Global Process on Water and Disasters- Where we stand and the Role of Global Earth Observation-

The World is still facing multiple water challenges

SDG Targets on Water

11.5：WATER-RELATED DISASTER RISK REDUCTION
Significantly reduce loss of people and number of affected people andeconomic loss by disasters including water-related ones3

Progress and Forecast of SDG WASH Targets by 2030
Drinking Water

Sanitation

Hygiene
100

98
90

88

90

81
70

78
7367 67474

Water-related Disasters Happening in the World

FloodsDroughts

Debris Flow/Slides

HurricanesTsunami/Tidal waves

Number of people affected by disasters(2000-2019)
Earthquake:
Storm:
118 million
727 million (3 %) Temperature:
109 million(18%)

Drought:
1.43 billion
(35%)

(3 %)

Total:
4.0 billion

Flood:
Flood
1.65 billion
Drought(41%)
Storm
Earthquake
Temperature
OthersNumber of people affected by disasters
94%
ofdisastersare(2000-2019)

water-related
ones
Earthquake:
Storm:
118 million
727 million (3 %) Temperature:
109 million
(18%)
(3 %)

Drought:
1.43 billion(35%)

Total:
4.0
Flood:billion
Flood

1.65 billion
Drought(41%)
StormEarthquake
Temperature
OthersGlaciers of the world has become thinner by 20
meters in the recent 35 years.
Cumulative mass balance of glacier in thepast 35 years (1980-2016)

Source:NOAAHighlight of Water Challenges in Asia
500 million people in the Asia and Pacific do not have access to basic
water supplies.
1.14 billion people in the Region lack access to basic sanitation. SDG
target will not be met if current trend continues.
80% of wastewater by cities is discharged untreated.
Over 80% of water-related disasters occur in Asia and Pacific.
Access for water and sanitation in Small Island Developments States(SIDS) are far below glow average.
There are major transboundary water courses in Asia where water
cooperation is critical for economic and social growth.

We are at the critical juncture ofdecision-making- The UN 2023 Water Conference, after lapse of
46 years, and the Asia Pacific Water Summit-

Global water policy process and related actions (1970- )UN-related Actions
1980-

UN Policy Process

1977

UN Water Conference, Mar del Plata

1947-

International Water Association
1990-

UN Water Decades, Years, andDays (5 UN Days & 5 Decades)

1992

ICWE (Dublin Water Conference, 1992)
UN Water-and-Climaterelated Representatives,
Rapporteurs and Envoys

Non-UN Actions

UN Conference on the Environment andDevelopment (Rio Earth Summit)
2000

UN Millennium Summit and MDGs

Water Supply and Sanitation
Collaborative Council
World Water Week

1991-

World Water Fora and WWC

1997-

Global Water Partnership

1997-

2002
2003-

UN-Water
2004-2015
UN SG’s Advisory Board on
Water and Sanitation (UNSGAB)
2010-

Sanitation and Water for All
2016-2018

WSSD (Johannesburg Earth Summit)
2006-2007

14th-15th UN CSD

Asia Pacific Water Forum andother regional water conferences

2015
World Conference on DRR & Sendai Framework

UN Sustainable Development Summit & SDGs

Singapore Int’l Water Week

COP 21 & Paris Agreement

High-level Panel on Water
Water and Climate Coalition
and Leaders Group2007‐2018

6th UN High Level Political Forum
UN 2023 Water Conference

12APWS4, a critical step towards UN 2023 Water Conference
Global Process on DRR, Water, and Climate Change
2015

Sendai Framework

Water-related SDGs

Paris Agreement

3rd Asia Pacific water Summit

2018

Global Platformfor DRR

2020

Water Action Decade(2018-2028)

COP22-25

Singapore Water Conference

Global Platformfor DRR

Bonn Intl. Water Conference

COP26
9th World Water Forum

2022

Global Platformfor DRR

4th Asia Pacific WaterSummit
Lisbon Ocean Conference

COP27
Prep. Con of UN 2023 Conference

2023

Sendai Mid-term
ReviewUN Mid-term Review ofWater Action Decade4th Asia Pacific Water Summit (4th APWS)

