. 31.
Cocco11ema me:~:icana EHRE!\BERG, A. SCHMI·
DT, 1885, 1. c., pl. 10, figs. 32, 33.-\VOl.LE,
1894, Diat. North Amer., pl. 6, fig. 4.

Valves lunate, with slightly gibbous
ventral margin and subrostrate, truncate
ends. Length 100-240p. : breadth 28-55J..t-.
Raphe arcuate, with reflexed terminal
fissures. Axial area linear. central area
suborbicular. A stigma without a distinct fissure occurs in the center of thecentral nodule. Frustule pores about 810 in 10J.L, arranged in slightly radiatingtransverse rows about 7-10 in lOJ..t-,
becoming closer at the ends, up to 13
in lOp..
Electron-optically, the frustule poresare quadrate to rectangular, and they
are probably holes. The frustule pore
about 500-650 mJ..t- long and 400-500 mp.
broad, half closed on the out- or insideby 3-5 (usually 4) ingrowths of moreor less spade-shaped sieve membranes,
leaving between them a crossed slit-likesieve pore (Text-fig. 2 (5); Pl. 21, fig.
2c). The sieve membranes seem to be
somewhat convex or concave at thecenter of the frustule pore. The sieve
membrane of this species is rather
comparable in its shape to that ofDidymosphenia (cf. OKU!\o, 1953, Bot. Mag.

Electron-Microscopic Fine Stmcture of Fossil Diatoms.

Tokyo, vol. 66, p. 122. pl. 1, fig. 7; 1954. Trails.
Proc. Pa/aeont. Soc. Japan. NS., No. 14. p.
147, pl. 18. fig-s. 5b-d).
In refined, commercial diatomite .. Dicalite 4200 " 4>, I

found valves of the present species inwhich the s·ieve membranes were completely lost (Pl. 21. fig. 2b). Such adestruction of sieve membrar:es wasprobably caused by the thermal andchemical treatments during the courseof refinement. In living forms of C.
australica (A. ScHMIDT) CLEVE from
Kyoto (Specimen no. 1624. Apr. 1954),
I found re..;tangular frustule pores withsieve membranes somewhat akin to thoseof the present species. In the frustulepores of C. australica. several leaves of

3

IV

137

tongue-shaped sieve membranes growmore or less deeply to the center. leaving
an undulating or branched sieve pore
which bears considerable resemblance
to that of C. mexicmw (Text-fig. 2 (2.
3, 4); Pl. 21, Figs. 3a, b). And in living
forms of C. tumida (BRElllssoN) Van
HEtJRCK from Nikko (Specimen no. 1460.
Apr. 1949), I found oblong frustule pores,
each with a linear, rarely undulating or
branched sie\·e pore (Text-fig. 2 (1, 2,3); Pl. 21, Fgs. 4a, b). Thus, of thefrustule pores of Cymbella, in relation
with the dimension of the frustule poresand the degree of ingrowth of sieve
membranes, hitherto, five types of sieve
pores-the linear. the undulating, thedichotomous, and t~:e more 0r less stellate types-were found (Text-Jig. 2).
Habitat: Fresh water, littoral.
Occzwrence : In diatomite. (Specimen,
no. 1645) Terrebonne, De~chu~es County,
Oregon, U.S. A Miocene. Guatemala(CLEVE), Monterey ( HusTEJJT), Kettleman Hills (LoHMAN), Wallace (1-lA'<S,\).
Living form; Kamtschatka (WEISSFL.),
North America (BtWER. Wor.r.E), S.
Andre::! (Grwl'ow), Vancouver Island(CLEVE).
Surirella elega1ls EHRi,NBERG
Pl. 21, Figs. Sa-c.

45
Text-fig. 2. Various types of sieve poresin the frustule pores of Cymhella. 1, Linear.
2, Undulating. 3, Dichotomous. 4. 5, Stellate. sm, Sieve membrane. sp, Sieve pore.
1, 2. 3, in C. lrmrida. 2, ::1, 4, in C. australica.
5, in C. mexicmra. (Type-4 was found onlyin the frustule pores along the border of theaxial area.)
4)

Earth, calcined at about 2000°F. in arotary kiln, adding fluxing agent which
has the effect of agglomerating small
particles and whitening the earth. (Communicated by Dr. ER!\E5T L. NEu.)

Sttrirella e/eg:ms EHRENBERG. A. SCII~UDT,
1885, Atlas Dial, pl. 21, fig. 18.-BOYER,
1927, Synop. North Amer. Di:lt., pt. 2. p.
537.-!VliLLS, 1934, Index, p. 1516.-H:.:BERPESTALOZZI, and Hr;sTEDT, 1942. Diat.,
p. 515, fig. 628.

Frustule in girdle view cuneate.
Valves ovate. Length 130-190 (13:)425)p.; breadth 70-90 (40-90)p.. Costae
18-20 in lOOp., indistinct to the broadcentral space. Intercostal area is finely
porous. Frustule pores in the intercostal
areas are round to elliptic holes :J.bout

138

Haruo OKUNO

350-650 mp, in diameter. Holes occur
about 4-6 in lp,, and arranged in transverse rows about 3-4 in lp.. I foundsimilar round holes in fossil frustules ofS. robusta from Arii-mura, Mie Prefecture. Of the holes of these fossil forms,
no closing membrane was fotmd. In
living form of S. gemma, lh:LMCKF. and
KRIEGERsJ found a compound frustulepore. According to them, the frustulepore of S. gemma opens freely inwards
and seems to have outer sieve membranewith rmmd poroids.
Habitat: Fresh water, littoral.
Occm·re1tce: In diatomite. tSpecimen,
nos. 1640. E244. "Dicalite 4200 ") Terrebonne. Deschutes County. Oregon,
U.S. A Miocene.
Acknowledgement

The writer wishes to expre:s his
thanks to the Ministry of Education for
a Grant in Aid for Scientific Researchwhich made this research possible.
Further the writer takes this opportunityof thanking Dr. ERNEST L. NF.u, theChief Chemist of the Dicalite Division,
Great Lakes Carbon Corporation, whokindly sent the writer many specimensof the American diatomites with fulldescription of localities, geological ages
and etc.
5)

1951. Verh. Deul. Zoo/. Ges.
haven, pp. 438-4-13.

Wilhelms-

References
DESIKACHARY, T. V. (1952), Electron microscope study of the diatom-wall structure.
]oun1. Sci. ltzdust. Res., vol. llB, p. 491500.
- - & BAHADliR, K. (1954} Electron microscope study of diatom wall structure. II.
I. c., vol. 13B, pp. 92-94.
- - (1954), do. III. Amer. ]ourn. Bot., vol.
4 z, pp. 616-619.
- - & - - (1954). do. IV. ]oum. Sci. Indust.
Res, vol. 13B, pp. 240-243.
- - & - - (1954), do. V. Trans. Amer.
Microsc. Soc.. vol. 73, pp. 274-277.
(1954), do. VI. Mikrosk. vol 9. pp. 168·
178.
FOTT, B & Ro~sl V·AL, l'-'1. (1950). Frustulesof Atteya Zachariasii in electron microscope.
Stud. Bot. Cechosl.. vol. 11, pp. 262-267.
HEURCK, H. (1880-1), Svnopsis des Diatomees
de Belgique.
IlUSTEDT, F. (1926-35), Untersuchnngen tiberden Bau der Diatomeen. I. Ber. Deut. Bot.
Ges., vol. 44. pp. 142-150. II-III. vol. 44,
pp. 394-402. IV-VI. vol. 46. pp. 148-164.
VII-VIII. vol. 47, pp. 101-110. IX. vol. 47,
pp. (59)-(69). X-XI. vol. 53. pp. 3-41. XU.
vol. 53, pp. 246-264.
- - (1930), Bacillariophyta. 2 Auf. PAsCHER,
Siissw.-Flora Mitteleuropas. H. 10.
- - (1930). Die Kieselalgen Deutschland,
Osterreichs und der Schweiz. RABENHORST,
Kryptogamen-Flora. vol. 7. Teil. I, II.
(1945, 52). Die Struktur der diatomeen
und die Bedeutung des Elektronen-Mikroskops fiir ihre Analyse. I. Arch. f !Iydrob.
vol. 41, pp. 315-331. II. uol. 47, pp. 295:~01.

PLA TEOI<u Ko : Fine Structure of Fossil Diatoms

5b

5c

21

PLA T E

0 Kur-:o: Fine Structure of Fossil Dia toms

4c

5c

22

Electron-Microscopic Fine Structure of F'ossil Diatoms.

IV

139

Explanation of Plate 21
L. M. : Light Micrograph. E. M. : Electron Micrograph.
Electron micrographs without special remarks were obtained from the direct
preparations.
Figs. 1a, b. Stephanodiscus niagarae EIIREKBERG. Yatsuka-mura, Okayama Pref. la (L. M. x 500).
1b ~E. M. X 12000).
Figs. 2a-c. Cymbella mexica11a (EHRE~BEIW) CLEVE. 2a, b. in " Dicalite 4200 ". 2c, in natural
earth6>. Terrebonne, Oregon, U.S. A. 2a (L.l\'1. x400). 2b, c (E. M. 2b, Sieve membranes
are lost. x 5000. 2c, Sieve membranes are preserved. x 13000). 2a, b, Obtained from thesame valve.
Figs. 3a, b. C. australica (A. SCHMIDT) CLEVE Living form. Kyoto, Kyoto Pref. 3a (L. M.
X 500).
3b (E. M. X I2000).
Figs. 4a, b. C. tumida (BREBlssoN) Van HEURCK. Living form. Nikko, Tochigi Pref. 4a (L. M.
X 650). 4b (E. l\I. X 13500).
Figs. 5a-c. S11rirc/la elegmzs EHRENBERG. 5a, b, in "Dicalite 4200 ". 5c, in crude earth. Terrebonne, Oregon, U.S. A. 5a (L.l\1. x300). 5b, c (E. M. 5b x9000. 5c x8100).
6) Earth subjected to drying, a very slight degree of milling, and some classification, to removecoarse grit and extremely fine particles. (Communicated by Dr. ERNEST L. NEU.)

Explanation of Plate 22
Figs. 1a, b. Navicula lzasta PANTOCSEK. Nishise-mura, Kumamoto Pref. 1a (L.M. xSOO). 1b(E. M. x4000). im. Inner membrane of raphe.
Figs. 2a. b. N. maculata (BAILEY) CLEVE. Esmeralda, Nevada U.S. A. 2a (L. M. x 500). 2b(E. M. x 1350). Sieve membranes are completely lost. 2a, b, Obtained from the same valve.
Figs. 3a, b.--var. acuta OJHJNO, var. nov. Esmeralda, Nevada, U.S. A. 3a (L. M. x 200). 3b(E. lVI. x 25000). 3a, b, Obtained from the same valve.
Figs. 4a-c. -var. i11jlata OKUNO. var. nov. Esmeralda, Nevada, U.S. A. 4a, b (L. M. 4a x 300.
4b x 260). 4c (E. 1\I. x 10000). sm, Remain of the broken sieve membrane.
Figs. 5a-c.--var. giga11tea OKUJS'O, var. nov. Esmeralda, Nevada, U.S. A. 5a, b (L. 1\1. 5a x200.
5b x 150). 5c (E. M. x 12500).

'
140

PUBLICATIONS RECEIVED (11)1126. R. T. Orr:

Natural History of the Pallid
Bat, Autrozous pallidus (LeConte). Proc.
Calif. Acad. Sc. Ser. 4. vol. 28. No. 4,
1954.
1127. l\1. Sasa and E. W. Jameson, Jr.: The
Trombiculid Mites of Japan. Ibid., Ser.
4, vol. 28, No. 5, 1954.
1128. Japan. Journ. Geol. Geogr., Vol. 25, 1954.
1129. Annales de Ia Societe Geologique dePologne. Vol. 22, Fasc. 1. 1954.
1130. 1\'Iem. Fac. Sci. Kyushu Univ., s;:r. D.
Vol. 5, No. 1, 1954.
1131. - - ser. D. Vol. 5. No. 2, 1954.
1132. Graves, R. W. Jr.: G~logy of Hood
Spring Quadrangle. Brewster County.
Texas. Rep. Investigation No. 2l. Bureau
E::on. G~ol., Univ. Texas. l9:Yt
1133. Frizzell. D. L.: Handbook of Cretaceous
Foraminifera of Texas. Rep. Investigation, No. 22. Bureau Econ. Geol.. Univ.
Texas, 195<1-.
113-l. Barnes, V. E.: Phosphorite in Eastern
Lhno Uplift of Central Texas. Rep.
Investigation. No. 23. Bureau Econ. G~ol.,
Univ. Texas. 1954.
1135. Carpenter. F. M.: The Geological History
and Evolution of :nse:::Ls. Smiths. Rep.
for 1953. 1954.
1136. Curtis. G. H.: l\Iode of Origin of Pyroclastic D<!bris in the l\Iehrten Formationof the Sierra Nevada. Univ. Calif. Pub!.
Geol. Sci., Vol. 29, 195-l.
1137. Wilson, E.].: Foraminifera from theGaviota Form:~tion East of Gaviota
Creek, California. Ibid., Vol. 30, No. 2.
1951-.
1138. lligg;;, D.V.: Anorthosite nnd related
Rocks of the Western San Gabriell\lountains. Southern California. Ibid ..
Vol. 30, No. 3, 1954.
1139. Senckenbergiana Lethaea, Bd. 35. Nr. 34. 1954.
1140. Quart. Jour. G~ol. Soc. London, Vol. 110.
pt. 3. 195'1.

