J. Inst. Electrostat. Jpn.                            㟼㟁ẼᏛ఍ㄅ㸪34, 1 (2010) 2530ㄽ   ᩥ㟼㟁ᚤ⢏Ꮚ໬ࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ࢚࣐ࣝࢩࣙࣥ⏕ᡂ㟷 ᮌ ༤ ๎*㸪ᰩ ⏣ ᘯ ྐ*, Thierry PAILLAT**, 㧗 ᓥ ࿴ ๎*㸪Ỉ 㔝ᙲ*,1(2009 ᖺ 8 ᭶ 3 ᪥ཷ௜, 2010 ᖺ 1 ᭶ 22 ᪥ཷ⌮)An Emulsification Method Using Electrostatic Atomization
Hironori AOKI*, Hirofumi KURITA*, Thierry PAILLAT**,
Kazunori TAKASHIMA* and Akira MIZUNO*,1(Received August 2, 2009; Accepted January 22, 2010)

Droplet-based micro-reactor systems have been investigated by many researchers and used for biochemical andcombinatorial applications. In these applications, individual water droplets in oil perform as micro-reactors. Magneticstirrer and homogenizer have been used conventionally to produce water droplets in oil. However these methods havea risk of contamination and require a certain amount of sample volume. In the present study, a method to produce
water droplets into oil using electrostatic field has been experimented. Electrostatic atomization was used to produce
charged water droplets into oil. Our method can control the size of water droplets by adjusting the applied D.C. highvoltage and these water droplets are stable without a surfactant due to electrical charge. In addition, these droplets
formed a regular array in oil by the repulsive force due to the electrical charge. Our method will be used for biologicaland combinatorial tools.
1.

ࣥࡀᙧᡂࡉࢀࡿࡀ㸪ᶵᮦࡢ⧞ࡾ㏉ࡋ౑⏝࡟ࡼࡿࢥࣥࢱ࣑ࢿ࣮ࡣࡌࡵ࡟

㏆ᖺ㸪ࣂ࢖࢚࢜ࣥࢪࢽ࢔ࣜࣥࢢ࡟࠾࠸࡚Ἔ୰Ỉ⁲࡬ࡢ㛵ᚰࢩࣙࣥࡀᠱᛕࡉࢀࡿ㸬ࡑࢀ࡟ᑐࡋ࡚㸪㟼㟁Ẽຊࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ᪂ࡋࡀ㧗ࡲࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬Ἔ୰ᾮ⁲ࢆ⏝࠸ࡿࡇ࡜࡛㸪ᚤᑠ࡞✵㛫࡛཯࠸ங໬ἲࡶ㛤Ⓨࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬୍⯡ⓗ࡞㟁Ẽங໬ἲࡣ㸪㔠ᒓ࢟ᛂࢆ⾜࠺ࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁ㸪ෆ㒊ࡢᇶ㉁⃰ᗘࡀ➼౯ⓗ࡟㧗⃰ᗘ࡜࡞ᇶᮏⓗࣕࣆ࣮ࣛࣜࢆἜ┦࡟ධࢀࡓ≧ែ࡛ங໬ࡍࡿ᪉ἲ 79)࡛㸪ࡿࡓࡵ໬Ꮫ཯ᛂࡀ㧗ຠ⋡໬ࡉࢀࡿ㸬ࡲࡓಶࠎࡢᾮ⁲ࢆ࣐࢖ࢡ࡟ࡣΰྜ㐣⛬ࢆ㟼㟁Ẽຊ࡟ࡼࡾ㥑ືࡍࡿࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪ࣟࣜ࢔ࢡࢱ࣮࡜⪃࠼ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁ㸪㧗⏕⏘ᛶࡸ┬ࢫ࣮࣌ࢫ໬㔠ᒓ࢟ࣕࣆ࣮ࣛࣜࢆ⏝࠸ࡎ࡟㸪ࣉࣛࢫࢳࢵࢡࢳ࣮ࣗࣈࡢእ13)

ࡀ࠶ࡿ㸬ࡇࡢస⏝ࢆ฼⏝ࡋࡓ౛࡜ࡋ࡚㸪1 ศᏊ㒊࡟㟁ᴟࢆタ⨨ࡋ㸪஺ὶ㧗㟁ᅽࢆ༳ຍࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡛ங໬ࡍࡿ

ࡢ᰾㓟 DNA, RNA ࢆቑᖜࡉࡏࡿ 1 ศᏊ PCR polymerase᪉ἲ 10,11)ࡶ㛤Ⓨࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ࡇࡢ᪉ἲ࡛ࡣ㸪ୖグࡢࡼ࠺࡞chain reaction ࡞࡝ࡀᣲࡆࡽࢀࡿ 4,5)㸬

ᶵᲔⓗ࡞᪉ἲࡢḞⅬࢆඞ᭹ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ࡋ࠿ࡋ㸪࠸ࡎࢀࡢ᪉

࡞࡝ࡢ฼Ⅼ௦⾲ⓗ࡞Ἔ୰ᾮ⁲⏕ᡂἲ࡜ࡋ࡚㸪࢚࣐ࣝࢩࣙࣥ໬ࡀᣲࡆࡽἲ࡛ࡶ㛗᫬㛫Ᏻᐃࡋࡓ࢚࣐ࣝࢩࣙࣥࢆᙧᡂࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟⏺

ࢀࡿ㸬࢚࣐ࣝࢩࣙࣥࡣศᩓ㉁࣭ศᩓ፹ඹ࡟ᾮయ࡛㸪୧⪅ࢆΰ㠃άᛶ๣ࡢ౑⏝ࢆ㑊ࡅࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁ࡞࠸ࡢࡀ⌧≧࡛࠶ࡿ㸬ྜࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡛ᙧᡂࡉࢀࡿศᩓ⣔⁐ᾮ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬ங໬ἲࡣ㸪⮬↛ᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣ㸪㟼㟁ᚤ⢏໬ࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ࢚࣐ࣝࢩࣙࣥࡢ⏕ᡂࢆヨ6)ங໬࡜ᶵᲔⓗங໬࡟኱ู࡛ࡁࡿ 㸬⮬↛ங໬࡜ࡣ㸪እ㒊࠿ࡽࡳࡓ㸬㟼㟁ᚤ⢏໬࡜ࡣ㸪⁐ᾮ࡟㟁ᅽࢆ༳ຍࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡛㸪㟼㟁ࡢ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ࢆᚲせ࡜ࡏࡎ࡟⮬Ⓨⓗ࡟ங໬ࡀ㐍ࡴࡇ࡜࡛࠶

Ẽຊࡀ⾲㠃ᙇຊ࡟ᡴࡕ຾ࡘࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡾ㸪⾲㠃࠿ࡽᑠࡉ࡞ᾮ⁲ࡿ㸬ࡑࢀ࡟ᑐࡋ࡚㸪ᶵᲔⓗங໬ࡣእ㒊࠿ࡽ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ࢆຍࢃ

