言語処理学会 第25回年次大会 発表論文集 (2019年3月)

Ԡ౴ൃ࿩Λฉ͖΍͘͢͢ΔͨΊͷϑΟϥʔ/ϙʔζͷࣗಈૠೖʹ‫ͮ͘ج‬࿩͠‫ݴ‬༿ม‫׵‬ฏా ྒྷଠా ݈‫ޗ‬Ѩೆ޻‫ߴۀ‬౳ઐ໳ֶߍ

1134272@st.anan-nct.ac.jp, kengo@anan-nct.ac.jp1͸͡Ίʹۙ೥, ߴྸԽ͕ਐΉதͰ, ೝ஌঱Λ‫ऀྸߴ͏ױ‬ͷ૿ϙʔζΛૠೖ͢Δ͜ͱͰ, ࣗવ͞΍ฉ͖औΓ΍͢͞Λ޲্ͤ͞Δख๏ʹ͍ͭͯ‫ݕ‬౼͢Δ.

Ճ͕໰୊ʹͳ͍ͬͯΔ. ೝ஌ೳྗΛҡ࣋, ૿ਐ͢ΔͨΊʹ͸Ի੠ʹΑΔଞऀͱͷձ࿩͕༗ޮͰ͋Δ͜ͱ͕ैདྷΑΓࢦఠ͞Ε͍ͯΔ. ͜ͷ͜ͱ͔Β, ߴྸऀͷ࿩͠૬खʹͳͬͯ͘ΕΔΑ͏ͳࡶஊର࿩γεςϜ͕‫ٻ‬ΊΒΕ͍ͯΔ [1]. ͜͏ͨ͠ࡶஊର࿩γεςϜͰ͸, Ϣʔβ͕ΑΓ௕͘ର࿩Λ‫ܧ‬ଓͨ͘͠ͳΔΑ͏ʹద੾͔ͭࣗવͳԠ౴Λੜ੒͢Δ͜ͱ͕ॏཁͰ͋Δ.
ຊ‫Ͱڀݚ‬͸, ࡶஊର࿩γεςϜͷԠ౴Ի੠Λैདྷͷ3ఏҊख๏3.1ֶशϞσϧͷߏஙҎԼͷखॱͰ, Ԡ౴Ի੠ͷద੾ͳՕॴʹϑΟϥʔ΍ϙʔζΛૠೖ͢ΔͨΊͷ෼ྨ‫ث‬Λ࡞੒͢Δ.

1. ୯‫ʹྻޠ‬ରͯ͠, ֤୯‫ޠ‬ͷ௚‫ؒʹޙ‬ʢϙʔζʣ΍ͭͳ͗‫ޠ‬ʢϑΟϥʔʣΛೖΕΔ͔Ͳ͏͔Λ “0” ͱಡΈ্͛ௐ͔Β࿩͠‫ݴ‬༿ௐʹม‫͢׵‬Δ͜ͱʹΑΓԠ౴

“1” Ͱϥϕϧ෇͚͢Δ.

Ի੠ͷࣗવੑΛ޲্ͤ͞Δख๏ΛఏҊ͢Δ. ಛʹϑΟϥʔʢʠ ͋ʔ ʡ΍ʠ ͑ͬͱ ʡͱ͍ͬͨ৔‫͗ܨ‬తʹൃ੠͞ΕΔ୯‫ޠ‬ʣ΍ϙʔζʢແԻʹΑΔؒʣʹ஫໨͠, ͜ΕΒΛԠ౴Ի੠ͷద੾ͳՕॴʹૠೖ͢ΔϞσϧΛ‫ػ‬ցֶशʹΑͬͯߏங͢Δ.

