Technical aspect of REDD+ demonstration
activities of JICA
-Required skill and technical optionsInternational Technical Seminar
Towards developing a framework of global REDD+Session 2
How should REDD+ demonstration activities be implemented and scaled up?

Japan Forest Technology Association
KEI SUZUKI
February 8, 2012

Three Contents of REDD+
RELs/
RLs
•How to taking into accountnational circumstances•Separation of natural cause
and antropogenetics

REDD+
measures

Safeguard•What is Safeguard•Criteria and Indicator•How to address these issues•Monitoring system

MRV•National communication andinternal monitoring system•Benefit distribution andperformance indicatorThree Scales of REDD+National Scale

Sub-NationalScale

Project Scale

Sub-NationalScale

Project Scale

Project Scale

Sub-NationalScaleOutline of the JICA REDD Study“Study on Potential Forests and Land Related toClimate Change and Forests”■Objectives
The Study contributes to facilitation of international efforts for
mitigation of global climate change under UNFCCC throughidentifying the potential areas for A/R CDM projects and thereducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation indeveloping countries (REDD) and examining possibilities of nonUNFCCC approaches in Viet Nam.

■Duration
From September 2009 to March 2012（two year and 7 months）

Seven (7) Main Components of the Study
1. Development of Activity Data using RS data
2. Development of Emission Factor using NFI
3. Setting interim RL/RELs for REDD and estimating
cost and beneficial effects associated with A/RCDM and REDD
4. Model land survey
5. Preparation of “the Basic Plan for REDD+
Development in Dien Bien Province”
6. Development of method on monitoring for changeof forest carbon
7. Provision of information to potential investors
5One Methodology for Estimating Carbon Change
Activity Data

Emission Factor

Arrangement of existing data
and/or searching archived data

Arrangement of existing

Classification using various
kinds of technique

Discussion and design offield survey

Forest Types
Map

Existing Biomass
by Forest types

Estimating Carbon Change

REL/RL

Taking into account of
national circumstancesDevelopment of the forest distribution maps
Existing Data
 RS imagery
 1st cycle 1991 – 1995: Landsat TM 2nd cycle 1996 – 2000: Landsat TM+SPOT
 3rd cycle 2001 – 2005: Landsat ETM+
 4th cycle 2006 - 2010: SPOT5
 Visual interpretation and correction
through field surveys

 Over 30 detailed LU/LC categories

1990

2000

2010

Satellite Imageries

Classification

Development of AD-1

Development of AD

Development of the forest distribution maps
Results (National Scale)(million ha)

Legend1407.Plantation
1206.Other Forest

1005.Deciduous Forest

804.Rehabilitat Forest

603.Evergreen_F ( poor)

4202.Evergreen_F ( medium)

001.Evergreen_F ( rich )
1990

1995

2000

2005

2010

National scale forest type area changes from 1990 in Viet Nam

Results-3 (summary in regions)Arrangement of the national forest inventory data
Existing Data

A sample plot system

4 cycles from 1991 with 5 years interval

1st cycle 1991 – 1995:

3,000 Plots

2nd cycle 1996 – 2000:

3,800 Plots

3rd cycle 2001 – 2005:

4,200 Plots

4th cycle 2006 - 2010:

2,100 Plots



8km systematic sampling

1 plot consisting with 40sub-plotsSub-Plot size=20m×25m Rectangle

Arrangement of the national forest inventory dataResults (Mean AGB+BGB par Regions and F.Types(CO2t/ha)
※2
※1
1
2
3
4
5
6
78
910111214