࡬࡜ศ⿣ࢆ㉳ࡇࡍ⌧㇟ 12)࡛㸪ᐜ᫆࡟ᆒ୍࡞ᚤᑠᾮ⁲ࢆᚓࡿࡇ࠼ࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ங໬ࢆ⾜࠺ࡶࡢ࠶ࡿ㸬౛࠼ࡤ㸪࣐ࢢࢿࢸ࢕࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿ㸬㟼㟁ᚤ⢏໬ࡢ࡯࡜ࢇ࡝ࡣᾮ̺Ẽ⣔࡛⾜ࢃࢀ࡚࠸ࢵࢡࢫࢱ࣮࣮ࣛ࡞࡝ࢆ౑⏝ࡋࡓங໬ࡀ୍⯡ⓗ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬ࡇࡢ᪉ࡿ 13,14)ࡀ㸪ᾮ㸫ᾮ⣔࡛ࡢሗ࿌ࡶ࠶ࡿ 79)㸬ᾮ㸫Ẽ⣔࡜ẚ㍑ࡋ㸪ἲ࡛ࡣ㸪࠶ࡿ⛬ᗘࡢ⁐ᾮ㔞 (ᑡ࡞ࡃ࡜ࡶ 1 mL) ࡛࢚࣐ࣝࢩࣙᾮ㸫ᾮ⣔࡛ࡣẚ㍑ⓗప࠸㟁ᅽ࡛ᚤ⢏໬ࡀྍ⬟࡛㸪⏕ᡂࡉࢀࡓ࣮࣮࢟࣡ࢻ㸸ᾮ⁲, 㟼㟁ᚤ⢏໬, ࢚࣐ࣝࢩࣙࣥ, ࣂ࢖࢜ࢸࢡࣀࣟࢪ࣮࡬ࡢᛂ⏝* ㇏ᶫᢏ⾡⛉Ꮫ኱Ꮫ࢚ࢥࣟࢪ࣮ᕤᏛ⣔㸦4418580 ឡ▱┴㇏ᶫᕷኳ఑⏫㞼㞛ࣨୣ 11㸧Department of Ecological Engineering, Toyohashi University ofTechnology, 11 Hibarigaoka, Tennpaku, Toyohashi, Aichi
4418580, Japan** Laboratoire d’Etudes Aerodynamiques, University of poitiers,
Boulevard Marie & Pierre CURIE-Teleport 2, BP 30179,
F86962 FUTUROSCOPE CEDEX FRANCE
1
mizuno@eco.tut.ac.jpᾮ⁲ࡢ⢏ᚄไᚚࡀᐜ᫆࠿ࡘ⢏ᚄศᕸࡀ⊃ࡃṇつศᕸ࡟㏆࠸࡞࡝ࡢ≉ᚩࡀ࠶ࡿ 15)㸬ᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣ㸪Ỉ㸫Ἔ⣔࡟࠾ࡅࡿ㟼㟁ᚤ⢏໬ࢆ⏝࠸࡚࢚࣐ࣝࢩࣙࣥࢆᙧᡂࡍࡿ᪉ἲ࡟ࡘ࠸᳨࡚ウࡋࡓ㸬Ἔ┦ࡢእ㒊࡜Ỉ┦㛫࡟┤ὶ㟁⏺ࢆ༳ຍࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡛ᾮ⁲ࢆ⏕ᡂ࡛ࡁࡓࡇ࡜ࢆሗ࿌ࡍࡿ㸬ࡇࡢ᪉ἲࢆ⏝࠸ࡿࡇ࡜࡛㸪㟼㟁ᚤ⢏໬࡜ྠᵝ࡟༳ຍ㟁ᅽ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ᾮ⁲ࡢ⢏ᚄࢆࢥࣥࢺ࣮࡛ࣟࣝࡁ㸪ࡲࡓ⏺㠃άᛶ๣ࢆ౑⏝ࡏࡎ࡟ᾮ⁲ྠኈࡢ⼥ྜࡀᢚไࡉࡏࡿࡇ࡜ࡀྍ⬟࡛࠶ࡗࡓ㸬㟼㟁ẼᏛ఍ㄅ ➨ 34 ᕳ ➨ 1 ྕ㸦2010㸧

26
2.

ᐇ㦂᪉ἲ

Milli-Q water(pure water)

2.1 ᾮ⁲⏕ᡂ⿦⨨

Stainless wireᅗ 1 ࡟ᐇ㦂⿦⨨ᅗࢆ♧ࡍ㸬ෆᚄ 500 µm ࡢ࢞ࣛࢫ࢟ࣕࣆ࣮ࣛࣜ (G-1, ࢼࣜࢩࢤ)ࡢෆഃ࡟㸪ෆᚄ 100 µm ࡢ࢞ࣛࢫ࢟ࣕࣆ

Pasteur pipette࣮ࣛࣜ (እᚄ 200 µm, WBV03A, GL ࢧ࢖࢚ࣥࢫ)ࡲࡓࡣෆᚄ
Silicone tube
Glass capillary
Silicone oil(100cSt)

50 µm ࡢ࢞ࣛࢫ࢟ࣕࣆ࣮ࣛࣜ (እᚄ 150 µm, FAP02A, GL ࢧ࢖࢚ࣥࢫ)ࢆ⇕⼥╔ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡛㸪ୖ➃࡜ୗ➃ࡢᚄࡀ␗࡞ࡿ࢞ࣛࢫ
࢟ࣕࣆ࣮ࣛࣜࢆస〇ࡋࡓ㸬ᅗ 2 ࡟࢞ࣛࢫ࢟ࣕࣆ࣮ࣛࣜඛ➃ࡢ

Plastic petri dishAluminum plate᩿㠃ᅗࡢ SEM ീࢆ♧ࡍ㸬ࢩࣜࢥ࣮ࣥࢳ࣮ࣗࣈࢆ௓ࡋ࡚࢞ࣛࢫ࢟ࣕࣆ࣮ࣛࣜࡢୖ➃ࢆࣃࢫࢶ࣮ࣝࣆ࣌ࢵࢺ࡟ᅛᐃࡋࡓ㸬ࡇࡢࣃࢫࢶ࣮ࣝࣆ࣌ࢵࢺࡢୖ㒊࠿ࡽ Milli-Q Ỉ (㉸⣧Ỉ㸪㟁Ẽ᢬ᢠ⋡ 1.8 GΩm) 32 µL ࢆ඘ሸࡋ㸪᥋ᆅ㟁ᴟ࡜ࡋ࡚ࢫࢸࣥࣞࢫᅗ 1 ᐇ㦂⿦⨨ᅗ㸦እ㒊㟁ᴟᆺ㸧

⥺(I 0.3 mm)ࢆᤄධࡋࡓ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪ࣉࣛࢫࢳࢵࢡ〇ࡢࢩ࣮ࣕࣞ (IFig. 1 Experimental setup (External electrode type).

30 mm)ෆ࡟ࢩࣜࢥ࣮ࣥ࢜࢖ࣝ (KF96-1-100, ಙ㉺ࢩࣜࢥ࣮ࣥ,⢓ᗘ 100 cSt, 㟁Ẽ᢬ᢠ⋡ 1 TΩm ௨ୖ) 3 mL ࢆධࢀ㸪ࡑࡢ୰ᚰ࡟࢞ࣛࢫ࢟ࣕࣆ࣮ࣛࣜࢆᤄධࡋࡓ㸬
2.2 㟁ᴟࡢ఩⨨ࡀᾮ⁲⏕ᡂ࡟୚࠼ࡿᙳ㡪ᅗ 3 ࡟ࢩ࣮ࣕࣞ௜㏆ࡢヲ⣽ᅗࢆ♧ࡍ㸬ᅗ 3 (a)࡟እ㒊㟁ᴟᆺ

200μm

100μm
100μm

ࡢᵓᡂࢆ♧ࡍ㸬ࢩ࣮ࣕࣞࡢᗏ㠃ࡢእ㒊࡟࢔࣑ࣝࢽ࣒࢘ᯈࢆタ⨨ࡋ㸪㧗㟁ᅽ㟁ᴟ࡜ࡋࡓ㸬ᅗ 3 (b)࡟ෆ㒊㟁ᴟᆺࡢᵓᡂࢆ♧ࡍ㸬ࢩ࣮ࣕࣞࡢᗏ㠃ࡢෆ㒊࡟࢔࣑ࣝࢽ࣒࢘ᯈࢆタ⨨ࡋ㸪㧗㟁ᅽ㟁ᴟ࡜ࡋࡓ㸬୧⪅ࢆẚ㍑ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡛㧗㟁ᅽ㟁ᴟࡢ఩⨨ࡀᾮ⁲⏕ᡂ࡟୚࠼ࡿᙳ㡪࡟ࡘ࠸᳨࡚ウࡋࡓ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪ࢩ࣮ࣕࣞࡢཌࡉࡣ
0.8 mm㸪࢟ࣕࣆ࣮ࣛࣜࡢඛ➃࠿ࡽᗏ㠃ࡲ࡛ࡢ㊥㞳ࢆ 4 mm ࡜ᅗ 2 ࢞ࣛࢫ࢟ࣕࣆ࣮ࣛࣜඛ➃ࡢ᩿㠃ᅗࡋࡓ㸬㟁※࡟ࡣ┤ὶ㧗㟁ᅽ㟁※ (HAR-30R10, ᯇᐃࣉࣞࢩࢪFig. 2 SEM image of cross-section view of top of theࣙࣥ)ࢆ౑⏝ࡋࡓ㸬

glass capillary.

