Thermal No. 4 January 31, 2022
ISSN: 2637-3777

No. 4 January 31, 2022

Temperature-, Heat-, Energy-, Reaction-, Mass-related Alliance to Communicate within,
and Publicize beyond, the World Thermal Science and Engineering Community

Part 1
AUTSE ................ 1

EUROTHERM ... 3

ICHMT ................5

AIHTC ................. 9

ASTFE ............... 10Part 2This part is newly introduced for spontaneous submissions from the members of the above organizations. Although theircontents are free, only the title of the first article is defined as “Overview” of each member. After the second article,
research topics, opinions, essays, etc. are welcome. The only restriction is that its length is no more than 2 pages.
Australia ............ 11
Belarus ............... 13
Brazil ................. 15
Canada .............. 17
China ................. 19
Chinese Taipei .. 21

France................ 23
Germany ........... 25
Ireland ............... 27
Israel .................. 29
Italy.................... 31
Japan ................. 33

Morocco .............35
New Zealand ......37
Poland ................39
Portugal..............41
Russia .................43
Serbia .................45

Singapore ........... 47
South Africa ...... 49
South Korea....... 51
Sweden ............... 53
Thailand............. 55
The Netherlands 57

Turkey ............... 59
UK ...................... 61

Copyright © 2022 Thermal. All rights reserved.
www.ichmt.org | www.aihtc.org | www.astfe.org | www.autse-asia.org | www.eurothermcommittee.eu
The cover design by courtesy of Begell House Inc.
Contact us: thermal@begellhouse.com

Thermal No. 4 January 31, 2022

Thermal No. 4 January 31, 2022

Asian Union of Thermal Science and Engineering(AUTSE)
Yasuyuki Takata, President
Kyushu University, Japan, takata@mech.kyushu-u.ac.jp
New member
In October 2021, AUTSE welcomed Singapore as the 7th member country. AUTSE started with three countries,
which are China, Korea and Japan in 2015 and then expanded to six countries/regions by adding India in 2017,
Chinese Taipei in 2018 and Australia in 2019. The professional organization representing Singapore is the Cooling
Energy Science and Technology Singapore (CoolestSG) which consists of industry, academia and government
research institutes. We are very pleased to have Singapore as a new member and expect further enhancement ofscientific activities in AUTSE.
AUTSE Fellows
AUTSE has establihed a fellowship in June 2021. AUTSE Fellow is a title for those who have demonstrated
significant individual responsibility and should have sustained achievements and professionalism in the field of
thermal sciences and engineering. We selected 24 individuals as Founding Fellows who are listed in the AUTSE
website. Call for nomination for AUTSE Fellows will be made every two years and selected by the Fellow Review
Committee. The detail is available through AUTSE website.
Activities
The 2nd Asian Conference on Thermal Sciences (ACTS) was
successfully held on October 3-7, 2021, after one year postponement.
AUTSE sponsored the ACTS chaired by Prof. K. Hanamura at Tokyo
Institute of Technology with the Heat Transfer Society of Japan (HTSJ)
as the host organization. The conference consisted of 340 participantsfrom 11 countries/regions (China, Korea, Chinese Taipei, Australia,
India, Singapore, Thailand, Netherland, UK, USA and Japan), 274
Prof. Ken Okazakipresentations, 7 plenary and 23 Keynotes.
Tokyo InstituteDuring the conference, award ceremony and lectures of the AUTSE
of Technology
Outstanding Achievement Award for Prof. Ken Okazaki
and Prof. Sang Yong Lee were conducted followed by
the conferment of AUTSE Young Scientist Award forthree young researchers. In addition to above events,
award ceremony and lecture of Nukiyama Memorial
Award 2020 were conducted with Prof. Ronggui Yang,awardee of NMA2020.

Thermal Filler 1 World Languages on Thermal
Afrikaans
ArabicChineseDutch
EnglishFrenchGerman
Greek
Hebrew
Hindi

Prof. Sang Yong Lee
Korean Advanced Instituteof Science and Technology

warmte- en massa-oordragtermiese wetenskappe en ingenieurswese‫ﺍﻧﺗﻘﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺣﺭﺍﺭﺓ ﻭﺍﻟﻛﺛﻠﺔ‬传热传质 (chuan re chuan zhi)
warmte- en massaoverdracht
heat and mass transfer
transfert de chaleur et de masse
Wärme- und StoffübertragungΜεταφορά Θερμότητας και Μάζας
ΜΕΤΑΦΟΡΑ ΘΕΡΜΟΤΗΤΑΣ ΚΑΙΜΑΖΑΣ‫מעבר חום ומסה‬(ma’avar chom ve-masa)ऊ ा एवंमान चारण
ūṣmā ēvaṁ dravyamāna pracāraṇa

Italian

Trasporto di calore e di massa

Japanese
KoreanPolishPortuguese
Russian
SpanishSwedishTurkish

熱物質輸送 (netsu busshitsu yuso)열물질전달 (yeol muljil jeondal)

Transport masy i ciepła
Transferência de calor e massaтепло- и массообмен
Transferencia de Calor y Masa
värme- och massöverföring
Isı ve Kütle Transferi

热科学与工程 (re ke xue yu gong cheng)

温度 (wen du)thermische ingenieurswetenschappen
thermal science and engineering
thermique
Thermische IngenieurswissenschaftenΕπιστήμη και Μηχανική της Θερμότητας
ΕΠΙΣΤΗΜΗ ΚΑΙ ΜΗΧΑΝΙΚΗ ΤΗΣΘΕΡΜΟΤΗΤΑΣ
‫מדעים והנדסה תרמיים‬(mada’im ve-handasa termi’im)ऊ ीय िव ान एवं अिभयां ि कीūṣmīya vijñāna ēvaṁ abhiyāntrikī
Scienze e ingegneria termiche(not really used in Italian)
熱科学工学 (netsu kagaku kogaku)열과학공학 (yeol kwahak konghak)Technika cieplna
Engenharia e Ciências Térmicasтеплофизика и теплотехника
Ciencia e Ingenier Tmica
termisk vetenskap och ingenjörskonst
Isı Bilimi ve Mühendisliği

temperatuur
temperature
température
Temperatur

On Oct. 4, 2021, we had the 10th Executive Board
Meeting online. As introduced above, participation ofSingapore as a new member and an establishment of theFellow Review Committee chaired by Prof. Sung Jin Kim
were approved. Regarding the 3rd ACTS, Prof. ChangYing Zhao reported that the conference is tentatively
scheduled for June 23–27, 2024 at Fuyue Hotel, Shanghai,
China.

1

temperatuur‫ﺩﺭﺟﺔ ﺍﻟﺣﺭﺍﺭﺓ‬2Θερμοκρασία
ΘΕΡΜΟΚΡΑΣΙΑ
‫טמפרטורה‬(temperatura)तापमान
tāpamāna
temperatura
温度 (ondo)온도 (ondo)

Temperatura
Temperaturaтемпература
Temperatura
temperatur
SıcaklıkThermal No. 4 January 31, 2022

EUROTHERM
Janusz Szmyd, President
AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
janusz.szmyd@agh.edu.pl

Recent Eurotherm Seminars
 Eurotherm Seminar No. 115 - Caloric Heating and Cooling

Thermal No. 4 January 31, 2022
Zhen Cao, who received the 2020 Eurotherm Young Scientist Prize, and Dr. Germilly Barreto, whoreceived a 2020 Eurotherm Young Scientist Award.
The conference proceedings were published in the Journal of Physics: Conference Series(https://iopscience.iop.org/issue/1742-6596/2116/1). The authors of the best papers, selected by themembers of the organization and scientific committees who attended the conference and the session
chairs, were invited after the conference to submit full manuscripts to special issues of two
international journals: Applied Thermal Engineering and Heat and Mass Transfer. The submitted
papers will be peer reviewed following the standard process for these journals.

This seminar was held virtually from 13rd to15th July, 2021. It was chaired by Profs. Ekkes
Brück, Mina Shahi and Muhammet S. Toprak.
Young Scientist Prize and Awards
The Eurotherm Committee confers, every four years, one Eurotherm Young Scientist Prize and two
Eurotherm Awards. The prizes are presented at the European Thermal Sciences Conference. The
candidates must have obtained within one of the Eurotherm countries a Ph.D. degree in the field ofThermal Sciences and Heat Transfer. They should be younger than 35 years at the date of the prize.
Each European country is allowed to submit to the Prize Committee a maximum of two candidates
for the Prize and the Awards. The Prize Committee is nominated every four years by the Eurotherm
Committee, and consists of six members chosen within its delegates. In 2020, the Prize Committee isconstituted by Profs. Andrzej Nowak, Stephan Kabelac, Michel de Paepe, Gian Luca Morini, Peter
Stephan, Theo van der Meer.
The 2020 Eurotherm Young Scientist Prize was awarded to Dr. Zhen Cao, from the Lund University,
Sweden. His Ph.D. thesis, entitled “Pool Boiling on Structured Surfaces: Heat Transfer and CriticalHeat Flux: Experiments and Mechanistic Modelling”, was completed in 2019. The two 2020
Eurotherm Young Scientist Awards were given to Dr. Jaume Garcia, from the University of Lleida,in Spain, and Dr. Germilly Barreto, from the University of Évora, in Portugal. Jaume Garcia
completed the Ph.D. in 2018 with a thesis entitled “Technological requirements in latent heat thermalenergy storage systems: Study of the partial load operating conditions and the dynamic melting
enhancement technique”. Germilly Barreto completed the Ph.D. in 2020 with a thesis entitled“Modelling and optimisation of porous volumetric receivers in point-focus solar concentration
systems”.

Thermal Filler 2 The Greatest Heat Transfer on the Earth

8th European Thermal Sciences Conference
The 8th European Thermal Sciences Conference was held virtually from the 20th to the 22nd September,
2021. It was chaired by Professor Pedro Coelho, from Instituto superior Técnico, University of Lisbon,
Portugal. All submitted papers were peer reviewed, and 130 papers were accepted for presentation at
the conference (116 for oral presentation and 14 for poster presentation). The contributed oralpresentations are organized in 24 sessions that are scheduled in blocks of three parallel sessions.
In addition, eight state-of-the-art keynote lectures were delivered by world leading experts, namely
Maria da Graça Carvalho from Instituto Superior Técnico, University of Lisbon (currently memberof the European Parliament), Helcio Orlande from the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil,
Denis Maillet, from the University of Lorraine, France, Ryszard_Bialecki from the SilesianUniversity of Technology, Gliwice, Poland, Wojciech Lipiński from the Australian National
University, Canberra, Australia, Pinar Mengüç from the Özyeğin University, Istanbul, Turkey, Sung
Jin Kim from the Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, South Korea andBengt Sundén from the Lund University, Lund, Sweden. Invited lectures were also delivered by Dr.
3Comparison of the incoming solar radiation and outgoing terrestrial radiation
based on “Satellite Observations of the Earth's Radiation Budget”
by T. H. Vonder Haar, and V. E. Suomi, Science, 163 (3868), 1969.

4

Thermal No. 4 January 31, 2022

Thermal No. 4 January 31, 2022

International Centre for Heat and Mass Transfer (ICHMT)
Terrence Simon, President
University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, U.S.A., simon002@umn.edu
Ilker Tari, Tugba Gun
ICHMT2020 Online EC Meeting of ICHMTHeat and Mass Transfer are of major importance to our human activity: chemical processing, energy
conversion, power generation, food and pharmaceutics processing, materials and metallurgy, transportation,
space exploration, thermal control and manufacturing of electronics, bioengineering and biomedical
applications, indoor climate, addressing worldwide climate change, and more. Much of the technology needed
for sustainable development while minimizing the impact of our activities on the climate requires continued
advancement of our knowledge of heat and mass transfer. The community has addressed this continuing needfor decades, contributing greatly to modern medicine, transportation, electronics, manufacturing, living
comfort, protection of the environment, and so much more. The science and applications of heat and masstransfer continue to mature and prepare our society to confront renewed challenges. The development of newtechniques, new instruments, and new methods will allow our society to continue to flourish. The present
reality is that clearly, heat and mass transfer advancements will be crucial to satisfying our existential need tosave our planet. Heat and mass transfer development is needed to allow civilization to continue to develop andprosper with attention to health, comfort, productivity and mobility while paying increasingly more attention
to reducing stresses on the environment. The multiple facets of heat and mass transfer continue to widen into
more advanced methods in medicine, transportation, efficient use of chemicals, nuclear energy, solar and wind
power, and mitigation of polluting our soil, water, and air. Much awaits us with greater understanding ofphenomena and continued development of the knowledge needed to support our worldwide activities. We
continue to advance our computer simulations in concert with increasingly sophisticated optimization routinesand experimental and diagnostic techniques. We will continue to open new frontiers of discovery that we canonly imagine at this time. We have come far since the beginning of the International Centre for Heat and Mass
Transfer over fifty years ago. Our continued endeavors are now taking us to ever widening scales, from thesize of sub-atomic particles to the expanse of galaxies. Presently, the rapid pace in development supported byour heat and mass transfer research is yielding vast new opportunities as we create integrated processes andnew materials designed to address the thermal technology needs of future generations.
In 2018, the ICHMT celebrated its 50thyear advancing its noble mission of providing apolitical forums for theworld's leading scientists and engineers in all branches of heat and mass transfer to communicate, collaborate,
and pursue excellence. The Centre continues to foster international exchange and cooperation. Its prime
activities are the scientific and engineering conferences and symposia, problem-focused meetings, forums,
international schools and short courses, as well as publications of proceedings archived as ICHMT publications,
all aimed at promoting research and education, as well as mutual understanding and good will for the benefitof humankind. The fast pace that we will realize in the future will require ever more effective communication.

Meetings Organized by ICHMT:As you well know, many international conferences scheduled last year have been postponed or cancelled
because of COVID-19. Meetings Organized by ICHMT and Co-Sponsored by ICHMT is also postponed to2021 and 2022. Below please find the details of these meetings;“8th International Symposium on Advances in Computational Heat Transfer, CHT-21” washeld in a full online format, during August 15 – 19, 2021. The Symposium Co-Chairmen were Professor
Yogesh Jaluria, Rutgers University, USA and Professor Helcio R. B. Orlande, Federal University of Rio deJaneiro, UFRJ, Brazil. Detailed information can be found on the Web site: https://www.ichmt.org/cht-21

Meetings Co-Sponsored by ICHMT:“5-6th Thermal and Fluids Engineering Conference, TFEC-2021”, 26 – 28 May 2021, in New Orleans LA,
USA (the conference was a virtual conference held entirely online). The Symposium Co-Chairmen were Dr.
Ting Wang and Dr. Michael W. Plesniak.
“15th International Conference on Heat Transfer, Fluid Mechanics and Thermodynamics, HEFAT2021”, 26 - 28 July, 2021, in Amsterdam, Netherlands. The symposium Chairman was Professor Josua P.
Meyer.
“6th International Workshop on Heat/Mass Transfer Advances for Energy Conservation and Pollution
Control (on-line), IWHT-2021”, 13 - 16 August 2021 in Harbin, China. The Symposium Co-Chairmen were
Y.J. Li, Q.W. Wang and Y.T. Chen.
The organization of several future meetings have continued. These are;Meetings to be Organized by ICHMT:“3rd International Symposium on Convective Heat and Mass Transfer, CONV-22”, 5 - 10 June, 2022,
Izmir, Turkey. The symposium Chairmen are Dr. Mourad Rebay, University of Reims, France and Dr.
Alpaslan Turgut, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey. Detailed information can be found on the Web site:

https://www.ichmt.org/conv-22
5

6

Thermal No. 4 January 31, 2022

Thermal No. 4 January 31, 2022
Officers of ICHMTExecutive Committee 1.1.2019 - 31.12.2022
President
Terrence W. SIMON
United States of America
Vice Presidents
Yildiz BAYAZITOGLU
United States of America“10th International Symposium on Turbulence Heat and Mass Transfer, THMT-22, 5 – 8 July 2022, in
St. Petersburg, Russia. The Symposium Chairman is Professor D. Markovich, Kutateladze Institute ofThermophysics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Russia. The Symposium Co-Chairmen are
Professor K. Hanjalic, Delft University of Technology, The Netherlands and Professor K. Suga, Osaka
Prefecture University, Japan. Detailed information can be found on the Web site: http://www.thmt-22.org/

