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1For Teachers: When you use Dual method, please have the students do the shadowing after you. Then
have them read by them self. And correct their pronunciation, through all of this material.

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イートックのレッスン以外で使用禁止。Ban using this without eTOC

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Part2 Lesson10.G2-3C-2018.3chobundokkai スマホの方は横にしてご覧下さい

4Female Pioneers

5Since the computer’s invention, many of the people famous for working incomputer science have been men. Even now, only about 25 percent of peopleworking in computer-related fields in the United States are women. Even now,
only about 25 percent of people working in computer-related fields in the UnitedStates are women. However, some of the first computer programmers were agroup of American women who worked at the University of Pennsylvania in the1940s. They made a huge contribution to the development of modem computers,
but for many years their work was largely forgotten. During World War II,
many American men were fighting overseas. As a result, women were needed forjobs that were traditionally done by men. For example, in 1942, the U.S. Army
hired a group of women who had studied math in university.

678910111213141516 Further Questions & Sample Answers For Teachers: Please use the direct method like CALLAN
17 for this part. 1. Ask student to answer the question on their own first. 2. Then read the “sample answer”. 3. Tell
18 student to close their eyes. 4. Let them repeat after you again. Because student can’t see the answer. 5. Have the19 student try to memorize the answer. 6. Once they have memorized the answer, ask the question one last time.

1) What is the percentage rate of women working in computer-related fields in
21 the United States?
20221) Only about 25 percent of women working in computer-related fields in the US.

232) Who made a huge contribution to the development of modern computers but
their work was largely forgotten.
2) The Women worked at the University made a contribution to the developmentof computers.

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The U.S. Army needed to understand where and how its rockets and bombs
moved, so the army asked the women to do the calculations. At first, the women
worked with desk calculators. Each calculation took one woman about 20 hours
to complete. To reduce the time, it took to complete these calculations, the army
developed a special computer in 1943. It was called ENIAC, and it was designed
by engineers at the University of Pennsylvania. The computer was big enough tofi11 a whole room and had to be programmed before each calculation. Six women
were chosen to develop a way to program the computer. Their names wereKathleen Antonelli, Jean Bartik, Betty Holberton, Marlyn Meltzer, Frances
Spence, and Ruth Teitelbaum.
Further Questions & Sample Answers
3) About how many hours does a woman complete a calculation?
3) A woman completed about 20 hours to complete each calculation.
4) What was developed in 1943 to reduce the time to complete the calculations?
4) The army developed a special computer in 1943.

P2 | Copyright © 2020 by eTOC-surely work-All Rights Reserved 長文読解デュアルメソッド英検 2 級
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Although it could sometimes take a long time to program the computer for acalculation, once the computer was programmed, it only took 30 seconds tocomplete each calculation. Although the women created one of the firstcomputer programs, few people remembered them. Then, in 1986, a young female
student at Harvard University, Kathryn Kleiman, was researching women incomputer science. She came across a photo of the six women working withENIAC. She began to research the women’s contribution and eventually made adocumentary about them. Finally, the women were recognized for the big role
they had played in the development of modern computing. Kleiman believes that
remembering these women is important because it will encourage more women totake up careers in computer science.
Further Questions & Sample Answers5) Who came across a photo of six women working with ENIAC?
5) Kathryn Kleiman came across a photo of the six women working with ENIAC.
6) Why did Kleiman believe that remembering these women was important?
6) She believed that they will encourage women to take up careers in computerscience.
57(34) What is true about computer programming?

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1. Most people had forgotten that some of the first computer programmers werefemale.

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2. A majority of people who study to become computer programmers are women.
3. Male computer programmers have trouble finding jobs in the moderneconomy.

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4. Most of the men working in computer programming studied at the Universityof Pennsylvania.

6162(35) What happened during World War II?

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1. Women began doing jobs which had mostly been done by men before the menwent to war.
2. Men who had studied math in college often found it difficult to find a place towork.

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3. The U.S. Army calculated the time it took to build rockets and bombs.

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The U.S. Army hired a group of women to fight along with men overseas.

6768(36) ENAIC was69

1. a special program where women could learn how to develop new computers.

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2. a device that could quickly do calculations that took humans a long time tocomplete.

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3. an event held by the U.S. Army to increase the security of their computers.

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4. a type of device that was used by computers to increase the speed of theircalculations.

P3 | Copyright © 2020 by eTOC-surely work-All Rights Reserved 長文読解デュアルメソッド英検 2 級73(37)What did Kathryn Kleiman do?

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1. She created a group to support women who want to become computer
programmers.

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2. She made a documentary about a group of women who helped develop modem
computer programming.

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3. She became the first woman to get a degree in computer programming atHarvard University.

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4. She developed a new way to use computer programming to create movies.

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(38)

Which of the following statements is true?

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1. Women calculated the movements of rockets and bombs for the U.S. Army
during World War II.

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2. Kathryn Kleiman began teaching computer science at Harvard University in
1986.

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3. The first computer was so large that it took two days for a group of women torepair.

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4. About 75 percent of young American women have said that they will study
computer science.

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Answers: (34)1 (35)1(36)2(37)2(38)1