!" " " #" " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " $ 14 %" 2009 & 6 '!"#$%&(#)*+,-./0123456789:;<•••••••••••••••••••••• =>" ?"••• 3"@ABCDEFGHIJ-KL3456+MNOPQRST"•••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• UV" WXYZ" [•••12"
MnO2\]^_`abcdefgh•••••••••••••• ijdkXlmnoXp=" qXrstuXvwxyXZz" {•••19|#)}_.~." •€Ag•‚GHIƒ-R2„•"•••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• …>†‡•••28ˆ‰Š.‹_3456ˆŒAg•Ža••‘’;"••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• “”" •X–—˜™Xš=" ›•••36&'& (&rstuœ•ažŸ ¡¢¡"••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••£¤¥¦•••43"&)& *&§¨©(œ•Cª«¬•••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• ••••••••••••• l¨d-•••44"&+& ,&$ 7 N®cKL¯°±²³0‹_´µ¶·±²•¸¶¹º»¼" ••••••½m¾¿•••49
À"""ÁÂÃÄÅÆÇ" •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••51"-./$-01234••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••74&
56789:;&
ÈÉÊËÌÍ" lmÎÏ0Ð.ÑÒuÎÏ0Ð.ÑÓÎÏ0Ð. ••••••••••••••••• 76
ÈÉÊËIÔÕÖ×ØÙXÚÛÜÝ~.NÞ§ßàáâÙ••••••••••••••••••••••••• 78ãâäåXæçåXèéêå••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 79&<=>?•••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••81@,AB•••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••821

Low Temperature and Materials Sciences (Kyoto University)
Number 14, JUNE 2009

Table of Contents
Research Reports
Thermal transport measurement of spin liquid on a 2D triangular lattice••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• Minoru Yamashita •••3

Angular Resolved Nuclear Magnetic Resonance on Strongly Correlated Electron Systems•••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••Tsuyoshi Waki and Masashi Takigawa•••12

Room-Temperature Single-Step Synthesis of MnO2 Nanosheets••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••Kazuya Kai, Yukihiro Yoshida, Hiroshi Kageyama,

Gunji Saito, Tetsuo Ishigaki, Jun Kawamata••19
A One-Dimensional Bose Gasëfrom the weakly interacting gas to the strongly correlated gasë••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• Toshiya Kinoshita•••28
Real-Space Observation of Hydrogen-Bond Exchange in Water Clusters•••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••Takashi Kumagai, Masahisa Kaizu, Hiroshi Okuyama•••36

Award
Medal with Purple Ribbon awarded to Professor Gunzi Saito•••••••••••••••Hideki Yamochi •••43

Memorial
In remembrance of Prof. Yoji Nakamura•••••••••••••••••••••••••••• Kazuyoshi Yoshimura•••44

Featuring Article
Report on LTM Center Exchange Meeting 2008••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• Anju Sawada•••49

LTM Center Seminars••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••74
From Organizing Committee
Amounts of Cryogen Consumptions : Yoshida Campus, Uji Campus and Katsura Campus• •••76
Staffs contributing to Cryogen Supply and Responsible Persons for He Gas Recovery Stations• ••78
Research staffs of the LTM center, Member of the Committees : Steering Committee andorganizing Committee•••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 79

Call for Manuscript••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 81
Editor’s Note••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 82
2

研究ノート"""(#)*+,-./0123456789:;<"Thermal transport measurement of spin liquid on a 2D triangular lattice=>?"
ìío°o°îÑï°±²¯"
M. Yamashita
Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University,
Unveiling the nature of quantum-spin-liquids (QSL) states, quantum fluctuation-driven disordered ground states,
has been a central challenge in condensed matter physics. Especially the nature of the low-lying spin excitations
and the presence/absence of the ‘spin gap’ have been of great interest. Recently, NMR measurements haveshown that a QSL state is realized in !-(BEDT-TTF)2Cu2(CN)3 with a nearly isotropic 2D triangular lattice
structure. Here we report on our thermal-transport measurements in this compound down to 80~mK. We findthat the QSL state has a full gap of ~0.5 K (~J/500) and the gap is hardly affected by magnetic fields up to 10 T,
which sharply contradict recent reports of heat capacity measurements reporting a finite "-term. We will discuss
some possibilities to explain the tiny spin gap in this triangular system.
&
CD!"EFG&" ðGQñò3HóôDõ6oö÷ øùú a./0û(#)*+,-Ì3üý÷þFÿöa!"Ì#ÿ$®%&'(_)¦*+,-6•./a01*233@{¬4Ç-û‚X*+,-ÿE,56°ò7Š.`8_^90:>; ø <=>a?XE@AïBòCDCE-EKñKï3456o01aFÿG
¬46H"" 56°ò7Š.`8_^90ÿE,a*ðGQñHóôDC¤G*+,-IaJK0L./0MC
NO6ÿdPQ•ÇRõEH/aSg*TÇg,(Ga./0CðU3VW%&'(_C>XÆ,ÿ
VWYZ[Tÿ\]3-^WV@,./0û¬öWV@,_; ø:`>aH/aAbXJK0L./03
4EW*cUdM¬Y%0`e/_ûf^WV@,gøhH/aÆ,-56°7Š.`8_^90; 1" (#)./0,-ÿ7Š.`8_^90H(a)i+,-H56°ò7Š.`8_^90*jkXð
GQñlmû¾<n¬ö6H(b)*+,-HoTa./0ÿðU3¬ö-E./0ûpqõ6H(c)*+,-3456 120° rsatu;H(d)vwx,-H

3ûpqõ6M34EWycUdM3456z{|lm*pqõ6a•.}$®%&'(_)¦*}~
0-a•7•'€•0-a•X%&'(_(Ï‚ƒ*4!"#$"%&'()*+,-./01234
56708!9:" (#)*+,-34EW./0ûz{|lmCYF-E./012Ì#3cUdM¬Y„@6…†
ñC$‡3ˆVFa*Philip Anderson ¬4^F[2]H‰*Š3/a‹JŒ‹CResonating Valence BondïBÿVW•cŽ8923••V[3]X$®)¦3(Ï‚ƒa-E(Ï‚ƒ8../012û•cŽ8
92a‘’a“rÿ-^WE6…†ñC”•VFH/aŠX–Ø3—aÆ,-Ì#ûpqõ6a•X@F./012Ì#3456$®)¦*(Ï‚ƒ8.-a•X(Ï‚ƒû46a•ûKñKï345
6do˜_™ÿ-^WÁšVWEka¬46H
Anderson a RVB ïBaÁÂŠ@Y-kX$›œHóôDA5C•ÇžþFŸJ

0¡'Lt¢C£¤¥[4]¬¦§õ6ÿX120° rsÿ¨©þ6./0üý(; 1(c))û$®%&'(_CYG/ÿûˆ÷þFHƒ-ª0˜v'e¦§[5]¬Y—aÆ,-z{|lmCYGÌ#û$®%&'(_CYG/ÿûˆ÷þX«¬ò-$›œHóôDA5aŸJ

0¡'Lt¢¬-®÷þ6(#)*+,-M3*./012Ì#*pqV-EÿNO‚þWE6H" V•VX¯2•ŽHóôDC•ÇžþFªŒ'[6]¬*./0•ŽHóôDJ a•_°_a(Ï‚ƒ
CYG./012Ì#û!"Ì#ÿVWpqV,6/ÿûˆ÷þX@FŸ±_²ªŒ'3456¦§
34EWY•0³J`´’ûµ¶·¤3UVW€E¸¹34EW*./012Ì#apqûˆº÷þ
F[7]H»3YHóôDC¼¬ò3VWd#)ñCžþ6ÿ./012Ì#û¾<nõ6ïB
[8][9]-+XªŒ'a½Ç¬3Æ^W*./012Ì#a•¾a…†ñûˆ÷þWE6H" d¬X./012Ì#3456)¦3GEW*Ø‡ Anderson *(Ï‚ƒ8.Ì#C¿ÀVFûXI
®a¯2•ŽHóôDaªŒ'34EW*(Ï‚ƒa46./012Ì#ûˆ÷þX
RVB Ì#34E
WY(Ï‚ƒa46Ì#CÁÂõ6ïB
[10][11]-+X//3*ÃÄVöþ-EÅ+aïB¦§û4ÇX@÷3ÆÇÈTÌ#¬46ÿEO6HFAX—a§¬Y$›É3Ê!÷þWE6a*
S=1/2 a./0)¦û4F•YËÌaÍ--./]0•ÿVWX7•'€Î¦3ÏEXJ-aÆ,37•'€ÐC¤G
ÿE,ïB¬46[12]H/aïB3Æ6ÿ/,VF./]0û(Ï‚ƒ8.3„@^FSg3Ñ7û
ÒÓ§aJ-ÿÔÕ3##T acM3ÑÖõ6×6ØECVX789:"& *\ÙÚÛ]ÜacMÝpñ
YÞQ^W &#/T ûcMa-2/3 ß3ÑÖVW®c¬Iàõ6ÿE,233áâãEïB¦§CˆVWE
6H/aÆ,-./]0a7•'€Ð-+ÿE,aû–Ø346a•X—þû$®c@¬(Ï‚ƒ8.3ÿ+@6a•X789:*bFVW/aïBaÆ,-¼3-cMÝpñCˆõa•Xäå*—a
Æ,-01æçaYÿ3./012Ì#a789:;<C],/ÿC!”VFH
HDIJKLMNOPQRST&" /aÆ,3ïB±²ûœ]VWè@^F7Š.`8_^90MaKï¬46ûX•é3(#)*+,-C¤GªŒ'KLû-•-•EG•‚[X—a•ê±²aÁš*Ñëò$›¬46ÿEO6H
NaCrO2[15]ÿE^FKLû(#)*+,-a./0rsC¤ìX" ÒÓ¬*Cs2CuCl4[13], NiGa2S4[14]X§ñ-íî•ê-+¬—a./0rsûïð3ñò‚þWE6H/þ‚*V•VXHóôDa¼¬ñRÐ‘aHóôD3Æ6*#)ñ-+aób3ÆÇ®c¬*./0*ðGQñR 120° rs-+3l
mnVWV@,H" ÒÓaÅ•3XLŠ7ôJ`ÂÐI3õö÷þF 3He ÷-*dø!aù2øaI34/7 øÿ¨©þ
6*+,-Ì3ú«AÌ#Cô6[16]H3He aP./0* 1/2 ¬XGEƒ-û‚üaFý3*+,-I

4CÚÛÜÝ÷-û¶öN6Fý3./012Ì#û•¾VWE6a¬*-E•ÿþÿ÷þWE6H•
éX!Q:;<34EW* J/300 3HØõ6 10 µK a"®c@¬3Qñò3×ØE
[17]XÑ73Y#$
a ! %û

ecM"$¬f^WE6Æ,3EO6[18]HV•VX/aMa./0HóôDJ *•å3 mK

ÿ233&÷kX/aMaÆÇïð-±²C233'(3VWE6H" )Näåû±²U*ÿVFa*#“ Mott c+2 "-(BEDT-TTF)2Cu2(CN)3 ¬46H#a,¬ïVk®
ò6Æ,3/aKL*XÑëòoök{--@ABûô-…†¬4ÇXNMR a;<•‚./0•Ž
HóôDa J a.d/¤adÿE,®c@¬./012Ì#3„@^WE6/ÿûˆ÷þFKL¬4
6H*+,-3Æ67Š.`8_^90aóbCñò6Fý3$•-KL¬46ÿEO6H/a#“KaÅ•3Y EtMe3Sn[Pd(dmit)2]2 ÿE,#“KY"®c@¬./012Ì#3„@^WE6/ÿû$›ÁE÷þ[20]X/aKLa±²Y¾q0]§¬46H(#)vwx,-C¤GKL[21]*12aK*@AÐÜ°_Ìa34V•EG•^WE-EûX563*@ABûpqõ6/ÿû7‚þWE6H@
FX56°ò7Š.`8_^90aób*./0M893Yú]\:§a;eJ²Í-[22]RXŽ8
9Û0L,-[23]XK9³7~0 # œg,-[24]-+¯Õ-M34EWY±²÷þWE6H/aÆ,3z&ïB±²aU*¬V•-•^F7Š.`8_^90./0a±²3•êÇYÞQþ6Æ,3-ÇX/þ•‚@õ@õ±²û<«3-^WEk¤=¬46Æ,3>Qþ6H
UDVWXYZ[\W\\]^H_`HX_a^U" /aKLaÉ?ÿ./012Ì#aC,3GEW*[19]3ïð-»¼û46a¬//¬*@@-,
A3„ý÷BWEFAkH
BEDT-TTF ÿE,a* bis(ethylenedithio)-tetrathiafulvalene aC¬; 2 346
Æ,-rsCVWE6H/a""-(BEDT-TTF)2X ÿE,#“KD*#“KŽ892a§¬233•EŽ
89OµcMC¤G"-(BEDT-TTF)2Cu[N(CN)2]Br (3E¬ Tc = 11.6 K)C*FýÿVW‹G•0X C£
O6/ÿ¬Õå-ÉñCˆõ/ÿ¬7‚þWE6HABrs*;2(b)aÆ,-HCVW4Çc+ø¬46‹G•0øû89øaBEDT•TTF a46øC³0²J‚IVWE6Fý3BEDT-TTF ¤-3Æ
6(#)MûHh÷þWE6H•éXJRJK:a¼¬ñû 4 K L›¬ 4000M5000 ÿ-E(#)ñC
ˆõ/ÿû7‚þWE6H;2 (a) BEDT-TTF¤-an°uH(b)#"-(BEDT-TTF)2XCV•‚EFWÐ;H(c)89ÐCI•‚E
F;H(ƒ2nVFBEDT-TTF¤-û*+,-rsCô6H/aKLC b N¬O_89Ð3PQ¬Oa•‚EFaû;2(c)¬46H" ¢aABrs34EW*
O•Eg,Oöa¼-6BEDT-TTF ¤-aUûú«¬E6rsCVW4ÇX±0²¦§•‚O•Eg, BEDT-TTF ¤-‘aµ¶·¤û»a¤-‘ÆÇYR¤GEFý(ƒnû¦/6H(ƒ23-6/ÿ
¬ BEDT-TTF ¤-4FÇJSû+1/2 A^Faû+1 3-ÇX(ƒ24FÇT_'ûFÿGa half-filling¬X±0²U W û•0³J`%&'(_U 3ÑòW U/W > 1 aÿö Mott c+23-6H(BEDT-TTF)2X

5

aKLXa§¬ X=Cu2(CN)3 *3E¬ Mott c+2¬XTg,(ƒ2‘aµ¶·¤aÑt’/t û 1.06 ÿ2
33 1 3›EH/aFý«¬ò-(#)*+,-Cñò6ïYò-KL¬46ÿNO‚þWE6H" ; 3 3!Q:ÿNMR a;<Ab[25]CˆõH!Q:*bc•‚®c3O•^W233ZR•3[oVX50 K L›¬/_‰CˆVFŠ3\]õ6H/acMÝpñ*Heisenberg t¢a•cš¹[26]•‚
7^‚`÷þW4ÇX//•‚./0•ŽHóôD J ÿVW J = 250 K ûE·Y‚þWE6H@FX•
ŽHóôDû«¬ò¬4^FSg3X
T = J •‚®c3O•^WaIàûZR•3-6/ÿû¼¬ñC•ÇžþFŸJ 0¡'Lt¢aïB¦§[27]•‚ˆ÷þW4ÇX/a!Q:acMÝpñ*./0HóôDû±0²¦§•‚þÿ÷þ6_Ç3«¬ò3-^WE6/ÿYˆVWE6H@FX!Q:û
2 K a®c@¬HOµò-¼3Cˆ÷[3X@F#$a`3„@6Æ,3EO6/ÿ•‚./012
a•¾ûõ¬3ˆº÷þWE6H::; 3 "-(BEDT-TTF)2X (X = Cu2(CN)3, [N(CN)2]Cl)a!Q:(qr)ÿ NMR(sr)a;<Ab[25]H./012Ì#3-^WE6/ÿCD<ò3ˆVFaû;3 a NMR a;<Ab¬46H®c¬ð
X=Cu2(CN)3 34
GQñlmCˆõ X=[N(CN)2]Cl aabQSûAc3’;÷þWE6a3ÑëVWX
EW*dkòö/ÿ332 mK (MJ/7800!!) a"®c@¬@^FkNMR .e‰`ŠÝûcMÝpñC
ˆVWE-EH/þ*abQSû"®c@¬pqV-E/ÿCæâVW4ÇX/a/ÿ* 20 mK @¬aµSR ;<[29]•‚Yfg÷þWE6H/aÆ,3"-(BEDT-TTF)2Cu2(CN)3 * J ÿÑòFcM34E
W$Y®c@¬./012Ì#3„@^WE6/ÿû’;÷þFKL¬46H./012Ì#3"®c¬Y„@^WE6/ÿûQ•^Fa¬#a01*X+,E,hia./0
12Ì#¬46•. ¬46Hõ-QìX$®)¦3(Ï‚ƒa46Ya-a•X(Ï‚ƒ8.3„@^WE6a•ûX/a./012Ì#CÉ?L56$Yoj-k»¬46H)¦.e‰`ŠÝ3Iõ
6k»Cl6Fý3]QþFaûNMR 3Æ6mQRZU:T1 ;<XÑ7;<X—VWäåa789:;<¬46H" @[X; 4 3ˆŒ³J`3456NMR[25]ÿXv_}0³J`C 13C 3ýŽVW]QþF13C 3Æ
6 NMR[28]a T1 ;<aAbCˆõHmQRZUano1/T1 *./0û‚üaoö÷CðpVFƒÿ
-6a¬X—acMÝpñ•‚QR)¦acMÝpñûQ•6HˆŒÿv_}0³J`ao¬ÿY®
c34EW./0(Ï‚ƒû¾þFSg3É?ò-”oIoò-¾**’;÷þ[XcMaòöß¬£nõ6×6ØE_ˆŒ³J`¬* T 3ÑÖõ61/T1 ÿ T2 3ÑÖõ6Yaa(h¤Xv_}0³J`¬* T3/2 acMÝpñaû’;÷þWE6H/aAb•‚(Ï‚ƒ8../012¬46/ÿûˆº6÷þFûXˆŒ³J`3456 NMR ¬*®c¬T1 û(h¤3¤|VW4ÇXv_}0³J`¬*m
QRaZUû exp(-(T/T1)$)ÿ-^WEWX/a $ Y®c¬ 1 •‚9þWcM£nVWE6H/aFýX-«‚•aQñt{Kaób3–ua./012a)¦ûv÷þWV@^WE6…†ñû4ÇX/aAb•‚–Ø3(Ï‚ƒ8../012¬46•+,•ABL56a*(VEH; 4 (a) 1H ³J`3456 NMR ÿ(b) 13C ³J`3456 NMR a 1/T1 a;<AbH&" #3Ñ7;<aAb[30]C;53ˆõHw®aPatrick LeeFìaïB346Æ,3X./]0a7•'€Ðû(Ï‚ƒ8.a@@„@6a-‚J-Ñ7ÿÔÕ3cM3ÑÖõ6#T acMÝpñC¤G*[¬46H0.5K8IacM¸¹3456;<Ab(;5(a))*X,-Ñ7aT3C;aÆ,3x<VWcUdM
39yõ6ÿX44Æ—20 mJ mol-1 K-2a"! ûpqõ6/ÿûˆº÷þFHV•VXz{|}“CDEFÆÇ®c¬a;<(;5(b))¬*PÑ73Æ6Yaÿ>Qþ6^9‚`Î_ò-Ñ7û’;÷þXÑ7;<•‚cUdM9y3Æ6"! %apqCˆõ/ÿ*233'(-Ya¬46/ÿû~AVFH; 5 "-(BEDT-TTF)2Cu2(CN)3 aÑ7;<[30]HÚÛÜÝ•cM@¬a;<Ab(a)*®c¬#$a ! %apqCˆºõ6ûXÆÇ®c(b)¬*^9‚`Î_ò-Áíû’;÷þFH

8Ia/ÿ•‚XNMR34EW*Qñt{KXÑ734EW*PÑ73Æ6^9‚`Î_Ñ73Æ
^W$®)¦û(Ï‚ƒ8.¬46•X(Ï‚ƒû46•CDý6aû'(3-^WE6/ÿûQ•7

^FH/þ‚*EQ©€qVFt{K3Æ6ób¬4ÇX/a•‚C¢5-E789:;<û233#ó-¬¥¬46ÿäå*NOFHõ-QìX789:;<34EW*7Cèƒ)¦a„C’;¬ö
6FýX€qVFPÑ7aób-+a•‚*¢5[X"®c@¬$®cM)¦Cñò6233#ó;<…e¬46H•éX†EJ-Mÿ¨©þ6CeRUC‡ˆngK34EW789:;<ûŽ892
Ì#aŒ)¦Cñò6$Y#ó-…eÿ-^WE6H!
bDcdefgh[31]!
@[X10"K @¬aÑëò•c3456789:;<aAbC;6(a)3ˆõH/acM¸¹¬*4"K•‚ 6"K L›3‰^WŠe_²-/_‰û’;÷þFHÑ7aAb-+•‚/acM¸¹¬,-ars£naÆ,-¼3*’;÷þW4‚[X-«‚•aQRò)¦3Æ6HOµC’;VWE6…†ñû46H•éXw®aNMR a T1 ;<34EW 2M3 K L›3É?ò-Œ^‚ƒrsû4ÇXÑ7;<34EWY,-b¤CŽ8923-6‹FABrsaKL•‚ŒV‘EFQRÑ73/acM¸¹
3Še_²-/_‰û’;÷þWE6H; 6 (Ga¼-634(A, B)3456789:;<Ab[31]H(a) 4 K L›3Še_²-/_‰û’;÷þFHyž;*ÔFcM¸¹3456QRÑ7aAb[30]H(b) 80 mK @¬az{|}“cM3456 &/T a T2 ÝpñH#3 100 mK ›•@¬a®c3456789:;<aAbC;
6(b)3ˆõHcM3ÑÖõ6! %3
Ê!õ6FýmNC&/TX,-Ñ7 T3 CQ•ÇRõkõ6Fý3VNCT2 3VWƒe‚`VW46H@[X/a 300 mK 8>acM¸¹¬IŽacMÝpñCˆVW4ÇX7•]03Æ6 T3 aÝpñû
EOWE-E/ÿûQ•6H_3/aÆ,-®c¬*7•]0a\ÙÚÛ]Üû34³J•ÜM@¬‘’6/ÿ3ÆÇX,-Ñ7a T3 acMÝpñû789:;<34EWY’;÷þ6H; 7 (a)ayž
;3ˆõÆ,3cMa“*ˆV”3 CŽOWoök-^WE6Æ,3EO6•‚X/þ•‚7•]0
3Æ6789*•üò¬*-kX./0)¦3Æ6789:;<&spin û•üò3-^WE6ÿNO‚þ6H—VWX/a &spin û eQS¬Y10 T aQSC89Ð3PQ3•5FÿöYcUdM9y¬–a &/T 3O•,Æ,3EO6H/þ*X®c¬&/T û>ŽacMÝpñC¤^W

e3O•^WE6/ÿXõ-Qì#$a! %ûpqV-E/ÿCæâõ6H/aAb•‚/aKL3456./012

8

*(Ï‚ƒ8.¬*-kX(Ï‚ƒa46./012¬46/ÿûAB¬ö6H; 7 (a) 789:a Arrhenius plotH®c¬”oIoò3\]õ6Õ-ûEO6H¨ÿ•80Ka©*—þªþ,-a«¬C 100 mK ¬—þªþ 1/2, 3/4 AÿVWŒV‘EFYaHyž;* log-log plot
¬XsraN3“ß¬7^‚`VF˜a”oCƒe‚`VW46H(b)(Ï‚ƒ8../012aï
B¦§[12]ÿaÑëH-®a©*t{Ka\ÙÚÛ]Üû,-a 10 •ÜMÿVF˜a¦§AbH

äåa789:;<aAbCC. Nave ÿ Patrick Lee 3
Æ6(Ï‚ƒ8../0123456789:aïB¦§aAb[12]ÿÑëVFaû;7(b)¬46HClean limit 3456¦§Ab*oö÷Y—acMÝpñY•êAbÿ
oök9þWE6H®c¬a`C/a(Ï‚ƒ8../012aïBÿš›V-EÆ,3õ63*./0)¦a\ÙÚÛ]Üû,-‘œa 10 •ÜMÿE,233•EžMaQñt{KCx<V-5þ©-‚[X•{Ma@
AB34¬—aÆ,-/ÿû46ÿ*Ÿ"NO‚þ-EH" (Ï‚ƒ8.a./012¬jEÿE,/ÿ*Ø6X(Ï‚ƒa46./012¬46ÿE,/ÿ¬46H—
aoö÷CE·Y6Fý3Arrhenius plot VFaû;7(a)¬X®c¬”oIoò3\]VWE6Õ-ûQ•6H(
Ï‚ƒaoö÷*eQS¬*0.46 K ÿ 250 K 46 aÅ¡ 1/500 ÿ233&÷kX10 T >¬Y 0.38 K ¬Åÿ«; 8 cMCd<3—^F˜a789:aQSÝpñHmN*QS3Æ6£nƒC
QSC•56wa`¬™,nVWÂˆV
W46H+QS3Æ^W£nVWE-E/ÿûQ•6H
QS£n3GEWÔFcM3456789:aQS£nCˆVFaû;8 ¬46H/a;•‚Å¡
4 T L›•‚QS3Æ6789:aIàû¾þèýX—a•‚*®cÅ+¢£¬46/ÿûQ•6H
d¤3QS>¬*™L]0-+3Æ^W7•]0a\ÙÚÛ]Üû¥k-ÇX7•]0a789:*\]õ6/ÿû7‚þWE6H/a/ÿ•‚/a789:aIà*6‚•aQRò)¦3Æ6Ya¬
46ÿ>Qþ6û—a¦¦*@AtA¬46H@FX/a;<Ab*)Na;<34EWœ§JK3

9Æ6./0Mÿ7•]0‘a7\¯û°þWE-E/ÿYˆVWE6HŽ89234EW*®c¬7œ§û-k-Eÿö3QS¬Ž89C±VWYJ-a789„a«¬û¾þ-E/ÿû7‚þWE6[32]ûX)N*ˆV”®c¬QR)¦û¢£3EOWE6a¬—a²ü*-EÿEO6H
iDjkl&/aÆ,3789:;<3Æ^W#$a! %ûpqV-E/ÿX
—VWM0.5 K ÿE,./0•ŽHóôDa 1/500 ÿE,233&÷-(Ï‚ƒû/aM346/ÿûˆ÷þFH/acM¸¹¬aÑ7;<¬*^9‚`Î_3Æ6[oûõ¬3¾þWV@^WE6•‚Ñ7¬*/a./0(Ï‚ƒCE
³VWV@^WE6Yaÿ>Qþ6H
NMR a 1/T1 Y®c¬@{-ZU´©3-‚-E/ÿ•‚QR
t{K-+3Æ^W”oIoò-×6ØEûEµ‚k-^WV@^WE6a¬*-EA”,•Hd¬Xäåa Arrhenius plot *”oIoò3\]õ6/ÿûfg÷þFcM¶·û¸kX
6¹3YQF^W\]õ6Õ-û’;õ6/ÿ*¬ö-•^FH—aFýX./0(Ï‚ƒaoö÷3GEW*4E@E
÷ûf6Abÿ-^FûX;6(b)•‚#$a ! %apqû46Æ,3*EO[X(Ï‚ƒ8../0
123cUdM"$@¬„@6/ÿ*jEÿEO6Hõ-QìXÑëò•caÑ7;<•‚ˆº÷þFÆ,3 1 K ÆÇIacM¬*./]0*7•'€ÐC¤^W(Ï‚ƒ8.a)¦C¤Ga•YVþ-EûXÆÇ®c¬*—a7•'€Ð*t¾<nVW(Ï‚ƒCHhõ6a¬*-E•ÿNO‚þ6H(Ï‚ƒa46./012Ì#CˆõïB±²34EW*—a(Ï‚ƒaoö÷*./0•ŽHóôDÜM¬46/ÿû¯kX-º/aÆ,-&÷-./0(Ï‚ƒûHh÷þF•3*»ûf6H/þÿI¼VWX789:3*5 K L›3/_‰û’;÷þW4ÇX@F—acMÿ%&'(_ò3›E 4 T L›aQS•‚789:aIàûE‚þ6/ÿ•‚XJ ÆÇY/þ‚a%&'(_.½_'
aÅ,û./0(Ï‚ƒÿI¼VWE6Æ,3>Qþ6û¾ef¬*¾;a¹C¿-EH
ÒÓ§aJ-a./0Ì#-+*§ñ-íî-+3Æ^WQœò-;<û…†¬46ûX#“K3
4EW*ˆŒ÷--+û¯k‡@þ6Fýt…†¬46H—aFýX7’°;<-+a‘œò-;<3À‚Á6Cl-EûX)Naäåa;<3Æ^W789:;<û./0M34EWY$®%&'(_)¦aÌ#Cñò6233-E¬¥ÿ-^WE6/ÿûQ•^FH#“K3*áâãE./0rs
C¤GKLû¯o46û789:;<û]QþFÖ*]-EH/aFýX789:;<C»a(#)*+,-aKLRX(#)vwx,-XŸJÐ_vwx,-[33]-+¼-656°ò7Š.`8_^
90C¤GKL3•Dõ6/ÿ¬Â-6±²a0šû…†3-6Yaÿ>Qþ6H
mn&–±²C0ý634FÇSÔ±²Ùa§mÃ1XÄ÷ÅdXÆå…ÇÈXÉ=Q¿X&ÊËyXs
–ÌXÍaÇÎXÏmÐÑaÒÓ3ÔÕEFV@õHÖ×Ø³0‹_aÙÕ3*oƒ•G¾<VFÈÉaÊËCVWEFAö@VFH//3ÚkÛÜÝVIX@õH–±²*¯°±²ÞßàÒ!áâ
_ã
1P%ä20224008a4Æ’3å….‹_`‹‚ƒ_ã1P%ä
20840026aaßàC¢5W]Qþ@V
FH
o&p&q&r&[1] G. H. Wannier, Phys. Rev. 79, 357 (1950).
[2] P. W. Anderson, Mat. Res. Bull. 8, 153 (1973).
[3] P. W. Anderson, Science 235, 1196 (1987).

10[4] D. Huse and V. Elser, Phys. Rev. Lett. 60, 2531 (1988).
[5] L. Capriotti, A. E. Trumper and S. Sorella, Phys. Rev. Lett. 82, 3899 (1999).
[6] G. Misguich, C. Lhuillier, B. Bernu and C. Waldtmann, Phys. Rev. B 60, 1064 (1999).
[7] H. Morita, S. Watanabe and M. Imada, J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. 71, 2109 (2002).
[8] S. Yunoki and S. Sorella, Phys. Rev. B 74, 014408 (2006).
[9] Y. Hayashi and M. Ogata, J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. 76, 053705 (2007).
[10] V. Kalmeyer and R. B. Laughlin, Phys. Rev. Lett. 59, 2095 (1987).
[11] R. Moessner and S. L. Sondhi, Phys. Rev. Lett. 86, 1881 (2001).
[12] C. P. Nave and Patrick A. Lee, Phys. Rev. B 76, 235124 (2007).
[13] R. Coldea, D. A. Tennant and Z. Tylczynski, Phys. Rev. B 68, 134424 (2003).
[14] S. Nakatsuji, et al., Science 309, 1697 (2005).
[15] A. Olariu, et al. Phys. Rev. Lett. 97, 167203 (2006).
[16] D. Greywall, Phys. Rev. B 41, 1842 (1990).
[17] R. Masutomi, Y. Karaki and H. Ishimoto, Phys. Rev. Lett. 92, 025301 (2004).
[18] K. Ishida, M. Morishita, K. Yawata and H. Fukuyama, Phys. Rev. Lett. 86, 2447 (2001).
[19] ;<=>?@ABC?DEFGH?IJKL?MNOP?QRST 39, 545 (2004).
[20] T. Itou, A. Oyamada, S. Maegawa, M. Tamura and R. Kato, Phys. Rev. B 77, 104413 (2008).
[21] M. P. Shores, E. A. Nytko, B. M. Bartlett and D. G. Nocera, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 127, 13462 (2005).
[22] Y. Han, et al., Nature 456, 898 (2008).
[23] D. Davidovi%, et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 76, 815 (1996).
[24] H. Hilgenkamp, et al., Nature 422, 50 (2003).
[25] Y. Shimizu, K. Miyagawa, K. Kanoda, M. Maesato, and G. Saito, Phys. Rev. Lett. 91, 107001 (2003).
[26] N. Elstner, R. R. P. Singh and A. P. Young, Phys. Rev. Lett. 71, 1628 (1993).
[27] W. Zheng, R. R. P. Singh, R. H. McKenzie and R. Coldea, Phys. Rev. B 71, 134422 (2005).
[28] Y. Shimizu, K. Miyagawa, K. Kanoda, M. Maesato, and G. Saito, Phys. Rev. B 73, 140407(R) (2006).
[29] S. Ohira, Y. Shimizu, K. Kanoda, and G. Saito, J. Low Temp. Phys. 142, 153 (2006).
[30] S. Yamashita, et al., Nature Physics 4, 459 (2008).
[31] M. Yamashita, et al., Nature Physics 5, 44 (2009).
[32] M. F. Smith, J. Paglione, M. B. Walker and L. Taillefer, Phys. Rev. B 71, 014506 (2005).
[33] Y. Okamoto, M. Nohara, H. Aruga-Katori, and H. Takagi, Phys. Rev. Lett. 99, 137207 (2007)
stuv&=>" ? (MINORU YAMASHITA)
ìío°o°îï°±²¯Kï$däb" ù2J-Kñ´æ" àä
Cç

2000&

ìío°ï°bè

2002&

ìío°o°îï°±²¯" éêãÜëì

2005&

ìío°o°îï°±²¯" íêãÜëìXï°íê

2005&°×Éî±²å_ïìo°Kñ±²àa

2007&

Postdoctoral Associate, LASSP, Cornell University

2007&ìío°o°îï°±²¯àä_¾ða

11

@ABCDEFGHIJ-KL3456+MNOPQRST
Angular Resolved Nuclear Magnetic Resonance on Strongly CorrelatedElectron Systems
UVW 1X YZ[ 21ìío°o°î2°±²¯X2 ïìo°Kñ±²à
T. Waki 1 and M. Takigawa2
1
Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University,
2
Institute for Solid State Physics, University of Tokyo
Angular resolved NMR on a single crystal gives valuable information about strongly correlated electron systems. As
an example of its application, we introduce an angular resolved NMR study on 9Sr0.33V2O5 at ambient and highpressures.