2.3 ᾮ⁲ࡀ⏕ᡂࡉࢀࡿ᭱ᑠ㟁ᅽᾮ⁲ࡀ⏕ᡂࡉࢀࡿ᭱ᑠ༳ຍ㟁ᅽ࡟ࡘ࠸᳨࡚ウࢆ⾜ࡗࡓ㸬ᅗGlass capillary

3 (a)ࡢእ㒊㟁ᴟᆺࡢᐇ㦂⿦⨨ࢆ⏝࠸㸪༳ຍ㟁ᅽࢆ 0 kV ࠿ࡽ

0.8mm
4mm

ᚎࠎ࡟ୖ᪼ࡉࡏ㸪ᾮ⁲ࡀ⏕ᡂࡉࢀࡿ᭱ᑠ㟁ᅽࢆ ᐃࡋࡓ㸬ࡇ5mmࡇ࡛ࡣ㸪࢟ࣕࣆ࣮ࣛࣜෆᚄ 50 µm ࡜ 100 µm ࡢሙྜ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚Aluminum plate

Glass capillary
0.8mm
4mm

5mm

Aluminum plateࡑࢀࡒࢀ᭱ᑠ㟁ᅽࢆ ᐃࡋࡓ㸬
2.4 ᾮ⁲⏕ᡂࡢᵝᏊ ᾮ⁲ࡀ⏕ᡂࡉࢀࡿᵝᏊࢆ㸪ࢹࢪࢱ࣐ࣝ࢖ࢡࣟࢫࢥ࣮ࣉ

(a)         ᅗ 3 ࢩ࣮ࣕࣞ௜㏆ࡢヲ⣽ᅗ(VH-5000, ࣮࢚࢟ࣥࢫ)ࢆ⏝࠸࡚ほᐹࡋࡓ㸬ᅗ 3 (a)ࡢእ㒊㟁ᴟ(a) እ㒊㟁ᴟᆺ, (b) ෆ㒊㟁ᴟᆺ㸬ᆺࡢᐇ㦂⿦⨨ࢆ⏝࠸࡚㸪࢟ࣕࣆ࣮ࣛࣜෆᚄ 100 µm㸪༳ຍ㟁ᅽ  Fig. 3 Details of each adjacent petri dish.

3 kV ࡢሙྜ࡟࠾࠸࡚ᾮ⁲⏕ᡂࡢᵝᏊࢆほᐹࡋࡓ㸬(b)(a) External electrode type, (b) Internal electrode type.

2.5 㟁ᅽ༳ຍ࡟ࡼࡿࢩࣜࢥ࣮ࣥ࢜࢖ࣝࡢᣲື
㟁ᅽ༳ຍ࡟ࡼࡿࢩࣜࢥ࣮ࣥ࢜࢖ࣝࡢᣲືࢆほᐹࡋࡓ㸬ᅗ 3ຍࡋࡓ࡜ࡁࡢᾮ⁲ࡢ⢏⤒ࢆ ᐃࡋࡓ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪⏕ᡂࡋࡓᾮ⁲ࡢ(a)ࡢእ㒊㟁ᴟᆺࡢᐇ㦂⿦⨨ࢆ⏝࠸㸪ࢩࣜࢥ࣮ࣥ࢜࢖ࣝ࡟ᚤ㔞⢏ᚄ࡟ཬࡰࡍ༳ຍ㟁ᅽ࡜࢟ࣕࣆ࣮ࣛࣜෆᚄࡢᙳ㡪ࡶㄪ࡭ࡓ㸬ࡢࢼ࢖ࣟࣥࣃ࢖ࣝࢆΰྜࡋࡓࡶࡢࢆࢩ࣮ࣕࣞ࡟ධࢀ㸪༳ຍ㟁ᾮ⁲ࡢ⢏ᚄศᕸࡢ ᐃࡣ㸪ࢹࢪࢱ࣐ࣝ࢖ࢡࣟࢫࢥ࣮ࣉࢆ⏝࠸ᅽࢆ㸪ᾮ⁲ࡀ⏕ᡂࡉࢀ࡞࠸ 0.8 kV ࡜ࡋࡓ࡜ࡁࡢ࢜࢖ࣝࡢᣲື

࡚㸪௵ពࡢᾮ⁲ 100 ಶࡢ⢏ᚄࢆ ᐃࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡾ⾜ࡗࡓ㸬ࢆほᐹࡋࡓ㸬
2.6 ᾮ⁲ࡢ⢏ᚄศᕸ
ᅗ 3 (a)ࡢእ㒊㟁ᴟᆺࡢᐇ㦂⿦⨨ࢆ⏝࠸㸪28 kV ࡢ㟁ᅽࢆ༳

2.7 ᾮ⁲ࡢᅇ཰᪉ἲࡢ᳨ウᅗ 3 (a)ࡢእ㒊㟁ᴟᆺࢆ⏝࠸࡚㸪2 kV ࡢ㟁ᅽࢆ༳ຍࡋᾮ
⁲ࢆ⏕ᡂࡋࡓ㸬㟁ᅽ༳ຍᚋ࡟ࢩ࣮ࣕࣞࢆ㧗㟁ᅽ㟁ᴟ࠿ࡽ㞳㟼㟁ᚤ⢏໬ࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ࢚࣐ࣝࢩࣙࣥ⏕ᡂ㸦㟷ᮌ༤๎ࡽ㸧ࡍࡇ࡜࡛⛣ືࡍࡿᾮ⁲ࡢᣲືࢆほᐹࡋ㸪ᾮ⁲ࡢᅇ཰࡬ࡢᛂ

(A)

27(C)

(B)

⏝ࢆ᳨ウࡋࡓ㸬3.

⤖ᯝ࣭⪃ᐹ

3.1 㟁ᴟࡢ఩⨨ࡀᾮ⁲⏕ᡂ࡟୚࠼ࡿᙳ㡪200μm

ᅗ 4 ࡟⏕ᡂࡉࢀࡓᾮ⁲ࡢᣑᩓࡢᵝᏊࢆ♧ࡍ㸬ᅗ 4 (a)࡟♧ࡍ

200μm0 sࡼ࠺࡟㸪እ㒊㟁ᴟᆺࡢᐇ㦂⿦⨨ࢆ⏝࠸ࡓሙྜ㸪⏕ᡂࡉࢀࡓᾮ⁲ࡀ࢟ࣕࣆ࣮ࣛࣜࢆ୰ᚰ࡜ࡋ࡚ᨺᑕ≧࡟ᣑᩓࡋ㸪ࢩ࣮ࣕࣞࡢ

(D)

