02
DAM IMPACT ON WATER QUALITY AND MORPHOMETRIC CHARACTERISTIC OFSCHIZOTHORAX SPECIES IN BHAGIRATHI RIVER OF UTTARKASHI, UTTARAKHAND
Poonam Tiwari1 and Mahidhar Prasad Tiwari2
Assistant Professor, Department of Zoology ,2Assistant Professor, Department of Chemistry
R.C.U. Government Post Graduate College, Uttarkashi, Uttarakhand, India
Email: mptiwari90@gmail.com

1

How to cite this paper:
Tiwari, Poonam and Tiwari,
Mahidhar Prasad (2022) Dam
Impact on Water Quality andMorphometric Characteristicof Schizothorax Species in
Bhagirathi River of Uttarkashi,
Uttarakhand, Journal of Global
Resources, Vol. 08 (02)DOI:
10.46587/JGR.2022.v08i02.002

Received: 18 March 2022
Reviewed: 25 April 2022
Revised: 15 May2022
Final Accepted: 05 June 2022

Abstract: A study was conducted on the morphometriccharacteristics of Schizothorax species of fish on samples
collected from Bhagirathi river in Uttarkashi district of
Uttarakhand state. Samples were taken from the study sites
to measure some important parameters of water quality,
which greatly influenced the morphological characteristics ofthe fish. Morphometric features such as total length,
pectoral, pelvic, anal, dorsal, head, caudal length of eyes,caudal width and weight were recorded. Significant effects
of dam on fish are observed on the morpho-metric of
Schizothorax sp. There was no change in the characters but
the wall of the dam put the selection pressure. The maximum
length, weight of fish was observed in the study area during
winter season and minimum during rainy season. The
maximum length and weight were found before the dam.
Changes in habitat, physico-chemical parameters, lessaquatic macro-invertebrates lead to shorter lengths of fishes.
Proper management techniques should be required for the
production of fish. This paper will provide knowledge of the
impact of dam on the morphometric character of fish alongwith parameters of water quality. It also gives in-depth
knowledge of proper management of river fisheries.
Keywords: Morphometric Characters, Fluctuations of Water
Level, Fish Schizothorex Spp., Population ofFishesJournal of Global Resources, July 2022, Volume 08 (02) Poonam Tiwari and Mahidhar Prasad Tiwari P a g e | 1 2

