Heading
Nippon Denko Compendium

January 2024
© 2024 Nippon Denko Co., Ltd

0

Contents◼ Company Overview◼ Functional Materials

Company Overview ………………………………………………………………….…....…....

3

Functional materials products list ………………………………………………………….

18

Businesses and products .……………………………………………………….……………..

4

Zirconium oxide .…..………………………………………………………………………………..

19

History of Nippon Denko ……………………………………………………………………….

5

Boron oxide …….……………………………………………………………………………………..

20

Metal hydride alloy………………………………………………………………………………...

21

Ferroboron …………………………………………………………………………………………….

22

Manganese inorganic chemical products………………………………………………..

23

Cathode materials for lithium-ion batteries …………………………………………..

24◼ Ferroalloys
What are ferroalloys?
Ferroalloys, an essential material for steel ..………………………..…………….
How are ferroalloys made? …………………………….………………………………….
Global crude steel production by country and ferroalloy production
by product ………………………………………………………………………………………….

7
8

9

Ferroalloy production in Japan: Ferromanganese is produced
domestically ……………………………………………………………………………………….

10

Manganese ore: Ferroalloy’s raw material, global production andtrading volume …………………………………………………………………………………..

11

Ferroalloy market prices and manganese ore prices ……………….………….

12

Business strategy of Nippon Denko

Incineration ash recycling business ……………………………………………………...

13

Low-carbon ferromanganese (SLP)……………………….…………………..………...

14

Resource strategy and optimal location are the ways to win out overrivals …………………………………………………………………………………………………

15

Kudumane manganese mining area …………………………………………………

16

26◼ Aqua Solutions
Aqua solutions business ……………………………………………………………………...

27◼ Electric PowerElectric power business ………………………………………………………………………...

Ferroalloys business of Nippon Denko ……………………….…………………..…..

© 2024 Nippon Denko Co., Ltd◼ Incineration Ash Recycling

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1Chapter heading

Company Overview© 2024 Nippon Denko Co., Ltd

2

Company Overview◼ Established

October 1925

◼ Head Office

1-4-16, Yaesu, Chuo-ku, Tokyo■ Head Office, Manufacturing Bases
Myoko Plant:
Functional materials
Toyama Plant (Imizu area):
Functional materials◼ Employees

950 : Consolidated / 616 : Non-consolidated◼ Businesses

Ferroalloys / Functional Materials /Incineration Ash Recycling / Aqua Solutions /Electric Power◼ Group Affiliates

6 domestic / 2 overseas affiliates◼ ScaleFY2022 (Consolidated)◼ Stock

Koriyama Plant: Aqua solutions

Kashima Office: Incineration ash recycling
Chuo Denki Kogyo Co., Ltd.
Tokyo Head Office
Tokushima Plant: Ferroalloys, Functional materials
R&D Laboratory

millions yen

Net sales

79,341

Total assets

104,943

Shareholders’ equity

11,084Equity ratio

65.9%

Total number of issued shares

Toyama Plant (Takaoka area):
Functional materials

Hidaka Office: Electric power
Horomangawa Hydroelectric Power Plant

146,931,567■ Overseas Affiliates

Kudumane Investment
Holding Ltd. (Hong Kong)

Pertama Ferroalloys Sdn. Bhd.
(Malaysia)(As of Dec. 31, 2022)

Company Overview© 2024 Nippon Denko Co., Ltd3

Businesses and products
Businesses

Ferroalloys

Products
High-carbon ferromanganese andother ferroalloys

Zirconium oxide
Boron oxide, Boric acid
Functional Materials

Metal hydride alloys
Ferroboron
Manganese inorganic chemical products
Cathode materials for lithium-ion batteries

Incineration Ash

Applications

Steel, stainless steel, and specialty steel

Laminated ceramic capacitors and optical glass, etc.
Liquid crystal glass substrate and glass fiber, etc.
Nickel-hydrogen batteries in HEVSteels, magnets and amorphous metals
Additives for laminated ceramic capacitors and cathodematerials for lithium-ion batteries. etc.
Lithium-ion batteries in EV

Melting and solidification of incineration ash
in electric furnace

Detoxification and recycling of incineration ash

Aqua Solutions

Wastewater treatment equipment
Pure water production system

Recovery of heavy metals in wastewater and water reuse
Hydrogen production and high-purity water cleaning forexperiments and analysis

Electric PowerElectric power

Sale of electricity

Recycling

Company Overview© 2024 Nippon Denko Co., Ltd

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History of Nippon Denko■ Ferroalloys ■ Functional Materials ■ Incineration Ash Recycling ■ Aqua Solutions ■ Electric Power1925■ Established Ogaki Denki Yakin Kogyosho Co., Ltd. (later Nippon Denki Yakin Co., Ltd.) and started production and sale of various ferroalloys.