4th Asia-Pacific Water Summit








Date: 23rd(Sat) – 24th (Sunday) April, 2022
Venue: Kumamoto Castle Hall, Kumamoto City, Japan in hybrid format
Organizer: Asia Pacific Water Forum
Co-host: HELP and Government of JapanCountries: 30 countries of Asia and the Pacific
Participants: 5,500 participants including 18 Heads of State and Government
Theme: Water for Sustainable Development
Structure: Opening, The Summit Meeting by Heads of State and Government, 4 Integrating
Sessions, 9 Thematic Sessions, and other sessions and side events
 Outcomes: Kumamoto Declaration, Chair’s Summary, and Kumamoto Initiatives

15

- Asian message to UN 2023 Water Conference -The Leaders of the Asia and Pacific decided“We should change our society into qualityoriented ones that are more resilient,sustainable, and inclusive ones. ”

Excerpts from Kumamoto Declaration by Heads of State
Transformation towards a quality-oriented society
We have reached a collective understanding that recovery from the pandemic requires transformation into
quality-oriented societies that are resilient, sustainable, and inclusive.
Resilience involves efforts to reduce water-related disaster risk on a cross-sectoral, whole-of-river basin andaquifer basis. We will also continue improving water security and access to water and sanitation.
Sustainability involves placing water at the center of the political agenda. We will promote climate change
mitigation measures while utilizing low-emission energy sources in conjunction with adaptation measures Also, wewill promote green infrastructure that can provide mitigation and adaptation benefits for achieving carbon-neutral
societies in harmony with nature and biodiversity conservation.
Inclusiveness involves maintaining the current trend of improvement towards achieving SDGs in the Asia Pacificregion. Without waiting until 2030, we will work towards achieving access to safe and affordable drinking waterand sanitation facilities for all, including women, youth and elderly persons, ending open defecation. We will rectify
inequalities in access to water and sanitation services and protection from disaster risk.
In all water-related sectors, the barriers, breakthroughs, opportunities, and ways forward for reform andimprovement in the three areas of governance, finance, and science and technology need to be identified andthoroughly discussed. We invite all gathered at the 4th APWS to discuss this question, formulate particularly
substantive answers, and make this an outcome of the Summit.

Recommendation of the Asia Pacific Water Summit“Governance, Finance, and Science and Technology
are the Keys for Water Sector Transformation”

APWS Recommendation in Chair’s Summary
The following outcomes of the Summit sessions are the answer to the inquiry by Heads of State and Government:
1. Towards a Sustainable Society
Governance: Mainstream integrity and transparency practices across water organizations as a foundation totransform all water subsectors. Invest in human resources, inter alia, to achieve this result. Creating trans-sectoral,
stakeholder-inclusive and fully transparent governance is key. The concept of valuing water should be embedded in
the minds and actions of all stakeholders
Finance: Given the off-track status of SDGs, drastically increase total investment in the water sector. Direct andindirect benefit of water investment should be numerically articulated to convince finance institutions and taxpayers
and attract investors by developing and standardizing the analytic method for this purpose.
Science and Technology: We cannot improve what we cannot measure. The collection, archiving, and sharing ofwater data and information, including those of water risks, should be promoted through establishing appropriate
frameworks and organizations, as well as prioritized investment. Transboundary information sharing is particularly
important. Building global observatories should be supported by the Region
2. Towards a Resilient Society
Science and Technology: Position science and technology as “a game changer” towards a fully resilient post-corona
society through three actions: Promote water cycle consilience by accelerating the Open Science policy, particularly
focusing on observation, modeling and data integration; Foster "Facilitators," that is, catalytic beings who can leadthe way toward resolving problems by providing professional advice on-site using a broad range of scientific andindigenous knowledge; and Work together beyond disciplines and sectors among different levels while taking anend-to-end approach… Slow-onset changes should be given special attention.

3. Towards an Inclusive Society
An inclusive society is a must not only for the achievement of SDGs but also as an engine for socio-economicgrowth. For this purpose: make gender equality and social inclusion a core goal for any institution; to aim all
budgets to be at least responsive to gender and vulnerability; carry out gender and inclusivity analysis at all levels
as a core component of research; empower youth to provide solutions and demonstrate their expertise in areas oftechnology, innovation, and data;
4. Towards the UN 2023 Water Conference and Beyond
Connection and linkage of Water, Climate Change, and disaster risk reduction (DRR) were the core focus of theSummit. The Kumamoto Water Initiative announced by the Government of Japan at the Summit focuses on thesethree issues in an integrated manner. As such, we recommend that Water, Climate Change and DRR are discussed
as a key topic for global processes, particularly the UN 2023 Water Conference. It is expected that the KumamotoWater Initiative will make progress by enlarging the circle of commitments in the Region and beyond.