Introduction
The rivers of Garhwal in North India have a rich aquatic diversity. The endemic fish is a speciesof Schizothorax. A total of 68 species in its subfamily have also been found in worldwide(Chen
2006). Snow trout is an important cold-water fish distributed along the Himalayas in India,
Pakistan, Bhutan, Nepal and Bangladesh . In India, snow trout species are found in the very
cold waters of Jammu and Kashmir (Sundar and Bhagat 1979) and in the eastern Himalayasat an altitude of approximate 1180–3000 m above sea level (lunar set) of Bhutan andSikkim(Huh. al., 2012). Anthropogenic activity especially several hydro-electric projects in thearea and the introduction of exotic species into Uttarakhand can have an alarmingly adverse
effect on the population of this species (Thapliyal 2013). Fish is the means of rural livelihoodof the Uttarkashi .People go to the morning and evening and catch the fish using the net andother technique and sell it in the market. During sampling, it has been observed that the fishes
in the areas after the dam wall are less in length and weight than before the dam. Fish of
maximum length and weight are found in winter and minimum in rainy season. Changes inwater quality parameters lead to changes in fish morphology. The dam affects the natural flow
and can divert a river whose main channel of the river has a below normal flow. The
temperature and the physico-chemical properties of the water changes with the constructionof dam in the Bhagirathi river, and due to this, the native habitat of micro-organisms and flora
ends. Sometimes, when multiple dams are built on tributaries of a river ecosystem, thecumulative effect of these dams has been observed to block the flow of nutrients originatingfrom the lower reaches of the ecosystem to the catchment basin.
In addition geomorphologic conditions environmental parameters such as watervelocity, depth, Substrate diversity and water temperature also Influence the structural andfunction morphology of fish .Damming sets a blockage to fish movement, upstream or
downstream. In passing through the turbines, spillways or in the diversion, fishes are subjected
to injury by physical contact, pressure change, shear force or eddies (Naidu. 1993). It may
change the flow downstream by making it more irregular. The nature of the river bottom willchange, the water quality may change too (Moss 1998,).The water temperature of Bhagirathi
gradually increase from January to April . Air temperature depends on geographic location.
Part of limiting distribution is based on tolerance limits. Temperature has an effect on metabolic
rate in all organisms.
Morphometrics is a statistical module for analyzing fish size and it is an important partof information to understand the science of selected fish. In general, the size of the fish is
usually more important biologically than the age of the fish because of its physiologicalsignificance. The factors are more size-dependent than age-dependent. The growth of fish
body parts is related to the growth of its total length, so it is more important to analyze thestatistical relationships between them for taxonomic studies of fish. Morphometric analysis is
the easiest and most true method for the identification of samples. The connection between
different part of body can also be used to evaluate the well-being of individuals in an ecosystem
and also helps to distinguish between unit stocks of the same species (King, 2007). Fish show
greater variation in morphological traits within populations than other vertebrates and are more
influenced by the environment (Wimberger 1992). The Schizothorax species of snow trout isnative to Central Asia. It is an endemic species of Himalayan region. The common fish of
Uttrakashi in Bhagirathi river is snow trout cold-water species ,commonly known as "acella".
It is elongated, slender-headed ,streamlined and sub-cylindrical in shape and has a wide
distribution in the Indian Himalayas rivers. This sp. usually prefers to live in rivers or streams
that covered with snow . It feeds mainly on periphyton, algae and plants. It is a migratory
species and migrates up and down during the summer and winter seasons respectively. It iscaught by the fishermen here from the river, they sell in Uttarkashi market, they more earn inwinter seasons . It is economically important food fish in the cold-water region.
Journal of Global Resources, July 2022, Volume 08 (02) Poonam Tiwari and Mahidhar Prasad Tiwari P a g e | 1 3

2172 species of fishes are threatened with extinction according to 2012, International
union for conservation of nature List (Vishwanath 2018).In most cases, damming in rivers
changes the biodiversity of fish, usually leading to a decline in the number of fish species.
Species of long-distance migrating species have declined in species stocks, while those that
prefer slow-moving water have increased in stock. Submerged trees increase the food supply
for fish, trees complicate fishing and reduce fishing efficiency. Decay of submerged vegetation
leads to deoxidation and acidification, which can lead to widespread death of native ravine
populations in the lower layers of the water. An increase in minimal flow and less fluctuation indischarge can increase the diversity of fish, especially in riverine species (Travnichek 1995).
Rudd had examined the downstream ecological impact after the dam in 2005. The effect of thechanged amount of water and its timing leads to several effects such as (a). Less passage ofalluvial mother, especially suspended sediments (Williams. and Wolman 1984; Rood andMahoney 1990; Ligon F., 1995; Kondolph 1997; Magilligan 2003) and (b). fragmentation ofriver corridor& creation of barrier between upstream & downstream passage (Ward.& Stanford
1995a, 199b;). Various aspect of impact of dam on river flow has been studies only in respectsof some river. Khanna 2013 and Mittra, 2013, have been studied fish diversity and theirlimnological status in river Ganges with study site in the region of Rishikesh and Haridwar.
Occasionally, fishes can become concentrated after dam wall due to the attractive foraging
opportunities there as well as due to seasonal grouping of migratory fishes.(Adeyemo O. etal.,2008).
Objectives
1. Study of morphometric characteristics of fish of Schizothorax spp.
2. Monitoring the changes in some water quality parameters.
3. Impact on fish morphometric by hydroelectric project.
Study Area
Our first study site was at Maneri near hydro project I. This study site is located 15 km from
Uttarkashi. At this location, two sites were selected – one - before reservoir wall and, another- after reservoir wall. Second site was at Joshiyara, near the hydro-electric power project II.
At this location, two sites were also selected – one - before reservoir wall and, another - after
reservoir wall.
Figure 01: Maneri Site

Site 1

Journal of Global Resources, July 2022, Volume 08 (02) Poonam Tiwari and Mahidhar Prasad Tiwari P a g e | 1 4

