Transactions and Proceedingsof thePalaeontological Society of Japan
New Series

No. 75

Palaeontological Society of Japan
September 30th, 1969

Editor: Tokio SHIKAMA
Associate Editor: Kiyotaka CHINZEI and Noriyuki IKEY A

Officers for 1969-1970
President:

Fuyuji T AKA!

Councillors (*Executives) :Kiyoshi ASANO*, Tetsuro HANAI* (Secretary), Kotora

HATAI, Itaru HAYAM I, Koichiro ICHIKAWA, Taro KA NAYA, Kametoshi KAN·
MERA, Teiichi KOBAYASI-ll, Kenji KONISHI, Tamio KOTAKA, Tatsuro MATSU·
MOTO*, Masao MINATO, Hiroshi OzAKI* (Treasurer), Tokio SHIKAMA*, Fuyuji
TAKA!*
Executive Committee (Chairman:
General Affairs:
Membership:

Fuyuji T AKA!)

Tetsuro HANAI, Takashi HAMADA, Yasuhide IwASAKI

Takashi HAMADA

Finance : Hiroshi OZAKI, Saburo KANNO
Planning:

Hiroshi OzAKI, Hiroshi UJIIE

Publications
Transactions:
Special Papers:"Fossils":

Tokio SI-IIKAMA, Ki yotaka CHINZEI, Noriyuki IKEY A
Tatsuro MATSUMOTO, Tomowo OzAWA

Kiyoshi ASA NO, Yokichi TAKAYANAGI

Fossils on the cover is Globorotalia tnmcatulinoides (D'0RBIGNY, 1839).
The photograph was taken on a scanning electron microscope, JEOL- JSM-2, x 100.

All communications relating to this journal should be addressed to the
PALAEONTOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN
Geological Institute, Faculty of Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113, Japan
Sole agent: University of Tokyo Press

Trans. Proc. Palaeont. Soc. Japan, N. S., No. 75, pp. 119-129, pis. 12, 13 Sept. 30, 1969

555.

MICROFOSSILS OF THE LOWEST PART OF THE TAISHAKULIMESTONE (STUDIES OF THE STRATIGRAPHY AND THE
MICROFOSSIL FAUNAS OF THE CARBONIFEROUS
AND PERMIAN T AISHAKU LIMESTONE IN
WEST JAPAN, NO. 4)*
KIMIYOSHI SADA
Institute of Geology, Faculty of General Education, Hiroshima University'ffffR1:1Ek!ilil'&TtfiiO) i~{tll (::riJ!R • =1lH~·,'ri~R1:1EJ(;EiO)nJ['} c ii~Xft1:1WJJ~U 1C-? v' 'L 0)Mf}'E, No. 4) : ~1l:ll'J:'fff~R1:1Ek'G-~,t Tf,~O) Eostaffella
J: ~ 15 tffiO)iJl&{t1:1~~JJIJ L-t-:o::.:n,;O)? t>nvtt/ti:1£1c!l!:~c ~ .:t G:/1..~ 10 f.:.!!:~;::_;::_ fcilcll\JG • ¥Ri!r-9 ~ ~cll\JG~ nt-= >L O)f'J:
3fffiO)ff\Q$.@.'±!.c 7fffiO);PJil!lf1'L.'±!."C'ili:>~o (:h,t:,O)f!]1CJ: -?'L t~JlX:~h~ Eostaffella 1\H'J:::Jt:)j(:O) Chesterian i~{t1:1~~VJ~t10bi!J(~ ~l.t,:fll\tlliO) Eostaffella kanmerai 1\f (#HJll),
1957) 1C*'J'.lt"C:'2" ~ow

0cited above resembles closely that of the
Eostaffella kanmerai zone (IGO, 1957) inCentral Japan, which was correlatedwith the North American Chesterianfaunas composed of Millerella, Eostaffella(synonymous with Paramillerella) andEndothyra.
In this paper I described 10 species
from the Eostaffella zone which areuseful for the determination of the geologic age.
Before going to the description, I would
like to appreciate Dr. B. SKIPP of U.S.
Geological Survey in Denver who provided me with the valuable information
regarding the Pennsylvanian and Mississippian microfossil faunas of Idaho.
Thanks are also due to Professors H.
TOYODA and Y. T AI of Hiroshima· University for their constant encouragements.
The work was financed by the Ministryof Education and Matsunaga Science
Foundation.

Introdaction
Primitive fusulinids and their assodated smaller foraminifera have been
identified from the lowest part of the
Taishaku Limestone in West Japan,
which was designated as the Eostaffellazone in the preceding paper (SADA, 1967).
The identified species from this zone are
Millerella ? sp. A, Eostaffella kanmerai(IGo), Mediocris sp. A, Endothyra kibiensis SADA, sp. nov., E. sp. A, Quasiendothyra japonica SADA, sp. nov., Tournayella hiroshimana SADA, sp. nov., T.
sp. A, T. sp. B, Monotaxinoides sp.,Burnsia ? sp., Climacammina sp., Tetrataxis sp., Archaediscus sp. and Saccamminopsis sp.
The fauna consisting of the species* Received Jan. 4, 1969: read at the 97th
Meeting of the Palaeontological Society ofJapan at Tokyo, Sept. 23, 1967.
119

120

Kimiyoshi SADA

Systematic Paleontology
Family Ozawainellidae THOMPSON and
FOSTER, 1937
Genus Millerella THOMPSON, 1942
Type-species.- Millerella marblensis

THOMPSON, 1942
Millerella ? sp. A
Pl. 12, figs. 20-21

Descriptive remarks.- The shell of thepresent specimen is minute and discoidal
having a broadly rounded periphery:
The shell is about 130 microns in lengthand 550 microns in width. The form
ratio is 0.22. The spirotheca is composed of a tectum and inner and outer
tectoria in the last two volutions. The
thickness of the spirotheca of the ultimate volution of a specimen is about 10
microns.
The present specimen is in very poor
preservation and it is very difficult toobserve acculately the internal characteristics of the shell. Therefore thespecimens described here are referredto Genus Millerella with question.
Occurrence.- Very rare in the Eostaffella zone of the Taishaku Limestone.
Associated fossils are Eostaffella kanmerai (IGo), Quasiendothyra japonica
SADA, sp. nov. and Endothyra spp.

Genus Eostaffella RAUSERCHERNOUSSOVA, 1948
Type-species.- Eostaffella parastruvei

RAUSER, 1948
Eostaffella kanmerai (IGo) .
Pl. 12, figs. 1-13; Pl. 13, figs. 1-2

1957. Millerella kanmerai IGo.
Sci. Rep.
Tokyo Kyoiku Daigaku, Ser. C, vol. 5,
nos. 47-48, pp. 175-177, pl. 1, figs. 2026, pl. 2, fig. 14.
1964. Eostajfella kanmerai, SADA. jour. Sci.
Hiroshima Univ., Ser. C, vol. 4, no. 3,
pp. 230-231, pl. 21, figs. 8, 16, 17.
1967. Eostajfella kanmerai, SADA. Trans.
Pro c. Palaeont. Soc. japan, N. S., no.
67, pp. 144-145, pl. 12, figs. 1-10.

Description.- The shell of Eostaffellakanmerai (IGo) is fairly large and discoidal in shape, having a broadly rounded periphery and convex lateral slopes.
The shells of four to five volutions are
128 to 270 microns in length and 309 to
634 microns in width, giving the form
ratios of 0.41 to 0.46. The inner three
to four volutions are involute but thelast one is partly evolute.
The outside diameter of the proloculus
ranges from 29 to 52 microns. The radius
vectors of the 1st to the 5th volution offive specimens are 30-49, 51-88, 77-154,
142-245 and 223-349 microns, respectively. The spirotheca is composed of a
distinct tectum and inner and outerdense layers. The thickness of the spirotheca of the 1st to the 5th volution offive specimens is 3-8, 8-11, 9-15, 12-17
and 16-19 microns, respectively. The
average thickness of the proloculus wallis 6 microns in five specimens. The
septa slightly bend anteriorly and theseptal counts of the 1st to the 4th volution of a specimen (A72301-18d) illustrated as fig. 11 on Pl. 12 are 6, 8, 10
and 6(+), respectively. The chomata
are small. The tunnel angles of the 2nd
to the 4th volution of a specimen (A72301
20a) illustrated as fig. 1 on Pl. 12 are 25,
27 and 35 degrees, respectively.
Remarks.-In a large number of thespecimens, the shells of the five volutions
are very rare but the four volutions arecommon. The shell of the five volutions

121555. Microfossils from the Taishaku Limestone
Table 1. Measurements of Eostajfella kanmerai (leo)Specimen

I Vol._

Pl.-fig.
LengthWidthForm ratio
Pro!.

I

A72301-56a
A72301-2~a-l A72302-21a- - --12-1
0.190
0.409
0.46
0.038

Radiusvector

1
2
3
4
5

0.030
0.051
0.077
0.142
0.223

Thickness of
spirotheca

0
1
2
3
4
5

0.005
0.003
0.008
0.013
0.017
0.016

I

I

I

A72301-21a

A72301-74b

13-2
0.154
0.494
0.31
0.034

12-3
0. 137
0.492
0.32
0.052

12-7
0.128
0.309
0.41
0.049

13-1
0.270
0.634
0.42
0.029

0.043
0.057
0.095
0.160
0.270

0.049
0.088
0.154
0.245

0.040
0.069
0.112
0.176

0.035
0.067
0.118
0.204
0.349

0.014
0.009
0.009
0.018
0.015
0.014

0.008
0.005
0.011
0.015
0.014

0.005
0.008
0.009
0.010
0.012

0.006
0.005
0. 011
0.009
0.012
0.019

(Measurements in millimeters)

is represented by the specimen (A7230120a) illustrated as fig. 1 on Pl. 13 and it
is quite similar to the holotype of thespecies (IGo, 1957, pl. 1, fig. 1). The
shells of three to four volutions should
be considered to be of the immature
stage of the species, because they arequite agreeable to the shell of the immature stage of the holotype in the internal biocharacteristic and the measured
values.
Therefore all the specimens illustrated
here are referrable to Eostaffella kanmerai from the Ichinotani formation of
Hida Massif (IGo, 1957), the Eostaffellakanmerai-Millerella bigemmicula zone of
the Atetsu Limestone (SADA, 1964) andthe Millerella zone of the Taishaku
Limestone (SADA, 1967) in West Japan.
Occurrence.-Rare in the Eostaffellazone of the Taishaku Limestone. Associated fossils are Millerella ? sp. A,
Mediocris sp. A, Endothyra kibiensis

SADA, sp. nov.,

E. sp. A, E. spp., Quasiendothyra japonica SADA, sp. nov.,
Tournayella hiroshimana SADA, sp. nov.,
T. sp. A, T. sp. B, Monotaxinoides sp.,
Brunsia ? sp., Climacammina sp., Tetrataxis sp. and Archaediscus sp.
Genus Mediocris ROSOVSKA YA, 1961
Type-species.-Eostaffella mediocris
VISSARINOV A, 1948

Mediocris sp. A
Pl. 12, fig. 14

Descriptive remarks.-The shell of
Mediocris sp. A is fairly large and discoidal. The shell of five volutions is 150
microns in length and 590 microns inwidth, having a form ratio of 0.25. The
spirotheca is finely granular. The inner four volutions are involute but thelast one is completely evolute. The
present specimen is somewhat allied to122

Kimiyoshi SADA

Mediocris evolutis grandiosa RozovsKA YA(1963, p. 107-108, pl. 19, figs. 11-13) but
it differs from M. evolutis grandiosa in
its larger size and the shape of the shell.
In the shape of the shell, Mediocris sp.
A resembles " Millerella" komatsui IGo(1957, p. 174, pl. 1, figs. 10-12; pl. 2, figs.
4-5) from the lchinotani formation inCentral Japan. However, the final specific identification will be postponed until
the sufficient materials are available.
Occurrence.- Very rare in the Eostaffella zone of the Taishaku Limestone.
Associated fossils are Eostaffella kanmerai (IGO), Endothyra kibiensis SADA,
sp. nov., E. sp. A, E. spp., Quasiendothyra
japonica SADA, sp. nov., Tournayella hiroshimana SADA, sp. nov., T. sp. A, T.
sp. B, Monotaxinoides sp., Brunsia? sp.,
Climacammina sp. and Archaediscus sp.

Pl. 12, figs. 15-18
1967. Millerella sp. A SADA. Trans. Proc.
Palaeont. Soc. japan, N. S., no. 67, p.
146, pl. 13, fig. 12.

Description.- The shell of Endothyra
sp. A is minute. The shell of four volutions illustrated as fig. 16 on Pl. 12. is 142
microns long and 389 microns wide, having a form ratio of 0.36. The otherspecimen (Pl. 12, fig. 17) is 97 microns
long and 380 microns wide, possesses aform ratio of 0.25. The inner one to twovolutions have the plectogyral coilingand the 3rd is involute. The last one iscompletely evolute.
The outside diameter of the proloculus
is 28 microns in a specimen (Rg. No.
A72301-la: Pl. 12, fig. 16). The shell
expands very slowly in the inner volutions but expands rapidly in the outerones. The spirotheca is composed of atectum and the inner and outer dense
layers in the inner volutions. In theouter ones it consists of a tectum and afibrous inner layer. The thickness ofthe spirotheca of the 1st to the 4th volution of a specimen (Pl. 12, fig. 16) is 10,
11, 9 and 11 microns, respectively.
Remarks.-The present species was

Family Endothyridae BRADY, 1884
Subfamily Endothyrinae BRADY, 1884
Genus Endothyra PHILLIPS, 1846
Type-species.- Endothyra bowmani

PHILLIPS, 1846
Endothyra kibiensis SADA, sp. nov.
Table 2.

Measurements of Endothyra kibiensis SADA, sp. nov.
Specimen A72301-1a: Pl. 12, fig. 16

Length

Width

0.142

0.389
Radius vector
Vol.
1
2
3
4

I

I

Form ratio

Pro!.

0.36

0.028

Thickness of spirotheca
Vol.

0.048
0.080
0.134
0.218

0
1
2
3
4

0.076
0.010
0. 011
0.009
0. 011.

(Measurements in millimeters)

555. Microfossils from the Taishaku Limestone123

inner volutions. The outer volutions
are evolute.
The outside diameter of the proloculus
is 35 microns in a specimen (Pl. 13, fig.
3). The radius vectors of the 2nd to the
4th volution of the same specimen are
55, 95 and 163 microns, respectively.
The spirotheca is composed of a tectum
and a fibrous inner layer. The thicknessof the spirotheca in a specimen (Pl. 13,
fig. 3) is about 7 microns. The thicknessof the wall of the proloculus is 12 microns
in a specimen.
Remarks.-In the general shape of theshell, the present species somewhat resembles Endothyra shamordini (RAUSER)
from the Visean of Russia. However,the present material is not sufficient for
the final identification of the species.
Occurrence.-Abundant in the Eostaffella zone of the Taishaku Limestone.
Associated fossils are the same as thoseof Endothyra kibiensis SADA, sp. nov.

illustrated without description as Millerella sp. A in my preceding paper(1967). However, the species shows aplectogyral coiling in its inner volutions
and has some characteristics which aresimilar to those of genus Endothyra.
Therefore, I have reached the conclusionthat the species may be referred togenus Endothyra.
Occurrence.-Common in the Eostaffellazone of the Taishaku Limestone. Associated fossils are Eostaffella kanmerai(lGO), Mediocris sp. A, Endothyra sp. A,
E. spp., Quasiendothyra japonica SADA,
sp. nov., Tournayella hiroshimana SADA,
sp. nov., T. sp. A, T. sp. B, Monotaxi·
noides sp., Brunsia ? sp., Climacamminasp., Tetrataxis sp. and Archaediscus sp.
Endothyra sp. A
Pl. 13, figs. 3-7

Description.-The shell of Endothyras9. A is small. The shell of four andhalf a volution (Pl. 13, fig. 3, Rg. No.
A72301-35a) is 73 microns in length and365 microns in width. The form ratio
is 0.20. The plane of coiling turns gra·dually as in plectogyral coiling in the

Genus Quasiendothyra RAUSERCHERNOUSSOV A, 1948
Type-species.~Endothyra

kobeitusana
RAUSER·CHERNOUSSOVA, 1948

Table 3. Measurements of Endothyra sp. A
Specimen A72301-35a: Pl. 13, fig. 3
Length

Width

0.073

0.365
Radius vector
Vol.
1
2
3
4

5

0.038
0.055
0.095
0.163
0. 210I

I

Form ratio

Pro!.

