Internet-by-Design
1. Global
2. Unique system on the Earth
3. Provision of Alternatives
4. Respects running system
5. Best effort
6. Transparency and end-to-end principle
7. Social eco-system
8. Independency, autonomous and distributed
1

Innovation comes out by copying
By Prof. T.Inoue of Waseda Univ.

• There are horizontal copy and vertical copy
– Horizontal : Improvement– Vertical : Innovation(*) flying up (= abstraction) and swoop down (=apply) at different site.
Higher altitude corresponds to higher abstraction and looks obvious at the end.
Lower altitude goes to near site, where a lot of competitors (i.e., Red-Ocean).

• Business or research {is “also” copying}
1. Anti-theses of conventional works
2. Find out a difference/uniqueness, based on conventional works
3. Propose new idea/knowledge through the combination(=copying) of some
legacy works.

Internet by Design
1. Global➔ Nation/Government is a stakeholder
2. Unique system on the Earth
3. Provision of Alternatives
4. Respects running system
5. Best effort
6. Transparency and end-to-end principle
7. Social eco-system
8. Independency, autonomous and distributed3

After Internet Before Internet“Economy” =Community to run financial activity◆ Village
Economy andRegulation is◆ Cityidentical◆ Nation◆ Multi-National Company
Economy is➔ Global Company larger than
Regulation◆ Global Citizen

【Community over global infrastructure【logical platform 】

Multi-Home【federated structure】

Transparent
5

International vs. Global
International

GlobalFederated

Platform

Bilateral➔ point-to-point rule

Multi-lateral & Multi-Stake-Holders➔ common rule

Exploitation and AsymmetryZero-sum

National government is leading role

National government is an one member,i.e., Multi-Stake-Holder

United Nations

WEF, World Economic Forum

6

Challenge of Global Platform• You can store and compute the data,

wherever you want on the earth.
• You may want to control where the datais stored or is processed on the earth.
• Recognized as “national security issue”. Then,it would leads to government regulation/law• Business and company is larger foot-print thancountry/government….i.e.,“Global economy”.
(*) We may say country as “economy”.

7

8

9

G7 Ise-Shima Summit in Japan 2016
✓We strongly support an accessible, open, interoperable,
reliable and secure cyberspace as one essential foundation foreconomic growth and prosperity✓We commit to facilitate the free flow of information toensure openness, transparency and freedom of theInternet, and a fair and equal access to the cyberspace
for all actors of digital economy while respecting privacy anddata protection, as well as cyber security.
✓We commit to promote a multi-stakeholder approach toInternet governance .

Internet by Design
1. Global➔ Nation/Government is a stakeholder
2. Unique system on the Earth ➔ Connected is the Premise
3. Provision of Alternatives
4. Respects running system
5. Best effort
6. Transparency and end-to-end principle
7. Social eco-system
8. Independency, autonomous and distributed
11

Business conflict……
• 5W1H;– when, where, who, what, why, how◆Academic or politician ; xx-ever✓Whenever, wherever, whoever, whatever, how-ever✓Equality (平等・公平)◆Business ； only-xx✓Only now, only you, only here……
✓Fairness (公正)12Big enemy/hurdle for thebusiness of Big-Data andArtificial Intelligence

Unbundling= On-line“De-Silo-ing”

Vertical integration(closed system)“Vested”
interests Horizontal integration(co-operative platform)
13

Discussion with Japanese government
in 2000, e-Japan with IPv6
andin 2016, Society 5.0 with De-silo-ing

14Vision in 2000
by Jun MuraiSociety 5.0

by Japanese gov. in 2016
= De-Silo-ing & digitally connectedData
Sharing
platform
among
all
the
industries
分野間データ連携基盤の整備に向けた方針(2018年4月)
for Society 5.0 - April 2018 http://www8.cao.go.jp/cstp/tyousakai/datarenkei/3kai/3kai.html• P.4
なお、当該基盤の構築のプロセスにおいては、統一的な技術仕様の策定や実装を待つことなく、迅速に（agileに）分野間のデータ連携が行われることを目指すべきであり、その実現に向けて、共通語彙、ＡＰＩ、メタデータの仕様等を広く公開し、利用・導入される技術仕様の透明性を確保する
ことで、相互接続性・連携稼働性を向上し、データ連携の促進を図る。すなわち、分野間の相互接
st
続性の実現を優先し、分野毎のデータ連携基盤の構築にあたって培われた開発・実運用の経験を共有しさらに当該システムにその知見を取り込みながら、継続的なＰＤＣＡサイクルによる段階的整備を迅速に（agileに）実現させることが必要である。