The Role of Earth Observation-We cannot improve what we cannot measure-Global trend to position water data as the top priority issue
Conferences/Panels in which Water Data was positioned as toppriorities issues in their recommendation
 High-level Experts and Leaders Panel on Water and Disasters (HELP),2009
 High-level Panel on Water by UNSG and World Bank President,
2018 SDG6 Global Acceleration Framework,2020
 UNSGAB+5, 2021
 The Bonn Water Conference, 2021
 The 4th Asia Pacific Water Summit, 2022
 The 2nd Meeting of Dushanbe Water Process, 2022
 Water and Climate Leaders, 2022

Global Earth Observation to improve water policies, practices
and their integration
気象予報データ

Observation Satellites

出典：気象庁提供資料

Link to simulation &forecast system

地理情報データ

Ground & surface
sensors

Ocean and seabedobservation

土地利用・氾濫情報
Integration of database on
河川流量・ダム管理情報

water, air and land23

Earth Observation Data is a must to advance Water Policy and Practices
Subject

Users/DriversWater
allocation

Industry, farmers,
economic planners,
finance authorities,
water system
operators…

GIS-based hydrological data, Land andwatershed data, Agricultural & industrial,
Climate Change data, Infrastructure
data…

Floods anddroughts

Risk Managers, local
leaders, citizens
groups, generalpublic…

GIS-based hydrological data, social andurban status data, Hazard data, Climate
Change data, operational status data...

Pollution
control

Regulators, Industry,water system
operators…

GIS-based water quality data, ecology
data, discharge system industrial
Municipalities, Industry

Trans-boundary Security experts,
Diplomats,cooperation
Politicians…

Required EO Data

GIS-based hydrological and land data,
statistical data, water simulation output,
negotiation archives…

Earth Observation Data is a must to advance Water Policy and Practices
SubjectUsers/Drivers

Required EO Data

Water
allocation

Industry, farmers,
economic planners,
finance authorities,
water system
operators…

GIS-based hydrological data, Land andwatershed data, Agricultural & industrial,
Climate Change data, Infrastructure
data…

groups, generalpublic…

Change data, operational status data...

Regulators, Industry,water system
operators…

GIS-based water quality data, ecologydata, discharge system industrial
Municipalities, Industry

Earth Observation is the foundation ofRisk Managers,
local
GIS-basedhydrologicaldata,social andtransformativechangesofall
watersectors
Floodsandleaders, citizens
urban status data, Hazard data, Climate
droughts

Pollution
control

Trans-boundary Security experts,
Diplomats,cooperation
Politicians…

GIS-based hydrological and land data,
statistical data, water simulation output,
negotiation archives…

Your Participation in Global Process- Towards UN 2023 Water Conference and beyond -Water-related Global Events in 2022-2023 and Actions by HELP
Date

Global Water Event

Mar.21-25,2022

9th World Water Forum

HELP High Session on Water& Disasters

HELP Drought Principles at WWF9April 23-24,
2022

Asia Pacific Water
SummitAPWS Overall Integration Session by HELPAPWS Chair’s Summary compiled
by HELPMay 23-28,
2022

DRR Global Platform

HELP Ministerial Roundtable (May 23)

Ministerial Awareness Raising on
Water-related DRR

Aug.-Sept. 2022

World Water Week

HELP Water and Disaster Session (Aug. 31)

Consultation for UN2023

October 31,
2022 (tbc)

Prep. Con of UN2023
Water Conf.

Bonn-Kumamoto Joint Statement (Oct. 31)

Joint Proposition by GermanyJapan to UN2023 Water Con.