0.20

0.035

Thickness of spirotheca
Vol.
0
1
2
3
4

5

0.012
0.007
0.007
0.007
0.009
0.009

(Measurements in millimeters)'·

Kimiyoshi SADA

124

Table 4. Measurements of Quasiendothyra japonica SADA, sp. nov.
Specimen A72301-18b: Pl. 13, fig. 21
LengthWidthForm ratio

Pro!.

0.172

0.536

0.32

0.035

Radius vector

1
2
3
4

Thickness of spirotheca
Vol.

Vol.
0.072
0.118
0.177
0.294

0
1
2
3
4

0.014
0.016
0.009
0.015
0.016

(Measurements in millimeters)

Quasiendothyra japonica SADA, sp. nov.
Pl. 13, figs. 20-23
1967. Quasiendothyra sp. SADA. Trans. Proc.
Palaeont. Soc. japan, N. S., no. 67, pl.
13, fig. 10.

Description.-The shell of Quasiendothyra japonica SADA, sp. nov. is fairly
large. The shell of the inner volutions
has the plectogyral coiling but the outerones become planispiral, having a rounded periphery. The last volution is partially evolute to completely evolute. The
shell illustrated as fig. 21 on Pl. 13 (Rg.
No. A72301-18b) is 172 microns long and
536 microns wide, giving a form ratio of
0.32.
The proloculus is small and its outside
diameter is 35 microns in a specimen.
The spirotheca is composed of a discontinuous tectum and a fibrous inner
layer. The thickness of the spirothecaof the outer two volutions in a specimen
is about 15 microns. The chomata inthe outer volutions are low and asymmetrical.
Remarks.-The present species somewhat resembles Quasiendothyra aljutovica(REYTLINGER) from the Moscovian of

Russia. However, the former differsfrom the latter in having larger size ofthe shell and higher chambers for corresponding volutions.
Occurrence.-Common in the Eostaffellazone of the Taishaku Limestone. Associated fossils are Eostaffella kanmerai(IGO), Millerella? sp. A, Mediocris sp. A,
Endothyra kibiensis SADA, sp. nov., E.
sp. A, E. spp., Tournayella hiroshimana
SADA, sp. nov., T. sp. A, T. sp. B, f.Jonotaxinoides sp., Brunsia ? sp., Climacammina sp., Tetrataxis sp: and Archaediscus
sp.
Family Tournayellidae DArN, 1953
Genus Tournayella DAIN, 1953
Type-species.- Tournayella discoidea
DAIN, 1953
Tournayella hiroshimana SADA, sp. nov.
Pl. 13, figs. 17-18

Description.-The shell of Tournayellahiroshimana SADA, sp. nov. is small anddiscoidal with the rounded periphery.
The shell of five volutions illustrated as
fig. 17 on Pl. 13 (A72301-33f) is 57 microns

555.
Table 5.

Microfossils. from the Taishaku Limestone

125

Measurements of Tournayella hiroshimana SADA, sp. nov.
Specimen A72301-33f: · Pl. 13, fig. 17

LengthWidthForm ratio

Pro!.

0.057

0.475

0.12

0.055

Radius vector
Vol.

1
2
3
4
5

Thickness of spirotheca
Vol.

0.051
0.076
0.109
0.175
0.267

0
1
2
3
4
5

0.009
0.010
0.010
0.014
0.012
0.011

(Measurements in millimeters)in length and 475 microns in width. The
forin ratio is 0.12.
The proloculus is spherical and its
outside diameter is 55 microns. The
radius vectors of the 1st to the 5th volution of a specimen (Pl. 13, fig. 17) are
51, 76, 109, 175 and 267 microns, respectively. The spirotheca is composed of adark, granular to fibrous layer and its
thickness is about 10 to 14 microns. The
chomata are absent.
Remarks.-In the shell-shape, the measured values and some internal characters, the present species bears a resemblance to the species described by lGo(1957) under the name of " Millerella "discoidea (p. 177-178, pl. 2, figs. 1-3) fromthe lchinotani formation in Central
Japan. However, the latter species differs from the former in its spirothecal
structure.
Occurrence.-Rare in the Eostaffellazone of the Taishaku Limestone. Associated fossils are Eostaffella kanmerai(lGO), Mediocris sp. A, Endothyra kibiensis
SADA, sp. nov., E. sp. A, . E. spp., Quasiendothyra japonica SADA, sp. nov.,
Tournayella sp. A, T. sp. B, Monotaxinoides sp., Brunsia ? sp., Climacamminasp., Tetrataxis sp.
sp.

and Archaediscus

Tournayella sp. A .
Pl. 13, fig. 16

Description.-The shell of Tournayellasp. A is small, discoidal and entirely
evolute, having the broadly rounded periphery and umbilicated poles. The shellof three volutions illustrated as fig. 16
on Pl. 13 (Rg. No. A72301-33b) is 60
microns in length and 430 microns inwidth, showing a form ratio of 0.14.
The proloculus is spherical and large.
Its outside diameter measures 52 microns.
The radius vectors of the 1st to the 3rd
volution of a specimen (Rg. No. A7230133b) are 88, 143 and 220 microns, respectively. The spirotheca is fairly thickand granular to fibrous. The thicknessof the spirotheca of the 1st to the 3rd
volution of a specimen is 10, 16 and 16
miCrons, respectively. The .thickness ofthe proloculus wall js 10 microns in theillu:::trated specimen.
The secondary.
fillings are present in the corners of thechambers.
Remarks.~ The present species is simi-

Kimiyoshi SADA

126

Table 6. Measurements of Tournayella sp. A
Specimen A72301-33b: Pl. 13, fig. 16~----

LengthWidthForm ratio

Prol.

0.060

0.430

0.14

0.052

Radius vector

Vol.

Vol.

1
2
3

Thickness of spirotheca

0.088
0.143
0.220

0
1
2
3

0.006
0.010
0.016
0.016

(Measurements in millimeters)

lar to Tournayella discoidea by DAIN
from the Do nets basin and by SKIPP,HOLCOMB and GUTSCHICK (1966) fromthe Cordilleran region of North America.
However, the latter form has a larger
shell and larger number of volutions.
Occurrence.-Rare in the Eostaffellazone of the Taishaku Limestone. Associated fossils are the same as those ofTournayella hiroshimana SADA, sp. nov.
Tournayella sp. B

Pl. 12, fig. 19

Descriptive remarks.- The shell ofTournayella sp. B is discoidal, evolute,and broadly umbilicate on both sides.
The shell of five volutions illustrated
as fig. 19 on Pl. 12 (Rg. No. A72301-37a)
is 101 microns long and 479 microns
wide, giving a form ratio of 0.21.
The proloculus is spherical and its
outside diameter is 38 microns. The
radius vectors of the 1st to the 5th

Explanation of Plate 12
All x 100 except fig. 16
Figs. 1-13. Eostaffella kanmerai (IGo)
1-10, 13? Axial sections: Rg. No. A72301-20a, A72301-60a, A72301-56a, A72301-62a
A72301-55a, A72301-46a, A72301-21a, A72301-7la, A72301-74a, A72301-21f and
A72301-29b, respectively. (See also Pl. 13, figs. 1 and 2). Figs. 1-6 are matureindividuals and Figs. 7-10 are immature individuals.
11-12. Sagittal section: Rg. No. A72301-18d and A72301-57a, respectively.
Fig. 14. Mediocris sp. Axial section: Rg. No. A72301-55c.
Figs. 15-18. Endothyra kibiensis SADA, sp. nov.
15. Axial section of holotype: Rg. No. A72301-39a.
16-17. Axial sections of para type: A72301-1a ( x 102) and A72301-1c, respectively.
18. Equatorial section: Rg. No. A72301-31b.
Fig. 19. Tournayella sp. B. Axial section: Rg. No. A72301-37a.
Figs. 20-21. Millerella? sp.
20. Axial section: Rg. No. A72302-lla.
21. Sagittal section: · Rg. No. A72302-6a.

SADA :

3

7

19

Plate 12Microfossils from the Taishaku Limestone

4

5

555.

Microfossils from the Taishaku Limestone

127

Table 7. Measurements of Tqurnayella sp. B
Specimen A72301-37a: Pl. 12, fig. 19
Length

~--·

-----

0.038

0.21

0.479

0.101

Pro!.

Form ratio

Width-----~~

Thickness of spirotheca

Radius vector
Vol.

Vol.
-------·

1
2
3
4
5~

0
1
2
3
4
5

0. 0400. 0630.112
0.173
o. 2850. 011
0.010
0.009
0.016
0.016
0.018

·----·-----(Measurements in millimeters)

volution of a specimen are 40, 63, 112,173 and 285 microns, respectively. The
spirotheca is dark, calcareous and fineto coarsely granular. The thickness ofthe spirotheca of the 1st to the 5th volution of the illustrated specimen is ranging from 9 to 18 microns.
The specimen referred to Tournayellasp. B has similarity to Tournayella sp.
A in some respects. However, the latter
species has fewer volutions and moredeeply umbilicated poles.
Occurrence.-Rare in the Eostaffellazone of the Taishaku Limestone. Associated fossils are the same as those ofTournayella hiroshimana SADA, sp. nov.
Family Lasiodiscidae REYTLINGER, 1956
Genus Monotaxinoides BRAZHNIKOVA& YARTSEVA, 1956
Type-species.- Monotaxinoides transitorius BRAZHNIKOVA & Y ARTSEVA, 1956

Monotaxinoides sp. is discoidal and planispiral in the coiling. Its diameter is
340 microns. The spirotheca is composedof outer dark dense and inner fibrouslayers. The aperture opens at the endof the tube.
The present specimen is very rare at
the basal part of the Taishaku Limestone
and only one equatorial section of thisspecies has been obtained.
The specimen illustrated here reveals
several characters of Genus Monotaxinoides. Therefore it may be ascribableto this genus.
Occurrence.-Rare in the Eostaffellazone of the Taishaku Limestone. Associated fossils are Eostaffella kanmerai(IGO), Mediocris sp. A, Endothyra kibiensis SADA, sp. nov., E. sp. A, E. spp.,
Quasiendothyra japonica SADA, sp. nov.,
Tournayella hiroshimana SADA, sp. nov.,
T. sp. A, T. sp. B, Brunsia ? sp., Climacammina sp., Tetrataxis sp. and Archaediscus sp.

Monotaxinoides sp.

References

Pl. 13, fig. 19

Descriptive

remarks.- The

shell

of

(See also the references cited in the preceding paper (SADA, 1967))

128

Kimiyoshi SADA

ARMSTRONG, A. K. (1958) : Meramecian (Mississippian) Endothyrid Fauna from the
Arroyo Penasco Formation, Northern andCentral New Mexico. jour. Paleont., vol.
32, no. 5, pp. 970-976, pl. 127.
MooRE, R. C. (Editor) (1964) : Treaties on
Invertebrate Paleontology, Part C, Pro·
tista (2), vols. 1-2. The Geol. Soc. Amer.
and The Univ. Kansas Press.
REYTLINGER, E. A. (1966) : Some Problemsof the classification and Evolution ofEndothyra and Primitive Fusulinids.
Akad. Nauk SSSR., Otdelenie Nauk oZemle, Voprosbi Mikropaleontologi, no.
10, pp. 39-66, pls. 1-3.
RosovsKAYA, S. E. (1963) : The Fossil Typesof Fusulinids and Their Ancestors. Akad.
Nauk SSSR, Trudy PaleontologicheskogoInst., tom 97, pp. 1-128, pls. 1-12.
Ross, C. A. (1967) : Late Paleozoic Fusulinacea from Northern Yukon Territory.
jour. Paleont., vol. 41, no. 3, pp. 709-725,
pls. 79-86.
SAbA, K. (1967) : Fusulinids of the Millerella
Zone of the Taishaku Limestone (Studiesof the Stratigraphy and the Microfossil
Faunas of the Carboniferous and Permian
Taishaku Limestone in West Japan, No.
1) Trans. Proc. Palaeont. Soc. japan,
N. S., no. 67, pp. 139-147, pls. 12-13.
SKIPP, B. (1961): Stratigraphic Distributionof Endothyrid Foraminifera in Carboniferous Rocks of the Mackay Quadrangle,
Idaho. Geological Surrvey Research, Short
Papers in the Geologic and Hydrologic
Science, Articles 147-292, pp. C239-C244.
SKIPP, B., HoLcOM, L. D. and GuTsCHICK,
R. C. (1966) : Tournayellinae, Calcareous
Foraminifera, in Mississippian Rocks ofNorth America. Cushman Found. Foraminiferal Research, Special Publication,
no. 9, pp. 5-31, pls. 1-7.
THOMPSON, M. L. (1948) : Studies of American Fusulinids. Protozoa, Article 1,
University of Kansas PaleontologicalContributions, pp. 1-184, pls. 1-38.
WooDLAND, R. B. (1958):
Stratigraphic
Significance of Mississippian Endothyroid
Foraminifera in Central Utah. jour.
Paleont ., vol. 32, no. 5, pp. 791-814, pls.

Explanation of Plate 13
All x 100 except Fig. 20
Figs. 1-2.
1-2.

Eostaffella kanmerai (IGo)Axial sections: Rg. No. A72301-74b and A72302-21a, respectively. Figs. 1-2 aremature individuals.
Figs. 3-7: Endothyra sp. A.
3-7. Axial sections: Rg. No. A72301-35a, A72301-59b, A72301-61a, A72301-21b andA72301-2b, respectively.
Fig. 8. Brunsia? sp. Equatorial section: Rg. No. A72302-4a.
Figs. 9-15. Endothyra spp. Axial sections: Rg. No. A72302-10b, A72302-5a, A72302-8a,
A72301-30a, A72302-4a, A72301-20c and A72301-25a, respectively.
Fig. 16. Tournayella sp. A. Axial section: Rg. No. A72301-33b.
Figs. 17-18. Tournayella hiroshimana SADA, sp. nov.
17. Axial section of holotype: Rg. No. A72301-33f.
18. Axial section of para type: Rg. No. A72302-15d.
Fig. 19. Monotaxinoides sp. Equatorial section: Rg. No. A72301-23b.
Figs. 20-23. Quasiendothyra japonica SADA, sp. nov.
21. Axial section of holotype: Rg. No. A72301-18b.
20, 22. Axial sections of para type: A72302-2b ( x 102) and A72301-35b, respectively.
23. Equatorial section: Rg. No. A72301-16a.

SADA :

Plate 13

Microfossils from the Taishaku Limestone

7

5
4

8

12

9

16

17

23

55.5. Microfossils from the Taishaku Limestone
99-103.
E.]. (1957): Mississippian Endothyroid Foraminifera from the Cordi!-

ZELLER,

Atetsu Limestone l\iiJ'W"151*~5
Hida Massif
1lHY~ Ill J:l!l129

leran Geosyncline. jour. Paleont., vol.
31, no. 4, pp. 679-704, pis. 75-92.

Ichinotani0) ~Taishaku Limestone ifil'~.R:fil*:'E

· Trans. Proc. Palaeont. Soc. Japan, N.S., No. 75, pp. 130-135, pl. 14, Sept. 30, 1969

556.