2. ϥϕϧ෇͚͞Εͨ‫ྻܥ‬σʔλΛ‫ࢣڭ‬σʔλͱֶͯ͠शΛߦ͏.
୯‫ޠ‬ͷฒͼΛϥϕϧྻʹ͢Δ͜ͱͰ‫ྻܥ‬ϥϕϦϯά
໰୊ͱͯ͠ఆࣜԽ͠, Ϟσϧͷֶशʹ͸࿈ଓతͳσʔλΛѻ͏৔߹ʹޮྗ͕͋Δ‫ػ‬ցֶशΞϧΰϦζϜͷ2ؔ࿈‫ڀݚ‬ϑΟϥʔ΍ϙʔζ͕Ի੠ͷฉ͖औΓ΍͢͞΍ཧղ͠

RNN/LSTM Λ࢖༻͢Δ. LSTM ΁ͷೖྗ͸ 100 ࣍‫ݩ‬ͷ෼ࢄද‫Ͱݱ‬, ΢ΟΩϖσΟΞ೔ຊ‫ޠ‬൛ʢjawiki1 ʣΛίʔύεͱͨ͠ Word2Vec[6] ʹΑֶͬͯशͨ͠΋ͷΛ΍͢͞ʹӨ‫ڹ‬Λ༩͑Δ͜ͱ͸ɼैདྷΑΓࢦఠ͞Ε͍ͯ࢖༻͠, ӅΕ૚ͷαΠζ͸ 100 ࣍‫ͨ͠ͱݩ‬. ϥϕϧ෇Δ [2]. ҏ౻Β [3] ΍ Shiwa[4] Β͸, Ի੠ର࿩γεςϜ͚ͷྫΛද 3.1 ʹࣔ͢.

΍ର࿩ϩϘοτʹ͓͍ͯ, ࣍จΛੜ੒͢Δ·Ͱͷ଴ͪ࣌ؒʹγεςϜʹϑΟϥʔΛൃ੠ͤ͞Δ͜ͱͰ, γεςϜ͕ಈ࡞͍ͯ͠Δ͜ͱΛϢʔβʹࣔ͢͜ͱ͕Ͱ͖,Ϣʔβʹ҆৺‫ײ‬Λ࣋ͨͤΔ্Ͱ༗ޮͰ͋Δ͜ͱΛࣔ͠
͍ͯΔ. ·ͨ, ٢ాΒ [5] ͸Ի੠߹੒ʹΑΔಡΈ্͛ʹ͓͍ͯ, ϙʔζ͕ςΩετͷ಺༰Λ‫֮ײ‬త, ҙຯతද 3.1: ୯‫ྻޠ‬ͷϥϕϦϯάͷྫೖྗࠓ೔

͸(͑ʔ)ྑ͍ఱ‫ؾ‬ͩ୯‫ྻޠ‬ࠓ೔͸Fྑ͍ఱ‫ؾ‬ͩϥϕϧྻ

01000ʹଊ͑΍͘͢͢Δ໾ׂΛ࣋ͪ, Ի੠߹੒ͷࣗવੑΛߴΊΔ͜ͱΛࣔͨ͠. ͜ΕΒͷઌߦ‫͔ڀݚ‬Β΋, Ի੠ର࿩γεςϜΛઃ‫͢ܭ‬Δ্Ͱ, ϑΟϥʔ΍ϙʔζΛద੾ʹѻ͏͜ͱ͸ॏཁͰ͋Δ. ຊ‫Ͱڀݚ‬͸, Ի੠ର࿩γεςϜʹ͓͍ͯ, ಛʹԠ౴จͷจதʹద੾ʹϑΟϥʔ΍

3.2ίʔύε

ֶश༻σʔλͱͯ͠೔ຊ‫ޠ‬࿩͠‫ݴ‬༿ίʔύεʢCSJʣʹ‫·ؚ‬ΕΔֶձߨԋʢ987 ߨԋʣΛ༻͍Δ. ֶձൃද1 https://dumps.wikimedia.org/jawiki/latest/jawiki-latestpages-articles.xml.bz2― 175 ―

Copyright(C) 2019 The Association for Natural Language Processing.
All Rights Reserved.

