令和4年度入学試験間題（選抜II期）
樹学部。薬学部鬱保健医療学部

英 語（必須）数 学。国 語（数学もしくは国語どちらか ー 教科選択）
英m～回
m～回 IT]m～回

語
歯学部・薬学部（ 1~1 2ペ ー ジ）

保健医療学部
全学科
数

国，学
歯学部・薬学部
保健医療学部
全学科( 1~8,13~15ペ ー ジ）

（16~17ペ ー ジ）

m9 回， 回～国語
歯学部・薬学部

曰～囚(16,18ペ ー ジ）

(19~28ペ ー ジ）

保健医療学部
全学科〔注意事項〕
1 試験時間2

8時30分から10時30分まで

試験問題（冊子， 下書き用紙付き）

3 解答用紙

英語1枚

数学1枚

1部
国語l枚

4 解答用紙の受験番号記入欄に受験番号を， 氏名記入欄に氏名を記入して下さい。
5 下書き用紙と試験問題冊子の余白は， 採点には全く関係しませんので， 計算， 下書き等に自由に使用して差し支えありません。
6

解答は所定の解答欄に記入して下さい。

7

途中退場(1) 退場は試験開始後80分までは許可しません。 80分以降は途中退場可能ですが， 試験終了の5分前からも許可しません。
(2)

受験中に緊急な事態が生じた場合は， 挙手し監督者の指示に従って下さい。

(3) 退場の際は挙手し監督者の許可を得てから， 受験票及び所持品を携行の上退場して下さい。
(4) 休憩のための退場は認めません。
8 試験終了後は解答用紙のみ提出して下さい。， この問題冊子と下書き用紙は持ち帰って下さい。
◇Ml (571-1)

田次の対話を読み，（1)~ (5)に入る最も適切なものを選択肢の中からそれぞれ1つずつ選び，記号で答えなさい。

[ＡJ [ＢJ[ＣJ許諾不可の為、削除

5◇Ml (571-6)

[DJClaire:Hi, Nolan. Hey, where's the new TV? I thought you were going to buy one.

Nolan:(Claire:So you haven't decided which one you want yet?

4)(Material from: 'AUTHOR, TITLE, published[YEAR][publisher - as it appears

on our copyright page] reproduced with permission of SNCSC'.)A. Yes, I have. That was a surprise.
B. No. I paid around 1, 000 dollars.
C. I was, but there are so many.
D. Well, it's more expensive, that's for certain.

[E]

K ate: I've just got this one bag.
Rob:

Wow! Do you always travel so light?

K ate: Yeah. Can't stand the wait, you know, at the airport...
Rob:Yeah, I lmow. My bag's really heavy. But it's got wheels, so I don't have to carry it.

K ate: (5), you know, waiting for your cases to come out on the belt.

(Reproduced with permission of The Licensor through PLSclear.)

A. I couldn't agree more
B. Yes, I'd like to see
C. No, I mean the waiting
D. Yeah, that's right6◇Ml (571-7)

回 次の文章を読み，以下の設間に答えなさい。
許諾不可の為、削除

7 -◇Ml (571-8)

- 8◇Ml (571-9)

……歯学部・薬学部のみ解答（回） ……

田次の文章を読み，以下の設間に答えなさい。
[ 1]

On August 14, 1996, Karen Wetterhahn, a toxicologist and professor of chemistry at
Dartmouth College, spilled a tiny drop of dimethylmercury* on her left hand. Wetterhahn
was an expert on how toxic metals cause cancer once they penetrate cell walls. Whenshe spilled the poisonous drop in her lab, she thought nothing of it; she was wearing
rubber gloves.

What she didn't lmow killed her.

enough to penetrate the glove.

The dimethylmercury was volatile

Five months later Wetterhahn became ill.

After three

weeks in a hospital, she slipped into a coma*. She died five months later. She was 48years old, a wife and mother of two. The poison had eaten away her brain cells, one ofher doctors said. How could such a brilliant toxicologist come to such an end?
[ 2]

You might say that a toxicologist studies substances }tjaf lead to death. But toxicology
is also about life. What can kill, can cure. Said Paracelsus, a 16th-century German-Swissdoctor: "All substances are poisons; there is none which is not a poison. The right dose
separates a poison from a remedy." 匹�- Toxicology and pharmacology(1)
are linked and cannot be separated.

[ 3]

Consider arsenic*, the poison of kings and king of poisons. Small amounts taken over along stretch produce weakness and confusion.

Take less than 2. 8 grams at once anddeath can occur. Because it is colorless, tasteless, and odorless, arsenic was the poison ofchoice for the Borgias, the Italian Renaissance family skilled at murder, as well as for
Hieronyma Spara, a 17th-century Roman businesswoman who ran a school Jll<tt. taught
wealthy young wives how t 辿止立主� their husbands and become wealthy young widows.
�)[ 4] From death to life: In the fifth century B.C., Hippocrates used arsenic to treat ulcers.
It became an ingredient in Fowler's solution, created in 1786 and used for more than 150years to treat all kinds of illnesses, including cancer. In 1890 William Osier, founder ofmodern medical education, pronounced arsenic the best drug for leukemia*, and today itremains an effective chemotherapy* agent for forms of the disease.

So is arsenic apoison or a drug?
[ 5]"It's both," says Joshua Hamilton, professor of toxicology and pharmacology atDartmouth. The answer depends on whether you ask a murderer or a doctor.

[ 6]

Poisons surround us. It's not just too much of a bad thing like arsenic that can cause
trouble, it's too much of nearly anything. Too much vitamin A can cause liver damage.
Too much water can disrupt brain, heart, and muscle function. Even oxygen has a badside. Oxygen combines with food to produce energy, but our bodies also produce oxygen
radicals - atoms that damage our DNA,and cause us to grow old.

