Recommendationsof theEU-Japan Business Round Table
to the Leaders of the European Union and Japan
7 November 2023

Working Party 3
Digital Innovation and Mobility

Working Party Leaders:Mr. Philippe GODBOUTManaging Director
Dassault Systèmes K.K.

Mr. Hidenori Furuta
Representative Director, COO
Fujitsu Limited

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List of Abbreviations
Abbreviation
AI
BASA
BRT
DPA
DX
DFFT
EASA
EPA
EU
GDPR
GX
ICT
IFR
IoT
ITA
JISC
MC
MRO
NIS
RE
SME
R&D
WP
WTO

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Meaning
Artificial Intelligence
Bilateral Aviation Safety Agreement
EU-Japan Business Round Table
Data Processing Agreement
Digital transformation
Data Free Flow with Trust
European Aviation Safety Agency
Economic Partnership Agreement
European Union
General Data Protection Regulations
Green transformation
Information & Communications Technology
Instrument Flight Rules
Internet of Things
Information Technology Agreement
Japanese Industrial Standards Committee
Ministerial Conference
Maintenance, repair and overhaul
Network Information Security
Renewable energy
Small and Medium-sized Enterprise
Research and Development
Working Party
World Trade Organization

Introduction
Digital Innovation
The global challenges facing the world are complex and interrelated. Collaboration
between the public and private sectors of Japan and the EU, which sharefundamental values, is more important than ever when advancing the developmentof a safe and secure digital society, solving global environmental problems, andimproving people’s wellbeing. Considering the geopolitical tensions, the viewpoint of
economic security is also necessary to advance digital transformation. By theconventional approach, CO2 consumption is expected to increase as digitisation
proceeds, and environmental considerations must be considered. Based on thisrecognition, Japan and the EU should promote policy coordination with the three axesof DX (digital transformation), GX (green transformation) and economic security inmind. In addition, Japan should promote cooperation not only with the EU but alsowith other G7 member countries, and with the Global South countries.
The BRT believes that building social acceptance among stakeholders including
citizens, business and organisations across countries and sectors is essential toachieving digital transformation through the social implementation of digitaltechnologies. It is necessary for society to properly understand the technologies andenhance the social implementation and application of new technologies. The BRT believes
that everyone can benefit from digital transformation by engaging in open
discussions with stakeholders, including civil society.
The BRT recognises and highly appreciates that EU-Japan cooperation on digitalissues is advanced by the Japan EU Joint Statement of the first meeting of the JapanEU Digital Partnership Council in July 2023.
The BRT also welcomes the G7 Ministerial Declaration of the April 2023 G7 Digital& Technology Ministers’ Meeting.
The BRT acknowledges that the EU and Japan recognise the importance ofpromoting the free flow of data with trust in companies and society.
The BRT is also supporting initiatives that aim to build digital sovereignty and believes
it should not be a tool for protectionism which prevent market access for companies
and investments on new technologies and R&D project and programmes such as
Horizon Europe, Digital Europe and other Public/Private initiatives.
In Cybersecurity and other key topics such as Artificial Intelligence, it is important towork together on best practices that are shared as de facto standards and applicable
at international level. The same goes for regulatory cooperation and mutual support
on R&D investments and programmes following some good initiatives between the
EU and Japanese Government.
Additionally, digital innovation and artificial intelligence developments have steadily
gained traction in the last few years. While the EU and Japan have acknowledged
and supported this domain, many barriers remain for SMEs including start-ups in that
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space who wish to expend abroad. Reinforced initiatives and support should beconsidered to help them fully develop and mature while promoting a more connected
and developed ecosystem, providing stronger growth potential and opportunities.

