ⱥㄒᩍᮦ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢᫎ⏬ࢫࢡࣜࣉࢺ (2): Way ᵓᩥ࡟㛵ࡋ࡚
Movie Scripts for English Learning/Teaching Material (2): On the Way Construction㣤⏣Ὀᘯ
IIDA Yasuhiro ࡣࡌࡵ࡟㸸⛣ືࢆ⾲ࡍ⾲⌧ⱥㄒࡢ⛣ືࢆ⾲ࡍືモ࡟ࡣࠊࡑࡢ୍ㄒࡢ୰࡟ලయⓗ࡞⛣ືࡢᵝែࡲ࡛ྵࢇ࡛࠸ࡿࡶࡢࡀከ࠸ࠋ౛࠼ࡤࠕṌࡃࠖࢆព࿡ࡍࡿືモࡢ࠸ࡃࡘ࠿ࢆ (1) ࡛☜ㄆࡋ࡚ࡶࠊ๪モࡸᨃ㡢ㄒ࣭ᨃែㄒ࡞࡝ࢆῧ࠼࡞ࡅࢀࡤ࡞ࡽ࡞࠸᪥ᮏㄒ࡜ࡣ㐪࠸ࠊⱥㄒ࡛ࡣືモ୍ㄒ࡛⾲⌧࡛ࡁࡿࡇ࡜ࡀศ࠿ࡿࠋ
(1) amble ࡺࡗࡃࡾ࡜Ṍࡃࠊbowl ࡍ࠸ࡍ࠸࡜Ṍࡃࠊcreep ᚸࡧ㊊࡛Ṍࡃࠊhobble ࡼࡓࡼࡓṌࡃࠊlumberࡢࡋࡢࡋṌࡃࠊlurch ࡼࢁࡵࡁ࡞ࡀࡽṌࡃࠊmosey ࡪࡽࡪࡽṌࡃࠊpad ㊊㡢ࢆ❧࡚ࡎ࡟Ṍࡃࠊparade⦎ࡾṌࡃࠊplod ࡜ࡰ࡜ࡰṌࡃࠊramble ࡪࡽࡪࡽṌࡃࠊroam Ṍࡁᅇࡿࠊrove ࡉࡲࡼ࠸ṌࡃࠊsaunterࡢࢇࡧࡾᩓṌࡍࡿࠊshamble ࡼࢁࡼࢁṌࡃࠊshuffle ㊊ࢆᘬࡁࡎࡗ࡚Ṍࡃࠊslouch ๓࠿ࡀࡳ࡟Ṍࡃࠊ
stagger ࡼࢁࡵࡁṌࡃࠊstray ㏞࠸Ṍࡃࠊstride ኱⫤࡛Ṍࡃࠊstrut Ẽྲྀࡗ࡚Ṍࡃࠊswagger ጾᙇࡗ࡚Ṍࡃࠊtiptoe ࡘࡲඛ࡛Ṍࡃࠊtoddle ࡼࡕࡼࡕṌࡃࠊtotter ࡼࢁࡵࡁṌࡃࠊtramp ࢻࢩࣥࢻࢩࣥṌࡃࠊwaddleࡼࡕࡼࡕṌࡃ㸦⏣୰࣭ᯇᮏ 1997: 131-132㸧Ṍࡁ᪉ࡢලయⓗ࡞ᵝែࢆ♧ࡉ࡞࠸ walk ࡣ᪥ᮏࡢⱥㄒᩍ⫱࡛ࡶึᮇ࡟Ⓩሙࡍࡿࡀࠊࡑࡇ࠿ࡽ (1) ࡢືモ⩌ࡢṇ☜࡞౑࠸ศࡅࡲ࡛࣐ࢫࢱ࣮ࡋࡼ࠺࡜ࡍࡿ࡜ࠊ᪥ᮏࡢⱥㄒᏛ⩦⪅࡟࡜ࡗ࡚ࡣࣁ࣮ࢻࣝࡀ㧗ࡃ࡞ࡿࠋࡑࡢࡼ࠺࡞ሙྜࡢຠᯝⓗ࡞ᩍ࠼᪉ࡢࡦ࡜ࡘ࡟ࡣࠊᐇ㝿ࡢṌࡁ᪉ࢆᐇ₇ࡋࠊࡑࡢ࢖࣓࣮ࢪ࡜ඹ࡟ㄝ᫂ࡍࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࡶࡢࡀ࠶ࡿࡔࢁ࠺ࠋࡑ࠺ࡍࢀࡤࠊⱥ༢ㄒ࡜᪥ᮏㄒヂࢆ (1) ࡢࡼ࠺࡟ᩥᏐࡔࡅ࡛♧ࡉࢀࡿࡼࡾࡶࠊ஫࠸ࡢືモࡢ㐪࠸ࡀ㢌࡟ධࡗ࡚ࡁࡸࡍࡃ࡞ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀᮇᚅ࡛ࡁࡿࠋ ⱥㄒࡢᵓᩥ࡛ࡶࠊࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞⛣ື࡜ࡑࡢලయⓗ࡞ᵝᏊ㸦ᵝែࡸᡭẁ㸧ࡀ♧ࡉࢀࡿࢣ࣮ࢫࡀ࠶ࡿࠋWay
ᵓᩥ (Way Construction) ࡜࿧ࡤࢀࡿᵓᩥ࡛ࠊJackendoff (1990) ࡸ Greenberg (1995) ࢆ➹㢌࡟ࠊࡇࢀࡲ
࡛ᩘࠎࡢศᯒࡀ࡞ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ (e.g., Salkoff 1988, Marantz 1992, Goldberg 1995, Levin and Rapoport 1995,ᙳᒣ࣭⏤ᮏ 1997, 㧗ぢ࣭ஂ㔝 2002)ࠋ඾ᆺⓗ࡞౛ࢆ (2) ࡛ぢ࡚ࡳࡼ࠺ࠋ
(2) a.

The demonstrators pushed their way into the building.

b.

Bill belched his way out of the restaurant.

c.

Joe bought his way into the exclusive country club.

(Goldberg 1995: 208)
(Jackendoff 1990: 211)
(Goldberg 1995: 205)(2a) ࡛ࡣࠊࢹࣔ㝲ࡀࠕ㸦ேΰࡳ࡞࡝ࢆ㸧ᢲࡋศࡅ࡚ࠖ࡜࠸࠺ᘓ≀࡟ධࡿ㝿ࡢᡭẁࡀࠊ(2b) ࡛ࡣࢤࢵࣉࢆࡋ࡞ࡀࡽ࡜࠸࠺ࠊࣅࣝࡢࣞࢫࢺࣛࣥ࠿ࡽฟࡿ㝿ࡢᵝែࡀ⾲ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡲࡓ (2c) ࡣࠊࢪ࣮ࣙࡀ࠾㔠࡟ࡶࡢࢆゝࢃࡏ࡚㧗⣭࢝ࣥࢺ࣮ࣜࢡࣛࣈ࡟ධ఍ࡋࡓ࡜࠸࠺ゎ㔘ࡀྍ⬟࡛ࠊ≀⌮ⓗ࡞⛣ື࡜࠸࠺ࡼࡾࡣ୺ㄒࡢ≧ែኚ໬ࡀ♧ࡉࢀ࡚࠾ࡾࠊࡇࡢሙྜࡶࠊ࠶ࡿ≧ែ࠿ࡽูࡢ᪂ࡋ࠸≧ែ࡬ࡢ୺ㄒࡢࠕ⛣ືࠖ࡜⪃࠼ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࠋࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡟ࠊᡭẁࡸᵝែࢆලయⓗ࡟♧ࡋࠊᗈ⩏࡛ࡢࠕ⛣ືࠖࢆ⾲ࡍ࡜࠸࠺ࡢࡀ
Way ᵓᩥࡢ≉ᛶ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ ࡍ࡛࡟ศ࠿ࡿࡼ࠺࡟ࠊWay ᵓᩥ࡟ࡣᡭẁࡸᵝែࠊࡉࡽ࡟ࡣ≀⌮ⓗ⛣ືࡸ୺ㄒࡢ≧ែኚ໬࡞࡝ࡢ」ᩘ
ࡢゎ㔘ࡀᏑᅾࡋࠊࡇࡢᵓᩥࡢ㐺ษ࡞ゎ㔘࡟ࡣࠊືモࡢㄒᙡⓗ≉ᚩࡸᩥ⬦ࠊⓎヰ᫬ࡢ≧ἣ࡞࡝ࢆ⥲ྜⓗ࡟ᤊ࠼ุ࡚᩿ࡋ࡞ࡅࢀࡤ࡞ࡽ࡞࠸ࠋࡘࡲࡾ Way ᵓᩥࢆࡁࡕࢇ࡜⌮ゎࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࡣࠊᩥ୰࡟࠶ࡿྛ༢ㄒ 

