UNFPA
Afghanistan
th April 201219
Activities andBangkok

Challenges

Dr. Laurent Zessler
Country Representative, UNFPAChallenges¾34 years in conflict¾Transition of security responsibility(international military withdrawal)¾Contraction of (war) economy, revenues &jobs¾Reduction of Official Development Assistance¾Security situation

Afghanistan Today: The HumanDevelopment Context¾Land‐locked, disaster‐prone¾Over 50% population below poverty line
¾Population displacement – 500,000 conflict
induced Internally Displaced Persons, 25%
population returnees; unplanned urbanization

UNFPA Reproductive HealthComponent

In line with :¾ANDS (Afghanistan National Development
Strategy);¾Afghanistan Millennium DevelopmentGoals (MDGs);• Capacity development – policy, institutionaland human resources at national, provincial
and especially at community level

UNFPA Reproductive HealthComponent¾Family Planning services¾Sustainable accessible services for un(der)served
populations and marginalized communities;¾Mobile Health Team => Community Midwifery¾Education training => establishment of Family HealthHouses;¾Bamiyan, Daikundi, Faryab, Badakhshan, and Herat;¾600,000+ unserved people covered;Achievements in Reproductive
healthAccording Afghanistan Mortality Survey 2010
¾ Maternal Mortality Ratio 327 per 100,000 livebirths¾ Skilled birth attendance at 34%

UNFPA Gender Component
In line with :¾UN priority¾Afghanistan National Development
Strategies¾Afghanistan MDG and CEDAW(Convention on the Elimination of All
Forms of Discrimination against Women)

UNFPA Gender Component
Prevalence and concerns:¾ A study shows that up to 87.2% of women face one
form of violence¾ Forms: physical, psychological, sexual,forced/early marriage¾ Limited comprehensive Gender‐based Violence datacollection mechanism¾ Limited referral mechanism and limited capacity ofservice providers’ to respond and prevent GBVUNFPA Gender Component• Strengthening capacity of the National Police
Academy on addressing Violence against Women.
Manual and course developed and training has beencompleted;• Strengthening capacity of health providers on
psychosocial support to GBV survivors. Since 2009,
500 health care providers and 500 community .

Data in AfghanistanÎFirst ever attempt at conducting acensus dates back to 1979ÎLack of available population data forevidence‐based planning, programme
development and project monitoring

Data in AfghanistanÎAfghanistan Population and Housing Census
was planned for August 2008 with funding
support from:Government of Japan,
European Commission,
Italy,Norway,Estonia,
UNFPAÎCensus, however, was aborted due to security
problems in one‐third of the districts

Support for Socio‐Demographicand Economic Survey
Î To respond to growing demand for data at

the lowest geographic level, the Socio‐Demographic and Economic Survey wasconceptualized by CSO and UNFPAÎFirst large‐scale data collection undertaken
after the 1979 population censusÎFirst implemented in Bamiyan Province, nowin Ghor and Daikundi provincesÎSDES in three provinces is being
supported by the Government ofJapan

SDES ‐ Indicators
Î Age, sex, migration, education, literacy, functionaldifficulty, employment, fertility, mortality, birth
registration, and housing characteristics
Î Estimated population by age and sex for eachvillage
Î Socio‐demographic and economic data at thedistrict level, and even at the level of: individual urban sub‐divisions, and major villages,
 as well as clusters of smallervillagesHighlights of Bamiyan SDES
Age Group

Population Pyramid: Bamiyan, September 2011
Male75+70 ‐ 74
65 ‐ 69
60 ‐ 64
55 ‐ 59
50 ‐ 54
45 ‐ 49
40 ‐ 4435 ‐ 3930 ‐ 34
25 ‐ 29
20 ‐ 24
15 ‐ 1910 ‐ 14
5‐90‐4Female

1050
Percentage

510

Population Density

Provincial Center: 45
Saighan :15
Yakawlang :11
Waras :
25

Shibar:19
Kahmard: 26
Panjab : 24
Bamiyan Province: 20

Proportion of population aged 10 years orolder, by literacy rate, sex and district70%

Male60%Female50%
40%
30%
20%
10%
0%
Provincial
CenterShibar

Bamiyan Province:
Both Sexes :31.7%

SaighanKahmard

PanjabWarasYakawlang

Male : 45.4%

Female : 16.5%

Net primary enrollment rates

Average household sizeProportion of households by main sourceof energy for lighting
2%

1%

15%

21%
61%

Solar

Electricity

Kerosene lamp

Gas lamp

OthersProportion of households, by main
source of energy for heating
Animal dung: 69.1%
Coal : 14.0%
Wood: 9.9%

Proportion of households, by access toimproved source of drinking water
120%

100%

80%
58%
60%58%
71%

75%

87%

83%

85%

83%

13%

17%

15%

17%

PanjabWaras40%

42%

20%

42%
29%

25%
0%
BamiyanProvincial
CenterShibarSaighan

Improved

Kamhard Yakawlang
Not ImprovedProportion of households, by tenure status ofdwelling unit
0.6%
3.9% 0.9%

7.5%
Owned
RentedPledgedRent‐free
87.1%

Others/NR

Support for Central Statistics
Organization capacityÎRecruited about 800 residents of Bamiyan Province,and some 2300 residents of Ghor and Daikundi;
UNFPA provided technical assistance on how tocollect and process dataÎData Processing Center was established in theseprovinces – computers, internet connection,furniture were provided to CSO Provincial OfficeSupport for CSO Capacity
Building under SDES
ÎCapacity building being provided by UNFPAExperts:
 Trainings for CSO Staff (national and provincialstaff):‐ Basic financial and accounting‐ Survey/census planning and management‐ CensusInfo‐ CSPro – data processing software‐ Basic GIS and mapping‐ Statistical Data Analysis

Support for CSO Capacity Building
under SDES
ÎInfrastructure capacity building: Construction of additional data processing
rooms, training rooms Purchase of computers, printers, andsoftware for processing and GIS Purchase of motorcycles, GPS units, media
equipment and satellitephones

Way Forward
Î SDES will be implemented in the rest of the provinces until
2016/19
Î Thanks to the Government of Japan the SDES reached already 3of the 34 provinces providing evidence‐based information
related to almost 2 million of the total population and to 1
million of women equal to around 10% of the Afghan women.
Î Support from donors is being solicited by UNFPA for the rest ofthe provinces
Î It is expected that by undertaking this process CSO will be able
to build its capacity to plan, collect,analyze, and disseminate data on theirown with minimal technical assistancefrom international experts

Challenges Ahead
Voters’Registration

E‐Tazkeera

Socio‐
DemographicandEconomicSurvey

Thank You