Aeronautics
The Covid-19 pandemic has had a huge impact on passenger air transport and amore limited impact on airfreight. Consequently, demand for aircraft has decreased,
impacting aeronautics industries. Return to the pre-Covid-19 situation will probably
take a few years.
That said, EU and Japanese industries are major suppliers to the global aeronautics
market. Both, however, are challenged by aggressive new entrants. In this context,
joint technology and project development is necessary for both sides to maintain theirtechnological leadership and competitiveness.
In the perspective of the post-Covid-19 world economic recovery that will spur
aircrafts demand, more government-led cooperation and continued support fromboth authorities is needed to help the EU and Japanese aircraft industries bring tofruition the development of their relationship while meeting the EU’s environmental,social, and safety requirements.
Space
EU and Japanese space industries are major suppliers of space products and services.
The global commercially accessible space market is expected to grow.
However, as government budgets remain low and competition increases, mutually
open markets and cooperation are a possible opportunity for the EU and Japan toachieve their goals in space and for their industries to realise their full potential in the
global market. We urge the resumption of meetings of the EU-Japan Space Dialogue
on a regular basis in order to collaboratively accelerate this dialogue to make theJapanese and EU space industry more competitive.
Mobility
The transformation of the mobility industry towards decarbonisation and digitisation
requires technological innovation and both public and private investment. To reduce
excessive dependencies from third countries or regions, diversification and strategiccooperation among like-minded partners like the EU and Japanese authorities andbusinesses is required.
For electric vehicles (EVs), targeted funding for battery technology development,
production, and recycling, including a stable and sustainable supply of critical minerals,
and governmental support in setting up and sustaining the development of charging
infrastructure is required.

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To achieve a holistic long-term CO2 reduction in the transport sector, considerable
amounts of renewable energy are needed. This requires an ambitious expansion ofrenewables, quick approval procedures and the expansion of electricity grids. In the
future, green electricity must be available to companies in the EU and Japan atinternationally competitive prices.
Interconnected, highly automated and, in the future, autonomous vehicles have thepotential to make traffic safer, cleaner and more efficient. For the new technologies, aclear, adequate and harmonised legal framework is indispensable, which includes
ethical aspects in product development and addresses product and road safety as wellas the data protection interests of users for data collection and use. Furthermore,adjustment of the infrastructure towards greater interconnection is helpful andincreases comfort – for example, a comprehensive, uninterrupted, fast radio network.
This also includes measures such as digital city maps and clearly legible road markings
and traffic signs. The licensing of data from vehicles and their use for service andinnovation will become an important new business model. EU and Japanese mobility
companies are counting on the active support of the EU and Japanese Authorities to
set the necessary regulatory framework for this transformation.

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Recommendations from Both
European and Japanese Industries
Digital Innovation
WP-3 / # 01* / EJ to EJ

Strengthening EU-Japan Cooperation to Realise DFFT

A) Cooperation in Rulemaking on Global Digital Trade
The BRT calls on the EU and Japanese Authorities to:•

Stay committed to free trade and multilateralism and develop a high standard, suchas cross-border data flows, prohibition of data localisation requirements especiallyusage or location of computing facilities in a jurisdiction’s territory as a condition
for conducting business in that territory, and access requirements of source codes
and algorithms, non-discriminatory treatment of digital products. Exceptions andexclusions may be applied for sensitive and strategic data.

•

Ensure that the moratorium on customs duties on electronic transmissions will be
extended at the forthcoming WTO 13th Ministerial Conference in Abu Dhabi in
February 2024, and made permanent.

•

Pursue their work together to conclude an ambitious agreement on the Joint
Statement Initiative on WTO rules on e-commerce, so as to secure the strongest
possible commitments for confronting barriers to trade and facilitating thedevelopment of strong, interoperable regulatory frameworks in areas like privacy
and cybersecurity.

•

Work together with industry and like-minded governments to address third-country
policies and practices that create unfair competitive conditions, such as unfairly
limiting data movement, distorting subsidies, unreasonably enforced data
localisation measures, other requirements for using local servers and software,requirements for transferring and accessing sensitive information such as source
code, algorithm and encryption, and unrestricted and disproportionate access bygovernments to personal data held by private companies.

