Histone H3 acetyl Lys14 ELISA
Catalog No. 53115(version A1)

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Copyright 2011 Active Motif, Inc.

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Information in this manual is subject to change without notice and does not constitute a commitment on the part of Active Motif, Inc. It is supplied on an “as is” basis without any warranty of any
kind, either explicit or implied. Information may be changed or updated in this manual at any time.
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The manufacturer of this documentation is Active Motif, Inc.
© 2011 Active Motif, Inc., 1914 Palomar Oaks Way, Suite 150; Carlsbad, CA 92008. All rights reserved.
All trademarks, trade names, service marks or logos referenced herein belong to their respective
companies.
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TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page

Overview  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Flow Chart of Process . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
Introduction  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Kit Performance and Benefits  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  . 4Histone H3 acetyl Lys14 ELISA  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Kit Components and Storage
Additional Materials Required . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Protocols
Buffer Preparation and Recommendations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Quick Chart for Preparing Buffers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
ELISA Protocol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Appendix
Section A. Preparation of Acid Extract/Crude Histones . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Section B. Troubleshooting Guide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Section C. Related Products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  16
Technical Services  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20

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Overview
The addition or removal of modifications such as phospho-, methyl- and acetyl- functional groups
to histones can have a profound effect on nuclear signaling as these dynamic modifications are
critical in the regulation of transcription, chromosome packaging, DNA damage repair and functional genomics. Screening extracts for specific histone modifications is a simple way to assess cell
health and the effect of treatment compounds on cell division.
The Histone H3 acetylated Lys14 ELISA is a simple solution for screening levels of acetylated lysine
14 on histone H3 in human, primate, mouse and rat systems. These kits are sandwich ELISAs thatutilize a Histone H3 monoclonal antibody to capture histone H3 from your samples and a rabbit
polyclonal Histone H3 acetyl Lys14 antibody for specific detection. A secondary antibody conjugated to horseradish peroxidase (HRP) and developing solutions provide a sensitive colorimetricreadout that is easily quantified by spectrophotometry. The assay is performed in a convenient
96-stripwell plate, enabling you to simultaneously screen from 1 to 96 samples in a single experiment. It works with acid extracts from tissue or cell samples and is able to detect acetylated
histone H3 on lysine 14 within a range of 0.06 to 2 micrograms of core histone preparations and0.03 to 1 micrograms of acid extract.
For added convenience and a more quantitative interpretation of results, the histone acetylation
ELISA kits all include Active Motif’s recombinant acetylated histone technology. Each acetylated
histone ELISA kit is supplied with the a 99% pure Histone H3 recombinant protein that has been
specifically acetylated at the desired lysine site. The included Recombinant Histone H3 acetyl Lys14
protein enables you to build a reference standard curve to quantitate the amount of specificallyacetylated H3 Lys14 in your samples.

product

formatcatalog no.

Histone H3 acetyl Lys14 ELISA

1 x 96 rxns

53115

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1Flow Chart of Process

1

5

4

3

2

7

6

8

9

10

11

12

A
B
C
D
E
F

Sample containing
core histones oracid extracted histones

G
H

Histone H3 antibody
coated plate

Add sample
to the plate
21

11

01

9

8

7

6

5

4

3

2

1
A
B

C
D
E
F
G
H

1 hr.

1

9

8

7

6

5

4

3

2

11

10

12

A
B
C
D
E
F
G

Add modification specificprimary antibody

H

1 hr.
21

11

01

9

8

7

6

5

4

3

2

1
A

Add anti-IgG
HRP conjugate

B
C
D
E
F
G

Add developing
and stop solution

H

1 hr.
3

2

1

5

4

7

6

A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H

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2

8

9

10

11

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Introduction
Histone H3 acetylated Lys14
The basic structural unit of chromatin is the nucleosome, which consists of 146 base pairs (bp) of
DNA wrapped around a histone octamer. The histone octamer consists of two copies each of thecore histone H2A-H2B dimers and a tetramer of H3-H4. A linker histone, histone H1, binds chromatin outside the nucleosome unit to regulate chromatin structure.
Histone modifications such as phosphorylation, acetylation and methylation at specific amino acidresidues on the histone tails that extend beyond the core nucleosome have been found to influence and regulate transcription, chromosome packaging and DNA damage repair. Many of these
specific histone modifications are conserved throughout eukaryotes. While the biological significance of some histone modifications remains to be understood, some have been demonstrated tocorrelate very closely with specific cellular states like transcriptional activity1,2.
Histone acetylation is catalyzed by histone acetyltransferases (HATs) and has been shown to beimportant in the regulation of transcription, replication, DNA damage repair, and chromosomal
condensation3,4,5,6. The transcriptionally active form of chromatin, called euchromatin, exhibits
higher levels of histone acetylation than the transcriptionally silent form known as heterochromatin. Acetylation of histones is believed to result in decondensation of heterochromatin into themore relaxed euchromatin structure. This decondensation increases accessibility of regulatory proteins, such as transcription factors and DNA repair elements, to the underlying DNA. Thus histone
acetylation plays an important role in the active processes associated with chromatin remodeling.
In particular, the acetylation of lysine 14 on Histone H3 (H3K14) has been mapped to the initiationsite of actively transcribed genes7, 8. Consistent with this role in activation of gene transcription,in mammalian embryos lacking the acetyltransferase HBO1, reduced levels of acetylated H3K14 isaccompanied by a significant decrease in the expression of genes involved in embryonic patterning9. In addition to transcriptional activation, H3K14 acetylation has also been shown to be an
important regulator of transcriptional elongation10.
Active Motif’s Histone Modification ELISA Kits make it is easy to screen for changes in acetylationlevels. Histone H3 acetyl Lys14 ELISA works with acid extracts from tissue or cell samples as well as
purified core histones, such as those isolated using Active Motif’s Histone Purification Kits (Catalog
Nos. 40025 & 40026). The sensitive, specific assays are able to detect acetylated lysine 14 on
histone H3 in less than 3.5 hours. As this assay is performed in a 96-stripwell plate, a large numberof samples can be handled simultaneously, allowing for high-throughput automation.
Histone Modification ELISAs have many applications including screening the effects of compounds
on the acetylation levels of histone H3 lysine residues.

