a -tt--~i.~~~~~·ic.f
Transactions and Proceedingsof thePalaeontological Society of Japan
New Series

No. 62Palaeontological Society of japan
june 30th, 1966

CONTENTS
TRANSACTIONS
Page

505.

Planktonic Foraminifera from the Somachi Formation, Ki~ai-jima, Kagoshima
Prefecture, japan ...................................... Tun yow HUANG 217

506.

A Mesozoic Ammonite from Amami-Oshima ............................. .
. . . . . . . . . . Tatsuro MATSUMOTO, Hideo ISHIKAWA and Shiro YAJ\IAKUCIII 23!

507.

Discovery of Aptian Ammonites from the Shimanto Terrain, Western
Shikoku .................................. lsao NAKAI and Shigeki II ADA 232

508.

Molluscan Fossils from the Nobori Formation Shikoku, japan........... .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Naoaki AoKI 251

President: Kiyoshi AsANO
Councillors: Kiyoshi ASANO (Editor of "Fossils''), 1-Iaruyoshi FUJIMOTO, Tetsuro
HANAI (Editor of Transactions and Proceedings), Wataru HASHIMOTO (Treasurer), Kotora HATAI, lchiro HAYASAKA, Koichiro ICHIKAWA, Taro KANAYA,
Teiichi KOBAYASHI, Tatsuro I\1ATSUJ\IOTO (Editor for Special Papers), Masao
MINATO, Hiroshi OZAKI (Planning), Tokio SHIKAMA (Membership), Fuyuji
T AKAI (Chairman of Executive Councillors' Committee), Ryuzo ToRIYAMA
Secretaries: Takashi

HAMADA,

I-lisayoshi!GO, Yokichi TAKAYANAGI, Yasuhide

IWASAKIAll Communications relating to this journal should be addressed to the
PALAEONTOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN
Geological Institute, Faculty of Science, University of Tokyo, Japan

Trans. Proc. Palacont. Soc. Japan, K. S .. No. 62. pp. 217-233. pis. 27, 28, June 30. 1966.

505.

PLANKTONIC FORAMINIFERA FROM THE Sbrv1ACHI
FORTvTATION, KIKAI-JI1\TA. KAGOSHIMAPREFECTURE. JAPAN*
TUNYOVv' HUANG
Institute of Geology and Paleontology. Faculty of Science,
Tohoku University, Sendai. Japan

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planktonic foraminiferal fauna and theirstratigraphic position in the Somachi
Formation of Kil(ai-jima. It is hoped·that the present report on the planktonic
foraminiferal fauna will contribute to amore satisfactory correlation and age·determination of the strata on Kikai-jimawith the late Cenozoic deposits of south-.
ern japan. Okinawa and Taiwan.

Introduction
Twenty-four rock samples for micropaleontological study were collected by
Dr. Hisao NAKAGAWA from the S6machi
Formation of Kikai-jima. Kagoshima
Prefecture, during the summers of 1963
and 1964.
On washing, all of the samples yielded
abundant and well preserved smaller
Foraminifera except four which had very
poorly preserved foraminifera or werebarren of them. In total 40 species andsubspecies of planktonic Foraminifera\vere discriminated from the washedmaterials.
The planktonic Foraminifera werechosen for the biostratigraphic study of
the Somachi Formation because of theirabundance. good preservation. value inage determination and importance forworld wide correlation.
So far as is known. this report is thefirst specifically designed to elucidate the

Acknowledgements
The writer expresses his gratitude to.
Professor Kiyoshi AsA~O of the Instituteof Geology and Paleontology, Faculty of
Science, Tohoku University for his kind
guidance and encouragement. Gratitude
is expressed to Professor Kotora HA TAIof the same Institute for reading themanuscript and valuable advice. Thanks
are due to other members of the sameInstitute. Drs. Taro KAJ>:A YA for his kindadvice and encouragement, Yokichi TA·KA YANAGI for his permission to study
his type specimens and other planktonic
Foraminifera from the Nobori Formation, Shikoku; Hisao NAKAGAWA for his* Received August 14. 1965: read June 20.
1965 at Kanazawa.

211

'218

Tunyow HUANG

valuable information on the geology ofKikai-jima, \lessrs. Hiroo NATORI and
Hiroshi NoDA for joining in discussions·on several problems.
Acknowledgment is made for the partial financial support of this investigation through a grant from the japan
Society for the Promotion of Science aspart of the japan-U.S. Cooperative
Science Program.

Geography and General Geology
Kikai-jima is an islet of the Ryukyu
Islands and is situated at about 10 kilometers east of Naze, Amamioshima and80 kilometers south of Kagoshima, Kyushu (fig. 1). The geographic positionof Kikai-jima is between Long. 129.54'
53" and 130'2'18"E .. and Lat. 28.16'13"
and 28"22'52''N. The islet is oriented

.,
N

''

... ..,

.>

:~

•lU
38:-ll5

•l!S

"'

'

-~·)

308

.,;9
:401-gI sagoEast China Sea.. oz-b

Kikai Jima

.

Q

•349

East
China ....~, 0 -.,/Sea
&Z~ .,~

./

if

-''

()

ll(u •lH-l
K ami ka h>tsu

"

I

..,
\.

Figure I.

"

0

•'

.,

if£.

!\lap showing s:1mple locations.

·~\Inde-x Map

505.

Plankto;dr; Fora.minifem from K,ikai-Jinw

approximately N 30'E. and has an areaof about 55 square kilometers. It iscovered in part by uplifted coral limestone and living coral reefs. The Somachi Formation which is newly proposedby NAKAG:\WA (1965. personal communication) is a part of the so-called
Shimajiri Formation (HA;-.;ZAWA. 1925).
The S6machi Formation is about 300
meters in thickness and overlain withunconformity by the deposits of younger
terraced coral reef limestones.
The
Somachi Formation is composed of massive greenish or bluish gray siltstones
and sandstone. sometimes intercalatedwith very thin tuffaceous layers. Descriptions on the geology of the islet
will be given by Hisao NAKAGAWA ina paper now in preparation.
Method of Study

A uniform procedure was followed for·quantitative analysis of the Foraminifera.
The samples were washed on a 200 meshscreen.
Two hundred specimens ofplanktonic and benthonic Foraminifera
were counted and picked up at random
according to the method described by
ISHIWADA (1951). and their frequency
composition was determined. Benthonicforaminifers were omitted because ofbeing out of the scope of the present\VOrk.
~laterial

Examined

The localities of the sq.mples are shown-on the map of Kikai-jima. Kagoshima
Prefectcre (Fig. 1}. The materials examined for the planktonic foraminifers
comprised 24 field samples; these wereobtained from four areas (Sadeku, Kami·
katetsu-S6machi,
Isago-Isaneku, andOn ozu) of the ~omachi Formation. The

stratigraphic positions of the samples
from the Somachi Formation are indicated on the side of the columnar section(Fig. 2J. and the lithology of these samples are given in the following chapter.
The planktonic Foraminifera are illust·
rated (see plates) and the distributionof the species is sho,vn in the chart(Table 1).
No Foraminifera were found in thesamples from Nos. 3-19 and 396, and at
Nos. 344 and 398 the samples yielded
only ill preserved specimens whose external surface was dull colored. thechamber cavities are filled with calcite
or limonite. and for such reasons they
were not subjected to identification andtherefore. omitted from the chart.
Except for the four samples mentioned
above all the others \Vithout exception
yielded more planktonic than benthonicspecies. In all of these samples theForaminifera specimens showed tests
with a fresh. lustrous appearance, \Vithpores clearly visible and the chambercavities usually empty.
All of the fossil specimens studied andfigured in the present article are deposited in the collection of the Instituteof Geology and Paleontology, Faculty of
Science. Tohoku University, Sendai, japan.

Descriptions of the Samples

The lithology of each sample and theirlocalities are as follows in ascending
stratigraphic order:
Loc. No. 337. Greenish gray, massive
sandy siltstone. with sponge spicules and " OST ".
Loc. No. 336. Yellowish brown, finegrained. massive loose sandstone.
with siliceous sponge spicules and"OST".

220

Tunyow HUAl\i'G
sOmaehiKamikatetsuulsago -lsantt"ku

m

.n,

Onozu

.,..

• 31$.

'"'

.,.,

,,.,

._

0,.

' .

~

Figure 2.

Composite stratigraphic column of the Sornachi Formation in Kikai-jirna_(after H. NAKAGAWA).

505.

Planktonic Foraminifera frMn Kikai-Jima

221

Table 1. Distribution of planktonic Foraminifera from the Somachi Formation.
Key: Numbers represent percent of total planktonic population.
SomachiFormation-----

Sample :\umber
Planktonl·c populatJ'on(in per gram)-Bo/1~~~~~-~s-i___~· ~~J~~ 2__ 1 ~0~!~~0 j:J

1 Ml
~

M

M

M

,,.
M

___:: _

~ ~

~~ ~

C

M!J

C

~

~

N mi-INI=:~IM

~

~

~

M

M

M:

I oo. ~o ~ oo ,=-·I o..... "'_,. ~,. = ....,"''1-- 00
~ ~
-; ~
C>
N 1
~I
1 -I
I ....

I S:

~

~

0

~

~

-=

s •---;;;-~~~
001~ ~~~ ~ 8.
1 1 ~M"',---;;;-=-=1=-,=-~--~-=--- _{=~~-

----

00
M

~

~1 Ml M~ ~

M

.,.

M

I

Candeinii-- 1
1
II
nitida1:
1'__ _Globigerina
aperturaI I 31 6 6 •I 9 3
3 -1
I
3 2 ) 2,bu/loides
decoraperta
81'II
31 5 10 6 5 2 4 2 7 11 71 8 5 5.
diplostoma
6 3· 6 3 6 3 5 z 3
6 z 13I
6! 2·
joliata8?'1
3~3' 2. 3 1 6 4 6 3' 3 12 4
incompta
1
pachyderma
2 1 31 2
2
1·
1
3 1
I
I ;)'
11
quinque/ oba
1
11
1'
3 ~ 1 I 1 1, 5 8 1 I 5 1.
woodi
2.-~1 _1_ _ _ _ :J, 9. 1
z· 6 5 3 1 ! 8:
Globigeriiiita
26
9
23,
151
13;
20
31
14
20
-;8
d 51! 47
nlutinatahumilis
1
2
1
3
1 1
, 4
1 5
2: s 5
uvula
1
I
I
'
I
I
1
Globigerinoides
1·
2
1
3· z
1 - ---;~- 2--r~~congl obatus
cyclostomus
1 5 3
I 2
2
I
I!
2
I
elongatus
1
1
1
immalurus
11
il 1
obliquus
1
1
52
1
1
1
I
ruber
14 191 1-1 14 6 8 7 8' 10 13 14 4 10 8 3 8 6 12•
1
sacculifer
3 1 4 3 3 1 1
3 4 2 3I
4sacculifer fist ulosus
trilobus
5_2
4
8 3 3 4 2 2 4
GloboquadrinaII
81 3' 8 s 7 7 4 8 9dutertrei
3 _s _'l _2,_! E~
1
GLOborotalia
3 5 2 6 2 1i 4·
crassaformis
2. 4 1:
2 1: 4hirsuta
l
I
1
I
I
1 1
1 11
1
menardii menardii
1 1
I
3 6
6 2
3
5 2 1 5 1 1
menardii multicamerata
I
I
2
2
2,
I 3
I 1 1 I.
menardii tumida
3• 31 3 ·I2
4 4 11t:
2 2
tosaensis
!
1:
1i
I
li
I
.
truncatulinoides
1 5 2
li
I
Hastigerina - - - - - - - I
II24siphonifera
2 3. 1 2 3 1,
4 2 1
Orbzi!illa___ -- - - - - - - - - 17 - -~~~-li
universa
1 1 1' 1 9 2 1 2
1 3
PulleniaiiiliiliiI
obliquiloculata
c! 7.
7 2
3
1 - ~-----~_I
SphaeroidinellaI
3 2 3 2dehiscens1
2
1I 2
3: 2 2 1j---,--1I
Subbotina
falconensis
6 2 4 2 3 3
2 1 1 _I_-- 5 5 __], 1 3;
TurborotaliaI3-t1 6 42 1
4 2 2 2
acostaensis
injlata
7 3 5,
24
12 24 13 5
1 2 1 301
obesa
1
1
1
2 1
I
•
scitular _ _.__ 1
1
I
I 1:
1 1
1

! ~

~

1

2

~ ~

'I

-1~ ~111~0-~~~51

1

1

1

1

1

1

~

1

~~

1

!1 51 ~ j _5

1

1

1

1 tl z: f f.
~---;1-9
1! -11

t

~- i

l

~

1

~~

1

-

1

1

1

~:

1

1

4!-l--;:·-1--;·11

1~1-= =~----=~-

1

-,-1
1

-I-;!

- - - -

1

1

1

___

222

Tunyow HUAJYG

Loc. No. 331-1. Pale yellowish to palegreenish gray silstone. with siliceous sponge spicules and "OST ".
Loc. No. 334-2. Greenish gray mudstone. with siliceous sponge spi ·cutes and "OST ".
Loc. No. 349. \Vhitish gray massive
siltstone. barren of fossils.
Lor. ~o. 3-1'1. Yellowish brown. finegrained loose sandstone, with al·cyonarian skeletes, fragments of
crab. and molluscan shells.
Loc. No. 340. Greenish gray. massi,·e
sandy siltstone. with fish otoliths.
siliceous sponge spicules and"OST".
Loc. No. 402-a. Dark bluish gray, fine·grained. massive loose sandstone.
wi Lh si liccous sponge spicules,
echinoderm spicules and ·· OST ".
Loc. No. ·102-b. Greenish gray. mas·sive sandy siltstone, with siliceoussponge spicules and " OST ...
Loc. No. ·101-b. Greenish gray sandy
siltsone. with Ostracoda. siliceoussponge spicules, fragments of mol·luscan shells and "OST ".
Loc. No. 401-a. Greenish brown. fine·grained. massive loose sandstone,
with siliceous spicules, Bryozoa,
Ostracoda and ·· OST ".
Loc. No. 398. Greenish gray, massive
sandy siltstone. with siliceoussponge spicules.
Loc. No. 363. Pale greenish graymudstone, with siliceous sponge
spicules and "OST ".
Loc. No. 364-a. Pale greenish gray.
massive siltstone. with siliceoussponge spicules and ·· OST ".
Loc. No. 36·1-b. Yellowish brown, finegrained, massive loose sandstone.
barren of fossils.
Lor. No. 362.
Pale greenish graysiltstone. with siliceous sponge
spicules and Radiolaria.

Loc. No. 399. Greenish gray, massive
sandy siltstone. with siliceoussponge spicules and "OST ".
Loc. No. 361. Pale yellowish to palegreenish gray. massive sandy silt·stone, with siliceous sponge spicules and " OST ".
Loc. No. 392. Pale yellowish siltstone,
with siliceous sponge spicules and"OST".
Loc. l\o. 396. Yellowish brown, finegrained, massive loose sandstone,
with siliceous sponge spicules.
Loc. No. 385. Yellowish brown, finegrained. massive loose sandstone,
with Ostracoda.
Loc. No. 383. Yellowish brown, finegrained, massive loose sandstone.
Loc. No. 384. Greenish gray massive
sandy siltsotone, with siliceoussponge spicules.
Loc. No. 409. Greenish gray, massive
siltstone, with Radiolaria, siliceoussponge spicules and "OST ".
"OST ''=Abbreviation for a peculiar
radiolarian fossil which will be
described in an article now in
preparation.

Faunal Consideration
The planktonic Foraminifera examined
comprise three families (LOEBRICII andTAPPA!\, 1964!. 12 genera, and ·10 species,
and many of the species are identicalwith those commonly found in the late
Tertiary sediments and Recent depositsof the Pacific region. Table 1 shows
the stratigraphic distribution and rela·tive abundance based on percentageabundance count per sample of thespecies discriminated from the SOmachi
Formation.
Although the compositions of each
assemblages differ somewhat from one·

505.

Planktonic Fomrninifem from Ki.kai-Jima

another, they may be considered as afauna representing one and the samegeologic age.
The planktonic assemblages from theS6machi Formation, with the exceptionof those from samples Loc. Nos. 3!9, 396.
311, and 398 are well presen;ed. The
assemblages are characterized, in general.
by large populations of planktonic Foraminifera and rare benthonic ones (Table
1 and Fig. 3). The planktonic Foraminifera found in abundance in the samples
from the S6machi Formation show that.
during the deposition. the ecologicalconditions favored their flourishing.
tvlany of the late Tertiary and Recent
species of the Pacific Islands. as well as
those of the late Tertiary of japan, Okinawa. Taiwan and the Philippines are
represented in the fauna. With concern
to the S6machi fauna (Table 1). theForaminifera from the Chiayi Formation of the Peikang PK-3 Well of
the Peikang Shelf (1-IUAXG. 1963). theTakangkou Formation and Chimei Formation in the Sanhsien-chi section ofeastern Taiwan (HUANG. 1964) and the
Liuchiuhsu 1\ludstone of Liuchiuhsu off
the southwestern coast of Taiwan (HuANG. 1960} are recorded in the present
article because of their intimate relation
therewith. The majority of the species
from the S6machi Formation are identical with those from the Nobori Formation of Shikoku which T AKAY AKAGI and
SAITO (1962) reported, except for somethat are restricted to the l'vliocene. Closeaffinity of the Somachi fauna with thatof the Takanabe Formation of Kyushu
is evident.
The S6machi fauna should be distinguished from the Globigerina nepenthes.
Globoquadrina altispira and Sphaeloidinelopsis seminulina bearing rocks of theTaiw·an-Kyushu region. because it iscomposed of planktonic Foraminifera

223'

much younger than the Sphaeroidine/ladelziscens-Sphaeroidinella seminulina subdehiscens zone described by BAt\DY (196,1).
In the Lower Pliocene according to
BA:\DY (1964) there is a definite directionin the coiling of the Foraminifera whorls.
And this is established evidence for age
determination of a fauna. The coilingdirection is determined to be right-handed
or dextral when viewed from the dorsal
side. the chambers being added in aclockwise direction. and left-hand or
sinistrial when the chambers are addedin counterclockwise direction.
Globigerina incompta, Globigerina pachyderma,
Globorotalia hirsuta. Globorotalia menardii
menardii, Globorotalia menadii multicamerata. Globorotalia scitula, Globorotalia
tosaensis. and Globoquadrina dutertrei
show right coiling and Globorotalia injlata, Globorotalia crassaformis. Globorotalia menardii tumida. Globorotalia truncatulinoides. and Pulleniatina obliquiloculata show left coiling of the whorls.
The results of the present study coincidein general with those obtained by BANDY,
1964; BELFORD, 1963 ; ERICSON et a/ ..
1961; and TAKAYAMA, 1962. MS., etc. It
is considered that the foraminiferal
fauna of the Somachi Formation is early
Pliocene in age as stated later.