•

Cooperate in the development of government access rules for personal data heldby the private sector.

•

Work with industry and like-minded governments to craft a balanced approach tomultiple sector data flows in trade agreements and international frameworks thatguarantees a high level of data protection and allows in-vehicle, mobility, andindustry data to flow freely across borders to realise Data Free Flow with Trust(DFFT). Ensure consistency with international standards for cross-border dataexchange (flows) rather than developing original standards.

•

Cooperate in the OECD on the establishment of the IAP (Institutional Arrangement
for Partnership).

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The BRT believes that:•

The thirteenth WTO Ministerial Conference (MC13) will be a crucial meeting for
driving the global digital trade rule negotiation.

•

Agreement of the EU-Japan EPA and adoption of mutual adequacy decisions forthe protection of personal data provide unique building-blocks for the EU andJapan to advance a common agenda at global level. In addition to mutuallypromoting digital innovation and transition, efforts to promote digital trade rules atthe WTO and in FTAs are necessary to support level playing fields and long-term
growth perspectives.

WP-3 / # 01* / EJ to EJ

Strengthening EU-Japan Cooperation to Realise DFFT

B) Cooperation through EPA and Digital Partnership between Japan and the EU
The BRT congratulates the EU and Japanese Authorities for having reachedagreement on the free flow of data between the EU Japan. Such an agreement is vitalfor companies that depend on free data flows between our two regions. Moreover, theBRT welcomes the Joint Statement 1 of the first meeting of the Japan-EU DigitalPartnership Council in July 2023.
The BRT calls on the EU and Japanese Authorities to:•

Ensure that the recently announced agreement on EU-Japan data flows cover both
personal and non-personal data and is implemented as soon as is practicable. Itis, furthermore, essential that such an agreement is future proof.

•

Pursue the dialogue between the two regions in the Digital Partnership to create
mutual understanding of current and future regulatory frameworks including: data
governance and rules including IoT data, open data, and standards, aiming for
future cooperation and agreement in the regulatory cooperation framework of the
EPA to eliminate legal uncertainties and complexities associated with thedecentralised data sharing across sectors and regions. In this sense the DigitalPartnership could closely support the EU-Japan Green Alliance’s objectives anddrive green transformation (GX).

•The BRT calls on the European Commission and Japanese Government tocoordinate the Digital Partnership governance by connecting all related initiatives
and projects and by allowing European and Japanese companies to strongly
contribute to the DPA development by providing input on priorities, business casesand specific needs from industry side.

1

https://ec.europa.eu/newsroom/dae/redirection/document/96836
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WP-3 / # 02* / EJ to EJ

Support for Social Implementation of Digitaltechnologies

The BRT calls on the EU and Japanese Authorities to:•

Take strong leadership on forming data ecosystems and data spaces to achieve
policy goals such as green, health and mobility.

•

Promote cross-regional projects by enabling interoperability that promote a datadriven economy through decentralised data sharing. Future Digital Europe
Programme calls should foresee cooperation between European and Japanesecompanies in the development of Data Spaces.

•

Data formats should be standardised as far as possible using the same format toachieve the interoperability of data ecosystems between the EU and Japan.

The BRT believes that:•The EU and Japanese Authorities are actively working to open data, but there areseveral countries and regions which are reluctant to open data. When DFFT will
be expanded to all countries, the format must be as much as possible neutral inorder to communicate effectively. From that time, it will be difficult to use different
data formats in each country.

WP-3 / # 03* / EJ to EJ

Cybersecurity for Safe, Secure and Trusted Society

The BRT calls on the EU and Japanese Authorities to:•

Pursue international harmonisation in the field of cybersecurity, in particular thealignment between the EU cybersecurity certification schemes and Japan’s
regulatory cybersecurity framework and the integration of international standards
including on the certification and labelling of IoT devices and services.