PLIOCENE BORING SHELLS AND THEIR BURROWSFROM THE ENVIRONS OF SENDAI, JAPAN*
KOICHIRO MASUDA
Department of Geology, Miyagi University of Education

andHIROSHI NODA
Institute of Geology and Paleontology, Faculty of Science, Tohoku University

filit1'1iili:())@.¥Wfrti!:~JU~J. c {-())~}\:: f1Utl'r!l1iili:IC5f;ffi'T MJWfrt!l: i'iV P~, .t-5 J:: \5;\.
*W~ft~S~G~-L~~Rmc.:t())~J\:(~~r/~1~ ~~aL, {-())~-~~--~-?v''"C~t~L~o ~ Gf.::, flft/l=t~())'t'LlJ:'GT~r:j:1ii'G~·U:~JL~IJ'i Zirfaea ())~'frtml:·<b
0i::.c7J;fU-:ot.:())l:· Zirfaea hataii cif!li!Lt.:ot(g 111 ~- t!il·!llt S3 i'a I'D

valves from a sandstone of the Tatsunokuchi Gorge in the western part of
Sendai City. To date no rock boringbivalves have been reported from theTatsunokuchi Formation, though numerous molluscan shells were described bymany authors since NOMURA and HATAI(1936) first described Area tatunokutiensis, n. sp. from the formation.
Several sandpipes containing the rockboring bivalves were also collected by
the junior writer from the upper partof the Yagiyama Formation at Shishiochi, Sendai City.
As the burrows made by the marine
bivalves are important and interestingwith regard to interpretation of the paleoenvironmental conditions of the area,
their characteristics and their sandpipes
are described and their geological significances discussed in this article.
Deep appreciation is expressed to Professor Kotora HATAI of the Institute ofGeology and Paleontology, Faculty of

Introduction and Acknowledgements
It is well known that the Tatsunokuchi
Formation distributed in the environs of
Sendai City has yielded many kinds offossils such as molluscs, brachiopods,
crabs, foraminifers, fishes, whales, elephant teeth, diatoms, drift woods, plantleaves, etc., many of which have alreadybeen published.
Recently the se11ior writer collected
some interesting sandpipes containing
the original boring shells from a basaltic andesite boulder of the Tatsunokuchi
Formation. It is interesting that therock boring bivalves were found in theigneous rocks, because they usually occur in sedimentary rocks (mostly of
Tertiary) such as sandstone, siltstone,
etc. (MASUDA, 1968). On the other hand,the junior writer found some boring bi-* Received January 25, 1969; read January
25, 1969.

130556.. Pliocene Boring Shells from· Sendai

Science, Tohoku University, for his contiguous encouragement and reading themanuscript. Thanks are also due toMessrs. Morihiro AoKI of the Department of Geology, Miyagi University of
Educati.on and lsao HrNo of the Department of Geology, Faculty of Arts andSciences, Tohoku University for their
help in various ways.

131· Occurrence of Sandpipe
The sandpipes were found in theweathered basaltic andesite boulders
embedded in the fossil shell bed ofcoarse- to very coarse-grained ·sandstone
making the G6roku cliff in the westernborder of Sendai .city (text-fig. 1). · At
that locality the conglomerate of· theFig. 1. Map showing the fossil localities.

132

Koichiro MASUDA and Hiroshi NODA

Tatsunokuchi Formation overlies thepisolite bearing tuffaceous siltstone of
the upper part of the Kameoka Formation_ The fossil shell bed including theboulders lies above the conglomeratementioned above.
The sandpipes with the well preserved
boring bivalves occur in almost uprightposition with the upper surface of theboulder, open at the top and broadly
and regularly rounded at. the lower part.
None were found on the lower surfaceof the boulder.
Numerous molluscan species (NOMURA,
1938) are known from the same locality
as the boring shells. The common and·characteristic molluscan species are
Anadara tatunokutiensis (NOMURA andHATAI), Glycymeris gorokuensis NOMURA,
Forti pecten takahashii (YOKOYAMA), Ostrea gigas THUNBERG, Anomia cytaeum
GRAY, joannisiella cumingi (HANLEY),
Pitar sendaica NOMURA, Dosinia tatunokutiensis NOMURA, Meretrix parameretrix
NoMURA, Macoma tokyoensis MAKIYAMA,
Panope japonica (A. ADAMS), Mya japonica ]AY, Littorina brevicula PHILIPPI,
Tegula yabei NOMURA, Neverita kiritaniana gorokuensis (NOMURA), etc. Amongthe listed species the rocky bottom
dwelling ones are such as Ostrea, Anomia, Littorina, Tegula, etc.
The sandpipes with the boring bivalves
were found in the siltstone of the uppermost part of the Yagiyama Formation
exposed in a roadside cutting near the
Shishiochi Mineral Spring (Text-fig. 1).
The upper parts of the sandpipes are
irregular because of the loading by theoverlying Dainenji Formation and occur
in almost upright position, open at the
top and broadly rounded at the lower.

Description of Sandpipe
A few sandpipe specimens from theG6roku cliff were examined. The lengthof the sandpipes measures about 25 mm.
The upper end of the sandpipes is open
and continuous to the overlying layer.
It tends to expand regularly towards
the lower part and attains about 13 mm
in maximum diameter. The lower end
is regularly rounded and subcircular in
profile. The longitudinal axis is nearlystraight.
The contents of the· sandpipes are ofrather poorly sorted medium-grainedsandstone, generally coarser in the innerpart and finer outwards. These differences of grain size in the sandpipes ofthe boring bivalves have been observedin the sandpipes of Barnea (Umitakea)
japonica (YOKOYAMA) from the Pliocene
Yagiyama Formation (MASUDA and TAKEZAWA, 1961) and the sandpipes of
Pholadidea sp. in the volcanic rocks of
the Miocene Takadate Andesite (MASUDA,
1968).
The present sand pipes differ, from theones of Zirfaea subconstricta (YOKOYAMA) in having shorter length of burrow,and also from the ones of Pholadidea
sp. penetrating volcanic rocks in having
rather straight longitudinal axis andbluntly pointed basal end.
The sandpipes from the Yagiyama
Formation are long flask-like in shape,and measure about 30 mm in length.
The upper end measures about 4 mm indiameter and is subcircular in profile,whereas downwards it tends to expand
gradually and attains about 23 mm indiameter. The lower end is blunt andsubcircular in profile. The longitudinal
axis is usually somewhat bent. Comparing with the sandpipes of Zirfaea
described by ITOIGAWA (1963a, b) from
the Miocene Mizunami Group in Gifu
Prefecture, the present sandpipes areusually of smaller size.

556.

Pliocene Boring Sh&lls from Sendai

Description of the Boring Shell
Family Pholadidae
Genus Zirfaea GRAY, 1847
Zirfaea hataii MASUDA and NODA, n. sp.
Pl. 14, fig. 3

Holotype.-IGPS*, col!. cat. no. 86742.
Description.-Shell small, rather thick,moderately inflated ; separated into twoparts by distinct, narrow, nearly straight,
oblique furrow running from beak toventral margin; furrow sculptured withnumerous, transverse, fine incremental
lines ; anterior part somewhat shorter
than posterior, triangular in shape, sculptured with fine but distinct, close-set,
undulated concentric lines and about 10,
rather stout, low radiating riblets,
making file-like texture, bluntly pointed
at end ; posterior part sculptured withbroad, flat-topped concentric lines, rounded at end; umbonal reflection distinct.
Dimensions (in mm).-Height 9.8, length
14, depth ca. 5.
Remarks.-Only one left valve is at
hand and it may represent a young shell.
This species is named in honor of Professor Kotora HATAI of the Tohoku University.
The present new species resembles
Zirfaea subconstricta (YOKOYAMA) (YoKOYAMA, 1924), a Pleistocene and Recent
species of Japan, but it can be distinguished from YoKOYAMA's species by
its rather thick shell and by the anterior part being sculptured with conspicuous concentric lines and about 10, rather
stout radiating riblets. Zirfaea subconstricta kotorai OTUKA (1934) describedfrom the Miocene Kadonosawa Formationof lwate Prefecture, can be distinguished* -Abbreviation for Institute of Geology
and Paleontology, Tohoku University, Sendai.

133

from the present one by its rude concentric structure and faint radiating
rib lets.
Type locality, geological formation andage.-Goroku cliff along the right bankof the Hirose-gawa, near the waterway
tunnel of the Sankyozawa Electric Plant,in the western border of Sendai City
(Lat. 38° 16'N., Long. 140° 49'E.). Tatsunokuchi Formation. Early Pliocene.
Occurrence.-Rare.
Zirfaea sp.
PI. 14, figs. 5, 6

Remarlls.-The specimens are represented by more or less deformed castand mold. They are characterized by :Shell medium in size, oblong, inequilateral ; rather distinctly separated into
two parts by low, rather faint furrow
running from beak to ventral margin;
anterior part sculptured with rather low,
oblique concentric lines having undulated
tubercles; tubercles distinct at anterior
half but tend to become obscure towards
posterior; obtusely pointed at end; posterior part sculptured with regularly
spaced, fine, low concentric lines andfaint, fine internal concentric lines.
Zirfaea subconstricta (YOKOYAMA) differs from the present one in having
large shell, file-like sculpture at anterior
part and close-set, fine concentric lines.
Zirfaea hataii MASUDA and NODA described in earlier lines is also distinguishable from the present one by thesurface sculpture. However, the namingis held until better preserved specimens
are obtained.
The present specimens were found in
the silty very fine-grained sandstone of
the upper part of the Tatsunokuchi ·Formation. They occur rarely in association
with some molluscs such as Macoma

134

Koichiro MASUDA and Hi?·oshi NO DA

to kyoensis MAKIYAMA, Lucinoma annulata (REEVE), etc. crabs, plant fragments,
etc.
· Di m ens io n s. (in mm ).-Height 20.5,
length ca. 35, depth ca. 5.
L ocality, geological for mation and age.
- Left river cliff of the Tatsunokuchi
stream, near the entrance of the Tatsunokuchi Gorge, Oimawashi, Sendai City
(Lat. 38°14'48"N., Long. 140°51'36"E.) .
Tatsunokuchi Formation. Early Pliocene.
Remar.ks

As pointed out in earlier lines thebasaltic andesite boulders with bore-holesof t!'!e boring bivalves were found in thefossil shell bed in the lower part of the
Tatsunokuchi Formation exposed in theG6roku cliff. The fossil molluscs fromthat locality a·r e composed of sandy bottom dwelling molluscs in association
with some rocky bottom dwelling ones.
However, these rocky bottom dwell ers
are . unknown from any other. localitiesof the Tatsunokuchi Formation in theenvir:ons of Sendai City. AcGording to
SHIBATA (1960) the thickness of the Tatsunokuchi Formation is less in thewestern or northwestern regions than in
the eastern or southeastern r eg ions andthe western margin of the formation isnear G6roku. From the lithologic char-acteristics it may be. considered that thebasaltic andesite boulders with bore-holes
may have been derived from the Mitaki
Andesite. Therefore, it is ex pected thatthe basement rocks or i:he boulders with
bore-holes of the boring shells may also
be found in the western or northwesternregions in the erivirons ·of Sendai. That
is to say, it is thought that rocky shore
bottoms may have been developed in thewestern or northwestern regions prior
the deposition of the Tatsunokuchi Formation. However, further study is necessary to clarify the detailed stratigraphic
relations between the Tatsunokuchi Formation and the older formations.
Two types of sandpipes are known
from the uppermos~ part of the Yagiyama Formation. That is to say, thesand pipes made by . Barnea (Um itakea)
japonica (YOKOYAMA) (MASUDA and TAKEZA WA, 1961) are found at the northernend of Koeji, Sendai City and thoseof Zirfaea at Shishiochi, about 1 km
northeast of the locality mentioned
above. From the accounts mentioned
above the environmental conditions may
have been different between the two
localities.
References
BARR OWS , A. L. (1917) : Geolog ic Signi fica nceof F ossil Roc k- Borin g Animals . Bull.

Explanation of Plate 14
Figs . 1- 2b. Zirfaea sub constrict a (YoKoYA MA) , x 3. L ocalit y: Isoham a, Mi yag i P ref ectu re,Recent.
Fig . 3. Zirfa ea hataii M ASUD A and N o DA, n . s p., x 3. Holot ype, IGPS coiL cat. no . 86742,
T at s unokuchi F or mation, E arly P liocene, Localit y no. 1. .
Fig . 4. Sa nd-pip e of Zirfa ea ha taii MASU DA and N oDA, n . s p. , IGPS coli. cat. no . 86742,
Tats unokuch i F ormation, Early Pliocene, Locali t y no . 1.
Figs. 5, 6. Z irfaea s p., Fig . 5, x 5, Fig. 6, x 1. T ats unokuch i Forma tion , E arl y Pliocene,
Loca lit y no. 2.
Figs. 7-10b. Sandpipes f ound in th e. tuffaceous s iltstone of th e uppermost part of t he Ya gi yam a
Formation, Pliocene, x 2. IGPS col!. ca t. no. 86799, Localit y no . 3.

MASUDAand NODA :laK. Kt.J MA GA I,

photo.

Pliocene Boring Shells from Sendailb

2aPlate 14

2b

556.

Ceo/. Soc. Am., Vol. 28, pp. 965-972.
HANZAWA, s., HATAI, K., IWAI, J., KITAMURA, N. and SHIBATA, T. (1953): The
Geology of Sendai and its Environs. Sci.
Rep., Tohoku Univ., Ser. 2 (Ceo!.), Vol.
25, pp. 1-50, 14 tables, 2 maps, 4 charts.
lTOIGAWA, J. (1963): Miocene rock- andwood-boring bivalves and their burrows
from the Mizunami Group, central Japan.
jour. Earth Sci., Nagoya Univ., Vol. 11,
No. 1, pp. 101-123, pis. 1-7, 2 tables, 5
figs.
(1963b) : Some Miocene boring shells
and their life tracks ("Lebens-spuren"from the Mizunami group, Gifu Prefecture, Japan. Earth Sci., No. 67, pp. 112, pis. 1-2, 1 fig., 2 tables.
MAsUDA, K. (1968) : Sandpipes Penetrating
Igneous Rocks in the Environs of Sendai,
Japan. Trans. Proc. Palaeont. Soc. japan, N.S., No. 72, pp. 351-362, pls. 38-39,
2 text-figs., 1 table.
- - and TAKEZAWA, R. (1961): On an
Interesting Sandpipe from the Environs

G6rokuOimawashi j£iShishiochi J{[

135

Pliocene Boring Shells from Sendai

§@

fit

of Sendai, Miyagi Prefecture, Northeast
Honshu, Japan. Saito Ho-on Kai Mus.,
Res. Bull., No. 30, pp. 39-46, pl. 1, 1
text-fig.
NoMuRA, S. (1938): Molluscan Fossils fromthe Tatunokuti Shell Bed Exposed at
G6roku Cliff in the Western Border of
Sendai. Sci. Rep., Tohoku Imp. Univ.,
Ser. 2 (Ceo!.),. Vol. 19, No. 2, pp. 235275, pis. 33-36.
- - and HATAI, K. (1936): On Some Species of the Genus Area from the Neogene of Northeast Honsyu, Japan. japanese jour. Ceol. Ceogr., Vol. 13, Nos. 12, pp. 63-70, pis. 12-13.
SIIIBATA, T. (1960): On the Unconformity
between the Tatsunokuchi Formationand the Kitayama Formation. Sci. Rep.,
Tohoku Univ., Ser. 2 (Ceol.), Spec. Vol.
No. 4, pp. 555-565, 5 text-figs.
YoKOYAMA, M. (1924) : Mollusca from theCoral-Bed of Awa. jour. Coli. Sci., Imp.
Univ. Tokyo, Vol. 45, Art. 1, pp. 1-62,
pis. 1-5.

Koeji
Sankyozawa
Tatsunokuchi:=:JiF,·IR

mI P

Trans. Proc. Palaeont. Soc. Japan, N. S., No. 75, pp. 136-152, pls. 15-17, Sept. 30, 1969

557.

NANNOFOSSILS FROM JAPAN I. MIOCENEDISCOASTERS FROM NOTOSHIRO NISHIDA

Department of Earth Science, Nara University of Education

Introduction
This investigation was initiated during
the ordinary and electronmicroscopic
examination of the calcareous sedimentsfrom the Noto Peninsula, Central Japan.
Micropaleontological studies of this region has been done by lCHIKA w A andothers. lCHIKA w A et al. (1950, 1956, 1963,
1964 and 1967) dealt mainly with diatoms,
pollen, spores and si!icoflagellata, and
ASANO (1953) studied Miocene foraminifera. Occurrence of calcareous nannofossils was reported by NISHIDA andSHIMAKURA (1967). In this paper present author treats only discoasters. Coccoliths and other nannofossils will bereported in the near future.
Since the stratigraphic value of discoasters was recognized by BRAMLETTE
and RIEDEL (1954), an increasing numberof papers has been published on thecalcareous remains of the nannofossils* Received March 4, 1969; read Sept. 22,
1968 at Kanazawa.

in recent years, but the reports froii).
"Japan are meager. Most papers of them
~have been devoted to the description of
the variety of discoasters from the early
Tertiary, and few published have been
devoted to the occurrence of these tiny
fossils in the late Tertiary. Present
study clarified a part of the Miocene
discoaster assembrage from the district
along the Sea of Japan.
Star-shaped, minute, calcareous, skeletal remains are included in the " form
genus" named Discoaster. These organisms are supposed not to be living atpresent, and so there is no certainty of
its relationship to the other calcareous
nannofossils. In spite of the obscurity
in taxonomical position of this nannofossils, discoasters are recognized as
excellent guide fossils in the Cenozoic
period.
In this paper, twenty-one species ofDiscoasters are presented with ordinary and electronmicroscopical investigations. Four new species of Discoasters
are described. They are named Dis136

557.