1141. Boletin del Centro deDoc:.unentacion
Cientifica y Tecni::a, !'vlexico. Tome 3. No.
12. 195-1-.
1142. Natural Science Repo:·t, Oc!-tanomizu
Univ .. Vol. 5. No. 1. 195-l.
1143. J. S. Weiner. W. E. LeGros Clark. K. P.
Oa'<ley. G. F. Claringbull and M. H. Hey.
F.]. Edmunds. S. H. U. 13owie and C. F.
D.widson, C. F. M. Fryd, A. D. BaunesCope. A. E. A. Werner and R. J. Ple3ters:
Further Contributions to the So'ution of
the Piltdown Problem. Bull. Brit. Mus.
(Nat. Hist.). G~l. Vol. 2, No. 6, 1955.
1144. Friedberg, W.: Poloniae Finitiarumque
Terrarum Mollusca :\liocaenica. Pars 1,
G1stropoda et Scaphopo:la, Zeszyt drugi.
1951.
1145. Ibid., Zeszyt trzeci, 195<l.
114-6. f~~EH'&f4~~<1WIM!ilf3'l!~Flr. No. 5, 1955.
1147. R. Hantke: Die fo;;sile Flora der obermiozanen Oehninger-Fundstelle Sc~rotz­
burg (Schienerberg, SUd-Baden). Denkschr. Naturfor;;ch. G~sell;;ch., Bd. 80, Abh.
2. 1954.
1148. R. Hantke:
Die fossil en Betu:aceenJ{este aus der Oberen Siisswassermolasse
von Oehningan (SUd-Baden), Berich.
Schweiz. Botanisch. G~sells.; Bd. 64 1954.
1149. Staub, R. : Der Bau der Glarneralpen
und seine prizipielle Bedeutung fiir die
Alpengeologie, 1954.
1150. A. Bally: Geologische Untersuchungenin den SE-Abru:zzen (G.!biet zwis::hender Ebene Von Sulmona und der Teiern
des Pescara und des unteren Sngro),
195•l.
1151. E. Liithi: G;:ologische Untersuchungen
im Gebiete zwischen Te:Benberg und St.
lmmertal, 1954.
1152. l\1. A. Frtz and B. F. Howell: An Upper
C:lmbrian Coral from Montana. Jour.
Paleont., Vol. 29, No. 1. 1955.
1153. :Jt.~NXT:®:»tmtru~lilf~tiH~ No. l, 1955.

Trans. Proc. Palaeont. Soc. Japan, N. S., No. 21, pp. 141-147, Pl. 23, Apr. 15, 1956

281. SOME BRACHIOPODS FROM THE LOWER KANOKURASERIES OF THE KIT AKAMI MOUNTAINS, JAPAN*
ICHIRO HAYASAKA and MASAO MINATO
Geological and Mineralogical Institute. Ilokkaido University:lt...r..[.l(J.1!! · ~t1tili!Ei$.">!ll1l.!E~Hf::::W: :lt...r..[.l(:ltll:U•I?'!*~;;;(Lt.:.. Pt·~.tOC_iWO)Jl,'i!JEm 8 fm~,;c~o .:.
"> i '!:> 6 fll(tflt*, 2f.:ntJ> 1?*\!2.~~. 1 00 (Cancrinefla cancriniformis spinosa) {tifillHll!:.::~-t ~o..!f.!li-EF>·* IE~
magna BRA:-<soN, 1930) :-Fauna of thePermian D~posits of Northern Caucasus,
I: Bra::hiopoda; S:.~bfamily Orthoteti·
nae WAAGEN.
Transactions of theUnited Geological and Prospecting Service
of USSR. jasc. 215, pp. 18-20 (Russian);
pp. 40-42 (English), pl. 1, fig3. 1. 2. 6,
7, 13; pl. 2, fig. 1 ; (?) pl. 3. fig. 1.
1939. Derbya magt1ijica, LlcHAREW:- The
Atlas of the Leading Forms of theFmsil Fauna USSR. vol. VI: Permian(Russian). p. 80, pl. 17, fig 1.

The eight species described in thefollowing pages are all found in theLower Kanokura-series (MlNATo. M. et
al. 1954) developed in the southern partof the Kitakami mountains. Their age
may be Middle Permian in rough estimation, that is, it may correspond to the
Neoschwagerina- Verbeelu'nazone of
THOMPSON.
Derbya magnifica LicHAREW
Clumetes (Plicochouetes) deplanata(WAAGE:'\)
Caucrinella villiersi kozlowskiana(FREDERICKS)
C. cancriniformis spinosa. subsp. nov.
Striatifera? sp.
Lhwproductt!S cora (n'ORRIGNY)
Jv!artinia semiplana WAAGE:-.:.M: semiplana WAAGE:-1 var. lata

LrcHAREW himself. who proposed thename Derbya magtta for this species,
later substituted it by the name D.
magnifica because it was found thatthe former had been preoccupied by"Ortlwtetes (Derbya) magmrs BRANsoN."(L!CHAREW. 1939) .
A rather severely deformed inner moldof a Derbya from the Kanokura seriesof Imo is the material at hand of thisspecies. LtcnAR~-:w's original descrip.
tion with illustration is very thorough,and the important specific charactersrecognized are almost wholly represented
in the Japanese specimen. except thatthe latter is somewhat smaller, andthat the auric·Jlar expansions are notrecognized ; the latter feature, however,may possibly be due to its being an
inner mold. At any rate, the Ja1:anese

GRABAU

Before going into the description. thewriters wish to offer their thanks to
Messrs. K. YAMADA and H. SuET0MI.
who collected some of the fossils here
dealt with.
Derbya magnifica LICHAREW
Pl. 23, Figs. 1a, b, c.
1932.

Derbya magna, LICHAREW (non Derbya* Read Dec. 12, 1951 ; received Aug. 4, 1955.
141

142

Ichiro HAYASAKA and Masao MINATO

fossil seems to be most closely allied to
Derbya magnifica LiciTAREW as far as
our knowledge is concerned.
The valves are only weakly convex.
The ventral one is slightly concave
anteriorly: tl~e dorsal is almost semicirculer in outline. The ventral valve
develops a long, conspicuous median
septum inside ; and the pseudodeltidium
is wider than in D. grandis WAAGEN(WAAGEN, W., 1882) which looks quite
fike the former. only being somewhat
shorter : the latter is from the 1V1iddle
Product us- Limestone.
In the collection of brachiopods now
at hand there is another specimen. also
a poorly preserved small example(17036), which. judged from the characters observed, looks like a young individual of the species here described.
Among allied species hitherto known,
Derbya cymbula HALL and CLARKE(Du:-<BAR, C. 0. and CoNDRA, G. E., 1932)
may be one closely approximate to
the present species. If a wide range ofform variation is allowed of the species,
the Eurasiatic and the American forms
may well be regarded as conspec-ific.
Othenvise, the Kitakami example of D.
magnifica and the North American D.
cymbula differ in the outline of valves.
The former, though somewhat deformed,
is longer than wide in outline comparedwith the latter, and the median folding,
not very distinct, is recognized in theformer, while such is lacking in thelatter. The North American species
ranges from the uppermost Pennsylvanian to the LO\ver Permian.
Hor.: tower Kanokura-series.
Loc.: Imo, Yahagi-mura, Kesen-gun, lwate
Prefecture. Reg. no. : 17035, Coil. :YAMADA.
Loc.: Kanokura, Setamai-machi, Kesen-gun,
Iwate Prefecture.
Reg. no.: 17036.
Coli.: 1\I. MINATO.

Chonetes (Plicochonetes) deplanata(WAAGF.K)
Pl. 21, Fig. 8.
1883. Chouetes deplanata, WAAG EN : Salt
Range Fossils, p. 637, pl. LX, figs. 5, 6.

Shell represented by ventral valves
only, that are not:lbly depressed,very slightly convex in all directions,and with flattened wings. Hir.ge line
straight. representing the greatest widthof shell ; cardinal extremities acute,sharply pointed. Apex also is slightly,
pointed and bending over a little.
Sinus starts at the apex as a ver:1
narrow and shallow depression, but it
rather abruptly broadens and deepens
towards shell margin. Within sinus,
there are three very low and fine plicae,
one at the middle, and the two otherson either side of it. On both sides ofthis sinus, there are strong and broadribs, that bifurcate (or trifurcate) anteriorly. Near the boundary between thewing and the body of the valve, there
also develop two indistinct short ribs.
Remarks : This species is characterized by having a transverse shell, which
is far wider than long, by being trapezoid
in outline. The specimens, now underconsideration may look somewhat to resemble Chonetes squamulifera WAAGE!'\,(W AAGEN, W., 1882): however, they areeasily distinguishable from the latter inhaving far flatter ventral valve, withdichotomous plicae.
Hor.:
Loc.:

Lower Kanokura series.
Kanokura-yama, Setamai-machi, Kesengun, Iwate Prefecture. Reg. no.: 17176
Coil.: M. MIN ATO.

Cancrinella FREDERICKS, 1928.
In the collection of the Departmentof Geology and Mineralogy of ourSome Brachiopods from the Lower 1\anokura Series of the Kitakami 1\lts.

University there are a number of small
productids which. are characterized bythin, thread-like radial striae and moreor less elongate warts at in-egular intervals, crossed by concentric wrinkles.
Pedicle valve is strongly convex. These
characters show a very great possibility of the specimens being Caucrinella. Although the specimens at handare not at all in very good condition ofpreservation, it seems there are forms
in which the brachial valves are concave,on the one hand, and those that havegeniculated brachial valves. on the other.
When FREDERicKs attempted a classification of Productus into many types
in 1928. he based his differentiation on
two groups of features. primary andsecondary. Primarily the productoid
brachiopods were divided into threegroups according to the form of brachialvalves: namely, a) "Plani.. in which
the brachial valve is practically plane,b) "Concavi" including the forms witha concave brachial valve and c) "Geniculati " those with a geniculate brachialvalve. The secondary characterizing
features were sculptures and ornamentaticns of the shell surface. Ry the
combination of these primary and secondary elements many different types
may be distinguished. but 15 are represented by actual forms or species in
FREDERicKs' paper, of which 3 are notgiven names: the named 12 include
Buxtonia Tno!\IAS, Echiuoconclzus WELLER, Pustula TnoMAs and Prodzectus (s.
s.) SowERTIY, all the others being new.
Ca11erinellll is one of the l'!ew subgenera
or genera of FREDERICKS.
Cancrinella is characteristically astriato-spinose group. According to his
system FREDERicKs recognized two distinct forms or species, namely :1) forms with a concave dorsal valve :examples-Prod. uilliersi n'ORu.

143

koninckiames KEYS. and2) forms with a geniculate dorsal
valve : examples-Prod. cattcrittiformis TscHER:-.;., Prod. cancrini
VERN.

No forms with a plane brachial valve
seems to have been recognized by FRE·
DERICKS.

Now, the forms with a concave dorsal
valve among the specimens at hand
naturally fall in the first group-thatof Prod. villiersi as is evident fromthe description and illustration of the
Bolivian material by KozLoWsKI. 1914.
In other words. they are Cancrinelllluilliersi kozlowskiana FREDERICKS.
On the other hand. the specimens
described as Prod. villiersi lwzlowskianaby the senior author of this note in
1925, three years before the publicationof the classification of FREDERICKs. have
not had to be called by this name sincethen, because it was characterized by
the geniculation of the dorsal valve.
They are to l::e regarded as belonging
to the second group represented by Prod.
cmzcrim"formis, according to the system
of Fr~EDERicKs. However. as far as thewriters' knowledge on Prod. cancriniformi's obtained through various descriptions and illustrations available isconcerned. the fossils under consideration
as well as the equivalent forms in thepresent collection widely differ from it
in point of sculpture and ornamentation,
not to speak of the general growthhabit. In the3e respects those fossils
are very much more closely similar toCcmcrinus villiersi kozlowskiana.
It
would seem more reasonable to callthem by some other subspecific namecorresponding to kozlowskiana.
If. however, FrmnERICKs' principle ofclassification is to be strictly adheredto, these latter forms must be dealt
with as a subspecies of Cane. cancrini-

144

lchiro HAYASAKA and Masao l'v[INATO

formis instead of Cane. villie1·si. The
authors consider it advisable to propose
for it a new name spitwsa.
Ca11crinella vi/lier.~i kozlowsldmw(FHEDJmicKS)
Pl. 23, Fig. 5.

Productus vil/iersi, KozLOWSKI :-Lesbrachiopo::le;; du Carbonifere superiurde Bolivie. A>1nals de Paleollfologie, IX.
pp. 42-45, pl. II. figs. 39-60.
1915. Product us CUIICI'illi, DIENER: -The
Anthrac. Fauna of Kashmir. Kunaurand Spiti. Pal. Ind. N. S., vol. V, 2,
p. 73. pl. VI. fig. 1 ; pl. VIII. fig. 1.
1924. Productus villiersi koninckiana, FREDERICKS :-up. Pal. Us5uriland. 11. Perm
Brach. Cape Kalouzin. Rec. Geol. Com.
Russ. Far East, 110. 40, p. 18, pl. I, figs.
36-40; pl. 11. figs. 86, 87.

importance. In reality, it is in 1928 that
FREDERicKs published his new classifica-tion of Producti, based on his extended
studies on numerous specimens.
Hor. : Lower Kanokura series.
Loc.: Imo, Yahagi-mura, Kesen-gun, lwate
Prefecture. Coil. : YAMADA. Reg. no. :17221.

1914.

Thi3 is a small, striata-spinose productid, ornamented with thin radial striae
and rather faint concentric wrinkles
dotted with more or less elongate spine
bases. With respect to these features
this subspec-ies is not distinguishable
from what was described by the senior
writer in 1925 as Prod. villiersi lwzlowslu'tma. Forms identical with the latterare found in the present collection, andthey are called Ca1Zc. cancri1liformissPi11osa, as described below. In reality
neither of these forms is easily distinguished from the Bolivian species, Prod.
villiersi of KozLOWSKI, as far as thecharacters observed on the pedicle valves
are concerned. The present subspecies
coincides with the latter in possessing
a concave (not geniculate) brachialvalve, which is geniculate in the other.
The senior author of this paper whendescribed the Kitakami forms had onlya scanty material.
At that time
the form of the dorsal valve, whether
concave or geniculate; was not duly
estimated as a distinctive feature of any

Caucrinella caucr·i11iformis spi llO.'>asubsp. nov.
Pl. 23. Figs. 4a, b.
1925.

Producttts villiersi kozlowskia11a. HAY ASAKA (non FREDERICKS) :-On someBrach. from the Lyt1o11ia-Horiz., Kitakami Mts. Japan. ]our. Geol. Geogr.,
vol. 4, pp. 96-97. pl. V, figs. 10. 11.

Several specimens are in the collection,
but few are in a better condition thanthose described by the senior author in1925 as Prod. villiet·si kozlowslziana ;they are mostly external molds of distorted pedicle valves of a small size.
Surface ornamentation consists in thinradial striae and more or less elongate
spine bases as well as faint concentricwrinkles. In one of the specimens thebrachial valve is seen to be strongly
geniculate, with the surface sculpture
similar to that of the opposite valve.
As stated above, this subspecies is in
general appearance very much like Cane.
villiersi kozlowslzimw except that thebrachial valve is geniculate. which fea•ture disproves the specimens being thisvery species, according to the definitionof FREDERICKS.
Hor. : Lower Kanokura series.
Loc.: Imo, Yahagi-mura, Kesen-gun, Iwate
Prefecture. Coli.: K. YAMADA, Reg.
no.: 17848.