Geologic Age of the Fauna
and Correlation
The planktonic foraminiferal fauna of
the S6machi Formation is characteristicof the Pliocene sediments of southern
Kyshu. Okinawa and Taiwan.
The planktonic formainiferal assemblages examined by the writer from theS6machi Formation in Kikai-jima are
not older than the Pliocene and are probably equivalent to the lower Pliocene
Miaoli Group of Taiwan.

:224

Tunyow HUANG

Many of the species identified in theassemblage are unknown below the Pliocene.
The occurrence of Globlgerillaquinqueloba, Globorotalia injlata and Globorotalia tnmcatulinoides substantiates
the assignn1ent of an age not older than
the Pliocene.
All the planktonic species found in thesamples from the SOmachi Formation
have also been reported from the Plio·cene formations of the Pacific Island.
The characteristic species of wide distribution in the Pacific area are Globlgerinoides sacculifer fisiulosus and Globoro.talia menardii multicamerata which occur
frequently in the Somachi Formation.
As already mentioned the change to left
·coiling in Pulleniatina obliquiloculata andto right coiling in Globorotalia menardii.menardii, indicate a definite horizon in
the lower Pliocene according to BANDY(Op. cit.).
Based on the studies of the late Tertiary planktonic foraminiferal faunas
from southwest japan. Okinawa, Taiwan,
Philippines, Java, Borneo, Sumatra, and
New Guinea, and the analysis of the.,....
(•/.)

100

8
6

(")

M

N
(0

M
M

0

~ ~
(")

..., 0

M

M

~

M

c.!.
0

planktonic foraminiferal fauna composition, coiling direction and population of
the Somachi Formation, it is concluded
that the planktonic foraminiferal faunaof the Somachi is lower Pliocene in age.
The foraminiferal fauna of the Somachi Formation can be correlated withthose from the upper part of the Takanabe
Formation of southern Kyushu, the Shinzato !'vlember of the Shimajiri Formationof southern Okinawa, the lower part ofthe \liaoli Group of Taiwan, the Panoran~vludstone of southern Iloilo, Philippines,
the lower Kalibeng beds of Bodjonegoro,java. and the Kalea Formation on theisland of Siberoet off the west coastof Sumatra, and further, it is judged
to correspond roughly to h stage ofIndonesia and the Opoitian stage of
New Zealand (1-loRNIBIWOK, 1958) .
Remarks on the BenthonicForaminifera
Although the benthonic Foraminifera
do not form the purpose of the present
study, it may be worthwhile to present
0

.0

0

N

..L .!.

0

0

0

(0

~

~

~

M

.0
I

(")

J

N

en

..., ..., M ...,
(0

(0

C1)

<D

p L A N KT0 N I c

N

en

C1)

0

(\')

~

Ll)

...,

en

CX>

...,

(\')