•

Take the lead on introducing new security technologies for the quantum computerage.

•

Promote mutual adoption of technologies, products and services between the EU
and Japan for the introduction of new security technologies in the quantum
computer era.

The BRT believes that:•

Security is necessary as a precondition for creating value in cyberspace and therealisation of digital transformation. Without taking appropriate measures, however,
the risks of increasing vulnerability might hold it back, or even seem to outweighits benefits.

•

Cybersecurity policy should be built on a shared responsibility in private and public
sectors.

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Page 8 of 21•A global coordinated approach is effective in coping with high-level attacks. An
information-sharing scheme with regards to security incidents should be createdbetween the national contact points in each EU Member State based on the NIS
and NIS2 directives on the one hand and Japan on the other.

•

The European Commission should work to ensure a harmonised implementationof NIS2 in the Member States.

•

The EU’s approach to establishing cybersecurity certification schemes for ICT,
Cloud, AI and 5G would be a great benefit to developing a safer society where IT
is penetrating and indispensable. Having said that, the EU should make full use ofand, if needed, amend existing regulations to the minimum extent so that industry
can comply with new regulations without any unnecessary burdens. For low-risk
products, regulations should allow for self-assessment and self-declaration. In
addition, whether new cybersecurity schemes would be mandatory or not shalldepend on the risk level which also makes us believe that it must be clearly definedwhat cybersecurity risks are in products/services or usage scenes.

•

The advent of the quantum computer age is expected to make existing
cryptography obsolete. New security technologies for the quantum computer age
are now in the stage of practical application, and the introduction of thesetechnologies will benefit both the public and private sectors. The EU and Japan
should further promote technological cooperation as trusted partners.

WP-3 / # 04* / EJ to EJ

Social Implementation of human-centred AI
Technology

The BRT calls on the EU and Japanese Authorities to:•

Support, develop, and implement human-centred, trusted AI applications to protect
citizens' fundamental rights.

•

Recognise that AI technologies are evolving and require ongoing discussion efforts,
and that innovative governance with agility and flexibility is needed to encourage
innovation and to avoid and mitigate negative impacts on society. Recognising that
discussions on AI regulation are progressing in the EU, regulatory measures
should be limited to AI applications that create truly serious risks, while ensuring
legal stability and predictability while clarifying the scope of regulations, theirrationale, and methods for measuring and assessing risks.

•

Avoid imposing responsibilities of risk management and legal liability only on AI
system developers, recognising the facts that AI technology itself is neutral andcan be both a problem and a solution depending on how it is used.

•

Strengthen cooperation on AI standardisation between the EU and Japan (JISC),
promote the development and deployment of human-centred and reliable AI in bothregions, and cooperate with international standards organisations (ISO/IEC JSC).
A key area for cooperation should be the development of accurate standardisation
framework for ethical AI applications.
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•

Avoid policies that pre-emptively restrict or prohibit potentially beneficial AI
applications, including remote biometrics, without clear evidence that specific AI
applications pose high risks to safety, health and fundamental rights.

•

Enable broad AI application testing across different use cases and businesssectors to ensure positive impact and reduce negative impact of AI applications.

•

Enhance open and transparent dialogue with citizens of all generations andsegments to avoid misunderstandings and highlight the social benefit of AI.

•

Build bridges and links between existing public institutions and networks tocentralise key information and facilitate SME expansion into new markets whenaddressing innovative topics (Example: establish, hire, or introduce a subsidiary).

The BRT believes that:•

Discussions about the potential risks of AI applications have only just begun invarious industries, and it is premature to expect convergence. The concept of “risk”
varies across industries and should be consistent with existing concepts. However
we must be very careful in how we classify Artificial Intelligence on various
technologies and ensure only systems that are truly AI should be classified as such.
It is essential for European and Japanese to have stable legal certainty andpredictable market conditions which are aligned and synchronised.