1604

2

34282

181
144

157
157

5678910111275

178

279
115

798
508516
417

299
275
272
272

158
135
171

131
94
116

78
66
82

219
118
181

465
502
511

271
282
291
280

110
158
162
120

115
148
135
128

86
138
91
104

122
249
199
240

196
153
189

104

92

165
146
105

253

292
271

4

67
103
70
85
94
163
106
102

※１(Bio-ecoregions);1=Cardamom Mountains rain forests, 2=Central Indochina dry forests, 3=Indochina mangroves, 4=Luang Prabang montane rain forests,
5=Northern Annamites rain forests, 6=Northern Indochina subtropical forests, 7=Northern Vietnam lowland rain forests, 8=Red River freshwater swamp forests,
9=South China-Vietnam subtropical evergreen forests, 10=Southeastern Indochina dry evergreen forests
11=Southern Annamites montane rain forests, 12=Southern Vietnam lowland dry forests, 14=Tonle Sap-Mekong peat swamp forests※2（Forest types）; 1=Evergreen broadleaf forest(rich forest), 2=Evergreen broadleaf forest(medium forest), 3=Evergreen broadleaf forest(poorforest), 4=Evergreen broadleaf forest(rehabilitationr forest), 5=Deciduous forest, 6=Bamboo forest, 7=Mixed timber and bamboo forest, 8=Coniferous
forest, 9=Mixed broadleaf and coniferous forest, 10=Mangrove forest, 11=Limestone forest, 12=PlantationArrangement of the national forest inventory data
Existing Data

2000

1995

1990

90’～95’95’～00’

2005

00’～05’

201000’～10’How to cook these basic information
to identify carbon changes

Discussion through SBSTA expert meeting
about understanding of REL/RL What is/are the difference(s) between RL and REL and theassociated methodological differences?
－Recommend guidance Can a Party propose REL/RLs for a subset of REDD+ activity
types?
－If yes, under what conditions? (e.g. must include Deforestation)
 When is it appropriate to adjust extrapolated historical trends orestimates?
－To address national circumstances, on a case by case basis－What type of information is needed to support adjustment?
 What information should be provided and in what form for thedetermination of REL/RL?
 What aspects of the construction of RL/RELs should allow forcomparability among countries?

 How can we avoid perverse incentives through the exclusion ofpools or activities?

Technical Option when Estimation of Carbon Change

Item to beconsideredOption 1

Method ofcalculation

Integrating Emission Separating Emission
and Removal
and RemovalUnits ofAggregation

Regional Scale byAdministrative Units

15

National Scale

Option 2Technical Option when Estimation of Carbon Change
Method of Calculation
150

C Stockin 1990
(Ct)

・・・・・・

C Stockin 1995
(Ct)

・・
・100

C Stock Change 50
1990 to 1995
090'-95'

95'-00'00'-05'05'-10'-50
-100
-150

・ Integrate-200
・・250

150
Emission
Factor50
Change1990 to 1995 -50(Ct/ha)F.Type area
Change1990 to 1995
(ha)

(M CO2t)(M CO2t)90-95’

95-00’

00-05’

05-10’-150

・・・・・・

・・-250

Deforestation

Afforestation

Remaining ForestTechnical Option when Estimation of Carbon Change
How to detect forest type area change utilizing GIS technique

Technical Option when Estimation of Carbon Change
Units of Aggregation
250(M CO2t)

National Scale

150
50-50

90-95’

95-00’

00-05’

05-10’-150-250
Deforestation

100
80
60
40
200-20-40-60(M CO2t)

90～95’ 95～00’ 00～05’ 05～10’

North Region

100
80
60
40
200-20-40-60

AfforestationRegional
Remaining Forest

90～95’ 95～00’ 00～05’ 05～10’

Central Region

100
80
60
40
200-20-40-60

Regional Scale

90～95’ 95～00’ 00～05’ 05～10’

Sounth RegionSummary of Interim REL/RL based on BAU

250

Total=-0.62 M CO2t （From2010 to 2015）⇒-0.124 M CO2t/year
Average=212.7 M CO2t

150
50

Average=-46.7 M CO2t
-50

'90 -'95'95 -'00'00 -'05'05 -'10-150

Average=-166.7 M CO2t
-250

Deforestation

Reforestation

Forest remain
ForestRequired skills
Activity Data

Emission Factor

 Basic understandingof remote sensing Knowledge of ecosystemand forest types

 Technique of forest
type classification

 Basic understanding ofstatistical approach

Estimating Carbon
ChangeREL/RL GIS technique Knowledge of Database Modeling Socio economic
knowledge

Taking into account ofnational circumstancesFurther issues to be discussed
How to interpret national circumstances
Model figure in the case of setting REL to be a loss offorests by 661 due to the termination of 661 program

REL with supposed forest
reduction due to the
Carbon emission

termination of 661program
BAU from historical trend
Real scenario
Carbon credit

1990～95

95～00

00～05

05～10

10～15

Thank you for attention(Nghe An Province May,2005, Nobumitsu MIYAZAKI)

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