The Intelligent and Connected EnterpriseMark J. Barrenechea
OpenText CEO

Barrenechea, Mark J.

THE INTELLIGENT AND CONNECTED ENTERPRISE
First Printing, January 2019
Printed in CanadaFirst Edition
ISBN
978-0-9936047-9-9
Published byOpen Text Corporation
275 Frank Tompa Drive
Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
N2L 0A1(519) 888-7111
info@opentext.com
www.opentext.com

Certain statements in this book may contain words considered forward-looking
statements or information under applicable securities laws. These statements are basedon OpenText’s current expectations, estimates, forecasts and projections about theoperating environment, economies and markets in which the company operates. Thesestatements are subject to important assumptions, risks and uncertainties that are difficult
to predict, and the actual outcome may be materially different. OpenText’s assumptions,although considered reasonable by the company on the date of publishing, may prove
to be inaccurate and consequently its actual results could differ materially from theexpectations set out herein. For additional information with respect to risks and otherfactors which could occur, see OpenText’s Annual Report on Form 10-K, Quarterly
Reports on Form 10-Q and other securities filings with the SEC and other securities
regulators. Unless otherwise required by applicable securities laws, OpenText disclaims
any intention or obligations to update or revise any forward-looking statements, whether
as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.
Copyright © 2019 Open Text. All Rights Reserved. Trademarks owned by Open Text.

Mark J. Barrenechea

Mark J. Barrenechea joined OpenText as President and Chief Executive Officer
in January 2012, and also serves as a member of the Board. In January 2016,Mark took on the role of Chief Technology Officer.
Mark oversees the strategic direction of the organization. Under his direction,
the Company has grown both organically and through strategic acquisitions, into
a $2.8 billion technology company and has successfully transformed into an
Enterprise Information Management leader.
Mark has received many accolades recognizing his leadership and innovation
over the years including the 2011 Best Large Company CEO from the San
Francisco Business Times and the 2015 Results-Oriented CEO of the year by
the CEO World Awards.
In addition, Mark has authored a number of books, including Digital
Manufacturing, The Golden Age of Innovation, On Digital, Digital Financial
Services, Digital: Disrupt or Die, eGovernment or Out of Government,
Enterprise Information Management: The Next Generation of Enterprise
Software, Software Rules and e-Business or out of Business.

CONTENTS

1.

The I nt el l i gent a nd Con nec t e d Ent er pr i se. . . . . . . . . . . . . .1

2.

A n I n for mat ion - I n f use d Fut u re. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7

3.

A ma z i n g Th i n g s are Happen i n g. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11

4.

So are Bad a nd St r a n ger Th i n g s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17

5.

I n for mat ion i s at t he Hear t of you r Busi ness . . . . . . . . . 23

6.

Secu r it y i s Job 1 : Mach i nes v s . Mach i nes . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29

7.

We A l l Have a n Endpoi nt Respon si bi l it y. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35

8.

O pen Tex t EIM – t he Plat for m for I n novat ion . . . . . . . . .41

9.

The O pen Tex t Ent er pr i se C loud . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .47

10. A I – Fou r Key I n g red ient s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . 5 3
11. New Way s t o Work . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . 57
12 . I n for mat ion i s for t he G ood . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6 3
13. W hy I A m an O pt i m i st . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6 9

#1
The Intelligent and Connected EnterpriseTechnology is pushing human limits. There are
more machines than humans on the planet. Over
half of the jobs we do will be automated, andevery company will become a software company.
The challenge will be to master the fine art ofblending human intelligence with machine-enabled
insights. For the Intelligent and ConnectedEnterprise, this is not science fiction, but theopportunity to reimagine business.

It is a new world. The Latin term for this is Mundus Novus.
In this Mundus Novus, industries are facing a series ofchallenging macro-trends. The demands of a Millennial
workforce, the relentless threat of cyberattack, new ways to work,and complex regulatory environments are changing the ways thatbusinesses operate. Industry 4.0 has introduced new businessmodels, created cyber-currencies, and impacted the nature ofconflict, society and security.
In fact, Augmented Intelligence is automating decisions andtransforming our relationship with technology. The outcomeof humans plus machines will be increased opportunities
to change the world for good — something I like to callAugmented Humanity.
For organizations in all industries, technological changes are
unstoppable. Digital makes running a global business very
complex as the enterprise is dealing with facets that were noteven in existence a decade ago. Achieving strategic priorities like
reducing costs and increasing revenue are further complicated by
the rise of a new workforce, the space-time-speed compression,technologies such as the cloud, the Internet of Things (IoT),
mobility, artificial intelligence (AI), robotics, and issues aroundsecurity and privacy.
The scale of technological change is larger than it has ever been.
Consider the scale of a trillion devices generating a petabyte
a second, or 40,000 robots constantly communicating on thefactory floor.

2

nit
og
C

tion
toma
Au

ul a
Calc tionive

AI

DigitalCloud
Internet
Mainframes

Monolithic

Client Server

Client Server

Web Services

Microservices

Figure 1: The Nature of Computing Has Changed

Eventually, there will be more machines than humans on thisplanet. While machines are built (and even self-replicate) toreplace human functions, they will also make us smarter orforce us to be more creative. Over the next few decades, there
will be endless combinations of applications for both humans
and machines.
We are no longer operating in the client-server era, or even
the Internet era. We have moved into the cloud and cognitiveeras. Digital technology is impacting every departmentin the enterprise, enabling the zero-length supply chain,cybercurrencies and new payment systems, cross-industry
partnerships and emerging ecosystems, the subscription economy
and much more.
At the same time, our capacity to generate and collectinformation is greater than at any time in human history.
Deriving meaningful insight from this information is the next
major transformative activity for businesses that will present new
possibilities for growth and revenue.

3

To succeed, organizations must use new technologies to
unlock the power of information, become more intelligent andconnected, and drive engagement with customers, partners
and employees.
Software will enable digital transformation and the rise of theIntelligent and Connected Enterprise.
The Intelligent and Connected Enterprise will leverage agile
development to build apps in the cloud, automate processes
and menial tasks to optimize efficiency, and explore data lakes
for sophisticated insights and better decision making. Together,
the cloud and edge computing will offer the benefits of agility
and savings, while providing the infrastructure the enterpriseneeds to become part of the ever-expanding IoT universe. Everycompany will transform into a software company.
EIM Suite

Customer Experience

Content Services

Employee Engagement

Supplier Efficiency

Security
EIM
applications

Intelligent
information core
Automation & AI,
APIs & data
management

EIM
platforms

Asset Utilization

Product Innovations

Business Network

IoT, Data IntegrationOp

e n Te xt Clo u dSDK, Developer

Figure 2: The Intelligent Information CoreEnterprise Information Management (EIM) is the software
for the new world. It enables the Intelligent and ConnectedEnterprise with machines (automation), artificial intelligence(AI), Application Programming Interfaces (APIs) and data
management combined into an intelligent information core.
4

These capabilities bring together information from both humans
and machines, where it can be securely managed, stored,
accessed and mined with analytics for actionable insights.
EIM follows the big data that is all of an organization’sIntellectual Property (IP). It manages the unstructured content,
from customer case files to employee records to data fromtransactions along the supply chain. EIM can also be used
to manage information from assets such as planes, trains,
automobiles, nuclear power plants, oil rigs, as well as fromindustry accelerators like IT and innovation platforms.
In the Intelligent and Connected Enterprise, EIM combines
digital applications with an information platform, bringing
together Content Services, Security, the Business Network,
the IoT, and the Developer for optimized customer
experience, employee engagement, asset utilization and supply
chain efficiency.
Furthermore, EIM drives intelligent automation. Tens of
thousands of processes running at any given time can be
examined to find projects that are stalled, avoid costly
bottlenecks, elevate priority processes or identify processes thatare good candidates for automation.
Along with automation, the Intelligent and Connected Enterpriseuses a cloud-based IoT platform to dynamically integrate supply
chain communities and build solutions for greater efficiency,
agility and new value-added services. Robust content services
mean that information from any machine is supported, whether
it is a smart machine, industrial machinery, or an automotive or
medical device.

5

Connections are supported at a planetary scale. Ten million
trading partners do business with one trillion machines using
an intelligence that moves beyond automation to insight forincredible benefits across the business network.
And the edges are intelligent as well. With millions of endpoints,
the perimeter of the Intelligent and Connected Enterprise is vast.
Its endpoints are smart. They have logic and support transactions
and interactions that number in the billions.
EIM delivers and enables the Intelligent and ConnectedEnterprise. Only EIM can help organizations in every industry
collaborate with confidence, validate endpoints with machines
and the IoT, stay ahead of the regulatory technology curve,
identify threats that cross their networks, leverage discovery withinformation forensics and gain insight and action through AI
and automation.

6

#2
An Information-Infused Future
Computing has changed, and we must think
differently about how we write and deliver
software. This is based on pertinent, evolving
dynamics in the world, including four billion
connected humans, a new Gen Y/Z workforce,
25 million developers and one trillion machines.
When these forces combine, the amount of data
produced will number in the yottabytes. How will
the Intelligent and Connected Enterprise navigate,nurture and protect this information?

Humans are more connected to technology than ever before.
Twenty-five million developers are fueling the digital economy
around the globe, designing software solutions and apps withemerging technologies. Over the next ten years, there will
be four billion connected users on one high-speed, highly
reliable network: The Internet. One trillion machines will also
connect using this network: everything from our personal
devices (wearable, implanted or otherwise) to health equipment,
automobiles, thermostats, appliances and more. Humans willconnect to each other, machines and business networks in a
global ecosystem.
Another dynamic that is fueling the technological boom is ourglobal and fluid workforce. Millennials (Generations Y and Z) areentering the workforce and phasing out Baby Boomers. They are
the new guard. They have grown up using computers and mobile
devices, and they are changing the way technology is being
designed, accessed and purchased.
And finally, computing has evolved to become “wicked smart.” I
call it the “Internet of Me.” We have all experienced how tailoredand personalized our online interactions have become, whether
in a business or consumer context. There is an algorithm foralmost everything and each interaction is becoming smarter andlearning, behind the scenes, as more data is collected.
4 Billion Connected
Humans3.5B
3,500

Internet Users

3B
3,000

65% Gen Z/YWorkforce
9%

31%

2,000
2B

Gen X

1,000
1B

25%

500
0.5B

19931996
1999 2002 2005 2008 2011 2014
1993
1998
2003 2008 2013 20182000

Industrial

Worldwide Developer Population
to Top 25 Million by 202034%

Towns & Cities

27%

Vehicles8%

People

31%

1,500
1.5B

25 Million
Developers

Commerce

Gen Y

2,500
2.5B

00

Gen Z

34%

1 Trillion
Machines

Baby Boomers

Homes

2020

Figure 3: Trends Creating an Information-Infused Future8

Algorithms run our lives. They are not new, but our reliance onthem is unprecedented. It is driven by the need to understandand process the huge amounts of data we’re generating. Most of
us are not even aware of algorithms when we use them. Almost
magically, they make things happen.
Basically, whenever you use computers, you are relying
on algorithms.
Every time, you complete a web search, algorithms are working
behind the scenes to determine your results in a fraction of
a second. Algorithms power sites like TripAdvisor to find you
the best ticket price or vacation packages available. Whenyou purchase a book on Amazon, algorithms make additional
recommendations or tell you what your colleagues are reading.
Netflix knows exactly what the next show you want to watch
will be.
Based on predicative software and the ability to process
information in microseconds, algorithmic trading is driving
many investment decisions. Algorithms make sure the pilot
who flies your plane follows the best possible flight path, getting
hundreds of planes where they need to go. And they boost
security at airports, using facial recognition software.
Algorithms also simplify the complexity in our daily lives. They
make us more efficient, and in some cases, safer. And all of
this is happening without human intervention. The power ofalgorithms lies within the data and its many applications.