Miocene Discoasters from Noto

coaster gladiatus, D. japonicus, D. notoensis and D. trifurcatus. Type specimen
will be preserved in the Department ofEarth Science, Nara University of Education.

Acknowledgements
A part of the samples was collectedby Assistant Professor Shiro ISHIDA of
Kyoto University. Mr. Kazumi MATSUOKA and Mr. Hisashi OKUDA of Nara
University of Education helped the present author for the sampling in the field.
The writer wishes to express his sincer
thanks to them. He received valuablesuggestions from Dr. Toshiaki TAKAYAMA of Tohoku University. The writer
wishes to express his thanks to Professor
Misaburo SHIMAKURA of Nara Universityof Education for his constant encouragement and valuable suggestions. Thanks
are also due to Assistant Professor Tsutomu HONJO of Hokkaido University forhis hearty encouragement. The authors
grateful thanks due to Professor George
DEFLANDRE of Paris and to Professor
William W. HAY of Illinois University
for the literatures.

Previous investigations
The studies of discoasters was initiatedby EHRENBERG (1854) in his " Mikrogeologie ", but he considered it to be of
inorganic ongm.
JuKES-BROWN and
HARRISON (1892) figured several calcareous " Stellate bodies " from the
Oceanic formation of Barbados. The
first systematic work was done by TAN
SIN HoK (1927), who applied the name
"Discoaster" to the group from the late
Tertiary of Indonesia. A few forms
were described by SUJIKOWSKI (1930)
from Poland, DEFLANDRE (1934), BERSIER

137(1939) from the Molasse of the northern
Alps and by COLOM and GAMUNDI (1951)
from the Middle Tertiary of Majorca.
DEFLANDRE also vigorously studied from1934 and summarized with his views on
their systematic agreement in the" Traite de Paleontologie" (1952a) andmore complately in the "Traite de Zoologie" (1952b).
Recent investigations of discoasters
are as follows : BLACK and BARNES(1961), BOUCHE (1962), BRAMLETTE and
RIEDEL (1954), BRAMLETTE (1957), BRAMLETTE and SULLIVAN (1961), BRONNIMANN
and STRADNER (1960), BRONNIMANN and
RIGASSI (1963), COI-IEN (1964 and 1965),
DEFLANDRE and FERT (1954), HAY and
SCHAUB (1960), HAY (1964), HAY and
TOWE (1962 and 1966), HAY et al. (1967),
HONJO et al. (1967), LEVIN (1965), LEVIN
and JOERGER (1967), MAIER (1959), MARTINI (1958, 1960, 1961 and 1962), MARTINI and BRAMLETTE (1963), MARTINI et
a!. (1967), STRADNER (1959a, 1959b and1961), STRADNER and PAPP (1961), SULLIVAN (1964 and 1965) and others. In
these studies, BLACK and BARNES, DEFLANDRE and FERT, HAY and TOWE,
and HoNJo et al. dealt discoasters withelectronmicroscope.
From the Neogene of Japan, Discoasters are first reported by TAKAYAMA(1966, Oral presentation at the annual
meeting of the Geological Society ofJapan, at Kanazawa) from the upper
Miocene of ChOshi, HONJO et al. (1967)
and MINOURA et al. (1967, Oral presentation at the annual meeting of the Geological Society of Japan, at Nagoya) fromthe Neogene of Boso, and by NISHIDA
and SHIMAKURA (1967, Oral presentation
at the above mensioned meeting) from
the Middle Miocene of Noto.

Shiro NISHIDA

138
Samples studied and theirstratigraphic relationship

The Noto Peninsula belonging geologically to a part of the Miocene Green
Tuff region consists of the Neogene
strata covering the basement of the
Hida Complex. Calcareous nannofossilbearing beds restricted to the Miocene
beds. No pre-Neogene sediments exist
under these Neogene beds and in thevicinity of these sedimentary basins.
Recent stratigraphical studies of thenortheastern region of this peninsula
were done by NAGAHAMA (1951), KUBO
(1953), MASUDA (1954), ISHIDA and MASUDA (1956), MASUDA and ISHIDA (1956),
and ISHIDA (1959). Geology of thispeninsula was compiled comprehensively
by KASENO (1965). HOSONO et a[. (1949)
and SUZUKI (1950) investigated the historical geology of the province of Noto.
Researches for diatomite were done by
ICHIKAWA and KASENO (1963) and theFounda)llental Session of the Ishikawa
Prefectural Society for the Study of
Utilization of Diatomite (1966).
According to ISHIDA (1959), the stratigraphic succession of the Miocene NotoGroup in this region is established asfollows:
Suzu formation
Najimi black mudstone, with a glauconitebearing flinty bed and partly diatomaceous beds.
. Iwakurayama liparite and Awagura tuff.
Akagami hard shale, in part diatomaceous.
Higashiinnai alternation, with the Middle
Miocene fauna.
Yanagida formation
Basalts and dacitic sediments with the
Middle Miocene flora and Bunolophodon
annectens.
Anamizu formation
Andesites, andesitic ryoclastics and clastic
sediments derived from them.

Calcareous nannofossils have been
discovered from the Najimi mudstone,
the lida diatomaceous mudstone, theAkagami shale, the Hojilji diatomaceous
mudstone, the Wajima calcareous sandstone and the Wajima alternation. The
lida diatomaceous mudstone is named
for the diatomaceous part of the Awagura tuff. The Hojilji diatomaceous
mudstone is also the name given to thediatomaceous part of the Akagami shale.
The Wajima calcareous sandstone iscorrelated to the Iwakurayama liparite
and the Awagura tuff horizon, and the
Wajima alternation is correlated to the .
Higashiinnai alternation. These discoasters occurring strata are regarded as theMiddle or Upper Miocene in age. Their
stratigraphic range extends from the
Nishikurosawa to the Funakawa stageof the standard division in Japan, andit also corresponds to that from the lateKurosedani to the early Otogawa stageof the standard division in Hokuriku
region, Central Japan.
Locality map of samples is shown in

SEA of JAPAN

~

CAPE

SUZU

WM'M'

~~·)<19( NOTO PENINSULATSURUGIJI

ANAMIZU

X~4

0

10

20km

Text-fig. 1. Sample locality map. Inset:
Map of a part of the Far East showing theposition of the Noto Peninsula.

557.

Miocene Discoasters from Noto

text-fig. 1. The stratigraphic unit, location and the lithology for each sample
are given below.
NC-8. Najimi mudstone. Awazu, Suzu City.
Gray mudstone.
NC-21-28. Najimi mudstone. Rokugosaki,
Noroshi-Cho, Suzu City. White to lightgray mudstone.
NC-9. Iida diatomaceous mudstone. Morikoshi, Suzu City. Gray diatomaceous
mudstone.
NC-30-35. Iida diatomaceous mudstone. IidaCho, Suzu City. Gray diatomaceous mudstone.
NC-19. Wajima calcareous sandstone. Kamogaura, Wajima City. Hard white calcareous sandstone.
NC-1. Hojuji diatomaceous mudstone. Uwado-Cho, Suzu City. Gray diatomaceous
mudstone.
NC-4. Hojuji diatomaceous mudstone. Hojuji, Uwado-Cho, Suzu City. White togray diatomaceous mudstone.
NC-5 & 13. Akagami shale. Awazu, Suzu
City. Gray hard shale.
NC-16. Akagami shale. ]ike, Suzu City.
Gray hard shale.
NC-20. Wajima alternation. Kawai-Ch6, Wajima City. Shell-bearing medium grainedsandstone.

Method of the study
At the field, samples were collectedtaking care to eliminate the contamination. In the laboratory, after crushing
the massive sample, the pulverized andshieved one under 100 mesh in size wasused for the study. The shieved sample
was soaked in about 5 percent solutionof potassium hydroxide for more thana day for dispersion. Sometimes sodium
hexametaphosphate was added to a concentration of about 1 percent in thisdispersing procedure. Next, calcareous
nannofossils were concentrated by thehydraulic procedure, repeatedly washing139

them to become so clean and pure as tobe from any fine colloidal material. Afterall the finer material was eliminated, thesample was shieved to be under 250 meshand then set upon the centrifugal separation at 1500 rpm. for 30 seconds. Next,
the equal volume of sodium hypochloride
solution was added, and boiled in water
bath for 10 minutes to eliminate organic
matter and silicious microfossils. Again,
the process of centrifugal separation andthe washing with water was repeatedalternately. Through these procedure,
specimens for ordinary and electron
microscopy were prepared. For the
optical microscopy, a drop of water withsuspending nannofossils was spread ona slide glass, which was allowed to dryup, and the remained fossils were sealedin Pleurax. Carbon replica for the electron microscopy was made by the following procedures. Usually it is madeby simply dropping the sample on apiece of thin glass and allowing it to
dry up. Present author commonly used
optical microscopic cover glass for thispurpose. In the bell jar where the air
was evacuated to about 1x10- 4 torr.,
evaporated carbon was attached on thesurface of the specimen so that it attained a suitable thickness. The carbon
coated specimen was then taken out of
the jar and sectioned to squares of about
2x2 milimeters and floated on 5 percent
hydrofluoric acid solution in a polyetylen
dish till the glass was resolved out or
separated. After being washed withwater sufficiently, replicated carbon films
were transferred to the bath of 10 percent
hydrochloric acid, and kept for about 1
hour, and then washed again with water
repeatedly. Fluorite which replaced thecalcareous nannofossils was dissolved out
or separated within about 1 hour. Replicated carbon film was scooped up by a
150 mesh copper net.· Obtained carbon

140

Shiro NISHIDA
nofossils in younger strata through the
reworking of original sources. In the
Noto Peninsula the basement of theNoto Group consists of plutonic andmetamorphic rocks belonging to the Hida
metamorphic belt. No pre-Miocene strata
are observed in this region. The lowest
part of this group is the volcanic Anamizu formation derived from the Green
Tuff earth movements. The succeeding
Yanagida formation yields many plantfossils showing the Daishima type flora
and the Higashiinnai alternation produces
abundant molluscan fossils showing the
Yatsuo-Kadonosawa type fauna. These
Yanagida formation and the Higashiinnai
alternation have been accepted as shallow
sea deposits. Also, no Paleogence strata
are known in the hinterlend of thispeninsula. From above reasons, any
possibility of the secondary derivationof the nannofossils may be denied.
Occurrence of Discoaster in each sample is shown in text-figure 2. This figure'does not show any numerical presenta-

replica was examined and its electronmicrographs was taken using the Japan
Electron Optics L~boratory JEM-SS
electronmicroscope. Prints made directlyfrom the original negative reproduce
the appearance of the nannofossils as
seen on the fluorescent screen of the
microscope with clear sh~dows whichappear white on the print. Serial numbers were given to electronmicrographed
negative film. In the following descriptions, type specimens used for observations are those electronmicrographed
negative films for electronmicrographs,
and preparates for opticalmicrographs.
Besides these, concentrated and refinedsamples and preparats for optical microscopy are preserved.
Discoaster assembrage and discussion

It has been pointed out by many investigators, namely, HAy and MOHLER(1967), COHEN (1965) and others, thatsome prosperous reappearance of nan-:'" "': : " """'' 1'' ow:(• ::l2 :~~
AWAZU

JtK(

AWAZUI+

Drscomler asllr++

chalf~eri

+

+

+

+

+

+

DisC«1Sier cl, 0. cha/ltngeri+ +DSU>~nter

+

+

+
+

+
+

+
+

+
+

drflandrei

+ +
+ +

+

+

+

+

+

+

+

04coasler difafus

Dlscoaster off. D. dislinclus
OiKODs/er c:f, 0, dlsffncfus

+

+
+

+
+
+

+
+

+

~oasllrjaponic...s

+ +
+

+
+

+

+

+

Oi5aXISier ilulj!tri

+

+
+
+

+

+
+

+

+
+
+

+
+
+
+

+
+

+

+

+

+
+
+

+
+

+

+

+
+
+

+

+

+

+

+

+

+

+
+

+

Discocster loda•nsis+

nalalnsls+

Diucaslw perpltlUS

+

+

+
+· +

+

+

+

+

Ciseoaster saipanensis

ll$coasler+++

Olscoosler gladiatus

+
+
+

+

+

+ +

+

+

+

+

+

+
+

+

+

+

+

+

+
+

+

+

+

+
+

+

+

+

lnfurcatus

Other cotcor0111 nannoloui!s

+
+
+

+

+

Oiu:oaster cr.·o. divarlcatus
Oiscoostw gemmlfer++

Di${;oasler alt. 0. c;hallrnr;eri

Di#(Jaster

R 0 KU G 0 SA K t~---~,o~~.~,.~r~,~.~~~~~.~,.~,7.~,.-F.~~I>o~,~,~,,~,~,--"--,-.}-,~l-,-,--,--,-,-,-,--,-.-,-.--,-7-,-,~,

DisaxJSitr""'I

CHO IHOJUJI'-URA- HANA NANAO KOSHI[

Text-fig. 2.

+

+

+

+

+

+

+

+

+

+

+

+

+

+

+

Distribution of the Miocene Discoasters in the Noto Pentnisula.

+

+

557.

Miocene Discoasters from Natotion. Throughout all samples, predo·
minant species are Discoaster brouweri,

According to MARTINI and BRAMLETTE,(1963), Discoaster kugleri, D. exilis andD. aff. D. dejlandrei are particularly
significant species in the Middle Miocene(Helvetian?) cut by the experimental
Mohole Drilling. D. exilis did not occur
but D. lwgleri and D. dejlandrei arecommon throughout the Onnagawa andthe Funakawa stage in Noto region.
The Onnagawa stage is regarded as theMiddle Miocene and the Funakawa as
the Middle to Upper Miocene in Japan.

D. challengeri, D. dejlandrei, D. gem·
mifer, D. saipanensis, D. tani and almost
all species have six rays. Very rarely
five or four rayed D. brouweri and five
rayed D. dejlandrei were observed. Oc·
currences of D. aster, D. barbadiensis, D.
dilatus, D. lodoensis and D. trifurcatus
are restricted in a certain member offormations in this region, e. g., D. asterin the Hojuji diatomaceous mudstone,
D. barbadiensis and D. lodoensis in the
Najimi mudstone, and D. dilatus and D.
trifurcatus tn the !ida diatomaceous
mudstone. Discoasters are meager in
the Wajima alternation. In the Sekinohana and the Nanao calcareous sandstone,
coccoliths appear commonly but no discoasters are recognized.

~
5

Oiscoaster

aster

Discoaster barbadiensis
Discoosler

brouweri

Discoasler challengeri
Oiscoosler deft andrei
Oiscoaster

PALEOCENE
E

M

L

EOCENE
E

M

L

141

D. hamatus, D. brouweri, D. pentaradiatus and D. bolli are reported from
the Middle Miocene (Tortonian ?) of theabove drilling. Among them, D. brouweri
only occurred from Noto peninsula.
MARTINI and BRAMLETTE (Joe. cit.) also
say that D. brouweri and D. pentaradiatus
have their lower limits near the base of

OLIGOCENE

MIOCENE

PLIOCENE

E

E

E

M

L

M

L

M

L

PLEISTOCENE
E

M

L

xx---x-x
x-x- ----- ----x-x

dis/inc/us

Discoas/er

dilafus

Ciscoasferdivaricalus

Discoasfer

gemmifer

Discoastergladiolus

Discoosfer japonicus

Discoaster kugleri
Oiscoaster/odoensis

Discoas/er

notoensis

Discoaster

perplex us

Discoastersaipanensis

Discoaster toni
Discoas/er frifurcatus-x-x-x-xx-x
x-x
x-x-- ----xX

x-x- ----x-x
x-x-x

-----

X

Text-fig. 3. Stratigraphic range chart of Diocoaster.;. Solid line: Reported range
by many investigators of the world. Cross symbol: Present occurrence.