Stratitera ? sp.
Pl. 23, Figs. 6, 7.

There are, in our collection, fragmenta

Some Brachiopods from the Lower Kanokura Series of the Kitakami Mts.

of what can not be anything else thana particular form of a Productid. Although the specimens are by no means
in a favorable state of preservation,
being more or less deformed as well.
certain important sculptural features areclearly recognized. In one of the specimens which is an external mold of abrachial valve the following characters
are observed.
The valve is rather uniformly andshallowly concave except around apex.
Hinge line is straight and is conjectured
to l::e slightly shorter than the greatest
breadth of the valve. No trace of amedian fold is recognized.
The surface sculpture is very characteristic. It consists of very fine radiating
thread-like striae in alternation withequally thin interspaces. and very conspicuous concentric wrinkles by which
the radial striae are often interrupted.
The radial striae seem to increase in
number anteriorly by insertion of new
ones: they count in the anterior partabout 10 in a space of 10 mm. The
concentric wrinkles nre very natTow andnumerous. quite regular in the umbonal
region : they become very irregularmarginally ; some are flexuous and discontinuous, some others bifurcate.
Remarks :-The most conspicuous of
the characters of this imperfect fossil
is, as stated above. the surface sculptureof the shell. Among the different patterns of the surface ornamentation of
Productids the one characteristic of suchgroups as Striattfera CnAo (CnAo. Y.T..
1927) and Li1wproductus CnAo (CHAn,
Y. T.. 1927) are the type to which thatof the Japanese fossil under consideration belongs. The two genera referred
to are distinguished from each other inthe form of the brachial valves. However, as the complete form of valves of
the Japanese specimens is not known,145

it is not possible to say to wbich it ismore approximate in this respect. Consequently. a detailed observation on thesurface sculpture becomes necessary to
decide the matter.
Through critical studies of the forms
described by CuAo as species of Striatifera and Li1zoproductus, the present
writers are convinced that the Japanese
species represents the type of the former
rather than that of the latter.
Assuming that . the Kitakami fossil
under consideration is a Striatifera, it
looks very much like a Permian species
from Kashimir described by DIENER
as Productus zmdatus (DIENER, C.,1908). It is generally accepted that
this and the other Permian (and upper
Carboniferous) Product'i called Prod.
zmdatus are not identical with the original Carboniferous form of Europe.
There are many Permian Productids
that are characterized by the surface
ornamentation of Striatifem-Li11oProductus type as is described in the monographs of CnAo. for instance. An exaggerated aspect of this feature is shownin some specimens of Striatifera comPrcssa and its variety, mougolica, fromthe Permian of Caucasus (LicHARE\V,
B. K., 1937): the closeness and irregularforms of the concentric wrinkles shownin some of the pictures given by CHAo
are almost indistinguishable from theactual surface of the Kitakami fossil.
Hor. :

Loc.:

Lower Kanokura St>rics.
Imo, Yahagi-mura, Kesen-gun, Iwate
Prefecture. Coil.: K YAMADA. Reg.
no.: 17039.

Liuoproductus cora (n'ORBIGNY)
Pl. 23. Figs. 9. 10.
1884.

Productus com, WAAGEN: Salt Range
fo;;ils. p. 677, pl. LXVI, figs. 1-2; pl.
LXVII, fig. 3.

Ichiro HAYASAI<A and Masao MINATO

146

1925. Produc/us cora, HAY ASAI<A : On someBrachiopods from the Lyttonia ·horizonof lhe Kitakarni Mountains. fapau.
four. Geol. Geogr. vol. •1, p 94, pl. V,
figs. 7-9.
This species shows quite different
aspects. according to the condition ofpreservation of the individual specimens.
One of them here illustrated as fig. 10
is quite indistinguishable from the specimen figured formerly by HAYASAKA in
his fig. 7, pl. V, which was also a Kitakami specimen. The other specimen
here dealt with and figured as fig. 9 isdoubtlessly a mold of the dorsal valveof the same species. It is completely
identical with W AAGEN's specimen illustrated by him as fig. 1b in his plate

LXVII.
Hor. : Lower Kano:mra series.
Loc.: Kanokura-sawa, Setamai-rnachi. Kesengun, Iwate Prefecture. Coli.: M. MINATO and H. SUETOMI. Reg. nos.:
17038, 17243.
JHartirzia semiplana W AAGEN
Pl. 23, Fig. 2.

1852. Marti11ia semiplana, W AAGEN, Productus-Limestone Brachiopoda. p. 536, pl.
LXlii, fig. 4.

1902. 1l1artinia semiplmm, TscHERNYSCHEW :Die Obercarbonischen Brachiopoden desUral und des Timan, p. 565, pl. LX,
figs. 15-16.
1936. Marti11ia semip/ana, GRABAU: Early
Permian fo.;;sils of China, Palaeont. Sinica.
ser. B, vol. VIII, fasc ..J, p. 237, pl.
XXIV. figs. 1-4.
Several specimens. mostly externalmolds of pedicle valves, from the Lyf.
tmzia bed at Imo are referable to thisspecies. The outline of the ventral valve
is roundly subpentagonal, with very
prominent beak ; the hinge-line is about
1/2 the maxium breadth. All the ventral

valves have a very narrow and very
shallow sinal depression.
Hor.: Lower Kanokura series.
Loc.: 1mo, Yahagi-rnura, Kesen-gun, Iwate
Prefecture. Coli.: K. YAl\!ADA. Reg.
no.: 17218.
1\fclf"tinia semiplana WAAGEN var.
lata GRABAU
Pl. 23, Fig. 3.
1936. 1"lartinia semiplana, var. lata, GRABAU:
Early Permian fossils of China, Palaeontologia Sinica, ser. B. vol. VIII, fasc.
4, p. 239, pl. XXI, figs. 1-3.
GRABAU separated this variety byreason that shells are wider than long,in comparison with the type of WAAGEN's
species.
In the collection at hand, the shellsof this transverse type are found inassociation with the preceding species :they also have very narrow and shallow
sinal depression.
Hor. : Lower Kanokura series.
Loc.: 1mo, Yahagi-mura, Kesen-gun, Iwate
Prefecture. Coli. : K. YAMADA, Reg.
no.: 17222.
References
BRoil.!, F. (1916), Die permischen Brachiopoden von Timor, Palaeont. Timor. Lief. Vl/.
CHAO, Y. T. (1927). Productidae of China.
Palaeontologia Sinica, ser. B, vol. V, fasc. 2.
DIENER, C. (1908), Anthracolithic fossils of
Kashmir and Spiti, Palaeont. Indica, ser. XV,
vol. 1, pt. 2.
DUNBAH, C. 0. and CoNDRA, G. E. (1932),
Brachiopoda of the Pennsylvanian system
in Nebraska, Nebraska Geol. Surv. Bull. 5.
FREDERICKS. G. (1924), Upper Palaeozoic of
the Ussuriland, Pl. 2, Permian Brachiopoda
of Cape Kolo:.tzin, Rec. Geol. Com. Russ. Far
East, no. 40.
GRABAU, A. W. (1936), Early Permian fossils

HAYASAKA and MINATO: Some Brachiopods from the Kitakami Mts.

KUMANO

photo.

PLATE 23

Some Brachiopods from the Lower Kanokura Series of the Kitakami Mts.
or China, Pa/aconl. Siuica, ser. B. vol. VIII,
fasc ..J.
HAYASAKA, I. (H125), On some Brachiopods
from thl~ Lyttonia-horizon of the Kitakami
mountains, ft~pmz. jo111'. Ceo/. Ccogr. vol. 4,
p. 51.
KozLOWSKI, (1914). J..es Brachiopodes duCarbonifere superieur de Bolivie, Annates
de Pali:ontologie, vo/. IX.
LICHARF.W, B. K. (1932). Fuana of the Perm·
ian deposits of Northern Caucasus, Trans.

147

Unit. Ceo/. Prospect. Serv. USSR, fasc. 215.
- - (1939), The Atlas of the leading formsof the fossil fauna USSR, tJo/. VI, Permian.
.MINATO, M. et al. (1954). Zur Biostratigraphie
der pennischen Formation des SelamaiGeliindes in Si.id-Kitakami-Gebirge. /0111'.
Ceo/. Soc. ft~pmz, vol. 60, p. 378.
SHIMER, H. W. and SIIIWCK, R. R. (1949),
Index fossils of North America.
WAAGEN, W. (1882). Salt range fossils, Brachiopoda.

Explanation of Plate 23(All figures in natural size.)
Figs. la, lb, lc. Derbya magnifica LICHAREW
Reg. no.: 17035. Imo. Yahagi-mura, Kesen-gun, Iwate Pref.
Fig. 2. Marli11ia semip/mza WAAGE~
Reg. no.: 17218. Imo, Yahagi-mura, Kesen·gun, Iwate Pref.
Fig. 3. !lfartinia semip/mza var. lata GRABAUReg. no.: 17222. I mo. Yahagi-mura, Kesen-gun, Iwate Pref.
Figs. 4a, 4b. Cancrinclla catzcriniformis spinosa HAYASAKA et 1\UNATO
Reg. no.: 17818. Imo, Yahagi-mura, Kesen·gun, Iwate Pref.
Fig. 5. Cancrinellll villicrsi kozlowskia11a (FREDERICKS)
Reg. no.: 17221. Imo, Yahagi-mura, Kesen-gun. Iwate Pref.
Figs. 6, 7. Stl'ialifera ? sp. indel.
Reg. no.: 17039. lmo. Yahagi-mura, Kesen-gun. Iwate Pref.
Fig. 8. Clzomtcs (Piicochonetes) deplanata (WAAGEN)
Reg. no.: 17176. Kanokura-yama, Setamai-machi, Kesen-gun, Iwate Pref.
Figs. 9, 10. Li11oprod11clus cora ( o'ORBIGNY)
Fig. 9: reg. no.: 17038: fig. 10: 17243. Kanokura-sawa, Setamai-machi, Kesen-gun, Iwate
Pref.

T

148

PUBLICATIONS RECEIVED {12)1154. Jour. Earth Sci., Nagoya Univ., Vol. 3,

1155.

1156.
1157.

1158.

No. 1, 1955.
Martynov. A.: Permian Fossil Insectsfrom Kargala and their Relationships.
Travnmc Inst. Paleont. Acad. Sci. URSS,
tom~ 7, livr. 2, 1937.
Martynov, A.: Fcssil Insects, Ibid., tome
7, livr. 3, 1938.
Borissiak. A. A.: A New /Jicerorhinus
from the l'vliddle Miocene of North Caucasus, Ibid., tome 8, livr. 2, 1938.
Obruchev, D. V.: Studies on DevonianFishes of USSR. Ibid, tome 8, livr. 4,
1941.

1159. Bystrow, A. P. and J. A. Efrmov: Be11tlzosuclms suslzki11i-A Labyrinthodont
from the Eotriassic of Sharzhenga River.
Ibid., tome 10. livr. 1. 1940.
1160. Borissiak. A.: On the Equiclae from theMiddle l\liocene of Northern Caucasus.
Ibid .. tome 13, livr. 1, 1945.
1161. Rohdendorf, B. B. : The Evolution of theWing and the Phylogeny of Oligonura(Diptera, Nematocera). Ibid., tome 13,
Jivr. 2, 1946.
1162. Borissiak. A A.: A New Chalicothere
from the Tertiary of Kazakhstan, Ibid.,
tome 13, livr. 3, 1946.
1163.

ifl!mti1t:

mifli 7. :7 7. " .: rnif,J.:kJ:t!!~l1):m~~:flil:.":Jl.''C, ~~:;.1;:. lilffi, Vol. 3. No.

19, 1954.
1164. Fries, C., Hibbard, C. W.

and Dunkle,
D. H.: Early Cenozoic Vertebrates in
the Red Conglomerate at Guanajuato,
Mexico. Smiths. 1\·fisc. Coil., Vol. 123, No.
7, 1955.
1165. Judd. N. M.: The 1\laterial Culture of
Pueblo Bonito. Smiths. !\lise. Coli. Vol.
124, 1954.

Allen, G. M.:
Canid Remains from
Puebro Bonito and Pueb!o del Arroyo.
Ibid .. Vol. 124, 1954.
1166. Lveblich, A. R. and Tappan, H.:A

Revision of Some Glanduline Nodosariidae (Foraminifera). Smiths. Misc. Coli.,Vol. 126, No. 3. 1955.
The Morphology and1167. Buehler, E.].:
Taxonomy of the Halysitidae, Peabody
1\tus. Nat. Hist .. Bull. 8, 1955.
1168. Jour. Fac. Sci., Hokkaido Univ .. Ser. 4.
Vol. 9. No. 1, 1955.
1169. Researches of the Nasionale Museum, pt.
6, 1955.
1170. Howell. B. F.:
Skolithos Mitmes/etzsis
from the Lower Ordovician of Texas.
Bull. Wagner Free Inst. Sci., Vol. 30, No.
I. 1955.
1171. Howell, B. F. :Burrows of Foralites
from the Cambrian of New York. Ibid.,
Vol. 29, No. 1, 1954.
1172. Howell. n. F.: New Perm'an Terebellid
Worm from Arizona, Ibid., Vol. 28, No.
4, 1953.
1173. Fritz, M.A.

and Howell, B. F.:An
Upper Cambrian Coral from Montana.
jour. Paleont., Vol. 29, No. 1, 1955.
1174. Quart. ]our. Geol. Soc. London, Vol. 110.
pt. 4, 1955.
1175. ilfJ~lt:k$~mw~;m{-'i· Vol. 3, No. Sl,

1954.
1176. ~W:ifiJf'lii:ti. No. 36. 1954.
11, No. 37, 1955.
1177.
1178. Annales de Ia Societe Geologique dePologne, Vol. 23, 1955.
1179. Palmer, A. R: The Faunas of the Riley

Formation in Central Texas. Report
Investigations, No. 2•i, 1954.
1180. JtW:!Iilf'J'i;fif, No. 38, 1955.
1181. Senckenbergiana Lethaea, Bd. 35, Nr. 5-6, 1955.
1182. Bull. Geol. Surv. Great Britain, No. 7,

1955.
1183. Senckenbergiana Lethaea, Bd. 36, Nr. 1-2. 1955.
1184. Sci. l~ep., Saitama Univ., Ser. B, Vol. 2.
No. 1. 1955.

