住宅・建築 SDGs フォーラム

第 2２回シンポジウム
2035 年 CO２排出 65%削減に向けた建築分野の取組の加速－多様なステークホルダーを巻き込む欧州を事例に－＜講演資料＞

２０２３年８月４日（金）オンラインシンポジウム
主催

住宅・建築 SDGｓフォーラム

共催

発行

編集・発行

2023 年 8 月 4 日

非売品

一般財団法人 住宅・建築 SDGs 推進センター（IBECs）〒102-0093

東京都千代田区平河町 2－8－9 HB 平河町ビル

Tel. 03‐5213‐4191＊不許複製・禁無断転載＊

プログラム（目次）

総合司会：西田裕子氏 （公財）自然エネルギー財団 シニアマネージャー
13:30～13:35【開会挨拶 】
脱炭素に向けたグローバルな枠組み（５分）

13:35～13:45（１0分）（一財）住宅・建築SDGs推進センター 理事長

下田 吉之 氏p5

宮森p15

IPCC統合報告書と建築分野【基調報告２】加速する欧州の住宅・建築物の脱炭素化政策多様なステークホルダーの参画
OECD（経済協力開発機構）上級政策分析官

1４:３0～1４:４０(１０分）

1４:４０～16:００
（80分）

p1

【基調報告１】

大阪大学大学院教授

13:45～14:30（45分）

村上 周三 氏休剛氏

憩

【パネルディスカッション】
あと10年、日本でどう進めるか。欧州の取組は日本でどう生かせるか？
司会：下田吉之氏(前出)、副司会：西田裕子氏(前出)パネリスト：（前出）剛氏

三井住友信託銀行（株）不動産ソリューション部環境不動産担当部長

伊藤 雅人 氏

東京都環境局気候変動対策専門課長

千葉 稔子 氏

p45

村上

p46

（株）ニセコまち

16：00

宮森閉会

取締役敦氏

開会

挨拶

脱炭素に向けたグローバルな枠組み（一財）住宅・建築 SDGs 推進センター理事長
村上1

周三氏

2

GHG
ProtocolSDGs

PRI

ESG

GHG

TCFD

Supply chain
Scope1,Scope2,Scope3

GRESBESG

FSB

PCAF

PRI
ESG

CDP

RE100100CDPCDP RE100
SBTi

Management component
Performance component

SBTi
GHG

CRREM

CASBEE
BELS etc13

4

住宅・建築 SDGs フォーラム 第 22 回シンポジウム

2035 年 CO2 排出 65％削減に向けた建築分野の取組の加速－多様なステークホルダーを巻き込む欧州を事例に－＊＊＊＊＊＊＊基演

題

ご講演者：

調報

IPCC 統合報告書と建築分野

下田吉之氏

大阪大学大学院教授

5

告 １

＊

6

1IPCC

2023.8.4

21.1

7

:
2014

IPCC

2015

COP21

2016
26(520502018)2020 102021 4(22021 102022 3802050
2030

IPCC

2013

2030

46342021

8

5:

TJ

:100300

2400
LPG

250

20002001600

150

1200

100

800

50

400

001990

1995

2000

2005

2010

2015

2020

697NDC

IPCC AR6IPCC
20192035

IPCC AR68102050

151920192030

IPCC AR6Fig 3.5

11

61.5

11

2500
CO2(CDR)(IMP-Ren)(IMP-LD)(IMP-SP)(IMP-Neg)
non-traditional
traditional

IPCC AR6 WG3 Fig3.8

SDGs

12

shimoda@see.eng.osaka-u.ac.jp
IPCC
IPCC
https://www.ipcc.ch/3
https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/wg3/

13

14

住宅・建築 SDGs フォーラム 第 22 回シンポジウム

2035 年 CO2 排出 65％削減に向けた建築分野の取組の加速－多様なステークホルダーを巻き込む欧州を事例に－＊＊＊＊＊＊＊基演題

ご講演者：

調報

告 ２

加速する欧州の住宅・建築物の脱炭素化政策
多様なステークホルダーの参画

宮森剛氏

OECD（経済協力開発機構）上級政策分析官

15

＊

16

SDGs

Senior Policy AnalystCities, Urban Policies and Sustainable Development Division
Centre for Entrepreneurship, SMEs, Regions and Cities (CFE)@OECD_local