142

Shiro NISHIDA

this unit in the above mentioned drillcore. But D. brouweri occurs throughout
the Onnagawa and the Funakawa stagein Noto.
On the other hand, WRA Y and ELLIS(1965) have reported that the time ofextinction of Discoasters, such as Discoaster exilis, D. hamatus, D. pentaradiatus, D. surculus, D. variabilis, D.
brouweri, D. bolli, D. kegleri and D.
challengeri, are approximately the PlioPleistocene boundary in the Gulf Coast
Area on the basis of their examinationof about 600 samples of drill cuttings.
Text-figure 3 shows the tentative stratigraphic range chart of Discoasters.
Thick lines represent the stratigraphic
ranges of discosters reported by many
investigators in the world. Cross symbols show the occurrence from thispeninsula. Discoaster gemmifer, D. saipanensis and D. tani were still living
in Noto in the Middle Miocene time.
Extinction of these species seem to be
somewhat delayed in our region as compared with Europe and America.
KAMPTNER (1967) reported the occurrence of D. aster, D. brouweri, D. challengeri and D. perplexus from the Challenger deep-sea sample collected at theStation 338 (lat. 21.15'N, long. 14.02'W,
depth 1990 fathoms). Earlier, BLACK
and BARNES (1961) described D. perplexus from the same sample. McINTYRE et al. (1967) found D. brouweri
and D. challengeri from Atlantic deepsea core V16~23 (lat. 13.15'N, long. 40•
40'W, depth 4885 m) taken by the Vema,
research vessel of the Lamont GeologicalObservatory. CoHEN (1964) also reported
the occurrence of D. perplexus from
Caribbean core samples A-240-M1 (lat.
15.26'N, long. 68.30'W, depth 4180 m)
and A-254-BR-C (lat. 15.17'N, long. 72•
53.5'W, depth 2968 m), taken by the
Woods Hole Laboratory research vessel

Atlantis in 1959 and 1960 respectivly.
From the Pacific Ocean, present author(unpublished) found the occurrence ofD. brouweri from the deep-sea sampleof St. 21 (lat. o·39.6'S, long. 160.36.7'E,
depth 2940 m) taken by the Oceanographical Raboratory of University ofTokyo research vessel Hakuho-Maru in
1968. From these deep-sea occurrences,
present author supposes that D. brouweri, D. challengeri and D. perplexus
have possibly extended their stratigraphic range to the Pleistocene.

Systematic description
Genus Discoaster TAN SIN HoK, 1927.
Discoaster aster BRAMLETTE &RIEDEL, 1954.
Pl. 15, fig. 1
Discoaster stella (KHRENBERG), CoLoM &GAMUNDI, 1951, pl. 25, fig. 6.
Discoaster aster BRAMLETTE & RIEDEL,
1954, p. 400, pi. 39, fig. 4; BRAMLETTE,
1957, p. 249, pl. 61, fig. 4; STRADNER,
1959a, p. 8, fig. 29; LEVIN, 1962, p. 270,
pl. 43, fig. 3; LEviN & JoERGER, 1967,
p. 171, pl. 3, figs. 14-15; KAMPTNER,
1967, pl. 24, fig. 127.

Remarks.-This asterolith has six
bluntly pointed rays varying in widthand degree of separation. Outline aresomewhat irregular. Total diameter 13
microns.
Hypotype.-NC-1P-1. HojUji diatomaceous mudstone.
Present occurrence.-Middle Miocene(Onnagawa) of Noto, Japan.
Reported stratigraphic range.-Upper
Eocene to Upper Miocene.
Discoaster barbadiensis TAN SIN
HoK, 1927.

557.

Miocene Discoasters from Noto

Pl. 15, fig. 2.
Discoaster Barbadiensis TAN SIN HoK, 1927,
text-fig. II-4.
"COCCOJithe" DEFLANDRE, 1934, fig. 12.
· Heliodiscoaster barbadiensis TAN SIN HoK,
DEFLANDRE, 1934, figs. 22 & 23.
Hemidiscoaster barbadiensis TAN· SIN HoK,
CoLoM & GAMUNDI, 1951, pl. 25.
Discoaster barbadiensis TAN SIN HoK, sens
emend., BRAMLETTE & RIEDEL, 1954, pp.
398-399, pl. 39, fig. 5a-b; GARDET, 1955,
p. 526, pl. 7, fig. 68a-b; BRAMLETTE,
1957, p. 249, pl. 61, fig. 10; MARTINI,
1958, p. 366, pl. 5, fig. 24a-c; MANIVIT,
1959, p. 369, pl. 10, figs. 1-5 ; STRADNER,
1959a, pp. 2-3, fig. 2; STRADNER & PAPP,
1961, pp. 95-96, pl. 28, figs. 1-2; BRAMLETTE & SuLLIVAN, 1961, p. 158, pl. 11,
fig. 2; BoucHE, 1962, p. 89, pl. 3, figs.
1-4; HAY & TowE, 1962, p. 515, pl. 10,
figs. 3 & 5; SULLIVAN, 1964, p. 189, pl. 10,
figs. 1-2; HoNJO et al., 1967, text-figs.
3-4; TAKAYAMA, 1967, pl. 8, fig. 3;
LEVIN & JoERGER, 1967, p. 172, pl. 3,
figs. 17a-b ; HAY et al., 1967, pl. 1, figs.
9-11.

Remarks.-Asterolith, consisting of tenrays, bearing a prominent stem on its
surface. Rays joined throughout theirlength with rounded tips forming serrate
margin to the disc. Stem is short, conicaland rounded distally. Total diameter 13
microns.
Hypotype.-NC-BP-2. Najimi mudstone.
Present occurrence.-Upper middle
Miocene (late Funakawan) of Noto, Japan.
Reported stratigraphic range.-Middle
Paleocene to Upper Miocene.
Discoaster brouweri TAN SIN HoK, 1927.
Pl. 15, fig. 3 ; Pl. 16, figs. 5, 6.
Discoaster Brouweri TAN SIN HoK, 1927,
text-fig. II-8a, b.
? Discoaster aff. D. brouweri TAN SIN HoK,
DEFLANDRE, 1934, p. 66, text-figs. 15-19.
Discoaster cf. brouweri TAN SIN HoK, DEFLANDRE, 1952a, text-figs. 69-70.

143

Discoaster brouweri TAN SIN HoK, DEFLANDRE, 1952b, fig. 34n-o.
Discoaster brouweri TAN SIN HoK, sens
emend., BRAMLETTE & RIEDEL, 1954, p.
402, pl. 39, fig. 12; BRAMLETTE, 1957, p.
248, pl. 61, fig. 1; STRADNER & PA.PP,
1961, pp. 85-87, pl. 20, figs. 1-6; MARTINI& BRAMLETTE, 1963, p. 851, pl. 102, figs.
9-10; TAKAYAMA, 1967, p. 194, pl. 4,
figs. 1-4 & pl. 6, figs. 1-5 ; HAY et al.,
1967, pl. 5, figs. 1-4; MciNTYRE et al.,
1967, pl. 3, fig. C; KAMPTNER, 1967, p.
164, pl. 24, fig. 133.

Remarks.-This asterolith has usually
six rays which are thin, elongated,bluntly pointed and not bifurcated.
Total diameter 12 microns.
Hypotype.--NC-13P-l. Akagami shale.
Present occurrence.-Middle (Onnagawan) and Upper Miocene (Funakawan)of Noto, Japan.
Reported stratigraphic range.-Upper
Oligocene to Upper Pliocene.
Discoaster challengeri BRAMLETTE,& RIEDEL, 1954.
Pl. 15, fig. 5.
Discoaster Mohlengraaffi TAN SIN HoK, var.
r. text-fig. II-11.
Hemidiscoaster Mohlengraoffi Varietebras
plus rnaigres, DEFLANDRE, 1934, text-fig.
11.
Hemidiscoaster mohlengraaffi TAN SIN HoK,
DEFLANDRE, 1952a, text-fig. 66; DEFLAN·
DRE, 1952b, text-fig. 362u.
Dis coaster challengeri BRAMLETTE & RIEDEL,
1954, p. 401, pl. 39, fig. 10; BRAMLETTE,
1957, p. 248, pl. 61, fig. 2; MARTINI &BRAMLETTE, 1963, p. 851, pl. 103, figs.
11-12; HAY et al., 1967, pl. 4, figs. 9-10;
MciNTYRE et at., 1967, pl. 3, fig. d;
KAMPTNER, 1967, p. 164, pl. 24, fig. 130.

aRemarks.-Asterolith with six rays
which are subcylindrical, distally bifurcated into short, round termination.
Widening of rays in central area is notShiro NISHIDA

144

pronounced. In the central area, there
is a small, circular knob. Total diameter
12 microns.
Hypotype.-NC-9P-1.
Iida diatomaceous mudstone.
Present occurrence.-Middle (Onnagawan) to Upper middle Miocene (Funakawan) of Noto, japan.
Reported stratigraphic range.- Upper
Oligocene to Lower Pliocene.
Discoaster aff. D. challengeri
BRAMLETTE & RIEDEL, 1954.
Pl. 15, fig. 4.

Discoaster challengeri BRAMLETTE & RIEDEL,
1954, p. 401, pl. 39, fig. 10.

Remarks.-Asterolith, with six rays
which are subcylindrical, distally bifurcated into long, round termination. Rays
typically thin and long. Angle of bifurcation is less than that of D. challengeri.
Total diameter 20 microns.
Hypotype.-NC-9P-l.
Iida diatomaceous mudstone.
Present occurrence.-Middle Miocene(early Funakewan) of Noto, japan.
Discoaster cf. D. challengeri
BRAMLETTE & RIEDEL, 1954.
Pl. 16, fig. 8.

Discoaster challengeri BRAMLETTE & RIEDEL,
1954, p. 401, pl. 39, fig. 10.

Remarks.-This specimen differs fromD. challengeri in its rather thick rays.
Total diameter 10 microns.
Hypotype.-NC-1P-l.
Hojuji diatomaceous mudstone.
. Pr'esent occurrence.-Middle (Onnagawan) ·to Upper middle Miocene (Funakawan) of Noto, japan.
Discoaster deflandrei BRAMLETTE& LIEDEL, 1954

Pl. 15, fig. 6; Pl. 17, figs. 2, 3.

Discoaster deflandrei BRAMLETTE & RIEDEL,
1954, pp. 399-400, pl. 39, fig. 6, text-fig.
la-c; BRAMLETTE, 1957, p. 249, pl. 61,
fig. 6; MARTINI, 1958, pp. 363-364, pl.
5, fig. 23a-c; MANIVIT, 1959, p. 367, pl.
9, fig. 4; STRADNER, 1959a, p. 7, fig.
25; MARTINI, 1961, p. 13, pl. 3, fig. 27;
STRADNER & PAPP, 1961, pp. 71-72, pl.
10, figs. 1-6; SULLIVAN, 1964, p. 189, pl.
11, figs. 8-9; LEVIN & ]OERGER, 1967, p.
172, pi. 4, figs. 1-2; TAKAYAMA, 1967, pl.
8, fig. 2; HAY et al., 1967, pl. 2, figs. 6--9.

Remarks.-Asterolith, consisting of acentral disc with six broard, bifurcatedrays which are generally as long as, ora little longer than, the radius of thecentral disc. Outline of the wid~ned,bifurcated parts of the rays is roundedor somewhat angular. Terminal notches
are angular, rather than rounded. Spaces
between the rays are subcircular, approximately as broad as the narrowest
part of the rays and half as broad as
the widest part of them. Total diameter
15 microns.
Hypotype.-NC-13P-l. Akagami shale.
NC-13R-26 & NC-1R-44.
Present occurrence.-Middle (Onnagawan) to Upper middle Miocene (Funakawan) of Noto, japan.
Reported stratigraphic range.-Middle
Eocene to Middle Miocene.
Discoaster dilatus HAY, 1967.
Pl. 16, fig. 7.

Discoaster dilatus HAY, 1967, pp. 450-451, pl.
4, figs. 3-4.

Remarlls.-Asterolith, with six rays,
widened towards ends that are linear orslightly concave. Inter-ray notches are
deep. Total diameter 7 microns.
Hypotype.-NC-30P-1. Iida diatomaceous mudstone.
Present occurrence.-Middle Miocene

557.

Miocene Discoasters from Noto(early Funakawan) of Noto, Japan.
Reported stratigraphic range.-Lower
Miocene.
Discoaster aff. D. distinclus
MARTINI, 1958.
Pl. 15, fig. 9.
Discoaster dislinctus MARTI~!, 1958, p. 363,
pl. 4, figs. 17a-b.

Remarks.-Paired nodes toward thetips of the rays are conspicuous. But,
present specimen differs from the holo·
type in the width of the rays. The rays
expand gradually towards periphery andbroaden at the end. Total diameter 20
microns.
Hypotype.-NC-13P-l. Akagami shale.
Present occurrence.-Middle (Onnagawan) to upper middle Miocene (Funakawan) of Noto, Japan.
Reported stratigraphic range of D.
distinctus.-Middle Paleocene to Upper
Oligocene.
Discoaster cf. D. distinctus
MARTINI, 1958.
Pl. 15, fig. 8.
Discoaster distinctus
pl. 4, fig. 17a-b.

MARTINI,

1958, p. 363,

Remarks.-The paired nodes that tent
towards the tips of the rays are conspicuous. A conical and circular knob,
in central part. Present specimen has
rather wide and thick rays, and wider
central area compaired with the holotype.
Total diameter 20 microns.
Hypotype.-NC-13P-l. Akagami shale.
Present occurrence.-Middle (Onnagawan) to the Upper middle Miocene (early
Funakawan) of Noto, Japan.
Discoaster cf. D. divaricatus HAY, 1967.

145

Pl. 15, fig. 7.
Discoaster divaricatus HAY, 1967, p. 451, pl.
3, figs. 7-9.

Remarks.-Six rayed asterolith withbroad, bifurcating tips having a distinct
notch.
Inter-ray spaces subangular.
Present specimen differs from the holotype in the wide central disc. Total
diameter 13 microns.
Hypotype.-NC-1P-l. Hojuji diatomaceous mudstone.
Present occurrence.-Middle Miocene(Onnagawan) of Noto, Japan.
Reported stratigraphic range of D. divaricatus.- Lower to Middle Miocene.
Discoaster gemmifer STRADNER& PAPP, 1961.
Pl. 15, fig. 10.
Discoaster gemmifer STRADNER & PAPP, 1961,
pp. 69-71, pl. 8, fig. 5 & pl. 9, figs. 1-2;
STRADNER, 1961, text-fig. 83; BoucHE,
1962, p. 90, pl. 3, figs. 17 & 21, text-figs.
28-29; LEVIN, 1965, p. 270, pl. 43, fig. 4.

Remarks.-Asterolith has six rays
which bifurcate into two tips, andbluntly terminated.
Central area iswide. Total diameter 17 microns.
Hypotype.-NC-13P-l. Akagami shale.
Present occurrence.-Middle lower (Nishikurokawan) to Upper middle Miocene(Funakawan) of Noto, Japan.
Reported stratigraphic range.-Throughout the Eocene.
Discoaster gladiatus NISHIDA, sp. nov.
Pl. 17, fig. 4.
Discoasler cf. Brouweri (LICATA),
DRE, 1934, text-fig. 26.

DEFLAN-

Diagnosis.-Broad central area. Ray
is wide in basal part and narrow at the
tip suddenly. Distinct central ridge inrays.

Shiro NISHIDA.

