Lesson 45 の解説＜現在完了進行形とは＞
現在完了進行形は、過去のある一時点から現在に至るまでの動作の継続を表し、動詞部分が「have / has+been+ -ing」となり、「（ずっと）～している」という意味になります。現在完了の継続の用法は、基本的には状態の継続を表し、現在完了進行形は動作の継続を表します。
例 1）I have had a headache since this morning.（状態の継続）
例 2）I have been practicing soccer since this morning.（動作の継続）＜どちらの表現でもよい動詞＞
learn, live, sit, stand, study, teach, wait, work などの動詞は、現在完了と現在完了進行形のどちらにも使えます。
例 3）I have leaned English for two years.
例 4）I have been leaning English for two years.
＜現在完了進行形で使われるキーワード＞現在完了進行形は、動作の継続に特化した表現のため、現在完了の継続の用法と同様に、for（~の間）や since（~から）といったキーワードが使われます。
例 5）I have been doing my homework for two hours.
例 6）My sister has been baking cookies since she came home.
＜否定文の作り方＞
現在完了進行形の否定文は、have / has の直後に not を付けて、「have / has not + been + 現在分詞」となります。また、短縮形は、haven’t / hasn’t となります。さらに、主語と have / has をくっつけて短縮することも可能です。
例 7）I have not been eating well lately.
＊lately：最近=I haven’t been eating well lately.
=I’ve not been eating well lately.

＜疑問文の作り方と答え方＞
現在完了進行形の疑問文は、have / has を主語の前に出します。
例 8）Have you been studying English here for a year?
Yes, I have. / No, I haven’t.
例 9）Has your son been working at this company for manyyears.
Yes, he has. / No, he hasn’t.
＜期間の聞き方＞「いつから～しているのですか」と期間を聞く場合、
How long ～?
を使って質問します。
例 10）How long have you been cleaning your room?
Since noon. / For about an hour.

Step 1 次の英文を、日本文に直しなさい。

1

1.

I have been studying English since this morning.

2.

You have been playing video games for hours.

23.

They’ve been talking about the problem for almost two

3hours.
4.

My father has been working from home for many months.

5.

My mother has been making dinner since she came back45home.
6.

It’s been raining since I got here.

7.

I haven’t been studying since my summer vacation started.

8.

He hasn’t been sleeping well lately.

7

9.

Have you been working on it for many days?

8-Yes, I have. / No, I haven’t.
10. Has your sister been waiting for the bus?

69-Yes, she has. / No, she hasn’t.
11. How long have you guys been practicing dancing here?

10-Since our classes finished.
12. How long has that old man been fishing here?
-Since before dawn.

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語句
for hours：何時間も、 almost：ほぼ、 work from home：在宅勤務をする、
get here：ここに着く、 lately：最近、 work on：～に取り組む、
you guys：あなたたち、 before dawn：夜明け前

Step 2（ ）内の語を並べ替えて読みなさい。
1.

I ( been / have / studying ) English since this morning.

2.

You ( playing / been / have ) video games for hours.

3.

( talking / been / they’ve ) about the problem for almost twohours.

4.

My father ( working / has / been ) from home for manymonths.

5.

My mother ( making / has / been ) dinner since she cameback home.

6.

It’s ( been / since / raining ) I got here.

7.

I haven’t ( since / been / studying ) my summer vacation
started.

8.

He ( been / hasn’t / sleeping ) well lately.

9.

( been / have / you ) working on it for many days?
-Yes, I have. / No, I haven’t.

10. ( your sister / has / been ) waiting for the bus?
-Yes, she has. / No, she hasn’t.
11. ( how long / guys been / have you) practicing dancing here?
-Since our classes finished.
12. ( has that / how long / old man been ) fishing here?
-Since before dawn.

MEMO

Step 3（ ）内の語を並べ替えなさい。
1.

I ( been / have / English / studying / since / this ) morning.

2.

You ( hours / for / have / been / video games / playing ).

3.

(the problem / talking / been / about / they’ve / for ) almost
two hours.

4.

2
3

My father ( for / home / been / has / working / from ) manymonths.

5.

1

My mother (since she / been / has / dinner / making / came )back home.

6.

( been / got here / I / it’s / raining / since ).

7.

I ( summer vacation / been / haven’t / since my / studying /started ).

8.

( lately / well / hasn’t / he / sleeping / been ).

9.

( you / have / working / been / on it / for ) many days?
-Yes, I have. / No, I haven’t.

10. ( waiting / been / sister / has / your / for ) the bus?
-Yes, she has. / No, she hasn’t.

456
7
8910

11. ( have / long / you guys / how / been / practicing ) dancing
here?
-Since our classes finished.
12. ( been / old man / has that / how / long / fishing ) here?
-Since before dawn.

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