ࡢព࿡ࢆ༢⣧࡟㊊ࡋ࡚࠸ࡃࡔࡅ࡛ࡣ୙༑ศ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡛࠶ࡿࠋ ᮏ✏࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡣࠊ᪥ᮏࡢⱥㄒᏛ⩦⪅ࡀ Way ᵓᩥࡢ⌮ゎࢆ῝ࡵࡿ࡟ࡣࠊᫎ⏬ࡀ㠀ᖖ࡟᭷ຠⓗ࡞ᩍᮦ࡟࡞ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆㄽࡌࡿࠋ1 ࡇࡢ኱ࡁ࡞⌮⏤࡟ࡣࠊ(1) ࡢືモ⩌ࡢ౑࠸ศࡅ࡜ྠᵝ࡟ࠊ⛣ືࢆព࿡ࡍࡿ Wayᵓᩥࡢ⌮ゎ࡟ࡣࠊᫎീ࡛ᐇ㝿ࡢືࡁࢆぢࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ㠀ᖖ࡟኱ࡁ࡞ᡭຓࡅ࡜࡞ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࠶ࡿࠋࡲࡓ୺ㄒࡢ
≧ែኚ໬࡞࡝ࠕẚ႘ⓗ࡞⛣ືࠖ࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ࡶࠊᫎ⏬࡛࠶ࢀࡤᩥ⬦ࡀᐜ᫆࡟ᢕᥱ࡛ࡁࠊᐇ㝿ࡢ Way ᵓᩥࡀ࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡞ᡭẁࡸᵝែࢆ⾲ࡍࡓࡵ࡟⏝࠸ࡽࢀࡓ࠿ࡀุ᩿ࡋࡸࡍࡃ࡞ࡿࠋࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞Ⅼࢆ㋃ࡲ࠼ࠊࡲࡎ
2 ⠇࡛ࡣ Way ᵓᩥࡢᇶᮏⓗ࡞᣺ࡿ⯙࠸ࢆඛ⾜◊✲ࡢศᯒࡸ㆟ㄽࢆࡶ࡜࡟ᴫほࡍࡿࠋḟ࠸࡛ 3 ⠇࡛ࡣࠊ⌧ᅾࡢ᪥ᮏࡢⱥㄒᩍ⫱⌧ሙ࡛ࡶ Way ᵓᩥࡢᐇ౛ࡀᩓぢࡉࢀࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ♧ࡍࠋࡑࡋ࡚ 4 ⠇࡛ࡣⱥㄒᩍᮦ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢᫎ⏬ࡢ㨩ຊࢆᣦ᦬ࡋࡓࡢࡕࠊ5 ⠇࡜ 6 ⠇࡛ࡣලయⓗ࡞ᐇ౛ࢆ⏝࠸ࡓᫎ⏬ࡢά⏝ἲࡢ୍ヨ᱌ࡸࠊᫎ⏬ࡢ౑⏝ୖࡢὀពⅬࢆᥦ♧ࡍࡿࠋ7 ⠇ࡣᮏ✏ࡢࡲ࡜ࡵ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ㸬:D\ ᵓᩥࡢᇶᮏ᝟ሗ Way ᵓᩥࡣ㠀ᖖ࡟⏕⏘ᛶࡀ㧗࠸ᵓᩥ࡛࠶ࡾࠊᇶᮏⓗ࡞ᘧᆺࡣḟࡢࡼ࠺࡟࡞ࡿࠋ
(3) ୺ㄒ 㸩 ⾜Ⅽືモ 㸩 one’s way 㸩 [ ᪉ྥ࣭⤒㊰࣭╔Ⅼࡢ๓⨨モྃ / ๪モ ]⌧ᅾ࡛ࡣከ✀ከᵝ࡞ືモࡢ⏕㉳ࢆチࡍ Way ᵓᩥ࡛࠶ࡿࡀࠊṔྐⓗ࡟ࡣ make one’s way to ~ࠕ㹼࡬ࡢ⮬ศࡢ㐨ࢆసࡾฟࡍࠖࡢᙧ࡟⏤᮶ࡍࡿ࡜࠸࠺ᣦ᦬ࡀ࠶ࡾ (e.g., ᅜᗈ 1970, Salkof 1988, Goldberg 1995)ࠊ
Salkoff (1988) ࡣ⌧ᅾࡢ Way ᵓᩥ࡟౑ࢃࢀࡿືモࡣࠊmake ࡜ࡢ⼥ྜ (fusion) ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ὴ⏕ࡍࡿ࡜ศᯒ
ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡍ࡞ࢃࡕࠊ(2a) ࡛ぢࡓ push one’s way through ~ࡣࠊmake one’s way through ~ by pushing ࢆ⼥ྜࡋࡓࡶࡢ࡜࠸࠺⪃࠼᪉࡛࠶ࡿࠋṔྐⓗ࡞౑⏝౛ࢆぢ࡚ࡶࠊmake ࢆ౑ࡗࡓ Way ᵓᩥࡣྂࡃ࠿ࡽከࡃぢࡘ࠿ࡿࡼ࠺ࡔࡀ (e.g., Israel 1996)ࠊ⌧ᅾ࡛ࡣࡶࡣࡸ make ࡜ࡢ㛵ಀᛶࢆ㉺࠼ࡓᖜᗈ࠸ὴ⏕ࢆぢࡏ࡚࠸
ࡿࠋ2 ࡇࢀࢆ㋃ࡲ࠼࡚ࠊࡉࡽ࡟ࡇࡢᵓᩥࡢලయⓗ࡞≉ᚩࢆᩥἲ࡜ព࿡࡟ศࡅ࡚ᴫほࡋࡼ࠺ࠋ ᩥἲⓗ≉ᚩࡲࡎࡣ (4) ࡢᩥࢆ౑ࡗ࡚ࠊᩥἲⓗ࡞≉ᚩࢆ☜ㄆࡍࡿࠋ(4) He pushed his way through the crowd.
୍ࡘ┠࡟ࠊWay ᵓᩥ࡛ࡣ one’s ࡢ㒊ศࡣᚲ㡲࡛ࠊthe ࡞࡝࡜ࡢ᭩ࡁ᥮࠼ࡣチࡉࢀ࡞࠸ࠋࡲࡓ one ࡢᣦ♧ᑐ㇟ࡣᚲࡎᩥࡢ୺ㄒ࡜୍⮴ࡍࡿࠋḟ࡟ࠊway ࡣᖖ࡟༢ᩘᙧ࡛࡞ࡅࢀࡤ࡞ࡽࡎࠊࡓ࡜࠼୺ㄒࡀ」ᩘࢆ⾲ࡍሙྜ࡛ࡶ༢ᩘᙧࡀồࡵࡽࢀࡿ (*They pushed their ways through the crowd.)ࠋࡉࡽ࡟ࠊWay ᵓᩥ࡟ࡣ᪉
ྥ࣭⤒㊰࣭╔Ⅼ࡞࡝ࢆ⾲ࡍ⾲⌧ࡀᚲせ࡛࠶ࡾࠊࡇࡢせ⣲ࢆᣢࡓ࡞࠸ He pushed his way.ࡣᩥἲୖࡣᡂ❧ࡍࡿࡀࠊព࿡ࡣࠕᙼࡣ⮬ศࡢ㐨ࢆᢲࡋࡓࠖ࡜࠸࠺ወጁ࡞ࡶࡢ࡜࡞ࡾࠊ⛣ືࡢព࿡ࡶ᏶඲࡟ᾘ࠼ࡿࠋ ᭱ᚋ࡟ࠊWay ᵓᩥ࡛ࡣືモ࡜ one’s way ࡢ㛫࡟ูࡢせ⣲ࡢ௓ධࡀ࡛ࡁ࡞࠸Ⅼࢆྲྀࡾୖࡆࡼ࠺ (*Hepushed forcefully his way through the crowd.) ࠋࡇࡢ஦ᐇࡣࠊ௚ືモ࡜┠ⓗㄒࡢ㛫࡟ࡣ๪モ࡞࡝ࡢせ⣲ࡀ௓ᅾ࡛ࡁ࡞࠸஦ᐇ࡜ఝ࡚࠾ࡾ (*The student has read easily/certainly the long story.)ࠊࡑࡢࡓࡵ Way ᵓᩥ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ one’s way ࡢ㒊ศࡣࠊ௜ຍ㒊࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃ⿵㒊࡛࠶ࡿ࡜࠸࠺୺ᙇࡢ᰿ᣐ࡜ࡉࢀࡿࠋࡋ࠿ࡋ୍᪉࡛ࠊWay ᵓᩥ࡟ᮏ᮶ࡣ⿵㒊ࢆྲྀࡽ࡞࠸⮬ືモࡶ⏕㉳࡛ࡁࡿ஦ᐇࡣࠊࡇࡢᵓᩥࡢ⯆࿡῝࠸Ⅼ࡛࠶ࡿ (Tomyelled/shouted/moaned his way down the alley.)ࠋ౛࠼ࡤ⮬ືモ belch ࡣ (2b) ࡛ぢࡓࡼ࠺࡟ Way ᵓᩥࢆᡂ❧ࡉࡏࡿࡀࠊ᪉ྥྃࢆ㝖࠸࡚ Way ᵓᩥ࡛࡞࠸ᩥ࡟ࡍࡿ࡜ࡓࡕࡲࡕ㠀ᩥ࡜࡞ࡿ (*He belched his way.)ࠋ
1ᮏ✏࡛ࡣࢻ࣐ࣛࡸ࢔ࢽ࣓ࡶྵࡵ࡚ࠕᫎ⏬ࠖ࡜࿧ࡪࠋ౛࠼ࡤࠊ⌧௦ⱥㄒࡢ Way ᵓᩥ࡛ࡣ᪉ྥࢆ⾲ࡍྃࡀᚲ㡲ࡔࡀࠊmake one’s way ࡣ᪉ྥྃ࡞ࡋ࡛ࡶ⛣ືࢆ⾲ࡍࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿ࡜࠸࠺⤫ㄒⓗ┦㐪Ⅼࡀ࠶ࡿࠋ

2    ព࿡ⓗ≉ᚩḟ࡟ࠊព࿡ⓗ≉ᚩ࡟┠ࢆྥࡅࡼ࠺ࠋWay ᵓᩥ࡟⛣ືࡢព࿡ࡀྵࡲࢀࡿࡇ࡜ࡣࡍ࡛࡟ゐࢀࡓࡀࠊࡇࢀࡣࡑࡶࡑࡶ⛣ືࢆ⾲ࡉ࡞࠸ືモ (e.g., belch, dig, push) ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡶྠᵝ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ3(5) a.

Frank dug his way out of the prison.

(Goldberg 1995: 199)b. * Frank dug his way out of the prison, but he hasn’t gone yet.

