Thailand
Country Report
THANCHANOK NUNTATIKUL
Department of Disaster Prevention and Mitigation (DDPM)
Visiting Researcher FY2023

Disclaimer
This report was compiled by an ADRC visiting researcher (VR) from ADRC member countries.
The views expressed in the report do not necessarily reflect the views of the ADRC.

The boundaries and names shown and designations used on the maps in the report also do not
imply official endorsement or acceptance by the ADRC.

Outline
Overview of Thailand
Disaster Situation in Thailand
Overview of Thailand’s Disaster Risk
Management System
Disaster Risk Reduction Activities
Research PlanOverview of Thailand

Overview of Thailand
Thailand is located between latitudes N 5°37’ to N 20°27’ andlongitudes E 7°22’ to E 105°37’, occupies the Indochina peninsulaand northern part of the Malay Peninsula.
Total Area:
513,115 km²

Climate:Tropical Climate influenced by two seasonal monsoons

Total
Coastline:
3,151.13 km

Southwest Monsoon (May)stream of warm & moist air

SummerTotal Population: 66,057,967
Male: 32.2 M Female: 33.8 M
60 up: 13 M Disabilities: 2.2 M

Northeast Monsoon (Oct)cold & dry airRainy

WinterAged Society since 2022Challenges<Overview of Thailand
Administrative Divisions

sixregions

Central Administration

Provincial Administration

Local Administration(centralization)(deconcentration)(decentralization)

Prime Minister’s OfficeMinistries
Bureaus
Departments

76 Provinces
878 Districts
7,255 Sub-districts
75,986 Villages

76 PAOs2,450 Municipalities
5,324 SAOs
Bangkok Metropolitan
Administration (BMA)
Pattaya City

Disaster Situationin Thailand

Disaster Situation in Thailand
Thailand has been exposed to various kinds of disaster due todifferent characteristic geographies in each region.

Northern & Western: hilly & mountainous
Northeastern: plateau (high plain)
Central: low-level plain
Eastern: coastal plain & valley & small hill
South: narrow peninsula

Urban area

Disaster Situation in Thailand
Disaster Seasoning Calendar**16 Active faults as of 2019

Disaster Situation in Thailand
Forest fire,Northern Thailand

JAN - APR

Accumulated data of disaster occurrences
during 1 JAN – 30 NOV 2023
Worst haze pollution,
Northern Thailand

MAR

JUL

Number of Disasters (Time)

Fireworks explosion,
Narathiwat

TypeJANFEBMARAPR

MAYJUNJULAUGSEPOCTNOVfloodlandslide

Forest fire,
Nakhon NayokTyphoon Talim, Ranong JUL MAY

droughtstorm

Storm, Phichit

fire

ImpactTotal affected people
1,206,103
Urban flooding, Nonthaburi

37-

Death
28
Injure58
Missing
1
Evacuate 12

Death
InjureMissing
Evacuate

-

Death
75
Injure 294
Missing
Evacuate 49DEC50-year floods,
Narathiwat & YalaSEP

Death
InjureMissing
Evacuate

Death
21
Injure4Missing
2
Evacuate 64

Overview ofThailand’s Disaster Risk
Management System

Overview of Thailand’s Disaster Risk Management System

Disaster Prevention andMitigation Act 2007

National Disaster Preventionand Mitigation Plan2021 - 2027

Overview of Thailand’s Disaster Risk Management System
Entry to enforce on 5 NOV 2007 as the main DRM laws
following the lesson learned from Tsunami incident in 2004
Provide the definition of “Disaster”

Disaster Prevention andMitigation Act 2007

Formulate implementing DRM mechanism and authority(Policy level and Operation level)
Designate the Department of Disaster Prevention andMitigation (DDPM) as the national focal point for DRM
Formulate Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Plan in all level(National/Provincial/Bangkok Metropolitan Administration/District/Local Administration Organization)
Protection from liabilities for all officers who perform DRM
operations in accordance with this laws

Overview of Thailand’s Disaster Risk Management System

The concept of Global and Regional
disaster-related Frameworks areintegrated in the National DRM Plan

Overview of Thailand’s Disaster Risk Management System
Approved by the Cabinet on 5 July 2022 as the masterplan of DRM
Provide Concept of Operation to enable all sectors including
government, private and civil society sector to collectively
implement DRM activities in an integrated and systematicmanner, and in the same direction

National Disaster Preventionand Mitigation Plan
2021 - 2027

Vision: Enable Thailand to effectively reduce existing andprevent new risks in order for ensuring national sustainablesecurity, safety and resilience
National DRM Policy: 1) Implementation of DRR concept in alldimensions 2) Promotion of R&D and innovation to augment
disaster resilient capacity 3) Strengthening International
Partnership Cooperation 4) Elevation of Emergency ManagementStandards 5) Sustainable Recovery System “BBB & Safer”

Overview of Thailand’s Disaster Risk Management System
DRM Strategies

DRR

PART 1: Effective Disaster Risk Reduction
Strategy 1: Enhance disaster risk management capacity
Strategy 2: Advance the effectiveness of the disastermanagement plan and promote the applicationof innovations in disaster management
Strategy 3: Promote international DRR partnership