Figure 02: Joshiyara Site

Site-2Geology of the Study Area
The land in this study area is mainly covered by agricultural fallow lands, clear lands, scrub
land, grazing land, deciduous forest, scrub forest water bodies (mainly river and reservoir) andsettlement. The study area has different type of rock formations, .e., white and cream coloured
quartzite grading into talc-chlorite schist’s along the thrust and migmatites, augen gneisses,
garnetiferous mica-schist’s and amphibolite’s (Naithani and Rawat, 1991). The quartzite rockis inter-bedded with silts, metal-volcanoes and gases interactive (Reports of multipurpose andhydro-electric project organization, Irrigation Department Dehradun, Uttaranchal, 1985).The
terrain and climate of Uttarkashi district provide uncongenial physical environment for humansettlement. Yet undaunted by hazards and hardships this land was inhabited by hill tribes sinceancient times bringing out the best in man his adaptive talents.
Materials and Methods
Collection of Samples:
The estimation of physico–chemical parameter was done at all the four study sites. Monthly
sampling was done for obtaining data on physico-chemical environment of the sites before andafter dam wall of Maneri and Joshiyara. Standard methods as outlined by Trivedi and Goel(1986), APHA (1995) and Dutta Munshi (1985) Welch(1952) were followed . Air and watertemperature are taken one time and other’s physico-chemical parameter taken three times.

•••

Physical Characteristics - The physical characteristic included temperature, conductivity,
turbidity, total dissolve solids (TDS).
Chemical Characteristics - The chemical characteristic included pH, dissolved
oxygen(DO), biological oxygen demand (BOD).
Fish sampling - Sampling of fishes were done in the Bhagirathi river of detach month for
one year 2019-2020.Two sites were selected in Maneri and two another sites in Joshiyara
for fish sampling, a stretch of approximately 600 to 700 meters after dam wall (withmaximum variation in water level) and almost and a similar stretch about 600-700meters
upstream before dam wall of both study area (Maneri and Joshiyara dam). Hired fisherman
used nets for capturing the fish and the sampling was validated using the 3-pass technique
where the population of the enclose area should decrease after each sampling. Scoop net
were also used for the fish collection.

After each pass, fishes were counted and the data was tabulate in terms of length,
weight, their morpho-metrics, species identification etc. (Zipping 1958). Same technique wasused in all the sites. The fishes captured at each site were marked by a fin clipping so thatthese could be identified in other catches. Sampling was skipped during monsoon and peaksummer months due to the tremendous increase in water volume. (so fish sampling data
Journal of Global Resources, July 2022, Volume 08 (02) Poonam Tiwari and Mahidhar Prasad Tiwari P a g e | 1 5