CDwxly&" PQRST¥*ŽñðAgò’Pi†"HóôDC_FWX
AB§a’;Pó•aJ-Ì#CôÔ3ƒe_Šõ6/ÿû¿uXGHIJ-KLaKñCA34EW†Ã-õöCbFVWöFHGHIJ-M¬*É3JSò’./0žM¤÷a7Eû†Ã¬46HABarsCø3*óþñCYÿ3VF X ©Nù
R§ñ-NùûDE‚þ6ûXíîú-a‹_^FJ•0_ûoûQ[•3¼-6³J`aCüîõ6/ÿ*_3a X ©Nù¬*'(¬46Hd¬NMR *€àò-./0žMXJSýü
3ôÔ¬XNù•êÿHßò-k»ûl‚þ6HÉ3³J`þÿò3J-Ì#a7Eûl‚þ6/ÿû†Ã-zà¬46H.
e‰`'aÒ³J`„a!Ó*X—a"%û#õ6•‘ò-U#ñ•‚],ûXJS¤÷û$•3V•%Q-E³J`Cüî ;1 +MNO“rLöNMRƒe_Šõ6é3*X@AB34CQS§¬NO÷BXNMR .e‰`'aœ1b¤HŒ7ô80^Ï'(‹C
34CQS3UVWâæa+a+MÝpñC&ž3;<õ6/ÿûV©V©ZÃ3-6H@ 2-VX
FX—aÆ,-/ÿC],/ÿ¬X/þ@¬üî¬ö-•^F M3O56/ÿû¿u6H34aÆ,
3E’³'C™Ü0`õ6/ÿY¿Q[•-J-Ì#a%ERXHOµ3',€àU#ña£nC
u6H
ôÔ3(7õ6/ÿû¿u6H–)¬*X&ž+MNO NMR

C*d#)929-Sr0.33V2O5 aE’+¦H3•DVFÖ3GEW»¼õ6H
HDz{|P}~•€•M‚ƒ„…†‡&
P./0 I C#õ6÷-PCQS§34kÿXP./0a%&'(_,-* _™0ób3ÆÇ
2I+1 G3«‘œ3¤.õ6H—þ‚a%&'(_Œ3HØõ6JQ/C=0õ6ÿ%&'(_aST

12õÞû¦/6HJ-./0ûMa3pqõ6ÿXQS3

V2b

V2a
V1b

ÆÇ—þ‚û¤"÷þXP-ý3LÞò-QSG@ÇŽñðQS Hhf =gA<S>,:g: ú-X A: ŽñðQSAg<o>

V1b

V1a

V2b
V3b

CGk6HŽñðQSCN5VFP./0aŸ€'`G

Sr

V3a

V3b

‹0*X9bQSC H0 ÿõ6ÿ Hz = -#hI(H0+Hhf):#: PQ

V2a

V1a

V3a

RNOÑ>ÿ6k/ÿû¬öX4•§aP./0aSTó
c/o :0=#H0 •‚a[þaögC^7`K=(:-:0)/:0 ÿVWba<7õ6H/a^7`•‚X’;Pó•a./0žM3
Iõ6k»ûl‚þ6H@FXI>1/2 aÿö3*÷-PaJS¤÷û8U#¬-k-ÇXPi†"ª_x0`ÿJSýüÿaHóôD3Æ6%û•F6H—aŸ€'`G

V2a

V2b

V1a

‹0*

V1a

eQ
)
,3
HQ /
Vij + $I i I j . I j I i % - 0 ij I 2 (! (1),&6 I $2 I - 1% i , j * 2'
ÿ656H//¬ eQ : JRi†"ª_x0`XVij : JSýü˜0~'¬46HHz>>HQ aé3* 2I –a«‘œ3¤.VF.e‰`'û’;÷þX—þ‚a¤.‘œ1Q û

V2a

V2b

c

V1b

b

b
a

a

V2 ladder

V3a

V3a

V1b

c

V3b

V3b

V1,V3 zigzag chain; 2P&9-Sr0.33V2O5 aABrs&

QSC•5F¬OaJSýüÿ

1Q /

eQ
V23 ! (2),2 I $2 I - 1%"

aÆ,3A’GEW4ÇXJSa¤÷3Iõ6k»ûl‚þ6H" ŽñðQSAg<oYX•é*˜0~'ƒ-a¬X@AB34CDEW KX1Q —þªþa+MÝpñ•‚ŽñðQSAg˜0~'XJSýü˜0~'CA‚•3õ6/ÿû¬ö6H/þ‚a˜0~'*’;P3456./0žMRJS¤÷X@F’;P-ýaU#ñCðpVW4ÇXU#ñ•‚³J`aÔ<C],/ÿû¬ö6H³J`9îaQRòXJRòk»Cl‚þ6/ÿûX@ABCDEF+M¤CPQRST¥aG„¬46H" @ABa¬-C:f3;0`e_'õ6?3XNMR ƒe_Šaœ13Œ7ô80^Ï'(‹C2s
VF(N34NO“rC;OW4ÇX
0.5 MÜMa<Œ¬AB¬-CgQõ/ÿû¿u6H;
1 3*X/.`0¢E’³'C™Ü0`VFƒe_ŠCˆõH34*
NiCrAl gÒa/.`0¢³'a3žþXn-e0‹0ÿJ~‹€'a=g>1CE’?2ÿV
CuO a 63Cu-NQR aSTó/o•‚E’C@:V
FH
UDˆW‰Š‹ŒUU•HŽi E••‘’“”•"" 9-Sr0.33V2O5_A=Li+XNa+XAg+XCa2+XSr2+XPb2+a*; 2 3ˆõÆ,3XAŒ5 ü-YVk* 6 ü-a VO ¯Ð2ûBS#XCS#3ÆÇb N¬O3 V1XV3 KLDLER V2 (–FG-CHhVW
E6*d#)92¬46H—aH+*cM+¦ÒÓc+2OµCˆVXc+2Ha!"Ì#û A vI•0aûo3ÆÇXðGQñlmÌ#_1 ûa4Æ’./0(Ï‚ƒÌ#_2 ûa¬46/ÿû7‚þ
WE6[1]H›&¬*E’3ÆÇJSlmCIJõ6/ÿ¬Á¾õ6Ž89_A=Na+,Ag+a[2] RXJSlmaóþûE’3ÆÇôÔ3£nõ6KLMaNOÿ¨©þ6H£n_A=Sr2+a[3] û’;÷þÊ!
3EÒÓHò’2.0 GPa>¬a+MNONMR
÷þWE6H–±²¬*É3ŠÙa9-Sr0.33V2O5 3Ê!VX

13

aAb3GEW»¼õ6H;3 3–M3456E’
cMH;CˆõH3E>bc¬*–M*ÒÓò¬X
cMC>XW]kÿ TMIT =170 K ¬QR-JRJK:aIàûE‚þXCDO_JSjlmaH•‚ CO_JSlmaH„aÒÓc+2Oµû’;÷þ6H
ÒÓHaQn:*cM3UVWÅ¡d<`Cÿ6
Pauli 3QñCˆVXc+2H¬*T= 50 K ¬Še_²-/_‰CÿÇT= 0 K ¬ 0 3O•,./0(Ï‚ƒò-×6ØECˆõH–M3E’C•5W]kÿX
JRJK:X!Q:acMÝpñ3E‚þ6Oµc
Mû®>VW]öX÷‚3*CO „aOµÿ*¼6¼3û’;÷þ6H•E>¬a X ©Nù•‚AB
rsaU#ña£nû’;÷þX
CDO •‚ CO „a
Oµ¬* b N¬O„a 3 •azóþrsû’;÷þ

; 3 3-Sr0.33V2O5 acME’H;H]X^_ö

FH@F÷‚3E’C•56ÿXCO_aXCO_b_5 •a-%*!Q:ò’JRJK:acM£n3

óþa
X CDO(AF?)-+aHû’;÷þFH$›a±E‚þ6¼3•‚Dý‚þFOµcMHR`X²¬* CDOXCOXCO_aXCDO(AF?)aSTûÅ@aHXb+Ha-%*rsCø3ÆÇA‚•ÿ

6L›:120 K, 0.8 GPa ó•>3XQ[•-cMXE’-^FXbcars3Uõ6 b N¬Oazóþ

a%E3Æ^WUo•azóþrsû¼-6Hû¿CÂVWE6H¾õ6¸¹û46/ÿû7‚þWE6[4]H&bH–••[5]" ; 4 3 T=190 KXH=10.509 TXHVb ¬;<VF NMR.e‰`'CˆõHWoaXE/_‰û¼-ÇWYHÌCVWE6ûX+MNO3UV.e‰`'û¼Z
ò3£nVWE6/ÿû¤•6H/a.e‰`'aC{3*XBò-7çû#D¬46H
NMR ¬*XAB°
ò3*«û¬4^WYQS§¬2«û3-ÇXST©
û¤.õ6Sgû46H9-Sr0.33V2O5 a•‘X* P21/a¬X46±\KÜÝ³J`1 G3GöX@-,-§3
AB°ò3«û-³J`û4 G46H/þ‚a,ìðO[ô¬A’GEWE62 G[G3GEW*QS§¬Y«û¬46ûX—þ89aU#[ô¬A’GEWE
6³J`*Xd¤ò-¬O3QSC•56ÿ2«û3-ÇX–M¬*1 Ga±\KÜÝ³J`•‚*2 \a"%û’;÷þ6H;a.e‰`'*QSCac Ða3; 4 190 K, 10.509T 34EWQSC ac Ða•5WE6ûX2 N‚B«Nû b Nÿ\]3pqõ6 3•5W;<VF 51V ó/o.e‰`'H119
FýX/aU#[ô¬A’GEWE6³J`*b N3 MHz L›3EO6Ya* RF ;J'3c^W
63
PQG@Ç ac Ða3QSC•5FSg*«û3-ÇX E6 Cu •‚a"%Hsr3 a N•‚a+M
CˆVWE6H/aSg*XAB°ò3ËÌ-³J`•‚*1 \a"

14

0.0

%û’;÷þ6H–M¬* 6 \a±\KÜÝ³J`_V1aXV1bXV2aXV2bXV3aXV3baû4ÇX51V-0.2

P*P./0 I = 7/2 ¬46FýX6d7 = 42 –a.
E6«aïÛ3ÆÇXõòWa.e‰`'*¤|X’;÷þWE-EûXK ò’ :Q *—þªþ

K / K1 . K 2 cos 2 $5 - 4 K %! (1),K (%)

e‰`'ûþÿ÷þ6H.e‰`'û†-Çg^W

-0.4
A
C
E

-0.6

B
D
F

-0.8

1 Q / 1 1 .1 2 cos $5 - 4Q %! (2),a - axis

2

-1.0
-30

ÿE,+MÝpñCˆõ/ÿCN5VWX.e‰`0c - axis
30'C AeF a 6 ³J`•‚a"%3¤|ÑÔ<õ6/ÿû¿u6H;3*Ô<VFÒ³J`aK ò’ :Qa+MÝpñCˆVWE6HÉ3 K 3Ê!õ6ÿ
((A, B), (C, D), (E, F))Ò\¬"`C•6+Mû—þ

60

90

5 (degree)

120

150

; 5 ac Ða 190 K 3456^7`a+MÝpñH×U*¼-6ûX
_A, BaX_C, DaX_E, FaaÒ\*—þªþÔF+M¬"`C•6HªþS_VWE6/ÿûQ•6H
K *./0(Kspin)ÿfg(Korb)•‚a«¬û46ûXd¤3Korb>0 a¬X+M£naob¤*Kspin 3Æ6YaÿNO‚þ6H@F./0b¤*

Kspin $5 % / $Acp . Adip $5 %%6spin !$3%,
ÿÂ÷þ+MÝpñCˆõH//¬ Acp: ah¤"ò’XAdip(;): QRi"-3Æ6ŽñðQSAg<o¬46H<spin a¼¬ñ*&÷EFýXKspin a+MÝpñ* d fg346./0ûô6i"-QS3Æ
fg* VO ¯Ð2a§a±\K'Ag V=O_¯Ð2§¬dP¥EAgñfga3PQ-

0.0

100 0.0-0.1

80 -0.1-0.2

A site60 -0.2

50

B site4030\Ð3jû^WE6FýX—þ3PQ_G@-0.3

40 -0.3

20

Ç±\K'Ag3\]a3QSC•5FSg-0.4

20 -0.4

10

3 K û"&`C•6Yaÿþÿ÷þ6H"&

0.0

0

0.0

0

-0.1

6

-0.2

40

O3-Edkû„‚þX/þC)3"%C
V1(A, B), V2(C, D), V3(E, F) 3U•µ56/

K (%)

C•6+MÿX
ABrs•‚D@6 V=O a¬-0.2

C site

-0.3

4

-0.4
-0.6

-0.4

2

ÿû¬ö6H|K|a"o`*o@•3./0ž

0.00

M_JSžMa3ÑÖVWE6FýXÒ³J-0.1`aJSžMûÒÓÌ#34EWl3oök-0.2

80 -0.1
60-0.2
40
20 -0.3¼-^WE6/ÿû³J`Ô<C],/ÿ3ÆÇA‚•ÿ-^FHÉ3–M¬*‹_^F
Vna, Vnb ³J`‘¬JSžMaŒûE‚þ6/ÿûÉ?ò¬46H
I¼KLa9-Na0.33V2O5¬*/aÆ,-Œ*E‚þ[ [6]X9-A0.33V2O5
MaÒÓc+2OµCNO6I¬†Ã-k»¬46HE site

-0.3
-0.4
-0.5
0

100 200
T (K)

0
300

D site

30
20

-0.8

10

0.0

0

-0.4
0

F site

1/T1T (sec-1K-1)

6Ya¬46H–MaSgd 0~1(t2g)¬4ÇXd

80
60
40
20

100 200
T (K)

0
300

; 6 Ò³J`3456 K_qNaò’ 1/T1T_sNa
acM£n_3Ea
HÉ3 DXF ³J`a K û»aY
a3ÑòW£n:ûoöEH

15

" ; 6 3Ò³J`a™K‚‰‹0L'_MA, :Q = 0 C•6+MX7 –3¤.VWE6.e‰`'û†6Fý•êI#mX@FSTÐ'.noYd¤a+Mÿ¼-6?~îûpq¬46a¬;<VF K ò’ 1/T1T CˆõH/þ‚3GEWY³J`ÝpñûE‚þ³J`‘¬J-Ì#ûoök¼-6/ÿû
¤•6HÉ3 V2aXb ³J`¬*Xi‹VF³J`¬463Y••Q‚[Xd¬* Korringa ò (C)(1/T1Tûd<`Cÿ6×6ØEXd¤3ÒÓÌ#¬þÿ÷þ6a
XY,d¬û®c3O•^WÁíò_Da¬

1/T1T acMÝpñ*X_3.
46ÿE,"ýWU=ò-×6ØEû’;÷þFHÒÓÌ#3456
D ³J`a 1/T1T a[Þa¡Î*¼3¬Xr,ò- 1D-Luttinger 12/0aû‚ü3Æ6ÿNO6ûX
ªŒ'R SCR ïB•‚sY÷þ6¡ÎCoökŽOWE6H^7`3GEW*XÉ3 DXF ¬¢£cMÝpñûE‚þ6HD ³J`¬* |K| û[ÞVXOµcMQI¬bca`a 1.5 •ÜM3-^WE

F
6H@FX ŽñðQSAg<o*3d tµÒÓ¬*–¬4ÇX!Q:*Q[•3[ÞVWE6Fý
³J`a |K| û\]õ6×6ØE*dE¼3¬46H/þ‚a×6ØE*XQRû‚üacM£nA
5¬*C{õ6/ÿ*¬ö[XD ³J`a K(~< (q=0)) ò’ 1/T1T (~&< (q)) a[G*./0žM—aY
aû[ÞVWE6FýÿNO6aûuØ¬X—a[Þ¤* F ³J`aJSžMa®>¬ßQþWE6
ÿõ6ÿš›-k,Aõ6/ÿû¬ö6Häåû_34!3••6KL¬*XbcÜM¬*HOµû
cMa®>3'E V2-V2 (–FG-3
4/‚-E$ÇJS¤÷*cM£nV-EHd¬–M¬*X

V1-V3 (–FG-•‚vå3JSû¸þw«¬4ÇX³J`‘aJS¤÷ûHOµC'Q[¼Zò3£nõ6ÿE,Ì#û•¾VWE6/ÿûA‚•ÿ-^FH
iH—••˜™&šHŒ‹&›™œ•" ; 3 3ˆõÆ,39-Sr0.33V2O5 *E’3ÆÇ¯Õ

3-Sr0.33V2O5

Ì#3GEW±²C]^FHCDO(AF?)* 1.0 GPa
8I, 150 K 8>a¸¹¬¿¾õ6H/aOµ*!
Q:ò’JRJK:a¼3•‚E¿÷þXOµc
M8>¬JRJK:aQR-Ià*E‚þ-•^[3]HFFýXÒÓðGQñOµÿNO‚þWE6

Intensity (arb. units)-Hû¿¾õ6Häå*)NXCDO(AF?)HaJ-

2.0 GPa6.615 T
B site

160 K
145 K
135 K
60 K

" ; 7 3–M¬’;÷þ6Ë¢ò-.e‰`'a

50 KcMÝpñCˆõHbcL›¬*•E>34EW

40 K

Y ac Ða33Eÿ›E+M3MA ûfg÷þFH

73.85 73.90 73.95 74.00 74.05 74.10

OµcM*IJ÷þW4Ç140 K ÜM@¬d–aFrequency (MHz)/_‰û’;÷þ6H—a+MC—ìGGcMC;7 ™K‚‰‹0L'¬’;VF.e‰`'acM£n_B³J`a
H>XW]kÿXMA ¬aÐ'.no¬*STû4/‚-k-ÇXHOµû4/^WE6/ÿûQ•

6HOµcM8>34EW*X
ac Ða34EWXOµcM8I¬aMA •‚ 2,3 M[þFÿ/”3

MA û 2 và’;÷þFH›E+M346/ÿ•‚X«û¬4^F"%û
2 G3¤.VF/ÿCˆV
WE6H3c3Ea@-,-§3*AB°ò3«û-—þªþa V ³J`* 4 G4ÇX/aHOµ¬ac Ða3 MA ûf^WE6/ÿ•‚Xb N¬Oa*—þ‚û 2 \[G3¤.õ6YaÿNO‚þ6H
xyN*f^W4ÇXa LŠJ²ûz{VFYaÿNO‚þ6H/þ*X/þ@¬3Á|÷þWE6

CDO(AF?) Ha•‘Xÿš›V-EH/a/ÿ•‚XOµcM8>¬*«û¬4^FTœõ6Š°_
û2«û3-^F/ÿCˆVWE6H@FXOµcM8>¬a.e‰`'*X¤.VF—þªþ3G

16

0.0

‚[X/aHOµ*ÒÓðGQñOµ¬*-kX-0.1

100 0.0

50

80 -0.1

40-0.2

60 -0.2

30-0.3

40 -0.3

20•6H; 7 3* 140 K L›aHOµ34EW¤.

-0.4

20 -0.4

VFd¬a MA aOµcM8>a.e‰`'a

0.0

0QRlmC'Q-ErsHOµ¬46/ÿû¤

A site-0.1
K (%)

cMÝpñYˆVWE6H
OµcM8>¬*@ñ

40 K L›ÆÇ©
-cMÝpñCˆVWE6ûXUû[oõ6H/þ*abQSaÁ•ûNO‚þX

C site

-0.2
-0.3

8
4

-0.4

B site

0

0.0

150

-0.1

D site

-0.2

0

100
50

-0.3

0.0

10

0.1

0.0

0

6‚•aQRlmÌ#3-^WE6ÿNO‚þ-0.1

6H/aHOµ* NMR ¬èýWA‚•3-^F-0.2

60 -0.2

60-0.3

40 -0.3

40-0.4

20 -0.4

20

Ya¬46}" ; 8 3* MA ¬;<VFÒ³J`3456K-0.5
0ò’ 1/T1T acMÝpñCˆVWE6H140 K 8>acM¬*dba³J`3GEWcMÝpñ
C;<VWE6HF ³J`a^7`acU`a\

E site100

80 -0.1

200

0
300

-0.5
0

T (K)

1/T1T (sec-1K-1)

EW* MA 34EW 1 –a"%V•’;÷þW4

F site

100

80

200

0
300

T (K)

; 8 Ò³J`3456 K_qNaò’ 1/T1T_s
NaacM£n_P=2.0 GPaa
H]û’;÷þFûX
—þ89a³J`a^7`acMÝpñ*3EaYa3ÑòoökIO‚þWE6HOµcM8>¬*X"13^7`acU`û\]õ6³J`û46d¬¬X^7`û[oõ6³J`X@F.e‰`'û’;÷þ-E³J`ûpqõ6H/þ*G@Ç/acM¬rsHOµ3'EXJSa~¤üû¦/^WE6ÿNO‚þ6H&
žDjkl&" –M34EW3EHò’•EHC_FWÒÓH*dE@{- Pauli 3QñÒÓ¬46ûXÒÓH3
4EWl3³J`‘3JSatÙdûpqVX•G—þ‚û¼-6cMÝpñCˆõ/ÿûA‚•3-^FHJSžMûRVkcM£nE’£nVW4ÇX,-a•˜0^Ï'3J-MûôÔ¬4ÇX¸EE’¶·¬KLMaNOaÆ,-¯€-Hû¿¾õ6YaÿNO‚þ6H" /aÆ,-/ÿ*X³J`þÿò3JSû‚üRQRû‚üC’;õ6/ÿ3ÆÇ*FýWA‚•3-^F/ÿ¬4ÇX&ž+MNOPQRST¥a#DñCgçVW•5F‚nE¬46Hmn&" $Š3X-L- 9-Sr0.33V2O5 a@AB34CÁÊVW•EFïìo°Kñ±²àa=a‚ÓXƒm„AàäXIm…ä†XAB¬-CXRD 3WÔ<VW•EF=‡ˆdàäX+MNO¢•E³'a¹ÁCVW•EF‰Š„díê_¾‹ÌxŒ^;a3ÔÕEFV@õH
o& p& q& r&[1] Y. Ueda, et al., J. Alloys Compd. 317-318 (2001) 109.
[2] T. Yamauchi, et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 89 (2002) 057002.
[3] T. Yamauchi, et al., Phys. Rev. B 75 (2007) 014437.
[4] T. Yamauchi, private communication.
[5] T. Waki, et al., J. Phys. Chem Solid 68 (2007) 2143.
[6] T. Suzuki, et al., Phys. Rev. B 73 (2006) 224421.

17

stuv&
UV" W

2001 &

ìío°ï°bèÕ

2006 &

ìío°o°îï°±²¯íêŠþãÜéìXíê
_ï°a•l2006 &M2008 & ïìo°Kñ±²à" íê±²å
2008 &M

ìío°o°î2°±²¯" àäYZ" [1978 &

ïìo°ï°bKï°¯èÕ1983 &

ïìo°o°îï°M±²¯íêãÜéìXï°íêUSAa
XIBM T. J. Watson Research
1983 &M1997 & ïìo°Kñ±²àXe.‹Šª.ŒÌ±²à_Center ±²å
1997 &M

18

ïìo°Kñ±²à" ä†""""

MnO2\]^_`abcdefgh
Room-Temperature Single-Step Synthesis of MnO2 Nanosheets
ijdk1Xlmno1,2Xp=q1Xrstu1,2Xvwxy3XZz{31ìío°o°îï°±²¯X2•Žo°•g±²àX3=•o°ï°b
K. Kai1, Y. Yoshida1,2, H. Kageyama1, G. Saito1,2, T. Ishigaki3, J. Kawamata3
1
Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University,
2
Research Institute, Meijo University,
3
Faculty of Science,Yamaguchi University
Preparation of single-layer manganese oxide nanosheets (monosheets) comprised of edge-shared MnO6 octahedra hasrelied on multistep and time-consuming processing involving a high-temperature solid-state synthesis of bulk templates,and succeeding ion-exchange and exfoliation reactions in solutions, causing high cost and long processing time. Here
we demonstrate the first single-step approach to directly access the MnO2 monosheets, by the chemical oxidation ofMn(II) ion in the presence of tetramethylammonium cation in an aqueous solution. Of importance is that thistemplate-free reaction readily proceeds within a day at room temperature. Self-assembling ability of the MnO2
monosheets allows to aggregate to form layered structures with cationic tetrathiafulvalene (TTF) derivatives asintercalants.

CŒ&wxly&" øÌeeŠ.vJ`RøÌI‹0AnK-+aøÌj“ngK*Xø‘J•0C‘•E#“J•03ýöŽO6/ÿ3ÆÇXÒj“øû’|VX@ø“ÿ-^FK\]^_`Oÿ¨©þ6KLC¬O
6_; 1aH\]^_`*Ú„ûonm ÿE,"”a(#)^_`ÌKL¬4ÇXøÌngKa•'Œ^0LŠe‚‰ÿVW–O6FýX\].½_'ƒ-¾*aSÿVWX@FX“†ñ—4¹ÁaÐ¬Ê!C˜’WE6H/þ‚*–JS_@F*:JSaC!’W>?§3;eJ²ÿVW¤íõ6FýX
!:C\]^_`™š13›œõ6-+a>1ƒe³.3ÆÇX”“nR^_`a·ø3Æ6Ž,ar•X4Æ’“†ñ#“J•0ÿaWgnCpq3¬ö6ÿE,mBC¤G[1,2]H@F\]^_`aoö-ÑÂÐ·*XJRn°ð•R§?ð•-+aù2ÂÐûIQ6ð•3#óžD¬ö6FýXo[3]Rð•ó:a-Eù2A§?[4]-+X•DÐ¬YÊ!CÅýWE6H
ö-JSŸ·ƒC¤GÎÏÐ^‹" /þ@¬X\]^_`* 2ÿ-6øÌj“KLCghŠXWoaJ•0•Žð•CZÃÿõ6’[5]
X 2|¡ÜC¢Wl‚þWöFHÖO© Ca2Nb3O10 -+aøÌeeŠ.vJ`a\]^_`aSg

TiO2

Ca2Nb3O10

MnO2;1" £Âò-\]^_`ars

19

C¤h3ÆÇlFaìX—a 2CAñˆ>1§¬d¥‘Å+¦§õ6/ÿ¬ø‘a‹'vÛÒÓC
ƒe`03ýŽõ6H—VWƒe`0ýŽ÷þFj“K_ƒe`02aC˜`ŠŠI'‹0ªGÜÝ
_TBAa-+ai¨‹0ªGÜÝˆAnKaˆ>1§¬d¥‘Å+¦§õ6/ÿ¬X\]^_`a™
š1Cl6_; 2aH/aÆ,-¯ef¬a\]^_`gh*X 2Cghõ6Fýa•c©ïCZÃÿVXÉ3’|¡Üû>1§¬aJ•0•Žð•C‡ˆFý3zEð•˜‘CÃõ6Ya¬4^FH
÷‚3Xl‚þF™š13*ª’|a 2Y¯k‡@þ6Fý3Þ:û®kX«²¤|-+a&-¡ÜCZÃÿõ6ÿE,01Y46H
äå*X>1gh3Æ^W°J8‰`3MnO2 \]^_`Cl6¬¥_bcdefgh¥aCE¿
VFH–¬¥¬*X

2aghRJ•0•Žð•CZ
ÃÿV-EFýX•c©ïÿ…‘X˜‘CoU3¥¬¬ö6H@F’|¡ÜCZÃÿV-EFýX\]^_`_ª]^_`aC•Þ:¬l‚þ6ÿ
E,É?û46HMnO2 \]^_`* CdI2 ¢aørs¬4ÇXøa¬*Mn ÷-û:*+,-CHh
V 3+/4+ a=g÷-ûÌ#346H/aFý./07Š.`8_^903¦úVFáâãEKñ3þÿû
¤W6H÷‚3•ó:ÛIÜÝJ-RJR(†øÎÏÐ^‹-+aJ"—4„a•D[6,7]û(®÷þW
E6FýXghƒe³.a@CÑ•¯n*•DÐ¬Y233†Ã¬46H–)¬*XMnO2 \]^_`a‰™gh¥-‚’3l‚þF\]^_`aÔ<ÿrsX\]^_`°Å2arsÿñLX÷‚3¤[8]H-ñ9J2C¬O6J-²\_¤-ÿ\]^_`ÿaøÌWg2arsÿñL3GEWÃÄõ6

MnO2 layer

A2CO Sinterin+
Mn2O3 O2, 7

Ion-exchange

exfoliationacid

TMA·OH

A=alkali=H2Oor= alkali cation

=H2O

or

=

= H+

< Conventional Multi-step Synthesis >H2O2, R.T.

= MnCl2< Room-temperature Single-step Synthesis >; 2" Ïua¯efghÿbcdefgha.Î_Ý;HDŸ ¡¢£¤¥¦E§¨©$ª&" d¤3XÒÓAnKCl63* 1000!±›EcM¬a¤hûZÃÿ-6ûXI‹0AnK[9]R±\KÜÝAnK[10]-+XdbaÒÓAnK3*—þÆÇY[^ÿ®EcM_200!±8>a¬a>1gh¬l‚þ6Yaû46HøÌ™0~0AnKY—adG¬X²³‚* Mn(II)!C‡ˆˆ>13‹'vÛÒÓˆAnKÿAnÉ_H2O2aa=gˆ>1C´Þõ6/ÿ¬XøÌa AxMnO2·yH2O_A:‹'vÛÒÓaClWE6[11]Hø‘3‡@þ6‹'vÛÒÓ*XDE6ˆAnKahi3Æ^WÚÛ3£O6/
ÿû…†¬46HMn(II)!ˆ>1•‚øÌ™0~0AnKûl‚þ6@¬að•¡Ü*X‹'vÛµS>¬•hõ6øÌa Mn(II)(OH)2 !ûXH2O2 3Æ6AnC¢5W•F6 Mn(III)OOH C¢FŠX
AxMn(III,IV)O2 ÿ-6¶#ò-Anð•¬46/ÿûXLuo ‚3Æ^Wfg÷þWE6[12]H//¬Ê!õòöB*XMn(II)(OH)2XMn(III)OOHXAxMn(III,IV)O2 û—þªþS_aMn–O &‚`·_‰C¤^FøÌngK¬46ÿE,B¬46H
Mn–O •‚h6ørs*XMn aûo[Þ3¦úõ6Mn–O‘aAg{|a¥¬C¸öXÅÿ«+£nV-EH
MnCl2 û‹'vÛno>¬OH-ÿaü--•Ž3ÆÇMn(OH)2 øC•hV" øÌ Mn(OH)2 aHh*X

20

FŠXvan der Waals ’3Æ^WøÔêû°Åõ6/ÿ¬0]õ6H
Ï^WX²³‚aÆ,3OH-ÿ H2O2CÔ˜3´ÞVFSgXMn(OH)2 øa•hÿS3XMn aAnûÔ˜3¦/6FýXMn(OH)2 øa·øõ6¡ÜÿXMn(III)OOH R Mn(III,IV)O2 aøaHh¡Üû¹gVWE6…†ñû46HºÙ‚*
MnO2 øû•F6é3X—þ‚a°ÅCIJõ6Æ,-KLûó·34þ©XMnO2 \]^_`ûl‚
þ6*[AÿNOFH
" \]^_`a¤=¬*Xj“øC’|÷B6#“KÿVWi¨‹0ªGÜÝJ•0ûÆk7‚þWE6H/a#“vI•0*»Œ÷-I3€qõ6:JSû‹'Î'!3Æ^Wj“øÿœW‚þWE6Fý Coulomb HóôDû€ý‚þX·ørsCt¾<n÷B6ÿNO‚þWE6H@F·øVFSg¬Y/a#“vI•03ÆÇ~’’|÷B6/ÿû¬öX\]^_`*>1§¬¾<n÷þ6H" /þ‚#“vI•0aˆAnKC‹'vÛÒÓˆAnKa£QÇ3DEþ©X²³‚agh¬¥C•D¬ö6FýXbc¬QœXMnO2 \]^_`Cgh¬ö6ÿNOXMnO2 \]^_`abcdef
gh3•Ç\«AH
UD1#«$%¬-®E¤¥¯°S±¯²³&äåa¹ÁVFMnO2 \]^_`agh¬¥*X0.3
M MnCl2 ˆ>1 10 mL 3˜`ŠxI'‹0ªGÜÝˆ
AnK_TMA·OHaÿ H2O2 a=gˆ>1_—þªþ
0.6 MX0.9 Ma20 mL C´ÞVFŠXbcÑoR§¬ 1‹¦§õ6a„¬46H=gÿÔ˜3X¼½®¬4^
F MnCl2 ˆ>1*Q¯3An÷þ¾¿®a™š1_1a
ÿ-6_; 3aH/a¾¿®™š1*I0°'óbCˆõ/ÿ•‚;eJ²>1¬46/ÿûfg¬öXo‹ ; 3_qaMnCl2 ˆ>1._saTMA·OH/H2O2‘ÀýVWEWYÁÂ-+*•F-EH

ˆ>1C´ÞVFŠa™š1|.

/a™š1 1 a UV-Vis õÞ.e‰`'C;4 3ˆ
õH380 nm L›3¾þ6õÞ±0²*MnO2 \]^_

2.0

2.0

ÕaõÞ/z¬46[13]HõÃMÿÄM3*ÑÖIÔ_; 4Xyž;aûhÌVXÄMC£n÷BWYõÞ
/zû£Q‚-E/ÿ•‚X/þ‚aÄM¹¬*\]^_`a¶g*¦/^WE-EH™š1 1 C}AÅÆVWl‚þ6ÇÌaÈÉ_2aAbsorbance¯efgh¥3Æ^Wl‚þ6MnO2 \]^_`ÿÔ

Absorbance`§a Mn J•0a d-d tµ3Ûuõ6Ya¬4ÇX
1.5
1.0

1.5
1.0
0.5
0.0
0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0
Cencentration (10-4 M)

0.5
0.0
300

400

500

600

700

800

Wavelength (nm); 4" ™š1 1 a UV-Vis õÞ.e‰`'H_y•ûoRMoÆ™J‰ex_`'a^_`ÌKL¬4 ž;a380 nm 3456õÃMaÄMÝpñH

CÊËJ-¢ñÌ_SEMa3ÆÇ’Íõ6ÿXV³J

6/ÿûfg¬ö6_;5a
H@F/þ‚^_`ÌKL*XÎr346KLûÏ5WEO6Ü3”EH}AÅÆ¥*\]^_`a°ÅCIOGG>?CÐÁ÷BX34CNÞ¬ö6FýX/aÆ,-^_`ÌarsC’Íõ6a3•VWE6H^_`ÌKLaÚ÷CE·Y6Fý3X÷-‘’¢ñÌ_AFMa’ÍC]^FH™š1 1 C./0;_`¥3Æ^W™Jv!:I3õöVX‹‚/0Lª_²3W;<VFAbC;
6 3ˆõH!:I
3fg¬ö6HÌûXE[þYd<aÚ„C¤^F^_`ÌKL¬46/ÿû~W¬öX•÷ƒe721

ôJ'•‚^_`aÚ÷*.0.9 nm ÿE·Y‚þFH/a^_`Ú÷*XMnO2 øaAB°ò-Ú÷_~0.52 nma
3ÑòWoö-`¬46H/þ*Æå…‚a»¼346
Æ,3XMnO2 \]^_`aoÐ3ˆ¤-_~0.2 nmaûõöVWE6FýAÿNO‚þ6[14]H@FX!:Ia^_`ÌKLaÚ÷¤÷_; 7a•‚X\]^_`apq
Ñ*. 80%_Ð·Ñaÿ233•E/ÿû¤•^FH/þ‚a/ÿ•‚XMnO2 ø*•Eög¬\]^_`ÿVW¤íVWE6ÿNO‚þ6HÏua¯efgh¥¬ô; 5 }AÅÆ34 2 a SEM Ó.

hVF\]^_`a™š1*X«²¤|-+3Æ^Wª’|aYaC¸Ñõ6&-¡ÜCZÃÿõ6ûX—aÆ,-&-¡ÜC¢6/ÿ-k•E@ø:CÒh¬ö6a*dkòö/ÿ¬46H/þ*Xj“øa’|¡ÜC¢-EÿE,–¬¥aÉ?CðpV
WE6ÿ>Qþ6H; 6 :I>™Jv!:I3õöVF MnO2 \]^_`a*#) AFM Ó.:>>¾©ba•
÷ƒe7ôJ'.

; 7" MnO2 \]^_`aÚ÷¤÷(Ð·Ñ)HbD´µ¶,·E²³k¸±&" \]^_`™š1Cx0ŠŠ07^'‹_CDEWN
ÞVX3c3E¬ÅÆVF°Å2_3a*XXRD Ð‹_
034EW(001)M(003)a"Ðð03U•õ6/_‰Cˆõ/ÿ•‚øÌngK¬46ÿNO‚þ6_; 8aH
MnO2 aø‘{|*0.95 nm ÿ-ÇX¯efgh¥¬ôh
VF(TMA)xMnO2·yH2O aø‘{|:~0.96 nm>ÿÆkd
kõ6[15]H@FXMnO2 øaÐað03U•õ62U#-/_‰û 37°X65° L›3’;÷þXMnO2 øûŠ0°[6]H)Œ¤ø¬*X
Ý3·øVWE6/ÿCˆºVWE6/a°Å2 3 a\hû(TMA)0.20MnO2·0.2H2O ÿ-ÇX22

; 8" ÅÆÈÉ((TMA)0.20MnO2·0.2H2O)
aÈÉ XRD Ð‹_0.