146

Description.-Asterolith, with six rays
having short, pointed termination. Central area is wide and on the center ofthe surface, there is a knob. Ray is
wide at the proximal part and become
narrower outward, and its shape israther triangular with pointed corners.
Central ridge of the ray is distinct, but
it does not extend into the central area.
Total diameter 8 microns.
Remarks.-Short, pointed, triangularrays and broad central area are conspicuous features in this species.
Holotype.-NC-13R-30. Akagami shale.
Present occurrence.-Middle (Onnagawan) to Upper middle (early Funakawan)
Miocene of Noto, Japan.
Other occurrence from japan.-Mr. Hisatake OKADA of Hokkaido University
reported of this species from the Miocene of Boso peninsula, Japan, as Discoaster sp. at the 75th autumnal meeting of the Geological Society of Japan.

wan) to Upper middle (early Funakawan)
Miocene of Noto, Japan.

Discoaster japonicus NISHIDA, sp. nov.

Pl. 15, fig. 12.

Pl. 17, fig. 5.

Discoaster lodoensis BRAMLETTE & RIEDEL,
1954, p. 398, pl. 39, fig. 3 ; MARTINI, 1958,
pp. 366-367, pl. 6, fig. 28; STRADNER, 1959a,p. 3, fig. 5; MANIVIT, 1959, p. 361, pl. 6,
figs. 4-5; STRADNER, 1961, p. 86, textfigs. 84-85; STRADNER & PAPP, 1961, pp.
92-93, pl. 25, figs. 3 & 5 ; BRAMLETTE &SuLLIVAN, 1961, p. 161, pl. 12, figs. 4-5 ;HAY & TowE, 1962, p. 514, pl. 10, figs.
2, 4 & 6; BRoNN IMANN & RIGAssi, 1963,
pl. 11, fig. 2; SuLLIVAN, 1964, p. 191, pl.
11, fig. 14; SuLLIVAN, 1965, p. 42, pl. 10,
fig. 14; TAKAYAMA, 1967, pl. 8, fig. 4.

Diagnosis.-Broad central area. Shortrays with rounded termination.
Description.-Asterolith, consisting ofa broad central disc with six short,broad, roundly terminated rays whicn
are about one third of the radius of the· central disc in length. Spaces between
rays are wide, shallow and circular.
Large stellate knob in the central disc.
Total diameter 8 microns.
Remarks.-Broad central disc andshort, broad, roundly terminated rays
are remarkable. Differs from Discoastergladiatus in the width and length of therays, and the shape of the central knob.
Holotype.-,-NC-4R-lll. Hojuji diatomaceous mudstone.
Present occurrence.-Middle (Onnaga-

Discoaster kugleri ·MARTINI& BRAMLETTE, 1963.
Pl. 15, fig. 11 ; Pl. 16, figs. 1, 2.

Discoaster kugleri MARTINI & BRAMLETTE,
1963, p. 853, pl. 102, figs. 11-13.

Remarks.-This asterolith has six
thick rays and large, fiat central area.
A small knob in the central area. Total diameter 16 microns.
Hypotype.-NC-13P-l. Akagami shale.
Present occurrence.-Middle (Onnagawan) to Upper middle (early Funakawan)
Miocene of Noto, Japan.
Reported stratigraphic range.-Middle
Miocene (Helvetian).
Discoaster lodoensis BRAMLETTE& RIEDEL, 1954.

Remarks.-Stellate asterolith, consisting of six rays joined together at theirproximal half or one third portion.
Furcating distal portion of the rays istapering gradually to a sharp point, andcurves. A rays are similar in the planeof the asterolith. In the central portion,

557.

Miocene Discoasters from Notoa knob projects from one surface. Total
diameter 12 microns.
Hypotype.-NC-8P-2. Najimi mudstone.
Present occurrence.-Upper middle Miocene (late Funakawan) of Noto, Japan.
Reported stratigraphic range.-Middle
Paleocene to Upper Miocene.
Discoaster notoensis NISHIDA, sp. nov.
Pl. 17, fig. 6.

Diagnosis.-Brunt-shaped ray withblunt, arcuated termination.
Description.-Asterolith, with six
brunt-shaped rays with bluntly arcuatedtermination. Rays are joined together
at the proximal three fourth portion of
their length and the proximity is inconspicuous. Total diameter 7.8 microns.
Remarks.-Rays show narrow sectorshaped with somewhat angular distal
margin.
Holotype.-NC-13R-36. Akagami shale.
Present occurrence.-Middle Miocene(Onnagawan) of Noto, Japan.
Discoaster perplexus BRAMLETTE& RIEDEL, 1954.
Pl. 16, fig. 9.

Discoaster perplexus BRAMLETTE & RIEDEL,
1954, pp. 400-401, pl. 39, fig. 9; BLACK& BERNES, 1961, p. 144, pi. 24, fig. 1;
STRADNER & PAPP, 1961, p. 100, pi. 30,
figs. 1-7; CoHEN, 1964, p. 246, pl. 5, figs.
4a-c & pl. 6, figs. 4a-b ; TAKAYAMA, 1967,
p. 195, pl. 4, fig. 9; HAY et al., 1967, pl.
5, figs. 10-12; KAMPTNER, 1967, p. 165,
pl. 23, figs. 118-119 & pl. 24, fig. 125.

Remarks.-This asterolith is small,thin, discoidal, with circular outline
characterized by the straight distal
margins of the rays. Twelve, very
elongated triangular rays, joined together with their whole length. Total

147

diameter 6 microns.
Hypotype.-NC-1P-l. Hojuji diatomaceous mudstone.
Present occurrence.-Middle (Onnagawan) Miocene to Upper· middle (early
Funakawan) Miocene of Noto, Japan.
Reported stratigraphic range.-Upper
Oligocene to Upper Miocene, and Recent
deep-sea deposit.
Discoaster saipanensis BRAMLETTE& RIEDEL, 1954.
Pl. 16, fig. 10.

Discoaster saipanensis BRAMLETTE & RIEEEL,
1954, p. 398, pi. 39, fig. 4; BRAMLETTE,
1957, p. 249, pl. 61, fig. 7; MARTINI, 1958,
p. 367, pl. 6, figs. 29a-b; STRADNER, 1959a,p. 3, fig. 3; MANIVIT, 1959, pp. 359-361,
pl. 6, figs. 1-3; STRADNER & PAPP, 1961,
pp. 90-91, pi. 22, figs. 5-7; LEVIN, 1965,
p. 270, pl. 43, figs. 2a-b; HAY et al., 1966,
pl. 11, figs. 8-9 & pl. 13, fig. 1; HAY etal., 1967, pl. 1, figs. 4-6; LEVIN & JoERGER, 1967, p. 172, pi. 3, fig. 16.

Remarks.-Stellate asterolith, with six
straight rays, joined together at the
portion approximately half of theirlength to the proximity and taper tosharp points. A stem project ~rom
central disc. Total diameter 9 microns.
Hypotype.-NC-22P-1. Najimi mudstone.
Present occurrence.-Middle (Onnagawan) to Upper middle (Funakawan) Miocene of Noto, Japan.
Reported stratigraphic range.-Middle
Eocene to Upper Oligocene.
Discoaster tani BRAMLETTE& RIEDEL, 1954.
Pl. 16, figs. 3, 11, 12.

Discoaster tani BRAMLETTE & RIEDEL, 1954,
p. 397, pl. 39, fig. 1; DEFLANDRE & FERT,148

Shiro NISHIDA

1954, pl. 11, figs. 13-17; BRAMLETTE,
1957, p. 250, pl. 61, fig. 8; MARTINI, 1958,
pp. 359-360, pl. 3, fig. 13a-b; STRADNER,
1959a, p. 5, fig. 16; STRADNER, 1959b, p.
479, text-figs. 43-44; STRADNER & PAPP,
1961, pp. 82-83, pl. 16, figs. 3-4; LEVIN,
1965, p. 171, pl. 43, fig. 6; HAY et al.,
1966, p. 396, pl. 11, fig. 6; HAY et al.,
1967, pl. 1, fig. 1; LEVIN & JoERGER,
1967, p. 172, pl. 4, fig. 3a-b.

Remarks.-Asterolith, with six or fiverays. Rays rather heavy and of almost
uniform width, abruptly truncated. Total diameter 8 microns.
Hypotype.-NC-4R-96. Hojuji diatomaceous mudstone.
Present occurrence.-Middle lower (Nishikurokawan) to Upper middle Miocene(Funakawan) of Noto, Japan.

Reported stratigraphic range.- Middle
Eocene to Upper Oligocene.
Discoaster trifucatus NISHIDA, sp. nov.
Pl. 16, fig. 4.

Diagnosis.- Trifurcated termination of
the rays.
Description.-Asterolith, with six rather thin rays which are subcylindrical,
distally trifurcated into short, rounded
terminations. As the present figure is
the electronmicroscopical shadowgraph,surface details are not observable. Total diameter 10 microns.
Holotype.-NC-9S. lida diatomaceous
mudstone .
. Present occurrence.-Middle (early Funakawan) Miocene of Noto, Japan.

Explanation of Plate 15
Light micrographs, 2000 x.
Fig. 1. Discoaster as.ter BRAMLETTE & RIEDEL.
Hypotype NC-1P-1. Hojuji diatorr:aceous mudstone. Mishima, Uwado-cho, Suzu City.
Fig. 2. Di$coaster barbadiensis TAN SIN Hoi<.
Hypotype NC-8P-2. Najimi mudstone. Awazu, Suzu City.
Fig. 3. Dis coaster brouweri TAN SrN Hm<.
Hypotype NC-13P-1. Akagami shale. Awazu, Suzu City.
Fig. 4. Discoaster aff. D. challengeri BRAMLETTE & RIEDEL.
Hypotype NC-9P-1. Iida diatomaceous mudstone. Morikoshi, Suzu City.
Fig. 5. Discoaster challengeri BRAMLETTE & RIEDEL.
Hypotype NC-9P-1. Iida diatomaceous mudstone. Morikoshi, Suzu City.
Fig. 6. Discoaster dejlandrei BRAMLETTE & RIEDEL ..
Hypotype NC-13P-l. Akagami shale. Awazu, Suzu City.
Fig. 7. Discoaster divaricatus HAY.
Hypotype NC-1P-l. Hojuji diatomaceous mudstone. Morikoshi, Suzu City.
Fig. 8. Discoaster cf. D. distinctus MARTINI.
Hypotype NC-13P-l. Akagami shale. Awazu, Suzu City.
Fig. 9. Discoaster aff. D. distinctus MARTINI.
Hypotype NC-13P-l. Akagami shale. Awazu, Suzu City.
Fig. 10. Discoaster gemmifer STRADNER & PAPP.
Hypotype NC-13P-l. Akagami shale. Awazu, Suzu City.
Fig. 11. Discoaster kugleri MARTINI & BRAi\ILETTE.
Hypotype NC-13P-1. Akagami shale. Awazu, Suzu City.
Fig. 12. Discoaster lodoensis BRAMLETTE & RIEDEL.
Hypotype NC-8P-2. · Najimi mudstone. Awazu, Suzu City.

NISHIDA:

Miocene Discoasters from Noto

Plate 15

3

•
4

5

6

11

12

0
10
20 !'
1--------~'--------1

55 7 •

149

Miocene Discoasters from Noto

References
AsANO, K. (1953) : Miocene foraminiferafrom Noto Peninsula, Ishikawa Prefecture. Short Pap. Inst. Geol. Pal., Tohoku
Univ., no. 5, pp. 1-21, pls. 1-3.
BERSIER, A. (1939) : Discoasteridees et Coccolithophoridees des marnes oligocenes
vaudoises. Bull. Soc. vaud. Sc. nat., vol.
60, pp. 229-248. (inaccessible).
BoucHE, P.M. (1962): Nannofossiles calcaires du Lutetien du Bassin de Paris. Rev.
Micropal., vol. 5, pp. 75-103, pls. 1-4.
BRAMLETTE, M.N. & RIEDEL, W.R. (1954) :Stratigraphic value of discoasters andsome other microfossils related to recent
coccolithophorides. jour. Paleont., vol.
28, pp. 384-403, pis. 38-39.
- - (1957) : Discoaster and some related
microfossils.
Prof. Pap., U. S. Geol.
Surv., 280-F, pp. 247-253. 1 pl.
- - & SuLLIVAN, F.R. (1961): Coccolithophorids and related nannoplankton of theearly Tertiary in California. Micropal.,vol. 7, pp. 129-188, pis. 1-14.
Coi-IEN, C.L.D. (1964) : Ccoccolithophorids
from two Caribbean deep-sea cores. Ibid.,
vol. 10, pp. 231-250, pis. 1-6.
- - (1965) : Coccoliths and discoasters, some
aspect of their geologic use. Ceo!. en
Mijn., vol. 55, pp. 337-344.
CoLoM, G. & GAMUNDI, J. (1951) : Sobre Ia
extension e importacia de las" moronitas"a lo largo de las formaciones AquitanoBurdigalienses del estrecho Nort-betico.
Estudios Geologicos, no. 14, pp. 331-385,
pis. 25-36.
DEFLANDRE, G. (1934) : Les discoasterides,
microfossiles calcaires incertae sedis.
Soc. Fr. Micr., Bull., vol. 3, pp. 59-66.
--. (1952a) : Classe de Coccolithophorides.
in: GRASSE, P.P., (Ed.), Traite de Zoologie, vol. 1, pt. 1, pp. 439-470.
- - (1952b) : Sous-embranchement des fiagelles. In: PrvETEAU, J. (Ed.), Traite
de Paleontologie, val. 1, pp. 99-130.
- - & FERT, C. (1954) : Observations surles coccolithophorides actuels et fossiles
en microscopie ordinaire et electronique.

Ann. Pal., vol. 40, pp. 117-176, pls. 1-15.
Fiebermicropaleontologique general. Ser. 17 &18. Nannofossiles calcaires I & II. C.N.
R.S., Paris.
EHRENBERG, e.G. (1854) : Mikrogeologie.
pp. 374, 40 pis. Leipzig, (inaccessible).
GARDET, M. (1955): Contribution!'etudedes coccolithes des terrains neogenes de!'Algeria. Algeria Serv. Carte Geol., n.
ser., Bull. 5, pp. 477-550, pis. 1-11.
HAY, W.W. & TowE, K.M. (1962): Electron
microscopic examination of some coccoliths from Donzacq (France). Eclogae
Ceo!. Helv., vol. 55, pp. 497-518, pis. 1-10.
- - , MoHLER, H.P., RoTH, P.H., ScHMIDT,
R.R. & BouDEAUX, J.E. (1967) : Calcareous nannoplankton zonation of the Cenozoic of the Gulf Coast and Transoceanic
Correlation. Trans. Gulf Coast Assoc.
Ceo!. Soc., vol. 17, pp. 428-459, 13 pis.
- - & MoHLER, H.P. (1967) : Calcareous
nannoplankton from early Tertiary at
Pont Labau, France, and Paleocene-early
Eocene correlations. jour. Paleont., vol.
41, pp. 1501-1541, pis. 196-206.
HoNJO, S., MINOURA, N., OKADA, H. & MrNATO, M. (1967) : Present status of
Nannofossil study by electron microscopein Japan. Proc. japan Acad., vol. 43,
pp. 138-142.
- - & MINOURA, N. (1968) : Discoaster barbadiensis TAN SiN HoK and the geologic
age of the Setogawa Group. Ibid., vol.
44, pp. 165-169.
HosoNo, M., AKAMINE, H., IKEBE, N., KuBo,
Y. & SuzuKI, K. (1949) : Historical geology of Noto (abstract). jour. Geol.
Soc. japan, vol. 55, p. 190. (in Japanese).
IcHIKAwA,(1950) : The correlation of
the Diatom-bearing Mudstone in the Noto
Peninsula and the Vicinity of Kanazawa
City. Ibid., vol. 56, pp. 49-56. (in Japanese).
- - (1956) : Preliminary report on Silicoflagellates from the Neogene Tertiary of
the Hokuriku District, Japan. Sci. Rep.
Kanazawa Univ., vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 31-37,
1 pl.
- - & KAsENO, Y. (1963): Diatomaceous- - & DEFLANDRE, M.R. (1967) :

a

w:

