Grilli TypeGT ZIRKON

AR9
About
GT Zirkon is an extravagant sans serif workhorse. By applying techniques used to optimize type forsmall sizes in a refined way, this American Gothic typeface family blends the worlds of rational
tool and ornamentation.

Designed by
Tobias RechsteinerWith help from
Reto Moser & Noël Leu

Details
Released in 2018
Available in 16 Styles
For Desktop, Web, App Licensing

GT Zirkon by Tobias Rechsteiner / © 2018 Grilli Type / www.grillitype.com

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Grilli TypeGT Zirkon

Ultra Light

Thin

Light

Book

RegularMedium

Bold

Black

Roman

Italic

Aa
Bb
Cc
Dd
Ee
Ff
Gg
Hh

Aa
Bb
Cc
Dd
Ee
Ff
Gg
Hh
GT Zirkon by Tobias Rechsteiner / © 2018 Grilli Type / www.grillitype.com

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Grilli Type

Background

GT Zirkon mixes historical andcontemporary ideas in this sans serif
design. Created by Tobias Rechsteierover a nine year period, this typeface
may sparkle like a gem stone — but
we think of it more like a heavy-duty
tool with exquisite utility.
It unites aspects typically associated with typefaces optimized forbody copy sizes with more exu­berant
details usually found in display type.

GT Zirkon by Tobias Rechsteiner / © 2018 Grilli Type / www.grillitype.com

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Grilli Type

Design Features

Inktraps
The typeface uses ink
traps in both expected
and unexpected places– for horizontal curvesin the “R”, in the “K”
and “8”, to make the earof the “g” stand out,
and so on. As such, ink
traps are used both toaid performance in small
sizes and as a stylistic
device in general. And
it turns out that ink
traps, originally used to
improve performance atsmall print sizes, work
just as well on screenswith their pixel grid.

Contrast
GT Zirkon sports a very
high contrast between
thin and thick strokes
for a gothic typeface.
Supporting the sparklingeffect introduced by thetapered curves and ink
traps, this feature leads
to a light texture.

Raw Aku

AMVN
68

85

74

85

70

85

87

68

72

88

GT Zirkon by Tobias Rechsteiner / © 2018 Grilli Type / www.grillitype.com

72

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Grilli Type

Design Features

Refitment
Refitment

Metrics
Across the typeface,traditionally wide
letters are more narrowand narrow characters
are wider, which leads
to relatively uniformcharacter widths and avery regular rhythm.
This differs markedly
from more common
sans serif designs thatallow for much morevariety in their horizontal
proportions.
The graphic shows GT
Zirkon compared to themore traditional grotesk
horizontal proportions.

ItalicThe roman styles arecomplemented withthe more free-flowing
approach of the italic.
However, designingitalic counterpartsfor sans serifs can betricky. With a designthat comfortably sits
between a mechanicalslanting of an oblique
and the calligraphic
nature of a true italic.
GT Zirkon sports a 13°
italic angle — a feature
rarely seen in sans serifs.
13°

SafetyGT Zirkon by Tobias Rechsteiner / © 2018 Grilli Type / www.grillitype.com

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Grilli TypeOpenType Features

OFF

ON

Case sensitive Forms¿¡QUE?!
(HEIGHT)¿¡QUE?!
(HEIGHT)OFF

ON

Capital spacing

CAPITALCAPITAL

Small Caps

Pearl 123

Pearl 123

Small Caps from
Capitals

Pearl 123

Pearl 123

Language Feature
Romanian
Moldavianşi societăţii
ŞI SOCIETĂŢII

și societăţii
ȘI SOCIETĂŢII

Tabular Figures

29.11.1789

29.11.1789

Discretionary
Ligatures

www.test.com

www.test.com

Old Style Figures

29.11.1789

29.11.1789

SS01
Alternate Arrows→↗↑↖←↙↓↘

→↗↑↖←↙↓↘

Slashed Zero

1,000,000

1,000,000

Automatic Fractions

5/32 kg

5/32 kg

Superscript
Subscript
Superior

Note1
H2O
13(2+8)
Habc

Note1
H2O
13(2+8)
Habc

SS02
Alternate ”f“frequency

frequency

Ordinal Indicator

1o primo
1a prima

1o primo
1a prima↗ ↗
f f
GT Zirkon by Tobias Rechsteiner / © 2018 Grilli Type / www.grillitype.com