(Goldberg 1995: 200)(5a) ࡢᩥࡣ┤ヂࡍࢀࡤࠕࣇࣛࣥࢡࡣฮົᡤࡢእ࡬ࡢ㐨ࢆ᥀ࡗࡓࠖ࡜࡞ࡾࠊࡇࡢ᪥ᮏㄒ࡟ࡣࠕ᥀ࡗࡓࠖ࡜࠸࠺⾜Ⅽࡢ᝟ሗࡣ࠶ࡿࡀࠊࡑࡢ࠶࡜ࣇࣛࣥࢡࡀእ࡟⛣ືࡋࡓ࠿ࡣ୙࡛᫂࠶ࡿࠋ࡟ࡶ࠿࠿ࢃࡽࡎࠊⱥ
ㄒࡢ Way ᵓᩥ࡟ࡣ⛣ືࡢྵពࡀ࠶ࡿࡓࡵࠊ(5b) ࡢࡼ࠺࡟ᚋ༙࡛⛣ືࢆྰᐃࡍࢀࡤࠊࡓࡕࡲࡕ Way ᵓᩥࡣ୙⮬↛࡟࡞ࡿࠋࡇࡢ஦ᐇࡀ♧၀ࡍࡿࡢࡣࠊᩥ඲యࡢព࿡ࡣᩥࡢᵓᡂせ⣲࠿ࡽᙧᡂࡉࢀࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࠕᵓ
ᡂᛶࡢཎ⌮ (Principle of Compositionality)ࠖ࡟ࠊWay ᵓᩥࡣᚑࢃ࡞࠸࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡍ࡞ࢃࡕࠊᩥ࡟ฟ࡚ࡃࡿ༢ㄒࡢព࿡ࢆ༢⣧࡟㊊ࡋ࡚࠸ࡃࡔࡅ࡛ࡣᩥ඲యࡀᣢࡘ⛣ືࡢព࿡ࡣ⏕ࡲࢀ࡞࠸ࡓࡵࠊᵓᩥࡑࡢࡶࡢ࡟ࠕ⛣ືࠖࡢព࿡ࡀഛࢃࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜࠸࠺⪃࠼᪉ࡀᚲせ࡟࡞ࡿࠋࡇࡢ࡯࠿࡟ࡶ Way ᵓᩥ࡟ࡣࠊព࿡ⓗ࡟≉Ṧ࡞᣺ࡿ⯙࠸ࡀㄆࡵࡽࢀࡿࠋ≉࡟ࡑࡢ୰࡛ࡶࠊ」ᩘࡢゎ㔘ࡀྍ⬟࡞Ⅼ࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ࠊୗ࡛㡰࡟☜ㄆࡋ࡚࠸ࡃࠋ
 」ᩘࡢゎ㔘ࡲࡎࡣࠊ≀⌮ⓗ⛣ື࡜ẚ႘ⓗ⛣ືࡢ㐪࠸ࢆぢ࡚ࡳࡼ࠺ࠋ(4) ࡸ (5a) ࡛ぢࡓ push ࡸ dig ࡢ Way ᵓᩥࡣࠊேΰࡳࢆ࠿ࡁศࡅ࡚ࡢ⛣ືࡸࠊฮົᡤ࠿ࡽࡢ⬺ฟ࡞࡝ࠊ୺ㄒ࡟ࡼࡿ≀⌮ⓗ࡞⛣ືࢆ⾲ࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࠋ
୍᪉࡛ (2c) ࡛ぢࡓ buy ࡢᩥ㸦(6a)࡛෌ᥖ㸧ࡸࠊ(6b) ࡢ sleep ࢆ౑ࡗ࡚࠸ࢃࡺࡿࠕᯖႠᴗࢆࡍࡿࠖ࡜࠸࠺ព࿡ࢆ⏕ࡴᩥ࡛ࡣࠊ≀⌮ⓗ࡞⛣ື࡜࠸࠺ࡼࡾࡶࠊ୺ㄒࡢ≧ែࡸ♫఍ⓗᆅ఩ࡢኚ໬ࢆ⾲ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
(6) a.
b.

Joe bought his way into the exclusive country club.
Sue slept her way to the top.

(Goldberg 1995: 205)
(Jackendoff 1990: 213)

1 ⠇࡛ゐࢀࡓࡼ࠺࡟ࠊࡇࡢࢱ࢖ࣉࡢ Way ᵓᩥ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡶࠊ୺ㄒࡢ≧ែࡀูࡢ≧ែ࡬࡜⛣⾜ࢆ㐙ࡆࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ⾲ࡉࢀࡿࡓࡵࠊᗈ⩏ࡢࠕ⛣ືࠖ࡜⪃࠼ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀྍ⬟࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡼࡗ࡚ᮏ✏࡛ࡣࡇࡢࢱ࢖ࣉࡢ Wayᵓᩥࢆẚ႘ⓗ⛣ື࡜ࡋ࡚ᢅ࠺ࠋࡑ࠺ࡍࡿ࡜ࠊWay ᵓᩥ࡟ࡣ≀⌮ⓗ⛣ື࡜ẚ႘ⓗ⛣ືࡢ 2 ࢱ࢖ࣉࡀᏑᅾࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟࡞ࡿࠋ ࡉࡽ࡟ Way ᵓᩥࡣࠊูࡢほⅬ࠿ࡽࡶ 2 ㏻ࡾࡢࢱ࢖ࣉ࡟ศࡅࡿࡇ࡜ࡀྍ⬟࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡑࢀࡀࠕ㹼ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ࠖࢆព࿡ࡍࡿᡭẁ (means) ㄞࡳ࡜ࠊࠕ㹼ࡋ࡞ࡀࡽࠖࡢព࿡࡟࡞ࡿᵝែ (manner) ㄞࡳ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ౛࠼ࡤ Jackendoff (1990) ࡟ࡼࢀࡤࠊ (7a) ࡢᩥ࡟ࡣࠊ(7b) ࡟᭩ࡁ᥮࠼ྍ⬟࡞ࠕࢪ࣮ࣙࢡࢆ࠸࠺ࡇ
࡜࡛఍㆟࡟ධࡗ࡚ࡁࡓࠖ࡜࠸࠺ᡭẁㄞࡳ࡜ࠊ(7c) ࡟᭩ࡁ᥮࠼ྍ⬟࡞ࠕࢪ࣮ࣙࢡࢆ࠸࠸࡞ࡀࡽ఍㆟࡟ධࡗ࡚ࡁࡓࠖ࡜࠸࠺ᵝែㄞࡳࡀ࠶ࡿ࡜ࡉࢀࠊࡇࢀࡽࡣᩥ⬦ุ࡛᩿ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀồࡵࡽࢀࡿࠋ
(7) a.

3Sam joked his way into the meeting.

b.

Sam got into the meeting by joking.

c.

Sam went into the meeting (while) joking.

(means)(manner)ࡓࡔࡋࠊ㠀᭷⏺ⓗ࡞⾲⌧ࡀ౑ࢃࢀࡓሙྜࡣࡇࡢ㝈ࡾ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࡜ࡉࢀࡿࠋ

(Goldberg 1990: 202)  ᅔ㞴ᛶࡢྵព 2 ⠇ࡢෑ㢌࡛ゐࢀࡓࡼ࠺࡟ࠊWay ᵓᩥࡣ make one’s way to ~ ࠿ࡽ⏤᮶ࡍࡿ࡜ࡢศᯒࡀ࠶ࡾࠊࡇࡢᵓᩥ࡟ࡣࠕ㐨࡞ࡁ㐨ࢆษࡾᣅ࠸࡚㐍ࡴࠖ࡜࠸ࡗࡓࢽࣗ࢔ࣥࢫࡀഛࢃࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡑࡢࡓࡵࠊᡭẁㄞࡳࡢሙྜࡣ࡜ࡾࢃࡅࠊࡑࡢ⛣ື࡟ࡣᅔ㞴ᛶࡀక࠺ࡇ࡜ࡀᣦ᦬ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ౛࠼ࡤ Sally made her way into theballroom.ࡢᩥࡢሙྜࠊGoldberg (1995: 202) ࡟ࡼࢀࡤࠊSally ࡀேΰࡳ࡞࡝ࡢ㞀ᐖ≀ࢆ஌ࡾ㉺࠼࡚㐍ࢇࡔ࡜࠸࠺ព࿡ࡀฟࡿࡀࠊ㏫࡟ࠊ㞴࡞ࡃ⯙㋃ᐊ࡬Ṍ࠸࡚ධࡗ࡚⾜ࡗࡓሙྜ࡟ࡣࡇࡢᩥࡣ౑࠼࡞࠸࡜ࡉࢀࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊ(8a) ࡜ (8b) ࡢᐜㄆᛶࡢᕪࡣࠊࢢࣛࢫ୍ᮼศࡢࣞࣔࢿ࣮ࢻࢆ㣧ࡳᖸࡍሙྜ࡜ࠊ࢛࢘ࢵ࢝ࢆ 1 ࢣ࣮ࢫ㣧ࡳᖸࡍሙྜ࡜ࡢᅔ㞴ᛶࡢ㐪࠸࡟㉳ᅉࡍࡿ࡜ࡉࢀࡿࠋ
(8) a. ?? Sally drank her way through the glass of lemonade.
b.

Sally drank her way through a case of vodka.

