論文の内容の要旨
Abstract of Dissertation

論文題目

Title of Dissertation

The method of Urban Conservation and Integrated Historical Settings
with Reuse of Collective Industrial Heritage in Treaty Port Cities−Focusing on the Urban Conflicts in Jemulpo of Incheon (Junggu and Donggu)
開港都市における産業遺産と再活を通じた都市保存手法と連携的な歴史景観形成に関する研究（仁川の 旧濟物浦-中区と東区-の葛藤を中心として）氏

名Name of Author

南 知 賢
NAM

Jee HyunPurpose of Thesis
The purpose of this research is to clarify the valuable industrial heritages remained in Open port city, Old Jemulpo ofIncheon in the perspective of finding out collective industrial heritages which have been formed in the network withrelevant facilities in the relation with citizen movement and valuable historical settings. To find out the historicalmeaning and social value of Junggu and Donggu’s industrial heritages, actual assessment based on residents’ opinion
was very critical as industrial heritages have been scattered and mixed with citizen life. The notion of ‘Integrated
historical Setting’ can give the specific viewpoint to consider the industrial heritages in organic connection between
industrial heritage, relevant facilities and laborers’ life. This approach shows possible way of finding applicable
method of conservation specialized for industrial heritages of open port cities in excavating the valuable industrial
routes and historic districts which can be adaptable for future conservation plan of Incheon.
Background
Many Industrial Heritages are located in the old trading area especially in treaty port city. After opening port, treaty
port cities have been transformed by adjusting themselves over a century and generated their identical cultureand organic urban structures. Changes of Industry gave a remarkable influence on restructuring urban structures
surrounding industrial heritages and have built identical Spatial Integration of historical settings surrounding industrial
heritages. Storages and Factories of Industrial districts which were built in modernization period, started to be reducedin cities as corporations moved their manufactures to developing countries or rural area of countries with cheaperlabor. As a result, many industrial heritages, which didn’t get proper assessment and evaluation from the view point ofutilization in the aspect of integration with urban resources, have been easily demolished and damaged by owners.
Industrial Heritages are facing the reforming moment to adapt themselves following urban needs and it is necessary to find the way to utilize them considering Integration between industrial heritages and urban resources.
Industrialization has three different meaning which can be differentiated from general meaning of modernization.
Firstly, Industrialization uses their own materials and urban resources which can be strong points compared to othercountries and show the new technology to use the existing materials and urban resources. Secondly,
Industrialization has been controlled by technology and economical situations. So, in the place of industrialization,
there were strong conflicts causing from up-down relationship between laborers and owners. As another point,
Industrialization has been involved with the citizen life deeply, especially working class. Concerning culturalmodernization and industrial modernization are the inevitable two faces of procedure of open port’s modernization, it
should be carefully considered to decide and designate the historic district being able to show the identical life oflaborers and citizen. Many of Asian cities have been colonized in the modernization period and they have establishedtheir own ways of industrialization and modernization. Among the open port cities of East Asian countries, Incheonshows the extreme case of having conflicts between foreign settlement and historic residential district. Most ofregistered heritages could be found in the old foreign settlement area and cultural historic district was designatedrecently. In the other hand, old residential district of dong-gu area meets the situation of being disappeared with theredevelopment project initiated by Incheon metropolitan government. These unbalanced approaches to urban
conservation have generated citizen movement historically and resistant movement against current redevelopment
plans.
Specialty of this research
The investigation on Jung-gu’s cultural properties has been done by many previous and reports from Inchoen
metropolitan city and Incheon development Institute. In the mean time, the researches on donggu area are hardly
found and it is difficult to recognize the historic meaning of laborers life in the connection with Junggu area’sforeigners’ life. Basically, previous researches focused on investigation of single buildings without consideration on
the identical features of industrial heritages having organic connection with other urban resources and citizenmovement. As the identical way of defining the industrial heritages’ features, we suggested the conservation planning
method to set up the ‘Integrated historical Setting’ finding out organic connection between industrial heritage andurban resources in the perspective of citizen movement. “Integrated conservation” is the notion which has beensuggested by the Convention from Council of Europe for strategy of conservation for cultural properties in thenetwork with local resources such as nature environment, infrastructures and local resources as well as historicalresources. In the thesis, the meaning of “Integrated historical setting” is the historical approach on industrial heritages
as the collective forms having the organic relativity with other urban resources and citizen. Especially these integrated
historical settings of industrial heritage have been showing the laborer’s life and involvement of citizen movement.
Methodology of this research
The methodology of this research can be divided into following four ways. The first way is the actual assessment on
industrial heritages remained Incheon’s Jung-gu and Dong-gu District based on historical data, reports fromgovernment and museum, collecting archives from historical data office, and newspaper information from
Daejoongilbo, Donga Ilbo, Seoul Newspaper which has been published in Incheon. The second way is Mapping thehistorical transformation of Incheon City from historical maps from Inchoen Museums. In order to find the historicalvalue of districts of Incheon, this research investigated the historical records and implemented the chronologicalmapping investigation using historical maps of every 10 years(from 1980s to 1950s)which were offered from Incheon
metropolitan Museum. The third way was to participate on the Field Study Group of Incheon Museum. Incheon
Metoropolitan Museum is offering the field study meeting to professional tour guides and have regular field trip tovisit the historic districts and investigate historical data on the information of that cultural properties. Finally, the otherway was Interviews with long term residents to check the actual location of historic records and the meaning of thecultural properties for residents.