1. Standardization is not purpose
2. Internetworking is the 1 priority
3. We got protocol translation capability• P.15-16iii）相互運用性の確保
4.
We
need
transparency
toconnect– 既に様々なデータ、システムが稼働しているところであり、データフォーマット、語彙、メタデータ、ＡＰＩ等を全面的に標準化ありきで進めるのではなく、相互運用性を優先し、変換機能の実装など、技術的な解決手段によって、合理的に実現するべきである。
5. Agile development platform– 民間等の独自のデータ提供サービス構築等を阻害することなく、できるところから連携を進めていくことが重要である。また、ＩＣＴ技術の進展に合わせて将来的な変更・アップグレードを前提とした考えのもとで、柔軟なシステム構築を目指すべきである。
6. Sharing experiences(Coopetition & cooperation)

Where should we go ?
ViableWalledGardenEnclosure/Lock-on

Monetization

Exclusive/Proprietary
Command& Control
Censorship

Regulation

Well
Controlled

Control

New Business
Model

CommonPoolOpen access

Cooperative/Open

Decentralized& Distributed

No-Rule/No-Regulation)

BoutiqueDependent & Stubborn)

What is the core discipline andobjective of Intellectual Property
and copyrights?

<個人>

<個人>

発明

<公的場所>

Too strong
regulation andrestriction

<個人>

発明

<公的場所>

思考
思考

発明
公開 & 利用

発明

思考

思考

思考
発明

<個人>

<個人>

公開 & 利用<個人><個人><公的場所>

発明
思考

思考

発明

思考
<個人>

Engagement andencouragementof collaboration

発明

公開 &
利用
思考

発明

<個人>

公正(fairness) vs 公平(equity)• 公平 ; equity– “結果として”の 不偏 (impartiality as a result)– 苦労しなくても 同じ 結果を提供。。。

• 公正; fairness, justice– “手続・規則の” 不偏・不変 (equality of opportunity/process)➢公平・公正の実現には、賢い手段が必要になる。

出典／madewithangus.com 和訳／廣川 景俊さん

経済学者に聞く「世襲と格差」〜機会の平等を実現する3つの視点〜

http://www.historist.jp/articles/entry/themes/society/048985/

Internet by Design
1. Global➔ Nation/Government is a stakeholder
2. Unique system on the Earth ➔ Connected is the Premise➔ not optimize, intentionally
3. Provision of Alternatives
4. Respects running system ➔ Practice principle, than theory
5. Best effort
6. Transparency and end-to-end principle
7. Social eco-system
8. Independency, autonomous and distributed
24

Realize “Internet” Architecture• Internet is the “logical” structure,
not the TCP/IP nor structure
constructed by switches ,routers or servers.
• “Internet “ provides “commons”, Dr. Robert Kahn
where all the digital information on the globe istransparently transmitted and shared• The key of “Internet architecture” is provision of“Alternatives”.

✓ Opportunity for alternatives to survive✓ Do not ask how to use (transparency & Neutrality)➔ innovative technology finds”unexpected” usage
Necessity is not mother of
invention, Invention is mother ofnecessity(Melvin Kranzberg second law)26

Sharing Economy,
One physical asset by multiple payoff

Efficiency ⇑“5S” in factories
for TQC➢Seiri (整理)
➢Seiton (整頓)
➢Seisou (清掃)➢Seiketsu (清潔)➢Shitsuke (躾)Quality ⇑Incidents ⇓Energy ⇓【RoI】

【RoI】

Multiple
Payoff

TQC(注) 『衆知 経営』(by 松下幸之助)

Innovation

Platformbased onInternet
By
DesignEnergysavingBCP

for “Open-Data”
1. User can to access and to use the lawful data,with the same way.
2. User can connect/put the sensor, that does notharm the network, with their choice, with thesame way.
3. User can provide service using the open-data.
29

Green Univ. of Tokyo Project• GUTP, established in June 2008.
• 46 private companies and 20 NPOs (as of January 2012)• Eng.Building No.2, in Hongo Campus– Targeted reduction; 15% in 2012, 50% in 2030
– 12 floor high, R&D and R&E activities– Established October 2005