20
40

4

2
~~~~~~--~~~--r-~~~-T~--r-~~--~00(•/.)
Figure 3. Cumulative percentage of Foraminifera from the SOmachi Formation.

505.

J>lnnktowic Forami1i.ifem from Kikai-Jimct

a general aspect of the ones found in
the samples from the S6machi Formation.
The actual count of the individuals ofplanktonic and benthonic Foraminiferafrom the Somachi Formation in termsof percentage is shown in Figure 3.
In composition the benthonic population does not differ much from sample
to sample. Qualitatively, most of thespecies fall in the Lagenidae, Cassidul·
inidae. Uvigerinidae. Bolibinidae, Bulimi·
nidae. Rotaliidae. Representatives of the
Miliolidae and Textularidae are rare. A
few specimens of !lmphistegina were
found in the sample from Loc. No. 361.
The benthonic foraminiferal faunafrom the Somachi Formation as a wholeshows striking resemblance with thefauna reported by OI:-<OMIKADO (1955)
and by the writer (1957 and 196tli fromthe formations of the lower part of the
Miaoli Group in southern and eastern
Taiwan. The benthonic fauna resembles
the one from the Shinzato ~!ember of
Shimajiri Formation reported by LEROY(196·1) and the upper part of the i\'liyazaki Group of Kyushu recorded by\~lURA L\ (1952).
So far as can be judged from the assemblage of the benthonic Foraminifera. theSomachi Formation was deposited under
the influence of moderately warm waterat moderate depths in the open sea.
Associated with the benthonic Forami.nifera are the remains of Ostracoda. fish
otoliths, Bryozoa, l~adiolaria. echinoid
spines. coral (Alcyonarian skeletons\,
siliceous sponge spicules. fragments ofminute molluscan shells and a peculiar
radiolarian fossil which will be describedin a paper now in preparation.
Remarks on the Paleoecology of
the Planktonic Foraminifera of
the Somachi Formation

225

The planktonic foraminiferal fauna of
the SOma chi Formation are represent·
ative of warm to temperate water similar
to the present day seas of the areastudied. The ecological studies on planktonic Foraminifera have progressed
rapidly during the past ten years, but
unfortunately, the knowledge on the
Recent fauna is inadequate for interpretation of the paleoecology, and, as alreadypointed out by PARKER (1960). "nothing
further can be said until more is known
about the habits of the planktonic
foraminifera". However, a few remarks
with concern to geographic distributionof certain species can be given. Globi·
gcrinoide:; :;acculijer jislulosus originallydescribed from the Sandwich Islands of
the Bismarck-Archipelago by SCHliBERT.
does not extend its distribution very far
north lTODD, 1964). Globigerina pachyderma and Globigerina lwmilis are fairly
common in the Somachi Formation but
they have never been reported from thevicinity of 1\.ikai-jima either living or
fossil. Globigerinila glutinata is morecommon, but it seems to be restricted
to the upper 50 meters in depth \SMITH,
1963; CIFELI.I, 1961).
The data given above, although inadequate suggest that the S6machi plank·
tonic population is composed of species
transported by the warm and the coolcurrents. In other words. although, it
may be inferred that the Somachi Formation was mostly influenced by the paleoKuroshio Current but the southward
extension of the ancient Oyashio Current
may have reached the area also.
According to Bf: (1960 and 1965), Sphaeroidinella does noL live in waters shallower than about 300 meters, and it isprobably rare even in basins not much
deeper than 300 meters. From the depth
range of that genus and its occurrencein the Somachi Formation, it is inferredTun yow H u~tNG

226

that a deep basin existed in Kikai-jimaduring the deposition of that formation.
The planktonic population is represnted
in terms of its percentage to the entire
foraminiferal population of each sample(Fig. 3) and is treated as a separated
group for comparison with the benthonicpopulation. And. according to WALLER
and PoLSKI (1959), there is an increasein the percentage of planktonic Foraminifera with depth. From the above
it is concluded that the Somachi Formation was deposited in a moderately deep
open sea of temperate to subtropicalenvironment.
List of Foraminifera of theSomachi Formation

The planktonic species are listed inalphabetic order ·with their original references and remarks are given necessary.
All the species are illustrated in theannexed plates and taxonomic notes areincluded for some species.
Bolliella adamsi (BANNER and BLOW). pl.
28, fig. 23. (Ha:;tigerina (Bolliella) adamsi
BANNER and BLOW. 1959, Palaeont., vo/.
2, pt. 1, p. 13. text-fig. 4). TODD (1963)
expressed that Globigerina digitata
BRADY is a synonym of Hastigerinaadamsi BA~NER and BLOW.
Candeina nitida n'ORBIGNY. pl. 28. fig. 25.
(D'ORIHGNY, 1839. in de Ia Sagra, Hist.
Phys. Pol. Nat. Cuba. ·• Foraminiferes"p. 108, pl. 2. figs. 27 and 28). Candeina
nitida is one of the less common species.
and has been found in only three ofthe samples from Kikai-jima.
Globigerina apertura Cusn:--1 AN. pl. 28, fig.
12. (CUSH1\!A!\. 1918. U.S. Geol. Surv ..
Bull. 676, p. 57. pl. 12. fig. 8). In Kikai-jima. G. apertura was found only
in four samples all of which belong
to the lower part of the Somachi

Formation. The specimens from theSomachi Formation coincide with
Cusm,IAN's figured holotype. describedfrom the I\liocene of Virginia. U.S. A
Globigaina bulluides o'ORBIG:\Y. pl. 28,
t1g. 1. (D'ORHIGNY. 1826. Ann. Sci. Nat.,scr. 1. vo/. 7, p. 277. Modeles. no. 76).
The specimens from the S6machi
Formation are considered to be identical with PARKER's figures of thespecies from the South Pacific (1962).
Clobigerina decoraperta TAKA YANAGI and
SAITO. pl. 28. flgs. 16. 21. 27. (Globigerina
druryi AKERS decorapcr/a TAKAYA!\AGl
and SAITO, 1962. Tolwlw Unir .. Sci.
Rcpt. 2nd scr .. Sp. Vol. p. 85. pl. 28.
fig. 10). G. decoraperta occurs frequently in the majority of the samples
examined. TAKA YA?\AGI and SAITO
tl962) figured one specimen from the
1'vliocene Nobori Formation of Shikoku,
Japan. The \vriter follows SAITO (1963)
and PARKER (1964) in rising decoraperta
to specific rank. PARKER pointed outthat the species is very variable inmorphological characters, and under
the circumstances, TAKAYANAGI and
SAITO's G. uepentlzes (1962, pl. 26. figs.
2a-c) becomes a synonym of this species.
Some specimens from the S6machi
Formation have an elongated final
chamber such as is seen in C. nepenthes
Tonn. and some are similar to G. tenera
which was described from the Pacificby PARKER.
Globigerina diplos/oma REuss. pl. 28. fig.
9. tREuss. 1850, /Jenkschr. Akad. Wiss.,
Vi en. l'ol. 1, p. 373, pl. 117, figs. 9, 10,
pl. ·18. fig. 1.
GlolJigerina folia/a Bou.1. pl. 28. fig. 2.
(BOLLI. 1957. U.S. j\lat. ,Hus., IJull. 215,
p. 111. pl. 24. fig. 1). The writer's
specimens are slightly smaller than
the typical ones.
Globigerina incompta CIFELLI. pl. 27, figs.
3. 7, 14. (CIFELLI, 1961, Cushman Found.

505.

Planktonic Foraminifem fi'Ont Kilwi-Jima

Foram. Res .. Contr. rol. 12, pt. 3. p.
83-86, pl. 4. figs. 1-7). Generally. awell-defined lip is present. Often afifth chamber is seen in various stagesof development. This appears to be
derived from the lip and often takes
the appearance of a porch over theumbillical area. This form includes
S:-.IITH's Globigerina pachyderma-eggeri
type (1963). which is stated to be mostabundant among the surface samples
reported by him.
Globigerina pachydenna (EHRE!\BERGL pl.
27. figs. 6, 10. (Aristerospira pachyderma
EHRE~BERG. 1861, K
Preuss. Akad.
Wiss. Berlin, Monatsber, p. 276. 277,
303; 1873, pl. 1. fig. 4). Globigerina
pachyderma from the Somachi Formation. is a warm·\vater form as described by PARKER from the South Pacific.
Globigerina quinqelo/Ja NATLAND. pl. 27.
fig. 16. (NATLAND, 1938, UniF. California, Scripps [nst. Oceanogr., Bull ..
Tech. ser .. vol. 4, no. 5. p. H9, pl. 6, fig.
7). The only difference observed compared with the type desribed by
NATLAND is that frequently the lip
over the aperture is absent, having
been either broken or not developed.
Young specimens (without aberant
chamber) are difficult to separate from
Globigerina angustiumbillicata.
Globigerina woodi JENKIXS. pl. 28. fig. 5.
(JENKINS, 1960. Micropaleont., vol. 6,
no. 4, p. 352. pl. 2. fig. 2).
Globigerinita glutinata (EGGER). pl. 28,
fig. 22. (Globigerina glutinata EGGER.
1893, Abhandl. K. Bayer. Akad. lViss ..
Mii11chen. CUI, vol. 18. pt. 2, p. 371.
pl. 13, figs. 19-21). G. glutinata isabundant in the samples examined.
Most of the specimens are with anumbilical cover-plate (bulla). which isvariable. In this paper Globigerinita
is used for the modern form, which
includes forms with or without the227

bullae and with or without secondary
apertures at the spiral side.
Globigerinita lwmilis (BRADY). pl. 27. figs.
2, 12. tTnuzcatulina humilis BRADY,
1884, Rept. Foy. Challenger. Zoo/. vol.
9, p. 665. pl. 94, fig. 7). The specimensof G. humilis from the Somachi Forma·tion show two kinds of wall structure.
l\•lost of the specimens have the wallfinely perforate and a few specimensshow densely perforate wall.
The
surface of the test is finely and sparse·
ly hispid.
Globigerinita uvula (EHRE!\BERG). pl. 28,
fig. 6. (Py/odoxia urula EHRENBERG.
1861. K Preuss Akad. Wiss. Berlin,
A!onalsber., p. 276, 277. 308; 1873. pl. 2,
figs. 24 and 25). The specimens of thisspecies were found only in sample No.
337. The \vriter's specimens differ
from the ones figured from the Pacificby PARKER (1962). by being slightly
shorter.
Globigennoides conglobatus (BRADY). pl.
28, figs. 18. 19. (Globigenna conglobata
BRADY, 1879. Quart. jour. Alicr. Sci., n.
ser .. vol. 19. p. 286, 1884, Rept. lfoy.
Challenger, Zoo/.. uol. 9. pl. 80. figs.
1-5; pl. 82, fig. 5).
Globigerinoides cyclostomus (GALLOWAY
and WISSLER). pl. 28, fig. 13. (Globigerina
cyclostomus GALLOWAY and WISSLER,
1927, jour. Pal., vol. 1, no. 1, p. 42, pl.
7, figs. 8 and 9).
Globigeriuoides elongatus (D'ORBIGNY). pl.
28. fig. 14. (Globigerina elongata
n'ORBIGNY, 1826, Ann. Sci .•"'lat., ser. 1,
vol. 7, p. 277).
Globigerinoides inmwturus LEROY. pl. 28,
figs. 15, 20. (Globigerinoides saccul(ferus(RRADY) var. immatura LEROY. Naturk.
Tijdschr. IVederl. Jnderl. Indie, vol. 99.
no. 6. p. 263, pl. 3, figs. 19-21).
Globigerinoides obliquus BOLLI. pl. 28,
fig. 10. (BOLLI, 1957. U.S. Nat. A'!us.,
Bull. 215, p. 113. pl. 25. figs. 9 and228

Tnnyow !lUANG

10). G. ohliquus is rare in the samples
from the SiJmachi Formation: theobserved forms are all as high-spiredas the paratype figured by BOLLI(1957),
but the primary and supplementary
apertures are smaller than the holotype
and paratype.
Globigerinoides ruber (D'0R131G:\Y). pl. 28,
fig. 11. (Gfobigerina ruber o'ORBIG~Y).
1839, in de Ia Sagra, Hist. Pll)'s. Pol.
Nat. Cuba. " Foramni[eres ··, p. 82, pl.
4. figs. 12-14\. G. ruber is frequent inmost of the samples examined. PARKER(1962J based on his study of the South
Pacific specimens divided the species
into three groups.
The specimensfrom the Somachi Formation are of thecold-water type discussed by PARKER.
Globigerinoides sacculifer (BRADY). pl.
28.
fig.l.
(Globigerinasacculi/era
BRADY. 1877. Ceo/. Mag., 11. ser .. dec.
2. vol. 4, no. 12. p. 535; figure in 188-l.
Rept. Voy. Challenger, Zoo/., vol. 9. p,
604. pl. 80. figs. 11-17. pl. 82. fig. 4).
In this paper G ..~acculifer is used formodern forms with or without thesaclike final chamber and includes G.
sacculifer irregularis LEROY.
Glohigerinoides
sacculzfer
fistulosus(SCHUBERT). pl. 28, f1gs. 17. 30. (Globi·
gerina jistulosa SCHUBERT, 1910. Geol.
Reichsanst. Verk., Wien., no. J.J. p.
324. fig. 2). A review of the geographic
distribution of this species has been de·scribed and discussed by many authors(TODD. 196·1). The species probably
evolved from G. saccullfer within theearly Pliocene. This variety, whichis rarely found in the Somachi Formation is of the typical form. It was
first described from the Bismark
Archipelago by SCHUBERT. The known
records of this subspecies were listedby TonD who gave discussions concerning it. The majority of the recordsof this form are from the Pliocene.

BRAMLETTE, FAUGHN and HURLEY(1959. p. 15o0-l) have pointed out thatthe common occurrence of G. jistulosus
may indicate the Pliocene.
Globigerinoides trilobus (REuss). pl. 28,
fig. 8. (Globigerina triloha REUSS, 1850,
K Akad. Wiss. ll'ien., Math-Nat. Cl.,
Denksclzr., vol. 1, p. 3"L pl. 47, fig. 11).
Globoquadrina dutertrei (D'0RBIGNY). pl.
27. figs. 22, 23. (Globigerina dutertrei
o'ORBIG:\Y, 1839, in de Ia Sagra. His!.
Phys. Pol. Nat. Cuba. ·· Foramini/eres ",p. 84. pl. 4. figs. 19-21). This species
is common in the samples from theS6machi Formation. G. dutertrei which
PARKER (1962) reports from the South
Pacific. may belong to the genus Globoquadrina because it has a coarsely
pitted wall and well developed umbili·
cal teeth. The writer has not observed
specimens of G. dutertrei with umbili·
cal teeth from either Taiwan or Kikaijima (specimens are all in good preser·
vation).
Globorotalia crassaformis (GALLOWAY and\\'JSSLER). pl. 27, figs. 9. 20. (Globigerina
crassaformis GALLOWAY and .WISSLER,
1927. ]our. Pal., vol. 1, p. '11, pl. 7, fig.
12). The present species from theSomachi Formation has a rather similarity to the one figured by PARKE!{
from the Pacific (1962). It includes
Globorotalia cf. oceanica form (TAKA·
YA:\AGI and SAITO, 1962 and SAITO,
1963) as its synonym.
Globorotalia lzirsuta (D'ORBIGNY). pl. 27,
fig. 4. (Rota/ina hirsuta D'ORHIGNY,
1839, in Barker-Webb and Berthelot,
Hist. Nat. Jes. Canaris, "Foramini·
jeres", uol. 2, pt. 2, p. 131, pl. 1, figs.
37-39).
Globorotalia menardii menardii (D'OR·
BIG~Y). pl. 28, fig. 26. (Rotalia menardii
n'ORBIG~Y. 1826, Ann. Sci. Nat., ser. 1,
rol. 7. p. 273, no. 26 ; :\lodeles no. 10).
G. menardii menardii and G. menardii

505.

Flanldonic F'omminifem .fl'om 1\.ika'i-.!inw

tumida found in the Somachi Formation
have quite different coiling-direction.
Globorotalia
menardiimulticamerata
CUSHMAN and ]AHVIS. pl. 28. figs. 24.
32. (CUSH!I!AN and JARVIS. 1930. ]ow·.
Pal .. l'ol. 4. p. 367, pl. 34. fig. 8). Com·
mon in the Somachi Formation. Typical specimens of G. menardii multicamerata occur in considerable numbersin the assemblages. and some seem tobe similar to G. menardii fi.iiensis
CUSH:\IAN.
Globorotalia menardii tumida (BRADY).
pl. 28. fig. 31. (Pulvinulina menardii(n'ORmGNY) var. lumida BRADY. 1877,
Ceo/. A!ag., 11. ser .. dec. 2. rol. 4, no.
12. p. 535; fig. in BRADY. 1884. Rept.
Voy. Challenger, Zoo/., rot. 9. p. 692,
pl. 103. figs. 4-6).
Globorotalia tosaensis TAKA YANAGI and
SAITO. pl. 27. figs. 5, 15. (TAKAYANAGI
and SAITO. 1962. Toholw Unir•., Sci.
Rep/., 2nd ser. Spec. llol. p. 81. pl. 28.
figs. 1 L-12). G. tosaensis was firstdescribed by TAKAYANAGI and SAITO
from the upper l\liocene Nobori Formation of Shikoku, Japan. As a resultof the discussion with TAKAYANAGI,
the writer here proposes the lineage G.
crassajormis-G. tosaensis-G. truncatulinoides based upon study and comparison of their type specimens in theInstitute of Geology and Paleontology,
Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.
Whatever the origin of these forms
may be, they have considerable stratigraphical value. G. crassaformis occurs
in the older samples and is associatedwith G. tosaensis. In younger samples(I-lUANG, 1964) G. tosaensis occurs with
G. lruncatulinoides. These latter two
have not been observed in strata
higher than the Pliocene in Japan andTaiwan. G. tosaensis has not beenreported in deposits earlier than the
G. wltrata cultrata-Globigerina nepen-229

thes Zone. In addition. the two species
have different coiling-direction distributions in the S6machi Formation.
Globorotalia truncatulin oides (o'ORBIGNY).
pl. 27. fig. 18, (Nota/ina truncatulinoides
n'ORBIGNY. 1839, in Barker-\"lebb andBerthelot. Hist. Nat-, !les Canaries.
"Foraminiferes ", vol. 2. pt. 2, p. 132,
pl. 2, figs. 25-27).
Hastigerina siphollljera (o'ORBIGISY). pl.
28. figs. 28. 29. (Globigerina siphonifera
D'ORIGNY. 1839. in de Ia Sagra His/.
Phys. Pol. Nat. Cuba. "Foraminijh-es ...
p. 83. pl. 4. figs. 15-18). The specimens
studied are juveniles to adults. In allcases the young stages are planispiral.
It is difficult to distinguish the juvenile
forms from G. obesa (BOLLI). The
earliest occurrence known to the writeris the middle lVIiocene Peikang Forma·tion of Taiwan.
Orbulina uniz:ersa o'ORBIG:\'Y. pl. 27, fig.
24. (o'ORRIGNY. 1839. in de Ia Sagra.
/-list. Phys. Pol. Nat. Cuba. "Foramini/eres ... p. 3, pl. 1. fig. 1). The present
