᪂つ໬Ꮫ྾཰ᾮ䝥䝻䝉䝇㻌䠉㻯㻻㻞๐ῶᢏ⾡䛾᪩ᮇᐇ⌧䜢䜑䛦䛧䛶䠉㻌໬Ꮫ྾཰ᾮ䝥䝻䝉䝇䛿䚸ప䝁䝇䝖㻯㻻㻞ศ㞳ᅇ཰䞉㈓␃䠄㻯㻯㻿䠅ᢏ⾡䛾᪩ᮇᐇ⌧䛻Ḟ䛛䛫䛺䛔᭷ᮃ䛺ᢏ⾡䛷䛒䜚䚸᭱䜒ᐇ⏝໬䛻㏆䛔㻯㻻㻞ศ㞳ᅇ཰ᢏ⾡䛷䛩䚹㻾㻵㼀㻱䛿䚸䛥䜎䛦䜎䛺኱つᶍ㻯㻻㻞Ⓨ⏕※䛻ᑐ䛧䛶ప䜶䝛䝹䜼䞊䞉ప䝁䝇䝖䛾᪂つ䛾໬Ꮫ྾཰ᾮ䜢㛤Ⓨ䛩䜛䛯䜑䚸ศᏊ䝺䝧䝹䛾ᮦᩱタィ䞉ホ౯䛛䜙䝥䝷䞁䝖ヨ㦂䛻䜘䜛ᐇ⏝໬᳨ウ䜎䛷⥲ྜⓗ䛻ྲྀ䜚⤌䜣䛷䛔䜎䛩䚹㻌኱つᶍ᤼ฟ※䛛䜙䛾㻯㻻㻞ศ㞳䞉ᅇ཰䛻ྥ䛡䛯ప䝁䝇䝖໬Ꮫ྾཰ᾮ䝥䝻䝉䝇䛾㛤Ⓨ㻌໬Ꮫ྾཰ἲ䛿䜺䝇୰䛾㻯㻻㻞䜢໬Ꮫⓗ䛻ᾮ䛻྾཰䛥䛫䛯ᚋ䚸ຍ⇕䛩䜛䛣䛸䛷㻯㻻㻞䜢ศ㞳䞉ᅇ཰䛩䜛ᢏ⾡䛷䚸▼ⅣⅆຊⓎ㟁ᡤ䜔㻌〇㕲ᡤ㧗⅔䛺䛹䚸኱つᶍ䛺㻯㻻㻞᤼ฟ※䛻㐺䛧䛯䝥䝻䝉䝇䛷䛩䚹䛂ຍ⇕䛃➼䛻せ䛩䜛䜶䝛䝹䜼䞊䝁䝇䝖䛾๐ῶ䛜᭱኱䛾ㄢ㢟䛷䛒䜚䚸㻾㻵㼀㻱䛿䛭䜜䜢ゎỴ䛩䜛ᢏ⾡㛤Ⓨ䜢ᐇ᪋䛧䛶䛝䜎䛧䛯䚹㻌పရ఩ᗫ⇕䜢฼⏝䛩䜛஧㓟໬Ⅳ⣲ศ㞳ᅇ཰ᢏ⾡㛤Ⓨ஦ᴗ䠄㻯㻻㻯㻿䠖ᖹᡂ㻝㻢㻙㻞㻜ᖺᗘ䠅㻌⎔ቃㄪ࿴ᆺ〇㕲䝥䝻䝉䝇ᢏ⾡㛤Ⓨ஦ᴗ䠄㻯㻻㼁㻾㻿㻱㻡㻜㻌㻿㼀㻱㻼㻝䠖ᖹᡂ㻞㻜㻙㻞㻠ᖺᗘ䠅㻌㻾㻵㼀㻱䞉᪂᪥㚩ఫ㔠䠄ᰴ䠅䛻䜘䜛᪂つ໬Ꮫ྾཰ᾮ㛤Ⓨ㻌໬Ꮫ྾཰ἲ〇㕲ᡤ㧗⅔䠍ᇶ䠄㻟㻤㻜୓䢀䢙⢒㗰㻛ᖺ䠅䛒䛯䜚䚸㧗⅔䡲䢚䡹୰䛾㻯㻻㻞 