•

Artificial Intelligence has the potential to bring innovation to our roads, increasing
road safety and making our transport system more accessible.

WP-3 / # 05 / EJ to EJ

ITA / ITA2 Expansion

The BRT calls on the EU and Japanese Authorities to:•

Cooperate on expanding ITA / ITA2 by increasing the number of member countries
and expanding the scope of products covered and coordinate in coping withviolations of WTO binding commitments by third countries based on ITA / ITA2
expansion.

•

Furthermore, the expansion of ITA should enable citizens of Japan and the EU tobenefit from the evolving IoT technology and DX, including AI.

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WP-3 / # 06 * / EJ to EJ

Updating Connectivity for Digital Transformation foAll

The BRT calls on the EU and Japanese Authorities to:•Strengthen cooperation between the EU and Japan in advanced research anddevelopment towards 6G.

•

Promote open 5G networks, encourage free and vigorous competition in the 5G
equipment market, and enhance the resilience of the supply chain.

•

Facilitate the sharing of practical and effective use cases for 5G network
applications and deployments. In the development of 6G, it is necessary to
promote the development of technologies and applications that will be realised on
6G in parallel.

The BRT believes that:•

Ensuring availability of high speed and reliable connectivity for all is a necessary
condition so that all citizens are able to enjoy the benefits of the digitaltransformation.

•

5G and expected 6G are key technologies for accomplishing “Society 5.0” such as“A human-centred society that balances economic advancement with theresolution of social problems by a system that highly integrates cyberspace andphysical space”2. Governments and the EU institutions should establish without
delay policy frameworks to encourage the necessary investment from businesses
and to ensure that trustworthy, open and secure 5G/6G infrastructure as well as
optical networks that support these 5G/6G infrastructure will be available to all ona sustainable and market-oriented basis.

•

5G and 6G have important consequences in all fields of industry not only forinnovative services, but also because of the need for a vast amount of relevant
and trustworthy data as well as their analysis are required across borders to tackle
various global challenges such as climate change, natural disasters and infectious
diseases.

2

Source: https://www8.cao.go.jp/cstp/english/society5_0/index.html
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WP-3 / # 07 / EJ to EJ

Development of Next-Generation Computing
Infrastructure

The BRT calls on the EU and Japanese Authorities to:•

Promote the development of next generation computing infrastructure that can beused for industrial purposes.

•

Strengthen research collaboration between Japan and the EU on next generation
computing technologies such as quantum computing.

•Strengthen investment towards development and social implementation ofsolutions that contribute to solving local problems by utilising the next generation
computing infrastructure.

•

Work on lowering the regulatory barriers in order to tap into the full technologicalpotential in the context of quantum computing and quantum chip development andproduction.

The BRT believes that:•As the global environment becomes increasingly uncertain and social issues
become more complex, it is becoming more and more important to utilise a variety
of data to solve problems and create new value.

•

Establishing next generation computing platforms with advanced computing
capabilities, such as HPC, AI, pseudo quantum, and quantum computing; andcreating an environment that can be used by many users will greatly contribute tosolving complex social issues and realising innovation.

WP-3 / # 08 * / EJ to EJ

Cooperation on Supply Chain Resilience

The BRT calls on the EU and Japanese Authorities to:(Semiconductors)•

Become an ‘active player’ in the semiconductor value chain and build the wholeecosystem of capacities (front-end, back-end, equipment, materials, labour andenergy) / competences around semiconductors.

•

Share learning and build capacities for EU-Japan cooperation in the manufacturingof all types of chip technologies.

(Critical Minerals)••

Share learnings and build capacities for EU-Japan cooperation in the sourcing,refining, and trading of critical minerals.
Promote a level playing field for EU and Japanese companies when it comes tosupply chain resilience.

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The BRT believes that:•

Global semiconductor demand is increasing significantly. Demand by theautomotive sector will triple by 2030 due to autonomous driving, increasing vehicle
connectivity, shared services and powertrain electrification. Besides state-of-theart cutting-edge technologies, chips with bigger nodes (≥90 nm) are essential as
they represent the largest share of demand from automotive sector.