9Every day, our interactions, transactions and connections areproducing over 2.5 quintillion bytes of data.1 As both consumers
and professionals, we have to sift through a lot of digital “noise”
to find meaning. Technologies like AI and analytics can help us
to eliminate the noise and get to what we need.
The Intelligent and Connected Enterprise transforms its
data into valuable information using AI and analytics-basedalgorithms by leveraging EIM. With increasing volumes of
information, organizations will be required to comply withregulations to safeguard data, and particularly, personal
information. OpenText EIM enables organizations to gain insight
through market-leading information management solutions,on-premises or in the cloud. Innovative and automated tools
like Information Lifecycle Management, Records Management,eDiscovery, AI, IoT, and Collaborative platforms help theenterprise to unlock the value of its information to differentiate
itself from others and to compete with agility.
Ultimately, information is at the center of everything we do —from interactions, transactions and processes to our everyday
digital experiences. It is shaping our lives across the planet
and driving businesses, no matter what size an organization isand regardless of industry. For the Intelligent and ConnectedEnterprise, information is a strategic asset. The application oftechnology on such an asset has the capacity to enrich enterprise
information beyond our wildest dreams and amazing things will
happen. In fact, they already are.

10

#3
Amazing Things are Happening
It is an amazing time to be a Citizen of theWorld. Breakthroughs in technology are having
a profound effect on our lives. Gene editing isredefining the prevention of disease and extending
our life expectancy, quantum computing isavailable in the cloud, 3D metal printing could
replace mass production and new techniques in AI
are giving computers imagination and automating
many aspects of our lives. CAVU: Ceiling and
Visibility Unlimited.

I have been in the software industry for over 30 years and I’ve
never seen changes like the ones that are happening today. Last
year, the digital economy grew six times more than the growthof the total economy. Technology is pushing the limits on ourabilities to impact our lives (mostly) for the good. Here are just a
few examples of awe-inspiring technological advances that couldchange our lives in dramatic ways.
3D printed organs.
No human hands.

No check out lines.
No human hands.

60 robots in one factory.
No human hands.

Figure 4: Impacting our Lives in Varied and Dramatic Ways

We are experiencing a global shortage of organs available forlifesaving transplants.2 The concept of bio-printing, or theability to three-dimensionally (3D) print living tissue and organs
could save hundreds of thousands of lives every year. A startup
in the U.S. is working on a way to print 3D hearts using an
MRI scan of the patient’s heart and a blood sample. Blood cells
are converted into heart cells and fed into a 3D printer. Oncethe heart has been printed, it is placed in a bioreactor until it
begins to beat.3 The 3D printed heart mimics the structure,property, and look and feel of a “normal” heart. Liver tissue isbeing reproduced in a similar fashion. Entire human organs willsoon be available for transplant, built entirely from scratch by a
3D printer.

12

In manufacturing, 3D metal printing will change how wemanufacture goods. Print-on-demand of large parts could
become a reality, replacing mass production and reducing therequirement for factories to keep large inventories. Along withthe ability to reproduce parts for less money, 3D metal printing
also has the potential to produce more intricate, complex andhigher performing, customized parts. As 3D metal printing
becomes more common, software is already being developed togenerate 3D print-ready designs.4
Over the last year, there have been breakthroughs in CRISPR (atechnology for targeted gene editing) and CAR T-cell therapy tohelp combat diseases like Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL)and advanced lymphomas. Over the next decade, technologies
like these will help us live longer, healthier and happier lives.
Research has been driven by supercomputers, clinical trials andclinical research, and these technologies are laying a path tocure everything from influenza to cancers, including leukemia.
Any discussion around technological breakthrough must include
at least one reference to Artificial Intelligence, or AI. While it iscurrently the preoccupation of technology giants and researchfirms, advances in machine learning in the cloud will make AI
and neural networks available to a wider user base. This will
not only impact our daily lives, it will also make industries likehealthcare, manufacturing and utilities much more productive
and efficient.5

13

“Dueling neural networks” of AI are being developed with theability to spar with each other. Simplified mathematical modelsof the human brain square off in a game that gives AI the ability
to imagine and then generate images. Because it is an exampleof AI making sense of the world around it, this has been hailed
as one of the most promising advances in AI in the past decade.6
On the consumer front, Amazon announced the opening of
its first physical grocery store, Amazon Go, in January 2018.
The shopping experience is fully AI-powered and automated.
Shoppers scan their smartphone at a turnstile, cameras andsensors track the items they purchase, and they are billed after
leaving the store based on credit card information.7 No cash, nocheckout lines and no human cashiers required.
In addition to AI, the back end of technology has leapfrogged
tremendously with quantum computing. Similar to AI, quantum
computing can be accessed as a cloud service. The IBM Q
systems is available to clients who have a 20 Qubit processor.
The amount of time it takes to perform quantum computations
is 90 microseconds. A prototype 50 Qubit processor has also
been built.8 This is extreme computing, powered by the amazing
capabilities of quantum computing and the Qubit. Calculations
and applications that were beyond our reach are now closer toreality using quantum computing.
Advances in digital technology such as the ones above are
already changing the way we live and work. Inside the Intelligent
and Connected Enterprise, specific jobs will be automated for
efficiency and productivity gains. The Changying Precision
Technology Company (also known as China’s unmanned factory)in Shenzhen replaced 600 human assembly line workers with 60
14

robots. This resulted in a fivefold reduction in errors along witha 250% increase in production.9
These are all snapshots of the amazing places that technology
can take us. I, for one, am optimistic about how we can use
technology for the good (more on that later).
At the same time, however, technology can also be used to dobad (and stranger) things.

15

#4… So Are Bad and Stranger Things
Every 39 seconds a company in the U.S. is hacked
and one in three people are affected. Cyberspaceis the new battlefield. Bits, bytes and botnets are
the weapons of choice. From stolen Intellectual
Property to personal accounts being compromised
to ransomware Wannacry, all data is vulnerable.
Can our social (media) status be as easily
compromised? In the digital age, what does itmean to be a good digital citizen?

With the good, there is always the bad — and sometimes there
is strange.
Cyberattacks and information breaches are happening every day,from influencing the outcomes of elections to bringing downbusinesses to massive data breaches of personal information. In
fact, every 39 seconds a company in the U.S. is hacked and one
in three people are affected.10
There are two types of companies: those that have been hacked
and those that are about to be. Statistics show that every year
the number of breaches increases. Current corporate security
infrastructures, practices and policies are unable to keep pacewith today’s sophisticated hackers.
And the activity is only growing.

JP Morgan
Chase

Dropbox

68 million

76 million

US Office of
Personnel
Management

Heartlad Payment
Systems

22 million

2009

FedEx

145 million

Undisclosed

Equifax

Yahoo

145 million

3 Billion

134 million
2008

eBay

2010

2011

2012

110 million
Linkedin

2015

2016

Uber
Anthem69 million

165 million

Bubble size represents impact of breach2014

TargetStoresStuxnetUndisclosed

2013

Bubble size represents impact of breachFigure 5: Cyberthreats Are on the Rise11

18

2017

57 million

2018
BoeingToo soonMaersk to tell

200 million

Each year, the World Economic Forum releases its Global Risks
Report to identify and analyze the most pressing risks thatthe world faces. In the 2018 report, the experts and decision
makers surveyed were most concerned about the environmentand cyberthreats over the next decade, along with geopoliticaltensions. In short, in their view, future risk will be created byeither “Acts of God” or machines.12
Extreme weather events

Weapons of mass destruction

Natural disasters
Climate-change mitigation failure
Water crises
Cyberattacks
Ecosystem collapse
Large-scale migration
Interstate conflict
Environment disasters

Acts of God

Food crises

Infectious diseases

Fiscal crises
Failure of critical infrastructureState collapse or crisis

VS.

Machines

Terrorist attacks
Data fraud or theft

ImpactEnergy price shock

Unmanageable inflation

Deflation

Illicit trade

Likelihood

The Global Risks Landscape. WEF: 2018 Report

Economic

Environmental

GeopoliticalSocietalTechnologicalFigure 6: A Zero-Trust Environment

From stolen Intellectual Property (IP) to personal accounts being
compromised to ransomware WannaCry, businesses are operating
in a zero-trust environment.
In an example of how cyberthreat can destroy a company, atelecommunications company was breached by a nation-state
when hackers stole the company’s design documents. The
company ultimately went out of business, in part because thestolen documents were shared with a key competitor. This isan example of cyber espionage, with an attack originating fromcompetitors or nation-states trying to steal business plans, trade
secrets or IP — and it could happen to any company.
19

Malware is another example of a cyberbreach. A state-owned
oil company was attacked through a phishing email scam that
infected tens of thousands of workstations. As much as 75% of
the infrastructure in the company was affected, and it shut thecompany down for two months.13
Not only are companies in danger, people’s lives can also bethreatened. WannaCry, the biggest ransomware attack in history,
infected 300,000 computers across more than 150 countries.
WannaCry’s impact was particularly pronounced at hospitals in
the U.K., where more than 19,000 appointments were cancelled
and computers at 600 emergency departments were locked down.
It was later discovered that with basic IT security, the attack
could have been prevented.14
But not all breaches are a result of cyber espionage or hacking.
Many are inadvertent and are the result of insider privilege andmisuse. A series of cyberattacks have occurred using the SWIFT
banking networks. In just hours, unknown hackers siphoned
off $81 million in funds. They used the SWIFT credentials of
a bank to send fraudulent money transfers to be made to bankaccounts in the Philippines, Sri Lanka and other parts of Asia.
In this attack, the bad actor was an employee who knew thecodes, what files to use, and how to request the transfers.15
There are many other examples of cyberbreaches.
Technologies like AI will make cyberthreats more targeted andcreative. Take image recognition, for example, used for identity
theft. Over the past five years, AI has improved from correctly
categorizing images with 70% accuracy to 98% (near perfect
categorization), which exceeds the human benchmark of 95%.16
From the bad, there is the downright strange.
20

Our social media data determines our social status, or, at least, a
portion of it. What happens when your social data can no longer
be trusted as an accurate representation of yourself as a “goodcitizen” in society?
In Shanghai, for example, a government-backed company has
legally collected data on every citizen. Honest Shanghai, a rating
app for citizens, is one of many social credit systems run by local
governments. It is part of China’s goal to establish a nationwide
social credit system by 2020.17
Scores are very good, good or bad. Those with a very good scoreenjoy more government services or perks, like discounted flights
or lower interest rates for loans.
If you want to go to college, your application is ranked basedon your social score. If you want to travel outside of Shanghai,
whether you can get a ticket or class service is determined byyour social credit.
There are skeptics. If the government is watching everyone else,
who is watching the government?
And on an even stranger note, to illustrate how data can truly be
manipulated by technology today, researchers from the Universityof Washington have perfected a facial recognition algorithm anda mouth movement algorithm to precisely model how someone
speaks. Using this technique with a video of President Barack
Obama, they can literally put words into his mouth.18

21

In another example, Emma Gonzalez, Parkland shooting
survivor, fell victim to the same kind of media manipulation
when fake news published a tampered image of her tearing up
the U.S. Constitution on social media sites.19
Welcome to the world of digital, as we sit on the cusp of thecognitive era, where good things, bad things and stranger things
are happening.
And most of these are occurring at the intersection of technology
and data.