Trans. Proc. Palaeont. Soc. Japan, N. S., No. 21, pp. 149-155, Pl. 24, Apr. 15, 1956

282. ON FOUR BRACHIOPOD SPECIES OF THE SUBFAMILY
ORTHOTETINAE FROM THE KANOKURA SERIESOF THE KIT AKAMI MOUNTAINS, JAPAN*
l'vlASAO l\HNATO and KOJI NAKAMURA
Geological and Mineralogical Institute, Hokkaido University;ftJ:.tllJtl!~t.lt~ C') ~.m_ fil Orthotetinae !ffif;!f C') 4 fl1l : ;ft...tlltilll C')P J·it~tJ, I?~ Lt..: !l!t!Ji!'MJ:> ?
-1:>. Orthotelinae llli¥>1-i;:,M;-t?;. 4 flll~lit\~Lt.: 0 Streptorhynchus pelargonalus Sclli.OTIIEIM,
Orthotelina kayseri (J:AKEr.) FI.IEGEL, Gcyerella? sp. indet.. Orthote/es rugosa FREDERICKS 0 ,:::
(f) 1 '~:>It CYJQ) 3 fjli:fiY::!K. ;ftl:llt±tJ!tJ, C:,(:J:jf;;ftH!;·(f) i> (f)'C~.> Qo~
lE tfll· I=J~
tf :l5lf=

species was once described by HAYASAKA
from the Kitalmmi mountains, but the
new specimens dealt with by the writers
are more }:erfect and derived from otherlocalities than that of Prof. HAYASAKA's
finding.
Before proceeding to the description,
the writers wish to offer their thanks to
Messrs. H. SUETOMI, M. AKATSUKA, andT. MAEKAWA, who collected some of thespecimens here dealt with. Thanks arealso due to Mr. S. Km.tANo, who took
the photographs accompanying thispaper.

Thanks to the efforts of Messrs. H.
YAuE, S. MABUTI, K. SliiinA and others,
especially of I. HAYASAKA, a fairly large
number of brachiopod fossils have been
described from the Kanokura series
developing through the southern part of
the Kitakami mountains, northeastern
Honsyu, Japan. Of them, the following
three species belonging to the subfamily
Orthotetinae have been described by
HAYASAKA up to the present day.
Derbya hemisphaerica FREDERICKS
Hamletella kitakamicnsis HAYASAKA
Ortlwtetes rugosa FRimERICKS
Now the writers wish to take the op.
portunity to describe the following four
species of Orthotetinae :Streptorhytzclms pclargonatus Scm.o·Description of species

StreptorhytZchus pelargotzatus

THEIM

ScHLOTHEIM

Orthoietina kayscri (JXI\EL) FLIEGEL
Geyerella ? sp. indet.
Orthotetcs rugosa FREDERICKS.
All these fossils were collected also
from the Lower Kanokura series, ofwhich three species except Orthotcles
rugosa were first discovered in the
Kitakami district. The last mentioned

Pl. 24, Figs. la, lb, la', lb'.
1856. Streptorhytrclms pelargo11alus, DAvIDSON :British Permian Brachiopoda. p. 32, pl. II,
figs. 32-36.
1880. Streptorlzynclws pelargonatus, DAVIDsoN:
Fossil Brachiopoda, supplement, p. 32, pl.
XXX. fig. 3.

1884. Streptorhy11clms pelargollalrts, W AAG EN :Salt range fossils. p. 579, pl. 50. figs. 3-5, 7.

* Read Oct. 29; received Aug. 10, 1955.
149

150

Masao MINATO and Koji NAKA!viURA

1911. Streptorhynchus

pelargoua!us, FRECH:
Dyadische Kohlenschichten von Lo-ping,
RICHTHOFEN's China V, p. 243, pl. XXIV.
fig. 2.
1932. Streptorhynclms. pelargo11atus. LICHAREW :Fauna of the Permian deposits of Northem Caucasus, Trans. Unit. Geol. Prospect. Serv. USSR., p. 36, pl. I, fig. 5: pl.
IV, fig. 4.
1933. Streptorhynchus pelargonatus, Ht:ANG :Late permian Brachiopoda of Southern
China. Palaeont. Sinica, ser. B, vol. 9,fasc. 2, p. 17, pl. II, fig. 13.

Shell of small size, longer than wide,slightly distorted, hinge line shorter than
the greatest width of the shell, which ismeasured near the mid-length of theshell. The dimensions are as follows :length of ventral valve, 17. 4 mm, greatest width, 14.3 mm, length of hinge line.
11.0 mm, height of area, 8.6 mm, widthof delthyrium at the base, 3.5 mm, lengthof dorsal valve, 8.8 mm and the delthyr·ial
angle 20~.
The specimen is much depressed byrock pressure, so it does not show any
original convexity, but it must surely
be true that the shells of both valves
were originally not so much convex.
The ventral valve larger than thedorsal one, the beak of which is small,
not incurved. The cardinal area somewhat distorted, almost flat or slightly
concave, the whole surface of which istransver:=ely striated by numerous striae,
some of which are strongly impressed;delthyrium very narrow covered by vaulted pseudodeltidium ; on both sides ofdelthyrium there are narrow grooved
areas, which are sharply defined fromeither transversely striated area or del.
thyrium ; this narrow area is longitudinally striated.
Dorsal valve far wider than long,nearly flat or somewhat concave except
in the umbonal region. where the small

beak is rather abruptly elevated, sinus
very shallow and narrow.
Internally the dental plates and median
septum lacking in the ventral valve, also
socket plates as well as median septum
lacking in the dorsal valve.
·whole surface marked by fine radialstriations and less numerous concentricstriae, the former of which are sub-equalin strength and no definite differences
can be recognized between them in respect to either thickne:=s or strength,
although they are augmented towards
the margin of the valve by intercalations
and the new intercalated ribs show relatively less long and less broad than theothers.
Remarks : This well known species,
which is widely distributed in the Permian of Eurasia and is characteristic inpossession of relatively smaller sizedshell with very high cardinal area, isfound also in the Japanese Permian.
although it is, at present, repesented byonly one specimen.
BRoiLI, now about forty years ago.
treated some brachiopoda specimens ofTimor under the name of Streptorhynclzus
pseudopelargonatus; the specimens are
actually quite allied with S. pelargonatus
in size and form, but he regarded them
to be specifically different from thelatter in having equally strengthend
striae over the whole surface of theshell.
Since most specimens described andfigured by the forrner palaeontologists
under the name of S. pelargonatus show
the alternation of strong and weak ribson the surface of the shell, BRoiu's view
may be correct in this· point. HAMLET,
however, who followed BRoii.l in the
study of some molluscan and molluscoidal remains of Timor, doubted thevalidity of the specific status of S. pseudopelm·gouatus; he believed that the ap-

On Four Hrachiopod Species of the Subfamily Orthotetinae

pearance of the ornamentation on thesmfacc of the shells seems sometimes tobe quite different, owing to the different
conditions of preservation. LrcHAREW
was of tlw opinion, that HA~Iun's view
may be correct.
Although it is an open question, whether the specimens of Brwrr.r should be
regared specifically different from the
genotype of Stt·eptorhyuclms or not, thewriters wish, respecting the specimen
now in consideration, to treat it under
the name of S. pelargouatus. They doso because there are a number of suchspecimens without any kinds of alternations in the strength of ribs as thosedescribed by DAvmso:-; and WAACEN
under the name of S. pelargotzatus.
The specimens figured by LrcHAREW
under the name of S. pelargonatus show
traces of the alternation in the ribs, but
he doubted the possibility of the separation of S. pseudopetm·gonatus from
Scm.oTHE!M's species.
Besides this, the specimen now in hand,shows less numerous concentric striae ;the feature is also quite common withsome specimens figured by DAvmsoNand VVAAGEN.
In this regard. besides the alternationsof the ribs of different strength, Brwru
also once placed his specimens under aspecies separated from S. pelargonatus,
since the concentric striae seemed tohim to be quite less numerous in the
Timorean specimens than the universallyh.-nown species of ScnLOTHEIM (S. pe!ar-gonatus ).
Accordingly, if one admits the specificvalidity of S. pseudopelargonatus. theKitakami specimen. now in hand. must
be regarded to be specifically different
from Hrwru's species in respect to theconcentric striae, and if one does not
admit the validity of BRon.r's species,

151

the writers· material should be regarded
to be quite the same as D,\ vmsoN and
WAAGI·:s's specimens, which were described under the name of pelargonatus.
Now it seems considerable importanceattaches to the delthyrial angle and thebreadth of the delthyriunl in the specimens figured by DAvwsoN; the writers
are in doubt whether all these specimens
really beolng to a single species or not.
Among the specimens treated in theclassical monographs by DAvwsoN andothers, the following specimens are, tothe writers' best knowledge, most likethe Kitakami specimen. viz., figs. 3 insupl. pl. XXX, DAvmsoN and 3 a-e, 4 a-c, 5 a-c, 7 a-d in plate 50, W AAGEN.
Er-:DERLE once described and figured abrachiopoda by the name of Streptot·ltynchus cf. pelargonatus from the
Anthracolithic of Balia Maaden in Asia
l'v'linor. It shows similarity to the genotype of genus Streptorhynclms in generalouter configuration, size and height ofarea, but specimens at hand possess area
ornamented by longitudinal striae. The
feature is quite different from that of
Scm.o-rHEIM's species and also from
Btmrr.r's species, thus ENDERLE's specimens may be specifically different fromboth of the latter.
Chinese specimens descrited by FRECH,
GRAuAu and HuANG under the name of
S. pelargonatzes from Lo-ping, Mongolia
and Kvveichou are all quite identicalwith Scm.oTHEIM's species, which show
also quite similar aspects with the Japanese specimen now in hand, in every
respect.
Hor. : Lower J<anokura-series.
Loc. : Hosoo-sawa, Tsukitate-mura, Motoyoshigun, Miyagi Pref.
Coli.: T. lVIAEKAWA. Reg. no.: 11559.

'l\Iasao 1\iiNATO and Koji NAKAMURA

152

Ortlwtctiua kayseri (JAI\EL) Fu EGRL
Pl. 2'1. figs. 4a, 4b, 4a', 4b'.
cre11i.~tria
var. sellilis.
KAYSEH (non PIIIT.T.ll'S): Obercarbonische Fauna von Lo-ping, p. 178, not figured.
1900. Orllzotcles (Or/hole/ina) sp., SCHELL WI EN:
Beitr;ige zur Systematik der Strophomeniden des oberen Palaeozoikum. N ]b. f
Min. etc. Taf. 1, Fig. 6.
1901-1902. Orllwlelina kayseri JAKEL, FT.lEGEL:
Ueber obercarbonische Faunen Ost-und
Siic!asien. Palaeonlograplzica, .JB. p. 127,
Taf. VI, Fig. 9.

1883. Strcptorhynclms

The specimen now in hand is strongly
deformed by rock pressure and accordingly it has been much flattened anddistorted, although it might have originally belonged to a somewhat d·istorted
species.
From the present deformed specimen.
it is almost impossible to imagine theoriginal convexity of the valves, however
the ventral valve might be nearly fiat
or somewhat concave except in theurnbonal region, and further it has avery narrow and shallow sinal depression
in the middle, while the dorsal valve isconvex throughout, except towards the
cardinal extremities. the greatest convexity being posterior to the middle.
Area of the ventral valve high, notregularly incurved. The delthyrium iscovered by a pseudodeltidium. which isslightly elevated above the outer area;
on both sides of the deltidium. there isa very narrow grooved portion.
Internally the delthyrial supporting
plates relatively short, about one third
the length of the shell; they are parallel and situated very closely in relation
to each other.
The ornamentation. on the surface ofthe valves is also not observable, because
the material is preserved as a "steinl,ern",however there seem originally not tohave existed any plicae, additional to thevery fine striae.
Dimensions are as follows: length ofthe ventral valve, 27 mm, width 28 mm,
height of area 10.6 mm, length of delthyrial supporting plate 11.3 nun, andthe width of delthyrium at the base 7
rum.
Remarks : The specimens collected by
RICIITHOFEN at Lo-ping in Southern
China and described and figured by
KAYSER in RicHTIIOFE:-;'s China, unfortunately do not belong to a single
species. Of them, Scum.LWIEN regarded
the specimen which KA YSEH figured in
his plate XXIII as fig. 1. 1 a to be an
independent species both from Pmu.IPs'
species and from the other specimens
figured by KAYSER in his plate XXIII as
figs. 2 to 7. ScHELLWIEN named it as
Strcptorhynclms lwyseri ScHEI.t.WIEN.
Furthermore, FLIEGEL also establisheda new species on the basis of specimens
figured by KAYSER in his plate XXIII as
figs. 2, 5, and 7, which was called byhim under the name Ortlwtctcs circularis
FLIEGEl..
Now, Orthotetcs circularis FLIEGEL
must be regarded to belong to the genus
Orthoteteina ScHELL WI EN, from the internal structure of the apical part of theshell, which is clearly observable fromthe figures given by Scm:Lr.wu-:N.
Also FLIEGEL wrote once as follows:"Wesentliches Gattungsmerkrnal ist das
Auftreten zweier kr:iftiger Septen in dergrossen Klappe, die jedoch nicht bei
den alteren Orthoteten divargieren, sondern ziemlich parallel, dicht nebeneinander vom Wirbel aus verlaufen (Or.
tlzotetina ScHELI.W IEN) ".
Meanwhile JAKEL distinguished one
other species as an independent form in
the collection of Ric:IITIIlWEN, which wastreated also by KAYSER under the nameOn Four Brachiopod Species of the Subfamily Orlhotetinae

Streptorltync/1/(s creuistt·ia var. senilis,
but was not illustrated by him. J;\KEr.
called this specimen by the name Orthotetes kayseri r\1'\EL (FLEIGEI., 1901-1902),
although he did not publish any discussion concerning this.
Later Scu"r.t.WIEN examined this specimen h·imself which was named by JAKEL
as Orilwtetes kaywri. and be transferred
this species into Orthotetes ( Ortlzotetiua).
Now the Kitakami specimen, though
it is quite poor <..ondition for specificidentification, being much deformed andthe external sculpture being unobservable,
may quite nearly resemble or rather beidentical with the figured specimen by
Fur:Gr:t., as well as that of ScHELLWIE:-<
by the name of Ortlwtetina lwyseri]:AKEr., at least in respect to the apicalstruture and the outer configuration ofshell.
Tlris spec·ie>-S is easily distinguishable
from Ortlwtctina circularis Fr.IEGEr. inhaving definite sinal depression in lheventral valve.
Hor. : Lower Kanokura-s:.-ries.
Loc.: Matsukawa, Niitsuki-mura, Moloyoshigun, l\Iiyagi Pref.
Coli.: M. AKATSUKA. Reg. no.: 17071.