(Goldberg 1995: 204)
(Goldberg 1995: 204)ࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞ᅔ㞴ᛶࡢྵពࡣࠊ⛣ືࢆ⾲ࡍ௚ࡢືモ (e.g., come, go, move) ࡟ࡣᏑᅾࡋ࡞࠸ࡓࡵࠊWay ᵓᩥࡢ኱ࡁ࡞ព࿡ⓗ≉ᚩ࡜ゝ࠼ࡿࠋ ௨ୖࠊࡇࡇࡲ࡛ࡢព࿡ⓗ≉ᚩࢆࡲ࡜ࡵࡿ࡜ Way ᵓᩥ࡟ࡣࠊ≀⌮ⓗ⛣ື࡜ẚ႘ⓗ⛣ືࠊ࠾ࡼࡧࠊᡭẁ࡜ᵝែ࡜࠸ࡗࡓࠊ」ᩘࡢゎ㔘ࡀྍ⬟࡛࠶ࡾࠊࡉࡽ࡟ᡭẁㄞࡳࡢሙྜ࡟ࡣᅔ㞴ᛶࡶྵពࡉࢀࡿࡇ࡜ࡀศ࠿ࡗࡓࠋ㸬᪥ᮏࡢᏛᰯᩍ⫱⌧ሙ࡛ࡢᢅ࠸ ࡇࡇࡲ࡛☜ㄆࡋࡓ Way ᵓᩥࡢ」㞧࡞≉ᛶࢆぢࢀࡤࠊ᪥ᮏࡢⱥㄒᩍ⫱࡛ࡇࡢᵓᩥࢆᢅ࠺ࡢࡣ㞴ࡋ࠸࡜ឤࡌࡿ࠿ࡶࡋࢀ࡞࠸ࠋࡋ࠿ࡋᐇ㝿࡟ࡣࠊ2020 ᖺ 1 ᭶࡟ᐇ᪋ࡉࢀࡓ 2021 ᖺᗘࢭࣥࢱ࣮ヨ㦂࡛ࡣࠊ኱ၥ 5ࡢ㛗ᩥෆ࡛ make ࢆ౑ࡗࡓ Way ᵓᩥࡀࠊࠕᐙ࡟ᖐࡗࡓࠖ࡜࠸࠺ព࿡࡛Ⓩሙࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ㸦ୗ⥺ࡣ➹⪅㸧(9) After a while on the mountaintop, I attached the name tag to my old friend and carefully made my way
home with the mountain’s gift beside me. My soul felt very much complete.
 ࡲࡓࠊ㧗ᰯ⏕ྥࡅࡢⱥㄒᩍᮦࡢࠗⱥㄒࡢᵓᩥ 150 㸫Second Edition㸫࡛࠘ࡣ “make㸩one’s way + ᪉ྥ͇ࡢ⤂௓ࢭࢡࢩࣙࣥࡀ࠶ࡾࠊelbowࠊgropeࠊlieࠊshotࠊbuy ࡞࡝ᵝࠎ࡞ືモࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ Way ᵓᩥࡀ⤂௓ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋຍ࠼࡚ࠊᡭẁㄞࡳ࡜ᵝែㄞࡳࡢ㐪࠸ࡸࠊ⛣ືࡢྵព࡟㛵ࡍࡿゝཬࡉ࠼ࡶ࠶ࡿࠋ ࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞஦ᐇࢆ㚷ࡳࢀࡤࠊ≉␗࡞ᛶ㉁ࢆᣢࡘ Way ᵓᩥࡶࠊ㧗ᰯࣞ࣋ࣝࡢⱥㄒ࡛ࡣ┠࡟ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀⓙ↓࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࡇ࡜ࡀศ࠿ࡿࠋ࡜࡞ࢀࡤࠊ㧗ᰯ௨ୖࡢⱥㄒࡢᤵᴗ࡛ Way ᵓᩥࢆ⤂௓ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡣ㔜せ࡞ព⩏ࡀฟ࡚ࡃࡿࠋࡑࡇ࡛௨ୗ࡛ࡣࠊⱥㄒᤵᴗ࡟ Way ᵓᩥࢆᑟධࡍࡿ㝿࡟ࠊᫎ⏬ࡀ㠀ᖖ࡟ຠᯝⓗ࡞ᩍᮦ࡜࡞ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ୺ᙇࡍࡿࠋ㸬ᫎ⏬ࢫࢡࣜࣉࢺࡢⱥㄒᩍᮦ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢ㨩ຊᮏ✏ࡢࡇࡇࡲ࡛ࡢ㆟ㄽࢆࡲ࡜ࡵࡿ࡜ࠊWay ᵓᩥ࡟ࡣ≉␗࡞ᩥἲⓗࠊព࿡ⓗ࡞᣺ࡿ⯙࠸ࡀከᩘ☜ㄆ࡛ࡁࠊ୍➽⦖࡛ࡣ࠸࠿࡞࠸ᵓᩥ࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀࢃ࠿ࡗࡓࠋࡑࢀ࡛࠸࡚ࠊ᪥ᮏࡢⱥㄒᩍ⫱⌧ሙ࡛ࡶࠊWayᵓᩥࢆ㸦ᑡ࡞ࡃ࡜ࡶ㧗ᰯ௨ୖࡢ㸧ⱥㄒᏛ⩦⪅ࡀ┠࡟ࡍࡿᶵ఍ࡀ࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ☜ㄆࡋࡓࠋࡇࢀࡣࡘࡲࡾࠊWay ᵓᩥࢆゝㄒᏛࡢᏛၥⓗ㆟ㄽࡢࡳ࡟␃ࡵࡿࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃࠊ✚ᴟⓗ࡟ࡑࡢ≉ᛶࢆⱥㄒᏛ⩦⪅࡟ࡶ⤂௓ࡍ࡭ࡁ࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ♧၀ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡋ࠿ࡋ୍᪉࡛ࠊ᪥ᮏࡢⱥㄒᩍ⫱࡛ Way ᵓᩥࢆ✚ᴟⓗ࡟ྲྀࡾධࢀࡿࡇ࡜ࡀྍ⬟࠿࡜࠸࠺࡜ࠊࡑ࠺࡜ࡶ㝈ࡽ࡞࠸ࠋᤵᴗ᫬㛫ᩘࡢไ㝈࡞࡝ࡶ࠶ࡾࠊᩍ⫱⌧ሙ࡛ Way ᵓᩥࡢࡼ࠺࡞≉␗࡞ᵓᩥࢆヲࡋࡃᢅ࠺࡟ࡣ㝈⏺ࡀ࠶ࡿࠋ࡛ࡣⱥㄒᏛ⩦⪅࡟࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡟ᥦ౪࡛ࡁࡿ࠿࡜ゝ࠼ࡤࠊᩍဨࡀࡇࡢᵓᩥ࡟㛵ࡋ࡚㐺ᐅࠊ   ⿵ຓᩍᮦ➼ࢆ⏝ពࡋ࡚ᤵᴗ࡟ᑟධࡍࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࡸࡾ᪉ࡀ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋࡇࢀࢆ㋃ࡲ࠼࡚௨㝆࡛ࡣࠊᫎ⏬ࢆ⿵ຓᩍᮦ࡜ࡋ࡚ά⏝ࡍࡿ୍ヨ᱌ࢆᥦ♧ࡍࡿࠋᫎ⏬࡟ࡣඛ⾜◊✲࡛⤂௓ࡉࢀ࡚࠸࡞࠸ᕼᑡ࡞ᐇ౛ࡀ☜ㄆࡉࢀࡓࡾࠊ≀⌮ⓗ⛣ືࡸ Way ᵓᩥࡢⓎヰ࡟⮳ࡿᩥ⬦ࢆᐇ㝿ࡢᫎീ࡛᫂☜࡟☜ㄆ࡛ࡁࡓࡾ࡜ࠊᩍᮦ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢ㨩ຊࡀከᩘྵࡲࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞ᖜᗈ࠸⏝㏵࡟ᑐᛂ࡛ࡁࡿࡢࡣࠊࡑࡶࡑࡶⱥㄒᩍᮦ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡣ〇సࡉࢀ࡚࠸࡞࠸ᫎ⏬࡞ࡽ࡛ࡣࡢ≉ᶒ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ
౛࠼ࡤࠊfind ࢆ౑ࡗࡓ Way ᵓᩥࡢࢭࣜࣇࢆぢ࡚ࡳࡼ࠺ࠋ4(10) At some point, your father found his way to Japan.

<00:32:08> (Zoo, S(eason)1, E(pisode)1, 2015)ࡇࡇ࡛ࡢ Way ᵓᩥࢆ┤ヂࡍࢀࡤࠕ࠶࡞ࡓࡢ∗ࡣ᪥ᮏ࡬ࡢ㐨ࢆぢࡘࡅࡓࠖ࡜࡞ࡾࠊ∗ぶࡀᐇ㝿࡟᪥ᮏ࡟⾜ࡗࡓࡢ࠿ࡣศ࠿ࡽ࡞࠸ࠋࡋ࠿ࡋࡇࡢࢩ࣮ࣥࡢᏐᖥࡣ ࠕ࠶ࡢேࡣ᪥ᮏ࡟⾜ࡗ࡚࠸ࡓࠖ࡜࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡓࡵࠊࡇࡢࢭࣜࣇ࡜Ꮠᖥࢆᥦ♧ࡍࡿࡔࡅ࡛ࡶࠊ᪥ᮏࡢⱥㄒᏛ⩦⪅࡟⛣ືࡢྵព࡜࠸࠺≉ᛶࢆఏ࠼ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࠋ5 ࡇࡢ࡯࠿ࠊᫎ⏬ࡢᩍᮦ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢ㨩ຊࢆࠊ࡜ࡾࢃࡅព࿡ⓗ≉ᚩ࡟↔Ⅼࢆᙜ࡚࡞ࡀࡽぢ࡚࠸ࡇ࠺ࠋ㸬:D\ ᵓᩥࡢゎ㔘 ࡍ࡛࡟☜ㄆࡋࡓࡼ࠺࡟ࠊWay ᵓᩥ࡟ࡣ≀⌮ⓗ⛣ື࡜ẚ႘ⓗ⛣ືࠊ࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣᡭẁㄞࡳ࡜ᵝែㄞࡳ࡜࠸ࡗࡓࠊ」ᩘࡢゎ㔘ࡀᏑᅾࡍࡿࠋᮏ⠇࡛ࡣࡇࡢ㐪࠸ࢆᫎ⏬ࡢᐇ౛ࢆ⏝࠸ࡿࡇ࡜࡛ࠊᏛ⩦⪅ࡢࡼࡾ☜ᐇ࡞⌮ゎࡢᐃ╔࡬࡜ࡘ࡞ࡆࡿ᪉ἲࢆ⪃࠼ࡓ࠸ࠋ ≀⌮ⓗ⛣ື࠿ẚ႘ⓗ⛣ື࠿ ࡲࡎࠊ≀⌮ⓗ⛣ື࡜ẚ႘ⓗ⛣ືࡢ୧ࢱ࢖ࣉࢆ⪃࠼࡚ࡳࡓ࠸ࠋ๓⪅ࡣᩥᏐ㏻ࡾேࡸ≀ࡢ⛣ືࢆព࿡ࡋࠊࠕ⛣ືࠖ࡜ࡣࠕ᫬㛫ࡢὶࢀ࡟ἢࡗࡓ≀యࡢ఩⨨ኚ໬ࠖ㸦⏣୰࣭ᯇᮏ 1997㸧ࡢࡇ࡜࡜⪃࠼ࡿࠋ୍᪉ࠊᚋ⪅ࡀ⾲ࡍࡢࡣ୺ㄒࡢ≧ែࡸ♫఍ⓗᆅ఩➼ࡢኚ໬࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡇࡢ 2 ࢱ࢖ࣉࡢ㐪࠸ࡣࠊ࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡞ືモࡀ⏝࠸ࡽࢀࡿ࠿࡟ࡶ኱ࡁࡃᕥྑࡉࢀࡿࡀࠊࡇࡇ࡛ࡣྠࡌືモࡀ୧᪉ࡢゎ㔘ࢆ⏕ࡴࢣ࣮ࢫࢆほᐹࡋࠊࡑࡢά⏝ἲࢆ⪃࠼ࡓ࠸ࠋࡲࡎࡣ dig ࡢ౛ࢆぢ࡚ࡳࡼ࠺ࠋ
(11) a. There’s an exit. It’s a few yards behind you. But you’ll have to dig your way out.
<00:21:42> (Zoo, S2, E4, 2016)b. It’s not easy for girls like us to dig our way out.