150

Shiro NISHIDA

deposits of Noto, Japan. Ishikawa Prefecture. 44 pp. (in Japanese).
- , FUJI, N. & BACHMANN, A. (1964) :Fossil diatoms, pollen grains and spores,
silicofiagellatae and Arachaeomonades in
the Miocene Hojuji Diatomaceous mudstone, Noto peninsula, Central Japan.
Sci. Rep. Kanazawa Univ., vol. 9, no. 1,
pt. 2, pp. 25-118, pis. 1-12 & 1-7.
- , SHIMIZU, I. & BACHMANN, A. (1967):
Fossil Silicoflagellates and their associated uncertain forms in Iida diatomite,
Noto peninsula, Central Japan. Ibid.,
vol. 12, no. 1, pp. 143-172, pis. 1-9.
IsHIDA, S. & MAsUDA, K. (1956) : Geologyof the Northeastern Region of Noto Peninsula, Japan. jour. Geol. Soc. japan.,

vol. 62, pp. 703-716. (in Japanese).
- - (1959) : The Cenozoic strata of Noto,
Japan. Mem. Colt. Sci., Univ. Kyoto,ser B, vol. 26, no. 2, pp. 83-101.
JuKEs-BRoWNE, A.J. & HARRI.SON, J.B.
(1892) : The geology of Barbados. Part
II. The oceanic d.eposit. Geol. Soc.
London Quart. jour., vol. 48, pp. 170-226.
KAMPTNER, E. (1967) : Kalkfiagellaten-Skelettreste aus Tiefseeschlamm des Siidatlantischen ·ozeans. Ann. Naturhist. Mus.
Wien, vol. 71, pp. 117-198, 24 pis.
KAsENo, Y. (Ed.). (1965): Geology of Noto
Peninsula. Ishikawa Prefecture: Sci. Rept.
Noto Peninsula, 84 pp., pis. 1-4. (in Japanese).
KuBO, Y. (1953) : Geology of the Yanagida

Explanation of Plate 16
Figs. 1-3. Electromicrographs of carbon replica.
Fig. 4. Electronmicroscopical shadowgraph of intact
Discoaster. Magnification of Figs. 1-4 are not 2000 x.
Figs. 5-12. Lightmicrographs. 2000 x.
Figs. 1-2. Discoaster kugleri MARTINI & BRAMLETTE.
Akagami shale. Awazu, Suzu City.
1: Hypotype NC-13R-60. Carbon replica. 5000: 1.
2: Hypotype NC-13R-28. Carbon replica. 6000: 1.
Fig. 3. Discoaster tani BRAMLETTE & RIEDEL.
Hypotype NC-4R-96. Hojuji diatomaceous mudstone. Hojuji, Uwado-ch5, Suzu City.
Carbon replica. 7000 : 1.
Fig. 4. Discoaster trifurcatus NisHIDA, sp. nov.
Holotype NC-98. Iida diatomaceous mudstone. Morikoshi, Suzu City. Intact. 6000: L
Figs. 5-6. Dis coaster brouweri TAN SIN HoK.
5: Hypotype NC-1P-1. Hojiiji diatomaceous mudstone. Uwado-ch5, Suzu City.
6: Hypotype NC-8P-l. Najimi mudstone. Awazu, Suzu City.
Fig. 7. Discoaster dilatus HAY.
Hypotype NC-30P-l. Iida diatomaceous mudstone. Iida-cho, Suzu City.
Fig. 8. Discoaster cf. D. challengeri BRAMLETTE & RIEDEL.
Hypotype NC-1P-l. Hojiiji diatomaceous mudstone. Mishima, Uwado-ch5, Suzu City.
Fig. 9. Discoaster perplexus BRAMLETTE & RIEDEL.
Hypotype NC-1P-l. Hojiiji diatomaceous mudstone. Morikoshi, Uwado-ch5, Suzu City.
Fig. 10. Discoaster saipanensis BRAMLETTE & RIEDEL.
Hypotype NC-22P-l. Najimi mudstone. Rokugosaki, Noroshi-ch5, Suzu City.
Figs. 11-12. Discoaster tani BRAMLETTE & RIEDEL.
11: Hypotype NC-1P-l. Hojiiji diatomaceous mudstone. Morikoshi, Uwado-ch5, SuzuCity.
12: NC-13P-l. Akagami shale. Awazu, Suzu City.

NISHIDA:

Miocene Discoasters from Noto

Plate 16

2

6

5

8

*
,•

11

9

10
01

1 20 ,u12

557.

Miocene Discoasters from Nato

district, Noto Peninsula. jour. Ceo/. Soc.
japan, vo!. 59, pp. 489-496. (in Japane:;e).
LEVIN, H.L. (1965) : Coccolithophoridae andrelated microfossils from the Yazoo Formation (Eocene) of Mississippi. jour.
Paleont ., vol. 39, pp. 265-272, pls. 41-43.
- - & JoERGER, A.P. (1967) : Calcarous
nannoplankton from the Tertiary of
Alabama. Micropal., vol. 13, pp. 163-182,
pb. 1-4.
MciNTYRE, A., BE, A.W.H. & PREIKTAS,
R. (1967) : Coccoliths and the PliocenePleistocene boundary. Progress in Oceanography., vol. 4, pp. 3-24.
MANIVIT, H. (1959) : Contribution a !'etudedes coccolithes de !'Eocene. Algeria Serv.
Carte Ceo/., n. ser., Bull. 25, pp. 331382, pls. 1-10.
MARTINI, E. (1958) : Discoasteriden undverwandte Formen in NW-deutschen Eozan (Coccolithophorids). Senck. let h.,vol. 39, pp. 353-388, pls. 1-6.
- - (1959) : Discoasteriden und verwandte
Formen in NW-deutschen Eozan (Coccolithophorida) II Teil. Ibid., vol. 40,
pp. 137-157, 6 pls.
- - & BRAMLETTE, M.N. (1963): Calcareous nannoplankton from the experimental
Mohole drilling. jour. Pal., vol. 37, pp.
845-856, pls. 102-105.
MINOURA, N. & HoNJO, S. (1967) : Nannofossils from the Setogawa Group (abstract). jour. Ceo/. Soc. japan, vol. 73,
p. 79. (in Japanese).
MAsUDA, K. (1954) : On the geology of
Machinomachi, Najimimura and Yanagida-mura, Fugeshi-gun, Ishikawa Prefecture. Ibid., vol. 60, pp. 145-152, 1 map.
(in Japanese).
& IsHIDA, S. (1956) : Geology of thenortheastern region of Noto Peninsula,
Japan (abstract). Ibid., vol. 62, p. 387.
(in Japanese).
NAGAHAMA, H. (1951) : Geology of the Machino and Yanagida district, Ishikawa
Prefecture. Bull. Ceo/. Surv. japan, vol.
2, pp. 511-516. (in Japanese).
NisiiiDA, S. & SI·IIMAKURA, M. (1968) : Coccoliths from the Iida diatomaceous mudstone, Noto. (abstract). jour. Ceo/. Soc.

151

japan, vol. 74, pp. 98-99. (in Japanese).
- - (1968) : Preliminary note on the calcareous sediments and Nannofossils in
Nara Univ.
Noto Peninsula, Japan.
Educ., Bull., vol. 16, no. 2 (Nat.), pp.
53-57, 1 pl. (in Japanese).
- - (1969) : Some-observations on the Microfossils by a new Technique. Ibid., vol.
17, no. 2 (Nat.), pp. 89-99, 3 pls. (inJapanese).
PYLE, T.E. (1968): Late Tertiary history
of Gulf of Mexico based on a core from
Sigsbee Knolls. Amer. Assoc. Petrol.
Ceo!. Bull., vol. 52, pp. 2242-2246.
STRADNER, H. (1959a) : First report on the
Discoasters of the Tertiary of Austria
and their stratigraphic use. 5th WorldPetrol. Cong., sect. 1, pap. 60, pp. 10811095.
- - (1959b) : Die fossilen Discoasteriden Osterreichs, II. Erdoel z., vol. 75, pp. 472488.
- - & PAPP, A. (1961): Tertiare Discoasteriden aus Osterreich und deren stratigraphische Bedeutung. Ceo/. Bundesanst
Wien ]b., Sdrbd. 7, pp. 5-159, pl. 1-42.
- - (1961): Vorkommen von Nannofossilenin Mesozoikum und Alttertiar. Erdoelz., vol. 77, pp. 77-88.
SuJKOWSKI, Z.L. (1930) : Etude petrographique du Cretace de Pologne. La serie deuclm et sa comparaison avec Ia craie
blanche. Bull. Serv. Ceo!. Pologne, vol.
6, pp. 485-628.
SuLLIVAN, F.R. (1964):
Lower Tertiary
nannoplankton from the California Coast
Range. I. Paleocene. California Univ.
Pub/. Ceo/. Sci., vol. 44, pp. 163-228, pls.
1-12.
- - (1965): Lower Tertiary nannoplankton
from the California Coast Range. II.
Eocene. Ibid., vol. 53., pp. 1-75, pis. 1-11.
SuzuKI, K. (1950) : Correction on the Historical Geology of Noto (abstract). jour.
Ceo/. Soc. japan, vol. 56, p. 305. (inJapanese).
TAKAYAMA, T. (1967): Nannoplankton from
Choshi region (abstract). Ibid., vol. 73,
p, 102. (in Japanese).
- - (1967) : First report on nannoplankton

152

Shiro NISHIDA

of the upper Tertiary and Quaternary of
the Southern Kwanto region, Japan. ]b.
Geol., B. A., vol. 110, pp. 169-198, 10 pls.
TAN SIN Hoi< (1927): Over de samenstellingen het constaan van krijt- en mergelgesteenten van de Molukken. Nederl.
Oost-Indie. ]b. Mijnw. (1927), pp. 1-165,
1.6 pis.

AkagamiAnamizu
AwaguraAwazu
Boso
Choshi
Daishima
Funakawa
Hid a
Higashiinnai
Hojuji
Hokuriku
I ida
Ishikawa
Iwakurayama}ike
Kadonosawa
Kamogaura

~J;

N

r.~

7J\

1\.

~

fr:N.

~

iilt
*1;

m~~
.b.