• Nippon Denko Co., Ltd. Is formed through the merger of Nippon Denki Yakin Co., Ltd. and Toho Denka Co., Ltd.

1963
1969

■ Tokushima Plant built, started operation. (equipped with pier facilities and large electric furnace)1970■ Started production at Kashima Plant. (Ibaraki Prefecture: Current Kashima office)1976■ Started production of manganese inorganic chemical products at Taguchi Plant. (current Myoko Plant)

1984■ Started production and sale of ferroboron by using electric furnace.

1989■ Started production and sale of zirconium oxide.

1992■ Started production of metal hydride alloys at Taguchi Plant. (current Myoko Plant)

1996■ Started sale of AQUA PACK, cartridge-type demineralizer.

1999■ Started sale of MR PACK, pure water production equipment.

2000■ Completed expansion of ferroboron production facility.
■ Completed zirconium oxide new production plant.
■ Completed construction of boron recovery facility.

2002■ Started nickel recovery and recycling business.
■ Completed construction of dedicated waste melting furnace (EM1) at Kashima Plant. (current Kashima Office) / Started operation of industrial waste recycling.

2003■ Acquired a business of lithium manganese battery materials.

2004■ Started fluorine and phosphorus recovery and recycling businesses / Started delivery of pure water production equipment for fuel cell.
■ Completed construction of waste melting furnace (EM2) at Kashima Plant. (current Kashima Office)2005■ Installed an in-house power generator utilizing the electric furnace gas at Tokushima Plant.

2010■ Completed the first stage of large-scale plant for automotive battery materials.

2011■ Completed the second stage of large-scale plant for automotive battery materials.

2012■ Capital investment in Pertama Ferroalloys Sdn. Bhd.

2013

■ Acquired manganese mining interests in South Africa.
■ Obtained approval for soil decontamination at Kashima Plant.

2014■ Received facility certification for renewable energy Feed-In Tariff (FIT) program under the Japanese government.

2018■ Completed construction of waste melting furnace (EM3) at Kashima Plant.
• Merger with Chuo Denki Kogyo Co., Ltd. completed.
■ Started Sumitomo Metal Mining’s contract manufacturing of cathode materials for lithium-ion at Toyama Plant. (Takaoka area)

2019■ Started the operation at Horomangawa Hydroelectric No. 3 Power Plant.

2022■ Started the operation of self-consumption solar power generation system at Koriyama Plant. ■ Completed construction of incinerator ash No. 4 melting furnace at Kashima Office. (former Kashima Plant)• Changed its corporate name upon merger with Chuo Denki Kogyo Co., Ltd. (English name unchanged)

Company Overview© 2024 Nippon Denko Co., Ltd

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Ferroalloys

Ferroalloys© 2024 Nippon Denko Co., Ltd

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Ferroalloys, an essential material for steel
Ferroalloys are of vital importance in making steel, as they are a necessary“seasoning” found in every piece of steel.

▼Ferroalloys◼Steelmaking process
Steelmaker
Coal

Coke

Blast
furnace

Iron ore

Converter
furnace

They make steel stronger andtougher, as well as moreresistant to heat and corrosion.

Completion as steel

SinterLimestone◼Major ferroalloy products and applications
Ferromanganese(Nippon Denko’s main product)
Ferrosilicomanganese
Ferrovanadium

Make steel stronger
Nippon Denko’s main product:
Ferromanganese

Oil well casings, line pipes, springs

Ferrochrome

Stainless steel products

Ferrosilicon

Deoxidizing

Ferroalloys market scale (2022)

In Japan, approx. 873.8 billion yen(Source: Nippon Denko estimates)

The trading price depends
mainly on global market
conditions.
Trading takes place at a price calculated
by converting the global price in US
dollars to yen at foreign exchange rates.
(Similar to the export industry, the profit structure is such that a weaker yen
increases profits.)