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Grilli Type

Upper case latin

A B C D E F G H I
A

B

C

D

E

F

G

H

I

J K L M N O
J

K

L

M

N

O

P Q R S T U V W X Y Z Á Ă Â Ä
P

Q

R

S

T

U

V

W

X

Y

Z

AacuteAbreveAcircumflex

AdieresisÆ Ǽ À Ā Ą Å Ã Ć Č Ç Ĉ Ċ Ď Đ É
AEAEacuteAgraveAmacronAogonek

Aring

AtildeCacuteCcaronCcedillaCcircumflex Cdotaccent

DcaronDcroatEacuteĔ Ě Ê Ë Ė È Ē Ę Ð Ğ Ĝ Ģ Ġ Ħ Ĥ
EbreveEcaronEcircumflex

Edieresis

Edotaccent

Í

Ĭ

Î

Ï

İ

IacuteIbreveIcircumflex

Idieresis

Idotaccent

EgraveEmacronEogonekÌ Ĳ Ī
Igrave

IJ

ImacronEthGbreveĮĨ

Iogonek

ItildeGcircumflex Gcommaac Gdotaccent

Hbar

HcircumflexĴ Ķ Ĺ Ľ Ļ
Jcircumflex

Kcommaa

LacuteLcaron

Lcommaac

Ŀ Ł Ń Ň Ņ Ñ Ŋ Ó Ŏ Ô Ö Œ Ò Ő Ō
Ldot

LslashNacuteNcaronNcommaa

NtildeEng

OacuteObreveOcircumflex

Odieresis

OE

OgraveOhungarum

OmacronØ Ǿ Õ Ŕ Ř Ŗ Ś Š Ş Ŝ Ș Ŧ Ť Ţ Ț
OslashOslashacute

OtildeRacuteRcaronRcommaac

SacuteScaronScedilla

Scircumflex Scommaac

Tbar

TcaronTcedilla

TcommaacÞ Ú Ŭ Û Ü Ù Ű Ū Ų Ů Ũ Ẃ Ŵ Ẅ Ẁ
Thorn

UacuteUbreveUcircumflex

Udieresis

UgraveUhungarum

UmacronUogonek

Uring

UtildeWacuteWcircumfle

Wdieresis

WgraveÝ Ŷ Ÿ Ỳ Ź Ž Ż
YacuteYcircumflex

Ydieresis

YgraveZacuteZcaronZdotaccent

GT Zirkon by Tobias Rechsteiner / © 2018 Grilli Type / www.grillitype.com

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Grilli Type

Lower case latina b c d e
a

b

p q
p

q

c

d

r

s

r

s

e

f
f

g h
g

h

i

j

k

i

j

k

l m n olmnot u v w x yz á ă â ä

t

z

u

v

w

x

y

aacuteabreveacircumflex

adieresisæ ǽ à ā ą å ã ć č ç ĉ ċ ď đ éaeaeacuteagraveamacronaogonekaring

atildecacuteccaronccedilla

ccircumflex cdotaccentdcarondcroatĕ ě ê ë ė è ē ę ğ ĝ ģ ġ ħ ĥ
ebreveecaronecircumflex

edieresis

edotaccentegraveemacroneogonek

gbrevegcircumflex gcommaac

gdotaccent

ĭ

î

ï

i

ı

ì

ĳ

ī

į

ĩ

ĵ

ȷ

ibreveicircumflex

idieresis

idotaccent

idotlessigraveij

imacroniogonek

itildejcircumflex

jdotless

ľ

ļ

ŀ

ł

lcaronlcommaacldotlslashhbar

hcircumflex

ķ ĸ
kcommaac

kgreenland

eacuteí
iacuteĺlacuteń ŉ ň ņ ñ ŋ ó ŏ ô ö œncaronncommaacntildeeng

oacuteobreveocircumflex

odieresisoeò ő ō ø ǿ õ

ŕ

ř

ŗ

ś

š

ş

ŝ

ș

ŧ

ograveracutercaronrcommaacsacutescaronscedillaohungarumťţtcarontcedilla

omacronoslashnacuteoslashacutenapostropheotildewdieresistbarț þ ú ŭ û ü ù ű ū ų ů ũ ẃ
tcommaacthorn

uacuteubreveucircumflexŵ ẅ ẁ ý ŷ ÿ ỳwcircumflex

scircumflex scommaac

wgraveyacuteycircumflex

ydieresis

ygraveudieresis

ugraveuhungarumźžżzacutezcaronzdotaccent

umacronuogonekuring

utildeGT Zirkon by Tobias Rechsteiner / © 2018 Grilli Type / www.grillitype.com

wacute8 / 28

Grilli TypeOther

ß & ` ´ ˆ ˜ ˇ ¨ ¯ ˘ ˚ ˝ ˙ ¸ ˛germandbls ampersand

grave

,

;

:

comma

semicolon

colon

„

‹

›

quotedblbase guilsinglleft guilsinglright¦\brokenbar

backslash

_

acute

tilde

caron

dieresis

macron

breve

ring

. … -

!

