Japan’s	  GHG	  emission	  reduc2on	  target	  GHG	  reduc)on	
Energy	  Eﬃciency	
Renewables	
Nuclear	2030	  *1	26%	  (compared	  to	  2050	  *2	80%	35%	  improvement	22-­‐24%	  in	  total	  power	  	(40%	  reduc)on	  of	  consump)on)	

20-­‐22%	  in	  total	  power	-­‐	2013	  level)	

(Approx.	  50%	  of	  primary	  energy	  supply)	

*1	  2030	  targets	  are	  in	  INDC	  in	  2015	  *2	  2050	  GHG	  target	  is	  by	  cabinet	  decision	  in	  2008	  and	  others	  are	  illustra)on	  by	  Global	  Environment	  CommiQee	  under	  the	  Central	  Environment	  Council	  in	  2012	

1	  L2-Tech・JAPAN Initiative 	(Leading Low-carbon Technology)	  	  L2-­‐Tech	  Standard	  for	  Suppor)ng	  the	  Best	Ø L2-­‐Tech	  Standard	  	  =	  Commercialized	  Best	  eﬃcient	  equipment		 	  for	  improvement	  	No	  incen)ve	  	Con)nuous	  incen)ve		

L Co.		 T Co.		 E Co.		 C Co.		 H Co.		

L	Co.	 		 T Co.		 E Co.		 C Co.		
H Co.		

Image of the “	Standard	-	clearing	Type”				Image of the “Pursuit	of Best”	
Type		 　

(		Fixed standard, passive)		

(Fluid standard (L2Tech Standard, proactive)					3	  LCT	  Informa2on	  Arrangement	  （user-­‐oriented）
Low  Carbon  Technologies  (700)①  Change  to  environmentally  friendly  lifestyle  (e.g.  Use  of  bicycle,  car  sharing)②  Reduce  energy  demand  with  maintaining  satisfaction  (e.g.  Well-insulated  building,  Teleconference）③  Reduce  energy  consumption  with  maintaining  service  level  (e.g.  High  efficiency  air-conditioning）
High efficiency
gas turbine	

Lowcarbon  energy  utilization	

④  Low-carbon  energy  (e.g.  
Solar,  Wind,  Solar-powered  hotwater  heater,  and  CCS)

⑤  Energy  management  technology  （e.g.  demand  response  and  battery)High efficiency
centrifugal
chiller	4	Review  Process  of  the  L2-Tech  List
Collect	  informa)on	  on	  LCTCollected	  through	  papers	  etc.	  (about	  700)	

Hearing	  from	  industry	  groups	  （index	  seWng,	  reduc)on	  poten)al	  ）	Concept	  of	  L2-­‐Tech	  standard
STD	  for	  before/aZer	  commercial	  use,	  development	  goal	

Class	  of	  Table	  I	  or	  IIReﬁne	  by	  screening	Opinions	  from	  experts	  	  	Technologies	  targeted	  for	  L2-­‐Tech

Classiﬁed	  by	  index	  and	  comparability	

L2-Tech  List  （134  technologies  in  2014）5	  Example：L2-Tech  level  of  co-generation  system  Co-generation  unitGenera)on	  eﬃciency	  Fuel	  cell	  Gas	  turbine	  【Gas  engine  type】
Genera2on	  eﬃciency	 
～10kW	 10kW～100kW	 
100kW～500kW	 
500kW～1000kW	 
1000kW～3000kW	 
3000ｋW～	 %	 31.5	 
34.0	 
41.6	 
41.8	 
45.6	 49.5	 

【Gas  turbine  type】

Gas	  engine	  Genera2on	  eﬃciency	 
～3000kW	 
3000kW～5000kW	 
5000kW～7000kW	 
7000kW～10000kW	 
10000kW	  ～	 %	 28.4	 
30.4	 
39.3	 
34.3	 40.9	 