Mn û+3.8 a=g÷-ûÌ#¬46/ÿCˆVFH™š1
1 §3*XMnO2 \]^_`a»3 TMA R
TMA R H2O ¤-Cø‘3‡ˆøÌngKÿ
H2O û‡@þ6FýX3c3E¬ÅÆÑ°ÅVFSg*-6H
20 K 8IacM¹¬*Currie" °Å2 3((TMA)0.20MnO2·0.2H2O)aÔQn:acM£nC;9 3ˆõH<o(C) = 1.44 emu K mol-1XWeiss cM (Õ) = –36.4 K ¬ Curie-Weiss Ö (×= C(T-Õ)-1) 3Ï,H®cr¬*XQS|Ø :FC> ÿ eQS|Ø:ZFC>ÿ¬Qn:3Af-%EûE‚þXZFC 34EW 10 K L›
3v.ƒû¾þ6HWeiss cM•‚sY÷þ6ðGQñOµcMÆÇY®EcM3v.ƒû¾þW4
ÇX/aM3QRò-7Š.`8_^90ûpqõ6/ÿCˆVWE6H/aÆ,-v.ƒ*•¸Q
H/an:34EWY’;÷þX•¸ó/o (1) ûIàõ63'^Wv.ƒacMYIàõ6_; 10a¾**./0LŠ.RŽ3Qñ3É?ò-Ya¬4ÇXoÙ*OµcM Tc :1 = 0 3456/_‰cM
ÿ<7> 3Æ^W™,nVFQ©aÙö7Tc / Tc log(71)Xõ-QìQSa×¶3Uõ6./0a¶öR[16]
H//¬7Tc *Xó/o£n713Uõ6/_‰cMa
õ÷3Æ^W•êò3üîõ6/ÿû¬ö6£nƒ¬46H–M34567Tc / Tclog(71)* 0.035 ÿ-ÇX/a`*./0LŠ.aSg3•gõ6:Ž3QñaSg* 0.1 8Iÿ-6[16]>/ÿ•‚X/þ‚aKLa®cH*./0LŠ.HAÿABV
FH" –M¬*XMnO2 ø3‡@þ6Mn J•0‘ûðGQñHóôDC¤ìX:*+,-3Ûuõ65
6°ò-7Š.`8_^90C¤^WE6/ÿÿX
Mn J•0û 3+/4+ a=g÷-ûÌ#34ÇXûo¤÷3Š0°Ý&.û46/ÿ¬./0LŠ.HCHhVWE6ÿNO‚þ6H; 9" °Å2 3_(TMA)0.20MnO2·0.2H2Oaa
ÔQn:cM£n. yž;*®c¹¬a FC•ZFC ÛçCˆõ.

; 10 °Å2 3_(TMA)0.20MnO2·0.2H2Oaa•¸Qn:aó/oÝpñ

iD¹Oº1$»OkE¼¤½&" J•0•Ž¥3Æ^WøÌa#“/j“Wg2Cl63*Xd¤3ø‘{|CjX6Fýa%&'(_ûZÃ-FýXƒe`02ÿa§Uð•3Æ^WzE‹'Î'‹€0-+CyžVFŠ3X!òa
#“¤-ÿaJ•0•Žð•C],ZÃû46_Ú.`•Ž¥a[17]Hd¬X\]^_`•‚øÌWg2Côhõ6Sg3*Xø‘{|ûj$o3jû^FÌ#•‚øÌngKûHh÷þ6a¬X_3aJ•0•Žð•¬*l‚þ-EÆ,-oö-#“¤-ÿaWg2ûl‚þ6ÿE,É?û46[18]H
MnO2 \]^_`_™š1 1aaSgXMn ÷- 1 9ØFÇ– 0.2 ÜMa–JSC¤^WE6FýXvI

23•0ÿaCoulomb HóôD3ÆÇpq3·ø2C¬O6H/a/ÿCmDõþ©Xâæa“†ñ#“vI•0Cø‘3‡ˆøÌWg2Côhõ6/ÿû…†¬46H*X¤-a·ø3Æ6ÜJ-Ýa†-Çû89Ð.C•
FXb¤JSµ¶Ì#Cÿ6/ÿ3Æ6ÎÏÛ‹a•h

S

S

S

tetrathiafulvalene (TTF)
Tetrathiafulvalene
(TTF)

O

Tetrathiafulvalene
_8>X
TTFa
R Bis (ethylenedioxy)-TTF_8>XBEDO-TTFaÿE^FJ-²\_¤-_;11a

S

O

S

S

O

S

S

O

bis(ethylenedioxy)-TTF (BO)Bis(ethylenedioxy)-TTF; 11" TTF 4Æ’ BEDO-TTF a¤-rs

û…†¬46FýXÒÓò-9JñC¤GJSµ¶Þ2CHhõ6/ÿ¬7‚þWE6[19]HÖO© (BEDO-TTF)2(BF4)[20] -+aJSµ¶Þ2aSg¬*X
BEDO-TTF ¤-û·ørsCHhVXBEDO-TTF *+0.5 ab¤JSµ¶Ì#346FýX•EJ89ñC#VWE6H@FX/þ‚*ˆ3…>¬46FýX\]^_`™š1ÿa=g3ÆÇXøÌ
a#“ / j“Wg2C¬O6/ÿûþÿ¬ö6H)NX™š1 1 3 (TTF)3(BF4)2 R (BEDO-TTF)2(BF4)aÈÉ34C´Þõ6/ÿ3Æ^WXWg2aôh3hßVFH>CñaÆE (TTF)3(BF4)2 ¬*X´ÞVWoRà¬·ø2ÿ„‚þ6]®aÁÂû•FFûX>Cña®E (BEDO-TTF)2(BF4) aSg¬
*X]®ÁÂC•[6@¬35 ˜‘ÜMCÃVFH
Wg2a XRD Ð‹_0C; 12 3ˆõHE[þaWg234EWYøÌKLaHhCˆõ(00l)a"Ðð0û¾þW4ÇX(001) ÐaÐ‘{|*TTFXBEDO-TTF aSg¬—þªþ14.5 ÅX18.4 Å ÿTTFXBEDO-TTF aÇX°Å2 3_(TMA)0.20MnO2·0.2H2OaÿÑòWoö-ø‘{|aáÀû46H¤-zNzû—þªþ9 ÅX13 Å ÜM¬46/ÿCN5
õ6ÿX¤-*—azNC MnO2 Ð3UVWÅ¡PQ3
O5Wø‘3yžVWE6/ÿ3-6H%&'(_¤í¢â©¤ø_EDSa3ÆÇ S/Mn ÑCE·YÇX7†ƒ¤ø_TGAa
3Æ^Wø‘aH2O ‡ƒCE·Y^Fÿ/”X
W g 2 a \ h * — þ ª þ (TTF)0.15MnO2 · 1.0H2O X(BEDO-TTF)0.21MnO2·1.6H2O ÿ-^FH/þ‚aWg2*XKBr e8‚`CDEFUV-Vis õÞ.e‰`'a®%&'(_¸¹ (~5000 cm-1) 3 TTF M¤-‘aJSµ¶3Ûuõ6õÞ±0²C¤^W4ÇXø‘a TTF M¤-‘; 12" TTF/MnO2 4Æ’ BEDO-TTF/MnO2
aÈÉ XRD Ð‹_0

3*ÜJ-Ýa†-Çû4ÇX•Gb¤JSµ¶Ì#3
46/ÿCˆVFHV•V-û‚X89M;<¬*ã92ò-cM£nCˆVFFýXø‘a¤-*²xJ0CHhõ6-+tÙd3¤÷VWE6ÿNO‚þ6H@FX)Na\hÑ¬*XTTF M¤*j“ø‘a•‘C20äÜMV•åýW4‚[XÜJ-Ýa†-ÇCÄVFÎÏÛ‹a¼Zò-`Š
0.7ô_û'(¬46/ÿYXã92¬46÷úadGÿNO‚þ6HÒÓò-89ñCl63*
ÆÇABña•E34ûZÃ¬46ÿÿY3Xø‘a¤-a‡ƒC[RõÆ,-2æûZÃ¬46H
žD¾¿;y&Mn(II) aˆ>1C¿ÁKLÿVXbcdefgh3Æ^W MnO2 \]^_`Cghõ6/ÿ3hß
VFH–¬¥*Ïua¯efgh¥3ÑòXgh3ZÃ-•c©ïR˜‘CoU3çk/ÿû¬ö6
A5¬-kXÆÇ•EÞ:¬\]^_`Cl‚þ6ÿE,É?C¤GH>1gh¬*XÒÓJ•0RAnÉaÄMXghcM-+að•noañèû…†¬46FýX¯efgh¥¬*'(-\]^_

24

`a³J•JÛRÒÓJ•0aûoJÛû…†3-6ÿ>Qþ6H
É3X\]^_`a³J•JÛ*X
ƒ-³J•ób3¦úõ6Kñ_Ã§?†RÃJ¸Éñ-+aaJÛ3G-ûÇX!éX•DaÐ¬†Ã3-6ÿNO‚þ6H
MnO2 \]^_`a•h¡Ü*X>1gh3456øÌ™0~0AnKa•h¡Üÿai¾•‚Xˆ
AnKa¶#ò-Anð••‚h6ÿNO‚þ6H/a/ÿ•‚Xäå*yøÌaˆAnK_@F*•Î^ˆAnKaûpqVX}AnK@¬aAnû…†¬4ÇXê‹'vÛµS>¬AnKû¾<¬
46XÿE, 3 GanoCëFõÒÓ)Œ¬4þ©Xbcdefgh3ÆÇ\]^_`Cl‚þ6ÿ
NOWE6H/aÆ,-ÒÓ)Œ3*Fe, Co, Ni -+ûìX‚þ6ûX/þ‚aAnK\]^_`*ªAl‚þWE-EHbcdefgh¬*’|¡ÜC¢ÛV-EFýX¯efgh¥¬*l‚þ-E/þ‚a\]^_`Côh¬ö6…†ñû4ÇXbcdefghûMnO2 \]^_`89aM3+/@¬•D¬ö6a•X¾q±²C0ýWE6ÿ/”¬46Hmn&" –±²C0ý634FÇX#“Kñn°±²bX4Æ’ÒH°±²ba¬å3¯o-6‹²±J.
Cíö@VFH•¸Qn:;<3* LTM ³0‹_SÔmDaSQUID Qî¦CDEW4ÇXLTM ³0‹_a¬å3*‹åÈÉÊË3ïð’•EW4Ç@õH@FX
SEM-EDX ;<¬*XLTM ³0‹_aSÔmDñýCcQBWEFAö@VFH/aSCòÇWÚkÛÜÝVIX@õH–±²* 21 óô
COE ƒeLŠÝKìío°n°¼õ±²äö÷BOaøàC¢5W]QþW4ÇXºÙa 1 1_ija*ìío°Le_±'COE ƒeLŠÝKKL¯°a‰!ár•ÿ#ó£öhŒé÷BOa•øC¢5
WE@õH
o&p&q&r&[1] M. Osada, Y. Ebina, K. Takada, T. Sasaki : Adv. Mater. 18, 1235 (2006)[2] H. Junxiang, H. Sato, Y. Umemura, A. Yamagishi : J. Phys. Chem. B 109, 4679 (2005)[3] W. Sugimoto, H. Iwata, Y. Yasunaga, Y. Murakami, Y. Takasu : Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 42, 4092 (2003)[4] A. Takagi, M. Sugisawa, D. Lu, J. N. Kondo, M. Hara, K. Domen, S. Hayashi : J. Am. Chem. Soc. 125,5479 (2003)[5] R. E. Schaak, T. E. Mallouk : Chem. Mater. 14, 1455 (2002)[6] L. Wang, K. Takada, A. Kajiyama, A. Onoda, M. Y. Michiue, L. Zhang, M. Watanabe, T. Sasaki : Chem.
Mater. 15, 4508 (2003)[7] H. Y. Lee, J. B. Goodenough : J. Solid State Chem. 144, 220 (1999)[8] K. Kai, Y. Yoshida, H. Kageyama, G. Saito, T. Ishigaki, Y. Furukawa, J. Kawamata : J. Am. Chem. Soc.
130, 15938 (2008)[9] A. Chemseddine, T. Moritz : Eur. J. Inorg. Chem. 2, 235 (1999)[10] P. Aldebert, N. Baffier, N. Gharbi, J. Livage : Mat. Res. Bull. 16, 669 (1981)[11] Q. Feng, E.-H. Sun, K. Yanagisawa, Y. Nakamichi : J. Ceram. Soc. Jpn. 105, 564 (1997)[12] J. Luo, Q. Zhang, S. L. Suib : Inorg. Chem. 39, 741 (2000)[13] L. Wang, Y. Omomo, N. Sakai, K. Fukuda, I. Nakai, Y. Ebina, K. Takada, M. Watanabe, T. Sasaki : Chem.
Mater. 15, 2873 (2003)[14] T. Sasaki, Y. Ebina, Y. Kitami, M. Watanabe, T. Oikawa : J. Phys. Chem. B 105, 6116 (2001)25

[15] X. Yang, Y. Makita, Z.-h. Liu, K. Sakane, K. Ooi : 16, 5581 (2004); S. L. Brock, M. Sanabria, S. Suib, V.
Urban, P. Thiyagarajan, D. I. Potter : J. Phys. Chem. B 103, 7416 (1999)[16] J. A. Mydosh, ‘‘Spin Glass’’, Taylor 8 Francis (1993)[17] Z. Tong, S. Takagi, T. Shimada, H. Tachibana, H. Inoue : Chem. Lett. 34, 1406 (2005)[18] Y. Kanzaki, M. Abe : Bull. Chem. Soc. Jpn. 64, 2292 (1991)[19] G. Saito, Y. Yoshida : Bull. Chem. Soc. Jpn. 80, 1 (2007)[20] H. Yamochi, T. Nakamura, G. Saito, T. Sugano, F. Wudl : Synth. Met. 42, 1741 (1991)

stuv&
ijdk (Kazuya KAI)
ìío°o°îï°±²¯n°ãù" íêãÜ" 2 &Cç" 2006 &" úûüýÌo°ŒéµS2°bè
2008 &" ìío°o°îï°±²¯éêãÜéì

lmno (Yukihiro YOSHIDA)•Žo°•g±²à" ±²å
Cç" 1996 &" þ=o°ï°bn°¯è2001 &" ìío°o°îï°±²¯íêŠþãÜéì
p=q (Hiroshi KAGEYAMA)ìío°o°îï°±²¯n°ãù" ÿä†Cç" 1993 &" ìío°ï°bè
1998 &" ìío°o°îï°±²¯íêŠþãÜéì
1998 &" ïìo°Kñ±²àà…
2003 &" ìío°o°îï°±²¯àä†_2007&ÆÇÿä†arstu (Gunzi SAITO)•Žo°•g±²à" ä†_ìío°" •!ä†aCç" 1967 &" ú"go°ï°bè" " " 1972 &" ú"go°ï°±²¯íêŠþãÜéì
" " " 1979 &" þ#ŒÌSÔ±²“r¤-¯°±²à" à…
" " " 1984 &" ïìo°Kñ±²à" àä†" " " 1989 &" ìío°ï°bn°¯" ä†" " " 1995 &" ìío°o°îï°±²¯" ä†" " " 2008 &ÆÇ¾ð"26

vwxy (Tetsuo ISHIGAKI)=•o°ï°b" n°Ñ$8n°¯4&•Zz{ (Jun KAWAMATA)=•o°o°î%°M±²¯(ï°M)" ÿä†Cç" 1988&" ú"go°ï°bèÕ
1990&" ú"go°o°îï°±²¯§&
1990&" ú"go°•DJR±²à" äÖðå1994&" ú"go°J-¯°±²à" à…
2003&" =•o°ï°b" àä†_2007&ÆÇÿä†a"27

1 #)}_.~." •€Ag•‚GHIƒ-R2„•
A One-Dimensional Bose Gas– from the weakly interacting gas to the strongly correlated gas –…>†‡ìío°o°î" 1‘ÑµS°±²¯" HIµS°ãù" KLHIB¤=
Toshiya Kinoshita
Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies,
Course of Studies on Material Science, Kyoto University
A set of experiments was performed on a one-dimensional Bose gas system. A 3D Bose-Einstein condensateof 87Rb atoms formed in an all-optical trap was loaded into a 2D optical lattice that consists of an array of parallel
1D tubes. By measuring the total energy, cloud size, and local pair correlation function of the atoms, theproperties of the 1D Bose gas from the weak coupling to strong coupling (Tonks-Girardeau) limit were
elucidated for the first time. The characteristic property of fermionization of the wave functions was observed in
the TG limit.
CDwxly&1995 &3Òh÷þF‹'vÛ÷-R2a}_.Ñ‹J0^'‹J0°¬_BECa*X80 &£•‚z(a0)C*XWöF8_D_|ØÑ`Š‚/0L_+,a-.adGaÅoh¬4^FH÷-R2*z”-Fý÷-‘HóôD*2 2›‹ûÆkhÇÌìXV•YHóôD*"ýW€EH÷‚3X ÷-R2*[ôñ3/þXƒ-¾*CQœ…0n¬ö6mBC1BY^W4ÇXLe.Ñ/‹%7.Î
__GPaïBÿaïVEÑëXŒ)¦a’;Xƒ-2a•hÿ’;-+XÍ-‘aHóôDûGE12ÚÛÜÝ¬*fgV3k•^F¯ka34RñLûA‚•3÷þFH
BEC Ú23Iõ6!éò-±²ûdü5ÇVFŠX ƒ-R2_ƒ-Î¦ñaóbû¢£3¾þ6
R2¬XBEC R—aŠ3•¾VF7•'€¬&VF÷-R2-+û—aÖaC‰F-¿ÁBÿVF±²û0ý‚þWE6H—a§a"d"Ga±²˜_™ÿVWXGHIMa•hÿ—aKñaïCC!”õY
aû46Hf•3X€kHóôDV4^WE6/ÿûƒ-R2a–Lò-É?¬4ÇX—þ/—û|Ø÷-CmDVWKï¾*a–LCA639ö¿B6à8¬Y4^FûX GkHóôDV4,MXEQ76GHIM3*XE@ACA÷þWE-EKï°a(1û46aYj•¬46H—/¬X[ôñ3õ8
þFƒ-R2¬GHIMC•h¬öþ©X/,VF(013UVWAf-C9ûl‚þ6a¬*-E•ÿþÿVFk-6aYØ6¬4”,H¬*X+,R^Wƒ-R2CGHIM3¬ö6a¬4”,•H–C,*X/a0E3Uõ6dGaC9C¬O6Ya¬4ÇXºÙû‹xÛv:q˜3]^WEF
GHIƒ-R2¬46 1 #)}_.R2a•êò±²3Iõ6Ya¬46[1,2]H#;•‚X1 #)M}<0aïBC@@33’VFŠX1 #)}_.R2a•h¥ÿX ‡ýW•ê¬fg÷þF1 #)M
É#aAbCÃÄõ6H

28

HDC JKÀ$ÁÂÁ& 2ÃÄÅ0Æ.½Ç•ÀÈ.˜\ÉÊËÌW›ÍŠœŠÎÏœ` ÂÁ•2&1 #)}_.~.aïB±²aç=*zkX1936 & 1 #)I3ú«AŸ_²;‹•‚-6R2aÎ
¦òñLC>?Ëò@3±²VF Tonks 31CÁõ6[3]H1960 & Girardeau *X?Ëò-W28C>4
óEÏ¡V4O-E@}~03ýöŽOX"1 #)a N 2}~0a/¶IoûXN 2a./0û-EÿVF7•'€•0a/¶Io_.8_‹_]AuaacU`¬¬O‚þ6/ÿCBž39ö¿VF[4]H.8_‹_]AuC‡ˆ/ÿ*XÔd•‘BCS#¬ö-E7•'€•0òñLCYì,6/ÿX
]AuacU`Cÿ6/ÿ*}~0É#aÍ-a•Ž3Uõ6/¶IoaU#ñC—Cõ6H/a N 2
a/¶Io3Æ^WÂ÷þWE6Ì#*X
4óEa}~0û4F•YÐÜÛD»E3Ï,•aïÿk
óE3F54^WE6Sg_‹0I±0I0La3HØVX
K7•'€•0nVF}~0Oÿ¨©þW
E6H/aÆ,-Ì#û•¾VWE61 #)R2û Tonks-Girardeau ~.¬46H

1963 &X Lieb ÿ Liniger *X2 2‘aHóôDûâæaG÷aBœ§¢´’¬¬O‚þ6N 2}<0aŸ€'`G‹0CNOX¡_˜x,3!µEWBžCC9¿VF[5]H—aC*X x3 2 Í-ûGH3†-Çg^FSg3•F6HóôD%&'(_ÿXx3ÒÍ-a/¶Ioû†-6/ÿ-k€
qVFSg3•F6ƒ-’°ò-è¶%&'(_ÿaÑX
I3Æ^Wdæò3D@6
_ŠÙû¤

a
H

HóôDû€ESg_IJ1"a
XM*€q3Æ6è¶%&'(_C\]÷B6òkXK‚•3oökj
û^FóE3†-Çg,/¶IoC¤ìX\ÙS›‹û…†-*°¬_quasi-BEC"aVF 1 #)~.
ÿ-6Hd¬X HóôDûGE"$¬*_IL1"a
XM*/¶Ioa†-ÇC$&3õ6/ÿC$/œVXÍ-‘3233GEHIû•F6HHI{|*÷-‘{|ÜMÿ-ÇXÏ¡V4O-EW28
ûú«¬E6Ì#3›EH\ÙS›‹ûHk•÷-E/aGHIa"$ÌÍûX@÷3 Tonks-Girardeau~.¬46HUDÐÑ•ÒÓ}ÔÕÖO×·ØÙÚ•ÛÜ¦&
÷-‘HóôD*!–ò3*233€EYaaX|Ø÷þF÷-¬*è¶%&'(_Y"ýW&÷
EH—/¬XMa!"Ì#R°J\€‰.aD<3Xè¶%&'(_ÆÇYHóôD%&'(_a¬ûÆÇoö-•‚Cò¡õÆ,-ÌÍCMþ©X÷-R2CGHIM3õ6/ÿû¬ö6H|Ø÷aSgX÷-‘HóôDaoö÷ÿNg_‘’•´’•a*X2 2aíîzaoö÷ÿN%¬D@6H
Ôha|Ø}~0-‚"s"/íîzX7•'€•0-‚p /íîzûHóôDañLCD<µ56H÷
-aSgX9bQSaññè3Æ^WíîzCÚq3JÛ¬ö6X7•‚^'±‚ŸSTÿ¨©þWE6¾*û46H/þ3ÆÇXíîzCoök¬öXI-a
2 Ga%&'(_aHUò-±Š0.X
G@ÇIC£O6/ÿû¬ö6H
3 #)M¬ICoökõ63*XHóôDCGk_"s"/íîzûoö
ka•G•žM3õ6ZÃû46ûX•žMa>¬7•^'±‚‰STC],ÿX2Oñíî3Æ6
÷-oae.ûP@FkR2*¥˜‘¬Q±VWV@,Hÿ/”ûXIaÃŒÿ-^WE6\ÙS%&'(_ÿ€q3'^W[Þõ6è¶%&'(_a,ìXŠÙ*1 #)ÿ 3 #)¬¼-6žMÝpñ
CYGH1 #)aSgXwÙaHóôD%&'(_*3 #)aSgÿÔFk÷-ožMn 3ÑÖõ6ûXŠÙa€q3Æ6è¶%&'(_aIà*X:÷-‘{|>•2" G@Ç n a 2 ß3ÑÖõ6a¬X
A€I* n 3ðÑÖõ6HÏ^WX1 #)¬* 3 #)ÿ*ðU3žMû&÷E¬ûI*oökGHI
M3-6H®žMaYÿ¬•h¬ö6a¬X2Oñíî3Æ6÷-oae.*NF¬ö6H
8I•‚X1 #)Ma}_.R2*XBžCapqÿ¾<-GHIMa•hÿE,XïBÑ•êaoÐ¬mBCYGH[ôñ3R«A÷-R23Æ61 #)}_.~.a•h*XoïKï°ò3†Ã-ïBa(S3õÌìX•êÿïBÿaïVEÑëû…†¬46FýX+aÆ,-KïƒCE•3V

29

W;<õþ©ÆEa•X)ŠÆÇWY-GHIMa±²3ZÃÿ-6’;-.CfÌõ6FýaKF
FöTOÿVWYo£U†¬46HV•VX B,3 1 #)ñCëFVXVWRt{KajE‰Û_0-µS3XFwýXV•YGkHóôDV4,M3õ6ÿE,-.ò'(÷aFýX—a•¾*z&
Y@þWöFHbD°NOy:ÕÝJKÀ$ÁÂÁEÞ¥&1998 &XOlshanii *Ž®ca÷-R2CWaveguide a3ZÇw«¬2 #)¬O3233GkXFw
ýXWaveguide aN¬O3a„÷-ûÚÛ3è¶¬ö61 #)~.a•h¥CÁ|VF[6]H/aÿö
I*X3 #)¬a÷-a s /íîz aX2 #)¬Oa/¶IoaU_×¶-z÷aaVX1 #)a÷-ožM n -+X•ê¬JÛ¬ö6¾•ò-Kïƒ3ÆÇ#u¬›‹ò3Â÷þ6[6]HI ~ 2 a / n aV2" " " " _1a//¬X2 #)¬OaXFwý*2 #)ñU×¶-•˜0^Ï'¬¬O‚þX
aV"*—a!"Ì#a

9#ÿLƒ m CDE6ÿ aV= (> / m9%#:;<#¬Â÷/¶IoaU¬X`Š‚ƒa¬×¶õ6÷-a+ó/oþ6HMûR¤3 1 #)¬46ÿgý‚þ63*XMan°•˜0^Ï'= R÷-3I¼õ64‚76%&'(_ûXÿY32 #)ñU•˜0^Ï'a%&'(_‘œ>9#ÆÇYR¤3&÷EÿE,noûëF÷þ6ZÃû46H/a%&'(_aJ$*X÷-Ôêa[\-+û¦/^WY÷-û)¦÷þ-E/ÿXG@Ç2 #)¬Oaè¶*GH3!"Ì#3}A÷þWE6/ÿCÃ]VX÷-ûV
¬O3>[þ-E@/ÿC—Cõ6H^,@¬YjkXˆ\¬Oa`0&Û0L-+Y¦/^W*‚-EH
1 #)ñanoCëFVF,O¬XICoökVW÷‚3GHI¸¹3ž63*X_1auÆÇXz
Xíîz a Coökõ6/ÿûÃ]÷þ6H”-_n &a÷-R2C233‹J`3XFwý_aV&a—/¬@[Xíîza Coökõ6ÆÇYXfÇ2 GaÐŠx_‹_¬GHI¸¹3ŸÒ¬ö6Æ,3õ6HWaveguide ÿVW*Xäå*2 #)Ã,-¬Hh÷þ61 #)I'_ŠCmDVFHÃ,ÿ*X8_D_Ãa<q/a;@F*_3Xƒ-¬&VFŽ|Ø÷-Å`C•‘ò3™ÖüA÷BF
KL¬46H1 –a<q/_|D Latticea¬*÷-aè¶*ÒŒ^.‰Ia2 #)I3X2 –_2D Latticea¬*I'_ŠÌa•©aba1 #)3$<÷þX®#)MCM6/ÿû¬ö6[7]H•ê¬*XQRÃ°`Š‚ƒ_MOTaÿaÃ
ýü|ØaŠXÃi"-`Š‚ƒa3÷-Å`CµõHÃi"-`Š‚ƒDaYAG 8_D__/z 1.06 =ma* 2 –3Q5‚þX—a•Œ¸¹¬bÁ|ØC]^WBEC C•hõ6[8]H—aéX•_Ý80•^.˜ÝC9žõ6/ÿ
3ÆÇX•Œ¸¹¬a•_Ýc*Úq3£Â¬ö6H. 2 à‘abÁ|Ø3ÆÇX
|F mF > =|1 1>
Ì#3464Æ—300000 9a 87Rb ÷-aÅÿ«+•Wû}_.°¬õ6H/aŠX;1 3ˆ
õÆ,3X2 –aQ•õ6Ã,-•_ÝCBEC
a§²3†-6Æ,3ž0õ6HÃ,-•_Ý
aãc*. 600#=m ¬X`_™.Ñ7•'€›30;1" tuò-•êüý;H¾E£dûYAG8_
D_XeEoö-£dûÃ,-•_ÝCÂõH•Œ¸¹3*XfQ¬O_Z NaCNÿõ6|#)
I'_ŠaîûHh÷þWE6H

‹¬¬O‚þ6BEC aãc_>-3ˆVF¬¥¬10#=m •‚ 25#=m @¬…£aÆÇYg•3oöEHˆ\ÐIC0ˆ2 –a Lattice •_Ý*Xˆ\Ða3.400 nm a,-‘œ¬¯oüAVF 1 #)I'_ŠîC BEC L›3ô6HI'_Ša 1 #)N*fQ¬O¬4ÇXN¬O3*BEC C•hõ6é3cDVFÃ`Š‚ƒC—a@@fõ/ÿ¬X÷-*ˆ\¬O3*Ã,-3ÆÇ"ýWGkXN¬O3*ZR•-ñU•˜0^Ï'3ÆÇXFwý‚þ6Hd–aI'_ŠA5CE6ÿX‹.e‰`Ñ*$o¬ 800 ÜM3@¬4ÆƒH°¬÷-Å`*/þ‚I'_Š3~¤ü÷þ6/ÿ3-ÇXÔFXF
wýaG÷CYG¯oaËÌ-|#)}~0Mû•h÷þ6H
aV= (>/m9%#:;<##¬X9#*Ã,-a•_ÝGMa\¬_1auÆÇXaVÿ n C£Oþ©ICJÛ¬ö6H
h3ÑÖõ6•‚XÃGMC[o÷B6Å+ˆ\¬OaXFwý*Gk-ÇXI*Iàõ6Hd¬X
2D Lattice CdÞ|#)÷-ožMn Y8>a(_Ça¬¥¬XaVÿÅ¡ËÌ3£n÷BFH@[Xõ6w3XBEC •hDaÃi"-`Š‚ƒa•_Ý³J•46E*—aÐ·_C[\VWX
BEC aã
cC£O6H/aŠX2D Ã,-CdÞõþ©XBEC aa÷-žM3ÝpVWÒI'_Š3+9÷þ
6÷-oûD@6HI'_Ša3+9VFŠX~’Ãi"-`Š‚ƒaGMC£Oþ©XN¬OaXFwýaG÷û£QÇXI'_Šaa÷-ožMCJÛ¬ö6Häåa^.˜Ý¬*XÃ,-ÿi"-`Š‚ƒÿE,2 GaÃ`Š‚ƒaXFwýaG÷CËÌ3ñè¬öXaVÿ n CóE3•‚õ6/
ÿ-kj¶·3‰^WJÛ¬ö6H—aAbX€kHóôDV4,¸¹•‚GHI¸¹3i6@¬X1#)MañLCoök£O6/ÿû¬öXIa`3UVW"ýWoö-°J\€‚‰80Kûl‚þ
6H•éa•ê¬*XBEC aa÷-¤÷û`_™.Ñ7•'€_TFa¤÷ÿ¨©þ6ÐŠ}Š¢3Ï,FýXÒI'_Š¬÷-ožMû¼-ÇXÆ^WIa`YSà3ÆÇ¼-6_žMû•E§²b*ó
·ÆÇIû&÷k-6a
H@FXÃaNù$TaFýÉ<aI'_Ša„C¤|VW*’;¬ö[X‡@þWE6÷-oû¼-6õòWaI'_ŠCÔ˜3’;õ6/ÿ3-6H#;8>¬,Aõ6Ab
aCøRªŒ'¦§¬*X
1 #)I'_Š39žõ6wa÷-¤÷ÿVWTF ¤÷Cx<VXHI'_
Š3QF6>\Ù@C•6/ÿ3ÆÇX•é3;<õ6KïƒÿU•÷BWE6H÷-C‡ˆI'_Ša•o*BEC a³J•3Æ^W£Q6ûX4Æ— 1000M8000 –¬XI'_Šaa\Ù÷-o* 40
M300 9¬46H
iDÝJKÀ$ÁÂÁEßà{á&GHIÉ#a×6ØERHIaG÷ûµÇ£QÇ]
kÕ-CE63*X+aÆ,-KïƒCE•3;<õþ©ÆE¬4”,•H@[*X;2 aÆ,3x31 #)I'_Š 1 –C_ö¿VXBEC •hŠX2D LatticeaÃGMC7^kÇ[ÞVWEk3'^WX/¶Io
û+aÆ,3£nVWEk•CNOW„6HÃGMû
€Eÿö*_IJ1a
X3 #)a BEC a×6ØEÿ–L
ò3*%E*-EH;j_80.z3U•õ6/¶I
oaU*oökjû^W4ÇXÒ/¶Ioa†-ÇYoöEFýX\ÙS›‹ûÆkhÇÌG¸¹_Mean•Field Regime":"MF ¸¹a346HÃaGMCIXW;2" XFwý3Æ6/¶Ioa£nXFwýCGkõ6ÿ
_IM1aXˆ\¬O3k‚þF31

~.*N¬O3lÀVX@d÷-a/¶Io*óEa†-ÇCF5èýÆ,ÿõ6_7•'€•0naè@ÇaH÷‚3XFwýCGkõ6ÿX÷-*GH3óE3F54,Æ,×6ØEXGHI¸¹3
ž6H/¶Ioa†-Ç*Åÿ«+-Ea¬XMaH%&'(_a,ì€q3',è¶%&'(_û•üò3-6H//•‚÷‚3XFwýCGkVXIL1 a Tonks-Girardeau_TGa"$3›µEFÿVWYXõ¬3/¶IoaF54E*GìVWE6a¬XN¬OaR2az÷RMaH%&'(_3*X/þ8IÅÿ«+6Y£n*¦/‚-EH€HI•‚GHI¸¹„a£n3'^WX/þ‚Kï
ƒ3>mU@¾*ûEOþ©XGHIóba1 GaS÷ÿEO6H
2D Lattice *—a@@3VWN¬OaÃ`Š‚ƒa„C5ÇX
÷-CI'_Ša¬CÀ÷B6HCÀ
÷þ6%&'(_*Xè¶%&'(_ÿHóôD%&'(_aUÿ-ÇXn]˜‘¦;¥_Time of
Flighta3ÆÇX1 #)~.aH%&'(_û;<¬ö6H÷-ožMC&÷kVFSg_:aaaÿoökVFSg_:baaaÒå3UVWXÃGMCIX6/ÿ¬XFwýaG÷C£O-û‚XH%&'(_C;<VFAbC;3 3ˆõH;¬*XHI'_Š3‰6\Ù[ôCÞâVFIave ÿïBB¦§

(b)

(a)

N ~ 270/tube

7(wh2) (=m2)

7(wh2) (=m2)

N ~ 50/tube; 3" 1 #)}~0a 1 ÷-ØFÇaH%&'(__1 #)cMXT1D 3Ž§aH]q*H%&'(_a;<AbCÂõHI'_Šaa÷-ožMû®ESg_(a)X\Ù÷-or50aÿ•ESg_(b)X\Ù÷-or270aaÒå3UVWXXFwýaG÷C£n÷BW;<VFHÃ,-•_Ýa$oÐ·_* 700 mW ¬X/a˜X÷-a`Š‚/0Ló/o"9#;#<>#/#70 kHzXaV= 42 nmX2D Ã,•˜0^Ï'aã÷* 16"=K ¬46H|Ø÷-a•ê¬*X•˜0^Ï'aã÷-+C7•`0_)aSg*Ã,-•_ÝaÃaaÀ¿3',ðs%&'(_Erec C@-3õ6Sgû¯kX16 =K *85 Erec 3HØõ6H¨a©*\ÙS›‹3Æ6¦§XeE©* TG "$X¾E©*BžC3!µk¦§AbCˆõ_; 4 YÔÕaH-®ai+*Xn]˜‘§aV¬O„ajûÇt(Wh 2") CÂõHBu[1]ÆÇ_vH

aAbYo•þWE6H_aa¬*XIave û 4 8I3-6ÿ%&'(_ûmUVX¬O‚þF÷-ož
M3U•õ6 Tonks-Girardeau (TG) "$aïB`3Å¡«Vk-^W4ÇX\ÙSïB¬*-®¬ö-EGHI¸¹3ž^WE6/ÿûQ•6Hd¬X_ba¬*X XFwýaG÷a£n*_aaÿHk
_aa3Ñò6ÿ_ba*XÔF¬YX÷-ožMû•EFýIave *$o¬Y 0.6 ÜM3„@^WE6H
Iave û¸E¸¹3463Y••Q‚[XH%&'(_aIàõ6ögûoöE_G@ÇmUVWEEa
H\ÙS›‹ûÆkhÇÌ^W4ÇX€HI¸¹3U•VWE6H:aa
X_baÿY3XÃ,-aXFwý•˜0^Ï'aã÷ûR¤ãk-6ÿX7Û_ÐŠx_‹Cc
Q[ÿYïB¦§ÿEj-dkûE‚þ6Hd¬Xã÷ûpESg*TaI'_Š„a`0&Û0L

32û¦/ÇXY*R{v-1 #)M¬-k-6H–uY^WEF*[a%&'(_adbûXN¬O3n]VWE6$§3V¬O„a`0&Û0L3YÞR÷þWV@,FýX;aÆ,3ïBs;`•‚[þWV@,HI'_Š‘CV¬O„VWVWEk`0&Û0LaÕ-*X÷-R2Ýaã`HUa
ÖÿVW`Š‚ƒCÀŠa7 ms ÿ 17 ms
2 ß Wh 2 ûn]˜‘§3+þA5[Þõ6•CEþ©ÆkXa Wh 2 aŒXt(Wh 2) Y; 3 3ˆVFHXFwýûtR¤¬•˜0^Ï'ûpEÿöX÷-R2*ˆ
\¬O3YjûÇèý6/ÿû¤•6H" ; 4 *`Š‚ƒC5‚[3X1 #)N¬Oa÷-R2az÷C—aS’ÍVF;<Ab¬46H
1#)R2a÷-žM¤÷*X€kHóôDõ6¸¹¬*ÐŠ}Š¢a`_™.Ñ7•'€_TFa¤
÷XGHI TG "$¬* TF ¤÷a\¬ha¢a
IoHCYìX†-‚-EW28CðpVW TF¤÷ÆÇY\w3›k-6/ÿûïBò3sY÷þWE6[9]H•ê¬cDVFJx_K0LM*X/aHÌa%ECçî¬ö6Å+a•‘¤C†*-•^FûXHIûGk-63VFû^WX7^
kÇ¬*46ûTG "$¬¬O‚þ6oö÷3›µkÕ-û’;¬öFH;4" XFwý3Æ61#)R2az÷_2ß\ÙXRMSaa£nH`0&Û0Lûj0¬ö6¸¹¬*XBžCÿYÆkdkVWE6HBu[1]ÆÇ_vH&
žDH ·Eâã•ÛÛäEgh&7•'€•0na$YD<ò-S÷¬Y4ÇX

0.8

HóôDaG÷3Æ6Ma×6ØEa£nCQœ

0.7

(2)

’;õ6¬¥*X2 ÷-a€àHI g

C(¿õ

0.6

6/ÿ¬46[2]Hg(2) *ÔdB¬ 2 Ga÷-CÔ

g(2 0.5

˜3E¿õf:3ÑÖVX/¶Ioû•‘ò3+

0.4

a

0.3

`*X
°¬VWE-E}~0¬*_
2 BEC ¬* 1aX

0.2

7•'€•0¬* eÿ-6Hg(2) a(¿3äå

0.1

(2)

aÜM†-Ç4,a•X—aögCÂõHg

*Ã¶g¥CmDVFH!"Ì#346 2 Ga87

Rb ÷-ûóE3›µöX É<a/zaÃCõ
87

87

Þõ6ÿXx¬a Rb û)¦÷þF Rb(P3/2)•
87

Rb(S1/2) ÿE,dhaîyÌ#ÿVWX
2 ÷-¤

0

1

"av

10

;5 "22a€àHIIo g(2) a!Ýpñ. eE©*BžC3!µk¦§AbCˆõ. Bu[2]ÆÇ_v.