specimens are all well developed. ofthe monothalamous type and thediameter is commonly up to 1 mm or
more.
Pulleniatina obliquiloculata (PARKER and]ONES). pl. 27. fig. 19. (Pullenza sphaeroides (o'OHBIGNY) ...-ar. obliqzriloculata
PARKER and ]OISES. 1865, Roy. Soc.
London, Phil. Tra11s .. uol. 155. p. 365.
and 368. pl. 19. fig. 4).
Splzaeroidinel/a dehiscens (PARKER and]ONES). pl. 27. fig. 1. (Sphaeroidina
bulloidaes n'ORBIG?\Y var. dehiscens
PARKER and ]01\ES. 1865, Roy. Soc.
Lodon, Phil. Trans .. vo/. 155. p. 369.
pl. 19. fig. 5). In this paper Sphaeroidinella dehiscens is used for the modern
form with or without the cortex as
mentioned by Bf: (1965).
Subbotina falconensis (BLOW). pl. 28, fig.
3. (Globigerina falconensis Br.ow. 1959.

2:30

11tnyow HUANG

Bull. Amer. Paleonl .. 11ol. 39. 110. 178.
pl. 9. tlgs. •10 and ·!1). The S6machi
form of this species closely resembles
PARKER's figures of the species fromthe Recent sediments of the Pacific11962). C: falcone11si~ from the S6machi
Formation appears to be slightly morecompressed. with a more lobulated
periphery and a more open umbilicus
compared with the type. The final
chamber is almost invariably smaller
than the penultimate one. and theaperture is lo\v arched with a broadlip.
Turborotalia acostaensis {BL0\\'1. pl. 27.
figs. 8, 11. (Globorotalia acostaensis
Br.o"'· 1959. Amer, Pal .. Bull. 39, no.
11'8. p. 208-210, pl. 17, figs. 106-107).
Globigerina acostaensis was first descri-

bed by BLOw from Pozon. The Kikaijima specimens. the writer believes,are identical with G. acostaensis. The
writer's specimens compare excellently with BLO\\"s figured holotype,described from the t-.liocene of Venezuela. This species shows t~·picallythe fairly rapidly enlarging spire, the11-13 chambers composing the spire,
and the 5-6 chambers of the lastwhorl. The last chamber is much
reduced in size compared with its
predecessor. and is occasionally some'what displaced towards the umbilicalside. The spiral side is almost flat.
or occasionally slightly concave due tothe in!lated nature of the· chambers of
the last whorL The aperture has adistinct lip.

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~--------~-~-

Explanation of Plate 27
Fig: l. Sphaei"oidinella dehiscens (PARKER and Jmms). From sample no. 365. x26.
Figs. 2a-b. Globigerinita humilis (BRADY). From sample no. 401-b. x55.
Figs. 3a-b. Globigerina incompta CIFELLI. From sample ho. 401-a. x 50.
Figs. 4a-b. Globorotalia hirsuta (o'ORBIG:->Y). From sample· 334-1. x 50.
Figs. 5a-b. Globorotalia tosaensis TAKA YA:->AGI and SAITO. From sample no. 392. x 50.
Fig. 6. Globigerina pachyderma (EHRENBERG). From sample no. 362. x50.
Fig. 7a-b. Globigerina incompta CIFELLI. From sample no. 399. x50.
Fig .. 8. Turborotalia acostaensis (BLow). From sample no. 364-a. x 50.
Figs. 9a-b. Globorotalia crassaformis (GALLOWAY and ·wi;;sLER). From sample no. 399. x 50.
Figs. lOa-b. Globigerina pachyderm a (EHRE:->BERG). From sample no. 336. x 55.
Figs. lla-b. Turborotalia acostaensis (BLow). From sample no. 33-l-2. x 50.
Figs. 12a-b. Globigerinita lwmilis (BRADY). From sample no: 362. ·X 110.
Figs. 13a-b. Turborotalia scitula (BRADY). From sample no. 383. x40.
Fig. 1-l. Globigerina incompta CIFELLI. From sample no. 362. x34.
Figs. 15a-c. Globorotalia tosaensis T.-\Ki\ YA:-;l,GI and SAITO. From sample no. 392. x 50.
Figs. 16a-b. Globigerina quinqueloba NATLA:->D. From sample no. 399. x 100.
Figs. 17a-b. Turborotalia scitula (BR.-\DY). From sample no. 340. x50.
Figs. 18a-b. Globorotalia trzwcatulinoides (D'ORBIG"Y). From sample no. 33·1-2. x50.
Figs. 19a-b. Pulleniatina obliquilowlata (PAI~KER and Jo:-;Es). Fro.m sample no. 336. x50.
Figs. 20a-c. Globorotalia crtissafonnis (GALLOW.-\Y and 'VIssLER). From sample no. 399. x"4o.
Figs. 2la-c. Turborotalia inflata (o'ORBIG:->Y). From sample no. 392. x 100.
Figs. 22a-b. Globoquadrina dutert1·ei (o'ORBIG:'\Y). From sample no. 364-a. x40.
Figs. 23a-c. Globoquadrina dutertrei (o"ORBIG:'\Y). From sample no. 365. x 55.
Fig. 24. Orbulina universa o'ORBIG:"Y. From sample no. 399. x 40.
Figs. 25a-c. Turborotalia inflata (o'OROJGXY). From sample no. 365. x 50.

HUANG ;Somachi Planktonic Foraminifera

Plate 27.)();).

l'lanktonic Foraminife·ra fnnn J(i./wi-.Jima

Turborotalia inft.ala (D'ORBIGNY). pl. 27.
figs. 21. 25. (Globigerina infiata n'OR·
BIG:\Y, 1839.· in 11arker-\\"ebh and Berthelot. His/ . .Val. les Canaries . .. Foraminiferes ". rot. :!. pt. :!, p. 134. pl. 2,
figs. 7-9). This species occurs comonly
in most of the samples examined. The
specimens coincide with the typicalform, and therefore AsA:\o's form
(1957) and WALLER and PoLSKI's form
(1959. pl. 10. fig. 2) are placed in thesynonymy of this specific name in thispaper. According to SAITO (1963:. thisspecies is known only from the Plioceneof the Kakegawa district, Japan.
GEIGER (1962) reported this species
from a lower Pliocene formation of
Taranaki Province. New Zealand.
CHA::\G (1960. Table 1) pointed out thatthe species if found in beds of both
Pliocene and Pleistocene age in Taiwan.
The occurrence of it in the Liuchiuhsu!vludstone (Pliocene) (HuANG. 1960), andTakangkou and Chimei Formations(HUA:-\G. 1964) of Taiwan are confirmedby the writer.
Turborotalia obesa (BOLLI). pl. 28. fig. 7.
(Globorotalia obesa BoLLI, 1957, U.S.
Nat. Mus., Bull. 215. no. 5, p. 119, pl.
29, figs. 2-3).
Turborotalia scitula (BRADY). pl. 27, figs.
13, 17. (Pulvinulina scitu/a BRADY, 1882.
Roy. Soc. Edinburgh, Proc .. ool. 11, p.
716: fig. in BRADY. 188'1. Rept. Voy.
Challenger. Zoo!.. vul .. 9, pl. 103. 11g. 7).
T. scilula occurs rarely in some samples, but the few examined agree
closely with the original description.

References
AsA:-10. K .. (1957): The Foraminifera fromthe adjacent seas of japan, collected by
the S. S. Soyo-maru. 1922-1930; part 3,
Planktonic Foraminifera. Tolwku Univ ..
Sci. Rep., 2nd ser. (Ceo/.), v. 28. p. 1-26.

281- - (1961): Faunal change of planktonic
Foraminifera through the Neogene ofJapan. Proc. !\on. Nederl. .4kad. We/enschappell. Ser. B. 65. no. 1. p. 114-129.
B.\;>;DY. 0. L. (1960) : The geologic significance of coiling ratios in the foraminifer
Clobigerina pachyderma (EIIRE:'-IBERG).
Jour. Pa/eont., v. 3.J. no. 4. p. Gil-681.
- - (1963) : Cenozoic planktonic foraminiferal zonation and ba;>inal development
in Philippines. A mer. Assoc. Petrol. Ceo{ ..
Bull .. v. ·17. no. 9. p. 1753-17•15.
- - (Hl64): Cenozoic planktonic foraminiferal zonation. Miaopal .. v. 10, no. 1,
p. 1-17.
BA:'\:->ER. F. T. and B£. W. H .. (1960) : Someprimary types of species belonging to thesuperfamily Globigerinaccae. Cushman
Found. Foram. Res .. F. 11. pt. 1, p. 1-41.
Bit. A. W. H .. (1959) : The influence of depth
on shell growth in Clobigerinoides sacculifer (BRADY). Micro pal.. v. 11. no. 1,
p. 81-97.
BELFORD, D.] .. (1962): Miocene and Pliocene
planktonic
Foraminifera
Papua-New
Guinea. Australia Bur. Min. Res .. Ceo/.
Ceophys. Bull .. no. 62-1, p. 1-51.
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Young Miocene to l~ecent. Eclogae Ceo/.
Helv., v. 57. no. 2. p. 5·11-552.
Boo:VIG.\ART, L.. (1949): Smaller Foraminifera from Bodjonegoro (Java). Smit andDontje. Sappemeer, p. 1-175.
BRADsHAW. ]. S., (1959): Ecology of living
planktonic Foraminifera in the North
and Equatorial Pacific Ocean. Cushman
Found. Forum. Res .. Contr., v. 10, pt. 2,
p. 25-64.
BRA:-.ILETTE. M. N .. FAUGII:-;. ]. L. and HUR·
LEY. R. ] .. (1959) : Anomalous sedimentdeposition on the t1ank of Eniwetok Atoll.
Bull. Ceo/. Soc. Amer., 70, p. 1459-1452.
CIIAXG. L. S.. (Hl59) : A biostratigraphic
study of the Miocene in western Taiwan
based on smaller Foraminifera (Part I:
Planktonics). Ceo!. Soc. China. Proc .. no.
2. p. ~17-72.
- - (1959) : Some planktonic Foraminifera

232

Tnnyow HUANG

from the late Tertiary of eastern Taiwan
and their stratigraphic significance. Ceo/.
Surv. Taiwan. Bull., 110. 11. p.· 81-90.
ELLis, B. F, and MEssJ"'A, A. R.. (1940 etsep.) : Catologue of Foraminifera. Ame1·.
Mus. Nat. Hist .. New l'ork, -15 vols. andsupptement-vols.
ER'ICSON. D. B .. (1961) : Coiling direction of
Globigeri11a pachyderma as climate index.
Scie11ce. v. JJO. no. 3369. p. 219-220.
HANZAWA. S .. (1925): Globigerina-marl andother foraminiferous rocks. underlying
the Raised Coral Reef formation of Okinawa-jima (the Riukiu Island). japan.
four. Ceo[. Geogr., t>. 4. nos. 1-2. p. 33-45.
HORNIIJROOK, N. DE B., (1958): New ZealandUpper Cretaceous and Tertiary foraminiferal Zones and some overseas con·elations. Micropal., v. 4. no. 1. p. 25-38.
1-luAl'\G, Tunyow, (1960): The Foraminiferafrom the Liuchiuhsu mudstone of Liuchiuhsu off the southwestern coast of

Explanation of Plate 28
Fig. 1. Globigeriii'O bul/oides D'0RBIGKY. From spmple no. 365. x 60.
Figs. 2a-b. Globigerina folia/a 13ou.t. From sample no. 334-1. x 50.
Fig. 3. Subbotina fa/conensis ·(BLow). From sample no. 392. x60.
Fig. 4: Globigerinoides sacculifer (BRADY). From sample no. 365. x 20.
Figs. 5a-b. Globigerina woodi }E:'IKI:-IS. From sample no. 392. x 60.
Fig. 6. Globigerinila zwula (EHRE:"IlERG). From sample no. 337. x58.
Fig. 7. Turborotalia obesa (BoLLI). From sample no. 336. x 55.
Fig. 8. Globigerinoides trilobus (REt;ss). From sample no. 365. x50.
Fig. 9. Globigerina diplostoma REL;ss. From sample no. 337. x55.
Fig. 10. Globigerinoides obliqui1s BoLLI. From sample no. 364-a. x 40.
Figs. lla-b. Giobigerinoides ruber (o'0RB1G:-<Y). From sample no. 365. x 50.
Fig. 12. -Giobigerina apertura CusHMAN. From sample no. 364-a. x 50.
Fig's. :13a.:.b. G/obiger·inoides cyclos/omus (GALLO\\' AY and \VlSSl-ER). From sample no. 365.

x·so.
Fig. 1•-t'. Globigerinoides elongatus (D'0RBIG:-<Y). From sample no. 365. x 40.
Fig .. -15. Gtobigerinoides immaturus LERoY. Fron1 s·ample no. 399. x44.
Fig. 16. Globigerina- decoraperta TAKAY A:"AGI an·ct SAITO. From sample no. 401-a. x 100.
Fig: 17. Globigerinoi'des saccuiljer _tistulosus (ScHUBERT). From sample no. 336. x40.
Fig. 18. Globigerinoides conglobalus (BRADY). From sample no. 365. x 50.
Fig. 19. G/obigeri1ioides conglobatus (BRADY). From sample no. 364-a. x50.
Fig. 20. Globigerinoides immaturus LERoY. From sample no. 392. x 45.
Fig. 21. Globigerina decoraperta TAI<AYA:"AGI and SAITO. From sample no. 392. xlOO.
Fig. 22. Globigerinita glutinata (EGGER). From sample no. 392. x80.
Fig.. 23. Bolliella adamsi (BA:"NER and BLow). From sample no. 399. x 110.
Figs. 24a-b. Globorotalia menardii mu'lticamerata CL'SH~IAN and }ARVIS. From sample no. 409.
x50 ..
Figs. :25a-b. Candeina 11itida o~ORHIG!'>Y From sa1'nple no. 336. x 40.
Eig. 26. Globorotalia menatdii menardii (o'ORBIGNY). From sample no. 336. x 60.
Fig. 27. Globigerina dei:oraperta TAKAYANAGI and SAITO. From sample no. 365. xllO.
Fig. 28. Hastigerina siphonijera (u'ORBIG:-<Y). From sample no. 336. x 80.
Fig. 29. Hastige1·ina siphonifera (o'ORH IGKY). From sample no. 399. X 50.
Figs. 30a-b. Globigainoides sacculifer _fistu/osus (Scm;nEin). From sample no. 383. x45.
Figs. 31a-b. Glob.orotalia menardii tumida (BRADY). From sample no. ·364-a.
Figs. 32a-b. Globorotalia menardii multicamera/a .Cl<SJHIAN and }ARVIS. From sample no. 3•10.
x40.

iiuA.NG ;Somachi Planktonic Foraminifera

Plate ~8

50.5.

Planktonic Fo-raminifera j1·om Kilcai-.Jima

Taiwan. Geol. Soc. China. Proc .. no. 3.
p. 69-66.
- - (1963): Planktonic Foraminifera fromthe Peikang PK-3 Well in the Peikang
shelf area. Yunelf area. Yunlin. Taiwan.
Petroleum Geol. Taiwan. no. 2. p. 153-181.
- - (196·1): Smaller Foraminifera from theSanhsien-chi. Taitung. eastern Taiwan.
Geol. Soc. China. Proc .. 110. 7. p. 63-72.
lsHJwAnA. Y .. (1951): Miscellaneous noteson the application of the fossil smaller
foraminifera to the Japanese oil and gas
field (in Japanese). jour. japan .'lssoc.
Petrol. Tech .. t•. 16. 110. p. 335-34S.
JENKINS. D. G.. (1964) : Location of the
Pliocene-Pleistocene boundary. Cushman
Found. Foram. Res .. Contr .. t'. 15. pt. I.
p. 25-27.
LEROY. L. \V .. (1941) : Smaller Foraminiferafrom the late Tertiary of the Netherlands
Eest lndies.-Part 1. Smaller Foraminifera from the late Tertiary of the Sangkoeliang Bay area. Borneo. ~etherlands
East Indies. Colorado School of Mines.
Quart .. v. 36. 1!11. I. p. 11-62: Part 2.
Smaller Foraminifera from the late
Tertiary of Siberoct Island. off the west
coast of Sumatra. Netherlands East
Indies. Ibid .. p. 63-105- - (1964) : Smaller Foraminifera from thelate Tertiary of Southern Okinawa. Geol.
Surv. U.S .. Prof. Paper. 454-F. p. 1-58.
Lm:BI.ICH. A. R.. ]1c and TAPPAN. H. (1964):
Treatise on In ~·erlebrate Paleontology.
Part C. Protista 2. Sarcodina. F ol. 1 and2. Geol. Soc. Amer. and Uni~·. ](ansas.
MliRATA, S .. (1952): Foraminiferal faunaof the Miyazaki Group. jour. Soc. Earthsci. Amat. japan. !'. 6. 110. 1, p. 48-57.

Chiayi Formation
Chemei Formation
I sagolsaneku
Kamikatetsu
Kikai-jima
Liuchiuhsu
Miaoli GroupX{ :f~ Jfi
~11m
{1l

li'.P

fJI '.:If J..._l: }'& ~:)(
~w.m,

fi!tij(i'i'f~~ltf

PARKER. F. L .. (1962): Planktonic foraminiferal species in Pacific sediments. Micropal .. u. B. no. 2. p. 219-254.
- - (1964) : Foraminifera from the ex-.
perimental Mohole drilling near Gua.
dalupc Island. Mexico. jour. Paleonl., 11 ••38, no. 4. p. 617-636.
POJ.St<t. \\' .. (1959) : Foraminiferal biofacies.
off the Xorth Asiatic coast. Ibid .. v. 33,_
110. 4. p. 569-587.
s.~ITO. T .. (1963): Miocene planktonic Fora-.
minifera from Honshu. japan. Tohoku
Unit• Sci. Rep. 2nd ser. (Geol.). v. 35,_
110. 2. p. 123-209.
S:-tiTII A. B .. (1963): Distribution of living·planktonic Foraminifera in the North-eastern Pacific. Cushman Found. Foram ..
Res .. Conlr .. v. 14. pt. 1. p. 1-15.
T AKAY A:O.tA, T .. (1961) : Chronological variation and its significance of the fossil
planktonic
Foraminifera
assemblage
from along the Obitsu RiYer, Chiba
Prefecture. Graduation Thesis. Ins/. Geol.
l'aleonl., Tohoku Uni11. (MS).
ToDD, (1957) : Geology of Saipan. Mariana
Island. Smaller Foraminifera. U.S. Ceo/.
Sun>., 280-H. p. 256-320.
- - (1964) : Planktonic Foraminifera from
Deep·Sea cores off Eniwetok Atoll. U.S ..
Geol. Sur!'., Prof. Pape,· 260-CC, p. 1067
-1100.
WALLER. H. 0 .. (1960) : Foraminiferal biofacies off the south China coast. jour.
Paleont., v. 33. no. 6. p. 1164-1182.
- - and PoLSKI. W., (1959): Planktonic·
Foraminifera of the Asiatic shelf. Cushman Found. Foram. Res., Contr .. v. 10 ..
pt. 4. p. 123-126.

•

Naze
~
*i
Amamioshima*~*111;
Peikang PK-3 Well
;ftrJPK~It::::'.-lj-;.J:t.:.
Sadeku'i£¥J-Sanhsien-chi=: iili ~Somachi Formation.!j!.lltr.JI"lTakangkou Formation ;kffiDJI!!

Trans. Proc. Palacont. Soc. Japan, N.S., No. 62, pp. 23·1-2-!1. June, 30. 1966

506.

A ?IIESOZOIC AMl\IONITE FROl\1 ANIAMI-OSHil\IA
TATSURO MATSUl\lOTO
Department of Geology, Kyushu University

HIDEO JSHIKA\VA and SHIRO YAA·IAKUCHI
Kagoshima University

1it~:klib~<P1:.t\:7 :.-- -<= -T -1 1- ::: 7 """'-r -1 1- >elic~u:,Oshima High-SchoollfiLIJc!;'l;~*!.1;:llll(lti~t:J·fo_k?,JII"Fiiii: O)j:;IJ1HU5JI§tl' ,::, i~=-~1.(if¥:ff:rD::f1C~t..:71-~L'<lS.Qn>. ~tt~t·t..: 'J .t -T-L.

<

Collignoniceras (Selu·ynoceras) r: f4·t:;,.; L,~ 'il:. m;j[lf!P.O) c:/1. c ~:fi'f~t.: .Q.?i.IJ!;l;:;,,
ftl!:IJ Prolacanthoras 't' ;l;) ? {) <iJ!ltlti b f~Wl L T:t~ ~ t.:~ '• ~t"?"C~f\:B':JIC.Ii Turon ian·r4'>:i.ni~t.:li Cenomanian J:!p;O;nfi;f: ~~1.:;,~ ~l.~~IC, 1tt~*Jil;O)Jtl!JM0)1t!:W:--?p-c-~~~W!±l L t.:o :!:: t:.:: OJ J:? t..:'t'tflfl;OJ~: '7 Y ~ -r -1 1- ;6iPlln+IDO)I~i't5tl!$1i9il'.; ff,;t,.:
IJ:t;~!±iT¢C:.clC~L. r,ll~:~~fl'lmLt:.,~*-i!.@li·fi Jll ~$.·11.1 D I!Y~Introduction

Amami-Oshima, i.e. the main island·of the Amami Archipelago, is locatedabout 300 kilometers southwest off thesouthern coast of the main island of
Kyushu and lies on the northeasternpart of the arc of the Ryukyu Islands(Nansei-shoto). It consists primarily offolded sedimentary rocks which were at
one time referred to the Upper Palaeo·zoic. Recently, however, possibility thatthe sedimentary series lould be partly?vlesozoic has been suggested by several
persons (e. g. YA~AGIDA, OTA and AKATSU, 1959, personal communication; Ko:;>;ISHI. 1963) from the comparison withthe geology of southern Kyushu and also
Okinawa. Therefore a confirmation on
fossil evidence has been keenly needed.
• Received 9 December, 1965; read January-25, 1966 at Scndai.

While the two junior authors were
engaged in a geological field work. a
specimen of ammonite was fortunately
found there (by S. Y., September, 196<1),