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3Kit Performance and Benefits
Detection limit: > 0.06 µg/well of purified core histones. For acid extracts, > 0.03 µg/well isrecommended.
Range of detection: This ELISA provides quantitative results from 0.06 µg to 2 µg of purified core
histones or from 0.03 ng to 1 µg of histones isolated by acid extraction. The provided RecombinantHistone H3 acetyl Lys14 protein is tested at a range of 0.625 to 40 ng/well to identify the linear
range for a best fit curve.
Cross-reactivity: Human, mouse, rat, yeast, and a wider range of species reactivity is predicted
due to the high degree of sequence homology of histone H3.
Assay time: 3.5 hours.

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4Histone H3 acetyl Lys14 ELISA Kit
Histone H3 acetyl Lys 14 ELISA

Histone H3 acetyl Lys14 (OD 450nm)

2.5

2

1.5

1

0.5

0
40

20

10

5

2.5

1.25

0.625

0

Recombinant Histone H3 acetyl Lys14 Protein(provided positive control)

250

500

HeLa Acid
Extract

Purified Core
HistoneSample (ng/well)

Histone H3 acetyl Lys14 detection.
The Histone H3 acetyl Lys14 ELISA was used to assay HeLa acid extract (250 ng) prepared as stated in Appendix Section A
and purified HeLa core histones (500 ng) made using Active Motif’s Histone Purification Kit (Catalog No. 40025). HeLa cells
treated with sodium butyrate were used for preparation of both acid extract and purified histones. The provided Recombinant Histone H3 acetyl Lys14 protein was assayed from 0.625 - 40 ng/well as a reference standard curve. Data shown are theresults from wells assayed in duplicate. These results are provided for demonstration only.

Histone H3 acetyl Lys14 (OD 450nm)

Histone H3 acetyl Lys14 ELISA
2.5

Recombinant Histone H3
Recombinant Histone H3 acetyl Lys14

2

Recombinant Histone H3 acetyl Lys9
1.5
1
0.5
0
23

11.5

5.75

2.88

1.44

0.72

0.36

0

Recombinant proteins (ng/well)

Histone H3 acetyl Lys14 specificity.
Recombinant Histone H3, acetyl Lys14 and acetyl Lys9 proteins were assayed from 0.36 ng - 23 ng per well using the Histone
H3 acetyl Lys14 ELISA. These results indicate the specificity of the assay. There is extremely low background from histone
H3 and little cross-reactivity with acetylated Lys14. This means that small, specific changes in acetyl Lys14 levels can easily
be detected with this kit.

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5Kit Components and Storage
Histone H3 acetyl Lys14 ELISA Kits are for research use only. Not for use in diagnostic procedures.
All components are guaranteed stable for 6 months from date of receipt when stored properly.
Reagents

Quantity

Storage

Histone H3 acetyl Lys14 antibody

10 µl

4°C

HRP-conjugated anti-rabbit IgG

10 µl

4°C

Assay Dilution Buffer

18 ml

4°C

20X Wash Buffer

25 ml

4°C

Developing Solution

11 ml

4°C

Stop Solution

11 ml

4°C

Recombinant Histone H3 acetyl Lys14

5 µg(1 µg/µl)-80°C

Histone H3 Capture Plate

14°C

Plate sealer

1

RT

Additional materials required• Histone samples (recombinant, purified or acid extracted)• Multi-channel pipettor• Multi-channel pipettor reservoirs• Rocking platform/orbital shaker• Microplate spectrophotometer capable of reading at 450 nm (655 nm as optional reference
wavelength)www.activemotif.com