22

#5
Information is At the Heart ofYour Business
Even in the digital age, the world of business is
document-centric. What sets the Intelligent andConnected Enterprise apart is a ready adoption of
the tools and technologies needed to mine, modeland analyze its data. And a cultural shift thatvalues information as an asset. Together, thesefacets enable the nimble transformation of raw
data into intelligent action.

Even though digital information is evolving at a rapid pace, theworld is still document centric.
Documents, whether created by a human or generated by amachine, underpin every operation, communication exchange
and innovation in the Intelligent and Connected Enterprise.
What is changing, however, is how they are created, their levelsof complexity and their collaborative nature.
Consider all the business documents that need to be managed,
from invoices, payments, contracts, waybills, orders, etc., alongwith their differing formats: video, voice, JPGs, smartphone
images, PDFs and more. OpenText has spent 20 years
understanding all these formats and how to break them down
effectively into metadata and other components.
File
Systems

Payroll
3rd
Party

Multiple
ERP

HR
Systems

3rd
Party
SAAS

100’s
More

LegacyCustomApps
Email

Desktop

ECM

CRM

Digital Core

Figure 7: Information Across the Enterprise is Extensive

The dynamics surrounding many documents are changing,
impacted by their context, whether it is the IoT, AI, AutoCAD,
or XML. Since the world is document-centric, all the businessclasses of documents remain consistent. Even though thelifecycle of a contract or a transaction has changed considerably;
in many cases, data is captured in the form of a document.
24

The vast majority of business information relates to employees,
customers, suppliers, assets and products. But, for thisinformation to provide business value, the Intelligent andConnected Enterprise must be able to engage with it inmeaningful ways to uncover insights.
To help businesses connect with their information and unlock
its potential, regardless of whether it resides behind the firewall
or in the cloud, OpenText is continually developing informationbased enterprise applications. These include departmental
applications like accounts payable, case management andinvoice management; industry-specific applications likeclaims processing and regulated documents; as well as active
applications for supply chains.
These applications give the Intelligent and Connected Enterprisereal-time access to information that has been enrichedwith analytics and AI. With the right, intelligence-infused
information, users can make informed decisions. That same
information can also be used to identify new opportunities, suchas ways to optimize processes, improve products or services, ormonetize data.
To rise to the challenges of a digital economy, organizations must
digitize their business processes. This goes beyond converting
paper records to electronic or automating process steps. Ideally,organizations should digitize core business processes from endto-end, in their entirety.

25

The benefits of digitizing information-intensive processes are
numerous. Costs can be reduced by up to 90%.20 Errors canbe minimized. New channels and new routes to the customer
can be leveraged. Replacing manual paper-based processes
with digitized processes and documents allows businesses tocollect data to better understand process performance, costs, andrisk factors.
When processes and data are fully integrated, analytics and AI
can be applied to add value across the enterprise.
Analytics will be a mainstay in organizations of the future.
Insights based on analyzing information empower businesses
to act on this information and automate their decision-making
processes. Applying advanced analytics provides a better
understanding of transactions and interactions and can help
improve outcomes.
Investing in the necessary infrastructure will help organizations
capitalize on their information. This requires creating data
lakes rather than storing information in data warehouses. In
data warehouses, information is kept in large repository or folder
format, whereas in data lakes, information is maintained inits most raw format. This kind of information makes analysis
quicker and information more actionable as advances are madein computing, chipsets, real-time streaming and data pipelines.

26

Data lakes include information from every connected device
and all this information (both structured and unstructured) canbe remotely connected to an IoT platform. Organizations canleverage this information in different ways to help drive IoTenabled processes and greater visibility. Deciding which systems
and devices need to be connected to the IoT platform, what typeof information needs to be obtained, what transactions need tobe accessed, and what to measure will then determine the typeof analysis and reporting that is required.
It is unsustainable for an organization to retain vast amounts ofdata from every connected device over a long period of time. By
deploying edge analytics (analytics conducted at the device or
network point level) in alignment with information governancepolicies, data with long-term strategic value can be identified.
To unlock the power of its information, the Intelligent andConnected Enterprise will plug into its customers’ digital
ecosystems. It will integrate technologies that enhance
automation (like machine-to-machine communications, the IoT,
AI and analytics) with legacy IT infrastructure, standardize its
data across systems and create dynamic and flexible processes tosupport new technologies and devices.
In all its format, information beats at the heart of business.
It drives digital transformation and maximizing its value willbe the key differentiator for the Intelligent and ConnectedEnterprise. Yet, despite the benefits that access to great amountsof data offers, concerns around security are ever present. Security
must be Job 1.

27

#6
Security is Job 1: Machines vs. Machines
According to business mogul Warren Buffett,cyberattacks are the biggest threat to humankind,even more so than nuclear weapons. Digital isredefining cybercrime and cyberwarfare. It is nolonger human vs. human, or human vs. machine…
it is machine vs. machine. The right tools must be
in place to detect and protect. For the Intelligent
and Connected Enterprise, Security is Job 1.

Digital is redefining cybercrime and cyberwarfare.
Cyberattacks today are multi-stage, hard to discover and highly
targeted. Some security threats are accidental, stemming fromunauthorized employee access. As much as 38% of attacks comefrom internal breaches.21
In other instances, hackers test perimeters, phish, penetrateand lurk (sometimes with a dwell time of up to 100 days), locate
weak information policies, procedures and systems, or breachthe network laterally. Once inside, information can be leaked out
slowly or exploited en masse.
You must assume the bad actors are already inside your network.
What are these bad actors after? The most valuable enterprise
resource: information.
For the Intelligent and Connected Enterprise, information
security is Job 1.
Test
Perimeter

Penetrateand Lurk

Phish

Trading Partners
Customer Information
Employee Information
Product Design
Payments
OrdersQuotesIP
IoT Data

Figure 8: Information at Risk

30

Drip or Pour

Dark Webfor Sale

Go Sideways

Firewalls and other traditional security measures are no longer
enough to secure enterprise information. Vulnerabilities
permeate all levels of enterprise IT systems, and the Intelligent
and Connected Enterprise must be prepared to deal with bothinternal and external security threats.
Now, more than ever, organizations require the latest information
security tools to collect, analyze and remediate urgent threats.
There is an expanding window of exposure for breaches. On
average, it takes almost 200 days to detect a breach, and thena month to resolution. The security of the future will combine
knowledge (machine learning), insights (AI), and autonomic
action (autonomous clouds) to compress the time it takes todetect a breach and move beyond resolution to learning.

AttackAttackToday’s reality
is broken

Tomorrow is
machine vs.
machine

Learn
Resolution

Detection

Detection
Resolution

Figure 9: Windows of Exposure Need to Shrink

Machines are attacking humans, and we cannot fight them. We
need to use machines to fight the machines.
It is no longer human vs. human, or human vs. machine… it ismachine vs. machine. In a digital economy, organizations will
rely on machines to help manage data, intellectual property (IP)and the growing number of digital identities associated withconnected technologies. Also, organizations will use machines tobattle other machines in a cyberattack.
31

Information lies at the heart of these attacks. This includes
everything from customer information to employee information,
product designs, payments, orders, invoices, machine-to-machineor IoT data and more.
As the lifeblood of business, information needs to be protected.
Enterprise Information Management (EIM) is a digital platformthat helps to ensure the integrity, accuracy, compliance andprotection of information throughout its lifecycle — whether it isdesign documents for a fighter jet, trading partner information ina SWIFT network, payment information in a bank or employee
information in a government database.
Statistics show that data breaches will continue to accelerate. In
the first half of 2017 alone, there were nearly 2 billion records
lost or stolen in a breach.22
Content Services: Data Management, Protection, Analysis,
Remediation, Cleanup
Share & Collaborate with Confidence
Endpoint Forensics
Identity & Access Management (Data Ownership,
People, Applications, Machines)
Single Instance of Trading Partner Trust
Discovery
Auto-classification of PII, PHI, PCI

Figure 10: Total Security - The Immune System for BusinessInformation, security and compliance requirements are merging
into a single challenge that must be fought on multiple fronts.

32

Comprehensive information security is the immune system forbusiness. EIM arms the Intelligent and Connected Enterprisewith the security tools and approaches it needs to discover andrecover from information breaches.
As a critical aspect of a complete security platform, endpoint
forensics collect information, monitor behavior, send notifications
and help to automate incident response to minimize risk.
As digital extends business into a global ecosystem, the need to
manage and protect multiple systems, relationships and identities
is growing. An Identity and Access Management (IAM) platform
enables organizations to centrally manage the entire identity
lifecycle of their users, as well as their access to critical resources
across their business ecosystems.
Discovery solutions deliver the gold-standard of digital forensics
and unstructured data analytics for searching, collecting andinvestigating enterprise data to manage legal obligations and risk.
New regulations will require new ways to classify data. AutoClassification is the next-generation solution that combines
industry-leading records management with semantic capabilities
for classification of content.
As the immune system for business, EIM ensures that Security
is Job 1 for the Intelligent and Connected Enterprise. It helps
organizations all over the world to manage data, IP and the
explosion of digital identities and endpoints associated withconnected technologies.

33

#7
We All Have an Endpoint Responsibility
The IoT will push the number of endpoints
into the trillions. As the size and complexityof endpoint environments grow, how can theIntelligent and Connected Enterprise subdue
the juggernaut of cyberattack? By securing all
the endpoints – laptops, smartphones, printers,
POS terminals, medical devices, smart sensors,
etc. Information is everywhere; we all have an
endpoint responsibility to protect it.