- 9 -◇Ml (571-10)

[7]As if everyday poisons aren't enough to worry about, there are nature's more exotic
hazards. It's a jungle out there. There are 1, 200 kinds of poisonous marine organisms,(3)

700 poisonous fish, 400 snakes, 60 ticks*, 200 spiders, 750 poisons in more than 1, 000
plant species, and several birds whose feathers are toxic when touched.
[ 8]

Why don't more of us die of poisoning? Because our bodies are designed to protect us
from both natural and man-made toxins. The first line of defense, sldn, is so waterproof
that only the smallest molecules can get through.

Our senses warn us of poisonous

substances; if they fail, there is vomiting as backup.

Finally, there is the liver, whichturns poisons into wastes that can be washed out of our bodies. Poisons only harm us
when they reach a certain dose.
[ 9]

Mike Gallo, a toxicologist, lmows this principle from the inside out*. Literally. Gallo isan associate director at the Cancer Institute of New Jersey in New Brunswick.

InFebruary 2004, at 64, he was diagnosed with cancer. Two weeks later, he became both
toxicologist and patient at the cancer institute. His doctor put him on a four-month diet of
toxins, also lmown as chemotherapy, and he began treatment in a clinic four floors downfrom his office. Gallo was lucky. His red hair fell out, and he took on the alien look ofchemotherapy. But tiredness and the typical drop in blood-cell count aside, he continued
working through the treatment.
[10]

It's these pieces of toxicology - the matter of difference, the question of how much or
how little, the line between lulling and curing

了 止五Gallo loves so much as a scientist.

4)
They are the heart of toxicology and thus of poison. "Toxicology gives you the chance tounderstand biology," he says. Toxicology also saved his life. Six months and thousandsof milligrams of toxic drugs later, Gallo's doctor gave him the all-clear.
[11]

The tale of two toxicologists ends tragically for one, happily for the other.

Karen

Wetterhahn lost her life to poison. Michael Gallo owes his life to it.
[12]"I could have been a dead man," Gallo says, "Thank God for toxicity."(Cengage Learning Inc. Reproduced by permission. www.cengage.com/permissions)
く注＞dimethylmercury．

arsenic
tick

ヒ素

ダニ

ジメチル水銀leukemia

白血病

from the inside outcoma

昏睡（状態）

chemotherapy

化学療法

完全に ， 徹底的に

1. 本文のタイトルとして最も適切なものを1つ選び， 記号で答えなさい。
A. Dimethylmercm-y and Arsenic
B. The Evolution of Toxicology
C. The Poison Paradox
D. Frontiers in Pharmacology- 10 -◇Ml (571-11)□期選抜Il
国喜 文章を読んで、後の問 に答えなさい。

五口＿＝ロという一文を読んで、これは論理的な文章であり、後 段は同義語の今 日も雨だ、天気が悪い」「反復だと解釈する人は 、国語が分かっているとは言えない。前 段は確かに叙事的な表現だが、後とい ぅ Lし鳳—」 的な感 想 だと読む のが、常 識 だろ
気が滅 入 る」「だか ら鬱 陶しい 」
段の真意は 「゜{ノ文部科学省は、生 徒の論理的な国語力の向上を目 指す傍 ら、主体的な表現能力の育成 を図ると論理して、 2022年 度か ら高 校国語の新しい 学習 指導 要 領を実施する。その目 玉が選 択 科目 「国語」の新設で、従 来の名文読解の指導 、教 師 が読み 方を教え込 む教 育か ら、生 徒に考えさ せる教育への転 換だと言われる。これには文学関 係者の危 惧が強く、特 に近 代文学の名作の軽視 につ一、冷 静に考えると、新政策の真の問 題点は、その結 果、夏目 漱 石や森鴫外が忘れらながるとい う批判が、文学を研 究する十六の学会か ら出された。
一②

れるとい うことにあるのではない 。文豪は知らなくても、正確に企業の報 告書が書け、新聞記事が読め る人 材が増 えれば、公教 育の最 低基準 は満 たさ れ たと言 え るか らであ る。む し ろ大 問 題は、文科省そのものが言葉の本 質を正確に捉え、現場の教 員に迷いない言語観と教育法を伝えて一的な言葉との関 係は、冒 頭に述べたように複 雑微＿は、すでに「論理国語」
とい う用 語法自体に表れてい る。百 歩譲ってそれを叙事的ないるかどうかにある。
一③
言葉と理解しても、それと反対語の一①

妙である。一方、大 衆的な流 行語は「カ ワイイ」とか「ヤバ イ」とか‘L し屑—」な述懐の氾濫を見せている折から、「論理国語」がその撲滅 を意図してい るなら理解できるが、そうい う気配も感じられない。
何よりも文科省の言語観の浅 薄が感じられるのは、生 徒の表現能力を過 信し、自由な発表活 動を教 育の中 心に据えようとしていることである。人 間は自由に感じたり、考えたりしたことを話すのではなく、まず言葉を与えられ、それによって物 事を感 じ、考える存在であることが、ここではまった＜忘れられてい る。さらには、表現とい う営み が極 度に安 易に捉えられ、言葉を知 らない乳幼児でもできる、む ずかりや甘えと同程度にしか理解されていないと言うべきだろう。
乳幼児のむ ずかりや甘えは1 対lの相 手に向かい、肉 体能力の届く範 囲において直 接的に発せ

1 9＇ー言 ー◇ M l (57 1ー 20)られる。その際、 コミ ュニケ ーシ ョンの責任はもっばら相 手にあって、乳幼児が誤解の責任を取Dることはない 。実は言語活 動はあらゆる点でこれと正反対の構造を持 ち、人 に正反対の努力を求教育 の責務め るものなのである。

読解力向 上|