6

Protocols
Buffer Preparation and Recommendations
Assay Dilution Buffer
Assay Dilution Buffer is provided as a 1X solution and is ready for use once thawed.
20X Wash Buffer
Prepare the amount of 1X Wash Buffer required for the assay as follows: For every 100 ml of 1X
Wash Buffer required, dilute 5 ml 20X Wash Buffer with 95 ml sterile water (see the Quick Chartfor Preparing Buffers in this section). Mix gently to avoid foaming. The 1X Wash Buffer may be
stored at 4°C for one week. The Tween 20 contained in the 20X Wash Buffer may form clumps,
therefore it is necessary to completely resuspend any precipitates by incubating at 50°C for 2
minutes and mixing prior to use.
Preparation of antibodies (See the Quick Chart for Preparing Buffers in this Section.)
Dilute the Histone H3 acetyl Lys14 antibody 1:500 with Assay Dilution Buffer. Use 50 µl per well.
Dilute the HRP-conjugated anti-rabbit IgG antibody 1:2000 with Assay Dilution Buffer. Use 50 µl
per well.
Developing Solution
The Developing Solution should be warmed to room temperature before use. The Developing
Solution is light sensitive, therefore, we recommend avoiding direct exposure to intense lightduring storage. The Developing Solution may develop a yellow hue over time. This does not affectproduct performance. However, a blue color present in the Developing Solution indicates thatit has been contaminated and must be discarded. Prior to use, place the Developing Solution atroom temperature for at least 1 hour. Transfer the amount of Developing Solution required for theassay into a secondary container before aliquoting into the wells (see the Quick Chart for Preparing Buffers in this section). After use, discard remaining Developing Solution.
Stop Solution
Prior to use, transfer the amount of Stop Solution required for the assay into a secondary container (see the Quick Chart for Preparing Buffers in this section). After use, discard remaining Stop
Solution.
WARNING: The Stop Solution is corrosive. Wear personal protective equipment whenhandling, i.e. safety glasses, gloves and labcoat.
Diluting Recombinant Histone H3 acetyl Lys14 protein
The Recombinant Histone H3 acetyl Lys14 protein is provided as a control for quantitating theamount of acetylated histone H3. There is enough recombinant protein for at least 2 standard
curves. Store protein at -80°C. Avoid multiple freeze/thaw cycles by only removing the proteinfrom the freezer when planning to run a standard curve.

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7Preparing histone samples
Histone samples can be prepared using several techniques:1.

A simple acid extraction (see Appendix Section A) is recommended instead of a nuclear
extraction as histones are soluble in acidic solutions and many nuclear extraction procedures often exclude histones from the final sample. The acid extraction will provide crude
histones.

2.

Purified core histones, such as those obtained from Active Motif’s Histone Purification Kits
(Catalog Nos. 40025 & 40026) produce distinct, clean core histone samples as determined bygel electrophoresis.

3.

More stringent purification techniques use a hydroxyapatite column to provide highly pure,core histone samples, such as Active Motif’s HeLa core Histones (Catalog No. 53501).

Regardless of the histone preparation technique, it is recommended initially to use a range ofsample concentrations (e.g. 5 ng, 50 ng, 500 ng, 5 µg) in order to determine the amount of sample
necessary to fall within the linear area of the reference curve. Once the protein concentration forthe linear area of the reference curve has been determined, perform the rest of the assays within
the linear range.

Quick Chart for Preparing Buffers
Reagents to prepare

Components

For 1
well

For 1 strip(8 wells)

For 6 strips(48 wells)

For 12 strips(96 wells)

Primary Antibody

Histone H3 acetyl Lys14 Ab
Assay Dilution Buffer
TOTAL REQUIRED

0.1 µl51.9 µl
52 µl

0.9 µl450 µl450 µl5.4 µl
2.7 ml
2.7 ml10.8 µl
5.4 ml5.4 mlSecondary Antibody

HRP-conjugated anti-rabbit IgG
Assay Dilution Buffer
TOTAL REQUIRED

0.026 µl
52 µl
52 µl

0.23 µl
450 µl450 µl1.35 µl
2.7 ml
2.7 ml

2.7 µl5.4 ml5.4 ml

1X Wash Buffer

Distilled water
20X Wash Buffer
TOTAL REQUIRED

1.9 ml100 µl2 ml

17.1 ml
0.9 ml
18 ml

95 ml
5 ml
100 ml

190 ml
10 ml
200 mlDeveloping Solution

TOTAL REQUIRED

112.5 µl

900 µl5.4 ml10.8 ml

Stop Solution

TOTAL REQUIRED

112.5 µl

900 µl5.4 ml10.8 mlwww.activemotif.com

8

ELISA Protocol
Read the entire protocol before use.
Determine the appropriate number of microwell strips required for testing samples, controls andblanks in duplicate. Store the unused strips in the aluminum pouch at 4°C. If less than 8 wells in a
strip need to be used, cover the unused wells with a portion of the plate sealer while you performthe assay. The unused wells are stable at room temperature for the duration of the assay if kept
dry. Once the assay is finished, unused strips should be returned to the aluminum pouch andstored at 4°C for a separate assay. Use the strip holder while performing the assay.
Prepare the 1X Wash Buffer as described above in the section Buffer Preparation and Recommendations. Multi-channel pipettor reservoirs may be used for dispensing the Wash Buffer, Assay
Dilution Buffer, Developing Solution and Stop Solution into the wells being used.

Standard Curve Preparation for H3 acetyl Lys14
Use this plate set-up example to prepare a standard curve for the Histone H3 acetyl Lys14(H3 K14ac) ELISA in duplicate.
H3 K14ac

1.