Ferroalloys© 2024 Nippon Denko Co., Ltd

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How are ferroalloys made?
Our main product, High-carbon ferromanganese
Main raw materials
Manganese ore:

High-carbon ferromanganeseCoke:is made by steaming andbaking coal.
It is acting as a reducing
agent and removes oxygenin the ore.

Every measure is taken to protect
the environment.
Exhaust gas is used as fuelfor in-house power
generation.

▲

is main raw material for Highcarbon ferromanganese.
It contains impurities andmust be refined in an electric
furnace.

High-carbon ferromanganese is aferromanganese product with arelatively high carbon content.

Metal from electric furnace

After cooling,
it becomes a product▲Nippon Denko has theSlag
By-products of themetal production
process.

Electric furnace

Melts raw materials at very high temperatures.

No. 1 sharein Japan

Ferroalloys© 2024 Nippon Denko Co., Ltd

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Global crude steel production by country and ferroalloy production by productグラフ タイトル

タイトル
Global crudeグラフ
steel
production

Global ferroalloy production

2,400

45,000(millions tons)(thousand tons)
40,0002,100

35,000

1,800
365

1,500

1,200

353

362
17
42
120

18
45
121

101

101

150

160

390
385

17
39
101

22
48
117

100

105

132

147

83

96

99

30,000
15
43
111
85

14,726
14,322

14,70915,535

13,24325,000137
89

20,000104

900
15,00017,862

15,976

17,241

17,396

16,549

1,375

1,312

600
1,065

995

929

1,035

1,013

300

10,000

5,000

0
18
China

19
Japan

EU

20
CIS

N. America

21
S. America

22
AfricaOthers(Source: World Steel Association data)

1,645

1,405

4,113

4,060

3,512

4,041

3,981

18

19

20

21

22

1,161

0
HcFeMnM・Lc-FeMn

SiMn

FeCr

(Source: IMnl and ICDA data)

Ferroalloys© 2024 Nippon Denko Co., Ltd

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Ferroalloy production in Japan: Ferromanganese is produced domestically
Ferroalloys production and imports,
グラフ タイトル
and
crude
steel
production
trend
in
Japan
3,000
Production and imports(thousand tons)

Ferroalloys production
rates in Japan
グラフ タイトル
120

120

Crude steel production(million tons)

100

(%)
100

2,000

80

80

1,500

60

60

1,000

40

40

500

20

20

Crude steel production

2,500

Ferromanganese

Ferrosilicomanganese
Ferrochrome

0

0
18

19

20

21

22

Production

Imports(Source: Steel statistics)

0
18

19
Ferromanganese

20
Ferrosilicomanganese21

22
Ferrochrome(Source: Steel statistics)

Ferroalloys© 2024 Nippon Denko Co., Ltd10

Manganese ore: Ferroalloy’s raw material, global production and trading volume
Global production of manganese ore
2021: 62.08 millions tons
Ukraine 3%

Mostly high or medium-grade ore

Others8%

Ghana 5%
India 3%Sounth Africa
36%

Brazil 3%

Less likely to produce slag and havehigher metal recovery rates than lowgrade ores.

Gabon

BrazilOre from China is mostly low-grade

Gabon
16%
Australia
13%

China
13%

China

South Africa

Processing low-grade ore results in alarge amount of slag, for a low metal
recovery rate.

Australia（Source: IMnI data）

Japan’s manganese ore imports

China’s manganese ore imports

2022: 0.87 millions tons

2022: 29.89 millions tons
Cote d'lvoire 2%
Malaysia 2%
Brazil
3%
Ghana
9%

Gabon
16%

Others4%

China’s manganeseore import volume
中国Mn鉱石輸入量
4,000
3,500
3,000
2,500
2,000

Australia
22%South Afruca
62%

South Africa
49%

Gabon
17%

1,500
1,000
500

Australia
14%0(Source: IMnI data)

18(Source: IMnI data)

19

20

21

22

(Source: IMnI data)

Ferroalloys© 2024 Nippon Denko Co., Ltd11

Ferroalloy market prices and manganese ore prices
グラフ タイトル

グラフ タイトル

Product prices and ore prices

Product price (quarterly average)
($/t)
3,000

($/t)
2,500

($/Mn%)
9.0
8.0

2,500

2,000

7.0

2,000

6.0

1,500
5.0

1,500
4.0

1,000
1,000

3.0
2.0

500

500

0
18

19

High-carbon ferromanganese European market

High-carbon ferromanganese European market

High-carbon ferromanganese US market

Manganese ore

20

21

0

22

23

0.0

18

19

20

21

High-carbon ferromanganese (FMnH) & Manganese ore prices transition data
18

19

1.0

22

23

FMnH ($/t) / Mn Ore ($/Mn%)
20

21

22

23

FMnH (Eur)