<00:34:53> (Game of Thrones, S3, E1, 2013)(11a) ࡣࠊᆅ୰ࡢᑠࡉ࡞✰ࢆ㏺ࡗ࡚㐍ࢇ࡛࠸ࡿ┦ᡭ࡟ᑐࡋࠊࡍࡄ࡟✰࠿ࡽ㏨ࡆฟࡍࡼ࠺ᣦ♧ࢆฟࡍࢭࣜࣇ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡼࡗ࡚ࡇࡢࢩ࣮ࣥࡢ dig ࡣᐇ㝿࡟✰ࢆ᥀ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆᣦࡋࠊ≀⌮ⓗ⛣ືࡢ Way ᵓᩥ࡛࠶ࡿࡇ
࡜ࡀศ࠿ࡿࠋ୍᪉࡛ (11b) ࡢࢭࣜࣇࡣࠊ㌟ศࡢప࠸ዪᛶྠኈࡢ఍ヰ࡛Ⓨࡏࡽࢀ࡚࠾ࡾࠊࠕ⮬ศࡓࡕࡢࡼ࠺࡞ே㛫ࡢฟୡࡣ⡆༢࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࠖ࡜࠸࠺ព࿡࡛ Way ᵓᩥࡀ౑ࢃࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡼࡗ࡚ࡇࡇ࡛ࡢ dig ࡣࠊ⮬ศࡀ⨨࠿ࢀࡓ♫఍ⓗᆅ఩࠿ࡽࡢᡴ◚ࢆព࿡ࡋࠊẚ႘ⓗ࡞⛣ືࢆ⾲ࡍࡇ࡜ࡀศ࠿ࡿࠋᐇ㝿ࡢᫎീࢆ☜ㄆࡋ࡚ࡶࠊ(11a) ࡣ࡯ࡩࡃ๓㐍ࢆࡍࡿ┦ᡭ࡟Ⓨࡏࡽࢀࠊ(11b) ࡣ㌟ࡢୖヰࢆࡍࡿࢩ࣮࡛ࣥࡢⓎヰ࡛࠶ࡿࡓࡵࠊᏛ⩦⪅ࡣྠࡌືモ࡛࠶ࡗ࡚ࡶࠊWay ᵓᩥࡣ≀⌮ⓗ⛣ື࡜ẚ႘ⓗ⛣ືࡢ୧᪉ࢆ⾲ࡍᶵ⬟ࢆᣢࡘࡇ࡜ࢆᢕᥱࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࠋ ྠᵝࡢほⅬ࡛ࠊfight ࡢ౛ࡶぢ࡚ࡳࡼ࠺ࠋ4ᮏ✏࡛ࡣࠊᫎ⏬ࢫࢡࣜࣉࢺෆࡢኴᏐୗ⥺ࡣ➹⪅࡟ࡼࡿࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ
ࡓࡔࡋࠊwill ࡞࡝ᮍ᮶ࡢ⾲⌧ࡀ౑ࢃࢀ࡚࠸ࡿሙྜࡣࠊᚲࡎࡋࡶᏐᖥࡣᙺ࡟❧ࡘࢃࡅ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࠋḟࡢࢭࣜࣇࡢᏐᖥࡣࠕᚲࡎࡸ ࡈඛ♽ࡢඖ࡟ྥ࠿ࢃࢀࡿࠖ࡜࡞ࡗ࡚࠾ࡾࠊ⛣ືࡢ᏶⤖ࡀࡑࡇ࡟ᮏᙜ࡟ྵࡲࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ࠿ࡣศ࠿ࡾ࡟ࡃࡃ࡞ࡿࠋ
(i)His spirit will find its way to the halls of your fathers.
<01:05:25> (The Lord of the Rings: The Two Towers, 2002)5 (12) a.
b.





My father fought his way into Jotunheim.

<00:13:59> (Thor, 2011)

The only two things I can think of to help him are to pray and to hope that if you’re with him, he’ll
feel that love for you and it will give him a reason to fight his way back to us.
<00:38:53> (9-1-1, S1, E3, 2018)(12a) ࡣࠊࣚࢺࢗࣥ࣊࢖࣒࡜࠸࠺ᅜ࡬౵ᨷࡋࡓ∗ぶࡢࡇ࡜ࢆ㏙࡭࡚࠾ࡾࠊࡓࡔᡓࡗࡓࡔࡅ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃࠊᐇ㝿࡟ᩛᅜ࡬࡜ᨷࡵධࡗࡓ࡜࠸࠺≀⌮ⓗ⛣ືࡀ♧ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ୍᪉࡛ (12b) ࡛ࡣࠊ஺㏻஦ᨾ࡛᫃╧≧ែࡢ཭ேࡀࠊࡑࡢ༴ᶵⓗ≧ἣ࡟ᡴࡕ຾ࡗ࡚┠ࢆぬࡲࡍࡇ࡜ࡀ⾲ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡼࡗ࡚ࡇࡢሙྜࡣࠊ୺ㄒࡢ≧ែኚ໬ࢆ⾲ࡋ࡚࠾ࡾࠊẚ႘ⓗ⛣ື࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀࡼࡃศ࠿ࡿࠋ ᭱ᚋ࡟ࠊmake ࡢ౛ࢆぢ࡚ࡳࡿࠋ(13) a. Now, heart stays here, as O makes his way over here. <00:58:46>(Oz: The Great and Powerful, 2013)
b. I’m starting with the obvious suspects, making my way down the list.
<00:12:20> (Salvation, S2, E4, 2018)(13a) ࡛ࡣࠊࡇࡢ࠶࡜ᐇ᪋ࡉࢀࡿసᡓࡢẁྲྀࡾࢆࠊࣁ࣮ࢺࡸ୸ࡢ࣐࣮ࢡࢆᆅ㠃࡟ᥥ࠸࡚☜ㄆࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡑࡋ࡚ Way ᵓᩥࡢⓎヰ᫬࡟ࡣࠊ୸࣐࣮ࢡࡀ⛣ືࡍࡿ᪉ྥࢆᆅ㠃࡟⥺ࢆᘬࡁ࡞ࡀࡽ♧ࡍࡢ࡛ࠊᫎീ࠿ࡽࡣ≀⌮ⓗ⛣ື࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ☜ㄆࡋࡸࡍ࠸ࠋ୍᪉࡛ (13b) ࡛ࡣࠊࠕࣜࢫࢺ࡟┠ࢆ㏻ࡍࠖ࡜࠸࠺ど⥺ࡢ⛣ືࠊࡍ࡞ࢃࡕẚ႘ⓗ⛣ືࡀ⾲ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡇࡢࠕ┠ࢆ㏻ࡍࠖ࡜࠸࠺ព࿡࡛ࡣࠊ⛣ືࢆ⾲ࡍືモ go ࡶgo through/over the list ࡢࡼ࠺࡟౑࠼ࡿ஦ᐇࡀ࠶ࡿࡢ࡛ࠊgo ࡢ≀⌮ⓗ⛣ື࡜ẚ႘ⓗ⛣ືࡢ⏝ἲ࡜ేࡏ࡚ࠊ
Way ᵓᩥࡢᏛࡧࢆᥦ౪ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࠋ ࡇࡇࡲ࡛ digࠊfightࠊmake ࡢ⪃ᐹ࠿ࡽࠊྠࡌືモ࡛࠶ࡗ࡚ࡶ≀⌮ⓗ⛣ື࡜ẚ႘ⓗ⛣ືࡢ୧᪉ࢆ Wayᵓᩥࡣ⾲ࡏࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ☜ㄆࡋࡓࠋࡲࡓࠊᫎ⏬ࢆ౑࠼ࡤᫎീࢆ㏻ࡋ࡚≀⌮ⓗ⛣ືࡀᢕᥱࡋࡸࡍࡃ࡞ࡾࠊẚ႘ⓗ⛣ືࡢࢩ࣮ࣥࡶᥦ♧ࡍࢀࡤࠊࡇࡢ 2 ࢱ࢖ࣉࡢゎ㔘ࡢᏑᅾࡀ᫂☜࡟ᤊ࠼ࡽࢀࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ♧ࡋࡓࠋ ᡭẁㄞࡳ࠿ᵝែㄞࡳ࠿ ḟ࡟ࠊᡭẁㄞࡳ࡜ᵝែㄞࡳࡢゎ㔘࡟㛵ࡋ࡚⪃࠼࡚ࡳࡿࠋ᪤㏙ࡢࡼ࠺࡟ࠊ๓⪅ࡣࠕ㹼ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡗ
࡚ࠖࡢព࿡࡟࡞ࡾࠊᚋ⪅ࡣࠕ㹼ࡋ࡞ࡀࡽࠖࡢព࿡࡟࡞ࡿࠋࡇࢀࢆ㋃ࡲ࠼࡚ࠊḟࡢ౛ࢆぢ࡚ࡳࡼ࠺ࠋ
(14) a.