01

www.linkedin.com/company/oecd-local

www.oecd.org/cfe

OECD© OECD | Centre for Entrepreneurship, SMEs, Regions and Cities | @OECD_Local |

17

2

01
02
03

LCA

04
3

Climate Crisis
Source: IEA, World Energy Outlook, 2022•

100

IPCC AR6 Synthesis Report (March 2023)

•••

2030
Source : OECD, Cities in the World Policy Highlights, 2020

© OECD | Centre for Entrepreneurship, SMEs, Regions and Cities | @OECD_Local |184

Cost-of-living Crisis
OECD2022

140

Total

120

100

OECDFoodEnergy

9.4% (2022)

80

1988

60

40

200

Source: OECD (2023[), Inflation (CPI), https://doi.org/10.1787/eee82e6e-en.

© OECD | Centre for Entrepreneurship, SMEs, Regions and Cities | @OECD_Local |5

Global Context
40%

CO295%(EU)(Source: https://www.unep.org/resources/publication/2022-global-status-report-buildings-and-construction)© OECD | Centre for Entrepreneurship, SMEs, Regions and Cities | @OECD_Local |196

EUSource: EU Building Database(W/m2K, 2017)

1945

23%

13%

16%

26%

Heat loss

9%

10%4%(%)

1980

65%

EU28

**1%7© OECD | Centre for Entrepreneurship, SMEs, Regions and Cities | @OECD_Local |EU climate ambitions
2015

2019

2020

2021

2022

COP 21
Paris Agreement

European Green Deal

Fit for 55 package
Renovation Wave
EU taxonomy

EPBD revision
COP 26

RePowerEU

2050

EuropeanGreenDeal
Fit for 55Package

EU Taxonomy

EU, Fit for 55 Package, Renovation
Wave, 2030S,nearly zero energy building

1990

10%

EPC(energy performance certificate)
5000m2

2030

2023

:

GHG 55%

EPBD

2020

Renovation
Wave
EPC (Energy performance certificates): EPC A
15%

2020
HVAC

290kW

:Source: BIPE 2022, World Green Building Council 2022, Global ABC 2021

© OECD | Centre for Entrepreneurship, SMEs, Regions and Cities | @OECD_Local |20

8EU climate ambitions
2015

2019

2020

2021

2022

COP 21
Paris Agreement

European Green Deal

Fit for 55 package
Renovation Wave
EU taxonomy

EPBD revision
COP 26

RePowerEU

Renovation Rate:
EPC G
2030
E2033
GEPBD
2027

RePowerEUF2030

EF
15%

RePowerEU plan

Energy Consumption Reduction:
15%
EU
MEPS Minimum energy performance standards
EPCE
Life-Cycle Assessment (LCA):

2023

EU
2021
41%

2027

2030

2022

89%

Source: Revision of the Energy Performance of Buildings Directive (europa.eu), REPowerEU (europa.eu)

9© OECD | Centre for Entrepreneurship, SMEs, Regions and Cities | @OECD_Local |Raw material
extraction

Deconstruction andDemolition

Transport tomanufacturing point

Transport to disposal
facility

Manufacturing andfabrication

Waste processing forreuse, recovery orrecycling

Transport to Projectsite
Construction andinstallation processP2P© OECD | Centre for Entrepreneurship, SMEs, Regions and Cities | @OECD_Local |21101)

Korea

Germany
Renewable Energy Source Act(EEG 2023)
2030
80%

2017
Source: IEA, Korea Electricity Security Policy, 2023

California, US

Source: BMWK, New impetus for renewables 2022

(2024PV)(2019 Building Energy Efficiency Standard)
Source: California Energy Commission, 2019 Building Efficiency Standards

65%

PV2023.1(2022 Building Energy Efficiency Standard)
Source: California Energy Commission, 2022 Building Efficiency Standards

Source: Reuters, “German cabinet approves bill to phase out oil and gas heating systems”, 2023