• 5 major campus and new I-REF building• More than saving energy– Sustainability– New functions and business• Global Standard• IEEE1888• NIST SGIP CoS• ISO/IEC JTC1 SC6• Chinese GB

Energy Saving at The University of Tokyoin Summer of 2011
Peak
Peak
Total
(2011)(2011)(2010)

RoI

Major 566 MW 69%
campus ($60M/yr) (△31%)75%-78%(22%-25%)

less than
1 month56%
Eng. No2
1 MW
Bldg.
($1M/yr) (△44%)69%(△31%)

2 yrs【Contributions】
1. Multi-Vender for sustainability
2. Global Standards for procurement
3. No-Government funding
Procurement and Operation guide for The Univ. of Tokyo
http://www.tscp.u-tokyo.ac.jp/documents/tokyodaigakukouikisetubinet.pdf

IEEE1888 System Architecture
GW, Storage, APP Binding(Management Plane)

User Interface
Reporting
Data Analysis
Command Submission

Data Archive
Rendezvous Point
for GWs, APPs

TCP/IP Network

HTTP and XML

Virtualization of
Input/Output

Proprietary Circuits
CSV Files, …

33

Independency ofIEEE1888 System ArchitectureSW
players
GW, Storage, APP Binding
User Interface(Management Plane)from HW, i.e.,
SDN
Reporting
Data Analysis
Command Submission

TCP/IP Network

Data Centric for
Data Archive
1. Transparency
Rendezvous Point
for GWs, APPs
HTTP and XML
2. BigData
Virtualization ofIntegration and
Input/Output

Interoperability
via GW for legacy andProprietary
Circuits{new}uniquesystems
CSV Files, …

34

Smart Meter

With Smart Phone
Smart Kiosk

Smart Tap

Smart Lights

ReceiverSmart HVAC
SmartTapSmart Meter

With Smart Phone
Smart Kiosk

1. Multi-vendor✓ More than 10 vendors
Tap thanSmart
Lights2.SmartMore
2,000
points3. Energy saving in 2011Smart HVAC
✓ 44%(peak), 31%(total)
4. 2 year RoI
ReceiverSmartTapSmart Meter

With Smart Phone
Smart Kiosk“Real” Benefits;
1. Emergency responding
capability,
i.e.,
BCP
with
Smart Tap
Smart Lights
realizing critical assets
Smart HVAC
2. Collection of behavior of
equipments and people
for Big-Data analysis
ReceiverSmartTap

Private Cloud in our Lab.
Achievement: Saving 71% (2.52kW)!

BeforeFaculty’s shared servers 0.647kW
Web, mail, DNS, group tool
（Essential servers…）
Infra-servers of our Lab. 1.595kW

After

Private cloud (stable)
0.794kWXen
Xen
VMwareESXi

No failure since April 11

Nexsan SATABeast
Private cloud (experimental)

web/mail/radius/dns/document/misc
bld2-guest-gw/mozilla-miror/storage

Students’ machines

Xen
0.700kWx10
Infra-servers in another Lab.

0.623kWXen

Private cloud in another Lab.

0.153kW
0.100kW

Xen
Using inexpensive model：HP ProLiant DL120 G6/G7

Private Cloud in our Lab.
Achievement: Saving 71% (2.52kW)!

BeforeAfter
RoI of investment
Faculty’s shared servers
0.647kWPrivate cloud (stable)➔ 6 months (w/ Xen
PUE=2.0)0.794kW
Web, mail, DNS, group tool
（Essential servers…）
1.595kWInfra-servers of our Lab.

Xen
VMwar
e ESXi“True” benefits for us;Nexsan SATABeast
0.153kW
1.Manageability Xenof system
Xen
Students’ machines 0.700kW
2.BCP for power incidents 0.100kW
x10
Xen
Infra-servers
in another0.623kW
Lab.
3.Comfortableenvironment
web/mail/radius/dns/document/misc
bld2-guest-gw/mozilla-miror/storage

No failure since April 11

Private cloud (experimental)

Private cloud in another Lab.

Using inexpensive model：HP ProLiant DL120 G6/G7
44Strategic Energy Saving in Tokyo ?
1. Move and accommodate servers in the offices into iDC ,hosting service, will lead to 15% energy saving
2. Vitalize the servers and integrate into a single physicalmachine, i.e., cloud computing, will lead to 40% energy
saving.