1,349

1,257

1,133

1,151

1,207

1,200

1,091

985

1,023

1,060

1,014

1,077

1,315

1,607

1,815

2,109

1,894

1,940

1,260

1,225

1,264

FMnH (US)

1,556

1,560

1,424

1,354

1,344

1,374

1,368

1,167

1,102

1,177

1,072

1,232

1,572

1,728

2,234

2,540

2,625

2,908

2,485

1,524

1,438

7.4

7.9

7.1

7.5

7.0

6.7

6.1

4.6

4.4

5.1

4.8

4.5

4.8

5.4

5.5

5.9

6.0

8.2

7.0

4.9

5.4

Mn oreSource: Metals Week (US market) Metal Bulletin (European market)

Ferroalloys© 2024 Nippon Denko Co., Ltd

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Ferroalloys business of Nippon Denko
Ferroalloys business sales trend ratio by product
(%)
100

4

5

4

3

2

Ferrosilicomanganese80

60

High-carbon
ferromanganese

73

69

72

72

72

Low-carbon
ferromanganese (SLP)

Ferrovanadium40

Low-carbon ferromanganese (SLP) has a very highmanganese content with few impurities. It is used
as an additive in the final stage of steelmaking, inplace of manganese metal.
(Please refer to page 14 for details)

Ferrosilicon
20
15

0

High-carbon ferromanganese is our main product.
It is produced domestically, taking advantage ofthe competitiveness of Tokushima Plant.

18

18

20

21

1
3
1

22

2

1

6

7

6

1
4

18

19

20

21

Manganese metal: A metal with a manganesepurity of nearly 100%. It is used as an additive inmaking steel, stainless steel, and aluminum.

OthersFerroalloys© 2024 Nippon Denko Co., Ltd

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SLP ferromanganese
What is low-carbon ferromanganese (SLP)?
(SLP: Super-Low Phosphorus)▲Low-carbon ferromanganese (SLP)⚫ Very low-carbon ferromanganese withmanganese purity of 90% and low
phosphorus content.
⚫ As a raw material essential for high-gradesteel production, it is used in place ofmanganese metal.

⚫ Producing high-purity ferromanganese from the by-productof High-carbon ferromanganese using proprietary technology
Superiority⚫ Further demand is expected due to the high-grade steel
production increase

Strategy⚫ Added one electric furnace in 2008. Annual production
capacity had raised from 18,000 tons to 30,000 tons.
⚫ Expanded annual production capacity from 30,000 tons to
40,000 tons in 2010.
⚫ Contributing a stable procurement to customers andincrease profitability.

Manganese metal

Chineseproduction andexports
200
グラフ
タイトルof manganese metal⚫ Annual demand for manganese metal in Japan is about 50,000
tons, all of which is imported, some 90% of it from China.

(10 thousand ton)

⚫ Because of the very high dependence on China, producing it inareas other than China or possibly switching to an alternative are
options being considered.

Production
Exports

160

120
80
40
0
18

19

20

21

22
(Source: IMnI data)

Ferroalloys© 2024 Nippon Denko Co., Ltd

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Resource strategy and optimal location are the ways to win out over rivals
Optimal production location in accordance with the product type
Domestic location：Tokushima Plant
Type of product： High-carbon ferromanganese,
Low-carbon ferromanganese (SLP), etc.

Tokushima Plant (Anan city, Tokushima prefecture)

Overseas location：Pertama Ferroalloys Sdn. Bhd(25% ownership ratio)
Type of product：
Ferrosilicomanganese, Ferrosilicon⚫ Produces ferroalloys with low
electric power consumption and is
one of the most competitive plants
in the world⚫ Securing competitive green
electricity from Southeast Asia'slargest hydroelectric power plant(Bakun Dam, 2,400 MW)⚫ Just-in-time supply available due toits adjacent location to the coast⚫ Produces ferroalloys that consume
large amounts of electricity⚫ Annual production capacity:
270,000 tones⚫ Annual production capacity:
220,000 tones

Pertama Ferroalloys Plant (Malaysia)

