5 Gathering of Information on Emergency Relief during Timesof Disaster5-1 Latest Information on Disasters
5-1-1 Background and Policy
The purpose of gathering and providing the latest information on ongoing disaster situations and required emergency relief isto provide a standard of judgement on emergency measures by affected countries and agencies concerned and emergency relief
by countries and agencies concerned, NGOs and individuals.

5-1-2 Gathering Method and Accumulated Information
Upon receiving disaster information from the press or directly from affected countries, the Center starts gathering relatedinformation on the Internet. The information is sent to the Center by related sections of the affected countries as well as byinternational organizations.
The information gathered is accumulated for classification in the Center's database after new information is added. An "ADRC
Disaster Report" is automatically generated for each disaster case, and then posted on our website. Shown Fig. 5-1-2-1 is an
example of one of these reports.

5-1-3 Future Policy
At present, the Center gathers information and accumulates it in its database. Some information is contributed by ourxoverseas counterparts as well as cooperative members. In future, we plan to promote autonomous information gathering, inwhich the informants themselves access and upgrade the database by taking advantage of the database upgrading facility via
the network.
Because detection of the first report of a disaster depends on the voluntary efforts of information updating staff, detection ofserious disasters may be delayed depending on how the disaster occurred and how much interest is shown by the press. To
assure early detection of the first report, we will develop a network that monitors occurrence of disasters in cooperation withour counterparts and disaster research institutes in member/advisory countries.
Table 5-1-2-1 Items on the Disaster Case and Disaster Information Database
Database of disaster cases
Database of disaster information
ID number
ID number
Disaster code
ID number of the disaster
Order of occurrence
Disaster category
CountrySource (Japanese)
Disaster category (Japanese)
Source (English)
Disaster category (English)
Summary of the article (Japanese)
Data of occurrence
Summary of the article (English)
Brief description of the disaster Link to home pages (URLs)(Japanese)
Brief description of the disaster(English)

Fig.5-1-2-1 Disaster Report5-2 Information on Emergency Relief
5-2-1 Background and Policy
When a disaster occurs in the Asian region on such a large scale that it is impossible for one country to take quick and effective
measures by itself, neighboring countries and other countries offer a helping hand. To understand on what basis, when andhow such relief was provided, and what effect it had provides useful data for determining what kind of information an affected
country should provide and when, as well as for judging how other countries should respond to it in the most efficient manner.
It is therefore important to gather and share information that helps match the needs and seeds of both parties and information
on evaluation of the relief provided.
As the first step toward this end, we have gathered as much related information as possible from existing databases, country
reports and other data from member countries. At the same time, we put together information on how emergency relief isprovided in Japan.

5-2-2 Accumulated Information on Emergency Relief
1) Information on Emergency Relief from 1995 onward
Information on how affected countries coped with disasters and relief from overseas countries is posted on the OCHA Situation
Report and other locations on the Relief Web.
In fiscal 1998, we collected information on overseas emergency relief during major disasters from 1995 onward from the Relief
Web and other sources on the Internet, country reports and reports announced at international symposia, and compiled a list oftheir locations.
(Excerpts can be found in Table 5-2-2-1. The entire text can be found at https://www.adrc.asia/annual98/h5-2-2-1eg.xls)
2) International Emergency Relief by Japan (Activities by the Japan Disaster Relief Team, JICA)
Japan is one of the largest relief providers in the world for major natural disasters. We therefore started by making a summaryof international emergency relief provided by Japan, as a first step towards investigating the emergency relief situation in theAsian region.
Japan's emergency relief can be classified into "personnel relief," "material relief" and "financial relief." In fiscal 1997, weconsidered providing relief to 111 overseas disasters and sent relief to 27 cases.
The Japan Disaster Relief Team is responsible for personnel relief. Three different types of teams (rescue, medical and experts'teams) and troops of the Self-Defence Forces are dispatched. Depending on the scale of the disaster, up to 100 staff can be sent,
but on average 10 staff members are dispatched for about three weeks.

Since 1990, a total of 36 teams have been dispatched overseas, half of which (18 teams) were dispatched to ADRC
member/advisory countries.(Table 5-2-2-2)
Shown in Table 5-2-2-3are the Japan Disaster Relief Teams dispatched, the host countries' evaluation of and response to relief
supplies and relief measures, and the relief activities by other countries in FY 1997.