-15% with legacy hosting

CO2 Emission

Server A

Server B

Server C-40% withcloud hosting
Virtualization
Server A
Server B
Server C

Strategic Energy Saving in Tokyo ?
1. Move and accommodate servers in the offices into iDC ,hosting service, will lead to 15% energy saving
2. Vitalize the servers and integrate into a single physicalEnergymachine, i.e., cloud computing, will lead to 40% energy
saving.

“Consumer”-15% with legacy hosting
CO Emission↧
to ”Saving”,-40%
i.e., withcloud
hosting“Nega-watt”
2

Server A

Server B

Virtualization
Server A
Server B
Server C

by Data Center
Server C

2011年東日本大震災; “Computer-Go-To-DataCnter”
Discussion with Tokyo about Data Center
1. 2008; DC consumes a lot of power, so it is a devilish evil existence(*) Get out of Tokyo. We didn't realize that I would lose a good industry
2. 2010; In total, DC is a good guy who contributes to reducing power consumption(*) {Bonus}: I wonder if online accounting will contribute tax evasion and revenue.
3. 2012; DC prevented the collapse of the Japanese economy in 3.11 for BCP① Prove earthquake resistance of Japanese quality buildings and equipment② In the Greenhouse Gas (CO2) Environmental
Ordinance, apply exceptions to data centers.
③ To reduce the amount of electricity usedat business establishments

With data center (15% reduction)
Cloud service (40% reduction)
47

Recommended to use Cloud and DC.

Googleデジタル化による炭素排出量大幅削減• 企業や自治体がオンプレミスからGoogle Appsに移行することで最大85％の省エネ効果を達成できると、グーグルが試算している。
– グーグルは2021年6月27日、企業や自治体がオンプレミスからGoogle Appsに移行することで最大85％の省エネ効果を達成できるとする試算結果をブログで紹介した。「クラウドサービスの利用で作業効率の向上に加え、エネルギー
消費量や二酸化炭素の排出量の減少とコスト削減につながる」としている。
– 試算によれば、企業や自治体がメールシステムをオンプレミスからGmailに移行することで、最大80倍のエネルギー効率が得られるという。さらにオフィス
アプリケーションを含めてオンプレミスからGoogle Appsに移行すれば、省エ
ネ効果は65～85％に達するとした。
– 同社によると、1万7000人の「Google Apps for Government」ユーザーがいる米国一般調達局（GSA）ではオンプレミスからの移行で二酸化炭素排出量が85％削減され、年間想定では28万5000ドルのコスト削減効果につながったとしている。

Google2021年4月23日• 米グーグルは同社における「脱炭素」の進捗状況を20214月20日（米国時間）に発表した。2030年までにデータセンター（DC）やオフィスなどを二酸化炭素（CO2）を排出しない
カーボン・フリー・エネルギーで24時間365日運営する目標を掲げており、既に5カ所のDCでその目標をほぼ達成したとする。
• 進捗状況はスンダー・ピチャイ最高経営責任者（CEO）名義のブログで発表した。グーグ
ルは脱炭素の取り組みを3つのステップに分類している。
① 第1ステップは自社が排出するCO2に相当するカーボンオフセット(CO2排出権)を購入する「カーボンニュートラル」で、グーグルは07年になし遂げた。
② 第2ステップは同社の年間電力使用量に相当する再生可能エネルギーを購入する「100%リニューアブル（再生可能エネルギー）」で17年に達成した。

【クラウド型データセンターが都会から疎開可能になった!!】➔ DataCenter-Go-to-RenewalEnergyPowerPlant(REPP)③ そして第3ステップとしてDCやオフィスが消費する電力を常時クリーンエネルギーでまかなう「24/7 カーボンフリー(24時間365日脱炭素)」を30年までに達成する。

Tokyo Institute of Technology,
Green Hills,No.1 Bldg

HQ, Otsuka Corp.

Chiba Univ.
Best Current PracticeAgriculture plant
for Commercial Building
1. Facility management control byInternet Tech. (i.e., IEEE1888)
2. Servers
gone to Data Center
HitachiInfo& Telehave
Eng Ltd.
Nakai Development
Center= No serverroom in the bldg
SEIKO Solutions
Factory in Thailand

Microsoft Japan
HQ in Tokyo

Microsoft Japan
HQ in TokyoCANON S Tower(Canon MJ HQ)

Tokyo Institute of Technology,
Green Hills,No.1 Bldg

HQ, Otsuka Corp.