Resource strategy
Obtaining stable supply of the ores needed for ferroalloy production⚫ Acquired manganese mining interests.
Investment in Kudumane Japan GK which invests to Kudumane
Manganese Resources (25% ownership ratio)⚫ Diversification of ore procurement sources

Ferroalloys© 2024 Nippon Denko Co., Ltd

15

Kudumane manganese mining area

South32

ASSMANG

Hotazel
KUDUMANE

TeleleYork

South32

Ferroalloys© 2024 Nippon Denko Co., Ltd

16

Functional Materials

Functional Materials© 2024 Nippon Denko Co., Ltd

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Functional materials products list
Functional materials products

Usage
For electronic ceramics

Raw material of PZT piezoelectric actuators, laminated ceramic
capacitors, etc.

For glass

Used as additives in high-refractive optical glass lenses, etc.

For functional films

Raw material of optical adjustment coating, hard coating materials,
etc.

Composite oxide forcatalysts

Catalytic promoter for purifying automobile exhaust gas

For glass

Used as additives in liquid crystal glass, optical glass, glass fiber, etc.

For other applications

Raw material of boron compounds, disinfectants, surface treatment
agents, etc.

Zirconium oxide

Boron oxide, boric acid

Metal hydride alloys

Ferroboron

Anode materials for nickel-hydrogen batteries (mainly for HEV)For steels

Used as additives in steel as one kind of ferroalloy

For magnets

Raw material of neodymium iron boron (NdFeB) magnet alloy

For amorphous alloys

Raw material of amorphous alloy (FeSiB)

Manganese inorganic chemical products

Please refer to page 23 for details.

Cathode materials for lithium-ion batteries

Cathode materials for lithium-ion batteries (mainly for EV)

Functional Materials© 2024 Nippon Denko Co., Ltd

18

Zirconium oxide
What is zirconium oxide?
⚫ Electronic ceramics made from zirconium oxide have the electrical properties for storing electricity and converting between electricity andpressure.
⚫ A high refractive index is achieved by using zirconium oxide as an additive in optical glass and functional film.

Nippon Denko and zirconium oxide⚫ Started production at Tokushima Plant in 1989
⚫ Won acclaim for ultrafine particles and high purity⚫ Sold mainly for use in electronic parts and optical lenses

Main applications and productsElectronic ceramics

Glass / Film

⚫ Laminated ceramic capacitors and ceramic filters used in the electrical circuits of digital
home appliances, PCs, cell phones, and other digital devices⚫ Inkjet control devices in inkjet printers

Optical lenses for digital cameras, films for liquid
crystal displays (LCDs), etc.

⚫ Image stabilization indigital cameras and otherdevices, and in gyro
sensors for tilt detection insmartphones
Ceramic capacitors▲ Inkjet printer

Functional Materials© 2024 Nippon Denko Co., Ltd

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Boron oxide
What is boron oxide?
⚫ Boron oxide is calcined and anhydrous boric acid.

Nippon Denko and boron oxide⚫ The only manufacturer in Japan⚫ Started production at Tokushima Plant in 1986. (the first in Japan)⚫ In 2022, it also began production for external sales at Toyama Plant.
⚫ Nippon Denko supplies high-quality, high-purity products that contain minimal impurities.
⚫ Other than glass, expanding business for electronic pats materials, etc.

Main applications

Glass panels

Glass panels for monitors, TVs, etc.

Glass fiberElectronic parts substrates for high-speed data transmission

Functional Materials© 2024 Nippon Denko Co., Ltd

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Metal hydride alloys
Metal hydride alloys

Features of metal hydride alloys⚫ Started commercial production in 1992
⚫ Adapted by Toyota HEVs and global No.1 supplier of metal
hydride alloys for HEV’s batteries⚫ ISO 9001 and ISO 14001 certified plant⚫ Long life span equivalent to vehicle life
⚫ Ample output to ensure startability at low temperatures and power
acceleration

Principles of nickel-hydrogen batteries
Charging

Discharging

Metal hydride alloys plant (Myoko, Niigata Prefecture)

Main applications
Anode material for nickel-hydrogen batteries used as drive
batteries in HEV.

Metal hydride alloys anode

Charging

Nickel cathodeNi(OH)₂+M

NiOOH+MH
Discharging

Functional Materials© 2024 Nippon Denko Co., Ltd21

Ferroboron
Nippon Denko is the only ferroboron manufacturer in Japan.
Products

Description

For
steel

Adding a very small amount (10 to 100 ppm) of
boron to steel improves its hardenability andhigh-temperature strength.