Ortlwtetcs rugosa FIUWERICKS
Pl. 24, Figs. 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d.
1925. Ortholeles rugosa, FREDRICKS: Upper
Palaeozoic of the Ussuriland, Permianbrachiopoda of Cape Kalouzin. Rec. Gcol.
Com111. USSR. Far East. No . .JO, pl. 1,
figs. 25-34.
1925. Orthoteles rugosa, I-IAYASAI'\.\: On somebrachiopods from the Lytionia horizon of
the Kilakami mountains. japa11. four.
Ceo/. Geogr. vol. IV, p. 91, pl. V, fig. 1.

Severn! specimens are now available
for study. Of them, one is preserved asa " steinkern " representing the internal

153

surface of the valves. The dimensionsof this specimen follow: width 48 mm,
length 34.5 mm (ventral valve) andthickness 15.0 mm, and the corresponding external mold has the following
dimensions : width 57 mm. and length
35.0mm.
This specimen, however. is strongly
deformed by pressure after the fossilization, and is observed to be much elongated transversely, while it seems to be
fairly reduced in length. becam;e theanterior part, including the anterior commissure is seen to be bent toward theventral side. Accordingly the dimensions
enumerated above do not show by anymeans the correct size of this shell.
Originally the specimen now in concern,might be longitudinally a longer form.
The ventral valve with beak muchpointed and erected, is highly convex in
the umbonal region, becoming flat in
the medial area. while it becomes decidedly resupinate anteriorly.
The dorsal valve with greater convexity
in the medial region. becomes flat forward and only gently arched towards
the sides, while the visceral part is rather flat.
Internally, the median septum is wellpreserved in the ventral valve as a mold,the posterior end of which unites thespondylium, although one half of thespondylium was broken off before thespecimen was collected.
The impressions of the muscular scars
are also well preserved on both sides ofthe septum, which is semi-circular inoutline.
In the interior of the dorsal valve, thebilobed cardinal process and median
septum and adductor scars are observable. the latter of which consist of fourscars; the anterior pair is rather shallow
and wide, while the posterior pair is
deep and narrow.

.

154

Masao 1\liNATO and Koji NAKAfo.It!!<A

The surface of both valves observedon the specimen attach to the '·steinkern"
noted above as well as other fragmental
specimens is ornamented by very fineradial striae and by very coarse andirregular wrinkles like concentric markings, which give the shell. especiallynear the anterior commissure a much
distorted and irregular appearance. Also
the radial sttiae im.:rease anteriorly byintercalations.
Remarks : Although all the specimens,
now in concern are quite imperfect, it
is indubitable that they are assignable
to the genus Ortlwtetes from theirinternal structure, and the ornamentation of the shell. Among the species
hitherto described, the present specimens
may be most nearly related or rather
identical with Ortlzotetes mgosa describedby FREDERICKs from Ussuri and also by
HAYASAKA from Kitakami district, especially in having quite irregular concentric wrinkle-like markings on the surfaceof shell, besides very fine radiating striae.
Hor.: Lower Kanokura series.
Loc. : Kanokura-sawa, Setamai-machi, Kesengun, lwate Pref.
Coli.: M. MINATO. Reg. no.: 17191, 11531;
Coli.: H. SUET0:\11. Reg. no.: 11395.

Geyerella ? sp. indet.
Pl. 24, fig. 3.

The fragmental specimen only isavailable, which may be an externalmold of the ventral valve belonging toa SJ;ecies of Ortholetinae ; the posterior
part of it is not preserved, and theinternal structure is wholly unknown.
Therefore it is atmost impossible toassign this specimen to any genus or
species. However, from the generalouter form and the nature of plications,besides the longitudinal striae developingon the whole surface of the ,·alve, thisspecimen Eeems to be referable toGc;ycrella, especially it may re...~mble
Geycrella tsclzeruysc!tewi var. latiarcata
described and figured by LrcHAREW from
Nmthern Caucasus. in association with
Derbya magnifica, Streptorhy1lchus pclargonatus etc.
The plications of this specimen now
in hand are somewhat weak and indistinct at the posterior portion, but become
stronger and more angulated towards
the anterior margin of the shell.
Hor.: Lower Kanokura-series.
Loc.: Hosoo-sawa, Tsukitate-mura, Motoyoshi-gun, Miyagi Pref.
Coli.: T. MAEKAWA. Reg. no.: 11551.

Reference
BROII.I, F. (1915), Die permischen Brachiopoden von Timor. Paltfoutologie vo11 TimorXII.
DAVIDSON, T. (1856), British Permian Brachiopoda, part IV. Palaeoulographical society,
Vol X.
- . (1880). Fossil brachiopods supplement,
part. III. Palaeou/ographical society, Vol.

XXXIV.
ENDERLE, ]. (1901). Ueber eine anthracolithische Fauna von Balia l\laaden in Kleinasien.
FLIEGI'J.. G. (1901), Ueber obercarbonische
Faunen aus Ost-und Siidasien. Palaeolltograplzica, Vol. 48.
FHECII, F. (1911), Die Dyas. Dyadische Kohlenschichten von Lo-ping (Prov. Kiangsi).
Nichllzojeu's China, V.
Frn:DJ·:RICKS, G. (1925). Upper palaeozoic of
the Ussuriland. Permian brachiopods ofCape Kalouzin. Rcc. Geo/. Comm. U.S.S.R.
Far East. No. 40.
GI~AIIAU. A. (1931). Natural history of central
Asia. The Penniau of Mongolia, Vol. IV.
HAl\ILET, B. (1928), Permische Brachiopoden,J.:unellibrachiaten und G:lstropoden vonTimor.
IIAYASAKA, l. (1925), On some Brachiopods
from the Lyttonia horizon of the Kitaka-

MINATO and NAKAMURA :

l a'

lb'

S. KuMANo photo.

Four species of Orthotetinae

PLATE

24

On Four Brachiopod Species of the Subfamily Orthotetinae
mi mountains. Japanese four. Ceo/. Geogr.
Vol. IV.
- , (1953), Hamletella. a new Permian genusof brachiopoda, and a new species fromthe Kitakami mountains, Japan. Trans.
Proc. Palacont. Soc. Japan, N. S., No. 12.
HUANG, T. K. (1933). Late Permian brachiopoda of southwest China, part II. Palaeontologia Sinica. scr. B. Vol. 9, Jose. 2.
LlCIIAREW, B. (1932). Fauna of the Permian
deposits of northern Caucasus. Transactionof the United Geological and Prospecting

155

Service oj U. S. S. R. Fasc. 215.
KAYSER. E. (1883), Obercarbonische Fauna vonLo-ping. RICHTIIOl'EN's Cllina IV.
1\I!NATO, l\1. et al. (1954), Zur Biostratigraphie
der permischen Formation des SctamaiGelandes im Siid-Kita'{ami Gebirge. four.
Geol. Soc. Japan, Vol. 60, No. 708.
ScHE!.J.WlEN. E. (1900), Beitriige zur Systematik der Strophomeniden des oberen Palaeozoicum. N fb. f. .Min. etc., Band. 1.
\VAAGEN, W. (1884), Salt-range fossils. Palacontologia Indica, ser. XIJI.

ExpJ.anation of Plate 24
Figs. la, 1a'. lb. lb'. Streptorlzynclms pelargonatus ScHLOTlH:IM. la, lh, ( x 1) la1, lb 1, ( x 2)
Reg. no.: 11559. Ho;;oo·tiawa, Tsnkitate-mura, Motoyoshi-gun. 1\Hyagi Pref.
Figs. 2a, 2b, 2c, 2:1. Orthotetes rugosa FREDERICKS. (x 1) Reg. no.: 11395. Kanokura-sawa. Seta·
mai-machi, Kesen-gun, hvate Pref.
f'ig. 3. Geyerella sp. ( x 1) Re.J. no.: ll!l5l. Hosoo·sawa, Tsukitate-mura, 1\Iotoyoshi-gun, Miyagi
Pref.
Figs. 4. Ortlwteti11a kayseri (L\KEL) FLIEGEL. 4a. 4b, (x 1) 4a'. 4b 1, ( x2) Reg. no.: 17071. !\Ia·
tsukawa, Niitsuki-mura, Motoyoshi-gun, Miyagi Pref.

156

PUBLICATION RECEIVED (13)1185. Summary of Progress of the Geological
Survey of Great Britain and the Museumof Practical Geology for the Year 195·1.
1186. Quart. Jour. Geol. Soc. London, Vol. 111,
pt. 1, 1953.
1187. japan. jour. Geol. Geogr., Vol. 26, Nos.
1-2, 1955.
1188. - - - , Index. Vols. 1-20 (1922-47),
1955.
1189. il'li~ilJ\:~q:j,~jliJI~fU{~j·, Vol. 4, No.1, 1!!55.
1190.
11
Vol. 4, No. 16, 1955.
1191. Senckenbergiana Lethaea, Bd. 36, Nr. 3-IJ,, 1955.
1192. Royal Ontario Museum Zoology Palaeontology, Report of the Director, 1955.
1193. jour. Fac. Sci., Hokkaido Univ., Ser. 4,
Vol. 9, No. 2, 1955.
1 94. Annales de Ia Societe Geologique dePologne. Vol. 24, Fasc. 1, 1955.
1195. Durham, j. W., Arellano, A. R. V., andPeck, ]. H. Jr.: Evidence for no Cenozoic Isthmus of Tchuantepcc Seaways.
Bull. Geol. Soc. Amer., Vol. 66, 1955.
1196. Allison. E. C. : Middle Cretaceous Gas-

tropoda from Punta China, Baja California, Mexico. jour. Paleont., Vol. 29, No.
3, 1955.
1197. Oberling. J.].: Shell Structure of Wfst
American Pelecypoda. jour. Washington
Acad, Sci., Vol. 45, No. 4, 1955.
1198. Durham, ]. W.: Status of Invertebrate
Paleontology, 1953, IV. Echinodermata:
Eleutherozoa. Bull. Mus. Comp. Zoo!.,
Harvard Coli., Vol. 112, No. 3, 1954.
1199. Durham, J. W.: A New Family of Clypeastroid Echinoios. jour. Paleont. Vol. 27,
No. 5, 1954.
1200. Durham. J. W.: New Name for NiPponastP.r Durham, 1952, jour. Paleont.,
Vol. 27, No. 5, 1954.
I
1201. Durham, j. W.: Type Species of Scutella.
Journ. Paleont., Vol. 27, No. 3, 1953.
1202. Durham, J. W.: Classification of Clypeasteroid Echinoids. lJniv. Calif. Pub!.
Geol. Sci., Vol. 31, 'l\o. 4, 1955.
1203. Durham, J. W.:
Geology of Southern
California. State of Calif. Dept. Nat. Res.,
Bull. 170.

Trans. Proc. Palaeont. Soc. Japan, N.S., 1'\o. 21, pp. 157-160, pl. 25, Apr. 15, 1956

A NEW SPECIES OF PARAFUSULINA FROM
THE KITAKAMI MASSIF, JAPAN*

283.

HARUYOSHI FUJIMOTOTokyo University of Education:ft..I:!.U~l!:tfJ~J:tl!1jq){\lj~!f{-c.:: .tL i: "{'{ttl::.~~ C. J: V:. Schwageri11a watmeri (ScHUBERT)
i: t.:.i't Parafusulilla wmmeri (ScHUBERT) C. L "C~f}i!' I?;}'L "CI. 't.:. Pamfusulit~a q)-l!ljl;:
Parafusulitra matsubaishi FUJIMOTO bfit-tl~fH!f-t' 7.> 0
8 ~ fa ~Introduction
tioned below.
1. Omotematsukawa,Niitsuki-mura,
Motoyoshi-gun, Miyagi Prefecture.
Collected by the writer.
2. Kamiyase, Niitsuki-mura, l'vlotoyoshigtm, Miyagi Prefecture. Collectedby R. YAMADA
3. Iwaizaki, Higashigami-mura. Motoyoshi-gun, Miyagi Prefecture. Collected by R. MoRIKAWA and the writer.
4. Imo, Yahagi-mura. Kesen-gun. Iwate
Prefecture. Collected by R. YAMADA.
About fifteen years ago Isao SHIIDA
ca1Tied out a detailed geological researchof the Kesen-machi district in whichthesefossillocalitiesare included. According to him, the order of succession of
the Permian deposits is as follows (indescending order:-A peculiar type of Fusulinid, commonly called "Matsubaishi" in Japaneseoccurs abundantly in the marine Permian deposits of many localities of theKitakami Massif. Its mother rocks are
generally calcareous sandstone or arenaceous shale. The fossils have highly
elongate subcylindrical to cylindricalshells and resemble pine-needles inshape. whence their Japanese name.
The specimens were previously reported by Y. ONUK! (1938), I. SHIIDA(1940) and others as Schwagerina wanncri (Sc11urmwr) or as Pm·afusulina
wanneri (Sci!UHERT); they are here
referred to Parafusulina matsubaislzi
FuJI Mom, n. sp. The description of thisnew species is presented in this article,
and are from the four localities menKes~nnuma Groupt

Futatsumori Formation ..... ~[ostly clayslate. conglomerate, sand~tone and• .
.
hmeston~. About 1000 meters m thtckness.
Kamtyas~ FormatiOn ......... Mostly limestone. clayslate, conglomerate andschalstein. About 50J meters in thickness.