200μm

0.03 s(E)0.06 s(F)ᗏ㠃࡟つ๎ⓗ࡟㓄⨨ࡉࢀ㸪Ἔ୰࡟ࡣᾮ⁲ࡣᏑᅾࡋ࡞࠿ࡗࡓ㸬୍᪉㸪ෆ㒊㟁ᴟᆺࡢᐇ㦂⿦⨨ࢆ⏝࠸ࡓሙྜ (ᅗ 4 (b))㸪࢟ࣕࣆ࣮ࣛࣜ࠿ࡽ⏕ᡂࡉࢀࡓᾮ⁲ࡀ㧗㟁ᅽ㟁ᴟ࡟ゐࢀࡓᚋ㸪࢟ࣕࣆ࣮ࣛࣜ᪉ྥ࡬⛣ືࡋ㸪ࡑࡢ኱㒊ศࡣἜ┦୰࡛ὶືࡋ࡚࠸ࡓ㸬200μmࡲࡓ㸪ࡇࢀࡽࡢᾮ⁲ࡢ୍㒊ࡀ஫࠸࡟⼥ྜࡋ኱ࡁ࡞ᾮ⁲ࢆᙧᡂࡍࡿᵝᏊࡶほᐹࡉࢀࡓ㸬እ㒊㟁ᴟᆺࡢሙྜࡣ㸪⏕ᡂࡋࡓᾮ⁲ࡣ㟁Ⲵࢆಖᣢࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡓࡵ㸪ᾮ⁲㛫ࡢ㟼㟁Ẽⓗ᩺ຊ࡜㧗㟁ᅽ㟁ᴟ࡬ࡢ㟼㟁Ẽⓗᘬຊ

200μm

0.09 s0.12 s200μm

0.15 s ᅗ 5 ᾮ⁲ࡀ⏕ᡂࡉࢀࡿᵝᏊ࡜ᶍᘧᅗ ࢟ࣕࣆ࣮ࣛࣜෆᚄ: 100 µm㸬

࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ᾮ⁲ࡀࢩ࣮ࣕࣞࡢᗏ㠃ୖ࡟➼㛫㝸࡛ศᕸࡋࡓ≧ែ

Fig. 5 Generation process of droplets and pattern diagram.

ࢆ⥔ᣢࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿ㸬ࡋ࠿ࡋ㸪ෆ㒊㟁ᴟᆺࡢሙྜࡣ㸪

Inner diameter of capillary: 100 µm.

ᾮ⁲ࡀෆ㒊࡟タ⨨ࡉࢀࡓ㟁ᴟ࡟ゐࢀࡿࡇ࡜࡛㟁Ⲵࢆኻ࠸㸪Ἔ┦୰࡛㟼㟁Ẽⓗ᩺ຊࡀാ࠿࡞࠸ࡓࡵ㸪ᾮ⁲ࡀἜ┦୰ࢆὶືࡋ㸪࡟ᘬࡃ㟼㟁Ẽຊࡀቑຍࡍࡿ㸬㏫࡟㸪ෆᚄࡀ኱ࡁࡃ࡞ࡿ࡜᩿㠃ᾮ⁲ࡢ⼥ྜࡀ⏕ࡌࡿࡶࡢ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿ㸬✚ࡀ኱ࡁࡃ࡞ࡾ㸪㟁⏺ࡀᙅࡲࡿࡀྠ᫬࡟⾲㠃ᙇຊࡢᙳ㡪ࡶῶ

3.2 ᾮ⁲ࡀ⏕ᡂࡉࢀࡿ᭱ᑠ㟁ᅽᑡࡍࡿ㸬ࡇࡢࡓࡵ㸪ᮏᐇ㦂ࡢ᮲௳࡛ࡣ㸪࢟ࣕࣆ࣮ࣛࣜࡢෆᚄ

࢟ࣕࣆ࣮ࣛࣜෆᚄࡀ 50 µm ࡢሙྜ࡜ 100 µm ࡢሙྜ࡟ࡘ࠸50 µm ࡢሙྜ࡜ 100 µm ࡢሙྜ࡛࡯ࡰ➼ࡋ࠸᭱ᑠᾮ⁲⏕ᡂ㟁࡚ᾮ⁲ࡀ⏕ᡂࡉࢀࡿ᭱ᑠ㟁ᅽࢆ ᐃࡋࡓ㸬ࡑࢀࡒࢀࡢ࢟ࣕࣆ
࣮ࣛࣜ࡟ᑐࡋ㸪4 ᅇࡢィ ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓ⤖ᯝ㸪ෆᚄ 100 µm ࡢሙྜᅽࢆ♧ࡋࡓࡶࡢ࡜ᛮࢃࢀࡿ㸬
3.3 ᾮ⁲⏕ᡂࡢᵝᏊᾮ⁲ࡀ⏕ᡂࡉࢀࡿᖹᆒ᭱ᑠ㟁ᅽࡣ 0.95 kV㸪ෆᚄ 50 µm ࡢሙ ᅗ 5 ࡟ᾮ⁲ࡀ⏕ᡂࡉࢀࡿᵝᏊࢆ♧ࡍ㸬㟁ᅽࢆ༳ຍࡋࡓ▐㛫

ྜࡣ 0.94 kV ࡛࠶ࡗࡓ㸬

ࢆ(A)࡜ࡋ㸪0.03 s ࡈ࡜ࡢ෗┿࡜ᶍᘧᅗࢆ♧ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬(A)࡟࠾࠸ࡎࢀࡢ࢟ࣕࣆ࣮ࣛࣜࢆ⏝࠸ࡓሙྜࡶ㸪ᾮ⁲ࡀ⏕ᡂࡉࢀࡿ࠸࡚ࡣ㸪⾲㠃ᙇຊ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚⏺㠃ࡀᏳᐃࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀࢃ࠿ࡿ㸬᭱ᑠ㟁ᅽࡣ࡯ࡰྠࡌ್ࢆ♧ࡋࡓࡀ㸪ࡇࡢ⤖ᯝࡣ㸪࢟ࣕࣆࣛࣜ㟁ᅽࢆ༳ຍࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡛㸪⏺㠃ࡀᆶ┤᪉ྥ࡟ᘬ࠿ࢀ㸪ࢸ࢖࣮࣮ࣛࡢ᩿㠃࡟࠾ࡅࡿ㟁⏺㞟୰࡜࢟ࣕࣆ࣮ࣛࣜෆቨ࠿ࡽཷࡅࡿ

ࢥ࣮ࣥࡀᙧᡂࡉࢀࡿ(B)㸪ࢸ࢖࣮ࣛࢥ࣮ࣥࡀ(C)࡟࠾࠸࡚⣙ 120⾲㠃ᙇຊࡢᙳ㡪࡟㛵ಀࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿ㸬࢟ࣕࣆ࣮ࣛࣜ

µm ࡢ㛗ࡉࡲ࡛ᡂ㛗ࡍࡿ࡜㸪ඛ➃ࡼࡾᾮ⁲ࡀ⏕ᡂࡉࢀࡓ㸬ࡲෆᚄࢆᑠࡉࡃࡍࡿ࡜⾲㠃ᙇຊࡢᙳ㡪ࡣቑຍࡍࡿࡀ㸪᩿㠃✚ࡀࡓ㸪(D), (E) ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡣᾮ⁲ࡀᄇ㟝ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ☜ㄆ࡛ࡁῶᑡࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡛㸪ᙉ࠸㟁⏺㞟୰ࡀ㉳ࡇࡾỈࡢ⏺㠃ࢆᆶ┤᪉ྥࡿ㸬ࢥ࣮ࣥඛ➃ࡼࡾ㛗ࡉ⣙ 200 µm ࡢỈᰕࡀᙧᡂࡉࢀ㸪ࢥ࣮ࣥࡢỈᰕࡀᅇ㌿ࡋ࡞ࡀࡽỈᰕඛ➃ࡀศ⿣ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ᾮ⁲ࢆᄇ㟝ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀࢃ࠿ࡿ㸬(A)࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡣ㸪ᾮ⁲࡟ᑐࡋ࡚㔜ຊ࡜⾲㠃ᙇຊࡀ㔮ࡾྜࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡓࡵ㸪⮬↛ⴠୗࡏࡎ࡟⏺㠃ࡀᏳᐃࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬㟁ᅽࢆ༳ຍࡍࡿ࡜㟁⏺ࡀ㞟୰ࡋ㸪ᾮ㠃ࢆᆶ┤᪉ྥ࡟ᘬࡃ㟼㟁ẼຊࡀⓎ⏕ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡛⏺㠃ࡀ୙Ᏻᐃ࡞≧ែ࡜࡞ࡾ㸪ࢸ࢖࣮ࣛࢥ࣮ࣥࡀᙧᡂࡉࢀࡿ㸬ࡉࡽ࡟༳ຍ㟁ᅽࢆୖ᪼ࡉࡏࡿ࡜㟼㟁Ẽⓗ࡞ຊࡀ⾲(a)          (b)㠃ᙇຊࡢᙳ㡪ࢆୖᅇࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ᾮ⁲ࡀᄇ㟝ࡉࢀࡓ࡜⪃ᅗ 4 ⏕ᡂࡋࡓᾮ⁲ࡢᣑᩓࡢᵝᏊ࠼ࡽࢀࡿ㸬ࡇࢀࡽࡢᾮ⁲⏕ᡂࡢᵝᏊࡣ㸪኱Ẽ୰ࡢ㟼㟁ᄇ㟝ࡢ(a) እ㒊㟁ᴟᆺ, (b) ෆ㒊㟁ᴟᆺ㸬ᵝᏊ࡟㏆࠸࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿ㸬

Fig. 4 Movement of the generated droplets.

3.4 㟁ᅽ༳ຍ࡟ࡼࡿࢩࣜࢥ࣮ࣥ࢜࢖ࣝࡢᣲື

(a) External electrode type, (b) Internal electrode type.

ᚤᑠ࡞ࢼ࢖ࣟࣥࣃ࢖ࣝࢆ⏝࠸࡚࢜࢖ࣝࡢືࡁࢆྍど໬ࡋ㟼㟁ẼᏛ఍ㄅ ➨ 34 ᕳ ➨ 1 ྕ㸦2010㸧28

ࡓ㸬ᅗ 6 (a)࡟࢜࢖ࣝෆࡢࢼ࢖ࣟࣥࣃ࢖ࣝࡢᣲືࡢᶍᘧᅗࢆ♧ᅗ 8 ࡟⏕ᡂࡋࡓᾮ⁲ࡢ⢏ᚄศᕸࢆ♧ࡍ㸬ᅗ 8 ࡼࡾᾮ⁲ࡢ⢏ࡍ㸬㟁ᅽ༳ຍࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡗ࡚㸪࢟ࣕࣆ࣮ࣛࣜ㏆ഐࡢࢼ࢖ࣟ

ᚄࡣ 8185 µm ࡀ᭱ࡶከࡃ㸪3 ᅇࡢヨ⾜࡟ᑐࡋ࡚⢏ᚄࡢศᕸࡀ

ࣥࣃ࢖ࣝࡣᘬࡁ௜ࡅࡽࢀ㸪࢟ࣕࣆ࣮ࣛࣜ࡟᥋ゐࡍࡿ࡜ྠ᫬࡟⊃ࡃṇつศᕸࢆᚓࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡓ (ᖹᆒ⢏ᚄsᶆ‽೫ᕪ=81࢟ࣕࣆ࣮ࣛࣜࡼࡾ཯Ⓨࡋࡓ㸬ᅗ 6 (b)࡟ࢼ࢖ࣟࣥࣃ࢖ࣝࡢືࡁ

s6 µm)㸬

࠿ࡽ᥎ᐃࡋࡓࢩࣜࢥ࣮ࣥ࢜࢖ࣝࡢᑐὶࡢᶍᘧᅗࢆ♧ࡍ㸬㟁ᅽ

ᅗ 9 ࡟༳ຍ㟁ᅽ࡜ᖹᆒ⢏ᚄࡢ㛵ಀࢆ♧ࡍ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪ᅗ୰ࣉࣟࢆ༳ຍࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡗ࡚㸪࢟ࣕࣆ࣮ࣛࣜඛ➃࠿ࡽࢩ࣮ࣕࣞࡢࢵࢺ࡛ᖹᆒ⢏ᚄࢆ㸪ࣂ࣮࡛ᶆ‽೫ᕪࢆࡑࢀࡒࢀ♧ࡍ㸬ᅗ 9 ࡢᗏ㠃᪉ྥ࡟ྥ࠿࠺ᙉ࠸ὶࢀ࡟క࠺ᑐὶࡀⓎ⏕ࡋࡓ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࡼ࠺࡟㸪༳ຍ㟁ᅽࢆቑຍࡉࡏࡿ࡜ᾮ⁲ࡢ⢏ᚄࡀᑠࡉࡃ࡞ࡗࡓ㸬ࢀࡿ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪༳ຍ㟁ᅽࡢᴟᛶࢆኚ໬ࡉࡏࡓሙྜ࡛ࡶྠᵝ࡞⤖ࡲࡓ㸪༳ຍ㟁ᅽࡀ㈇ᴟᛶࡢሙྜࡣ⢏ᚄࡢࣂࣛࡘࡁࡀᑡ࡞ࡃ㸪ᯝࡀᚓࡽࢀࡓ㸬ṇᴟᛶࡢሙྜ࡛ࡣࣂࣛࡘࡁࡀ኱ࡁࡃ࡞ࡗࡓ㸬ྠ୍ᴟᛶ㛫ࡢẚ㟁ᅽࢆ༳ຍࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡛ࢼ࢖ࣟࣥࣃ࢖ࣝࡀศᴟࡋࢢࣛࢹ࢕㍑࡛ࡣ༳ຍ㟁ᅽࡀప࠸ሙྜ࡜㧗࠸ሙྜ࡟⢏ᚄࡢࣂࣛࡘࡁࡀ࢚ࣥࢺຊࡼࡗ࡚࢟ࣕࣆ࣮ࣛࣜ࡟ᘬࡁᐤࡏࡽࢀࡿࡇ࡜ࡶ⪃࠼኱ࡁࡃ㸪୰⛬ᗘࡢ༳ຍ㟁ᅽࡢ࡜ࡁ࡟ࡣᆒ୍࡞⢏ᚄࡢᾮ⁲ࡀ⏕ࡽࢀࡿࡀ㸪࢜࢖ࣝࡢᑐὶ࠿ࡽࢼ࢖ࣟࣥࣃ࢖ࣝࡀཷࡅࡿຊࡀࢢᡂࡉࢀࡿ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪ṇᴟᛶ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡣ༳ຍ㟁ᅽࡀప࠸ሙྜ࡟࠾ࣛࢹ࢕࢚ࣥࢺຊࡼࡾࡶ༑ศ࡟኱ࡁࡃ࡞ࡿ࡜ᛮࢃࢀࡿ㸬ᚑࡗ࡚㸪ࡅࡿ⢏ᚄࡢࣂࣛࡘࡁࡀ㢧ⴭ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬ࢢࣛࢹ࢕࢚ࣥࢺຊࡢᙳ㡪ࡣ࡯ࡰ↓ど࡛ࡁࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿ㸬ࡲᾮ⁲ࡀつ๎ⓗ࡟㓄⨨ࡉࢀࡓࡇ࡜ࡣ㸪๓㏙ࡢࡼ࠺࡟ࢩ࣮ࣕࣞࡓ㸪༑ศ࡟㐲᪉ࡢࢼ࢖ࣟࣥࣃ࢖ࣝࡶ⛣ືࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࡇ࡜࠿ࡽࡶෆ࡟㟁ᴟࡀᏑᅾࡏࡎ㸪ࢩࣜࢥ࣮ࣥ࢜࢖ࣝࡢᑟ㟁⋡ࡀ㠀ᖖ࡟ᑠ࢜࢖ࣝࡢὶࢀࡀᏑᅾࡋࡓ࡜ุ᩿࡛ࡁࡿ㸬᥋ゐࡋࡓᚋࡢືࡁࡣࡉ࠸ࡓࡵ㸪ᾮ⁲ࡀ㟁Ⲵࢆಖᣢࡍࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀ㸪ྠᴟᛶ࡟ᖏ㟁ᖏ㟁ࡋࡓࢼ࢖ࣟࣥࣃ࢖ࣝࡀཷࡅࡿ㟼㟁཯Ⓨຊ࡜㸪ࢩࣜࢥ࣮ࣥࡋ࡚࠸ࡿᾮ⁲ྠኈࡀ㟼㟁Ẽⓗ᩺ຊ࡟ࡼࡾ஫࠸ࡀ⼥ྜࡏࡎ㸪ᾮ࢜࢖ࣝࡢᑐὶ࡟ࡼࡿྍ⬟ᛶࡀ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࡀ㸪࢟ࣕࣆ࣮ࣛࣜࡼ⁲㛫ࡢ㊥㞳ࢆಖࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪⏕ᡂࡋࡓᾮ⁲ࡾ༑ศ㐲᪉࡛ࡶࢼ࢖ࣟࣥࣃ࢖ࣝࡢືࡁࡀ࠶ࡗࡓࡇ࡜㸪㟁Ẽຊࡢ⢏ᚄࡀ࡯ࡰ୍ᐃ࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜㸪ᾮ⁲㛫ࡢ㊥㞳ࡀ࡯ࡰ➼ࡋ࠸ࡇ⥺࡜ࡣ␗࡞ࡿྥࡁࡢୖྥࡁࡢὶࢀࡀほᐹࡉࢀࡓࡇ࡜ࢆ⪃៖࡜ࡣ㸪ࡑࢀࡒࢀࡢᾮ⁲ࡀᣢࡘ㟁Ⲵ㔞ࡀ࡯ࡰ➼ࡋ࠸ࡇ࡜ࢆ♧၀ࡍࡿ࡜㸪ࢼ࢖ࣟࣥࣃ࢖ࣝࡢືࡁࡣ኱㒊ศࡢ㡿ᇦ࡛࢜࢖ࣝࡢὶࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬௨ୖࡢࡇ࡜࠿ࡽ㸪ᾮ⁲ྠኈࡢ㟼㟁Ẽⓗ᩺ຊ࡟ࡼࡾࢀࢆྍど໬ࡋ࡚࠸ࡓ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿ㸬஫࠸ࡢ㊥㞳ࢆಖࡕ㸪㧗㟁ᅽ㟁ᴟ࡬ࡢ㟼㟁Ẽⓗᘬຊ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚㸪

3.5 ᾮ⁲ࡢ⢏ᚄศᕸࢩ࣮ࣕࣞࡢᗏ㠃࡟ᖹ㠃ୖ࡟ศᕸࡋࡓ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿ㸬 ᅗ 3 (a)ࡢእ㒊㟁ᴟᆺࡢᐇ㦂⿦⨨ࢆ⏝࠸࡚㸪ෆᚄ 50 µm ࡜

3.5.2 ෆᚄ 50 µm ࡢ࢟ࣕࣆ࣮ࣛࣜࢆ⏝࠸ࡓᾮ⁲⏕ᡂ

100 µm ࡢ࢟ࣕࣆ࣮ࣛࣜ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡑࢀࡒࢀ⏕ᡂࡋࡓᾮ⁲⢏ᚄ

ᅗ 10 ࡟እ㒊㟁ᴟᆺࡢᐇ㦂⿦⨨ࢆ⏝࠸࡚㸪༳ຍ㟁ᅽ +5 kV㸪ࡢ ᐃࢆ⾜ࡗࡓ㸬༳ຍ᫬㛫 8 s ࡢ᮲௳࡟࠾࠸࡚⏕ᡂࡋࡓᾮ⁲ࡢᵝᏊࢆ♧ࡍ㸬ᅗ

3.5.1 ෆᚄ 100 µm ࡢ࢟ࣕࣆ࣮ࣛࣜࢆ⏝࠸ࡓᾮ⁲⏕ᡂ

7 ࡢෆᚄ 100 µm ࡢሙྜ࡜ẚ㍑ࡋ࡚㸪ᾮ⁲㛫ࡢ㊥㞳࡟ࣂࣛࡘᅗ 7 ࡟እ㒊㟁ᴟᆺࢆ⏝࠸࡚㸪༳ຍ㟁ᅽ+4 kV㸪 ༳ຍ᫬㛫 10ࡁࡀ࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀࢃ࠿ࡿ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪ᾮ⁲ࡢ⢏ᚄ࡟኱ࡁ࡞ࣂࣛࡘࡁs ࡢ᮲௳࡟࠾࠸࡚⏕ᡂࡋࡓᾮ⁲ࡢᵝᏊࢆ♧ࡍ㸬⏕ᡂࡋࡓᾮ⁲ࡀ࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࡶࢃ࠿ࡿ㸬ෆᚄ 50 µm ࡢ࢟ࣕࣆ࣮ࣛࣜࢆ⏝࠸ࡓሙྠኈࡀ⣙ 400 µm ⛬ᗘࡢ㛫㝸࡛つ๎ⓗ࡟㓄ิࡋࡓ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪⏕ᡂࡉࢀࡓᾮ⁲ࡣ 24 ᫬㛫ᨺ⨨ᚋࡶᙧࡸ఩⨨ࢆಖࡗ࡚࠸ࡓ㸬

Glass capillary

Plastic petri dish

Plastic petri dish䠉 䠇䠉 䠇䠉 䠇䠉 䠇

Glass Capillary
Silicone oil(100cSt)

Silicone oil(100cSt)

nylon pile400μm
      (a)(b)

ᅗ 6 ࢩࣜࢥ࣮ࣥ࢜࢖ࣝࡢᣲື   ᅗ 7 ⏕ᡂࡋࡓᾮ⁲ࡢᵝᏊ(a) ࢼ࢖ࣟࣥࣃ࢖ࣝࡢᣲື,   ༳ຍ㟁ᅽ: +4 kV, ࢟ࣕࣆ࣮ࣛࣜࡢෆᚄ: 100 µm㸬(b) ࢩࣜࢥ࣮ࣥ࢜࢖ࣝࡢᑐὶ㸬

Fig. 6 Effect of electrostatic field in oil phase.
(a) Motion of individual nylon piles, (b) Vortex induced byelectrostatic field.

Fig. 7 Generated droplets.
 Applied voltage: +4 kV, Inner diameter of capillary:   100 µm.

㟼㟁ᚤ⢏໬ࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ࢚࣐ࣝࢩࣙࣥ⏕ᡂ㸦㟷ᮌ༤๎ࡽ㸧ྜ㸪๓㏙ࡢෆᚄ 100 µm ࡢሙྜ࡜ẚ㍑ࡋ࡚࢟ࣕࣆ࣮ࣛࣜࡢ᩿

4035
Number of droplet

2930
25

1st Try㠃✚ࡀᑠࡉ࠸ࡓࡵ㟁⏺ࡀ㞟୰ࡋ㸪⏺㠃ࢆᘬࡃ㟼㟁Ẽຊࡀෆᚄ

2nd Try

100 µm ࡢሙྜࡼࡾࡶᙉ࠿ࡗࡓ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿ㸬ෆᚄ 50 µm ࡢ

3rd Try࢟ࣕࣆ࣮ࣛࣜෆ㒊࡛ࡣ㸪ෆᚄ 100 µm ࡢሙྜ࡜ẚ㍑ࡋ࡚┦ᑐ

20ⓗ࡟⾲㠃ᙇຊࡢᙳ㡪ࡀ኱ࡁ࠸㸬ࡇࡇ࡛㸪㟼㟁Ẽຊ࡜⾲㠃ᙇຊ

1510ࡢࣂࣛࣥࢫ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚⪃࠼ࡿ࡜㸪࢟ࣕࣆ࣮ࣛࣜඛ➃ෆ㒊࡛ࡣ㸪