【Finance: Lifetime Cost with comfortable office】
Chiba Univ.
1. Before; Reduce Initial cost for new office (BS)Agriculture
plant
Best
Current
Practice
2. During; Reduce running cost & comfortable (PL/CF)
Microsoft Japan
for Commercial
Buildingrestoring cost (BS)3. Migrate; Reduce
HQ in Tokyo
1. Facility management control by【Security:i.e., Risk management】
Internet
Tech. BCP,
(i.e., IEEE1888)
Microsoft
Japan
1.
Intellectual
property
protection
2. Servers
gone to Data Center
HitachiInfo& Telehave
Eng Ltd.
Remoteincidents (e.g., disaster)
Nakai Development
Center= No2.server
roomon-line
in the office,bldg againstHQinTokyo➔ as well as support of handicapped employees
SEIKO Solutions
Factory in Thailand

CANON S Tower(Canon MJ HQ)【RoI】

Multiple
Payoff

TQC(注) 『衆知 経営』(by 松下幸之助)

Innovation

Platformbased onInternet
By
DesignEnergysavingBCP

“Cloud-by-Default” for multiple pay off(June 2018 by Japanese gov.)

1. “De-silo-ing” of isolated departments for sharing platform forsustainable digital innovation, by distributed data repository(not centralized) using such as LOD(Linked Open Data).
2. Cyber Security by experts, “security-by-design”
3. Reduction of CAPEX and OPEX, including head counts
4. BCP against natural disasters
5. Energy saving for reduction of carbon footprint against global
warmingInternet by Design
1. Global➔ Nation/Government is a stakeholder
2. Unique system on the Earth ➔ Connected is the Premise
3. Provision of Alternatives ➔ not optimize, intentionally
4. Respects running system ➔ Practice principle, not theory
5. Best effort
6. Transparency and end-to-end principle
7. Social eco-system
8. Independency, autonomous and distributed54

Skelton & Infill By Prof. Nicholas John Habraken (MIT)55

Weather forecasting Few day's weather forecast proves right.
◼ But, one week forecast may not be right……

sensitivity to initial conditions
Initial “very small difference”
results huge difference in the end(Chaos theory)➔Optimized/fixed system can not survive➔ 『Think globally, act locally』
56

56

Internet by Design
1. Global➔ Nation/Government is a stakeholder
2. Unique system on the Earth ➔ Connected is the Premise➔ not optimize, intentionally
3. Provision of Alternatives➔ Practice principle, than theory
4. Respects running system
5. Best effort➔ Without spoil and no limitation
6. Transparency and end-to-end principle
7. Social eco-system➔ One for All, All for One
8. Independency, autonomous and distributed57

How the Internet works ?
1. Network of networks
a. Mercy is not for the people (deliver others’ packets)
b. All participants are owner and operator
2.

Deliver digital package to destinationa.

Deliver any type of contentb.

Use any transmission mediac.

Forget the digital package, once hand it to
the neighborBest Effort

59

How theInternet works ?
Logistics
1. (*)
Network
networks
digital of
packagecorresponds to “container” or
One isfor
All,
One;(deliver others’ packets)
innot
logistics
systema. “pallet”
Mercy
forAlltheforpeople
Yours
are
mine
and
mine
is
yours
!
(*)
“humanbeing”
can
do
the
same
as
“digitalb. All participants are owner and operator package”

2.
Deliver the
packageto thetodestination
2. Deliver
digitalpackage
destination
a.a. Deliver
anyanytypeof physicalobjectDelivertype
of content
b.b. Use
Useanyanytransmission
transmissionmedia
media
c.c. Forgetthedigitalpackage,once
off-load
Forgetthedigitalpackage,once
hand it tothethepackageneighborand take care the next
package.

60

Enough quality by Best Effort
1. “Guaranteed” service is actually “Best-Effort”➢ If beyond its capability/capacity, it fails.
2. “competition” leads to quality improvement➢ Opportunity of alternatives➢ Replace-ability (by Open and module structure)

3. Because daily service is “best-effort”,
continue services even in abnormal/emergency➢ Continue service, even with low quality
61

【Q.】 Quality assurance of currency・・・ Can be “Best-Effort” ?
✓ bartering has a veto, self value evaluation, and self-responsibility➔ Currency represents common value measures (＝Mediation media)✓ Currency is a common mediation media for the transactions in physical domain✓ Then, it is enough that common mediation media (=Currency) can be transferred
after all the transactions….. Most of business transactions do not need real money.
✓ So….it looks just fine 『Cyber First, Physical last』 ?
✓ Then, we need the trust of transaction record (=信用)✓ There is no 100% in trust. ➔ We may need insurance✓ Insurance:

1.