'

I. Sm lilA obtained many specimens
of Parafusulina wamzeri of I. SmmA

Formation as well as from the Futatsumori. Those of the former are said tol:e associated with Schwagcriua japonica( =Parafusulina matsubaishi n. sp.)from the upper part of his Kamiyase(GiiMREL), Pseudofusuliua kraffti (ScHEr.·* Read July 19. 1954; re.:eived Sept. 19. 1955

LWIEN, Pseudofusuliua solida (CoLAN!)and Parafusuliua richthofem' (Sen wA·

157

158

llamyoshi FUJII\·!OTOr.ER), and with the latter were foundYabeina cf. ltayasalwi OzAWA, Yabeitza
shiraizce11sis OzAWA, Leptodus richtho/e1li (KAYSER), and etc.
The specimens from the Karniyase
Formation dealt with in this paper werecollected at Omotematsukawa in Niitsukirnura.
With regard to the Iwaiz11ki distt;ct
there are many important stratigraphicalstudies by S. J'vlAmJcm, Y. IKAI, I. Snt IDA,
S. HANZAWA and others. According to
S. 1-lANZAWA and S. MARUcm there are
five main fossil zones. which in descending order, are:1. Richthofenia zone
2. Yabeina zone
a-Neosclzwagcrimz- Verbechua zone
3. { b- Waagenophyllum zonec-Parafusulina zone

Parafusulitta spp. including Parafusulina wmmeri of I. SmmA were foundin the Parafusuliua to Yabeina zones inassociation with many other Permian
fossils.
The Yahagi-mura and Setamai-mura
districts immediately north of theNiitsuki-mura district are well known
for their typical development of upper
Paleozoic rocks. Yoshio ONUI<I (1938)
and Masao MINATO (1954) carried out
precise stratigraphical and paleontological studies in those districts and weresuccessful in obtaining the Parafusulina
now in question.
According to Y. ONUKI the Parafusuli1ta which the writer regards to repre
sent a new species, ranges from theupper part of the Sakamotozawa series(Pseudosclzwageriua and Algae zone) tothe lower part of the Umenoki ser·ics
through the Kanokura series. The specimens described as Schwagerina watzneri (ScHtmERT) or as Parafusulina cf.
wamzeri (ScuUlmwr) by these authors
are probably the same as Pm·afusul£namatsubaislzi of the writer.
From the foregoing studies, Parafusulina matsubaislli n. sp. occurs in the
Kitakami l\bssif from the Pseudosclzwageriua zone (upper part of the Sakamotozawa series) to the Yabeina zone,
and its acmaic stage of development ispresumed to be between the zones of
PscudoschwageritZa and Neosclzwagcrina.
Thus it is concluded that the zone of
Parafusuliua matsubaislzi lies between
these two.
Acknowledgements

The writer thanks Messrs. R. MoRIKAWA and R. YAMADA for the opportunity to study the valuable materials.
Description of the New Species

Parafusulina matsubaishi FuJIMoTo,
new species
Pl. 25, Figs. 1-10.

The shell is large, highly elongate
subcylindrical and needle-like, withstraight to slightly curving axis of coiling, tapered and pointed polar ends.
Mature shells of five to seven volutions,
measuring 18 to 21 mm long and 1. 43
to 2. 00 mm wide, giving form ratio of
12 to 10. 5. The inner one volution issubspherical and the next two or three
volutions are fusiform with sharply
pointed poles. Beyond the fourth volution, the shell becomes more cylindricaland the poles become somewhat blunt.
The proloculi of most specimens arenearly spherical but in some they are
irregular. Diameters measure 160 to:mo JL, averaging 220 Jl for five specimens.
The spirotheca is thin. and almost
the same as in Parafusulina wamzeri(ScmmERT). Alveoli are coarse and159

A New Species of Parafusulhta fro:n the Kitakami l\1assif. Japan

almost plain above. Cuniculi are dis·tinct in at least the outer four volutions,but they are narrow and low.
The tunnel is rather high and not
broad, Axial fillings are heavy and present in all volutions.

distinct throughout the keriotheca.
The septa are closely spaced. The
average septal counts of the first to
sixth volutions are about 8, 18, 21, 23.
and 30. t·espectively. They are strongly
t1uted in the·ir lower p:1rt but become

Table of meao;urements of Parafusulina malsubaishi n. sp. (in mm.)------

2

Pro!.

1

'Vidth ofvolutions

0.16
0.28
0.20
0.16

0.64
0.56
0.64
0.48
?
0.48
0.30 0.43 0.57
0.4-i
0.40
0.40
0.28

6

3

4

5

0.88
0.80
0.84
0.72
0.76
0.81

1.24
1.08
1.12
1.04
1. 04
1.16

1. 72
1.44 1.98
1. 44 1.98
1.48
1. 48 2.00
1.48 1. 95 2.29 2.85

78Reg. No. Locality

19421 Omotematsukawa
19455 Tsukitate
19496 Tsukitate
19496 Tsukitate
19456 Omotematsukawa
Parajusuliua wamzeri 'after THOMPSON

I
1Thicknessofspirothecn.
---~---.

Septalcount

O.lH5 0.020 0.030 0.038 0.045 0.045 0,060
o.mo.~o.~o.~o.~o.~o.~o.~---·-------------22
22
25
27
30
?
26?
11
17
22
23
14
18
22
72
6
10

17

17

15

19

20

11

18

17

19

20

22

19421 Omotematsukawa
Parafusulina wmmeri
after THOMP.'\ON

19421 Omotcmatsukawa
19495 Tsukitate
19496 Tsukitate
Parajusulilla watmeri
24

24

after SclltrBEHT
Parajusuli11a wmmeri
after THOl\IPSON- - -IFor comparison with the new species, P. watmeri after Schubert. and P. wamzeri
after THOMPSON are inserted.
-

I.e ngth

Width

L/W

18 .00

1.48
2.0

12
10.5

--

21 .00
18 .00' 15 .00
18 .00
13 .0014

16
14

No. volutions

Reg. No.

-

Locality of Spccime n

- - -

5
6
5

1.60

11

2.9
2.9
2.5
3

5.1
6.2
5.2
-1.7

8
7
7

4

4

10

2.7

6

6

-

~~

19496
19456

Tsukitate
Omotema tsuka wa

IwaizakiP. wamzeri after THOMPSoN for compa rison
P. wmmeri after THOMPsoN for compar ison
P. wamzerii after ScHUBERT for compa rison
P. lutugi11i SCHEI.l.WI EN for cornparis on
P. k:zerimizcnsis (OzA 'WA) for com parison
P. kattaensis (SCHWAGER) for cornpari son
--

160

Haruyoshi Fu 111\IOTO

Remarlzs :-Parafusulina matsubaishin. sp. resembles Pm·afusulina wanneri(SciiUHF.RT) more closely than otherspecies of the genus. Howe,·er, the present new species can be distinguishedfrom the mentioned one by the moreelongate subcylindrical to cylindricalshell, more tapered and poi11ted polarends, and by the inner one volution
being more spherical.
Occurrence:- Parajusuli11a matsubaishi is abundant in the calcareous sandy
shale or fine grained sa.nclstone at
Omotematsukawa. The specimens of
this species are found concentrated inlayers several centimeters thick with
their axis parallel (Figs. 9, 10), just as
in the same manner as Parafusuliua
wamzeri in the Permian of Timor.
Repositmy :-The specimens treated inthis paper are deposited in the collection of the Geological and l\Iineralogical Institute, Tokyo University of Education.

References
INA!. Y. (1939), Gzology of the Iwaizaki
Peninsula, Kitakami Mas.;if (in Japane,;e).
]our. Geol. Soc. ]apm1, Vol. 46, No. 551.
!viABUCHl, S. (1935). Iwaizaki Limestone and
Its Stratigraphy (in Japanese). Saito Hoon Kai ]iho. No. 101.
ONTJKI, Y. (1938). On the Chichibu System of
the Kesen-gun District. Iwate-Ken, Kitakami Massif (in japanese). jour. Geol. Soc.
]apatl, Vol. 45, No. 532.
ScHUBERT. R. (1915). Die Foraminiferen desjiingeren Palaeozoikums von Timor. Pala·.
ontologie von Timor, Lief 2. pp. 47-59, pis
89·41.
SHI!DA, I. (1940). Geology of Kesenuma-Machi
District, Miyagi Prefecture (in Japanese).
Contr. bzsi.Geol. Pal. Tohoku lhziv., No.
33.
THOMPSON. M. L. (1949), The Permian Fusulinids of Timor. ]oum. Paleont., Vol. 23,
No.2.
MINATO, M. et al. (195,1). Zur Biostratigraphie
der permischen Formation des SetamaiG;!)andes im Siid-Kitakami Gebirge. ]our.
Geol. Soc. japan, Vol. 60. No. 708.

Explanation of Plate 25
Parajusulina malsubaishi FUJIMOTO, n. sp.
Fig. 1. Axial section of the para type. x 10. Reg. No. 19496. Loc. Tsukitate.
Fig. 2. Sagittal section of the paratype, x 10. Reg. l\o. 19495. Loc. Ditto.
Fig. 3. Axial s~ction of the paratype, x 10. Reg. No. 19456. Loc. Omotematukawa.
Fig. 4. Sagittal section of the paratype. x 10. Reg. No. 19421. Loc. Ditto.
Fig. 5. Axial section of the holotype. x 10. RE'g. No. 194-95, Loc. Tsukitate.
Fig. 6. Sagittal section of the paratype, x 10. Reg. No. 19·1·95, I.oc. Ditto.
Fig. 7. Enlarged part of an axial section of the paratype, showing the structure of the spirotheca
x 40. Reg. No. 20002. Loc. Omotematsukawa.
Fig. 8. Enlarged part of a tangential section of the paratype, showing the structure of the spirotheca, x 40. Reg. No. 19,t98. Loc. Omotematsukawa.
Fig. 9. Sample of sandstone with abundant specimens of this species, note their parallel arrangement against the bedding plane, natural size. Loc. Omotematsukawa.
Fig. 10. Sample of sandstone with abundant specimens of this species, at right anglea to thebedding plane, natural size. Loc. Omotematsukawa.

FuJIMoTo: Parafusulina........
•

PLATE

25

Tr:~ns. Proc.

Palaeont. Soc. Japan, N. S., No. 21, pp. 161-167, Pl. 26, Apr. 15, 1956

284. MIOCENE MOLLUSCA FROM NOTO PENINSULA,JAPAN. PART 1, (II)*
KOICHIRO MASUDA
Department of Geology, College of Education, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japanii!§~*-/.11?)r:jl:ffiiltiW;~!WJ4'fu; -t:-0) 1.

(II):-c. ::.t;:~·r:l~~Jt 8 mr.>lia~~mlff.:oFamily Potamididae
Genus Vicaryella YABE and HATAI. 1938

Vicaryella 1wtoensis MASUDA, n. sp.
Pl. 26. figs. 2·4.

Shell rather large, highly turreted, with
15 whorls preserved ; apical angle about
20°. Whorls with straight sides, gradually growing, separated from one anotherby a distinct, flat-topped, smooth andelevated sutural band ; surface sculptured
by one strongly beaded and two smaller
beaded, elevated spiral cords on all except for younger whorls; beaded spiralcords become strong, and secondary spiral cords appear in their interspaces withgrowth towards the older whorls; thesespiral cords are nearly equally spaced.
Last whorl sculptured with one strongly
beaded upper spiral cord consisting ofabout 2,1 tubercles to a whorl, two smaller beaded lower spiral cords separated
by a beaded spiral cord between them,and three fine smooth, occasionally undulated subsutural spiral cords; base ofwhorl with about 12 une~ual, nearly e-* Read June 28, 1955: received July 20, 1955

:t:l;:Jfblft.:=tlr.f4. 4f!IH:.~Jt 1 fmO):J'cltl;:r£~1.,~IE ]If-- Of>

qually spaced spiral threads among which
the 3rd from sutural band is most distinct, and provided with several, moreor less distinct costa and finP< incremental
threads ne:tr the outer lip. Aperturesquarely oblique in shape, extending toabove lowest sutural band of ultimate
whorl. posteriorly grooved; inner lip distinct, furnished with very large and thickcallus; outer lip thick above and thin
below, and undulatory. Columella short,slightly bent, furnished with one strong
significant fold : canal short and bent.
Dimensions (in mm.) :-Height 60, diameter 20 (holotype).
Occurrence :-Abundant.
Depository :-DGS, Reg. No. 1410 (bolotype).
Remarks :-This new species is characterized by its highly turreted and large
shell, about 15 whorls, apical angle ofabout 20'', spiral sculpture, and columella.
As a rule, of the preserved whorls the
younger ones are sculptured with three
beaded spiral cords, consisting of astrongly beaded spiral cord above andtwo less elevated and beaded ones ; atthe 9th whorl a primary spiral cord appears between the lower and middle spiral cords; at the 7th whorl a secondary
161

Koichiro MASUDA

162

spiral cord appears betwaen the upperspiral cord and the sutural band ; at the
6th whorl a third spiral cord appears
between the upper and middle spiralcords: at the 4th whorl a fourth spiralcord appears between the lower spiralcord and sutural baud of next whorl;
at the 3rd whorl the primary spiral cordtends to become beaded.
This species resembles Vicaryella islliiana (YoKOYAMA) (YoKOYAMA. 1926. p.
218, pl. 28, figs. 11, 12), but it is distinguishable therefrom by the less number of spiral cords, less number oftubercles on the spiral cords, and more
simple sculpture.
Genus Ceritllidea SwAINSoN, 1840

Cerithidea tolumarieusis MASUDA, n. sp.
Pl. 26. figs. 6-7.

Shell small in size, rather thin. turreted, consisting of about 9 whorls, younger
whorls lost ; apical angle about 30°.
Whorls slightly convex, gradually growing, separated from each other by amore or le3S distinct fine sutural band.
Surface ornamented by distinct longitudinal ribs and spiral cords; ribs subvertical, uumtering about 18 on bodywhorl, separate:! by much broader interspaces exce.Jt for varix, abo:.~.t 16 on
penultimate whorl a:nong which one isvarix ; diminishing their number towards
t!:e upper whorls and without trace ofvarix ; interspaces between ribs muchwider than ribs themselves ; spiral cords
rather distinct, much narrower than theirinterspaces, numbering about 6 on bodywhorl. and diminishing their number
towards the upper. Base of whorl with
2 faint sutural bands and fine incremental
lines. Aperture subovate, with shallowly
notched anterior canal, roundly angulate:l at periphery, and convex above

near base; outer lip notched posteriorly
and thickend by terminal ribs; inner lipsmooth with narrowly spread thick callus.
Dimensions (in mm) :-Height 9. 6, diameter 4. 2(holotype).
Occur1·ence :-Common.
Depository :-DGS. Reg. No. 1536 (bolotype).
Remarks:-This species resembles Cerithidea tok!magai OTuKA (0TUKA. 1938,
p. 39, pl. 3, fig. 29) from the Miocene
Shobara formation develot:ed at Shobaramachi, Higa-gun, Hiroshima Prefecture,but it is distinguishat-le therefrom by
the larger shell. smaller apical angle(about 18° ', and narrower interspaces
between the spiral cords. Another relate!!
species is Cerithidea ozakii NoMURA(NoMURA, 1935, p. 229. pl. 17. fig. 22)
from the Chiganoura formation at Shiogama-shi, Miyagi Prefecture, but thatspecies has distinctly impressed sutures.
Family Naticidae
Genus Polinices Mo:-ITFORT, 1810

Polinices (Euspira) otulwi MASUDA, n. sp.
Pl. 26, figs. 9a -b.
1938. Natica (Euspira) aff. m:isc11sis(l\IAKIYA·~fA). 0T:JKA.