【Fuel  cell  type】
Power	  output	  Genera)on	  eﬃciency[%]	  	  	  	  	  	  	  	  	  	  	  	  	  	  	  	  	  	  	  	  	  	  	  	  	  	  	  	  	  	  	  	  	  	  42.0%	  	  6	  Example：L2-Tech  level  for  Air  conditioning
Top	  Runner	  Standard	  (HES)	  for	  Air	  condi)oning	  in	  2015	  	  (18%	  improvement	  compared	  with	  2006	  Standard)	

出典：一般社団法人日本冷凍空調工業会資料	

L2-­‐Tech	  level（For	  retail	  shops）	
Cooling	  capacity	 
～4.0kW	 
4.0kW～5.0kW	 
5.0kW～11.2kW	 
11.2kW～16.0kW	 
16.0kW～	 

L2-­‐Tech	  level（For	  	  buildings）	
APF	 
6.7	 
6.6	 
6.3	 5.9	 
5.0	 

12％

12％	  more	  eﬃcient	  than	  the	  HES

Cooling	  capacity	 
～14.0kW	 
14.0kW～16.0kW	 
16.0kW～22.4kW	 
22.4kW～	  28.0kW	 
28.0kW～33.5kW	 
33.5kW～40.0kW	 

APF	 
5.7	 
5.4	 
5.9	 
5.6	 
5.5	 
5.4	 

7％

7％ more	  eﬃcient	  than	  the	  HES7	  

Merits	  of	  L2-­‐Tech	  Brings	  InApproach to users of L2-Tech products	
Equipment	

Introduction process
by user	

L2-­‐Tech	  product	Gas	  heat	  pump	 XYZ123A-­‐4	  	・・・	・・・	Oﬀer	  informa【Increase public awareness】)on	  • MOEJ make L2-Tech List and disseminate itAwareness	【Ensure producer reliability】• Appeal performance certified by MOE.

Support	  for	  introduc)on	  and	  sales	  of	  L2-­‐Tech	  products	

Strengthensupport	 【Possibility of support】• Subsidy from revenue of CO2 tax• Support for technology development

Interest	Introduction	

8	  Promising  L2-Tech  (1)  Heat  Pump  System
Food	  Produc2on	  process	  in	  factory	  and	  hospital	  • Cooling	  around	  0℃ and	  hea)ng	  around	  100℃	  oZen	  coexist.	  Heat	  pump	  can	  increase	  eﬃciency	  and	  reduce	  CO2.	
• Obstacle	  for	  rapid	  diﬀusion	  is	  High	  ini)al	  cost.	  
AFTER	  	Before	

Cold water use	Cold water use	Hot water supply
60-90℃	

Hot water supply
60-90℃	
Food factory	Food factory	

Boiler	

Chiller	Hospital	

CO2 emissions	
Energy use by chillar：	 100	
150	
Energy use by boiler：	
250	
Total	

Hot  water Heat  pump	  tank	

Hospital	

CO2	  emissions	  	150	
Energy use by heat pump：	
150	

Total	

40％ reduction			

出典： 前川製作所

Promising  L2-Tech  (2)  High  thermal  insulation
Prevent	  heat	  loss	  from	  steam	  pipes	  in	  manufacturing	  industry	  l Heat	  loss	  due	  to	  degrada)on	  of	  insula)ng	  material	  consists	  of	  11%	  of	  total	  energy	  consump)on	  in	  manufacturing	  industry.	  	  l Applica)on	  of	  the	  Pyrogel	  XTR	  over	  exis)ng	  insula)ng	  material	  prevents	  its	  degrada)on	  l Obstacle	  for	  rapid	  diﬀusion	  of	  the	  technology	  is	  low	  priority	  of	  investment	  to	  maintenance	  of	  thermal	  insula)on.	

