Disclaimer
This report was compiled by an ADRC visiting researcher (VR) from ADRC
member countries.
The views expressed in the report do not necessarily reflect the views ofthe ADRC. The boundaries and names shown and the designations usedon the maps in the report also do not imply official endorsement or
acceptance by the ADRC.

2.06.2020

DISASTER PROFILE AND MANAGEMENTSYSTEM OF TURKEY

Asian Disaster Reduction Center - ADRC
09 September 2019 – Kobe/ JAPANCONTENTDISASTER PROFILE IN TURKEY
DISASTER RISK MANAGEMENT MODEL IN TURKEY
DISASTER RISK REDUCTION MODEL IN TURKEY
BEST PRACTICES ON DISASTER RISK REDUCTION IN AFAD
BEST PRACTICES ON DISASTER RISK REDUCTION IN TURKEY12.06.2020

DISASTER PROFILEDISASTER PROFILE IN TURKEY

 96% of our country is under the danger of earthquake hazard
Earthquake 61%
Flood
15%
Landslide 16%
Rockfall5%(In terms of damages and fatalities)

 66% of seismic belt is right on active faultline
 72% of our population and 75% of industrial plants are under
the Earthquake Risk

PRIME MINISTRY DISASTER AND EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT PRESIDENCY422.06.2020

PRIME MINISTRY DISASTER AND EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT PRESIDENCY5DISASTER PROFILE IN TURKEY
Due to Earthquakes
in Turkey

in the Past 58 years
More than

400,000
Buildings
Were Destroyed orDamaged

PRIME MINISTRY DISASTER AND EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT PRESIDENCY

632.06.2020

DISASTER PROFILE IN TURKEY

Each Yearin Turkey
Due toEarthquakes

Average1.000 People Die
2.100 People are Injured

1st Degree

2nd Degree

3rd Degree

PRIME MINISTRY DISASTER AND EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT PRESIDENCY

4th Degree

5th Degree

7DRM MODEL42.06.2020

DEVELOPMENT OF DISASTER MANAGEMENT
1928

20092000

1959

GD of Civil Defense

GD of Disaster Affairs(Ministry of Interior)(Min. of Public Works and Settlement)

GD of Turkey EmergencyManagement(Prime Ministry / MoI)

Weaknesses:
SEVERAL INSTITUTIONSLACK OF EFFECTIVE AND EFFICIENT COORDINATIONFOCALITY ON CRISIS MANAGEMENTLACK OF SYSTEM APPROACH

9PRIME MINISTRY DISASTER AND EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT PRESIDENCY

TRANSFORMATIONOF DISASTER MANAGEMENT
1928
GD of Civil Defense(Ministry of İnterior)

1959
GD of Natural Disasters

2000(Ministry of Public Works)

GD of Emergency Management(Prime Ministry )MINISTRY OF INTERIORBEFORE

By the law no 5902

SEVERAL INSTITUTIONSLACK OF EFFECTIVE AND EFFICIENT COORDINATIONCRISIS MANAGEMENTLACK OF SYSTEMS APPROACHAFTERONE INSTITUTION MULTI-DISCIPLINARY APPROACH
EFECTIVE AND EFFICIENT COORDINATIONRISK MANAGEMENTSYSTEMS & PROACTIVE SYSTEMATIC APPROACH

PRIME MINISTRY DISASTER AND EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT PRESIDENCY1052.06.2020

TRANSFORMATIONOF DISASTER MANAGEMENT

From crisis management to risk management
RISK
MANAGEMENTMulti-disciplinary sense
Proactive approach for preparedness and response
Strengthened IT11PRIME MINISTRY DISASTER AND EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT PRESIDENCY

NATIONAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT FRAMEWORK
Public PrivateOrganizations
NGOs andothers
Provincial
Directorates ofDisaster andEmergency
Management

PRIME MINISTRY DISASTER AND EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT PRESIDENCY

All disaster management
related organisations unified
Effective coordination
Efficient use of capacity and capability
in disaster management
Central authority to make policies,
standards, finance projects and disasters

setLocal authorities to take responsibilities andmanage disasters by their own
Integration with stakeholders

1262.06.2020

NATIONAL AND LOCAL LEVELLOCAL LEVELNATIONAL LEVEL

AFAD PROVINCIAL
DIRECTORATESBRIGADES OF CIVIL DEFENSESEARCH AND RESCUE

Creating policies
Specifying standards

Implementing projects

In 11 provinces

81provinces

Coordination between relevant organizations

SAR operations in Regional
Settlement

Management of disaster andemergency actions

Monitoring practices

Engineering activities

Operational Staff

Capacity building

SAR operations

Financing operations

Coordination between
institutions

13

PRIME MINISTRY DISASTER AND EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT PRESIDENCY

NATIONAL AND LOCAL LEVEL
Ministry of İnterior/ Minister
Disaster and EmergencySupreme Board

Disaster and Emergency
Coordination Board

DeputyPresident

Planning andMitigation
Department

Response
Department

President ofAFAD

Press and Public
Relations
Consultancy

LegalConsultancy

Recovery
Department

Internal
Control Unit

Civil Defense
Department

Strategy
Development
Department

DeputyPresident

Earthquake
Department

Administrative
Services
Department

Information Tech.
andCommunication
Dep.