Meetings to be Co-sponsored by ICHMT:“7th Thermal and Fluids Engineering Conference (Hybrid), TFEC-2022”, 16 - 18 May 2022, partiallyonline virtual and in person at University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV, USA. The Symposium Co-Chairmen are
Dr. Darrell W. Pepper, University of Nevada, USA and Dr. Nesrin Ozalp, Purdue University Northwest, USA.
Detailed information can be found on the Web site: https://www.astfe.org/tfec2022/“14th International Conference on Thermal Engineering Theory and Applications, ICTEA-2022”, 22 –
24 May 2022, in Baku, Azerbaijan. The Symposium Co-Chairmen are Professor Yusif Abdullayev, Baku
Engineering University, Azerbaijan and Professor M.Ziad Saghir, Ryerson University, Canada. Detailed
information can be found on the Web site: https://www.ictea.ca/

Secretary General
Ilker TARI
TurkeyExecutive Committee Chairman
Executive Committee Vice Chairman
Pedro Jorge Martins COELHO
Pinar MENGÜÇ
Portugal
TurkeyElected Executive Committee Members
Pedro Jorge Martins
Renato M. COTTA
Paolo DI MARCO
COELHO
BrazilItaly
Portugal
Leonid DOMBROVSKY
RussiaUlrich GROSS
Germany

Yogesh JALURIA
United States of America

Denis LEMONNIER
FranceAbdulmajeed
MOHAMAD
CanadaBrent WEBB
United States of America

Wojciech LIPINSKI
PolandPinar MENGÜÇ
TurkeyJacques PADETFranceJohn THOME
Switzerland

Hideo YOSHIDA
Japan

Xing ZHANG
ChinaFinancial Auditors
Kyle DAUN
Canada

Maurizio CUMO
Italy

Organization:“12th Mediterranean Combustion Symposium, MCS-2023”, 23 – 26 January 2023, Luxor, Egypt. The
symposium Co-Chairmen are Dr. Federico Beretta, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Napoli, Italy; Prof.
Nevin Selcuk, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey; Prof. Mohy S. Mansour, American
University in Cairo, Egypt and Prof. Andrea d’Anna, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Naples,
Italy. Detailed information can be found on the Web site: https://www.combustioninstitute.org/ci-

Publications:“17th International Heat Transfer Conference, IHTC-17”, 3 – 7 July 2023, Cape Town, South Africa. The
symposium Chairman is Josua P. Meyer, University of Pretoria, South Africa. Detailed information can befound on the Web site: https://ihtc17.org/

7

Yogesh JALURIA
United States of America

Mikhail A. SHEREMET
Russia

Past Presidents who are ex-officio voting members of the Executive Committee“16th International Conference on Heat Transfer, Fluid Mechanics and Thermodynamics and the
Editorial Board of Applied Thermal Engineering, HEFAT-ATE 2022”, 8 - 10 August, 2022, in Amsterdam,
Netherlands. The symposium Chairman is Professor Josua P. Meyer, University of Pretoria, South Africa.
Detailed information can be found on the Web site: https://hefat2022.org/

event/12th-mediterranean-combustion-symposium/Peter STEPHAN
Germany

Richard J. GOLDSTEIN
United States of America

Kemal HANJALIC
Bosnia Herzegovina

https://www.ichmt.org/p/officers-of-ichmt- 42 Member Institutions from 31 countries- More than 200 Scientific Council members- Officers: President, Vice Presidents, Secretary General, Executive Committee (15 members), Financial
Auditors

Proceedings of ICHMT Meetings
https://www.ichmt.org/p/proceedings-of-ichmt-meetings
Other Publications
https://www.ichmt.org/p/other-publications
ICHMT Digital Library
http://dl.begellhouse.com/references/1bb331655c289a0a.html

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Thermal No. 4 January 31, 2022

Thermal No. 4 January 31, 2022

AIHTC

American Society of Thermal and Fluids Engineers (ASTFE)

IHTC-17 03 – 07 JULY 2023, Cape Town
17th International Heat Transfer Conference

Yong X. Tao, President
Cleveland State University, Cleveland OH, U.S.A., ytao19@csuohio.edu

https://ihtc17.org/
History of IHTC and AIHTC
The Assembly for International Heat Transfer Conferences (AIHTC) organizes the series ofquadrennial International Heat Transfer Conferences (IHTCs) – the Heat Transfer Olympics – since1966. The origin of the IHTCs is an International Discussion on Heat Transfer held in London (Chair,
O.A. Saunders) and Atlantic City (Chair, A.P. Colburn) 1951; this was regarded as IHTC-1. Ten years
later, a succeeding International Heat Transfer Conference was held in Boulder 1961 and in London
1962, which was regarded as IHTC-2. After IHTC-3 held in Chicago 1966, IHTCs have been
continuously held every four years having the recent one IHTC-16 held in Beijing 2018 followed by
the next two in Cape Town 2022 (postponed to 2023) and Rio de Janeiro 2026. It has been organizedin 17 cities of 10 countries.
For over 70 years, IHTC has been the largest worldwide forum on heat transfer (HT) and thermalscience and engineering (TSE), and devoted to meet the scientific and social challenges as the thermalenergy usage, environmental sustainability, material processing, bio-science, etc. The mission of
IHTC has become more important with the rapid increase in the activity of human society.

New Executive Committee
Formed in January 2022, the Executive Committee (EC) of American Society of Thermal and Fluids Engineers willlead the society’s essential functions in planning conferences and membership initiatives. Reporting to the ASTFE
Board of Directors, the Executive Committee consists of five members, Professor Wilson Chiu of University ofConnecticut, Professor Lorenzo Cremaschi of Auburn University (EC Chair), Professor Jon Longtin of Stoney
Brook University, Professor Nesrin Ozalp of Purdue University Northwest and Professor Ting
Wang of University of New Orleans. For more information, contact info@astfe.org.
2022 ASTFE Fellows and Thermal and Fluids Engineering Awardee
ASTFE continues to honor our members for impressive achievements and contributions. Three
new distinguished scholars, Professors Jane Davidson, Wilson Chiu and Darrell Pepper havebeen elected as Fellows in 2022. In addition, the 2022 Thermal and Fluids Engineering Award
will be presented to Professor Sivaramakrishnan (Bala) Balachandar of University of Florida
in recognition of substantial contributions to the field. These awards will be presented at the
7th Thermal and Fluids Engineers Conference (TFEC), May 16-18, 2022, in Las Vegas.

Prof.
Sivaramakrishnan(Bala) Balachandar
University of Florida

Annual Conferences
The 5th-6th Thermal and Fluids Engineering Conference(TFEC 2021) was held virtually during May 26-28, 2021.
The Chairs of the conference were Drs. Ting Wang andMichael W. Plesniak, and program chair and co-chair were
Drs. Ankur Jain and Lorenzo Cremaschi. Due to the Covid19 pandemic, TFEC 2020, which was originally planned tobe held in New Orleans, Louisiana, in April 2020, was Prof. Jane Davidson Prof. Wilson Chiu Prof. Darrell Pepper
University of
postponed and combined with the 6th Thermal and Fluids
University of
University ofConnecticut
Nevada Las Vegas
Minnesota
Engineering Conference (TFEC 2021) and held as a virtual
conference. For this combined conference 150 participants
carried over from 2020 attended and presented, in addition to another 105 new participants for this year’s 2021
conference. Participants from over 30 countries on nearly all continents attended the virtual conference. The
technical program also hosted 4 plenary speakers, 9 keynote presentations, and 4 invited speakers in the Technology,
Entrepreneurship and Communication (TEC-talk) session. In addition, invited speakers from 8 special panelsessions and one NSF-sponsored student session attended the conference. These sessions were: River Management
and Flood Control Panel, Federal Research Funding Outlook and Opportunities, TEC Talks, the Sustainability Tank,
Fluid Mechanics of Speech, and Industrial Multiphase CFD. The complete program can be found athttps://www.astfe.org/conferences/tfec2021/TFEC2021_program.pdf.

Important Dates of IHTC-17
Call for Papers
Monday, 02 May 2022
Abstract Submission Deadline
Wednesday, 31 August 2022
Abstract Acceptance Notification
Friday, 30 September 2022
Full-Length Draft Paper Submission Deadline Saturday, 31 December 2022
Registration Opens
Wednesday, 01 March 2023
Full-Length Draft Paper, Post-Review, Acceptance Notification
Wednesday, 15 March 2023
Final Full-Length Paper Submission Deadline Monday, 01 May 2023
Final Registration and Payment Deadline
Monday, 15 May 2023
9

The 26th National 4th International
ISHMT-ASTFE Heat and Mass
Transfer Conference (IHMTC 2021)
ASTFE continues its international
collaboration with the Indian Society ofHeat and Mass Transfer (ISHMT) for the2021 ISHMT-ASTFE conference, held
virtually in December 17-20, 2021, andjointly celebrating the 50th anniversaryof the ISHMT with the organizing teamat IIT Madras led by Professor T.
Sundararajan.

10Thermal No. 4 January 31, 2022

Thermal No. 4 January 31, 2022

Members in the five international organizations(The order of ASTFE, EUROTHERM and AUTSE is changed corresponding to the geographical one.)

Member †Australia
Austria
BelarusBelgiumBrazilCanadaChina
Chinese Taipei
Czech Republic
Egypt
FinlandFranceGermany
GreeceHungary
India
IrelandIsraelItaly
Japan
MexicoMoroccoNew Zealand
PolandPortugal
Romania
RussiaSerbiaSingapore
South Africa
South Korea
Slovenia
Spain
SwedenSwitzerland
ThailandThe Netherlands
Turkey
UK
USA
40

ICHMT

AIHTC

ASTFE

EUROTHERM

AUTSE

31

18

2

16

7

† The meaning of “Member” is different for the five international organizations.
ICHMT: Members are based on Member Institutions. https://www.ichmt.org/p/member-institutions
AIHTC: Members are based on Countries. http://www.aihtc.org/officers.html
ASTFE: USA (but, basically worldwide, particularly North America). https://www.astfe.org/about/
AUTSE: Members are based on Countries/Regions. http://autse-asia.org/?page_id=21
EUROTHERM: Members are based on Countries. http://www.eurothermcommittee.eu/membership.php

Thermal No. 4 January 31, 2022

Thermal No. 4 January 31, 2022
3. Major Journals

Australia
Member of ICHMT, AIHTC, AUTSE(1) Overview(Australia Standard Time: from UTC+8 to UTC+10, Population: 27.1 million)- Australian Journal of Mechanical Engineering- Australian Journal of Multi-disciplinary Engineering- Australasian Journal of Engineering Education
4. Awards
The AFTES offers awards such as Best Student Presentation Award and Best Paper Award at the AHMTC andthe ANCW.

5. Education (Undergraduate/Graduate)- Primary School, 6 years; High School 6 years. Undergraduate Engineering University, 4 years.
- Each University’s Engineering program is regularly accredited by the Engineers Australia Accreditation Board.
- Research-based Master’s degree have a typical duration of 2 years, while Doctorate program (PhD) runs inaverage for 3.5 to 4 years to complete.

6. University system.
1. Organizations
Engineers Australia is the national forum for the advancement of engineering and the professional developmentof our members. With more than 100,000 members embracing all disciplines of the engineering team, Engineers
Australia is the largest and most diverse professional body for engineers in Australia.

There are approximately 40 universities in Australia which are mostly publicly funded. Most Universities
in Australia offer Engineering degrees and courses. The best-known Australian universities are the Group of
Eight Universities comprising Australia's most research-intensive institutions including the University of
Adelaide, the Australian National University, the University of Melbourne, Monash University, UNSW
Sydney, the University of Queensland, the University of Sydney and the University of Western Australia.

The Heat and Mass Transfer and Thermal Fluid Mechanics community in Australia is represented by Australasian
Fluid and Thermal Engineering Society (AFTES). The general mission of the Society is to promote and foster
the understanding and application of fluid mechanics, thermodynamics, heat and mass transfer and related subjects
within Australasia to the general benefit of the community at large. The society publishes an occasional newsletterand runs conferences, workshops and seminars.
2. Major meetings
The Australasian Heat and Mass Transfer Conference (AHMTC) series, initiated in 1973, are organised under
the auspices of the AFTES. It provides a research forum for disseminating new knowledge to the Heat and Mass
Transfer research community and for networking and exchanging research ideas. The AHMTC series covers both
fundamental and applied topics in broad areas of convection, conduction, radiation, turbulence, multi-phase flow,
combustion, drying, heat exchangers, computational and experimental methods, and other significant thermal
processes in built environment and in environmental and industrial processes.

The academic positions are lecturer, senior lecturer, associate professor and professor. Further information
about Australian universities may be found on the Universities Australia web site.

7. Common Scientific Research Funding Agencies

Previous AHMTC conferences were held in Melbourne (1973, 1985, 2011, 2018), Sydney (1977, 1996),
Christchurch (1989), Brisbane (1993, 2016), Townsville (2000) and Perth (2005). While the AHMTC is mainly
based in Australia and New Zealand, the previous conferences have attracted high-profile international keynote
and invited speakers and a significant number of international participants from US, Europe, China, Canada, Japan,
Malaysia and Singapore etc. We welcome researchers from all over the world to participate in the conferences.

- Australian Research Council (ARC)- National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC)- Australian Renewable Energy Agency (ARENA)- Cooperative Research Centres (CRC)

The 12th Australasian Heat and Mass Transfer Conference (AHMTC) will be held in Sydney on 30 June to 1 July
2022. Please visit the AHMTC website for further information.

8. Major Federal Public Research Institutes

In addition to the AHMTC series, the Australasian Natural Convection Workshops (ANCW) are held regularly
for a focused interest group. The most recent one, the 11ANCW, was held in Sydney. AFTES members also
actively participate in the biennial Australasian Fluid Mechanics Conferences (AFMC). The next AFMC
conference will also be held in Sydney.

11- Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO)- Defense Science and Technology Group (DSTG)

by Victoria Timchenko (ICHMT, AIHTC) and Chengwang Lei (AUTSE)

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Thermal No. 4 January 31, 2022

Thermal No. 4 January 31, 2022
3. Major Journals
Journal of Engineering Physics and Thermophysics (bimonthly). It is
published in Russian (Minsk) and in English (Springer)

Belarus
Member of ICHMT(1) Overview(Moscow Standard Time, MSK: UTC+3, Population 9.4 million)

1. Major Societies
Thermal science and engineering in Belarus are mostly concentrated in A.V. Luikov Heat & Mass Transfer Institute of
the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus (www.itmo.by). A number of specialists in thermal science belong to the
Joint Institute for Power and Nuclear Research – Sosny, Belorussian State University, Belorussian National Technical
University, Institute of Energetics of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Republican Unitary Enterprise
BELTEI, Republican Unitary Enterprise Belnipienergoprom, Yanka Kupala State University of Grodno, Sukhoi State
Technical University of Gomel, Belarusian State University of Food and Chemical Technologies. Most of Belorussianscientists and engineers in thermophysics and engineering are members of Public Association “Belarusian PhysicalSociety” which is an independent scientific public association of scientists, specialists and students working in the fieldof physics and related fields of science.