should be omitted). During these months cast net was used to capture fishes from specificsites before and after dams.
Morphometric Measurements
Identification was done at species level that followed by Talwarand Jhingran (1991),
Srivastava(1980) and Sunder,(1999). Fishes were counted and morphometric characteristics
such total length (cm), total weight (gm), pectoral length (cm), pelvic length, anal length, caudal
length, caudal width and head length (cm) eye diameter(mm) were measured for size classestimation. All fish caught in the net were released back into the water immediately after taking
these measurements. Fish samples were kept in 10% formalin solution for identifications.
Result and Discussion
The site before the dam wall at Maneri site recorded a maximum depth temperature of 160C in
the month of August 2019 and a minimum of 50C in the month of January, 2020. (Table 1,). At
Maneri Site II, after dam wall, the maximum temperature in the month of July 2020 was 180C
and minimum 70C in the month of January 2020. The temperature is one of the important
physical factors, which affect the chemical & biological reaction in. The depth temperature at
Joshiyara Site I (before dam) is maximum 160C in the month of July and minimum 50C in themonth of January. After the dam wall at Joshiara site II, the depth temperature was maximum
160C in the month of July and minimum 80C in the month of February( table 1). From the studyof Maneri site I,II and Joshiyara site I,II sites, a slight reduction in water temperature at S2
was noticed it may be due to mixing of Muck in the water and removal of riparian vegetation(NTPC 2011).
The maximum turbidity before the dam wall at Maneri Site I was recorded at 160.3 ±0.3 in the month of August, 2019 and the minimum at 0.9 ± 0.02 in the month of February in2020 (Table 1,),and at Maneri Site II, after the dam wall, Turbidity maximum 162.7 ± 0.3 in themonth of August 2019 and minimum 1.7 ± 0.09 in the month of February 2020 were found.
The turbidity maximum at Joshiyara Site I (before the dam) was 115.5 ± 0.3 in the month of
July and the minimum was found to be 0.9 ± 0.06 in the month of January. After the dam wallat Joshiara Site II, the turbidity was maximum 152±0.6 in the month of August and minimumof 1.3±0.03 in the month of November. The increase in turbidity during the monsoon is mainly
influenced by silt sand soils and a variety of organic and inorganic materials that are washedaway during heavy rainfall in the catchment area due to increased turbidity (Schmitz, 1961).
The conductivity at Maneri Site I before the dam was found to be maximum 140.3 ± 0.3 in themonth of April 2020 and minimum 83.3 ± 0.3 in the month of Aug-2019. At Maneri Site II, after
the dam wall, the conductivity was maximum 148±.05 in the month of May 2020 and minimum
85.2±0.03 in the month of August 2019. The conductivity maximum at Joshiyara Site I (before
the dam) was 134±0.6 in Feb. and the minimum in the month of August. After the dam wall at
Joshiyara Site II, the conductivity maximum was found to be 136.5±0.1 in the month of October
and the minimum of 101.7±0.5 in the month of August. Useful which was affected byanthropogenic disturbances (dam construction activities). In both the study areas, theconductivity of the dams was found to be higher than after the dam (Bhatt, 2011).
The TDS before dam wall at Maneri Bhali Site I was maximum 84.2 ± 0.1 in the monthof February, 2020 and minimum 60.1 ± 0.1 in the month of August, 2019. At Maneri Site II,
after the dam wall, the TDS maximum was 87.1 ± 0.06 in the month of March 2020 and theminimum was 65.2 ± 0.23 in the month of July 2020. The maximum TDS was found to be 85.1
± 0.49 at Joshiyara site I (before dam) in Jan. and the minimum was found to be 59.8 ± 0.6 inthe month of August. After the dam wall at Joshiyara site II, The maximum TDS was 86.2 ±0.15 in the month of Feb. And the minimum was found to be 61.4±0.3 in the month of August.
All sampling sites recorded high total dissolved solids values in winter and low in summer
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(Poonam, 2019). TDS in both the study areas was found to be slightly higher at the dam than
before the dam. The maximum DO record at Maneri Bhali site I before the dam wall was 13.2
± 0.2 in the month of January in 2020 and minimum 9.5 ± 01.1 in the month of July, 2020. At
Maneri Site II after the dam wall, the DO maximum was 9.47±0.05 in the month of July 2020
and the minimum was 8.1±0.05 in the month of January 2020. DO at Joshiara Site I (beforedam) was 14.07±0.2 in the month of January and minimum at 8.4±0.06 in the month of April.
After the dam wall at Joshiara Site II, the DO maximum in the month of January was 12.08±0.2
and minimum 8.5±0.05 was obtained in the month of December. It is one of the importantparameters in the assessment of water quality and reflects the physical and biologicalprocesses in water. The value of dissolved O2 ranged from 8.2 to 14.6 mg/l. In summer, Do
levels were very low in April and July. This is due to the low solubility of gases at hightemperatures (Hynes 1978). The increase in DO during winter i.e. in the months of January
may be due to the high solubility of O2 at low temperature (Verma 1984). In Maneri and
Joshiyara's study, DO was found to be higher in S1 than in S2. Aquatic organism is effectedby pH because most of their metabolic activities are pH dependent. The pH at Maneri site I
was maximum 7.8±0.06 in the month of aug.2019 and minimum 7.0±0.12.1in the month of Jan.
2020 (Table 1,). At Maneri Site II, after dam wall, pH was maximum 7.9±0.03in the month ofaug.2019 and minimum 7.2±0.06 in the month of dec. 2019. At Joshiyara site I (before dam)
the pH was maximum 7.7±0.03in the month of sept. and minimum 7.1±0.09 in the month ofJan. After dam wall in Joshi Yara site II ,pH was maximum 7.9±0.09 in the month of July. andminimum 7.3±0.0 in the month of fib. In table I. In the present study of pH on the study sites
was between 7.0 to 7.9 and pH increased during summer months and decrease during
monsoon and winter maximum values during summer may be due to increase photosynthesisof the algal blooms resulting into precipitation of carbonates of calcium and magnesium frombicarbonate causing in pH during winter may be due to decrease in photosynthesis while during
monsoon it may be due to greater in flow of water. pH was found slightly greater than before
the dams compared after dam.
The BOD at Maneri Site I was maximum 4.1±0.06 in the month of aug.2019 andminimum 0.5±0.12.1in the month of Jan. 2020 (Table 1,). At Maneri Site II, after dam wall, BOD
was maximum 4.5±0.12 in the month of aug.2019 and minimum 0.81±0.01 in the month of dec.
2019. At Joshiyara site I (before dam) the BOD was maximum 4.63±0.09 in the month of Aug.
and minimum 0.54±0.01in the month of Jan. After dam wall in Joshi Yara site II ,BOD is
maximum 4.83±0.07 in the month of Aug. and minimum 0.6±0.06 in the month of Jan.in table
1.The values of BOD clearly showed higher concentration during Monsoon respectively. BOD
showed higher value during monsoon and comparatively low during winter respectively at
Bhagirathi river (Sati. (2011). The BOD was observed higher after the dam .Same study wasobserved NTPC report 2011 upstream and downstream.
Length Dependent Summary of Data on Schizothorax. sp.
The length of Schizothorax spp. fish with a maximum mean value of 32.2 ± 4.79 (cm.) in themonth of January and a minimum mean length of 20.7 ± 3.56 (cm.) was observed in the monthof June and a maximum weight of 325 ± 109 (kg.) at the site of Maneri. I (before the reservoir)
was observed in the month of February. The minimum weight mean value was 96.7 ± 26.1 (kg)in the month of July. Whereas in Site II of Maneri (post-reservoir), the maximum length of fish
was found to be 30.33 ± 6.34 (cm) in the month of January and the minimum length averagevalue was 20. 17 ± 3.01 in the month of July and the maximum weight average value 317 ±137 was in the month of February and the minimum weight mean value was 87.7 ± 28.8 in themonth of August (2019-20) in the graph No.-1, 2 and Table No. 2. The maximum length of fish
Schizothorex Spp. was observed mean value 31.5 ± 4.54(cm.) in the month of December
and minimum length mean value 19.6 ± 11.33 (cm) in the month of August, and maximum
weight mean value 317±150(Kg.) was observed in the month of January and minimum
Journal of Global Resources, July 2022, Volume 08 (02) Poonam Tiwari and Mahidhar Prasad Tiwari P a g e | 1 7