Structures of this researchChapter2, 3 ‘s contents are the preliminary research before going to analyze the main body of Inchoen’s industrial
heritage. They are largely divided into the current situation of conservation management of industrial heritage and theexamples of foreign examples including reuse of industrial heritages in asian opening port cities.
In chapter 2, in order to understand the current situation of industrial heritages in open port cities, the issues of urban
disjunction caused between foreign settlement area and residential area are dealt importantly. As one of solution tofind out the way of urban conservation in balanced way, we investigated the previous international meeting andcommittee of UNESCO and ICOMOS. And we found that the conservation concept has been transformed from thesingle conservation to integrated conservation in the perspective of consideration of environment, social and culturalcontext. This integrated conservation is the starting point of the notion, integrated historical setting, which is main
viewpoint of this thesis looking at industrial heritages.
In chapter 3, we implemented Comparative research on East Asian open port cities of China, Japan and Korea. Thiscould show the shared issues of how industrial heritages have been organically connected to urban resources as well
as differences features of what kinds of factors are showing their own local identity in open port cities. Here, as for
similar features, Industrial heritages located in the convenient junction of infrastructures(railroads, streets ) andCultural and entertainment facilities are found in the junction area between foreign settlement and residential area.
Especially, collective forms of Industrial Heritages could show the identical procedure of Modernization in the linkwith Industrial Heritages, infrastructures, residential Area, social involvement for utilization. In the other hand, wecould understand that differences of treaty could have affected on the generation of disjunction between foreign
settlement and residential area. In particular, Korean’s Foreign Settlement area and Local residential Area have beendeveloped in unbalanced way.
In chapter4, we try to find what kinds of factors were involved to establish this urban disconnection and social
conflicts focusing on industrial development which were generated over times. We investigated the transformation ofdevelopment of heritage conservation in Korea and the recent policies which are mainly government initiative
conservation projects focusing on the reuse of industrial heritages in Incheon. We could understand current problems
on unbalanced conservation policy between Junggu and Donggu with excessive approach on district designation andlack of assessment on the relativity between existing Industrial Heritages conservation and citizen movement focusedon scattered single buildings.
Chapter 5 is about the urban planning and historical mapping we have analyzed the industrial transformation from
historical maps from opening port to 1950s.(1895,1905,1915,1926,1930,1950, Maps from Incheon Metropolitan
Museum). From this mapping analysis, we could realized the expansion of Incheon city have strong relationship withthe changes of industry and facilities to support industry. Also, we found out the Relativity between Industrial Processof Modernization and Chronological Citizen Movement have generated Integrated Historical Setting toward town
making. The chronological procedure of citizen movement related to industrial heritages were found like this ; 1)
Motivation (From Placeless to Public), 2)Functional(From Individual to Union), 3)Improvement (From Social Issues
to Local Issues), 4)Conservation(From local welfare to Conservation Movement), 5)Utilization- Toward Town
Making. In particular, utilization procedure was found following 5 steps; 1) Basic conditions for Life - Medical,Hygine, 2) Environmental Conservation, 3) Life quality, 4) Citizen Culture for diversity, 5) conservation of HistoricContext
Chapter6 shows current Conflicts on conservation policy for cultural properties and the reuse of industrial heritage inJunggu and Donggu. There are new policies to show the effort to deal with industrial hertiages in the perspective toutilize them as cultural use in Junggu called Artplatform. However, the problems we found from current projects wereexcessive dependence on district designation which caused the disjunction between Junggu and Donggu distirct. Fromthe investigation on the active citizen involvement on donggu area, we could ensure that Industrial Heritage can offer
Socio-Cultural Buffering Zone between Old city center and Modernized District/ Past and Future’s Needs/ Political
Power and Citizen Involvement Platform. Reuse of Industrial heritages gave the chance to promote the citizen
involvement integrated with artists and experts for future needs in the balance between Junggu and Donggu.
And chapter 7 offered the new perspective to find the connective routes with investigating integrated historical setting
surrounding industrial heritages especially by the primary industry of Incheon. From here, we could suggest theconnective routes between Junggu and Dongg area solving the probrom of local disjunction by finding out therelativity between industrial heriatges and surrounding environment and the background supporting to certain industry.
6 different types of Integrated historical settings based on representative industries of opening port period of Incheon
as followings; 1)Rice industry-Integrated historical Setting to show full set of Industrial Process of rice industry withlaborers movement at that times. 2)Fishing industry -Integrated historical Setting to show the treaty port landscapeshowing fishers and laborers life 3) Ice industry- Integarted Historical Setting to show the cultural junction ofmodernization. 4) Brown Sauce industry- Integrated Historical Setting to show functional complex of commercial andentertainment 5)Brewing industry- Integrated Historical Setting to show the modern citizen life with chronologicalcitizen movement. 6)Trading Industry- Integrated Historical Setting to show the foreign settlement and Tradingindustry .
Result of this research
As final academic results, we could find the identical meaning of industrial heritages in Inchoen and the method ofurban conservation with utilization of industrial heritages by finding out the integrated historical setting in open port
city. We could suggested the industrial heritage lists, the valuable historical spots of industrial heritages of Junggu andDonggu, and the evaluation factors which can be useful as the basic data for further designation or registration ofindustrial heritage. These integrated historical settings of industrial heritage have been especially transformed in