Doklady of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus (bimonthly).
It is the main journal of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus.
It is published in Russian (Minsk).
Energy Efficiency is the journal of Belarus Department for Energy Efficiency. It is published in Russian (Minsk).
4. Awards
A. V. Luikov International Award of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus
Theme: Problems of Heat and Mass Transfer
Periodicity: Once in 2 years
Number of Awards: Two (Belarusian and International)
5. Education
All pupils must follow the basic education curriculum up to the age of 15, and the vast majority of pupils stay at school
until they finish their high school education at 18.
At the age of 15, pupils that have successfully completed basic education can attend college or professional technicalinstitutions where they can focus on completing their high school education and work toward a professional certificate.
6. Completion of a high school or professional certificate allows students to apply to continue their education at
the university level
Most university courses run for 4-6 years. Master course is 1-2 years, and Doctor course is 3 years. There are two levelsof doctoral degree - Candidate of Science (PhD) and Doctor of Science (DrSc).
In May 2015 Belarus officially joined the Bologna Process – the European Higher Education Area.
7. Foundations of Scientific Research- The National Academy of Sciences of Belarus- State Committee on Science and Technology of the Republic of Belarus- The Ministry of Education in Belarus

2. Major Meetings
Minsk International Heat and Mass Transfer Forum
Since 1961 (once in 4 years)
Place: A.V. Luikov Heat&Mass Transfer Institute of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus
Participants: about 400 (maximum in 1972 - about 1335)
Minsk International Seminar Heat Pipes, Heat Pumps, Refrigerators, Power Sources
Since 1993 (once in 3 years)
Place: A.V. Luikov Heat&Mass Transfer Institute of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus
Participants: about 100
International Scientific-Technical Conference "Alternative sources of raw materials and fuel”
Since 2009 (every 2 years)
Place: Institute of Chemistry of New Materials of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus
Participants: about 120

138. Addendum
Belarus is a beautiful country located in the very heart of Europe. It borders five otherstates. The regions bordering Poland are in the west of the country, the north-westernpart is close to Lithuania, in the north Belarusian territories border Latvia and Russia, inthe south our country is close to the Ukraine and in the eastand north-east – to Russia. Most of the national landscapes
are flat. Almost fifty percent of the territory is covered withfields, forests and meadows. It is often named “blue-eyed” asthere are over thirteen thousand absolutely beautiful water pieces(lakes and rivers) here. There are two official languages within
the education system in Belarus, Russian and Belarusian. The
first and the largest city of Belarus is its capital Minsk which isquite a modern European city with almost two million people living there.
Director
A.V. Luikov Heat&Mass Transfer Instituteof the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus

Oleg PENYAZKOV

14penyaz@dnp.itmo.by
office@hmti.ac.by

Thermal No. 4 January 31, 2022

Thermal No. 4 January 31, 2022
3. Major Journals

BrazilMember of ICHMT, AIHTC(1) Overview(Time Zone: Most of the population resides in regions with time zone GMT-3, but the Brazilian
territory spreads from zones GMT-5 to GMT-2. Population: 214.1 million)
1. Organizations
The major organization that congregates thermal scientists in Brazil is ABCM – Brazilian Societyof Mechanical Engineering and Sciences (www.abcm.org.br). ABCM was founded on April 19,
1975. It is a non-profit organization with about 700 individual members and 4 institutional members.
Although ABCM is a general mechanical engineering organization, it counts with 19 TechnicalCommittees, many of them related to thermal sciences. ABCM is the Representative National
Organization at AIHTC and at ICHMT.
ABCM's goal is to congregate individuals and companies that share an interest in Engineering and
Mechanical Sciences, in order to: Contribute for the development of Engineering and Mechanical Sciences in Brazil;
 Promote research, as well as the interchange/diffusion of knowledge;
 Encourage an effective cooperation between Universities, Research Centers and Industries, inorder to contribute for the development of Brazil;
 Encourage the spreading of knowledge in Engineering and Mechanical Sciences through the
publication of textbooks, monographies, magazines, journals and other communication
media;
 Promote collaboration with related Institutes and Societies in Brazil and abroad; Promote Congresses, Symposia, Conferences and Courses.

The Journal of the Brazilian Society of Mechanical Sciences and Engineering (JBSMSE - ISSN:
1678-5878) has been regularly published since 1979. The purpose of the JBSMSE Journal is to
publish articles of permanent interest dealing with research, development and design related toscience and technology in Mechanical Sciences and Engineering, encompassing interfaces with otherbranches of Engineering, as well as with Physics and Applied Mathematics. The JBSMSE Journal iscurrently published by Springer (https://www.springer.com/journal/40430) and it is indexed in JCR(quartile Q2, 64/133 in the category Engineering, Mechanical) with 2020 Impact factor of 2.22.
ABCM also regularly publishes online the journal Thermal Engineering(https://abcm.org.br/pb/thermal-engineering), which counts with technical and scientific contributions.

4. University System and Engineering Education
The University System in Brazil includes public and private institutions. Public Universities are run
either by the Federal or local state governments; they are totally free for students from undergraduate
to Ph.D. studies. Research in engineering is mainly conducted in public Universities, except for few
well-ranked private Universities.
An engineering degree in Brazil takes about 5 years of studies. Engineers graduating from a Brazilian
University automatically receive an authorization from the National Board of Engineers to act as aprofessional. Graduate studies in general require a minimum number of courses to be taken before
the student can conduct research, both at the Master and Ph.D. levels. Students usually obtain a Master
degree in 24 months, and a Ph.D. degree in 48 months.

2. Major Meetings
ABCM regularly promotes 12 scientific conferences. The largest conference held under the auspicesof ABCM is COBEM, the International Congress of Mechanical Engineering, which is held every
other year since 1971, and counts with about 1100 participants.
The Brazilian Congress of Thermal Sciences – ENCIT is held every other year since 1986 andcounts with about 400 participants. The 19th edition of ENCIT will be held during November 06 to
10, 2022, in the beautiful wine production region of Brazil (https://eventos.abcm.org.br/encit2022/).

5. Foundations of Scientific Research
Brazil counts with State Research Foundations (FAPs) with the mission to support research projects
in the respective states of the Brazilian Federation and two major agencies of the federal governmentthat sponsor research and graduate studies:
CNPq from the Ministry of Science and Technology (https://www.gov.br/cnpq/pt-br) and
CAPES from the Ministry of Education (https://www.gov.br/capes/pt-br).
____________________
By Helcio R. B. Orlande and Gherhardt Ribatski, Brazilian delegates in AIHTC

Other ABCM regular events related to thermal sciences include: EPTT – The International Spring
School on Transition and Turbulence, EBECEM – The Brazilian Meeting on Boiling, Condensation
and Gas-Liquid Multiphase Flow, EVR – Summer School on Refrigeration and EdC – School on
Combustion.

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5. Education (Undergraduate/Graduate School)

CanadaMember of ICHMT, AIHTC, ASTFE(1) Overview(From UTC-3:30 to UTC-8, Population: 38 million)

1. Major Societies
Canadian engineers and researchers in the field of heat transfer can be members of the Canadian Society for
Mechanical Engineering (CSME), where they can be active participants in the Heat Transfer Technical Committee
and the Advanced Energy Systems Technical Committee. Engineers and researchers in the field of mass transfer
are more often chemical engineers and therefore can be members of the Canadian Society for Chemical
Engineering (CSChE).
Due to its close proximity with the United States, many engineers and researchers in the fields of heat andmass transfer are also members of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) and its Heat Transfer
Division, the American Society of Thermal and Fluids Engineers (ASTFE) and the American Society of Heating,
Refrigeration and Air-Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE).
2. Major Meetings
The CSME holds a Congress annually, typically in June. A Heat Transfer Symposium is part of the Congress.
Full conference papers or abstract are required, leading to oral presentations.
Place: moves from coast to coast annually. The next one in June 2022 to be held in Edmonton, Alberta.
Period: three to four days in June
The CSChE holds a Conference annually, typically in October.
Full conference papers or abstract are required, leading to oral presentations.
Place: moves from coast to coast annually. The next one in October 2022 to be held in Vancouver, BC.
Period: four to five days in October- Education is either in English or French; with textbooks in both languages.
- Elementary School, 6 years; Secondary School (through 1 or more Schools), 5 to 6 years depending on theProvince; CEGEP (In Québec), 2 years, Undergraduate Engineering University, 4 years.
- School year in elementary and secondary schools runs from early September to late June. University terms run
from September to December (Fall term), January to April (Winter term) and May to August (Summer term).
- A large teaching emphasis is placed on Engineering Design in University Engineering programs. And eachprogram is regularly accredited through the Canadian Engineering Accreditation Board (CEAB).
- Research-based Master’s degree have a typical duration of 2 years, while Doctorate program now take an averageof 4 to 5 years to complete.
- A push is underway in Canadian universities to increase the percentage of women in the programs to 30% by
2030.
6. University System- Engineering programs are offered at more than 30 Universties in the country.
- Most university professors are also researchers, and they are ranked at one of three level: professor, associate
professor, and assistant professor.
- Every professor, irrespective of rank, can supervise graduate student and apply for independent research funding.
- Most engineering university professor are also required to be professional engineers recognized through aprovincial engineering association or order.
7. Common Scientific Research Funding Agencies- Natural Science and Engineering Research Council (NSERC) of Canada- Canadian Foundation for Innovation (CFI) (Infrastructure funding)- Public and Private Research Chairs- MITACS
Some Canadian Provinces also have their own funding agencies.
8. Major Federal Public Research Institutes

3. Major Journals
CSME
Transaction of the Canadian Society for MechanicalEngineering (4 issues per year)(https://cdnsciencepub.com/journal/tcsme)
CSChE
The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering(12 issues per year)(https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/1939019x)- National Research Council (NRC) laboratories- Natural Resources Canada- Canadian Space Agency- Canadian Nuclear Laboratories (CNL)
Some Canadian Provinces also run their own research laboratories.
By Dr. Dominic Groulx, P.Eng.
(FCSME, ASME, ASTFE and Canadian Representative on AIHTC and ICHMT)

4. Awards- The Jules Stachiewicz Medal is awarded alternately by the CSME and the CSChE on a yearly basis foroutstanding contributions to the Heat Transfer discipline in Canada.
This medal was established in 1978 to honour Professor Jules Stachiewicz who was a professor in MechanicalEngineering (1950-76) and Chair of the Department at McGill University from 1972 until his death in 1976.

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Sponsored by the CSET and NSFC, the conference is held once a year with a scale of about 650

China
Member of ICHMT, AIHTC, AUTSE(1) Overview

people.

(China Standard Time, CST: UTC+8, Population: 1.41 billion)

3 Major Journals
Journal of Engineering Thermophysics was founded in 1980 by Professor Zhonghua Wu, a famous

1 Major Societies
Scholars in the field of thermal science and engineering in China mainly

engineering thermophysicist and academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, and is jointly

belong to the Chinese Society of Engineering Thermophysics (CSET),

sponsored by CSET and the Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences

which was established in 1978 with its main office in Beijing and affiliatednow. Since 2008, it has changed from bimonthly to single monthly. The journal mainly publisheswith the Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, Chinese Academy ofinnovative academic papers on experimental testing methods and techniques in engineering

Sciences. There are nearly 3,000 members, including scientific andthermodynamics and energy utilization, heat engine aerodynamic thermodynamics, heat and masstechnological workers from colleges and universities, scientific researchtransfer, combustion, multiphase flow, fluid machinery and engineering thermophysics research. It

institutions and industrial departments in the fields of high-efficiency and low-pollution utilization ofactively reports the frontier work of basic theoretical research and applied basic research, actively

energy, aerospace propulsion, power generation, refrigeration, etc. It covers information technology,

reports applied research results, and reflects the future development direction and academic level ofmaterial science, space technology, environmental protection, advanced manufacturing technology,

engineering thermophysics.

life science and agriculture and other disciplines.
The CSET conducts academic exchange activities in the disciplines of engineering thermodynamics,

4 Foundations of Scientific Researchheat engine aerodynamic thermodynamics, heat and mass transfer, combustion, multiphase flow, and

The NSFC has established Key Program, General Program, Youthfluid mechanics. Each discipline branch and professional committee regularly holds national

Program and other programs to support original scientific research. At theacademic conferences every year to encourage interdisciplinary, exchange the latest academic

same time, it has also established talent projects such as the Distinguishedachievements, and promote the development of disciplines.

Young Scholars Fund and the Excellent Young Scientists Fund (including
overseas projects) to explore and support scholars with academic potential
to make important contributions to the development of the discipline.

2 Major Meetings
2.1 CSET Heat and Mass Transfer ConferenceSponsored by the Heat and Mass Transfer Branch of CSET and the National Natural Science

5 Major Universities and Research Institutes

Foundation of China (NSFC), the conference is held once a year with a scale of about 1500 people.

（The fourth round of discipline assessment A and above universities）

2.2 China National Symposium on Combustion Tsinghua University https://www.tsinghua.edu.cn/

Sponsored by the Combustion Branch of CSET and NSFC, the conference is held once a year with a Xi’an Jiaotong University http://www.xjtu.edu.cn/

scale of about 1500 people.

 Shanghai Jiao Tong University https://www.sjtu.edu.cn/

2.3 CSET Engineering Thermodynamics and Energy Utilization Conference Zhejiang University https://www.zju.edu.cn/

Sponsored by the Engineering Thermodynamics Branch of CSET and NSFC, the conference is held

 Tianjin University http://www.tju.edu.cn/

once a year with a scale of about 1000 people.

 North China Electric Power University https://www.ncepu.edu.cn/

2.4 CSET Multiphase Flow Conference Harbin Institute of Technology http://www.hit.edu.cn/

Sponsored by the Multiphase Flow Branch of CSET and NSFC, the conference is held once a year Huazhong University of Science and Technology https://www.hust.edu.cn/

with a scale of about 650 people.

 Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences http://www.etp.ac.cn/
President of CSET, Hongguang Jin, 金红光

2.5 China National Symposium on Aerothermodynamics and Fluid Machinery
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Chinese Taipei
Member of AUTSE(1) Overview(National Standard Time, NST: UTC+8, Population: 23 million)
1. Brief history
Heat and Mass Transfer Society of Taiwan (hereby“HMTST”) was established in Hsinchu, Taiwan in 2016. As
an international, professional, non-governmental, and nonprofit organization, HMTST aims to facilitate advances in thefields of mechanical engineering in industry and academia.
For this purpose, HMTST proactively interacts with world’s
leading researchers by participating international researchorganization, and devotes in contributing networking for
researchers in Taiwan.

Dr. Ming-Tsang Lee 李明蒼(Executive Board Member)Dr. Yu-Bin Chen 陳玉彬(Honorary Chairman)

Associate Professor
Dept. of Power Mechanical Eng.
National Tsing Hua University

Professor
Dept. of Power Mechanical Eng.
National Tsing Hua University

4. Major events
HMTST has organized 7 workshops and one international conference by the end of 2022. A briefsummary is illustrated below:(1) Workshop
HMTST hosts workshops regularly.
The workshops provide an important
platform for specialists from academia,
industry or government sections to exchange
opinions, brainstorm, and investigate
potential cooperation.

2. Core missions
HMTST has six missions. These missions aim to offer
good chances for specialists to interact with each other andactivate further potential cooperation. HMTST also confers
awards to scientists in honor of their achievements.

(2) International conference
Participants were from Japan, South
Korea, U.S., Australia, and Taiwan. Topicsof the conference included combustion,
computational fluid dynamic, electronics
cooling, functional and complex fluids, laser
fabrication, phase change heat transfer,phonon transport, power generation system,
renewable energy, thermal radiation,transport phenomena in manufacturing,
emerging topics of thermofluids. The
conference ended with fruitful results:
 Bring in latest researches from world’s
leadingscientists
andexpandinternational visibility of Taiwan;
 Share applications and breakthrough in relevant fields;
 Increase cooperation and interaction with neighbor countries
Poster presentation for students was held
together with the international conference.
Students were offered opportunities topresent their work to the participants andreceive various and valuable feedback.

Website: https://hmtst.tw
3. Key persons
Dr. Da-Jeng Yao 饒達仁(Executive Supervisor)

Dr. Ming-Chang Lu 呂明璋(Chairman)

Professor
Dept. of Power Mechanical Eng.
National Tsing Hua University

Professor
Dept. of Mechanical Eng.
National Taiwan University

Dr. Chin-Hsiang Cheng 鄭金祥(Director, Thermal Science and Fluid
Dynamics Program, MOST)

Dr. Li Xu 許麗(Secretary General)

Distinguished Professor
Dept. of Aeronautics and Astronautics
National Cheng Kung University

Assistant Professor
Dept. of Mechanical Eng.
National Taiwan University

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Thermal No. 4 January 31, 2022

4. Awards
HMTST currently confer two awards,
Achievement Award and Outstanding Scholar Award. Achievement Award is to recognize distinguishedengineering achievement for senior scientists. Outstanding Scholar Award is to encourage young potential
scientists to pursue researches in the field of thermal sciences and engineering. 2020 award winners are shown
below.
Achievement Award Winner (2020)
Dr. Chi-Chuan Wang 王啟川Outstanding Scholar Award Winner (2020)
Dr. Ching-Wen Lo 羅景文

Chair Professor
Dept. of Mechanical Eng.
National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University

Assistant Professor
Dept. of Mechanical Eng.
National Chung Hsing University

Chairman of HMTST

Ming-Chang Lu 呂明璋

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mingchanglu@ntu.edu.tw

Thermal No. 4 January 31, 2022

FranceMember of ICHMT, AIHTC, EUROTHERM(1) Overview

Thermal No. 4 January 31, 2022
A YouTube channel: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7oTIDvlAA8U&t=53s

Edition of four newscasts per year containing all the informations about the association: minutes ofmeetings, conclusion of the commissions, calls for papers from national and international upcoming
conferences and seminars(Central European Time Zone, CET: UTC+1 (winter) and UTC+2 (summer), Population: 67.4 million)
4. Major meetings

1. Organizations
Most scientists and and engineers specialized in thermal sciences and heat transfer inFrance belong to Société Française de Thermique (SFT).
SFT was founded in 1961 as a non-profit organization.
The organization published “La Revue Générale de Thermique” until 1995, before its
publication by Elsevier as the “International Journal of Thermal Sciences”.



Its purpose is :







Development and enhancing the influence of thermal sciences,
Study of miscellaneous problems, of public interest linked to thermal sciences in a direct or indirect way,such as the study of the use of diverse energy sources for example
Link to associations and French groups of thermal scientists, as well as to other scientific fields
Animation and promotion within the community of thermal sciences in industry, teaching and research
Exchanges and diffusion of knowledge between their creators and their users
The representation of thermal sciences and of thermal scientists at the national, European and international
levelsPresident of SFT (2021-2023): Christophe Le Niliot, Aix-Marseille University (christophe.leniliot@univamu.fr )2. Members
 450 individual members in the year book 30 collective members: University /CNRS research labs, and companies
3. Structure and communication
SFT is organized around an administration board, a scientific committee and thematic groups. The mainorganization is described below
 An elected board, with a two year mandate for the President and for the head of the scientific committeewith four meetings per year.
 A scientific council in charge of the congress 3 organic commissions for:o Scientific foresighto Programs to organize the scientific seminars
o Communication and education to promote the association and the scientific activities 19 thematic groups in charge of the animation of a scientific activity such as: radiation, heat exchangers,
transfers in porous media … The list of the topics is presented on the website https://www.sft.asso.fr/)A website with upcoming meetings and open accessto proceedings of the yearly conference, of seminars
and advanced schools, as well as a directory ofmembers: https://www.sft.asso.fr/



A LinkedIn Page:

One 3.5 day yearly conference (lateMay, early June) organized by about 15
rotating labs in different cities of France,
Prize and awards: during the yearly
conference, the scientific committee
awards the best paper-oral presentation
to a young scientist. This award called“the Biot-Fourier award” was created inhonor of two French scientists: Jean-Baptiste Biot (1774-1862) and
Joseph Fourier (1768-1830), both known for their major contribution inthermal sciences.
about ten scientific SFT seminars of 1 or 2 days per year within thescope of the thematic groups or with other organizations: companies or academic associations such as
the SFGP (Chemical Engineering) or AFM (Mechanics)
participation to the organization of advanced schools, with CNRS, Eurotherm, ICHMT. In the past years
SFT sponsored international seminars in the domain of: nano heat transfer, inverse techniques andthermal measurements, radiation …

5. Education
 The French University system is based on the Bologna Process introduced to harmonize higher educationin European Union. It is based on three levels:o The first (lowest) level is a bachelor’s degree, typically lasting three to four years.
o The second level is a master’s degree, typically lasting one to two years.
o The final level is a doctorate (PhD) which usually lasts three years
 The French University system is supplemented by engineering schools specializing in the major fields ofengineering including thermal sciences. These studies lead to an engineer's degree equivalent to a Master's
degree.
6. Major Public/Private Research Institutes
 Most major labs in thermal sciences and heat transfer depend both on their local
University and on the National Center for Scientific Research (CNRS) The National Research Agency (ANR) is a public administrative establishment,
placed under the supervision of the Ministry of Higher Education, Research andInnovation. The Agency implements the funding of research projects, for public
operators in cooperation with each other or with companies.
 The Investments for the Future Program (PIA), steered by the General Secretariat for
Investment (SGPI), was set up by the State to finance innovative and promising
investments in the territory, in order to enable France to increase its potential for growthand jobs.

By D. Lemonnier (ICHMT/Eurotherm), D. Maillet (AIHTC) and C. Le Niliot (SFT/Eurotherm)

https://www.linkedin.com/company/sftasso/?viewAsMember=true

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Thermal No. 4 January 31, 2022

Germany
Member of ICHMT, AIHTC, EUROTHERM(1) Overview(Central European Time Zone, CET: UTC+1 (winter) and UTC+2 (summer), Population: 83.2 million)

Thermal No. 4 January 31, 2022
engineering subjects and educate their students more towards application-oriented professionals.
Universities address the full range of academic professions and educate their students more towards
science-oriented professionals.
The course programs are subdivided according to the Bachelor level and Master level. The Bachelor
degree typically needs 3 years of full-time studies, the Master degree another 2 years.

1. Major Societies

The largest and leading engineering network in Germany is the VDI – The
Association of German Engineers (Verein Deutscher Ingenieure). It has
approximately 150.000 personal members from all engineering disciplines in all
professional functions including students, scientists, and engineers in industry. It
serves as a knowledge and competence platform for new technologies andtechnical solutions. The VDI comprises 12 professional sub-societies which hosta large number of working groups addressing specific topics. The most relevant
sub-societies for thermal sciences and engineering are: (i) Energy andEnvironment, (ii) Process and Chemical Engineering (GVC). ‘Energy andEnvironment’ hosts a working group Thermodynamics with elected members from academia andindustry. It is closely collaborating with DECHEMA, an independent expert society for chemicalengineering and biotechnology in Germany with about 5.800 members. VDI-GVC and DECHEMA
jointly initiated and run PROCESSNET, a professional platform for process engineering, chemicalengineering and technical chemistry. PROCESSNET hosts several subject divisions among which Heatand Mass Transfer and Thermodynamics are the most relevant to thermal science and engineering.
2. Major Meetings

On a national level, major meetings related to thermal science and engineering are the joint annual meeting ‘Thermodynamics’ of the above mentioned VDI working group andProcessNet subject division, the annual meeting ‘Heat and Mass Transfer’ of the above mentioned ProcessNet subject
division.

The academic degree “Dr.-Ing.” is awarded after successful research studies and examination by all
Universities and some Universities of Applied Sciences. In engineering science, doctoral candidates
are typically employed in nonpermanent full-time positions as junior scientists by their institutions.
The typical duration is 3 to 5 years. Apart from their research studies they quite often also assist
approximately 2 hours per week in teaching, e.g. by supervising student exercise classes.
Quite atypical in comparison to international customs, professors in engineering sciences in Germany
are relatively often appointed back to the university from positions in industry. At Universities ofApplied Sciences this practical experience is even a prerequisite for an appointment.

5. Foundations of Scientific Research
The German Research Foundation (DFG) is the main organization funding basic research in Germany.
Researchers can apply with individual proposals as well as with joint proposals for collaborative
research. Proposals are always peer-reviewed, before the DFG committees make a final decision.
Several ministries, e.g. the Federal Ministry of Education and Research or the Federal Ministry of
Economic Affairs and Climate Action, have their funding programs focusing on more applicationoriented research.

--------------by Peter Stephan, Ulrich Groß, Stephan Kabelac, Stephan Scholl

3. Major Journals and the VDI Heat Atlas

Formerly Springer published a journal entitled ‘Wärme- und Stoffübertragung’ with papers also in
German. Since 1995 this journal is publishing under the title ‘Heat and Mass Transfer’ with papers
in English only.
For more than 50 years now, the VDI-Wärmeatlas (VDI Heat Atlas) isestablished as an indispensable working tool for German engineers inindustry and academia dealing with heat transfer issues. Today it ispublished by Springer Publishing Company. More than 60 authors present
state of the art calculation methods in different chapters on all topics
relevant for the design of technical apparatus and plants, e.g. in process
and power engineering. The 12th German edition (VDI-Wärmeatlas) was
published in 2019, the 2nd English edition (VDI Heat Atlas) in 2010.
4. University System and Engineering Education

Germany has a system with two types of universities: (i) Universities of Applied Sciences (formerly
called Fachhochschulen), (ii) Universities. Universities of Applied Sciences are mainly focused on
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

IrelandMember of EUROTHERM(1) Overview(Greenwich Mean Time, GMT: UTC+0, Population: 4.9 million)
1. Organisations
There are no organisations strictly related to heat and mass transfer, but rather the following general or MechanicalEngineering associations: Engineers Ireland (Irish Association of Professional Chartered Engineers)
https://www.engineersireland.ie/ Engineers Ireland, Mechanical and Manufacturing Divisionhttps://www.engineersireland.ie/Mechanical-and-manufacturing
2. Major Meetings
There are no national meetings specifically focusing on heat transfer, however the annual Sir Bernard Crossland
Symposium provides a national forum for postgraduate students in mechanical engineering to present their workin a paper and poster competition. The Sir Bernard Crossland Symposium is an “all-Ireland” event, open toparticipants from (the Republic of) Ireland and Northern Ireland (UK). The Symposium is organized on a rotatingbasis by members of the Council of Professors of Mechanical Engineering in Irish Universities(https://www.ulster.ac.uk/conference/sbc22, https://www.ucd.ie/mecheng/sirbernardcrossland2018/)
3. Major Journals

The National Framework of Qualifications (NFQ) is a system of 10 levels to classify the different
standards. Third-level qualifications are Levels 6-10, and universities offer degree programmes at theOrdinary Bachelor’s degrees (NFQ Level 7) or Honours Bachelor’s degrees (NFQ Level 8), Masters(NFQ Level 9) and Doctorate level (NFQ Level 10).

6. University System
The Higher Education Authority is the statutory agency overseeing the State funding of universities. It has anadvisory role in relation to the whole sector of third-level education. Although universities in Ireland are Statefunded, they are autonomous and self-governing bodies.
There are 7 universities in Ireland: The University of Dublin, Trinity College, generally known as Trinity College Dublin (TCD) The National University of Ireland (NUI) which is the umbrella university covering University College
Dublin (UCD), National University of Ireland, Galway, University College Cork, and National Universityof Ireland, Maynooth.
 The University of Limerick (UL) Dublin City University (DCU)
Most universities are organised with research activities clustered in research groups with laboratories usually
headed by one or more full professors or chairs, associate professors, and assistant professors. Some assistantprofessors have tenure track positions.
The mandatory retirement age for public sector workers in Ireland is 70.
7. Major Public/Private Research Institutes

There are no national journals on heat and mass transfer.
4. Foundations of Scientific Research
Most State-funded research grants are administered by the following agencies:
 Science Foundation Ireland
https://www.sfi.ie/
 Irish Research Council
https://research.ie/ Enterprise Ireland
https://www.enterprise-ireland.com/en/
 Sustainable Energy Authority of Ireland
https://www.seai.ie/
5. Education

Much of the academic engineering research activity in Ireland is associated with one or more of the Science
Foundation Ireland Research Centres. The SFI Research Centres most relevant for heat and mass transfer are:
 CONNECT (SFI Research Centre for Future Networks & Communications),
 AMBER (SFI Research Centre for Advanced Materials and BioEngineering Research),
 MaREI (SFI Research Centre for Energy, Climate and Marine), SSPC (SFI Research Centre for Pharmaceuticals)
All these research centres are funded partly by the State and partly by a consortium of industry partners. In addition,
there are other autonomous research institutes with relevance to heat and mass transfer: Tyndall National Institute, a leading research centre in integrated ICT (Information and Communications
Technology) hardware and systems,
 CRANN (Centre for Research on Adaptive Nanostructures and Nanodevices), Ireland's leading
nanoscience institute, ESRI (Economic & Social Research Institute)

The Irish education system is made up of primary, second, third-level and further education. State-fundededucation is available at all levels.
 Primary (first-level) education: 6 years, starting at age 6
 Second-level education starts at age 12 and consists of a 3-year junior cycle followed by a 2-year or 3year senior cycle depending on whether an optional Transition Year is taken following the Junior
Certificate or Junior Cycle (JCPA) examination, which is taken at age 15.
 The optional Transition Year (age 16) follows the JCPA examination and is free from formal examinations.
It allows students to experience a wide range of educational inputs, including work experience.
 During their final 2-3 years in the senior cycle (ages 16-18), students take one of 3 programmes, eachleading to a State examination - the established Leaving Certificate, the Leaving Certificate Vocational
Programme or the Leaving Certificate Applied.
 The established Leaving Certificate is the main basis upon which places in universities are allocated.
 Third-level education is made up of 7 universities, 3 technological universities (TUs) and 7 institutes oftechnology (ITs), substantially funded by the State.

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by Tim Persoons (Eurotherm)

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5. University System

IsraelMember of ICHMT, AIHTC(1) Overview(Israel Standard Time, IST: UTC+2, Population: 9.5 million)
1. Major Societies
There are no organizations strictly related to heat and mass transfer.
AEAI – The Association of Engineers, Architects and Graduates in Technological
Sciences in Israel is the national umbrella organization representing its members in
Israel. The Association aims to foster the development and improvement of humanresources and technological expertise in all fields of industry.
https://www.aeai.org.il/about-english/
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Association_of_Engineers_in_Israel
Within the Association of Engineers there are professional societies in various
technological fields, including Mechanical Engineering and Chemical Engineering.
2. Major Meetings
There are no national meetings on heat transfer and thermalsciences, but these subjects are integrated in the following
annual or bi-annual major meetings held in Israel, where special
tracks and sessions on heat and mass transfer are included andpresented prominently:
ICME - Israeli Conference on Mechanical Engineering
IICHE - Meeting of the Israel Institute of Chemical Engineers
IMEC - Israeli Materials Engineering Conference
COMCAS – International Conference on Microwaves,
Communications and Electronic Systems.
3. Major Journals
There are no Israeli journals on heat and mass transfer. Israeli researchers in all fields of science andengineering publish their works in well-established English-language international journals and serve on theireditorial boards.

4. Education (Undergraduate/Graduate School)- Elementary School, 6 years; Junior High School, 3 years; High School, 3 years.
- Undergraduate Studies in Engineering, 4 years (Undergraduate Studies in Sciences, 3 years).
- In general, the first semester starts in late October (after the Jewish Holy Days), while the second
semester starts in late February.
- Most of undergraduate education is carried out by using English-language textbooks.
- Senior students engage in final projects (undergraduate theses) by doing experimental/theoreticalstudies under their supervisors from academia or industry.
- Master course is usually 2 years, for outstanding students there are fast Bachelor-Master tracks(5 years), a thesis is mandatory.
- Doctor course is 4 years for full-time students, and may take more time. There are direct MasterDoctor tracks for outstanding students.