Reference:	  hQp://www.nichias.co.jp/products/download/PDF/M99.PDF	

10	  L2-Tech  Initiative  Roadmap
FY2014	

FY2015	

2014 List	
L2-­‐Tech	  Update &List	  Improve＋	  Cer)ﬁed	   L2-Tech
Listproducts		

L2-­‐Tech	  List	

Develop &manage
L2-TechCertification

L2-­‐Tech	  Cer)ﬁca)on	  system	

Applicant	2014	  L2-­‐Tech	  List	  compila2on	

User	Diﬀusion	  of	  leading	  technologies	

Publish
L2-TechPublish	  	  	  	  L2-­‐Tech	  List	

After FY2016	
2015 List（tentative）	

2014	  L2-­‐Tech	  Update	  of	  list	  std.	
For	  priority	  tech	  Improve	  list	Con)nu-­‐ous	  improve-­‐ment	

Launch	  and	  management	  of	  cer2ﬁca2on	  system	

Diversi-­‐ﬁed	  Cer)ﬁca-­‐)on	Brieﬁng	  in	  local	  area	  /Spread	  PR	  doc.	  
List	  archive	  for	  	  Web	  Interna2onal	  symposium	  UtilizationImplementa)on	  For this year	Publish	  based	  on	  cer)ﬁca-­‐)on	Apply	  to	  support	  11	  Joint Crediting Mechanism(JCM)

Joint Crediting Mechanism (JCM)
JCM is a new carbon market mechanism that complements
the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM).
JCM Projects in DMCs
i. Enabling GHG emission reduction and removals.
ii.Using advanced low carbon technologies

Certified GHG emission
reduction is used for hostcountry’s and Japan’starget

Financial andTechnical AssistanceJapan

Japan’s	  INDC	  (Excerpt)	
Japan’s	  INDC	  ○	  Japan’s	  INDC	  towards	  post-­‐2020	  GHG	  emission	  reduc)ons	  is	  at	  the	  level	  of	  a	  reduc)on	  of	  26%	  by	  2030	  compared	  to	  2013	  .	  
Treatment	  of	  JCM	  in	  2030	  Target	
○ The	  JCM	  is	  not	  included	  as	  a	  basis	  of	  the	  boQom-­‐up	  calcula)on	  of	  Japan’s	  emission	  reduc)on	  target,	  but	  the	  amount	  of	  emission	  reduc)ons	  and	  removals	  acquired	  by	  Japan	  under	  the	  JCM	  will	  be	  appropriately	  counted	  as	  Japan’s	  reduc)on.	  	  ○Apart	  from	  contribu)ons	  achieved	  through	  private-­‐sector	  based	  projects,	  accumulated	  emission	  reduc)ons	  or	  removals	  by	  FY	  2030	  through	  governmental	  JCM	  programs	  to	  be	  undertaken	  within	  the	  government’s	  annual	  budget	  are	  es)mated	  to	  be	  ranging	  from	  50	  to	  100	  million	  t-­‐CO2.	  	  

14	JCM	  Partner	  Countries	  Ø Japan	  has	  held	  consulta)ons	  for	  the	  JCM	  with	  developing	  countries	  since	  2011	  and	  has	  established	  the	  JCM	  with	  15	  countries	  below.	  	  Mongolia	  	  	  Jan.	  8,	  2013	  	  （Ulaanbaatar）	  Bangladesh	  Mar.	  19,	  2013	  	  (Dhaka)	