㻞㻢㻜୓䢀䢙㻛ᖺ㻯㼔㼑㼙㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌㻭㼎㼟㼛㼞㼜㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼀㼑㼟㼠㻌㼜㼘㼍㼚㼠㻌㻯㻻㻞⃰ᗘ 㻞䠂㻘㻌㻯㻻㻘㻌㻴㻞➼㕲㗰䢈䢛䢗䡺䡹⏝⇞ᩱ䛸䛧䛶฼⏝๓ฎ⌮⿦⨨㻟㻜㻌㼠㼛㼚㻌㻯㻻㻞㻛㼐㼍㼥㻌྾཰ሪ㻌㻯㻻㻞⃰ᗘ㻥㻥䠂྾཰ሪ෌⏕ሪ㻌෌⏕ሪ㧗⅔䜺䝇㻯㻻㻞⃰ᗘ 㻞㻞䠂㻯㻻㻘㻌㻴㻞➼䜢ྵ䜐๓ฎ⌮ἲ䛾᳨ウ๓ฎ⌮ἲ䛾᪂྾཰ᾮ㛤Ⓨ┠ⓗ㧗⅔䡲䢚䡹䛛䜙䛾䠟䠫㻞ศ㞳ᅇ཰䡶䡹䢀䜢༙ῶ䛩䜛ᢏ⾡䛾☜❧䚸䛚䜘䜃᭦䛺䜛䡶䡹䢀పῶ䛾䛯䜑䛾ᢏ⾡ホ౯䝸䝪䜲䝷䞊㻌ィ⟬໬Ꮫ䞉ྜᡂ໬Ꮫ䜢㥑౑䛧䛯㧗ᛶ⬟໬Ꮫ྾཰ᾮ㛤Ⓨ㻌䢔䢊䢚䡮䢓䡬〇㕲ᡤ䛾పရ఩ᮍ฼⏝ᗫ⇕ᶍᨃ䜺䝇ヨ㦂⿦⨨䠄㻯㻭㼀䇲㻸㻭㻮䠅➼㻌䜢⏝䛔䛯᭱㐺䝥䝻䝉䝇᳨ウ㻌㻯㻭㼀㻙㻸㻭㻮㻌ప䝁䝇䝖䠟䠫㻞྾཰䝅䝇䝔䝮䛾㛤Ⓨ㻯㻻㻯㻿஦ᴗ䛷䛿ୡ⏺䛻ඛ㥑䛡䛶✀䚻䛾㧗ᛶ⬟᪂྾཰ᾮ䜢㛤Ⓨ䚹䛭䜜䜎䛷ᇶ‽䛸䛧䛶౑⏝䛥䜜䛶䛔䛯㻹㻱㻭䠄䝰䝜䜶䝍䝜䞊䝹䜰䝭䞁䠅྾཰ᾮ䛻ẚ䜉䚸㻯㻻㻞ศ㞳䞉ᅇ཰䜶䝛䝹䜼䞊䛾኱ᖜపῶ䜢㐩ᡂ䛧䜎䛧䛯䚹㻌ᐇ㧗⅔䜺䝇䜢⏝䛔䜛䝥䝷䞁䝖ヨ㦂䛻䜘䜛㐃⥆ヨ㦂ホ౯ 䠄༠ຊ䠖᪂᪥㕲䜶䞁䝆䝙䜰䝸䞁䜾䠄ᰴ䠅䠅㻌㻯㻭㼀㻙㻟㻜㻌᧜ᙳ᪥䠖㻌㻞㻜㻝㻜ᖺ㻢᭶㻌㻯㻻㼁㻾㻿㻱㻡㻜㻌 㻿㼀㻱㻼㻝䛷 䛿 䚸ୡ ⏺ 䝖䝑 䝥 䝺䝧 䝹 䛾 ศ㞳 ᅇ ཰䜶䝛 䝹 䜼 䞊㻞㻚㻜㻌㻳㻶㻛㼠㼛㼚㻌 