Other Invertebrates

281282Other Invertebrates――――――――――

Many other groups of animals other than those introduced in previous chapters are consumed asfood in Mekong river basin. Mammals, birds, crustacean, spiders are sold in market. Several ofthem are collected in the neighborhood and used daily. In this section, we will introduce
crustacean and spiders.
Among crustacean, shrimps and crabs are commonly sold and purchased. Most of the species
used in inland are freshwater source. We confirmed close to ten species of crustacean in this study.
Identification of crustacean is difficult at the site, so it is assumed that there are more species being
used. In large markets, marine crabs are also sold but we did not include them in this report.
Macrobrachium rosenbergiiis cultured and has higher commercial value, so its distribution is stable.
Other smaller shrimps and freshwater crab (Order Brachyura) are wild caught. Most of the catches
that are sold in large quantity are collected in rivers and lakes, but many are also from paddies andmarshes. Many of the food that are caught and consumed at home are Mizube no Sachi and areforaged from neighboring shallow waters. Common cooking methods for those are deep frying,roasting, stir-frying and boiling. These home-style dishes can be found in restaurant menu, andsalted stir-fried small shrimps are the most popular and sold at food stalls as well.
As for spiders, so-called tarantulas are used as food. Both live and cooked ones are sold in market,
but cooked ones are seen more often. Tarantulas are more preferably eaten in some parts ofCambodia and it is not rare occasion to come across them in markets in those areas. Most of thetime tarantulas are deep fried to eat. In this study, spiders other than tarantulas were notconfirmed.

283

Morphology of Crustacea
Total length
RostrumLeg
1stparaeopod
2nd paraeopod

TergumMorphology of Spider

Pedipalpus
Eye

Cephalothorax
Body length
Abdomen284

Order: Decapoda
Family: Palaemonidae

Palaemonidae spp.
LA

Khung

KH

Kompuh

TH

Khung

VN

Tep rong

Tép rong

JP

Tenaga-Ebi and its allies

テナガエビ科の複数種

Remarks

General Information

20 Jan. 2013 Pakse New Market,Champasak, Laos

Smaller species of these shrimp measure about 4 to 7cm, andlarger species of Macrobrachium rosenbergii are about 30cm
long.

Large male species have a long second pair of legs,

often longer than its body. Their habitat is mainly fresh
water but they migrate to the ocean during the breading
season.

They prefer areas with aquatic plants and somecurrents to live in.
Use
For the people in Indo-China, these shrimp are popular food

27 Jan. 2013

Khung teng
Vientiane Capital, Laosand are consumed daily. Large shrimp are sorted and sold by themselves, while smaller ones are
mixed in with other aquatic organisms and sold.

Their preparation methods are; roast, stir-fry,cook, boil, and steam. They are also used in an omelet, soup, and a salad.
raw.

Some people like it

In Laos, there is a dish in which live shrimp are mixed in a herb salad with chili. In

Cambodia, there is a fried bun with shrimp.
These shrimp are abundant in marsh areas with aquatic plants.
nets or by using traps.

People catch them by hand-held

They are often caught and consumed at home, so it is commonly seen ineveryday meals.

285

20 Jan. 2013

Pakse New Market, Champasak,Laos

07 Jul. 2011

Kampong Cham, Cambodia

28 Nov. 200926 Nov. 200918 Feb. 2010

15 Sep. 2007

Champasak, Laos

Siem Reap, Cambodia

Vientiane Capital, Laos

26 Nov. 2009

Dong Borng, Vientiane Capital,Laos

Dong Borng, Vientiane Capital,
Laos

15 Sep. 2007

Tonle Sap, Siem Reap, Cambodia

286Order: Decapoda
Family: Palaemonidae

Macrobrachium rosenbergii
LA

Khung kam ngai

KH

Bon kong

TH

Khung yaiVN

Tom cang xanh

Tôm càng xanh

JPOni-tenaga-ebi

オニテナガエビRemarks

General Information
Their habitat range is from South Asia to Southeast Asia
and North Australia.

19 Jul. 2010

Kratie, Cambodia

It is said to originate in Malay

Peninsula. The maximum length is 32cm for male and 25cm
for female.

When a male extends its claws, it exceeds 80cm.

The body is brownish-red, and its claws are dull blue.

Theylive along a downstream river to a brackish water region andmove down to the ocean during the laying period.
09 Sep. 2007

Vientiane Capital, LaosUse
They are seen at market regularly, often sold alive in a fish tank or in a basin.

Roasting, frying,boiling and steaming are the common method for cooking this shrimp. They are popular on menus
in eateries.

They are cultured worldwide and so as in Thailand and Vietnam in Indo-China region.

287

19 Nov. 2009 Thong Khan Kham Market,Vientiane Capital, Laos

12 Sep. 2007 Thong Khan Kham Market,Vientiane Capital, Laos

2008.Nov.03

16 Jan. 2013

Central Market, Phnom Penh,Cambodia

03 Nov. 2008

Phnom Penh, Cambodia

288

Bang Lam Phoo Market, KhonKaen, Thailand

Order: Decapoda
Family:Brachyura spp.
LAKa pouKH

Kdarm，Kdarm srae，Kdarm
phnom

THPoo，PuVN

Cua dong, Ba khia

Cua đồng, Ba khía

JPKani

カニ類Remarks

General Information
They have one pair of claws.