- The Council for Higher Education (CHE) is the official authority for higher education in Israel anddetermines policy for the higher education system.
- The CHE was founded pursuant to the Council for Higher Education Law, 1958, as an independentand unaffiliated statutory corporation. It was established in order to separate Israel’s political systemfrom its higher education system, to prevent interference with academic freedom.
- In Israel, higher education may beobtained from universities or colleges(the latter usually do not haveadvanced degrees, and cannot award
Ph.D. in any case).
- According to CHE, there are ten
universities in Israel.
- The academic ranks are lecturer, seniorlecturer, associate professor and full professor.
- At all ranks, faculty members are usuallyindependent and run their own research group (similar to the US university system).
- Tenure is commonly awarded after 5-7 years since the appointment.
- The mandatory retirement age for faculty members is 68. Usually, the retired professors are awarded
an “emeritus/ emerita” title, and continue active research.
6. Foundations of Scientific Research- The Israel Science Foundation is the main body supporting breakthrough basic
science in Israel, based on scientific excellence within the different fields ofknowledge, in a wide variety of funding opportunities.
- The Ministry of Science, Technology and Space promotes projects toencourage research and is focused on leading strategic infrastructure research.
- The Israel Innovation Authority, an independent publicly funded agency, wascreated to provide a variety of practical tools and funding platforms aimed at
effectively addressing the dynamic and changing needs of the local andinternational innovation ecosystems.
- The Ministry of Energy is responsible for all of Israel's energy sectors and its
natural resources, including electricity, fuel, LPG, natural gas, conservation ofenergy, petroleum explorations, minerals, earth science and marine research
and more.
7. Major Public/Private Research Institutes- Most major laboratories in thermal sciences and heat transfer are in the universities.
- Active research in thermal field takes place also in the Nuclear Research Center Negev and in the
defense sector companies.
8. Addendum
Hebrew (‫ﬠִ ְב ִרית‬, [ivˈʁit] or [ʕivˈɾit]) is a Northwest Semitic languageof the Afroasiatic language family. Modern Hebrew is the official
language of the State of Israel. Hebrew serves as the only truly
successful example of a dead language that has been revived.
by Neima Brauner (ICHMT, AIHTC) and Gennady Ziskind (ICHMT, AIHTC)

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Italy
Member of ICHMT, AIHTC, EUROTHERM(1) Overview

Thermal No. 4 January 31, 2022
In addition, an on-line UIT Newsletter is published and sent monthly by email to the members of the association.
4. Foundations of Scientific Research
Ministry of University and Research MUR (Ministero dell’Università e della Ricerca)
https://www.mur.gov.it(Italian Standard Time, PST: UTC+1, Population: 60 million)
1. Organizations
There are two national organizations related to heat and mass transfer:
UIT (Italian Union of Thermal-Fluid Dynamics). UIT isa non-profit organization. The UIT mission is to bring
together Italian researchers, engineers and people interested
in thermal and fluids problems and applications, to linkthem with each other and with their peers in Europe andworldwide, fostering cooperation and promoting new
generations of researchers.
https://www.uitonline.it
ATI (Italian Association of Heat Transfer and ThermalManagement). Officially founded in 1947, but active since1918, ATI is a non-profit organization which promote theapplied thermal engineering in the scientific, technical andindustrial fields. It handles also committees and technicalregulations in the field.
https://www.atinazionale.it
Other two national organizations are devoted to energy
management and design of HVAC systems:
AIGE (Italian Association of Energy Management)
spreads studies, research, experiences and activities carriedout in academic, industrial and public administration
environments, in the field of energy management andenergy policies.
http://www.aigeancona2021.univpm.it/
AICARR (Italian Association of Air Conditioning Heating and Refrigeration) promotes production anddissemination of the culture of sustainable comfort and energy savings in HVAC systems.
https://www.aicarr.org

5. Education (Undergraduate/Graduate School)
Elementary School, 5 years; Junior High School, 3 years; High School, 5 years.
Most of undergraduate school education is carried out by using Italian textbooks.
The Italian higher education system is in compliance with the Bologna Process guidelines (seehttps://ec.europa.eu/education/policies/higher-education/bologna-process-and-european-higher-education-area_en),
which introduced an European Credit Transfer System (ECTS) in study cycles, ERASMUS mobility mechanisms,
diploma supplement.
Higher education is organized on three cycles of studies, leading to the academic degrees of bachelor, master andphilosophy doctor.
 First cycle, 3 years, Bachelor's degree (Universities and Polytechnic Schools)
 Second cycle, 2 years, Master’s degree (Universities and Polytechnic Schools) Third cycle, 3 years, Doctor’s degree (Universities)
Courses are generally held in Italian or in English for specific paths.
6. University System
Italian higher education system is articulated in public and private institutions. The private higher education institutions
have to obtain prior recognition of the Ministry with the authority of the Higher Education. There is no difference between
University schools and Polytechnics for the engineering education.
Both University and Polytechnic education are guided by a perspective of applied research and development, aimed atunderstanding and solving practical and technical problems and at providing a solid cultural and technical training at thehigher level, developing the capacity for innovation and critical analysis. Scientific knowledge of theoretical and practicalnature, for the scope of professional activities, also provided.
There are more than 96 public universities in Italy. Most of them offer courses in Physics and in different branches ofEngineering (Civil, Industrial and Computer/Electronics).
7. Major Public/Private Research Institutes
CNR – National Research Council (Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche).
https://www.cnr.it/en
ENEA - Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development (Agenzia
nazionale per le nuove tecnologie, l'energia e lo sviluppo economico sostenibile)
https://www.enea.it/en
by Gian Luca Morini (ICHMT, Eurotherm) and Paolo Di Marco (ICHMT, AIHTC, Eurotherm)

2. Major meetings
The heat transfer community is gathered yearly during the following conferences; the meeting are participated by many
foreign scientist and experts.
 UIT Heat Transfer Conference (yearly , since 1983)
 ATI National Conference (yearly , since 1946)
 AICARR Conference (yearly , since 1969)
 AIGE Conference (yearly , since 2007)
3. Major journals“La Termotecnica” is the monthly journal of ATI, in Italian, devoted to divulgation of latest technological progresses andnational codes and regulations.
There exists a Journal on HVAC system design: AICARR Journal (Journal of the Italian Association of Air Conditioning
Heating and Refrigeration) https://www.aicarr.org/Pages/EN/Resources and Publications/AiCARR_Journal.aspx

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Thermal Engineering Session by SCEJ-DTE
during Annual Meeting of SCEJ (in March)during Autumn Meeting of SCEJ (in September)
Place: University campus

Japan
Member of ICHMT, AIHTC, AUTSE(1) Overview(Japan Standard Time, JST: UTC+9, Population: 125 million)
1. Major Societies
Most of Japanese scientists and engineers in thermal science and engineering (or more specifically heat andmass transfer) belong to the Heat Transfer Society of Japan (HTSJ), Thermal Engineering Division of the Japan
Society of Mechanical Engineers (JSME-TED), and Division of Thermal Engineering of the Society of Chemical
Engineering (SCEJ-DTE). The relationships among the three major societies are expressed as shown in Fig. 1.
Although the number of members of HTSJ are much less than that of JSME-TED, HTSJ is a core society of heatand mass transfer. This is because JSME-TED consists of a wide variety of thermal engineering applications.

3. Major Journals
JSME
The Journal of Thermal Science and Technology (JTST) (in English, every 4/6 months)
Mechanical Engineering Journal (in English, bimonthly)
Transactions of the JSME (in Japanese, monthly)
SCEJ
Journal of Chemical Engineering of Japan (in English, monthly)
Kagaku Kogaku Ronbunshu (in Japanese, bimonthly)
HTSJ
Thermal Science and Engineering (in Japanese/English, quarterly)
4. Education (Undergraduate/Graduate School)- Elementary School, 6 years; Junior High School, 3 years; High School, 3 years; Undergraduate School, 4 years.
After Junior High School, there is an alternative choice of College of Technology, 5 years.
- In general, the first semester starts in April (cherry blossom season), while the second semester starts in October.
- Most of undergraduate school education is carried out by using Japanese textbooks.
- Senior students engage in bachelor theses by doing experimental/theoretical studies under his/her supervisors.
- Master course is usually 2 years, and Doctor course is 3 years on average.
- The deadlines of theses of (doctor,) master and senior students are usually in January or February.
- Traditionally, female students are not so many in the faculty of engineering, which is an urgent matter for us.
5. University System- Some laboratories are based on the chair system such as professor, associate professor, and assistant professor.
- Recently, however, laboratories based on the independent system are increasing.
- At most of universities, the retirement age is about 65.
6. Foundations of Scientific Research

Fig. 1 Relationships among three major societies of thermal science and engineering- Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT)- The Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS)- Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST)- New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization (NEDO)

2. Major Meetings

7. Major Public/Private Research Institutes

National Heat Transfer Symposium by HTSJ
Since 1964, annually held (the 58th in 2021)
Place: rotated among 8 branches (see Fig. 2)
Period: three days in late May or early June
Participants: about 800
Paper presentations (oral): about 350- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST)- RIKEN (the Institute of Physical and Chemical Research)- Japan Atomic Energy Agency- Toyota Central R&D Labs., etc.

Thermal Engineering Conference by JSME-TED
annually held
Period: 2 days in OctoberPlace: University campus
Thermal Engineering Session by JSME-TED
during Annual Meeting of JSME (in September)
Place: University campus

Fig.2 Eight branches of HTSJ

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By-product of “war of the currents”

8. Addendum
Japanese language belongs to Altaic languages; one of their typical features isa subject–object–verb (SOV) structure. After Chinese characters were transferred
to Japan in the 4th century, Hiragana and Katakana (Japanese characters) weredeveloped in the 8-9th century. As a result, we combinedly use the above threecharacters as shown in this example.
President of HTSJMUNAKATA Tetsuo 宗像 鉄雄
President of JSME-TED
OHARA Taku 小原 拓
President of SCEJ-DTE
KOBAYASHI Nobusuke 小林 信介

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t.munakata@aist.go.jp
ohara@ifs.tohoku.ac.jp
nsuke@gifu-u.ac.jp

Thermal No. 4 January 31, 2022

Thermal No. 4 January 31, 2022

MoroccoMember of ICHMT(1) Overview(West Africa Time : UTC +1, Population: 37 million)
1.

Organizations
The Moroccan Association of Thermal Sciences (AMT) is the leading association of Moroccan academic
scientific researchers and professionals dealing with thermal sciences and related areas such as heat andmass transfer, fluid mechanics, thermodynamics, combustion, solar energy applications and other energy
systems. It was founded in 2008 in the city of Settat following a national conference on thermal sciences
and transport phenomena organized at the Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University Hassan I.
AMT is a non-governmental and non-profit organization that aims to gather all Moroccan scientificresearchers in the thermal sciences field. It is an institutional member of Int. Heat and Mass Center (ICHMT)
since May 2010.
Presently, the secretariat of AMT is located at the Faculty of Sciences Ain-Chock which belong to Hassan
II University in Casablanca.
The main objectives of AMT is to establish and promote scientific cooperation and exchange of thefundamental as well as applied knowledge in the field of thermal sciences among researchers in the
Moroccan academic institutions and industry practitioners. In addition to promote and foster international
cooperation in thermal sciences and applications. To this end, AMT organizes regular national andinternational scientific meetings.
Website: http://amth.ma/

2.

Major meetings
The major scientific meeting of the Moroccan Association of Thermal Sciences (AMT) is the International Congress on Thermal
Sciences, which is a biennial conference that have been initiated in 2010 in partnership with Moroccan Universities. Thisconference used to attract over 200 scientists and researchers with typically more than 150 papers. In addition to the Moroccan
researchers, the participants are from Maghreb countries, especially Algeria and Tunisia, but also from European andAmerican countries. The Congress aims to be a platform for researchers, academic scientists and practitioners to share theirexperiences on all aspects of thermal sciences. It promotes collaboration between university laboratories and professionals,
and stimulates collaboration between national researchers and their international counterparts. Each edition of the Congress
focuses on a main topic related to the Moroccan energy context. Beside the main theme, the Congress used to cover othertopics such as heat and mass transfer, fluid mechanics, energy efficiency and renewable energies thermal applications,industry thermal processes, thermal systems and combustion, materials thermal characterization, materials for energy, thermal
measurement techniques, etc.
International Congress on Thermal Sciences previous editions:
EditionMain Theme / Topic
Location & University partner
Moroccan renewable energy strategy
Hassan I University, Settat
AMT’2010
Energy Efficiency in Industry
Hassan Second University, Casablanca
AMT’2012
Ibn Zohr University, Agadir
Thermal Solar Energy & Environment
AMT’2014
Buildings Regulation in Morocco
Moulay Ismail University, Meknes
AMT’2016
Thermal Energy & Sustainable Development.
Cadi Ayyad University, Safi
AMT’2018
Thermal Energy & Industrial Issues
S. M. Slimane University, Khouribga
AMT’2020
Energy Efficiency
Ibn Zohr University, Ouarzazate
AMT’2022
AMT also used to organize specific national and international seminars and workshops as well as trainings for Doctoral
students. Some major past seminars are listed below
Event
1st Seminar on
Concentrating Solar Power &Energy Efficiency
26-28 April 2011
Training on TRNSYS software
9-11 June 2015
Workshop on
Construction Materials
Characterization
9 July 2019

Topic

Location & Partners

R&D opportunities inConcentrating Solar Power Plants& Energy Efficiency in Buildings

Location : Cadi Ayyad University Marrakech
Partners: CNEREE Marrakech, CNRST
Rabat, PSA Almeria Spain

Training on TRNSYS software for
Moroccan Doctoral students

Location : Cadi Ayyad University Marrakech
Partner: CNEREE Marrakech

Thermal Characterization
Methods of Construction
Materials

Location : Hassan II University, Casablanca
Partner: ENSEM Casablanca

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3.

Major journals
There is no national journal specifically dedicated to heat and mass transfers.
Some national journals publish papers on heat and mass transfers. Many journals are endorsed by the Moroccan Institutefor Scientific and Technologic Information IMIST, which belong to the National Center for Scientific and Technology
Research: https://revues.imist.ma

4.

Foundations of Scientific Research
Most State-funded research grants are administered by the following institutions:- National Center for Scientific and Technology Research www.cnrst.ma- Institute of Research on Solar Energy and New Energies www.iresen.org- Hassan II Academy of Sciences and Technology http://www.academie.hassan2.sciences.ma- OCP Group Foundation https://www.ocpfoundation.org
Mostly, scientific research is conducted in public and public-private-partnership universities as well as in engineering higher
schools. Other public or private institutions deal with scientific research such as IRESEN via its Green Energy Park platform(https://www.greenenergypark.ma), MASEN (Moroccan Agency of Sustainable Energy https://www.masen.ma), CNESTEN(National Center of Nuclear Energy, Sciences and Techniques https://www.cnesten.org), MOOS (Morocco OUKAIMEDENSky Survey astronomic observatory www.moss-observatory.org), MAScIR (Moroccan Foundation for Advanced Science,
Innovation and Research, https://www.mascir.com).
The Superior Council of Education, Training and Scientific Research (CSE https://www.csefrs.ma) is an independent andconsultative institution that deals with public policy in education and scientific research. Higher education and scientific research
is managed at the government level by the Ministry of Higher Education, Research and Innovation (ESRI,
https://www.enssup.gov.ma).

5.

Education- Primary School, 6 years; Secondary School, 3 years; High School (Baccalaureate Diploma), 3 years.
- Undergraduate Studies in Vocational Training at Universities and OFPPT (Technician Diploma), 2 years.
- Undergraduate Studies in Sciences at Universities (Licence/Bachelor Diploma), 3-4 years.
- Undergraduate Studies in Engineering at Universities and Non-University Higher Schools (Engineer Diploma), 5 years.
- Graduate Studies: Master, 2 years; Doctoral, 3-4 years.

6.

University System
Since 2003, the higher education in Morocco followed the European Bologna Process, LMD system, with “Licence”, “Master”
and “Doctorate”. Since 2021, a Bachelor system is implemented in public universities instead of the six-semesters Licencesystem.
Undergraduate studies are organized in universities and Non-University Higher Schools.
There is 12 public universities located in the main cities. 11 other universities are currently approved by the State. Most ofthem are private ones while the others belong to a public-private-partnership via public institutions.
Major engineering studies are implemented in Engineering Higher Schools, affiliated or not to universities, specialized in the
major fields of engineering including thermal sciences. Engineering studies lead to Engineer's Degree equivalent to Master
Degree. Most of these Engineering Schools are publics ones. Some private Engineering Schools, that do not belong to any
private university, have received the State approval.
The retirement age for university professors is 65.

by Prof. Kaoutar KHALLAKI (Vice Secretary General of AMT, k.khallaki@usms.ma)
Prof. Brahim BENHAMOU (Secretary General of AMT, B.Benhamou@uca.ma)

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The other universities are:

New ZealandMember of ICHMT(1) Overview

(New Zealand Standard Time, NZST: UTC+12, Population: 5.1 million)
1. Organizations
There is no specialist society for heat and mass transfer engineers in New Zealand. Engineers are typicallymembers of Engineering New Zealand (formerly the Institution of Professional Engineers, IPENZ), which
encompasses all disciplines. Membership of international societies such as ASME and IMechE is common.

Lincoln University (Lincoln, near Christchurch)
University of Otago (Dunedin)

Degrees offered are typicallyBachelor of Engineering (BE) – 4 years
Master of Engineering (ME) – 1 or 1.5 years
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) – 3 or more years

A number of taught Masters programmes are also available.
The academic year typically has two semesters starting in March. They are not named autumn (or fall) and spring;
doing so would lead to confusion since seasons are opposite of those in the northern hemisphere.
Academic grades are typically Lecturer, Senior Lecturer, Associate Professor, Professor, and Distinguished
Professor. The majority of staff at New Zealand universities have permanent positions.
5. Research Institutes
Research is also undertaken by a number of crown and private research institutes, the latter of which are normallyfunded by industry bodies. The type of research undertaken reflects the dominance of primary industry and thefood chain in New Zealand’s economy, and special interests such as geothermal energy. Those with a particularinterest in heat and mass transfer topics include:

GNS Science (Geological and Nuclear Sciences) – geothermal energy
Scion (New Zealand Forest Research Institute) – wood processing and biomass energy

2. Meetings
Local conferences tend to be run in conjunction with Australia as an Australasian (ie: south of Asia) meeting. Boththe Australasian Fluid Mechanics Conference and Australasian Natural Convection Workshop have been hosted
in Auckland and Christchurch by the local universities.

by Dr S.E. Norris (University of Auckland, EngNZ)

3. Foundations Supporting Scientific Research
The societies and agencies that support scientific research are:
The Royal Society of New Zealand – promotes science, distributes contestable grants, and awards medals.
Callaghan Innovation – a crown agency supporting business research.
Ministry of Business, Innovation, and Employment (MBIE) – government ministry that provides public funding
for research within New Zealand.
4. University System
Research lead tertiary education is provided by Universities which are funded by the state. There are eight
universities, six of which have engineering faculties or schools. These are:
The Universities with engineering faculties or schools are:







University of Auckland (Auckland)
Auckland University of Technology (AUT) (Auckland)
University of Waikato (Hamilton)
Massey University (Palmerston North)
Victoria University (Wellington)
University of Canterbury (Christchurch)

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in a national ranking. The ranking is conducted every four years. The teaching programs are regularly
accredited by a state accreditation body.