-û•h÷þ6H—aŠXÚ6À¿3ÆÇ!"Ì#3z6ÿ¤-a¯k*îyûC5Xoö-è¶%&'(_C'^W`Š‚ƒ•‚_5¿VX—aAb 87Rb ÷-ao*\]õ6Hþ«A/z¬*XÃ¶g* 2 ÷-‘aP‘{|û"ýW›E~1.8 nm aÿö3X$Yó:ò3¦/6H/a{|*Ë¢ò÷-a²ÑŠeJ/z_~ 0.3 =ma3ÑòW233&÷kX@÷3>€à@HIÿ„-VWÆE8‚Ea{|¬46H/aÃ¶gaó:XG@Ç÷-oa\]õ6ög•‚g(2) C76/ÿû¬ö6H;
1 3›E g(2) CYG*°¬VFÌ#
5 *XIC"ýWjk£OFÿöa g(2) a×6ØECˆVWE6H•‚XGHI¸¹3ž63GþW 0 3O•^W\]VWEkÕ-ûXïBÿa/þFdkÿÿY3Æ
kQ•6¬4”,HIave a[o3'EX7•'€•0nVF}~0„aZR•-‰e.•_±_aÕ33

-û{O‚þWE6H/aÆ,3÷-ÔêaHICQœ;<¬ö6a*X
÷-R2CmDVF±²aG„ad"G¬4ÇX¾q¬*÷-a2€à-HIIoCY;<¬ö6¬¥ûEkG•¹Á÷þWE6H
g(3) ÿ g(2) * g(3) = ( g(2) )3 aIÔû4
3 2a€àHIIog(3) *X3 2[\û¦/6|MC¬O6H
6a¬Xg(2) û 0 3›EGHI¸¹¬*3 2[\3Æ6÷-ae.Y}ò3&÷k-6HÏ^WX G
HI¸¹¬*7•^'±‚‰STCc^WHóôDC÷‚3oökVWYX46E*‘’HóôDõ
6Æ,3VWYXÞ7Re.a01*•F-EH›E~uX
1 #)‘’M}~0a±²Y¬ö6¬4”,Hd¬X•ê¬*XIû&÷k-63GþWg(2) = 1 3›µEWEkÙOûE‚þ6HïBI*Xû‚üaFýÙd-1 #)M¬*#$cM¬BEC *¦/‚-EûX̀ Š‚ƒa46tÙd-÷-M¬*z/zû‚ü3Û€‚`û4ÇX#$cM¬4a 1 #) BEC û¦/6ÿsY÷þWE6[10]H—aFý3*233•žMûÃ]÷þ6ûX
3 2a2Oñ[\3Æ6e.RÞ7û"ýWoök-ÇXäåa•ê¬*¾˜B¬*ŸÒ¬öWE-EH&
åD¾¿;y&I-aAb*XºÙûe0^'±G‹üÌo°aKï°¯3:q§X
DHSHWeiss ä†ÿo°î•
a THWenger ‚ÿ]^FSÔ±²3Æ6Ya¬46H7•'€•0nVF}~0¬*X/¶Ioac
U`@F*2 ß3¦úõ6Kïƒû7•'€•0ÿÔFñLCYGHäå*÷-aH%&'(_XM
a³J•R2 2a€àHIIoa;<C_VWX/þ‚1 #)GHI}~0añLC•ê¬‡ýWA‚•3VXHIaG÷û¼-6jE¸¹3QFÇXïBò37‚þWEFBžCÿa/þFdkCf
gVFH•BõòWCA‚•3VFQ5¬*-kXŒ)¦a’;RcU`¬*-k/¶Io—aYaûI¬õ6FýX7•'€•0ÿ*¼-6ñLCYG
1 2a2€àHIIo_46E*—þC7_Û%£ŽVWl‚þ6è¶ƒ¤÷a
a;<*XE@A]QþWE-EH
HI3Iõ6•ê±²aŠXäå
a±²* 1 #)MûYG…·¤ñ3ö!VF±²„ÿ^7`VF[11]H…·¤ñC#õ6ƒ-R2*X
2\¯Rƒ-v•.a±²C…†3õ6‰VE•êM3-Ç,6HºÙ*¾qX!ŒVWÚ‚a±²
L'_ƒCÌìIXWE6ûX1 #)46E* 2 #)a®#)ƒ-R2¬X2\¯ñû–Lò3I¬
õ6Kï¾*aCAC!”VF±²C]EFEÿNOWE6H
o&p&q&r&[1] T. Kinoshita, T. Wenger, D. S. Weiss, Science 305, 1125 (2004).
[2] T. Kinoshita, T. Wenger, D. S. Weiss, Phys. Rev. Lett. 95, 190406 (2005).
[3] L. Tonks, Phys Rev. 50, 955 (1936).
[4] M. Girardeau, J. Math. Phys. 1, 516 (1960).
[5] E. H. Lieb and W. Liniger, Phys Rev. 130, 1605 (1963).
[6] M. Olshanii, Phys. Rev. Lett. 81, 938 (1998).
[7] For Review of Optical Lattices, I. Bloch, Nature Physics, Vol. 1, 23 (2005).
[8] T. Kinoshita, T. Wenger, D. S. Weiss, Phys. Rev. A. 71, 011602(R) (2005).
[9] M. Olshanii, V. Dunjko, Phys. Rev. Lett. 91, 090401 (2003).
[10]

W. Ketterle and N. J. Druten, Phys. Rev. A. 54, 656 (1996).

[11] T. Kinoshita, T. Wenger, D. S. Weiss, Nature 440, 900 (2006).
&&

34

stuv&…>" †‡" _Toshiya Kinoshitaa
ìío°o°î" 1‘ÑµS°±²¯" HIµS°ãù" KLHIB¤=" ÿä†1996 &" ìío°o°î" ï°±²¯" Kï°$dãù" íêãÜéì_ï°íêa
1996 &" ÐÛ•«€¶°@" v.Š_ÑŠe‚³'±²à" •.²‰±²å
1998 &" ²J•" ™‚‰.ƒŠ0‰ƒ-Ã°±²à" •.²‰±²å
2001 &" ïìo°2°b" ‚Ó•g3êà" äÖßÆå
2001 &" e0^'±G‹üÌo°" Kï°¯" •.²‰±²å
2007 &" ìío°o°î" 1‘ÑµS°±²¯" ÿä†_¾ða
¯°-.×á“r_JSTa÷öû5±²å_ƒâa

35

"
"
"

ˆ‰Š.‹_3456ˆŒAg•Ža••‘’;
Real-Space Observation of Hydrogen-Bond Exchange in Water Clusters“”" „X"—" ˜™Xš=" ›ìío°o°îï°±²¯n°ãù
T. Kumagai, M. Kaizu, H. Okuyama
Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University
Structure and dynamics of individual water clusters adsorbed on Cu(110) were studied by using a scanningtunneling microscope (STM) at 6 K. The dimer consists of hydrogen-bond donor and acceptor molecules, anddynamically rearranges the hydrogen bond, resulting in the interchange of their roles. The large isotope effect(~60) was observed in the interchange rate between (H2O)2 and (D2O)2, suggesting that the process involves
quantum tunneling. The interchange motion was enhanced upon the excitation of a specific vibration mode that
correlates with the reaction coordinate.
CŒ&wxly&ˆ¤-*ˆŒAg3Æ^WóE3A’Lö&‚`·_‰CHhõ6H12aˆ¬*ˆŒAga•hÑ5WC…Ç†V-û‚X—a&‚`·_‰*˜‘ÿÿY3\„ŽQ^W4ÇXˆŒAga°J\€‰.*ˆ>1§an°ð•R•2ð•-+34EW†Ã-õöC×^WE6HRHaˆ¤-°J™
_R`ŠJ™_-+a]o‰Š.‹_*ˆŒAgC‡ˆ@@-M¬X—a°J\€‰.CïCõ6F
ýaƒe`‹JƒÿVW¤Ã°ò…¥RïB¦§3Æ^W|‡3ñò‚þWöF[1,2]HRHaˆ°J™_*ˆŒAga²\_4Æ’‹‰³ƒ‹_¤-•‚rh÷þW4ÇXˆŒAga\„ŽO3Æ6«
û-üýû8 Gpqõ6H—þ‚a‘3*ƒ-Bò-†-Çû•FW4ÇX×¶ëNO.e‰`'a%&'(_,-3¤.©C¬O6H2 h46\„ŽO¡Üa,ìX²\_ÿ‹‰³ƒ‹_¤-û—þªþaõöCžþˆO6¡Ü_²\_ë‹‰³ƒ‹_•Ža3GEW*X¤.U•‚U•õ6•Ž|[3]H
M* 109 s-1 ÿE·Y‚þWE6H÷‚3É<a×¶ª_²ÿ•Žè¶aAgYE¿÷þWE6d¬XÒÓÂÐ3456ˆ¤-a×ØE*;eJ²n°XJ"ð•XtÙd§?-+ÿI¼VX°.ò3Y†Ã-˜_™¬46H
Ž•4•§aÒÓÂÐ3456ˆ¤-a±²*l3
40 &8Iaç=û
4ÇX/þ‚a±²hb*o»a8•'_3@ÿý‚þWE6[4,5]HˆëÒÓÂÐM¬*ˆŒAg3
Æ6ˆ¤-‘a‘’HóôDûˆ¤-•!:ÒÓ‘aHóôDaoö÷3›EFýXoÙaHUòG÷3Æ^W¯€-õörsûHh÷þ6H¡Ña¤ÃÑNù¥CDEF±²¬*X
100 K ÜM¬ˆ¤-ûÒÓÂÐ3Hhõ61 ¤-8J‰_rs3ŠBûØW‚þX—aŽrsRhzÕu3Iõ6±²ûžÁ3]QþWöFHd¬X”“aHh¡ÜCïCõ6I¬X@[ÒÓÂÐ3‹ÌVFˆ¤-R]o‰Š.‹_arsR°J\€‰.C76/ÿ*†Ã¬46H
ÂÐ3456]o‰Š.‹_arsX
áíX—VWˆŒAga\„ŽOC‡ˆˆ¤-a°J\€‰.CïCõ6/ÿ*XWY-ù2ÂÐaKŒþOaxvG•ÝC÷-8¡'¬ïCõ6Fýa$d)¬46ÿNO‚þ6H
äå*$›XCu(110) ÂÐ3õöVFˆ°J™_34EWX²\_ë‹‰³ƒ‹_•Žè¶CÊË36

`0&'¢ñÌ :STM>"3Æ^WQœ’;VX/a•Ž¡Ü3ˆŒ÷-a`0&'óbû‡@þ6/ÿCÁ|VF[6]H;<*õòW 6 K ¬]^WE6H–)¬*°J™_3ÞOW`ŠJ™_arsÿˆŒ
Aga\„ŽOè¶3GEWÃÄõ6H
HŒ&æç&•ê* STM:Ž•4•§X6 K>CDEW]EX•Ž3*JC±•VF W ©CDEFHCu(110)@A
H2O 4Æ’ D2O
B!:* Ar+.Ð‚‹ÿJ-[•3Æ6‹GÀ'C…Ç†õ/ÿ¬‘’nC]^FH
C!:cM 12-30 K ¬7^_'²a39žVFHõöcMCJÛõ6/ÿ3ÆÇXª]™_X°J™
_X`ŠJ™_-+CôÇ¤56/ÿû¬ö6Hõ-Qì
~20 K 8I¬*ˆ¤-ûR¤7áíõ6A
bX`ŠJ™_-+a‰Š.‹_û¯kÂÐ3•hõ6H@F
STM C‡ˆI•0±_a3*•êŠYˆ¤-ûf„õ6FýXÔ-2C5ÇˆOW•êC],w3*I•0±_H2a¡_Î0LC]^
FHˆ¤-‰Š.‹_ars$•nÿõö%&'(_a¦§X4Æ’
STM ^€'8_^90*DFT 3!µk$d÷ï¤-¶’°ƒeLŠÝSTATE CDEW]^F[7]H•ŽHI%&'(_4Æ’•˜0^Ï'3* PerdewXBurkeXErnzerhof 3Æ6d¤nžMýü›‹[8]C•DVFH÷-P•˜0^Ï'*Ü'`Š~7`*•˜0^Ï'[9]CDEWÂ¾VFH/¶IoÿßGJSžM*\Ð/!"¬š¹
VXv‚`•7%&'(_*—þªþ25 4Æ’ 225Ry ÿVFHCu(110)ÂÐaªŒÛ0L*5 ø.Š
ŠCDEW]EX°J™__`ŠJ™_aars¦§3*(2x3)_(2x4)aÂÐ“G‚`³'C½DVX
ŠÛ'‹0¹·¤3*16(64)k BCDEFH°J™_3Uõ6STM ^€'8_^90*(3x4)“G‚`³'X64k BCDEXTersoff ÿ Hamann[10]a¬¥3ÆÇ]^FH
UŒ&è»Oé#ê$&" !:cM 20 K 8>¬ˆ¤-3”¿õ6ÿXÂÐI3*ˆ@¤-û¿3’;÷þ6_; 1a a
Hª]™_*qk
A6ErsÿVW’Í÷þXDFT ¦§3Æ6ÿ!:Cu÷-aÅ¡4I3X¤-ÐCV3VWõöVWE6_;
1b,c aH; 1a ayž;*dAn•Œ_–EaÿúòW;<VFÓ¬46HdAn•Œ* Cu ÷-a4I3õöõ
6/ÿûl37‚þW4ÇX
HU-ý•‚ˆ¤-*f•
3 Cu ÷-aI346/ÿûQ•6H@F; 1a sIaˆ¤-*—§¬5þWE6Æ,3EO6ûX
/þ*;<§•

3ˆ¤-ûÂÐ3˜^W_[110] ¬O3aTa Cu ÷-a
I3µ¶VF_Cu ÷-‘{|a0 a/ÿ3Æ6H<ƒò-Cø3ÆÇX
ˆ¤-aµ¶|M*6 K 34EW. 7 à
3 1 N¬46/ÿûQ•^F[11]H
bŒ&è»Oëìê$&°J™_*ª]™_ÔêCæ;ò3[\÷B6/ÿ
3Æ^W@@3•hõ6/ÿû¬ö6H; 2 *ˆ°J™
_a•hC{OF STM a¼ZÓ¬X; 2a aqE™B*; 1 (a) ˆª]™_a STM ÓHyž;* CO¤-_–ErsaÿaSõöÓHx‚^'* Cu !:CˆõH(b), (c) DFT ¦§3Æ6ª]™_aõörsH

37õòWª]™_¬46H±J‹.JEVs > 43 mV 34EWª]™_a÷-A3˜^Fµ¶û STM 3
ÆÇ+¦÷þ6a¬[11]X/þ3ÆÇª]™_ÔêC[\÷BF_; 2ba
H•±J‹.JE¬¤-3`0&'J-CÊžõ6/ÿ3ÆÇXÉ<a¤-×¶û)¦÷þX¤-aa2ñUAg3ÆÇú0è¶û+¦÷þ6H/þ*¤-×¶)¦CmDVF STM 3Æ6¤-[ôadh¬46H; 2c 3E‚þ6Æ,3•hVF°J™_*]J•aÆ,-û‚üCˆõÓÿVW’;÷þFH
STM Ó*;§3ˆVF•¬O3Š.‹_ÊËVW•lVWE6a¬XÓû/aÆ,35þWEO6a*¤-û[110]¬O3WZ
ò3¶EWE6/ÿCˆVWE6HG@ÇX°J™_*÷-A¬O3˜^W
2 Ì#‘CcO‘-kè¶VWE6Æ,3EO6H°J™_a STM Ó*†ˆŒýŽVFˆ¬*}ò3£nõ6H; 3a *(H2O)2 ÿ(D2O)2 CÔ˜3{O
F STM Ó¬X(D2O)2 ¬*(H2O)2 ¬E‚þ6è¶a¯Mû£Vkšk-6FýXÔ›VFÌ#C’;õ
•/aœ¢*(H2O)2
6/ÿû…†3-6H°J™_*[110]¬O3NCYGœ¢arsÿVW’;÷þ6H
a 2 Ì#—þªþa•ž©34EWY’;÷þ6/ÿ•‚XoÙ*¶ò-ñLa„û¼-^WE6/
ÿûQ•6H; 3c *.ÎÏ0§3(D2O)2 aè¶C{OF STM Ó¬4ÇX°J™_* 2 ü-ashort-bridge ³J`CðO§²ÿVW(b)ÿ(d)a«û-Ì#‘C]öuVWE6H; 2" ª]™_•‚°J™_a12òôhH
(a) _3a;<*³0ƒ'±J‹.JE 24
mV ¬]EX(b) 54 mV ¬ª]™_aµ¶û+¦÷þ6H(c) HhVF°J™_* 2 Ì#
‘C]öuVWE6Æ,3EO6HÊË¸¹* 4x16 nm2H

; 3" (a) (H2O)2 ÿ(D2O)2 a STM ÓaÑë(5.5 x 5.5 nm2)H(b)-(d) (D2O)2 a STM Ó (2.4 × 2.0 nm2)Hx‚^'* Cu ÷-a,-CÂQõH°J™_*(b)ÿ(d)a«û- 2 Ì#‘C]öuõ6H; 4 * DFT 3Æ^Wl‚þF°J™_a¾<rs4Æ’STM ^€'8_^90¬46H°J™_*!:÷-A3˜^WˆŒAgCHhVW4ÇX²\_¤-_>aÿ‹‰³ƒ‹_¤-_Ia*•÷
û 0.067 nm ¼-^WE6H@Fõö%&'(_* 56 kJ/mol ¬46_RHa°J™_3UVWa
HÔÕarsû Ag a$žÐ¬l3E¿÷þWE6[12]H/ars3UVW¦§÷þFSTM Ó*o& 2 Ga
™B¬É?µ5‚þW4ÇX•ê¬l‚þFœ¢aÓC<ñò3~¾VWE6H•E-ý346‹‰³ƒ‹_¤-ûÆÇA6EHÏ^W•ê¬l‚þF
STM Ó3UVWXA6Eraon-top -ý3‹‰³ƒ‹_¤-XY,x¬a on-top -ý3²\_¤-ûõöVWE6ÿD<VFH÷‚3/aÿö°J™_aè¶*X²\_ÿ‹‰³ƒ‹_ûõöCžþˆO6è¶Xõ-Qì²\_ë‹‰³ƒ‹_•Ž
3U•VWE6/ÿûA‚•ÿ-^F_;5aH

38

; 4" (a),(b) DFT ¦§3ÆÇl‚þF°J™_aõörsH(c) /ars3Uõ6 STM ^€'8_^90HˆŒAga‹‰³ƒ‹_¤(sr)ûÆ
Ç•E-ý34ÇXÏ^WA6k’;÷þ6}; 5" ²\_ë‹‰³ƒ‹_•Žð•HˆŒAgC\„ˆO6/ÿ3Æ
ÇX—þªþa¤-û²\_ÿ‹‰³ƒ‹_ÿVWaõöC•Žõ6H•Žè¶axvG•ÝCñò6FýX
•Ž|M R a<ƒò-CøC]^FH
STM •ŽC°J™_I
3ù<VX7^_²±‚‰NŸC5WVFÌ#¬`0&'JI̧t a˜‘£nC;<VF(; 6a)HJ¸`ûfeÌ3£nõ6‘û•Žð•3U•VW4ÇXð•‘a˜‘t •‚Î¦ò3•Ž|MC§¿

VFH¡2ò3*ð•‘3Ãõ6˜‘Cj.`LŠÝÿVWX/þC”oIo{N = N0exp(-Rt)}¬7^‚˜^0Lõ6/ÿ¬•Ž|MR ClFH; 6b 3ˆõj.`LŠÝ¬*mNûUoÂˆ3-^W4
Ç•Ž|M*Q©aÙö•‚¬O‚þ6H$o¬4Æ— 10 •J¸`C£n÷BW(0.06~0.7 nA);<C]^FûX—þªþaJ¸`¬|M*Åÿ«+£nB[X(6.0 ± 0.6) × 101 s-1 ClFHõ-QìXVs = 24mV ano>¬*•Ž|M*J¸ƒ_Êž÷þ6J-ao4Æ’•Žë¤-‘a{|a3ÝpB[X’;÷þFè¶*°J™_ù#a_•Ž+¦¬*-EaYa¬46/ÿûQ•6Hd¬X(D2O)2 ¬*Vs = 24 mV 34EW—a|M*1.0 ± 0.1 s-1 ÿ]ý‚þX•Ž|M3456Ô-2Ñû~60 ÿ-^FH/aoö-Ô-2ób*•Ž¡Ü3ˆŒa`0&'óbû‡@þWE6/ÿCˆºVWE6H°J™
_a²\_ë‹‰³ƒ‹_•Ž*;6f 3ˆõÆ,-(†"&a•˜0^Ï'3456è¶¬46H—/¬ïB¦§3Æ^W•Žè¶atµÌ#C]ý—aC¢C§¿VFH¦§Ab•‚tµÌ#ÿVW
; 6f 3ˆõ C2v 3Óõ6rsûl‚þFH]ý‚þFC¢* 23 kJ/mol ¬4ÇX6 K ¬*7ò3£O6/ÿ*Åÿ«+¬ö-EH/a/ÿ*•Žð•3`0&'óbû‡@þ6/ÿC•¤VWE6Hÿ/~109 s-1 ¬4ÇX)NaSg(~60 s-1)ÿ 107 Ya%”¬XRHa (H2O)2 3UVW;<÷þF•Ž|M*EûE‚þ6H/þ*°J™_ûÒÓÂÐ3õöõ6Fý3•ŽaC¢û[Þõ6/ÿûïÛadG
ÿVWNO‚þ6_RHa•ŽC¢*2.48 kJ/mol [2]aH÷‚3ÂÐI¬*X•Ža¡Ü¬AŒ÷-ûóE3ÔF•÷@¬µ¶õ6ZÃû46FýXˆŒA5¬-kAŒ÷-aè¶ûÑëòoök—a¡Ü3‡@þ6H)Na•Žè¶C<ƒò3ïCõ6Fý3*XAŒaærY‡ýF¯#)a•˜0^
Ï'Cr•VX—aI¬aƒ-Bò-NÍûZÃ¬46[13]H
#3X•Ž|MaJEÝpñCˆõH; 6c * It = 0.5 nA ¬d<ÿVW;<VF•Ž|MC Vs 3UV40Wƒe‚`VFLŠ7¬ (H2O)2 ÿ(D2O)2 a|MC—þªþ¤4Æ’¥¬ˆVWE6H•Ž|M*
STM 3ÆÇ•Žð
mV L›•‚ Vs 3ÝpñCˆVX46¦`¬[Þõ6Hõ-Qì/aJE¹¬*•û+¦÷þWE6H¦`*(H2O)2 ÿ(D2O)2 ÿ¬—þªþ 45X41 mV ¬4ÇXÔ-2ób(~1.1)ûE

39

; 6" (a) •Žð•a•˜‘¦;Hð•a ‘X`0&'J¸ût¼Z3£nõ6H(b) ±J‹.
24 mV 34EW;<VF•Ž˜‘aj.`LŠÝHJ¸3Ý‚[•Ž|M_Ùöa*d<ÿ-6H
õ-Qì 24 mV >¬*•Žè¶*°J™_–uaè¶¬46H(c) •Ž|MaJEÝpñH46¦`8I¬|Ma[Þû’;÷þ6Hõ-Qì•Žè¶û STM 3ÆÇ+¦÷þ6H(d) ¦JEw
Š3456•Ž|MaJ¸ÝpñHŠÙ3GEW*+¦3Æ6è¶C§ûõ6FýXÚ6-è¶3Æ6|MC‘EW46}+¦÷þFè¶*J¸3UVW 1 #aÝpñCˆõH(e) DFT 3ÆÇl‚þF•ŽC+¦õ6×¶ª_²H(f) •Žað•ærH¾*×¶)¦CÄVF•Žð•Hð
•C¢* 23 kJ/molH‚þFH÷‚3;6d *(H2O)2 3Uõ6 Vs = 54 mV 3456J¸Ýpñ:¤>CˆVWE6H//¬*ÑëaFý3Vs = 24 mV 3456J¸ÝpñC¨¬ˆVWE6ûXœ3Y®òFÆ,3/ì‚*J¸
ƒ3ÝpB[d<¬46H¤-aè¶û`0&'J-3Æ^W+¦÷þ6SgX—a|M* R ? ItN ÿ-®÷þX#o N *è¶3ZÃÿ÷þ6J-oÿ-6H
Vs = 54 mV ¬* R ûJ¸ƒ3UVW 1 #aÝ
pñCˆõ/ÿ•‚X•Žð•a+¦*1 J-¡Ü¬0]VWE6/ÿûQ•6H@FX¦`aÔ2Ñ:~1.1>•‚ú0×¶ª_²a)¦CÄVWE6ÿsY÷þ6H—/¬ïB¦§3Æ^W°J™_
a×¶CøC]EXU•õ6×¶ª_²ÿVW; 6e 3ˆõ²\_ë!:‘a‘¬+‹‰³ƒ‹_aN
OC‡ˆ×¶CD<VF_¦§3Æ6×¶%&'(_*
36 meVa
H/aª_²*²\_ÿ‹‰³ƒ‹_a•÷aŒC\]÷B6×¶¬4ÇX•Žað•ær3QœHIVWE6HÏ^W
STM 3Æ6•Žè¶a+¦*X; 6f 3¾©¬ˆõ×¶+¦`0&Û0La“r¬,A¬ö6Hõ-Qì×¶)¦C¢Ûõ6/ÿ¬X•˜0^Ï'aUû¸k-Ç`0&'f:ûoU3[Þõ6H

iŒ&è»O%íìê$&ˆaª]™_R°J™_*6 K a Cu(110)ÂÐIC7^kÇµ¶õ6ûX`ŠJ™_¬*µ¶*’;÷þ-EH;7 *`ŠJ™_aSTM Óÿ DFT ¦§3Æ^Wl‚þF¾<rsCˆVWE6H`Š
J™_*2U#-*+Ha™BÿVW’;÷þX/þ3*
4 Ga«û-üOûpqõ6:; 7a-7d>HSTM Ó3†©F^E©*Cu(110)a,-BCˆVW4ÇX(a)a]q*¤-aõö-ýCˆVWE6H`ŠJ™_*¾<¬|GaüO¬Åÿ«+Ô›VWE6Hd¬X/þ‚
4 Ì#‘aOµûX±J‹.
JE ~200 mV 8IadÞ3ÆÇ+¦÷þ6H(b)a‹.‹Û.‰*X—aOµ34EWU#§²ÿ-640

; 7" `ŠJ™_a STM Ó:IX2.3 × 2.3 nm2>ÿ DFT 3ÆÇl‚þFõörs_>aH`ŠJ
™_* 4 Ga«û-üýC¤^W4ÇXˆŒAga\„ˆO3ÆÇóE3µ]õ6HSTM Ó*ÔFSà¬46H(a)a]B*ˆ¤-a-ýCÂQVW4ÇX(b)a‹.‹Û.‰*£Ža§²346 Cu ÷-CˆVWE6H6 K 34EWHóa£Ž*Åÿ«+’;÷þ-EûX±J‹.JEC[Þõ6/ÿ3ÆÇX°J™_ÿÔÕ3\„ˆOð•C+¦õ6/ÿû…†¬46H,-B¬46H—þªþaSTM Óa>T3*DFT ¦§3Æ^Wl‚þFU•õ6`ŠJ™_ars
CˆVWE6H`ŠJ™_* 3 Ga¤-û÷-A3˜^WEI3G-ûþWE6H
STM 3Æ^WˆŒ
Aga\„ˆOû+¦÷þX—aAb4 Gars‘Cµ]õ6/ÿûQ•^FH»aÂÐ3456`
ŠJ™_arsÿVWX
Ag(111)¬*X²\_¤- 1 G3UVW‹‰³ƒ‹_¤-C2 G#õ6(«•*+rs[12]X@F Pt(111)¬* 3 Ga¤-û—þªþˆŒAg¬µÌ3A©þFrs[14]ûïB¦§3Æ^WÁÂ÷þWE6H/aÆ,3Xˆ¤-û‰Š.‹_CHhVWEk3GþWX—ars*ÂÐ
a÷-hR”oÐ3ÝpVWEkH‡ý3®òFXˆ¤-a¯€-ÂÐ2 #)_@F*1 #)a&‚`·_‰Hhÿ—a°J\€‰.CïCõ6I¬X/aÆ,-]o‰Š.‹_a±²*!éò7EC¬O6ÿNO‚þ6H
žŒ&jkl&Cu(110)ÂÐ¬ˆ¤-a°J™_4Æ’`ŠJ™_arsÿ°J\€‰.C
STM ÿ DFT ¦§3ÆÇ
1 ¤-8¡'¬±²C]^FH‰Š.‹_aaˆŒAg\„ŽOð•CQœ’;VFHÉ3°J™_
34EW•Žð•C<ƒò3§ûVX—a|M3 ~60 •ÿE,oö-Ô-2óbCÁEVFH÷‚3
DFT ¦§¬ð•C¢CE·YÇX•Ž¡Ü3ˆŒ÷-a`0&'óbû‡@þWE6/ÿCÁ|VFH@FXÉ<a×¶)¦3Æ^W•Ž|Mû[Þõ6¾*CE¿VX×¶+¦`0&Û0La“rCÁÂVFH`ŠJ™_3GEW*4 Ga«û-rsC#õ6/ÿCSTM 3ÆÇfgVXDFT 3ÆÇEÌrsCÁ|VFH
ÂÐ3456ˆŒ÷-_ƒe`0aa`0&'óbûX
STM 3ÆÇKEO6OÆ,3-^WöFH
ˆŒ÷-*ÂÐIaÕå-n°ð•34EW§²òpq¬4ÇX`0&'óbû+aÆ,-õöCbFõa•áâãEH…0n3Æ6‰VE¾*aÁEûX)ŠoE3þÿ÷þ6H
&
&

41

mn&
DFT ¦§*oªo°«Õ¯°±²àa¬m5-®íê±²åX¯Z-°ÿä†aæ’C¢5Xïì
o°Kñ±²à._Ð_;0/'_‹³0‹_¬]E@VFH
opqr&[1]" T. R. Dyke, K. M. Mack, and J. S. Muenter, J. Chem. Phys. 66, 498 (1977).
[2]" R. S. Fellers, C. Leforestier, L. B. Braly, M. G. Brown, and R. J. Saykally, Science 284, 945 (1999).
[3]" N. Pugliano, J. D. Cruzan, J. G. Loeser, and R. J. Saykally, J. Chem. Phys. 98, 6600 (1993).
[4]" P. A. Thiel and T. E. Madey, Surf. Sci. Rep. 7, 211 (1987).
[5]" M. A. Henderson, Surf. Sci. Rep. 46, 1 (2002).
[6]" T. Kumagai, M. Kaizu, S. Hatta, H. Okuyama, T. Aruga, I. Hamada, and Y. Morikawa, Phys. Rev. Lett. 100,
166101 (2008).
[7]" Y. Morikawa, Phys. Rev. B 51, 14802 (1995).
[8]" J. P. Perdew, K. Burke, and M. Ernzerhof, Phys. Rev. Lett. 77, 3865 (1996).
[9]" D. Vanderbilt, Phys. Rev. B 41, 7892 (1990).
[10] J. Tersoff and D. R. Hamann, Phys. Rev. Lett. 50, 1998 (1983).
[11] T. Kumagai et al., e-J. Surf. Sci. Nanotech. 6, 296 (2008).
[12] A. Michaelides and K. Morgenstern, Nat. Mater. 6, 597 (2007).
[13] R. L. Redington, J. Chem. Phys. 113, 2319 (2000).
[14] S. Meng, E. G. Wang, and S. Gao, Phys. Rev. B 69, 195404 (2004).

stuv&
“”" „
2008" ìío°o°îï°±²¯n°ãùéêãÜéì
¾q" ÔíêãÜ 2 &X°.×á¶Éî±²å
"—" ˜™
ìío°o°îï°±²¯n°ãùéêãÜéì
Ô&_±a‹Ì-ôàž²
š=" ›1998" ìío°o°îï°±²¯n°ãùíêãÜéì
1998" ïn°±²àíê±²å
1999" ìío°o°îï°±²¯à…
2005" ìío°o°îï°±²¯àä†_2007 ÆÇÿä†a