¡

?

¿

‘

exclamexclamdown

periodcircumflex

ellipsis

hyphen

/

|

– — •

slash

bar

endash'underscore quotesingle

emdashbulletquestion questiondown quoteleft()

parenleftparenright[hungarumlaut dotaccent’“cedillaogonek”‚quoteright quotedblleft quotedblright quotesingl]

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fractiononequarter

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percent

zero

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two

three

four

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bitcoinliraTurkishruble₹ ∅ Ω ∆ µ ↑ ↗ → ↘ ↓ ↙ ← ↖ ↔ ↕
rupeeIndianemtysetOhm

increment

micro

upArrow

northEastA

rightArrowsouthEastA downArrow southWestA

leftArrownorthWestA

leftRightA

GT Zirkon by Tobias Rechsteiner / © 2018 Grilli Type / www.grillitype.com

updDownA

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Grilli TypeOther

# № ● ○  ℓ ℮ 0 0 1 2 3 4 5 6numbersign

numeroblackCircle whiteCircle

7 8 9 0seven.osf

eight.osf

nine.osf

zero.sups

apple

literSign

estimated zero.osf.zero

1

2

3

one.sups

two.sups

three.sups

zero.osf

one.osf

two.osf

three.osf

four.osf

five.osf

six.osf

4

5

6

7

8

9

(

)

four.sups

five.supssix.sups

seven.sups

eight.sups

nine.sups

=

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0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

equal.sups

plus.sups

minus.sups

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one.subs

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nine.dnom

parenleft.s parenright.s()

parenleft.s parenright.s()

parenleft.s parenright.s()

parenleft.s parenright.s− ⓿ ❶ ❷ ❸ ❹ ❺ ❻ ❼ ❽ ❾ ⓪ ①

plus.dnom minus.dnom zero.blackC one.blackC two.blackC three.black four.blackC five.blackC

six.blackC seven.black eight.black nine.blackC zero.circled one.circled② ③ ④ ⑤ ⑥ ⑦ ⑧ ⑨ ⅓ ⅔ ⅛ ⅜ ⅝ ⅞ 	ªtwo.circled three.circled four.circled five.circled