㻯㻻㻞䜢㐩ᡂ䚹㻿㼀㻱㻼㻞䠄ᖹᡂ㻞㻡ᖺᗘ䡚䠅䛿䚸᭦䛺䜛䝁䝇䝖๐ῶ䞉ᐇ⏝໬䜢┠ᣦ䛧䚸㠉᪂ⓗ໬Ꮫ྾཰ᾮ䛾㛤Ⓨ䛻ྲྀ䜚⤌䜣䛷䛔䜎䛩䚹㻌㧗ᅽ㻯㻻㻞ྵ᭷䜺䝇䛛䜙䛾㻯㻻㻞ศ㞳䞉ᅇ཰䛻ྥ䛡䛯᪂つ໬Ꮫ྾཰ᾮ䛾㛤Ⓨ㻌▼Ⅳ䜺䝇໬䜺䝇䜔᥇᥀ኳ↛䜺䝇䛺䛹㧗ᅽ㻯㻻㻞ྵ᭷䜺䝇䛛䜙䛾㻯㻻㻞ศ㞳䞉ᅇ཰䛻ྥ䛡䛯㧗ᅽ෌⏕ᆺ໬Ꮫ྾཰ᾮ䛾㛤Ⓨ䛻ྲྀ䜚⤌䜣䛷䛔䜎䛩䚹㻌‫ן‬጑߻ᆉửԃớЎᩉ‫ׅ‬ӓỺ἟ἽἀὊᴾᵹᵫᵨᵍᶒᵋᵡᵭᵐᵻᴾᵏᵊᵒᵎᵎ῍ᵐᵊᵕᵎᵎᴾ᭗‫ן‬ᴾᵈᵈᵈᵈᵈᴾᵡᵭᵐԃஊỾἋᴾ ᵳᵡᵟᵰᵱᵭᵪᵋᶄᶊᵿᶑᶆඥᵈᴾ ถ‫ן‬ίᵎᵌᵐᴾᵫᵮᵿὸᴾ ᵕᵎᵎ ᴾᴾ ᴾ ᴾ ᴾ ᴾ ᴾ ᴾᴾᵏᵊᵎᵎᵎᵏᵊᵕᵎᵎᴾᵆᵒᵌᵎᴾᵫᵮᵿᵇᴾ
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ᵫᵢᵣᵟᵑᵓ ᶕᶒᵃᵡᵭᵐ ᵡᵭᵱᶍᶊᶓᶀᶇᶊᶇᶒᶗᵋᵮᶐᶃᶑᶑᶓᶐᶃᴾᵰᶃᶊᵿᶒᶇᶍᶌᶑᶆᶇᶎᶑᵐ๋ᚐ᣽ᵋЎ‫ן‬Ⴛ᧙ࣱᴾฎ⌮䜺䝇䛾ᣢ䛴㧗䛔ᅽຊ䜶䝛䝹䜼䞊䜢⥔ᣢ䛧䛯≧ែ䛷㻯㻻㻞䛾ศ㞳䞉ᅇ཰䛜ྍ⬟䛺㧗ᛶ⬟䛺㧗ᅽ෌⏕ᆺ໬Ꮫ྾཰ᾮ䛾㛤Ⓨ䜢㐍䜑䛶䛔䜎䛩䚹㻌㻾㻵㼀㻱䛷䛾⊂⮬㛤Ⓨ䛻䜘䜛㧗ᅽ෌⏕ᆺ໬Ꮫ྾཰ᾮ䛾᪂つ㛤Ⓨ䞉㧗ᛶ⬟໬䛾᳨ウ䛸ඹ䛻䚸Ẹ㛫௻ᴗ䛸䛾ඹྠ◊✲䛻䜘䜛ᐇ⏝໬᳨ウ䜢✚ᴟⓗ䛻᥎㐍䛩䜛䛣䛸䛻䜘䜚䚸ୡ⏺᭱㧗䝺䝧䝹䛾ᛶ⬟䜢ᣢ䛴㧗ᅽ෌⏕ᆺ໬Ꮫ྾཰ᾮ䜢ୡ⏺䛻Ⓨಙ䞉ᥦ᱌䛧䛶䛔䛝䜎䛩䚹㻌᪂䛧䛔㻯㻻㻞ศ㞳䞉ᅇ཰⭷ᢏ⾡㻌䠉⤒῭ⓗ䛺㻯㻻㻞๐ῶ䜢┠ᣦ䛧䛶䠉㻌஧㓟໬Ⅳ⣲ᅇ཰㈓␃䠄㻯㻯㻿䠖㻯㼍㼞㼎㼛㼚㻌 