AFADEM

PRIME MINISTRY DISASTER AND EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT PRESIDENCY

1472.06.2020

DRR MODELNATIONAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT FRAMEWORKDevelopment Plan
National DRM Freamework
NationalDRR
PlanNational
ResponseNational
Recovery

PlanPlan

OtherNational
StratejicDocuments

Province Level Local DRM PlanTAYÇEBPRIMEKonum
MINISTRY DISASTER AND EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT PRESIDENCY1682.06.2020

NATIONAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT FRAMEWORKA strategic plan for disastermanagement system of Turkey

Determination of the roles ofstakeholders in the area of disastermanagement system.
Integration of national risk
reduction, preparedness, respondand recovery plans

PRIME MINISTRY DISASTER AND EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT PRESIDENCY17NATIONAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT FRAMEWORKLAWS AND REGULATİONSLaw No 5902 on the Organization Structure and Duties of the Disaster and Emergency
Management Presidency
Law No. 7269 on Measures to be Taken Due to Disasters and Assistance to be Made dueto disasters
Law No. 4123 on the Execution of Services for Damages Caused by a Natural Disaster
Law No. 7126 Civil Protection
Law No. 6305 Disaster Insurance
Law No. 6306 on the Transformation of Areas Under Disaster Risk
PRIME MINISTRY DISASTER AND EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT PRESIDENCY1892.06.2020

UDSEP
National Earthquake Strategy and Action Plan - UDSEP
Learning
Earthquakes

3 AxesCoping with Effectsof Earthquakes

Safe Settlementand Housing

Completed Actions:
Disaster Insurance Law (Turkish Catastrophe Insurance Pool)
Active Fault Map (Ministry of Energy and Natural Resources)
Earthquake Research Program (AFAD)
National Platform on Disaster Risk Reduction (AFAD)
Integrated Disaster Hazard Maps (AFAD)PRIME MINISTRY DISASTER AND EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT PRESIDENCY19TURKEY NATIONAL DISASTER RESPONSE PLAN
Operational Plans - TAMPları

PRIME MINISTRY DISASTER AND EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT PRESIDENCY20102.06.2020

STRATEGIC DOCUMENTS ON DRR
Some documents have been prepared for prevent or reduce losses of natural disasters, especially earthquakes in ourcountry . Some of these reports are as follows; Turkey National Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (TUJJB) National Earthquake Research Program (1999)
 Turkish Grand National Assembly (TBMM) Commission Report on Earthquake Research (2000)
 State Planning Agency of Turkey (DPT) Specialization Commission Report on Natural Disaster (2000)
 TUBITAK National Earthquake Council, National Earthquake Strategy Report (2002)
 Turkish Court of Accounts (TCA) Disaster Reports (2002)
 Turkey Economy Congress Eartquake Working Group Report (2004)
 Ministry of Publik Works and Settlement Eartquake Forum Reports (2004) Natural Disaster Country Report, JICA (2004)
 TUBITAK National Earthquake Commission, National Earthquake Research Programme Report (2005)
 Science and Technology High Commission 11th Meeting Report (2005)
 Prime Ministry Inspection Board, Emergency and Disaster Management Review Report (2008)
 Ministry of Public Works and Settlement, Urbanization Forum Report Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Rural Development Plan (2010-2013)
 Integrated Urban Development Strategy and Action Plan (2010-2023)
 Turkish Grand National Assembly, Determination of Precautions to be Taken in Earthquake Management by Investigating
Earthquake Risks Report of the Parliamentary Research Commission (2011)
 Union of Chambers of Turkish Engineers And Architects and related Union Reports (2000-2011) Prepared reports of International organization like UN, OECD,UNDP, etc.

PRIME MINISTRY DISASTER AND EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT PRESIDENCY21

DRR ACTIVITIES IN AFAD

112.06.2020

INTEGRATED DISASTER HAZARD MAPS

23PRIME MINISTRY DISASTER AND EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT PRESIDENCY

TurkeyDisasterDatabase -TABB
Reliable source of information
User friendly website
Useful modules
Improvable software
Sustainable system

DocumentationModule

PRIME MINISTRY DISASTER AND EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT PRESIDENCYAnalysisModule2412

2.06.2020

TECHNOLOGICAL DISASTERS ROAD MAP DOCUMENTS
Within the scope of AFAD’s capacity and duty, “Technological Disasters Guideline Document
2015 - 2023” has been prepared with the aim of the coordination of organizations andinstitutions and effective management of technological disasters.