Nov. 7-18, 2022

COP27, Sharm El-Sheikh

HELP Session on Water& Disasters (Nov. 7)

New Position paper

G20 Special Event on Water & DRR (Nov.11)

Direct input to G20 Leaders

Nov.15-16, 2022 G20, Bali, Indonesia

Events by HELP

Target and Action by HELP

Feb. 18, 2022

The 9th International Conferenceon Flood Management (ICFM9)

ICFM9 Symposium

Input of Researchers/practitioners
in UN 2023 Water Conference

March 22-24,2022

UN2023 WaterConference

The 6th UN Special Thematic Session onWater and Disasters (March 21)

Direct Input on DRR and Climate
Change to UN 2023 Water Conf.

May, 2023

Mid-term Review of DRR HELP Special Event at Sendai Review
Sendai Framework

Bridging UN2023Water Conf. andSendai Midterm-Review

May 19,, 2023

G7, Hiroshima, Japan

G7 Summit Water and Disaster Dialogue

Direct input to G7 Leaders

Autumn, 2023

G20, India

G20 Special Event on Water and Disasters

Direct input to G20 Leaders

27

Water-related Global Events in 2022-2023 and Actions by HELP
Date

Global Water Event

Mar.21-25,2022

9th World Water Forum

HELP High Session on Water& Disasters

HELP Drought Principles at WWF9

April 23-24,
2022

Asia Pacific Water
SummitAPWS Overall Integration Session by HELPAPWS Chair’s Summary compiled
by HELPMay 23-28,2022

DRR Global Platform

HELP Ministerial Roundtable (May 23)

Ministerial Awareness Raising on
Water-related DRR

Aug.-Sept. 2022

World Water Week

HELP Water and Disaster Session (Aug. 31)

Consultation for UN2023

October 31,2022 (tbc)

Prep. Con of UN2023
Water Conf.

Bonn-Kumamoto Joint Statement (Oct. 31)

Joint Proposition by GermanyJapan to UN2023 Water Con.

Nov. 7-18, 2022

COP27, Sharm El-Sheikh

HELP Session on Water& Disasters (Nov. 7)

New Position paper

G20 Special Event on Water & DRR (Nov.11)

Direct input to G20 Leaders

Nov.15-16, 2022 G20, Bali, Indonesia

Events by HELP

Target and Action by HELP

Feb. 18, 2022

The 9th International Conferenceon Flood Management (ICFM9)

ICFM9 Symposium

Input of Researchers/practitioners
in UN 2023 Water Conference

March 22-24,
2022

UN2023 WaterConference

The 6th UN Special Thematic Session onWater and Disasters (March 21)

Direct Input on DRR and Climate
Change to UN 2023 Water Conf.

May, 2023

Mid-term Review of DRR HELP Special Event at Sendai Review
Sendai Framework

Bridging UN2023Water Conf. andSendai Midterm-Review

May 19,, 2023

G7, Hiroshima, Japan

G7 Summit Water and Disaster Dialogue

Direct input to G7 Leaders

Autumn, 2023

G20, India

G20 Special Event on Water and Disasters

Direct input to G20 Leaders

28

The 9th International Conference on Flood Management (ICFM9)
February 18th-22nd, 2023 in Tsukuba, Japan“A major step to carry voices of flood practitioners/scientists/
stakeholders to the UN 2023 Water Conference – ”
ICFM9 High-level Symposium at in GRIPS, Tokyo, Japan on February 18th, 2023
Draft Agenda (speakers tbc)
1) Opening remarks by Chair: Dr. Han Seung-soo, Former Prime Minister of the Republic ofKorea and Chair of HELP
2) Keynote speeches• H.E. Ambassador Csaba Kőrösi, President of the 77th Session of the UNGA
• H.E. Basuki Hadimuljono, Minister of Public Works and Housing, Indonesia• Prof. Petteri Taalas, Secretary-General, World Meteorological Organization (WMO - tbc)
3) High-level Panel Discussion: “Integrated Flood Management in the post-COVID-19 era”
Panelists• High-level representatives of the national government, UN/International organizations,academia and CSOs
294) Closing by the symposium chair