We ate our way across the U.S.

(Jackendoff 1990: 212)b.

We went across the U.S. eating.

(Jackendoff 1990: 214)c.

We got across the U.S. by eating.

(Jackendoff 1990: 214)

Jackendoff ࡣࠊ(14a) ࡢ Way ᵓᩥ࡟ࡣᵝែㄞࡳ࡜ᡭẁㄞࡳࡀྍ⬟࡜ࡋ࡚࠾ࡾࠊࡑࢀࡒࢀ (14b) ࡜ (14c)࡟ࣃࣛࣇ࣮ࣞࢬࡉࢀࡿࠋࡲࡎᵝែㄞࡳࡢሙྜࡣࠊ㣗஦ࢆࡋ࡞ࡀࡽ࢔࣓ࣜ࢝ࢆ᪑ࡋࡓ࡜࠸ࡗࡓព࿡࡟࡞ࡿࡔࢁ࠺ࠋ୍᪉࡛ᡭẁㄞࡳࡢሙྜࡣࠊ࡝ࡇࡲ࡛ᐜㄆᛶࡀಖࡓࢀࡿ࠿ࡣ᛹ࡋ࠸ࠋᡭẁㄞࡳࡢሙྜࡣࠊࡑࡢືモࡀ⾲ࡍ⾜Ⅽ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚㐨ࢆసࡿ (creation of a path) ࡜࠸࠺ࢽࣗ࢔ࣥࢫࢆฟࡍࡓࡵࠊpush ࡸ elbow
ࡢࡼ࠺࡞ືモ࡟ẚ࡭ࡿ࡜ࠊeat ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡛㐨ࢆసࡿ࡜࠸࠺≧ἣࡣ⌧ᐇୡ⏺࡛ࡣ㝈ࡽࢀࡿẼࡀࡍࡿࠋࡋ࠸࡚ゝ࠼ࡤࠊ࠾ⳫᏊࡢᐙ࠿ࡽእ࡟ฟࡿࡓࡵ࡟ቨࢆ㣗࡭ࠊ⬺ฟ㊰ࢆసࡿ࡞࡝ࡢሙྜࡣᐜㄆᛶࡀୖࡀࡿྍ⬟ᛶࡣ࠶ࡿࠋ6 ࡘࡲࡾࠊWay ᵓᩥࡢᐜㄆᛶ࡟ࡣࠊᡃࠎࡀᣢࡘୡ⏺ⓗ▱㆑ࡶ኱ࡁࡃ㛵ࢃࡗ࡚ࡃࡿࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ ࡇࢀࢆ㋃ࡲ࠼࡚ࠊḟࡢᫎ⏬࡛ࡢ Way ᵓᩥࡢ౑⏝ࢆぢ࡚ࡳࡼ࠺ࠋ࣏࢖ࣥࢺࡣࠊࡇࡢࢭࣜࣇࡣேࢆ႞ࡽ࠺ࢰࣥࣅࡀ⶝ᘏࡿୡ⏺࡛Ⓨࡏࡽࢀࡓࡶࡢ࡜࠸࠺Ⅼ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ

6ࡓࡔࡋ➹⪅ࡀᑜࡡࡓ࢖ࣥࣇ࢛࣮࣐ࣥࢺ࠿ࡽࡣࠊ࠾ⳫᏊࡢᐙࡢቨࢆ㣗࡭࡚✰ࢆ✵ࡅࠊࡑࡇ࠿ࡽ⛣ືࡍࡿሙྜ࡟ࡣࠊeat ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃdig ࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ Way ᵓᩥࢆ౑࠺࡜࠸࠺㏉⟅ࢆᚓࡓࠋ   (15) Dr. Caldwell : The mothers were there, too. They were... empty. Cored. All their organs devoured.
Melanie: By hungries?

Dr. Caldwell : No. From the inside.
Melanie: Babies can’t eat people.

Dr. Caldwell : These ones did. The mothers were probably all infected at once, in a single incident.
Then the embryos they were carrying took the infection as well... through the placenta.
They ate their way out.

<00:52:04> (The Girl with All the Gifts, 2016)఍ヰࡢ≧ἣ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡣࠊࡲࡎ Dr. Caldwell ࡀ⏘㝔࡛Ⓨぢࡉࢀࡓዷ፬ࡢ㑇యࡣࠊ⮚ჾࡀఱ⪅࠿࡟㣗࡭ࡽࢀ࡚యෆࡀ✵ࡗࡱ࡛࠶ࡗࡓ࡜㏙࡭ࠊMelanie ࡀࡑࢀࡣࢰࣥࣅ (hungries) ࡢ௙ᴗ࠿࡜ၥ࠺࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡑࢀ࡟
ᑐࡋ࡚ Dr. Caldwell ࡣࠊእ㒊࠿ࡽ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃ⮚ჾࡣෆ㒊࠿ࡽ㣗࡭ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡓࡢ࡛⫾ඣࡢ௙ᴗ࡛࠶ࡿ࡜㏙࡭ࠊࢰࣥࣅ໬ࡋࡓ⫾ඣࡓࡕࡣẕぶࡢ࠾⭡ࢆ㈎ࡾ㣗࠺ࡇ࡜࡛ࠊయእ࡬࡜ฟࡓࡢࡔ࡜ㄝ᫂ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋᩥ⬦࠿ࡽศ࠿ࡿࡼ࠺࡟ࠊࡇࡢሙྜࡢ eat ࡣ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟㐨ࢆసࡿࡓࡵࡢᡭẁ࡛࠶ࡾࠊWay ᵓᩥࡢᡭẁㄞࡳࡀಖドࡉࢀࡿࡇ࡜࡟࡞ࡿࠋࡍ࡞ࢃࡕࠊᡃࠎࡢ⌧ᐇ♫఍࡛ࡣ࠶ࡾᚓ࡞࠸≧ἣࡉ࠼ࡶ⏕ࡳฟࡋ࡚ࡃࢀࡿࡢࡀᫎ⏬࡛࠶ࡾࠊ(15) ࡢࡼ࠺࡞఍ヰࢆ౑࠼ࡤࠊⱥㄒᏛ⩦⪅࡟࡜ࡗ࡚ศ࠿ࡾࡸࡍ࠸ eat ࡢᡭẁㄞࡳࡢ౛♧ࡀྍ⬟࡟࡞ࡿࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ ྠࡌࡃࠊࢰࣥࣅࡀ⶝ᘏࡿୡ⣖ᮎࢆᥥ࠸ࡓసရࡢ (16) ࡢ఍ヰࢆ⏝࠸࡚ࠊᡭẁㄞࡳࡀᣢࡘᅔ㞴ᛶࡢྵព࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡶ⪃࠼࡚ࡳࡼ࠺ࠋࡇࡇ࡛ࡣࠊᩛࡢ㝕ᆅ࡟₯ධࡍࡿ᪉ἲࡀヰࡋྜࢃࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
(16) Daryl: He got muscles?

Michonne : Paramilitary wannabes. They have armed sentries on every wall.
Rick: You know a way in?

Michonne : The place is secure from walkers, but we could slip our way through.
<00:11:48> (The Walking Dead, S3, E7, 2012)Way ᵓᩥ࡟⮳ࡿࡲ࡛ࡢ఍ヰ࡛ࡣࠊ┦ᡭ᪉࡟ࡣṊ⿦㞟ᅋࡀ࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࡸࠊᩛ㝕ᆅࡢ࿘ࡾ࡟ࡣࢰࣥࣅ
(walkers) ࡀ࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀヰࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞ᩥ⬦࠿ࡽࡣࠊᩛ㝕ᆅ࡬ࡢ౵ධࡢᅔ㞴ᛶࢆឤࡌࡿࡇ࡜
ࡀ࡛ࡁࠊࡑࡢ࠺࠼࡛ slip ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡛ᅔ㞴ᛶࢆࡇ࠼࡚⛣ືࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ Way ᵓᩥࡀୖᡭࡃ⾲⌧ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ ௨ୖࠊ2 ࡘࡢ࣮࣍ࣛᫎ⏬ࡢ౛࠿ࡽࡣࠊWay ᵓᩥࡀⓎヰࡉࢀࡿሙ㠃タᐃࡀ㔜せ࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࠊࡉࡽ࡟ࠊ㠀⌧ᐇⓗ࡞≧ἣタᐃࡲ࡛ࡶྔ࠼࡚ࡃࢀࡿࡢࡀᫎ⏬࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀศ࠿ࡗࡓࠋࡇࢀࡣⱥㄒᩍᮦ࡜ࡋ࡚సࡽࢀ࡚࠸࡞࠸ᫎ⏬≉᭷ࡢ㨩ຊ࡛࠶ࡾࠊࡇࡢࡇ࡜࠿ࡽࡶᫎ⏬ࡣࠊWay ᵓᩥࡀᣢࡘᡭẁㄞࡳ࡜ᵝែㄞࡳࡢゎ㔘࡟ᑐࡍࡿ⌮ゎࢆᡭຓࡅࡋ࡚ࡃࢀࡿ㠀ᖖ࡟᭷┈࡞ᩍᮦ࡛࠶ࡿ࡜ゝ࠼ࡿࠋ㸬ᫎ⏬ࢫࢡࣜࣉࢺ࡞ࡽ࡛ࡣࡢᏛࡧ ࡇࡇࡲ࡛ࠊᫎ⏬ࢆ౑࠼ࡤ Way ᵓᩥࡀᣢࡘ≉ᛶࢆࡼࡾ῝ࡃ⌮ゎ࡛ࡁࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ♧ࡋ࡚ࡁࡓࠋᮏ⠇࡛ࡣࡉࡽ࡟ࠊⱥㄒᩍᮦ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢᫎ⏬ࡽ࡞࡛ࡣࡢ㨩ຊ࡟㏕ࡗ࡚ࡳࡓ࠸ࠋ
 ࠸ࢃࡺࡿ༝ㄒ࠿ࡽࡢᏛࡧ ᫎ⏬ࢆᩍᮦ࡜ࡋ࡚౑⏝ࡍࡿ࡟ࡣࠊᙜ↛ࢹ࣓ࣜࢵࢺࡶᏑᅾࡍࡿࠋࡑࡢࡦ࡜ࡘࡀࠊᏊ౪ྥࡅࡢ࢔ࢽ࣓సရ࡞࡝ࢆ㝖ࡅࡤࠊᩍ⫱ୖᮃࡲࡋࡃ࡞࠸ࠊ࠸ࢃࡺࡿ F ࣮࣡ࢻ࡞࡝ࡢ༝ㄒࡀฟ࡚ࡃࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࠶ࡿࠋࡇࡢⅬࡣᫎ⏬ⱥㄒᩍ⫱࡟㛵ࡍࡿඛ⾜◊✲࡛ࡶᗈࡃᣦ᦬ࡉࢀ࡚࠾ࡾࠊᙜ↛༝ㄒࡢᢅ࠸࡟ࡣὀពࡀᚲせ࡛ࠊⱥㄒᤵᴗ࡛ᢅ࠺ᫎ⏬ࡸࢩ࣮ࣥࡢ㑅ᐃ࡟ࡣៅ㔜࡞ุ᩿ࡀồࡵࡽࢀࡿࠋࡋ࠿ࡋࡇࡇ࡛ࡣࠊ᪂⏣ (1994: 20) ࡀ㏙࡭࡚࠸ࡿ࣓ࠗࣜࢵࢺࡀ࠶ࢀࡤᙜ↛ࢹ࣓ࣜࢵࢺࡶ࠶ࡾࡲࡍࠋ≉࡟ࠊึᮇࡢⱥㄒᏛ⩦⪅࡟ࡣࢹ࣓ࣜࢵࢺࡢ 㒊ศࡀ㔜ࡃࡢࡋ࠿࠿ࡗ࡚ࡁࡲࡍࠋࡋ࠿ࡋࠊ⪃࠼᪉ࡦ࡜ࡘ࡛ࢹ࣓ࣜࢵࢺࡣ࣓ࣜࢵࢺ࡟㌿᥮࡛ࡁࡲࡍࠋ࠘
࡜࠸࠺⪃࠼᪉࡟ᚑ࠸ࠊࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞ᫎ⏬ࡢᛶ㉁ࡉ࠼ࡶά⏝ࡍࡿ᪉ἲࢆᶍ⣴ࡋࡓ࠸ࠋࡲࡎࡣ (6b) ࡛ぢࡓJackendoff (1990) ࡢ౛㸦(17b)࡛෌ᥖ㸧ࢆ⪃࠼࡚ࡳࡼ࠺ࠋ
(17) a. * Bill slept his way to New York.
b.