r=l

!1'21
~

::r-

!iii
Jll
~~~

:Jl.'!JOr"'{l;ft~i

~1::.

~;t
::1.!

fill(

Ill

1i )II*5frilJ~~

F1 m't.!;rifll- - (1927) : Discoasteridae incertae sedis.
Proc. Sect. Sc. K. Akad. Wet. Amsterdam,
vol. 30, pp. 411-419. (inaccessible).
WRAY, J.L. & ELLIS, C.H. (1965): Discoaster
extinction in neritic sediments, northern
Gulf of Mexico. Amer. Assoc. Petrol.
Geol. Bull., vol. 49, pp. 98-99.

Kawai-chO
Morikoshi
Najimi
Nanao
Nishikurosawa
NoroshiNo toOnnagawa
Otogawa
Rokugosaki
Sekinohana
Suzu
Togi
Tsurugiji
Uwado-cho
WajimaYanagida
YatsuoiiiJ:f!:Jl!J~ I!Jj'};]i[!;;Jt.
~
®~/R

t

~

fflj

!lt: ~
"""

-fx

=Ll

)II
)II

ff~~u~~W]JJ».

Eli: :J.i·l
'Ei
[8

*

lW :1-lk
J:pli!J
ifmi ~
t~ll lill\ ~---------------

Explanation of Plate 17
Electronmicrographs of carbon replica
Fig. 1. Discoaster brouweri TAN SIN HoK.
Hypotype NC-1R-15. Hojuji diatomaceous mudstone. Mishima, Uwado-cho, Suzu City.
8000: 1.
Figs. 2-3. Discoaster deflandrei BRAMLETTE & RIEDEL.
2: Hypotype NC-13R-26. Akagami shale. Awazu, Suzu City. 5000: 1.
· 3: Hypotype NC-1R-14. Hojuji diatomaceous mudstone. Mishima, Uwado-cho, Suzu
City. sooo: 1.
Fig. 4. Discoaster gladiatus NisHIDA, sp. nov.
Holotype NC-13R-30. Akagami shale. Awazu, Suzu City. 7000: 1.
Fig .. 5. Discoaster japonicus NisHIDA, sp. nov.
Holotype NC-4R-lll. Hojuji diatomaceous mudstone.. Hojuji, Uwado-cho, Suzu City.
7000: 1.
Fig. 6. Discoaster notoensis NISHIDA, sp. nov.
Holotype NC-13R-36. Akagami shale. Awazu, Suzu City. 7000: 1.

NISHIDA:

Miocene Discoasters from Noto

Plate 17

Trans. Proc. Palaeont. Soc. Japan, N.S., No . 75, pp. 153- 155, Sept. 30, 1969

A MEMORIAL TO PROFESSOR HISAKATSU YABE
DEC. 3, 1878- JUNE 23, 1969
ICHIRO HAY ASAKA

researches, foraminifers, coelenterates,molluscs, brachiopods, crustaceans, several vertebrates and some plants weredealt with. Among his geolog ical papers,
those on stratigraphy, historical geology, tectonic geology and geomorphology
stand out. The stuff dealt with in theseworks include materials from abroad,especially from the pacific countries.
His works published up to 1939 amountto 390, according to the bibliography
compiled by R. AOKI as part of the
Jubilee Publication of YABE'S 60th Anniversary. Even after he became Professor Emeritus, Y ABE continued his
research works for more than a dozen
years in Sendai, and the rest of years
in his Tokyo home. Moreover, he wassaid to have never missed the monthly
sessions of the Japan Academy of which
he was a member. During the long 30
years since the "Jubilee Publication"
the number of his papers must havebeen immensely enlarged, possibly reaching to about 500. Many of the papers
aimed, in reality, at training senior
students for their future activities inuniversities, research institutions, mining
and other engineering enter prises, museums and so on.
It may be important to notice here
the time when Y ABE made his appearance on the stage of science in ourcountry. As the geology in a wide sense
is a science imported from abroad, it isquite natural that in a less developed
country like Japan the science had to be

In the evening of June 23, 1969, ourhighly esteemed and beloved Professor
Hisakatsu YABE, ex-President and honorary President of our Society, passed
away very peacefully in his home under
the devoted care of Mrs. Y ABE and his
daughters. He was at the age of 90
years and 6 months. His long life wasspent almost exclusively for scientificresearches in geological sciences. His
field of study was extensive; besides
paleontology and geology, it covered
zoology, oceanography, anthropology, etc.
Within the bounds of his paleontological
153

154
concerned chiefly with economic problems. It was in 1898 that Y ABE entered
the Tokyo Imperial University to start
his training in geology. He was graduated in 1901, the 34th year of Meiji Era.
In those days, paleontology was not altogether neglected, but Prof. Matajiro
YoKOYAMA was the only one in theuniversity who devoted himself to thepaleontological works. Generally speaking, geology was applied to the investigations for national economic needs, andno geologists could be spared for otherpurposes.
Under such circumstances YABE's debut on the stage met with warm-hearted
acknowledgement from others, thoughperhaps not sanctioned by some of hiscolleagues. Strong volition and prescientconfidence in the future of the sciencein this country must have cost him agood deal of valour. The manifold linesof his research works as referred toabove are not unrelated to such situation.
He was graduated from the Tokyo
Imperial University in 1901 as statedabove, presenting an excellent graduation thesis " Cretaceous Cephalopoda
from Hokkaido" (which was publishedin 1903-4).
About that time the Ministry of Education had a plan to establish a newnational university in Sendai within a
few years to come. Candidates for professorship at this new university weresent abroad to prepare themselves invarious senses, as was the custom of
our country in those days. YABE wasrecommended as one of them. He spent
3 years in Europe and America, andmade acquaintance with many of theleading scholars of various countries
while earnestly attending to his studies.
Returning home in 1911 he was appointed the professor of geology at the
Tohoku Imperial University, Sendai,

where the Faculty of Science comprised
the chair of geology. From then on theactivities in the fields of paleontology
and stratigraphy have become very
active, as will be easily recognized bya glance at the lists of papers published in the period and in the periods tofollow.
Swarms of students gathered around
YABE to listen to his lectures. Accordingly, before several years passed, it
was agreed that the Institute of Geology (Stratigraphy) and Paleontology
should be kept apart from the otherdivisions of the Geological Department,
as it would be more convenient andefficient for teaching and training thestudents.
In the meantime the PaleontologicalSociety was established in 1935 under
the auspices of Y ABE, so as to maintaininternational contact and communication
with foreign countries. The Society
made its start as a branch of the Geological Society of japan. The first 21
issues of the Transactions were attached to the journal of the latter. The
New Series was first published in January 1951, and is being continued eversince, with increasing contributors. Y ABE
held the post of the President of theSociety until April 1959. We can makea boast of the Society's recent development, with members and contributors
on the increase and noticeable works
accomplished in stratigraphy, geohistory, geotectonics and other fields of thegeological sciences. We should not
overlook, however, that these branchesof learning were based, either directly
or indirectly, on the foundation laid by
YABE.
Y ABE was a busy man, as everybody
will agree. He left his footmarks not
only in this country but also in Korea,
China, Indonesia, the Philippines and155other parts of the world, often accompanied by certain pupils of his. Perhaps
because of his busy life Y ABE did riot
appear to be a sociable person. Indeed
he had no habit of smoking or drinking.
Among the audiences of concerts, art
exhibitions, athletic fields and the like,he was seen very seldom if ever,throughout the long period of his intercourse with us. As a matter of fact
he remeined unmarried until his early
forties. He happened, however, to meetwith a lovely, elegant and winsome
young lady, not quite twenty years ofage. He decided to marry her. She
proved to be a very nice and consolingwife and served tenderly until her bushand's last moment. Their married life
was blessed with four children, a boy
and three daughters.
As an distinguished scholar and excellent teacher Y ABE served to the world
as well as to his own country. On theoccasion· of his graduation from theuniversity in 1901, he was honored with
the Royal prize on account of his outstanding work accomplished for thegraduation thesis. It was in 1912 that
he was recommended to the degree of
D. Sc. by the President of the Tohoku
Imperial University. About that timeProf. DIENER from Wien called on YABE,
and together they made field trips tosouthern Kitakami and to Shikoku inorder to fulfil DIENER's wishes to observe the Triassic and Permian stratigraphy and paleontology. Soon after
DIENER published a paper on the Triassicce phalopods of Japan. In 1914 Y ABE
was recommended to the " Korrespondie-

rendes Mitglied " of the " KaiserlichKonichliche Geographische Gessellschaft
in Wien ". I happened to be in his
room at the moment the License reached him. His face beamed with joy andhe told me that " this is the most delightful moment in my life". In thefollowing years he received various
honors from abroad, namely, Foreign
Correspondent to the PaleontologicalSociety of America (1931), Honorary
member of the California Academy of
Science (1932), Honorary Member of theSociete Paleontologique de Russie, USSR
(1933), Corresponding Member of The
Geological Society of China (1915), Correspondent of the Geological Society ofAmerica, and Member of the Birbal
Sahni Institute of Paleobotany (1966). At
home he was a member of the Japan
Academy since 1925, and an honorary
member of the Paleontological Society,
the Geological Society, the GeographicalSociety and the Association for Quaternary Research.
In 1953 YABE was awarded the Cultural
Medal (Bunka-Kunsho) for his distinguished achievements in scientific researches and education.
For his long years' services to thenational university and to the Japan
Academy YABE was decorated posthumously with the First Class National
Order.
He was buried in Sendai where mostof his life was dedicated to the scienceand to the university. The cemetery is
on a hill looking down the city to its
south.

156

PROCEEDINGS OF THE PALAEONTOLOGICAL SOCIETY
OF JAPAN

R*!S·j::!!fiJ~4;:1lf'; 102 @]{~1]4;:1t6:/:/;f-~?A

IJ: 1969 .1f.. 6 Jl 14 13 (±) · 15 El ( 13) 0)_:::: F3
r~, 1.::bt.:: IJ 11j13\tJIIJo~:s.ttfi!f1/JfiH~~Yi:lit Clfii~m) l.:i;v'-c1'JtJ::btLR.. ($:1Jw1'i 10 :t;):f'Pil~rtH"J7<PtJl~O) !'-lft.1:il!f~--.-----.- ~.!fh~jjt~Lll~IW-.J:: IJ{~;tLt.:lffL.9:!.ft.:PI::-?v'"C -- ..
. -- .. -... -.. -.--.--.-- .... -.. --. ~W-~i:::::.

~l:.i1IJJJ: fit,~l"l!\1!.)]0) i'litiDinf !!E ~tL!E.lW-~1.: -?~ \-c -...... --. --. -. -- . --. -------- -1tfl.1§-{ili z---.-.- •• - •• i!§lll'if.M~$fiiiJi~llUi:l=j:l 0) :I "' :I ~ A

On a new species of Brasilosaurus.
.... _......... SHIKAMA, T. & H. OzAKIMesosaurus skeletons kept in Japan •......
.. ·- .... ·- .. ·- .... ·- ....... SHIKAMA, T.
Holocene 0) Lynx i; .J:: 6 Sinomegaceros 1.:

oo-r- '.J r..,g .. -....... -................ .

· ·- •· · · •· · iilii;l:!:~:::::. • ill:~JII~:ffl • ~.::F-i"S§!!

;q\ZJli:O)tij::!fWJ~,W.O)!lliJ[il](7 -:J7- 3 - p "'/{)- : / IV/V. T ;j{ :/:ffdi}f~""CO) 117!] .••• - ••••• -.•••• -.•• -.-- •.. -•. -.•. -.•.• -l~!Illl!fl±
A new ammonite from the Shimantogawa
Group of Shikoku. . ................ .
. . . • . . . • MATSUMOTO, T. & M. HIRATA
On the mode of occurrence of ammonites
in the Nishinakayama Formation, Toyora Group .......... -. -.. - .......... .
........ - ..• HIRANO, H. & T. SHIKAMA
l.!fi-'i!I!Jtl!lft-fr!llfliji;GCIJ I -7- P 1 f 2 fil!O)J1E~J\

Nannoplanktons from the deep-sea ooze of
the Equatorial Pacific ... _... NISHIDA, S.
A palynological study of the late Miocene
Tsukada Diatomaceous Member in
Wajima City, Noto Peninsula. (f-tilie)• ....................... ·- ·- .. --.FUJI, N.
ljlt1.1t~JPbO)ft.1:i** 1.:-? 1.-' -c· ·. -· . -· · -· ·ilfj IIIIZ9~~=.rm~1bf:k1§-0) ~=-*c!\J rJ>; 7" -t-0) ~ft.:o' 0)~~ -t-0):@'* ............ -....... ~iilllBI::c

A new species of Sagenopteris from Nariwa, Southwest Honshu, Japan. (f-tMi:).•....... -... -............. HUZIOKA, K.
Nilssoniales of the eastern Asia._ ... _.....
- ·- ...... -· .. -· ........ ·-·-.KIMURA, T .

:/ :.;;J{ ~?A r!S"tiii.~IJ 0) i!1t. c :f~;{JiJ (t!t~liA·
i:ltPdJ-~ • fl!i;;iclt:J[;) IJ: 15 n Ul) O)lffJii • .tp
ft:l.::bt.:: ~ -crrtJ:.:bht.:.

I<: -?v'"C ... -.......... -.- ....... J!!:i!Ilri:t41i
Carboniferous pectinaceans from Akiyoshi(Molluscan Paleontology of the Aki·
yoshi Limestone Group. V)- ......... .
- ....... - ... - ............... NISHIDA, T.
On some gastropods from the Lower Permian Sakamotozawa Formation .. _....
- ·- ·- -- .... -· ........ ·- ..... NISHIDA, T.
~t.::F-s!ll!*C/fiO) ~it.:Pllf --. -~*~tM • !llira,n~~Freshwater molluscs from the Owada Formation, Southeast Rumoi, Hokkaido,
Japan. (f-tlll\:) •. _. _. _. _... - ... NODA, H.
ft.li Ostrea O)J!'!t~Ji: --- · · · · · ·-- ·-- · ·- · $tii!9il~illli

W:.i!Eic.:t;I:J- '.J ~~~~tttir!~MJ~~;(!iCIJ!f#i~ • · :1-:Ni!~Jl-x v- :/7 J1EO) Gigantopteris-Lobatannularia

7 P - 7 i; .J:: 6 Dipteridaceae 7 P - 7
c' {lf!O)Jfii!ffi!1EO)-t";!1,; c 0)11:.~- -4-!llfp:J~;t;.:f: 4'- :/ P :.;0)5J';{ffi.:OOJili t... -c-.... -.. i!91'1:l

1t.1:ic:m_j::O)flif!WJO)t~J.~~~ <.'.J~•..... ilfjJII3t~

jj;Jif\l!ttl.:i;f:T'.J 7-. ¥f41.: -?v'-c . -.. -.. -~r.€.31ii!F~~~~~~~O)~$s!lli*~.J::6r$tr~=-*

1iJJ} • n~.:rO) 57-;fff c ~~ .. -••. -•.• illlill rPi~t,ifijij!O) INitiJ$0) l=j:t~frjftifijJlX::!(Efl{!fWJO) :{t~~HHIT- -- .. -.. - -.. -. -.. -.. -.. -....... -f!iif.*iliii}

~8

191)

103 [ill

A

71-'

~fj

fill

13

i!Q Ej~ )6~iVi** -IJJ 13_,_
j( ·!¥.·.1.r;
Jli[ !!C. 1f'!-

1 9 6 9 if-ll!'j 29, 30 /3

1 969 if- 1 0 Fl 2 5 13~;

1 970 if- 1 ,FJ 19,20 El

1 9 6 9 if:. 12 Fl 1 13

1970 {J'-~:f,~ , if-~
103 @lfJU~

Jtil

fi.ll

*
(J1g!J[l.,\ij;k ) :

;!I:

;k

13*Jlll'l1!'f:~ii§ 13 :Lji:J!i: ;:tll191)~cilliT!o'/ :.-'¥:/ •7 .A , :M+I 0)~~/!.9*-7L;i+l i!I
iw:flij@:tJ: GcH::. i¥Jii§r.J'I~J:t!!Jr:Ji~l%ts C ill:~liA : mii;,n;;:gg, .!f-:lfft¥:=.)0

13 :;j1:1~1 ~~~~J~~~:pJ :fi·O) lftT=i J t~ TIJ '% l'ftT=iliJHIH~P'l 0) ITIItl:i* J t<JU~O) :J:o?;nG-tt
nP,;tQ 43 if 9 nrc 1:1 Jj;-: -,t,-1=.~7/J~f-:<E::Jf'; 100 @lfYIJ~n : ~iJ~:k~fcJ/~v ' 'L IJI1fili ~ tt -1 lt.:n:, 7c0)1~ rcrrhh
t::. :1 1=1 4'-7 A l ft T=if!fl!KJtijfJ\r"JO)Fri'Ji"L:i*J -c9G:&~i1J::.~ilJ3'z:O) i*J, 7 j·;~in : , lft T=iJ t\l/'FIJ -\5-c L-'L/:1:\IIN~h;J::

lt.:o ~~ · ~~~~ Hl~hf , IJ\!1~~ ;J:oj;'(f::,O):;Ij ~'dCi~[l -Mc~ ;J:o-9- -910v't.: L- -1-9-o
1*1 'f:i: 1. fv'i®N'M ,l,tj :J:o J: rJ f::i' I!Ptilli = tY: .I'.VJ: Glf tc -!J· :/ :if t1.:i o) ))g}~ · !'ifg',;~ liT! 1:\i: 1* H: · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · ·· · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · i~i:Jt :lioJ • ;J,®itt= · go)Jl {~2. 7l(iJfil~8t c M~~ ITII1:\i:i~'l-l:: · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · :!Jnil~llk:~gg · ;kJ;!l):;!;',ii[ • Wfr~f~ AJJ
3. 1 :/ n:t: I?Ri1iJIJJ::1 7-0)J~i'i!UJ~il~lNfiltHcJ: ~~~~MI;;l· · · · · ·· · · ·· · · · · · JJ:Ill~llk:,ngg · ;kJ:!;):,t,iJl
4. l£1f;;ii:!~0) 7f; -9- tJ 7J(t,m · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · JJiil(.;!lk,H3 · wrr~f~ 'W · iilli :Jt:.t~:=.E!rs
5. i:':i- ~lJ7;; tcx-t-9 {> Jj!£Mit ~~: i.J > G0) 7 7" 1=1- ?- · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · [IJJJ:iEfi'l · ?ili;;f::P.:Eff;
6. i.\iftf.\j-lj-:/::i"O) 230Th ;J:oJ:lf 23I Pa i]~-f;-c ''( i!-'-4';- · · · ·· ·· . ;k;fJAJJEfl; . ; j 'l!§~= . i~ IIIi:E=
7. ·~· · ~\i'~tJ: C." tc "?v''L 0) 14 C if.j-~iJli))E · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · .. · · · · · · · ;ti@'NIIi'J;E{il!i 800 Pi (44 if- 8 JJ 9G7'G ) m*'f;J-t: · p;!j( 71 1¥f riJ )6f:l:TncO)v'i~n7Jv,Mi:i v' L- ;t-9,1) illi f::i'mi~J-:rt~ LLJ c=r 98o):m:l t:k~rl!l~;~rmJ:t!!1'1: . ,!,-~~lwt& ~ J*l r1r:T:J-J tf,2) }R;J'({i!l )i:Jl([K:Ljl:j!~l 7- 3-1 ('T 113)
}i-Uy\;k :'f:J.'Il~ l!IIJ:t!!~~:%x~i*J · J==J:Ljl:tl:£171)~~3) {!;;iRm)'LI 11~ 1 C'T 920)~/R;k:'Pill!'f:fHUUl~~;k ~CUl ~liA ;J,ii§Iill= · il]!tml/la )NEWS
0 :Lji:<E;:f:,~J=~:R 9<::;i;!I:R5.':;f=l'f:l: 1969 if 6 Jl 23 JJ Wicl~~ :!1..t::. o
0 ~!5. .flut.; ~YG%i f:l: 1969 1:[~ 7 J'l 24 135-lli ~ ~ict::.o
0 013. m~ ll\lfl~j, ;J<: ;tH:J:;)J~[IJ:Ult'l~f:~ ~tfJi/iO) Field Symposium ( '/ t; ::t) fC /:1:\Rir;O)t::.IO /:l:',9G L- t-:: o ;J:: i:::.
~ ~ ~DJ::J:l:1f~~U; ;r~· f:J: International Botanical Con g ress ( '/ 7 r ;t.- ) tc , ~13. ± i>it-;£if:l: IN QUA
c / ~ ~)

0

tcWrrir;L-t::.o

UNESCO-lUGS (International Union of Geolog ica l Sciences) ;Jtflt'O) IGCP
(International Geological Correlation Programme) (9 Fl 11 ~16 13 7' !J .r-.: 7-. r tc 'L Uf!HlD tc /:l:',~~fL_;:Ljl:i:EE!!I~-~:l:Fri"i O)l,!!J,!i',9G L-t.: 0

1 9 6 9 if. 9 Jl 25 13
1 9 6 9 if:- 9 Jl 30 13

r:n

.mu

-,:s- ~ q~ ~ A.
""':'¥: rl!l ~ n~ J:til'lii: ~: %x ~ r.!<J

~6

fj

7§-

****

~

~

~

It[

B

Ct.!R 1:1 J::J ~6 0 0 Pi

E:IJ

mu ~

~

R,~

::;!(

/7-. 84780 ill')* til Ml *rK ::E 2Ji"T~fii~ P>\1 1lil!1!ilUtit~:~~t1

-~

·ru;

~

III

;Jt

1

13

7C

Transactions and Proceedings of the PalaeontologicalSociety of Japan

September 30, 1969

New Series No. 75

CONTENTS
TRANSACTIONS
555. SADA, Kimiyoshi: Microfossils of the lowest part of the Taishaku limestone(Studies of the stratigraphy and the microfossil faunas of the Carboniferous and Permian Taishaku limestone in west Japan, No. 4) .... ...... 119
556. MASUDA, Koichiro and NonA, Hiroshi : Pliocene boring shells and theirburrows from the environs of Sendai, Japan .... . . . . . .. . . . .............. 130
557. NISHIDA, Shiro : Nannofossils from Japan I. Miocene Discoasters from
Noto . ... .. ........... . .. . .. . . . .. .. ... . ..... ... .. .. . .. .. ... . . . . . . . .. . . . . . 136

A Memorial to Professor Hisakatsu YABE by lchiro HAY ASAKA ..... ... ... . .. . . 153