By 2025, there will be 80 billion devices worldwide connecting
to the Internet of Things (IoT). That’s the equivalent of 152,000
devices connecting every minute.23
These connections will push the number of endpoints into
the trillions.
Our cars, homes and offices will be equipped with IoT gateways.
With all these devices (and embedded sensors) exchanging
information, the amount of digital data will balloon to
180 zettabytes.24
Information will be everywhere.
In addition to the ubiquity of information, the nature of theworkforce has also changed. Whether they are working remotelyfrom a hotel room, at a coffee shop, commuting to work,or in the office, your employees are always “on” — sharing
information, Wi-Fi jumping, toggling between apps or posting onsocial media.
Wherever your employees go, if their device has a signal or an
address, it can be found or exploited.
• A day in the life of the modern
workforce is “connected” and complex• Working, sharing, social, Wi-Fi jumping,always online
NFC• If it has a signal or an address, it canbe found and exploited• We have an endpoint responsibility:- On and off our networks- From employees to trading partners

Figure 11: Employees - Always “On,” Always Connected36

A day in the life of the modern workforce istechnologically complex.
Globalization necessitates that digital assets and resources,
once secure behind firewalls, need to be made accessible to a
distributed workforce. This information extends to an ecosystem
made up of suppliers, distributors, logistics providers and otherpartners. Information is extended across firewalls, networks
and borders.
These endpoints can expose confidential information containedin nuclear power plant designs, an employee’s personnel file or
the software program that a developer is writing to control anautonomous car.
While we will have greater capabilities to collect this data,
analyze it for insights and create a range of new services basedon it, an increase in connections means that more endpoints,
identities and data will need to be protected.
As the size and complexity of endpoint environments grow, we all
have a responsibility to protect the endpoints.
Just as every company will become a software company, every
company needs to be a security expert in the digital economy.
The enterprise has a responsibility to protect intelligent
endpoints, whether they are medical devices, engines, sensors,
laptops or mobile phones.

37

ENGINEIntelligent
Information Core
Automation & AI,
APIs & Data Mgmt

START

EIM
Platforms

EIM
Applications

EPIC
Endpoints

Figure 12: OpenText EIM Secures Epic Endpoints

The OpenText EIM platform integrates multi-level, multi-role,
multi-context security into its intelligent information core,enabling organizations in every industry to manage and protect
their epic endpoints.
Identity and Access Management (IAM) “wraps” a security layer
around connected devices, helping to ensure the appropriate
level of access to resources across virtually any combination ofinternal or external systems.
Endpoint solutions integrate into existing IT infrastructures andoperating centers to help organizations protect data, comply withregulations and perform discovery when required. Information
forensics can be completed on a laptop or a mobile device. Data
from drones or security cameras can be collected to complete
video inspections or pipeline analysis. The solution works acrossfleets as well — buses, cars, planes, or trains. Organizations in
the transport industry are connecting the flow of IoT informationfrom component parts (like brake systems) into the EIM
platform’s intelligent and connected core.

38

As part of the OpenText EIM platform, IAM protects 35
million endpoints, with support for more than 26,000 mobile
device profiles. It collects information, monitors behavior, sends
notifications, uses advanced analytics and machine learning
to detect abnormalities and feed them into our AI platform
Magellan for detection, resolution and learning.
We have moved beyond our focus on human-generated data
to incorporate machine-generated data, bringing together
structured and unstructured information.
EIM secures intelligent endpoints. It helps organizations allover the world to manage data, IP and the explosion of digital
identities associated with connected technologies.

39

#8
OpenText EIM – the Platform for Innovation
OpenText EIM fulfills on the vision of theIntelligent and Connected Enterprise. Intelligent
insights are driven by AI to enable governance anddiscovery. Connections are secured with validated
endpoints and identities, so that the enterprise
can share content and collaborate with confidence.
Agility and flexibility are achieved throughautomation and a unified application development
environment, designed for the developer – whomakes all things possible.

Today’s disruptive digital technologies are transforming both
enterprise and consumer spaces, re-shaping our expectations
about how people work, collaborate and conduct business.
Our vision is to enable the Intelligent and Connected Enterpriseand to inspire new ways to work inside the enterprise.
The latest release of OpenText Enterprise Information
Management (EIM), named Release 16 Enhancement Pack (EP)5, is the digital platform for innovation. It is also our blueprint
for the future. To date, we have been releasing enhancement
packs slated to run through to the spring of 2020.
Point Releases

OpenText Release 16 EP Series

Release 102018 - 2019 - 2020
EP1

Pre 2013

November 2013

March 2016

EP2

EP3

2016 - 2017

EP4

EP5

EP6

EP7

…

April Nov April Nov Spring2018 2018 2019 2019 2020

Figure 13: OpenText Release 16 EP5Release 16 EP5 features deeper integration, increased AI and
automation capabilities, enhanced security offerings, richer user
experiences and cloud optimization.
Innovations across our EIM platform suites — Content Services,
Artificial Intelligence, Discovery, Business Network, Experience,
Security and AppWorks — have been designed to drive insights,
user adoption and more secure connections between humans,
processes and machines.
Release 16 EP5 enables the Intelligent Enterprise.
It does so through our next-generation Content Services
platform, which connects information across and between
organizations to accelerate productivity, improve governance anddrive digital transformation. Deeper integration connects users
42

to information from multiple sources, empowering them to workin lead applications (like SAP and Salesforce) and access relevant
information when they need it.
To successfully transform their business operations, organizations
need unparalleled access to business insights. AI brings new
information onstream along with the ability to analyze it. Release
16 EP5 increases the machine-learning power of OpenText
Magellan, our analytics and AI platform.
OpenText combines leading EIM platforms with applications thatsolve business problems, infusing them with AI and analytics.
Both capabilities are expanded in Release 16 EP5 to include
predictive metrics for optimized supply chain performance;increased language and big data support; greater machinelearning power with Apache Spark™; and rich media analytics
within the OpenText Experience Suite.
Enhancements to AI also include improved predictive research
to reduce the time of discovery of information, litigation costs
and time of trial.
Discovery is a critical component of EIM. Intelligent andConnected Enterprises are managing the entire e-discovery
lifecycle with OpenText Discovery.

MachineDiscovery vs.
HumansNeedle in the
Haystack

Speed-toResolution

Figure 14: OpenText Discovery for Speed-to-Resolution
43

OpenText Discovery is the gold-standard in legal technology
designed for eDiscovery, forensic data collection, contract
analysis, and legal knowledge and process management. It helps
organizations protect data, comply with regulations, perform
discovery when required and speed time from detection toresolution and learning.
Along with discovery, OpenText Security protects the Intelligent
and Connected Enterprise’s most sensitive information. Release
16 is a multifaceted platform that offers multi-level security, on
premises or in the OpenText Enterprise Cloud. Advanced AI and
Security integration helps organizations build threat-hunting
dashboards and other visualizations to maintain a focus on
Security as Job 1.
New innovations in EP5 enable agentless, cloud-based, multidisciplined threat detection as well as the detection of internal
security breaches. A combination of EnCase EndPoint Security
and Logical Imaging delivers continuous monitoring anddetection capabilities.
Release 16 EP5 enables the Connected Enterprise.
Our latest EIM platform combines structured and unstructured
information to enable tighter connections. Humans andmachines come together on a secure system to automate
information-infused processes.
The OpenText Business Network powers the seamless, secureflow of information across an extended business ecosystemof people, systems, and things. Enterprises use it to simplify
inherent B2B complexities and gain insights to drive efficiencies
and speed time-to-revenue.
44

OpenText Business Network, Cloud 16, makes it easier thanever to connect any trading partner, regardless of their technicalcapabilities. The EP5 release features extended predictive
metrics, priority transaction processing, expanded self-service
capabilities, high volume notifications and improved usability,
as well as support for direct connect outsourcing. Upgrades
to Identity and Access Management (IAM) help to ensure theexchange of information and transactions that occur in the cloud
network are secure.
Deeper integration allows for better end user experiences. Release
16 EP5 offers a richer, end-user experience with enhanced
developer controls and self-service capabilities. Advancements
include the ability to interact with workspaces using a mobile
device, a unified dashboard to simplify content mining with
Magellan, and integration with OpenText Documentum.
OpenText Experience empowers marketing, line of business
users and developers to transform and optimize customer
experiences. Release 16 EP5 includes customer journey
mappings to orchestrate customer interactions across every
touchpoint. Along with multi-channel content publishing, thisenables the Intelligent and Connected Enterprise to digitize
the customer journey from end to end for a more consistent
brand experience.
To unlock the potential of their information, intelligent
enterprises are automating complex business processes. OpenText
AppWorks provides a single platform for process automation, casemanagement and low-code application development.

45

“Polyglot”
Way

AppWorks: Low CodeNative IDE: Standard Tools

1,000+
Customers
RESTful Services / API

500+ API’sIntelligent
Information
Core

ECM

BPM

CaptureBusiness
Network

Analytics /AI

IoT

Figure 15: OpenText EIM is the Platform for Innovation

The developer is critical to the development of secure-fromday-1 applications. Release 16 expands its low-code development
capabilities with additional out-of-the-box integrations designed
for the developer. Greater functionality and efficiency is promoted
through the “polyglot way” – the ability to write code inmultiple languages.
It is a hybrid world. Release 16 and the EP series together, alongwith the OpenText enterprise cloud strategy, delivers the mostcomprehensive EIM suite on the market.
Running on premise, in the OpenText Cloud or in the public
cloud, OpenText Release 16 EP5 is the platform for innovation,bringing to life thousands of content applications – across allindustries – to transform organizations into Intelligent andConnected Enterprises.

46

#9
The OpenText Enterprise Cloud
It is a hybrid world. Businesses should be able tochoose where they want to run their informationbased applications: off-cloud, in the private cloud,in public clouds, as managed services or Softwareas-a-Service (SaaS). As aviators say, Ceiling and
Visibility Unlimited (CAVU) and this is what our
hybrid, hyper-scale cloud infrastructure offers theIntelligent and Connected Enterprise – increased
visibility and unlimited potential and options toperform, innovate and succeed.

Everything is more efficient in the cloud. It keeps overheadlean and storage requirements even leaner. It has given us thefoundation for new business models and whole economies (likethe subscription economy).
The cloud offers the benefits of flexibility and savings, whileproviding the infrastructure required to support transformation,
along with emerging technologies like mobile devices andthe IoT.
To optimize performance, the Intelligent and ConnectedEnterprise needs flexible options for public, private, or hybrid
cloud deployments. With our latest developments in theenterprise cloud, we are re-defining the future of EIM andcompleting the need for our customers by simplifying theiraccess to business-critical information in the most convenient,secure and agile methods available.
The OpenText Cloud is an integrated platform that spans offcloud, business networks, private and public clouds to provide
unprecedented customer transformation capabilities for the
Fourth Industrial Revolution.
Off-CloudBusiness Network

Subscription

Subscription

orPerpetual License
Optimize Assist

VAN
ODM
B2B

Private Cloud

Subscription

Subscription

Perpetual License

SaaS Applications

or

A2A
IoT
IAM

EIM-as-a-Service

Anywhere!