PolandMember of ICHMT, EUROTHERM(1) Overview(Poland Standard Time: UTC+1 / UTC+2, Population: 38.2 million)

The academic ranks are: assistant (Polish asystent), assistant professor (Polish: adiunkt), associate professor(Polish: profesor uczelni), and full professor (Polish: profesor).
In addition to the higher-education system, research institutes form networks. The leading examples are theinstitutes of the PAS and the Łukasiewicz network.

1. Organizations
There are two streams of activities related to heat transfer in Poland: scientific and professional engineering. The
scientific stream is represented by the Committee for Thermodynamics and Combustion of the Polish Academyof Sciences (PAS). The thirty members of the Committee are elected in a voting process. The electorate consistsof researchers with at least a Doctor of Science degree (Polish habilitation) and scientific interests in thermalscience-related disciplines.

by R. Białecki and W. Lipiński

The Polish Federation of Engineering Associations FSNT–NOT (Polish: Naczelna Organizacja Techniczna
NOT) is focused on professional engineering applications of thermal sciences. The organization, gathering 110
000 members, represents professional engineers and technicians in 49 regional and 39 professional engineeringorganizations. NOT is a member of FEANI (Fédération Européenne d'associations d'Ingéniours), Brusselsbased, associations of engineering organizations from 33 European countries and having a consultative status
of UNESCO, UNIDO and the European Council.
Heat transfer research and engineering are in the focus of activities of several member organizations of NOT.
The Association of Polish Mechanical Engineers and Technicians and the Association of Fire Engineers are
the two most notable examples.
2. Major meetings
Symposium of Heat and Mass transfer organized every three years and Meeting of Thermodynamics, also held
every three years. Universities organize both events under the auspices of the Committee of Thermodynamics andCombustion of the PAS.
3. Major journals
Archive of Thermodynamics publishes papers in English and has an international Editorial Board. The journal ispublished by the Committee of Thermodynamics of the PAS. A no-fee open access policy is implemented.
Journal of Power Technologies is published by the Institute of Heat Engineering of the Warsaw Universityof Technology.
4. Education (Undergraduate/Graduate)- 8 years of primary school education- 4 years of high school education- 3–4 years of undergraduate engineering education- 1.5 and 4 years of Master’s and doctoral education, respectively
5. University system
There are over 400 institutions of higher education in Poland, of which about 100 are publicly funded.
Engineering and technology programs are offered at 18 universities of technology (UT) and 37 higher
vocational schools. The majority of the latter institutions offer technical subjects at the bachelor's level.
Engineering courses are also offered in selected general universities.
The main engineering education institutions are Warsaw UT, Gdańsk UT, Silesian UT, Wrocław UT, Poznań
(UT), Kraków UT, Łódź UT, Lublin UT, Rzeszów UT, and the AGH Science and Technology University.
Warsaw UT, Gdańsk UT, Silesian UT, and AGH are among Poland's top 10 research and higher-education
institutions. The financial support and ability to grant doctoral and habilitation degrees depend on a position

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Portugal
Member of ICHMT, AIHTC, EUROTHERM(1) Overview(Portuguese Standard Time, PST: UTC+00:00, Population: 10 million)

Thermal No. 4 January 31, 2022
The first cycle education is carried out by using Portuguese or English textbooks, while the second and third
cycles use mostly English textbooks.
- Senior students engage in bachelor theses by doing experimental/theoretical studies under his/hersupervisors.
6. University System

1. Organizations
There are no organizations strictly related to heat and mass transfer, but rather the following
general or Mechanical Engineering associations:Portuguese Engineers Association (Ordem dos Engenheiros)
https://www.ordemengenheiros.pt/pt/
APMTAC – Portuguese Association of Theoretical, Applied and Computational Mechanics
http://www-ext.lnec.pt/APMTAC/welcome_eng.html

EFRIARC - Portuguese Association of Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning
Engineers
https://efriarc.pt/
2. Major meetings
There are no national meetings on heat transfer, but this subject is integrated in the following
congress jointly organized by APMTAC and SEMNI (http://www.cimne.com/semni):
Congress on Numerical Methods in Engineering (every two years, from 2002)

Portuguese higher education is organized in a binary system that integrates university education andpolytechnic education and is taught in public and private institutions. The private higher education
institutions have to obtain prior recognition of the Ministry with the authority of the Higher
Education. University education includes universities, university institutes and other university
teaching institutions. Polytechnic education comprises polytechnic institutes and other polytechnicteaching institutions.
University education is guided by a perspective of research promotion and creation of knowledge andaims to ensure solid scientific and cultural preparation and provide technical training to enable for the
exercise of professional and cultural activities and promote the development of design capabilities,
innovation and critical analysis.
Polytechnic education is guided by a perspective of applied research and development aimed atunderstanding and solving concrete problems and aims at providing a solid cultural and technicaltraining at the higher level, developing the capacity for innovation and critical analysis and providing
scientific knowledge of theoretical and practical nature and their applications for the exercise of
professional activities.

3. Major journals
There are no Portuguese journals on heat and mass transfer
Ingenium (Journal of the Portuguese Engineers Association, issued every two months, in Portuguese)
https://www.ordemengenheiros.pt/pt/centro-de-informacao/publicacoes/revista-ingenium/

Public universities in continental Portugal:
 Minho University - https://www.uminho.pt/EN/Pages/default.aspx
 University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro - https://www.utad.pt/en/ Porto University - https://sigarra.up.pt/up/en/ Aveiro University - https://www.ua.pt/



4. Foundations of Scientific Research







Coimbra University - https://www.uc.pt/en
Beira Interior University - https://www.ubi.pt/en/
Lisboa University - https://www.ulisboa.pt/en
Nova University Lisbon - https://www.ulisboa.pt/en
University of Évora - https://www.uevora.pt/en
University of Algarve - https://www.ualg.pt/en

Ministry of Science, Technology and Higher Education
https://www.portugal.gov.pt/pt/gc21/area-de-governo/ciencia-tecnologia-e-ensino-superiorPortuguese Science Foundation (Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia)
https://www.fct.pt/
National Innovation Agency
https://www.ani.pt/

Polytechnic Institutes (https://ccisp.pt/en/home/): one per district, on the average

5. Education (Undergraduate/Graduate School)

7. Major Public/Private Research Institutes

In 2005 a process of reform of the Basic Law of the Educational System was started in order toimplement the Bologna Process (https://ec.europa.eu/education/policies/higher-education/bologna-processand-european-higher-education-area_en), with the introduction of the European Credit Transfer System(ECTS) in study cycles, mobility mechanisms, diploma supplement, among others. Higher education
began to have a new structure of three cycles of studies, leading to the academic degrees of bachelor,master and doctor. This structure was introduced in 2006.

INETI – National Institute of Engineering, Technology and Innovation (Instituto Nacional de Engenharia,
Tecnologia e Inovação)https://ineti.pt/
LNEC - National Laboratory of Civil Engineering (Laboratório Nacional de Engenharia Civil)
http://www.lnec.pt/en/

Higher education system with three cycles of studies: First cycle, 3 years, Bachelor's degree (Universities and Polytechnic Schools)
 Second cycle, 2 years, Master’s degree (Universities and Polytechnic Schools) Third cycle, 3 years, Doctor’s degree (Universities)

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by Vítor Costa (AIHTC) and Pedro Coelho (ICHMT, AIHTC, Eurotherm)

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Information and organizational support for the participation of Russian scientists in theactivities of the International Centre for Heat and Mass Transfer;
Holding Russian national conferences on heat transfer;
Organization of Seminar Schools on heat transfer problems for young scientists and engineers;Functional support for the Russian journal "Thermal Processes in Engineering"https://mai.ru/science/publish/

RussiaMember of ICHMT, AIHTC(1) Overview
National Committee for Heat and Mass Transfer,
Russian Academy of Sciences
OIVT RAN, 17A, Krasnokazarmennaya Str.,
Moscow, 111116, Russia
nchmt@iht.mpei.ac.ru
www.nchmt.ru

Since 1994, the Russian National Heat Transfer Conferences have been held every four years. The
total number of papers presented by Russian researchers was about 500 at each conference. In 2022,
the 8th Russian National Heat Transfer Conference is scheduled to take place at the Moscow PowerEngineering Institute on October 17-22. https://rnhtc.mpei.ru/(Moscow standard time, MST: UTC+3, Population: 146 million)

The National Committee for Heat and Mass Transfer (NCHMT) was
organized on June 10, 1971.
Academician M.A. Styrikovich was elected the first chairman of theNCHMT and remained in his position until 1994.

M.A. Styrikovich
Academicians S.S. Kutateladze, A.V. Luikov and M.A.
Styrikovich were among the founders and creators of theInternational Centre for Heat and Mass Transfer(ICHMT, http://www.ichmt.org/).

School-Seminar of young scientists and specialists under the scientific leadership of Professor A.I.
Leontiev "Problems of Heat and Mass Transfer and Gas Dynamics in Power Plants" has been held
once every two years since 1977. The School-Seminar brings together young scientists and engineers
working in the field of thermal physics and heat transfer, providing an open forum to discuss current
and future research directions. As a rule, the School-Seminar is held in different cities of the RussianFederation.
The XXIII school-seminar was held on May 24-28, 2021 in Yekaterinburg on the basis of the Instituteof Thermal Physics of the Russian Academy of Sciences. There were about 200 presentations by
young researchers and 29 lectures by distinguished professors. www.nchmt.ru; http://itpekb.ru

S.S. Kutateladze
A.V. Luikov
Since its foundation, the National Committee for Heat and Mass Transfer has been an institutional
member of the International Centre for Heat and Mass Transfer.
Michael A. Styrikovich was president of the International Centre of Heat and Mass Transfer from1972 to 1976, and Alexander I. Leontiev was vice-president of the ICHMT from 2002 to 2006.
Leonid A. Dombrovsky is currently a member of the ICHMT Executive Committee.
Twenty Russian scientists are members of the Scientific Council of the ICHMT. This is the second
largest national representation in the Scientific Council after the USA.
From 1971 to 1992, the National Committee for Heat and Mass Transfer provided information andorganizational support for the participation of delegations of researchers at more than 89 international
scientific events on various problems of heat and mass transfer.
Delegates from Russia to the Assembly of International
Conferences on Heat Transfer are Leonid Dombrovsky andAlexander Leontiev.

Alexander I. Leontiev
Leonid A. Dombrovsky
The main goals of the National Committee for Heat and Mass Transfer are:Analyze new information in the field of heat and mass transfer from the world's leading
universities and research centers;
43

Memorable photos from various conferences and School-Seminars. Among the participants in a
number of School-Seminars were Professors D.B. Spalding, J.R. Lloyd, A. Bar-Cohen, J.R. Howell,and T.W. Simon.

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SerbiaMember of ICHMT(1) Overview

1.2 Serbian Chemical Society (founded in 1897, https://www.shd.org.rs/ )1.2.1 Publications:International Journal of the Serbian Chemical Society (Open Access Journal in English, Vol. 89 in
2021, https://www.shd-pub.org.rs/index.php/JSCS/index )(Central European Time, CET: UTC+1, Population: 7 million)
1. Organizations
1.1 The Society of Thermal Engineers of Serbia (https://www.drustvo-termicara.com/) is the leading
professional association in Serbia of scientific researchers, professors and engineers dealing with heat and masstransfer, fluid mechanics, thermodynamics, combustion, power and energy system, etc. It is legal successor of
the Society of Thermal Engineers of Yugoslavia that was founded in 1962 following the idea and initiative of
the researchers from the Thermal Engineering Laboratory of the Institute “Boris Kidrič” (today’s ThermalEngineering and Energy Laboratory of the Institute of Nuclear Sciences in Vinča, http://www.ltevinca.rs/public/lang/rs). The main objective of the Society was/is to establish/promote better cooperation andexchange of the fundamental/applied knowledge in the field of heat and mass transfer between
research/educational institutions and industry in the country, region and the world. Following these ideas
leading researchers from the Institute “Vinča” in September 1968 organized in Yugoslavia, 1st International
Symposium/ summer school titled “Heat and Mass Transfer in Turbulent Boundary Layers” which participated
115 leading world experts from 11 countries, from Europe, USA Canada and USSR. In spite of difficult
political situation (due to Cold war) at that time in the world, based on excellent organization and high levelof presented papers, most of the present experts agreed that such international cooperation should be continued
by organizing regularly Symposiums on different subjects/problems in heat and mass transfer. For therealization of these tasks the INTERNATIONAL CENTRE FOR HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER was
established with Head office in The Institute of Nuclear Sciences “VINČA”, leaded by Professor Zoran Zarić
as general secretary (1968-1985) and Professor Naim Afgan as scientific secretary (1968-1985) and later as
general secretary (1985-1993) until the Center was relocated to Turkey in 1993. In period 1968-1993, ICHMT
organized 47 international scientific events/meetings. Proceedings, published by world leading publishingcompanies, mostly edited by Professor Naim Afgan, are still among the best archive scientificpublications/literature for the related area of heat and mass transfer (list of meetings, publications can be foundat http://thermalscience.vinca.rs/pdfs/papers-2020/TSCI200628265S.pdf)
1.1.1. Publications
Journal TERMOTEHNIKA (in Serbian since 1975, http://termotehnika.vinca.rs/) published by The
Society of Thermal Engineers in cooperation with the Laboratory for Thermal Engineering and Energy of theInstitute VINČA.
International Journal THERMAL SCIENCE (in English since 1997, http://thermalscience.vinca.rs)
Due to international sanctions imposed against Yugoslavia in May 1992 (until 2001), which caused extreme
problems for the scientific research institutions in Yugoslavia, including barriers for their international cooperation, in 1994 Prof. Simeon Oka from the Laboratory for Thermal Engineering and Energy of the InstituteVINČA, initiated the publication of one issue per year in English of the Journal Termotehnika, and in 1996 heinitiated and started editing the International Journal THERMAL SCIENCE with scientific papers fromthe relevant international community. International Journal Thermal Science (Open Access Journal), foundedby the Society of Thermal Engineers of Serbia and published by the Institute of Nuclear Sciences “VINČA”is on SCI list since 2009, with a constant increase of the number of published papers and Impact factor value.
1.1.2 Meetings
International Symposiums on heat and mass transfer (since 1964), since 2003 biannually incooperation with Faculty of Mechanical Engineering – University of Niš (last, 19th International Conferenceon Thermal Science and Engineering of Serbia on October 22-25, 2019).
International Conference POWER PLANTS since 2004, biannually (9th International Conference on
November 16-17, 2021, https://e2021.drustvo-termicara.com )Regional IEEP Conference Industrial Energy and Environmental Protection in South Eastern
European Countries, biannually (last, 7th Conference on June 19-22, 2019).
ENERGY DAY SERBIA Annual meeting organized in cooperation with ENERGOPROJEKT ENTEL
since 2011 (last, June 2019).
International Forum for clean energy technologies in cooperation with Faculty of Technical Sciences– University of Novi Sad (14th Forum September 28-29, 2021)

1.3 Association of Chemical Engineers of Serbia (founded in 1953, http://www.ache.org.rs/index.php/sr/)
1.3.1 Publications:Chemical Industry (since 1947, in Serbian/English Open Access Journal, Vol. 75 in 2021,
https://www.ache-pub.org.rs/index.php/HemInd/ )Chemical Industry & Chemical Engineering Quarterly (since 1995, Open Access Journal in English,
Vol. 27 in 2021 http://www.ache.org.rs/CICEQ/)