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

A

40 ng

40 ng

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

B

20 ng

20 ng

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

C

10 ng

10 ng

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

D

5 ng

5 ng

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

E

2.5 ng

2.5 ng

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

F

1.25 ng1.25 ng

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

G

0.625 ng 0.625 ng

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

H

0 ng

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

0 ng

Recombinant Histones are provided at a 1 µg/µl concentration. Thaw the protein on ice.
Before using, vortex the tube for 10 seconds and quick spin the contents to the bottom of
the tube. Store remaining protein at -80°C and avoid multiple freeze/thaw cycles.
Prepare two microcentrifuge tubes. Dilute the Recombinant Histone H3 acetyl Lys14 to a final
concentration of 0.8 ng/µl with a two step dilution.
Tube 1: Add 2 µl of Recombinant Histone H3 acetyl Lys14 protein (1 µg/µl) to 98 µl of Assay
Dilution Buffer. Mix well by vortexing.
Tube 2: Transfer 10 µl of Tube 1 into 240 µl of Assay Dilution Buffer. Mix well by vortexing.
The result will be 200 ng/250 µl = 0.8 ng/µl.
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92.

Add 100 µl of the diluted Recombinant Histone to wells A1 and A2. Discard any unused
diluted Recombinant Histone.

3.

Add 50 µl of Assay Dilution Buffer to wells B1 through H2.

4.

Perform a serial two-fold dilution of the extracts by transferring 50 µl of the extracts in row
A to the wells in row B.

5.

Mix the contents of row B by pipetting up and down 3-5 times. Do not change pipette tips
between well transfers.

6.

Transfer 50 µl of the contents of row B to row C and mix, as previously described.

7.

Continue this process until row G is reached.

8.

When row G is reached, discard 50 µl of the well contents so that the final volume is 50 µl.

9.

Row H will serve as the blank wells.

Step 1: Binding of H3 to the Capture Plate
1.

In duplicate, prepare the amount of desired sample. It is recommended to try a range of concentrations in order to determine the amount of sample necessary to fall within the linear
range of the reference curve. Add desired amount of sample in 50 µl volume to plate.
Purified core histones: Recommended range of 0.06 to 2 µg
Acid extracts: Recommended range of 0.03 to 1 µg

2.

Incubate plate containing the protein standard curve and samples for 1 hour at room
temperature with agitation on orbital shaker or rocking platform.

3.

After the incubation, wash the wells 3 times with 200 µl of Wash Buffer.

Step 2: Binding of Primary Antibody
4.

Dilute the Histone H3 acetyl Lys14 antibody 1:500 in Assay Dilution Buffer and mix
thoroughly.

5.

Add 50 µl of diluted primary antibody to each well.

6.

Incubate at room temperature for 1 hour with agitation.

7.

After the incubation, wash the wells 3 times with 200 µl of Wash Buffer.

Step 3: Binding of Secondary Antibody
8.

Dilute the HRP-conjugated anti-rabbit IgG antibody 1:2000 in Assay Dilution Buffer and mix
thoroughly.

9.

Add 50 µl of the diluted secondary antibody solution to each well.

10. Incubate at room temperature for 1 hour without agitation.
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10

11.

During this incubation, place the Developing Solution at room temperature.

12.

After the incubation, wash the wells 3 times with 200 µl of wash buffer.

Step 4: Colorimetric Reaction
13.

Remove as much of the final wash as possible by blotting the plate on paper towels.

14.

Add 100 µl of room temperature Developing Solution to all wells being used.

15.

Incubate under low light conditions from 30 seconds to 10 minutes at room temperature
protected from direct light. Please read the Certificate of Analysis supplied with this kit
for optimal development time associated with this lot number. Monitor the blue color
development in the protein standard curve wells containing the higher concentrations ofRecombinant Histone H3 acetyl Lys14 protein until they turn medium to dark blue. Do not
overdevelop.

16.

Add 100 µl of Stop Solution to all the wells. In presence of the acid, the blue color turns
yellow.

17.

Read absorbance on a spectrophotometer within 5 minutes at 450nm with an optionalreference wavelength of 655 nm. Blank the plate reader according to the manufacturer’s
instructions using the blank wells.
Reading the reference wavelength is optional. Most microtiter plate readers are equippedto perform dual wavelength analysis and with the appropriate software, will automaticallysubtract the reference wavelength absorbance from the test wavelength absorbance. If yourplate reader does not have this capability, you may read the plate twice, once at 450 nm andonce at 655 nm then manually subtract the 655 nm OD from the 450 nm OD values.
Calculation of results using the standard curve
To generate a standard curve using the included Recombinant Histone H3 acetyl Lys14 protein, average the duplicate readings for each standard, control, and sample and subtract
the optical density (OD) obtained from the zero standard (Row H blank wells).
Plot the OD for the standards against the quantity (ng/well) of the standards and draw thebest fit curve. The best curve fit may vary depending on the developing times usedand should be calculated each time a standard curve is run. The provided RecombinantHistone acetyl Lys14 protein is tested at a range of 0.625 to 40 ng/well to identify thelinear range for a best fit curve. To determine the concentration of modified histone
in your sample, you will need to identify the linear portion of the standard curve. The
linear range should be determined each time the standard curve is run. Only values thatgenerate a linear regression with an R2 value >0.96 should be used for analysis. The data
can be linearized using log/log paper and regression analysis may also be applied.
To quantify the amount of acetyl Lys14 from histone H3 in the samples, find the absorbancevalue for the samples on the y-axis and extend a horizontal line to the standard curve.
At the intersection point extend a vertical line to the x-axis and read the correspondwww.activemotif.com

11

ing standard value. Note: If the samples have been diluted, the value read from thestandard curve must be multiplied by the dilution factor.
See the example standard curve below.
Example curve:
The following standard curve is provided for demonstration only. A standard curveshould be made every time an experiment is performed.
Standard Curve (Linear Range 0.156-10 ng/well)
1.2
1

y = 0.1047x + 0.0148
R 2 = 0.979

OD 450nm

0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0
0

2

4

6

8

Recombinant Histone H3 acetyl Lys14 (ng/well)

References
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.