six.circled

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onethrid

twothrids

oneeighths threeeighths fiveeighths seveneighth ordfeminine	º 	A B C D 	E

F G H

I

J

K 	L M N

ordmasculi

F.sc

I.sc

J.sc

K.sc

L.sc

O P Q 	R S

T U V W X

Y

Z

Á Ă Â

O.sc

T.sc

Y.sc

Z.sc

A.sc

P.sc

B.sc

Q.sc

C.sc

R.sc

D.sc

S.sc

E.sc

U.sc

G.sc

V.sc

H.sc

W.sc

X.sc

Aacute.sc

M.sc

Abreve.sc

GT Zirkon by Tobias Rechsteiner / © 2018 Grilli Type / www.grillitype.com

N.sc

Acircumflex

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Grilli TypeOther

Ä Æ Ǽ À Ā Ą Å Ã Ć Č Ç Ĉ Ċ Ď ĐAdieresis.sc

AE.sc

AEacute.sc

Agrave.sc

É

Ĕ

Ě

Ê

Eacute.sc

Ebreve.sc

Ecaron.scĤÍĬ

Hcircumflex

Iacute.sc

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ĿLcommaac

Ldot.sc

Amacron.sc Aogonek.scËĖEcircumflex Edieresis.sc EdotaccentÎÏ

Icircumflex Idieresis.sc

Aring.sc

Atilde.scÈĒEgrave.sc

Cacute.sc

Ccaron.sc

Ccedilla.sc Ccircumflex CdotaccentȚTcommaac

Emacron.sc Eogonek.sc

Eth.scGbreve.sc

İ

Ì

Ĳ

Ī

Į

Ĩ

Idotaccent

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IJ.sc

Imacron.sc

Iogonek.sc

Itilde.sc

Gcircumflex Gcommaac Gdotaccent

Ĵ

7

Ķ

Ĺ

Jcircumflex Kcommaa.sc Lacute.sc

Hbar.scĽ
Lcaron.scŁ Ń Ň Ņ Ñ Ŋ Ó Ŏ Ô Ö Œ Ò Ő
Lslash.sc

Oslash.sc Oslashacute

Nacute.sc

Ncaron.sc Ncommaa.sc

Ntilde.sc

Eng.scOacute.sc

Obreve.sc

Ocircumflex Odieresis.sc

Otilde.sc

Racute.sc

Rcaron.sc

Rcommaac

Sacute.sc

Scaron.sc

Scedilla.sc Scircumflex Scommaac

OE.sc

Ograve.sc

OhungarumŦŤŢTbar.scTcaron.sc

Tcedilla.scÞ Ú Ŭ Û Ü Ù Ű Ū Ų Ů Ũ Ẃ Ŵ ẄThorn.sc

Ẁ Ý
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Dcroat.scĘ Ð Ğ Ĝ Ģ Ġ ĦŌ Ø Ǿ Õ Ŕ Ř Ŗ Ś Š Ş Ŝ Ș
OmacronDcaron.sc

Yacute.sc

Uacute.sc

Ubreve.scŶŸYcircumflex Ydieresis.sc

UgraveỲŹŽYgrave.sc

Zacute.sc

Zcaron.sc

Ż 0
Zdotaccentzero.scUring.sc

Utilde.sc

Wacute.sc

Wcircumfle Wdieresis.sc

1

2

3

4

5 6

one.sctwo.scthree.sc

four.scfive.scsix.sc

c

d

e

f

g

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i

j

k

l

a.supsb.supsc.supsd.supse.supsf.supsg.supsh.supsi.supsj.supsk.supsl.sups

m n

o

p

q

r

s

t

u

v

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x

y

z

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n.supsa b

Uhungarum Umacron.sc Uogonek.sc

nine.scseven.sc

8 9

Ucircumflex Udieresis.sc

GT Zirkon by Tobias Rechsteiner / © 2018 Grilli Type / www.grillitype.com

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Grilli TypeTechnical Specifications

Supported Languages

Afrikaans, Albanian, Basque, Bosnian, Breton, Catalan,
Croatian, Czech, Danish, Dutch, English, Esperanto, Estonian,Faroese, Fijian, Finnish, Flemish, French, Frisian, German,
Greenlandic, Hawaiian, Hungarian, Icelandic, Indonesian, Irish,
Italian, Latin, Latvian, Lithuanian, Malay, Maltese, Maori,
Moldavian, Norwegian, Polish, Portuguese, Provençal, Romanian,
Romany, Sámi (Inari), Sámi (Luli), Sámi (Northern),
Sámi (Southern), Samoan, Scottish Gaelic, Slovak, Slovenian,
Sorbian, Spanish, Swahili, Swedish, Tagalog, Turkish, Welsh

File Formats

Desktop: OTF
Web: WOFF2, WOFF, TTF, EOT
App: OTF

LicensingFree Trial Fonts License
Trial fonts allow you to play with our fonts at no cost. You can use
them to create mockups before getting client approval. Students
can use them for non-commercial university projects, too.
Desktop LicenseThis license is used for creating printed documents, logos,
website graphics, and so on. Desktop fonts are licensed for acertain number of computers in your organization.
Webfont LicenseThis license is what you purchase to use our typefaces on
websites with the @font-face technology. You may use them forwebsite mockups. Webfonts are licensed for a certain number
of website visitors per month.
Mobile App LicenseThis is the license to embed our fonts in your mobile application.
Mobile app fonts are licensed for a certain number of developers
and valid for Android and iOS.
Further licenses on request

About GrilliType

Grilli Type is an independent Swiss type foundry. We offer
original retail and custom typefaces, high quality products witha contemporary aesthetic in the Swiss tradition. This tradition
is reflected in the visual but also the technical standard of ourfonts and our service. Together with our designers we create
useful, high quality typefaces that stand the test of time.

Contact

mail@grillitype.com
www.grillitype.com

GT Zirkon by Tobias Rechsteiner / © 2018 Grilli Type / www.grillitype.com

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Grilli TypeGT Zirkon Ultra Light 9pt

History records the use of crystals as
both functional and ornamental. The
Gods of ancient myth wore them intheir breastplates. Priests of manysocieties and brotherhoods, as keepers and preservers of lost prehistoric
wisdom, often wore bejeweled amulets
and plates, which acted as “oracles”
and “voicepieces” from which advice
was obtained. The Urim and Thummim
stones of the Hebrew high priests
were a prime example. The Atlanteansused crystals for healing, communication, weather control, record keepers, among other things. Tibetans
used them to produce light. Mayans,

GT Zirkon Ultra Light 20pt

among others, used crystals in theirstatues.
John L. Stephens in his classic workon the Mayan civilization, Incidents ofTravel in Central America, Chiapas andYucatan, tells how in one small Mayan
temple he dis covered ‘a pedestal
formed of a shining substance resembli ng glass’ around which he was told
the ancient priests gathered and consulted pictures created in the ‘black,transparent st one.’ He wrote, ‘A native
informed me that their ancestors had
known the gift of the vision stone, when
his people were instructed in the arts ofcivilization.'