which was sent to the senior author<T. :\1.) for identification. The discovery
was preliminarily reported in japaneseby ISHIKAWA and YAl\IAKUCHI (1965). The
present paper contains the descriptionof the ammonite, to which the seniorauthor is primarily responsible, and also
the discussion of the stratigraphic correlation. Before going further the writers wish to thank Professor Nobuhiro
IIATAE, Professor Shigeyuki Mol\DEN.
Dr. Kametoshi KAN:\IERA, Dr. Kenji KoNISHI, Dr. Juichi YA~AGIDA. Dr. Hakuru
OKADA and Dr. Itaru HAYA:\11 for theirencouragement and kind help.
Miss:\lisako Kmo and l'vliss Tomoko MIYAZAKI assisted in preparing the manuscript.

506. Ammonite from Amami-Oshima
Palaeontologie Description

Family Collignoniceratidae
tGenus Collignoniceras BREISTROFFER, 1947
S ubgenus Selwynoceras WARREN and
STELCK, 1947

Type-species :- P riono t ro pis borea lis
W ARREN, 1930
Remarks :- There is a nomenclatoria lquestion as regards the status of Collignoniceras and Selwynoceras. The seniorauthor (MATSUMOTO, 1965, p. 9) has a lr eady g iven remarks on this point and.also the distinction of Selwynoceras.

235

C ollignoniceras (Selwynoceras) sp. nov. ( ?)T e x t-fig . 1

Material :-A single specimen, a deform ed ex ternal mould on black slat y
shale, in the collect ion of S. Y AMAKUCI-II,
Oshima Hi g h-School, Kagos hima Prefecture. A plaster cast of it is preservedin Ky ushu Uni versit y, GK.H 9298 (Fig. 1).
De ·c'ription :- Although the specimen
is incompletely preser ved, it does exhibit
som e c haracteristi c features. It is about
95 mm. in longer diamet er but ori g ina ll y
it must have been larger, since the lastpart is miss ing. The whorl enlarges
moderately ; the outer one overlappin g

Fi g. 1. Collignoniceras (Se lwynocera s) sp. no v. ( ?) . A
plaster cast, GK. H 9298, fo r a n im pressio n o n slat y s hale oft he Ohg a c hi Form ation, A kin a, Amami -Os him a, n atUt·al s ize(K yu s hu Un iv. photo). The ori ginal s pec im en is preserve din Earth Scie nce Room, Os hima-Hi gh School, N aze.

2::G

Tatsm·o MATSUMOTO. Hid eo /SlifKA lYA and Shiro YAMAKUCHI

about one third of the inner. The urn·
bilicus is approximately estimated at 28
percent of the diameter. The whorl isapparently higher than broad and seems
to have rather flat flanks and a narrow
venter, but the deformation is so strongthat the original dimensions are hardly
estimated with accuracy. The umbilicalwall is low on the inner whorl and becomes fairly high and steeply inclinedon the outer whorl.
The shell is characteristically ornamented with ribs and tubercles. The
ribs are numerous, rather crowded, separated by somewhat narrower interspaces,
normally alternately long and short.
moderatelr strong and rectiradiate orslightly prorsiradiate. They become
broader and apparently flatter on theouter whorl. On the inner whorl theumbilical tubercles are situated at theedges of the longer ribs. On the outerwhorl they become stronger and areshifted upwards. being highest somewhat
above the edges of the major ribs. The
lower and upper ventrolateral and also
siphonal tubercles are all cla,·ate on theouter whorl and nearly equidistant. The
lower ventrolateral ones are rounded on
the inner whorl. The siphonal clavi arediscontinuous, without forming a distinct keel. The ribs which run acrossthe venter are nearly perpendicular tothe siphonal line on the outer whorl andslightly curved forward on the inner
whorl. They do not form distinct chevrons as in the adolescent stage of Collignoniceras woollgari. The tendency toform ventrolateral horns in the late
growth-stage is not seen in the specimen
at hand, probably because its last part
is not preserved.
The suture is not impressed on thespecimen. except for a faint. doubtful
one on a portion of the surface.
Comparison :-As the specimen is im-

perfectly preserved there is some uncertainty in the identification. Comparison should be made carefully with all
possibly allied species.
The specimen from Amami-Oshima
apparently resembles some species of
Eucalycoceras SPATH. 1923. such as E.
pentagonum (JUKES-BRO\\'~E. 18961 fromthe Upper Cenomanian of England. India(KossMAT. 1897) and tvladagascar (CoLLIG:'\0:'\. 1964). and E. undem,oodi PowELL(1963. p. 315. pl. 31. fig. 17. text-fig. 3e,g). from the Lower Turonian I?) of
Trans-Pecos Texas. especially in the immature stage. In the adult body-whorlof these species of Eucalycocel·as theventral and ventrolateral tubercles are
weakened and may finally disappear andin E. pentagonum the ribs become more
crowded and numerous. while in the observable last part of the present specimen the tubercles are strengthend andthe ribs become broader.
Our specimen is similar to some speciesof Protacantlzocems SPATH, 1923. such as
P. judaiwm (TAUBENHAUS. 1920) (seeAVNIMELECH and SIIORESII. 196-1, p. 531.
pl. 15. fig. l), from the "l'vliddle Cenomanian" near jerusalem. but this andother typical species of Protacanthoceras
have three closer rows of ventral clavi.
In its crowded and rather rectiradiateribbing our specimen is distinguishedfrom any of the hitherto described species of Protacanthoceras.
The specimen from Amami-Oshimaclosely resembles Collignoniceras (Selwynoceras) schlueterianum (LAUBE andBI<UDER. 1887) (see PETRASCIIECK. 1902,
p. 150[20], pl. 10[.1], fig. 3 ; pl. 11[5]. fig.
3 : pl. 12[6]. fig. 1). from the Lower
Turonian of Bohemia and Sachsen, inthe septate stage, but the former has
more distinctly clavate lower ventrolateral tubercles than the latter. On thelast body-whorl of that European species

506.

Ammonite from Amami-Oshinw

the major ribs are distant. the ventrolateral tubercles are exaggerated to form
large horns and the ventral clavi are
more numerous than the horns. Thesefeatures are not seen in our specimen,
as far as the preserved part is concerned.
A specimen from the Lower Turonian
Labiatus-Planer of Leubnitz. Sachsen.
which was described by PETRASCHECK{1920. p. 147[17]. pl. 11[5]. fig. 1J as"Acan/lzoceras Jleuriausianum" is also
allied to ours. The two specimens are.
however. distinguished in that the former has less crowded ribs in the immature
stage, more distant umbilical tubercles
and more rounded. instead of clavate,
lower ventrolateral tubercles than thelatter. That specimen from Sachsen
may not be identical with the holotype
and other typical examples of Collignoniceras (Selwynoceras) j[euriausianum (D'
ORBIG:\Y. 1841). from France. because theFrench ones have much broader \vhorls
and more distant. stronger, mammillate
umbilical tubercles.
Our specimen somewhat resembles thejmmature shell (as represented by paratypes) of Collignoniceras (Selwynoceras)
borealis (W AI~RE:'-1. 1930). the type-species
from the Turonian of Canada, but theribs are more crowded and the lower
ventrolateral tubercles are clavate inours. The adult shell of C. (5.) borealis,as represented by the holotype. has abroader whorl and much more distant.
somewhat prorsiradiate ribs which areflared at the ventrolateral shoulders on
the whorl of the same diameter as thatof the present specimen.
To sum up the specimen from Amamiprobably represents a species of Collignoniceras (Selu:ynoceras) which is distinct from any of the hitherto described
ones. As the last part of the whorl is
not preserved the determination is notconclusive. A possibility that the speci-

2:37

men could be a new species of Proia·
canthoceras should be retained. Anyhow.
the available material is so incompletethat a proposal of a new specific nameis deferred until a better one is obtained.
Occurrence:-Found from a rolled blockin the lower stream of the Akina,
Tatsugo-mura. Oshima-gun, Kagoshima
Prefecture. probably derived from the
Ohgachi Shale ~Fig. 2).
Stratigraphic Correlation
The geology of the Amami Islands
was investigated by HATAE et al. (1959)
and an outline geological map 1Fig. 2!
of Amami-Oshima is here adapted fromthem. with much simplification. Asidefrom small intrusive bodies of granitic
rock and flat-lying Quaternary sediments.
the island consists of the following sedimentary formations exposed from north·west to southeast.
(1) Naon Chert Formation: Chert withsubordinate limestone, basic tuff.
diabase. slate and sandstone. over:woo m. thick.
12) Odana Sandstone Formation : Pre·
dominant sandstone. partly conglo·
meratic. with some phyllitic slate.
about 2000 m.
\3) Shinmura Slate Formation:Pre·dominant slate, partly alternatedwith sandstone and basic tuff inthin beds. about 2200 m.
(~l ~aze Slate and Tuff Formation:
Slate and basic tuff. with somesandstone, about 2500 m.
~5) Ohgachi Shale Formation:Sand·stone followed by dar!{ coloured
shale. repeated four times. about
4000 m. thick altogether.
(6) Wano Sandstone and Shale Forma·tion: Alternating sandstone andshale. \vith thin coaly seams. about
2000 m.

2:~8'}'atsuro MATSUMOTO. Hideo !SHl/(.4 WA and Shi1·o YAMAf(UCHI

Following HA:\ZAW .-\·s (193;>! previous
view. HATAE et a/. considered (1) to (5)as Upper Paleozoic and (6) as tvlesozoic.
Ko~ISHI (1963), on the basis of the com·
parison with the geology of Okinawa
Island. led a tentative conclusion to date(1) as Palaeozoic, (4) as Triassic andjurassic, and (2) and (6) as Cretaceous.
Later 1\oNISHI (1965) referred (6) to28°30'

Eocene. because he and his colleague, T ..
ISIIIBASHI, discovered Nummulites.
The ammonite described in this paper
is probably a new species of Collignoniceras (Selwynoceras). The hitherto described species of C. (Selwynoceras) occur
in the Turonian (more commonly in theLower Turonian). It follows that thepresent ammonite suggests a Turonian

129° 30'

N

0

IOKM.

Fig. 2. Geological outline map of Amami-Oshima. with an enlarged mapof an area ncar Akina at the lower right corner. Ammonite locality is indicated by X. Geological map is adapted from IIATAE et a/. (1959), although
Ko:-~tsHt (1965, p. 446-7) considers the distribution of the formations in somewhat different way.
1: Naon Chert. 2: Odana Sand!'tone, 3: Shinmura Slate, 4: Naze Slate andTuff, 5: Ohgachi Shale. 6: Wano Sandstone and Shale, 7: Granitic rock;a! (in the smaller map) : Alluvium along the stream of Akina.

506.

Ammon·ite from Amami-Osh1:maage. Even if it could be referred toProlacanthoceras. a Middle to Upper
Cenomanian age would be indicated byit. Therefore the Gyliakian (Cenomanianplus Turonian) is strongly suggested forthe ammonite bearing bed.
The Ohgachi Formation was estimatedto be as thick as ·1000 m. by HATAE e/a/. (1959). who subdivided it into four
units of a cyclic sequence from sandstone
to shale (and then to alternating shaleand sandstone in some cases). The am·monite came from what they considered
the fourth. i.e. the uppermost. unit.
According to them the first unit of the
Ohgachi Formation is in fault contact
with the Lower Tertiary Wano Formation. If \Ve followed the stratigraphic
sequence of HA TAE el a/., the Naze Shaleand Tuff would be ascribed to the upper
half of the Upper Cretaceous. KoNISHI
Amami-Oshima
Naon Formation
Odana Formation
Shinmura Formation
Naze Formation
Ohgachi Formation
Wano Formationt1965J. however. interprets the order ofsuccession by contraries. If this opinion
was warranted, the Naze Formation
would be older than Turonian (or Ceno·
manian). i.e. mainly Lower Cretaceousand possibly also a part of Jurassic. andthe Ohgachi Formation would be younger than Cenomanian. i.e. mainly Upper
Cretaceous.
Amami-Oshima and other islands of
the Ryukyu arc are geologically intimately related to the southern part ofthe main island of Kyushu. As regards
the knowledge of the pre-Tertiary geology of southern Kyushu the results of
the recent studies by HASHI:\10TO (1962)
and KANJ\IERA et al. (1964) are reliable.
On the grounds of major stratigraphic
sequence, lithologic similarly and tectonic configuration the following correlation may be tentatively proposed:

South Kyushu
Konose Group
Isshochi Group
Kawabe GroupYoura Group
Hyuga Group (Lower)
Hyuga Group (Cpper1

The area of the Naon Formation. which
was referred to the ivlotobu belt of Okina\va by KoNISHI (1963. 65). may tectonically correspond with the southernpart (Sambosan belt) of the Chichibu
belt and that of Odana to Wano Formations with the Shimanto belt in the Outer
Zone of South\\•est japan. Inasmuch asa significant thrust marks the southern
limit of the Chichibu belt and also thatof the J\!otobu belt. the boundary between the areas of Naon and Odana
Formation is open for further reexamination. It is also c.laimed to decide moreclearly the order of stratigraphic sequ-

2:39·

Geological age
Permian and Triassic
Upper Cretaceous (?)
Lower Cret.- jurassic ( ?)Lewer Cret.-Jurassic (?!
Upper Cretaceous
Lower Tertiaryence in Amami-Oshima on yarious lines
of evidence.
The thick series of shale and sandstone of the Shimanto belt is somewhat
similar to the Flysch of the Alps andthe Carpathians in various sedimentaryfeatures and in tectonotype. The Ohgachi Formation may be comparable witha part of the Flysch. Aside from certain
kinds of trace fossils. megafossils arevery rare in this kind of sedimentarygroup. The ammonite described abon
really exemplifies an exceptional occurrence. It is furthermore noted that thisrare megafossil is that of the ornate

"240

Tatsnro MATSUMOTO, Hideo ISHIKAWA and Shi?'O YA:\IAKUCHI-ammonite group, the Acanthocerataceae.
which normally occur more commonly in·the epicontinental shallow sea environments. A similar statement can be extended to the rare occurrence of ammonites from the Shimato belt of Shikoku,
Dipoloceras and f(azansl?yella describedby MATSmiOTO et al. 1952. and Cheloni·ceras by NAKAI and I-IADA. 1966, which-all belong to the ornate ammonites,
Acanthocerataceae
andHoplitaceae.
Whether these ammonite shells weretransported from the adjacent epicontinental sea to the basin of flysch-type
sediments or their habitats were extend·ed to at least a part of this kind of
sedimentary basin is a question whichneeds further study.
It should be recalled in this connectionthat DZIJJ.YXSKI and S!'ANDERS (1962, p.
80, pl. 18B. pl. 19B) showed roll marksin the l\lancos Shale, Arizona. whichwere interpreted to have been made byrolling of ammonite Col/ignoniceras wool.lgari as supported by an experiment.
We should search for such marks andimprints in the Ohgachi Shale for the:reasonable solution of the above question.
References Cited.Av:-;I~IELECH. ~loshe A. and

SHOREsH. Rami
(1962): Les cephalopodes cenomaniens
des environs du Jerusalem. Bull. Soc.
Ceo/. France, ser. 7, vo/. 4, p. 528-535, pl.
15.
"COLLIGNON, Maurice (1964) : Atlas des Fossiles Caracteristiques de Madagascar(:lmmonites), fasc. 11 (Cenomanien), p.
1-152, pis. 318-3i5. Serv. Geol. Tananarive.
:nzYLNSKI, Stanislaw and SA:\DERs, J. E.
(1962) : Current marks on linn mud bottoms. Trans. Connect. A.Clld. Arts Sci.,
vol . .f2, p. 5i-96, pis. 1-22.
HANZAWA, Shoshiro (1935): Topography andgeology of the Riukiu Islands. Sci. Rep.
Tohoku Imp. U11iv .. 211d ser (Geol.), vol.

17, p. 1-61.
IL'l.sl!I~IOTO. lsamu (1962) :The sedimentarycomplex of uncertain ages in South
Kyushu (in Japane~e with English abstr<~ct).
Sci. Rep. (Earth Sci.), Fac.
General Educ .. Kyushu Univ., 110. 7, p. 3756, 1 map.
HATAE, Nobuhiro, T. TsuYUKJ, K. FUKL:YA~IA,]. YA:\AGIDA, M. OTA, and K. AKATSU(1959) : Explanatory text of the geological map of the ;lmami Islands. Kagoshima
Prefecture (1: 200,000) (in Japanese).
Kagoshima Pref. Admin. Office.
IsHIKAWA, Ilideo and YAMAKUCIII, Shiro(1965) : On the disco\·ery of ammonite
from Honto lsi. of Amami-Oshima andits geological meaning. ]our. Ceo/. Soc.
japan. vol. 71, p. 78-i9.
]UKES-BROW:--IE, A. J. (1896) : Critical remarks on some of the fossils. In ]uKEsBRow:-~E, A. J. and HILL, 'IN. (1896): A
delimitation of the Cenomanian. being acomparison of the corresponding beds in
S. W. England and \Y. France. Quart.
four. Ceo/. Soc. London, vo/. 52. p. 99-li8,
pl. 5.
KA:-;~!J,RA, Kametoshi and FuRuKAWA, Hiroyuki {1964) : Stratigraphy of the Upper
Permian and Triassic Konose Group in
Kyushu (in Japanese with English abstract). Sci. Rep. Kyushu Univ., Ceol.,
vol. 6, no. 3. p. 237-258, 1 map.
Kol'ISHI. Kenji (1936): Pre-Miocene basement complex of Okinawa and the tectonic belts of the Ryukyu Islands. Sci.
Rep. Kanazawa Univ., vol. B. 110. 2. 568602. 2 maps.
Koss:O.IAT, Frantz (189i): Untersuchungeni.iber die Siidindische Kreideformation,
II. Beitr. Piilaont. Ceo/. Osten.·Ungars
Orients, vol. 11, p. 1-46 [108-152j, pis. 1-8[12-19].
LAL'BE, G. C. and BRJJIJER, Georg (188i) : Am·