45

1.4 Union of Engineers and Technicians of Serbia (founded in 1868, is union of different professionalsocieties, associations/unions, sections and branches, https://www.sits.org.rs )1.4.1 Publications:
Magazine TEHNIKA (since 1945 in Serbian, 6 issues/year, Vol. 76 in 2021
https://www.sits.org.rs/textview.php?file=348.html)
1.5 Union of Mechanical and Electrical Engineers and Technicians of Serbia (founded in 1951, is
association of different professional societies, sections and branches https://www.smeits.rs/eng/)
1.5.1Serbian Society for Heating, Ventilating, Air-Conditioning & Refrigeration
1.5.1.1 Publications:
Journal KGH (since 1972 in Serbian, 4 numbers/year, Vol. 50 in 2021
https://izdanja.smeits.rs/index.php/kgh/issue/view/380)
1.5.1.2 Meetings: International HVA&R Congress with Exhibition, every December (52th in 2021)
1.5.2 Serbian Society for Processing (former Process Engineering Section)
1.5.2.1 Publications: Journal Procesna tehnika/Process Engineering (since 1984 in Serbian, 2 numbers/year,
Vol. 33 in 2021 https://izdanja.smeits.rs/index.php/procteh/issue/view/378)
1.5.2.2 Meetings: International Congress on Process Engineering - Processing (annual meeting, 34th in 2021)
2. Founds for Scientific Research
Ministry for Education, Science and Technological Development of the Republic of Serbia(https://www.mpn.gov.rs/)
EU founds
3. System of Education
According to Bologna declaration (first semester starts in October, second semester in February):
Bachelor academic studies 6 semesters (3 years)
Master academic studies 4 semesters (Master degree Σ 3+2 years)
Doctoral academic studies 6 semesters (PhD degree Σ 3+2+3 years)
4. Education/Research institutions
4.1 Faculty of Mechanical Engineering – University of Belgrade (https://www.mas.bg.ac.rs/eng/start)
4.1.1Publications FME Transactions (Open Access Journal in English, since 1970, Vol. 41 in 2021
https://www.mas.bg.ac.rs/istrazivanje/fme/start )4.2 Faculty of Mechanical Engineering – University of Niš (https://www.masfak.ni.ac.rs/index.php/en/)
4.2.1 Publications
Facta Universitatis, Series: Mechanical Engineering, (Open Access Journal in English, since 1986, Vol.
19 in 2021 http://casopisi.junis.ni.ac.rs/public/journals/8/homeHeaderTitleImage_en_US.png)
4.3 Faculty of Technical Sciences – University of Novi Sad (http://ftn.uns.ac.rs)
4.4 Faculty of Engineering – University of Kragujevac (http://www.fink.rs/en/)
4.5 Faculty of Mechanical and Civil Engineering Kraljevo – University of Kragujevac(https://www.mfkv.rs/)
5. Research Institutions
5.1 Institute of Nuclear Sciences “Vinča”, Laboratory for Thermal Engineering and Energy,(http://www.lte-vinca.rs/public/lang/rs)

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6. University System (Faculty, Employment, etc.)

SingaporeMember Of AuTSE(1) Overview(Singapore Time, SGT: UTC+8, Population: 5.5 million)
1. Organizations
The relationships among our engineering societies are approximately shown in Fig. 1.

Cooling Energy Scienceand Technology Singapore(CoolestSG) Consortium

In Singapore, there are two major public universities with engineering programs:
National University of Singapore (2500 Academic staff, about 35,000 students including 27, 000 undergraduate
and 8,000 postgraduate students)
Nanyang Technological University (1700 Academic staff, about 31,000 students including 23, 000 undergraduate
and 8,000 postgraduate students)
7. Major Public/Private Research InstitutesAdvanced Remanufacturing and Technology Centre (ARTC)
Institute of High-Performance Computing (IHPC)Institute of Microelectronics (IME)Singapore Institute of Manufacturing Technology (SIMTech)(CoolestSG: 25 members)by P.S. Lee (CoolestSG) and S.K. Chou (IES)

Institution of Engineers Singapore (IES)(IES: 7,000 members)

Fig. 1 Structure of Singapore Societies of Thermal Science and Engineering

2. Major Meetings
World Engineers Summit (bi-annual event hosted by IES) (remark: the meeting does not focus on Thermal Science andEngineering)

3. Major Journals
IES Newsletter (weekly)
CoolestSG Newsletter (quarterly)
4. Foundations of Scientific Research
Ministry of Education (MOE) Singapore
National Scientific Foundation (NRF) Singapore
Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*Star) Singapore

5. Education (Undergraduate/Graduate School)- There are two semesters in a year; the first semester starts in January, while the second semester starts in August.
- Undergraduate school education is taught in English and uses English textbooks.
- Senior students are required to do a final year project under supervision by faculty member.
- Master course: usually 2 years- Doctor course: usually 4 years

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Education that subsides most universities in South Africa. At many universities financial incentives exist to publish
in journals with high impact factors.

South Africa
Member of AIHTC(1) Overview(Greenwich Mean Time, UTC/GMT+2, Population: 59 million)
1. Organizations
South Africa has no specific heat transfer and/or thermal science societies and most scholars conducting heattransfer research are members of the South African Institute of Mechanical Engineers (SAIMechE) or the South
African Institution of Chemical Engineers (SAIChE).
2. Major Meetings
There are no regular national meetings dedicated to heat transfer and thermal sciences. However, contributions onheat transfer and thermal sciences can be presented at the South African Conference on Computational and Applied
Mechanics (SACAM) which takes place every two years. Further, 15 major international conferences under the
auspices of HEFAT (International Conference on Heat Transfer, Fluid Mechanics and Thermodynamics) havebeen organized from South Africa since 2002 by Prof Josua Meyer. Four of these conferences were presented inSouth Africa. The next HEFAT2022 conference has been scheduled for 8 – 10 August 2022 in Amsterdam. The
conference website is available on: hefat2022.org

4. Education (undergraduate and postgraduate studies)South Africa has 27 universities of which many offers engineering. The quality and standards vary but the qualityof the below eight universities are very high as these Universities has been accredited by the Engineering Councilof South Africa (ECSA). Since ECSA is a signatory of the Washington Accord the programmes are accepted for
professional registration via the International Engineering Alliance in the following 20 countries: Korea, Russia,
Malaysia, China, South Africa, New Zeeland, Australia, Canada, Ireland, Hong Kong China, Chinese Taipei,
Singapore, Sri Lanka, Japan, India, United States, Turkey, United Kingdom, Costa Rica, Pakistan and Peru.
University of Cape Town
University of Kwazulu-Natal
Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University
North-West University
University of Pretoria
University of Johannesburg
University of Stellenbosch
University of the Witwatersrand
All the above universities present four-year bachelor’s degree, followed by a honours and/or masters and then a
PhD-degree.

South Africa was also selected by the AIHTC as venue for the next 17th International Heat Transfer Conferences(IHTC17); which is considered as the “Olympics of Heat Transfer” and is being presented only every fourth year.
The conference was scheduled to be presented in Cape Town in August 2022. Because of the Covid-19
international travel restrictions the conference has been postponed to 3 – 7 July 2023. The conference website isavailable on: IHTC17.org

5. University System
The Council on Higher Education (CHE) is an independent statutory quality council for South African higher
education. Its vision is to “… lead and manage quality assurance; research and monitor trends and development;
initiate critical discourse on contemporary higher education issues; and provide advice to the Minister on strategy
and policy. The main areas of work of the CHE are to: provide advice to the Minister of Higher Education andTraining on all higher education matters on request, and proactively; promote a system of quality assurance for all
higher education institutions, including private providers of higher education, which focuses on programme
accreditation, institutional audits, national reviews, standards development, quality promotion and capacity
development; monitor the state of higher education and publish information regarding developments in higher
education on a regular basis; and contribute to the development of higher education through intellectual
engagement with key issues in a number of activities in partnership with relevant stakeholders”.
The academic ranks at most universities are junior lecturer, lecturer, senior lecture, associate professor andprofessor. Tenure is commonly awarded after 2 years since the appointment. The mandatory retirement age is 65.
In some exceptional cases further contract appointments are made. Retired professors are usually appointed after
retirement as “emeritus professors” and may continue conducting research and supervision of postgraduate
students.
6. Foundations of Scientific Research
The only general foundation of research support is the National Research Foundation (NRF). It is an independent
statutory body that funds research, high-end human capacity and critical research infrastructure to promoteknowledge production across all disciplinary fields. Funding levels are usually very low and therefore mostscholars rely on international research foundations and industry for research funding.
7. Major Public/Private Research Institutes
Most research in heat transfer is conducted by individuals or research groups within universities. Usually inprogrammes that offers mechanical-, chemical- and/or nuclear engineering.

3. Major journals
There are no South African journals dedicated to heat transfer or thermal sciences. However, articles on heattransfer and thermal sciences are accepted for publication in the accredited R&D Journal of the SAIMechE. Most
scholars publish their work in well-established English journals listed on the International Scientific Index (ISI)
and/or articles listed by Scopus. Articles published in these journals earn funding from the Department of

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by Prof Josua P Meyer (University of Pretoria) and Prof Jat du Toit (North-West University)

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4. Education (Undergraduate/Graduate School)

South Korea
Member of ICHMT, AIHTC, AUTSE(1) Overview(Korea Standard Time, KST: UTC+9, Population: 51.8 million)

1. Major Societies
Most of Korean scientists and engineers in thermal science and engineering (or more specifically heat andmass transfer) belong to the Thermal Engineering Division of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers(KSME; approximately 27,000 registered members), Division of Nuclear Thermal Hydraulics of Korean Nuclear
Society (KNS; approximately 5,000 registered members), Society of Air-conditioning and Refrigerating Engineersof Korea (SAREK; approximately 9,000 registered members), and/or Korean Society of Combustion (KOSCO;
approximately 800 registered members). KSME-TED is a core society of heat and mass transfer in Korea.

2. Major Meetings- Elementary School, 6 years; Middle School, 3 years; High School, 3 years; Undergraduate School, 4 years.
- In most universities, the first semester starts in March, while the second semester starts in September.
- Most of undergraduate school education is carried out by using English textbooks, and some of the lectures aretaught in English.
- Master course is usually 2 years, and Doctor course is 4 years on average (integrated Ph.D. course is often 5
years).
- Recently, there exist growing needs for female or international faculty in engineering schools.

5. University System- Tenure-track professors are usually independent and run their own laboratory (similar to the US university
system).
- At most of universities, the retirement age is 65.

6. Foundations of Scientific Research

Thermal Engineering Conferences by KSME-TED
during Spring (April) of KSME-TED and Fall Annual Meeting of KSME (November)
Place: mostly Hotel or Convention Center around the country
Seasonal Conferences by KNS
during Spring (May) and Autumn (October) Annual Meetings
Place: mostly Hotel or Convention Center around the country
Seasonal Conference by SAREK
during summer (June) and winter (November)
Place: mostly Hotel or Convention Center around the country
Seasonal Conference by KOSCO
during spring (May) and winter (November)
Place: mostly Hotel or Convention Center around the country- National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF)- Korea Institute of Energy Technology Evaluation and Planning (KETEP)- Korea Evaluation Institute of Industrial Technology (KEIT)

7. Major Public Research Institutes- Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials (KIMM)- Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI)- Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST)- Korea Institute of Energy Research (KIER)- Korea Institute of Industrial Technology (KITECH)

8. Addendum
Korean is the national language of both North Korea and South Korea.
Modern Korean is written in Hangul, i.e., Korean alphabet that was originallydeveloped by King Sejong in 1446. Modern Hangul uses 24 basic letters (14consonant letters and 10 vowel letters) just like the modern English alphabet.
3. Major Journals
KSME
Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology (in English, monthly)
JMST Advances (in English, quarterly)
Transactions of the KSME A/B/C (in Korean, monthly)
KNS
Nuclear Engineering and Technology (in English, monthly)
SAREK
International Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration (in English, quarterly)
Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering (in Korean, monthly)
KOSCO
Journal of The Korean Society of Combustion (in Korean, quarterly)

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President of KSME-TED
President of KNS
President of SAREK
President of KOSCO

Tong Seop KIM
Dong-Wook JERNGMin Soo KIM
Jeong PARK

52

kts@inha.ac.kr
dwjerng@cau.ac.kr
minskim@snu.ac.kr
jeongpark@pknu.ac.kr

Thermal No. 4 January 31, 2022

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Thermal Filler 3 From Galilei to Nernst in Thermal Science

SwedenMember of ICHMT, EUROTHERM(1) Overview(Central European Time Zone, CET: UTC+1, Population: 10 million)
1. Organizations
There are no specific organizations for Heat Transfer in Sweden.
2. Major Meetings
There are no regular national meetings dedicated to Heat Transfer in Sweden
3. Major Journals
There are no national journals on Heat Transfer in Sweden. All research is published in international journals,
normally in the English language.
4. Foundations of Scientific ResearchThe Swedish Energy Agency, https://www.energimyndigheten.se/en/
VINNOVA, Sweden’s Innovation Agency, https://www.vinnova.se/en/
VR, Swedish research council, https://www.vr.se/english.html
Opportunities exist through various programs within the European Union

5. Education (Undergratuade/Graduate School)Nine year of compulsory school, starting at the age of seven.
Three years of high school required for admittance to university studies

6. University system

B.Sc. degree after three years of studies, in Swedish.
M. Sc. degree after another two years, often in English
Ph.D. degree after yet another five years (nominally four years).

7. Major Public / Private Research Institutes









Royal Institute of Technology, KTH
Chalmers University of Technology, CTH
Engineering faculty (LTH) of Lund University (LU)
Uppsala University (UU)
Engineering faculty (LiTH) within Linköping University (LiU)
Mälardalen UniversityLuleå University of Technology
Research Institutes of Sweden, RI.SE

by Björn Palm (Eurotherm)by Bengt Sunden (ICHMT, Eurotherm)

53

Born in the sixteenth century
Galileo Galilei (1564‒1642)
Pierre Gassendi (1592‒1655)
René Descartes (1596‒1650)
Born in the seventeenth century
Robert Boyle (1627‒1691)
Robert Hooke (1635‒1703)
Isaac Newton (1642‒1727)
Thomas Savery (ca.1650‒1715)
Thomas Newcomen (1664‒1729)
Herman Boerhaave (1668‒1738)
Stephen Hales (1677‒1761)
John Theophilus Desaguliers (1683‒1744)
Colin Maclaurin (1698‒1746)
Born in the eighteenth century
Benjamin Franklin (1706‒1790
William Cullen (1710‒1790)
David Hume (1711‒1776)
Joseph Black (1728‒1799)
James Watt (1736‒1819)
William Irvine (1743‒1787)
Antoine Laurent Lavoisier (1743‒1794)
Pierre-Simon Laplace (1749‒1827)
Benjamin Thompson, Count von Rumford (1753‒
1814)
Lazare Carnot (1753–1823)
William Cleghorn (1754‒1783)
John Dalton (1766‒1844)

Jean-Baptiste Joseph Fourier (1768‒1830)
Thomas Young (1773‒1829)
Charles Bernard Desormes (1777‒1838)
Louis Joseph Gay-Lussac (1778‒1850)
Nicolas Clément (1779–1841)
Siméon Denis Poisson (1781‒1840)
Michael Faraday (1791‒1867)
William Whewell (1794‒1866)
Nicolas Léonard Sadi Carnot (1796‒1832)
Émile Clapeyron (1799‒1864)
Born in the nineteenth century
Henri Regnault (1810–1878)
Carl Holtzmann (1811‒1865)
Julius Robert von Mayer (1814‒1878)
James Prescott Joule (1818‒1889)
Hermann Ludwig Ferdinand von Helmholtz (1821‒
1894)
Rudolf Julius Emanuel Clausius (1822‒1888)
William Thomson, 1st Baron Kelvin (1824‒1907)
Julius Thomsen (1826‒1909)
Pierre Eugène Marcellin Berthelot (1827‒1907)
James Clerk Maxwell (1831‒1879)
Josiah Willard Gibbs (1839‒1903)
August Horstmann (1842‒1929)
Ludwig Eduard Boltzmann (1844‒1906)
Jacobus Henricus vanʼt Hoff (1852‒1911)
Max Karl Ernst Ludwig Planck (1858‒1947)
Walther Hermann Nernst (1864‒1941)

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Thermal No. 4 January 31, 2022

ThailandMember of ICHMT(1) Overview(Thailand Standard Time, THA: UTC+7, Population: 69.8 million)
1. Major Societies
Most of Thai scientists and engineers in thermal science and engineering (or more specifically heat and masstransfer) belong to the Thai Society of Mechanical Engineers (TSME). The objectives of the society are
1. To support harmonization among members in the practice of mechanical engineer and other related professions
in treating society without being contrary to morality and the laws of the country.
2. To cooperate between members of the association, academic departments and other organizations, bothgovernment and private sectors in having a good purpose and ideology in any actions that the association has theability to develop the nation to prosper equally to other countries.
3. To be a center for research studies and academic consultations in mechanical engineering for members andinterested parties.
4. To proceed with academic focus that is beneficial to public without aiming for benefits and not having any rolein politics. Do not relate to gambling, profit sharing as well as degrading morals, customs and good culture of thenation. The symbol of the society is as shown in Fig. 1.