27 May 2009 Xiangmouak, Louang
Phrabang, Laos

The form of their claws andshape of their teeth vary significantly reflecting their typesof diet. The structure of their shells differs as well, fromones with protuberance and bristle hair to others withsmooth shells.

Females have a broader abdomen than themales because females lay eggs and protect them in theabdomen. They are found in every type of aquatic region,
so they have a wide variety of lifestyles.

Some even dig

deep holes in sandy clay, live in a forest floor, or up a tree.

20 Jan. 2013

Champasak, LaosUse
In the market, freshwater crabs that belong to two families in the Parathelphusidae, were sold.
They are prepared by frying, roasting, boiling, steaming, or put in a soup.
ingredients in fish sauce (crab sauce).
with citrus juice squeezed on top.

They are also used as

In Cambodia, these crabs are pickled with salt and served

In Xayabury province in Cambodia and northern Thailand,people typically use crab paste called Nam Pou. Nam Pou is made by crashing the crabs, straining
the juice, mixing in salt and spices (galangal root, garlic, and chili) then boiling this down until it
becomes paste.
noodles.

Nam Pou is used as a dip for vegetable and steamed sweet rice, or put in soups andIt can be stored up to 1 to 2 years.

The crabs that are used in Nam Pou are often

collected in paddies near houses, and it is said that the smaller the size, the better the taste.
Smaller crabs living near paddies are often caught by hand.

A collector would put his hand in acrabs’ burrow which is found along the rim of the rice paddies and pull out the crabs.
live in mountain streams are often caught by using funnel traps.
who catches mid-sized crabs with his hand.
would nip his fingers.

Crabs that

The research team met a person

He would put his hand in a crab’s burrow and a crab

He would pull them out so his hands were full of scratches.

289

27 May 2009Xiangmouak, Louang Phrabang,Laos

27 May 2009

Xiangmouak, Louang Phrabang,Laos

27 May 2009

Somanniathelphusa sp.

23 Jul. 2008

Somanniathelphusa sp.

12 Sep. 2007

Dong Makkai, Vientiane Capital,Laos

Somanniathelphusa sp.

Dong Makkai Market, VientianeCapital, Laos

30 May 2009

Xiangmouak, Louang Phrabang,
Laos

10 Jun. 2007

Nonsard Market, VientianeCapital, Laos

Talat Sao, Vientiane Capital, Laos

14 Sep. 2011

290

Khammouane, Laos

12 Sep. 2011

Bolikhamsai, Laos

17 Jul. 2010

Cheo-Nam Pou
18 Sep. 2011 Sainyabuli, Laos

Phnom Penh, Cambodia

Cheo-Nam Pou18 Sep. 2011 Sainyabuli, Laos

27 May 2009

Na Kham, Louang Phrabang, Laos

27 May 2009

Na Kham, Louang Phrabang, Laos

27 May 2009

Na Kham, Louang Phrabang, Laos

22 Nov. 2009

Na Kom, Vientiane Province, Laos

291

Pilosamon sp.
Feb.2010 Laos

Pudaengon hinpoon

Parathelphusidae: Esanthelphusa sp.
Feb.2010 Cambodia

Parathelphusidae: Heterothelphusa beauvoisi
Feb.2010 Cambodia

Parathelphusidae: Sayamia germaini
Feb.2010 Cambodia

Parathelphusidae: Sayamia melanodactylus
Feb.2010 Laos

Parathelphusidae: Somanniathelphusa lacuvita
Feb.2010 Cambodia

Parathelphusidae: Somanniathelphusa sp.
13 Sep. 2007 Dong Makkai Market, Vientiane
Capital, LaosFeb.2010 Laos292

Order: Araneae
Family: Atypidae

Haplopelma sp.
LABungKH

Aping krobai

THVNNhenNhện

JP

Oo-tsuchi-gumo (Tarantula)

オオツチグモ(タランチュラ)

Remarks

Basic Information
They are often called Tarantulas in general.

They measure

18 Jul. 2010 Kampong Cham,Cambodia

about 8 to 10cm. They are large arachnids with a stocky
body covered with bristle hair. Legs are thick and joints areshort. There are a group of species called the Tree Spiders.
Their nests are made in hollows of tree trunks above ground.
The Earth Tiger makes the nest underground or under thefallen, decomposing tree.

Usually Tarantulas live one pernest, but sometimes female lives with her offspring while
they are young.

Tarantulas have a very long life span,some live a few decades.

03 Nov. 2008 Central Market, PhnomPenh, Cambodia

Use
The research team observed tarantula (Haplopelma longipes) sold at market.
sold after being cooked, but live ones are occasionally sold.

Tarantulas are often

They are usually served fried.

Kampong Cham in Cambodia is known for Tarantula catching and many residents collecttarantulas.

Recently catching tarantulas is also becoming popular in Kampong and Siem Reap.

293

18 Jul. 2010

Kampong Cham, Cambodia

18 Jul. 2010

Kampong Cham, Cambodia

18 Jul. 2010

Kampong Cham, Cambodia

18 Jul. 2010

Kampong Cham, Cambodia

18 Jul. 2010

Kampong Cham, Cambodia

21 Jul. 2009294

Vientiane Capital, Laos

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