SEEDS

Strategic Explorations of Exoplanets
and Disks with Subaru
本ファイルでは未発表データを省いてあります

HiCIAO2011.9.72011
9 7 9:40-10:00@ Kyoto Univ.

M TamuraM.

on behalf ofthe HiCIAO/AO &SEEDS team (~110 member)

AO188

今日の話の内容
 イントロ：系外惑星観測のまとめ
 SEEDSとは？
 歴史
 現状
 マネジメント
 まとめ

SEEDS –Strategic Exploration ofExoplanets and Disks with Subaru





First “SubaruSubaru Strategic Program (SSP)(SSP)” – a new open-use
open use category
120 Subaru nights in 5 years
Direct imagingg g and census of g
giant pplanets in the outer regionsg(a few - 40 AU) around ~500 solar-type and massive stars
Exploring protoplanetary disks and debris disks for the origin of theirdiversity and evolution at the same radial regions
Direct linking between planets and protoplanetary disks⇒>100AU00
scalelw/ CIAO？

Solar System
Solar-System
Scale (<50AU)
w/ HiCIAO disk data shown laterSubaru/HiCIAO+AO188+SCExAO•

HiCIAO: High Contrast Instrument for the next
generation Adaptive Optics– For Subaru 8.2m telescope– PI & CoPIs: Motohide Tamura (NAOJ), Klaus
Hodapp (UH), Ryuji Suzuki (NAOJ)– Based on a previous Japan/MEXT grant (~100%)••

Combined with the curvature-sensing AO with188 elements (Hayano, Takami et al.) andSCExAO1024 upgrade (Guyon, Martinache)
Commissioned mainly in 2009 with AO188•

Specification and Performance– 2048x2048 HgCdTe detector and ASIC readout– Wavelengths: 1 – 2.5 microns (NIR)– Observing modes: DI,DI PDI (dual beam),beam) SDI(quad beam), & ADI; w/wo occulting masks(>=0.1"); 10mas/pixel– Contrasts on-sky: 10^-6 at 1", 10^-4 at 0.15"• RoughlyR
hl 10 times
tib tt thanbetterth CIAO,CIAO as specifiedifi d– New features constantly introduced (4chpolarimetry, window-mode ASIC readout)

Four observation modes of HiCIAO: DI, PDI, SDI, ADI
Direct Imaging (DI) mode

Polarization Differential Imaging (PDI)
modeCamera

10”

20”

Wollaston Prism

Spectral Differential Imaging (SDI) mode

5”

Angular Differential Imaging (ADI) mode

SEEDS Short History(2004)(2007)(2008)(2009)(2010)(2011)(2014)Sep
HiCIAO project officially started (MEXT Tokutei fund)Mar 27
SSP Call for Proposal issued
Jul 31
Application submitted to Subaru (Two proposals)
Aug 8
SEEDS got through the first screening
Nov 14
Hearing by the TAC & (other?) referees
Dec 3
HiCIAO Telescope First Light without AO188
Feb 1
First SEEDS workshop
Feb 12
Reply to SAC on SEEDS "team formation" and each roleMar 28
SEEDS proposal accepted by SAC & TAC (PV required)
Mar-Sep Extensive target re-selection in each category started
Sep 3-4
SEEDS all-category meeting (Mitaka)
Dec 21
HiCIAO Telescope First Light coupled with AO188
Jan 17
SEEDS all-category meeting (Mitaka)
Mar 9-12 Kona international workshop
Oct 1
Performance Verification passed
Oct 30-Nov 1
32 clear
1st SEEDS run
Dec 22-25
44
2nd SEEDS run
Jan 22-24
33
3rd SEEDS run(Feb, Apr, Jun
allocated but cancelled due to AO-DM trouble! )Nov 30-Dec 2
32
4th SEEDS run
Dec 25-28
40
5th SEEDS run
Jan 27-31
53
6th SEEDS run
Mar 24-27
42
7th SEEDS run
May 20-25
65
8th SEEDS run(July
allocated but canceled due to telescope coolant trouble)
Aug2.5
1.5
9th SEEDS run
34.5
22.5 (65% clear)
To be end of the SEEDS Survey

SEEDS Target/Observation Summary
Planet searches

Disk searches

(b)

(c)

(d)

SFR YSOs

Open cluster& MovingGroup

Nearby stars& WDs

Protoplanetary

Target #210*

60+40

140*+37

Same targets as(a)70557

Distance~140 pc<~125 pc<~30 pc~140 pc<~130 pc

Target balance
can change

Age

1-10
110 Myr

10~100 Myr

100 Myr- 1 Gyr

1-10
110 Myr

5 Myr- 6 Gyr

Observed

30

16+32

69+1

Same targets
as (a)

30

HAT-P-7,
GJ758-Im＆Sp

Same as (a)(HR4796A)

One-YrOY
paper

Same as (a)Incl. Fup
RefereedPublications

LkCa15,
AB AurDraftsDftin prep.