Ethiopia	  May	  27,	  2013	  	  (Addis	  	  Ababa)	  Kenya	  	  Jun.	  12,2013	  	  	  (Nairobi)	  Maldives	  	  Jun.	  29,	  2013	  (Okinawa)	  	  Viet	  Nam	  	  Jul.	  2,	  2013	  	  (Hanoi)	  Lao	  PDR	  	  Aug.	  7,	  2013	  (Vien)ane)	  Indonesia	  	  Aug.	  26,	  2013	  (Jakarta)	  Costa	  Rica	  	  Dec.	  9,	  2013	  (Tokyo)	  Palau	  	  Jan.	  13,	  2014	  (Ngerulmud)	  Cambodia	  Apr.	  11,	  2014	  (Phnom	  Penh)	  Mexico	  Jul.	  25,	  2014	  (Mexico	  City)	  Saudi	  Arabia	  	  May	  13,	  2015	  	  Chile	  May	  26,	  2015	  (San)ago)	  Myanmar	  Sep.	  16,	  2015	  (Nay	  Pyi	  Taw)	  Ø 	  7	  JCM	  projects	  have	  been	  registered	  and	  44	  projects	  have	  been	  supported	  (as	  of	  Oct	  2015).	

15	

Registered	  JCM	  Projects	  Country	Project	  	  	Indonesia	  High-­‐eﬃciency	  Centrifugal	  Chiller	  for	  Air-­‐Condi)oning	  and	  Process	  Cooling	  in	  a	  tex)le	  factory	 Indonesia	  High-­‐eﬃciency	  Refrigerator	  to	  a	  Food	  Industry	  Cold	  Storage	 Indonesia	  High-­‐eﬃciency	  Refrigerator	  to	  a	  Frozen	  Food	  Processing	  Plant	 
Palau	 

Small	  Scale	  Solar	  Power	  Plants	  for	  Commercial	  Facili)es	 

Mongolia	  High-­‐Eﬃciency	  Heat	  Only	  Boilers	  in	  a	  school	  in	  Ulaanbaatar	  City	 
Mongolia	  Centraliza)on	  of	  Heat	  Supply	  System	  by	  Installa)on	  of	  High-­‐eﬃciency	  Heat	  Only	  Boilers	  in	  public	  buildings	  in	  Bornuur	  soum	
Viet	  Nam	  Eco-­‐Driving	  by	  U)lizing	  Digital	  Tachograph	  System	16	JCM	  Financing	  programs	  by	  MOEJ	  （FY2013/2014/2015）	
Thailand: 4(3 efficient air-conditioning,chiller etc.; 1 Solar)
Bangladesh: 3(2 efficient air-conditioningetc.; 1 solar)
Myanmar: 1(waste to energy)

Mongolia: 1 (HoB)
Viet Nam: 6(3 efficient air-conditioning, chilleretc.; 1 solar)
Cambodia: 1 (LED)Palau: 3 (solar)

Kenya: 1 (solar)
Maldives: 2(1 solar, 1 micro-grid)
Laos: 1 (REDD+)
Malaysia: 1 (solar)

Mexico: 2(1 geothermal, 1 energy saving)Indonesia: 18(12 efficient air-conditioning, chiller, pumpetc.;1 solar; 1 heat pump; 1 waste toenergy; 1 LED; 1 cogeneration, 1 REDD+)

Total 13 countries, 44 projects

17	

References	  	  Japan’s	  GHG	  reduc2on	  goal	  in	  2050	
○Japan will pursue the goal of 80% reduction in GHG emission by 2050 in order to fulfill theresponsibility as an industrialized country, as is stated in the fourth Basic Environmental Plan
(revised in April 2012)○Global Environment Committee presented the picture of 80% GHG reduction in 2050 as follows:・In the end-use sector, large-scale energy saving and electrification would be realized particularly
in Building and Transportation sectors, which leads to approx. 40% reduction in final energy
consumption.
・Energy would be decarbonized, which leads to renewable energy deployment accounting forapprox. half of primary energy supply.
・200 Mt-CO2 would be captured and stored per year.