GT Zirkon Ultra Light 14pt

A cut sliver of crystal can pick up a specified vibratory pattern; the silver can then be ‘frozen’ andsubsequently ‘unfrozen’ later to playback the pattern. A complex sandwich of liquid crystal layers
and mirrors act as light valves to create closed
loops of light and moonlight signals, which correspond to a two alphabet system of information
storage. By such means, information can be storedwith a density of 2,500-fold over that of conventional electrical-digital computers. The first working
model of the light and crystal computer is sched-

Author George Hunt Williamson, who
believes that crystals played a significant role in past civilizations, expressed his opinion that crystals canthink, and many standing stones
have an ‘intelligence within them'.
Masses of crystal flakes encased ina single stone may act as individual
neurons passing along informationfrom one flake to another and organize it, like a large crystal brain. Certain individual crystals, in particulardiamonds and other precious stones,
can hold conscious emotional energies from a bygone era, which may
be triggered from time to time, affecting their owners. The best classic case of this is the famous Hope
GT Zirkon by Tobias Rechsteiner / © 2018 Grilli Type / www.grillitype.com

13 / 28

Grilli TypeGT Zirkon Ultra Light 80pt

MARSTON MARBLE

Enstatite 9
GT Zirkon Ultra Light Italic 147pt

AGATE
GT Zirkon Ultra Light 260pt

GT Zirkon by Tobias Rechsteiner / © 2018 Grilli Type / www.grillitype.com

14 / 28

Grilli TypeGT Zirkon Thin 9pt

Cursed gems are the exception to therule, however, for in most respects,
gems and crystals are generally looked
upon favorably, having properties forgood luck, for healing, and in aidingin psychic abilities.
The positive magical quality of
crystals impressed themselves upon
humankind far back in antiquity, forwe find among Neanderthal remains,
dating back to 70,000 B.C., collections of quartz stones and stone balls
made of quartz crystals. Pieces ofcrystal have also been found in megalithic cairns, and at New Grange insouthern Ireland, tiny pebbles ofGT Zirkon Thin 20pt

white granite quartz cover the entire
mound above the energy-chamber.
The Druids called certain coloredcrystal forms ovus anguinum or glein
neidr - ‘serpent eggs’ - who believed
were created by etheric serpents ofenergy beneath the earth and conjugated together at the time of the
midsummer sunrise. Such stones,
worn about the neck, had the powerof projecting one’s auric field to favorably influence the aura and mindof anyone else who came within range.
Similarly, they understood that wearing crystals over certain acupuncture
points of the body aided in the

GT Zirkon Thin 14pt

On the Isle of Skye near Ireland, is a chapel dedicated to St. Columbus, and on the altar is a roundcrystalline blue stone held sacred to weather andhealth. Local fishermen, to appease contrary winds,bathe this stone with water and claim good results.
The stone has also been applied to peoples’ sides
to relieve cramps. Among the Australian aboriginesof north Queensland on the Prosperine River, quarts
crystals are used by the shamans to cause rain tofall. At other times, in special initiation ceremonies
the aboriginal shamans are sprinkled with quartz

In crystal growth, combinations oflight intensity, light color, electric
current, sound, the direction ofthese, plus the shape and size (frequency pattern) of the container orroom, will all affect the final characteristics and energy potentials ofa desired stone. Recent experiments,for example, have shown that crystals grow five times faster when
their supersaturated solution is
subjected to frequencies of 10 to
100 cycles a second. Manly P. Halland other students of esoteric wisdom have also noted that many ancient crystals were produced by ‘zodiacal formulae’ grown at specifictimes, when the sun, moon and planGT Zirkon by Tobias Rechsteiner / © 2018 Grilli Type / www.grillitype.com

15 / 28

Grilli TypeGT Zirkon Thin 80pt

MOQUI MARBLES

Rhodonite
GT Zirkon Thin 147pt

TOPAZ
GT Zirkon Thin

260pt

GT Zirkon by Tobias Rechsteiner / © 2018 Grilli Type / www.grillitype.com

16 / 28

Grilli TypeGT Zirkon Light 9pt

Writer and researcher A.H. Fry tells of
his experience with a woman who produced a special copper alloy by alchemically subjecting the ore to solutions of carbon and electric current,
and then grew a crystal from the results. The crystal, Fry reported, possessed electrical resistance factors
quite different from ordinary copper,and seemed to have tiny microscopic‘wires’ embedded within it. When heattached an electrometer to the crystal, he was surprised to find it wasalso alive; it produced a pattern similar to that of a living plant, and reacted to outside physical and mental