11© OECD | Centre for Entrepreneurship, SMEs, Regions and Cities | @OECD_Local |2), 3) EV ready, 4) DR readyEU

San Francisco, US
Climate Action Plan

The Smart Readiness Indicator (SRI)
smart readiness
EU2040(2021)

Source: San Francisco Environment Department, All-Electric New Construction Ordinance

San José, US

Source: European Commission, Smart readiness indicator

Electrify San Jose
Framework(2021)

Australia(2023EV ready)(2022)
EV
Source: City of San Jose, Building Electrification

Source: IEA, The evolution of energy efficiency policy to support clean energy transitions, 2023

© OECD | Centre for Entrepreneurship, SMEs, Regions and Cities | @OECD_Local |2212

010203LCA0413

1750

80020%

15025010050

Source:CBS - Statistiek hoofdverwarmingsinstallaties woningen

Source: IEA Energy Efficiency Indicators, Residential sector detailed data and indicators© OECD | Centre for Entrepreneurship, SMEs, Regions and Cities | @OECD_Local |2314

Heat Transition Vision(OECD)Heat Transition Vision))(2022 OECD60 (%)
40200(n = 26)

Co2

Climate Agreement (2019)•2021
Transition Vision(2022 OECDHeat)•(n = 26)

15

© OECD | Centre for Entrepreneurship, SMEs, Regions and Cities | @OECD_LocalUnder|
preparation

OECDA(CBS, 2020)

Purmerend
National Average

Almere68%
7%

National Average(RVO, 2022)

60%30%(VNG, 2018)

Pekla(OECD survey on Decarbonising Buildings in Cities and Regions in the Netherlands, 2022)

Utrecht
Brunssum

40 FTEs
2 FTEsNational Average

21%
8%Energy poverty is calculated based on the proportion of households with low income (inthe bottom 25%) and high gas consumption (top 50%).

© OECD | Centre for Entrepreneurship, SMEs, Regions and Cities | @OECD_Local |24

16Natural Gas-free Neighbourhood Programme (PAW)
66(59)•400-500€•Neighbourhood of Zandweerd in
the municipality of Deventer

Source: PAW in practice: Zandweerd in Deventer | Natural Gas-Free Neighbourhoods
Programme (aardgasvrijewijken.nl)

17© OECD | Centre for Entrepreneurship, SMEs, Regions and Cities | @OECD_Local |

01

1.

2.

Q

PV

(2022 OECD)

11%
5%

(“.”
“84%(n=19)

Source: OECD Survey on Decarbonising Buildings in Citiesand Regions in the Netherlands 2022

© OECD | Centre for Entrepreneurship, SMEs, Regions and Cities | @OECD_Local |25

18

(OECD)
QQ(n = 26)(n = 26)

0507

1020

Source: OECD Survey on Decarbonising Buildings in Cities and Regions in the Netherlands 2022

© OECD | Centre for Entrepreneurship, SMEs, Regions and Cities | @OECD_Local |0119

DHWHAT map

WHEN map
DHSource: Hoe en wanneer aardgasvrij? - Duurzaam 010

Source : Rotterdam aardgasvrij: Wat betekent dat voor mijn wijk? - Duurzaam 010© OECD | Centre for Entrepreneurship, SMEs, Regions and Cities | @OECD_Local |

26

20

01
•
•DHHP

Source: https://www.deel-energie.nl/energie-projecten/32-collectieve-inkoop-woningisolatie

21© OECD | Centre for Entrepreneurship, SMEs, Regions and Cities | @OECD_Local |Q(OECD)

EU(%)

Source: OECD Survey on Decarbonising Buildings in Cities and Regions in the Netherlands 2022
© OECD | Centre for Entrepreneurship, SMEs, Regions and Cities | @OECD_Local |27

22

Iterative chance-by-chance approach
Respond withavailablemeans

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Step 1•Encounterunexpected
problemApply thelesson learned

Step 1•
••
•
•

8 800

•

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Step223© OECD | Centre for Entrepreneurship, SMEs, Regions and Cities | @OECD_Local |(OECD assessment)

()

2018

27 pilots

2020

23 pilots

2022

16 pilots

PAW….