▲40%	Final	  Energy	  Consump)on	  (Mtoe)	

最終エネルギー消費量（百万石油換算トン）

350
300
250200Fleet	  Transporta
貨物輸送)on	
Passenger	  Transporta
旅客輸送)on	
Commercial	  業務
Buildings	

150Housings	家庭10050Industries	
産業

温室効果ガス排出量（百万トンCO2）
一次エネルギー供給量（最終エネルギー消費量（百万石油換算トPrimary	  Energy	  Supply	  (Mtoe)	 ン）

1,400
600
400

400

350
1,200
500
300
1,000
400
250
800

300
200
600
150
200
400
100
100
200
50

00 00
1990

2010

2050

Innovative  Energy  Saving

GHG  Emissions

Primary  Energy  Supply

1990
1990
1990

2010
2010
2010

2050
2050
2050

地熱Geothermal	  	  海洋エネルギー
Ocean	  Energy	  	  非エネルギー起源
水素
風力Wind	  Energy	  	  エネルギー転換
太陽光
熱PV	  
	  太陽熱運輸貨物部門Solar	  Thermal	  電力	  水力Hydropower	  運輸旅客部門太陽熱	  
廃棄物・廃熱Waste/Waste	  業務部門
バイオマスHeat	  バイオマス
Biomass	  家庭部門	  ガス原子力Nuclear	  産業部門	  ガス石油Gas	  	  石油石炭Oil	  
	  石炭
Coal	

1,600
1,400

GHG	  Emissions	  (MtCO2eq)	
温室効果ガス排出量（百万トンCO2）

Final  Energy  Consumption

Thorough  Deployment  of  Renewable  Energy

CCS	
CCS

1,200
Non-­‐

1,000

Energy	非エネ

800600Gas	
ガス

400200

Oil	
石油

0-200

Coal	
石炭-400
1990

2010

2050

Capture  and  Storage  of  CO2

Cited	  from:	  “Report	  on	  Policies	  and	  Measures	  beyond	  2013”	  by	  Global	  Environment	  CommiQee	  under	  the	  Central	  Environment	  Council	  (June	  2012)	

1Japan’s GHG reduction goal in 2050
○Japan will pursue the goal of 80% reduction in GHG emission by 2050 in order tofulfill the responsibility as an industrialized country, as is stated in the forth Basic
Environmental Plan (revised in April 2012)○To achieve the 80% reduction goal, global warming measures including innovative
energy efficiency and maximum use of renewable energy will be important
GHGemission (million tCO2)	
温室効果ガス排出量（億トンCO2）⽇日本の温室効果ガス排出量量と⻑⾧長期⽬目標
Japan’sGHG emission trends and the long term goal	
141400	

人口減少のみ考慮▲21%（90年比）

121200	1000	10800	
8＋温暖化対策▲80%（90年比）

600	
6400	
4The	  ﬁrst	  Oil	  crisis	
第一次オイルショック

200	
2Global	  Financial	  Crisis	
リーマンショック
第二次オイルショック
The	  
second	  Oil	  crisis	
High	  g高度成長期
rowth	  period	

Bubble	  economy	
バブル景気

0
1900

1910

1920

1930

1940

1950

1960

1970

1980

1990

2000

2010

2020

2030

2040

2050

（100歳）
（80歳）
（60歳）
（40歳）
（20歳）
（0歳）
(100)	
(80)	
(60)	
(40)	
(20)	
(0)	
（ ）内の年齢は、The	  number	  in	  the	  parentheses	  (	  )	  represents	  t各年に生まれた人が2050年をhe	  age	  of	  the	  person	  in	  2050	  who	  迎えたとborn	  in	  tきの年齢。
he	  year	  above	

Energy	  originated	  CO2	  emissions	  (US	  DOE	  Oak	  Ridge	  Na)onal	  Laboratory)	
エネルギー起源CO2排出量（米国エネルギー省
オークリッジ国立研究所）
Energy	  originated	  CO2	  emissions	  (IEA)	
エネルギー起源CO2排出量（国際エネルギー機関）
Energy	  originated	  CO2	  emissions	  (Ministry	  of	  the	  Environment	  Japan)	
エネルギー起源CO2排出量（環境省）
温室効果ガス排出量（環境省）
GHG	  emissions	  (Ministry	  of	  the	  Environment	  Japan)	

2