Ͱ͸, ൃදऀ͸े෼ʹ࿅श͕ͳ͞Ε͍ͯΔͨΊ, ฉ͖10 ‫༻ݸ‬ҙ͠, ֤จষͦΕͧΕʹ͍ͭͯ 3 ͭͷύλʔϯऔΓ΍͍͢ൃ࿩Ͱ͋Δ͜ͱ͕ߟ͑ΒΕΔ. ຊ‫Ͱڀݚ‬͸,Λ༻ҙ͢Δ.

෼ྨ‫ث‬ͷֶशʹ͸ϑΟϥʔ΍ϙʔζ, ‫ఽ͍ݴ‬Έ΍‫͍ݴ‬௚͠ͳͲΛ۠ผͤͣʹશͯಉҰͷ‫߸ه‬ʢ<F>ʣͱͯ͠ѻͬͨ.

1. ੜ੒‫ͳͱݩ‬ΔจষʢϑΟϥʔͳ͠ʣ2. ద౰ͳҐஔʹϥϯμϜʹϑΟϥʔΛૠೖͨ͠จষ
3. ϞσϧΛ࢖༻ͯ͠ϑΟϥʔΛૠೖͨ͠จষද 4.1 ʹ্‫ه‬ͷྫΛࣔ͢. Ի੠ͷग़ྗʹ͸Ի੠߹੒ιϞσϧධՁ

3.3ϑτͰ͋Δ VOICEROID ʴ݄݁Ώ͔Γ ex2 Λ࢖༻͠,ֶशͨ͠ϞσϧʹจষΛೖྗͨ͠ྫΛද 3.2 ʹࣔ͢.

<F>‫߸ه‬ʢϑΟϥʔ/ϙʔζΛҙຯ͢Δʣͷ෦෼ʹ 0.5͍͔ͭ͘ͷ໊ࢺ΍ॿࢺͷ‫ʹޙ‬͸ϑΟϥʔ͕ૠೖ͞ΕඵͷϙʔζΛૠೖ͢ΔΑ͏ʹͨ͠. 11 ਓͷඃ‫֤ʹऀݧ‬Δ֬཰͕ଞΑΓ΋ߴ͍ͱ͍͏݁Ռ͕ಘΒΕ͕ͨ, ϑΟύλʔϯͷฉ͖΍͢͞ͱࣗવ͞Λ 5 ஈ֊ͰධՁͯ͠΋ϥʔ͕ૠೖ͞ΕΔ֬཰͕ 50%Λ௒͑Δ͜ͱ͸ͳ͔ͬͨ.

Β͍, ϑΟϥʔʢϙʔζʣͷ༗ແ΍ҐஔʹΑͬͯͲͷ͜Ε͸࿩ऀʹΑͬͯ͸ಉ͡୯‫Ͱޠ‬΋ϑΟϥʔͷ༗ແ͕Α͏ʹฉ͖΍͕͢͞มԽ͢Δ͔Λ֬ೝͨ͠.

ҟͳΔ͜ͱ΍ಉ͡࿩ऀͰ͋ͬͯ΋ಉ͡୯‫ޠ‬ͷ‫ʹޙ‬ϑΟϥʔΛඞͣ͠΋‫ݪ͕ͱ͍͜ͳ·ؚ‬ҼͰ͋Δ. ͦ͜Ͱ, Ԡ౴Ի੠ͷੜ੒ͷࡍʹ͸ᮢ஋ͱͯ͋͠Δ஋ΛఆΊ, ϑΟ

ද 4.3: ࣮‫͢༻࢖ʹݧ‬Δจষͷ಺༁จষͷछྨจষ਺ϥʔ͕ૠೖ͞ΕΔ֬཰͕ᮢ஋Λ௒͍͑ͯΕ͹ϑΟϥʔCSJʢΠϯλϏϡʔʣ͔Βൈਮ4Λૠೖ͢ΔΑ͏ʹͨ͠. ࠓճ͸ᮢ஋Λ 0.20 ͱͨ͠.

