Plankton and Benthos ResearchInformation for Authors
Scope: Plankton and Benthos Research is a peer-reviewed journal publishing quarterly
original papers, reviews and notes dealing with any aspect of the biology and ecology ofplanktonic and benthic organisms and their interactions with the environment in any aquaticsystem. Submission of a paper is held to imply that it represents an original contribution notpreviously published and that it is not being considered elsewhere.
Submission of Manuscripts: Manuscripts should be submitted to one of the Editor-in-Chiefs,
according to the contents of the manuscript. A cover letter stating why the submission isappropriate for the scope of the journal, why the manuscript will be of interest to the journal’sreadership, and explaining the novel aspects of the work, should be attached to the submitted
manuscript. If possible, please suggest 3–5 potential reviewers who have not been involved
with the study or are otherwise close collaborators with the authors. Submissions by e-mailare recommended, though submission of hardcopies (original and two photocopies) by post isalso acceptable. By e-mail, manuscripts are to be attached as MS-Word or pdf documents;
figures and tables are to be sent as separate attachment files (jpg or pdf), as Excel files, orembedded in text files.
The Editor-in-Chief of The Plankton Society of Japan
Dr. Ken Furuya, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Soka University,
1-236 Tangi, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-8577, Japan.
Phone and Fax: +81-42-691-8166, E-mail: kfuruya@fs.a.u-tokyo.ac.jp
The Editor-in-Chief of The Japanese Association of Benthology
Dr. Shigeaki Kojima, Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute, The Universityof Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8564, Japan.
Phone: +81-4-7136-6006, Fax: +81-4-7136-6039, E-mail: kojima@aori.u-tokyo.ac.jp
Copyrights: After acceptance, copyright resides with either The Plankton Society of Japan,
or The Japanese Association of Benthology, depending on which Editor-in-Chief receives themanuscript. The copyright holder is indicated on the first page of each paper in the journal. To
use the materials published in Plankton and Benthos Research, authors are requested to obtain
permission through the appropriate Editor-in-Chief.
Preparation of Manuscripts:
Please prepare your manuscript following the instructions below. A manuscript not following
the instructions will be returned without review.
Ethical responsibilities of authors and authorship principles
Authors should follow the guidelines (Section IV: Presenting Research Results) issued by
the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science(https://www.jsps.go.jp/j-kousei/data/rinri_e.pdf).

Basic style for full-length papers and notes
Manuscripts must be written in English on A4-sized sheets, leaving ample (20–30 mm)
margins. It is strongly recommended that, before submission, they be checked by nativeEnglish speaker(s) or professional language editing services if the author/s is/are not native
English speaker(s). Use double spacing throughout. Number each page in the lower marginand each line in the left margin.
The first page of the manuscript should contain: title, author name(s), affiliation(s),mailing address(es), including postal code(s), and running head of not more than 40 letters. In
full-length papers, the sequence of material should be: Abstract (page 2, not exceeding 250
words, followed by up to five key words in alphabetical order), text (from page 3, including
Introduction, Materials and methods, Results, Discussion, and Acknowledgements),
References, Tables, Figure legends and Figures. Tables and Figures can be made in separate
files from the text.
Notes up to 4 printed pages, with introduction, methods, results and discussion presented
in a single section without headings: Abstract, Key words, Acknowledgements andReferences as in full-length papers.
See recent papers, downloadable from the official website of Plankton and Benthos
Research (https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/browse/pbr).
Scientific name of taxon: All scientific names of genera and lower categories must be
underlined to appear in italics or be directly italic. The complete scientific names (genus,species, authority and year: e.g. Calanus sinicus Brodsky, 1962) should be given for eachanimal species, without the year for algae, fungi and plant species (e.g. Praestephanos suzukii(Tuji et Kociolek) Tuji), the first time they are mentioned (excluding Title and Abstract).
Generic names should be spelt out when first appearing in each headed section (Introduction,Materials and Methods, Results, Discussion) and at the beginning of a sentence. If eachsection is subdivided under subtitles (e.g. Results, Discussion), the above-mentioned style isapplied to each.
Organism occurrence data: Biogeographic data from accepted manuscripts is supplied via
the Biological Information System for Marine Life to the Ocean Biodiversity Information
System (OBIS) and therefore, to enable this, once accepted, authors are requested to send thelatitude/longitude values dates and, if applicable, collection depths for each species/organism
occurrence to the Responsible Editor.
Geographical names: Use of geographical names should follow the InternationalHydrographic Organization guidelines.
Figures and Tables: In text and legends, Figure(s) should be abbreviated as Fig(s). except at
the beginning of sentences when it should be spelt in full. Legends of tables and figures must
be self-explanatory. Figure files embedded or separately attached should be down-sized toreduce the total size of attached files (max 8MB) as far as possible for reviewing purposes.
High resolution figures for printing (pdfs) and Tables in Excel format will be requested afteracceptance.