Sue slept her way to the top.

(Jackendoff 1990: 213)
(Jackendoff 1990: 213)

ྠࡌ sleep ࢆ౑ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ࡟ࡶ㛵ࢃࡽࡎࠊ(17a-b) ࡛ᐜㄆᛶࡢᕪࡀฟࡿ⌮⏤ࡣࠊ⾜Ⅽᛶ࡜≧ែᛶࡢ㐪࠸࡟ࡼࡿࡶࡢ࡜ࡉࢀࡿࠋࡘࡲࡾࠊ(17a) ࡛ࡣࠕ╧╀ࢆ࡜ࡿࠖ࡜࠸࠺≧ែᛶࡀฟ࡚࠾ࡾࠊࡇࡢሙྜࡣ୺ㄒ࡟ࡼࡿෆⓗไ㝈 (internal control) ࡶຠ࠿࡞࠸ࡓࡵࠊ⾜Ⅽືモࢆồࡵࡿ Way ᵓᩥ࡜ࡣ┦ᛶࡀᝏ࠸ࠋࡇࡢⅬࡣ಴⏣ (1995) ࡀᥦ᱌ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠊkeep on ~ing ࢆ౑ࡗࡓࢸࢫࢺ࡛ࡶᨭᣢࡀᚓࡽࢀࡿࠋࡍ࡞ࢃࡕࠊࠕព㆑ⓗ࡟㹼࡜࠸࠺⾜Ⅽࢆ⧞ࡾ㏉ࡋ⾜࠺ࠖ࡜࠸࠺ព࿡ࢆᣢࡘ keep on ~ing ࡣࠊࠕ╧╀ࢆ࡜ࡿࠖ࡜࠸࠺ព࿡ࡢsleep ࡜ࡣඹ㉳࡛ࡁ࡞࠸ (*Bill kept on sleeping.)ࠋ
 ୍᪉࡛ (17b) ࡢሙྜࡣࠊࠕ╧╀ࢆࡍࡿ࡛ࠖࡣ࡞ࡃࠕᯖࢆ஺ࢃࡍࠖ࡜࠸࠺ព࿡࡛ࡢ sleep ࡢゎ㔘ࡀྍ⬟࡛࠶ࡾࠊࡇࡢព࿡࡞ࡽࡤ Way ᵓᩥࡣᐜㄆᛶࡀୖࡀࡿࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡇࢀࡽࢆ㋃ࡲ࠼࡚ḟࡢᐇ౛ࢆぢ࡚ࡳࡼ࠺ࠋ(18) You can’t fuck your way out of everything.

<00:06:02> (Game of Thrones, S2, E9, 2013)ࡇࡇ࡛ࡣࠊࡍࡄయࢆ኎ࡾ≀࡟ࡍࡿዪᛶ࡟ᑐࡋ࡚ࠕఱ࡛ࡶ࠿ࢇ࡛ࡶయ࡛ゎỴ࡛ࡁࡿࢃࡅ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࠖ࡜࠸
࠺ព࿡࡛ Way ᵓᩥࡀ౑ࢃࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡼࡗ࡚ࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞ᐇ౛ࢆ౑࠼ࡤ (17) ࡛ࡢᐜㄆᛶࡢᕪࢆᤊ࠼ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀᐜ᫆࡟࡞ࡾࠊ༝⊢࡞⾲⌧ࡉ࠼ࡶࠊᢅ࠸᪉ࡦ࡜ࡘ࡛ࢥࢺࣂࡢᰂ㌾ࡉࢆ▱ࡿ୍ຓ࡟࡞ࡗ࡚ࡃࢀࡿࠋ
 ゝㄒᏛࡢ」ᩘࡢ㡿ᇦࢆᶓ᩿ⓗ࡟ぢࡿᏛࡧ ᫎ⏬࡟ࡣ᫬࡟ࠊ㠀ᖖ࡟」㞧࡞ゝㄒ⌧㇟ࡀ⤡ࡳྜࡗࡓ Way ᵓᩥࡶⓏሙࡍࡿࠋ(19) ࡛ࠊゝㄒᏛࡢ」ᩘ
ࡢศ㔝࡟ࡲࡓࡀࡿࢺࣆࢵࢡࢆ୍ᗘ࡟Ꮫ࡭ࡿࠊᶫΏࡋⓗ࡞ᙺ๭ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿ౛ࢆぢ࡚ࡳࡼ࠺ࠋ
(19) a.

Do you know how many times I’ve seen cops five-fingering their way through a perp’s spot?
<00:41:20> (Breakout Kings, S1, E1, 2011)b.

That’s why you NASCAR’d your way across Queens.

<00:19:10> (Breakout Kings, S1, E1, 2011)c.

We’ll ninja our way in.