CSJʢֶձߨԋʣ͔Βൈਮ

3

ஶऀߟҊ

3·ͨ, ֶशʹ༻͍ͨίʔύε಺Ͱग़‫ݱ‬ස౓͕௿͍୯‫ޠ‬ͷ‫ʹޙ‬ϑΟϥʔ͕ૠೖ͞Ε͍ͯΔͱ, ͦͷ୯‫ޠ‬ͷ‫ޙ‬ʹϑΟϥʔ͕ૠೖ͞Ε΍͘͢ͳΔ. ಛʹ໊ࢺͷ৔߹,໊ࢺͷ‫ʹޙ‬ϑΟϥʔ͕ૠೖ͞ΕΔ֬཰͸Ұൠతʹ௿͘ͳΔͨΊ, ᮢ஋ΛଞΑΓ΋ߴ͘͢ΔͳͲͷରࡦ͕ߟ͑
ΒΕΔ.

4.2

࣮‫݁ݧ‬Ռ֤ύλʔϯͷฉ͖΍͢͞ͱࣗવ͞ͷฏ‫ۉ‬஋Λද 4.4
ද 3.2: ϞσϧʹจষΛೖྗͨ͠ྫ

ʹࣔ͢.
ද 4.4: ֤ύλʔϯͷධՁ݁Ռฉ͖΍͢͞ ࣗવ͞୯‫ޠ‬඼ࢺϑΟϥʔ͕ૠೖ͞ΕΔ֬཰

ϑΟϥʔ

໊ࢺ

0.1935505

͕ॿࢺ

0.2918799‫ݪ‬จʢϑΟϥʔͳ͠ʣ

3.256

3.439

ૠೖ

໊ࢺ

0.1229687

ϥϯμϜ

1.805

2.146

ఏҊख๏

3.634

3.866

͞

ಈࢺ

0.1197949

ΕΔಈࢺ

0.1194425

֬཰໊ࢺ

0.1196922

Λॿࢺ

0.1347695

ग़ྗ໊ࢺ

0.1193897

ධՁ࣮‫ݧ‬4ֶशͨ͠ϞσϧʹΑͬͯੜ੒͞ΕͨԠ౴Ի੠ͷฉ͖΍͢͞Λ֬ೝ͢ΔͨΊධՁ࣮‫ݧ‬Λߦͬͨ.

ϙʔζΛ‫͍ͳ·ؚ‬จষͱϥϯμϜʹϙʔζΛૠೖͨ͠จষͱΛൺֱ͢Δͱҧ͍͕‫ݦ‬ஶʹ‫ݟ‬ΒΕͨ. ద౰ͳҐஔʹϙʔζ͕ૠೖ͞Ε͍ͯΔΑΓ΋ϙʔζΛ‫ͳ·ؚ‬͍ํ͕ฉ͖΍͘͢, ·ͨϙʔζΛ‫͍ͳ·ؚ‬จষͱϞσϧΛ࢖༻ͯ͠ϙʔζΛૠೖͨ͠จষͱΛൺֱ͢Δͱ,ϞσϧΛ࢖༻ͨ͠ํ͕ΑΓฉ͖΍ࣗ͘͢વͰ͋Δͱ͍͏݁Ռͱͳͬͨ. Ԡ౴Ի੠ͷൃ࿩͸ϙʔζΛશ͘‫·ؚ‬ͳ͍৔߹Ͱ΋ฉ͖ʹ͍͘ͱ͍͏͜ͱ͸ͳ͘, ௕จͰͳ4.1

࣮‫֓ݧ‬ཁ࣮‫͢༻࢖ʹݧ‬Δจষ͸ CSJ ͔Βൈਮͨ͠΋ͷʢֶձߨԋͱΠϯλϏϡʔʣͱஶऀ͕ߟҊͨ͠΋ͷͱͰ‫ܭ‬͍‫ݶ‬Γ͸ฉ͖औΓ͕ՄೳͰ͋Δ͕, ϙʔζΛద੾ͳҐஔʹ‫ؚ‬Ή͜ͱͰΑΓฉ͖΍͘͢ͳΔ͜ͱ͕࣮‫͔ݧ‬ΒΘ͔ͬͨ.
2 https://www.ah-soft.com/voiceroid/yukari ex/― 176 ―

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All Rights Reserved.