5࢞ࣛࢫ⾲㠃࡜Ỉ࡜ࡢᙉ࠸┦஫స⏝࡟ࡼࡿຊ (⾲㠃ᙇຊ)࡜㟼0㟁Ẽຊࡀࣂࣛࣥࢫࡋ࡚Ᏻᐃ࡛࠶ࡗࡓ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿ㸬ࡋ࠿ࡋ㸪࢟ࣕࣆ࣮ࣛࣜඛ➃ࡼࡾ㟢ฟࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࢸ࢖࣮ࣛࢥ࣮ࣥ㒊࡛ࡣ㸪࢞ࣛࢫ⾲㠃࡜Ỉ࡜ࡢ┦஫స⏝ࡀ࡞ࡃ࡞ࡾ㸪Ỉ࡜ࢩࣜࢥ࣮ࣥ࢜
Diameter of droplet[μm]࢖ࣝࡢ┦஫స⏝࡟ࡼࡿᙅ࠸ຊ࡜㟼㟁Ẽຊࡋ࠿ാ࠿࡞࠸㸬ࡑࡢ ᅗ 8 ⏕ᡂࡋࡓᾮ⁲ࡢ⢏ᚄศᕸࡓࡵࢸ࢖࣮ࣛࢥ࣮ࣥ㒊࡛ࡣ㸪⾲㠃ᙇຊ࡜㟼㟁Ẽຊ࡜ࡢࣂࣛࣥ ༳ຍ㟁ᅽ: +4 kV, ࢟ࣕࣆ࣮ࣛࣜࡢෆᚄ: 100 µm.

ࢫࡀᔂࢀ㸪ࢸ࢖࣮ࣛࢥ࣮ࣥࡢ≧ែࡀ୙Ᏻᐃ࡟࡞ࡿࡶࡢ࡜⪃࠼

 Fig. 8 Distribution of diameter of the generated droplets.

ࡽࢀࡿ㸬ࡇࡢ୧⪅ࡢᕪࡀ኱ࡁ࠸࡯࡝୙Ᏻᐃᛶࡀ㧗ࡃ㸪ࡑࡢࡓ

 Applied voltage: +4 kV, Inner diameter of capillary: 100 µm.

ࡵ㟼㟁Ẽຊࡀࡼࡾ኱ࡁ࡞ෆᚄ 50 µm ࡢ࢟ࣕࣆ࣮࡛ࣛࣜ⏕ᡂࡋࡓᾮ⁲⢏ᚄࡢࣂࣛࡘࡁࡀ኱ࡁࡃ࡞ࡗࡓࡶࡢ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿ㸬ࡇࡢࡇ࡜ࡣ㸪ᅗ 9 ࡢෆᚄ 100 µm ࡢ࢟ࣕࣆ࣮ࣛࣜࢆ⏝࠸ࡓሙྜ㻭㼢㼑㼞㼍㼓㼑㻌㼐㼕㼍㼙㼑㼠㼑㼞㻌㼛㼒㻌㼐㼞㼛㼜㼘㼑㼠㼇㽀㼙㼉

160
140

positive࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡶ༳ຍ㟁ᅽࡀ㧗࠸ሙྜ࡟⢏ᚄࡢࣂࣛࡘࡁࡀቑຍࡍ

120

negativeࡿࡇ࡜࡜ᑐᛂࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪ࡑࢀ࡟ࡼࡾྛᾮ⁲ࡀಖᣢࡋ࡚

100࠸ࡿ㟁Ⲵ㔞࡟㐪࠸ࡀ⏕ࡌ㸪ᾮ⁲㛫㊥㞳ࡢࣂࣛࡘࡁ࡟ࡘ࡞ࡀࡗ80ࡓࡶࡢ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿ㸬60403.6 ᾮ⁲ࡢᅇ཰᪉ἲࡢ᳨ウ20ᾮ⁲⏕ᡂᚋ㸪ࢩ࣮ࣕࣞࢆ࢔࣑ࣝࢽ࣒࢘ᯈ (㟁ᅽ༳ຍ⤊஢ᚋࡣ᥋ᆅ)࠿ࡽ㞳ࡋࡓ᫬ࡢᾮ⁲⛣ືࡢ㌶㊧ࢆᅗ 11 ࡟♧ࡍ㸬෗┿0㻝

㻞㻟㻠㻡㻢

㻣

Applied voltage[kV]㻤ࡣࢩ࣮ࣕࣞࢆୖ࠿ࡽ᧜ᙳࡋࡓࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡾ㸪࢔࣑ࣝࢽ࣒࢘ᯈࢆ
ࢩ࣮ࣕࣞ࠿ࡽ㞳ࡍࡓࡵ࡟ࢩ࣮ࣕࣞഃ㠃 (෗┿࡛ࡣୗഃ) ࢆᡭ  ᅗ 9 ⏕ᡂࡋࡓᾮ⁲ࡢᖹᆒ⢏ᚄ࡛ᣢࡕୖࡆࡓ㸬ࡇࡇ࡛㸪‫ڹ‬, ‫ࡢ୍ྠࡣڧ‬ᾮ⁲ࢆ♧ࡋ㸪0.3 s  ࢟ࣕࣆ࣮ࣛࣜࡢෆᚄ: 100 µm.

࠾ࡁ࡟᧜ᙳࡋࡓ 6 ᯛࡢ⏬ീࢆ㔜ࡡྜࢃࡏࡓࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬  Fig. 9 Average diameter of the generated droplets.
  Inner diameter of capillary: 100 µm.

ᡭ࡛ᣢࡕୖࡆࡿ๓ࡣ㸪㟼㟁Ẽⓗຊ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ᾮ⁲ࡀ஫࠸ࡢ఩
⨨ࢆಖࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ࢩ࣮ࣕࣞࢆᣢࡕୖࡆࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ᾮ⁲(‫ڹ‬, ‫ࡀ)ڧ‬ഃ㠃࡟ྥ࠿ࡗ࡚⛣ືࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ☜ㄆ࡛ࡁࡿ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪෌ࡧ᥋ᆅࡉࢀࡓ㧗㟁ᅽ㟁ᴟ࡟ࢩ࣮ࣕࣞࢆ㏆࡙ࡅࡿ࡜ࢩࣕ

200μm

  ᅗ 10 ⏕ᡂࡋࡓᾮ⁲ࡢᵝᏊ  ༳ຍ㟁ᅽ: +5 kV, ࢟ࣕࣆ࣮ࣛࣜࡢෆᚄ: 50 µm.

 ᅗ 11 ࢩ࣮ࣕࣞࢆᣢࡕୖࡆࡓ┤ᚋࡢᾮ⁲⛣ືࡢ㌶㊧  Fig. 10 Generated droplets.

 Fig. 11 Trajectory of the droplets by picking up the Petri dish.

  Applied voltage: +5 kV, Inner diameter of capillary: 50 µm.

 The hand is located bottom of the photographs.