The road maps on,• Industrial accidents,• Mining and mining waste accidents,• Nuclear and biological accidents• Protection of critical infrastructure• Transportation of hazardous materials accidents• Accidents causing marine pollution• Biosafety of genetically modified organisms• Climate change and associated diasasters, are preparedand published.
PRIME MINISTRY DISASTER AND EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT PRESIDENCY25DISASTER MANAGEMENT AND DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEM(AYDES SOFTWARE)

PRIME MINISTRY DISASTER AND EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT PRESIDENCY26132.06.2020

DISASTER - PREPARED TURKEY

PRIME MINISTRY DISASTER AND EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT PRESIDENCY27ESTABLISHMENT OF HUMANITARIAN LOGISTICS WAREHOUSESPRIME MINISTRY DISASTER AND EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT PRESIDENCY28142.06.2020

PROJECTSMobile Disaster Training CentersTurkey Disaster Data CenterDisaster Response PlanEstablishment of Humanitarian
Logistics Warehouse Project
Enhancing the CBRN Capacity
Continuous and Secure
Communication
SystemAccreditation SystemAFAD Turkey
Earthquake DataCenter29

PRIME MINISTRY DISASTER AND EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT PRESIDENCY

PROJECTS
AFAD Turkey Earthquake
Data Center

Adequate Disaster Tents Tent
Design and Creation of StockObservation, Mapping & Damage
Assessment with Unmanned Air
VehiclesCapacity Building About Disaster Types
Knowledge Expertise
PRIME MINISTRY DISASTER AND EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT PRESIDENCY30152.06.2020

DRR ACTIVITIES IN TURKEY

RESTRUCTURING OF AREAS UNDER THE DISASTER RISKS
It is intended to create robust and safe residences based on international standards under the law No.
6306 on “Restructuring of Areas Under the Disaster Risks” that aims to make cities and buildings
resilient against disasters in Turkey. Within the scope of local administration reform that was put inforce, municipalities have been authorized to make urban transformation.
The Regulation provides that the determination of risky building,which have been described as those within or outside the risky areasthat have been decided in accordance with scientific and technicaldata to have completed their economic life or bear the risk ofcollapse or suffer from heavy damage.

PRIME MINISTRY DISASTER AND EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT PRESIDENCY3216

2.06.2020

CLIMATE CHANGE ADAPTATION
Turkey has to tackle with problems
such as desertification, hydrometeorological disasters and rise ofsea level. In accordance with theNational Climate Change Strategy
Document (2020-2010) and within theframework of Turkey’s Climate
Change National Action Plan (20112023), work on climate change is inprogress. These works are reported bymeans of United Nations Framework
Convention on Climate Change
annually.
PRIME MINISTRY DISASTER AND EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT PRESIDENCY33

ISTANBUL SEISMIC RISK MITIGATION AND PREPAREDNESSPROJECT (ISMEP)
Istanbul is the most vulnerable city because of its seismic-prone
location nearby the North Anatolian Fault, and its high population andcommercial/industrial densities. ISMEP is a significant attempt toimplement essential principles of comprehensive disaster management
financed by the World Bank. The main objectives are to improve the cityof Istanbul’s preparedness for a potential earthquake through enhancing
the institutional and technical capacity for disaster management andemergency response, strengthening critical public facilities forearthquake resistance, and supporting measures for better enforcementof building codes and land use plans. In support to the promotion ofcommitments for safe schools, the Government of Turkey hosted thefirst meeting of the “Safe School Leaders” on 30-31 October 2014,
Istanbul, Turkey

PRIME MINISTRY DISASTER AND EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT PRESIDENCY3417

2.06.2020

MAJOR INDUSTRIAL ACCIDENTS ON CONTROL REGULATIONSAs known industrial activity due to the major industrial accident
prevention, accident preparedness, in case of interference with theNo of 96/82/EC hazardous materials that contain large risk is Risk
Control of the European Union Council Directive (Seveso II Directive),
our country’s legislation to integrate environmental Seveso II
Directive in Turkey and our Ministry of Environment and Urbanization
Harmonization Project and the project was achieved as theRegulation on the “Prevention of Major Industrial Accidents andReducing Effects” the Regulations were completed on December,2013 and published. In this context, that in accordance with relevant
provisions of the Act and in support of on going activities in allindustrial facilities containing hazardous chemicals are required toreport to the Ministry.

PRIME MINISTRY DISASTER AND EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT PRESIDENCY35INSURANCE
Turkey introduced a requirement for earthquake insurance in2000 and coverage is provided by the Turkish Natural
Catastrophe Insurance Pool (DASK), set up under Law
No 6305, which is an example of good practice. Additionally,
DASK may cover disasters such as floods, storms, landslides,
and hail and snow damage in the event of insurancecompanies failing to do so.
Insurance companies make use of risk scenarios. At present,insurance has 41 % penetration and there are 7.3 million
policies. It is therefore recommended that further efforts bemade to increase the penetration of compulsory earthquake
insurance.
Another example of good practice in the field of insurance is
the Agricultural Insurance Pool (TARSİM), which insuresherbal and animal products against the consequences of hail,storm, flood, fire, landslides, tornadoes and frost.
ata as provided in May 2016.
PRIME MINISTRY DISASTER AND EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT PRESIDENCY36182.06.2020

www.afad.gov.tr

THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTIONOzgur Tuna OZMEN
otuna.ozmen@afad.gov.tr

PRIME MINISTRY DISASTER AND EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT PRESIDENCY3719