The Developer

Managed Services

Managed Services

Managed Services

Services

Customer Platformof Choice

OpenText Cloud
Platform (OCP)

OpenText Cloudor Public Cloudor

OpenText Cloud
Platform (OCP)

Figure 16: The OpenText Cloud – An Integrated Platform48

Keeping up with the evolution of technology, plus the skills
required to manage it, can drive up cost and uncertainty. A
managed service procured via subscription and delivered byexperts reduces the burden on IT staff, so that they can focus on
more strategic initiatives.
Supported by a global, scalable, and secure infrastructure, the
OpenText Cloud includes a foundational platform of technology
services and packaged business applications for industry andbusiness processes, with comprehensive OpenText Managed
Services at its core.
Approximately 2,000 organizations are using our managed
services to secure their information. With one contract and one
SLA, they will never have to upgrade again. Business continuity
is guaranteed, along with faster implementation and rollout,
while overall risk and cost of ownership is reduced.
A key benefit of outsourcing is scale. OpenText Anywhere
delivers hyper-scale hosting functionality, giving our customers
the flexibility to manage their information securely at planetaryscale. This “run anywhere” approach enables businesses to run
their workloads in any cloud, whether it’s the OpenText Cloud,Google Cloud, Amazon Web Services or Microsoft Azure. Our
partnership with Google Cloud demonstrates our commitment tooffering our EIM solutions on public cloud infrastructures.
The cloud has introduced new complexities in technology
investment. Inside the Intelligent and Connected Enterprise,lines of business are empowered to buy their own solutions whiledevelopers build their own inhouse applications and the IT
department is under pressure to simplify and standardize.

49

There are many opportunities to extend processes and workflows
to employees, customers and partners using cloud services. While
we have been developing applications in the cloud to deliver onthese use cases, we are also making more applications available
with our next-generation, hybrid platform, OpenText OT2.

EIM Services

SaaS Applications

Developer Platform

The best of both worlds - EIM
microservices that have:• Flexible microservices• Comprehensive set of services thatcover content, security, IoT, identity,
media and much, much more

Hybrid Cloud applications thatembrace and extend your investment:• Built to address specific use cases• Delight users with intuitive, mobile
applications

Create applications in minutes or days:• Leverage a set of microservices
with low and high code options• Modern developer platform tocreate hybrid cloud applications

Made for IT

Demanded by the LOB

Empowering the Developer

Figure 17: OpenText OT2 – The Next-Generation Hybrid Cloud Platform

Built from the ground up on a microservices architecture, OT2
simplifies an organization’s technology investment decision bydelivering compelling applications for business users, a modern
developer platform, and hybrid EIM services — all on a single
Software-as-a-Service (SaaS) platform.
Made for IT, OT2 delivers a set of services that cover content,
security, IoT, identity and media. A modern developer platform
allows our customers to create hybrid cloud applications inminutes or days, using a set of microservices with low and highcode options. Both on-premise and cloud applications work
together seamlessly on a common framework.
OT2 opens our cloud infrastructure to our customers andpartner ecosystem, enabling them to rapidly develop and deploy
powerful business applications in the OpenText Cloud to drive
digital transformation further into their operations.

50

Developing applications on OT2 (such as OpenText Legal
Center and OpenText Quality Center) extends the value of ourcustomers’ investment in key OpenText platforms. This approachgives our customers a graceful path to the cloud.
OpenText is helping the world’s largest businesses reinvent
themselves with powerful business information applications on
any cloud infrastructure for optimized customer experience,
operational excellence and transformational business models.
Like cloud computing, AI gives organizations the ability
to innovate and compete with agility in an informationinfused future.
As the next frontier in the evolution of the Intelligent andConnected Enterprise, the impact of AI on business will
be significant.

51

#10
AI – Four Key Ingredients
I like to say that autonomy is the mother of AI.
There are four essential AI ingredients that every
enterprise needs. Here is the recipe for AI success:Combine digital maturity with data ecosystems,
add a good quantity of tools and techniques, andinfuse with a rich array of use case scenarios. Mix
well (by mainstreaming your machines and data).
Now you are ready to build out key algorithms foryour business.

Artificial intelligence is the great hope of software today: it can
do everything.
At OpenText, we have developed a low cost, easy to use AI tool
called OpenText Magellan. We want to make its application
practical, so that it adds value instantly.
There are four key ingredients required for AI to add realbusiness value: digital maturity, data ecosystems, tools andtechniques and use case scenarios.

DigitalMaturity

Data
Ecosystems

Tools,
Techniques

Use Cases,
Sources of Value

Figure 18: AI – Four Key Ingredients

The first ingredient is digital maturity, and this is wholly
dependent on having mature processes. If the process is mature,chances are good that the data will be good. Quality data will
provide better outcomes for AI. With mature processes in place,
you can develop a business case for your AI application. The
business case should be based on existing processes, industry
best-practices and the positive impact or valued outcome.

54

With digital maturity in place, the next key requirement isdata ecosystems. To help our customers develop compelling AI
algorithms, we have standardized our AI platform, OpenText
Magellan, on Apache Spark so that it can “talk” to smart meters,other devices, applications like Google® Maps or platforms like
EIM and Twitter.
Magellan transforms enterprise information into active data byenabling machine-assisted decision making, automation andbusiness optimization. It brings information to life to empower
the Intelligent and Connected Enterprise. Data can be collected,
fed into other applications, algorithms applied, informationexchanged through deep learning and insights discovered to
improve decision-making.
It supports innumerable use cases on a cohesive infrastructurethat is equipped for handling massive amounts of structured andunstructured data. It integrates voice, video, text and natural
language processing, and it supports multiple data formats.
With Magellan, our customers own the data and the associated
IP. We are currently having hundreds of conversations with ourcustomers at varying stages of adoption of Magellan, from RFP
to use case analysis to proof of concept and deployment.
Customers are applying Magellan in inspiring ways to change thenature of work. In asset-intensive industries, our customers areusing it for predictive maintenance and resource scheduling. HR
departments are using it for hiring analysis to fill roles with thebest candidates. Algorithms are being applied to help find ways
to retain top talent based on measuring potential.

55

We have a public-sector customer with 100,000 employees, andthey get fined if they fail to respond to an employee case in anallotted period of time. In fact, in the past, they have been fined$15M a year. They are using Magellan to prioritize employee
cases. Their goal is to avoid these charges by applying analgorithm based on employee complaints to a content system thatis integrated with Magellan.
Another example is a global wine company with 6,000 employees
and $2B in revenue. They have standardized on Magellan toanalyze their brand. Because of multi-tier distribution, thecompany often loses sight of the customer or where their productends up. They may get some feedback from their website but
ultimately, they lose control. As a result, the company cannot
complete sales forecasting because they are unable to determine
where customer demand comes from. The company is using
Magellan to better understand the customer experience all theway along their distribution chain. Based on this, they cancomplete more accurate sales forecasting which will result inbetter Manufacturing Resource Planning (MRP).
The outcomes of AI platforms like Magellan will be significant.
Better efficiencies and performances. Hundreds of thousands ofdollars in cost savings. More innovative products and services.
Smart homes, factories and cities. Improved health. Lives saved.
A higher quality of living. Based on these, I encourage every
company to place a no-regrets bet on AI and start today on thejourney to becoming an Intelligent and Connected Enterprise.
The outcomes of AI are also creating new ways to work.

56

#11
New Ways to Work
The average Gen Z’er has the attention span of
about eight seconds. I’ll let that sink in (for a few
more seconds). As the Digital Elite, Generation
Z is causing a seismic shift in the workplacethrough new technologies, values, work ethics
and expectations. They are creating new ways towork and these will call for entirely new skillsets,
approaches and management styles.

Say goodbye to the 9-to-5 workday.
In the Gig Economy, every company will be a software company.
Every employee will work as a data scientist. Work will beless permanent and more flexible. Co-bots (AI-driven robots)
will infiltrate the workforce. The Intelligent and ConnectedEnterprise will draw on niche experiences, broad-basedknowledge and content curation in the human cloud.
The employment landscape is in flux, impacted by forces that aretransforming the workplace and introducing new ways to work.
The most powerful of these forces? Shifting demographics in theworkplace, digital technology and globalization.
Shifting Demographics
in the Workplace

Digital Technology

Globalization

Figure 19: Forces Are Transforming the Employment Landscape

For the first time in history, there are five demographics inthe workforce: Traditionalists, Baby Boomers, Gen X, Gen Y
and Gen Z. We are at a tipping point where in the next three
to five years, the workforce will be predominantly made up ofMillennials (Gen Y and Gen Z).
Millennials are reshaping the workplace. They have expectations
and entitlements that are radically different to their predecessors.
They march to the beat of a different drum, and the enterprisewill have to embrace their work habits.

58

Together, these demographics form the “digital elite.”
Gen Z’ers multitask across at least five screens a day and spend
41% of their free time on computers or mobile devices.25
They expect to use the same tools in the office that they use in
their leisure time, like social media, mobile connectivity, gesturebased interfaces and wearable devices.
Mobility and flexibility guide this workforce. Self-reliance andpersonal freedom are non-negotiable. Gen Z’ers are attracted toorganizations that are entrepreneurial in nature or function likea startup with more freedom and much less control.
Organizations will need to support diversity and equality
to stimulate productivity as well as a highly evolving andinclusive workforce.
The new infrastructure will be fluid, dynamic, global
and diverse.
In the workplace, hierarchies will flatten, organizational
structures will decentralize, and the work environment will becollaborative and highly social.
Employees will expect easy and open access to information,knowledge and expertise. Large volumes of data will lead togreater insights. Information will drive intelligent action in
the enterprise.
As mobile “eats the world,” offices and physical workplaces will
disappear. Many employees will work remotely.

59

HR practices will also transform to support recruitment andretention of top talent in this new workplace model. The entire
hiring process will become digitized from end to end. Video
resumes will feature prominently while interviews, onboarding
and training will occur via video conferencing.
Managing the Millennial workforce, the new skillsets theybring, and new job functions will also require new leadership
qualities with flexible approaches and attitudes. Gen Z values
transparency with clear expectations on performance, strategy
and accountability. They want to be set up for success, notfailure and will respect strong leaders who mentor, coach anddirect them successfully, each step of the way.
Truth and integrity are important characteristics that both
Gen Y and Gen Z hold in high esteem. They prefer honesty
and tact over marketing spin and corporate speak and respect
upfront feedback.
Digital technologies will support new ways to work.
Over the next few years, open communication platforms,
collaborative technologies, video conferencing, sophisticatedmachine-language translation technologies, virtual andaugmented reality (VR/AR) and holographic technology will fuela global workplace.
The pace of work will be faster (powered by extreme
connectivity, extreme automation and extreme computing power).
As workloads and data moves to the cloud, people will follow.