㼐㼕㼛㼤㼕㼐㼑㻌 㻯㼍㼜㼠㼡㼞㼑㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㻿㼠㼛㼞㼍㼓㼑䠅ᢏ⾡䛿䚸㇏䛛䛺⤒῭䜢ಖ䛱䛺䛜䜙䚸㻌పⅣ⣲♫఍䜢ᵓ⠏䛩䜛䛯䜑䛾䝤䝸䝑䝆䞁䜾䝔䜽䝜䝻䝆䞊䠄ḟୡ௦䜈䛾ᶫΏ䛧䛾ᢏ⾡䠅䛷䛩䚹㻯㻯㻿㻌䝁䝇䝖䛾㐣༙䜢༨䜑䜛㻯㻻㻞䛾ศ㞳䞉ᅇ཰䝁䝇䝖䛾పῶ䛿䚸Ẽೃኚືၥ㢟䛾⦆࿴䛻኱䛔䛻ᙺ❧䛱䜎䛩䚹㻌㻾㻵㼀㻱䛷䛿䛣䛾䝁䝇䝖䜢༙ศ௨ୗ䛻䛩䜛᭱ඛ➃ศ㞳⭷ᢏ⾡䛾㛤Ⓨ䛻ྲྀ䜚⤌䜣䛷䛔䜎䛩䚹㻌ჽ໗ỾἋ҄໐Ẇ‫ټ‬໱ỾἋဋễỄẦỤỉᵡᵭᵐЎᩉὉ‫ׅ‬ӓᴾ▼Ⅳ䜺䝇໬⅔䚸ኳ↛䜺䝇⏣䛺䛹䛛䜙䛿ຍᅽ䛥䜜䛯䜺䝇䛜᤼ฟ䛥䜜䜎䛩䚹䛣䜜䜙䜺䝇䛛䜙㻯㻻㻞䜢ศ㞳䞉ᅇ཰䛩䜛䛯䜑䛾⭷䛾㛤Ⓨ䜢㐍䜑䛶䛔䜎䛩䚹㻌㻵㻳㻯㻯㻵㻳㻯㻯㻌㻯㻻㻞ᅇ཰タഛ㫽▔ᅗ㻌㻌 ⥳Ⰽ䛾㒊ศ䛜⭷ศ㞳タഛ㻌ẐЎ‫܇‬ἄὊἚೞᏡẑỉ᧏ႆᵆኺฎငಅႾ‫ۀ‬ᚠἩἿἊỹἁἚᵇᴾ䛆┠ⓗ䛇㻌 ᅽຊ䜢᭷䛩䜛䜺䝇䛛䜙䚸㻯㻻㻞䜢ศ㞳䞉ᅇ཰䛩䜛⭷ศ㞳ᢏ⾡䛾☜❧䜢┠ᣦ䛩䚹㻌 㻔䜽䝷䝺䚸᪥ᮾ㟁ᕤ䚸᪂᪥㚩ఫ㔠䜶䞁䝆䚸㻾㻵㼀㻱䛷䛂ᢏ⾡◊✲⤌ྜ䛃䜢స䜚ᐇ᪋䠅㻌䛆┠ᶆ䛇㻌 ศ㞳ᅇ཰䝁䝇䝖పῶ㻌 㻝㻘㻡㻜㻜෇㻛㼠㻙㻌㻯㻻㻞㻌௨ୗ㻌 㻌 㻌 㻌 㻌 㻌 㻌 㻌 㻌 䛆ᡂᯝ䛇㻌 ศᏊ䝀䞊䝖ᶵ⬟㻯㻻㻞ศ㞳⭷䛾ୡ⏺䝖䝑䝥䛾ศ㞳ᛶ⬟㻌

3$0$0ࢹࣥࢻ࣐࣮ࣜ࡜&2ࡢ┦஫స⏝ࢆ฼⏝ࡋࠊศᏊࢧ࢖ࢬࡢᑠ
ࡉ࠸+ࡼࡾࡶศᏊࢧ࢖ࢬࡢ኱ࡁ࡞&2ࢆ㑅ᢥⓗ࡟㏱㐣ࡉࡏࡿ࡜࠸࠺≉ᚩࢆᣢࡘ࢞ࢫศ㞳⭷ࠋ㻯㻻㻞㻌㻺㻞䚸㻴㻞㼑㼠㼏㻚㻌

CO2ୡ⏺䝖䝑䝥䛾ศ㞳ᛶ⬟

0.7 MPa1ẁ䝥䝻䝉䝇㐩ᡂ㡿ᇦ
1ẁ䝥䝻䝉䝇㐩ẁ䝥䝻䝉䝇㐩

H2, N2౪⤥ഃ㻌㧗㻌ᅽຊ㻌H O
R N C O

HN R
HH

H O
R N C O

HN R
HHCO2ప㻌㻯㻻㻞㻌㏱㐣ഃ㻌㻼㻭㻹㻭㻹㻌䝕䞁䝗䝸䝬䞊㻌
H2NN
HHN

H2NOONONON
HNH2ẁ䝥䝻䝉䝇㐩ᡂ㡿ᇦẁ䝥ẁ䝥䝻䝥䝻䝉䝇䝉䝇䝇㐩ᡂ㡿ᇦ䝇㐩ᡂ㡿

HCO3R NH2

H2N R

H O
R N C OH
N R
HHCO2NH2NH2㻴㻚㻌㻸㼕㼚㻌㻮㻚㻌㻲㼞㼑㼑㼙㼍㼚㻌
㼑㼠㻌Science,㼍㼘㻚㻘㻌㻿㼏㼕㼑㼚㼏㼑㻘㻌㻟㻝㻝㻘㻌㻢㻟㻥㻙㻢㻠㻞㻌
H. Lin B. Freeman㻌 et㻌 al.,311, 639-642

㻯㻻㻞ᅛయ྾཰ᮦ㻌䠉㻯㻯㻿ᢏ⾡䛾┬䜶䝛䝹䜼䞊໬䜢┠ᣦ䛧䛶䠉㻾㻵㼀㻱䛷䛿䚸䛣䜜䜎䛷䛻⵳✚䛧䛶䛝䛯໬Ꮫ྾཰ἲ➼䛾㻯㻻㻞ศ㞳ᅇ཰ᢏ⾡䜢䝧䞊䝇䛻㻯㻻㻞㧗ຠ⋡ᅇ཰䞉ప䜶䝛䝹䜼䞊ᾘ㈝ᆺ䛾ᅛయ྾཰ᮦ㛤Ⓨ䜢ᐇ᪋䛧䛶䛔䜎䛩䚹㻯㻯㻿䝁䝇䝖䛾㐣༙䜢༨䜑䜛㻯㻻㻞ศ㞳ᅇ཰䝁䝇䝖䛾పῶ䛿䚸ᆅ⌫ ᬮ໬䛻㛵୚䛩䜛㻯㻻㻞᤼ฟ㔞䛾኱ᖜ๐ῶ䛻㈉⊩䛧䚸ᡃ䛜ᅜ䛜┠ᣦ䛧䛶䛔䜛పⅣ⣲♫఍䛾ᵓ⠏䛻኱䛔䛻ᙺ❧䛱䜎䛩䚹㻌CO2ศ㞳ᅇ཰䜶䝛䝹䜼䞊[GJ/t-CO2]ᅛయ྾཰ᮦ䛾ᮦᩱ㛤Ⓨ䜰䝭䞁㻌䠄྾཰๣䠅㻌㻌+ከᏍ㉁ᨭᣢయ㻌㻌ᅛయ྾཰ᮦ5ᅛయ྾཰ᮦ䛿䚸㻯㻻㻞྾཰๣䛷䛒䜛䜰䝭䞁䜢ከᏍ㉁ᨭᣢయ䛻ᢸᣢ䛧䛯ᅛయ䛷䛒䜚䚸䜰䝭䞁྾཰ᾮ䛸㢮ఝ䛾㻯㻻㻞྾཰≉ᛶ䜢᭷䛧䛺䛜䜙྾཰ᾮ㢧⇕䜔⵨Ⓨ₯⇕䛾኱ᖜపῶ䛜ᮇᚅ䛷䛝䜎䛩䚹㻌㻾㻵㼀㻱䛷䛿䚸⤒῭⏘ᴗ┬䛛䜙ጤク䛥䜜䛯஧㓟
໬Ⅳ⣲ᅛయ྾཰ᮦ➼◊✲㛤Ⓨ஦ᴗ䛻䛚䛔䛶㻯㻻㻞ศ㞳ᅇ཰䜶䝛䝹䜼䞊㻨㻝㻚㻡㻌㻳㻶㻛㼠㻙㻯㻻㻞䜢┠ᣦ䛧䛶䚸◊✲㛤Ⓨ䜢㐍䜑䛶䛔䜎䛩䚹㻌䠖⵨Ⓨ₯⇕䠖㢧⇕䠖཯ᛂ⇕