Table 5-2-2-1 Emergency Relief Information for Disasters from 1995 onward (Excerpts= Nepal Flood Aug.98 ･ ･ ･ one ofhundreds)(Entire Table→

https://www.adrc.asia/annual98/h5-2-2-1eg.xls)<Nepal Flood Aug.98>
HomePage

SourceReportDate ofIssue

Donor

ChannelThe outline of contents

ReliefWeb

ECHO

ECHO:
11-Jan-99
Humanitarian
aid: news inbriefEU

Humanism-support project capital of 1,407,000euroes (the purification
institution of water, medical support, a temporary shelter, clothes, a lifesaving
bag, and a cooking tool offer these contents of support for about 20,000
households)

ReliefWeb

IFRC

Nepal : floods

18-Sep-98

DREF

CHF 50,000

ReliefWeb

IFRC

South Asia
Disasters: 1-Sep-98

ReliefWeb

IFRC

South Asia
Disasters: 1-Sep-98

IFRCS

ReliefWeb

IFRC

South Asia
Disasters: 1-Sep-98

Netherlands IFRC
RC

ReliefWeb

OCHA

OCHA
Situation
Report No. 1

12-Aug-98

TheUN
Disaster Any assistance expected is [ possible ] ready.
Management Team

ReliefWeb

OCHA

OCHA
Situation
Report No. 2

8-Sep-98

TheUNDisaster Any assistance expected is [ possible ] ready.
Management Team

ReliefWeb

OCHAOCHA
Situation
Report No. 28-Sep-98

GermanIn order to supply medicine, a water purifier, a hot-water-supply machine, abiscuit, and powder milk to the flood victim of southern part Nepal, support of38,054USD is vowed.

ReliefWeb

OCHAOCHA
Situation
Report No. 2

8-Sep-98

IFRCS

USD 34,000

ReliefWeb

UNDP

Povertyand 20-Oct-98
poor
preparation
increase
tollfrom
naturaldisasters

UNDP

UNDP assists governments with the management of their responses todisasters by helping to recruit emergency personnel, providing transportationfor emergency workers and supplies, providing communications equipment andby coordinating international aid.

ADRC

Nepal

Country
Report(1998)

Japan

1000 blankets, 21 boxes of medical articles

ADRC

Nepal

Country
Report(1998)

Republic of Korea

50,000 Nepal rupee

ADRC

Nepal

Country
Report(1998)

CARE

It is 680,000 Nepal rupee to restoration of water for irrigation, waterworks, anda road.

ADRC

Nepal

Country
Report(1998)

UMN

Food and the medical article for 50,000 Nepal rupee

The Government is seeking domestic and international assistance to provide
basic relief to the flood victims.
DREF

CHF 50,000
A fund is offered

Table 5-2-2-2 Dispatch of the Japan Disaster Relief Team(FY 1990 - FY 1998)〈ADRC member countries〉
YearCountry

Category

Date

Casualties

Team

Dispatch

Category
1990

MemberPhilippines

Earthquake

July.16,`90

Duration

Size of team

decided

1,660 Rescue

7/17/90

7/18～7/26

26

Medical

7/17/90

7/17～7/24

8Experts

7/27/90

7/29～8/7

8

3

teams

Total

6teams

1991

Bangladesh

CycloneApr.29,`91

120,000 Rescue

5/13/91

5/15～6/450

Philippines

TyphoonNov.5,`912,699 Medical

11/11/91

11/11～11/23

62teams

Member42 persons
84 persons

56 persons

9teams1992

ｲﾝﾄﾞﾈｼｱ

Earthquake

Member

1teams8 personsTotal

3teams29 persons

1993

NTotal\160,814,000

125 persons
Dec.12,`92

1,216 Experts

12/18/92\471,777,000
12/20～12/30

8TsunamilFld

J l 29 `93

1 048 M dil

7/29/93\80,860,000
7/31 8/13

9

1993

Nepal

FloodsJuly.29, 93

7/29/93

7/31～8/13

Experts

8/24/93

8/25～9/7

7

1 Rescue

12/13/93

12/13～12/20

24

Malaysia

Collapsedbuilding

3teams

40 persons

3teams40 persons

1994

Indonesia

Eruption

Member

1teams1teamsIndonesia

Earthquake

Member

Dec.11,`93

1,048 Medical

9\89,281,000

Total

Total
1995

Nov.26,`94

58 Experts

11/26/94

11/25～12/13

55 persons
5 personsFeb.27,`95

Experts

Feb.95\7,260,000
2/26～3/5

3TsunamiMember

1teamsTotal

1teams

1996

Bangladesh

TornadeMember

1teams2teamsMalaysia

Air pollution

Late June-Experts

9/26/97

9/29～10/10

6

Indonesia

Forest Fires

Late June-Experts1

9/26/97

9/29～10/10

6Experts2

10/20/97

10/22～11/11

44

Singapore

Oil spills

Occt.15,’97

Experts

10/17/97

10/18～11/1

7

4teams4teams

PNG

TsunamiJuly 17,`98

1,540 Medical

BangladeshFloods

Mid July-783 Experts

2teams18 persons

7teams295 persons

Total
1997

MemberTotal
1998

MemberTotal

3 persons
3 personsMay 16,`96525 Medical

5/16/96\8,911,000
5/17～5/30

16

16 persons
40 persons\133,669,000

63 persons
63 persons\358,420,000
7/21～8/3

11

10/2～10/15

7

1990～1998 ADRC member/advisery countries total

18 teams

251Persons

1990～1998 Global total

36 teams

684persons

Source: Outline of International Emergency Relief
Project(JICA,Feb.'99), Front Lines of International Emergency Relief (International Cooperation Press)

Table 5-2-2-3 Emergency Relief Provided by Japan and other Countries and Evaluation of Host Countries<ADRC member countries only (FY 1997)>
Dispatch ofCountry

Category

Date

Supplies donatedExperts

Response by other countries(US$1,000)

Evaluation of hostcountries

Tents for 100 - 20
China

TyphoonAug.18 `97 ----

Tents for 20 - 14

Expressed sincere
gratitude for rapid
emergency relief.