60

In what has been referred to as the “human cloud” — sites
like Amazon’s Mechanical Turk are matching freelancers with
employees to complete projects and tasks. The demand for thesekinds of workers is growing. McKinsey estimates that by 2025,
there will be 540 million workers in the human cloud.26
As access to technology becomes increasingly subscription-based,
so will access to talent.
Inside the enterprise, crowdsourcing will deliver competitive
advantage like faster time-to-market and lower development
costs. On-demand, high value connections with consumers will
help organizations produce better products and services.
The Intelligent and Connected Enterprise will rely on data, AI
and analytics. Many routine, repetitive and even white-collar
administrative tasks will be replaced by computers and robots.
Co-bots will work alongside humans, allowing people to programmachines to do the tasks they do not want to do.
People will engage with each other and machines to innovate inways not previously possible or even imaginable.
Integration of technology will give rise to jobs such as humanand technology integration specialists, super-specialized datainterpreters (like an interpreter for CRISPR), augmented reality
architects, 3D printing engineers, nano-medics, organ agents,
wind turbine techs, autonomous transportation mechanics andspecialists, and drone dispatchers or operators.
As the population ages, the demand for healthcare workers(healthcare, personal care and social assistance), will
also increase.

61

No matter what their occupation is, chances are good that future
generations will work longer hours.
With growing life expectancy, we may even see the end of
retirement. For those who cannot work past a certain age, this
could lead to a loss of economic security.
As our work personas move out of the private sphere and into
the public, our personal data will become more exposed. In the
future, we could be more closely monitored in the workplace andrated using advanced technologies like wearables and AI.
The Intelligent and Connected Enterprise will need toembrace the forces transforming the workplace and create
an infrastructure that supports connectivity, collaborationand compliance. There will be a critical requirement fororganizations and governments to protect our personal data anduse information for the good.

62

#12
Information is for the GoodI would like to change the narrative that
information is bad. It is not inherently bad. In
fact, it has the power to change the way we think,
work, give back and live. Inspiring applications
are being developed to address some of the mostimportant global social and economic issues, suchas disease, starvation, refugee displacement andpoverty. It is time to focus on using information
for the good.

Information is for the Good.
Information is to a business or to an individual as blood is tothe body. Its foundation: Trust. Banish information, or the trust
to protect it, and the world falls apart: All commerce wouldcease; bank accounts would have balances of zero; planes would
fall out of the sky; cars would halt in their tracks; power andwater would stop flowing. Information, business and life are
inseparable and as indispensable as water, air and electricity.
More profoundly, information and systems are so advanced that
we can begin to see our human and cognitive form in our own
digital data trails. Every day we are building, brick by brick andbit by bit, a digital copy of ourselves, whether we are aware ofit or not. This topic is personal, and now, inalienable from thehuman condition.
Data breaches, thefts and manipulations are headline news
today and will not be going away anytime soon. Also, the natureof the information has changed, moving well beyond what you
could find in the phone book of a decade ago. In this digitalera, your modern (phone-book like) information now includes
your behaviors (friends list, what you read, pictures, what you
buy, etc.).
What is the real difference between a bad actor stealing 135
million people’s data from a credit aggregator or when a social
media company sells 85 million personal accounts to a politicalconsulting firm? The actors are different, but the consumer
impact is the same. Trust is broken, and your information is used
for the bad.

64

OpenText would like to offer a radical idea: that “Information
is for the Good.” And that it needs to transcend people,
organizations, companies and nation states — to improvebusinesses and the world. This is not marketing; it is a new way
of working and a new way of thinking. It starts with the premisethat you own your information and it is not for sale. OpenText
will never sell your information; we value your trust. And we
advocate that information is for the good. Our opinion has been
forged through 25 years of experience and over one Exabyte of
information under our management.
“Information is for the Good” can be present in many forms.
First, we can utilize data and insights to unlock the potential ofpeople. We can also use information to produce a more educatedworld by increasing college or trade degrees. On the world stage,
information can be used to eliminate extreme poverty anderadicate diseases.
“Information is for the Good” begins with big ideas for change.
Consider the following:
In “Launching the Data-Driven Justice Initiative,” 67 city,
county and state governments are committed to disrupting thecycle of incarceration. They are using data-driven strategies todivert low-level offenders with mental illness out of the criminal
justice system and change approaches to pre-trial incarceration,
so that low-risk offenders no longer stay in jail simply because
they can’t afford a bond.27
The report “Social Media and Forced Displacement: Big Data
Analytics & Machine-Learning” summarizes the findings
and lessons learned on the viability and value of social media
analytics to complement understandings of the Europe
Refugee Emergency.28
65

1 in every 113 people on earth is an asylum-seeker,
internally displaced or a refugee

Figure 20: UNHCR - Using Big Data to Understand Forced Displacement

The project, conducted by UNHCR’s Innovation Service and UN
Global Pulse, focuses on how content from social media could
be parsed to better understand what people think and how they
feel about things affecting their lives, including the displacement
and movement of large volumes of people. This content can beused by researchers to inform topics of interest and by decision
makers as evidence on which to inform programmatic responses
and alterations.
Sergey Brin, co-founder of Google, carries a LRRK2 mutation(variants of this gene are associated with an increased risk of
Parkinson’s and Crohn’s diseases). While he has made significant
donations to research into combating Parkinson’s disease,perhaps his most compelling contribution has been throughdata. While discovery in causes and cures of Parkinson’s relieson the classic method of the scientific research, Brin has taken adifferent approach using massive data sets and analytics.29 Brin
is using data and algorithms to bypass the scientific method andfind patterns in informaton that could lead to a potential curefor Parkinson’s disease — and this approach could be applied tofinding cures for other diseases.
66

Using information for good is also present in building the world’s
best businesses and can be leveraged to help companies develop
talent, build great products, as well as improve quality, safety andefficiencies for their customers.
Our customer deployments of EIM are advancing this concept
every day.
A not-for-profit organization and advocate for the ocean isusing an EIM digital asset management system to manage all
information associated with the yearly International Coastal
Cleanup. The repository provides secure storage of all imagesof marine debris — an index that ultimately becomes a reportshared with the public, industry and government officials to help
advance awareness and protect marine life.
A leading international humanitarian organization is connecting
an employee base of 10,000+ across 90 countries to enable
its rapid response team to share information on the ground in
the first 24 hours of a crisis. Critical information is fed backinto the organization in real time, enabling them to develop
collaborative solutions efficiently and refocus on better serving
their key beneficiaries.
The world’s top manufacturer of braking systems for rail andcommercial vehicles, such as freight trucks and metro lines,
is using big data analytics to help ensure safety for millions of
trains and vehicles across the globe. Wireless sensors on trainsare connected to a back-office, cloud-based network using
an IoT model. The platform transmits detailed information
and reporting that can help predict repair and replacement
needs, aiding in fleet management and ultimately, reducing the
likelihood of component failures and accidents.
67

I can say with confidence, whether it be governments,
individuals, or businesses, when they entrust you with theirinformation — their lifeblood — it is critical to defend and protectthat which is entrusted. This trust transcends your product orservice. It is at the heart of your culture, ethics and purpose.
It is time to advance the narrative, as we are championing trust
as the foundation of information. It is an inalienable right and“Information is for the Good.”
It is use-case examples like the ones mentioned in this chapterthat make me optimistic for the future.

68

#13
Why I Am an Optimist
Our common purpose is humanity. Together, we
can achieve great things. We are already making
great strides in creating a safer and healthierplanet. Children are living longer and healthierlives, and more women and children are going toschool. Education and literacy rates are risingwhile extreme poverty is declining. There iscause for optimism rooted in these positive global
trends. And the tremendous promise of technology
to transform our world, using information for
the good.

We are just at the beginning of the Fourth Industrial Revolution.
Few things have the power to transform our world as rapidly andradically as digital technology.
This makes me an optimist.
One of the world’s most important achievements to date is thedecline in child mortality.
Child Mortality
20
18
16
Percentage

14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0

1960

1980

2000

2015

Figure 21: Decline in Child Mortality

In just over 50 years, the rate has decreased from 18% to 4%,
despite the population growth in developing regions. Since 1990,
the number of children who die each year has been cut in half
and is still declining.30
The United Nation’s (UN) launch of the 17 Sustainable
Development Goals (SDGs) have been critical in putting
effective strategies, resources and policies in place to combat thecauses of child mortality. These development goals were madepossible through the efforts of Child Hunger and Undernutrition(REACH), World Health Organization (WHO), World Food
Programme (WFP) and UNICEF, under the directive of UN’s
Millennium Development Goals.31
70

The eradication of diseases like measles, smallpox and polio
through vaccinations has been credited for rapidly reducing
deaths. The measles vaccination helped prevent over 15 million
deaths between 2000 and 2013, inciting a 67 percent decline in
the reported cases of measles globally.32
Along with the decline in child mortality, we are living longer
lives. This is another reason to be optimistic.
Life Expectancy
75
70
65
60
55
50

1960

1980

2000

2015

Figure 22: Increase in Life Expectancy

Our life expectancy has been on an upward trend. Better living
conditions caused the average lifespan to cross the 70-year markin the 21st century. Over the last 55 years, global life expectancy
has risen by almost 20 years.33
While the average North American might expect to live to be
80, many of our children will live to see 100. Advanced medical
technologies are helping us live longer without experiencing
prolonged physical and mental decline. We are not justincreasing lifespans; we are increasing “health spans” as well.

71

Economic growth has transformed our world, with poverty
falling consistently over the last two centuries. It is amazing tothink that, at a time when the population has grown sevenfold,
we are lifting more and more people out of poverty.
Over one billion people have moved out of extreme poverty since1990.34 This trend of decreasing poverty — both in absolute
numbers and as a share of the world population — has been a
constant during the last three decades.
A sevenfold increase in the world population would be enough topotentially drive almost everyone into extreme poverty. Imagine
how many people would live in extreme poverty today without
economic growth.
Fewer countries than ever are in the world’s lowest income
bracket. Since 1981, the proportion of people living under thepoverty line (on $1.25 a day) has decreased by 65%.35 That
equates to over 700 million fewer people living in poverty in2010 than in 1981.
Poverty
100

Poverty($2/day)

90
80
Percentage

70
60
50

Extreme
Poverty($1/day)

40
30
20
10
0
1820

1890

1929

1970

1992

Figure 23: Percent of Global Population Living on Less Than $1.25 a Day

72

Over the past two decades, more than two dozen low-income
countries moved to middle-income status. This was achieved,in part, by investing in sectors such as infrastructure, educationand health.36
Poor people in low-income countries suffer from high rates
of infectious diseases and malnutrition. These conditions arebrought on by limited access to food, clean water, sanitation,
electricity and shelter.
Without these basic needs, the lives of millions of children are at
risk. Today, there are around 2.4 billion people who do not haveaccess to improved sanitation, and 663 million without accessto improved water sources.37 WHO estimates that in 2015, thedeaths of 361,000 children under five years old could have been
avoided by addressing water and sanitation risks.38
Access to Basic Needs
7

In Billions

6

Water
Source5Electricity
4

3

1990

1995

2000

2005

2010

2014

Figure 24: Improved Access to Water and Electricity

73

Despite these figures, millions of people have been given greater
access to water, electricity and sanitation since 1990. Great
progress has been made on improving access to water: 91% of
the global population has access to better quality water (that is
protected from contamination), up from 76% in 1990. Last year,
UNICEF’s efforts provided nearly 14 million people with cleanwater and over 11 million with basic toilets.39
While this progress is heartening, the poorest people in subSaharan African and South Asia are being left behind. Progressneeds to be made in these countries to give more people accessto basic needs.
I am also optimistic because over the past two centuries, global
education and literacy rates have risen, predominantly due to anincrease in enrollment in primary education.40
Education and Literacy
90
80

Literacy

70
60
50

Education

40
30

1970

1980

1990

1999

2004

2014

Figure 25: Education and Literacy Are on the Rise

74

Access to basic education is perceived as a right provided andprotected by the government in many countries. A higher qualityof education results in lower levels of poverty (through higher
individual income) and helps to build social capital and longterm economic growth.
Despite these worldwide improvements, in some countries, theliteracy rate of youths has fallen below 50%.41 The gap between
the educated and uneducated will lessen if governments continue
to fund education and literacy. According to recent studies, as
GDP per capita increases, global resources spent on education
are increasing.
The Empowerment of Women is a trend that makes me
optimistic for the future.
As a global movement, empowering girls and women results ineconomic growth, political stability and societal transformation.
The good news is that women’s participation in the workforce
is on the upswing. In the last ten years, an extra quarter of abillion women have entered the workforce.42 As far as gender
parity is concerned — equal pay for equal work — the greatest
progress made has been in the political world.43 While more
women are graduating from universities, they still make up the
majority of skilled workers in only 68 countries and leaders in
only four.44
Today, in 83% of all countries, women have the right to vote.45
While there is progress to be made, the achievements to date
for women’s rights can be celebrated. Young women have greater
choices and control over their lives, though more so in education
than their careers.