GT Zirkon Light 20pt

disturbances in the same way as
Cleve Backster’s experiments using apolygraph. Fry, commenting on theAncients’ use of crystals in general,stated: “Legends occasionally mention
crystals that could render invisibility(such as the one Apollonius of Tyana
used before the Roman Emperor) andeven cause weightlessness. They evenused crystals to discover how to enterand escape time by negotiating a ninety degree angle phase shift. Was it allin the size and shape? Or did it involve
mental forces and special ‘live’ qualities within the crystal?’ Fry also madethis interesting observation, which

GT Zirkon Light 14pt

Researchers say that diamond fragments fromthe dawn of time may contain evidence that life
began on Earth as early as 4.25 billion years ago,just a few hundred million years after the planetcame into existence–although they also say that
their findings aren’t conclusive and that they
may well be wrong.
Studying anything about the ancient earth isextremely difficult. Rocks that formed four billion years ago will long since have been beat up,
metamorphosed, or melted [Nobel Intent blog, Ars

Radioactive dating shows that thezircon crystals were formed morethan 4 billion years ago, implyingthat the diamond fragments are atleast that old. Scientists then studied the diamonds’ composition,
looking specifically at their carbon
isotopes (forms of the carbon atomwith different atomic masses). One of
the tell-tale signs of life is that thevery process of living increases thelevels of the lighter isotope of carbon. Oil and gas reserves are enriched in carbon 12 over carbon 13
because they were formed from theremains of living things [Telegraph].
Researchers found that same carbon 12 isotope in the diamond
GT Zirkon by Tobias Rechsteiner / © 2018 Grilli Type / www.grillitype.com

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Grilli TypeGT Zirkon Light 80pt

SESAME & STONE

Tanzanite
GT Zirkon Light 147pt

RUBY
GT Zirkon Light 260pt

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Grilli TypeGT Zirkon Book 9pt

New York University chemists havecreated three-dimensional DNA
structures, a breakthrough bridging
the molecular world to the world
where we live. The work, reported in
the latest issue of the journal Nature,also has a range of potential industrial and pharmaceutical applications, such as the creation of nanoelectronic components and theorganization of drug receptor targets
to enable illumination of their 3D
structures.
While scientists, including those
involved in this study, have previously designed and built crystal struc-

GT Zirkon Book 20pt

tures, these compositions have been
two-dimensional—that is, their axes
are on a single plane—and are not themost complete representation of
crystals. To address this limitation,
the research team, headed by NYU
Chemistry Professor Nadrian Seeman,sought to design and build three-dimensional DNA crystals—a processthat requires significant spatial control of the 3D structure of matter.
The project also included researchers
from Purdue University’s Departmentof Chemistry and the Argonne National Laboratory in Illinois. To do this, theresearchers created DNA crystals by

GT Zirkon Book 14pt

“With this technique we can organize more matterand work with it in many more ways than we could
with 2D crystals,” Seeman observed.
A promising avenue for the application of thisapproach is in nanoelectronics, using components no bigger than single molecules. Currently, such products are built with 2D components.
Given the enhanced flexibility that 3D components would yield, manufacturers could build
parts that are smaller and closer together aswell as more sophisticated in design. The scien-

Geologist Juan Manuel García-Ruizcalls it “the Sistine Chapel of crystals,” but Superman could call it
home. A sort of south-of-the-border
Fortress of Solitude, Mexico’s Cueva
de los Cristales (Cave of Crystals)
contains some of the world’s largest
known natural crystals—translucent
beams of gypsum as long as 36 feet
(11 meters). How did the crystals
reach such superheroic proportions?
In the new issue of the journal Geology, García-Ruiz reports that for
millennia the crystals thrived in the
cave’s extremely rare and stable
natural environment. Temperatures
hovered consistently around a
steamy 136 degrees Fahrenheit (58GT Zirkon by Tobias Rechsteiner / © 2018 Grilli Type / www.grillitype.com

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Grilli TypeGT Zirkon Book 80pt

RHODOCHROSITE

Brandberg
GT Zirkon Book 147pt

PEARL
GT Zirkon Book 260pt

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Grilli TypeGT Zirkon Regular 9pt