‫ݪ‬จ

ද 4.1: ϑΟϥʔΛૠೖͨ͠จষͷྫϑΟϥʔ͕ૠೖ͞Εͨจষͱͦ͏Ͱͳ͍จষͰͲͷΑ͏ʹฉ͖΍͕͢͞มԽ͢Δ͔ͷ࣮‫͢Ͱݧ‬ϥϯμϜϑΟϥʔ͕ૠೖ͞<F>Εͨ<F>จষͱͦ͏<F>Ͱͳ͍จষͰ<F>ͲͷΑ͏<F>ʹฉ͖΍͢<F>͕͞
มԽ<F>͢Δ͔<F>ͷ࣮‫͢Ͱݧ‬ఏҊख๏ϑΟϥʔ͕<F>ૠೖ͞Εͨจষͱ<F>ͦ͏Ͱͳ͍จষͰ<F>ͲͷΑ͏ʹ<F>ฉ͖΍͕͢͞<F>มԽ͢Δ͔ͷ࣮‫͢Ͱݧ‬ද 4.2: ಡΈ্͛ͨจষͷྫจষ൪߸2໌೔ͷఱ‫ؾ‬Λ͓஌Βͤ͠·͢໌೔ͷ໐໳͸ฏ‫ؾۉ‬Թ̍̐౓ͰஅଓతʹӍ͕߱ΔͰ͠ΐ͏

5͜ΕͰͲΜͳ෩ʹަ‫͕༻࡞ޓ‬ग़ͯΔͷ͔͍ͬͯ͏ͷΛ෼͔Γқ͘͢Δҝʹͪ͜Βʹ๮άϥϑΛ༻ҙ͍ͯ͠ΔΜͰ͚͢ΕͲ΋࣍ʹԻ‫ʹݯ‬஫໨͍ͨ͠·ͯ͠ઌఔఆٛ͠·ͨ͠‫ͱ཭ڑ‬ͷؔ܎ʹ͍ͭͯߟ͍͑ͨͱࢥ͍·͢7࣍ʹจষ͝ͱͷฏ‫ۉ‬஋Λൈਮͯ͠ද 4.5ʙ4.6 ʹࣔ͢.

ͯ, จ຺Λߟྀͨ͠ϑΟϥʔΛબ୒͢Δ͜ͱͰࣗવੑ
ΛߴΊΔ͜ͱ͕Ͱ͖Δͱߟ͑ΒΕΔ. ·ͨ, ௨ৗͷԻ

ද 4.5: จষ͝ͱͷฏ‫ۉ‬஋ʢฉ͖΍͢͞ʣจষ൪߸ ‫ݪ‬จ ϥϯμϜ Ϟσϧ੠߹੒‫Ͱث‬ϑΟϥʔͷ߹੒Λߦ͏ͱ, ཈༲ͷෆࣗવͳϑΟϥʔ͕ੜ੒͞Εͯ͠·͏৔߹͕͋Δ. ϑΟϥʔʹ

1

3.636

1.727

4.000

ಛԽͨ͠Ի੠߹੒‫ث‬Λ༻͍Δ͜ͱͰ͞Βʹฉ͖΍͢͞

2

2.727

1.545

4.091

΍ࣗવ͞ΛվળͰ͖ΔՄೳੑ͕͋Δ [7].