© OECD | Centre for Entrepreneurship, SMEs, Regions and Cities | @OECD_Local |

2824

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•
•

3000500
•
--•
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9025

© OECD | Centre for Entrepreneurship, SMEs, Regions and Cities | @OECD_Local |2022OECD(10(16© OECD | Centre for Entrepreneurship, SMEs, Regions and Cities | @OECD_Local |29))

26

01

DPE

© OECD | Centre for Entrepreneurship, SMEs, Regions and Cities | @OECD_Local |

01

27

DPE

© OECD | Centre for Entrepreneurship, SMEs, Regions and Cities | @OECD_Local |

30

28

01
DPE
F

G
450kwh/GF
E
Source: https://www.ecologie.gouv.fr/diagnostic-performance-energetique-dpe© OECD | Centre for Entrepreneurship, SMEs, Regions and Cities | @OECD_Local |

2901
02
03

LCA

04
30

31

embodied carbon

01

GHG

2020-2019•
whole-life-cycle
embodied carbon
•

7.7 %
4%

(Global ABC, 2022)

embodied carbon(Source: Greenhouse gas emissions from Sweden’s economy decreased by ten percent in 2020 (scb.se))31© OECD | Centre for Entrepreneurship, SMEs, Regions and Cities | @OECD_Local |2023.4

HP

82.

2050

2030

© OECD | Centre for Entrepreneurship, SMEs, Regions and Cities | @OECD_Local |32

32

2023.7© OECD | Centre for Entrepreneurship, SMEs, Regions and Cities | @OECD_Local |HP

33

Building Breakthrough Initiative“Near-zero emission buildings”
Highly energy efficient buildings
with minimal carbon footprint,taking into account a whole lifecycle assessment (LCA)
approach, meaning using a low
greenhouse gases (GHG)
energy source, and built withlow GHG building materials
and equipment. It aims to get
as close as possible to “netzero” emissions, as apreparatory step towards fulldecarbonisation.
© OECD | Centre for Entrepreneurship, SMEs, Regions and Cities | @OECD_Local |33

34

LCA

01

System Boundary of LCA by EN15978

2011
the European
Committee for Standardisation(CEN)
EN15978:2011 standard

Source: https://www.oneclicklca.com/building-life-cycle-assessment-ebook/35© OECD | Centre for Entrepreneurship, SMEs, Regions and Cities | @OECD_Local |LCA01O
A1Danish Building 50
Regulations(BR18)
Klimatdeklarati 50
on 20222023

Klimatdeklarati 50
on 2027
Building Act502027

MPG75(RE202050(50202220252018))

2022

,, X=

A2

A3

A4

A5

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B2

B3

B4

B5

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Source: bygningsreglementet (2023), Videncenterom Bygningers Klimapavirkninger (2023), Ministry of the Environment of Finland (2021), AICVF (2021), Boverket (2023)© OECD | Centre for Entrepreneurship, SMEs, Regions and Cities | @OECD_Local |34

36

Climate declaration

01
•
•
•

2022
100kgCO2/A1

A5A1

A

A

A

B2 B4 B6 C1 C4

Source: Boverket (2020), Regulation on climate declarations for buildings, https://www.boverket.se/en/start/publications/publications/2020/regulation-on-climate-declarations-for-buildings/© OECD | Centre for Entrepreneurship, SMEs, Regions and Cities | @OECD_Local |3701© OECD | Centre for Entrepreneurship, SMEs, Regions and Cities | @OECD_Local |

3538

0139

© OECD | Centre for Entrepreneurship, SMEs, Regions and Cities | @OECD_Local |

01

2025?

• 2027(20%•),2035(20272030?

2035?