75

Women Suffrage
200
180
160
140
120
100
80
60
40
20
0
1900

1931

1961

1992 2000

Figure 26: Increase in Countries with Female Suffrage

Empowered women and girls are the potential leaders of
tomorrow and have the power to transform our world.
Another reason I am optimistic: most of the world’s countries aregoverned by democratic regimes. These are defined as “systems
with citizen political participation, constraints on the power ofthe executive, and a guarantee of civil liberties.”46
At the end of 2016, 97 out of 167 countries (58%) withpopulations of at least 500,000 were democracies.47 Most
countries in Europe and the Americas have become democracies.
Some parts of Africa have been democratized, along withcountries in Asia. India is the world’s largest democracy.
Australia, New Zealand, Japan and Mongolia are also
full democracies.48

76

Global Democracy
90
80

Percentage

70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0

1800

1840

1880

1920

1960

2000

Figure 27: Number of Democracies Worldwide is Growing

Democratic countries are typically more open, healthier,have higher educational attainment and human rights are
better protected.
A democratic world is a very recent achievement. While there
is much room for improvement, democracy overall has madesignificant progress over the last 40 years. Based on current
trends, the rates of economic growth in the poorer countriesof the world give hope for further democratization aroundthe world.
It has been rumored that French economist Claude-FrédéricBastiat once said, “When goods don’t cross borders, soldiers
will.”49 International trade has followed an exponential
growth path in the years between 1800 and 2010, with arising proportion of goods and services (rather than soldiers)
crossing borders.50

77

Global changes like rapid urbanization, the rise of a consuming
middle class in emerging economies, geopolitical complexities,
and the evolution of international financial flows are shaping thelong-term future of global trade.51 Transformative technologies
like 3D printing, automation, e-commerce platforms and achanging international trade policy climate are having thegreatest impact on trade.
While trade was once confined to large multinational companiesof advanced economies, data flows have opened the door todeveloping countries. Small companies and startups are turningthemselves into exporters by joining e-commerce marketplaces.
Approximately 12% of global goods trade is conducted via
international e-commerce.52 It is also allowing large companies
to manage their international operations in leaner, more efficientways. Using digital platforms, they are able to sell in fastgrowing markets.
Global Trade

4K
3K
2K
1K
0

1800

1850

1900

1950

2014

Figure 28: Global Trade has followed an Exponential Growth Path78

A presence in the global market creates opportunities for growthoutside of the domestic market, which can lead to economies ofscale. As global trade intensifies, capital, economic power andinfluence will shift from established economies to emerging
economies. In fact, most preferential trade agreements are
between emerging economies like Mexico, Indonesia, Nigeria andTurkey (“MINT” countries).
Planetary connectivity with three billion users also gives mehope for the future.
Around 40% of the world has Internet connection today, in
1995, it was less than one percent. The number of Internet users
has increased tenfold from 1999 to 2013.53
There are enough mobile phones available for over 99% of
the world’s population.54 More than two thirds of the world’s
population is connected by mobile devices.55
Extreme Connectivity
7400
6400

World
Population

In Millions

5400

MobileSubscribers

4400
3400
2400

Internet
Users

1400
400

2000

2004

2008

2012

Figure 29: Number of Internet Users Worldwide Has Risen

79

Technological advances are built on seamless connectivity —between people, places and things. Improved connectivity gives
us the ability to apply technologies like machine-to-machine(M2M) communications and the Internet of Things (IoT)
to address global issues such as poverty, climate change andinfectious diseases.
Despite these achievements, we still have work to do in the
Climate and Food Quality / Waste.
One in nine people on earth do not have access to the nutrients
they need for proper development and health. As with many
issues that are exacerbated by extreme poverty, it is often theyoungest who are the most vulnerable. According to UNICEF,
there are 11 children dying each minute around the world.56
Climate change and wars are escalating the refugee crisis.
Global food loss and waste costs up to $940 billion per year andgenerates 8% of global greenhouse gas emissions.57
While the hurdles to overcome are high, digital technology andthe data it produces, keeps me optimistic.
Digital technology is driving a renewed environmentalism. As
far as climate change is concerned, it is possible to limit theincrease in global mean temperature to 2 degrees Celsius, but
this will involve a variety of technological measures.
A focus on affordable clean energy will also help offset climatechange. Some organizations are transforming research into
marketable products. Canadian company General Fusion aims tobe the first in the world to create a commercially viable nuclearfusion-energy power plant.58 Carbon Engineering is a start-up
that is taking carbon dioxide directly from the atmosphere and80using it to produce fuel.59 At a general level, automation is giving
major retailers the ability to cut billions of tons of carbon dioxidefrom their global supply chain — more than the annual emissionsof Germany.60 All these endeavors contribute to preserving
our planet.
One of the UN’s SDGs is to halve global food waste and reducefood losses along production and supply chains by 2030. To
achieve this, they plan to help developing countries strengthen
their scientific and technological capacity to move them toward
more sustainable consumption and production.
The Fourth Industrial Revolution is changing how we grow,buy and choose what we eat. In 2017, a robotic farm in the
U.K. harvested its first fully machine-operated crop.61 Five tonsof barley were sown, fertilized and harvested by autonomousvehicles. In the next two-to-three years, digital technologies
in agriculture will have a sizeable market coverage aroundthe world.62
Advances in IoT-related technologies can help eliminate keycauses of food waste. Using sensor data, AI and analytics, theIoT can improve the yield from both harvesting and storage andstreamline distribution networks. As a 24/7 monitoring systemof perishable and sensitive foods, the IoT extends the shelf lifeof produce and enables surplus foods to be shared.63 Information
related to consumption and waste can be collected, monitored
and analyzed for optimized agriculture systems that help
eliminate food waste and combat world hunger.

81

In context of theses technological advances, humanity is ourgreatest enterprise. The word “enterprise” by definition means agreat undertaking or project. One that is important or difficult
and requires a great boldness of energy. The achievements I
discuss in this chapter are based on a tremendous enterpriseof spirit.
An enterprise also describes a company typically organized
to fulfill a specific purpose. The Intelligent and ConnectedEnterprise of the future has a significant role to play in helping
to eradicate disease, poverty and suffering.
It is up to all of us to take responsibility — as individuals,
corporations and nations — to be a driving force for change.
To promote prosperity. And protect each other and earth’s
great bounty.
At OpenText, we share a common conviction rooted in universal
principles to create a more stable and inclusive global market,
and to help build prosperous, thriving societies where citizens
can succeed.
Our Enterprise Information Management (EIM) solutions willcontinue to equip the Intelligent and Connected Enterprise
to use information for the good — to create the world’s best
businesses, design and market lifechanging products, fuel top
talent and empowerment, and improve health, safety and qualityof life.

82

ENDNOTES
1

 ernard Marr, “How Much Data Do We Create Every Day? The Mind-Blowing
B
Stats Everyone Should Read,” Forbes, May 21, 2018, https://www.forbes.com/
sites/bernardmarr/2018/05/21/how-much-data-do-we-create-every-day-the-mindblowing-stats-everyone-should-read/#b3f7b6960ba9 (accessed August 2018).

2

 . F. Saidi S. K. Hejazii Kenari, “Challenges of Organ Shortage forR
Transplantation: Solutions and Opportunities,” NCBI, August 1, 2014, https://www.
ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4149736/ (accessed June 2018).

3

 rett Molina, “This startup wants to create a 3D-printed heart,” USA Today,
B
February 21, 2018, https://www.usatoday.com/story/tech/news/2018/02/21/startupwants-create-3-d-printed-heart/354838002/ (accessed May 2018).

4

 rin Winick, Antonio Regalado, Elizabeth Woyke, et al, “10 Technology
E
Breakthroughs 2018,” MIT Technology Review, March/April 2018, https://www.
technologyreview.com/lists/technologies/2018/ (accessed August 2018).

5

Ibid.

6

 ernard Marr, “MIT Names Top 10 Breakthrough Technologies For 2018,” Forbes,
B
February 21, 2018, https://www.forbes.com/sites/bernardmarr/2018/02/21/here-arethe-top-10-breakthrough-technologies-for-2018/#54db01635d25 (accessed August2018).

7“Amazon’s 1st high-tech grocery store opens to the public.” CBC News, Monday,
January 22, 2018, http://www.cbc.ca/news/technology/amazon-go-grocerystore-1.4497862 (accessed January 2018).

8

 arry Dignan, “IBM outlines 50 qubit quantum computing prototype,” ZDNet,
L
December 10, 2017, https://www.zdnet.com/article/ibm-outlines-50-qubit-quantumcomputing-prototype/ (accessed June 2018).

9 van Ackerman, “Chinese ‘Unmanned Factory’ Replaces 600 Humans With 60
E
Robots,” IEEE Spectrum, August 13, 2015, https://spectrum.ieee.org/automaton/
robotics/industrial-robots/chinese-unmanned-factory-replaces-humans-with-robots(accessed August 2018).

10“ Hackers Attack Every 39 Seconds,” Security Magazine, February 10, 2017, https://www.securitymagazine.com/articles/87787-hackers-attack-every-39-seconds(accessed August 2018).

11h ttps://www.csoonline.com/article/2130877/data-breach/the-biggest-data-breachesof-the-21st-century.html
https://www.zdnet.com/article/unsecured-server-exposes-fedex-customer-records/

83http://www.informationisbeautiful.net/visualizations/worlds-biggest-data-breacheshacks/
https://www.reuters.com/article/us-cyber-attack-maersk/global-shipping-feelsfallout-from-maersk-cyber-attack-idUSKBN19K2LE
https://www.nytimes.com/2018/03/28/technology/boeing-wannacry-malware.html(accessed June 2018).
12

 esselina Stefanova Ratcheva, Jim Riordan, Masao Takahashi, et al. “The Global
V
Risks Report 2018 13th Edition,” World Economic Forum, 2018.