moniten der bohmischen Kreide. Palaeontographica, pol. 33, p. 21i-239, pis. 2329.
MATSUMOTO, Tatsuro (1965) : A monographof the Collignoniccratidae from llokkaido,
Part I. JHem. Fac. Sci., Kyuslw Univ.,
Ser. D, Ceol. vol. 16, no. 1, p. 1-80, pis.

506.

Ammowiie .from Jlm.am·i-Oshima

1-18.
- - , KI~lliRA, Toshio and KATTO, Jiro (1952):

Discovery of Cretaceous ammonites fromthe undivided 1\Icsozoic complex of Shikoku, Japan. 1\Iem. Fac. Sci .. J(yushu
Univ., Ser. D, Ceo/., vol. 3. no ..J, p. 179186, pl. 13.
NAKAI, Isao and HAD:\, Shigeaki (1966): Discovery of Aptian ammonites from the
Shimanto Terrain. \Vcstern Shikoku.
Tra11s. Proc. Pal. Soc. japan. N. S .. no. 62.
p. 2,13-251. pl. 29-30.
ORL)J(;NY, Alcidc D' (18·10-42):
Pa!tfonto/ogie
franraise. Terrains Cl'etaces t•ol. 1. Ccphalopodes. 662p., 1·18 pis. (1-120 (1840) : 121430 (18-U) : 431-662 (18-12)]. Paris.
PETHASCHECK. \V. (1902):
Die Ammoniten

der sachsischen Krcidcformation. Beitr.
Geol. Paliiont. Ostcrr.-Ungarns Orients ..
vol. 14. p. 131-152. pis. 7-11 [1-5].
PowELL, J.D. (1963): Cenomanian-Turonian(Cretaceous) ammonites from TransPecos Texas and northeastern Chihauhua.
l\lexico. jour. Pa/eonl .. t•ol. 37, p. :~08322. pl. 31-34.
TAunF.NllAt:s, H. (1920) : Die Ammoneen der
Krcideformation Palaestinas und Syriens.
Zeitsch. Deutsch. Pa/aestina- Fereins. 110/.
43. p. 1-58. pis. 1-!l.
WAJ{RI·:"'. P. S. (1930) :Description of new~pecics of fossils from parts of the Peace
River and Grande Prairie districts. Alberta. Sci. Ind. Res. Council of Alberta.
Rep. no. 21. Appendix, p. 57-68, pis. J ..t.

Locality Guide
Akina. Tatsugo-mura, Oshima-gun. Kagoshima Prefecture (Approximately 129'33'30"
East Long., 28•26'7" North Lat.) !tli!/GJ1.';I!j\-;k,l,"i;~llliilll141Hfxi; (E!ll±lili~l!l>;i; 5 ]jfjO) 1 .l1ll}f;~!\!lli i$:;j;::gd O)~i:il!i!llllil'0 :iiJ;fu!C 7300 m., :il!tC 5750 Ill. OJ.l1ll.st)

Alphabetic List of Formational Names Cited in the 'fl'xt
Jiyuga Group
Isshochi Group
Kawabe Group
Konose Group
Xaon Formation
Naze Formation

El [ti] 1ro li~-!m.lt!!~~Jll il! ~ 'jJ:f

i!P ; ;tJ. ~ It~
if Jill,g iti ~4',

Odana Formation
Ohgachi Formation
Shinmura Formation
Wano Formation
Youra Group;k jiiq KfJ

J: Jl1j@iliH~:fO~,Ii!ll!!lii!J~Jl:fTrans. Proc. Palacont. Soc. Japan. N. S .. No. 62. pp. 2·12-250, pis. 29. 30, June. :m. 1966

507.

DISCOVERY OF APTIAN A?IIl\IONITES FROJ\1 'rHE SHIMANTOTERRAIN. '''ESTERN SHIKOKU*!SAO KAKAI
Department of Geology. Kyushu University

andSHIGEKI HADA
Department of Geoscience. Osaka City University

illiffli!JYI:i<IV':li?!IT;-1 {if ,t l) Aptian Ammonites 0~n : ~J]I,':l,~t~:f\lmii1:JLIIIJ~:.ik~~:l.:IR0i\iiilY:1i*':J 500 m 0iil~~V':ltJJjli!J !J -;::. 7 Y 'f::-f--1 r f.ZmlfM{t~I?~1.L il'tHiltl!mti ~:hi -r.
~fli!,");.J.I!Ifflltll1i01'47.7-l-11t9 1 0 "f.!tJ~$JC' ;!fl~~c~;tG~1."n'f.:, tJ:t.;. IE6flifJ~Eti1J11!
1..\li:>fiifj"t' <5 M;{. \liJ-.111!lY~7J' I? 01Ji~JJ5Ti<llfl> G JJE 1_.. t.:. 7 Y "'7" 1 I· 2 llllfi;Jt;, il'~!f.!J;k~o)lfl Jljl?(J~lld<.tf.l' GTJ'i~ 'L <:. ~1. G 0 7 Y "' + ..f I· ~~~t L t.:f!IW~. 1 M«-li Chef o11iceras(s. s.) mi11imum CAsEY 0ifi:{lJJill. !i~ !J 0iJI:lf*{;ilri.Jijj!J,¥,0~.f\f["t' <5 i;.C. b'J.<f.l]iifjl_.. L fiilill!
.mr:t.,. -:f'f'.,. ;.~pt, c-r-:r.'!lr~,illi;f, ri'll>'8"1J,·tft) ~mT-i' z," ..1:: "?·c c. V':lN'ifi:V':l= 7 ;y, c ~ ~1. -r~'t.:.111!h"!li. ~'-ltl!iJ;Wi:JJr.:~}:fP-t .::dtif!lt)!?l c!fil-;Hft-r<5'J.
Q0

7 -:f'f' 7 YW/-rtl;; ct~J~~ n
rjt J;S J'}J • ~~ Ill 'lfi: ~further study. Stimulated by the discovery. one of us (S. I I.). under Prof.
ICHIKAWA's supervision. made a geologi·
cal survey of the locality and its surrounding area. in August. 1963. The
strata exposed at the very point of thefossil locality had been largely cut off
already for the road construction. A
few fragments of ammonites. however.
were obtained from a pile of slabs which
had been brought about from the locality. Furthermore, it was noticed thatseveral better preserved Ia rger speci ·mens of ammonite had been collected at
the same locality and kept in the Kita·
uwa junior High School. They werelater transferred to the collection of
Department of Geoscience. Osaka Cityl'niversity. through the courtesy of Mr.

Introduction
In january, 1963. .\lr. Tsutomu TAKA·
teacher of the Kitauwa Senior HighSchool. sent to one of us (S. H.) an ammonite specimen collected from a roadcut (then under reconstruction) about
500 m southwest of the Chikanaga Sta·tion of the National Railway. 1-liromi-cho.
Kitauwa-gun. Ehime Pref.. Shikoku.
When Prof. K. ICHIKAWA visited 1\.yushu University (in July. 1963). this wasshown to Prof. T. r..IATSUii!OTO, who
preliminarily identified it as Chelo11iceras
sp. aff. Ch. minimum CASEY of the Ap·tian age and suggested the need of- - - - - ··----DA.

* ]{eceivcd December 23. 1965: read September 25. 1965. at Nagasaki.

242

507.

Aptian Ammonites from the Shi·m.anto Terrain

243

-Jt."

Text-fig. 1: Index map (left) of Chikanaga district and locality map (right).
Sign x shows the locality of the specimens, OCU. MM901--H06.

Toshihiro IZEKI, teacher of the Kitauwa
junior lligh School.
By the courtesy of Prof. ]. KATTO,
Kochi University. besides. a few trag.
mentary specimens which belong to
the genus Cheloniceras were sent toProf. T. MATSUI\IOTO. just then underwhose supervision we were studying the
Chikanaga specimens. According to his
private communication to Prof. MATSU·
1\!0TO. these specimens had been collected
several years ago from the Uwajima dis·
trict, without record of the precise point.
By his courtesy. they have been trans·ferred to and are now preserved in the
Department of Geology. Kyushu Uni\·ersity.
Before going further. we wish to express our cordi:~! thanks to Professors
Tatsuro iviATSUMOTO and Koichiro !CHI·
KAWA who ha\'e generously rendered us
opportunity of studying these interesting

specimens. gi\·en kind advice and read themanuscript. Thanks are also due to Prof.
]iro KATTO. tvlr. Tsutomu TAKAllA andlVIr. Toshihiro lZEKI. who supplied thespecimens for the study.
Geologic Notes
The Outer Zone of the Southwest japan
is divided by a major tectonic line,
Butsuzo line. into two belts, that of predominantly Paleozoic rocks in the northand that Mesozoic and Lower Cenozoic
strata in the south. The southern one is
occupied by an apparently thiclc andmonotonous series of sedimentary rocks
generally called Shimantogawa Series orComplex. In spite of its wide distribution, it is generally so poor in fossils
and so intensely folded that it used
to be referred to as the .. undifferentiated Mesozoic". Through intensive fossil

244!sao NAKAI ctncl Shiueki. HADA

hunting, however. Late Jurassic, Cretaceous and Early Cenozoic fossils have
hitherto been found here and there. The
locality of the ammonites to be dealt
with in this paper lies at the eastern
margin of the Uwajima area where thefossiliferous. better defined Upper Cretaceous was mapped to be in contact withthe undifferentiated Complex.
The stratigraphic works of the area
have been made by YEHARA (19251,
l'viATSUlAWA and SUGAI (193,1, 36), SUZUKI(1935, 36), KUDO (1950). NAGAI (1957).
NAK:\1'\0 \1965:. etc. In the western partof the area. including the Uwajima (proper). Yoshida and I wamatsu districts,
following succession has been discriminated in descending order ().IATSllt'viOTO(Ed.]. 1954, pp. 97-99).
!4) Uwajima Group. with ammonites
and inocerami indicating the Upper
Gyliakian and the Lower Urakawanages.
(3) Shitaba* Formation. with Jnocerall!lts sp. ali. I. crippsi :.IA~TELL of
Lower (or Lowest) Gyliakian age.
(2) Kitanada
Formation. contammg
limestone lenses with Stromatopora
sp. and Petrophyton sp. cf. P.

miyakoense '{ABE.
:}) Undivided part of the Shimantogawa Complex.
The present fossil locality is includedin the Chikanaga district, eastern part of
the Uwajima area, where SUGAI (in
KOBAYASHI, 1950) distinguished the Upper Cretaceous sequence from the older
complex. The latter was divided, as
YEHAI<A (192·!) did, into the ·• Torinosu
Group" and .. Akigawa Group". Except
for the specimens from Prof. KATTO. thepresent ammonites came from the• Read Shitaba for Shimonami in p. 97 of
1\l.'\TSU~!OTO (Ed.), 195·1. as corrected by
NAGAI (1957, p. 29).

·· Torinosu Group" which is composedof fine sandy-mudstone and sandstones.
with intercalation of a small body oflimestone. As a result of a field survey(by S. H.), the bed exposed at the present
fossil locality is determined as stratigraphically lower than the lenticular
limestone to the southeast of Uchiko,
about l km west-northwest of the ammonite locality. The limestone contains
Petrophyton miyalwense Y·\BE. Although
the field relationship between the fossiliferous Upper Cretaceous and the so-called
Torinosu Group is not yet determined,
owing to complicated structure. it isquite certain that the formation including the limestone-lens and the ammonitebearing bed under consideration should
not be referred to the Upper jurassic.
This formation is probably contemporaneous with the Kitanada formation in
the eastern part of the Uwajima area.
iviATSU:IIOTO (195,1) pointed out previously that the Kitanada formation may
tentatively be assigned to the Miyakoan.

Paleontologic Description
Family Douvilleiceratidae PARONA
and BONAimLLJ. 1897
Subfamily Cheloniceratinae SPATH, 1923
Genus Cheloniceras HYATT, 1903
TyjJe-~pet.:ies :-Ammonites conwelianus

o'ORBIG:>:Y, from Lo\ver Aptian of theParis Basin (by designation of International Commission of Zoological Nomenclature. Opinion -128. 1956).
Subgenus Cheloniceras (s. s.)

Chcloniceras (Cheloniceras) shimizui
Sp. noy.
Pl. 29, fig. 2a-e ; Pl. 30, tigs. 1-4;
Text-figs. 2, 3.

50'l.

Api'ian Ammonites fl·om the Shimanto Terrain

1931. Cheloniceras sp. indet., SHJ:\IIZU, pp. 3334, pl. 3. figs. 12-14.

245

Material:- The holotype, OCU. l\1~vl901,
and six paratypes, OCU. MJ'vl902-905 andGK. H 6901-6902.

Measurements (in mm.) :Specimen
Diameter
OCU.l\fM 901
45.5+(inner whorl of the holotype)
OCU. MM901(outer whorl of the holotype.
less deformed septate part)
OCU. Ml\1902
OCU.MM903
OCU. MM90-l
OCU. MM905
GK. II 6901
GK. !16902

Height14.0

Breadth

33.2

38.3

(1. 15)

(-)

57.0
72.6
78.9

6'1. 6+
66.5
66.5+
125.0
68.0+
62.4+

(1.11+)(0.91)(0. 84+)(-)

Specific Diagnosis :-Shell large andsimilar to Cheloniceras (s. s.) meyendmfti(o'OJHliGNY) in mode of ribbing. Vt'horl
not much depressed \vith rather broadly
arched venter. Lateral tubercles. which
persist until fairly later growth-stages.
smaller than umbilical ones.
Description of hnlotype :-The holotype.
which may represent comparatively
earlier stages of growth. shows the following characters.
The shell is moderately evolute. The
whorl grows rather slowly: it is at first
apparently higher than broad and thennearly as broad as high. being subquadrate in section with a rather broadly
arched venter and parallel. flattened
flanks. The umbilicus is of moderate
size (about 40 per cent of diameter).
surrounded by a rather high umbilicalwall and a subrounded umbilical shoulder. Ribs consist of primaries. secondaries
and intercalatories. They are separated
by narrower interspaces and slightly
prorsiradiate on the flanks crossing nearly straightly over the venter in perpendicular to the siphonal line. and descend
obliquely forwards on the umbilical wall.
The primary has a tubercle respectively

76.0
57.8

(B/H)

(-)

(-)
(0. 89+)(1. 08+)umbilicus
17.2

(~~)

(39-)

(-)
(-)
(-)
(-)
(-)

at the umbilical angle and at the midflank. The umbilical tubercle shows thepinched from which is flattened in lateralview. and triangular and spinose in frontal view The lateral tubercle is conicaland high. The former is larger andhigher than the latter. The secondaries
are branched from every lateral tubercle
with a low angle, forming Y-shape.
The intercalatories are rather thinnerthan the primaries and most of themdisappear on the flanks. but some ofthem reach the umbilical margin or are
combined with the primaries at theumbilical margin. On a half-whorl at
45 mm in whorl-height. there are eight
primaries and one to three intercalatories
bet ween the primaries.
The suture-line is essentially of thesame pattern as that of the type-species,
Cheloniceras (s. s.) cornuelianum.
Descri}Jtion of paratypes :-Six paratypes, which seem to represent late
growth-stage. show the following characters.
The whorls grow rapidly. and thewhorl-section shows a subcircular shapewith a rounded venter, inclined and gently inflated ventrolateral slopes. gently

:2-16/sew .VA/,,-1/ and .'-'hige/;i H.A DA

Text- rig_ 2.

Ch elon ice ra s (Cheloniceras ) shimizui s p. no v .

Paraty pe, GK. H690 1,

con vex and r ather con ve rgent flanks andsubrounded umbi lica l shou ld er. Specimen, OCU. fVlM 90:5, w hich shows theten dency o[ an octagonal shape w it h aflattened and even slightl y. concave
venter at t he whorl-breadth of about
130 mm, is rega r ded as an ext reme varia nt. The umbili ca l wall is rat her hi gh .
Ribs consist of primar ies an d in terca latories. Each prima r y has an umbi licaltubercle w hi ch becomes irregularly to bestrong and stout or to be smaller andfaint, an d has a fa int oblique, oc cassi on ally disappearin g . lat eral tuberc le. 1\:obranchi ng is seen at all. On the flankthe intercalatori es are fine r t han anda lternated with the pri mari es. R ib s a revery stout and p li ca te, a nd becom e to
be separated by g ra dual ly broade r in terspaces. T he r ib-de ns ity fairly decreases
in comparison wit h the y oun g stage. On
the dor sum, as seen in the speci m ens,
OCU. i\ [j\;[ 903 and OCU. \Hv! 904, ther e aret he imp ressi on s which seem to be made.b y t he r ibs on the venter of the earli er

x 2 ; :~.

''horls such as on the outset one o[ theholo type .
The suture-lin e is exposed on t hevent ra l an d ven trolateral parts of OCU.
\ I f\! 905, and alm ost wholly in OCU. MM
902. It is ver y s imilar to t hat of Ch.
Ch. ; curuueliauum , but the externa l sad dle is ve r y s t r ongly bifid.
R rnuar!?:; :-A lthou g ht heavailable
specimens are in completely preserved
and more o r less frag menta r y, t he la r gest
one is pr esumed to be 600 mm in diam ett'r \\·hen restored . The spe~i men,
OCU . \ l i\190:5. is abou t 130 mm wide an dstil l septate. On closer inspection thesef ragmenta ry ones ha\-e proved to be a ll
ident ified with on e species of Ch eloniceras s. s., \\-hich is closely related to
Ch . :Ch . 11 1evendtn~rii
o 'ORBr(;:\'Y J as
defined by CASEY 1962 . By comparison
wit h his detai led description and il lustra tion of C/z. ·Ch.1 rneveu do 1:(ii, the f ollow in g po ints a r e t he disti n ct ion: (1)The present species does no t show thetypical Ch elonicera:; -li ke whorl -sect ion as507.

Aptian Amtnonites from the Shimanto Terrain

Ch. (Ch.) meyendotjji. Its whorl is lessdepressed than the typical one at corresponding size. Its venter does notappear to be so llattened as in Ch. lCh.\meyendor.rfi. (2) The present species has.
conversely, a larger umbilical tubercle
than lateral one. (3) The present species
becomes much larger than Ch. 1Ch.)
meyendorffi. The holotype of the latter.
from Saratov in Russia, is a smaller
internal mould about 50 mm in diameter,while our largest specimen. OCU. Mi\1905.
is estimated to be at least 600 mm in a
restored diameter.
(ell The present
species, as seen on the specimens. OCU.
Ml'vl902-905 and GK. H 6901-6902. hr~s afaint and oblique lateral tubercle on the
primary rib even in the adult stage,
which disappears at about 120 mm indiameter in Ch. (C/z.) meyend01:rji as inmany other species of Clwloniccras (s. s.).
In view of the above mentioned dif·ferences, the present specimens are cer·tainly referred to a new species.
In japan the following species ofClzeloniceras have been reported:i) Cheloniccras subcornuelialllllll (SHJ·~1IZU) (from the Hiraiga Sandstone of
the 1\liyako Group in Iwate Prefecture(Slii~HZl'. 1931) and from the Hibihara
formation in the Ryosel<i valley. Koehi
Pref. (!SlllZAKI. 1960)).
i i) Clzeloniceras sp. indet. Lfrom the"tvlochii Sandstone" (=the Hoji forma·tion?) in the Katsuuragawa valley, Tokushima Pref. (Slll~IIZU, 1931)).
The first species was originally refer·
red to Acanthoplites. but later transfer-247

red to Cheloniceras by J\IATSUI\IOTO
11954). It probably belongs to Cheloniceras lf..;pichdoniccrasl. because it has
ventral tubercles. The second species isrepresented by a rather large, fragment·
ary specimen (65 mm in whorl-breadth)[see Sm:mw, 1931. pp. 33-34, pl. 3. figs.
