MONGOLIAI.

Natural hazards in Mongolia

1.1

Natural hazards likely to affect the country

Drought, earthquake, epidemic, famine, flood, wild fires, wind storm
1.2

Recent Major Disasters

year dis_type no_killed total_affected
2000
EP450,000
2003
EP
92003
FL
1515002003
WS3665,000
2000
WS
19571,000
EP-epidemic, FL-flood, WS-windstorm

total_dam
Million USD

270,000

Source: "EM-DAT: The OFDA/CRED International Disaster Database,www.em-dat.net - Université catholique de Louvain - Brussels Belgium"
Example: wild land fires
A total of 115 wild land fires occurred in 56 soums of 13 provinces and 5
districts of capital city Ulaanbaatar. A total of 3402,6 thousand ha area
affected from these wild land fires and approximately 120 million tugrik
damage occurred. In order to respond to these wild land fires, a total of910 officers from the National Emergency Management Agency, 3195
local people, 2 helicopters, and 280 vehicles mobilized on it. We
frequently broadcasted to warn the population and protect them fromthe wild land fires. Some remote wild land fires that occurred in Selenge,Khentii, Ovorkhangai provinces became difficult to suppress because of
the impossibility to approach the terrain by vehicle. In these cases, wesent 44 parachutists from the special rescue unit by the decision of chiefof National Emergency Management Agency. We used 2 helicopters toconduct surveillance on these fires and to drop the parachutists on thehotbed. We have a contract with the Meteorological institute and in thewild land fire season we have got 20 satellite maps of wild land fires. In14 cases we detected the wild land fires from the satellite when the local
people did not know about it. We informed the local authorities about
these fires immediately and were able to put them out very soon. The
contracted watchmen worked in those provinces where the probability ofoccurrences of wild land fires is high. We have taken measures to equip
all the vehicles with spark suppressors during the dry wild land fireseason. In result of this the number of fires has increased, but its
damage has decreased by half.
Sources: Mongolia country report 2006, WCDR country report

1II.

Disaster Management System2.1 Administrative system
The Mongolian Government’s regulatory agency – the National
Emergency Management Agency – has the duty to conduct nationwide
activities for disaster protection. All the 21 provinces and the capital city
have its emergency management divisions and department.

Conventional long form:
Conventional short form:
Government type:
Capital:Administrative divisions:none
Mongolia
mixed parliamentary/presidential
Ulaanbaatar
21 provinces (aymguud, singular - aymag)
and 1 municipality* (singular - hot)

2.2 Legal system , legal framework-Law on Disaster protection-Law on Fire safety-Law on Wild land fire prevention and protection
Government resolution #1, issued on 7th January 2004. It established theNational Disaster Management Agency of Mongolia (NDMA), currently
named “National Emergency Management Agency”. NEMA combines theState Board for Civil Defense, Fire Fighting Department and State
Reserve Agency. It is responsible for implementing the State disasterprotection policy and legislation and for organizing nation wide projects
to reduce disaster risks and vulnerability through disaster management
activities.
In addition, NEMA works to:•Develop and implement disaster protection including strategicalplanning, disaster protection legislation, policy guidelines, policies,and plans;•Develop training programmes and plans for all kind of disasterprotection training;•Provide disaster protection activities with a professional operativemanagement•

Set up an information database and internal network for disasterprotection and provide communication services;•Prevent fire and organize fire inspections;•Study disasters, to do laboratory analysis of radioactive and chemical
poisons, and to repair and adjust needed equipments;

Sources: Mongolia country report 2006, WCDR country report2•Study fire cases and evaluate them;•Provide a policy for and coordination of the state reserve;•

Organize the measures related to warehouse economics, quality andtechnology;•Provide leadership of the public administration and human resourcemanagement;•Monitor and evaluate the implementation of the disaster protection
policy, planning, programme, project, agreements and contracts ofcooperation, and to organize internal audit;•

Provide professional advice, support and service directed todeveloping disaster protection cooperation with foreign countries andinternational organizations•

Inform the public about the diaster protection policy, and tocommunicate and provide the public with immediate information
related to disasters and forecasts;•Manage the budget and financial policy of National Emergency
Management Agency.

2.3 Structure of disaster management
Organizational structure
Disaster management services of state, aimag, capital city, soum, anddistricts are established with their goal to implement disastermanagement duties. In order to coordinate the activities of disasterprevention, rescue, response and recovery, the following disastermanagement state services based on related state administrative
organization were created:- Natural and chemical danger assessment and information
service;- Health protection service;- Food and agriculture service;- Fuel and energy service;- Roads and transportation service;- Construction and urban development service;- Order service;- Public awareness service;- Information and communication service;- Radiation protection service;- Professional inspection service.