Kirmizis, A., et al. (2004) Genes & Dev. 18: 1592-1605.
Squazzo, S., et al. (2006) Genome Res. 16: 890-900.
Millar, C.B., et al. (2006) Genes & Dev. 20: 711-722.
Doyon, Y., et al. (2006) Mol. Cell. 21: 51-64.
Qin, S., Parthun, M.R. (2006) Mol. Cell Biol. 26: 3649-3658.
Shrogen-Knaak, M., et al. (2006) Science. 311: 844-847.
Liang, G., et al. (2004) PNAS. 101: 7357-7362.
Bernstein, B., et al. (2005) Cell. 120: 169-181.
Kueh, A.J., et al. (2010) Mol. Cell Biol. 31: 845-860.
Johnsson, A., et al. (2009) EMBO Rep. 10: 1009-1014.

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12

Appendix
Section A. Preparation of Acid Extract/Crude histone proteins
This procedure can be used for a confluent cell layer of 150 mm plate. The yield is approximately
0.15 mg of nuclear proteins from 9 x 106 cells.
1.

Grow HeLa cells to 70% confluency in DMEM with 10% FBS.

2.

Treat cells as desired.

3.

Wash cells with 1X PBS and aspirate.

4.

Add 3-5 ml of PBS per 150 mm plate.

5.

Scrape cells from the plate and transfer to a 50 ml conical tube.

6.

Pellet the cells by centrifugation in a pre-cooled 4°C rotor at 200 x g for 5-10 minutes.

7.

Aspirate as much of the PBS as possible without disturbing the cell pellet.

8.

Resuspend the cell pellet in 5 volumes of Lysis Buffer (see below).

9.

Incubate on ice for 30 minutes and occasionally invert the tube to mix.

10. Centrifuge the lysate at 11,000 x g for 10 minutes at 4°C.
11.

Collect the supernatant fraction containing acid soluble proteins, and discard the acid-insoluble pellet.

12.

Immediately neutralize the acid extracted proteins by adding 2/5 the total volume of Neutralization Buffer (see below).

13.

Quantify the protein concentration of your acid extraction using either gel electrophoresis
or a Bradford Assay.
Gel electrophoresis is a more sensitive technique to determine histone concentration ashistones are most effectively stained by Coomassie dye in a gel matrix. To determine theprotein concentration run a BSA or histone standard curve on the gel.
A Bradford Assay can be used to determine total protein concentration, not just the concentration of crude histone proteins. A total protein determination, however, is sufficient for
use in the Histone Modification ELISA Kits. The quantity of acid extract tested in the Histone
Modification ELISA Kits are based on total protein determination values.

14.

Immediately aliquot the extract in small volumes to avoid multiple freeze/thaws.

15.

Store the protein at -80°C for long-term stability.

www.activemotif.com

13

Lysis Buffer:
0.4 M HCl
Neutralization Buffer:
1 M Sodium phosphate, dibasic, pH 12.5. Use 5 M NaOH to adjust the pH.
2.5 mM DTT
10 mM PMSF
Note:

DTT and PMSF must be added immediately prior to use.

www.activemotif.com

14Section B: Troubleshooting Guide
Problem/question

Possible cause

Recommendation

No signal or weak signal

Omission of key
reagent

Check that all reagents have been added in all wells in thecorrect order

Substrate or conjugate
is no longer active

Test conjugate and substrate for activity by mixing a smallaliquot of HRP and Developing Solution together

Enzyme inhibitor
present

Sodium azide will inhibit the peroxidase reaction. Follow ourrecommendations to prepare buffers

Plate reader settings
not optimal

Verify the wavelength and filter settings in the plate reader

Incorrect assay
temperature

Bring Developing Solution and Stop Solution to room temperature before using

Inadequate volume ofDeveloping Solution

Check to make sure that correct volume is delivered by pipette

Developing time too
long

Stop enzymatic reaction as soon as the positive wells turn
medium-dark blue

Concentration of antibodies is too highIncrease antibody dilutions

Inadequate washing

Ensure all wells are filled with Wash Buffer and follow washingrecommendations

Incomplete washingof wells

Ensure all wells are filled with Wash Buffer and follow washingrecommendations

Well cross-contamination

Follow washing recommendations

Too much sample
per wellDecrease amount of sample per well. For acid extracts, dilute
down to 500 ng/well and for purified core histone, dilute down
to 250 ng/well

Concentration of antibodies is too high

Perform antibody titration to determine optimal working
concentration. Start using 1:500-1:1000 for primary antibody and
1:2000-1:5000 for the secondary antibody. The sensitivity of theassay will be decreased

No signal or weak signal
in sample wells

Not enough sample
per well

For purified core histones, increase to 5 μg/well. For extracts,
make sure you are using an acid extract by following the protocol recommended in Appendix Section A. Increase amount ofacid extract to 2 to 5 μg/well

No signal or weak signal
in standard curve wells

Too many freeze/thaw
cycles of protein

Store at -80°C to avoid multiple freeze/thaws

High background in all
wells

Uneven color
development

High background insample wells

www.activemotif.com

15Section C. Related Products
Histone ELISAs		FormatCatalog No.