Units and numbers: The International System of Units (SI) should be used, but Celsius isrecommended for temperature. Example: 100 ind. m–3, 2.0 cells mL–1, 0.3 mm sec–1, 40%,50.0°C.
References: References in the text should be written as follows: Abe (1986) for a single
author, Sato & Saito (1980) or (Sato & Saito 1980) for two authors, and Sato et al. (1980) or(Sato et al. 1980) for more than two authors, and be separated by commas for multiple
citations. In References, all published articles referred to in the text should be listed
alphabetically and chronologically. Refer to the following sample citations:
Journal: Kanaya G, Tanimura A, Niiyama T, Toyohara H (2019) Cellulase activity and stable
isotope signature of benthic macroinvertebrates in estuarine habitats: potential assimilationof land-derived organic matter. Plankton Benthos Res 14: 315–319.
Tuji A, Niiyama Y (2012) A checklist of Japanese aquatic blooming cyanobacteria withcomments on their taxonomy. Bull Plankton Soc Jpn 59: 30–34. (in Japanese with Englishabstract)
Aoki N (1999) Mechanism for formation of hypoxic water and its movement. Kaiyo Monthly
31: 477–485. (in Japanese)
Book: MacArthur RH, Wilson EO (1967) The Theory of Island Biogeography. Princeton
University Press, Princeton, New Jersey, 203 pp.
Pierrot-Bults AC (1997) Biological diversity in oceanic macrozooplankton: more thancounting species. In: Marine Biodiversity: Patterns and Processes (eds Ormond RFG, Gage
JD, Angel MV). Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp. 69–93.
Thesis: Malt SJ (1983) Studies on the taxonomy and ecology of the marine copepod genus
Oncaea Philippi. PhD thesis. University of London, UK.
Internet: Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, Japan (2007) Annual statistics onfishery and aquaculture production. Available at:
http://www.maff.go.jp/toukei/abstract/1_9/44a.htm (accessed on 1 May 2009)
Digital Object Identifier (DOI) of each reference is not needed in submitted manuscripts.
Electronic materials: Electronic supplementary materials can be provided to support andenhance the manuscript, including video clips, sound recordings, high-resolution color images,
animations, and background datasets. Electronic supplementary materials should be submitted
in electronic format together with manuscript files. The supplementary files will be published
online at J-Stage.

Proofs, Page Charges and Reprints: Authors will receive page proofs, which should bechecked and returned to the Publisher within 3 days of receipt. Authors will be charged forany extensive changes made to the proof. The cost of the first 10 and 4 printed pages of afull-length paper and a note, respectively, will be waived; excess costs (¥7,000 per page) will
be charged to the author(s). Author(s) should pay the costs of color prints (about ¥50,000 perpage), but color figures can be published in the online version for free. Reprints should beapplied for using the reprint order form sent out with the proofs.

Notice: Non-members as well as members of the societies are invited to submit papers of
publication in "Plankton and Benthos Research". The first 10 printed pages are free of charge.
We are looking forward to receiving submitted papers from plankton/benthos specialists
around the world.