40%),2043(202780%G

2025, 2030, 2035,2040

2040)
(5)

Source: Boverket (2020), Regulation on climate declarations for buildings, https://www.boverket.se/en/start/publications/publications/2020/regulation-on-climate-declarations-for-buildings/© OECD | Centre for Entrepreneurship, SMEs, Regions and Cities | @OECD_Local |3640

RE2020 (202201CO2)

CO22022, 2025, 2028

••
•

2030

30%

40%

Source: AICVF (2021), https://aicvf.org/comite-technique/mallette-aicvf-re2020/41© OECD | Centre for Entrepreneurship, SMEs, Regions and Cities | @OECD_Local |RE202001••••

EN15804

LCA
Dynamic LCA

EN15978

RE2020 environmental impact calculation method
Adaptation
Factor

2023

2050

1$

1$

1 kg CO2 eq

Quantity

Environment
dataEnvironment
Impact* Building Adaptation Factors include = renovation + dynamic weighting + mutibuilding effect + Autoconsumption (PV)

General Weighting
Dynamic Weighting
Dynamic LCA assumes that theearlier an emission occurs, thegreater its impact on global
warming potential; the later itoccurs, the lower its impact.

1 kg CO2 eq

Source: AICVF (2021), https://aicvf.org/comite-technique/mallette-aicvf-re2020/© OECD | Centre for Entrepreneurship, SMEs, Regions and Cities | @OECD_Local |37

42

RE202001

E+ C- (2016)

RT2012(2019)

RE2020CO2

E+ C- (2016)

Source: AICVF (2021), https://aicvf.org/comite-technique/mallette-aicvf-re2020/© OECD | Centre for Entrepreneurship, SMEs, Regions and Cities | @OECD_Local |MPG

01
•43

Embodied Carbon

•

1.0
2021

110.819•

Source: RVO (2023), Environmental Performance Buildings - MPG, https://www.rvo.nl/onderwerpen/wetten-en-regels-gebouwen/milieuprestatie-gebouwen-mpg.

© OECD | Centre for Entrepreneurship, SMEs, Regions and Cities | @OECD_Local |

38

44

01
2021:
2021.71.0.

•.

GPR Building•
Decree, MRPI (MPG) and DGBc Materialentool

Source: Green Deal Environmental performance calculation of buildings (MPG), RVO

45© OECD | Centre for Entrepreneurship, SMEs, Regions and Cities | @OECD_Local |Nationale Milieu Database NMD01••
BIMEPD

www.milieudatabase.nl© OECD | Centre for Entrepreneurship, SMEs, Regions and Cities | @OECD_Local |

3946

01
• LCA

MPG
EN15804© OECD | Centre for Entrepreneurship, SMEs, Regions and Cities | @OECD_Local |

4701
•
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MPG

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MPG

•
Upfront

embodied carbon

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• EPD
© OECD | Centre for Entrepreneurship, SMEs, Regions and Cities | @OECD_Local |40480102
03

LCA

04
49

01
LCA

DHEVLCA•LCA••AD•••EPD•© OECD | Centre for Entrepreneurship, SMEs, Regions and Cities | @OECD_Local |

4150

NPO

© OECD | Centre for Entrepreneurship, SMEs, Regions and Cities | @OECD_Local |51

OCDE CFE

42

住宅・建築 SDGs フォーラム 第 22 回シンポジウム

2035 年 CO2 排出 65％削減に向けた建築分野の取組の加速－多様なステークホルダーを巻き込む欧州を事例に－パネルディスカッション＊

テーマ：あと 10 年、日本でどう進めるか。欧州の取組は日本でどう生かせるか？
司 会：（前出）下田 吉之氏
副司会：（前出）西田 裕子氏
パネリスト:（前出） 宮森剛 氏

三井住友信託銀行（株）不動産ソリューション部環境不動産担当部長 伊藤 雅人 氏
東京都環境局気候変動対策専門課長 千葉 稔子 氏（株）ニセコまち 取締役 村上43

敦 氏

44

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22024

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452025.

SDGs

NISEKO450

SDGs

NISEKO450

46

2023 年度

住宅・建築 SDGｓフォーラム第 22 回シンポジウム

2035 年 CO2 排出 65%削減に向けた建築分野の取組の加速－多様なステークホルダーを巻き込む欧州を事例に－
非売品
発行
編集・発行

2023 年 8 月 4 日
一般財団法人 住宅・建築 SDGs 推進センター（IBECs）〒102-0093 東京都千代田区平河町 2－8－9 HB 平河町ビル
Tel. 03‐5213‐4191＊不許複製・禁無断転載＊