•

The transformation of the mobility and other industries requires a stable andsustainable supply of critical minerals (for e.g., batteries, advancement of key
technologies). To reduce excessive dependencies on certain countries,
diversification and strategic cooperation among like-minded countries are required.

WP-3 / # 09 * / EJ to EJ

Skill Development for Digital Economy

The BRT calls on the EU and Japanese Authorities to:•

Take actions and invest to raise awareness and educate for all generations to gain
benefits and confidence in digital transformation including on cyber security, AI,
Robotics Simulation, Metaverse and Blockchain and other technologies .

•Support the creation of the skills which are necessary to fulfil the requirements of
the new job opportunities coming from new technologies.

•

Foster the digitalisation of SMEs and their participation in the digital economy.

The BRT believes that:•

New technologies such as AI and Robotics should be perceived as newopportunities to create jobs and economic growth.

WP-3 / # 10 / EJ to EJ

Fundamental Reform of the Private Copying Levy
System (Compensation System for Private)

The BRT calls on the EU and Japanese Authorities to:•

Cooperate to thoroughly reform the levy system about private copying considering
the evolution of technology and distribution channels for lawful consumption ofdigital contents. Expansion of the current levy system to an increasing number ofdevices and cloud services should be avoided. Instead, any new levy system must
be based on independent studies that show the actual use of copyrighted works
and demonstrate the harm to the right holders resulting from the use.

The BRT believes that:•

Any review for reform should consider, in a comprehensive manner, alternative
methods available to secure adequate compensation of rights’ holders andcreators from private copying as well as the development of licensed cloud-based
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content streaming models. The goal should focus on reforming the system to be
more transparent, predictable, and balanced, and to avoid distortions. Also, a new
system shall be fair to consumers, rights holders, and service and equipment
providers at the same time. To achieve these goals, we recommend:•

Keeping a close look on copyright levy developments in the EU Member Stateswith a view to prevent internal market distortions.

•

Ensure that the Member States properly implement EU legislation and case law.

•

Coming forward with a recommendation for a clear and common approach tothe calculation and application of copyright levies.

WP-3 / # 11 * / EJ to EJ

R&D cooperation

The BRT calls on the EU and Japanese Authorities to:•Strengthen strategic R&D cooperation in the EU’s digital programme including
Horizon Europe and Japan’s Sixth Science, Technology, and Innovation Basic Plan.

•

Lead the integration of various academic fields including humanities and social
sciences, the creation of a forum for collaboration including human resource
exchange, and international standardisation. to realise innovation development andsocial implementations under these programmes.

•

Promote the creation and development of start-up ecosystems, including local
communities, universities, and companies, and strengthen global partnerships increating environments for start-up growth.

•

Deepen R&D cooperation on semiconductors, AI, Quantum Technology computing,blockchain, 6G, hydrogen and fuel cells.

•

Discuss Japan becoming an associate member in the Horizon Europe program.

The BRT believes that:•

Modern social systems are becoming more complex, and solving problems
requires knowledge that is not confined to a single discipline or research area. In
particular, collaboration between researchers in the natural sciences andengineering as well as those in the humanities and social sciences will lead to theresolution of social issues and the creation of new innovations.

•Start-ups are pioneers in transforming society through technological innovationand solving social issues. By strengthening cooperation between Japan and the
EU to support the creation and development of globally viable start-ups, innovationin both regions should accelerate.

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WP-3 / # 12 / EJ to EJ

Cooperation Towards Harmonised Deployment ofAdvanced Driver Assistant Systems (ADAS) and
Automated Driving (In joint proposal with WP1Regulatory Cooperation)

The BRT calls on the EU and Japanese Authorities to:•

Enhance cooperation to harmonise regulatory frameworks and roadmaps to deploy
automated and connected driving in a consistent and synchronised manner.