weight mean value 50 ± 28.9(kg.) was in the month of August at site I (before dam) of
Joshiyara. While in the site II (after Reservoir )of Joshiyara, the maximum length of fish
Schizothorex spp. was found mean value 26.5± 15.32 (cm) in January and minimum lengthmean value 21 ±3.26 was in the month of September and maximum weight was observed
mean value 202 ± 64.7 in February and minimum weight mean value 59 ± 22 was in themonth of August. (2019-20) graph no.3, 4 and tableno.2.
The variation in populations of fish of different sizes is almost the same for all sizegroups. The only part affected by the hydroelectric project is the number of these individuals.
Many freshwater fish species are currently threatened by the direct and indirect effects ofhuman activities, such as habitat destruction and fragmentation (Meir, 2013). The constructionof dams on rivers specifically affects fish activities, which can restrict gene flow and lead topopulation differentiation (Meldgaard, 2003). Various factors such as food availability, salinity
or temperature can affect fish morphology and result in the splitting of fish populations (Palma
Andrade 2002). Variation in morphometric and meristematic character may range frominterspecific variability to the influence of environmental parameters (Hub. 1921)., Vladikov
1934). Long effect on fish morphometric of Schizothorax spp. before and after Bhagirathi riverreservoir at Maneri reservoir. The maximum length and weight were found in the winter season
and the lowest in the rainy season. Maximum length and weight were found before thereservoir while a similar study was found in the comparison after the reservoir (Scouton 1998).
Several studies suggest that many morphological traits in fish are influenced by the physicochemical environment where they live (Balan 1986, Bourke 1997). Other studies suggest thatwater conductivity is an important factor in promoting good fish body condition in rivers (Dennis
1995).