Sir William Crookes performed ananalysis of the Cullinan diamond,ascertaining a weight of 3,106 carats(621.2 grams). The stone was immediately named after Sir Thomas Cullinan, the owner of the diamond mine,
who had discovered the mine after
many years of unsuccessful searching. Crookes mentioned its remarkable clarity, but also a black spot in
the middle. The colours around theblack spot were very vivid andchanged as the analyser was turned.
According to Crookes, this pointed tointernal strain. Such strain is notuncommon in diamonds. Because one

GT Zirkon Regular 20pt

side of the diamond was perfectly
smooth, it was concluded that thestone had originally been part of amuch larger diamond, that had beenbroken up by natural forces. Crookes
pronounced the Cullinan “a fragment,
probably less than half, of a distorted
octahedral crystal; the other portions
still await discovery by some fortunate
miner”. The discovery became a global sensation, with the developments
being followed avidly by the press.
Wells was awarded £3,500 for
the find and the diamond was purchased by the Transvaal Colony government for £150,000 and insured

GT Zirkon Regular 14pt

The diamond was presented to the king on hisbirthday in the presence of a large party of guests,
including the Queen of Norway, the Queen of
Spain, the Duke of Westminster and Lord Revelstoke. The king asked his colonial secretary, Lord
Elgin, to announce that he accepted the precious
gift “for myself and my successors” and that hewould ensure “this great and unique diamond be
kept and preserved among the historic jewels which
form the heirlooms of the Crown”. It was cut into
three sections on 10 February 1908 by Asscher

The rough diamond was split andcut into nine major stones, ninety-six minor ones, and 9 carats (1.8g) of polished fragments. All but twoof the largest stones – Cullinans I
and II belong to the Crown – and thesmall brilliants remained in Amsterdam until the South African government bought them (with the exception of Cullinan VI which Edward VII
had purchased and given to his wife
Queen Alexandra in 1907) and theHigh Commissioner for Southern Africa presented them to Queen Maryon 28 June 1910. Mary also inherited Cullinan VI from Alexandra, andshe left all the Cullinan diamonds
to her granddaughter Queen ElizaGT Zirkon by Tobias Rechsteiner / © 2018 Grilli Type / www.grillitype.com

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Grilli TypeGT Zirkon Regular 80pt

Preseli Bluestone

Mariposite
GT Zirkon Regular 147pt

LAVA8
GT Zirkon Regular 260pt

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Grilli TypeGT Zirkon Medium 9pt

Cullinan IV, also referred to as theLesser Star of Africa, is square-cut
and weighs 63.6 carats (12.72 g). It
was also set in the base of Queen
Mary’s Crown; however, it too wasremoved in 1914. On 25 March 1958,
while she and Prince Philip were ona state visit to the Netherlands, theQueen Elizabeth II revealed that
Cullinan III and IV are known in her
family as “Granny’s Chips”. The couple visited the Asscher DiamondCompany, where the Cullinan had
been cut 50 years earlier. It was thefirst time the Queen had worn thebrooch publicly. During her visit, she

GT Zirkon Medium 20pt

unpinned the brooch and offered itfor examination to Louis Asscher, thebrother of Joseph Asscher who had
originally cut the diamond. Elderly
and almost blind, Asscher was deeply moved by the fact the Queen had
brought the diamonds with her,knowing how much it would mean tohim seeing them again after so many
years.
Cullinan V is an 18.8-carat (3.76g) heart-shaped diamond set in thecentre of a platinum brooch thatformed a part of the stomacher madefor Queen Mary to wear at the Delhi
Durbar in 1911. The brooch was de-GT Zirkon Medium 14pt

It was presented to King Edward VII of the United
Kingdom for his 66th birthday and cut into several polished gems, the largest of which is named
Cullinan I or the Great Star of Africa, and at 530.4
carats (106.08 g) it is the largest clear cut diamond in the world. It was the largest polisheddiamond of any colour until the discovery in 1985of the Golden Jubilee Diamond (545.67 carats(109.13 g), also from the Premier Mine. Cullinan I
is mounted in the head of the Sovereign’s Sceptre
with Cross. The second-largest is Cullinan II or the

The obesity epidemic has focused
attention on relationships of sugars and sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) to cardiovascular risk
factors. Here we report cross-sectional associations of SSBs, dietbeverages, and sugars with bloodpressure (BP) for United Kingdom
and US participants of the International Study of Macro/Micronutrients and Blood Pressure. Data
collected include four 24-hour dietary recalls, two 24-hour urine
collections, 8 BP readings, andquestionnaire data for 2696 people ages 40 to 59 years of age from
10 US / United Kingdom population samples. Associations of SSBs,
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Grilli TypeGT Zirkon Medium 80pt