FormagnetsFor
amorphousalloys

A neodymium iron boron (NdFeB) magnet is thestrongest kind of permanent magnet. Thesemagnets are essential to making electronic
devices smaller and lighter, higher efficiency andenergy-savings.

Amorphous (noncrystalline) alloy ribbons withthickness of just a few tens of microns areproduced by extremely rapid cooling of thealloys composed of Fe, Si, B, etc. from molten
state, at a rate of around a million degrees
celsius per second.

Usage or applications

Applications
Wires used in suspension bridges, bolts and nuts,
claws of power shovels.

Applications of NdFeB magnets⚫ Motors of HEV and EV.
⚫ Head actuator mechanism for hard disk drive reading and writing.

⚫ Motors in energy-efficient appliances (air conditioners, etc.)⚫ Electrical generator in wind power system.

Used mainly as the steel core material of amorphous transformers
When amorphous alloys are used as steel core material intransformers, electrical (no-load) loss at the steel core is very small for
improved energy efficiency.
Amorphous alloy

Functional Materials© 2024 Nippon Denko Co., Ltd22

Manganese inorganic chemical products
Manganese inorganic chemical products

Usage of manganese inorganic chemical products⚫ Started commercial production in 1976
⚫ The only Japanese domestic manufacturer of diverse manganese
inorganic chemical products

Products

Usage⚫ ISO 9001 and ISO 14001 certified plants

Manganese sulfate

Animal feed additives, catalyst raw materials,
supplements, fertilizers

High-purity manganese sulfate

Cathode materials for lithium-ion batteries

Manganese carbonate

Animal feed additives, surface treatment agent
raw materials, soft ferrite

High-purity manganesecarbonate

Additive in laminated ceramic capacitors,
thermistors

Chemical manganese dioxide

Ozone decomposition catalysts, deodorizing
catalysts, oxidizing agents for organic synthesis

Reduced ore

Flux⚫ Kosher and FDA certified plant (manganese sulfate)

Manganese inorganic chemical
products manufacturing plant(Myoko, Niigata Prefecture)

Features of manganese inorganic chemical products⚫ Holder of technology for high-purity refining of manganese ore⚫ Thorough removal of alkaline metals and alkaline earth metals by
crystallization and recrystallization processes⚫ Thorough removal of iron by use of oxidizing agent and optimization ofreaction pH

Manganese sulfates

Manganese carbonates

Functional Materials© 2024 Nippon Denko Co., Ltd

23

Cathode materials for lithium-ion batteries
Cathode materials for lithium-ion batteries⚫ Started commercial production in 1997
⚫ The pioneer of cathode materials for large lithium-ion batteries⚫ ISO 9001 and ISO 14001 certified plant⚫ The contract manufacturing from Sumitomo Metal Mining

Principles of lithium-ion batteries

Charging

Discharging

Battery materials manufacturing plant(Takaoka, Toyama Prefecture)

Main applications
Cathode materials for lithium-ion batteries uses as drive batteries in EV and HEV etc.
Cathode materials for large lithium-ion batteries in smart house or energy storage system etc.

Functional Materials© 2024 Nippon Denko Co., Ltd24

Incineration Ash Recycling

Incineration Ash Recycling© 2024 Nippon Denko Co., Ltd25

Incineration Ash Recycling
History of businessFeatures⚫ Chuo Denki Kogyo became the first private company in Japan to begin
treatment of incineration ash generated from municipalities by melting ina ferroalloy furnace in 1995.
⚫ Second dedicated furnace was put into operation in 2004.
⚫ Third dedicated furnace was put into operation in 2018.
⚫ Fourth dedicated furnace was put into operation in October 2022.