•

Continue to lead efforts to create international standards and interoperability
frameworks in the domain of automated and connected driving.

•

Align with the EU’s General Safety Regulation and its delegated regulations onIntelligent Speed Assistance (ISA), Emergency Lane Keeping Assistance (ELKS)
and Advanced Driver Distraction Warnings (ADDW)The BRT believes that:•

European and Japanese Industry have the potential to be front-runners in
automated and connected driving which can create jobs and growth and bringinnovation to our roads, increasing road safety and making our transport system
more accessible.

•

For European and Japanese companies to invest in automated and connected
driving and bring solutions to the market it is necessary to have stable legal
certainty and predictable market conditions which are aligned and synchronised.

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Aeronautics
WP-3/ # 13 / EJ to EJ

Government-Led Industrial Cooperation in
Aeronautics

The BRT calls on the EU and Japanese Authorities to:•

Establish a permanent dialogue aiming to significantly upgrade the scale of EUJapan industrial cooperation in aeronautics based upon mutual trust, equality andmutual benefits, and stimulated by government funding. This should include broadcooperation on environmental issues, such as sustainable fuels.

WP-3 / #14 / EJ to EJ

Cooperation in Aircraft Certification

The BRT calls on the EU and Japanese Authorities to:•

Accelerate the discussion of the annexes linked to MRO and training.

WP-3 / # 15 / EJ to EJ

Cooperation on Navigation Regulations for
Helicopters

The BRT calls on the EU and Japanese Authorities to:•

Establish an increased level and better cooperation between Europe and Japan
regarding the development of low altitude IFR routes and satellite-basednavigation regulations for helicopters.

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SpaceWP-3 / # 16 / EJ to EJ

Regulatory Cooperation in Space Operations

The BRT calls on the EU and Japanese Authorities to:•Continue to cooperate closely on regulatory matters in the space sector, and notlose the momentum.

•

Consider setting up an EU-Japan Space Industry Forum to meet systematicallyshortly after each EU-Japan Space Dialogue and to be supported and jointly heldby governments and industries, with the goals of:•Better communicating key outcomes of the EU-Japan Space Dialogue;•

Furthering industrial cooperation; and•Supporting the growth of a private space ecosystem.

The BRT believes that:•

Mutually open markets and cooperation are a possible opportunity for the EU andJapan to achieve their goals in space and for their industries to realise their fullpotential in the global market.

•

The EU-Japan Space Policy Dialogue significantly promotes cooperation in Spaceand should be held a regular basis.

•

Whereas European space companies, including SMEs, have mutuallyintercommunicating organisations (Eurospace, SME4space, national spaceindustry associations) with formal communication channels to the institutional
space customers, there is no such general channel to link EU and ESA member
state space companies with the Japanese counterparts.

WP-3 / # 17 / EJ to EJ

Technological and industrial cooperation on Japaneseand European next generation of launch vehicles

The BRT calls on the EU and Japanese Authorities to:•Strengthen technological and industrial cooperation in the framework of thedevelopment of the products and services related to space sector including next
generation launch vehicles.

The BRT believes that:•

There is a similarity regarding the environment surrounding Japanese andEuropean national launchers: Both have the responsibility vis-à-vis each
respective government to guarantee an independent access to space and due toinsufficient institutional demands, both must be commercially competitive in orderto maintain a sufficient number of launches.
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Due to rapidly emerging new satellite applications, continuous improvements are
required for both the Japan and the EU in order to be competitive in the commercial
market. As a lot of similar hardware developments are required in such
improvements, Japan-EU cooperation is indispensable in quick and cost-effective
developments.

Mobility
WP-3 / # 18 / EJ to EJ

Coordinated funding of battery production

The transformation of the mobility industry requires innovation and investment inbattery technology. In order to reduce dependencies and remain internationallycompetitive, targeted funding is required.
The BRT calls on the EU and Japanese Authorities to:••

Coordinate funding of battery research, development, and production among likeminded countries which supports cell production and associated value creation in
the EU and Japan.
Provide cheap, green energy for battery production sites.