Length in Cm( meanvalues)Graph 01: Monthly recorded of Morphmetric of fish Schizothorex Spp. of Maneri site I (before
reservoir ) at Bhagirathi river (20019-2020)
40

Morphmetric of Schizothorex Spp.

T.L

30

PEC.L

20

PEL.L

10

AN.L
D.L

0
AUG SEP

OCT NOV DEC

JAN

FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JULY

H.L
E.L

Month

Length in Cm(Meanvalue)

Graph 02: Monthly recorded of Morph metric of Fish Schizothorex Spp. of Maneri site II (after
reservoir ) at Bhagirathi river (20019-20)
40Morphmetric of Schizothorex

T.L

30

PEC.L

20

PEL.L

10

AN.L

0
AUG SEP

OCT NOV DEC

JAN

FEB MAR APR MAY JUN

Months

july

D.L
H.L

Journal of Global Resources, July 2022, Volume 08 (02) Poonam Tiwari and Mahidhar Prasad Tiwari P a g e | 1 8

Table 01: Maximum and Minimum Value of Physico-Chemical Parameters of Maneri, Site I, Site II and Joshiyara Site I, Site II(Before and after the Reservoir) of Bhagirathi River in the Year 2019-20
Maneri Site I
Param.
Water
Tem.
Turbidity
Cond.
TDS
DO
pH
BOD

Maneri Site II

Joshiyara Site I

Joshiyara Site II

Maximum
Value in Month

Minimum Valuein Month

Maximum
Value in Month

Minimum
Value in Month

Maximum Value inMonthMinimum
Value in Month

16
±0.00
160.3
±0.3
140.3
±0.3
84.2
±0.1
13.2
±0.2
7.8
±0.06
4.1
±0.06

5.0
±0.0
0.9
±0.02
83.3
±0.3
60.1
±0.1
9.5
± 0.1
7.0
±0.12
0.5
±0.12

18
±0.00
162.7
±0.3
148
±.05
87.1
±0.06
9.47
±0.05
7.9
±0.03
4.5
±0.12

7.0
±0.0
1.7
±0.09
85.2
±0.03
65.2
±0.23
8.1
±0.05
7.2
±0.06
0.81
±0.01

16
±0.0
115.5
±0.3
134
±0.6
85.1
±0.49
14.07
±0.2
7.7
±0.03
4.63
±0.09

5
±0.00
0.9
±0.06
99.1
± 0.5
59.8
±0.6
8.4
±0.06
7.1
±0.09
0.54
±0.01

Aug
Aug
April
Feb
Jan
Aug
Aug.

Jan
Feb
Aug.
Aug.
July
Jan.
Jan.

Aug.
Aug.
May
March
July
Aug.
Aug.

Jan
Feb
Aug
July
Jan
Dec.
Dec.

July
July
Feb
Jan
Jan
Sep
Aug

Jan
Jan
Aug.
Aug.
April
Jan
Jan

Maximum
Value in
Month
16
±0.00
152
±0.6
136.5
±0.1
86.2
±0.15
12.08
±0.2
7.9
±0.09
4.83
±0.07

Minimum
Value in Month
July
Aug
Oct.
Feb
Jan
July
Aug

8.0
±0.00
1.3
±0.03
101
±0.5
61.4
±0.3
8.5
±0.05
7.3
±0.0
0.6
±0.06

Table 02: Length and Weight data of Schizothorex Spp. of Maneri site I, II and Joshiyara site I, II(Before and after Reservoir wall) at Bhagirathi River (20019-20)

Aug.
Sep.
Oct.
Nov.
Dec.
Jan.
Feb.
Mar.
April
May

Maneri Site I(before the Reservoir wall)
LengthWeight22.7±1.25
102±2821.9±1.6
113±43.921.5±2.93133±44.2
26.3±4.26
200±66.2
28.9±4.46
234±91.932.2±4.79
303±11331.5±2.6
325±10924.7±3.18
193±8125±1.45162±31.7
23±2.39117±44.2