12-14]. judging from the whorl-section
and the mode of ribbing, it is undoubt·
edly conspecific with the present species.
This is the reason why we give thespeeilk name slzimizui.
Ocwrrence:- The specimens. OCU.
1\IM 901-905, were collected from sandy
mudstone at the road cut inow missedout) about 300m south of the Kitauwa
Senior High School. Hiromi-cho. Kitauwa·
gun, Ehirne Pref. The others. GK. H69016902, were collected also from the same
area. although the very point is not known.
An allied species. Ch. (Ch.) meyendorffi,
is characteristic of the upper Lower
Aptian. as indicated by CASEY (196la).

Cheloniceras (Cheloniceras) sp. aff.
Ch. (Ch.) mi11imum CASEY
Pl. 29, Jig. la, b: Text-fig. -1.

Compare:1962. Che/oniceras (Cheloniceras) 11!!/lliiiU/Il
CASEY, p. 127. pl. 35. tig. 5a-C.

Material :-A single specimen, OCU.
It is incompletely preserved
and represented by an internal mould of
an inner whorl, and a part of the externalmould of outer whorls.
~lr-.1 906.

Measurements (in mm.) :Specimen
OCU. Ml\1906 (inner whorl)

Diameter
20.8

HeightDescription:- The shell was probably
of moderate size.
The whorls growrapidly with a little o.-erlapping. The

8.4

Breadth
10.6(13/H)(L 2ll)Umbilicus
5.0

(3,;)
(24)

early part of the whorl shows an octagonal depressed shape with the broadly
flattened venter and subparallel flanks.

248

lsno N4.K:11 and Shiaeki 1-lADJI

The umbilicus is fairly narrow and deep.
and the umbilical shoulder is rounded.
The shell is ornamented with distinct
and rather sharp ribs which are slightly
narrower than interspaces. They arecomposed of primaries. secondaries andintercalatories. In the inner whorl. ribs
are rectiradiate on the flanks. crossing
almost straightly over the venter. andslightly concave above the siphonal line.
Each of primaries has a pinched. flattened in lateral view. triangular in frontal
view. tubercle at the mid-flank: some ofthem give rise to the secondaries at the
tubercle but some others are single. The
inner half-,.,.·horl has twenty-six ribs.
The suture-line. as far as seen. is es·
sentially of the same pattern as that oftypical species of Che/oniceras.
Remarks:- The better preserved internal mould represents a nuclear part ofa large shell, as shown by the broad ribson the external mould of two outerwhorls. It is clearly distinct from anyother young parts of the hitherto de·scribed species of Cheloniceras (s. s.).

3
4

tE

7mm

0

t

E

0

35mm

Text-figs. 3-4. Suture-line of Cheloniceras (Cheloniceras) shimizui sp. nov .. OCU. MM 902(Fig. 3); Che/oniceras (Chelonice,-as) sp. aff. Ch. (Ch.) minimum CAsEY. OCU. M.M 906 (Fig. 4).

Explanation of Plate 29
Fig. la-b.

Cheloniceras (Cheloniceras) sp. aff. Ch. (Ch.) minimum CASEY
OCU. M.M 906. from sandy mudstone at the road cut about 300m south of the Kitauwa

Senior High School. Hiromi-cho, Kitauwa-gun. Ehime Prcf. Ventral (a) and lateral (b)views, x 3/2.
Fig. 2a-e. Cheloniceras (Cheloniceras) shimizui sp. nov.
The holotype. OCU. M.M 901. from ditto. Two lateral (a, b). frontal (c) and ventral (d)views of the outer whorl and lateral (e) Yiew of the rubber cast from the externalmould of the inner whorl~ of the same indi,·idual. xl.
Photos by NAKAINAKAI and HADA:

2c

Aptian Ammonites

P~ate 29

507.

Aptian Ammonites j1·om the Shima.nto Ten·ain

The inner whorl closely resembles theholotype of Ch. (Ch.) minimum CASEY(1962. p. 127, pl. 35. fig. Sa-c). from theLower Greensand of England. CASEY
believes that Ch. (('h.) minimum is a
micromorph species exceeding no morethan 30 mm in diameter. In the present
specimen, if the two outer whorls werecomplete. the shell would exceed 100 mm
in diameter. Such a state was not recognized in CASEY's specimens. but theevidence does not seem sufficient toregard his specimens as representing anadult shell. If Ch. (Ch.) minimum CASEY istruly a micromorph, the present specimen
probably represents a new species. which
is distinct from but allied to it. but theavailable evidence is not so sufficient as
to enable us to establish a new species.
Occurrence :-The specimen was collected from sandy mudstone at the roadcut about 300m south of the Kitauwa
Senior High School. Hiromi-cho. Kitauwagun, Ehime Pref.
According to CASEY 096la). Cheloni·
ceras (s. s.) is common in the Lower
Aptian in England. and Ch. (Ch.) minimum is known from the Lower Greensandof the Isle of Wight, the Zone of Deshayesiles deshayesi (CASEY, 196la). indicating
the upper Lower Aptian.

Concluding Remarks
Ammonites obtained from the so-called
Shimantogawa Complex of the Chikanaga
district have been identified with two
species of Cheloniceras (s. s.) ; one represents a new species. Ch. (Ch.) shimizui
sp. nov .. and the other has affinity withCh. (Ch.) minimum CASEY.
The subgenus Cheloniceras (s. s.) is
diagnostic of the Aptian.
In JapanClzeloniceras (s. I.) has been reported fromthe Lower l\iliyakoan (~1ATSU\IOTO (Ed.],24~

1954). Therefore, the age of the strata
containing these ammonites is the
Aptian. probably upper Lower Aptian.

References
CASEY. R. (1961a):
The stratigraphical'
Palaeontology of the Lower Greensand ..
Palaeontology. vol. 3. pt. 4. pp. 487-621..
pis. 77-84.
(l961h-62): A Monograph of the Ammonoidea of the Lower Greensand. Part
Ill (196lb). pp. 111-216. pis. xni-XXX\';.
Part IV (1962). pp. 217-288. pis. xxxvixlii. Palaeont. Soc .. London.
Is!IJZ.\KI. K. (1960) : On the Geology and
Tectonics in the Area Northeast of Kochi
City (in Japanese with English abstract) ..
]our. Ceo[. Soc. japan. z•o1. 66. no. 780,.
pp. 553-565.
KoBAYASHI. T. (1950): The Regional Geology of Japan: Shikoku District. 231pp.
Asakura Book Co., Tokyo.
Kz·oo. A. (1950): On the Mesozoic Forma-.
tions in the Area of lwamatsu-machi,.
Ehime Prefecture (abstract) (in Japanese). ]our. Ceo/. Soc. japan. vol 56,.
no. 656. p. 282.
MATse~tOTO. T. (Ed.) (195·1) : The Cretaceous System in the Japanese Islands. 324
pp .. 77 figs .. 20 pis. japan. Soc. Prom ..
Sci. Res., Tokyo.
NAGAI. K. (1957): Explanatory Text of Geologic Map of Ehimc Prefecture. Tomoe-.
ya Book-Shop, Ehime Pref.
NAKA:>;O. M. (1965) :Upper Cretaceous in
Uwajima. lyo Prov .. Ehime Pref.. Shikoku,.
Japan (in Japanese with English abstract). Ceo/. Rep., Hiroshima Univ .. vo/.
1-1. pp. 77-87.
SEt~IIZU, S. (1931) :The Marine Lower·
Cretaceous Deposits of Japan. with Special Reference to the Ammonites-bearing·
Zone. Sci. Rep., Tohoku Imp. Unit•., 2nd'
ser .. Geology. vol. 15. no 1, pp. 1-,JO, pis.
i-iv.
SL·zuKt, T. (1935) : Explanatory Text of theGeologic Map of Japan, Uno-machi (inJapanese with English abstract). 1 map.

!sao N.4KAI and Sh,igeki HADil250

x+-11 pp.. Geol. Surv. japatL- - (19'36) : Explanatory Text of the Geologic .:\lap of Japan, Cwajima (i11 Japanese with English abstract), 1 map. ix+
27 pp .. Ibid.
WRIGHT, C. ,V. (1957): Mesozoic Ammonoidea. in MoORE (Ed.], Treatise 011 !twertebrate Paleontology, Part L. Mollusca 4,------------Chikanaga i!J:
Kitanada:It

pp. L. 180-·190 .. Geol. Surv. Vniv. Kansas
Press.
YEIL... RA, S. (192·1) : On the Izumi-sandstonegroup in the Onogawa basin. Prov. Bungo
and the same group in Uwajima, Prov.
Iyo. japan. jour. Geo/. Geogr .. vol, :J, pp.
27-39.

----~-

Hiromi-cho
Shitaba

Kitauwa-gun :lt1'fnml
Uwajima~.fiJC4J

Explanation of Plate 30
Figs. 1-4. Cheloniceras (Cheloniceras) shimizui sp. nov.
The para types, OCU.l\Hvl902-905, from ditto. All figures x 2/3.
1. Lateral view of OCU. MM 902.
2. Lateral view of OCU. Ml\1903.
·3a-b. Ventral (a) and lateral (b) views of OCU. MM 90-1 .
.J. Lateral view of OCU. !'viM 905.
Photos by NAKAINAKA I and HADA;

Aptian Ammonites

Plate 30

Trans. Proc. Palaeont. Soc. Japan, ~- S., 2\o. 62, pp. 251-259, pl. 31, June 30. 1966.

508.

~fOLLUSCANFOSSILS FR0:\'1 THE NOBORI FORMATIONSHIKOKU. JAPAN*
NAOAKl AOKI

Department of Earth Sciences, Saitama liniYersity

Introduction
In 1953, KATTO, NAKA~IURA & TAKA·
YA:-:AGI described the stratigraphy andpaleontology of the younger Cenozoic
deposits distributed locally at the footof the low mountains along the southerncoast of Shikoku, japan. and they sepa·
rated and proposed a new stratigraphic
unit. the Nobori formation, recognizing
it with unconformity under the wellknown Pliocene .. Tonohama shell bed··.
At first they regarded the Nobori formation as Lower Pliocene on the basis of
the paleontological consideration of themolluscan, benthonic foraminiferal andpollen assemblages. The occurrence ofseven molluscan shells identified bv HATAI was reported from this formation.
OzAKI & K:\TTO 1,19551 listed about -10
species of molluscan shells from theNobori formation and they revised thegeologic age of this formation to Late~liocene.
OzAKI (1956) described nine
new species and subspecies of fossil
molluscs. Later. Tst !CHI (1961) considered• Received ]:-muary 21, 1966:
tember 25. 1965, at Nagasaki.

read Sep.

this formation as Pliocene from theoccurrence of some characteristic Pliocene species of l\lollusca.
Recently. TAKAYANAGI & SAITO (1962)
and SAITO :1962) studied the planktonic
Foraminifera from the type locality of
the Nobori formation.
Describing 51:;pecies they concluded that this horizon
can be safely correlated w·ith the Glo·.?igerina nepenthes Zone of Venezuela
and w·ith the Tortonian of Italy. In
recent years this age determination has
been accepted by many subsequent
workers so far as the published opinions
are concerned. Therefore, the Nobori;ormation is of particular interest forthe study of the so-called Upper l\liocene
faunas in japan.
In the spring of 1965, the author vis·
ited this field to collect foraminiferalmaterial under the guidance of Kenji
KuRIHARA of the Tokyo University of
Education, who has been studying the
Cenozoic stratigraphy and the foramini·feral fossils of this area. They havesucceeded. at the type locality of theNobori formation, in obtaining somemolluscan fossils formerly unknown fromthe present formation.
2!'ilNaoaki A.Ol\1This paper is supplementary to thework by OzAKI & KATTO (1955!. The
newlr discovered species are recorded
and the four species listed by TsUCHI(1961) are figured in this paper. Someof them may serve as useful and significant guide fossils for correlation andage determination of the formation. A
probable faunal affinity of the Nobori
molluscan fauna with the Pliocene Lower
Kakegawa fauna is suggested and one
new species of Harp Shell is describedin the following.

Fossil Locality

The Nobori formation is distributed\·ery narrowly in Hane on the westernside of the :'vluroto Peninsula. and covers
an area of only about 1.5 km by 0.7 km
in maximum dimensions. No equivalentdeposit is found around this are~.
The formation lies on the l\lesozoic
basement rocks and is covered with thegravel bed which is. in turn, overlain
by the marine sediments of the Pliocene
Ananai formation of the Tonohamagroup. The Nobori formation is composed of massive and relatively homogeneous, gray siltstone. with thin intercalations of white tuff and sandy siltstone. The molluscan shells occur sporadically in the siltstone or crowd in thinlenses. They are fragile but rather wellpreserved in general.
The molluscan fossils reported in thispaper were collected from a hill-side cliff,
at Minami-habuki (near Nobori). Nishinohama, Hane-machi, Muroto City, Kochi
Prefecture. situated immediately northof the national highway No. 55 that connects Kochi and Muroto-saki. This locality is the same as the ··Locality A" of
KA TTO. et at. (1953) and is the type
locality of the Nobori formation.

Faunal Hemarks

The following 19 species are distinguished from the Nobori fromation. The
species marked by an asterisk wererecorded by TSUCill (1961).

!\'eilonella coix HADE
Anadara suzukii (YoKOYA:'I!A)Anadara sp. A
Glycymeris nalwmurai j'vlAKlY AM A
Limopsis cumingii ADAl\IS
Limopsis cf. forskalii ADA\-IS* .·lmussiopec/en praesignis (YOKOY Ai\1 A)* \'enericardia panda ('{OKOYA)>JA)
Ventricoloidea jol.'eolata (SOWERBY)
Periploma sp. B
Turritella perterebra YOKOYA:'IIA
Cranulifusus dualis (YOKOYA~IAi
Siphonalia cf. sikokuana NO'>IURA
Babylonia elata (YOKOYAMA)
Fulgoraria cf. cancellata KURODA &HABE*Lyria mizuhonica MAKIYA:\IAl.eucos_vrinx coreanica (ADA:'IIS & REEVE)*SjJirotropis subdeclivis (YOKOYAJ\IA)
Harpa tosa AoKI, n. sp.
Two species of Uma and several gastropod species were also found. They
are not specifically determined becauseof their small importance at present.
Including the species reported by OzAKI & KATTO (1955) and TS"CCIIJ {1961).
more than 60 species have been collectedfrom the Nobori formation, of which 31
are pelecypods, more than 30 gastropods
and 3 scaphopods, and the fauna consistsof the following elements:
1) new species and subspecies 10 species2) specifically indetermined
12 species
3) doubtfully determined
7 species4) characteristic species of
the Lower Kakegawa fauna(so-called Lower Pliocene

508.

Molluscan fossils from the Nobori formation

fauna)
17 species5) elements of Pliocene to
Recent faunas (chiefly ofthe deep water ones distributed along the Pacific sideof southern japan)
17 species
3 species·6) others
It is easily understood that the Nobori
molluscan fauna comprises many elements in common with those of the.. Lower Pliocene" fauna as pointed out
by TsucHI (1961). The species from theNobori formation, being comparatively
small in number. are largely found in
the Ananai formation (='· Tonohama
shell bed") which contains numerous
characteristic species. OzAKI & KATTO(1955) had already realized the presence
Qf such Pliocene elements in the present
fauna. However. they considered that
the Nobori fauna includes several species
whose morphological characters are essentially identical with those of the
Miocene species rather than the Pliocene-ones, and they concluded the fauna is·Of Late :t..~Iiocene age.
It must be noticed that a considerable
number of molluscs from Nobori are the<:haracteristic and important elements of
the Lower Kakegawa group, Shizuoka,.and are found exclusively in this zone.
The representative species are: Glycymeris nakamurai, G. totomiensis ~v!AKI­Y AMA, Amussiopecten praesignis, Venericardia panda, Turritel/a perterebra.
.Cranulzfusus dualis, Ancilla okawai YoKOYA:\IA and Lyria mizuhonica.
The r-.·Iiyazaki group, ranging in age
from Upper J\liocene to Lower Pliocene,is widely developed in the southeasternpart of Kyushu Island. ca. 300 km SW of
the Nobori locality. SnuTo !1952-1962)
clarified a zonal succession of the molluscan fossil assemblages of this group.
Of the ~obori species 20 were found in the~vliyazaki

25:3

group. They are: Glycymeris
nakamurai, G. totomiensis. .4mussiopecten
praesignis. Fenericardia panda. Granulifusus dualis, Babylonia elata. Ancillaokau:ai, Lyria mizuhonica. SpirotrojJis
subdeclivis, etc. In general these species
are found in the upper part of the 1\liyazaki group. that is, the 4th to 6th
horizons or the Amussiopecten praesignisGramdijusus dua/is Zonule of SHUTO,
which is regarded as Lower Pliocene inage and as equivalent to the Lower Kakegawa fauna.
As a result. the following two hypotheses may be proposed :ll Some of the Lower Kakegawa
elements which arc accepted as theLower Pliocene species appear in theNobori formation which is of Late Mio·
cene or Tortonian age, and then range
upwards beyond the tv!iocene-Piiocene
boundary. Therefore. this boundary is
not so definite as considered from themolluscan fossils at present.
2) The current interpretation of thegeologic age and correlation of the Nobori
formation, based on the molluscan andplanktonic foraminiferal fossils, must be
reexamined.
Although it is difficult to determine
an exact stratigraphic relationship or
geologic age based on the abundance or
ratio of the species in common between
the faunas, the present data show that
the Nobori fauna bears a close similarity to the Lower Kakegawa faunarather than to any other Pliocene andMiocene faunas in japan. Some diversities in species association could belargely dependent on differences in
sedimentary environments rather thanin horizons. It seems highly probablethat the Nobori fauna is a member ofthe Lower Kakegawa fauna, representing
the so-called Lower Pliocene fauna according to our present knowledge of theNcwaki AOI\1

2G4

molluscan fossils, and so the Tortonian
dating of the Nobori fauna becomes
questionable.
For overseas correlation of the" Upper
1\liocene to Pliocene·· strata as well as
for determination of the boundary
between these two series in japan, fur·ther detailed and precise evidenct:s are