]our. Fac. Sci.. Imp. Uuiv.
Tokyo, Sec. 2, Vol. 5, pt. 2. p. 37, figs.25,28.

Shell rather small in size, rather thick,obliquely globose ; about 4 whorls, ventricose ; nuclear whorl very small, but
distinct; body whorl very large, baserounded ; surface sculptured with fine,close-set, subequal incremental lines.
Suture rather distinct, and slightly channelled on e~rly whorls. Aperture oblique,having broad. rounded anterior side andnarrow posterior side. Outer lip simple
and sharp ; inner lip nearly straight but
slightly concave near the base. Umbili-

!Vliocene Mollusca from Nato Peninsula, Japan.

cus small and elongated ; callus rudimental. Dimensions (in mm.) :-Height
17. 6, width 9. 0, maximum diameter ofaperture 9. 8 (holotype).
Occurretzcc :-!~are.
Depository :-DGS, Reg. No. 1408 (Bolotype).
Remarks :-This species is characterized
by its obliquely globose shell, aperture
with broad anterior side and narrow
posterior side. small and elongated umbilicus. and rudimental callus.
Poliniccs (Eusp:",·a) mei'sensis MAKIYAJ\IA (1\-l;.rOYA:\IA, 1926, p. 150. pl. 12,
figs. 7, 8) is related to tl:e present species, but P. otukai is distinguishable
therefrom by the oblique;y globose shell,small umbilicus, and by the aperture
being anteiorly broad and posteriorly
narrow.
Family Muricidae
Genus Chicoreus Mo:-:TFORT, 1810
Chicoreus asanoi MASUDA, n. sp.

Part 1, (II).

163

tinct, fine, separated by wider interspaces,with very fine subordinate spiral threads
between the main spiral threads, rapidly
diminishing their number towards theupper whorls; body whorl large, roundly
shouldered above and rather abruptly
narrowed towards base. Basal fasciole
defined with a shallow groove. Aperture
narrowly ovate or near-shaped: outer lip
thick and denticulated within ; inner lipsmooth, with thin callus ; canal long.
curved and open. Dimensions (in mm. ):Height 23. 8, diameter 12. 7 (holotype).
Occurrence :-Abundant.
Depository :-LGS, Reg. No. 2500 CHolotype).
Remarlls :-This species resembles .Murex
tigammrana NoMt:R,\ (NoMURA, 1935, p.
225, pl. 17, fig. 18) described from the
Miocene Chiganoura formation, at Chiganoura, Shiogama-shi. M iyagi Prefecture, but it differs therefrom by the lessnumber of whorls, and more prominentspiral threads.
This species is named in honor of Dr.
Kiyoshi As,u:o who assisted the writerin his field work.

Pl. 26, figs. 10-11.
1950.

Chicoreus (Rhizophorimurex) tiganouramts (NoMl'RA), OYAl\IA, Ceo/. Surv.
Japan, Rep. No. 182, p. 11, .Pl. 1, figs.
Sa-b, 6a-b.

Shell moderate in size, thick, ovate,
provided with 7 whorls; apical angle
about 60". Whorls rapidly enlarging,shoulder:> rolltlded, separate:! from eachother by more or less indistinct sutures,
sculptured with longitudinal ribs, faintincremental lines and spiral threads ;longitudinal ribs prominent, subvertical,
numbering about 11 on body whorl anddiminishing their number towards theupper whorls, separated by interspaces
nearly equal or slightly wider than ribs
themselves; spiral threads numerous, dis-Chicoreus ttotoensis MAstrn.\, n. sp.
Pl. 26, figs. 12a-c.

Shell moderate in size. thick, ovate,
provided with 5 whorls, younger whorls
lost; apical angle about 70°. Body whorl
very large, contracted below. Whorls
rapidly enlarging, angularly shouldered.
separated from each other by indistinct
sutures; surface sculptured with distinct,
subvertical longitudinal ribs, fine incremental lines and numerous, distinct, finespiral threads with fine subordinate spiral threads ; body whorl sculptured with
5 prominent longitudinal ribs and two
conspicuous revolving ridges, 4 weakerlongitudinal ribs with no ridge, incre-

Koichiro 1\fAsiJnA

164

mental lines and spiral threads; interspaces between longitudinal ribs muchbroader than ribs themselves on the bodywhorl, spiral threads separated by wider
interspaces: younger whorls sculptured
with longitudinal ribs separated by interspaces nearly equal in breadth and spiralthreads. Basal fasciole distinctly definedwith a deep groove. Aperture nearlyovate outer lip thick, denticulated within;
inner lip smooth with rather thick callus;
canal curved, more or less long andopen. Dimensions (in mm.) :-Height
33. 2, diameter ca. 20. 5(holoty}:e).
Occurrence :-Few.
Depository :-DGS, Reg. No. 2503(Holotype).
Remarks:-This species is characterized
by the few number of prominet longitudinal rids and by the two conspicuous
ridges. This species is distinguishable
from Chic01·eus asmroi described in thisarticle by the larger shell, the less number of longitudinal ribs, and the two conspicuous ridges.
Family Nassariidae
Genus Nassarius DuMERILL, 1806

Nassarius 1wtoensis MASUDA, n. sp.

spiral threads. Body whorl large, convex. contracted celow ; basal fasciole
distinct. Aperture roundly ovate, oblique,with deeply notched anterior canal,
posterior angle acute; outer lip thick,smooth within ; inner lip smooth withnarrowly spread rather thick callus. Dimensions Cin mm.):-Height 6.5,diameter3.7(bolotype), height 8.3, diameter 5.0,
height 6.4, diameter 3.4, height 6.6, diameter 3.6 (paratypes).
Occune11ce :-Abundant.
Depository :-DGS, Reg. No. 1538 (Holotype).
Remarks :-This species resembles Nossari us (Hinia) perdomi11ulus NoMURA
and Z1 t\'Bo (NoMURA and ZrNno. 19?5, p.
177, pl. 15, figs. 16. 17) described fromthe Ivliocene Yanagawa formation at
Yanagawa-machi. Fukushima Prefecture,but it is distinguishable therefrom by theless number of longitudinal ribs, rather
distinct spiral threads, almost equal
width of interspaces, and more stumpy
shell. Another related species is Nassarius (Hittia) lremipolitus No-.wRA and
Zt!'Bo (Nol\!l'RA and ZIKRO, 1935, p. 177,
pl. 15, figs. 19, 20), but it differs therefrom in having a less number of ribs
which are about equal to or slightly narrower than their interspaces in breadth,and larger aperture.

Pl. 26, figs. 13-14.

Shell small in size, rather thicl<, globose, stout. consisting of about 7 whorls:
apical angle about 40°. Whorls moderately inflated, separated from each otherby distinctly impressed sutures ; ornamented with smooth longitudinal ribs
and numerous faint fine spiral threads:
ribs suboblique. numbering about 13 on
body whorl, diminishing their number
towards upper whorls, and separated byinterspaces much wider than ribs themselves; interspaces between ribs sculptured with fine incremental lines andFamily Pyramidellidae
Genus Pyramidella LAMARCK. 1799

Pyramidella llataii l'vlAst:DA. n. sp.
Pl. 26, figs. 15a-b.

Shell small in size, thin, slightly umbilicated, regularly turreted. with 8
whorls, youngest whorl lost: apical angle
about 25°. \Vhorls fiatt ish, gradually
growing, separated from each other bymoderately channelled, smooth bottomed

~vlio:ene 7\!ollus::a from

Noto Peninsula, Japan.

sutures. Sculpture consists of faint incremental lines. .Pody whorl about 1/3of shell length : flattened above. roundedat periphery, slightly convex at base.
Columella straight, with three unequalfolds, the upper two larger and stronger,
and the lowe3t less strongly developed.
Aperture 0\·ate, moderate in size, withacute posterior angle, rounded anteriorly: outer lip thin, simple, ar:d inner lip
more or less distinct. Dimensions ('inmm.) :-Height 9. 3, diameter 3. 7 (bolotype).
Occurretzce :-Rare.
Depository :-DGS, Reg. No. 1540 (Halotype).
Remarlls :-This is the first record of
the genus Pyramidella from the Miocene formations of Japan.
This species resembles Pyramidella
mexicmza DALL and BARTSCH (DAt.t. andBARTSCH, 1909, p. 23, pl. 1, fig. 12). but
the latter has no ttmbilicus, and has amuch stronger upper fold in the columella, a little larger apkal angle and alarger shell.
This species is named in honor of Dr.
Kotora HATAI.
Family Triclidae
Genus Acteocina GRAY, 1847

Actcoci1ta lzamadai MASUDA, n. sp.
Pl. 26. figs. 16a-b.

Shell very small in size, thin, smooth,cylindrical in form. truncated above.
rounded below : consisting of about 4 Hat,
cylindrical whorls separated from eachother by more or less distinct, chmmelled
sutures. Body whorl very large, occupying the greater part of shell, with microscopic incremental lines, which are rather
distinct at upper and lower parts. Spirevery low and nearly flat above. Aperture

Part 1, (II).

165

long, narrow, linear in upper half, andgradually dilated downwards: outer lip
thin ; inner lip with thin callus. Dimensions (in. mm.) :-Height 3. 4, diameter
1. 6 (holotype).
Occurrence:- Rare.
Depository :- DGS, Reg. ::--Jo. 165! (Holetype).
Remarks :-This may be the first discovery of the genus from the Tertiary
strata of Japan.
This species resembles Acteociua dulcis(YoKoYAMA) (YoKOYAl\IA, 1927, p. 449,
pl. 51, fig. 2), but it differs therefrom inhaving deeply and broadly channelled
sutures, many distinct incised spirallines, and a weak oblique fold.

References
AsAr-:o, K. (1953), 1\Iioc~ne Foraminifera from
Noto Peninsula, Ishikawa Prefecture. Short
Papers. JGPS. No. 5. pp. 1-21, pis. 1-3.
DALL, W. H. and BARTSCH. P. (1909), A l\Io·nograph of West American Pyramidellid
l\lollus~s. U. S. Nat. Mus .. Bull. 68. pp.
1-258, pis. 1-30.
GARDNER. ], (1948), Mollusca from the 1\liocene and Lower Plioc~ne of Virginia andNorth Carolina, Pt. 2, Scaphopoda and
Gastropoda. U.S. Geol. Surv., Prof Paper,
199-B, pp. 179-279, pis. U-38.
HANZAWA, S. (1950), Tertiary Paleogeographyof North Japan. Short Papers. IGPS. No.
2. pp. 74-98.
liATAI, K. and NISIYAMA. S. (1949), New
Tertiary Mollusca from Japan. foum.
Paleont., Vol. 23, No. 1. pp. 87·91, pls.
23·24.
and KoTAKA, T. (1952), On Some lower.l'.lioc~ne Shells. Short Papers. IGPS. No.
4, pp. 70-86. 1 pl.
HIRASE. S. (1951), An lllustrated Handbookof Shells in Natural Colors from JapaneseIslands and .\djacent Territories (revisedand enlarged by Dr. I. TAKI), Tokyo. pls.
1-134.
KAMADA, Y. (1952). On Some species of Cyc-

J

166

Koichiro MASIJDA/ina from Japan and Korea. Tra11s. Proc.
Pa/aeont. Soc. Japan. N S., No.6, pp. 167177. 1 pl.
MAKIYAMA. ]. (1926), Tertiary Fos;;ils from
North Kankyo-do, Korea. Mem. Col/. Sci ..
Kyoto Imp. Univ .. Ser. B. Vol. 2. No. 3.
Art. 8, pp. 143-160, pis. 12-13.
--(1936). The Meisen Miocene of North
Korea. Ibid., Vol. 11, No. 4. Art. 8, pp.
193-228, pis. 4-5.
MASUDA, K.(1954), On the Geology of Mac:linomachi, Najimi-mura. and Yanaida-mura,Fugeshi-gun, Ishikawa Prefecture (in Japanese). jozmz. Geol. Soc. ]apa11, Vol. 60,
No. 703, pp. 145-152,1 map.
NoMURA, S. and ZINBO, N. (19:-!5), Mollusca
from the Yanagawa Shell-Beds in the Hukusima Basin, Northeast HonsyO, Japan.

Saito lfo·OII Kai Mus., Res. Bull, No. 6,
pp. 151-192,1 pl.
-(1935), l\liocene Mollusca from Siogama,Northeast Honsyfi, Japan. Ibid., No. 6, pp.
193-231. pis. 16-17.
OTUKA, Y. (193,1), Tertiary Structures of theNorthwestern End of the Kitakami Mountainland, Iwate Prefecture. japan. Bull.
Eartlzq. Res. bzsl., Vol. 12, Pt. 3, pp. 566638, pis. 44-51,1 map.
--(1938), Neogene Fossils of the lhara District. Shizuoka Prefecture, japnn. ]our.
Fac. Sci., Imp. Utziv. Tokyo, Sect. 2. Vol.
5, Pl. 1, pp. 1-19, pis. 1-2.
--(1938), Mollusca from the Miocene of
Tyugoku, Japan. Ibid., Vol. 5, Pt. 2, pp.
21-45. pis. 1-4.
--(1941), Fos>il Mollus;:a from Tajima, Hyogo
Prefecture, japan. ]apmz. ]our. Geol. Geogr.,Vol. 18, Nos. 1-2, pp. 21-24,5 text-figs.
OYAMA, K. and SAKA, K. (1944), FossilienmolJusken der Tukiyosi Formation (i) (inJapanese), Bull. Sigenkagakz1 Ke11kyusyo,Vol. 1, No. 2, pp. 137-143, pis. 14-15.
--(1950). Studies of the Fossil l\Iolluscan
Bio.;oeno;;is, Ko. l. Biocoenological Studies
on the Mangrove Swamps. with Descriptionof New Species from Yatuo Group. Geol.
Surv. Japan, Rep. No. 132, pp. 1-16. pis.
1·3. 1 text-fig.
TsuDA, K. (1953). Geology of Yatsuo Area inToyama Prefecture (in Japanese). four.
Fac. Sci., Niigata Univ .. Ser. 2, Vol. 1, No.
2, pp. 1-35. pis. 1-2.
\VooURI!'G, W. P. (1926). American Tertiary
1\lollusks of the Genus Clementia. U. S.
Geol. Surv., Prof. Paper, 1·17-C, pp. 25-42,
pis. 14-17'
YABE, II. and HATAI, K. (1938), On the Japanese Species of Vicarya. Sc. Rep., Tohoku
Imp. Utziv., Ser. 2, Vol. 19, No.2, pp. 149172. 1 pl.
YOKOYAMA, M. (1923). On Some Fossil Mollusca from the Neogene of Izumo. Japan.
four. Geol. Geogr., Vol. 2, No. 1. pp. 1-9.
pis. 1-2.
--(1924). Mollusca from the Coral-Bed of
Awa. four. Coli. Sci., Imp. Utziv. Tokyo,
Vol. 45, Art. 1, pp. 1-65. pis. 1-5.
-(1925). Molluscan Remains from theUppermo;;t part of the jo-ban Coal-Field.
Ibid .. Vol. 45, Art. 5, pp. 1-34, pls. 1-6.
--(1926), Molluscan Fossils from the Tertiaryof Mino, four. Fac. Sci., Imp. U11iv. Tokyo,
Sec. 2, Vol. 1, Pt. 7, pp. 213-227,1 pl.
--(1927), Mollusca from the Upper Musashino of Tokyo and its Suburbs. Ibid., Vol.
1, Pt. 9, pp. 439-457, pis. 51-52.
-(1929), Neogene Shells from the Provinceof Chugoku. Ibid., Vol. 2, Pt. 8, pp. 363368. 1 pl.