Risk reduction due to actions by self-responsibility

2.

Best effort competition Eco-system with self-responsiblity

Wide variety of businessI.

Why banks use mainframe computer ?
✓ No calculation error !!! By IBM CPU (POWER)

II. Google/FaceBook vs, Amazon/Yahoo!
✓ A/Y; No error because of Online-Shopping(*) However, it is far relaxed than banks !
✓ G/F; None could criticize their results……
(*) Now, how about the date for decision making in
professional organizations ?
64

Wide variety of businessI.

Why banks use mainframe computer ?
✓ No calculation error !!! By IBM CPU (POWER)

II. Google/FaceBook vs, Amazon/Yahoo!
✓ A/Y; No error because of Online-Shopping(*) However, it is far relaxed than banks !
✓ G/F; None could criticize their results……

Guaranteed

Best Effort(*) Now, how about the date for decision making in
professional organizations ?
65

Wide variety of businessI.

Why banks use mainframe computer ?
There are calculations;
Guaranteed✓ No calculation error !!! By IBM CPU (POWER)(1) any bit error can not be allowed, and
II. Google/FaceBook
vs, Amazon/Yahoo!
(2) (2) some bit errors
can be allowed !!!
✓ A/Y; No error because of Online-Shopping
However,(*) However, it is far relaxed than banks !
makingtheirfor high
profit rate or high risk
✓ Especially
G/F; Nonedecision
could criticize
results……
business may need only few significant figures ”with Best Effort
probability” (=uncertainness), but large amount of data to(*) Now, how about the date for decision making indeliver the figures.
professional organizations ?
66

Internet by Design
1. Global➔ Nation/Government is a stakeholder
2. Unique system on the Earth ➔ Connected is the Premise
3. Provision of Alternatives ➔ not optimize, intentionally
4. Respects running system ➔ Practice principle, than theory
5. Best effort➔ Without spoil and no limitation
6. Transparency and end-to-end principle➔ Sharing knowledge and solve issue by themselves

7. Social eco-system➔ One for All, All for One
67
8. Independency, autonomous and distributed

Positive spiral between C/S and P2P
1.

CS： Main Frame
Ethernet＋Leased line

2.

P2P： UNIX Work Station
Dial-up3.

CS： ISP(Internet Service Provider)+ Data Center

Broadband
4.

P2P： File sharing
Grid computing

5.

CS： Google information factory
３G, LTE, WiFi

6.

P2P ： Smart-Phone, Tablets

7. CS : Mobile Cloud ?

8. P2P : Edge-Heavy ?

Data Center
A.I /DeepLearning
69

Improvement of computers per decade in a past
1960s

1970s

1980s
WS

1990s
PC

2000s
Note

factory

OfficeCPU(MIPS)

0.1

Memory
(GB)

2010s

1

10

100

1k

10k

0.01

0.1

1

10

100

1k
(1T)

Weight
(g)

10k

1k

100

10

1

0.1

Mobility

10-15

10-12

10-9

10-6

10-3

1

SmartPhone

Mobility＝MIPS x GB ÷g （improve 103 per decade)Now, in 2020scloud architecture in the back-end
at Data Centeris expanding
into IoT space, “fog” or “edge-heavy”
computing, in the front-end

Improvement of computers per decade in a past
1960s

1970s

1980s
WS

1990s
PC

2000s
Note

factory

OfficeCPU(MIPS)

0.1

Memory
(GB)

2010s

1

10

100

1k

10k

100k

0.01

0.1

1

10

100

1k
(1T)

10k
(10T)

Weight
(g)

10k

1k

100

10

1

0.1

0.01

Mobility

10-15

10-12

10-9

10-6

10-3

1

10-3

SmartPhone

2020s
ボタン

Mobility＝MIPS x GB ÷g （improve 103 per decade)Now,
Improvement of computers per decade in a past

AI
1960s
1970s the1980s chip1990s !2000s 2010s
insidePCNotefactory

Office

WS

2020s
ボタン

CPU
(MIPS)

0.1

1

10

100

1k

10k

100k

Memory
(GB)

0.01

0.1

1

10

100

1k
(1T)

10k
(10T)

Weight
(g)

10k

1k

100

10

1

0.1

0.01

Mobility

10-15

10-12

10-9

10-6

10-3

1

10-3

SmartPhone

Mobility＝MIPS x GB ÷g （improve 103 per decade)well…

BeyondIndustry 4.0

New Requirements✓Latency {by M2M}
✓Privacy & Security✓Resiliency{against disconnect}

Industry 4.0

5G ?

