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2001

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Paul Lagarde,“ Explanatory Report of the 1996 Child Protection Convention", para. 5;

gel Lowe/Michael Nicholls Q C , The 1996 Hague Convention on the Protection of Children(Bristol 2012), para.
(13)

Hague Conference on Private International Law ( H C C H ) , Practical Handbook on the Opｭ

erationHague Convention of 19 October 1996 on

63andResponsibilityof Children (The Hague 2014) , pp.

supra note 12,for the Protection｣; HenrySerrighr QC/David Williams QC/Ian Curry‑Sumner/Michael Grarion/Maria Wright, /nterna’tionalConvention on the Protection of Children and Brusｭsels Ila (Bristol 20 IS), para.

Lagarde, supranote 12, para. I(16)

Lagarde, supra note 12, para. 6,

supra note 12, para. 8.2.

Journal 2013, L 338/1)

Journal 2019, L 178/1)[Casev Chaffe [v P Q [Case C 111/17 PPU]).

[Casev DU [Case C‑85/18vKOv P [Case C

A and another (Children: Habitｭual Residence) [2013] U K S C 60)

sec

Office of the Children's Lawyer v. Baler,, 2018v Director‑General. Department of Community Services [2009] H C A

9; Commonwealth Central Authority v Cavanaugh [2015 F a m C A F C

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3 N Z L R 590; Punter v

1 N Z L R 40).

v} E Kv.

supra note 12, para. 168.
note 12, para. 46.

supra note 12, para.
exeat

Lagarde, supra note 12, para. 49.
Lagarde, supra note 12, para. 48; see also PeterNew

Pol'y & Fam. 11 (1997), pp.

Protection
Silberman, "The 1996

Hague Convention on the Protection of Children: Should the United States Join”, Fam. L.Q.
34 (2000),

supra note 30, pp. 348 ｣; Silberman, supra note 30, pp. 251 ff.; see alsocani,“ Child Protection in Private Internacional Law ‑ A n H C C H
Thomas John/Rishi Gulati/Ben Kohler (ed.), The Elgar Companion to the Hague

Private International L a w (Elgar, 2020), pp.
supra note 12, para. 47.
H C C H , supra note 13, para.
(34)

Lowe/Nicholls, supra note 12, para.

See H CCH ,“ Outline of the 19962.
Xii)

on

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"RevisedGuide:

and enforcement ofreached in the course of family matters involving children" (Preliminary Docuｷ
menc No. 4 for the Council on General Affairs and Policy 2019) , pp.

at:https://www.hcch.net/en/projects/legislativeｷprojects/ments).

of the findings ofthe Experts' Group on crossｷborder recognition and enforcement of agreements in family
matters involving children in relation to the development of a normative instrument ” (lnfor.
macion Document No. 2 for the Council on General Affairs and Policy 2020), pp. 3 ff.
(available at: https://www.hcch.net/en/projects/legislativeｷprojects/ recognicionｷandｷenforce

66“3) Paul Beaumont, Lara Walker and Jane Holliday,“ Conflicts of E U courts on child abducｭ
tion: the reality of Article 11 (of8) Brussels II a

International Law 2016, p. 221; see also Lowe/Everall/Nicholls, International MovementofChildren.

and Procedure, 2nd ed. (London 2016) ,supra note 31, pp. 269 ff.

supra note 43, para.

(50)

Lowe/Everall/Nicholls,

note 43, para.

supra note 12, para. 7.16.

https://assecs.hcch.net/ff.

67‑2‑Lowe/Everall/Nicholls, supra note 43, para. 29.12 ff.

supra note 13, para. 13.7;
all/Nicholls, supranote 22, para. 7.11 ff.; Lowe/Everｭpara. 29.12 ff.

Committee on the Rights of che Child ,“ Concluding observations on the combined fourthand fifth periodic reports of Japan", para. 30 (available at: https://www.ohchr.org/EN/HRｭ
Bodies/CRC/Pages/CRCindex.aspx) .

https://treaties. un(6~Borras/Jennifer Degeling,“ Explanatory Report of the 2007 Child Support Conｭ
vention", para. 1 f.; William Duncan ,“ Maintenance Obligations. Note on the desirability ofrevising the Hague Conventions on Maintenance Obligations and including in a new instruｭ
ment rules on judicial and administrative co-operation ”, Preliminary Document No. 2(Council 1999) , pp. 22
Hodson Obe,Family Law Practice(Bristol 2017), p.

2007

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Response to the2019 Questionnaire: Germany, p. 3 .
fl090f6684.pdf).
Bonomi,“ Explanatory Report of the 2007 Maintenancesupra note 63, para.

Alegria

Borras/Degeling, supra note 63, para.

supra note 63, para.

supra note 63,

supra note 63, para.

31.12.1972, L 299/32)

16.1.2001, L 12/1)

10.1.2009, L7/1)
25.11.1988, L 319/9)
L 339/3)
02)

supra note 63, para.
(74)

Bonomi, supra note 64, para.
Bonomi, supra note 64, para.

69
Bonomi,71 ff.

note 64,supra note 64, para.
Bonomi, supra note 64, para. I

compenｭ

Dominique Fenouiller/Pasｭ

(79)(ed.), La contractua/isation de la Jami/le (Paris 200 I), pp. I ff.;

cal deStatus to Contract? Die Bedeutung desSibylle Hofer/Dieter Henrich/Dieter Schwab

Fami/ienrecht (Biele d dContractua/isation ofFamily Law. Globalpp.

(C h a mSwennen (ed.),PPｷU.S. Department of Health and H u m a n Services, Office of Child Support Enforcement.
H C C H Country Profile U.S.:“ The U.S. CencraJ
child supportO C S E ) has designatedthe public bodies with authority to initiate such proceedings.”

mofa.go.jp/mofaj/files/ I00012143.

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Reunite Incernacional (http://www.reunite.org/).
bei internacionalen Kindschaftskonflikren (http://www.mikk‑ev.de/).

Freeman, Parental Child Abduction: The Long‑Term Effects (2014), pp.
able ar: