௧࿴ 2 ᖺᗘ⮬↛⅏ᐖ◊✲༠㆟఍ ໭ᾏ㐨ᆅ༊ࣇ࢛࣮࣒ࣛ 㛤ദሗ࿌㹼Ꮿᆅ㐀ᡂ┒ᅵࡢ⿕⅏࣭ಖ඲࠿ࡽ⪃࠼ࡿᆅᇦ㜵⅏ࡢ࠶ࡾ࠿ࡓ㹼
Report on the Hokkaido Regional Forum of the Natural Disaster
Research Council in 2020
The Necessity of Local Communities for Disaster Prevention
Based on Damage and Conservation of Residential Embankmentᕝᑼ ᓧ୕ 11㸪໭ぢᕤᴗ኱Ꮫ ᆅᇦ࡜Ṍࡴ㜵⅏◊✲ࢭࣥࢱ࣮ ࢭࣥࢱ࣮㛗
Shunzo Kawajiri1
1㸪Director of Research Center for Strategic Assistance in the Prevention of Floods,
Earthquakes and Regional Hazards (SAFER), Kitami Inst. of Tech.

Abstract
This report describes the Hokkaido Regional Forum of the Natural Hazards ResearchCouncil in 2020 Fiscal year. In the forum, a keynote lecture was given on the damage ofresidential embankment in Sapporo City caused by 2018 Hokkaido Eastern Iburi Earthquake.
In the panel discussion, the outline of liquefaction damage caused by past earthquakes, thelatest trend of investigation of residential embankment, and the necessity of localcommunities for disaster prevention were discussed.
Key Words: residential embankment, earthquake, liquefaction, local communities࣮࣮࢟࣡ࢻ㸸Ꮿᆅ㐀ᡂ┒ᅵ㸪ᆅ㟈㸪ᾮ≧໬㸪ᆅᇦࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸ࢕1㸬ࡣࡌࡵ࡟௧࿴ 2 ᖺᗘ⮬↛⅏ᐖ◊✲༠㆟఍ ໭ᾏ㐨ᆅ༊ࣇ࢛࣮࣒ࣛࡀ௧࿴ 3 ᖺ 3 ᭶ 25 ᪥࡟໭ぢᕤᴗ኱Ꮫ࡛᪂ᆺࢥࣟࢼ࢘࢕ࣝࢫࡢឤᰁ≧ἣࢆ⪃៖ࡋ㸪⫈ㅮ⪅ࡣ࢜ࣥࣛ࢖ࣥฟᖍ࡟㝈ᐃࡋ࡚㛤ദࡉࢀࡓ㸬ࣇ࢛࣮࣒ࣛࡢࢸ࣮࣐ࡣ㸪Ꮿᆅ㐀ᡂ┒ᅵࡢ⿕⅏࣭ಖ඲࡜ᆅᇦ㜵⅏ࡢ࠶ࡾ࠿ࡓ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚࡛࠶ࡿ㸦ᅗ1㸧㸬2018 ᖺ࡟Ⓨ⏕ࡋࡓ໭ᾏ㐨⫹᣺ᮾ㒊ᆅ㟈࡛ࡣ㸪ཌ┿⏫ࢆ୰ᚰ࡜ࡋࡓᆅᇦ࡛ࡢᗈᇦ࠿ࡘ኱つᶍ࡞ᩳ㠃ᔂቯ࡜ᮐᖠᕷࡢᏯᆅ㐀ᡂ┒ᅵ࡛ࡢ኱つᶍ࡞ᆅ┙ỿୗ࡟ࡼࡿ⏒኱࡞ఫᏯ⿕ᐖࡀⓎ⏕ࡋࡓ㸬ᮏࣇ࢛࣮࣒ࣛࡣ㸪Ꮿᆅ㐀ᡂ┒ᅵ࡟╔┠ࡋᏯᆅ┒ᅵࡢ኱つᶍ⅏ᐖ࠿ࡽࡢ᚟⯆ࡢ≧ἣࡸ㸪ࡑࢀࢆཷࡅ࡚௒ᚋࡢ࣮࢜࣍ࢶࢡࡦ࠸࡚ࡣ໭ᾏ㐨࡛ࡢᆅ㟈࡬ࡢഛ࠼ࢆཧຍ⪅࡜㆟ㄽ࣭ඹ᭷ࡋ㸪ᆅᇦఫẸࡢ㜵⅏ព㆑ࡢྥୖࢆ┠ᣦࡍ┠ⓗ࡛㛤ദࡋࡓ㸬୍⯡⫈ㅮ⪅ࡣ࢜ࣥࣛ࢖࡛ࣥࡢཧຍ࡜ࡋࡓࡵ㸪ᮾிࡸ኱㜰࡞࡝໭ᾏ㐨እ࠿ࡽࡢฟᖍ⪅ࡸ㸪㛤ദᆅ࡛࠶ࡿ໭ぢᕷ㏆㞄ࡢ໭ᾏ㐨㐨ෆࡢ⮬἞య࠿ࡽࡢཧຍ⪅ࡶ࠶ࡾ㸪70 ྡ௨ୖࡢ᪉ࠎ࡟ࡈ⫈ㅮ㡬࠸ࡓ㸬

29

2㸬ࣇ࢛࣮࣒ࣛࡢᴫせࣇ࢛࣮࣒ࣛ㛤ദ࡟ඛ❧ࡕ㸪⮬↛⅏ᐖ◊✲༠㆟఍໭ᾏ㐨ᆅ༊ࡢᢸᙜ⪅࡜ࡋ࡚㸪໭ぢᕤᴗ኱Ꮫ ᆅᇦ࡜Ṍࡴ㜵⅏◊✲ࢭࣥࢱ࣮ࡢ᪩ᕝ ༤ᩍᤵࡼࡾᣵᣜࡀ࠶ࡗࡓ㸬ࡑࡢᚋ㸪ᮏࣇ࢛࣮࣒ࣛࡣ஧㒊ᵓᡂ࡛㛤ദࡋࡓ㸬➨୍㒊࡛ࡣ๓ ᮐᖠᕷᘓタᒁᕷ⾤ᆅ᚟ᪧ᥎㐍ᐊ࣭໭ぢᕤ኱ᆅᇦ࡜Ṍࡴ㜵⅏◊✲ࢭࣥࢱ࣮ ᐈဨᩍᤵࡢ㡲ᚿ⏣ ೺Ặ㸦㛤ദᙜ᫬ࡢࡈᡤᒓ㸧ࢆ࠾ᣍࡁࡋ㸪ᇶㄪㅮ
₇ࢆ㈷ࡗࡓ㸬ᇶㄪㅮ₇࡛ࡣ 2018 ᖺ⫹᣺ᮾ㒊ᆅ㟈࡛Ⓨ⏕ࡋࡓᮐᖠᕷΎ⏣༊㔛ሯᆅ༊ࡢᏯᆅ㐀ᡂ┒ᅵ࡛Ⓨ⏕ࡋࡓᾮ≧໬࡟ࡼࡿ኱つᶍ࡞ᆅ┙⿕ᐖ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚㸪⿕⅏ࡢ≧ἣ㸪ᆅ┙ㄪᰝࡢ⤖ᯝ㸪᥎ᐃࡉࢀࡿ⿕⅏࣓࢝ࢽࢬ࣒㸪࣓࢝ࢽࢬ࣒ࢆ཯ᫎࡋࡓᑐ⟇ᕤࡢᐇ᪋≧ἣ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ヲ⣽࡞ࡈㄝ࣭᫂ࡈሗ࿌ࡀ࠶ࡗࡓ㸬➨஧㒊࡛ࡣ㸪ᇶㄪㅮ₇ࢆ㡬࠸ࡓ㡲ᚿ⏣Ặ࡟ຍ࠼࡚㸪኱つᶍ㐀ᡂ┒ᅵࡢኚືணㄪᰝ࡟⾜ᨻ࡜ࡋ࡚ᦠࢃࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ໭ぢᕷィ㒔ᕷィ⏬ㄢᅗ1 ࣇ࢛࣮࣒ࣛࡢࣇࣛ࢖࣮ࣖಀ㛗 ⚟ᓥ ṇ༤ Ặ㸪໭ᾏ㐨㐨ෆࡢ」ᩘࡢ⮬἞య࡛ࡢ኱つᶍ㐀ᡂ┒ᅵኚືணㄪᰝ࡟᭷㆑⪅࡜ࡋ࡚ᦠࢃࡗ࡚࠸ࡿᐮᆅᅵᮌ◊✲ᡤ ᐮᆅᆅ┙ࢳ࣮࣒ ୺௵◊✲ဨ ᶫᮏ ⪷ Ặ㸪㛤ദᆅᇦ崊崗嵒嵓ഝࡢ໭ぢᕷ࡟࠾࠸࡚⏫ෆ఍࡛ࡢ㜵⅏ព㆑ྥୖ࡟ྲྀࡾ⤌ࢇ࡛࠾ࡽࢀࡿ໭ぢᕷ୕㍯ගᰤ఍఍㛗࣭㜵⅏ኈ ᶲ 㑥ᙪ Ặ㸪໭ぢᕤᴗ኱Ꮫᆅᇦ࡜Ṍࡴ㜵⅏◊✲ࢭࣥࢱ࣮࡟ᡤᒓࡋ࡚┒ᅵࡸ⮬↛ᆅ┙ࡢᾮ≧໬ࡢ◊✲ࢆ⾜ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿᒣୗ ⪽ ᩍᤵࡢ4 ྡࢆࣃࢿࣜࢫࢺ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡈⓏቭ㡬ࡁ㸪➹⪅ࡀࣔAI岶ఃൗ岿島峉ৈਃચwebভ৮৷崓嵉嵑‫ق‬崓嵉嵑峘਱岷岶৅੉঻峕਱岻峐ঽ৿峑જ峴౹岲‫ك‬

ᅗ2
 ࣃࢿࣝࢹ࢕ࢫ࢝ࢵࢩࣙࣥࡢᐇᐇ᪋≧ἣࢹ࣮ࣞࢱ࡜࡞ࡗ࡚ࠕᏯᆅ㐀ᡂ┒ᅵࡢ⿕⅏࣭ಖ඲ࢆᆅᇦ㜵⅏࡟⏕࠿ࡍ᪉⟇ࠖ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚㆟ㄽࡋࡓ㸬࡞࠾㸪ࣃࢿࣝࢹ࢕ࢫ࢝ࢵࢩ࡛ࣙࣥࡣ఍ሙ࡟࠾࠸࡚༑஧ศ࡞ឤᰁ⑕ᑐ⟇ࢆ⾜࠸㸪ࣃࢿࣜࢫࢺࡣᑐ㠃ᙧᘧ࡛ࢹ࢕ࢫ࢝ࢵࢩࣙࣥࡋࡓ㸦ᅗ 2㸧㸬ᒣୗඛ⏕࠿ࡽࡣ㸪ᮐᖠᕷ࡛㉳ࡁࡓⅆᒣ⅊㉁┒ᅵ࡟࠾ࡅࡿᾮ≧໬⿕ᐖ࡜ྠᵝࡢ⿕ᐖࡀ 2003 ᖺ༑຾Ἀᆅ㟈ࡢ㝿࡟࣮࢜࣍ࢶࢡᆅᇦ࡛ࡶⓎ⏕ࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࡇ࡜ࡀሗ࿌ࡉࢀࡓ㸬⚟ᓥಀ㛗࠿ࡽࡣ㸪⌧ᅾࡢ໭ぢᕷ࡛ࡢᏯᆅ⪏㟈໬᥎㐍஦ᴗࡢ᪉㔪࡜ྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳ౛࡟㛵㐃ࡋ㸪㐣ཤ࡟኱ࡁ࡞ᆅ㟈⿕ᐖࡀ↓࠸࡜ᆅ᪉㒔ᕷ࡜ࡋ࡚஦ᴗࡢ㐍ࡵ᪉ࡢ⪃࠼᪉࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ሗ࿌ࡀ࠶ࡗࡓ㸬ᶫᮏ୺௵◊✲ဨ࠿ࡽࡣ㸪໭ᾏ㐨࡟࠾ࡅࡿ኱つᶍ㐀ᡂ┒ᅵࡢኚືணㄪᰝࡢ᭱᪂ືྥ࡜㸪᪂ࡓ࡞ᆅ┙ㄪᰝᡭἲࡢά⏝஦౛࡟ࡘ࠸࡚⤂௓ࡀ࠶ࡾ㸪ᮍ⿕⅏⟠ᡤࡢ೺඲ᗘุᐃࡀㄢ㢟࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀሗ࿌ࡉࢀࡓ㸬ᶲ఍㛗࠿ࡽࡣ㸪ᆅᇦ࡛ࣞ࣋ࣝ⮬↛⅏ᐖ࡟ഛ࠼ࡿᥦ᱌࡜ࡋ࡚ᆅᇦࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸ࢕ࡢ㔜せᛶ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚㸪᪥ࠎࡢ஦౛ࢆᇶ࡟30০঩峘崽崑嵤嵑嵈岵峳੭峉ਞ峏岷‫؟‬峨峒峫ঽஃ‫؟‬ঽী峘ଅ৉峘ਛ峴য়峋峼ੴ峵 ঽী峘ଅ৉峘ਛ峴য়峋峼ੴ峵 ╒ পૠெୗਛాଅ嵆崫崿‫؜‬崷崞嵤崱嵆崫崿峔峓 峹岵峳峔岮峒岷峙嵣嵣嵣৉ೕ৹ਪ峼峁峍岵峴峃峵 ╒ ਈ੺峑峙ଅ৉峼භো৐峕৹ਪ੥ટ峼ઇ岲峐岹島峵 嵒崡崗岶岬峴峇岰峔峒岷峕峙଻য峑峑岷峵ৌੁ峼‫ ╒ آ‬৉ೕ੝ଐ峮৉൜৳૫峘஋ா৓峔ણ৷ਁஃ‫؟‬ষ৆峕峲峵৹ਪ‫ق‬௏೨൧૵‫ك‬ ણ৷峑岷峵৉ೕ৹ਪ্১峙஋ா৓峕ਹ৷峃峵 ╒ ৹ਪ੥ટ峘ન২峼૘峁峑峬঱岼峵 ৹ਪ੥ટ峙৞ෟ岵峎ഛႠ峕કড়峢ହ৥ ╒ કড়岶嵒崡崗ુથ峃峵峉峫峘੦ຊੲਾુஃ‫಼଺؟‬嵒崡崗峘ુથ ଅ৉峙଻য峘ਚથ੟峑岬峵岶‫؜‬કড়৸৬峘ੈৡ૮峁峕峙ৌੁ峙ਤ峨峔岮 ╒ ਘಕ峔৉ୠ崛嵇嵍崳崮崋 ଺಼峁峉峒岷峘ଫ਋୮೮峕ᇽ岼峵 ╒ ଻য峑峙峔岹岣৉ୠ岤峼୮೮嵣୮௪峕਱岻峵಼૩峕ৌ峃峵嵒崡崗峼ુથ峃峵峉峫峘કড়嵣৉ୠ崛嵇嵍崮崋峘৴௚岶૑೼৉ୠ峼ਬ峍୑峵ଆ಼য౫峘୘ਛ ╒ ৉ୠ峑峘ଆ಼૒ുਛ峮প৾ਃঢ়峑峘য౫྇ল৉੪প৾峒峘৴௚崡崕嵤嵈峼ણ岵峅峵ষ৆૿ਊ঻

2021.3.25 15:00~ ഥਮ2ফ২ঽே಼૩峕ঢ়峃峵崒嵤崿嵛崽崑嵤嵑嵈 ୧৉ୗਛాଅ峘଺಼嵣৳৸岵峳અ岲峵৉ୠଆ಼峘岬峴岵峉12ᅗ3 ࣇ࢛࣮࣒࡛ࣛ
࡛ᚓࡽࢀࡓ▱ぢࡢྲྀࡾࡲ࡜ࡵࡓ

ࡋࡓၥ㢟ᥦ㉳ࡀ࠶ࡗࡓ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪ᇶㄪㅮ₇⪅࡛࠶ࡿ㡲ᚿ⏣ᢸᙜㄢ㛗࠿ࡽ㸪ᮐᖠᕷΎ⏣༊㔛ሯᆅ༊࡛ࡣ⿕⅏๓࠿ࡽఫẸ㛫࡛ࡢ㏆ᡤ௜ࡁྜ࠸ࡀάⓎ࡟⾜ࢃࢀ࡚࠾ࡾ㸪ࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞ᆅᇦࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸ࢕
ࡢᙺ๭ࡀ᪩ᮇ᚟ᪧࢆࢫࢱ࣮ࢺ࡛ࡁࡓせᅉࡢ୍ࡘ࡛࠶ࡿ࡜ࡈሗ࿌ࢆ㡬࠸ࡓ㸬ࡉࡽ࡟ྛࣃࢿࣜࢫࢺ