UX Tau, RY Tau,
AB Aur(JK),Aur(JK)
LkCa15 FU,
MWC480, TW
Hya, SAO206462

One-YrOY
paper eachdisks

(e)

Total
number(a)Category

Debris disks

178
Including multiple
observations

5+(1)~10Note that we usually need one year interval for proper motion tests.
But early results from the 2009 runs have already been published.
So far, 5 papers published, 1 submitted, ~10 drafts in prep.Summaryy of Earlyy Results

Direct imaging of planet candidates around an
old G-type star GJ758, (commissiong)
記者会見1
Th lThalmann
ett al.l 2009,2009 AApJL,
JL 707
707, 123
123.
Search for outer massive bodies aroundtransiting planetary systems: Candidates of faintstellar
t ll companionsiaroundd HAT
HAT-P-7,
P7
Narita et al. 2010, PASJ, 62, 779
Imagingg g of a transitional disk g
gap
p in reflected
light: Indications of planet formation around theyoung solar analog LkCa 15,
記者会見2
Thalmann et al. 2010, ApJL, 718, L87.
Near-infrared multi-band photometry of thesubstellar companion GJ 758b,
Janson et alal. 20112011, ApJ
ApJ, 728,728 85.
85
Direct imaging of fine structures in giant planet
forming regions of a protoplanetary disk around
AB AurAur,
記者会見2
Hashimoto et al. 2011, ApJL, 729, L17.

Direct Imaging of Planet Candidates
around a G Star GJ 758 GJ758=HD182488=HIP95319
GJ 758 A: G9 Type star
 V=6; Mass=0.97Mo
Mass=0 97Mo
 Distance: 16pc
 Ageg Isochrone estimate: 700Myr(Takeda et al. 2007; isochrone) GJ 758 b
 Common proper motion
 Possible orbital motion
 1010-30M30MJupiter
J it (age uncertainty)

 Follow-up with Keck, Gemini
 Narrow-band spectroscopic

confirmation
 Methane feature Janson et al. 2011

1.6 micron image with ADI
Thalmann et al. 2009

Constraint for planet formation theory
 Core accretion model (standard) Formation times scale problem forouter planets <~10 AU maybe OK HR8799, GJ758B are too far Migration to 100AU or far needs tobe studied Gravitationally instability
 Better for outer giant planets Such a massive disk is hypothetical Planet outer migration?
 Planet scattering among multiple

planetslt
 Should be considered as part ofstar formation (Machida+2010)
We hope to study their initial conditions (disks), too !

Sharpest and closest image of AB Aur Disk

AB Aur: Herbig Ae star, age=4Myr, mass=2.4Mo, distance=144pc
 The first r<40 AU & 8 AU resolution images (1.6um)
 PI image, but not POL pattern but mostly INTENSITY pattern (see Figure) Hashimoto, Tamura, Muto et al. 2011

Hashimoto et al. 2011 w/HiCIAO

Fukagawa et al. 2004 w/CIAO

How to manage the SEEDS project Instrument operation&maintenance by ESP project
office and developers

 TARGET p
proposedpbyy each categoryg y OBS conducted by expert team RED/PUB by LOI persons

 The “Rule”
Rule book + core
 Rights and duties

 Membership, Observations,Data, Publications, Follow
Follow-upsups

 Letter of Intent system

 Regular all-category meetings(monthly) Each-category meetings/ML
 YSO, OC, NS, DD, MG, WD weeklykl tto monthly,thl depending
ddion each category

 Yearly workshop hosted bymember foreign
membe
fo eign institutes
instit tes
 Data reduction workshop
 LOCI, PDI, ModelingQuick Look を作成し、SEEDSプロジェクト
メンバーへWeb上で公開
このページから生データのリクエストを行なう

Summary First Subaru Strategic Program “SEEDS” explores

direct imaging for exoplanet and their formation studies
that are crucial for detecting wide orbit planets andsubsequent studying their properties such asatmospheres and planet origin.
 In spite of several troubles on TEL/AO, the projectproceeds smoothly
py and the results are highly
g y rated.
 Some 110 people including 30% international member
are now involved in SEEDS (management/strategy).
 Early results on planet candidates and protoplanetary
disk fine structures are presented.
 GJ758,GJ758 HAT
HAT-P-7:
P 7 SUGGESTION OF OUTER PLANETS AB Aur, LkCa15, HR4796A: DISK SIGNPOST OF PLANETS Please stay tuned for coming exciting results!
 Currently supported by Specially Promoted Research.