Histone H3 monomethyl Lys4 ELISA		Histone H3 dimethyl Lys4 ELISA		Histone H3 trimethyl Lys4 ELISA		Histone H3 dimethyl Lys9 ELISA		Histone H3 trimethyl Lys9 ELISA		Histone H3 monomethyl Lys27 ELISA		Histone H3 trimethyl Lys27 ELISA		Histone H3 phospho Ser10 ELISA		Histone H3 phospho Ser28 ELISA		Histone H3 acetyl Lys14 ELISA		
Total Histone H3 ELISA		

1 x 96 rxns
1 x 96 rxns
1 x 96 rxns
1 x 96 rxns
1 x 96 rxns
1 x 96 rxns
1 x 96 rxns
1 x 96 rxns
1 x 96 rxns
1 x 96 rxns
1 x 96 rxns

53101
53112
53113
53108
53109
53104
53106
53111
53100
53115
53110

Recombinant Methylated Histones		

FormatCatalog No.

Recombinant Histone H2A		
Recombinant Histone H2B		
Recombinant Histone H3 (C110A)		
Recombinant Histone H3 monomethyl Lys4		
Recombinant Histone H3 dimethyl Lys4		
Recombinant Histone H3 trimethyl Lys4		
Recombinant Histone H3 monomethyl Lys9		
Recombinant Histone H3 dimethyl Lys9		
Recombinant Histone H3 trimethyl Lys9		
Recombinant Histone H3 monomethyl Lys27		
Recombinant Histone H3 dimethyl Lys27		
Recombinant Histone H3 trimethyl Lys27		
Recombinant Histone H3 monomethyl Lys36		
Recombinant Histone H3 dimethyl Lys36		
Recombinant Histone H3 trimethyl Lys36		
Recombinant Histone H3 monomethyl Lys79		
Recombinant Histone H3 dimethyl Lys79		
Recombinant Histone H3 trimethyl Lys79		
Recombinant Histone H4		
Recombinant Histone H4 monomethyl Lys20		
Recombinant Histone H4 dimethyl Lys20		
Recombinant Histone H4 trimethyl Lys20		

50 µg
50 µg
50 µg
50 µg
50 µg
50 µg
50 µg
50 µg
50 µg
50 µg
50 µg
50 µg
50 µg
50 µg
50 µg
50 µg
50 µg
50 µg
50 µg
50 µg
50 µg
50 µg

31251
31252
31207
31208
31209
31210
31211
31212
31213
31214
31215
31216
31217
31218
31219
31220
31221
31222
31223
31224
31225
31226

Recombinant Acetylated Histones		

FormatCatalog No.

Recombinant Histone H3 acetyl Lys9		
Recombinant Histone H3 acetyl Lys14		
Recombinant Histone H3 acetyl Lys23		

25 µg
25 µg
25 µg

31253
31254
31255

DNA Methylation		

FormatCatalog No.

MethylDetector™		
MethylCollector™		
MethylCollector™ Ultra		
UnMethylCollector™		
Fully Methylated Jurkat DNA		

50 rxns
25 rxns
30 rxns
30 rxns
10 µg

55001
55002
55005
55004
55003

www.activemotif.com

16

Histone Purification		

FormatCatalog No.

Histone Purification Kit		
Histone Purification Mini Kit		

10 rxns
20 rxns

40025
40026

Chromatin Assembly		

FormatCatalog No.

Chromatin Assembly Kit		
HeLa Core Histones		

10 rxns
36 µg

53500
53501

Histone Acetyltransferase and Deacetylase Activity

FormatCatalog No.

HAT Assay Kit (Fluorescent)		
Recombinant p300 protein, catalytic domain		
HDAC Assay Kit (Fluorescent)		
HDAC Assay Kit (Colorimetric)		

1 x 96 rxns
5 µg
1 x 96 rxns
1 x 96 rxns

56100
31205
56200
56210

SUMOylation		

FormatCatalog No.

SUMOlink™ SUMO-1 Kit		
SUMOlink™ SUMO-2/3 Kit		

20 rxns
20 rxns

40120
40220

ChIP-IT™ Kits		

FormatCatalog No.

ChIP-IT™ Express		ChIP-IT™ Express Enzymatic		
ChIP-IT™ Express HT		
ChIP-IT™ Protein G Magnetic Beads		
Re-ChIP-IT™		
ChIP-IT™		
ChIP-IT™ w/o controls		
ChIP-IT™ Shearing Kit		
ChIP-IT™ Enzymatic 		
ChIP-IT™ Enzymatic w/o controls		
Enzymatic Shearing Kit		
Salmon Sperm DNA/Protein G agarose		
ChIP-IT™ Control Kit – Human		
ChIP-IT™ Control Kit – Mouse		ChIP-IT™ Control Kit – Rat		
Ready-to-ChIP HeLa Chromatin		
Ready-to-ChIP Hep G2 Chromatin		
Ready-to-ChIP K-562 Chromatin		
Ready-to-ChIP NIH/3T3 Chromatin		

25 rxns
25 rxns
96 rxns
25 rxns
25 rxns
25 rxns
25 rxns
10 rxns
25 rxns
25 rxns
10 rxns
25 rxns
5 rxns
5 rxns
5 rxns
10 rxns
10 rxns
10 rxns
10 rxns

53008
53009
53018
53014
53016
53001
53004
53002
53006
53007
53005
53003
53010
53011
53012
53015
53019
53020
53021

ChIP-validated Antibodies

Application

FormatCatalog No.