Maneri Site II(After the reservoir wall)
LengthWeight21.7±1.65
87.7±28.8
24.8±3.6
102±49.924.9±3.62
119±44.425.5±2.02
173±39.4
27.7±2.46
207±57.926±4.05
202±64.730.3±6.34317±13729.3±1.09267±16.7
24.9±1.02
125±14.5
23.7±1.74
117±16.7

Josiyara Site I(before the reservoir wall)
LengthWeight
19.6±11.33
50±28.922.7±2.74
125±46.5
21.5±2.93133±44.2
27.3±1.8300±28.931.5±4.54
217±59.529.3±5.7317±15023.5±3.41200±6326.5±0.76
200±28.926.5±15.32
193±111.73
22.7±2.78
125±46.5

Joshiyara Site II(After the reservoir wall)
LengthWeight21.1±3.34
59±22
21±3.2698.3±34.5
21.3±2.13127±37.2
23.7±2.62
147±49.2
25.7±5.24158±10926.5±15.3
193±111.73
26±4.05
202±64.726.5±3.26
167±33.924.8±1.3
170±20.6
22.7±2.19
122±35June
July

20.7±3.56
24.2±2.09

20.5±3.61
20.2±3.01

22.6±1.69
23.7±1.74

25.7±0.88
23.3±1.77

Month100±51.4
96.7±26.1

127±61.893.3±48.5

118±43.4
117±16.7

Journal of Global Resources, July 2022, Volume 08 (02) Poonam Tiwari and Mahidhar Prasad Tiwari P a g e | 1 9

150±5.78
113±31.8

Feb
Nov
Aug
Aug
Dec
Feb.
Jan

Length in cm(meanvalues)Graph 03: Monthly recorded of Morph metric of fish Schizothorex Spp. of Joshiyara site I(before reservoir ) at Bhagirathi River (2019-20)
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
0

Morphmetric of Schizothorex spp

T.L
PEC.L
PEL.L
AN.L
D.L

AUG

SEP

OCT NOV DEC

JAN

FEB MAR APR MAY JUN

july

H.L
E.L

MonthsGraph 04: Monthly recorded of Morph metric of fish Schizothorex Spp. of Joshiyara site II(After reservoir ) at Bhagirathi river (2019-20).
30

Morphmetric of Schizothorex Spp.

Length in Cm(meanvalues)

25
20
15
10
5
0
AUG

SEP

OCT NOV DEC

JAN

FEB

MAR april may

JUN

july

T.L
PEC.L
PEL.L
AN.L
D.L
H.L
E.L
COD.L
COD.W

MonthsFigure 03: Morphometric Measurement of Schizothorax sp.

Conclusion
It is concluded from this present article that the construction of dam affects the ecosystem andthe ecology of the river, we should try to conserve and manage the aquatic biodiversity of theriver system. This is understandable because in all the sites after the reservoir wall , the waterlevel decreases. We also suggest that there should be a critical level of water discharge thatshould be maintained in the main river channel after the reservoir wall of hydroelectric projects
to maintain a regular flow of water in order to preserve aquatic biodiversity. But it is noteworthy
that the Schizothorax spp. population is able to sustain even severe fluctuations of water level.
This is one of the most surprising results suggested by our result. Therefore, in the present
study, changes in physico-chemical parameters due to the effect of water level fluctuations
after the dam wall have an effect on the schizothorax and morphometric characteristics as well.
After summing up the data by size (length in cm), the results showed that the maximum fish
numbers of individuals observed in Maneri before the reservoir site were related to a classinterval of 20–30 cm that corresponded to the spring season. was seen. It can be assumed
that the data shows that the number of fish is less and smaller in size in the places after the
Journal of Global Resources, July 2022, Volume 08 (02) Poonam Tiwari and Mahidhar Prasad Tiwari P a g e | 2 0

reservoir wall. It has been suggested that the fragmentation of river ecosystems may result inchanges in migration patterns among fish populations.
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