National Disaster Preventionand Mitigation Plan
2021 - 2027

BBB
PART 2: Development of standards in disaster management
Strategy 4: Promote effective and integrated emergency
management system
Strategy 5: Promotion of sustainable disaster recovery

Policy level

Disaster
RiskManagement
Mechanism

National Disaster
Prevention andMitigation Committee
National Accident
Prevention Committee
National Disaster
Warning System
Management Committee

EOC (Emergency Operation Center) 24/7
Operation level
Prime Minister/ Appointed Deputy PM
National Disaster Prevention and Mitigation
Command Headquarters

in case of extremely large
scale disasterlevel of DM
Level 4

Level 3National
DG of DDPM as Central commander(Minister ofcommander proposes
Central Disaster Prevention and Mitigation
Nat. Commander/PM to Interior)
Coordination Center
upgrade the level of DM
Level 2
Provincial
BMA Disaster Prevention andProvincial Disaster Prevention andcommander
Mitigation Coordination Center
Mitigation Coordination Center(Governor)
BMA District Disaster Prevention andDistrict Disaster Prevention andMitigation Coordination Center
Mitigation Coordination Center
Level 1
District/Localauthority
SAO Disaster Prevention andPattaya City Disaster Prevention and Municipality Disaster Prevention andcommander
Mitigation Coordination Center
Mitigation Coordination Center
Mitigation Coordination Center

Disaster Risk
Reduction Activities

Capacity Building and Disaster Risk AwarenessCommunity-based Disaster Risk Management (CBDRM) isan effective approach to building capacity and encouraging
the community to understand their risks and proactively
develop the DRM plan in accordance with their contexts.

Can adapt the concept tospecific disaster, context, orvulnerable groups. For example:
Local
Administration

Migrants
Since 2005 - Present, 15,000 communities are trained

Wild elephantdisasterCapacity Building and Disaster Risk AwarenessThe 1st National
Disaster Assemblyin 2023

Promote the implementation of the healthaspects into DRR & DRM plan in 2022

Crisis Response Conference in 2023

Development of Disaster Information Collection and Database
DDPM in collaboration with UNESCAP conducted the Disaster-related
Statistics Framework e-learning course in 2023.

Development of Disaster Risk Communication and Multi-hazard EWS
Social MediaSMS: Short Message

Broadcast Alert System

MobileApplication

Warning
Dissemination
Equipment

Development of Disaster Risk Communication and Multi-hazard EWS
DDPM on process todeveloping warning
dissemination channelby Cell Broadcast toincrease access to early
warning information.
With Cell Broadcast it
is possible to send atext message toThousands or evenmillion of people at thesame time in near realtime with specificlocation.

Development of experts in various fields of DRM cycle

THA-10 (USAR Thailand) deployment in the mission of Türkiye Earthquake M7.8, February 2023.
This brought THA-10 the first experience in providing humanitarian assistance oversea.
Thailand’s DRM policy aims to increase human resources with expertise in line with international
standards. The National Disaster Prevention and Mitigation 2021 – 2027 appoints DDPM to be the
INSARAG Policy and Operation Focal Point which is responsible to develop the National Urban Searchand Rescue (USAR) Team that meets the International Search and Rescue Advisory Group (INSARAG)
standards. Thailand will enter the INSARAG External Classification (IEC) in the second half of 2025.

Development of experts in various fields of DRM cycle
ASEAN-Emergency Response and Assessment Team (ASEAN-ERAT)

United Nations Disaster Assessment and Coordination (UNDAC)

Development of Resource Mobilization System to support DRM
18 DDPM Regional Centers will
support resources for provincial
and local administrations toperform disaster operations

Thailand’s SDGs Localization
As on June 6, 2022, the Ministry of Interior signeda Statement of Commitment to Sustainable Thailand
to promote cooperation in driving the Sustainable
Development Goals through collaboration with the United
Nations Country Team (UNCT) under the theme:“77 provinces, 77 commitments towards
the Sustainable Development Goals” and to reinforce
the intention to drive Thailand toward the Sustainable
Development Goals in various dimensions concretely.
Focusing on integration of 5 key elements in the Provincial
Development Plan in order to accomplish sustainable
development:
Food Security Circular Economy
Ecotourism

BCG Model

Disaster Risk Management
Localization by applying the Ten
Essentials for Making Cities ResilientResearch PlanResearch Plan:
Disability inclusion in Shelter Management
Specific Aim

Expected Results- To have an insight aboutstandards, practices, and challengeof Japan in preparing and managing
a disability-inclusive shelter as well
as specific needs of people withdisabilities and people who takecare of them
- To learn from good examples ofaccessible shelter- Concrete practices of disabilityinclusive shelter management inJapan- Experience of visiting the shelter- Recommendation for Thailand
on how to prepare for shelter thatis accessible for people withdisabilities such as design, facilities,
management

Shelter Establishment
and Management
To improve guideline,
training, and exercise

Thank youfor
your attention