required. A special attention must be
paid to the more detailed yertical distri·butions of species and their assemblages
in the Upper Miocene to the Lower
Pliocene formations. especially in the
proyince of the " Lower Kakegawa mol·tuscan fauna", that is, in southern japan.

nearly straight postero·ventral margin
with a produced end. The surface isornamented with numerous, wide, low
and flat-topped radial ribs which arevery narrowly interspaced. Some ribs
are dichotomous by a fine longitudinaL
furrow and each subrib is also scalptured
with one or two fine striations in its
dextral part.
This species is probably similar to
Auadara sedanensis (~lARTI~) (NooA,
1965, pl. 11. f. 1-2) known from the Plio·cene Nakoshi sandstone, and to Arzadara
tosaensis NooA (1965, p. 105, pl. 11, f.
11-13) from the Pliocene Ananai forma·tion.

Remarks on the Species

Neilonella coi:r HABE

Glycymeris nakamurai MAKIYA:\IA

Nei/o11elia coix HAllE, 1951. p. 23. tf. 12-13.

Pl. 31, figs. lOa. b

1960, pl. 3,1. f. 1-3.

G/ycymeris nakamurai 1\·IAKIYAMt\. 1927, p. 30,.
pl. l. f. 5-6.

-AOKI,

Neilonella coix was first reported from
Tosa Bay and is known in the Upper
Pliocene beds of ~tiura and Kakegawa.
Saccella confusoides OZAKI (1955. p. 3,
pl. 1. f. 8) reported from Nobori is proba·
bly similar to this species.

The fragmental specimens of Glycy·
meris nakamurai are not rare at the type
locality of the Nobori formation. This
species was reported from the Lower
Pliocene beds of the Kakegawa andMiyazaki groups.

Anadara suzukii (YOKOYACI!AlArea suzukii YoKoYA~!A. 19~6b, p. 368, pl. 42.
f. 6-7.
Auadara (Scapharca) suzukii. ~OUA, 1965. p.
100. pl. 10. f. 3-7, 10-13: pl. ll, f. 9-10.

One mature valve which has 23 radialribs was collected. This species is wide·
spread in the Lower Pliocene formation:;of southern japan.

Li mops is cumi ngii ADAl\tS
Limo psis (Emp/ecouia) cumi11gii ADA~Is. HABE.
1953, p. 203, pl. 2B, f. l. 5.

Limopsis cumingii is frequent in thesiltstone of the Nobori formation.
Limopsis cf. forska/ii ADAMS.lnadara sp. A
One fragment of the postero·ventral
margin of left valve was obtained.
The shell is large in size and has a

Cf. Oblimopa jo1·skalii (ADA~!s), HABE, 1953,
p. 206. pl. 29, f. 17.

Limopsis cf. forskalii is rare in thesiltstone of the Nobori formation.

.508.

255

Molluscan fossils .from the Nobori formation

Amussiopecten praesignis (YOKOY Al\IA)Chione casinaeformis

YoKOY.'\:O.IA,

192Gb. p.

368. pl. -!2. f. 3.

Pl. 31. figs. Sa. b

l'ec/en praesignis YOKOYA~IA, 1922. p. l. pl. 5.
f. 1-3.
Amussiopecten praesignis. AKtYAMA. 1957. p.
33. pl. 7, f. 5-6. -l\IASliDA, 1962. p. 226,
pl. 27. f. 4-5.

This species is comparatively frequentat the type locality of the Nobori forma·tion. About 5 valves and more than 20
fragmental specimens were found there.
The maximum length of the largest
specimen obtained is 84 mm and the shell
outline is nearly circular.
According to !VIASUDA (1962). this species occurs in the Lower Pliocene beds
at various localties of the Pacific side ofsouthern japan.

Venericardia panda (YoKOY AJVIA)
Pl. 31. figs. 1\a. b

Cardita panda YoKOYA:\IA. 1926a. p. 355. pl.
39. l-2.
Venericardia /Janda, MAKlYA~tA. 1927. p. 40,
pl. 2. f. 15-16.
Venericardia (Megacardita) panda. SIIUTO,
1957. p. 81. pl. 22. f. H.

Three specimens of a large size are
obtained. The general shape and characters of the radial ribs are closely similar
to those of Venericardia panda which
was first reported from Dainichi. Shizuoka. and was redefined by SHUTO (1957).
The number of ribs is about 15±1 andthe length of the largest specimen is
50 mm. The stratigraphical occurrenceof Venericardia panda is believed to be
restricted to Lower Pliocene.

Ventricoloidea foreolata (SOWERBY)
Pl. 31. fig. 9

One right valve was obtained. This
Recent species had been reported fromthe Pliocene Ananai formation.

Perip/oma sp. B
The occurrence of the only one ·· Miocene species. Periploma pulchellum ", wasreported by OZAKI & KATTO (1955) fromthe Nobori formation without figures oradequate description. Periploma pulchef·
fum HATAT & NISIYA~lA (19,19. p. 90. pl.
23, f. 17-18) was originally recorded fromthe Upper l\1iocene Kokozura formationin the joban coal field. and is rare! yknown from other localities. but its strat·
igraphical occurrence is restricted tol\liocene so far as known at present.
One species of Periploma is frequentin the siltstone of the Nobori formationand may correspond to P. pulchellum of
OzAKI & KATTO. This is similar to the
Kokozura species. but some forms closely
allied to the Nobori specimens were
found in the Pliocene formations of Kakegawa and southern Kwanto regions.
Consequently, the Periploma species from
Nobori cannot be considered a reliable
index species of the Upper l\1iocene age,
before a further detailed taxonomic
study is made.

Turritella perterebra YOKOYAMA
Pl. 31. fig. 1

Turritella perlerebra YOKOYA:\IA, 1923, p. 11.
pl. 2. f. 2-5.
Turritella (Turrilella) perterebra. loA, 1952.
p. 40. pl. 1. f. 2-3; pl. 7. f. 2. -KOTAKA.
1959. p. 63, pl. 1. f. 1-7: pl. 1-1. f. 1.

Only one specimen was obtained. Ac·
cording to KoTAKA (1959), this species_Naoaki AOKI-256

is restricted in the early Pliocene beds
·distributed along the Pacific coast of
Shizuoka, Kochi and .\liyazaki Prefec-tures.

Granulifusus dualis (YOKOY A :'viA)
Pl. 31, figs. 5a, b-Fusus dua/is YOKOYA~IA. 1928, p. 344, pl. 67,
f. 3. -YOKOYA~IA, 1929, P- 12. pl. 7, f. 5.
·Granulijusus dualis, SmJTO, 1958, p. 25-!, pl.
37, f. 5-6, 10-12.

This species is relatively frequent at
the type locality of the Nobori formation .
.[t \vas reported from the Lower Pliocene
Takanabe and Ananai formations.

Fulgoraria cf. ca/lcellala
KURODA & HAllE

Cf. F11lgoraria cancellata KuRoDA & IL-\BE,1950, p. 34, pl. 5. f. 11.
Cf. Fulgoraria (Psephaea) cancellata cancel·
lata, SIIUTO, 1962, p. 65, pl. 12, f. 1-2, 8.

One imperfect specimen is similar to
the Recent species Fulgoraria cancellata
which was reported from Tosa Bay,
Shikoku.

Lyria mizuhonica MAKIYAMA
Pl. 31. Jig. 6

Lyria mizuhonica MAKIY A:I.L\, 1.927. p. 76, pl.
3, f. l2-13.
Lyria (Paralyria) mizuhonica mizuhocica,
SIIUTO, 1962. p. 71, pl. 12, f. 11-12.

Siphonalia cf. sikokuana NoMURA
Pl. 31. fig. 7·Cf. Siph01w/ia sikokuana No!I.IVRA, 1937, p. 86,

pl. 6, f. 1.

This species. doubtfully assigned to
the Pliocene Ananai species, is occasional·.ly found at the type locality of theNobori formation. The figured specimen
is the largest one obtained, being 34 mm
jn length.

Babylonia elata (YoKOYAi\IA)
Pl. 31, fig. 2.Eburna elata YoKOYA:I.lA. 1923, p. 9, pl. l. f.
16-17.
Babylonia (Babylonia) elata, SBUTO, 1962, p.
43, pl. 6, f. 7-8; pl. 7. f. 1-!. tf. 5.

Babylonia elata is known in the Upper
Miocene to the Lower Pliocene beds ofthe .Miyazaki group and in the Lower
Pliocene beds of the Kakegawa group.
·Only one imperfect specimen was foundin the Nobori formation.

One perfectly preserved specimen of
Lyria was obtained. It is closely similar
to Lyria mizuhonica which is first reported from the Ten'no sandstone of
the Lower Kakegawa group and later
recorded from the Lower Pliocene of thel'vliyazaki group. The specimen from
Nobori has a lower spire so that theshell outline is short and thick. The
short radial plicate ribs are 9 in number
on the last whorl. It is also similar to
the Recent species Lyria jJallidula HABE
(1961, p. 71. pl. 35, f. 10, app. p. 26) reported from the offing of Ashizuri-misaki, Shikoku.

Leucosyrinx coreauica (ADAMS& REEVE)
Pl. 31, figs. 4a, b

Pleurotoma shimomatana YoKOYAMA, 1926a,
p. 330, pl. 38, f. 6-7.
Turricula coreanica (ADA!\IS & REEVE),
KURODA, 1934, p. 386, tf. 15-16.
Le11cosyrinx coreanica, SIIUTO, 1961. p. 104, pl.
8, f. 12; pl. 9, f. 5. 13, tf. 7-8.

508.

Molluscan fossils from the Nobori jiwmation

The fossil record of this Recent species
is from the Pliocene beds along the
Pacific coast of southern japan.

Spirotropis subdeclivis (YOKOYAMA)
Pl. 31, figs. 3a, b
Pleurotoma su!Jlieclillis YoKoY A~r A, 1926a, p.
329, pl. 38, f. 8. - YoKOY A:\IA. 1926b. p.
367. pl. -12, f. 4.
Spirotropis subdecli!!is. SHvro, p. 102, pl. 9,
f. 2-3, 8-9. 11-12, lf. 7-8.

This species is known in the Pliocene
formations of Kakegawa. Tonohama andMiyazaki.

Harpa tosa AOKI. n. sp.
Pl. 31, figs. 12a. b

Only one, rather well-preserved andalmost complete specimens was collected.
It is somewhat deformed transversely
due to the diagenesis.
Shell moderate in size for the genus.
vertically elongate, subovate. tumid :1nd
rather stout. height about 7 em. maximum width about 4 em at the upper
one-third of the shell, consisting of about
five whorls rapidly increasing in size;
protoconch relatively small and compressed globose in shape; spire very low andbluntly pointed at the apex; body whorl
very large, about 5/6 of the size ofthe shell; longitudinal ribs prominenl.
regularly arranged, thirteen in number
at the body w·horl, flat-topped andwide, running parallel to the growthlines; interspaces wider than ribs. posterior edges of ribs tending to pointed
nodes at the shoulder, earlier five ribsof the body whorl covered with callus
layer extending from the inner lip, becoming round-topped, v.·eak and some·257

what indistinct; growth lines fine but
distinct on the ribs and interspaces; nospiral ornamentation present; aperturelarge and wide, subquadrangular inshape, more than 4/5 of the hight of theshell. inner surface smooth. covered witha thick callus layer; outer lip rather
thick ; columella nearly straight, foldnothing; canal short and wide. somewhat
recurved.
Holotype, Saitama Univ., Paleont. Coli.,Reg. no. 112·15; from a hill-side cliff,
at tvlinami-habuki, Nishinohama, Hanemachi, ivluroto City, Kochi Prefecture;
Nobori formation, Upper l\'liocene or
Lower Pliocene.
This is the first record of a fossil
species of Harpa in japan. /larpa tosa,
new species, is distinguishable from the
Recent species of this genus in having
the more elongate and slender shell witha less marked shoulder and a lower spire,comparatively narrower in terspaces oflongitudinal ribs, and better-developed
callus layer on the body whorl and aspire.
Acknowledgements
The author is much indebted to thefollowing persons: l\lr. Kenji KURIHAlL\of the Tokyo University of Education
for help in collecting molluscan shells
and information concerning regional
stratigraphy of southern Shikoku; Dr.
Takayasu UcHio of the University ofTokyo for suggestion on the Neogene
faunas of japan; Dr. Yokichi TAKA·
YA.';AGI of the
Tohoku University,~1essrs.
Sakae OHARA and Toshio
KotKE of the Tokyo University of Education for kind suggestions; Dr. Saburo
KA:-;No and Prof. Wataru IIASHL\!OTO
of the same university for permission
to use their personal libraries and supervision.

258

Naoaki JtOKl
References

AKIYAMA. M. (1957):
Amussiopecten iitomiensis (OTtTI-;A) and its allies fromjapan. Palaeont. Soc. japan. Trans.
Proc .. N. S .. no. 25. p. 31-39. pl. 6-1.
AOKI. N. (1960): £\Iolluscan fossils from the
Nakazato formation in Yokohama. Ibid ..
110. 39. p. 301-306. pl. 34.
HADic, T. (1951) : Genera of Japanese shells.
Pelecypoda No. 1, p. 1-96.
- - (1953): Limopsidae and Arcidae (I) in
Japan. lllust. Cat. ]lzpan. Shells. no. 25.
p. 201-216. pl. 29-30.
- - (1961) : Coloured illustrations of theshells of japan (II). Hoiku-sha. p. 1-182.
app. 1-•16. pl. 1-66.
HATAI, K. & NJsiYA\1A. S. (19·19):New
Tertiary l\Iollusca from Japan.
jour.
Paleont .. z•ol. 23. 110. 1. p. 87-9•1. pl. 23-24.
IDA, K. (1952) : A study of fossil Turrite/lain japan. Geol. Sun•. japan. Rep., 110.
150, p. 1-62. pl. 1-7.
KATTO, ] .. NAKAMURt\, ]. & TAKAY,\NAGI.
Y. (1953) : Stratigraphical and paleontological studies of the Tonohama group.
Kochi Prefecture, Japan. 1\.0chi Univ ..
Res. Rep., vol. 2. 110. 32. p. 1-15. pl. 1-2.
KoTAKA, T. (1959): The Cenozoic Turritel·lidae of Japan. Tohokrt Univ., Sci. Rep.,
ser. 2. vo/. 31. no. 2. p. 1-1:!5. pl. 1-15,
tf. A-B.
KuRODA. T. (193•1) : :\"otes on some interesting species of Japanese shells. Part 2.
Venus. vol. 4, no. 6. p. 379-388.
- - & fL\BE. T. (1950): Vo1uridae in Japan.
lllus/. Cat. japan. Shells. no. 5. p. 31-38.
pl. 5-7.
MAKIY ,nJA, ]. (1927) : Molluscan fauna of
the lower part of the Kakegawa Series
in the province of Totomi, Japan. Kyoto
Imp. Univ .. Coli. Sci., Mem., sn. B. vol.
.1. no. 1, art: 1. p. 1-147. pl. 1-6.
1\lASUIJt\, K. (19tl2) : Tertiary Peclinidae ofJapan. Tolzo/w Uni11., Sci. Rep., ser. 2.
rol. 33. no. 2, p. 117-238, pl. 18-27.
NoDA. H. (1965) : Some fossil Anada1·a fromSouthwest japan. Pa/aeonl. Soc. japan.
Trans. Proc., N. S., no. 59. p. 92-109, pl.
10-11.
NmtLTR;\, S. (1937):
The molluscan faunafrom the Pliocene of Tosa. japan. jour.
Geol. Geogr., l'Ol. 14. no. 3-.J. p. 67-90.
pl. 6.
OZAKI, II. (1956): Some new and interestingmolluscs from l\'liocene Nobori formationin the eastern Koti Prefecture, Japan.
Tokyo Nat. Sci. Mus .. Bull .. vo/. 3. no. 1,
p. 1-6. pl. 1.

Explanation of Plate 31
Fig. 1. Turritella perterebra YoKOYA~lA. x 1.5, Reg. 112-11.
Fig. 2. Babylonia e/ata (YoJWY.o\\tA). x 1. Reg. no. 11243.
Figs. 3a, b. Spirolropis subdeclitJiS (YoJwY,\:1-L\). xI. Reg. no. 112·17.
Figs. 4a. b. Leucosyrinx cm·eanica (ADA\15 & REEVE). x 1. Reg. no. 112•18.
Figs. 5a, b. Granulifusus dual is (YoKOYA\lA). xI. Reg. no. 1121·1.
Fig. 6. Lyria mizuhonica MAKIL\~IA. x l. Reg. no. 11246.
Fig. 7. Siphonalia cf. silwkuana Nor..um.o\. x 1, Reg. no. 11242.
Figs. Sa, b. Amussiopecten p1·aesignis (YoKoYAMA). x0.7. Reg. no. 11238.
Fig. 9. Ventrico/oidea fo~·eo/ata (SmYEIWY). xO.S. Reg. no. 112-10.
Figs. lOa. b. Glycymcris nakamurai MAKIYAMA. x0.6. l{eg. no. 11237.
Figs. 11a. b. Venericardia panda (YoKoYAMA). x0.9. Reg. no. 11239.
Figs. 12a. b. Harpa tosa AoKI. n. sp. x 0.9. Holotype. Reg. no. 11245.
All of the illustrated specimens were collected from the type locality of t~e Nobori formation: a hill-side cliff. at Minami-habuki, Nishinohama. Hane-machi. Muroto-City. Kochi
Prefecture. and are presen·ed in the paleontological collection of the Department of Earth
Sciences, Saitama Uni\'l'rsity.

AOKI ; Mollusca from Nobori

Plate 31

5b

508.

Molluscan fossils from the Nobori fonnotion- - & KATTO. J. (1955) : On the Miocene
Nobori formation. Koti Prefecture. Kochi
Uniu .. Res. Rep., 1101. 4. 110 1. p. 1-7.
SAITO. T. (1962) : Notes on Globigerina 71C·
penthes Toon. 1957. Pal aeon/. Soc japan.
Trans. Proc .. N. S .. no. 48. p. 331-3·12. pl.
51-52.
SIIUTO, T. (1952) : Stratigraphical study of
the Miyazaki group. Kyushu Uni11 .. Fac.
Sci., lvlem., ser. D. vol. 4. no. 1. p. 1-40.
- - (1957) : Crassate/lites and l'enericardia
from the Miyazaki group. fbid., z•o/. 6.
110. 2, p. 69-89, pl. 1.
- - (1958): Granulifusus from the 1\liyazaki group. Palaeont. Soc. japan. Trans.
Proc .. N. S .. no. 31. p. 253-264. pl. 38.
- - (1960): On some pectinids and venerids
from the J\Iiyazaki group. Kyushu U1ziv ..
Fac. Sci .. Mem .. ser. D. t•ol. 9. no. 3. p.
119-1<19. pl. 12-14.
- - (1961a) : Palaeontological study of the
Miyazaki group-A general account of
the faunas. Ibid .. z•ol. 10. no. 2. p. 73206. pl. 11-13.
- - (196lb): Conaccan gastropods from theMiyazaki group. fbid .. 1101. 11. no. 2. p.
71-150. pl. 3-10.
- - (1962):
Buccinacean and volutacean
gastropods from the -.Miyazaki group.
Ibid., vol. 12. no. 1. p. 27-85. pl. 6-13.

T.\KAYAt'AGl. Y. & SAITO, T. (1962): Planktonic Foraminifera from the Nobori
formation. Shikoku. Japan. Tohoku Unil' ..
Sci. Rep., ser. 2. SJ1ec. Fol. no. 5. p. 67106. pl. 24-28.
Tsuc111. R. (1961) : On the late Neogene
sediments and molluscs in the Tokai
region. with notes on the geologic historyof the Pacific coast of Southwest Japan.
japa11. jour. Geo/. Geogr., vol. 32. nos. 3-4.
p. 437-456.
YoKoY MIA, M. (1922) : On a new speciesof Pecten from the !\eogene of Japan.
Geol. Soc. japan, jo11r .. z:ol. 29. 110. 350.
p. 1-2. pl. 5.
- - (1923): Tertiary Mollusca from Dainichiin Totomi. Imt1. Unir:. Tokyo. Col/. Sci ..
jour .. r•o/. 45. art. 2. p. l-18. pl. 1-2.
- - ( 1926a) : Tertiary Mollusca from southern Totorni. Imp. Unit·. Tokyo. Fac.
Sci .. Jour .. sec. 2. vol. 1. pt. 9, p. 313-364,
pl. 38-41.
(1926b): Tertiary shell:; from Tosa.
//lid .. vol. 1. pt. 9. p. 365-368. pl. '12.
- - ( 1928) : Shells from llyuga. Ibid., 110/.
2. pt. 7. p. 331-350. pl. 66-67.
- - (1929) : Pliocene shells from Tonohama,Tosa. Imp. Geol. Sury. japan. Rep., no.
104. p. 9-14 . pl. 7-8.

- - - -

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