7

3.000

1.429

3.286

9

3.143

1.429

3.143

10

3.143

1.571

4.000

ද 4.6: จষ͝ͱͷฏ‫ۉ‬஋ʢࣗવ͞ʣ
จষ൪߸ ‫ݪ‬จ ϥϯμϜ Ϟσϧ͓ΘΓʹ5ຊ‫Ͱڀݚ‬͸, Ԡ౴Ի੠ʹϙʔζΛૠೖ͢Δ͜ͱʹΑΔฉ͖΍͢͞޲্ͷख๏ΛఏҊͨ͠. ೔ຊ‫ޠ‬࿩͠‫ݴ‬༿

1

3.909

1.818

4.545

ίʔύεʢCSJʣͷֶձߨԋΛίʔύεʹ༻͍, ‫ྻܥ‬

2

2.727

1.909

4.455

ϥϕϦϯά໰୊ͱֶͯ͠शϞσϧΛߏஙͨ͠. ධՁ࣮

7

3.286

1.714

3.429

9

3.571

2.286

3.429

103.143

2.286

3.857

‫Ͱݧ‬͸, ϙʔζΛ‫ݪ͍ͳ·ؚ‬จʹର͠ϞσϧΛ࢖༻ͯ͠ϙʔζΛૠೖͨ͠จষͱϥϯμϜʹϙʔζΛૠೖͨ͠จষΛ࡞੒͠, ͦΕͧΕͷฉ͖΍͢͞ͱࣗવ͞ͷධՁΛߦͬͨ. ࣮‫ݧ‬ͷ݁Ռ, ϞσϧΛ࢖༻ͨ͠ϙʔζͷૠೖ͕Ի੠ͷฉ͖΍͢͞ͷ޲্ʹ༗ޮͰ͋Δ৔߹͕ଟઌड़ͨ͠Α͏ʹ, ϞσϧΛ࢖༻ͯ͠ϙʔζΛૠೖ͍͕ͨ͠, ϙʔζ͕ૠೖ͞ΕΔ‫ݪ‬จʹΑͬͯ͸ฉ͖΍͢͞จষ͕΋ͬͱ΋ฉ͖औΓ΍͘͢, ͍࣍ͰϙʔζΛ‫·ؚ‬͕޲্͠ʹ͍͘৔߹΋͋Δ͜ͱ͕֬ೝ͞Εͨ. ࠓճ͸ͳ͍จষͱͳ͍ͬͯΔ. ͔͠͠, ಡΈ্͛ΔจষʹΑͬ

CSJ ʹ‫·ؚ‬ΕΔֶձߨԋΛ࢖༻ֶ͠शΛߦ͕ͬͨ, ଞͯ͸ϞσϧΛ࢖༻ͯ͠΋͋·Γฉ͖΍͘͢ͳ͍ͬͯͳͷίʔύεΛ࢖༻ͨ͠৔߹ͷ‫ݧ࣮ূݕ‬΍ֶशϞσϧͷ͍΋ͷ͕ΈΒΕͨ. ͜ͷ͜ͱ͔ΒϙʔζͷૠೖʹΑͬධՁํ๏ͷ‫ݟ‬௚͕͠ࠓ‫ޙ‬ͷ՝୊ͱͯ͠‫͛ڍ‬ΒΕΔ.

ͯԠ౴Ի੠ͷฉ͖΍͕͢͞ඞͣ͠΋޲্͢Δ͜ͱ͸ͳ͘, ϙʔζͷૠೖ͕ߦΘΕΔ‫ݩ‬ͷจষͷੜ੒͕ॏཁͰ͋Δͱߟ͑ΒΕΔ. ࠓճ͸ϙʔζͷૠೖͷΈΛߦ͕ͬͨ, ϑΟϥʔΛૠೖ͢Δ৔߹, ϑΟϥʔͷछྨ͸௚લͷ฼ԻʹӨ‫͞ڹ‬Ε΍͍͢͜ͱ͕஌ΒΕ͍ͯΔ. ͕ͨͬ͠ँࣙຊ‫ڀݚ‬ͷҰ෦͸, ૯຿লઓུత৘ใ௨৴‫ڀݚ‬։ൃਪਐ੍౓ʢSCOPEʣͷҕୗΛड͚࣮ͯࢪͨ͠.

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