<00:31:34> (Supernatural, S6, E22, 2011)ࡲࡎ (19a) ࡛ࡣࠊfive-finger ࡀࠕ୓ᘬࡁࢆࡍࡿࠖ࡜࠸࠺ືモ࡛౑ࢃࢀ࡚࠾ࡾࠊྡモ࠿ࡽືモ࡬ࡢ㌿᥮
(conversion) ࡀ㉳ࡇࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀศ࠿ࡿࠋ ḟ࡟ (19b) ࡣࠊ࣮࢝ࢳ࢙࢖ࢫࢆࡋ࡚㏨ࡆࡼ࠺࡜ࡋࡓ┦ᡭ࡟ᑐࡍࡿฮ஦ࡢⓎゝ࡛࠶ࡾࠊ඲యࡢព࿡ࡣ
ࠕ࣮ࣔࢱ࣮ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡢࡼ࠺࡟ࢡ࢖࣮ࣥࢬ୰ࢆ㏨ࡆᅇࡗࡓࠖ࡟࡞ࡿࠋࡇࡇ࡛ࡣࠊࡲࡎ National Associationfor Stock Car Auto Racing㸦඲⡿⮬ື㌴➇த༠఍㸧ࡀ㢌Ꮠㄒ (acronym) ࡢ NASCAR ࡟࡞ࡾࠊḟ࠸࡛ྡモ࠿ࡽືモ࡬ࡢ㌿᥮ࢆཷࡅࠊࡑࡋ࡚ືモ⏝ἲ࡜࡞ࡗࡓ NASCAR ࡀ㐣ཤ᫬ไࢆ⾲ࡍᒅᢡ᥋㎡-ed ࢆᚓ࡚ࠊWay ᵓᩥෆ࡟⌧ࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ ࡑࡋ࡚ (19c) ࡛ࡣࠊࡲࡎⱥㄒ࡟᪥ᮏㄒ࠿ࡽࡢ೉⏝ㄒ࡜ࡋ࡚ ninja ࡀྲྀࡾධࢀࡽࢀࠊྡモ࠿ࡽືモ࡬ࡢ㌿᥮ࢆཷࡅࠊninja ࡀᣢࡘ࢖࣓࣮ࢪࡢᙳ㡪࡛ࠕ㟼࠿࡟⛣ືࡍࡿࠊᚸࡧ㊊࡛Ṍࡃࠖࡢືモ⏝ἲࡀ⏕ࡲࢀࠊࡑࡋ࡚ Way ᵓᩥ࡟Ⓩሙࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ ࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞ᐇ౛ࡣࠊከ✀ከᵝ࡞ືモࢆཷࡅධࢀࡿ Way ᵓᩥࡢᰂ㌾ᛶ࡜ࠊࡑࡢ⏕⏘ᛶࡢ㧗ࡉࢆዴᐇ࡟   ≀ㄒࡿዲ౛࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡑࡋ࡚ᩍဨࡀࡇࢀࡽࡢᐇ౛ࢆⱥㄒᏛ⩦⪅࡟ᑐࡋ࡚࠺ࡲࡃά⏝࡛ࡁࢀࡤࠊWay ᵓᩥࢆ㏻ࡋ࡚ࠊ㌿᥮ࡸ㢌Ꮠㄒ࡜࠸ࡗࡓᙧែㄽⓗ࡞ヰ㢟ࡸࠊ೉⏝ㄒࡸእᅜㄒࡢὶධ࡜࠸ࡗࡓ♫఍ゝㄒᏛⓗ࡞ࢸ࣮࣐࡬࡜ヰࢆᗈࡆࡿࡇ࡜ࡶྍ⬟࡟࡞ࡿࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡇ࠺࠸ࡗࡓ㠀ᖖ࡟≉␗࡛࠶ࡾࠊࡑࢀࡺ࠼࡟⯆࿡῝ࡉࢆ࿡ࢃ࠼ࡿᐇ౛ࢆぢࡏ࡚ࡃࢀࡿࡢࡶࠊࡸࡣࡾᫎ⏬ࡢ኱ࡁ࡞㨩ຊ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ㸬ᩍᮦ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢᫎ⏬ࡢὀពⅬ ࡇࡇࡲ࡛ࠊWay ᵓᩥ࡟ᑐࡍࡿከゅⓗ࡞Ꮫࡧࢆ⾜࠺࡟ࡣࠊᫎ⏬ࡀ㠀ᖖ࡟㨩ຊⓗ࡞ᩍᮦ࡜࡞ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ㆟ㄽࡋ࡚ࡁࡓࠋᮏ⠇࡛ࡣ᭱ᚋ࡟ࠊWay ᵓᩥࡢᏛࡧࡢୖ࡛Ẽࢆ௜ࡅࡿ࡭ࡁⅬࢆ஧ࡘᣦ᦬ࡋࡓ࠸ࠋ ୍ࡘ┠ࡣࠊWay ᵓᩥ࡟⏕㉳ࡍࡿືモ࡟㛵ࡋ࡚࡛࠶ࡿࠋඛ⾜◊✲࡛ࡼࡃ඾ᆺ౛࡜ࡋ࡚ᣲࡀࡿືモ࡟ࡣࠊ
belch ࡸ moan ࡸ shout ࡞࡝ࡀ࠶ࡿࡀࠊ౛࠼ࡤᒾ⏣ (2012) ࡟ࡼࡿ British National Corpus (BNC) ࡛ࡢㄪ࡭࡛ࡣࠊࡇࢀࡽࡢືモࡢ౑⏝౛ࡣᴟࡵ࡚ᑡ࡞࠸ࡽࡋ࠸ࠋᒾ⏣ (2012: 88-89) ࡀ♧ࡋࡓ⤖ᯝࡣḟ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ㸦ᣓᘼෆࡢᩘᏐࡣぢࡘ࠿ࡗࡓ⏝౛ࡢᩘ㸧(20) a.

ࡼࡃ౑ࢃࢀࡿࡶࡢ

make (1671); find (956); work (422); force (202); push (183); pick (173); fight (146); feel (108);pay (93); wind (88); weave (60); thread (57); claw (47); talk (45); edge (43); grope (41); wend (39);
elbow, inch (35); eat, shoulder (31)b.

ఏ⤫ⓗ࡟౛ᩥ࡟౑ࢃࢀ࡚ࡁࡓࡶࡢbelch (1); moan (1); shout (0); whistle (1); yell (0)(20) ࡛ࡣࠊWay ᵓᩥࡢ⏤᮶࡜ゝࢃࢀࡿ make ࡀ⊂ࡾ຾ࡕࢆࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡀࠊ୍᪉࡛ࠊ(20b) ࡟࠶ࡿࡼ࠺࡞ືモࡣ౑⏝㢖ᗘࡀ㠀ᖖ࡟ప࠸ࡇ࡜ࡀࢃ࠿ࡿࠋࡼࡗ࡚ࠊWay ᵓᩥ࡟㛵ࡍࡿᏛࡧࢆᥦ౪ࡍࡿ㝿࡟ࡣࠊඛ⾜◊✲⤂௓࡟␃ࡲࡽࡎࠊࡇࡢᵓᩥࡢᐇ᝟࡞࡝࡟ࡶゐࢀࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ㔜せ࡟࡞ࡿࠋ ஧ࡘ┠ࡣࠊⱥㄒࡢᐇ౛᥇ྲྀ࡜ࡋ࡚ᫎ⏬ࡢࢭࣜࣇࢆ౑࠺ࣜࢫࢡ࡟㛵ࡋ࡚࡛࠶ࡿࠋḟࡢ౛ࢆぢ࡚ࡳࡼ࠺ࠋ
(21) Our most skilled guests will fight their ways to the outer limits of the park, besting fearsome braves,seducing nubile maidens, befriending tragically ill-fated sidekicks, and, of course, like all our best
narratives over the years, our guests will have the privilege of getting to know the character they’re mostinterested in.

<00:54:06> (Westworld, S1, E2, 2016)ࡇࡇ࡛ࡣ Way ᵓᩥ࡜ᛮࢃࢀࡿ⟠ᡤ࡛ࠊway ࡀ」ᩘᙧ࡟࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ2.1 ⠇ࡢᩥἲⓗ≉ᚩ࡛☜ㄆࡋࡓࡼ
࠺࡟ࠊWay ᵓᩥ࡛ࡣࡓ࡜࠼୺ㄒࡀ」ᩘྡモ࡛࠶ࡗ࡚ࡶ way ࡟ࡣ༢ᩘᙧࡢᙧែࡀồࡵࡽࢀࡿࡀࠊ(21) ࡛ࡣࡑࡢつ๎ࢆ㐪཯ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡇࡢ⌮⏤ࡢヲ⣽ࡣᐃ࠿࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࡀࠊ⪃࠼࠺ࡿྍ⬟ᛶࡢ୍ࡘ࡟ࡣࠊ₇⪅ࡢ༢࡞ࡿゝ࠸㛫㐪࠸ࡀᣲࡆࡽࢀࡿࠋࡇࡢࢩ࣮࡛ࣥࡣࠊWay ᵓᩥ࡜ᛮࢃࢀࡿ⾲⌧ࡀฟࡿࡇࡢࢭࣜࣇࡣࠊ(21)࡛ศ࠿ࡿࡼ࠺࡟୍ᩥࡀ㠀ᖖ࡟㛗࠸ࠋࡑࡢࡓࡵࠊ௬࡟ᫎ⏬ࢫࢡࣜࣉࢺ࡟ࡣ༢ᩘᙧ࡟࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡓ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡶࠊ
₇⪅ࡀゝ࠸㛫㐪࠸ࠊࡋ࠿ࡋᩥ඲యࡢព࿡࡟኱ࡁ࡞ᙳ㡪ࡣ࡛࡞࠸ࡓࡵࠊࡇࡢࢩ࣮ࣥࡢ᧜ࡾ┤ࡋࢆࡋ࡞࠿ࡗࡓ࡜࠸࠺ྍ⬟ᛶࡣ࠶ࡿࠋ ࡇࢀࡲ࡛ࠊⱥㄒᩍᮦࢆ┠ⓗ࡟〇సࡉࢀࡿࢃࡅ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ᫎ⏬࡞ࡽ࡛ࡣࡢ㨩ຊ࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊከ✀ከᵝ࡞⯆࿡῝࠸ᐇ౛ࡀぢࡘ࠿ࡿⅬࢆᣦ᦬ࡋ࡚ࡁࡓࡀࠊ㏫࡟ (21) ࡢࡼ࠺࡞౛ࡣࠊᩍᮦ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࡀࡺ࠼ࡢㄗࡾࡢᨺ⨨ࡢ౛࡜ࡶ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞౛ࡣㄗ⏝ἲ࡜ࡋ࡚᤼㝖ࡍࡿ┠ࡶࠊᫎ⏬ࢆᩍᮦ࡜ࡋ࡚౑࠺ᩍဨ࡟ࡣᚲせ࡟࡞ࡿࠋ 㸬࠾ࢃࡾ࡟ᮏ✏࡛ࡣ Way ᵓᩥࡢ⏕⏘ᛶࡢ㧗ࡉ࡟╔┠ࡋࠊᫎ⏬ࡢⱥㄒᩍᮦ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢ㨩ຊࢆ⪃࠼ࡓࠋලయⓗ࡟ࡣࠊᫎ⏬ࢆ౑࠼ࡤ Way ᵓᩥࡀᣢࡘ」ᩘࡢゎ㔘࡛࠶ࡿࠊ≀⌮ⓗ⛣ື࡜ẚ႘ⓗ⛣ືࠊ࠾ࡼࡧᡭẁㄞࡳ࡜ᵝែㄞࡳࡢ㐪࠸ࢆࠊᏛ⩦⪅࡟ࡼࡾ᫂☜࡟♧ࡏࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ☜ㄆࡋࡓࠋࡲࡓࠊᩍ⛉᭩࡛ࡣぢࡘ࠿ࡽ࡞࠸ࡼ࠺࡞ከᙬ࡞ᐇ౛ࡀぢࡘ࠿ࡿࡢࡣࠊᮏ᮶ࡣᩍᮦ┠ⓗ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ᫎ⏬࡞ࡽ࡛ࡣࡢ㨩ຊ࡛࠶ࡿ୍᪉࡛ࠊ༝ㄒࡸㄗ⏝ἲࡢⱥㄒࡀฟ࡚ࡃࡿⅬ࡟ὀពࡍࡿᚲせᛶࡶేࡏ࡚ᣦ᦬ࡋࡓࠋཧ⪃ᩥ⊩Goldberg, A.E. (1995). Constructions: A construction grammar approach to argument structure. Chicago:University of Chicago Press.
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