WP-3 / # 19 / EJ to EJ

Promote charging infrastructure for electric vehicles(EVs)

Electric mobility requires governmental support in setting up and sustaining thenecessary environment, especially the development of charging infrastructure.
The BRT calls on the EU and Japanese Authorities to:•••Share learnings regarding the promotion of electric mobility and the mobilisation of
investment and build-up of international interoperable public and private charging
infrastructure for EVs (passenger cars and heavy-duty vehicles).
Develop customer-friendly and sufficient public and private charging
infrastructures, including, e.g., a variety of choices for high-power charging along
highways, subsidies for attractive home chargers, chargers in urban and rural areasincl. parking lots, subsidies regardless of charging standard, in EU member states
and Japan.
Promote exchanges between EU and Japanese companies on future charging
standards and consider alignment of charging-related requirements andcertifications.

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••Promote exchanges on next-generation storage batteries and grid-flexibility,
including potentials of bidirectional EVs.
Provide green energy for EV charging.

WP-3 / # 20 / EJ to EJ

EU-Japan industrial leadership in battery design &manufacturing

The BRT calls on the EU and Japanese Authorities to:•

Include innovating SMEs in battery industry development programs to foster
European & Japanese industrial leaderships (RE technology in Japan, RE
production capacity in Europe).

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Recommendations from
European Industries
WP-3 / # 21 / E to J

Mutual Backup of Government Satellite Launches

The BRT calls on the Japanese Authorities to:•Bring about a mutual backup cooperation scheme of government launches using
Japanese and European launcher fleets.

The BRT believes that:•

The International Space Station future automated cargo spacecraft HTV-X could
benefit from a back-up launch service aboard the future European Ariane 6 launchvehicle.

WP-3 / # 22 / E to J

Accelerate the digital transformation

The BRT calls on the Japanese Authorities to:•

See innovation as an opportunity and not as a cost.

•

Build digital maturity centres to support the transition to be competitive again. For
example, establish inside universities centre with repeatable process to validate
actual status versus the latest technologies in R&D and manufacturing, building aroad map to fill the gap

The BRT believes that:•Japan is behind everybody in digital transformation, losing competitiveness; needs
to understand the current best practices and merge with Japanese excellence torecover market share.

WP-3 / # 23 / E to J

Retain motivated engineers in JapanThe BRT calls on the Japanese Authorities to:•

Increase the value of living in Japan in order to attract the best talents.

The BRT believes that:•

Low compensation will let talents to go outside, so need to be aligned with theglobal market.

Working Party 3: Digital Innovation & Mobility
EU-Japan BRT 2023 Recommendations Report
Page 20 of 21

WP-3 / # 24 / E to J

Cooperation towards a protective but easy to
implement regulatory frameworks around digital
services and trade

The BRT calls on the Japanese Authorities to:•

Adopt similar environmental and consumer protection rules to the European Union,enabling Japanese small, medium-sized and large businesses to maximise thedevelopment of digital service and promote trade, particularly online, between
Japan and the European Union.

The BRT believes that:•

In a very fast-expanding legal context, notably in the digital sector or in the sale ofgoods online and offline, the compliance and regulatory framework actuallydeveloped by the European Union around the notion of “risk” such as in the AI
domain or in the environmental domain (see the fragmented and complex EPR
framework in the EU) should not lead to greater complexity in the free movementof goods between the EU and Japan, nor should it render the compliance of players
in different EU countries geometrically variable, which could lead to a reduction in
the willingness to develop digital services within the EU or reduce the willingnessof Japanese economic operators to trade in Europe.

Working Party 3: Digital Innovation & Mobility
EU-Japan BRT 2023 Recommendations Report
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