42

受

章

rs tu œ•ažŸ ¡¢¡Medal with Purple Ribbon awarded to Professor Gunzi Saitoìío°®cKL¯°±²³0‹_ £¤ ¥¦" ú³³´:\h úø>& µ ' ú´ ‹Xrs"tu"œ•„ažŸ ¡ûÁ¶÷þ@VFH–°a•!ä†¬4‚þ6rsœ•3*Xú³³·:\h ø¸>& µ '•‚ ú &‘3QFÇX®cKL¯°±²³0‹_a³0‹_zC4¹ýEFAö@VFH//3-4-jCº»VX¼æCÂVX@FX³0‹_zÿVWaÛ
qâ§a„-‚[X½ö3QF^W–³0‹_CÛ•ø>÷^Fj„aÕæCˆVFEÿ>E@õH"" rsœ•*Xú"go°¬ï°íêa°-C•l÷þFŠXÉŒ4Æ’v\°¬íê±²åÿVW
Û±¾C·@þ@VFH!ŒŠ*X¤-¯°±²àà…Xïìo°Kñ±²ààä†C¢WX–°ï°±²¯n°ãùaä†ÿ-‚þ@VFH#“9J2ÑŽ892C§²ÿõ6“†KLn°CÛã¿ÿ÷þXKL¹À3_XahbCìXWu‚þ@VFH¹À÷þFKLX*¯Á3‰ÇXÂ³³ »CŽ
O6BuC£÷þXÃ‘DNoû µ³³ NCŽO6BuYWo¿ÄVW4‚þ@õH/þ‚aÕÅa§¬YXÆÇÈÉÊÉÉË YVk* ÇÉ ÿC#÷þ6ngKa#DñCóT3œÌ5WE¿÷þFßÅ*XéÌ
^W•E§ûClW4Ç@õHrsœ•ïÚÍY¯oaX@FX•EÎTcMC¤G ÇÉ Ž892C¹
À÷þWE@õûX¾qXHóT¬¹À÷þF/aMaŽ892* ·³ hiCŽOWE@õHrsœ•û¹À÷þF“†ñKL*XÏZ¾*XQñXÃKñXïB¯°3‰6j¶·aKñ¯°3456±²U*ÿ-^WE@õH"" rsœ•*KLn°a±²C¾0÷þFA5¬*-kXub¯°çaWoab€¬a¯°ÐR–°¬a úø óô ÑÒÇ ÷BÛ_°_«X°a9¬aÃðCÖýWu‚þ@VFHÛ¯Ó-Ô‹C¡ï÷þWE6§X³0‹_zÿVW–³0‹_a9añèC]EX@FX³0‹_CÛ”9>÷E@VF:Ia
Û34*XØ˜a–³0‹_T_Ýe_Ka³0‹_zÕÖab¤•‚O»V@VF>H³0‹_aa±²ž¶a×0*)ÆÇX³0‹_aèéCØK3õ6Fý3Ù³0‹_zCýöXä†¶CÚÌ÷
þ@VFHÈÉmDÙaÛÜ×0aFýÝïèéêå¶CÚý÷þX@FX9bÞÒ3Æ6ÈÉ£Ò•ßC…†ÿõ6JMCèO‚þ@VFH
Â3X
lm$üÚÛÜÝNÞüÝa%°±²¯„aà‘RXSÔmD•êbDaÐ·C‡ˆ–³0‹_±²áaÐ·f—3Ûð’>÷E@VFH"" rsœ•*X¾qY•Žo°¬&’ò3±²ž¶CZ5W4‚þ@õHÛ±²aâåaÛÁšCã
^W4Ç@õH"

43

追
"

悼

"

" " §¨©(œ•Cª«¬"ìío°o°îï°±²¯" l¨d-""""" äaå€¬46§¨©(œ•ûXæ&_ú³³¸&aøú'øç‹èŠø³˜¡üXéRêë§aÿ/”XìíaFý4îk-Ç3-Ç@VFHï&¸çð¬VFHîk-6wa¥É•‚XÇ÷’-®÷«_[^ÿ§¨±Xñò±¬-ÐCÖý‚þXú³³ç&ó'3<&3-^W•‚X¡0IÏ_Š}ÿ
äaÿ/”aï°±²¯n°äb323ô¬ôýW4‚þ@õaÿX§¨Ññò±C‘ößE¬
E62°±²¯—42°ãù_õÑÒÓMaä†a§¨Åö÷«_äaŠ÷H§¨œ•ÿÔøa¬RR/VE¬õûXùúIÔ*-Eÿa/ÿaÆÇ§¨œ•û+,Y-k-E‚VEÿa¼ûûžÇXøµ‹3*ñò:nœ•_ìo•!ä†aûïÕ-CE3]•þFÿa¼ûûž^WE
Fa¬üý*VWE@VFûXø·‹3ñòœ••‚:u-ï¼ûC•EFÿö*R*Ç^9‚‰¬46ÿÔ˜3Xÿ,ÿ,uWV@^FÿE,R¤ì¬VFH4_þûøú'ø·‹èŠ·˜ÆÇX
¼îuûøú'øÂ‹èwøø˜ÆÇXEÅÇT_'_ìíýIìüÿ–IÌ!I'ô"#çø¸a3WXVýR•3$Ç]Qþ@VFH%¿*ïzya§¨Ì_—,a÷«¬VFHì&,+øø&waR*Çøú'3šÕaÏ-'1ûîk-‚þ_ø´´Â&øú'ç‹ï(ÑaX—þ8uXœ•*õ^•Ç€^WV@QþWE@VFHšÕa•wXäFìûœ•a4)34*MVFÿö3*Xœ•ÿšÕ
a+5gE,-aÆ,-RÇÿÇCX.!3*FRFRV-û‚XÆkE/^WEFYa¬VFH

44œ•3ÿ^W*—þû•öWEkI¬ZÃ¬4ÇX•öijaÆ,-YaA^FaA-4ÿ²•‚NYõ6#$¬4Ç@õH"" ¼îu¬EFœ•*XÿWY¸³ðCŽOWE6ÿ*>O-EÅ+01-42¬VFQ^W4‚
þ@VFHœ•a42aT3*Ï-'1a434û´O‚þWEWXo£d*ò¬VFHG'_
3_‰q4aœ•a56aÇ•÷«ûX78Õa9m÷«ÿ:-÷«ÿd;3Ì5G5‚þXÌ÷«aïÇ<RXùúaÙÕ¬Xñòœ•ïæ=X>÷#é*œ•_ªo•!ä†a
X?=ƒuœ•_•2oä†a
Xj³x÷«_‹ÌÒÓaXUmÅu÷«_ûoä†aX§¨Åö÷«*Fýœ•a•@a¬åX!x/œ•_AŠo°•!ä†XäûAŠoà…˜£a€B¬õaX‰C™
kœ•_ìo•!ä†aX*)ÿDœ•_ªo•!ä†a*Fýìoï°bn°aIÔa¬åXÇ÷÷«Xo•ï÷«_ªoä†a*Fý2°bÒÓaIÔaÙÕ¬XŠIU-œ•RE”o°IÔÙa¬å-+¯kaÙÕ¬3E/‚þ-û‚XÏ-'1aÿG5Œ„ÿFÌFþ@VFH""" §¨©(œ•*Xo:øó&¸'ø³‹X57Gþ#¬4•@þ3-ÇXHUúø&´'ïúIŒo°ï°bCèÕ÷þ@VFHïúIŒo°à…Xìío°ï°bÙ…Xìío°ï°b´€XÔàä†Cçâ÷þXHUó¸&µ'Xìío°2°bä†3JâHHU·ó&ó'3<&&Ð÷þìío
°•!ä†ÿ-‚þ@VFH""" §¨œ•*‰a••-6–¯Ã-®œ•a$ŠaKaQ@-¬4ÇX—þCLÇ3VW4‚þ@VFHäû§¨œ•a±²bàÓao°î•A^FK¬VFûX•£KGQñ2aKï_Ia
X
_>a
_MNNa
O-+¬••-›+Ì"œ•ûïoKñ±aä†¬E‚^VOÇX§¨œ•aPö¬ìo2°b3ï´µ3u‚þF/ÿû4Ç@VFHï´µaQRX§¨œ•û›+œ•CïÃÄ÷þFé3X
K¡k3ÿ^W›+÷«*S^-3ØF6«AÆH¡k*4F÷«A_›+œ•a¬ûQ[•3&I¬õa
H
Oÿlæ—,3ÃÄ÷þWEFaC)¬YÆküOWE@õHG@ÇX›+œ•*ïoaï°bKï¬_TaUVÑœ•_ø´çÂ &•‚ ø´·ó &@¬ïo•zXUœ•3ì-«AU;07ô80.*)Y#•aa4@-÷«¬4ÇXUœ•*–¯Ã-®œ•a4@-÷«-a¬X›+œ•*–mœ•aW@-3ØFÇ@õH—þ3UVWX§¨œ•*–mœ•aQ@--a¬X—,E,/ÿ3-6ÿE,aû§¨œ•a^E¤-a¬VFH@FX§¨œ•*XYûïZ†¬X9Œaœ•ûE‚^VO6ÿ[åÿVW¸\-XY¬U•÷þWEFaC>E¿V@õH)¬/—åE1Ò¬Y_åE¬Å+¬V&,•aI…3XYC[^W´µC]^
FÇX9Œa±²Ùÿ]åÿXY¬‰Çg^WE6^CÆkE•56Æ,3-Ç@VFûXØ˜*ä†ÿEO+Y,@kX¶_û¬ö6¬*—þÅ+¯k*-•^FÆ,3>E@õH—«-§¬X§¨œ•*XYû2334læ¬XXY¬a¶_R´µû4I…-a*Yì”«X
K&J˜^Ša1aBuaXuA^W-4VìO,Æ`Oÿ4^VO^W4‚þF4^û)Y!3a•’@õHœ•û_VW>÷^F>E¿¬Xäû233bRµ5‚þFa*Xœ•û cÆd 3Pe÷þ‹xÛvf‚VCèý‚þFKX@Aœ•YšÕYX¶_34@ÇÚ"û-kX‹Ð_`3J_
û••^Wk6ÿ—a˜d;3¼þWE•þWEFX@AÅ«a-Ê¬4^FXÇ•÷«CJ_
3¿÷BWEFÿE,%/~_²¬õH—aŠXäYäå3-^W•‚X‹xÛvaJÛ]Jo°aPQRST¬233••-IÏ_'•ÑgÑ.Û‰‹_ä†a±²b3:qVFùXJ_¬aX¶_a(V÷Chÿ^,Å+>E7‚÷þ6/ÿ3-6Q5¬õûHHH§¨œ•û‹K4_
VVW>÷6i_R%/~_²X˜j&‹a4_-+*„-+þYo£4YV”kjRò¬X•
Gˆº3R«¬E@VFHÔ‹a4-a˜‘3*Ø˜àä†¬4^Fñòœ•a4bk3Å@^W;_j_C•ka¬õûX—/¬§¨œ•a4_3„-¬löž^WEF/ÿC>E¿V@õH45§¨œ•a4_3Xñòœ•RØ˜§¨±aà…C÷þWEF?=œ•X¨þm†œ•_T1a*õ©Rkð•÷þX¶_anûo_^ÿpöX˜3*“IqaÆ,3n’•,/ÿ3-6a¬õûXäaÆ,-°•*XFAFAdölöž6©•Ç¬XæEC]ý‚þ6ÿo£'^WV@^FYa¬õH
K/þû³e0ÿE,Ya•-H
H
H/,E,r·R—aYaû°0Cõ6ÿE,/ÿ-a•H
H
H
O-+ÿ>EXKÚ¤Y—a§3E6aA-4O-+ÿÔsãk>^FÇYVFa
¬õH/aÆ,3§¨œ•*äR±²baÙ3ÿ^W233jRò¬t’ò-œ•¬VFH""" ìoa¾õä†¬E‚^VO^FKa§¨œ•*X°••‚E6ÿ233uBû4ÇXBVE
œ•ÿE,d*¬VFHµ N•aK*@A/VEœ•ÿE,d*-a¬õûXo°îaéêãÜX
íêãÜÿ0ˆ3GþXA«A«ÿBVk-ÇX+«+«BV÷û[õÿE^Fñ-¬õHä*X¾qXûüo°o°îï°±²î¬ä†C÷þWE6UmÅu÷«ÿïúo°2°bàä†aK
3vVkYåkVWîk-^WV@^Fwþä]xa‘a°&¬VWXãÜíêC•‚BWEF
AEF$Ša°•3-Ç@õHÔ¥Xyz3§¨œ•aä†b¬äåíêãÜaî• ó 1a±²
H{û]Qþ6a¬õûX—þ@¬a ø ¥‘3hbû46ÜM¿WE6ÿæR|åÿä†b3O•,/ÿû¬ö6a¬õûXhbû6Yj•^FÇõ6ÿŽa}3æ6R¤3-^FaC)¬Yæ‹aÕ3üOW4Ç@õHV•VX)3VW>O©X—þ*§¨œ•a5a~A^Fa¬4ÇX—a4p¬)aäû46aAÿ>E@õHÚ¤ûØ˜a§¨œ•ÿÔÕaÌS3-^F)X*FVWÚ¤*§¨œ•aÆ,3ìO«ÿ°•÷«ÒCäöÑ”9VöW6/ÿû¬öWE6aA”,•ÿ•At¾3-^WV@E@õH—VW4«-3uBû4ÇÌ€-äöÙ¬4^Fœ•3*ÿWYÚ¤*ò©-EÿXØ6a/ÿ-û‚Rµö•:õ6èÉ¬4Ç@õH""" ìío°&ÐŠXœ•*Qì3‹‰-‚_±aƒ0CÖý6ÿÿY3X\h)& µ 'ÆÇE”
o°ï2°bä†3JâX\h Â & ó 'Ôo°C&ð÷þ@VFH\h øµ & øø '3*„*«…
‹†C†¬÷þ@VFH§¨œ•a±²aïÕÅ3IV@VW*Xä*–Ø3t‡a@-¬VWX
É32°b3u‚þ68wa±²3IVW*X•*4@Ç7Ç@B«HQœX±²”9C•EFñòœ•aïÕÅ*pFIXWE6GYÇ-a¬õûH
H
H—/¬X//¬*X§¨Åö÷«û§¨œ•aï(ÑQŠ3Xœ•aˆ„aFý36•þFX§¨œ•aïÕÅ3Iõ6u¡û4Ç@õa¬X—þCï‰”VXïÃÄ3£O÷BWEFAöFEÿ>E@õ_8>X]V&÷-7•0`ab¤*§¨Åö÷«au6¬õaH"" §¨©(œ•*X½&3QF^Wìo-‚’3E”oao°a34EW*°•aäöÿ±²Ùa”
934FÇX¯ka1—CöhVXo°aa±²ŠÚa‹•3ð’VFHo°934EW*X‹–ÒÓ°¶X‹–•DQR°¶aõåCGÿýXÒÓKï°XQñKï°a¤=aÁš3Œ•VFHŽE
kG•aŒé¶çaŒéêåCÖýXÉ3HU ·ú & µ '•ÒÓ‘ngKaQñŒé^0•KÜÝ•X
HU ·ó &•'•ÒÓ4Æ’gÒa2\¯H3Iõ6Œé^0•KÜÝ•X4Æ’\h µ & ¸ '3¹º÷þF•x.±Ü‹_óba2Õ„a•DŒé^0•KÜÝ•34EW*\‘êåzÿVW¶çC¿’VFHÂ3XÉŒX²J•X7Š0.«a“9Œao°Ñ±²“Ia”åä†«ÿVWSÔ±²X±²”9C]EXÂ3*"g•–—˜™š"›œšœ•—"›žŸ˜ ˜"¡aŒé¢Åƒ0CÖý6-+°.aŒé•¸3
Œ•VFH"" §¨©(œ•*/þ@¬ÒÓKï°XQñKï°3IVW¯kaÕÅCìXWE6ûX—a¿-Y46

a*#aÿ4Ç¬46H"
øH ,-VWÿQña±²"GQñÒÓ§añð->b\‘ÿQñaI¼CA‚•3VX
Q|3ÆÇ•F6¡£-÷-•¤az¥
3',OµaIàè¶3Æ6ñ&-Qn£nC‡ýWEEAVFH@FXÞ23Æ6Q¦<oa£nC;<õ6-+X,-VWÿQñaIÔCïð3±²VFH—aAbXØ˜01¬4^FQ¢aè¶
ÿ,-VWÿaIÔaCA3Œ•VFH"
úH J0±_gÒ4Æ’ÒÓ‘ngKaQR2·ób"J0±_gÒa®7lÀ:aKïò¦úCA‚•3õ6FýXË§Ê¨˜XË§Ê¨˜Êd©XË§Êgœ"«aªgÒ
3GEWX—aQRòÑ7òÑJRòñLXx.±Ü‹_óbX§ñ-Nù-+añ0òñLC\‘ò3±²VFH/a±²adGahbÿVWXJ0±_gÒaoö-QR2·ób*X2·lÀ3Æ
ÇQnÁ•3',J-Maè¶%&'(_a«û¬\÷þ6/ÿ3Æ^W•F6/ÿC‡ýWA‚•3VFH/a“rûzyitµÒÓÒÓ‘ngKR‹‰IG²ngK3Y•D÷þ6/ÿCˆVX-®¨`Ë§úX"¯Ñžú":¯äzyi>X°d©ú -+aÒÓ‘ngKûJ0±_¢a7lÀ¼3Cˆõ/ÿCEE
AVFH"
óH x.±Ü‹_óbÿPQRST¥3Æ6ÒÓgÒa±²"ÒÓÑgÒañ0òrsCA‚•3õ6FýHx.±Ü‹_óbC‡þaef34EWÒÓ°a±²
3•DVXÑ• §3ø¿VF Ë§ÊÑž gÒaABrsÑQñaCAX½™Qv—4¬46‹'G;gÒ
a./]_°'¤C¡ÜaCA-+aœÌò±²C]^FH÷‚3Xx.±Ü‹_óbûªgÒ”“aHaÔ<XQRòñLaCA3öQýW#ó¬46/ÿCˆV#%3aò6RHQ|2\¯gÒa±²3•DV¯kahbClWE6H@FXPQRST¥CóT3œÌ5ÒÓgÒRÒÓ‘ngKa±²3DEXtµÒÓÒÓ‘ngKQñ2afgQRª_x0`C<ƒò3]ý6-+¯kahbC
4XWE6H"µH RHQ|2\¯gÒa±²".Ð‚‹_¥3Æ6RHQ|2\¯gÒaQña±²C\‘ò3]EXø #ù>2H¸¹aáoX‹ª'7ô.Ha¿¾X2\¯ÒÓ‘ngKaHh-+áâ46¾*CEEAõÿÿY3—a¿¾anoCMÎò3ñòFH÷‚3—aàzÿVWX)@¬pqV-•^F Ë§Ê±² ù>2«a¯ka12g
ÒCôhV—arsÑ7ò¾<³ÑQñ-+a“ñLaCA3¹’VHÒÓÑgÒaAg“ra–L
3´6ÒÓ°a‰¤=C¹ÀVFH"" 8IaÆ,3§¨œ•*½&QFÇXÒÓÑgÒaQña!éò±²3ÏjVXÉ3XEQ76J
0±_01CA3IVWœÌò±²C]^FH@FÒÓ°ÿKï°aST¸¹a±²3’CÊüXÉ
3ñ0ò;<…eaÒÓ°„a•DXRHQ|2\¯gÒa±²3IVW”9òõöCbFVFH—
ahb*. óó³ ¢µ34Æƒ±²BuÿVW@ÿý‚þWE6Å•Xã¿6XŸ0²Š‚‰a$º3
Y’CÊE¬E6H/þ‚*XŒaa9¬•k§û÷þW4Ç/a¤=aÁš3ðkVFßÅ*X@/ÿ3¢£¬46H"" ä*X§¨œ•aïÕÅ3GEW/þ@¬EWöWXœ•a±²a8ÎCï°bÑo°îï°±²¯¬/ÇZ5WE63¡ü-EÿGkµk¶ÔkVW4Ç@õHäûXAŠo•‚ìoï°bn°äbÒH°±²baà…ÿVWz^WöF˜3X§¨œ•*XïÚÍû•GWàÓVWE

47

FKìoÑïÑn3l¨xûz^WkþFOÿo£·«¬>÷^F/ÿC)¬Yd*ò3üOW
E@õHï°bn°¬*•…±²b_ÒÓKñ°±²b¬X¾ÑÃKïn°¤¯aaàä†C÷þWEF§¨œ•*Xï°bn°äbaœ•¬ÿ*)Ô¸A^FQ5¬õ•‚Ø6•YVþ@B«ûX2°b3µ‚þFŠY-EïIÔC—^W4‚þ@VFH"®c±²baMèÙ_—aæâ¬*®cKL¯°±²_¹Éda³0‹_a)Cô^F¬ÿ^^W-E¬V&,a¬46¤Ãn°±²b_¾Ñ#“Kñn°¤¯aaºZ»(œ•_T1aRj“n°±²b_¾ÑÂÐn°¤¯aaå$¼œ•_ìo•!ä†a
XÒH°±²ba…7Ð#œ•_T1a*§¨œ•aù½¬X§¨±3Yï´µ3u‚þF/ÿY4Ç@õH"®c±²b_¾Ñ®cKL¯°±²_¹Éda³0‹_aÿYØ6a/ÿ-û‚+p•‚[¬4^FQ5¬Xj•XØ˜•‚§¨±*2°b¬*§²ò-ÚÛÜÝ“_D_¬VFH§¨±a8ÎCXä*ï°±²¯n°äbaÒH°±b34
EWX§¨Åö÷«*2°±²¯—42°ãù_õÒÓMa34EWX/þ•‚Y/^WE•EÿE5-EQ5¬õûX—a/ÿa†÷CÍ3V„WÔF-û‚X§¨©(œ•aï¾AC²
ÆÇ4¿ÇÝVIX@õH"
"

48

特

集

$ÀN®cKL¯°±²³0‹_´µ¶Ñ±²•¸¶¹º»¼
Report on LTM Center Workshop 7½m¾¿
ìío°®cKL¯°±²³0‹_
Anju Sawada
Research Center for Low Temperature and Materials Sciences, Kyoto University
Annual meeting of the researchers and students who were affiliated with LTM center was held on March 13,
2009 at Kyoto University Clock Tower Centennial Hall.
Ø³0‹_¹Ú-4^0•KÜÝÿVW\h14 &3
è@^F®cKL¯°±²³0‹_´µ¶Ñ±²•¸¶*XNC†©X)N¬$ÀNÿ-Ç@VFH)N*X–°Æó&˜¦T-4ÁŒé•¸T_'3ÂEWX\h 21& 3 ' 13 ‹_Òa3¹ºEFV@VFH–¶*X®cK
L¯°±²³0‹_IÔÙûdÔ3¶VWXPÿ´µC
ÃöX‹Ka±²hbC•.‹_ÁÂaH¬‰”VX)
Ša±²¦ÄR‰F-SÔ±²3GEWçBCVX±²•¸aÅCjXX
ãý6SÿVWÔ&¹ºVW4Ç@õH@F–&MYæ&M3‘öZöX±²•¸¶31Úõ6¶S¬Æù¶CÔ˜3]E-û‚X
IÔÙ 68 •aù•C
ãýGG±²{73nCp•B6/ÿû¬ö@VFH)&Ma´µ¶a˜_™*KKL¹Á$w©Oÿ1VWX#“KLXtµÒÓAnKXAnKŽ892a¹Á±²
a$d©¬žÇ÷þWE6±²Ùa¬å3X$œ1a_1C¤•ÇRõk4_VVWEFAö@VFH´µ¶3œA^WwZ³0‹_zÆÇÕÖ
û4ÇXØ³0‹_až¶3GEW_÷þXÉ
3#&M\h 21 &MÆÇè@6ÈÉüZ^.
˜Ý3GEWaÃÄû4Ç@VFHPÿ´µC4ãEV@VFØ³0‹_a£¤¥¦Ó3*X`‚ƒ±‚‹_ÿVW#“89KLa¹Áa_CVWEFAö@VFHœ[1940 &£•‚è@Ç#“Ž892aÁE3i
6¤-ñ92a±²Ášû,A÷þFaìX*d # ) ò -J-Ì#C¤G#“KL49

(EDO-TTF)2PF6 34EW 3 hiaÒÓ•c+2Oµa“rûÔ˜3SÔVW‘ö¦/÷þ6/ÿX
PF6 Þ2ûŽ•¯Ñ•ó:-Ã+¦HOµCˆõ/ÿ-+XáâãEû¾*ûÃÄ÷þ@VFH(P!3ÈÉVFï°±²¯n°ãùap=q
Ó*X
500±8>a®cn°ð•3Æ^W‰VEK
ñR“†CYGtµÒÓAnKCô6…¥C,A
VX®cÊ)ð•3Æ^Wl‚þFSrFeO2 aáâãEKñX®cJ•0•Žð•3Æ^Wl‚þF(CuBr)Sr2Nb3O10 û(#):¬,-Qñ2ÿEõ/ÿû¬ö6/ÿ-+_÷þ@VFH)Š/a…¥3Æ^W+aÕ-®c;<ûZÃ-‰VE3
4û¹Á÷þ6•áâû¤Fþ@õH$Š3ÈÉVFï°±²¯Kï°ÑÒËKï°ãùaw=Ì™Ó*Xe‹Û0LVFJ-a./0û\]3-^WE6./0Ñ`Ûƒ8‚`Ž8
92a,AC]EX./0Ñ^0L8‚`aŽ8
92¬46fÿ Sr2RuO4 aœgCØ³0‹_a‰Û_0'_Ý¬-ôVW•êC]^FAbÆÇX
Sr2RuO4 û./0Ñ`Ûƒ8‚`Ž892ÿf<¬ö6/ÿûÃÄ÷þ@VFH‰Û_0'_Ýa†ÃñCˆõ±²ÖÿVWYÊ!õòö_V¬4
Ç@VFH
3 •a´µaëìŠX
•.‹_ÁÂ40 oa±²•¸¶C]E@VFHÒ•.‹_aw¬a³0‹_3IQ6Õå-¤=a±²ÙažÇ•F^F¶*X±²bÿÔF¤=a±²Ù‘3XF‚þûì-±²•¸aUCjXX<ÞVFo°î•„aäöóbÿE,Ð¬Yoö-æ7û4^FÿNOW
4Ç@õH@F¶a—§ÆÇTbÿa‘aÐ_˜^^90CÍÑVXDæ÷þWEFÎÏKCÐV„-û‚÷‚3•¸Cãý6/ÿû¬ö@VFH/a¶û)Ša‰F-°é±²„ÿG-ûÇX®cK
L¯°±²aÂ-6Áš3-6/ÿCþÿVW4Ç@õH-4•.‹_4Æ’3ÃÅ3IVW*ÑÒÇ[ÓX¶SÚéÑÆù¶3IVW*Æå…ÓÓ3Ôj
C¤×VWEFAö@VFH

50

îïe¹·y¾ðÕ»Oñò‚&£¤ ¥¦ìío° ®cKL¯°±²³0‹_
E-mailäyamochi@kuchem.kyoto-u.ac.jp" –ÁÂ¬*X¤-ñ92aç=Cïk@@3×Ç†^FŠX—aÒÓÌ#3¯†t¾<ñC¤G(EDO-TTF)2PF6 ÿI¼KL3GEWÃÄõ6H" 1940 &£•‚#“¤-C9J¢Ÿÿõ6KLClÆ,ÿõ63„ûh÷þWEFH1954&XäŒ¬#“ã92ÿ¨©þ6•9JñKLû¹À÷þFjCÕ“ÿVWX‹ ÖÉõ~¼¬a±²*dR3Þ¯÷þFH/þ‚¤-ñ92ÿY¨©þ6KL*Xd¤3 *jEæâ¬aJSµ¶Þ23ÓVWE6H1973 &3*ÒÓò-ì¶Cˆõ¤-ñABûX1980&3*#“Ž892ûl‚þFH/þ‚a±²34EW*X9Jñh¤¤-aH ÌRoö÷CJÛõ6j3ÆÇX¤-ñ92aJ-Ì#a#)ñC[Þ÷BXÒÓ -c+2(MI)OµCIJõ6jû3„‚þWuFHÔ˜3XMI Oµa“rû(®÷þXd¤3*XFÿGa MI Oµ*FÿGa“r3Æ^W,A÷þWuFH
" ÁÂÙ‚*X* 1 #)ò-J-Ì#C¤G(EDO-TTF)2PF6 ûXbcQ>a 280 K ¬éÌ^F¤-£H(×´)C', MI OµC¦/õjCE¿VF(syØ<=)H/a MI Oµ*XÏuaYaÿ
*¼-ÇXAB§¬a¤-aHÌÚÛMûHOµ˜3ÁÐ÷þ
FÖ¬46ÿNO‚þ6H@FX/aOµ*X3 ha“rûSÔVW‘ö¦/÷þWE6ÿC{÷þWE6H^EŽOþ©X–KLaÒÓòJ-Ì#*¯†t¾<ñC¤^WE6HEDO-TTF Cb¤†ˆŒnõ6ÿXO
µcM*. 3 K IàVFH@FXÔHrsC¤GXÆÇ³J•aoö-pJ•0(AsF6,
SbF6)ÿaÞ2*XPF6 Þ2ÆÇY®EOµcMÿoö-cMj.˜Û^.CˆVFH" PF6 Þ2a®cH38_D_Ð'.ÃC=0õ6ÿXÐ'.a˜‘U(. 0.12 ps)aa3Ã
ð0:ûQ£VX—aŠX;j_80`/_‰ÿ¨©þ6ð0:aóþò£nC 'E-û‚,¾<Ì#3ZUõ6H/a˜XÃ- 1 93UVWX50 - 500 ¤-û•9VW4ÇX–Þ2*Ž•¯Ñ•ó:-Ã+¦HOµKL¬46H/a’B•‚Y–KL*áâC¤FþX(®û]QþWE6HÃ=0QŠ(. 0.1 ps)aJ-Ì#3GEW*X®•cHX6þÿY¼-ÇX•GX˜‘ò3,-ûû‚E¬E6JSlmÌ#¬46ÿ¾<÷þWE6H" ¤-arsaÚÛMCž•VFKL¹ÀÿVWXEDO-TTF 3xI'!C9žVF
MeEDO-TTF C(®VFH/a¤-aSgXÞ2§3Hh÷þ6vŠÝa¬a¤-aüO
Õu3ÝpVWX* 1 #)òXÙE*X2 #)ò-J-Ì#C•6jû~^FH" ªA(EDO-TTF)2PF6 ÿI-aÔHÞ2893Xi‹ngK•‚*¯†t¾<ñC¤GK
L*l‚þW4‚[XÁÂÙ‚*X)ŠYÑëò&÷-9Jñh¤¤-CDEW(EDOTTF)2PF6 ÿÔÕ-ñLCˆõ¤-ñ92C•ÚVÆ,ÿVWE6H" -4X–ÁÂ¬ÃÄõ6±²hb*X°a9aSÔ±²Ùa¹’aÛK¬4Ç@õH@
FXI-ap3U•õ6Xï2o Ü÷ ä†ÿS£a•,ûXScience and Technology ofAdvanced Materials ¡ (http://e-materials.net/stam/)3º»÷þ6s<¬õH51ÈÃ%½óy:Õô½SõöE÷ø&p=" qìío° ï°±²¯ n°ãù
E-mailäkage@kuchem.kyoto-u.ac.jptµÒÓAnK*XI‹0AnK3456G+JñXÝAnK3456•cŽ89X™0~0AnK3456ÞoQRJK3£Â÷þ6Æ,3“†aß àÿVW7‚þW4ÇX/þ@¬Õå-¤=3QF^W!é°.±²X•D±²a!áÿ VWaf
ùF6$-C•EWE6HV•VX}`Ý‹‚ƒ¢aghCõ6#“n°RÞ2 n°ÿÑ
ëõ6ÿX@3•cá3Eþ6A5atµÒÓAnKagh*Ú¦ñ3V56ÿ EO6H–´µ¬*X˜0ƒ8_`_wÌ2aCc^Fbce500±¬a®cð•_~7`n°a
3Æ^WX‰VEKñR“†CYGtµÒÓAnKCÚ¦õ63„CEkG•ÃÄõ6H
K®cÊ)ð•OeeŠ.vJ`rs SrFeO3 ÿˆŒnv'^ÜÝ_Ê)ÉaC=gVX
300±¬ð•÷BFÿ/”X1/3 aAŒû|âVF(#)KL SrFeO2 Cl6/ÿ3hßVF[1, 2]Hd¤3ªaAnK34EWXª* FeO6 ãÐ2XFeO5 /Š€‚²XFeO4 iÐ2aÆ
,3Ì2ò-ü-rsCÿ6/ÿû7‚þWE6ûX‰VkO‚þFKL¬* FeO4 \Ð
iü-Cÿ6H#E¬XÔFÊ)¥CøÌeeŠ.vJ`rs Sr3Fe2O7 3•DVFÿ/”R*Çªû\Ðiü-Cÿ6d#)KL Sr3Fe2O5 agh3YhßVF [3]H/a‰VEªAnK*XrsaÉ¼ñA5¬-kXQñXAŒJ•089XJ9ñ-+¬áâ ãEñLCYG/ÿûQ•^WöFH
K®cJ•0•Žð•O2Qñ2¬46øÌeeŠ.vJ`AnK RbSr2Nb3O10 C(änÝÿ=gVX350±¬ð•÷BFÿ/”XRb û CuBr ¬•Ž÷þF (CuBr)Sr2Nb3O10 Cl6/ÿ3hßVFH(CuBr)Sr2Nb3O10 *(#):¬,-Qñ2ÿ„-õ/ÿû¬ö6HQn´©C;^Fÿ/”X2ÚA- 1/3 ƒŠ`_C’;õ6/ÿ3hßVF<Nu•"[1] Y. Tsujimoto et al., Nature 450, 1062 (2008)H[2] C. Tassel et al., J. Am. Chem. Soc. 130, 3764 (2008).
[3] H. Kageyama et al., Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 47, 5740 (2008).
[4] Y. Tsujimoto et al., Phys. Rev. B 78, 214410 (2008).

52

[4]H

Áù.ú%û¨üý%Eþde&w= Ì™ a, §¨åæ a, §ZçÑ a, ÑÒÇ[ baìío° ï°±²¯ Kï°ÒËKï°ãù Kï°$d¤=bìío° ®cKL¯°±²³0‹_

E-mailämaeno@scphys.kyoto-u.ac.jp" /þ@¬7‚þWE6Ž892aÅÿ«+HW*./0Ñ^0L8‚`_d†%aŽ8
92¬4ÇXJ-aYG†Ã-ñL¬46./0*XŽ89Ì#¬*J-UHh 3Æ^W
z{VWV@^WE6H/aB¬*ÝAnKa•cŽ892R$›ÁE÷þFª G‰‹J
²a•cŽ892YÖ9¬*-EH/þ3UVWXJ-./0ûžña@@Ž8 9C3,./0·`Ûƒ8‚`_*†%aŽ892*X1984 &3Ž89ûÁE÷þF†EJ-M
UPt3 R 1994 &3äåûŽ89CÁEVF'˜GÜÝAnK Sr2RuO4 C*FýXEkG•aÅ¡f•-èßû46YaaXŽ¸¶ 3He aÚÛÜÝ÷-Ua8¡'¬./0·`Ûƒ8‚`aƒ-°¬Ì#ûGH3SA÷þFQ5¬*-E[1]H–´µ¬*@[X./0·`Ûƒ8‚`Ž89at’ÿ$›a±²¶O3GEW®ò6H
Šã¬*X®cKL¯°±²³0‹__LTM ³0‹_aa‰Û_0'_Ý¬ñðÞ2ôhVFŒ-3Æ6X$›a±²hbCÃÄõ6HSr2RuO4 CDEFŽ89›œœg34EWX./0·`Ûƒ8‚`Ì#3É#aUÐÛ˜^Ž89Ì#CD<L56•êAbûl‚þ
FH¡2ò3* Sr2RuO4-Ru SBABI3Ïu¢Ž892a Pb_Tc=7.2 KaCböVXÅî
J•0•_Ý_FIBañðÞ23Æ^WXPb/(Ru)Sr2RuO4(Ru)/Pb œgCôhVF_; 1aH
Ru apqûoŽ892aœg3ZÃÿ-6FýX€‰e0·.½_'a Ru a56ò-üýû†Ã¬46H—VWñ¤JKa±J‹.J¸ÝpñCñòFAbX; 2 aÆ,3
Sr2RuO4 aOµcM Tc =1.5 K 8>¬ÎTJ¸ Ic ûd7XQR3IJ÷þ6/ÿCfgVF[2]H/þ*›œób3Æ^W Sr2RuO4 3éžVF Pb aêÐÛ˜^a./0·^0L8‚`
Ž89ûXSr2RuO4 aŽ89ÿëìÑ¹gVFAb¬,A¬ö[3]XSr2RuO4 aŽ89/¶IoûUÐÛ˜^¬46/ÿaGES÷ÿ-6H[1] A. P. Mackenzie and Y. Maeno, Rev. Mod. Phys. 75, 657 (2003).
59, 4433 (1999).