4
3
2
10MEAᾮRITEᾮ

ᅛయ྾཰ᮦ
䠄┠ᶆ䠅

㧗⬺㞳ᛶ
⬺㞳ᛶ⬟

᪂つྜᡂ䠖ィ⟬ண䠖ᐇ୙ᏳᐃᏳᐃ䜹䝹䝞䝯䞊䝖Ᏻᐃᛶ
2 R1R2NH + CO2 я R1R2NCOO- + R1R2NH2+CO2྾཰䞉⬺㞳㔞[mol/kg]྾཰䞉⬺㞳㔞[mol/kg]㻌

ィ⟬໬Ꮫ䜢ά⏝䛧䛯㧗ຠ⋡ᅇ཰ᆺ䜰䝭䞁䛾᥈⣴5ᅛయ྾཰ᮦ䛾CO2྾཰≉ᛶ㻾㻵㼀㻱䛿䚸ィ⟬໬Ꮫ䜢ά⏝䛧䛶䚸᪂つ䛺䜰䝭䞁྾཰๣䜢᥈⣴䛧䚸ప ෌⏕ྍ⬟䛺㻯㻻㻞㧗ຠ⋡ᅇ཰ᆺ䛾ᅛయ྾཰ᮦ䜢స〇䛩䜛䛣䛸䛻ᡂຌ䛧䜎䛧䛯䚹⌧ᅾ䛿䚸ᮏᮦᩱ䛾䝥䝻䝉䝇ᛶ⬟ホ౯䜢㐍䜑䛶䛔䜎䛩䚹౯䜢㐍䜑䛶䛔䜎䛩䚹㻌䜎䛯䚸ᮏᮦᩱ䛿᭷ே㛢㙐✵㛫⏝䛺䛹䛾෌⏕ᆺ㻯㻻㻞྾╔๣䛸䛧䛶䛾⏝㏵ᒎ㛤䜒᳨ウ䛧䛶䛔䜎䛩䚹㏵ᒎ㛤䜒᳨ウ䛧䛶䛔䜎䛩䚹㻌

4
3
2
10

ᕷ㈍䜰䝭䞁

᪂つྜᡂ䜰䝭䞁

䠖྾཰䠄40rC᧥

䠖⬺㞳䠄40rCᇬ䂪⦶᧥䠖⬺㞳䠄40rCᇬ䂪⦶᧥᧥▼Ⅳ䝪䜲䝷䞊
⵨Ẽ䝍䞊䝡䞁

⇞↝᤼䜺䝇㞟ሻ⬺◲
CO2ศ㞳ᅇ཰

྾཰ᾮ

CO2௨እ
CO2

ᅛయ྾཰ᮦ

CO2ᅇ཰䛻䜘䜛Ⓨ㟁ຠ⋡䛾పୗ[%]䝅䝇䝔䝮䝺䝧䝹䛾ᛶ⬟ホ౯ᡭἲ㛤Ⓨ
12ᅛయ྾཰ᮦ ྾཰ᾮ

10864

䕱2%

RITE
Ref.

2

1

2
3
4CO2ศ㞳ᅇ཰䜶䝛䝹䜼䞊[GJ/t-CO2]5ᑠᆺ㐃⥆ᅇ཰ヨ㦂䜢⾜䛔䚸ᅛయ྾཰ᮦ䛾䝥䝻䝉䝇ᛶ⬟䜢ホ౯䛩䜛䛸䛸䜒䛻䚸Ⓨ㟁䝅䝇䝔䝮䝺䝧䝹䛷䛾䝥䝻䝉䝇䝅䝭䝳䝺䞊䝍䜢ᵓ⠏䛧䚸CO2ศ㞳ᅇ཰ᢏ⾡䛜Ⓨ㟁ຠ⋡䛻୚䛘䜛ᙳ㡪䜢ホ౯䛧䛶䛔䜎䛩䚹