Fig. 2 The cover of Journal of Research and Applications in Mechanical Engineering (JRAME)

4. Education (Undergraduate/Graduate School)

Fig. 1 The logo representing the TSME association of thermal science and engineering
2. Major Meetings
The National Conference of the Mechanical Engineering Network of Thailand (ME-NETT)
Since 1987, annually held (the 35th in 2021)
Place: rotated among all institutional members around the country
Period: 3 days in July
Participants: about 400
Paper presentations (oral): about 250
The International Conference on Mechanical Engineering (TSME-ICoME)
Since 2010, annually held (the 11th in 2020)
Place: rotated among all institutional members around the country
Period: 3 days in December
Participants: about 300
Paper presentations (oral): about 150
3. Major Journals
Journal of Research and Applications in Mechanical Engineering (JRAME) (in English, every 6 months),
https://ph01.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/jrame.

- Elementary School, 6 years; Junior High School, 3 years; High School, 3 years; Undergraduate School, 4 years.
After Junior High School, there is an alternative choice of Technical colleges and Vocational schools, 3-5 years.
- In general, the first semester of Elementary School, Junior High School and High School starts in May, while thesecond semester starts in October. The first semester of Undergraduate School starts in June – August, while thesecond semester starts in November – January.
- Most of undergraduate school education is carried out by using English and Thai textbooks.
- Senior students engage in bachelor thesis by doing experimental/theoretical studies under his/her supervisors.
- Master course is usually 2 years, and Doctoral course is 3 years on average.
- The graduation deadlines of doctoral, master and bachelor students are usually at the end of each semester.
- Female students in the faculty of engineering have increased gradually.
5. University System- Academic positions are based assistant professor, associate professor, and professor.
- The academic position criteria are revised according to the global academic position criteria.
- All public universities, the retirement age is 60.
6. Foundations of Scientific Research- Ministry of Higher Education, Science, Research and Innovation (MHESI)- National Research and Innovation Information System (NRIIS)- National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA)
7. Major Public/Private Research Institutes- 32 Institutional members of Thai Society of Mechanical Engineers (TSME)- National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA)- National Research Council of Thailand (NRCT)- Private Research Institutes
8. Addendum
Thai language has 44 consonant letters, 21 vowel nuclei providing 32 sounds and 5 phonemic tones: mid, low,
falling, high, and rising.
President of TSME KULACHATE Pianthong

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K.Pianthong@gmail.com
kulachate.p@ubu.ac.thThermal No. 4 January 31, 2022

The Netherlands
Member of ICHMT, AIHTC, EOROTHERM(1) Overview(Central European Time, CET: UTC+1, Population: 17.5 million)

Thermal No. 4 January 31, 2022
4. Education (Undergraduate/Graduate School)

1. Major Societies

The Netherlands has one large society for all engineering
disciplines: the KIvI (Koninklijk Instituut voor Ingenieurs).
KIvI has 40 divisions, such as energy and heat technology,
process technology, mechanical engineering. The energy
and heat technology division of KIvI organizes several
small-scale symposia per year on a large variety of specifictopics.

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Elementary School, 6 years; High School, 6 years; Bachelor program of 3 years; Master program of 2
years.
After High School, there is an alternative choice for a HBO (Hoger BeroepsOnderwijs: Higher
Professional Education), sometimes called a University of Applied Sciences leading to a bachelor title in
4 years. Since a few years, some HBOs also offer a limited number of Master programs.
There are 11 regular universities, of which 3 (Delft, Eindhoven and Twente) are technical universities
with engineering faculties. The universities of Wageningen and Groningen offer a restricted number ofengineering programs.
There are 37 HBOs.
All programs start early September, and are divided either in semesters or in quarters.
All Bachelor and Master programs at the regular universities use the English language. This has led to alarge inflow of foreign students in our programs.
Most of the Bachelor programs at the HBOs use the Dutch language.
After a Master program our students have the option to apply for a 4-years PhD program.
In the engineering faculties there still is a severe gender imbalance with a low percentage of female
students.

5. University System
Most of Dutch scientists and engineers in heat and mass transfer from the Dutch universities belong together withthe scientists in fluid mechanics to the J.M. Burgerscentrum.



Most universities are based upon research groups, which each have one or more full professors (chairs)
and some associate and assistant professors, in which part of the latter have a tenure track position.
The educational part of some of the PhD programs is organized in national research schools, such as the
J.M. Burgerscentrum.
The retirement age in the Netherlands gradually increases towards 67 in the year 2024.

6. Foundations of Scientific ResearchThe J.M. Burgerscentrum is the national research school for fluid mechanics. About sixty professors with
their groups with a total of 120 senior scientific staff participate in it. With the combined knowledge, skills
and facilities of these research groups the JMBC offers a very stimulating, multidisciplinary environment foradvanced research in fluid mechanics and heat transfer and for the education of talented graduate andpostgraduate students. At present more than 350 PhD-students and 60 postdocs participate in the JMBC. JMBC
has contact groups on multiphase flow, CFD, combustion, Lattice-Boltzmann techniques, turbulence,experimental techniques, biological fluid mechanics and microfluidics.
Next to the contact group on combustion within the JMBC in the Netherlands there is also a national sectionof the Combustion Institute. The main event organized by the Dutch Section is the annually 1-day symposium"Combura" in cooperation with the Dutch Section of IFRF "Nederlandse Vereniging voor Vlamonderzoek"(NVV).



Dutch research council NWO (Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek).
The ministry of economic affairs sponsors cooperation between research institutes/universities andindustry in 10 top sectors. One of these top sectors is Energy.
There are ample possibilities for research funding by programs of the European Union.

7. Major Public/Private Research Institutes
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TNO - Netherlands Organization for Applied Scientific Research
ECN - Energy Centre Netherlands
Marin - Maritime Research Institute Netherlands
Deltares - National Research Centre for Water and Subsurface
NLR - National Aerospace Laboratory
ISPT - Institute for Sustainable Process Technology

8. Addendum
2. Major Meetings
The Burgers Symposium is the national meeting of the J.M. Burgerscentrum. This is an annual 2-day eventat the end of May or early June, with about 200 participants. The program consists of a mix of invited lectures
given by (foreign) senior scientists and short presentations by the PhDs from the J.M. Burgerscentrum.

The Netherlands is member of the AIHTC, where it also represents Belgium, Luxembourg, Denmark, Finland,
Sweden and Norway
President of the Division Energy and Heat Technology of KIvI: Bendix Jan BOERSMA (b.j.boersma@tudelft.nl)
President of J.M. Burgers Centre: Ruud HENKES (r.a.w.m.henkes@tudelft.nl)

COMBURA, the national meeting of the Dutch section of the Combustion Institute (CI). This is an annual 2day meeting in November with about 60 participants. The program consists of a few invited lectures given by(foreign) senior scientists and lectures from Dutch members of the CI.

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Thermal No. 4 January 31, 2022

UCTEA Energy Symposium
organized by ,TMMOB(The Union of Chambers of Turkish Engineers and Architects/ MMO is member of TMMOB)
 Congress: Since 1995, held every two years
 Place: Ankara Period: 3 days

TurkeyMember of ICHMT(1) Overview(Eastern European Time, EET: UTC+3, Population: 84 million)
1. Organizations

3. Major Journals

The relationships among our societies are roughly expressed as shown in Table 1.
Table 1 . Transition steps from associations to sectoral structuring with historical orderSocietyMembers

Chambers of Mechanical Engineers (MMO)

Founding Date

119554

1954

Turkish Society of Thermal Sciences and Technology (TIBTD)

1217

1977

Turkish Society of HVAC and Sanitary Engineers (TTMD)

2101

1992

The Union of Chambers and Commodity Exchanges of Turkey(TOBB) Air Conditioning Assembly (with 14 sub-societies)

61

2005

ASHRAE Turkish Chapter (ASHRAE-TC)

154

2013

Turkey's Energy Outlook Reportby MMO published in every two years since 2010.
Journal of Thermal Sciences and Technology
by TIBTD published in English, published in April and October every year since 1977.
Engineer and Machineryby MMO published in every three months since 1954
Installation Engineeringby MMO published in every two months since 2000.

2. Major Meetings
Congress on Thermal Science and Technology
organized by TIBTD
 Since 1977, held every two years
 Place: University campus (all around the country)
 Period: 2 days at September Paper Presentations (oral) : about 250
National Installation Engineering Congress TESKON-SODEX fairorganized by MMO and Deutsche Messe AG

Thermal No. 4 January 31, 2022

Congress
Joint Congress and Fair
PeriodPaper Presentations (oral): Since 1993, held every two years: Since 2009, held every two years: 3 days around Spring: about 200

Energy Efficiency Congressorganized by MMO
 Congress Place Participants
 Paper Presentations (oral): Since 2007, held every two years: Kocaeli: about 800: about 100

4. Foundations of Scientific Research
The Scinetific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TÜBİTAK)Republic Of Turkey Ministry of Industry and Technology
5. Education (Undergraduate/Graduate School)
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In general, the first semester starts in September, while the second semester starts in January.
The language of education could be fully in Turkish, partially in English-Turkish or fully in English.
Textbooks are selected in the same language as the language in which the course is taught.
Senior students engage in bachelor studies with their supervisors and co-supervisors.
Master of Science Degrees: 2 years
Doctorate Degrees: 4 years

6. University System (Faculty, Employment, etc.)

Solar Energy Systems Symposium and Exhibition
organized by MMO
 Congress: Since 2003, held every two years
 Place: Mersin Participants: about 800
 Paper Presentations (oral) : about 100

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Entrance Examinations: Higher Education Institutions Examination (YKS)
Entrance without Exam
: Vocational High School in Air Conditioning Systems and Refrigeration
can enter associate degrees in related field.
Associate Degrees (2 years) : Air conditioning and Refrigeration Technology
Bachelor Degrees (4 years) : Mechanical Engineering
Employment: Mechanical Engineers could work at HVAC-R employment, Mechanicalengineers with related certification of MMO can design HVAC-R projects.

by Murat ERBAŞ (TIBTD), Atilla BIYIKOĞLU (TIBTD – ASHRAE-TC), and Özgür BAYER (MMO)

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Thermal No. 4 January 31, 2022
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United Kingdom
Member of ICHMT, AIHTC, EUROTHERM(1) Overview

(Greenwich Mean Time, GMT: UTC, Population: 67 million)
1. Organizations



Increasing the capacity factor of concentrated solar thermal power plants, Professor Kamel Hooman, Universityof Queensland
Decarbonized Combustion: Research Needs for Zero Pollution, Professor Yannis Hardalupas, Imperial College
LondonSimulating vapour nucleation at nanoscale through diffuse interface modelling, Professor Marco Marengo,
University of Brighton
Carbon Capture & Storage: Current Status of Technology, Dr Salman Masoudi, Brunel University London.

The Heat Transfer community in the United Kingdom is represented at national level by the UK National Heat Transfer
Committee (UKNHTC: www.uknhtc.org/) which was established in 1982 as a joint committee of the Institution ofChemical Engineers (IChemE) and Institution of Mechanical and Engineers (IMechE). The founding Chair and IChemE
representative was the late Professor Geoffrey Hewitt of Imperial College London, while Professor Hugh Simpson ofStrathclyde University represented the IMechE at the time. Other professional bodies whose members have an interest in heattransfer include the Energy Institute, the Institute of Refrigeration and the Chartered Institution of Building Services
Engineers.

3. Major Journals
Special Issues based on the UK NHTC conferences are organized.
Examples from the most recent conference held in Nottingham are included in Advances in Heat Transfer and ThermalEngineering – Proc. of the 16th UK Heat Transfer Conference, Ed C. wen and Y. Yan, Springer, 2021,
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-33-4765-6.

The mission of the UKNHTC is to advance the development and exchange of knowledge in the Heat Transfer field and inparticular to: Promote excellence in Heat Transfer education, research and practice Facilitate the exchange of relevant knowledge in Heat Transfer
 Promote collaboration between industry, universities, government, and professional societies
 Facilitate public understanding of technical issues related to Heat Transfer
 Raise the international profile of the UK Heat Transfer community

4. Education (Undergraduate/Graduate School)
The UK education system is worldwide recognized for its teaching and research excellence. Education policy is devolved to
the four countries of the UK. The degree structure in England, Wales and Northern Ireland is common, however Scotland
traditionally operates with undergraduate degree programmes which are one year longer than those in the remainder of the
UK (RUK). Entry to UG degrees in RUK is normally after 13 years of formal education, with A levels being the standard
entry qualification, while in Scotland students can enter undergraduate programmes after 12 years of schooling with Scottish
Highers being the standard entry qualifications. Universities admit students with a range of other qualifications. Undergraduate
bachelor level courses (BA, BSc and BEng) in the RUK are 3 years, and 4 years in Scotland. Several universities offer 4-year
undergraduate courses, where the students complete one year in a workplace, usually prior to their final year. In engineeringand the sciences professional bodies require an academic qualification at masters level for professional recognition. Many
universities offer integrated masters degrees, e.g. MEng, MPhys or MChem which are one year longer than the corresponding
bachelors degree. Postgraduate taught (MSc) and research degrees (MPhil, PhD) are also offered in several universities. MSc
and MPhil degrees are typically one year long while a PhD is three years. A four years Doctor of Engineering (EngD) degrees
are also awarded by UK institutions and hosted by industry.

2. Major Meetings organized or supported by the UK Heat Transfer Committee.
UK National Heat Transfer Conference (UKHTC)
Since 1984, initially held every four years, now every 2 years.
Place: rotated among various universities
Period: two or three days in September
Participants: about 200

Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science -Proc. IMechE, Part C (Thermodynamics and Heat Transfer Section).

Heat transfer is taught in a range of undergraduate and postgraduate programmes, typically in Mechanical, Aerospace,
Chemical and Building Engineering departments across the UK.

Micro and Nano Flow Conference (MNF)
Since 2006, held every 2 years
Period: Normally in September
Participants: about 150
IHTC
Providing support by organizing the refereeing process for papers submitted from the
UK and countries allocated by the AIHTC

5. University System
There are 164 universities and higher education institutions in the UK, some 50% of these offer engineering degrees. All
UK universities are independent institutions with degree awarding powers granted by Royal Charter or Act of Parliament.
The titles of the universities and their degrees are legally protected. Funding is from a variety of sources including
government grant, student fees, research grants and endowments. The quality of university education throughout the UK(and delivered by UK institutions operating overseas) is monitored and maintained by the UK Quality Assurance Agency
for Higher Education (QAA) and all degree courses are assessed against relevant benchmark statements for the subjects.
Degrees may also be accredited by appropriate professional institutions. The requirements for accreditation of BEng,
MEng and MSc degrees are laid out by the Engineering Council.
6. Foundations of Scientific Research
Research in Heat Transfer and related areas is usually funded by: Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC)
 Royal Academy of Engineering Innovate UK Industry
 Royal Society The European Union (with the UK participating after Brexit)

Joint Academia-Industry Workshop by UKNHTC
Annually held; Period:1 day in April; Participants: about 100
Example: “Heat Transfer Research, Education and Practice in the UK” 2019 (Series Interrupted due to Covid19).

7. Heat Transfer awards
Heat Transfer prizes (uknhtc.org)


Geoffrey Hewitt award for best PhD thesis relating to heat transfer
David Kenning Award for excellence in research in two-phase (boiling) heat transfer
UKNHTC undergraduate and postgraduate awards for best thesis (BEng, MEng and MSc) relating to heat transfer

UKNHTC Seminars (sometimes co-sponsored with Research Centres in Academic Institutions)
Examples for 2021:
 Advances on the Evaporation and Wetting of Drops, Professor Khellil Sefiane, University of Edinburgh Opportunities and challenges for additive manufacturing in chemical engineering research, Dr Jonathan
McDonough, University of Newcastle

By Professor Tassos Karayiannis (UKNHTC, AIHTC), Professor Khellil Sefiane (UKNHTC, EUROTHERM), Dr. Peter Kew(UKNHTC), Dr. Francesco Coletti (UKNHTC, AIHTC).

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