45 LAPIS LAZULI

Oligoclase
GT Zirkon Medium 147pt

MICA
GT Zirkon Medium 260pt

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Grilli TypeGT Zirkon Bold 9pt

The Crown Jewels of the United Kingdom are 141 historic ceremonialobȷects, including the regalia andvestments worn by kings andqueens of the country at their coronations, as well as processional
and anointing objects, plate, andchristening fonts. A symbol of 800
years of monarchy, the sovereign’s
coronation regalia is the only working collection in Europe – otherpresent-day monarchies have abandoned coronations in favour of inauguration or enthronement ceremonies – and is the largest set of
regalia in the world. Objects used

GT Zirkon Bold 20pt

to invest and crown the monarchvariously denote his or her roles as
Head of State, Supreme Governor of
the Church of England, and Commander-in-Chief of the British
Armed Forces. Wives of kings arecrowned as queen consort with aplainer set of regalia. Since 1831, a
new crown has been made speciallyfor each queen consort.
The use of regalia by monarchs
in Britain can be traced back to its
early history. Most of the present
collection as a whole dates fromaround 350 years ago when KingCharles II ascended the throne. The

GT Zirkon Bold 14pt

By the 5th century, the Romans had withdrawn
from Britain, and the Angles and the Saxons
settled. A series of new kingdoms began toemerge. One of the methods used by regional
kings to solidify their authority over their territories was the use of ceremony and insignia.
The tomb of an unknown king – evidence suggests it may be Rædwald of East Anglia – atSutton Hoo provides a unique insight into theregalia of a pre-Christian Anglo-Saxon king.
Inside the early 7th-century tomb discovered

In 1161, Edward the Confessor was
made a saint, and objects connected with his reign became holy
relics. The monks at his burial
place Westminster Abbey claimed
that Edward had asked them tolook after his regalia in perpetuity and that they were to be usedat the coronations of all futurekings of England. A note to thiseffect is contained in an inventory of relics drawn up by Richard
Sporley, a monk at the abbey from1430 until 1480, recording a tunicle (and other vestments), a
golden crown, comb and spoon,
for the queen’s coronation a crown
and two rods, and for the commuGT Zirkon by Tobias Rechsteiner / © 2018 Grilli Type / www.grillitype.com

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Grilli TypeGT Zirkon Bold 80pt

3 ROSE QUARTZNew Jade
GT Zirkon Bold 147pt

OPAL1
GT Zirkon Bold 260pt

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Grilli TypeGT Zirkon Black 9pt

A crown referred to as St Edward’s
Crown is first recorded as having
been used for the coronation ofHenry III in 1220, and it appears tobe the same crown worn by Edward.
Being crowned and invested withregalia owned by a previous monarch who was also a saint reinforced the king’s authority. The
crown would be used in many subsequent coronations until its eventual destruction 400 years later.
One of the few descriptions of St
Edward’s Crown to survive, from
Henry III’s time, is a “gold crownwith diverse stones”. Also in the

GT Zirkon Black 20pt

Crown Jewels in this period was an
item called a state crown. Together with other crowns, rings, andswords, it comprised the monarch’s non-hereditary state regaliathat was kept separate from thecoronation regalia, mostly at the
royal palaces. The Stone of Sconein the Coronation Chair at Westminster Abbey, 1855
Following the defeat in 1282 of
the Welsh prince Llewelyn ap Gruffydd by Edward I, the Welsh regalia,
including the crown of the legendary King Arthur, were surrendered
to England. According to the

GT Zirkon Black 14pt

The traditions established in the medieval period continued later. By the middle of the 15th
century, a crown was formally worn on six religious feasts every year: Christmas, Epiphany,Easter, Whitsun, All Saints and one or both
feasts of St Edward. A crown was also displayed and worn at the annual State Openingof Parliament. Around this time, swords – symbols of kingship since ancient times – were introduced into the coronation ceremony. Threeswords were used to represent the king’s pow-

Following the death of James I in
1625, Charles I succeeded thethrone. His many conflicts with
Parliament, stemming from his
belief in the divine right of kings
and the many religious conflicts
that pervaded his reign, triggered
the English Civil War. After six
years of war, Charles was defeated and executed by the Roundheads in 1649. Less than a week
after the king’s execution, theRump Parliament voted to abolishthe monarchy, and Oliver Cromwell would become Lord Protectorof England. The newly created English Republic found itself shortof money. In order to raise funds,
GT Zirkon by Tobias Rechsteiner / © 2018 Grilli Type / www.grillitype.com

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Grilli TypeGT Zirkon Black 80pt

SHATTUCKITE &Turquoise
GT Zirkon Black 147pt

ONYX
GT Zirkon Black 260pt

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