ඹ㏻ࡢࡈពぢ࣭ㄢ㢟ព㆑࡜ࡋ࡚㸪ᆅᇦࡢ኱Ꮫ࡟ࡣᆅᇦࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸ࢕ࡢᙧᡂࡸࡑࡢ㜵⅏ព㆑ྥୖ
࡟㈨ࡍࡿேᮦ⫱ᡂ࣭㍮ฟࢆᮇᚅࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜ࡢࡈⓎゝࡀ࠶ࡾ㸪᭱⤊ⓗ࡟ࡣᅗ 3 ࡟♧ࡍࡼ࠺࡟ᮏࣇ
࢛࣮࣒࡛ࣛᚓࡽࢀࡓ▱ぢ࡜ࡋ࡚ྲྀࡾࡲ࡜ࡵࡓ㸬ࣃࢿࣝࢹ࢕ࢫ࢝ࢵࢩࣙࣥ⤊஢ᚋࡣ㸪࢜ࣥࣛ࢖࡛ࣥཧຍࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ᪉ࠎ࠿ࡽࡢ㉁␲࣭ᛂ⟅ࢆ⾜࠸㸪ࣇ࢛࣮࣒ࣛࢆ⤊஢ࡋࡓ㸬

3㸬࠾ࢃࡾ࡟
௧࿴ 3 ᖺ 12 ᭶ 21 ᪥࡟ෆ㛶ᗓࡣ㸪໭ᾏ㐨࠿ࡽᮾ໭ࡢኴᖹ⏝Ἀ࡛Ⓨ⏕ࡀண᝿ࡉࢀࡿ᭱኱ᆅ㟈ࡢ⿕ᐖ᝿ᐃࢆබ⾲ࡋࡓ㸬ᮾ໭ᆅ᪉ኴᖹὒἈᆅ㟈࡟༉ᩛࡍࡿ࣐ࢢࢽࢳ࣮ࣗࢻ 9 ࢡࣛࢫࡢᆅ㟈࡟ࡼࡗ࡚Ⓨ⏕ࡍࡿὠἼ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚㸪19 ୓ 9 ༓ேࡀṚஸࡋ㸪ࡑࡢ 7 ๭ࡀ໭ᾏ㐨ࢆ༨ࡵ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬≉࡟෤ࡢ῝ኪ࡛
ࡣ᭱኱ 10 ୓ேࡀṚஸࡍࡿ࡜ࡢ᝿ᐃ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬᫖௒࡛ࡣ 2016 ᖺ໭ᾏ㐨㇦㞵⅏ᐖࡸ 2018 ᖺ໭ᾏ㐨⫹᣺ᮾ㒊ᆅ㟈࡟ࡼࡿ⿕⅏࡟ࡼࡗ࡚໭ᾏ㐨㐨Ẹࡢ㜵⅏ព㆑ࡣ࠿ࡘ࡚࡞࠸࡯࡝࡟㧗࠸≧ែ࡟࠶ࡿ࡜➹⪅ࡣಙࡌ࡚࠸ࡿࡀ㸪ୖ㏙ࡢ᝿ᐃࡣ࠿ࡘ࡚࡞࠸࡯࡝ࡢᅜ㞴⣭ࡢ⅏ᐖࡀ໭ᾏ㐨࡟ษ㏕ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆព࿡ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞ࡇ࡜ࢆ㚷ࡳࡿ࡜㸪ᮏࣇ࢛࣮࣒࡛ࣛᚓࡽࢀࡓᆅᇦࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸ࢕ࡢ㜵⅏ព㆑ࡢࡉࡽ࡞ࡿྥୖ࡟㈨ࡍࡿᮏࣇ࢛࣮࣒ࣛࡢࡼ࠺࡞άືࢆ⏘ᐁᏛࡀ୕఩୍య࡜࡞ࡗ࡚☜ᐇ࡟᥎㐍ࡍࡿᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿ࡜ゝ࠼ࡼ࠺㸬31