ChIP, EMSA
ChIP, EMSA, IF
ChIP, EMSA, IF, WB
ChIP, WB
ChIP, IHC, IP, WB
ChIP, IF, IHC, WB
ChIP, IF, IP, WB
ChIP, EMSA
ChIP, WB
ChIP, WB
ChIP, IF, WB

17 rxns
100 µg100 µg200 µg100 µg100 µg100 µg17 rxns
100 µl100 µg100 µl

39304
39309
39306
39621
39204
39206
39207
39313
39509
39639
39511

AP-2 pAb
c-Jun pAb
C/EBPa pAb
CTCF mAb
DNMT1 mAb
DNMT3A mAb
DNMT3B mAb
E2F-1 pAb
E2F-6 mAb
EZH2 pAb
HBP-1 mAb
www.activemotif.com

17

HDAC1 mAb (Clone 10E2)
ChIP, IF, IHC, IP, WB
200 µl39531
ChIP, IF, IHC, IP, WB
200 µl39533
HDAC2 mAb (Clone 3F3)
ChIP, WB
100 µg
40968
HDAC3 pAb
ChIP, WB
100 µg40969
HDAC4 pAb
ChIP, WB
100 µg40970
HDAC5 pAb
ChIP, WB
100 µg40971
HDAC6 pAb
ChIP, WB
200 µl
39235
Histone H2A pAb
ChIP, IF, IP, WB
200 µl
39271
Histone H2A phospho Ser129 pAb
ChIP, WB
200 µl39113
Histone H2A.Z pAb
ChIP, WB
200 µl
39237
Histone H2B pAb
ChIP, WB
200 µl
39123
Histone H2B acetyl Lys5 pAb
ChIP, WB
200 µl39121
Histone H2B acetyl Lys16 pAb
ChIP, WB
200 µl
39571
Histone H2B acetyl Lys46 pAb
ChIP, WB
200 µl
39163
Histone H3, C-terminal pAb
ChIP, IF, WB
200 µl
39381
Histone H3 acetyl Lys4 pAb
ChIP, WB
100 µg39635
Histone H3 monomethyl Lys4 mAb
ChIP, WB
200 µl
39141
Histone H3 dimethyl Lys4 pAb
ChIP, WB
200 µl
39159
Histone H3 trimethyl Lys4 pAb
ChIP, IF, WB
200 µl
39239
Histone H3 dimethyl Lys9 pAb
ChIP, WB
200 µl39161
Histone H3 trimethyl Lys9 pAb
ChIP, IF, WB
200 µl
39587
Histone H3 acetyl Lys18 pAb
ChIP, IF, WB
200 µg39133
Histone H3 acetyl Lys27 pAb
ChIP, WB
200 µl39135
Histone H3 acetyl Lys27 pAb
ChIP, IF, WB
200 µl
39245
Histone H3 dimethyl Lys27 pAb
ChIP, WB
200 µl
39535
Histone H3 trimethyl Lys27 mAb
ChIP, IF, WB
200 µg39155
Histone H3 trimethyl Lys27 pAb
ChIP, WB
200 µl
39156
Histone H3 trimethyl Lys27 pAb
ChIP, IF, WB
200 µl
39379
Histone H3 acetyl Lys36 pAb
ChIP, WB
200 µl
39281
Histone H3 acetyl Lys56 pAb
ChIP, IF, WB
200 µl
39545
Histone H3 acetyl Lys64 pAb
ChIP, WB
200 µl
39565
Histone H3 acetyl Lys79 pAb
ChIP, IF, WB
200 µl
39243
Histone H4 pan-acetyl pAb
ChIP, WB
50 µl
39179
Histone H4 tetra-acetyl pAb
ChIP, IF, WB
200 µl
39169
Histone H4 acetyl Lys5 pAb
ChIP, IF, WB
200 µl
39583
Histone H4 acetyl Lys5 pAb
ChIP, IF, WB
200 µl
39165
Histone H4 acetyl Lys12 pAb
ChIP, WB
200 µl
39167
Histone H4 acetyl Lys16 pAb
ChIP, IF, WB
200 µl
39175
Histone H4 monomethyl Lys20 pAb
ChIP, IF, WB
200 µl39180
Histone H4 trimethyl Lys20 pAb
ChIP, WB
100 µl
39033
IRF-3 pAb
ChIP, EMSA
17 rxns
39326
JunB pAb
ChIP, EMSA
100 µl39328
JunD pAb
ChIP, IP, WB
200 µl39182
L3MBTL1 pAb
ChIP, EMSA
17 rxns39334
p53 pAb
ChIP, IP, WB
200 µl39192
PP2A pAb
ChIP, WB
200 µl
39198
RbAp46/48 pAb
ChIP, ELISA, IF, IP, WB
200 µl39097
RNA pol II mAb
ChIP, IF, IP, WB
200 µl39543
SNF2h mAb
ChIP, WB
100 µl39058
Sp1 pAb
ChIP, IP, WB
100 µg39223
TRF2 Goat pAb
For an up-to-date list of ChIP-validated antibodies, please visit www.activemotif.com/chipabs
Application Key: ChIP = Chromatin Immunoprecipitation; EMSA = Electrophoretic Mobility Shift Assay;
IF = Immunofluorescence; IHC = Immunohistochemistry; IP = Immunoprecipitation; WB = Western blot

www.activemotif.com

18

Transcription Factor ELISAs		FormatCatalog No.