[2] R. Jin et al., Phys. Rev. B.

[3] C. Honerkamp and M. Sigrist, Prog. Theor. Phys. 100, 53 (1998).

;1 ôhVFPb/Sr2RuO4/PbaSEM34}A6E¸¹ûIøaPb¬X–E¸¹û>øaSr2RuO4}ÄÓ§íbaŠJ0ûU0.5µmaœgIÏ0&'}"; 2 ÎTJ¸acMÝpñHSr2RuO4 a Tc 3
4EWÎTJ¸ûIJ÷þWE6Hay;*dV/dI a±J‹.J¸ I ÝpñH53

™C& ÿ!" #$%E÷ø&#¨ î\ a, ï£ 4› a, I= æ› b, Ï÷ A caìío° ï°±²¯ Kï°ÑÒËKï°ãù Kï°$d¤=bìío° %°±²¯ 1‘ðñ¯°Mãù

cìío° ®cKL¯°±²³0‹_

E-mailäarimura@scphys.kyoto-u.ac.jp•QSÑ®cÿE,"$µSCÌcõ6/ÿ¬X•CÓM MRI @MRI ¢ñÌ@ a¹
ÁC]EXÃ°¢ñÌ3òóõ6CÓM_1 µm d 1 µmaaÒhC!”VWE6H/a
MRI ¢ñÌCDEW®c3456ƒ-12Ñƒ-ù23pqõ6QR•‘rs3GEW±²C]^WE6H•QSÑ®c345612 3He 3*¤-S3Æ^W./0¸û`'‰C¢56ÿE, Leggett•Rice óbûGk¾þ6a¬XP./0aè¶û2©Hÿ-6H/aFýXP./0û;j_80`3è¶õ6./0/ÿE,¾*R¯†%;_(MSE)û•F
6H@FX•QS¬*Ñëò•c¬Yoö-ðQS3ÆÇ MSE û•F
6H/,VF2©H¾*ÿ MRI ¢ñÌaCÓMa¹g3GEW¾q±²C]^WE6H•c3456 MSE * NMR ¸¹34EWXÙd-ð
QS3Æ6 90ô-180ôÐ'.MACDE6/ÿ¬õ8/ÿû¬ö6H–
ÁÂ¬*X®cÑ•QS34562©Hóba MRI „a•‚Cç
Bõ6H@FXMRI ¢ñÌC•DVWXŽ¸¶ 3He aƒ-2,a…0nCNOWE6a¬X4QBWçBõ6H; 1" >200µm I'_Š
aa12 3 He aÄÓ(1K, 3.6µm/pixel)™H& ‰Í&`'(œÊÏÉ`Ì& ÿÏœÌ`ŠÏ&ÏÊ(& É)& \Ž& œÊÎ& aÿ!& É)& •ÏŠ*&[Í'`(Ï&U+Ï&ÍÊ&b+Ï&_Š*Ì(œ'&öm÷ š`ø"gšœ®–ù"ú•ûš©©`ø"•üý šøÒ–47 šøÆå…Ó š`"šìío°"ï°±²¯"Kï°ÑÒËKï°ãù"`

ìío°"®cKL¯°±²³0‹_" ®cKï°±²b"E-mail! sasaki@scphys.kyoto-u.ac.jp" The role of 3He in the "so-called supersolid" 4He
was investigated by the simultaneous measurementof torsional oscillator (TO) response and NMR
4Hewith almost plastic torsional oscillator.
3
crystal with less than one ppm of He was madeand TO properties showed "so-called supersolid"
response. Then, 4He crystal with a few 100ppm
of 3He was made and TO and NMR properties wasinvestigated.
TO properties showed no"supersolid response" as reported earlier with this concentration. However NMR properties wasinvestigated as a first trial. Below the phase separation temperature, droplet of 3He appeared as reported
by other NMR experiment with much more amount of 3He. Interesting thing is that there are two kindsof 3He droplet, which showed different T1, T2 and spin diffusion. One of them seems more stable thanthe other against temperature sweep even above the phase separation temperature. The less stable
droplet showed similar properties as previous observation by other group and thus could be considered as
droplet of 3He in homogeneous matrix of 4He crystal. The more stable droplet could be held byinhomogeneous (disordered) part of a crystal of 4He, which attract 3He impuity even above the phaseseparation temperature. If this disordered part is related to the “supersolid response”, very strong effectof 3He impurity on the "supersolid response" of 4He crystal can be understood.

54

™U& ,`ÏÌ(&)ÉŠ&‰`-ÏŠ)'`ÍÎ&‰(œ(ÏÌ&É)&U+Ï&ÍÊ&aœÊÉÌ.œ'Ï&‰(Š`.(`ŠÏ&öm" ÷ a, b, Æå…" Ó a, baìío° ®cKL¯°±²³0‹_bìío° ï°±²¯ Kï°ÒËKï°ãù Kï°$d¤=

E-mailärftoda@scphys.kyoto-u.ac.jp
3

He aŽ¸¶lm£o*Õå-U#ñ_HaC¤ì,6H±'‰2¬* A HX

B Ha„û•¾÷þ6ûX;j_80.z(@=10–100 nm)ÜMa.½_'¬¢Ðûpqõ6¸E•‘¬*X•‘rsûHD<3UVW†Ã-õöCbFõÆ,3-ÇX¼- 6U#ñC¤^FŽ¸¶Hû¾þ6…†ñû46HFÿO©@ao•ÜMaQcC¤GðEØþa
¬*XPolar Ì#ûÿ@þ6ÿNO‚þXABM-Polar =gÌ#RX{ Polar Ì#a¿¾ûïBò3s;÷þWE6[Y.H.Li and T.L.Ho, PRB 38, 2362 (1988), A.L.Fetter, S. Ullah, JLTP 70,
515]H¸E•‘CDEF•ê*X/þ@¬3Y%‹eK•'-+CDEW]QþWöFûX‰UŽ¸¶Ì#a¿¾CAf3VF•ê*¾q@¬-EH/þ*X•ê3DE6 •‘rs
aŠ0°ÝñXôh…†-™Öò•‘rsû&÷EFý;<ÔMû!ì6/ÿX "%Cß,Fý¯oC·øVFSg3¦/6±'‰2a=ž-+û÷ú¬Receiver46ÿNO‚þ6H—/¬äå*X™Öò-ñð•‘rs§a3

He CÔMÆk;<õ6Fý3X›&ÁšVWöF\]Þ2-.
Transmitter

CDEX;aÆ,3 NMR ;J'Cñð•‘rsaóÇ3d2n
VFYaCôhVX‰UŽ¸¶HC•Úõ6¦ÄCFWWE6H

Narrow channel•.‹_¬*‰UŽ¸¶Hûþÿ¬ö6•‘rs4Æ’—aôh¬¥X’;¬¥3GEWçBC],H™b&&Y\ÿW\\™ ¾:/ Y‰ÿW\\™ 0ìÆ.í12Å3E45Á67%Å&§= 7A a,b, £¤ ¥¦ b, Û# q( caìío° KL•ð"Îg^.˜Ý÷Bbìío° ®cKL¯°±²³0‹_c
5#o°o°î ï2°±²¯E-mailänakano@kuchem.kyoto-u.ac.jp;-(BTM-TTP)2SbF6 [1]X;-(BSM-TTP)2PF6 §¬*X²\_¤-* 1¤-a„ûAB°ò3ËÌ¬4ÇX; ¢ÿ¨©þ6$#)ò-¤-üACÿ^WE6H@
FXGAg›‹±0²¦§*$#)ò-7•'€ÐC¬O6Hõ-QìX/þ‚ aAb•‚*X/þ‚a%ûÒÓò-JR89ì¶CˆõYaÿs
Y÷þ6HV•V-û‚X/þ‚a%*bc•‚ã92ò
ì ¶ C ˆ V X ;-(BTM-TTP)2SbF6 a b c ¬ a Q n : *8.3×10?4 emu mol?1 ÿoö-`CˆVWE6HVFû^WX
J-HI3Æ6JSa€qnûˆº÷þ6H

H3CX

S

S

S

S

H3CX

S

S

S

S

X = S: BTM-TTP
X = Se: BSM-TTP/þ‚a%aã92òì¶a÷úCA‚•3õ6Fý3X×¶¤Ã¥3ÆÇ(®C]^
FHC=C ‘¬×¶ª_²C&'VFÿ/”X/þ‚a%¬*bc¬õ¬3JSatÙnû
¦/^W4ÇXcM®>3'^Wvå3JS¤|ûÁÒVWEk/ÿû¤•^FHØ‹*Xl‚þFAbaïð3GEWçBõ6H[1] M. Noda, M. Yasuda, Y. Nakano, A. Ito, et al., Chem. Lett., 37, 396 (2008).

55

™i&&8|9·&XÿÏ:Z[ŽW\\]^H™]ž&E²³kS±&¨m Wñ a,b, ( O) a,c, £¤ ¥¦ a,c, rs tu d,Ñm§ *d® eaìío° ®cKL¯°±²³0‹_, b ìío° KL-ð"Îg^.˜Ý÷

B, cERATO JST, d •Žo° •g±²à, e ìío° ï°±²¯ Kï°ãù
E-mailätmurata@kuchem.kyoto-u.ac.jp" (EDO-TTF)2PF6 *. 280 K¬¯†t¾<ñ3!µkÒÓ•c+2OµC¦/V [1]X÷‚3Ž•¯Ñ•ó:aÃ+¦ H O µCˆõ[2] H EDO-

O

S

S

O

S

S

O

S

S

O

S

S

(1-X)

Me

PF6

X 2

8|9· [(EDO-TTF) (1-X)(MeEDO-TTF) X]2PF6 ](=q>w (MexEDO-TTF)2 PF6kuBÔÕ)TTF axI'ýŽ 2a%X
(MeEDO-TTF)2PF6 * 303 K ¬oö-9Jña£nC',ã92•ã92OµC¦/õ [3]H/þ‚$Ga%a²\_¬46 EDO-TTF ÿ MeEDO-TTF C|ä|aÑ¬=gVF>1CPF6 J•0apq>XJCAn¥¬Þ2nõ6ÿXo¬a²\_CÅ¡«ƒ[G‡ˆ=B
Þ2 (MexEDO-TTF)2PF6 (x ~ 0.5) ûl‚þFH/a%* (EDO-TTF)2PF6 ÿÔHaABrs
C#V-û‚X—þÆÇY 40•70K ®EcM¬ÒÓ•c+2OµC¦/VFH[1] A. Ota et al., J. Mater. Chem., 12, 2600 (2002). [2] M. Chollet et al., Science, 307, 86 (2005).
[3] S.-F. Shao et al., J. Mater. Chem., 18, 2131 (2008).

™ž&&Ãí$ü.§;Æ.í12ÅEI<½k¸±&o+ ,› a XDmitry V. Konarev b XSalavat S. Khasanov c XRimma N.
Lyubovskaya bX£¤ ¥¦ aXrs tu d, eaìío° ®cKL¯°±²³0‹_Xb e^‹¯°‹vŒ€_ n°K

ï±²àXc e^‹¯°‹vŒ€_ ù2Kï±²àXd ìío° ï°±²¯ n°ãùXe ¾àÓ •Žo° •g±²à
E-mail: otsuka@kuchem.kyoto-u.ac.jp
C60XC70 -+a7Š_803*J-¢pñû4ÇXJ-Ê¬2ÿa‘3JSµ¶Þ2CHhõ6Hx‹e³0-+•5-G÷aJ-Ê¬2CôD÷BFÇXdJ-Ê)É3ÆÇ7Š_80‹G•0ŠKv'CÁ•÷BX©J•0pq>¬ABhz÷BFÇõ6/ÿ3ÆÇX7Š_80aª]‹G•0ŠKv'û•Çw@þFABCô-¬ö6H—þ‚a‹G•
0ŠKv'ûABa¬ÄküAVW9J¢ŸCHhõ6/ÿ
*ˆV”-¬XÿY3°Åõ6>?¤-R§ñ¤-C‡ˆU
h¤a³J•XHÌ-+3ÆÇX7Š_80ÔêûS#Ag
C•F6(ƒnRXÒÓ•'7^Û0a§²ÒÓ3ü-Agõ6ÖC¯oEEAVWöFH/þ‚./0C¤Gn°ha‘aAgûcM£n3ÆÇAB§¬•hÑ5Wõ6Sgû4ÇX ; ø" (ƒn-+aÖ
QRÉña£nÿVW’;õ6/ÿû¬ö6ÖCÃÄõ6H

56

™å& ?@Ü1šC <OA$ÅBCy¾ðÕÈû%.NO•EcD’&
AmH aXÑ½o¿ bX¯=:] bX?4"Ä bX.md¿ c, &Ä÷, dX‰Šôd eX½m¾¿ ea/à%¯o°Kï°äbXb ïúo°ï°±²¯Xc ïúA0o°c

ìío°ï°±²¯Xd ìío°®cKL¯°±²³0‹_

E-mailäfuku@hyo-med.ac.jp" $øMŠ0°Ü,-å#:1=1 ƒ-T_'Ì#*Xø‘-H3Þ0ò-;j_80.C¤GÿNO‚þ6"ýWáâãEM¬46Häå*X$ø
M1=1 ƒ-T_'Ì#3ÐaQSCÞO6/ÿ3
Æ^WXègH•‚2ègH„a*./0lmOµ3',¼¬òJR89C’;VF 1H/a/ÿ*XÐaQS3Æ^WXø‘-Hû£ñ÷þX*./0Ñ~Û`0ÿ¨©þ6.`ŠJƒÌa²xJ0rsû$GaH‘3pqõ6/ÿCˆõYa¬46H–±²¬*X~Û`0,-Ha7)¦Ì#CA‚•3õòkXïð-žñn%&'(_;<C]^F_;|aa¬X•¸¶3WçBVFEH; 1" ÷@Á@-•J-žM Ntot 3456$øM
Ar1 ƒ-T_'Ì#a~Û`0,-H›.345
6žñn%&'(_7aXÐaQS B//ÝpñH

1. A. Fukuda et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 100, 016801 (2008).

™E& ¹O•‚FEGÕ H @Ü1šC <OA$ÅBCy¾ðÕ&
H±½IJÅK$Egh&&Ä÷ -, a, Am H b, .md¿ c, IZU= a, ‰Šôd d, ½m¾¿ da

ìío° ï°±²¯ Kï°ÒËKï°ãù Kï°$d¤=b/à%¯o°, c ïúA0o°, d ìío° ®cKL¯°±²³0‹_

E-mailäyo-ogasawara@scphys.kyoto-u.ac.jp" 2 øM1=1 ƒ-T_'Ì#*Xø‘3Þ0ò-;j_8

T_'Ì#3HOµC¦/õH@FÐaQSa46ÿö

7

a=6.47a=5.83a=5.21
a=4.58C-IC

B//

M nT ûoök-6ÿƒ-T_'Ì#û 2 øËÌ-2ƒ-(T)

80.û•F6áâãEM¬46H/aM¬*•J-ž

n t = 1.4
n t=1.2
n t=1.0
n t=0.8

6*ø‘-HŒûÐaQS¬O3ègõ6ègHÿXIÔ

5-kd<3-62ègHÿaHOµC¦/õH/þ@¬

0.0*J-žMŒA=(nf-nb)/nT_nf,nb *ÒøaJ-žMaû#$¬a•ê*Åÿ«+÷þ-•^FûXA*‰_e0’ÿ
`0&'%&'(_7 SAS 3•‚õ6a¬o£†Ã¬46H

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

A

; 1" èg-2ègHOµB3456
ÐaQSaJ-žMŒAÝpñH

äå*7 SAS=11K a GaAs/AlGaAs (†ƒ-Šö3434EWÐaQSCdÞVXÕå- nT@
ÿAa`34EWQRJK Rxx acMÝpñC;<VXžñn%&'(_7C;<VFH;|*èg-2ègHOµB3456ÐaQSaAÝpñCÕå- nT ¬;<VFYa46H)
NaÁÂ¬*/a•êAbÿïBÿaÑë(®C]EFEH&
57

™L& MûNO®P¹Oy¾ðÕIý1êQJ%¨íRé
.STUVEW–XYÕj~&‰Šôd a, =§éÑ b, 1=•d® a, 2§Z-\ c, £=X¿ b, AmH d, ½m¾¿ aaìío° ®cKL¯°±²³0‹_, b ûüo° ï°±²î, c ìío° ï°±²¯,d/à%¯o° Kï°äb

E-mailätoshikaz@scphys.kyoto-u.ac.jp" %‚K™L&`ƒŠ•ª0(EMP)*XPQ3QSû••^F$#)J-Ma1C8Q6
JSažM/¬46HEMP *1aJ-Ì#3ôÔ3ð•õ6HäFì*ÚÛÜÝ1Ð$#)J-Ma1›.ažM¤÷CJS¬JÛV-û‚ EMP ST©UC;<VFHJS3Æ
12

6XF/ýûGEÌ#•‚vå3€kV
Linewidth [kHz]WEkÿ(; 1 q•‚s)X$‡*sY_Ç©UûXk-^WE^FHÿ/”ûX
F/ýû233€ESgXsY3ðVW
~’©Uûjû6AbClFH±²•¸;÷þF©UajûÇC‘ö¦/õïÛ
CNO6H"

8
6-6¶¬*X÷@Á@-J-žM¤÷¬;<
VFAbCE-û‚X€EXF/ý¬’

10

-4
-2
0
Guard Ring Voltage [V]2;"ø" %‚K™L&`ƒŠ•ª0ST©U
aXF/ýJEÝpñHB*;<Œ_‹X•©*ïBaªŒ'Cx<VF¦§AbH™C‹&&QíÃÄ.1#ûÀ.EZöÓ¥&2§Z -\ a, ‰Š ôd b, ÑÒ Ç[ b, Am H c, ½m ¾¿ baìío°o°î ï°±²¯ Kï°ÒËKï°ãù Kï°$d¤=bìío° ®cKL¯°±²³0‹_,c /à%¯o° Kï°äb

E-mailänishinakgawa@scphys.kyoto-u.ac.jp" LŠ7•0ÿ*•Œ÷-ûïa3,-C\«A$#)AB¬46HLŠ7•0IaJ*Lƒ4aŒ^Š‚‰Í-ÿVW×6Ø,/ÿ•‚_3a$#)J-M¬*¦/ Çl-E
É¼-ñLCˆõH÷‚3Uo nm aÛ}0ÌaLŠ7•0a34_LŠ7•0\]Û}0a*^_`ÌaYaÿJRòñLXQRòñLûoök¼-6ÿsY÷þWE6H
äå*LŠ7•0\]Û}0a34C X.Li ‚a¬¥[1]3ÆÇôhVFH;|*äåûôhVFLŠ7•0\]Û}0a÷-‘’¢ñÌ
_AFMaÓ¬46H1û•-Ç4^Q8¬4—‚k|øÿ>Qþ6Å+”E34û¬öFûX!
ò¬46Uo nm aLŠ7•0\]Û}0Côhõ6/ÿ*¬ö-•^FH•¸¶¬*34ôh¬¥aïðÿ)Ša±²¦Ä3GEWÁÂVFEH
[1]: X. Li et al., Science 319, 1229 (2008).

58; 1" LŠ7•0\]Û}0a AFM Ó™CC& ?@Ü<OA$ÅBCy¾ðÕêì7©[\]&—m5u a, &Ä÷-, a, AmH b, ‰Šôd c, ½m¾¿ caìío° ï°±²¯ Kï°ÒËKï°ãù Kï°$d¤=b/à%¯o° Kï°äbX c ìío° ®cKL¯°±²³0‹_

E-mailäshibun@scphys.kyoto-u.ac.jp" 2 øM1r|ƒ-T_'Ì#¬*Xø‘3;j_80`-Ì#û•¾VW4ÇXŽ893
456 DC K9³7~0ób3i‹VF¾*û¦ö6/ÿû»¼÷þWE6H@FX/aÌ#¬*$ø‘aJ-žMûû‚8/ÿ3ÆÇƒŠ•™×¶aÆ,-K9³7~ 0i‹óbû¦/6/ÿûþÿ÷þWE6Häå*/aK9³7~0ÑƒŠ•™×¶a( ¿C!ò3X343™J‰e/C9ž¬ö6z{|}“C-ôVXGaAs/AlAs a(†ƒ-Šöã9234CDEW•êC]^FHz{|}“§¬
3000

J‰e/aó/o34EWQS7‘C]EXQRJK Rxx ò’—a™J‰e/•97Rxx 3GE
WX°Š'e‚‰J0¥ 1 CDEWÔ˜;<C]^FH)N*—aAb3GEW»¼õ6H[1] E. Olshanetsky et al., Phys. Rev. B 67, 165325 (2003).

™CH& ^Ü—

Rxx
7Rxx

2000

15
10
5

1000

7Rxx(B)GHz •‚ 50 GHz a¶·¬9žVFHÕå-™

Rxx(B)

34CoR6K @¬|ØVX™J‰e/C 10

0
0
0

1

2

3
4
Btot(T)

5

6; 1" Rxx 4Æ’7Rxx aQSÝpñ

þde·Ez{|¾:/_`¥akS±&a,bÄ÷ h , 8k „n b, \m U1 b, Ía ÇÎ c, Ïm Ð( c, ÑÒ Ç[ a,aìío° ®cKL¯°±²³0‹_bKLÑ—4±²“r" Ž89—4³0‹_cìío° ï°±²¯ Kï°ÒËKï°ãù Kï°$d¤=" " " " " " "E-mailäkasa@scphys.kyoto-u.ac.jpªMG‰‹J²3456‰VE•cŽ89KLXaÁE*¯ka±²ÙaI²C«BX—aŠ8_‰.'_*¾qYZEWE6HªG‰‹J²a§¬Y ThCr2Si2 ¢rsCÿ6 AFe2As2(A=Ca, Sr, Ba)¬*XðGQñò./0žM/(SDW)Ì#„aHOµCˆõ KL3UVWXA³J`C K «a‹'vÛÒÓ3ýŽõ6/ÿ3Æ^W:¤ûXFe ³J`C Co, Ni «3ýŽõ
6/ÿ3ÆÇJ-ûÎÏÛ‹ÿVW9ž÷þX/þ3'^WðGQñòÌ#ûIJ÷þ6/ÿ¬Ž89û•¾õ6Hd¬X/aMaY,dGaÉ?ÿVWE’+¦Ž89ûìX‚þ6Hn°ò-ÎÏÛ‹a9žCŠ÷[ÿYXAFe2As2 ¬* KL3E’CdÞõ6/ÿ¬ðGQñò
Ì#ûIJ÷þXÎÏÛ‹9žÿÔFÆ,3Ž89û•¾õ6HV•V-û‚XÎÏÛ‹a9
žRE’dÞûX6TXÔÕ3ðGQñlmCIJVXŽ89û•¾÷þ6a•X—a“r*A‚•¬*-kXªG‰‹J²3456Ž893*CAõòöBûo¯kf÷þWE6H
ïk$›3-^WXðGQñò SDW Ì#Cˆõ KL BaFe2As2 3GEWXAs ³J`CÔÓ)Œ¬46 P 3ýŽVF«û²_ƒ¬YŽ89Ì#û•¾÷þ6/ÿû»¼÷þFHáâãE
/ÿ3X/aM¬*n°ò-ûoa£nX9ìÎÏÛ‹a9žC]Q-kÿYŽ89û¿¾V
W4ÇX/þ*AB,-aÞ¬3Æ6n°òE’ób3Æ6YaÿNO‚þ6Häå*X/a«û²_ƒM¬46 BaFe2(As,P)2 3Ê!VX{-@ABaöhÿX/þCDEFÏZ¾*;<
C§²ÿVF•êC]^FH–ÁÂ¬*XBaFe2(As,P)2 3456Ž893GEWXŽ89H;
ÿT_'Ôo;<3Æ6ÎÏÛ‹Ì#a£nC§²3çBC],HŽXäå*-HôÔ;<+C!òÿVFªG‰‹J²Ž892a%/‹Î^Ï'”“ôhY]^WE6HÁÂ¬*/a±²3Iõ6ÃÄY],H

59

™CU&&bÉcW(Ï&-ÏŠœ(`ŠÏ&Ì-Ï.Í)Í.&dÏœ(&É)&eÉŠÉÊWÎÉ-ÏÎ&ÌÍ'Í.ÉÊ&.œeŠÍÎÏ&M. Kriener,1 T. Muranaka,2 J. Kato,2 Z.A. Ren,2 J. Akimitsu,2 and Y. Maeno1
1

Department of Physics, Grad. School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
Dep. of Physics and Mathematics, Aoyama-Gakuin University, Kanagawa 229-8558, Japan
E-mailämkriener@scphys.kyoto.u.ac.jp

2p (mJ / mo

The discovery of type-II superconductivity in heavily boron-doped diamond(C:B) [1] and cubic silicon (Si:B) [2] led to an increasing interest in the
superconducting phases of wide-gap semiconductors. Recently, we foundsuperconductivity in heavily boron-doped silicon carbide
0.6 SiCŠ1(SiC:B) [3]. Surprisingly, the latter system turned out to bea type-I superconductor and exhibits a quadratic
temperature-dependence of the electronic specific heat at
0.4
least down to ~350mK [4].
Here we will present and discuss specific-heat data on an
extended temperature scale down to ~70mK. The power law
0.2
H = 0 Oebehavior of cel holds to ~300mK. Below that temperature,
H = 200 Oe
we observe a residual density of states supporting a
0.0
description of the superconductivity in this system in a BCS
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
T (K)
framework. The new data allows us to estimate thesuperconducting parameters more precisely which we will
FIG.1: Specific heat of heavily
boron-doped silicon carbide.
discuss in detail.
[1] E.A. Ekimov et al., Nature 428, 542 (2004).
[2] E. Bustarret et al., Nature 444, 465 (2006).
[3] Z.A. Ren et al., J. Phys. Soc. Jap. 76, 103710 (2007)[4] M. Kriener et al., Phys. Rev. B 78, 024517 (2008).

™Cb& aÿ! ØÙf•^Ü—¸×D’&þde· bœ]ÏgÌXŽCW:]:^Eþdek&§ŠÐÄ a,b, úZ†ô a,b,vm :( a,b, ;÷©d b, \=:„ c,d, ð=¥< c,d,eaìío° ï°±²¯ Kï°$d¤=, bJST-TRIP, cERATO-SORST,dï2o7e0˜^‹Û³_I³0‹_, e ï2o•D³Š€‚‰±²à

E-mailänakai@scphys.kyoto-u.ac.jp" æ&ÁE÷þFªC‡ˆøÌŽ892 LaFeAs(O1-xFx)*XQñ)Œ¬46ªC‡ˆ3YIQ‚[233•EŽ89OµcM(Tc=26 K)Cˆõ/ÿ•‚X¾qóTò3<«3±²û]QþW
E6[1]H

KL¬46 LaFeAsO *XŽ89Cˆ÷[X. 160K

ÿ 140K ¬rsHOµ4Æ’ðGQñOµC¦/õ/ÿû7‚þ
W4ÇXs;aÆ,3ðGQñHÿŽ89HûTœVWE6/ÿ•‚XŽ89axvG•ÝÿðGQñÿaIÔ3GEWáâû¤FþWE6Häå*®%&'(_(MmK)aQR)¦C;<¬ö6P
QRST¥(NMR)CDEWXŽ89(Ï‚ƒrsRQR)¦ÿŽ8;: •cŽ892
LaFeAs(O1-xFx)aH;

9aIÔ3GEWñòWöF[2]H´µ¬*X•êAbaïð3GEWÁÂõ6s<¬46H[1] Y. Kamihara et al., J. Am. Chem. Soc. 130 (2008) 3296.

[2]Y. Nakai et al., J. Phys. Soc. Jpn 77 (2008) 073701. Y. Nakai et al., arXiv:0810.3569.
&
60

™Ci& e¹±LMNO¸±· ™Î_ŠŽH E¸hijklm&•— „ a, É½ 0= a, w=Ì™ aaìío° ï°±²¯ Kï°ÒËKï°ãù Kï°$d¤=

E-mailätakatsu@scphys.kyoto-u.ac.jp
56°ò7Š.`8_^90C¤GQñ9J2¬*Xe_80•’RQnC¦¦ÿõ6
Ïua Hall ób3ÞOXK./0a56°ñOC¦¦ÿVF Hall óbû•F6…†ñûçB÷þX›&XÊ!CÅýWE6Häå*/aÆ,-óbC•êò3A‚•3õ 6Fý5
6°ò37Š.`8_`VF*+,-Qñ2a§¬Y>Vk9JñC¤G PdCrO2 3ö!
VW±²C0ýWE6[1]H$›Xäå*X/aM¬‡ýW@A
Baöh3hßVFH—VWX@AB
CDEF Hall JKRQna;<C]-^FAbXT*~20 K 8>¬Ïua¼
3T_'ób¬*,A¬ö-EÉ¼×6ØEû¾þ6/ÿCE¿VF(;1)HÁÂ¬*ïð-•êRCøaAb
C » ¼ õ 6 H [1] H. Takatsu et al.,accepted in PRB; J. Phys.: Conf. Ser. 145,

; 1." PdCrO2 a Hall JKÿQnaQSÝp

012046 (2009).

™Cž& Áù.Lnoþde· ‰ŠH!`Žb y¾ðÕpqrs¸hEM‚tu±&?• †d®, §¨ åæ, e= #s, É½ 0=, vm :(, w= Ì™
ìío° ï°±²¯ Kï°ÒËKï°ãù Kï°$d¤=
E-mailäkittaka@scphys.kyoto-u.ac.jp"

Sr2RuO4 *‰_Ð_Uû./0*†%Ì#¬46ÿf•0÷þWE6o]-EŽ892a|G¬46Hd¬¬XSr2RuO4 aŽ89Éñ3IVWXEkG•aªC
D01Yf÷þWE6H—a 1 G389Ð3\]3QSCdÞVFÿö3IbÎTQS
Hc2_Ž89Ì#û±þ6QSaû®c¬J$÷þWE6•aÆ,3EO6BûìX‚þ6H/a Hc2 aJ$*./0d†%Ž892¬’;÷þ6ÐÜÛÛ€‚`3Y‹W4ÇX./0*†%Ž892¬46/ÿCD<õ6Fý
3YCDV-5þ©-‚-E01¬46H/a¾*a¦¦CA3O5WXäå*¡‰`'™L&‚`CDEWQS¬OÑGMC&ž3JÛVXHc2 a+MÝpñCñòFH—aAbX ;:QSC89Ð•‚ c N¬O3Ù5Fÿs;aÆ,3 Hc2 aJ$*89Ð•‚ 2 M8

öa Sr2RuO4 acMQSH;a£nHHc2aa¶·¬¢£¬46/ÿû¤•^FH

aoö÷* Tc ›.aÙö¬™,nVFH

61

™Cå& \dÏ&Ì`-ÏŠ.ÉÊÎ`.(ÍÊv&-ŠÉ-ÏŠ(ÍÏÌ&É)&& &™ew‰ŠH!`Žbw™e&x`Ê.(ÍÉÊ&§¨ åæ a, §Z çÑ a, É½ 0= a, ÑÒ Ç[ b, w= Ì™ a
ìío° ï°±²¯ Kï°ÒËKï°ãù Kï°$d¤=bìío° ®cKL¯°±²³0‹_
E-mailätaketomo@scphys.kyoto-u.ac.jp¾qEG•^WE6Ž892a¯k*Ž89/¶Ioû•‘ðO3UVWU#-êÐÛ˜^Ž892¬4ÇX•‘ðO3UVWðU#-/¶IoC¤GUÐÛ˜^Ž892*ªAfÌ÷þWE-EHäåû±²C]^WE6 Sr2RuO4 *XUÐÛ˜^Ž892a$#’èßadG¬46ûX—aÐÛ˜^3GEWGH-;0³0³.ûl‚þW*E-EH" —/¬äå*Ž89›œœgCDEWÐÛ˜^a(SC3„FH¼-6ÐÛ˜^aŽ892¬œgCô6ÿX2 haÐÛ˜^a¹g3ÆÇŽ89œgaÎTJ¸3¼3-cMÝ
pñû•F6/ÿû•ê·ïBoÐ¬”•÷þWE6[1,2]Häå* Sr2RuO4-Ru SBÿfa
œgCXÅîJ•0•_ÝCDEWôhVX—aÎTJ¸acMÝpñCñòFH—VW
Sr2RuO4 a Tc=1.5 K 34EWXÎTJ¸ûQR
3IJ÷þ6/ÿCfgVFH/þ* Pb aêÐÛ˜^Ž89ÿ Sr2RuO4 aŽ89û¹gVF
Ab¬46ÿNO‚þXSr2RuO4 ûUÐÛ˜^
Ž892¬46/ÿCˆõ/ÿû¿uFÿNO
‚þ6H[1] R.Jin, Yu.Zadorozhny, Y.Liu, D.G.Schlom,
Y.Mori, and Y.Maeno: Phys. Rev. B 59 (1998) 4433.
[2] C.Honerkamp and M.Sigrist: Prog. Theo. Phys.
100 (1998) 53.
a™CE& ]œeŠÍ.œ(ÍÉÊ& É)& ™ew‰ŠH!`Žbw™e& y`Ê.(ÍÉÊ& [ÏzÍ.ÏÌ& )ÉŠ& gÌ.ÏŠ(œÍÊÍÊv&‰`-ÏŠ.ÉÊÎ`.(ÍÊv&™œŠÍ(*&e*&(dÏ&™ŠÉ:Í&Í(*&Z))Ï.(&§Z çÑ a, §¨åæ aXÑÒÇ[ bXÉ½0= aXw=Ì™ aaìío° ï°±²¯ Kï°ÒËKï°ãù Kï°$d¤=bìío° ®cKL¯°±²³0‹_

E-mailänakagawa@scphys.kyoto-u.ac.jp" Sr2RuO4 ¬*./0 3 †%Ž89a•¾û#’0÷þW4ÇX/aÉ¼-Ž89ña÷‚6(Sûþÿ÷þWE6[1]H./0 3 †%Ž892a/¶Io*UÐÛ˜^¬4ÇX1 †%¬aêÐÛ˜^Ž893*jEóba’;ûþÿ
¬ö6[2-3]Häå*/aŽ89ÐÛ˜^a(Sa?3 Pb/Sr2RuO4/Pb œg3456›œóbCñòFHœgŒ-aôh3* Sr2RuO4 a@AB

; 1 : ôhVF Pb/Sr2RuO4/Pb a
SEM 34}A6E¸¹û Pb ¬X–
E¸¹û Sr2RuO4}ÄÓ§íbaŠJ0ûU 0.5m aœgIÏ0&'}

ÂÐ3 Pb Ú“C4•7böVX#3 FIB CDEFñðÞ23Æ^W›œœga¸¹CH
hVFH–ÁÂ¬*/aŒ-aôh¬¥3GEWX—a-.ò-ïðC»¼õ6H[1] A. P. Mackenzie and Y. Maeno, Rev. Mod. Phys. 75 (2003) 657.
[2] R. Jin, Yu. Zadorozhny, et al., Phys. Rev. B. 59 (1999) 4433.
[3] C. Honerkamp and M. Sigrist, Prog. Theor. Phys. 100 (1998) 53.