The 9th International Conference on Flood Management (ICFM9)
February 18th-22nd, 2023 in Tsukuba, Japan“A major step to carry voices of flood practitioners/scientists/stakeholders to the UN 2023 Water Conference – ”
ICFM9 High-level Symposium at in GRIPS, Tokyo, Japan on February 18th, 2023
Draft Agenda (speakers tbc)
1) Opening remarks by Chair: Dr. Han Seung-soo, Former Prime Minister of the Republic ofKorea and Chair of HELP
2) Keynote speeches• H.E. Ambassador Csaba Kőrösi, President of the 77th Session of the UNGA
• H.E. Basuki Hadimuljono, Minister of Public Works and Housing, Indonesia• Prof. Petteri Taalas, Secretary-General, World Meteorological Organization (WMO - tbc)
3) High-level Panel Discussion: “Integrated Flood Management in the post-COVID-19 era”
Panelists• High-level representatives of the national government, UN/International organizations,academia and CSOs
304) Closing by the symposium chair

The Sixth UN Special Thematic Session on Water and Disasters“Connecting Midterm Reviews of Water and DRR under Climate Change”
The United Nations Headquarters, New York, the U.S.A., March 21st, 2023
(1) Opening Plenary (10:00-11:30)
 Opening Remarks: Dr. Han Seung-Soo, Former Prime Minister of the Republic of Korea and Chair ofthe High-level Experts and Leaders Panel on Water and Disasters (HELP); H.E. Ambassador Dr. CsabaKőrösi, President of the 77th Session of the United Nations General Assembly ; H.E. Mr. Antonio
Guterres, Secretary-General of the United Nations
 Keynote Speeches by Dignitaries and Heads of State and Government:(2) High Level Panel Discussion (11:30-13:00) - Connecting Midterm Reviews of Water Action Decadeand DRR under Climate Change:
 High-level Panel discussion by Ministers and Heads of UN/International Agencies(3) Science and Technology Panel (15:00-16:30) -Science and Technology connecting, Water, DRR, andclimate change-31

The Sixth UN Special Thematic Session on Water and Disasters“Connecting Midterm Reviews of Water and DRR under Climate Change”
The United Nations Headquarters, New York, the U.S.A., March 21st, 2023
(1) Opening Plenary (10:00-11:30)
 Opening Remarks: Dr. Han Seung-Soo, Former Prime Minister of the Republic of Korea and Chair ofthe High-level Experts and Leaders Panel on Water and Disasters (HELP); H.E. Ambassador Dr. CsabaKőrösi, President of the 77th Session of the United Nations General Assembly ; H.E. Mr. Antonio
Guterres, Secretary-General of the United Nations
 Keynote Speeches by Dignitaries and Heads of State and Government:(2) High Level Panel Discussion (11:30-13:00) - Connecting Midterm Reviews of Water Action Decadeand DRR under Climate Change:
 High-level Panel discussion by Ministers and Heads of UN/International Agencies(3) Science and Technology Panel (15:00-16:30) -Science and Technology connecting, Water, DRR, andclimate change-

Global/Country Show Cases of Science and Technology
Applications/ Practices to connect Water, DRR, and Climate Change
including Global Earth Observation
32UN 2023 Water Conference
March 22-24, 2023 at UNHQ in New York

1. Three Principles
1) Inclusive: both in terms of (a) the Conference process (ensure verticaland horizontal inclusiveness) and in terms of (b) the results (leavingno-one behind).
2) Action-oriented: the Conference aims to lead to concrete results
through concrete actions and plans on the ground.
3) Cross-sectoral: the Conference should mobilise all other sectors toimprove the way they manage and utilize water resources. Thesesectors need to bring their plans and actions to the Conference.
2. Format
6 Plenaries / 5 Interactive Dialogues / Special Events / Side Events /Cultural elements and more
3. Conference Summary and Proceedings• Summary of the proceedings• Thematic Interactive Dialogues outcomes• Special Events outcomes• Side Events outcomes• Recommendations from the above feeding into the Roadmap• Commitments from the above feeding into the Global Water Pact 33

 We can transform all water sectors from global
policies to field practices by Earth Observation.
 Let us join hands towards the end.

34

 We can transform all water sectors from global
policies to field practices by Earth Observation.
 Let us join hands towards the end.

Thank you35

Progress and Forecast of SDG WASH Targets by 2030
Drinking Water

Sanitation

Hygiene
100

98
90

8890

81
70

78
7367 6747

 Rate of improvement needs to be doubled to achievetargets of basic drinking water and sanitation
 The rate needs to be quadrupled to achieve safely
managed water and sanitation and basic hygiene
36