ところで、、5G って？？
【3つの ”Killer” サービス】

1. 超広帯域 (eMBB) ➔ 28GHz 帯は、光に近い、、、
2. 超低遅延 (μRLLC) ➔ エンド側に高機能を実装、、、
3. 超多数 (mMTC)➔ 集中型では スケールしない、、、
うれしそうな、5G の 特長
1. ローカル5G (周波数割当) ・・not 寡占・モノポリー
2. 電話網の呪縛からの解放(SAシステム, NFV)
➔ インターネット黎明期と似た事業構造 ?

Internet by Design
1. Global➔ Nation/Government is a stakeholder
2. Unique system on the Earth➔ Connected is the Premise➔ not optimize, intentionally
3. Provision of Alternatives
4. Respects running system➔ Practice principle, than theory
5. Best effort➔ Without spoil and no limitation
6. Transparency and end-to-end principle➔ Sharing knowledge and solve issue by themselves

7. Social eco-system➔ One for All, All for One
8. Independency, autonomous and distributed➔ Keep diversity for survive76Where should we go ?
ViableWalledGardenEnclosure/Lock-on

Monetization

Exclusive/Proprietary
Command& Control
Censorship

Regulation

Well
Controlled

Control

New Business
Model

CommonPoolOpen access

Cooperative/Open

Decentralized& Distributed

No-Rule/No-Regulation)

BoutiqueDependent & Stubborn)

What happed in IT & Internet industry➢Re-build of business structures based on “userinitiated” discipline
De-Silo-ing➢ Disruption of Silo(Stove&Pipe) business structure➢ Open technologies (got a space of unique technologies)➢ Ownership of data belongs to end-user➔ (End-to-End, Transparency, Neutrality)➢ Migration of business chain from PUSH to PULL
➢ Global business is promises➢ Digital Defined (= Native Digital, Digital{Cyber} First)

DIY

White-xx&

DevOps79

DevOps: Eco-System New Supply-Chain

User defined

PUSH(Supply-Chain)⇨ PULL(Demand-Chain)
Pressure

サービス

コンピューティング･リソース

Vendor defined
価値の変換

PressureOnly one physical computeron the earth !!!
Does not need copies ☺

The Internet is for everyone
1.

Single and unique on the Globe, not multi-national,
but by multi-stake-holder(MSH).
2. Across national boundaries, to empower individual,organization, community and society
3. Common, open, transparent1, end-to-end, cooperating,collaborative2 and digital sharing platform– Distributed, autonomous and social platform, i.e., one for all, all for one

4.
5.

Providing alternatives and opportunities for innovations
Digital platform with best effort & end-to-end3 discipline
1) “No” Man-In-the Middle, e.g., no censoring for End-to-End encryption2) Collaborative security by ISOC(Internet Society)3) End-node includes “server”, as well as clientISOC Strategic Action on Security
1. “Collaborative Security” for restoring the “trust”
in the Internet
a. Core-internet security (focusing on routing and DNS)
b. Security for IoT system (under reviewing)

2. Collaboration by Multi-Stake Holder
3. End-to-end encryption (protecting individual)
4. Policy developments around trust and security

Innovation comes out by copying
By Prof. T.Inoue of Waseda Univ.

• There are horizontal copy and vertical copy
– Horizontal : Improvement– Vertical : Innovation(*) flying up (= abstraction) and swoop down (=apply) at different site.
Higher altitude corresponds to higher abstraction and looks obvious at the end.
Lower altitude goes to near site, where a lot of competitors (i.e., Red-Ocean).

• Business or research {is “also” copying}
1. Anti-theses of conventional works
2. Find out a difference/uniqueness, based on conventional works
3. Propose new idea/knowledge through the combination(=copying) of some
legacy works.

Copy and apply the essences anddiscipline of Internet’s- Structure- Implementation- Operation
to the other business domains