62

™CL&åigÌWaÿ! P}~•^Ü@Bþde· bœ]ÏgÌXŽCW:]:^&y¾ðÕWæ{¸×D’E!"&úZ†ô a,b,§ŠÐÄ a,b,vm:( a,b,;÷©d b,\=:„ c,d, ð=¥< c,d,eaìío° ï°±²¯ Kï°ÒËKï°ãù Kï°$d¤=b

JST-TRIPX" cERATO-SORSTdïì2Õo° 7e0˜^‹MsSÔ±²³0‹_eïì2Õo° •D³Š€‚‰.±²à

E-mailäshunsaku@scphys.kyoto-u.ac.jp
Fe C¡_.3VFŽ892 LaFeAs(O1-xFx)aÁE*X—a•EŽ89OµcM(Tc=26 K, x=0.11)ÿXÝAnK
•cŽ892ÿai‹ñ•‚jEÊ!CÅýWE6H
LaFeAs(O1-xFx)*;aÆ,3 LaO øÿ FeAs øû·„†-^FABrsCVW4ÇX±0²¦§-+aAb•‚
2 #)ña•E Fe a 3d J-ûŽ893oök«¬VW;: LaFeAs(O1-xFx)aABrs

E6/ÿûQ•^WE6Häå*QS¬üOVF34¬aPQRST(NMR)3Æ^W38
9Ì#aQR)¦a¼¬ñRŽ89ÿQñaIÔ3GEWñ0ò3ñòWE6H ÁÂ¬*/þ@¬3l‚þFAbaïðC»¼õ6s<¬46H™H‹& ÿYZ çy:Õn~¹OÜ|}þNOEÓ~&@ö…A a, Þsæh a, ¾d¿ a, ÑÒÇ[ b, ÍaÇÎ a, ÏmÐÑ aaìío° ï°±²¯ Kï°ÒËKï°ãù Kï°$d¤=bìío° ®cKL¯°±²³0‹_

E-mailäshishido@scphys.kyoto-u.ac.jp" f J-C¤G Ce ngK*GHIJ-MaË¢KLadG¬4ÇX®c¬J-a#óLƒ
ûÚÛJ-a 1000 •ÜM3YÒõ6K†EJ-MOCHhõ6Häå*¤-©%/‹Î^_(MBE)¥CYìEW†EJ-MðGQñ2 CeIn3 ÿ f J-C¤F-E<=KL¬46
LaIn3 û •ó 3 ·ø VF 1 2Ž ,- ” “a %/ ‹ Î^ Ï' h z3 hß V FH; 1 3
CeIn3(2)/LaIn3(4)a TEM ÓCˆõHCeIn3 øÿ
LaIn3 øû•ó3·øVWE6Õ-û¤•6H
12Ž,-¬* CeIn3 øaÚ„aJÛ3ÆÇ
Ma#)ña£nûþÿ÷þ6H
CeIn3(m)/LaIn3(4) (m = 8 - 1)3GEWXJRJ
K:XHall ób;<C]^Fÿ/”Xm û\]õ6ÿS3 TN Y\]VXm = 2 34EW TN
M 0 K ÿ-ÇX†EJ-Ì#aHhû’;÷þFH/a/ÿ*#)ñJÛ3Æ^WJ-Ì
#aJÛ3hßVF/ÿCˆVWE6H; 1" CeIn3(2)/LaIn3(4)a TEM Ó

63

™HC& ^•€Üþde· ™Š]ÏgÌŽCW* E•qrs¸hkWæ±&þ# ç( a, Marcin Konczykowskib, C. J. van der Beekb, Þs æh a,A– ¢d® a, @ö …A a, => ? a, v+ )ñ c, BR C d,e,
DE F d,e, ½# q d,e, ²– 4d c,e, Ía ÇÎ a, Ïm ÐÑ a,baìío° ï°±²¯ Kï°ÑÒËKï°ãù Kï°$d¤=bEcole Polytechnique, c ‹–÷-’±²¹Á“r, d «Õ•g±²à, eJST, TRIP

E-mailäokazaki@scphys.kyoto-u.ac.jp" )Näå*ªGŒMŽ892 PrFeAsO1-y @AB(Tc ~ 34 K)a>bÎTQS Hc1 ÿ—a¼¬
ñ ! [=Hc1(H || c)/Hc1(H || ab)]a§ûC]^FH>bÎTQSò’—a¼¬ñ*X]_²a#j3ôÔ-QSéžz(Hc1HB-2)R7•'€Ða¼¬ñCðpõ6ÐŠx_‹_¬4ÇXŽ
89Á¾“rÿžœ3IÔõ6Ž89(Ï‚ƒrsC±²õ6I¬—þ‚a§û *"ýW†Ã¬46HV•V-û‚XÏua±'‰aQn;<¥¬*XQîa/0›ý3 ÆÇtÙdÿ-6QS¤÷C\ÙVW;<õ6Fý3>bÎTQSaD<*233'(¬46H" —/¬äå*‹8JÌañ&T_'Œ-CDEW34a§²R1-+a34aÒSà3456€àò-Qna;<C]EXŽ892abaQS¤÷CN5õ6/ÿ3Æ Ç>bÎTQSÿ—a¼¬ña§ûC3„F[1]H—VW/aMû(1)®cr34EW,Í-)¦aÅÿ«+-E7'(Ï‚ƒaŽ89¬46/ÿX(2)&÷-(Ï‚ƒC¤G±0²ûÆÇ•#)ò-™'I±0²aŽ89¬46/ÿCˆºõ6AbClFH[1] R. Okazaki et al., Phys. Rev. B 79, 064520 (2009).

™HH&&^•€Ü—þde·E¸h‚ƒakêì7©[de‚&A– ¢d®, Ía ÇÎ, Ä÷ h a,b, Þs æh, ŠÞm IJ, mhZ K,
þ# ç(, @ö …A, v+ )ñ c, BR C d, DE F d, ½# q d, ²– 4
d c, 8k „n b, \mU1 b, C.J. van der Beeke, M. Konczykowskie, ÑÒÇ[ b,ÏmÐÑìío° ï°±²¯ Kï°ÒËKï°ãù Kï°$d¤=aìío° ®cKL¯°±²³0‹_b

K—“r, c ÷-’“r, d «•±, eEcole PolytechniqueE-mailäk.hashimoto@scphys.kyoto-u.ac.jp" äå*X$›ÁE÷þFªGŒM•cŽ892 PrFeAsO1-y ÿ Ba1-xKxFe2As2 @ABaÐa
QSéžz;<C™J‰e/CDEW 1.5 K @¬]^FH—aAbX,Í-a®%&'(_CQœðpõ6QSéžz*®c¬2337Š‚`-×ØECEBXŽ89( Ï‚ƒû7•'€ÐH23‰^W¹EF7'(Ï‚ƒŽ8923É?ò-7žñ¢acM ÝpñCˆõ/ÿCA‚•3VFH÷‚3Ž89J-žM*$(ÏƒªŒ'¬-k7^‚ `¬öXªGŒMŽ892û™'I(Ï‚ƒŽ892¬46/ÿCˆºõ6AbClFH Ø‹*™
J‰e/89MaAbR Ba1-xKxFe2As2 at{KóbY1BWçBõ6H

64

™HU& _Š*É.ÉÍ'&ÿg‰„&—…‚½P†‡Ç•ˆ‰ÜŠ‹·—»Œ• aÿ! ¨©$ŽE÷ø&

wZöŸ

E

ˆ= L a,d, sþ *u b, 8Ü ‘Mï c,da‹–J-(±) ¹Á–b 4 L'_ƒ 2 I_Ý, b_±a‰ŠJ•Ü•‹,c

ìío° ï°±²¯ n°ãù ¤-rsn°±²b, d CREST / JST

E-mailämizuno@kuchem.kyoto-u.ac.jp" NMR *ŠK•/!¹a¤Ã°¬4ÇX7YN
a•‚CGk¢5W S/N û233®EHS/N COIõ6!ò¬X34Cbc>3ýö-û‚(¿M
C®cnVF>1Ma NMR ƒe_Š*¹Á÷þ
WöFHäå*X—þCbc>¬a MAS(™K‚‰+34NO)C',ù2•¤C† NMR 3•DVFH; 1 Cryocoil MAS 3ô“a34k‰™- NMR ƒe_Š¬46XCryocoil MAS C¹Á

; 2" adamantane a 1H MAS-NMR .
e‰`'a S/N aÑëH(a)Cryocoil
MAS 3ô“¬;J'XƒÛ‹0ƒÿ
Ybc¬;<H(b);J'* 10K, ƒÛ‹0ƒ 45K ¬;<H(c) ýSU=“¬;J'XƒÛ‹0ƒÿYbc¬;<H(a)C(b)¬ 3.4 •X(c)C(b)¬ 3.0 •a
S/N OI:ûl‚þFH§¬46H)N*X®c®YN HEMT ƒÛ‹0ƒC9
žõ6Fý3XÐ'.ž’ 100W 3UVWYƒÛ‹0ƒ„aOPJ’C 50dB 8>3Q\õ6/ÿû…†Œ'ƒ8‰³C¹ÁVFH/þ3ÆÇX3ô“34E
W 1H MAS-NMR(RZó/o 301 MHz)¬, bcU=“
3UVW 3.0 •a S/N OI:Cˆõ/ÿû¬öFH"™Hb& è»OI<·y¾ðÕè€{¤••Eß‘’“g&“” „ a, "— ˜™ a, ãm ×d® a, š= › a, #ò xk a,¬m 5-® b, ¯Z -° baìío° ï°±²¯ n°ãùboªo° «Õ¯°±²à

E-mailähokuyama@kuchem.kyoto-u.ac.jpˆŒAgaHhXC|X4Æ’\„ŽOa°J\€‰.*XÕå-ˆ>1að•R•2
að•34EW†Ã-õöCbFVWE6Hˆ¤-(ƒ
2*ˆŒAga$&@-¬4ÇX!é±²aU*ÿ÷þWöFHRHa•ê¬*X×¶-NO.e‰`'C)3(ƒ2a¤-‘•˜0^Ï'RˆŒ÷-a`0&'°J\€‰.3GEWçB÷þWöFH/þ3UV–±²¬*XÒÓÂÐ3õöVFˆ¤-(ƒ2CÊË`0&'¢ñÌ_STMa3Æ^W••‘X@d¤-8¡'¬’ÍVX—a¶ò-ì¶3GEW±²C]^FHÉ
3XˆŒAgC\„ˆO6/ÿ3ÆÇX—a²\_ÿ‹‰³ƒ‹ÿVWaõöC•Žõ6¾*_s;aC•
˜‘’;VX—a¯Mûoö-Ô-2ób_60 •aC
ˆõ/ÿCA‚•3VFH_Iaˆ¤-(ƒ2arsÿˆŒAg•Žð•_>a(ƒ2a STM Ó_6 Ka

65

gúç""øÌngKTçGQñ2"¹šÑž±—Ò"a±²"-m …1, U ÒV, W X, gþ ÿŽ, l¨ dìío° ï°±²¯ n°ãù ÒH°±²b
E-mailäshioshio@kuchem.kyoto-u.ac.jp" øÌngK LaCoAsO *$›Ê!CÅýWE6ªGŒM•cŽ8
92a

KL LnFeAsO ÿÔFrsC#VXOµcMû. 60K a€ETçGQñ2¬46[1]H$#)ò- CoAs øû89ñÿQñC×,ÿE,TçGQñ2¬*4@ÇÖa-Ersò-É?•‚233áâãE KL¬4
6H
" äå*{-- LaCoAsO aÈÉ34Cghõ6/ÿ3hßVFHl‚þF34aÞ0ò-QñCïVkñòFÿ/”XM2 vs H/M ƒe‚`_‹e‚`Ñƒe‚`a3 MnSi R(Fe,Co)Si ¬E‚þ6Æ,-I3Ž-×6ØEûE‚þFH—/¬•A3Æ^WáÀ÷þF
ÚYjZö(SCR)-./0û‚üaïB[2]3ÆÇ./0û‚üaÐŠx_‹CE·ÇX/”«3Æ6 SCR ïB[3]3ÆÇ9•þF!Q:au3£žVFÿ/”X•ê3ÆÇ]ýF
!Q:acM£nC-k~¾¿u6jû¤•^FH/aÆ,3 LaCoAsO aOµB›.a\ÙS›‹•‚a[þ*./0û‚üaïB¬44Æ—,A¿u6jû¤•^FH[1]Yanagi et al., PRB 77 (2008) 224431.
[2]Takahashi, JPSJ 55 (1986) 3553.
[3]Moriya, Spin Fluctuations in Itinerant Electron Magnetism (Springer-Verlag, New York, 1985).

™Hž& bÍ_ÉŽH P‰øSTkÔÕè”•–Å%ô½SyR~—E¸±!"&¯>" K a, -m" …1 a, l¨" d- aaìío° ï°±²¯ Kï°n°ãù ÒH°±²b

E-mailämorishita@kuchem.kyoto-u.ac.jp" \Ð*+,- CoO2 ÐC‡ˆKLX3*XÛIÜÝJ•0(#J-aJ"—4ÿVWmD÷þWE6 LiCoO2 RXoö-7JóbCˆõ NaxCoO2XŽ
89ñCˆõ NaxCoO2ÑyH2O -+233áâãEKñCˆõYaûpqV
W4ÇX@F CoO2 Ð‘{|R‘3[@þ6J•0ahi-+3Æ^Woök—añLC£O6/ÿûQ•^WöFH–±²¬*XLiCoO2 R NaCoO2 C¡(\A%ÿð•÷BX‰™ngKa•Ú4Æ’l‚þFKLa§ûC]^FHLiCoO2 C Na2S2O8 ÿð•÷BFÿ/” c Nzûefò3£nVWEkÕ-ûE‚þFH$ëò3l‚þFKLCñòFÿ/”XPark ‚a»¼[1]346Æ
,3ˆû(øž^W4ÇX34§aÛIÜÝûÅ¡õòW\`ÛÜÝÿJ•0• ŽVWE6/ÿûQ•^FH@FÅÆr·R3ýkÿXˆdø2R÷‚3ˆa]-EHûl‚þFH/aÆ,3VWl‚þFˆ(ø343UVQn;<C]^Fÿ/”X43 K 34EWQRQna\]ûE‚þFH59Co Pi†"ST;<C]^Fÿ/”X/acM8>¬.e‰`'GMûQR3\]VFH/þ‚aAb•‚X43 K 34EWðGQñÌ#3HOµVWE
6ÿNO‚þ6H[1]S.Park et al., Solid State Commun. 148 (2008) 271.

66

™Hå& aÍUg'Y:&E˜v¹O¸±yÛÔÕ!"&W" " " X, -m" …1Xgþ" ÿŽ, l¨" dìío° ï°±²¯" n°ãù
E-mailächenbin@kuchem.kyoto-u.ac.jp"

Ni3Al*Ë¢ò-€ETçJ-GQñ2¬4ÇXÎ'Û_cMTc = 41 KX

ABrs* Cu3Au¢¬46H/aKL3UVWX2²-ý3Q[•CXSi-+Cyžõ6ÿXGQñlmûz{VX*#)
ò-GQñƒ-HOµû¦/6ÿE,AbûÞ0òXñ0ò-Qn;<3Æ^WA‚•3-^FûX/aƒ-HOµ3UVW†Ã-õöCbFVFCXSiaJ-Ì#3GEW*@AA‚•3-^WE-EH–±²¬*XNMR;<ûpq3¬ö6B÷-C2²
3²_ƒVFMNi3AlBxagh3hßVXSQUIDQî¦3Æ6Qn;<C]^FH;|*2 K3456‹e‚`Ñƒe‚`a\hÝpñCˆõHBaƒû
[Þõ63GþTcû¼Zò3£nVXCXSi²_ƒMÿÔFkXQ[•-²_ƒƒ_x = 0.03a¬Tcûz{VFHñ0ò-’B•‚J-Ì#CCAõ6;|H2_3456‹e‚`Ñƒe‚`a\hÝpñH

Fý311B-NMR;<AbC1BW»¼õ6H™HE& ¡JK{¤•™š ™eH•UŽL E¸hW‚¸×•›&

8/" U]Xgþ" ÿŽXl¨" dìío° ï°±²¯ n°ãù ÒH°±²b
E-mailäknawa@kuchem.kyoto-u.ac.jp"
Pb2V3O9 * V4+û S = 1/2 ad#)Ag•ˆEC-õ*^BMangK¬46H–KL*¯AB2CDEW±²û]QþX

eQS¬*!"Ì#û2Qñ¬./0(Ï‚ ƒC¤G

/ÿû¤•^FH@FXH = 4M38 T aQSCdÞõ6ÿ®c¬ðGQñû+¦÷þ6/ÿûÁE÷þF[1]H
QS+¦ðGQñûÁ¾õ6“rC÷‚3&ž3çB
õ6Fý3*XÆÇïð-KñCl6ZÃû46H/a!òaFýX~AB¥ò’ FZ 3Æ6@ABaöhC]^FH; 1 3 FZ 3ÆÇl‚þF@ABCˆõHl‚þF@AB* 0M14 T aQS§34EWÑ7C;<VFH/aAbXQS+¦ðGQñH„aOµQSX
OµcMaïðûA‚•3-ÇX&ž-QRH;Côhõ6/ÿû¬öFH; 1" FZ 3ÆÇl‚þF@AB[1] T. Waki, et. al.: J. Phys. Chem. Solids 66 (2005) 1432-1434
67

™HL& ìÆ.±œ•·ØÙEê7©žŸÈ£@{01¢ÅEÓ~k$£²³&¡±§Å`„ aA a, §2 U¿ a, Ò¯" ¿b a, sm ,Ñ b, nmÎd aaìío° ï°±²¯ n°ãù j“KLn°¤¯bìío° 2°±²¯ —4n°ãù •Dù2n°n°¤=

E-mailätokudome@kuchem.kyoto-u.ac.jp" \]x_`'¸¹ax~¤ÿ™J‰ex_`'¸¹a™‰e¤(a)

C1B¤Gføò¯¤rs*jEÑÂÐ·ÿ/þFKLÏZÉñ
C1B¤GFý , •gò-ð•ó:û•EŒ±J.„a•Dû…
†¬46.

–±²¬*, >1§3¾<3>CÑ¤í÷BF¿Á=g>1•‚<'•Ú'¥3ÆÇføò¯¤ñ‹'€\Ú'aôC3„F. %n‹'€GÜÝ 6 ˆUKC Al ¦ÿVWDE, ˆ>

46 =m
(b)

ñ•Û™_Sp>¬ƒe/80•Î^²C´Þõ6ÿ , <'•Ú'Oµÿú]VWH¤|û0]V , ™‰e¤¸¹arsûHh÷
þ6 (; 1(a)).

d¬¬, x~¤¸¹að¤* 1 #Í-ò’ 2 #Í-‘c3Ûuõ6 (; 1(b)). _3ÅÆ, ò’ŽÎTÅÆŠl‚þF¯¤2að¤rsCÊËJ-¢ñÌ(SEM, FE-SEM), &+ X ©
íî(SAXS), »Œõö;<, ˆdEž;<, SŠB8_D_.Î

; 1. (a)™J‰ex_`'¸¹að¤rsa LSCM
ÄÓ. (b)\]x_`'¸¹að¤a FE-SEM ÄÓÏ0¢ñÌ(LSCM)CDEW§ûVF.

™U‹& ¤ûÆ¥«Iªü.§Å¥ÅI$¦ÅSu«û2§Å2¢ÅÜE•»¨&&Ñ" —Ë a, Ò¯" ¿b a, §2" U¿ a, nm" Îd aaìío° ï°±²¯ n°ãù

E-mailäkazuki@kuchem.kyoto-u.ac.jp" ½JŒ‹';Î^²aÞˆ¤C†¬g¡Ü¬H¤|ÿ<'•Ú'OµCú]VW+¦õ
6ÿX™‰e¤4Æ’x~¤C1BYG^ÛvÚ'ûl‚þ6HSp÷B6TÐžñÉX´ÞÉahiRÄM4Æ’ð•cM3Æ^W
H¤|ÿÚ'naHUò-‹J€0LC£n÷BX÷@Á@-ª'7•eK_C#õ6Ú
'Cl6/ÿû¬ö6H–±²¬*½JŒ‹

5 =m';Î^²ÿVW˜`Šx`Î^^Š0(TMOS)CXTÐžñÉÿVW•Û•Î^%I 8 0 ‹ ' Î ' % _ ˜ ' ( / / ¬*É3

; 1" l‚þF™‰e¯¤ñ^ÛvÚ'a
SEM Ó_¿Á\häHOAc 12 mL, TMOS 5 mL,
Brij78 1.6 ga

Brij78(C18EO20))CDEFMaH¤|ì¶CñòFHÉ3™‰e¤CYG^ÛvÚ'ûl‚þ6¿Á\ha¶·CñËVFH@ Fl‚þ
FÚ'37©ïCŠVFŠX»Œõö;<3ÆÇe,a3456x~¤aÌ#3 GEWY
ñòFH"
68

™UC&&Ì&š&CwH&Ø©lNOªÚ¸±·&!eH_`U‰Ê]CH E aÿ!&m£ oñ a, 2= f¥ a, &=m A a, Ds xA a, wZ ü a,£= „+Ç b, &= †< b, m§ ¥o baìío° 1‘·µS°±²¯ HIµS°ãùbïì2Õo° Kï°ãù
E-mailäh.tashiro@fs7.ecs.kyoto-u.ac.jp" Rb2Cu3SnF12 *56°ò7Š.8_`M s = 1/2 •ïý,-ðGQñ2¬4ÇXc Ða3 s= 1/2 aQñJ•0 Cu2+û•ïý,-CHhVXF•J•0C_VWðGQñò3AgVW
E6HQn:*X. 70K ¬Še_²/_‰CˆVFaìQ¯
H_|_c-axis3\]VXc N3\]-¬O_•ïýÐ3PQa¬*QnûÅ
e3-6a3UVXc N3PQ-¬OaQn*#$¬46ÿ»¼÷þWE6[1]H" s;3 c N3PQÿ\]3QSC•5Fÿöa 19F-NMR .
e‰`'CˆõHH C#c aÿö*•c¬*U 10kHz Ü_2G H«aa^Ï_ƒ-/_‰¬46ûX30K L›•‚‰F3•ó/

250K

Intensity (a.u.)

ÿ«+

1.4K
H//c-axis
248K

r3/_‰û¿¾õ6Hd¬XH ;; c aÿö* 10K L›•‚ 2–a/_‰3¤•þ6H/þ‚*ÐaÿÐ‘a F a³J`a

1.53K%ECðpVWE6ÿNO‚þ6H/þ‚a^7`*®c¬[37.3

oVX/a×6ØE*®c¬aQn:a\]ÿU•V-EH[1] K. Morita, H. Tanaka et al. JPSJ. 77, 043707 (2008).

37.4

37.5

freq. (MHz)37.6;ä19F-NMR .e‰`'™UH& «ì©7©§¬ªÚ¸±· _`HXŽ+^U_' E aÿ!&Æs gd a, &=mA aXDsxA aX2=f¥ aXwZü aXh…Ã baìío° 1‘ÑµS°±²¯ HIµS°ãù

bÆòo° ï2°b

E-mailämanochori@baka.mbox.media.kyoto-u.ac.jp" Cu2(OH)3Cl *XQñJ•0¬46 Cu2+ûiÐ2a•B3-ýVX—a•BCS#VWAgVFÐJe‰e‹¢Qñ2¬46HCu2+* s = 1/2 ¬ðGQñò3HóôDõ6FýXƒ
-./07Š.`8_`Qñ2ÿVWa×6ØE3áâ
û¤Fþ6H/aKL* TN1 = 18.1 K, TN2 = 6.4 K, TN3 =6.2 K 3 3 Ga¶#HOµBC¤ìXTN3 = 6.2 K 8>¬*z{|lmÌ#ÿ-ÇX./0/)¦ûpqõ6/ÿ
C NMR 3Æ6•ê•‚A‚•3VFH" d¬ TN2 < T < TN1 a§‘H¬*X.e‰`'Uûq;aÆ,3 TN1 8>•‚QR3[oVabQSaÁ•Cˆ
VWE63Yi‚[XQn:R%0`e/_a£n*&÷kXPQRZU:a¼3Y’;÷þ-•^FH÷‚3
TN3 8>a®cH3i6w3.e‰`'rsûWY-Ya„ÿ£nVWE6H/a/ÿ•‚§‘Hû‰U-QR; .e‰`'UacM£n

rsC¤G/ÿûþÿ÷þ6H

69

™UU& M-$ÃÄÅ0Æ.LMNOªÚ¸±· ®aÍbY E&
q»“”BC&jmk‘ AX&=mA AX2=f¥ AXDsxA AXwZü AXl`‰
BXmòm¶ CA
ìío°" 1‘ÑµS°±²¯" HIµS°ãù
B
ïúoÒ±XC ÷-’“rE-mailämiyata.k@fs2.ecs.kyoto-u.ac.jp"" UNi4B *QRª_x0`C¤G U ÷-û bc Ða¬*+,-CHhVX/a U ÷-‘3ðGQñHóôDûmEWE656°ò7Š.`8_`Qñ2¬46H&_'cM TN=20 K 34EWXU ÷-a 2/3 û2ÌaðGQñlmC¦/VXfÇa 1/3 aª_x0`*—a2a§í33QñÌ#ÿVWpqõ6/ÿûA‚•3-^WE6 H/almÌ#34563Qñª_x0`ûÂ-6®c¬+aÆ,-×6ØECEB6a•áâû¤FþWE6H;|3ˆõÆ,3XTN 8>¬XM/H *"&`C¤ìX÷‚3®c¬*cM®>ÿÿY3[oVWE6H
7K L›¬UajE=C¤ìX\]3OF6ûX/a;"ø"=*QSû[Þõ6ÿÿY3&÷k-^WEkH7K
8>¬dQS|ØÿQS§|ØaQnûoök¼6ûXAC Qn:3*¼3û’;÷þEFýX./0LŠ.¬*-k€GQñ3Æ6YaÿNOWE6ûXïð*@A A‚•¬*-EH0.3 K ¬$$aHOµapqû»¼÷þWE6ûX—þÆÇ•c•‚3Qñª_x0`aû‚üañLû£nVWE6/ÿCˆºVWE6H/a/ÿ*ZU˜‘ acM£n•‚Y’;÷þWE6H™Ub& Áù.K¯ý¨ ÿÉ(( °±·y²³ÔÕþde&DsxA a, &=mA a, wZü a, ™—Uk b, =–„= b, ÞsÜ* baìío° 1‘µS°±²¯" b ï±

E-mailätetsuaki@staff.mbox.media.kyoto-u.ac.jp" GHIJ-MaŽ89*X¾q7‚þWE6YaaÅÿ«+ûQRlm
H3TœVWE6H/a/ÿ*GHIJ-MŽ89aÁ¾“r3UVXçBa¬ OñCD
ý6oö-grÿ-^WE6H/aÆ,-§¬Xäå* EtMe3P[Pd(dmit)2]2 34EWQRl
mH¬*-k./0(Ï‚ƒH3Tœõ6Ž89û¾þ6/ÿCE¿VFH" #“MKL X[Pd(dmit)2]2 * 2 #)*+,-C¤GðGQñ Mott c+2¬46H./0
12KL X=EtMe3Sb %ÿ¼-ÇXX=EtMe3P %*,-£HÚÛMC¤ìXAbÿVW 25K ¬./0
û 2 ƒ2CHhVX./0(Ï‚ƒû¹kH/a
KL3UVXE’>a 13C-NMR C]EXs;3ˆ
õÆ,- P-T H;ClFHM*ÞE3ÆÇ Mott Oµ©C£OÒÓnVXŽ89û¿¾õ6H†Ã/ÿ*X;a_Ç Mott c+H¸¹¬*ðGQñl
mH*¾þ[X./0(Ï‚ƒHûŽ89HÿT
œVWE6ÿE,/ÿ¬46H/a/ÿ*Ž89
aÁ¾“raçB3UVdvCnF6Ya¬46H

70

™Ui& ·±…´‘øµ¸hP}~•¶…´W–E·“{¸¹&¤w½[ñ|X$XlmUk|XV=q\$XîàU™|Xzop$XA=¥Q$"|Hìío°o°î%°±²¯•q9¯°¤="$Hìío°o°î%°±²¯•#r“†•g±²³0‹_""s!òt.Š3uÔü¼3C•F6/ÿû46ûXu;¢aÊ]ûãEFýX
Év;¢aJR•ï°ò…¥3Æ6”’ò§û¥*'(¬46H§wñaujR 2ñÔü+ÁrQSð•3ÆÇXxrauÔü¼3a”’ò§ûC3„6Hs¬¥tU*ä.Š
_>xæy_y 3 •Xuz{5¸ 1 •X>xy|5¸ 1 •Xu>}•¿ 1 •X•q"\‘a¼K¸Ñ 1 •a3xrauÔü¼3C#VFh1 7 •_yñ 3 •X~ñ 4 •X\Ù&•31.6 ðaHjRäŽJ"Cu€“aÂÐ3œ§÷BXjRU 16•XjR‘œ 1•aJRjRCÞOFHð3raÔü¦`a 4 •aGMCXð3rX‚rÿY3DEX1200 NÞ§
VFHHR¢rQ;¦¬-ƒVXCø3* planar ¢ 204„…CDEFHUrã8a$oð
•C§²ÿõ6 18„…a root mean square (RMS) /HÆÇXjRŠ 10•1506•a\Ù×
U_RMS[10X150]aC]ýFHor†Lað•C§ûõ6é3*XjRwa\Ù×UC‘EF`XaRMS_rRMS[10X150]•RMS[•50X•5]aCDEFHsAbtð3rjR¬*XõòWaÃêÙ¬UrR•rRb3 2 •‚ 4 Gað•CgýFHÒð•a\Ù‡˜*X
26.6±4.7(P25m)X39.5±5.0(P40m)X55.5±3.1(P60m)X81.5±6.96•_P80m)¬4^FHˆ256* 4 •Xˆ406* 6 •Xˆ606* 4 •Xˆ806* 4 •3gýFH‚rjR¬*X5 1¬U
rã83ð•CgýXÒÃêÙað•a$¥‡˜* 25X47X72X74X886•¬4^FH
aRMS *Xð3rX‚r¬—þªþX6.31±1.38X1.70±1.45fT/cm ¬4ÇXÖ‰Š‹Œ‰•ŽŠ•" Ž•‘‹’_[ðrjR•‚rjR]“[ðrjR”‚rjR]a*X0.61±0.26_$&` 0.21X$o` 0.91a¬4^FHsABtð3rjRÿÑëVW‚rjR¬*ujR+ÁrQSð•aoö÷3A‚•-®>CgýFH

!
™Už & µ ¸ h º g y ¾ ð Õ » q ¼ ½ ¾ ¿ À ‰ÍvÊœ'WÌ-œ.Ï& ÌÏ-œŠœ(ÍÉÊ& X‰‰‰^&&Ï(dÉÎ&P}~—&ÏÊ • a, ÏA –• b, —˜ Ò‡ bXA= ¥Q bX*” ¡ aaìío° %°±²¯ 1‘ðñ¯°Mãù ÛŸ•Û˜_^90¯°;_.

bìío° %°±²¯‚Ó •#r“†•g±²³0‹_

E-mailämatsubayashi@hs.med.kyoto-u.ac.jp" ¯IÏ0&'rQ;¦¬*X12ÚÛÜÝŒ'·_a"bûÚ'x‚`¢CVW4ÇX
//3Qî³0³__Ž89ƒ-ëìŒ-™ SQUIDaûüA÷þWE6H/a³0³_*
rQ;¦–23GH3ù<÷þWE6FýXÃêÙûRa-ýC]V¬Y¶•V WV@,ÿXor†L¬až¶ûHkÔF¬4^FÿVWYX³0³_3¦;÷þ6"% /H*¼-^FYa3-^WV@,HÏ^WÒ³0³_¬a"%/H—aYaCXRa- ýû¼6îåa¦;¬QœÑëõ6/ÿ*¬ö[X6‚•a¬¥¬J¸¦¾<C]^W •‚Ñë
õ6ZÃû4^FH›&X•‘7^'‹_adh¬46 Signal-space separation (SSS)
method ûÁ|÷þ_Taulu S et.al. 2004 »aXRb-ýCß:VFSga"%/HCl6/
ÿû…†3-^FH –±²¬*X•#r“†•g±²³0‹_3Úý÷þWE6 306 I
Ï0&'rQ;¦CDEWXSSS 3Æ6Rb-ýß:aóbC(SVFH¡2ò3*X:
f3Þ2÷þF8ÌªŒ'_7ô0`Ýaa3J¸C¸VX7ô0`Ý-ýC¶ •VFSg¬Y—a"%/HC+aÜM:f3~rh¬ö6•CfgVFHØ‹*—aA b3GEW»¼õ6H"

71

™Uå& Á‘’Â$¥.QŸéûÃÄÅÆÇy¾ðÕµ¸hH5È½&

š"ÿ› šXÏÊ"• šX…a"pÅ šXÏA"–• `X—˜"Ò‡ `XA="¥Q `X*”"¡ š" " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " "a ìío°o°î%°±²¯" 1‘ðñ¯°Mãù " " " " " "ÛŸ•Û˜_^90¯°;_.
b ìío°o°î%°±²¯‚Ó•#r“†•g³0‹_
E-mailächihiro.m@fy2.ecs.kyoto-u.ac.jp"r«œŠ3¦/6•#r“†C•a2ž3óbò-Ÿ
±²¬*X/aÆ,-‚Ù3ÁÊõ6Ÿ

ã1a¹Áû¡@þWE6H–

ã1C¹Áõ6!ò¬X0•‘·_Î0Lxª

Ûã1CôhVXð3Ù34EW:9:Xð•˜‘Xã1*]˜arQSž¶3GEW(®VF.¢¬¥£ð3ÃêÙ 6 •û–±²3<ÞVFHÃêÙ*XÄÐI3¤#Áˆ÷þ6
jR_^B™2M4 9@¬[Þaa-ýC 3 à‘—¤VFH—aŠƒe•Ša-ýû—¤V
WE6jRa-ýÿÔF•+,•C~WVX}‹0¥V¬N9VF. MEG ¦;3* Elekta
Neuromag ²- Vectorview_HR¢ 306 IÏ0&'aCcDVF.ã1¹èŠXjRûÁˆ
÷þ6@¬a‘arQSž¶C!,`ÿVX!,`3Uõ6šàþ‘aE¶rQSÐ·_aHUò-£nC $ !¹_8-12Hzaÿ D !¹_18-23Hza¬ñòF.[Ab]:§bó·•‚sr3•5WaR•-ŠRb34EWX—¤jRa9oû[O63ÿY-^W $ !¹h¤arQSž¶ûÆÇGkIE÷þ6/ÿû’Í÷þFH

™UE& 7íÁ/½¤S ›œaeb‰E EÁù.«.Qüý%BC&¦ú" §¨XUV" WX m©" l¦, §¨" ÅöXYZ" [ aìío° 2°±²¯ —42°ãù
aïìo°" Kñ±²à

E-mailätakeshi.waki@kx7.ecs.kyoto-u.ac.jp" GaNb4S8 *ABa¬ Nb4S4 ‰Š.‹ÿ GaS4 ‰Š.‹û.%¢rsC-õª‚`c+2¬
46HNb4S4 ‰Š.‹fg3tUJ-ûdGpqV—þûQñC×^WE6H!Q:*•cb¤34EWÎ'Û_·J.Ö¬7^‚`¬öXðGQñò3HóôDVWE6

S=1/2

a€q./0M¬ÂB6/ÿû¤•6H30K L›3!Q:aQR-\]ûE‚þXQRH
Oµapqûˆº÷þ6ûX—aïð*A‚•¬-EHäå* 71Ga-NMR 3ÆÇX–Ma
QñCñ0ò3±²VFH71Ga a.e‰`'*•c¬^Ï_ƒ-.e‰`'¬4^FûXOµcM8>¬ I=3/2 aPi†"HóôD¬,A¬ö6Ë¢ò-ÈÉ.e‰`'ûl‚þ
FH@FXðGQñÚÁQnapq*fg÷þ-•^FHOµcM8>¬a 71(1/T1) *7
žñ¢acMÝpñCˆVX%&'(_(Ï‚ƒapqûˆº÷þX.e‰`' aAbÿgQB6ÿX–Ma!"Ì#*./0d†%¬46H¡Ñ3]QþFABrsC øaAb3Æ6ÿXOµcM8>¬‰Š.‹ûUCô6Æ,3¦ˆFýXNb aãƒ2ûHh÷þ
WE6ÿNO‚þ6H

72

™UL&&ÿÊ™ EÉŠ¸h•&=ª =æ, m© l¦ a, UV W a, §¨Åö a, Ï‡ «1 ba

ìío° 2°±²¯ —42°ãù —4“†°´æ —4Kï°¤=boªo° ï°±²¯ ÒË$8¯°ãù "$rsKñ°L'_ƒ

E-mailät.yamazaki@ky4.ecs.kyoto-u.ac.jp" MnP *?k•‚¯Õ-QRlmHCHhõ6/ÿû7‚þWEF[1]H

eQS§¬*X

Tc=292K 8>¬ c NCQnpqNÿõ6GQñCˆVX÷‚3 TN= 47K 8>¬ÚÛv'
QñCˆõH›&X T*=282K 8>3‰F-QRlmHapqû”•÷þF [2]HV•VX/a‰F3EG•^FHû¡2ò3+aÆ,-QRòÌ#¬46a•*ªCA¬46H
äå*/aHaQRòÌ#CCAõ6FýX"®QS3456ïð-!Q:;<C]^
FH;*Xbc•‚ 35K(<TN) 4Æ’ 55K(>TN) @¬|ØVFŠXàc¡Ü¬ b N¬Oa!Q:6C;<VFAb¬46HE[þaSgY!Q:* T*¬¢£3IàVWE6H@FXT* 8>a!Q:a`*Xd7ÚÛv'HC¢F•¬•3ÆÇ`ûoö
k¼-6ÿE,XÉ¼-Ûç¾*û’;÷þFH
[1] Y. Shapira, et al., Phys.Rev.B 29(1984) 361.
[2]C.C.Becerra, J.Phys. :Condens.Matter 12(2000) 5889.