----

Tents for 8 - 13
\29,912,240
Sleeping mats - 1,000
Blankets (normal) - 1,750
Flashlights - 500
MyanmarFloods

Late July - ----

Detergent - 280
Soap - 3,000

Australia (funds) - 40
UK (funds) - 130
Germany (supplies) 100

Much gratitude for thequick
emergency
relief. Should promote
friendly
relations
betweenthetwocountries.

Netherlands (funds) - 50
Norway (supplies) - 20
India (supplies) - 30

Towels - 1,800

Korea (supplies) - 30

\11,745,134

USA (funds)- 30\11,745,134

Indonesia

Forest fire

Late June - ----

Back-carried fire-fighting Australia
water bag - 300(funds,dispatch\17,390,000 personnel) - 1,440
Canada(funds, dispatch ofpersonnel) - 870---ofMalaysia

China (supplies) - 120
Back-carried fire-fighting---water bag - 300
Germany (supplies, dispatchof personnel) - 380

Air Pollution Late June - ----

\18,038,000
Korea (funds) - 100

Expert teams - 6

Deep gratitude fordispatch of expert
teams.
Will\17,390,000 Norway(funds, dispatch ofincorporate
surveypersonnel, supplies) - 290
findings
infuture
Russia(supplies, dispatch of plans.
Netherlands (funds) - 130

Ministry of Foreign Affairs - 1
Indonesia

Forest FireLate June - Fire Defense Agency - 2
Physicians -2
JICA - 1personnel) - 1,020
Helped prepare

English reportthat includes
technicalproposals on theThailand (supplies, dispatch environment andof personnel) - 50
\21,893,010
medical fields andmade proposals
UK (funds) - 130
Swedenpersonnel)

Expert team - 6
Ministry of Foreign Affairs -1
Malaysia

Air pollution Late June -Experts oncontrol - 2

airpollution

Physicians - 2(dispatchUSA (funds, dispatch ofpersonnel) - 30

JICA - 1ofconcerning futurecontingency plans to
the Ministry of
Scientific Technologyand Environment

Portablefire-fighting pump sets - 50
Indonesia

Forest fire

Back-carried fire-fighting---water bags - 300

Late June - --------

Portable loudspeakers - 50
Wireless equipment - 50
\74,816,500
Expert teams - 44
Ministry of Foreign Affairs - 2
Fire Defense Agency - 1
Metropolitan Fire Board - 19
Yokohama
Bureau -2
Indonesia

Forest fire

Municipal

Fire

Municipal
Late June - Nagoya
Bureau - 5Fire\224,888,676 ------

President
Suhartoacknowledged
thehelp.

\94,504,610 ----MPA and others
concerned highly
appreciated efforts torecover floating oil (sothin that it is difficultto identify) every day
as well as the recovery
techniques used.

Osaka Municipal Fire Bureau-3
Physicians/Nurses - 2
JICA - 5All
NipponMaintenance - 5

AirwaysExpert teams - 7
Maritime Safety Agency - 1
Singapore

Oil spills

Oct.15.97

3rd Regional Maritime Safety
HQ - 4
JICA - 2

Australia (funds) - 230

Viet Nam

TyphoonNov .2.97----

Medical supplies -3

China (funds) - 20

\6,040,529

France (funds) - 110
Netherlands (funds) - 5
Norway (funds) - 4

Gratitude for valuablesupport. Will makemost of the supplies torespond
tothe
goodwill shown byJapan.

\6,040,529
ChinaEarthquake

Jan 10.98----Tents for 20 - 15

Australia (funds) - 50

Tents for 8 - 4

Denmark (funds) - 30

Deep gratitude for thekind help from Japan
whenever a disasteroccurs. Will pass relief

Sleeping mats - 600

France (funds) - 170

Blankets (against cold) - Germany (funds) - 40
350
Norway (funds) - 40
Water purifiers - 14
Netherlands (funds) - 30
Portable generators - 30
UK (funds) - 330
Cord reels - 30
USA (funds) - 530
Flashlights - 300

supplies to theaffected area andconvey the goodwill ofthe people andGovernment of Japanto the victims.

Dry batteries - 900\30,484,750
Source: International Emergency Relief No. 22 (JICA)

5-2-3 Future Policy
In fiscal 1998, we gathered information on what kind of emergency relief was provided by other countries and other entities forwhat kind of disasters, by referring to existing documents and past cases in Japan.
We also gathered information on how host countries evaluated Japanese emergency relief.
In the future, we will gather such after-the-fact information through cooperation from the countries and organizations
concerned, in the hope of finding an optimal way of providing and asking for relief by examining what concrete effects each typeof emergency relief had on the affected countries, if timing and contents of the relief was appropriate, and how and to whereaffected countries should have provided information to enable other countries to provide relief in a more effective manner.