MAsUDA: Miocene Mollusca

K. KuMi\Gi\I photo.

Pr.ATE

26

i\Iiocene 1\lollusca from !\oto Peninsula, Japan.

Part 1, (II).

167

Explanation of Plate 26
Figs. la-b. Vicarya callosa japonica YABE and HAT AI, IGPS,* colt. cat. no. 74449. a, Aperturalview. x 1. b, Dorsal view. x 1. Loc. Tokunari, Machino-machi. Fugeshi-gun. Ishikawa
Prefecture.
Figs. 2a-c. Vicaryella uotoemis MASUDA. n. sp. Holotype, DGS, Reg. No. 1410. a. Aperturalview. x 1. b. Dorsal view, x 1. c, Umbilical view, x 1. Loc. Same as above.
Figs. 3a-b. Vicaryella notoensis lVIAst!DA, n. sp. Paratype. DGS, Reg. No. 1410. a. Aperturalview. x L b, Dorsal view. x 1. Loc. Same as above.
Figs. 4a-b. Vicaryella 11otoe11sis l\lASUDA. n. sp. Paratype, DGS, Reg. No. 1410. a. Aperturalview, x L b, Dorsal view, x 1. Loc. Same as above.
Figs. Sa-b. Cerithidea kanpokttmsis MAKIYAMA. DGS, Reg. No. 1533. a, Apertural view. x L
b. Dorsal view, x 1. Loc. Same as above.
Figs. Ga-b. Cerithidea tokrmariensis MAst:DA. n. sp. Holotype, DGS, Reg. No. 1536. a, Apertural view, x 3. b, Dorsal view, x 3. Loc. Same as above.
Figs. 7a-b. Cerilhidea toktmariensis MASUDA, n. sp. Paratype, DGS, Reg. No. 15:J6. a. Aper·
tural view, x 3. b. Dorsal view, x 3. Loc. Same as above.
Figs. Sa-b. Polinices (Ettspira) meisensis MAKIYAMA. DGS, Reg. No. 1407. a, Aertural view,x 1. b, Dorsal view. x 1. Loc. Same as above.
Figs. 9a-b. Poli11ices (Euspira) otukai MASt:DA, n. sp. Holotype, DGS, Reg. No. 1408. a,
Apertural view, x 1. b. Dorsal view, x L Loc. Same as above.
Figs. lOa-c. Chicoreus asa11oi l\'lASUDA, n. sp. Holotype. DGS. Reg. No. 2500. a. Aperturalview. x 1. b. Dorsal view, x 1. c, Apical view, x l. Loc. Same as above.
Figs. lla-c. Chicoreus asatzoi MAsUDA, n. sp. Paratype, DGS, Reg No. 2500. n. Aperturalview, x 1. b, Dorsal view, x 1. c. Apical view, x 1. Loc. Same as above.
Figs. 12a·c. Chicoreus notoensis MAsUDA, n. sp. Holotype. DGS, Reg. No. 2503. a, Aperturalview. x 1. b, Dorsal view. x 1. c, Apical view, x 1. Loc. Same as above.
Figs. 13a·b. Nassarius 11otoensis MAsr;nA, n. sp. Holotype, DGS, Reg. No. 1538. a, Aperturalview. x 3. b, Dorsal view. x 3. Loc. Same as above.
Figs. 14a-b. Nassarius 1zotoe11sis MAsUDA, n. sp. Paratype. DGS. Reg. No. 1538. a. Aperturalview. x 3. b. Dorsal view. x 3. Loc. Same as above.
Figs. 15a-b. Pymmidella hataii MASUDA, n. sp. Holotype. DGS, Reg. No. 1540. a. Aperturalview. x 3. b. Dorsal view, x 3. Loc. Same as above.
Figs. 16a-b. Acteocina ham(ldai MAsUDA, n. sp. Holotype, DGS, Reg. No. 1654. a. Aperturalview. x 8. b. Dorsal view, x 8. Loc. Same as above.

* IGPS= abbreviation for Institute of Geology and Paleontology. Sendai.

168

PROCEEDINGS OF THE PALAEONTOLOGICAL SOCIETY
OF JAPAN

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29 13 JfOjCfi1f -A:~illi~ $iff! 'it~ §Jl\!fm ~ ,f&~tc~v--c!»Hil!L-t.: <~~5/f36 45)o a~5/f:!lE
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A New Foraminiferal Genus from Katase
Beach, Kanagawa Pref .......... Hiroshi UziiE
On Some Species of Elphidium ...... ............. .
....................................... Yukinori FUJITA:lt~ili$11mE~~mll~lmR:1ti~t-t!f:r f 3 . , 51U~11i!C5:!f:~''/C1)::tr.fL£l!.1t1:il::-::ll., -c Cttlil'l)am=n~

On a New type of Fusulinids Wall structure.......................... _.................. Hisayoshi !Go
Neoschwageninae from the Shima Peninsula,
Japan ((l;;ib'l) .................. Nobuo YAMAGIWA~~9,J,ta.llifJIII~-·1lli'C1) Fusulina Jm,t:: -::ll. '--( Utlfl).................................................. 1:i1f00-

A New Species of Li11gula from Hokkaido,
Japan ..................... Ichiro HAYASAKA andKotora HATAl
On Some Problems of the Thanatocoenosis
in the Tokyo Bay .................. 1\lasae OMORI
Fossil and Recent Species of the Cultellid
1\-lollusca from Japan ............ Saburo KA:-INo
Notes on Macoma optiva (YoKOYA!-.!A) ......
............................................. Shigeru AOKIStratigraphic Relations between the so-called
Kadonosawa and Suenomatsuyama Faunas............................................. Shigeru AoKI
Additional Fossil Mollusca from the Miocene
Kabeya Formation, Joban Coal-Field (1\:ill\:)...... Katsumi HIRAYAMA and Shigeru AoKl
On some Species of Lucinids from Japan,
with Descriptions of New Species (Notes
on Japanese Lucinids Mollusca Part 4) (ftw0 .............................. Katsumi HIRAYAMA
Additional Fossil Mollusca from the Miocene
Arakawa Group, Tochigi Prefecture japan(ftifr't) ........................ Katsumi HlRARAMA
fwil'Hili~m.~~ Pectinidae ~CT) 8 Pecten(Pachinopecten)
kimuraimatumoriensis
NAKAMURA i::i$tl.•"( .................. il!ll33~-f!lS
fwf:i'f.tiii:Ift~tiiei!t Pectinidae ~CT) 9 Pecten(Chlamys) miyatokoemis NoMURA and HAT AI

Fusulinids from Onagata, Kamiyoshida-mura,
Chichibu-gun, Saitama Prefecture, Northeastern Part of Kanto mountainland, Central Japan : ..................... Rokuro MoRIKAWA
Several minor Fu:1ulinids from the Shomaru
Pass, eastern Part of Kanto mountainland.................................... Rokuro 1\-loRIKAWA
Parajusulina 11akamigawai n. sp. from
Adoyama formation in the vicinity of Kuzu
city. Tochigi Prefecture .......................... .
........................ Rokuro MoRIKAWA andMankichi HoRIGUCHl
A New Species of Parajt1sulina from the
Kitakami Massif, Japan .......................... .
................................. IIaruyoshi FUJIMOTO
Some Corals from Tateishi Formation (Lower
Carboniferous) in the :t\orth-eastern Abukuma 1\-Iassif, Japan ............ Toshihiko SATO
Halysites J(itakamiensis SUGIYAMA from theGotlandian formation in the Kuraoka
district. Kyushu, Japan ... Takashi HAMADA

Note on a species of the Early Triassic·• Bakevellia " in the Sanchu Graben,
Kwanto Massif, Japan ............... Yukio YABE
Les Ammonites recueillics dans le Groupe deKuruma. Nord du Japon Central.. ........... ..
.. ....................................... Tadashi SATO
Silurian Trilobites from Fukuji, Southern
Part of the Hida 1\Iountainland, Central
Japan .................................... llisayoshi !GoA :t\ote on Chua11gia ............... Chang Hung Hu
Some Pliocene Otoliths from Chiba Prefecture, Japan (ftft,•l:) ............... Kotora IIATAI

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Orthotetinae illiJ'iCT) 4 flli ({\::iti'l) ................. ~IEt!ll • r?WtJt-=:lt.Cill!lhut:fit~ilf.CT))jli!JE.m

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Tranaactions and Procee:lings of the Palaeontological Society of Japan(Old Series)
Number 1, 1935.
Transactions
1. Tuneteru (HNO:\III\ADO: Som; Molluscan Remains from the Pleistocene Deposits of the
Kwanto Region. ······ ··· ··· ··· ······ ··· ··· ··· ······ ··· ·· ···· ··· ·· · ·· · ··· ··· ··· ··· ·· ···· ··· ······ · ·· ······ ·· · ...... · ·· ··· 1
2. Yanoouke OTUK A: Serripes in Japan ········· ··· ··· ··· ··· ··· ··· ··· ··· ·· · ·· ··· ··· ······ ······ ··· ··· ··· ··· ······ 5
3. S~ido ENDO: A Pleisto.:~ne Flora of Japan as an Indicator of Climatic Condition · · · · · · ·· · 9
4. Teiichi KouAYASIII: Restu:ly on Mancl111roceras with a Brief Note on the Classification of
Endoceroids · ...... · ·. · · · · .......... · ·. · · · .... · · ......................................... ·................................. 24
5. Takumi NM;Ao: Desmostylus mirabilis mv. from Saghalin ............................................ 43
Proceedings ..................................................................................................................... · 46
Number 2, 1936, Transactions.
6. Saburo OISHI: A Note on Engelh:zrdlia Genu; and its O.::currenc~ in the Palaeogene of
Korea........................................................................................................................ 1
Number 3. 1936, Transactions.
10. Shi~eyasu To:\:UNAGA and Fuyuji TAKA I: On a Fossil Elephant, Palaeoloxodon aomoriensis
from Shichinohe, Kamikita-gun, Aomori Prefecture, Japan................................ 25
Number 't, 1936, Transactions.
17. Tokio SI!IKAMA: On the Genus Parastegodon ............................................................. 62
Number 5, 1936. Transactions.
22. Sitihei NoMURA awl Kot~Jra HAT AI: The G.:olo;~ic Signific1n:e of the Recent Mollusca
from the Vicinity of Isinomaki, Rikuz~n .. · ........... · .... · .................. · ...... · ............... ·109
Number 6, 1937. Transactions.
26. Tsuneteru (l!NoMJKADo: Molluscan Fo;;;;ils from the Pleistocene Deposit of Sisinai in Tobetumura. Ishikari-gun, Hokkaido .. · ... · .... · · .................... · .................................. · ........ · ..

New Series
Number 1. 1951.
Transactions
192. 1\lano MINAT.J: S:>m? Carboniferous Corals from Southwe:;t Japan..............................
193. Teiichi KonAYA>lll and Koichiro ICJllKAWA: On Palaeophorus,a Late Triassic Pelecypod

17Palaeogene Mollusca from South Nagano-ken .................................... 13
195. S~ido ENDO: Sequoia from South Manchuria, oldest in the World ................................. 17196. TatsCJro MAT.>UMOTO: A Note on the. PachydisJ;:inae, a Cretaceous Ammonite -group ... 19
Proceedings .................................... : .......... : ... .'.... : ............................................................... 27
G.:!llUS

194.

.......................................................................................................................

To~do SHIKAMA:

Number 2, 1951, Transactions.
Takayasu UcH!o: New Species: and Genus of the Cenozt>jc Fqrm\ltions in the Middle Partof the Boso Penin~ula,_Chiba-ken ................................................................................ 33
Number 3, 1951. Transactions:201. Sig~o MURATA: The bcc'urrance,of. the Gi!nus Cyclamina in the Tertiary of Kyushu ........ 65
Number 4, 1951, Transactions.
.
205. Wataru IcHIKAWA: Fossil Diatoms found in the Kayama Clnyshale on the Outskirts ofKanazawa City................................................ c-: ..... :~ ................................................... 97
Number 5. 1952, Transactions.
20;}. jiro M,\KIYAM.-\: On the Mutation of Fo:;sil Glycymeris rotunda ................................ 131
Number 6, 1932. Transactions.
213. Yasuhiko KAMADA: On Some Species of Cyclina from japan and Korea .................... 167
l"umber 7, 1952, Transactions.
217. Takayasu UcH!n: An Interesting Relation betwezn Stomatorbi11a DoRREEN, 194S andMississippiua Howr:, 1930 of Foraminifera .................................................................. 195
Number 8, 1952, Transactions
222. Yudzuru OGURA: A Fossil Palm in Kenroku Park at Kanazawa ................................. 223
Number 9. 195:!. Transactions.
227. To.>him>S:l TAN AI: Note on some Plant Frossils from Ennichi (Yongil) Group in Southern
Korea, n.....................
...........................................................................
1
197.

Palaeontological Society of Japan, Special Papers
Number 1. Bihliosraphy of japanese Palaeontology and Related Sciences, 1941-1950. by Riuji ENDO,
pp. 1-71, 1951.
Number 2, J'Vhtajiro Yo:(OYA\IA's Til: Plio:en~ and Later Faunas from the Kwanto Region in
Japan, revis~d by ls\0 TAKI ani Kats:1ra OYAMA, pp. l-68, 49 plates. 1954.