™b‹& ÊËÊÌÍ¸±·y¾ðÕÁù.QíÁ„Î&m©l¦ a, Ïm-Ë a, Òmïí a, UVW a, §¨Åö a, ÆsÓJ bX
Òg„d baìío° 2°±²¯ —42°ãù —4“†°´æ —4Kï°¤=b

ïìo° Kñ±²à ŒéGQS¯°±²ŠÚE-mailäy.tabata@ht4.ecs.kyoto-u.ac.jp" i"-JK0LQñ2 LiHoxY1-xF4 *XVQS+¦./0LŠ.ƒ-HOµa-EªŒ'KLÿVWz&±²÷þWöFûX$›X/aM¬*VQS3Æ6ƒ-HOµ* ¦/‚Ejû”•÷þFH/þ*XLiHoxY1-xF4 ûi"-HóôDM¬46/ÿû÷ú¬46ÿN
O‚þWE6H—/¬äå*XLiHoxY1-xF4 3Uõ6ÑëU*Xò’XÆÇ-EVQS+¦./0LŠ.ƒ-HOµaªŒ'KLÿVWXRKKY HóôDM¬46z{JK0LQñ
2 RxY1-xRu2Si2(R=Ho,Dy)a@ABCöhVX±²C0ýWE6HRRu2Si2(R=Ho,Dy)*2²:¬B ThCr2Si2 ¢aABrsC¤GJK0LðGQñ2¬4ÇXQñ)Œa Ho,Dy C2Q
ña Y ¬z{õ6/ÿ¬XÒå¼-6×Øû’;÷þFHR=Ho ¬*Xx = 0.067 a®ÄM@¬ðGQñû’;÷þX—aQRrs* pure(x = 1.0)aYaÿÔFX,-tèg-zóþrs¬4^FHd¬XR=Dy ¬*XDy ÄM x < 0.2 a3434EWX®c¬QS§|Ø(FC)ÿdQS|Ø(ZFC)ÿ¬!Q:a`û¼-6«X./0LŠ.Õ×Øû’;÷þFHx =0.103 a34¬*X2©H!Q:aÎTÁíY’;÷þX—aÎT”o "#* 1.04 ÿ]@ÇX\ÙS›‹a`(" = 1)3›E`Cÿ6/ÿû¤•^FH73

®cKL¯°±²³0‹_ ³€\_(\h 20 &M $ 3 N)

Superfluid 3He:A Model Universe

Prof. George Pickett(Lancaster University, UK)‹˜ ä 2009 & 2 ' 20 ‹ (Òz) 16:00February 20, Friday 16:00Sàä ï°±²¯ 5 %Á 401 %b
Room 401, Grad. School of Science Bldg. No.5"
®cKï°¤=a†®g˜™ù§œœä†C4PöVWX>-ÃÄa³€\_C]E@VF}°9ÙY‡ˆ¯o•a<ÞClWX&ž3JÛ÷þFŽ®cM3456ƒ-°¬Ha•êC_VWÒËB„ÿ´6±²a4_3Ô¯C¢5Få…±²ÙY]-•‚[EFÆ,¬õ}"ÃÄäThe wavefunction of 3He represents a very similar
broken symmetry-structure to that of the Universe after thetransitions separating the strong, weak and E-M forces.
The analogies are close enough that we can use thesuperfluid 3He condensate at very low temperatures (where
there is no normal fluid) as a model system for studying awide range of cosmological phenomena. We shall present
the similarities between the superfluid and the Universe metric and illustrate the sort ofexperiments we can do by, among other things, looking first at quantized vortices in the
superfluid as analogues of cosmic strings, and their production by the Kibble-Zurek
mechanism analogously to supposed production mechanism for cosmic strings. Secondly,
we will look at the phase interface between the two different phases of superfluid 3He (the Aand B-phases) which is the most coherent two-dimensional structure to which we haveexperimental access. This structure is our best current analogue of a cosmological brane. We
describe experiments where we annihilate two such “branes” and detect the topologicaldefects left in the superfluid “metric” after the annihilation. Braneworld scenarios are so far
removed from everyday intuition that analogue laboratory experiments can provide valuable
insight as well as validating those braneworld models which predict relic topological defects
from brane annihilation.

ó_1

74

Æå…Ó (3755)

®cKL¯°±²³0‹_ ³€\_(\h 20 &M $ 5 N)"#$%&'()*%+,-./0123´µÙ @ö…A íê
ìío°o°î"ï°±²¯‹˜ ä 2009 & 3 ' 6 ‹ (Òz) 10:30March 6, Friday 10:30Sàä ï°±²¯ 5 %Á 115 %b
Room 115, Grad. School of Science Bldg. No.5"

" –³€\_¬*ï°±²¯Kï°ÑÒËKï°ãùa@ö…AÓ3†EJ-MK
La12Ž,-3GEW´µVWEFAEF}°J-C¤GÑ§ngK*GHIJ-M
aË¢KLadG¬4ÇX®c¬J-a#óLƒûÚÛJ-aø³³³•ÜM3YÒõ6
K†EJ-MOCHhõ6H@öÓ‚*¤-©%/‹Î^_:dÆÇ>¥CDEW†EJ-MðGQñ2Ñ§c©óÿ°J-C¤F-E¹šc©óû•ó3·øVF12Ž,-”“a%/‹Î^Ï'hz3óT¬‡ýWhßVFH"" Ñ§c©óø‘aQRò-AgCj0¬ö6Æ,¹šc©óaÚ÷Cµ“G‚`³'_eø±¸©ûaÿVWÑ§c©óøaÚ÷C£OF12Ž,-"Ñ§c©ó":û>ù¹šc©ó":µ>":û"²"¸"³"ø“G‚`³'>3GEWJRJK:X́šŸŸób;<C]^Fÿ/”Ñ§c©óøaÚ÷ûû\]õ6ÿ
S3ðGQñ3lmnõ6cMµÉ¨û®>VX—þÿÔ˜3J-a#óLƒa[oû’;÷þFHû"²"ú34EW*É¨"M"³"¶ÿ-ÇXY^ÿY†EJ-Ì#CHh÷þ6/ÿûA‚•3-^FH/þ*Ma#)ûó#)•‚ú#)3¼Zò3£nVX—þ3ÆÇQRlmaz{ÿ†EJ-MaHhû¦/^F/ÿÿCˆVWE6Hõ-Qì1
2ò3#)ñCJÛõ6/ÿ3ÆÇ†EJ-M34EWJ-Ì#C£O6/ÿ3‡
ýWhßVFYa¬46H"" ´µŠµ¿·Ùÿa‘¬žÁ3L¸•9û-÷þµGHIMKï°3456$œ1
a_13Uõ6I²a•÷û,•ûQþ6´µ¬4^F}""

ó_1

ÑÒÇ[ (9521)

75

運営委員会よりÈÉÊËÌÍ
lmÎÏ0Ð.
12ÚÛÜÝÊËƒ
¹\hú³&M
ï°±²¯Ñn°ï°±²¯ÑKï°$d
ï°±²¯Ñ—a»1‘ÑµS°±²¯
2°±²¯
º°±²¯
%°±²¯
%&'(_¯°±²¯®cKL¯°±²³0‹_·±²b¿Ô³0‹_ÑSÔmDñý
¹¹g¹¹¹¦@-äÛ‚`'

ø³'

øø'

øú'

ø'

ú'

ó'

g"¦

UUV
UVWZ
Y[X
YYVU
Z^
[\
V]X
\
Y][^
U]\
WVZ^[

WXXX
]]Z\
YZY
YWUZ
]Y
\
V]]
\
YV[\
ZZ^
WY[[Z

WYZW
Z^\Z
WU[
X]W^
WYZ
VV
VZV
\
XYXW
ZZ]
WZY[V

WWUZ
]YU^
XW[
Y[[Y
XWX
\
]]V
W\UX
XX\Z
U[Z
W]^\U

[U\
ZXZ\
XYU
W^ZU
]W
VV
VXU
\
X^[\
UZZ
WVUWY

WYWY
]Y]]
XXV
Y\Y^
^[
\
VXU
\
XWUW
ZWU
WXWVX

ZUYZ
XZZU]
WUWV
WV^Y^
Z[[
WU^
Y^\\
W\UX
W^Z^Z
VYZY
^UZVW

12»ŒÊËƒ
¹\hú³&M
ï°±²¯Ñn°ï°±²¯ÑKï°$d
ï°±²¯Ñ—a»1‘ÑµS°±²¯
2°±²¯
º°±²¯
%&'(_¯°±²¯%°±²¯%°b‚Óéî
—ðÝï³0‹_•»¯°±²¯k»°±²¯•«äö¾0“r•gíKÁ
ÜJ'.±²à~•%¯°±²àÀ0ñÔ-)Œ•g³0‹_µS—H³0‹_KL•ð"Îg^.˜Ý÷B®cKL¯°±²³0‹_·±²b¿"Ô³0‹_ÑSÔmDñý
¹¹¹g¹¹¦76@-äÛ‚`'

ø³'

øø'

øú'

ø'

ú'

ó'

g"¦

XXUY
W[\V
Y]Y^
W\^W
W]]]
YU]Y
[YV
W]^
VX
W\
V[V
\
Z\
W\
WVVW
WZ
\
W]
\
W\XW
XWX
WUU\U

X]V]
WU\V
YY[V
WXXZ
WUX]
XY[U
]X]
YVW
YU
W\
V\^
W\
V\
\
WUXX
\
\
\
Y\
UVX
]\Z
W^W^V

Y[YU
WV\]
Y]VX
W]X\
W[^]
Y[ZY
^WX
XZY
VX
\
]VY
\
WY\
\
WXUW
XY
\
\
Z\
WU[[
XY\
W^^WV

Y^V\
WVVZ
Y\X]
[UW
WY\^
YUY^
U[]
XWW
VZ
W\
X]]
\
X\
]
W\X]
\
\
W\
V\
WZX]
VW]
W][W]

Y]]V
WUWW
YYVU
WZWZ
[Z]
YX\X
ZV]
Z\Y
YU
W\
VX[
W\
\
]
W^W^
W[
]
\
Z\
WX\Z
V\Z
WZUV^

YXUV
^[W
YYZV
WYUX
ZX\
W^\W
]]
Z]\
W]
WV
ZWV
\
\
\
WV]^
YY
U
\
V[
Y^^
VXX
WY^X^

WUZWY
[\ZW
WX[WW
U^\U
^\U^
W]^VX
XUZU
YXYV
Y\W
]V
Y^]Y
Y\
Y]\
Y\
^^]Z
^[
WY
Y]
YY[
Z^\Y
YX[X
W\\Y\ZÒuÎÏ0Ð.
12ÚÛÜÝÊËƒ
¹\hú³&M
12ÚÛÜÝÊËƒ
n°±²à
¼½¾¿ÀÁï2°±²à•pÂ±²à
º°±²¯
ï°±²¯
2°±²¯
¼½¾¿ÀÁ¯°±²¯®cKL¯°±²ÃÄÅÁ—a»g¦@-äÛ‚`'

ø³'

øø'

øú'

ø'

ú'

ó'

úøø³±ø
øúç±¸"""""Ê
"""""Ê
"""""Ê
"""""Ê
"""""Ê
øÂ±ú"""""Ê
úúçó±øø¸´ó±ó
·ø±·"""""Ê
"""""Ê
"""""Ê
"""""Ê
"""""Ê
"""""Ê
""""ç±·
ú³øø±øø¸´ó±ø
"""""Ê
"""""Ê
"""""Ê
"""""Ê
"""""Ê
"""""Ê
"""""Ê
"""·³±Âø´çó±¸ú³´ú±Â
Â³±´"""""Ê
"""""Ê
"""""Ê
"""""Ê
"""""Ê
"""""Ê
"""·³±´
úø·ó±·

úø·ú±ø
·ú±çø´±ç"""""Ê
"""""Ê
"""""Ê
"""""Ê
"""""Ê"""ó¸±óúú¸ú±µø·³ó±¸··±ú"""""Ê
"""""Ê
"""""Ê
"""""Ê
"""""Ê
"""""Ê
"""·ç±ø
øÂóç±ø

ø'

ú'

ó'

g¦

øøÂçç±ú
ó¸Â±³
ø´±ç
³±³
³±³
³±³
³±³
øÂ±ú
ú¸ø±ú
øúµ·³±ø12»ŒÊËƒ
¹\hú³&M
12»ŒÊËƒ
n°±²à
¼½¾¿ÀÁï2°±²à•pÂ±²à
º°±²¯
õÆ±²à
ï°±²¯
2°±²¯
¼½¾¿ÀÁ¯°±²¯®cKL¯°±²ÃÄÅÁ—a»g¦@-äÛ‚`'

ø³'

øø'

øú'

µú·ø±ø
óçµÂ±µó´ç´±Â
ó´µø±ó
ó´´³±¸ó´óø±³
·¸ø±ó
·ú·±·
Âµ³±ç
ø³³³±¸ø³³ø±³øøµ¸±ú
µ¸³±ç
µ·¸±ç
çó³±ç
µÂµ±µ
µÂµ±µ
ú´ø±Â
úø¸±·
úø·±ç
úúµ±³
úµÂ±³
úµÂ±³
ø·³±ú
"""""Ê
"""""Ê
"""""Ê
"""""Ê
"""""Ê
"""""Ê
"""""Ê
"""""Ê
"""""Ê
"""""Ê
"""""Ê
"""""Ê
øç³±³
úóó±Â
óçó±·
óÂ·±ø
óÂ·±ø
ó³³±¸
·µ¸
óµó
µ³µ±ø
óÂ¸±Â
óÂ¸±Â
ú¸³±´
"""""Ê
"""""Ê
"""""Ê
"""""Ê
"""""Ê
"""""Ê
Â±ú
ú´±ú
úø±¸
³±³
³±³
Â±ó
·µµ·±Â
çµ·µ±´·úóµ±ú
·µø¸±ó
·µ·¸±³·øú³±ø

g¦

úó·óø±óçø´¸±µúÂú³±³
øóøó±ó
³±³³±³
øÂ´³±ó
úµóó±µ³±³·ç±çóÂøçú±úÓÎÏ0Ð.
12ÚÛÜÝÊËƒ
¹\hú³&M
2°±²¯·J-2°
2°±²¯·—4n°2°±²¯·KL%&'(_n°2°±²¯·•¤-n°2°±²¯·gh·•Kn°
2°±²¯·n°2°
2°±²¯·¤-2°
g¹¹¹¦@-äÛ‚`'

ø³'

øø'

øú'

ø'

ú'

ó'

g¦

ø³Â
Âµ±´
Âø±ó
Â¸±ø
øçó
ó¸±ç
³
çúú±¸

úç³±¸
´ó±µ
¸·±´
³
ø³·±ú
³
øÂÂ±´
Âøç±ú

·úÂ±µ
·Â±Â
µú±ç
çø±Â
ú¸·±´
³
øçÂ±ø
øúóó±ú

çú¸±´
Âç±ó
óø±ó
Â´±ó
øç³±Â
³
´ú±·
´ç¸

úµ´±ú
Â·±ø
³
³
·´±ó
³
³
ó´µ±·

øÂø±ç
µ´±ó
øÂÂ±ø
ç·±´
ú¸ø±Â
óµ±´
úø±·
Â´ú±´

ø´óµ±¸
µó·±Â
µ³´±ø
ú··
ø³µÂ±Â
Âó±óµµ´±øµ·ø·±Â

12»ŒÊËƒ
¹\hú³&M
2°±²¯·íýµS2°
2°±²¯·íý²¶2°
2°±²¯·JR2°
2°±²¯·J-2°
2°±²¯·—4n°2°±²¯·KL%&'(_n°2°±²¯·¤-2°2°±²¯·•¤-n°2°±²¯·gh·•Kn°
2°±²¯·n°2°
2°±²¯·Ã·J-ï2°äö±²ÃÄÅÁ%&'(_¯°±²¯#ó£¹À“G‚`ŒéÇgMs³0‹_KL•ð"Îg^.˜Ý÷Bg¹¹¹¦@-äÛ‚`'

ø³'

øø'

øú'

ø'

ú'

ó'

µµ±µ
ø´±¸
ú´¸±µ
µ¸·Â±ú
ø³µú±µ¸´³±óçµó±óøó·Â±·
óó·´±ç
··ø±¸
ó³±·
øµ±ç
³
¸±¸
³
øóøç¸±ç

Â·±·
³
ç¸ç±¸
çú³µ
ø³øø±ø´çç±ó·¸ú±ç
ø³µú±¸úóÂ¸±ø
··¸±´
ç³±´
ø¸±ó
³
·±ø
³
øú·¸³±ú

¸Â±ç
´±´
úú¸±ø
ç³¸ó±ç
øø·µ±ø´úµ±µ··ú±·
ø³ø´±·ú¸çó±ú
Â³ú±µ
ç³±ø
³
Â±ó
øóÂ±ú
³
øú´ú´±Âµ´±ç³
øç³ç±ç
ç´ç³±ç´¸´±ó
øó´µ±´Âúó±ó
øø·ç±øú´ç¸±·
Âµç±µ
ø³³
³
³
ç´±ç
óú±ó
øç·Âó±Â

çó±¸
³
Âç´±ç
óçú³±ø
´·¸±ú
´¸´±·
ÂÂø±·
´´Â±µ
úç·ó±¸
ççú±´
·±ú
³
³
³
óø±ó
øøúøµ±ó

úµ±Â
³
µÂ·±ø
óÂµµ
´Âú±ú
·Âø±´
ú¸Â±ø
ø³Âø±¸úø·ú±µ
ççó±´
³
³
³
óÂ±ç
³
ø³³³ø±ç

g¦

óó·±·
ú´±Â
ó¸çó±óú¸ó·´±ú·øµÂ±óç¸ú·±ó
ó·Â³±µ···µ±ó
ø·ú¸ç±µó¸¸ç±ø
úóÂ±¸
óú±¸
Â±ó
úµ´±ø
·ó±ç
Âç·çÂ±¸

77ÈÉÊËIÔÕÖ"×ØÙ""ÎÏ0Ð."" Š" "Ú" "Ú" "ý" "S" "à"""""×" " Ø" " Ù" " :J" " _>"úbraÑ"®cÈÉÊËŠÚ"½m"¾¿:´çú³>µo+",›:µ³·úøµ³çç>"‰Š"ôd:µ³ççøóÂ¸Â>µ8È"©Ä:µ³ççøµ³ç¸>V="„u:ÈÉüZ`Š‚‰ ³´³Êçøú¸Ê·Â·´>"l" " " m""Ò" " " u"
" " "Ó"úbraÑï°bÉ%Á ¹¨ú"ÑÇ")¨"pd:ó´·µøó´·ç>"–braÑ2°b12»ŒÊËà"jÒ"Q¿:çµÂµ>µ§¨"Åö:çµµ³>"

n°±²àÑ"®cKñn°•êb

Ìm"ôö:Òu µóçÂ>µÑÒ"Ç[:Òu µçó³>± ‰Š.‹_Ñ12»Œ ÑÇ""Í="ª7í:Ó Â³øÂ>µ§¨"ÎÏ:Ó úúúø>"Æ ‰Š.‹_Ñ"®cŠÚ"

2#"éÑ:Ó Âµ³Â>µÝïb:Ó úøó·>""" " " " " " " " " " " " lmÎÏ0Ð."ÚÛÜÝ~.NÞ§ßàáâÙ"_$44Ð&Ñ'¾qa"" à" " " Ó""Ò" " b" " " €"" §" ß" à" •"" Ú" ý" S" à" "á"â"Ù"" J" " " _""|" o°îï°±²¯" "ï"°"b"Ó"%"Á" " " Ó%Á$f""vm" :(" Kï°ÑÒËKï°" " š2?"
•ÀÓ$"
"

"

"

"

"

"

"$" "À0ñÔ-)Œ" "Ô"Õ"³"0"‹"_" " "ÔÕ³0‹_"" •g³0‹_"" " ¤Á$f""Öm×›§" ®cKL¯°±²"³0‹_"Ñ4ÓÓ

"

"

"

"

"

"

"•" o°îº°±²¯" " "º"" °" "b""º°b•gÁ$f" "I•÷"„"" "â•4|Ñb"

¯Ê¯°"
É$ÓÓ"

"

"

"

"

"Ñ" o°îï°±²¯" "ï"°"b"É"%"Á" " "É%Áš@Ø"" "$fÙ4Úb"""gþ"ÿŽ"

n°"
•ÐÐ4"

"

"

"

"

"

"

"Ó" ®cKL¯°±²
³0‹_"
"

"

"

•g±²áÓ%Á""•g±²áÓ%Á "Æå…"Ó"$>Ù4Ñb"""®cKL¯°±²³0‹_"•ÀÓÓ""É" o°îï°±²¯" "r" s" •" ï" ° "JR$d¤Á$f" "sl"ÿÖ"" " Û•44$b"

•K¯°"
Ñ$|Ó"

"

"

"

"

"

"

"À" o°î2°±²¯" "“" Ü" ï" 2" ° $%Á$f4|Àb "Öm×›§" ®cKL¯°±²"" " ²ŠJ%Û‹"³0‹_"Ñ4ÓÓ"
"

"

"

"

—42°"
ÓÑÑ4"

"

"

"

"

"Ð" o°î2°±²¯" " "K" ï" 2" °""" "KïM@Ø"" $f4|Ób""ÝÞ"fÅ"“Üï2°"
Ó$$4"

"

"

"

"

"

"

"

"

"ø³" "2" " °" " b" 2"°"b"ÔÕ"±"² |fÚÛÜÝNÞb ";="»æ""""•"""ê"""á"÷-P2°"
ÓÚÑÑ"

"

"

"

"

"

"

"øø" " o°î1‘Ñ"" µS°±²¯""l"m"š"•"%"Á" "" $fš1fe>" "‰ß"àö"o°î1‘ÑµS°
ÉÀÐÀ"

"

"

"

"

"

"" •g1‘°bá"" $f|Ù4$b""g>"ôÖ"o°î1‘ÑµS°
ÉÀÐÓ"

"

"

"

"

"

"

"

"øó" " o°î1‘Ñ"" µS°±²¯"

1‘ÑµS°±²¯á "" $fï1fe>" "&=m"A"o°î1‘ÑµS°
$ÐÑ•"

"

"

"

"

"

"øµ" "áÀÄâãÁ·äÀåÀ½æ·" " "ëÙÖ"" " çèÀçéêÁ""" áÀÄâãÁ·äÀåÀ½æ·""" " çèÀçéêÁ""ìŠ"A"

—42°"
ÑÚ••"

"

"

"

"

"

"

"øç" o°î%°±²¯" " "•#r“†•g"" " ±²³0‹_"""2°b•g@Ø$f "§¨"Åö"" " 44Ú%b""øú" " •g1‘°b"

78""Ú" o°î2°±²¯" " "—" 4" 2" °"" " õ«¯éá""ÏA"–•""|f~.±‚Lb"•#r“†•g±²³0‹_:é>ó·´ú"®cKL¯°±²³0‹_¹ãâäå•ô\húø&µ'ø‹

Ó¹•

ð½¹m¹¾¹¿ä¹†£¹¤¹¥¹¦ä¹†

Ñ¹Ò¹Ç¹[

ä¹†

Æå…¹¹¹Óÿä†Ï¹÷¹¹¹Aÿä†Æ¹¹s¹¹æÿä†‰¹Š¹ô¹dà¹ä

o¹+¹,¹›à¹ä

§¹=¹7¹Aà¹äó‹Š¹¹¹àà¹…

¼¹¹¹û¹¹¹œ
×íÖ 9520
sawada@ltm.kyoto-u.ac.jp
×íÖ 4036
yamochi@kuchem.kyoto-u.ac.jp
×íÖ 9521
terashim@scl.kyoto-u.ac.jp
×íÖ 3755
sasaki@scphys.kyoto-u.ac.jp
×íÖ 3755
akira@scphys.kyoto-u.ac.jp
×íÖ 7755
sbsato@em.biophys.kyoto-u.ac.jp
×íÖ 4055
toshikaz@scphys.kyoto-u.ac.jp
×íÖ 4062
otsuka@kuchem.kyoto-u.ac.jp
×íÖ 4062
nakano@kuchem.kyoto-u.ac.jp
×íÖ 4068
kasugain@scphys.kyoto-u.ac.jp®cKL¯°±²³0‹_¹æçå•ô\húø&µ'ø‹æçå•

w¹Z¹¹¹ü
½¹m¹¾¹¿£¹¤¹¥¹¦Ñ¹Ò¹Ç¹[w¹=¹Ì¹™
*¹…¹ð¹æl¹¨¹d¹s¹l¹ÿ¹Ö
A¹=¹¥¹Q
ã¹m¹x¹®
ò¹…¹¹¹•ž¹ñ¹d¹„&¹=¹™¹y=§<<¹jÖbz

à¹Ó
1Ñµ±²¯
|%êå
Ö×Ø
$%êå
Ö×Ø
$%êå
Ö×Ø
$%êå
ï°±²¯""¹
•%êå
ï°±²¯
•%êå
ï°±²¯
•%êå
ï°±²¯
•%êå
%°±²¯
•%êå
î°±²¯
•%êå
2°±²¯
•%êå
º°±²¯
•%êå
n°±²à""¹•%êåï¹j¼¹¹¹û¹¹¹œ
×íÖ 6787
smaegawa@mbox.kudpc.kyoto-u.ac.jp
×íÖ 9520
sawada@ltm.kyoto-u.ac.jp
×íÖ 4036
yamochi@kuchem.kyoto-u.ac.jp
×íÖ 9521
terashim@scl.kyoto-u.ac.jp
×íÖ 3783
maeno@scphys.kyoto-u.ac.jp
×íÖ 4029
miki@kuchem.kyoto-u.ac.jp
×íÖ 3989
kyhv@kuchem.kyoto-u.ac.jp
×íÖ 4215
yoshi@em.biophys.kyoto-u.ac.jp
×íÖ 19-3687
fukuyama@kuhp.kyoto-u.ac.jp
×íÖ4555
handatsr@pharm.kyoto-u.ac.jp
×íÖ 15-2263
suzuki@kuee.kyoto-u.ac.jp
×íÖ 6281
irie@kais.kyoto-u.ac.jp
×íÖ 17-3103
ono@scl.kyoto-u.ac.jp
×íÖ 3602
jimubucho@office.sci.kyoto-u.ac.jp79®cKL¯°±²³0‹_¹èéêå¶êå•ô
Name
w¹Z¹¹¹ü

smaegawa@mbox.kudpc.kyoto-u.ac.jp

1Ñµ

6787

½¹m¹¾¹¿

sawada@ltm.kyoto-u.ac.jp

Ö×Ø

9520

£¹¤¹¥¹¦yamochi@kuchem.kyoto-u.ac.jp

Ö×Ø

4036

Ñ¹Ò¹Ç¹[terashim@scl.kyoto-u.ac.jp

Ö×Ø

9521

Æå…""""""Ó

sasaki@scphys.kyoto-u.ac.jp

Ö×Ø

3755

Ï¹÷¹¹¹A

akira@scphys.kyoto-u.ac.jp

Ö×Ø

3755

Æ¹s¹¹¹æ

sbsato@em.biophys.kyoto-u.ac.jp

Ö×Ø

7755

o¹+¹,¹›otsuka@kuchem.kyoto-u.ac.jp

Ö×Ø

4036

Ï¹m¹Ð¹Ñmatsuda@scphys.kyoto-u.ac.jp

ï¹°

3790

w¹=¹Ì¹™

maeno@scphys.kyoto-u.ac.jp

ï¹°

3783

l¹¨¹d¹-

kyhv@kuchem.kyoto-u.ac.jp

ï¹°

3989

8""Ü""‘Mï

takeyan@kuchem.kyoto-u.ac.jp

ï¹°

4015

š¹=¹¹¹›hokuyama@kuchem.kyoto-u.ac.jp

ï¹°

3977

s¹l¹ÿ¹Ö

yoshi@em.biophys.kyoto-u.ac.jp

ï¹°

4215

*¹”¹¹¹¡amitani@hs.med.kyoto-u.ac.jp%¹°

19-3913§¹¨¹Î¹Ï

tk_naka@kuee.kyoto-u.ac.jp

2¹°15-2221§¹¨¹Å¹ö

h.nakamura@ht8.ecs.kyoto-u.ac.jp

2¹°

5440

Í¹=¹ª7í

sugano@kuee.kyoto-u.ac.jp

2¹°15-2270=¹m¹à¹—masayasu@kais.kyoto-u.ac.jp

º¹°

6059

s¹÷¹Q¹¿naokif@mbox.kudpc.kyoto-u.ac.jp,

1Ñµ

6786

^¹Š¹ñ¹ö

shirai@pe.energy.kyoto-u.ac.jp

%&¯

3328

&¹=¹™¹yono@scl.kyoto-u.ac.jp

n¹±17-3103jimubucho@office.sci.kyoto-u.ac.jp

ï¹°

3602

ïj_=§jÖbza

80\h$ø&Ñ' 1‹¾q
à¹ÓTEL

E-mailKìío°®cKL¯°±²³0‹_¡_LTM³0‹_¡aO„an)a
4+Eú’3÷)aôhÃ¸
Call for Manuscripts for"Low Temperature and Materials Sciences (Kyoto University)"wZ" üøøúø"¢Åêå¶ú"1
ìío°o°î1‘ÑµS°±²¯X2ìío°®cKL¯°±²³0‹_
S. Maegawa 1,2 and Editorial Committee 2
1
Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University,
2
Research Center for Low Temperature and Materials Sciences, Kyoto University
àÓaŠ3AbstractCo]XXu¬6EWkA÷EH
CŒ&wxly&" Kìío°®cKL¯°±²³0‹_¡__#äLTM³0‹_¡XXu•äLow Temperature andMaterials Sciences (Kyoto University)a¬*X®cKL¯°±²³0‹_ûÁÊõ6ÈÉÑS_“õamDÙaÙÕRIÔÙaÙÕÆÇK±²]_`ö,K-.]_`ö,K³e0O„an)C÷øEF
V@õHn)÷þ@VF÷)*X¢Åêå¶¬ùça,Oº»a…¬CD<EFV@õHn)3
4F^W*XJ-7ôJ'C>-"† ú34ZÇkA÷EH@FX1BWdû÷)Y"† ú3üZ@F*¤<EFAö@õÆ,4ãEEFV@õH‡@ûÇ*J-7ôJ'ÆÇôhV@õa¬X8>$"2"¡CÛ<=a,OMS-WordCDEWôhVWkA÷EHInDesign@F*QuarkXPressa7ô
J'¬YAr¬õH-4X¢Åêå¶•‚a÷)ÝÀY]E@õa¬XÝÀ÷BWEFAEFé
3*Æ”Vk4ãEÝVIX@õHHŒ&Ö=EÓ¥ÏÐ&
A4DýaI>qs325 mm[G™_K0Cÿ^WXUuÂ1XXuÂ1XUu£ÙÑàÓXXu£ÙÑàÓX‹Š.`Š‰`_Xua
X–uX<Nu•X£Ù34_35mm_Ua×40mm_•÷a
aX£Ù
Cça¤3-®VWkA÷EH–u*"1"]4FÇH+45u`X1 e_K4FÇ40]C!,3VWkA
÷EHþ`Ñ•-Ñv\3*MSAÿXX`Ño`3*Times New RomanX–u§aE¿V3*MSw^‚‰_@F*/þ‚3,F662aCcDVWkA÷EHÂ1*14 pointX£ÙÑàÓ*12 pointX–u*10.5 pointX;ÑÂaÎÏƒ^90*10 point au`CDEWkA÷EHÂ1aw3•]C"3"]žþWkA÷EH–u§XKï-%CÂõ-%*^2_J‹Û‚‰a
X@--%*Ì2_e_™0a¬Â-VXKïƒÿ@-a‘Ro`ÿ-%a‘3*.e_.C"1"9žþWkA÷EH@FX¡a‘3
Y.e_.C"1"]Ú5WkA÷EH!"B*KH
XO3ÎdVWkA÷EH
;*•CÓMaYaC–u§3#ÇL5WkA÷EHvŠ_dûû…†¬õa¬X¬ö6A5vŠ_a;CcDVWkA÷EH—a»aðb3GEW*X–)-‚’3>-Ref. [1,2] a.‹J'C<N
3VWkA÷EH
o&p&q&r&g‘DP%h"£Ù•ø"Y¡•ø"$oø"$‡ae_KP%ø"&a¤¬4ãEV@õH"Öa
[1] ÑÒÇ[, ìío°®cKL¯°±²³0‹_¡ 8, 26 (2005).
[2] K. Mibu, Low Temperature and Materials Sciences (Kyoto University) 1, 13 (2003).
""† ìío°®cKL¯°±²³0‹_¡¢Åêå¶, %606-8501ìíýqìülm–#,
Tel:075-753-9521 Fax: 075-753-9521 E-mail:terashim@scl.kyoto-u.ac.jp(ÑÒÇ[)

81

"
"
æ&É•‚¢Åêå3ÞOWEFAö-û‚X³0‹_¡3UVW/þÿE^Fm
öYB[X)‹3i^WV@E@VFHd¬¬X\h 21 &Mß:s§¬XÒu$üa1n“ÿS3SÔmD3Êõ6¦;“õa 9žûgý‚þ6…†ñû¿Wö@VFHdãâäåÿVWXˆV”/aj3•‚þ6˜‘ûzk-^WE@õH)Na¦;“õa9ž*X46æâX&}‹ò-rÐû4ÇX@FXïYÿVWEFü;¤ÿ*dkV-Eb¤Y4Ç@õûX³0‹_ÿVWH°SÔmD3Êõ6“õa9ž
C333„WöFhb¬46ÿY>^WE@õ:ÚÄÚ'.>H)ŠÿYXËÚa±²ž¶C¾0õ6ÿÔ˜3XÙÕaï•øCEFAö-û‚H°SÔmD³0‹_ÿVWaõöC*]VW]öFEÿNOWE@õH
H.Y."
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
&
&
&
&
&
ÑÒÓó Š STÔó!"-./$Õ
Low Temperature and Materials Sciences(Kyoto University)$14% 2009 & 6 ' Volume 14, Jyne 2009¢Åêå¶äÑÒ Ç[ :¢Åêåz>, wZ ü,£¤" ¥¦, vm :(, §¨Åö,Ía ÇÎ, s÷ Q¿, w( ÃÈj" Ö" €ä%606-8501ìíýqìülm–#" " " " " " ìío° ®cKL¯°±²³0‹_" " " " " Tel:075-753-9521 Fax:075-753-9521" " " " " " " E-mail: terashim@scl.kyoto-u.ac.jp:ÑÒÇ[>"d"82ûäMu]dû