13

J ose Pagliery, “The inside story of the biggest hack in history,” CNNtech, August
5, 2015, http://money.cnn.com/2015/08/05/technology/aramco-hack/index.html(accessed June 2018).

14

Josh Fruhlinger, “The 5 biggest ransomware attacks of the last 5 years,” CSO,
August 1, 2017, https://www.csoonline.com/article/3212260/ransomware/the-5biggest-ransomware-attacks-of-the-last-5-years.html (accessed June 2018).

15

 im Zetter, “That Insane, $81M Bangladesh Bank Heist? Here’s What We Know,”K
Wired, May 17, 2016, https://www.wired.com/2016/05/insane-81m-bangladeshbank-heist-heres-know/ (accessed June 2018).

16

 iles Brundage et al, “The Malicious Use of Artificial Intelligence: Forecasting,
M
Prevention, and Mitigation,” Future of Humanity Institute, University of Oxford,
Centre for the Study of Existential Risk, University of Cambridge, Center for a
New American Security, Electronic Frontier Foundation, OpenAI, February 2018,https://img1.wsimg.com/blobby/go/3d82daa4-97fe-4096-9c6b-376b92c619de/
downloads/1c6q2kc4v_50335.pdf (accessed May 2018).

17

 ob Schmitz, “What’s Your ‘Public Credit Score’? The Shanghai Government
R
Can Tell You,” NPR, January 3, 2017, https://www.npr.org/sections/parallels/2017/01/03/507983933/whats-your-public-credit-score-the-shanghaigovernment-can-tell-you (accessed June 2018).

18

Jennifer Langston, “Lip-syncing Obama: New tools turn audio clips into realistic
video,” UW News, July 11, 2017, https://www.washington.edu/news/2017/07/11/
lip-syncing-obama-new-tools-turn-audio-clips-into-realistic-video/ (accessed June2018).

19

 ike Wright, “Fake images of Parkland shooting survivor Emma Gonzalez tearingM
up US constitution spread on social media,” The Telegraph, March 26, 2018,https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2018/03/26/fake-images-parkland-shootingsurvivor-emma-gonzalez-tearing/ (accessed June 2018).

20

Shahar Markovitch and Paul Willmott, “Accelerating the Digitalization of Business
Processes,” McKinsey & Company, May 2014.
84

21

“Top Causes of Data Breaches by Industry 2018: Verizon DBIR,” Calyptix Security,
April 13, 2018, https://www.calyptix.com/top-threats/top-causes-of-data-breachesby-industry-2018-verizon-dbir/ (accessed August 2018).

22

Luke Graham, “The number of devastating cyberattacks is surging—and it’s likely
to get much worse,” CNBC, Wednesday, September 20, 2017, https://www.cnbc.
com/2017/09/20/cyberattacks-are-surging-and-more-data-records-are-stolen.html(accessed June 2018).

23

Michael Kanellos, “152,000 Smart Devices Every Minute In 2025: IDC Outlines
The Future of Smart Things,” Forbes, March 3, 2016, https://www.forbes.com/sites/
michaelkanellos/2016/03/03/152000-smart-devices-every-minute-in-2025-idcoutlines-the-future-of-smart-things/#10022284b63e (accessed August 2018).

24

David Reinsel, John Gantz, John Rydning, “Data Age 2025: The Evolution of Data
to Life-Critical,” IDC, April 2017, https://www.seagate.com/www-content/our-story/
trends/files/Seagate-WP-DataAge2025-March-2017.pdf (accessed August 2018).

25

David William, “Millennials vs Generation Z: What Employers Must Know
(Infographic),” Small Business Trends, July 7, 2016, https://smallbiztrends.
com/2016/07/millennials-vs-generation-z.html (accessed May 2018).

26

 illion Fox and Joanne O’Connor, “Five ways work will change in the future,” TheK
Guardian, November 2015, https://www.theguardian.com/society/2015/nov/29/fiveways-work-will-change-future-of-workplace-ai-cloud-retirement-remote (accessed
April 2018).

27“ Launching the Data-Driven Justice Initiative: Disrupting the Cycle ofIncarceration,” The White House, June 30, 2016, https://obamawhitehouse.
archives.gov/the-press-office/2016/06/30/fact-sheet-launching-data-driven-justiceinitiative-disrupting-cycle (accessed April 2018).

28“ Social Media and Forced Displacement: Big Data Analytics & MachineLearning,” UN Global Pulse, UNHCR Innovation Service, September 2017 http://
www.unhcr.org/innovation/wp-content/uploads/2017/09/FINAL-White-Paper.pdf(accessed April 2018).

29

Thomas Goetz, “Sergey Brin’s Search for a Parkinson’s Cure,” Wired, June 22,2010, https://www.wired.com/2010/06/ff_sergeys_search/all/1/ (accessed April 2018).

30

Esteban Ortiz-Ospina and Max Roser, “Global Health,” OurWorldInData.org, 2018,https://ourworldindata.org/health-meta (accessed September 2018).

31

UN Sustainable Development Goals: https://www.un.org/sustainabledevelopment/(accessed September 2018).

32“ MDG 4: Reduce child mortality,” MDG, http://www.mdgmonitor.org/mdg-4reduce-child-mortality/ (accessed September 2018).
85

33

 ife Expectancy: https://www.mavenadviser.com/theadvance/ (accessed SeptemberL2018).

34“ Poverty,” The World Bank, April 11, 2018, http://www.worldbank.org/en/topic/
poverty/overview (accessed September 2018).

35

Mbiyimoh Ghogomu, “Despite All the Depressing News, The World Is Not Getting
Worse, It’s Getting Much, Much Better,” The Higher Learning, July 24, 2014, http://
thehigherlearning.com/2014/07/24/despite-all-the-depressing-news-the-world-isnot-getting-worse-its-getting-much-much-better/ (accessed September 2018).

36

 lenn-Marie Lange, Quentin Wodon and Kevin Carey, “The Changing WealthGof Nations 2018: Building a Sustainable Future,” World Bank, 2018, https://
openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/29001 (accessed September 2018).

37

UNICEF: https://www.unicef.org/wash/ (accessed September 2018).

38

WHO: Drinking Water, http://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/drinkingwater (accessed September 2018).

39

Ibid.

40

Max Roser and Esteban Ortiz-Ospina, “Global Rise of Education,”
OurWorldInData.org, 2018, https://ourworldindata.org/global-rise-of-education(accessed September 2018).

41

Ibid.

42“ Ten Years of the Global Gender Gap,” World Economic Forum, 2015, http://
reports.weforum.org/global-gender-gap-report-2015/report-highlights/?doing_wp_cr
on=1534271152.8326370716094970703125 (accessed September 2018).

43

Ibid.

44

Ibid.

45

Emily Goddard, “Women’s suffrage: After 100 years since millions of women got
the vote around the world, how do their rights compare now?” Independent,
February 6, 2018, https://www.independent.co.uk/news/long_reads/womensuffrage-100-years-get-vote-right-uk-britain-ireland-us-world-countries-compareswitzerland-a8191506.html (accessed September 2018).

46

Max Roser, “Democracy,” OurWorldInData.org, 2018, https://ourworldindata.org/
democracy (accessed September 2018).

47

Drew DeSilver, “Despite concerns about global democracy, nearly six-in-ten
countries are now democratic,” FactTank, http://www.pewresearch.org/facttank/2017/12/06/despite-concerns-about-global-democracy-nearly-six-in-tencountries-are-now-democratic/ (accessed September 2018).
86

48

 ax Roser, “Democracy,” OurWorldInData.org, 2018, https://ourworldindata.org/
Mdemocracy (accessed September 2018).

49

 nline Library of Liberty: http://oll.libertyfund.org/pages/did-bastiat-say-whenO
goods-don-t-cross-borders-soldiers-will (accessed September 2018).

50

 steban Ortiz-Ospina and Max Roser, “International Trade,” OurWorldInData.org,
E
https://ourworldindata.org/international-trade (accessed September 2018).

51

 ari Ellis, Alan FitzGerald, Nadia Terfous, and Yassir Zouaoui, “Navigating theT
new realities of global trade,” McKinsey Global Institute, April, 2018, https://www.
mckinsey.com/industries/public-sector/our-insights/navigating-the-new-realities-ofglobal-trade (accessed September 2018).

52

James Manyika, Susan Lund, Jacques Bughin, Jonathan Woetzel, Kalin Stamenov,and Dhruv Dhingra, “Digital globalization: The new era of global flows,”
McKinsey Global Institute, February, 2016, https://www.mckinsey.com/businessfunctions/digital-mckinsey/our-insights/digital-globalization-the-new-era-of-globalflows (accessed September 2018).

53

I nternet Users: http://www.internetlivestats.com/internet-users/ (accessed
September 2018).

54

 achary Davies Boren, “There are Officially More Mobile Devices than People inZ
the World,” Independent, October 7, 2014, https://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/gadgets-and-tech/news/there-are-officially-more-mobile-devices-than-people-inthe-world-9780518.html (accessed September 2018).

55

Rayna Hollander, “Two-thirds of the world’s population are now connected bymobile devices,” Business Insider, September 19, 2017, https://www.businessinsider.
com/world-population-mobile-devices-2017-9 (accessed December 2018).

56“ Worldwide Children’s Statistics,” SOS Children’s Villages USA, April 2018, https://www.sos-usa.org/our-impact/childrens-statistics (accessed September 2018).

57“ UN announces first-ever global standard to measure food loss and waste,” UN,
June 7, 2016, https://www.un.org/sustainabledevelopment/blog/2016/06/unannounces-first-ever-global-standard-to-measure-food-loss-and-waste/ (accessed
September 2017).

58

General Fusion: http://generalfusion.com/ (accessed November 2018).

59

Carbon Engineering: http://carbonengineering.com/ (accessed November 2018).

60

 red Krupp, “How technology is driving a fourth wave of environmentalism,”
F
World Economic Forum, May 23, 2018, https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2018/05/
how-technology-is-driving-a-fourth-wave-of-environmentalism/ (accessed
November 2018).
8761

 ereza Pultarova, “Robotic Farm Completes 1st Fully Autonomous Harvest,” LiveT
Science, September 29, 2017, https://www.livescience.com/60567-robotically-tendedfarm-completes-first-harvest.html (accessed November 2018).

62

 liver Lofink, “Digitising Agriculture: How organisations can unlock the potential
Oin the agricultural value chain,” PA, 2015, https://www.paconsulting.com/
insights/2015/digitising-agriculture/ (accessed November 2018).

63

 ukamal Banerjee, “7 ways the Internet of Things can help end worldShunger,” World Economic Forum, January 15, 2018, https://www.weforum.
org/agenda/2018/01/internet-things-iot-world-hunger-supply-chain/ (accessed
November 2018).

88