Sources: Mongolia country report 2006, WCDR country report3GOVERNMENT OF MONGOLIAMINISTERIN CHARGE FOR EMERGENCY MANAGEMENTSTATEDISASTERMANAGEMENTSERVICESNATIONAL EMERGENCY
MANAGEMENT AGENCY

EMERGENCY
MANAGEMENTDEPARTMENTS OF CAPITALSEARCH AND
RESCUE UNITS ANDSUBUNITSDISASTERMANAGEMENTSERVICES OF CAPITALCITY AND AIMAGSDISASTERMANAGEMENTSTAFFS IN SOUM AND
DISTRICTS

DISASTERMANAGEMENTSTAFFS OF
ENTITIES AND
ENTERPRISESPART TIMEPROFESSIONALTEAMPART TIMEPROFESSIONALTEAMPART TIMEPROFESSIONALTEAM

The structure of disaster management organizations is based on
territorial-industrial principle regardless of the ownership in the state,
aimag, capital city, soum, district, bag, khoroo, entities and enterprises(aimag, soum, bag, khoroo- administrative and territorial units inMongolia).
The Minister is in charge for emergency management and directs thedisaster management activities at the state level. The Governors of theterritorial units organize and manage the disaster management
activities in their respective aimag, capital city, soum, district andkhoroo. Heads of the entities and enterprises organize and manage thedisaster management activities in their respective units andorganizations.
The state administrative organization in charge of emergency
management is NEMA. It is responsible for the implementation of thestate disaster management policy & legislation nation-wide.
The State Disaster Management Services has the following functions:•plan and organize the implementation of disaster management
activities within the framework of the engaged section;

Sources: Mongolia country report 2006, WCDR country report4

•

ensure the execution of laws and resolutions of higher authorities
related to the disaster management;
establish the disaster management service, provide staff and a
specialized unit according to the specifics of the engaged section andorganize their training and preparedness;ensure unaltered essential services of engaged section during thedisaster situation;
keep warning information systems of the engaged section constantly
ready;
put in place reserves of machinery, equipment and tools forpreventing and responding to damages caused by a disaster situation
provide disaster management services in aimags and capital city withthe professional management of engaged section;
immediately inform the state administrative organization in chargeof disaster management on disaster situations and get theirprofessional support;
involve the professionals and machinery, equipment and tools of theengaged section in the operational staff in dispatching to disastersite;
dispose funds allocated for a disaster according to the purpose;
assess the damages caused by the disaster and propose detailed
measures to be taken; andprovide information and reports on the disaster situation••••••••••

Emergency management activities are carried out by emergency
management departments, specialized unit and state reserve branches
in 21 aimags and in the capital city. These units are responsible fordisaster prevention at state and local levels; mobilizing rapidly; searchand rescue; providing emergency aid to the victims; evacuating them tosecure places; and protecting their properties.
2.4 Priority on disaster risk management•••

to initiate and present recommendations concerning legal measuresfor preventing disasters in conditions of market economy system.
to improve the system and legal grounds for preventing disasters in
the interest of government organizations, local administrative
entities, enterprise units and individuals.
to make arrangements for work and activities in conformity withthe laws and regulations to enhance working capacity of allorganizations concerned for dealing efficiently with any
phenomenon of disaster, organize emergency combat groups, rescue
teams, national and country services or so-called “headquarters”,and train people to the effect.

Sources: Mongolia country report 2006, WCDR country report

5III. Disaster Management Plan
(1) Sort of plan
National Disaster Plan
(2) Legal basis
Law on Disaster protection(3) Date of creation of the plan
Under review(4) Content
Under review
IV. Budget size on national level
Total budget: 14 billion tugrik
Current expenditure: 8.58 billion tugrik
Investment expenditure: 5.45 billion tugrik
V.

Progress and situations of the Hyogo Framework of Action (HFA)

VI. Projects on disaster reduction headed by NEMA
(1)

Sectional TopicCrisis Prevention and Recovery(2)Partner
Government of Luxembourg

(3)

Title
Strengthening the Disaster Mitigation and Management Systemin Mongolia (MON/02/305)(4)Contents
Following on from the preparatory project, the goal of thisproject is to strengthen the system of disaster management inMongolia, bringing it up to international standards. The focus
will be on preventing disasters. The UNDP will assist the State
Civil Defense Board and other concerned agencies to:• Strengthening the ability of the Government to strengthen
the disaster mitigation and management system through newtechnologies and through the training of local disaster
preparedness and response teams• Working with the Government to change its disaster focus
from military based civil defense to civilian led disastermitigation and management.
• Creating a disaster mitigation and management partnership
between government, donors, NGOs for cooperation,

Sources: Mongolia country report 2006, WCDR country report6

coordination and allocating of resources for disastermitigation(5)

Target year
Late 2002 – 2005

(6)

Other Information
Total budget: USD 725,000, UNDP Contribution: USD 160,000,Co-financing partner: Government of Luxembourg (USD565,000)

VII.

Counterpart Organization for ADRC
Department of Strategic Planning and Foreign Relations
Department,
Emergency Management Agency Mongolia,
Partizan Street 6, Sukhbaatar district, Ulaanbaatar 210644,
Mongolia

Sources: Mongolia country report 2006, WCDR country report

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