TransAM™ AML-1/Runx1		
1 x 96-well plate47396
1 x 96-well plate
44496
TransAM™ AML-3/Runx2		
2 x 96-well plates
44296
TransAM™ AP-1 Family		
1 x 96-well plate
44096
TransAM™ AP-1 c-Fos		
1 x 96-well plate
46096
TransAM™ AP-1 c-Jun		
1 x 96-well plate
45096
TransAM™ AP-1 FosB		
1 x 96-well plate
43496
TransAM™ AP-1 JunD		
1 x 96-well plate
42396
TransAM™ ATF-2		
1 x 96-well plate
43396
TransAM™ c-Myc		
1 x 96-well plate
44196
TransAM™ C/EBP a/b		
1 x 96-well plate
42096
TransAM™ CREB		
1 x 96-well plate
43096
TransAM™ pCREB		
1 x 96-well plate
44396
TransAM™ Elk-1		
1 x 96-well plate
41396
TransAM™ ER		1 x 96-well plate
46396
TransAM™ FKHR (FOXO1/4)		
2 x 96-well plates
48296
TransAM™ GATA Family		
1 x 96-well plate
46496
TransAM™ GATA-4		
1 x 96-well plate
45496
TransAM™ GR		1 x 96-well plate
47096
TransAM™ HIF-1		
2 x 96-well plates
46296
TransAM™ HNF Family		
1 x 96-well plate
46196
TransAM™ HNF-1		
1 x 96-well plate
48396
TransAM™ IRF-3 (Human)		
1 x 96-well plate
48496
TransAM™ IRF-3 (Mouse)		
1 x 96-well plate
50196
TransAM™ IRF-7		
2 x 96-well plates
47296
TransAM™ MAPK Family		
1 x 96-well plate
43196
TransAM™ MEF2		
1 x 96-well plate
47196
TransAM™ MyoD		
1 x 96-well plate
40396
TransAM™ NF-YA		
1 x 96-well plate
40296
TransAM™ NFATc1		
2 x 96-well plates
43296
TransAM™ NFkB Family		
2 x 96-well plates
43298
TransAM™ Flexi NFkB Family		
1 x 96-well plate
41096
TransAM™ NFkB p50		
1 x 96-well plate
41097
TransAM™ NFkB p50 Chemi		
1 x 96-well plate
41098
TransAM™ Flexi NFkB p50		
1 x 96-well plate
48196
TransAM™ NFkB p52		
1 x 96-well plate
48197
TransAM™ NFkB p52 Chemi		
1 x 96-well plate
40096
TransAM™ NFkB p65		
1 x 96-well plate
40097
TransAM™ NFkB p65 Chemi		
1 x 96-well plate
40098
TransAM™ Flexi NFkB p65		
1 x 96-well plate
50296
TransAM™ Nrf2		
1 x 96-well plate
42496
TransAM™ Oct-4		
1 x 96-well plate
41196
TransAM™ p53		
1 x 96-well plate
40196
TransAM™ PPARg		
1 x 96-well plate
41296
TransAM™ Sp1		
1 x 96-well plate
40496
TransAM™ Sp1/Sp3		
2 x 96-well plates
42296
TransAM™ STAT Family		
1 x 96-well plate
45196
TransAM™ STAT3		
1 x 96-well plate
51396
TransAM™ T-bet		
For a complete, up-to-date list of available TransAM™ Kits, please visit www.activemotif.com/transam

www.activemotif.com

19Technical Services
If you need assistance at any time, please call Active Motif Technical Service at one of thenumbers listed below.
Active Motif North America
1914 Palomar Oaks Way, Suite 150
Carlsbad, CA 92008
USA
Toll Free:877 222 9543
Telephone: 760 431 1263
Fax:
760 431 1351
E-mail:tech_service@activemotif.com
Active Motif Europe
104 Avenue Franklin Roosevelt
B-1330 Rixensart, Belgium
UK Free Phone:		
0800 169 31 47
France Free Phone:
0800 90 99 79
Germany Free Phone: 0800 181 99 10
Telephone: 		+32 (0)2 653 0001
Fax: 		
+32 (0)2 653 0050
E-mail: 		
eurotech@activemotif.com
Active Motif Japan
Azuma Bldg, 7th Floor
2-21 Ageba-Cho, Shinjuku-Ku
Tokyo, 162-0824, Japan
Telephone: +81 3 5225 3638
Fax:
+81 3 5261 8733
E-mail:japantech@activemotif.com
Visit Active Motif on the worldwide web at http://www.activemotif.com
At this site:• Read about who we are, where we are, and what we do• Review data supporting our products and the latest updates• Enter your name into our mailing list to receive our catalog, MotifVations newsletter andnotification of our upcoming products• Share your ideas and results with us• View our job opportunities
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20