the relativity of industrial procedures, organic growth of related facilities, human activities, and the utilization ofindustrial heritages. And Industrial Heritages has transformed from the working place to integrated historical settings
having organic connection with citizen activities showing identity of local context with 4 stages: 1) Transformation ofUrban structures by Attached facilities 2) Changes of Industry causing decline of old CBD 3) Changes of human life4) Utilization of industrial heritages toward town planning. The notion of ‘Integrated Historical Setting’ can give thespecific viewpoint to consider the industrial heritages in organic connections among industrial heritages, relevantfacilities and laborers’ lives in the perspective of chronological industrial procedure and mechanism. Integrated
Historical Settings of Industrial heritages have been generated with chronological citizen movement in the relativity
between industrial heritages and other related facilities in Incheon. And the utilization of industrial heritages became
the motivation to promote the citizen involvement. Chronological Conflicts between Power of Authority andChronological Citizen movement and the cultural integration with changes of environment became the reason of effort
to generate Integrated Historical Setting surrounding industrial heritages toward town-making. Specifically, featuresof Industrial heritages could be summarized as transformation of Industry, Decentrality, Connectivity, Vulnerability,Collectivity, Labour-Intensitve. And the features of Industrial heritages specialized in Open port cities could befound as Subjectivity, Duality, Chronological Conflicts of Powers, Mobility, Industrial Landscape, Diversity ofculture. Based on these features, utilization of Industrial Heritage could offer the key to buffer the contradiction
between Conservation and Redevelopment with inclusive participation of various urban actors.