⚫ Melting and solidification at high temperature → decomposition of dioxin,
detoxification and stabilization of heavy metals⚫ Slag (ECOLAROCK) produced by melting is safe and environmentally friendly
product for use in civil engineering and construction materials (roadbed
material, revetment construction, etc.)⚫ Valuable metals (gold, silver, copper, etc.) contained in metals produced bymelting are recycled (recycling of urban mines)
Chimney

Gas washing equipment<Applications Example>

Ash hopper
Cooling tower

Ash melting furnace
Furnace-top ash
hopperElectrode
Sieve

Incineration ash storage facility

Slag
Metal

•

Roadbed material•

Leveling material for solar panel
installation

Dust
collector

Ash

Secondaryburning vat

Roadbed material

Dry pitMetal
casterMetal

Slowly cooled slag

Dedicated carrier vehicles

Leveling material

Valuable metals separated and collected at
nonferrous smelter and refiner
Incineration ash(collected from municipalities)•

Embankment material for disasterrecovery•Base material for river embankment work

Material for river embankment work
(ECOLAROCK)

Incineration Ash Recycling© 2024 Nippon Denko Co., Ltd26

Aqua Solutions

Aqua Solutions© 2024 Nippon Denko Co., Ltd27

Aqua Solutions
Has a large ion-exchange resin recycling plant in Koriyama, Fukushima prefecture.
Rental, sale, and regeneration of water treatment equipment, ion-exchange resin towers with the consignment regeneration scheme.
Clean Recycle Technology

Pure Water Technology

Ion-exchange towers for wastewater treatment thatenable the recovery of water and resources.

Pure water production that pursues further purity.

Ion-exchange resin towers of wastewater treatment

Cartridge demineralizer

ND MINICHROPACK：Chrome and other heavy metal,
various acid, alkali waste water
B-CLEPACK：
Boron removal
NI-PACK：
Nickel removal
F-PACK：
Fluorine removal• Simple and easy-to-use demineralizer filled with ion-exchange resin.
• By simply connecting the unit directly to a faucet.
• Creates high-purity water by removing Ca, Na, SO4, CI, SiO2, etc., in tap water.

AQUA PACK

MR PACK
Pure Water System that combines the reverse osmosis membrane(RO membrane) with the ion-exchange resin tower.
• Compact design.
• Easy to operate by automatic control.
• Can be customized according to customer requirements.

Road building materials

・Various ion-exchange resins andadsorbents are regenerated.
・Valuable materials are recovered.

Ferroboron
Remove hazardous
substances
Recover water⚫ For washing of surface
treatment⚫ For experiments and analysis

Nickel alloy raw materials
Koriyama Plant

Contribution to the hydrogen society

Features
1. Reuse and resources recycling of water or thechemicals• Reuse waste water as deionized water or pure water.
• Recycling of the absorbed ion.
2. Consignment regeneration scheme• No requirement for effort or chemicals toregenerate at the customer's site.
• No sludge is generated.
3. Various sales method• Choice of rental or purchase.
• Propose the best combination of equipment, taking
into consideration for the period of use, workload
and budget, etc.

⚫ For the water boilers and air
conditioning⚫ For hydrogen production

Example of Usage Flow
Deionized water
circulation flow

Ene-Farm
Purified water
manufacturing forhome-use fuel cells

As an alternative energy source, Ene-Farm (home-use fuel cells) is on therise. Ene-Farm uses hydrogen extracted from gas to generate electricity.
Purified water is needed to extract hydrogen from the gas.
We are expanding our business into these fuel cell fields based on theadvanced ion exchange resin technology we have accumulated over theyears.

On-sitePurified water
manufacturing forhydrogen stations

Toyota Motor Corp. launched fuel cell vehicles on the market in 2014, andhydrogen stations are being promoted. We started manufacturing purified
water equipment for hydrogen production in 2005 in preparation for the
Aichi Expo, and we have the top share in Japan for on-site hydrogenstations.

water quality
monitorwashingtankwashingtank

Water pump+ safety filter

resin tower+ adsorption tower

Aqua Solutions© 2024 Nippon Denko Co., Ltd28

Electric PowerElectric Power© 2024 Nippon Denko Co., Ltd

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Electric power business
Overview of electric power business⚫ Built a hydroelectric power plant at Horomangawa River in Hokkaido in early Showa period for the pioneer of the development of the power supply in
Hidaka area.
⚫ Renewed the power generation facilities at the No. 2 and No. 3 power plants.
⚫ Shifted to the business of selling electricity through the Feed-In Tariff system (FIT).

Power generation facility

OutputOperation

No. 2 Power Plant

4,406kW

Started from Nov. 2017

No. 3 Power Plant

6,221kW

Started from Feb. 2019

Horomangawa
HydroelectricPower Plants

Horomangawa Power
Plant Dam No. 3

No. 3 Power Plant

Electric Power© 2024 Nippon Denko Co., Ltd30