㟼㟁ẼᏛ఍ㄅ ➨ 34 ᕳ ➨ 1 ྕ㸦2010㸧30

࣮ࣞࡢഃ㠃࡟⛣ືࡋࡓᾮ⁲ࡀඖࡢ఩⨨࡟ศᩓࡋࡓ㸬ࡇࡢ࡜ࡁᾮ⁲ࡢ⛣ືࡀྍ⬟࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ♧၀ࡉࢀࡓ㸬࡟ᾮ⁲ྠኈࡣ⼥ྜࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡞ࡃ⛣ືࢆࡋࡓ㸬ࢩ࣮ࣕࣞࡢഃ㠃ࢆᥗࡳᡭ࡛ᣢࡕୖࡆࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡾ㸪ᾮ⁲࡜ᮏ᪉ἲ࡛⏕ᡂࡋࡓᾮ⁲ࡣ㸪⮬Ⓨⓗ࡟㓄ิࡍࡿࡢ࡛㸪ࡇࢀࢆ᥋ᆅࡉࢀࡓ㧗㟁ᅽ㟁ᴟ࡜ࡢ㛫࡛ാ࠸࡚࠸ࡓ㟼㟁Ẽⓗᘬຊࡀ࣐࢖ࢡࣟࣜ࢔ࢡࢱ࣮࡜ࡋ࡚ά⏝ࡍࡿ㝿㸪ศᯒࡸศྲྀ࣭⼥ྜ࡞ᙅࡲࡾ㸪ഃ㠃௜㏆ࡢᾮ⁲ࡀࢩ࣮ࣕࣞࡢഃ㠃࡟࠶ࡿᡭ (᥋ᆅ㟁࡝ࡢᾮ⁲᧯సࢆຠ⋡໬࡛ࡁࡿ࡜ᮇᚅࡉࢀࡿ㸬఩)࡜ࡢ㛫࡛㟼㟁Ẽⓗᘬຊࢆ⏕ࡌࢩ࣮ࣕࣞഃ㠃࡟ྥ࠿ࡗ࡚⛣ືࡋࡓ㸬ഃ㠃௜㏆ࡢ㟁Ⲵࡢ⛣ື࡟క࠸㸪ᾮ⁲ྠኈࡢ㟼㟁Ẽⓗ᩺ຊ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ࢩ࣮ࣕࣞ୰ᚰࡢᾮ⁲ࡀഃ㠃᪉ྥ࡬⛣ືࡋ㸪᭱⤊ⓗ࡟㸪⏕ᡂࡋࡓᾮ⁲ࡢ኱㒊ศࡀഃ㠃࡬⛣ືࡋࡓ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿ㸬ࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡟᪂ࡓ࡞࣏ࢸࣥࢩࣕࣝࢆ୚࠼ࡿࡇ࡜࡛㸪௵ពࡢሙᡤ࡬ࡢᾮ⁲ࡢ⛣ືࡀྍ⬟࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ♧၀ࡉࢀࡓ㸬ᾮ⁲ࡢᅇ཰ࡸᾮ⁲ࡢ᧯స࡞࡝࡬ࡢᛂ⏝ࡀᮇᚅࡉࢀࡿ㸬4.

ࡲ࡜ࡵᮏ᪉ἲ࡛ࡣ㸪┤ὶ㧗㟁ᅽࢆ༳ຍࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡛Ἔ୰࡟ᤄධࡋࡓ࢟ࣕࣆ࣮ࣛࣜ࠿ࡽᚤᑠ࡞ᾮ⁲ࡀ⏕ᡂࡉࢀ㸪ᾮ⁲ࢆつ๎ⓗ࡟㓄⨨ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀྍ⬟࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ♧ࡋࡓ㸬௨ୗ࡟ᚓࡽࢀࡓ୺࡞▱ぢࢆ♧ࡍ㸬(1) ༳ຍ㟁ᅽ࣭࢟ࣕࣆ࣮ࣛࣜෆᚄ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ᾮ⁲ࡢ⢏ᚄࡀኚ໬ࡋࡓ㸬༳ຍ㟁ᅽ࡞࡝࡟ࡼࡗ࡚⢏ᚄࢆࢥࣥࢺ࣮ࣟࣝࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀྍ⬟࡛࠶ࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿ㸬(2) እ㒊㟁ᴟᆺࢆ⏝࠸࡚⏕ᡂࡋࡓᾮ⁲ࡣ㸪㟁Ⲵࢆಖᣢࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡓࡵ㟼㟁Ẽⓗ᩺ຊ࡟ࡼࡾ஫࠸ࡀ⼥ྜࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡞ࡃつ๎ⓗ࡟㓄ิࡋࡓ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪⏺㠃άᛶ๣ࢆ⏝࠸ࡎ࡟㛗᫬㛫Ᏻᐃ࡟Ꮡᅾ࡛ࡁࡿᾮ⁲ࢆ⏕ᡂࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡓ㸬(3) እ㒊㟁ᴟᆺࢆ⏝࠸࡚⏕ᡂࡋࡓᾮ⁲ࡣ㸪㛗᫬㛫࡟ࢃࡓࡗ࡚㟁Ⲵࢆಖᣢࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡓࡵ㸪㟁⏺࡟ࡼࡗ࡚௵ពࡢሙᡤ࡬ࡢཧ⪃ᩥ⊩1) ໭᳃Ṋᙪ, ᗉᏊ⩦୍, 㤿ሙ჆ಙ, ⸨⏣༤அ (⦅), ໬Ꮫ࡜࣐࢖ࢡ࣭ࣟࢼࣀࢩࢫࢸ࣒◊✲఍ (┘ಟ)㸸࣐࢖ࢡࣟ໬Ꮫࢳࢵࣉࡢᢏ⾡࡜ᛂ⏝, ୸ၿ (2004)2) ᵽཱྀಇ㑻 (⦅㞟ጤဨ㛗) 㸸࣐࢖ࢡ࣐ࣟࢩࣥᢏ⾡⥲ぴ⦅㞟ጤဨ఍ (⦅), ࣐࢖ࢡ࣐ࣟࢩࣥᢏ⾡⥲ぴ⦅, ⏘ᴗᢏ⾡ࢧ࣮ࣅࢫࢭࣥࢱ࣮ (2003)
3) ࣈࢵ࣮࢝ࢬ (⦅㞟) 㸸࣐࢖ࢡࣟࣜ࢔ࢡࢱࢸࢡࣀࣟࢪ࣮, ࢚ࢾ࣭ࢸ࢕࣮࣭࢚ࢫ (2005)4) M. Nakano, J. Komatsu, S. Matsuura, K. Takashima, S.
Katsura and A. Mizuno: J. Biotechnol., 102 (2003) 1175) M. Nakano, N. Nakai, H. Kurita, J. Komatsu, K. Takashima, S.
Katsura, and A. Mizuno: J. Biosci Bioeng., 99 (2005) 2936) ໭ཎᩥ㞝, ྂ⃝㑥ኵ㸸ศᩓ࣭ங໬⣔ࡢ໬Ꮫ, ᕤᏛᅗ᭩(1988)
7) ᳃ ᗣኵ, ᅵ᪉㑥ኵ, 㛗ᓮ⪃ኵ㸸᪥ᮏᶵᲔᏛ఍ㄽᩥ㞟㸦B⦅㸧, 47 (1987) 18818) 㧗ᶫඃ௓, 㔠ἑㄔྖ, 㔝ᮏᖾ἞㸸㟼㟁ẼᏛ఍ㄅ, 30 (2006)89) J. Abu-Ali and S..A Barringer: J. Electrostat., 63 (2005) 36110) ୰㔝㐨ᙪ, ᅧ㇂ ᙬ, 㧗ᓥ࿴๎, ᱇ 㐍ྖ, Ỉ㔝 ᙲ㸸㟼㟁ẼᏛ఍ㄅ, 30 (2006) 2611) M. Nakano, K. Takashima, S. Katsura, and A. Mizuno: J.
Electrostat., 66 (2008) 4512) W. Balachandrana and A.G. Bailey: J. Electrostat., 10 (1981)
18913) J.L. Li and A. Tok: Int. J. Mass. Spectrom., 272 (2008) 19914) J.M. Lopez-Herrera, A. Barrero and A. Boucard: Am. Soc.
Mass Spectrom., 15 (2004) 25315) 㟼㟁ẼᏛ఍㸸㟼㟁Ẽࣁࣥࢻࣈࢵࢡ, ࣮࣒࢜♫ (1998)